Preschool Democracy: Ideas from Montessori.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Krogh, Suzanne Lowell

Maria Montessori believed that preschool children were capable of practicing an elementary form of democracy, could direct their own learning and discipline themselves, and were able to thoughtfully control their behavior for the benefit of the group. She believed also that it was necessary to prepare the environment so that democracy would begin…

Environmental democracy in action: The Toxics Release Inventory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lynn, Frances M.; Kartez, Jack D.

1994-07-01

The Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) created by the 1986 Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act initially received limited attention. During the early years of its implementation, the TRI has become the basis for a national experiment in voluntaristic problem solving among citizens and industry, but that process of environmental democracy hinges on citizens' ability to actually acquire, understand, and apply the new data on industrial toxic emissions. A national study of TRI-using organizations in the public and private sectors reveals that effective citizen access depends in part on the efforts of intermediary public interest groups to bridge individual needs and right-to-know data. Although the TRI has had early success as a supplement to conventional command and control regulation, questions exist about the extent to which state and federal government should or must provide special efforts to make environmental information access work for citizens.

Not "Democratic Education" but "Democracy and Education": Reconsidering Dewey's Oft Misunderstood Introduction to the Philosophy of Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Quay, John

2016-01-01

Of enduring interest to philosophers of education is the intimate connection Dewey draws between "Democracy and Education" in this now century-old seminal work. At first glance the connection may appear quite simple, with the two terms commonly combined today as "democratic education". But there is significantly more to Dewey's…

Russia and China: The Impact of Reform and the Prospect of Democracy

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-03-01

contends that in China, reforms have given rise to an evolution of society in the direction of pluralism and diversity thereby providing a context that...rise to new social/economic groups with diverse social interests. The evolutionary nature of China’s transition is creating the political and...workings of the polity and into the habits and values of the masses. The embeddedness of law-based behavior and the depth to which its roots are

Investigating Primary School Teachers' Perception about Democracy through Metaphor Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nasirci, Hasan; Sadik, Fatma

2018-01-01

The aim of this study is to examine democracy perception of classroom teachers via metaphor analysis. Study group for research is formed of 253 classroom teachers. "Democracy Metaphors Questionnaire" (DMQ) has been used in collecting data. Content analysis has been used on analysis of qualitative data of research and descriptive…

Adolescents' Conceptions of Democracy in Central/Eastern Europe and the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Avery, Patricia G.; Levy, Sara A.; Simmons, Annette M. M.; Scarlett, Michael H.

2012-01-01

The term democracy has an overwhelmingly positive connotation for most people (Diamond & Plattner, 2008), yet it is a contested, fluid, and evolving concept that represents many different things to different people. This article presents our analysis of conceptions of democracy among groups of adolescents (n = 2,848, ages 13-19) in the Czech…

Building In Accountability Mechanisms for Democracies & Bureaucracies: From Governmental & Educational Special Interest Operations to High-Quality Performance Systems. An Added Perspective to "What Price Democracy? Politics, Markets and America's Schools" by Dr. Terry Moe and Dr. John Chubb.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Packard, Richard D.

To assure accountability to educational policy developed by elected and appointed leaders, agencies and organizations must adopt high quality evaluation designs tailored to meet three basic tenets: (1) different processes for policy formation and demonstration of accountability; (2) clear accountability expectations built into policies; (3)…

Theoretical underpinnings of state institutionalisation of inclusion and struggles in collective health in Latin America.

PubMed

Mahmood, Qamar; Muntaner, Carles

2018-03-28

Community participation as a strategy in health aims to increase the role of citizens in health decision-making which are contextualised within the institutions of democracy. Electoral representation as the dominant model of democracy globally is based on the elite theory of democracy that sees political decision-making a prerogative of political elites. Such political elitism is counter to the idea of democratic participation. Neoliberalism together with elitism in political sphere have worsened social inequities by undermining working class interests. Latin America has seen adverse consequences of these social inequities. In response, social movements representing collective struggles of organised citizens arose in the region. This paper explores the theoretical underpinnings of democratic participation in contemporary Latin American context at the nexus of emerging social movement activism and policy responses. The paper will use empirical examples to highlight how such democratic practices at the societal level evolved while demanding political inclusion. These societal democratic practices in Latin America are redefining democracy, which continues to be seen in the political sphere only. Health reforms promoting participatory democracy in several Latin American countries have demonstrated that establishing institutions and mechanisms of democratic participation facilitate collective participation by the organised citizenry in state affairs.

Working through a psychotherapy group's political cultures.

PubMed

Ettin, Mark F; Cohen, Bertram D

2003-10-01

Macropolitical evolution, starting with authoritarian monarchism, has moved through anarchistic transitions either to the totalitarianism of fascism and communism or to liberal and social democracy. We posit analogous micropolitical development in process-oriented therapy groups: "dependence" and "counterdependence" corresponding to monarchism and anarchism; and "independence" and "interdependence" to liberal and social democracy, respectively. Transition from counterdependence to independence and interdependence may be: (1) facilitated through group members' cooperative experience of rebellion, or (2) blocked by collective identification, the internalization of dystopian or utopian fantasies that coalesce as "group-self" perceptions. We explore how group therapists work clinically with and through these several "political cultures" in the service of group and self transformation.

Folk beliefs of cultural changes in China

PubMed Central

Xu, Yi; Hamamura, Takeshi

2014-01-01

For the last several decades, Chinese society has experienced transformative changes. How are these changes understood among Chinese people? To examine this question, Part 1 in this research solicited folk beliefs of cultural change from a group of Chinese participants in an open-ended format, and the generated folk beliefs were rated by another group of participants in Part 2 to gage each belief's level of agreement. Part 3 plotted the folk beliefs retained in Part 2 using the Google Ngram Viewer in order to infer the amount of intellectual interests that each belief has received cross-temporarily. These analyses suggested a few themes in Chinese folk beliefs of cultural change (1) rising perceived importance of materialism and individualism in understanding contemporary Chinese culture and Chinese psychology relative to those of the past (2) rising perceived importance of freedom, democracy and human rights and (3) enduring perceived importance of family relations and friendship as well as patriotism. Interestingly, findings from Parts 2 and 3 diverged somewhat, illuminating possible divergence between folk beliefs and intellectual interests especially for issues related to heritage of Confucianism. PMID:25309491

Deliberative democracy in health care: current challenges and future prospects.

PubMed

Safaei, Jalil

2015-01-01

There is a vast body of literature on deliberative, participative, or engaged democracy. In the area of health care there is a rapidly expanding literature on deliberative democracy as embodied in various notions of public engagement, shared decision-making (SDM), patient-centered care, and patient/care provider autonomy over the past few decades. It is useful to review such literature to get a sense of the challenges and prospects of introducing deliberative democracy in health care. This paper reviews the key literature on deliberative democracy and SDM in health care settings with a focus on identifying the main challenges of promoting this approach in health care, and recognizing its progress so far for mapping out its future prospects in the context of advanced countries. Several databases were searched to identify the literature pertinent to the subject of this study. A total of 56 key studies in English were identified and reviewed carefully for indications and evidence of challenges and/or promising avenues of promoting deliberative democracy in health care. Time pressure, lack of financial motivation, entrenched professional interests, informational imbalance, practical feasibility, cost, diversity of decisions, and contextual factors are noted as the main challenges. As for the prospects, greater clarity on conception of public engagement and policy objectives, real commitment of the authorities to public input, documenting evidence of the effectiveness of public involvement, development of patient decision supports, training of health professionals in SDM, and use of multiple and flexible methods of engagement leadership suited to specific contexts are the main findings in the reviewed literature. Seeking deliberative democracy in health care is both challenging and rewarding. The challenges have been more or less identified. However, its prospects are potentially significant. Such prospects are more likely to materialize if deliberative democracy is pursued more systematically in the broader sociopolitical domains.

Deliberative democracy in health care: current challenges and future prospects

PubMed Central

Safaei, Jalil

2015-01-01

Background There is a vast body of literature on deliberative, participative, or engaged democracy. In the area of health care there is a rapidly expanding literature on deliberative democracy as embodied in various notions of public engagement, shared decision-making (SDM), patient-centered care, and patient/care provider autonomy over the past few decades. It is useful to review such literature to get a sense of the challenges and prospects of introducing deliberative democracy in health care. Objective This paper reviews the key literature on deliberative democracy and SDM in health care settings with a focus on identifying the main challenges of promoting this approach in health care, and recognizing its progress so far for mapping out its future prospects in the context of advanced countries. Method Several databases were searched to identify the literature pertinent to the subject of this study. A total of 56 key studies in English were identified and reviewed carefully for indications and evidence of challenges and/or promising avenues of promoting deliberative democracy in health care. Results Time pressure, lack of financial motivation, entrenched professional interests, informational imbalance, practical feasibility, cost, diversity of decisions, and contextual factors are noted as the main challenges. As for the prospects, greater clarity on conception of public engagement and policy objectives, real commitment of the authorities to public input, documenting evidence of the effectiveness of public involvement, development of patient decision supports, training of health professionals in SDM, and use of multiple and flexible methods of engagement leadership suited to specific contexts are the main findings in the reviewed literature. Conclusion Seeking deliberative democracy in health care is both challenging and rewarding. The challenges have been more or less identified. However, its prospects are potentially significant. Such prospects are more likely to materialize if deliberative democracy is pursued more systematically in the broader sociopolitical domains. PMID:29355181

[Marketizing of the State, erosion of democracy and impoverishment of citizenship: global tendencies?].

PubMed

Giffin, Karen Mary

2007-01-01

This article analyses the advance of the neo-liberal regime, in order to contextualise the international formulation of policies focussed on poverty reduction. In recent debates, terms such as 'citizenship' and 'democracy' have been subject to critical scrutiny, revealing changes in the relations between citizens and the State which accompany the hegemony of economic criteria that put financial considerations at the centre of national states. We argue that analyses of such global processes require an ample political economy perspective, capable of illuminating how the substance of democracy and the legitimacy of state authority have been conditioned by the advance of new global entities that represent the interests of capital, favouring the concentration of wealth and the increase of poverty, inequality and exclusion, and installing a state of vital insecurity that affects the majority of the world's population.

Teacher Power and the Struggle for Democracy: An Educational Movement in Malta.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sultana, Ronald G.

1992-01-01

Discusses the formation of a teachers' movement in Malta. Describes organizational goals such as developing participatory democracies in school communities, working as pressure groups to influence educational policy making, and linking humanistic perspectives with a critical theory of schooling. Suggests that change occurs through dramatizing…

Commentary: The Failure of Social Education or Just Going down the Road of Post-Democratic Politics?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Menezes, Isabel

2017-01-01

The paper "American democracy is distress: The failure of social education" presents several "symptoms of democracy's dysfunction in the United States". These include the extreme reliance on campaign contributions, giving the donors--economic elites and groups representing business, frequently operating at a transnational…

The Significance of Dewey's "Democracy and Education" for 21st-Century Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mason, Lance E.

2017-01-01

This paper explores the significance of Dewey's "Democracy and Education" for "21st-century education," a term used by proponents of curricular standardization and digital ubiquity in classrooms. Though these domains have distinct advocacy groups, they often share similar assumptions about the primary purposes of schooling as…

Determining the Level of US Interest

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-06-01

changing world. This mantle of world leadership...plan to convert the rest of the world to democracy. (6) Instead the American people have preferred "self-determination" and have advocated changes in...ideology) may deny a recognition of balancing or inter -related interest from another perspective.(25) Interdependence is easily lost if the

Democratic Visions/Pluralist Critiques: One Essential Conversation for 21st-Century Philosophy of Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Narey, Daniel C.

2012-01-01

Democracy is often theorized as a form of political association grounded in shared meanings, common experiences, and convergent interests among the associated individuals. Because differences and divergences seem to stand in the way of commonality and consensus, the coexistence of a plurality of meanings, experiences, interests, languages,…

Building Civic Education for Democracy in Poland.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Remy, Richard C., Ed.; Strzemieczny, Jacek, Ed.

This book provides a reflective analysis of the effort since 1991 of a group of Polish and U.S. educators to develop civic education programs for schools and teachers in Poland. The book contains 13 chapters and three appendices. Chapters include: (1) "Principles of Democracy for the Education of Citizens in Former Communist Countries of…

Music and Education in Our American Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mones, Leon

2013-01-01

In this article Leon Mones expresses his deep interest in the functional role of music in Western culture and particularly in the system of public education that has been designed to assure the survival and advancement of Western culture and the people who will live within it. In other words, he is interested in music as a dynamic experience in…

Newsroom Democracy: The Case for Independence of the Press. Monograph Series, No. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schwoebel, Jean; Hardt, Hanno, Ed.

Today there is a growing realization among journalists that providing information should be a real service in the public interest, which is free from the domination of private interests, and that there should be structures that guarantee the independence of journalists and the promotion of responsible and responsive journalism. In France, the…

Improving Participation in a Pluralistic Democracy through a Cosmopolitan Approach to Social Studies Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ryter, Di

2012-01-01

Democracy in a pluralistic society depends on individual and group participation. One of the goals of social studies education is to instill a sense of civic efficacy. Some people are able to consistently participate in democratic processes, yet many are not able to because of cultural and societal marginalization. The assimilationist approach to…

Potential Leaders and Democratic Values

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monsma, Stephen V.

1971-01-01

Indicates that potential contenders for public office are likely to be more knowledgeable, interested, and libertarian than the average citizen. Concludes that these differences exist before leaders are elected and that this discrimination is functional in a democracy. (MB)

Democracy Camp for Teachers: Cross-Cultural Professional Development for Preparing Educators to Create Social Justice-Minded Citizens

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burroughs, Susie; Hopper, Peggy F.; Brocato, Kay; Webeck, Mary Lee

2009-01-01

The Civitas Democracy Camp for Teachers provides professional development for educators to collaboratively explore ideals of citizenship and citizenship education in democratic societies. Reported herein are the findings of a study of the camp experience of a cross-cultural group of educators who examined the concept of social justice and ways to…

Enlivening and Broadening Participatory Democracy: Reflections on Youth and Democracy Articles

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fleishman, Jane E.

2007-01-01

Increased voter turnout among youth in recent national elections notwithstanding, youth engagement in political life in the U.S. has been shown to be on the decline in recent years. This trend, as well as relatively low voter turnout in the U.S. among all age groups, makes this collection of articles on youth civic engagement and political…

Can We Rate Public Support for Democracy in a Comparable Way? Cross-National Equivalence of Democratic Attitudes in the World Value Survey

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ariely, Gal; Davidov, Eldad

2011-01-01

In this study we examine the cross-cultural equivalence of two scales that measure attitudes toward democracy across 36 countries in the World Value Survey (WVS) 2000. We examine the equivalence of these scales in order to explore if we can meaningfully compare democratic attitudes across countries. Multiple group confirmatory factor analyses…

Public Education, Public Good.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tomlinson, John

1986-01-01

Criticizes policies which would damage or destroy a public education system. Examines the relationship between government-provided education and democracy. Concludes that privatization of public education would emphasize self-interest and selfishness, further jeopardizing the altruism and civic mindedness necessary for the public good. (JDH)

A Small Exercise in Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lazorishak, Ted

1976-01-01

What can social studies teachers do to try to put some of their teaching into more realistic avenues? A high school teacher undertook a project at the primary and general elections in order to create some student interest in the electoral process. (Author/RK)

Climate change policies: The role of democracy and social cognitive capital.

PubMed

Obydenkova, Anastassia V; Salahodjaev, Raufhon

2017-08-01

The impact of democracy on governments' choice of environmental policies has attracted significant academic attention in recent years. However, less attention has been devoted to the role of the social cognitive capital of the national population. Does society's cognitive capital matter in governmental choice regarding environmental policies, if at all? This study addresses this question through a large-N analysis of 94 countries accounting for the role of both political regimes and social capital in governmental choice of climate change policies. We find that higher social cognitive capital within a democratic state radically increases that state's commitment to adopt environmental policies. More specifically, a 1-point increase in the democracy index is associated with nearly 5 points increase in the adoption of the Climate Laws, Institutions and Measures Index (CLIMI). In a similar vein, a 10 points increase in social cognitive capital is associated with a nearly 16 points increase in CLIMI. The findings presented in this study aim to contribute to the ongoing debate on the impact of democracy and the cognitive capital of society on international environmentalism. The findings will also be interesting for scholars working on the impact of political institutional factors and the role of society in environmental policy choices made at the international level. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Private interests count too: commentary on "Science, democracy, and the right to research".

PubMed

Frankel, Mark S

2009-09-01

Along with concerns about the deleterious effects of politically driven government intervention on science are the intrusion of private sector interests into the conduct of research and the reporting of its results. Scientists are generally unprepared for the challenges posed by private interests seeking to advance their economic, political, or ideological agendas. They must educate and prepare themselves for assaults on scientific freedom, not because it is a legal right, but rather because social progress depends on it.

Inequalities in health by social class dimensions in European countries of different political traditions.

PubMed

Espelt, Albert; Borrell, Carme; Rodríguez-Sanz, Maica; Muntaner, Carles; Pasarín, M Isabel; Benach, Joan; Schaap, Maartje; Kunst, Anton E; Navarro, Vicente

2008-10-01

To compare inequalities in self-perceived health in the population older than 50 years, in 2004, using Wright's social class dimensions, in nine European countries grouped in three political traditions (Social democracy, Christian democracy and Late democracies). Cross-sectional design, including data of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (Sweden, Denmark, Austria, France, Germany, The Netherlands, Spain, Italy and Greece). The population aged from 50 to 74 years was included. Absolute and relative social class dimension inequalities in poor self-reported health and long-term illness were determined for each sex and political tradition. Relative inequalities were assessed by fitting Poisson regression models with robust variance estimators. Absolute and relative health inequalities by social class dimensions are found in the three political traditions, but these differences are more marked in Late democracies and mainly among women. For example the prevalence ratio of poor self-perceived health comparing poorly educated women with highly educated women, was 1.75 (95% CI: 1.39-2.21) in Late democracies and 1.36 (95% CI: 1.21-1.52) in Social democracies. The prevalence differences were 24.2 and 13.7%, respectively. This study is one of the first to show the impact of different political traditions on social class inequalities in health. These results emphasize the need to evaluate the impact of the implementation of public policies.

Civic Professionalism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boyte, Harry C.; Fretz, Eric

2010-01-01

The authors assert that higher education has a significant role to play in the reinvigoration of American democracy, and that narrow specialization of academic interests, technocratic practices and assumptions, and privatizing values throughout colleges and universities limit the ability of higher education to play this role. These dynamics also…

PAC's Americana: The Threat of Political Action Committees.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leach, Jim

1983-01-01

An estimated $80,000,000 of special-interest funds were distributed to candidates in the last Congressional election. A representative democracy accountable to the common concerns of individual citizens cannot be a government where influence is purchasable through substantial campaign contributions. (RM)

Lobbying: What Does It Consist of? Where Does It Fit into Our Process of Government? Grass Roots Guides on Democracy and Practical Politics. Booklet No. 67.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taft, Charles P.; Bennett, Linda L. M.

Background information on lobbying will help secondary and college students and adults develop a clearer understanding of how U.S. democracy works. Discussed are what lobbying is, who the lobbyists are, lobby regulation, and the different kinds of lobbying groups. As an example of the environment within which lobbyists work, lobbying efforts…

Urban sprawl, smart growth, and deliberative democracy.

PubMed

Resnik, David B

2010-10-01

Urban sprawl is an increasingly common feature of the built environment in the United States and other industrialized nations. Although there is considerable evidence that urban sprawl has adverse affects on public health and the environment, policy frameworks designed to combat sprawl-such as smart growth-have proven to be controversial, making implementation difficult. Smart growth has generated considerable controversy because stakeholders affected by urban planning policies have conflicting interests and divergent moral and political viewpoints. In some of these situations, deliberative democracy-an approach to resolving controversial public-policy questions that emphasizes open, deliberative debate among the affected parties as an alternative to voting-would be a fair and effective way to resolve urban-planning issues.

Conrad's Quarrel with Politics in "Nostromo."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schwarz, Daniel R.

1997-01-01

Argues that Joseph Conrad's political novels belie the sweeping and vague rhetoric sometimes used to describe them. States that Conrad, disillusioned with materialism in his political novels, imagines that "industrialism and commercialism" may foster wars between democracies. Contends Conrad's interest is at least divided between a…

In Defense of Teacher Professionalism as a Policy Choice.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sykes, Gary

1991-01-01

Whereas democracy institutionalizes distrust, professionalism relies on trust. Responding to Berbules and Densmore, this article identifies strong normative reasons, grounded in the interests of children, for promoting teacher professionalism. Exorcising the evils of classic professionalism will eliminate neither equity nor quality problems.…

Will lawyering strangle democratic capitalism

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Silberman, L.H.

1978-01-01

Excessive reliance on intervention through the legal process, an expression of governmental power, is seen as a threat to capitalism because the legal process is less responsive to public will. The increasing use of the courts to resolve social and economic issues is partly a result of the complex legislative process. Judges have become more receptive to public-interest issues and have broadened the definition of their jurisdiction. The transference of interests into rights in the public mind eventually leads to authoritarian resolutions and a loss of democracy. The new power of law has attracted talent away from business and intomore » legal services to the detriment of economic growth and vitality. Lawyers benefit from the expansion of the legal process, although they fail to relate the economic ramifications of free access to the courts with the principles of capitalism and democracy. Lawyers are urged to help find a solution to the dilemma before the legal process becomes too unwieldy.« less

Entering the Matrix: The Challenge of Regulating Radical Leveling Technologies

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-01

Source Horizon: 3D Printing,” LinuxInsider, May 28, 2014, http://www.linuxinsider.com/story/ 80519.html; Nozomi Hayase, “ Blockchain Revolution: Open...Source Democracy for the 99%,” openDemocracy UK, August 4, 2014, https://www.opendemocracy.net/ourkingdom/nozomi-hayase/ blockchain -revolution-open...8,000. The funds raised on Kickstarter: $500,000.75 A private technology watchdog, the ETC Group, notified the US Department of Agriculture about

Multimodal Pedagogies in Diverse Classrooms: Representation, Rights and Resources

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stein, Pippa

2012-01-01

Multimodal Pedagogies in Diverse Classrooms examines how the classroom can become a democratic space founded on the integration of different histories, modes of representation, feelings, languages and discourses, and is essential reading for anyone interested in the connection between multimodality, pedagogy, democracy and social justice in…

Common Problems, Different Solutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glenn, Charles L.

2007-01-01

The provision, in most industrialized democracies, of public funding for schools that differ from the state system in religion or pedagogy has the effect of encouraging philosophical diversity and school-level decision making alongside a substantial degree of curriculum alignment and with various forms of government protection for the interests of…

How School Influences Adolescents' Conflict Styles

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roczen, Nina; Abs, Hermann J.; Filsecker, Michael

2017-01-01

The willingness to solve conflicts without violence and to strive for a reconciliation of interests is of central significance for the continued existence of democracies. In this paper, we aim to analyze school-related determinants of adolescents' conflict behaviour. Models predicting the conflict styles of "integrating",…

Dewey, Democracy, and Interdisciplinary Learning: A Scottish Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thorburn, Malcolm

2017-01-01

Interest in progressive education ideas has often been accompanied by advocacy for greater use of interdisciplinary and holistic learning approaches, as these are considered beneficial in conceptual, curriculum, and pedagogical terms. The paper reviews the possibilities for progress on this basis and contextualises the paper around three…

How Are We Doing?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Puddington, Arch

1985-01-01

Reviews Ben Wattenberg's "The Good News Is the Bad News," which is said to present a powerful case for the success of democracy as it has evolved in this country and which considers signs of progress in health, the environment, civil rights, the economy, education, and other areas of the public interest. (KH)

The Legacy of Public Work: Educating for Citizenship.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boyte, Harry C.; Skelton, Nan

1997-01-01

The nation's educational system mirrors the dynamics of our marketplace democracy, recasting parents as self-interested consumers. Jane Addams' philosophy of education (enhancing people's productive capacities to benefit the commonweal) has been revived in Public Achievement, a work-centered, civic-earning program in St.Paul, Minnesota, that helps…

Democratic Schools for a Democratic Society.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hayes, Richard L.

1982-01-01

Charges that education in this democracy is not democratic. Reviews the humanistic trend in education from 1960 to the present. Suggests public schools are charged with the responsibility of preparing students for a future society and, in this interest, should promote more democratic instruction which requries more democratic leadership. (JAC)

Active Citizenship: A Preliminary Study into Student Teacher Understandings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson, Andrew; Knowles, Catherine

2009-01-01

Background: The last two decades have witnessed an increase in interest in education for citizenship in a number of westernised democracies. In England, citizenship education has been a statutory subject within the secondary National Curriculum since August 2002. As a relatively new subject within the curriculum, practice in citizenship education…

The United Nations: Its Role and Place in African Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Muyumba, Francois N.

1994-01-01

Describes the paradoxical relationship between the United Nations and African nations. Asserts that the search for democracy, justice, equity, and education has forced many states to look with interest at the pedagogy of liberation. Discusses what is being taught about the United Nations in African schools. (CFR)

Managing Risk in USAF Force Planning

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

Magnitudes of Damage to U.S. National Interests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xx 2.1. Tree Diagram to Support a Decision to Invest in a New Capability...insurgency (COIN) that it had developed. Europe once again became the top priority for invest- ment. Major new conventional (e.g., F-15, F-16, F-14, M-1...works of interest are John Lewis Gaddis, The Cold War: A New History, New York: Penguin, 2006; and John Prados, Safe for Democracy: The Secret Wars of

Community Engagement for Big Epidemiology: Deliberative Democracy as a Tool

PubMed Central

McWhirter, Rebekah E.; Critchley, Christine R.; Nicol, Dianne; Chalmers, Don; Whitton, Tess; Otlowski, Margaret; Burgess, Michael M.; Dickinson, Joanne L.

2014-01-01

Public trust is critical in any project requiring significant public support, both in monetary terms and to encourage participation. The research community has widely recognized the centrality of public trust, garnered through community consultation, to the success of large-scale epidemiology. This paper examines the potential utility of the deliberative democracy methodology within the public health research setting. A deliberative democracy event was undertaken in Tasmania, Australia, as part of a wider program of community consultation regarding the potential development of a Tasmanian Biobank. Twenty-five Tasmanians of diverse backgrounds participated in two weekends of deliberation; involving elements of information gathering; discussion; identification of issues and formation of group resolutions. Participants demonstrated strong support for a Tasmanian Biobank and their deliberations resulted in specific proposals in relation to consent; privacy; return of results; governance; funding; and, commercialization and benefit sharing. They exhibited a high degree of satisfaction with the event, and confidence in the outcomes. Deliberative democracy methodology is a useful tool for community engagement that addresses some of the limitations of traditional consultation methods. PMID:25563457

John Whitridge Williams' contribution to democracy abroad. (The fetus treated as a patient).

PubMed

Vasicka, A

1999-04-01

The idealism of American pioneers was a driving force in the development of science, democracy, and sociology in the United States. It also served as a model for the development of new democracies abroad. The first American grafted democracy was established in Czechoslovakia in 1918, under Thomas Garrigue Masaryk as President. As a former professor of philosophy, at Charles University in Prague, he built the foundation of Czechoslovakian democracy on the historical principles of Jan Hus' search for the truth (1415), Jan Amos Komensky's use of Science and Humanism (1630), and on the values of American democracy as he conceived it from multiple visits to the United States and from the practical philosophy of his American wife. His major educational means was the use of science. He became a founder of political science. As president he recognized, that democracy, as a state form, does not educate people, they educate themselves through family, school, church, physician and life experience. In the last quarter of the nineteenth century, on the eve of the opening of John Hopkin's University Hospital, a young American scientist by the name John Whitridge Williams came to Prague, Vienna, and other Europeans cities for the purpose of studying scientific obstetrics. He believed in the power of the truth in the power of the truth equally as Masaryk did and used science uncompromisingly in his speciality. He became the founder of American scientific obstetrics. He was shy of political science and ethnic problems. There was no personal connection between Masaryk and Williams. In 1903, John Whitridge Williams published his review of European and American obstetrics: he abolished the craft of obstetrics and worked the science of physiology and pathology into the practice of obstetrics. For Czechoslovaks the political democracy coming out of America through Masaryk was attractive, but of particular interest was native and personal democracy of Americans as a way of life. John Whitridge Williams' book contributed to European families, even though only through obstetricians, the knowledge about American pioneering, optimism, humanism, and a sense of freedom Williams considered the fetus as a patient and thought of education of the physician and patient of equal and fundamental importance: the mother was to participate in the process and the physician to understand the process. He himself understood feto-placental circulation, maternal metabolism, and the need of maternal participation on fetal development. He commanded physicians' respect of the patient and committed the obstetrician to the life long study of his patients. He considered research inseparable from intelligent care, and his book a guide of how and what to study, not a manual of procedures. Williams' greatest contribution to mankind was abolishing the craft of obstetrics and replacing it by sciences that brought to obstetrics humanism, selflessness, and knowledge. He was the first physician in the history of obstetrics who achieved a balance of science and humanism. The second contribution, of equal importance, was his undertaking a scientific review of European and American obstetrics which served the world as a window of the values of America's pioneer civilization. It made obstetrics a scientific discipline, attracted innumerable new students abroad, and through them promoted American democracy in their relations with patients. Williams' impact on European society was considerable. However, subtle at first, it was not included in the literature. He did not participate personally in the establishment of democracy in Czechoslovakia, but strengthened Masaryk's teaching programs through those Czechoslovakian obstetricians who adapted his scientific teachings and made him a model of American democracy as a view on life. Masaryk himself had in his presidential emblem a sign, veritas vincit, and through it, he accomplished twenty years of the most extraordinary democracy in the world.

Possibly Preventing Catastrophes: Hannah Arendt on Democracy, Education and Judging

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monig, Julia Maria

2012-01-01

In this paper, I try to argue why it is worth turning to Hannah Arendt when reflecting on education. I am exploring her political theory in "The Human Condition" which, with the anthropologic category of natality, seems to offer an interesting approach for democratic education. Apparently everyone can participate in politics or even…

Designing Political Institutions for Multi-Ethnic Countries.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glaser, Kurt

Although the American political system is characterized by commitment to democracy and self-determination, the American government has traditionally taken an interest in the political development of other countries. The recent intervention of the U.S. in the political development of Southwest Africa/Namibia is an example. In the body of this paper…

The Feasibility of Localised Strike Action by Educators in Cases of Learner Misconduct

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rossouw, J. P.

2012-01-01

Developments in South African labour legislation since the inception of the new democracy indicate serious attempts by the legislators to protect the interests of employees. The Bill of Rights has, concurrently, enshrined a variety of fundamental rights that, in principle, offer protection in the workplace. Despite this established, protective…

Controversial Texts and Public Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, David L.

Because public schools are designed to serve the widest range of interests and are committed to the ideal of democracy, teachers cannot afford to avoid teaching works or presenting ideas that offend some members of communities. Students need to learn the value of controversy and of the challenges posed by a text. Richard Wright's "Native Son" and…

Spectator Democracy: An Intersectional Analysis of Education Reform in Hamburg, Germany

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bale, Jeff

2016-01-01

This article uses the theoretical framework of intersectionality to analyze a partially failed school reform measure in Hamburg, Germany and the political conflict over it between 2008 and 2010. The analysis focuses on "the extent to which" and the "mechanisms by which" the interests of marginalized members of the proreform…

Neoliberalism, Corporate Culture, and the Promise of Higher Education: The University as a Democratic Public Sphere.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Giroux, Henry A.

2002-01-01

Addresses the corrosive effects of corporate culture on the academy and society, arguing that neoliberal discourses of privatization and commercialization reduce citizenship to self-interest. Maintains that corporate culture ignores social injustices while emphasizing unfettered market forces, threatening understanding of democracy and the meaning…

Social Justice: The Missing Link in School Administrators' Perspectives on Teacher Induction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pinto, Laura Elizabeth; Portelli, John P.; Rottmann, Cindy; Pashby, Karen; Barrett, Sarah Elizabeth; Mujuwamariya, Donatille

2012-01-01

Critical scholars view schooling as one piece of a larger struggle for democracy and social justice. We investigated 41 school administrators' perceptions about the role and importance of equity, diversity and social justice in new teacher induction in the province of Ontario. Interviews reveal that principals were interested in shaping teacher…

Democracy under uncertainty: the wisdom of crowds and the free-rider problem in group decision making.

PubMed

Kameda, Tatsuya; Tsukasaki, Takafumi; Hastie, Reid; Berg, Nathan

2011-01-01

We introduce a game theory model of individual decisions to cooperate by contributing personal resources to group decisions versus by free riding on the contributions of other members. In contrast to most public-goods games that assume group returns are linear in individual contributions, the present model assumes decreasing marginal group production as a function of aggregate individual contributions. This diminishing marginal returns assumption is more realistic and generates starkly different predictions compared to the linear model. One important implication is that, under most conditions, there exist equilibria where some, but not all, members of a group contribute, even with completely self-interested motives. An agent-based simulation confirmed the individual and group advantages of the equilibria in which behavioral asymmetry emerges from a game structure that is a priori perfectly symmetric for all agents (all agents have the same payoff function and action space but take different actions in equilibria). A behavioral experiment demonstrated that cooperators and free riders coexist in a stable manner in groups performing with the nonlinear production function. A collateral result demonstrated that, compared to a dictatorial decision scheme guided by the best member in a group, the majority/plurality decision rules can pool information effectively and produce greater individual net welfare at equilibrium, even if free riding is not sanctioned. This is an original proof that cooperation in ad hoc decision-making groups can be understood in terms of self-interested motivations and that, despite the free-rider problem, majority/plurality decision rules can function robustly as simple, efficient social decision heuristics.

Participatory Democracy, Community Organizing and the Community Assessment of Freeway Exposure and Health (CAFEH) Partnership

PubMed Central

Sprague Martinez, Linda; Reisner, Ellin; Campbell, Maria; Brugge, Doug

2017-01-01

Background: Conflicting interests, power imbalance and relationships characterized by distrust are just a few of the many challenges community–academic research partnerships face. In addition, the time it takes to build relationships is often overlooked, which further complicates matters and can leave well-intentioned individuals re-creating oppressive conditions through inauthentic partnerships. This paper presents a novel approach of using meeting minutes to explore partnership dynamics. The Community Assessment of Freeway Exposure and Health (CAFEH) partnership is used as an illustrative case study to identify how community academic partnerships overcome the challenges associated with community-based participatory research (CBPR). CAFEH is a study of ultrafine particle exposure (UFP) near highways in the Boston, MA area. Methods: Qualitative analysis was applied to meeting minutes and process evaluation reports from the first three years of the CAFEH study (n = 73 files). In addition, a group meeting was held with project partners in order to contextualize the findings from the document analysis. Results: The three most commonly referenced challenges included language barriers, the overall project structure and budgetary constraints. Meanwhile, a heavy emphasis on process and an approach steeped in participatory democracy facilitated CAFEH’s ability to overcome these challenges, as well as sustain and augment strong partnership ties. Conclusions: This experience suggests that leadership that incorporates an organizing approach and a transformational style facilitates CBPR processes and helps teams surmount challenges. PMID:28165418

Participatory Democracy, Community Organizing and the Community Assessment of Freeway Exposure and Health (CAFEH) Partnership.

PubMed

Sprague Martinez, Linda; Reisner, Ellin; Campbell, Maria; Brugge, Doug

2017-02-04

Background: Conflicting interests, power imbalance and relationships characterized by distrust are just a few of the many challenges community-academic research partnerships face. In addition, the time it takes to build relationships is often overlooked, which further complicates matters and can leave well-intentioned individuals re-creating oppressive conditions through inauthentic partnerships. This paper presents a novel approach of using meeting minutes to explore partnership dynamics. The Community Assessment of Freeway Exposure and Health (CAFEH) partnership is used as an illustrative case study to identify how community academic partnerships overcome the challenges associated with community-based participatory research (CBPR). CAFEH is a study of ultrafine particle exposure (UFP) near highways in the Boston, MA area. Methods: Qualitative analysis was applied to meeting minutes and process evaluation reports from the first three years of the CAFEH study ( n = 73 files). In addition, a group meeting was held with project partners in order to contextualize the findings from the document analysis. Results: The three most commonly referenced challenges included language barriers, the overall project structure and budgetary constraints. Meanwhile, a heavy emphasis on process and an approach steeped in participatory democracy facilitated CAFEH's ability to overcome these challenges, as well as sustain and augment strong partnership ties. Conclusions: This experience suggests that leadership that incorporates an organizing approach and a transformational style facilitates CBPR processes and helps teams surmount challenges.

Stock options, tax credits or employment contracts please! The value of deliberative public disagreement about human tissue donation.

PubMed

Walmsley, Heather L

2011-07-01

'Deliberative democracy' is increasingly popular globally, as a means of securing public engagement with emerging health technologies and democratizing their governance. Architects of deliberative 'mini-publics' have tended, however, to privilege consensus within deliberation and the generation of 'action commitments' within a 'decisional context', despite widespread critique. Less attention has been paid to the phenomenon of persistent disagreement within constructed deliberative fora. This paper addresses this lacuna, performing a narrative analysis of four days of deliberation within one small group of demographically diverse public participants at the BC Biobank Deliberation (Vancouver, Canada, 2007). It reveals the value of listening to persistent deliberative disagreements. First, this paper argues that disagreements enable identification of deliberation and evaluation of its quality. Second, they generate insight into the deliberative process and the discursive means through which consensus can be achieved. Third, persistent deliberative disagreements can be creative of innovative governance solutions. In the case of the BC Biobank Deliberation, disagreements about compensation for biobank donors generated a range of suggestions for mediating between donor rights, corporate interests and societal needs--from tissue sample rentals to donor tax credits--suggestions that are unique to the existing academic and policy literature. Finally, this paper argues that practitioners should present persistent disagreements to public and policy audiences as an 'output' of deliberative democracy events. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Cyber Space and Digital Democracy in South Korea

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Jin Ro

2017-03-01

Korea is a very interesting case. Korea shows rapid growth of the Internet users, and largertrade surplus in telecommunication industry with the help of government’s successful information technology policy. And Koreans also made their country more democratic with active participation. This paper analyzed the growth of the Internet and SNS in South Korea. The Internet and SNS created cyber space. They have several advantages as an effective means of communication. Cyber space is influenced by three subjects such as the government [state], the market [capital], and citizens [people]. There are two research questions. First question is how the Korean CMC industry can grow fast after its birth. Three main subjects were dealt with in this research. They are the State, the Market, and the Citizen. I divided the history of Korean CMC industry into three periods. The first formation stage is from the birth of CMC in Korea between from 1980 and1990. The government initiated the monopolistic CMC market. Several conglomerates participated to co-operate the government. But the users are very small. The second growthstage is between from 1990 to 1995. The government also deregulated the Market with changing policy from ‘appointment’ to ‘registration’. The companies increased investment for the possibility of wide diffusion of CMC use. The third prosperity stage is between 1995 and 2010. The government promoted the CMC market’s competition with ‘notice’ policy. And citizens actively enjoy and apply CMC services. However, the fourth shift stage to smart phone faced several problems such as less democracy and one way communication which will weaken the creativity of the content. Second question is what the roles of three subjects are. I examined the cyber space by the uses of digital media with three subjects. Even though the state and the market have limits to promote democracy, the citizens are expected to make the digital society moredemocratic. If the state tries to monitor citizen by the use of digital media, that society is called ‘surveillance society’. As the government is open and transparent, the citizens’ democracy will increase. The market should limit to gather and accumulate peoples’ information and profile for protecting their privacy. Cyber space is a public sphere, which is two-way, economic, and open to every people. Ithas various positive sides. It promotes the communication by people of political information and opinion freely and actively. It makes people form groups against thewrong-doing of big companies and keeps people’s privileges. People buy goods morecheaply via e-commerce, which also helps companies lessen the expenses. However, the cyber space has several negative sides, too. The government and companies can accumulate people’s information and use it for diverse purposes. If the government uses that information to monitor and control people, such a society may become a ‘surveillance society’ threatening democracy as in George Orwell’s ‘1984’. As companies alsotake advantage of big data to sell more products for their profit increase, so people often feel they are captivated by a lot of commercial messages, including much advertising spammail. The more civil society depends on the cyber space, the more it can become fragile and risky. The digital media guarantees neither democracy nor a surveillance society. It’s true that new technology gives us the opportunity to expand democracy. However, if we don’t use new media rightly and positively, we may find it negative or even harmless. Therefore, the positive use of the digital media and keeping our cyber space democratic is very important. With democracy, the Internet and SNS industry can be flourished by the cooperation of netizen, business managers, IT researchers, and politicians.

The Rising Tiger (United States Policy Consideration towards Southeast Asia)

DTIC Science & Technology

1997-01-01

presence in the region, the demise of the Soviet Union, and the fall of communism have produced a new environment for economic growth and political ... stability . It is now the breeding ground for fledgling democracies and flourishing economic activity that can contribute significantly to many U.S. national interests well into the next century.

Theorizing Democratic Education from a Senian Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DeCesare, Tony

2014-01-01

Despite the growing body of literature and general interest in the intersection between the capabilities approach (CA) and education, little work has been done so far to theorize democratic education from a CA perspective. This essay attempts to do so by, first, getting clear about the theory of democracy that has emerged from Amartya Sen's…

If a Tree Falls and Everybody Hears the Sound: Teaching Deep Ecology to Business Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kopnina, Helen

2015-01-01

This article will discuss the role of environmentalism in environmental education (EE) and education for sustainable development (ESD) in the context of ecopedagogy. Ecopedagogy calls for the remaking of capitalist practices and seeks to re-engage democracy to include multispecies interests in the face of our current global ecological crisis. In…

U.S. - African Partnerships: Advancing Common Interests

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-12-01

discussions on: – Governance, institutions, and effective partnerships – Prospects for enhancing economic partnerships – Opportunities and challenges in...U.S. administrations, emphasizing peace and security, countering terrorism, increasing economic growth, and promoting democracy and good governance...often focused on short- term security or economic objectives, while neglecting infrastructure projects and longer term programs that would empower

Aspects of Education for Democratic Citizenship in Post-War Germany

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Phillips, David

2012-01-01

Interest in post-crisis education and concomitantly in education for democracy and citizenship, manifest in a large number of recent initiatives and publications, provides an opportunity to revisit the period of occupation in Germany after the Second World War, when there was concern--at least in the Western Zones--to create an awareness of the…

Democracy in Russia: Trends and Implications for U.S. Interests

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-08-29

homes, and permitting them to be terminated if participants commit undefined “illegal acts.” CRS-19 55 Masha Lipman, Washington Post, July 15, 2006...expression were illegally circumscribed in the run-up to the G-8 summit in Moscow in July 2006. Analyst Masha Lipman reported that “more than 100 people were

Assessing the Nation's Literacy: A State Policy Primer.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Governors' Association, Washington, DC.

This primer is designed to provide a step-by-step guide for state policymakers and state agency officials interested in assessing the literacy skills of the people of their state. Chapter 1 describes the importance of assessing the literacy skills in each state. Literacy is discussed as an economic necessity, a requirement for a healthy democracy,…

Reconceptualizing Media Literacy in the Social Studies: A Pragmatist Critique of the NCSS Position Statement on Media Literacy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mason, Lance; Metzger, Scott Alan

2012-01-01

The National Council for the Social Studies Position Statement on Media Literacy argues that media literacy can facilitate participatory democracy if students' interest in media is harnessed. The statement conceives of media technology as neutral and under-conceptualizes socializing aspects of media technologies that foster atomized individualism.…

Instruction in Journalism in Institutions of Higher Education. Bulletin, 1918, No. 21

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, James Melvin

1918-01-01

Probably the chief advantage which a democracy has over other forms of government and society lies in the fact that it constitutes within itself a great school, stimulating its citizens to the acquisition of information about public affairs and training them in intelligent thinking on all subjects of public-interest. In this school the public…

RESEARCH: Theory in Practice: Applying Participatory Democracy Theory to Public Land Planning

PubMed

Moote; Mcclaran; Chickering

1997-11-01

/ Application of participatory democracy theory to public participation in public land planning, while widely advocated, has not been closely examined. A case study is used here to explicate the application of participatory democracy concepts to public participation in public land planning and decision making. In this case, a Bureau of Land Management resource area manager decided to make a significant shift from the traditional public involvement process to a more participatory method-coordinated resource management (CRM). This case was assessed using document analysis, direct observation of CRM meetings, questionnaires, and interviews of key participants. These sources were used to examine the CRM case using participatory democracy concepts of efficacy, access and representation, continuous participation throughout planning, information exchange and learning, and decision-making authority. The case study suggests that social deliberation in itself does not ensure successful collaboration and that establishing rules of operation and decision making within the group is critical. Furthermore, conflicts between the concept of shared decision-making authority and the public land management agencies' accountability to Congress, the President, and the courts need further consideration.KEY WORDS: Case study; Coordinated resource management; Public participation; Administrative discretion; Representation; Consensus; Collaboration

Power, Democracy--and Democracy in Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Ken

2012-01-01

This article addresses questions of workplace democracy, particularly in relation to school education. Following Luciano Canfora in treating democracy as "the rule of the many", it traces the post-1945 rise of workplace democracy, and its post-1979 decline. Analysing the constitution of contemporary schooling in England, the article…

Democracy in the Balance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edelsky, Carole

2004-01-01

A discussion of democracy is offered that includes historical reactions to the concept, a description of two types of democracy as they appear in the United States contexts. A brief discussion of the contradictions and tensions built into the very core of democracy, and evidence for the corruption of democracy is presented.

The Phenomenology of Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaw, Robert

2009-01-01

Human beings originate votes, and democracy constitutes decisions. This is the essence of democracy. A phenomenological analysis of the vote and of the decision reveals for us the inherent strength of democracy and its deficiencies. Alexis de Tocqueville pioneered this form of enquiry into democracy and produced positive results from it.…

Participatory Democracy in Local School Districts: Fact or Fiction, Boon or Bane?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hatley, Richard V.

1976-01-01

Discusses the viability of participatory democracy and representative democracy for educational decision-making and argues that pure representative democracy would be preferable to the combination of participatory and representative democracy that now predominates. (Available from the Kansas Association of School Boards, 825 Western, Topeka, KS…

78 FR 66027 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-04

...: National Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892..., DEA, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Room 750, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892-2542... applications. Place: National Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD...

76 FR 60849 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-30

... of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892, (Telephone Conference..., National Institutes of Health, Room 753, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892-2542, (301) 594-8898..., Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892, (Telephone Conference Call...

78 FR 41939 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-12

...: National Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, Md 20892 (Telephone..., Dea, Niddk, National Institutes of Health, Room 748, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892-5452... evaluate grant applications. Place: National Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy...

78 FR 12768 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-25

... Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892, (Telephone..., DEA, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Room 754, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892-5452... Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892, (Telephone Conference Call...

Understanding the role of nationalism in "new democracies".

PubMed

Matić, D

1999-06-01

The transition from communism to democracy has raised numerous discussions regarding the nature of postcommunism in Eastern Europe. According to the author, the two main approaches used to explain the collapse of communism--one that claims that resurrected civil society triumphed over totalitarianism, and, the other that avers Eastern Europe's propensity for irrationalism and a political behaviour based on ethnic exclusion and hatred--overlook the unique nature of postcommunism. In order to properly grasp the nature of this phenomena, the author argues that one must first understand the intrinsic nature of Eastern Europe's transformation. To do this requires an analysis of the social structures that drive political change and identifying the social group that is the main bearer of transformation. The author believes that though her analysis focuses primarily on the case of former Yugoslavia, and Croatia in particular, the conclusions she draws from it are also valid for other East European countries: that the nation is regarded as the principal catalyst for political change and that nationalism is the main legitimizing principle of emerging states. This analysis rejects the common view according to which nationalism is casually discounted as an irrational political movement that is fundamentally hostile to democracy and freedom. Quite the contrary. Throughout Eastern Europe nationalism has had a positive role in bringing down communism and creating a space for democracy to take root. Still, tension exists between nationalism and the democracy it spawned. To understand this paradox requires an extensive sociological and historical study of the particular conditions within which a particular community defines the goals of nationalism and the specific content of its main undergirding concepts like nation and state. Identifying the circumstances within which nationalism begins to act as an obstacle to the establishment of full-fledge democracy is key to understanding the political reality of today's Croatia and of many other East European "new democracies". Nationalism works differently in different socio-political conditions--differently in countries that recently achieved independence from countries with a long tradition of sovereign statehood, differently in countries with an underdeveloped or non-existent civil society from those with a strong civil society, differently in countries that are economically prosperous from those that are experiencing economic hardship. All these factors, not nationalism per se, determine the overall prospects for liberal democracy in Eastern Europe.

Democracy and Leadership in Basic Writing Small Groups.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kurth, Lita

Commonly accepted ideas, on the one hand, about how small groups in a writing class should work and, on the other hand, psychological research about what makes a small group work well are not consistent. Social psychologist Clovis Shepherd claims that the "popular notion that the democratic ideal is a group in which all members exert an equal…

Constitutional Democracy vs. Utopian Democracy. Ethics and Public Policy Essay 42.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

English, Raymond

Democracy has always been prone to self-destruction, and it was only after the American Civil War that democracy--or at least constitutional representative government--acquired a respectable reputation. There are two very different types of democracies each with its underlying philosophy, value system, and view of human nature. These are…

Participatory and Dialogue Democracy in U.S. Mathematics Classrooms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mukhopadhyay, Shiuli

2009-01-01

Teaching math to reflect values of democracy has to begin with some consideration of how democracy is conceptualized. A review of various theories of democracy conducted by Hagen (1992) provides everyone with a good starting point as it identifies three primary forms of democracy: competitive, participatory, and dialogue. In this essay, the author…

On Education and the Taste for Democracy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Freire, Paulo

1991-01-01

Argues that it is impossible to teach democracy without living democracy. Shows the need to create the taste for democracy, and the appetite for learning, taking risks, and for appreciating differences. Asserts that teachers are not actually champions of civil rights, freedom and democracy but will be called on to fight for these ideals. (PRA)

Stop, Collaborate, and Listen: Lessons Learned from Collaborating with a Houston Environmental Justice Organization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Johnson, C.; Arellano, Y.; Phartiyal, P.

2016-12-01

Scientists are increasingly showing interest in conducting research at the community level, yet community groups often struggle with lack of access to scientific information. Collaborations between the two are mutually beneficial: scientists can include assessment of societal implications in their research, and community-specific scientific evidence can be used by local groups to inform public decisions that benefit community interests. Recognizing the need for and utility of such partnerships, the Center for Science and Democracy at the Union of Concerned Scientists, a science-based policy and advocacy organization, partnered with Texas Environmental Justice Advocacy Services (TEJAS), an environmental justice organization based in Manchester in Houston, to provide the technical support and resources needed to strengthen TEJAS' advocacy work. Working closely with TEJAS, we connected community members with local experts, developed educational products to inform community members about environmental health risks in their neighborhoods, published a report highlighting chemical safety issues in the community, and assisted in constructing a community survey to assess residents' health concerns. The products were created with the intention of raising the profile of these issues with local government and regional EPA officials. This talk will discuss the projects done in collaboration with TEJAS, as well as important lessons learned that offer insight into best practices for other organizations and technical experts to partner with community groups on local projects.

Hope in Dark Times: Resisting the Threat to Democracy with Union Activism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kahlenburg, Richard D.

2017-01-01

Historically, teachers unions have played a special role in strengthening democratic cultures, and they are urgently called on to do so again. What is needed now more than ever says Kahlenberg, is a "social justice unionism" that goes beyond the narrow self-interest of members in bargaining for better wages and benefits to also engage in…

Pedagogies of the Global: Knowledge in the Human Interest. Cultural Politics & The Promise of Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dirlik, Arif, Ed.

2006-01-01

The essays in this collection address questions raised by a modernity that has become global with the victory of capitalism over its competitors in the late twentieth century. Rather than erase difference by converting all to Euro/American norms of modernity, capitalist modernity as it has gone global has empowered societies once condemned to…

Higher Education as a Matter of National Security: Can a Democracy Plan Ahead?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Skaggs, David

2014-01-01

What is often viewed as the fairly arcane business of determining and administering higher education policy is a matter of great national interest and, actually, a matter of national security. It thus makes a difference for American society in ways you may not have considered. The ability of the United States to protect itself and its interests…

The Promise of Democracy: A Source Book for Use with National Issues Forums.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mathews, David

Town meetings or public forums arranged to discuss issues of interest to citizens are as old as the settling of the United States, and they continue today as part of the democratic system. The Public Agenda Foundation maintains this tradition through a special series of community forums, known as the National Issues Forums (NIF), that annually…

78 FR 21131 - National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-09

... Institutes of Health, 6701 Democracy Blvd., Democracy 1, Room 1084, Bethesda, MD 20892-4874, 301-435-0829...., Democracy 1, Room 1084, Bethesda, MD 20892-4874, 301-435-0829, [email protected] . Name of Committee: National...), National Institutes of Health, 6701 Democracy Blvd., Democracy 1, Room 1084, Bethesda, MD 20892-4874, 301...

Unconventional politics of unconventional gas: Environmental reframing and policy change

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kear, Andrew Robert

The present Rocky Mountain West natural gas boom, enabled by historic pro-resource-development political, institutional, economic, and cultural structures, is a politically contested battle over values. Volatile political action, unconventional coalitions, and unconventional politics engulf this unconventional gas boom -- especially at the state level. In this comparative case study of natural gas policy in Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico, I measure and compare these values, expressed as frames, through textual analysis of interest group public documents and state legislative bills and statutes from 1999-2008. By developing a new measure of state legislative framing, I test the relationship between interest group and institutional framing and also provide a viable measure of policy change useful to Narrative Policy Analysis theory. Results show that competing interest group and state legislative framing efforts are dynamic, measurably different, and periodically correlative. Competing interest groups rarely engage each other, except as the conflict matures when status-quo-supporters break their silence and engage the challengers' frames that have gained legislative traction. Environmental and land-use counter-framing ensues, but status-quo-supporters remain vigilant in their economic framing. Economic frames retain their institutional privilege within Wyoming and New Mexico, but natural gas policy undergoes a complete environmental reframe in the Colorado state legislature. Although the historically dominant economy frame based on "Old West" values remains largely intact, the respective state legislatures partially reframe policy (within 4 years) using environment, alternative land-uses, and democracy frames based on "New West" and long-extant but previously marginalized status-quo-challenger definitions. This reframing is not a strictly partisan issue, but rather it is influenced by political context, policy diffusion, and long-term interest group advocacy and framing efforts. A policy punctuation is observed in state legislative reframing and by the passage of three status-quo-challenging statutes in Wyoming (2005), four in Colorado (2007), and one in New Mexico (2007). Policy reframing, although rare in most policy areas, is common during this natural gas policy punctuation. The politics of successful reframing is the politics of punctuation.

78 FR 25752 - National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-02

..., Two Democracy Plaza, 951, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892, (Virtual Meeting). Contact..., Two Democracy Plaza, Suite 920, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892, (Virtual Meeting...

77 FR 38845 - National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-29

... Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892, (Virtual Meeting). Contact Person: Ruixia Zhou, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Democracy Two Building...

Bioethics and deliberative democracy: five warnings from Hobbes.

PubMed

Trotter, Griffin

2006-06-01

Thomas Hobbes is one of the most ardent and thoroughgoing opponents of participatory democracy among Western political philosophers. Though Hobbes's alternative to participatory democracy-assent by subjects to rule by an absolute sovereign-no longer constitutes a viable political alternative for Westerners, his critique of participatory democracy is a potentially valuable source of insight about its liabilities. This essay elaborates five theses from Hobbes that stand as cogent warnings to those who embrace participatory democracy, especially those (such as most bioethicists) advocating for deliberative democracy based on a rational consensus model. In light of these warnings, the author suggests an alternative, modus vivendi approach to deliberative democracy that would radically alter the current practice of bioethics.

From Deliberative Democracy to Communicative Democracy in the Classroom. A Response to "Education for Deliberative Democracy: A Typology of Classroom Discussions"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weasel, Lisa

2017-01-01

This response to Samuelsson's typology for assessing deliberative democracy in classroom discussions views his analysis through an equity lens. It offers Young's model of communicative democracy as a resource and argues that incorporating that model's emphasis on greeting, rhetoric, and storytelling into the typology can help to promote more…

Shaping drug policy in Poland.

PubMed

Malinowska-Sempruch, Kasia

2016-05-01

Poland, a post-socialist democracy with a high interest in successful integration with the European Union and a strong catholic tradition, currently has some of the most restrictive anti-drug laws in Europe. Structural violence towards drug users has intensified as a result of decades of shifting drug policies and, surprisingly, the more recent process of political and economic liberalization. This commentary considers the contextual and historical dynamics of drug policy-making in Poland. It traces transitions in Poland's drug control policy, throughout Poland's history as a soviet satellite state, under martial law, and in the democracy that it is today. This case study draws on an analysis of interviews with key actors and participant observations in combination with documents and archival records. This paper follows the changes in Poland's drug control policy, throughout Poland's history as a soviet satellite state, under martial law, and in the democracy that it is today. Factors contributing to the enactment of restrictive drug laws have occurred in a highly politicized context during a series of dramatic political transitions. Current drug policies are woefully inadequate for treating those in need of drug treatment and care as well as for preventing HIV and other harms linked to drug injecting. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The emergence of Electronic Democracy as an auxiliary to representational democracy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Noel, R.E.

1994-06-01

Electronic democracy as a system is defined, and the ways in which it may affect current systems of government is addressed. Electronic democracy`s achievements thus far in the United States at the community level are surveyed, and prospects for its expansion to state, national, and international systems are summarized. Central problems of electronic democracy are described, and its feasibility assessed (including safeguards against, and vulnerabilities to sabotage and abuse); the ways in which new and ongoing methods for information dissemination pose risks to current systems of government are discussed. One of electronic democracy`s underlying assumptions is challenged, namely that itsmore » direct, instant polling capability necessarily improves or refines governance. Further support is offered for the assertion that computer systems/networks should be used primarily to educate citizens and enhance awareness of issues, rather than as frameworks for direct decision making.« less

"Democracy Will Not Fall from the Sky." A Comparative Study of Teacher Education Students' Perceptions of Democracy in Two Neo-Liberal Societies: Argentina and Australia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zyngier, David; Traverso, María Delia; Murriello, Adriana

2015-01-01

This paper compares and contrasts pre-service teachers' (PSTs) beliefs about democracy in Argentina and Australia. While there are many important studies of how school students understand democracy and democratic participation, few have studied what teachers, and especially pre-service teachers, think about democracy. This paper uses a mixed…

75 FR 18216 - National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-09

..., Democracy II, 6707 Democracy Blvd, Suite 900, Bethesda, MD 20892. Contact Person: John K. Hayes, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Suite 959, Democracy Two, Bethesda, MD 20892, 301-451...

Democracy under Uncertainty: The Wisdom of Crowds and the Free-Rider Problem in Group Decision Making

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kameda, Tatsuya; Tsukasaki, Takafumi; Hastie, Reid; Berg, Nathan

2011-01-01

We introduce a game theory model of individual decisions to cooperate by contributing personal resources to group decisions versus by free riding on the contributions of other members. In contrast to most public-goods games that assume group returns are linear in individual contributions, the present model assumes decreasing marginal group…

Higher Education's Democratic Imperative

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thomas, Nancy L.; Hartley, Matthew

2010-01-01

Last summer, the Democracy Imperative and the Deliberative Democracy Consortium, two national networks linking academics and deliberative democracy practitioners, hosted a national conference, No Better Time: Promising Opportunities in Deliberative Democracy for Educators and Practitioners ("No Better Time," 2010). Over 250 civic leaders,…

The Front Line: Corruption of Youth or Ignorance in Action?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Unks, Gerald

1981-01-01

The author decries the tactics of one-issue pressure groups seeking to censor sex education and other educational activities. He sees these groups as an anti-intellectual force attacking the free exchange of ideas, which is the major purpose and function of schools in a democracy. (SJL)

Group Identity, Deliberative Democracy and Diversity in Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fraser-Burgess, Sheron

2012-01-01

Democratic deliberation places the burden of self-governance on its citizens to provide mutual justifying reasons (Gutmann & Thompson, 1996). This article concerns the limiting effect that group identity has on the efficacy of democratic deliberation for equality in education. Under conditions of a powerful majority, deliberation can be repressive…

Not all built the same? A comparative study of electoral systems and population health.

PubMed

Patterson, Andrew C

2017-09-01

Much literature depicts a worldwide democratic advantage in population health. However, less research compares health outcomes in the different kinds of democracy or autocracy. In an examination of 179 countries as they existed between 1975 and 2012, advantages in life expectancy and infant health appear most reliably for democracies that include the principle of proportional representation in their electoral rules. Compared to closed autocracies, they had up to 12 or more years of life expectancy on average, 75% less infant mortality, and double the savings in overall mortality for most other age groups. Majoritarian democracies, in contrast, did not experience longitudinal improvements in health relative to closed autocracies. Instead their population health appeared to be on par with or even superseded by competitive autocracies in most models. Findings suggest that the principle of proportional representation may be good for health at the national level. Implications and limitations are discussed. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Two Rivers of Public Education: Why Our Representative Democracy Relies on Both Individualism and Community to Be Delivered through Its Public Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Draayer, Donald

2011-01-01

America is blessed with two river systems that feed and nourish the country by their periodic flooding. One mighty river is "individualism" (the entrepreneurial drive to advance and make a difference). The other river is "community" (wherein communal interests strengthen the whole community over the parts). Monitoring and regulating these two…

The School in Crisis, Crisis in the Memory of School. School, Democracy, and Economic Modernity in France from the Late Middle Ages to the Present Day.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Caspard, Pierre

1998-01-01

Examines the educational system in France, addressing the interests and roles of the family and communals. Evaluates the roles of three major institutional actors that took part in the emergence and organization of the educational systems: (1) the Church; (2) the State; and (3) the industrial bourgeoisie. (CMK)

Confronting the Ghost of Stalin: Euro-Atlantic Efforts to Secure Georgia

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-12-01

power. In evaluating the causes and results of international regimes, Stephen Krasner listed power and self-interest among values and principles as... internal processes of these larger democracies. Through transnational and transgovernmental coalitions, as well as emphasis on shared community values ...Force Academy, 1993 M.S. in International Relations, Troy State University, 2005 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the

Enacting Social Justice Ethically: Individual and Communal Habits. A Response to "Ethics in Teaching for Democracy and Social Justice"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gunzenhauser, Michael G.

2015-01-01

In response to Hytten's provocative opening of a conversation about an ethics for activist teaching, in this essay I address three interesting contributions that Hytten made. First, I explore the significance of the imagined ethical subject in Hytten's example and in many prior authors' work on ethics in social justice teaching. Expanding the…

The New Reality of International Telecommunications Strategy

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-01-01

telecommunications system has accelerated the spread of knowledge . • The capability of competitive nations to develop “leapfrog technologies” in...Commerce. It is a collaborative meeting of engineers, scientists, and academics interested in the general promotion of technical knowledge and the...popular democracy strikes me as unfounded in Chinese history or culture. 7 • Education of Chinese engineers abroad, who then return with new knowledge

The "Convitti Scuola della Rinascita" (The Boarding Schools of Rebirth): An Innovative Pedagogy for Democracy in Post-War Italy (1945-1955)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pruneri, Fabio

2016-01-01

In 1945, Italian society was in crisis. Twenty years of fascism and the aerial bombing and military offensives of the Second World War had left the civilian population suffering and the nation in need of reinvention. In this difficult context, certain anti-fascist intellectuals devised the interesting pedagogical experiment of the 11 Convitti…

Democratizing Energy Access in a Marketized World: The Cases of Costa Rica and Nicaragua

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Colbert, M'Lisa Lee

This thesis explores the experiences, motivations and the imaginary of people who seek to democratize access to energy. Through a survey of the energy democracy movement in Europe and North America and a case study of two participatory and democratically oriented electricity providers in Central America, this thesis examines the differences and similarities between democratizing energy in the Global North and Global South in the context of marketization and the global push to transition to renewable energy. The forces of an expanding global energy economy are increasingly influencing the way that we can access and consume energy in our lives. Local interactions cannot be understood by an isolated analysis without considering the larger structural conditions that implicate them. Today, we are witnessing a global push to transition our energy resources from fossil fuels to renewables due to the emergency of climate change. For the most part, this transition preoccupies itself with changing the technological instruments that source us the energy. Yet few changes are targeting transition from growth focused market-based economic models. Energy Democracy is one new imaginary that people are rallying around to help realize alternatives to drive more equitable and sustainable post-carbon futures. This thesis finds that there are unfounded normative assumptions being made about groups organizing around energy democracy that is causing scatter in the movement. There is an aggressive strand of energy democracy that readily accepts for-profit schemes and risks turning energy democracy into just another space for capital accumulation in the energy sector. This thesis presents two important suggestions for reconciling these problems. Firstly, to look beyond moving the term itself and prioritize connecting on the basis of the underlying principles that define the term. This will ultimately create more meaningful solidarity in the future, and a more grounded and unified movement. Secondly, to increase focus on exploring the experiences and motivations of like-minded groups in the Global South who are heavily implicated by this global energy transition and, necessarily, by any movement that seeks an alternative to it.

Multilingualism and Education for Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Biseth, Heidi

2009-01-01

This essay attempts to show the importance of linguistic issues in education for democracy and the close relationship between democracy and multilingualism. Increasingly nation-states are having to adapt to linguistic diversity within their borders and to recognize that democracy requires the participation of all citizens, including those…

How Terrorism Affects Attitudes toward Democracy: Tunisia in 2015.

PubMed

Andersen, Robert; Brym, Robert

2017-11-01

Tunisia is the only country that emerged from the Arab Spring as a democracy. However, Tunisian democracy is threatened by political divisions, economic problems, and the threat of terrorist attacks. We shed light on Tunisia's democratic prospects by examining (1) the degree to which major terrorist attacks in 2015 influenced Tunisian public opinion on democracy and (2) the extent to which preference for a democratic system affected opinions on the prospects for democracy in Tunisia. We use data from three waves of a nationwide survey conducted just before and just after Tunisia's first major terrorist attack, and just after the country's second major terrorist attack. We demonstrate that after the attacks the Tunisian public became less favourable toward democracy and less optimistic that Tunisia would soon be ready for it. Such scepticism was widespread, affecting people who preferred democracy as much as those who did not. We conclude that the prospects for Tunisian democracy are more precarious than is sometimes assumed. © 2017 Canadian Sociological Association/La Société canadienne de sociologie.

Extending Our Understanding of Lived Experiences. Response to "Seeking Democracy inside and outside of Education"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Broom, Catherine

2017-01-01

This response considers the strengths of Carr and Thesee's 2017 paper in "Democracy & Education" and explores further areas of research related to education for democracy or citizenship education. [For "Seeking Democracy Inside and Outside of Education," see EJ1162605.

The American Dream, Democracy, and Participatory Theory.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wood, George H.

1983-01-01

America has moved from participatory democracy to protective democracy, with political elites making the decisions. The result has been a culturally disenfranchised people abandoning the political system which does not want them. Calls for a return to participatory democracy and citizenship education programs which foster it. (CS)

Democracy in Crisis?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Neill, Brenda

2006-01-01

This article discusses the state of Canadian democracy. Although calling Canadian democracy as something to be in a crisis is still debatable, the author expresses worry over the declining turnout levels in recent elections. Canada--along with a number of other liberal democracies--has experienced a significant and consistent decline in election…

Education for Deliberative Democracy: A Typology of Classroom Discussions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Samuelsson, Martin

2016-01-01

The theory of deliberative democracy places public deliberations at the heart of democracy. In order to participate in democratic deliberations, citizens need certain skills, attitudes, and values. Within the field of education for deliberative democracy, it is assumed that these are learned through participation in democratic deliberation. Thus,…

Re-Thinking Normative Democracy and the Political Economy of Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carr, Paul R.

2010-01-01

Normative thinking around democracy often emphasizes the supremacy of electoral politics, underplaying the salience of education as a defining feature to produce a more meaningful, engaged, inclusive form of democracy. Critical pedagogy can be an extremely useful, illuminating and transformative means and process of deconstructing how democracy is…

Democracy and Education (1894)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parker, Francis W.

2013-01-01

True education is the presentation of the conditions necessary for the evolution of personality into freedom. Democracy is the only form of government under which the methods of freedom can be fostered. The great central principle of democracy is mutual responsibility. Democracy in its essence gives to each individual the liberty of becoming free;…

77 FR 19677 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-02

... Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892 (Telephone Conference..., National Institutes of Health, Room 760, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892-5452, (301) 594-3993... and evaluate grant applications. Place: National Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707...

76 FR 28055 - National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-13

... review and evaluate grant applications. Place: National Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892. Contact Person: Ruixia Zhou, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Democracy Two Building, Suite 957, Bethesda, MD 20892, 301-496-4773, [email protected

78 FR 41941 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-12

... evaluate grant applications. Place: National Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy...., Scientific Review Officer, Review Branch, DEA, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Room 759, 6707 Democracy... review and evaluate grant applications. Place: National Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707...

77 FR 71605 - National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-03

... Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 951, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892, (Telephone Conference Call). Contact Person: Ruixia Zhou, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Democracy Two Building, Suite 957, Bethesda, MD 20892, 301-496-4773, [email protected] . Name of Committee...

78 FR 6126 - National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Notice of Closed Meeting.

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-29

... Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, Suite 920, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892, (Telephone Conference Call). Contact Person: Ruixia Zhou, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Democracy Two Building, Suite 957, Bethesda, MD 20892, 301-496-4773, [email protected] . Dated...

Deliberative Democracy and Adult Civic Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carcasson, Martin; Sprain, Leah

2012-01-01

Adult education programs should turn to the deliberative democracy movement in order to help their communities better address the "wicked problems" they face. The authors contend that due to the "wicked" nature of problems in the diverse democracies, communities must develop and sustain their capacity for deliberative democracy and collaborative…

Democracy and Teacher Education: Setting Priorities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Jesse H.

2009-01-01

As John Dewey noted in his last book, each generation, in its turn, must assume responsibility as caretaker of democracy. He noted that one should never take democracy for granted. Everyone lives in an imperfect democracy, and teacher educators should play their part in protecting, nurturing, and advancing democratic ideals, rituals, values, and…

Lessons and Impressions of the Czech Capital Markets

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-02-13

violently broke up a peaceful pro- democracy demonstration and brutally beat many student participants. In the days that followed, political groups ...united to become the Civic Forum, an umbrella group championing bureaucratic reform and civil liberties. Faced with an overwhelming popular...banks. Belgian KBC Bank acquired ČSOB in 1999 and Erste Group , a leading Austrian financial institution, acquired Ceska Sporitelna in 2000

Atomic-powered democracy: Policy against politics in the quest for American nuclear energy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Williams, R.W.

This dissertation focuses on the relationship of American nuclear energy to democracy. It examines whether the nuclear policy processes have furthered the legitimacy-government accountability and citizen participation-which the democratic institutes are based. Nuclear policy and its institutions have placed severe limitations on democratic practices. Contravened democracy is seen most clearly in the decoupling of policy from politics. Decoupling refers to the weakening of institutional linkages between citizens and government, and to the erosion of the norms that ground liberal democracy. Decoupling is manifested in policy centralization, procedural biases, technical rationality, and the spatial displacement of conflict. Decoupling has normative implications:more » While federal accountability was limited and citizen participation was shackled, other major groups enjoyed privileged access to policy making. The decoupling of nuclear policy from politics arose within the context of US liberal-democratic capitalism. The federal government pursued its own goals of defense and world leadership. Yet, it was not structurally autonomous from the hegemony of the political-economic context. Economically, the Atomic Energy Act did not permit federal agencies to directly invest in power plant construction, and did not authorize them to commercially generate electricity. Private industry was structurally placed to domesticate the atom. Politically, the liberal-democratic system hampered an unquestioning pursuit of atomic energy. Federal institutions have been forced to heed some of the anti-nuclear concerns. The pervasive influence of the US political economy on nuclear policy has come to transgress democracy. Nuclear power's growth faltered during the 1970s. The political and economic constraints on federal actions have limited the means available to revive a becalmed nuclear industry; this has exerted strong pressure on federal institutions to decouple policy from participation.« less

Online Deliberation among Regional Civil Society Groups--The Case of the Caribbean

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thakur, Dhanaraj G.

2010-01-01

Deliberative democracy has been promoted as a way improving legitimacy and political equality in policy debates. This dissertation seeks to understand how deliberation takes place within the intersection of two unique spaces: dialogue among members of regional civil society groups and communication in online fora. The motivation for this research…

An Annotated Bibliography of Materials Designed and Organized for Adult Use in Discussion Groups.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ellison, John W.

This first annotated bibliography of materials designed and organized for adult use in disucssion groups includes both book and nonbook material. Areas dealt with are: art, censorship, change, child guidance, communication, crime, democracy, economics, education, evolution, food, foreign affairs, forgetting, generation gap, gold, good and evil,…

The Public and Public Education: A Cousins Research Group Report on Public Education in Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mathews, David

2016-01-01

This Cousins Research Group report includes two articles by Kettering Foundation president David Mathews that were published previously. "The Public for Public Schools Is Slipping" was first published in "Education Week" in 1995. The second piece, "Putting the Public Back into Public Education: An Old-Fashioned Remedy for…

[Participatory potential and deliberative function: a debate on broadening the scope of democracy through the health councils].

PubMed

Bispo Júnior, José Patrício; Gerschman, Sílvia

2013-01-01

This article reflects upon the relation between democracy and health councils. It seeks to analyze the councils as a space for broadening the scope of democracy. First, some characteristics and principles of the liberal democratic regime are presented, with an emphasis on the minimalist and procedural approach of decision-making. The fragilities of the representative model and the establishment of new relations between the Government and society are then discussed in light of the new social grammar and the complexity of the division between governmental and societal responsibilities. The principles of deliberative democracy and the idea of substantive democracy are subsequently presented. Broadening the scope of democracy is understood not only as the guarantee of civil and political rights, but also especially, of social rights. Lastly, based on discussion of the participation and deliberation categories, the health councils are analyzed as potential mechanisms for broadening the scope of democracy.

Practicing Democracy in the NCLB Elementary Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, Margaret H.

2010-01-01

The practice of teaching democracy in school is diminishing. The implementation of No Child Left Behind (NCLB) has forced teachers to teach to the test, and has required some to follow scripted curriculum, leaving little time or incentive for teaching democracy. This study examines the importance of practicing democracy and identifies ways in…

78 FR 3011 - Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-15

... Health/NCATS, Democracy 1, Room 1082, 6701 Democracy Blvd., Bethesda, MD, (Virtual Meeting). Contact... Blvd., Dem. 1, Room 1082, Bethesda, MD 20892- 4874, 301-435-0811, [email protected] . Name of... applications. Place: National Institutes of Health/NCATS, Democracy 1, Room 1082, 6701 Democracy Blvd...

Toward a ""Paideia" of the Soul": Education to Enrich America's Multicultural Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gibson, Melissa Leigh; Grant, Carl A.

2012-01-01

What role might education play in the reinvigoration of a robust American democracy? We argue that common understandings of democracy, citizenship, and democratic education are too anemic to right the political inequalities and stagnancies that have deadened American democracy. Instead, we look to notions of "paideia" and an educated, enlightened…

Reclaiming Deep Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

James, Adrienne Brant

2010-01-01

The dawn of the 20th century sparked a world-wide movement to apply democracy in schools, courts, and families. Democracy is a cooperative culture which emerged from vast lands of North America at a time when the European continent was locked in hierarchical rule. Democracy was advocated by visionary youth work pioneers who discovered a better…

Content and Process in Education for Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patrick, John J.

2005-01-01

We live in a global era of transcendent democracy. According to recent surveys by Freedom House, most peoples of the world favor democracy over other types of government. A global revival of education for democratic citizenship accompanies the worldwide resurgence of democracy. Diverse peoples in various parts of the world commonly understand that…

Metaphors of Social Studies Teacher Candidates on Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tural, Aysegül

2018-01-01

Democracy is a form of government in which principle of equality is based, human rights and freedoms are protected. In this research, it is aimed to reveal democracy perceptions of social science teacher candidates through metaphors. Towards this aim, 105 social science teacher candidates are consulted about their democracy opinions. Study is a…

Teachers' Constructions of Democracy: Intersections of Western and Indigenous Knowledge in South Africa and Kenya

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kubow, Patricia K.

2007-01-01

In this article, the author aims to explore the roles of knowledge in constructions of democracy. First, she discusses theoretical ways to differentiate among some of the existing perspectives on democracy and citizenship within democratic states. She also examines Western conceptions of democracy and democratic citizenship, which draw…

77 FR 2987 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-20

..., National Institutes of Health, Room 761, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892-5452, (301) 594-4719... Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892, (Telephone Conference Call). Contact Person... Health, Room 756, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892-5452, (301) 594-7682, [email protected

77 FR 31624 - National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-29

... Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Rm. 951, Bethesda, MD 20892, (Telephone Conference Call). Contact Person: Ruixia Zhou, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Democracy Two Building, Suite 957, Bethesda, MD 20892, 301-496-4773, [email protected] . Dated: May 21...

77 FR 31629 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-29

... Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892 (Telephone Conference..., National Institutes of Health, Room 756, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892-5452, (301) 594-7682... 760, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892-5452, (301) 594-3993, [email protected] . Name of...

A Critique of the Rational Individual of Liberal Democracy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

St. Pierre, Elizabeth Adams

The gap between the theory of democracy and its practice is nowhere more evident than in the classroom, where the teachers charged with transmitting democratic values to the next generation of citizens can only repeat democracy's failures. Some people would like to separate liberalism from the concept of democracy, since they believe that the…

Cosmopolitan Democracy: A Restatement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Archibugi, Daniele

2012-01-01

Can democracy be expanded beyond borders? For many years, it was taken for granted that the norms and values of democracy could be applied within the boundaries of a state only. But over the last 20 years, it has been increasingly argued that democracy can also inform international organizations and global politics. This article recapitulates the…

The Effects of Two Simulation Games on the Opinions and Attitudes of Selected Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Grade Students. Report Number 42.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cohen, Karen C.

Simulation games were used as part of a summer program with 76 students who were either not interested or not benefiting from traditional classroom approaches. The Democracy Game and the Consumer Game were played for five days in place of regular English classes. Questionnaires were administered to the students before and after game participation.…

US DOE International energy policy on Russia

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gale, B.G.

1996-04-01

This report describes the importance of the United States Department of Energy`s (US DOE) International Energy Policy to Russia. Key objectives identified include the support of the transition to democracy and a market based economy. The U.S.interests at stake, importance of energy to Russia, key institutional mechanism, energy-policy committee, joint energy activities, and the key to the success of other U.S. policy are discussed.

Democracy and environment as references for quadruple and quintuple helix innovation systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carayannis, Elias G.; Campbell, David F. J.; Orr, Barron J.

2015-04-01

The perspective of democracy and the ecological context define key references for knowledge production and innovation in innovation systems. Particularly under conditions of environmental change where enhancing the potential for adaptation is critical, this requires a closer look at ecological responsibility and sensitivity in the different innovation models and governance regimes. The "Quintuple Helix" innovation model is an approach that stresses the necessary socio-ecological transition of society and economy by adding an environment helix to an innovation system already made up of three (university-industry-government) or four (civil society relations) helices in a way that supports adaptation by incorporating global warming as both a challenge to and a driver of innovation. There is the proposition that knowledge production and innovation co-evolve with democracy (Carayannis and Campbell, 2014). In the Triple Helix model (Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff, 2000) the existence of a democracy does not appear to be necessary for knowledge production and innovation. However, the Quadruple Helix (Carayannis and Campbell, 2009, 2010 and 2014) is defined and represented by additional key attributes and components: "media-based and culture-based public", "civil society" and "arts, artistic research and arts-based innovation" (Bast, Carayannis and Campbell, 2015). Implications of this are that the fourth helix in the Quadruple Helix innovation systems brings in and represents the perspective of "dimension of democracy" or the "context of democracy" for knowledge in general and knowledge production and innovation in more particular. Within theories of democracy there is a competition between narrow and broader concepts of democracy (Campbell, 2013). This is particularly true when democracy is to be understood to transcend more substantially the narrow understanding of being primarily based on or being primarily rooted in government institutions (within a Triple Helix arrangement). Civil society, culture-based public, quality of democracy and sustainable development, however, demonstrate convincingly, what the rationales and requirements are for conceptualizing democracy broader. This appears to be necessary for a sustainable advancement of sustainable development. In a democracy, political pluralism is necessary. Political pluralism in a democracy co-evolves with pluralism, diversity and heterogeneity of knowledge, knowledge production and innovation ("Democracy of Knowledge") (Carayannis and Campbell, 2009). This encourages and drives creativity that furthermore drives innovation (Carayannis and Campbell, 2010). The Quintuple Helix extends the Quadruple Helix by aspects of "natural environments of society and economy", "social ecology" and the "socio-ecological transition" (Carayannis, Barth and Campbell, 2012). The Quintuple Helix re-defines the ecology to a frontier for knowledge production and innovation. The proposition to-be-tested is that this environmental context of society can also be better addressed in a democracy than in non-democracies. If this is the case, then democracy and ecological progress are tied to each other, laying the groundwork for an approach to innovations systems that can increase resilience and enhance the potential for adaptation to environmental change.

Rethinking immigration policy theory beyond 'Western liberal democracies'.

PubMed

Natter, Katharina

2018-01-01

How do political systems shape immigration policy-making? Explicitly or implicitly, comparative politics and migration policy theories suggest a 'regime effect' that links specific dynamics of immigration policy to liberal democracy. The literature's dominant focus on so-called 'Western liberal democracies', however, has left the 'regime effect' largely untested and research on variations and similarities in immigration policymaking across political systems strikingly undertheorized. This paper challenges the theoretical usefulness of essentialist, dichotomous categories such as Western/non-Western or democratic/autocratic and calls for a more nuanced theorizing of immigration policy-making. It proposes a two-dimensional classification of immigration policy theories, distinguishing between 'issue-specific' theories that capture immigration policy processes regardless of the political system in place and 'regime-specific' theories whose insights are tied to the characteristics of a political system. The paper also advances the 'illiberal paradox' hypothesis to explain why illiberal, autocratic states may enact liberal immigration policies. This theoretical expansion beyond the 'Western' and 'liberal' bubble is illustrated by an analysis of immigration policy-making in 21st century Morocco and Tunisia. Showing how domestic and international institutions, interests, and ideas shape immigration policy-making in Morocco's monarchy and Tunisia's democratic transition, the paper investigates the broader role of political systems in immigration politics and herewith seeks to contribute to a more general and global theorization of immigration policies.

Ten major trends now emerging in the United States

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Naisbitt, J.

1978-01-01

Using a special analytical procedure for tracking and assessing events reported in the nation's newspapers, the Center for Policy Process has identified ten emerging trends in the United States that are having a major impact on all our lives and on all businesses and industries--and especially on the electric utility industry. Although the trends may move in contradictory directions and have different degrees of significance, all have been carefully monitored for a considerable length of time. All are firmly established--and are not to be viewed as the momentary interests of certain radical elements of the population. The ten trends are:more » the fast-emerging clash between nuclear fuel and coal as an environmental health issue; displacement of racism and sexism by ''ageism'' as society's most prominent anti-discrimination preoccupation, and the complete elimination soon of mandatory retirement; in government and technology, the phenomenon of ''appropriate scale'' replacing economies of scale, emergence of single-issue political organizations; coming-of-age of the recycling ethic; emergence of ''access to capital'' as the new equity issue--the new rights issue; continuing shift from centralization to decentralization; movement of society in the dual directions of high technology/high touch; business' increasing involvement with the well-established accountability trend; and shift from a representative democracy to a participatory democracy--this profound change in American democracy actually began about a decade or so ago.« less

MEDICAL AND LEGAL ISSUES OF THE DECISIONS RENDERED BY THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS.

PubMed

Chakhvadze, B; Chakhvadze, G

2017-01-01

The European Convention on Human rights is a document that protects human rights and fundamental freedoms of individuals, and the European Court of Human Rights and its case-law makes a convention a powerful instrument to meet the new challenges of modernity and protect the principles of rule of law and democracy. This is important, particularly for young democracies, including Georgia. The more that Georgia is a party to this convention. Article 3 of the convention deals with torture, inhuman and degrading treatment, while article 8 deals with private life, home and correspondence. At the same time, the international practice of the European court of human rights shows that these articles are often used with regard to medical rights. The paper highlights the most recent and interesting cases from the case-law of the ECHR, in which the courts conclusions are based solely on the European Convention on Human Rights. In most instances, the European Court of Human Rights uses the principle of democracy with regard to medical rights. The European court of human rights considers medical rights as moral underpinning rights. Particularly in every occasion, the European Court of Human Rights acknowledges an ethical dimension of these rights. In most instances, it does not matter whether a plaintiff is a free person or prisoner, the European court of human rights make decisions based on fundamental human rights and freedoms of individuals.

The Internet and Democracy: Global Catalyst or Democratic Dud?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Best, Michael L.; Wade, Keegan W.

2009-01-01

In this study, we explore the global effect of the Internet on democracy over the period of 1992 to 2002 by observing the relationships between measures related to democracy and Internet prevalence. Our findings suggest that while Internet usage was not a very powerful predictor of democracy when examining full panel data from 1992 to 2002, it was…

Globalization, democracy, and child health in developing countries.

PubMed

Welander, Anna; Lyttkens, Carl Hampus; Nilsson, Therese

2015-07-01

Good health is crucial for human and economic development. In particular poor health in childhood is of utmost concern since it causes irreversible damage and has implications later in life. Recent research suggests globalization is a strong force affecting adult and child health outcomes. Yet, there is much unexplained variation with respect to the globalization effect on child health, in particular in low- and middle-income countries. One factor that could explain such variation across countries is the quality of democracy. Using panel data for 70 developing countries between 1970 and 2009 this paper disentangles the relationship between globalization, democracy, and child health. Specifically the paper examines how globalization and a country's democratic status and historical experience with democracy, respectively, affect infant mortality. In line with previous research, results suggest that globalization reduces infant mortality and that the level of democracy in a country generally improves child health outcomes. Additionally, democracy matters for the size of the globalization effect on child health. If for example Côte d'Ivoire had been a democracy in the 2000-2009 period, this effect would translate into 1200 fewer infant deaths in an average year compared to the situation without democracy. We also find that nutrition is the most important mediator in the relationship. To conclude, globalization and democracy together associate with better child health in developing countries. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Response to: 'Why medical professionals have no moral claim to conscientious objection accommodation in liberal democracies' by Schuklenk and Smalling.

PubMed

Glick, Shimon M; Jotkowitz, Alan

2017-04-01

The recent essay by Schuklenk and Smalling opposing respect for physicians' conscientious objections to providing patients with medical services that are legally permitted in liberal democracies is based on several erroneous assumptions. Acting in this manner would have serious harmful effects on the ethos of medicine and of bioethics. A much more nuanced and balanced position is critical in order to respect physicians' conscience with minimal damage to patients' rights. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

Psychiatry residents in a milieu participatory democracy: a resident's view.

PubMed

Gersten, D

1978-11-01

Psychiatry residents respond with a variety of coping mechanisms to the lack of traditional structure in a milieu participatory democracy. To incorporate themselves into the system they must accept such democratic ideals as equality among staff and patients, group decision making, and free self-expression and give up some of their traditional ideas about staff and patient roles, treatment modalities, and the therapeutic environment. The author was a first-year resident in psychiatry on a university hospital inpatient therapeutic community; he discusses the conflicts between residents, who often adopt a "we-they" attitude, and the permanent staff, whose protectiveness of the ward community reflects their personal commitment to its ideals.

Internet and Democracy: Is the Internet an Important Predictor for Physical Education Teacher Candidates' Attitudes towards Democracy?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ünlü, Hüseyin

2017-01-01

Today, in the digital age, the Internet usage is common among university students. The Internet is also an important platform for actively participating in democracy. This study explores physical education (PE) candidate teachers' attitudes toward the Internet and democracy. It also explores whether the Internet is an important predictor for…

Democracy and Education: A Theoretical Proposal for the Analysis of Democratic Practices in Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Feu, Jordi; Serra, Carles; Canimas, Joan; Làzaro, Laura; Simó-Gil, Núria

2017-01-01

In the educational sphere, the concept of "democracy" is used in many and varied ways, though the hegemonic school culture often starts from a concept of democracy that is taken for granted, and it is understood that the entire educational community shares a similar concept. As a result of the research project "Democracy,…

Democratisation and its impact on international relations.

PubMed

Akhmedov, K

2000-06-01

Democracy has spread globally, with 65 countries having undergone the democratization process at the end of 1990. This global trend toward democracy is gratifying to peoples everywhere who value freedom; however, it is also shadowed, fragile, and in need of support. A scholarly debate on the future of democratization process contains widely diverging views. One school of thought expects profoundly positive consequences from the spread of democracy; another completely rejects the importance of democracy for international relations. In terms of the advantages of democracy, it is noted that such a regime can modernize economies, improve social conditions, and integrate into the international community. In addition, it does not sponsor terrorism and war, and could be reliable and good partners in international trade and business. Several studies have rejected the idea that democracies are more peaceful than other regimes. Authoritarian regimes and their apologists claim that democracy is economically inefficient, and that in impoverished nations enlightened authoritarianism is a more effective means of generating economic growth. Overall, it could be said that democracy is a vague notion and is subject to wide interpretation. Making a distinction between the two arguments would require a more detailed analysis of regions of the world and some countries with specific peculiarities.

Group Problem Solving as a Different Participatory Approach to Citizenship Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guérin, Laurence

2017-01-01

Purpose: The main goal of this article is to learning define and justify group problem solving as an approach to citizenship education. It is demonstrated that the choice of theoretical framework of democracy has consequences for the chosen learning goals, educational approach and learning activities. The framework used here is an epistemic theory…

Dementia and representative democracy: Exploring challenges and implications for democratic citizenship.

PubMed

Sonnicksen, Jared

2016-05-01

Despite growing recognition of the rights of people with dementia for full citizenship, issues related to democracy, whether from theoretical or practical perspectives, remain neglected. Especially since discourses on dementia have expanded to this rights-based approach, it is imperative to begin to examine the meanings and practices of democracy within a context of dementia. Accordingly, the purpose of this article is to assess implications of dementia in the context of democracy. Rather than surveying the variety of democratic concepts, it will focus the analytical framework on representative democracy and then outline several challenges to and for representative democracy and citizens with dementia. The intention is to begin to identify paths for ensuring representation, inclusion and participation for those who have dementia. © The Author(s) 2016.

JPRS Report, East Europe.

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-11-19

interesting and frequently ironic-sounding, not to say cynical, leader of the League for Democracy, Gjorgi Marjanovic , has been able to retain his rating...Crvenkovski 642.5 V. Tupurkovski 520 J. Andonov 505 P. Gosev 502.5 Lj. Frckovski 452.5 G. Marjanovic 345 J. Miljovski 157.5 A. Popovski 142.5...Andov 9.72% Lj. Georgievski 5.69% A. Popovski 3.12% G. Marjanovic 2.57% Other 5.87% Personality or Party? Personality regardless of party

"To Collect the Wisest Sentiments": Direct Democracy and Representative Government. A Guide for Discussion of Proposals for a National Initiative and Referendum Process.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Merriman, W. Richard, Jr.

Given the role that initiatives and referenda have played in state and local governance, it is interesting that there has never been a national initiative or referendum in the United States. The reason for this is that the Constitution of the United States does not provide for direct citizen initiation of, or direct popular votes on, either…

Deliberative Democracy: A Contested Interactive Space. A Response to "Deliberative Democracy in English Language Education: Cultural and Linguistic Inclusion in the School Community"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

De La Vega, Esperanza

2016-01-01

This is a response to Liggett's (2014) call to implement "deliberate democracy" in English language education classrooms. While the concept of participating in deliberate democracy is a solid ideal and worthy of pursuit, I present questions and scenarios that illustrate the complicated nature of the tasks. By sharing my…

Democratization and life expectancy in Europe, 1960-2008.

PubMed

Mackenbach, Johan P; Hu, Yannan; Looman, Caspar W N

2013-09-01

Over the past five decades, two successive waves of political reform have brought democracy to, first, Spain, Portugal and Greece, and, more recently, Central and Eastern European countries. We assessed whether democratization was associated with improvements in population health, as indicated by life expectancy and cause-specific mortality rates. Data on life expectancy at birth, age-standardized total and cause-specific mortality rates, levels of democracy and potential time-variant confounding variables were collected from harmonized international databanks. In two pooled cross-sectional time-series analyses with country-fixed effects, life expectancy and cause-specific mortality were regressed on measures of current and cumulative democracy, controlling for confounders. A first analysis covered the 1960-1990 period, a second covered the 1987-2008 period. In the 1960-1990 period, current democracy was more strongly associated with higher life expectancy than cumulative democracy. The positive effects of current democracy on total mortality were mediated mainly by lower mortality from heart disease, pneumonia, liver cirrhosis, and suicide. In the 1987-2008 period, however, current democracy was associated with lower, and cumulative democracy with higher life expectancy, particularly among men. The positive effects of cumulative democracy on total mortality were mediated mainly by lower mortality from circulatory diseases, cancer of the breast, and external causes. Current democracy was associated with higher mortality from motor vehicle accidents in both periods, and also with higher mortality from cancer and all external causes in the second. Our results suggest that in Europe during these two periods democratization has had mixed effects. That short-term changes in levels of democracy had positive effects in the first but not in the second period is probably due to the fact that democratization in Central and Eastern Europe was part of a complete system change which caused major societal disruptions. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

[How to build the legitimacy of patient and consumer participation in health issues?].

PubMed

Ghadi, V; Naiditch, M

2006-06-01

Initially introduced by Juppé in 1996, the legislative reforms of January 2nd and March 4th 2002 legally enacted new forms of consumer representation and participation in the development of the health system. However, it appears that while this new role which was created to ensure legitimate participation has been recognised by law in theory, it has not necessarily received the same recognition and incorporation in practice at the grass roots level. As a result, it is now essential to think about practical methods of representation in order to sustain local legitimacy of consumers and patients on the ground and construct it from the bottom-up. The goal of this work was to understand how and under what conditions local legitimacy for health care system consumers, as a particular group of actors, can be effectively built, independently and irrespective of the specific question of elective democratic processes. The foundation of this work is based on material which resides in the collection of data from various local participation experiments that we or other researchers have contributed to establishing in a select group of health care settings. The results of this analysis serve to update a list of principle factors through which the legitimacy of the health care system's users is constructed. Such factors include the following: the promoting agents' expectations vis-à-vis the system's users and the a priori status which is given to them; the identification and selection methods used for choosing users, and the link to the types of users in terms of representation; the nature of the "generalisation" process for decision-making, understood as the process which transforms individuals' words and perspectives into collective ones; and the conditions for and modes of interaction between laypersons and professional experts. Finally, the paper presents the potential conflictive relationship or tension which may exist between representation and legitimacy with regard to the process for building legitimacy. The authors discuss the links between local, direct and elective democracy. The paper describes how effective democratic conditions can be built on the ground (from self-administered legitimacy to externally acknowledged legitimacy). In conclusion the paper succinctly distinguishes the articulation between representative democracy and participatory democracy, and how local processes relying upon direct democracy may be properly linked to the more "classical representative model of democracy".

Evaluating Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dorn, Charles

2005-01-01

Following World War II, a group of American educators was assigned the task of evaluating the U.S. military government's program for reconstructing Germany's educational system. Although issuing a generally positive report, this education mission identified a number of persistent tensions that ultimately undermined America's efforts to…

The Comparative Study of Morals and Democracy and Their Effect on the Behavioral Reflections of Khawaja Nasir Al-Din Tusi and John Dewey

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mirzaei, Khalil; Golestani, Sayyed Hashem; Vaezi, Sayyed Hossain

2016-01-01

This study was aimed at comparatively analyzing morals and democracy from John Dewey and Khawaja Nasir al-Din Tusi's viewpoint. It also sought the effect of the two philosophers' viewpoint about morals and democracy and behavioral reflections. The purpose of this study was also to become familiar with the effect of morals and democracy on…

Democracy is a historical urgency

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Synek, Miroslav

2015-03-01

Survival of humanity, on this planet, may depend, heavily, on coping with advancing technology of nuclear missiles. Let us consider critical alternatives of powerful governments: democracy, as an alternative to dictatorship. Democracy is based on free elections, as a government of the people, by the people and for the people. Democracy is a historical urgency, in the age of inter-continental nuclear missiles, computerized on a push-button, conceivably controllable by a very powerful, miscalculating and/or insane, dictator, capable of producing global nuclear holocaust, on our entire planet. Diplomacy, together with supporting activities, should be utilized, to help, in important steps, at this time, for achieving democracy in critical areas.

Will Robots Save Democracy?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moore, Dan T., Jr.

1981-01-01

Discusses six warning signals of the decline of democracy; ways in which inflation destroys democracy; how electromechanical workers operate; how robots learn; and how robots will become a more important part of our society in years to come. (CT)

75 FR 9910 - National Center for Research Resources; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-04

... applications. Place: 6701 Democracy Blvd., Democracy 1, 1082, Bethesda, MD (Virtual Meeting). Contact Person... Research Resources, Office of Review, 6701 Democracy Blvd, Rm. 1082, Bethesda, MD 20892, 301-435-0811...

Is democracy good for health?

PubMed

Safaei, Jalil

2006-01-01

Studies of health have recognized the influence of socioeconomic position on health outcomes. People with higher socioeconomic ranking, in general, tend to be healthier than those with lower socioeconomic rankings. The effect of political environment on population health has not been adequately researched, however. This study investigates the effect of democracy (or lack thereof) along with socioeconomic factors on population health. It is maintained that democracy may have an impact on health independent of the effects of socioeconomic factors. Such impact is considered as the direct effect of democracy on health. Democracy may also affect population health indirectly by affecting socioeconomic position. To investigate these theoretical links, some broad measures of population health (e.g., mortality rates and life expectancies) are empirically examined across a spectrum of countries categorized as autocratic, incoherent, and democratic polities. The regression findings support the positive influence of democracy on population health. Incoherent polities, however, do not seem to have any significant health advantage over autocratic polities as the reference category. More rigorous tests of the links between democracy and health should await data from multi-country population health surveys that include specific measures of mental and physical morbidity.

Scottish and Slovak University Student Discussions about Stigmatized Persons: A Challenge for Education--Moving towards Democracy and Inclusion

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Plichtová, Jana

2013-01-01

The paper compares discussions in 12 groups of university students (6 Slovak and 6 Scottish) equal in sex and age. The participants discussed the same problem--how to control the spread of HIV/AIDS and respect medical confidentiality (MC). Systematic comparisons revealed striking differences between the two national groups. The Scottish…

Facilitating Democracy in a Testing Culture: Challenges and Opportunities for School Leaders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bergmark, Ulrika; Salopek, Michelle; Kawai, Roi; Lane-Myler, Jennifer

2014-01-01

In 2010, Principal Kirk introduced Small Group Meeting (SGM) at Hillcrest Elementary. SGMs are multiage student groupings who meet with school faculty once a month to work on community building, service-learning projects, and advising. Many teachers liked the SGMs, some felt they needed more time to prepare, and others felt it was a waste of time.…

76 FR 36556 - National Center for Research Resources; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-22

... proposals. Place: National Institutes of Health/NCRR/OR, Democracy 1, 6701 Democracy Blvd., 1064, Bethesda... Democracy Plaza, Room 1064, MSC 4874, Bethesda, MD 20892-4874, 301-435-0812, [email protected] . Name of...

"It Is Like Putting Fire in the Children's Hands": A Comparative Case Study of Pre-Service Teachers' Knowledge of and Beliefs about Education for Democracy in an Established and Emerging Post-Conflict Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lanahan, Brian K.; Phillips, Michele S.

2014-01-01

This report documents and compares two cases of pre-service elementary teachers' beliefs about democracy and education for democracy in the USA and Bosnia and Herzegovina along with contextual factors influencing the similarities and differences among these beliefs. Findings suggest that US pre-service elementary teachers have a self-proclaimed…

Educating for What Kind of Democracy? Examining the Potential of Educating for Participatory Democracy with a Case Study of Drexel University's First-Year Civic Engagement Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bartch, Catherine E. M.

2016-01-01

Youth today are participating in political and civic life in new and emerging ways--some positive and some negative--but there is scant evidence that these new forms of engagement spawn enduring forms of participation to enhance democratization at all levels in society. How, then, do we educate for democracy and for what type of democracy,…

A Brief Survey of Democracy Promotion in U.S. Foreign Policy

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-01

highlight that economic and security concerns both pre-dated active democracy promotion efforts. 2 For its first centennial , the United States was...the troubles of the world. The 1930s brought the Great Depression and the perception that democracy and capitalism might not be such good ideas after...peacetime foreign policy on democracy was somewhat constrained by the Great Depression and World War II. As World War II raged, FDR eloquently

Political economy. On the endogeneity of political preferences: evidence from individual experience with democracy.

PubMed

Fuchs-Schündeln, Nicola; Schündeln, Matthias

2015-03-06

Democracies depend on the support of the general population, but little is known about the determinants of this support. We investigated whether support for democracy increases with the length of time spent under the system and whether preferences are thus affected by the political system. Relying on 380,000 individual-level observations from 104 countries over the years 1994 to 2013, and exploiting individual-level variation within a country and a given year in the length of time spent under democracy, we find evidence that political preferences are endogenous. For new democracies, our findings imply that popular support needs time to develop. For example, the effect of around 8.5 more years of democratic experience corresponds to the difference in support for democracy between primary and secondary education. Copyright © 2015, American Association for the Advancement of Science.

The Rise of Democratic and Authoritarian POST - States: the Case of Indonesia and Malaysia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alatas, Syed Farid

1991-02-01

The theoretical framework of this study on democratic and authoritarian post-colonial states is based on an historical study of the emergence of the dominant class forces that shaped the types of regimes found in Malaysia and Indonesia. Both emerged as democratic post-colonial states. However, in Indonesia the democratic process was suspended altogether and after about a decade of independence, an authoritarian state emerged there. Meanwhile, Malaysia still retains a functioning democratic system. The contrast between Indonesia and Malaysia, then, is an opportunity to study the conditions under which democracy can be sustained in post-colonial states. Three conditions under which democracy can survive in post-colonial states, based on the experience of Malaysia and Indonesia, are (1) the absence of mass resistance against the state, (2) a homogeneous ruling elite, and (3) an internally strong state. The imposition of colonialism upon the precapitalist societies of Malaysia and Indonesia left several classes with competing interests in these countries upon formal independence. It is in the context of this class structure that the three factors of the lack of resistance against the state, homogeneity of the ruling elite, and internal state strength were examined. The presence of these factors leads to democratic outcomes, as in Malaysia, while their absence leads to authoritarian outcomes, as in Indonesia. The significance of this study lies in the fact that there has not been any comparative work done on the state in Malaysia and Indonesia. Furthermore, the few works on the state in the two countries tend to focus on issues not directly related to the question of the origins of the post-colonial state. Democracy in post-colonial states is not to be explained in terms of its emergence because it is a given, having been introduced from without. What needs explanation is how and why democracy persisted in some post-colonial states and gave way to authoritarianism in others. This study has been an effort in this direction.

Education for Democracy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hodder, Janyne M.

1996-01-01

Discusses the problems related to decreased spending for education. Argues in favor of greater accountability for two reasons: policy must be shaped through something other than monetary importance of a given lobby group; and the education debate should be public and democratic, engaging the entire citizenry. (JOW)

Rethinking the National Interest: Putin’s Turn in Russian Foreign Policy

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

the United States, Britain, Russia, France and Germany, but also those of key institutions such as the United Nations, European Union and NATO. One of...the Germans say; “no bourgeoisie , no democracy,” as put by Barrington Moore. The overwhelming role of the state in Russian history had effectively... France by the Algerian War or on the United States by the Vietnam War. Political dissidence was limited to small intellectual circles, as respected as

The Paradox of Power: The United States and Europe After the Cold War

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-01-01

precepts of free market democracy are now championed as ideals by new-found converts on every continent. As we approach the end of the 20th century... market economies will be more effectively achieved through a collaborative partnership with states that possess similar ideals and operate upon the...develop national strategies , we need to recognize the legitimacy of national interests that are not identical to our own. In this context, it is

Blasphemy: How the U.S. Government Practiced a Type of Operational Art to Defend Latin America During the Cold War

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-05-17

in a time where social Darwinism and Mahanian thought dominated a political culture interested in the messianic spreading of republican democracy...their children and appropriating their wives.77 Although these civilizations represent the height of Native American cultural development prior to the...a socio- cultural power structure that regulated pre-Latin American society. As the Spanish and Portuguese began their infamous “conquest” of the

Toward a Virtual Town Square in the Era of Web 2.0

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kavanaugh, Andrea; Perez-Quinones, Manuel A.; Tedesco, John C.; Sanders, William

The use of information and communication technology has been leading to foundational changes in democratic society. In the US, new forms of information distribution, citizen discussion and citizen-to-citizen exchange, including content syndication, tagging, and social software, are changing the ways that citizens access information and participate in democratic discussion with other interested citizens as well as government, especially at the local level. We are interested in how local governments and citizens act as agents of change in the community-wide use of social media (also known as Web 2.0). To what extent and for whom does citizen exchange, discussion and collective decision-making supplement offline communication. What is lost in the migration from direct democracy to digital democracy? There are perils as well as opportunities to civic life with the advent of new forms of interaction. Some traditionally politically active participants in the US, such as the older generation, are often uncomfortable with computers. Has their access or participation declined with the migration to electronic forms of government? Conversely, could young adults become more active in civic life through new forms of online social interaction around local or national issues? We report here on changes in civic awareness, political participation, political and collective efficacy, and knowledge sharing among diverse community members based on a decade of research on the social and political use and impact of community-wide computer networking.

Globalization, pharmaceutical pricing, and South African health policy: managing confrontation with U.S. firms and politicians.

PubMed

Bond, P

1999-01-01

Brewing since the advent of South African democracy in 1994 and promises of health sector transformation, an extraordinary drug war between President Nelson Mandela's African National Congress government and U.S. pharmaceutical manufacturers took on global proportions in 1998-1999. Within months of the passage of South African legislation aimed at lowering drug prices, the U.S. government quickly applied powerful pressure points to repeal a clause allowing potential importation of generic substitutes and imposition of compulsory licensing. At stake were not only local interpretations of patent law and World Trade Organization rules on Trade in Intellectual Property, but international power relations between developing countries and the pharmaceutical industry. In reviewing the ongoing debate, this article considers post-apartheid public health policy, U.S. government pressure to change the law, and pharmaceutical industry interests and links to the U.S. government, and evaluates various kinds of resistance to U.S. corporate and government behavior. The case thus raises--not for the first time--concerns about contemporary imperialism ("globalization"), the role of the profit motive as an incentive in vital pharmaceutical products, and indeed the depth of "democracy" in a country where high-bidding international drug firms have sufficient clout to embarrass Vice President Al Gore by pitting him against the life-and-death interests of millions of consumers of essential drugs in South Africa and other developing countries.

77 FR 59940 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-01

...: National Institutes of Health, One Democracy Plaza, 6701 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892... Branch, DEA, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Room 758, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892... applications. [[Page 59941

Depoliticisation, Resilience and the Herceptin Post-Code Lottery Crisis: Holding Back the Tide

PubMed Central

2015-01-01

Research Highlights and Abstract This article: Covers new empirical terrain in the study of depoliticisation, with an in-depth case study of health technology regulation; Analyses depoliticisation from a novel analytical perspective, examining how depoliticised institutions are resilient to external pressure for politicisation; Posits a distinctive framework for analysing resilience, drawing on cognate literatures on policy networks and agencification; Raises interesting and distinctive questions about the nature of depoliticisation in advanced liberal democracies, arguing it is more contested than commonly acknowledged. Depoliticisation as a concept offers distinctive insights into how governments attempt to relieve political pressures in liberal democracies. Analysis has examined the effects of depoliticisation tactics on the public, but not how those tactics are sustained during moments of political tension. Drawing on policy networks and agencification literatures, this article examines how these tactics are resilient against pressure for politicisation. Using an in-depth case study of the controversial appraisal of cancer drug Herceptin in 2005/6 by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), the article examines how ‘resilient’ NICE was to external politicisation. It is argued that NICE was resilient because it was effectively ‘insulated’ by formal procedures and informal norms of deference to scientific expertise. This mechanism is termed ‘institutional double glazing’. The conclusion suggests developments to the conceptual and methodological framework of depoliticisation, and highlights theoretical insights into the nature of ‘anti-politics’ in contemporary democracies. PMID:27904418

Protect and enhance: Lowi's juridical democracy and the prevention of significant deterioration of air quality

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Meiburg, A.S.

1986-01-01

The capture of Federal regulatory agencies by the groups they were supposed to be regulating has been a topic of concern in the traditional literature of public administration. In his influential book The End of Liberalism, Professor Theordore Lowi suggested that capture resulted in part from vauge delegations of authority of Congress to regulatory agencies. Lowi argued that democracy would be better served if Congress were more specific in drafting laws, if agencies made greater use of formal rulemaking in implementing them, and if the courts rejected statutes which contained excessively vague delegations of authority - a remedy which hemore » labeled juridicial democracy. This dissertation examines Lowi's theory in light of the experience of Congress and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) with the requirements of the Clean Air Act to prevent the significant deterioration of air quality in areas where air was already relatively clean. The history of the program to develop and carry out these requirements, known as PSD, is described in detail from its inception in the late 1960's through EPA's final regulations in 1980. Special attention is given to the actions taken by EPA after environmental groups successfully used the courts to force EPA to develop a PSD program in 1974, how Congress responded by amending the Clean Air Act in 1977, and the difficulties these amendments and subsequent additional court reviews caused for EPA.« less

Government, politics and health policy: A quantitative analysis of 30 European countries.

PubMed

Mackenbach, Johan P; McKee, Martin

2015-10-01

Public health policies are often dependent on political decision-making, but little is known of the impact of different forms of government on countries' health policies. In this exploratory study we studied the association between a wide range of process and outcome indicators of health policy and four groups of political factors (levels of democracy, e.g. voice and accountability; political representation, e.g. voter turnout; distribution of power, e.g. constraints on the executive; and quality of government, e.g. absence of corruption) in contemporary Europe. Data on 15 aspects of government and 18 indicators of health policy as well as on potential confounders were extracted from harmonized international data sources, covering 30 European countries and the years 1990-2010. In a first step, multivariate regression analysis was used to relate cumulative measures of government to indicators of health policy, and in a second step panel regression with country fixed effects was used to relate changes in selected measures of government to changes in indicators of health policy. In multivariate regression analyses, measures of quality of democracy and quality of government had many positive associations with process and outcome indicators of health policy, while measures of distribution of power and political representation had few and inconsistent associations. Associations for quality of democracy were robust against more extensive control for confounding variables, including tests in panel regressions with country fixed effects, but associations for quality of government were not. In this period in Europe, the predominant political influence on health policy has been the rise of levels of democracy in countries in the Central & Eastern part of the region. In contrast to other areas of public policy, health policy does not appear to be strongly influenced by institutional features of democracy determining the distribution of power, nor by aspects of political representation. The effect of quality of government on health policy warrants more study. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Rethinking Canada's Higher Education Policy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Polster, Claire

2002-01-01

Rather than a public good that is freely shared, Canadian university research is increasingly privatized and commercialized and thus rendered accessible only to those who can pay for it. The effects include erosion of collegiality, institutional democracy, curiosity-driven basic research, objectivity, and consideration of disadvantaged groups. All…

Civic Opportunities in Associations: Interpersonal Interaction, Governance Experience and Institutional Relationships

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baggetta, Matthew

2009-01-01

Following Tocqueville, many scholars consider associations "schools of democracy" because members can develop civic capacities within them. This article identifies the distribution of civic development opportunities across civic sectors (e.g., politics, service, recreation), focusing on understudied apolitical groups. New data is…

Redefining Democracy for the Modern State.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rahe, Paul A.

1992-01-01

Draws distinctions between classical and modern concepts of democracy. Contrasts Pythagoras' dislike of factions with Madison's support for economic differentiation and religious toleration. Discusses Aristotle's and Noah Webster's ideas on addressing class tensions. Examines early U.S. theorists' suspicions of direct democracy and support for…

The interprofessional team as a small group.

PubMed

Kane, R A

1975-01-01

Conflicts in interprofessional teamwork may be as much explained by group process considerations as by the interaction of professional roles and statuses. This paper examines the interprofessional team as a small group, using a synthesis of sources from social psychology, social group work, T-group literature, management theory, and health team research. Eight issues are considered in relation to the team as a small group, namely, (a) the individual in the group, (b) team size, (c) group norms, (d) democracy, (e) decision making and conflict resolution, (f) communication and structure, (g) leadership, and (h) group harmony and its relationship to group productivity.

Education for Democracy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bennett, William J.

Democratic ideals are not known instinctively, but must be purposely taught, for an educated, informed citizenry is vital to the well-being of every democracy. The essential assumptions and values of democracy include the principle of inalienable rights, respect for certain institutions such as a representative government, an independent…

Rhetorics of Public Scholarship: Democracy, "Doxa," and the Human Barnyard

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eberly, Rosa A.

2006-01-01

Drawing on ancient and contemporary connections between rhetoric--an art of public deliberation and communication--and democracy, this chapter argues for creating "a common space of public scholarship across and beyond disciplines" to help ensure the future of sustainable publics and participatory democracy.

Cultural democracy: the way forward for primary care of hard to reach New Zealanders.

PubMed

Finau, Sitaleki A; Finau, Eseta

2007-09-01

The use of cultural democracy, the freedom to practice one's culture without fear, as a framework for primary care service provision is essential for improved health service in a multi cultural society like New Zealand. It is an effective approach to attaining health equity for all. Many successful health ventures are ethnic specific and have gone past cultural competency to the practice of cultural democracy. That is, the services are freely taking on the realities of clients without and malice from those of other ethnicities. In New Zealand the scientific health service to improve the health of a multi cultural society are available but there is a need to improve access and utilization by hard to reach New Zealanders. This paper discusses cultural democracy and provide example of how successful health ventures that had embraced cultural democracy were implemented. It suggests that cultural democracy will provide the intellectual impetus and robust philosophy for moving from equality to equity in health service access and utilization. This paper would provide a way forward to improved primary care utilization, efficiency, effectiveness and equitable access especially for the hard to reach populations. use the realities of Pacificans in New Zealand illustrate the use of cultural democracy, and thus equity to address the "inverse care law" of New Zealand. The desire is for primary care providers to take cognizance and use cultural democracy and equity as the basis for the design and practice of primary health care for the hard to reach New Zealanders.

The Three R's of Moral Education: Emile Durkheim Revisited.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bouas, M. Jean

1993-01-01

The 3 Rs approach to moral education translates Durkheim's elements of morality (discipline, group attachment, autonomy) into a framework for schools. School rules, reason, and role models should be implemented in an atmosphere of participatory democracy, respect, reflective thinking, cooperative learning, and parental support. (SK)

Narco-Crime in Mexico: Indication of State Failure or Symptoms of an Emerging Democracy

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-05-21

Estudios sobre la Inseguridad a.c. (IESCI) or The Citizen’s Institute for Insecurity states in Olson’s article, “In terms of security, we are like those...losses have virtually rendered 30 Center for Latin American and Border Studies, “The Mexican Military’s Role in Crime Ridden Border Areas,” ( Las Cruces...executive, these criminal organizations have no interest in national or federal level governance inclusive of the spectrum of essential services required

Social Marketing Lite: Ideas for Folks with Small Budgets and Big Problems. Health, Education, Population, Nutrition, the Environment, Transportation, Democracy-Building, Youth Development, and Elder Care in the U.S. and around the World.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Academy for Educational Development, Washington, DC.

This book is designed for people interested in social marketing and who do not have much money. The book is not a tool kit, or a workbook, or a guide. It is a compilation of articles about issues, themes, definitions, and case studies from social marketing. Many of the articles originally appeared in "Social Marketing Quarterly." They…

United States-Israeli Relations: The Impact on U.S. National Interests

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-06-01

world.16 Jervis goes so far as to describe the Bush foreign policy as “ faith based ,” in that the idea that “more democracies will mean greater...foreign policy.19 According to the Congressional Research Service, “Since 1948, the United States and Israel have developed a close friendship based on... based on oil or markets or strategic location but on shared values?”30 Max Boot declared the working paper to be as foolish as the works of Joe

NATO’s 1979 Dual-Track Decision: National Interests and the Influence of Former Political Leaders of the United States of America and the Federal Republic of Germany

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-05-22

reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services , Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215...Germany contributed fundamentally to the agreement.1 The dual-track decision led to controversial and emotional discussions in the Federal Republic...starting another war. He considered a strong western Social Democracy to be the greatest challenge to Soviet communism . His self-consciousness and

Breaking the Code for Operational Planners: A Comparative Analysis of National Security Strategies Since the End of the Cold War

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-04-04

their continual complaints to their own British brethren have also been ignored: They too have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity ...nations would be more likely to support free trade and democracy, that nations with growing economies and good trade relationships would be more likely to...interests such as a stable Europe, integrating Russia into the world market, strong relationships with allies, and access to space. The chapter

Smoke-free laws and direct democracy initiatives on smoking bans in Germany: a systematic review and quantitative assessment.

PubMed

Kohler, Stefan; Minkner, Philipp

2014-01-03

Germany's 16 states regulate smoking differently within health protection principles laid down in the federal law. All state smoke-free laws in Germany have undergone at least one change since taking effect. We systematically review federal and state laws regulating smoking, as well as petitions, popular initiatives and referenda that aimed at changing statutory smoking bans. Data generated through the systematic review were correlated with state smoking rates. The protection from the dangers of secondhand smoke is the primary motive for smoking bans in Germany. The first smoke-free laws affecting smoking in pubs, restaurants and several other public places were introduced in 2007. In 2008, the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany ruled in a leading decision on the smoke-free laws of two states that some common smoking ban exemptions of the introduced smoke-free laws violate the basic right to freely exercise a profession and mandated revisions. All states but Bavaria and Saarland, whose smoking bans were more and less comprehensive than those judged by the constitutional court, respectively, needed to change the smoking ban exemptions to reconcile their smoke-free laws with the constitution. Direct democracy initiatives to change smoking bans were only successful in Bavaria in 2010, but a total of 15 initiatives by citizens' or interest groups attempted to influence non-smokers protection legislation through direct democratic procedures. Early ratification of a smoking ban in a federal state correlates with a higher reduction in the smoking rate from 2005 to 2009 (Spearman's ρ = 0.51, p = 0.04). The federal government structure and direct democratic participation in smoke-free legislation in Germany has produced a diversity of local smoking bans and exemptions.

Smoke-Free Laws and Direct Democracy Initiatives on Smoking Bans in Germany: A Systematic Review and Quantitative Assessment

PubMed Central

Kohler, Stefan; Minkner, Philipp

2014-01-01

Background: Germany’s 16 states regulate smoking differently within health protection principles laid down in the federal law. All state smoke-free laws in Germany have undergone at least one change since taking effect. Methods: We systematically review federal and state laws regulating smoking, as well as petitions, popular initiatives and referenda that aimed at changing statutory smoking bans. Data generated through the systematic review were correlated with state smoking rates. Results: The protection from the dangers of secondhand smoke is the primary motive for smoking bans in Germany. The first smoke-free laws affecting smoking in pubs, restaurants and several other public places were introduced in 2007. In 2008, the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany ruled in a leading decision on the smoke-free laws of two states that some common smoking ban exemptions of the introduced smoke-free laws violate the basic right to freely exercise a profession and mandated revisions. All states but Bavaria and Saarland, whose smoking bans were more and less comprehensive than those judged by the constitutional court, respectively, needed to change the smoking ban exemptions to reconcile their smoke-free laws with the constitution. Direct democracy initiatives to change smoking bans were only successful in Bavaria in 2010, but a total of 15 initiatives by citizens’ or interest groups attempted to influence non-smokers protection legislation through direct democratic procedures. Early ratification of a smoking ban in a federal state correlates with a higher reduction in the smoking rate from 2005 to 2009 (Spearman’s ρ = 0.51, p = 0.04). Conclusions: The federal government structure and direct democratic participation in smoke-free legislation in Germany has produced a diversity of local smoking bans and exemptions. PMID:24394216

Democracy, Education, and the Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Soder, Roger, Ed.

This book argues that the most basic purpose of America's schools is to teach children the moral and intellectual responsibilities of living and working in a democracy. It contains essays that explore the meaning of democracy and its implications for preparing teachers and teaching students. The book contains a discussion of critical questions…

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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-09

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of...: National Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892... Branch, DEA, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Room 758, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892...

Mathematics Education and Democracy Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Çetin, Ömer Faruk

2015-01-01

Democracy is a most accepted form of government system and has a great importance for citizens by allowing them equal and active participation in common life. As its development and characteristics are important for all citizens of a country, each democratic country puts much emphasis on democracy education in its educational curricula. In recent…

Seeking Common Ground: Deliberative Democracy and Sustainable Communities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hyman, Drew; Clinehens, Brad

Public deliberation, sometimes called deliberative democracy, offers alternatives to what are often adversarial governmental debates and hearings. This paper provides a case example of applying the deliberative democracy process to development issues and an analysis of data comparing the effectiveness of the process for creating a consensus for…

Devouring the Other: Democracy in Music Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gould, Elizabeth

2008-01-01

In this essay, the author builds on Val Plumwood's (1993, p. 192) notion of "devouring the other" to address fundamental problems of social justice and difference in liberal democracies and music education. The problem with liberal democracies is that they assimilate (devour) difference; consensual treatment of its citizens is predicated on the…

Democracy: What It Is, How To Teach It.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ravitch, Diane

The historic events of 1989 changed the political map of the world. Students and workers in China rose up to demand democracy. Democracy bloomed in Chile, Brazil, and other Latin American countries where freely elected governments replaced repressive rulers. Communist dictatorships in Poland, Hungary, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, and Rumania were…

The Pitfalls of a "Democracy Promotion" Project for Women of Iraq

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

El-Kassem, Nadeen

2008-01-01

"Democracy promotion" as part of a larger project of 'reconstruction' is hailed in mainstream academia and in policy circles as an essential component of rebuilding the state and civil society in post-conflict situations. Here "democracy promotion" refers exclusively to the promotion of political representation and…

Continuing the Legacy: Democracy and Education Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jorgensen, Sara; Schwartz, Joni

2012-01-01

The American adult education and literacy movement in the early twentieth century had its roots deep in the study and practice of democracy (Ramdeholl, Giordani, Heaney, Yanow, 2010). From Lindeman, Dewey, Laubach, Horton, to Heaney and Brookfield, a persistent theme is the indispensable relationship between democracy and adult education. For…

Democracy Dies in Dualisms. A Response to "Dewey and Democracy"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sarofian-Butin, Dan

2017-01-01

This essay reviews Atkinson's article "Dewey and Democracy" and argues that while Dewey and the social foundations classroom may indeed be important for teacher preparation, it is not in the way Atkinson suggests. Namely, I argue that Atkinson's essay has three distinct (yet interrelated) issues: his problematic oversimplifications, what…

75 FR 4526 - Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance; Office of Food for Peace...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-28

... AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance; Office of Food for Peace; Announcement of FFP Response to Zimbabwe Country Specific Guidance Comments..., Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance. [FR Doc. 2010-1777 Filed 1-27-10; 8:45 am...

Democracy and Spiritual Awareness: Interconnections and Implications for Educational Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woods, Glenys J.; Woods, Philip A.

2008-01-01

This article sets out theorisations of developmental democracy and spiritual awareness formulated in previous work by the authors. These are used to explore collegial leadership in a case study Steiner school, with the aim of illuminating and illustrating the transformative demands of developmental democracy and its interconnection with spiritual…

Teaching for Democracy in an Age of Corporatocracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sleeter, Christine E.

2008-01-01

Background/Context: A challenge for teachers who support teaching for and about democracy is doing so while being pressed into directives rooted in corporatocracy, a political manifestation of neoliberalism. The accountability movement today, particularly No Child Left Behind, is rooted in much more firmly in corporatocracy than democracy.…

Dewey's Participatory Educational Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Višnovský, Emil; Zolcer, Štefan

2016-01-01

In this essay, Emil Višnovský and Štefan Zolcer outline John Dewey's contribution to democratic theory as presented in his 1916 classic "Democracy and Education." The authors begin with a review of the general context of Dewey's conception of democracy, and then focus on particular democratic ideas and concepts as presented in…

Democratic Schools, Democratic Communities: Reflections in an International Context.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Louis, Karen Seashore

2003-01-01

Explores three philosophies--liberal democracy, social democracy, and participatory democracy--and discusses how they play out in the policy arena in different countries. Because globalization involves the rapid diffusion of educational ideas and policies, there is an increasing mix of new and old ideas in every country. Draws implications for…

Democracy at Risk: How Schools Can Lead.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sorenson, Georgia; Adams, Bruce; Kretman, Kathy Postel; Linsky, Marty; Burns, John S.; Gmelch, Walter H.; Kellerman, Barbara; Rost, Joseph C.

This report describes the Eisenhower Leadership Program, an approach to leadership learning that aims to educate students for democracy. Based on the premise that democracy at risk threatens the fabric of the national culture, the document presents five key elements considered essential for educating students to become democratic leaders. These…

On Democracy and Leadership: From Rhetoric to Reality

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Karagiorgi, Yiasemina

2011-01-01

This paper resembles a personal narrative on leadership and democracy and outlines how an educational leader can conceptualize democratic leadership and take some steps towards transforming theory into practice. The concepts of democracy and democratic schools within the discourse of educational theory and research are briefly discussed. Based on…

The Perennial Trashing of Bourgeois Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berns, Walter

2002-01-01

What began in nineteenth-century Britain as a serious critique of the new liberal democracy became, in twentieth-century America, a contemptuous "bourgeois bashing," almost a way of life for some of campus radicals. But if not American liberal democracy, with all its vulgarity, then what? What's the alternative? Their intellectuals…

Banzhuren and Classrooming: Democracy in the Chinese Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Li, Jiacheng; Chen, Jing

2013-01-01

The issue of education and democracy has become more and more important in China. This paper firstly explains the theory of democracy in Chinese classrooms, and then focuses on the Chinese banzhuren who is responsible for classrooming, an important educational area equal to instruction. We illustrate how Chinese students achieve development…

Dewey versus "Dewey" on Democracy and Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van der Ploeg, Piet

2016-01-01

In the literature on citizenship education, frequent references are made to Dewey. However, educationalists do not always interpret him correctly. To provide some counterbalance, I explain Dewey's views on education and democracy. I base this, not only on "Democracy and Education", but also on 17 articles that Dewey wrote after…

"Democracy and Education": Reconstruction of and through Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Campbell, James

2016-01-01

While focusing on "Democracy and Education," James Campbell attempts in this essay to offer a synthesis of the full range of John Dewey's educational thought. Campbell explores in particular Dewey's understanding of the relationship between democracy and education by considering both his ideas on the reconstruction of education and on…

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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-15

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Czech Democracy and Civic Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bishop, J. Joe

This paper describes and analyzes definitions of democracy and civic education of teachers and students in each of three types of secondary schools in an emerging democracy: the Czech Republic. The paper's theoretical framework is rooted in anthropological and sociological notions of the social context of culture that attend to the fact that all…

Democracy and International Higher Education in China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Onsman, Andrys; Cameron, Jackie

2014-01-01

There is substantial evidence that supports the theory that higher education and democracy are highly correlated. Throughout modern history, students have been at the forefront of democratic movements, including the 1989 pro-democracy uprising in China. Since then, and despite the increased availability of Western-style education within and…

Examination of the New Tech Model as a Holistic Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bradley-Levine, Jill; Mosier, Gina

2017-01-01

Using the Degrees of Democracy Framework (Woods & Woods, 2012), we examined eight New Tech (NT) high schools to determine the extent to which they demonstrated characteristics of holistic democracy. We collected qualitative data, including observations and interviews during the fourth year of implementation. Findings indicated that the eight…

Deliberative Democracy, Participation, and OECD Peer Reviews of Environmental Policies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lehtonen, Markku

2006-01-01

Deliberative democracy has attracted increasing attention in political science and has been suggested as a normative ideal for evaluation. This article analyzes to what extent evaluations carried out in a highly government-driven manner can nevertheless contribute to deliberative democracy. This potential is examined by taking the Organisation for…

Reaching beyond Democracy in Educational Policy Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patel, Leigh

2016-01-01

Educational policy analyses have tended toward either the impact of policies on student achievement or the furthering of progressive ideals, regularly theorized through concepts of democracy. In this theoretical essay, I suggest that democracy has become a vehicle for cauterized projects of individualized and contingent state status rather than…

Comparative Lessons for Democracy: An International Curriculum Development Project.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shinew, Dawn M.; Fischer, John M.

1997-01-01

Describes a project, Comparative Lessons for Democracy, to develop and publish lessons for high school students. Lessons compare institutions and processes of constitutional democracy in the United States and five post-communist countries involved in the Civitas international civic education programs: Latvia, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary,…

Policy evaluation and democracy: Do they fit?

PubMed

Sager, Fritz

2017-08-05

The papers assembled in this special issue shed light on the question of the interrelation between democracy and policy evaluation by discussing research on the use of evaluations in democratic processes. The collection makes a case for a stronger presence of evaluation in democracy beyond expert utilization. Parliamentarians prove to be more aquainted with evaluations than expected and the inclusion of evaluations in policy arguments increases the deliberative quality of democratic campaigns. In sum, evaluation and democracy turn out to be well compatible after all. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Democracy predicts sport and recreation membership: Insights from 52 countries.

PubMed

Balish, Shea M

2017-03-01

Although evidence suggests sport and recreation are powerful contributors to worldwide public health, sizable gender differences persist. It is unknown whether country characteristics moderate gender differences across countries. The primary purpose of this study was to examine if countries' levels of democracy and/or gender inequality moderate gender differences in sport and recreation membership across countries. The secondary purpose was to examine if democracy and/or gender inequality predicts overall rates of sport and recreation membership for both males and females. This study involved a nested cross-sectional design and employed the sixth wave (2013) of the world value survey (n Ss =71,901, n countries =52). Multiple hierarchal nonlinear Bernoulli models tested: (1) if countries' levels of democracy moderate gender differences in sport and recreation membership; and (2) if democracy is associated with increased sport and recreation membership for both males and females. Countries' level of democracy fully moderated gender differences in sport and recreation membership across countries. Moreover, democracy was positively associated with both male and female membership, even when controlling for individual and country-level covariates. Democratic political regimes may confer health benefits via increased levels of sport and recreation membership, especially for females. Future research should test mediating mechanisms. Copyright © 2016 Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Rise of Post-truth Populism in Pluralist Liberal Democracies: Challenges for Health Policy

PubMed Central

Speed, Ewen; Mannion, Russell

2017-01-01

Recent years have witnessed the rise of populism and populist leaders, movements and policies in many pluralist liberal democracies, with Brexit and the election of Trump the two most recent high profile examples of this backlash against established political elites and the institutions that support them. This new populism is underpinned by a post-truth politics which is using social media as a mouthpiece for ‘fake news’ and ‘alternative facts’ with the intention of inciting fear and hatred of ‘the other’ and thereby helping to justify discriminatory health policies for marginalised groups. In this article, we explore what is meant by populism and highlight some of the challenges for health and health policy posed by the new wave of post-truth populism. PMID:28812811

Citizens United, Public Health, and Democracy: The Supreme Court Ruling, Its Implications, and Proposed Action

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

The 2010 US Supreme Court Citizens United v Federal Election Commission 130 US 876 (2010) case concerned the plans of a nonprofit organization to distribute a film about presidential candidate Hillary Clinton. The Court ruled that prohibiting corporate independent expenditures for advocacy advertising during election campaigns unconstitutionally inhibits free speech. Corporations can now make unlimited contributions to election advocacy advertising directly from the corporate treasury. Candidates who favor public health positions may be subjected to corporate opposition advertising. Citizen groups and legislators have proposed remedies to ameliorate the effects of the Court's ruling. The public health field needs to apply its expertise, in collaboration with others, to work to reduce the disproportionate influence of corporate political speech on health policy and democracy. PMID:21421946

Citizens United, public health, and democracy: the Supreme Court ruling, its implications, and proposed action.

PubMed

Wiist, William H

2011-07-01

The 2010 US Supreme Court Citizens United v Federal Election Commission 130 US 876 (2010) case concerned the plans of a nonprofit organization to distribute a film about presidential candidate Hillary Clinton. The Court ruled that prohibiting corporate independent expenditures for advocacy advertising during election campaigns unconstitutionally inhibits free speech. Corporations can now make unlimited contributions to election advocacy advertising directly from the corporate treasury. Candidates who favor public health positions may be subjected to corporate opposition advertising. Citizen groups and legislators have proposed remedies to ameliorate the effects of the Court's ruling. The public health field needs to apply its expertise, in collaboration with others, to work to reduce the disproportionate influence of corporate political speech on health policy and democracy.

Integration without Assimilation? Ethno-Nationalism in Israel and Universal Laicite in France

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Resnik, Julia

2010-01-01

The adoption of multiculturalism and multiethnic views of society seems to be a convergent tendency among Western democracies where population flows are becoming increasingly heterogeneous. However, the established citizenship models and migrant groups' experiences have different impacts on the multicultural discourse in each country. This…

The Cultural Contours of Democracy: Indigenous Epistemologies Informing South African Citizenship

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kubow, Patricia K.; Min, Mina

2016-01-01

Drawing upon the African concept of "ubuntu," this article examines the epistemic orientations toward individual-society relations that inform democratic citizenship and identity in South Africa. Findings from focus group interviews conducted with 50 Xhosa teachers from all seven primary and intermediate schools in a township outside…

Attaining Familyhood through Family Conferencing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Krop, Lois P.; Barry, James T.

Meeting together as a family group for discussion and/or activities is the best way of establishing and maintaining a system of free-flowing, snag-proof family communication. Once a family starts meeting together, a sense of purpose and direction is needed. Adherence to four concepts becomes important: dialogue democracy, reasoned revealing,…

Art in a Democracy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blandy, Doug, Ed.; Congdon, Kristin G., Ed.

Society truly cannot be democratic unless the educational systems function democratically. Art education has a role to play in this process. The perceptions of many different groups in a pluralistic society must be considered in a new multicultural approach to the teaching of art. A "Foreword" (June King McFee) and "Introduction" (Doug Blandy;…

Cooperative Learning versus Competition: Which Is Better?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ediger, Marlow

Most educators advocate cooperative learning in the curriculum. Heterogeneous grouping is also recommended so that students with mixed achievement levels work in a committee setting. Cooperative endeavors stress democracy as a way of life, according to many educators, as compared to competition in the classroom. This paper examines the philosophy…

Closing the Civic Opportunity Gap: The Imperative for Teacher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marri, Anand Reddy

2011-01-01

In teacher education, the key concern must be inequitable civic education, which includes economic education and opportunities available for underserved students. Inequitable civic education opportunities reinforce already-widening disparities between groups of citizens. This bodes ill for democracy and the ability to wrestle with the complex…

US Policy Options Mitigating Venezuelan Sponsored Security Challenges

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-03-12

Marcos Perez Jimenez ousted President Freire. In 1958, a coalition of disenchanted political groups ousted President Jimenez to restore democracy, then...1. 20 Hubert Herring, A History of Latin America from the Beginnings to the Present, 3rd (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1972), 523. 21 Harold A

Democracy and Education in Pakistan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nazir, Muhammad

2010-01-01

This paper explores the potential for democratic change in educational practice in Pakistan. Using focus group discussions in urban and rural areas of Sindh and Balochistan, it builds up a picture of educational practices from policy-making to implementation level and identifies the barriers to democratic approaches in education. It suggests that…

Project Basic Instructional Guide: Volume III, Citizenship.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maryland State Dept. of Education, Baltimore.

A series of elementary and secondary school learning activities which correlate to citizenship education goals of the Maryland State Board of Education are presented. The five goals are to understand individual and group responsibilities in a democracy, know the functions of law and support a system of justice, value individual, societal, and…

Activities toward Understanding Mexico's Transition to Democracy. Fulbright-Hays Summer Seminar Abroad 1996 (Mexico).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dombrowski, Teresa Turnbow

This unit for high school social studies and Spanish language students deals with Mexico's transition toward democracy. Lesson activities include: (1) "What Is An Early Democratic Family Incident That You Remember?"; (2) "What is Democracy?"; (3) "Locating the Five Nations of Mexico"; (4) "Scenes from the Five…

Scientific Argumentation and Deliberative Democracy: An Incompatible Mix in School Science?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Erduran, Sibel; Kaya, Ebru

2016-01-01

The article investigates how deliberative democracy is related to argumentation in school science. We use examples of political models of deliberative democracy to synthesize implications for argumentation in science teaching and learning. Some key questions guided our approach: How does democratic deliberation work and how does it relate to…

Reading Democracy and Education in the Context of World War I

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fallace, Thomas

2017-01-01

In this historical study, the author offers a reading of Dewey's "Democracy and Education" in the context of the two other books Dewey published the year before, German "Philosophy and Politics" and his coauthored "Schools of To-morrow." Having published three books in two years, "Democracy and Education"…

Thoughts on Teacher Education and Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bullough, Robert V., Jr.

2009-01-01

Studying democracy, and doing so critically, while striving to live it presents a peculiar and special charge to public education. As John Goodlad suggested, for teacher educators and in-service educators, this charge brings with it a responsibility to stand as stewards of public education and, hence, the most noble traditions of democracy in…

"A Liberation of Powers": Agency and Education for Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boyte, Harry C.; Finders, Margaret J.

2016-01-01

In this essay Harry Boyte and Margaret Finders argue that addressing the "shrinkage" of education and democracy requires acting politically to reclaim and augment Deweyan agency-focused concepts of democracy and education. Looking at agency from the vantage of civic studies, which advances a politics of agency--a citizen politics that is…

The Case for Representative Democracy: What Americans Should Know about Their Legislatures.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosenthal, Alan; Kurtz, Karl T.; Hibbing, John; Loomis, Burdett

This guide is a revised and adapted version of a previous monograph, "A New Public Perspective on Representative Democracy: A Guide for Legislative Interns." The guide focuses on civic perspective: how citizens view the political institutions, processes, and people that are fundamental to representative democracy in the United States. It…

Music Education and Deliberative Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bladh, Stephan; Heimonen, Marja

2007-01-01

In this paper, the authors discuss the influence of democracy and law on music education in Sweden and Finland, and the potential for music education as training in democracy. The latter consideration can be instructive regardless of the nation, or its laws and paradigms of music education. The theoretical background is based on Jurgen Habermas'…

Enhancing Life Satisfaction by Government Accountability in China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cheung, Chau-kiu; Leung, Kwan-kwok

2007-01-01

Finding the rationale for democracy requires not merely a conceptual task but also an empirical study. One rationale is that democracy maximizes people's happiness by satisfying everyone. A further qualification of this is that democracy minimizes the maximum regret of the disadvantaged. This is compatible with the protection theory of government,…

Psycho-Semantics of Management Constructs: Expression of Democracy among Schoolteachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saparnis, Gintaras

2006-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to disclose the psycho-semantics of the opinions held by school educators in Lithuania on the expression of democracy in education management. Methodology: A non-standardized questionnaire asked teachers the open-ended question: "Are there any manifestations of democracy in your school? If yes (or…

Critical Thinking and Education for Democracy. Resource Publication Series 4 No. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weinstein, Mark

A discussion of literature in critical thinking and education for democracy promotes critical thinking as one of the most reasonable educational tools to prepare students for participation in a democracy. The theories of Amy Gutmann, Jurgen Habermas, and Matthew Lipman offer insights into the various approaches to critical thinking and education…

75 FR 51749 - Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance Office of Food for Peace Announcement...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-23

... AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance Office of Food for Peace Announcement of Draft Request for Applications for Title II Non-Emergency Food... Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance. [FR Doc. 2010-20874 Filed 8-20-10; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE P ...

What Does Democracy Mean? Correlates of Adolescents' Views

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flanagan, Constance A.; Gallay, Leslie S.; Gill, Sukhdeep; Gallay, Erin; Nti, Naana

2005-01-01

The open-ended responses of 701 7th to 12th graders to the question "What does democracy mean to you?" were analyzed. In logistic regressions, age, parental education, political discussions, and participation in extracurricular activities distinguished youth who could define democracy (53%) from those who could not. Case clustering revealed three…

Making Space for Civil Society: Institutional Reforms and Local Democracy in Brazil

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baiocchi, Gianpaolo; Heller, Patrick; Silva, Marcelo Kunrath

2008-01-01

This paper contributes to the growing body of research on participatory democracy and the literature on associational democracy by exploring the impact that institutional reforms have on local-level configurations of civil society. In the 1980s a wide range of participatory experiments were initiated in Brazil, most notably Participatory Budgeting…

Improving School Governance through Participative Democracy and the Law

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smit, Marius H.; Oosthuizen, Izak J.

2011-01-01

There is an inextricable link between democracy, education and the law. After 15 years of constitutional democracy, the alarming percentage of dysfunctional schools raises questions about the efficacy of the system of local school governance. We report on the findings of quantitative and qualitative research on the democratisation of schools and…

The Critique of Deliberative Discussion. A Response to "Education for Deliberative Democracy: A Typology of Classroom Discussions"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Backer, David I.

2017-01-01

My response to Samuelsson's (2016) recent essay offers a different paradigm with which to think about education, deliberative discussion and democracy. I call this paradigm the critique of deliberative discussion. Following Ruitenberg's application of Mouffe's critiques of deliberative democracy to education, the critique of deliberative…

Globalization, Democracy, and Social Movements: The Educational Potential of Activism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hytten, Kathy

2016-01-01

In this essay, I explore the contemporary value of John Dewey's conception of democracy to addressing the challenges of neoliberal globalization. I begin by describing his vision of democracy as a way of life that requires habits of experimentalism, pluralism, and hope. I then suggest that contemporary forms of mobilization, resistance, and…

A Democracy of All Learners: Ethical Rationality and the Affective Roots of Democratic Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woods, Philip A.

2006-01-01

This article contends that it is important for educational leaders to understand and reown the historical roots of modern democracy. In particular, it highlights a foundational human capacity for shared ethical insight which characterizes the rich conception of democracy that can be traced in this historical development. Implications for…

Active Learning: Positive Impact for Schools and Democratic Society.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Powell, Larry E.

The concept of active learning is analyzed in terms of its place in the democratic school. Defined is the meaning of an effective democracy and active learning. The relationship of participation to democracy is analyzed in terms of effectiveness. Ownership and empowerment are the keys to participatory democracy. Several educators' philosophies are…

The Contradiction in the "Prevent Duty": Democracy vs "British Values"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolton, Suke

2017-01-01

The duty to monitor "the failure to uphold British Values" in the "Prevent" strategy, introduced in the Counter-Terrorism and Security Act 2015, is itself an attack on British democracy. This article explains the contradictory nature of the "Prevent Duty." First, the current state of democracy in Britain is examined…

Dewey's Ethical Justification for Public Deliberation Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shook, John

2013-01-01

Interpretations of John Dewey's political theory grasp his respect for public deliberation, but typically overlook his ethical justification for democracy. Dewey gave two primary reasons why democracy is superior to other forms of government. First, a public educated in the tools of social intelligence can be more effective at managing their…

The Paramount Importance of Experience and Situations in Dewey's "Democracy and Education"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hildebrand, David L.

2016-01-01

In this essay, David Hildebrand connects "Democracy and Education" to Dewey's wider corpus. Hildebrand argues that "Democracy and Education's" central objective is to offer a practical and philosophical answer to the question, What is needed to live a meaningful life, and how can education contribute? He argues, further, that…

Elementary Students' Metaphors for Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dundar, Hakan

2012-01-01

The purpose of the research was to reveal elementary 8th grade students' opinions concerning democracy with the aid of metaphors. The students were asked to produce metaphors about the concept of democracy. 140 students from 3 public schools in Ankara (Turkey) participated in the research. 55% of the students were females and 45% were males. The…

75 FR 4526 - Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance; Office of Food for Peace...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-28

... AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance; Office of Food for Peace; Announcement of FFP Guidance for FY2010 Title II Proposals for Emergency Relief... Peace, Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance. [FR Doc. 2010-1776 Filed 1-27-10; 8...

Demanding Epistemic Democracy and Indirect Civics Pedagogy: The Performance-Oriented Music Ensemble

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pyrcz, Greg; MacLean, Tessa; Hopkins, Mark

2017-01-01

The participation of young adults in performance-oriented music ensembles can be seen to enhance democratic capacities and virtues. Much, however, turns on the particular conception of democracy at work. Although contemporary currents in music education tend towards models of liberal and participatory democracy to govern music ensembles, this…

Degrees of School Democracy: A Holistic Framework

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woods, Philip A.; Woods, Glenys J.

2012-01-01

This article outlines an analytical framework that enables analysis of degrees of democracy in a school or other organizational setting. It is founded in a holistic conception of democracy, which is a model of working together that aspires to truth, goodness, and meaning and the participation of all. We suggest that the analytical framework can be…

What Future Teachers Believe about Democracy and Why It Is Important

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zyngier, David

2016-01-01

This paper analyses pre-service education student perceptions and perspectives related to education for democracy in Australia. Using a critical pedagogical framework datum from an online survey, it presents both quantitative and qualitative responses of contrasting understandings of democracy. It begins by outlining the concepts of thick and thin…

Artistic Constitutions of the Civil Domain: On Art, Education and Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gielen, Pascal

2017-01-01

How can we understand the relationship between art, education and democracy in the contemporary Western political condition? The recent presidential elections in the USA showed that the classical model of liberal representative democracy is shaking on its foundations. The question is how can artists and education respond to this political…

Is It Culture or Democracy? The Impact of Democracy and Culture on Happiness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dorn, David; Fischer, Justina A. V.; Kirchgassner, Gebhard; Sousa-Poza, Alfonso

2007-01-01

We analyze the relation between democracy and perceived subjective well-being while controlling for other relevant determinants such as culture measured by languages. We conduct a cross-national analysis covering 28 countries using data from the 1998 International Social Survey Programme. Contrasting existing empirical evidence, we observe a…

Experiencing Democracy through Neoliberalism: The Role of Social Justice in Democratic Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carr, Paul

2007-01-01

This paper reports on research involving American College of Education students in relation to their impressions of, reactions to, and engagement with democracy. Four themes are explored: the conceptualization of democracy; the democratic educational experience of teachers; the concern about teaching controversial issues; and the understanding of,…

Does sociability predict civic involvement and political participation?

PubMed

Foschi, Renato; Lauriola, Marco

2014-02-01

In contemporary history as well as in political science, a strong associational life known as sociability is thought to explain the roots of modern democracy by establishing a link between the increasing availability of free time to the middle classes, increasing willingness to gather with others in circles or associations, and increasing social capital. In personality psychology, sociability is related to prosocial behavior (i.e., the need for affiliation, agreeableness, openness, and extraversion), whose importance in different political behaviors is increasingly recognized. In the present article, we carried out 5 studies (N = 1,429) that showed that political and associative sociability (a) can be reliably assessed, can have cross-cultural validity, and are properly associated with general social interest measures and personality domains and facets in the five-factor model; (b) do not overlap with similar concepts used in political psychology to account for political participation (political expertise, political interest, political self-efficacy); and (c) predicted political and nonpolitical group membership as well as observable choices in decision-making tasks with political and nonpolitical outcomes. The results are discussed, taking into consideration the extent to which specific facets of sociability can mediate between general personality traits and measures of civic involvement and political participation in a holistic model of political behavior. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved.

Data Democracy and Decision Making: Enhancing the Use and Value of Geospatial Data and Scientific Information

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shapiro, C. D.

2014-12-01

Data democracy is a concept that has great relevance to the use and value of geospatial data and scientific information. Data democracy describes a world in which data and information are widely and broadly accessible, understandable, and useable. The concept operationalizes the public good nature of scientific information and provides a framework for increasing benefits from its use. Data democracy encompasses efforts to increase accessibility to geospatial data and to expand participation in its collection, analysis, and application. These two pillars are analogous to demand and supply relationships. Improved accessibility, or demand, includes increased knowledge about geospatial data and low barriers to retrieval and use. Expanded participation, or supply, encompasses a broader community involved in developing geospatial data and scientific information. This pillar of data democracy is characterized by methods such as citizen science or crowd sourcing.A framework is developed for advancing the use of data democracy. This includes efforts to assess the societal benefits (economic and social) of scientific information. This knowledge is critical to continued monitoring of the effectiveness of data democracy implementation and of potential impact on the use and value of scientific information. The framework also includes an assessment of opportunities for advancing data democracy both on the supply and demand sides. These opportunities include relatively inexpensive efforts to reduce barriers to use as well as the identification of situations in which participation can be expanded in scientific efforts to enhance the breadth of involvement as well as expanding participation to non-traditional communities. This framework provides an initial perspective on ways to expand the "scientific community" of data users and providers. It also describes a way forward for enhancing the societal benefits from geospatial data and scientific information. As a result, data democracy not only provides benefits to a greater population, it enhances the value of science.

Car Talk: Ethnic And Religious Identity In The Central African Republic

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-12-01

Republic and Democracy (APRD) began conducting raids on army positions. Ange-Felix Patassé controlled the APRD from his exile in Togo and the group was...Séléka forces razed villages to the ground. As it became apparent Djotodia could not or would not control the Séléka even more groups took up the Séléka...largest groups , the Rassemblement Patriotique pour le Renouveau de la Centrafrique (RPRC), the Front Populaire pour la Reniasance de la Centrafrique

Development of the American Democracy Transnational Social Movement. Strategic Insights v4 n5 May 2005

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-05-01

increases."[5] In addition to this pacifying influence, democracies are better at providing for their citizens’ needs. Amartya Sen , the recipient of the...Russett and John Oneal, Triangulating Peace (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc, 2001), 275. 6. Amartya Sen , "Democracy as a Universal Value" The

Understanding Indian Insurgencies: Implications for Counterinsurgency Operations in the Third World

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-02-01

Democracy, Amartya Sen pointed out how “a country does not have to be judged to be fit for democracy, rather it has to become fit through democracy...stage, has taken refuge in territory outside the contested area (e.g., Lenin in France and Austria, Sun Yat- Sen in Japan, Fidel Castro in Mexico, Che

3 CFR 8485 - Proclamation 8485 of March 24, 2010. Greek Independence Day: A National Day of Celebration of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Independence Day: A National Day of Celebration of Greek and American Democracy, 2010 8485 Proclamation 8485... National Day of Celebration of Greek and American Democracy, 2010By the President of the United States of... America's forebears to enshrine the pre-eminent idea of democracy in our Nation's founding documents...

Charter Schools as Nation Builders: Democracy Prep and Civic Education. Policy Brief 4

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lautzenheiser, Daniel; Kelly, Andrew P.

2013-01-01

This policy brief is the first in a series of in-depth case studies exploring how top-performing charter schools have incorporated civic learning in their school curriculum and school culture. This paper introduces Democracy Prep, a network of seven public charter schools with a civic mission at its core. Democracy Prep's founder and…

Re-Thinking Dewey's Democracy: Shifting from a Process of Participation to an Institution of Association

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stone, Lynda

2016-01-01

Dewey's definition of democracy from "Democracy and Education" (1916) is analysed and rethought through a path exploring a shift from a conception of participation as a process to one of association as an institution. Contributions to this pathway among others come from political philosophy and educational philosophy. The rationale for…

American Democracy in Distress: The Failure of Social Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Neumann, Richard

2017-01-01

The primary purpose of this essay is to further understanding of the relationship between social education programs in public schools in the United States and the health of its democracy. A secondary purpose is to encourage reflection on the condition of democracy in other countries and the adequacy of social education programs in these countries…

77 FR 18897 - Greek Independence Day: A National Day of Celebration of Greek and American Democracy, 2012

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-28

... Independence Day: A National Day of Celebration of Greek and American Democracy, 2012 By the President of the United States of America A Proclamation Two hundred and thirty-six years ago, a new American Nation was... ancient Hellas, where Greeks brought forth the world's first democracy and kindled a philosophical...

Deweyan Democracy in a Globalized World

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hytten, Kathy

2009-01-01

Drawing primarily on the work of John Dewey, Kathy Hytten argues that rethinking democracy can help us to respond more productively to the challenges of globalization. Dewey maintained that democracy is much more than a political system; instead it is a personal way of life, a mode of associated living, and a moral ideal. Yet this is not the…

Against Fundamentalism, for Democracy: Towards a Pedagogy of Tolerance in Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Badley, Graham

2005-01-01

Fundamentalism and democracy are presented as opposing forces in a world in conflict. Fundamentalism is described both as a threat to democracy itself and also to supposedly democratic institutions such as the university. First, fundamentalism is defined in its various guises: Christian, Islamic and economic. Each of these forms is pernicious in…

Immigrant Students' Development of Musical Agency--Exploring Democracy in Music Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Karlsen, Sidsel; Westerlund, Heidi

2010-01-01

In this article, we argue that the musical schooling of immigrant students could be seen as forming a healthy test for any educational context in terms of how democracy is enacted. We engage in a discussion linking music education, agency, pluralism and democracy. In our theoretical reconstruction of multicultural music education we first make a…

Evaluation of Human Rights, Citizenship and Democracy Course by Teacher's Vision

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sahan, Gülsün; Tural, Aysegül

2018-01-01

Human Rights, Citizenship and Democracy Course draws attention to with topics such as human rights, effective citizenship. In terms of content, it has an important place in contemporary education concept. It is thought that the Human Rights, Citizenship and Democracy course will benefit the social structure because of its content and the outputs…

For Democracy's Sake: Foundations and Democracy Assistance in Central Europe. Woodrow Wilson Center Special Studies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Quigley, Kevin F. F.

Assisting democracy has become a major concern of the international community since the end of the Cold War. Private actors--foundations and other nongovernmental organizations--are playing a growing role in these efforts, rivaling those of governments and international institutions. The study reported in this book examined foundations' democracy…

Seeking Democracy Inside, and Outside, of Education: Re-Conceptualizing Perceptions and Experiences Related to Democracy and Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carr, Paul R.; Thésée, Gina

2017-01-01

This conceptual article underscores the importance of critical engagement in and through education with a view to enhancing education for democracy (EfD). As a centerpiece to illustrating this connection, we refer to our research project, which engages international actors through an analysis of the perceptions, experiences and perspectives of…

What Text Have You Successfully Used to Reveal One or More of the Many Voices of Democracy?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

English Journal, 2005

2005-01-01

Three English teachers from the US have described about the texts they have used to expose their students to exercise their voices in a participatory democracy. The English teachers have used films like Sojourner Truth, Avalon, and Erin Brockovich to teach students the importance of voice of democracy.

Student Civic Engagement and For-Profit Higher Education: Public Policies and Private Goods

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Avakian, Seth David

2014-01-01

Democracy is the practice of self-rule; its citizens actively participate in governance. Who teaches participative democracy, what is taught, and how it is taught are significant determinants of how democracy functions. In the United States, the two core justifications for the public subsidy of higher education are that it prepares citizens for…

The Evaluation of the Student Teachers' Attitudes toward Internet and Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oral, Behcet

2008-01-01

The aims of this study are to find out (1) how student teachers' attitudes toward Internet affect their attitudes toward democracy, (2) how student teachers' attitudes toward democracy are in terms of their purpose of using Internet and (3) benefits provided by the Internet. The research is carried out in Ziya Gokalp Education Faculty at Dicle…

Anarchist, Neoliberal, & Democratic Decision-Making: Deepening the Joy in Learning and Teaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Briscoe, Felecia M.

2012-01-01

Using a critical postmodern framework, this article analyzes the relationship of the decision-making processes of anarchism and neoliberalism to that of deep democracy. Anarchist processes are found to share common core principals with deep democracy; but neoliberal processes are found to be antithetical to deep democracy. To increase the joy in…

On Collapse and the Next U.S. Democracy: Elements of Applied Systemic Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tanaka, Greg

2015-01-01

While concern has been growing in recent years about the structural precursors to economic collapse in the United States, and a parallel decline in democracy, few have asked: (1) what moral and cultural foundations might be necessary as building blocks to launch a democratic renewal and (2) whether a different and "deep" democracy might…

People's High Schools in Scandinavia: A Contribution to Democracy?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Knutas, Agneta

2013-01-01

In times of global influence, compulsory education in the Nordic countries has promoted democracy as choice since the 1990s, as enhancing an individual good. Supporting education for democracy is a matter that concerns the world and society on the topic of "what shall he do? Shall he act for this or that end?". This indicates that…

ICT Is Not Participation Is Not Democracy - eParticipation Development Models Revisited

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grönlund, Åke

There exist several models to describe “progress” in eParticipation. Models are typically ladder type and share two assumptions; progress is equalled with more sophisticated use of technology, and direct democracy is seen as the most advanced democracy model. None of the assumptions are true, considering democratic theory, and neither is fruitful as the simplification disturbs analysis and hence obscures actual progress made. The models convey a false impression of progress, but neither the goal, nor the path or the stakeholders driving the development are clearly understood, presented or evidenced. This paper analyses commonly used models based on democratic theory and eParticipation practice, and concludes that all are biased and fail to distinguish between the three dimensions an eParticipation progress model must include; relevance to democracy by any definition, applicability to different processes, (capacity building as well as decision making), and measuring different levels of participation without direct democracy bias.

The politics of social status: economic and cultural roots of the populist right.

PubMed

Gidron, Noam; Hall, Peter A

2017-11-01

This paper explores the factors that have recently increased support for candidates and causes of the populist right across the developed democracies, especially among a core group of working-class men. In the context of debates about whether the key causal factors are economic or cultural, we contend that an effective analysis must rest on understanding how economic and cultural developments interact to generate support for populism. We suggest that one way to do so is to see status anxiety as a proximate factor inducing support for populism, and economic and cultural developments as factors that combine to precipitate such anxiety. Using cross-national survey data from 20 developed democracies, we assess the viability of this approach. We show that lower levels of subjective social status are associated with support for right populist parties, identify a set of economic and cultural developments likely to have depressed the social status of men without a college education, and show that the relative social status of those men has declined since 1987 in many of the developed democracies. We conclude that status effects provide one pathway through which economic and cultural developments may combine to increase support for the populist right. © London School of Economics and Political Science 2017.

Cooperative Learning as a Democratic Learning Method

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Erbil, Deniz Gökçe; Kocabas, Ayfer

2018-01-01

In this study, the effects of applying the cooperative learning method on the students' attitude toward democracy in an elementary 3rd-grade life studies course was examined. Over the course of 8 weeks, the cooperative learning method was applied with an experimental group, and traditional methods of teaching life studies in 2009, which was still…

Reexamining Islam and Democracy Through the Wasatiyya Perspective

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-01

34 2. Choosing a Leader .............................................................................37 3. The Essence of the...and culture becomes norms that in turn dictate people’s actions. Culture then becomes an unchangeable essence that defines the group, and cultural...essentialists believe that this unchanging essence is determinative of the group’s behavior.21 For instance, proponents of cultural-essentialism

A Study of Certain Categories of Social Attitudes of Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Grade Pupils.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zodikoff, David H.

The study was designed to discover relationships between certain backgrounds and characteristics of children, and some of the attitudes that are considered vital in a democracy, e.g. those concerning democratic living, group interdependence, empathy, independent thinking and social responsibility. The major variables included: (1) grade or class…

The Secret Driving Force Behind Mongolia’s Successful Democracy

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-03-01

and media representatives from Myanmar dur- ing a recent visit to Mongolia, I was asked many questions regarding issues that we take for granted. As...the head of the Mongolian- Myanmar parliamentary group, I extended my best wishes to the Myanmar people’s effort to reform their country into a

America's Democracy Colleges: The Civic Engagement of Community College Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Angeli Newell, Mallory

2014-01-01

This study explored the civic engagement of current two- and four-year students to explore whether differences exist between the groups and what may explain the differences. Using binary logistic regression and Ordinary Least Squares regression it was found that community-based engagement was lower for two- than four-year students, though…

Preparing Citizens for Multicultural Democracy in a U.S. History Class

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DiCamillo, Lorrei; Pace, Judith L.

2010-01-01

The authors extend the literature on multicultural democratic citizenship education (Marri, 2005) with a case study about how a highly esteemed high school teacher involved a heterogeneous group of students in a rigorous, engaging, critical study of U.S. History. Mr. Scott's teaching was noteworthy in its community building, thorough disciplinary…

Education for Autonomy and Open-Mindedness in Diverse Societies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Rebecca M.

2017-01-01

In recent years, democracies across the globe have seen an increase in the popularity and power of authoritarian, nationalist politicians, groups, and policies. In this climate, the proper role of education in liberal democratic society, and in particular its role in promoting characteristics like autonomy and open-mindedness, is contested. This…

Age Group, Location or Pedagogue: Factors Affecting Parental Choice of Kindergartens in Hungary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Teszenyi, Eleonora; Hevey, Denise

2015-01-01

Hungary has experienced significant political, economic, demographic and social changes since the end of Soviet domination in the 1990s. The gradual move towards liberal democracy has been accompanied by growing emphasis on individualism, choice and diversity. Universal kindergarten provision for five- to six-year-olds is a long established…

Communities of Inquiry: Politics, Power and Group Dynamics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burgh, Gilbert; Yorshansky, Mor

2011-01-01

The notion of a community of inquiry has been treated by many of its proponents as being an exemplar of democracy in action. We argue that the assumptions underlying this view present some practical and theoretical difficulties, particularly in relation to distribution of power among the members of a community of inquiry. We identify two…

A Study of Social Attitudes of Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Grade Pupils.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zodikoff, David H.

The study sought to discover the relationship, if any, between children with certain academic backgrounds and the attitudes generally considered most vital in a democracy. Attitudes were categorized into five behavioral areas: (1) democratic living; (2) group interdependence; (3) empathy; (4) independent thinking; and (5) social responsibility.…

Curriculum as a Political Problem: A Historical Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Englund, Tomas

This study sets out to examine fundamental aspects of citizenship education in Swedish schools, based on the theory that, in a democracy with a system of compulsory public education, curricula are the products of political compromise, accommodating the aims of several different groups. From this perspective, the school as an ideological state…

How the Conservative Restoration is Justified: Leadership and Subordination in Educational Policy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Apple, Michael W.

1998-01-01

Neo-liberal and neo-conservative groups have become allies committed to redefining our ideas about democracy, equality, and the common good. This article examines how moral and biological arguments are being used to justify conservative policies in education and the larger society. Alternative progressive models are advocated. (26 references) (MLH)

Fostering Community and Civic Engagement in Low-Income Multicultural Schools through Transformative Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bader, Barbara; Horman, Judith; Lapointe, Claire

2010-01-01

In this study, we examine how transformative leadership enables students from a low-income and multicultural neighbourhood to learn about democracy, responsible citizenship, and community engagement at school. As part of a graduate seminar on critical pedagogy and cultural studies in education, in-depth group interviews were conducted with…

International Students and the Politics of Difference in US Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lobnibe, Jane-Frances

2009-01-01

The relation between education and democracy is a difficult one. Even the wealthiest countries with highly educated populations have failed to develop educational systems that provide adequate educational experiences and opportunities for individuals within all social groups. Since the mid 1960s, higher education institutions in the US have made…

77 FR 27470 - National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-10

... Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the... Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Initial Review Group;Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Special... of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 6701 Democracy Blvd...

77 FR 12605 - National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-01

... Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the... Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Initial Review Group, Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Clinical... Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Heath, 6701 Democracy Blvd...

78 FR 8549 - National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-06

... Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the... Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Initial Review Group; Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Clinical... Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 6701 Democracy...

78 FR 64509 - National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-29

... Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the... Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Initial Review Group; Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Special... Review Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, 6701 Democracy...

76 FR 28440 - National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-17

... Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the... Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Initial Review Group, Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Special... Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 6701 Democracy Blvd., Suite 800...

An American Dilemma. The Negro problem and Modern Democracy. Volume II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Myrdal, Gunnar

This study, originally commissioned by the Carnegie Corporation in 1938, makes it clear that the root of the "Negro problem" is the conflict between American moral valuations preserved in the American ideal and the valuations existing on specific planes of individual and group living. There is a jarring discrepancy between the professed…

Democracy Re-Examined: Ghanaian Social Movement Learning and the Re-Articulation of Learning in Struggle

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Langdon, Jonathan

2011-01-01

Ghana has been identified as an important example of democracy in Africa, yet the story of this democratic success overlooks the crucial role social movement activism and learning have played in locally reconfiguring and deepening what democracy means. A key dimension of this overlooked-story is ongoing efforts to contest both local and global…

The End of Democracy and the Modes of Resistance in Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reis, Carlos Sousa; Formosinho, Dores; Del Dujo, Ágel García

2017-01-01

Our scope is to show how democracy has been trivialized as a concept and, more worryingly, as a mystified practice of consented servitude, which supposedly would bring to its very end. In fact, for the emblematic occidental societies, democracy has, at the best, been reduced to a consumerist way of life, under the capitalist liberal order, and the…

Fighting for Social Democracy: R.H. Tawney and Educational Reconstruction in the Second World War

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ku, Hsiao-Yuh

2016-01-01

R.H. Tawney (1880-1962), a leading English economic historian and prominent socialist, was vigorously involved in educational reconstruction during the Second World War. For Tawney, the war was a war for social democracy. His ideals of social democracy formed a basis for his case for Public (independent) School reform and free secondary education…

Schooling for Democracy: A Common School and a Common University? A Response to "Schooling for Democracy"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reay, Diane

2011-01-01

This short paper is a response to Nel Noddings's article on schooling for democracy. Whilst agreeing with the basic premises of Noddings's argument, it questions the possibility of parity between academic and vocational tracks given the inequitable social and educational contexts the two types of learning would have to coexist within. Drawing on…

The Public Library, Democracy and Rancière's Poetics of Politics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huzar, Timothy Jozef

2013-01-01

Introduction: This paper applies the thought of Jacques Rancière to the concept of democracy as it is traditionally understood in library studies literature. Methods: The paper reviews a cross-section of instances of the link between democracy and the public library in library studies literature. It offers a close textual analysis of Michael…

Visions Unite through the Concept of Democracy: The School and the Popular Adult Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johansson, Lotta; Bergstedt, Bosse

2015-01-01

With a point of departure in the concept of democracy, this article aims to show how Swedish Popular Adult Education influenced the content of the established school system in Sweden. The Popular Adult Education and established school systems are studied through their relation to democracy, based on curricula, as well as on visionary and political…

Measure and collapse of participatory democracy in a two-party system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sznajd, Jozef

2015-10-01

Measure what is measurable, and make measurable what is not so (Galileo Galilei). According to the above sentence we do not ask why we need to measure democracy but if it is possible to measure something which is not unequivocally defined. Although, it is unlikely a final agreement on the definition of democracy, the idea that it is a form of governance based on collective decision making seems to be uncontested. On the premise that in the high-quality democracy citizens (agents) not only must have equal participation rights but must want to participate in shaping decision, as an effective measure of democracy in a two party political system we propose the percentage of the total population that actually voted in a given elections only for two major parties. Thus, we disregard not only nonvoters but also smaller parties voters whom votes will not have a substantial impact on the election and consequently they will not be in the loop, even theoretically. To describe such a system a sociophysics model based on the $S=1$ Ising model (Blume-Capel) is proposed. The measure of democracy, V_D index, as a function of inter-party conflict is analyzed.

Managing Disagreement: A Defense of “Regime Bias”

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

Stein Ringen’s theory of democratic purpose cannot do the work expected of it. Ringen’s own criteria oscillate between being too vague to be useful (i.e. “freedom”) or, when specified more fully, conflicting, so that almost all democracies will seem to be potentially at cross-purposes with themselves rather than their purposes or sub-purposes being mutually reinforcing. This reflects a bigger and more theoretical problem. Disagreement about the purpose of democracy is built into democracy itself. The whole point of many (perhaps all) of our democratic institutions is to arrive at conditionally legitimate decisions in spite of such disagreement. So-called regime bias, i.e. the tendency to assess democracies according to the form and stability of their institutions rather than their results or their ability to serve certain purposes, does not in fact arise from bias. It arises on the contrary from a determination to avoid the bias inherent in giving some—inevitably partisan—ideals of what democracies should do pride of place over others in a scheme of measurement or evaluation. And even a regime-based definition of democracy must itself make simplifying assumptions that elide possible normative controversies over how the democratic game is best played. Vindicating one’s preferred set of democratic ideals against alternatives is a completely legitimate enterprise and lends richness to debates within and across democracies. But it is an inherently ideological and political enterprise, not a neutral or scholarly one. PMID:21258438

Parliamentary Majorities and National Minorities: Moldova’s Accommodation of the Gagauz

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-01-01

Wave of Power-Sharing Democracy," in The Architecture of Democracy: Constitutional Design, Conflict Management , and Democracy, ed. Andrew Reynolds...Paula Thompson, "The Gagauz in Moldova and Their Road to Autonomy," in Managing Diversity in Plural Societies: Minorities, Migration and Nation...Republic of Moldova, which are managed by the Department for Parliamentary Documentation [Directia Documentare Parlamentara]. This wide-range of

Youth of Today and the Democracy of Tomorrow. Polish Students' Attitudes toward Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marzecki, Radoslaw; Stach, Lukasz

2016-01-01

From the perspective of over 20 years into the transformation process in post-communist countries, it seems important to be able to pose questions about the future of democracy, and, in particular, its social foundations. These questions become all the more significant, when we come to realize that it is the attitudes of 'the young of today' that…

Democracy in a Post-Castro Cuba?

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-12-01

definitive path to democracy. Democracy theorist Terry Karl states, “The search for causes rooted in economic, social, cultural/psychological, or...producer of sugar and tobacco could have been a more profitable venture, the cultivation of yucca, used to make cassava flour for the production of...to the world press. Castro’s revolutionary roots were established with his student activism at the University of Havana and his participation in

Can Educators Make a Difference? Experimenting with, and Experiencing, Democracy in Education. Critical Constructions: Studies on Education and Society

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carr, Paul R., Ed.; Zyngier, David, Ed.; Pruyn, Marc, Ed.

2012-01-01

As the title of this book suggests, how one understands, perceives and experiences democracy may have a significant effect on how he/she actually engages in, and with, democracy. Within the educational context, this is a key concern, and forms the basis of the research presented in this volume within a critical, comparative analysis. The Global…

The Daily Me: A Response to "Tocqueville on Democracy and Inclusive Education--A More Ardent and Enduring Love of Equality than of Liberty"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Anne

2009-01-01

This article presents the author's response to "Tocqueville on Democracy and Inclusive Education: A More Ardent and Enduring Love of Equality than of Liberty" written by Steven Connolley and Rune Sarromaa Hausstatter. Connolley and Hausstatter frame their critique of inclusive education and its relationship to democracy, liberty and equality using…

A Critical Pedagogy for Democracy: Confronting Higher Education's Neoliberal Agenda with a Critical Latina Feminist Episteme

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monzó, Lilia D.

2014-01-01

A fundamental goal of the university must be to advance a democracy based on the socialist principles of freedom and critique. A Marxist revolutionary critical pedagogy for democracy is advanced that includes a call for the inclusion of faculty of color who may bring diverse epistemes toward doing research that promotes dissent. The author…

Science is a gateway for democracy.

PubMed

Jaoua, Mohamed

2014-06-01

The Arab Spring of 2011 has highlighted an unprecedent fact in the region: it was the young and educated population who established the spearheading of change, and led their countries to democracy. In this paper, we try to analyze how science has been a key factor in these moves, in Tunisia as well as in Egypt, and how it can help to anchor democracy in these countries.

I Hear America Humming and It Is out of Tune: Review of Paul G. Woodford's "Democracy and Music Education"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peters, Michael A.

2008-01-01

This article presents the author's critique on Paul G. Woodford's positions with regard to music education and the notion of liberal democracy. The author seeks to broaden the contextual/historical scholarship around John Dewey and makes it clear that liberalism is a contested concept, as is democracy. He calls for contemporary responses to…

Politics and population health: Testing the impact of electoral democracy.

PubMed

Patterson, Andrew C; Veenstra, Gerry

2016-07-01

This study addresses questions of whether and why electoral democracies have better health than other nations. After devising a replicable approach to missing data, we compare political, economic, and health-related data for 168 nations collected annually from 1960 through 2010. Regression models estimate that electoral democracies have 11 years of longer life expectancy on average and 62.5% lower rates of infant mortality. The association with life expectancy reduces markedly after controlling for GDP, while a combination of factors may explain the democratic advantage in infant health. Results suggest that income inequality associates independently with both health outcomes but does not mediate their associations with democracy. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Prerequisites for Democracy in Cuba: Promoting Liberalization Via Civil Society

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-06-01

been obvious to President Bush that there were elements within the government aligned 42Quoted in IBID. ’Martin Walker, " Pressures Mount in US to...Government. 17. COSATI CODES 18. SUBJECT TERMS (continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number) FIELD I GROUP SUBGROUP Cuba...democratization. The goal of these steps is to encourage the opening of political space within which Cuban associational groups with a clear stake in a freer

Democratic Chaos: How Taiwanese Democracy Destabilized Cross-Strait Relations

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-03-01

several distinct groups of people who are now referred to as simply the " aborigines ." They are composed of several different tribes the three largest of...which, the Ami, Paiwan, and Atayal, account for 85 7 percent of all aboriginal people on Taiwan.4 These groups are indeed important as they continue to...recognize its right as an independent sovereign nation. Socially, the KMT evolved greatly from its assumption of power until its eventual loss of the

Flavor Democracy in Particle Physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sultansoy, Saleh

2007-04-01

The flavor democracy hypothesis (or, in other words, democratic mass matrix approach) was introduced in seventies taking in mind three Standard Model (SM) families. Later, this idea was disfavored by the large value of the t-quark mass. In nineties the hypothesis was revisited assuming that extra SM families exist. According to flavor democracy the fourth SM family should exist and there are serious arguments disfavoring the fifth SM family. The fourth SM family quarks lead to essential enhancement of the Higgs boson production cross-section at hadron colliders and the Tevatron can discover the Higgs boson before the LHC, if it mass is between 140 and 200 GeV. Then, one can handle ``massless'' Dirac neutrinos without see-saw mechanism. Concerning BSM physics, flavor democracy leads to several consequences: tanβ ~ mt/mb ~ 40 if there are three MSSM families; super-partner of the right-handed neutrino can be the LSP; relatively light E(6)-inspired isosinglet quark etc. Finally, flavor democracy may give opportunity to handle ``massless'' composite objects within preonic models.

The cultural evolution of democracy: saltational changes in a political regime landscape.

PubMed

Lindenfors, Patrik; Jansson, Fredrik; Sandberg, Mikael

2011-01-01

Transitions to democracy are most often considered the outcome of historical modernization processes. Socio-economic changes, such as increases in per capita GNP, education levels, urbanization and communication, have traditionally been found to be correlates or 'requisites' of democratic reform. However, transition times and the number of reform steps have not been studied comprehensively. Here we show that historically, transitions to democracy have mainly occurred through rapid leaps rather than slow and incremental transition steps, with a median time from autocracy to democracy of 2.4 years, and overnight in the reverse direction. Our results show that autocracy and democracy have acted as peaks in an evolutionary landscape of possible modes of institutional arrangements. Only scarcely have there been slow incremental transitions. We discuss our results in relation to the application of phylogenetic comparative methods in cultural evolution and point out that the evolving unit in this system is the institutional arrangement, not the individual country which is instead better regarded as the 'host' for the political system.

Understanding Democracy and Development Traps Using a Data-Driven Approach.

PubMed

Ranganathan, Shyam; Nicolis, Stamatios C; Spaiser, Viktoria; Sumpter, David J T

2015-03-01

Methods from machine learning and data science are becoming increasingly important in the social sciences, providing powerful new ways of identifying statistical relationships in large data sets. However, these relationships do not necessarily offer an understanding of the processes underlying the data. To address this problem, we have developed a method for fitting nonlinear dynamical systems models to data related to social change. Here, we use this method to investigate how countries become trapped at low levels of socioeconomic development. We identify two types of traps. The first is a democracy trap, where countries with low levels of economic growth and/or citizen education fail to develop democracy. The second trap is in terms of cultural values, where countries with low levels of democracy and/or life expectancy fail to develop emancipative values. We show that many key developing countries, including India and Egypt, lie near the border of these development traps, and we investigate the time taken for these nations to transition toward higher democracy and socioeconomic well-being.

Understanding Democracy and Development Traps Using a Data-Driven Approach

PubMed Central

Ranganathan, Shyam; Nicolis, Stamatios C.; Spaiser, Viktoria; Sumpter, David J.T.

2015-01-01

Abstract Methods from machine learning and data science are becoming increasingly important in the social sciences, providing powerful new ways of identifying statistical relationships in large data sets. However, these relationships do not necessarily offer an understanding of the processes underlying the data. To address this problem, we have developed a method for fitting nonlinear dynamical systems models to data related to social change. Here, we use this method to investigate how countries become trapped at low levels of socioeconomic development. We identify two types of traps. The first is a democracy trap, where countries with low levels of economic growth and/or citizen education fail to develop democracy. The second trap is in terms of cultural values, where countries with low levels of democracy and/or life expectancy fail to develop emancipative values. We show that many key developing countries, including India and Egypt, lie near the border of these development traps, and we investigate the time taken for these nations to transition toward higher democracy and socioeconomic well-being. PMID:26487983

Researching Holistic Democracy in Schools. A Response to "Examination of the New Tech Model as a holistic Democracy"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woods, Philip A.

2017-01-01

Bradley-Levine reported in her article how she created an opportunity to explore research data with the aim of examining the degree to which New Tech schools were democratic in the sense conceptualized by the notion of holistic democracy. My response is in three parts. The first sets out my understanding of the significance of the model of…

United States Warship Transfers to Argentina, Brazil, and Chile: Options for U.S. Policy

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-12-19

127 C. ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS OF RECIPIENT COUNTRIES ...... ............. 130 D. APPEASES MILITARY IN POST -AUTHORITARIAN DEMOCRACIES...of transferring significant numbers of second-hand warships to the Southern Cone. In this post -Cold War environment a reassessment must be made as to... POST -AUTHORITARIAN DEMOCRACIES Exporting democracy and containing Communism has been a U.S. foreign policy goal throughout the Cold War. In the post Cold

77 FR 33945 - Delegation of Reporting Functions Specified in Section 8 of the Belarus Democracy Act of 2004, as...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-08

... of Reporting Functions Specified in Section 8 of the Belarus Democracy Act of 2004, as Amended... laws of the United States of America, including section 301 of title 3 of the United States Code, I... Democracy Act of 2004 (Public Law 109-480; 22 U.S.C. 5811 note), as amended by section 5 of the Belarus...

The Resource Curse in Mongolia: Mineral Wealth, Institutional Quality, and Economic Performance

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-06-01

this path. It concludes, however, that if the country does not effectively manage its resource sector, Mongolia’s young democracy may deteriorate... democracy , conflict, third neighbor policy. 15. NUMBER OF PAGES 87 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF REPORT Unclassified 18...however, that if the country does not effectively manage its resource sector, Mongolia’s young democracy may deteriorate. v THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY

Joint Capabilities for Post-Conflict Operations

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-05-01

Political Geography (NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1989), 37. 2 Karin von Hippel , “Democracy by Force: A Renewed Commitment to Nation Building,” The...fear. Democratic states are vital to international security. In an article adapted from her book, Democracy by Force, Karin von Hippel , a civil...Parameters 33 (Autumn 2003) 101. 5 Karin von Hippel , “Democracy by Force: A Renewed Commitment to Nation Building,” The Washington Quarterly 23 (Winter

Building Democracy from the Grassroots. Inter-American Foundation: 2001 in Review, October 1, 2000 to September 30, 2001.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Durbin, Paula, Ed.

The Inter-American Foundation (IAF), an independent agency of the U.S. government, funds innovative, participatory, and sustainable self-help development projects proposed and managed by grassroots groups and supportive organizations in Latin America and the Caribbean. IAF also encourages partnerships among community organizations, businesses, and…

Fulfilling the Promise: African American Educators Teach for Democracy in Jim Crow's South

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Preston-Grimes, Patrice

2010-01-01

America's civic community from the end of the Great Depression through the post World War II years was hardly rational or racially neutral in its uneven and unequal treatment of African Americans and other underrepresented groups. Conventional civic scholarship of the era has ignored the complexities of a racially segregated society that in theory…

Developing Political Tolerance. ERIC Digest.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Avery, Patricia G.

Political tolerance is the willingness to extend basic rights and civil liberties to persons and groups whose viewpoints differ from one's own. It is a central tenet of a liberal democracy. The individual rights and freedoms that U.S. citizens value encourage a wide array of ideas and beliefs, some of which may offend segments of the population.…

Identification of forgeries in handwritten petitions for ballot propositions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Srihari, Sargur; Ramakrishnan, Veshnu; Malgireddy, Manavender; Ball, Gregory R.

2009-01-01

Many governments have some form of "direct democracy" legislation procedure whereby individual citizens can propose various measures creating or altering laws. Generally, such a process is started with the gathering of a large number of signatures. There is interest in whether or not there are fraudulent signatures present in such a petition, and if so what percentage of the signatures are indeed fraudulent. However, due to the large number of signatures (tens of thousands), it is not feasible to have a document examiner verify the signatures directly. Instead, there is interest in creating a subset of signatures where there is a high probability of fraud that can be verified. We present a method by which a pairwise comparison of signatures can be performed and subsequent sorting can generate such subsets.

Social Class, Economic Inequality, and the Convergence of Policy Preferences: Evidence from 24 Modern Democracies.

PubMed

Andersen, Robert; Curtis, Josh

2015-08-01

Using data from the World Values Survey and national-level indicators for 24 modern democracies, we assess the influence of social class and economic inequality on preferences for government responsibility. We improve on previous research by using multilevel models that account for differences in attitudes both within (i.e., over time) and across countries. Our findings are consistent with the economic self-interest hypothesis. Specifically, working class individuals, who tend to gain the most from government intervention because of their low and often more precarious economic position, are more likely than others to support government intervention. We also find a positive relationship between national-level income inequality and support for government intervention. As income inequality rises, its social ills tend to be more pervasive, resulting in public opinion becoming more supportive of governments taking responsibility for their citizens. We further demonstrate that inequality moderates the relationship between social class and attitudes. Although the effect of income inequality is positive for all social classes, attitudes across social classes become more similar as inequality rises. © 2015 Canadian Sociological Association/La Société canadienne de sociologie.

Making Democracy Safe for the World: A Game Theory Analysis of the Impact of Elites on the Democratization Process

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-12-01

elites often possess fragile self - esteem and lack empathy. Craving adulation, they often surround themselves with sycophants, placing themselves out of...variable due to their power and influence. Elites fall into two categories: self -oriented and servant-oriented. Based on game theory analysis...transitioners favor the top- down approach, servant-oriented elites favor accepting democracy, and self -oriented elites favor rejecting democracy. Analysis

JPRS Report China

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-02-15

Goal of Democracy and Freedom I was deeply affected by the 1989 student democracy movement. The song they sang, "Unity Is Strength," was the same...China, which has been under a dictatorship for a long time, democracy has become a universal demand among the people. Workers, peasants, and rank-and...and more active, and the pace of development has been quite fast. This has been brought on by an array of factors . Among them, the role of price

Architecture and Politics in Central Europe

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-12-01

the architectural style should be used and which one is appropriate for democracy. Then the argument will be made that rhetoric is the key to this...arts in a democracy. He argued that in the United States, democracy has in fact forced the decline of high art. His argument went that a decrease in...16 There are many arguments , though, that despite these stylistic limitations and concerns a style is essential in democratic architecture. What is

Understanding Democracy and Violence in Africa: An Analysis of the Data

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-10

UNDERSTANDING DEMOCRACY AND VIOLENCE IN AFRICA: AN ANALYSIS OF THE DATA A thesis presented to the Faculty of the U.S. Army Command...for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of...AUG 2015 – JUNE 2016 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Understanding Democracy and Violence in Africa: An Analysis of the Data 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b

Making Democracy Work and Grow: Practical Suggestions for Students, Teachers, Administrators, and Other Community Leaders. Bulletin, 1948, No. 10

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boie, Mildred Louise, Comp.

1948-01-01

Democracy is more than a creed or a doctrine. It must be a continuing force in the daily thinking, working, and living of all our citizens. American schools and colleges can strengthen democracy by practicing it--by showing concretely the basic advantages it offers to human beings. It is in the homes and in the schools, in home towns and local…

Democracy and Emancipation in Teacher Education: A Summative Content Analysis of Teacher Educators' Democratic Assignment Expressed in Policies for Teacher Education in Sweden and Ireland between 2000-2010

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edling, Silvia; Mooney Simmie, Geraldine

2018-01-01

How questions concerning democracy and emancipation thread through teacher education is currently under theorized and there is a paucity of cross-national studies examining the problem. In this study, we draw from a number of theoretical frameworks for their discursive positioning of democracy and emancipation in teacher education and what we are…

JPRS Report, Soviet Union. Kommunist, No. 5, March 1987

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-07-13

discipline and order and increasing openness, criticism and self-criticism; it means respect for the values and dignity of the individual. True democracy...conditions of true democracy and to develop it comprehensively and find new forms of its manifestation is impossible without knowledge of the law which...new society one of true democracy and greatest possible morality and culture, ruled by justice, equality and the law. The inviolable nature of these

Technologies of democracy: experiments and demonstrations.

PubMed

Laurent, Brice

2011-12-01

Technologies of democracy are instruments based on material apparatus, social practices and expert knowledge that organize the participation of various publics in the definition and treatment of public problems. Using three examples related to the engagement of publics in nanotechnology in France (a citizen conference, a series of public meetings, and an industrial design process), the paper argues that Science and Technology Studies provide useful tools and methods for the analysis of technologies of democracy. Operations of experiments and public demonstrations can be described, as well as controversies about technologies of democracy giving rise to counter-experiments and counter-demonstrations. The political value of the analysis of public engagement lies in the description of processes of stabilization of democratic orders and in the display of potential alternative political arrangements.

Democracy in Indonesia

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-06-01

that hunger and near-starvation were daily worries. People on the islands had to survive by eating "Ketela" (like Cassava ), a poisonous root . According...democracy in different ways. The roots of the term are derived from two Greek words; ’demos’ and ’kratos’ meaning people and rule respectively. From...8217democracy’ came into the English language in the sixteenth century from the French word I’demokratie,’ while the roots of this word stem from the

Giving Power Its Due: The Powerful Possibilities and the Problems of Power with Deliberative Democracy and English Language Learners. A Response to "Deliberative Democracy in English-Language Education: Cultural and Linguistic Inclusion in the School Community"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hanson, Jarrod S.

2015-01-01

The use of deliberation with English Language Learners presents possibilities to both improve language learning, but also expand the potential for civics education for all students. In particular, this response examines the issue of power to extend Liggett's (2014) arguments for using deliberative democracy with English Language Learners and…

Democracy and One Hundred Years of Music Education: Democracy Is Not a New Idea in Music Education, but Continues to Be a Very Important One

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allsup, Randall Everett

2007-01-01

As Music Educators National Conference (MENC) celebrates its centennial--1907 to 2007--music educators have much to be proud of and great work left to do. This article is about democracy and music education. In it, music educators pause in the midst of their celebration to quietly consider what lies ahead and where they have been. (Contains 13…

Demography, Education, and Democracy: global trends and the case of Iran.

PubMed

Lutz, Wolfgang; Cuaresma, Jesús Crespo; Abbasi-Shavazi, Mohammad Jalal

2010-01-01

Reconstructions and projections of populations by age, sex, and educational attainment for 120 countries since 1970 are used to assess the global relationship between improvements in human capital and democracy. Democracy is measured by the Freedom House indicator of political rights. Similar to an earlier study on the effects of improving educational attainment on economic growth, the greater age detail of this new dataset resolves earlier ambiguities about the effect of improving education as assessed using a global set of national time series. The results show consistently strong effects of improving overall levels of educational attainment, of a narrowing gender gap in education, and of fertility declines and the subsequent changes in age structure on improvements in the democracy indicator. This global relationship is then applied to the Islamic Republic of Iran. Over the past two decades Iran has experienced the world's most rapid fertility decline associated with massive increases in female education. The results show that based on the experience of 120 countries since 1970, Iran has a high chance of significant movement toward more democracy over the following two decades.

The Cultural Evolution of Democracy: Saltational Changes in A Political Regime Landscape

PubMed Central

Lindenfors, Patrik; Jansson, Fredrik; Sandberg, Mikael

2011-01-01

Transitions to democracy are most often considered the outcome of historical modernization processes. Socio-economic changes, such as increases in per capita GNP, education levels, urbanization and communication, have traditionally been found to be correlates or ‘requisites’ of democratic reform. However, transition times and the number of reform steps have not been studied comprehensively. Here we show that historically, transitions to democracy have mainly occurred through rapid leaps rather than slow and incremental transition steps, with a median time from autocracy to democracy of 2.4 years, and overnight in the reverse direction. Our results show that autocracy and democracy have acted as peaks in an evolutionary landscape of possible modes of institutional arrangements. Only scarcely have there been slow incremental transitions. We discuss our results in relation to the application of phylogenetic comparative methods in cultural evolution and point out that the evolving unit in this system is the institutional arrangement, not the individual country which is instead better regarded as the ‘host’ for the political system. PMID:22140565

Flavor Democracy in Particle Physics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sultansoy, Saleh; Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics, H. Cavid Av. 33, Baku

2007-04-23

The flavor democracy hypothesis (or, in other words, democratic mass matrix approach) was introduced in seventies taking in mind three Standard Model (SM) families. Later, this idea was disfavored by the large value of the t-quark mass. In nineties the hypothesis was revisited assuming that extra SM families exist. According to flavor democracy the fourth SM family should exist and there are serious arguments disfavoring the fifth SM family. The fourth SM family quarks lead to essential enhancement of the Higgs boson production cross-section at hadron colliders and the Tevatron can discover the Higgs boson before the LHC, if itmore » mass is between 140 and 200 GeV. Then, one can handle 'massless' Dirac neutrinos without see-saw mechanism. Concerning BSM physics, flavor democracy leads to several consequences: tan{beta} {approx_equal} mt/mb {approx_equal} 40 if there are three MSSM families; super-partner of the right-handed neutrino can be the LSP; relatively light E(6)-inspired isosinglet quark etc. Finally, flavor democracy may give opportunity to handle ''massless'' composite objects within preonic models.« less

Democracies restricting democratic rights: some classical sources and implications for ethics of biometrics.

PubMed

Leavitt, Frank J

2011-03-01

Ancient Greek and 17th century English philosophy are not usually discussed along with the ethics of biometrics and data sharing. Academic ethics today, however, suffers from a lack of background in classical texts. We may discuss whether biometrics and data sharing are consistent with democracy, but if we do not know what democracy is, then we cannot know what actions are consistent with it. I shall discuss how and why democracies have restricted the rights of their citizens. I will give the most attention to two paradigms that have most influenced modern democratic thinking: 17th century English democracy and ancient Athens. I do not accept the dogma that the Athenians were obviously wrong to try and then to condemn Socrates. His death-loving doctrine could not but have weakened the will of the youth to work and fight for the good of Athens. I will try to understand the Athenians' point of view and their need to defend their security. At the end, I will apply these lessons to biometrics and data sharing for security reasons.

Democracies Restricting Democratic Rights: Some Classical Sources and Implications for Ethics of Biometrics

PubMed Central

Leavitt, Frank J.

2011-01-01

Ancient Greek and 17 century English philosophy are not usually discussed along with the ethics of biometrics and data sharing. Academic ethics today, however, suffers from a lack of background in classical texts. We may discuss whether biometrics and data sharing are consistent with democracy, but if we do not know what democracy is, then we cannot know what actions are consistent with it. I shall discuss how and why democracies have restricted the rights of their citizens. I will give the most attention to two paradigms that have most influenced modern democratic thinking: 17 century English democracy and ancient Athens. I do not accept the dogma that the Athenians were obviously wrong to try and then to condemn Socrates. His death-loving doctrine could not but have weakened the will of the youth to work and fight for the good of Athens. I will try to understand the Athenians' point of view and their need to defend their security. At the end, I will apply these lessons to biometrics and data sharing for security reasons. PMID:21380481

Popular democracy and waste management

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wallis, L.R.

1986-01-01

The US has moved from representative democracy to popular democracy and public scrutiny is unrelenting. Any hope of success on their part in resolving the nuclear waste question hinges on their ability to condition themselves to operate in a popular democracy environment. Those opposed to the siting of high- and low-level waste repositories have already developed a set of recurring themes: (1) the siting criteria are fatally flawed; (2) the criteria are not adequate; (3) the process is driven by politics not science; (4) unrealistic deadlines lead to dangerous shortcuts; (5) transportation experience is lacking; (6) the scientific community doesmore » not really know how to dispose of the wastes. They must continue to tell the public that if science has brought us problems, then the answer can be only more knowledge - not less. Failure by their profession to recognize that popular democracy is a fact and that nuclear issues need to be addressed in humanistic terms raises the question of whether America is philosophically suited for the expanded use of nuclear power in the future - or for that matter for leadership in the world of tomorrow.« less

3 CFR 8862 - Proclamation 8862 of September 13, 2012. Constitution Day and Citizenship Day, Constitution Week...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... world. It has vested in each of us the power to appeal to principles that could broaden democracy's... centuries, our country has drawn enterprising men and women from around the world—individuals who have... land and ocean because of the belief that, in America, all things are possible. As a new group of...

Democracy and Education Spending: Has Africa's Move to Multiparty Elections Made a Difference for Policy?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stasavage, David

While it is widely recognized that electoral competition can have a major influence on public spending decisions, there has been little effort to consider whether the move to multiparty elections in African countries in recent years has led to a redistribution of public expenditures among social groups. This is a question relevant for debates…

Managing East-West Conflict: A Framework for Sustained Engagement. Statement of the Aspen Institute International Group.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aspen Inst. for Humanistic Studies, New York, NY.

A framework containing general principles to help industrial democracies deal with the Soviet Union and its allies over the years and decades to come is presented. The direction advocated by the framework is one involving active, sustained, and positive engagement with the East. There are five major parts to the framework. Part I discusses the…

Implications of Community Activism among Urban Minority Young People for Education for Engaged and Critical Citizenship

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nam, Chaebong

2012-01-01

Citizenship is fundamentally defined by praxis--i.e., engagement in local and diverse forms of civic practices--rather than by a legal status tied to the nation-state (Tully, 2008). This study examined the participatory democracy practices of a community activist group that was organizing to resist gentrification in a Puerto Rican community in…

Middle School Drum Ensemble: An Unlikely Experience in Classroom Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barbre, James

2013-01-01

Though music has a long and successful history within education, it is often one of the first sacrificial lambs when school budgets tighten. Over the course of an academic year, a documentary film sought to tell the story of an American middle school drum ensemble. The context of this group provided an ideal way to examine the nature of student…

Surveying Borders, Boundaries, and Contested Spaces in Curriculum and Pedagogy. Curriculum and Pedagogy Series

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reilly, Cole, Ed.; Russell, Victoria, Ed.; Chehayl, Laurel K., Ed.; McDermott, Morna M., Ed.

2011-01-01

The Curriculum and Pedagogy book series is an enactment of the mission and values espoused by the Curriculum and Pedagogy Group, an international educational organization serving those who share a common faith in democracy and a commitment to public moral leadership in schools and society. Accordingly, the mission of this series is to advance…

The Changing of the Guard: Margaret A. Haley and the Rise of Democracy in the NEA.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Joan K.

The National Education Association (NEA) was significantly influenced by Margaret Haley's early 20th century probe into its power structure. As a reformer committed to the democratic process, Miss Haley became an active member of the NEA in 1900. At this time, the organization was dominated by a group of male educators (college presidents,…

Quark-lepton flavor democracy and the nonexistence of the fourth generation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cvetic, G.; Kim, C.S.

1995-01-01

In the standard model with two Higgs doublets (type II), which has a consistent trend to a flavor gauge theory and its related flavor democracy in the quark and the leptonic sectors (unlike the minimal standard model) when the energy of the probes increases, we impose the mixed quark-lepton flavor democracy at high transition'' energy and assume the usual seesaw mechanism, and consequently find out that the existence of the fourth generation of fermions in this framework is practically ruled out.

Bridging Cultures to Form a Nation: The Humanities and Democratic Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Musil, Caryn McTighe

2016-01-01

This chapter describes a diversity and democracy curriculum and faculty development collaboration among the Association of American Colleges and Universities, The Democracy Commitment, and 10 community colleges.

Public Participation Guide: Electronic Democracy

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Electronic democracy describes a wide range of interactive tools that embrace existing and emergent media sources as a forum for allowing members of the public to express opinions and seek to influence decision-making.

United States Agency for International Development

MedlinePlus

... We Do Areas of Focus What We Do Agriculture and Food Security Democracy, Human Rights and Governance ... Resource Portal What We Do What We Do Agriculture and Food Security Democracy, Human Rights and Governance ...

22 CFR 67.2 - Board of Directors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... DEMOCRACY § 67.2 Board of Directors. (a) NED is governed by a bipartisan board of Directors of not fewer... National Endowment for Democracy's Statement of Principles and Objectives, adopted by the Board of...

Responses of Children in an Ethnically Diverse Elementary Classroom to the Use of Multicultural Cinderella Stories: A Qualitative Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stout-Swain, Carolyn R.

2013-01-01

John Dewey believed that the foundation of education is built on social responsibility and democracy, and specifically proposed social change and thought of teachers essentially as social workers as a conduit to that change. In this qualitative case study, different cultures were introduced via literature to a group of fourth grade students in an…

Socialization and Participation: A Research Agenda for the 21st Century.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gans, Curtis B.

If one counts both the mid-term and presidential elections, the United States has had the lowest voter turnout of any democracy in the world. In the 1986 election, only 16.6% of the eligible 18-24 year olds voted, and although final census surveys for that year are not yet published, it is unlikely that the turnout for that age group would have…

A PDS Narrative: Fostering Renewal, Democracy, and Social Justice in Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rowe, Karen; Urban, Elizabeth; Middleton, Valerie

2016-01-01

This article chronicles the inception, growth, and continued impact of a Professional Development School partnership based on teaching practices that acculturate preservice and practicing teachers into teaching for participation in a democracy.

[Sociology of health, social ecology and media democracy].

PubMed

Julesz, Máté

2012-05-27

The correlation of the sociology of health, social ecology and media democracy is demonstrated in the study. In societies of today, the role of the media is unquestionable in disseminating information relating to health and the environment. According to Paragraph (1) of Article XXI of the Hungarian Constitution of 2011, everyone has the right to a healthy environment. An environmentalist media democracy may forward environmental justice, environmental education, and environmentalist economy, etc. All these are required in order to establish a society where the healthy environment is an objective value.

Youth: A Solution to the Crisis in Central America.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manaut, Raul Benitez

1985-01-01

The economic, political, and cultural crises in third world countries have profound effects on youth. Maintains that peace is a synonym for democracy in Central America, and that democracy and peace are youth's principal aspirations. (JDH)

Environmental Impact Assessment Under the Mackenzie Valley Resource Management Act: Deliberative Democracy in Canada's North?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fitzpatrick, Patricia; Sinclair, A. John; Mitchell, Bruce

2008-07-01

We consider the extent to which the Mackenzie Valley Resource Management Act (MVRMA) provides an opportunity for deliberative democracy to emerge within the context of resource management in Canada’s North. The focus is on the extent to which the tenets of deliberative democracy are exercised in the environmental assessment (EA) of the Snap Lake diamonds project. Data collection included semi-structured interviews with assessment participants, and a review of documentation surrounding the EA process, and the case study. Results combined four principles of deliberative democracy: generality, autonomy, power neutrality, and ideal role taking. The EA conducted under the MVRMA can serve as a deliberative process, as illustrated by opportunities for dialogue, access to different perspectives, and learning outcomes. However, many of these positive results occurred through nonmandated technical sessions. The absence of participant funding also limits the deliberative potential of the MVRMA.

Democracy to Come: Active Forums as Indicator Suites for e-Participation and e-Governance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodan, Debbie; Balnaves, Mark

There is in modern industrial societies a ‘civic deficit’ Civic engagement in the traditional sense of community values and civic participation is declining (Putman 2000). What has not been examined is the ways in which various media including new media may provide real options for participatory cultures and participatory democracy now and in the future. Undoubtedly there are differences between participatory cultures that are considered a ‘genuine’ contribution to representational democracy and those that are not. This paper, based on initial research into Internet activism, will examine GetUp! as a specific example of an active forum that the authors argue enable participatory citizenship through media participation. While there are very few examples of active forums that might be considered a ‘genuine’ contribution to representational democracy there are clear signals that activism through active forums is maturing into a potent democratic force.

Duality and 'particle' democracy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castellani, Elena

2017-08-01

Weak/strong duality is usually accompanied by what seems a puzzling ontological feature: the fact that under this kind of duality what is viewed as 'elementary' in one description gets mapped to what is viewed as 'composite' in the dual description. This paper investigates the meaning of this apparent 'particle democracy', as it has been called, by adopting an historical approach. The aim is to clarify the nature of the correspondence between 'dual particles' in the light of a historical analysis of the developments of the idea of weak/strong duality, starting with Dirac's electric-magnetic duality and its successive generalizations in the context of (Abelian and non-Abelian) field theory, to arrive at its first extension to string theory. This analysis is then used as evidential basis for discussing the 'elementary/composite' divide and, after taking another historical detour by analyzing an instructive analogy case (DHS duality and related nuclear democracy), drawing some conclusions on the particle-democracy issue.

Community Psychology as a Process of Citizen Participation in Health Policy Comment on "The Rise of Post-truth Populism in Pluralist Liberal Democracies: Challenges for Health Policy".

PubMed

Taggart, Danny

2017-06-25

This brief commentary discusses a recent paper by Speed and Mannion that explores "The Rise of post truth populism in liberal democracies: challenges for health policy." It considers their assertion that through meaningful democratic engagement in health policy, some of the risks brought about by an exclusionary populist politics can be mediated. With an overview of what participation means in modern healthcare policy and implementation, the field of community psychology is presented as one way to engage marginalized groups at risk of exploitation or exclusion by nativist populist policy. © 2018 The Author(s); Published by Kerman University of Medical Sciences. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Why medical professionals have no moral claim to conscientious objection accommodation in liberal democracies.

PubMed

Schuklenk, Udo; Smalling, Ricardo

2017-04-01

We describe a number of conscientious objection cases in a liberal Western democracy. These cases strongly suggest that the typical conscientious objector does not object to unreasonable, controversial professional services-involving torture, for instance-but to the provision of professional services that are both uncontroversially legal and that patients are entitled to receive. We analyse the conflict between these patients' access rights and the conscientious objection accommodation demanded by monopoly providers of such healthcare services. It is implausible that professionals who voluntarily join a profession should be endowed with a legal claim not to provide services that are within the scope of the profession's practice and that society expects them to provide. We discuss common counterarguments to this view and reject all of them. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

Political and economic characteristics as moderators of the relationship between health services and infant mortality in less-developed countries.

PubMed

Chuang, Kun-Yang; Sung, Pei-Wei; Chang, Chia-Jung; Chuang, Ying-Chih

2013-12-01

Few studies have addressed how political and economic contexts shape the effects of health services and environment, such that a politically and economically unstable society, despite having sufficient health professionals and facilities, finds it difficult to transfer health resources into actual population health performance. We examined whether political and economic characteristics moderate the effects of health services on infant mortality rates (IMR) in less-developed countries. This study used a longitudinal ecological study design and focused on 46 less-developed countries during the 30-year period from 1980 to 2009. Data were derived from World Development Indicators, the United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database and the Polity IV project. Lagged dependent variable panel regression models were used to increase the causal inferences. Random intercept models were used to accommodate the possible problem of a serial correlation of errors because of the repeated measurements. After controlling for baseline IMR and other socioeconomic variables, our study showed that democracy had a direct effect on IMR, and a moderating effect on the relationship between health services and IMR. The effects of health services on IMR were stronger for countries with a lower level of democracy than for countries with a higher level of democracy in the 10-year models. Compared with other trade-rated characteristics, democracy is a more robust predictor of long-term IMR in less-developed countries. Our study provides additional evidence that democracy has direct effects on IMR and further showed that democracy can modify the effects of health services on IMR.

77 FR 59934 - National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-01

... of Health, 6701 Democracy Blvd., Room 1082, Bethesda, MD 20892-4874, 301-435- 0811, [email protected], National Institutes of Health, 6701 Democracy Blvd., Room 1082, Bethesda, MD 20892-4874, 301-435- 0811...

Jordan: Background and U.S. Relations

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-05-08

an oil shale exploration agreement with the Jordanian government. Estonia’s Enefit Eesti Energia AS also has signed agreements on oil shale...of sectors including democracy assistance, water preservation, and education (particularly building and renovating public schools). In the democracy

Libraries and Democracy: Information for All.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marston, Betsy

1991-01-01

Discusses libraries and democracy, one of three major themes for the 1991 White House Conference on Library and Information Services. The roles of newspapers and journalists are considered and the censorship of textbooks, library materials, art, and movies is discussed. (LRW)

In the maw of the Ouroboros: an analysis of scientific literacy and democracy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bang, Lars

2017-10-01

This paper explores the concept of scientific literacy through its relation to democracy and citizenship. Scientific literacy has received international attention in the twenty-first century as demonstrated by the Programme for International Student Assessment survey of 2006. It is no longer just a concept but has become a stated and testable outcome in the science education research community. This paper problematizes the `marriage' between scientific literacy and democracy, particularly the idea that scientific literacy is a presupposed necessity to proper citizenship and awareness of the role of science in modern society. A perusal of the science education literature can provide a history of scientific literacy, as it exists as a research category. Through Gilles Deleuze's notion of the Dogmatic Image of Thought and its relation to a Spinozist understanding of individuation/Becoming, it is argued that scientific literacy is not a recent invention and is problematic in its relation to democracy. This article is thus intended to act more as vehicle to move, stimulate and dramatize thought and potentially reconceptualise scientific literacy, than a comprehensive historical analysis. The concept of scientific literacy has undergone specific transformations in the last two centuries and has been enacted in different manifestations throughout modernity. Here the analysis draws upon Deleuze's reading of Michel Foucault and the notion of the Diagram related to Foucault's oeuvre, and is specifically using Foucault's notion of rationalities as actualized threads or clusters of discourse. The obvious link between science and democracy is an effect of specific rationalities within the epistemological field of science, rather than intrinsic, essential characteristics of science or scientific literacy. There is nothing intrinsic in its function for democracy. Through a case study of the work of Charles W. Eliot and Herbert Spencer and the modern enactment of scientific literacy in contemporary science education, this paper shows the cultural and historical contingencies on which the relation between scientific literacy and democracy has been constructed through a rationality this article calls the Man of Science. The mythical Ouroboros will be used as a Fresh Image of Thought to explore the movements and folds within the discursive formation of Scientific Literacy, the rationality of the Man of Science, and their relation to democracy.

Democracy versus dictatorship in self-organized models of financial markets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

D'Hulst, R.; Rodgers, G. J.

2000-06-01

Models to mimic the transmission of information in financial markets are introduced. As an attempt to generate the demand process, we distinguish between dictatorship associations, where groups of agents rely on one of them to make decision, and democratic associations, where each agent takes part in the group decision. In the dictatorship model, agents segregate into two distinct populations, while the democratic model is driven towards a critical state where groups of agents of all sizes exist. Hence, both models display a level of organization, but only the democratic model is self-organized. We show that the dictatorship model generates less-volatile markets than the democratic model.

75 FR 74678 - Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance; Office of Food for Peace Announcement...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-01

... Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance; Office of Food for Peace Announcement of Request for..., Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance. [FR Doc. 2010-30195 Filed 11-30-10; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE P ...

Participation Training

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Treff, Marjorie

2006-01-01

Historically, adult education has focused on civic and social responsibility, participatory democracy, liberatory social action, and equity. Colin and Heaney (2001) claim that democracy in education requires an environment in which students are free to discuss their varied experiences and "confront intellectual censorship," often disguised as…

Disparity in Democracies: A Comparative Case Study of Mali and Niger

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-12-01

thought he was. In the spirit of cooperation, Ousmane issued an emotional appeal to the "every patriot,.. .all the Niger political class...even voted on.127 In 1993-1994, eleven Islamic organizations thwarted a government condom distribution campaign aimed at both contraception and AIDS...GR-EN.pdf (accessed October 18, 2010). 123 Radio France Internationale, "Islamic groups attempt to sabotage contraceptive campaign," November 18

Exploring Young People's Civic Identities through Gamification: A Case Study of Finnish, Swedish and Norwegian Adolescents Playing a Social Simulation Game

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eränpalo, Tommi

2014-01-01

This article is based on a case study where groups of Finnish, Swedish and Norwegian young people played a simulation game that stimulated collective deliberation on social issues. The game has been designed to provoke students to deliberate and to reflect on social problems relating to issues of citizenship and democracy. The analysis of the…

[Democracy without equity: analysis of health reform and nineteen years of National Health System in Brazil].

PubMed

Coelho, Ivan Batista

2010-01-01

This paper aims to evaluate the nineteen years of the National Health System in Brazil, under the prism of equity. It takes into account the current political context in Brazil in the 80s, that the democratization of the country and the health sector could, per se, lead to a more equitable situation regarding the access to health services. Democracy and equity concepts are here discussed; analyzing which situations may facilitate or make it difficult its association in a theoretical plan, applying them to the Brazilian context in a more general form and, to emphasizing practical implications to the National Health System and to groups of activism related to health reforms. It also seeks to show the limits and possibilities of these groups with regards to the reduction of inequality, in relation to the access to health services, which still remain. To conclude, the author points out the need for other movements to be established which seek the reduction of such and other inequalities, such as access to education, housing, etc, drawing special attention to the role played by the State, which is questioned regarding its incapacity of promoting equity, once it presents itself as being powerful when approaching other matters.

Workplace Democracy: A Review of Literature and Implications for Human Resource Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hatcher, Tim

2007-01-01

A review of workplace democracy revealed that both practice and research need updating. The results are discussed in terms of history, theory, research and practice. Implications for human resource development research and practice are also included. (Contains 2 tables.)

Kenya: The Myth of East Africa’s Democratic City on a Hill

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-21

Vhitfield, eds, Turning Points in African Democracy, (Suffolk, United Kingdom: Boydell & Brewer Ltd., 2009), 102. 53. British Broadcasting...Mustapha, Abdul Raufu and Lindsay Whitfield, eds. Turning Points in African Democracy. Suffolk, United Kingdom: Boydell & Brewer Ltd., 2009. Mwaura

Economic Globalization, Industrialization and Deindustrialization in Affluent Democracies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brady, David; Denniston, Ryan

2006-01-01

This study reexamines the relationship between economic globalization and manufacturing employment in affluent democracies. After reviewing past research, including the well-supported Rowthorn model, we propose a differentiation-saturation model that theorizes that globalization has a curvilinear relationship with manufacturing employment. Using…

'To quarterback behind the scenes, third-party efforts': the tobacco industry and the Tea Party.

PubMed

Fallin, Amanda; Grana, Rachel; Glantz, Stanton A

2014-07-01

The Tea Party, which gained prominence in the USA in 2009, advocates limited government and low taxes. Tea Party organisations, particularly Americans for Prosperity and FreedomWorks, oppose smoke-free laws and tobacco taxes. We used the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library, the Wayback Machine, Google, LexisNexis, the Center for Media and Democracy and the Center for Responsive Politics (opensecrets.org) to examine the tobacco companies' connections to the Tea Party. Starting in the 1980s, tobacco companies worked to create the appearance of broad opposition to tobacco control policies by attempting to create a grassroots smokers' rights movement. Simultaneously, they funded and worked through third-party groups, such as Citizens for a Sound Economy, the predecessor of AFP and FreedomWorks, to accomplish their economic and political agenda. There has been continuity of some key players, strategies and messages from these groups to Tea Party organisations. As of 2012, the Tea Party was beginning to spread internationally. Rather than being a purely grassroots movement that spontaneously developed in 2009, the Tea Party has developed over time, in part through decades of work by the tobacco industry and other corporate interests. It is important for tobacco control advocates in the USA and internationally, to anticipate and counter Tea Party opposition to tobacco control policies and ensure that policymakers, the media and the public understand the longstanding connection between the tobacco industry, the Tea Party and its associated organisations. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.

Georgia’s Quest for NATO Membership: Challenges and Prospects

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-12-01

Revolution led to the removal of the incumbent president, Eduard Shevardnadze. 45 Irakly Areshidze, Democracy and Autocracy in Eurasia...Resurgent? Moscow’s Campaign To Coerce Georgia To Peace.” International Affairs, 84(6): 1145–1171. Areshidze, Irakly . Democracy and Autocracy in

Education for Democracy: Reasons and Strategies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edelstein, Wolfgang

2011-01-01

According to social scientists Herfried Munkler in Germany and Colin Crouch in England, major developments in Western industrial societies--individualism, increasing social complexity, globalisation--present serious threats to basic requirements of stable societies and expose democracy to the corrosion of its socio-moral resources such as social…

76 FR 66769 - Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (ECA)

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-27

.... Diversity, Freedom and Democracy Guidelines Pursuant to the Bureau's authorizing legislation, programs must... encompass differences including, but not limited to ethnicity, race, gender, religion, geographic location... cultural exchange in countries whose people do not fully enjoy freedom and democracy,'' the Bureau ``shall...

The Paideia Proposal: Adler's Sugar-Coated Elitism?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blank, Kermit J.

1984-01-01

Peruses Adler's Paideia Proposal and its use of excerpts from Dewey's writings on democracy, focusing on the meaning of democracy. Analyzes Adler's and Dewey's views from a traditional philosophic standpoint (neo-Thomistic versus experimentalist), contrasts them from an educational philosophic vantage (perennialism versus progressivisim), and…

76 FR 15988 - National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Notice of Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-22

... assistance, such as sign language interpretation or other reasonable accommodations, should notify the... plan. Place: Bethesda Marriott Suites, 6711 Democracy Boulevard, Independence Room (2nd Level... proposals. Place: Bethesda Marriott Suites, 6711 Democracy Boulevard, Independence Room (2nd Level...

Democracy Education in Elementary Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Samanci, Osman

2010-01-01

Elementary schools have a significant role in creating democratic attitudes and attainments in children. During elementary education, children are prepared for life, becoming familiar with rules in social life in addition to gaining academic knowledge and abilities. In this article, the importance of educating children about democracy in…

Social Studies: The Electoral Process.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schrager, Donald M.

This quinmester course of study for grades seven through nine provides a framework for analyzing election processes in a democracy by investigating democratic societies of the past, and contrasting democracies with totalitarian types of government. Major emphasis is upon analyzing the system of institutionalized political parties, the…

Improving models of democracy: the example of lagged effects of economic development, education, and gender equality.

PubMed

Balaev, Mikhail

2014-07-01

The author examines how time delayed effects of economic development, education, and gender equality influence political democracy. Literature review shows inadequate understanding of lagged effects, which raises methodological and theoretical issues with the current quantitative studies of democracy. Using country-years as a unit of analysis, the author estimates a series of OLS PCSE models for each predictor with a systematic analysis of the distributions of the lagged effects. The second set of multiple OLS PCSE regressions are estimated including all three independent variables. The results show that economic development, education, and gender have three unique trajectories of the time-delayed effects: Economic development has long-term effects, education produces continuous effects regardless of the timing, and gender equality has the most prominent immediate and short term effects. The results call for the reassessment of model specifications and theoretical setups in the quantitative studies of democracy. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis, reproductive freedom, and deliberative democracy.

PubMed

Farrelly, Colin

2009-04-01

In this paper I argue that the account of deliberative democracy advanced by Amy Gutmann and Dennis Thompson (1996, 2004) is a useful normative theory that can help enhance our deliberations about public policy in morally pluralistic societies. More specifically, I illustrate how the prescriptions of deliberative democracy can be applied to the issue of regulating non-medical uses of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), such as gender selection. Deliberative democracy does not aim to win a philosophical debate among rival first-order theories, such as libertarianism, egalitarianism or feminism. Rather, it advances a second-order analysis that strives to help us determine what would constitute a reasonable balance between the conflicting fundamental values that arise in the context of regulating PGD. I outline a theoretical model (called the Reasonable Genetic Intervention Model) that brings these issues to the fore. Such a model incorporates the concern for both procedural and substantive principles; and it does so in way that takes provisionality seriously.

What and how do we communicate?

PubMed

Hugh-Jones, M

2000-01-01

The rapid, inexpensive transmission of words and data, brought about by the internet and cheap computers, is changing the world faster than anything mankind has ever experienced, reaching into nearly every aspect of our lives, public and private, commercial and governmental. We are in an Information Age with an essentially instantaneous availability of large volumes of information and data. Technological pressures have their own momentum. The changes and improvements in data handling and information sharing will take place, however much or little we do in veterinary medicine, whether at the international or national levels. In addition, there are new superpowers emerging in the world. These are the small and medium third world countries that are gradually gaining democracy through political restructuring and involving the civil society in decision making. There are also the marginal pressure groups, once too small and insignificant to be noticed. These are changing the rules by which the way the world is governed and they are doing it now by the internet and banding together to serve their common interests. The rapid provision of accurate information on animal diseases is desirable goal from a public health as well as an economic viewpoint.

e-Democracy: The Political Culture of Tomorrow's Citizens

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vasilis, Triantafillou; Dimitris, Kalogeras

The aim of this study is to investigate how Internet influences the political-social behavior of the members of the School Community. In order to do so we questioned students (tomorrow's citizens) and teachers of secondary schools and analyzed their understanding about e-democracy issues. The research is held by the department of Telecommunication Systems & Networks, Nafpaktos Branch of the Technological Educational Institute of Messolonghi with the participation of students and teachers from the Region of Western Greece. It was observed that Internet offers new possibilities for people's participation in the political process. The results show that students feel more confident against technology and Democracy in contrast to their teachers.

Iroquois Contributions to Modern Democracy and Communism.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bagley, Carol L.; Ruckman, Jo Ann

1983-01-01

Considers the influence of the Iroquois Great Law of Peace in American government and its possible influence on Russian government. Discusses history of Iroquois society and describes their form of representative democracy. Cites references to Iroquois government and law by Karl Marx, Frederick Engels, and Benjamin Franklin. (JHZ)

New Cogs for Old

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flynn, Daniel J.

2012-01-01

In this article, the author talks about "A Crucible Moment: College Learning & Democracy's Future." There is a moment within "A Crucible Moment: College Learning & Democracy's Future" when the report gets it right. The academics tackle a National Governors Association study that envisions colleges as job training centers. The authors of "A…

Democracy, Education, and Multiculturalism: Dilemmas of Citizenship in a Global World. Presidential Address.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Torres, Carlos Alberto

1998-01-01

Outlines problems in reconciling tensions among theories of citizenship, democracy, and multiculturalism in the context of capitalist societies, and resulting implications for comparative education scholars. Discusses the Enlightenment as foundation of citizenship, feminist criticism, postcolonialism, critical race theory, and social movements.…

The Urban Crisis and Pathways to a Multiracial Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ivery, Curtis L.

2013-01-01

Realization of a multiracial democracy is challenged like never before by a new era of color-blind politics and postracial supposition, fueled in part by the election of our first black President in 2008, but contradicted by the chronic persistence of racial segregation and social inequality.

Afghanistan: A War of Necessity?

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-12

British politician (1874-1965). 2 Charles R. Kesler , “Democracy and the Bush Doctrine,” The Claremont Institute, January 26, 2005, available from http...www.scribd.com/doc/19059126/ Preemptive-War-Doctrine-The-Influence-of-the-911-Attacks. 18 Charles R. Kesler , “Democracy and the Bush Doctrine” . 19

78 FR 63994 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-25

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of... Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Special Emphasis Panel; Nutrition and Metabolism-Related... grant applications. Place: National Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy Boulevard...

75 FR 39699 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-12

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of... Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Special Emphasis Panel, Digestive Diseases and Nutrition... grant applications. Place: National Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy Boulevard...

Laboratory for a New Form of Democracy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heelan, Cynthia; Redwine, Judith A.; Black, Antonia

2000-01-01

Demonstrates how community colleges create a laboratory for the metamorphosis of democracy into synocracy, which is associated with participative leadership and a capacity to form and sustain synergistic partnership. The community college, through its leadership, student and service learning, and by involving its communities in dialogues of…

Inventing Democracy: Future Alternatives for Social Action.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Deethardt, John F.

1983-01-01

Considers the rational basis for participatory democracy and six ideas designed to embody that conceptual basis. Contends that the mission of speech communication scholars to the civic culture should be an activation of civic competencies and an invention of new places to practice free speech skills. (PD)

Will Democracy Come to South Africa?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winchester, N. Brian

1990-01-01

Discusses prospects for democracy in South Africa. Explores the complexities and contradictions endemic to the process of overcoming 300 years of racist laws and practices. Considers the risks of concessions for both Black and White leaders; problems resulting from enduring political and economic inequalities; and constitutional alternatives.…

A Learning Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Groot, Lucy

2009-01-01

Adult learning, in all its forms, is a pre-requisite for a dynamic local democracy where councils play a crucial role, politically, socially, and culturally. Local government has recognised that investment in adult learning provides significant benefits for the wider welfare and wellbeing of the community. This investment has not come solely…

Deepening Democracy: Explaining Variations in the Levels of Democracy

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

life such as health, nutrition , and employment. In either case, the term “development” suggests some type of advancement. Some refer to this...Mexico is concentrated in Mexico City, the seven northern states (manufacturing, services, trade), and the Yucatan (oil and tourism). Four of the six

Critical Viewing and Participatory Democracy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cohen, Jodi R.

1994-01-01

Illustrates ways that the work of some communication scholars with resistant, oppositional, and critical audiences does not, however, endorse active public life. Attempts to realign the language of critical viewing with the goals of participatory democracy by suggesting qualities of critical viewing that are conducive to achieving and maintaining…

Pedagogy, Democracy, and Feminism: Rethinking the Public Sphere.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hernandez, Adriana

This book provides a shifting interplay of the terms pedagogy, democracy, and feminism around the idea of an emancipatory political project. Chapter 1, "Remapping Pedagogical Boundaries: Critical Pedagogy, Feminism, and a Discourse of Possibility," examines the pedagogical within a discourse of critique and possibility, and discusses the…

Democracy and Education in Postsecular Society

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fischer, Shlomo; Hotam, Yotam; Wexler, Philip

2012-01-01

In this article, the authors attempt to show what it means to think about democracy and education "within" society, culture, and religion. They use the term religion to discuss both "religion" as a social phenomena and "religiosity" as a spiritual, aesthetic individual commitment to the transcendent, eternal, and…

Knowledge Democracy and the Implications to Information Access

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Raza, Ahmad; Murad, Hasan Sohaib

2008-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the concept of "knowledge democracy," deploying a pluralistic, and cross disciplinary and humanistic critique. Design/methodology/approach: This is a culturally pluralistic and humanistic interpretation of globally emergent form of learning pedagogy, particularly manifested in e-learning.…

Philosophy for Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bartels, Rob; Onstenk, Jeroen; Veugelers, Wiel

2016-01-01

Philosophy for Democracy is a research project that aims to examine whether and how Philosophy with Children contributes to the development of democratic skills and attitudes. In the Netherlands, as in almost all Western countries, Philosophy with Children is linked with the movement for citizenship education. This article reports the research on…

75 FR 76019 - National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Notice of Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-07

... strategic plan. Place: Bethesda Marriott Suites, 6711 Democracy Boulevard, Independence Room (2nd Level... proposals. Place: Bethesda Marriott Suites, 6711 Democracy Boulevard, Independence Room (2nd Level), Bethesda, MD 20817. Contact Person: Anthony Demsey, PhD, Director, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging...

Democratizing Children's Computation: Learning Computational Science as Aesthetic Experience

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farris, Amy Voss; Sengupta, Pratim

2016-01-01

In this essay, Amy Voss Farris and Pratim Sengupta argue that a democratic approach to children's computing education in a science class must focus on the "aesthetics" of children's experience. In "Democracy and Education," Dewey links "democracy" with a distinctive understanding of "experience." For Dewey,…

How Democratic Is Higher Education for Sustainable Development?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shephard, Kerry; Brown, Kim

2017-01-01

We wondered how "democracy" was being used and communicated within the higher education discourse of "education for sustainability," or "for sustainable development" (ES/ESD). We used a philosophical hermeneutic approach to explore the sense or senses in which the concept of democracy is used within this literature…

Democracy and Site-Based Administration: The Impact on Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Achilles, Charles

1994-01-01

The problems attending democratic freedom and responsibility have not been solved since De Toqueville's day; improving democracy is each generation's legacy. Site-based administration is education's response to business/industry "downsizing" and a shift from assembly-line manufacturing to caseload service. Strategies to help SBM…

Pakistan: A Nation at War with Itself

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-12-01

boundaries in India.13 As a recent Rand Corporation report argued, “the Use of militant groups, including the Taliban, has remained an important instrument...government at Dhaka in East Pakistan. Pakistan’s experiments with democracy have been marked by a “multi- layered trajectory of contrasts and...protect the city by destroying a large number of bridges on the canal that surrounded it. The Indian strategy of expanding the war beyond Kashmir was

Making Twenty-First-Century Strategy. An Introduction to Modern National Security Processes and Problems

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-11-01

unification of the Korean peninsula. US and UN forces rolled north toward China’s border, prompting the Chinese to enter the struggle. Chinese ...move forward the process of smoothing animosities among groups and thus pav- ing the way for a movement toward democracy. Loya jirgas have...relations during the 1990s. American policy, with strategy following in its wake, turned toward a new grounding in an evangelical form of

Crisis in China: Prospects for U.S. Policy. Report of the Strategy for Peace, U.S. Foreign Policy Conference (30th, Warrenton, Virginia, October 19-21, 1989).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Christensen, Kathy, Comp.; And Others

This report summarizes the roundtable discussion of 19 China experts at a conference on the development of U.S. policy convened four months after the democracy demonstrations that took place in China in spring, 1989. The group's discussion highlighted five major areas of uncertainty over China's course in the short-term to intermediate future: (1)…

Economist intelligence unit democracy index in relation to health services accessibility: a regression analysis.

PubMed

Walker, Mary Ellen; Anonson, June; Szafron, Michael

2015-01-01

The relationship between political environment and health services accessibility (HSA) has not been the focus of any specific studies. The purpose of this study was to address this gap in the literature by examining the relationship between political environment and HSA. This relationship that HSA indicators (physicians, nurses and hospital beds per 10 000 people) has with political environment was analyzed with multiple least-squares regression using the components of democracy (electoral processes and pluralism, functioning of government, political participation, political culture, and civil liberties). The components of democracy were represented by the 2011 Economist Intelligence Unit Democracy Index (EIUDI) sub-scores. The EIUDI sub-scores and the HSA indicators were evaluated for significant relationships with multiple least-squares regression. While controlling for a country's geographic location and level of democracy, we found that two components of a nation's political environment: functioning of government and political participation, and their interaction had significant relationships with the three HSA indicators. These study findings are of significance to health professionals because they examine the political contexts in which citizens access health services, they come from research that is the first of its kind, and they help explain the effect political environment has on health. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Japan's Democracy: How Much Change? Headline Series No. 305.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Krauss, Ellis S.

This booklet analyzes the changes that have occurred in Japan in the postwar period. The book is divided into four chapters. Chapter 1, "Revolutionary Change: American Occupation, 1945-52," focuses on the dramatic changes brought by Occupation forces. Chapter 2, "Evolutionary Change: Japan's Democracy from the Occupation through the…

Democracy Is...Unlikely

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McAninch, Amy C.

2009-01-01

Theorizing about teacher education and democracy is a challenging task in the year 2009. According to this author, the antidemocratic forces of the social efficiency movement have intensified with the passage of the No Child Left Behind Act, and recent activities of the Obama Department of Education have ratcheted up social efficiency's premise…

Singularity and Community: Levinas and Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhao, Guoping

2016-01-01

This article explores and extends Levinas's ideas of singularity and community as multiplicity and argues that his identification of language and discourse as the means to create ethical communities provides tangible possibilities for rebuilding genuine democracy in a humane world. These ideas help us reimagine school and classroom as communities…

Can "Ubuntu" Provide a Model for Citizenship Education in African Democracies?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Enslin, Penny; Horsthemke, Kai

2004-01-01

Some proponents of Africanism argue that African traditional education and the principles of "ubuntu" should provide the framework for citizenship education. While conceding that understandable concerns lie behind defences of "ubuntu" as underpinning African democracy, we argue that the Africanist perspective faces various problems and makes…

Mindfulness, Democracy, and Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hyde, Andrea Marie; LaPrad, James G.

2015-01-01

In this article, we explain how mindfulness can enhance a democratic way of being, connecting practices of awareness, reflection, dialog, and action to democratic citizenship and social arrangements. We begin by sharing our understanding of democracy as a philosophy and a political system. We then provide a background for the concept of…

Attitude toward Democracy in Pakistan: Secondary School Teachers' Perceptions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sarwar, Muhammad; Yousuf, Muhammad Imran; Hussain, Shafqat

2010-01-01

The study aimed at exploring the public sector secondary school teachers' perceptions for development of democratic values and strategies to improve the democratic system and attitudes toward democracy. Sixty secondary school teachers were selected as a sample. The qualitative data in the form of interview responses were collected to explore…

Supersurveillance, Democracy, and Co-Operation--The Challenge for Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schostak, John

2014-01-01

The paper explores pedagogies of surveillance and counter pedagogies of radical democracy and co-operative practice and their implications for continuing professional development (CPD). Teachers have had to respond to an increasing naturalisation of surveillance in schools. However, this naturalisation can be countered by drawing upon the emergent…

Democratic Inclusive Educators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miner, Amy Baird

2013-01-01

Educating for democracy has long been established as a central purpose for schooling in America and continues to be included in the ongoing discourses on educational policy and programs. While educating for democracy has been defined in many ways, it is commonly agreed that it is the knowledge, skills, and experiences that members of a democracy…

Democracy in America: Starting at the Source.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Serow, Ann G.

1986-01-01

This article notes that the May 1987 release of the College Board's advanced placement exam in American government gives high school social studies departments good reason to reassess and improve their advanced placement programs. It shows how Alexis de Toqueville's classic 1935 work, "Democracy in America," may be used as a central…

The Development of Industrial Democracy in Norway.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bjorheim, Lars

The development of industrial democracy in Norway is traced by the speaker in introducing an international conference on manpower training and development. As a context for the chain of events to be examined, basic information about Norway is presented: population data, the country's democratic tradition, the history of industrial development, the…

Strengthening Democracy and Personal Development through Community Engagement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chickering, Arthur W.

2008-01-01

In this article, the author states his belief that community based learning among adults can be a powerful force for encouraging personal development and for strengthening democracy in this multicultural, globally interdependent, battered world. To do so, however, it needs to pervade all the curricula, degree programs, learning contracts, and…

Teaching for Toleration in Pluralist Liberal Democracies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van Waarden, Betto

2017-01-01

This article determines which education enables the perpetuation of diverse ways of life and the liberal democracy that accommodates this diversity. Liberals like John Rawls, Stephen Macedo, and William Galston have disagreed about the scope of civic education. Based on an analysis of toleration--the primary means for maintaining a pluralist…

Schooling for Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Noddings, Nel

2008-01-01

The author of this article contends that current efforts at school reform--ostensibly designed to increase equality of outcomes--may actually be undermining democracy by undervaluing the wide range of talents required in 21st-century America. Many policy makers today argue that all students should have a standard curriculum that will prepare them…

Learning to Think: Arendt on Education for Democracy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gordon, Haim

1988-01-01

Discusses Hannah Arendt's belief that Nazi Adolf Eichmann's crimes stem from his failure to think. States that educators in a democracy must teach students to think about political and social issues. Covers methods of teaching thinking (as differentiated from problem solving) and dangers of a political realm without thinking citizens. (CH)

Educational Democracy in Graduate Education: Public Policies and Affirmative Action

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vasconcelos Medeiros, Hugo Augusto; Mello Neto, Ruy de Deus e; Mendes Catani, Afrânio

2017-01-01

This paper is a discussion on the possibilities of educational democracy in Brazilian Graduate Education, with a focus on the current Graduate Education Field regulations and the recent affirmative actions and public policies of access. We analyzed laws, decrees, government plans and selections edicts, through categories derived from historical…

Civic Education in Lesotho: Implications for Teaching of Democratic Citizenship

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ngozwana, Nomazulu Alice

2017-01-01

This paper investigates the extent to which civic education is achieving its goals of teaching democracy and producing responsible democratic citizenship in Lesotho. This is done by analysing the conceptions of civic education, democracy, public participation, human rights, freedoms and responsibilities that appear in Lesotho's documents that are…

Competence for Democracy: Participation and Decision-Making in Classroom Interaction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manzel, Sabine

2016-01-01

In this keynote address given at the International Association for Citizenship, Social and Economics Education (IACSEE) Conference in July 2015, Sabine Manzel focused on participation and decision-making as key competences for democracy. She analysed with standardized videography how both of these competences are realized in classroom interaction.

Making Democracy Work Better: Mediating Structures, Social Capital, and the Democratic Prospect.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Couto, Richard A.

This book explores relationships among democracy, social capital, and community-based mediating structures, focusing on Appalachia because of the obvious failures of market capitalism there. It suggests that mediating structures protect communities from the savage side of market capitalism and promote the democratic prospect by increasing and…

HRD in Latin America. Symposium 5. [AHRD Conference, 2001].

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

2001

This document contains three papers on human resource development (HRD) in Latin America. "Looking at the Literature on Workplace Democracy in Latin America: Factors in Favor and Against It" (Max U. Montesino) discusses selected issues related to workplace democracy in Latin America and identifies salient issues for further research,…

Libraries, Policy, and Politics in a Democracy: Four Historical Epochs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jaeger, Paul T.; Gorham, Ursula; Sarin, Lindsay C.; Bertot, John Carlo

2013-01-01

This article explores the historical relationships between libraries, policy, and politics in the United States. Far too often, policy and political discussions related to libraries have little historical context. While libraries have long viewed themselves as a pillar of democracy by supporting informed, educated, and engaged citizenry, political…

A Pilgrimage to the Disneyland of Faith

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crowe, Justin; McWilliams, Susan; Beienburg, Sean

2010-01-01

As part of a course considering "American Democracy in Theory and Practice," we took 36 students to Rick Warren's Saddleback Church in Lake Forest, California. During that visit, students observed a community that seeks self-sufficiency and yet proves to be simultaneously responsive to and reflective of American democracy more broadly.…

Will Standards Save Public Education? New Democracy Forum Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meier, Deborah

The lead essay in this collection, "Educating a Democracy" by Deborah Meir, rejects the idea of a centralized authority that dictates how and what teachers teach. Standardization prevents citizens from shaping their own schools, classrooms, and communities. Schools teach democratic virtues and provide much of this teaching by example.…

Manual for the Comparative Politics Laboratory: Conditions for Effective Democracy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fogelman, Edwin; Zingale, Nancy

This manual introduces undergraduate students in political science to major types of data and methods for cross-national quantitative analysis. The manual's topic, Conditions for Effective Democracy, was chosen because it incorporates several different kinds of data and illustrates various methodological problems. The data are cross-sectional…

Democratic Education versus Smithian Efficiency: Prospects for a Deweyan Ideal in the "Neoliberal Age"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meens, David E.

2016-01-01

In this essay, David Meens examines the viability of John Dewey's democratic educational project, as presented in "Democracy and Education," under present economic and political conditions. He begins by considering "Democracy and Education's" central themes in historical context, arguing that Dewey's proposal for democratic…

Resources on Civic Education for Democracy: International Perspectives. Yearbook No. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pinhey, Laura A., Ed.; Boyer, Candace L., Ed.

This resource guide is intended to facilitate cooperation and exchange of knowledge among civic educators around the world. The guide is divided into six parts. Part 1 consists of three civic education papers: "Education and Democratic Citizenship: Where We Stand" (Albert Shanker); "Civil Society and Democracy Reconsidered"…

To Practice What One Preaches: Deepening Civic Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bain-Selbo, Eric; Markham, Paul

2012-01-01

American democracy is in disarray. While many colleges and universities have responded to the democracy crisis, their efforts are falling short. This article reviews the current situation of civic education in higher education, explores its promise and current shortcomings, and provides a radical proposal for deepening civic education and…

Forum V: The Challenge of '76: Educational Democracy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mayor's Office for Senior Citizens, St. Louis, MO.

This series of six dialogues televised in the St. Louis metropolitan area is designed to sensitize the general public to the needs of democracy and education within the framework of the Bicentennial. Participants in the dialogues include nationally prominent persons; local experts on education, humanism, and history; business people; and…

"Socializing Democracy": The Community Literacy Pedagogy of Jane Addams

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wendler, Rachael

2014-01-01

This article reclaims Jane Addams as a community literacy pedagogue and explicates her pedagogical theory through an analysis of her social thought. Addams' goal of "socializing democracy" through education led her to both encourage immigrant students to associate across difference and to assimilate into dominant literacies--tensions…

Critical Thinking: Foundational for Digital Literacies and Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gainer, Jesse

2012-01-01

This column addresses the importance of developing critical thinking to meet the demands of 21st-century literacies and participatory democracy. The author argues for a critical approach to digital literacies that explores the sociological nature of literacy practices. Students examine examples of new literacies and analyze how ideologies are…

Uneasy Relationships? Conceptions of "Citizenship", "Democracy" and "Diversity" in the English Citizenship Education Policymaking Process

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kiwan, Dina

2007-01-01

Multicultural societies such as the UK typically claim to embrace a model of "participative", "inclusive" and "democratic" citizenship. In this article, I examine conceptions of participative citizenship, democracy and diversity and how they inter-relate in the citizenship education policymaking process in England. I…

77 FR 66623 - National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-06

... and Health Disparities Special Emphasis Panel; NIMHD Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR... Marriott Suites, 6711 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20817. Contact Person: Robert Nettey, M.D., Chief... of Health, 6707 Democracy Blvd., Suite 800, Bethesda, MD 20892, (301) 496-3996, [email protected

Social Justice in Music Education: The Problematic of Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gould, Elizabeth

2007-01-01

While social justice concerns of feminist research in music education have been mostly ignored or rejected by the profession, democracy based on paternalist Enlightenment concepts of humanism and liberalism is generally understood and accepted with little or no consideration of its social and economic implications. More nuanced accounts refer to…

Civic Engagement and Psychosocial Well-Being in College Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flanagan, Constance; Bundick, Matthew

2011-01-01

By definition, democracies depend on citizens' involvement in their governance. Laws and institutions are necessary but insufficient for sustaining such systems; democracies also depend on certain psychological dispositions in the people, with an ethic of civic participation, trust in others, and tolerance of dissenting views topping the list. The…

75 FR 9997 - Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (ECA) Request for Grant Proposals (RFGP): One-time...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-04

... Diversity, Freedom and Democracy Guidelines Pursuant to the Bureau's authorizing legislation, projects must... encompass differences including, but not limited to, ethnicity, race, gender, religion, geographic location... exchange in countries whose people do not fully enjoy freedom and democracy,'' the Bureau ``shall take...

76 FR 14719 - Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (ECA) Request for Grant Proposals: Professional...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-17

... Diversity, Freedom and Democracy Guidelines Pursuant to the Bureau's authorizing legislation, programs must... encompass differences including, but not limited to ethnicity, race, gender, religion, geographic location... exchange in countries whose people do not fully enjoy freedom and democracy,'' the Bureau ``shall take...

75 FR 66413 - Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (ECA) Request for Grant Proposals: FY 2012 Fulbright...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-28

... Diversity, Freedom and Democracy Guidelines. Pursuant to the Bureau's authorizing legislation, programs must... encompass differences including, but not limited to ethnicity, race, gender, religion, geographic location... exchange in countries whose people do not fully enjoy freedom and democracy,'' the Bureau ``shall take...

75 FR 2181 - Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (ECA) Request for Grant Proposals: Global...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-14

... Solicitation Package for further information. IV.3d.2 Diversity, Freedom and Democracy Guidelines: Pursuant to... ethnicity, race, gender, religion, geographic location, socio-economic status, and physical challenges... whose people do not fully enjoy freedom and democracy,'' the Bureau ``shall take appropriate steps to...

Preparing Democratic Education Leaders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Young, Michelle D.

2010-01-01

Although it is common to hear people espouse the importance of education to ensuring a strong and vibrant democracy, the assumptions underlying such statements are rarely unpacked. Two of the most widespread, though not necessarily complimentary, assumptions include: (1) to truly participate in a democracy, citizens must be well educated; and (2)…