Sample records for credit-based flow control

  1. CONTROLLING STORM WATER RUNOFF WITH TRADABLE CREDITS FOR IMPERVIOUS SURFACES

    EPA Science Inventory

    Storm water flow off impervious surface in a watershed can lead to stream degradation, habitat alteration, low base flows and toxic leading. We show that a properly designed tradable runoff credit (TRC) system creates economic incentives for landowners to employ best management p...

  2. CONTROLLING STORMWATER RUNOFF WITH TRADABLE CREDITS FOR IMPERVIOUS SURFACES

    EPA Science Inventory

    Stormwater flow from an impervious surface can lead to stream degradation, habitat alteration, low base flows and increased toxic loadings from nonpoint sources, a problem that has resisted traditional command and control regulatory approaches. We explore the thesis that a well ...

  3. The Congress Should Control Federal Credit Programs to Promote Economic Stabilization.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1981-10-21

    economic stability since 1960. The current rate of direct and guaranteed loan flows will exceed $70 billion annually in fiscal 1981. Recently, the Congress and the Administration have proposed a credit budget to limit the rapid growth of Federal credit. GAO demonstrates in this report that the best point of program control is the amount of the interest rate subsidy. Controlling subsidy levels rather than program activity levels would allocate credit efficiently and would, at the same time, lead to Federal credit flows that would contribute to the economic stabilization

  4. Optimizing congestion and emissions via tradable credit charge and reward scheme without initial credit allocations

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhu, Wenlong; Ma, Shoufeng; Tian, Junfang

    2017-01-01

    This paper investigates the revenue-neutral tradable credit charge and reward scheme without initial credit allocations that can reassign network traffic flow patterns to optimize congestion and emissions. First, we prove the existence of the proposed schemes and further decentralize the minimum emission flow pattern to user equilibrium. Moreover, we design the solving method of the proposed credit scheme for minimum emission problem. Second, we investigate the revenue-neutral tradable credit charge and reward scheme without initial credit allocations for bi-objectives to obtain the Pareto system optimum flow patterns of congestion and emissions; and present the corresponding solutions are located in the polyhedron constituted by some inequalities and equalities system. Last, numerical example based on a simple traffic network is adopted to obtain the proposed credit schemes and verify they are revenue-neutral.

  5. Spectrum Efficiency Through Dynamic Spectrum Access Techniques (Briefing Charts)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-06-01

    Telemetry Data Sources IP BASED TELEMETRY STATION Flow control • Volume- based • Credit- based • Rate- based Signaling using custom protocols or standards...Responsible for all T&E infrastructure assessment within the Major Range and Test Facility Base (MRTFB) DoD Directive 3200.11 • Administer three...Memorandum Unleashing of the Wireless Broadband Revolution THE WHY: Based on the view that “we are now beginning the next transformation in

  6. Expanding Choice: Tax Credits and Educational Access in Montana

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Carpenter, Dick M., II; Ross, John K.

    2009-01-01

    The evidence advanced in this report demonstrates that using tax credits to fund scholarships for students is both well-established and sound practice. Three existing credits allow taxpayer funds to flow to faith-based organizations, and one of those, the Qualified Endowment Credit, rewards contributions to more than a thousand charitable…

  7. Municipal solid waste management planning considering greenhouse gas emission trading under fuzzy environment.

    PubMed

    Zhang, Xiaodong; Huang, Gordon

    2014-03-15

    Waste management activities can release greenhouse gases (GHGs) to the atmosphere, intensifying global climate change. Mitigation of the associated GHG emissions is vital and should be considered within integrated municipal solid waste (MSW) management planning. In this study, a fuzzy possibilistic integer programming (FPIM) model has been developed for waste management facility expansion and waste flow allocation planning with consideration of GHG emission trading in an MSW management system. It can address the interrelationships between MSW management planning and GHG emission control. The scenario of total system GHG emission control is analyzed for reflecting the feature that GHG emission credits may be tradable. An interactive solution algorithm is used to solve the FPIM model based on the uncertainty-averse preferences of decision makers in terms of p-necessity level, which represents the certainty degree of the imprecise objective. The FPIM model has been applied to a hypothetical MSW planning problem, where optimal decision schemes for facility expansion and waste flow allocation have been achieved with consideration of GHG emission control. The results indicate that GHG emission credit trading can decrease total system cost through re-allocation of GHG emission credits within the entire MSW management system. This will be helpful for decision makers to effectively determine the allowable GHG emission permits in practices. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  8. 7 CFR 4279.131 - Credit quality.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... extended. (a) Cash flow. All efforts will be made to structure or restructure debt so that the business has... predominantly cash-flow oriented, and where cash flow and profitability are strong, loan-to-value coverage may be discounted accordingly. A loan primarily based on cash flow must be supported by a successful and...

  9. 7 CFR 4279.131 - Credit quality.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... extended. (a) Cash flow. All efforts will be made to structure or restructure debt so that the business has... predominantly cash-flow oriented, and where cash flow and profitability are strong, loan-to-value coverage may be discounted accordingly. A loan primarily based on cash flow must be supported by a successful and...

  10. 7 CFR 4279.131 - Credit quality.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... extended. (a) Cash flow. All efforts will be made to structure or restructure debt so that the business has... predominantly cash-flow oriented, and where cash flow and profitability are strong, loan-to-value coverage may be discounted accordingly. A loan primarily based on cash flow must be supported by a successful and...

  11. The Research on the Loan-to-Value of Inventory Pledge Loan Based Upon the Unified Credit Mode

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Peng, Yang

    This paper focus on loan limit indicator of seasonal inventory financing in supply chain financial innovation based on the logistics features of unified credit mode. According to the "corporate and debt" method in trade credit, this paper analyzes the cash flow properties of borrowing firm and the profit level of logistics enterprise, then it assumes downside-risk-averse logistics enterprise instead of risk-neutral logistics enterprise and takes the method of VaR to figure out the maximum loan-to-value ratio of inventory which is in accord with the risk tolerance level of logistics enterprise in seasonal inventory impawn financing.

  12. 10. Credit BG. Interior of control and observation room at ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    10. Credit BG. Interior of control and observation room at Control and Recording Center Building 4221/E-22. - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Control & Recording Center, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  13. Community-based asthma care: trial of a "credit card" asthma self-management plan.

    PubMed

    D'Souza, W; Crane, J; Burgess, C; Te Karu, H; Fox, C; Harper, M; Robson, B; Howden-Chapman, P; Crossland, L; Woodman, K

    1994-07-01

    Although asthma self-management plans are widely recommended as essential in the long-term treatment of adult asthma, there have been few studies examining their use. Our objective was to assess the effect of a "credit card" adult asthma self-management plan in a community experiencing major health problems from asthma, by means of a before and after intervention trial of the efficacy of the "credit card" plan, when introduced through community-based asthma clinics. The participants were 69 Maori people with asthma. The "credit card" plan consisted of written guidelines for the self-management of asthma, based on self-assessment of asthma severity, printed on a plastic card. On one side, management guidelines were based on the interpretation of peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) recordings, whilst the reverse side was based on symptoms. The outcome measures used were before and after comparison of markers of asthma morbidity and requirement for acute medical treatment; and a structured questionnaire assessing the acceptability and use of the credit card plan. Following the introduction of the plan, the mean PEFR increased from 347 to 389 l.min-1, the percentage of nights woken fell from 30.4 to 16.9%, and the number of days "out of action" fell from 3.8 to 1.7%. The requirements for acute medical treatment also fell during the intervention period. Most participants commented favourably on the content and usefulness of the plan. In the situation of worsening asthma, 28% of subjects found the peak flow side of the card most helpful, 7% the symptoms side, and 48% found both sides equally helpful.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

  14. 11. Credit BG. Interior of control and observation room at ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    11. Credit BG. Interior of control and observation room at Control and Recording Center, showing detail of switchboard and closed circuit television monitors. - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Control & Recording Center, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  15. 7 CFR 4280.139 - Credit quality.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... credit analysis, including adequacy of equity, cash flow, collateral, history, management, and the current status of the industry for which credit is to be extended. (a) Cash flow. All efforts will be made... paragraph (d)(2) of this section for loans of $600,000 or less. Cash equity injection, as discussed in...

  16. 7 CFR 4280.139 - Credit quality.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... credit analysis, including adequacy of equity, cash flow, collateral, history, management, and the current status of the industry for which credit is to be extended. (a) Cash flow. All efforts will be made... paragraph (d)(2) of this section for loans of $600,000 or less. Cash equity injection, as discussed in...

  17. 7 CFR 4280.139 - Credit quality.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... credit analysis, including adequacy of equity, cash flow, collateral, history, management, and the current status of the industry for which credit is to be extended. (a) Cash flow. All efforts will be made... paragraph (d)(2) of this section for loans of $600,000 or less. Cash equity injection, as discussed in...

  18. Congestion and flow control in signaling system no. 7: Impacts of intelligent networks and new services

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zepf, Joachim; Rufa, Gerhard

    1994-04-01

    This paper focuses on the transient performance analysis of the congestion and flow control mechanisms in CCITT Signaling System No. 7 (SS7). Special attention is directed to the impacts of the introduction of intelligent services and new applications, e.g., Freephone, credit card services, user-to-user signaling, etc. In particular, we show that signaling traffic characteristics like signaling scenarios or signaling message length as well as end-to-end signaling capabilities have a significant influence on the congestion and flow control and, therefore, on the real-time signaling performance. One important result of our performance studies is that if, e.g., intelligent services are introduced, the SS7 congestion and flow control does not work correctly. To solve this problem, some reinvestigations into these mechanisms would be necessary. Therefore, some approaches, e.g., modification of the Signaling Connection Control Part (SCCP) congestion control, usage of the SCCP relay function, or a redesign of the MTP flow control procedures are discussed in order to guarantee the efficacy of the congestion and flow control mechanisms also in the future.

  19. Delay Banking for Managing Air Traffic

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Green, Steve

    2008-01-01

    Delay banking has been invented to enhance air-traffic management in a way that would increase the degree of fairness in assigning arrival, departure, and en-route delays and trajectory deviations to aircraft impacted by congestion in the national airspace system. In delay banking, an aircraft operator (airline, military, general aviation, etc.) would be assigned a numerical credit when any of their flights are delayed because of an air-traffic flow restriction. The operator could subsequently bid against other operators competing for access to congested airspace to utilize part or all of its accumulated credit. Operators utilize credits to obtain higher priority for the same flight, or other flights operating at the same time, or later, in the same airspace, or elsewhere. Operators could also trade delay credits, according to market rules that would be determined by stakeholders in the national airspace system. Delay banking would be administered by an independent third party who would use delay banking automation to continually monitor flights, allocate delay credits, maintain accounts of delay credits for participating airlines, mediate bidding and the consumption of credits of winning bidders, analyze potential transfers of credits within and between operators, implement accepted transfers, and ensure fair treatment of all participating operators. A flow restriction can manifest itself in the form of a delay in assigned takeoff time, a reduction in assigned airspeed, a change in the position for the aircraft in a queue of all aircraft in a common stream of traffic (e.g., similar route), a change in the planned altitude profile for an aircraft, or change in the planned route for the aircraft. Flow restrictions are typically imposed to mitigate traffic congestion at an airport or in a region of airspace, particularly congestion due to inclement weather, or the unavailability of a runway or region of airspace. A delay credit would be allocated to an operator of a flight that has accepted, or upon which was imposed, a flow restriction. The amount of the credit would increase with the amount of delay caused by the flow restriction, the exact amount depending on which of several candidate formulas is eventually chosen. For example, according to one formula, there would be no credit for a delay smaller than some threshold value (e.g., 30 seconds) and the amount of the credit for a longer delay would be set at the amount of the delay minus the threshold value. Optionally, the value of a delay credit could be made to decay with time according to a suitable formula (e.g., an exponential decay). Also, optionally, a transaction charge could be assessed against the value of a delay credit that an operator used on a flight different from the one for which the delay originated or that was traded with a different operator. The delay credits accumulated by a given airline could be utilized in various ways. For example, an operator could enter a bid for priority handling in a new flow restriction that impacts one or more of the operator s flights; if the bid were unsuccessful, all or a portion of the credit would be returned to the bidder. If the bid pertained to a single aircraft that was in a queue, delay credits could be consumed in moving the aircraft to an earlier position within the queue. In the case of a flow restriction involving a choice of alternate routes, planned altitude profile, aircraft spacing, or other non-queue flow restrictions, delay credits could be used to bid for an alternative assignment.

  20. Central FPGA-based destination and load control in the LHCb MHz event readout

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jacobsson, R.

    2012-10-01

    The readout strategy of the LHCb experiment is based on complete event readout at 1 MHz. A set of 320 sub-detector readout boards transmit event fragments at total rate of 24.6 MHz at a bandwidth usage of up to 70 GB/s over a commercial switching network based on Gigabit Ethernet to a distributed event building and high-level trigger processing farm with 1470 individual multi-core computer nodes. In the original specifications, the readout was based on a pure push protocol. This paper describes the proposal, implementation, and experience of a non-conventional mixture of a push and a pull protocol, akin to credit-based flow control. An FPGA-based central master module, partly operating at the LHC bunch clock frequency of 40.08 MHz and partly at a double clock speed, is in charge of the entire trigger and readout control from the front-end electronics up to the high-level trigger farm. One FPGA is dedicated to controlling the event fragment packing in the readout boards, the assignment of the farm node destination for each event, and controls the farm load based on an asynchronous pull mechanism from each farm node. This dynamic readout scheme relies on generic event requests and the concept of node credit allowing load control and trigger rate regulation as a function of the global farm load. It also allows the vital task of fast central monitoring and automatic recovery in-flight of failing nodes while maintaining dead-time and event loss at a minimum. This paper demonstrates the strength and suitability of implementing this real-time task for a very large distributed system in an FPGA where no random delays are introduced, and where extreme reliability and accurate event accounting are fundamental requirements. It was in use during the entire commissioning phase of LHCb and has been in faultless operation during the first two years of physics luminosity data taking.

  1. Congestion and flow control in signaling system No. 7: Impacts of intelligent networks and new services

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Zepf, J.; Rufa, G.

    1994-04-01

    This paper focuses on the transient performance analysis of the congestion and flow control mechanisms in CCITT Signaling System No. 7 (SS7). Special attention is directed to the impacts of the introduction of intelligent services and new applications, e.g., Freephone, credit card services, user-to-user signaling, etc. In particular, we show that signaling traffic characteristics like signaling scenarios or signaling message length as well as end-to-end signaling capabilities have a significant influence on the congestion and flow control and, therefore, on the real-time signaling performance. One important result of our performance studies is that if, e.g., intelligent services are introduced, themore » SS7 congestion and flow control does not work correctly. To solve this problem, some reinvestigations into these mechanisms would be necessary. Therefore, some approaches, e.g., modification of the Signaling Connection Control Part (SCCP) congestion control, usage of the SCCP relay function, or a redesign of the MTP flow control procedures are discussed in order to guarantee the efficacy of the congestion and flow control mechanisms also in the future. 16 refs.« less

  2. 98. (Credit BLV) Detail of gravity, flow conduit intake at ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    98. (Credit BLV) Detail of gravity, flow conduit intake at cross Lake dam Cribbing supports extra suction intake installed in 1930. - McNeil Street Pumping Station, McNeil Street & Cross Bayou, Shreveport, Caddo Parish, LA

  3. Trial of a "credit card" asthma self-management plan in a high-risk group of patients with asthma.

    PubMed

    D'Souza, W; Burgess, C; Ayson, M; Crane, J; Pearce, N; Beasley, R

    1996-05-01

    The "credit card" asthma self-management plan provides the adult asthmatic patient with simple guidelines for the self-management of asthma, which are based on the self-assessment of peak expiratory flow rate recordings and symptoms. The study was a trial of the clinical efficacy of the credit card plan in a high-risk group of asthmatic patients. In this "before-and-after" trial, patients discharged from the emergency department of Wellington Hospital, after treatment for severe asthma were invited to attend a series of hospital outpatient clinics at which the credit card plan was introduced. Questionnaires were used to compare markers of asthma morbidity, requirement for emergency medical care, and medication use during the 6-month period before and after intervention with the credit card plan. Of the 30 patients with asthma who attended the first outpatient clinic, 26 (17 women and 9 men) completed the program. In these 26 participants, there was a reduction in both morbidity and requirement for acute medical services: specifically, the proportion waking with asthma more than once a week decreased from 65% to 23% (p = 0.005) and the proportion visiting the emergency department for treatment of severe asthma decreased from 58% to 15% (p = 0.004). The patients attending the clinics commented favorably on the plan, in particular on its usefulness as an educational tool for monitoring and treating their asthma. Although the interpretation of this study is limited by the lack of a randomized control group, the findings are consistent with other evidence that the credit card asthma self-management plan can be an effective and acceptable system for improving asthma care in a high-risk group of adult patients with asthma.

  4. 49 CFR 260.25 - Additional information for Applicants not having a credit rating.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... the following: (1) Applicant's current and prospective traffic base, including by commodity and... prospective traffic base; (3) System-wide plans to maintain equipment and rights-of-way at current or improved... flow projections; (e) Contingency plans for termination of the project before completion, if necessary...

  5. 49 CFR 260.25 - Additional information for Applicants not having a credit rating.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... the following: (1) Applicant's current and prospective traffic base, including by commodity and... prospective traffic base; (3) System-wide plans to maintain equipment and rights-of-way at current or improved... flow projections; (e) Contingency plans for termination of the project before completion, if necessary...

  6. 49 CFR 260.25 - Additional information for Applicants not having a credit rating.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... the following: (1) Applicant's current and prospective traffic base, including by commodity and... prospective traffic base; (3) System-wide plans to maintain equipment and rights-of-way at current or improved... flow projections; (e) Contingency plans for termination of the project before completion, if necessary...

  7. 49 CFR 260.25 - Additional information for Applicants not having a credit rating.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... the following: (1) Applicant's current and prospective traffic base, including by commodity and... prospective traffic base; (3) System-wide plans to maintain equipment and rights-of-way at current or improved... flow projections; (e) Contingency plans for termination of the project before completion, if necessary...

  8. 9. Credit WCT. Photographic copy of photograph, interior view of ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    9. Credit WCT. Photographic copy of photograph, interior view of control room under construction in Control and Recording Center Building 4221/E-22. Stairway to tunnel system is in left background. (JPL negative no. 384-1927, 26 May 1959) - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Control & Recording Center, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  9. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Fachechi, Alessio; Mainetti, Luca; Palano, Laura

    The continuously rising demand for electricity has prompted governments and industries to research more effective energy management systems. The Internet of Things paradigm is a valuable add-on for controlling and managing the energy appliances such as Plug-in Electrical Vehicles (PEV) charging stations. In this paper, we present a Demand Response implementation for PEV charging stations able to use Wireless Sensor Network technologies based on the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP). We developed a self-service kiosk system by which the user can autonomously swipe his/her credit card and choose the charging station to enable. When a user plugs his/her vehicle to themore » station, s/he subscribes his availability to share a portion of its energy. When the grid requests a contribution from the PEVs, the kiosk sends a CoAP message to the available stations and the energy flow is inverted (Vehicle-to-Grid). At the end of the charging process, the user's credit card gets charged with a discounted bill.« less

  10. Credits, Curriculum, and Control in Higher Education: Cross-National Perspectives.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mason, Terrence C.; Arnove, Robert F.; Sutton, Margaret

    2001-01-01

    Examines higher education in Indonesia, Nicaragua, and Vietnam to illustrate how use of a credit system is linked to policies and institutions associated with capitalist, market-based economies, and how the credit system, embedded within a network of other educational practices, has transformed the university into an institution focused more on…

  11. Relationship of credit attitude and debt to self-esteem and locus of control in college-age consumers.

    PubMed

    Pinto, Mary Beth; Mansfield, Phylis M; Parente, Diane H

    2004-06-01

    College-age consumers are one of the groups most highly targeted by credit card marketers. While some college students use their credit cards wisely, others are unable to control their spending. The objective of this study was to investigate differences in attitude toward credit cards and the psychological factors of self-esteem and locus of control among college students who possess one or more credit cards. Attitude was operationalized to include three underlying components: cognitive, affective, and behavioral. We separated credit users into subcategories based on amount of installment debt. Convenience users were defined as those consumers who paid the credit-card balance in full each month. Installment users were classified as consumers who carried a balance month-to-month. Convenience users were compared to mild and heavy installment users to assess significance of differences in attitudinal and psychological factors. There were no significant differences in the psychological factors across the credit-card user groups. In addition, there was a statistically significant difference on each of the attitude components (knowledge/beliefs, affect, and behavior) across user groups; convenience users, mild installment, and heavy installment users.

  12. Credit PSR. This interior view of the building equipment room ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    Credit PSR. This interior view of the building equipment room displays heat exchangers and fan units with insulated piping for hot and cold water at left. Environmental controls and fire fighting system controls appear at right - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Propellant Curing Building, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  13. Credit PSR. Interior view shows the building equipment room as ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    Credit PSR. Interior view shows the building equipment room as seen looking south southwest (206°) from the doorway. The control console contains switches for chiller pumps, fans, heaters, temperature controls, and alarms - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Solid Propellant Conditioning Building, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  14. 12. Credit BG. Typical view down one of the underground ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    12. Credit BG. Typical view down one of the underground tunnels connecting the Control and Recording Center with all the JPL Edwards Facility test stands. In addition to personnel traffic, the tunnel system carried electrical power cables, instrumentation and control circuits, and high pressure helium and nitrogen lines. - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Control & Recording Center, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  15. 6. Credit USAF, April, 1945. Original in the possession of ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    6. Credit USAF, April, 1945. Original in the possession of Ken G. Oldfield, Laguna Hills, California. View looking west across North Base flightline of XP-80s Shooting Stars undergoing accelerated service tests. HANG-N-A hangars No. 1 (Building 4401) and No. 2 (Building 4402) appear at left of view, with runway control tower (T-65, or Building 4500) at far right. Flight operations offices were in T-42 (Building 4502) at base of control tower; this structure was not extant in 1995. In the background between the control tower and Building 4402 lies T-15, officer's quarters. - Edwards Air Force Base, North Base, North Base Road, Boron, Kern County, CA

  16. Comparison of Exposure Controls, Item Pool Characteristics, and Population Distributions for CAT Using the Partial Credit Model

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lee, HwaYoung; Dodd, Barbara G.

    2012-01-01

    This study investigated item exposure control procedures under various combinations of item pool characteristics and ability distributions in computerized adaptive testing based on the partial credit model. Three variables were manipulated: item pool characteristics (120 items for each of easy, medium, and hard item pools), two ability…

  17. Blowout control: Response, intervention and management; Part 2, Logistics

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Flak, L.H.; Wright, J.W.; Tuppen, J.A.

    1993-12-01

    This paper represents part two of a series regarding the development of emergency response and contingency plans for oil and gas well blowouts. The first paper dealt with developing plans to prevent blowouts and developing blowout task forces to respond when one occurred. This paper deals with the logistics of the transport of personnel and equipment to the blowout site. The paper describes a plan to identify the best sources of personnel, equipment, and services prior to a blowout. Services include methods for establishing emergency billing, cash flow and credit assistance, hazardous duty pay, welding and fabrication equipment, etc. Themore » paper also discusses the need to plan and establish base camps at the blowout sites, the logistics of establishing this base camp, and establishing viable communications to these base camps.« less

  18. 5. Credit BG. View looking northeast at southwest facade of ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    5. Credit BG. View looking northeast at southwest facade of Building 4505 as seen from top of Building 4500 (Control Tower). A warehouse wing adjoins southeast side of hangar at right. In far right background is Building 4511, Jet Fuel Depot for grade JP-5 fuel. - Edwards Air Force Base, North Base, Hangar, End of North Base Road, Boron, Kern County, CA

  19. An Examination of Exposure Control and Content Balancing Restrictions on Item Selection in CATs Using the Partial Credit Model.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Davis, Laurie Laughlin; Pastor, Dena A.; Dodd, Barbara G.; Chiang, Claire; Fitzpatrick, Steven J.

    2003-01-01

    Examined the effectiveness of the Sympson-Hetter technique and rotated content balancing relative to no exposure control and no content rotation conditions in a computerized adaptive testing system based on the partial credit model. Simulation results show the Sympson-Hetter technique can be used with minimal impact on measurement precision,…

  20. 75 FR 64785 - Corporate Credit Unions

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-20

    ...NCUA is issuing final amendments to its rule governing corporate credit unions. The major revisions involve corporate credit union capital, investments, asset-liability management, governance, and credit union service organization (CUSO) activities. The amendments establish a new capital scheme, including risk-based capital requirements; impose new prompt corrective action requirements; place various new limits on corporate investments; impose new asset-liability management controls; amend some corporate governance provisions; and limit a corporate CUSO to categories of services preapproved by NCUA. In addition, this rulemaking contains conforming amendments to rules governing Prompt Corrective Action (for natural person credit unions); Investments and Deposit Activities (for federal credit unions); Administrative Actions, Adjudicative Hearings, Rules of Practice and Procedure, and Investigations; and Involuntary Liquidation of Federal Credit Unions and Adjudication of Creditor Claims Involving Federally Insured Credit Unions. These amendments will strengthen individual corporates and the corporate credit union system as a whole.

  1. Coming Soon: The Cashless Campus.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Peskin, Carole Ann; McDemmond, Marie

    1994-01-01

    Increasing use of credit on college campuses raises important policy questions and planning needs. Credit and debit card use varies, and most institutions are studying, experimenting, and inventing uses. Although use of credit improves cash flow, streamlines payments and services, and increases income, there are also costs to the institution. (MSE)

  2. Fast packet switching algorithms for dynamic resource control over ATM networks

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Tsang, R.P.; Keattihananant, P.; Chang, T.

    1996-12-01

    Real-time continuous media traffic, such as digital video and audio, is expected to comprise a large percentage of the network load on future high speed packet switch networks such as ATM. A major feature which distinguishes high speed networks from traditional slower speed networks is the large amount of data the network must process very quickly. For efficient network usage, traffic control mechanisms are essential. Currently, most mechanisms for traffic control (such as flow control) have centered on the support of Available Bit Rate (ABR), i.e., non real-time, traffic. With regard to ATM, for ABR traffic, two major types ofmore » schemes which have been proposed are rate- control and credit-control schemes. Neither of these schemes are directly applicable to Real-time Variable Bit Rate (VBR) traffic such as continuous media traffic. Traffic control for continuous media traffic is an inherently difficult problem due to the time- sensitive nature of the traffic and its unpredictable burstiness. In this study, we present a scheme which controls traffic by dynamically allocating/de- allocating resources among competing VCs based upon their real-time requirements. This scheme incorporates a form of rate- control, real-time burst-level scheduling and link-link flow control. We show analytically potential performance improvements of our rate- control scheme and present a scheme for buffer dimensioning. We also present simulation results of our schemes and discuss the tradeoffs inherent in maintaining high network utilization and statistically guaranteeing many users` Quality of Service.« less

  3. 4. Credit WCT. Original 2'" x 21" color negative is ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    4. Credit WCT. Original 2-'" x 2-1" color negative is housed in the JPL Photography Laboratory, Pasadena, California. This view shows the control room in use, with JPL employees Ron Wright, Harold Anderson, and John Morrow presiding. (JPL negative no. JPL-10288A, 27 January 1989.) - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Weigh & Control Building, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  4. Credit BG. Northeast and northwest facades of Building 4496 (Security ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    Credit BG. Northeast and northwest facades of Building 4496 (Security Facility) as seen when looking south (178°) from entrance to secured area. The Control Tower (Building 4500) appears in background. The Security Facility is part of the secured Building 4505 complex - Edwards Air Force Base, North Base, Security Facility, Northeast of A Street, Boron, Kern County, CA

  5. Procurement Cards Pave the Way to Efficient Purchasing.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Enos, Eileen D.

    1999-01-01

    As educators battle restricted budgets, inflation, and enrollment changes, strategic sourcing management is replacing traditional transaction-based procurement. Procurement-card programs, allowing organizations to use credit cards for small purchases or low-value items, save time and enhance controls over merchants, credit limits, issuance limits,…

  6. Microcredit, family planning programs, and contraceptive behavior: evidence from a field experiment in Ethiopia.

    PubMed

    Desai, Jaikishan; Tarozzi, Alessandro

    2011-05-01

    The impact of community-based family planning programs and access to credit on contraceptive use, fertility, and family size preferences has not been established conclusively in the literature. We provide additional evidence on the possible effect of such programs by describing the results of a randomized field experiment whose main purpose was to increase the use of contraceptive methods in rural areas of Ethiopia. In the experiment, administrative areas were randomly allocated to one of three intervention groups or to a fourth control group. In the first intervention group, both credit and family planning services were provided and the credit officers also provided information on family planning. Only credit or family planning services, but not both, were provided in the other two intervention groups, while areas in the control group received neither type of service. Using pre- and post-intervention surveys, we find that neither type of program, combined or in isolation, led to an increase in contraceptive use that is significantly greater than that observed in the control group. We conjecture that the lack of impact has much to do with the mismatch between women's preferred contraceptive method (injectibles) and the contraceptives provided by community-based agents (pills and condoms).

  7. Brazilian-Argentine Relations in the 1980s: from Wary Rivalry toward Friendly Competition

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1985-03-01

    viability of countertrade , inward vs. outward orientations, internal stability, regime compatibility, comparative "advantage, political status of neighbors... countertrade or clearing-house type reciprocal credit accounts deals are established on a regular basis. The range of complementarity may be broad, but each...Success of countertrade or reciprocal credit clearing house accounting, to ease the cash flow bind. 2. Redirection of trade flows and concession of mutual

  8. KSC-2013-2744

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-13

    VANDENBERG ABF, Calif. – One of the portable control trailers is set up at Vandenberg Air Force Base for the upcoming launch of an Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket lifting NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit. The aircraft will carry the winged rocket to an altitude of 39,000 feet before releasing the Pegasus so its own motors can ignite to send the IRIS into space. The L-1011 is a modified airliner equipped to hold the Pegasus under its body safely. IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  9. Beyond "banking for the poor": credit mechanisms and women's empowerment.

    PubMed

    Albee, A

    1996-10-01

    This article describes some strengths and limitations of credit programs for women in developing countries. It is urged that development planners recognize the importance of the selection of the type of credit mechanism in the long term. Ethical issues should be decided upon before the credit mechanism is operable. Organizations should make clear what level of commitment there is to empower borrowers. Most organizations give loans to women and assume empowerment will take place without devising strategies to ensure empowerment. Credit mechanisms include credit for the poor and credit by the poor. A sound financial portfolio and 100% repayment are not the appropriate criteria for securing the empowerment of women. Empowerment of women is related to "building the capacity of borrowers to manage and control decision making." UNICEF's framework of gender equality and women's empowerment identifies levels of empowerment as "welfare, access, conscientisation, participation, and control." Development planners should be aware that provision of credit also has the potential to increase a poor family's debt. Delinquency may be hidden by overlapping loans that trap borrowers. Fewer installment payments increase the chances of a debt trap. Reducing the number of installments may reduce administrative costs and conform to production processes, but may also lead to a debt trap. There is now considerable emphasis on investing in low-income women entrepreneurs as a highly efficient means of achieving social and economic objectives. Credit programs aim to support the growth of small, self-sustaining businesses, to improve women's opportunities, and to provide alternatives to exploitation by local money-lenders. This article describes the following credit mechanisms: bank guarantee systems, government credit schemes, intermediary projects, direct lending projects, banks for the poor, credit unions, and village-based banks.

  10. 1. Credit USAF, ca. 1942. Original housed in the Muroc ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    1. Credit USAF, ca. 1942. Original housed in the Muroc Flight Test Base, Unit History, 1 September 1942 - 30 June 1945. Alfred F. Simpson Historical Research Agency. United States Air Force. Maxwell AFB, Alabama. Historical view looks west southwest at construction of Building 4317, Deluge Water Pumping Station (then designated Pump House No. 3). This in-ground structure houses fire pumps which draw water from an in-ground reservoir, Building 4316 (See HAER photos CA-170-I). Pumping station was built in-ground to take advantage of gravity, since water flows from reservoir to prime the pumps, and fire system piping is underground. Opening in far wall is to stairs leading up to ground level. Earth mound in background is part of water reservoir construction (Building 4316). - Edwards Air Force Base, North Base, Deluge Water Pumping Station, Near Second & D Streets, Boron, Kern County, CA

  11. KSC-2009-1949

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-03-03

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – One of the three thoroughly inspected gaseous hydrogen flow control valves is shown after its arrival at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Technicians installed and retested them in space shuttle Discovery. Part of the main propulsion system, the valves channel gaseous hydrogen from the main engines to the external tank. NASA and contractor teams have worked to identify what caused damage to a flow control valve on shuttle Endeavour during its November 2008 flight. Space Shuttle Program managers decided to replace Discovery's valves with others that have undergone a detailed eddy current inspection. Program managers will review the testing and determine whether to meet on March 6 for the Flight Readiness Review for the STS-119 mission. Launch of Discovery tentatively is targeted for March 12. Photo credit: NASA/Chris Rhodes

  12. KSC-2009-1950

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-03-03

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – On Launch Pad 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, technicians prepare to install three gaseous hydrogen flow control valves on space shuttle Discovery. The valves were retested after installation. Part of the main propulsion system, the valves channel gaseous hydrogen from the main engines to the external tank. NASA and contractor teams have worked to identify what caused damage to a flow control valve on shuttle Endeavour during its November 2008 flight. Space Shuttle Program managers decided to replace Discovery's valves with others that have undergone a detailed eddy current inspection. Program managers will review the testing and determine whether to meet on March 6 for the Flight Readiness Review for the STS-119 mission. Launch of Discovery tentatively is targeted for March 12. Photo credit: NASA/Chris Rhodes

  13. KSC-2009-1951

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-03-03

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – On Launch Pad 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, technicians install three gaseous hydrogen flow control valves on space shuttle Discovery. The valves were retested after installation. Part of the main propulsion system, the valves channel gaseous hydrogen from the main engines to the external tank. NASA and contractor teams have worked to identify what caused damage to a flow control valve on shuttle Endeavour during its November 2008 flight. Space Shuttle Program managers decided to replace Discovery's valves with others that have undergone a detailed eddy current inspection. Program managers will review the testing and determine whether to meet on March 6 for the Flight Readiness Review for the STS-119 mission. Launch of Discovery tentatively is targeted for March 12. Photo credit: NASA/Chris Rhodes

  14. KSC-2009-1948

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-03-03

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – One of the three thoroughly inspected gaseous hydrogen flow control valves is shown after its arrival at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Technicians installed and retested them in space shuttle Discovery. Part of the main propulsion system, the valves channel gaseous hydrogen from the main engines to the external tank. NASA and contractor teams have worked to identify what caused damage to a flow control valve on shuttle Endeavour during its November 2008 flight. Space Shuttle Program managers decided to replace Discovery's valves with others that have undergone a detailed eddy current inspection. Program managers will review the testing and determine whether to meet on March 6 for the Flight Readiness Review for the STS-119 mission. Launch of Discovery tentatively is targeted for March 12. Photo credit: NASA/Chris Rhodes

  15. ksc-84pc-248

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-10-19

    KSC-84PC-248 (For release Aug. 27, 1984) --- The Continuous Flow Electrophoresis System (CFES) is being installed in the middeck of the Orbiter Discovery in preparation for the flight of mission STS-41D in June. The CFES, originating from the McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Co. includes a fluid systems module, and experiment control and monitoring module, a sample storage module and a pump/accumulator package along with miscellaneous equipment stored in a middeck locker. Photo credit: NASA

  16. 4. Credit USAF, ca. 1945. Original housed in the Photograph ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    4. Credit USAF, ca. 1945. Original housed in the Photograph Files, AFFTC/HO, Edwards AFB, California. Low level oblique aerial view of Muroc Flight Test Base (North Base), looking southwest along flightline. HANG-P-A hangar (Building 4505) is in the right foreground. A Bell XP-59A Airacomet, the United States military's first jet propelled aircraft, is being towed on the apron toward the control tower. Other aircraft in the foreground include Douglas DC-3s, North American Aviation P-51 Mustangs, and Lockheed P-38 Lightnings. - Edwards Air Force Base, North Base, North Base Road, Boron, Kern County, CA

  17. Designing and application of SAN extension interface based on CWDM

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Qin, Leihua; Yu, Shengsheng; Zhou, Jingli

    2005-11-01

    As Fibre Channel (FC) becomes the protocol of choice within corporate data centers, enterprises are increasingly deploying SANs in their data central. In order to mitigate the risk of losing data and improve the availability of data, more and more enterprises are increasingly adopting storage extension technologies to replicate their business critical data to a secondary site. Transmitting this information over distance requires a carrier grade environment with zero data loss, scalable throughput, low jitter, high security and ability to travel long distance. To address this business requirements, there are three basic architectures for storage extension, they are Storage over Internet Protocol, Storage over Synchronous Optical Network/Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SONET/SDH) and Storage over Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM). Each approach varies in functionality, complexity, cost, scalability, security, availability , predictable behavior (bandwidth, jitter, latency) and multiple carrier limitations. Compared with these connectiviy technologies,Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM) is a Simplified, Low Cost and High Performance connectivity solutions for enterprises to deploy their storage extension. In this paper, we design a storage extension connectivity over CWDM and test it's electrical characteristic and random read and write performance of disk array through the CWDM connectivity, testing result show us that the performance of the connectivity over CWDM is acceptable. Furthermore, we propose three kinds of network architecture of SAN extension based on CWDM interface. Finally the credit-Based flow control mechanism of FC, and the relationship between credits and extension distance is analyzed.

  18. 76 FR 9067 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-02-16

    ... pay a rebate solely for Customer complex orders that add liquidity in order to continue to attract... because this Customer rebate would attract Customer order flow to the Exchange for the benefit of all..., priced at a net debit or credit based on the relative prices of the individual components, for the same...

  19. Determinants affecting consumer adoption of contactless credit card: an empirical study.

    PubMed

    Wang, Yu-Min

    2008-12-01

    The contactless credit card is one of the most promising technological innovations in the field of electronic payments. It provides consumers with greater control of payments, convenience, and transaction speed. However, contactless credit cards have yet to gain significant rates of adoption in the marketplace. Thus, effort must be made to identify factors affecting consumer adoption of contactless credit cards. Based on the technology acceptance model, innovation diffusion theory, and the relevant literature, seven variables (perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, compatibility, perceived risk, trust, consumer involvement, availability of infrastructure) are proposed to help predict consumer adoption of contactless credit cards. Data collected from 312 respondents in Taiwan is tested against the proposed prediction model using the logistic regression approach. The results and implications of our study contribute to an expanded understanding of the factors that affect consumer adoption of contactless credit cards.

  20. KSC-2012-2821

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-05-11

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – A truck carrying the third stage of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket arrives at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  1. KSC-2012-2820

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-05-11

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – A truck carrying all three stages of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket arrives at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  2. KSC-2012-2826

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-05-11

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – A truck carrying all three stages of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket arrives at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  3. Low-Cost Undergraduate Control Systems Experiments Using Microcontroller-Based Control of a DC Motor

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gunasekaran, M.; Potluri, R.

    2012-01-01

    This paper presents low-cost experiments for a control systems laboratory module that is worth one and a third credits. The experiments are organized around the microcontroller-based control of a permanent magnet dc motor. The experimental setups were built in-house. Except for the operating system, the software used is primarily freeware or free…

  4. 17 CFR 229.1113 - (Item 1113) Structure of the transaction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... securities, and within each class, with respect to cash flows, credit enhancement or other support and any... narrative discussion of the allocation and priority structure of pool cash flows, present the flow of funds... any requirements directing cash flows from the pool assets (such as to reserve accounts, cash...

  5. 17 CFR 229.1113 - (Item 1113) Structure of the transaction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... securities, and within each class, with respect to cash flows, credit enhancement or other support and any... narrative discussion of the allocation and priority structure of pool cash flows, present the flow of funds... any requirements directing cash flows from the pool assets (such as to reserve accounts, cash...

  6. 17 CFR 229.1113 - (Item 1113) Structure of the transaction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... securities, and within each class, with respect to cash flows, credit enhancement or other support and any... narrative discussion of the allocation and priority structure of pool cash flows, present the flow of funds... any requirements directing cash flows from the pool assets (such as to reserve accounts, cash...

  7. 17 CFR 229.1113 - (Item 1113) Structure of the transaction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... securities, and within each class, with respect to cash flows, credit enhancement or other support and any... narrative discussion of the allocation and priority structure of pool cash flows, present the flow of funds... any requirements directing cash flows from the pool assets (such as to reserve accounts, cash...

  8. KSC-2009-1873

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-02-25

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – On Launch Pad 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, technicians have removed space shuttle Discovery's three gaseous hydrogen flow control valves, two of which will undergo detailed inspection. Part of the main propulsion system, the valves channel gaseous hydrogen from the main engines to the external tank. NASA and contractor teams have been working to identify what caused damage to a flow control valve on shuttle Endeavour during its November 2008 flight. Approximately 4,000 images of each valve removed will be reviewed for evidence of cracks. Valves that have flown fewer times will be installed in Discovery. NASA's Space Shuttle Program has established a plan that could support shuttle Discovery's launch to the International Space Station, tentatively targeted for March 12. An exact target launch date will be determined as work on the valves progresses. Photo credit: NASA/Dimitri Gerondidakis

  9. Space Shuttle Discovery Launch

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2008-05-31

    NASA Shuttle Launch Director Michael Leinbach, left, STS-124 Assistant Launch Director Ed Mango, center, and Flow Director for Space Shuttle Discovery Stephanie Stilson clap in the the Launch Control Center after the main engine cut off and successful launch of the Space Shuttle Discovery (STS-124) Saturday, May 31, 2008, at the Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Fla. The Shuttle lifted off from launch pad 39A at 5:02 p.m. EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

  10. Women's participation in rural credit programmes in Bangladesh and their demand for formal health care: is there a positive impact?

    PubMed

    Nanda, P

    1999-08-01

    Within the overall aim of poverty alleviation, development efforts have included credit and self-employment programmes. In Bangladesh, the major beneficiaries of such group-based credit programmes are rural women who use the loans to initiate small informal income-generating activities. This paper explores the benefits of women's participation in credit programmes on their own health seeking. Using data from a sample of 1798 households from rural Bangladesh, conducted in 1991-1992 through repeated random sampling of 87 districts covered by Grameen Bank, Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC) and Bangladesh Rural Development Board (BRDB), this paper addresses the question: does women's participation in credit programmes significantly affect their use of formal health care? A non-unitary household preference model is suggested to test the hypothesis that women's empowerment through participation in these programmes results in greater control of resources for their own demand for formal health care. The analysis controls for endogeneity due to self-selection and other unobserved village level factors through the use of a weighted two stage instrumental variable approach with village level fixed effects. The findings indicate a positive impact of women's participation in credit programmes on their demand for formal health care. The policy simulations on the results of this study highlight the importance of credit programmes as a health intervention in addition to being a mechanism for women's economic empowerment.

  11. A Comparison of Exposure Control Procedures in CAT Systems Based on Different Measurement Models for Testlets

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Boyd, Aimee M.; Dodd, Barbara; Fitzpatrick, Steven

    2013-01-01

    This study compared several exposure control procedures for CAT systems based on the three-parameter logistic testlet response theory model (Wang, Bradlow, & Wainer, 2002) and Masters' (1982) partial credit model when applied to a pool consisting entirely of testlets. The exposure control procedures studied were the modified within 0.10 logits…

  12. What Schools Are Doing. A Roundup of New and Unusual School Practices

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Nation's Schools, 1972

    1972-01-01

    Describes a teen-run cafeteria, a program of giving away obsolete texts, a short term investment plan (a programed approach to cash-flow budgeting), an emergency credit'' plan whereby teachers can acquire credit hours outside school, and an automated attendance checker system. (DN)

  13. KSC-08pd0703

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2008-03-11

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- In the Firing Room of the Launch Control Center at NASA's Kennedy Space Center, John Swanson (center), Thermal Protection System manager with United Space Alliance, receives the Flow Award from Shuttle Launch Director Mike Leinbach (right) after the successful launch of space shuttle Endeavour on the STS-123 mission. At left is NASA Flow Director for Endeavour Ken Tenbusch. Liftoff of Endeavour was on time at 2:28 a.m. EDT. Endeavour's crew will make a record-breaking 16-day mission to the International Space Station and deliver the first section of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's Kibo laboratory and the Canadian Space Agency's two-armed robotic system, Dextre. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

  14. KSC-2012-5883

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-10-09

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians install the wing on the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket which will launch the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base no earlier than Feb. 27, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. For more information, visit http://iris.gsfc.nasa.gov Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  15. KSC-2013-1784

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-03-05

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, the three stages of the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket have been mated in preparation for the launch the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base no earlier than April 29, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. For more information, visit http://iris.gsfc.nasa.gov Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  16. KSC-2012-5878

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-10-09

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians prepare to install the wing on the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket which will launch the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base no earlier than Feb. 27, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. For more information, visit http://iris.gsfc.nasa.gov Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  17. KSC-2013-1785

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-03-05

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, the three stages of the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket have been mated in preparation for the launch the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base no earlier than April 29, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. For more information, visit http://iris.gsfc.nasa.gov Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  18. KSC-2012-5881

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-10-09

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians install the wing on the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket which will launch the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base no earlier than Feb. 27, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. For more information, visit http://iris.gsfc.nasa.gov Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  19. KSC-2012-5884

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-10-09

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians install the wing on the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket which will launch the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base no earlier than Feb. 27, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. For more information, visit http://iris.gsfc.nasa.gov Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  20. KSC-2012-5887

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-10-09

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians install the aft skirt on the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket which will launch the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base no earlier than Feb. 27, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. For more information, visit http://iris.gsfc.nasa.gov Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  1. KSC-2012-5885

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-10-09

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, a technician helps install the wing on the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket which will launch the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base no earlier than Feb. 27, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. For more information, visit http://iris.gsfc.nasa.gov Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  2. KSC-2012-5886

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-10-09

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians install the wing on the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket which will launch the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base no earlier than Feb. 27, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. For more information, visit http://iris.gsfc.nasa.gov Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  3. KSC-2013-1786

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-03-06

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, the three stages of the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket have been mated in preparation for the launch the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base no earlier than April 29, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. For more information, visit http://iris.gsfc.nasa.gov Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  4. KSC-2012-5889

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-10-09

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians install the aft skirt on the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket which will launch the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base no earlier than Feb. 27, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. For more information, visit http://iris.gsfc.nasa.gov Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  5. KSC-2012-5890

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-10-09

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians install the aft skirt on the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket which will launch the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base no earlier than Feb. 27, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. For more information, visit http://iris.gsfc.nasa.gov Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  6. KSC-2012-5879

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-10-09

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians prepare to install the wing on the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket which will launch the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base no earlier than Feb. 27, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. For more information, visit http://iris.gsfc.nasa.gov Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  7. A research on personal credit rating under big-data

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chen, Yong; Nie, Erbao; Chen, Shaozhen

    2018-04-01

    Solvency mainly discover the availability and fluctuations of one's cashflow, to reveal the reasons for one's balance and future trends, as well as to determine one's ability to obtain funds to repay debt and the flow Release space. the intention to repay reflects the debtor's decision which is made after weighting the benefits and cost of repaying the principal and interest. examining the repaying willingness reveals the debtor's passion to repay the outstanding obligations and the new debt, then based on which we can determine the security of principal and interest payment. risk preference is to examine individual's exact demand for credit, and the adjusting degree between the demand and the solvency, to derive the agent cost and the coverage rate of the new-issued debt.

  8. 12 CFR 618.8430 - Internal controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Internal controls. 618.8430 Section 618.8430 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM GENERAL PROVISIONS Internal Controls § 618.8430 Internal controls. Each Farm Credit institution's board of directors must adopt an internal control policy, providing adequate direction to...

  9. 12 CFR 618.8430 - Internal controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Internal controls. 618.8430 Section 618.8430 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM GENERAL PROVISIONS Internal Controls § 618.8430 Internal controls. Each Farm Credit institution's board of directors must adopt an internal...

  10. 12 CFR 618.8430 - Internal controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Internal controls. 618.8430 Section 618.8430 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM GENERAL PROVISIONS Internal Controls § 618.8430 Internal controls. Each Farm Credit institution's board of directors must adopt an internal...

  11. 12 CFR 618.8430 - Internal controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Internal controls. 618.8430 Section 618.8430 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM GENERAL PROVISIONS Internal Controls § 618.8430 Internal controls. Each Farm Credit institution's board of directors must adopt an internal...

  12. 12 CFR 618.8430 - Internal controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Internal controls. 618.8430 Section 618.8430 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM GENERAL PROVISIONS Internal Controls § 618.8430 Internal controls. Each Farm Credit institution's board of directors must adopt an internal...

  13. 40 CFR 86.1868-12 - CO2 credits for improving the efficiency of air conditioning systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Creditvalue (g/mi) Reduced reheat, with externally-controlled, variable-displacement compressor (e.g. a compressor that controls displacement based on temperature setpoint and/or cooling demand of the air...-controlled, fixed-displacement or pneumatic variable displacement compressor (e.g. a compressor that controls...

  14. KSC-2012-2824

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-05-11

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – Inside a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians offload the second stage of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket from the truck in which it was transported. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  15. KSC-2012-2828

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-05-11

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians prepare to offload the first stage of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket from the truck in which it was transported. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  16. KSC-2012-2827

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-05-11

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians prepare to offload the first stage of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket from the truck in which it was transported. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  17. KSC-2012-2825

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-05-11

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – Inside a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians offload the second stage of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket from the truck in which it was transported. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  18. KSC-2012-2822

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-05-11

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – Inside a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians prepare to offload the third stage of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket from the truck in which it was transported. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  19. KSC-2012-2831

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-05-11

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians offload the first stage of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket from the truck in which it was transported. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  20. KSC-2012-2829

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-05-11

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians prepare to offload the first stage of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket from the truck in which it was transported. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  1. KSC-2012-2830

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-05-11

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians offload the first stage of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket from the truck in which it was transported. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  2. KSC-2012-2823

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-05-11

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – Inside a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians prepare to offload the third stage of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket from the truck in which it was transported. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  3. KSC-2012-4672

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-08-21

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – Inside a processing facility at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians assist as a crane moves the wing closer for a fit check with the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL launch vehicle. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  4. KSC-2012-4677

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-08-21

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – Inside a processing facility at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians assist as a crane lowers the wing closer for a fit check with the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL launch vehicle. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  5. KSC-2012-4674

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-08-21

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – Inside a processing facility at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians assist as a crane moves the wing closer for a fit check with the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL launch vehicle. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  6. KSC-2012-4673

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-08-21

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – Inside a processing facility at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians assist as a crane moves the wing closer for a fit check with the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL launch vehicle. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  7. KSC-2012-4671

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-08-21

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – Inside a processing facility at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians prepare the wing for a fit check with the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL launch vehicle. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  8. KSC-2012-4675

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-08-21

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – Inside a processing facility at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians assist as a crane lowers the wing closer for a fit check with the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL launch vehicle. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  9. KSC-2012-4676

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-08-21

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – Inside a processing facility at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians assist as a crane lowers the wing closer for a fit check with the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL launch vehicle. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  10. KSC-2012-4670

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-08-21

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – Inside a processing facility at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians prepare the wing for a fit check with the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL launch vehicle. NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft will launch aboard the Pegasus XL in late 2012. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and heliosphere, or region around the sun. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  11. KSC-06pd2137

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2006-09-09

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Inside the Launch Control Center, Robbie Ashley, STS-115 payload manager, and Pat Lesley, with United Space Alliance, receive a special award from (at left) Shuttle Launch Director Mike Leinbach and (at right) NASA Flow Director Angie Brewer. Mission STS-115 is the 116th space shuttle flight, the 27th flight for orbiter Atlantis, and the 19th U.S. flight to the International Space Station. STS-115 is scheduled to last 11 days with a planned landing at KSC. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

  12. 40 CFR 1033.720 - Trading emission credits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 33 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Trading emission credits. 1033.720... CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM LOCOMOTIVES Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification § 1033.720 Trading emission credits. (a) Trading is the exchange of emission credits between certificate holders. You...

  13. 40 CFR 1033.720 - Trading emission credits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 34 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Trading emission credits. 1033.720... CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM LOCOMOTIVES Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification § 1033.720 Trading emission credits. (a) Trading is the exchange of emission credits between certificate holders. You...

  14. 40 CFR 1033.720 - Trading emission credits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 34 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Trading emission credits. 1033.720... CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM LOCOMOTIVES Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification § 1033.720 Trading emission credits. (a) Trading is the exchange of emission credits between certificate holders. You...

  15. 40 CFR 1033.720 - Trading emission credits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 33 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Trading emission credits. 1033.720... CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM LOCOMOTIVES Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification § 1033.720 Trading emission credits. (a) Trading is the exchange of emission credits between certificate holders. You...

  16. 40 CFR 1033.720 - Trading emission credits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Trading emission credits. 1033.720... CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM LOCOMOTIVES Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification § 1033.720 Trading emission credits. (a) Trading is the exchange of emission credits between certificate holders. You...

  17. The topology of card transaction money flows

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zanin, Massimiliano; Papo, David; Romance, Miguel; Criado, Regino; Moral, Santiago

    2016-11-01

    Money flow models are essential tools to understand different economical phenomena, like saving propensities and wealth distributions. In spite of their importance, most of them are based on synthetic transaction networks with simple topologies, e.g. random or scale-free ones, as the characterisation of real networks is made difficult by the confidentiality and sensitivity of money transaction data. Here, we present an analysis of the topology created by real credit card transactions from one of the biggest world banks, and show how different distributions, e.g. number of transactions per card or amount, have nontrivial characteristics. We further describe a stochastic model to create transactions data sets, feeding from the obtained distributions, which will allow researchers to create more realistic money flow models.

  18. Security Enhanced EMV-Based Mobile Payment Protocol

    PubMed Central

    2014-01-01

    Near field communication has enabled customers to put their credit cards into a smartphone and use the phone for credit card transaction. But EMV contactless payment allows unauthorized readers to access credit cards. Besides, in offline transaction, a merchant's reader cannot verify whether a card has been revoked. Therefore, we propose an EMV-compatible payment protocol to mitigate the transaction risk. And our modifications to the EMV standard are transparent to merchants and users. We also encrypt the communications between a card and a reader to prevent eavesdropping on sensitive data. The protocol is able to resist impersonation attacks and to avoid the security threats in EMV. In offline transactions, our scheme requires a user to apply for a temporary offline certificate in advance. With the certificate, banks no longer need to lower customer's credits for risk control, and users can have online-equivalent credits in offline transactions. PMID:25302334

  19. Security enhanced EMV-based mobile payment protocol.

    PubMed

    Yang, Ming-Hour

    2014-01-01

    Near field communication has enabled customers to put their credit cards into a smartphone and use the phone for credit card transaction. But EMV contactless payment allows unauthorized readers to access credit cards. Besides, in offline transaction, a merchant's reader cannot verify whether a card has been revoked. Therefore, we propose an EMV-compatible payment protocol to mitigate the transaction risk. And our modifications to the EMV standard are transparent to merchants and users. We also encrypt the communications between a card and a reader to prevent eavesdropping on sensitive data. The protocol is able to resist impersonation attacks and to avoid the security threats in EMV. In offline transactions, our scheme requires a user to apply for a temporary offline certificate in advance. With the certificate, banks no longer need to lower customer's credits for risk control, and users can have online-equivalent credits in offline transactions.

  20. Evaluating the impact of water conservation on fate of outdoor water use: a study in an arid region.

    PubMed

    Qaiser, Kamal; Ahmad, Sajjad; Johnson, Walter; Batista, Jacimaria

    2011-08-01

    In this research, the impact of several water conservation policies and return flow credits on the fate of water used outdoors in an arid region is evaluated using system dynamics modeling approach. Return flow credits is a strategy where flow credits are obtained for treated wastewater returned to a water body, allowing for the withdrawal of additional water equal to the amount returned as treated wastewater. In the return credit strategy, treated wastewater becomes a resource. This strategy creates a conundrum in which conservation may lead to an apparent decrease in water supply because less wastewater is generated and returned to water body. The water system of the arid Las Vegas Valley in Nevada, USA is used as basis for the dynamic model. The model explores various conservation scenarios to attain the daily per capita demand target of 752 l by 2035: (i) status quo situation where conservation is not implemented, (ii) conserving water only on the outdoor side, (iii) conserving water 67% outdoor and 33% indoor, (iv) conserving equal water both in the indoor and outdoor use (v) conserving water only on the indoor side. The model is validated on data from 1993 to 2008 and future simulations are carried out up to 2035. The results show that a substantial portion of the water used outdoor either evapo-transpires (ET) or infiltrates to shallow groundwater (SGW). Sensitivity analysis indicated that seepage to groundwater is more susceptible to ET compared to any other variable. The all outdoor conservation scenario resulted in the highest return flow credits and the least ET and SGW. A major contribution of this paper is in addressing the water management issues that arise when wastewater is considered as a resource and developing appropriate conservation policies in this backdrop. The results obtained can be a guide in developing outdoor water conservation policies in arid regions. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  1. Dark Flow, Depression and Multiline Slot Machine Play.

    PubMed

    Dixon, Mike J; Stange, Madison; Larche, Chanel J; Graydon, Candice; Fugelsang, Jonathan A; Harrigan, Kevin A

    2018-03-01

    Multiline slot machines allow for a unique outcome type referred to as a loss disguised as a win (LDW). An LDW occurs when a player gains credits on a spin, but fewer credits than their original wager (e.g. 15-cent gain on a 20-cent wager). These outcomes alter the gambler's play experience by providing frequent, albeit smaller, credit gains throughout a playing session that are in fact net losses. Despite this negative overall value, research has shown that players physiologically respond to LDWs as if they are wins, not losses. These outcomes also create a "smoother" experience for the player that seems to promote a highly absorbing, flow-like state that we have called "dark flow". Past research has indicated that there may be a relationship between problem gambling status and dark flow, as well as between dark flow, depression, and gambling expectancies. In this study, we sought to further understand these relationships, while examining the influence of LDWs on game preference in the context of single versus multiline slots play. We used a realistic slot machine simulator equipped with a force transducer to measure how hard players pressed the spin button following different outcomes. This measure of arousal showed that LDWs were treated similarly to small wins. Participants overwhelmingly preferred the multiline game and experienced more positive affect while playing it, compared to the single-line game. Problem gambling severity index scores were related to dark flow in both games, but this relationship was stronger for the multiline game. Additionally, depression symptomatology and dark flow were strongly correlated in the multiline game, with significant relationships between depression and gambling expectancy, and gambling expectancy and dark flow ratings also emerging.

  2. 6. Credit WCT. Original 21" x 2Y" color negative is ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    6. Credit WCT. Original 2-1" x 2-Y" color negative is housed in the JPL Photography Laboratory, Pasadena, California. JPL staff members Harold Anderson and John Morrow weigh out small amounts of an undetermined substance according to a solid propellant formula (JPL negative no. JPL-10277AC, 27 January 1989). - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Weigh & Control Building, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  3. KSC-2009-1875

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-02-25

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – On Launch Pad 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, a technician holds one of space shuttle Discovery's gaseous hydrogen flow control valves after its removal. Two of the three valves being removed will undergo detailed inspection. Part of the main propulsion system, the valves channel gaseous hydrogen from the main engines to the external tank. NASA and contractor teams have been working to identify what caused damage to a flow control valve on shuttle Endeavour during its November 2008 flight. Approximately 4,000 images of each valve removed will be reviewed for evidence of cracks. Valves that have flown fewer times will be installed in Discovery. NASA's Space Shuttle Program has established a plan that could support shuttle Discovery's launch to the International Space Station, tentatively targeted for March 12. An exact target launch date will be determined as work on the valves progresses. Photo credit: NASA/Dimitri Gerondidakis

  4. KSC-2009-1876

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-02-25

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – On Launch Pad 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, a technician holds one of space shuttle Discovery's gaseous hydrogen flow control valves after its removal. Two of the three valves being removed will undergo detailed inspection. Part of the main propulsion system, the valves channel gaseous hydrogen from the main engines to the external tank. NASA and contractor teams have been working to identify what caused damage to a flow control valve on shuttle Endeavour during its November 2008 flight. Approximately 4,000 images of each valve removed will be reviewed for evidence of cracks. Valves that have flown fewer times will be installed in Discovery. NASA's Space Shuttle Program has established a plan that could support shuttle Discovery's launch to the International Space Station, tentatively targeted for March 12. An exact target launch date will be determined as work on the valves progresses. Photo credit: NASA/Dimitri Gerondidakis

  5. KSC-2009-1874

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-02-25

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – On Launch Pad 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, a technician bags one of space shuttle Discovery's gaseous hydrogen flow control valves after its removal. Two of the three valves being removed will undergo detailed inspection. Part of the main propulsion system, the valves channel gaseous hydrogen from the main engines to the external tank. NASA and contractor teams have been working to identify what caused damage to a flow control valve on shuttle Endeavour during its November 2008 flight. Approximately 4,000 images of each valve removed will be reviewed for evidence of cracks. Valves that have flown fewer times will be installed in Discovery. NASA's Space Shuttle Program has established a plan that could support shuttle Discovery's launch to the International Space Station, tentatively targeted for March 12. An exact target launch date will be determined as work on the valves progresses. Photo credit: NASA/Dimitri Gerondidakis

  6. KSC-2009-1800

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-02-20

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – Mike Curie (far left), with NASA Public Affairs, moderates the flight readiness review news conference for space shuttle Discovery's STS-119 mission. On the panel are (from left) Associate Administrator for Space Operations Bill Gerstenmaier, Space Shuttle Program Manager John Shannon and Space Shuttle Launch Director Mike Leinbach. During a thorough review of Discovery's readiness for flight, NASA managers decided Feb. 20 more data and possible testing are required before proceeding to launch. Engineering teams have been working to identify what caused damage to a flow control valve on shuttle Endeavour during its November 2008 flight. A new launch date has not been determined. NASA managers decided Feb. 20 more data and possible testing are required before proceeding to launch. Engineering teams have been working to identify what caused damage to a flow control valve on shuttle Endeavour during its November 2008 flight. A new launch date has not been determined. Photo credit: NASA/Glenn Benson

  7. Washington, D.C. USA

    NASA Image and Video Library

    1984-10-13

    41G-40-071 (5-13 Oct. 1984) --- Washington, D.C. -- the nation's capital -- is at right center in this phtograph from the Earth-orbiting space shuttle Challenger. J.F. Dulles Airport at lower left. Andrews Air Force Base is at right center edge. The Potomac River enters at left center, flows past Washington and as a tidal estuary at lower right. Also visible are the Great Falls of the Potomac. Photo credit: NASA

  8. KSC-2012-5601

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-09-25

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians install the avionics shelf on the third stage of the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket which will launch the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base no earlier than Feb. 27, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. For more information, visit http://iris.gsfc.nasa.gov Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  9. KSC-2012-5602

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-09-25

    Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. – At Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, technicians install the avionics shelf on the third stage of the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket which will launch the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base no earlier than Feb. 27, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. For more information, visit http://iris.gsfc.nasa.gov Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  10. KSC-2013-2485

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-05-29

    VANDENBERG AFB, Calif. - An Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket undergoes launch preparations inside a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base for NASA's IRIS mission, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  11. KSC-2013-2486

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-05-29

    VANDENBERG AFB, Calif. - An Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket undergoes launch preparations inside a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base for NASA's IRIS mission, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  12. 40 CFR 86.1868-12 - CO2 credits for improving the efficiency of air conditioning systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ..., engine displacement, transmission class and configuration, interior volume, climate control system type... Creditvalue (g/mi) Reduced reheat, with externally-controlled, variable-displacement compressor (e.g. a compressor that controls displacement based on temperature setpoint and/or cooling demand of the air...

  13. 33 CFR 240.6 - General policy.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... they generally make reference to flood control “projects,” should be understood to have equivalent... subsequent maintenance of the creditable non-Federal flood control work will not be credited. In the event... GENERAL CREDIT FOR FLOOD CONTROL § 240.6 General policy. (a) Section 104 is applicable only to projects...

  14. 33 CFR 240.6 - General policy.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... they generally make reference to flood control “projects,” should be understood to have equivalent... subsequent maintenance of the creditable non-Federal flood control work will not be credited. In the event... GENERAL CREDIT FOR FLOOD CONTROL § 240.6 General policy. (a) Section 104 is applicable only to projects...

  15. 33 CFR 240.6 - General policy.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... they generally make reference to flood control “projects,” should be understood to have equivalent... subsequent maintenance of the creditable non-Federal flood control work will not be credited. In the event... GENERAL CREDIT FOR FLOOD CONTROL § 240.6 General policy. (a) Section 104 is applicable only to projects...

  16. 33 CFR 240.6 - General policy.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... they generally make reference to flood control “projects,” should be understood to have equivalent... subsequent maintenance of the creditable non-Federal flood control work will not be credited. In the event... GENERAL CREDIT FOR FLOOD CONTROL § 240.6 General policy. (a) Section 104 is applicable only to projects...

  17. 33 CFR 240.6 - General policy.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... they generally make reference to flood control “projects,” should be understood to have equivalent... subsequent maintenance of the creditable non-Federal flood control work will not be credited. In the event... GENERAL CREDIT FOR FLOOD CONTROL § 240.6 General policy. (a) Section 104 is applicable only to projects...

  18. 2. Credit PSR. The Administration/Shops Building appears here as the ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    2. Credit PSR. The Administration/Shops Building appears here as the camera looks east (84°). To the right in the view is the Guard House (Building 4279/E-80) which controls entry to the JPL facility. At left is a warehouse (Building 4287/E88). Overhead utility lines supply alternating current to the facility. - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Administration & Shops Building, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  19. Bandwidth turbulence control based on flow community structure in the Internet

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wu, Xiaoyu; Gu, Rentao; Ji, Yuefeng

    2016-10-01

    Bursty flows vary rapidly in short period of time, and cause fierce bandwidth turbulence in the Internet. In this letter, we model the flow bandwidth turbulence process by constructing a flow interaction network (FIN network), with nodes representing flows and edges denoting bandwidth interactions among them. To restrain the bandwidth turbulence in FIN networks, an immune control strategy based on flow community structure is proposed. Flows in community boundary positions are immunized to cut off the inter-community turbulence spreading. By applying this control strategy in the first- and the second-level flow communities separately, 97.2% flows can effectively avoid bandwidth variations by immunizing 21% flows, and the average bandwidth variation degree reaches near zero. To achieve a similar result, about 70%-90% immune flows are needed with targeted control strategy based on flow degrees and random control strategy. Moreover, simulation results showed that the control effect of the proposed strategy improves significantly if the immune flow number is relatively smaller in each control step.

  20. Market-based control mechanisms for patient safety

    PubMed Central

    Coiera, E; Braithwaite, J

    2009-01-01

    A new model is proposed for enhancing patient safety using market-based control (MBC), inspired by successful approaches to environmental governance. Emissions trading, enshrined in the Kyoto protocol, set a carbon price and created a carbon market—is it possible to set a patient safety price and let the marketplace find ways of reducing clinically adverse events? To “cap and trade,” a regulator would need to establish system-wide and organisation-specific targets, based on the cost of adverse events, create a safety market for trading safety credits and then police the market. Organisations are given a clear policy signal to reduce adverse event rates, are told by how much, but are free to find mechanisms best suited to their local needs. The market would inevitably generate novel ways of creating safety credits, and accountability becomes hard to evade when adverse events are explicitly measured and accounted for in an organisation’s bottom line. PMID:19342522

  1. KSC-2009-1505

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-02-03

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – Mike Curie (left), with NASA Public Affairs, introduces NASA managers following their day-long Flight Readiness Review of space shuttle Discovery for the STS-119 mission. Next to Curie are (from left) William H. Gerstenmaier, associate administrator for Space Operations, John Shannon, Shuttle Program manager, Mike Suffredini, program manager for the International Space Station, and Mike Leinbach, shuttle launch director. NASA managers decided to plan a launch no earlier than Feb. 19, pending additional analysis and particle impact testing associated with a flow control valve in the shuttle's main engine system. Photo credit: NASA/Cory Huston

  2. Access control mechanism of wireless gateway based on open flow

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Peng, Rong; Ding, Lei

    2017-08-01

    In order to realize the access control of wireless gateway and improve the access control of wireless gateway devices, an access control mechanism of SDN architecture which is based on Open vSwitch is proposed. The mechanism utilizes the features of the controller--centralized control and programmable. Controller send access control flow table based on the business logic. Open vSwitch helps achieve a specific access control strategy based on the flow table.

  3. 17 CFR 229.1114 - (Item 1114) Credit enhancement and other support, except for certain derivatives instruments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... liable to provide payments representing 10% or more of the cash flow supporting any offered class of... liable to provide payments representing 10% or more, but less than 20%, of the cash flow supporting any... liable or contingently liable to provide payments representing 20% or more of the cash flow supporting...

  4. USING ONLINE MARKETING TO INCREASE PARTICIPATION IN A WEB-BASED CONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATION CULTURAL COMPETENCE CURRICULUM

    PubMed Central

    Estrada, Carlos A.; Krishnamoorthy, Periyakaruppan; Smith, Ann; Staton, Lisa; Korf, Michele J.; Allison, Jeroan J.; Houston, Thomas K.

    2012-01-01

    Introduction CME providers may be interested in identifying effective marketing strategies to direct users to specific content. The use of online advertisements to recruit participants for clinical trials, public health programs, and Continuing Medical Education (CME) has been shown to be effective in some but not all studies. The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of two marketing strategies in the context of an online CME cultural competence curriculum (www.c-comp.org). Methods In an interrupted time-series quasi-experimental design, two marketing strategies were tested: a) wide dissemination to relevant organizations over a period of approximately four months, and b) Internet paid search using Google Ads (five consecutive eight-week periods--control 1, cultural/ CME advertisement, control 2, hypertension/ content advertisement, control 3). Outcome measures were CME credit requests, Web traffic (visits per day, page views, pages viewed per visit), and cost. Results Overall, the site was visited 19,156 times and 78,160 pages were viewed. During the wide dissemination phase, the proportion of visits requesting CME credit decreased between the first (5.3%) and second halves (3.3%) of this phase (p= .04). During the Internet paid search phase, the proportion of visits requesting CME credit was highest during the cultural/ CME advertisement period (control 1, 1.4%; cultural/CME ad, 4.3%; control 2, 1.5%; hypertension/content ad, 0.6%; control 3, 0.8%; p<.001). All measures of Web traffic changed during the Internet paid search phase (p<.01); however, changes were independent of the advertisement periods. The incremental cost for the cultural advertisement per CME credit requested was $0.64US. Discussion Internet advertisement focusing on cultural competence and CME was associated with about a three-fold increase in requests for CME credit at an incremental cost of under $1; however, Web traffic changes were independent of the advertisement strategy. PMID:21425356

  5. KSC-2013-2730

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-13

    VANDENBERG ABF, Calif. - The Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit is moved from a hangar onto a transporter at Vandenberg Air Force Base. IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  6. KSC-2013-2731

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-13

    VANDENBERG ABF, Calif. - The Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit is moved from a hangar onto a transporter at Vandenberg Air Force Base. IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  7. KSC-2013-2726

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-13

    VANDENBERG ABF, Calif. - The Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit is moved from a hangar onto a transporter at Vandenberg Air Force Base. IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  8. KSC-2013-2733

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-13

    VANDENBERG ABF, Calif. - The Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit is moved from a hangar onto a transporter at Vandenberg Air Force Base. IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  9. KSC-2013-2734

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-13

    VANDENBERG ABF, Calif. - The Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit is moved from a hangar onto a transporter at Vandenberg Air Force Base. IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  10. KSC-2013-2732

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-13

    VANDENBERG ABF, Calif. - The Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit is moved from a hangar onto a transporter at Vandenberg Air Force Base. IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  11. KSC-2013-2669

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-11

    VANDENBERG ABF, Calif. - The Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit in June is seen in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base. IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  12. KSC-2013-2668

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-11

    VANDENBERG ABF, Calif. - The Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit in June is seen in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base. IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  13. KSC-2013-2666

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-11

    VANDENBERG ABF, Calif. - The Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit in June is seen in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base. IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  14. KSC-2013-2665

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-11

    VANDENBERG ABF, Calif. - The Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit in June is seen in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base. IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  15. KSC-2013-2667

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-11

    VANDENBERG ABF, Calif. - The Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit in June is seen in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base. IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  16. KSC-2013-2727

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-13

    VANDENBERG ABF, Calif. - The Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit is moved from a hangar onto a transporter at Vandenberg Air Force Base. IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  17. Control mechanism to prevent correlated message arrivals from degrading signaling no. 7 network performance

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kosal, Haluk; Skoog, Ronald A.

    1994-04-01

    Signaling System No. 7 (SS7) is designed to provide a connection-less transfer of signaling messages of reasonable length. Customers having access to user signaling bearer capabilities as specified in the ANSI T1.623 and CCITT Q.931 standards can send bursts of correlated messages (e.g., by doing a file transfer that results in the segmentation of a block of data into a number of consecutive signaling messages) through SS7 networks. These message bursts with short interarrival times could have an adverse impact on the delay performance of the SS7 networks. A control mechanism, Credit Manager, is investigated in this paper to regulate incoming traffic to the SS7 network by imposing appropriate time separation between messages when the incoming stream is too bursty. The credit manager has a credit bank where credits accrue at a fixed rate up to a prespecified credit bank capacity. When a message arrives, the number of octets in that message is compared to the number of credits in the bank. If the number of credits is greater than or equal to the number of octets, then the message is accepted for transmission and the number of credits in the bank is decremented by the number of octets. If the number of credits is less than the number of octets, then the message is delayed until enough credits are accumulated. This paper presents simulation results showing delay performance of the SS7 ISUP and TCAP message traffic with a range of correlated message traffic, and control parameters of the credit manager (i.e., credit generation rate and bank capacity) are determined that ensure the traffic entering the SS7 network is acceptable. The results show that control parameters can be set so that for any incoming traffic stream there is no detrimental impact on the SS7 ISUP and TCAP message delay, and the credit manager accepts a wide range of traffic patterns without causing significant delay.

  18. Credit PSR. This view looks northeast (54°) at the open ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    Credit PSR. This view looks northeast (54°) at the open burn unit as it is seen on approach from Circle Drive. The metal shed in front of the earth mound personnel shield contained controls for a stove that was formerly used to burn scrap propellants in the adjacent pit (see HAER photo CA163-V-1). Regulations changed to permit open pit burning of such materials - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Incinerator, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  19. 41 CFR 109-38.800 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 38-MOTOR EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT 38.8-Standard Form 149, U.S. Government National Credit Card § 109-38... the administrative control of fleet credit cards. Administrative control shall include, as a minimum: (1) A reconciliation of on-hand credit cards with the inventory list provided by GSA, (2) Providing...

  20. 41 CFR 109-38.800 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 38-MOTOR EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT 38.8-Standard Form 149, U.S. Government National Credit Card § 109-38... the administrative control of fleet credit cards. Administrative control shall include, as a minimum: (1) A reconciliation of on-hand credit cards with the inventory list provided by GSA, (2) Providing...

  1. 41 CFR 109-38.800 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 38-MOTOR EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT 38.8-Standard Form 149, U.S. Government National Credit Card § 109-38... the administrative control of fleet credit cards. Administrative control shall include, as a minimum: (1) A reconciliation of on-hand credit cards with the inventory list provided by GSA, (2) Providing...

  2. 41 CFR 109-38.800 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 38-MOTOR EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT 38.8-Standard Form 149, U.S. Government National Credit Card § 109-38... the administrative control of fleet credit cards. Administrative control shall include, as a minimum: (1) A reconciliation of on-hand credit cards with the inventory list provided by GSA, (2) Providing...

  3. Flammable gas technical basis document

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    CARRO, C.A.

    2003-03-22

    This document qualitatively evaluates the frequency and consequences of DST and SST representative flammable gas accidents and associated represented hazardous conditions without controls. Based on the evaluation, it was determined that safety-significant SSCs and/or TSRs were required to prevent or mitigate flammable gas accidents. Controls were selected and the accidents re-evaluated taking credit for the controls.

  4. An Approach for Validating Actinide and Fission Product Burnup Credit Criticality Safety Analyses-Isotopic Composition Predictions

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Radulescu, Georgeta; Gauld, Ian C; Ilas, Germina

    2011-01-01

    The expanded use of burnup credit in the United States (U.S.) for storage and transport casks, particularly in the acceptance of credit for fission products, has been constrained by the availability of experimental fission product data to support code validation. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) staff has noted that the rationale for restricting the Interim Staff Guidance on burnup credit for storage and transportation casks (ISG-8) to actinide-only is based largely on the lack of clear, definitive experiments that can be used to estimate the bias and uncertainty for computational analyses associated with using burnup credit. To address themore » issues of burnup credit criticality validation, the NRC initiated a project with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory to (1) develop and establish a technically sound validation approach for commercial spent nuclear fuel (SNF) criticality safety evaluations based on best-available data and methods and (2) apply the approach for representative SNF storage and transport configurations/conditions to demonstrate its usage and applicability, as well as to provide reference bias results. The purpose of this paper is to describe the isotopic composition (depletion) validation approach and resulting observations and recommendations. Validation of the criticality calculations is addressed in a companion paper at this conference. For isotopic composition validation, the approach is to determine burnup-dependent bias and uncertainty in the effective neutron multiplication factor (keff) due to bias and uncertainty in isotopic predictions, via comparisons of isotopic composition predictions (calculated) and measured isotopic compositions from destructive radiochemical assay utilizing as much assay data as is available, and a best-estimate Monte Carlo based method. This paper (1) provides a detailed description of the burnup credit isotopic validation approach and its technical bases, (2) describes the application of the approach for representative pressurized water reactor and boiling water reactor safety analysis models to demonstrate its usage and applicability, (3) provides reference bias and uncertainty results based on a quality-assurance-controlled prerelease version of the Scale 6.1 code package and the ENDF/B-VII nuclear cross section data.« less

  5. 25 CFR 542.15 - What are the minimum internal control standards for credit?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ...) Documentation of authorization by a person designated by management to approve credit limits; and (v) Credit... approved by personnel designated by management. (4) Proper approval of credit extensions over ten percent... that require access and are so authorized by management; (ii) Outstanding credit instruments shall be...

  6. 25 CFR 542.15 - What are the minimum internal control standards for credit?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ...) Documentation of authorization by a person designated by management to approve credit limits; and (v) Credit... approved by personnel designated by management. (4) Proper approval of credit extensions over ten percent... that require access and are so authorized by management; (ii) Outstanding credit instruments shall be...

  7. 25 CFR 542.15 - What are the minimum internal control standards for credit?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ...) Documentation of authorization by a person designated by management to approve credit limits; and (v) Credit... approved by personnel designated by management. (4) Proper approval of credit extensions over ten percent... that require access and are so authorized by management; (ii) Outstanding credit instruments shall be...

  8. 25 CFR 542.15 - What are the minimum internal control standards for credit?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ...) Documentation of authorization by a person designated by management to approve credit limits; and (v) Credit... approved by personnel designated by management. (4) Proper approval of credit extensions over ten percent... that require access and are so authorized by management; (ii) Outstanding credit instruments shall be...

  9. 25 CFR 542.15 - What are the minimum internal control standards for credit?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ...) Documentation of authorization by a person designated by management to approve credit limits; and (v) Credit... approved by personnel designated by management. (4) Proper approval of credit extensions over ten percent... that require access and are so authorized by management; (ii) Outstanding credit instruments shall be...

  10. Self-control and credit-card use among college students.

    PubMed

    Mansfield, Phylis M; Pinto, Mary Beth; Parente, Diane H

    2003-06-01

    This study assessed the relationship between self-control and credit-card use with a convenience sample of 165 traditional-age college students of whom 69 (42%) were women. Students' self-control was measured on Grasmick, et al.'s Self-control Scale, which has six subscales, one of which is Impulsivity. Comparisons were made between those students who paid their cards off each month, called convenience users, and those who carried a monthly balance forward on scores on total self-control and impulsivity, and number of credit cards possessed. A significant difference in self-control scores was found between these two groups and also for mean impulsivity scores. Significantly fewer credit cards were possessed by students who paid their cards off each month than by those who carried a monthly balance.

  11. 2. Credit JPL. Photographic copy of photograph, looking northeast at ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    2. Credit JPL. Photographic copy of photograph, looking northeast at unfinished original Test Stand 'C' construction. A portion of the corrugated steel tunnel tube connecting Test Stand 'C' to the first phase of JPL tunnel system construction is visible in the foreground. The steel frame used to support propellant tanks and engine equipment has been erected. The open trap door leads to a chamber inside the Test Stand 'C' base where gaseous nitrogen is distributed via manifolds to Test Stand 'C' control valves. (JPL negative no. 384-1568-A, 19 March 1957) - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Test Stand C, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  12. International Data Base for the U.S. Renewable Energy Industry

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    none

    1986-05-01

    The International Data Base for the US Renewable Energy Industry was developed to provide the US renewable energy industry with background data for identifying and analyzing promising foreign market opportunities for their products and services. Specifically, the data base provides the following information for 161 developed and developing countries: (1) General Country Data--consisting of general energy indicators; (2) Energy Demand Data--covering commercial primary energy consumption; (3) Energy Resource Data--identifying annual average insolation, wind power, and river flow data; (4) Power System Data--indicating a wide range of electrical parameters; and (5) Business Data--including currency and credit worthiness data.

  13. Comparison of answer-until-correct and full-credit assessments in a team-based learning course.

    PubMed

    Farland, Michelle Z; Barlow, Patrick B; Levi Lancaster, T; Franks, Andrea S

    2015-03-25

    To assess the impact of awarding partial credit to team assessments on team performance and on quality of team interactions using an answer-until-correct method compared to traditional methods of grading (multiple-choice, full-credit). Subjects were students from 3 different offerings of an ambulatory care elective course, taught using team-based learning. The control group (full-credit) consisted of those enrolled in the course when traditional methods of assessment were used (2 course offerings). The intervention group consisted of those enrolled in the course when answer-until-correct method was used for team assessments (1 course offering). Study outcomes included student performance on individual and team readiness assurance tests (iRATs and tRATs), individual and team final examinations, and student assessment of quality of team interactions using the Team Performance Scale. Eighty-four students enrolled in the courses were included in the analysis (full-credit, n=54; answer-until-correct, n=30). Students who used traditional methods of assessment performed better on iRATs (full-credit mean 88.7 (5.9), answer-until-correct mean 82.8 (10.7), p<0.001). Students who used answer-until-correct method of assessment performed better on the team final examination (full-credit mean 45.8 (1.5), answer-until-correct 47.8 (1.4), p<0.001). There was no significant difference in performance on tRATs and the individual final examination. Students who used the answer-until-correct method had higher quality of team interaction ratings (full-credit 97.1 (9.1), answer-until-correct 103.0 (7.8), p=0.004). Answer-until-correct assessment method compared to traditional, full-credit methods resulted in significantly lower scores for iRATs, similar scores on tRATs and individual final examinations, improved scores on team final examinations, and improved perceptions of the quality of team interactions.

  14. 4. Credit BG. View looking northwest at Control and Recording ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    4. Credit BG. View looking northwest at Control and Recording Center 4221/E-22, as seen from Test Stand 'C' tower. The Test Stand 'C' workshop 4213/E-14 appears at lower left of the image. To the south of 4221/E-22 lies Blower House No. 2, Building 4226/E-27, used for ventilating the tunnel system which connected 4221/E-22 to all test stands. At the southeast corner of 4221/E-22 is the Booster Pumping Station, Building 4227/E-28. To the northwest of 4221/E-22 is a Water Storage Tank, Building 4289/E-90 which supplies the water and firefighting systems at the JPL Edwards facility. - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Control & Recording Center, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  15. 78 FR 21617 - Notice of Proposed Information Collection: Comment Request; Final Endorsement of Credit Instrument

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-11

    ... Information Collection: Comment Request; Final Endorsement of Credit Instrument AGENCY: Office of the... Proposal: Final Endorsement of Credit Instrument. OMB Control Number, if applicable: 2502-0016. Description... Endorsement of Credit Instrument'' form is used to request to request final endorsement by HUD of the credit...

  16. 13 CFR 147.610 - Controlled substance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Controlled substance. 147.610 Section 147.610 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (NONPROCUREMENT) Definitions § 147.610 Controlled substance. Controlled...

  17. Credit-Based Systems as Vehicles for Change in Universities and Colleges. Managing Innovation and Change in Universities and Colleges.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Allen, Robert; Layer, Geoff

    This book discusses organizational, management and professional dimensions of change as credit-based systems are introduced in higher education institutions in the United Kingdom. Credit-based systems are taken to mean the flexible academic structures based around the parallel but interrelated concepts of credit and modularity. They are being…

  18. Flammable Gas Technical Basis Document

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    CARRO, C.A.

    2003-07-30

    This document qualitatively evaluates the frequency and consequences of DST and SST representative flammable gas accidents and associated represented hazardous conditions without controls. Based on the evaluation, it was determined that safety-significant SSCs and/or TSRs were required to prevent or mitigate flammable gas accidents. Controls were selected and the accidents re-evaluated taking credit for the controls. Revision 1 incorporates comments received from ORP.

  19. Economic feasibility of solar water and space heating.

    PubMed

    Bezdek, R H; Hirshberg, A S; Babcock, W H

    1979-03-23

    The economic feasibility in 1977 and 1978 of solar water and combined water and space heating is analyzed for single-family detached residences and multi-family apartment buildings in four representative U.S. cities: Boston, Massachusetts; Washington, D.C.; Grand Junction, Colorado; and Los Angeles, California. Three economic decision criteria are utilized: payback period, years to recovery of down payment, and years to net positive cash flow. The cost competitiveness of the solar systems compared to heating systems based on electricity, fuel oil, and natural gas is then discussed for each city, and the impact of the federal tax credit for solar energy systems is assessed. It is found that even without federal incentives some solar water and space heating systems are competitive. Enactment of the solar tax credit, however, greatly enhances their competitiveness. The implications of these findings for government tax and energy pricing policies are discussed.

  20. Leasing versus Borrowing: Evaluating Alternative Forms of Consumer Credit.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Nunnally, Bennie H., Jr.; Plath, D. Anthony

    1989-01-01

    Presents a straightforward method for evaluating lease versus borrow (buy) decisions illustrated with actual financing cost data reported to new car purchasers. States that individuals should consider after-tax cash flows associated with alternative arrangements, time in which cash flow occurs, and opportunity cost of capital to identify the least…

  1. 4. (Credit SHR) The McNeil Street Station in 1896, north ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    4. (Credit SHR) The McNeil Street Station in 1896, north elevation. Note the offset filter house on the left, added in 1889-1890 to house four Hyatt upward flow pressure filters. It is adjacent to the high service pump room. (From: Shreveport Times, May 20, 1896, Railroad and Souvenir Edition) - McNeil Street Pumping Station, McNeil Street & Cross Bayou, Shreveport, Caddo Parish, LA

  2. 96. (Credit BLV) View locking West at Cross Lake dam ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    96. (Credit BLV) View locking West at Cross Lake dam and spillway constructed immediately west of Kansas City Southern railroad bridge. Booster station located at left. Note cribbing at bridge abutment in upper left which straddles gravity flow canduit installed in 1924-1926 and supports extra suction line (installed in 1930) on top. - McNeil Street Pumping Station, McNeil Street & Cross Bayou, Shreveport, Caddo Parish, LA

  3. A user credit assessment model based on clustering ensemble for broadband network new media service supervision

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Liu, Fang; Cao, San-xing; Lu, Rui

    2012-04-01

    This paper proposes a user credit assessment model based on clustering ensemble aiming to solve the problem that users illegally spread pirated and pornographic media contents within the user self-service oriented broadband network new media platforms. Its idea is to do the new media user credit assessment by establishing indices system based on user credit behaviors, and the illegal users could be found according to the credit assessment results, thus to curb the bad videos and audios transmitted on the network. The user credit assessment model based on clustering ensemble proposed by this paper which integrates the advantages that swarm intelligence clustering is suitable for user credit behavior analysis and K-means clustering could eliminate the scattered users existed in the result of swarm intelligence clustering, thus to realize all the users' credit classification automatically. The model's effective verification experiments are accomplished which are based on standard credit application dataset in UCI machine learning repository, and the statistical results of a comparative experiment with a single model of swarm intelligence clustering indicates this clustering ensemble model has a stronger creditworthiness distinguishing ability, especially in the aspect of predicting to find user clusters with the best credit and worst credit, which will facilitate the operators to take incentive measures or punitive measures accurately. Besides, compared with the experimental results of Logistic regression based model under the same conditions, this clustering ensemble model is robustness and has better prediction accuracy.

  4. The Combination of Micro Diaphragm Pumps and Flow Sensors for Single Stroke Based Liquid Flow Control

    PubMed Central

    Jenke, Christoph; Pallejà Rubio, Jaume; Kibler, Sebastian; Häfner, Johannes; Richter, Martin; Kutter, Christoph

    2017-01-01

    With the combination of micropumps and flow sensors, highly accurate and secure closed-loop controlled micro dosing systems for liquids are possible. Implementing a single stroke based control mode with piezoelectrically driven micro diaphragm pumps can provide a solution for dosing of volumes down to nanoliters or variable average flow rates in the range of nL/min to μL/min. However, sensor technologies feature a yet undetermined accuracy for measuring highly pulsatile micropump flow. Two miniaturizable in-line sensor types providing electrical readout—differential pressure based flow sensors and thermal calorimetric flow sensors—are evaluated for their suitability of combining them with mircopumps. Single stroke based calibration of the sensors was carried out with a new method, comparing displacement volumes and sensor flow volumes. Limitations of accuracy and performance for single stroke based flow control are described. Results showed that besides particle robustness of sensors, controlling resistive and capacitive damping are key aspects for setting up reproducible and reliable liquid dosing systems. Depending on the required average flow or defined volume, dosing systems with an accuracy of better than 5% for the differential pressure based sensor and better than 6.5% for the thermal calorimeter were achieved. PMID:28368344

  5. Visualizing Coolant Flow in Sodium Reactor Subassemblies

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    None

    2010-01-01

    Uniformity of temperature controls peak power output. Interchannel cross-flow is the principal cross-assembly energy transport mechanism. The areas of fastest flow all occur at the exterior of the assembly. Further, the fast moving region winds around the assembly in a continuous swath. This Nek5000 simulation uses an unstructured mesh with over one billion grid points, resulting in five billion degrees of freedom per time slice. High speed patches of turbulence due to vertex shedding downstream of the wires persist for about a quarter of the wire-wrap periodic length. Credits: Science: Paul Fisher and Aleks Obabko, Argonne National Laboratory. Visualization: Hankmore » Childs and Janet Jacobsen, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. This research used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility at Argonne National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Dept. of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. This research was sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Nuclear Energy's NEAMS program.« less

  6. 40 CFR 1036.745 - End-of-year CO2 credit deficits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 34 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false End-of-year CO2 credit deficits. 1036... POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE HEAVY-DUTY HIGHWAY ENGINES Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification § 1036.745 End-of-year CO2 credit deficits. Except as allowed by this...

  7. 40 CFR 1036.745 - End-of-year CO2 credit deficits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 34 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false End-of-year CO2 credit deficits. 1036... POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE HEAVY-DUTY HIGHWAY ENGINES Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification § 1036.745 End-of-year CO2 credit deficits. Except as allowed by this...

  8. 40 CFR 1036.745 - End-of-year CO2 credit deficits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 33 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false End-of-year CO2 credit deficits. 1036... POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE HEAVY-DUTY HIGHWAY ENGINES Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification § 1036.745 End-of-year CO2 credit deficits. Except as allowed by this...

  9. KSC-2013-2627

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – Detail of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  10. KSC-2013-2620

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – Detail of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  11. KSC-2013-2625

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – Detail of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  12. KSC-2013-2204

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-04-25

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- Half of the fairing that will be fitted to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket is ready for its installation around the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft. The fairing will protect the spacecraft from atmospheric heating and stress during launch. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  13. 75 FR 2723 - Fair Credit Reporting Risk-Based Pricing Regulations

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-01-15

    ... application, grant, extension, or other provision of credit and, based in whole or in part on the consumer....\\1\\ \\1\\ Under Sec. 615(a) of the FCRA, creditors that deny a consumer's application for credit, based... with an application for, or a grant, extension, or other provision of, credit to a consumer; and (ii...

  14. 3. Credit JPL. Photographic copy of photograph, view south into ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    3. Credit JPL. Photographic copy of photograph, view south into oxidizer tank enclosure and controls on the north side of Test Stand 'C' shortly after the stand's construction in 1957 (oxidizer contents not determined). To the extreme left appear fittings for mounting an engine for tests. Note the robust stainless steel flanges and fittings necessary to contain highly pressurized corrosive chemicals. (JPL negative no. 384-1608-C, 29 August 1957) - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Test Stand C, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  15. Community Structure of a Bank-Firm Credit Network in Japan

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Iyetomi, Hiroshi; Matsuura, Yuki

    2014-03-01

    We study temporal change of community structure in a Japanese credit network formed by banks and listed firms through their financial relations over the last 30 years. The credit connectedness is regarded as a potenital source of systemic risk. Our network is a bipartite graph consisting of two species of nodes connected with bidirectional links. The direction of links is identified with that of risk flows and their weights are relative credit/loan with respect to the targets. In a partial credit network obtained only with the links pointing from firms toward banks, the city banks forms one major community in most of the time period to share risk when firms go wrong. On the other hand, a partial network only with the links from banks toward firms is decomposed into communities of similar size each of which has its own city bank, reflecting the main-bank system in Japan. Finally we take overlapping parts of the two community sets to find cores of the risk concentration in the credit network. This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 22300080.

  16. Setting up the criteria and credit-awarding scheme for building interior material selection to achieve better indoor air quality.

    PubMed

    Niu, J L; Burnett, J

    2001-06-01

    Methods, standards, and regulations that are aimed to reduce indoor air pollution from building materials are critically reviewed. These are classified as content control and emission control. Methods and standards can be found in both of these two classes. In the regulation domain, only content control is enforced in some countries and some regions, and asbestos is the only building material that is banned for building use. The controlled pollutants include heavy metals, radon, formaldehyde, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Emission rate control based upon environment chamber testing is very much in the nature of voluntary product labeling and ranking, and this mainly targets formaldehyde and VOC emissions. It is suggested that radon emission from building materials should be subject to similar emission rate control. A comprehensive set criteria and credit-awarding scheme that encourages the use of low-emission building material is synthesized, and how this scheme can be practiced in building design is proposed and discussed.

  17. Marketing to increase participation in a Web-based continuing medical education cultural competence curriculum.

    PubMed

    Estrada, Carlos A; Krishnamoorthy, Periyakaruppan; Smith, Ann; Staton, Lisa; Korf, Michele J; Allison, Jeroan J; Houston, Thomas K

    2011-01-01

    CME providers may be interested in identifying effective marketing strategies to direct users to specific content. Online advertisements for recruiting participants into activities such as clinical trials, public health programs, and continuing medical education (CME) have been effective in some but not all studies. The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of 2 marketing strategies in the context of an online CME cultural competence curriculum (www.c-comp.org). In an interrupted time-series quasi-experimental design, 2 marketing strategies were tested: (1) wide dissemination to relevant organizations over a period of approximately 4 months, and (2) Internet paid search using Google Ads (5 consecutive 8-week periods--control 1, cultural/CME advertisement, control 2, hypertension/ content advertisement, control 3). Outcome measures were CME credit requests, Web traffic (visits per day, page views, pages viewed per visit), and cost. Overall, the site was visited 19,156 times and 78,160 pages were viewed. During the wide dissemination phase, the proportion of visits requesting CME credit decreased between the first (5.3%) and second (3.3%) halves of this phase (p = .04). During the Internet paid search phase, the proportion of visits requesting CME credit was highest during the cultural/CME advertisement period (control 1, 1.4%; cultural/CME ad, 4.3%; control 2, 1.5%; hypertension/content ad, 0.6%; control 3, 0.8%; p < .001). All measures of Web traffic changed during the Internet paid search phase (p < .01); however, changes were independent of the advertisement periods. The incremental cost for the cultural advertisement per CME credit requested was US $0.64. Internet advertisement focusing on cultural competence and CME was associated with about a threefold increase in requests for CME credit at an incremental cost of under US $1; however, Web traffic changes were independent of the advertisement strategy. Copyright © 2011 The Alliance for Continuing Medical Education, the Society for Academic Continuing Medical Education, and the Council on CME, Association for Hospital Medical Education.

  18. 78 FR 62841 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc.; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change To...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-10-22

    ... a credit available to all members, regardless of their trading volumes, that exceeds the base credit... million, shares of liquidity during the month, which is a higher rate than the base rate of $0.0007 per... credit exceeds the base rate of $0.0007, the difference is not unfairly discriminatory because the credit...

  19. Credit Card Misuse, Money Attitudes, and Compulsive Buying Behaviors: A Comparison of Internal and External Locus of Control (LOC) Consumers

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Watson, Stevie

    2009-01-01

    This study examined attitudinal and behavioral differences between internal and external locus of control (LOC) consumers on credit card misuse, the importance of money, and compulsive buying. Using multiple analysis of variance and separate analyses of variance, internal LOC consumers were found to have lower scores on credit card misuse and…

  20. Automated Pollution Control

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1997-01-01

    Patterned after the Cassini Resource Exchange (CRE), Sholtz and Associates established the Automated Credit Exchange (ACE), an Internet-based concept that automates the auctioning of "pollution credits" in Southern California. An early challenge of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Cassini mission was allocating the spacecraft's resources. To support the decision-making process, the CRE was developed. The system removes the need for the science instrument manager to know the individual instruments' requirements for the spacecraft resources. Instead, by utilizing principles of exchange, the CRE induces the instrument teams to reveal their requirements. In doing so, they arrive at an efficient allocation of spacecraft resources by trading among themselves. A Southern California RECLAIM air pollution credit trading market has been set up using same bartering methods utilized in the Cassini mission in order to help companies keep pollution and costs down.

  1. Investigating Flow-Structure Interactions in Cerebral Aneurysms

    ScienceCinema

    None

    2018-06-05

    Visualization of blood flow in a cerebral aneurysm. Streamlines (colored by fluid velocity magnitude) reveal the complexity of the flow, isocontours of vorticity show blood vortex structures (colored by pressure), and the flexible arterial wall is colored by the stress magnitude, where regions in red indicate areas of high stress. Credits: Science: Paris Perdikaris, Yue Yu, George Em. Karniadakis and Leopold Grinberg Visualization: Joseph A. Insley and Michael E. Papka

  2. Improving cash flow in a down economy. How HIM can help reduce denials.

    PubMed

    Dunn, Rose

    2009-03-01

    Maybe HIM professionals can't ease tight credit or reduce bad debt, but they can make sure their organizations get full, correct reimbursement on the first submission. HIM professionals help improve cash flow by contributing to revenue cycle management n these tough economic times-when increases in bad

  3. 75 FR 48733 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGA Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-11

    ... competitive pricing structure designed to incent market participants to direct their order flow to the... highly competitive market in which market participants can readily direct order flow to competing venues... to all Members. The Exchange believes the fees and credits remain competitive with those charged by...

  4. 76 FR 47285 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGX Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-04

    ... competitive pricing structure designed to incent market participants to direct their order flow to the... a highly competitive market in which market participants can readily direct order flow to competing... uniformly to all Members. The Exchange believes the fees and credits remain competitive with those charged...

  5. Diploma Recovery: High School Graduates' Perceptions of Online Credit Recovery Programming

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Currier, Clay W.

    2017-01-01

    This phenomenological case study explored student experiences in a technology-based credit recovery program at several central Texas high schools. Students shared their perceptions about utilizing technology-based credit recovery environments. Participants in this study were ten high school graduates who had completed credit recovery courses at…

  6. Credit scoring analysis using weighted k nearest neighbor

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mukid, M. A.; Widiharih, T.; Rusgiyono, A.; Prahutama, A.

    2018-05-01

    Credit scoring is a quatitative method to evaluate the credit risk of loan applications. Both statistical methods and artificial intelligence are often used by credit analysts to help them decide whether the applicants are worthy of credit. These methods aim to predict future behavior in terms of credit risk based on past experience of customers with similar characteristics. This paper reviews the weighted k nearest neighbor (WKNN) method for credit assessment by considering the use of some kernels. We use credit data from a private bank in Indonesia. The result shows that the Gaussian kernel and rectangular kernel have a better performance based on the value of percentage corrected classified whose value is 82.4% respectively.

  7. Research on software behavior trust based on hierarchy evaluation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Long, Ke; Xu, Haishui

    2017-08-01

    In view of the correlation software behavior, we evaluate software behavior credibility from two levels of control flow and data flow. In control flow level, method of the software behavior of trace based on support vector machine (SVM) is proposed. In data flow level, behavioral evidence evaluation based on fuzzy decision analysis method is put forward.

  8. 12 CFR 630.5 - Accuracy of reports and assessment of internal control over financial reporting.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Accuracy of reports and assessment of internal control over financial reporting. 630.5 Section 630.5 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM DISCLOSURE TO INVESTORS IN SYSTEMWIDE AND CONSOLIDATED BANK DEBT OBLIGATIONS OF THE FARM CREDIT SYSTEM General § 630.5 Accuracy of...

  9. 12 CFR 630.5 - Accuracy of reports and assessment of internal control over financial reporting.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Accuracy of reports and assessment of internal control over financial reporting. 630.5 Section 630.5 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM DISCLOSURE TO INVESTORS IN SYSTEMWIDE AND CONSOLIDATED BANK DEBT OBLIGATIONS OF THE FARM CREDIT SYSTEM General § 630.5 Accuracy of...

  10. 31 CFR 545.414 - Loans or extensions of credit.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ...) OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY TALIBAN (AFGHANISTAN) SANCTIONS REGULATIONS... loans or extensions of credit to a person in the territory of Afghanistan controlled by the Taliban...

  11. 40 CFR 1054.740 - What special provisions apply for generating and using emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    .... Calculate the value of transitional emission credits as described in § 1054.705, based on setting STD equal... enduring credits as described in § 1054.705, based on setting STD equal to 10.0 g/kW-hr and FEL to the... transitional emission credits as described in § 1054.705, based on setting STD equal to 11.0 g/kW-hr and FEL...

  12. A Model of Lease versus Buy in Federal Government Construction Decisions.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1985-09-01

    services . Probably the most widely known restriction on spending in local government resulted from passage of California’s Proposition 13, approved by...Contract Cash Flow .... 71 8 C., Leasing is a standard methcd of acquiring needed assets and services in both the private and public sectors. This thesis...recent changes in the federal tax code, leasing prcwides a means by which private industry can sell tax credits. Trtis sale of tax credits has allowed

  13. Automotive Power Flow System; Auto Mechanics I: 9043.04.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Dade County Public Schools, Miami, FL.

    This automotive power flow system course sets the foundation in the theory of operation of the standard and automatic transmission, clutch assemblies, drive-line and rear axle assemblies. This is a one or two quinmester credit course covering 45 clock hours. In the fourth quinmester course in the tenth year, instruction consists of lectures,…

  14. 78 FR 21393 - Notice of Submission of Proposed Information Collection to OMB Ginnie Mae Multiclass Securities...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-10

    ..., allowing the private sector to combine and restructure cash flows from Ginnie Mae Single Class MBS into... program, Ginnie Mae guarantees, with the full faith and credit of the United States, the timely payment of... combine and restructure cash flows from Ginnie Mae Single Class MBS into securities that meet unique...

  15. s70-56407

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-09-11

    S70-56407 (December 1970) --- Astronauts Richard F. Gordon Jr., left, and Harrison H. Schmitt ? backup crew members for the Apollo 15 mission -- get ?feet-on? experience with an a'a' lava flow during geology training in Hawaii. A?a? is the most common appearance type of lava flow that cools down, to form fragmented, often spiny or rough surfaces. Photo credit: NASA

  16. 78 FR 21993 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; BOX Options Exchange LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-12

    ... greater than $0.01 (i.e., all non-Penny Pilot Classes, and Penny Pilot Classes where the trade price is... intense competition on price (and other dimensions of competition) to attract order flow from order flow... II (Liquidity Fees and Credits) that when a non-immediately marketable order executes against a PIP...

  17. KSC-2013-2728

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-13

    VANDENBERG ABF, Calif. - The Orbital Sciences launch team monitors the Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit as the rocket and payload are moved from a hangar onto a transporter at Vandenberg Air Force Base. IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  18. KSC-2013-2725

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-13

    VANDENBERG ABF, Calif. - The Orbital Sciences launch team monitors the Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit as the rocket and payload are moved from a hangar onto a transporter at Vandenberg Air Force Base. IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  19. KSC-2013-2483

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-05-29

    VANDENBERG AFB, Calif. - A mission logo decal for the launch of NASA's IRIS solar observatory aboard an Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket. The decal is on the side of the Pegasus. Engineers are working inside a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  20. KSC-2013-2484

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-05-29

    VANDENBERG AFB, Calif. - A mission logo decal for the launch of NASA's IRIS solar observatory aboard an Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket. The decal is on the side of the Pegasus. Engineers are working inside a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  1. KSC-2013-2729

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-13

    VANDENBERG ABF, Calif. - The Orbital Sciences launch team monitors the Pegasus XL rocket that will lift NASA's IRIS solar observatory into orbit as the rocket and payload are moved from a hangar onto a transporter at Vandenberg Air Force Base. IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch from Vandenberg June 26. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  2. KSC-2013-2205

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-04-25

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, is being readied for mating to the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket that will launch the spacecraft. A fairing will be fitted to the nose of the Pegasus to protect the spacecraft from atmospheric heating and stress during launch. Upcoming work includes electrical verification testing. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  3. KSC-2013-2206

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-04-25

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, is being readied for mating to the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket that will launch the spacecraft. A fairing will be fitted to the nose of the Pegasus to protect the spacecraft from atmospheric heating and stress during launch. Upcoming work includes electrical verification testing. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  4. KSC-2013-2203

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-04-25

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, is being readied for mating to the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket that will launch the spacecraft. IRIS will be covered in a fairing after it's connected to the nose of the Pegasus to protect the spacecraft from atmospheric heating and stress during launch. Upcoming work includes electrical verification testing. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  5. KSC-2013-2207

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-04-25

    VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, is being readied for mating to the Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL rocket that will launch the spacecraft. A fairing will be fitted to the nose of the Pegasus to protect the spacecraft from atmospheric heating and stress during launch. Upcoming work includes electrical verification testing. IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: VAFB/Randy Beaudoin

  6. 8. Credit JPL. Photographic copy of photograph, view west down ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    8. Credit JPL. Photographic copy of photograph, view west down from Test Stand 'A' tower across newly installed tunnel tube to corner of Building 4201/E-2, Test Stand 'A' Workshop (demolished in 1985). Note the wooden retaining structure erected in the foreground to retain earth once the tunnel trench is backfilled (this retaining wall remained in 1994). Note also the propellant control piping on the Test Stand 'A' platform in the immediate foreground. (JPL negative no. 384-1547-C, 6 February 1957) - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Test Stand A, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  7. Credit PSR. This image depicts the southwest and southeast facades ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    Credit PSR. This image depicts the southwest and southeast facades as seen when looking north. The concrete block lean-to in the foreground is the facility control room. Between this room and the X-ray room is a four foot thick concrete wall (which can be seen as a "step" between the lowest and highest roof planes) intended as X-ray shielding for operators. The X-ray chamber faces away from the JPL Edwards Facility toward a fenced desert area - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Radiographic Inspection Building, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  8. Credit PSR. This view shows the southeast and northeast facades ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    Credit PSR. This view shows the southeast and northeast facades of building as seen when looking west (264°). The open double doors reveal the curing room, which was kept at ambient temperatures. A maximum of 10,000 pounds (4,545 Kg) of class 1.1 propellants were permitted in this room, along with a maximum of 4 people. A separate room at the west end of the building housed temperature control equipment. Note the lightning rods on roof corners - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Solid Propellant Conditioning Building, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  9. 76 FR 67600 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Texas; Regulations for Control of Air...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-02

    ... July 22, 1998, revision allows for the use of Discrete Emission Reduction Credits (DERC) to exceed... creates a new section at 116.116(f) that allows Discrete Emission Reduction Credits (DERCs) to be used to...-term emission credits (called discrete emission reduction credits, or DERCs, in the Texas program) by...

  10. 33 CFR Appendix B to Part 240 - Formulas for Determining Amount of Allowable Credit

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    .... Ordinarily, the result will simply be a transfer of equivalent responsibilities between the Corps and non..., DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE GENERAL CREDIT FOR FLOOD CONTROL Pt. 240, App. B Appendix B to Part 240—Formulas for Determining Amount of Allowable Credit 1. General. The amount of credit that non...

  11. 33 CFR Appendix B to Part 240 - Formulas for Determining Amount of Allowable Credit

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    .... Ordinarily, the result will simply be a transfer of equivalent responsibilities between the Corps and non..., DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE GENERAL CREDIT FOR FLOOD CONTROL Pt. 240, App. B Appendix B to Part 240—Formulas for Determining Amount of Allowable Credit 1. General. The amount of credit that non...

  12. 33 CFR Appendix B to Part 240 - Formulas for Determining Amount of Allowable Credit

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    .... Ordinarily, the result will simply be a transfer of equivalent responsibilities between the Corps and non..., DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE GENERAL CREDIT FOR FLOOD CONTROL Pt. 240, App. B Appendix B to Part 240—Formulas for Determining Amount of Allowable Credit 1. General. The amount of credit that non...

  13. 33 CFR Appendix B to Part 240 - Formulas for Determining Amount of Allowable Credit

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    .... Ordinarily, the result will simply be a transfer of equivalent responsibilities between the Corps and non..., DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE GENERAL CREDIT FOR FLOOD CONTROL Pt. 240, App. B Appendix B to Part 240—Formulas for Determining Amount of Allowable Credit 1. General. The amount of credit that non...

  14. Impact Analysis of Flow Shaping in Ethernet-AVB/TSN and AFDX from Network Calculus and Simulation Perspective

    PubMed Central

    He, Feng; Zhao, Lin; Li, Ershuai

    2017-01-01

    Ethernet-AVB/TSN (Audio Video Bridging/Time-Sensitive Networking) and AFDX (Avionics Full DupleX switched Ethernet) are switched Ethernet technologies, which are both candidates for real-time communication in the context of transportation systems. AFDX implements a fixed priority scheduling strategy with two priority levels. Ethernet-AVB/TSN supports a similar fixed priority scheduling with an additional Credit-Based Shaper (CBS) mechanism. Besides, TSN can support time-triggered scheduling strategy. One direct effect of CBS mechanism is to increase the delay of its flows while decreasing the delay of other priority ones. The former effect can be seen as the shaping restriction and the latter effect can be seen as the shaping benefit from CBS. The goal of this paper is to investigate the impact of CBS on different priority flows, especially on the intermediate priority ones, as well as the effect of CBS bandwidth allocation. It is based on a performance comparison of AVB/TSN and AFDX by simulation in an automotive case study. Furthermore, the shaping benefit is modeled based on integral operation from network calculus perspective. Combing with the analysis of shaping restriction and shaping benefit, some configuration suggestions on the setting of CBS bandwidth are given. Results show that the effect of CBS depends on flow loads and CBS configurations. A larger load of high priority flows in AVB tends to a better performance for the intermediate priority flows when compared with AFDX. Shaping benefit can be explained and calculated according to the changing from the permitted maximum burst. PMID:28531158

  15. 33 CFR 240.7 - Credit criteria for projects authorized on or before 17 November 1986.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... ENGINEERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE GENERAL CREDIT FOR FLOOD CONTROL § 240.7 Credit... 215 agreements covering proposed non-Federal accomplishment of compatible work on the project will not...

  16. 33 CFR 240.7 - Credit criteria for projects authorized on or before 17 November 1986.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... ENGINEERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE GENERAL CREDIT FOR FLOOD CONTROL § 240.7 Credit... 215 agreements covering proposed non-Federal accomplishment of compatible work on the project will not...

  17. 33 CFR 240.7 - Credit criteria for projects authorized on or before 17 November 1986.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... ENGINEERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE GENERAL CREDIT FOR FLOOD CONTROL § 240.7 Credit... 215 agreements covering proposed non-Federal accomplishment of compatible work on the project will not...

  18. 33 CFR 240.7 - Credit criteria for projects authorized on or before 17 November 1986.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... ENGINEERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE GENERAL CREDIT FOR FLOOD CONTROL § 240.7 Credit... 215 agreements covering proposed non-Federal accomplishment of compatible work on the project will not...

  19. 33 CFR 240.7 - Credit criteria for projects authorized on or before 17 November 1986.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... ENGINEERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE GENERAL CREDIT FOR FLOOD CONTROL § 240.7 Credit... 215 agreements covering proposed non-Federal accomplishment of compatible work on the project will not...

  20. Drag reduction in a turbulent channel flow using a passivity-based approach

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Heins, Peter; Jones, Bryn; Sharma, Atul

    2013-11-01

    A new active feedback control strategy for attenuating perturbation energy in a turbulent channel flow is presented. Using a passivity-based approach, a controller synthesis procedure has been devised which is capable of making the linear dynamics of a channel flow as close to passive as is possible given the limitations on sensing and actuation. A controller that is capable of making the linearized flow passive is guaranteed to globally stabilize the true flow. The resulting controller is capable of greatly restricting the amount of turbulent energy that the nonlinearity can feed back into the flow. DNS testing of a controller using wall-sensing of streamwise and spanwise shear stress and actuation via wall transpiration acting upon channel flows with Reτ = 100 - 250 showed significant reductions in skin-friction drag.

  1. 12 CFR 703.5 - Discretionary control over investments and investment advisers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Discretionary control over investments and investment advisers. 703.5 Section 703.5 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS INVESTMENT AND DEPOSIT ACTIVITIES § 703.5 Discretionary control over investments and...

  2. 12 CFR 703.5 - Discretionary control over investments and investment advisers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Discretionary control over investments and investment advisers. 703.5 Section 703.5 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS INVESTMENT AND DEPOSIT ACTIVITIES § 703.5 Discretionary control over investments and...

  3. 13 CFR 500.214 - OMB control number. [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false OMB control number. [Reserved] 500.214 Section 500.214 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY OIL AND GAS GUARANTEED LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY OIL AND GAS GUARANTEED LOAN PROGRAM Oil and Gas Guaranteed Loans § 500.214 OMB control number...

  4. 13 CFR 120.475 - Change of ownership or control.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Change of ownership or control. 120.475 Section 120.475 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Lenders Small Business Lending Companies (sblc) § 120.475 Change of ownership or control. (a) Any change...

  5. 13 CFR 120.475 - Change of ownership or control.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Change of ownership or control. 120.475 Section 120.475 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Lenders Small Business Lending Companies (sblc) § 120.475 Change of ownership or control. (a) Any change...

  6. 13 CFR 120.475 - Change of ownership or control.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Change of ownership or control. 120.475 Section 120.475 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Lenders Small Business Lending Companies (sblc) § 120.475 Change of ownership or control. (a) Any change...

  7. Strategies for Controlling Item Exposure in Computerized Adaptive Testing with the Generalized Partial Credit Model

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Davis, Laurie Laughlin

    2004-01-01

    Choosing a strategy for controlling item exposure has become an integral part of test development for computerized adaptive testing (CAT). This study investigated the performance of six procedures for controlling item exposure in a series of simulated CATs under the generalized partial credit model. In addition to a no-exposure control baseline…

  8. 12 CFR 652.70 - Risk-based capital level.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... risk-based capital level is the sum of the following amounts: (a) Credit and interest rate risk. The... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Risk-based capital level. 652.70 Section 652.70 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE...

  9. 49 CFR 260.17 - Credit risk premium analysis.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... past and projected: (A) Profitability; (B) Liquidity; (C) Financial strength; (D) Size; and (E) Level... improving revenues, profitability and cash flow from operations; and (B) Reliance on third parties for...

  10. 49 CFR 260.17 - Credit risk premium analysis.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... past and projected: (A) Profitability; (B) Liquidity; (C) Financial strength; (D) Size; and (E) Level... improving revenues, profitability and cash flow from operations; and (B) Reliance on third parties for...

  11. 49 CFR 260.17 - Credit risk premium analysis.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... past and projected: (A) Profitability; (B) Liquidity; (C) Financial strength; (D) Size; and (E) Level... improving revenues, profitability and cash flow from operations; and (B) Reliance on third parties for...

  12. 49 CFR 260.17 - Credit risk premium analysis.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... past and projected: (A) Profitability; (B) Liquidity; (C) Financial strength; (D) Size; and (E) Level... improving revenues, profitability and cash flow from operations; and (B) Reliance on third parties for...

  13. 40 CFR 86.1861-17 - How do the NMOG+NOX and evaporative emission credit programs work?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... VEHICLES AND ENGINES General Compliance Provisions for Control of Air Pollution From New and In-Use Light...)(8), credits generated in model years 2017 through 2024 expire after eight years, or after model year... generating early Tier 3 credits under § 86.1811-17(b)(11) in model year 2017. (c) The credit-deficit...

  14. Dual-Credit in Kentucky

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Stephenson, Lisa G.

    2013-01-01

    Credit-based transition programs provide high school students with opportunities to jump start their college education. The Kentucky Community and Technical College System (KCTCS) offers college credit through dual-credit programs. While KCTCS dual-credit offerings have been successful in helping high school students start their college education…

  15. 28. Credit JTL. Overview of unit 5 (installed 1908) showing ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    28. Credit JTL. Overview of unit 5 (installed 1908) showing exciter, generator, deflector motor, needle valve control, impulse wheel housing, and gate valve controls. - Battle Creek Hydroelectric System, Battle Creek & Tributaries, Red Bluff, Tehama County, CA

  16. An open Markov chain scheme model for a credit consumption portfolio fed by ARIMA and SARMA processes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Esquível, Manuel L.; Fernandes, José Moniz; Guerreiro, Gracinda R.

    2016-06-01

    We introduce a schematic formalism for the time evolution of a random population entering some set of classes and such that each member of the population evolves among these classes according to a scheme based on a Markov chain model. We consider that the flow of incoming members is modeled by a time series and we detail the time series structure of the elements in each of the classes. We present a practical application to data from a credit portfolio of a Cape Verdian bank; after modeling the entering population in two different ways - namely as an ARIMA process and as a deterministic sigmoid type trend plus a SARMA process for the residues - we simulate the behavior of the population and compare the results. We get that the second method is more accurate in describing the behavior of the populations when compared to the observed values in a direct simulation of the Markov chain.

  17. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    None

    Visualization of blood flow in a cerebral aneurysm. Streamlines (colored by fluid velocity magnitude) reveal the complexity of the flow, isocontours of vorticity show blood vortex structures (colored by pressure), and the flexible arterial wall is colored by the stress magnitude, where regions in red indicate areas of high stress. Credits: Science: Paris Perdikaris, Yue Yu, George Em. Karniadakis and Leopold Grinberg Visualization: Joseph A. Insley and Michael E. Papka

  18. 20 CFR 211.14 - Maximum creditable compensation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Maximum creditable compensation. 211.14... CREDITABLE RAILROAD COMPENSATION § 211.14 Maximum creditable compensation. Maximum creditable compensation for calendar years after 1984 is the maximum annual taxable wage base defined in section 3231(e)(2)(B...

  19. 3. Credit BG. The interior of the control room appears ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    3. Credit BG. The interior of the control room appears in this view, looking north (0°). The control console in the room center permitted remote control of various propellant grinders and mixers in surrounding buildings. Television monitors (absent from their mounts in this view) permitted direct viewing of operating machinery. From foreground to background: Panel (1) contains OGAR warning light switches for Curing Buildings E-39, E-40, E-41 and E-86; (O=off, G=green safe, A=amber caution, R=red danger) Panel (2) E-85 Oxidizer Dryer Building console: OGAR switch Panel (3) E-84 Oxidizer Grinder Building console: controls for vibrator, feed, and hammer; Panel (4) E-36 Oxidizer Grinder Building console: controls for vibrator, feed, hammer, attritor, and SWECO ("SWECO" undefined) Panels (5) & (6) blank Panel (7) E-38 Mixer & Casting Building console: vacuum pump, blender, heating and cooling controls Panel (8) E-37 Mixer & Casting Building console: motor controls for 1 pint, 1 gallon, 5 gallon and 30 gallon mixers; vacuum pump, deluge (fire suppression), pot up/down, vibrator, feed, and SWECO. - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Weigh & Control Building, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  20. 13 CFR 107.410 - Changes in Control of Licensee (through change in ownership or otherwise).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Changes in Control of Licensee (through change in ownership or otherwise). 107.410 Section 107.410 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Changes in Ownership, Control, or Structure of...

  1. 13 CFR 107.440 - Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control. 107.440 Section 107.440 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Changes in Ownership, Control, or Structure of...

  2. 13 CFR 107.440 - Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control. 107.440 Section 107.440 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Changes in Ownership, Control, or Structure of...

  3. 13 CFR 107.440 - Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control. 107.440 Section 107.440 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Changes in Ownership, Control, or Structure of...

  4. 13 CFR 107.440 - Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control. 107.440 Section 107.440 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Changes in Ownership, Control, or Structure of...

  5. 76 FR 79531 - Corporate Credit Unions

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-22

    ... exclude CLF stock subscriptions, based on the asset's negligible credit risk and to facilitate corporate... removing paragraphs (c)(3) and (f)(4) and adding paragraph (h) to read as follows: Sec. 704.6 Credit risk... NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION 12 CFR Part 704 RIN 3133-AD95 Corporate Credit Unions AGENCY...

  6. 12 CFR 226.59 - Reevaluation of rate increases.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... SYSTEM (CONTINUED) TRUTH IN LENDING (REGULATION Z) Special Rules Applicable to Credit Card Accounts and... to a credit card account under an open-end (not home-secured) consumer credit plan, based on the... new credit card accounts under an open-end (not home-secured) consumer credit plan. (2) Rate increases...

  7. 12 CFR 226.59 - Reevaluation of rate increases.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... SYSTEM (CONTINUED) TRUTH IN LENDING (REGULATION Z) Special Rules Applicable to Credit Card Accounts and... to a credit card account under an open-end (not home-secured) consumer credit plan, based on the... new credit card accounts under an open-end (not home-secured) consumer credit plan. (2) Rate increases...

  8. Final Rule for Control of Hazardous Air Pollutants From Mobile Sources: Early Credit Technology Requirement Revision

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    EPA is taking final action to revise the February 26, 2007 mobile source air toxics rule’s requirements that specify which benzene control technologies a refiner may utilize to qualify to generate early benzene credits.

  9. Credit BG. The southeast and northeast facades appear as seen ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    Credit BG. The southeast and northeast facades appear as seen when looking due west (270°). Doors to the mixer room are open; the smaller closed doors lead to a building equipment room containing heating and refrigeration units for temperature control of the mixer and its contents. The mixer room doors and sidewalls are filled with foam and constructed to blow out in case of an explosion in the mixer. Note the lightning rods and two exterior emergency showers. The two tanks at the eastern corner of the building are unidentified - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Mixer & Casting Building, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  10. KSC-2013-2643

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – The Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June is seen after the payload fairing was connected over NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  11. KSC-2013-2494

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-05-29

    VANDENBERG AFB, Calif. – Engineers unwrap NASA's IRIS spacecraft after its connection to the nose of an Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  12. KSC-2013-2493

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-05-29

    VANDENBERG AFB, Calif. – Engineers unwrap NASA's IRIS spacecraft after its connection to the nose of an Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  13. 1. Credit BG. The southwest and southeast sides of Weigh ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    1. Credit BG. The southwest and southeast sides of Weigh & Control appear as the camera looks due north (0°). Barricades on the northwest and northeast sides protect this structure from effects of any explosions at the Mixer Building (4233/E34), Oxidizer Grinder Building (4235/E-36) or other nearby propellant processing structures. The proliferation of doors is because many of the rooms have no interior interconnection--a safeguard to contain and prevent the internal spread of fires or explosions. Signs are posted on the doors describing maximum allowable propellant weights and number of personnel in rooms. A safety shower is featured on the southern exterior corner of the building. Apparatus on the roof consists of air conditioning ducts and fume vents. - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Weigh & Control Building, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  14. 40 CFR 403.15 - Net/Gross calculation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... pollutants in the intake waters. (2) Credit for generic pollutants such as biochemical oxygen demand (BOD... to obtain credit for intake pollutants must make application to the Control Authority. Upon request... to reflect credit for pollutants in the intake water) if the requirements of paragraph (b) of this...

  15. 13 CFR 126.202 - Who does SBA consider to control a HUBZone SBC?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Who does SBA consider to control a HUBZone SBC? 126.202 Section 126.202 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION HUBZONE PROGRAM Requirements to be a Qualified HUBZone SBC § 126.202 Who does SBA consider to control a HUBZone SBC? Control means both the day-to-day...

  16. 25 CFR 543.15 - What are the minimum internal control standards for lines of credit?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 25 Indians 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false What are the minimum internal control standards for lines of credit? 543.15 Section 543.15 Indians NATIONAL INDIAN GAMING COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR HUMAN SERVICES MINIMUM INTERNAL CONTROL STANDARDS FOR CLASS II GAMING § 543.15 What are the minimum internal control standards for lines of credi...

  17. 25 CFR 543.15 - What are the minimum internal control standards for lines of credit?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 25 Indians 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false What are the minimum internal control standards for lines of credit? 543.15 Section 543.15 Indians NATIONAL INDIAN GAMING COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR HUMAN SERVICES MINIMUM INTERNAL CONTROL STANDARDS FOR CLASS II GAMING § 543.15 What are the minimum internal control standards for lines of credi...

  18. Counter Clockwise Rotation of Cylinder with Variable Position to Control Base Flows

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Asadullah, Mohammed; Khan, S. A.; Asrar, Waqar; Sulaeman, E.

    2018-05-01

    Experimental study of supersonic base flow at Mach 2 has been carried out to see the effect of cylinder when rotated counter clockwise inside the dead zone at variable locations near its base to control base pressure for different level of expansion for area ratio 9. Active cylinder of 2 mm diameter rotating counter clockwise when seen from top, is mounted as a controller. Three locations are chosen from the side wall of square duct namely at 2, 4, 6 mm respectively and 8 mm from square nozzle exit in the base region to mount the controller. Base pressure in recirculation zone and wall pressure along the square duct length has been measured with and without control. The experiments were carried out for NPR 2, 3, 6, 7.8 and 8.5. Cylinder when rotated counter clockwise as an active controller were found to reduce the base drag as high as 62 percent at NPR 8.5 when located near to duct wall and 50 percent when located away from duct wall for the same NPR. For perfectly expanded flows at NPR 7.8 the reduction in base drag was 53 percent near duct wall and 44 percent near duct wall. The active controller was up to 19 percentage effective for over expanded flows near to duct wall and up to 12 percent when located away from duct wall. Also, the control did not adversely affect the flow field.

  19. Exhaust gas bypass valve control for thermoelectric generator

    DOEpatents

    Reynolds, Michael G; Yang, Jihui; Meisner, Greogry P.; Stabler, Francis R.; De Bock, Hendrik Pieter Jacobus; Anderson, Todd Alan

    2012-09-04

    A method of controlling engine exhaust flow through at least one of an exhaust bypass and a thermoelectric device via a bypass valve is provided. The method includes: determining a mass flow of exhaust exiting an engine; determining a desired exhaust pressure based on the mass flow of exhaust; comparing the desired exhaust pressure to a determined exhaust pressure; and determining a bypass valve control value based on the comparing, wherein the bypass valve control value is used to control the bypass valve.

  20. Financial Crisis Now Striking Home for School Districts: Project Delays, Worries About Cash Flow Result of Tight Credit Markets

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Davis, Michelle R.

    2008-01-01

    This article reports that the crisis besetting U.S. and world financial markets is hitting school districts hard, as they struggle to float the bonds needed for capital projects, borrow money to ensure cash flow, and get access to investment funds locked up in troubled institutions. Some schools districts depend heavily on borrowed money to pay…

  1. 49 CFR 22.19 - Credit criteria.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... earnings and cash flow, and work in progress; (e) Ability to repay the loan; (f) Sufficient equity to... an ability to repay the loan as well as satisfactory handling of the repayment of past and current...

  2. 49 CFR 22.19 - Credit criteria.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... earnings and cash flow, and work in progress; (e) Ability to repay the loan; (f) Sufficient equity to... an ability to repay the loan as well as satisfactory handling of the repayment of past and current...

  3. 49 CFR 22.19 - Credit criteria.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... earnings and cash flow, and work in progress; (e) Ability to repay the loan; (f) Sufficient equity to... an ability to repay the loan as well as satisfactory handling of the repayment of past and current...

  4. 49 CFR 22.19 - Credit criteria.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... earnings and cash flow, and work in progress; (e) Ability to repay the loan; (f) Sufficient equity to... an ability to repay the loan as well as satisfactory handling of the repayment of past and current...

  5. 47 CFR 32.4341 - Net deferred tax liability adjustments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... in Accounts 4100 and 4340 for: (1) Tax effects of temporary differences accounted for under the flow... rates (Federal, state and local). As tax rates increase or decrease, the offsetting debit or credit will...

  6. Determinants of Mexico-U.S. Outward and Return Migration Flows: A State-Level Panel Data Analysis.

    PubMed

    Chort, Isabelle; de la Rupelle, Maëlys

    2016-10-01

    Using a unique panel data set of state-to-state outward and return migration flows between Mexico and the United States from 1995 to 2012, this study is the first to analyze Mexico-U.S. migration at the state level and explore simultaneously the effect of economic, environmental, and social factors in Mexico over two decades. Pairing origin and destination states and controlling for a rich structure of fixed effects, we find that income positively impacts migration outflows, especially for Mexican states of origin with a recent migration history and for low-educated migrant flows, suggesting the existence of credit constraints. We find evidence that drought causes more out-migration, while other climatic shocks have no effect. Violence is found to increase out-migration flows from border states and to decrease migration from other Mexican states, especially where violence is directed at migrants. Last, return flows are larger when income growth at destination is lower, consistent with the accumulation of savings as a primary motivation of migrants. Exploring the impact of the crisis, we find evidence of significant changes in the geography of migration flows. Traditional flows are drying up, and new migration corridors are rising, with implications on the composition of the Mexican population in the United States. Although the effect of income on flows in both directions is unchanged by the crisis, the negative effect of violence on out-migration tends to reverse at the end of the period. Overall, this study emphasizes the interest of analyzing disaggregated flows at the infra-country level.

  7. Course Notes and Suggestions for Consumer Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sweetwater Union High School District, Chula Vista, CA.

    The document is a guide to a consumer education course; the course format is a series of several activity-based miniunits for each of 15 instructional areas: components of life styles, decision making, settling conflicts, budgeting, handling and controlling family income, credit, interest rates, savings institutions, family financial security,…

  8. 12 CFR Appendix A to Part 325 - Statement of Policy on Risk-Based Capital

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... qualifying and excess capital, calculate risk-weighted assets, calculate market risk equivalent assets and... and control financial and operating risks, including the risk presented by concentrations of credit....(6)(ii) of this appendix A), and subsidiaries that are engaged in non-financial activities are not...

  9. 12 CFR Appendix A to Part 325 - Statement of Policy on Risk-Based Capital

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... qualifying and excess capital, calculate risk-weighted assets, calculate market risk equivalent assets and... and control financial and operating risks, including the risk presented by concentrations of credit... instrument approaches maturity, the instrument begins to take on charcteristics of a short-term obligation...

  10. 12 CFR Appendix A to Part 325 - Statement of Policy on Risk-Based Capital

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... qualifying and excess capital, calculate risk-weighted assets, calculate market risk equivalent assets and... and control financial and operating risks, including the risk presented by concentrations of credit....(6)(ii) of this appendix A), and subsidiaries that are engaged in non-financial activities are not...

  11. 12 CFR Appendix A to Part 325 - Statement of Policy on Risk-Based Capital

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... qualifying and excess capital, calculate risk-weighted assets, calculate market risk equivalent assets and... and control financial and operating risks, including the risk presented by concentrations of credit....(6)(ii) of this appendix A), and subsidiaries that are engaged in non-financial activities are not...

  12. 12 CFR Appendix A to Part 325 - Statement of Policy on Risk-Based Capital

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... qualifying and excess capital, calculate risk-weighted assets, calculate market risk equivalent assets and... and control financial and operating risks, including the risk presented by concentrations of credit....(6)(ii) of this appendix A), and subsidiaries that are engaged in non-financial activities are not...

  13. 69. (Credit JTL) View beneath marble meter bench showing hydraulic ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    69. (Credit JTL) View beneath marble meter bench showing hydraulic lines leading to water valve hydraulic control cylinders from control handles in bench; strings and pulleys activate meters. - McNeil Street Pumping Station, McNeil Street & Cross Bayou, Shreveport, Caddo Parish, LA

  14. Intelligent Flow Control Valve

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kelley, Anthony R (Inventor)

    2015-01-01

    The present invention is an intelligent flow control valve which may be inserted into the flow coming out of a pipe and activated to provide a method to stop, measure, and meter flow coming from the open or possibly broken pipe. The intelligent flow control valve may be used to stop the flow while repairs are made. Once repairs have been made, the valve may be removed or used as a control valve to meter the amount of flow from inside the pipe. With the addition of instrumentation, the valve may also be used as a variable area flow meter and flow controller programmed based upon flowing conditions. With robotic additions, the valve may be configured to crawl into a desired pipe location, anchor itself, and activate flow control or metering remotely.

  15. 77 FR 2685 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-01-19

    ..., Report of Terms of Credit Card Plans. DATES: Written comments must be received on or before March 19... (202) 435-7678. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Title: Report of Terms of Credit Card Plans. OMB Control... of Terms of Credit Card, from the Federal Reserve Board to the CFPB on July 21, 2011. About 150...

  16. 77 FR 25499 - Notice of Proposed Information Collection: Comment Request; Personal Financial and Credit Statement

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-30

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT [Docket No. FR-5607-N-14] Notice of Proposed Information Collection: Comment Request; Personal Financial and Credit Statement AGENCY: Office of the... Proposal: Personal Financial and Credit Statement. OMB Control Number, if applicable: 2502-0001...

  17. 13 CFR 107.506 - Safeguarding Licensee's assets/Internal controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Safeguarding Licensee's assets/Internal controls. 107.506 Section 107.506 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Managing the Operations of a Licensee General Requirements § 107.506...

  18. 13 CFR 107.506 - Safeguarding Licensee's assets/Internal controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Safeguarding Licensee's assets/Internal controls. 107.506 Section 107.506 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Managing the Operations of a Licensee General Requirements § 107.506...

  19. 13 CFR 107.506 - Safeguarding Licensee's assets/Internal controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Safeguarding Licensee's assets/Internal controls. 107.506 Section 107.506 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Managing the Operations of a Licensee General Requirements § 107.506...

  20. 13 CFR 107.506 - Safeguarding Licensee's assets/Internal controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Safeguarding Licensee's assets/Internal controls. 107.506 Section 107.506 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Managing the Operations of a Licensee General Requirements § 107.506...

  1. 13 CFR 107.506 - Safeguarding Licensee's assets/Internal controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Safeguarding Licensee's assets/Internal controls. 107.506 Section 107.506 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Managing the Operations of a Licensee General Requirements § 107.506...

  2. KSC-2009-2102

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-03-15

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – In Firing Room 4 of the Launch Control Center at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, Flow Director for space shuttle Discovery Stephanie Stilson (center) and Shuttle Launch Director Mike Leinbach applaud the mission management team for the successful launch of space shuttle Discovery on the STS-119 mission. Launch was on time at 7:43 p.m. EDT. The STS-119 mission is the 28th to the space station and Discovery's 36th flight. Discovery will deliver the final pair of power-generating solar array wings and the S6 truss segment. Installation of S6 will signal the station's readiness to house a six-member crew for conducting increased science. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

  3. Microprocessor-Based Valved Controller

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Norman, Arnold M., Jr.

    1987-01-01

    New controller simpler, more precise, and lighter than predecessors. Mass-flow controller compensates for changing supply pressure and temperature such as occurs when gas-supply tank becomes depleted. By periodically updating calculation of mass-flow rate, controller determines correct new position for valve and keeps mass-flow rate nearly constant.

  4. 12 CFR 615.5210 - Risk-adjusted assets.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... appropriate credit conversion factor in § 615.5212, is assigned to one of the risk categories specified in... risk-based capital requirement for the credit-enhanced assets, the risk-based capital required under..., determine the appropriate risk weight for any asset or credit equivalent amount that does not fit wholly...

  5. Influence of credit scoring on the dynamics of Markov chain

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Galina, Timofeeva

    2015-11-01

    Markov processes are widely used to model the dynamics of a credit portfolio and forecast the portfolio risk and profitability. In the Markov chain model the loan portfolio is divided into several groups with different quality, which determined by presence of indebtedness and its terms. It is proposed that dynamics of portfolio shares is described by a multistage controlled system. The article outlines mathematical formalization of controls which reflect the actions of the bank's management in order to improve the loan portfolio quality. The most important control is the organization of approval procedure of loan applications. The credit scoring is studied as a control affecting to the dynamic system. Different formalizations of "good" and "bad" consumers are proposed in connection with the Markov chain model.

  6. A Comparison of Item Exposure Control Procedures with the Generalized Partial Credit Model

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sanchez, Edgar Isaac

    2008-01-01

    To enhance test security of high stakes tests, it is vital to understand the way various exposure control strategies function under various IRT models. To that end the present dissertation focused on the performance of several exposure control strategies under the generalized partial credit model with an item pool of 100 and 200 items. These…

  7. 13 CFR 107.400 - Changes in ownership of 10 percent or more of Licensee but no change of Control.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Changes in ownership of 10 percent or more of Licensee but no change of Control. 107.400 Section 107.400 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Changes in Ownership, Control, or...

  8. 12 CFR 620.3 - Accuracy of reports and assessment of internal control over financial reporting.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Accuracy of reports and assessment of internal control over financial reporting. 620.3 Section 620.3 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM DISCLOSURE TO SHAREHOLDERS General § 620.3 Accuracy of reports and assessment of internal control over financial reporting. (a)...

  9. 12 CFR 620.3 - Accuracy of reports and assessment of internal control over financial reporting.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Accuracy of reports and assessment of internal control over financial reporting. 620.3 Section 620.3 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM DISCLOSURE TO SHAREHOLDERS General § 620.3 Accuracy of reports and assessment of internal control over financial reporting. (a)...

  10. 12 CFR 620.3 - Accuracy of reports and assessment of internal control over financial reporting.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Accuracy of reports and assessment of internal control over financial reporting. 620.3 Section 620.3 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM DISCLOSURE TO SHAREHOLDERS General § 620.3 Accuracy of reports and assessment of internal control over financial reporting. (a)...

  11. Harvesting data from advanced technologies.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2014-11-01

    Data streams are emerging everywhere such as Web logs, Web page click streams, sensor data streams, and credit card transaction flows. : Different from traditional data sets, data streams are sequentially generated and arrive one by one rather than b...

  12. Expanding access and choice for health care consumers through tax reform.

    PubMed

    Butler, S; Kendall, D B

    1999-01-01

    A refundable tax credit for the uninsured would complement the existing job-based health insurance system while letting people keep their job-based coverage if they wish. Among the wide variety of design options for a tax credit, policy and political analysis does not reveal an obvious choice, but a tax credit based on a percentage of spending may have a slight advantage. Congress should give states maximum flexibility to use existing funding sources to supplement the value of a federal tax credit and encourage the use of techniques to create stable insurance pools.

  13. Expanding access through public coverage: permitting families to use tax credits to buy into Medicaid or SCHIP.

    PubMed

    Weil, A R

    2001-01-01

    A new tax credit to help low-income families and individuals purchase health insurance can address the problem of affordability, but will not overcome other barriers these populations face in obtaining coverage. This paper proposes that families have the option of using a new tax credit to buy into a state-administered system such as Medicaid or the State Children's Health Insurance Program. This option has three advantages. First, it allows families to remain with a single health program and health plan as their income fluctuates. Second, it provides an alternative to the complex and confusing individual insurance market. This alternative is community rated, does not use underwriting, and allows health plan behavior to be monitored closely by the state. Third, it allows the state to act as a financial buffer-helping overcome the barrier to participation that cash-flow problems and year-end reconciliation concerns are likely to create among a low-income population. Many people would want to use their tax credit in the private market, but the buy-in option increases the likelihood that the tax credit approach would succeed.

  14. 40 CFR 1051.740 - Are there special averaging provisions for snowmobiles?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM RECREATIONAL ENGINES AND VEHICLES Averaging... redesignated engines. Calculate credits using this average emission level relative to the specific pollutant in... equation in § 1051.103), then your credits are the difference between the Phase 3 reduction requirement of...

  15. 40 CFR 1051.740 - Are there special averaging provisions for snowmobiles?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM RECREATIONAL ENGINES AND VEHICLES Averaging... redesignated engines. Calculate credits using this average emission level relative to the specific pollutant in... equation in § 1051.103), then your credits are the difference between the Phase 3 reduction requirement of...

  16. 12 CFR 609.940 - Internal systems and controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... business plan objectives and policies and procedures requirements regarding E-commerce; and (b) Prevent and... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Internal systems and controls. 609.940 Section 609.940 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM ELECTRONIC COMMERCE Standards...

  17. 12 CFR 609.940 - Internal systems and controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... business plan objectives and policies and procedures requirements regarding E-commerce; and (b) Prevent and... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Internal systems and controls. 609.940 Section 609.940 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM ELECTRONIC COMMERCE Standards...

  18. 12 CFR 609.940 - Internal systems and controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... business plan objectives and policies and procedures requirements regarding E-commerce; and (b) Prevent and... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Internal systems and controls. 609.940 Section 609.940 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM ELECTRONIC COMMERCE Standards...

  19. 12 CFR 609.940 - Internal systems and controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... business plan objectives and policies and procedures requirements regarding E-commerce; and (b) Prevent and... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Internal systems and controls. 609.940 Section 609.940 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM ELECTRONIC COMMERCE Standards...

  20. 12 CFR 609.940 - Internal systems and controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... business plan objectives and policies and procedures requirements regarding E-commerce; and (b) Prevent and... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Internal systems and controls. 609.940 Section 609.940 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM ELECTRONIC COMMERCE Standards...

  1. 13 CFR 108.506 - Safeguarding the NMVC Company's assets/Internal controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Safeguarding the NMVC Company's assets/Internal controls. 108.506 Section 108.506 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS... safeguard your assets and monitor the reliability of your financial data, personnel, Portfolio, funds and...

  2. 13 CFR 108.506 - Safeguarding the NMVC Company's assets/Internal controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Safeguarding the NMVC Company's assets/Internal controls. 108.506 Section 108.506 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS... safeguard your assets and monitor the reliability of your financial data, personnel, Portfolio, funds and...

  3. 13 CFR 108.506 - Safeguarding the NMVC Company's assets/Internal controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Safeguarding the NMVC Company's assets/Internal controls. 108.506 Section 108.506 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS... safeguard your assets and monitor the reliability of your financial data, personnel, Portfolio, funds and...

  4. 13 CFR 108.506 - Safeguarding the NMVC Company's assets/Internal controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Safeguarding the NMVC Company's assets/Internal controls. 108.506 Section 108.506 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS... safeguard your assets and monitor the reliability of your financial data, personnel, Portfolio, funds and...

  5. 13 CFR 108.506 - Safeguarding the NMVC Company's assets/Internal controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Safeguarding the NMVC Company's assets/Internal controls. 108.506 Section 108.506 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS... safeguard your assets and monitor the reliability of your financial data, personnel, Portfolio, funds and...

  6. Cluster-based control of a separating flow over a smoothly contoured ramp

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kaiser, Eurika; Noack, Bernd R.; Spohn, Andreas; Cattafesta, Louis N.; Morzyński, Marek

    2017-12-01

    The ability to manipulate and control fluid flows is of great importance in many scientific and engineering applications. The proposed closed-loop control framework addresses a key issue of model-based control: The actuation effect often results from slow dynamics of strongly nonlinear interactions which the flow reveals at timescales much longer than the prediction horizon of any model. Hence, we employ a probabilistic approach based on a cluster-based discretization of the Liouville equation for the evolution of the probability distribution. The proposed methodology frames high-dimensional, nonlinear dynamics into low-dimensional, probabilistic, linear dynamics which considerably simplifies the optimal control problem while preserving nonlinear actuation mechanisms. The data-driven approach builds upon a state space discretization using a clustering algorithm which groups kinematically similar flow states into a low number of clusters. The temporal evolution of the probability distribution on this set of clusters is then described by a control-dependent Markov model. This Markov model can be used as predictor for the ergodic probability distribution for a particular control law. This probability distribution approximates the long-term behavior of the original system on which basis the optimal control law is determined. We examine how the approach can be used to improve the open-loop actuation in a separating flow dominated by Kelvin-Helmholtz shedding. For this purpose, the feature space, in which the model is learned, and the admissible control inputs are tailored to strongly oscillatory flows.

  7. Modeling the interdependent network based on two-mode networks

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    An, Feng; Gao, Xiangyun; Guan, Jianhe; Huang, Shupei; Liu, Qian

    2017-10-01

    Among heterogeneous networks, there exist obviously and closely interdependent linkages. Unlike existing research primarily focus on the theoretical research of physical interdependent network model. We propose a two-layer interdependent network model based on two-mode networks to explore the interdependent features in the reality. Specifically, we construct a two-layer interdependent loan network and develop several dependent features indices. The model is verified to enable us to capture the loan dependent features of listed companies based on loan behaviors and shared shareholders. Taking Chinese debit and credit market as case study, the main conclusions are: (1) only few listed companies shoulder the main capital transmission (20% listed companies occupy almost 70% dependent degree). (2) The control of these key listed companies will be more effective of avoiding the spreading of financial risks. (3) Identifying the companies with high betweenness centrality and controlling them could be helpful to monitor the financial risk spreading. (4) The capital transmission channel among Chinese financial listed companies and Chinese non-financial listed companies are relatively strong. However, under greater pressure of demand of capital transmission (70% edges failed), the transmission channel, which constructed by debit and credit behavior, will eventually collapse.

  8. Microgravity

    NASA Image and Video Library

    1998-11-04

    Computer simulation of atmospheric flow corresponds well to imges taken during the second Geophysical Fluid Flow Cell (BFFC) mission. The top shows a view from the pole, while the bottom shows a view from the equator. Red corresponds to hot fluid rising while blue shows cold fluid falling. This simulation was developed by Anil Deane of the University of Maryland, College Park and Paul Fischer of Argorne National Laboratory. Credit: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center

  9. Control of supersonic axisymmetric base flows using passive splitter plates and pulsed plasma actuators

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Reedy, Todd Mitchell

    An experimental investigation evaluating the effects of flow control on the near-wake downstream of a blunt-based axisymmetric body in supersonic flow has been conducted. To better understand and control the physical phenomena that govern these massively separated high-speed flows, this research examined both passive and active flow-control methodologies designed to alter the stability characteristics and structure of the near-wake. The passive control investigation consisted of inserting splitter plates into the recirculation region. The active control technique utilized energy deposition from multiple electric-arc plasma discharges placed around the base. The flow-control authority of both methodologies was evaluated with experimental diagnostics including particle image velocimetry, schlieren photography, surface flow visualization, pressure-sensitive paint, and discrete surface pressure measurements. Using a blowdown-type wind tunnel reconstructed specifically for these studies, baseline axisymmetric experiments without control were conducted for a nominal approach Mach number of 2.5. In addition to traditional base pressure measurements, mean velocity and turbulence quantities were acquired using two-component, planar particle image velocimetry. As a result, substantial insight was gained regarding the time-averaged and instantaneous near-wake flow fields. This dataset will supplement the previous benchmark point-wise laser Doppler velocimetry data of Herrin and Dutton (1994) for comparison with new computational predictive techniques. Next, experiments were conducted to study the effects of passive triangular splitter plates placed in the recirculation region behind a blunt-based axisymmetric body. By dividing the near-wake into 1/2, 1/3, and 1/4 cylindrical regions, the time-averaged base pressure distribution, time-series pressure fluctuations, and presumably the stability characteristics were altered. While the spatial base pressure distribution was influenced considerably, the area-integrated pressure was only slightly affected. Normalized RMS levels indicate that base pressure fluctuations were significantly reduced with the addition of the splitter plates. Power-spectral-density estimates revealed a spectral broadening of fluctuating energy for the 1/2 cylinder configuration and a bimodal distribution for the 1/3 and 1/4 cylinder configurations. It was concluded that the recirculation region is not the most sensitive location to apply flow control; rather, the shear layer may be a more influential site for implementing flow control methodologies. For active flow control, pulsed plasma-driven fluidic actuators were investigated. Initially, the performance of two plasma actuator designs was characterized to determine their potential as supersonic flow control devices. For the first actuator considered, the pulsed plasma jet, electro-thermal heating from an electric discharge heats and pressurizes gas in a small cavity which is exhausted through a circular orifice forming a synthetic jet. Depending on the electrical energy addition, peak jet velocities ranged between 130 to nearly 500 m/s when exhausted to quiescent, ambient conditions. The second plasma actuator investigated is the localized arc filament plasma actuator (LAFPA), which created fluidic perturbations through the rapid, local thermal heating, generated from an electric arc discharge between two electrodes within a shallow open cavity. Electrical and emission properties of the LAFPA were first documented as a function of pressure in a quiescent, no-flow environment. Rotational and vibrational temperatures from N2 spectra were obtained for select plasma conditions and ambient pressures. Results further validate that the assumption of optically thin conditions for these electric arc plasmas is not necessary valid, even at low ambient pressure. Breakdown voltage, sustained plasma voltage, power, and energy per pulse were demonstrated to decrease with decreasing pressure. Implementing an array of eight electric arcs circumferentially around the base near the corner expansion, the LAFPA actuators were shown to produce significant disturbances to the separating shear layer of the base flow and cause modest influences on the base pressure when actuated over a range of high frequencies (O(kHz)), forcing modes, duty cycles, and electrical currents. To tailor the plasma actuator toward the specific flow control application of the separated base flow, several actuator geometries and energy additions were evaluated. Displaying the ability to produce disturbances in the shear layer, an open cavity actuator design outperformed the other geometries consisting of a confined cavity with an exhaust orifice. Increases in duty cycle (between 2% and 6%) and in plasma current (1/4 to 4 amps) were shown to produce large velocity disturbances causing a decrease in average base pressure. At 4 amps and a maximum duty cycle of 6%, the largest measured change in area-weighted base pressure, near -1.5%, was observed for the axisymmetric forcing mode. Positive changes in base pressure were experienced (as much as 1% increase from the no-control) for the vertical and horizontal flapping modes.

  10. 2. Credit WCT. Original 21/4"x22/4" color negative is housed in ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    2. Credit WCT. Original 2-1/4"x2-2/4" color negative is housed in the JPL Archives, Pasadena, California. This view depicts the interior of Test Stand "G" with its "Vibration System consisting of a MB-C210E Electrodynamic Exciter having a maximum sinusoidal force output of 28,000 lbs. and a noload-peak acceleration sine wave of 80 gs." (Quotation based on JPL photo caption in notebook The Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, no date; "80 gs" means 80 times the force of gravity.) This machine could be controlled to deliver a wide variety of perturbations (JPL negative no. 344-3802B, 27 February 1981). - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Test Stand G, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  11. Large unbalanced credit scoring using Lasso-logistic regression ensemble.

    PubMed

    Wang, Hong; Xu, Qingsong; Zhou, Lifeng

    2015-01-01

    Recently, various ensemble learning methods with different base classifiers have been proposed for credit scoring problems. However, for various reasons, there has been little research using logistic regression as the base classifier. In this paper, given large unbalanced data, we consider the plausibility of ensemble learning using regularized logistic regression as the base classifier to deal with credit scoring problems. In this research, the data is first balanced and diversified by clustering and bagging algorithms. Then we apply a Lasso-logistic regression learning ensemble to evaluate the credit risks. We show that the proposed algorithm outperforms popular credit scoring models such as decision tree, Lasso-logistic regression and random forests in terms of AUC and F-measure. We also provide two importance measures for the proposed model to identify important variables in the data.

  12. 12 CFR Appendix C to Part 202 - Sample Notification Forms

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... creditor obtained information from a consumer reporting agency that played a part in the credit decision... information that has been obtained from an outside source. ___ Our credit decision was based in whole or in...] Telephone number: ___ Our credit decision was based in whole or in part on information obtained from an...

  13. Strategies for controlling item exposure in computerized adaptive testing with the partial credit model.

    PubMed

    Davis, Laurie Laughlin; Dodd, Barbara G

    2008-01-01

    Exposure control research with polytomous item pools has determined that randomization procedures can be very effective for controlling test security in computerized adaptive testing (CAT). The current study investigated the performance of four procedures for controlling item exposure in a CAT under the partial credit model. In addition to a no exposure control baseline condition, the Kingsbury-Zara, modified-within-.10-logits, Sympson-Hetter, and conditional Sympson-Hetter procedures were implemented to control exposure rates. The Kingsbury-Zara and the modified-within-.10-logits procedures were implemented with 3 and 6 item candidate conditions. The results show that the Kingsbury-Zara and modified-within-.10-logits procedures with 6 item candidates performed as well as the conditional Sympson-Hetter in terms of exposure rates, overlap rates, and pool utilization. These two procedures are strongly recommended for use with partial credit CATs due to their simplicity and strength of their results.

  14. Review of Technical Studies in the United States in Support of Burnup Credit Regulatory Guidance

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Wagner, John C; Parks, Cecil V; Mueller, Don

    2010-01-01

    Taking credit for the reduction in reactivity associated with fuel depletion can enable more cost-effective, higher-density storage, transport, disposal, and reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) while maintaining sufficient subcritical margin to establish an adequate safety basis. Consequently, there continues to be considerable interest in the United States (U.S.), as well as internationally, in the increased use of burnup credit in SNF operations, particularly related to storage, transport, and disposal of commercial SNF. This interest has motivated numerous technical studies related to the application of burnup credit, both domestically and internationally, as well as the design of SNF storage, transportmore » and disposal systems that rely on burnup credit for maintaining subcriticality. Responding to industry requests and needs, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) initiated a burnup credit research program in 1999, with support from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), to develop regulatory guidance and the supporting technical bases for allowing and expanding the use of burnup credit in pressurized-water reactor SNF storage and transport applications. Although this NRC research program has not been continuous since its inception, considerable progress has been achieved in many key areas in terms of increased understanding of relevant phenomena and issues, availability of relevant information and data, and subsequently updated regulatory guidance for expanded use of burnup credit. This paper reviews technical studies performed by ORNL for the U.S. NRC burnup credit research program. Examples of topics include reactivity effects associated with reactor operating characteristics, fuel assembly characteristics, burnable absorbers, control rods, spatial burnup distributions, cooling time, and assembly misloading; methods and data for validation of isotopic composition predictions; methods and data for validation of criticality calculations; and operational issues and data related to assembly burnup confirmation. The objective of this paper is to summarize the work and significant accomplishments, with references to the technical reports and publications for complete details, and provide a useful resource to others in the burnup credit community.« less

  15. Active Flow Control and Global Stability Analysis of Separated Flow Over a NACA 0012 Airfoil

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Munday, Phillip M.

    The objective of this computational study is to examine and quantify the influence of fundamental flow control inputs in suppressing flow separation over a canonical airfoil. Most flow control studies to this date have relied on the development of actuator technology, and described the control input based on specific actuators. Taking advantage of a computational framework, we generalize the inputs to fundamental perturbations without restricting inputs to a particular actuator. Utilizing this viewpoint, generalized control inputs aim to aid in the quantification and support the design of separation control techniques. This study in particular independently introduces wall-normal momentum and angular momentum to the separated flow using swirling jets through model boundary conditions. The response of the flow field and the surface vorticity fluxes to various combinations of actuation inputs are examined in detail. By closely studying different variables, the influence of the wall-normal and angular momentum injections on separated flow is identified. As an example, open-loop control of fully separated, incompressible flow over a NACA 0012 airfoil at alpha = 6° and 9° with Re = 23,000 is examined with large-eddy simulations. For the shallow angle of attack alpha = 6°, the small recirculation region is primarily affected by wall-normal momentum injection. For a larger separation region at alpha = 9°, it is observed that the addition of angular momentum input to wall-normal momentum injection enhances the suppression of flow separation. Reducing the size of the separated flow region significantly impacts the forces, and in particular reduces drag and increases lift on the airfoil. It was found that the influence of flow control on the small recirculation region (alpha = 6°) can be sufficiently quantified with the traditional coefficient of momentum. At alpha = 9°, the effects of wall-normal and angular momentum inputs are captured by modifying the standard definition of the coefficient of momentum, which successfully characterizes suppression of separation and lift enhancement. The effect of angular momentum is incorporated into the modified coefficient of momentum by introducing a characteristic swirling jet velocity based on the non-dimensional swirl number. With the modified coefficient of momentum, this single value is able to categorize controlled flows into separated, transitional, and attached flows. With inadequate control input (separated flow regime), lift decreased compared to the baseline flow. Increasing the modified coefficient of momentum, flow transitions from separated to attached and accordingly results in improved aerodynamic forces. Modifying the spanwise spacing, it is shown that the minimum modified coefficient of momentum input required to begin transitioning the flow is dependent on actuator spacing. The growth (or decay) of perturbations can facilitate or inhibit the influence of flow control inputs. Biglobal stability analysis is considered to further analyze the behavior of control inputs on separated flow over a symmetric airfoil. Assuming a spanwise periodic waveform for the perturbations, the eigenvalues and eigenvectors about a base flow are solved to understand the influence of spanwise variation on the development of the flow. Two algorithms are developed and validated to solve for the eigenvalues of the flow: an algebraic eigenvalue solver (matrix based) and a time-stepping algorithm. The matrix based approach is formulated without ever storing the matrices, creating a computationally memory efficient algorithm. Increasing the Reynolds number to Re = 23,000 over a NACA 0012 airfoil, the time-stepper method is implemented due to rising computational cost of the matrix-based method. Stability analysis about the time-averaged flow is performed for spanwise wavenumbers of beta = 1/c, 10pi/ c and 20pi/c, which the latter two wavenumbers are representative of the spanwise spacing between the actuators. The largest spanwise wavelength (beta = 1/c) contained unstable modes that ranged from low to high frequency, and a particular unstable low-frequency mode corresponding to a frequency observed in the lift forces of the baseline large-eddy simulation. For the larger spanwise wavenumbers, beta = 10pi/ c (Lz/c = 0.2) and 20pi/c (Lz/c = 0.1), low-frequency modes were damped and only modes with f > 5were unstable. These results help us gain further insight into the influence of the flow control inputs. In conclusion, it was shown that the influence of wall-normal and angular momentum inputs on fully separated flow can adequately be described by the modified coefficient of momentum. Through further analysis and the development of a biglobal stability solver, spanwise spacing effects observed in the flow control study can be explained. The findings from this study should aid in the development of more intelligently designed flow control strategies and provide guidance in the selection of flow control actuators.

  16. Electrowetting (EW)-based valve combined with hydrophilic teflon microfluidic guidance in controlling continuous fluid flow.

    PubMed

    Cheng, Ji-Yen; Hsiung, Lo-Chang

    2004-12-01

    Electrowetting (EW)-based techniques have been widely used in manipulating discrete liquid. However, few articles discussed the controlling of continuous fluid flow by using EW-based techniques. In this paper, an EW-based valve combined with plasma-modified Teflon surface, which serves as a microfluidic guidance, in controlling continuous fluid flow has been demonstrated. The plasma-modified Teflon surface is firstly demonstrated for confining continuous fluid flow. The EW-based microfluidic device possesses the functions of a valve and a microchannel without complex moving parts and grooved microchannels. The quantitative characteristics of the EW-based valve are also studied. Propylene carbonate (PC) is firstly demonstrated as the working liquid in the EW-based device because of its applications in parallel oligonucleotide synthesis. It is found that lower valve actuation voltage reduces the deterioration of the valve and improves the valve stability.

  17. A Comparison of Item Selection Techniques and Exposure Control Mechanisms in CATs Using the Generalized Partial Credit Model.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pastor, Dena A.; Dodd, Barbara G.; Chang, Hua-Hua

    2002-01-01

    Studied the impact of using five different exposure control algorithms in two sizes of item pool calibrated using the generalized partial credit model. Simulation results show that the a-stratified design, in comparison to a no-exposure control condition, could be used to reduce item exposure and overlap and increase pool use, while degrading…

  18. 76 FR 27094 - Notice; Applications and Amendments to Facility Operating Licenses Involving Proposed No...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-10

    ... the Region I fuel storage racks reflect credit for fuel assembly burnup and soluble boron. Based on... boron concentration of 850 parts per million (ppm) during normal operations, and 1350 ppm during...) racks when considering the presence of soluble boron in the pool water for criticality control and the...

  19. Numerical Simulation of Fluidic Actuators for Flow Control Applications

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Vasta, Veer N.; Koklu, Mehti; Wygnanski, Israel L.; Fares, Ehab

    2012-01-01

    Active flow control technology is finding increasing use in aerospace applications to control flow separation and improve aerodynamic performance. In this paper we examine the characteristics of a class of fluidic actuators that are being considered for active flow control applications for a variety of practical problems. Based on recent experimental work, such actuators have been found to be more efficient for controlling flow separation in terms of mass flow requirements compared to constant blowing and suction or even synthetic jet actuators. The fluidic actuators produce spanwise oscillating jets, and therefore are also known as sweeping jets. The frequency and spanwise sweeping extent depend on the geometric parameters and mass flow rate entering the actuators through the inlet section. The flow physics associated with these actuators is quite complex and not fully understood at this time. The unsteady flow generated by such actuators is simulated using the lattice Boltzmann based solver PowerFLOW R . Computed mean and standard deviation of velocity profiles generated by a family of fluidic actuators in quiescent air are compared with experimental data. Simulated results replicate the experimentally observed trends with parametric variation of geometry and inflow conditions.

  20. Assessing the State of Procurement Knowledge Production: Implications for the Federal Government

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-12-01

    canonical knowledge base, quality control of published information, and assignment of priority and credit for their work to authors” (Rowland, 2002, p...The federal government recognizes the value of theory-based research and graduate education in 5 strategic purchasing—evidenced by its investment ...examination of the underlying trends present in the data. This finding also provided insights that may further other scholarly work in the field

  1. 12 CFR Appendix C to Part 704 - Risk-Based Capital Credit Risk-Weight Categories

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... corporate credit union must compute its risk-weighted assets for purposes of determining its capital ratios.... Depository institution means a financial institution that engages in the business of providing financial... substitute. Direct credit substitutes include: (1) Financial standby letters of credit that support financial...

  2. 76 FR 41602 - Fair Credit Reporting Risk-Based Pricing Regulations

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-15

    ... on and disclose the key factors provided with the scores purchased from consumer reporting agencies... making the credit decision, the creditor must disclose that score and certain information relating to the... following disclosures: (1) the credit score \\4\\ used by the person in making the credit decision; (2) the...

  3. 76 FR 55946 - Comment Request for Information Collection for the Work Opportunity Tax Credit (WOTC) Program...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-09

    ... Opportunity Tax Credit (WOTC) Program: Extension With Non-Substantive Revisions AGENCY: Employment and..., ``Certification Workload and Characteristics of Certified Individuals, Work Opportunity Tax Credit'' and provided... submit this report using the Internet-based Tax Credit Reporting System of the Enterprise Business...

  4. 2. Credit BG. The northwest and southwest sides of the ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    2. Credit BG. The northwest and southwest sides of the building appear as seen when looking northeast (38°). (Photo taken from location near Building 4275/E-76, Standby Generator.) Note the extent of the barricades. On the corner of the roof at the extreme right of this view appears a small funnel; according to JPL personnel, this device collected rainwater and conducted it through a pipe which appears at the corner of the building below. The water was used to flush any wastes from the nearby drainage trenches in the exterior concrete pads. - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Weigh & Control Building, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  5. Self-control of traffic lights and vehicle flows in urban road networks

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lämmer, Stefan; Helbing, Dirk

    2008-04-01

    Based on fluid-dynamic and many-particle (car-following) simulations of traffic flows in (urban) networks, we study the problem of coordinating incompatible traffic flows at intersections. Inspired by the observation of self-organized oscillations of pedestrian flows at bottlenecks, we propose a self-organization approach to traffic light control. The problem can be treated as a multi-agent problem with interactions between vehicles and traffic lights. Specifically, our approach assumes a priority-based control of traffic lights by the vehicle flows themselves, taking into account short-sighted anticipation of vehicle flows and platoons. The considered local interactions lead to emergent coordination patterns such as 'green waves' and achieve an efficient, decentralized traffic light control. While the proposed self-control adapts flexibly to local flow conditions and often leads to non-cyclical switching patterns with changing service sequences of different traffic flows, an almost periodic service may evolve under certain conditions and suggests the existence of a spontaneous synchronization of traffic lights despite the varying delays due to variable vehicle queues and travel times. The self-organized traffic light control is based on an optimization and a stabilization rule, each of which performs poorly at high utilizations of the road network, while their proper combination reaches a superior performance. The result is a considerable reduction not only in the average travel times, but also of their variation. Similar control approaches could be applied to the coordination of logistic and production processes.

  6. Sensing and Active Flow Control for Advanced BWB Propulsion-Airframe Integration Concepts

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Fleming, John; Anderson, Jason; Ng, Wing; Harrison, Neal

    2005-01-01

    In order to realize the substantial performance benefits of serpentine boundary layer ingesting diffusers, this study investigated the use of enabling flow control methods to reduce engine-face flow distortion. Computational methods and novel flow control modeling techniques were utilized that allowed for rapid, accurate analysis of flow control geometries. Results were validated experimentally using the Techsburg Ejector-based wind tunnel facility; this facility is capable of simulating the high-altitude, high subsonic Mach number conditions representative of BWB cruise conditions.

  7. KSC-2013-2628

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – Orbital Sciences engineers connect the payload fairing over NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  8. KSC-2013-2490

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-05-29

    VANDENBERG AFB, Calif. – Engineers unwrap NASA's IRIS spacecraft after its connection to the nose of an Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg no earlier than June 26, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  9. KSC-2013-2503

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-05-30

    VANDENBERG AFB, Calif. – Engineers prepare to install a radial retraction system on NASA's IRIS spacecraft after its connection to the nose of an Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  10. KSC-2013-2601

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB, Calif. – Engineers conduct inspections on NASA's IRIS spacecraft with blacklights before the payload fairing before it is connected. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  11. KSC-2013-2642

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – Orbital Sciences team engineers monitor the connection of the payload fairing over NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  12. KSC-2013-2640

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – The payload fairing locked in place over NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  13. KSC-2013-2618

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – Orbital Sciences team members watch as engineers connect the payload fairing over NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  14. KSC-2013-2613

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – Engineers attach the starboard side of the payload fairing into place for NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  15. KSC-2013-2581

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-05

    VANDENBERG AFB – Engineers move the port side of the payload fairing before it is connected into place for NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  16. KSC-2013-2477

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-05-29

    VANDENBERG AFB, Calif. – Engineers prepare to connect NASA's IRIS spacecraft to the nose of an Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg no earlier than June 26, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  17. KSC-2013-2617

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB - Orbital Sciences engineers connect the payload fairing over NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  18. KSC-2013-2636

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – Orbital Sciences engineers connect the payload fairing over NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  19. KSC-2013-2641

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – Orbital Sciences engineers monitor the connection of the payload fairing over NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  20. KSC-2013-2619

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – NASA's IRIS spacecraft before the second half of the payload fairing is installed over it. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  1. KSC-2013-2480

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-05-29

    VANDENBERG AFB, Calif. – Engineers prepare to connect NASA's IRIS spacecraft to the nose of an Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg no earlier than June 26, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  2. KSC-2013-2635

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – Orbital Sciences engineers connect the payload fairing over NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  3. KSC-2013-2481

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-05-29

    VANDENBERG AFB, Calif. – Engineers prepare to connect NASA's IRIS spacecraft to the nose of an Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg no earlier than June 26, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  4. KSC-2013-2633

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – Orbital Sciences team members move the second half of the payload fairing before it is placed over NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  5. KSC-2013-2489

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-05-29

    VANDENBERG AFB, Calif. – Engineers unwrap NASA's IRIS spacecraft after its connection to the nose of an Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg no earlier than June 26, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  6. KSC-2013-2639

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – Orbital Sciences engineers connect the payload fairing over NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  7. KSC-2013-2504

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-05-30

    VANDENBERG AFB, Calif. – Engineers install a radial retraction system on NASA's IRIS spacecraft after its connection to the nose of an Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  8. KSC-2013-2637

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – Orbital Sciences engineers connect the payload fairing over NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  9. KSC-2013-2630

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – Orbital Sciences team members move the second half of the payload fairing before it is placed over NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  10. KSC-2013-2602

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB, Calif. – Engineers conduct inspections on NASA's IRIS spacecraft with blacklights before the payload fairing before it is connected. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  11. KSC-2013-2580

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-05

    - VANDENBERG AFB – An engineer makes preparations on the starboard side of the payload fairing before it is connected into place for NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  12. KSC-2013-2626

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – Orbital Sciences team members move the second half of the payload fairing before it is placed over NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  13. KSC-2013-2616

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-11

    Orbital Sciences engineers connect the payload fairing over NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  14. KSC-2013-2482

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-05-29

    VANDENBERG AFB, Calif. – Engineers prepare to connect NASA's IRIS spacecraft to the nose of an Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg no earlier than June 26, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Randy Beaudoin

  15. KSC-2013-2629

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-06-10

    VANDENBERG AFB – Orbital Sciences team members move the second half of the payload fairing before it is placed over NASA's IRIS spacecraft. The fairing connects to the nose of the Orbital Sciences Pegasus XL rocket that will lift the solar observatory into orbit in June. The work is taking place in a hangar at Vandenberg Air Force Base where IRIS, short for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, is being prepared for launch on a Pegasus XL rocket. Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg June 26, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the sun’s corona using spectrometry and imaging. IRIS fills a crucial gap in our ability to advance studies of the sun-to-Earth connection by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the foundation of the corona and the region around the sun known as the heliosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Vauclin

  16. Flow Control and Measurement in Electric Propulsion Systems: Towards an AIAA Reference Standard

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Snyder, John Steven; Baldwin, Jeff; Frieman, Jason D.; Walker, Mitchell L. R.; Hicks, Nathan S.; Polzin, Kurt A.; Singleton, James T.

    2013-01-01

    Accurate control and measurement of propellant flow to a thruster is one of the most basic and fundamental requirements for operation of electric propulsion systems, whether they be in the laboratory or on flight spacecraft. Hence, it is important for the electric propulsion community to have a common understanding of typical methods for flow control and measurement. This paper addresses the topic of propellant flow primarily for the gaseous propellant systems which have dominated laboratory research and flight application over the last few decades, although other types of systems are also briefly discussed. While most flight systems have employed a type of pressure-fed flow restrictor for flow control, both thermal-based and pressure-based mass flow controllers are routinely used in laboratories. Fundamentals and theory of operation of these types of controllers are presented, along with sources of uncertainty associated with their use. Methods of calibration and recommendations for calibration processes are presented. Finally, details of uncertainty calculations are presented for some common calibration methods and for the linear fits to calibration data that are commonly used.

  17. 75 FR 30845 - Request Voucher for Grant Payment and Line of Credit Control System (LOCCS) Voice Response System...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-06-02

    ... request vouchers for distribution of grant funds using the automated Voice Response System (VRS). An... Payment and Line of Credit Control System (LOCCS) Voice Response System Access Authorization AGENCY... subject proposal. Payment request vouchers for distribution of grant funds using the automated Voice...

  18. 31 CFR 1028.210 - Anti-money laundering programs for operators of credit card systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... minimum, the program must: (1) Incorporate policies, procedures, and internal controls designed to ensure... program reasonably designed to prevent the operator of a credit card system from being used to facilitate... Designated Nationals List issued by Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control; (C) A person located in, or...

  19. 31 CFR 1028.210 - Anti-money laundering programs for operators of credit card systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... minimum, the program must: (1) Incorporate policies, procedures, and internal controls designed to ensure... program reasonably designed to prevent the operator of a credit card system from being used to facilitate... Designated Nationals List issued by Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control; (C) A person located in, or...

  20. 31 CFR 1028.210 - Anti-money laundering programs for operators of credit card systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... minimum, the program must: (1) Incorporate policies, procedures, and internal controls designed to ensure... program reasonably designed to prevent the operator of a credit card system from being used to facilitate... Designated Nationals List issued by Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control; (C) A person located in, or...

  1. 31 CFR 1028.210 - Anti-money laundering programs for operators of credit card systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... minimum, the program must: (1) Incorporate policies, procedures, and internal controls designed to ensure... program reasonably designed to prevent the operator of a credit card system from being used to facilitate... Designated Nationals List issued by Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control; (C) A person located in, or...

  2. 40 CFR 1039.720 - How do I trade emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 34 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false How do I trade emission credits? 1039.720 Section 1039.720 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE NONROAD COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification §...

  3. 40 CFR 1054.720 - How do I trade emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false How do I trade emission credits? 1054.720 Section 1054.720 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW, SMALL NONROAD SPARK-IGNITION ENGINES AND EQUIPMENT Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification §...

  4. 40 CFR 1054.720 - How do I trade emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 33 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false How do I trade emission credits? 1054.720 Section 1054.720 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW, SMALL NONROAD SPARK-IGNITION ENGINES AND EQUIPMENT Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification §...

  5. 40 CFR 1045.720 - How do I trade emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 34 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false How do I trade emission credits? 1045.720 Section 1045.720 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM SPARK-IGNITION PROPULSION MARINE ENGINES AND VESSELS Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification §...

  6. 40 CFR 1045.720 - How do I trade emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 33 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false How do I trade emission credits? 1045.720 Section 1045.720 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM SPARK-IGNITION PROPULSION MARINE ENGINES AND VESSELS Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification §...

  7. 40 CFR 1039.720 - How do I trade emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false How do I trade emission credits? 1039.720 Section 1039.720 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE NONROAD COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification §...

  8. 40 CFR 1039.720 - How do I trade emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 33 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false How do I trade emission credits? 1039.720 Section 1039.720 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE NONROAD COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification §...

  9. 40 CFR 1054.720 - How do I trade emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 34 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false How do I trade emission credits? 1054.720 Section 1054.720 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW, SMALL NONROAD SPARK-IGNITION ENGINES AND EQUIPMENT Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification §...

  10. 40 CFR 1039.720 - How do I trade emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 33 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false How do I trade emission credits? 1039.720 Section 1039.720 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE NONROAD COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification §...

  11. 40 CFR 1054.720 - How do I trade emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 33 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false How do I trade emission credits? 1054.720 Section 1054.720 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW, SMALL NONROAD SPARK-IGNITION ENGINES AND EQUIPMENT Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification §...

  12. 40 CFR 1045.720 - How do I trade emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 33 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false How do I trade emission credits? 1045.720 Section 1045.720 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM SPARK-IGNITION PROPULSION MARINE ENGINES AND VESSELS Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification §...

  13. 40 CFR 1045.720 - How do I trade emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false How do I trade emission credits? 1045.720 Section 1045.720 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM SPARK-IGNITION PROPULSION MARINE ENGINES AND VESSELS Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification §...

  14. 13 CFR 108.440 - Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control. 108.440 Section 108.440 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NEW MARKETS VENTURE CAPITAL (âNMVCâ) PROGRAM Changes in Ownership, Structure, or...

  15. 13 CFR 108.440 - Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control. 108.440 Section 108.440 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NEW MARKETS VENTURE CAPITAL (âNMVCâ) PROGRAM Changes in Ownership, Structure, or...

  16. 13 CFR 108.440 - Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control. 108.440 Section 108.440 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NEW MARKETS VENTURE CAPITAL (âNMVCâ) PROGRAM Changes in Ownership, Structure, or...

  17. 13 CFR 108.440 - Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control. 108.440 Section 108.440 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NEW MARKETS VENTURE CAPITAL (âNMVCâ) PROGRAM Changes in Ownership, Structure, or...

  18. SIMPLE TRANSIENT CALCULATIONS OF CELL FLAMMABLE GAS CONCENTRATIONS

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    NOEMAIL), J; David Allison; John Mccord, J

    2009-05-06

    The Saltstone Facility at Savannah River Site (SRS) mixes low-level radiological liquid waste with grout for permanent disposal as cement in vault cells. The grout mixture is poured into each cell in approximately 17 batches (8 to 10 hours duration). The grout mixture contains ten flammable gases of concern that are released from the mixture into the cell. Prior to operations, simple parametric transient calculations were performed to develop batch parameters (including schedule of batch pours) to support operational efficiency while ensuring that a flammable gas mixture does not develop in the cell vapor space. The analysis demonstrated that amore » nonflammable vapor space environment can be achieved, with workable operational constraints, without crediting the ventilation flow as a safety system control. Isopar L was identified as the primary flammable gas of concern. The transient calculations balanced inflows of the flammable gases into the vapor space with credited outflows of diurnal breathing through vent holes and displacement from new grout pours and gases generated. Other important features of the analyses included identifying conditions that inhibited a well-mixed vapor space, the expected frequency and duration of such conditions, and the estimated level of stratification that could develop.« less

  19. 12 CFR Appendix M2 to Part 226 - Actual Repayment Disclosures

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Disclosures (a) Calculating actual repayment disclosures. (1) Definitions. (i) “Retail credit card” means a credit card that is issued by a retailer that can be used only in transactions with the retailer or a group of retailers that are related by common ownership or control, or a credit card where a retailer...

  20. 78 FR 62930 - Order Providing Broker-Dealers a Temporary Exemption From the Requirements of Certain New...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-10-22

    ... accurately document their market, credit, and liquidity risk management controls under new paragraph (a)(23...)(2) to Rule 15c3-3 regarding the treatment of customers' free credit balances. Additionally, broker... incorporates certain requirements from Rule 15c3-2 (customers' free credit balances), including the requirement...

  1. Stepwise Analysis of Differential Item Functioning Based on Multiple-Group Partial Credit Model.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Muraki, Eiji

    1999-01-01

    Extended an Item Response Theory (IRT) method for detection of differential item functioning to the partial credit model and applied the method to simulated data using a stepwise procedure. Then applied the stepwise DIF analysis based on the multiple-group partial credit model to writing trend data from the National Assessment of Educational…

  2. 76 FR 19524 - Publication of Inflation Adjustment Factor, Nonconventional Source Fuel Credit, and Reference...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-07

    ... determine the credit allowable under section 45K for coke or coke gas (other than from petroleum based... credit, and reference price apply to coke or coke gas (other than from petroleum based products) sold during calendar year 2010. Inflation Adjustment Factor: The inflation adjustment factor for coke or coke...

  3. 78 FR 21008 - Publication of Inflation Adjustment Factor, Nonconventional Source Fuel Credit, and Reference...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-08

    ... determine the credit allowable under section 45K for coke or coke gas (other than from petroleum based... credit, and reference price apply to coke or coke gas (other than from petroleum based products) sold during calendar year 2012. Inflation Adjustment Factor: The inflation adjustment factor for coke or coke...

  4. 76 FR 13902 - Fair Credit Reporting Risk-Based Pricing Regulations

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-15

    ... consumer when the creditor uses a consumer report to grant or extend credit to the consumer on material.... Information from a consumer report is often used in evaluating the risk posed by the consumer. Creditors that... report in connection with an extension of credit and, based in whole or in part on the consumer report...

  5. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in adults with chronic kidney disease in Turkey: results from the CREDIT study.

    PubMed

    Altun, Bülent; Süleymanlar, Gültekin; Utaş, Cengiz; Arınsoy, Turgay; Ateş, Kenan; Ecder, Tevfik; Camsarı, Taner; Serdengeçti, Kamil

    2012-01-01

    In the Chronic REnal Disease in Turkey-CREDIT Study, a large populationbased study on 10,748 adults, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and relationship between CKD and other cardiovascular risk factors had been studied. This report presents the results of CREDIT study on the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension among CKD patients. The prevalence and awareness of hypertension in CREDIT population was 32.7% and 48.6%, respectively. Of the patients with hypertension, 31.5% were under treatment, and 16.4% had hypertension under control. Prevalence of CKD was 25.3% in patients with hypertension. Among CKD patients (15.7% of the CREDIT study population), 56.3% had hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension was 34.8% at stage 1, 79.8% at stage 3, and 92.3% at stage 5 CKD. Only 13.4% of patients with CKD have optimal blood pressure. Among CKD patients, 61.9% were aware of hypertension, and 44.2% were under treatment. Overall control rate of hypertension in subjects with CKD was 16.3% with the lowest rate at stage 1 (12.3%) and highest rate at stage 4 (40%). The control rate increased to 28.8% for CKD patients under treatment for hypertension. As a conclusion, hypertension is highly prevalent in subjects with CKD in Turkey with suboptimal awareness, treatment, and control rates. Appropriate health strategies should be implicated to improve prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of hypertension, which is one of the leading causes of CKD. Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel.

  6. A distributed predictive control approach for periodic flow-based networks: application to drinking water systems

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Grosso, Juan M.; Ocampo-Martinez, Carlos; Puig, Vicenç

    2017-10-01

    This paper proposes a distributed model predictive control approach designed to work in a cooperative manner for controlling flow-based networks showing periodic behaviours. Under this distributed approach, local controllers cooperate in order to enhance the performance of the whole flow network avoiding the use of a coordination layer. Alternatively, controllers use both the monolithic model of the network and the given global cost function to optimise the control inputs of the local controllers but taking into account the effect of their decisions over the remainder subsystems conforming the entire network. In this sense, a global (all-to-all) communication strategy is considered. Although the Pareto optimality cannot be reached due to the existence of non-sparse coupling constraints, the asymptotic convergence to a Nash equilibrium is guaranteed. The resultant strategy is tested and its effectiveness is shown when applied to a large-scale complex flow-based network: the Barcelona drinking water supply system.

  7. Large Unbalanced Credit Scoring Using Lasso-Logistic Regression Ensemble

    PubMed Central

    Wang, Hong; Xu, Qingsong; Zhou, Lifeng

    2015-01-01

    Recently, various ensemble learning methods with different base classifiers have been proposed for credit scoring problems. However, for various reasons, there has been little research using logistic regression as the base classifier. In this paper, given large unbalanced data, we consider the plausibility of ensemble learning using regularized logistic regression as the base classifier to deal with credit scoring problems. In this research, the data is first balanced and diversified by clustering and bagging algorithms. Then we apply a Lasso-logistic regression learning ensemble to evaluate the credit risks. We show that the proposed algorithm outperforms popular credit scoring models such as decision tree, Lasso-logistic regression and random forests in terms of AUC and F-measure. We also provide two importance measures for the proposed model to identify important variables in the data. PMID:25706988

  8. The early indicators of financial failure: a study of bankrupt and solvent health systems.

    PubMed

    Coyne, Joseph S; Singh, Sher G

    2008-01-01

    This article presents a series of pertinent predictors of financial failure based on analysis of solvent and bankrupt health systems to identify which financial measures show the clearest distinction between success and failure. Early warning signals are evident from the longitudinal analysis as early as five years before bankruptcy. The data source includes seven years of annual statements filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission by 13 health systems before they filed bankruptcy. Comparative data were compiled from five solvent health systems for the same seven-year period. Seven financial solvency ratios are included in this study, including four cash liquidity measures, two leverage measures, and one efficiency measure. The results show distinct financial trends between solvent and bankrupt health systems, in particular for the operating-cash-flow-related measures, namely Ratio 1: Operating Cash Flow Percentage Change, from prior to current period; Ratio 2: Operating Cash Flow to Net Revenues; and Ratio 4: Cash Flow to Total Liabilities, indicating sensitivity in the hospital industry to cash flow management. The high dependence on credit from third-party payers is cited as a reason for this; thus, there is a great need for cash to fund operations. Five managerial policy implications are provided to help health system managers avoid financial solvency problems in the future.

  9. Research on virtual network load balancing based on OpenFlow

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Peng, Rong; Ding, Lei

    2017-08-01

    The Network based on OpenFlow technology separate the control module and data forwarding module. Global deployment of load balancing strategy through network view of control plane is fast and of high efficiency. This paper proposes a Weighted Round-Robin Scheduling algorithm for virtual network and a load balancing plan for server load based on OpenFlow. Load of service nodes and load balancing tasks distribution algorithm will be taken into account.

  10. Stability and sensitivity of ABR flow control protocols

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tsai, Wie K.; Kim, Yuseok; Chiussi, Fabio; Toh, Chai-Keong

    1998-10-01

    This tutorial paper surveys the important issues in stability and sensitivity analysis of ABR flow control of ATM networks. THe stability and sensitivity issues are formulated in a systematic framework. Four main cause of instability in ABR flow control are identified: unstable control laws, temporal variations of available bandwidth with delayed feedback control, misbehaving components, and interactions between higher layer protocols and ABR flow control. Popular rate-based ABR flow control protocols are evaluated. Stability and sensitivity is shown to be the fundamental issues when the network has dynamically-varying bandwidth. Simulation result confirming the theoretical studies are provided. Open research problems are discussed.

  11. Analysis of Lean Initiatives in the Production of Naval Aviators

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-09-01

    originated in the 1950s with an engineer named Eji Toyoda, and a production genius Taiichi Ohno at Toyota in Japan. Toyoda and Ohno are credited with...to flow wastes must be eliminated. Taiichi Ohno, the designer of the Toyota Production System, was obsessed with making materials flow and to...pooling between phases or blocks.  Producing quality defects . Delays (waiting).–Varying scheduling priorities for students during different blocks of

  12. A online credit evaluation method based on AHP and SPA

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Xu, Yingtao; Zhang, Ying

    2009-07-01

    Online credit evaluation is the foundation for the establishment of trust and for the management of risk between buyers and sellers in e-commerce. In this paper, a new credit evaluation method based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the set pair analysis (SPA) is presented to determine the credibility of the electronic commerce participants. It solves some of the drawbacks found in classical credit evaluation methods and broadens the scope of current approaches. Both qualitative and quantitative indicators are considered in the proposed method, then a overall credit score is achieved from the optimal perspective. In the end, a case analysis of China Garment Network is provided for illustrative purposes.

  13. USING TRADABLE CREDITS TO MANAGE STORMWATER

    EPA Science Inventory

    Excess stormwater runoff causes degradation of urban stream habitat through conveyance of pollutants and disruption of normal stream flow regimes. Following on acceptance of tradable permits as a mechanism for reducing certain air pollutants, we propose the use of a system of tra...

  14. Market incentives and pharmaceutical innovation.

    PubMed

    Yin, Wesley

    2008-07-01

    I study the impact of the Orphan Drug Act (ODA), which established tax incentives for rare disease drug development. I examine the flow of new clinical drug trials for a large set of rare diseases. Among more prevalent rare diseases, the ODA led to a significant and sustained increase in new trials. The impact for less prevalent rare diseases was limited to an increase in the stock of drugs. Tax credits can stimulate R & D; yet because they leave revenue margins unaffected, tax credits appear to have a more limited impact on private innovation in markets with smaller revenue potential.

  15. A descriptive analysis of the 2008 credit crisis on multistate healthcare systems: what impact did it have on their financial performance?

    PubMed

    McCue, Michael J

    2010-01-01

    Due to the recent credit crisis and recession of 2008, hospitals experienced substantial losses in their investment portfolios. The author analyzed key financial accounts of 15 large, multistate healthcare systems that measured their changes in value of their investments, changes in net assets, liquidity ratios, and other performance ratios. Overall, he found that the majority of these systems did incur financial losses in their investment portfolios; however, for the majority of these systems, their liquidity and cash flow margin ratios declined slightly whereas their capital expenditure and community benefits increased.

  16. The pricing of credit default swaps under a generalized mixed fractional Brownian motion

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    He, Xinjiang; Chen, Wenting

    2014-06-01

    In this paper, we consider the pricing of the CDS (credit default swap) under a GMFBM (generalized mixed fractional Brownian motion) model. As the name suggests, the GMFBM model is indeed a generalization of all the FBM (fractional Brownian motion) models used in the literature, and is proved to be able to effectively capture the long-range dependence of the stock returns. To develop the pricing mechanics of the CDS, we firstly derive a sufficient condition for the market modeled under the GMFBM to be arbitrage free. Then under the risk-neutral assumption, the CDS is fairly priced by investigating the two legs of the cash flow involved. The price we obtained involves elementary functions only, and can be easily implemented for practical purpose. Finally, based on numerical experiments, we analyze quantitatively the impacts of different parameters on the prices of the CDS. Interestingly, in comparison with all the other FBM models documented in the literature, the results produced from the GMFBM model are in a better agreement with those calculated from the classical Black-Scholes model.

  17. Design of an FPGA-based electronic flow regulator (EFR) for spacecraft propulsion system

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Manikandan, J.; Jayaraman, M.; Jayachandran, M.

    2011-02-01

    This paper describes a scheme for electronically regulating the flow of propellant to the thruster from a high-pressure storage tank used in spacecraft application. Precise flow delivery of propellant to thrusters ensures propulsion system operation at best efficiency by maximizing the propellant and power utilization for the mission. The proposed field programmable gate array (FPGA) based electronic flow regulator (EFR) is used to ensure precise flow of propellant to the thrusters from a high-pressure storage tank used in spacecraft application. This paper presents hardware and software design of electronic flow regulator and implementation of the regulation logic onto an FPGA.Motivation for proposed FPGA-based electronic flow regulation is on the disadvantages of conventional approach of using analog circuits. Digital flow regulation overcomes the analog equivalent as digital circuits are highly flexible, are not much affected due to noise, accurate performance is repeatable, interface is easier to computers, storing facilities are possible and finally failure rate of digital circuits is less. FPGA has certain advantages over ASIC and microprocessor/micro-controller that motivated us to opt for FPGA-based electronic flow regulator. Also the control algorithm being software, it is well modifiable without changing the hardware. This scheme is simple enough to adopt for a wide range of applications, where the flow is to be regulated for efficient operation.The proposed scheme is based on a space-qualified re-configurable field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) and hybrid micro circuit (HMC). A graphical user interface (GUI) based application software is also developed for debugging, monitoring and controlling the electronic flow regulator from PC COM port.

  18. Flow control for a paper-based microfluidic device by adjusting permeability of paper

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jang, Ilhoon; Kim, Gangjune; Song, Simon

    2014-11-01

    The paper-based microfluidics has attracted intensive attention as a prospective substitute for conventional microfluidic substrates used for a point-of-care diagnostics due to its superior advantages such as the cost effectiveness and production simplicity. Generally, a paper-based microfluidic device utilizes capillary force to drive a flow. Recent studies on flow control in such a device aimed at obtaining accurate and quantitative results by varying a channel geometry like width and length. According to the Darcy's law describing a flow in a porous media like paper, a flow rate can be adjusted the permeability of paper. In this study, we investigate a flow control method by adjusting the permeability of paper. We utilize the wax printing for the adjustment and the fabrication of paper channels. A rectangular wax pattern was printed on one inlet channel of a Y-channel geometry. By varying the brightness of the wax pattern, a relationship between the flow rate and permeability changes due to the wax was investigated. As a result, we obtained an effective permeability contour with respect to the wax pattern length and brightness. In addition, we developed a paper-based micromixer of which the mixing ratio was controlled precisely by adjusting the permeability.

  19. 75 FR 49423 - Alternatives to the Use of External Credit Ratings in the Regulations of the OCC

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-13

    ..., Credit and Market Risk Division, (202) 874-5670; or Carl Kaminski, Senior Attorney, Legislative and... agencies' risk-based capital frameworks. II. OCC Regulations Referencing Credit Ratings The non-capital... interest rate, credit, liquidity, price and other risks presented by investments, and the investments must...

  20. 12 CFR 226.59 - Reevaluation of rate increases.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... SYSTEM TRUTH IN LENDING (REGULATION Z) Special Rules Applicable to Credit Card Accounts and Open-End...) Evaluation of increased rate. If a card issuer increases an annual percentage rate that applies to a credit card account under an open-end (not home-secured) consumer credit plan, based on the credit risk of the...

  1. 12 CFR 226.59 - Reevaluation of rate increases.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... SYSTEM TRUTH IN LENDING (REGULATION Z) Special Rules Applicable to Credit Card Accounts and Open-End...) Evaluation of increased rate. If a card issuer increases an annual percentage rate that applies to a credit card account under an open-end (not home-secured) consumer credit plan, based on the credit risk of the...

  2. KSC-2010-5293

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2010-10-21

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- At NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, testing of the Tilt-Up Umbilical Arm (TUUA) prototype's Environmental Control System Quick Disconnect takes place in the Launch Equipment Test Facility's 6,000-square-foot high bay. The prototype is used to demonstrate the safe disconnect and retraction of ground umbilical plates and associated hardware of a launch vehicle's upper stage and service module. The Environmental Control System consists of regulated air, which would be used to purge an inner tank and crew module. Since 1977, the facility has supported NASA’s Launch Services, shuttle, International Space Station, and Constellation programs, as well as commercial providers. The facility recently underwent a major upgrade to support even more programs, projects and customers. It houses a cable fabrication and molding shop, pneumatics shop, machine and weld shop and full-scale control room. Outside, the facility features a water flow test loop, vehicle motion simulator, 600-ton test fixture, launch simulation towers and a cryogenic system. Photo credit: NASA/Jack Pfaller

  3. KSC-2010-5290

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2010-10-21

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- At NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, testing of the Tilt-Up Umbilical Arm (TUUA) prototype's Environmental Control System Quick Disconnect takes place in the Launch Equipment Test Facility's 6,000-square-foot high bay. The prototype is used to demonstrate the safe disconnect and retraction of ground umbilical plates and associated hardware of a launch vehicle's upper stage and service module. The Environmental Control System consists of regulated air, which would be used to purge an inner tank and crew module. Since 1977, the facility has supported NASA’s Launch Services, shuttle, International Space Station, and Constellation programs, as well as commercial providers. The facility recently underwent a major upgrade to support even more programs, projects and customers. It houses a cable fabrication and molding shop, pneumatics shop, machine and weld shop and full-scale control room. Outside, the facility features a water flow test loop, vehicle motion simulator, 600-ton test fixture, launch simulation towers and a cryogenic system. Photo credit: NASA/Jack Pfaller

  4. KSC-2010-5292

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2010-10-21

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- At NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, testing of the Tilt-Up Umbilical Arm (TUUA) prototype's Environmental Control System Quick Disconnect takes place in the Launch Equipment Test Facility's 6,000-square-foot high bay. The prototype is used to demonstrate the safe disconnect and retraction of ground umbilical plates and associated hardware of a launch vehicle's upper stage and service module. The Environmental Control System consists of regulated air, which would be used to purge an inner tank and crew module. Since 1977, the facility has supported NASA’s Launch Services, shuttle, International Space Station, and Constellation programs, as well as commercial providers. The facility recently underwent a major upgrade to support even more programs, projects and customers. It houses a cable fabrication and molding shop, pneumatics shop, machine and weld shop and full-scale control room. Outside, the facility features a water flow test loop, vehicle motion simulator, 600-ton test fixture, launch simulation towers and a cryogenic system. Photo credit: NASA/Jack Pfaller

  5. KSC-2010-5291

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2010-10-21

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- At NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, testing of the Tilt-Up Umbilical Arm (TUUA) prototype's Environmental Control System Quick Disconnect takes place in the Launch Equipment Test Facility's 6,000-square-foot high bay. The prototype is used to demonstrate the safe disconnect and retraction of ground umbilical plates and associated hardware of a launch vehicle's upper stage and service module. The Environmental Control System consists of regulated air, which would be used to purge an inner tank and crew module. Since 1977, the facility has supported NASA’s Launch Services, shuttle, International Space Station, and Constellation programs, as well as commercial providers. The facility recently underwent a major upgrade to support even more programs, projects and customers. It houses a cable fabrication and molding shop, pneumatics shop, machine and weld shop and full-scale control room. Outside, the facility features a water flow test loop, vehicle motion simulator, 600-ton test fixture, launch simulation towers and a cryogenic system. Photo credit: NASA/Jack Pfaller

  6. Advancing College Opportunity: An Impact Evaluation of the Growth of Dual Credit in Stark and Wayne Counties, Ohio

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Rochford, Joseph A.; O'Neill, Adrienne; Gelb, Adele

    2009-01-01

    This impact evaluation looks at three years of growth for "high school-based dual credit" courses exclusive of Canton's Early College High School in Stark and Wayne Counties. As "high school based dual credit" is increasingly implemented in low wealth and urban districts, accompanied by an increase in high school teachers…

  7. Credit Where Credit Is Due: An Approach to Education Returns Based on Shapley Values

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Barakat, Bilal; Crespo Cuaresma, Jesus

    2017-01-01

    We propose the use of methods based on the Shapley value to assess the fact that private returns to lower levels of educational attainment should be credited with part of the returns from higher attainment levels, since achieving primary education is a necessary condition to enter secondary and tertiary educational levels. We apply the proposed…

  8. 31 CFR 515.406 - Drafts under irrevocable letters of credit; documentary drafts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Drafts under irrevocable letters of credit; documentary drafts. 515.406 Section 515.406 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY CUBAN ASSETS CONTROL REGULATIONS Interpretations §...

  9. 31 CFR 515.406 - Drafts under irrevocable letters of credit; documentary drafts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Drafts under irrevocable letters of credit; documentary drafts. 515.406 Section 515.406 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY CUBAN ASSETS CONTROL REGULATIONS Interpretations §...

  10. 31 CFR 515.406 - Drafts under irrevocable letters of credit; documentary drafts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Drafts under irrevocable letters of credit; documentary drafts. 515.406 Section 515.406 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY CUBAN ASSETS CONTROL REGULATIONS Interpretations §...

  11. 31 CFR 515.406 - Drafts under irrevocable letters of credit; documentary drafts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Drafts under irrevocable letters of credit; documentary drafts. 515.406 Section 515.406 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY CUBAN ASSETS CONTROL REGULATIONS Interpretations §...

  12. 31 CFR 515.406 - Drafts under irrevocable letters of credit; documentary drafts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Drafts under irrevocable letters of credit; documentary drafts. 515.406 Section 515.406 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY CUBAN ASSETS CONTROL REGULATIONS Interpretations §...

  13. 31 CFR 500.406 - Drafts under irrevocable letters of credit; documentary drafts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Drafts under irrevocable letters of credit; documentary drafts. 500.406 Section 500.406 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL REGULATIONS Interpretations § 50...

  14. 13 CFR 108.410 - Changes in Control of NMVC Company (through change in ownership or otherwise).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Changes in Control of NMVC Company (through change in ownership or otherwise). 108.410 Section 108.410 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NEW MARKETS VENTURE CAPITAL (âNMVCâ) PROGRAM Changes in Ownership, Structure, or...

  15. 40 CFR 1051.715 - How do I trade emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 33 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false How do I trade emission credits? 1051.715 Section 1051.715 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM RECREATIONAL ENGINES AND VEHICLES Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification § 1051.715 How do I trade...

  16. 40 CFR 1051.715 - How do I trade emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 33 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false How do I trade emission credits? 1051.715 Section 1051.715 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM RECREATIONAL ENGINES AND VEHICLES Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification § 1051.715 How do I trade...

  17. 40 CFR 1051.715 - How do I trade emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 34 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false How do I trade emission credits? 1051.715 Section 1051.715 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM RECREATIONAL ENGINES AND VEHICLES Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification § 1051.715 How do I trade...

  18. 40 CFR 1051.715 - How do I trade emission credits?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false How do I trade emission credits? 1051.715 Section 1051.715 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM RECREATIONAL ENGINES AND VEHICLES Averaging, Banking, and Trading for Certification § 1051.715 How do I trade...

  19. 13 CFR 108.460 - Restrictions on Common Control or ownership of two (or more) NMVC Companies.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Restrictions on Common Control or ownership of two (or more) NMVC Companies. 108.460 Section 108.460 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NEW MARKETS VENTURE CAPITAL (âNMVCâ) PROGRAM Changes in Ownership, Structure, or...

  20. In Vivo Evaluation of Active and Passive Physiological Control Systems for Rotary Left and Right Ventricular Assist Devices.

    PubMed

    Gregory, Shaun D; Stevens, Michael C; Pauls, Jo P; Schummy, Emma; Diab, Sara; Thomson, Bruce; Anderson, Ben; Tansley, Geoff; Salamonsen, Robert; Fraser, John F; Timms, Daniel

    2016-09-01

    Preventing ventricular suction and venous congestion through balancing flow rates and circulatory volumes with dual rotary ventricular assist devices (VADs) configured for biventricular support is clinically challenging due to their low preload and high afterload sensitivities relative to the natural heart. This study presents the in vivo evaluation of several physiological control systems, which aim to prevent ventricular suction and venous congestion. The control systems included a sensor-based, master/slave (MS) controller that altered left and right VAD speed based on pressure and flow; a sensor-less compliant inflow cannula (IC), which altered inlet resistance and, therefore, pump flow based on preload; a sensor-less compliant outflow cannula (OC) on the right VAD, which altered outlet resistance and thus pump flow based on afterload; and a combined controller, which incorporated the MS controller, compliant IC, and compliant OC. Each control system was evaluated in vivo under step increases in systemic (SVR ∼1400-2400 dyne/s/cm(5) ) and pulmonary (PVR ∼200-1000 dyne/s/cm(5) ) vascular resistances in four sheep supported by dual rotary VADs in a biventricular assist configuration. Constant speed support was also evaluated for comparison and resulted in suction events during all resistance increases and pulmonary congestion during SVR increases. The MS controller reduced suction events and prevented congestion through an initial sharp reduction in pump flow followed by a gradual return to baseline (5.0 L/min). The compliant IC prevented suction events; however, reduced pump flows and pulmonary congestion were noted during the SVR increase. The compliant OC maintained pump flow close to baseline (5.0 L/min) and prevented suction and congestion during PVR increases. The combined controller responded similarly to the MS controller to prevent suction and congestion events in all cases while providing a backup system in the event of single controller failure. © 2016 International Center for Artificial Organs and Transplantation and Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  1. Software defined network architecture based research on load balancing strategy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    You, Xiaoqian; Wu, Yang

    2018-05-01

    As a new type network architecture, software defined network has the key idea of separating the control place of the network from the transmission plane, to manage and control the network in a concentrated way; in addition, the network interface is opened on the control layer and the data layer, so as to achieve programmable control of the network. Considering that only the single shortest route is taken into the calculation of traditional network data flow transmission, and congestion and resource consumption caused by excessive load of link circuits are ignored, a link circuit load based flow media business QoS gurantee system is proposed in this article to divide the flow in the network into ordinary data flow and QoS flow. In this way, it supervises the link circuit load with the controller so as to calculate reasonable route rapidly and issue the flow table to the exchanger, to finish rapid data transmission. In addition, it establishes a simulation platform to acquire optimized result through simulation experiment.

  2. Data-nonintrusive photonics-based credit card verifier with a low false rejection rate.

    PubMed

    Sumriddetchkajorn, Sarun; Intaravanne, Yuttana

    2010-02-10

    We propose and experimentally demonstrate a noninvasive credit card verifier with a low false rejection rate (FRR). Our key idea is based on the use of three broadband light sources in our data-nonintrusive photonics-based credit card verifier structure, where spectral components of the embossed hologram images are registered as red, green, and blue. In this case, nine distinguishable variables are generated for a feed-forward neural network (FFNN). In addition, we investigate the center of mass of the image histogram projected onto the x axis (I(color)), making our system more tolerant of the intensity fluctuation of the light source. We also reduce the unwanted signals on each hologram image by simply dividing the hologram image into three zones and then calculating their corresponding I(color) values for red, green, and blue bands. With our proposed concepts, we implement our field test prototype in which three broadband white light light-emitting diodes (LEDs), a two-dimensional digital color camera, and a four-layer FFNN are used. Based on 249 genuine credit cards and 258 counterfeit credit cards, we find that the average of differences in I(color) values between genuine and counterfeit credit cards is improved by 1.5 times and up to 13.7 times. In this case, we can effectively verify credit cards with a very low FRR of 0.79%.

  3. Synergizing green and gray infrastructures to increase water supply resilience in the Brazos River basin in Texas

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gao, H.; Yamazaki, D.; Finley, T.; Bohn, T. J.; Low, G.; Sabo, J. L.

    2017-12-01

    Water infrastructure lies at the heart of the challenges and opportunities of Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM). Green infrastructure (e.g., wetlands restoration) presents an alternative to its hard-path counterpart - gray infrastructure, which often has external, economic and unmeasured ecological costs. But the science framework to prioritize green infrastructure buildout is nascent. In this study, we addressed this gap in Brazos River basin in Texas, in the context of corporate decisions to secure water supplies for various water stewardship objectives. We developed a physically-based tool to quantify the potential for wetland restoration to restore desired flows (hydrology), and a financial framework for comparing its cost-benefit with heightening an existing dam (conservation finance). Our framework has three components. First, we harnessed a topographic index (HAND) to identify the potential wetlands sites. Second, we coupled a land surface model (VIC) with a hydrodynamic model (CaMa-Flood) to investigate the effects of wetland size, location, and vegetation on hydrology. Finally, we estimated the net present value, indirect rate of return and payback period for green (wetlands) vs. gray (reservoir expansion) infrastructure. We found wetlands have more substantial impact on peak flow than baseflow. Interestingly, wetlands can improve baseflow reliability but not directly except with the largest (>400 km2) projects. Peak flow reduction volumes of wetlands if used as credits towards reservoir flood-control storage provide adequate conservation storage to deliver guaranteed reliability of baseflow. Hence, the synergy of existing dams with newly created wetlands offers a promising natural solution to increase water supply resilience, while green projects also generate revenue compared to their gray counterparts. This study demonstrates the possibility of using innovative engineering design to synergize green and gray infrastructures to convert water conflict to opportunities.

  4. 13 CFR 120.1000 - Risk-Based Lender Oversight.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Risk-Based Lender Oversight. 120.1000 Section 120.1000 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Risk-Based Lender Oversight Supervision § 120.1000 Risk-Based Lender Oversight. (a) Risk-Based Lender...

  5. Astronaut Scott Carpenter - Practices - Air Lubricated Free Attitude (ALFA) Trainer - Langley AFB, VA

    NASA Image and Video Library

    1962-01-01

    S62-01145 (1961) --- Project Mercury astronaut M. Scott Carpenter practices manual control of a spacecraft in the Air Lubricated Free Attitude (ALFA) trainer located at NASA?s Langley Air Force Base, Virginia. This trainer allows the astronaut to see the image of Earth?s surface at his feet while manually controlling the spacecraft. Carpenter has been selected as the prime pilot of the United States? second orbital flight. Photo credit: NASA

  6. Electrokinetic high pressure hydraulic system

    DOEpatents

    Paul, Phillip H.; Rakestraw, David J.; Arnold, Don W.; Hencken, Kenneth R.; Schoeniger, Joseph S.; Neyer, David W.

    2001-01-01

    An electrokinetic high pressure hydraulic pump for manipulating fluids in capillary-based systems. The pump uses electro-osmotic flow to provide a high pressure hydraulic system, having no moving mechanical parts, for pumping and/or compressing fluids, for providing valve means and means for opening and closing valves, for controlling fluid flow rate, and manipulating fluid flow generally and in capillary-based systems (Microsystems), in particular. The compact nature of the inventive high pressure hydraulic pump provides the ability to construct a micro-scale or capillary-based HPLC system that fulfills the desire for small sample quantity, low solvent consumption, improved efficiency, the ability to run samples in parallel, and field portability. Control of pressure and solvent flow rate is achieved by controlling the voltage applied to an electrokinetic pump.

  7. Electrokinetic high pressure hydraulic system

    DOEpatents

    Paul, Phillip H.; Rakestraw, David J.; Arnold, Don W.; Hencken, Kenneth R.; Schoeniger, Joseph S.; Neyer, David W.

    2003-06-03

    An electrokinetic high pressure hydraulic pump for manipulating fluids in capillary-based system. The pump uses electro-osmotic flow to provide a high pressure hydraulic system, having no moving mechanical parts, for pumping and/or compressing fluids, for providing valve means and means for opening and closing valves, for controlling fluid flow rate, and manipulating fluid flow generally and in capillary-based systems (microsystems), in particular. The compact nature of the inventive high pressure hydraulic pump provides the ability to construct a micro-scale or capillary-based HPLC system that fulfills the desire for small sample quantity, low solvent consumption, improved efficiency, the ability to run samples in parallel, and field portability. Control of pressure and solvent flow rate is achieved by controlling the voltage applied to an electrokinetic pump.

  8. KSC-2009-2100

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-03-15

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – In Firing Room 4 of the Launch Control Center at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, Flow Director for space shuttle Discovery Stephanie Stilson, Assistant Launch Director Pete Nickolenko and Shuttle Launch Director Mike Leinbach check the computers for follow-up images of the launch of space shuttle Discovery on the STS-119 mission. Launch was on time at 7:43 p.m. EDT. The STS-119 mission is the 28th to the space station and Discovery's 36th flight. Discovery will deliver the final pair of power-generating solar array wings and the S6 truss segment. Installation of S6 will signal the station's readiness to house a six-member crew for conducting increased science. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

  9. A Mechanism for Anonymous Credit Card Systems

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tamura, Shinsuke; Yanase, Tatsuro

    This paper proposes a mechanism for anonymous credit card systems, in which each credit card holder can conceal individual transactions from the credit card company, while enabling the credit card company to calculate the total expenditures of transactions of individual card holders during specified periods, and to identify card holders who executed dishonest transactions. Based on three existing mechanisms, i.e. anonymous authentication, blind signature and secure statistical data gathering, together with implicit transaction links proposed here, the proposed mechanism enables development of anonymous credit card systems without assuming any absolutely trustworthy entity like tamper resistant devices or organizations faithful both to the credit card company and card holders.

  10. 40 CFR 403.7 - Removal credits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... representative of the actual operation of the POTW Treatment Plant, an alternative sampling schedule will be... statistically valid description of daily, weekly and seasonal sewage treatment plant loadings and performance... the intentional or unintentional diversion of flow from the POTW before the POTW Treatment Plant...

  11. 75 FR 63107 - Alternatives to the Use of External Credit Ratings in the Regulations of the OTS

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-14

    ..., savings associations must consider the interest rate, credit, liquidity, price and other risks presented... subject only to moderate credit risk, and for whom expectations of default risk over the term of the... securities activities based on the levels and types of risks in its portfolio. As with the credit quality...

  12. 40 CFR 86.1869-12 - CO2 credits for off-cycle CO2-reducing technologies.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... average over 5-cycle testing. (ii) High efficiency exterior lights. Credits may be accrued for high efficiency lighting as defined in paragraph (b)(4) of this section based on the lighting locations with such lighting installed. Credits for high efficiency lighting are the sum of the credits for the applicable...

  13. Reduced order modeling and active flow control of an inlet duct

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ge, Xiaoqing

    Many aerodynamic applications require the modeling of compressible flows in or around a body, e.g., the design of aircraft, inlet or exhaust duct, wind turbines, or tall buildings. Traditional methods use wind tunnel experiments and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of the flows. Although they provide a great deal of insight into the essential characteristics of the flow field, they are not suitable for control analysis and design due to the high physical/computational cost. Many model reduction methods have been studied to reduce the complexity of the flow model. There are two main approaches: linearization based input/output modeling and proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) based model reduction. The former captures mostly the local behavior near a steady state, which is suitable to model laminar flow dynamics. The latter obtains a reduced order model by projecting the governing equation onto an "optimal" subspace and is able to model complex nonlinear flow phenomena. In this research we investigate various model reduction approaches and compare them in flow modeling and control design. We propose an integrated model-based control methodology and apply it to the reduced order modeling and active flow control of compressible flows within a very aggressive (length to exit diameter ratio, L/D, of 1.5) inlet duct and its upstream contraction section. The approach systematically applies reduced order modeling, estimator design, sensor placement and control design to improve the aerodynamic performance. The main contribution of this work is the development of a hybrid model reduction approach that attempts to combine the best features of input/output model identification and POD method. We first identify a linear input/output model by using a subspace algorithm. We next project the difference between CFD response and the identified model response onto a set of POD basis. This trajectory is fit to a nonlinear dynamical model to augment the linear input/output model. Thus, the full system is decomposed into a dominant linear subsystem and a low order nonlinear subsystem. The hybrid model is then used for control design and compared with other modeling methods in CFD simulations. Numerical results indicate that the hybrid model accurately predicts the nonlinear behavior of the flow for a 2D diffuser contraction section model. It also performs best in terms of feedback control design and learning control. Since some outputs of interest (e.g., the AIP pressure recovery) are not observable during normal operations, static and dynamic estimators are designed to recreate the information from available sensor measurements. The latter also provides a state estimation for feedback controller. Based on the reduced order models and estimators, different controllers are designed to improve the aerodynamic performance of the contraction section and inlet duct. The integrated control methodology is evaluated with CFD simulations. Numerical results demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of the active flow control based on reduced order models. Our reduced order models not only generate a good approximation of the nonlinear flow dynamics over a wide input range, but also help to design controllers that significantly improve the flow response. The tools developed for model reduction, estimator and control design can also be applied to wind tunnel experiment.

  14. Evaluating Water Supply and Water Quality Management Options for Las Vegas Valley

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ahmad, S.

    2007-05-01

    The ever increasing population in Las Vegas is generating huge demand for water supply on one hand and need for infrastructure to collect and treat the wastewater on the other hand. Current plans to address water demand include importing water from Muddy and Virgin Rivers and northern counties, desalination of seawater with trade- payoff in California, water banking in Arizona and California, and more intense water conservation efforts in the Las Vegas Valley (LVV). Water and wastewater in the LVV are intrinsically related because treated wastewater effluent is returned back to Lake Mead, the drinking water source for the Valley, to get a return credit thereby augmenting Nevada's water allocation from the Colorado River. The return of treated wastewater however, is a major contributor of nutrients and other yet unregulated pollutants to Lake Mead. Parameters that influence the quantity of water include growth of permanent and transient population (i.e., tourists), indoor and outdoor water use, wastewater generation, wastewater reuse, water conservation, and return flow credits. The water quality of Lake Mead and the Colorado River is affected by the level of treatment of wastewater, urban runoff, groundwater seepage, and a few industrial inputs. We developed an integrated simulation model, using system dynamics modeling approach, to account for both water quantity and quality in the LVV. The model captures the interrelationships among many variables that influence both, water quantity and water quality. The model provides a valuable tool for understanding past, present and future pathways of water and its constituents in the LVV. The model is calibrated and validated using the available data on water quantity (flows at water and wastewater treatment facilities and return water credit flow rates) and water quality parameters (TDS and phosphorus concentrations). We used the model to explore important questions: a)What would be the effect of the water transported from the northern counties on the water supply and water quality of Lake Mead? b)What would be the impact of increased reuse of wastewater on return credits? c)What would be the effect of treating runoff water on the load of nutrients to Lake Mead?

  15. A neural network model for credit risk evaluation.

    PubMed

    Khashman, Adnan

    2009-08-01

    Credit scoring is one of the key analytical techniques in credit risk evaluation which has been an active research area in financial risk management. This paper presents a credit risk evaluation system that uses a neural network model based on the back propagation learning algorithm. We train and implement the neural network to decide whether to approve or reject a credit application, using seven learning schemes and real world credit applications from the Australian credit approval datasets. A comparison of the system performance under the different learning schemes is provided, furthermore, we compare the performance of two neural networks; with one and two hidden layers following the ideal learning scheme. Experimental results suggest that neural networks can be effectively used in automatic processing of credit applications.

  16. Design and Evaluation of Dual-Expander Aerospike Nozzle Upper Stage Engine

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-09-18

    Nozzle , taken from Martin [2] . . . . . 19 2.3 Typical Liquid Rocket Engine Cycles from Huzel and Huang[3], credit J. Hall[4] 21 2.4 Liquid Rocket Engine...giving the maximum thrust. For steady, supersonic flow (no separation from the nozzle ) the exit pressure is constant for a given engine plus nozzle ...performance independent of a rocket’s nozzle . Assuming one-dimensional, steady, and isentropic flow of a perfect gas gives the definition for characteristic

  17. Canyonlands National Park, UT, USA

    NASA Image and Video Library

    1973-06-22

    SL2-81-014 (22 June 1973) --- Desert and mountain scenery along the Utah/Colorado border are displayed in this scene of the Canyonlands National Park, UT (39.0N, 110.0W). The park occupies the near center of the image, displaying spectacular incised meanders and the bulls-eye structure of Upheaval Dome (a salt dome). The Green River and the Colorado River flow southward to join (off scene) before flowing through the Grand Canyon National Park. Photo credit: NASA

  18. A Novel Approach to Adaptive Flow Separation Control

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-09-03

    particular, it considers control of flow separation over a NACA-0025 airfoil using microjet actuators and develops Adaptive Sampling Based Model...Predictive Control ( Adaptive SBMPC), a novel approach to Nonlinear Model Predictive Control that applies the Minimal Resource Allocation Network...Distribution Unlimited UU UU UU UU 03-09-2016 1-May-2013 30-Apr-2016 Final Report: A Novel Approach to Adaptive Flow Separation Control The views, opinions

  19. Linear control of oscillator and amplifier flows*

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Schmid, Peter J.; Sipp, Denis

    2016-08-01

    Linear control applied to fluid systems near an equilibrium point has important applications for many flows of industrial or fundamental interest. In this article we give an exposition of tools and approaches for the design of control strategies for globally stable or unstable flows. For unstable oscillator flows a feedback configuration and a model-based approach is proposed, while for stable noise-amplifier flows a feedforward setup and an approach based on system identification is advocated. Model reduction and robustness issues are addressed for the oscillator case; statistical learning techniques are emphasized for the amplifier case. Effective suppression of global and convective instabilities could be demonstrated for either case, even though the system-identification approach results in a superior robustness to off-design conditions.

  20. Observer-based perturbation extremum seeking control with input constraints for direct-contact membrane distillation process

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Eleiwi, Fadi; Laleg-Kirati, Taous Meriem

    2018-06-01

    An observer-based perturbation extremum seeking control is proposed for a direct-contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process. The process is described with a dynamic model that is based on a 2D advection-diffusion equation model which has pump flow rates as process inputs. The objective of the controller is to optimise the trade-off between the permeate mass flux and the energy consumption by the pumps inside the process. Cases of single and multiple control inputs are considered through the use of only the feed pump flow rate or both the feed and the permeate pump flow rates. A nonlinear Lyapunov-based observer is designed to provide an estimation for the temperature distribution all over the designated domain of the DCMD process. Moreover, control inputs are constrained with an anti-windup technique to be within feasible and physical ranges. Performance of the proposed structure is analysed, and simulations based on real DCMD process parameters for each control input are provided.

  1. 12 CFR 215.9 - Disclosure of credit from member banks to executive officers and principal shareholders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Disclosure of credit from member banks to executive officers and principal shareholders. 215.9 Section 215.9 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM... includes a person that controls a principal shareholder (e.g., a person that controls a bank holding...

  2. 68. Credit FM. Detail showing operators. Note cooling duct (now ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    68. Credit FM. Detail showing operators. Note cooling duct (now removed), governor (now removed), hand-operated needle valve controls (now removed). - Battle Creek Hydroelectric System, Battle Creek & Tributaries, Red Bluff, Tehama County, CA

  3. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Liu, Xiaobing; Zheng, O'Neill; Niu, Fuxin

    Most commercial ground source heat pump systems (GSHP) in the United States are in a distributed configuration. These systems circulate water or an anti-freeze solution through multiple heat pump units via a central pumping system, which usually uses variable speed pump(s). Variable speed pumps have potential to significantly reduce pumping energy use; however, the energy savings in reality could be far away from its potential due to improper pumping system design and controls. In this paper, a simplified hydronic pumping system was simulated with the dynamic Modelica models to evaluate three different pumping control strategies. This includes two conventional controlmore » strategies, which are to maintain a constant differential pressure across either the supply and return mains, or at the most hydraulically remote heat pump; and an innovative control strategy, which adjusts system flow rate based on the demand of each heat pump. The simulation results indicate that a significant overflow occurs at part load conditions when the variable speed pump is controlled to main a constant differential pressure across the supply and return mains of the piping system. On the other hand, an underflow occurs at part load conditions when the variable speed pump is controlled to maintain a constant differential pressure across the furthest heat pump. The flow-demand-based control can provide needed flow rate to each heat pump at any given time, and with less pumping energy use than the two conventional controls. Finally, a typical distributed GSHP system was studied to evaluate the energy saving potential of applying the flow-demand-based pumping control strategy. This case study shows that the annual pumping energy consumption can be reduced by 62% using the flow-demand-based control compared with that using the conventional pressure-based control to maintain a constant differential pressure a cross the supply and return mains.« less

  4. An empirical research on evaluating banks' credit assessment of corporate customers.

    PubMed

    Tsai, Sang-Bing; Li, Guodong; Wu, Chia-Huei; Zheng, Yuxiang; Wang, Jiangtao

    2016-01-01

    Under the rapid change of the global financial environment, the risk control of the credit granting is viewed as the foremost task to each bank. With the impact one by one from financial crisis and European debt crisis, the steady bank business is also facing the severe challenge. Banks approve the credits for their customers and then make money from the interest. Credit granting is not only the primary job but also the main source of income. The quality of credit granting concerns not just the reclaims of creditor's rights; it also affects the successful running of banks. To enhance the reliability and usefulness of bank credit risk assessment, we first will delve in the facets and indexes in the bank credit risk assessment. Then, we will examine the different dimensions of cause-effect relationships and correlations in the assessment process. Finally, the study focuses on how to raise the functions and benefits of the bank credit risk assessment. In those five credit risk evaluation dimensions, A "optional capability" and D "competitiveness" are of high relation and high prominence among those dimensions, influencing other items obviously. By actively focusing on these two dimensions and improving their credit risk assessment ability will solve the foremost problems and also solve other facets of credit risk assessment problems at the same time.

  5. The Perceived Value of University-Based, Continuing Education Leadership Development Programs for Administrators in Higher Education: An Intangibles Model of Value Creation

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Stone, Geraldine Louise

    2012-01-01

    This study examined the perceived value of leadership development programs (LDPs) provided by continuing education for administrators in colleges and universities. Included in this study were questions about the perceived value of non-credit, credit, and blended (credit and non-credit) programs at the individual, institutional, and higher…

  6. 7 CFR 1980.392 - Mortgage Credit Certificates (MCCs) and Funded Buydown Accounts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... under the Tax Reform Act of 1986 and allow the borrower to receive a Federal tax credit for a percentage... assisted loans when the amount of the tax credit is based on the amount of interest actually paid by the... of the tax credit is considered as an additional resource available for repayment of the loan when...

  7. Differences in the Gambling Behavior of Online and Non-Online Student Gamblers in a Controlled Laboratory Environment

    PubMed Central

    Montes, Kevin S.; Weatherly, Jeffrey N.

    2016-01-01

    Although research suggests that approximately 1 in 4 college students report having gambled online, few laboratory-based studies have been conducted enlisting online student gamblers. Moreover, it is unclear the extent to which differences in gambling behavior exist between online and non-online student gamblers. The current study examined if online gamblers would play more hands, commit more errors, and wager more credits than non-online student gamblers in a controlled, laboratory environment. Online (n = 19) and non-online (n = 26) student gamblers played video poker in three separate sessions and the number of hands played, errors committed, and credits wagered were recorded. Results showed that online student gamblers played more hands and committed more errors playing video poker than non-online student gamblers. The results from the current study extend previous research by suggesting that online gamblers engage in potentially more deleterious gambling behavior (e.g., playing more hands and committing more errors) than non-online gamblers. Additional research is needed to examine differences in the gambling behavior of online and non-online gamblers in a controlled, laboratory environment. PMID:27106027

  8. 12 CFR 34.3 - General rule.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ..., for example, the borrower's current and expected income, current and expected cash flows, net worth, other relevant financial resources, current financial obligations, employment status, credit history, or... thereunder in connection with loans made under this part. [68 FR 70131, Dec. 17, 2003, as amended at 69 FR...

  9. 12 CFR 34.3 - General rule.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ..., for example, the borrower's current and expected income, current and expected cash flows, net worth, other relevant financial resources, current financial obligations, employment status, credit history, or... thereunder in connection with loans made under this part. [68 FR 70131, Dec. 17, 2003, as amended at 69 FR...

  10. 12 CFR 715.2 - Definitions used in this part.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... of cash flows. (b) Compensated person refers to any accounting/auditing professional, excluding a... financial data, including accompanying notes, derived from accounting records of the credit union, and... therein for a period of time, in conformity with GAAP, as defined herein, or regulatory accounting...

  11. 12 CFR 715.2 - Definitions used in this part.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... of cash flows. (b) Compensated person refers to any accounting/auditing professional, excluding a... financial data, including accompanying notes, derived from accounting records of the credit union, and... therein for a period of time, in conformity with GAAP, as defined herein, or regulatory accounting...

  12. 12 CFR 715.2 - Definitions used in this part.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... of cash flows. (b) Compensated person refers to any accounting/auditing professional, excluding a... financial data, including accompanying notes, derived from accounting records of the credit union, and... therein for a period of time, in conformity with GAAP, as defined herein, or regulatory accounting...

  13. Pressure-Aware Control Layer Optimization for Flow-Based Microfluidic Biochips.

    PubMed

    Wang, Qin; Xu, Yue; Zuo, Shiliang; Yao, Hailong; Ho, Tsung-Yi; Li, Bing; Schlichtmann, Ulf; Cai, Yici

    2017-12-01

    Flow-based microfluidic biochips are attracting increasing attention with successful biomedical applications. One critical issue with flow-based microfluidic biochips is the large number of microvalves that require peripheral control pins. Even using the broadcasting addressing scheme, i.e., one control pin controls multiple microvalves simultaneously, thousands of microvalves would still require hundreds of control prins, which is unrealistic. To address this critical challenge in control scalability, the control-layer multiplexer is introduced to effectively reduce the number of control pins into log scale of the number of microvalves. There are two practical design issues with the control-layer multiplexer: (1) the reliability issue caused by the frequent control-valve switching, and (2) the pressure degradation problem caused by the control-valve switching without pressure refreshing from the pressure source. This paper addresses these two design issues by the proposed Hamming-distance-based switching sequence optimization method and the XOR-based pressure refreshing method. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed methods with an average 77.2% (maximum 89.6%) improvement in total pressure refreshing cost, and an average 88.5% (maximum 90.0%) improvement in pressure deviation.

  14. Development of model-based control for Bridgman crystal growth

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sonda, Paul; Yeckel, Andrew; Daoutidis, Prodromos; Derby, Jeffrey. J.

    2004-05-01

    We study the feasibility of using crucible rotation with feedback control to suppress oscillatory flows in two prototypical vertical Bridgman crystal growth systems—a stabilizing configuration driven by a time-oscillatory furnace disturbance and a thermally destabilized configuration, which exhibits inherent time-varying flows. Proportional controllers are applied to the two systems, with volume-averaged flow speed chosen as the single controlled output and crucible rotation chosen as the manipulated input. Proportional control is able to significantly suppress oscillations in the stabilizing configuration. For the destabilized case, control is effective for small-amplitude flows but is generally ineffective, due to the exacerbating effect of crucible rotation on the time-dependent flows exhibited by this system.

  15. Modeling a phosphorus credit trading program in an agricultural watershed.

    PubMed

    Corrales, Juliana; Naja, G Melodie; Bhat, Mahadev G; Miralles-Wilhelm, Fernando

    2014-10-01

    Water quality and economic models were linked to assess the economic and environmental benefits of implementing a phosphorus credit trading program in an agricultural sub-basin of Lake Okeechobee watershed, Florida, United States. The water quality model determined the effects of rainfall, land use type, and agricultural management practices on the amount of total phosphorus (TP) discharged. TP loadings generated at the farm level, reaching the nearby streams, and attenuated to the sub-basin outlet from all sources within the sub-basin, were estimated at 106.4, 91, and 85 mtons yr(-)(1), respectively. Almost 95% of the TP loadings reaching the nearby streams were attributed to agriculture sources, and only 1.2% originated from urban areas, accounting for a combined TP load of 87.9 mtons yr(-)(1). In order to compare a Least-Cost Abatement approach to a Command-and-Control approach, the most cost effective cap of 30% TP reduction was selected, and the individual allocation was set at a TP load target of 1.6 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) (at the nearby stream level). The Least-Cost Abatement approach generated a potential cost savings of 27% ($1.3 million per year), based on an optimal credit price of $179. Dairies (major buyer), ornamentals, row crops, and sod farms were identified as potential credit buyers, whereas citrus, improved pastures (major seller), and urban areas were identified as potential credit sellers. Almost 81% of the TP credits available for trading were exchanged. The methodology presented here can be adapted to deal with different forms of trading sources, contaminants, or other technologies and management practices. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  16. 12 CFR 567.3 - Individual minimum capital requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... risk, credit risk, concentration of credit risk, certain risks arising from nontraditional activities... operating risks, particularly the risks presented by concentrations of credit and nontraditional activities... capital requirement for a savings association that varies from the risk-based capital requirement, the...

  17. Flow Instability and Flow Control Scaling Laws

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    van Ness, Daniel; Corke, Thomas; Morris, Scott

    2006-11-01

    A flow instability that is receptive to perturbations is present in the tip clearance leakage flow over the tip of a turbine blade. This instability was investigated through the introduction of active flow control in the viscous flow field. Control was implemented in the form of a dielectric barrier discharge created by a weakly-ionized plasma actuation arrangement. The experimental setup consisted of a low-speed linear turbine cascade made up of an array of nine Pratt & Whitney ``PakB'' turbine blades. This idealized cascade configuration was used to examine the tip clearance leakage flow that exists within the low pressure turbine stage of a gas-turbine engine. The center blade of the cascade array had a variable tip clearance up to five percent chord. Reynolds numbers based on axial blade chord varied from 10^4 to 10^5. Multi-port pressure probe measurements, as well as Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry were used to document the dependence of the instability on the frequency and amplitude of flow control perturbations. Scaling laws based on the variation of blade tip clearance height and inflow conditions were investigated. These results permitted an improved understanding of the mechanism of flow instability.

  18. Quality Circles: An Innovative Program to Improve Military Hospitals

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1982-08-01

    quality control. However, Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa is credited with starting the first "Quality Control Circles" and registering them with the Japanese Union of...McGregor and Abraham Maslow into a unique style of management. In 1962 Dr. Ishikawa , a professor at Tokyo University, developed the QC concept based on...RECOMMENDATIONS Conclusions The QC concept has come a long way since Dr. Ishikawa gave it birth in 1962. It has left an enviable record of success along its

  19. A health insurance tax credit for uninsured workers.

    PubMed

    Zelenak, L

    2001-01-01

    This paper describes a new system of tax credits to help low-income workers pay for health insurance. The system would be designed to subsidize health insurance coverage for workers who are currently uninsured, or who pay high premiums for nongroup insurance. Anyone age 19 or older who is not covered by Medicaid, Medicare, or employer-sponsored health insurance would be eligible for a health insurance tax credit (HITC), administered through the Internal Revenue Service. The base amount of the proposed credit would be $2,000 per year for each covered individual, but this amount would be adjusted for the individual's age and sex, according to the effect of age and sex on the cost of insurance coverage. The base amount of the credit would be reduced by $150 for every $1,000 by which a person's income exceeded 200% of the federal poverty level, thus limiting HITC eligibility to lower-income workers. To encourage participation in the credit program, most of the credit would be available through an advance payment system, with final reconciliation after year's end.

  20. Assessing the State of Procurement Knowledge Production: Implications for the Federal Government

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-10-31

    NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND...archiving of the canonical knowledge base, quality control of published information, and assignment of priority and credit for their work to authors...recognizes the value of theory-based research and graduate education in strategic purchasing—evidenced by its investment in an acclaimed strategic purchasing

  1. A simulation-based study on different control strategies for variable speed pump in distributed ground source heat pump systems

    DOE PAGES

    Liu, Xiaobing; Zheng, O'Neill; Niu, Fuxin

    2016-01-01

    Most commercial ground source heat pump systems (GSHP) in the United States are in a distributed configuration. These systems circulate water or an anti-freeze solution through multiple heat pump units via a central pumping system, which usually uses variable speed pump(s). Variable speed pumps have potential to significantly reduce pumping energy use; however, the energy savings in reality could be far away from its potential due to improper pumping system design and controls. In this paper, a simplified hydronic pumping system was simulated with the dynamic Modelica models to evaluate three different pumping control strategies. This includes two conventional controlmore » strategies, which are to maintain a constant differential pressure across either the supply and return mains, or at the most hydraulically remote heat pump; and an innovative control strategy, which adjusts system flow rate based on the demand of each heat pump. The simulation results indicate that a significant overflow occurs at part load conditions when the variable speed pump is controlled to main a constant differential pressure across the supply and return mains of the piping system. On the other hand, an underflow occurs at part load conditions when the variable speed pump is controlled to maintain a constant differential pressure across the furthest heat pump. The flow-demand-based control can provide needed flow rate to each heat pump at any given time, and with less pumping energy use than the two conventional controls. Finally, a typical distributed GSHP system was studied to evaluate the energy saving potential of applying the flow-demand-based pumping control strategy. This case study shows that the annual pumping energy consumption can be reduced by 62% using the flow-demand-based control compared with that using the conventional pressure-based control to maintain a constant differential pressure a cross the supply and return mains.« less

  2. Proposed control tower and cockpit visibility readouts based on an airport-aircraft information flow system

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1971-07-01

    The problem of displaying visibility information to both : controller and pilot is discussed in the context of visibility : information flow in the airport-aircraft system. : The optimum amount of visibility information, as well as its : rate of flow...

  3. Evolution of optically nondestructive and data-non-intrusive credit card verifiers

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sumriddetchkajorn, Sarun; Intaravanne, Yuttana

    2010-04-01

    Since the deployment of the credit card, the number of credit card fraud cases has grown rapidly with a huge amount of loss in millions of US dollars. Instead of asking more information from the credit card's holder or taking risk through payment approval, a nondestructive and data-non-intrusive credit card verifier is highly desirable before transaction begins. In this paper, we review optical techniques that have been proposed and invented in order to make the genuine credit card more distinguishable than the counterfeit credit card. Several optical approaches for the implementation of credit card verifiers are also included. In particular, we highlight our invention on a hyperspectral-imaging based portable credit card verifier structure that offers a very low false error rate of 0.79%. Other key features include low cost, simplicity in design and implementation, no moving part, no need of an additional decoding key, and adaptive learning.

  4. Development of an Active Flow Control Technique for an Airplane High-Lift Configuration

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shmilovich, Arvin; Yadlin, Yoram; Dickey, Eric D.; Hartwich, Peter M.; Khodadoust, Abdi

    2017-01-01

    This study focuses on Active Flow Control methods used in conjunction with airplane high-lift systems. The project is motivated by the simplified high-lift system, which offers enhanced airplane performance compared to conventional high-lift systems. Computational simulations are used to guide the implementation of preferred flow control methods, which require a fluidic supply. It is first demonstrated that flow control applied to a high-lift configuration that consists of simple hinge flaps is capable of attaining the performance of the conventional high-lift counterpart. A set of flow control techniques has been subsequently considered to identify promising candidates, where the central requirement is that the mass flow for actuation has to be within available resources onboard. The flow control methods are based on constant blowing, fluidic oscillators, and traverse actuation. The simulations indicate that the traverse actuation offers a substantial reduction in required mass flow, and it is especially effective when the frequency of actuation is consistent with the characteristic time scale of the flow.

  5. Installation of a Low Flow Unit at the Abiquiu Hydroelectric Facility

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Jack Q. Richardson

    2012-06-28

    Final Technical Report for the Recovery Act Project for the Installation of a Low Flow Unit at the Abiquiu Hydroelectric Facility. The Abiquiu hydroelectric facility existed with two each 6.9 MW vertical flow Francis turbine-generators. This project installed a new 3.1 MW horizontal flow low flow turbine-generator. The total plant flow range to capture energy and generate power increased from between 250 and 1,300 cfs to between 75 and 1,550 cfs. Fifty full time equivalent (FTE) construction jobs were created for this project - 50% (or 25 FTE) were credited to ARRA funding due to the ARRA 50% project costmore » match. The Abiquiu facility has increased capacity, increased efficiency and provides for an improved aquatic environment owing to installed dissolved oxygen capabilities during traditional low flow periods in the Rio Chama. A new powerhouse addition was constructed to house the new turbine-generator equipment.« less

  6. 7 CFR 1738.20 - Credit support requirement.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... determined by a feasibility study satisfactory to RUS. This cash requirement will be waived for applicants operating as telecommunications companies which have positive cash flow for the two calendar years... part of the minimum 20 percent requirement, cash or, in the case of State and local governments, cash...

  7. 7 CFR 1738.20 - Credit support requirement.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... part of the minimum 20 percent requirement, cash or, in the case of State and local governments, cash... determined by a feasibility study satisfactory to RUS. This cash requirement will be waived for applicants operating as telecommunications companies which have positive cash flow for the two calendar years...

  8. Fiscal Reality After the 2008 Financial Crisis

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-03-24

    mortgages, the CDOs were one step removed from these cash flows . 9 Other financial instruments followed that were two or more steps removed from the...original source of the cash flows . Sophisticated math is also a key to creating credit default swaps (CDSs), a form of financial derivative. These...LIEUTENANT COLONEL STEVEN P. MARCH United States Army Reserve Se ni or S er vi ce C ol le ge F el lo w sh ip Ci vi lia n Re se ar ch P ro je

  9. Active flow separation control by a position-based iterative learning control algorithm with experimental validation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cai, Zhonglun; Chen, Peng; Angland, David; Zhang, Xin

    2014-03-01

    A novel iterative learning control (ILC) algorithm was developed and applied to an active flow control problem. The technique uses pulsed air jets to delay flow separation on a two-element high-lift wing. The ILC algorithm uses position-based pressure measurements to update the actuation. The method was experimentally tested on a wing model in a 0.9 m × 0.6 m low-speed wind tunnel at the University of Southampton. Compressed air and fast switching solenoid valves were used as actuators to excite the flow, and the pressure distribution around the chord of the wing was measured as a feedback control signal for the ILC controller. Experimental results showed that the actuation was able to delay the separation and increase the lift by approximately 10%-15%. By using the ILC algorithm, the controller was able to find the optimum control input and maintain the improvement despite sudden changes of the separation position.

  10. Active control of jet flowfields

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kibens, Valdis; Wlezien, Richard W.

    1987-06-01

    Passive and active control of jet shear layer development were investigated as mechanisms for modifying the global characteristics of jet flowfields. Slanted and stepped indeterminate origin (I.O.) nozzles were used as passive, geometry-based control devices which modified the flow origins. Active control techniques were also investigated, in which periodic acoustic excitation signals were injected into the I.O. nozzle shear layers. Flow visualization techniques based on a pulsed copper-vapor laser were used in a phase-conditioned image acquisition mode to assemble optically averaged sets of images acquired at known times throughout the repetition cycle of the basic flow oscillation period. Hot wire data were used to verify the effect of the control techniques on the mean and fluctuating flow properties. The flow visualization images were digitally enhanced and processed to show locations of prominent vorticity concentrations. Three-dimensional vortex interaction patterns were assembled in a format suitable for movie mode on a graphic display workstation, showing the evolution of three-dimensional vortex system in time.

  11. Reducing the pressure drag of a D-shaped bluff body using linear feedback control

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dalla Longa, L.; Morgans, A. S.; Dahan, J. A.

    2017-12-01

    The pressure drag of blunt bluff bodies is highly relevant in many practical applications, including to the aerodynamic drag of road vehicles. This paper presents theory revealing that a mean drag reduction can be achieved by manipulating wake flow fluctuations. A linear feedback control strategy then exploits this idea, targeting attenuation of the spatially integrated base (back face) pressure fluctuations. Large-eddy simulations of the flow over a D-shaped blunt bluff body are used as a test-bed for this control strategy. The flow response to synthetic jet actuation is characterised using system identification, and controller design is via shaping of the frequency response to achieve fluctuation attenuation. The designed controller successfully attenuates integrated base pressure fluctuations, increasing the time-averaged pressure on the body base by 38%. The effect on the flow field is to push the roll-up of vortices further downstream and increase the extent of the recirculation bubble. This control approach uses only body-mounted sensing/actuation and input-output model identification, meaning that it could be applied experimentally.

  12. Credit PSR. View looks south (180°) across North Base Road ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    Credit PSR. View looks south (180°) across North Base Road at foundations for Quarters "A", one arm of which appears at right. Bare earth at extreme left is entrance to parking lot between Quarters "A" and "B" - Edwards Air Force Base, North Base, Officers' Quarters B, North Base Road, Boron, Kern County, CA

  13. Development of a Mechatronic Syringe Pump to Control Fluid Flow in a Microfluidic Device Based on Polyimide Film

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sek Tee, Kian; Sharil Saripan, Muhammad; Yap, Hiung Yin; Fhong Soon, Chin

    2017-08-01

    With the advancement in microfluidic technology, fluid flow control for syringe pump is always essential. In this paper, a mechatronic syringe pump will be developed and customized to control the fluid flow in a poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic device based on a polyimide laminating film. The syringe pump is designed to drive fluid with flow rates of 100 and 1000 μl/min which intended to drive continuous fluid in a polyimide based microfluidic device. The electronic system consists of an Arduino microcontroller board and a uni-polar stepper motor. In the system, the uni-polar stepper motor was coupled to a linear slider attached to the plunger of a syringe pump. As the motor rotates, the plunger pumps the liquid out of the syringe. The accuracy of the fluid flow rate was determined by adjusting the number of micro-step/revolution to drive the stepper motor to infuse fluid into the microfluidic device. With the precise control of the electronic system, the syringe pump could accurately inject fluid volume at 100 and 1000 μl/min into a microfluidic device.

  14. Active bypass flow control for a seal in a gas turbine engine

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Ebert, Todd A.; Kimmel, Keith D.

    An active bypass flow control system for controlling bypass compressed air based upon leakage flow of compressed air flowing past an outer balance seal between a stator and rotor of a first stage of a gas turbine in a gas turbine engine is disclosed. The active bypass flow control system is an adjustable system in which one or more metering devices may be used to control the flow of bypass compressed air as the flow of compressed air past the outer balance seal changes over time as the outer balance seal between the rim cavity and the cooling cavity wears.more » In at least one embodiment, the metering device may include a valve formed from one or more pins movable between open and closed positions in which the one pin at least partially bisects the bypass channel to regulate flow.« less

  15. Development of polymeric coatings for control of electro-osmotic flow in ASTP MA-011 electrophoresis technology experiment

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Patterson, W. J.

    1976-01-01

    The development of a methyl cellulose based coating system for control of electro-osmotic flow at the walls of electrophoresis cells is described. Flight electrophoresis columns were coated with this system, resulting in a flight set of six columns. In flight photography of MA-011 electrophoretic separations verified control of electro-osmotic flow.

  16. Hydrologic and geomorphic controls on hyporheic exchange during base flow recession in a headwater mountain stream

    Treesearch

    A.S. Ward; M. Fitzgerald; M.N. Gooseff; A.M. Binley; K. Singha

    2012-01-01

    Hyporheic hydrodynamics are a control on stream ecosystems, yet we lack a thorough understanding of catchment controls on these flow paths, including valley constraint and hydraulic gradients in the valley bottom. We performed four whole-stream solute tracer injections under steady state flow conditions at the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Oregon, United States)...

  17. Turbulent Flow Modification With Thermoacoustic Waves for Separation Control

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-08-24

    analyses using two different approaches in order to provide guidance to physics-based design of active flow control using thermal-based actuators. RPPR... control effects are also observed by Post & Corke (2004) on the same airfoil. The uses of plasma actuators on other shear layer setups have been...region may be a more practical approach than introducing control inputs externally. On the other hand, Barone & Lele (2005) studied the receptivity of the

  18. Implementing a Web-Based Registration and Administration System for Credit-by-Examination: Graduate Education Course Test Case.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wang, Lih-Ching Chen

    2002-01-01

    Discusses the problems and successes encountered in implementing a Web-based registration and administration system for credit-by-examination in a required graduate course, detailing the ways in which this system improves upon its paper-based predecessor. (EV)

  19. Optimal feedback control of turbulent channel flow

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bewley, Thomas; Choi, Haecheon; Temam, Roger; Moin, Parviz

    1993-01-01

    Feedback control equations were developed and tested for computing wall normal control velocities to control turbulent flow in a channel with the objective of reducing drag. The technique used is the minimization of a 'cost functional' which is constructed to represent some balance of the drag integrated over the wall and the net control effort. A distribution of wall velocities is found which minimizes this cost functional some time shortly in the future based on current observations of the flow near the wall. Preliminary direct numerical simulations of the scheme applied to turbulent channel flow indicates it provides approximately 17 percent drag reduction. The mechanism apparent when the scheme is applied to a simplified flow situation is also discussed.

  20. Identifying Hydrogeological Controls of Catchment Low-Flow Dynamics Using Physically Based Modelling

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cochand, F.; Carlier, C.; Staudinger, M.; Seibert, J.; Hunkeler, D.; Brunner, P.

    2017-12-01

    Identifying key catchment characteristics and processes which control the hydrological response under low-flow conditions is important to assess the catchments' vulnerability to dry periods. In the context of a Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) project, the low-flow behaviours of two mountainous catchments were investigated. These neighboring catchments are characterized by the same meteorological conditions, but feature completely different river flow dynamics. The Roethenbach is characterized by high peak flows and low mean flows. Conversely, the Langete is characterized by relatively low peak flows and high mean flow rates. To understand the fundamentally different behaviour of the two catchments, a physically-based surface-subsurface flow HydroGeoSphere (HGS) model for each catchment was developed. The main advantage of a physically-based model is its ability to realistically reproduce processes which play a key role during low-flow periods such as surface-subsurface interactions or evapotranspiration. Both models were calibrated to reproduce measured groundwater heads and the surface flow dynamics. Subsequently, the calibrated models were used to explore the fundamental physics that control hydrological processes during low-flow periods. To achieve this, a comparative sensitivity analysis of model parameters of both catchments was carried out. Results show that the hydraulic conductivity of the bedrock (and weathered bedrock) controls the catchment water dynamics in both models. Conversely, the properties of other geological formations such as alluvial aquifer or soil layer hydraulic conductivity or porosity play a less important role. These results change significantly our perception of the streamflow catchment dynamics and more specifically the way to assess catchment vulnerability to dry period. This study suggests that by analysing catchment scale bedrock properties, the catchment dynamics and the vulnerability to dry period may be assessed.

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