14 CFR Section 6 - Objective Classification of Balance Sheet Elements

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...] Current Liabilities 2000Current Maturities of Long-term Debt. Record here the face value or principal... not properly classifiable as current. 2005Notes Payable—Banks. Record here the face value of all notes... should be included in account 2000. 2015Notes Payable—Other. Record here the face value of all notes...

14 CFR Section 6 - Objective Classification of Balance Sheet Elements

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...] Current Liabilities 2000Current Maturities of Long-term Debt. Record here the face value or principal... not properly classifiable as current. 2005Notes Payable—Banks. Record here the face value of all notes... should be included in account 2000. 2015Notes Payable—Other. Record here the face value of all notes...

31 CFR 351.14 - When are rate announcements that apply to Series EE savings bonds announced?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... apply to Series EE savings bonds announced? 351.14 Section 351.14 Money and Finance: Treasury... PUBLIC DEBT OFFERING OF UNITED STATES SAVINGS BONDS, SERIES EE Maturities, Redemption Values, and Investment Yields of Series EE Savings Bonds General Provisions § 351.14 When are rate announcements that...

Pharmacy Students' Attitudes Toward Debt.

PubMed

Park, Taehwan; Yusuf, Akeem A; Hadsall, Ronald S

2015-05-25

To examine pharmacy students' attitudes toward debt. Two hundred thirteen pharmacy students at the University of Minnesota were surveyed using items designed to assess attitudes toward debt. Factor analysis was performed to identify common themes. Subgroup analysis was performed to examine whether students' debt-tolerant attitudes varied according to their demographic characteristics, past loan experience, monthly income, and workload. Principal component extraction with varimax rotation identified 3 factor themes accounting for 49.0% of the total variance: tolerant attitudes toward debt (23.5%); contemplation and knowledge about loans (14.3%); and fear of debt (11.2%). Tolerant attitudes toward debt were higher if students were white or if they had had past loan experience. These 3 themes in students' attitudes toward debt were consistent with those identified in previous research. Pharmacy schools should consider providing a structured financial education to improve student management of debt.

Transfer of financial risk and alternative financing solutions.

PubMed

Levitt, Jeffrey C

2004-01-01

The high cost of health care in the United States has created a number of alarming economic and social problems. It has contributed to a greater number of underinsured and uninsured individuals living in the United States, and forced people to either ration or not purchase the care they need. Accumulated medical debt is grossly disproportionate to the US median AGI, and accounted for at least 25 percent of all personal bankruptcies. For patients, a guaranteed loan program specifically for medical procedures and treatments with below market interest rates would help alleviate bankruptcies related to medical debt by lowering payments and extending the loan maturities. A guaranteed loan program would also improve the debt charge-off rate for medical providers that carry patient receivables and reduce the risk of their balance sheets. This might hold or reduce the rate at which health care inflation grows. The health care loan program could model the current student loan programs and produce significant economic and societal benefits.

A framework for evaluating capital structure.

PubMed

Sterns, J B; Majidzadeh, T K

1995-01-01

This article describes the rationale for accessing variable rate debt and the appropriate amount. It explores historical interest rate relationships and explains the motivation for incurring variable rate debt during certain interest rate environments. The article also explores the risks of variable rate debt and the liquid resources needed for prudent asset-liability management. Finally, the article outlines the financial statement impact of using variable rate debt.

Entrapment and Enmeshment Schemes Used by Sex Traffickers.

PubMed

Reid, Joan A

2016-09-01

Emerging research suggests that sex traffickers/pimps control the majority of trafficked girls in the United States. The youthfulness of these victims and their lack of psychosocial maturity severely diminish their ability to detect exploitative motives or withstand manipulation of traffickers. A review of 43 cases of sexually exploited girls involving non-relative traffickers and 10 semi-structured interviews with social service providers revealed numerous scripts and schemes used by sex traffickers to entrap and entangle victims including boyfriend/lover scripts, ruses involving debt bondage, friendship or faux-family scripts, threats of forced abortion or to take away children, and coerced co-offending. These findings inform potential prevention efforts and highlight the need for multi-systemic, victim-centered approaches to intervention. © The Author(s) 2014.

Pharmacy Students’ Attitudes Toward Debt

PubMed Central

Yusuf, Akeem A.; Hadsall, Ronald S.

2015-01-01

Objective. To examine pharmacy students’ attitudes toward debt. Methods. Two hundred thirteen pharmacy students at the University of Minnesota were surveyed using items designed to assess attitudes toward debt. Factor analysis was performed to identify common themes. Subgroup analysis was performed to examine whether students’ debt-tolerant attitudes varied according to their demographic characteristics, past loan experience, monthly income, and workload. Results. Principal component extraction with varimax rotation identified 3 factor themes accounting for 49.0% of the total variance: tolerant attitudes toward debt (23.5%); contemplation and knowledge about loans (14.3%); and fear of debt (11.2%). Tolerant attitudes toward debt were higher if students were white or if they had had past loan experience. Conclusion. These 3 themes in students’ attitudes toward debt were consistent with those identified in previous research. Pharmacy schools should consider providing a structured financial education to improve student management of debt. PMID:26089561

Sovereign public debt crisis in Europe. A network analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Matesanz, David; Ortega, Guillermo J.

2015-10-01

In this paper we analyse the evolving network structure of the quarterly public debt-to-GDP ratio from 2000 to 2014. By applying tools and concepts coming from complex systems we study the effects of the global financial crisis over public debt network connections and communities. Two main results arise from this analysis: firstly, countries public debts tend to synchronize their evolution, increasing global connectivity in the network and dramatically decreasing the number of communities. Secondly, a disruption in previous structure is observed at the time of the shock, emerging a more centralized and less diversify network topological organization which might be more prone to suffer contagion effects. This last fact is evidenced by an increasing tendency in countries of similar level of public debt to be connected between them, which we have quantified by the network assortativity.

7 CFR 1782.13 - Transfer of security and assumption of loans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... at the same interest rate as on the borrower's note(s) or bond(s). The maturity of the debt... loans have the same interest rate and are for the same purpose. If applicable, 7 CFR part 1780 will... processing. (2) The transfer will not be disadvantageous to the Government as determined by the approval...

31 CFR 351.14 - When are rate announcements that apply to Series EE savings bonds announced?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... to Series EE savings bonds announced? 351.14 Section 351.14 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations... DEBT OFFERING OF UNITED STATES SAVINGS BONDS, SERIES EE Maturities, Redemption Values, and Investment Yields of Series EE Savings Bonds General Provisions § 351.14 When are rate announcements that apply to...

31 CFR 351.14 - When are rate announcements that apply to Series EE savings bonds announced?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... to Series EE savings bonds announced? 351.14 Section 351.14 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations... DEBT OFFERING OF UNITED STATES SAVINGS BONDS, SERIES EE Maturities, Redemption Values, and Investment Yields of Series EE Savings Bonds General Provisions § 351.14 When are rate announcements that apply to...

31 CFR 351.14 - When are rate announcements that apply to Series EE savings bonds announced?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... to Series EE savings bonds announced? 351.14 Section 351.14 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations... DEBT OFFERING OF UNITED STATES SAVINGS BONDS, SERIES EE Maturities, Redemption Values, and Investment Yields of Series EE Savings Bonds General Provisions § 351.14 When are rate announcements that apply to...

Capital Structure and Stock Returns

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Welch, Ivo

2004-01-01

U.S. corporations do not issue and repurchase debt and equity to counteract the mechanistic effects of stock returns on their debt-equity ratios. Thus over one- to five-year horizons, stock returns can explain about 40 percent of debt ratio dynamics. Although corporate net issuing activity is lively and although it can explain 60 percent of debt…

31 CFR 356.30 - When does the Treasury pay principal and interest on securities?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... the next business day. If a bond is callable, we will pay the principal prior to maturity if we call... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false When does the Treasury pay principal... CIRCULAR, PUBLIC DEBT SERIES NO. 1-93) Miscellaneous Provisions § 356.30 When does the Treasury pay...

Effect of Educational Debt on Emergency Medicine Residents: A Qualitative Study Using Individual Interviews.

PubMed

Young, Timothy P; Brown, Madison M; Reibling, Ellen T; Ghassemzadeh, Sassan; Gordon, Dawn M; Phan, Tammy H; Thomas, Tamara L; Brown, Lance

2016-10-01

In 2001, less than 20% of emergency medicine residents had more than $150,000 of educational debt. Our emergency medicine residents anecdotally reported much larger debt loads. Surveys have reported that debt affects career and life choices. Qualitative approaches are well suited to explore how and why such complex phenomena occur. We aim to gain a better understanding of how our emergency medicine residents experience debt. We conducted individual semistructured interviews with emergency medicine residents. We collected self-reported data related to educational debt and asked open-ended questions about debt influence on career choices, personal life, future plans, and financial decisions. We undertook a structured thematic analysis using a qualitative approach based in the grounded theory method. Median educational debt was $212,000. Six themes emerged from our analysis: (1) debt influenced career and life decisions by altering priorities; (2) residents experienced debt as a persistent source of background stress and felt powerless to change it; (3) residents made use of various techniques to negotiate debt in order to focus on day-to-day work; (4) personal debt philosophy, based on individual values and obtained from family, shaped how debt affected each individual; (5) debt had a normative effect and was acculturated in residency; and (6) residents reported a wide range of financial knowledge, but recognized its importance to career success. Our emergency medicine residents' debt experience is complex and involves multiple dimensions. Given our current understanding, simple solutions are unlikely to be effective in adequately addressing this issue. Copyright © 2016 American College of Emergency Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Relationship among nocturnal sleep deficit, excess weight and metabolic alterations in adolescents.

PubMed

Ruiz, Nelina; Rangel, Airam; Rodríguez, Carla; Rodríguez, Lisette; Rodríguez, Valeria

2014-12-01

Sleep modulates neuroendocrine function and metabolism; therefore, changes in sleep duration may lead to developing obesity during adolescence. To assess the possible association among nocturnal sleep duration, the presence of overweight and metabolic alterations in a group of adolescents. Cross-sectional, analytical study conducted at a school in Valencia, Venezuela, during the 2012-2013 school year. Participants were 12 to 17 year-old adolescents. A survey on nocturnal sleep duration was administered; weight, height and waist circumference were recorded; and glycemia, lipid profile and insulinemia levels were measured. Body mass index and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index were calculated. Ninety adolescents were included. Compared to the group with normal weight, adolescents with excessive weight had, in average, fewer sleep hours Sundays through Thursdays (p < 0.05) and a higher rate of sleep deficit and sleep debt (p < 0.05). Low HDL cholesterol and insulin resistance was significantly associated with sleep debt (p < 0.05). Among adolescents with sleep debt, the risk of having excess weight was 2.70 times higher (95% CI= 1.09-6.72; p= 0.032) regardless of age, gender, sexual maturity, sleep deficit Sundays through Thursdays, and history of cardiovascular disease and diabetes in first-degree relatives. Nocturnal sleep deficit and sleep debt were significantly associated with excess weight and metabolic alterations related to a high cardiometabolic risk.

7 CFR 4290.845 - Maximum rate of amortization on Loans and Debt Securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... INVESTMENT COMPANY (âRBICâ) PROGRAM Financing of Enterprises by RBICs Structuring Rbic Financing of Eligible Enterprises-Types of Financings § 4290.845 Maximum rate of amortization on Loans and Debt Securities. The...

A Class to Prepare Students to Manage Educational Debt.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Popik, Roberta S.; And Others

1986-01-01

A counseling program prepared for Georgetown University School of Dentistry is described. It trains students in concepts associated with short- and long-term financial planning, banking relationships, credit, business planning and structuring debt into an individual student's lifestyle. (MLW)

Financing Projects That Use Clean Energy Technologies: An Overview of Barriers and Opportunities

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Goldman, D. P.; McKenna, J. J.; Murphy, L. M.

2005-10-01

Project finance is asset-based financing, meaning that the project lenders have recourse only to the underlying assets of a project. It involves both debt and equity, where the debt-to-equity ratio is typically large (e.g., 70% debt to 30% equity). Debt is used when available and when it is the least expensive form of financing, with equity still needed for credit worthiness. Most important, revenue from the project must be able to generate a return to the equity investors, and pay for interest and principal on the debt, transaction costs associated with developing and structuring the project, and operations and maintenancemore » costs. Successful project financing must provide a structure to manage and share risks in an optimal way that benefits all participants, allocating risks to those entities that are able to mitigate each specific risk, and to share information about putting risk management in the proper hands at the proper stage of project development. Contractual agreements are, thus, important in risk mitigation. Today's project financing typically involves the creation of a stand-alone project company that is the legal owner of the project assets, and that has contractual agreements with other parties.« less

Reference Manual on Civil Works Planning, Implementation and Finance,

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-09-01

outstanding bond issue prior to the date on which the outstanding bonds become due or callable . Proceeds of the advance refunding bonds are deposited in... CALLABLE BOND . A bond which is subject to redem’tion at the issuer’s option prior to maturity at a specified price at or above par. COMPETITIVE...states and/or local governments incur debt by issuing tax-exempt bonds to finance public investments. Only the current annual payment of principal and

13 CFR 107.815 - Financings in the form of Debt Securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Financing of Small Businesses by Licensees Structuring Licensee's Financing of Eligible Small Businesses: Types of Financing § 107.815 Financings in the form of Debt Securities..., officers, directors or general partners, or the general partners of the management company that is...

'Capital ideas' for health care in 2015.

PubMed

Payne, Christopher T

2015-05-01

Key factors in planning for healthcare financing in 2015 include: New rules related to municipal advisors. Long-term interest rates and the cost of traditional versus synthetic fixed-rate debt. Ways to use interest-rate swaps to take advantage of synthetic fixed-rate debt. Lesser-known structures that may make variable-rate financing advantageous.

Medlantic launches plan to regain A rating.

PubMed

Nemes, J

1992-08-24

By completing the first part of a two-part debt restructuring, Medlantic Healthcare Group has taken another step toward regaining the top-flight debt rating that it had as recently as three years ago. The effort comes one year after the hospital system overhauled its corporate structure to create a more efficient organization and shed itself of unprofitable operations.

Does the seed bank contribute to the build-up of a genetic extinction debt in the grassland perennial Campanula rotundifolia?

PubMed

Plue, Jan; Vandepitte, Katrien; Honnay, Olivier; Cousins, Sara A O

2017-09-01

Habitat fragmentation threatens global biodiversity. Many plant species persist in habitat fragments via persistent life cycle stages such as seed banks, generating a species extinction debt. Here, seed banks are hypothesized to cause a temporal delay in the expected loss of genetic variation, which can be referred to as a genetic extinction debt, as a possible mechanism behind species extinction debts. Fragmented grassland populations of Campanula rotundifolia were examined for evidence of a genetic extinction debt, investigating if the seed bank contributed to the extinction debt build-up. The genetic make-up of 15 above- and below-ground populations was analysed in relation to historical and current levels of habitat fragmentation, both separately and combined. Genetic diversity was highest in above-ground populations, though below-ground populations contained 8 % of unique alleles that were absent above-ground. Above-ground genetic diversity and composition were related to historical patch size and connectivity, but not current patch characteristics, suggesting the presence of a genetic extinction debt in the above-ground populations. No such relationships were found for the below-ground populations. Genetic diversity measures still showed a response to historical but not present landscape characteristics when combining genetic diversity of the above- and below-ground populations. The fragmented C. rotundifolia populations exhibited a genetic extinction debt. However, the role of the seed banks in the build-up of this extinction debt is probably small, since the limited, unique genetic diversity of the seed bank alone seems unable to counter the detrimental effects of habitat fragmentation on the population genetic structure of C. rotundifolia. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com

Overcoming Structural Adjustment Policies in Africa: Strategies for Vocational Education and Training in the Sudan.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Washi, Sidiga; Pitamber, Sunita

Most developing countries have been debt ridden since the mid-1970s. This continuing debt burden has resulted in increasing prices and inflation, growing unemployment, and daily life difficulties. This problem has been acute for the Sudan. Sudan received help from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in 1978 and negotiated new credit terms. By…

Master indenture: capital financing for health care systems.

PubMed

Fisher, B; Zimmerman, R J

1984-04-01

The master indenture enables members of multiinstitutional health care systems to finance capital programs and expansions by borrowing on the basis of systemwide revenues and assets. Participation in a master indenture financing may be structured in two ways. In a restricted group, only the parent organization issues notes, and only the parent is directly liable for the debt. To ensure that each member's revenues flow to the parent, the latter must have sole member status and be permitted to approve subsidiaries' debts, budgets, amendments to articles and bylaws of incorporation, and selection of trustees. Each entity's articles and bylaws must permit it to support the system members' common charitable purpose. In contrast, members of an obligated group have direct joint and several liability for master indenture notes. If one subsidiary misses a payment, the parent can call for payment from other obligated group members. Limitations on a member's obligation to support system debt in case of insolvency or bankruptcy may be included in the master indenture provisions. Whichever structure is selected, the amount of debt that can be incurred is based on the institutions' combined financial statements. The master indenture thus allows financially weak institutions to benefit from the credit strengths of stranger system members and permits the parent organization to control members' access to capital markets.

A comparison of the capital structures of nonprofit and proprietary health care organizations.

PubMed

Trussel, John

2012-01-01

The relative amount of debt used by an organization is an important determination of the organization's likelihood of financial problems and its cost of capital. This study addresses whether or not there are any differences between proprietary and nonprofit health care organizations in terms of capital structure. Controlling for profitability, risk, growth, and size, analysis of covariance is used to determine whether or not proprietary and nonprofit health care organizations use the same amount of leverage in their capital structures. The results indicate that there is no difference in the amount of leverage between the two institutional types. Although nonprofit and proprietary organizations have unique financing mechanisms, these differences do not impact the relative amount of debt and equity in their capital structures.

40 CFR 93.153 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... actions such as personnel actions, organizational changes, debt management or collection, cash management... following, with respect to existing structures, properties, facilities and lands where future activities... structures, properties, facilities, and lands; for example, relocation of personnel, disposition of federally...

40 CFR 51.853 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

.... (vi) Administrative actions such as personnel actions, organizational changes, debt management or...) Actions, such as the following, with respect to existing structures, properties, facilities and lands... conducted at the existing structures, properties, facilities, and lands; for example, relocation of...

5 CFR 835.602 - Past-due legally enforceable debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) DEBT COLLECTION Collection of Debts by Federal Tax Refund Offset § 835.602 Past-due legally enforceable debt. A past-due legally enforceable debt for referral to the IRS is a debt that— (a... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Past-due legally enforceable debt. 835...

Educational Debt in the Context of Career Planning: A Qualitative Exploration of Medical Student Perceptions.

PubMed

Phillips, Julie P; Wilbanks, Deana M; Salinas, Diana F; Doberneck, Diane M

2016-01-01

Phenomenon: Medical students in the United States face increasing educational debt because medical education costs have risen while public investment in higher education has declined. Contemporary students borrow more money and accumulate debt far surpassing that of previous generations of physicians, and both interest rates and terms of loan repayment have changed significantly in the last decade. As a result, the experiences of medical students differ from the experiences of physician educators. Little is known about how contemporary medical students view their debt in the context of career planning. Understanding contemporary U.S. medical students' lived experiences of educational debt is important, because high debt levels may affect medical students' well-being and professional development. The study's purpose was to explore contemporary students' views of their debt in the context of career planning. In 2012, 2nd-year medical students enrolled in a health policy course at one medical school were invited to write an essay about how debt influences their career choices. The authors analyzed 132 essays using immersion and crystallization and iterative, team-based coding. Code-recode strategies, member checking, and reflexivity ensured validity and rigor. Three themes emerged about the meaning of debt: debt symbolizes lack of social investment, debt reinforces a sense of entitlement, and debt is a collective experience. Four approaches to debt management emerged: anticipation, avoidance, acceptance, and disempowerment. Insights: Medical students' views of debt are more complex than previously reported. Medical educators should recognize that many students experience debt as a stressor, acknowledge students' emotions about debt, and invite discussion about the culture of entitlement in medical education and how this culture affects students' professionalism. At the same time, educators should emphasize that students have many repayment options and that regardless of specialty choice, most physicians repay their debts without significant difficulty. Further exploration is needed of the relationships between the amount of debt owed, students' attitudes toward their debt, and other student characteristics. Because students experience debt in a range of ways, more nuanced approaches to understanding and reframing student perceptions of debt are necessary.

Debt and foregone medical care.

PubMed

Kalousova, Lucie; Burgard, Sarah A

2013-06-01

Most American households carry debt, yet we have little understanding of how debt influences health behavior, especially health care seeking. We examined associations between foregone medical care and debt using a population-based sample of 914 southeastern Michigan residents surveyed in the wake of the late-2000s recession. Overall debt and ratios of debt to income and debt to assets were positively associated with foregoing medical or dental care in the past 12 months, even after adjusting for the poorer socioeconomic and health characteristics of those foregoing care and for respondents' household incomes and net worth. These overall associations were driven largely by credit card and medical debt, while housing debt and automobile and student loans were not associated with foregoing care. These results suggest that debt is an understudied aspect of health stratification.

A systematic review of financial debt in adolescents and young adults: prevalence, correlates and associations with crime.

PubMed

Hoeve, Machteld; Stams, Geert Jan J M; van der Zouwen, Marion; Vergeer, Margaretha; Jurrius, Kitty; Asscher, Jessica J

2014-01-01

Financial debt in young people has increased in recent years. Because debt may have severe consequences, and it may enhance criminal behavior, insight into the prevalence and determinants of debt and its association with crime is important. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 36 manuscripts to examine the prevalence of financial debt (k = 23), correlates and risk factors of debt (k = 16), and associations between debt and criminal behavior in adolescents and young adults (k = 8). Findings revealed that the prevalence of debt is substantial among young people; on average, 49% reported to have at least some debt, 22% had financial problems. Older participants and ethnic minorities were found to have higher levels of debt than younger and indigenous counterparts. Females had more financial problems and higher student loans. Low self-esteem, a pro-debt attitude (of young people and their parents), lack of perceived control towards financial management, poor social functioning, financial stress and external locus of control were found to have the strongest associations with debt. Studies reported strong associations between debt and crime. Particularly, strong associations were found between serious and persistent crime in young people and later (young adult) debt or financial problems.

A Systematic Review of Financial Debt in Adolescents and Young Adults: Prevalence, Correlates and Associations with Crime

PubMed Central

Hoeve, Machteld; Stams, Geert Jan J. M.; van der Zouwen, Marion; Vergeer, Margaretha; Jurrius, Kitty; Asscher, Jessica J.

2014-01-01

Financial debt in young people has increased in recent years. Because debt may have severe consequences, and it may enhance criminal behavior, insight into the prevalence and determinants of debt and its association with crime is important. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 36 manuscripts to examine the prevalence of financial debt (k = 23), correlates and risk factors of debt (k = 16), and associations between debt and criminal behavior in adolescents and young adults (k = 8). Findings revealed that the prevalence of debt is substantial among young people; on average, 49% reported to have at least some debt, 22% had financial problems. Older participants and ethnic minorities were found to have higher levels of debt than younger and indigenous counterparts. Females had more financial problems and higher student loans. Low self-esteem, a pro-debt attitude (of young people and their parents), lack of perceived control towards financial management, poor social functioning, financial stress and external locus of control were found to have the strongest associations with debt. Studies reported strong associations between debt and crime. Particularly, strong associations were found between serious and persistent crime in young people and later (young adult) debt or financial problems. PMID:25136797

Financial dimensions of veterinary medical education: an economist's perspective.

PubMed

Lloyd, James W

2013-01-01

Much discussion has transpired in recent years related to the rising cost of veterinary medical education and the increasing debt loads of graduating veterinarians. Underlying these trends are fundamental changes in the funding structure of higher education in general and of academic veterinary medicine specifically. As a result of the ongoing disinvestment by state governments in higher education, both tuition rates and academic programs have experienced a substantial impact across US colleges and schools of veterinary medicine. Programmatically, the effects have spanned the entire range of teaching, research, and service activities. For graduates, both across higher education and in veterinary medicine specifically, the impact has been steadily increasing levels of student debt. Although the situation is clearly worrisome, viable repayment options exist for these escalating debt loads. In combination with recent income and employment trends for veterinarians, these options provide a basis for cautious optimism for the future.

Endogenous fertility, Ricardian equivalence, and debt management policy.

PubMed

Lapan, H E; Enders, W

1990-03-01

This paper develops a model in which dynastic families optimally determine fertility. Government debt represents a tax on future generations and on childbearing; the Ricardian Equivalence Hypothesis does not hold. Debt is welfare reducing in that it distorts the fertility decision. An increase in government debt induces a decline in fertility and an increase in the steady state capital/labor ratio. If a government inherits an existing stock of debt, the 1st-best policy is to eliminate the debt immediately. In other situations the optimal debt management policy will not, in general, entail a total elimination of the debt.

Iraq’s Debt Relief: Procedure and Potential Implications for International Debt Relief

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-10-02

Order Code RL33376 Iraq’s Debt Relief: Procedure and Potential Implications for International Debt Relief Updated October 2, 2008 Martin A. Weiss...4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Iraq?s Debt Relief: Procedure and Potential Implications for International Debt Relief 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER...b. ABSTRACT unclassified c. THIS PAGE unclassified Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18 Iraq’s Debt Relief: Procedure

11 CFR 111.51 - Debts that are covered.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...)) Collection of Debts Arising From Enforcement and Administration of Campaign Finance Laws § 111.51 Debts that... antitrust laws. (4) Debts under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. (5) Debts between the Commission and...

11 CFR 111.51 - Debts that are covered.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...)) Collection of Debts Arising From Enforcement and Administration of Campaign Finance Laws § 111.51 Debts that... antitrust laws. (4) Debts under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. (5) Debts between the Commission and...

11 CFR 111.51 - Debts that are covered.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...)) Collection of Debts Arising From Enforcement and Administration of Campaign Finance Laws § 111.51 Debts that... antitrust laws. (4) Debts under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. (5) Debts between the Commission and...

11 CFR 111.51 - Debts that are covered.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...)) Collection of Debts Arising From Enforcement and Administration of Campaign Finance Laws § 111.51 Debts that... antitrust laws. (4) Debts under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. (5) Debts between the Commission and...

20 CFR 366.2 - Past-due legally enforceable debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... COLLECTION OF DEBTS BY FEDERAL TAX REFUND OFFSET § 366.2 Past-due legally enforceable debt. A past-due legally enforceable debt which may be referred to the Internal Revenue Service is a debt: (a) Which arose... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Past-due legally enforceable debt. 366.2...

45 CFR 2506.4 - What types of debts are excluded from these regulations?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false What types of debts are excluded from these...) CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY SERVICE COLLECTION OF DEBTS Introduction § 2506.4 What types of debts are excluded from these regulations? The following types of debts are excluded: (a) Debts or claims...

45 CFR 2506.4 - What types of debts are excluded from these regulations?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false What types of debts are excluded from these...) CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY SERVICE COLLECTION OF DEBTS Introduction § 2506.4 What types of debts are excluded from these regulations? The following types of debts are excluded: (a) Debts or claims...

Student Debt and the Class of 2015. 11th Annual Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cochrane, Debbie; Cheng, Diane

2016-01-01

Student Debt and the Class of 2015 is the eleventh annual report on the student loan debt of recent graduates from four-year colleges, documenting the rise in student loan debt and variation among states as well as colleges. This report includes policy recommendations to address rising student debt and reduce debt burdens, including collecting…

Taxes, bankruptcy costs, and capital structure in for-profit and not-for-profit hospitals.

PubMed

Huang, Sean S; Yang, Jie; Carroll, Nathan

2018-02-01

About 60% of the US hospitals are not-for-profit and it is not clear how traditional theories of capital structure should be adapted to understand the borrowing behavior of not-for-profit hospitals. This paper identifies important determinants of capital structure taken from theories describing for-profit firms as well as prior literature on not-for-profit hospitals. We examine the differential effects these factors have on the capital structure of for-profit and not-for-profit hospitals. Specifically, we use a difference-in-differences regression framework to study how differences in leverage between for-profit and not-for-profit hospitals change in response to key explanatory variables (i.e. tax rates and bankruptcy costs). The sample in this study includes most US short-term general acute hospitals from 2000 to 2012. We find that personal and corporate income taxes and bankruptcy costs have significant and distinct effects on the capital structure of for-profit and not-for-profit hospitals. Specifically, relative to not-for-profit hospitals: (1) higher corporate income tax encourages for-profit hospitals to increase their debt usage; (2) higher personal income tax discourages for-profit hospitals to use debt; and (3) higher expected bankruptcy costs lead for-profit hospitals to use less debt. Over the past decade, the capital structure of for-profit hospitals has been more flexible as compared to that of not-for-profit hospitals. This may suggest that not-for-profit hospitals are more constrained by external financing resources. Particularly, our analysis suggests that not-for-profit hospitals operating in states with high corporate taxes but low personal income taxes may face particular challenges of borrowing funds relative to their for-profit competitors.

15 CFR 19.8 - When will Commerce entities suspend or terminate debt collection on a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false When will Commerce entities suspend or terminate debt collection on a Commerce debt? 19.8 Section 19.8 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.8 When will...

15 CFR 19.8 - When will Commerce entities suspend or terminate debt collection on a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false When will Commerce entities suspend or terminate debt collection on a Commerce debt? 19.8 Section 19.8 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.8 When will...

15 CFR 19.8 - When will Commerce entities suspend or terminate debt collection on a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false When will Commerce entities suspend or terminate debt collection on a Commerce debt? 19.8 Section 19.8 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.8 When will...

15 CFR 19.8 - When will Commerce entities suspend or terminate debt collection on a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false When will Commerce entities suspend or terminate debt collection on a Commerce debt? 19.8 Section 19.8 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.8 When will...

15 CFR 19.8 - When will Commerce entities suspend or terminate debt collection on a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false When will Commerce entities suspend or terminate debt collection on a Commerce debt? 19.8 Section 19.8 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.8 When will...

Poverty Levels and Debt Indicators among Low-Income Households before and after the Great Recession

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kim, Kyoung Tae; Wilmarth, Melissa J.; Henager, Robin

2017-01-01

This study analyzed the debt profile of low-income households before and after the Great Recession using the 2007, 2010, and 2013 Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF). We used Heckman selection models to investigate three debt characteristics: (a) the amount of debt, (b) debt-to-income ratio, and (c) debt delinquency. Before and after the Great…

36 CFR 1011.8 - When will the Presidio Trust suspend or terminate debt collection on a debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false When will the Presidio Trust... PRESIDIO TRUST DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Presidio Trust Debts § 1011.8 When will the Presidio Trust suspend or terminate debt collection on a debt? If, after pursuing all appropriate means of...

7 CFR 1956.102 - Application of policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) DEBT SETTLEMENT Debt Settlement-Community and Business Programs § 1956.102 Application of policies. (a) General. If a debt is eligible for settlement, the debt settlement authorities of... in connection with debt settlement will adhere strictly to the authorizations, requirements, and...

7 CFR 1956.102 - Application of policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) DEBT SETTLEMENT Debt Settlement-Community and Business Programs § 1956.102 Application of policies. (a) General. If a debt is eligible for settlement, the debt settlement authorities of... in connection with debt settlement will adhere strictly to the authorizations, requirements, and...

7 CFR 1956.102 - Application of policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) DEBT SETTLEMENT Debt Settlement-Community and Business Programs § 1956.102 Application of policies. (a) General. If a debt is eligible for settlement, the debt settlement authorities of... in connection with debt settlement will adhere strictly to the authorizations, requirements, and...

7 CFR 1956.102 - Application of policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) DEBT SETTLEMENT Debt Settlement-Community and Business Programs § 1956.102 Application of policies. (a) General. If a debt is eligible for settlement, the debt settlement authorities of... in connection with debt settlement will adhere strictly to the authorizations, requirements, and...

Clinically Competent and Fiscally at Risk: Impact of Debt and Financial Parameters on the Surgical Resident.

PubMed

Tevis, Sarah E; Rogers, Andrew P; Carchman, Evie H; Foley, Eugene F; Harms, Bruce A

2018-05-31

While the costs of medical training continue to increase, surgeon income and personal financial decisions may be challenged to manage this expanding debt burden. We sought to characterize the financial liability, assets, income, and debt of surgical residents, and evaluate the necessity for additional financial training. All surgical trainees at a single academic center completed a detailed survey. Questions focused on issues related to debt, equity, cash flow, financial education, and fiscal parameters. Responses were used to calculate debt-to-asset and debt-to-income ratios. Predictors of moderate risk debt-to-asset ratio (0.5 to 0.9), high risk debt-to-asset ratio (≥0.9), and high risk debt-to-income ratio (>0.4) were evaluated. All analyses were performed in SPSS v.21. One hundred five trainees completed the survey (80% response rate), with 38% of respondents reporting greater than $200,000 in educational debt. Overall, 82% of respondents had a moderate or high risk debt-to-asset ratio. Residency program, year, sex, and perception of financial knowledge did not correlate with high risk debt-to-asset ratio. Residents with high debt-to-asset ratios were more likely to have a high level of concern about debt (52% vs 0%, p < 0.001) when compared with residents who had low debt-to-asset ratios. The majority (79%) of respondents felt strongly that inclusion of additional financial training in residency education is a critical need. In a climate of increasingly delayed financial gratification, surgical trainees are on critically unstable financial footing. There is a major gap in current surgical education that requires reassessment for the long-term financial health of residents. Copyright © 2018 American College of Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Associations Between Pharmacy Students' Attitudes Toward Debt, Stress, and Student Loans.

PubMed

Chisholm-Burns, Marie A; Spivey, Christina A; Jaeger, Melanie C; Williams, Jennifer

2017-09-01

Objective. To assess graduating pharmacy students' attitudes toward debt and determine associations with stress, student loan debt, financial need, current employment, post-graduation plans, and expected length of time to repay loans. Methods. Survey was conducted using an attitudes-toward-debt scale (sub-scales: tolerant attitudes toward debt; contemplation and knowledge about loans; fear of debt), Perceived Stress Scale, and questions concerning current employment, estimated total student loan debt, post-graduation plans, and expected length of time to repay loans. Federal loan data were collected using financial aid records. Independent samples t -test, ANOVA, and Pearson's r correlations were conducted. Results. There were 147 students (96.7%) who participated. The majority were female (59.2%), white (69.4%), and had federal student loans (90.5%). Mean total loan amount was $153,276 (SD $59,810), which included federal students loans accumulated before and during pharmacy school. No significant differences were noted on attitudes toward debt or stress based on whether respondents had federal student loans. Greater "fear of debt" was correlated with increased stress, estimated total student loan debt, total federal loan debt, and pharmacy school loan debt. Greater "contemplation and knowledge about loans" was correlated with lower estimated total student loan debt, total federal loan amount, and pharmacy school loan amount. Students with higher "contemplation and knowledge" scores expected to repay loans within a shorter time frame than students with lower scores. Conclusion. Increased fear of debt was related to greater perceived stress and higher student loan amounts borrowed, while increased contemplation and knowledge about loans was associated with lower amounts borrowed. Educational programming concerning loans, debt, and personal financial management may help reduce stress and amount borrowed.

The association of debt financing with not-for-profit hospitals' operational and capital-investment efficiency.

PubMed

Magnus, Stephen A; Wheeler, John R C; Smith, Dean G

2004-01-01

Increased debt in companies can motivate both operational and capital-investment efficiency. This positive influence of debt is attributed to creditors' oversight of corporate behavior and the need to generate cash flows to service debt. Our study investigates whether debt has a similar relationship with efficiency in not-for-profit hospitals. Using statistical analysis of a database of audited financial statements of not-for-profit hospitals, we test whether debt is associated with six distinct measures of operational and capital-investment efficiency. We find that debt either has no association with efficiency or predicts decreased efficiency. Possible explanations are that creditors' oversight is less tight in the not-for-profit setting and that debt may at times motivate excessive capital investment because of a legal requirement to tie tax-exempt debt with a capital-investment project.

24 CFR 242.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

.... Debt service coverage ratio is a measure of a hospital's ability to pay interest and principal with cash generated from current operations. Debt service ratio is calculated as follows: Debt Service Coverage Ratio (total debt service coverage on all long-term capital debt) equals the excess of revenues...

24 CFR 242.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

.... Debt service coverage ratio is a measure of a hospital's ability to pay interest and principal with cash generated from current operations. Debt service ratio is calculated as follows: Debt Service Coverage Ratio (total debt service coverage on all long-term capital debt) equals the excess of revenues...

Medical student debt at the Christchurch School of Medicine. The New Zealand Wellbeing, Intentions, Debt and Experiences (WIDE) survey of medical students pilot study. Results part I.

PubMed

Gill, D; Palmer, C; Mulder, R; Wilkinson, T

2001-10-26

To determine the level and sources of medical student debt at the Christchurch School of Medicine. A questionnaire, The New Zealand Wellbeing, Intentions, Debt, and Experiences (WIDE) Survey of Medical Students, was developed and administered to all 204 medical students at the Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences. Included were questions on student demographics, sources and levels of debt, parental financial support, and student perceptions of their debt. The response rate was 88%. International students, whose debt was with an overseas government, and students with mortgages were excluded from the data analysis. The combined total debt for the remaining 165 students was $7775000 with $6290000 (81%) owed to the Government Students Loans scheme. One quarter of 6th year medical students had a debt over $83250, 50% had a debt over $70000, and 75% had a debt over $50000. Student allowances were inaccessible to 64% of 4th and 5th year students and part-time employment during term-time was common. Lack of funds was reported to impair full participation in the medical course. The majority of medical students at the Christchurch School of Medicine accumulate high levels of debt, mainly dtrough the Government Student Loans scheme, during their medical training.

Evaluating the underlying factors behind variable rate debt.

PubMed

McCue, Michael J; Kim, Tae Hyun Tanny

2007-01-01

Recent trends show a greater usage of variable rate debt among health care bond issues. In 2004, 63.4% of the total health care bonds issued were variable rate compared with 30.6% in 1995 (Fitch Ratings, 2005). The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the underlying factors, credit spread, issue characteristics, and issuer factors behind why hospitals and health system borrowers select variable rate debt compared with fixed rate debt. From 2000 to 2004, this study sampled 230 newly issued tax-exempt bonds issued by acute care hospitals and health care systems that included both variable and fixed rate debt issues. Using a logistic regression model, hospitals with variable rate debt issues were assigned a value of 1, whereas hospitals with fixed rate debt issues were assigned a value of 0. This study found a positive association between bond insurance and variable rate debt and a negative association between callable feature and variable rate debt. Facilities located in certificate-of-need states that possessed higher case mix acuity, earned higher profit margins, generated higher debt service coverage, and held less debt were more likely to issue variable rate debt. Overall, hospital managers and board members of hospitals possessing a strong financial performance have an interest in utilizing variable rate debt to lower their cost of capital. In addition, this outcome may also reflect that investment bankers are doing a better job in educating senior hospital management about the interest rate savings benefit of variable rate compared with fixed rate debt.

12 CFR 32.5 - Combination rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... debt restructuring approved by the OCC, upon request by a bank for application of the non combination... external debt management; and (D) Whether the restructuring includes features of debt or debt-service... generally liable for the debts or actions of the partnership, joint venture, or association, and those...

12 CFR 32.5 - Combination rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... debt restructuring approved by the OCC, upon request by a bank for application of the non combination... external debt management; and (D) Whether the restructuring includes features of debt or debt-service... generally liable for the debts or actions of the partnership, joint venture, or association, and those...

12 CFR 615.5502 - Issuance of global debt securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Issuance of global debt securities. 615.5502... AFFAIRS, LOAN POLICIES AND OPERATIONS, AND FUNDING OPERATIONS Global Debt Securities § 615.5502 Issuance of global debt securities. (a) The Funding Corporation may provide for the sale of global debt...

12 CFR 615.5502 - Issuance of global debt securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Issuance of global debt securities. 615.5502... AFFAIRS, LOAN POLICIES AND OPERATIONS, AND FUNDING OPERATIONS Global Debt Securities § 615.5502 Issuance of global debt securities. (a) The Funding Corporation may provide for the sale of global debt...

12 CFR 615.5502 - Issuance of global debt securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Issuance of global debt securities. 615.5502... AFFAIRS, LOAN POLICIES AND OPERATIONS, AND FUNDING OPERATIONS Global Debt Securities § 615.5502 Issuance of global debt securities. (a) The Funding Corporation may provide for the sale of global debt...

12 CFR 615.5502 - Issuance of global debt securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Issuance of global debt securities. 615.5502... AFFAIRS, LOAN POLICIES AND OPERATIONS, AND FUNDING OPERATIONS Global Debt Securities § 615.5502 Issuance of global debt securities. (a) The Funding Corporation may provide for the sale of global debt...

29 CFR 20.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Definitions. For purposes of this subpart— (a) The term commercial debt means any non-tax business debt in...) The term consumer debt means any non-tax debt of an individual in excess of $100, arising from loans—loan guarantees, overpayments, fines, penalties, or other causes. (c) A debt is considered delinquent...

41 CFR 105-56.010 - Deductions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... delinquent non-tax debt owed to the United States. GSA will pursue, when appropriate, such debt collection... of any nature. If the debt cannot be satisfied from subsequent payments, then the debt will be...) Types of collection. A debt may be collected in one lump sum or in installments. Collection will be by...

48 CFR 32.606 - Debt collection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Debt collection. 32.606... REQUIREMENTS CONTRACT FINANCING Contract Debts 32.606 Debt collection. (a) If the contractor has not liquidated the debt within 30 days of the date due or requested installment payments or deferment of collection...

12 CFR 541.7 - Corporate debt security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Corporate debt security. 541.7 Section 541.7... AFFECTING FEDERAL SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS § 541.7 Corporate debt security. The term corporate debt security..., note and/or debenture which is commonly regarded as a debt security and is not predominantly...

12 CFR 141.7 - Corporate debt security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Corporate debt security. 141.7 Section 141.7... AFFECTING FEDERAL SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS § 141.7 Corporate debt security. The term corporate debt security..., note and/or debenture which is commonly regarded as a debt security and is not predominantly...

12 CFR 541.7 - Corporate debt security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2014-01-01 2012-01-01 true Corporate debt security. 541.7 Section 541.7... AFFECTING FEDERAL SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS § 541.7 Corporate debt security. The term corporate debt security..., note and/or debenture which is commonly regarded as a debt security and is not predominantly...

12 CFR 141.7 - Corporate debt security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Corporate debt security. 141.7 Section 141.7... AFFECTING FEDERAL SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS § 141.7 Corporate debt security. The term corporate debt security..., note and/or debenture which is commonly regarded as a debt security and is not predominantly...

12 CFR 541.7 - Corporate debt security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Corporate debt security. 541.7 Section 541.7... AFFECTING FEDERAL SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS § 541.7 Corporate debt security. The term corporate debt security..., note and/or debenture which is commonly regarded as a debt security and is not predominantly...

12 CFR 141.7 - Corporate debt security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Corporate debt security. 141.7 Section 141.7... AFFECTING FEDERAL SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS § 141.7 Corporate debt security. The term corporate debt security..., note and/or debenture which is commonly regarded as a debt security and is not predominantly...

12 CFR 541.7 - Corporate debt security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Corporate debt security. 541.7 Section 541.7... AFFECTING FEDERAL SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS § 541.7 Corporate debt security. The term corporate debt security..., note and/or debenture which is commonly regarded as a debt security and is not predominantly...

12 CFR 541.7 - Corporate debt security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2013-01-01 2012-01-01 true Corporate debt security. 541.7 Section 541.7... AFFECTING FEDERAL SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS § 541.7 Corporate debt security. The term corporate debt security..., note and/or debenture which is commonly regarded as a debt security and is not predominantly...

Debt and Foregone Medical Care

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kalousova, Lucie; Burgard, Sarah A.

2013-01-01

Most American households carry debt, yet we have little understanding of how debt influences health behavior, especially health care seeking. We examined associations between foregone medical care and debt using a population-based sample of 914 southeastern Michigan residents surveyed in the wake of the late-2000s recession. Overall debt and…

Rethinking Student Loan Debt: Tools and Strategies for Debt Management.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mason, Susan G.

2001-01-01

Analyzes student loan debt at the University of Missouri-St. Louis School of Optometry, showing the need for a comprehensive debt management program. Presents a model for determining manageable amounts of student loan debt developed from conventional lending criteria and data on earnings for optometrists. (EV)

How well is debt managed by nonprofits?

PubMed

Tuckman, H P; Chang, C F

1993-01-01

Little is known about why nonprofits accrue debt, how much they owe, and whether the funds they borrow are used productively. This article distinguishes between productive, problematic, and deferred debt. Employing a data base representative of 114,726 tax-filing charitable nonprofits in the United States in 1986, it examines the pervasiveness of nonprofit debt and the relation between this debt and nonprofit financial health. The analysis finds that over 70 percent of the nonprofits hold debt, the distribution of this debt is highly concentrated, and the level of debt and leverage varies with asset size and type of activity. Nonprofits with higher leverage and absolute debt levels are financially healthier than those with lower levels. While the analysis does not determine whether financially stronger nonprofits are better able to borrow, the results support the view that borrowing in the nonprofit sector is economically efficient.

Tough choices in tough times: debt and medication nonadherence.

PubMed

Kalousova, Lucie; Burgard, Sarah A

2014-04-01

Debt is a ubiquitous component of households' financial portfolios. Yet we have scant understanding of how household debt constrains spending on needed health care. Diverse types of debt have different financial properties and recent work has shown that they may have varying implications for spending on needed health care. In this article, we explore the associations between indebtedness and medication nonadherence. First, we consider overall debt levels and then we disaggregate debt into types. We use a population-based sample of 434 residents of southeast Michigan who had been prescribed medications, collected in 2009-2010, the wake of the Great Recession. We find no association between medication nonadherence and total indebtedness. However, when we assess each type of debt separately, we find that having medical or credit card debt is positively associated with medication nonadherence, even net of household income, net worth, and other characteristics. Furthermore, patients with greater amounts of medical or credit card debt are more likely to be nonadherent than those with less. Our results suggest that credit card debt and medical debt may have serious implications for the relative affordability of prescription medications. These associations have been overlooked in past research and deserve further examination.

Associations Between Pharmacy Students’ Attitudes Toward Debt, Stress, and Student Loans

PubMed Central

Spivey, Christina A.; Jaeger, Melanie C.; Williams, Jennifer

2017-01-01

Objective. To assess graduating pharmacy students’ attitudes toward debt and determine associations with stress, student loan debt, financial need, current employment, post-graduation plans, and expected length of time to repay loans. Methods. Survey was conducted using an attitudes-toward-debt scale (sub-scales: tolerant attitudes toward debt; contemplation and knowledge about loans; fear of debt), Perceived Stress Scale, and questions concerning current employment, estimated total student loan debt, post-graduation plans, and expected length of time to repay loans. Federal loan data were collected using financial aid records. Independent samples t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson’s r correlations were conducted. Results. There were 147 students (96.7%) who participated. The majority were female (59.2%), white (69.4%), and had federal student loans (90.5%). Mean total loan amount was $153,276 (SD $59,810), which included federal students loans accumulated before and during pharmacy school. No significant differences were noted on attitudes toward debt or stress based on whether respondents had federal student loans. Greater “fear of debt” was correlated with increased stress, estimated total student loan debt, total federal loan debt, and pharmacy school loan debt. Greater “contemplation and knowledge about loans” was correlated with lower estimated total student loan debt, total federal loan amount, and pharmacy school loan amount. Students with higher “contemplation and knowledge” scores expected to repay loans within a shorter time frame than students with lower scores. Conclusion. Increased fear of debt was related to greater perceived stress and higher student loan amounts borrowed, while increased contemplation and knowledge about loans was associated with lower amounts borrowed. Educational programming concerning loans, debt, and personal financial management may help reduce stress and amount borrowed. PMID:29109558

7 CFR 1951.213 - Debt settlement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 14 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true Debt settlement. 1951.213 Section 1951.213 Agriculture... and Grants § 1951.213 Debt settlement. Subpart C of part 1956 of this chapter prescribes policies and procedures for debt settlement actions for loans covered under this subpart when it is determined that a debt...

45 CFR 30.13 - Debt reporting and use of credit reporting agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Debt reporting and use of credit reporting... CLAIMS COLLECTION Standards for the Administrative Collection of Debts § 30.13 Debt reporting and use of... over $100 to credit bureaus or other automated databases. Debts arising under the Social Security Act...

75 FR 31736 - Modifications of Debt Instruments

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-04

... that is not debt for Federal income tax purposes, even if the alteration occurs by operation of the... modified debt instrument is debt or some other property right for Federal income tax purposes. However, any... results in an instrument or property right that is not debt for Federal income tax purposes is a [[Page...

45 CFR 32.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...-tax debt to the United States. Delinquent debt means any non-tax debt that has not been paid by the... considered the last day of the period. Debt or claim means an amount of money, funds, or property that has been determined by the Secretary to be owed to the United States by an individual, including debt...

5 CFR 831.1305 - Collection of debts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Collection of debts. 831.1305 Section 831... (CONTINUED) RETIREMENT Collection of Debts § 831.1305 Collection of debts. (a) Means of collection. Collection of a debt may be made by means of offset under § 831.1306, or under any statutory provision...

20 CFR 367.2 - Past-due legally enforceable debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... RECOVERY OF DEBTS OWED TO THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT BY ADMINISTRATIVE OFFSET § 367.2 Past-due legally enforceable debt. A past-due legally enforceable debt which may be referred to another governmental agency for... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Past-due legally enforceable debt. 367.2...

26 CFR 1.166-1 - Bad debts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Bad debts. 1.166-1 Section 1.166-1 Internal... TAXES (CONTINUED) Itemized Deductions for Individuals and Corporations § 1.166-1 Bad debts. (a... shall be allowed in respect of bad debts owed to the taxpayer. For this purpose, bad debts shall...

The Race to Refinance Debt: Market Offers Opportunities to Reduce Interest Costs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DuPont, Lorrie A.

1992-01-01

In this interest market, colleges and universities could benefit from careful evaluation of debt portfolios. Refinancing debt is an opportunity to lower debt service costs, ease cash flow, change security pledges, eliminate debt service reserves, update bond documents. Timing is important. Existing and new bonds can also be combined…

29 CFR 1650.206 - Notification to Treasury.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures... referring a debt to Treasury, EEOC will certify that the debt meets all of the requirements in § 1650.202..., the amount of the debt, the date on which the debt became past-due, and the designation of EEOC as the...

29 CFR 1650.206 - Notification to Treasury.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures... referring a debt to Treasury, EEOC will certify that the debt meets all of the requirements in § 1650.202..., the amount of the debt, the date on which the debt became past-due, and the designation of EEOC as the...

29 CFR 1650.206 - Notification to Treasury.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures... referring a debt to Treasury, EEOC will certify that the debt meets all of the requirements in § 1650.202..., the amount of the debt, the date on which the debt became past-due, and the designation of EEOC as the...

29 CFR 1650.206 - Notification to Treasury.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures... referring a debt to Treasury, EEOC will certify that the debt meets all of the requirements in § 1650.202..., the amount of the debt, the date on which the debt became past-due, and the designation of EEOC as the...

29 CFR 1650.206 - Notification to Treasury.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures... referring a debt to Treasury, EEOC will certify that the debt meets all of the requirements in § 1650.202..., the amount of the debt, the date on which the debt became past-due, and the designation of EEOC as the...

31 CFR 351.2 - How do I contact Public Debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY BUREAU OF THE PUBLIC DEBT OFFERING OF UNITED STATES SAVINGS BONDS, SERIES EE General Information § 351.2 How do I contact Public Debt? You may contact Public Debt by e-mail at [email protected], or by writing to the following address: Bureau of the Public Debt...

The Federal Government Debt: Its Size and Economic Significance

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-03-04

growth is critical to economic stability . As long as the debt grows more rapidly than output, the ratio of debt to gross domestic product (GDP) will rise...the budget deficit, the rate of interest, and the rate of growth in GDP. What matters most, as far as economic stability is concerned, is what...debt and the overall rate of economic growth is critical to economic stability . As long as the debt grows more rapidly than output, the ratio of debt

The Federal Government Debt: Its Size and Economic Significance

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-02-03

growth rate of the federal debt and the overall rate of economic growth is critical to economic stability . As long as the debt grows more rapidly than...most, as far as economic stability is concerned, is what investors believe to be the long-run outlook for the debt-to-GDP ratio. If large deficits...between the growth rate of the federal debt and the overall rate of economic growth is critical to economic stability . As long as the debt grows more

What Can Tobit-Piecewise Regression Tell Us about the Determinants of Household Educational Debt?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thipbharos, Titirut

2014-01-01

Educational debt as part of household debt remains a problem for Thailand. The significant factors of household characteristics with regard to educational debt are shown by constructing a Tobit-piecewise regression for three different clusters, namely poor, middle and affluent households in Thailand. It was found that household debt is likely to…

12 CFR 313.122 - Notification of debt to FMS.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... PROCEDURES FOR CORPORATE DEBT COLLECTION Tax Refund Offset § 313.122 Notification of debt to FMS. The FDIC shall notify FMS of the amount of any past due, legally enforceable non-tax debt owed to it by a person, for the purpose of collecting such debt by tax refund offset. Notification and referral to FMS of such...

45 CFR 2506.7 - Why does the Corporation have to collect debts?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY SERVICE COLLECTION OF DEBTS Introduction § 2506.7 Why does the Corporation have to collect debts? Federal agencies are required to try to collect claims or debts of the Federal Government... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Why does the Corporation have to collect debts...

7 CFR 792.20 - Reporting discharged debts to IRS.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Government's ability to prove its case in court for the full amount of the debt. (2) The amount of a debt... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Reporting discharged debts to IRS. 792.20 Section 792..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PROVISIONS COMMON TO MORE THAN ONE PROGRAM DEBT SETTLEMENT POLICIES AND PROCEDURES...

Student Debt and the Class of 2008

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reed, Matthew; Cheng, Diane

2009-01-01

This paper is the fourth annual report on the student loan debt of new college graduates. This analysis of the most recent available data found that student debt continued to rise even as it got harder for recent graduates to find jobs, and that debt levels vary considerably from state to state and college to college. Nationwide, average debt for…

36 CFR 1011.14 - How will the Presidio Trust report debts to credit bureaus?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false How will the Presidio Trust... TRUST DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Presidio Trust Debts § 1011.14 How will the Presidio Trust report debts to credit bureaus? The Presidio Trust will report delinquent debts to credit bureaus in...

Does student debt affect dental students' and dentists' stress levels?

PubMed

Boyles, J D; Ahmed, B

2017-10-27

Introduction Many studies have shown financial worries and debt to induce stress in individuals, this combined with the existing stress of being a dentist raises the question of how student debt affects students' and dentists' stress levels.Objectives Determine whether student debt has had any noticeable effect on student stress levels; investigate whether student debt has any effect on dentists' career choice; investigate whether the increase in tuition fees has influenced the number of applicants to study dentistry at the University of Birmingham.Method Anonymous questionnaires were completed by 70 4th year and 38 5th year BDS and 22 Dental Core Trainees (DCTs). Participants circled the response which best fitted their situation regarding statements on their level of stress and future career path. Ethical approval granted. Application figures to study dentistry obtained from head of admissions.Results Forty-two percent of males and 63% of females strongly agreed with the statement that having no debt would reduce their stress levels. Of those with debt >£40,000, 11% strongly agreed and 42% agreed that their total amount of student debt causes them stress. Whereas, those whose debt is <£40,000 only 2% strongly agreed and 28% agreed that their total amount of student debt causes them stress. Seventy-seven percent of participants who had parental or family financial support reported this reduced their stress levels. Student debt was found to deter females from undertaking further study more than it deters males (P <0.001). Students with a higher level of debt were more likely to worry about their total student loan(s) (P <0.001). Moreover, students with a higher level of debt were more likely to be stressed about their total student loan(s) (P <0.001). Parental/family contribution to student expenses reduces student stress (P <0.001). Applications to study dentistry since the rise in tuition fees have decreased by 42%.Conclusion Student debt has had an impact on student stress; students reporting a higher level of debt also report more stress and concern about paying off their student debt. Having no student debt would reduce stress levels, although to what extent is undetermined. Applications to study dentistry have fallen since the increase in tuition fees.

Hawkes-diffusion process and the conditional probability of defaults in the Eurozone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Jungmu; Park, Yuen Jung; Ryu, Doojin

2016-05-01

This study examines market information embedded in the European sovereign CDS (credit default swap) market by analyzing the sovereign CDSs of 13 Eurozone countries from January 1, 2008, to February 29, 2012, which includes the recent Eurozone debt crisis period. We design the conditional probability of defaults for the CDS prices based on the Hawkes-diffusion process and obtain the theoretical prices of CDS indexes. To estimate the model parameters, we calibrate the model prices to empirical prices obtained from individual sovereign CDS term structure data. The estimated parameters clearly explain both cross-sectional and time-series data. Our empirical results show that the probability of a huge loss event sharply increased during the Eurozone debt crisis, indicating a contagion effect. Even countries with strong and stable economies, such as Germany and France, suffered from the contagion effect. We also find that the probability of small events is sensitive to the state of the economy, spiking several times due to the global financial crisis and the Greek government debt crisis.

26 CFR 1.593-7 - Establishment and treatment of reserves for bad debts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

....593-10. (2) Bad debt losses. Any bad debt in respect of a nonqualifying loan shall be charged against the reserve for losses on nonqualifying loans, and any bad debt in respect of a qualifying real... option of the taxpayer, however, any bad debt in respect of either class of loans may be charged in whole...

31 CFR 5.2 - Why is the Treasury Department issuing these regulations and what do they cover?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Department employees). (2) This part does not apply to tax debts nor to any debt for which there is an... the Secretary of the Treasury TREASURY DEBT COLLECTION General Provisions § 5.2 Why is the Treasury... collection of Treasury debts. This part also provides procedures for collection of other debts owed to the...

47 CFR 1.1917 - Referrals to the Department of Justice and transfer of delinquent debt to the Secretary of Treasury.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Commission will cease all collection activity related to that debt. (c) All non-tax debts of claims owed to... transfer of delinquent debt to the Secretary of Treasury. 1.1917 Section 1.1917 Telecommunication FEDERAL... of Justice and transfer of delinquent debt to the Secretary of Treasury. (a) Referrals to the...

36 CFR 1011.5 - What interest, penalty charges and administrative costs will the Presidio Trust add to a debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... charges and administrative costs will the Presidio Trust add to a debt? 1011.5 Section 1011.5 Parks, Forests, and Public Property PRESIDIO TRUST DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Presidio Trust Debts § 1011.5 What interest, penalty charges and administrative costs will the Presidio Trust add to a debt...

36 CFR 1011.4 - What notice will the Presidio Trust send to a debtor when collecting a debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... PRESIDIO TRUST DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Presidio Trust Debts § 1011.4 What notice will the Presidio Trust send to a debtor when collecting a debt? (a) Notice requirements. The Presidio Trust will aggressively collect debts. The Presidio Trust will send at least one written notice to a debtor informing the...

Anticipated debt and financial stress in medical students.

PubMed

Morra, Dante J; Regehr, Glenn; Ginsburg, Shiphra

2008-01-01

While medical student debt is increasing, the effect of debt on student well-being and performance remains unclear. As a part of a larger study examining medical student views of their future profession, data were collected to examine the role that current and anticipated debt has in predicting stress among medical students. A survey was administered to medical students in all four years at the University of Toronto. Of the 804 potential respondents across the four years of training, 549 surveys had sufficient data for inclusion in this analysis, for a response rate of 68%. Through multiple regression analysis, we evaluated the correlation between current and anticipated debt and financial stress. Although perceived financial stress correlates with both current and anticipated debt levels, anticipated debt was able to account for an additional 11.5% of variance in reported stress when compared to current debt levels alone. This study demonstrates a relationship between perceived financial stress and debt levels, and suggests that anticipated debt levels might be a more robust metric to capture financial burden, as it standardizes for year of training and captures future financial liabilities (future tuition and other future expenses).

Student Debt Spans Generations: Characteristics of Parents Who Borrow to Pay for Their Children's College Education.

PubMed

Walsemann, Katrina M; Ailshire, Jennifer A

2017-10-01

Discussions of student debt often overlook the debt parents take on to pay for their children's education. We identify characteristics of parents with child-related educational debt among the late baby boom cohort. Data come from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979, a nationally representative sample of individuals born between 1957 and 1964. We restrict our sample to parents who had any children aged ≥17 and answered questions on educational debt during midlife (n = 6,562). Craggit models estimated (a) having any child-related educational debt and (b) the amount of debt owed among debtors. Black parents and parents with more education, higher income, and higher net worth were more likely to report child-related educational debt than White parents and parents with no degree, low-income, or negative net worth. Among debtors, high-income parents had more debt than low-income parents. Our findings suggest concerns about the student debt crisis should extend to aging parents. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Implications of the method of capital cost payment on the weighted average cost of capital.

PubMed Central

Boles, K E

1986-01-01

The author develops a theoretical and mathematical model, based on published financial management literature, to describe the cost of capital structure for health care delivery entities. This model is then used to generate the implications of changing the capital cost reimbursement mechanism from a cost basis to a prospective basis. The implications are that the cost of capital is increased substantially, the use of debt must be restricted, interest rates for borrowed funds will increase, and, initially, firms utilizing debt efficiently under cost-basis reimbursement will be restricted to the generation of funds from equity only under a prospective system. PMID:3525468

Public Debt: Private Asset. Government Debt and Its Role in the Economy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schilling, Tim

In 1981, the United States reached a dubious economic milestone--the federal debt surpassed one trillion dollars for the first time. It took more than 200 years to build up that much debt. The federal debt doubled to two trillion by 1986, hit the three trillion level in 1990, and stands at an estimated five-and-a-half trillion for 1998. Just as…

Cut income taxes with reorganization planning.

PubMed

Miller, J E

1985-04-01

It is necessary to plan when reorganizing a corporate structure, to minimize taxes at the tax-exempt parent organization level and avoid unexpected tax consequences at year-end. With an awareness of the income tax rules, proper debt structuring during the reorganization phase is possible and should enable the financial manager to minimize total income tax.

78 FR 3498 - Debt Management Advisory Committee Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-16

... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Departmental Offices Debt Management Advisory Committee Meeting Notice.... of the following debt management advisory committee: Treasury Borrowing Advisory Committee of The... decisions on major financing operations. Historically, this advice has been offered by debt management...

77 FR 54862 - Integrated Hedging Transactions of Qualifying Debt

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-06

... Integrated Hedging Transactions of Qualifying Debt AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION... certain integrated transactions that involve a foreign currency denominated debt instrument and multiple... foreign currency denominated debt instrument and multiple associated hedging transactions. The text of...

45 CFR 1150.30 - Which debts can the Endowment refer to the Treasury for collection by offsetting tax refunds?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... ENDOWMENT FOR THE ARTS COLLECTION OF CLAIMS Tax Refund Offset § 1150.30 Which debts can the Endowment refer... enforceable debt referable to the Treasury for tax refund offset is a debt that is owed to the Endowment and... the Treasury regulations relating to the eligibility of a debt for tax return offset (31 CFR 285.2...

Genetic Counseling Graduate Student Debt: Impact on Program, Career and Life Choices

PubMed Central

Kuhl, Ashley; Reiser, Catherine; Eickhoff, Jens; Petty, Elizabeth M

2015-01-01

The cost of education is rising, increasing student financial aid and debt for students pursuing higher education. A few studies have assessed the impact of student debt in medicine, physical therapy and social work, but little is known about the impact of student debt on genetic counseling students and graduates. To address this gap in knowledge, a web-based study of 408 recent alumni of genetic counseling programs in North America was conducted to assess the impact of student debt on program, career and life choices. Over half (63%; n=256/408) of the participants reported that loans were extremely important in their ability to attend their training program, with most using subsidized loans no longer available to current graduate students. While participants were generally satisfied with their genetic counseling education, 83% (n=282/342) of participants with student debt reported feeling burdened by their debt, which had a median of $40,000-$50,000. This debt is relatively close to the median starting salary reported by survey participants ($45,000-$50,000), breaching the “20-10 rule” that states student debt should not exceed 20% of annual net income. In response to this critical issue, we propose recommendations for the genetic counseling field that may help alleviate student debt impact and burden. PMID:24578121

Rising levels of New Zealand medical student debt.

PubMed

Verstappen, Antonia; Poole, Phillippa

2017-06-16

There is little recent data on the debt levels accrued by New Zealand medical graduates. We aimed to quantify the level of student loan debt accrued by medical graduates upon completion of their medical degree, and to investigate the association of New Zealand Government Student Loan (GSL) debt with gender and age. At graduation each year from 2006-2015, students from one New Zealand medical programme were invited to complete a career intention survey that included information on levels of GSL debt and the number of income sources used. The overall response rate was 83.8%. On average, 92% of domestic students reported having some student loan debt, with 28% a debt of $90,000 or more. The proportion of students reporting a student loan debt of $90,000 or more increased over the period of the study (P<0.0001). While older students were more likely to have a larger student loan debt than younger students, there was no difference in debt levels by gender. Students with larger student loans were more likely to rely on a larger number of financial sources to fund their studies. New Zealand medical students are carrying higher levels of student loan debt year on year. The effect of this on the future medical workforce is not certain; however, this could be negative if graduates choose to enter careers that are more highly paid over areas of high need. The full impact of large loans on individuals and the health system will take years to determine.

Take a Strategic Direction with Debt.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Augustine, John H.

2002-01-01

Offers advice to higher education institutions about financing decisions on their debt portfolios. Addresses developing a debt management framework, factors affecting strategy, interest rate management, establishing a debt management benchmark, and adopting a prospective approach. Sidebars discuss the trade-offs of credit offerings, and…

In Sickness and in Debt: Do Mounting Medical Bills Predict Payday Loan Debt?

PubMed

Bickham, Trey; Lim, Younghee

2015-01-01

Cash-strapped families sometimes turn to small, short-term loans with exorbitant fees—payday loans—to cope with mounting medical bills. Given that about three-fourths of payday loan customers are repeat borrowers, consumer advocates and policymakers have increasingly raised voices of concern about the use of payday loans to finance various household expenses, including, among other things, medical bills. The present study hypothesized that increases in medical debt are associated with increases in payday loan debt among a sample of Chapter 7 bankruptcy filers. The results of a multivariate tobit regression analysis showed that medical debt was associated with increased payday loan debt, controlling for various types of debt and other socioeconomic variables. This article concludes with implications of the results for social work policy- and direct-practice.

The contribution of fiscal/financial decentralization to the debt expansion of the local financing platform

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huayang, Yin; Di, Zhou; Bing, Cui

2018-02-01

Using soft budget theory to explore the formation mechanism and the deep institutional incentive of the local financing platform debt expansion from the perspective of fiscal / financial decentralization, construct theoretical framework which explain the expansion of local debt financing platform and conduct an empirical test, the results showed that the higher the degree of fiscal decentralization, fiscal autonomy as a soft constraint body of local government the stronger, local financing platform debt scale is greater; the higher the degree of financial decentralization, local government and financial institutions have the higher autonomy with respect to the central, local financing platform debt scale is bigger; financial synergy degree is stronger, local government financial mutual supervision prompted the local government debt more transparency, local debt financing platform size is smaller.

Survey of emergency medicine resident debt status and financial planning preparedness.

PubMed

Glaspy, Jeffrey N; Ma, O John; Steele, Mark T; Hall, Jacqueline

2005-01-01

Most resident physicians accrue significant financial debt throughout their medical and graduate medical education. The objective of this study was to analyze emergency medicine resident debt status, financial planning actions, and educational experiences for financial planning and debt management. A 22-item questionnaire was sent to all 123 Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education-accredited emergency medicine residency programs in July 2001. Two follow-up mailings were made to increase the response rate. The survey addressed four areas of resident debt and financial planning: 1) accrued debt, 2) moonlighting activity, 3) financial planning/debt management education, and 4) financial planning actions. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Survey responses were obtained from 67.4% (1,707/2,532) of emergency medicine residents in 89 of 123 (72.4%) residency programs. Nearly one half (768/1,707) of respondents have accrued more than 100,000 dollars of debt. Fifty-eight percent (990/1,707) of all residents reported that moonlighting would be necessary to meet their financial needs, and more than 33% (640/1,707) presently moonlight to supplement their income. Nearly one half (832/1,707) of residents actively invested money, of which online trading was the most common method (23.3%). Most residents reported that they received no debt management education during residency (82.1%) or medical school (63.7%). Furthermore, 79.1% (1,351/1,707) of residents reported that they received no financial planning lectures during residency, although 84.2% (1,438/1,707) reported that debt management and financial planning education should be available during residency. Most emergency medicine residency programs do not provide their residents with financial planning education. Most residents have accrued significant debt and believe that more financial planning and debt management education is needed during residency.

Is Medical Student Choice of a Primary Care Residency Influenced by Debt?

PubMed Central

Kahn, Marc J.; Markert, Ronald J.; Lopez, Fred A.; Specter, Steven; Randall, Howard; Krane, N. Kevin

2006-01-01

Context The average medical student accumulates more than $120,000 in debt upon graduation. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate whether medical student debt affects residency choice. Design This was a cross-sectional research study. Setting This study was a 5-year analysis of student debt and residency choice for 2001–2005 graduates from 3 US medical schools (n = 2022): Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana; University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida; and Louisiana State University School of Medicine in New Orleans. Main outcome measures Individual student data were collected from offices of financial aid for debt prior to and during medical school to determine total debt at graduation. Total debt (adjusted for inflation) was compared with residency match results coded according to specialties listed in the Graduate Medical Education Directory 2005–2006. Graduates were coded into either primary care (PC) or nonprimary care (NPC) specialty categories. Logistic regression for the choice of a PC residency was used with 4 predictors: (1) total debt, (2) medical school, (3) year of graduation, and (4) number of years of training required for a residency program. Results Mean total debt for the study population was $89,807 (SD = 54,925). Graduates entering PC did not have significantly less total debt than those entering NPC ($87,206 vs $91,430; P = .09). Further, total debt was not a predictor of a PC residency after adjusting for medical school, year of graduation, and years of training in residency (P = .64). Conclusion There is no association between PC residency choice and debt. We conclude that medical students make residency decisions on the basis of a complex set of factors. PMID:17415301

Parental Debt and Children's Socioemotional Well-being.

PubMed

Berger, Lawrence M; Houle, Jason N

2016-02-01

We estimated associations between total amount of parental debt and of home mortgage, student loan, automobile, and unsecured debt with children's socioemotional well-being. We used population-based longitudinal data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth 1979 Cohort and Children of the National Longitudinal Study of Youth 1979 Cohort. Our analytic sample consisted of 29 318 child-year observations of 9011 children and their mothers observed annually or biennially from 1986 to 2008. We used the Behavioral Problems Index to measure socioemotional well-being. We used ordinary least squares regressions to estimate between-child associations of amounts and types of parental debt with socioemotional well-being, net of a host of control variables, and regressions with child-specific fixed effects to estimate within-child associations of changes in parental debt with changes in socioemotional well-being, net of all time-constant observed and unobserved confounders. Greater total debt was associated with poorer child socioemotional well-being. However, this association varied by type of debt. Specifically, higher levels of home mortgage and education debt were associated with greater socioemotional well-being for children, whereas higher levels of and increases in unsecured debt were associated with lower levels of and declines in child socioemotional well-being. Debt that allows for investment in homes (and perhaps access to better neighborhoods and schools) and parental education is associated with greater socioemotional well-being for children, whereas unsecured debt is negatively associated with socioemotional development, which may reflect limited financial resources to invest in children and/or parental financial stress. This suggests that debt is not universally harmful for children's well-being, particularly if used to invest in a home or education. Copyright © 2016 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

Debt swapping as a tool for economic and social stabilization in Russia's closed nuclear cities (briefing paper)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

JL Fuller; KM Leek

2000-03-08

The next great issue on the Russian landscape will be management of its foreign debt. In the near future the United States will be called upon to lead an international program of debt restructuring to assist Russia in overcoming the burden of its debt trap. With debt service obligations equal to 50{percent} of 1999 revenues, Russia has virtually no chance of sustaining a program of economic recovery without debt relief (Hardt, 1999). With some form of debt restructuring a foregone conclusion, Russia, the United States, and world community have a vital stake in searching for creative ways to transform themore » inevitability of debt restructuring into something of value and constructive to Russia and the problems it faces. This was the rationale behind debt-for-nature swaps which emerged in the early 1980s in Latin American and Eastern Europe as a means of relieving developing nations of their crippling foreign debt. Debt-for-nature swaps served both domestic and international needs by converting a portion of foreign debt, often at steep discounts, into local currency that was then used to fund programs to preserve the environment. The debt swap mechanism provides the prospect of getting something of real value where nothing is expected. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) has proposed to use the same model to synergistically capitalize defense threat reduction activities and environmental remediation within Russia's closed nuclear cities. Preventing the emigration of nuclear technology, expertise, and hardware from these cities to subnational groups and countries of proliferation concern is one of the world's foremost pressing problems. It is in the best national security interest of the United states to assist Russia in overcoming the legacy of the Cold War by helping to address the catastrophic environmental and public health effects of nuclear production that negatively impact economic stabilization.« less

7 CFR 1951.894 - Debt settlement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 14 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true Debt settlement. 1951.894 Section 1951.894 Agriculture... REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) SERVICING AND COLLECTIONS Rural Development Loan Servicing § 1951.894 Debt settlement. Debt settlement of all claims will be handled in accordance with the Federal Claims Collection...

7 CFR 1956.136 - Chargeoff.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 14 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true Chargeoff. 1956.136 Section 1956.136 Agriculture... REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) DEBT SETTLEMENT Debt Settlement-Community and Business Programs § 1956.136 Chargeoff. (a) Judgment debts. Subject to the provisions of § 1956.112(d) of this subpart, judgment debts...

12 CFR 37.8 - Safety and soundness requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... effective risk management and control processes over its debt cancellation contracts and debt suspension... manage the risks associated with debt cancellation contracts and debt suspension agreements in accordance... the products. A bank also should assess the adequacy of its internal control and risk mitigation...

48 CFR 31.205-3 - Bad debts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Bad debts. 31.205-3... REQUIREMENTS CONTRACT COST PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURES Contracts With Commercial Organizations 31.205-3 Bad debts. Bad debts, including actual or estimated losses arising from uncollectible accounts receivable due...

12 CFR 37.8 - Safety and soundness requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... effective risk management and control processes over its debt cancellation contracts and debt suspension... manage the risks associated with debt cancellation contracts and debt suspension agreements in accordance... the products. A bank also should assess the adequacy of its internal control and risk mitigation...

The burden of debt for Canadian dental students: part 1. Review of the literature.

PubMed

Matthew, Ian R; Walton, Joanne N; Dumaresq, Cheryl; Sudmant, Walter

2006-09-01

Debt among Canadian university graduates is increasing, while money apportioned to federal and provincial needs-based student assistance programs has been decreasing since the 1990s. Dental students have had to absorb increased tuition fees at both the undergraduate and post-baccalaureate levels. Existing debt and high tuition fees may adversely influence a potential candidate"s decision to enroll in dental school. Likewise, debt incurred during the minimum 2 years of pre-dental education adds to the future debt load of dental graduates. It seems that few dental students can remain debt-free during their dental education, although data are lacking about the extent of debt among dental students and its impact on their career decisions. Government statistics focus primarily on tuition costs for baccalaureate-degree students. Tuition and clinic-related fees constitute a significant proportion of costs for dental students; moreover, university administrations perceive dentistry as an expensive curriculum. This first article of a 4-part series examines debt among dental students, both nationally and internationally.

The effect of education debt on dentists' career decisions.

PubMed

Nicholson, Sean; Vujicic, Marko; Wanchek, Tanya; Ziebert, Anthony; Menezes, Adriana

2015-11-01

The purpose of the study was to determine whether there is an association between the amount of education debt on completing dental school (initial debt) and certain career decisions. The authors surveyed 1,842 practicing dentists who completed dental school between 1996 and 2011 to ascertain their initial education debt, the balance on their debt in 2013, and a variety of specialization and practice decisions made during their careers. Data also included demographic characteristics and parental income and education levels. Dentists with higher initial debt were less likely to specialize and more likely to enter private practice, accept high-paying jobs on graduation, and work longer hours. Choice of employment setting, practice ownership, and whether to provide Medicaid and charity care were associated with dentists' sexes and races but not debt. High debt levels influenced some career decisions, but the magnitude of these effects was small compared with the effects of demographic characteristics, including race and sex, on career choices. Policy makers concerned about the influence of student debt on the professional decisions of dental school graduates should recognize that students' demographic characteristics may be more powerful in driving career choices. Copyright © 2015 American Dental Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

7 CFR 1956.109 - General requirements for debt settlement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 14 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true General requirements for debt settlement. 1956.109 Section 1956.109 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING... and Business Programs § 1956.109 General requirements for debt settlement. (a) Debt due and payable...

20 CFR 422.306 - Report of overdue administrative debts to credit reporting agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

..., status, and history of the debt; (4) The debtor has the right to a complete explanation of the debt; (5...; (6) The debtor may request a review of the debt by giving us evidence showing that he or she does not...

76 FR 1063 - Modifications of Debt Instruments

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-07

... modified instrument received in an exchange will be classified as debt for Federal income tax purposes... properly classified as debt for Federal income tax purposes. Effective/Applicability Date The regulations... right that is not debt for federal income tax purposes. Paragraph (g) of this section contains examples...

41 CFR 105-56.014 - Purpose and scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... centralized salary offset computer matching, identify Federal employees who owe delinquent non-tax debt to the... satisfy delinquent non-tax debt owed to the United States. GSA will pursue, when appropriate, such debt... (FMS) administrative offset program, to collect delinquent debts owed to the Federal Government. This...

5 CFR 845.205 - Collection of debts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... interest of the United States. (c) Collection in installments. (1) Whenever feasible, debts will be... an offset would substantially prejudice the Government's ability to collect the debt; and the time... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Collection of debts. 845.205 Section 845...

77 FR 62312 - Debt Management Advisory Committee; Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-12

... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Debt Management Advisory Committee; Meeting Notice is hereby given... Pennsylvania Avenue NW.,Washington, DC, on October 30, 2012 at 11:30 a.m. of the following debt management... advice has been offered by debt management advisory committees established by the several major segments...

Latin American Debt: Opportunities for Universities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garg, Ramesh C.

The debt crisis of the lesser developed countries (LDCs) may provide opportunities for educational institutions. Through debt-for-education programs, a part of the huge debt load can be channelled into financing various educational programs sponsored by U.S. higher education institutions. Private commercial banks and multinational corporations are…

26 CFR 1.1286-2 - Stripped inflation-protected debt instruments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Stripped inflation-protected debt instruments... Losses § 1.1286-2 Stripped inflation-protected debt instruments. Stripped inflation-protected debt instruments. If a Treasury Inflation-Protected Security is stripped under the Department of the Treasury's...

26 CFR 1.1286-2 - Stripped inflation-protected debt instruments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Stripped inflation-protected debt instruments... Losses § 1.1286-2 Stripped inflation-protected debt instruments. Stripped inflation-protected debt instruments. If a Treasury Inflation-Protected Security is stripped under the Department of the Treasury's...

An Application of Robust Method in Multiple Linear Regression Model toward Credit Card Debt

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Amira Azmi, Nur; Saifullah Rusiman, Mohd; Khalid, Kamil; Roslan, Rozaini; Sufahani, Suliadi; Mohamad, Mahathir; Salleh, Rohayu Mohd; Hamzah, Nur Shamsidah Amir

2018-04-01

Credit card is a convenient alternative replaced cash or cheque, and it is essential component for electronic and internet commerce. In this study, the researchers attempt to determine the relationship and significance variables between credit card debt and demographic variables such as age, household income, education level, years with current employer, years at current address, debt to income ratio and other debt. The provided data covers 850 customers information. There are three methods that applied to the credit card debt data which are multiple linear regression (MLR) models, MLR models with least quartile difference (LQD) method and MLR models with mean absolute deviation method. After comparing among three methods, it is found that MLR model with LQD method became the best model with the lowest value of mean square error (MSE). According to the final model, it shows that the years with current employer, years at current address, household income in thousands and debt to income ratio are positively associated with the amount of credit debt. Meanwhile variables for age, level of education and other debt are negatively associated with amount of credit debt. This study may serve as a reference for the bank company by using robust methods, so that they could better understand their options and choice that is best aligned with their goals for inference regarding to the credit card debt.

Analysis of 2011 physician assistant education debt load.

PubMed

Moore, Miranda A; Coffman, Megan; Cawley, James F; Crowley, Diana; Miller, Anthony; Klink, Kathleen

2017-03-01

This study seeks to investigate how physician assistants (PAs) finance their education and to characterize the educational debt of PA students. Data from the 2011 American Academy of PAs (AAPA)-Physician Assistant Education Association Graduating Student Survey were used to explore the educational debt of PA students. The median total educational debt of a PA student graduating in 2011 was $80,000. Little financial assistance, other than student loans, is available to PA students. Eighty-five percent of PA students report owing some PA education debt amount, with 23% owing at least $100,000. This study provides a baseline look at PA student debt loads as a starting point for more detailed and robust research into new graduate specialty choices and PA career migration into other specialties. Further research is needed to explore the effect of student debt on students' specialty choices.

Can't afford a baby? Debt and young Americans.

PubMed

Nau, Michael; Dwyer, Rachel E; Hodson, Randy

2015-12-01

This article explores the role of personal debt in the transition to parenthood. We analyze data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth-1997 cohort and find that for the generation coming of age in the 2000s, student loans delay fertility for women, particularly at very high levels of debt. Home mortgages and credit card debt, in contrast, appear to be precursors to parenthood. These results indicate that different forms of debt have different implications for early adulthood transitions: whereas consumer loans or home mortgages immediately increase access to consumption goods, there is often a significant delay between the accrual and realization of benefits for student loans. The double-edged nature of debt as both barrier and facilitator to life transitions highlights the importance of looking at debt both as a monetary issue and also as a carrier of social meanings.

The High Price of Debt: Household financial debt and its impact on mental and physical health

PubMed Central

Nandi, Arijit; Adam, Emma; McDade, Thomas

2013-01-01

Household financial debt in America has risen dramatically in recent years. While there is evidence that debt is associated with adverse psychological health, its relationship with other health outcomes is relatively unknown. We investigate the associations of multiple indices of financial debt with psychological and general health outcomes among 8400 young adult respondents from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). Our findings show that reporting high financial debt relative to available assets is associated with higher perceived stress and depression, worse selfreported general health, and higher diastolic blood pressure. These associations remain significant when controlling for prior socioeconomic status, psychological and physical health, and other demographic factors. The results suggest that debt is an important socioeconomic determinant of health that should be explored further in social epidemiology research. PMID:23849243

The Color of Debt: Racial Disparities in Anticipated Medical Student Debt in the United States

PubMed Central

Dugger, Robert A.; El-Sayed, Abdulrahman M.; Dogra, Anjali; Messina, Catherine; Bronson, Richard; Galea, Sandro

2013-01-01

Context The cost of American medical education has increased substantially over the past decade. Given racial/ethnic inequalities in access to financial resources, it is plausible that increases in student debt burden resulting from these increases in cost may not be borne equally. Objective To evaluate racial/ethnic disparities in medical student debt. Design, Setting, and Participants Authors collected self-reported data from a non-representative sample of 2414 medical students enrolled at 111/159 accredited US medical schools between December 1st 2010 and March 27th 2011. After weighting for representativeness by race and class year and calculating crude anticipated debt by racial/ethnic category, authors fit multivariable regression models of debt by race/ethnicity adjusted for potential confounders. Main Outcome Measures Anticipated educational debt upon graduation greater than $150,000. Results 62.1% of medical students anticipated debt in excess of $150,000 upon graduation. The proportion of Blacks, Whites, Hispanics, and Asians reporting anticipated educational debt in excess of $150,000 was 77.3%, 65.1%, 57.2% and 50.2%, respectively. Both Black and White medical students demonstrated a significantly higher likelihood of anticipated debt in excess of $150,000 when compared to Asians [Blacks (OR = 2.7, 1.3–5.6), Whites (OR = 1.7, 1.3–2.2)] in adjusted models. Conclusion Black medical students had significantly higher anticipated debt than Asian students. This finding has implications for understanding differential enrollment among minority groups in US medical schools. PMID:24019975

24 CFR 811.108 - Debt service reserve.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... funding of the debt service reserve. Any excess investment income shall be added to the debt service reserve. In the event such investment income is insufficient, surplus cash or residual receipts, to the... the owner's debt service payment. Any excess investment income shall be added to and become part of...

Yes, No, Maybe So: College Students' Attitudes Regarding Debt

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zerquera, Desiree D.; McGowan, Brian L.; Ferguson, Tomika L.

2016-01-01

We examined college student attitudes regarding debt. Based on focus group interviews with 31 students from 4 different institutions within a Midwestern university system, data analysis yielded a continuum that captures students' debt approaches while enrolled in college. Findings indicate that students avoided debt completely, made intentional…

7 CFR 1956.112 - Debts ineligible for settlement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 14 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true Debts ineligible for settlement. 1956.112 Section 1956.112 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, RURAL... § 1956.112 Debts ineligible for settlement. Debts will not be settled: (a) If referral to the Office of...

7 CFR 1956.75 - Chargeoff.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 14 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true Chargeoff. 1956.75 Section 1956.75 Agriculture... REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) DEBT SETTLEMENT Debt Settlement-Farm Loan Programs and Multi-Family Housing § 1956.75 Chargeoff. (a) Judgment debts. Subject to the provisions of § 1956.57(g)(3), judgment debts may be charged...

26 CFR 1.1286-2 - Stripped inflation-indexed debt instruments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Stripped inflation-indexed debt instruments. 1....1286-2 Stripped inflation-indexed debt instruments. Stripped inflation-indexed debt instruments. If a Treasury Inflation-Indexed Security is stripped under the Department of the Treasury's Separate Trading of...

76 FR 64429 - Senior Executive Service; Public Debt Performance Review Board (PRB)

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-18

... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Bureau of the Public Debt Senior Executive Service; Public Debt Performance Review Board (PRB) AGENCY: Bureau of the Public Debt, Treasury. ACTION: Notice of Members of... reviews the performance appraisals of career senior executives who are below the level of Assistant...

29 CFR 1650.202 - Past-due legally enforceable debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Past-due legally enforceable debt. 1650.202 Section 1650.202 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures for the Collection of Debts by Federal Tax Refund Offset § 1650.202 Past-due legally...

49 CFR 89.31 - Use of professional debt collection agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... agencies except for those debts owed by State and local governments, other Federal agencies, current... 49 Transportation 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Use of professional debt collection agencies. 89... FEDERAL CLAIMS COLLECTION ACT Collection of Claims § 89.31 Use of professional debt collection agencies...

42 CFR 413.89 - Bad debts, charity, and courtesy allowances.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... SERVICES; OPTIONAL PROSPECTIVELY DETERMINED PAYMENT RATES FOR SKILLED NURSING FACILITIES Specific... allowable costs. (e) Criteria for allowable bad debt. A bad debt must meet the following criteria to be... amount of allowable bad debt (as defined in paragraph (e) of this section) is reduced: (i) For cost...

42 CFR 413.89 - Bad debts, charity, and courtesy allowances.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... SERVICES; OPTIONAL PROSPECTIVELY DETERMINED PAYMENT RATES FOR SKILLED NURSING FACILITIES Specific... allowable costs. (e) Criteria for allowable bad debt. A bad debt must meet the following criteria to be... amount of allowable bad debt (as defined in paragraph (e) of this section) is reduced: (i) For cost...

7 CFR 3555.151 - Eligibility requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... and total debt (TD) ratio, to determine adequate repayment for the requested loan. The Agency reserves... and the monthly amount of PITI plus recurring monthly debts (total debt) does not exceed 41 percent of... obligations specifically excluded by State law, the debts of non-purchasing spouse must be included in the...

76 FR 78085 - Permissible Investments for Federal and State Savings Associations: Corporate Debt Securities

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-15

... Part 362 Permissible Investments for Federal and State Savings Associations: Corporate Debt Securities... association from acquiring and retaining a corporate debt security unless it determines, prior to acquiring... whether a corporate debt security is eligible for investment under this proposed rule. DATES: Comments...

26 CFR 1.1275-6 - Integration of qualifying debt instruments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Integration of qualifying debt instruments. 1....1275-6 Integration of qualifying debt instruments. (a) In general. This section generally provides for the integration of a qualifying debt instrument with a hedge or combination of hedges if the combined...

75 FR 42662 - Debt Collection

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-22

... a tax overpayment payable to a taxpayer by the amount of past-due, legally enforceable debt owed by... collection of non-tax debts owed to PBGC. This proposed rule would add salary offset and administrative wage... other laws applicable to the collection of non-tax debt owed to the Government. Background In 1994, PBGC...

Addressing Student Debt in the Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perkins, David; Johnston, Tim; Lytle, Rick

2016-01-01

Student debt is a national concern. The authors address debt in the classroom to enhance students' understanding of the consequences of debt and the need for caution when financing their education. However, student feedback indicates this understanding has a delayed effect on borrowing behavior and underscores the importance of making difficult…

77 FR 22390 - Debt Management Advisory Committee Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-13

... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Debt Management Advisory Committee Meeting Notice is hereby given... Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC, on May 1, 2012 at 11:30 a.m. of the following debt management advisory... advice has been offered by debt management advisory committees established by the several major segments...

Cumulative Student Loan Debt in Minnesota, 2015

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williams-Wyche, Shaun

2016-01-01

To better understand student debt in Minnesota, the Minnesota Office of Higher Education (the Office) gathers information on cumulative student loan debt from Minnesota degree-granting institutions. These data detail the number of students with loans by institution, the cumulative student loan debt incurred at that institution, and the percentage…

75 FR 19873 - Collection of Administrative Debts; Collection of Debts Arising From Enforcement and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-16

...The Federal Election Commission (``Commission'') is promulgating rules implementing statutory provisions regarding the collection of debts owed to the United States Government. The Commission is also integrating its rules regarding the collection of debts arising solely from the Administrative Fines program into the new rules.

76 FR 24406 - Collection by Offset From Indebted Government Employees

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-02

... proposed regulations to eliminate the 10-year statute of limitations on collection of debt by... eliminate the 10-year statute of limitations on collection of debt by administrative offset, which includes... offset to collect a debt without time limitations on debt outstanding after the Government's right to...

Pilot Study of Debt Elasticity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greiner, Keith; Girardi, Tony

2006-01-01

This report examines the relationship between student loan debt and the manner in which that debt is described. It focuses on three forms of description: (1) monthly payments, (2) total debt, and (3) income after graduation. The authors used the term elasticity to describe the relationship between consumers' college choices and the retention…

Iraq’s Debt Relief: Procedure and Potential Implications for International Debt Relief

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-26

countries use different interest rates and levy different penalties for Iraq’s payment arrears . Hence, the debt owed to each creditor can grow at...REPORT DATE 26 JAN 2009 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 00-00-2009 to 00-00-2009 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Iraq’s Debt Relief: Procedure and...Potential Implications for International Debt Relief 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e

A Review of Wind Project Financing Structures in the USA

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bolinger, Mark A; Harper, John; Karcher, Matthew

2008-09-24

The rapid pace of wind power development in the U.S. over the last decade has outstripped the ability of most project developers to provide adequate equity capital and make efficient use of project-related tax benefits. In response, the sector has created novel project financing structures that feature varying combinations of equity capital from project developers and third-party tax-oriented investors, and in some cases commercial debt. While their origins stem from variations in the financial capacity and business objectives of wind project developers, as well as the risk tolerances and objectives of equity and debt providers, each structure is, at itsmore » core, designed to manage project risk and allocate federal tax incentives to those entities that can use them most efficiently. This article surveys the six principal financing structures through which most new utility-scale wind projects (excluding utility-owned projects) in the U.S. have been financed from 1999 to the present. These structures include simple balance-sheet finance, several varieties of all-equity special allocation partnership 'flip' structures, and two leveraged structures. In addition to describing each structure's mechanics, the article also discusses its rationale for use, the types of investors that find it appealing and why, and its relative frequency of use in the market. The article concludes with a generalized summary of how a developer might choose one structure over another.« less

Indebtedness of dental school graduates in Canada: mortgaged futures.

PubMed

McDermott, R E; Fuglerud, K P

1996-03-01

The debt level of graduating dental students is increasing annually. Six of Canada's 10 dental schools responded to a survey designed to ascertain the level of student debt on entering and graduating from dental school. For the academic year 1993-94, the average starting debt for students was $2,013.89 and the average graduating debt was $25,671.30. On average, dental students accumulated more than $23,600 in debt while pursuing their dental education. Of those students who completed the survey, 57.89 per cent relied on their parents for assistance, and 76.69 per cent received student/government loans. The level of student debt was independent of age, gender and parents' income.

Testing the role of external debt in environmental degradation: empirical evidence from Turkey.

PubMed

Katircioglu, Salih; Celebi, Aysem

2018-03-01

This study investigates the role of external debt stock in Turkey, which has suffered from heavy (external and domestic) debt stock for many years. Annual data from 1960 to 2013 was analyzed using time series analysis in order to study this. The results confirm the validity of the conventional environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) in the case of Turkey. However, this study also found that Turkey's external debt stock did not influence the Turkish economy's long-term EKC behavior. Fortunately, the results suggest that there are important interactions among external debt stock, CO 2 emissions, energy consumption, and real income; that is, changes in external debt volume precede changes in these aggregates' volumes.

Leveraging Psychological Insights to Encourage the Responsible Use of Consumer Debt.

PubMed

Hershfield, Hal E; Sussman, Abigail B; O'Brien, Rourke L; Bryan, Christopher J

2015-11-01

U.S. consumers currently hold $880 billion in revolving debt, with a mean household credit card balance of approximately $6,000. Although economic factors play a role in this societal issue, it is clear that psychological forces also affect consumers' decisions to take on and maintain unmanageable debt balances. We examine three psychological barriers to the responsible use of credit and debt. We discuss the tendency for consumers to (a) make erroneous predictions about future spending habits, (b) rely too heavily on values presented on billing statements, and (c) categorize debt and saving into separate mental accounts. To overcome these obstacles, we urge policymakers to implement methods that facilitate better budgeting of future expenses, modify existing credit card statement disclosures, and allow consumers to easily apply government transfers (such as tax credits) to debt repayment. In doing so, we highlight minimal and inexpensive ways to remedy the debt problem. © The Author(s) 2015.

Can't afford a baby? Debt and young Americans☆

PubMed Central

Nau, Michael; Dwyer, Rachel E.; Hodson, Randy

2016-01-01

This article explores the role of personal debt in the transition to parenthood. We analyze data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth-1997 cohort and find that for the generation coming of age in the 2000s, student loans delay fertility for women, particularly at very high levels of debt. Home mortgages and credit card debt, in contrast, appear to be precursors to parenthood. These results indicate that different forms of debt have different implications for early adulthood transitions: whereas consumer loans or home mortgages immediately increase access to consumption goods, there is often a significant delay between the accrual and realization of benefits for student loans. The double-edged nature of debt as both barrier and facilitator to life transitions highlights the importance of looking at debt both as a monetary issue and also as a carrier of social meanings. PMID:28090131

The high price of debt: household financial debt and its impact on mental and physical health.

PubMed

Sweet, Elizabeth; Nandi, Arijit; Adam, Emma K; McDade, Thomas W

2013-08-01

Household financial debt in America has risen dramatically in recent years. While there is evidence that debt is associated with adverse psychological health, its relationship with other health outcomes is relatively unknown. We investigate the associations of multiple indices of financial debt with psychological and general health outcomes among 8400 young adult respondents from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). Our findings show that reporting high financial debt relative to available assets is associated with higher perceived stress and depression, worse self-reported general health, and higher diastolic blood pressure. These associations remain significant when controlling for prior socioeconomic status, psychological and physical health, and other demographic factors. The results suggest that debt is an important socioeconomic determinant of health that should be explored further in social epidemiology research. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Debt, cohabitation, and marriage in young adulthood.

PubMed

Addo, Fenaba R

2014-10-01

Despite growing evidence that debt influences pivotal life events in early and young adulthood, the role of debt in the familial lives of young adults has received relatively little attention. Using data from the NLSY 1997 cohort (N = 6,749) and a discrete-time competing risks hazard model framework, I test whether the transition to first union is influenced by a young adult's credit card and education loan debt above and beyond traditional educational and labor market characteristics. I find that credit card debt is positively associated with cohabitation for men and women, and that women with education loan debt are more likely than women without such debt to delay marriage and transition into cohabitation. Single life may be difficult to afford, but marital life is un-affordable as well. Cohabitation presents an alternative to single life, but not necessarily a marital substitute for these young adults.

42 CFR 413.89 - Bad debts, charity, and courtesy allowances.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Bad debts, charity, and courtesy allowances. 413.89... Categories of Costs § 413.89 Bad debts, charity, and courtesy allowances. Link to an amendment published at 75 FR 49198, Aug. 12, 2010. (a) Principle. Bad debts, charity, and courtesy allowances are deductions...

14 CFR § 1261.412 - Interest, penalties, and administrative costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...—that is, a bill is mailed before the debt is actually owed—it can include the required interest... debt—that is, the additional costs incurred in processing and handling the debt because it became... from the date that the debt became delinquent. (f) When a debt is paid in partial or installment...

77 FR 76148 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Arca, Inc.; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change To List...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-26

..., corporate debt securities are fixed-income securities issued by businesses to finance their operations... consist of both foreign and domestic debt instruments, including corporate bonds, high yield bonds... stated above, the Fund may invest in a variety of debt securities, including corporate debt securities...

5 CFR 835.606 - Change in notification to Internal Revenue Service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) DEBT COLLECTION Collection of Debts by Federal Tax Refund...) of this section, after OPM sends IRS notification of an individual's liability for a debt, OPM will... payment to the account of the debtor named in the notification that reduces the amount of the debt...

7 CFR 1782.20 - Debt Settlement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Collection Improvement Act of 1996. This law provides that any non-tax debt or claim owed to the United... 7 Agriculture 12 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Debt Settlement. 1782.20 Section 1782.20 Agriculture... (CONTINUED) SERVICING OF WATER AND WASTE PROGRAMS § 1782.20 Debt Settlement. Pursuant to 7 U.S.C. 1981, this...

31 CFR 29.501 - Purpose; incorporation by reference; scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... CFR 900.3. (2) Tax debts. This subpart does not apply to tax debts. (d)(1) Sections 29.501 through 29... BENEFIT PAYMENTS UNDER CERTAIN DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA RETIREMENT PROGRAMS Debt Collection and Waivers of... debts due the United States. (b) The regulations of this subpart incorporate by this reference all...

5 CFR 835.603 - Notification of intent to collect.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) DEBT COLLECTION Collection of Debts by Federal Tax Refund Offset § 835.603... by IRS tax refund offset (Notice of Intent) will state: (1) The amount of the debt; (2) That unless... debt by requesting the IRS to reduce any amounts payable to the debtor as a Federal income tax refund...

45 CFR 32.1 - Purpose and scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... satisfy delinquent non-tax debts owed to the United States. (b) Authority. These standards and procedures... Regional Offices that administer a program that gives rise to a delinquent non-tax debt owed to the United... payments to satisfy delinquent non-tax debt owed to the United States. The Department may pursue such debt...

41 CFR 105-57.001 - Purpose, authority and scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... administrative wage garnishment to satisfy delinquent non-tax debt owed to the United States. (b) These standards... non-tax debt owed to the United States and that pursues recovery of such debt. (2) This part will..., including the offset of Federal payments to satisfy delinquent non-tax debt owed to the United States. GSA...

29 CFR 4903.33 - Referral of debt for tax refund offset.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Referral of debt for tax refund offset. 4903.33 Section... AND ADMINISTRATIVE RULES AND PROCEDURES DEBT COLLECTION Tax Refund Offset § 4903.33 Referral of debt for tax refund offset. The Director of the Financial Operations Department (or a department official...

75 FR 69151 - Small Business Jobs Act: 504 Loan Program Debt Refinancing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-10

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Small Business Jobs Act: 504 Loan Program Debt Refinancing AGENCY: U... regarding the Small Business Jobs Act: 504 Loan Program Debt Refinancing. The meeting will be open to the... the 504 Loan Program Debt Refinancing established by Sec. 1122 of the Small Business Jobs Act (Pub. L...

7 CFR 3.12 - Reporting of consumer debts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Reporting of consumer debts. 3.12 Section 3.12... and Compromise of Claims § 3.12 Reporting of consumer debts. (a) Notice. In demand letters to debtors... the delinquent consumer debt to credit reporting agencies after 60 days; (2) The specific information...

7 CFR 792.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... debts and claims. The late payment interest rate shall be determined as of the date a debt becomes... debt owed the Government, or any agency thereof. FSA means the Farm Service Agency of the United States..., data file, or similar record of debts owed to FSA, CCC, or any other Government Agency with respect to...

Tough Choices in Tough Times: Debt and Medication Nonadherence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kalousova, Lucie; Burgard, Sarah A.

2014-01-01

Debt is a ubiquitous component of households' financial portfolios. Yet we have scant understanding of how household debt constrains spending on needed health care. Diverse types of debt have different financial properties and recent work has shown that they may have varying implications for spending on needed health care. In this article, we…

22 CFR 512.10 - Collection by administrative offset.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Government's right to collect the debt first accrued, unless facts material to the Government's right were... to: Debts owed by any State or local Government; debts arising under or payments made under the... the Government's ability to collect the debt, and the time before the payment is to be made does not...

5 CFR 550.1106 - Time limit on collection of debts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... to collect a debt more than 10 years after the Government's right to collect the debt first accrued... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Time limit on collection of debts. 550... PAY ADMINISTRATION (GENERAL) Collection by Offset From Indebted Government Employees § 550.1106 Time...

26 CFR 1.1275-6 - Integration of qualifying debt instruments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Integration of qualifying debt instruments. 1... Losses § 1.1275-6 Integration of qualifying debt instruments. (a) In general. This section generally provides for the integration of a qualifying debt instrument with a hedge or combination of hedges if the...

26 CFR 1.1275-6 - Integration of qualifying debt instruments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Integration of qualifying debt instruments. 1... Losses § 1.1275-6 Integration of qualifying debt instruments. (a) In general. This section generally provides for the integration of a qualifying debt instrument with a hedge or combination of hedges if the...

26 CFR 1.1275-6 - Integration of qualifying debt instruments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Integration of qualifying debt instruments. 1... Losses § 1.1275-6 Integration of qualifying debt instruments. (a) In general. This section generally provides for the integration of a qualifying debt instrument with a hedge or combination of hedges if the...

26 CFR 1.1275-6 - Integration of qualifying debt instruments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Integration of qualifying debt instruments. 1... Losses § 1.1275-6 Integration of qualifying debt instruments. (a) In general. This section generally provides for the integration of a qualifying debt instrument with a hedge or combination of hedges if the...

31 CFR 5.9 - When will Treasury entities transfer a Treasury debt to the Treasury Department's Financial...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... a Treasury debt to the Treasury Department's Financial Management Service for collection? 5.9... Treasury Department's Financial Management Service for collection? (a) Treasury entities will transfer any eligible debt that is more than 180 days delinquent to the Financial Management Service for debt collection...

42 CFR 413.178 - Bad debts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Bad debts. 413.178 Section 413.178 Public Health...) Services and Organ Procurement Costs § 413.178 Bad debts. Link to an amendment published at 75 FR 49199, Aug. 12, 2010. (a) CMS will reimburse each facility its allowable Medicare bad debts, as defined in...

Towards a Rhythmanalysis of Debt Dressage: Education as Rhythmic Resistance in Everyday Indebted Life

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wozniak, Jason Thomas

2017-01-01

Debt shapes subjectivity by rhythmically training indebted subjects. Stated slightly differently, there exists a debt dressage that produces indebted subjectivity. One of the principle aims of this article is to introduce rhythm into the debt analysis debates. Building on Henri Lefebvre's book "Rhythmanalysis: Space, Time and Everyday…

New England's Disadvantaged Populations Struggle the Most with Student Debt Repayment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saas, Darcy Rollins

2016-01-01

Regularly reported statistics about high and growing student-loan debt levels, combined with increased rates of delinquency and default, have prompted calls to address the student-debt "crisis." For New England, with its highly educated population and large higher education industry, student-loan debt is an important economic policy…

6 CFR 11.6 - Reporting debts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 6 Domestic Security 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Reporting debts. 11.6 Section 11.6 Domestic Security DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY CLAIMS § 11.6 Reporting debts. DHS will report delinquent debts to credit bureaus and other automated databases in accordance with 31 U.S.C. 3711...

12 CFR 560.40 - Commercial paper and corporate debt securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2014-01-01 2012-01-01 true Commercial paper and corporate debt securities... paper and corporate debt securities. Pursuant to HOLA section 5(c)(2)(D), a Federal savings association may invest in, sell, or hold commercial paper and corporate debt securities subject to the provisions...

12 CFR 160.40 - Commercial paper and corporate debt securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Commercial paper and corporate debt securities... LENDING AND INVESTMENT § 160.40 Commercial paper and corporate debt securities. Pursuant to HOLA section 5... investment in the commercial paper and corporate debt securities of any one issuer, or issued by any one...

12 CFR 560.40 - Commercial paper and corporate debt securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2013-01-01 2012-01-01 true Commercial paper and corporate debt securities... paper and corporate debt securities. Pursuant to HOLA section 5(c)(2)(D), a Federal savings association may invest in, sell, or hold commercial paper and corporate debt securities subject to the provisions...

12 CFR 560.40 - Commercial paper and corporate debt securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Commercial paper and corporate debt securities... paper and corporate debt securities. Pursuant to HOLA section 5(c)(2)(D), a Federal savings association may invest in, sell, or hold commercial paper and corporate debt securities subject to the provisions...

12 CFR 560.40 - Commercial paper and corporate debt securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Commercial paper and corporate debt securities... paper and corporate debt securities. Pursuant to HOLA section 5(c)(2)(D), a Federal savings association may invest in, sell, or hold commercial paper and corporate debt securities subject to the provisions...

12 CFR 160.40 - Commercial paper and corporate debt securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Commercial paper and corporate debt securities... LENDING AND INVESTMENT § 160.40 Commercial paper and corporate debt securities. Pursuant to HOLA section 5... investment in the commercial paper and corporate debt securities of any one issuer, or issued by any one...

12 CFR 560.40 - Commercial paper and corporate debt securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Commercial paper and corporate debt securities... paper and corporate debt securities. Pursuant to HOLA section 5(c)(2)(D), a Federal savings association may invest in, sell, or hold commercial paper and corporate debt securities subject to the provisions...

An Examination of Business Students' Student Loan Debt and Total Debt

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kuzma, Ann T.; Kuzma, John R.; Thiewes, Harold F.

2010-01-01

Under the current economic environment and its high levels of unemployment, many people are turning to university education to attain higher education or simply to upgrade their skills and avoid continued unemployment. This paper examines student workloads, debt levels, and the debt perceptions of junior- and senior-level College of Business…

Debt Change and Marital Satisfaction Change in Recently Married Couples

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dew, Jeffrey

2008-01-01

Although recently married couples report debt as one of their top concerns, research has not measured how debt changes relate to changes in their marital satisfaction. Further, the mechanisms that link debt and marital satisfaction are unknown. Findings using the National Survey of Families and Households (N = 1,078 couples) demonstrated that…

Issues 2016: Is There a Student Debt Crisis?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eden, Max

2016-01-01

Student debt is a convenient target in a presidential election year, but it obscures the true crisis: high dropout rates from low-quality postsecondary institutions and the unmanageable debt borne by students of those institutions. And despite rising student debt, monthly loan payments as a share of income have remained steady, added earnings…

20 CFR 422.305 - Report of overdue program overpayment debts to consumer reporting agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... debts to consumer reporting agencies. (a) Debts we will report. We will report to consumer reporting... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Report of overdue program overpayment debts to consumer reporting agencies. 422.305 Section 422.305 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY...

75 FR 8274 - Collection of Administrative Debts; Collection of Debts Arising From Enforcement and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-24

...The Federal Election Commission (``Commission'') requests comments on proposed rules implementing statutory provisions regarding the collection of debts owed to the United States Government. The Commission also proposes integrating its rules regarding the collection of debts arising solely from the Administrative Fines program into the new proposed rules.

77 FR 65248 - Senior Executive Service; Public Debt Performance Review Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-25

... Performance Review Board AGENCY: Bureau of the Public Debt, Treasury. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This notice announces the appointment of the members of the Public Debt Performance Review Board (PRB) for the Bureau of the Public Debt (BPD). The PRB reviews the performance appraisals of career senior executives who are...

12 CFR 225.140 - Disposition of property acquired in satisfaction of debts previously contracted.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... satisfaction of debts previously contracted. 225.140 Section 225.140 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM... property acquired in satisfaction of debts previously contracted. (a) The Board recently considered the... acquiring and holding assets acquired in satisfaction of a debt previously contracted in good faith (a “dpc...

12 CFR 1.7 - Securities held in satisfaction of debts previously contracted; holding period; disposal...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Securities held in satisfaction of debts... § 1.7 Securities held in satisfaction of debts previously contracted; holding period; disposal; accounting treatment; non-speculative purpose. (a) Securities held in satisfaction of debts previously...

7 CFR 3.12 - Reporting of consumer debts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Reporting of consumer debts. 3.12 Section 3.12... and Compromise of Claims § 3.12 Reporting of consumer debts. (a) Notice. In demand letters to debtors... the delinquent consumer debt to credit reporting agencies after 60 days; (2) The specific information...

Scale-invariant properties of public-debt growth

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Petersen, A. M.; Podobnik, B.; Horvatic, D.; Stanley, H. E.

2010-05-01

Public debt is one of the important economic variables that quantitatively describes a nation's economy. Because bankruptcy is a risk faced even by institutions as large as governments (e.g., Iceland), national debt should be strictly controlled with respect to national wealth. Also, the problem of eliminating extreme poverty in the world is closely connected to the study of extremely poor debtor nations. We analyze the time evolution of national public debt and find "convergence": initially less-indebted countries increase their debt more quickly than initially more-indebted countries. We also analyze the public debt-to-GDP ratio {\\cal R} , a proxy for default risk, and approximate the probability density function P({\\cal R}) with a Gamma distribution, which can be used to establish thresholds for sustainable debt. We also observe "convergence" in {\\cal R} : countries with initially small {\\cal R} increase their {\\cal R} more quickly than countries with initially large {\\cal R} . The scaling relationships for debt and {\\cal R} have practical applications, e.g. the Maastricht Treaty requires members of the European Monetary Union to maintain {\\cal R} < 0.6 .

Banking on Solar: Debt Finance in Today's Distributed Market (Poster)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Louder, T.

Over the last two years, several entities - from banks to credit unions to solar finance companies -have rolled out distributed solar-specific loan programs in the United States. These solar-specific loans are a distinct loan in that the underwriting, loan terms, lender security interest, and other programmatic aspects are designed exclusively for the financing of solar installations. Until recently, loan financing for distributed solar installations was largely through home equity loans, commercial loans, and other standardized loan products available to homeowners and businesses for general expenditures. However, as the U.S. solar market matures, so too are its financing options, andmore » solar-specific loans stand to gain market share. This poster was presented at the Solar Power International conference in Las Vegas, NV in October 2014.« less

Personal Bankruptcy After Traumatic Brain or Spinal Cord Injury: The Role of Medical Debt

PubMed Central

Relyea-Chew, Annemarie; Hollingworth, William; Chan, Leighton; Comstock, Bryan A.; Overstreet, Karen A.; Jarvik, Jeffrey G.

2012-01-01

Objective To estimate the prevalence of medical debt among traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) patients who discharged their debts through bankruptcy. Design A cross-sectional comparison of bankruptcy filings of injured versus randomly selected bankruptcy petitioners. Setting Patients hospitalized with SCI or TBI (1996–2002) and personal bankruptcy petitioners (2001–2004) in western Washington State. Participants Subjects (N=186) who filed for bankruptcy, comprised of 93 patients with previous SCI or TBI and 93 randomly selected bankruptcy petitioners. Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures Medical and nonmedical debt, assets, income, expenses, and employment recorded in the bankruptcy petition. Results Five percent of randomly selected petitioners and 26% of petitioners with TBI or SCI had substantial medical debt (debt that accounted for more than 20% of all unsecured debts). SCI and TBI petitioners had fewer assets and were more likely to be receiving government income assistance at the time of bankruptcy than controls. SCI and TBI patients with a higher blood alcohol content at injury were more likely to have substantial medical debts (odds ratio=2.70; 95% confidence interval, 1.04–7.00). Conclusions Medical debt plays an important role in some bankruptcies after TBI or SCI. We discuss policy options for reducing financial distress after serious injury. PMID:19254605

Personal bankruptcy after traumatic brain or spinal cord injury: the role of medical debt.

PubMed

Relyea-Chew, Annemarie; Hollingworth, William; Chan, Leighton; Comstock, Bryan A; Overstreet, Karen A; Jarvik, Jeffrey G

2009-03-01

To estimate the prevalence of medical debt among traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) patients who discharged their debts through bankruptcy. A cross-sectional comparison of bankruptcy filings of injured versus randomly selected bankruptcy petitioners. Patients hospitalized with SCI or TBI (1996-2002) and personal bankruptcy petitioners (2001-2004) in western Washington State. Subjects (N=186) who filed for bankruptcy, comprised of 93 patients with previous SCI or TBI and 93 randomly selected bankruptcy petitioners. Not applicable. Medical and nonmedical debt, assets, income, expenses, and employment recorded in the bankruptcy petition. Five percent of randomly selected petitioners and 26% of petitioners with TBI or SCI had substantial medical debt (debt that accounted for more than 20% of all unsecured debts). SCI and TBI petitioners had fewer assets and were more likely to be receiving government income assistance at the time of bankruptcy than controls. SCI and TBI patients with a higher blood alcohol content at injury were more likely to have substantial medical debts (odds ratio=2.70; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-7.00). Medical debt plays an important role in some bankruptcies after TBI or SCI. We discuss policy options for reducing financial distress after serious injury.

A model of the demand for Islamic banks debt-based financing instrument

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jusoh, Mansor; Khalid, Norlin

2013-04-01

This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the demand for debt-based financing instruments of the Islamic banks. Debt-based financing, such as through baibithamanajil and al-murabahah, is by far the most prominent of the Islamic bank financing and yet it has been largely ignored in Islamic economics literature. Most studies instead have been focusing on equity-based financing of al-mudharabah and al-musyarakah. Islamic bank offers debt-based financing through various instruments derived under the principle of exchange (ukud al-mu'awadhat) or more specifically, the contract of deferred sale. Under such arrangement, Islamic debt is created when goods are purchased and the payments are deferred. Thus, unlike debt of the conventional bank which is a form of financial loan contract to facilitate demand for liquid assets, this Islamic debt is created in response to the demand to purchase goods by deferred payment. In this paper we set an analytical framework that is based on an infinitely lived representative agent model (ILRA model) to analyze the demand for goods to be purchased by deferred payment. The resulting demand will then be used to derive the demand for Islamic debt. We also investigate theoretically, factors that may have an impact on the demand for Islamic debt.

Evidence and mapping of extinction debts for global forest-dwelling reptiles, amphibians and mammals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Youhua; Peng, Shushi

2017-03-01

Evidence of extinction debts for the global distributions of forest-dwelling reptiles, mammals and amphibians was tested and the debt magnitude was estimated and mapped. By using different correlation tests and variable importance analysis, the results showed that spatial richness patterns for the three forest-dwelling terrestrial vertebrate groups had significant and stronger correlations with past forest cover area and other variables in the 1500 s, implying the evidence for extinction debts. Moreover, it was likely that the extinction debts have been partially paid, given that their global richness patterns were also significantly correlated with contemporary forest variables in the 2000 s (but the absolute magnitudes of the correlation coefficients were usually smaller than those calculated for historical forest variables). By utilizing species-area relationships, spatial extinction-debt magnitudes for the three vertebrate groups at the global scale were estimated and the hotspots of extinction debts were identified. These high-debt hotspots were generally situated in areas that did not spatially overlap with hotspots of species richness or high extinction-risk areas based on IUCN threatened status to a large extent. This spatial mismatch pattern suggested that necessary conservation efforts should be directed toward high-debt areas that are still overlooked.

Evidence and mapping of extinction debts for global forest-dwelling reptiles, amphibians and mammals.

PubMed

Chen, Youhua; Peng, Shushi

2017-03-16

Evidence of extinction debts for the global distributions of forest-dwelling reptiles, mammals and amphibians was tested and the debt magnitude was estimated and mapped. By using different correlation tests and variable importance analysis, the results showed that spatial richness patterns for the three forest-dwelling terrestrial vertebrate groups had significant and stronger correlations with past forest cover area and other variables in the 1500 s, implying the evidence for extinction debts. Moreover, it was likely that the extinction debts have been partially paid, given that their global richness patterns were also significantly correlated with contemporary forest variables in the 2000 s (but the absolute magnitudes of the correlation coefficients were usually smaller than those calculated for historical forest variables). By utilizing species-area relationships, spatial extinction-debt magnitudes for the three vertebrate groups at the global scale were estimated and the hotspots of extinction debts were identified. These high-debt hotspots were generally situated in areas that did not spatially overlap with hotspots of species richness or high extinction-risk areas based on IUCN threatened status to a large extent. This spatial mismatch pattern suggested that necessary conservation efforts should be directed toward high-debt areas that are still overlooked.

The rising level of medical student debt: potential risk for a national default.

PubMed

Ariyan, S

2000-04-01

At the turn of the 20th century, mostly as a result of the Flexner report, medical education changed dramatically by establishing a scientific basis for the study of medicine within the institutions of the major universities. There have been major and dramatic changes in medicine during the past 80 years that have improved medical education in the United States, but these changes have also placed major economic strains on students who have educational debts. If medicine is a social responsibility to the public, then the public should share the responsibility of identifying and supporting new approaches to funding and financially managing the teaching of future physicians. There is no universal solution because there are various approaches institutions may take to structure these financial responsibilities. This article describes trends in medical student educational debt, identifies the financial needs of medical students, and proposes ways of addressing those needs to avert a possible national financial crisis among medical students. We must invest in medical students because they will be the leaders we need to help care for our society and our own families in the next century.

Demographic and service-use profiles of individuals using the CarePayment program for hospital-related medical debt: results from a nationwide survey of guarantors.

PubMed

Lessard, Laura; Solomon, Julie

2016-07-15

Many Americans find themselves with problems paying medical bills, and medical debt can lead to numerous negative financial, social and access to healthcare outcomes. One potential market-based solution to these challenges is to provide financing options that have patient-friendly terms while complying with increasingly complex federal lending regulations. CarePayment (CP) is one entity that provides zero interest financing to individuals from participating medical facilities. An independent, initial outcome study was undertaken to understand the demographic and medical debt-related outcomes of CP users. This information is integral to understanding whether and how this program can ameliorate the negative consequences of medical debt. A nationwide telephone survey was conducted with a random sample of 8122 guarantors who were paying off CarePayment debt as of January 1, 2015. Respondents were asked about their demographic characteristics as well as self-report of negative outcomes typically associated with medical debt. Analyses included descriptive statistics along with logistic regression models comparing first-time CP users and those with higher amounts of CP debt to others. The most commonly reported financial challenge related to medical bills was problems paying or being unable to pay medical bills (59.5 %). The most commonly reported access-to-care challenges were skipping a medical test or treatment recommended by a doctor (32.9 %) and having a medical problem but not going to the doctor/clinic (30.3 %). Comparisons between first-time and repeat CP users suggest that first-time users were significantly more likely to report several negative outcomes and those with both CP and non-CP debt were significantly more likely to report nearly all of the undesirable financial and access outcomes that were assessed compared to those with only CP debt. The results suggest that CP use, especially repeat CP use, may be associated with a reduction in many negative outcomes of medical debt. In addition, while we found that individuals with only CP debt fared better than those with both CP debt and other medical debt, 60 % of our sample had more than one source of medical debt. This suggests that the beneficial impact of CP could be increased by expanding access to the program.

Student Debt Crisis: Are Students Incurring Excessive Debt? Program Report 85-13.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hansen, W. Lee; Rhodes, Marilyn S.

Definitions of manageable college student debts are discussed and one definition is applied to California data, using the Student Expenses and Resources Survey. Definitions proposed by Daniere, Hartman, and Horch define manageable debt levels in terms of future income. A comparison of the three proposals shows the number of years of repayment…

12 CFR 16.6 - Sales of nonconvertible debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Sales of nonconvertible debt. 16.6 Section 16.6... RULES § 16.6 Sales of nonconvertible debt. (a) The OCC will deem offers or sales of bank issued... grade; (5) Prior to or simultaneously with the sale of the debt, each purchaser receives an offering...

Development and External Debt: Friend or Foe? Academy for Educational Development 25th Anniversary Seminar Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hope, Nicholas C.

Arguing that the benefits from borrowing abroad exceed the costs recently imposed on countries through debt-servicing difficulties, this paper defines debt as an engine of growth, forcing the borrower to produce goods efficiently, export them, and function competitively in the international market. Debt-servicing difficulties of developing nations…

15 CFR 19.7 - When will Commerce entities compromise a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false When will Commerce entities compromise a Commerce debt? 19.7 Section 19.7 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.7 When will Commerce entities compromise...

15 CFR 19.15 - How will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to private collection agencies?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false How will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to private collection agencies? 19.15 Section 19.15 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.15 How will...

15 CFR 19.15 - How will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to private collection agencies?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false How will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to private collection agencies? 19.15 Section 19.15 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.15 How will...

15 CFR 19.15 - How will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to private collection agencies?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false How will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to private collection agencies? 19.15 Section 19.15 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.15 How will...

15 CFR 19.7 - When will Commerce entities compromise a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false When will Commerce entities compromise a Commerce debt? 19.7 Section 19.7 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.7 When will Commerce entities compromise...

15 CFR 19.15 - How will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to private collection agencies?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false How will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to private collection agencies? 19.15 Section 19.15 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.15 How will...

15 CFR 19.7 - When will Commerce entities compromise a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false When will Commerce entities compromise a Commerce debt? 19.7 Section 19.7 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.7 When will Commerce entities compromise...

15 CFR 19.15 - How will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to private collection agencies?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false How will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to private collection agencies? 19.15 Section 19.15 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.15 How will...

15 CFR 19.7 - When will Commerce entities compromise a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false When will Commerce entities compromise a Commerce debt? 19.7 Section 19.7 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.7 When will Commerce entities compromise...

15 CFR 19.7 - When will Commerce entities compromise a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false When will Commerce entities compromise a Commerce debt? 19.7 Section 19.7 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.7 When will Commerce entities compromise...

26 CFR 1.593-5 - Addition to reserves for bad debts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 7 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Addition to reserves for bad debts. 1.593-5... bad debts. (a) Amount of addition. As an alternative to a deduction from gross income under section... a deduction under section 166(c) for a reasonable addition to a reserve for bad debts. In the case...

7 CFR 792.15 - Prior provision of rights with respect to debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Prior provision of rights with respect to debt. 792.15..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PROVISIONS COMMON TO MORE THAN ONE PROGRAM DEBT SETTLEMENT POLICIES AND PROCEDURES § 792.15 Prior provision of rights with respect to debt. FSA will not provide an administrative appeal...

12 CFR 16.6 - Sales of nonconvertible debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Sales of nonconvertible debt. 16.6 Section 16.6... RULES § 16.6 Sales of nonconvertible debt. (a) The OCC will deem offers or sales of bank issued...) Prior to or simultaneously with the sale of the debt, each purchaser receives an offering document that...

12 CFR 16.6 - Sales of nonconvertible debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Sales of nonconvertible debt. 16.6 Section 16.6... RULES § 16.6 Sales of nonconvertible debt. (a) The OCC will deem offers or sales of bank issued... grade; (5) Prior to or simultaneously with the sale of the debt, each purchaser receives an offering...

Debt-Repaying Mechanism in Chinese Relationships: An Exploration of the Folk Concepts of "Pao" and Human Emotional Debt.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chang, Hui-Ching; Holt, G. Richard

1994-01-01

Explores the mechanisms of "pao" and human emotional debt underlying Chinese human relationships through interviews with 55 Chinese in Taiwan. The definition, recompensation, minimization, and manipulation of human emotional debt and the linguistic code by which relations can be made closer or more distant following the principles of…

45 CFR 2506.41 - What are the Corporation's procedures for collecting debts by tax refund offset?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... collecting debts by tax refund offset? 2506.41 Section 2506.41 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY SERVICE COLLECTION OF DEBTS Tax Refund Offset § 2506.41 What are the Corporation's procedures for collecting debts by tax refund offset? (a) The...

10 CFR 1015.405 - Discharge of indebtedness; reporting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

.... (b) 31 U.S.C. 3711(i) requires DOE to sell a delinquent non-tax debt upon termination of collection... indebtedness; reporting requirements. (a) Before discharging a delinquent debt (also referred to as a close out of the debt), DOE shall take all appropriate steps to collect the debt in accordance with 31 U.S.C...

17 CFR 204.76 - Use of credit bureau or consumer reporting agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... interest that will accrue on the debt, that all costs incurred to collect the debt will be charged to the... EXCHANGE COMMISSION RULES RELATING TO DEBT COLLECTION Miscellaneous: Credit Bureau Reporting, Collection... delinquent debts to consumer reporting agencies (See 31 U.S.C. 3701(a)(3), 3711). Sixty days prior to release...

5 CFR 845.403 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM-DEBT COLLECTION Agency Requests to OPM for Recovery of a Debt From the Civil... Act of 1966 as amended by the Debt Collection Act of 1982 and implemented by 4 CFR 101.1 et seq., the... Fund to satisfy a debt to the United States under 31 U.S.C. 3716. Agency means— (a) An Executive agency...

7 CFR 1403.9 - Late payment interest and administrative charges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... apply: (i) To debts owed by Federal agencies and State and local governments. Interest on debts owed by... the rate of interest charged by the U.S. Treasury for funds borrowed by CCC on the day the debt became... shall be expressed as an annual rate of interest which CCC charges on delinquent debts. The late payment...

Should the Public Pay for Higher Education? Equality, Liberty, and Educational Debt

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Christopher

2017-01-01

As governments shift costs from the public to students, a higher education has become synonymous with educational debt. Liberal egalitarians have justified educational debt on the grounds that it facilitates socioeconomic equality. On this view, the public should only fund access for those students who are so poorly off that educational debt would…

7 CFR 1951.136 - Procedures for Department of Treasury offset and cross-servicing for the Rural Housing Service...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...-Servicing (Cross-Servicing) Program, which centralizes all Government debt collection actions. A borrower... debts which are over 180 days delinquent to the Secretary of the Treasury for collection by centralized... the debt is reported to Treasury. The notice will include: (1) The nature and amount of the debt, the...

Playing the Numbers: The Best Bad Option

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doyle, William R.

2012-01-01

College graduates and current students are swimming in a sea of debt. As of this writing, the total amount of outstanding student loan debt has been estimated at $960 billion. The Occupy Student Debt movement, inspired by Occupy Wall Street, has suggested that all student loan debt should be forgiven. As a starting point, members of the movement…

78 FR 54568 - Debt That Is a Position in Personal Property That Is Part of a Straddle

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-05

... regarding when an issuer's obligation under a debt instrument may be a position in actively traded personal... actively traded.'' A debt or obligation generally is not property of the debtor or obligor. Nevertheless... is denominated in a nonfunctional currency, the obligor's position under the debt obligation is a...

Relationships between College Students' Credit Card Debt, Undesirable Academic Behaviors and Cognitions, and Academic Performance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hogan, Eileen A.; Bryant, Sarah K.; Overymyer-Day, Leslie E.

2013-01-01

The acquisition of credit card debt by college students has long been a topic of concern. This study explores relationships among debt, undesirable academic behaviors and cognitions, and academic performance, through surveys of 338 students in a public university, replicating two past measures of credit card debt and creating new measures of…

Transparency in State Debt Disclosure. Working Papers. No. 17-10

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhao, Bo; Wang, Wen

2017-01-01

We develop a new measure of relative debt transparency by comparing the amount of state debt reported in the annual Census survey and the amount reported in the statistical section of the state Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR). GASB 44 requires states to start reporting their total debt in the CAFR statistical section in FY 2006.…

29 CFR 4903.31 - Eligibility of debt for tax refund offset.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 4903.31 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) PENSION BENEFIT GUARANTY CORPORATION INTERNAL...) If the debt is a consumer debt and exceeds $100, the PBGC has disclosed the debt to a consumer reporting agency (as authorized by 31 U.S.C. 3711(f) and provided in § 4903.32), unless a consumer reporting...

13 CFR 120.975 - CDC Liquidation of loans and debt collection litigation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false CDC Liquidation of loans and debt... BUSINESS LOANS Development Company Loan Program (504) Authority of Cdcs to Perform Liquidation and Debt Collection Litigation § 120.975 CDC Liquidation of loans and debt collection litigation. (a) PCLP CDCs. If a...

13 CFR 120.975 - CDC Liquidation of loans and debt collection litigation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false CDC Liquidation of loans and debt... BUSINESS LOANS Development Company Loan Program (504) Authority of Cdcs to Perform Liquidation and Debt Collection Litigation § 120.975 CDC Liquidation of loans and debt collection litigation. (a) PCLP CDCs. If a...

13 CFR 120.975 - CDC Liquidation of loans and debt collection litigation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false CDC Liquidation of loans and debt... BUSINESS LOANS Development Company Loan Program (504) Authority of Cdcs to Perform Liquidation and Debt Collection Litigation § 120.975 CDC Liquidation of loans and debt collection litigation. (a) PCLP CDCs. If a...

13 CFR 120.975 - CDC Liquidation of loans and debt collection litigation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false CDC Liquidation of loans and debt... BUSINESS LOANS Development Company Loan Program (504) Authority of Cdcs to Perform Liquidation and Debt Collection Litigation § 120.975 CDC Liquidation of loans and debt collection litigation. (a) PCLP CDCs. If a...

13 CFR 120.975 - CDC Liquidation of loans and debt collection litigation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false CDC Liquidation of loans and debt... BUSINESS LOANS Development Company Loan Program (504) Authority of Cdcs to Perform Liquidation and Debt Collection Litigation § 120.975 CDC Liquidation of loans and debt collection litigation. (a) PCLP CDCs. If a...

12 CFR 160.40 - Commercial paper and corporate debt securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Commercial paper and corporate debt securities... LENDING AND INVESTMENT § 160.40 Commercial paper and corporate debt securities. Pursuant to HOLA section 5... paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section. (2) Corporate debt securities must be: (i) Securities that may be sold...

A Handbook on Debt Management for Colleges and Universities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Forrester, Robert T.

Between 1983 and 1986, colleges and universities issued about $20 billion of debt for facilities and student financing, and it is predicted that billions of dollars of new debt will be needed for building renovation. Debt capacity, management, and accounting are now major issues, and the purpose of this book is to provide a handy reference manual…

34 CFR 30.35 - What procedures does the Secretary follow to report debts to consumer reporting agencies?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Debts to Consumer Reporting Agencies § 30.35 What procedures does the Secretary follow to report debts to consumer reporting agencies? (a)(1) The Secretary reports information regarding debts arising... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What procedures does the Secretary follow to report...

20 CFR 422.425 - How will we conduct our review of the debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false How will we conduct our review of the debt? 422.425 Section 422.425 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES Collection of Debts by Administrative Wage Garnishment § 422.425 How will we conduct our review of the debt...

A Lifetime of Student Debt? Not Likely

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, Robin

2009-01-01

In this article, the author examines the issue of student debt. Despite tales of gargantuan student debt burdens for some college graduates, studies show that most students borrow sensibly, pay it back, and are better off for having gone to college. But for a vocal minority of borrowers, problems with student-loan debt are very real. About 8…

Student Debt and the Class of 2011

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reed, Matthew; Cochrane, Debbie

2012-01-01

Student Debt and the Class of 2011 is the seventh annual report on the cumulative student loan debt of recent graduates from four-year public and private nonprofit colleges. The authors' analysis found that the debt levels of students who graduate with loans continued to rise, with considerable variation among states as well as among colleges. The…

15 CFR 19.14 - How will Commerce entities report Commerce debts to credit bureaus?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false How will Commerce entities report Commerce debts to credit bureaus? 19.14 Section 19.14 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.14 How will Commerce entities...

15 CFR 19.14 - How will Commerce entities report Commerce debts to credit bureaus?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false How will Commerce entities report Commerce debts to credit bureaus? 19.14 Section 19.14 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.14 How will Commerce entities...

15 CFR 19.14 - How will Commerce entities report Commerce debts to credit bureaus?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false How will Commerce entities report Commerce debts to credit bureaus? 19.14 Section 19.14 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.14 How will Commerce entities...

15 CFR 19.14 - How will Commerce entities report Commerce debts to credit bureaus?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false How will Commerce entities report Commerce debts to credit bureaus? 19.14 Section 19.14 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.14 How will Commerce entities...

15 CFR 19.14 - How will Commerce entities report Commerce debts to credit bureaus?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false How will Commerce entities report Commerce debts to credit bureaus? 19.14 Section 19.14 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.14 How will Commerce entities...

36 CFR 1011.15 - How will the Presidio Trust refer debts to private collection contractors?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false How will the Presidio Trust... Property PRESIDIO TRUST DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Presidio Trust Debts § 1011.15 How will the Presidio Trust refer debts to private collection contractors? The Presidio Trust will transfer delinquent...

Predicting β-turns and their types using predicted backbone dihedral angles and secondary structures

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

Background β-turns are secondary structure elements usually classified as coil. Their prediction is important, because of their role in protein folding and their frequent occurrence in protein chains. Results We have developed a novel method that predicts β-turns and their types using information from multiple sequence alignments, predicted secondary structures and, for the first time, predicted dihedral angles. Our method uses support vector machines, a supervised classification technique, and is trained and tested on three established datasets of 426, 547 and 823 protein chains. We achieve a Matthews correlation coefficient of up to 0.49, when predicting the location of β-turns, the highest reported value to date. Moreover, the additional dihedral information improves the prediction of β-turn types I, II, IV, VIII and "non-specific", achieving correlation coefficients up to 0.39, 0.33, 0.27, 0.14 and 0.38, respectively. Our results are more accurate than other methods. Conclusions We have created an accurate predictor of β-turns and their types. Our method, called DEBT, is available online at http://comp.chem.nottingham.ac.uk/debt/. PMID:20673368

Predicting beta-turns and their types using predicted backbone dihedral angles and secondary structures.

PubMed

Kountouris, Petros; Hirst, Jonathan D

2010-07-31

Beta-turns are secondary structure elements usually classified as coil. Their prediction is important, because of their role in protein folding and their frequent occurrence in protein chains. We have developed a novel method that predicts beta-turns and their types using information from multiple sequence alignments, predicted secondary structures and, for the first time, predicted dihedral angles. Our method uses support vector machines, a supervised classification technique, and is trained and tested on three established datasets of 426, 547 and 823 protein chains. We achieve a Matthews correlation coefficient of up to 0.49, when predicting the location of beta-turns, the highest reported value to date. Moreover, the additional dihedral information improves the prediction of beta-turn types I, II, IV, VIII and "non-specific", achieving correlation coefficients up to 0.39, 0.33, 0.27, 0.14 and 0.38, respectively. Our results are more accurate than other methods. We have created an accurate predictor of beta-turns and their types. Our method, called DEBT, is available online at http://comp.chem.nottingham.ac.uk/debt/.

Economic and other determinants of infant and child mortality in small developing countries: the case of Central America and the Caribbean.

PubMed

Hojman, D E

1996-03-01

This analysis involves empirically testing a theoretical model among 22 Central American and Caribbean countries during the 1990s that explains differences in infant and child mortality. Explanatory measures capture demographic, economic, health care, and educational characteristics. The model is expected to allow for an assessment of the potential impact of structural adjustment and external debt. It is pointed out that birth rates and child mortality rates followed similar patterns over time and between countries. In this study's regression analyses all variables in the three models that explain infant mortality are exogenous: low birth weight, immunization, gross domestic product per capita, years of schooling for women, population/nurse, and debt as a proportion of gross national product. As nations became richer, infant mortality declined. Infant mortality was lower in countries with high external debt. In models for explaining the birth rate and the child mortality rate, the best fit included variables for debt, real public expenditure on health care, water supply, and malnutrition. Analysis in a simultaneous model for 10 countries revealed that the birth rate and the child mortality rate were more responsive to shocks in exogenous variables in Barbados than in the Dominican Republic, and more responsive in the Dominican Republic than in Guatemala. The impact of each exogenous variable varied by country. In Barbados education was four times more effective in explaining the birth rate than water. In Guatemala, the most effective exogenous variable was malnutrition. Child mortality rates were affected more by multiplier effects. In richer countries, the most important impact on child survival was improved access to safe water, and the most important impact on the birth rate was increased real public expenditure on education per capita. For the poorest countries, findings suggest first improvement in malnutrition and then improvement in safe water supplies. Structural adjustment variables were found to have small impacts on the birth rate or limited impacts on child survival in poorer countries.

7 CFR 3430.61 - Debt collection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...-GENERAL AWARD ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS Post-Award and Closeout § 3430.61 Debt collection. The collection... funds, unobligated balances, or other circumstances, are subject to the Department's debt collection...

Can medical students afford to choose primary care? An economic analysis of physician education debt repayment.

PubMed

Youngclaus, James A; Koehler, Paul A; Kotlikoff, Laurence J; Wiecha, John M

2013-01-01

Some discussions of physician specialty choice imply that indebted medical students avoid choosing primary care because education debt repayment seems economically unfeasible. The authors analyzed whether a physician earning a typical primary care salary can repay the current median level of education debt and meet standard household expenses without incurring additional debt. In 2010-2011, the authors used comprehensive financial planning software to model the annual finances for a fictional physician's household to compare the impact of various debt levels, repayment plans, and living expenses across three specialties. To accurately develop this spending model, they used published data from federal and local agencies, real estate sources, and national organizations. Despite growing debt levels, the authors found that physicians in all specialties can repay the current level of education debt without incurring more debt. However, some scenarios, typically those with higher borrowing levels, required trade-offs and compromises. For example, extended repayment plans require large increases in the total amount of interest repaid and the number of repayment years required, and the use of a federal loan forgiveness/repayment program requires a service obligation such as working at a nonprofit or practicing in a medically underserved area. A primary care career remains financially viable for medical school graduates with median levels of education debt. Graduates pursuing primary care with higher debt levels need to consider additional strategies to support repayment such as extended repayment terms, use of a federal loan forgiveness/repayment program, or not living in the highest-cost areas.

Retrovirus maturation-an extraordinary structural transformation.

PubMed

Mattei, Simone; Schur, Florian Km; Briggs, John Ag

2016-06-01

Retroviruses such as HIV-1 assemble and bud from infected cells in an immature, non-infectious form. Subsequently, a series of proteolytic cleavages catalysed by the viral protease leads to a spectacular structural rearrangement of the viral particle into a mature form that is competent to fuse with and infect a new cell. Maturation involves changes in the structures of protein domains, in the interactions between protein domains, and in the architecture of the viral components that are assembled by the proteins. Tight control of proteolytic cleavages at different sites is required for successful maturation, and the process is a major target of antiretroviral drugs. Here we will describe what is known about the structures of immature and mature retrovirus particles, and about the maturation process by which one transitions into the other. Despite a wealth of available data, fundamental questions about retroviral maturation remain unanswered. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Debt Profiles of Model Students: The Projected Debt of Highly Productive Students and Its Economic Impact

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fincher, Mark E.

2017-01-01

A common misperception suggests that a high-achieving student can easily complete a degree with very limited debt, and that students with high levels of debt are thus underachievers. This assumption is supported by memories of previous decades when it was realistically possible for most students to work their way through college. This view,…

15 CFR 19.16 - When will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to the Department of Justice?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false When will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to the Department of Justice? 19.16 Section 19.16 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.16 When will...

15 CFR 19.11 - How will Commerce entities use tax refund offset to collect a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false How will Commerce entities use tax refund offset to collect a Commerce debt? 19.11 Section 19.11 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.11 How will...

15 CFR 19.11 - How will Commerce entities use tax refund offset to collect a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false How will Commerce entities use tax refund offset to collect a Commerce debt? 19.11 Section 19.11 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.11 How will...

15 CFR 19.11 - How will Commerce entities use tax refund offset to collect a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false How will Commerce entities use tax refund offset to collect a Commerce debt? 19.11 Section 19.11 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.11 How will...

15 CFR 19.16 - When will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to the Department of Justice?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false When will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to the Department of Justice? 19.16 Section 19.16 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.16 When will...

15 CFR 19.11 - How will Commerce entities use tax refund offset to collect a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false How will Commerce entities use tax refund offset to collect a Commerce debt? 19.11 Section 19.11 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.11 How will...

15 CFR 19.11 - How will Commerce entities use tax refund offset to collect a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false How will Commerce entities use tax refund offset to collect a Commerce debt? 19.11 Section 19.11 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.11 How will...

15 CFR 19.16 - When will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to the Department of Justice?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false When will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to the Department of Justice? 19.16 Section 19.16 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.16 When will...

15 CFR 19.16 - When will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to the Department of Justice?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false When will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to the Department of Justice? 19.16 Section 19.16 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.16 When will...

15 CFR 19.16 - When will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to the Department of Justice?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false When will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to the Department of Justice? 19.16 Section 19.16 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.16 When will...

25 CFR 513.20 - What debts can the Commission refer to Treasury for collection by administrative and tax refund...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GENERAL PROVISIONS DEBT COLLECTION Administrative and Tax Refund Offset § 513.20 What debts can the Commission refer to Treasury for collection by administrative and tax... person to the Treasury for administrative and tax refund offset if the debt: (1) Has been delinquent for...

25 CFR 513.21 - What notice will a debtor be given of the Commission's intent to collect a debt through...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... intent to collect a debt through administrative and tax refund offset? 513.21 Section 513.21 Indians... collect a debt through administrative and tax refund offset? (a) The Commission will give the debtor... after the date of the notice, the Commission will refer the debt to Treasury for administrative and tax...

Student Loan Debt for Community College Transfer Students and How Debt Information Letters Impact Future Borrowing Decisions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mckinney, Kenneth Paul

2017-01-01

There has been a proliferation of student loan debt over the past decade. The indebtedness that students incur while attending college reduces their discretionary income once they enter repayment after graduation. For graduates, there is an opportunity cost along with personal and professional life decisions being made based on this debt. For…

15 CFR 19.4 - What notice will Commerce entities send to a debtor when collecting a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What notice will Commerce entities send to a debtor when collecting a Commerce debt? 19.4 Section 19.4 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.4...

24 CFR 17.159 - Application of offset funds: Federal payment is insufficient to cover amount of debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

...: Federal payment is insufficient to cover amount of debt. 17.159 Section 17.159 Housing and Urban... Procedures for the Collection of Claims by the Government Irs Tax Refund and Federal Payment Offset... insufficient to cover amount of debt. If an offset of a Federal payment is insufficient to satisfy a debt, the...

Financial Factors and Institutional Characteristics That Relate to the Long-Term Debt of U.S. Four-Year Public Colleges and Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keith, Dana Sims

2013-01-01

Debt for public colleges and universities has been increasing while financial resources, which provide the support to repay debt, have been declining. As debt increases in proportion to assets, the risk profile of a college or university increases. This study examined the relationships between financial variables and institutional characteristics…

36 CFR 1011.21 - How do other Federal agencies use the offset process to collect debts from payments issued by the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... use the offset process to collect debts from payments issued by the Presidio Trust? 1011.21 Section 1011.21 Parks, Forests, and Public Property PRESIDIO TRUST DEBT COLLECTION Procedures for Offset of Presidio Trust Payments To Collect Debts Owed To Other Federal Agencies § 1011.21 How do other Federal...

"I Fully Expect to Die with This Debt"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patton, Stacey

2013-01-01

Student-loan debt is not just a problem for young, recent college graduates searching for their first jobs. Growing numbers of adults nearing the ends of their careers are accumulating such big debt, too, and they don't have a lifetime to pay it back. In fact, student-loan debt is growing fastest among adults ages 60 and older, with more than two…

26 CFR 1.1272-2 - Treatment of debt instruments purchased at a premium.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Treatment of debt instruments purchased at a....1272-2 Treatment of debt instruments purchased at a premium. (a) In general. Under section 1272(c)(1), if a holder purchases a debt instrument at a premium, the holder does not include any OID in gross...

7 CFR 3.79 - Review of USDA records related to the debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Review of USDA records related to the debt. 3.79....79 Review of USDA records related to the debt. (a) Notification by employee. An employee who intends to inspect or copy USDA records related to the debt must send a letter to USDA stating his or her...

7 CFR 3.79 - Review of USDA records related to the debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Review of USDA records related to the debt. 3.79....79 Review of USDA records related to the debt. (a) Notification by employee. An employee who intends to inspect or copy USDA records related to the debt must send a letter to USDA stating his or her...

7 CFR 3.79 - Review of USDA records related to the debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Review of USDA records related to the debt. 3.79....79 Review of USDA records related to the debt. (a) Notification by employee. An employee who intends to inspect or copy USDA records related to the debt must send a letter to USDA stating his or her...

7 CFR 3.79 - Review of USDA records related to the debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Review of USDA records related to the debt. 3.79....79 Review of USDA records related to the debt. (a) Notification by employee. An employee who intends to inspect or copy USDA records related to the debt must send a letter to USDA stating his or her...

7 CFR 3.79 - Review of USDA records related to the debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Review of USDA records related to the debt. 3.79....79 Review of USDA records related to the debt. (a) Notification by employee. An employee who intends to inspect or copy USDA records related to the debt must send a letter to USDA stating his or her...

15 CFR 19.12 - How will Commerce entities offset a Federal employee's salary to collect a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false How will Commerce entities offset a Federal employee's salary to collect a Commerce debt? 19.12 Section 19.12 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.12...

15 CFR 19.12 - How will Commerce entities offset a Federal employee's salary to collect a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false How will Commerce entities offset a Federal employee's salary to collect a Commerce debt? 19.12 Section 19.12 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.12...

15 CFR 19.12 - How will Commerce entities offset a Federal employee's salary to collect a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false How will Commerce entities offset a Federal employee's salary to collect a Commerce debt? 19.12 Section 19.12 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.12...

15 CFR 19.12 - How will Commerce entities offset a Federal employee's salary to collect a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false How will Commerce entities offset a Federal employee's salary to collect a Commerce debt? 19.12 Section 19.12 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.12...

36 CFR 1011.7 - When will the Presidio Trust compromise a debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false When will the Presidio Trust... Procedures To Collect Presidio Trust Debts § 1011.7 When will the Presidio Trust compromise a debt? (a... debt owed to the Presidio Trust that is not recovered as the result of a compromise will be reported to...

36 CFR 1011.16 - When will the Presidio Trust refer debts to the Department of Justice?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false When will the Presidio Trust... PRESIDIO TRUST DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Presidio Trust Debts § 1011.16 When will the Presidio... collection activity. The Presidio Trust will refer debts having a principal balance over $100,000, or such...

78 FR 4425 - Notice of Proposed Information Collection: Comment Request; Debt Resolution Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-22

... collect debt owed to the agency. As part of the collection process, demand for repayment is made on the... offers to repay the debt result in information collections. Borrowers who wish to pay less than the full... process, demand for repayment is made on the debtor(s). In response, debtors opt to ignore the debt, pay...

Debt on graduation, expected place of practice, and career aspirations of Auckland Medical School students.

PubMed

O'Grady, G; Fitzjohn, J

2001-10-26

To determine the debt level that current Auckland medical students expect to graduate with, and evaluate this debt in the context of their career aspirations and intended place of practice. Simple check-box and fill-in-the-blank surveys were distributed to Auckland University medical students in Years 1 through to 5 during their second week of scheduled lectures in March 2000. Students were asked to provide demographic details, then complete sections on debt and career aspirations. 70% of Auckland medical students participated. Average expected debt was between $60000 to $70000. Predicted size of graduation debt was significantly related with plans to practice medicine overseas, and this trend was especially strong among females. In addition, Maori and Polynesian students bear a disproportionate level of the student debt burden compared to Pakeha and Asian groups. 77% of students indicated a preference for working in private or hospital specialty work. Student debt will have major effects on the composition of the New Zealand medical workforce over coming years. More attention must be paid to the national picture of medical student indebtedness if adequate workforce planning is to be possible.

Seeing red: Americans driven into debt by medical bills. Results from a National Survey.

PubMed

Doty, Michelle M; Edwards, Jennifer N; Holmgren, Alyssa L

2005-08-01

New analysis of the 2003 Commonwealth Fund Biennial Health Insurance Survey reveals that an estimated 77 million Americans age 19 and older--nearly two of five (37%) adults--have difficulty paying medical bills, have accrued medical debt, or both. Working-age adults incur significantly higher rates of medical bill and debt problems than adults 65 and older, with rates highest among the uninsured. Even working-age adults who are continually insured have problems paying their medical bills and have medical debt. Unpaid medical bills and medical debt can limit access to health care: two-thirds of people with a medical bill or debt problem went without needed care because of cost--nearly three times the rate of those without these financial problems.

31 CFR 900.1 - Prescription of standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... the Debt Management Services, Financial Management Service, Department of the Treasury, 401 14th... regulations by Treasury. Rules governing the use of certain debt collection tools created under the Debt...

34 CFR 30.70 - How does the Secretary exercise discretion to compromise a debt or to suspend or terminate...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false How does the Secretary exercise discretion to compromise a debt or to suspend or terminate collection of a debt? 30.70 Section 30.70 Education Office of... Debt or the Suspension or Termination of Collection Action? § 30.70 How does the Secretary exercise...

15 CFR 19.19 - Will Commerce entities issue a refund if money is erroneously collected on a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Will Commerce entities issue a refund if money is erroneously collected on a Commerce debt? 19.19 Section 19.19 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.19...

15 CFR 19.19 - Will Commerce entities issue a refund if money is erroneously collected on a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Will Commerce entities issue a refund if money is erroneously collected on a Commerce debt? 19.19 Section 19.19 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.19...

15 CFR 19.19 - Will Commerce entities issue a refund if money is erroneously collected on a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Will Commerce entities issue a refund if money is erroneously collected on a Commerce debt? 19.19 Section 19.19 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.19...

15 CFR 19.19 - Will Commerce entities issue a refund if money is erroneously collected on a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Will Commerce entities issue a refund if money is erroneously collected on a Commerce debt? 19.19 Section 19.19 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.19...

15 CFR 19.19 - Will Commerce entities issue a refund if money is erroneously collected on a Commerce debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Will Commerce entities issue a refund if money is erroneously collected on a Commerce debt? 19.19 Section 19.19 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.19...

34 CFR 30.70 - How does the Secretary exercise discretion to compromise a debt or to suspend or terminate...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false How does the Secretary exercise discretion to compromise a debt or to suspend or terminate collection of a debt? 30.70 Section 30.70 Education Office of... Debt or the Suspension or Termination of Collection Action? § 30.70 How does the Secretary exercise...

7 CFR 792.19 - Referral of delinquent debts to IRS for tax refund offset.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Referral of delinquent debts to IRS for tax refund... POLICIES AND PROCEDURES § 792.19 Referral of delinquent debts to IRS for tax refund offset. FSA may refer legally enforceable delinquent debts to IRS to be offset against tax refunds due to debtors under 26 U.S.C...

36 CFR 1201.40 - Which debts can NARA refer to the Treasury for collection by offsetting tax refunds?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Refund Offset § 1201.40 Which debts can NARA refer to the Treasury for collection by offsetting tax... reduce a tax refund by the amount of a past-due, legally enforceable debt owed to a Federal agency. (b) For purposes of this section, a past-due, legally enforceable debt referrable to the Treasury for tax...

45 CFR 2506.40 - Which debts can the Corporation refer to Treasury for collection by offsetting tax refunds?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... to Public Welfare (Continued) CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY SERVICE COLLECTION OF DEBTS Tax... Treasury to reduce a tax refund by the amount of a past-due, legally enforceable debt owed to a Federal... for tax refund offset is a debt that is owed to the Corporation and: (1) Is at least $25.00; (2...

7 CFR 1403.18 - Referral of delinquent debts to IRS or tax refund offset.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Referral of delinquent debts to IRS or tax refund... POLICIES AND PROCEDURES § 1403.18 Referral of delinquent debts to IRS or tax refund offset. CCC may refer legally enforceable delinquent debts to IRS to be offset against tax refunds due to debtors under 26 U.S.C...

Debt to Degree: A New Way of Measuring College Success. Charts You Can Trust

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carey, Kevin; Dillon, Erin

2011-01-01

The American higher education system is plagued by two chronic problems: dropouts and debt. Barely half of the students who start college get a degree within six years, and graduation rates at less-selective colleges often hover at 25 percent or less. At the same time, student loan debt is at an all-time high, recently passing credit card debt in…

Maxed out: The Relationship between Credit Card Debt, Credit Card Distress and Grade Point Averages for College Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Temple Day

2011-01-01

Few students leave college with a plan for paying off their debt. Starting a career inundated with student loans and credit card debt burdens is a reality many college students face today. In the wake of graduation coming to terms with the consequences of credit card debt is stressful for many students. This dissertation observes the relationship…

Financially At-Risk College Students: An Exploratory Investigation of Student Loan Debt and Prioritization of Debt Repayment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pinto, Mary Beth; Mansfield, Phylis M.

2006-01-01

College students today face heavy student loan debt that is intensified by the amount of credit card debt they carry. This study provides a profile of financially at-risk students based on their credit card usage behavior. When compared to the non-financially at-risk students, those in the financially at-risk group were found to have higher…

31 CFR 285.5 - Centralized offset of Federal payments to collect nontax debts owed to the United States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... to the United States. Debtor means a person who owes a debt to the United States. Delinquent or past... been made. Nothing in this section is intended to define whether a debt is delinquent or past-due for purposes other than offset under this section. Delinquent debt record means information about a past-due...

36 CFR 1011.11 - How will the Presidio Trust use tax refund offset to collect a debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false How will the Presidio Trust... PRESIDIO TRUST DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Presidio Trust Debts § 1011.11 How will the Presidio Trust use tax refund offset to collect a debt? (a) Tax refund offset. In most cases, the FMS uses the...

36 CFR 1011.13 - How will the Presidio Trust use administrative wage garnishment to collect a debt from a debtor's...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false How will the Presidio Trust... Parks, Forests, and Public Property PRESIDIO TRUST DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Presidio Trust Debts § 1011.13 How will the Presidio Trust use administrative wage garnishment to collect a debt from a...

36 CFR 1011.19 - Will the Presidio Trust issue a refund if money is erroneously collected on a debt?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Will the Presidio Trust issue... Public Property PRESIDIO TRUST DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Presidio Trust Debts § 1011.19 Will the Presidio Trust issue a refund if money is erroneously collected on a debt? The Presidio Trust will...

Medical student debt and major life choices other than specialty.

PubMed

Rohlfing, James; Navarro, Ryan; Maniya, Omar Z; Hughes, Byron D; Rogalsky, Derek K

2014-01-01

Background Median indebtedness at graduation is now more than $170,000 for graduates of US Medical Schools. Debate still exists as to whether higher debt levels influence students to choose high paying non-primary care specialties. Notably, no previous research on the topic has taken into account cost of attendance when constructing a debt model, nor has any research examined the non-career major life decisions that medical students face. Methods Medical students were surveyed using an anonymous electronic instrument developed for this study. The survey was delivered through a link included in a study email and students were recruited from school wide listservs and through snowball sampling (students were encouraged to share a link to the survey with other medical students). No incentives were offered for survey completion. Results Responses were recorded from 102 US Allopathic medical schools (n=3,032), with 22 institutions (11 public, 11 private) meeting inclusion criteria of 10% student body response proportion (n=1,846). Students with higher debt relative to their peers at their home institution reported higher frequencies of feeling callous towards others, were more likely to choose a specialty with a higher average annual income, were less likely to plan to practice in underserved locations, and were less likely to choose primary care specialties. Students with higher aggregate amounts of medical student loan debt were more likely to report high levels of stress from their educational debt, to delay getting married and to report disagreement that they would choose to become a physician again, if given the opportunity to revisit that choice. Increases in both aggregate and relative debt were associated with delaying having children, delaying buying a house, concerns about managing and paying back educational debt, and worrying that educational debt will influence one's specialty choice. Conclusions Medical student debt and particularly debt relative to peers at the same institution appears to influence the way that students approach major life choices like when to start a family, when to buy a home, and what specialty to choose. Future research should take into account cost of attendance when looking for the impact of medical student debt on major life choices.

Medical student debt and major life choices other than specialty.

PubMed

Rohlfing, James; Navarro, Ryan; Maniya, Omar Z; Hughes, Byron D; Rogalsky, Derek K

2014-01-01

Median indebtedness at graduation is now more than $170,000 for graduates of US Medical Schools. Debate still exists as to whether higher debt levels influence students to choose high paying non-primary care specialties. Notably, no previous research on the topic has taken into account cost of attendance when constructing a debt model, nor has any research examined the non-career major life decisions that medical students face. Medical students were surveyed using an anonymous electronic instrument developed for this study. The survey was delivered through a link included in a study email and students were recruited from school wide listservs and through snowball sampling (students were encouraged to share a link to the survey with other medical students). No incentives were offered for survey completion. Responses were recorded from 102 US Allopathic medical schools (n=3,032), with 22 institutions (11 public, 11 private) meeting inclusion criteria of 10% student body response proportion (n=1,846). Students with higher debt relative to their peers at their home institution reported higher frequencies of feeling callous towards others, were more likely to choose a specialty with a higher average annual income, were less likely to plan to practice in underserved locations, and were less likely to choose primary care specialties. Students with higher aggregate amounts of medical student loan debt were more likely to report high levels of stress from their educational debt, to delay getting married and to report disagreement that they would choose to become a physician again, if given the opportunity to revisit that choice. Increases in both aggregate and relative debt were associated with delaying having children, delaying buying a house, concerns about managing and paying back educational debt, and worrying that educational debt will influence one's specialty choice. Medical student debt and particularly debt relative to peers at the same institution appears to influence the way that students approach major life choices like when to start a family, when to buy a home, and what specialty to choose. Future research should take into account cost of attendance when looking for the impact of medical student debt on major life choices.

Medical student debt and major life choices other than specialty

PubMed Central

Rohlfing, James; Navarro, Ryan; Maniya, Omar Z.; Hughes, Byron D.; Rogalsky, Derek K.

2014-01-01

Background Median indebtedness at graduation is now more than $170,000 for graduates of US Medical Schools. Debate still exists as to whether higher debt levels influence students to choose high paying non-primary care specialties. Notably, no previous research on the topic has taken into account cost of attendance when constructing a debt model, nor has any research examined the non-career major life decisions that medical students face. Methods Medical students were surveyed using an anonymous electronic instrument developed for this study. The survey was delivered through a link included in a study email and students were recruited from school wide listservs and through snowball sampling (students were encouraged to share a link to the survey with other medical students). No incentives were offered for survey completion. Results Responses were recorded from 102 US Allopathic medical schools (n=3,032), with 22 institutions (11 public, 11 private) meeting inclusion criteria of 10% student body response proportion (n=1,846). Students with higher debt relative to their peers at their home institution reported higher frequencies of feeling callous towards others, were more likely to choose a specialty with a higher average annual income, were less likely to plan to practice in underserved locations, and were less likely to choose primary care specialties. Students with higher aggregate amounts of medical student loan debt were more likely to report high levels of stress from their educational debt, to delay getting married and to report disagreement that they would choose to become a physician again, if given the opportunity to revisit that choice. Increases in both aggregate and relative debt were associated with delaying having children, delaying buying a house, concerns about managing and paying back educational debt, and worrying that educational debt will influence one's specialty choice. Conclusions Medical student debt and particularly debt relative to peers at the same institution appears to influence the way that students approach major life choices like when to start a family, when to buy a home, and what specialty to choose. Future research should take into account cost of attendance when looking for the impact of medical student debt on major life choices. PMID:25391976

Structural Maturation of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase—A Metamorphic Solution to Genomic Instability

PubMed Central

London, Robert E.

2016-01-01

Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT)—a critical enzyme of the viral life cycle—undergoes a complex maturation process, required so that a pair of p66 precursor proteins can develop conformationally along different pathways, one evolving to form active polymerase and ribonuclease H (RH) domains, while the second forms a non-functional polymerase and a proteolyzed RH domain. These parallel maturation pathways rely on the structural ambiguity of a metamorphic polymerase domain, for which the sequence–structure relationship is not unique. Recent nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies utilizing selective labeling techniques, and structural characterization of the p66 monomer precursor have provided important insights into the details of this maturation pathway, revealing many aspects of the three major steps involved: (1) domain rearrangement; (2) dimerization; and (3) subunit-selective RH domain proteolysis. This review summarizes the major structural changes that occur during the maturation process. We also highlight how mutations, often viewed within the context of the mature RT heterodimer, can exert a major influence on maturation and dimerization. It is further suggested that several steps in the RT maturation pathway may provide attractive targets for drug development. PMID:27690082

A cross-disciplinary assessment of student loans debt, financial support for study and career preferences upon graduation.

PubMed

Webster, Craig S; Ling, Christopher; Barrow, Mark; Poole, Phillippa; Henning, Marcus

2017-07-21

To explore relationships between student loans debt, financial support and career preferences upon graduation for all healthcare disciplines offered at the Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland. The Faculty Tracking Project is a longitudinal study which invites students to complete a questionnaire at the beginning and end of their educational programmes, including questions on debt, financial support and career preference. Our analysis comprised three phases: (1) a descriptive analysis of data related to debt and financial support; (2) a principal component analysis in order to find related categories of career choice; and (3) logistic regression models to determine how career preference categories could be explained by either levels of student loans debt or financial support. Data from 2,405 participating students were included. Students in health sciences, nursing and pharmacy typically accrue levels of student loans debt of around $15,000 to $29,999, while optometry students accrue debt around $15,000 higher. Medical students show debt distributed around modes of $0 and $90,000 or more. All students typically access three sources of financial support during study. Career preferences at graduation reduced to four categories for all health disciplines. We found five significant effects, involving students in health sciences, medicine and pharmacy, relating the number of sources of financial support to the four categories of career preference. No significant effects were found related to level of student loans debt. Our results suggest that financial support is a more strongly determining factor in career choices than the level of student loans debt. The four-category framework for student career preferences appears to be a useful model for further research.

Cross-border Portfolio Investment Networks and Indicators for Financial Crises

PubMed Central

Joseph, Andreas C.; Joseph, Stephan E.; Chen, Guanrong

2014-01-01

Cross-border equity and long-term debt securities portfolio investment networks are analysed from 2002 to 2012, covering the 2008 global financial crisis. They serve as network-proxies for measuring the robustness of the global financial system and the interdependence of financial markets, respectively. Two early-warning indicators for financial crises are identified: First, the algebraic connectivity of the equity securities network, as a measure for structural robustness, drops close to zero already in 2005, while there is an over-representation of high-degree off-shore financial centres among the countries most-related to this observation, suggesting an investigation of such nodes with respect to the structural stability of the global financial system. Second, using a phenomenological model, the edge density of the debt securities network is found to describe, and even forecast, the proliferation of several over-the-counter-traded financial derivatives, most prominently credit default swaps, enabling one to detect potentially dangerous levels of market interdependence and systemic risk. PMID:24510060

Credit Default Swaps networks and systemic risk

PubMed Central

Puliga, Michelangelo; Caldarelli, Guido; Battiston, Stefano

2014-01-01

Credit Default Swaps (CDS) spreads should reflect default risk of the underlying corporate debt. Actually, it has been recognized that CDS spread time series did not anticipate but only followed the increasing risk of default before the financial crisis. In principle, the network of correlations among CDS spread time series could at least display some form of structural change to be used as an early warning of systemic risk. Here we study a set of 176 CDS time series of financial institutions from 2002 to 2011. Networks are constructed in various ways, some of which display structural change at the onset of the credit crisis of 2008, but never before. By taking these networks as a proxy of interdependencies among financial institutions, we run stress-test based on Group DebtRank. Systemic risk before 2008 increases only when incorporating a macroeconomic indicator reflecting the potential losses of financial assets associated with house prices in the US. This approach indicates a promising way to detect systemic instabilities. PMID:25366654

Credit Default Swaps networks and systemic risk.

PubMed

Puliga, Michelangelo; Caldarelli, Guido; Battiston, Stefano

2014-11-04

Credit Default Swaps (CDS) spreads should reflect default risk of the underlying corporate debt. Actually, it has been recognized that CDS spread time series did not anticipate but only followed the increasing risk of default before the financial crisis. In principle, the network of correlations among CDS spread time series could at least display some form of structural change to be used as an early warning of systemic risk. Here we study a set of 176 CDS time series of financial institutions from 2002 to 2011. Networks are constructed in various ways, some of which display structural change at the onset of the credit crisis of 2008, but never before. By taking these networks as a proxy of interdependencies among financial institutions, we run stress-test based on Group DebtRank. Systemic risk before 2008 increases only when incorporating a macroeconomic indicator reflecting the potential losses of financial assets associated with house prices in the US. This approach indicates a promising way to detect systemic instabilities.

Credit Default Swaps networks and systemic risk

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Puliga, Michelangelo; Caldarelli, Guido; Battiston, Stefano

2014-11-01

Credit Default Swaps (CDS) spreads should reflect default risk of the underlying corporate debt. Actually, it has been recognized that CDS spread time series did not anticipate but only followed the increasing risk of default before the financial crisis. In principle, the network of correlations among CDS spread time series could at least display some form of structural change to be used as an early warning of systemic risk. Here we study a set of 176 CDS time series of financial institutions from 2002 to 2011. Networks are constructed in various ways, some of which display structural change at the onset of the credit crisis of 2008, but never before. By taking these networks as a proxy of interdependencies among financial institutions, we run stress-test based on Group DebtRank. Systemic risk before 2008 increases only when incorporating a macroeconomic indicator reflecting the potential losses of financial assets associated with house prices in the US. This approach indicates a promising way to detect systemic instabilities.

Cross-border Portfolio Investment Networks and Indicators for Financial Crises

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Joseph, Andreas C.; Joseph, Stephan E.; Chen, Guanrong

2014-02-01

Cross-border equity and long-term debt securities portfolio investment networks are analysed from 2002 to 2012, covering the 2008 global financial crisis. They serve as network-proxies for measuring the robustness of the global financial system and the interdependence of financial markets, respectively. Two early-warning indicators for financial crises are identified: First, the algebraic connectivity of the equity securities network, as a measure for structural robustness, drops close to zero already in 2005, while there is an over-representation of high-degree off-shore financial centres among the countries most-related to this observation, suggesting an investigation of such nodes with respect to the structural stability of the global financial system. Second, using a phenomenological model, the edge density of the debt securities network is found to describe, and even forecast, the proliferation of several over-the-counter-traded financial derivatives, most prominently credit default swaps, enabling one to detect potentially dangerous levels of market interdependence and systemic risk.

Cross-border portfolio investment networks and indicators for financial crises.

PubMed

Joseph, Andreas C; Joseph, Stephan E; Chen, Guanrong

2014-02-10

Cross-border equity and long-term debt securities portfolio investment networks are analysed from 2002 to 2012, covering the 2008 global financial crisis. They serve as network-proxies for measuring the robustness of the global financial system and the interdependence of financial markets, respectively. Two early-warning indicators for financial crises are identified: First, the algebraic connectivity of the equity securities network, as a measure for structural robustness, drops close to zero already in 2005, while there is an over-representation of high-degree off-shore financial centres among the countries most-related to this observation, suggesting an investigation of such nodes with respect to the structural stability of the global financial system. Second, using a phenomenological model, the edge density of the debt securities network is found to describe, and even forecast, the proliferation of several over-the-counter-traded financial derivatives, most prominently credit default swaps, enabling one to detect potentially dangerous levels of market interdependence and systemic risk.

Testing for a Debt-Threshold Effect on Output Growth.

PubMed

Lee, Sokbae; Park, Hyunmin; Seo, Myung Hwan; Shin, Youngki

2017-12-01

Using the Reinhart-Rogoff dataset, we find a debt threshold not around 90 per cent but around 30 per cent, above which the median real gross domestic product (GDP) growth falls abruptly. Our work is the first to formally test for threshold effects in the relationship between public debt and median real GDP growth. The null hypothesis of no threshold effect is rejected at the 5 per cent significance level for most cases. While we find no evidence of a threshold around 90 per cent, our findings from the post-war sample suggest that the debt threshold for economic growth may exist around a relatively small debt-to-GDP ratio of 30 per cent. Furthermore, countries with debt-to-GDP ratios above 30 per cent have GDP growth that is 1 percentage point lower at the median.

Student debt amongst junior doctors in New Zealand; part 1: quantity, distribution, and psychosocial impact.

PubMed

Moore, James; Gale, Jesse; Dew, Kevin; Davie, Gabrielle

2006-02-17

To quantify student debt owed by first-year house officers at graduation, and to describe the effects of student debt on their lives. A questionnaire was sent was to all 296 New Zealand-graduate first-year house officers practicing in New Zealand. The survey included questions on demographics, level of debt, student support received, repayment since graduation, psychosocial and financial impact of debt, and career intentions. The response rate was 53%. Ninety-two percent of respondents had some form of student debt, with 85% having a government student loan. The average total debt from all sources (excluding mortgages) at graduation was NZ65,206 dollars. Seventy-five percent of respondents owed more than 50,000 dollars and 13% had owed more than 100,000 dollars. Eighty-eight percent of respondents reported increased levels of stress as a result of their student loan, with 31% reporting that they worried about their student loan 'often' or 'always'. Eighty-three percent reported that their student loan had made it more difficult to save for their future, such as for a house deposit or for their retirement, and 42% stated that their student loan debt had influenced their decision whether to have children (or more children). Student debt has a major negative impact on the lives of house officers in New Zealand. These data provide a baseline for studying how changes in medical education affect junior doctors.

A retrospective analysis of the relationship between medical student debt and primary care practice in the United States.

PubMed

Phillips, Julie P; Petterson, Stephen M; Bazemore, Andrew W; Phillips, Robert L

2014-01-01

We undertook a study to reexamine the relationship between educational debt and primary care practice, accounting for the potentially confounding effect of medical student socioeconomic status. We performed retrospective multivariate analyses of data from 136,232 physicians who graduated from allopathic US medical schools between 1988 and 2000, obtained from the American Association of Medical Colleges Graduate Questionnaire, the American Medical Association Physician Masterfile, and other sources. Need-based loans were used as markers for socioeconomic status of physicians' families of origin. We examined 2 outcomes: primary care practice and family medicine practice in 2010. Physicians who graduated from public schools were most likely to practice primary care and family medicine at graduating educational debt levels of $50,000 to $100,000 (2010 dollars; P <.01). This relationship between debt and primary care practice persisted when physicians from different socioeconomic status groups, as approximated by loan type, were examined separately. At higher debt, graduates' odds of practicing primary care or family medicine declined. In contrast, private school graduates were not less likely to practice primary care or family medicine as debt levels increased. High educational debt deters graduates of public medical schools from choosing primary care, but does not appear to influence private school graduates in the same way. Students from relatively lower income families are more strongly influenced by debt. Reducing debt of selected medical students may be effective in promoting a larger primary care physician workforce. © 2014 Annals of Family Medicine, Inc.

A Retrospective Analysis of the Relationship Between Medical Student Debt and Primary Care Practice in the United States

PubMed Central

Phillips, Julie P.; Petterson, Stephen M.; Bazemore, Andrew W.; Phillips, Robert L.

2014-01-01

PURPOSE We undertook a study to reexamine the relationship between educational debt and primary care practice, accounting for the potentially confounding effect of medical student socioeconomic status. METHODS We performed retrospective multivariate analyses of data from 136,232 physicians who graduated from allopathic US medical schools between 1988 and 2000, obtained from the American Association of Medical Colleges Graduate Questionnaire, the American Medical Association Physician Masterfile, and other sources. Need-based loans were used as markers for socioeconomic status of physicians’ families of origin. We examined 2 outcomes: primary care practice and family medicine practice in 2010. RESULTS Physicians who graduated from public schools were most likely to practice primary care and family medicine at graduating educational debt levels of $50,000 to $100,000 (2010 dollars; P <.01). This relationship between debt and primary care practice persisted when physicians from different socioeconomic status groups, as approximated by loan type, were examined separately. At higher debt, graduates’ odds of practicing primary care or family medicine declined. In contrast, private school graduates were not less likely to practice primary care or family medicine as debt levels increased. CONCLUSIONS High educational debt deters graduates of public medical schools from choosing primary care, but does not appear to influence private school graduates in the same way. Students from relatively lower income families are more strongly influenced by debt. Reducing debt of selected medical students may be effective in promoting a larger primary care physician workforce. PMID:25384816

Predicting extinction debt from community patterns.

PubMed

Kitzes, Justin; Harte, John

2015-08-01

A significant challenge in both measuring and predicting species extinction rates at global and local scales is the possibility of extinction debt, time-delayed extinctions that occur gradually following an initial impact. Here we examine how relative abundance distributions and spatial aggregation combine to influence the likely magnitude of future extinction debt following habitat loss or climate-driven range contraction. Our analysis is based on several fundamental premises regarding abundance distributions, most importantly that species abundances immediately following habitat loss are a sample from an initial relative abundance distribution and that the long-term, steady-state form of the species abundance distribution is a property of the biology of a community and not of area. Under these two hypotheses, the results show that communities following canonical lognormal and broken-stick abundance distributions are prone to exhibit extinction debt, especially when species exhibit low spatial aggregation. Conversely, communities following a logseries distribution with a constant Fisher's α parameter never demonstrate extinction debt and often show an "immigration credit," in which species richness rises in the long term following an initial decrease. An illustration of these findings in 25 biodiversity hotspots suggests a negligible immediate extinction rate for bird communities and eventual extinction debts of 30-50% of initial species richness, whereas plant communities are predicted to immediately lose 5-15% of species without subsequent extinction debt. These results shed light on the basic determinants of extinction debt and provide initial indications of the magnitude of likely debts in landscapes where few empirical data are available.

Teaching the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act to Legal and Ethical Environment of Business Undergraduate Students through a Role-Play Experiential Learning Exercise

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Konrad S.; Thue, Matthew I.

2017-01-01

This article begins with a description of a role-play exercise for teaching the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA) to an introductory Legal and Ethical Environment of Business Law (Business Law) undergraduate class. It goes on to provide the context for consumer debt in the United States. Next, the problems of debt collection are…

17 CFR 240.3a12-11 - Exemption from sections 8(a), 14(a), 14(b), and 14(c) for debt securities listed on a national...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

...), 14(a), 14(b), and 14(c) for debt securities listed on a national securities exchange. 240.3a12-11... 14(c) for debt securities listed on a national securities exchange. (a) Debt securities that are listed for trading on a national securities exchange shall be exempt from the restrictions on borrowing...

Out of the Nest and into the Red: Three Essays on Debt in Young Adulthood

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Houle, Jason N.

2011-01-01

The Great Recession of 2008 and rising costs of college have stoked popular and scholarly concern about young adult debt. Debt plays an important role in the lives of young people as they make the transition to adulthood, but little research has been conducted on the topic. This dissertation sheds light on the role of debt in the lives of young…

Can Profit Policy and Contract Incentives Improve Defense Contract Outcomes?

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-02-01

required by investors. The weighted average cost of capital ( WACC ) is the standard financial statistic that weights the returns demanded by investors that...hold equity and investors that hold debt.6 Like FCFROIC, WACC is expressed as a percentage. Consequently, it is possible to compare these two...contractors include Lockheed, Raytheon, Northrop Grumman, and General Dynamics. 6 Mathematically, WACC = Debt/(Debt + Equity) × Debt Cost × (1-Tax Rate

Cascades in multiplex financial networks with debts of different seniority

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brummitt, Charles D.; Kobayashi, Teruyoshi

2015-06-01

The seniority of debt, which determines the order in which a bankrupt institution repays its debts, is an important and sometimes contentious feature of financial crises, yet its impact on systemwide stability is not well understood. We capture seniority of debt in a multiplex network, a graph of nodes connected by multiple types of edges. Here an edge between banks denotes a debt contract of a certain level of seniority. Next we study cascading default. There exist multiple kinds of bankruptcy, indexed by the highest level of seniority at which a bank cannot repay all its debts. Self-interested banks would prefer that all their loans be made at the most senior level. However, mixing debts of different seniority levels makes the system more stable in that it shrinks the set of network densities for which bankruptcies spread widely. We compute the optimal ratio of senior to junior debts, which we call the optimal seniority ratio, for two uncorrelated Erdős-Rényi networks. If institutions erode their buffer against insolvency, then this optimal seniority ratio rises; in other words, if default thresholds fall, then more loans should be senior. We generalize the analytical results to arbitrarily many levels of seniority and to heavy-tailed degree distributions.

Cascades in multiplex financial networks with debts of different seniority.

PubMed

Brummitt, Charles D; Kobayashi, Teruyoshi

2015-06-01

The seniority of debt, which determines the order in which a bankrupt institution repays its debts, is an important and sometimes contentious feature of financial crises, yet its impact on systemwide stability is not well understood. We capture seniority of debt in a multiplex network, a graph of nodes connected by multiple types of edges. Here an edge between banks denotes a debt contract of a certain level of seniority. Next we study cascading default. There exist multiple kinds of bankruptcy, indexed by the highest level of seniority at which a bank cannot repay all its debts. Self-interested banks would prefer that all their loans be made at the most senior level. However, mixing debts of different seniority levels makes the system more stable in that it shrinks the set of network densities for which bankruptcies spread widely. We compute the optimal ratio of senior to junior debts, which we call the optimal seniority ratio, for two uncorrelated Erdős-Rényi networks. If institutions erode their buffer against insolvency, then this optimal seniority ratio rises; in other words, if default thresholds fall, then more loans should be senior. We generalize the analytical results to arbitrarily many levels of seniority and to heavy-tailed degree distributions.

TVA`s debt limit

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pulsipher, A.G.

1995-03-01

This article is review of the debt (and debt limit) of the Tennessee Valley Authority. The history of TVA financing practices is discussed as is public policy associated with the Congressionally imposed debt ceiling of $30B. Reasons for TVA`s massive debt, which is approaching the ceiling, are also reviewed, with the emphasis on the $15B investment in cold or incomplete nuclear plants. TVA has recently announced that it would not finish three of these nuclear units without a venture-capital partner, and it has also announced that it would set an internal cap on total debt at some $2B to $3Bmore » below the legal limit. This self-imposed limit has influenced TVA`s own future plans for additional generating capacity as outlined in their Energy Vision 2020 Report. In that report, TVA has made an effort to supply the energy needs of the region over the next 25 years without the massive capital expenditures associated construction of large base-loaded power stations. The present article concludes that the imposed debt ceiling has failed to provide effective external control and accountability, and as a result, an amendment to the TVA act is proposed to provide an enlarged TVA Board that is clearly separated from managerial decisions. The present article also concludes that the debt ceiling should be removed.« less

Attitudes towards credit and finances among college students in China and the United States.

PubMed

Norvilitis, Jill M; Mao, Yingmei

2013-01-01

Although there is growing concern about the issue of credit card debt among college students in China, little research has examined attitudes to money and debt among that group. The present study compared financial self-confidence, perceived financial wellbeing, attitudes to debt, and parent education about money and debt in 410 college students from the US and China. Although college students in China reported fewer credit cards and less debt, they also reported lower levels of financial self-confidence and financial wellbeing. In both cultures, delay of gratification and parental education predicted both self-confidence and financial wellbeing.

5 CFR 1639.7 - Initial notice to debtor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... admini strative costs may be assessed against a delinquent debt; (5) Any rights available to the debtor to dispute the validity of the debt or to have recovery of the debt waived (citing the available...

GENDER, DEBT, AND DROPPING OUT OF COLLEGE

PubMed Central

DWYER, RACHEL E.; HODSON, RANDY; MCLOUD, LAURA

2012-01-01

For many young Americans, access to credit has become critical to completing a college education and embarking on a successful career path. Young people increasingly face the trade-off of taking on debt to complete college or foregoing college and taking their chances in the labor market without a college degree. These trade-offs are gendered by differences in college preparation and support and by the different labor market opportunities women and men face that affect the value of a college degree and future difficulties they may face in repaying college debt. We examine these new realities by studying gender differences in the role of debt in the pivotal event of graduating from college using the 1997 cohort of the national longitudinal Survey of youth. In this article, we find that women and men both experience slowing and even diminishing probabilities of graduating when carrying high levels of debt, but that men drop out at lower levels of debt than do women. We conclude by theorizing that high levels of debt are one of the mechanisms that sort women and men into different positions in the social stratification system. PMID:23626403

GENDER, DEBT, AND DROPPING OUT OF COLLEGE.

PubMed

Dwyer, Rachel E; Hodson, Randy; McLoud, Laura

2013-02-01

For many young Americans, access to credit has become critical to completing a college education and embarking on a successful career path. Young people increasingly face the trade-off of taking on debt to complete college or foregoing college and taking their chances in the labor market without a college degree. These trade-offs are gendered by differences in college preparation and support and by the different labor market opportunities women and men face that affect the value of a college degree and future difficulties they may face in repaying college debt. We examine these new realities by studying gender differences in the role of debt in the pivotal event of graduating from college using the 1997 cohort of the national longitudinal Survey of youth. In this article, we find that women and men both experience slowing and even diminishing probabilities of graduating when carrying high levels of debt, but that men drop out at lower levels of debt than do women. We conclude by theorizing that high levels of debt are one of the mechanisms that sort women and men into different positions in the social stratification system.

Debt Financing: Academia's Funding Alternative.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baum, Rudy M.

1981-01-01

Discusses debt financing as a way to help universities alleviate the problems of obsolete scientific equipment and facilities for research. Reviews several forms of tax-exempt financing and takes note of some of the advantages of debt financing. (CS)

The relationship between debt-for-nature swaps and protected area tourism: a plausible strategy for developing countries

Treesearch

Brijesh Thapa

2000-01-01

There is a positive correlation between the debt crisis of countries. To combat the crisis, Lovejoy (1984) introduced the debt-for-nature swap process that involves a mechanism of exchange in which a certain amount of the debtor’s foreign debt is cancelled or forgiven, in return for local currency from the debtor government to be invested in domestic environmental...

Credit Card Blues: The Middle Class and the Hidden Costs of Easy Credit.

PubMed

Hodson, Randy; Dwyer, Rachel; Neilson, Lisa

2014-01-01

In an era of increased access to credit, it becomes increasingly important to understand the consequences of taking on unsecured consumer debt. We argue that credit can have both positive and negative consequences resulting from its ability to smooth life transitions and difficulties but that this occurs simultaneously with increased financial risks and stress resulting from carrying unsecured debt. We find that those in the middle of the income distribution suffer the greatest disruptions to mental health from carrying debt. Affluent borrowers are relatively unmoved by debt, suggesting the use of short-term debt as a convenience strategy for the financially well-heeled. The least advantaged borrowers are also suffer emotionally less from debt, possibly because securing spendable funds for necessities remains their most pressing concern. The onset of the Great Recession, however, produced increased emotional distress for all classes.

Credit Card Blues: The Middle Class and the Hidden Costs of Easy Credit

PubMed Central

Dwyer, Rachel; Neilson, Lisa

2015-01-01

In an era of increased access to credit, it becomes increasingly important to understand the consequences of taking on unsecured consumer debt. We argue that credit can have both positive and negative consequences resulting from its ability to smooth life transitions and difficulties but that this occurs simultaneously with increased financial risks and stress resulting from carrying unsecured debt. We find that those in the middle of the income distribution suffer the greatest disruptions to mental health from carrying debt. Affluent borrowers are relatively unmoved by debt, suggesting the use of short-term debt as a convenience strategy for the financially well-heeled. The least advantaged borrowers are also suffer emotionally less from debt, possibly because securing spendable funds for necessities remains their most pressing concern. The onset of the Great Recession, however, produced increased emotional distress for all classes. PMID:26766878

Diversify your sources of capital through debt offerings

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Burkhardt, D.A.; Soucy, S.T.

1993-09-01

Despite the trend toward diversification in many areas of the utility industry, most utility executives have yet to realize that many of the benefits derived from diversifying equity ownership can also be gained through a similar approach to their debt securities. Although institutional investors have long been regarded as the exclusive market for utility debt securities, individuals are an increasingly important component of this market. The factors that motivate individuals to purchase utility debt securities are the same as those that influence purchases of utility stocks: safety and dependable income. The benefits of retail ownership of utility debt securities domore » not, however, accrue exclusively to the investor. Utility companies that actively market debt offerings to individual investors also can expect to enjoy a number of tangible benefits. Nowhere are these benefits more obvious than in the area of tax-exempt utility securities.« less

Borrowing against the Future: Children and Third World Indebtedness.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bradshaw, York W.; And Others

1993-01-01

In response to the global debt crisis, international lenders have pressured Third World debtor nations to implement "structural adjustments." Analysis of data from the United Nations, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund suggest that externally imposed austerity measures have adversely affected children's survival and…

DebtRank: A Microscopic Foundation for Shock Propagation.

PubMed

Bardoscia, Marco; Battiston, Stefano; Caccioli, Fabio; Caldarelli, Guido

2015-01-01

The DebtRank algorithm has been increasingly investigated as a method to estimate the impact of shocks in financial networks, as it overcomes the limitations of the traditional default-cascade approaches. Here we formulate a dynamical "microscopic" theory of instability for financial networks by iterating balance sheet identities of individual banks and by assuming a simple rule for the transfer of shocks from borrowers to lenders. By doing so, we generalise the DebtRank formulation, both providing an interpretation of the effective dynamics in terms of basic accounting principles and preventing the underestimation of losses on certain network topologies. Depending on the structure of the interbank leverage matrix the dynamics is either stable, in which case the asymptotic state can be computed analytically, or unstable, meaning that at least one bank will default. We apply this framework to a dataset of the top listed European banks in the period 2008-2013. We find that network effects can generate an amplification of exogenous shocks of a factor ranging between three (in normal periods) and six (during the crisis) when we stress the system with a 0.5% shock on external (i.e. non-interbank) assets for all banks.

DebtRank: A Microscopic Foundation for Shock Propagation

PubMed Central

Bardoscia, Marco; Battiston, Stefano; Caccioli, Fabio; Caldarelli, Guido

2015-01-01

The DebtRank algorithm has been increasingly investigated as a method to estimate the impact of shocks in financial networks, as it overcomes the limitations of the traditional default-cascade approaches. Here we formulate a dynamical “microscopic” theory of instability for financial networks by iterating balance sheet identities of individual banks and by assuming a simple rule for the transfer of shocks from borrowers to lenders. By doing so, we generalise the DebtRank formulation, both providing an interpretation of the effective dynamics in terms of basic accounting principles and preventing the underestimation of losses on certain network topologies. Depending on the structure of the interbank leverage matrix the dynamics is either stable, in which case the asymptotic state can be computed analytically, or unstable, meaning that at least one bank will default. We apply this framework to a dataset of the top listed European banks in the period 2008–2013. We find that network effects can generate an amplification of exogenous shocks of a factor ranging between three (in normal periods) and six (during the crisis) when we stress the system with a 0.5% shock on external (i.e. non-interbank) assets for all banks. PMID:26091013

77 FR 2133 - Debt Management Advisory Committee Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-13

... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Debt Management Advisory Committee Meeting Notice is hereby given... management advisory committee: Treasury Borrowing Advisory Committee of the Securities Industry and Financial... financing operations. Historically, this advice has been offered by debt management advisory committees...

78 FR 22034 - Debt Management Advisory Committee Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-12

... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Debt Management Advisory Committee Meeting Notice is hereby given... management advisory committee: Treasury Borrowing Advisory Committee of The Securities Industry and Financial... financing operations. Historically, this advice has been offered by debt management advisory committees...

78 FR 62941 - Debt Management Advisory Committee Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-22

... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Debt Management Advisory Committee Meeting Notice is hereby given... management advisory committee: Treasury Borrowing Advisory Committee of The Securities Industry and Financial... financing operations. Historically, this advice has been offered by debt management advisory committees...

Borrowing to cope with adverse health events: liquidity constraints, insurance coverage, and unsecured debt.

PubMed

Babiarz, Patryk; Widdows, Richard; Yilmazer, Tansel

2013-10-01

This article uses data from the Health and Retirement Study for 1998-2010 to investigate whether households respond to the financial stress caused by health problems by increasing their unsecured debt. Results show both the probability of having unsecured debt and the amount of debt increase after an adverse health event among households with low financial assets, who are uninsured, or who have less generous health insurance. The effect of health problems on borrowing is caused by both medical expenditures and disruptions to the income stream. Unsecured debt seems to remain on some households' balance sheets for an extended period. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The intersection of medical debt and predatory lending among hispanics.

PubMed

Gray, Karen A; Villegas, Susy

2012-01-01

This pilot study explored the link between predatory lending and health care debt among Hispanics. Research shows that links exist between health care costs, debt, poverty, and race ( Draught & Silva, 2003 ; Zeldin & Rukavina, 2007 ). Prior to this study there was no research on the intersection between medical debt and predatory lending although there was reason to believe this link exists ( Seifert, 2004 ). Our results confirm this link and we propose means to break it.

Extinction debt as a driver of amphibian declines: An example with imperiled flatwoods salamanders

USGS Publications Warehouse

Semiltsch, Raymond D; Walls, Susan; Barichivich, William J.; O'Donnell, Katherine

2017-01-01

A comprehensive view of population declines and their underlying causes is necessary to reverse species loss. Historically, in many cases, a narrow view may have allowed species declines to continue, virtually undetected, for long periods of time (perhaps even decades). We suggest that extinction debt is likely responsible for numerous (perhaps most) amphibian declines and that this perspective should be incorporated into the structure of amphibian research and management. Extinction debt, originally proposed to explain changes in species richness following environmental disturbance, also may refer to the proportion of populations of an individual species that is expected to eventually be lost because of habitat change. A conservation framework to address extinction debt focuses research on threats at the individual, population, and metapopulation levels. This approach will help enhance, restore, and protect specific processes and habitats at the proper scale by directing management to the most vulnerable level and stage of a species. We illustrate this approach using Flatwoods Salamanders, Ambystoma cingulatumand Ambystoma bishopi, which occurred historically throughout the Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States but have experienced a greater than 85% loss of populations in recent years. Reversal of these losses is possible only if conservation and recovery efforts encompass individual, population, and metapopulation levels. We illustrate our framework by outlining actions that could be taken at each of these levels to help guide conservation and management of amphibians with complex life cycles and provide options for how to prioritize conservation actions in the face of logistical and budgetary shortfalls.

12 CFR 32.5 - Combination rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... they are restructured in a sovereign debt restructuring approved by the appropriate Federal banking... done primarily to facilitate external debt management; and (D) Whether the restructuring includes... generally liable for the debts or actions of the partnership, joint venture, or association, and those...

12 CFR 32.5 - Combination rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... they are restructured in a sovereign debt restructuring approved by the appropriate Federal banking... done primarily to facilitate external debt management; and (D) Whether the restructuring includes... generally liable for the debts or actions of the partnership, joint venture, or association, and those...

47 CFR 1.1917 - Referrals to the Department of Justice and transfer of delinquent debt to the Secretary of Treasury.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... United States Administrative Offset-Consumer Reporting Agencies-Contracting for Collection § 1.1917... given debt. Under section 3711(g), Treasury will use all appropriate debt collection tools to collect...

47 CFR 1.1917 - Referrals to the Department of Justice and transfer of delinquent debt to the Secretary of Treasury.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... United States Administrative Offset-Consumer Reporting Agencies-Contracting for Collection § 1.1917... given debt. Under section 3711(g), Treasury will use all appropriate debt collection tools to collect...

47 CFR 1.1917 - Referrals to the Department of Justice and transfer of delinquent debt to the Secretary of Treasury.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... United States Administrative Offset-Consumer Reporting Agencies-Contracting for Collection § 1.1917... given debt. Under section 3711(g), Treasury will use all appropriate debt collection tools to collect...

76 FR 41559 - Debt Management Advisory Committee Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-14

... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Debt Management Advisory Committee Meeting Notice is hereby given... management advisory committee: Treasury Borrowing Advisory Committee of The Securities Industry and Financial... decisions on major financing operations. Historically, this advice has been offered by debt management...

76 FR 64992 - Debt Management Advisory Committee; Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-19

... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Debt Management Advisory Committee; Meeting Notice is hereby given... management advisory committee: Treasury Borrowing Advisory Committee of the Securities Industry and Financial... operations. Historically, this advice has been offered by debt management advisory committees established by...

7 CFR 4279.131 - Credit quality.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... extended. (a) Cash flow. All efforts will be made to structure or restructure debt so that the business has... predominantly cash-flow oriented, and where cash flow and profitability are strong, loan-to-value coverage may be discounted accordingly. A loan primarily based on cash flow must be supported by a successful and...

7 CFR 4279.131 - Credit quality.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... extended. (a) Cash flow. All efforts will be made to structure or restructure debt so that the business has... predominantly cash-flow oriented, and where cash flow and profitability are strong, loan-to-value coverage may be discounted accordingly. A loan primarily based on cash flow must be supported by a successful and...

7 CFR 4279.131 - Credit quality.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... extended. (a) Cash flow. All efforts will be made to structure or restructure debt so that the business has... predominantly cash-flow oriented, and where cash flow and profitability are strong, loan-to-value coverage may be discounted accordingly. A loan primarily based on cash flow must be supported by a successful and...

13 CFR 107.845 - Maximum rate of amortization on Loans and Debt Securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Financing of Small Businesses by Licensees Structuring Licensee's Financing of An Eligible Small Business: Terms and Conditions of Financing § 107.845 Maximum... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Maximum rate of amortization on...

Coping with Economic Uncertainty: Focus on Key Risks Essential

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sander, Laura

2009-01-01

During this period of continued economic uncertainty, higher-education institutions are facing a variety of challenges that by now are very familiar to governing boards and institutional leaders, including poor investment returns, reduced liquidity, limited choices in how they structure debt issues, and threats to flexibility in tuition pricing.…

A Stay-Rich View of the New Global Economy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trusteeship, 2011

2011-01-01

Major demographic changes around the world. Disproportionate sovereign debt. A shift from North America, Western Europe, and Japan to emerging economies as centers of growth. Unprecedented levels of market risk and volatility. The structure of the global economy is undergoing significant changes. Michael Oyster, managing principal of Fund…

The great exterminator of children.

PubMed

Logie, D

1992-05-30

Time is running out. Major contributors to declines in the health of Brazilian children, particularly street children, are the international debt crisis, the reverse flow of capital from the South to the North, and economic adjustment policies. There are medical consequences and an ecological debt. There is a question about the merits of having the poor pay for the folly of bad, past government decisions. All the major charities campaigned against repayment of debt. Banks are only exposed to 3% of their total assets in Third World debt, and are receiving tax relief for non repayment. Austerity programs have meant cuts in health and education, and diversion of food, wages, and welfare to producing exports in order to repay the debt. The message is earn more and spend less. The poor are hit the hardest, particularly by rising food prices. Diseases which were though to be eradicated are coming back. After decades of economic advances, countries are slipping back into mass poverty. Cuts in food subsidies or health care and family planning affect women and overpopulation. Land is being usurped from peasant farmers and tropical forests destroyed; urbanization has led to abandonment of 8 million children on the streets. The 1989 Brady plan suggests trading commercial debt for lower priced bonds which could be purchased by big business or even by the country itself. The deals tend to be complex. So far only 6 countries have benefited. Another proposal is English Prime Minister John Major's Trinidad Terms of September 1990, which is directed to low income country debtors. In December 1991 the UK cancelled 50% of the debt to the poorest countries over the next 3 years. The US and Australia have set up rescheduling agreements. World Bank debt is still in question. Commercial banks should also make an offer of relief. It is suggested that doctors unite in an organization called Physicians Against International Debt-PAID to lobby banks, governments, and the international community to make human development a priority and reduce debt.

Structural and Maturational Covariance in Early Childhood Brain Development.

PubMed

Geng, Xiujuan; Li, Gang; Lu, Zhaohua; Gao, Wei; Wang, Li; Shen, Dinggang; Zhu, Hongtu; Gilmore, John H

2017-03-01

Brain structural covariance networks (SCNs) composed of regions with correlated variation are altered in neuropsychiatric disease and change with age. Little is known about the development of SCNs in early childhood, a period of rapid cortical growth. We investigated the development of structural and maturational covariance networks, including default, dorsal attention, primary visual and sensorimotor networks in a longitudinal population of 118 children after birth to 2 years old and compared them with intrinsic functional connectivity networks. We found that structural covariance of all networks exhibit strong correlations mostly limited to their seed regions. By Age 2, default and dorsal attention structural networks are much less distributed compared with their functional maps. The maturational covariance maps, however, revealed significant couplings in rates of change between distributed regions, which partially recapitulate their functional networks. The structural and maturational covariance of the primary visual and sensorimotor networks shows similar patterns to the corresponding functional networks. Results indicate that functional networks are in place prior to structural networks, that correlated structural patterns in adult may arise in part from coordinated cortical maturation, and that regional co-activation in functional networks may guide and refine the maturation of SCNs over childhood development. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Recession, debt and mental health: challenges and solutions

PubMed Central

2009-01-01

Background During the economic downturn, the link between recession and health has featured in many countries' media, political, and medical debate. This paper focuses on the previously neglected relationship between personal debt and mental health. Aims Using the UK as a case study, this paper considers the public health challenges presented by debt to mental health. We then propose solutions identified in workshops held during the UK Government's Foresight Review of Mental Capital and Wellbeing. Results Within their respective sectors, health professionals should receive basic ‘debt first aid’ training, whilst all UK financial sector codes of practice should – as a minimum – recognise the existence of customers with mental health problems. Further longitudinal research is also needed to ‘unpack’ the relationship between debt and mental health. Across sectors, a lack of co-ordinated activity across health, money advice, and creditor organisations remains a weakness. A renewed emphasis on co-ordinated ‘debt care pathways’ and better communication between local health and advice services is needed. Discussion The relationship between debt and mental health presents a contemporary public health challenge. Solutions exist, but will require action and investment at a time of competition for funds. PMID:22477896

The impact of state road fund debt limits : an empirical analysis.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-07-01

States have been gradually increasing their reliance on debt financing to meet their transportation funding needs. Increased reliance on debt financing has been driven by the slow growth of highway and Road Fund revenue sources, resistance to tax exp...

5 CFR 835.601 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) DEBT COLLECTION Collection of Debts by Federal Tax Refund Offset § 835.601 Purpose. This subpart establishes... offset against the income tax refunds of persons owing debts to OPM. It specifies the agency procedures...

19 CFR 351.508 - Debt forgiveness.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Duties INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTIES Identification and Measurement of Countervailable Subsidies § 351.508 Debt forgiveness. (a) Benefit. In the case of an assumption or forgiveness of a firm's debt obligation, a benefit exists equal to the amount of...

7 CFR 1956.54 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... SERVICE, RURAL UTILITIES SERVICE, AND FARM SERVICE AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) DEBT SETTLEMENT Debt Settlement-Farm Loan Programs and Multi-Family Housing § 1956.54... the purposes of servicing Farm Loan Programs loans, debt forgiveness is defined as a reduction or...

7 CFR 1956.54 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... SERVICE, RURAL UTILITIES SERVICE, AND FARM SERVICE AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) DEBT SETTLEMENT Debt Settlement-Farm Loan Programs and Multi-Family Housing § 1956.54... the purposes of servicing Farm Loan Programs loans, debt forgiveness is defined as a reduction or...

47 CFR 1.1917 - Referrals to the Department of Justice and transfer of delinquent debt to the Secretary of Treasury.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Administrative Offset-Consumer Reporting Agencies-Contracting for Collection § 1.1917 Referrals to the Department... 3711(g), Treasury will use all appropriate debt collection tools to collect the debt, including...

Brief history of US debt limits before 1939

PubMed Central

Hall, George J.; Sargent, Thomas J.

2018-01-01

Between 1776 and 1920, the US Congress designed more than 200 distinct securities and stated the maximum amount of each that the Treasury could sell. Between 1917 and 1939, Congress gradually delegated all decisions about designing US debt instruments to the Treasury. In 1939, Congress began imposing a limit on the par value of total federal debt outstanding. By summing Congressional borrowing authorizations outstanding each year for each bond, we construct a time series of implied federal debt limits before 1939. PMID:29507220

Finding funds under your nose with capital raising techniques.

PubMed

Harris, J P; Price, J B

1988-07-01

As competition increases and patient utilization and reimbursement decline, financial managers are faced with exhausted debt capacity and increasing needs for capital. It appears to be an impossible situation. However, techniques that create underlying value can be used to raise needed capital without jeopardizing a hospital's debt capacity and credit rating. These techniques--off-balance sheet financing, sale/leaseback of undervalued assets, sale or lease of existing services, and debt restructuring--create additional sources of capital without threatening future debt capacity.

Household Debt and Relation to Intimate Partner Violence and Husbands' Attitudes Toward Gender Norms: A Study Among Young Married Couples in Rural Maharashtra, India

PubMed Central

Donta, Balaiah; Dasgupta, Anindita; Ghule, Mohan; Battala, Madhusudana; Nair, Saritha; Silverman, Jay G.; Jadhav, Arun; Palaye, Prajakta; Saggurti, Niranjan; Raj, Anita

2015-01-01

Objective Evidence has linked economic hardship with increased intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration among males. However, less is known about how economic debt or gender norms related to men's roles in relationships or the household, which often underlie IPV perpetration, intersect in or may explain these associations. We assessed the intersection of economic debt, attitudes toward gender norms, and IPV perpetration among married men in India. Methods Data were from the evaluation of a family planning intervention among young married couples (n=1,081) in rural Maharashtra, India. Crude and adjusted logistic regression models for dichotomous outcome variables and linear regression models for continuous outcomes were used to examine debt in relation to husbands' attitudes toward gender-based norms (i.e., beliefs supporting IPV and beliefs regarding male dominance in relationships and the household), as well as sexual and physical IPV perpetration. Results Twenty percent of husbands reported debt. In adjusted linear regression models, debt was associated with husbands' attitudes supportive of IPV (b=0.015, p=0.004) and norms supporting male dominance in relationships and the household (b=0.006, p=0.003). In logistic regression models adjusted for relevant demographics, debt was associated with perpetration of physical IPV (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1, 1.9) and sexual IPV (AOR=1.6, 95% CI 1.1, 2.1) from husbands. These findings related to debt and relation to IPV were slightly attenuated when further adjusted for men's attitudes toward gender norms. Conclusion Findings suggest the need for combined gender equity and economic promotion interventions to address high levels of debt and related IPV reported among married couples in rural India. PMID:26556938

Educational debt and intended employment choice among dental school seniors.

PubMed

Wanchek, Tanya; Nicholson, Sean; Vujicic, Marko; Menezes, Adriana; Ziebert, Anthony

2014-05-01

The authors examined the association between educational debt and dental school seniors' intended activity after graduation. The authors used multinomial logit regression analysis to estimate the relationship between dental educational debt and intended activity after graduation, controlling for potentially confounding variables. They used data from the 2004 through 2011 ADEA (American Dental Education Association) Survey of Dental School Seniors. Fourth-year dental school students with high levels of educational debt were more likely to express an interest in choosing to go into private practice, although the magnitude of this effect was relatively small. For each $10,000 increase in debt, the likelihood of choosing advanced education relative to private practice was 1.5 percent lower (relative risk ratio [RRR], 0.985 [95 percent confidence interval {CI}, 0.978-0.991]). For the same $10,000 increase in debt, the probability of choosing teaching, research and administration was 3.1 percent lower than that for choosing private practice (RRR, 0.969 [95 percent CI, 0.954-0.986]) and was 8.4 percent lower than that for choosing a government service position (RRR, 0.916 [95 percent CI, 0.908-0.924]). Although educational debt was statistically significant for predicting intended activity after graduation, the magnitude of influence of other variables such as sex, race and whether a parent is a dentist was substantially larger. Practical Implications Concerns regarding rising educational debt and its effect on the dental labor market may be misplaced. The characteristics of the dental school student body may be a more accurate predictor of employment choices that dental school seniors are making than are total educational debt levels.

Household Debt and Relation to Intimate Partner Violence and Husbands' Attitudes Toward Gender Norms: A Study Among Young Married Couples in Rural Maharashtra, India.

PubMed

Reed, Elizabeth; Donta, Balaiah; Dasgupta, Anindita; Ghule, Mohan; Battala, Madhusudana; Nair, Saritha; Silverman, Jay G; Jadhav, Arun; Palaye, Prajakta; Saggurti, Niranjan; Raj, Anita

2015-01-01

Evidence has linked economic hardship with increased intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration among males. However, less is known about how economic debt or gender norms related to men's roles in relationships or the household, which often underlie IPV perpetration, intersect in or may explain these associations. We assessed the intersection of economic debt, attitudes toward gender norms, and IPV perpetration among married men in India. Data were from the evaluation of a family planning intervention among young married couples (n=1,081) in rural Maharashtra, India. Crude and adjusted logistic regression models for dichotomous outcome variables and linear regression models for continuous outcomes were used to examine debt in relation to husbands' attitudes toward gender-based norms (i.e., beliefs supporting IPV and beliefs regarding male dominance in relationships and the household), as well as sexual and physical IPV perpetration. Twenty percent of husbands reported debt. In adjusted linear regression models, debt was associated with husbands' attitudes supportive of IPV (b=0.015, p=0.004) and norms supporting male dominance in relationships and the household (b=0.006, p=0.003). In logistic regression models adjusted for relevant demographics, debt was associated with perpetration of physical IPV (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1, 1.9) and sexual IPV (AOR=1.6, 95% CI 1.1, 2.1) from husbands. These findings related to debt and relation to IPV were slightly attenuated when further adjusted for men's attitudes toward gender norms. Findings suggest the need for combined gender equity and economic promotion interventions to address high levels of debt and related IPV reported among married couples in rural India.

The association of debt financing with not-for-profit hospitals' provision of uncompensated care.

PubMed

Magnus, Stephen A; Smith, Dean G; Wheeler, John R C

2004-01-01

Not-for-profit hospitals undertook unprecedented amounts of debt in the mid to late 1990s. Corporate finance theory and the literature on hospital financing suggest that debt may constrain hospitals' capacity to deliver uncompensated care. Using data from audited financial statements for a sample of hospitals, this article explores whether debt financing is associated with hospitals' provision of uncompensated care, an output central to many hospitals' service missions. Contrary to expectations, our analysis finds that higher debt is associated with higher levels of uncompensated care. However, the results may reflect the unusual economic and stock-market conditions prevailing in the mid 1990s, and they are consistent with the views of hospital financial managers and other practitioners whom we interviewed.

Third world debt Problem

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Munroe, T.

The author examines key elements in the debt situation of a small number of developing countries which owe $600 billion to a small number of large banks in 10 industrialized countries. Most of the debt resides in Latin America. Shrinkage of the debt will also slow economic growth in these countries. Three solutions include purchase of the debt by an international agency, indexation of loan rates to inflation, and the preferred approach in which debtor countries slow their borrowing and adopt internal austerity programs that reduce trade deficits through reduced inflation and enhanced exports. Each of these approaches is amore » band-aid solution. The fundamental long-term solution is one where the world economy grows at a healthy rate with moderate inflation.« less

48 CFR 2131.205-3 - Bad debts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Bad debts. 2131.205-3 Section 2131.205-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations System OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT, FEDERAL... PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURES Contracts With Commercial Organizations 2131.205-3 Bad debts. Erroneous benefit...

78 FR 10002 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Regulation Project

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-12

...: FI-59-91. Abstract: This regulation relates to the tax treatment of debt instruments that provide for... debt instruments with original issue discount; contingent payments; anti-abuse rule. DATES: Written... Constitution Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20224. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Title: Debt Instruments With Original...

29 CFR 1650.207 - Administrative charges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures for the Collection of Debts by Federal Tax Refund Offset § 1650.207 Administrative charges. All administrative charges incurred in connection with the referral of a debt to the Treasury and all costs of...

7 CFR 1782.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... interest is due and payable immediately. Adjustment. Satisfaction of a debt, including release of liability... employee acting on its behalf in accordance with appropriate delegations of authority. Assumption of debt. Agreement by one party to legally bind itself to pay the debt incurred by another. Borrower. Recipient of...

Student debt: an inevitable problem?

PubMed

Hoad-Reddick, G; Heath, J R; Loughnane, P; Sugden, C; Khakharia, M L

1996-10-19

Since the government introduced the loan scheme for university students in 1990, it has become abundantly apparent that students are falling increasingly into debt. This paper describes the results of two studies undertaken by Manchester undergraduate dental students into the level and consequences of debt on dental students.

49 CFR 1017.4 - Notice requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., request, and copy Government records relating to the debt (if an employee is unable to physically inspect..., request, and copy Government records relating to the debt (if the former employee is unable to physically... OF TRANSPORTATION GENERAL RULES AND REGULATIONS DEBT COLLECTION-COLLECTION BY OFFSET FROM INDEBTED...

Collaboration Strategies to Reduce Technical Debt

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miko, Jeffrey Allen

2017-01-01

Inadequate software development collaboration processes can allow technical debt to accumulate increasing future maintenance costs and the chance of system failures. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore collaboration strategies software development leaders use to reduce the amount of technical debt created by software…

7 CFR 3550.103 - Eligibility requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... where an applicant successfully completed a bankruptcy debt restructuring plan and has demonstrated a... indicates reasonable ability and willingness to meet debt obligations. An applicant with an outstanding... repayment, or collection accounts that were paid in full within the last 6 months. (vii) Non-agency debts...

7 CFR 3550.103 - Eligibility requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... where an applicant successfully completed a bankruptcy debt restructuring plan and has demonstrated a... indicates reasonable ability and willingness to meet debt obligations. An applicant with an outstanding... repayment, or collection accounts that were paid in full within the last 6 months. (vii) Non-agency debts...

7 CFR 3550.53 - Eligibility requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... where an applicant successfully completed a bankruptcy debt restructuring plan and has demonstrated a... plus recurring monthly debts does not exceed 41 percent of the applicant's repayment income. (2) A low... pay PITI plus recurring monthly debts does not exceed 41 percent of repayment income. (3) Repayment...

7 CFR 3550.103 - Eligibility requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... where an applicant successfully completed a bankruptcy debt restructuring plan and has demonstrated a... indicates reasonable ability and willingness to meet debt obligations. An applicant with an outstanding... repayment, or collection accounts that were paid in full within the last 6 months. (vii) Non-agency debts...

7 CFR 3550.53 - Eligibility requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... where an applicant successfully completed a bankruptcy debt restructuring plan and has demonstrated a... plus recurring monthly debts does not exceed 41 percent of the applicant's repayment income. (2) A low... pay PITI plus recurring monthly debts does not exceed 41 percent of repayment income. (3) Repayment...

7 CFR 3550.53 - Eligibility requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... where an applicant successfully completed a bankruptcy debt restructuring plan and has demonstrated a... plus recurring monthly debts does not exceed 41 percent of the applicant's repayment income. (2) A low... pay PITI plus recurring monthly debts does not exceed 41 percent of repayment income. (3) Repayment...

7 CFR 3550.103 - Eligibility requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... where an applicant successfully completed a bankruptcy debt restructuring plan and has demonstrated a... indicates reasonable ability and willingness to meet debt obligations. An applicant with an outstanding... repayment, or collection accounts that were paid in full within the last 6 months. (vii) Non-agency debts...

7 CFR 3550.53 - Eligibility requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... where an applicant successfully completed a bankruptcy debt restructuring plan and has demonstrated a... plus recurring monthly debts does not exceed 41 percent of the applicant's repayment income. (2) A low... pay PITI plus recurring monthly debts does not exceed 41 percent of repayment income. (3) Repayment...

29 CFR 1650.102 - Delegation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures... to the Chief Human Capital Officer the authority to collect debts owed by current EEOC employees, and to the Chief Financial Officer the authority to collect debts owed by former EEOC employees and non...

29 CFR 1650.102 - Delegation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures... to the Chief Human Capital Officer the authority to collect debts owed by current EEOC employees, and to the Chief Financial Officer the authority to collect debts owed by former EEOC employees and non...

29 CFR 1650.102 - Delegation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures... to the Chief Human Capital Officer the authority to collect debts owed by current EEOC employees, and to the Chief Financial Officer the authority to collect debts owed by former EEOC employees and non...

29 CFR 1650.102 - Delegation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures... to the Chief Human Capital Officer the authority to collect debts owed by current EEOC employees, and to the Chief Financial Officer the authority to collect debts owed by former EEOC employees and non...

29 CFR 1650.102 - Delegation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures... to the Chief Human Capital Officer the authority to collect debts owed by current EEOC employees, and to the Chief Financial Officer the authority to collect debts owed by former EEOC employees and non...

31 CFR 5.20 - How do other Federal agencies use the offset process to collect debts from payments issued by a...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Officer, 1500 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Attention: Metropolitan Square, Room 6228, Washington, DC 20220... pay debts owed to other agencies before paying a debt owed to a Treasury entity. The Treasury entity...

31 CFR 5.20 - How do other Federal agencies use the offset process to collect debts from payments issued by a...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Officer, 1500 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Attention: Metropolitan Square, Room 6228, Washington, DC 20220... pay debts owed to other agencies before paying a debt owed to a Treasury entity. The Treasury entity...

31 CFR 5.20 - How do other Federal agencies use the offset process to collect debts from payments issued by a...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Officer, 1500 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Attention: Metropolitan Square, Room 6228, Washington, DC 20220... pay debts owed to other agencies before paying a debt owed to a Treasury entity. The Treasury entity...

The burden of debt for Canadian dental students: part 3. Student indebtedness, sources of funding and the influence of socioeconomic status on debt.

PubMed

Matthew, Ian R; Walton, Joanne N; Dumaresq, Cheryl; Sudmant, Walter

2006-11-01

In recent years, tuition fees at most universities across Canada have increased substantially, particularly in professional programs such as dentistry. Anecdotal evidence suggests that these increases have a significant adverse impact on the educational experience of dental students. In January 2004, students at Canada's 10 dental schools were invited to participate in a survey on costs, debt and other factors related to attending dental school in Canada. This third article in a series of 4 examines the effects of funding sources and socioeconomic status (SES) on dental students' debt. The survey provided key information about the costs of attending dental school and the levels of debt among dental students across Canada. Choice of school and year of study had a significant effect on the overall costs of attending dental school, and dental students' costs were largely financed by private loans or other forms of debt. Canadian dental students' average debt varied between 24,000 to 26,000 dollars per annum, depending on their year of study. Key determinants of borrowing included type of residence, SES, total costs, and number of dependents. Students who lived at home or with relatives borrowed significantly less than those who were renting. Parents' SES was related to students' access to forms of educational funding that result in no debt burden. SES also played a role in determining the likelihood of a student pursuing further professional education.

41 CFR 105-55.030 - Discharge of indebtedness; reporting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... offset, tax refund offset, Federal salary offset, referral to Treasury, Treasury-designated debt... action. (b) Section 3711(i), Title 31, United States Code, requires GSA to sell a delinquent non-tax debt... Discharge of indebtedness; reporting requirements. (a) Before discharging a delinquent debt (also referred...

22 CFR 34.3 - Exceptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE CLAIMS AND STOLEN PROPERTY DEBT COLLECTION General Provisions § 34.3 Exceptions. (a) Debts arising from the audit of transportation accounts pursuant to 31 U.S.C. 3726 shall be determined... 102-118. (b) Debts arising out of acquisition contracts subject to the Federal Acquisition Regulation...

41 CFR 105-56.024 - Purpose and scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... offset computer matching, identify Federal employees who owe delinquent non-tax debt to the United States. Centralized salary offset computer matching is the computerized comparison of delinquent debt records with...) administrative offset program, to collect delinquent debts owed to the Federal Government. This process is known...

22 CFR 309.8 - Application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

..., legally enforceable non-tax debt that has been delinquent for 180 days or more so that FMS may take... Relations PEACE CORPS DEBT COLLECTION Collection Actions § 309.8 Application. (a) Peace Corps shall aggressively collect claims and debts in accordance with these regulations and applicable law. (b) Peace Corps...

5 CFR 831.1803 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., overpayments, fines, penalties, damages, interests, taxes, forfeitures, etc. Debt claim means an agency request...) RETIREMENT Agency Requests to OPM for Recovery of a Debt from the Civil Service Retirement and Disability... Federal Claims Collection Act of 1966 as amended by the Debt Collection Act of 1982 and implemented by 4...

29 CFR 1650.104 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... activities. (c) Debt means money owed by an employee of the Federal Government to an agency of the Federal... Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures for the Collection of Debts by Salary Offset § 1650.104 Definitions. For the purpose of this subpart, terms are...

Student Credit Card Debt in the 21st Century: Options for Financial Aid Administrators.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oleson, Mark

2001-01-01

Provides multiple workable solutions financial aid offices can offer students throughout their college experience to deal with debt: preventive solutions for avoiding problems with credit card debt, holistic solutions for other related problems, and remedial solutions for existing problems. (EV)

49 CFR 1017.1 - Purpose and scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Government and to increase the efficiency of governmentwide efforts to collect debts owed the United States... his/her consent to satisfy certain debts owed to the Federal Government. The regulations covered in... governing debt collection for entities and individuals who are not current or former government employees...

48 CFR 1631.205-71 - FEHBP bad debts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 true FEHBP bad debts. 1631.205-71 Section 1631.205-71 Federal Acquisition Regulations System OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT FEDERAL... AND PROCEDURES Contracts With Commercial Organizations 1631.205-71 FEHBP bad debts. Erroneous benefit...

20 CFR 422.310 - Collection of overdue debts by administrative offset.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Collection of overdue debts by administrative offset. 422.310 Section 422.310 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ORGANIZATION AND... overdue debts from Federal employees, including employees of the Social Security Administration. A Federal...

76 FR 5070 - Offset of Tax Refund Payments To Collect Delinquent State Unemployment Compensation Debts

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-28

... Payments To Collect Delinquent State Unemployment Compensation Debts AGENCY: Financial Management Service... (referred to as ``tax refund offset'') to collect delinquent State unemployment compensation debts. The Department of the Treasury (Treasury) will incorporate the procedures necessary to collect State unemployment...

Bookending the Opportunity to Lower Wind’s LCOE by Reducing the Uncertainty Surrounding Annual Energy Production

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bolinger, Mark

Reducing the performance risk surrounding a wind project can potentially lead to a lower weighted-average cost of capital (WACC), and hence a lower levelized cost of energy (LCOE), through an advantageous shift in capital structure, and possibly also a reduction in the cost of capital. Specifically, a reduction in performance risk will move the 1-year P99 annual energy production (AEP) estimate closer to the P50 AEP estimate, which in turn reduces the minimum debt service coverage ratio (DSCR) required by lenders, thereby allowing the project to be financed with a greater proportion of low-cost debt. In addition, a reduction inmore » performance risk might also reduce the cost of one or more of the three sources of capital that are commonly used to finance wind projects: sponsor or cash equity, tax equity, and/or debt. Preliminary internal LBNL analysis of the maximum possible LCOE reduction attainable from reducing the performance risk of a wind project found a potentially significant opportunity for LCOE reduction of ~$10/MWh, by reducing the P50 DSCR to its theoretical minimum value of 1.0 (Bolinger 2015b, 2014) and by reducing the cost of sponsor equity and debt by one-third to one-half each (Bolinger 2015a, 2015b). However, with FY17 funding from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Atmosphere to Electrons (A2e) Performance Risk, Uncertainty, and Finance (PRUF) initiative, LBNL has been revisiting this “bookending” exercise in more depth, and now believes that its earlier preliminary assessment of the LCOE reduction opportunity was overstated. This reassessment is based on two new-found understandings: (1) Due to ever-present and largely irreducible inter-annual variability (IAV) in the wind resource, the minimum required DSCR cannot possibly fall to 1.0 (on a P50 basis), and (2) A reduction in AEP uncertainty will not necessarily lead to a reduction in the cost of capital, meaning that a shift in capital structure is perhaps the best that can be expected (perhaps along with a modest decline in the cost of cash equity as new investors enter the market).« less

26 CFR 1.514(a)-1 - Unrelated debt-financed income and deductions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Taxation of Business Income of Certain Exempt..., applicable for taxable years beginning before January 1, 1972, and for special rules applicable to churches or conventions or associations of churches. (ii) Unrelated debt-financed income. The unrelated debt...

12 CFR 370.3 - Debt Guarantee Program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...(e)(1)(i) (excluding mandatory convertible debt), that was outstanding as of the close of business... eligible entities calculated on a pro forma basis as of the close of business September 30, 2008, absent... exchange rate in effect on the date that the debt is funded. (c) Calculation and reporting responsibility...

26 CFR 1.1275-1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... reopening and aggregation rules. (g) Debt instruments issued by a natural person. If an entity is a primary... natural person even if a natural person is a co-maker and is jointly liable for the debt instrument's... entity even if the partnership is composed entirely of natural persons. (h) Publicly offered debt...

7 CFR 3565.6 - Inclusion of tax-exempt debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Inclusion of tax-exempt debt. 3565.6 Section 3565.6 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GUARANTEED RURAL RENTAL HOUSING PROGRAM General Provisions § 3565.6 Inclusion of tax-exempt debt...

7 CFR 3565.6 - Inclusion of tax-exempt debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Inclusion of tax-exempt debt. 3565.6 Section 3565.6 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GUARANTEED RURAL RENTAL HOUSING PROGRAM General Provisions § 3565.6 Inclusion of tax-exempt debt...

7 CFR 3565.6 - Inclusion of tax-exempt debt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Inclusion of tax-exempt debt. 3565.6 Section 3565.6 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GUARANTEED RURAL RENTAL HOUSING PROGRAM General Provisions § 3565.6 Inclusion of tax-exempt debt...

75 FR 49427 - Application of Section 108(i) to Partnerships and S Corporations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-13

... reacquisitions of applicable debt instruments after December 31, 2008, and before January 1, 2011. The regulations affect partnerships and S corporations with respect to reacquisitions of applicable debt... deferred section 752 amount with respect to an applicable debt instrument. An agency may not conduct or...

76 FR 16855 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Revenue Procedure 2001-21

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-25

... treat certain exchanges of debt instruments as realization events for Federal income tax purposes even... concerning Revenue Procedure 2001-21, Debt Roll-Ups. DATES: Written comments should be received on or before...: Title: Debt Roll-Ups. OMB Number: 1545-1647. Revenue Procedure Number: Revenue Procedure 2001-21...

7 CFR 762.120 - Applicant eligibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... three occasions on or prior to April 4, 1996; or (ii) Any occasion after April 4, 1996. (2) The... Code; or (iii) Received debt forgiveness on not more than one occasion after April 4, 1996, resulting... received debt forgiveness on that debt within three years after the designation of such emergency meet this...

7 CFR 762.120 - Applicant eligibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... three occasions on or prior to April 4, 1996; or (ii) Any occasion after April 4, 1996. (2) The... Code; or (iii) Received debt forgiveness on not more than one occasion after April 4, 1996, resulting... received debt forgiveness on that debt within three years after the designation of such emergency meet this...

7 CFR 1951.227 - Protective advances.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... in the best interest of the government. For insurance, factors such as the amount of advance... the rate specified in the most recent debt instrument authorizing such an advance. (b) Protective... securing the debt owed to or insured by FmHA or its successor agency under Public Law 103-354 if the debt...

7 CFR 1403.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Service. Late payment interest rate means the amount of interest charged on delinquent debts and claims. The late payment interest rate shall be determined as of the date a debt becomes delinquent and shall... debt owed the Government, or any agency thereof. FSA means the Farm Service Agency of the United States...

20 CFR 367.1 - Purpose and scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... DEBTS OWED TO THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT BY ADMINISTRATIVE OFFSET § 367.1 Purpose and scope. The regulations in this part establish procedures to implement the Debt Collection Act of 1982 (Pub. L. 97-365..., unless facts material to the Government's right to collect the debt were not known and could not...

10 CFR 16.5 - Application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... COMMISSION SALARY OFFSET PROCEDURES FOR COLLECTING DEBTS OWED BY FEDERAL EMPLOYEES TO THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT § 16.5 Application. The regulations in this part are to be followed when: (a) The NRC is owed a debt by an individual currently employed by another Federal agency; (b) The NRC is owed a debt by an...

20 CFR 361.7 - Written decision following a hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... RECOVERY OF DEBTS OWED TO THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT BY GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES § 361.7 Written decision... shall issue a written decision stating the facts evidencing the nature and origin of the alleged debt; the amount and validity of the alleged debt; and the judge or hearing official's analysis, findings...

20 CFR 367.3 - Board responsibilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... DEBTS OWED TO THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT BY ADMINISTRATIVE OFFSET § 367.3 Board responsibilities. (a... outstanding for more than 10 years after the Government's right to collect the debt first accrued may be... the Board by means of administrative offset, except that all nontax debts over 180 days delinquent...

49 CFR 1017.11 - Refunds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... TRANSPORTATION GENERAL RULES AND REGULATIONS DEBT COLLECTION-COLLECTION BY OFFSET FROM INDEBTED GOVERNMENT AND FORMER GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES § 1017.11 Refunds. (a) The Board shall promptly refund any amounts deducted to satisfy debts owed to it when the debt is waived, found not owed to the Board, or when directed by...

10 CFR 16.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... COMMISSION SALARY OFFSET PROCEDURES FOR COLLECTING DEBTS OWED BY FEDERAL EMPLOYEES TO THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT... Government to, or held by the Government for, a person to satisfy a debt the person owes the United States... of the match is to identify Federal employees who owe debt to the Federal Government. Creditor agency...

49 CFR 1017.12 - Statute of limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... OF TRANSPORTATION GENERAL RULES AND REGULATIONS DEBT COLLECTION-COLLECTION BY OFFSET FROM INDEBTED GOVERNMENT AND FORMER GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES § 1017.12 Statute of limitations. If a debt has been outstanding for more than 10 years after the agency's right to collect the debt first accrued, the agency may not...

10 CFR 16.17 - Refunds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... COMMISSION SALARY OFFSET PROCEDURES FOR COLLECTING DEBTS OWED BY FEDERAL EMPLOYEES TO THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT § 16.17 Refunds. (a) The NRC will refund promptly any amounts deducted to satisfy debts owed to the NRC when the debt is waived, found not owed to the NRC, or when directed by an administrative or Judicial...

10 CFR 16.19 - Statute of limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... REGULATORY COMMISSION SALARY OFFSET PROCEDURES FOR COLLECTING DEBTS OWED BY FEDERAL EMPLOYEES TO THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT § 16.19 Statute of limitations. If a debt has been outstanding for more than 10 years after the agency's right to collect the debt first accrued, the agency may not collect by salary offset unless...

12 CFR 615.5502 - Issuance of global debt securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Issuance of global debt securities. 615.5502 Section 615.5502 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM FUNDING AND FISCAL AFFAIRS, LOAN POLICIES AND OPERATIONS, AND FUNDING OPERATIONS Global Debt Securities § 615.5502 Issuance...

26 CFR 1.1275-5 - Variable rate debt instruments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... nonpublicly traded property. A debt instrument (other than a tax-exempt obligation) that would otherwise... variations in the cost of newly borrowed funds in the currency in which the debt instrument is denominated... on the yield of actively traded personal property (within the meaning of section 1092(d)(1)). (ii...

26 CFR 1.1275-4 - Contingent payment debt instruments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... issued for money or publicly traded property and paragraph (c) of this section applies to a contingent payment debt instrument that is issued for nonpublicly traded property. Paragraph (d) of this section....1273-2 (e.g., a contingent payment debt instrument that is issued for money or publicly traded property...

76 FR 7577 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request, OMB No...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-10

...; Debt Collection Financial Statement AGENCY: Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS. ACTION: Notice... No. 1660-0011; FEMA Form 127-0-1 (currently FEMA Form 22-13), Debt Collection Financial Statement... . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Collection of Information Title: Debt Collection Financial Statement. Type of...

17 CFR 229.202 - (Item 202) Description of registrant's securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... creditors of the registrant; where debt securities are designated as subordinated in accordance with... practicable date that by the terms of such debt securities would be senior to such subordinated debt and... bondable property available as a basis for the issuance of bonds; provisions permitting the withdrawal of...

17 CFR 229.202 - (Item 202) Description of registrant's securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... creditors of the registrant; where debt securities are designated as subordinated in accordance with... practicable date that by the terms of such debt securities would be senior to such subordinated debt and... bondable property available as a basis for the issuance of bonds; provisions permitting the withdrawal of...

17 CFR 229.202 - (Item 202) Description of registrant's securities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... creditors of the registrant; where debt securities are designated as subordinated in accordance with... practicable date that by the terms of such debt securities would be senior to such subordinated debt and... bondable property available as a basis for the issuance of bonds; provisions permitting the withdrawal of...

31 CFR 285.12 - Transfer of debts to Treasury for collection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... impact the date of delinquency of a debt for other purposes such as for purposes of accruing interest and... agreement or instrument (including a post-delinquency payment agreement) unless other satisfactory payment... of delinquency through internal offset. A debt is being collected by internal offset if the creditor...

29 CFR 100.603 - Debts that are covered.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... proceedings. (Regulations concerning the collection of these types of debts are found in 29 CFR Part 102, Subparts U and V.); (2) A debt involving criminal actions of fraud, the presentation of a false claim, or... fraud, false claims, misrepresentation, or which violate antitrust laws will be promptly referred to the...

29 CFR 100.603 - Debts that are covered.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... proceedings. (Regulations concerning the collection of these types of debts are found in 29 CFR Part 102, Subparts U and V.); (2) A debt involving criminal actions of fraud, the presentation of a false claim, or... fraud, false claims, misrepresentation, or which violate antitrust laws will be promptly referred to the...

7 CFR 760.911 - Offsets, assignments, and debt settlement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Offsets, assignments, and debt settlement. 760.911 Section 760.911 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FARM SERVICE AGENCY... § 760.911 Offsets, assignments, and debt settlement. (a) Any payment to any participant will be made...

7 CFR 760.911 - Offsets, assignments, and debt settlement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Offsets, assignments, and debt settlement. 760.911 Section 760.911 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FARM SERVICE AGENCY... § 760.911 Offsets, assignments, and debt settlement. (a) Any payment to any participant will be made...

7 CFR 760.911 - Offsets, assignments, and debt settlement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Offsets, assignments, and debt settlement. 760.911 Section 760.911 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FARM SERVICE AGENCY... § 760.911 Offsets, assignments, and debt settlement. (a) Any payment to any participant will be made...

7 CFR 760.911 - Offsets, assignments, and debt settlement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Offsets, assignments, and debt settlement. 760.911 Section 760.911 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FARM SERVICE AGENCY... § 760.911 Offsets, assignments, and debt settlement. (a) Any payment to any participant will be made...

7 CFR 760.911 - Offsets, assignments, and debt settlement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Offsets, assignments, and debt settlement. 760.911 Section 760.911 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FARM SERVICE AGENCY... § 760.911 Offsets, assignments, and debt settlement. (a) Any payment to any participant will be made...