Implications of Intermodal Freight Movements for Infrastructure Access, Capacity, and Productivity

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-03-31

This report evaluates the status of intermodal freight in the U.S. with reference to infrastructure access problems such as inadequate highway connectors and facility clearance, and terminal capacity constraints affecting levels of service. Though th...

Locomotive fuel vapor reclamation system field evaluation and cost-benefit analysis : draft final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-10-21

This report summarizes the results of the work performed to install a diesel vapor reclamation unit (DVRU) on an SD70 MAC : locomotive of BNSF Railways and its performance evaluation during freight railroad service. One complete DVRU with several : s...

46 CFR 535.803 - Ocean freight forwarder compensation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 9 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Ocean freight forwarder compensation. 535.803 Section 535.803 Shipping FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION REGULATIONS AFFECTING OCEAN SHIPPING IN FOREIGN COMMERCE OCEAN COMMON CARRIER AND MARINE TERMINAL OPERATOR AGREEMENTS SUBJECT TO THE SHIPPING ACT OF 1984...

46 CFR 535.803 - Ocean freight forwarder compensation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Ocean freight forwarder compensation. 535.803 Section 535.803 Shipping FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION REGULATIONS AFFECTING OCEAN SHIPPING IN FOREIGN COMMERCE OCEAN COMMON CARRIER AND MARINE TERMINAL OPERATOR AGREEMENTS SUBJECT TO THE SHIPPING ACT OF 1984...

46 CFR 535.803 - Ocean freight forwarder compensation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 9 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Ocean freight forwarder compensation. 535.803 Section 535.803 Shipping FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION REGULATIONS AFFECTING OCEAN SHIPPING IN FOREIGN COMMERCE OCEAN COMMON CARRIER AND MARINE TERMINAL OPERATOR AGREEMENTS SUBJECT TO THE SHIPPING ACT OF 1984...

46 CFR 535.803 - Ocean freight forwarder compensation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 9 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Ocean freight forwarder compensation. 535.803 Section 535.803 Shipping FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION REGULATIONS AFFECTING OCEAN SHIPPING IN FOREIGN COMMERCE OCEAN COMMON CARRIER AND MARINE TERMINAL OPERATOR AGREEMENTS SUBJECT TO THE SHIPPING ACT OF 1984...

46 CFR 535.803 - Ocean freight forwarder compensation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 9 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Ocean freight forwarder compensation. 535.803 Section 535.803 Shipping FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION REGULATIONS AFFECTING OCEAN SHIPPING IN FOREIGN COMMERCE OCEAN COMMON CARRIER AND MARINE TERMINAL OPERATOR AGREEMENTS SUBJECT TO THE SHIPPING ACT OF 1984...

Impact of high oil prices on freight transportation : modal shift potential in five corridors, technical report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-10-01

In recent months the price of oil has risen sharply and with it, gasoline, diesel, and fuel oil prices. The : impact of these oil price increases is very strong as it flows through the U.S. economy. Firstly, its impact on : production costs results i...

Columbia Terminal Railroad (COLT) feasibility analysis

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-06-01

The Missouri Department of Transportation partnered with public agencies and a private company to determine expansion feasibility of intermodal freight movement through the Columbia Terminal Railroad (COLT) in Central Missouri. Businesses and shipper...

Could Expanded Freight Rail Reduce Air Pollution from Trucks?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bickford, E. E.; Holloway, T.; Johnston, M.

2010-12-01

Cars, trucks and trains are a significant source of emissions that impact both climate and air quality on regional to global scales. Diesel vehicles, most used for freight transport, account for 42% of on-road nitrogen oxide emissions, 58% of on-road fine particulate emissions, and 21% of on-road carbon dioxide emissions. With freight tonnage projected to increase 28% by 2018, and freight trucks the fastest growing source of transportation emissions, we evaluate the potential for increased rail capacity to reduce the environmental impacts of trucks. Most widely available mobile source emissions inventories contain insufficient spatial detail to quantify realistic emission scenario options, and none to date have been linked with commodity flow information in a manner appropriate to consider the true potential of rail substitution. To support a truck-to-rail analysis, and other policy assessments requiring roadway-by-roadway analysis, we have developed a freight emissions inventory for the Upper Midwest based on the Federal Highway Administration’s Freight Analysis Framework version 2.2 and the Environmental Protection Agency’s on-road emissions model, Mobile6.2. Using a Geographical Information System (GIS), we developed emissions scenarios for truck-to-rail modal shifts where 95% of freight tonnage on trips longer than 400 miles is shifted off of trucks and onto railways. Scenarios will be analyzed with the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) regional model to assess air quality impacts of associated changes. By using well-respected transportation data and realistic assumptions, results from this study have the potential to inform decisions on transportation sustainability, carbon management, public health, and air quality.

Greenhouse Gas and Noxious Emissions from Dual Fuel Diesel and Natural Gas Heavy Goods Vehicles.

PubMed

Stettler, Marc E J; Midgley, William J B; Swanson, Jacob J; Cebon, David; Boies, Adam M

2016-02-16

Dual fuel diesel and natural gas heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) operate on a combination of the two fuels simultaneously. By substituting diesel for natural gas, vehicle operators can benefit from reduced fuel costs and as natural gas has a lower CO2 intensity compared to diesel, dual fuel HGVs have the potential to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the freight sector. In this study, energy consumption, greenhouse gas and noxious emissions for five after-market dual fuel configurations of two vehicle platforms are compared relative to their diesel-only baseline values over transient and steady state testing. Over a transient cycle, CO2 emissions are reduced by up to 9%; however, methane (CH4) emissions due to incomplete combustion lead to CO2e emissions that are 50-127% higher than the equivalent diesel vehicle. Oxidation catalysts evaluated on the vehicles at steady state reduced CH4 emissions by at most 15% at exhaust gas temperatures representative of transient conditions. This study highlights that control of CH4 emissions and improved control of in-cylinder CH4 combustion are required to reduce total GHG emissions of dual fuel HGVs relative to diesel vehicles.

49 CFR 1152.32 - Calculation of avoidable costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...—CR 40-13-20 Do. Purchased services 41-13-20 Do. Other expenses 61-13-20 Do. Electric power systems.... Shop buildings—freight cars Salaries and wages 11-13-25 Do. Materials 21-13-25 Do. Repairs by others—DR... and maintenance Salaries and wages 11-21-41 Road diesel and road electric locomotive gross ton miles...

49 CFR 1152.32 - Calculation of avoidable costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...—CR 40-13-20 Do. Purchased services 41-13-20 Do. Other expenses 61-13-20 Do. Electric power systems.... Shop buildings—freight cars Salaries and wages 11-13-25 Do. Materials 21-13-25 Do. Repairs by others—DR... and maintenance Salaries and wages 11-21-41 Road diesel and road electric locomotive gross ton miles...

49 CFR 1152.32 - Calculation of avoidable costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...—CR 40-13-20 Do. Purchased services 41-13-20 Do. Other expenses 61-13-20 Do. Electric power systems.... Shop buildings—freight cars Salaries and wages 11-13-25 Do. Materials 21-13-25 Do. Repairs by others—DR... and maintenance Salaries and wages 11-21-41 Road diesel and road electric locomotive gross ton miles...

49 CFR 1152.32 - Calculation of avoidable costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...—CR 40-13-20 Do. Purchased services 41-13-20 Do. Other expenses 61-13-20 Do. Electric power systems.... Shop buildings—freight cars Salaries and wages 11-13-25 Do. Materials 21-13-25 Do. Repairs by others—DR... and maintenance Salaries and wages 11-21-41 Road diesel and road electric locomotive gross ton miles...

49 CFR 1152.32 - Calculation of avoidable costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...—CR 40-13-20 Do. Purchased services 41-13-20 Do. Other expenses 61-13-20 Do. Electric power systems.... Shop buildings—freight cars Salaries and wages 11-13-25 Do. Materials 21-13-25 Do. Repairs by others—DR... and maintenance Salaries and wages 11-21-41 Road diesel and road electric locomotive gross ton miles...

Proposed Rule and Related Materials for Control of Emissions of Air Pollution From Nonroad Diesel Engines Control of Air Pollution From Aircraft and Aircraft Engines; Proposed Emission Standards and Test Procedures

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA is proposing to adopt emission standards and related provisions for aircraft gas turbine engines with rated thrusts greater than 26.7 kilonewtons. These engines are used primarily on commercial passenger and freight aircraft.

Task Analysis for the Jobs of Freight Train Conductor and Brakeman. RDTR No. 263.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sanders, Mark S.; And Others

The principal tasks performed by conductors, rear brakemen, and head brakemen during over-the-road freight operations are identified and described in the report. Forty-four tasks and subtasks are analyzed and grouped into six categories: basic handling tasks, prerun preparation and starting off tasks, over-the-road tasks, terminating tasks,…

Overview of particulate exposures in the US trucking industry

PubMed Central

Smith, Thomas J.; Davis, Mary E.; Reaser, Paul; Natkin, Jonathan; Hart, Jaime E; Laden, Francine; Heff, Allan; Garshick, Eric

2007-01-01

As part of a large epidemiologic study of lung cancer, 55,000 subjects, we have conducted a nation-wide survey of particulate exposures in the US trucking industry. The goal is to differentiate the risks from various types of particulate exposures, such as traffic emissions and general air pollution. We hypothesize that exposures defined by job and work site characteristics can be linked with subjects using their personal job histories. This report covers exposures at 36 randomly sited large truck freight terminals in the US. Measurements were made of PM2.5, elemental carbon (EC), and organic carbon (OC) upwind of the terminal (background) and in work areas, and by personal samples. Significant differences in exposure intensity, dg/m3, were found for work locations and jobs relative to background levels (GM[GSD]) at terminal sites: PM2.5 9.8[2.34], EC 0.5[3.24], and OC 5.0[1.76]. Using EC as a marker for diesel particles, work locations varied significantly: office 0.3[3.7], dock area 0.7[2.89] and shop area 1.5[3.52]), as did job titles (non-smokers): clerk 0.1[9.98], dockworker 0.8[2.13], and mechanic 2.0[3.82]. Cigarette smoking contributed substantially to personal exposures, approximately doubling PM2.5 and OC, but having less of an effect on EC. Large differences were seen across the terminal sites due to differences in local regional air pollution levels from traffic and other sources. We conclude that it will be possible to estimate current exposures of the cohort using an exposure assignment matrix based on job title, work location, and terminal site. This distribution overlaps substantially with the general public’s exposure to these sources. PMID:16826284

Overview of particulate exposures in the US trucking industry.

PubMed

Smith, Thomas J; Davis, Mary E; Reaser, Paul; Natkin, Jonathan; Hart, Jaime E; Laden, Francine; Heff, Allan; Garshick, Eric

2006-07-01

As part of a large epidemiologic study of lung cancer, 55,000 subjects, we have conducted a nation-wide survey of particulate exposures in the US trucking industry. The goal is to differentiate the risks from various types of particulate exposures, such as traffic emissions and general air pollution. We hypothesize that exposures defined by job and work site characteristics can be linked with subjects using their personal job histories. This report covers exposures at 36 randomly chosen large truck freight terminals in the US. Measurements were made of PM2.5, elemental carbon (EC), and organic carbon (OC) upwind of the terminal (background) and in work areas, and by personal samples. Significant differences in exposure intensity, microg m(-3), were found for work locations and jobs relative to background levels (GM[GSD]) at terminal sites: PM2.5 9.8[2.34], EC 0.5[3.24], and OC 5.0[1.76]. Using EC as a marker for diesel particles, work locations varied significantly: office 0.3[3.7], dock area 0.7[2.89] and shop area 1.5[3.52]), as did job titles (non-smokers): clerk 0.1[9.98], dock worker 0.8[2.13], and mechanic 2.0[3.82]. Cigarette smoking contributed substantially to personal exposures, approximately doubling PM2.5 and OC, but having less of an effect on EC. Large differences were seen across the terminal sites due to differences in local regional air pollution levels from traffic and other sources. We conclude that it will be possible to estimate current exposures of the cohort using an exposure assignment matrix based on job title, work location, and terminal site. This distribution overlaps substantially with the general public's exposure to these sources.

Urban air chemistry and diesel vehicles emissions: Quantifying small and big hydrocarbons by CIMS to improve emission inventories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jobson, B. T.; Derstroff, B.; Edtbauer, A.; VanderSchelden, G. S.; Williams, J.

2017-10-01

Emissions from vehicles are a major source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urban environments. Photochemical oxidation of VOCs emitted from vehicle exhaust contributes to O3 and PM2.5 formation, harmful pollutants that major urban areas struggle to control. How will a shift to a diesel engine fleet impact urban air chemistry? Diesel vehicles are a growing fraction of the passenger vehicle fleet in Europe as a result of a deliberate policy to reduce energy consumption and CO2 emissions from the transportation sector (Sullivan et al., 2004). In countries such as France the diesel passenger fleet was already ∼50% of the total in 2009, up from 20% in 1995. Dunmore et al. (2015) have recently inferred that in London, HO radical loss rates to organic compounds is dominated by diesel engine emissions. In the US, increasingly more stringent vehicles emission standards and requirement for improved energy efficiency means spark ignition passenger vehicle emissions have declined significantly over the last 20 years, resulting in the urban diesel fleet traffic (freight trucks) having a growing importance as a source of vehicle pollution (McDonald et al., 2013). The recent scandal involving a major car manufacturer rigging emission controls for diesel passenger cars is a reminder that real world emissions of VOCs from diesel engines are not well understood nor thoroughly accounted for in air quality modeling.

Black carbon emissions from trucks and trains in the Midwestern and Northeastern United States from 1977 to 2007

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brown-Steiner, Benjamin; Hess, Peter; Chen, Jialie; Donaghy, Kieran

2016-03-01

We have developed a framework to estimate BC emissions from heavy-duty diesel trucks and trains engaged in transporting freight in the Midwestern and Northeastern United States (MNUS) from 1977 to 2007. We first expand on a previous development of a regional econometric input-output model (REIM) that has been used to estimate commodity flows between 13 states in the MNUS (plus the rest of the US) and 13 industrial sectors. These commodity flow data are then distributed over the MNUS using a stylized link-and-node network, which creates great circle transportation links between nodes in each state at the county with the largest population. Freight flows are converted to BC transportation emissions and the resulting BC emissions are compared to the MACCity BC emissions inventory. We find that from 1977 to 2007 potential emission growth from the continued increase in freight tonnage in the MWUS is counteracted by decreases in the BC emission factor of heavy-duty diesel trucks, which results in an overall decrease of BC emissions by 2007. One sector (fabricated metal product manufacturing) has dominated the BC transportation emissions throughout 1977 to 2007 with transportation emissions remaining relatively unchanged from 1977 to 1997 and then decreasing out to 2007. The BC transportation emissions are concentrated in and around the urban centers, which serve as transportation and production nodes for industrial manufacturing. Our BC emissions are distributed along stylized transportation corridors that are not well represented in emissions inventories that largely distribute emissions via a population proxy. The framework established in this study can be used to estimate future BC transportation emissions under a set of stylized economic, technological, and regulatory scenarios.

Freight on a Low-Carbon Diet: Accessibility, Freightsheds, and Commodities.

PubMed

Taptich, Michael N; Horvath, Arpad

2015-10-06

The freight infrastructure network (e.g., roads, railways, waterways, etc.) is the backbone of nearly all trade partnerships in the United States and abroad. The manner in which the individual portions of its constituent parts are interrelated or arranged plays an important role for determining the environmental footprint of goods moved within the network. Herein, we compare the spatial distribution of potential consumer-producer exchanges (i.e., accessibility) under varying greenhouse gas (GHG) budgets or preferences for minimal transportation-related GHG emissions. We conduct case studies using two freight modes (truck and intermodal rail) for two representative commodities: meat/seafood and paper articles. Results across all counties in the United States indicate that the geographic area in which trade is possible, given a GHG budget, varies by transportation mode, location, and commodity. Our results suggest that intermodal terminal availability is an important determinant of low-GHG accessibility. Since only a fraction of road-to-rail terminals accommodate meat/seafood (4.9%) and paper (0.7%), the United States could increase its expected GHG savings associated with truck-to-rail mode-switching policies by 70% (+20 kg CO2,e/ton for meat/seafood) and 310% (+30 kg CO2,e/ton for paper) by upgrading current terminals to allow the exchange of all types of goods.

Generator powered electrically heated diesel particulate filter

DOEpatents

Gonze, Eugene V; Paratore, Jr., Michael J

2014-03-18

A control circuit for a vehicle powertrain includes a switch that selectivity interrupts current flow between a first terminal and a second terminal. A first power source provides power to the first terminal and a second power source provides power to the second terminal and to a heater of a heated diesel particulate filter (DPF). The switch is opened during a DPF regeneration cycle to prevent the first power source from being loaded by the heater while the heater is energized.

High frequency of fumigants and other toxic gases in imported freight containers--an underestimated occupational and community health risk.

PubMed

Baur, Xaver; Poschadel, Bernd; Budnik, Lygia Therese

2010-03-01

Residues of pesticide fumigants and toxic industrial chemicals in freight containers represent a health hazard to employees and consumers, especially since freight containers are sealed for transport and distributed widely throughout the importing countries before being opened for unloading. We investigated 2113 freight containers arriving at the second largest container terminal in Europe, Hamburg, Germany, over a 10-week period in 2006. The countries of origin, type of contents and the pesticide fumigation history declared on labels attached to the container were recorded. We determined that 1478 (70%) containers were contaminated with toxic chemicals above chronic reference exposure levels; 761 (36%) even exceeded the higher acute reference exposure level thresholds. Benzene and/or formaldehyde contamination was 4-times greater than for fumigants. Our findings indicate a health risk for dockworkers, container unloaders and even end-consumers, especially as many of the cancerogenic or toxic gases elude subjective detection.

49 CFR 172.606 - Carrier information contact.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... (e.g., by telephone or mobile radio) in the event of an incident involving the hazardous material. (b) For transportation by highway, if a transport vehicle, (e.g., a semi-trailer or freight container-on... consignee or a facility (e.g., a carrier's terminal or a marine terminal) subject to the provisions of § 172...

49 CFR 172.606 - Carrier information contact.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... (e.g., by telephone or mobile radio) in the event of an incident involving the hazardous material. (b) For transportation by highway, if a transport vehicle, (e.g., a semi-trailer or freight container-on... consignee or a facility (e.g., a carrier's terminal or a marine terminal) subject to the provisions of § 172...

49 CFR 172.606 - Carrier information contact.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... (e.g., by telephone or mobile radio) in the event of an incident involving the hazardous material. (b) For transportation by highway, if a transport vehicle, (e.g., a semi-trailer or freight container-on... consignee or a facility (e.g., a carrier's terminal or a marine terminal) subject to the provisions of § 172...

Effects of wind on background particle concentrations at truck freight terminals.

PubMed

Garcia, Ronald; Hart, Jaime E; Davis, Mary E; Reaser, Paul; Natkin, Jonathan; Laden, Francine; Garshick, Eric; Smith, Thomas J

2007-01-01

Truck freight terminals are predominantly located near highways and industrial facilities. This proximity to pollution sources, coupled with meteorological conditions and wind patterns, may affect occupational exposures to particles at these work locations. To understand this process, data from an environmental sampling study of particles at U.S. trucking terminals, along with weather and geographic maps, were analyzed to determine the extent to which the transportation of particles from local pollutant sources elevated observed occupational exposures at these locations. To help identify potential upwind sources, wind direction weighted averages and speed measurements were used to construct wind roses that were superimposed on overhead photos of the terminal and examined for upwind source activity. Statistical tests were performed on these "source" and "nonsource" directions to determine whether there were significant differences in observed particle levels between the two groups. Our results provide evidence that nearby upwind pollution sources significantly elevated background concentrations at only a few of the locations sampled, whereas the majority provided little to no evidence of a significant upwind source effect.

Final Report - Freight Facilities and System Inventory

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1995-09-01

This report describes the general physical and operational characteristics and : bottlenecks to the efficient operation of intermodal terminals and systems in the New York metropolitan area and its vicinity.

The response of ozone to transportation technology and policy options

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Holloway, T.

2008-12-01

As the global economy grows, there is a corresponding increase in the number of passenger cars on the road and in the volume of goods shipped. Building on novel methods to estimate these transportation emissions, we evaluate the regional air quality impacts of personal vehicles and heavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDDV) for freight transport. In particular, we quantify the potential of technological and policy-based solutions to reduce mean ozone concentrations and the frequency of high ozone events. Although transportation contributes to a range of air quality challenges, ozone chemistry is particularly sensitive to vehicle emissions, with on-road vehicles accounting for 44 percent of all man-made U.S. NOx emissions, and HDDV accounting for nearly 42 percent of this on-road contribution. Our studies focus on the Upper Midwestern United States, where urban development, agricultural activities, lake effect meteorology, and cross-continental freight transport are all major drivers of ozone chemistry and transport. Results will be presented from a range of recently completed and ongoing studies evaluating the ozone impacts of urban vehicle travel, the response of freight emissions to fuel-conserving speed reduction measures, and the consequences of increased biofuel use.

Railway vehicle body structures

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1985-01-01

The strength and durability of railway vehicle structures is a major topic of engineering research and design. To reflect this importance the Railway Division of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers organised a conference to discuss all matters relating to railway vehicle design. This book presents the papers discussed in that conference. The contents include: Vehicle body design and the UIC's international contribution; LUL prototype 1986 stock - body structure; vehicle structure for the intermediate capacity transmit system vehicles; car body technology of advanced light rapid transit vehicles; concepts, techniques and experience in the idealization of car body structures for finitemore » element analysis; Calcutta metropolitan railway; design for a lightweight diesel multiple unit body; the design of lightweight inter-city coal structures; the BREL international coach body shell structure; new concepts and design techniques versus material standards; structures of BR diesel electric freight locomotives; structural design philosophy for electric locomotives; suspension design for a locomotive with low structural frequencies; freight wagon structures; a finite element study of coal bodyside panels including the effects of joint flexibility; a fresh approach to the problem of car body design strength; energy absorption in automatic couplings and draw gear; passenger vehicle design loads and structural crashworthiness; design of the front part of railway vehicles (in case of frontal impact); the development of a theoretical technique for rail vehicle structural crashworthiness.« less

49 CFR 387.413 - Forms and procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Forms and procedures. (f) Termination of Forms BMC-32 and BMC-34 for freight forwarders of property other than household goods. Form BMC-32 endorsements and Form BMC-34 certificates of insurance issued to...

Wired for success: A history of the Butte, Anaconda & Pacific Railway, 1892--1985

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mutschler, Charles Vincent

The Butte, Anaconda & Pacific Railway (BA&P) was a standard gauge common carrier short line railroad within the state of Montana. A subsidiary of the Anaconda Copper Mining Company, the BA&P was built to carry ore from mines at Butte, Montana to Anaconda, twenty-six miles away, for concentrating and smelting. Other freight and passenger business was of secondary importance. In 1912, when General Electric contracted to convert the BA&P from steam to electric operation, the short line became a proving ground for main line railroad electrification, and the center of attention from advocates for electric power. Electric operation was demonstrated to be mechanically superior to the use of steam locomotives on the BA&P. Immediately after the BA&P proved the technological feasibility of high voltage direct current for moving heavy freight trains, the Chicago Milwaukee & St. Paul (CM&St.P) electrified over 600 miles of transcontinental main line using the basic technology demonstrated on the BA&P. However, on long distances of track with relatively few trains such as the CM&St.P, the capital cost of the electric distribution system exceeded the operational savings obtained by use of electric locomotives. Steam locomotives remained the primary form of railroad motive power in the United States until the 1950's, when the diesel-electric locomotive combined the mechanical efficiency of electric motors with an on-board diesel generating plant, eliminating the need for expensive electric power supply and distribution wires of conventional electrics. The BA&P purchased three diesels in the early 1950's, but relied primarily on its electric locomotives until 1967, when diesel operation became less costly than continued use of electric motive power. The BA&P offers a microcosmic view of the transformation of one industry in response to technological and economic forces as the United States moved from reliance on coal-burning steam power to electric power and internal combustion. The differing equipment needs of mining companies and railroad companies are also examined in the history of the BA&P.

Freight Terminals Operating Environment

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1981-06-01

The research analysis has been directed toward (1) developing a realistic, quantitative description of the structure of the economic zones that are centered upon medium-size urban areas, (2) determining the nature of traffic in manufactured goods whi...

Diesel Mechanics. Performance Objectives. Intermediate Course.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tidwell, Joseph

Several intermediate performance objectives and corresponding criterion measures are listed for each of six terminal objectives for an intermediate diesel mechanics course (two semesters, 3 hours daily) designed for high school students who upon completion would be ready for an on-the-job training experience in diesel service and repair. Through…

40 CFR 80.510 - What are the standards and marker requirements for NRLM diesel fuel and ECA marine fuel?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... for in paragraph (i) of this section, any diesel fuel, other than jet fuel or kerosene that is... this section, any diesel fuel, other than jet fuel or kerosene that is downstream of a truck loading... diesel fuel, other than jet fuel or kerosene that is downstream of a truck loading terminal, that...

40 CFR 80.510 - What are the standards and marker requirements for NRLM diesel fuel and ECA marine fuel?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... for in paragraph (i) of this section, any diesel fuel, other than jet fuel or kerosene that is... this section, any diesel fuel, other than jet fuel or kerosene that is downstream of a truck loading... diesel fuel, other than jet fuel or kerosene that is downstream of a truck loading terminal, that...

Massport Air Emission Reduction Efforts and Community Enhancement Projects

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This page describes efforts at Massport to reduce their emissions, including their Clean Truck Replacement program at Conley Terminal, their rubber tire gantry crane repower, idle and truck trip reductions, park creation, and dedicated freight corridor.

Feasibility study for SOFC-GT hybrid locomotive power: Part I. Development of a dynamic 3.5 MW SOFC-GT FORTRAN model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martinez, Andrew S.; Brouwer, Jacob; Samuelsen, G. Scott

2012-09-01

This work presents the development of a dynamic SOFC-GT hybrid system model applied to a long-haul freight locomotive in operation. Given the expectations of the rail industry, the model is used to develop a preliminary analysis of the proposed system's operational capability on conventional diesel fuel as well as natural gas and hydrogen as potential fuels in the future. It is found that operation of the system on all three of these fuels is feasible with favorable efficiencies and reasonable dynamic response. The use of diesel fuel reformate in the SOFC presents a challenge to the electrochemistry, especially as it relates to control and optimization of the fuel utilization in the anode compartment. This is found to arise from the large amount of carbon monoxide in diesel reformate that is fed to the fuel cell, limiting the maximum fuel utilization possible. This presents an opportunity for further investigations into carbon monoxide electrochemical oxidation and/or system integration studies where the efficiency of the fuel reformer can be balanced against the needs of the SOFC.

Diesel Mechanics. Performance Objectives. Basic Course.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tidwell, Joseph

Several intermediate performance objectives and corresponding criterion measures are listed for each of 12 terminal objectives for a basic diesel mechanics course. The course is designed as a two-semester (2 hour daily) course for 10th graders interested in being diesel service and repair mechanics; it would serve as the first year of a 3-year…

Freight Wing Trailer Aerodynamics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Graham, Sean; Bigatel, Patrick

2004-10-17

Freight Wing Incorporated utilized the opportunity presented by this DOE category one Inventions and Innovations grant to successfully research, develop, test, patent, market, and sell innovative fuel and emissions saving aerodynamic attachments for the trucking industry. A great deal of past scientific research has demonstrated that streamlining box shaped semi-trailers can significantly reduce a truck's fuel consumption. However, significant design challenges have prevented past concepts from meeting industry needs. Market research early in this project revealed the demands of truck fleet operators regarding aerodynamic attachments. Products must not only save fuel, but cannot interfere with the operation of the truck,more » require significant maintenance, add significant weight, and must be extremely durable. Furthermore, SAE/TMC J1321 tests performed by a respected independent laboratory are necessary for large fleets to even consider purchase. Freight Wing used this information to create a system of three practical aerodynamic attachments for the front, rear and undercarriage of standard semi trailers. SAE/TMC J1321 Type II tests preformed by the Transportation Research Center (TRC) demonstrated a 7% improvement to fuel economy with all three products. If Freight Wing is successful in its continued efforts to gain market penetration, the energy and environmental savings would be considerable. Each truck outfitted saves approximately 1,100 gallons of fuel every 100,000 miles, which prevents over 12 tons of CO2 from entering the atmosphere. If all applicable trailers used the technology, the country could save approximately 1.8 billion gallons of diesel fuel, 18 million tons of emissions and 3.6 billion dollars annually.« less

Occupational Diesel Exposure, Duration of Employment, and Lung Cancer

PubMed Central

Picciotto, Sally; Costello, Sadie; Eisen, Ellen A.

2016-01-01

Background: If less healthy workers terminate employment earlier, thus accumulating less exposure, yet remain at greater risk of the health outcome, estimated health effects of cumulative exposure will be biased downward. If exposure also affects termination of employment, then the bias cannot be addressed using conventional methods. We examined these conditions as a prelude to a reanalysis of lung cancer mortality in the Diesel Exhaust in Miners Study. Methods: We applied an accelerated failure time model to assess the effect of exposures to respirable elemental carbon (a surrogate for diesel) on time to termination of employment among nonmetal miners who ever worked underground (n = 8,307). We then applied the parametric g-formula to assess how possible interventions setting respirable elemental carbon exposure limits would have changed lifetime risk of lung cancer, adjusting for time-varying employment status. Results: Median time to termination was 36% shorter (95% confidence interval = 33%, 39%), per interquartile range width increase in respirable elemental carbon exposure. Lung cancer risk decreased with more stringent interventions, with a risk ratio of 0.8 (95% confidence interval = 0.5, 1.1) comparing a limit of ≤25 µg/m3 respirable elemental carbon to no intervention. The fraction of cases attributable to diesel exposure was 27% in this population. Conclusions: The g-formula controlled for time-varying confounding by employment status, the signature of healthy worker survivor bias, which was also affected by diesel exposure. It also offers an alternative approach to risk assessment for estimating excess cumulative risk, and the impact of interventions based entirely on an observed population. PMID:26426944

Freight Advanced Traveler Information System (FRATIS) – Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) prototype : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-05-01

This is the Final Report for the FRATIS Dallas-Fort Worth DFW prototype system. The FRATIS prototype in DFW consisted of the following components: optimization algorithm, terminal wait time, route specific navigation/traffic/weather, and advanced not...

24. Photocopy of construction drawing (microfilm in NJ TRANSIT archive, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

24. Photocopy of construction drawing (microfilm in NJ TRANSIT archive, Newark, N.J., uncatalogued), Elevations & Sections, 1930. - Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad Freight & Rail Yard, Multiple Unit Light Inspection Shed, New Jersey Transit Hoboken Terminal Rail Yard, Hoboken, Hudson County, NJ

25. Photocopy of construction drawing (microfilm in NJ TRANSIT archive, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

25. Photocopy of construction drawing (microfilm in NJ TRANSIT archive, Newark, N.J., uncatalogued), Floor Plan, 1930. - Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad Freight & Rail Yard, Multiple Unit Light Inspection Shed, New Jersey Transit Hoboken Terminal Rail Yard, Hoboken, Hudson County, NJ

The GREET Model Expansion for Well-to-Wheels Analysis of Heavy-Duty Vehicles

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cai, Hao; Burnham, Andrew; Wang, Michael

2015-05-01

Heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) account for a significant portion of the U.S. transportation sector’s fuel consumption, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and air pollutant emissions. In our most recent efforts, we expanded the Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Transportation (GREETTM) model to include life-cycle analysis of HDVs. In particular, the GREET expansion includes the fuel consumption, GHG emissions, and air pollutant emissions of a variety of conventional (i.e., diesel and/or gasoline) HDV types, including Class 8b combination long-haul freight trucks, Class 8b combination short-haul freight trucks, Class 8b dump trucks, Class 8a refuse trucks, Class 8a transit buses, Classmore » 8a intercity buses, Class 6 school buses, Class 6 single-unit delivery trucks, Class 4 single-unit delivery trucks, and Class 2b heavy-duty pickup trucks and vans. These vehicle types were selected to represent the diversity in the U.S. HDV market, and specific weight classes and body types were chosen on the basis of their fuel consumption using the 2002 Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey (VIUS) database. VIUS was also used to estimate the fuel consumption and payload carried for most of the HDV types. In addition, fuel economy projections from the U.S. Energy Information Administration, transit databases, and the literature were examined. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s latest Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator was employed to generate tailpipe air pollutant emissions of diesel and gasoline HDV types.« less

26 CFR 1.281-3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... furnishing of terminal trackage, the operation of stockyards or a union passenger or freight station, and the operation of railroad bridges and ferries. The providing of the designated facilities includes the leasing... which is designated in this subparagraph. Thus, although income from the operation of a commuter...

A multioutput cost function for port terminals : some guidelines for regulation

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-10-01

Cargo handling in ports is a multi-output activity, as freight can arrive in many forms such as containers, bulk, rolling stock, or non-containerized general cargo. Port regulation is not an easy task considering the diversity of activities that occu...

Freight Advanced Traveler Information System (FRATIS) – Dallas-Fort Worth : as-built system architecture and design.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-03-01

This document describes the As-Built System Architecture and Design for the FRATIS Dallas-Fort Worth DFW prototype system. The FRATIS prototype in DFW consisted of the following components: optimization algorithm, terminal wait time, route specific n...

26 CFR 48.4081-2 - Taxable fuel; tax on removal at a terminal rack.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... connection with the removal of diesel fuel or kerosene that is not dyed and marked in accordance with § 48... fuel or kerosene is dyed and marked in accordance with § 48.4082-1. (4) Example. The following example... blendstocks), 48.4082-1 (relating to dyed diesel fuel and dyed kerosene), 48.4082-5 (relating to diesel fuel...

26 CFR 48.4081-2 - Taxable fuel; tax on removal at a terminal rack.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... connection with the removal of diesel fuel or kerosene that is not dyed and marked in accordance with § 48... fuel or kerosene is dyed and marked in accordance with § 48.4082-1. (4) Example. The following example... blendstocks), 48.4082-1 (relating to dyed diesel fuel and dyed kerosene), 48.4082-5 (relating to diesel fuel...

26 CFR 48.4081-2 - Taxable fuel; tax on removal at a terminal rack.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... connection with the removal of diesel fuel or kerosene that is not dyed and marked in accordance with § 48... fuel or kerosene is dyed and marked in accordance with § 48.4082-1. (4) Example. The following example... blendstocks), 48.4082-1 (relating to dyed diesel fuel and dyed kerosene), 48.4082-5 (relating to diesel fuel...

Emissions of black carbon and co-pollutants emitted from diesel vehicles in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zavala, Miguel; Molina, Luisa T.; Fortner, Edward; Knighton, Berk; Herndon, Scott; Yacovitch, Tara; Floerchinger, Cody; Roscioli, Joseph; Kolb, Charles; Mejia, Jose Antonio; Sarmiento, Jorge; Paramo, Victor Hugo; Zirath, Sergio; Jazcilevich, Aron

2014-05-01

Black carbon emitted from freight, public transport, and heavy duty trucks sources is linked with adverse effects on human health. In addition, the control of emissions of black carbon, an important short-lived climate forcing agent (SLCF), has recently been considered as one of the key strategies for mitigating regional near-term climate change. Despite the availability of new emissions control technologies for reducing emissions from diesel-powered mobile sources, their introduction is still not widespread in many urban areas and there is a need to characterize real-world emission rates of black carbon from this key source. The emissions of black carbon, organic carbon, and other gaseous and particle pollutants from diesel-powered mobile sources in Mexico were characterized by deploying a mobile laboratory equipped with real-time instrumentation in Mexico City as part of the SLCFs-Mexico 2013 project. From February 25-28 of 2013 the emissions from selected diesel-powered vehicles were measured in both controlled experiments and real-world on-road driving conditions. Sampled vehicles had several emissions levels technologies, including: EPA98, EPA03, EPA04, EURO3-5, and Hybrid. All vehicles were sampled using diesel fuel and several vehicles were measured using both diesel and biodiesel fuels. Additional measurements included the use of a remote sensing unit for the co-sampling of all tested vehicles, and the installation and operation of a Portable Emissions Measurements System (PEMS) for the measurement of emissions from a test vehicle. We will present inter-comparisons of the emission factors obtained among the various vehicle technologies that were sampled during the experiment as well as the inter-comparison of results from the various sampling platforms. The results can be used to

Simulated Fuel Economy and Emissions Performance during City and Interstate Driving for a Heavy-Duty Hybrid Truck

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Daw, C. Stuart; Gao, Zhiming; Smith, David E.

2013-04-08

We compare simulated fuel economy and emissions for both conventional and hybrid class 8 heavy-duty diesel trucks operating over multiple urban and highway driving cycles. Both light and heavy freight loads were considered, and all simulations included full aftertreatment for NOx and particulate emissions controls. The aftertreatment components included a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), urea-selective catalytic NOx reduction (SCR), and a catalyzed diesel particulate filter (DPF). Our simulated hybrid powertrain was configured with a pre-transmission parallel drive, with a single electric motor between the clutch and gearbox. A conventional HD truck with equivalent diesel engine and aftertreatment was also simulatedmore » for comparison. Our results indicate that hybridization can significantly increase HD fuel economy and improve emissions control in city driving. However, there is less potential hybridization benefit for HD highway driving. A major factor behind the reduced hybridization benefit for highway driving is that there are fewer opportunities to utilize regenerative breaking. Our aftertreatment simulations indicate that opportunities for passive DPF regeneration are much greater for both hybrid and conventional trucks during highway driving due to higher sustained exhaust temperatures. When passive DPF regeneration is extensively utilized, the fuel penalty for particulate control is virtually eliminated, except for the 0.4%-0.9% fuel penalty associated with the slightly higher exhaust backpressure.« less

75 FR 25309 - Notice of Final Federal Agency Actions on Proposed Expanded Intermodal Freight Terminal in Michigan

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-07

... 1964 [42 U.S.C. 2000(d)-2000(d)(1)]; American Indians Religious Freedom Act [42 U.S.C. 1996]; Farmland...; E.O. 11593, Protection and Enhancement of Cultural Resources; E.O. 13007, Indian Sacred Sites; E.O...

75 FR 49017 - America's Marine Highway Grant Notice of Funding Availability

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-12

... provide public benefit by transporting passengers and/or freight (container or wheeled) in support of all... infrastructure (wharves, docks, terminals, paving, etc.), --Cargo, passenger and/or vessel handling equipment... and keeping track of entities receiving Federal funds. The identifier is used for tracking purposes...

Effects of diesel particle filter retrofits and accelerated fleet turnover on drayage truck emissions at the Port of Oakland.

PubMed

Dallmann, Timothy R; Harley, Robert A; Kirchstetter, Thomas W

2011-12-15

Heavy-duty diesel drayage trucks have a disproportionate impact on the air quality of communities surrounding major freight-handling facilities. In an attempt to mitigate this impact, the state of California has mandated new emission control requirements for drayage trucks accessing ports and rail yards in the state beginning in 2010. This control rule prompted an accelerated diesel particle filter (DPF) retrofit and truck replacement program at the Port of Oakland. The impact of this program was evaluated by measuring emission factor distributions for diesel trucks operating at the Port of Oakland prior to and following the implementation of the emission control rule. Emission factors for black carbon (BC) and oxides of nitrogen (NO(x)) were quantified in terms of grams of pollutant emitted per kilogram of fuel burned using a carbon balance method. Concentrations of these species along with carbon dioxide were measured in the exhaust plumes of individual diesel trucks as they drove by en route to the Port. A comparison of emissions measured before and after the implementation of the truck retrofit/replacement rule shows a 54 ± 11% reduction in the fleet-average BC emission factor, accompanied by a shift to a more highly skewed emission factor distribution. Although only particulate matter mass reductions were required in the first year of the program, a significant reduction in the fleet-average NO(x) emission factor (41 ± 5%) was observed, most likely due to the replacement of older trucks with new ones.

Parameter Optimization and Operating Strategy of a TEG System for Railway Vehicles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heghmanns, A.; Wilbrecht, S.; Beitelschmidt, M.; Geradts, K.

2016-03-01

A thermoelectric generator (TEG) system demonstrator for diesel electric locomotives with the objective of reducing the mechanical load on the thermoelectric modules (TEM) is developed and constructed to validate a one-dimensional thermo-fluid flow simulation model. The model is in good agreement with the measurements and basis for the optimization of the TEG's geometry by a genetic multi objective algorithm. The best solution has a maximum power output of approx. 2.7 kW and does not exceed the maximum back pressure of the diesel engine nor the maximum TEM hot side temperature. To maximize the reduction of the fuel consumption, an operating strategy regarding the system power output for the TEG system is developed. Finally, the potential consumption reduction in passenger and freight traffic operating modes is estimated under realistic driving conditions by means of a power train and lateral dynamics model. The fuel savings are between 0.5% and 0.7%, depending on the driving style.

40 CFR 80.502 - What definitions apply for purposes of this subpart?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... this subpart? 80.502 Section 80.502 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY...; Nonroad, Locomotive, and Marine Diesel Fuel; and ECA Marine Fuel General Information § 80.502 What... loading terminal means any facility that dyes NRLM diesel fuel or ECA marine fuel, pays taxes on motor...

Correlates of fruit and vegetable consumption among construction laborers and motor freight workers

PubMed Central

Nagler, Eve M.; Viswanath, K.; Ebbeling, Cara B.; Stoddard, Anne M.; Sorensen, Glorian C.

2013-01-01

Purpose To compare and contrast correlates of fruit and vegetable consumption in two blue-collar populations: construction laborers and motor freight workers. Methods Cross-sectional data were collected from two groups of male workers: (1) construction laborers (N=1013; response rate = 44%) randomly selected from a national sample, as part of a diet and smoking cessation study; and (2) motor freight workers (N=542; response rate = 78%) employed in eight trucking terminals, as part of a tobacco cessation and weight management study. Data were analyzed using linear regression modeling methods. Results For both groups, higher income and believing it was important to eat right because of work were positively associated with fruit and vegetable consumption; conversely, being White was associated with lower intake. Construction laborers who reported eating junk food due to workplace stress and fatigue had lower fruit and vegetable intake. For motor freight workers, perceiving fast food to be the only choice at work and lack of time to eat right were associated with lower consumption. Conclusion Comparing occupational groups illustrates how work experiences may be related to fruit and vegetable consumption in different ways as well as facilitates the development of interventions that can be used across groups. PMID:22729935

Correlates of fruit and vegetable consumption among construction laborers and motor freight workers.

PubMed

Nagler, Eve M; Viswanath, K; Ebbeling, Cara B; Stoddard, Anne M; Sorensen, Glorian

2013-04-01

The aim of this study was to compare and contrast correlates of fruit and vegetable consumption in two blue-collar populations: construction laborers and motor freight workers. Cross-sectional data were collected from two groups of male workers: (1) construction laborers (n = 1,013; response rate = 44 %) randomly selected from a national sample, as part of a diet and smoking cessation study; and (2) motor freight workers (n = 542; response rate = 78 %) employed in eight trucking terminals, as part of a tobacco cessation and weight management study. Data were analyzed using linear regression modeling methods. For both groups, higher income and believing it was important to eat right because of work were positively associated with fruit and vegetable consumption; conversely, being white was associated with lower intake. Construction laborers who reported eating junk food due to workplace stress and fatigue had lower fruit and vegetable intake. For motor freight workers, perceiving fast food to be the only choice at work and lack of time to eat right were associated with lower consumption. Comparing occupational groups illustrates how work experiences may be related to fruit and vegetable consumption in different ways as well as facilitates the development of interventions that can be used across groups.

Assessment of Logistical Support for Expeditionary Units

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-06-01

AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE A 13. ABSTRACT (maximum 200 words ...port and air cargo handling, customs inspections, contingency contracting, fuels procurement and distribution, freight terminal and warehouse...Supply department is the principal financial, procurement, inventory, and customer service managers within the command. Both Supply and Materiel

46 CFR 280.11 - Example of calculation and sample report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... subsidized under an ODS agreement made in accordance with § 280.3. Total annual subsidy payable for Company A... carriage of competitive cargo. Accordingly, total ODS payable to Company A for voyages terminated during... of service ODS payable $400,000 (Outbound freight revenue, $4 million, divided by total gross revenue...

49 CFR 260.23 - Form and content of application generally.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... analyses and studies that have been performed to determine present and future demand for rail services or... with improved service; (2) Description of the impact of the project upon the projected freight or passenger traffic to be originated, terminated, or carried by the Applicant for at least the five years...

26 CFR 48.4081-3 - Taxable fuel; taxable events other than removal at the terminal rack.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... kerosene that has been taxed under section 4081. (3) Examples. The following examples illustrate the....4081-4 (relating to gasoline blendstocks), 48.4082-1 (relating to dyed diesel fuel and dyed kerosene), 48.4082-5 (relating to diesel fuel and kerosene used in Alaska), 48.4082-6 (relating to aviation...

26 CFR 48.4081-3 - Taxable fuel; taxable events other than removal at the terminal rack.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... kerosene that has been taxed under section 4081. (3) Examples. The following examples illustrate the....4081-4 (relating to gasoline blendstocks), 48.4082-1 (relating to dyed diesel fuel and dyed kerosene), 48.4082-5 (relating to diesel fuel and kerosene used in Alaska), 48.4082-6 (relating to aviation...

26 CFR 48.4081-3 - Taxable fuel; taxable events other than removal at the terminal rack.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... kerosene that has been taxed under section 4081. (3) Examples. The following examples illustrate the....4081-4 (relating to gasoline blendstocks), 48.4082-1 (relating to dyed diesel fuel and dyed kerosene), 48.4082-5 (relating to diesel fuel and kerosene used in Alaska), 48.4082-6 (relating to aviation...

Electrically resistive coating for remediation (regeneration) of a diesel particulate filter and method

DOEpatents

Phelps, Amanda C [Malibu, CA; Kirby, Kevin K [Calabasas Hills, CA; Gregoire, Daniel J [Thousand Oaks, CA

2012-02-14

A resistively heated diesel particulate filter (DPF). The resistively heated DPF includes a DPF having an inlet surface and at least one resistive coating on the inlet surface. The at least one resistive coating is configured to substantially maintain its resistance in an operating range of the DPF. The at least one resistive coating has a first terminal and a second terminal for applying electrical power to resistively heat up the at least one resistive coating in order to increase the temperature of the DPF to a regeneration temperature. The at least one resistive coating includes metal and semiconductor constituents.

Driver exposure to combustion particles in the U.S. Trucking industry.

PubMed

Davis, M E; Smith, T J; Laden, F; Hart, J E; Blicharz, A P; Reaser, P; Garshick, E

2007-11-01

A large study of combustion particle exposures for drivers of diesel-powered trucks was conducted in collaboration with an epidemiologic study of lung cancer outcomes for workers in the trucking industry. Three components of diesel exhaust combustion particles (PM(2.5), elemental carbon, and organic carbon) were measured inside the driver cabs of diesel-powered trucks from 36 different trucking terminals across the United States between 2001 and 2005. In-cab particle exposures for drivers assigned to both short and long distance trips were observed, as well as information on the smoking status of the driver, truck characteristics such as age and model, and weather conditions during the sampling session. This article summarizes these findings and describes the relationship between exhaust particles and various determinants of exposure. The results suggest that in-cab particle exposures are positively related to smoking, ambient particle concentrations, truck age, and open windows, with other significant modifying factors such as weather. This study represents the largest and most comprehensive exposure assessment of drivers in the trucking industry, encompassing a 4-year period of observations on diesel and exhaust particle exposures nationwide. The results are relevant not only to the occupational group of truck drivers being examined but also to the general population that live, commute, or work within proximity to diesel-fueled traffic or trucking terminals.

Particulate morphology of waste cooking oil biodiesel and diesel in a heavy duty diesel engine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hwang, Joonsik; Jung, Yongjin; Bae, Choongsik

2014-08-01

The effect of biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil (WCO) on the particulate matters (PM) of a direct injection (DI) diesel engine was experimentally investigated and compared with commercial diesel fuel. Soot agglomerates were collected with a thermophoretic sampling device installed in the exhaust pipe of the engine. The morphology of soot particles was analyzed using high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The elemental and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were also conducted to study chemical composition of soot particles. Based on the TEM images, it was revealed that the soot derived from WCO biodiesel has a highly graphitic shell-core arrangement compared to diesel soot. The mean size was measured from averaging 400 primary particles for WCO biodiesel and diesel respectively. The values for WCO biodiesel indicated 19.9 nm which was smaller than diesel's 23.7 nm. From the TGA results, WCO biodiesel showed faster oxidation process. While the oxidation of soot particles from diesel continued until 660°C, WCO biodiesel soot oxidation terminated at 560°C. Elemental analysis results showed that the diesel soot was mainly composed of carbon and hydrogen. On the other hand, WCO biodiesel soot contained high amount of oxygen species.

In situ bioremediation of an underground diesel fuel spill: A case history

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frankenberger, W. T.; Emerson, K. D.; Turner, D. W.

1989-05-01

In the winter months of 1983, approximately 1000 gallons of diesel fuel had flowed along an asphalt parking lot of a commercial establishment towards a surface drain near an open creek. Investigations led to the discovery of an underground storage tank leaking diesel fuel. Exploratory borings showed that contamination was near the surface horizon and the capillary zone of the water table. Hydrocarbon quantities ranged up to 1500 mg/kg of soil. The plume continued to move in an eastward direction toward the surface water of the creek. A laboratory study indicated relatively high numbers of hydrocarbon-oxidizing organisms relative to glucose-utilizing microorganisms in the unsaturated vadose zone. Bioreclamation was initiated in April 1984 by injecting nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and hydrogen peroxide and terminated in October 1984 upon no detection (<1 mg/kg) of hydrocarbons. A verification boring within the vicinity of the contaminated plume confirmed that residual contamination had attained background levels. The monitoring program was terminated in January 1987.

Regulated and non-regulated emissions from in-use diesel-electric switching locomotives.

PubMed

Sawant, Aniket A; Nigam, Abhilash; Miller, J Wayne; Johnson, Kent C; Cocker, David R

2007-09-01

Diesel-electric locomotives are vital to the operation of freight railroads in the United States, and emissions from this source category have generated interest in recent years. They are also gaining attention as an important emission source under the larger set of nonroad sources, both from a regulated emissions and health effects standpoint. The present work analyzes regulated (NOx, PM, THC, CO) and non-regulated emissions from three in-use diesel-electric switching locomotives using standardized sampling and analytical techniques. The engines tested in this work were from 1950, 1960, and 1970 and showed a range of NOx and PM emissions. In general, non-regulated gaseous emissions showed a sharp increase as engines shifted from non-idle to idle operating modes. This is interesting from an emissions perspective since activity data shows that these locomotives spend around 60% of their time idling. In terms of polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contributions, the dominance of naphthalene and its derivatives over the total PAH emissions was apparent, similar to observations for on-road diesel tractors. Among nonnaphthalenic species, itwas observed that lower molecular weight PAHs and n-alkanes dominated their respective compound classes. Regulated emissions from a newer technology engine used in a back-up generator (BUG) application were also compared againstthe present engines; it was determined that use of the newer engine may lower NOx and PM emissions by up to 30%. Another area of interest to regulators is better estimation of the marine engine inventory for port operations. Toward that end, a comparison of emissions from these engines with engine manufacturer data and the newer technology BUG engine was also performed for a marine duty cycle, another application where these engines are used typically with little modifications.

13. Photocopy of drawing dated January 20, 1958, CROSS SECTION, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

13. Photocopy of drawing dated January 20, 1958, CROSS SECTION, REHABILITATION OF PIERSHED AT FOOT OF 29TH ST. city of New York Department of Marine and Aviation, Contract 3049, Drawing 3. (On file, City of New York Department of Ports and Trade). - South Brooklyn Freight Terminal, 29th Street Pier, Opposite end of Twenty-ninth Street on upper New York Bay, Brooklyn, Kings County, NY

12. Photocopy of drawing dated January 20, 1958, GENERAL PLAN, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

12. Photocopy of drawing dated January 20, 1958, GENERAL PLAN, REHABILITATION OF PIERSHED AT FOOT OF 29TH ST. City of New York Department of Marine and Aviation, Contract 3049, Drawing 1. (On file, City of New York Department of Ports and Trade). - South Brooklyn Freight Terminal, 29th Street Pier, Opposite end of Twenty-ninth Street on upper New York Bay, Brooklyn, Kings County, NY

15. Photocopy of drawing dated January 20, 1958, END ELEVATIONS, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

15. Photocopy of drawing dated January 20, 1958, END ELEVATIONS, REHABILITATION OF PIERSHED AT FOOT OF 29TH ST. City of New York Department of Marine and Aviation, Contract 3049, Drawing 2. (On file, City of New York Department of Ports and Trade). - South Brooklyn Freight Terminal, 29th Street Pier, Opposite end of Twenty-ninth Street on upper New York Bay, Brooklyn, Kings County, NY

16. Photocopy of drawing dated January 20, 1958, SIDE ELEVATIONS ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

16. Photocopy of drawing dated January 20, 1958, SIDE ELEVATIONS AND DETAILS, REHABILITATION OF PIERSHED AT FOOT OF 29TH ST. city of New York Department of Marine and Aviation, Contract 3049, Drawing 2. (On file, city of New York Department of Ports and Trade). - South Brooklyn Freight Terminal, 29th Street Pier, Opposite end of Twenty-ninth Street on upper New York Bay, Brooklyn, Kings County, NY

14. Photocopy of drawing dated January 20, 1958, FRONT FRAMING, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

14. Photocopy of drawing dated January 20, 1958, FRONT FRAMING, REHABILITATION OF PIERSHED AT FOOT OF 29TH ST. City of New York Department of Marine and Aviation, Contract 3049, Drawing 5. (On file, City of New York Department of Ports and Trade). - South Brooklyn Freight Terminal, 29th Street Pier, Opposite end of Twenty-ninth Street on upper New York Bay, Brooklyn, Kings County, NY

10. Photocopy of drawing dated November 25, 1957, DETAILS & ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

10. Photocopy of drawing dated November 25, 1957, DETAILS & GENERAL DECK PLAN, REHABILITATION OF 29TH ST. PIER, GOWANUS BAY. city of New York Department of Marine and Aviation, Contract 2994, Drawing 2. (On file, city of New York Department of Ports and Trade). - South Brooklyn Freight Terminal, 29th Street Pier, Opposite end of Twenty-ninth Street on upper New York Bay, Brooklyn, Kings County, NY

11. Photocopy of drawing dated November 25, 1957, SECTIONS & ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

11. Photocopy of drawing dated November 25, 1957, SECTIONS & METHODS OF REPAIR, REHABILITATION OF 29TH ST. PIER, GOWANUS BAY. City of New York Department of Marine and Aviation, Contract 2994, Drawing 1. (On file, City of New York Department of Ports and Trade). - South Brooklyn Freight Terminal, 29th Street Pier, Opposite end of Twenty-ninth Street on upper New York Bay, Brooklyn, Kings County, NY

High Efficiency, Clean Combustion

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Donald Stanton

2010-03-31

Energy use in trucks has been increasing at a faster rate than that of automobiles within the U.S. transportation sector. According to the Energy Information Administration (EIA) Annual Energy Outlook (AEO), a 23% increase in fuel consumption for the U.S. heavy duty truck segment is expected between 2009 to 2020. The heavy duty vehicle oil consumption is projected to grow between 2009 and 2050 while light duty vehicle (LDV) fuel consumption will eventually experience a decrease. By 2050, the oil consumption rate by LDVs is anticipated to decrease below 2009 levels due to CAFE standards and biofuel use. In contrast,more » the heavy duty oil consumption rate is anticipated to double. The increasing trend in oil consumption for heavy trucks is linked to the vitality, security, and growth of the U.S. economy. An essential part of a stable and vibrant U.S. economy is a productive U.S. trucking industry. Studies have shown that the U.S. gross domestic product (GDP) is strongly correlated to freight transport. Over 90% of all U.S. freight tonnage is transported by diesel power and over 75% is transported by trucks. Given the vital role that the trucking industry plays in the economy, improving the efficiency of the transportation of goods was a central focus of the Cummins High Efficient Clean Combustion (HECC) program. In a commercial vehicle, the diesel engine remains the largest source of fuel efficiency loss, but remains the greatest opportunity for fuel efficiency improvements. In addition to reducing oil consumption and the dependency on foreign oil, this project will mitigate the impact on the environment by meeting US EPA 2010 emissions regulations. Innovation is a key element in sustaining a U.S. trucking industry that is competitive in global markets. Unlike passenger vehicles, the trucking industry cannot simply downsize the vehicle and still transport the freight with improved efficiency. The truck manufacturing and supporting industries are faced with numerous challenges to reduce oil consumption and greenhouse gases, meet stringent emissions regulations, provide customer value, and improve safety. The HECC program successfully reduced engine fuel consumption and greenhouse gases while providing greater customer valve. The US EPA 2010 emissions standard poses a significant challenge for developing clean diesel powertrains that meet the DoE Vehicle Technologies Multi-Year Program Plan (MYPP) for fuel efficiency improvement while remaining affordable. Along with exhaust emissions, an emphasis on heavy duty vehicle fuel efficiency is being driven by increased energy costs as well as the potential regulation of greenhouse gases. An important element of the success of meeting emissions while significantly improving efficiency is leveraging Cummins component technologies such as fuel injection equipment, aftertreatment, turbomahcinery, electronic controls, and combustion systems. Innovation in component technology coupled with system integration is enabling Cummins to move forward with the development of high efficiency clean diesel products with a long term goal of reaching a 55% peak brake thermal efficiency for the engine plus aftertreatment system. The first step in developing high efficiency clean products has been supported by the DoE co-sponsored HECC program. The objectives of the HECC program are: (1) To design and develop advanced diesel engine architectures capable of achieving US EPA 2010 emission regulations while improving the brake thermal efficiency by 10% compared to the baseline (a state of the art 2007 production diesel engine). (2) To design and develop components and subsystems (fuel systems, air handling, controls, etc) to enable construction and development of multi-cylinder engines. (3) To perform an assessment of the commercial viability of the newly developed engine technology. (4) To specify fuel properties conducive to improvements in emissions, reliability, and fuel efficiency for engines using high-efficiency clean combustion (HECC) technologies. To demonstrate the technology is compatible with B20 (biodiesel). (5) To further improve the brake thermal efficiency of the engine as integrated into the vehicle. To demonstrate robustness and commercial viability of the HECC engine technology as integrated into the vehicles. The Cummins HECC program supported the Advanced Combustion Engine R&D and Fuels Technology initiatives of the DoE Vehicle Technologies Multi-Year Program Plan (MYPP). In particular, the HECC project goals enabled the DoE Vehicle Technologies Program (VTP) to meet energy-efficiency improvement targets for advanced combustion engines suitable for passenger and commercial vehicles, as well as addressing technology barriers and R&D needs that are common between passenger and commercial vehicle applications of advanced combustion engines.« less

Emission inventory estimation of an intercity bus terminal.

PubMed

Qiu, Zhaowen; Li, Xiaoxia; Hao, Yanzhao; Deng, Shunxi; Gao, H Oliver

2016-06-01

Intercity bus terminals are hotspots of air pollution due to concentrated activities of diesel buses. In order to evaluate the bus terminals' impact on air quality, it is necessary to estimate the associated mobile emission inventories. Since the vehicles' operating condition at the bus terminal varies significantly, conventional calculation of the emissions based on average emission factors suffers the loss of accuracy. In this study, we examined a typical intercity bus terminal-the Southern City Bus Station of Xi'an, China-using a multi-scale emission model-(US EPA's MOVES model)-to quantity the vehicle emission inventory. A representative operating cycle for buses within the station is constructed. The emission inventory was then estimated using detailed inputs including vehicle ages, operating speeds, operating schedules, and operating mode distribution, as well as meteorological data (temperature and humidity). Five functional areas (bus yard, platforms, disembarking area, bus travel routes within the station, and bus entrance/exit routes) at the terminal were identified, and the bus operation cycle was established using the micro-trip cycle construction method. Results of our case study showed that switching to compressed natural gas (CNG) from diesel fuel could reduce PM2.5 and CO emissions by 85.64 and 6.21 %, respectively, in the microenvironment of the bus terminal. When CNG is used, tail pipe exhaust PM2.5 emission is significantly reduced, even less than brake wear PM2.5. The estimated bus operating cycles can also offer researchers and policy makers important information for emission evaluation in the planning and design of any typical intercity bus terminals of a similar scale.

Study and Evaluation of Current and Future Aircraft Loaders

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-08-01

Tigers Airlines JFK Airport , NY 10 Feb 86 Boeing Military Airplane Co. Boeing Commercial Airplane Co. Seattle, WA 11 Feb 86 Korean Airlines LAX, CA 12...Nash Boeing Aircraft Co., Seattle, WA Mr. J. Nelson JFK Airport , NY Mr. P. O’Brien ASD/ENCA Wright-Patterson AFB, OH Mr. C. Outran HQ AFLC/DSTMA...Locations 15 Oct 85 TWA Freight Terminal Laimbert Int’l Airport , St. Louis, mO 22 Nov 85 Lockheed - Georgia Aircraft Co. Marietta, GA 13 Dec 85 Flying

Global trade, local impacts: lessons from California on health impacts and environmental justice concerns for residents living near freight rail yards.

PubMed

Hricko, Andrea; Rowland, Glovioell; Eckel, Sandrah; Logan, Angelo; Taher, Maryam; Wilson, John

2014-02-10

Global trade has increased nearly 100-fold since 1950, according to the World Trade Organization. Today, major changes in trade are occurring with the advent of mega-ships that can transport thousands more containers than cargo ships now in use. Because global trade is expected to increase dramatically, the railroad industry-in the U.S. alone-has invested more than $5 billion a year over the past decade to expand rail yards and enhance rail routes to transport goods from ports to retail destinations. This article describes cancer risks for residents living in close proximity to rail yards with emissions of diesel particulate matter pollution from locomotives, trucks and yard equipment. The article examines the demographics (income, race/ethnicity) of populations living in the highest estimated cancer risk zones near 18 major rail yards in California, concluding that the majority are over-represented by either lower-income or minority residents (or both). The authors also describe a review of the news media and environmental impact reports to determine if rail yards are still being constructed or expanded in close proximity to homes and schools or in working class/working poor communities of color. The paper suggests policy efforts that might provide more public health protection and result in more "environmentally just" siting of rail yards. The authors conclude that diesel pollution from rail yards, which creates significant diesel cancer risks for those living near the facilities, is an often overlooked public health, health disparities and environmental justice issue in the U.S. The conclusions are relevant to other countries where international trade is increasing and large new intermodal rail facilities are being considered.

Global Trade, Local Impacts: Lessons from California on Health Impacts and Environmental Justice Concerns for Residents Living near Freight Rail Yards

PubMed Central

Hricko, Andrea; Rowland, Glovioell; Eckel, Sandrah; Logan, Angelo; Taher, Maryam; Wilson, John

2014-01-01

Global trade has increased nearly 100-fold since 1950, according to the World Trade Organization. Today, major changes in trade are occurring with the advent of mega-ships that can transport thousands more containers than cargo ships now in use. Because global trade is expected to increase dramatically, the railroad industry—in the U.S. alone—has invested more than $5 billion a year over the past decade to expand rail yards and enhance rail routes to transport goods from ports to retail destinations. This article describes cancer risks for residents living in close proximity to rail yards with emissions of diesel particulate matter pollution from locomotives, trucks and yard equipment. The article examines the demographics (income, race/ethnicity) of populations living in the highest estimated cancer risk zones near 18 major rail yards in California, concluding that the majority are over-represented by either lower-income or minority residents (or both). The authors also describe a review of the news media and environmental impact reports to determine if rail yards are still being constructed or expanded in close proximity to homes and schools or in working class/working poor communities of color. The paper suggests policy efforts that might provide more public health protection and result in more “environmentally just” siting of rail yards. The authors conclude that diesel pollution from rail yards, which creates significant diesel cancer risks for those living near the facilities, is an often overlooked public health, health disparities and environmental justice issue in the U.S. The conclusions are relevant to other countries where international trade is increasing and large new intermodal rail facilities are being considered. PMID:24518649

Comparison of life cycle greenhouse gases from natural gas pathways for medium and heavy-duty vehicles.

PubMed

Tong, Fan; Jaramillo, Paulina; Azevedo, Inês M L

2015-06-16

The low-cost and abundant supply of shale gas in the United States has increased the interest in using natural gas for transportation. We compare the life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from different natural gas pathways for medium and heavy-duty vehicles (MHDVs). For Class 8 tractor-trailers and refuse trucks, none of the natural gas pathways provide emissions reductions per unit of freight-distance moved compared to diesel trucks. When compared to the petroleum-based fuels currently used in these vehicles, CNG and centrally produced LNG increase emissions by 0-3% and 2-13%, respectively, for Class 8 trucks. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) powered with natural gas-produced electricity are the only fuel-technology combination that achieves emission reductions for Class 8 transit buses (31% reduction compared to the petroleum-fueled vehicles). For non-Class 8 trucks (pick-up trucks, parcel delivery trucks, and box trucks), BEVs reduce emissions significantly (31-40%) compared to their diesel or gasoline counterparts. CNG and propane achieve relatively smaller emissions reductions (0-6% and 19%, respectively, compared to the petroleum-based fuels), while other natural gas pathways increase emissions for non-Class 8 MHDVs. While using natural gas to fuel electric vehicles could achieve large emission reductions for medium-duty trucks, the results suggest there are no great opportunities to achieve large emission reductions for Class 8 trucks through natural gas pathways with current technologies. There are strategies to reduce the carbon footprint of using natural gas for MHDVs, ranging from increasing vehicle fuel efficiency, reducing life cycle methane leakage rate, to achieving the same payloads and cargo volumes as conventional diesel trucks.

Hydrogen Fueled Hybrid Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Gas Turbine (SOFC-GT) System for Long-Haul Rail Application

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chow, Justin Jeff

Freight movement of goods is the artery for America's economic health. Long-haul rail is the premier mode of transport on a ton-mile basis. Concerns regarding greenhouse gas and criteria pollutant emissions, however, have motivated the creation of annually increasing locomotive emissions standards. Health issues from diesel particulate matter, especially near rail yards, have also been on the rise. These factors and the potential to raise conventional diesel-electric locomotive performance warrants the investigation of using future fuels in a more efficient system for locomotive application. This research evaluates the dynamic performance of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Gas Turbine (SOFC-GT) Hybrid system operating on hydrogen fuel to power a locomotive over a rail path starting from the Port of Los Angeles and ending in the City of Barstow. Physical constraints, representative locomotive operation logic, and basic design are used from a previous feasibility study and simulations are performed in the MATLAB Simulink environment. In-house controls are adapted to and expanded upon. Results indicate high fuel-to-electricity efficiencies of at least 54% compared to a conventional diesel-electric locomotive efficiency of 35%. Incorporation of properly calibrated feedback and feed-forward controls enables substantial load following of difficult transients that result from train kinematics while maintaining turbomachinery operating requirements and suppressing thermal stresses in the fuel cell stack. The power split between the SOFC and gas turbine is deduced to be a deterministic factor in the balance between capital and operational costs. Using hydrogen results in no emissions if renewable and offers a potential of 24.2% fuel energy savings for the rail industry.

49 CFR 232.603 - Design, interoperability, and configuration management requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... requirements. (a) General. A freight car or freight train equipped with an ECP brake system shall, at a minimum...) Approval. A freight train or freight car equipped with an ECP brake system and equipment covered by the AAR...) Configuration management. A railroad operating a freight train or freight car equipped with ECP brake systems...

49 CFR 232.603 - Design, interoperability, and configuration management requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... requirements. (a) General. A freight car or freight train equipped with an ECP brake system shall, at a minimum...) Approval. A freight train or freight car equipped with an ECP brake system and equipment covered by the AAR...) Configuration management. A railroad operating a freight train or freight car equipped with ECP brake systems...

49 CFR 232.603 - Design, interoperability, and configuration management requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... requirements. (a) General. A freight car or freight train equipped with an ECP brake system shall, at a minimum...) Approval. A freight train or freight car equipped with an ECP brake system and equipment covered by the AAR...) Configuration management. A railroad operating a freight train or freight car equipped with ECP brake systems...

49 CFR 232.603 - Design, interoperability, and configuration management requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... requirements. (a) General. A freight car or freight train equipped with an ECP brake system shall, at a minimum...) Approval. A freight train or freight car equipped with an ECP brake system and equipment covered by the AAR...) Configuration management. A railroad operating a freight train or freight car equipped with ECP brake systems...

Freight facts and figures, 2012.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-11-01

Freight Facts and Figures 2012 is a snapshot of the volume and : value of freight flows in the United States, the physical network : over which freight moves, the economic conditions that generate : freight movements, the industry that carries freigh...

Freight facts and figures, 2011.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-11-01

Freight Facts and Figures 2011 is a snapshot of the volume and : value of freight flows in the United States, the physical network : over which freight moves, the economic conditions that generate : freight movements, the industry that carries freigh...

Peribronchiolar fibrosis in lungs of cats chronically exposed to diesel exhaust

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hyde, D.M.; Plopper, C.G.; Weir, A.J.

This study reports the quantitative changes in the pulmonary proximal acinar region following chronic exposure to diesel exhaust and following an additional 6 months in clean air. Cats (13 months of age) from a minimum disease colony were exposed to clean air (eight cats for 27 months and nine cats for 33 months), diesel exhaust for 8 hours/day, 7 days/week (nine cats for 27 months), or diesel exhaust for 27 months followed by 6 months in clean air (10 cats). Morphologic and morphometric evaluation using light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed two major exposure-related lesions in proximalmore » acinar regions of lungs of cats: peribronchiolar fibrosis associated with significant increases in lymphocytes, fibroblasts, and interstitial macrophages containing diesel particulate-like inclusions and bronchiolar epithelial metaplasia associated with the presence of ciliated and basal cells and alveolar macrophages containing diesel particulate-like inclusions. Peribronchiolar fibrosis was greater at the end of the 6 months in clean air following exposure, whereas the bronchiolar epithelial metaplasia was most severe at the end of exposure. Following an additional 6 months in clean air the epithelium more closely resembled the control epithelial cell population. The labeling index of terminal bronchiolar epithelium was significantly increased at the end of exposure but was not significantly different from controls or exposed cats following an additional 6 months in clean air. The ultrastructural appearance of epithelial cells remained relatively unchanged following diesel exhaust exposure with the exception of diesel particulate-like inclusions.« less

Freight Impacts on Small Urban and Rural Areas

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-10-01

Freight mobility is critical for economic activity and vitality of a region. Freight system performance has also a driving influence on the quality of life in communities that experience freight traffic. Freight movement that results in high levels o...

Fuel miles and the blend wall: costs and emissions from ethanol distribution in the United States.

PubMed

Strogen, Bret; Horvath, Arpad; McKone, Thomas E

2012-05-15

From 1991 to 2009, U.S. production of ethanol increased 10-fold, largely due to government programs motivated by climate change, energy security, and economic development goals. As low-level ethanol-gasoline blends have not consistently outperformed ethanol-free gasoline in vehicle performance or tailpipe emissions, national-level economic and environmental goals could be accomplished more efficiently by concentrating consumption of gasoline containing 10% ethanol (i.e., E10) near producers to minimize freight activity. As the domestic transportation of ethanol increased 10-fold in metric ton-kilometers (t-km) from 2000 to 2009, the portion of t-km potentially justified by the E10 blend wall increased from less than 40% to 80%. However, we estimate 10 billion t-km took place annually from 2004 to 2009 for reasons other than the blend wall. This "unnecessary" transportation resulted in more than $240 million in freight costs, 90 million L of diesel consumption, 300,000 metric tons of CO(2)-e emissions, and 440 g of human intake of PM(2.5). By 2009, the marginal savings from enabling Iowa to surpass E10 would have exceeded 2.5 g CO(2)-e/MJ and $0.12/gallon of ethanol, as the next-closest customer was 1600 km away. The use of a national network model enables estimation of marginal transportation impacts from subnational policies, and benefits from policies encouraging concentrated consumption of renewable fuels.

Economic Analysis Framework for Freight Transportation Based on Florida Statewide Multi-Modal Freight Model

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2018-02-01

Freight transportation plays a vital role in local and regional economy. The markets and businesses from different regions and locations can be connected through freight movements. But it is difficult to quantify the economic contribution of freight ...

48 CFR 52.247-53 - Freight Classification Description.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Freight Classification....247-53 Freight Classification Description. As prescribed in 47.305-9(b)(1), insert the following... modifications of previously shipped items, and different freight classifications may apply: Freight...

48 CFR 52.247-53 - Freight Classification Description.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... modifications of previously shipped items, and different freight classifications may apply: Freight... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Freight Classification....247-53 Freight Classification Description. As prescribed in 47.305-9(b)(1), insert the following...

48 CFR 52.247-53 - Freight Classification Description.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... modifications of previously shipped items, and different freight classifications may apply: Freight... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Freight Classification....247-53 Freight Classification Description. As prescribed in 47.305-9(b)(1), insert the following...

48 CFR 52.247-53 - Freight Classification Description.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Freight Classification....247-53 Freight Classification Description. As prescribed in 47.305-9(b)(1), insert the following... modifications of previously shipped items, and different freight classifications may apply: Freight...

48 CFR 52.247-53 - Freight Classification Description.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Freight Classification....247-53 Freight Classification Description. As prescribed in 47.305-9(b)(1), insert the following... modifications of previously shipped items, and different freight classifications may apply: Freight...

Freight Data Fusion From Multiple Data Sources For Freight Planning Applications In Florida

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2018-05-01

A major hurdle in freight demand modeling has always been a lack of adequate data on freight movements for different industry sectors for planning applications. Several data sources are available for freight planning purposes in the United States. Of...

48 CFR 47.305-9 - Commodity description and freight classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... freight classification. 47.305-9 Section 47.305-9 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL... Commodity description and freight classification. (a) Generally, the freight rate for supplies is based on the rating applicable to the freight classification description published in the National Motor...

48 CFR 47.305-9 - Commodity description and freight classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... of previously shipped items, and different freight classifications may apply, the contracting officer... freight classification. 47.305-9 Section 47.305-9 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL... Commodity description and freight classification. (a) Generally, the freight rate for supplies is based on...

48 CFR 47.305-9 - Commodity description and freight classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... of previously shipped items, and different freight classifications may apply, the contracting officer... freight classification. 47.305-9 Section 47.305-9 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL... Commodity description and freight classification. (a) Generally, the freight rate for supplies is based on...

48 CFR 47.305-9 - Commodity description and freight classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... of previously shipped items, and different freight classifications may apply, the contracting officer... freight classification. 47.305-9 Section 47.305-9 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL... Commodity description and freight classification. (a) Generally, the freight rate for supplies is based on...

48 CFR 47.305-9 - Commodity description and freight classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... of previously shipped items, and different freight classifications may apply, the contracting officer... freight classification. 47.305-9 Section 47.305-9 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL... Commodity description and freight classification. (a) Generally, the freight rate for supplies is based on...

The freight landscape : using secondary data sources to describe metropolitan freight flows.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-12-01

Metropolitan areas around the world are seeking to better manage freight flows and reduce negative impacts on local populations. A major challenge to better urban freight management is the lack of data; little is known about freight movements at the ...

National Freight Demand Modeling - Bridging the Gap between Freight Flow Statistics and U.S. Economic Patterns

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chin, Shih-Miao; Hwang, Ho-Ling

2007-01-01

This paper describes a development of national freight demand models for 27 industry sectors covered by the 2002 Commodity Flow Survey. It postulates that the national freight demands are consistent with U.S. business patterns. Furthermore, the study hypothesizes that the flow of goods, which make up the national production processes of industries, is coherent with the information described in the 2002 Annual Input-Output Accounts developed by the Bureau of Economic Analysis. The model estimation framework hinges largely on the assumption that a relatively simple relationship exists between freight production/consumption and business patterns for each industry defined by the three-digit Northmore » American Industry Classification System industry codes (NAICS). The national freight demand model for each selected industry sector consists of two models; a freight generation model and a freight attraction model. Thus, a total of 54 simple regression models were estimated under this study. Preliminary results indicated promising freight generation and freight attraction models. Among all models, only four of them had a R2 value lower than 0.70. With additional modeling efforts, these freight demand models could be enhanced to allow transportation analysts to assess regional economic impacts associated with temporary lost of transportation services on U.S. transportation network infrastructures. Using such freight demand models and available U.S. business forecasts, future national freight demands could be forecasted within certain degrees of accuracy. These freight demand models could also enable transportation analysts to further disaggregate the CFS state-level origin-destination tables to county or zip code level.« less

The freight landscape : using secondary data sources to describe metropolitan freight flows : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-12-01

Metropolitan areas around the world are seeking to better manage freight flows and reduce negative impacts on local populations. A major challenge to better urban freight management is the lack of data; little is known about freight movements at the ...

Preliminary analysis of hub and spoke air freight distribution system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Whitehead, A. H., Jr.

1978-01-01

A brief analysis is made of the hub and spoke air freight distribution system which would employ less than 15 hub centers world wide with very large advanced distributed-load freighters providing the line-haul delivery between hubs. This system is compared to a more conventional network using conventionally-designed long-haul freighters which travel between numerous major airports. The analysis calculates all of the transportation costs, including handling charges and pickup and delivery costs. The results show that the economics of the hub/spoke system are severely compromised by the extensive use of feeder aircraft to deliver cargo into and from the large freighter terminals. Not only are the higher costs for the smaller feeder airplanes disadvantageous, but their use implies an additional exchange of cargo between modes compared to truck delivery. The conventional system uses far fewer feeder airplanes, and in many cases, none at all. When feeder aircraft are eliminated from the hub/spoke system, however, that system is universally more economical than any conventional system employing smaller line-haul aircraft.

49 CFR 215.119 - Defective freight car truck.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Defective freight car truck. 215.119 Section 215... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Freight Car Components Suspension System § 215.119 Defective freight car truck. A railroad may not place or continue in service a...

49 CFR 215.119 - Defective freight car truck.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Defective freight car truck. 215.119 Section 215... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Freight Car Components Suspension System § 215.119 Defective freight car truck. A railroad may not place or continue in service a...

49 CFR 215.119 - Defective freight car truck.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Defective freight car truck. 215.119 Section 215... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Freight Car Components Suspension System § 215.119 Defective freight car truck. A railroad may not place or continue in service a...

49 CFR 215.119 - Defective freight car truck.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Defective freight car truck. 215.119 Section 215... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Freight Car Components Suspension System § 215.119 Defective freight car truck. A railroad may not place or continue in service a...

49 CFR 215.119 - Defective freight car truck.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Defective freight car truck. 215.119 Section 215... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Freight Car Components Suspension System § 215.119 Defective freight car truck. A railroad may not place or continue in service a...

22 CFR 201.67 - Maximum freight charges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Maximum freight charges. 201.67 Section 201.67... TRANSACTIONS FINANCED BY USAID Price Provisions § 201.67 Maximum freight charges. (a) Ocean freight rates—(1... the United States. (2) Maximum charter rates. (i) USAID will not finance ocean freight under any...

41 CFR 102-117.160 - What is freight?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false What is freight? 102-117.160 Section 102-117.160 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property Management... Shipping Freight § 102-117.160 What is freight? Freight is property or goods transported as cargo. ...

41 CFR 102-117.160 - What is freight?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What is freight? 102-117.160 Section 102-117.160 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property Management... Shipping Freight § 102-117.160 What is freight? Freight is property or goods transported as cargo. ...

Proceedings of the workshop on urban freight consolidation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1978-06-01

The Urban Freight Consolidation Workshop discusses the desirability and practicality of establishing programs to consolidate the pickup and delivery of small shipments in highly concentrated urban areas. After presentation of an overview paper, Institutional Issues in Urban Freight Consolidation, by Ernest R. Cadotte and Robert A. Robicheaux, the following papers were given: Consolidation and Distribution--The Broad Picture, John T. Norris; Transportation Facilitation Center Concept, Irwin Blatner; The Regulatory Issues of Small-Shipment Consolidation, A. Daniel O'Neal; Chicago's Perspective of Urban-Freight Consolidation, Charles W. Lustig; Freight Consolidation in New York City, Samuel D. Kahan; Baltimore's Perspective of Urban-Freight Consolidation, Siegbert Schacknies; Small-Shippermore » Perspective, Richard A. Whitty; The Perspective of a ''Big Shipper,'' William K. Smith; A Receiver's Viewpoint of Consolidation, William P. McDaniel; For-Hire Motor-Carrier Perspective of Urban-Freight Consolidation, John L. Reith; Private-Carrier Perspective of Urban-Freight Consolidation, H. E. Manker; Union Perspective, M. R. Nensel; Urban-Freight Distribution Myopia, Carl S. Rappaport; Freight-Service Expectations, Performance, and Tradeoffs in Urban Areas: A Survey, Robert A. Robicheaux and Ernest R. Cadotte; and Freight Consolidation--Can It Be Successfully Implemented, James F. Robeson. (MCW)« less

78 FR 69520 - Designation of the Primary Freight Network

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-19

... NFN may fit into a multimodal National Freight System; and (5) suggestions for an urban-area route... Nation, to include goods movement in urban areas. Urban areas of 200,000 and above include a freight... Consideration for Critical Urban Freight Routes in the National Freight Network The DOT recognizes that many...

Exploratory data project : freight resiliency performance measures.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-03-01

Exploratory Data Project: Freight Resiliency Performance Measures. (2009-10) FHWA's Office of Freight Management : and Operations, through a partnership with the American Transportation Research Institute (ATRI), established a Freight : Performance M...

49 CFR 216.11 - Special notice for repairs-railroad freight car.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Special notice for repairs-railroad freight car...—railroad freight car. (a) When an FRA Motive Power and Equipment Inspector or a State Equipment Inspector determines that a railroad freight car is not in conformity with the requirements of the FRA Freight Car...

49 CFR 216.11 - Special notice for repairs-railroad freight car.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Special notice for repairs-railroad freight car...—railroad freight car. (a) When an FRA Motive Power and Equipment Inspector or a State Equipment Inspector determines that a railroad freight car is not in conformity with the requirements of the FRA Freight Car...

49 CFR 216.11 - Special notice for repairs-railroad freight car.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Special notice for repairs-railroad freight car...—railroad freight car. (a) When an FRA Motive Power and Equipment Inspector or a State Equipment Inspector determines that a railroad freight car is not in conformity with the requirements of the FRA Freight Car...

49 CFR 216.11 - Special notice for repairs-railroad freight car.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Special notice for repairs-railroad freight car...—railroad freight car. (a) When an FRA Motive Power and Equipment Inspector or a State Equipment Inspector determines that a railroad freight car is not in conformity with the requirements of the FRA Freight Car...

49 CFR 216.11 - Special notice for repairs-railroad freight car.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Special notice for repairs-railroad freight car...—railroad freight car. (a) When an FRA Motive Power and Equipment Inspector or a State Equipment Inspector determines that a railroad freight car is not in conformity with the requirements of the FRA Freight Car...

America's Freight System in the 80's and 90's ... But How to Get There? : Conference Papers on Advance Freight System Technology

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1976-12-01

These papers relating to technology and freight transportation have been prepared for the conference on America's Freight System in the 80's and 90's. It does not purport to be a compendium on all advanced freight technology but is to give an overvie...

41 CFR 102-117.180 - What transportation documents must I use to ship freight?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... documents must I use to ship freight? 102-117.180 Section 102-117.180 Public Contracts and Property... TRANSPORTATION 117-TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT Shipping Freight § 102-117.180 What transportation documents must I use to ship freight? To ship freight: (a) By land (domestic shipments), use a bill of lading; (b) By...

41 CFR 102-117.180 - What transportation documents must I use to ship freight?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... documents must I use to ship freight? 102-117.180 Section 102-117.180 Public Contracts and Property... TRANSPORTATION 117-TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT Shipping Freight § 102-117.180 What transportation documents must I use to ship freight? To ship freight: (a) By land (domestic shipments), use a bill of lading; (b) By...

41 CFR 102-117.180 - What transportation documents must I use to ship freight?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... documents must I use to ship freight? 102-117.180 Section 102-117.180 Public Contracts and Property... TRANSPORTATION 117-TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT Shipping Freight § 102-117.180 What transportation documents must I use to ship freight? To ship freight: (a) By land (domestic shipments), use a bill of lading; (b) By...

41 CFR 102-117.180 - What transportation documents must I use to ship freight?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... documents must I use to ship freight? 102-117.180 Section 102-117.180 Public Contracts and Property... TRANSPORTATION 117-TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT Shipping Freight § 102-117.180 What transportation documents must I use to ship freight? To ship freight: (a) By land (domestic shipments), use a bill of lading; (b) By...

41 CFR 102-117.180 - What transportation documents must I use to ship freight?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... documents must I use to ship freight? 102-117.180 Section 102-117.180 Public Contracts and Property... TRANSPORTATION 117-TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT Shipping Freight § 102-117.180 What transportation documents must I use to ship freight? To ship freight: (a) By land (domestic shipments), use a bill of lading; (b) By...

Freight facts and figures 2007

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-11-01

This report provides an overview of freight transportation, focusing on the volume and value of freight shipments, the extent of the freight network, industry employment and productivity patterns, its safety record, energy use, and related environmen...

Freight facts and figures 2010

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-11-01

This report provides an overview of freight transportation, focusing on the volume and value of freight shipments, the extent of the freight network, industry employment and productivity patterns, and related safety, energy use, and environmental eff...

Freight facts and figures 2008

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-11-01

This report provides an overview of freight transportation, focusing on the volume and value of freight shipments, the extent of the freight network, industry employment and productivity patterns, and related safety, energy use, and environment effec...

Freight facts and figures 2009.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-11-01

This report provides an overview of freight transportation, focusing on the volume and value of freight : shipments, the extent of the freight network, industry employment and productivity patterns, and related : safety, energy use, and environment e...

Freight Data Sharing Guidebook

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-01-01

Public sector freight planners depend on freight data to help identify freight transportation planning needs. Traditionally, their efforts relied on limited data sources such as vehicle counts, in/out gate information from ports, and weigh-in-motion ...

Transportation Energy Futures Series: Freight Transportation Demand: Energy-Efficient Scenarios for a Low-Carbon Future

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Grenzeback, L. R.; Brown, A.; Fischer, M. J.

2013-03-01

Freight transportation demand is projected to grow to 27.5 billion tons in 2040, and by extrapolation, to nearly 30.2 billion tons in 2050, requiring ever-greater amounts of energy. This report describes the current and future demand for freight transportation in terms of tons and ton-miles of commodities moved by truck, rail, water, pipeline, and air freight carriers. It outlines the economic, logistics, transportation, and policy and regulatory factors that shape freight demand; the possible trends and 2050 outlook for these factors, and their anticipated effect on freight demand and related energy use. After describing federal policy actions that could influencemore » freight demand, the report then summarizes the available analytical models for forecasting freight demand, and identifies possible areas for future action.« less

48 CFR 52.247-31 - F.o.b. Origin, Freight Allowed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false F.o.b. Origin, Freight....247-31 F.o.b. Origin, Freight Allowed. As prescribed in 47.303-3(c), insert the following clause: F.o.b. Origin, Freight Allowed (FEB 2006) (a) The term f.o.b. origin, freight allowed, as used in this...

48 CFR 52.247-32 - F.o.b. Origin, Freight Prepaid.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false F.o.b. Origin, Freight....247-32 F.o.b. Origin, Freight Prepaid. As prescribed in 47.303-4(c), insert the following clause: F.o.b. Origin, Freight Prepaid (FEB 2006) (a) The term f.o.b. origin, freight prepaid, as used in this...

48 CFR 52.247-31 - F.o.b. Origin, Freight Allowed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false F.o.b. Origin, Freight....247-31 F.o.b. Origin, Freight Allowed. As prescribed in 47.303-3(c), insert the following clause: F.o.b. Origin, Freight Allowed (FEB 2006) (a) The term f.o.b. origin, freight allowed, as used in this...

48 CFR 52.247-32 - F.o.b. Origin, Freight Prepaid.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false F.o.b. Origin, Freight....247-32 F.o.b. Origin, Freight Prepaid. As prescribed in 47.303-4(c), insert the following clause: F.o.b. Origin, Freight Prepaid (FEB 2006) (a) The term f.o.b. origin, freight prepaid, as used in this...

48 CFR 52.247-31 - F.o.b. Origin, Freight Allowed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false F.o.b. Origin, Freight....247-31 F.o.b. Origin, Freight Allowed. As prescribed in 47.303-3(c), insert the following clause: F.o.b. Origin, Freight Allowed (FEB 2006) (a) The term f.o.b. origin, freight allowed, as used in this...

48 CFR 52.247-32 - F.o.b. Origin, Freight Prepaid.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false F.o.b. Origin, Freight....247-32 F.o.b. Origin, Freight Prepaid. As prescribed in 47.303-4(c), insert the following clause: F.o.b. Origin, Freight Prepaid (FEB 2006) (a) The term f.o.b. origin, freight prepaid, as used in this...

48 CFR 52.247-31 - F.o.b. Origin, Freight Allowed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false F.o.b. Origin, Freight....247-31 F.o.b. Origin, Freight Allowed. As prescribed in 47.303-3(c), insert the following clause: F.o.b. Origin, Freight Allowed (FEB 2006) (a) The term f.o.b. origin, freight allowed, as used in this...

48 CFR 52.247-32 - F.o.b. Origin, Freight Prepaid.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false F.o.b. Origin, Freight....247-32 F.o.b. Origin, Freight Prepaid. As prescribed in 47.303-4(c), insert the following clause: F.o.b. Origin, Freight Prepaid (FEB 2006) (a) The term f.o.b. origin, freight prepaid, as used in this...

48 CFR 52.247-32 - F.o.b. Origin, Freight Prepaid.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false F.o.b. Origin, Freight....247-32 F.o.b. Origin, Freight Prepaid. As prescribed in 47.303-4(c), insert the following clause: F.o.b. Origin, Freight Prepaid (FEB 2006) (a) The term f.o.b. origin, freight prepaid, as used in this...

48 CFR 52.247-31 - F.o.b. Origin, Freight Allowed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false F.o.b. Origin, Freight....247-31 F.o.b. Origin, Freight Allowed. As prescribed in 47.303-3(c), insert the following clause: F.o.b. Origin, Freight Allowed (FEB 2006) (a) The term f.o.b. origin, freight allowed, as used in this...

Freight facts and figures 2006

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-11-01

This report provides a snapshot of freight transportation, focusing on the volume and value of freight shipments, the extent of the freight network, industry employment and productivity patterns, its safety record, energy use, and the environmental c...

Freight facts and figures 2004

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-11-01

This report provides a snapshot of freight transportation, focusing on the volume and value of freight shipments, the extent of the freight network, industry employment and productivity patterns, its safety record, energy use, and the environmental c...

Freight story 2008.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-11-01

This report provides an overview of freight movement on the U.S. transportation system today and in the future. It discusses where the largest freight flows are concentrated and the pressures that existing and anticipated freight volumes place on the...

Hazardous Waste Cleanup: McKesson Envirosystems in Syracuse Falls, New York

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The facility is approximately 8.2 acres in size and is located at 400 Bear Street West in the city of Syracuse, south of Onondaga Lake. The facility has been used since the 1930's as a bulk petroleum distribution terminal for gasoline, diesel fuel, heating

26 CFR 48.4101-1 - Taxable fuel; registration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... vendors of diesel fuel and kerosene under section 6427. (2) A person is registered under section 4101 only... an enterer, refiner, terminal operator, or throughputter with respect to kerosene and is registered... store kerosene (and no other type of taxable fuel); or (C) Is a commercial airline, an operator of...

26 CFR 48.4101-1 - Taxable fuel; registration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... vendors of diesel fuel and kerosene under section 6427. (2) A person is registered under section 4101 only... an enterer, refiner, terminal operator, or throughputter with respect to kerosene and is registered... store kerosene (and no other type of taxable fuel); or (C) Is a commercial airline, an operator of...

Addressing MAP-21 freight objectives using GPS data.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-12-01

Freight planning and operation perspectives of Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21) includes development of a national freight plan to address freight congestion bottlenecks, connectivity enhancement of major intermodal centers,...

Developing a performance measurement approach to benefit/cost freight project prioritization.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-10-01

Future reauthorizations of the federal transportation bill will require a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of the freight benefits : of proposed freight system projects. To prioritize public investments in freight systems and to insure conside...

77 FR 22768 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Information Collection; Freight Classification Description

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-17

...; Information Collection; Freight Classification Description AGENCIES: Department of Defense (DOD), General... collection requirement concerning freight classification description. Public comments are particularly... Information Collection 9000- 0055, Freight Classification Description, by any of the following methods...

Transportation Energy Futures Series: Freight Transportation Demand: Energy-Efficient Scenarios for a Low-Carbon Future

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Grenzeback, L. R.; Brown, A.; Fischer, M. J.

2013-03-01

Freight transportation demand is projected to grow to 27.5 billion tons in 2040, and to nearly 30.2 billion tons in 2050. This report describes the current and future demand for freight transportation in terms of tons and ton-miles of commodities moved by truck, rail, water, pipeline, and air freight carriers. It outlines the economic, logistics, transportation, and policy and regulatory factors that shape freight demand, the trends and 2050 outlook for these factors, and their anticipated effect on freight demand. After describing federal policy actions that could influence future freight demand, the report then summarizes the capabilities of available analyticalmore » models for forecasting freight demand. This is one in a series of reports produced as a result of the Transportation Energy Futures project, a Department of Energy-sponsored multi-agency effort to pinpoint underexplored strategies for reducing GHGs and petroleum dependence related to transportation.« less

Effectively using the QRFM to model truck trips in medium-sized urban communities.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-04-01

This report analyzes the effectiveness of applying the Quick Response Freight Manual (QRFM) to model freight : transportation. Typically freight transportation is modeled indirectly or as an after-thought. Increasing freight : volumes, coupled with c...

Integrative freight demand management in the New York City metropolitan area : implementation phase.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-09-01

Urban freight transportation is crucial to the quality of modern life, though at the same time it : produces significant negative externalities. Despite the relatively small proportion of freight with respect : to all traffic, urban freight movements...

Role of the Freight Sector in Future Climate Change Mitigation Scenarios

DOE PAGES

Muratori, Matteo; Smith, Steven J.; Kyle, Page; ...

2017-02-27

The freight sector's role is examined using the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM) for a range of climate change mitigation scenarios and future freight demand assumptions. Energy usage and CO 2 emissions from freight have historically grown with a correlation to GDP, and there is limited evidence of near-term global decoupling of freight demand from GDP. Over the 21 st century, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from freight are projected to grow faster than passenger transportation or other major end-use sectors, with the magnitude of growth dependent on the assumed extent of long-term decoupling. In climate change mitigation scenarios that applymore » a price to GHG emissions, mitigation of freight emissions (including the effects of demand elasticity, mode and technology shifting, and fuel substitution) is more limited than for other demand sectors. In such scenarios, shifting to less-emitting transportation modes and technologies is projected to play a relatively small role in reducing freight emissions in GCAM. Finally, by contrast, changes in the supply chain of liquid fuels that reduce the fuel carbon intensity, especially deriving from large-scale use of biofuels coupled to carbon capture and storage technologies, are responsible for the majority of freight emissions mitigation, followed by price-induced reduction in freight demand services.« less

Role of the Freight Sector in Future Climate Change Mitigation Scenarios

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Muratori, Matteo; Smith, Steven J.; Kyle, Page

The freight sector's role is examined using the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM) for a range of climate change mitigation scenarios and future freight demand assumptions. Energy usage and CO 2 emissions from freight have historically grown with a correlation to GDP, and there is limited evidence of near-term global decoupling of freight demand from GDP. Over the 21 st century, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from freight are projected to grow faster than passenger transportation or other major end-use sectors, with the magnitude of growth dependent on the assumed extent of long-term decoupling. In climate change mitigation scenarios that applymore » a price to GHG emissions, mitigation of freight emissions (including the effects of demand elasticity, mode and technology shifting, and fuel substitution) is more limited than for other demand sectors. In such scenarios, shifting to less-emitting transportation modes and technologies is projected to play a relatively small role in reducing freight emissions in GCAM. Finally, by contrast, changes in the supply chain of liquid fuels that reduce the fuel carbon intensity, especially deriving from large-scale use of biofuels coupled to carbon capture and storage technologies, are responsible for the majority of freight emissions mitigation, followed by price-induced reduction in freight demand services.« less

Role of the Freight Sector in Future Climate Change Mitigation Scenarios.

PubMed

Muratori, Matteo; Smith, Steven J; Kyle, Page; Link, Robert; Mignone, Bryan K; Kheshgi, Haroon S

2017-03-21

The freight sector's role is examined using the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM) for a range of climate change mitigation scenarios and future freight demand assumptions. Energy usage and CO 2 emissions from freight have historically grown with a correlation to GDP, and there is limited evidence of near-term global decoupling of freight demand from GDP. Over the 21 st century, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from freight are projected to grow faster than passenger transportation or other major end-use sectors, with the magnitude of growth dependent on the assumed extent of long-term decoupling. In climate change mitigation scenarios that apply a price to GHG emissions, mitigation of freight emissions (including the effects of demand elasticity, mode and technology shifting, and fuel substitution) is more limited than for other demand sectors. In such scenarios, shifting to less-emitting transportation modes and technologies is projected to play a relatively small role in reducing freight emissions in GCAM. By contrast, changes in the supply chain of liquid fuels that reduce the fuel carbon intensity, especially deriving from large-scale use of biofuels coupled to carbon capture and storage technologies, are responsible for the majority of freight emissions mitigation, followed by price-induced reduction in freight demand services.

Freight from space : evaluating freight activity and emissions from satellite data.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-06-01

In this report, the authors investigate the current state of knowledge of freight transport emissions, the importance of freight emissions relative to other sources, and what tools are available, or can be developed to answer these questions and impr...

State-of-the-practice in freight data : a review of available freight data in the U.S.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-02-01

State and regional transportation planning agencies are increasingly recognizing the need for : policies and programs addressing freight issues to ensure an efficient and reliable freight transportation : system. A major challenge, however, remains t...

Freight performance measures : a yardstick for Minnesota's transportation system : recommendations of the Minnesota Freight Advisory Committee

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-11-01

Performance measures tell public officials and citizens how well services are meeting customer needs. In this report, the Minnesota Freight Advisory Committee recommends performance measures for Minnesota's freight transportation system. MFAC is a gr...

Measuring the economic contribution of the freight industry to the Maryland economy : [research summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-05-01

The primary objective was to measure the economic contributions of the freight : industry to the Maryland economy and to develop a freight economic output (FECO) : index that tracks the economic performance of the freight industry over time.

Assessing air quality and climate impacts of future ground freight choice in United States

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, L.; Bond, T. C.; Smith, S.; Lee, B.; Ouyang, Y.; Hwang, T.; Barkan, C.; Lee, S.; Daenzer, K.

2013-12-01

The demand for freight transportation has continued to increase due to the growth of domestic and international trade. Emissions from ground freight (truck and railways) account for around 7% of the greenhouse gas emissions, 4% of the primary particulate matter emission and 25% of the NOx emissions in the U.S. Freight railways are generally more fuel efficient than trucks and cause less congestion. Freight demand and emissions are affected by many factors, including economic activity, the spatial distribution of demand, freight modal choice and routing decision, and the technology used in each modal type. This work links these four critical aspects of freight emission system to project the spatial distribution of emissions and pollutant concentration from ground freight transport in the U.S. between 2010 and 2050. Macroeconomic scenarios are used to forecast economic activities. Future spatial structure of employment and commodity demand in major metropolitan areas are estimated using spatial models and a shift-share model, respectively. Freight flow concentration and congestion patterns in inter-regional transportation networks are predicted from a four-step freight demand forecasting model. An asymptotic vehicle routing model is also developed to estimate delivery ton-miles for intra-regional freight shipment in metropolitan areas. Projected freight activities are then converted into impacts on air quality and climate. CO2 emissions are determined using a simple model of freight activity and fuel efficiency, and compared with the projected CO2 emissions from the Second Generation Model. Emissions of air pollutants including PM, NOx and CO are calculated with a vehicle fleet model SPEW-Trend, which incorporates the dynamic change of technologies. Emissions are projected under three economic scenarios to represent different plausible futures. Pollutant concentrations are then estimated using tagged chemical tracers in an atmospheric model with the emissions serving as input.

America's freight transportation gateways : connecting our nation to places and markets abroad : [2009

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-11-01

This report ranks freight gateways by the value of merchandise trade they handle. Value : data were compiled from multiple sources, allowing comparison of all the freight modes. : See box 2 for a detailed description of the freight data sources. : Th...

77 FR 45611 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Submission for OMB Review; Freight Classification Description

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-01

...; Submission for OMB Review; Freight Classification Description AGENCIES: Department of Defense (DOD), General... collection requirement concerning freight classification description. A notice was published in the Federal... Information Collection 9000- 0055, Freight Classification Description, by any of the following methods...

The freight landscape : using secondary data sources to describe metropolitan freight flows.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-01-01

Freight flows depend on the spatial organization of freight supply and demand, and on the transportation facilities within the metropolitan area. We use network model data for both the Los Angeles region and San Francisco region, and estimate two set...

22 CFR 202.3 - Freight reimbursement limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Freight reimbursement limitations. 202.3... VOLUNTARY NON-PROFIT RELIEF AGENCIES § 202.3 Freight reimbursement limitations. Economic utilization of AID funds available for reimbursement to agencies for freight charges incurred and paid by such agencies for...

22 CFR 202.3 - Freight reimbursement limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Freight reimbursement limitations. 202.3... VOLUNTARY NON-PROFIT RELIEF AGENCIES § 202.3 Freight reimbursement limitations. Economic utilization of AID funds available for reimbursement to agencies for freight charges incurred and paid by such agencies for...

22 CFR 202.3 - Freight reimbursement limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Freight reimbursement limitations. 202.3... VOLUNTARY NON-PROFIT RELIEF AGENCIES § 202.3 Freight reimbursement limitations. Economic utilization of AID funds available for reimbursement to agencies for freight charges incurred and paid by such agencies for...

22 CFR 202.3 - Freight reimbursement limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Freight reimbursement limitations. 202.3... VOLUNTARY NON-PROFIT RELIEF AGENCIES § 202.3 Freight reimbursement limitations. Economic utilization of AID funds available for reimbursement to agencies for freight charges incurred and paid by such agencies for...

30 CFR 75.1910 - Nonpermissible diesel-powered equipment; electrical system design and performance requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... chemical reaction to electrolyte must be provided on battery connections to prevent battery terminals from... materials. Insulating materials that may be subject to chemical reaction with electrolyte must be treated to resist such action; and (o) Drainage holes must be provided in the bottom of each battery box. ...

Assessing public benefits and costs of freight transportation projects : measuring shippers' value of delay on the freight system.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-07-01

Freight delay is detrimental to the national economy. In an effort to gauge the economic impact of freight delay due : to highway congestion, this project focuses on estimating shippers value of delay (VOD). We have accomplished : this through thr...

48 CFR 47.404 - Air freight forwarders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Air freight forwarders. 47... MANAGEMENT TRANSPORTATION Air Transportation by U.S.-Flag Carriers 47.404 Air freight forwarders. (a) Agencies may use air freight forwarders that are engaged in international air transportation (49 U.S.C...

48 CFR 47.404 - Air freight forwarders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Air freight forwarders. 47... MANAGEMENT TRANSPORTATION Air Transportation by U.S.-Flag Carriers 47.404 Air freight forwarders. (a) Agencies may use air freight forwarders that are engaged in international air transportation (49 U.S.C...

Freight efficiency strategies : a white paper series to inform the California Sustainable Freight Action Plan.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-03-01

A number of stakeholders met with the ultimate goal of identifying inefficiencies faced by the freight system and putting forward a set of : strategies to achieve a more efficient freight system. In doing so, a key first step was to provide insight a...

48 CFR 47.404 - Air freight forwarders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Air freight forwarders. 47... MANAGEMENT TRANSPORTATION Air Transportation by U.S.-Flag Carriers 47.404 Air freight forwarders. (a) Agencies may use air freight forwarders that are engaged in international air transportation (49 U.S.C...

78 FR 75442 - Designation of the Primary Freight Network

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-11

...] Designation of the Primary Freight Network AGENCY: Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), DOT. ACTION: Notice... period for the Designation of the highway Primary Freight Network (PFN) notice, which was published on... the complete National Freight Network (NFN), and to solicit comments on aspects of the NFN. The five...

49 CFR 174.82 - General requirements for the handling of placarded rail cars, transport vehicles, freight...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... rail cars, transport vehicles, freight containers, and bulk packages. 174.82 Section 174.82... Placarded Rail Cars, Transport Vehicles and Freight Containers § 174.82 General requirements for the handling of placarded rail cars, transport vehicles, freight containers, and bulk packages. (a) Unless...

48 CFR 470.201 - Acquisition of commodities and freight shipment for Foreign Agricultural Service programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... and freight shipment for Foreign Agricultural Service programs. 470.201 Section 470.201 Federal....201 Acquisition of commodities and freight shipment for Foreign Agricultural Service programs. (a... this section, in contracts for the Foreign Agricultural Service for commodities and related freight...

48 CFR 470.201 - Acquisition of commodities and freight shipment for Foreign Agricultural Service programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... and freight shipment for Foreign Agricultural Service programs. 470.201 Section 470.201 Federal....201 Acquisition of commodities and freight shipment for Foreign Agricultural Service programs. (a... this section, in contracts for the Foreign Agricultural Service for commodities and related freight...

48 CFR 470.201 - Acquisition of commodities and freight shipment for Foreign Agricultural Service programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... and freight shipment for Foreign Agricultural Service programs. 470.201 Section 470.201 Federal....201 Acquisition of commodities and freight shipment for Foreign Agricultural Service programs. (a... this section, in contracts for the Foreign Agricultural Service for commodities and related freight...

48 CFR 470.201 - Acquisition of commodities and freight shipment for Foreign Agricultural Service programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... and freight shipment for Foreign Agricultural Service programs. 470.201 Section 470.201 Federal....201 Acquisition of commodities and freight shipment for Foreign Agricultural Service programs. (a... this section, in contracts for the Foreign Agricultural Service for commodities and related freight...

49 CFR 176.170 - Transport of Class 1 (explosive) materials in freight containers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... ships, freight containers containing Class 1 (explosive) materials must be stowed only in the lowest... freight containers. 176.170 Section 176.170 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation... and Shipborne Barges § 176.170 Transport of Class 1 (explosive) materials in freight containers. (a...

49 CFR 176.170 - Transport of Class 1 (explosive) materials in freight containers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... ships, freight containers containing Class 1 (explosive) materials must be stowed only in the lowest... freight containers. 176.170 Section 176.170 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation... and Shipborne Barges § 176.170 Transport of Class 1 (explosive) materials in freight containers. (a...

49 CFR 176.170 - Transport of Class 1 (explosive) materials in freight containers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... ships, freight containers containing Class 1 (explosive) materials must be stowed only in the lowest... freight containers. 176.170 Section 176.170 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation... and Shipborne Barges § 176.170 Transport of Class 1 (explosive) materials in freight containers. (a...

48 CFR 470.201 - Acquisition of commodities and freight shipment for Foreign Agricultural Service programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... and freight shipment for Foreign Agricultural Service programs. 470.201 Section 470.201 Federal....201 Acquisition of commodities and freight shipment for Foreign Agricultural Service programs. (a... this section, in contracts for the Foreign Agricultural Service for commodities and related freight...

48 CFR 47.404 - Air freight forwarders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... MANAGEMENT TRANSPORTATION Air Transportation by U.S.-Flag Carriers 47.404 Air freight forwarders. (a) Agencies may use air freight forwarders that are engaged in international air transportation (49 U.S.C... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Air freight forwarders. 47...

Association of Sleep Adequacy With More Healthful Food Choices and Positive Workplace Experiences Among Motor Freight Workers

PubMed Central

Quintiliani, Lisa M.; Yang, May H.; Ebbeling, Cara B.; Stoddard, Anne M.; Pereira, Lesley K.; Sorensen, Glorian

2009-01-01

Objectives. We assessed whether adequate sleep is linked to more healthful eating behaviors among motor freight workers and whether it mediates the effects of workplace experiences. Methods. Data were derived from a baseline survey and assessment of permanent employees at 8 trucking terminals. Bivariate and multivariate regression models were used to examine relationships between work environment, sleep adequacy, and dietary choices. Results. The sample (n = 542) was 83% White, with a mean age of 49 years and a mean body mass index of 30 kg/m2. Most of the participants were satisfied with their job (87.5%) and reported adequate sleep (51%); 30% reported job strain. In our first model, lack of job strain and greater supervisor support were significantly associated with adequate sleep. In our second model, educational level, age, and adequate sleep were significantly associated with at least 2 of the 3 healthful eating choices assessed (P < .05). However, work experiences were not significant predictors of healthful food choices when adequate sleep was included. Conclusions. Adequate sleep is associated with more healthful food choices and may mediate the effects of workplace experiences. Thus, workplace health programs should be responsive to workers' sleep patterns. PMID:19890169

Intermodal freight transportation. Volume 2. Fact sheet, federal aid eligibility. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1995-12-01

The purpose of the Intermodal Freight Fact Sheet is to provide policymakers, planners, carriers, shippers and other interested parties with information that will create a better understanding of intermodal transportation and demonstrate the potential contribution of intermodalism to efficient freight transporation on the United States. This report on Federal Aid Eligibility examines support for facilities serving intermodal freight movements provided by Federal highway programs. Its purpose is to examine the expanding eligibility for Federal aid of intermodal freight projects.

Enrichment and Bioavailability of Trace Elements in Soil in Vicinity of Railways in Japan.

PubMed

Wang, Zhen; Watanabe, Izumi; Ozaki, Hirozaku; Zhang, Jianqiang

2018-01-01

This study focuses on the concentrations, distribution, pollution levels, and bioavailability of 12 trace elements in soils along 6 different railways in Japan. Three diesel powered railways and three electricity powered railways were chosen as target. Surface soils (< 3 cm) were collected in vicinity of railways for analysis. Digestion and extraction were performed before concentration and bioavailability analysis. Enrichment factor was applied to investigate contamination levels of selected elements. The mean concentrations of Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sn, and Pb in soil samples were higher than soil background value in Japan. Concentrations of trace elements in soils along different railway had different characteristics. Horizontal distribution of Cu, Zn, Cd, Sn, and Pb in soil samples showed obviously downtrend with distance along railways with high frequency. Concentrations of V, Mn, Fe, and Co were higher in soils along railways which pass through city center. According to principal component analysis and cluster analysis, concentrations of Cu, Zn, Sn, and Pb could be considered as the indicators of soil contamination level along electricity powered trains, whereas indicators along diesel powered trains were not clear. Enrichment factor analysis proved that operation of freight trains had impact on pollution level of Cr, Ni, and Cd. Bioavailability of Mn, Co, Zn, and Cd in soil along electricity-powered railways were higher, and bioavailability of Pb in railways located in countryside was lower. Thus, enrichment and bioavailability of trace elements can be indicators of railway-originated trace elements pollution in soil.

49 CFR 1242.23 - Shop buildings-freight cars (account XX-13-25).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 9 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Shop buildings-freight cars (account XX-13-25). 1242.23 Section 1242.23 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE... Structures § 1242.23 Shop buildings—freight cars (account XX-13-25). These accounts pertain solely to freight...

48 CFR 52.247-58 - Loading, Blocking, and Bracing of Freight Car Shipments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Bracing of Freight Car Shipments. 52.247-58 Section 52.247-58 Federal Acquisition Regulations System... Text of Provisions and Clauses 52.247-58 Loading, Blocking, and Bracing of Freight Car Shipments. As... be shipped in carload lots by rail: Loading, Blocking, and Bracing of Freight Car Shipments (APR 1984...

49 CFR 1242.23 - Shop buildings-freight cars (account XX-13-25).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Shop buildings-freight cars (account XX-13-25). 1242.23 Section 1242.23 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE... Structures § 1242.23 Shop buildings—freight cars (account XX-13-25). These accounts pertain solely to freight...

48 CFR 52.247-58 - Loading, Blocking, and Bracing of Freight Car Shipments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Bracing of Freight Car Shipments. 52.247-58 Section 52.247-58 Federal Acquisition Regulations System... Text of Provisions and Clauses 52.247-58 Loading, Blocking, and Bracing of Freight Car Shipments. As... be shipped in carload lots by rail: Loading, Blocking, and Bracing of Freight Car Shipments (APR 1984...

49 CFR 1242.23 - Shop buildings-freight cars (account XX-13-25).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 9 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Shop buildings-freight cars (account XX-13-25). 1242.23 Section 1242.23 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE... Structures § 1242.23 Shop buildings—freight cars (account XX-13-25). These accounts pertain solely to freight...

48 CFR 52.247-58 - Loading, Blocking, and Bracing of Freight Car Shipments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Bracing of Freight Car Shipments. 52.247-58 Section 52.247-58 Federal Acquisition Regulations System... Text of Provisions and Clauses 52.247-58 Loading, Blocking, and Bracing of Freight Car Shipments. As... be shipped in carload lots by rail: Loading, Blocking, and Bracing of Freight Car Shipments (APR 1984...

48 CFR 52.247-58 - Loading, Blocking, and Bracing of Freight Car Shipments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Bracing of Freight Car Shipments. 52.247-58 Section 52.247-58 Federal Acquisition Regulations System... Text of Provisions and Clauses 52.247-58 Loading, Blocking, and Bracing of Freight Car Shipments. As... be shipped in carload lots by rail: Loading, Blocking, and Bracing of Freight Car Shipments (APR 1984...

49 CFR 1242.23 - Shop buildings-freight cars (account XX-13-25).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 9 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Shop buildings-freight cars (account XX-13-25). 1242.23 Section 1242.23 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE... Structures § 1242.23 Shop buildings—freight cars (account XX-13-25). These accounts pertain solely to freight...

49 CFR 1242.23 - Shop buildings-freight cars (account XX-13-25).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 9 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Shop buildings-freight cars (account XX-13-25). 1242.23 Section 1242.23 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE... Structures § 1242.23 Shop buildings—freight cars (account XX-13-25). These accounts pertain solely to freight...

41 CFR 102-117.170 - What reference materials are available to ship freight?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... are available to ship freight? 102-117.170 Section 102-117.170 Public Contracts and Property... TRANSPORTATION 117-TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT Shipping Freight § 102-117.170 What reference materials are available to ship freight? (a) The following is a partial list of handbooks and guides available from GSA...

48 CFR 47.303-3 - F.o.b. origin, freight allowed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false F.o.b. origin, freight... CONTRACT MANAGEMENT TRANSPORTATION Transportation in Supply Contracts 47.303-3 F.o.b. origin, freight allowed. (a) Explanation of delivery term. F.o.b. origin, freight allowed means— (1) Free of expense to...

41 CFR 102-117.170 - What reference materials are available to ship freight?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... are available to ship freight? 102-117.170 Section 102-117.170 Public Contracts and Property... TRANSPORTATION 117-TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT Shipping Freight § 102-117.170 What reference materials are available to ship freight? (a) The following is a partial list of handbooks and guides available from GSA...

48 CFR 47.303-3 - F.o.b. origin, freight allowed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false F.o.b. origin, freight... CONTRACT MANAGEMENT TRANSPORTATION Transportation in Supply Contracts 47.303-3 F.o.b. origin, freight allowed. (a) Explanation of delivery term. F.o.b. origin, freight allowed means— (1) Free of expense to...

48 CFR 47.303-3 - F.o.b. origin, freight allowed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false F.o.b. origin, freight... CONTRACT MANAGEMENT TRANSPORTATION Transportation in Supply Contracts 47.303-3 F.o.b. origin, freight allowed. (a) Explanation of delivery term. F.o.b. origin, freight allowed means— (1) Free of expense to...

48 CFR 47.303-4 - F.o.b. origin, freight prepaid.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false F.o.b. origin, freight... CONTRACT MANAGEMENT TRANSPORTATION Transportation in Supply Contracts 47.303-4 F.o.b. origin, freight prepaid. (a) Explanation of delivery term. F.o.b. origin, freight prepaid means— (1) Free of expense to...

41 CFR 102-117.170 - What reference materials are available to ship freight?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... are available to ship freight? 102-117.170 Section 102-117.170 Public Contracts and Property... TRANSPORTATION 117-TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT Shipping Freight § 102-117.170 What reference materials are available to ship freight? (a) The following is a partial list of handbooks and guides available from GSA...

48 CFR 52.247-58 - Loading, Blocking, and Bracing of Freight Car Shipments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... be shipped in carload lots by rail: Loading, Blocking, and Bracing of Freight Car Shipments (APR 1984... Bracing of Freight Car Shipments. 52.247-58 Section 52.247-58 Federal Acquisition Regulations System... Text of Provisions and Clauses 52.247-58 Loading, Blocking, and Bracing of Freight Car Shipments. As...

48 CFR 47.303-4 - F.o.b. origin, freight prepaid.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false F.o.b. origin, freight... CONTRACT MANAGEMENT TRANSPORTATION Transportation in Supply Contracts 47.303-4 F.o.b. origin, freight prepaid. (a) Explanation of delivery term. F.o.b. origin, freight prepaid means— (1) Free of expense to...

41 CFR 102-117.170 - What reference materials are available to ship freight?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... are available to ship freight? 102-117.170 Section 102-117.170 Public Contracts and Property... TRANSPORTATION 117-TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT Shipping Freight § 102-117.170 What reference materials are available to ship freight? (a) The following is a partial list of handbooks and guides available from GSA...

41 CFR 102-117.170 - What reference materials are available to ship freight?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... are available to ship freight? 102-117.170 Section 102-117.170 Public Contracts and Property... TRANSPORTATION 117-TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT Shipping Freight § 102-117.170 What reference materials are available to ship freight? (a) The following is a partial list of handbooks and guides available from GSA...

48 CFR 47.303-3 - F.o.b. origin, freight allowed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false F.o.b. origin, freight... CONTRACT MANAGEMENT TRANSPORTATION Transportation in Supply Contracts 47.303-3 F.o.b. origin, freight allowed. (a) Explanation of delivery term. F.o.b. origin, freight allowed means— (1) Free of expense to...

48 CFR 47.303-4 - F.o.b. origin, freight prepaid.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false F.o.b. origin, freight... CONTRACT MANAGEMENT TRANSPORTATION Transportation in Supply Contracts 47.303-4 F.o.b. origin, freight prepaid. (a) Explanation of delivery term. F.o.b. origin, freight prepaid means— (1) Free of expense to...

48 CFR 47.303-4 - F.o.b. origin, freight prepaid.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false F.o.b. origin, freight... CONTRACT MANAGEMENT TRANSPORTATION Transportation in Supply Contracts 47.303-4 F.o.b. origin, freight prepaid. (a) Explanation of delivery term. F.o.b. origin, freight prepaid means— (1) Free of expense to...

48 CFR 47.303-3 - F.o.b. origin, freight allowed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false F.o.b. origin, freight... CONTRACT MANAGEMENT TRANSPORTATION Transportation in Supply Contracts 47.303-3 F.o.b. origin, freight allowed. (a) Explanation of delivery term. F.o.b. origin, freight allowed means— (1) Free of expense to...

48 CFR 47.303-4 - F.o.b. origin, freight prepaid.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false F.o.b. origin, freight... CONTRACT MANAGEMENT TRANSPORTATION Transportation in Supply Contracts 47.303-4 F.o.b. origin, freight prepaid. (a) Explanation of delivery term. F.o.b. origin, freight prepaid means— (1) Free of expense to...

49 CFR 174.83 - Switching placarded rail cars, transport vehicles, freight containers, and bulk packagings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., freight containers, and bulk packagings. 174.83 Section 174.83 Transportation Other Regulations Relating... Vehicles and Freight Containers § 174.83 Switching placarded rail cars, transport vehicles, freight containers, and bulk packagings. (a) In switching operations where the use of hand brakes is necessary— (1...

49 CFR 174.83 - Switching placarded rail cars, transport vehicles, freight containers, and bulk packagings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., freight containers, and bulk packagings. 174.83 Section 174.83 Transportation Other Regulations Relating... Vehicles and Freight Containers § 174.83 Switching placarded rail cars, transport vehicles, freight containers, and bulk packagings. (a) In switching operations where the use of hand brakes is necessary— (1...

49 CFR 174.83 - Switching placarded rail cars, transport vehicles, freight containers, and bulk packagings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., freight containers, and bulk packagings. 174.83 Section 174.83 Transportation Other Regulations Relating... Vehicles and Freight Containers § 174.83 Switching placarded rail cars, transport vehicles, freight containers, and bulk packagings. (a) In switching operations where the use of hand brakes is necessary— (1...

49 CFR 174.83 - Switching placarded rail cars, transport vehicles, freight containers, and bulk packagings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., freight containers, and bulk packagings. 174.83 Section 174.83 Transportation Other Regulations Relating... Vehicles and Freight Containers § 174.83 Switching placarded rail cars, transport vehicles, freight containers, and bulk packagings. (a) In switching operations where the use of hand brakes is necessary— (1...

49 CFR 174.83 - Switching placarded rail cars, transport vehicles, freight containers, and bulk packagings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., freight containers, and bulk packagings. 174.83 Section 174.83 Transportation Other Regulations Relating... Vehicles and Freight Containers § 174.83 Switching placarded rail cars, transport vehicles, freight containers, and bulk packagings. (a) In switching operations where the use of hand brakes is necessary— (1...

Freight pipelines: Current status and anticipated future use

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1998-07-01

This report is issued by the Task Committee on Freight Pipelines, Pipeline Division, ASCE. Freight pipelines of various types (including slurry pipeline, pneumatic pipeline, and capsule pipeline) have been used throughout the world for over a century for transporting solid and sometimes even package products. Recent advancements in pipeline technology, aided by advanced computer control systems and trenchless technologies, have greatly facilitated the transportation of solids by pipelines. Today, in many situations, freight pipelines are not only the most economical and practical means for transporting solids, they are also the most reliable, safest and most environmentally friendly transportation mode. Increasedmore » use of underground pipelines to transport freight is anticipated in the future, especially as the technology continues to improve and surface transportation modes such as highways become more congested. This paper describes the state of the art and expected future uses of various types of freight pipelines. Obstacles hindering the development and use of the most advanced freight pipeline systems, such as the pneumatic capsule pipeline for interstate transport of freight, are discussed.« less

Elemental carbon and PM(2.5 )levels in an urban community heavily impacted by truck traffic.

PubMed Central

Lena, T Suvendrini; Ochieng, Victor; Carter, Majora; Holguín-Veras, José; Kinney, Patrick L

2002-01-01

Hunts Point, a 690-acre peninsula in the South Bronx, New York City, is a hub in the tristate (New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut) freight transportation system. This study was carried out in response to community concerns about potential health effects of exposure to diesel exhaust particulate (DEP). We measured particulate matter < 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(2.5)) and elemental carbon (EC) on sidewalks and tested whether spatial variations in concentrations were related to local truck traffic density. Ten-hour integrated air samples for EC and PM(2.5) were collected for 9 days over a 3-week period in the summer of 1999 at seven geographically distinct intersections. Simultaneous traffic counts were carried out for each sampling event. Traffic was classified into three classes: passenger cars, small trucks, and large trucks (diesel vehicles). Mean diesel vehicle volumes ranged from 9.3 to 276.5 vehicles/hr across sites. Mean EC concentrations by site ranged from 2.6 microg/m(3) at the control site to 7.3 microg/m(3) along a designated truck route. Linear regression of site-specific mean EC concentration on mean large truck counts predicted an increase of 1.69 microg/m(3) EC per 100 large trucks/hr (SE = 0.37; p = 0.01; R(2) = 0.84). Average PM(2.5) concentrations by site ranged 1.6-fold (19.0-29.9 microg/m(3)) and were more weakly associated with local traffic. Variations over time for PM(2.5 )were more pronounced, ranging almost 4-fold (8.9-34.4 microg/m(3)). These results show that airborne EC concentrations, an important component of DEP, are elevated in Hunts Point and that the impact varies across the community as a function of large truck traffic. PMID:12361926

Assessing Temporal Effect of Economic Activity on Freight Volumes with Two-Period Cross-Sectional Data

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Oliveira Neto, Francisco Moraes; Chin, Shih-Miao; Hwang, Ho-Ling

2012-01-01

The most comprehensive publicly available freight databases are the Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) and the FHWA s Freight Analysis Framework (FAF). These two sources contain dollar value and weight of freight movements at high geographic levels, such as state or metropolitan areas. Due to the difficulty in obtaining freight data at lower geographies various practitioners and researchers have been suggesting to estimate freight models based on aggregate data. Following these recent practices, a methodology to estimate a nationwide production and attraction models for U.S. domestic trade of goods is presented. To this end, a CFS s data set provided bymore » U.S. Census Bureau and composed of two-nonconsecutive year period (2002 and 2007) of movements of goods between U.S. states for 27 industry sectors was used. The state payroll by industry sector, obtained from the County Business Patterns of the U.S. Census, was the variable used to estimate freight generation models. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the temporal stability and predictability of the proposed aggregate models. The results indicate that the payroll alone explains a significant portion of the freight production and attraction at the state level. However, such simplification in the model process did not result in reasonable predictions of freight for a future year horizon. It is recommended that time-dependent factors (e.g. variables related to changes industry productivity) affecting freight demand should be considered in the modeling process.« less

49 CFR 375.807 - What actions may I take to collect the charges upon my freight bill?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... freight bill? (a) You must present a freight bill within 15 days (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and... seven days (including Saturdays, Sundays, and Federal holidays). (c) You must provide in your tariffs... calendar days for any shipper who has not paid your freight bill within the 7-day period. However, for...

33 CFR 96.330 - Document of Compliance certificate: what is it and when is it needed?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... freight vessel, freight vessel, or a self-propelled mobile offshore drilling unit of 500 gross tons or... 12 passengers or a tanker, bulk freight vessel, freight vessel, or a self-propelled mobile offshore... by an authorized organization acting on behalf of the U.S. through a safety management verification...

49 CFR Appendix A to Part 215 - Railroad Freight Car Components

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Railroad Freight Car Components A Appendix A to... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Pt. 215, App. A Appendix A to Part 215—Railroad Freight Car Components List of components whose use is restricted by § 215.203 of...

49 CFR Appendix A to Part 215 - Railroad Freight Car Components

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Railroad Freight Car Components A Appendix A to... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Pt. 215, App. A Appendix A to Part 215—Railroad Freight Car Components List of components whose use is restricted by § 215.203 of...

49 CFR Appendix A to Part 215 - Railroad Freight Car Components

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Railroad Freight Car Components A Appendix A to... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Pt. 215, App. A Appendix A to Part 215—Railroad Freight Car Components List of components whose use is restricted by § 215.203 of...

49 CFR Appendix A to Part 215 - Railroad Freight Car Components

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Railroad Freight Car Components A Appendix A to... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Pt. 215, App. A Appendix A to Part 215—Railroad Freight Car Components List of components whose use is restricted by § 215.203 of...

49 CFR Appendix C to Part 215 - FRA Freight Car Standards Defect Code

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false FRA Freight Car Standards Defect Code C Appendix C... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Pt. 215, App. C Appendix C to Part 215—FRA Freight Car Standards Defect Code The following defect code has been established for use...

49 CFR Appendix C to Part 215 - FRA Freight Car Standards Defect Code

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false FRA Freight Car Standards Defect Code C Appendix C... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Pt. 215, App. C Appendix C to Part 215—FRA Freight Car Standards Defect Code The following defect code has been established for use...

49 CFR Appendix C to Part 215 - FRA Freight Car Standards Defect Code

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false FRA Freight Car Standards Defect Code C Appendix C... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Pt. 215, App. C Appendix C to Part 215—FRA Freight Car Standards Defect Code The following defect code has been established for use...

49 CFR Appendix A to Part 215 - Railroad Freight Car Components

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Railroad Freight Car Components A Appendix A to... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Pt. 215, App. A Appendix A to Part 215—Railroad Freight Car Components List of components whose use is restricted by § 215.203 of...

49 CFR Appendix C to Part 215 - FRA Freight Car Standards Defect Code

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false FRA Freight Car Standards Defect Code C Appendix C... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Pt. 215, App. C Appendix C to Part 215—FRA Freight Car Standards Defect Code The following defect code has been established for use...

19 CFR 351.515 - Internal transport and freight charges for export shipments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Internal transport and freight charges for export... Internal transport and freight charges for export shipments. (a) Benefit—(1) In general. In the case of internal transport and freight charges on export shipments, a benefit exists to the extent that the charges...

Designing Optimal LNG Station Network for U.S. Heavy-Duty Freight Trucks using Temporally and Spatially Explicit Supply Chain Optimization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Allen

The recent natural gas boom has opened much discussion about the potential of natural gas and specifically Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) in the United States transportation sector. The switch from diesel to natural gas vehicles would reduce foreign dependence on oil, spur domestic economic growth, and potentially reduce greenhouse gas emissions. LNG provides the most potential for the medium to heavy-duty vehicle market partially due to unstable oil prices and stagnant natural gas prices. As long as the abundance of unconventional gas in the United States remains cheap, fuel switching to natural gas could provide significant cost savings for long haul freight industry. Amid a growing LNG station network and ever increasing demand for freight movement, LNG heavy-duty truck sales are less than anticipated and the industry as a whole is less economic than expected. In spite of much existing and mature natural gas infrastructure, the supply chain for LNG is different and requires explicit and careful planning. This thesis proposes research to explore the claim that the largest obstacle to widespread LNG market penetration is sub-optimal infrastructure planning. No other study we are aware of has explicitly explored the LNG transportation fuel supply chain for heavy-duty freight trucks. This thesis presents a novel methodology that links a network infrastructure optimization model (represents supply side) with a vehicle stock and economic payback model (represents demand side). The model characterizes both a temporal and spatial optimization model of future LNG transportation fuel supply chains in the United States. The principal research goal is to assess the economic feasibility of the current LNG transportation fuel industry and to determine an optimal pathway to achieve ubiquitous commercialization of LNG vehicles in the heavy-duty transport sector. The results indicate that LNG is not economic as a heavy-duty truck fuel until 2030 under current market conditions unless a significant station capital subsidy, upwards of 50 percent and even then it might not be enough. However, a doubling of LNG truck demand will initialize network commercialization in the modeling base year, 2012 (the same year Clean Energy Corp. launched their national LNG network) in California and then gradually establish in other hotspot regions in Mid-West and Mid-Atlantic throughout the time horizon. The model shows that trucking routes in California are highly commercial due to high traffic volume and regional advantages. The model can be used by industry to inform necessary policies and to plan future infrastructure deployment along trucking routes that are likely to provide the highest returns.

Overview of the FAF3 Freight Flow Matrix Construction Process

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sprung, Michael J; Southworth, Frank; Davidson, Diane

PROJECT DESCRIPTION The FAF3 is a FHWA freight data product which provides a national O-D matrix of commodity flows to, from, and within the United States. FAF3 freight flows are reported in terms of both annual tons and annual dollars of freight moved by mode of transportation. Based largely on the 2007 CFS, FAF3 utilizes domestic freight flow characteristics, geographic regions, and the SCTG commodity coding system from CFS. However, many freight flows were not captured by the 2007 CFS due to scope and sample size limitations. Approximately 100,000 establishments were sampled out of some 754,000 freight moving establishments inmore » 2007 and imports are out of scope entirely. To estimate missing data values, the approach taken in FAF3 was to use a combination of a novel Log-linear modeling approach (LLM) with an iterative proportional fitting (IPF) routine that also uses additional data inputs to fill in the missing pieces. The complete FAF3 O-D Commodity Mode database is made up of 131 Origins x 131 Destinations x 43 Commodity Classes x 8 Modal categories, for annual tons and dollars. This poster illustrates how the 2007 CFS data were integrated with several additional data sources using LLM and IPF to create a comprehensive FAF3 national freight flow matrix. More detailed documentation on the sources and methods utilized in the development of FAF3 are available from the FHWA website at the following website: http://www.ops.fhwa.dot. gov/freight/freight_analysis/faf/index.htm.« less

Sustainable intermodal freight transportation: Applying the geospatial intermodal freight transport model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Comer, Bryan

To study the energy and environmental impacts of emissions associated with freight transportation, the Geospatial Intermodal Freight Transport (GIFT) model was created as a joint research collaborative between the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) and the University of Delaware (UD). The GIFT model is a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) based model that links the U.S. and Canadian water, rail, and road transportation networks through intermodal transfer facilities to create an intermodal network. The purpose of my thesis is to apply the GIFT model to examine potential public policies related to intermodal freight transportation in the Great Lakes region of the United States. My thesis will consist of two papers. The first paper will examine the environmental, economic, and time-of-delivery tradeoffs associated with freight transportation in the Great Lakes region and examine opportunities for marine vessels to replace a portion of heavy-duty trucks for containerized freight transport. The second paper will explore the potential benefits of using the Great Lakes as a corridor for short-sea shipping as part of a longer intermodal route. The intent of my thesis is to shed light on the current issues associated with freight transport in the Great Lakes region and present public policy alternatives to address said issues. Ideally, this thesis will better inform policymakers on the impacts and tradeoffs associated with freight transportation.

49 CFR 215.101 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Freight Car Components § 215.101 Scope. This subpart contains safety requirements prohibiting a railroad from placing or continuing in service a freight car...

49 CFR 215.101 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Freight Car Components § 215.101 Scope. This subpart contains safety requirements prohibiting a railroad from placing or continuing in service a freight car...

49 CFR 215.101 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Freight Car Components § 215.101 Scope. This subpart contains safety requirements prohibiting a railroad from placing or continuing in service a freight car...

49 CFR 215.101 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Freight Car Components § 215.101 Scope. This subpart contains safety requirements prohibiting a railroad from placing or continuing in service a freight car...

49 CFR 215.101 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS Freight Car Components § 215.101 Scope. This subpart contains safety requirements prohibiting a railroad from placing or continuing in service a freight car...

Transportation Energy Futures: Freight Transportation Modal Shares: Scenarios for a Low-Carbon Future

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Brogan, J. J.; Aeppli, A. E.; Brown, D. F.

2013-03-01

Freight transportation modes—truck, rail, water, air, and pipeline—each serve a distinct share of the freight transportation market. A variety of factors influence the modes chosen by shippers, carriers, and others involved in freight supply chains. Analytical methods can be used to project future modal shares, and federal policy actions could influence future freight mode choices. This report considers how these topics have been addressed in existing literature and offers insights on federal policy decisions with the potential to prompt mode choices that reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions.

Financing Freight Improvements

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-01-01

This Guidebook describes funding and financing tools available for freight investments. The Guidebook has been designed to provide information to the FHWA, states, MPOs, and other parties interested in investing in freight infrastructure. The Guidebo...

Integrating freight into NEPA analysis

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-09-01

The effi ciency and effectiveness of freight transportation is critical for economic growth and development, : ensuring livable communities, and creating a sustainable human and natural environment. It is increasingly : important to integrate freight...

75 FR 26726 - Seamless Refined Copper Pipe and Tube From Mexico: Notice of Preliminary Determination of Sales...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-12

... As - Arsenic 0.5 Cd - Cadmium 1.3 Cr - Chromium 1.4 Mg - Magnesium 0.8 Pb - Lead 1.5 S - Sulfur 0.7... appropriate, foreign inland freight to the port, foreign brokerage, international freight, marine insurance, U.S. inland freight from the port to warehouse, U.S. warehouse expenses, U.S. inland freight from the...

Multimodal freight investment criteria.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-07-01

Literature was reviewed on multi-modal investment criteria for freight projects, examining measures and techniques for quantifying project benefits and costs, as well as ways to describe the economic importance of freight transportation. : A limited ...

Diesel exhaust exposures in port workers.

PubMed

Debia, Maximilien; Neesham-Grenon, Eve; Mudaheranwa, Oliver C; Ragettli, Martina S

2016-07-01

Exposure to diesel engine exhaust has been linked to increased cancer risk and cardiopulmonary diseases. Diesel exhaust is a complex mixture of chemical substances, including a particulate fraction mainly composed of ultrafine particles, resulting from the incomplete combustion of fuel. Diesel trucks are known to be an important source of diesel-related air pollution, and areas with heavy truck traffic are associated with higher air pollution levels and increased public health problems. Several indicators have been proposed as surrogates for estimating exposures to diesel exhaust but very few studies have focused specifically on monitoring the ultrafine fraction through the measurement of particle number concentrations. The aim of this study is to assess occupational exposures of gate controllers at the port of Montreal, Canada, to diesel engine emissions from container trucks by measuring several surrogates through a multimetric approach which includes the assessment of both mass and number concentrations and the use of direct reading devices. A 10-day measurement campaign was carried out at two terminal checkpoints at the port of Montreal. Respirable elemental and organic carbon, PM1, PM2.5, PMresp (PM4), PM10, PMtot (inhalable fraction), particle number concentrations, particle size distributions, and gas concentrations (NO2, NO, CO) were monitored. Gate controllers were exposed to concentrations of contaminants associated with diesel engine exhaust (elemental carbon GM = 1.6 µg/m(3); GSD = 1.6) well below recommended occupational exposure limits. Average daily particle number concentrations ranged from 16,544-67,314 particles/cm³ (GM = 32,710 particles/cm³; GSD = 1.6). Significant Pearson correlation coefficients were found between daily elemental carbon, PM fractions and particle number concentrations, as well as between total carbon, PM fractions and particle number concentrations. Significant correlation coefficients were found between particle number concentrations and the number of trucks and wind speed (R(2) = 0.432; p < 0.01). The presence of trucks with cooling systems and older trucks with older exhaust systems was associated with peak concentrations on the direct reading instruments. The results highlight the relevance of direct reading instruments in helping to identify sources of exposure and suggest that monitoring particle number concentrations improves understanding of workers' exposures to diesel exhaust. This study, by quantifying workers' exposure levels through a multimetric approach, contributes to the further understanding of occupational exposures to diesel engine exhaust.

Optimizing photo-Fenton like process for the removal of diesel fuel from the aqueous phase

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background In recent years, pollution of soil and groundwater caused by fuel leakage from old underground storage tanks, oil extraction process, refineries, fuel distribution terminals, improper disposal and also spills during transferring has been reported. Diesel fuel has created many problems for water resources. The main objectives of this research were focused on assessing the feasibility of using photo-Fenton like method using nano zero-valent iron (nZVI/UV/H2O2) in removing total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and determining the optimal conditions using Taguchi method. Results The influence of different parameters including the initial concentration of TPH (0.1-1 mg/L), H2O2 concentration (5-20 mmole/L), nZVI concentration (10-100 mg/L), pH (3-9), and reaction time (15-120 min) on TPH reduction rate in diesel fuel were investigated. The variance analysis suggests that the optimal conditions for TPH reduction rate from diesel fuel in the aqueous phase are as follows: the initial TPH concentration equals to 0.7 mg/L, nZVI concentration 20 mg/L, H2O2 concentration equals to 5 mmol/L, pH 3, and the reaction time of 60 min and degree of significance for the study parameters are 7.643, 9.33, 13.318, 15.185 and 6.588%, respectively. The predicted removal rate in the optimal conditions was 95.8% and confirmed by data obtained in this study which was between 95-100%. Conclusion In conclusion, photo-Fenton like process using nZVI process may enhance the rate of diesel degradation in polluted water and could be used as a pretreatment step for the biological removal of TPH from diesel fuel in the aqueous phase. PMID:24955242

A methodology for statewide intermodal freight transportation planning.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1998-01-01

The researchers developed a methodology for statewide freight transportation planning that focuses on identifying and prioritizing infrastructure needs to improve the intermodal freight transportation system. It is designed to provide the framework f...

Perspective view of the Oregon Trunk Railway Freight Depot, view ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Perspective view of the Oregon Trunk Railway Freight Depot, view looking west at south end of building - Oregon Trunk Railway Freight Depot, Southwest First Street & Cascade Avenue, Redmond, Deschutes County, OR

Assessing sustainable freight policies.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-05-01

The main aim of the study was to examine transportation demand management strategies related to long haul freight. It investigates freight : movements and truck vehicle miles traveled (TVMT) changes in response to certain transportation policies, inc...

Performance metrics used by freight transport providers.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-09-30

The newly-established National Cooperative Freight Research Program (NCFRP) has allocated $300,000 in funding to a project entitled Performance Metrics for Freight Transportation (NCFRP 03). The project is scheduled for completion in September ...

Washington state freight system resiliency.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-01-01

The economic viability and well-being of Washington State is significantly influenced by the freight : transportation system serving the region. An increased understanding of the vulnerability of this freight : system to natural disasters, weather, t...

Relational Multimodal Freight Database Webinar

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-02-01

The relational Multimodal Freight Database (MFD) was developed as part of Texas Department : of Transportation (TxDOT) Research Project 0-6297 entitled Freight Planning Factors Impacting : Texas Commodity Flows, conducted by the Center for Transporta...

U.S. intermodal freight transportation : opportunities and obstacles

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-08-01

This study offers background information on, definition and system architecture of, and stakeholders and impediments of intermodal freight transportation. The research also provides brief information on the current and future freight movement, domest...

Intelligent transportation systems and intermodal freight transportation. Final report, May-December 1992

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aylward, A.D.

1996-12-01

This paper describes the various advanced technologies already in use in the intermodal freight transportation industry and addresses the opportunity for improved communication between the public and private sector regarding technology applications to the freight transportation system that could enhance the capacity of the system as a whole. The current public interest in freight transportation policy creates an opportunity to develop a shared vision of the future needs of international intermodal freight transportation in the United States. The Federal government can impact this vision by taking action in the following areas: Provide Infrastructure Funding to Support Efficiency and Global Competitiveness;more » Support Regional and Corridor Efforts; Understand the Freight Sector and Develop a Shared Vision of Technology Benefits; Lead Transportation Technology Efforts of Federal Agencies; and Maintain Commitment to Open ITS Architecture.« less

NEMS Freight Transportation Module Improvement Study

EIA Publications

2015-01-01

The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) contracted with IHS Global, Inc. (IHS) to analyze the relationship between the value of industrial output, physical output, and freight movement in the United States for use in updating analytic assumptions and modeling structure within the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) freight transportation module, including forecasting methodologies and processes to identify possible alternative approaches that would improve multi-modal freight flow and fuel consumption estimation.

An Analysis of International Air Freight Forwarding Support for the United States Navy.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-06-01

2. The Role of IATA in Ratemaking ... ...... 23 3. Current Environment ..... ........... 24 III. BURLINGTON-NORTHERN AIR FREIGHT, INCORPORATED . . 28...Postgraduate School Library, Defense Logistics Studies Information Exchange, service guides provided by air freight forwarders, and MAC airlift data. Additional...carrier is permitted access [Ref. 16]. 2. The Role of IATA in Ratemaking Factors other than shipper demand and carrier costs affect international freight

Three-dimensional derailment analysis of crashed freight trains

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Hechao; Zhang, Jimin; Hecht, Markus

2014-03-01

In this paper, the collision-induced derailment of freight trains was investigated. The collision between two identical freight trains occurring on a curved path rather than along a straight line was investigated. This is because from the point of view of safety against derailment this collision scenario is thought to be more critical than the scenarios defined in the European standard EN 15227. In this work, one of the trains is stationary and the other moving train collides at 36 km/h. Two kinds of container wagons were simulated. One is the two-axle freight wagon Kls 442. Another is the freight wagon Rmms 662 with two Y25 bogies. Simulation results demonstrate that in terms of safety against derailment the bogie wagon Rmms 662 was found to have better behaviour than the two-axle wagon Kls 442. In addition, this study points out that there are many contributory factors to the responses of freight wagons during a collision, such as curve radius, distance between bogie pivots and loading mass. The derailment phenomenon is less likely to occur, when freight trains collide on the curve with a larger radius. Besides that the characteristics of freight wagons with large axle loads, low centre of gravity of car body and appropriate static strength are favourable for the collided wagons in reducing the risk of derailment.

Detail perspective view of the Oregon Trunk Railway Freight Depot, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Detail perspective view of the Oregon Trunk Railway Freight Depot, view looking east at south end of building - Oregon Trunk Railway Freight Depot, Southwest First Street & Cascade Avenue, Redmond, Deschutes County, OR

Survey methods for assessing freight industry opinions : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-03-01

Freight transportation concerns and issues have received increasing attention during the 1990s. Public sector agencies use various methods to identify locations where improvements are needed to facilitate freight movements. Concerns and needs regardi...

National freight transportation policy statement

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-01-06

This statement of guiding principles for the Nation's freight transportation system sets forth a DOT policy framework that will help shape important decisions affecting freight transportation across all modes. Our interest is to ensure the nation has...

A simulation model for intermodal freight transportation in Louisiana.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-01-01

With increased emphasis on intermodal transportation development, the issue of how to evaluate an intermodal freight transportation system and provide intermodal solutions has been receiving intensive attention. In order to improve freight flow effic...

Developing a Global Green Freight Action Plan

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) presentation gives an overview of the Global Green Freight Action Plan to improve the energy efficiency and environmental performance of freight operations worldwide along with developing an action plan.

Freight facts and figures, 2013.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-01-01

This tenth edition of Freight Facts and Figures was developed : collaboratively by the Federal Highway Administration : and the Bureau of Transportation Statistics. It provides a : snapshot of the volume and value of freight flows in the : United Sta...

Calibration of microsimulation models for multimodal freight networks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-06-01

This research presents a framework for incorporating the unique operating characteristics of multi-modal freight networks : into the calibration process for microscopic traffic simulation models. Because of the nature of heavy freight movements : in ...

Application of a statewide intermodal freight planning methodology.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-08-01

Anticipating the need for Virginia to comply with the new freight planning requirements mandated by ISTEA and TEA-21, the Virginia Transportation Research Council in 1998 developed a Statewide Intermodal Freight Transportation Planning Methodology, w...

Understanding and Modeling Freight Stakeholder Behavior

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-04-01

This project developed a conceptual model of private-sector freight stakeholder decisions and interactions for : forecasting freight demands in response to key policy variables. Using East Central Wisconsin as a study area, empirical : models were de...

Building better understanding of sustainability and freight transport.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-02-01

Public information on sustainability and freight transportation is difficult to find outside of technical research journals. Even among college curricula, the freight sector is often overlooked as a major transportation and environmental issue. To fi...

Sensor network design for multimodal freight transportation systems.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-10-15

The agricultural and manufacturing industries in the US Midwest region rely heavily on the efficiency of freight transportation systems. While the growth of freight movement far outpaces that of the transportation infrastructure, ensuring the efficie...

1999 Florida Freight Stakeholders Task Force Report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-11-01

The Florida Freight Stakeholders Task Force was organized in 1998 as a result of the Governor's Transportation Summit to address two principal objectives: (1) to identify, prioritize and recommend freight transportation projects for fast track fundin...

Short-term changes in the composition of active marine bacterial assemblages in response to diesel oil pollution.

PubMed

Lanfranconi, Mariana P; Bosch, Rafael; Nogales, Balbina

2010-09-01

The changes caused by diesel oil pollution in the metabolically active bacterioplankton from an oligotrophic coastal location were analysed in laboratory microcosms (44 l) using 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) as molecular marker. The aim was to simulate typical hydrocarbon pollution events in a coastal area exploited for seasonal touristic activities. The experiment consisted in addition of low amounts of diesel oil without nutrients to seawater collected at different times (winter and summer). Bacterial diversity was analysed by terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) profiling of 16S rRNAs after reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and by generation of 16S rRNA clone libraries in control and diesel-polluted microcosms. Diesel addition caused a twofold increase in prokaryotic numbers in comparison with controls at the end of the experiment, both in winter and summer microcosms. Bacterioplankton composition, determined by 16S rRNA T-RFLP data, changed rapidly (within 17 h) in response to treatment. The resulting communities were different in microcosms with water collected in summer and winter. A reduction in diversity (Shannon index, calculated on the basis of T-RFLP data) was observed only in summer microcosms. This was due to the rapid increase of phylotypes affiliated to the Oceanospirillaceae, not observed in winter microcosms. After diesel treatment there was a reduction in the number of phylotypes related to SAR11, SAR86 and picocyanobacteria, while phylotypes of the Roseobacter clade, and the OMG group seemed to be favoured. Our results show that diesel pollution alone caused profound effects on the bacterioplankton of oligotrophic seawater, and explained many of the differences in diversity reported previously in pristine and polluted sites in this coastal area. © 2010 The Authors; Journal compilation © 2010 Society for Applied Microbiology and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

The freight shuttle system : advancing commercial readiness.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-01-01

This report summarizes the results of research aimed at advancing the commercial readiness of a new hybrid : mode of intermodal freight transportation called the Freight Shuttle System (FSS). The FSS represents a : unique combination of the best feat...

Partial elevation view of the Oregon Trunk Railway Freight Depot, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Partial elevation view of the Oregon Trunk Railway Freight Depot, view looking west at south end of east façade - Oregon Trunk Railway Freight Depot, Southwest First Street & Cascade Avenue, Redmond, Deschutes County, OR

Partial elevation view of the Oregon Trunk Railway Freight Depot, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Partial elevation view of the Oregon Trunk Railway Freight Depot, view looking west at north end of east façade - Oregon Trunk Railway Freight Depot, Southwest First Street & Cascade Avenue, Redmond, Deschutes County, OR

Partial elevation view of the Oregon Trunk Railway Freight Depot, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Partial elevation view of the Oregon Trunk Railway Freight Depot, view looking west at center of east façade - Oregon Trunk Railway Freight Depot, Southwest First Street & Cascade Avenue, Redmond, Deschutes County, OR

Freight information real-time system for transport : evaluation final report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-10-01

This report presents the findings of an independent evaluation of the Freight Information Real-time System for Transport (FIRST) intermodal freight Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) prototype system. FIRST is an Internet-based, real-time networ...

Freight Transportation Energy Use : Volume 3. Freight Network and Operations Database.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1979-07-01

The data sources, procedures, and assumptions used to generate the TSC national freight network and operations database are documented. National rail, highway, waterway, and pipeline networks are presented, and estimates of facility capacity, travel ...

Feasibility of freight villages in the NYMTC region.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-03-23

This report summarizes the work conducted to analyze the site impact of freight villages. The analysis included assessing traffic, : logistics and economic impacts, which are then used to determine the extent to which freight village development has ...

Higher speed freight truck market analysis.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-07-01

A market analysis was conducted on behalf of FRA to determine the viability for implementation of higher speed freight rail service in anticipation of high-speed passenger rail service on upgraded freight rail corridors. : The analysis focused on the...

Higher speed freight truck market analysis.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-07-01

A market analysis was conducted on behalf of FRA to determine the viability for implementation of higher speed freight rail : service in anticipation of high-speed passenger rail service on upgraded freight rail corridors. : The analysis focused on t...

Freight Transportation Petroleum Conservation - Viability Evaluation

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1979-03-01

This report develops a comprehensive perspective of current and near-term future energy demand in U.S. freight transportation. Synthesis of studies of many agencies indicate that the annual petroleum fuel demand for freight transportation in 1985 wil...

Freight Calculation Model: A Case Study of Coal Distribution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yunianto, I. T.; Lazuardi, S. D.; Hadi, F.

2018-03-01

Coal has been known as one of energy alternatives that has been used as energy source for several power plants in Indonesia. During its transportation from coal sites to power plant locations is required the eligible shipping line services that are able to provide the best freight rate. Therefore, this study aims to obtain the standardized formulations for determining the ocean freight especially for coal distribution based on the theoretical concept. The freight calculation model considers three alternative transport modes commonly used in coal distribution: tug-barge, vessel and self-propelled barge. The result shows there are two cost components very dominant in determining the value of freight with the proportion reaching 90% or even more, namely: time charter hire and fuel cost. Moreover, there are three main factors that have significant impacts on the freight calculation, which are waiting time at ports, time charter rate and fuel oil price.

Highway reservation system design and its application to freight transportation.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-05-01

Congestion and safety associated with freight trucks are key issues that arise in the context of highway : transportation, especially in the heavily-traveled commercial corridors. To address these issues, truck-only lanes for freight trucks have been...

Automatic Data Reduction from Aerial Photographs - Phase 1 Report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-11-01

This report provides a snapshot of freight transportation, focusing on the volume and value of freight shipments, the extent of the freight network, industry employment and productivity patterns, its safety record, energy use, and the environmental c...

Use of advanced analysis tools to support freeway corridor freight planning.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-07-22

Advanced corridor freight management and pricing strategies are increasingly being chosen to : address freight mobility challenges. As a result, evaluation tools are needed to assess the benefits : of these strategies as compared to other alternative...

Enhanced freight sketch planning tool for assessing multimodal investment strategies.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-09-01

In recent years, there have been dramatic changes in the volume and movement of freight within the : US and internationally. Traditional distribution systems have been replaced by just-in-time driven : processes and freight transportation patterns ha...

Freight facts and figures, 2015.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-01-01

This 11th edition of Freight Facts and Figures was developed by the Bureau of : Transportation Statistics. It provides a snapshot of the volume and value of : freight flows in the United States; the extent, condition, and performance of the : physica...

Improving Statewide Freight Routing Capabilities for Sub-National Commodity Flows

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-10-01

The ability to fully understand and accurately characterize freight vehicle route choices is important in helping to inform regional and state decisions. This project recommends improvements to WSDOTs Statewide Freight GIS Network Model to more ac...

Goods movement study in Illinois : application to freight transportation and logistics.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-03-01

This report details the results generated by a recently completed nationwide online freight establishment study. : The survey was assembled with the intention of allowing the formulation or enhancement of new or existing : freight-demand microsimulat...

Development of analytic intermodal freight networks for use within a GIS

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-05-01

The paper discusses the practical issues involved in constructing intermodal freight networks that can be used within GIS platforms to support inter-regional freight routing and subsequent (for example, commodity flow) analysis. The procedures descri...

Missouri River freight corridor assessment & development plan.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-09-01

The purpose of the Missouri River Freight Corridor Development effort is to redevelop the river as a freight corridor with logical market nodes and reliable service that supports a sustainable market and logistics system. Four focus areas have been i...

Measure of Truck Delay and Reliability at the Corridor Level

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2018-04-01

Freight transportation provides a significant contribution to our nations economy. A reliable and accessible freight network enables business in the Twin Cities to be more competitive in the Upper Midwest region. Accurate and reliable freight data...

78 FR 11727 - National Freight Advisory Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-19

... performance in freight transportation; (6) development of freight transportation investment, data, and...; (3) availability and willingness to serve; and (4) relevant experience in working in committees and... minorities, women, and persons with disabilities. Please note, however, that federally registered lobbyists...

Twin Cities Metro Freight Initiative : The Story of Freight in the Twin Cities

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-01-31

The purpose of this document is to highlight the importance of the regions freight transportation system to businesses and residents, particularly in terms of its contributions to regional economic development and quality of life.

Influence of switches and crossings on wheel profile evolution in freight vehicles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Casanueva, Carlos; Doulgerakis, Emmanouil; Jönsson, Per-Anders; Stichel, Sebastian

2014-05-01

Wheel reprofiling costs for freight vehicles are a major issue in Sweden, reducing the profitability of freight traffic operations and therefore hindering the modal shift needed for achieving reduced emissions. In order to understand the damage modes in freight vehicles, uniform wear prediction with Archard's wear law has been studied in a two-axle timber transport wagon, and simulation results have been compared to measurements. Challenges of wheel wear prediction in freight wagons are discussed, including the influence of block brakes and switches and crossings. The latter have a major influence on the profile evolution of this case study, so specific simulations are performed and a thorough discussion is carried out.

Security Assistance: Taxpayer Funds Spent on Equipment That Was Never Shipped to Yemen

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-07-15

28, 2015). 3A freight forwarder is a commercial company contracted to ship equipment from the United States to a partner country. Page 2 GAO-15...which Yemen had originally contracted to ship the equipment. Starting in 2007, Yemen was in arrears with its freight forwarder. In April 2008, the...and have some of the equipment incrementally shipped by the freight forwarder. However, the freight forwarder acknowledged it has not received

A Community Network of 100 Black Carbon Sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Preble, C.; Kirchstetter, T.; Caubel, J.; Cados, T.; Keeling, C.; Chang, S.

2017-12-01

We developed a low-cost black carbon sensor, field tested its performance, and then built and deployed a network of 100 sensors in West Oakland, California. We operated the network for 100 days beginning mid-May 2017 to measure spatially resolved black carbon concentrations throughout the community. West Oakland is a San Francisco Bay Area mixed residential and industrial community that is adjacent to regional port and rail yard facilities and surrounded by major freeways. As such, the community is affected by diesel particulate matter emissions from heavy-duty diesel trucks, locomotives, and ships associated with freight movement. In partnership with Environmental Defense Fund, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District, and the West Oakland Environmental Indicators Project, we deployed the black carbon monitoring network outside of residences and business, along truck routes and arterial streets, and at upwind locations. The sensor employs the filter-based light transmission method to measure black carbon and has good precision and correspondence with current commercial black carbon instruments. Throughout the 100-day period, each of the 100 sensors transmitted data via a cellular network. A MySQL database was built to receive and manage the data in real-time. The database included diagnostic features to monitor each sensor's operational status and facilitate the maintenance of the network. Spatial and temporal patterns in black carbon concentrations will be presented, including patterns around industrial facilities, freeways, and truck routes, as well as the relationship between neighborhood concentrations and the BAAQMD's monitoring site. Lessons learned during this first of its kind black carbon monitoring network will also be shared.

Dominant petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in the Archipelago Sea in South-West Finland (Baltic Sea) belong to different taxonomic groups than hydrocarbon degraders in the oceans.

PubMed

Reunamo, Anna; Riemann, Lasse; Leskinen, Piia; Jørgensen, Kirsten S

2013-07-15

The natural petroleum hydrocarbon degrading capacity of the Archipelago Sea water in S-W Finland was studied in a microcosm experiment. Pristine and previously oil exposed sites were examined. Bacterial community fingerprinting was performed using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and samples from selected microcosms were sequenced. The abundance of PAH degradation genes was measured by quantitative PCR. Bacterial communities in diesel exposed microcosms diverged from control microcosms during the experiment. Gram positive PAH degradation genes dominated at both sites in situ, whereas gram negative PAH degrading genes became enriched in diesel microcosms. The dominant bacterial groups after a 14 days of diesel exposure were different depending on the sampling site, belonging to the class Actinobacteria (32%) at a pristine site and Betaproteobacteria (52%) at a previously oil exposed site. The hydrocarbon degrading bacteria in the Baltic Sea differ from those in the oceans, where most hydrocarbon degraders belong to Gammaproteobacteria. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Challenges and Opportunities for an ITS Intermodal Freight Program

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-02-01

This final report was developed as part of the project, "ITS/Intermodal Freight Design for Operational Tests." The objective of the project was to develop a plan for conducting field operational tests to facilitate movement of intermodal freight in t...

Optimum routing of freight in urban environments under normal operations and disruptions : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-12-27

The complexity and dynamics of multimodal freight transportation together with the unpredictability of incidents, disruptions and demand changes make the optimum routing of freight a challenging task. Optimum routing decisions in a multimodal transpo...

An integrated framework for modeling freight mode and route choice.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-10-01

A number of statewide travel demand models have included freight as a separate component in analysis. Unlike : passenger travel, freight has not gained equivalent attention because of lack of data and difficulties in modeling. In : the current state ...

White papers on freight efficiency.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-05-31

A number of stakeholders met with the ultimate goal of identifying inefficiencies faced by the freight system and putting forward a set of : strategies to achieve a more efficient freight system. In doing so, a key first step was to provide insight a...

Challenges And Opportunities For An ITS/Intermodal Freight Program

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-02-01

This final report was developed as part of the project, "ITS/Intermodal Freight Design for Operational Tests". The objective of the project was to develop a plan for conducting field operational tests to facilitate movement of intermodal freight in t...

Freight transportation in Oklahoma : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Oklahoma and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databases...

Rural freight rail and multimodal transportation improvements - the Upper Peninsula of Michigan.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-07-01

Affordable freight transportation is a requirement for survival for rural industries, and in many : cases requires the presence of freight rail systems. This study investigated the transportation : system in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan (U.P.). Th...

Freight Facts and Figures 2017

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2018-03-15

This 12th edition of Freight Facts and Figures was developed by the Bureau of Transportation Statistics. It provides a snapshot of the volume and value of freight flows in the United States; the extent and condition of the physical network over which...

America's container ports : freight hubs that connect our nation to global markets

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-06-01

The U.S. marine transportation system continues to handle large volumes of domestic and international : freight in support of the nations economic activities. The demand for freight transportation : responds to trends in global economic activity a...

Needs, barriers, and analysis methods for integrated urban freight transportation : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-08-01

In this joint project University of Maryland, West Virginia University, and Morgan State University worked together to : solve critical problems associated with urban freight systems. A review of literature and case studies on freight : villages and ...

Freight transportation in Mississippi : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Mississippi and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databa...

Urban distribution centers : a means to reducing freight vehicle miles traveled.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-02-01

The present study examines the model of freight consolidation platforms, and urban distribution centers (UDCs) in particular, as a means to solve the last mile problem of urban freight while reducing vehicle miles traveled and associated environmenta...

How vulnerable is Texas’ freight infrastructure to extreme weather events? Final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-03-01

The Texas Freight Mobility Plan forecasts significant increases in freight volumes across all transportation modes over the next three decades. An increased frequency of extreme weather events such as prolonged droughts and flash flooding is also exp...

Dynamic mobility applications policy analysis : policy and institutional issues for freight advanced traveler information systems (FRATIS).

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-10-30

This report documents policy considerations for the Freight Advanced Traveler Information System, or FRATIS. FRATIS applications provide freight-specific route guidance and optimize drayage operations so that load movements are coordinated between fr...

Performance measures for sustainable freight movement.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-02-01

Freight movement by road and rail is a cornerstone of the economy of the United States. However, the movement of freight in the U.S. is increasingly impacted by congestion, overburdened infrastructure, and economic issues. Thus, there is a need to em...

Freight transportation in Illinois : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Illinois and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databases...

Freight transportation in Wisconsin : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Wisconsin and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal database...

Freight transportation in Missouri : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Missouri and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databases...

Freight transportation in Michigan : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Michigan and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databases...

Freight transportation in Washington : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Washington and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databas...

Freight transportation in Pennsylvania : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Pennsylvania and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal datab...

Freight transportation in Wyoming : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Wyoming and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databases ...

Freight transportation in Indiana : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Indiana and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databases ...

Freight transportation in Vermont : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Vermont and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databases ...

Freight transportation in Colorado : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Colorado and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databases...

Freight transportation in Minnesota : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Minnesota and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal database...

Freight transportation in Arkansas : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight : transportation in Arkansas and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report : is to present the major Federal datab...

Freight transportation in Virginia : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight : transportation in Virginia and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the : report is to present the major Federal datab...

Freight transportation in Connecticut : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Connecticut and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databa...

Using geographic information science to evaluate legal restrictions on freight transportation routing in disruptive scenarios

DOE PAGES

Fialkoff, Marc R.; Omitaomu, Olufemi A.; Peterson, Steven K.; ...

2016-12-23

Disasters have consequences and freight transportation is not immune from the effects of such disruptions. In the aftermath of disasters, planners and policymakers have to utilize scarce resources and work within legal frameworks to provide recovery for affected citizens and business. As seen with Hurricane Sandy, various observers noted the challenge with freight rerouting due to inoperable infrastructure and legal barriers involved with intermodal freight transportation. This paper focuses on how Geographic Information Systems (GIS); specifically WebTRAGIS (Transportation Routing Analysis GIS), a transportation routing platform developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, can be used to evaluate different routing options formore » freight transportation. In the case of freight transportation, the Merchant Marine Act of 1920 (also known as the Jones Act) restricts Short Sea Shipping (SSS) between coastwise points within U.S. territorial waters. This restriction leads to reliance on land-side modes for handling increased freight resulting from cargo diversion. Using Hurricane Sandy and the closure of the Port of New York/New Jersey as a case study, different modal studies were conducted; ultimately highlighting the various routes and provides insight into potential review of modal restrictions such as the Jones Act.« less

Using geographic information science to evaluate legal restrictions on freight transportation routing in disruptive scenarios

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fialkoff, Marc R.; Omitaomu, Olufemi A.; Peterson, Steven K.

Disasters have consequences and freight transportation is not immune from the effects of such disruptions. In the aftermath of disasters, planners and policymakers have to utilize scarce resources and work within legal frameworks to provide recovery for affected citizens and business. As seen with Hurricane Sandy, various observers noted the challenge with freight rerouting due to inoperable infrastructure and legal barriers involved with intermodal freight transportation. This paper focuses on how Geographic Information Systems (GIS); specifically WebTRAGIS (Transportation Routing Analysis GIS), a transportation routing platform developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, can be used to evaluate different routing options formore » freight transportation. In the case of freight transportation, the Merchant Marine Act of 1920 (also known as the Jones Act) restricts Short Sea Shipping (SSS) between coastwise points within U.S. territorial waters. This restriction leads to reliance on land-side modes for handling increased freight resulting from cargo diversion. Using Hurricane Sandy and the closure of the Port of New York/New Jersey as a case study, different modal studies were conducted; ultimately highlighting the various routes and provides insight into potential review of modal restrictions such as the Jones Act.« less

Sustainable freight infrastructure to meet climate and air quality goals.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-02-01

This report examines the potential for freight modal shift from truck-to-rail in the upper Midwestern U.S. : to improve air quality and reduce CO2 emissions. Two scenarios were generated, one focusing on : intra-regional freight movements within the ...

Techniques for mining truck data to improve freight operations and planning.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-05-01

Freight plays an increasingly valuable role in the national economy, and a growing percentage of : freight measured by both total volume and market value - is being moved along the highway : system by truck. An important part of the research proc...

Integration of passenger and freight rail scheduling : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-02-02

In the United States, freight railway are one of the major way to transport goods from ports to inland destinations. According to an Association of American Railroad's study, rail companies move more than 40% of the nation's total freight. Given the ...

Examining the value of travel time reliability for freight transportation to support freight planning and decision-making.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-12-01

This report presents the findings of a valuation study recently conducted in Florida to quantify the : freight users willingness to pay (WTP) for the improvement of transportation-related attributes, : particularly reliability. A stated preference...

Examining the value of travel time reliability for freight transportation to support freight planning and decision-Making [summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-12-01

As consumers demand greater choice and availability of products, suppliers have responded with more just-in-time delivery and less centralized inventories. Keeping this supply chain working efficiently requires reliable freight transportation. Delays...

Freight transportation in New Hampshire : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in New Hampshire and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal data...

Measuring the economic contribution of the freight industry to the Maryland economy.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-05-01

Economic impacts of freight movement to Marylands economy were estimated by input-output analysis : using the 2010 IMPLAN data. A freight economic output (FECO) index was also developed based on the : historical payroll data and gross domestic pro...

Noise level measurements of railroads : freight yards and wayside

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1974-05-01

Noise from railroad operations were measured. Noise level data from freight yard operations were measured at the Argentine Freight Yard of the Santa Fe Railroad in Kansas City, Kansas and on a smaller scale in three facilities of the Boston and Maine...

Freight transportation in New Mexico : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in New Mexico and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databas...

Freight transportation in New Jersey : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in New Jersey and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databas...

Freight transportation in West Virginia : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in West Virginia and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal data...

Freight transportation in Oregon : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Oregon and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databases r...

Freight transportation in North Dakota : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in North Dakota and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal datab...

Freight transportation in Utah : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Utah and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databases rel...

Freight transportation in Texas : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Texas and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databases re...

Freight transportation in New York : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in New York and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databases...

Freight transportation in Hawaii : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Hawaii and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databases r...

Freight transportation in Ohio : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Ohio and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databases rel...

Freight transportation in Iowa : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Iowa and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databases rel...

Freight transportation in Rhode Island : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Rhode Island and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal datab...

Freight transportation in Idaho : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in Idaho and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal databases re...

Freight transportation in South Carolina : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in South Carolina and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal dat...

Freight transportation in North Carolina : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight : transportation in North Carolina and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the : report is to present the major Federal...

Freight transportation in North Carolina : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in North Carolina and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal dat...

Freight transportation in South Dakota : selected data from federal sources

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-10-01

Welcome to the State Freight Transportation Profile. This report presents information on freight transportation in South Dakota and is part of a series of reports covering all 50 States. The purpose of the report is to present the major Federal datab...

Air freight demand models: An overview

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dajani, J. S.; Bernstein, G. W.

1978-01-01

A survey is presented of some of the approaches which have been considered in freight demand estimation. The few existing continuous time computer simulations of aviation systems are reviewed, with a view toward the assessment of this approach as a tool for structuring air freight studies and for relating the different components of the air freight system. The variety of available data types and sources, without which the calibration, validation and the testing of both modal split and simulation models would be impossible are also reviewed.

DoD Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) Convention: ASC X12 Transaction Set 859 Generic Freight Invoice (Version 003020)

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-04-01

FREIGHT INVOICE (VERSION 003020) FORMATTING INVOICE INFORMATION FOR THE DoD TRANSPORTATION PAYMENT SYSTEM USING THE X1 2.55 TRANSACTION SET 859 GENERIC...GBYERIC FREIGHT NIVOICE EDI CONVENTON 859.003020 * Contents FORMATTING INVOICE INFORMATION FOR THE DoD TRANSPORTATION PAYMENT SYSTEM USING THE Xl 2.55... transportation invoice using the ASC X12.55 Transaction Set 859 Generic Freight Invoice (003020). It contains information for the design of interface

US Advanced Freight and Passenger MAGLEV System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morena, John J.; Danby, Gordon; Powell, James

1996-01-01

Japan and Germany will operate first generation Maglev passenger systems commercially shortly after 2000 A.D. The United States Maglev systems will require sophisticated freight and passenger carrying capability. The U.S. freight market is larger than passenger transport. A proposed advanced freight and passenger Maglev Project in Brevard County Florida is described. Present Maglev systems cost 30 million dollars or more per mile. Described is an advanced third generation Maglev system with technology improvements that will result in a cost of 10 million dollars per mile.

A Descriptive Study of the DoD-Managed Freight Forwarder Concept.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-09-01

AFLC/PMPO AMSAC-OL/ 7 AFLC ILC/ AWST MTMCEA/ ITEL AFLC ILC/EC MTMC-ITX AFLC ILC/GB USN/OP-632B AF IT! LSM USN/SUP-07C DISAM/DIC USASAC-NCAD (OL/T) SAAC...commercial insurance coverage for the protection of all purchaser-owned FMS materiel while in custody of the freight forwarder. r . Process FMS customer...export for each shipment. r . Provide export boxing and marking if required. s. Carry out freight rate negotiations as required. t. Retrieve freight from

Methodology for Estimating ton-Miles of Goods Movements for U.S. Freight Mulitimodal Network System

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Oliveira Neto, Francisco Moraes; Chin, Shih-Miao; Hwang, Ho-Ling

2013-01-01

Ton-miles is a commonly used measure of freight transportation output. Estimation of ton-miles in the U.S. transportation system requires freight flow data at disaggregated level (either by link flow, path flows or origin-destination flows between small geographic areas). However, the sheer magnitude of the freight data system as well as industrial confidentiality concerns in Census survey, limit the freight data which is made available to the public. Through the years, the Center for Transportation Analysis (CTA) of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has been working in the development of comprehensive national and regional freight databases and network flow models.more » One of the main products of this effort is the Freight Analysis Framework (FAF), a public database released by the ORNL. FAF provides to the general public a multidimensional matrix of freight flows (weight and dollar value) on the U.S. transportation system between states, major metropolitan areas, and remainder of states. Recently, the CTA research team has developed a methodology to estimate ton-miles by mode of transportation between the 2007 FAF regions. This paper describes the data disaggregation methodology. The method relies on the estimation of disaggregation factors that are related to measures of production, attractiveness and average shipments distances by mode service. Production and attractiveness of counties are captured by the total employment payroll. Likely mileages for shipments between counties are calculated by using a geographic database, i.e. the CTA multimodal network system. Results of validation experiments demonstrate the validity of the method. Moreover, 2007 FAF ton-miles estimates are consistent with the major freight data programs for rail and water movements.« less

7 CFR 755.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... freight, ocean freight, and land freight of chemicals, feed, fertilizer, fuel, seeds, plants, supplies, equipment parts, and other inputs as determined by FSA. Insular area means the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico... America, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealths of Puerto Rico and the Northern Mariana Islands, and...

7 CFR 755.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... freight, ocean freight, and land freight of chemicals, feed, fertilizer, fuel, seeds, plants, supplies, equipment parts, and other inputs as determined by FSA. Insular area means the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico... America, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealths of Puerto Rico and the Northern Mariana Islands, and...

7 CFR 755.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... freight, ocean freight, and land freight of chemicals, feed, fertilizer, fuel, seeds, plants, supplies, equipment parts, and other inputs as determined by FSA. Insular area means the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico... America, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealths of Puerto Rico and the Northern Mariana Islands, and...

Intermodal Freight Technology Working Group asset tracking and "freight information highway" field operational test evaluation : final report executive summary

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-09-01

In January 2001, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) released a solicitation requesting "Cost Sharing Cooperative Agreements" to conduct operational tests to improve efficiencies in the intermodal freight operations and to establish the foundat...

49 CFR 215.11 - Designated inspectors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS General § 215.11 Designated inspectors. (a) Each railroad that operates railroad freight cars to which this part applies shall designate persons qualified to inspect railroad freight cars for compliance with this part and to make the determinations...

49 CFR 215.11 - Designated inspectors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS General § 215.11 Designated inspectors. (a) Each railroad that operates railroad freight cars to which this part applies shall designate persons qualified to inspect railroad freight cars for compliance with this part and to make the determinations...

49 CFR 215.11 - Designated inspectors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS General § 215.11 Designated inspectors. (a) Each railroad that operates railroad freight cars to which this part applies shall designate persons qualified to inspect railroad freight cars for compliance with this part and to make the determinations...

49 CFR 215.11 - Designated inspectors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS General § 215.11 Designated inspectors. (a) Each railroad that operates railroad freight cars to which this part applies shall designate persons qualified to inspect railroad freight cars for compliance with this part and to make the determinations...

49 CFR 215.11 - Designated inspectors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS General § 215.11 Designated inspectors. (a) Each railroad that operates railroad freight cars to which this part applies shall designate persons qualified to inspect railroad freight cars for compliance with this part and to make the determinations...

78 FR 8686 - Establishment of the National Freight Network

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-06

... Network AGENCY: Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), DOT. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This notice defines the planned process for the designation of the national freight network as required by Section 1115 of... the initial designation of the primary freight network, the designation of additional miles critical...

49 CFR 1248.4 - Originating and connecting line traffic.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... TRANSPORTATION BOARD, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) ACCOUNTS, RECORDS AND REPORTS FREIGHT COMMODITY STATISTICS § 1248.4 Originating and connecting line traffic. (a) Revenue freight reported as received from... or indirectly, so far as apparent from information on the waybills or abstracts. (b) Revenue freight...

49 CFR 1248.4 - Originating and connecting line traffic.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... TRANSPORTATION BOARD, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) ACCOUNTS, RECORDS AND REPORTS FREIGHT COMMODITY STATISTICS § 1248.4 Originating and connecting line traffic. (a) Revenue freight reported as received from... or indirectly, so far as apparent from information on the waybills or abstracts. (b) Revenue freight...

49 CFR 1248.4 - Originating and connecting line traffic.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... TRANSPORTATION BOARD, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) ACCOUNTS, RECORDS AND REPORTS FREIGHT COMMODITY STATISTICS § 1248.4 Originating and connecting line traffic. (a) Revenue freight reported as received from... or indirectly, so far as apparent from information on the waybills or abstracts. (b) Revenue freight...

49 CFR 1248.4 - Originating and connecting line traffic.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... TRANSPORTATION BOARD, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) ACCOUNTS, RECORDS AND REPORTS FREIGHT COMMODITY STATISTICS § 1248.4 Originating and connecting line traffic. (a) Revenue freight reported as received from... or indirectly, so far as apparent from information on the waybills or abstracts. (b) Revenue freight...

49 CFR 1248.4 - Originating and connecting line traffic.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... TRANSPORTATION BOARD, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) ACCOUNTS, RECORDS AND REPORTS FREIGHT COMMODITY STATISTICS § 1248.4 Originating and connecting line traffic. (a) Revenue freight reported as received from... or indirectly, so far as apparent from information on the waybills or abstracts. (b) Revenue freight...

Washington State freight truck origin and destination study : methods, procedures, and data dictionary

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1994-12-01

The Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT)initiated a state-wide freight truck origin and destination study in April of 1993. A region-wide freight truck origin and destination study was first proposed in Washington as an element of th...

Methods for forecasting freight in uncertainty : time series analysis of multiple factors.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-01-31

The main goal of this research was to analyze and more accurately model freight movement in : Alabama. Ultimately, the goal of this project was to provide an overall approach to the : integration of accurate freight models into transportation plans a...

WSDOT intermodal data linkages : freight ITS operational test evaluation final report. Part 2, freight ITS traffic data evaluation

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-01-01

In mid-1999, in response to the U.S. Department of Transportation's request for participation in the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Intermodal Freight Field Operational Test (FOT) Program, the Washington State Department of Transportation (...

Assessment of multimodal freight bottlenecks and alleviation strategies for upper Midwest region.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-05-01

The freight that passes through the Mississippi Valley Region is high volume and has a substantial impact on the economy of the : region. According to the BTS-sponsored Commodity Flow Survey, trucks carried almost 2.5 billion tons of freight across t...

Midwest FreightView and the Great Lakes Maritime Information Delivery System : a resource for the regional analysis of intermodal freight flows.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-03-01

Midwest FreightView and the Great Lakes Maritime Information Delivery System is a comprehensive data repository and information : clearinghouse in support of Great Lakes maritime commerce. This multifunctional resource integrated in a geographic info...

Issues and Dimensions of Freight Car Size: A Compendium

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1980-10-01

An investigation is made into the effects of the size, weight, and length of freight cars on the safety and efficiency of U.S. rail transportation. A review is made of the historical and present population and usage of the U.S. freight car fleet. Dis...

Freight railroad regulation : Surface Transportation Board's oversight could benefit from evidence better identifying how mergers affect rates

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-07-01

Railroads have been a primary mode of freight transportation for many years, especially for bulk commodities such as coal and grain. Over the last 25 years, the freight railroad industry has undergone substantial consolidation. Since 1994, just prior...

Freight movement, port facilities, and economic competitiveness - supplemental task: county-to-county freight movement (national and state level) : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-04-01

While commodity movement data is available from several sources, notably from the U.S. : Department of Transportations Freight Analysis Framework (FAF), origins and destinations are heavily : spatially aggregated into FAF zones, which comprise mul...

Assembling and processing freight shipment data : developing a GIS-based origin-destination matrix for Southern California freight flows

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-06-30

Freight movements within large metropolitan areas are much less studied and analyzed than personal travel. This casts doubt on the results of much conventional travel demand modeling and planning. With so much traffic overlooked, how plausible are th...

75 FR 38128 - Ceva Freight, LLC, Dell Logistics Division, Including On-Site Leased Workers From Prologistix and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-01

... Logistics Division, Including On-Site Leased Workers From Prologistix and Employment Staffing Solutions... 19, 2010, applicable to workers of CEVA Freight, LLC, Dell Logistics Division, including on-site..., North Carolina location of CEVA Freight, LLC, Dell Logistics Division. The Department has determined...

Atlanta Rail Yard Study: Evaluation of local-scale air pollution trends using stationary and mobile monitoring

EPA Science Inventory

Intermodal rail yards are important nodes in the freight transportation network, where freight is organized and moved from one mode of transport to another, critical equipment is serviced, and freight is routed to its next destination. Rail yard environments are also areas with ...

76 FR 67730 - Ocean Transportation Intermediary License Applicants

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-02

... Type: New OFF License LF Freight USA LLC dba LF Logistics dba LF Freight dba IDS Logistics USA, dba IDS Freight Services, dba AGI Logistics USA, dba AGI Logistics, 230-59 International Airport Center Blvd., 270... Individual), Caetano R. Lopes, Vice President, Application Type: Add NVO Service Eztrans Logistics Ltd. (NVO...

Freight Mobility Issues and Recommendation for the 1997 Baltimore Regional Transportation Plan: Report of the Transportation Steering Committee's Freight Movement Task Force

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-09-01

This report provides an overview of the freight movement system within the Baltimore region, with an emphasis on intermodal facilities, identifies key long-range issues, and proposes investments and actions for inclusion in the 1997 Baltimore Regiona...

U28 : longer combination vehicle's impact on improving operational efficiency, freight flows and traffic congestion.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-12-01

Longer Combination Vehicles (LCVs) are able to carry more freight than conventional single trailer trucks. As a result, these trucks can increase efficiencies and benefits for freight movements as less fuel and less labor is used per ton of cargo. Ho...

78 FR 54720 - Registration and Financial Security Requirements for Brokers of Property and Freight Forwarders

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-05

... Financial Security Requirements for Brokers of Property and Freight Forwarders AGENCY: Federal Motor Carrier... security requirements applicable to property brokers and created new requirements for freight forwarders...., Washington, DC 20590- 0001, (202) 385-2367/2405 regarding financial security requirements or Kenneth Rodgers...

22 CFR 211.4 - Availability and shipment of commodities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

.... (d) Payment or reimbursement of ocean freight costs. When A.I.D. contracts for ocean carriage... chapter) for ocean freight authorized by the United States upon presentation to AID/W of proof of payment to the ocean carrier. However, freight prepaid bills of lading which indicate firm incurrence of...

22 CFR 211.4 - Availability and shipment of commodities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

.... (d) Payment or reimbursement of ocean freight costs. When A.I.D. contracts for ocean carriage... chapter) for ocean freight authorized by the United States upon presentation to AID/W of proof of payment to the ocean carrier. However, freight prepaid bills of lading which indicate firm incurrence of...

49 CFR 172.301 - General marking requirements for non-bulk packagings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... contents of the rail car, truck or freight container are shipped from one consignor to one consignee. (e...-bulk packages. A transport vehicle or freight container containing only a single hazardous material in...) The transport vehicle or freight container contains no other material, hazardous or otherwise; and (v...

22 CFR 211.4 - Availability and shipment of commodities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

.... (d) Payment or reimbursement of ocean freight costs. When A.I.D. contracts for ocean carriage... chapter) for ocean freight authorized by the United States upon presentation to AID/W of proof of payment to the ocean carrier. However, freight prepaid bills of lading which indicate firm incurrence of...

49 CFR 172.301 - General marking requirements for non-bulk packagings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... contents of the rail car, truck or freight container are shipped from one consignor to one consignee. (e...-bulk packages. A transport vehicle or freight container containing only a single hazardous material in...) The transport vehicle or freight container contains no other material, hazardous or otherwise; and (v...

Collision of Amtrak passenger train and Norfolk Southern freight train : November 30, 2007, Chicago, Illinois.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-10-01

On November 30, 2007, an Amtrak passenger train travelling at approximately 33 mph collided with the rear of a standing freight train in Chicago, Illinois. The locomotive of the passenger train overrode the rear car of the freight train and came to r...

From the ground up: aligning state freight plans to enhance state collaboration and establish regional and national harmonization of freight priorities.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-08-01

This project reviews MAFC state freight plans and current planning efforts and provides a catalogue of state practices, data and analysis techniques, stakeholder involvement and other planning elements. The project also identifies where states share ...

The development of a model and decision support system to use in forecasting truck freight flow in the continental United States

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-01-01

This research develops a regression-based model for forecasting truck borne freight in the continental United States. This model is capable of predicting freight commodity flow information via trucks to assist transportation planners who wish to unde...

Exposure-response relationships for annoyance due to freight and passenger railway vibration exposure in residential environments.

PubMed

Sharp, Calum; Woodcock, James; Sica, Gennaro; Peris, Eulalia; Moorhouse, Andrew T; Waddington, David C

2014-01-01

In this work, exposure-response relationships for annoyance due to freight and passenger railway vibration exposure in residential environments are developed, so as to better understand the differences in human response to these two sources of environmental vibration. Data for this research come from a field study comprising interviews with respondents and measurements of their vibration exposure (N = 752). A logistic regression model is able to accurately classify 96% of these measured railway vibration signals as freight or passenger based on two signal properties that quantify the duration and low frequency content of each signal. Exposure-response relationships are then determined using ordinal probit modeling with fixed thresholds. The results indicate that people are able to distinguish between freight and passenger railway vibration, and that the annoyance response due to freight railway vibration is significantly higher than that due to passenger railway vibration, even for equal levels of exposure. In terms of a community tolerance level, the population studied is 15 dB (re 10(-6) m s(-2)) more tolerant to passenger railway vibration than freight railway vibration. These results have implications for the expansion of freight traffic on rail, or for policies to promote passenger railway.

Reforming the road freight transportation system using systems thinking: An investigation of Coronial inquests in Australia.

PubMed

Newnam, Sharon; Goode, Natassia; Salmon, Paul; Stevenson, Mark

2017-04-01

Road freight transport is considered to be one of the most dangerous industries in Australia, accounting for over 30% of all work fatalities. Whilst system reform (i.e., change to policy and practice) is needed, it is not clear what this reform should be, or what approaches should be used to drive it. This article argues that road freight transportation reform should be underpinned by a systems thinking approach. Efforts to understand crash causation should be focused beyond the driver and identify contributing factors at other levels with the road freight system. Accordingly, we present the findings from a study that examined whether Australian Coronial investigations into road freight crashes reflect support appropriate system reform. Content analysis was used to identify the contributing factors and interrelations implicated in the road freight crashes described in publicly available Australian Coroner's inquest reports from the last 10 years (2004-2014; n=21). The results found evidence to suggest that the Coronial inquests provide some understanding of the complex system of factors influencing road freight transportation crashes in Australia. However, there was a lack of evidence to suggest an understanding of system-based reform based on the identification of reductionist-focused recommendations. It is concluded that researchers and practitioners (ie., government and industry) need to work together to develop prevention efforts focused on system reforms. Systems thinking based data collection and analysis frameworks are urgently required to help develop this understanding in road freight transportation. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Freight transportation : national policy and strategies can help improve freight mobility : report to the ranking member, Committee on Environment and Public Works, U.S. Senate

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-01-01

Continued development and efficient performance of the nations freight transportation system is vital to maintaining a strong U.S. economy and sustaining the nations competitive position in the global economy. Yet, increasing congestion on the ...

76 FR 27366 - CEVA Freight, LLC, Dell Logistics Division, Including On-Site Leased Workers From Prologistix...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-11

... Logistics Division, Including On-Site Leased Workers From Prologistix, Including Workers Whose Unemployment..., applicable to workers of CEVA Freight, LLC, Dell Logistics Division, including on-site leased workers from... workers employed at CEVA Freight, LLC, Dell Logistics Division, Winston-Salem, North Carolina who were...

76 FR 50123 - Drawbridge Operation Regulations; Hackensack River, Jersey City, NJ

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-12

... temporary deviation from the regulation governing the operation of the Hack Freight Bridge, mile 3.1, across...-9826. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Hack Freight Bridge, across the Hackensack River at mile 3.1 has a... to provide openings. Under this temporary deviation the Hack Freight Bridge, mile 3.1, across the...

49 CFR 215.13 - Pre-departure inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS General § 215.13 Pre-departure inspection. (a) At each location where a freight car is placed in a train, the freight car shall be inspected before the train departs. This inspection may be made before or after the car is placed in the train. (b...

49 CFR 215.13 - Pre-departure inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS General § 215.13 Pre-departure inspection. (a) At each location where a freight car is placed in a train, the freight car shall be inspected before the train departs. This inspection may be made before or after the car is placed in the train. (b...

49 CFR 215.13 - Pre-departure inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS General § 215.13 Pre-departure inspection. (a) At each location where a freight car is placed in a train, the freight car shall be inspected before the train departs. This inspection may be made before or after the car is placed in the train. (b...

49 CFR 215.5 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS General § 215.5 Definitions. As used in this part: (a) Break... significantly diminish the strength of the member are not considered to be “cracked”; (c) Railroad freight car means a car designed to carry freight, or railroad personnel, by rail and includes a: (1) Box car; (2...

49 CFR 215.5 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS General § 215.5 Definitions. As used in this part: (a) Break... significantly diminish the strength of the member are not considered to be “cracked”; (c) Railroad freight car means a car designed to carry freight, or railroad personnel, by rail and includes a: (1) Box car; (2...

77 FR 4396 - Petition for Waiver of Compliance

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-27

... from the Railroad Freight Car Safety Standards, 49 CFR 215.303, which requires stenciling on restricted freight cars, for 13 freight cars. The list of these 13 cars is contained in the Exhibit A of the petition... compliance from certain provisions of the Federal railroad safety regulations contained at 49 CFR Part 215...

49 CFR 215.13 - Pre-departure inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS General § 215.13 Pre-departure inspection. (a) At each location where a freight car is placed in a train, the freight car shall be inspected before the train departs. This inspection may be made before or after the car is placed in the train. (b...

49 CFR 215.5 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS General § 215.5 Definitions. As used in this part: (a) Break... significantly diminish the strength of the member are not considered to be “cracked”; (c) Railroad freight car means a car designed to carry freight, or railroad personnel, by rail and includes a: (1) Box car; (2...

49 CFR 215.13 - Pre-departure inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS General § 215.13 Pre-departure inspection. (a) At each location where a freight car is placed in a train, the freight car shall be inspected before the train departs. This inspection may be made before or after the car is placed in the train. (b...

49 CFR 215.5 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR SAFETY STANDARDS General § 215.5 Definitions. As used in this part: (a) Break... significantly diminish the strength of the member are not considered to be “cracked”; (c) Railroad freight car means a car designed to carry freight, or railroad personnel, by rail and includes a: (1) Box car; (2...

19 CFR 351.515 - Internal transport and freight charges for export shipments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... shipments. 351.515 Section 351.515 Customs Duties INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE... Internal transport and freight charges for export shipments. (a) Benefit—(1) In general. In the case of internal transport and freight charges on export shipments, a benefit exists to the extent that the charges...

49 CFR 231.31 - Drawbars for freight cars; standard height.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Drawbars for freight cars; standard height. 231.31... cars; standard height. (a) Except on cars specified in paragraph (b) of this section— (1) On standard gage (561/2-inch gage) railroads, the maximum height of drawbars for freight cars (measured...

49 CFR 231.31 - Drawbars for freight cars; standard height.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Drawbars for freight cars; standard height. 231.31... cars; standard height. (a) Except on cars specified in paragraph (b) of this section— (1) On standard gage (561/2-inch gage) railroads, the maximum height of drawbars for freight cars (measured...

49 CFR 231.31 - Drawbars for freight cars; standard height.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Drawbars for freight cars; standard height. 231.31... cars; standard height. (a) Except on cars specified in paragraph (b) of this section— (1) On standard gage (561/2-inch gage) railroads, the maximum height of drawbars for freight cars (measured...

49 CFR 231.31 - Drawbars for freight cars; standard height.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Drawbars for freight cars; standard height. 231.31... cars; standard height. (a) Except on cars specified in paragraph (b) of this section— (1) On standard gage (561/2-inch gage) railroads, the maximum height of drawbars for freight cars (measured...

49 CFR 231.31 - Drawbars for freight cars; standard height.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Drawbars for freight cars; standard height. 231.31... cars; standard height. (a) Except on cars specified in paragraph (b) of this section— (1) On standard gage (561/2-inch gage) railroads, the maximum height of drawbars for freight cars (measured...

49 CFR 173.9 - Transport vehicles or freight containers containing lading which has been fumigated.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Transport vehicles or freight containers... MATERIALS REGULATIONS SHIPPERS-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SHIPMENTS AND PACKAGINGS General § 173.9 Transport... hazardous material. (b) No person may offer for transportation or transport a rail car, freight container...

49 CFR 174.85 - Position in train of placarded cars, transport vehicles, freight containers, and bulk packagings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Position in train of placarded cars, transport... TRANSPORTATION HAZARDOUS MATERIALS REGULATIONS CARRIAGE BY RAIL Handling of Placarded Rail Cars, Transport Vehicles and Freight Containers § 174.85 Position in train of placarded cars, transport vehicles, freight...

49 CFR 172.301 - General marking requirements for non-bulk packagings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... container load, and the entire contents of the rail car, truck or freight container are shipped from one... quantities of a single hazardous material in non-bulk packages. A transport vehicle or freight container... loaded at one loading facility; (iv) The transport vehicle or freight container contains no other...

49 CFR 172.301 - General marking requirements for non-bulk packagings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... container load, and the entire contents of the rail car, truck or freight container are shipped from one... quantities of a single hazardous material in non-bulk packages. A transport vehicle or freight container... loaded at one loading facility; (iv) The transport vehicle or freight container contains no other...

48 CFR 52.247-59 - F.o.b. Origin-Carload and Truckload Shipments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

.... origin contracts with shipments in carloads or truckloads. This will facilitate realistic freight cost... weight that will result in the lowest freight rate (or per car charge) on file or published in common... highest applicable minimum weight that will result in the lowest possible freight rate (or per car charge...

48 CFR 52.247-59 - F.o.b. Origin-Carload and Truckload Shipments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

.... origin contracts with shipments in carloads or truckloads. This will facilitate realistic freight cost... weight that will result in the lowest freight rate (or per car charge) on file or published in common... highest applicable minimum weight that will result in the lowest possible freight rate (or per car charge...

48 CFR 52.247-59 - F.o.b. Origin-Carload and Truckload Shipments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

.... origin contracts with shipments in carloads or truckloads. This will facilitate realistic freight cost... weight that will result in the lowest freight rate (or per car charge) on file or published in common... highest applicable minimum weight that will result in the lowest possible freight rate (or per car charge...

49 CFR 176.172 - Structural serviceability of freight containers and vehicles carrying Class 1 (explosive...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... serviceability of freight containers and vehicles carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials on ships. (a) Except for... 49 Transportation 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Structural serviceability of freight containers and vehicles carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials on ships. 176.172 Section 176.172 Transportation...

49 CFR 176.172 - Structural serviceability of freight containers and vehicles carrying Class 1 (explosive...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... serviceability of freight containers and vehicles carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials on ships. (a) Except for... 49 Transportation 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Structural serviceability of freight containers and vehicles carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials on ships. 176.172 Section 176.172 Transportation...

48 CFR 47.207-7 - Liability and insurance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... liability for injury to persons or damage to property other than the freight being transported; (2) The contractor's liability for loss of and/or damage to the freight being transported; and (3) The amount of... damage to the freight being transported is not specified, the usual measure of liability as prescribed in...

49 CFR 176.172 - Structural serviceability of freight containers and vehicles carrying Class 1 (explosive...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... serviceability of freight containers and vehicles carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials on ships. (a) Except for... 49 Transportation 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Structural serviceability of freight containers and vehicles carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials on ships. 176.172 Section 176.172 Transportation...

49 CFR 172.301 - General marking requirements for non-bulk packagings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... container load, and the entire contents of the rail car, truck or freight container are shipped from one... or freight container containing only a single hazardous material in non-bulk packages must be marked... hazardous material is loaded at one loading facility; (iv) The transport vehicle or freight container...

48 CFR 47.207-7 - Liability and insurance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... liability for injury to persons or damage to property other than the freight being transported; (2) The contractor's liability for loss of and/or damage to the freight being transported; and (3) The amount of... damage to the freight being transported is not specified, the usual measure of liability as prescribed in...

48 CFR 47.207-7 - Liability and insurance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... liability for injury to persons or damage to property other than the freight being transported; (2) The contractor's liability for loss of and/or damage to the freight being transported; and (3) The amount of... damage to the freight being transported is not specified, the usual measure of liability as prescribed in...

48 CFR 52.247-59 - F.o.b. Origin-Carload and Truckload Shipments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

.... origin contracts with shipments in carloads or truckloads. This will facilitate realistic freight cost... weight that will result in the lowest freight rate (or per car charge) on file or published in common... highest applicable minimum weight that will result in the lowest possible freight rate (or per car charge...

48 CFR 47.207-7 - Liability and insurance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... liability for injury to persons or damage to property other than the freight being transported; (2) The contractor's liability for loss of and/or damage to the freight being transported; and (3) The amount of... damage to the freight being transported is not specified, the usual measure of liability as prescribed in...

48 CFR 47.207-7 - Liability and insurance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... liability for injury to persons or damage to property other than the freight being transported; (2) The contractor's liability for loss of and/or damage to the freight being transported; and (3) The amount of... damage to the freight being transported is not specified, the usual measure of liability as prescribed in...

14 CFR Sec. 19-5 - Air transport traffic and capacity elements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... passenger-miles CFD * 210 Revenue cargo tons enplaned CFD * 217 Enplaned freight M 219 Enplaned mail M 230 Revenue tons transported CFD * 237 Transported freight S 239 Transported mail S 240 Revenue ton-miles CFD * 241 Revenue ton-miles passenger CFD * 247 Revenue ton-miles freight CFD * 249 Revenue ton-miles mail...

14 CFR 298.61 - Reporting of traffic statistics.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... S 140 Revenue passenger-miles CFD* 210 Revenue cargo tons enplaned CFD* 217 Enplaned freight M 219 Enplaned mail M 230 Revenue tons transported CFD* 237 Transported freight S 239 Transported mail S 240 Revenue ton-miles CFD* 241 Revenue ton-miles passenger CFD* 247 Revenue ton-miles freight CFD* 249 Revenue...

14 CFR 298.61 - Reporting of traffic statistics.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... S 140 Revenue passenger-miles CFD* 210 Revenue cargo tons enplaned CFD* 217 Enplaned freight M 219 Enplaned mail M 230 Revenue tons transported CFD* 237 Transported freight S 239 Transported mail S 240 Revenue ton-miles CFD* 241 Revenue ton-miles passenger CFD* 247 Revenue ton-miles freight CFD* 249 Revenue...

14 CFR 19-5 - Air transport traffic and capacity elements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... passenger-miles CFD * 210 Revenue cargo tons enplaned CFD * 217 Enplaned freight M 219 Enplaned mail M 230 Revenue tons transported CFD * 237 Transported freight S 239 Transported mail S 240 Revenue ton-miles CFD * 241 Revenue ton-miles passenger CFD * 247 Revenue ton-miles freight CFD * 249 Revenue ton-miles mail...

14 CFR 298.61 - Reporting of traffic statistics.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... S 140 Revenue passenger-miles CFD* 210 Revenue cargo tons enplaned CFD* 217 Enplaned freight M 219 Enplaned mail M 230 Revenue tons transported CFD* 237 Transported freight S 239 Transported mail S 240 Revenue ton-miles CFD* 241 Revenue ton-miles passenger CFD* 247 Revenue ton-miles freight CFD* 249 Revenue...

14 CFR Sec. 19-5 - Air transport traffic and capacity elements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... passenger-miles CFD * 210 Revenue cargo tons enplaned CFD * 217 Enplaned freight M 219 Enplaned mail M 230 Revenue tons transported CFD * 237 Transported freight S 239 Transported mail S 240 Revenue ton-miles CFD * 241 Revenue ton-miles passenger CFD * 247 Revenue ton-miles freight CFD * 249 Revenue ton-miles mail...

49 CFR 1248.1 - Freight commodity statistics.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 9 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Freight commodity statistics. 1248.1 Section 1248... STATISTICS § 1248.1 Freight commodity statistics. All class I railroads, as described in § 1240.1 of this... statistics on the basis of the commodity codes named in § 1248.101. Carriers shall report quarterly on the...

48 CFR 52.247-10 - Net Weight-General Freight.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... weighmaster on a certified scale) from the gross weight of the vehicle (determined by having the loaded... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Net Weight-General Freight....247-10 Net Weight—General Freight. As prescribed in 47.207-4(a)(2), insert the following clause in...

49 CFR 174.85 - Position in train of placarded cars, transport vehicles, freight containers, and bulk packagings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Position in train of placarded cars, transport... TRANSPORTATION HAZARDOUS MATERIALS REGULATIONS CARRIAGE BY RAIL Handling of Placarded Rail Cars, Transport Vehicles and Freight Containers § 174.85 Position in train of placarded cars, transport vehicles, freight...

49 CFR 176.192 - Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Cargo handling equipment for freight containers...) Materials Handling Class 1 (explosive) Materials in Port § 176.192 Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials. (a) Except in an emergency, only cargo handling equipment...

49 CFR 176.192 - Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cargo handling equipment for freight containers...) Materials Handling Class 1 (explosive) Materials in Port § 176.192 Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials. (a) Except in an emergency, only cargo handling equipment...

49 CFR 176.192 - Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Cargo handling equipment for freight containers...) Materials Handling Class 1 (explosive) Materials in Port § 176.192 Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials. (a) Except in an emergency, only cargo handling equipment...

49 CFR 176.192 - Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Cargo handling equipment for freight containers...) Materials Handling Class 1 (explosive) Materials in Port § 176.192 Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials. (a) Except in an emergency, only cargo handling equipment...

49 CFR 176.192 - Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Cargo handling equipment for freight containers...) Materials Handling Class 1 (explosive) Materials in Port § 176.192 Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials. (a) Except in an emergency, only cargo handling equipment...

Infrastructure management : Project A : developing a framework for prioritizing infrastructure improvements on critical freight corridors; Project B : developing a market based framework for freight infrastructure management.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-12-01

Fully operational highways are necessary for efficient freight movements by the trucking industry. Yet, the combination of limited funding and aging infrastructure creates a grim scenario for states, which are dependent upon the economic benefits of ...

49 CFR 1248.1 - Freight commodity statistics.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Freight commodity statistics. 1248.1 Section 1248... STATISTICS § 1248.1 Freight commodity statistics. All class I railroads, as described in § 1240.1 of this... statistics on the basis of the commodity codes named in § 1248.101. Carriers shall report quarterly on the...

Case study: Use of isothiazolinone and nitro-morpholine biocides to control microbial contamination in diesel and gasoline storage and distribution systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chesneau, H.L.; Passman, F.J.; Daniels, D.

1995-05-01

Responding to feed-back from its retail outlet network, a major, vertically integrated petroleum company undertook to diagnose and remediate diesel and gasoline performance problems. Analysis of samples from tanks at refinery, distribution terminal and retail outlet sites established that uncontrolled microbial contamination was rampant throughout the distribution system. The company then developed and instituted a two-phase action plan. During Phase I, all tanks received corrective (shock) biocide treatment preceding mechanical tank cleaning and fuel polishing. An ongoing Phase II program currently includes routine sampling and analysis combined with periodic preventive biocide treatment. This paper describes the initial problem diagnosis, correctivemore » action plan and preventive program; recommending the Phase II program as a model for all companies involved with refining, distribution or retailing gasoline.« less

Diesel engine catalytic combustor system. [aircraft engines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ream, L. W. (Inventor)

1984-01-01

A low compression turbocharged diesel engine is provided in which the turbocharger can be operated independently of the engine to power auxiliary equipment. Fuel and air are burned in a catalytic combustor to drive the turbine wheel of turbine section which is initially caused to rotate by starter motor. By opening a flapper value, compressed air from the blower section is directed to catalytic combustor when it is heated and expanded, serving to drive the turbine wheel and also to heat the catalytic element. To start, engine valve is closed, combustion is terminated in catalytic combustor, and the valve is then opened to utilize air from the blower for the air driven motor. When the engine starts, the constituents in its exhaust gas react in the catalytic element and the heat generated provides additional energy for the turbine section.

Electrochemistry for biofuel generation: transformation of fatty acids and triglycerides to diesel-like olefin/ether mixtures and olefins.

PubMed

dos Santos, Tatiane R; Harnisch, Falk; Nilges, Peter; Schröder, Uwe

2015-03-01

Electroorganic synthesis can be exploited for the production of biofuels from fatty acids and triglycerides. With Coulomb efficiencies (CE) of up to 50 %, the electrochemical decarboxylation of fatty acids in methanolic and ethanolic solutions leads to the formation of diesel-like olefin/ether mixtures. Triglycerides can be directly converted in aqueous solutions by using sonoelectrochemistry, with olefins as the main products (with a CE of more than 20 %). The latter reaction, however, is terminated at around 50 % substrate conversion by the produced side-product glycerol. An energy analysis shows that the electrochemical olefin synthesis can be an energetically competitive, sustainable, and--in comparison with established processes--economically feasible alternative for the exploitation of fats and oils for biofuel production. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Stability of athlete blood passport parameters during air freight.

PubMed

Ashenden, M; Sharpe, K; Plowman, J; Allbon, G; Lobigs, L; Baron, A; Gore, C J

2014-10-01

Fluctuations in ambient temperature and pressure, as well as physical jostling, may affect the stability of whole blood samples transported by air freight. The aim of this study was to characterize the stability of key blood variables during air freight and to investigate whether vibration or reduced pressure alone affected results. Over a 72-h interval, we evaluated the stability of full blood count indices (plus reticulocytes) in tubes that were air-freighted a total of 2, 10 and 28 h. We also examined the impact of 24 h of reduced atmospheric pressure (750 hpa or approximately 2500 m.a.s.l) and vibration (5 Hz). Samples were measured on a Sysmex XT-2000i instrument. The two key variables in the context of antidoping (haemoglobin concentration, reticulocytes) remained stable over a 72-h period regardless of the duration of air freight. Atmospheric pressure and vibration had no discernible effect. Whole blood samples stored in NanoCool devices can be relied upon to remain stable for at least 72 h despite interim air freight. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Changes and variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in fish, barnacles and crabs following an oil spill in a mangrove of Guanabara Bay, Southeast Brazil.

PubMed

Soares-Gomes, Abílio; Neves, Roberta L; Aucélio, Ricardo; Van Der Ven, Paulo H; Pitombo, Fábio B; Mendes, Carla L T; Ziolli, Roberta L

2010-08-01

On April 26th, 2005, an accident caused a leak of 60,000L of Diesel Oil Type "B", freighted by train wagons upstream on a mangrove area within Guanabara Bay, Southeast Brazil. After the accident, samples from animals with different biological requirements were collected in order to monitor polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons concentrations for the following 12months. Sessile, mobile, carnivorous, omnivorous, organic detritus feeders, planktivorous and suspension feeders were some of the attributes compared. Concentrations of PAHs did not vary in relation to different dietary habits and the best response was from the sessile suspensivorous barnacles. A background level of <50microgkg(-1) was suggested based on the reference site and on values observed in the following months after the accident. The highest values of PAH concentrations were observed in barnacles in the first month immediately after the spill, decreasing to background levels after few months. Barnacles are suggested as a sentinel species. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Railroad bridges and tunnels : federal role in providing safety oversight and freight infrastructure investment could be better targeted : report to Congressional requesters

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-08-01

Freight railroads account for over 40 percent (by weight) of the nations freight on a privately owned network that was largely built almost 100 years ago and includes over 76,000 railroad bridges and over 800 tunnels. As requested, the U.S Governm...

Characterization of the near-source population around five candidate ports on the Eastern Seaboard and Gulf Coast using a multi-modal freight transport perspective

EPA Science Inventory

Many ports are currently preparing for increased freight traffic, which may result in elevated local air pollution in areas near the port and freight transportation corridors. In this study, a geographical information system (GIS) analysis of areas surrounding five ports – Port o...

Atlanta Rail Yard Study (ARYS): Evaluation of local-scale air pollution trends and emissions quantification using stationary and mobile monitoring strategies

EPA Science Inventory

Intermodal rail yards are important nodes in the freight transportation network, where freight is organized and moved from one mode of transport to another, critical equipment is serviced, and freight is routed to its next destination. Rail yard environments are also areas with ...

33 CFR 96.210 - Who does this subpart apply to?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... freight vessel, a freight vessel or a self-propelled mobile offshore drilling unit (MODU) of 500 gross... public vessel, which includes a U.S. vessel of the National Defense Reserve Fleet owned by the U.S... more, engaged on a foreign voyage. (2) On or after July 1, 2002, for other freight vessels and self...

33 CFR 96.210 - Who does this subpart apply to?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... freight vessel, a freight vessel or a self-propelled mobile offshore drilling unit (MODU) of 500 gross... public vessel, which includes a U.S. vessel of the National Defense Reserve Fleet owned by the U.S... more, engaged on a foreign voyage. (2) On or after July 1, 2002, for other freight vessels and self...

33 CFR 96.210 - Who does this subpart apply to?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... freight vessel, a freight vessel or a self-propelled mobile offshore drilling unit (MODU) of 500 gross... public vessel, which includes a U.S. vessel of the National Defense Reserve Fleet owned by the U.S... more, engaged on a foreign voyage. (2) On or after July 1, 2002, for other freight vessels and self...

33 CFR 96.210 - Who does this subpart apply to?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... freight vessel, a freight vessel or a self-propelled mobile offshore drilling unit (MODU) of 500 gross... public vessel, which includes a U.S. vessel of the National Defense Reserve Fleet owned by the U.S... more, engaged on a foreign voyage. (2) On or after July 1, 2002, for other freight vessels and self...

49 CFR 387.409 - Insurance and surety companies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., may be served in any proceeding at law or equity brought in any state in which the freight forwarder... (b) of this section. (d) In the Province or Territory of Canada in which a Canadian freight forwarder..., may be served in any proceeding at law or equity brought in any State in which the freight forwarder...

8. Freight Warehouse, looking east into the east section. Projecting ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

8. Freight Warehouse, looking east into the east section. Projecting into the warehouse space are: (a) A loading dock with slatted walls (b) An office space above it and (c) A toilet and utility area. (b) and (c) are accessed through the Ticket Office. - Curtis Wharf, Freight Warehouse, O & Second Streets, Anacortes, Skagit County, WA

48 CFR 470.202 - Acquisition of commodities for United States Agency for International Development (USAID) programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... to foreign destinations and related freight to transport such commodities under Title II of Public... respect to a commodity procurement or a freight procurement will specify that in the event an offer... offer if the acceptance of another offer for the commodity or freight, when combined with other offers...

49 CFR Appendix B to Part 1580 - Summary of the Applicability of Part 1580

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... section Freight railroad carriers NOT transporting specified hazardous materials Freight railroad carriers transporting specified hazardous materials (§ 1580.100(b)) Rail operations at certain facilities that ship (i.e...) Allow TSA to inspect (§ 1580.5) X X X X X X Appoint rail security coordinator (§ 1580.101 freight...

49 CFR Appendix B to Part 1580 - Summary of the Applicability of Part 1580

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... section Freight railroad carriers NOT transporting specified hazardous materials Freight railroad carriers transporting specified hazardous materials (§ 1580.100(b)) Rail operations at certain facilities that ship (i.e...) Allow TSA to inspect (§ 1580.5) X X X X X X Appoint rail security coordinator (§ 1580.101 freight...

48 CFR 470.202 - Acquisition of commodities for United States Agency for International Development (USAID) programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... to foreign destinations and related freight to transport such commodities under Title II of Public... respect to a commodity procurement or a freight procurement will specify that in the event an offer... offer if the acceptance of another offer for the commodity or freight, when combined with other offers...

48 CFR 752.247-70 - Preference for privately owned U.S.-flag commercial vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., depending on current compliance with Cargo Preference requirements. If freight under the contract is fixed... commodity. (viii) Gross weight in pounds and cubic feet if available. (ix) Total ocean freight revenue in U.S. dollars. Alternate I (d) If freight is fixed on a U.S. flag vessel, except as provided in...