Processus ultra-rapides associés à la dynamique d'émission de la protéine GFP

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Didier, P.; Guidoni, L.; Schwalbach, G.; Bigot, J.-Y.

2002-06-01

La protéine GFP (Green Fluorescent Protein) est un marqueur très efficace, utilisable en milieu vivant. La spectroscopie femtoseconde est particulièrement bien adaptée pour comprendre les mécanismes d'émission de cette protéine, étant donné la rapidité des processus de transfert mis en jeu. Nous-présentons des résultats sur la dynamique spectro-temporelle d'émission du mutant GFPuv résolue à l'échelle de la centaine de femtosecondes. Une transition Raman à 3300 cm^{-1} ainsi que la dynamique d'etablissement du gain avec un temps caractéristique d'environ 1.5 ps ont été mis en évidence.

Alcohol and Other Chemicals. Adolescent Alcoholism: Recognizing, Intervening, and Treating Series No. 6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gougelet, Robert M.; Nelson, E. Don

This document is one of seven publications contained in a series of materials for physicians on recognizing, intervening with, and treating adolescent alcoholism. The materials in this unit of study are designed to help the physician know the different classes of drugs, recognize common presenting symptoms of drug overdose, and place use and abuse…

Simple maneuvers to reduce the incidence of false-negative findings for contralateral patent processus vaginalis during laparoscopic hernia repair in children: a comparative study between 2 cohorts.

PubMed

Tam, Yuk Him; Wong, Yuen Shan; Chan, Kin Wai; Pang, Kristine Kit Yi; Tsui, Siu Yan; Mou, Jennifer Wai Cheung; Sihoe, Jennifer Dart Yin; Lee, Kim Hung

2013-04-01

Transumbilical or transinguinal laparoscopic evaluation for contralateral patent processus vaginalis (CPPV) is commonly performed during laparoscopic or open hernia repair in children but may occasionally give false-negative findings. A retrospective study was conducted to compare 2 cohorts of children who underwent laparoscopic repair for clinically demonstrated unilateral inguinal hernia and evaluation for CPPV by transumbilical laparoscopy during the study periods of 2004 to 2007 (cohort 1) and 2008 to 2011 (cohort 2). Cohort 1 was a known historical cohort with CPPV being evaluated by laparoscopic inspection alone, whereas additional maneuvers were adopted in cohort 2. There were 395 and 564 patients in cohorts 1 and 2, respectively. There was no difference between the 2 cohorts in age of patients, sex distribution, laterality of clinically demonstrated inguinal hernia, and follow-up period at the time of data collection. More CPPV were diagnosed in cohort 2 than cohort 1(36.2% vs 25.8%; P < .01). 4 children (1.4%) developed metachronous inguinal hernia following negative laparoscopic evaluation for CPPV in cohort 1 compared with none from cohort 2 at a similar median follow-up period (P < .05). The additional maneuvers appear to be superior to laparoscopic inspection alone to evaluate CPPV during laparoscopic hernia repair in children. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Role of Self-Efficacy for Bystander Helping Behaviors in Risky Alcohol Situations

PubMed Central

Krieger, Heather; Serrano, Surizaday; Neighbors, Clayton

2017-01-01

We examined the role of self-efficacy in preventing bystander inaction in dangerous alcohol situations. Participants (N = 504) completed an online survey that assessed whether they had previously witnessed or intervened in alcohol-related emergencies, their self-efficacy for intervening, and their likelihood of intervening in the future. Previously intervening was positively associated with self-efficacy and likelihood of intervening in the future. Furthermore, self-efficacy mediated the association between previously intervening and likelihood of intervening in the future. In conclusion, self-efficacy for intervening in social situations is associated with intervening in alcohol-related emergencies and is an important factor to consider when designing bystander interventions. PMID:29097835

The Role of Self-Efficacy for Bystander Helping Behaviors in Risky Alcohol Situations.

PubMed

Krieger, Heather; Serrano, Surizaday; Neighbors, Clayton

2017-04-01

We examined the role of self-efficacy in preventing bystander inaction in dangerous alcohol situations. Participants (N = 504) completed an online survey that assessed whether they had previously witnessed or intervened in alcohol-related emergencies, their self-efficacy for intervening, and their likelihood of intervening in the future. Previously intervening was positively associated with self-efficacy and likelihood of intervening in the future. Furthermore, self-efficacy mediated the association between previously intervening and likelihood of intervening in the future. In conclusion, self-efficacy for intervening in social situations is associated with intervening in alcohol-related emergencies and is an important factor to consider when designing bystander interventions.

The effect of exposure to multiple lineups on face identification accuracy.

PubMed

Hinz, T; Pezdek, K

2001-04-01

This study examines the conditions under which an intervening lineup affects identification accuracy on a subsequent lineup. One hundred and sixty adults observed a photograph of one target individual for 60 s. One week later, they viewed an intervening target-absent lineup and were asked to identify the target individual. Two days later, participants were shown one of three 6-person lineups that included a different photograph of the target face (present or absent), a foil face from the intervening lineup (present or absent), plus additional foil faces. The hit rate was higher when the foil face from the intervening lineup was absent from the test lineup and the false alarm rate was greater when the target face was absent from the test lineup. The results suggest that simply being exposed to an innocent suspect in an intervening lineup, whether that innocent suspect is identified by the witness or not, increases the probability of misidentifying the innocent suspect and decreases the probability of correctly identifying the true perpetrator in a subsequent test lineup. The implications of these findings both for police lineup procedures and for the interpretation of lineup results in the courtroom are discussed.

The Role of Forgetting Rate in Producing a Benefit of Expanded over Equal Spaced Retrieval in Young and Older Adults

PubMed Central

Maddox, Geoffrey B.; Balota, David A.; Coane, Jennifer H.; Duchek, Janet M.

2011-01-01

The current study examined the effects of two manipulations on equal and expanded spaced retrieval schedules in young and older adults. First, we examined the role that the type of expansion (systematic vs. nonsystematic) has in producing a benefit of expanded retrieval. Second, we examined the influence of an immediate retrieval attempt to minimize forgetting after the original encoding event. It was predicted that including multiple retrieval attempts with minimal intervening spacing (best accomplished in a nonsystematic retrieval schedule) would be necessary to produce a benefit of expanded retrieval over equal spaced retrieval for older adults but not young adults due to age differences in working memory capacity. Results from two experiments revealed that the presence of an expanded over equal spaced retrieval benefit is modulated by the extent to which the spacing conditions minimize forgetting in the early retrieval attempts in the spaced conditions. As predicted, these conditions differ substantially across young and older adults. In particular, in older adults two intervening items between early retrieval attempts produce dramatic rates of forgetting compared to one intervening item, whereas younger adults can maintain performance up to five intervening events in comparable conditions. Discussion focuses on age differences in short term forgetting, working memory capacity, and the relation between forgetting rates and spaced retrieval schedules. PMID:21463056

Conditional rate derivation in the presence of intervening variables using a Markov chain.

PubMed

Shachtman, R H; Schoenfelder, J R; Hogue, C J

1982-01-01

When conducting inferential and epidemiologic studies, researchers are often interested in the distribution of time until the occurrence of some specified event, a form of incidence calculation. Furthermore, this interest often extends to the effects of intervening factors on this distribution. In this paper we impose the assumption that the phenomena being investigated are governed by a stationary Markov chain and review how one may estimate the above distribution. We then introduce and relate two different methods of investigating the effects of intervening factors. In particular, we show how an investigator may evaluate the effect of potential intervention programs. Finally, we demonstrate the proposed methodology using data from a population study.

LigaSure vessel sealing system in laparoscopic Palomo varicocele ligation in children and adolescents.

PubMed

Marte, Antonio; Sabatino, Maria Domenica; Borrelli, Micaela; Cautiero, Pasquale; Romano, Mercedes; Vessella, Antonio; Parmeggiani, Pio

2007-04-01

We review our experience with laparoscopic Palomo varicocele ligation using the LigaSure device in children and adolescents. Between June 2003 and December 2004, 25 varicoceles were treated by laparoscopic Palomo varicocele ligation using LigaSure vascular sealing. Patient ages ranged from 10 to 19 years (mean, 14.5 years). Indications for surgery included grade II-III varicocele or ipsilateral testicular hypotrophy. One patient was affected by recurrent contralateral inguinal hernia and 2 presented with an ipsilateral patent processus vaginalis. We placed a 5-mm umbilical port for access, and kept pneumoperitoneum below 15 mm Hg. Under laparoscopic guidance, two additional ports of 3 and 5 mm were inserted in the lower right and left quadrants, respectively. Once the vessels were isolated, the vascular sealant was applied 3-4 times to ensure coagulation of the spermatic vessels; the vessels were then divided with laparoscopic 5-mm scissors. Inguinal hernia and patent processus vaginalis were treated according to Schier's technique. All procedures were performed in our day surgery facility. Mean operative time was 18 minutes, which is significantly less than the time required in a similar group of 12 patients who underwent laparoscopic clip ligation. There were no perioperative complications. Eleven of 16 patients recovered testicular size. Two patients had postoperative hydrocele: the first was treated successfully with scrotal aspiration, while the other patient required scrotal hydrocelectomy. Laparoscopic Palomo varicocele sealing can be performed safely and rapidly and is highly successful in correcting varicoceles in young males. We also found it to be the ideal technique to correct the associated inguinal hernia or patent processus vaginalis.

The Black-Scholes option pricing problem in mathematical finance: generalization and extensions for a large class of stochastic processes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe; Sornette, Didier

1994-06-01

The ability to price risks and devise optimal investment strategies in thé présence of an uncertain "random" market is thé cornerstone of modern finance theory. We first consider thé simplest such problem of a so-called "European call option" initially solved by Black and Scholes using Ito stochastic calculus for markets modelled by a log-Brownien stochastic process. A simple and powerful formalism is presented which allows us to generalize thé analysis to a large class of stochastic processes, such as ARCH, jump or Lévy processes. We also address thé case of correlated Gaussian processes, which is shown to be a good description of three différent market indices (MATIF, CAC40, FTSE100). Our main result is thé introduction of thé concept of an optimal strategy in the sense of (functional) minimization of the risk with respect to the portfolio. If the risk may be made to vanish for particular continuous uncorrelated 'quasiGaussian' stochastic processes (including Black and Scholes model), this is no longer the case for more general stochastic processes. The value of the residual risk is obtained and suggests the concept of risk-corrected option prices. In the presence of very large deviations such as in Lévy processes, new criteria for rational fixing of the option prices are discussed. We also apply our method to other types of options, `Asian', `American', and discuss new possibilities (`doubledecker'...). The inclusion of transaction costs leads to the appearance of a natural characteristic trading time scale. L'aptitude à quantifier le coût du risque et à définir une stratégie optimale de gestion de portefeuille dans un marché aléatoire constitue la base de la théorie moderne de la finance. Nous considérons d'abord le problème le plus simple de ce type, à savoir celui de l'option d'achat `européenne', qui a été résolu par Black et Scholes à l'aide du calcul stochastique d'Ito appliqué aux marchés modélisés par un processus Log-Brownien. Nous présentons un formalisme simple et puissant qui permet de généraliser l'analyse à une grande classe de processus stochastiques, tels que les processus ARCH, de Lévy et ceux à sauts. Nous étudions également le cas des processus Gaussiens corrélés, dont nous montrons qu'ils donnent une bonne description de trois indices boursiers (MATIF, CAC40, FTSE100). Notre résultat principal consiste en l'introduction du concept de stratégie optimale dans le sens d'une minimisation (fonctionnelle) du risque en fonction du portefeuille d'actions. Si le risque peut être annulé pour les processus `quasi-Gaussien' non-corrélés, dont le modèle de Black et Scholes est un exemple, cela n'est plus vrai dans le cas général, le risque résiduel permettant de proposer des coûts d'options "corrigés". En présence de très grandes fluctuations du marché telles que décrites par les processus de Lévy, de nouveaux critères pour fixer rationnellement le prix des options sont nécessaires et sont discutés. Nous appliquons notre méthode à d'autres types d'options, telles que `asiatiques', `américaines', et à de nouvelles options que nous introduisons comme les `options à deux étages'... L'inclusion des frais de transaction dans le formalisme conduit à l'introduction naturelle d'un temps caractéristique de transaction.

Degree of Anger During Anger-Generating Situations Among Psychiatric Staff Nurses: Association Between Nurses' Attitudes Toward Service Users' Aggression and Confidence in Intervening in Aggressive Situations.

PubMed

Shimosato, Seiji; Kinoshita, Aimi

2018-04-17

Some situations require psychiatric staff nurses to respond to service users' negativity or aggression. As a result, psychiatric staff nurses may experience anger. The current study examined how anger levels of psychiatric staff nurses triggered by anger-generating situations by service users affected nurses' confidence and attitudes. A questionnaire survey was administered among 386 psychiatric staff nurses. The questionnaire surveyed anger levels in anger-generating situations, aggressiveness, nurses' attitudes toward aggression, and self-efficacy of intervening in aggressive situations. Path analysis revealed differences between male and female nurses. Male nurses' anger in response to physical aggression was mild when they were confident in handling aggression. Furthermore, female nurses who had high confidence in intervening in an aggressive situation had low anger levels. Confidence in intervening in aggressive situations appeared to dissipate anger and ease nurses during aggressive interactions. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx(x), xx-xx.]. Copyright 2018, SLACK Incorporated.

Staff Responses When Parents Hit Children in a Hospital Setting.

PubMed

Font, Sarah A; Gershoff, Elizabeth T; Taylor, Catherine A; Terreros, Amy; Nielsen-Parker, Monica; Spector, Lisa; Foster, Rebecca H; Budzak Garza, Ann; Olson-Dorff, Denyse

Physical punishment of children is a prevalent practice that is condemned by most medical professionals given its link with increased risk of child physical abuse and other adverse child outcomes. This study examined the prevalence of parent-to-child hitting in medical settings and the intervention behaviors of staff who witness it. Staff at a children's medical center and a general medical center completed a voluntary, anonymous survey. We used descriptive statistics to examine differences in the experiences of physicians, nurses, and other medical staff. We used logistic regression to predict intervention behaviors among staff who witnessed parent-to-child hitting. Of the hospital staff who completed the survey (N = 2863), we found that 50% of physicians, 24% of nurses, 27% of other direct care staff, and 17% of nondirect care staff witnessed parent-to-child hitting at their medical center in the past year. A majority of physicians, nurses, and other direct care staff reported intervening sometimes or always. Nondirect care staff rarely intervened. Believing staff have the responsibility to intervene, and having comfortable strategies with which to intervene were strongly predictive of intervention behavior. Staff who did not intervene commonly reported that they did not know how to respond. Many medical center staff witness parent-to-child hitting. Although some of the staff reported that they intervened when they witnessed this behavior, the findings indicate that staff may need training to identify when and how they should respond.

Staff Responses When Parents Hit Children in a Hospital Setting

PubMed Central

Font, Sarah A.; Gershoff, Elizabeth T.; Taylor, Catherine A.; Terreros, Amy; Nielsen-Parker, Monica; Spector, Lisa; Foster, Rebecca H.; Budzak Garza, Ann; Olson-Dorff, Denyse

2016-01-01

Objective Physical punishment of children is a prevalent practice that is condemned by most medical professionals given its link with increased risk of child physical abuse and other adverse child outcomes. This study examined the prevalence of parent-to-child hitting in medical settings and the intervention behaviors of staff who witness it. Method Staff at a children's medical center and a general medical center completed a voluntary, anonymous survey. We used descriptive statistics to examine differences in the experiences of physicians, nurses, and other medical staff. We used logistic regression to predict intervention behaviors among staff who witnessed parent-to-child hitting. Results Of the hospital staff who completed the survey (N=2,863), we found that 50% of physicians, 24% of nurses, 27% of other direct care staff, and 17% of non-direct care staff witnessed parent-to-child hitting at their medical center in the past year. A majority of physicians, nurses and other direct care staff reported intervening sometimes or always. Non-direct care staff rarely intervened. Believing staff have the responsibility to intervene and having comfortable strategies with which to intervene were strongly predictive of intervention behavior. Staff who did not intervene commonly reported that they did not know how to respond. Conclusion Many medical center staff witness parent-to-child hitting. Although some of the staff reported that they intervened when they witnessed this behavior, the findings indicate that staff may need training to identify when and how they should respond. PMID:27802257

Resilient memory for melodies: The number of intervening melodies does not influence novel melody recognition.

PubMed

Herff, Steffen A; Olsen, Kirk N; Dean, Roger T

2018-05-01

In many memory domains, a decrease in recognition performance between the first and second presentation of an object is observed as the number of intervening items increases. However, this effect is not universal. Within the auditory domain, this form of interference has been demonstrated in word and single-note recognition, but has yet to be substantiated using relatively complex musical material such as a melody. Indeed, it is becoming clear that music shows intriguing properties when it comes to memory. This study investigated how the number of intervening items influences memory for melodies. In Experiments 1, 2 and 3, one melody was presented per trial in a continuous recognition paradigm. After each melody, participants indicated whether they had heard the melody in the experiment before by responding "old" or "new." In Experiment 4, participants rated perceived familiarity for every melody without being told that melodies reoccur. In four experiments using two corpora of music, two different memory tasks, transposed and untransposed melodies and up to 195 intervening melodies, no sign of a disruptive effect from the number of intervening melodies beyond the first was observed. We propose a new "regenerative multiple representations" conjecture to explain why intervening items increase interference in recognition memory for most domains but not music. This conjecture makes several testable predictions and has the potential to strengthen our understanding of domain specificity in human memory, while moving one step closer to explaining the "paradox" that is memory for melody.

Lignes directrices sur la prise en charge en soins primaires des céphalées chez l’adulte

PubMed Central

Becker, Werner J.; Findlay, Ted; Moga, Carmen; Scott, N. Ann; Harstall, Christa; Taenzer, Paul

2015-01-01

Résumé Objectif Accroître l’utilisation d’approches éclairées par des données probantes pour diagnostiquer, investiguer et traiter en soins primaires les céphalées des patients. Qualité des données Une recherche documentaire exhaustive a été effectuée pour trouver des lignes directrices et des révisions systématiques publiées entre janvier 2000 et mai 2011. La grille d’évaluation de la qualité des recommandations pour la pratique clinique AGREE a servi à l’analyse critique des lignes directrices. Les 6 guides de pratique clinique de la plus grande qualité ont servi de base dans le processus d’adaptation. Message principal Un groupe d’élaboration multidisciplinaire de professionnels des soins primaires ont formulé 91 recommandations précises à l’aide d’un processus consensuel. Les recommandations portent sur le diagnostic, l’investigation et la prise en charge de la migraine, de la céphalée de tension, de la céphalée due à une surmédication et de la céphalée vasculaire de Horton. Conclusion Un guide de pratique clinique adapté au contexte des soins de santé au Canada a été produit en suivant un processus d’adaptation de lignes directrices dans le but d’aider les professionnels de toutes les disciplines des soins primaires à dispenser des soins éclairés par des données probantes aux patients souffrant de céphalées.

Tensions entre rationalité technique et intérêts politiques : l’exemple de la mise en œuvre de la Loi sur les agences de développement de réseaux locaux de services de santé et de services sociaux au Québec

PubMed Central

Contandriopoulos, D.; Hudon, Raymond; Martin, Elisabeth; Thompson, Daniel

2013-01-01

Sommaire L’objet de cet article est constitué par les processus décisionnels entourant la mise en œuvre de la Loi sur les agences de développement de réseaux locaux de services de santé et de services sociaux (Loi 25). Nous entendons mettre en lumière les stratégies des groupes ou institutions de diverses natures qui ont fait valoir leurs préférences et ont tenté, avec un succès inégal, d’influencer les décisions relatives à cette réforme majeure de la structure du système de santé québécois. Au plan théorique, nous nous appuyons principalement sur les modèles d’analyse du lobbying qui, depuis les travaux fondateurs de Milbrath (1960, 1963), présentent cette pratique comme un processus fondamental d’échange d’information. Selon les données colligées dans les retranscriptions d’entrevues, les stratégies observées correspondent effectivement aux caractéristiques constitutives du lobbying et, dans quelques situations, à celles du patronage. La combinaison de ces divers éléments révèle que la mise en œuvre de la Loi 25 s’avère être avant tout un processus proprement politique. Ainsi, furent relégués au second plan les arguments techniques qui composaient initialement les objectifs de la Loi. PMID:23509412

Identification d’une Classe de Processus de Poisson Filtres (Identification of a Class of Filtered Poisson Processes).

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-20

Poisson processes is introduced: the amplitude has a law which is spherically invariant and the filter is real, linear and causal. It is shown how such a model can be identified from experimental data. (Author)

Bystander motivation in bullying incidents: to intervene or not to intervene?

PubMed

Thornberg, Robert; Tenenbaum, Laura; Varjas, Kris; Meyers, Joel; Jungert, Tomas; Vanegas, Gina

2012-08-01

This research sought to extend knowledge about bystanders in bullying situations with a focus on the motivations that lead them to different responses. The 2 primary goals of this study were to investigate the reasons for children's decisions to help or not to help a victim when witnessing bullying, and to generate a grounded theory (or conceptual framework) of bystander motivation in bullying situations. Thirty students ranging in age from 9 to 15 years (M = 11.9; SD = 1.7) from an elementary and middle school in the southeastern United States participated in this study. Open- ended, semi-structured interviews were used, and sessions ranged from 30 to 45 minutes. We conducted qualitative methodology and analyses to gain an in-depth understanding of children's perspectives and concerns when witnessing bullying. A key finding was a conceptual framework of bystander motivation to intervene in bullying situations suggesting that deciding whether to help or not help the victim in a bullying situation depends on how bystanders define and evaluate the situation, the social context, and their own agency. Qualitative analysis revealed 5 themes related to bystander motives and included: interpretation of harm in the bullying situation, emotional reactions, social evaluating, moral evaluating, and intervention self-efficacy. Given the themes that emerged surrounding bystanders' motives to intervene or abstain from intervening, respondents reported 3 key elements that need to be confirmed in future research and that may have implications for future work on bullying prevention. These included: first, the potential importance of clear communication to children that adults expect bystanders to intervene when witnessing bullying; second, the potential of direct education about how bystanders can intervene to increase children's self-efficacy as defenders of those who are victims of bullying; and third, the assumption that it may be effective to encourage children's belief that bullying is morally wrong.

The Intervening Galaxies Hypothesis of the Absorption Spectra of Quasi-Stellar Objects: Some Statistical Studies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Duari, Debiprosad; Narlikar, Jayant V.

This paper examines, in the light of the available data, the hypothesis that the heavy element absorption line systems in the spectra of QSOs originate through en-route absorption by intervening galaxies, halos etc. Several statistical tests are applied in two different ways to compare the predictions of the intervening galaxies hypothesis (IGH) with actual observations. The database is taken from a recent 1991 compilation of absorption line systems by Junkkarinen, Hewitt and Burbidge. Although, prima facie, a considerable gap is found between the predictions of the intervening galaxies hypothesis and the actual observations despite inclusion of any effects of clustering and some likely selection effects, the gap narrows after invoking evolution in the number density of absorbers and allowing for the incompleteness and inhomogeneity of samples examined. On the latter count the gap might be bridgeable by stretching the parameters of the theory. It is concluded that although the intervening galaxies hypothesis is a possible natural explanation to account for the absorption line systems and may in fact do so in several cases, it seems too simplistic to be able to account for all the available data. It is further stressed that the statistical techniques described here will be useful for future studies of complete and homogenous samples with a view to deciding the extent of applicability of the IGH.

A new species of pine anole from the Sierra Madre del Sur in Oaxaca, Mexico (Reptilia, Squamata, Dactyloidae: Anolis).

PubMed

Köhler, Gunther; Pérez, Raúl Gómez Trejo; Petersen, Claus Bo P; de La Cruz, Fausto R Mendez

2014-01-09

We describe the new species Anolis peucephilus sp. nov. from the Pacific versant of southern Mexico. Anolis peucephilus differs from all congeners by having a combination of (1) smooth ventral scales; (2) usually a patch of three greatly enlarged supraocular scales; (3) extremely short hind legs, longest toe of adpressed hind leg reaching to a point between levels of axilla and ear opening, ratio shank length/snout-vent length 0.18-0.21; (4) circumnasal usually in contact with first supralabial; and (5) a large yellowish orange dewlap in males and a very small to small white dewlap in females. In external morphology, A. peucephilus is most similar to A. omiltemanus from which it differs by having even shorter hind legs with the longest toe of adpressed hind leg reaching to a point between levels of axilla and ear opening (versus usually to ear opening, occasionally to slightly beyond ear opening or to a point between shoulder and ear opening in A. omiltemanus), a slightly larger dewlap in females, to 64 mm2 (versus to 41 mm2 in A. omiltemanus), the circumnasal usually in contact with the first supralabial (versus those scales separated by the presence of a subnasal in A. omiltemanus), and 4-6 internasal scales in the new species (versus usually 6-7 in A. omiltemanus). Furthermore, A. peucephilus differs from A. omiltemanus in hemipenial morphology (no finger-like processus on asulcate side in A. peucephilus versus such a processus present in A. omiltemanus). Also, in a preliminary molecular genetic analysis of the mitochondrial CO1 gene fragment, A. peucephilus has a genetic distance of 11.5% from A. omiltemanus. Anolis peucephilus was collected at night while the lizards were sleeping in pine trees, 2-10 m above the ground.

135-Day Interventions of Yam Dioscorin and the Dipeptide Asn-Trp (NW) To Reduce Weight Gains and Improve Impaired Glucose Tolerances in High-Fat Diet-Induced C57BL/6 Mice.

PubMed

Wu, Guang-Cheng; Lin, Shyr-Yi; Liang, Hong-Jen; Hou, Wen-Chi

2018-01-24

The C57BL/6J mice were fed a 135-day normal diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) without, or concurrent with, a single yam dioscorin (80 mg/kg) or dipeptide NW (40 mg/kg) intervention every day. The final body weights (g) of mice were 26.1 ± 1.4, 34.97 ± 2.1, 31.75 ± 2.6, and 31.66 ± 3.1, respectively, for normal diet-fed, HFD-fed, dioscorin-intervened, and NW-intervened group. The mice in both intervened groups showed similar less weight gains and had significant differences (P < 0.05) compared to those in the HFD group under the same cumulative HFD intakes. The blood biochemical index of mice with dioscorin interventions showed significantly lower contents in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein, and NW interventions showed significantly lower total triglyceride contents compared to those of the HFD group (P < 0.05). Both intervened mice exhibited similar reductions in total visceral lipid contents and have significant differences compared to those of the HFD group (P < 0.05). The dioscorin intervention was better than NW interventions in lowering blood glucose levels by oral glucose tolerance tests and both showed significant differences (P < 0.05) compared to those in the HFD group. Yam dioscorin or dipeptide NW will potentially be used for preventive functional foods of less body weight gains and impaired glucose tolerance controls, which require further clinical trial investigations.

Philippogalla, a new genus for Philipposcopus modestus (Baker) from Philippines, and a new species of Philiposcopus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Idiocerinae) from China

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

A new genus of Idiocerinae, Philippogalla gen. nov., is described and illustrated based on Philipposcopus modestus from Philippines. In addition, a new species Philipposcopus processus sp. nov. is described and illustrated from China....

Modelisation de la diffusion sur les surfaces metalliques: De l'adatome aux processus de croissance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boisvert, Ghyslain

Cette these est consacree a l'etude des processus de diffusion en surface dans le but ultime de comprendre, et de modeliser, la croissance d'une couche mince. L'importance de bien mai triser la croissance est primordiale compte tenu de son role dans la miniaturisation des circuits electroniques. Nous etudions ici les surface des metaux nobles et de ceux de la fin de la serie de transition. Dans un premier temps, nous nous interessons a la diffusion d'un simple adatome sur une surface metallique. Nous avons, entre autres, mis en evidence l'apparition d'une correlation entre evenements successifs lorsque la temperature est comparable a la barriere de diffusion, i.e., la diffusion ne peut pas etre associee a une marche aleatoire. Nous proposons un modele phenomenologique simple qui reproduit bien les resultats des simulations. Ces calculs nous ont aussi permis de montrer que la diffusion obeit a la loi de Meyer-Neldel. Cette loi stipule que, pour un processus active, le prefacteur augmente exponentiellement avec la barriere. En plus, ce travail permet de clarifier l'origine physique de cette loi. En comparant les resultats dynamiques aux resultats statiques, on se rend compte que la barriere extraite des calculs dynamiques est essentiellement la meme que celle obtenue par une approche statique, beaucoup plus simple. On peut donc obtenir cette barriere a l'aide de methodes plus precises, i.e., ab initio, comme la theorie de la fonctionnelle de la densite, qui sont aussi malheureusement beaucoup plus lourdes. C'est ce que nous avons fait pour plusieurs systemes metalliques. Nos resultats avec cette derniere approche se comparent tres bien aux resultats experimentaux. Nous nous sommes attardes plus longuement a la surface (111) du platine. Cette surface regorge de particularites interessantes, comme la forme d'equilibre non-hexagonale des i lots et deux sites d'adsorption differents pour l'adatome. De plus, des calculs ab initio precedents n'ont pas reussi a confirmer la forme d'equilibre et surestiment grandement la barriere. Nos calculs, plus complets et dans un formalisme mieux adapte a ce genre de probleme, predisent correctement la forme d'equilibre, qui est en fait due a un relachement different du stress de surface aux deux types de marches qui forment les cotes des i lots. Notre valeur pour la barriere est aussi fortement diminuee lorsqu'on relaxe les forces sur les atomes de la surface, amenant le resultat theorique beaucoup plus pres de la valeur experimentale. Nos calculs pour le cuivre demontre en effet que la diffusion de petits i lots pendant la croissance ne peut pas etre negligee dans ce cas, mettant en doute la valeur des interpretations des mesures experimentales. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

34 CFR 300.226 - Early intervening services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2011-07-01 2010-07-01 true Early intervening services. 300.226 Section 300.226... CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES Local Educational Agency Eligibility § 300.226 Early intervening services. (a... coordinated, early intervening services, which may include interagency financing structures, for students in...

Intervening sequences in a plant gene-comparison of the partial sequence of cDNA and genomic DNA of French bean phaseolin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sun, S. M.; Slightom, J. L.; Hall, T. C.

1981-01-01

A plant gene coding for the major storage protein (phaseolin, G1-globulin) of the French bean was isolated from a genomic library constructed in the phage vector Charon 24A. Comparison of the nucleotide sequence of part of the gene with that of the cloned messenger RNA (cDNA) revealed the presence of three intervening sequences, all beginning with GTand ending with AG. The 5' and 3' boundaries of intervening sequences TVS-A (88 base pairs) and IVS-B (124 base pairs) are similar to those described for animal and viral genes, but the 3' boundary of IVS-C (129 base pairs) shows some differences. A sequence of 185 amino acids deduced from the cloned DMAs represents about 40% of a phaseolin polypeptide.

34 CFR 300.226 - Early intervening services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES Local Educational Agency Eligibility § 300.226 Early intervening services. (a... annually report to the SEA on— (1) The number of children served under this section who received early intervening services; and (2) The number of children served under this section who received early intervening...

Teachers' views and beliefs about bullying: influences on classroom management strategies and students' coping with peer victimization.

PubMed

Kochenderfer-Ladd, Becky; Pelletier, Marie E

2008-08-01

A multilevel design was used to test a model in which teachers' attitudes (beliefs) about bullying (e.g., it is normative; assertive children do not get bullied; children wouldn't be bullied if they avoided mean kids) were hypothesized to influence if and how they intervene in bullying interactions. In turn, it was hypothesized that teachers' strategies would influence how their students cope with victimization and the frequency of victimization reported by their students. Data were gathered on 34 2nd and 4th grade teachers and 363 ethnically-diverse students (188 boys; 175 girls; M age=9 years 2 months). Results indicated that teachers were not likely to intervene if they viewed bullying as normative behavior, but were more likely to intervene if they held either assertion or avoidant beliefs. Moreover, avoidant beliefs were predictive of separating students which was then associated both directly and indirectly (via reduced revenge seeking) with lower levels of peer victimization. No grade differences emerged for teachers' views or management strategies; however, minor sex differences were detected which will be discussed.

Definition of Intervener Services and Interveners in Educational Settings. Technical Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Consortium on Deaf-Blindness, 2013

2013-01-01

This technical report synthesizes the process and information used by National Consortium on Deaf-Blindness (NCDB) in the development of a consistently applied definition of intervener services. It addresses challenges and questions, provides comparisons between interveners and paraprofessionals, and offers definitions, roles and concepts used by…

34 CFR 300.711 - Early intervening services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2011-07-01 2010-07-01 true Early intervening services. 300.711 Section 300.711... Secretary of the Interior § 300.711 Early intervening services. (a) The Secretary of the Interior may allow... funds), to develop and implement coordinated, early intervening services, which may include interagency...

Application du processus de Markov sur les occurrences des précipitations journalières au Congo-Brazzaville

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Samba, Gaston; Mpounza, Marcel

2005-11-01

This study deals with the daily precipitation occurrence during the rainy season in different locations in Congo-Brazzaville. The Markov-chain probability model has been used for defining probable dry and wet rainy sequences at each station, and transition probabilities between daily precipitations of two successive days. The main results are: in Congo, the dependence on the preceding day of the daily precipitations occurrence; the confirmation of two main climatic region (equatorial climate to the north and tropical wet to the south); the lack of coherence in the distribution of precipitations. To cite this article: G. Samba, M. Mpounza, C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005).

Déprescription des agonistes des récepteurs des benzodiazépines

PubMed Central

Pottie, Kevin; Thompson, Wade; Davies, Simon; Grenier, Jean; Sadowski, Cheryl A.; Welch, Vivian; Holbrook, Anne; Boyd, Cynthia; Swenson, Robert; Ma, Andy; Farrell, Barbara

2018-01-01

Résumé Objectif Formuler des lignes directrices fondées sur les données probantes visant à aider les cliniciens à décider du moment et de la façon sécuritaire de réduire la dose des agonistes des récepteurs des benzodiazépines (BZRA) pour mettre fin au traitement; se concentrer sur le niveau le plus élevé des données disponibles et obtenir les commentaires des professionnels de première ligne durant le processus de rédaction, de révision et d’adoption des lignes directrices. Méthodes L’équipe comptait 8 cliniciens (1 médecin de famille, 2 psychiatres, 1 psychologue clinique, 1 pharmacologue clinique, 2 pharmaciennes cliniques et 1 gériatre) et une spécialiste de la méthodologie; les membres ont divulgué tout conflit d’intérêts. Nous avons eu recours à un processus systématique, y compris l’approche GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) pour formuler les lignes directrices. Les données ont été générées par une revue systématique d’études portant sur la déprescription des BZRA contre l’insomnie, de même que par une revue des revues sur les torts liés à la poursuite du traitement par BZRA et des synthèses narratives sur les préférences des patients et les répercussions sur les ressources. Ces données et le score GRADE de qualité des données ont servi à formuler les recommandations. L’équipe a peaufiné le texte sur le contenu et les recommandations des lignes directrices par consensus et a synthétisé les considérations cliniques afin de répondre aux questions des cliniciens de première ligne. Une version préliminaire des lignes directrices a été révisée par les cliniciens et les intervenants. Recommandations Nous recommandons d’offrir la déprescription (réduction lente de la dose) des BZRA à tous les patients âgés (≥ 65 ans) sous un BZRA, sans égard à la durée de l’usage, et suggérons d’offrir la déprescription (réduction lente de la dose) à tous les adultes de 18 à 64 qui prennent un BZRA depuis plus de 4 semaines. Ces recommandations visent les patients qui prennent un BZRA contre l’insomnie seule (insomnie primaire) ou l’insomnie comorbide lorsque les comorbidités sous-jacentes sont efficacement prises en charge. Ces lignes directrices ne visent pas les personnes atteintes d’autres troubles non traités du sommeil ou d’anxiété, de dépression, ou d’autres troubles physiques ou de santé mentale pouvant causer ou aggraver l’insomnie. Conclusion Les agonistes des récepteurs des benzodiazépines sont liés à des torts, et leur effet thérapeutique serait bref. La réduction graduelle de la dose de BZRA améliore le taux d’abandon comparativement aux soins habituels, et ce, sans causer de torts graves. Les patients seraient plus ouverts à une conversation sur la déprescription s’ils comprennent le pourquoi (potentiel de torts), participent à l’élaboration du plan de réduction de la dose et reçoivent des conseils en matière de comportement. Les présentes lignes directrices émettent des recommandations pour décider du moment et de la façon de réduire la dose de BZRA pour mettre fin au traitement. Elles visent à contribuer au processus de décision conjointement avec le patient et non à le dicter. PMID:29760269

34 CFR Appendix D to Part 300 - Maintenance of Effort and Early Intervening Services

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2011-07-01 2010-07-01 true Maintenance of Effort and Early Intervening Services D... Effort and Early Intervening Services LEAs that seek to reduce their local maintenance of effort in accordance with § 300.205(d) and use some of their Part B funds for early intervening services under § 300...

Semi-quantitative methods yield greater inter- and intraobserver agreement than subjective methods for interpreting 99m technetium-hydroxymethylene-diphosphonate uptake in equine thoracic processi spinosi.

PubMed

van Zadelhoff, Claudia; Ehrle, Anna; Merle, Roswitha; Jahn, Werner; Lischer, Christoph

2018-05-09

Scintigraphy is a standard diagnostic method for evaluating horses with back pain due to suspected thoracic processus spinosus pathology. Lesion detection is based on subjective or semi-quantitative assessments of increased uptake. This retrospective, analytical study is aimed to compare semi-quantitative and subjective methods in the evaluation of scintigraphic images of the processi spinosi in the equine thoracic spine. Scintigraphic images of 20 Warmblood horses, presented for assessment of orthopedic conditions between 2014 and 2016, were included in the study. Randomized, blinded image evaluation was performed by 11 veterinarians using subjective and semi-quantitative methods. Subjective grading was performed for the analysis of red-green-blue and grayscale scintigraphic images, which were presented in full-size or as masked images. For the semi-quantitative assessment, observers placed regions of interest over each processus spinosus. The uptake ratio of each processus spinosus in comparison to a reference region of interest was determined. Subsequently, a modified semi-quantitative calculation was developed whereby only the highest counts-per-pixel for a specified number of pixels was processed. Inter- and intraobserver agreement was calculated using intraclass correlation coefficients. Inter- and intraobserver intraclass correlation coefficients were 41.65% and 71.39%, respectively, for the subjective image assessment. Additionally, a correlation between intraobserver agreement, experience, and grayscale images was identified. The inter- and intraobserver agreement was significantly increased when using semi-quantitative analysis (97.35% and 98.36%, respectively) or the modified semi-quantitative calculation (98.61% and 98.82%, respectively). The proposed modified semi-quantitative technique showed a higher inter- and intraobserver agreement when compared to other methods, which makes it a useful tool for the analysis of scintigraphic images. The association of the findings from this study with clinical and radiological examinations requires further investigation. © 2018 American College of Veterinary Radiology.

Suicide Prevention: College Students' Intention to Intervene.

PubMed

Aldrich, Rosalie S

2017-07-03

The objective of this article was to examine college students' intention to intervene with a suicidal individual and examine the Willingness to Intervene against Suicide questionnaire (WIS). College students (n = 1065) completed an online questionnaire about their attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control regarding suicide and suicide intervention as well as their intention to intervene with a suicidal individual. The data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and multiple regression. It was found that the WIS significantly predicted intention to intervene with a suicidal individual. The WIS was internally consistent with adequate goodness-of-fit indices for three of the four sub-scales. The WIS is an effective tool for predicting intention to intervene; however, the subjective norms sub-scale should be revised to improve the model.

The Willingness to Intervene Against Suicide Questionnaire.

PubMed

Aldrich, Rosalie S; Harrington, Nancy G; Cerel, Julie

2014-01-01

Three studies resulted in the Willingness to Intervene Against Suicide Questionnaire. College students (ns = 172, 253, and 367) completed an online questionnaire based on theory of planned behavior constructs regarding suicide intervention. Exploratory factor analysis produced 10 factors: intervening will affect the suicidal person and the participant; important others recommend seeking help, suggesting the suicidal person see a counselor, and talking to the suicidal person; interpersonal and intervention self-efficacy; and intention to seek outside help, encourage to seek outside help, and recognize a need for action. The Willingness to Intervene Against Suicide Questionnaire assesses college students' willingness to intervene when someone is suicidal.

Participation in High School Sports and Bystander Intentions, Efficacy to Intervene, and Rape Myth Beliefs.

PubMed

McMahon, Sarah

2015-10-01

Debate exists as to whether male athletes are more prone to commit acts of sexual violence and maintain problematic attitudes about sexual assault. To contribute to the literature on this relationship, this study posed the following research questions: (1) Do those students who participated in high school sports and those who did not differ significantly in their attitudes about sexual violence and willingness to intervene as a bystander? Do these differ among types of rape myths and bystander intervention situations? (2) Within a group of athletes, are there significant differences by gender or type of sport (contact sport vs. non-contact?) To answer these questions, surveys were analyzed with a sample of recent high school graduates the summer before entering college (N = 3,588). Results indicate that there were only minor differences between those students who participated in high school varsity sports and those who did not. Students who participated in sports had greater acceptance of three out of five types of rape myths, and less willingness to intervene with perpetrators after an assault; however, the effect sizes were small. There were no significant differences for bystander efficacy. The interaction between sport and gender was significant, but contact sport was not. The findings suggest that there may be aspects of male athletic participation in sports that needs to be addressed, yet there also exists the potential for engaging athletes as leaders who can act as prosocial bystanders. © The Author(s) 2014.

National Center On Deaf-Blindness

MedlinePlus

... App Launch Panel NCDB Products OHOA Intervener Modules Literacy Website Families Lead Website Intervener Recommendations NCDB Initiatives ... Initiatives Early Identification Family Engagement Interveners & Qualified Personnel Literacy National Child Count Transition Connections Connections Search NCDB ...

Bilingual Facebook Users' Cognitive Writing Processes (Processus cognitifs d'écriture des utilisateurs bilingues de Facebook)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Riley, Jacqueline

2015-01-01

This study seeks to explore the cognitive processes involved as bilinguals wrote English and Spanish Facebook status updates. Three phases of data collection were employed: individual interviews, examination of participants' Facebook status updates and a group interview. The findings suggested that regardless of the language in which participants…

Function Flow Analysis and Comparison of Doctrinal and Applied Operations Planning Process

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-05-16

décision humaine est intuitive, c’est-à-dire qu’elle s’effectue selon un processus moins analytique, moins formel. Cela suppose qu’il peut y avoir une...Tactical System. The Land Force wants to develop new procedures that capitalize on the strengths of digitization. Project Minerva will focus on the

La Parabole du Gaucher et de la Casserole a Bec Verseur: Etude des Processus d'Apprentissage dans un Environnement de Calculatrices Symboliques.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trouche, Luc

2000-01-01

Discusses the problems of conceptualization of the function limit in technological environments (principally graphing calculators today and symbolic calculators tomorrow) that are gradually being adopted in precalculus teaching. Explains how the instrumentation process and the conceptualization process are dependent on each other. Sets forth a…

Environnement et approche fonctionnelle ou les processus d'un systeme ouvert (The Environment and a Functional Approach or the Processes of an Open System).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Catalan, Robert

1982-01-01

Discusses the relationship between the person learning a foreign language, the methodology employed, and the environment using the paradigms of T. Parsons. Notes that the functional method has adapted some of these functions and suggests ways to incorporate the others. (AMH)

Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Predict College Students' Intention to Intervene With a Suicidal Individual.

PubMed

Aldrich, Rosalie S

2015-01-01

Suicide among college students is an issue of serious concern. College peers may effectively intervene with at-risk persons due to their regular contact and close personal relationships with others in this population of significantly enhanced risk. The current study was designed to investigate whether the theory of planned behavior constructs predicted intention to intervene when a college peer is suicidal. Undergraduate students (n = 367) completed an on-line questionnaire; they answered questions about their attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control regarding suicide and suicide intervention, as well as their intention to intervene when someone is suicidal. The data were analyzed using multiple regression. The statistical significance of this cross-sectional study indicates that the theory of planned behavior constructs predicts self-reported intention to intervene with a suicidal individual. Theory of planned behavior is an effective framework for understanding peers' intention to intervene with a suicidal individual.

Reconstruction of equilibrium trajectories and joint stiffness patterns during single-joint voluntary movements under different instructions.

PubMed

Latash, M L

1994-01-01

A method for reconstructing joint compliant characteristics during voluntary movements was applied to the analysis of oscillatory and unidirectional elbow flexion movements. In different series, the subjects were given one of the following instructions: (1) do not intervene voluntarily; (2) keep the trajectory; (3) in cases of perturbations, return back to the starting position as quickly as possible (only during unidirectional movements). Under the instruction 'keep trajectory', the apparent joint stiffness increased by 50% to 250%. During oscillatory movements, this was accompanied by a decrease in the maximal difference between the actual and equilibrium joint trajectories and, in several cases, led to a change in the phase relation between the two trajectories. The coefficients of correlation between joint torque and angle were very high (commonly, over 0.9) under the 'do not intervene' instruction. They dropped to about 0.6 under the 'keep trajectory' and to about 0.3 under the 'return back' instructions. Under these two instructions, the low values of the coefficients of correlation did not allow reconstruction of segments of equilibrium trajectories and joint stiffness values in all the subjects. The results provide further support for the lambda-version of the equilibrium-point hypothesis and for using the instruction 'do not intervene voluntarily' to obtain reproducible time patterns of the central motor command.

The roles of working memory and intervening task difficulty in determining the benefits of repetition

PubMed Central

Bui, Dung C.; Maddox, Geoffrey B.; Balota, David A.

2014-01-01

Memory is better when learning events are spaced, as compared with massed (i.e., the spacing effect). Recent theories posit that retrieval of an item’s earlier presentation contributes to the spacing effect, which suggests that individual differences in the ability to retrieve an earlier event may influence the benefit of spaced repetition. The present study examined (1) the difficulty of task demands between repetitions, which should modulate the ability to retrieve the earlier information, and (2) individual differences in working memory in a spaced repetition paradigm. Across two experiments, participants studied a word set twice, each separated by an interval where duration was held constant, and the difficulty of the intervening task was manipulated. After a short retention interval following the second presentation, participants recalled the word set. Those who scored high on working memory measures benefited more from repeated study than did those who scored lower on working memory measures, regardless of task difficulty. Critically, a crossover interaction was observed between working memory and intervening task difficulty: Individuals with low working memory scores benefited more when task difficulty was easy than when it was difficult, but individuals with high working memory scores produced the opposite effect. These results suggest that individual differences in working memory should be considered in optimizing the benefits of repetition learning. PMID:23224905

[Social networks in drinking behaviors among Japanese: support network, drinking network, and intervening network].

PubMed

Yoshihara, Chika; Shimizu, Shinji

2005-10-01

The national representative sample was analyzed to examine the relationship between respondents' drinking practice and the social network which was constructed of three different types of network: support network, drinking network, and intervening network. Non-parametric statistical analysis was conducted with chi square method and ANOVA analysis, due to the risk of small samples in some basic tabulation cells. The main results are as follows: (1) In the support network of workplace associates, moderate drinkers enjoyed much more sociable support care than both nondrinkers and hard drinkers, which might suggest a similar effect as the French paradox. Meanwhile in the familial and kinship network, the more intervening care support was provided, the harder respondents' drinking practice. (2) The drinking network among Japanese people for both sexes is likely to be convergent upon certain types of network categories and not decentralized in various categories. This might reflect of the drinking culture of Japan, which permits people to drink everyday as a practice, especially male drinkers. Subsequently, solitary drinking is not optional for female drinkers. (3) Intervening network analysis showed that the harder the respondents' drinking practices, the more frequently their drinking behaviors were checked in almost all the categories of network. A rather complicated gender double-standard was found in the network of hard drinkers with their friends, particularly for female drinkers. Medical professionals played a similar intervening role for men as family and kinship networks but to a less degree than friends for females. The social network is considerably associated with respondents' drinking, providing both sociability for moderate drinkers and intervention for hard drinkers, depending on network categories. To minimize the risk of hard drinking and advance self-healthy drinking there should be more research development on drinking practice and the social network.

Restorative Treatment Thresholds for Occlusal Primary Caries by Dentists in “The Dental Practice-Based Research Network”

PubMed Central

Gordan, Valeria V; Bader, James D; Garvan, Cynthia W; Richman, Joshua S; Qvist, Vibeke; Fellows, Jeffrey L; Rindal, D. Brad; Gilbert, Gregg H

2010-01-01

Objectives (1) Quantify at which carious lesion depths dentists intervene surgically for cases of varying caries penetration and caries risk; (2) Identify characteristics that are associated with surgical intervention. Methods Dentists in a practice-based research network who reported doing at least some restorative dentistry were surveyed. Dentists were asked to indicate whether they would surgically intervene in a series of cases depicting occlusal caries. Each case included a photograph of an occlusal surface displaying typical characteristics of caries penetration, and a written description of a patient at a specific level of caries risk. Using logistic regression, we analyzed associations of surgical treatment with dentist and practice characteristics, and patient caries risk levels. Results 519 DPBRN practitioner-investigators responded, of whom 63% indicated that they would surgically restore lesions located on inner enamel surfaces, and 90% of lesions located in outer dentin surfaces in a low caries risk individual. Regarding individuals at high caries risk, 77% reported that they would surgically restore inner enamel lesions and 94% reported restoring lesions located on the outer dentin surface. Dentists who did not assess caries risk were more likely to intervene on dentin lesions (p=.004). Practitioner-investigators who were in private practice were significantly more likely to intervene surgically on enamel lesions, compared to dentists from large group practices (p<.001). Conclusion Most dentists chose to provide some treatment to lesions that were within the enamel surface. Decisions to intervene surgically in the caries process differ by caries lesion depth, patient caries risk, assessment of caries risk, type of practice model, and percent of patients who self-pay. PMID:20123876

Consequences experimentales des effets des fluctuations du vide sur la fluorescence parametrique et la generation du second harmonique en milieu confine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Robichaud, Luc

Les fluctuations du vide, qui consistent en l'apparition momentanee de particules, ce qui est permit par le principe d'incertitude de Heisenberg, joue un role primordial dans les processus photoniques, en particulier les processus non-lineaires. Par la manipulation de ces fluctuations du vide a l'aide de confinement optique, on retrouve deux phenomenes particuliers : l'intensification de la fluorescence parametrique (Walker, 2008) et l'inhibition de la generation du second harmonique (Collette, 2013). Dans ce travail, on presente les resultats dans le cas classique ; c'est-a-dire sans fluctuations du vide et confinement. Par la suite, on presente les effets des fluctuations du vide et du confinement, ce qui mene aux deux effets mentionnes. Dans le cas de la fluorescence parametrique, le bruit quantique sur le champ interne et externe est calcule, le role du desaccord de phase dans le modele est expose et une generalisation tridimensionnelle est etudiee afin de generaliser la conception du modele d'un cas unidimensionnel a un cas tridimensionnel planaire. Dans le cas de la generation du second harmonique, les difficultes d'un modele purement tridimensionnel sont exposees et ensuite le cas limite planaire est etudie.

Etude du processus de changement vecu par des familles ayant decide d'adopter volontairement des comportements d'attenuation des changements climatiques

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leger, Michel T.

Les activites humaines energivores telles l'utilisation intensive de l'automobile, la surconsommation de biens et l'usage excessif d'electricite contribuent aux changements climatiques et autres problemes environnementaux. Bien que plusieurs recherches rapportent que l'etre humain est de plus en plus conscient de ses impacts sur le climat de la planete, ces memes recherches indiquent qu'en general, les gens continuent a se comporter de facon non ecologique. Que ce soit a l'ecole ou dans la communaute, plusieurs chercheurs en education relative a l'environnement estiment qu'une personne bien intentionnee est capable d'adopter des comportements plus respectueux de l'environnement. Le but de cette these etait de comprendre le processus d'integration de comportements d'attenuation des changements climatiques dans des familles. A cette fin, nous nous sommes fixe deux objectifs : 1) decrire les competences et les procedes qui favorisent l'adoption de comportements d'attenuation des changements climatiques dans des familles et 2) decrire les facteurs et les dynamiques familiales qui facilitent et limitent l'adoption de comportements d'attenuation des changements climatiques dans des familles. Des familles ont ete invitees a essayer des comportements personnels et collectifs d'attenuation des changements climatiques de sorte a integrer des modes de vie plus ecologiques. Sur une periode de huit mois, nous avons suivi leur experience de changement afin de mieux comprendre comment se produit le processus de changement dans des familles qui decident volontairement d'adopter des comportements d'attenuation des changements climatiques. Apres leur avoir fourni quelques connaissances de base sur les changements climatiques, nous avons observe le vecu de changement des familles durant huit mois d'essais a l'aide de journaux reflexifs, d'entretiens d'explicitation et du journal du chercheur. La these comporte trois articles scientifiques. Dans le premier article, nous presentons une recension des ecrits sur le changement de comportement en environnement. Nous explorons egalement la famille comme systeme fonctionnel de sorte a mieux comprendre ce contexte d'action environnementale qui est, a notre connaissance, peu etudie. Dans le deuxieme article, nous presentons nos resultats de recherche concernant les facteurs d'influence observes ainsi que les competences manifestees au cours du processus d'adoption de nouveaux comportements environnementaux dans trois familles. Enfin, le troisieme article presente les resultats du cas d'une quatrieme famille ou les membres vivent depuis longtemps des modes de vie ecologique. Dans le cadre d'une demarche d'analyse par theorisation ancree, l'etude de ce cas modele nous a permis d'approfondir les categories conceptuelles identifiees dans le deuxieme article de sorte a produire une modelisation de l'integration de comportements environnementaux dans le contexte de la famille. Les conclusions degagees grace a la recension des ecrits nous ont permis d'identifier les elements qui pourraient influencer l'adoption de comportements environnementaux dans des familles. La recension a aussi permis une meilleure comprehension des divers facteurs qui peuvent affecter l'adoption de comportements environnementaux et, enfin, elle a permis de mieux cerner le phenomene de changement de comportement dans le contexte de la famille consideree comme un systeme. En appliquant un processus d'analyse inductif, a partir de nos donnees qualitatives, les resultats de notre etude multi-cas nous ont indique que deux construits conceptuels semblent influencer l'adoption de comportements environnementaux en famille : 1) les valeurs biospheriques communes au sein de la famille et 2) les competences collectivement mises a profit collectivement durant l'essai de nouveaux comportements environnementaux. Notre modelisation du processus de changement dans des familles indique aussi qu'une dynamique familiale collaborative et la presence d'un groupe de soutien exterieur sont deux elements conceptuels qui tendent a influencer les deux principaux construits et, par ce fait, tendent a augmenter les chances d'integrer de nouveaux comportements environnementaux dans des familles. En conclusion, nous presentons les limites de notre recherche ainsi que des pistes pour des recherches futures. Notamment, nous recommandons que l'ecole accueille les familles des eleves dans le cadre d'activites d'education a l'environnement ou les freres, les soeurs et les parents des eleves puissent apprendre ensemble, a l'ecole. Par exemple, nous recommandons la conduite en ERE d'une recherche action portant sur l'apprentissage intergenerationnel de nouveaux comportements dans le contexte de la famille. Mots-cles : education relative a l'environnement, comportement environnemental en famille, changement de comportement en famille, valeurs biospheriques, competences d'action.

THE LIABILITY FORMS OF THE MEDICAL PERSONNEL.

PubMed

Bărcan, Cristian

2015-01-01

Current legislation, namely Law no. 95/2006 on healthcare reform in the medical malpractice domain stipulates that medical staff can be held accountable in the following forms: disciplinary liability, administrative liability, civil liability and criminal liability. Each form of legal liability presents its features, aspects that are found mainly in the procedural rules. However, the differences between the various legal forms of liability are not met only in the procedural rules but also in their effects and consequences. It is necessary to know what the procedure for disciplinary responsibility, administrative liability, civil liability, or criminal liability is. In addition to the differentiation determined by the consequences that may arise from the different forms of legal liability, it is important to know the competent authorities to investigate a case further and the solutions which various public institutions can take regarding the medical staff. Depending on the type of legal liability, authorities have a specialized authority. If the Disciplinary Committee is encountered at the College of Physicians, it may not intervene in cases before the monitoring and competence for malpractice cases Committee. The latter two committees cannot intervene directly in the legal assessment of civil or criminal cases, as no criminal investigation authorities cannot intervene in strictly civilian cases. Therefore, the importance of knowing the competent institutions is imperative.

Evaluating the best time to intervene acute liver failure in rat models induced by d-galactosamine.

PubMed

Éboli, Lígia Patrícia de Carvalho Batista; Netto, Alcides Augusto Salzedas; Azevedo, Ramiro Antero de; Lanzoni, Valéria Pereira; Paula, Tatiana Sugayama de; Goldenberg, Alberto; Gonzalez, Adriano Miziara

2016-12-01

To describe an animal model for acute liver failure by intraperitoneal d-galactosamine injections in rats and to define when is the best time to intervene through King's College and Clichy´s criteria evaluation. Sixty-one Wistar female rats were distributed into three groups: group 1 (11 rats received 1.4 g/kg of d-galactosamine intraperitoneally and were observed until they died); group 2 (44 rats received a dose of 1.4 g/kg of d-galactosamine and blood and histological samples were collected for analysis at 12 , 24, 48 , 72 and 120 hours after the injection); and the control group as well (6 rats) . Twelve hours after applying d-galactosamine, AST/ALT, bilirubin, factor V, PT and INR were already altered. The peak was reached at 48 hours. INR > 6.5 was found 12 hours after the injection and factor V < 30% after 24 hours. All the laboratory variables presented statistical differences, except urea (p = 0.758). There were statistical differences among all the histological variables analyzed. King's College and Clichy´s criteria were fulfilled 12 hours after the d-galactosamine injection and this time may represent the best time to intervene in this acute liver failure animal model.

34 CFR 300.711 - Early intervening services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Early intervening services. 300.711 Section 300.711... CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES Authorization, Allotment, Use of Funds, and Authorization of Appropriations Secretary of the Interior § 300.711 Early intervening services. (a) The Secretary of the Interior may allow...

47 CFR 1.223 - Petitions to intervene.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Petitions to intervene. 1.223 Section 1.223... and Issues § 1.223 Petitions to intervene. (a) Where, in cases involving applications for construction... Federal Register of the hearing issues or any substantial amendment thereto, a petition for intervention...

Une lecture, mille et une reflexions: Cahier de reflexion sur le processus de lecture. (One Reading, 1001 Reflections: Notebook of Reflection on the Reading Process.)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alberta Dept. of Education, Edmonton.

This activity notebook is intended to help French-speaking students in Alberta, Canada, develop reflective reading practices. Following an introduction and information (with graphics) on the notebook's organization, the notebook is divided into three sections of reading strategies: the first section contains three activities, the second section…

Bilateral cryptorchidism in a dog with persistent cranial testis suspensory ligaments and inverted gubernacula: report of a case with implications for understanding normal and aberrant testis descent.

PubMed Central

Kersten, W; Molenaar, G J; Emmen, J M; van der Schoot, P

1996-01-01

The genital system of a dog with bilateral intra-abdominal testes is described. External virilisation was normal except for an empty scrotum. Internally there was a prostate of normal macroscopic and histological appearances and, bilaterally, a fully developed male genital tract. Testicular vasculature was normal. Cranial to each testis, there was a strong ligament lying at the free edge of the gonadal/genital mesentery and running between the cranial tip of the testis/epididymis and the area craniolateral of the ipsilateral kidney. It was impossible to push the testes into the inguinal canal because of this strong ligament. Caudal to each testis, there was an elongated whitish structure between the caudal pole of the epididymis and the area of the internal inguinal ring. On closer inspection this structure appeared to be the inverted and elongated processus vaginalis sac. There was a minor ligament at the free border of the inguinal fold of the genital mesentery between the tip of this inverted processus vaginalis and the adjacent junction of the cauda epididymidis and vas deferens. The findings suggest that persistence of the fetal cranial gonadal suspensory ligaments could have been the major aetiological factor in this case of cryptorchidism. Their persistence could have prevented caudal outgrowth of the processus vaginalis with its consequent development into an intra-abdominal papilla-like structure. Inappropriate persistence of the cranial suspensory ligaments in male rodents, pig, and cattle has been associated with insufficient exposure of their primordia to androgen during fetal life. It is uncertain whether a similar deficiency could underlie persistence of these structures in the present specimen. The findings add further weight to the hypothesis that regression of the cranial gonadal suspensory ligament in males is a key event in the process of testis descent. The human homologue of this ligament deserves more attention in the analysis and treatment of human cryptorchidism. Images Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 6 Fig. 7 Fig. 8 Fig. 9 PMID:8771408

The Role of Self-Efficacy for Bystander Helping Behaviors in Risky Alcohol Situations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Krieger, Heather; Serrano, Surizaday; Neighbors, Clayton

2017-01-01

We examined the role of self-efficacy in preventing bystander inaction in dangerous alcohol situations. Participants (N = 504) completed an online survey that assessed whether they had previously witnessed or intervened in alcohol-related emergencies, their self-efficacy for intervening, and their likelihood of intervening in the future.…

78 FR 70545 - KEI (Maine) Power Management (I) LLC, KEI (Maine) Power Management (II) LLC, KEI (Maine) Power...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-26

... Application for Amendment of Licenses and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Protests Take notice..., or [email protected] . j. Deadline for filing comments, motions to intervene, and protests... electronic filing. Please file any motion to intervene, protest, comments, and/or recommendations using the...

76 FR 79673 - PacifiCorp; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing, Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-22

...; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing, Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Protests Take... filing comments, motions to intervene, and protests, is 30 days from the issuance date of this notice... comments, motions, or recommendations filed. k. Description of Request: The applicant proposes to add...

Early Intervening for Students with Speech Sound Disorders: Lessons from a School District

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mire, Stephen P.; Montgomery, Judy K.

2009-01-01

The concept of early intervening services was introduced into public school systems with the implementation of the Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA) of 2004. This article describes a program developed for students with speech sound disorders that incorporated concepts of early intervening services, response to…

29 CFR 102.29 - Intervention; requisites; rulings on motions to intervene.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Intervention; requisites; rulings on motions to intervene... Practices 1 Intervention § 102.29 Intervention; requisites; rulings on motions to intervene. Any person... order permit intervention in person or by counsel or other representative to such extent and upon such...

43 CFR 4.406 - Intervention; amicus curiae.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Intervention; amicus curiae. 4.406 Section... Intervention; amicus curiae. (a) A person who wishes to intervene in an appeal must file a motion to intervene... Board. (b) A motion to intervene must set forth the basis for the proposed intervention, including: (1...

43 CFR 4.406 - Intervention; amicus curiae.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Intervention; amicus curiae. 4.406 Section... Intervention; amicus curiae. (a) A person who wishes to intervene in an appeal must file a motion to intervene... Board. (b) A motion to intervene must set forth the basis for the proposed intervention, including: (1...

43 CFR 4.406 - Intervention; amicus curiae.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Intervention; amicus curiae. 4.406 Section... Intervention; amicus curiae. (a) A person who wishes to intervene in an appeal must file a motion to intervene... Board. (b) A motion to intervene must set forth the basis for the proposed intervention, including: (1...

29 CFR 102.29 - Intervention; requisites; rulings on motions to intervene.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Intervention; requisites; rulings on motions to intervene... Practices 1 Intervention § 102.29 Intervention; requisites; rulings on motions to intervene. Any person... order permit intervention in person or by counsel or other representative to such extent and upon such...

29 CFR 102.29 - Intervention; requisites; rulings on motions to intervene.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Intervention; requisites; rulings on motions to intervene... Practices 1 Intervention § 102.29 Intervention; requisites; rulings on motions to intervene. Any person... order permit intervention in person or by counsel or other representative to such extent and upon such...

29 CFR 102.29 - Intervention; requisites; rulings on motions to intervene.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Intervention; requisites; rulings on motions to intervene... Practices 1 Intervention § 102.29 Intervention; requisites; rulings on motions to intervene. Any person... order permit intervention in person or by counsel or other representative to such extent and upon such...

29 CFR 102.29 - Intervention; requisites; rulings on motions to intervene.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Intervention; requisites; rulings on motions to intervene... Practices 1 Intervention § 102.29 Intervention; requisites; rulings on motions to intervene. Any person... order permit intervention in person or by counsel or other representative to such extent and upon such...

43 CFR 4.406 - Intervention; amicus curiae.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2012-10-01 2011-10-01 true Intervention; amicus curiae. 4.406 Section... Intervention; amicus curiae. (a) A person who wishes to intervene in an appeal must file a motion to intervene... Board. (b) A motion to intervene must set forth the basis for the proposed intervention, including: (1...

The Intervener in Early Intervention and Educational Settings for Children and Youth with Deafblindness. NTAC Briefing Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alsop, Linda; Blaha, Robbie; Kloos, Eric

Designed to increase awareness and understanding about interveners and their role in the field of deafblindness, this paper describes the work of interveners in early intervention and educational settings provided under the Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) and the Individualized Education Program (IEP) for children and youth who are…

Cross-sectional survey of Good Samaritan behaviour by physicians in North Carolina

PubMed Central

Garneau, William M; Harris, Dean M; Viera, Anthony J

2016-01-01

Objective To assess the responses of physicians to providing emergency medical assistance outside of routine clinical care. We assessed the percentage who reported previous Good Samaritan behaviour, their responses to hypothetical situations, their comfort providing specific interventions and the most likely reason they would not intervene. Setting Physicians residing in North Carolina. Participants Convenience sample of 1000 licensed physicians. Intervention Mailed survey. Design Cross-sectional study conducted May 2015 to September 2015. Main outcome and measures Willingness of physicians to act as Good Samaritans as determined by the last opportunity to intervene in an out-of-office emergency. Results The adjusted response rate was 26.1% (253/970 delivered). 4 out of 5 physicians reported previous opportunities to act as Good Samaritans. Approximately, 93% reported acting as a Good Samaritan during their last opportunity. There were no differences in this outcome between sexes, practice setting, specialty type or experience level. Doctors with greater perceived knowledge of Good Samaritan law were more likely to have intervened during a recent opportunity (p=0.02). The most commonly cited reason for potentially not intervening was that another health provider had taken charge. Conclusions We found the frequency of Good Samaritan behaviour among physicians to be much higher than reported in previous studies. Greater helping behaviour was exhibited by those who expressed more familiarity with Good Samaritan law. These findings suggest that physicians may respond to legal protections. PMID:26966061

Physical methods for the treatment of fever in critically ill patients: a randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Salgado, Patrícia de Oliveira; Silva, Ludmila Christiane Rosa da; Silva, Priscila Marinho Aleixo; Chianca, Tânia Couto Machado

2016-01-01

To evaluate the effects of physical methods of reducing body temperature (ice pack and warm compression) in critically ill patients with fever. A randomized clinical trial involving 102 adult patients with tympanic temperature ≥ 38.3°C of an infectious focus, and randomized into three groups: Intervention I - ice pack associated with antipyretic; Intervention II - warm compress associated with antipyretic; and Control - antipyretic. Tympanic temperature was measured at 15 minute intervals for 3 hours. The effect of the interventions was evaluated through the Mann-Whitney test and Survival Analysis. "Effect size" calculation was carried out. Patients in the intervention groups I and II presented greater reduction in body temperature. The group of patients receiving intervention I presented tympanic temperature below 38.3°C at 45 minutes of monitoring, while the value for control group was lower than 38.3°C starting at 60 minutes, and those who received intervention II had values lower than 38.3°C at 75 minutes of monitoring. No statistically significant difference was found between the interventions, but with the intervention group I patients showed greater reduction in tympanic temperature compared to the other groups. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-2k3kbq. Avaliar o efeito de métodos físicos (bolsa de gelo e compressa morna) na redução da temperatura corporal de pacientes críticos com febre. Ensaio clínico randomizado com 102 pacientes adultos e temperatura timpânica ≥ 38,3°C de foco infeccioso, aleatorizados em três grupos: Intervenção I ‒ bolsa de gelo associada a antitérmico; Intervenção II ‒ compressa morna associada a antitérmico; e Controle ‒ antitérmico. A temperatura timpânica foi mensurada em intervalos de 15 minutos durante 3 horas. O efeito das intervenções foi avaliado pelo teste Mann-Whitney e Análise de Sobrevivência. Cálculo do "Effect size" foi procedido. Os pacientes dos grupos Intervenção I e II apresentaram maior redução na temperatura corporal. A partir de 45 minutos de acompanhamento o grupo de pacientes que recebeu a Intervenção I apresentou valor da temperatura timpânica inferior a 38,3°C, os do grupo controle valor menor que 38,3°C a partir de 60 minutos e os que receberam a Intervenção II, valor menor que 38,3°C com 75 minutos de acompanhamento. Não foi encontrada diferença estatística significativa entre as intervenções, porém os pacientes do grupo Intervenção I apresentaram maior redução da temperatura timpânica em relação aos demais grupos. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos: RBR-2k3kbq.

Underscoring the Need for Social Justice Initiatives Concerning the Sexual Objectification of Women

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Szymanski, Dawn M.; Carr, Erika R.

2011-01-01

In this article, we emphasize the need to continually think outside the traditional therapy box in ways that we can intervene (and empower clients to intervene) to more directly address social problems, such as the sexual objectification of women, and to develop our own and our students' advocacy skills to intervene at the level of organizations,…

Characteristics of adolescents who intervene to stop the risky and dangerous behavior of their friends.

PubMed

Buckley, Lisa; Chapman, Rebekah L

2016-03-01

Adolescents value protecting friends from harm and report that they do intervene as bystanders in friends' risky and dangerous behavior. Moreover intervention can be effective in reducing such behaviors. The Protection-Risk Framework was used to explain bystander intervention. There were 962 students from 13 Australian high schools (mean age at time 1=13.44 years) surveyed in their 9th grade and again 1-year later when students were in 10th grade. We found that protective factors of self-efficacy, support, prosocial models, social control, and ease of opportunity related to greater intervening behavior after 12-months. Among those who reported that they had intervened in a 3-month period, a cumulative measure of protective factors was associated with their reports of intervening. Risk factors were non-significant predictors after accounting for earlier, time 1, bystander intervening behavior and demographic factors. The findings highlight potential mechanisms to promote adolescents' looking out for their friends and provide an assessment over time of bystander behavior. The theory-guided inquiry into such behavior provides a foundation on which to better develop our understanding of benefits to adolescent friendship in the injury field. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Nursing appointment and cardiometabolic control of diabetics: a randomized clinical trial.

PubMed

Teston, Elen Ferraz; Arruda, Guilherme Oliveira de; Sales, Catarina Aparecida; Serafim, Deise; Marcon, Sonia Silva

2017-01-01

to verify the effect of nursing appointment on cardiometabolic profile of people with Diabetes Mellitus type 2. randomized controlled trial, developed with 134 individuals chosen for two groups: intervention and control. The intervention consisted of three nursing appointments alternated bimonthly, with two phone calls, over five months. The control group received usual care offered by the Health Unit. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews before and after the intervention, in addition to conducting laboratory tests. after the intervention, a significant difference was shown in the amount of glycated hemoglobin (p = 0.006) and in the systolic blood pressure (p = 0.031), which were higher in the control group. besides being low-cost and easy to develop on the monitoring routine of people with diabetes, the intervention performed influenced positively the biochemical profile. verificar o efeito da consulta de enfermagem sobre o perfil cardiometabólico de pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. ensaio clínico controlado e randomizado, desenvolvido com 134 indivíduos sorteados para dois grupos: intervenção e controle. A intervenção consistiu em três consultas de enfermagem bimensais alternadas, com duas ligações telefônicas, ao longo de cinco meses. O grupo-controle recebeu os cuidados habituais oferecidos pela Unidade de Saúde. Os dados foram coletados mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas antes e após a intervenção, além da realização de exames laboratoriais. após a intervenção, foi evidenciada diferença significativa no valor da hemoglobina glicada (p=0,006) e da pressão arterial sistólica (p=0,031), que se mostraram mais elevadas no grupo-controle. a intervenção realizada, além de ser de baixo custo e de fácil desenvolvimento na rotina de acompanhamento da pessoa com diabetes, influenciou positivamente a melhora do perfil bioquímico.

College Men's Perception of the Risks and Benefits of Intervening against Sexual Assault and the Influence of Social Norms and Masculine Ideology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Buck, Stephen C.

2013-01-01

Sexual assault is a major problem facing colleges and universities, and prevention efforts have begun to examine how student peers can be encouraged to intervene as active bystanders. This study investigated what male students perceived as the most salient risks and benefits of intervening in a situation involving a hypothetical sexual assault and…

[Thick and thin zones of the neurocranium, impressiones gyrorum and foramina parietalia in children and adults (author's transl)].

PubMed

Lang, J; Brückner, B

1981-01-01

At 102 skulls from adults and 67 skulls from children we have investigated 1) The postnatal changes of the thickness from basal parts of the Fossae craniales ant., med. et post. 2) The postnatal thickening and lateral shifting of the Processus clinoideus anterior. 3) The postnatal development at the superior side of the Canalis opticus. 4) Between the Os sphenoidale Clivus angle from newborn age to 17 years of life at 67 skulls. 5) The postnatal changes of the lateral angle at the Pars petrosa and its right-left-differences. 6) The postnatal thickening of the Calvaria (Squama frontalis - Tuber frontale, Os parietale - Tuber parietale). 7) The development, size and position of the Foramina parietalia. 8) The postnatal development of the Protuberantiae gyrorum and Sulci meningei.

Issues in Intelligence Production: Summary of Interviews with Canadian Managers of Intelligence Analysts

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-12-01

la Reine (en droit du Canada), telle que représentée par le ministre de ...organisationnelles, ainsi qu’aux préjugés des analystes et des organismes du renseignement. Un tel constat exige la tenue d’un examen en profondeur de la ...processus de production du renseignement que l’on pourrait expliquer par la mise en application des connaissances et des méthodes acquises dans

The Complexity Construct in Political Psychology: Personological and Cognitive Approaches

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-02-01

raisonnement et du processus de prise de décision conciliant, ouvert et reposant sur l’information. Les deux approches font appel à une analyse de...positions in order to make room for the next generation. The elderly must resign themselves to “let go” of their family domination and employment in... employment positions. This would only contribute to an adversarial relationship (albeit reversed), where resources are still not distributed with social

Early Intervention of Didang Decoction on MLCK Signaling Pathways in Vascular Endothelial Cells of Type 2 Diabetic Rats

PubMed Central

Song, Zhenqiang; Li, Jing; Li, Chunshen

2016-01-01

In the study, type 2 diabetic rat model was established using streptozotocin (STZ) combined with a high-fat diet, and the rats were divided into control and diabetic groups. Diabetic groups were further divided into nonintervening, simvastatin, Didang Decoction (DDD) early-phase intervening, DDD mid-phase intervening, and DDD late-phase intervening groups. The expression level of MLCK was detected using Western Blot analysis, and the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), protein kinase C (PKC), and protein kinase A (PKA) were examined using Real Time PCR. Under the electron microscope, the cells in the early-DDD-intervention group and the simvastatin group were significantly more continuous and compact than those in the diabetic group. Compared with the control group, the expression of cAMP-1 and PKA was decreased in all diabetic groups, whereas the expression of MLCK and PKC was increased in early- and mid-phase DDD-intervening groups (P < 0.05); compared with the late-phase DDD-intervening group, the expression of cAMP-1 and PKA was higher, but the level of MLCK and PKC was lower in early-phase DDD-intervening group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the early use of DDD improves the permeability of vascular endothelial cells by regulating the MLCK signaling pathway. PMID:27703477

Potential value of routine contralateral patent processus vaginalis repair in children with unilateral inguinal hernia.

PubMed

Zhao, J; Chen, Y; Lin, J; Jin, Y; Yang, H; Wang, F; Zhong, H; Zhu, J

2017-01-01

The development of laparoscopy as a means of evaluation and treatment of inguinal hernia in children has raised the question of whether simultaneous closure of a contralateral patent processus vaginalis (CPPV) is justified. The present study aimed to determine the rate of metachronous inguinal hernia (MIH) in children with CPPV. Children with unilateral inguinal hernia from two hospitals underwent either open or laparoscopic repair, and were followed up for MIH. The presence of CPPV was evaluated during laparoscopy and, if detected, the CPPV was closed. The relationship between CPPV and subsequent MIH was studied. The study included children who had complete follow-up (90·0 per cent of those having open repair and 92·2 per cent of those undergoing laparoscopic repair). Of 2538 children who had open hernia repair, 62 (2·4 per cent) developed MIH (30 on the right side and 32 on the left; P = 0·015). Among 2855 children who underwent laparoscopic repair, a CPPV was identified and closed in 1469 (51·5 per cent). The rate of MIH after negative laparoscopic evaluation for CPPV was three of 2855 (0·1 per cent). There were no significant differences in the rate of CPPV between sexes and either the right or left side (P = 0·072 and P = 0·099 respectively). Ipsilateral recurrence was less frequent after laparoscopic repair: seven (0·2 per cent) versus 26 (1·0 per cent) for open repair (P < 0·001). Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair was associated with a lower recurrence rate than open repair. Routine repair of CPPV reduced the rate of subsequent MIH, but 21 CPPVs needed to be closed to prevent one MIH. © 2016 BJS Society Ltd Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Aphasic and amnesic patients' verbal vs. nonverbal retentive abilities.

PubMed

Cermak, L S; Tarlow, S

1978-03-01

Four different groups of patients (aphasics, alcoholic Korsakoffs, chronic alcoholics, and control patients) were asked to detect either repeated words presented orally, repeated words presented visually, repeated pictures or repeated shapes, during the presentation of a list of similarly constructed stimuli. It was discovered that on the verbal tasks, the number of words intervening between repetitions had more effect on the aphasics than on the other groups of patients. However, for the nonverbal picture repetition and shape repetition tasks, the aphasics' performance was normal, while the alcoholic Korsakoff patients were most affected by the number of intervening items. It was concluded that the aphasics' memory deficit demonstrated by the use of this paradigm was specific to the presentation of verbal material.

Cross-sectional survey of Good Samaritan behaviour by physicians in North Carolina.

PubMed

Garneau, William M; Harris, Dean M; Viera, Anthony J

2016-03-10

To assess the responses of physicians to providing emergency medical assistance outside of routine clinical care. We assessed the percentage who reported previous Good Samaritan behaviour, their responses to hypothetical situations, their comfort providing specific interventions and the most likely reason they would not intervene. Physicians residing in North Carolina. Convenience sample of 1000 licensed physicians. Mailed survey. Cross-sectional study conducted May 2015 to September 2015. Willingness of physicians to act as Good Samaritans as determined by the last opportunity to intervene in an out-of-office emergency. The adjusted response rate was 26.1% (253/970 delivered). 4 out of 5 physicians reported previous opportunities to act as Good Samaritans. Approximately, 93% reported acting as a Good Samaritan during their last opportunity. There were no differences in this outcome between sexes, practice setting, specialty type or experience level. Doctors with greater perceived knowledge of Good Samaritan law were more likely to have intervened during a recent opportunity (p=0.02). The most commonly cited reason for potentially not intervening was that another health provider had taken charge. We found the frequency of Good Samaritan behaviour among physicians to be much higher than reported in previous studies. Greater helping behaviour was exhibited by those who expressed more familiarity with Good Samaritan law. These findings suggest that physicians may respond to legal protections. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/

Efficacy of laparoscopically assisted high ligation of patent processus vaginalis in children.

PubMed

Ahmed, H; Youssef, M K; Salem, E A; Fawzi, A M; Desoky, E A E; Eliwa, A M; Sakr, A M N; Shahin, A M S

2016-02-01

Laparoscopic hernia repairs have been proven to be efficient and safe for children, despite the slightly higher recurrence rate compared with the classic surgical repair. They have the advantage of easy and precise identification of the type of defect and its correction, both in ipsilateral and contralateral sides. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy, safety and outcome of the laparoscopically assisted piecemeal high ligation of a patent processus vaginalis (PPV) in children. A total of 40 children were enrolled into this prospective study; they were aged ≥ 6 months and had an inguinal hernia. The peritoneal cavity, including the contralateral side, was inspected for the possibility of bilateral hernias using a 3-mm 30° telescope. Another 3-mm port was introduced through the same infra-umbilical incision. The hernia was manually reduced or with the aid of a working infra-umbilical grasper. A prolene or vicryl 2/0 or 3/0 suture on a curved semicircle round-bodied taper-ended 25-30 mm needle was introduced through a very small inguinal skin-crease incision. It was passed through the abdominal wall layers to the peritoneum and was manipulated by the laparoscopic grasper to pick up the peritoneum in piecemeal all around the internal ring. The needle was then pushed to the outside near to the entrance site, thus forming a semicircle around the internal ring. The suture was then tied and the knot was subcutaneously buried. The primary outcome of the procedure was the incidence of intraoperative diagnosis and surgical repair of contralateral hernias in pre-operatively diagnosed unilateral cases. The secondary outcomes were defined as the incidence of complications and hernia recurrence. The exploratory laparoscopy found contralateral patent processus vaginalis (CPPV) with a detection rate of 28.1%. Chan et al., Esposito et al., Toufique et al. and Niyogi et al. reported similar figures for laparoscopic contralateral hernia detection rates of 28%, 39%, 39.7% and 29.2%, respectively. The limitations of this study were the small sample size, plus the risk factors and clinical significance for CPPV. Laparascopically assisted piecemeal closure of the internal inguinal ring in children is a safe and effective procedure. It helps in detecting a contralateral hernia without prolonging the operative time. Copyright © 2015 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

[Cyclic processes in the dynamics of the population count of the taiga tick and their relation to weather and climatic conditions].

PubMed

Korotkov, Iu S

1998-01-01

The paper continues the discussion of published materials on the dynamic of Ixodes persulcatus number in mountain forests of the central part of the Krasnoyarsk region during 1958-1990 (Korotkov e. a., 1992). An unstationarity and polycyclicity of examined processus is confirmed. It is shown, that long-term and middle-term quasi-periodical fluctuations of the tick number are determined by successive changing in forest biocenoses going under the influence of respective fluctuations of the climate. The synchronization of climatic and biocenotic processes is complicatedly organized in time and is not indicated phenomenologically. Certain quasi-periodical components in their indices of the tick number and climate are quite different by their amplitude, value of phase displacement, and longevity of terms. However, these structural differences are natural and determined by peculiarities of the response reaction of I. persulcatus to different intensivity of acting factor. This reaction under extreme environment conditions, both minimal and maximal ones, leads to the same result, the decreasing of the vital activity and the tick number.

Differences in Task Behavior and Attitudes in Two Organizational Settings by Race.

DTIC Science & Technology

intervening variables such as productivity of groups, duration of speech, satisfaction, self - esteem , Bales IPA behavior. Group composition and size had a...significant effect through both studies on the self - esteem and satisfaction of black and white subordinates.

COMPREHENSIVE SUMMARY OF SLUDGE DISPOSAL RECYCLING HISTORY

EPA Science Inventory

Since 1971 the only mode of sludge disposal used by Denver District No. 1 has been land application. A number of different application procedures have been tried over the intervening years. The development of methodology and problems associated with each procedure are discussed i...

The similar effects of verbal and non-verbal intervening tasks on word recall in an elderly population.

PubMed

Williams, B R; Sullivan, S K; Morra, L F; Williams, J R; Donovick, P J

2014-01-01

Vulnerability to retroactive interference has been shown to increase with cognitive aging. Consistent with the findings of memory and aging literature, the authors of the California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT-II) suggest that a non-verbal task be administered during the test's delay interval to minimize the effects of retroactive interference on delayed recall. The goal of the present study was to determine the extent to which retroactive interference caused by non-verbal and verbal intervening tasks affects recall of verbal information in non-demented, older adults. The effects of retroactive interference on recall of words during Long-Delay recall on the California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT-II) were evaluated. Participants included 85 adults age 60 and older. During a 20-minute delay interval on the CVLT-II, participants received either a verbal (WAIS-III Vocabulary or Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-IIIB) or non-verbal (Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices or WAIS-III Block Design) intervening task. Similarly to previous research with young adults (Williams & Donovick, 2008), older adults recalled the same number of words across all groups, regardless of the type of intervening task. These findings suggest that the administration of verbal intervening tasks during the CVLT-II do not elicit more retroactive interference than non-verbal intervening tasks, and thus verbal tasks need not be avoided during the delay interval of the CVLT-II.

[A language for the psychotic deaf and their families].

PubMed

Vacola, G

1987-04-01

Deafness and psychosis are two, among the processus of recoiling from the world, where the human being's incommunicability is in question. The extreme pathology which associates them forces to establish links for the first contact with the deaf and psychotic child. Hearing means more than what the ears filter. The denial or forclosure of the uttered words is part of a psychological deafness among families and doctors. The child also plays the sense of hearing.

Numerical Simulation of the Evolution of Solidification Microstructure in Laser Deposition (Preprint)

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-08-01

the deposition process. This model is applied to Ti-6Al-4V. 1. Instruction Laser deposition is an extension of the laser cladding process...uses a focused laser beam as a heat source to create a melt pool on an underlying substrate. Powder material is then injected into the melt pool...melt pool Deposited layer Remelted zone Substrate Shielding gas Laser beam Powder The governing equations have been discretized using a

CECA Model of the JSTAFF

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

National Defence. [2] Cook, T . M., Leedom, D. K., Grynovicki, J. O., & Golden, M. G . (2000). Cognitive representativeness of battlespace complexity... planification opérationnelle et la représentation graphique de plans. Le modèle situationnel doit être organisé en un tableau intégré élaboré par le...1. Système de commandement des Forces canadiennes (2002). Modèles de processus pour la planification opérationnelle et stratégique des FC et

Health promotion messages in entertainment media: crime drama viewership and intentions to intervene in a sexual assault situation.

PubMed

Hust, Stacey J T; Marett, Emily Garrigues; Lei, Ming; Chang, Hua; Ren, Chunbo; McNab, Anna Lazárová; Adams, Paula M

2013-01-01

Popular crime dramas have tackled sensitive issues such as sexual assault with increasing frequency over the past 20 years. These popular programs increasingly demonstrate the emotional and physical effect of sexual assault on its victims, and in some instances they depict individuals being rewarded for intervening to prevent or stop an assault in progress. It is possible that this content could affect attitudes related to sexual assault prevention. However, no previous research has examined this possibility. In the fall 2008 semester, 508 undergraduates at a large northwestern university completed a questionnaire about media use and bystander intervention in a sexual assault situation. Results from hierarchical regressions lend support for the integrative model of behavioral prediction in that instrumentality, rape myth acceptance, perceived social norms, perceived efficacy related to intervening, and exposure to primetime crime dramas were associated with participants' intentions to intervene in a sexual assault. The results suggest that crime dramas may be a useful venue for prevention messages as exposure to crime dramas uniquely contributed to intentions to intervene in a sexual assault.

Surface water data and geographic relation to Tertiary age intrusions and hydrothermal alteration in the Grand Mesa, Uncompahgre, and Gunnison National Forests (GMUG) and intervening Bureau of Land Management (BLM) lands

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bove, Dana J.; Knepper, Daniel H.

2000-01-01

This data set covering the western part of Colorado includes water quality data from eight different sources (points), nine U.S. Geological Survey Digital Raster Graph (DRG) files for topographic bases, a compilation of Tertiary age intrusions (polygons and lines), and two geotiff files showing areas of hydrothermally altered rock. These data were compiled for use with an ongoing mineral resource assessment of theGrand Mesa, Uncompahgre, and Gunnison National Forests (GMUG) and intervening Bureau of Land Management(BLM) lands. This compilation was assembled to give federal land managers a preliminary view of water within sub-basinal areas, and to show possible relationships to Tertiary age intrusion and areas of hydrothermal alteration.

Adolescent Health-Compromising Behaviors: Motivating School Counselors.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nagel, Liza; Scherer, David G.; Lee, William

2000-01-01

Investigated middle and high school counselors' perceptions of adolescent health-compromising behaviors and motivations to intervene. Data from a survey based on protection motivation theory showed differences in counselors' perceptions of the severity of risk-taking behaviors. Perceptions were highly correlated with intentions to seek out…

Management of Symptomatic Floaters: Current Attitudes, Beliefs, and Practices Among Vitreoretinal Surgeons.

PubMed

Cohen, Michael N; Rahimy, Ehsan; Ho, Allen C; Garg, Sunir J

2015-09-01

To assess the current attitudes, beliefs, and practice patterns among vitreoretinal surgeons when dealing with symptomatic floaters in patients with otherwise healthy eyes. A cross-sectional, Internet-based anonymous survey of 10 questions was distributed via email to vitreoretinal specialists practicing in the United States. The survey response rate was 6.1% (159 of 2,600). Forty of 159 respondents (25%) reported they would perform pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) to reduce symptomatic floaters, and 110 of 159 (69%) had previously performed PPV for this indication. When compared to those unlikely to intervene for symptomatic floaters, 33 of 40 (83%) of those likely to intervene performed more than 100 vitrectomy surgical cases annually (P<.05). Between those that had and had not performed PPV for symptomatic floaters in the past, statistically significant differences were observed regarding the likelihood to perform PPV for symptomatic floaters in the future (35% vs. 4%; P<.0001) and tendency to elect a procedure if the surgeon's own vision were impacted by symptomatic floaters (55% vs. 8%; P<.001). When compared to those likely to perform surgery for symptomatic floaters, those unlikely to intervene identified three statistically significant barriers: the surgical risks involved with PPV (28% vs. 86%; P<.001), unrealistic patient expectations (25% vs 58%; P<.001), and the possibility of ridicule from the local retina community (10% vs. 32%; P<.01). Vitreoretinal specialists are more likely to intervene for symptomatic floaters if they have previously done so and if they perform more than 100 surgical cases per year. The major barriers preventing physicians from performing an intervention for floaters are standard risks associated with PPV, the fear of unreasonable patient expectations, and the possibility of ridicule within the local retina community. Copyright 2015, SLACK Incorporated.

Neurophysiology of Hungarian subject-verb dependencies with varying intervening complexity.

PubMed

Jolsvai, Hajnal; Sussman, Elyse; Csuhaj, Roland; Csépe, Valéria

2011-12-01

Non-adjacent dependencies are thought to be more costly to process than sentences wherein dependents immediately follow or precede what they depend on. In English locality effects have been revealed, while in languages with rich case marking (German and Hindi) sentence final structures show anti-locality-effects. The motivation of the current study is to test whether locality effects can be directly applied to a typologically different language than those investigated so far. Hungarian is a "topic prominent" language; it permits a variation of possible word sequencing for semantic reasons, including SVO word order. Hungarian also has a rich morphological system (e.g., rich case system) and postpositions to indicate grammatical functions. In the present ERP study, Hungarian subject-verb dependencies were compared by manipulating the mismatch of number agreement between the sentence's initial noun phrase and the sentence's final intransitive verb as well as the complexity of the intervening sentence material, interrupting the dependencies. Possible lexical class and frequency or cloze-probability effects for the first two words of the intervening sentence material were revealed when used separate baseline for each word, while at the third word of the intervening material as well as at the main verb ERPs were not modulated by complexity but at the verb ERPs were enhanced by grammaticality. Ungrammatical sentences enlarged the amplitude of both LAN and P600 components at the main verb. These results are in line with studies suggesting that the retrieval of the first element of a dependency is not influenced by distance from the second element, as the first element is directly accessible when needed for integration (e.g., McElree, 2000). Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Contrôle cohérent de la dynamique de fragmentation d'agrégats alcalins

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lindinger, A.; Lupulescu, C.; Le Roux, J.; Bartelt, A.; Vajda, Š.; Wöste, L.

2004-11-01

Les agrégats métalliques présentent des propriétés extraordinaires, en particulier chimiques et catalytiques, qui dépendent fortement de leur taille. Ce comportement en fait des candidats idéaux pour l'analyse en temps réel de processus photo-induits ultrarapides, le but ultime étant la conduite de scénarios de contrôle cohérent. Nous avons réalisé des expériences d'ionisation multiphotonique non stationnaire sur de petits agrégats alcalins de différentes tailles et dans différents états électroniques rovibrationnels, y compris leur état fondamental, sondant ainsi leur dynamique ondulatoire, leur orientation structurelle, leur transfert de charge et leur dissociation. Les processus observés dépendent grandement des paramètres du faisceau laser d'excitation, tels que sa phase, son amplitude et sa durée ; cette sensibilité plaide pour l'emploi d'un système de contrôle rétroactif permettant de générer les formes d'impulsion optimales. Les caractéristiques spectrales et temporelles de ces dernières reflètent les propriétés du système étudié ainsi que les processus photochimiques que l'irradiation y induit. Nous présentons d'abord la dynamique vibrationelle d'états électroniques excités, liés, dissociatifs et prédissociatifs, des dimères et trimères alcalins. Suit une description du principe d'observation par pompage optique par effet Raman stimulé de la dynamique d'un paquet d'onde dans l'état électronique fondamental. Puisque les paramètres de l'impulsion d'excitation influencent de façon significative le poids des différentes trajectoires dans l'espace des phases, nous avons mené des expériences sur les canaux de fragmentation concurrents d'une réaction photo-induite, en étudiant les différents embranchements des voies d'ionisation et de fragmentation de Na{2}K excité électroniquement. L'utilisation d'un algorithme évolutif, pour l'optimisation de la phase et de l'amplitude de l'onde électromagnétique appliquée, permit d'influencer significativement la quantité résultante d'ions parents ou fragments. Des propriétés intéressantes sont déduites de la forme des impulsions laser optimales obtenues, qui révèlent la période de vibration moléculaire et qui, combinées aux courbes de potentiel, permettent de proposer les trajectoires que l'optimisation impose aux paquets d'onde. Pour finir, nous avons étudié comment une variété plus grande d'agrégats, en contribuant au canal de fragmentation NaK, influe sur la forme optimale d'impulsion. Là encore, la structure de cette dernière apporte des éclaircissements sur les canaux de fragmentation empruntés durant le processus de contrôle.

Déprescrire les inhibiteurs de la pompe à protons

PubMed Central

Farrell, Barbara; Pottie, Kevin; Thompson, Wade; Boghossian, Taline; Pizzola, Lisa; Rashid, Farah Joy; Rojas-Fernandez, Carlos; Walsh, Kate; Welch, Vivian; Moayyedi, Paul

2017-01-01

Résumé Objectif Formuler des lignes directrices fondées sur les données probantes pour aider les cliniciens à décider du moment et de la façon sécuritaire de réduire la dose des inhibiteurs de la pompe à protons (IPP) ou d’en arrêter le traitement; se concentrer sur le niveau le plus élevé des données disponibles et obtenir les commentaires des professionnels de première ligne durant le processus de rédaction, de révision et d’adoption des lignes directrices. Méthodologie L’équipe était formée de 5 professionnels de la santé (1 médecin de famille, 3 pharmaciens et 1 gastro-entérologue) et de 5 membres sans droit de vote; les membres ont divulgué tout conflit d’intérêts. Le processus d’élaboration des lignes directrices a eu recours à l’approche GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation), de même qu’à un examen minutieux des données probantes dans le cadre de rencontres en personne, au téléphone et en ligne. Particulièrement, le processus d’élaboration des lignes directrices a inclus une revue systématique d’essais portant sur la déprescription des IPP et un examen de comptes rendus sur les torts liés à l’emploi continu des IPP. Les synthèses narratives sur les préférences des patients ainsi que les publications traitant des répercussions sur les ressources ont éclairé les recommandations. L’équipe a peaufiné le texte sur le contenu et les recommandations des lignes directrices par consensus, et a synthétisé les considérations cliniques afin de répondre aux questions courantes des cliniciens de première ligne. Une version préliminaire des lignes directrices a été distribuée aux cliniciens, puis aux associations de professionnels de la santé aux fins d’examen, et des révisions ont été apportées au texte à chaque étape. Un algorithme d’appui décisionnel a été conçu de concert avec les lignes directrices. Recommandations Les présentes lignes directrices recommandent de déprescrire les IPP (réduire la dose, mettre fin au traitement ou passer à l’administration « sur demande ») chez les adultes qui ont terminé un traitement d’au moins 4 semaines avec un IPP contre le pyrosis, l’œsophagite ou le reflux gastro-œsophagien léger à modéré, et dont les symptômes sont disparus. Les recommandations ne s’appliquent pas aux patients atteints ou qui ont déjà été atteints de l’œsophage de Barrett, d’une œsophagite grave de stade C ou D, ou d’antécédents connus d’ulcères gastro-intestinaux hémorragiques. Conclusion Les présentes lignes directrices émettent des recommandations pratiques pour décider du moment et de la façon de réduire la dose des inhibiteurs de la pompe à protons (IPP) ou d’en arrêter le traitement. Elles visent à contribuer au processus de décision conjointement avec le patient et non à dicter la décision.

Effects of the Fataki campaign: addressing cross-generational sex in Tanzania by mobilizing communities to intervene.

PubMed

Kaufman, Michelle R; Mooney, Alyssa; Kamala, Benjamin; Modarres, Najmeh; Karam, Robert; Ng'wanansabi, Deo

2013-07-01

The national multimedia "Fataki" campaign aired in Tanzania from 2008 to 2011 with the goal of addressing cross-generational sex (CGS) by mobilizing communities to intervene in CGS relationships. A cross-sectional household survey was used to evaluate the campaign. Logistic regression analysis found a dose-response relationship between campaign exposure and interpersonal communication about CGS, intervening in CGS relationships, and lower CGS engagement among women. No association was found between campaign exposure and current CGS involvement among men, though longer-term data collection may be needed to assess changes in relationship patterns. Findings indicated that engaging in interpersonal communication about CGS was associated with a higher likelihood of actually intervening. Strategies to generate further discussion surrounding CGS and increase impact, such as through community-based components to supplement campaigns, are discussed.

Efficiency improvement of dentistry clinics: introducing an intervening package for dentistry clinics, isfahan, iran.

PubMed

Alaghemandan, Hamed; Yarmohammadian, Mohammad H; Khorasani, Elahe; Rezaee, Sobhan

2014-02-01

In Isfahan, the second metropolitan in Iran, there are 1448 dentistry treatment centers that most of them are inefficient. Today, efficiency is the most important issue in health care centers as well as dentistry clinics. The goal of this research is to investigate the affordability and efficiency of dentistry clinics in Isfahan province, Iran. The current work is a quantitative research, designed in three methodological steps, including two surveys and experimental studies, for understanding current deficiencies of Iranian dentistry clinics. First, we ran a survey. Then, we analyzed the results of the questionnaires which guided us to find a particular intervening package to improve the efficiency of the clinics. At the second step, we chose an inefficient clinic named Mohtasham (Iran, Isfahan) to evaluate our intervening package. Based on what the interviewees answered, we mention the most important issues to be considered for improving the efficiency of dental clinics in Isfahan. By considering mentioned problematic issues, an intervening package was designed. This intervening package was applied in Mohtasham clinic, since June 2010. It improved the clinic's income from 16328 US$ with 4125 clients in 2010, to 420,000 US$ with 14784 patients in 2012. The proposed intervening package changed this clinic to an efficient and economic one. Its income increased 5.08 times and its patient's numbers grew 4.01 times simultaneously. In other words, Mohtasham's experience demonstrates the reliability of the package and its potentiality to be applied in macro level to improve other dentistry clinics.

A Multicontextual Model of Counseling: Bridging Brevity and Diversity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steenbarger, Brett N.

1993-01-01

Comparison and contrast of brief therapy and multicultural counseling highlighting the tension created by their different developmental assumptions. An integrative, multicontextual model of counseling that bridges this gap by intervening at the interface between individuals and their physical, social, and cultural contexts is outlined. (Author/SR)

How Does Lesson Study Improve Mathematics Instruction?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lewis, Catherine

2016-01-01

This article presents a theoretical model of lesson study's impact on instruction, through intervening impact on teachers' knowledge, beliefs and dispositions, teachers' learning community, and curriculum. It also describes four different types of lesson study in Japan, pointing out their synergies in producing a system where local teachers…

Classroom Problems That Won't Go Away.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Warner, Laverne; Lynch, Sharon

2003-01-01

Discusses chronic behavior problems that occur in early childhood classrooms and the need to intervene at an early age to prevent continued conduct problems. Examines different kinds of challenging behaviors and motivations for them. Suggests intervention methods to prevent antisocial behavior and strategies for teaching children alternative…

Executable Architecture of Net Enabled Operations: State Machine of Federated Nodes

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-11-01

verbal descriptions from operators) of the current Command and Control (C2) practices into model form. In theory these should be Standard Operating...faudra une grande quantité de données pour faire en sorte que le modèle reflète les processus véritables, les auteurs recommandent que la machine à...descriptions from operators) of the current C2 practices into model form. In theory these should be SOPs that execute as a thread from start to finish. The

Improving Common Security Risk Analysis (Amelioration d’un processus commun d’analyse de risques securite)

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-01

publication has been reproduced directly from material supplied by RTO or the authors. Published September 2008 Copyright © RTO/NATO 2008 All Rights...requirements are met at each level within the composed system, a chain of belief is formed which provides assurance that the composed system is in...FAILURE OF AIR-CONDITIONING x 12 – LOSS OF POWER SUPPLY x 13 – FAILURE OF TELECOMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT x 4 – Disturbance Due to

Sur les processus linéaires de naissance et de mort sous-critiques dans un environnement aléatoire.

PubMed

Bacaër, Nicolas

2017-07-01

An explicit formula is found for the rate of extinction of subcritical linear birth-and-death processes in a random environment. The formula is illustrated by numerical computations of the eigenvalue with largest real part of the truncated matrix for the master equation. The generating function of the corresponding eigenvector satisfies a Fuchsian system of singular differential equations. A particular attention is set on the case of two environments, which leads to Riemann's differential equation.

Canadian Forces Education and Training for Interagency Operational Contexts (Education et Instruction des Forces Canadiennes Pour les Contextes Operationnels Interorganisationnels)

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-11-01

organismes gouvernementaux dans le processus de planification opérationnelle (PPO) des FC. Le rapport se termine par des recommandations de travaux...B.D., THOMSON, M.H., BROWN, A.L., SARTORI, J.A., TAYLOR, T.E., WALDHERR, S.U. 2008. Organizational trust in the Canadian Forces. DRDC T No. CR2008...enablers for distributed team collaboration. DRDC T No. CR2007-137. Toronto, ON: Defence Research and Development Canada. FUGLESTAD, P.T., SNYDER

Risk-Based Tailoring of the Verification, Validation, and Accreditation/Acceptance Processes (Adaptation fondee sur le risque, des processus de verification, de validation, et d’accreditation/d’acceptation)

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-04-01

Systems Concepts and Integration SET Sensors and Electronics Technology SISO Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization SIW Simulation...conjunction with 2006 Fall SIW 2006 September SISO Standards Activity Committee approved beginning IEEE balloting 2006 October IEEE Project...019 published 2008 June Edinborough, UK Held in conjunction with 2008 Euro- SIW 2008 September Laurel, MD, US Work on Composite Model 2008 December

Proceedings of the International Conference on Algebraic Methodology and Software Technology (2nd) Held in Iowa City, Iowa on May 22-25, 1991.

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-05-25

d’Etat, University of Paris-Sud. [Boudol 84] G. Boudol, An asynchronous calculus MEIJE, in NATO summer school, La - Colle - sur - Loup , France (1984). [Da...on the propositional p-calculus. Theoretical Comput. Sci., 27:333-354, 1983. [12] M. Nivat. Sur la synchronisation des processus. Revue Technique...Meulen, E.A. Deriving In- Traynor, 0., de la Cruz, P., Uniform (Meta- ) De- cremental Implementations from Algebraic Specifica- velopment in the PROSPECTRA

The assisted presentations of self in nursing home life.

PubMed

Næss, Anders; Fjær, Eivind Grip; Vabø, Mia

2016-02-01

In this paper, based on ethnographic data from five nursing homes, we introduce the concept of assisted self-presentation as an analytical tool for exploring how different care practices affect nursing home residents' dignity and sense of self. Practices of assisted self-presentation are geared at recognizing and preserving the individuality and autonomy of residents in situations where it may otherwise come under threat or be misrecognized. Sufficient or appropriate forms of attentiveness to residents' selves and sense of dignity is thus a matter of finding the right balance between intervening too much or too little in residents' production of their physical or social appearance. Here, staff-members' knowledge and recognition of the individuality of residents is essential. Whereas intervening too much in residents' appearance or performance of self might be perceived and experienced as pacifying, infantilizing, or as paternalistic overbearingness, intervening too little might be seen as neglectfulness or inhumane. Since practices of assisted self-presentation refer to a kind of social action, which will always be contingent upon the specific capacities and conditions of performing actors, it allows for the simultaneous recognition of failed or perverted work practices as well as promising practices through which residents' selves are successfully recognized. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

See Something, Do Something: Predicting Sexual Assault Bystander Intentions in the U.S. Military.

PubMed

Holland, Kathryn J; Rabelo, Verónica Caridad; Cortina, Lilia

2016-09-01

Sexual assault is a pervasive problem in the U.S. military, especially against women. Bystander intervention is increasingly promoted as important for reducing sexual violence, and it may be particularly helpful in contexts with high rates of sexual violence. Bystander training encourages and enables people to intervene safely and stop sexual violence. In this study, we drew from an ecological model to investigate intrapersonal, microsystem, and exosystem factors that predicted Service members' assumption of personal responsibility to intervene in an alcohol-involved sexual assault. Moreover, we examined how these predictors played a role in decisions about how to intervene: confronting the perpetrator, assisting the victim, or finding someone to help. We analyzed data from 24,610 active duty personnel collected by the Department of Defense. Several factors significantly related to Service members' bystander intentions: gender, rank, morale, attitudes about sexual assault, training, and trust in the military sexual assault system predicted the likelihood and method of bystander intervention. These findings help identify how and why people intervene (or fail to intervene) when they witness situations that could develop into sexual violence. © Society for Community Research and Action 2016.

Revisiting the destination ranking procedure in development of an Intervening Opportunities Model for public transit trip distribution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nazem, Mohsen; Trépanier, Martin; Morency, Catherine

2015-01-01

An Enhanced Intervening Opportunities Model (EIOM) is developed for Public Transit (PT). This is a distribution supply dependent model, with single constraints on trip production for work trips during morning peak hours (6:00 a.m.-9:00 a.m.) within the Island of Montreal, Canada. Different data sets, including the 2008 Origin-Destination (OD) survey of the Greater Montreal Area, the 2006 Census of Canada, GTFS network data, along with the geographical data of the study area, are used. EIOM is a nonlinear model composed of socio-demographics, PT supply data and work location attributes. An enhanced destination ranking procedure is used to calculate the number of spatially cumulative opportunities, the basic variable of EIOM. For comparison, a Basic Intervening Opportunities Model (BIOM) is developed by using the basic destination ranking procedure. The main difference between EIOM and BIOM is in the destination ranking procedure: EIOM considers the maximization of a utility function composed of PT Level Of Service and number of opportunities at the destination, along with the OD trip duration, whereas BIOM is based on a destination ranking derived only from OD trip durations. Analysis confirmed that EIOM is more accurate than BIOM. This study presents a new tool for PT analysts, planners and policy makers to study the potential changes in PT trip patterns due to changes in socio-demographic characteristics, PT supply, and other factors. Also it opens new opportunities for the development of more accurate PT demand models with new emergent data such as smart card validations.

"Life" and Education Policy: Intervention, Augmentation and Computation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gulson, Kalervo N.; Webb, P. Taylor

2018-01-01

In this paper, we are interested in the notion of multiple ways of thinking, knowing and transforming life, namely an increasing capacity to intervene in "life" as a "molecular biopolitics," and the changing ways in which "life" can be understood computationally. We identify and speculate on the ways different ideas…

Contrasts in the Self-Esteem of Unwed Teenage Mothers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Streetman, Lee G.

1987-01-01

Measured self-esteem of 93 unmarried adolescent females upon entry into several state-sponsored training programs. Discovered significant differences concerning the impact of early motherhood on subjects. Symbolic importance of motherhood, as a passage into adult status, and intervening effects of normative group anchorage may mediate between…

Do object refixations during scene viewing indicate rehearsal in visual working memory?

PubMed

Zelinsky, Gregory J; Loschky, Lester C; Dickinson, Christopher A

2011-05-01

Do refixations serve a rehearsal function in visual working memory (VWM)? We analyzed refixations from observers freely viewing multiobject scenes. An eyetracker was used to limit the viewing of a scene to a specified number of objects fixated after the target (intervening objects), followed by a four-alternative forced choice recognition test. Results showed that the probability of target refixation increased with the number of fixated intervening objects, and these refixations produced a 16% accuracy benefit over the first five intervening-object conditions. Additionally, refixations most frequently occurred after fixations on only one to two other objects, regardless of the intervening-object condition. These behaviors could not be explained by random or minimally constrained computational models; a VWM component was required to completely describe these data. We explain these findings in terms of a monitor-refixate rehearsal system: The activations of object representations in VWM are monitored, with refixations occurring when these activations decrease suddenly.

A comparative study of intervening and associated H I 21-cm absorption profiles in redshifted galaxies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Curran, S. J.; Duchesne, S. W.; Divoli, A.; Allison, J. R.

2016-11-01

The star-forming reservoir in the distant Universe can be detected through H I 21-cm absorption arising from either cool gas associated with a radio source or from within a galaxy intervening the sightline to the continuum source. In order to test whether the nature of the absorber can be predicted from the profile shape, we have compiled and analysed all of the known redshifted (z ≥ 0.1) H I 21-cm absorption profiles. Although between individual spectra there is too much variation to assign a typical spectral profile, we confirm that associated absorption profiles are, on average, wider than their intervening counterparts. It is widely hypothesized that this is due to high-velocity nuclear gas feeding the central engine, absent in the more quiescent intervening absorbers. Modelling the column density distribution of the mean associated and intervening spectra, we confirm that the additional low optical depth, wide dispersion component, typical of associated absorbers, arises from gas within the inner parsec. With regard to the potential of predicting the absorber type in the absence of optical spectroscopy, we have implemented machine learning techniques to the 55 associated and 43 intervening spectra, with each of the tested models giving a ≳ 80 per cent accuracy in the prediction of the absorber type. Given the impracticability of follow-up optical spectroscopy of the large number of 21-cm detections expected from the next generation of large radio telescopes, this could provide a powerful new technique with which to determine the nature of the absorbing galaxy.

Ligament, nerve, and blood vessel anatomy of the lateral zone of the lumbar intervertebral foramina.

PubMed

Yuan, Shi-Guo; Wen, You-Liang; Zhang, Pei; Li, Yi-Kai

2015-11-01

To provide an anatomical basis for intrusive treatment using an approach through the lateral zones of the lumbar intervertebral foramina (LIF), especially for acupotomology lysis, percutaneous transforaminal endoscopy, and lumbar nerve root block. Blood vessels, ligaments, nerves, and adjacent structures of ten cadavers were exposed through the L1-2 to L5-S1 intervertebral foramina and examined. The lateral zones of the LIF were almost filled by ligaments, nerves, and blood vessels, which were separated into compartments by superior/inferior transforaminal ligaments and corporotransverse superior/inferior ligaments. Two zones relatively lacking in blood vessels and nerves (triangular working zones) were found beside the lamina of the vertebral arch and on the root of the transverse processus. Both the ascending lumbar vein and branches of the intervetebral vein were observed in 12 Kambin's triangles, and in only seven Kambin's triangles were without any veins. Nerves and blood vessels are fixed and protected by transforaminal ligaments and/or corporotransverse ligaments. It is necessary to distinguish the ligaments from nerves using transforaminal endoscopy so that the ligaments can be cut without damaging nerves. Care needs to be taken in intrusive operations because of the veins running through Kambin's triangle. We recommend injecting into the lamina of the vertebral arch and the midpoint between the adjacent roots of the transverse processus when administering nerve root block. Blind percutaneous incision and acupotomology lysis is dangerous in the lateral zones of the LIF, as they are filled with nerves and blood vessels.

Do retractile testes have anatomical anomalies?

PubMed Central

Anderson, Kleber M.; Costa, Suelen F.; Sampaio, Francisco J.B.; Favorito, Luciano A.

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT Objectives: To assess the incidence of anatomical anomalies in patients with retractile testis. Materials and Methods: We studied prospectively 20 patients (28 testes) with truly retractile testis and compared them with 25 human fetuses (50 testes) with testis in scrotal position. We analyzed the relations among the testis, epididymis and patency of the processus vaginalis (PV). To analyze the relations between the testis and epididymis, we used a previous classification according to epididymis attachment to the testis and the presence of epididymis atresia. To analyze the structure of the PV, we considered two situations: obliteration of the PV and patency of the PV. We used the Chi-square test for contingency analysis of the populations under study (p <0.05). Results: The fetuses ranged in age from 26 to 35 weeks post-conception (WPC) and the 20 patients with retractile testis ranged in ages from 1 to 12 years (average of 5.8). Of the 50 fetal testes, we observed complete patency of the PV in 2 cases (4%) and epididymal anomalies (EAs) in 1 testis (2%). Of the 28 retractile testes, we observed patency of the PV in 6 cases (21.4%) and EA in 4 (14.28%). When we compared the incidence of EAs and PV patency we observed a significantly higher prevalence of these anomalies in retractile testes (p=0.0116). Conclusions: Retractile testis is not a normal variant with a significant risk of patent processus vaginalis and epididymal anomalies. PMID:27564294

On the shedding of impaled droplets: The role of transient intervening layers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stamatopoulos, Christos; Schutzius, Thomas M.; Köppl, Christian J.; Hayek, Nicolas El; Maitra, Tanmoy; Hemrle, Jaroslav; Poulikakos, Dimos

2016-01-01

Maintaining the non-wetting property of textured hydrophobic surfaces is directly related to the preservation of an intervening fluid layer (gaseous or immiscible liquid) between the droplet and substrate; once displaced, it cannot be recovered spontaneously as the fully penetrated Wenzel wetting state is energetically favorable. Here, we identify pathways for the “lifting” of droplets from the surface texture, enabling a complete Wenzel-to-Cassie-Baxter wetting state transition. This is accomplished by the hemiwicking of a transient (limited lifetime due to evaporation) low surface tension (LST) liquid, which is capable of self-assembling as an intervening underlayer, lifting the droplet from its impaled state and facilitating a skating-like behavior. In the skating phase, a critical substrate tilting angle is identified, up to which underlayer and droplet remain coupled exhibiting a pseudo-Cassie-Baxter state. For greater titling angles, the droplet, driven by inertia, detaches itself from the liquid intervening layer and transitions to a traditional Cassie-Baxter wetting state, thereby accelerating and leaving the underlayer behind. A model is also presented that elucidates the mechanism of mobility recovery. Ultimately, this work provides a better understanding of multiphase mass transfer of immiscible LST liquid-water mixtures with respect to establishing facile methods towards retaining intervening layers.

On the shedding of impaled droplets: The role of transient intervening layers

PubMed Central

Stamatopoulos, Christos; Schutzius, Thomas M.; Köppl, Christian J.; Hayek, Nicolas El; Maitra, Tanmoy; Hemrle, Jaroslav; Poulikakos, Dimos

2016-01-01

Maintaining the non-wetting property of textured hydrophobic surfaces is directly related to the preservation of an intervening fluid layer (gaseous or immiscible liquid) between the droplet and substrate; once displaced, it cannot be recovered spontaneously as the fully penetrated Wenzel wetting state is energetically favorable. Here, we identify pathways for the “lifting” of droplets from the surface texture, enabling a complete Wenzel-to-Cassie-Baxter wetting state transition. This is accomplished by the hemiwicking of a transient (limited lifetime due to evaporation) low surface tension (LST) liquid, which is capable of self-assembling as an intervening underlayer, lifting the droplet from its impaled state and facilitating a skating-like behavior. In the skating phase, a critical substrate tilting angle is identified, up to which underlayer and droplet remain coupled exhibiting a pseudo-Cassie-Baxter state. For greater titling angles, the droplet, driven by inertia, detaches itself from the liquid intervening layer and transitions to a traditional Cassie-Baxter wetting state, thereby accelerating and leaving the underlayer behind. A model is also presented that elucidates the mechanism of mobility recovery. Ultimately, this work provides a better understanding of multiphase mass transfer of immiscible LST liquid-water mixtures with respect to establishing facile methods towards retaining intervening layers. PMID:26743806

Proform-Antecedent Linking in Individuals with Agrammatic Aphasia: A Test of the Intervener Hypothesis.

PubMed

Engel, Samantha; Shapiro, Lewis P; Love, Tracy

2018-02-01

To evaluate processing and comprehension of pronouns and reflexives in individuals with agrammatic (Broca's) aphasia and age-matched control participants. Specifically, we evaluate processing and comprehension patterns in terms of a specific hypothesis -- the Intervener Hypothesis - that posits that the difficulty of individuals with agrammatic (Broca's) aphasia results from similarity-based interference caused by the presence of an intervening NP between two elements of a dependency chain. We used an eye tracking-while-listening paradigm to investigate real-time processing (Experiment 1) and a sentence-picture matching task to investigate final interpretive comprehension (Experiment 2) of sentences containing proforms in complement phrase and subject relative constructions. Individuals with agrammatic aphasia demonstrated a greater proportion of gazes to the correct referent of reflexives relative to pronouns and significantly greater comprehension accuracy of reflexives relative to pronouns. These results provide support for the Intervener Hypothesis, previous support for which comes from studies of Wh- questions and unaccusative verbs, and we argue that this account provides an explanation for the deficits of individuals with agrammatic aphasia across a growing set of sentence constructions. The current study extends this hypothesis beyond filler-gap dependencies to referential dependencies and allows us to refine the hypothesis in terms of the structural constraints that meet the description of the Intervener Hypothesis.

Cerro Prieto reinjection tests: studies of a multilayer system

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tsang, C.F.; Mangold, D.C.; Doughty, C.

1981-01-01

The response of the two-reservoir system to reinjection was modeled assuming a semi-realistic vertical distribution of materials. Different depths of production and reinjection, and the possible influence of an intervening layer of lower permeability between these two depths were incorporated into the model. Reinjection at different depths and at different flowrates was studied in order to analyze the thermohydrological responses of this two-layered reservoir system to a number of possible reinjection schemes.

Utilisation de lignes directrices dans le cadre de l’implantation de cabinets automatisés décentralisés en établissement de santé

PubMed Central

Brisseau, Lionel; Bussières, Jean-François; Lebel, Denis; Atkinson, Suzanne; Robinette, Louise; Fortin, Sylvie; Lemay, Michel

2011-01-01

RÉSUMÉ Contexte : Il existe peu de données sur les conséquences de l’utilisation des cabinets automatisés décentralisés (CAD) en établissements de santé. Méthode : Il s’agit d’une étude descriptive de la conformité des pratiques par rapport à des lignes directrices publiées dans le cadre de l’implantation de CAD. L’objectif principal de l’étude est d’évaluer la conformité globale et celle de chaque processus du circuit du médicament. L’étude se déroule au sein du Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine, un établissement mère–enfant de 500 lits. À partir des lignes directrices portant sur l’utilisation sécuritaire des CAD de l’Institute for Safe Medication Practice (aux États-Unis) (2008) et de son outil d’autoévaluation (2009), nous avons évalué la conformité de la pratique à 30 jours et à 120 jours après l’implantation. Résultats : Nous avons procédé de novembre 2009 à avril 2010 à l’implantation de sept stations de CAD au sein du CHU Sainte-Justine. Le profil de conformité est passé de 66 % à 74 % de janvier à avril 2010. Pour chaque processus relatif à l’utilisation sécuritaire des CAD, nous présentons une brève description des critères ainsi que les éléments de non-conformité liés à la technologie ou aux aspects organisationnels. Pour chaque élément de non-conformité, nous avons déterminé les actions requises auprès du fabricant afin de modifier l’équipement (c. à .d. aspects technologiques) et auprès de l’établissement afin de modifier les modalités d’utilisation (aspects organisationnels) en précisant le ou les processus impliqués. Conclusion : Cette étude décrit la conformité des pratiques au CHU Sainte-Justine par rapport à des lignes directrices publiées par l’Institute for Safe Medication Practices. L’utilisation de lignes directrices dans le cadre de l’implantation de cabinets automatisés décentralisés en établissement peut aider à guider les actions tant sur le plan technologique qu’organisationnel. PMID:22479039

Parents' Judgments of the Acceptability and Importance of Socially Interactive Robots for Intervening with Young Children with Disabilities. Social Robots Research Reports, Number 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dunst, Carl J.; Trivette, Carol M.; Prior, Jeremy; Hamby, Deborah W.; Embler, Davon

2013-01-01

A number of different types of socially interactive robots are being used as part of interventions with young children with disabilities to promote their joint attention and language skills. Parents' judgments of two dimensions (acceptance and importance) of the social validity of four different social robots were the focus of the study described…

[Reproductive physiology in New World camelids. Review].

PubMed

Gauly, M

1997-01-01

Liamas and alpacas have gained international popularity over the last years. Therefore veterinarians are often asked to intervene in clinical management of different problems, especially reproductive problems. In this review the author attempts to summarize the material presented on the reproductive anatomy, physiology, behavior, embryo transfer and artificial insemination procedure of these animals.

When and where to intervene? Coastal nutrient loading, groundwater travel times, and estuary dynamics

EPA Science Inventory

There is often a difference between the timing of an intervention in a natural system and the resultant impact. Delays in the transport of pollutants from sources, inertia in the effects of policy on economic actors, and long-term memory in natural systems, turn environmental man...

Integrating a Learning Management System with a Student Assignments Digital Repository. A Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Díaz, Javier; Schiavoni, Alejandra; Osorio, María Alejandra; Amadeo, Ana Paola; Charnelli, María Emilia

2013-01-01

The integration of different platforms and information Systems in the academic environment is highly important and quite a challenge within the field of Information Technology. This integration allows for higher resource availability and improved interaction among intervening actors. In the field of e-Learning, where Learning Management Systems…

Intervening or Ignoring: Learning about Teaching in New Times

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blaise, Mindy; Elsden-Clifton, Jennifer

2007-01-01

In response to the rise of collaborative learning within education, two teacher educators redesigned their courses to explore the complexities of pedagogy within a New Learning framework. Multi-age grouping provided opportunities for pre-service teachers to work with others from different year levels on an interdisciplinary assessment task. As a…

Successful grafting in poplar species (Populus spp.) breeding

Treesearch

A. Assibi Mahama; Brian Sparks; Ronald S., Zalesny; Richard B. Hall

2006-01-01

Poor rooting of Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh hardwood cuttings often has contributed to delays in breeding progress as a result of failures of scion wood before and/or after pollination. Seventeen clones were used, and the study was conducted in the greenhouse to test an "intervenous feeding" (IV) method, along with three different...

Investigating the role of charge on cotton materials designed to intervene in the hemostatic and inflammatory stages of wound healing

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Recent developments in cellulose wound dressings targeted to different stages of wound healing have been based on structural and charge modifications that function to modulate events in the complex inflammatory and haemostatic phases of wound healing. Hemostasis and inflammation comprise two overlap...

Why the Future Doesn't Come from Machines: Unfounded Prophecies and the Design of Naturoids

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Negrotti, Massimo

2008-01-01

Technological imagination and actual technological achievements have always been two very different things. Sudden and unpredictable events always seem to intervene between our visions regarding possible futures and the subsequent concrete realizations. Thus, our ideas and projects are continually being redirected. In the field of…

Teacher and staff perceptions of school environment as predictors of student aggression, victimization, and willingness to intervene in bullying situations.

PubMed

Espelage, Dorothy L; Polanin, Joshua R; Low, Sabina K

2014-09-01

This study examines how teacher and staff perceptions of the school environment correlate with student self-reports of bullying, aggression, victimization, and willingness to intervene in bullying incidents using multi-informant, multilevel modeling. Data were derived from 3,616 6th grade students across 36 middle schools in the Midwest, who completed survey measures of bullying, aggression, victimization, and willingness to intervene in bullying situations. Teachers and staff (n = 1,447) completed a school environment survey. Bivariate associations between school-level and student self-reports indicated that as teacher and staff perceive aggression as a problem in their school, students reported greater bully perpetration, fighting, peer victimization, and less willingness to intervene. Further, as staff and teacher report greater commitment to prevent bullying and viewed positive teacher and student relationships, there was less bullying, fighting, and peer victimization, and greater willingness to intervene. In a model where all school environment scales were entered together, a school commitment to prevent bullying was associated with less bullying, fighting, and peer victimization. Student-reports of bully perpetration and peer victimization were largely explained by staff and teacher commitment to bully prevention, whereas fighting and willingness to intervene were largely explained by student characteristics (e.g., gender). We conclude that efforts to address bullying and victimization should involve support from the school administration. School psychologists should play an active role in the school climate improvement process, by creating a school climate council consisting of students, parents, and teachers; administering school climate measures; identifying specific school improvement targets from these data, and engaging all stakeholders in the ongoing school improvement plan. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved.

Contralateral metachronous hernia following negative laparoscopic evaluation for contralateral patent processus vaginalis: a meta-analysis.

PubMed

Zhong, Hongji; Wang, Furan

2014-02-01

To conduct a meta-analysis of contralateral metachronous inguinal hernia (CMIH) that originated from negative laparoscopic evaluation for contralateral patent processus vaginalis (CPPV) in children who presented with a unilateral inguinal hernia and to determine the incidence of and factors associated with such a CMIH. A PubMed search was performed for all studies concerning laparoscopic repair or evaluation of inguinal hernia in children. The search strategy was as follows: (laparoscop* OR coelioscop* OR peritoneoscop* OR laparoendoscop* OR minilaparoscop*) AND ("inguinal hernia" OR "metachronous hernia") AND child*. Inclusion criteria included unilateral inguinal hernia in children, negative laparoscopic evaluation of CPPV, without history of contralateral inguinal surgery previously, and clearly reporting CMIH development or not. Editorials, letters, review articles, case reports, animal studies, and duplicate patient series were excluded. Twenty-three studies comprising 6091 children with negative CPPV fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis, of whom 80 (1.31%) subsequently presented with a CMIH. Subgroup analysis showed that CMIH incidence was lower through an umbilical approach than via an inguinal one (0.85% versus 1.78%, P=.009). As for the transinguinal approach, there was a CMIH incidence of 0.78% and 2.05%, respectively, for laparoscopy with a small angle (30° and 70°), whereas there was no CMIH development for that with a large angle (110°, 120°, and flexible). A high pneumoperitoneum pressure (>10 mm Hg, >12 mm Hg, and >14 mm Hg) was usually associated with a slightly higher CMIH incidence than a low one (≤10 mm Hg, ≤12 mm Hg, and ≤14 mm Hg), all without significant difference. CMIH incidence was slightly lower for using a broad CPPV definition than for using a narrow one (0.64% versus 1.35%, P=.183). CMIH following negative laparoscopic evaluation for CPPV was a rare but possible phenomenon. Choosing the transumbilical approach, transinguinal laparoscopy with a large angle, low-pressure pneumoperitoneum, and broad CPPV definition would probably reduce the occurrence of such CMIHs.

Parallel charge sheets of electron liquid and gas in La0.5Sr0.5TiO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures

PubMed Central

Renshaw Wang, X.; Sun, L.; Huang, Z.; Lü, W. M.; Motapothula, M.; Annadi, A.; Liu, Z. Q.; Zeng, S. W.; Venkatesan, T.; Ariando

2015-01-01

We show here a new phenomenon in La0.5Sr0.5TiO3/SrTiO3 (LSTO/STO) heterostructures; that is a coexistence of three-dimensional electron liquid (3DEL) and 2D electron gas (2DEG), separated by an intervening insulating LSTO layer. The two types of carriers were revealed through multi-channel analysis of the evolution of nonlinear Hall effect as a function of film thickness, temperature and back gate voltage. We demonstrate that the 3D electron originates from La doping in LSTO film and the 2D electron at the surface of STO is due to the polar field in the intervening insulating layer. As the film thickness is reduced below a critical thickness of 6 unit cells (uc), an abrupt metal-to-insulator transition (MIT) occurs without an intermediate semiconducting state. The properties of the LSTO layer grown on different substrates suggest that the insulating phase of the intervening layer is a result of interface strain induced by the lattice mismatch between the film and substrate. Further, by fitting the magnetoresistance (MR) curves, the 6 unit cell thick LSTO is shown to exhibit spin-orbital coupling. These observations point to new functionalities, in addition to magnetism and superconductivity in STO-based systems, which could be exploited in a multifunctional context. PMID:26669575

R and D program for French sodium fast reactor: On the description and detection of sodium boiling phenomena during sub-assembly blockages

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vanderhaegen, M.; Laboratory of Waves and Acoustic, Institut Langevin, ESPCI ParisTech, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris; Paumel, K.

2011-07-01

In support of the French ASTRID (Advanced Sodium Technological Reactor for Industrial Demonstration) reactor program, which aims to demonstrate the industrial applicability of sodium fast reactors with an increased level of safety demonstration and availability compared to the past French sodium fast reactors, emphasis is placed on reactor instrumentation. It is in this framework that CEA studies continuous core monitoring to detect as early as possible the onset of sodium boiling. Such a detection system is of particular interest due to the rapid progress and the consequences of a Total Instantaneous Blockage (TIB) at a subassembly inlet, where sodium boilingmore » intervenes in an early phase. In this paper, the authors describe all the particularities which intervene during the different boiling stages and explore possibilities for their detection. (authors)« less

The external leadership of self-managing teams: intervening in the context of novel and disruptive events.

PubMed

Morgeson, Frederick P

2005-05-01

Relatively little empirical research has been conducted on external leaders of self-managing teams. The integration of functional leadership theory with research on team routines suggests that leaders can intervene in teams in several different ways, and the effectiveness of this intervention depends on the nature of the events the team encounters. External team leaders from 3 organizations first described a series of events (N=117), and leaders and team members then completed surveys to quantitatively describe the events. Results indicated that leader preparation and supportive coaching were positively related to team perceptions of leader effectiveness, with preparation becoming more strongly related to effectiveness as event novelty increased. More active leader intervention activities (active coaching and sense making) were negatively related to satisfaction with leadership yet were positively related to effectiveness as events became more disruptive.

76 FR 66055 - North American Electric Reliability Corporation; Order Approving Interpretation of Reliability...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-25

..., 2011.\\9\\ A motion to intervene was timely filed by American Municipal Power, Inc. (AMP). Pursuant to... intervene serves to make AMP a party to this proceeding. \\9\\ 76 FR 52,325 (2011). \\10\\ 18 CFR 385.214 (2011...

Modeling hurricane evacuation traffic : testing the gravity and intervening opportunity models as models of destination choice in hurricane evacuation.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-03-01

The objectives of this study are to test whether the Gravity and Intervening Opportunity Models (IOM) can successfully reproduce aggregate evacuation destination choice observed in evacuation behavior from Hurricane Floyd, compare the performance of ...

The role of gender, values, and culture in adolescent bystanders' strategies.

PubMed

Tamm, Anni; Tulviste, Tiia

2015-02-01

We examined the relationship between adolescent bystanders' strategies for intervening in the bullying-like situation and their gender, values, and cultural origin. The sample consisted of 682 Estonian and Russian-Estonian adolescents (M age = 13.02 years). They were shown a video of a bullying-like situation with a non-intervening adult bystander and asked to describe what they would do if they, instead of the adult, witnessed that situation. Only 10% said that they would not intervene. Girls were more likely than boys to suggest multiple actions. Adolescents who valued conformity were less likely to propose using physical aggression. Doing nothing was less likely suggested by those who placed more importance on conformity and less on power. Estonian adolescents were more likely than their Russian-Estonian peers to suggest finding out what is going on, and less likely to say that they would do nothing. The findings suggest that although most adolescents express willingness to help the victim, they might not actually know how to intervene. © The Author(s) 2014.

Grammatical aspect, lexical aspect, and event duration constrain the availability of events in narratives.

PubMed

Becker, Raymond B; Ferretti, Todd R; Madden-Lombardi, Carol J

2013-11-01

The present study investigates how readers' representations of narratives are constrained by three sources of temporal information; grammatical aspect, lexical aspect, and the duration of intervening events. Participants read short stories in which a target event with an intrinsic endpoint or not (lexical aspect: accomplishments/activities) was described as ongoing or completed (grammatical aspect: imperfective/perfective). An intervening sentence described either a long or short duration event before the target situation was reintroduced later in the story. The electroencephalogram time-locked to the reintroduction of the target event elicited a larger N400 for perfective versus imperfective accomplishments, and this effect occurred only after short intervening events. Alternatively, the N400 to targets in the activity condition did not vary as a function of grammatical aspect or duration of intervening events. These results provide novel insight into how the temporal properties of events interact to constrain the availability of concepts in situation models. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Flying between sky islands: the effect of naturally fragmented habitat on butterfly population structure.

PubMed

Sekar, Sandhya; Karanth, Praveen

2013-01-01

High elevation montane areas are called "sky islands" when they occur as a series of high mountains separated by lowland valleys. Different climatic conditions at high elevations makes sky islands a specialized type of habitat, rendering them naturally fragmented compared to more continuous habitat at lower elevations. Species in sky islands face unsuitable climate in the intervening valleys when moving from one montane area to another. The high elevation shola-grassland mosaic in the Western Ghats of southern India form one such sky island complex. The fragmented patches make this area ideal to study the effect of the spatial orientation of suitable habitat patches on population genetic structure of species found in these areas. Past studies have suggested that sky islands tend to have genetically structured populations, possibly due to reduced gene flow between montane areas. To test this hypothesis, we adopted the comparative approach. Using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms, we compared population genetic structures of two closely related, similar sized butterfly species: Heteropsis oculus, a high elevation shola-grassland specialist restricted to the southern Western Ghats, and Mycalesis patnia, found more continuously distributed in lower elevations. In all analyses, as per expectation the sky island specialist H. oculus exhibited a greater degree of population genetic structure than M. patnia, implying a difference in geneflow. This difference in geneflow in turn appears to be due to the natural fragmentation of the sky island complexes. Detailed analysis of a subset of H. oculus samples from one sky island complex (the Anamalais) showed a surprising genetic break. A possible reason for this break could be unsuitable conditions of higher temperature and lower rainfall in the intervening valley region. Thus, sky island species are not only restricted by lack of habitat continuity between montane areas, but also by the nature of the intervening habitat.

Processes for Assessing Outcomes of Multi-national Missions (Processus d’evaluation des resultats de missions multinationales)

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-11-01

la raison d’être du recueil des données relatives aux variables centrales afin de soutenir ces efforts dans...communs utilisés par les pays membres et un ensemble central d’indicateurs complétant les Mesures de Performance (MOP) et Mesures d’Efficacité (MOE...dénomination « STO », « RTO » ou « AGARD » selon le cas, suivi du numéro de série. Des informations analogues, telles que le titre est la date de

Toward the Development of a Canadian Less Lethal Weapon Approval Process: A Study of Contemporary Process Models

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-10-01

la Reine (en droit du Canada), telle que représentée par le ministre de la Défense nationale, 2011...validés par l’autorité d’approbation. Lorsqu’il n’existe pas de normes officielles, on utilise une approche de gestion du risque qui comprend une plus...gouvernance qui reprend les éléments clés du modèles du Royaume-Uni, l’incorporation d’un processus de gestion du risque, un énoncé des

Filtrage Lineaire par Morceaux Avec Petit Bruit d’Observation (Piecewise Linear Filtering with Small Observation Noise)

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-11-19

stir divers exemple-s le comportement des filtres l)r0pose5 par ra.)pDort ceux du processus estliner et dti filtre optimal obtenu de fa~on approch6e...Piecewise monotone filtering with small observation noise, Siam J., Control Optim. 20, 261-285, 1989 . Vii [10 W.ll. Fleming and R.W. Rishel...Milbeiro, de Oliveira : Filtres approch~s pour un probl~me de filtrage non lin~aire discret avec petit bruit d’observation,rapport INVRIA, 1142. 1989

Holonic Approach for Control and Coordination of Distributed Sensors

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-08-01

Kuokka, D. R., Weber, J. C., Tenenbaum, J. M., Gruber, T . R., and Olsen, G . R. (1993), SHADE: Technology for Knowledge-Based Collaborative 70 DRDC...H o l o n i c a p p ro a ch fo r c o n t ro l a n d coordination of distributed sensors A. Benaskeur H. Irandoust DRDC Valcartier Defence R&D...contrôle de la gestion des capteurs, et en par- ticulier les processus de planification des tâches et l’allocation des capteurs, sont discutés en

An Overview of the Canadian Forces’ Second Generation Capability-Based Planning Analytical Process

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-09-01

gestion et intgration des capacités Feuille de route des capacits stratégiques Produits clès Plan d’investissement Plan de capacités de défense...méthodes de recherche opérationnelle objectives et subjectives permet- tant la mise en œuvre du volet « planification, gestion et intégration des ...pacités, la gestion des capacités et l’intégration des capacités. Le processus comprend des intrants, des méthodes

Who are health influencers? Characterizing a sample of tobacco cessation interveners.

PubMed

Campbell, Jean; Mays, Mary Z; Yuan, Nicole P; Muramoto, Myra L

2007-01-01

To describe characteristics of health influencers (HIs) prior to training in brief tobacco cessation interventions (BI). HIs (n=910) in Arizona were recruited for a randomized controlled trial comparing training modalities. Typically middle-aged (M=43, SD=14), non-Hispanic white (68%), female (77%), non-tobacco users (93%), most identified personal (89%) rather than job-related (3%) motivators for becoming cessation interveners. Confidence about intervention ability was high (93%); knowledge scores, however, were low (M=55%, SD=13%). HIs exhibiting high motivation to intervene but lacking knowledge about BI strategies may be an untapped resource for tobacco cessation and a variety of other health promotion interventions.

Spectroscopie Raman et Rayleigh stimulée des mélasses optiques unidimensionnelles (partie I)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Courtois, Jean-Yves

In this paper, we present a detailed theoretical investigation of the transmission spectra of a weak probe beam through one-dimensional optical molasses in the so-called linperp lin and σ^+-σ- laser configurations. We show that the resonant structures displayed by the spectra in both situations can be interpreted in terms of stimulated Raman or Rayleigh scattering and that they provide important information about the physical properties of the molasses. The paper is divided into two main parts. In order to emphasize the specificity of the stimulated scattering processes taking place in optical molasses, we present in a first part the main characteristics of the stimulated Raman and Rayleigh processes occurring in conventional atomic and molecular media. Section 2 is devoted to stimulated Raman scattering, which is associated with the presence of scattering particles having differently populated nondegenerate states. In the case of atomic vapours, which is traditionnally not discussed in textbooks, we demonstrate the occurrence of stimulated Raman transitions between differently populated and light shifted ground state Zeeman sublevels, which manifest themselves on pump-probe transmission spectra in the form of Lorentzian resonances having a width of the order of the optical pumping rate. Section 3 presents a more detailed study of stimulated Rayleigh scattering, which is associated with the modulation of nonpropagating observables (i.e., of observables whose dynamics does not contain any eigen evolution frequency) by the interference pattern between a probe and a pump field, and with the existence of a physical mechanism responsible for a phase shift between the time and spatial modulation of the observables and the pump-probe excitation. By considering the most generally encountered situation where the phase shift arises from a relaxation mechanism taking place in the material medium, and where stimulated Rayleigh scattering manifests itself in the form of a dispersive resonance having a width equal to twice the associated relaxation rate, we identify three classification criteria for the stimulated Rayleigh mechanisms, involving the characteristics of the scattering medium, of the relaxation process occurring in the medium, and of the excitation mechanism of the medium by the probe field, respectively. This classification scheme is then employed on the one hand in the case of dense molecular media, where stimulated Rayleigh-wing scattering (associated with the laser-induced orientation of anisotropic molecules) is discussed, together with the so-called electrostrictive and thermodiffusive Rayleigh scattering mechanisms (related to a spatial modulation of the molecular density); and on the other hand in the case of dilute atomic vapours, where one distinguishes between two-level atoms (for which the Rayleigh resonance is interpreted in terms of quantum interference between photon scattering processes), and multilevel atoms (where stimulated Rayleigh scattering involves optical pumping induced relaxation of internal observable modulations). The second part of the paper is devoted to the investigation of the stimulated Raman and Rayleigh processes taking place in one-dimensional optical molasses. These processes exhibit outstanding characteristics because of the entanglement between internal and external degrees of freedom of the atoms, which is an intrinsic feature of the cooling mechanisms. Section 4 discusses the case of linperp lin molasses. We restrict ourselves to the situation of a J_g=1/2→ J_e=3/2 atomic transition, and to the limit where the dissipative part of the atom-laser coupling is negligible compared to the Hamiltonian part (oscillating regime of Sisyphus cooling). We first consider stimulated Raman processes between quantized vibrational states of the atoms at the bottom of the optical potential wells associated with the light shifts of the ground state Zeeman sublevels, and we demonstrate the occurrence of a lengthening of the lifetime of the coherences between the vibrational levels due to the strong spatial atomic localization (Lamb-Dicke effect). Stimulated Rayleigh resonances sensitive to the probe polarization are also predicted in the center of the spectra. These structures are interpreted in terms of diffraction of the cooling beams onto time-modulated density or magnetization gratings induced by the probe beam, and we show that these resonances provide information about the dynamical properties of the medium and the anti-ferromagnetic spatial order of the atoms in the molasses. Indications about the treatment of atomic transition having larger angular momenta are given by considering more particularly the situation of the J_g=4→ J_e=5 transition of cesium, for which an inversion of the stimulated Rayleigh resonance is predicted, which is related to the resonant variation of the populations of the vibrational levels with the otpical potential depth. Section 5 is devoted to the case of the σ^+-σ- molasses. We consider the case of a J_g=1→ J_e=2 atomic transition, and we restrict ourselves to the limit where the steady-state momentum distribution lies within the linearity range of the cooling force. Under such conditions, it is possible to account for the external atomic dynamics through a Fokker-Planck equation derived by adiabatically eliminating the atomic internal degrees of freedom. One investigates on the one hand the stimulated Raman processes taking place between the ground state Zeeman sublevels, indicating the occurrence of differences in the populations and light shifts in the ground state, and on the other hand the stimulated Rayleigh processes providing information about the dynamics of the external degrees of freedom. One considers two polarization configurations for the probe beam, depending on the probe polarization's being identical or opposite to the circular polarization of the copropagating pump beam. In the former case, it is shown that the stimulated Raman lines are homogeneously broadened, and that a stimulated Rayleigh structure appears on the spectra because of the probe-induced time modulation of the cooling force, which induces a modulation of the atomic momentum distribution. In the latter situation, the Raman structures are inhomogeneously broadened, and a recoil-induced resonance is predicted in the center of the spectrum. Its shape corresponds to the derivative of a Gaussian curve and its width is directly proportional to the Doppler width of the molasses. Finally, Section 6 presents a short review about the recent developments in the field of nonlinear spectroscopy of optical molasses. Cet article s'inscrit dans le double contexte de la spectroscopie non linéaire des milieux atomiques et de la physique du refroidissement d'atomes neutres par laser. Il présente une étude détaillée des spectres de transmission d'une onde sonde interagissant avec une mélasse optique unidimensionnelle. Plus précisément, nous montrons que dans chacun des deux cas modèles des mélasses “linperp lin” et “σ^+-σ^-” (ainsi dénommées par référence à la configuration de polarisation des deux faisceaux lasers à l'origine du mécanisme de refroidissement), les spectres pompes-sonde présentent des structures résonnantes pouvant s'interpréter en termes de diffusion Raman ou Rayleigh stimulée, et apportant un grand nombre d'informations sur les propriétés physiques des mélasses optiques. Cet article s'articule autour de deux grandes parties. Destinée à faire ultérieurement ressortir la spécificité des processus de diffusion stimulée se produisant dans les mélasses optiques, la première est consacrée à une présentation générale des processus Raman et Rayleigh stimulés se produisant dans les milieux atomiques et moléculaires conventionnels. L'effet Raman stimulé, lié à l'existence de centres diffuseurs ayant des états d'énergies et de populations différentes, fait l'objet du paragraphe 2. Dans le cas des vapeurs atomiques, traditionnellement moins connu que celui des molécules, on met ainsi en évidence l'existence de transitions Raman stimulées entre sous-niveaux Zeeman ayant des populations et des déplacements lumineux différents, qui se manifestent sur le spectre de transmission d'une onde sonde sous la forme de résonances lorentziennes en absorption et en amplification ayant une largeur de l'ordre du taux de pompage optique. Le paragraphe 3 présente une étude plus détaillée de l'effet Rayleigh stimulé, associé à l'excitation d'observables non propagatives (c'est-à-dire dont la dynamique ne contient aucune fréquence propre d'évolution) dans le milieu diffuseur sous l'action de l'interférence entre un champ pompe et une onde sonde, et à l'existence d'un mécanisme conduisant à un déphasage de la modulation spatiale et temporelle des observables par rapport à l'excitation pompe-sonde. En considérant le cas le plus couramment répandu où le déphasage est lié à l'existence d'un mécanisme de relaxation dans le milieu diffuseur, et où la diffusion Rayleigh stimulée se manifeste généralement sous la forme de résonances dispersives ayant pour demi-largeur le taux de relaxation associé, nous dégageons trois critères de classification des mécanismes de diffusion Rayleigh stimulée portant sur les caractéristiques du milieu diffuseur, du processus de relaxation intervenant dans ce milieu, et du mécanisme d'excitation du milieu par l'onde sonde. Cette classification est alors utilisée d'une part dans le cas des milieux moléculaires denses, où l'on décrit successivement les effets “Rayleigh-wing” (lié à l'orientation de molécules anisotropes le long du champ électrique local), Rayleigh électrostrictif diffusif et Rayleigh thermodiffusif (dus à une modulation spatiale de la densité) ; et d'autre part dans le cas des vapeurs atomiques, où l'on distingue le cas des atomes à deux niveaux (pour lequel une interprétation de la résonance Rayleigh est donnée en termes d'interférence quantique entre processus de diffusion de photons), puis la situation des atomes possédant plusieurs sous-niveaux Zeeman dégénérés dans le niveau fondamental (où l'effet Rayleigh stimulé est lié au pompage optique et à la création d'observables atomiques). La seconde partie de cet article porte sur l'étude des processus Raman et Rayleigh stimulés dans les mélasses optiques unidimensionnelles, dont la grande originalité réside dans l'imbrication intime entre les degrés de liberté internes et externes des atomes, qui est à l'origine même des mécanismes de refroidissement. Le paragraphe 4 est consacré à l'étude des mélasses linperp lin. On considère le cas d'une transition J_g=1/2→ J_e=3/2, et l'on se restreint aux situations pour lesquelles la partie dissipative du couplage atome-laser est négligeable devant la partie hamiltonienne (régime oscillant du refroidissement Sisyphe). On étudie les processus Raman stimulés entre niveaux vibrationnels quantifiés des atomes au fond des puits du potentiel optique associé aux déplacements lumineux des sous-niveaux Zeeman, et l'on met en évidence un phénomène d'allongement de la durée de vie des cohérences entre niveaux de vibration lié à la forte localisation spatiale des atomes (effet Lamb-Dicke). Des résonances Rayleigh stimulées très sensibles à la polarisation de la sonde sont également prédites au centre des spectres. Une interprétation de ces structures est donnée en termes de diffraction des faisceaux de refroidissement sur des réseaux de densité ou de magnétisation modulés temporellement par la sonde, et l'on montre que ces résonances donnent des informations sur les propriétés dynamiques du milieu, ainsi que sur l'ordre spatial anti-ferromagnétique des atomes. Des indications sur le traitement de transitions atomiques de moment cinétique plus élevé sont données, et l'on discute plus particulièrement le cas de la transition J_g=4→ J_e=5 du césium, où l'on prédit un processus de renversement de la résonance Rayleigh lié à une dépendance résonnante des populations des niveaux vibrationnels en fonction de la profondeur des puits de potentiel. Le paragraphe 5 est consacré à l'étude des mélasses σ^+-σ^-. On considère le cas d'une transition J_g=1→ J_e=2, et l'on se restreint aux situations pour lesquelles la distribution stationnaire d'impulsion est contenue dans le domaine de linéarité de la force de refroidissement. Dans ces conditions, il est possible de décrire la dynamique des degrés de liberté externes de l'atome au moyen d'une équation de Fokker-Planck, après élimination adiabatique des variables atomiques internes. On étudie d'une part les processus Raman stimulés entre sous-niveaux Zeeman mettant en évidence l'existence de différences de populations et de déplacements lumineux dans l'état fondamental, et d'autre part les processus Rayleigh stimulés donnant accès aux temps de relaxation des variables externes. On envisage deux cas de polarisation pour l'onde sonde, selon que le faisceau pompe avec lequel elle se copropage a une polarisation circulaire identique ou opposée à celle de la sonde. Dans le premier cas, on montre que les résonances Raman ne subissent pas d'élargissement inhomogène. Il est également montré qu'une résonance Rayleigh apparaît sur les spectres, due à la modulation temporelle de la force de refroidissement par la sonde, qui induit une modulation de la distribution d'impulsion atomique. Cette résonance a une largeur proportionnelle au coefficient de friction de la force de refroidissement. Dans le second cas, on met en évidence un processus d'élargissement inhomogène des résonances Raman, ainsi qu'une résonance centrale de type Raman induite par le recul ayant la forme d'une dérivée de gaussienne de largeur proportionnelle à la largeur Doppler de la mélasse. Finalement, le paragraphe 6 conclut l'article par un résumé des principaux développements enregistrés au cours des dernières années dans le domaine de la spectroscopie non linéaire des mélasses optiques.

49 CFR 199.239 - Operator obligation to promulgate a policy on the misuse of alcohol.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... health, work, and personal life; signs and symptoms of an alcohol problem (the employee's or a coworker's); and including intervening evaluating and resolving problems associated with the misuse of alcohol including intervening when an alcohol problem is suspected, confrontation, referral to any available EAP...

49 CFR 199.239 - Operator obligation to promulgate a policy on the misuse of alcohol.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... health, work, and personal life; signs and symptoms of an alcohol problem (the employee's or a coworker's); and including intervening evaluating and resolving problems associated with the misuse of alcohol including intervening when an alcohol problem is suspected, confrontation, referral to any available EAP...

Contextual Attributes of Indirect Bullying Situations that Influence Teachers' Decisions to Intervene

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blain-Arcaro, Christine; Smith, J. David; Cunningham, Charles E.; Vaillancourt, Tracy; Rimas, Heather

2012-01-01

Indirect bullying occurs frequently yet receives little attention by teachers. Using conjoint analysis, we examined the influence of situational attributes on teachers' decisions to intervene in indirect bullying. Results revealed that teachers (N = 235) were most influenced by victimized children's distress. Additional analyses identified two…

75 FR 34725 - Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-18

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13795-000] Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications; Mahoning Hydropower, LLC June 10, 2010. On May 25, 2010, Mahoning Hydropower, LLC filed an...

78 FR 73857 - Brown, Paul H.; Notice of Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-09

...). Protests will be considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken, but will... file a notice of intervention or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or... serve motions to intervene or protests on persons other than the Applicant. The Commission encourages...

78 FR 57629 - Eagle Valley Clean Energy, LLC; Notice of Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-19

... be considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken, but will not serve... notice of intervention or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or protests must be... to serve motions to intervene or protests on persons other than the Applicant. The Commission...

78 FR 46582 - Missouri River Energy Services; Notice of Petition for Waiver

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-01

....214). Protests will be considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken... must file a notice of intervention or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or... serve motions to intervene or protests on persons other than the Applicant. The Commission encourages...

78 FR 43198 - Watson Cogeneration Company; Notice of Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-19

....214). Protests will be considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken... must file a notice of intervention or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or... serve motions to intervene or protests on persons other than the Applicant. The Commission encourages...

78 FR 26358 - Marketlink, LLC; Notice of Petition for Declaratory Order

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-06

...). Protests will be considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken, but will... file a notice of intervention or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or... serve motions to intervene or protests on persons other than the Applicant. The Commission encourages...

Relating Aspects of Adolescent Emotional Autonomy to Academic Achievement and Deviant Behavior.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chen, Zeng-Yin; Dornbusch, Sanford M.

1998-01-01

Used a structural-equation model with latent constructs to differentiate the domains of adolescent emotional autonomy from parents and specify the intervening processes. Found that individuation was associated with lower academic achievement and higher rates of deviant behavior through the intervening effects of higher susceptibility to negative…

21 CFR 145.134 - Canned preserved figs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... section are whole mature figs of the light or dark varieties that may be either peeled or unpeeled. (c)(1... words “Preserved Figs”, but there shall be no intervening written, printed, or graphic matter, and the... precede or follow such name without intervening written, printed, or graphic matter, except that the...

77 FR 60413 - Uniontown Hydro, LLC; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing, Soliciting Motions To Intervene...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-03

..., LLC; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing, Soliciting Motions To Intervene and Protests, Ready..., and Preliminary Fishway Prescriptions Take notice that the following hydroelectric application has been filed with the Commission and is available for public inspection. a. Type of Application: Original...

Le don après un décès d'origine cardiocirculatoire au Canada

PubMed Central

Shemie, Sam D.; Baker, Andrew J.; Knoll, Greg; Wall, William; Rocker, Graeme; Howes, Daniel; Davidson, Janet; Pagliarello, Joe; Chambers-Evans, Jane; Cockfield, Sandra; Farrell, Catherine; Glannon, Walter; Gourlay, William; Grant, David; Langevin, Stéphan; Wheelock, Brian; Young, Kimberly; Dossetor, John

2006-01-01

Résumé Ces recommandations sont le fruit d'un processus multidisciplinaire national ayant duré un an et visant à déterminer si et comment l'on pourrait procéder au don d'organes après un décès d'origine cardiocirculatoire («don après le décès cardiocirculatoire», ou DDC) au Canada. Le forum national organisé en février 2005 a permis aux participants de discuter et d'élaborer des recommandations sur les principes, interventions et pratiques se rapportant au DDC. Les aspects éthiques et juridiques ont été abordés dans les discussions. À la fin du Forum, la majorité des participants ont été favorables à l'implantation de programmes de DDC au Canada. Les participants du Forum ont également convenu qu'il fallait formuler et prôner des valeurs fondamentales pour orienter l'élaboration de programmes et de protocoles basés sur le cadre médical, éthique et juridique établi lors de cette réunion. Même si la possibilité d'un don d'organes et de tissus doit faire partie intégrante des soins de fin de vie, il faut insister sur le fait que le devoir de diligence envers les patients mourants et leurs familles doit demeurer la priorité des équipes soignantes. La complexité et les répercussions profondes du décès sont reconnues et doivent être respectées, de même que les différences personnelles, ethnoculturelles et religieuses face à la mort et au don d'organes. Les décisions d'arrêter le traitement de maintien des fonctions vitales, la prise en charge des derniers moments de la vie et le diagnostic de décès selon des critères cardiocirculatoires doivent être distincts et indépendants des processus de don et transplantation. Ce rapport contient des recommandations destinées aux gestionnaires de program, aux autorités sanitaires régionales et aux instances appelés à élaborer les protocoles de DDC. Les programmes doivent être conçus en fonction des éléments suivants : direction et planification locales, éducation et engagement des intervenants, mécanismes d'assurance de la sécurité et de la qualité et information du public. Il est recommandé de commencer par un program de DDC contrôlé à l'unité de soins intensifs où, après une décision par consentement mutuel de cesser le traitement de maintien des fonctions vitales, la mort est attendue, mais n'est pas survenue, ce qui rend possible des discussions non précipitées sur le consentement. Un don non contrôlé, en cas de décès après un arrêt cardiaque non prévu, doit être envisagé seulement une fois que le program de DDC contrôlé a été établi. Bien qu'il soit recommandé de restreindre le programme initial au don de reins, le don d'autres organes peut aussi être envisagé selon l'expertise régionale en matière de transplantation. Les répercussions d'un DDC, y compris les interventions pratiquées avant et après le décès, sur la famille du donneur, la disponibilité des organes, la fonction du greffon et la survie du receveur doivent être documentées de façon méthodique et examinées.

The Resources that Matter: Fundamental Social Causes of Health Disparities and the Challenge of Intelligence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Link, Bruce G.; Phelan, Jo C.; Miech, Richard; Leckman-Westin, Emily

2008-01-01

A robust and very persistent association between indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) and the onset of life-threatening disease is a prominent concern of medical sociology. The persistence of the association over time and its generality across very different places suggests that no fixed set of intervening risk and protective factors can…

Different Anaphoric Expressions Are Investigated by Event-Related Brain Potentials

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Streb, Judith; Hennighausen, Erwin; Rosler, Frank

2004-01-01

Event-related potentials were recorded to substantiate the claim of a distinct psycholinguistic status of (a) pronouns vs. proper names and (b) ellipses vs. proper names. In two studies 41 students read sentences in which the number of intervening words between the anaphor and its antecedent was either small or large. Comparing the far with the…

The Role of Readiness Factors in E-Learning Outcomes: An Empirical Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keramati, Abbas; Afshari-Mofrad, Masoud; Kamrani, Ali

2011-01-01

Although many researchers have studied different factors which affect E-Learning outcomes, there is little research on assessment of the intervening role of readiness factors in E-Learning outcomes. This study proposes a conceptual model to determine the role of readiness factors in the relationship between E-Learning factors and E-Learning…

Evaluating Courses: An Examination of the Impact of Student Gender

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Darby, Jenny A.

2006-01-01

Previous research into the effects of gender differences on course evaluations has failed to take into account a number of intervening variables. In part 1 of the present study a questionnaire was administered to 504 female and male students measuring whether they noticed, remembered things, and related to others. These are all measures which have…

Comparing Indirect Effects in SEM: A Sequential Model Fitting Method Using Covariance-Equivalent Specifications

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chan, Wai

2007-01-01

In social science research, an indirect effect occurs when the influence of an antecedent variable on the effect variable is mediated by an intervening variable. To compare indirect effects within a sample or across different samples, structural equation modeling (SEM) can be used if the computer program supports model fitting with nonlinear…

Anti-Bullying Procedures for Schools in Ireland: Principals' Responses and Perceptions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Foody, Mairéad; Murphy, Helena; Downes, Paul; O'Higgins Norman, James

2018-01-01

The role of the principal is imperative in creating a school climate that nurtures differences and equality at the same time. Policy and legislation in Ireland dictates the responsibility of school principals in preventing and intervening in issues relating to bullying. The current research investigates the extent to which principals consider the…

Other People's Students Elaborated Codes and Dialect in Basic Writing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evans, Jason Cory

2012-01-01

English teachers, especially those in the field of basic writing, have long debated how to teach writing to students whose home language differs from the perceived norm. This thesis intervenes in that stalemated debate by re-examining "elaborated codes" and by arguing for a type of correctness in writing that includes being correct…

Using Data Mining to Identify Actionable Information: Breaking New Ground in Data-Driven Decision Making

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Streifer, Philip A.; Schumann, Jeffrey A.

2005-01-01

The implementation of No Child Left Behind (NCLB) presents important challenges for schools across the nation to identify problems that lead to poor performance. Yet schools must intervene with instructional programs that can make a difference and evaluate the effectiveness of such programs. New advances in artificial intelligence (AI) data-mining…

Modifications of the falciform process in the eye of beloniformes (Teleostei: Atherinomorpha): evolution of a curtain-like septum in the eye.

PubMed

Reckel, Frank; Melzer, Roland R

2004-04-01

In order to comparatively analyze curtain-like septa in the eyes of visually orientated "close-to-surface-predators" among atherinomorph teleosts, we examined the eyes of 24 atherinomorph species under a binocular microscope with regard to the falciform process and related structures in the vitreous cavity. Additionally, falciform process samples were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. All the studied representatives of the Cyprinodontiformes and Atheriniformes, and of one of the beloniform suborder, Adrianichthyioidei, possess a "typical" processus falciformis. In the eyes of the representatives of the other beloniform suborder, Belonoidei, however, pigmented structures that originate in the region of the optic disc and protrude into the vitreous cavity were noted. In the Hemiramphidae (halfbeaks) and Exocoetidae (flying fishes) these pigmented structures have a more cone-like shape, whereas in the Belonidae (needlefishes) and Scomberesocidae (sauries) horizontally oriented heavily pigmented curtain-like septa occur that divide the vitreous cavity dorsoventrally. It is suggested that the "typical" processus falciformis represents a plesiomorphic feature within the Atherinomorpha, whereas the pigmented modifications of the falciform process must be seen as a synapomorphic character state of the Belonoidei. The curtain-like septum of the Belonidae and Scomberesocidae might have evolved from the cone-like structures that are found in the Exocoetoidea. The functional significance of the pigmented structures in the eye is as yet not clear, except for the curtain-like septum found in Belonidae. It might play a role in visual orientation near the water surface at Snell's window. Copyright 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Etude spectroscopique des collisions moleculaires (hydrogene-azote et hydrogene-oxygene) a des energies de quelques MeV

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plante, Jacinthe

1998-09-01

Les resultats presentes ici proviennent d'une etude systematique portant sur les collisions a vitesse constante, entre les projectiles d'hydrogene (H+, H2+ et H3+ a 1 MeV/nucleon) et deux cibles gazeuses (N2 et O2), soumises a differentes pressions. Les collisions sont analysees a l'aide des spectres d'emission (de 400 A a 6650 A) et des graphiques intensite/pression. Les spectres ont revele la presence des raies d'azote atomique, d'azote moleculaire, d'oxygene atomique, d'oxygene moleculaire et d'hydrogene atomique. Les raies d'hydrogene sont observees seulement avec les projectiles H2+ et H3+. Donc les processus responsables de la formation de ces raies sont des mecanismes de fragmentation des projectiles. Pour conclure, il existe une difference notable entre les projectiles et les differentes pressions. Les raies d'azote et d'oxygene augmentent selon la pression et les raies d'hydrogene atomique presentent une relation non lineaire avec la pression.

10 CFR 2.1203 - Hearing file; prohibition on discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

.../petitions to intervene and admitting contentions, the NRC staff shall file in the docket, present to the... action, as well as any correspondence between the applicant/licensee and the NRC that is relevant to the... Document Room when the hearing request/petition to intervene is granted may be incorporated into the...

Interventions by Students in Friends' Alcohol, Tobacco, and Drug Use.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smart, Reginald G.; Stoduto, Gina

1997-01-01

Investigated students' (N=1,184) self-reported interventions in the alcohol-, tobacco-, illicit-drug use, and drinking-driving of their friends. Results indicate that almost one-third of students intervened in friends' illegal drug use and drinking-driving, whereas about one-half intervened with smoking. Intervenors were usually older and worked…

The Key Is Knowing when--Or Whether--to Intervene

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garmston, Robert J.

2004-01-01

The greatest challenge of a facilitator is correcting individual or collective behaviors that detract from the group's work. Preparing to intervene and knowing when to do so are critical to effective facilitation. To facilitate means "to make easier." In conducting meetings, the facilitator serves the group by making easier or more effective the…

EDUCATIONAL ORIENTATIONS AND PARENTAL ENCOURAGEMENT--AN INTERVENING OR AN INDEPENDENT VARIABLE.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

REHBERG, RICHARD A.; AND OTHERS

TWO MODELS OF THE INTERACTION OF PARENTAL ENCOURAGEMENT AND EDUCATIONAL EXPECTATIONS WERE EVALUATED IN COMPARISON WITH DATA GATHERED FROM A SURVEY. PARENTAL ENCOURAGEMENT WAS DEFINED AS AN OVERT ATTEMPT BY PARENTS TO INFLUENCE THEIR SON TO GO TO COLLEGE. ONE MODEL REPRESENTED PARENTAL ENCOURAGEMENT AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE BETWEEN EDUCATIONAL…

78 FR 69402 - Lock 7 Hydro Partners, LLC; Notice of Application for Amendment of License and Soliciting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-19

... Partners, LLC; Notice of Application for Amendment of License and Soliciting Comments, Motions To [email protected] . j. Deadline for filing comments, motions to intervene, and protests: 30 days from.... Please file any motion to intervene, protest, comments, and/or recommendations using the Commission's e...

78 FR 13665 - L.E. Bell Construction Company, Inc.; Notice of Termination of Exemption by Implied Surrender and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-28

..., Protests, and Motions To Intervene Take notice that the following hydroelectric proceeding has been... . i. Deadline for filing comments, protests, and motions to intervene is 30 days from the issuance of...-8233-001) on any documents or motions filed. The Commission strongly encourages electronic filings...

78 FR 13662 - Kansas Gas Service, a Division of ONEOK, Inc.; Notice of Petition

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-28

....214). Protests will be considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken... must file a notice of intervention or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or... before the intervention or protest date need not serve motions to intervene or protests on persons other...

18 CFR 385.214 - Intervention (Rule 214).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... entity identified in this paragraph must comply with the rules for motions to intervene applicable to any... paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this section, must file a motion to intervene. (4) No person, including... proceeding arising from an investigation pursuant to Part 1b of this chapter. (b) Contents of motion. (1) Any...

78 FR 13662 - The East Ohio Gas Company; Notice of Petition for Rate Approval

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-28

...). Protests will be considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken, but will... file a notice of intervention or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or... before the intervention or protest date need not serve motions to intervene or protests on persons other...

77 FR 71187 - Greenwood County; Notice of Application for Amendment of License and Soliciting Comments, Motions...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-29

...; Notice of Application for Amendment of License and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and... comments, motions to intervene, and protests: December 24, 2012. All documents may be filed electronically...-099) on any comments or motions filed. The Commission's Rules of Practice and Procedure require all...

76 FR 18744 - Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC; Notice of Application for Amendment of License and Soliciting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-05

... Carolinas, LLC; Notice of Application for Amendment of License and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene...: (202) 502-6864; e-mail: [email protected] . j. Deadline for filing comments, motions to intervene... the project number (P-2232-588) on any comments, motions, or recommendations filed. k. Description of...

78 FR 26345 - Brookfield Renewable Power, Inc.; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing, Soliciting Comments...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-06

... Renewable Power, Inc.; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing, Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene..., (202) 502-8370, [email protected] . j. Deadline for filing comments, motions to intervene, and... of your comments. Please include the project number (P-12187-017) on any comments, motions, or...

76 FR 20654 - Grand River Dam Authority; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-13

... Authority; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and..., (202) 502-8949, [email protected] . j. Deadline for filing comments, motions to intervene, and... comments. Please include the project number (P-1494-390) on any comments, motions, or protests filed. k...

78 FR 20314 - Enogex LLC; Notice of Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-04

... considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken, but will not serve to make... or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or protests must be filed on or before... protest date need not serve motions to intervene or protests on persons other than the Applicant. The...

76 FR 20655 - Kinder Morgan Texas Pipeline LLC; Notice of Baseline Filings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-13

... participate in this rate proceeding must file a motion to intervene or to protest this filing must file in....214). Protests will be considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken... must file a notice of intervention or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or...

76 FR 26717 - NorthWestern Corporation; Notice of Baseline Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-09

... rate proceeding must file a motion to intervene or to protest this filing must file in accordance with...). Protests will be considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken, but will... file a notice of intervention or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or...

78 FR 4405 - Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC; Notice of Application for Amendment of License and Soliciting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-22

... Carolinas, LLC; Notice of Application for Amendment of License and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene... comments, motions to intervene, and protests: February 13, 2012. All documents may be filed electronically...-596) on any comments or motions filed. The Commission's Rules of Practice and Procedure require all...

78 FR 27216 - PPL Holtwood, LLC; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing, Soliciting Comments, Motions To...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-09

...; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing, Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Protests Take...-6543, or email: [email protected] . j. Deadline for filing comments, motions to intervene, and... (P-487-104) on any comments or motions filed. k. Description of Application: PPL Holtwood, LLC...

76 FR 18745 - Appalachian Power Company; Notice of Application for Amendment of License and Soliciting Comments...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-05

... Company; Notice of Application for Amendment of License and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and... [email protected] . j. Deadline for filing comments, motions to intervene, and protests: April 15... (P-2210-207) on any comments or motions filed. k. Description of Application: Appalachian Power...

14 CFR 13.206 - Intervention.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... INVESTIGATIVE AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES Rules of Practice in FAA Civil Penalty Actions § 13.206 Intervention. (a) A person may submit a motion for leave to intervene as a party in a civil penalty action. Except for good cause shown, a motion for leave to intervene shall be submitted not later than 10 days before...

76 FR 46283 - Peoples Natural Gas Company LLC; Notice of Baseline Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-02

... in this rate proceeding must file a motion to intervene or to protest this filing must file in....214). Protests will be considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken... must file a notice of intervention or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or...

78 FR 43187 - PacifiCorp, St. Anthony Hydro LLC; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing, Soliciting Comments...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-19

.... Anthony Hydro LLC; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing, Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene...-6779, [email protected] . j. Deadline for filing comments, motions to intervene, and protests, is... of your comments. Please include the project number (P-2381-063) on any comments, motions, or...

78 FR 35015 - Alabama Power Company; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing, Soliciting Comments, Motions to...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-11

... Company; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing, Soliciting Comments, Motions to Intervene, [email protected] . j. Deadline for filing comments, motions to intervene, and protests: July 8, 2013. All... the end of your comments. Please include the project number (P-2146-140) on any comments or motions...

Intervening Variables in the TV Violence-Aggression Relation: Evidence from Two Countries.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huesmann, L. Rowell; And Others

1984-01-01

A longitudinal, cross-cultural field study was made to determine boundary conditions under which the television violence/aggression relation obtains, to determine intervening variables, and to illuminate the process through which television violence relates to aggression. Children from first through fifth grades in the United States, Australia,…

26 CFR 1.56A-5 - Tax carryovers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... tax exemption (determined under § 1.58-1) for such year. For purposes of section 56(c) and this... the acquiring corporation's minimum tax exemption for such year as the items of tax preference... intervening taxable years. If such method is used, the minimum tax liability of the intervening year is not...

The Mistake Colleges Make about Student Drinking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Busteed, Brandon

2008-01-01

Despite conventional wisdom, the alcohol problem colleges face is not mainly about high-risk drinkers, and the solution is not about intervening with them alone. Yet studies show that, despite a handful of solid efforts in the realm of primary prevention, most colleges take a group-think approach to identifying and intervening with high-risk…

Influences of peers, teachers, and climate on students' willingness to intervene when witnessing anti-transgender harassment.

PubMed

Wernick, Laura J; Kulick, Alex; Inglehart, M H

2014-08-01

Transgender young people are at increased risk for bullying, harassment, and negative mental health and academic outcomes compared to the general population as well as compared to other members of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, and similarly identified (LGBTQQ) communities. To inform interventions to support transgender students, the present study investigates students' willingness to intervene when witnessing anti-transgender harassment, using data collected from a participatory action research project investigating school climate. Multi-step linear regression was used to test the impacts of hearing transphobic language and witnessing teachers and others students intervene, while controlling for demographics and school. Hostile climate negatively predicted intervention intentions while witnessing peer intervention positively predicted likelihood to intervene. Witnessing teacher intervention did not significantly predict the outcome. These findings suggest that youth-led interventions in peer networks might be effective in diminishing transphobic bullying and supporting the healthy development of transgender young people. Copyright © 2014 The Foundation for Professionals in Services for Adolescents. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Individual and contextual predictors of cyberbullying: the influence of children's provictim attitudes and teachers' ability to intervene.

PubMed

Christian Elledge, L; Williford, Anne; Boulton, Aaron J; Depaolis, Kathryn J; Little, Todd D; Salmivalli, Christina

2013-05-01

Electronic social communication has provided a new context for children to bully and harass their peers and it is clear that cyberbullying is a growing public health concern in the US and abroad. The present study examined individual and contextual predictors of cyberbullying in a sample of 16, 634 students in grades 3-5 and 7-8. Data were obtained from a large cluster-randomized trial of the KiVa antibullying program that occurred in Finland between 2007 and 2009. Students completed measures at pre-intervention assessing provictim attitudes (defined as children's beliefs that bullying is unacceptable, victims are acceptable, and defending victims is valued), perceptions of teachers' ability to intervene in bullying, and cyberbullying behavior. Students with higher scores on provictim attitudes reported lower frequencies of cyberbullying. This relationship was true for individual provictim attitudes as well as the collective attitudes of students within classrooms. Teachers' ability to intervene assessed at the classroom level was a unique, positive predictor of cyberbullying. Classrooms in which students collectively considered their teacher as capable of intervening to stop bullying had higher mean levels of cyberbullying frequency. Our findings suggest that cyberbullying and other indirect or covert forms of bullying may be more prevalent in classrooms where students collectively perceive their teacher's ability to intervene in bullying as high. We found no evidence that individual or contextual effects were conditional on age or gender. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

How gravitational lensing helps γ-ray photons avoid γ – γ absorption

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Barnacka, Anna; Böttcher, Markus; Sushch, Iurii, E-mail: abarnacka@cfa.harvard.edu, E-mail: Markus.Bottcher@nwu.ac.za

2014-08-01

We investigate potential γ – γ absorption of γ-ray emission from blazars arising from inhomogeneities along the line of sight, beyond the diffuse Extragalactic Background Light (EBL). As plausible sources of excess γ – γ opacity, we consider (1) foreground galaxies, including cases in which this configuration leads to strong gravitational lensing, (2) individual stars within these foreground galaxies, and (3) individual stars within our own galaxy, which may act as lenses for microlensing events. We found that intervening galaxies close to the line of sight are unlikely to lead to significant excess γ – γ absorption. This opens upmore » the prospect of detecting lensed gamma-ray blazars at energies above 10 GeV with their gamma-ray spectra effectively only affected by the EBL. The most luminous stars located either in intervening galaxies or in our galaxy provide an environment in which these gamma-rays could, in principle, be significantly absorbed. However, despite a large microlensing probability due to stars located in intervening galaxies, γ-rays avoid absorption by being deflected by the gravitational potentials of such intervening stars to projected distances ({sup i}mpact parameters{sup )} where the resulting γ – γ opacities are negligible. Thus, neither of the intervening excess photon fields considered here, provide a substantial source of excess γ – γ opacity beyond the EBL, even in the case of very close alignments between the background blazar and a foreground star or galaxy.« less

Should we treat the ionome as a combination of individual elements, or should we be deriving novel combined traits?

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

It has been more than 10 years since the concept of the ionome, all of the mineral nutrients in a cell tissue or organism, was introduced. In the intervening years, ionomics, high throughput elemental profiling, has been used to analyze over 400,000 samples from at least 7 different organisms. There...

Polar Textures

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-10-04

This VIS image of the South Polar cap shows several different surface textures. It appears that the circular depressions (which look like swiss cheese) alter with time, appearing to lose the circular shape as the intervening walls of ice are removed. Orbit Number: 65187 Latitude: -87.0386 Longitude: 276.053 Instrument: VIS Captured: 2016-08-24 07:47 http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA21003

Intervening in Early Written Literacy Development for Gifted Children in Grade 2: Insights from an Action Research Project

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roessingh, Hetty; Bence, Michelle

2017-01-01

This article reports on an action research project undertaken by a team of four Grade 2 teachers who work in a school for gifted learners. Focused on implementing a structured printing and spelling curriculum in addition to providing instructed support for planning, organizing, and vocabulary use for different genres of writing, both qualitative…

Interveners in the Home and Community: An Under-Recognized Imperative

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wiley, David; Fagbemi, Mike; Filek, John; Kirscher, Cathy; Morrow, Susanne Morgan; Reiman, John; Rohr, Lisa; Taylor-Snell, Emily

2014-01-01

A person who is considered deaf-blind is someone who is deaf or hard-of-hearing in combination with a visual impairment or blindness. The range of capabilities and support needs of individuals with deaf-blindness varies substantially from person to person because of differences in the extent of partial vision or hearing, if any, or the presence of…

Behavioral Intention of Teachers, School Psychologists, and Counselors to Intervene and Prevent Harassment of LGBTQ Youth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCabe, Paul C.; Rubinson, Florence; Dragowski, Eliza A.; Elizalde-Utnick, Graciela

2013-01-01

A national sample of educators were surveyed to identity the attitudes, beliefs, school culture, and perceived barriers that would predict whether educators would intervene to stop bias and harassment directed at lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgendered, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth in schools. The survey questionnaire was organized according to the…

Puppetry as Reinforcement or Rupture of Cultural Perceptions of the Disabled Body

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Purcell-Gates, Laura; Fisher, Emma

2017-01-01

This article proposes puppetry as a practice uniquely situated to intervene in ideological constructions of the disabled body both onstage and off. Examining our current and recent practice-based research that uses puppetry to intervene in cultural perceptions of disability, we put forth a provocation, asking readers to consider the ways in which…

Coordinated Early Intervening Services: Programs in Local Education Agencies that Are Required to Reserve IDEA Funds. inForum

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burdette, Paula; Sopko, Kimberly Moherek

2010-01-01

Disproportionate representation of children from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds in special education has been a longstanding concern that the 2004 reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) sought to address. The IDEA contains new requirements related to the provision of early intervening services designed to…

Community and School Practices to Reduce Delinquent Behavior: Intervening on the School-to-Prison Pipeline

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shippen, Margaret E.; Patterson, DaShaunda; Green, Kemeche L.; Smitherman, Tracy

2012-01-01

Youth at risk for school failure need community and school supports to reduce the likelihood of developing delinquent behavior. This article provides an overview of community and school approaches aimed at intervening on the school-to-prison pipeline. Community and school efforts are emerging that take into account empirical evidence demonstrating…

The Physician's Role in Prevention. Adolescent Alcoholism: Recognizing, Intervening, and Treating Series No. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fisher, Joseph V.; Krol, Ronald A.

This document is one of seven publications contained in a series of materials for physicians on recognizing, intervening with, and treating adolescent alcoholism. The materials in this unit of study offer guidelines to help physicians make responsible and informed decisions about their roles with adolescent patients. Materials are presented which…

The Effect of Perceived Child Anxiety Status on Parental Latency to Intervene with Anxious and Nonanxious Youth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aschenbrand, Sasha G.; Kendall, Philip C.

2012-01-01

Objective: We examined the effect of perceived child anxiety status on parental latency to intervene with anxious and nonanxious youth. Method: Parents (68) of anxiety-disordered (PAD) and nonanxiety-disordered (PNAD; 56) children participated. Participants listened and responded to an audio vignette of a parent-child interaction: Half were told…

Identifying and Intervening with Students Exhibiting Signs of Gaming Addiction and Other Addictive Behaviors: Implications for Professional School Counselors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hagedorn, W. Bryce; Young, Tabitha

2011-01-01

This article discusses strategies professional school counselors can use to recognize and intervene with students who are presenting with signs of addictive behaviors. First, the authors present a definition of addictive behaviors. The authors then define and discuss the most common addictive behaviors impacting adolescents, with a special…

Indirect Bullying: Predictors of Teacher Intervention, and Outcome of a Pilot Educational Presentation about Impact on Adolescent Mental Health

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dedousis-Wallace, Anna; Shute, Rosalyn H.

2009-01-01

We examined teacher characteristics predicting likelihood of intervening in indirect bullying (N=55) and piloted a 45-minute educational presentation about its mental health impact. Teachers' global empathy and perceived seriousness of indirect bullying vignettes were predictors of their likelihood of intervening, but knowledge of mental health…

49 CFR 1503.619 - Intervention.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Rules of Practice in TSA Civil Penalty Actions § 1503.619 Intervention. (a) A person may file a motion for leave to intervene as a party in a civil penalty action. The person must file a motion for leave... proceedings, the ALJ may grant a motion for leave to intervene if the person will be bound by any order or...

76 FR 77995 - Southcross Alabama Pipeline LLC; Notice of Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-15

... a motion to intervene or to protest this filing must file in accordance with Rules 211 and 214 of... considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken, but will not serve to make... or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or protests must be filed on or before...

76 FR 53426 - Moss Bluff Hub, LLC; Notice of Baseline Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-26

... desiring to participate in this rate proceeding must file a motion to intervene or to protest this filing... action to be taken, but will not serve to make protestants parties to the proceeding. Any person wishing to become a party must file a notice of intervention or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such...

78 FR 20099 - Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-03

... Carolinas, LLC; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and...) 502-6543, or email: mary.karwoski @ferc.gov. j. Deadline for filing comments, motions to intervene... Street NE., Washington, DC 20426. Please include the project number (p-2619-022) on any comments, motions...

77 FR 66600 - DR6275 LLC; Notice of Declaration of Intention and Soliciting Comments, Protests, and/or Motions...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-06

...; Notice of Declaration of Intention and Soliciting Comments, Protests, and/or Motions To Intervene Take..., or email address: [email protected] . j. Deadline for filing comments, protests, and/or motions is: 30 days from the issuance of this notice by the Commission. Comments, Motions to Intervene, and...

78 FR 20313 - PPL Electric Utilities Corporation; Notice of Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-04

... considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken, but will not serve to make... or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or protests must be filed on or before the comment date. On or before the comment date, it is not necessary to serve motions to intervene or...

77 FR 38043 - Great Lakes Hydro America, LLC; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-26

... America, LLC; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and.... Deadline for filing comments, motions to intervene, and protests, is July 23, 2012. All documents may be... of your comments. Please include the project number (P-2458-198) on any comments, motions, or...

76 FR 20652 - Idaho Power Company; Notice of Application of Land Management Plan Update for the Bliss, Upper...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-13

... Salmon Falls, and Lower Salmon Falls Projects and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Protests..., motions to intervene, and protests: May 6, 2011. All documents may be filed electronically via the... the project numbers (P-1975-109, P-2777-115, and P- 2061-088) on any comments, motions, or...

78 FR 36182 - APL SouthTex Transmission Company LP, Formerly TEAK Texana Transmission Company, LP; Notice of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-17

....214). Protests will be considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken... must file a notice of intervention or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or... before the intervention or protest date need not serve motions to intervene or protests on persons other...

76 FR 62398 - Northern States Power Company; Notice of Application To Amend License and Accepted for Filing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-07

..., Motions To Intervene, and Protests Take notice that the following hydroelectric application has been filed... comments, motions to intervene, and protests, is 30 days from the issuance date of this notice. All... the end of your comments. Please include the project number (P-2567-041) on any comments, motions, or...

78 FR 20314 - Jefferson Island Storage & Hub, L.L.C.; Notice of Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-04

... considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken, but will not serve to make... or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or protests must be filed on or before... protest date need not serve motions to intervene or protests on persons other than the Applicant. The...

78 FR 26360 - Dominion Transmission Inc.; Prior Notice Activity Under Blanket Certificate

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-06

... 214 of the Commission's Procedural Rules (18 CFR 385.214) a motion to intervene or notice of... considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken, but will not serve to make... or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such motions or protests must be filed on or before the...

76 FR 30328 - Alabama Power Company; Notice of Application For Amendment of License and Soliciting Comments...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-25

... Company; Notice of Application For Amendment of License and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and... . j. Deadline for filing comments, motions to intervene, and protests: June 20, 2011. All documents... the end of your comments. Please include the project number (P-2146-129) on any comments or motions...

78 FR 5438 - Green Mountain Power Corporation; Notice of Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-25

... considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken, but will not serve to make... or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or protests must be filed on or before the comment date. On or before the comment date, it is not necessary to serve motions to intervene or...

77 FR 24946 - Central Vermont Public Service Corporation; Notice of Application for Amendment of License and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-26

..., Motions To Intervene, and Protests Take notice that the following hydroelectric application has been filed.... Deadline for filing comments and or motions: Comments and or motions are due within 15 days of the date of... motions filed. The Commission's Rules of Practice and Procedure require all interveners filing documents...

77 FR 43593 - Notice of Application for Transfer of License, and Soliciting Comments and Motions To Intervene...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-25

... Application for Transfer of License, and Soliciting Comments and Motions To Intervene; NorQuest Seafoods, Inc.; City of Chignik On June 21, 2012, NorQuest Seafoods, Inc. (transferor) and the City of Chignik...: Transferor: President, NorQuest Seafoods, Inc., c/o Trident Seafoods Corporation, Attention: Mr. Bob Nelson...

The Effects of Distance and Intervening Obstacles on Visual Inference in Blind and Sighted Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bigelow, Ann E.

1991-01-01

Blind and visually impaired children, and children with normal sight, were asked whether an observer could see a toy from varying distances under conditions in which obstacles did or did not intervene between the toy and the observer. Blind children took longer than other children to master the task. (BC)

Bullying in Schools: What Is the Problem, and How Can Educators Solve It?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Strohmeier, Dagmar; Noam, Gil G.

2012-01-01

This chapter reviews recent research on bullying from an educator's perspective. It is well known that bullying, a serious issue in schools, can be prevented when educators intervene. But research has shown that it is difficult for educators to detect bullying situations in their school and intervene competently and effectively. This chapter…

Identity Styles and Interpersonal Behavior in Emerging Adulthood: The Intervening Role of Empathy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smits, Ilse; Doumen, Sarah; Luyckx, Koen; Duriez, Bart; Goossens, Luc

2011-01-01

This study examined the intervening role of empathy in the relations between identity styles (i.e., information-oriented, normative, and diffuse-avoidant styles), and inter-personal behaviors (i.e., prosocial behavior, self- and other-oriented helping, and physical and relational aggression). In a sample of 341 emerging adults, it was found that…

34 CFR Appendix D to Part 300 - Maintenance of Effort and Early Intervening Services

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Maintenance of Effort and Early Intervening Services D Appendix D to Part 300 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued... THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES Pt. 300, App. D Appendix D to Part 300—Maintenance of...

Processing of intervening sequences: a new yeast mutant which fails to excise intervening sequences from precursor tRNAs.

PubMed

Hopper, A K; Schultz, L D; Shapiro, R A

1980-03-01

By using conditional loss of suppression an an assay, we have been successful in screening for a yeast mutant which is defective in tRNA processing. The los1-1 mutation causes an accumulation of a subset of precursor tRNAs at the nonpermissive temperature. These pre-tRNAs are like those which accumulate in the yeast mutant ts 136 (rna1) in that they have transcribed intervening sequences. The mutations at los1-1 and rna1 complement and segregate independently of each other. The los1-1 mutation affects the expression of all 8 tyrosine-inserting suppressor loci, but does not seem to affect rRNA or mRNA synthesis.

Incarcerated Pediatric Hernias.

PubMed

Abdulhai, Sophia A; Glenn, Ian C; Ponsky, Todd A

2017-02-01

Indirect inguinal hernias are the most commonly incarcerated hernias in children, with a higher incidence in low birth weight and premature infants. Contralateral groin exploration to evaluate for a patent processus vaginalis or subclinical hernia is controversial, given that most never progress to clinical hernias. Most indirect inguinal hernias can be reduced nonoperatively. It is recommended to repair them in a timely fashion, even in premature infants. Laparoscopic repair of incarcerated inguinal hernia repair is considered a safe and effective alternative to conventional open herniorrhaphy. Other incarcerated pediatric hernias are extremely rare and may be managed effectively with laparoscopy. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Embryologic and anatomic basis of inguinal herniorrhaphy.

PubMed

Skandalakis, J E; Colborn, G L; Androulakis, J A; Skandalakis, L J; Pemberton, L B

1993-08-01

The embryology and surgical anatomy of the inguinal area is presented with emphasis on embryologic and anatomic entities related to surgery. We have presented the factors, such as patent processus vaginalis and defective posterior wall of the inguinal canal, that may be responsible for the genesis of congenital inguinofemoral herniation. These, together with impaired collagen synthesis and trauma, are responsible for the formation of the acquired inguinofemoral hernia. Still, we do not have all the answers for an ideal repair. Despite the latest successes in repair, we, to paraphrase Ritsos, are awaiting the triumphant return of Theseus.

Confronting the ’Essence of Decision’: Canada and the Cuban Missile Crisis

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-11-01

des mesures de guerre approuvé comme la principale cause du délai prolongé que l’on a connu. La présente étude a démontré que des ... du contrôle civil de l’armée. En réalité, cette hypothèse comprend deux volets. D’une part, de quelles mesures disposaient le MDN et la haute...vastes forces en devenir, s’est installée dans les processus nationaux de planification stratégique et de reconnaissance de la

Tailoring Wettability Through the Surface Modification of Electro-spun Polymers by Plasma and Sol-gel Treatments

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-11-01

Sa Majesté la Reine (en droit du Canada), telle que représentée par le ministre de la Défense nationale, 2014 DRDC-RDDC-2014-R102 i...avec la surface des matériaux est d’une importance fondamentale pour de nombreux processus, dont l’adhésion, les réactions chimiques, le transport...hydrodynamique et la nettoyabilité des surfaces. Les propriétés des surfaces peuvent se situer dans une gamme allant d’un caractère hydrophile ou

Besoins operationnels en fusion en matiere d’information et de renseignement (Operational Requirements for Fusion in the Fields of Information and Intelligence)

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-03-01

pas la somme d’opérations d’analyse et de synthèse successives leur cerveau réalise à leur insu pour transformer chaque bribe d’information anodine en...enregistrée dans un coin de son cerveau avec plus d’attributs qu’il n’en a vu. Son expérience militaire, la connaissance du contexte, les habitudes...donc d’arriver à imiter le plus fidèlement possible le processus intellectuel et psychologique qui anime le cerveau humain. Il est cependant posé que

Approche du Processus d'Auto-Formation Inspiree de la Methode des "Histoires de vie" dans le cadre de la Formation continuee des institutrices maternelles en Communaute francaise de Belgique (Approach to the Process of Self-Instruction Inspired by the "Life History" Method in the Framework of the Continuing Education of Preschool Teachers in the French-Speaking Community in Belgium).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brandt, Madeleine

1994-01-01

Describes a study of the use of a critical events questionnaire and "educational biography" as means of training preschool teachers to question their role as teachers; to question their relationship with children; and to liberate their consciousness. Discusses the quantitative and qualitative results of the self-evaluation processes. (AC)

Code of Silence: Students’ Perceptions of School Climate and Willingness to Intervene in a Peer's Dangerous Plan

PubMed Central

Syvertsen, Amy K.; Flanagan, Constance A.; Stout, Michael D.

2009-01-01

The current study presented 1,933 adolescents from 13 schools with a scenario about a hypothetical peer's plan to “do something dangerous” at school and asked how likely they would be to respond with four different actions: intervene directly, tell a teacher or principal, discuss it with a friend but not an adult, and do nothing. High school students were less likely than those in middle school to say they would approach the peer directly or confide in a teacher or principal. Students were most likely to favor taking action on their own over all of the other response strategies. Students with positive perceptions of their schools were more likely to say they would do something rather than ignore their peer's dangerous intentions. These relationships were mediated by students’ beliefs that confiding in a teacher may have unfavorable consequences. Findings from this study support the important role schools play in creating a culture where students take responsibility for one another. PMID:20126300

1995 feels so close yet so far: the effect of event markers on subjective feelings of elapsed time.

PubMed

Zauberman, Gal; Levav, Jonathan; Diehl, Kristin; Bhargave, Rajesh

2010-01-01

Why does an event feel more or less distant than another event that occurred around the same time? Prior research suggests that characteristics of an event itself can affect the estimated date of its occurrence. Our work differs in that we focused on how characteristics of the time interval following an event affect people's feelings of elapsed time (i.e., their feelings of how distant an event seems). We argue that a time interval that is punctuated by a greater number of accessible intervening events related to the target event (event markers) will make the target event feel more distant, but that unrelated intervening events will not have this effect. In three studies, we found support for the systematic effect of event markers. The effect of markers was independent of other characteristics of the event, such as its memorability, emotionality, importance, and estimated date, a result suggesting that this effect is distinct from established dating biases.

Teacher-Child Conflict and Aggressive Behaviour in First Grade: The Intervening Role of Children's Self-Esteem

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doumen, Sarah; Buyse, Evelien; Colpin, Hilde; Verschueren, Karine

2011-01-01

High levels of teacher-child conflict have repeatedly been found to amplify children's aggressive behaviour. Up to now, however, research on possible mechanisms explaining this link is largely lacking. The current study aimed to test whether children's self-esteem is an intervening mechanism. Participants were 139 children (70 boys, M age = 6.18…

Didactic Dissonance: Teacher Roles in Computer Gaming Situations in Kindergartens

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vangsnes, Vigdis; Økland, Nils Tore Gram

2015-01-01

In computer gaming situations in kindergartens, the pre-school teacher's function can be viewed in a continuum. At one extreme is the teacher who takes an intervening role and at the other extreme is the teacher who chooses to restrict herself/himself to an organising or distal role. This study shows that both the intervening position and the…

18-Month-Olds Predict Specific Action Mistakes through Attribution of False Belief, Not Ignorance, and Intervene Accordingly

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Knudsen, Birgit; Liszkowski, Ulf

2012-01-01

This study employed a new "anticipatory intervening" paradigm to tease apart false belief and ignorance-based interpretations of 18-month-olds' helpful informing. We investigated in three experiments whether 18-month-old infants inform an adult selectively about one of the two locations depending on the adult's belief about which of the two…

77 FR 58821 - Alcoa Power Generating Inc.; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing, Soliciting Comments...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-24

... that the period includes about 18 days to draw the reservoir down, maintaining a low stage for about 7... ``MOTION TO INTERVENE'' as applicable; (2) set forth in the heading the name of the applicant and the... 18 CFR 385.2001 through 385.2005. All comments, motions to intervene, or protests must set forth...

10 CFR 2.311 - Interlocutory review of rulings on requests for hearings/petitions to intervene, selection of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Interlocutory review of rulings on requests for hearings/petitions to intervene, selection of hearing procedures, and requests by potential parties for access to sensitive unclassified non-safeguards information and safeguards information. 2.311 Section 2.311 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION RULES OF...

78 FR 26358 - TransCanada Keystone Pipeline, LP; Notice of Petition for Declaratory Order

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-06

... considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken, but will not serve to make... or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or protests must be filed on or before the comment date. On or before the comment date, it is not necessary to serve motions to intervene or...

78 FR 20313 - American Municipal Power, Inc.; Michigan Public Power Agency; Notice of Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-04

... considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken, but will not serve to make... or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such notices, motions, or protests must be filed on or before the comment date. On or before the comment date, it is not necessary to serve motions to intervene or...

78 FR 13657 - Southwest Gas Storage Company; Prior Notice of Activity Under Blanket Certificate

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-28

... 385.214) a motion to intervene or notice of intervention and pursuant to Section 157.205 of the... appropriate action to be taken, but will not serve to make protestants parties to the proceeding. Any person wishing to become a party must file a notice of intervention or motion to intervene, as appropriate. Such...

Teacher and Staff Perceptions of School Environment as Predictors of Student Aggression, Victimization, and Willingness to Intervene in Bullying Situations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Espelage, Dorothy L.; Polanin, Joshua R.; Low, Sabina K.

2014-01-01

This study examines how teacher and staff perceptions of the school environment correlate with student self-reports of bullying, aggression, victimization, and willingness to intervene in bullying incidents using multi-informant, multilevel modeling. Data were derived from 3,616 6th grade students across 36 middle schools in the Midwest, who…

In Harm's Way: When Should We Risk American Lives in World Conflicts? A Study Circle Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lord, Mary, Ed.; McCoy, Martha L., Ed.

This four-session discussion guide, intended for use by teachers, students, and the community at large, explores the ethics of intervening or not intervening in conflicts abroad. Inserts provide current information on conflicts in Bosnia, Haiti, North Korea, and Somalia where U.S. military involvement is at issue, but the flexibility of the guide…

Questioning the rule of thumb: can verbal tasks be administered during the CVLT-II delay interval?

PubMed

Williams, Bethany R; Donovick, Peter J

2008-09-01

In the manual for the California Verbal Learning Test - II (CVLT-II), the authors suggest that nonverbal, rather than verbal, tasks be administered during the delay interval between administrations of the Short- and Long-Delay Recall trials of this test. They contend that this method minimizes the retroactive interference produced by intervening tasks. The purpose of the current study was to compare the extent to which verbal and nonverbal intervening tasks produce retroactive interference on CVLT-II List A recall following the long-delay. Participants in the present study were 120 undergraduate students. All participants completed the CVLT-II, and were randomly assigned to a group in which they were administered either a verbal (WAIS-III Vocabulary or Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test - IIIB) or nonverbal (Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices or WAIS-III Block Design) intervening task during the long-delay interval of the CVLT-II. Statistical analyses revealed that regardless of the type of intervening task given, participants in all groups recalled the same number of words and produced a similar number of intrusions during the CVLT-II recall trials. This indicates that not all verbal tasks produce retroactive effects beyond those produced by nonverbal tasks.

Masculinity and Bystander Attitudes: Moderating Effects of Masculine Gender Role Stress.

PubMed

Leone, Ruschelle M; Parrott, Dominic J; Swartout, Kevin M; Tharp, Andra Teten

2016-01-01

The purpose of the current study was to examine the bystander decision-making process as a mechanism by which men's adherence to various dimensions of traditional masculinity is associated with their confidence to intervene in sexually aggressive events. Further, this study examined the stress men experience from their attempts to adhere to traditional male gender roles as a moderator of this mediational path. Participants ( n = 252) completed measures of traditional masculinity, decisional balance (i.e., weighing the pros and cons) for intervening, masculine gender roles stress, and bystander efficacy. The belief that men must attain social status was associated with more confidence in men's ability to intervene. This effect was mediated by greater perceived positive consequences for intervention among men high, but not low, in masculine gender role stress. The belief that men should be tough and aggressive was associated with greater perceived negative consequences for intervention and less confidence to intervene. The belief that men should not act in stereotypically feminine ways was directly associated with less confidence for intervention. Findings highlight the importance of examining masculinity from a multidimensional perspective to better understand how adherence to various norms differentially influences bystander behavior. These findings may help to inform bystander intervention programming.

DIETARY MANAGEMENT FOR DYSLIPIDEMIA IN LIVER TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS.

PubMed

Pinto, Andressa S; Chedid, Marcio F; Guerra, Léa T; Cabeleira, Daiane D; Kruel, Cleber D P

2016-01-01

Dyslipidemia occurs in approximately 70% of all liver transplant (LT) recipients, and no prior control studies have demonstrated any dietary intervention to change it. To analyze the effects of a dietary intervention on the lipid profile of dyslipidemic LT recipients. All LT recipients with dyslipidemia on clinical follow-up were enrolled. Anthropometric evaluation, food history, body composition (bioimpedance) and assessment of basal metabolism through indirect calorimetry were performed. Patients met with a dietitian and an individualized diet based on estimate of basal metabolism and consisting of 25% of the total energy value in total fat and <200 mg/day of cholesterol was prescribed. Total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL), LDL-cholesterol (LDL), triglycerides (TG) and anthropometric measures were measured at baseline and six months after intervention. Fifty-thee out of 56 patients concluded follow-up; age was 59±10 years; 29 were men (51.8%). The analysis pre- and post-intervention were, respectively: TC 238.9±30 and 165.1±35, p<0.001; LDL 154±33 and 90±29, p<0.001; and TG 168 (IQR=51-200) and 137 (IQR=94-177), p=<0.001. They were all modified at six months following intervention. At baseline, none of the patients had normal TC, and only 12 (22.7%) had optimal/near optimal LDL. Following dietary intervention, 45 patients (84.9%) reached normal TC and 50 (94.4%) had optimal/near optimal LDL. HDL and anthropometric measures were not modified. Dietary counseling with prescription of individualized diet based on estimate of basal metabolism through indirect calorimetry was able to manage dyslipidemia in most LT recipients; so, all dyslipidemic LT recipients must be enrolled on a dietary program. A dislipidemia ocorre em aproximadamente 70% de todos os pacientes transplantados de fígado em acompanhamento ambulatorial. Não há relato prévio de qualquer intervenção dietética que houvesse controlado a dislipidemia nesse grupo de pacientes. Analisar os efeitos de uma intervenção dietética no perfil lipídico de pacientes transplantados hepáticos dislipidêmicos em acompanhamento ambulatorial. Foram incluídos todos os pacientes adultos transplantados hepáticos com dislipidemia e em acompanhamento ambulatorial em nossa instituição. Avaliação antropométrica, anamnese alimentar, composição corporal (bioimpedância) e cálculo do metabolismo basal (calorimetria indireta) foram realizados. Pacientes foram atendidos por uma nutricionista e uma dieta individualizada baseada no metabolismo basal e consistindo de 25% do valor energético em gorduras totais e menos de 200 mg/dia de colesterol foi prescrita. Colesterol total (CT), HDL-colesterol (HDL), LDL-colesterol (LDL), triglicerídeos (TG) e medidas antropométricas foram medidos antes do início da dieta, sendo repetidos seis meses após o início da intervenção dietética. Cinquenta e três pacientes concluíram o seguimento e tinham idade 59±10 anos e 29 eram homens (51,8%). CT pré-intervenção=238,9±30; pós-intervenção=165,1±35, p<0.001; LDL pré-intervenção=154±33; pós-intervenção=90±29, p<0.001 e TG pré-intervenção=168, IQR=151-200; pós-intervenção=137, IQR=94-177, p=<0.001 sofreram modificações significativas seis meses após a intervenção. Antes do estudo, nenhum dos pacientes apresentava níveis séricos normais para o CT, e apenas 12 pacientes (22,7%) tinham níveis séricos ótimo ou quase ótimos para o LDL. Seis meses após o início da intervenção, 45 pacientes (84,9%) alcançaram níveis séricos normais de CT e 50 (94,4%) níveis séricos ótimos ou quase ótimos de LDL. Os níveis séricos de HDL e as medidas antropométricas não sofreram modificações significativas. Aconselhamento dietético com prescrição de dieta individualizada baseada no cálculo do metabolismo basal mostrou-se efetivo no manejo da dislipidemia em pacientes transplantados hepáticos em seguimento ambulatorial. Assim, todos os pacientes transplantados hepáticos com dislipidemia devem ser incluídos em um programa de intervenção dietética sob orientação de nutricionista.

Yemen: Background and U.S. Relations

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-04-10

opportunity to intervene, may have provided President Saleh and his rivals financial incentives to settle their differences and move to a cease-fire. 2...reports to Hadi, that are addressing Al Qaeda and domestic threats to Yemen, and are not engaged in any political shenanigans .”22 Marine General...in Yemen and Lebanon: Maximizing the Effectiveness of US Security Assistance and International Financial Institution Lending, committee print, 111th

Yemen: Background and U.S. Relations

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-11-01

states frequently clashed, and the United States assisted the YAR, with Saudi Arabian financial support, by periodically providing it with weaponry. By...intervene, may have provided President Saleh and his rivals financial incentives to settle their differences and move to a cease-fire. Yemen’s Tenuous...7 Yemeni leaders have long claimed that Iran was trying to destabilize Yemen in order to secure more financial and

Women of valor: post-traumatic stress disorder in the dental practice.

PubMed

Kloeffler, G Davis

2015-01-01

Dental professionals can intervene in head, neck and facial pain found in female patients who suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There are three theories for why women are predisposed to pain: hormonal differences, nervous system rewiring and sympathetic issues. This article includes case studies of three patients who are representative of these theories. A rapid, nonintrusive intervention will also be described.

Arbiters of Social Unrest: Military Responses to the Arab Spring

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

of the Tunisian, Egyptian , Libyan, and Syrian militaries; and conclusions and suggestions for further research. This case study approach will...respective militaries behaved differently toward widespread protests. The Tunisian military refused to intervene in political affairs, while the Egyptian ...Libyan military and political leaders to the popular protests as well as the contentious deliberations among Egyptian military elites on whether or not

Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010: An Opportunity for School Nurses to Make a Difference

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Prokop, Jessica L.; Galon, Patricia

2011-01-01

Implementation of the Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 will provide an opportunity for school nurses to intervene in the serious childhood obesity problem in the United States. Major changes in the management of the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) will likely challenge schools yet may provide the impetus for a collaborative effort by the…

A Pilot Study Investigating TNF-α as a Potential Intervening Variable of Atypical Antipsychotic Associated Metabolic Syndrome in Bipolar Disorder

PubMed Central

Prossin, A. R.; Zalcman, S. S.; Evans, S. J.; McInnis, M. G.; Ellingrod, V. L.

2013-01-01

Background Strong associations exist between tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). While TNF-α is associated with Bipolar depression, its role in atypical antipsychotic (AAP) associated MetS in Bipolar Disorder (BD) is unclear. Here we investigate the potential intervening role TNF-α in the indirect relationship between AAP treatment and MetS in BD. Materials and Methods Using a cross-sectional design, 99 euthymic BD volunteers were stratified by presence/absence of MetS (NCEP-ATP-III). Serum TNF-α concentration, determined via chemiluminescent immunometric assays, was compared between groups (i.e. MetS or no MetS). We investigated the intervening effect of TNF-α on the relation between AAP treatment and MetS in BD using regression techniques. Results Treatment with antipsychotics believed associated with a higher risk for MetS (i.e. AAPs; olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, paliperidone, clozapine), was found to be associated with significantly greater TNF-α (F1,88=11.2, p=0.001, mean difference of 1.7 +/− 0.51) and a higher likelihood of MetS (F1,88=4.5, p=0.036) than in those not receiving treatment with an AAP. Additionally, TNF-α was greater (trending towards significance; T52=2.0, p=0.05) in BD volunteers with MetS and was found to have a statistically significant effect on the indirect relationship between AAP treatment and elevated waist circumference in these BD volunteers. Discussion These results identify TNF-α as a potential intervening variable of AAP associated MetS in BD, not previously identified in this population. Future prospective studies could assess the predictive potential of TNF-α in determining risk of AAP associated MetS in BD. Given previous evidence relating TNF-α and mood state in BD, this study increases the importance in understanding the role of TNF-α in “mind-body” interactions and renews discussions of the utility of research into the clinical efficacy of TNF-α antagonist treatment in mood disorders. PMID:23503445

Andromeda’s Parachute: A Bright Quadruply Lensed Quasar at z = 2.377

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rubin, Kate H. R.; O’Meara, John M.; Cooksey, Kathy L.; Matuszewski, Mateusz; Rizzi, Luca; Doppmann, Greg; Kwok, Shui; Martin, D. Christopher; Moore, Anna M.; Morrissey, Patrick; Neill, James D.

2018-06-01

We present Keck Cosmic Web Imager spectroscopy of the four putative images of the lensed quasar candidate J014710+463040 recently discovered by Berghea et al. The data verify the source as a quadruply lensed, broad absorption-line quasar having {z}{{S}}=2.377 +/- 0.007. We detect intervening absorption in the Fe II λλ2586, 2600, Mg II λλ2796, 2803, and/or C IV λλ1548, 1550 transitions in eight foreground systems, three of which have redshifts consistent with the photometric-redshift estimate reported for the lensing galaxy (z L ≈ 0.57). The source images probe these absorbers over transverse physical scales of ≈0.3–22 kpc, permitting assessment of the variation in metal-line equivalent width {W}{{r}} as a function of sight-line separation. We measure differences in {W}{{r},2796} of <40% across most of the sight-line pairs subtending 8–22 kpc, suggestive of a high degree of spatial coherence for the Mg II-absorbing material. {W}{{r},2600} varies by >50% over the same scales across the majority of sight-line pairs, while C IV absorption exhibits a wide range in {W}{{r},1548} differences of ≈5%–80% within transverse distances of ≲3 kpc. These spatial variations are consistent with those measured in intervening absorbers detected toward lensed quasars drawn from the literature, in which {W}{{r},2796} and {W}{{r},1548} vary by ≤20% in 35 ± 7% and 47 ± 6% of sight lines separated by <10 kpc, respectively. J014710+463040 is one of only a handful of z > 2 quadruply lensed systems for which all four source images are very bright (r = 15.4–17.7 mag) and are easily separated in ground-based seeing conditions. As such, it is an ideal candidate for higher-resolution spectroscopy probing the spatial variation in the kinematic structure and physical state of intervening absorbers.

Orchiopexy for intra-abdominal testes: factors predicting success.

PubMed

Stec, Andrew A; Tanaka, Stacy T; Adams, Mark C; Pope, John C; Thomas, John C; Brock, John W

2009-10-01

Intra-abdominal testes can be treated with several surgical procedures. We evaluated factors influencing the outcome of orchiopexy for intra-abdominal testis. We retrospectively reviewed 156 consecutive orchiopexies performed for intra-abdominal testis, defined as a nonpalpable testis on examination and located in the abdomen at surgery. All surgical approaches were included in the study. Primary outcome was the overall success rate and secondary outcomes were success based on surgical approach, age and a patent processus vaginalis. Success was considered a testis with normal texture and size compared to the contralateral testis at followup. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine factors predictive of success. The overall success rate of all orchiopexies was 79.5%. Median patient age at orchiopexy was 12 months and mean followup was 16 months. Of the patients 117 had a patent processus vaginalis at surgery. One-stage abdominal orchiopexy was performed in 92 testes with 89.1% success. Of these cases 32 were performed laparoscopically with 96.9% success. One-stage Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy was performed in 27 testes and 2-stage Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy was performed in 37 with success in 63.0% and 67.6%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that 1-stage orchiopexy without vessel division had more successful outcomes than 1 and 2-stage Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy (OR 0.24, p = 0.007 and 0.29, p = 0.19, respectively). Neither age at surgery nor an open internal ring was significant (p = 0.49 and 0.12, respectively). The overall success of orchiopexy for intra-abdominal testis is 79.5%. While patient selection remains a critical factor, 1-stage orchiopexy without vessel division was significantly more successful and a laparoscopic approach was associated with the fewest failures for intra-abdominal testes.

Assessment of the effectiveness of physical activity interventions in the Brazilian Unified Health System.

PubMed

Ribeiro, Evelyn Helena Corgosinho; Garcia, Leandro Martin Totaro; Salvador, Emanuel Péricles; Costa, Evelyn Fabiana; Andrade, Douglas Roque; Latorre, Maria do Rosario Dias de Oliveira; Florindo, Alex Antonio

2017-06-26

To assess the effect of interventions on the levels of physical activity of healthy adults, users of the Brazilian Unified Health System and attended by the Family Health Strategy. Non-randomized experimental study with 157 adults allocated in three groups: 1) physical exercise classes (n = 54), 2) health education (n = 54), 3) control (n = 49). The study lasted for18 months, with 12 months of interventions and six months of follow-up after intervention. Assessments took place at the beginning, in the 12 months, and in the 18 months of study. Physical activity has been assessed by questionnaires and accelerometry. For the analyses, we have used the intention-to-treat principle and generalized estimating equations. After 12 months, both intervention groups have increased the minutes of weekly leisure time physical activity and annual scores of physical exercise, leisure and transport-related physical activity. The exercise class group has obtained the highest average annual physical exercises score when compared to the other groups (p < 0.001). In the follow-up period, the exercise class group reduced its annual score (average: -0.3; 95%CI -0.5--0.1), while the health education group increased this score (average: 0.2; 95%CI 0.1-0.4). There have been no differences in the levels of physical activity measured by accelerometry. The interventions have been effective in increasing the practice of physical activity. However, we have observed that the health education intervention was more effective for maintaining the practice of physical activity in the period after intervention. We recommend the use of both interventions to promote physical activity in the Brazilian Unified Health System, according to the local reality of professionals, facilities, and team objectives. Avaliar o efeito de intervenções nos níveis de atividade física de adultos saudáveis, usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde e atendidos pela Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Estudo experimental, não randomizado, com 157 adultos alocados em três grupos: 1) classes de exercícios físicos (n = 54); 2) educação em saúde (n = 54); 3) controle (n = 49). O estudo teve duração de 18 meses, sendo 12 meses de intervenções e seis meses de acompanhamento pós-intervenção. As avaliações ocorreram no início, nos 12 e nos 18 meses de estudo. A atividade física foi avaliada por questionários e por acelerometria. Para as análises, utilizaram-se o princípio de intenção de tratar e equações de estimativas generalizadas. Após 12 meses, ambos os grupos de intervenção aumentaram os minutos semanais de atividade física no lazer e os escores anuais de exercícios físicos, de lazer e de deslocamento. O grupo das classes de exercícios físicos obteve maior média de escore anual de exercícios físicos em comparação com os outros grupos (p < 0,001). No período pós-intervenção, o grupo de classes de exercícios físicos reduziu o escore anual de exercícios físicos (média: -0,3; IC95% -0,5--0,1), enquanto o grupo de educação em saúde aumentou este escore (média: 0,2; IC95% 0,1-0,4). Não houve diferenças nos níveis de atividade física mensurados por acelerometria. As intervenções foram efetivas para aumentar a prática de atividade física. No entanto, observou-se que a intervenção de educação em saúde foi mais efetiva para a manutenção da prática de atividade física no período pós-intervenção. Recomenda-se a utilização de ambas as intervenções para a promoção da atividade física no Sistema Único de Saúde, de acordo com as realidades locais de profissionais, instalações e objetivos das equipes.

When to Intervene: Elementary School, Middle School or Both? Effects of keepin’ It REAL on Substance Use Trajectories of Mexican Heritage Youth

PubMed Central

Kulis, Stephen; Yabiku, Scott T.; Nieri, Tanya A.; Coleman, Elizabeth

2011-01-01

This article presents the findings of a study exploring two questions: What age is most efficacious to expose Mexican heritage youth to drug abuse prevention interventions, and what dosage of the prevention intervention is needed? These issues are relevant to Mexican heritage youth—many from immigrant families—in particular ways due to the acculturation process and other contextual factors. The study utilized growth curve modeling to investigate the trajectory of recent substance use (alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, inhalants) among Mexican heritage students (N = 1,670) participating in the keepin’ it REAL drug prevention program at different developmental periods: the elementary school (5th grade), middle school (7th grade), or both. The findings provide no evidence that intervening only in elementary school was effective in altering substance use trajectories from 5th to 8th grade, either for licit nor illicit substances. Implementing keepin’ it REAL in middle school alone altered the trajectories of use of all four substances for Mexican heritage youth. A double dose of prevention, in elementary and middle school proved to be equally as effective as intervening in 7th grade only, and only for marijuana and inhalants. The decrease in use of marijuana and inhalants among students in the 7th-grade-only or the 5th- and 7th-grade interventions occurred just after students received the curriculum intervention in 7th grade. These results are interpreted from an ecodevelopmental and culturally specific perspective and recommendations for prevention and future research are discussed. PMID:21128119

When to intervene: elementary school, middle school or both? Effects of keepin' it REAL on substance use trajectories of Mexican heritage youth.

PubMed

Marsiglia, Flavio F; Kulis, Stephen; Yabiku, Scott T; Nieri, Tanya A; Coleman, Elizabeth

2011-03-01

This article presents the findings of a study exploring two questions: What age is most efficacious to expose Mexican heritage youth to drug abuse prevention interventions, and what dosage of the prevention intervention is needed? These issues are relevant to Mexican heritage youth-many from immigrant families-in particular ways due to the acculturation process and other contextual factors. The study utilized growth curve modeling to investigate the trajectory of recent substance use (alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, inhalants) among Mexican heritage students (N = 1,670) participating in the keepin' it REAL drug prevention program at different developmental periods: the elementary school (5th grade), middle school (7th grade), or both. The findings provide no evidence that intervening only in elementary school was effective in altering substance use trajectories from 5th to 8th grade, either for licit nor illicit substances. Implementing keepin' it REAL in middle school alone altered the trajectories of use of all four substances for Mexican heritage youth. A double dose of prevention, in elementary and middle school proved to be equally as effective as intervening in 7th grade only, and only for marijuana and inhalants. The decrease in use of marijuana and inhalants among students in the 7th-grade-only or the 5th- and 7th-grade interventions occurred just after students received the curriculum intervention in 7th grade. These results are interpreted from an ecodevelopmental and culturally specific perspective and recommendations for prevention and future research are discussed.

A Method to Estimate the Atomic Number and Mass Thickness of Intervening Materials in Uranium and Plutonium Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy Measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Streicher, Michael; Brown, Steven; Zhu, Yuefeng; Goodman, David; He, Zhong

2016-10-01

To accurately characterize shielded special nuclear materials (SNM) using passive gamma-ray spectroscopy measurement techniques, the effective atomic number and the thickness of shielding materials must be measured. Intervening materials between the source and detector may affect the estimated source isotopics (uranium enrichment and plutonium grade) for techniques which rely on raw count rates or photopeak ratios of gamma-ray lines separated in energy. Furthermore, knowledge of the surrounding materials can provide insight regarding the configuration of a device containing SNM. The described method was developed using spectra recorded using high energy resolution CdZnTe detectors, but can be expanded to any gamma-ray spectrometers with energy resolution of better than 1% FWHM at 662 keV. The effective atomic number, Z, and mass thickness of the intervening shielding material are identified by comparing the relative attenuation of different gamma-ray lines and estimating the proportion of Compton scattering interactions to photoelectric absorptions within the shield. While characteristic Kα x-rays can be used to identify shielding materials made of high Z elements, this method can be applied to all shielding materials. This algorithm has adequately estimated the effective atomic number for shields made of iron, aluminum, and polyethylene surrounding uranium samples using experimental data. The mass thicknesses of shielding materials have been estimated with a standard error of less than 1.3 g/cm2 for iron shields up to 2.5 cm thick. The effective atomic number was accurately estimated to 26 ± 5 for all iron thicknesses.

The Impact of Computing Interpregnancy Intervals Without Accounting for Intervening Pregnancy Events.

PubMed

Conzuelo-Rodriguez, Gabriel; Naimi, Ashley I

2018-03-01

Short interpregnancy intervals (IPI) are associated with poor birth outcomes. Often, only livebirths are considered to estimate IPI. The objective of our work is to explore whether the associations between demographic, behavioural, and pregnancy variables and IPI change when events other than livebirth are included. We used data from the 2006-10 and 2011-13 period of the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG). We defined IPI using the conception date of the index pregnancy and the event date of the previous one ending in (i) livebirth; (ii) stillbirth; (iii) miscarriage; (iv) abortion; or (v) any of these events. Risk ratios (RR) were estimated for short IPI (<18 months), and demographic, pregnancy, and behavioural variables using log-linear models. When intervening events are included, the association between short IPI and its predictors vary by definition, especially for unintended versus intended pregnancies (only livebirth risk ratio [RR] 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2, 1.5) versus livebirth and miscarriage RR 1.14, 95% CI 1.0, 1.3) and women older than 30 vs. younger than 20 at resolution of the previous pregnancy (only livebirth RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.0, 1.5 versus livebirth and miscarriage RR 1.36, 95% CI 1.2, 1.6). Including miscarriage as an intervening event in the calculation of IPI changes the association between several risk factors and short IPI. However, the association between short IPI and preterm birth does not vary when different IPI calculations are used. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

77 FR 60415 - Newburgh Hydro, LLC, Notice of Application Accepted for Filing, Soliciting Motions To Intervene...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-03

... filed electronically via the Internet. See 18 CFR 385.2001(a)(1)(iii) and the instructions on the... capacity of 56.7 MW; (4) a 1,500-foot-long tailrace with a submerged dike approximately at the midpoint for... intervening; and (4) otherwise comply with the requirements of 18 CFR 385.2001 through 385.2005. All comments...

77 FR 50490 - Notice of Application for Amendment of License and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-21

..., 18 CFR 385.2001(a)(1)(iii) and the instructions on the Commission's web site at http://www.ferc.gov... docks would occupy 2.56 acres of project lands along 2,290.65 feet of shoreline. Concrete walkways and a... comply with the requirements of 18 CFR 385.2001 through 385.2005. All comments, motions to intervene, or...

Response Time Distributional Evidence for Distinct Varieties of Number Attraction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Staub, Adrian

2010-01-01

Speakers are known to make subject-verb agreement errors both when a number-mismatching noun intervenes between the head of the subject phrase and the verb (e.g., "*The key to the cabinets are on the table") and in configurations in which there is a number-mismatching noun that does not intervene (e.g., "*The cabinets that the key open are on the…

Deviant Constructions: How Governments Preserve Colonial Narratives of Addictions and Poor Mental Health to Intervene into the Lives of Indigenous Children and Families in Canada

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Leeuw, Sarah; Greenwood, Margo; Cameron, Emilie

2010-01-01

Colonial projects in Canada have a long history of violently intervening into the personal lives and social structures of Indigenous peoples. These interventions are associated with elevated rates of addictions and mental health issues among Indigenous peoples. In this paper we employ an indigenized social determinants approach to mental health…

Biosecurity and Circulation of Influenza A (H5N1) Virus in Live-Bird Markets in Bangladesh, 2012.

PubMed

Biswas, P K; Giasuddin, M; Nath, B K; Islam, M Z; Debnath, N C; Yamage, M

2017-06-01

Bangladesh has been considered as one of the five countries endemic with highly pathogenic avian influenza A subtype H5N1 (HPAI H5N1). Live-bird markets (LBMs) in south Asian countries are believed to play important roles in the transmission of HPAI H5N1 and others due to its central location as a hub of the poultry trading. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations has been promoting improved biosecurity in LBMs in Bangladesh. In 2012, by enrolling 32 large LBMs: 10 with FAO interventions and 22 without assistance, we assessed the virus circulation in the selected LBMs by applying standard procedures to investigate market floors, poultry stall floors, poultry-holding cases and slaughter areas and the overall biosecurity using a questionnaire-based survey. Relative risk (RR) was examined to compare the prevalence of HPAI H5N1 in the intervened and non-intervened LBMs. The measures practised in significantly more of the FAO-intervened LBMs included keeping of slaughter remnants in a closed container; decontamination of poultry vehicles at market place; prevention of crows' access to LBM, market/floor cleaning by market committee; wet cleaning; disinfection of floor/poultry stall after cleaning; and good supply of clean water at market (P < 0.05). Conversely, disposal of slaughter remnants elsewhere at market and dry cleaning were in operation in more of the FAO non-intervened LBMs (P < 0.05). The RR for HPAI H5N1 in the intervened and non-intervened LBMs was 1.1 (95% confidence interval 0.44-2.76), suggesting that the proportion positive of the virus in the two kinds of LBM did not vary significantly (P = 0.413). These observations suggest that the viruses are still maintained at the level of production in farms and circulating in LBMs in Bangladesh regardless of interventions, albeit at lower levels than in other endemic countries. © 2015 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

[Evaluation of the program "Strong families: love and limits" in families with teenagers aged 10 to 14 years].

PubMed

Corea V, M Loreto; Zubarew G, Tamara; Valenzuela M, M Teresa; Salas P, Francisca

2012-06-01

"Strong Families" is a family program aimed at preventing risk behaviors in adolescents from 10 to 14 years of age. It has been developed by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) and is based on the Iowa Strengthening Families Program. This program has been certified and has been proven to effectively prevent adolescent drug and alcohol abuse in several countries around the globe. To evaluate the Strong Families Program toward adjusting current parenting styles, aiming to decrease risk behaviors in Chilean adolescents. A quasi-experimental study involving 120 families, selected from 6 schools within the Metropolitan Region of Santiago, Chile. A group of 129 adolescents and 124 parents were chosen by convenience to be intervened. A control group of 223 adolescents and 165 parents were not intervened. The families that underwent intervention attended to 7 educational sessions. The intervened and control groups were evaluated before intervention as well as 6 months after intervention, by means of self-administered evaluation tools. The intervened parents showed significant parenting changes six months after intervention, which resulted in less yelling (p = 0.007), insults (p = 0.002) and lack of control when their children misbehaved (p = 0.008). Regarding the risk behaviors in the intervened and control adolescents, no changes were observed in terms of the consumption rate of tobacco, alcohol or illegal drug use, or in sexual risk behaviors. After six months of intervention, the Program proved to be effective in modifying parenting styles. However, no changes were observed in risk behaviors among adolescents, which could occur within a longer period of time, as reported in other studies.

Preventing Sexual Violence Through Bystander Intervention: Attitudes, Behaviors, Missed Opportunities, and Barriers to Intervention Among Australian University Students.

PubMed

Kania, Rachel; Cale, Jesse

2018-03-01

The concept of bystander intervention is gaining popularity in universities as a mechanism to prevent sexual violence. Prior research has focused on correlates of bystanders' intentions to intervene and intervention behaviors in situations where there is a risk of sexual violence. The current study builds on this literature by exploring the nature of missed opportunities, including perceived barriers to intervention. In all, 380 Australian undergraduate university students completed an online survey. Measures included a rape myth acceptance scale, bystander intentions to intervene, actual intervention behaviors, missed opportunities for intervention, and perceived barriers for missed opportunities. Promisingly, students reported high levels of intentions to intervene in situations where there was a risk of sexual violence and reported relatively few missed opportunities to do so when these situations did occur. Intervention behaviors varied by important demographic characteristics such as gender, age, attitudes toward sexual violence, and the nature of the situation. Younger female students, with lower levels of rape myth acceptance, who had previously engaged in bystander intervention behaviors were more likely to report intentions to intervene in future risky situations, and female international students reported fewer missed opportunities for intervention. The most common barrier to intervention for identified missed opportunities was a failure to recognize situations as having a potential risk for sexual violence, and students were most likely to intervene in situations when the opportunity to help a friend in distress arose. This study provides some preliminary empirical evidence about bystander intervention against sexual violence among Australian university students, and identifies unique contexts for intervention and what current barriers to intervention may be.

The effects of an urban renewal project on health and health inequalities: a quasi-experimental study in Barcelona.

PubMed

Mehdipanah, Roshanak; Rodríguez-Sanz, Maica; Malmusi, Davide; Muntaner, Carles; Díez, Elia; Bartoll, Xavier; Borrell, Carme

2014-09-01

In the last decade, the Neighbourhoods Law in Catalonia (Spain) funded municipalities that presented urban renewal projects within disadvantaged neighbourhoods focusing on physical, social and economic improvements. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of this law on the health and health inequalities of residents in the intervened neighbourhoods in the city of Barcelona. A quasi-experimental predesign and postdesign was used to compare adult residents in five intervened neighbourhoods with eight non-intervened comparison neighbourhoods with similar socioeconomic characteristics. The Barcelona Health Survey was used for studying self-rated and mental health in pre (2001, 2006) and post (2011) years. Poisson regression models stratified by sex were used to compute prevalence ratios comparing 2011 with 2006, and later stratified by social class, to study health inequalities. The intervened neighbourhoods had a significant decrease in poor self-rated health in both sexes while no significant changes occurred in the comparison group. When stratified by social class, a significant improvement was observed in poor self-rated health in the manual group of the intervened neighbourhoods in both sexes, resulting in a decrease in self-rated health inequalities. Similar results were observed in poor mental health of women, while in men, poor mental health worsens in both neighbourhood groups but mostly in the comparison group. The Neighbourhoods Law had a positive effect on self-rated health and seems to prevent poor mental health increases in both sexes and especially among manual social classes. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.

Canadian Forces Training and Mental Preparation for Adversity: Empirical Review of Stoltz ’Adversity Quotient (AQ) Training for Optimal Response to Adversity’, A Review of the AQ Literature and Supporting Studies

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-07-01

canadiennes. Enfin, nous faisons des recommandations aux FC sur la mise en ceuvre duS processus de d6veloppement du QA comme mesure proactive. Un examen...critique des ouvrages lies au QA et A d’autres sujets connexes a montr6 que le concept du QA est fond6 sur un certain nombre de thdories sens~es sur la...rdsilience. Cependant, m~me si le cadre th~orique et le programme de d6veloppement du QA pourraicnt 8tre valides dans un contexte industriel

Spectral measurements and analyses of atmospheric effects on remote sensor data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hulstrom, R. L.

1975-01-01

The radiance as measured by a satellite remote sensor is determined by a number of different factors, including the intervening atmosphere, the target reflectivity characteristics, the characteristics of the total incident solar irradiance, and the incident solar irradiance/sensor viewing geometry. Measurement techniques and instrumentation are considered, taking into account total and diffuse solar irradiance, target reflectance/radiance, atmospheric optical depth/transmittance, and atmospheric path radiance.

Parents' Appraisals of the Animacy and Likability of Socially Interactive Robots for Intervening with Young Children with Disabilities. Social Robots Research Reports, Number 2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dunst, Carl J.; Trivette, Carol M.; Prior, Jeremy; Hamby, Deborah W.; Embler, Davon

2013-01-01

Findings from a survey of parents' ratings of seven different human-like qualities of four socially interactive robots are reported. The four robots were Popchilla, Keepon, Kaspar, and CosmoBot. The participants were 96 parents and other primary caregivers of young children with disabilities 1 to 12 years of age. Results showed that Popchilla, a…

Quantum dynamics intervened by repeated nonselective measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Filippov, Sergey N.

We derive the theory of open quantum system dynamics intervened by a series of nonselective measurements. We analyze the cases of time-independent and time-dependent Hamiltonian dynamics between the measurements and find the approximate master equation in the stroboscopic limit. We also consider a situation, in which the measurement basis changes in time, and illustrate it by nonselective measurements in the basis of diabatic states of the Landau-Zener model.

The Effect of the Length of To-Be-Remembered Lists and Intervening Lists on Free Recall: A Reexamination Using Overt Rehearsal

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ward, Geoff; Tan, Lydia

2004-01-01

In 3 experiments, the authors investigated the effects of to-be-remembered (TBR) and intervening list length on free recall to determine whether selective rehearsal could explain the previous finding that recall was affected only by TBR list length. In Experiments 1 (covert rehearsal) and 2 (overt rehearsal), participants saw 5- and 20-word lists…

Masculinity and Bystander Attitudes: Moderating Effects of Masculine Gender Role Stress

PubMed Central

Leone, Ruschelle M.; Parrott, Dominic J.; Swartout, Kevin M.; Tharp, Andra Teten

2018-01-01

Objective The purpose of the current study was to examine the bystander decision-making process as a mechanism by which men’s adherence to various dimensions of traditional masculinity is associated with their confidence to intervene in sexually aggressive events. Further, this study examined the stress men experience from their attempts to adhere to traditional male gender roles as a moderator of this mediational path. Method Participants (n = 252) completed measures of traditional masculinity, decisional balance (i.e., weighing the pros and cons) for intervening, masculine gender roles stress, and bystander efficacy. Results The belief that men must attain social status was associated with more confidence in men’s ability to intervene. This effect was mediated by greater perceived positive consequences for intervention among men high, but not low, in masculine gender role stress. The belief that men should be tough and aggressive was associated with greater perceived negative consequences for intervention and less confidence to intervene. The belief that men should not act in stereotypically feminine ways was directly associated with less confidence for intervention. Conclusions Findings highlight the importance of examining masculinity from a multidimensional perspective to better understand how adherence to various norms differentially influences bystander behavior. These findings may help to inform bystander intervention programming. PMID:29593932

[What roles can posters and television play to influence social participation of persons with mental disabilities?].

PubMed

El Shourbagi, Sahar

2009-01-01

For a long time, Québec has fostered the integration and social participation of people with an intellectual disability. However, few adaptations have been made in the context of integration. The current situation of these people is characterized by poverty, dependency, illiteracy and isolation. The "Processus de production du handicap" (Disability Creation Process) shows that this situation can be improved by adapting certain environmental elements, such as television and posters, to the characteristics of these people. These two modes of communication could respond to the needs of people with an intellectual disability by more directly fostering their social participation. This would contribute to increased acceptance of their differences on the part of the general population, encourage them to act on their own behalf, encourage them to feel they are capable of and will succeed at accomplishing a task, and better serve them in terms of accessing information. In addition, creators of media messages should assume the responsibility of adapting their messages to the characteristics and needs of people with an intellectual disability by such means as simplifying texts or adding pictograms.

[Effect of Leonurus Heterophyllus Sweet on tissue factor transcription and expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro].

PubMed

Zheng, Lian; Fang, Chi-hua

2007-06-01

To investigate the effect of Leonurus Heterophyllus Sweet, (LHS) on tissue factor (TF) transcription and expression induced by thrombin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HUVECs were incubated with different concentrations of LHS and the TF mRNA expression was detected by reverse transcript-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). LHS treatment of HUVECs at different concentrations and for different times resulted in significant differences in TF expression (Plt;0.01). The transcription of TF in LHS-treated cells was significantly different from that of the blank control group (Plt;0.01). LHS can decrease the expression of TF and intervene with TF transcription in HUVECs in vitro.

Teledetection passive et processus decisionnel a reference spatiale: Application a l'aquaculture en milieu marin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Habbane, Mohamed

L'objectif de cette etude est d'elaborer un processus decisionnel a reference spatiale (PDRS) pour la mariculture. Le PDRS est applique aux eaux cotieres de la baie des Chaleurs, dans le golfe du Saint-Laurent (Canada). Une carte preliminaire regionale d'indices du potentiel maricole, d'une limite de resolution spatiale de 1 kmsp2, est produite avec des parametres du niveau 1. Ces parametres englobent la temperature de l'eau de surface, extraite des images AVHRR, la salinite, les courants ainsi que les pigments chlorophylliens, quantifies a l'aide de mesures in situ. Les images AVHRR, prises en 1994, ont ete utiliees comme reference primaire pour selectionner des aires pouvant supporter une activite maricole sur la cote nord de la baie des Chaleurs. La temperature de surface extraite de ces images permet une analyse mesoechelle a la fois qualitative et quantitative des processus cotiers observes pendant la periode d'acquisition des donnees. Les autres donnees, soit la salinite, les courants et les concentrations en pigments chlorophylliens, sont analysees de facon a identifier la variabilite spatio-temporelle des caracteristiques des eaux de surface. L'ensemble des informations permet de produire une carte preliminaire regionale d'indices du potentiel maricole de la partie centrale de la baie des Chaleurs. Selon cet indice (defini entre 0 et 1), le secteur de potentiel aquicole de 0,5 a 0,75 s'etend sur une superficie d'environ 300 kmsp2. La localisation de cette aire potentielle est en accord avec les fortes concentrations en pigments chlrophylliens, presentant des conditions environnementales ideales a une haute productivite biologique. Par la suite la carte preliminaire est modifiee en tenant compte des parametres du niveau 2. Ces parametres sont la geomorphologie littorale, la bathymetrie, les sediments en suspension, les vents, les vagues, le debit d'eau douce, la glace marine, le carbone organique dissous, les aires de peche et les sources de pollution. Ces parametres sont compares deux a deux par rapport a la carte preliminaire regionale d'indices du potentiel maricole pour determiner leur poids relatif. La carte finale produite avec ces parametres du niveau 2 presente un secteur ou les indices du potentiel maricole sont de 0,5 a 0,75. Ce secteur longe la cote et epouse les isobathes de 10 a 30 m de profondeur. L'effet de la profondeur d'eau semble avoir jouer un role important. Le secteur de potentiel maricole de 0,25 a 0,5 est toujours present et couvre une superficie d'environ 426 kmsp2. L'etude necessitera toujours un suivi des conditions environnementales prevalant dans la region. Ce suivi peut etre effectue a l'aide d'un outil de vision aerospatiale (capteurs de teledetection) et d'analyse spatio-temporelle (SIG-PDRS). (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

L'ethique de l'environnement comme dimension transversale de l'education en sciences et en technologies: Proposition d'un modele educationnel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chavez, Milagros

Cette these presente la trajectoire et les resultats d'une recherche dont l'objectif global est de developper un modele educationnel integrant l'ethique de l'environnement comme dimension transversale de l'education en sciences et en technologies. Face au paradigme positiviste toujours dominant dans l'enseignement des sciences, il a semble utile d'ouvrir un espace de reflexion et de proposer, sous forme d'un modele formel, une orientation pedagogique qui soit plus en resonance avec quelques-unes des preoccupations fondamentales de notre epoque: en particulier celle qui concerne la relation de humain avec son environnement et plus specifiquement, le role de la science dans le faconnement d'une telle relation, par sa contribution a la transformation des conditions de vie, au point de compromettre les equilibres naturels. En fonction de cette problematique generale, les objectifs de la recherche sont les suivants: (1) definir les elements paradigmatiques, theoriques et axiologiques du modele educationnel a construire et (2) definir ses composantes strategiques. De caractere theorico-speculatif, cette recherche a adopte la demarche de l'anasynthese, en la situant dans la perspective critique de la recherche en education. Le cadre theorique de cette these s'est construit autour de quatre concepts pivots: modele educationnel, education en sciences et en technologies, transversalite educative et ethique de l'environnement. Ces concepts ont ete clarifies a partir d'un corpus textuel, puis, sur cette base, des choix theoriques ont ete faits, a partir desquels un prototype du modele a ete elabore. Ce prototype a ensuite ete soumis a une double validation (par des experts et par une mise a l'essai), dans le but d'y apporter des ameliorations et, a partir de la, de construire un modele optimal. Ce dernier comporte deux dimensions: theorico-axiologique et strategique. La premiere s'appuie sur une conception de l'education en sciences et en technologies comme appropriation d'un patrimoine culturel, dans une perspective critique et emancipatrice. Dans cette optique, l'ethique de l'environnement intervient comme processus reflexif et existentiel de notre relation a l'environnement, susceptible d'etre integre comme dimension transversale de la dynamique educative. A cet effet, la dimension strategique du modele suggere une approche transversale de type existentiel, une strategie globale de type dialogique et des strategies pedagogiques specifiques dont des strategies d'apprentissage et des strategies d'evaluation. La realisation de ce modele a mis en relief certaines perspectives interessantes. Par exemple (1) la necessite de croiser la dimension cognitive des processus educatifs en sciences et en technologies avec d'autres dimensions de l'etre humain (affective, ethique, existentielle, sociale, spirituelle, etc.); (2) une vision de l'education en sciences et en technologies comme acte de liberte fondamentale qui consiste a s'approprier de facon critique un certain patrimoine culturel; (3) une vision de l'ethique de l'environnement comme processus de reflexion qui nous confronte a des questions existentielles de base.

The Relationship between Public Middle School Teachers' Reports of Their Empathy and Their Reports of Their Likelihood of Intervening in a Bullying Situation: An Action Research Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Singh, Jasdeep

2013-01-01

The purpose of this action research was to explore and describe the relationship between middle school teachers' reports of their empathy and their reports of their likelihood of intervening in a bullying situation. Teacher volunteers from a single middle school within a suburban school district in a northeastern state were asked to complete…

Active Shooters: Is Law Enforcement Ready for a Mumbai Style Attack?

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-01

wolves and small terrorist cells ” represented the nation’s biggest terrorist threat because their low profile made it difficult to intervene or...and small terrorist cells ” represent the nation’s biggest terrorist threat because their low profile making it difficult to intervene before they act...conversation on his cell phone, “…Everything is being 38 recorded by the media. Inflict the maximum damage. Keepfighting. Don’t be taken alive

49 CFR 176.708 - Segregation distances.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... of intervening cargo of unit density for persons, and 0, 3, or 6 feet of intervening cargo of unit density for undeveloped film. Cargo of unit density is stowed cargo with a density of 1 long ton (2240 lbs... (unit density) Nil 3 Nil 3 6 Nil 3 6 Nil 3 6 Nil 3 6 Nil 3 6 Nil 3 6 Nil 3 6 Nil 3 6 0.1 to 0.5 5 X 6 X...

49 CFR 176.708 - Segregation distances.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... of intervening cargo of unit density for persons, and 0, 3, or 6 feet of intervening cargo of unit density for undeveloped film. Cargo of unit density is stowed cargo with a density of 1 long ton (2240 lbs... (unit density) Nil 3 Nil 3 6 Nil 3 6 Nil 3 6 Nil 3 6 Nil 3 6 Nil 3 6 Nil 3 6 Nil 3 6 0.1 to 0.5 5 X 6 X...

The effect of the length of to-be-remembered lists and intervening lists on free recall: a reexamination using overt rehearsal.

PubMed

Ward, Geoff; Tan, Lydia

2004-11-01

In 3 experiments, the authors investigated the effects of to-be-remembered (TBR) and intervening list length on free recall to determine whether selective rehearsal could explain the previous finding that recall was affected only by TBR list length. In Experiments 1 (covert rehearsal) and 2 (overt rehearsal), participants saw 5- and 20-word lists and had to recall the list prior to that last presented list. In Experiment 3, either 1 or 2 lists were presented, and recall of TBR list was postcued. Recall proportion decreased with increased TBR list length. Moreover, the authors found extended recency effects when recall was replotted by when words were last rehearsed (Experiments 2 and 3) and an effect of intervening list length when rehearsal was reduced (Experiment 3). ((c) 2004 APA, all rights reserved).

Mothers' physical interventions in toddler play in a low-income, African American sample.

PubMed

Ispa, Jean M; Claire Cook, J; Harmeyer, Erin; Rudy, Duane

2015-11-01

This mixed method study examined 28 low-income African American mothers' physical interventions in their 14-month-old toddlers' play. Inductive methods were used to identify six physical intervention behaviors, the affect accompanying physical interventions, and apparent reasons for intervening. Nonparametric statistical analyses determined that toddlers experienced physical intervention largely in the context of positive maternal affect. Mothers of boys expressed highly positive affect while physically intervening more than mothers of girls. Most physically intervening acts seemed to be motivated by maternal intent to show or tell children how to play or to correct play deemed incorrect. Neutral affect was the most common toddler affect type following physical intervention, but boys were more likely than girls to be upset immediately after physical interventions. Physical interventions intended to protect health and safety seemed the least likely to elicit toddler upset. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Effect of Perceived Child Anxiety Status on Parental Latency to Intervene with Anxious and Non-Anxious Youth

PubMed Central

Aschenbrand, Sasha G.; Kendall, Philip C.

2012-01-01

Objective Examined the effect of perceived child anxiety status on parental latency to intervene with anxious and non-anxious youth. Method Parents (68) of anxiety-disordered (PAD) and non-anxiety-disordered (56: PNAD) children participated. Participants listened and responded to an audio vignette of a parent-child interaction: half were told the child was anxious and half were given a neutral description. Participants completed measures of anxiety and emotional responding before and after the audio vignette, and signaled when the mother on the vignette should accommodate the child. Results Whereas PNAD responded significantly faster when provided with neutral information about the child than when told the child was anxious, PAD did not differ in response latency. However, PAD exhibited a significant increase in state anxiety and negative affect and a decrease in positive affect after the vignette, whereas PNAD did not. Conclusions Results suggest that PNAD are more flexible and adaptable in their parenting behavior than PAD and that the greater anxiety and emotional lability of PAD may influence their parenting. Suggestions for research are discussed. PMID:22309473

Theoretical design of a new chimeric protein for the treatment of breast cancer

PubMed Central

Soleimani, Meysam; Mahnam, Karim; Mirmohammad-Sadeghi, Hamid; Sadeghi-Aliabadi, Hojjat; Jahanian-Najafabadi, Ali

2016-01-01

p28 and NRC peptides are two anticancer peptides with various mechanisms have shown to be effective against breast cancer. Therefore, it seems that construction of a chimeric protein containing the two peptides might cause synergistic cytotoxic effects. However, since the two peptides bear opposite charges, production of a chimeric protein in which the two moieties do not intervene each other is difficult. In this study, our goal was to find a suitable peptide linker for the new chimeric protein in a manner that none of the peptides intervene the other’s function. We selected some linkers with different characteristics and lengths and created a small library of the chimeric proteins harboring these linkers. Homology modeling and molecular dynamic simulation revealed that (PA)5P and (EAAAK)3 linkers can separate the p28 and NRC peptides effectively. Thus, the chimeric protein linked with (PA)5P or (EAAAK)3 linkers might show synergistic and stronger anticancer effects than the separate peptide moieties because they could exert their cytotoxic effects freely which is not influenced by the other part. PMID:27499788

Comprehensive Sexuality Education as a Longitudinal Predictor of LGBTQ Name-Calling and Perceived Willingness to Intervene in School.

PubMed

Baams, Laura; Dubas, Judith Semon; van Aken, Marcel A G

2017-05-01

Comprehensive sexuality education and sexuality education that is inclusive to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth is thought to educate and support youth in their social relations. Despite the obligation for Dutch schools to cover sexuality education in their curricula, including the topic of sexual diversity, the content that is covered varies widely across schools. With the current study, we present an overview of the content of sexuality education as reported by a sample of 601 Dutch adolescents (58.4% female youth) from six different high schools (e.g., public, Roman Catholic, protestant, anthroposophical; grades 10-12). Further, we examine whether the content or extensiveness of sexuality education at the beginning of the school year is related to a decrease in LGBTQ name-calling and an increase in the willingness to intervene when witnessing LGBTQ name-calling at the end of the school year. Adolescents completed three surveys, spaced four months apart. The results show that anatomy, STI prevention, and relationships are covered most often in sexuality education, with less attention to sexual diversity. Our longitudinal findings show that having a wide variety of topics covered in sexuality education-not just sexual diversity-was related to an increase in perceived willingness to intervene when witnessing LGBTQ name-calling by teachers or school staff, fellow students, and youth themselves (female youth). It also predicted a decrease in the occurrence of name-calling according to females. Our findings emphasize the importance of having comprehensive sexuality education in schools; it not only educates and empowers youth but also signals a safer school climate.

Does Recognition of Meaning in Life Confer Resiliency to Suicide Ideation Among Community-Residing Older Adults? A Longitudinal Investigation.

PubMed

Heisel, Marnin J; Flett, Gordon L

2016-06-01

To test a theoretical model of the onset and/or exacerbation of late-life suicide ideation, incorporating consideration of risk, resiliency, and precipitating factors. A longitudinal study investigating whether recognition of meaning in life (MIL) at baseline confers resiliency to the onset and/or exacerbation of suicide ideation over a 6- to 22-month period of follow-up, controlling for baseline depression, self-rated health, and physical functioning, and for frequency and intensity of intervening daily hassles. Mental health research offices in an urban academic health sciences center. 173 community-residing older adults (mean: 73.9 years, SD: 6.1 years, range: 65-93 years) recruited from health, wellness, and interest programs, and from newspaper ads and flyers posted in London, Ontario, a mid-sized Canadian city. A total of 126 (73%) completed follow-up assessments. Participants completed a demographics form, a cognitive screen, and measures of suicide ideation and of risk (depressive symptom severity, self-rated health problems, and physical functioning) and potential resiliency (recognition of MIL) factors at baseline and follow-up assessment points, and a measure of intervening daily hassles. MIL at baseline was negatively associated with the onset and/or exacerbation of suicide ideation over time, controlling for risk factors and intervening precipitating factors. The extent and relative significance of this finding differed with the manner in which MIL and suicide ideation were operationalized. Study findings add to a growing body of knowledge suggesting that MIL may play an important role in promoting mental health and well-being and potentially conferring resiliency to contemplations of suicide in later life. Copyright © 2016 American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Elder Abuse and Neglect Intervention in the Clinical Setting: Perceptions and Barriers Faced by Primary Care Physicians in Malaysia.

PubMed

Mohd Mydin, Fadzilah Hanum; Othman, Sajaratulnisah

2017-08-01

This qualitative study attempts to explore the definition, perceptions, practice experience, and barriers of primary care physicians (PCPs) in identifying and intervening in cases of elder abuse and neglect at the primary care level. Semistructured in-depth interview was conducted among 10 PCPs. Participants were selected by purposive sampling. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis. In general, PCPs showed consistency in defining elder abuse and neglect. PCPs considered that they were optimally positioned to intervene in cases of elder abuse and neglect, but indicated the potential of overlooking such problems. The hurdles faced by PCPs in the identification and intervention of elder abuse were determined to be occurring at three levels: clinical, organizational, and policy. At the clinical level, PCPs recognize that they are lacking both the confidence and knowledge of elder abuse and neglect intervention. PCPs' conflicting personal and professional beliefs create barriers during the clinical practice. Time constraints, patients' other clinical problems, and, in addition, the preservation of a good doctor-patient relationship overshadow the importance of addressing and intervening in elder abuse and neglect issues during the consultation. This is further exacerbated by the barriers perceived by the patients: their nondisclosure and reluctance to accept outside intervention. At the organizational level, the lack of efficient interagency networks or support for the health system poses barriers. At the policy level, the absence of legislation specifically addressing elder abuse also creates considerable difficulties. However, PCPs gave differing responses when asked about a law concerning the elderly and mandatory reporting. Addressing these multilevel barriers is critical for ensuring that opportunities arising at the primary care level for elder maltreatment intervention are correctly utilized.

Aspects of Clock Resetting in Flowering of Xanthium 1

PubMed Central

Papenfuss, Herbert D.; Salisbury, Frank B.

1967-01-01

Flowering is induced in Xanthium strumarium by a single dark period exceeding about 8.3 hours in length (the critical night). To study the mechanism which measures this dark period, plants were placed in growth chambers for about 2 days under constant light and temperature, given a phasing dark period terminated by an intervening light period (1 min to several hrs in duration), and finally a test dark period long enough normally to induce flowering. In some experiments, light interruptions during the test dark period were given to establish the time of maximum sensitivity. If the phasing dark period was less than 5 hours long, its termination by a light flash only broadened the subsequent time of maximum sensitivity to a light flash, but the critical night was delayed. In causing the delay, the end of the intervening light period was acting like the dusk signal which initiated time measurement at the beginning of the phasing dark period. If the phasing dark period was 6 hours or longer, time of maximum sensitivity during the subsequent test dark period was shifted by as much as 10 to 14 hours. In this case the light terminating the phasing dark period acted as a rephaser or a dawn signal. Following a 7.5-hour phasing dark period, intervening light periods of 1 minute to 5 hours did not shift the subsequent time of maximum sensitivity, but with intervening light periods longer than 5 hours, termination of the light acts clearly like a dusk signal. The clock appears to be suspended during intervening light periods longer than 5 to 15 hours. It is restarted by a dusk signal. There is an anomaly with intervening light periods of 10 to 13 hours, following which time of maximum sensitivity is actually less than the usual 8 hours after dusk. Ability of the clock in Xanthium to be rephased, suspended, restarted, or delayed, depending always upon conditions of the experiment, is characteristic of an oscillating timer and may confer upon this plant its ability to respond to a single inductive cycle. It is suggested that phytochrome may influence only the phase of the clock and not other aspects of flowering such as synthesis of flowering hormone. PMID:16656693

First adequately-known quadrupedal sirenian from Eurasia (Eocene, Bay of Biscay, Huesca, northeastern Spain).

PubMed

Díaz-Berenguer, Ester; Badiola, Ainara; Moreno-Azanza, Miguel; Canudo, José Ignacio

2018-03-23

Sirenians are the only extant herbivorous mammals fully adapted to an aquatic lifestyle. They originated in Africa during the Paleocene from an undetermined clade of afrotherian mammals, and by the end of the Eocene they were widely distributed across the tropical latitudes. Here we introduce Sobrarbesiren cardieli gen. et sp. nov. It is the first adequately-known quadrupedal sirenian from Eurasia and the oldest record of this clade from western Europe. Fossils have been recovered from the middle Lutetian (SBZ15) site of Castejón de Sobrarbe-41 (Huesca, Spain), and comprise many cranial and postcranial remains, including pelvic girdle and hind limb bones, from at least six sirenian individuals of different ontogenetic stages. Sobrarbesiren shows a suite of characters previously considered synapomorphies of different clades of derived sirenians, such as the presence of the processus retroversus of the squamosal and the pterygoid fossa, combined with ancestral characters such as the presence of an alisphenoid canal, a permanent P5, at least two sacral vertebrae, a primitive pelvis and functional femora and fibulae. Sobrarbesiren is recovered as the sister taxon of Dugongidae and represents a transitional stage of adaptation to aquatic life between the amphibious quadrupedal prorastomids and the aquatic quadrupedal protosirenids.

THE RISE OF DIVORCE AND SEPARATION IN THE UNITED STATES, 1880–1990

PubMed Central

RUGGLES, STEVEN

2011-01-01

I use the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series to assess the potential effects of local labor-market conditions on long-term trends and race differences in marital instability. The rise of female labor-force participation and the increase in nonfarm employment are closely associated with the growth of divorce and separation. Moreover, higher female labor-force participation among black women and lower economic opportunities for black men may account for race differences in marital instability before 1940, and for most of such differences in subsequent years. However, unmeasured intervening cultural factors are probably responsible for at least part of these effects. PMID:9545625

Investigation of NO interaction on Rh/doped TiO2-based automotive catalyst using combined transient diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared and mass spectrometry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chafik, T.; Ouassini, A.; Verykios, X. E.

1998-07-01

The interaction of NO with Rh supported on W+6 doped TiO2 has been investigated by coupling transient diffuse reflectance Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The experiments were carried out in dynamic conditions (under reactant flow and at temperature reaction) at atmospheric pressure. By comparing the results obtained with undoped Rh/TiO2 and Rh/TiO2(W6+) catalysts, the analytical approach used permitted to emphasis the effect of carrier doping, with respect to the elementary steps and surface intermediates involved in NO interaction process. It was found that W6+-doping of TiO2 promotes significantly the formation of Rh-NO- species and enhances the thermal stability of Rh-NO+ on Rh/TiO2 (W6+) surfaces. This leads to a drastic increase in the selectivity of NO decomposition reaction towards N2 formation, whereas the N2O yield decreases significantly. L'intéraction de NO sur un catalyseur à base de rhodium supporté sur TiO2 dopé par le tungstène W6+ a été étudiée en régime transitoire par couplage de la spectroscopie Infrarouge Diffuse à Transformée de Fourier (DRIFT) et la spectrométrie de masse. Ces études ont été effectuées dans des conditions dynamiques (sous flux de réactifs gazeux et à la température de la réaction) à la pression atmosphérique. La comparaison des études menées avec des catalyseurs non dopé (Rh/TiO2) et dopé (Rh/TiO2(W6+)) a permis de mettre en évidence l'influence du dopage du support catalytique sur la nature des intermédiaires superficiels et les étapes élémentaires intervenant dans le processus d'interaction de NO avec ces solides. Il a été montré que le dopage de TiO2 par W6+ accroît la formation des espèces Rh-NO- et la stabilité thermique des espèces Rh-NO+ sur Rh/TiO2(W6+). Ceci est à l'origine de l'augmentation de la sélectivité de la conversion de NO en N2 suite à la diminution considérable de la quantité N2O formée.

[Comparative evaluation of mastoidoplasty results in application of various plastic materials].

PubMed

Zaporoshchenko, A Iu; Kravchenko, S V

2015-01-01

The results of surgical treatment of 62 patients, suffering chronic purulent middle otitis, were analyzed. The structure of mastoid processus and attic constitutes a base for choice of middle ear surgical sanation. Sanation operation with preservation or reconstruction of external acoustical meatus posterior wall was finished with combined mastoidoplasty using autobone, spongioid bone bioimplant Tutoplast or bioceramic material "Sintekost". Achievement of a steady sanating effect have promoted in late postoperative period a trustworthy lowering of the perception threshold of the bone--conducted sounds as on vocal, and also on high frequencies, while of the air--conducted sounds--on vocal frequencies. This permits in perspective to perform a hearing--improving operations with good functional result.

Seminar on the Structure of Aeronautical R&D Held in Lisbon, Portugal on 31 May-1 Jun 1990, Patras, Greece on 4-5 June 1990 and Ankara, Turkey on 7-8 June 1990 (La Structure de la Recherche et Developpement en Aeronautique)

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-05-01

comprehension du processus de la R&D a6ronautiquc, mais elles sont loin d𔄀tre exhaustives . Les opinions et les exp6riences pr6sent6es dmanent de lAm6rique...into the exhaust nozzle, possibly with some low level of F Liquid ..... j afterburning during the acceleration phase. Advanced engine technology...hypersonic vehicles show stagnation temperatures much lower, Obviously, advanced cooling methods such as heat pipes will be required. However. at lower

Processus et bilan des flux hydriques d'un bassin versant de milieu tropical de socle au Bénin (Donga, haut Ouémé)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kamagaté, Bamory; Séguis, Luc; Favreau, Guillaume; Seidel, Jean-Luc; Descloitres, Marc; Affaton, Pascal

2007-05-01

Hydrodynamic, geochemical, and subsurface geophysical investigations, for two consecutive years with contrasting rainfall conditions, were used to characterize the hydrological processes occurring, and the water balance of a 586-km 2 watershed in Benin (Africa). The water table's monitoring shows that recharge occurs by direct infiltration of rainfall, and represents between 5 to 24% of the annual rainfall. Both surface water outflow, limited to the rainy season, and water chemistry indicate a weak groundwater contribution to river discharge. This implies that the calculated variations in annual runoff coefficients (of 14 and 28%) are mainly governed by surface and subsurface flows.

Modeling microbial processes in porous media

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Murphy, Ellyn M.; Ginn, Timothy R.

The incorporation of microbial processes into reactive transport models has generally proceeded along two separate lines of investigation: (1) transport of bacteria as inert colloids in porous media, and (2) the biodegradation of dissolved contaminants by a stationary phase of bacteria. Research over the last decade has indicated that these processes are closely linked. This linkage may occur when a change in metabolic activity alters the attachment/detachment rates of bacteria to surfaces, either promoting or retarding bacterial transport in a groundwater-contaminant plume. Changes in metabolic activity, in turn, are controlled by the time of exposure of the microbes to electron acceptors/donor and other components affecting activity. Similarly, metabolic activity can affect the reversibility of attachment, depending on the residence time of active microbes. Thus, improvements in quantitative analysis of active subsurface biota necessitate direct linkages between substrate availability, metabolic activity, growth, and attachment/detachment rates. This linkage requires both a detailed understanding of the biological processes and robust quantitative representations of these processes that can be tested experimentally. This paper presents an overview of current approaches used to represent physicochemical and biological processes in porous media, along with new conceptual approaches that link metabolic activity with partitioning of the microorganism between the aqueous and solid phases. Résumé L'introduction des processus microbiologiques dans des modèles de transport réactif a généralement suivi deux voies différentes de recherches: (1) le transport de bactéries sous forme de colloïdes inertes en milieu poreux, et (2) la biodégradation de polluants dissous par une phase stationnaire de bactéries. Les recherches conduites au cours des dix dernières années indiquent que ces processus sont intimement liés. Cette liaison peut intervenir lorsqu'un changement dans l'activité métabolique modifie les taux de fixation/libération de bactéries des surfaces, soit en facilitant, soit en retardant le transport bactérien dans le panache de polluant de l'eau souterraine. Des changements de l'activité métabolique peuvent en retour être contrôlés par le temps d'exposition des microbes à des donneurs ou à des accepteurs d'électrons et à d'autres composés affectant cette activité. De façon similaire, l'activité métabolique peut affecter la réversibilité de la fixation, en fonction du temps de séjour des microbes actifs. Ainsi, les améliorations de l'analyse quantitative des organismes souterrains nécessitent d'établir des liens directs entre les possibilités du substrat, l'activité métabolique, la croissance et les taux de fixation/libération. Cette liaison nécessite à la fois une compréhension détaillée des processus biologiques et des représentations quantitatives robustes de ces processus qui puissent être testées expérimentalement. Cet article présente une revue des approches courantes utilisées pour représenter les processus physio-chimiques et biologiques en milieu poreux, en même temps que de nouvelles approches conceptuelles qui associent l'activité métabolique à la répartition des micro-organismes entre les phases aqueuse et solide. Resumen La incorporación de los procesos microbianos en los modelos de transporte reactivos ha procedido tradicionalmente a lo largo de dos líneas de investigación independientes: (1) el transporte de bacterias como coloides inertes en el medio poroso, y (2) la biodegradación de los contaminantes disueltos por una fase estacionaria de bacterias. En los últimos años se ha comprobado que estos dos procesos están muy interrelacionados. En concreto, un cambio en la actividad metabólica puede alterar la relación de adsorción/desorción de las bacterias, favoreciendo o retardando el transporte bacteriano en un penacho de contaminación. A su vez, los cambios en la actividad metabólica están controlados, entre otros factores, por el tiempo de exposición de los microbios a los receptores/donantes de electrones. Además, la actividad metabólica puede afectar la reversibilidad de la adsorción, en función del tiempo de residencia de los microbios activos. Así, el análisis cuantitativo de la actividad subsuperficial biótica necesita de un estudio detallado de las conexiones entre disponibilidad del substrato, actividad metabólica, crecimiento y relación de adsorción/desorción, lo que requiere tanto un conocimiento de los procesos biológicos, como una representación cuantitativa robusta de dichos procesos, comprobable experimentalmente. Este artículo presenta una revisión de los métodos actuales para representar los procesos fisioquímicos y biológicos en el medio poroso, además de nuevas metodologías para relacionar la actividad metabólica con el fraccionamiento de los microorganismos entre las fases sólida y acuosa.

Southeast Asia Report

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-10-04

peso- dollar rate has slightly moved be- yond PI8.60, the rate which held on for about two weeks. Favila, also one-time head of the Forex Club of...intervene in their forex markets in order to defend the local; curren- cy," he said. Thus the CB should intervene only in accordance with its econo- mic...banks in order to let the forex market "lift off." He said this will open the gates for the local forex market and facilitate free flow

Improving Access to Care for Warfighters: Virtual Worlds Technology to Enhance Primary Care Training in Post-Traumatic Stress and Motivational Interviewing

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-10-01

chronic mental and physical health problems. Therefore, the project aims to: (1) iteratively design a new web-based PTS and Motivational Interviewing...result in missed opportunities to intervene to prevent chronic mental and physical health problems. The project aims are to: (1) iteratively design a new...intervene to prevent chronic mental and physical health problems. We propose to: (1) Iteratively design a new web-based PTS and Motivational

"Screen and intervene": governing risky brains.

PubMed

Rose, Nikolas

2010-01-01

This article argues that a new diagram is emerging in the criminal justice system as it encounters developments in the neurosciences. This does not take the form that concerns many "neuroethicists" -- it does not entail a challenge to doctrines of free will and the notion of the autonomous legal subject -- but is developing around the themes of susceptibility, risk, pre-emption and precaution. I term this diagram "screen and intervene" and in this article I attempt to trace out this new configuration and consider some of the consequences.

Using counterfactuals to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of controlling biological invasions.

PubMed

McConnachie, Matthew M; van Wilgen, Brian W; Ferraro, Paul J; Forsyth, Aurelia T; Richardson, David M; Gaertner, Mirijam; Cowling, Richard M

2016-03-01

Prioritizing limited conservation funds for controlling biological invasions requires accurate estimates of the effectiveness of interventions to remove invasive species and their cost-effectiveness (cost per unit area or individual). Despite billions of dollars spent controlling biological invasions worldwide, it is unclear whether those efforts are effective, and cost-effective. The paucity of evidence results from the difficulty in measuring the effect of invasive species removal: a researcher must estimate the difference in outcomes (e.g. invasive species cover) between where the removal program intervened and what might have been observed if the program had not intervened. In the program evaluation literature, this is called a counterfactual analysis, which formally compares what actually happened and what would have happened in the absence of an intervention. When program implementation is not randomized, estimating counterfactual outcomes is especially difficult. We show how a thorough understanding of program implementation, combined with a matching empirical design can improve the way counterfactual outcomes are estimated in nonexperimental contexts. As a practical demonstration, we estimated the cost-effectiveness of South Africa's Working for Water program, arguably the world's most ambitious invasive species control program, in removing invasive alien trees from different land use types, across a large area in the Cape Floristic Region. We estimated that the proportion of the treatment area covered by invasive trees would have been 49% higher (5.5% instead of 2.7% of the grid cells occupied) had the program not intervened. Our estimates of cost per hectare to remove invasive species, however, are three to five times higher than the predictions made when the program was initiated. Had there been no control (counter-factual), invasive trees would have spread on untransformed land, but not on land parcels containing plantations or land transformed by agriculture or human settlements. This implies that the program might have prevented a larger area from being invaded if it had focused all of its clearing effort on untransformed land. Our results show that, with appropriate empirical designs, it is possible to better evaluate the impacts of invasive species removal and therefore to learn from past experiences.

One-year follow-up of a coach-delivered dating violence prevention program: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Miller, Elizabeth; Tancredi, Daniel J; McCauley, Heather L; Decker, Michele R; Virata, Maria Catrina D; Anderson, Heather A; O'Connor, Brian; Silverman, Jay G

2013-07-01

Perpetration of physical, sexual, and psychological abuse is prevalent in adolescent relationships. One strategy for reducing such violence is to increase the likelihood that youth will intervene when they see peers engaging in disrespectful and abusive behaviors. This 12-month follow-up of a cluster RCT examined the longer-term effectiveness of Coaching Boys Into Men, a dating violence prevention program targeting high school male athletes. This cluster RCT was conducted from 2009 to 2011. The unit of randomization was the school, and the unit of analysis was the athlete. Data were analyzed in 2012. Participants were male athletes in Grades 9-11 (N=1513) participating in athletics in 16 high schools. The intervention consisted of training athletic coaches to integrate violence prevention messages into coaching activities through brief, weekly, scripted discussions with athletes. Primary outcomes were intentions to intervene, recognition of abusive behaviors, and gender-equitable attitudes. Secondary outcomes included bystander behaviors and abuse perpetration. Intervention effects were expressed as adjusted mean between-arm differences in changes in outcomes over time, estimated via regression models for clustered, longitudinal data. Perpetration of dating violence in the past 3 months was less prevalent among intervention athletes relative to control athletes, resulting in an estimated intervention effect of -0.15 (95% CI=-0.27, -0.03). Intervention athletes also reported lower levels of negative bystander behaviors (i.e., laughing and going along with peers' abusive behaviors) compared to controls (-0.41, 95% CI=-0.72, -0.10). No differences were observed in intentions to intervene (0.04, 95% CI=-0.07, 0.16); gender-equitable attitudes (-0.04, 95% CI=-0.11, 0.04); recognition of abusive behaviors (-0.03, 95% CI=-0.15, 0.09); or positive bystander behaviors (0.04, 95% CI=-0.11, 0.19). This school athletics-based dating violence prevention program is a promising approach to reduce perpetration and negative bystander behaviors that condone dating violence among male athletes. This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov NCTO1367704. Copyright © 2013 American Journal of Preventive Medicine.

Healthy, hunger-free kids act of 2010: an opportunity for school nurses to make a difference.

PubMed

Prokop, Jessica L; Galon, Patricia

2011-12-01

Implementation of the Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 will provide an opportunity for school nurses to intervene in the serious childhood obesity problem in the United States. Major changes in the management of the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) will likely challenge schools yet may provide the impetus for a collaborative effort by the interdisciplinary school staff and parents to make a real difference for children. School nurses must use this occasion for a change to promote healthy eating habits and increased physical activity levels for students to carry into adulthood.

[Pregnancy in New World camelids].

PubMed

Gauly, M; Bourke, D

1997-01-01

There is a growing number of llama- and alpacabreeders in Europe. Therefore veterinarians are often asked to intervene in clinical management of different problems, especially reproductive problems. In this review the authors attempt to summarize the different possibilities of pregnancy diagnosis and to give an short overview of reproduction in female llamas and alpacas. South American Camelids are induced ovulators and ovulation will occur within 12 to 24 hours following a single breeding. Llamas and alpacas develop follicular waves. The females will usually not ovulate unless a 7 mm or larger follicle exist on one of the ovaries. Corpus luteum is needed for maintenance of pregnancy.

Ground-water flow in the New Jersey Coastal Plain

USGS Publications Warehouse

Martin, Mary

1998-01-01

Ground-water flow in 10 aquifers and 9 intervening confining units of the New Jersey Coastal Plain was simulated as part of the Regional Aquifer System Analysis. Data on aquifer and confining unit characteristics and on pumpage and water levels from 1918 through 1980 were incorporated into a multilayer finite-difference model. The report describes the conceptual hydrogeologic model of the unstressed flow systems, the methods and approach used in simulating flow, and the results of the simulations.

[New global challenges: the role of international organizations].

PubMed

Nardi, L; Scaroni, E; Riccardo, F; De Rosa, A G; Pacini, A; Russo, G; Pacifici, L E

2007-01-01

Facing the numerous humanitarian emergencies that upset the international balances, the International Organisations (IO) who intervene are: the Agencies of the United Nations (UN), the International Federation of the Red Cross (IFRC) and NGOs. In the sector of international health cooperation, the World Health Organization (WHO) has elaborated a document, the International Health Regulations (IHR), that regulates the health workers' activity during a health emergency. In this paper different International Organizations employed in international humanitarian crisis are described.

Future Indonesia-East Timor Relations: An Analysis of the Regional Security Practices in the Cold War and After

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-06-01

reiteration of the most dominant feature of the post-Cold War global order the emergence of ethnic and religious issues as major themes of state and...security. Considerations such as historical roots and legacy, ethnic identities, civilization linkages, colonial experiences, geographic location, and...extremely complex in nature. A common phenomenon during the Cold War was the tendency of the armed forces to intervene when ethnic differences arose. Thus

Electrophoretic separator for purifying biologicals

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

This technique separates a single narrow zone of sample mixture in an electrolyte medium into many zones containing a single component of the mixture and electrolyte between them. Since the densities of the separated zones generally differ from that of the intervening medium, such systems are gravitationally unstable and stabilization is required. The various techniques for stabilization include using the capillary space provided by thin films, the interstices of solid material such as filter paper and a variety of gel-forming substances.

Uptake of atrial fibrillation screening aiming at stroke prevention: geo-mapping of target population and non-participation.

PubMed

Engdahl, Johan; Holmén, Anders; Rosenqvist, Mårten; Strömberg, Ulf

2013-08-03

In a screening study for silent atrial fibrillation (AF), which is a frequent source of cardiac emboli with ischemic stroke, the proportion of non-participants was considerable and their clinical profile differed from the participants' profile. We intended to geo-map the target population and non-participation in an attempt to understand factors related to screening uptake and, thereby, obtain useful information needed to intervene for improved uptake. In the municipality of Halmstad, Sweden, all residents born in 1934-1935 were invited to the screening study during April 2010 to February 2012. The total study group included 848 participants and 367 non-participants from 12 parishes. Geo-maps displaying participation, along with target-population-based geo-maps displaying proportion of immigrants and ischemic stroke incidence, were used. Smoothed non-participation ratios (SmNPR) varied from 0.81 to 1.24 across different parishes (SmNRP=1 corresponds to the expected participation based on the total study group). Among high risk individuals, the geographical variation was more pronounced (SmNPR range 0.75-1.51). Two parishes with higher share of immigrants and elevated population-based ischemic stroke incidence showed markedly lower participation, particularly among high-risk individuals. AF screening uptake varied evidently between parishes, particularly among high-risk individuals. Geo-mapping of target population and non-participation yielded useful information needed to intervene for improved screening uptake.

Mechanical properties of Zr41.2Ti13.8Ni10Cu12.5Be22.5 bulk metallic glass with different geometric confinements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Changqin; Zhang, Haifeng; Sun, Qilei; Liu, Kegao

2018-03-01

Zr41.2Ti13.8Ni10Cu12.5Be22.5 (Vit 1) bulk metallic glass with Cu sleeves at different positions was prepared by the Cu mold casting method, and the effects of different geometric confinements offered by Cu sleeves on the mechanical properties of Vit 1 were investigated. It was found that the mechanical properties were prominently influenced by different geometric confinements and the plasticity could be modified by optimizing the positions of Cu sleeves. The results revealed that shear band initiation and propagation could be efficiently intervened by changing the radial boundary restraints, which led to quite different mechanical behaviors.

School Personnel's Bystander Action in Situations of Dating Violence, Sexual Violence, and Sexual Harassment Among High School Teens: A Qualitative Analysis.

PubMed

Edwards, Katie M; Rodenhizer, Kara Anne; Eckstein, Robert P

2017-04-01

We examined school personnel's engagement in bystander action in situations of teen dating violence (DV), sexual violence (SV), and sexual harassment (SH). We conducted focus groups with 22 school personnel from three high schools in New Hampshire. School personnel identified their own barriers to intervening in situations of teen DV, SV, and SH (e.g., not having the time or ability to intervene). School personnel also discussed the ways in which they intervened before (e.g., talking with teens about healthy relationships), during (e.g., breaking up fights between dating partners) and after (e.g., comforting victims) instances of teen DV, SV, and SH. These data can be used to support the development of bystander training for school personnel as one component of comprehensive DV, SV, and SH prevention for teens. In addition, these data provide information that can be used to develop measures that assess school personnel bystander action barriers and behaviors in instances of teen DV, SV, and SH.

LHC, le Big Bang en éprouvette

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

Notre compréhension de l’Univers est en train de changer… Bar des Sciences - Tout public Débat modéré par Marie-Odile Montchicourt, journaliste de France Info. Evenement en vidéoconférence entre le Globe de la science et de l’innovation, le bar le Baloard de Montpellier et la Maison des Métallos à Paris. Intervenants au CERN : Philippe Charpentier et Daniel Froideveaux, physiciens au CERN. Intervenants à Paris : Vincent Bontemps, philosophe et chercheur au CEA ; Jacques Arnould, philosophe, historien des sciences et théologien, Jean-Jacques Beineix, réalisateur, producteur, scénariste de cinéma. Intervenants à Montpellier (LPTA) : André Neveu, physicien théoricien et directeur demore » recherche au CNRS ; Gilbert Moultaka, physicien théoricien et chargé de recherche au CNRS. Partenariat : CERN, CEA, IN2P3, Université MPL2 (LPTA) Dans le cadre de la Fête de la science 2008.« less

The line-locking hypothesis, absorption by intervening galaxies, and the z = 1.95 peak in redshifts

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Burbidge, G.

1978-01-01

The controversy over whether the absorption spectrum in QSOs is intrinsic or extrinsic is approached with attention to the peak of redshifts at z = 1.95. Also considered are the line-locking and the intervening galaxy hypotheses. The line locking hypothesis is based on observations that certain ratios found in absorption line QSOs are preferred, and leads inevitably to the conclusion that the absorption line systems are intrinsic. The intervening galaxy hypothesis is based on absorption redshifts resulting from given absorption cross-sections of galactic clusters and the intergalactic medium, and would lead to the theoretical conclusion that most QSOs show strong absorption, a conclusion which is not supported by empirical data. The 1.95 peak, on the other hand, is most probably an intrinsic property of QSOs. The peak is enhanced by redshift, and it is noted that both an emission and an absorption redshift peak are seen at 1.95.

Direction-specific interaction forces underlying zinc oxide crystal growth by oriented attachment

DOE PAGES

Zhang, X.; Shen, Z.; Liu, J.; ...

2017-10-10

Here, crystallization by particle attachment is impacting our understanding of natural mineralization processes and holds promise for novel materials design. When particles assemble in crystallographic registry, expulsion of the intervening solvent and particle coalescence is enabled by near-perfect co-alignment via interparticle forces that remain poorly quantified. Here we report measurement and simulation of these nanoscale aligning forces for the ZnO(0001)-ZnO(000¯1) system in aqueous solution. Dynamic force spectroscopy using nanoengineered single crystal probes reveals an attractive force with 60o rotational periodicity. Calculated distance and orientation-dependent potentials of mean force show several attractive free energy wells distinguished by numbers of intervening watermore » layers, which reach a minimum when aligned. The calculated activation energy to separate the attractively bound solvated interfaces perfectly reproduces the measured 60o periodicity, revealing the key role of intervening water structuring as a basis to generate the interparticle torque that completes alignment and enables coalescence.« less

Direction-specific interaction forces underlying zinc oxide crystal growth by oriented attachment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhang, X.; Shen, Z.; Liu, J.

Here, crystallization by particle attachment is impacting our understanding of natural mineralization processes and holds promise for novel materials design. When particles assemble in crystallographic registry, expulsion of the intervening solvent and particle coalescence is enabled by near-perfect co-alignment via interparticle forces that remain poorly quantified. Here we report measurement and simulation of these nanoscale aligning forces for the ZnO(0001)-ZnO(000¯1) system in aqueous solution. Dynamic force spectroscopy using nanoengineered single crystal probes reveals an attractive force with 60o rotational periodicity. Calculated distance and orientation-dependent potentials of mean force show several attractive free energy wells distinguished by numbers of intervening watermore » layers, which reach a minimum when aligned. The calculated activation energy to separate the attractively bound solvated interfaces perfectly reproduces the measured 60o periodicity, revealing the key role of intervening water structuring as a basis to generate the interparticle torque that completes alignment and enables coalescence.« less

Reducing risk with clinical decision support: a study of closed malpractice claims.

PubMed

Zuccotti, G; Maloney, F L; Feblowitz, J; Samal, L; Sato, L; Wright, A

2014-01-01

Identify clinical opportunities to intervene to prevent a malpractice event and determine the proportion of malpractice claims potentially preventable by clinical decision support (CDS). Cross-sectional review of closed malpractice claims over seven years from one malpractice insurance company and seven hospitals in the Boston area. For each event, clinical opportunities to intervene to avert the malpractice event and the presence or absence of CDS that might have a role in preventing the event, were assigned by a panel of expert raters. Compensation paid out to resolve a claim (indemnity), was associated with each CDS type. Of the 477 closed malpractice cases, 359 (75.3%) were categorized as substantiated and 195 (54%) had at least one opportunity to intervene. Common opportunities to intervene related to performance of procedure, diagnosis, and fall prevention. We identified at least one CDS type for 63% of substantiated claims. The 41 CDS types identified included clinically significant test result alerting, diagnostic decision support and electronic tracking of instruments. Cases with at least one associated intervention accounted for $40.3 million (58.9%) of indemnity. CDS systems and other forms of health information technology (HIT) are expected to improve quality of care, but their potential to mitigate risk had not previously been quantified. Our results suggest that, in addition to their known benefits for quality and safety, CDS systems within HIT have a potential role in decreasing malpractice payments. More than half of malpractice events and over $40 million of indemnity were potentially preventable with CDS.

Surgical repair of incarcerated inguinal hernia in children: laparoscopic or open?

PubMed

Nah, S A; Giacomello, L; Eaton, S; de Coppi, P; Curry, J I; Drake, D P; Kiely, E M; Pierro, A

2011-01-01

The management of Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia (IIH) in children is challenging and may be associated with complications. We aimed to compare the outcomes of laparoscopic vs. open repair of IIH. With institutional ethical approval (09SG13), we reviewed the notes of 63 consecutive children who were admitted to a single hospital with the diagnosis of IIH between 2000 and 2008. Data are reported as median (range). Groups were compared by chi-squared or t-tests as appropriate. · Open repair (n=35): There were 21 children with right and 14 with left IIH. 2 patients also had contralateral reducible inguinal hernia. Small bowel resection was required in 2 children. · Laparoscopic repair (n=28): All children had unilateral IIH (19 right sided, 9 left sided). 15 children (54%) with no clinical evidence of contralateral hernia, had contralateral patent processus vaginalis at laparoscopy, which was also repaired. The groups were similar with regard to gender, age at surgery, history of prematurity, interval between admission and surgery, and proportion of patients with successful preoperative manual reduction. However, the duration of operation was longer in the laparoscopy group (p=0.01). Time to full feeds and length of hospital stay were similar in both groups. Postoperative follow-up was 3.5 months (1-36), which was similar in both groups. 5 patients in the group undergoing open repair had serious complications: 1 vas transaction, 1 acquired undescended testis, 2 testicular atrophy and 1 recurrence. The laparoscopic group had a single recurrence. Open repair of incarcerated inguinal hernia is associated with serious complications. The laparoscopic technique appears safe, avoids the difficult dissection of an oedematous sac in the groin, allows inspection of the reduced hernia content and permits the repair of a contralateral patent processus vaginalis if present. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Three-dimensional vasculature of the bovine liver.

PubMed

Shirai, W; Sato, T; Shibuya, H; Naito, K; Tsukise, A

2005-12-01

To clarify anatomical distribution of Fasciola infection, the vascular and ductal architectures of the liver were studied by means of corrosion cast technique using synthetic resin. The arteria hepatica propria (AP) passes as the arteria gastroduodenalis (AG); AP becomes the left trunk after the porta hepatis; AP passes on the right side of vena porta communis (VPC) and projects AG while curving in a U-shape below the portal vein. Hepatic veins located between the vena hepatica media (HM) and vena hepatica dextra (HD) varied widely among specimens and were irregular, including the vena hepatica dorso-lateralis sinistra (Hds), vena hepatica dorso-lateralis dextra (Hdd), vena hepatica lobi caudati (Hlc), venae hepaticae processus caudati (Hpc), venae hepaticae processus papillaris (Hpp), and the hepatic vein to the dorsal intermediate part, which directly or indirectly drained into the vena cava caudalis. The courses of the bovine hepatic veins were markedly diverse, and anastomoses between vena hepatica sinistra (HS) and Hds were observed in about a half of the livers. The portal vein entered the liver as VPC slightly above the centre of the right lobe on the visceral surface. The intermediate or transverse part [pars transversa trunci sinistri (PTS)] of truncus sinister (TS), which extends from the entry of the portal vein into the left lobe of the liver, was slightly arched downward [pars umbilicalis trunci sinistri (PUS)]. The portal vein further arched from the distal end of TS to the umbilical vein and ran towards the inter-lobar incision between the left lobe and quadrate lobe. Based on these branches, hepatic segments were determined as 13 or 14 areas. A total of 15 bile ducts were derived from various lobes. The hepatic duct was about 2.6-6 cm long from the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts to the division of the cystic duct and the common hepatic duct.

Lait humain provenant d’une banque de dons ou acheté en ligne?

PubMed Central

St-Onge, Maude; Chaudhry, Shahnaz; Koren, Gideon

2015-01-01

Résumé Question Une de mes patientes m’a demandé si elle pourrait se procurer du lait humain par Internet pour allaiter son nourrisson s’il le fallait. L’usage de lait humain provenant d’une banque de dons est-il plus sécuritaire que son achat en ligne? Réponse L’Organisation mondiale de la Santé et l’American Academy of Pediatrics recommandent d’utiliser des dons de lait humain comme choix à privilégier lorsque le lait maternel n’est pas disponible. Cependant, la Société canadienne de pédiatrie n’approuve pas le partage de lait humain non traité. Le lait humain entreposé dans les banques de lait diffère de celui qu’on peut se procurer par Internet en raison du processus rigoureux de sélection des donneuses, des fréquentes inspections de la qualité, des procédés de transport règlementés et du processus de pasteurisation conforme aux directives établies par l’Agence canadienne d’inspection des aliments. La plupart des échantillons achetés en ligne contiennent des bactéries à gram négatif ou comptent au total plus de 104 unités formant colonies de bactéries aérobiques par millilitre; ils renferment aussi en moyenne au décompte total plus de bactéries aérobiques, de bactéries à gram négatif, de coliformes et de Staphylococcus spp que les échantillons des banques de lait. La croissance de la plupart des espèces de bactéries est associée au nombre de jours en transit, ce qui porte à croire que les conditions de collecte, d’entreposage et de transport sont médiocres pour le lait acheté en ligne.

Évaluation des caractéristiques mécaniques du polissoir en polyuréthanne utilisé comme porte abrasifs durant le processus du polissage du verre optique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aliouane, T.; Bouzid, D.; Belkhir, N.; Bouzid, S.; Herold, V.

2005-05-01

La fabrication des composants en verre optique nécessite des moyens de grande précision dans les procédés de finition vue l'importance accordée à leur qualité.
Durant le processus de polissage des verres optiques, le polissoir est un élément clé et a un impact direct sur les performances des composants optiques, non seulement il est utilisé comme support de grains abrasifs mais il doit posséder la fonction de transmission de la pression aux grains. La connaissance de ses propriétés, essentiellement mécanique, est impérative afin d'obtenir un état de surface optimal des composants optiques destinés à remplir des fonctions très précises dans des appareils optiques très performants.
Dans cette étude, nous avons constaté que les propriétés des polissoirs en polyuréthanne tel que la dureté, le module d'élasticité et la densité varient au cours du polissage. Ce changement a des effets sur l'état de surface de verre optique, causé par le changement microstructural de la surface du polissoir (distribution et dimensions des pores) et par conséquent sur la quantité des abrasifs (en oxyde de cérium) insérée dans les pores, ce qui influe sur la quantité de verre enlevée et sur l'état de surface du composant.
Sur la base des résultats obtenus, il a été prouvé que le polissoir subit des modifications très importantes ce qui influe considérablement sur son efficacité de polissage.

Preoperative ultrasonographic evaluation of the contralateral patent processus vaginalis at the level of the internal inguinal ring is useful for predicting contralateral inguinal hernias in children: a prospective analysis.

PubMed

Kaneda, H; Furuya, T; Sugito, K; Goto, S; Kawashima, H; Inoue, M; Hosoda, T; Masuko, T; Ohashi, K; Ikeda, T; Koshinaga, T; Hoshino, M; Goto, H

2015-08-01

The current study aimed to verify the usefulness of preoperative ultrasonographic evaluation of contralateral patent processus vaginalis (PPV) at the level of the internal inguinal ring. This was a prospective study of patients undergoing unilateral inguinal hernia repair at two institutions during 2010-2011. The sex, age at initial operation, birth weight, initial operation side, and the preoperative diameter of the contralateral PPV as determined using ultrasonography (US) were recorded. We analyzed the incidence of contralateral inguinal hernia, risk factors, and the usefulness of the preoperative major diameter of the contralateral PPV. The follow-up period was 36 months. All 105 patients who underwent unilateral hernia repair completed 36 months of follow-up, during which 11 patients (10.5 %) developed a contralateral hernia. The following covariates were not associated with contralateral hernia development: sex (p = 0.350), age (p = 0.185), birth weight (p = 0.939), and initial operation side (p = 0.350). The preoperative major diameter of the contralateral PPV determined using US was significantly wider among patients with a contralateral hernia than those without a contralateral hernia (p = 0.001). When the 105 patients were divided into two groups according to cut-off values of the preoperative major diameter of the contralateral PPV (wide group, >2.0 mm; narrow group, ≤2.0 mm), a significant association was observed between the preoperative major diameter of the contralateral PPV and patient outcomes (p = 0.001). We used US and confirmed the usefulness of a preoperative evaluation of the major diameter of the contralateral PPV at the level of the internal inguinal ring in pediatric patients with unilateral inguinal hernias.

Perceptions on the Impact of a Just-in-Time Room on Trainees and Supervising Physicians in a Pediatric Emergency Department.

PubMed

Thomas, Anita A; Uspal, Neil G; Oron, Assaf P; Klein, Eileen J

2016-12-01

Just-in-time (JIT) training refers to education occurring immediately prior to clinical encounters. An in situ JIT room in a pediatric emergency department (ED) was created for procedural education. We examined trainee self-reported JIT room use, its impact on trainee self-perception of procedural competence/confidence, and the effect its usage has on the need for intervention by supervising physicians during procedures. Cross-sectional survey study of a convenience sample of residents rotating through the ED and supervising pediatric emergency medicine physicians. Outcomes included JIT room use, trainee procedural confidence, and frequency of supervisor intervention during procedures. Thirty-one of 32 supervising physicians (97%) and 122 of 186 residents (66%) completed the survey, with 71% of trainees reporting improved confidence, and 68% reporting improved procedural skills ( P  < .05, +1.4-point average skills improvement on a 5-point Likert scale). Trainees perceived no difference among supervising physicians intervening in procedures with or without JIT room use ( P  = .30, paired difference -0.0 points). Nearly all supervisors reported improved trainee procedural confidence, and 77% reported improved trainee procedural skills after JIT room use ( P  < .05, paired difference +1.8 points); 58% of supervisors stated they intervene in procedures without trainee JIT room use, compared with 42% with JIT room use ( P  < .05, paired difference -0.4 points). Use of the JIT room led to improved trainee confidence and supervisor reports of less procedural intervention. Although it carries financial and time costs, an in situ JIT room may be important for convenient JIT training.

Perceptions on the Impact of a Just-in-Time Room on Trainees and Supervising Physicians in a Pediatric Emergency Department

PubMed Central

Thomas, Anita A.; Uspal, Neil G.; Oron, Assaf P.; Klein, Eileen J.

2016-01-01

Background  Just-in-time (JIT) training refers to education occurring immediately prior to clinical encounters. An in situ JIT room in a pediatric emergency department (ED) was created for procedural education. Objective  We examined trainee self-reported JIT room use, its impact on trainee self-perception of procedural competence/confidence, and the effect its usage has on the need for intervention by supervising physicians during procedures. Methods  Cross-sectional survey study of a convenience sample of residents rotating through the ED and supervising pediatric emergency medicine physicians. Outcomes included JIT room use, trainee procedural confidence, and frequency of supervisor intervention during procedures. Results  Thirty-one of 32 supervising physicians (97%) and 122 of 186 residents (66%) completed the survey, with 71% of trainees reporting improved confidence, and 68% reporting improved procedural skills (P < .05, +1.4-point average skills improvement on a 5-point Likert scale). Trainees perceived no difference among supervising physicians intervening in procedures with or without JIT room use (P = .30, paired difference −0.0 points). Nearly all supervisors reported improved trainee procedural confidence, and 77% reported improved trainee procedural skills after JIT room use (P < .05, paired difference +1.8 points); 58% of supervisors stated they intervene in procedures without trainee JIT room use, compared with 42% with JIT room use (P < .05, paired difference −0.4 points). Conclusions  Use of the JIT room led to improved trainee confidence and supervisor reports of less procedural intervention. Although it carries financial and time costs, an in situ JIT room may be important for convenient JIT training. PMID:28018542

Experiments on Socio-Technical Systems: The Problem of Control.

PubMed

Kroes, Peter

2016-06-01

My aim is to question whether the introduction of new technologies in society may be considered to be genuine experiments. I will argue that they are not, at least not in the sense in which the notion of experiment is being used in the natural and social sciences. If the introduction of a new technology in society is interpreted as an experiment, then we are dealing with a notion of experiment that differs in an important respect from the notion of experiment as used in the natural and social sciences. This difference shows itself most prominently when the functioning of the new technological system is not only dependent on technological hardware but also on social 'software', that is, on social institutions such as appropriate laws, and actions of operators of the new technological system. In those cases we are not dealing with 'simply' the introduction of a new technology, but with the introduction of a new socio-technical system. I will argue that if the introduction of a new socio-technical system is considered to be an experiment, then the relation between the experimenter and the system on which the experiment is performed differs significantly from the relation in traditional experiments in the natural and social sciences. In the latter experiments it is assumed that the experimenter is not part of the experimental system and is able to intervene in and control the experimental system from the outside. With regard to the introduction of new socio-technical systems the idea that there is an experimenter outside the socio-technical system who intervenes in and controls that system becomes problematic. From that perspective we are dealing with a different kind of experiment.

Caracterisation environnementale des emissions atmospheriques d'une source fixe et creation d'un outil de gestion dynamique =

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fournier, Marie-Claude

Une caracterisation des emissions atmospheriques provenant des sources fixes en operation, alimentees au gaz et a l'huile legere, a ete conduite aux installations visees des sites no.1 et no.2. La caracterisation et les calculs theoriques des emissions atmospheriques aux installations des sites no.1 et no.2 presentent des resultats qui sont en dessous des valeurs reglementaires pour des conditions d'operation normales en periode hivernale et par consequent, a de plus fortes demandes energetiques. Ainsi, pour une demande energetique plus basse, le taux de contaminants dans les emissions atmospheriques pourrait egalement etre en dessous des reglementations municipales et provinciales en vigueur. Dans la perspective d'une nouvelle reglementation provinciale, dont les termes sont discutes depuis 2005, il serait souhaitable que le proprietaire des infrastructures visees participe aux echanges avec le Ministere du Developpement Durable, de l'Environnement et des Parcs (MDDEP) du Quebec. En effet, meme si le principe de droit acquis permettrait d'eviter d'etre assujetti a la nouvelle reglementation, l'application de ce type de principe ne s'inscrit pas dans ceux d'un developpement durable. L'âge avance des installations etudiees implique la planification d'un entretien rigoureux afin d'assurer les conditions optimales de combustion en fonction du type de combustible. Des tests de combustion sur une base reguliere sont donc recommandes. Afin de supporter le processus de suivi et d'evaluation de la performance environnementale des sources fixes, un outil d'aide a la gestion de l'information environnementale a ete developpe. Dans ce contexte, la poursuite du developpement d'un outil d'aide a la gestion de l'information environnementale faciliterait non seulement le travail des personnes affectees aux inventaires annuels mais egalement le processus de communication entre les differents acteurs concernes tant intra- qu'inter-etablissement. Cet outil serait egalement un bon moyen pour sensibiliser le personnel a leur consommation energetique ainsi qu'a leur role dans la lutte contre les emissions polluantes et les gaz a effets de serre. En outre, ce type d'outil a pour principale fonction de generer des rapports dynamiques pouvant s'adapter a des besoins precis. Le decoupage coherent de l'information associe a un developpement par modules offre la perspective d'application de l'outil pour d'autres types d'activites. Dans ce cas, il s'agit de definir la part commune avec les modules existants et planifier les activites de developpement specifiques selon la meme demarche que celle presentee dans le present document.

Prevention, communication and equity in environmental epidemiology: ethical issues.

PubMed

Pagliarani, Giovanna; Botti, Caterina

2011-01-01

In environmental epidemiology research, decisions about when and how to intervene requires adequate ethical reflection. In fact, different kinds of issues may arise about: research methods and knowledge production; management of the results in terms of their overall assessments or for the implementation of preventive actions; reclamation intervention. In this contribution we propose to consider three topics we regard as crucial to this ethical debate: the reporting of conclusive research data; the correct application of the precautionary principle; and the environmental equity issues.

Light driven mesoscale assembly of a coordination polymeric gelator into flowers and stars with distinct properties.

PubMed

Mukhopadhyay, Rahul Dev; Praveen, Vakayil K; Hazra, Arpan; Maji, Tapas Kumar; Ajayaghosh, Ayyappanpillai

2015-11-13

Control over the self-assembly process of porous organic-inorganic hybrids often leads to unprecedented polymorphism and properties. Herein we demonstrate how light can be a powerful tool to intervene in the kinetically controlled mesoscale self-assembly of a coordination polymeric gelator. Ultraviolet light induced coordination modulation via photoisomerisation of an azobenzene based dicarboxylate linker followed by aggregation mediated crystal growth resulted in two distinct morphological forms (flowers and stars), which show subtle differences in their physical properties.

Greater commitment to the domestic violence training is required.

PubMed

Leppäkoski, Tuija Helena; Flinck, Aune; Paavilainen, Eija

2015-05-01

Domestic violence (DV) is a major public health problem with high health and social costs. A solution to this multi-faceted problem requires that various help providers work together in an effective and optimal manner when dealing with different parties of DV. The objective of our research and development project (2008-2013) was to improve the preparedness of the social and healthcare professionals to manage DV. This article focuses on the evaluation of interprofessional education (IPE) to provide knowledge and skills for identifying and intervening in DV and to improve collaboration among social and health care professionals and other help providers at the local and regional level. The evaluation data were carried out with an internal evaluation. The evaluation data were collected from the participants orally and in the written form. The participants were satisfied with the content of the IPE programme itself and the teaching methods used. Participation in the training sessions could have been more active. Moreover, some of the people who had enrolled for the trainings could not attend all of them. IPE is a valuable way to develop intervening in DV. However, greater commitment to the training is required from not only the participants and their superiors but also from trustees.

Medication adherence communications in community pharmacies: A naturalistic investigation.

PubMed

Rickles, Nathaniel M; Young, Gary J; Hall, Judith A; Noland, Carey; Kim, Ayoung; Peterson, Conner; Hong, Mina; Hale, John

2016-03-01

To describe the extent of pharmacy detection and monitoring of medication non-adherence, and solutions offered to improve adherence. Participants were 60 residents of the Boston area who had a generic chronic medication with 30 day supplies from their usual pharmacy. Participants received a duplicate prescription which they filled at a different pharmacy. For 5 months, participants alternated between the two pharmacies, creating gaps in their refill records at both pharmacies but no gaps in their medication adherence. Participants followed a scripted protocol and after each pharmacy visit reported their own and the pharmacy staff's behavior. Across 78 unique community pharmacies and 260 pharmacy visits, pharmacies were inconsistent and inadequate in asking if participants had questions, discussing the importance of adherence, providing adequate consultations with new medication, and detecting and intervening on non-adherence. Insurers rarely contacted the participants about adherence concerns. There is a need for more structured intervention systems to ensure pharmacists are consistently and adequately educating patients and detecting/managing potential medication non-adherence. The present study calls for more attention to building infrastructure in pharmacy practice that helps pharmacists more consistently identify, monitor, and intervene on medication adherence. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Eye-movements intervening between two successive sounds disrupt comparisons of auditory location

PubMed Central

Pavani, Francesco; Husain, Masud; Driver, Jon

2008-01-01

Summary Many studies have investigated how saccades may affect the internal representation of visual locations across eye-movements. Here we studied instead whether eye-movements can affect auditory spatial cognition. In two experiments, participants judged the relative azimuth (same/different) of two successive sounds presented from a horizontal array of loudspeakers, separated by a 2.5 secs delay. Eye-position was either held constant throughout the trial (being directed in a fixed manner to the far left or right of the loudspeaker array), or had to be shifted to the opposite side of the array during the retention delay between the two sounds, after the first sound but before the second. Loudspeakers were either visible (Experiment1) or occluded from sight (Experiment 2). In both cases, shifting eye-position during the silent delay-period affected auditory performance in the successive auditory comparison task, even though the auditory inputs to be judged were equivalent. Sensitivity (d′) for the auditory discrimination was disrupted, specifically when the second sound shifted in the opposite direction to the intervening eye-movement with respect to the first sound. These results indicate that eye-movements affect internal representation of auditory location. PMID:18566808

Intervention in Countries with Unsustainable Energy Policies: Is it Ever Justifiable?

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tonn, Bruce Edward

This paper explores whether it is ever justifiable for the international community to forcibly intervene in countries that have unsustainable energy policies. The literature on obligations to future generations suggests, philosophically, that intervention might be justified under certain circumstances. Additionally, the world community has intervened in the affairs of other countries for humanitarian reasons, such as in Kosovo, Somalia, and Haiti. However, intervention to deal with serious energy problems is a qualitatively different and more difficult problem. A simple risk analysis framework is used to organize the discussion about possible conditions for justifiable intervention. If the probability of deaths resultingmore » from unsustainable energy policies is very large, if the energy problem can be attributed to a relatively small number of countries, and if the risk of intervention is acceptable (i.e., the number of deaths due to intervention is relatively small), then intervention may be justifiable. Without further analysis and successful solution of several vexing theoretical questions, it cannot be stated whether unsustainable energy policies being pursued by countries at the beginning of the 21st century meet the criteria for forcible intervention by the international community.« less

Eye-movements intervening between two successive sounds disrupt comparisons of auditory location.

PubMed

Pavani, Francesco; Husain, Masud; Driver, Jon

2008-08-01

Many studies have investigated how saccades may affect the internal representation of visual locations across eye-movements. Here, we studied, instead, whether eye-movements can affect auditory spatial cognition. In two experiments, participants judged the relative azimuth (same/different) of two successive sounds presented from a horizontal array of loudspeakers, separated by a 2.5-s delay. Eye-position was either held constant throughout the trial (being directed in a fixed manner to the far left or right of the loudspeaker array) or had to be shifted to the opposite side of the array during the retention delay between the two sounds, after the first sound but before the second. Loudspeakers were either visible (Experiment 1) or occluded from sight (Experiment 2). In both cases, shifting eye-position during the silent delay-period affected auditory performance in thn the successive auditory comparison task, even though the auditory inputs to be judged were equivalent. Sensitivity (d') for the auditory discrimination was disrupted, specifically when the second sound shifted in the opposite direction to the intervening eye-movement with respect to the first sound. These results indicate that eye-movements affect internal representation of auditory location.

Methodologie de conception numerique d'un ventilateur helico-centrifuge basee sur l'emploi du calcul meridien

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lallier-Daniels, Dominic

La conception de ventilateurs est souvent basée sur une méthodologie « essais/erreurs » d'amélioration de géométries existantes ainsi que sur l'expérience de design et les résultats expérimentaux cumulés par les entreprises. Cependant, cette méthodologie peut se révéler coûteuse en cas d'échec; même en cas de succès, des améliorations significatives en performance sont souvent difficiles, voire impossibles à obtenir. Le projet présent propose le développement et la validation d'une méthodologie de conception basée sur l'emploi du calcul méridien pour la conception préliminaire de turbomachines hélico-centrifuges (ou flux-mixte) et l'utilisation du calcul numérique d'écoulement fluides (CFD) pour la conception détaillée. La méthode de calcul méridien à la base du processus de conception proposé est d'abord présentée. Dans un premier temps, le cadre théorique est développé. Le calcul méridien demeurant fondamentalement un processus itératif, le processus de calcul est également présenté, incluant les méthodes numériques de calcul employée pour la résolution des équations fondamentales. Une validation du code méridien écrit dans le cadre du projet de maîtrise face à un algorithme de calcul méridien développé par l'auteur de la méthode ainsi qu'à des résultats de simulation numérique sur un code commercial est également réalisée. La méthodologie de conception de turbomachines développée dans le cadre de l'étude est ensuite présentée sous la forme d'une étude de cas pour un ventilateur hélico-centrifuge basé sur des spécifications fournies par le partenaire industriel Venmar. La méthodologie se divise en trois étapes: le calcul méridien est employé pour le pré-dimensionnement, suivi de simulations 2D de grilles d'aubes pour la conception détaillée des pales et finalement d'une analyse numérique 3D pour la validation et l'optimisation fine de la géométrie. Les résultats de calcul méridien sont en outre comparés aux résultats de simulation pour la géométrie 3D afin de valider l'emploi du calcul méridien comme outil de prédimensionnement. Mots-clés Turbomachines hélico-centrifuges, Calcul méridien, Simulation numérique d'écoulement fluide, Conception numérique de turbomachines.

Public policy versus individual rights and responsibility: an economist's perspective.

PubMed

Chaloupka, Frank J

2011-09-01

Interventions to reduce childhood obesity entail ethical considerations. Although a rationale exists for government to intervene in a way that limits individual rights while protecting the public's health, a clear economic rationale also exists. The markets for goods and services that contribute to obesity are characterized by multiple failures that create an economic rationale for government to intervene (eg, consumers' lack of accurate information regarding obesogenic foods and beverages). If effective public policies for reducing obesity and its consequences are to be developed and implemented, individual rights and government interests must be balanced.

Training family therapists to assess for and intervene in partner abuse: a curriculum for graduate courses, professional workshops, and self-study.

PubMed

Haddock, Shelley A

2002-04-01

Partner abuse is an epidemic with potentially dire consequences for individuals, families, and society. Family therapists must be able to competently assess for and intervene in abuse situations. This article presents a curriculum designed to provide family therapists with introductory knowledge and skills for the assessment and intervention of partner abuse. The curriculum, which is informed primarily by feminist and multicultural theories and practices, can be used in graduate courses, professional workshops, and for self-study.

Bullying in schools: what is the problem, and how can educators solve it?

PubMed

Strohmeier, Dagmar; Noam, Gil G

2012-01-01

This chapter reviews recent research on bullying from an educator's perspective. It is well known that bullying, a serious issue in schools, can be prevented when educators intervene. But research has shown that it is difficult for educators to detect bullying situations in their school and intervene competently and effectively. This chapter examines how educators can detect bullying, how they can best tackle serious cases of bullying, and how they can best prevent bullying in the long run. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company.

Comparative macroanatomical study of the neurocranium in some carnivora.

PubMed

Karan, M; Timurkaan, S; Ozdemir, D; Unsaldi, E

2006-02-01

This study was carried out to investigate the specific anatomical features of the neurocranium of the skull of the dog, cat, badger, marten and otter. Twenty-five animals (five from each species) were used without sexual distinction. The neurocranium consists of os occipitale, os sphenoidale, os pterygoideum, os ethmoidale, vomer, os temporale, os parietale and os frontale. The processus paracondylaris is projected ventrally in the cat, dog, marten and badger, and caudally in the otter. Two foramina were found laterally on each side of the protuberantia occipitalis externa in the otter, and one foramen was found near the protuberantia occipitalis externa in the badger. Foramen was not seen in other species. Paired ossa parietalia joined each other at the midline, forming the sutura sagittalis in the badger, dog, otter and cat while it was separated by the linea temporalis in the marten. The os frontale was small in otters, narrow and long in martens, and quite wide in cats and dogs. The bulla tympanica was rounded in the marten, dog, cat and badger, dorsoventral compressed in otter, and it was very large in all species examined. These observations represented interspecies differences in the neurocranium of marten, otter, badger, cat and dog.

Schistura megalodon species nova, a new river loach from the Irra-waddy basin in Dehong, Yunnan, China (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae).

PubMed

Endruweit, Marco

2014-09-01

A new species of river loach, Schistura megalodon sp. nov., is described from the Irrawaddy basin in Yingjiang County, Dehong Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. The following combination of diagnostic characters serve to distinguish it from all other congeners in the given zoogeographical region: a large processus dentiformes in the upper jaw, a short pre-anus length of 65.4%-66.3% of SL, long paired fins (pectoral: 20.8%-24.2% of SL; pelvic: 17.9%-20.6% of SL), a wide body of 9.7%-11.3% of SL at anal fin origin, an incomplete lateral line, the absence of an orbital lobe, and a oad and distinct basicaudal bar with forward extensions.

[Effect of glutamine on small intestinal repair in weanling rats after chronic diarrhea].

PubMed

Huang, Zu-xiong; Ye, Li-yan; Zheng, Zhi-yong; Chen, Xin-min; Ren, Rong-na; Tong, Guo-yuan

2005-05-01

To investigate the nutrient effect of glutamine on small intestinal repair in weanling rats after chronic diarrhea. Forty 21-day-old wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (8 in each). Animal model of chronic diarrhea was induced by a lactose enriched diet in the weanling Wistar rat, normal control group was fed with a standard semipurified diet, and after 14 days the rats in both groups were killed to test the establishment of the model. After the establishment of the model, the other groups were fed with the standard semipurified diet to recover for 7 days, and were randomly divided into three groups: non-intervention group, glutamine (Gln)-intervention group and control group. Glutamine concentrations in blood was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Morphological changes including villus height and villus surface area of the jejunum were measured under a light microscope and electron microscope, expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) as an index of cell proliferation was observed using immunohistochemical staining and image analysis. The diarrhea rate in model group was 100 percent, average diarrhea index was 1.16 +/- 0.06, but both diarrhea rate and average diarrhea index in control group were 0 (P < 0.01), which affirmed establishment of the model. There was significant decrease of body weight, plasma Gln concentration, villus height, villus surface area and expression of PCNA in non-intervened group compared with the control group (P < 0.01). There was still significant decrease of body weight, villus height and villus surface area in Gln-intervened group compared with control group (P < 0.01), but plasma Gln concentration and expression of PCNA in Gln-intervened group had recovered to normal (P > 0.05). And compared with non-intervened group, except for body weight (P > 0.05), plasma glutamine, villus height, villus surface area and expression of PCNA were all significantly increased in Gln-intervened group. Chronic diarrhea can induce malnutrition and reduce the villus height, villus surface area, expression of PCNA and plasm glutamine concentration. Oral glutamine could improve the proliferation of crypt cell and promote repair of intestinal mucosa after chronic diarrhea.

A Web-Based Sexual Violence Bystander Intervention for Male College Students: Randomized Controlled Trial

PubMed Central

Vivolo-Kantor, Alana; Hardin, James; Berkowitz, Alan

2014-01-01

Background Bystander intervention approaches offer promise for reducing rates of sexual violence on college campuses. Most interventions are in-person small-group formats, which limit their reach and reduce their overall public health impact. Objective This study evaluated the efficacy of RealConsent, a Web-based bystander approach to sexual violence prevention, in enhancing prosocial intervening behaviors and preventing sexual violence perpetration. Methods A random probability sample of 743 male undergraduate students (aged 18 to 24 years) attending a large, urban university located in the southeastern United States was recruited online and randomized to either RealConsent (n=376) or a Web-based general health promotion program (n=367). Participants were surveyed online at baseline, postintervention, and 6-months postintervention. RealConsent was delivered via a password-protected Web portal that contained six 30-minute media-based and interactive modules covering knowledge of informed consent, communication skills regarding sex, the role of alcohol and male socialization in sexual violence, empathy for rape victims, and bystander education. Primary outcomes were self-reported prosocial intervening behaviors and sexual violence perpetration. Secondary outcomes were theoretical mediators (eg, knowledge, attitudes). Results At 6-month follow-up RealConsent participants intervened more often (P=.04) and engaged in less sexual violence perpetration (P=.04) compared to controls. In addition, RealConsent participants reported greater legal knowledge of sexual assault (P<.001), greater knowledge of effective consent (P<.001), less rape myths (P<.001), greater empathy for rape victims (P<.001), less negative date rape attitudes (P<.001), less hostility toward women (P=.01), greater intentions to intervene (P=.04), less hyper-gender ideology (P<.001), less positive outcome expectancies for nonconsensual sex (P=.03), more positive outcome expectancies for intervening (P<.001), and less comfort with other men’s inappropriate behaviors (P<.001). Conclusions Our results support the efficacy of RealConsent. Due to its Web-based format, RealConsent has potential for broad-based dissemination thereby increasing its overall public health impact on sexual violence. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01903876; http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01903876 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6S1PXxWKt). PMID:25198417

Fluid-sensitive nanoscale switching with quantum levitation controlled by α -Sn/β -Sn phase transition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boström, Mathias; Dou, Maofeng; Malyi, Oleksandr I.; Parashar, Prachi; Parsons, Drew F.; Brevik, Iver; Persson, Clas

2018-03-01

We analyze the Lifshitz pressure between silica and tin separated by a liquid mixture of bromobenzene and chlorobenzene. We show that the phase transition from semimetallic α -Sn to metallic β -Sn can switch Lifshitz forces from repulsive to attractive. This effect is caused by the difference in dielectric functions of α -Sn and β -Sn , giving both attractive and repulsive contributions to the total Lifshitz pressure in different frequency regions controlled by the composition of the intervening liquid mixture. In this way, one may be able to produce phase-transition-controlled quantum levitation in a liquid medium.

Reducing Risk with Clinical Decision Support

PubMed Central

Maloney, F.L.; Feblowitz, J.; Samal, L.; Sato, L.; Wright, A.

2014-01-01

Summary Objective Identify clinical opportunities to intervene to prevent a malpractice event and determine the proportion of malpractice claims potentially preventable by clinical decision support (CDS). Materials and Methods Cross-sectional review of closed malpractice claims over seven years from one malpractice insurance company and seven hospitals in the Boston area. For each event, clinical opportunities to intervene to avert the malpractice event and the presence or absence of CDS that might have a role in preventing the event, were assigned by a panel of expert raters. Compensation paid out to resolve a claim (indemnity), was associated with each CDS type. Results Of the 477 closed malpractice cases, 359 (75.3%) were categorized as substantiated and 195 (54%) had at least one opportunity to intervene. Common opportunities to intervene related to performance of procedure, diagnosis, and fall prevention. We identified at least one CDS type for 63% of substantiated claims. The 41 CDS types identified included clinically significant test result alerting, diagnostic decision support and electronic tracking of instruments. Cases with at least one associated intervention accounted for $40.3 million (58.9%) of indemnity. Discussion CDS systems and other forms of health information technology (HIT) are expected to improve quality of care, but their potential to mitigate risk had not previously been quantified. Our results suggest that, in addition to their known benefits for quality and safety, CDS systems within HIT have a potential role in decreasing malpractice payments. Conclusion More than half of malpractice events and over $40 million of indemnity were potentially preventable with CDS. PMID:25298814

Prevention and early intervention to improve mental health in higher education students: a review.

PubMed

Reavley, Nicola; Jorm, Anthony F

2010-05-01

The age at which most young people are in higher education is also the age of peak onset for mental and substance use disorders, with these having their first onset before age 24 in 75% of cases. In most developed countries, over 50% of young people are in higher education. To review the evidence for prevention and early intervention in mental health problems in higher education students. The review was limited to interventions targeted to anxiety, depression and alcohol misuse. Interventions to review were identified by searching PubMed, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Interventions were included if they were designed to specifically prevent or intervene early in the general (non-health professional) higher education student population, in one or more of the following areas: anxiety, depression or alcohol misuse symptoms, mental health literacy, stigma and one or more behavioural outcomes. For interventions to prevent or intervene early for alcohol misuse, evidence of effectiveness is strongest for brief motivational interventions and for personalized normative interventions delivered using computers or in individual face-to-face sessions. Few interventions to prevent or intervene early with depression or anxiety were identified. These were mostly face-to-face, cognitive-behavioural/skill-based interventions. One social marketing intervention to raise awareness of depression and treatments showed some evidence of effectiveness. There is very limited evidence that interventions are effective in preventing or intervening early with depression and anxiety disorders in higher education students. Further studies, possibly involving interventions that have shown promise in other populations, are needed.

Patient age and dentists’ decisions about occlusal caries treatment thresholds

PubMed Central

Kakudate, Naoki; Sumida, Futoshi; Matsumoto, Yuki; Yokoyama, Yoko; Gilbert, Gregg H; Gordan, Valeria V

2014-01-01

Objectives This study was performed to (1) quantify dentists’ treatment thresholds for occlusal primary caries; (2) determine if patient's age affects dentists’ decisions to surgically treat these carious lesions; (3) test the hypothesis that patients’, dentists’, and practices’ characteristics are significantly associated with surgical enamel intervention. Methods The study used a cross-sectional design consisting of a questionnaire survey in Japan. This study queried dentists working in outpatient dental practices who were affiliated with the Dental Practice-Based Research Network Japan (JDPBRN), which aims to allow dentists to investigate research questions and share experiences and expertise (n=282). Participants were asked whether they would surgically intervene in a series of cases depicting occlusal caries. Each case included a photograph of an occlusal surface displaying typical characteristics of caries penetration, and written descriptions of adult and pediatric patients at high caries risk. Results In a case of a carious lesion within inner enamel, the proportion of dentists who indicated surgical intervention was significantly higher in the adult patient (48%) when compared to the pediatric patient (34%) (p< 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that using a dental explorer for the diagnosis of primary occlusal caries, type of practice, practice busyness, and percentage of patients who self-pay were significantly associated with dentists’ decisions to intervene surgically into the inner enamel carious lesion. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that over one-third of participants chose to intervene surgically into inner enamel carious lesions, and patients’ age affects dentists’ decisions about when to intervene surgically (clinicaltrials.gov registration number NCT01680848). PMID:24809540

Statistical properties of Faraday rotation measure in external galaxies - I. Intervening disc galaxies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Basu, Aritra; Mao, S. A.; Fletcher, Andrew; Kanekar, Nissim; Shukurov, Anvar; Schnitzeler, Dominic; Vacca, Valentina; Junklewitz, Henrik

2018-06-01

Deriving the Faraday rotation measure (RM) of quasar absorption line systems, which are tracers of high-redshift galaxies intervening background quasars, is a powerful tool for probing magnetic fields in distant galaxies. Statistically comparing the RM distributions of two quasar samples, with and without absorption line systems, allows one to infer magnetic field properties of the intervening galaxy population. Here, we have derived the analytical form of the probability distribution function (PDF) of RM produced by a single galaxy with an axisymmetric large-scale magnetic field. We then further determine the PDF of RM for one random sight line traversing each galaxy in a population with a large-scale magnetic field prescription. We find that the resulting PDF of RM is dominated by a Lorentzian with a width that is directly related to the mean axisymmetric large-scale field strength of the galaxy population if the dispersion of B0 within the population is smaller than . Provided that RMs produced by the intervening galaxies have been successfully isolated from other RM contributions along the line of sight, our simple model suggests that in galaxies probed by quasar absorption line systems can be measured within ≈50 per cent accuracy without additional constraints on the magneto-ionic medium properties of the galaxies. Finally, we discuss quasar sample selection criteria that are crucial to reliably interpret observations, and argue that within the limitations of the current data base of absorption line systems, high-metallicity damped Lyman-α absorbers are best suited to study galactic dynamo action in distant disc galaxies.

Soft X-ray spectrum of BL Lacertae object AO 0235+164 as a tracer of elemental abundances at z approximately 0.5

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Madejski, Greg

1994-01-01

We report the soft X-ray spectrum of BL Lac object AO 0235+164, observed with the Einstein Observatory Imaging Proportional Counter (IPC). This object (z = 0.94) has an intervening galaxy (or a protogalactic disk) at z = 0.524 present in the line of sight, producing both radio and optical absorption lines in the background BL Lac continuum. The X-ray spectrum exhibits a substantial soft X-ray cutoff, corresponding to several times that expected from our own Galaxy; we interpret that excess cutoff as due to the intervening galaxy. The comparison of the hydrogen column density inferred from the 21 cm radio data and the X-ray absorption allows, in principle, the determination of the elemental abundances in the intervening galaxy. However, the uncertainties in both the H I spin temperature and X-ray spectral parameters only loosely restrict these abundances to be 2 +/- 1 solar, which even at the lower limit appears higher than that inferred from studies of samples of optical absoprtion-line systems.

LHC, le Big Bang en éprouvette

ScienceCinema

None

2017-12-09

Notre compréhension de l’Univers est en train de changer… Bar des Sciences - Tout public Débat modéré par Marie-Odile Montchicourt, journaliste de France Info. Evenement en vidéoconférence entre le Globe de la science et de l’innovation, le bar le Baloard de Montpellier et la Maison des Métallos à Paris. Intervenants au CERN : Philippe Charpentier et Daniel Froideveaux, physiciens au CERN. Intervenants à Paris : Vincent Bontemps, philosophe et chercheur au CEA ; Jacques Arnould, philosophe, historien des sciences et théologien, Jean-Jacques Beineix, réalisateur, producteur, scénariste de cinéma. Intervenants à Montpellier (LPTA) : André Neveu, physicien théoricien et directeur de recherche au CNRS ; Gilbert Moultaka, physicien théoricien et chargé de recherche au CNRS. Partenariat : CERN, CEA, IN2P3, Université MPL2 (LPTA) Dans le cadre de la Fête de la science 2008

Nonaggressive interventions by third parties in conflicts among captive Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus).

PubMed

Tajima, Tomoyuki; Kurotori, Hidetoshi

2010-04-01

Whereas orangutans are regarded as semisolitary animals in the wild, several studies have reported frequent social interactions, including aggression, among orangutans in captivity. As yet, there is a lack of knowledge about how they cope with aggression. In this report, we provide a number of new observations of interventions by third parties in aggressive interactions within a captive group of Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) in the Tama Zoological Park, Japan. We observed that an adult female and a juvenile male orangutan intervened in aggressive interactions. The victim was a newly introduced juvenile female who was unrelated to anyone in the zoo. The ways in which the orangutans intervened were not aggressive, as the interveners simply aimed to separate the opponents, and these interventions did not lead to further aggression in almost every case. Our observations suggest that third parties can play an important role in managing aggressive conflicts among captive orangutans and, under conditions in which orangutans share limited space, nonaggressive interventions by third parties for settling conflicts appear. It is possible that orangutans may actively promote the peaceful coexistence of other individuals.

The development of effective message content for suicide intervention: theory of planned behavior.

PubMed

Shemanski Aldrich, Rosalie; Cerel, Julie

2009-01-01

Each year there are over 31,000 suicides in the United States, constituting a significant problem in every respect. It is important for research efforts to focus on the communication elements involved in suicide prevention because the messages produced by individuals close to those who have suicidal thoughts have the potential to save a life. The current manuscript presents the theory of planned behavior (TPB) as a foundation to increase understanding of what message content would be most effective to convince an individual to intervene when someone is suicidal. Suicide and suicidal behaviors are briefly reviewed, as is the TPB. Then it is argued how and why TPB can help construct persuasive messages. The authors suggest that TPB guide the content of persuasive messages. Messages created in combination of persuasive theories with TPB are likely to encourage an individual to intervene when someone is suicidal. A key element to suicide prevention is intervention by close others. Use of TPB provides an increased understanding of how to persuade close individuals to intervene when an individual is suicidal.

Explicating how parent-child communication increases Latino and European American early adolescents' intentions to intervene in a friend's substance Use.

PubMed

Kam, Jennifer A; Yang, Sijia

2014-08-01

This study used primary socialization theory and a focus theory of normative conduct to examine whether anti-substance-use norms mediated targeted parent-child communication against substance (alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana) use's effects on Latino and European American early adolescents' intentions to intervene in a friend's substance use. Further, this study investigated whether familism interacted with targeted parent-child communication to predict anti-substance-use norms, and whether this mediated moderation model functioned differently for Latino and European American early adolescents. Self-reported longitudinal survey data were collected from 6th-8th grade students (N = 627), attending rural IL public schools. Multigroup mediated moderation analyses revealed that as Latino and European American early adolescents engaged in targeted mother-child communication against substance use, they were more likely to develop anti-substance-use parent injunctive norms, and in turn, more likely to report anti-substance-use personal norms. Thus, they were more likely to report that if their friend used substances, they would talk to their friend, seek help from others, and end the friendship. They were, however, less likely to ignore the friend's substance use. Familism was not a significant moderator, and the hypothesized effects did not differ for Latino and European American early adolescents. The results suggest that parents of Latino and European American adolescents may discourage substance use by engaging in targeted parent-child communication, which may indirectly benefit their children's friends, as well.

A RCT of three training and support strategies to encourage implementation of screening and brief alcohol intervention by general practitioners.

PubMed

Kaner, E F; Lock, C A; McAvoy, B R; Heather, N; Gilvarry, E

1999-09-01

Providing doctors with new research findings or clinical guidelines is rarely sufficient to promote changes in clinical practice. An implementation strategy is required to provide clinicians with the skills and encouragement needed to alter established routines. To evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of different training and support strategies in promoting implementation of screening and brief alcohol intervention (SBI) by general practitioners (GPs). Subjects were 128 GPs, one per practice, from the former Northern and Yorkshire Regional Health Authority, who agreed to use the 'Drink-Less' SBI programme in an earlier dissemination trial. GPs were stratified by previous marketing conditions and randomly allocated to three intensities of training and support: controls (n = 43) received the programme with written guidelines only, trained GPs (n = 43) received the programme plus practice-based training in programme usage, trained and supported GPs (n = 42) received the programme plus practice-based training and a support telephone call every two weeks. GPs were requested to use the programme for three months. Outcome measures included proportions of GPs implementing the programme and numbers of patients screened and intervened with. Seventy-three (57%) GPs implemented the programme and screened 11,007 patients for risk drinking. Trained and supported GPs were significantly more likely to implement the programme (71%) than controls (44%) or trained GPs (56%); they also screened, and intervened with, significantly more patients. Costs per patient screened were: trained and supported GPs, 1.05 Pounds; trained GPs, 1.08 Pounds; and controls, 1.47 Pounds. Costs per patient intervened with were: trained and supported GPs, 5.43 Pounds; trained GPs, 6.02 Pounds; and controls, 8.19 Pounds. Practice-based training plus support telephone calls was the most effective and cost-effective strategy to encourage implementation of SBI by GPs.

Incidence of contamination of live bird markets in Bangladesh with influenza A virus and subtypes H5, H7 and H9.

PubMed

Biswas, P K; Giasuddin, M; Chowdhury, P; Barua, H; Debnath, N C; Yamage, M

2018-06-01

In the absence of robust active surveillance of avian influenza viruses (AIV) affecting poultry in South Asian countries, monitoring of live bird markets (LBMs) can be an alternative. In a longitudinal study of 32 LBM, five environments were sampled as follows: market floor, stall floor, slaughter area, poultry holding cage and water used for meat processing. Samples were taken monthly for 5 months, September 2013-January 2014. Incidence rates (IRs) of LBM contamination with AIV and its subtypes H5, H7 and H9 were assessed. In 10 of the LBM selected, biosecurity measures had been implemented through FAO interventions: the other 22 were non-intervened. Standard procedures were applied to detect AIV and three subtypes in pooled samples (1:5). An LBM was considered positive for AIV or a subtype if at least one of the pooled samples tested positive. The incidence rates of LBM contamination with AIV, H5, H7 and H9 were 0.194 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.136-0.276), 0.031 (95% CI 0.013-0.075), 0 and 0.175 (95% CI 0.12-0.253) per LBM-month at risk, respectively. The log IR ratio between the FAO-intervened and non-intervened LBM for contamination with AIV was -0.329 (95% CI -1.052 to -0.394, p = .372), 0.598 (95% CI -1.593 to 2.789, p = .593) with subtype H5 and -0.500 (95% CI -1.249 to 0.248, p = .190) with subtype H9, indicating no significant difference. The results obtained suggest that both H5 and H9 were circulating in LBM in Bangladesh in the second half of 2013. The incidence of contamination with H9 was much higher than with H5. © 2017 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

[Effect of Small Knife Needle on β-enorpin and Enkehalin Contents of Tansverse Process Syndrome of the Third Vertebra].

PubMed

Liu, Nai-gang; Guo, Chang-qing; Sun, Hong-mei; Li, Xiao-hong; Wu, Hai-xia; Xu, Hong

2016-04-01

To explore the analgesic mechanism of small knife needle for treating transverse process syndrome of the third vertebra (TPSTV) by observing peripheral and central changesof β-endorphin (β-EP) and enkephalin (ENK) contents. Totally 30 Japanese white big-ear rabbits of clean grade were divided into 5 groups according to random digit table, i.e., the normal control group, the model group, the small knife needle group, the electroacupunture (EA) group, and the small knife needle plus EA group, 6 in each group. The TPSTV model was established by inserting a piece of gelatin sponge into the left transverse process of 3rd lumbar vertebrae. Rabbits in the small knife needlegroup were intervened by small knife needle. Those in the EA group were intervened by EA at bilateralWeizhong (BL40). Those in the small knife needle plus EA group were intervened by small knife needleand EA at bilateral Weizhong (BL40). Contents of β-EP and ENK in plasma, muscle, spinal cord, and hypothalamus were determined after sample collection at day 28 after modeling. Compared with the normal control group, contents of β-EP and ENK in plasma and muscle increased significantly, and contents of β-EP and ENK in spinal cord and hypothalamus decreased significantly in the model group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Contents of β-EP and ENK approximated normal levels in the three treatment groups after respective treatment. Compared with the model group, the content of β-EP in muscle decreased, and contents of β-EP and ENK in hypothalamus increased in the three treatment groups after respective treatment (P < 0.05). There were no significant difference among the three treatment groups (P > 0.05). Small knife needle treatment and EA had benign regulation on peripheral and central β-EP and ENK in TPSTV rabbits. Small knife needle treatment showed better effect than that of EA.

Correcting over 50 years of tobacco industry misinformation.

PubMed

Smith, Philip; Bansal-Travers, Maansi; O'Connor, Richard; Brown, Anthony; Banthin, Chris; Guardino-Colket, Sara; Cummings, K Michael

2011-06-01

In 2006, a U.S. Federal Court ruled that the major domestic cigarette manufacturers were guilty of conspiring to deny, distort, and minimize the hazards of cigarette smoking to the public and ordered corrective statements to correct these deceptions. This study evaluates the effectiveness of different versions of corrective statements that were proposed to the Court. 239 adult smokers (aged 18-65 years) were randomized to view one of five different versions of corrective statements on five topics (health risks, addiction, low-tar cigarettes, product manipulation, and secondhand smoke); change in knowledge and beliefs were measured before and after viewing the statements, as well as 1 week later. Three of the versions were text-based statements recommended by different parties in the case (Philip Morris, U.S. Department of Justice [DOJ], Interveners), whereas two others were developed at Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) for this study and utilized pictorial images (emotive and neutral). Data collection and analysis were conducted in Buffalo NY from 2008 to 2009. Regardless of which corrective statement was seen, exposure resulted in a consistent pattern of increased level of knowledge and corrected misperceptions about smoking, although the effects were not large and diminished back toward baseline levels within 1 week. The DOJ, Interveners, and emotive statements elicited a stronger affective response and were rated by respondents as more persuasive (p-value<0.05). The emotive statement was better recalled and drew the respondents' attention in the shortest amount of time. Each of the proposed corrective statements tested helped correct false beliefs about smoking, but sustained impact will likely require repeated exposures to the message. Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Construction and application of a questionnaire for the social scientific investigation of environmental noise effects

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Guski, R.; Wichmann, U.; Rohrmann, B.; Finke, H. O.

1980-01-01

A social psychological questionnair has been developed to study the effects of environmental noise and was applied to 636 people living in 19 different areas of Hamburg. The theoretical foundations and the statistical means employed in its development are described. Four main reactions to noise are isolated statistically, and it is determined that these are moderated by several intervening variables, chief of which are coping capacity for noise, the perceived dangerousness of the noise souce, other daily loads and the individual's liability.

Using temporal orientation, category fluency, and word recall for detecting cognitive impairment: the 10-point cognitive screener (10-CS).

PubMed

Apolinario, Daniel; Lichtenthaler, Daniel Gomes; Magaldi, Regina Miksian; Soares, Aline Thomaz; Busse, Alexandre Leopold; Amaral, Jose Renato das Gracas; Jacob-Filho, Wilson; Brucki, Sonia Maria Dozzi

2016-01-01

A screening strategy composed of three-item temporal orientation and three-word recall has been increasingly used for detecting cognitive impairment. However, the intervening task administered between presentation and recall has varied. We evaluated six brief tasks that could be useful as intervening distractors and possibly provide incremental accuracy: serial subtraction, clock drawing, category fluency, letter fluency, timed visual detection, and digits backwards. Older adults (n = 230) consecutively referred for suspected cognitive impairment underwent a comprehensive assessment for gold-standard diagnosis, of whom 56 (24%) presented cognitive impairment not dementia and 68 (30%) presented dementia. Among those with dementia, 87% presented very mild or mild stages (Clinical Dementia Rating 0.5 or 1). The incremental value of each candidate intervening task in a model already containing orientation and word recall was assessed. Category fluency (animal naming) presented the highest incremental value among the six candidate intervening tasks. Reclassification analyses revealed a net gain of 12% among cognitively impaired and 17% among normal participants. A four-point scaled score of the animal naming task was added to three-item temporal orientation and three-word recall to compose the 10-point Cognitive Screener. The education-adjusted 10-point Cognitive Screener outperformed the longer Mini-Mental State Examination for detecting both cognitive impairment (area under the curve 0.85 vs 0.77; p = 0.027) and dementia (area under the curve 0.90 vs 0.83; p = 0.015). Based on empirical data, we have developed a brief and easy-to-use screening strategy with higher accuracy and some practical advantages compared with commonly used tools. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Experience of home health nursing personnel in actual and simulated case finding of wife abuse in Korea.

PubMed

Han, Young Ran

2008-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the experience of home health nursing personnel (HHNP) in identifying wife abuse and intervening with victims during home health visits, and to analyze responses to a what-if scenario involving visiting a woman who implies her husband is abusive. A cross-sectional, descriptive design with a questionnaire survey was used and included the public health nurse's practice response to women who are abused (PHNR). From 243 public health centers nationwide, 373 HHNPs participated. Over the past year, 31.6% had identified abused women (average of 2.2 victims per HHNP) and 12.3% had intervened. The mean score for the PHNR was 55.76 (out of a possible 80), indicating higher value on thoughts, feelings, and actions to support abused women. Significant differences were found in the mean scores for age and position (nurse or nurse aide). The mean percentage of correct PHNR responses was 70.4%. The results showed a low level of competency and difficulty in initiating the topic of abuse, and a higher level of understanding methods to approach abused women. Time limit was not a hindrance to intervention. The findings indicate the need for education programs to increase self-efficacy and promote effective recognition and interventions for these women.

The use of TPA in combination with alcohol in the treatment of the recurrent complex hydrocele.

PubMed

Metcalfe, Michael J; Spouge, Rebecca J; Spouge, David J; Hoag, Chris C

2014-05-01

A hydrocele is an abnormal collection of serous fluid in the space between the parietal and visceral layers of the tunica vaginalis. Hydrocele is the most common cause of painless scrotal swelling which affects about 1% of men. Generally, adult hydroceles are idiopathic in origin; however, inguinal surgery, varicocelectomy, infection, trauma and a patent processus vaginalis are each associated with the subsequent development of a hydrocele. Surgical removal of hydroceles is the gold standard of care. However, multiple cases have reported high success rates (ranging from 85% to 96%) using a combination of aspiration and sclerotherapy. We present a case of a patient with recurring complex hydrocele and effective treatment utilizing a combination of thrombolytic therapy, catheter drainage and subsequent alcohol ablation.

The use of TPA in combination with alcohol in the treatment of the recurrent complex hydrocele

PubMed Central

Metcalfe, Michael J.; Spouge, Rebecca J.; Spouge, David J.; Hoag, Chris C.

2014-01-01

A hydrocele is an abnormal collection of serous fluid in the space between the parietal and visceral layers of the tunica vaginalis. Hydrocele is the most common cause of painless scrotal swelling which affects about 1% of men. Generally, adult hydroceles are idiopathic in origin; however, inguinal surgery, varicocelectomy, infection, trauma and a patent processus vaginalis are each associated with the subsequent development of a hydrocele. Surgical removal of hydroceles is the gold standard of care. However, multiple cases have reported high success rates (ranging from 85% to 96%) using a combination of aspiration and sclerotherapy. We present a case of a patient with recurring complex hydrocele and effective treatment utilizing a combination of thrombolytic therapy, catheter drainage and subsequent alcohol ablation. PMID:25024803

Schistura megalodon species nova, a new river loach from the Irra-waddy basin in Dehong, Yunnan, China (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae)

PubMed Central

Endruweit, Marco

2014-01-01

A new species of river loach, Schistura megalodon sp. nov., is described from the Irrawaddy basin in Yingjiang County, Dehong Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. The following combination of diagnostic characters serve to distinguish it from all other congeners in the given zoogeographical region: a large processus dentiformes in the upper jaw, a short pre-anus length of 65.4%-66.3% of SL, long paired fins (pectoral: 20.8%-24.2% of SL; pelvic: 17.9%-20.6% of SL), a wide body of 9.7%-11.3% of SL at anal fin origin, an incomplete lateral line, the absence of an orbital lobe, and a broad and distinct basicaudal bar with forward extensions. PMID:25297074

Method for maximizing shale oil recovery from an underground formation

DOEpatents

Sisemore, Clyde J.

1980-01-01

A method for maximizing shale oil recovery from an underground oil shale formation which has previously been processed by in situ retorting such that there is provided in the formation a column of substantially intact oil shale intervening between adjacent spent retorts, which method includes the steps of back filling the spent retorts with an aqueous slurry of spent shale. The slurry is permitted to harden into a cement-like substance which stabilizes the spent retorts. Shale oil is then recovered from the intervening column of intact oil shale by retorting the column in situ, the stabilized spent retorts providing support for the newly developed retorts.

Machine Learning to Predict, Detect, and Intervene Older Adults Vulnerable for Adverse Drug Events in the Emergency Department.

PubMed

Ouchi, Kei; Lindvall, Charlotta; Chai, Peter R; Boyer, Edward W

2018-06-01

Adverse drug events (ADEs) are common and have serious consequences in older adults. ED visits are opportunities to identify and alter the course of such vulnerable patients. Current practice, however, is limited by inaccurate reporting of medication list, time-consuming medication reconciliation, and poor ADE assessment. This manuscript describes a novel approach to predict, detect, and intervene vulnerable older adults at risk of ADE using machine learning. Toxicologists' expertise in ADE is essential to creating the machine learning algorithm. Leveraging the existing electronic health records to better capture older adults at risk of ADE in the ED may improve their care.

Addressing Gender Discrimination in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery via the Social Norms Approach.

PubMed

Uppgaard, Rachel

2018-03-28

Gender discrimination continues to be a challenge faced by women in oral and maxillofacial surgery. The discrimination itself is perpetrated by a small number of individuals, but it is lack of support and intervention by other surgeons that allows this to continue. The social norms approach is one means to break this cycle: first by identifying misperceptions and then by encouraging individuals to intervene instead of remaining bystanders. To move forward as a specialty, we must actively intervene when discrimination and harassment occur. Copyright © 2018 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Effect of Repetition Lag on Priming of Unfamiliar Visual Objects in Young and Older Adults

PubMed Central

Gordon, Leamarie T.; Soldan, Anja; Thomas, Ayanna K.; Stern, Yaakov

2013-01-01

Across three experiments, we examined the effect of repetition lag on priming of unfamiliar visual objects in healthy young and older adults. Multiple levels of lag were examined, ranging from short (one to four intervening stimuli) to long (50+ intervening stimuli). In each experiment, subjects viewed a series of new and repeated line drawings of objects and decided whether they depicted structurally possible or impossible figures. Experiment 1 and 2 found similar levels of priming in young and older adults at short and medium lags. At the longer repetition lags (∼20+ intervening stimuli), older adults showed less overall priming, as measured by reaction time facilitation, than young adults. This indicates that older adults can rapidly encode unfamiliar three-dimensional objects to support priming at shorter lags; however, they cannot maintain these representations over longer intervals. In addition to repetition lag, we also explored the relationship between priming and cognitive reserve, as measured by education and verbal intelligence. In the older adults, higher levels of cognitive reserve were associated with greater reaction time priming, suggesting that cognitive reserve may mediate the relationship between aging and priming. PMID:23276220

Sneaky Gamma-Rays: Using Gravitational Lensing to Avoid Gamma-Gamma-Absorption

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boettcher, Markus; Barnacka, Anna

2014-08-01

It has recently been suggested that gravitational lensing studies of gamma-ray blazars might be a promising avenue to probe the location of the gamma-ray emitting region in blazars. Motivated by these prospects, we have investigated potential gamma-gamma absorption signatures of intervening lenses in the very-high-energy gamma-ray emission from lensedblazars. We considered intervening galaxies and individual stars within these galaxies. We find that the collective radiation field of galaxies acting as sources of macrolensing are not expected to lead to significant gamma-gamma absorption. Individual stars within intervening galaxies could, in principle, cause a significant opacity to gamma-gamma absorption for VHE gamma-rays if the impact parameter (the distance of closest approach of the gamma-ray to the center of the star) is small enough. However, we find that the curvature of the photon path due to gravitational lensing will cause gamma-ray photons to maintain a sufficiently large distance from such stars to avoid significant gamma-gamma absorption. This re-inforces the prospect of gravitational-lensing studies of gamma-ray blazars without interference due to gamma-gamma absorption due to the lensing objects.

The Auditory Comprehension of Wh-Questions in Aphasia: Support for the Intervener Hypothesis.

PubMed

Sheppard, Shannon M; Walenski, Matthew; Love, Tracy; Shapiro, Lewis P

2015-06-01

This study examines 3 hypotheses about the processing of wh-questions in both neurologically healthy adults and adults with Broca's aphasia. We used an eye tracking while listening method with 32 unimpaired participants (Experiment 1) and 8 participants with Broca's aphasia (Experiment 2). Accuracy, response time, and online gaze data were collected. In Experiment 1, we established a baseline for how unimpaired processing and comprehension of 4 types of wh-question (subject- and object-extracted who- and which-questions) manifest. There was no unambiguous support found for any of the 3 hypotheses in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2 with the Broca's participants, however, we found significantly lower accuracy, slower response times, and increased interference in our gaze data in the object-extracted which-questions relative to the other conditions. Our results provide support for the intervener hypothesis, which states that sentence constructions that contain an intervener (a lexical noun phrase) between a displaced noun phrase and its gap site result in a significant processing disadvantage relative to other constructions. We argue that this hypothesis offers a compelling explanation for the comprehension deficits seen in some participants with Broca's aphasia.

[Experimental study on the impact of photodynamic therapy on the normal vocal cord injury].

PubMed

Liu, Haiyan; Huang, Yongwang; Wang, Shanshan; Li, Yingxin; Yin, Huijuan; Gao, Xiaowei

2015-12-01

To investigate the reactive characteristics of normal vocal cord tissues to photodynamic therapy (PDT) and the damage effects of different concentration of photosensitizer and different light on normal rabbit vocal cord. Making the preliminary research of PDT in clinical treatment of chronic inflammation of the vocal cords and precancerous lesions. Twenty-five healthy Japanese big ear experimental rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: low work rate low dose group A (100 mW, 10%5-ALA), high work rate low dose group B (200 mW, 10%5-ALA), high work rate high dose group C (200 mW, 20%5-ALA), low work rate high dose group D (100 mW, 20%5-ALA) and normal control group E. The issue damage and wound recovery were observed in 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, 14 d, 28 d after intervention. A severe inflammation reaction was observed in group A, B, C, D after intervened with PDT compared to normal group. The reaction of group A was lighter, and the reaction of group C was the most serious. The content of collagenous fiber, hyaluronic acid and fibronectin in vocal fold lamina layer was significantly higher than that in normal group (P<0.05). Different degrees of fiber proliferation were observed in all groups. The content of each component of vocal fold lamina layer tended to be normal slightly higher level in 28 d. Observation by electron microscope showed that there were no significant differences in A, B, C, D, E in 28 d after intervention. Recoverable damage repair process can be detected in rabbit vocal after intervened with PDT, which began in 7 d and basically completed in 28 d. In a certain concentration (10%-20%) and dose range (100-200 mW). The higher of photodynamic dose, the more serious of the damage. And the damage was basically reversible.

Laparoscopic inguinal herniorrhaphy in children: a three-center experience with 933 repairs.

PubMed

Schier, Felix; Montupet, Philippe; Esposito, Ciro

2002-03-01

Laparoscopic inguinal herniorrhaphy has been introduced recently as an alternative to conventional open repair in children. This study was undertaken to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and reproducibility of this minimally invasive approach. A total of 933 laparoscopic inguinal herniorrhaphies were performed on 666 children (597 boys and 69 girls), ranging in age from 3 weeks to 14 years (median, 3.2 years). A 5-mm laparoscope was placed through an umbilical incision, and two 2-mm or 3-mm needle drivers were inserted through the lateral abdominal wall. The neck of the sac was closed with a 4-0 monofilament suture. The needle was inserted directly through the abdominal wall, and removed together with the trocar. Only the umbilical fascia was closed with an absorbable suture. No skin sutures were applied. A total of 911 indirect inguinal hernia sacs were closed (337 right, 172 left, 402 bilateral) and 22 direct inguinal hernias were repaired (14 boys, 3 girls; 11 right, 3 left, 4 bilateral). The median operating time was 22 minutes (range, unilateral, 7 to 45 min; bilateral, 9 to 51 min). With experience, this time gradually decreased. There were no intraoperative complications. The contralateral asymptomatic processus was unexpectedly open on the left side in 137 of the boys (23%) and 10 of the girls (15%), and on the right side in 131 of the boys (22%) and 21 of the girls (32%). In 16% of the children, the final procedure was modified on the basis of the anatomic findings. No hernia was found in 13 children (1.9%). The recurrence rate was 3.4% (follow-up time ranged from 2 months to 7 years). Hydroceles were observed in 4 children, and a subtle change in testicular position and size was noted in one boy. Laparoscopic inguinal repair in children proved safe and reproducible, although the recurrence rate was slightly higher than with the open approach. However, laparoscopy allows easy and precise identification of the type of defect and its correction. In this series, the incidence of direct inguinal hernias was higher, and the incidence of a patent contralateral processus vaginalis was lower than previously reported. Copyright 2002 by W.B. Saunders Company.

Anatomical study of the auditory region of Arctotherium tarijense (Ursidae, Tremarctinae), an extinct short-faced bear from the Pleistocene of South America.

PubMed

Arnaudo, Maria Eugenia; Bona, Paula; Soibelzon, Leopoldo Hector; Schubert, Blaine W

2016-12-01

Here we present the most detailed morphological study of the auditory region of a tremarctinae bear, Arctotherium tarijense Ameghino. In addition, we provide new anatomical information of the Tremarctinae inner ear, such as coplanarity and deviation from orthogonality of the semicircular canals, as an approach to infer the head movements which encountered the extinct forms in locomotion. Based on morphological comparisons, A. tarijense exhibits the following particular features: the cavum tympani presents the highest relative volume compared with other ursids; the processus paraoccipitalis has a foramen that is absent in other tremarctines; there is only one (ventral) recess in the anterior region of the cavum tympani; and the recessus epytimpanicus is the smallest for all ursids studied. In relation to the inner ear, A. tarijense shows the lowest values of orthogonality deviation and highest scores of locomotor agility. Based on this, is possible to make a preliminary proposal that this species had a relative high vestibular sensibility and therefore a better ability to explore different kind of habitats. However, this hypothesis might be contrasted among bears taking into account the orientation of each semicircular canal in a phylogenetic framework. © 2016 Anatomical Society.

Nursing interventions for rehabilitation in Parkinson's disease: cross mapping of terms.

PubMed

Tosin, Michelle Hyczy de Siqueira; Campos, Débora Moraes; Andrade, Leonardo Tadeu de; Oliveira, Beatriz Guitton Renaud Baptista de; Santana, Rosimere Ferreira

2016-08-08

to perform a cross-term mapping of nursing language in the patient record with the Nursing Interventions Classification system, in rehabilitation patients with Parkinson's disease. a documentary research study to perform cross mapping. A probabilistic, simple random sample composed of 67 records of patients with Parkinson's disease who participated in a rehabilitation program, between March of 2009 and April of 2013. The research was conducted in three stages, in which the nursing terms were mapped to natural language and crossed with the Nursing Interventions Classification. a total of 1,077 standard interventions that, after crossing with the taxonomy and refinement performed by the experts, resulted in 32 interventions equivalent to the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) system. The NICs, "Education: The process of the disease.", "Contract with the patient", and "Facilitation of Learning" were present in 100% of the records. For these interventions, 40 activities were described, representing 13 activities by intervention. the cross mapping allowed for the identification of corresponding terms with the nursing interventions used every day in rehabilitation nursing, and compared them to the Nursing Interventions Classification. realizar o mapeamento cruzado de termos da linguagem de Enfermagem, com o sistema de Classificação das Intervenções de Enfermagem, em prontuários de pacientes com doença de Parkinson em reabilitação. estudo de pesquisa documental, para realização de mapeamento cruzado. Amostra probabilística, do tipo aleatória simples, composta por 67 prontuários de pacientes com doença de Parkinson que participaram de programa de reabilitação, entre março de 2009 e abril de 2013. Pesquisa realizada em três etapas onde foram mapeados os termos de Enfermagem em linguagem livre e cruzados com o sistema de Classificação das Intervenções de Enfermagem. foram identificadas 1.077 intervenções normalizadas que, após o cruzamento com a taxonomia e o refinamento feito pelos especialistas, resultaram em 32 intervenções equivalentes ao sistema de Classificação das Intervenções de Enfermagem. "Ensino: Processo da doença", "Contrato com o Paciente" e "Facilitação da Aprendizagem" estiveram presentes em 100% dos prontuários. Para essas, foram descritas 40 atividades, representando 13 atividades por intervenção prescrita. o mapeamento cruzado permitiu levantar os termos correspondentes às Intervenções de Enfermagem utilizados no cotidiano dos enfermeiros de reabilitação e compará-los ao sistema de Classificação das Intervenções de Enfermagem. realizar el mapeo cruzado de términos del lenguaje de Enfermería con el Sistema de Clasificación de las Intervenciones de Enfermería en historias clínicas de pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson en rehabilitación. estudio de investigación documental para realización de mapeo cruzado. Muestra probabilística de tipo aleatoria simple, compuesta por 67 historias clínicas de pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson que participaron del programa de rehabilitación entre marzo de 2009 y abril de 2013. Investigación realizada en tres etapas donde fueron mapeados los términos de Enfermería en lenguaje libre y cruzados con el sistemas de Clasificación de Intervenciones de Enfermería. se identificaron 1077 intervenciones normalizadas que, después del cruzamiento con la taxonomía y el refinamiento hecho por los especialistas, resultaron en 32 intervenciones equivalentes al sistema de Clasificación de Intervenciones de Enfermería. "Enseñanza: Proceso de la enfermedad", "Contrato con el paciente" y "Facilitación del aprendizaje" estuvieron presentes en 100% de las historias clínicas. Para éstas, se describieron 40 actividades, representando 13 actividades por cada intervención prescripta. el mapeo cruzado permitió encontrar los términos correspondientes a las Intervenciones en Enfermería utilizados en el día a día de los enfermeros de rehabilitación y compararlos con el sistema de Clasificación de Intervenciones de Enfermería.

Effects of the turbulent ISM on radio observations of quasars

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gabányi, Krisztina; Britzen, S.; Krichbaum, T. P.; Bach, U.; Fuhrmann, L.; Kraus, A.; Witzel, A.; Zensus, J. A.

In radio bands, the study of compact radio sources can be affected by propagation effects introduced by the interstellar medium, usually attributed to the presence of turbulent intervening plasma along the line of sight. Here, two of such effects are presented. The line of sight of B 2005+403 passes through the heavily scattered region of Cygnus causing substantial angular broadening of the source images obtained at frequencies between 0.6 GHz and 8 GHz. At higher frequencies, however, the intrinsic source structure shines through. Therefore, multi-frequency VLBI observations allow to study the characteristics of the intervening material, the source morphology and the interplay between them in forming the observed image.

College Students' Responses to Suicidal Content on Social Networking Sites: An Examination Using a Simulated Facebook Newsfeed.

PubMed

Corbitt-Hall, Darcy J; Gauthier, Jami M; Davis, Margaret T; Witte, Tracy K

2016-10-01

Although Facebook has a peer-initiated suicide prevention protocol, little is known about users' abilities to notice, recognize, and appropriately interpret suicidal content or about their willingness to intervene. In this study, 468 college students were randomly assigned to interact with a simulated Facebook newsfeed containing content reflecting various suicide risk levels. A larger proportion of those exposed to content reflecting moderate and severe suicide risk noticed, recognized, appropriately interpreted, and endorsed taking action to intervene, as compared to those exposed to content representing no or low risk. Overall, results indicate that college students are responsive to suicidal content on Facebook. © 2016 The American Association of Suicidology.

The role of the nurse in combating human trafficking.

PubMed

Sabella, Donna

2011-02-01

Human trafficking, also called modern slavery, happens worldwide--and the United States is no exception. Within our borders, thousands of foreign nationals and U.S. citizens, many of them children, are forced or coerced into sex work or various forms of labor every year. Nurses and other health care providers who encounter victims of trafficking often don't realize it, and opportunities to intervene are lost. Although no one sign can demonstrate with certainty when someone is being trafficked, there are several indicators that clinicians should know. This article provides an overview of human trafficking, describes how to recognize signs that a person is being trafficked and how to safely intervene, and offers an extensive resource list.

Electron Flow through Proteins

PubMed Central

Gray, Harry B.; Winkler, Jay R.

2009-01-01

Electron transfers in photosynthesis and respiration commonly occur between metal-containing cofactors that are separated by large molecular distances. Employing laser flash-quench triggering methods, we have shown that 20-Å, coupling-limited FeII to RuIII and CuI to RuIII electron tunneling in Ru-modified cytochromes and blue copper proteins can occur on the microsecond timescale both in solutions and crystals. Redox equivalents can be transferred even longer distances by multistep tunneling, often called hopping, through intervening amino acid side chains. Our work has established that 20-Å hole hopping through an intervening tryptophan is two orders of magnitude faster than single-step electron tunneling in a Re-modified blue copper protein. PMID:20161522

Polyglutamine aggregation in Huntington and related diseases.

PubMed

Polling, Saskia; Hill, Andrew F; Hatters, Danny M

2012-01-01

Polyglutamine (polyQ)-expansions in different proteins cause nine neurodegenerative diseases. While polyQ aggregation is a key pathological hallmark of these diseases, how aggregation relates to pathogenesis remains contentious. In this chapter, we review what is known about the aggregation process and how cells respond and interact with the polyQ-expanded proteins. We cover detailed biophysical and structural studies to uncover the intrinsic features of polyQ aggregates and concomitant effects in the cellular environment. We also examine the functional consequences ofpolyQ aggregation and how cells may attempt to intervene and guide the aggregation process.

Prevention of thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation - new anticoagulants.

PubMed

Campos, Alexandre Holthausen; Cirenza, Cláudio

2011-09-01

The authors present alternatives for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Its detection is based on the use of different methods that record the cardiac electrical activity. The treatment involves intervening in the underlying disorder, antiarrhythmic drugs, stimulation and cardiac defibrillation devices, and, less often, surgery. The technological advances in the last two decades have provided greater efficiency in diagnoses and therapy. Atrial fibrilation patients will benefit from a new set of anticoagulant drugs tested in the past three years. The potential advantages include greater safety and efficacy, as well as convenience for not requiring frequent laboratory controls.

Leo Szilard Lectureship Award: Arguing from the Periphery

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ramana, M. V.

2014-03-01

In today's societies, where the use of sophisticated and potentially dangerous technologies has become routine and where economic and political power require the constant invention and deployment of new technologies, meaningful democratization necessarily requires that people with expertise on these subjects intervene actively in the public interest, speaking truth to power as it were. There is a long history of such intervention by scientists, physicists in particular, in debates over nuclear policies in many countries around the world. This talk will explore different roles scientists have played in this contentious and disputed arena, with some recent examples from India.

Early Identification and Treatment of Antisocial Behavior.

PubMed

Frick, Paul J

2016-10-01

Severe and persistent antisocial behavior is a prevalent, serious, and costly mental health problem. Individuals who are most likely to show persistent antisocial behavior through adolescence and into adulthood often show patterns of severe and varied conduct problems early in childhood. Treatments that intervene early in the development of these problems are most effective and least costly. Furthermore, there appear to be several common causal pathways that differ in their genetic, emotional, cognitive, and contextual characteristics. These pathways are differentiated by the level of callous-unemotional traits displayed by the individual. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The past 10 years of gastroenterology and hepatology-reflections and predictions.

PubMed

Friedman, Scott L; Quigley, Eamonn M M; Sharkey, Keith A; Sung, Joseph J Y; Whitcomb, David C

2014-11-01

In November 2004, the very first issue of this journal featured articles on the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis, mechanisms leading to chronic pancreatitis, and treatment of recurrent Clostridium-difficile-associated diarrhoea. Although those topics might seem familiar, much has changed in the intervening years in our understanding, diagnosis and treatment of many different diseases across the field of gastroenterology and hepatology. Nonetheless, many challenges remain. Here, we have asked five of our Advisory Board members-international experts across different subspecialties in gastroenterology and hepatology-to reflect on the progress and frustrations of the past 10 years. They also comment on where effort and money should be invested now, as well as their predictions for progress in the next 10 years.

Innovative techniques for the production of energetic radicals for lunar materials processing including photogeneration via concentrated solar energy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Osborn, D. E.; Lynch, D. C.; Fazzolari, R.

1990-01-01

The Department of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) is investigating the use of monatomic chlorine produced in a cold plasma to recover oxygen and metallurgically significant metals from lunar materials. Development of techniques for the production of the chlorine radical (and other energetic radicals for these processes) using local planetary resources is a key step for a successful approach. It was demonstrated terrestrially that the use of UV light to energize the photogeneration of OH radicals from ozone or hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solutions can lead to rapid reaction rates for the breakdown of toxic organic compounds in water. A key question is how to use the expanded solar resource at the lunar surface to generate process-useful radicals. This project is aimed at investigating that question.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of cervix: two cases report and review of the literature.

PubMed

Benhayoune, Khadija; El Fatemi, Hinde; Bannani, Abdelaziz; Melhouf, Abdelilah; Harmouch, Toufik

2015-01-01

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cervix is a rare and aggressive tumor with fatal outcome. In this paper we report two cases of primary adenoid cystic carcinoma and a review of literature. A 80 years old woman, admitted to our hospital with postmenopausal bleeding and hydrorrhea. Gynealogical examination showed a cervical stenotic with the presence of a tumor processus. Biopsy of cervical growth was done. 80-year-old woman presented with vaginal bleeding with pelvic pain. Physical examination revealed a friable mass in the cervix. Incisional biopsy was performed. In the both cases the diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cercix was confirmed. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cervix is clinically and radiologically similar to other tumors of the cervix but the diagnosis can only be made by histological examination.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of cervix: two cases report and review of the literature

PubMed Central

Benhayoune, Khadija; El Fatemi, Hinde; Bannani, Abdelaziz; Melhouf, Abdelilah; Harmouch, Toufik

2015-01-01

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cervix is a rare and aggressive tumor with fatal outcome. In this paper we report two cases of primary adenoid cystic carcinoma and a review of literature. A 80 years old woman, admitted to our hospital with postmenopausal bleeding and hydrorrhea. Gynealogical examination showed a cervical stenotic with the presence of a tumor processus. Biopsy of cervical growth was done. 80-year-old woman presented with vaginal bleeding with pelvic pain. Physical examination revealed a friable mass in the cervix. Incisional biopsy was performed. In the both cases the diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cercix was confirmed. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cervix is clinically and radiologically similar to other tumors of the cervix but the diagnosis can only be made by histological examination. PMID:26090035

A novel non prophage(-like) gene-intervening element within gerE that is reconstituted during sporulation in Bacillus cereus ATCC10987.

PubMed

Abe, Kimihiro; Shimizu, Shin-Ya; Tsuda, Shuhei; Sato, Tsutomu

2017-09-12

Gene rearrangement is a widely-shared phenomenon in spore forming bacteria, in which prophage(-like) elements interrupting sporulation-specific genes are excised from the host genome to reconstitute the intact gene. Here, we report a novel class of gene-intervening elements, named gin, inserted in the 225 bp gerE-coding region of the B. cereus ATCC10987 genome, which generates a sporulation-specific rearrangement. gin has no phage-related genes and possesses three site-specific recombinase genes; girA, girB, and girC. We demonstrated that the gerE rearrangement occurs at the middle stage of sporulation, in which site-specific DNA recombination took place within the 9 bp consensus sequence flanking the disrupted gerE segments. Deletion analysis of gin uncovered that GirC and an additional factor, GirX, are responsible for gerE reconstitution. Involvement of GirC and GirX in DNA recombination was confirmed by an in vitro recombination assay. These results broaden the definition of the sporulation-specific gene rearrangement phenomenon: gene-intervening elements are not limited to phage DNA but may include non-viral genetic elements that carry a developmentally-regulated site-specific recombination system.

NFP, a LysM protein controlling Nod factor perception, also intervenes in Medicago truncatula resistance to pathogens.

PubMed

Rey, Thomas; Nars, Amaury; Bonhomme, Maxime; Bottin, Arnaud; Huguet, Stéphanie; Balzergue, Sandrine; Jardinaud, Marie-Françoise; Bono, Jean-Jacques; Cullimore, Julie; Dumas, Bernard; Gough, Clare; Jacquet, Christophe

2013-05-01

Plant LysM proteins control the perception of microbial-derived N-acetylglucosamine compounds for the establishment of symbiosis or activation of plant immunity. This raises questions about how plants, and notably legumes, can differentiate friends and foes using similar molecular actors and whether any receptors can intervene in both symbiosis and resistance. To study this question, nfp and lyk3 LysM-receptor like kinase mutants of Medicago truncatula that are affected in the early steps of nodulation, were analysed following inoculation with Aphanomyces euteiches, a root oomycete. The role of NFP in this interaction was further analysed by overexpression of NFP and by transcriptome analyses. nfp, but not lyk3, mutants were significantly more susceptible than wildtype plants to A. euteiches, whereas NFP overexpression increased resistance. Transcriptome analyses on A. euteiches inoculation showed that mutation in the NFP gene led to significant changes in the expression of c. 500 genes, notably involved in cell dynamic processes previously associated with resistance to pathogen penetration. nfp mutants also showed an increased susceptibility to the fungus Colletotrichum trifolii. These results demonstrate that NFP intervenes in M. truncatula immunity, suggesting an unsuspected role for NFP in the perception of pathogenic signals. © 2013 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2013 New Phytologist Trust.

THERAPIST PERCEPTIONS OF INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE: A REPLICATION OF HARWAY AND HANSEN2019;S STUDY AFTER MORE THAN A DECADE

PubMed Central

Dudley, Desreen Raphael; McCloskey, Kathy; Kustron, Debora A.

2014-01-01

More than a decade ago, Hansen, Harway, and Cervantes (1991) and Harway and Hansen (1993) conducted a research study examining mental health providers’ ability to accurately perceive violence within couples presenting for therapy and to intervene in a manner in which to reduce the risk of danger to couples. The results were alarming, with 40% of therapists sampled failing to perceive intimate partner violence (IPV) and virtually no therapists intervening to reduce the risk of lethality. Harway and colleagues questioned how well-trained and informed therapists were in assessing IPV. The present study replicates Harway and colleagues’ study with the expectation that, over a decade later, therapists are better prepared to accurately identify IPV issues and intervene effectively to reduce the risk of lethality. Reproducing the two main procedures used in the original study, 111 psychologists, clinical social workers, and marriage and family therapists were asked to respond to a survey. Results show that therapists have indeed improved their ability to identify IPV issues. Twenty percent of therapists predicted an increase in conflict, compared to 4% in the original sample. However, almost no therapists accurately predicted lethality in either study. Implications concerning IPV training for therapists are discussed. PMID:24729677

Coach Expectations About Off-Field Conduct and Bystander Intervention by U.S. College Football Players to Prevent Inappropriate Sexual Behavior.

PubMed

Kroshus, Emily; Paskus, Tom; Bell, Lydia

2015-09-21

The objective of the present study was to assess whether there is a positive association between expectations about off-field conduct set by the team coach and the likelihood that college football players intend to engage as prosocial bystanders in the prevention of what they consider to be inappropriate sexual behavior. In a sample of U.S. collegiate football players (N = 3,281), a path analysis model tested the association between coach expectations, perceived likelihood of discipline for off-field transgressions, and likelihood of intending to intervene to prevent inappropriate sexual behavior. Mediation of these relationships by the athlete's sense of exploitative entitlement and their attitudes about intervening were also assessed. Findings supported the hypothesized relationships, with expectations and discipline associated with bystander intentions both directly and indirectly through the mediating pathways of entitlement and attitudes about intervening. These findings provide evidence about the important role that sports team coaches can play in encouraging bystander intervention by clarifying expectations and consequences for conduct off the field of play. Athletic departments can provide a framework within which coaches are informed about the importance of setting and enforcing standards for off-field behavior, and are appropriately incentivized to do so. © The Author(s) 2015.

Investigating the Impact of Current Sheet Crossings on the Propagation of Solar Energetic Particles in the Inner Heliosphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schooley, A. K.; Kahler, S.; Lepri, S. T.; Liemohn, M. W.

2017-12-01

Gradual solar energetic particle events (SEPs) are produced in the solar corona and as these particle events propagate through the inner heliosphere and interplanetary space they might encounter intervening magnetic obstacles such as the heliospheric current sheet. These encounters may impact SEP acceleration or production. We investigate the extent to which propagation through these intervening structures might be affecting later in-situ SEP measurements at 1 AU. By analyzing large gradual SEP rise phases in a multi-year survey, we investigate the impact crossing a current sheet or other interplanetary magnetic structure has on in-situ SEP time-intensity profiles. Simultaneous Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) magnetometer observations and measurements of suprathermal electron pitch angle distributions from ACE's Solar Wind Electron, Proton & Alpha Monitor (SWEPAM) are considered to indicate changes in magnetic polarity and magnetic topology. Potential field source surface models of the heliospheric current sheet are used to validate potential current sheet crossing times. We discuss those magnetic obstacles identified that SEPs likely encountered. We discuss the frequency of such encounters, their possible structure and their impact on the SEP time-intensity profiles. Preliminary results indicate that possible intervening interplanetary magnetic structures should be considered when analyzing in-situ SEP observations.

Long-term kidney outcomes among users of proton pump inhibitors without intervening acute kidney injury.

PubMed

Xie, Yan; Bowe, Benjamin; Li, Tingting; Xian, Hong; Yan, Yan; Al-Aly, Ziyad

2017-06-01

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use is associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI), incident chronic kidney disease (CKD), and progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). PPI-associated CKD is presumed to be mediated by intervening AKI. However, whether PPI use is associated with an increased risk of chronic renal outcomes in the absence of intervening AKI is unknown. To evaluate this we used the Department of Veterans Affairs national databases to build a cohort of 144,032 incident users of acid suppression therapy that included 125,596 PPI and 18,436 Histamine H2 receptor antagonist (H2 blockers) consumers. Over 5 years of follow-up in survival models, cohort participants were censored at the time of AKI occurrence. Compared with incident users of H2 blockers, incident users of PPIs had an increased risk of an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) under 60 ml/min/1.73m 2 (hazard ratio 1.19; 95% confidence interval 1.15-1.24), incident CKD (1.26; 1.20-1.33), eGFR decline over 30% (1.22; 1.16-1.28), and ESRD or eGFR decline over 50% (1.30; 1.15-1.48). Results were consistent in models that excluded participants with AKI either before chronic renal outcomes, during the time in the cohort, or before cohort entry. The proportion of PPI effect mediated by AKI was 44.7%, 45.47%, 46.00%, and 46.72% for incident eGFR under 60 ml/min/1.73m 2 , incident CKD, eGFR decline over 30%, and ESRD or over 50% decline in eGFR, respectively. Thus, PPI use is associated with increased risk of chronic renal outcomes in the absence of intervening AKI. Hence, reliance on antecedent AKI as warning sign to guard against the risk of CKD among PPI users is not sufficient as a sole mitigation strategy. Published by Elsevier Inc.

[Contribution of the study of singing in tune in musically non-expert subjects: importance of short term memory of the pitch (19 to 28 year-old subjects)].

PubMed

Belin, S; Peuvergne, A; Sarfati, J

2005-01-01

In the singing, which requires precise knowledge of the relevant musical code in use, accuracy of intonation plays a central role. Singing in tune requires to perceive pitch precisely and to memorize it before planning and executing the accurate vocal motion, which allows the exact emission of the correct pitch. Our work investigated the role of short term memory of pitch on singing accuracy. For that purpose, the experimental protocol of Deutsch (1970) was adapted for a perception and a production task. Participants were selected for their singing accuracy and separated into two groups of ten singing in tune and ten out-of-tune. All participants perceived pitch height exactly and were musically non-experts. For the perception and the production tasks, participants had to either compare or reproduce single pitches or two-pitch-sets. For the perception task, participants had to compare either single pitches or two-pitch patterns, all separated by a five seconds delay. For the production task, participants had to reproduce either single pitches or two-pitch patterns after a five seconds delay. The five seconds delay was either filled with intervening numbers, or with intervening tones, or without any disturbing sound. In perception and production task, the presence of intervening tones disturbs deeply the success of the subjects for every trial. Performance of the in-tune singing group is better for all the exercises while the other group had difficulties on single pitches and two-pitch patterns and was more disturbed by the effect of the intervening material. The outcome suggests that short term memory of pitch and accuracy of intonation would be closely linked. Further research needs to specify if that would mean that troubles in singing in tune are a consequence of a low-efficient short term memory of pitch, or if that troubles would hold up the right construction of the short term memory of pitch.

Erasing the face after-effect.

PubMed

Kiani, Ghazaleh; Davies-Thompson, Jodie; Barton, Jason J S

2014-10-24

Perceptual after-effects decay over time at a rate that depends on several factors, such as the duration of adaptation and the duration of the test stimuli. Whether this decay is accelerated by exposure to other faces after adaptation is not known. Our goal was to determine if the appearance of other faces during a delay period after adaptation affected the face identity after-effect. In the first experiment we investigated whether, in the perception of ambiguous stimuli created by morphing between two faces, the repulsive after-effects from adaptation to one face were reduced by brief presentation of the second face in a delay period. We found no effect; however, this may have been confounded by a small attractive after-effect from the interference face. In the second experiment, the interference stimuli were faces unrelated to those used as adaptation stimuli, and we examined after-effects at three different delay periods. This showed a decline in after-effects as the time since adaptation increased, and an enhancement of this decline by the presentation of intervening faces. An exponential model estimated that the intervening faces caused an 85% reduction in the time constant of the after-effect decay. In conclusion, we confirm that face after-effects decline rapidly after adaptation and that exposure to other faces hastens the re-setting of the system. Crown Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Does Practice Make Perfect? A Randomized Control Trial of Behavioral Rehearsal on Suicide Prevention Gatekeeper Skills

PubMed Central

Seaburn, David; Gibbs, Danette; Schmeelk-Cone, Karen; White, Ann Marie; Caine, Eric D.

2011-01-01

Suicide is the third leading cause of death among 10–24-year-olds and the target of school-based prevention efforts. Gatekeeper training, a broadly disseminated prevention strategy, has been found to enhance participant knowledge and attitudes about intervening with distressed youth. Although the goal of training is the development of gatekeeper skills to intervene with at-risk youth, the impact on skills and use of training is less known. Brief gatekeeper training programs are largely educational and do not employ active learning strategies such as behavioral rehearsal through role play practice to assist skill development. In this study, we compare gatekeeper training as usual with training plus brief behavioral rehearsal (i.e., role play practice) on a variety of learning outcomes after training and at follow-up for 91 school staff and 56 parents in a school community. We found few differences between school staff and parent participants. Both training conditions resulted in enhanced knowledge and attitudes, and almost all participants spread gatekeeper training information to others in their network. Rigorous standardized patient and observational methods showed behavioral rehearsal with role play practice resulted in higher total gatekeeper skill scores immediately after training and at follow-up. Both conditions, however, showed decrements at follow-up. Strategies to strengthen and maintain gatekeeper skills over time are discussed. PMID:21814869

Does practice make perfect? A randomized control trial of behavioral rehearsal on suicide prevention gatekeeper skills.

PubMed

Cross, Wendi F; Seaburn, David; Gibbs, Danette; Schmeelk-Cone, Karen; White, Ann Marie; Caine, Eric D

2011-08-01

Suicide is the third leading cause of death among 10-24-year-olds and the target of school-based prevention efforts. Gatekeeper training, a broadly disseminated prevention strategy, has been found to enhance participant knowledge and attitudes about intervening with distressed youth. Although the goal of training is the development of gatekeeper skills to intervene with at-risk youth, the impact on skills and use of training is less known. Brief gatekeeper training programs are largely educational and do not employ active learning strategies such as behavioral rehearsal through role play practice to assist skill development. In this study, we compare gatekeeper training as usual with training plus brief behavioral rehearsal (i.e., role play practice) on a variety of learning outcomes after training and at follow-up for 91 school staff and 56 parents in a school community. We found few differences between school staff and parent participants. Both training conditions resulted in enhanced knowledge and attitudes, and almost all participants spread gatekeeper training information to others in their network. Rigorous standardized patient and observational methods showed behavioral rehearsal with role play practice resulted in higher total gatekeeper skill scores immediately after training and at follow-up. Both conditions, however, showed decrements at follow-up. Strategies to strengthen and maintain gatekeeper skills over time are discussed.

Setting health priorities in a community: a case example.

PubMed

Sousa, Fábio Alexandre Melo do Rego; Goulart, Maria José Garcia; Braga, Antonieta Manuela Dos Santos; Medeiros, Clara Maria Oliveira; Rego, Débora Cristina Martins; Vieira, Flávio Garcia; Pereira, Helder José Alves da Rocha; Tavares, Helena Margarida Correia Vicente; Loura, Marta Maria Puim

2017-03-02

To describe the methodology used in the process of setting health priorities for community intervention in a community of older adults. Based on the results of a health diagnosis related to active aging, a prioritization process was conceived to select the priority intervention problem. The process comprised four successive phases of problem analysis and classification: (1) grouping by level of similarity, (2) classification according to epidemiological criteria, (3) ordering by experts, and (4) application of the Hanlon method. These stages combined, in an integrated manner, the views of health team professionals, community nursing and gerontology experts, and the actual community. The first stage grouped the identified problems by level of similarity, comprising a body of 19 issues for analysis. In the second stage these problems were classified by the health team members by epidemiological criteria (size, vulnerability, and transcendence). The nine most relevant problems resulting from the second stage of the process were submitted to expert analysis and the five most pertinent problems were selected. The last step identified the priority issue for intervention in this specific community with the participation of formal and informal community leaders: Low Social Interaction in Community Participation. The prioritization process is a key step in health planning, enabling the identification of priority problems to intervene in a given community at a given time. There are no default formulas for selecting priority issues. It is up to each community intervention team to define its own process with different methods/techniques that allow the identification of and intervention in needs classified as priority by the community. Descrever a metodologia utilizada no processo de estabelecimento de prioridades em saúde para intervenção comunitária, numa comunidade idosa. Partindo dos resultados de um diagnóstico de saúde no âmbito da promoção do envelhecimento ativo, concebeu-se um processo de estabelecimento de prioridades a fim de selecionar o problema prioritário para intervenção. O processo integrou quatro etapas sucessivas de análise e classificação dos problemas: (1) agrupamento por nível de similitude, (2) classificação de acordo com critérios epidemiológicos, (3) ordenação por peritos e (4) aplicação do método de Hanlon. No decurso destas etapas, combinaram-se, de forma integrada, as perspetivas dos profissionais da equipe de saúde, de peritos em enfermagem comunitária e gerontologia e da própria comunidade. Na primeira etapa, agruparam-se por nível de similitude os problemas identificados, constituindo-se um corpo de 19 problemas para análise. Na segunda, esses problemas foram classificados pelos elementos da equipe de saúde, mediante a aplicação de critérios de cariz epidemiológico (magnitude, vulnerabilidade e transcendência). Os nove problemas mais relevantes resultantes da operacionalização da segunda etapa do processo foram submetidos a análise por peritos, e selecionados os cinco problemas com maior pertinência de atuação. Na última etapa, com recurso à participação de líderes formais e informais da comunidade, identificou-se o problema prioritário para intervenção nessa comunidade específica: a Baixa Interação Social na Participação Comunitária. O processo de estabelecimento de prioridades é uma etapa fundamental do planejamento em saúde, permitindo identificar os problemas prioritários a intervir numa determinada comunidade e num determinado momento. Não existem fórmulas predeterminadas para a seleção de problemas prioritários. Cabe a cada equipe de intervenção comunitária a definição de um processo próprio com diferentes métodos/técnicas que possibilitem a identificação e intervenção em necessidades classificadas como prioritárias pela comunidade.

On Ensino da Astronomia no Ensino Médio sob Diferentes Abordagens Metodológicas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Voelzke, Marcos Rincon; Albrecht, Evonir

2011-12-01

O presente trabalho, sobre a intervenção de metodologias de ensino, foi desenvolvido na Escola Estadual Colônia dos Pescadores, na cidade de Caraguatatuba - SP, em três turmas do terceiro ano do Ensino Médio, perfazendo um total de 119 educandos, entre 16 e 19 anos. Antes de iniciar-se a intervenção, um questionário de vinte perguntas objetivas e dissertativas foi desenvolvido, aplicado pelo professor da classe, que ministrou as aulas correspondentes. Este questionário foi o mesmo em todas as três classes com o objetivo de diagnosticar o conhecimento prévio dos alunos sobre Astronomia. Começando a intervenção nas turmas, o professor envolvido usou três diferentes metodologias de ensino: (A) em forma de seminários, elaborados e apresentados pelos alunos, nos quais o professor fazia apenas as intervenções necessárias, (B) na forma tradicional, com a ajuda de multimídia para o desenvolvimento das aulas e a terceira (C) a tradicional, fazendo uso exclusivo de lousa e giz. No final do trabalho os alunos responderam o mesmo questionário novamente, de modo que os três métodos utilizados puderam ser comparados. Os resultados apresentados após a intervenção foram melhores que os resultados iniciais indicando a ocorrência de uma aprendizagem significativa. Quando os estudantes foram inicialmente questionados sobre quantos planetas existem no nosso sistema solar, a classe A obteve 39% de respostas certas, a classe B 48% e a classe C 46%, mas após o desenvolvimento das atividades, as classes obtiveram respectivamente 94%, 97 % e 90% de aproveitamento. No término do bimestre, foi sugerido aos educandos que elaborassem uma história em quadrinhos, a qual serviu para averiguar se os conceitos inicialmente observados foram alterados e se novos foram agregados. A análise das histórias foi dividida em três partes: Criatividade; Temas abordados; Emprego correto dos conceitos estudados. Ao final quatorze histórias foram confeccionadas. O aprendizado foi tão significativo que os alunos produzira m histórias em quadrinhos, com informações muito ricas. Outro dado muito importante é que, apesar da Astronomia ser um tema amplamente recomendado, não é ensinado nem em escolas de ensino fundamental nem no ensino médio.

Sensorimotor simulations underlie conceptual representations: modality-specific effects of prior activation.

PubMed

Pecher, Diane; Zeelenberg, René; Barsalou, Lawrence W

2004-02-01

According to the perceptual symbols theory (Barsalou, 1999), sensorimotor simulations underlie the representation of concepts. Simulations are componential in the sense that they vary with the context in which the concept is presented. In the present study, we investigated whether representations are affected by recent experiences with a concept. Concept names (e.g., APPLE) were presented twice in a property verification task with a different property on each occasion. The two properties were either from the same perceptual modality (e.g., green, shiny) or from different modalities (e.g., tart, shiny). All stimuli were words. There was a lag of several intervening trials between the first and second presentation. Verification times and error rates for the second presentation of the concept were higher if the properties were from different modalities than if they were from the same modality.

Using a Multifaceted Approach to Working With Children Who Have Differences in Sensory Processing and Integration

PubMed Central

Glennon, Tara J.; Ausderau, Karla; Bendixen, Roxanna M.; Kuhaneck, Heather Miller; Pfeiffer, Beth; Watling, Renee; Wilkinson, Kimberly; Bodison, Stefanie C.

2017-01-01

Pediatric occupational therapy practitioners frequently provide interventions for children with differences in sensory processing and integration. Confusion exists regarding how best to intervene with these children and about how to describe and document methods. Some practitioners hold the misconception that Ayres Sensory Integration intervention is the only approach that can and should be used with this population. The issue is that occupational therapy practitioners must treat the whole client in varied environments; to do so effectively, multiple approaches to intervention often are required. This article presents a framework for conceptualizing interventions for children with differences in sensory processing and integration that incorporates multiple evidence-based approaches. To best meet the needs of the children and families seeking occupational therapy services, interventions must be focused on participation and should be multifaceted. PMID:28218599

Experimental study with nursing staff related to the knowledge about pressure ulcers.

PubMed

Baron, Miriam Viviane; Reuter, Cézane Priscila; Burgos, Miria Suzana; Cavalli, Veniria; Brandenburg, Cristine; Krug, Suzane Beatriz Frantz

2016-11-21

to compare the scores of knowledge in teams participating or not participating in educational interventions about pressure ulcers. a quantitative study with experimental design. Data were collected through a validated questionnaire. The study included 71 individuals, including nurses and nursing technicians from three intensive care units, divided into intervention group and control group. Data analysis considered the scores of the groups in the moment before and after intervention. To check the average rate of correct answers, we calculated the mean and standard deviation. We carried out the Mann-Whitney test for analysis of two independent samples, and the Wilcoxon test for related samples. The mean percentage of correct answers, at the baseline was 74.1% (SD = 26.4) in the intervention group and 76.0% (SD = 22.9) in the control group and post time -intervention, was 87.8% (SD = 18.8) in the group receiving educational intervention, considering that in the control group it was 79.1% (SD = 22.2). The group that participated in educational interventions did not reach the proper average of 90% correct answers for the test. educational interventions on staging, evaluation and prevention of pressure ulcers contributed significantly to the increase of correct responses score in the knowledge test of the intervention group and improved their knowledge on the subject. comparar os escores de conhecimento sobre úlcera por pressão das equipes que participaram ou não de intervenções educativas. estudo quantitativo com delineamento experimental. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário validado. Participaram deste estudo 71 pessoas, dentre enfermeiros e técnicos de Enfermagem de três unidades de terapia intensiva, divididos em grupo-intervenção e grupo-controle. A análise dos dados considerou os escores dos grupos no momento pré e pós-intervenção. Para verificar o escore médio de acertos, foram calculados a média e o desvio-padrão. Foi realizado o Teste de Mann-Whitney, para análise de duas amostras independentes, e o Teste de Wilcoxon, para amostras relacionadas. a porcentagem média de acertos, no momento inicial, foi de 74,1% (dp=26,4) no grupo-intervenção e 76,0% (dp=22,9) no grupo-controle e, no momento pós-intervenção, foi de 87,8% (dp=18,8) no grupo que recebeu intervenção educativa, considerando-se que no grupo-controle foi de 79,1% (dp=22,2). O grupo que participou de intervenções educativas não atingiu a média adequada de 90% de acertos para o teste. as intervenções educativas sobre estadiamento, avaliação e prevenção da úlcera por pressão contribuíram significativamente para o aumento do escore de acertos no teste de conhecimento do grupo-intervenção e melhoraram o conhecimento sobre o tema. comparar las puntuaciones de los conocimientos acerca de las úlceras por presión de los equipos que han participado o no de intervenciones educativas. estudio cuantitativo con diseño experimental. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de cuestionario validado. En el estudio participaron 71 personas, incluyendo enfermeras y técnicos de enfermeria de tres unidades de cuidados intensivos, divididos en grupo de intervención y grupo control. El análisis de los datos consideró las puntuaciones de los grupos antes y después de la intervención. Para comprobar la tasa media de respuestas correctas, se calculó la media y el desvio estándar (DE). La prueba de Mann-Whitney fue realizada para el análisis de dos muestras independientes y la prueba de Wilcoxon para muestras relacionadas. la media del porcentaje de respuestas correctas, al inicio del estudio fue de 74,1% (DE = 26,4) en el grupo de intervención y 76,0% (DE = 22,9) en el grupo de control y en el tiempo post-intervención, fue del 87,8% (DE = 18,8) en el grupo que recibió la intervención educativa, teniendo en cuenta que en el grupo control fue de 79,1% (DE = 22,2). El grupo que participó en las intervenciones educativas no llegó a la media apropiada de 90% de respuestas correctas de la prueba. las intervenciones educativas en la estadificación, evaluación y prevención de las úlceras por presión contribuyeron significativamente al aumento de puntuación de aciertos en la prueba de conocimiento en el grupo de intervención y mejoraron su conocimiento sobre el tema.

Effect of recovery duration from prior exhaustive exercise on the parameters of the power-duration relationship.

PubMed

Ferguson, C; Rossiter, H B; Whipp, B J; Cathcart, A J; Murgatroyd, S R; Ward, S A

2010-04-01

The physiological equivalents of the curvature constant (W') of the high-intensity power-duration (P-t(LIM)) relationship are poorly understood, although they are presumed to reach maxima/minima at exhaustion. In an attempt to improve our understanding of the determinants of W', we therefore aimed to determine its recovery kinetics following exhaustive exercise (which depletes W') concomitantly with those of O(2) uptake (V(O(2)), a proxy for the kinetics of phosphocreatine replenishment) and blood lactate concentration ([L(-)]). Six men performed cycle-ergometer exercise to t(LIM): a ramp and four constant-load tests, at different work rates, for estimation of lactate threshold, W', critical power (CP), and maximum V(O(2)). Three further exhausting tests were performed at different work rates, each preceded by an exhausting "conditioning" bout, with intervening recoveries of 2, 6, and 15 min. Neither prior exhaustion nor recovery duration altered V(O(2)) or [L(-)] at t(LIM). Postconditioning, the P-t(LIM) relationship remained well characterized by a hyperbola, with CP unchanged. However, W' recovered to 37 +/- 5, 65 +/- 6, and 86 +/- 4% of control following 2, 6, and 15 min of intervening recovery, respectively. The W' recovery was curvilinear [interpolated half time (t(1/2)) = 234 +/- 32 s] and appreciably slower than V(O(2)) recovery (t(1/2) = 74 +/- 2 s) but faster than [L(-)] recovery (t(1/2) = 1,366 +/- 799 s). This suggests that W' determines supra-CP exercise tolerance, its restitution kinetics are not a unique function of phosphocreatine concentration or arterial [L(-)], and it is unlikely to simply reflect a finite energy store that becomes depleted at t(LIM).

Sleep Shelters Verbal Memory from Different Kinds of Interference

PubMed Central

Sheth, Bhavin R.; Varghese, Reni; Truong, Thuy

2012-01-01

Study Objectives: Studies have shown that sleep shelters old verbal memories from associative interference arising from new, more recently acquired memories. Our objective is to extend the forms of interference for which sleep provides a sheltering benefit to non-associative and prospective interference, and to examine experimental conditions and memory strengths for which sleep before or after learning particularly affects verbal memory consolidation. Design: Acquiring paired word associates, retention across intervening sleep and wake, training on new, interfering word associates, and test recall of both sets. Setting: University laboratory. Participants: Healthy volunteers. Interventions: N/A. Measurements and Results: Comparing recall before and after intervening periods of sleep versus wake, we found that: (i) Sleep preferentially shields weakly encoded verbal memories from retroactive interference. (ii) Sleep immediately following learning helps shelter memory from associative and non-associative forms of retroactive interference. (iii) Sleep protects new verbal memories from prospective interference. (iv) Word associations acquired for the first time in the evening after a day spent in the wake state are encoded more strongly than word associations acquired in the morning following a night of sleep. Conclusions: The findings extend the known sleep protection from interference to non-associative as well as prospective interference, and limit the protection to weakly encoded word associations. Combined, our results suggest that sleep immediately after verbal learning isolates newly formed memory traces and renders them inaccessible, except by specific contextual cues. Memory isolation in sleep is a passive mechanism that can reasonably account for several experimental findings. Citation: Sheth BR; Varghese R; Truong T. Sleep shelters verbal memory from different kinds of interference. SLEEP 2012;35(7):985-996. PMID:22754045

The impact of intervening in green space in Dutch deprived neighbourhoods on physical activity and general health: results from the quasi-experimental URBAN40 study.

PubMed

Droomers, Mariël; Jongeneel-Grimen, Birthe; Kramer, Daniëlle; de Vries, Sjerp; Kremers, Stef; Bruggink, Jan-Willem; van Oers, Hans; Kunst, Anton E; Stronks, Karien

2016-02-01

Many problems concentrate in deprived neighbourhoods, among which is poor health. One possible way to address these health problems is to invest in the green space in deprived neighbourhoods. The number of evaluations of the public health impact of actual changes in neighbourhood green space is still limited. This study investigated the impact of real-life changes in the quality or quantity of green space in severely deprived neighbourhoods on physical activity and perceived general health. Repeated cross-sectional surveys from 2004 till 2011 yielded self-reported information on leisure time walking, cycling and sports, and perceived general health of 48,132 adult residents. We fitted generalised mixed models to assess the rate of change per half year, estimate the linear trend, and the change in trends before and after the start of the urban regeneration mid-2008. Using a quasi-experimental design, we compared the trends in the intervention neighbourhoods with different selections of control areas. The deprived neighbourhoods that intervened in green space did not show more favourable changes in the trend of physical activity and good general health compared to all the different groups of control areas. We did not observe short-term positive effects on physical activity and general health among adults from improvements in green space in deprived neighbourhoods. This suggests that greening interventions that have been carried out in the context of the Dutch District Approach did not achieve short-term health gains among adults. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/

Prognostic Value of Coronary Flow Reserve Obtained on Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography and its Correlation with Target Heart Rate.

PubMed

Abreu, José Sebastião de; Rocha, Eduardo Arrais; Machado, Isadora Sucupira; Parahyba, Isabelle O; Rocha, Thais Brito; Paes, Fernando José Villar Nogueira; Diogenes, Tereza Cristina Pinheiro; Abreu, Marília Esther Benevides de; Farias, Ana Gardenia Liberato Ponte; Carneiro, Marcia Maria; Paes, José Nogueira

2017-05-01

Normal coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) (≥ 2) obtained in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) from transthoracic echocardiography is associated with a good prognosis, but there is no study correlating CFVR with submaximal target heart rate (HR). To evaluate the prognostic value of CFVR obtained in the LAD of patients with preserved (>50%) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) who completed a dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE), considering target HR. Prospective study of patients with preserved LVEF and CFVR obtained in the LAD who completed DSE. In Group I (GI = 31), normal CFVR was obtained before achieving target HR, and, in Group II (GII = 28), after that. Group III (G III=24) reached target HR, but CFVR was abnormal. Death, acute coronary insufficiency, coronary intervention, coronary angiography without further intervention, and hospitalization were considered events. In 28 ± 4 months, there were 18 (21.6%) events: 6% (2/31) in GI, 18% (5/28) in GII, and 46% (11/24) in GIII. There were 4 (4.8%) deaths, 6 (7.2%) coronary interventions and 8 (9.6%) coronary angiographies without further intervention. In event-free survival by regression analysis, GIII had more events than GI (p < 0.001) and GII (p < 0.045), with no difference between GI and GII (p = 0.160). After adjustment, the only difference was between GIII and GI (p = 0.012). In patients with preserved LVEF and who completed their DSE, normal CFVR obtained before achieving target HR was associated with better prognosis. A reserva de velocidade de fluxo coronariano (RVFC) adequada (≥ 2) obtida na artéria descendente anterior (ADA) através do ecocardiograma transtorácico associa-se a bom prognóstico, mas não há estudo correlacionando-a com a frequência cardíaca (FC) alvo (submáxima). Avaliar o valor prognóstico da RVFC obtida na ADA de pacientes com fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE) preservada (>50%) e ecocardiograma sob estresse com dobutamina (EED) concluído, considerando a FC alvo submáxima. studo prospectivo de pacientes com FEVE preservada e RVFC obtida na ADA durante EED concluído. No Grupo I (GI=31), a RVFC adequada foi obtida antes de se atingir a FC alvo, e no Grupo II (G II=28), após. O Grupo III (G III=24) atingiu a FC alvo, mas a RVFC foi inadequada. Foram considerados eventos: óbito, insuficiência coronariana aguda, intervenção coronariana, coronariografia sem intervenção subsequente e internamento hospitalar. Em 28 ± 4 meses, ocorreram 18 (21,6%) eventos, sendo 6% (2/31) no GI, 18% (5/28) no GII e 46% (11/24) no GIII. Foram 4 (4,8%) óbitos, 6 (7,2%) intervenções coronarianas e 8 (9,6%) coronariografias sem intervenção subsequente. Na sobrevida livre de eventos pela análise de regressão, GIII apresentou mais eventos do que GI (p < 0,001) ou GII (p < 0,045), não havendo diferença entre GI e GII (p = 0,160). Após o ajustamento, foi mantida a diferença apenas entre GIII e GI (p = 0,012). Em pacientes com FEVE preservada e EED concluído, a RVFC adequada obtida antes da FC alvo associou-se ao melhor prognóstico.

Theory of spectral radiance of pollutants at sea

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1978-01-01

Remote measurement of soluble pollutants that change the color of the water in the sea is reported. The sensor is a spectral radiometer that flies over the polluted area and compares its spectral radiance to that of surrounding clean seawater. A quantitative analysis of the concentration of pollutants using the measured radiance of the sea compared to laboratory measurements of reflection and transmission spectra of the pollutants is presented. The quantities involved are defined and means for measuring them are described. The equations for remote sensing with a low-flying aircraft, in which case the absorption and radiance of intervening air is negligible are derived. High-flying aircraft and satellites, in which case the radiance of intervening air is the major problem are applied.

"A kid way": strategies for including classmates with learning or intellectual disabilities.

PubMed

Nowicki, Elizabeth A; Brown, Jason D

2013-08-01

Thirty-six children between 9 and 12 years of age were invited to share their ideas on how to socially include classmates with learning or intellectual disabilities at school. Participants generated 80 strategies which were categorized into seven major themes. Thematic categories focused on the need for teachers to intervene in academic and social situations, child-to-child instructional strategies, being supportive, focusing on similarities between children with and without disabilities, modelling appropriate behaviors and intervening in negative interactions, structured inclusive activities, and noninclusive activities. Participants were aware of the challenges experienced by classmates with disabilities, and recognized the need to work with classmates and teachers towards the social inclusion of children with intellectual and learning disabilities. Educational implications are addressed.

The Case for Intervention Bias in the Practice of Medicine

PubMed Central

Foy, Andrew J.; Filippone, Edward J.

2013-01-01

Bias is an inclination to present or hold a partial perspective at the expense of possibly equal or more valid alternatives. In this paper, we present a series of conditional arguments to prove that intervention bias exists in the practice of medicine. We then explore its potential causes, consequences, and criticisms. We use the term to describe the bias on the part of physicians and the medical community to intervene, whether it is with drugs, diagnostic tests, non-invasive procedures, or surgeries, when not intervening would be a reasonable alternative. The recognition of intervention bias in medicine is critically important given today’s emphasis on providing high-value care and reducing unnecessary and potentially harmful interventions. PMID:23766747

10 CFR 473.10 - Required information from applicant.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... production potential by presenting information showing a significant intervening technological advance, promising conceptual innovation, or other special consideration; (d) Provide— (1) An assurance that the...

10 CFR 473.10 - Required information from applicant.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... production potential by presenting information showing a significant intervening technological advance, promising conceptual innovation, or other special consideration; (d) Provide— (1) An assurance that the...

Evaluation and management of bradycardia in neonates and children.

PubMed

Baruteau, Alban-Elouen; Perry, James C; Sanatani, Shubhayan; Horie, Minoru; Dubin, Anne M

2016-02-01

Heart rate is commonly used in pediatric early warning scores. Age-related changes in the anatomy and physiology of infants and children produce normal ranges for electrocardiogram features that differ from adults and vary with age. Bradycardia is defined as a heart rate below the lowest normal value for age. Pediatric bradycardia most commonly manifests as sinus bradycardia, junctional bradycardia, or atrioventricular block. As a result of several different etiologies, it may occur in an entirely structurally normal heart or in association with concomitant congenital heart disease. Genetic variants in multiple genes have been described to date in the pathogenesis of inherited sinus node dysfunction or progressive cardiac conduction disorders. Management and eventual prognosis of bradycardia in the young are entirely dependent upon the underlying cause. Reasons to intervene for bradycardia are the association of related symptoms and/or the downstream risk of heart failure or pause-dependent tachyarrhythmia. The simplest aspect of severe bradycardia management is reflected in the Pediatric and Advanced Life Support (PALS) guidelines. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are critical in many cases in order to prevent sudden death, and this review critically assesses our current practice for evaluation and management of bradycardia in neonates and children. Bradycardia is defined as a heart rate below the lowest normal value for age. Age related changes in the anatomy and physiology of infants and children produce normal ranges for electrocardiogram features that differ from adults and vary with age. Pediatric bradycardia most commonly manifests as sinus bradycardia, junctional bradycardia, or atrioventricular block. Management and eventual prognosis of bradycardia in the young are entirely dependent upon the underlying cause. Bradycardia may occur in a structurally normal heart or in association with congenital heart disease. Genetic variants in multiple genes have been described. Reasons to intervene for bradycardia are the association of related symptoms and/or the downstream risk of heart failure or pause-dependent tachyarrhythmia. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are critical in order to prevent sudden death.

POSTOPERATIVE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL THERAPY RELATED TO FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY AND RESPIRATORY MUSCLE STRENGTH IN PATIENTS SUBMITTED TO BARIATRIC SURGERY.

PubMed

Oliveira, Josélia Jucirema Jarschel de; Freitas, Alexandre Coutinho Teixeira de; Almeida, Andréa Adriana de

Respiratory physiotherapy plays an important role preventing complications in bariatric surgery. To assess the effects of out-patient physiotherapy during post-operative period through respiratory pressures and functional capacity in individuals submitted to bariatric surgery. A prospective longitudinal and controlled study was done in adults with body mass index (BMI) equal or greater than 40 kg/m², who have been submitted to bariatric surgery. They were divided into two groups: intervention-group, who performed out-patient physiotherapy twice a week, from thirty to sixty days after surgery; and the control-group, who only followed home instructions. Both groups were evaluated before surgery and sixty days after surgery through manovacuometry, six-minute walk test and the Borg Scale of perceived exertion. Twenty participants were included the intervention-group and twenty-three in the control-group. Both groups had significant and similar weight loss after surgery. The manovacuometry presented no differences comparing pre- and post-surgery and in the comparison between the groups. The result of the six-minute walk test for the intervention-group increased by 10.1% in the post-operative period in relation to pre-. The Borg scale of perceived exertion in the intervention-group in pre-surgery decreased by 13.5% in the post-surgery compared to pre-surgery. In the control-group there was no difference comparing pre- and post-operative values, as in the comparison with the intervention-group. The low-intensity exercise program, carried out between the 30th and the 60th day after bariatric surgery provided better functional capacity; did not change respiratory muscle strength; and improved the perceived exertion rate. A fisioterapia respiratória tem papel importante na prevenção das complicações da cirurgia bariátrica. Avaliar os efeitos da fisioterapia ambulatorial no pós-operatório através das pressões respiratórias e da capacidade funcional dos indivíduos submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica. Estudo prospectivo, longitudinal, randomizado e controlado, em adultos com IMC≥40 kg/m², que se submeteram a cirurgia bariátrica, Foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo intervenção, que realizou fisioterapia ambulatorialmente, duas vezes por semana, do trigésimo ao sexagésimo dia de pós-operatório; e grupo controle, que seguiu orientações domiciliares. Ambos os grupos foram avaliados no pré-operatório e após 60 dias da operação através das pressões respiratórias com a manovacuometria, do teste da caminhada de 6 min e do índice de percepção de esforços pela escala de Borg. Foram incluídos 20 participantes no grupo intervenção e 23 no grupo controle, ambos com perda de peso significativa e similar no pós-operatório. A manovacuometria não demonstrou diferenças nas pressões respiratórias na comparação entre o pré-operatório e o pós-operatório e na comparação entre os grupos. O resultado do teste da caminhada de 6 min para o grupo intervenção aumentou em 10,1% no pós-operatório em relação ao pré-operatório. A percepção de esforço pela escala de Borg no grupo intervenção reduziu em 13,5% no pós-operatório comparado ao pré. No grupo controle não foi observada diferença entre o pré e o pós-operatório bem como na comparação com o grupo intervenção. O programa de exercícios de baixa intensidade realizado entre o 30º e o 60º dia de pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica promoveu melhor capacidade funcional; não modificou a força muscular respiratória; e melhorou o índice de percepção de esforço.

10 CFR 473.30 - Standards and criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... efforts previously abandoned by private researchers unless there has been an intervening technological advance, promising conceptual innovation, or justified by other special consideration; (c) Would not be...

10 CFR 473.30 - Standards and criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... efforts previously abandoned by private researchers unless there has been an intervening technological advance, promising conceptual innovation, or justified by other special consideration; (c) Would not be...

7 CFR 1775.5 - Limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

..., wastewater, and solid waste disposal facilities. (e) Construct or furnish a building. (f) Intervene in the... industries and economies. It establishes rural forestry and economic diversification action teams that...

7 CFR 1775.5 - Limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

..., wastewater, and solid waste disposal facilities. (e) Construct or furnish a building. (f) Intervene in the... industries and economies. It establishes rural forestry and economic diversification action teams that...

7 CFR 1775.5 - Limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., wastewater, and solid waste disposal facilities. (e) Construct or furnish a building. (f) Intervene in the... industries and economies. It establishes rural forestry and economic diversification action teams that...

7 CFR 1775.5 - Limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

..., wastewater, and solid waste disposal facilities. (e) Construct or furnish a building. (f) Intervene in the... industries and economies. It establishes rural forestry and economic diversification action teams that...

7 CFR 1775.5 - Limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., wastewater, and solid waste disposal facilities. (e) Construct or furnish a building. (f) Intervene in the... industries and economies. It establishes rural forestry and economic diversification action teams that...

Light driven mesoscale assembly of a coordination polymeric gelator into flowers and stars with distinct properties† †Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Text, figures, and tables depicting different synthetic procedures, detailed experimental procedures, characterisation data including FT-IR, microscopic analyses, TGA, EDAX and SAED analyses, pore size distribution. See DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02233a Click here for additional data file.

PubMed Central

Mukhopadhyay, Rahul Dev; Praveen, Vakayil K.; Hazra, Arpan; Maji, Tapas Kumar

2015-01-01

Control over the self-assembly process of porous organic–inorganic hybrids often leads to unprecedented polymorphism and properties. Herein we demonstrate how light can be a powerful tool to intervene in the kinetically controlled mesoscale self-assembly of a coordination polymeric gelator. Ultraviolet light induced coordination modulation via photoisomerisation of an azobenzene based dicarboxylate linker followed by aggregation mediated crystal growth resulted in two distinct morphological forms (flowers and stars), which show subtle differences in their physical properties. PMID:28757961

[Administration of the "Healthy School" project].

PubMed

Bjegović, V; Zivković, M; Marinković, J; Vuković, D; Legetić, B

1996-01-01

The term of project management is commonly used to describe the work of a team that is handling a special program. In this type of management, a form of leadership which creates environment, enables fast movement of participants through different work phases achieving the common aims, is used [1-4]. The "Healthy School" Project, launched in almost all European countries, has been taking place in Yugoslavia since the end of 1991 [5]. The project developed within the country designed as a health promotion-education intervention study in primary schools. The network of 13 schools on 11 locations representing typical economic, cultural and social environments, was established to cover the country. Although the proposed methodological approach from WHO was followed [6], the specific situation in the country (economic crisis, break down of Yugoslav Federation, the war and international blockade) distated the particular modification. The management of the Healthy School Project in general, and in Yugoslavia particularly, is based upon project management structure (Scheme 1). The objective of this research was to assess the Healthy School project management in Yugoslavia, by measuring causal, intervening and output variables. In the process of assessing the management in general, three groups of criteria are commonly used: (a) causal (those that influence the course of developments in the Project), (b) intervening (representing the current condition of the internal state of the Project), and (c) output (that reflect the Project achievements). (a) For the purpose of this study the causal criteria were measured by analyzing the overall management strategy and the level of agreement in objectives of the Project itself, the Project Coordinators and main participants in the Project. (b) The intervening criteria used in this assessment were: the time spent on different project activities, the estimate of the severity of the problems in different aspects of project management, the level of personal influence on different aspects of Project development and overall work motivation and satisfaction of all participants. (c) The outcomes of the given management attempts were analyzed by the following output variables: the number of different types of meetings held, the number of seminars, mass media presentation and articles, the amount of money raised and the number of questionnaires administered. Triangular method was used to gather the data: (1) direct observation, (2) four types of questionnaires and (3) project reports and documentation. Four types of specially designed questionnaires were used to examine four groups of participants (Project Coordinators, School Project Managers, Directors and Project Co-operators). The questionnaires were different in the questions concerning examinees' project tasks and types of external communication, while the questions referring to personal characteristics, general features of the project (goals, common jobs, participation in decision making, motivation and satisfaction) were the same for all groups. The average age of the project participants was 45.50 ranging from 25 to 60 years of age. The oldest group was the group of School Directors, while the youngest were School Co-operators. The project has been run mostly by women, while men were predominantly represented in the group of School Directors. The teaching occupation is presented by 61.8%, the rest being health professionals, mostly of preventive orientation. The analysis and classification of participants goals verify that the personal goals of all participants correspond with the main Project goals. Certain groups have also some additional motives which support their successful and affective movement towards the overall Project goals. The largest problem in all groups appear to be in the field of financing the Project activities (Figure 1). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)

[Effects of an educational and participatory community intervention on malaria control in Buenaventura, Colombia].

PubMed

Alvarado, Beatriz Eugenia; Alzate, Alberto; Mateus, Julio Cesar; Carvajal, Rocío

2006-09-01

A four-component, non randomized, primary-care based intervention for malaria control was implemented in Buenaventura, Colombia. To evaluate the effect of the applied intervention on knowledge about malaria, attention of febrile events and frequency of malaria occurrence in three communities of Buenaventura. A post-intervention evaluation with a non-equivalent control group was performed. Two non-intervened groups (those residing more and less than six months, respectively, in the area) and one intervened group were identified. We interviewed 661 women household heads. Contact was defined as having been exposed to at least one of the four intervention components. Fourteen percent of the respondents had contact with the intervention. The attention of a febrile episode was better in those who had contact with the intervention than in the nonintervened ones who had resided in the area for more than six months. Those without contact and with less than six months stay in the area reported lower use of bed-nets (OR:0.46; 95% CI:0.23-0.93) and less fumigation practices (OR:0.38; 95% CI:0.19-0.75). The analysis of the malaria case trend showed a reduction in the proportion of cases contributed by the intervened communities, from 25% to 17%, six years after the intervention. An educational strategy is effective to enhance knowledge and modify the practices of the urban population of Buenaventura with respect to malaria.

Detection of Ne VIII in an Intervening Multiphase Absorption System Toward 3C 263

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Narayanan, Anand; Wakker, Bart P.; Savage, Blair D.

2009-09-01

We report the detection of Ne VIII in an intervening multiphase absorption line system at z = 0.32566 in the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer spectrum of the quasar 3C 263 (zem = 0.646). The Ne VIII λ770 Å detection has a 3.9σ significance. At the same velocity, we also find absorption lines from C IV, O III, O IV, and N IV. The line parameter measurements yield log [N(Ne VIII) cm-2] = 13.98+0.10 -0.13 and b = 49.8 ± 5.5 km s-1. We find that the ionization mechanism in the gas phase giving rise to the Ne VIII absorption is inconsistent with photoionization. The absorber has a multiphase structure, with the intermediate ions produced in cool photoionized gas and the Ne VIII most likely in a warm collisionally ionized medium in the temperature range (0.5-1.0) × 106 K. This is the second ever detection of an intervening Ne VIII absorption system. Its properties resemble the previous Ne VIII absorber reported by Savage and colleagues. Direct observations of H I and O VI are needed to better constrain the physical conditions in the collisionally ionized gas phase of this absorber. Based on observations with the NASA-CNES-CSA Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer operated by Johns Hopkins University, supported by NASA contract NAS5-32985.

Exploring the Potential Campus-Level Impact of Online Universal Sexual Assault Prevention Education.

PubMed

Zapp, Daniel; Buelow, Robert; Soutiea, Lauren; Berkowitz, Alan; DeJong, William

2018-03-01

Campus sexual assault is a long-standing challenge and continues to be a severe problem for American higher education. The present study examines the short-term impact of a widely utilized sexual violence prevention course for matriculating college students as a population-level prevention approach. The course focuses on correcting misperceptions of normative behavior, increasing students' likelihood to intervene in disconcerting situations, and encouraging empathy and support for victims. Participants were 167,424 first-year college students from 80 four-year institutions who completed preintervention and postintervention surveys to assess changes in composite factor scores derived from 20 attitudinal, self-efficacy, and behavioral intention items. Employing the composite factor scores as dependent variables, individual ANOVAs were run for each of the institutions to test whether there were significant increases in mean factor scores. High percentages of institutions saw statistically significant increases ( p < .05) in self-reported ability and intention to intervene to prevent sexual assault and relationship violence (98%), empathy and support for victims (84%), and corrected perceptions of social norms (75%). Fewer schools saw significant reductions in endorsement of sexual assault myths (34%). These findings suggest that when implemented as a population-level intervention for all first-year college students, the prevention course can foster accurate perceptions of positive social norms, increase empathy and support for victims, and increase students' stated ability and intention to intervene.

Optimizing the patient for surgical treatment of the wound.

PubMed

Myers, Wesley T; Leong, Mimi; Phillips, Linda G

2007-10-01

Plastic surgeons are consulted often to close wounds that fail or are difficult to heal. Optimizing the patient's medical condition before surgical closure of a wound can mean the difference between a successful outcome and an undesirable one. It is imperative that plastic surgeons have an extensive knowledge of the modifiable risk factors affecting the wound-healing process and their subsequent complications. This knowledge allows the surgeon to tailor the treatment options and intervene when appropriate to optimize outcomes for successful surgical closure of a wound. Whether the impairments to wound healing and closure are local or systemic, they must be addressed appropriately.

Evidence supporting laparoscopic hernia repair in children.

PubMed

Jessula, Samuel; Davies, Dafydd A

2018-06-01

Pediatric inguinal hernias are a commonly performed surgical procedure. Currently, they can be approached via open or laparoscopic surgery. We summarize the current evidence for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repairs in children. Laparoscopic and open inguinal hernia repair in children are associated with similar operative times for unilateral hernia, as well as similar cosmesis, complication rates and recurrence rates. Bilateral hernia repair has been shown to be faster through a laparoscopic approach. The laparoscopic approach is associated with decreased pain scores and earlier recovery, although only in the initial postoperative period. Laparoscopy allows for easy evaluation of the patency of contralateral processus vaginalis, although the clinical significance of and need for repair of an identified defect is unclear. Laparoscopic surgery for pediatric inguinal hernias offers some advantages over open repair with most outcomes being equal. It should be considered a safe alternative to open repair to children and their caregivers.

DISCOURS QUI RÉSISTENT À L’OBJECTIVATION : QUE PEUT-ON EN TIRER POUR L’ÉVALUATION?

PubMed Central

Brousselle, Astrid

2013-01-01

Résumé L’évaluateur doit porter attention aux distorsions qu’il contribue à créer lorsqu’il utilise l’entrevue comme méthode de collecte de données. L’évaluation est un exercice politique qui, placé dans un contexte politique, peut favoriser l’émergence de discours de résistance à l’objectivation. À partir des entrevues que nous avons effectuées lors de l’évaluation du processus d’implantation de l’initiative ONUSIDA d’accès aux médicaments au Chili, nous illustrons différentes tactiques que les acteurs utilisent et qui peuvent soit attirer la sympathie de l’évaluateur, soit faire obstacle à son besoin d’information. Nous présentons une méthode d’analyse que l’évaluateur peut utiliser pour redonner du sens aux discours de résistance. PMID:23997421

Comportement instationnaire des thermoéléments à effet Peltier multi-étages

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Monchoux, F.; Zély, D.; Cordier, A.

1995-01-01

The analysis of thermoelectric phenomena is possible based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Integration of the thermal balance equation leads to an analytical solution for the non-stationnary behaviour. The influence to Thomson effect is commmented. The model, introduced in the complete software TRNSYS, permits the modelling of complex systems including such elements in their thermal regulation. La thermodynamique des processus irréversibles permet l'analyse des phénomènes thermoélectriques. Par intégration de l'équation de bilan thermique, on a obtenu une solution analytique pour le régime non stationnaire donnant la température en tous points et le flux absorbé. On a analysé l'influence de l'effet Thomson. Le modèle a été inclu dans le code plus général TRNSYS qui permet la modélisation de systèmes complexes.

Diffusion and plasticity at high temperature

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Philibert, J.

1991-06-01

High temperature plastic deformation requires atomic migration whatever the mechanism of deformation. The constitutive equations contain a diffusion coefficient and the deformation rate follows an Arrhenius law. This paper will only discuss the case of viscous creep in order to elucidate the nature of the diffusion processes and the expression of the diffusion coefficient involved in alloys or compounds. La déformation plastique à haute température met en jeu des migrations atomiques, quel que soit le mécanisme de déformation. Les lois de comportement contiennent donc un coefficient de diffusion et la vitesse de déformation obéit à une loi d'Arrhenius. Dans cet article, qui ne conceme qu'un seul type de déformation, lefluage visqueux, on s'efforce de préciser la nature des processus de diffusion et du coefficient de diffusion mis en jeu dans le cas des alliages et des composés.

Luttes enseignantes, luttes etudiantes et processus de democratie en afrique noire

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

N'da, Paul

1993-11-01

This article seeks to demonstrate the part played by African teachers and students — the spearhead of social movements and political demands — in the process of democratization in Africa since late 1989 and early 1990. The first part presents the historical context of the authoritarian concept of development, of its implementation, its hereditary practices, its failure, and all those aspects which led to the creation of social and political conflict. The second part shows how the teachers and their students, besides making corporate demands, have attacked the established order and the type of political power which has resulted in the removal of freedoms and the enduring crisis. They have turned for a solution to democracy and to the legal constitution of the State. Their struggles are part of the broader struggle of other social actors and political parties which has brought about the collapse of authoritarianism and the move towards pluralist democracy.

Le consentement libre et éclairé aux soins en psychiatrie

PubMed Central

Neilson, Grainne; Chaimowitz, Gary

2015-01-01

Résumé Le patient a le droit d’être informé sur les soins de santé qui lui sont proposés et de participer activement à la prise de décisions relativement à ces soins. Le respect de la dignité et de l’autonomie de la personne passe par le respect de son droit de prendre des décisions à propos de ses soins psychiatriques, notamment de refuser un traitement, pour autant qu’elle soit apte à prendre des décisions. Il importe que le psychiatre connaisse les fondements éthiques du consentement libre et éclairé et les exigences prévues par le droit en cette matière, y compris la jurisprudence. Le consentement n’est pas immuable, pouvant changer avec le temps, au fil de l’évolution des conditions et des circonstances. Par conséquent, le consentement doit être un processus continu.

Comparing Black and White Drug Offenders: Implications for Racial Disparities in Criminal Justice and Reentry Policy and Programming.

PubMed

Rosenberg, Alana; Groves, Allison K; Blankenship, Kim M

2017-01-01

Despite knowledge of racial bias for drug-related criminal justice involvement and its collateral consequences, we know less about differences between Black and White drug offenders. We compare 243 Blacks and White non-violent drug offenders in New Haven, CT for demographic characteristics, substance use, and re-entry services accessed. Blacks were significantly more likely to have sales and possession charges, significantly more likely to prefer marijuana, a less addictive drug, and significantly less likely to report having severe drug problems. For both races, drug treatment was the most common service accessed through supervision. These comparisons suggest different reasons for committing drug-related crimes and thus, different reentry programming needs. While drug treatment is critical for all who need it, for racial justice, we must also intervene to address other needs of offenders, such as poverty alleviation and employment opportunities.

The Islamic prayer (Salah/Namaaz) and yoga togetherness in mental health.

PubMed

Sayeed, Shabbir Ahmed; Prakash, Anand

2013-01-01

Religion and its practices have been duly implicated in treating not only problems related to medical health, rather, intervening and preventing such problems as well. In the present article, the authors have reviewed significance of the Islamic prayers (Salah/Namaaz) in healthcare in general and mental health in particular. The nature, procedures, practices and the benefits of Salah have been comprehensively described and discussed. In addition, an attempt to combine yoga and its practices with Salah has been made for intervening and preventing the problems of mental health as an expeditious tool. In upshot, the clinicians in the field of mental health care have been suggested to incorporate these two viewpoints in their intervention program, at least, for the Muslim patients for a more desirable outcome.

The Islamic prayer (Salah/Namaaz) and yoga togetherness in mental health

PubMed Central

Sayeed, Shabbir Ahmed; Prakash, Anand

2013-01-01

Religion and its practices have been duly implicated in treating not only problems related to medical health, rather, intervening and preventing such problems as well. In the present article, the authors have reviewed significance of the Islamic prayers (Salah/Namaaz) in healthcare in general and mental health in particular. The nature, procedures, practices and the benefits of Salah have been comprehensively described and discussed. In addition, an attempt to combine yoga and its practices with Salah has been made for intervening and preventing the problems of mental health as an expeditious tool. In upshot, the clinicians in the field of mental health care have been suggested to incorporate these two viewpoints in their intervention program, at least, for the Muslim patients for a more desirable outcome. PMID:23858258

Emotional Intelligence and its Effect on Pharmacists and Pharmacy Students with Autistic-like Traits

PubMed Central

Higuchi, Yuji; Koyama, Toshihiro; Kitamura, Yoshihisa; Sendo, Toshiaki; Fujimori, Maiko; Kataoka, Hitomi; Hayashibara, Chinatsu; Uchitomi, Yosuke; Yamada, Norihito

2017-01-01

Objective. To measure whether Emotional intelligence (EI) would minimize the negative association between autistic-like traits (ALT) and empathic behavior and enhance the positive association between ALT and psychological distress. Methods. Our sample population included 823 hospital pharmacists belonging to a district society, and 378 pharmacy students. Analyses were performed to examine relationships between scores on the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EQS), Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ), Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE), and General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ). Results. Complete answers were obtained from 373 pharmacists, and 341 students. EQS partially intervened the associations between AQ and JSE and between AQ and GHQ. Conclusion. EI partially intervened the relationships between ALT and empathy, and between ALT and mental health, both of which are necessary for optimal pharmaceutical practice. PMID:28630515

What types of learning are enhanced by a cued recall test?

PubMed

Carpenter, Shana K; Pashler, Harold; Vul, Edward

2006-10-01

In two experiments, we investigated what types of learning benefit from a cued recall test. After initial exposure to a word pair (A+B), subjects experienced either an intervening cued recall test (A-->?) with feedback, or a restudy presentation (A-->B). The final test could be cued recall in the same (A-->?) or opposite (?-->B) direction, or free recall of just the cues (Recall As) or just the targets (Recall Bs). All final tests revealed a benefit for testing as opposed to restudying. Tests produced a direct benefit for information that was retrieved on the intervening test (B). This benefit also "spilled over" to facilitate recall of information that was present on the test but not retrieved (A). Both theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Emotional Intelligence and its Effect on Pharmacists and Pharmacy Students with Autistic-like Traits.

PubMed

Higuchi, Yuji; Inagaki, Masatoshi; Koyama, Toshihiro; Kitamura, Yoshihisa; Sendo, Toshiaki; Fujimori, Maiko; Kataoka, Hitomi; Hayashibara, Chinatsu; Uchitomi, Yosuke; Yamada, Norihito

2017-05-01

Objective. To measure whether Emotional intelligence (EI) would minimize the negative association between autistic-like traits (ALT) and empathic behavior and enhance the positive association between ALT and psychological distress. Methods. Our sample population included 823 hospital pharmacists belonging to a district society, and 378 pharmacy students. Analyses were performed to examine relationships between scores on the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EQS), Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ), Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE), and General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ). Results. Complete answers were obtained from 373 pharmacists, and 341 students. EQS partially intervened the associations between AQ and JSE and between AQ and GHQ. Conclusion. EI partially intervened the relationships between ALT and empathy, and between ALT and mental health, both of which are necessary for optimal pharmaceutical practice.

[A serious challenge for youth protection services: intervening with parents suffering from borderline personality disorder (BPD)].

PubMed

Laporte, Lise

2007-01-01

An exploratory survey of 68 youth protection services' workers in Montréal, who followed 1,030 children reveals that 39 % of these children have at least one parent who suffer from mental health problems. Among these parents, 48 % of mothers and 30 % of fathers have a personality disorder, and for the majority, a borderline personality disorder. This mental health problem is preoccupying for youth protection workers because of its high prevalence, its impact on children and case workers and the difficulties brought forth by having to intervene in a context of authority and within an organization not adapted to the management of this mental health problem. Some intervention's guidelines to work with these parents are presented as well as some challenges and future perspectives.

34 CFR 300.226 - Early intervening services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., instruction on the use of adaptive and instructional software; and (2) Providing educational and behavioral... Management and Budget under control number 1820-0600) (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1413(f)) ...

34 CFR 300.226 - Early intervening services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., instruction on the use of adaptive and instructional software; and (2) Providing educational and behavioral... Management and Budget under control number 1820-0600) (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1413(f)) ...

34 CFR 300.226 - Early intervening services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., instruction on the use of adaptive and instructional software; and (2) Providing educational and behavioral... Management and Budget under control number 1820-0600) (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1413(f)) ...

The connection between animal abuse and interpersonal violence: A review from the veterinary perspective.

PubMed

Monsalve, Stefany; Ferreira, Fernando; Garcia, Rita

2017-10-01

Several studies have reported a connection between animal abuse and interpersonal violence. The importance of veterinarians in recognizing and intervening in the cycle of violence has been debated in different articles. This review outlines the findings about this connection around the world and describes the role veterinarians play in this field. We looked up electronic databases and analyzed articles published between 1960 and 2016. Publications were classified into three categories: area of publication, topic of the study and continent where the study had been conducted. Out of the 96 articles included, 76 (79.2%) were from North America. None were from South America or Africa. Ninety-four articles (97.9%) found some association between animal abuse and violence against people. The rates of co-occurrence between domestic violence and animal abuse reported varied between 25% and 86%. Furthermore, children who were abused, exposed to domestic violence, or animal abuse were at risk of developing criminal behavior. Veterinarians play an important role in public health and animal welfare. Yet, only seven articles (7.3%) were published in the field of veterinary medicine. Studies report that between 42.8% and 86% of veterinarians know about the "Link". However, most veterinarians not being trained to intervene in cases of animal abuse and human violence. This emphasizes the importance of educating veterinarians about this topic and their participation in this area. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Isolated autosomal dominant growth hormone deficiency: an evolving pituitary deficit? A multicenter follow-up study.

PubMed

Mullis, Primus E; Robinson, Iain C A F; Salemi, Souzan; Eblé, Andrée; Besson, Amélie; Vuissoz, Jean-Marc; Deladoey, Johnny; Simon, Dominique; Czernichow, Paul; Binder, Gerhard

2005-04-01

Four distinct familial types of isolated GH deficiency have been described so far, of which type II is the autosomal dominant inherited form. It is mainly caused by mutations within the first 6 bp of intervening sequence 3. However, other splice site and missense mutations have been reported. Based on in vitro experiments and transgenic animal data, there is strong evidence that there is a wide variability in phenotype in terms of the severity of GH deficiency. Therefore, we studied a total of 57 subjects belonging to 19 families suffering from different splice site as well as missense mutations within the GH-1 gene. The subjects presenting with a splice site mutation within the first 2 bp of intervening sequence 3 (5'IVS +1/+2 bp) leading to a skipping of exon 3 were found to be more likely to present in the follow-up with other pituitary hormone deficiencies. In addition, although the patients with missense mutations have previously been reported to be less affected, a number of patients presenting with the P89L missense GH form, showed some pituitary hormone impairment. The development of multiple hormonal deficiencies is not age dependent, and there is a clear variability in onset, severity, and progression, even within the same families. The message of clinical importance from these studies is that the pituitary endocrine status of all such patients should continue to be monitored closely over the years because further hormonal deficiencies may evolve with time.

Rapid formation of spatiotopic representations as revealed by inhibition of return.

PubMed

Pertzov, Yoni; Zohary, Ehud; Avidan, Galia

2010-06-30

Inhibition of return (IOR), a performance decrement for stimuli appearing at recently cued locations, occurs when the target and cue share the same screen position. This is in contrast to cue-based attention facilitation effects that were recently suggested to be mapped in a retinotopic reference frame, the prevailing representation throughout early visual processing stages. Here, we investigate the dynamics of IOR in both reference frames, using a modified cued-location saccadic reaction time task with an intervening saccade between cue and target presentation. Thus, on different trials, the target was present either at the same retinotopic location as the cue, or at the same screen position (e.g., spatiotopic location). IOR was primarily found for targets appearing at the same spatiotopic position as the initial cue, when the cue and target were presented at the same hemifield. This suggests that there is restricted information transfer of cue position across the two hemispheres. Moreover, the effect was maximal when the target was presented 10 ms after the intervening saccade ended and was attenuated in longer delays. In our case, therefore, the representation of previously attended locations (as revealed by IOR) is not remapped slowly after the execution of a saccade. Rather, either a retinotopic representation is remapped rapidly, adjacent to the end of the saccade (using a prospective motor command), or the positions of the cue and target are encoded in a spatiotopic reference frame, regardless of eye position. Spatial attention can therefore be allocated to target positions defined in extraretinal coordinates.

Media violence.

PubMed

Cantor, J

2000-08-01

Research on the effects of media violence is not well understood by the general public. Despite this fact, there is an overwhelming consensus in the scientific literature about the unhealthy effects of media violence. Meta-analyses show that media-violence viewing consistently is associated with higher levels of antisocial behavior, ranging from the trivial (imitative violence directed against toys) to the serious (criminal violence), with many consequential outcomes in between (acceptance of violence as a solution to problems, increased feelings of hostility, and the apparent delivery of painful stimulation to another person). Desensitization is another well-documented effect of viewing violence, which is observable in reduced arousal and emotional disturbance while witnessing violence, the reduced tendency to intervene in a fight, and less sympathy for the victims of violence. Although there is evidence that youth who are already violent are more likely to seek out violent entertainment, there is strong evidence that the relationship between violence viewing and antisocial behavior is bidirectional. There is growing evidence that media violence also engenders intense fear in children which often lasts days, months, and even years. The media's potential role in solutions to these problems is only beginning to be explored, in investigations examining the uses and effects of movie ratings, television ratings, and the V-chip, and the effects of media literacy programs and public education efforts. Future research should explore important individual differences in responses to media violence and effective ways to intervene in the negative effects.

Evaluating participatory decision processes: which methods inform reflective practice?

PubMed

Kaufman, Sanda; Ozawa, Connie P; Shmueli, Deborah F

2014-02-01

Evaluating participatory decision processes serves two key purposes: validating the usefulness of specific interventions for stakeholders, interveners and funders of conflict management processes, and improving practice. However, evaluation design remains challenging, partly because when attempting to serve both purposes we may end up serving neither well. In fact, the better we respond to one, the less we may satisfy the other. Evaluations tend to focus on endogenous factors (e.g., stakeholder selection, BATNAs, mutually beneficial tradeoffs, quality of the intervention, etc.), because we believe that the success of participatory decision processes hinges on them, and they also seem to lend themselves to caeteris paribus statistical comparisons across cases. We argue that context matters too and that contextual differences among specific cases are meaningful enough to undermine conclusions derived solely from comparisons of process-endogenous factors implicitly rooted in the caeteris paribus assumption. We illustrate this argument with an environmental mediation case. We compare data collected about it through surveys geared toward comparability across cases to information elicited through in-depth interviews geared toward case specifics. The surveys, designed by the U.S. Institute of Environmental Conflict Resolution, feed a database of environmental conflicts that can help make the (statistical) case for intervention in environmental conflict management. Our interviews elicit case details - including context - that enable interveners to link context specifics and intervention actions to outcomes. We argue that neither approach can "serve both masters." Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

77 FR 62505 - Combined Notice of Filings #2

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-15

...-2654-000. Applicants: World Digital Innovations. Description: World Digital Innovations submits tariff...Library system by clicking on the links or querying the docket number. Any person desiring to intervene or...

Overview on Deaf-Blindness

MedlinePlus

... Inclusion IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act) Assistive Technology History of Deaf-Blind Education Transition to Adulthood > Transition Self Determination Person Centered Planning Postsecondary Education Independent Living ... > Intervener Services Support Service Provider Personnel Development & ...

2D and 3D assessment of sustentaculum tali screw fixation with or without Screw Targeting Clamp.

PubMed

De Boer, A Siebe; Van Lieshout, Esther M M; Vellekoop, Leonie; Knops, Simon P; Kleinrensink, Gert-Jan; Verhofstad, Michael H J

2017-12-01

Precise placement of sustentaculum tali screw(s) is essential for restoring anatomy and biomechanical stability of the calcaneus. This can be challenging due to the small target area and presence of neurovascular structures on the medial side. The aim was to evaluate the precision of positioning of the subchondral posterior facet screw and processus anterior calcanei screw with or without a Screw Targeting Clamp. The secondary aim was to evaluate the added value of peroperative 3D imaging over 2D radiographs alone. Twenty Anubifix™ embalmed, human anatomic lower limb specimens were used. A subchondral posterior facet screw and a processus anterior calcanei screw were placed using an extended lateral approach. A senior orthopedic trauma surgeon experienced in calcaneal fracture surgery and a senior resident with limited experience in calcaneal surgery performed screw fixation in five specimens with and in five specimens without the clamp. 2D lateral and axial radiographs and a 3D recording were obtained postoperatively. Anatomical dissection was performed postoperatively as a diagnostic golden standard in order to obtain the factual screw positions. Blinded assessment of quality of fixation was performed by two surgeons. In 2D, eight screws were considered malpositioned when placed with the targeting device versus nine placed freehand. In 3D recordings, two additional screws were malpositioned in each group as compared to the golden standard. As opposed to the senior surgeon, the senior resident seemed to get the best results using the Screw Targeting Clamp (number of malpositioned screws using freehand was eight, and using the targeting clamp five). In nine out of 20 specimens 3D images provided additional information concerning target area and intra-articular placement. Based on the 3D assessment, five additional screws would have required repositioning. Except for one, all screw positions were rated equally after dissection when compared with 3D examinations. This study does not show a substantial benefit between the Screw Targeting Clamp and the freehand technique as well between experienced and inexperienced surgeons. Data suggest that the clamp might help positioning sustentaculum tali screws, especially for inexperienced surgeons. Perioperative 3D recordings facilitate identification of malpositioned screws. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Conception et optimisation d'une peau en composite pour une aile adaptative =

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Michaud, Francois

Les preoccupations economiques et environnementales constituent des enjeux majeurs pour le developpement de nouvelles technologies en aeronautique. C'est dans cette optique qu'est ne le projet MDO-505 intitule Morphing Architectures and Related Technologies for Wing Efficiency Improvement. L'objectif de ce projet vise a concevoir une aile adaptative active servant a ameliorer sa laminarite et ainsi reduire la consommation de carburant et les emissions de l'avion. Les travaux de recherche realises ont permis de concevoir et optimiser une peau en composite adaptative permettant d'assurer l'amelioration de la laminarite tout en conservant son integrite structurale. D'abord, une methode d'optimisation en trois etapes fut developpee avec pour objectif de minimiser la masse de la peau en composite en assurant qu'elle s'adapte par un controle actif de la surface deformable aux profils aerodynamiques desires. Le processus d'optimisation incluait egalement des contraintes de resistance, de stabilite et de rigidite de la peau en composite. Suite a l'optimisation, la peau optimisee fut simplifiee afin de faciliter la fabrication et de respecter les regles de conception de Bombardier Aeronautique. Ce processus d'optimisation a permis de concevoir une peau en composite dont les deviations ou erreurs des formes obtenues etaient grandement reduites afin de repondre au mieux aux profils aerodynamiques optimises. Les analyses aerodynamiques realisees a partir de ces formes ont predit de bonnes ameliorations de la laminarite. Par la suite, une serie de validations analytiques fut realisee afin de valider l'integrite structurale de la peau en composite suivant les methodes generalement utilisees par Bombardier Aeronautique. D'abord, une analyse comparative par elements finis a permis de valider une rigidite equivalente de l'aile adaptative a la section d'aile d'origine. Le modele par elements finis fut par la suite mis en boucle avec des feuilles de calcul afin de valider la stabilite et la resistance de la peau en composite pour les cas de chargement aerodynamique reels. En dernier lieu, une analyse de joints boulonnes fut realisee en utilisant un outil interne nomme LJ 85 BJSFM GO.v9 developpe par Bombardier Aeronautique. Ces analyses ont permis de valider numeriquement l'integrite structurale de la peau de composite pour des chargements et des admissibles de materiaux aeronautiques typiques.

A memory span of one? Object identification in 6.5-month-old infants.

PubMed

Káldy, Zsuzsa; Leslie, Alan M

2005-09-01

Infants' abilities to identify objects based on their perceptual features develop gradually during the first year and possibly beyond. Earlier we reported [Káldy, Z., & Leslie, A. M. (2003). Identification of objects in 9-month-old infants: Integrating 'what' and 'where' information. Developmental Science, 6, 360-373] that infants at 9 months of age are able to use shape information to identify two objects and follow their spatiotemporal trajectories behind occlusion. On the other hand, another recent study suggests that infants at 4-5 months of age cannot identify objects by features and bind them to locations [Mareschal, D., & Johnson, M. H. (2003). The "what" and "where" of object representations in infancy. Cognition, 88, 259-276]. In the current study, we investigated the developmental steps between these two benchmark ages by testing 6.5-month-old infants. Experiment 1 and 2 adapted the paradigm used in our previous studies with 9-month-olds that involves two objects hidden sequentially behind separate occluders. This technique allows us to address object identification and to examine whether only one or both object identities are being tracked. Results of experiment 1 showed that 6.5-month-old infants could identify at least one of two objects based on shape and experiment 2 found that this ability holds for only one, the last object hidden. We propose that at this age, infants' working memory capacity is limited to one occluded object if there is a second intervening hiding. If their attention is distracted by an intervening object during the memory maintenance period, the memory of the first object identity appears to be lost. Results of experiment 3 supported this hypothesis with a simpler one-screen setup. Finally, results of experiment 4 show that temporal decay of the memory trace (without an intervening hiding) by itself cannot explain the observed pattern of results. Taken together, our findings suggest that at six months of age infants can store but a single object representation with bound shape information, most likely in the ventral stream. The memory span of one may be due to immaturity of the neural structures underlying working memory such that intervening items overwrite the existing storage.

Promoting oral care in the preschool child: effects of a playful learning intervention.

PubMed

Sigaud, Cecília Helena de Siqueira; Santos, Bruna Rodrigues Dos; Costa, Priscila; Toriyama, Aurea Tamami Minagawa

2017-01-01

To compare the number of appropriate behaviors for tooth brushing before and after a playful learning intervention with preschool children. A quasi-experimental, quantitative, before and after study design was conducted in an early childhood educational institution, with children between three and five years of age. The intervention consisted of three meetings with educational activities about tooth brushing, whose outcome was evaluated by means of observation of ten behaviors suitable for tooth brushing. Forty-four children participated in the study. The mean of adequate behaviors was 4.4 before the intervention, and 8.5 after the intervention. A significant increase in the adoption of appropriate behaviors for tooth brushing (p <0.01) was identified. Nurses can enhance oral health promotion actions with preschoolers in preschool institution using playful learning interventions. Comparar o número de comportamentos adequados para a escovação de dentes antes e após uma intervenção educativa lúdica com pré-escolares. Estudo quase-experimental, do tipo antes-depois, com abordagem quantitativa e conduzido em instituição de educação infantil com crianças entre três e cinco anos de idade. A intervenção consistiu em três encontros com atividades educativas lúdicas sobre escovação de dentes, cujo efeito foi avaliado por meio da observação de dez comportamentos adequados para a escovação dos dentes. Participaram do estudo 44 crianças. A média de comportamentos adequados foi de 4,4 antes da intervenção e 8,5 após a mesma. Houve um aumento significativo na adoção de comportamentos adequados para a escovação de dentes (p < 0,01). Por meio de intervenções educativas lúdicas, recomenda-se que os enfermeiros potencializem as ações de promoção da saúde bucal com pré-escolares em instituições de educação infantil.

Influences of culture on sexuality.

PubMed

Hogan, R M

1982-09-01

Religion is a cultured phenomenon, a subculture within our larger cultural system. Different religions have different teachings about what constitutes sexual morality, while members within a specific religious denomination may also have different beliefs and practices. Religiosity, or acceptance of the teachings of a particular religion, is more important as a determinant of sexual behavior than a specific religion per se. Orthodox Judaism, traditional Catholicism and traditional Protestantism are alike in their condemnation of masturbation, abortion, homosexuality, and premarital and extramarital coitus. More liberal members of these religions may not tolerate these activities, but may espouse them as necessary means to maintain or attain health. Nurses assess the beliefs that clients hold in regard to sexual morality and also identify if the client is experiencing guilt about past sexual practices. Interventions are planned with the client within the framework of the client's religious and spiritual beliefs and practices. To do otherwise is to invite distrust and distress in the client. Nurses intervene with sensitivity, compassion, and respect for beliefs and values that may be different from their own.

An exploration of how clinician attitudes and beliefs influence the implementation of lifestyle risk factor management in primary healthcare: a grounded theory study

PubMed Central

Laws, Rachel A; Kemp, Lynn A; Harris, Mark F; Davies, Gawaine Powell; Williams, Anna M; Eames-Brown, Rosslyn

2009-01-01

Background Despite the effectiveness of brief lifestyle intervention delivered in primary healthcare (PHC), implementation in routine practice remains suboptimal. Beliefs and attitudes have been shown to be associated with risk factor management practices, but little is known about the process by which clinicians' perceptions shape implementation. This study aims to describe a theoretical model to understand how clinicians' perceptions shape the implementation of lifestyle risk factor management in routine practice. The implications of the model for enhancing practices will also be discussed. Methods The study analysed data collected as part of a larger feasibility project of risk factor management in three community health teams in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. This included journal notes kept through the implementation of the project, and interviews with 48 participants comprising 23 clinicians (including community nurses, allied health practitioners and an Aboriginal health worker), five managers, and two project officers. Data were analysed using grounded theory principles of open, focused, and theoretical coding and constant comparative techniques to construct a model grounded in the data. Results The model suggests that implementation reflects both clinician beliefs about whether they should (commitment) and can (capacity) address lifestyle issues. Commitment represents the priority placed on risk factor management and reflects beliefs about role responsibility congruence, client receptiveness, and the likely impact of intervening. Clinician beliefs about their capacity for risk factor management reflect their views about self-efficacy, role support, and the fit between risk factor management ways of working. The model suggests that clinicians formulate different expectations and intentions about how they will intervene based on these beliefs about commitment and capacity and their philosophical views about appropriate ways to intervene. These expectations then provide a cognitive framework guiding their risk factor management practices. Finally, clinicians' appraisal of the overall benefits versus costs of addressing lifestyle issues acts to positively or negatively reinforce their commitment to implementing these practices. Conclusion The model extends previous research by outlining a process by which clinicians' perceptions shape implementation of lifestyle risk factor management in routine practice. This provides new insights to inform the development of effective strategies to improve such practices. PMID:19825189

Contributions of groundwater conditions to soil and water salinization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Salama, Ramsis B.; Otto, Claus J.; Fitzpatrick, Robert W.

Salinization is the process whereby the concentration of dissolved salts in water and soil is increased due to natural or human-induced processes. Water is lost through one or any combination of four main mechanisms: evaporation, evapotranspiration, hydrolysis, and leakage between aquifers. Salinity increases from catchment divides to the valley floors and in the direction of groundwater flow. Salinization is explained by two main chemical models developed by the authors: weathering and deposition. These models are in agreement with the weathering and depositional geological processes that have formed soils and overburden in the catchments. Five soil-change processes in arid and semi-arid climates are associated with waterlogging and water. In all represented cases, groundwater is the main geological agent for transmitting, accumulating, and discharging salt. At a small catchment scale in South and Western Australia, water is lost through evapotranspiration and hydrolysis. Saline groundwater flows along the beds of the streams and is accumulated in paleochannels, which act as a salt repository, and finally discharges in lakes, where most of the saline groundwater is concentrated. In the hummocky terrains of the Northern Great Plains Region, Canada and USA, the localized recharge and discharge scenarios cause salinization to occur mainly in depressions, in conjunction with the formation of saline soils and seepages. On a regional scale within closed basins, this process can create playas or saline lakes. In the continental aquifers of the rift basins of Sudan, salinity increases along the groundwater flow path and forms a saline zone at the distal end. The saline zone in each rift forms a closed ridge, which coincides with the closed trough of the groundwater-level map. The saline body or bodies were formed by evaporation coupled with alkaline-earth carbonate precipitation and dissolution of capillary salts. Résumé La salinisation est le processus par lequel la concentration des sels dissous dans l'eau et les sols s'accroît sous l'effet de processus naturels ou anthropiques. L'eau est perdue par l'une ou l'autre combinaison de quatre principaux mécanismes : l'évaporation, l'évapotranspiration, l'hydrolyse et la drainance entre aquifères. La salinité augmente depuis les limites des bassins jusqu'au fond des vallées et le long des axes d'écoulement souterrain. La salinisation est expliquée au moyen de deux principaux modèles chimiques développés par les auteurs : l'altération et le dépôt. Ces modèles sont en accord avec les processus géologiques d'altération et de dépôt qui ont formé les sols et qui recouvrent les bassins versants. Cinq processus d'évolution de sols sous climats aride et semi-aride sont associés à l'eau et à des formations aquifères. Dans tous les cas présentés, l'eau souterraine est le principal agent géologique qui transporte, accumule et dépose les sels. A l'échelle de petits bassins versants dans le sud et dans l'ouest de l'Australie, l'eau est consommée par évapotranspiration et par hydrolyse. L'eau souterraine salée coule le long des berges de rivières et s'accumule dans des paléochenaux, qui fonctionnent comme des zones de stockage de sels, et finalement s'écoule dans des lacs, où la plupart des eaux salées se concentrent. Dans les formations bosselées des grandes plaines du nord du Canada et des États-Unis, des scénarios d'alimentation et de décharge localisées conduisent la salinisation à se produire surtout dans les dépressions, en association avec la formation de sols et d'infiltrations salins. A l'échelle régionale dans les bassins fermés, ce processus peut être à l'origine de playas ou de lacs salés. Dans les aquifères continentaux des bassins de rift du Soudan, la salinité augmente le long des axes d'écoulement souterrain et forme ainsi une zone saline à leur extrémité. La zone saline de chaque rift constitue une crête, qui coïncide avec le creux piézométrique. Le ou les ensembles salins se sont formés par évaporation couplée à la précipitation d'un carbonate alcalino-terreux et à la dissolution de sels par capillarité. Resumen La salinización es el proceso por el cual la concentración de sales disueltas en el agua o el suelo aumenta por causas naturales o antrópicas. El contenido de agua se reduce por uno o una combinación de los siguientes mecanismos: evaporación, evapotranspiración, hidrólisis y goteo entre acuíferos. La salinidad aumenta en la dirección del flujo subterráneo, desde los puntos de recarga hacia los de descarga. La salinización se puede explicar por dos modelos químicos que se pueden definir como erosión y deposición y que están de acuerdo con los clásicos procesos geológicos que tienen los mismos nombres. Se conocen cinco procesos de salinización de suelos ligados al agua o a la extracción de la misma en climas áridos o semiáridos. En todos los casos que se presentan el agua subterránea es el principal agente geológico de transmisión, acumulación y descarga de sales. A escala de pequeña cuenca, en Australia Occidental y del Sur, el agua se pierde mediante evapotranspiración e hidrólisis. El agua subterránea salina fluye a lo largo de los cauces de los arroyos y se acumula en los paleocanales, que actúan como depósitos, hasta que finalmente descarga en los lagos, donde se acumula la mayor parte de la salinidad. En los hummocks de la Zona Norte de los Grandes Llanos de Canadá y EEUU, la recarga localizada y el tipo de descarga provocan que la salinización tenga lugar fundamentalmente en las depresiones. A escala regional y en cuencas cerradas este mismo mecanismo provoca playas o lagos salinos. En los acuíferos continentales de los rift del Sudán, la salinidad se incrementa a lo largo de las líneas de flujo subterráneo y se concentra en el límite distal. La zona salina en cada rift forma una cresta cerrada que se manifiesta en los mapas piezométricos. El cuerpo o cuerpos salinos se formaron por evaporación, acoplada con la precipitación de carbonatos y la disolución de sales capilares.

System transfer modelling for automatic target recognizer evaluations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Clark, Lloyd G.

1991-11-01

Image processing to accomplish automatic recognition of military vehicles has promised increased weapons systems effectiveness and reduced timelines for a number of Department of Defense missions. Automatic Target Recognizers (ATR) are often claimed to be able to recognize many different ground vehicles as possible targets in military air-to- surface targeting applications. The targeting scenario conditions include different vehicle poses and histories as well as a variety of imaging geometries, intervening atmospheres, and background environments. Testing these ATR subsystems in most cases has been limited to a handful of the scenario conditions of interest, as is represented by imagery collected with the desired imaging sensor. The question naturally arises as to how robust the performance of the ATR is for all scenario conditions of interest, not just for the set of imagery upon which an algorithm was trained.

Influence of slope on subtalar pronation in submaximal running performance

PubMed Central

de Oliveira, Vinicius Machado; Detoni, Guilherme Cesca; Ferreira, Cristhian; Portela, Bruno Sergio; Queiroga, Marcos Roberto; Tartaruga, Marcus Peikriszwili

2013-01-01

OBJECTIVE : To investigate the slope influence on the maximal subtalar pronation in submaximal running speeds. METHODS : Sixteen endurance runners participated of a running economy (RE) test in a treadmill with different slopes (+1%, +5%, +10%, +15%). For each slope a 4-minute run was performed with no rest break for the purpose of measuring the magnitude of kinematic variables by means of a high frequency video camera positioned in a frontal-posterior plane of the individual. RESULTS : No significant differences were verified in maximal subtalar pronation between legs and between the slopes adopted, showing that changes of running technique due to modifications of slope aren't enough to modify the behavior of maximum subtalar pronation. CONCLUSION : The subtalar pronation is independent of slope, which may be influenced by other intervening variables. Level of Evidence II, Diagnostic Study PMID:24453662

75 FR 46919 - MidAmerican Energy Company; Notice of Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-04

... reclassify high voltage assets and accumulated depreciation, from distribution plant accounts to transmission plant accounts. Any person desiring to intervene or to protest this filing must file in accordance with...

Reproduction (II): Human Control of Reproductive Processes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jost, Alfred

1970-01-01

Describes methods of intervening in reproduction of animals and humans (artificial insemination, contraception, ovular and blastodisc transplants, pre selection of sex, cloning) and discusses the social implications of their use with humans. (AL)

Back to Activism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dean, Walter R., Jr.

1977-01-01

Despite their ability to intervene in the areas of society that produce malfunctioning individuals, social workers have retreated into privatism. In the opinion of this author, this constitutes an abandonment of the primary mission of the profession. (Author)

NIH Abroad: Pictures Are Crowd Pullers

MedlinePlus

... culture, and the Internet combine to intervene against malaria in Uganda NLM's Julia Royall and Makerere University ... the international team that developed a tutorial on malaria for Africa. Photo courtesy of Julia Royall "Pictures ...

Theory of spectral radiance of pollutants at sea, volume 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1979-01-01

Remote measurement of pollutants dumped in the sea, not oil slicks, but soluble pollutants that change the color of the water, is addressed. The sensor is a spectral radiometer that flies over the polluted area and compares its spectral radiance (color) to that of surrounding clean seawater. The goal is to infer the concentration of pollutants using the measured radiance of the sea compared to laboratory measurements of reflection and transmission spectra of the pollutants. The subject is treated in three steps: (1) the quantities involved are defined and means for measuring them are described; (2) the equations for remote sensing with a low-flying aircraft are derived, in which wase the absorption and radiance of intervening air is negligible; and (3) high-flying aircraft and satellites are applied, in which case the radiance of intervening air is the major problem.

Social and behavior change communication in the fight against malaria in Mozambique.

PubMed

Arroz, Jorge Alexandre Harrison

2017-03-23

Long-lasting insecticide-treated nets and/or indoor residual spraying, associated with case management, are key interventions in the control of malaria in Africa. The objective of this study is to comment on the role of social and behavior change communication as a potential key intervention in the control of malaria in Mozambique. RESUMO As redes mosquiteiras impregnadas com insecticidade de longa duração e/ou pulverização intra-domiciliária, associada ao manejo de casos são intervenções-chave no controlo da malária em África. O objetivo deste estudo foi comentar o papel da comunicação para a mudança social e de comportamento como intervenção potencialmente chave no controlo da malária em Moçambique.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalog of strong MgII absorbers (Lawther+, 2012)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lawther, D.; Paarup, T.; Schmidt, M.; Vestergaard, M.; Hjorth, J.; Malesani, D.

2012-08-01

Here we present a catalog of strong (rest equivalent width Wr> intervening Mg II absorbers in the SDSS Data Release 7 quasar catalog (2010AJ....139.2360S, Cat. VII/260). The intervening absorbers were found by a semi-automatic algorithm written in IDL - for details of the algorithm see section 2 of our paper. A subset of the absorbers have been visually inspected - see the MAN_OK flag in the catalog. The number of sightlines searched, tabulated by absorber redshift, i.e. g(z), is available as an ASCII table (for S/N>8 and S/N>15). All analysis in our paper is based on the SNR>8 coverage, and considers only sight-lines towards non-BAL quasars. Any questions regarding the catalog should be sent to Daniel Lawther (unclellama(at)gmail.com). (3 data files).

Long-term interference at the semantic level: Evidence from blocked-cyclic picture matching.

PubMed

Wei, Tao; Schnur, Tatiana T

2016-01-01

Processing semantically related stimuli creates interference across various domains of cognition, including language and memory. In this study, we identify the locus and mechanism of interference when retrieving meanings associated with words and pictures. Subjects matched a probe stimulus (e.g., cat) to its associated target picture (e.g., yarn) from an array of unrelated pictures. Across trials, probes were either semantically related or unrelated. To test the locus of interference, we presented probes as either words or pictures. If semantic interference occurs at the stage common to both tasks, that is, access to semantic representations, then interference should occur in both probe presentation modalities. Results showed clear semantic interference effects independent of presentation modality and lexical frequency, confirming a semantic locus of interference in comprehension. To test the mechanism of interference, we repeated trials across 4 presentation cycles and manipulated the number of unrelated intervening trials (zero vs. two). We found that semantic interference was additive across cycles and survived 2 intervening trials, demonstrating interference to be long-lasting as opposed to short-lived. However, interference was smaller with zero versus 2 intervening trials, which we interpret to suggest that short-lived facilitation counteracted the long-lived interference. We propose that retrieving meanings associated with words/pictures from the same semantic category yields both interference due to long-lasting changes in connection strength between semantic representations (i.e., incremental learning) and facilitation caused by short-lived residual activation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

Financial Toxicity of Cancer Care: It's Time to Intervene.

PubMed

Zafar, S Yousuf

2016-05-01

Evidence suggests that a considerably large proportion of cancer patients are affected by treatment-related financial harm. As medical debt grows for some with cancer, the downstream effects can be catastrophic, with a recent study suggesting a link between extreme financial distress and worse mortality. At least three factors might explain the relationship between extreme financial distress and greater risk of mortality: 1) overall poorer well-being, 2) impaired health-related quality of life, and 3) sub-par quality of care. While research has described the financial harm associated with cancer treatment, little has been done to effectively intervene on the problem. Long-term solutions must focus on policy changes to reduce unsustainable drug prices and promote innovative insurance models. In the mean time, patients continue to struggle with high out-of-pocket costs. For more immediate solutions, we should look to the oncologist and patient. Oncologists should focus on the value of care delivered, encourage patient engagement on the topic of costs, and be better educated on financial resources available to patients. For their part, patients need improved cost-related health literacy so they are aware of potential costs and resources, and research should focus on how patients define high-value care. With a growing list of financial side effects induced by cancer treatment, the time has come to intervene on the "financial toxicity" of cancer care. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Effectiveness of personalized face-to-face and telephone nursing counseling interventions for cardiovascular risk factors: a controlled clinical trial.

PubMed

Vílchez Barboza, Vivian; Klijn, Tatiana Paravic; Salazar Molina, Alide; Sáez Carrillo, Katia Lorena

2016-08-08

to evaluate the effect and gender differences of an innovative intervention involving in-person and telephone nursing counseling to control cardiovascular risk factors (arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, and overweight), improve health-related quality of life and strengthen self-efficacy and social support in persons using the municipal health centers' cardiovascular health program. a randomized controlled clinical trial involving participants randomized into the intervention group who received traditional consultation plus personalized and telephone nursing counseling for 7 months (n = 53) and the control group (n = 56). The study followed the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials Statement. women in the intervention group presented a significant increase in the physical and mental health components compared to the control group, with decreases in weight, abdominal circumference, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the atherogenic index. The effects attributable to the intervention in the men in the intervention group were increased physical and emotional roles and decreased systolic and diastolic pressure, waist circumference, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherogenic index, cardiovascular risk factor, and 10-year coronary risk. this intervention is an effective strategy for the control of three cardiovascular risk factors and the improvement of health-related quality of life. evaluar efecto y diferencias por sexo de una intervención innovadora "Consejería de Enfermería Personalizada y Telefónica", dirigida al control de factores de riesgo cardiovascular (hipertensión arterial, dislipidemia y sobrepeso) y al mejoramiento de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, fortaleciendo la autoeficacia y el apoyo social en personas usuarias del programa de salud cardiovascular de los Centros de Salud Municipales de Concepción. ensayo clínico controlado aleatoriamente y selección aleatoria de participantes; grupo intervención con consulta tradicional más consejería de enfermería personalizada y telefónica durante 7 meses (n=53); y grupo control (n=56); siguiendo la declaración del Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials. mujeres del grupo intervención, presentaron aumento significativo con respecto al grupo control, en componentes de salud física y mental; disminución de: peso, circunferencia abdominal, colesterol total, colesterol lipoproteínas de baja densidad e índice de aterogenicidad. En hombres del grupo intervención se reflejó como efectos atribuibles a la intervención: 1) aumento en dimensiones del rol físico y emocional; 2) disminución: presión sistólica y diastólica, circunferencia abdominal, colesterol total, colesterol lipoproteínas de baja densidad, índice de aterogenicidad, factor de riesgo cardiovascular y riesgo coronario a 10 años. esta intervención es una estrategia efectiva para el control de tres factores de riesgo cardiovascular y mejoría de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud. avaliar o efeito e as diferenças por sexo de uma intervenção inovadora: o aconselhamento personalizado e por telefone em enfermagem, visando o controle de fatores de risco cardiovascular (hipertensão arterial, dislipidemia e sobrepeso) e a melhora na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde, fortalecendo a autoeficácia e o apoio social a pessoas que usam o programa de saúde cardiovascular de Centros Municipais de Saúde. ensaio clínico controlado e randomizado, participantes randomizados, grupo de intervenção: consulta tradicional mais aconselhamento personalizado e por telefone em enfermagem por 7 meses (n = 53); e grupo de controle (n = 56); seguindo a declaração Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials Statement. mulheres do grupo intervenção apresentaram um aumento significativo, em relação ao grupo controle, nos componentes de saúde mental e física, com diminuição do peso, circunferência abdominal, colesterol total, colesterol de lipoproteínas de baixa densidade e índice aterogênico. Em homens do grupo intervenção, os efeitos atribuíveis à intervenção foram: aumentos nos papeis físicos e emocionais, com diminuições na pressão sistólica e diastólica, circunferência abdominal, colesterol total, colesterol de lipoproteínas de baixa densidade, índice aterogênico, fator de risco cardiovascular e risco coronariano em 10 anos. essa intervenção é uma estratégia eficaz para o controle dos três fatores de risco cardiovascular e a melhora da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde.

Stages of change of behavior in women on a multi-professional program for treatment of obesity.

PubMed

Bevilaqua, Cheila Aparecida; Pelloso, Sandra Marisa; Marcon, Sonia Silva

2016-10-10

to ascertain the effectiveness of an intervention program in relation to anthropometric measurements and stage of readiness for behavioral change in women with excess weight. the intervention group (IG) was made up of 13 women, and the control group (CG), by 20. The intervention lasted 16 weeks, and included the practice of guided physical activity three times a week, and health education once a week. The application of the questionnaire on stage of readiness for behavioral change, and the anthropometric evaluations, were undertaken at two points - before and after the period of intervention. The statistical analysis involved tests of comparison and association. in general, at the first point, the participants in the two groups were predisposed to make changes in what they ate and in their physical activity. However, significant difference was only observed in relation to weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and waist-hip ratio and readiness for change among the members of the intervention group. the intervention programmed was effective in weight loss, reduction of waist circumference and waist-hip ratio, and in changing behaviors related to the practicing of physical exercise and eating habits. verificar a efetividade de um programa de intervenção sobre medidas antropométricas e o estágio de prontidão para mudança de comportamento em mulheres com excesso de peso. o grupo intervenção (GI) foi constituído por 13 mulheres e o grupo controle por 20. A intervenção teve duração de 16 semanas e incluiu prática de atividade física orientada três vezes na semana e educação em saúde uma vez na semana. A aplicação do questionário de estágio de prontidão para mudança de comportamento e as avaliações antropométricas foram realizadas em dois momentos, antes e após o período de intervenção. A análise estatística envolveu testes de comparação e associação. em geral, no momento inicial, as participantes dos dois grupos estavam pré dispostas a realizarem mudanças na alimentação e na atividade física. No entanto, só foi observada diferença significativa em relação ao peso, índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência da cintura e relação cintura-quadril e prontidão para mudança entre as integrantes do grupo intervenção. a intervenção programada foi efetiva na perda de peso, diminuição da circunferência da cintura e relação cintura-quadril e na mudança de comportamentos relacionados à prática de exercícios físicos e alimentar. verificar la efectividad de un programa de intervención sobre medidas antropométricas y de la fase de preparación para cambio de comportamiento, en mujeres con exceso de peso. el grupo intervención (GI) estuvo constituido por 13 mujeres y el grupo control por 20. La intervención tuvo duración de 16 semanas e incluyó práctica orientada de actividad física tres veces en la semana y educación en salud una vez por semana. La aplicación del cuestionario de fase de preparación para cambio de comportamiento y para las evaluaciones antropométricas fueron realizadas en dos momentos, antes y después del período de intervención. El análisis estadístico se realizó con pruebas de comparación y asociación. en general, en el momento inicial, las participantes de los dos grupos estaban predispuestas a realizar cambios en la alimentación y en la actividad física. Sin embargo, solamente entre las integrantes del grupo intervención fue observada diferencia significativa en relación: al peso; al índice de masa corporal (IMC); a la circunferencia de la cintura y relación cintura-cadera; y, a la preparación para el cambio. la intervención programada fue efectiva en: pérdida de peso, disminución de la circunferencia de la cintura y relación cintura-cadera, y en el cambio de comportamiento relacionado a la práctica de ejercicios físicos y de alimentación.

Translating context to causality in cardiovascular disparities research.

PubMed

Benn, Emma K T; Goldfeld, Keith S

2016-04-01

Moving from a descriptive focus to a comprehensive analysis grounded in causal inference can be particularly daunting for disparities researchers. However, even a simple model supported by the theoretical underpinnings of causality gives researchers a better chance to make correct inferences about possible interventions that can benefit our most vulnerable populations. This commentary provides a brief description of how race/ethnicity and context relate to questions of causality, and uses a hypothetical scenario to explore how different researchers might analyze the data to estimate causal effects of interest. Perhaps although not entirely removed of bias, these causal estimates will move us a step closer to understanding how to intervene. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

Lessons from implementing a combined workflow-informatics system for diabetes management.

PubMed

Zai, Adrian H; Grant, Richard W; Estey, Greg; Lester, William T; Andrews, Carl T; Yee, Ronnie; Mort, Elizabeth; Chueh, Henry C

2008-01-01

Shortcomings surrounding the care of patients with diabetes have been attributed largely to a fragmented, disorganized, and duplicative health care system that focuses more on acute conditions and complications than on managing chronic disease. To address these shortcomings, we developed a diabetes registry population management application to change the way our staff manages patients with diabetes. Use of this new application has helped us coordinate the responsibilities for intervening and monitoring patients in the registry among different users. Our experiences using this combined workflow-informatics intervention system suggest that integrating a chronic disease registry into clinical workflow for the treatment of chronic conditions creates a useful and efficient tool for managing disease.

Sterile neutrinos and RK

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vicente, A.

2013-07-01

We consider an enhancement in the violation of lepton flavour universality in light meson decays arising from modified Wlν couplings in the standard model minimally extended by sterile neutrinos. Due to the presence of additional mixings between the active neutrinos and the new sterile states, the deviation from unitarity of the leptonic mixing matrix intervening in charged currents might lead to a tree-level enhancement of RP = Γ(P → ev)/Γ(P → μν), with P = K, π. These enhancements are illustrated in the case of the inverse seesaw, showing that one can saturate the current experimental bounds on ΔrK (and Δrπ), while in agreement with the different experimental and observational constraints.

Lessons from Implementing a Combined Workflow–Informatics System for Diabetes Management

PubMed Central

Zai, Adrian H.; Grant, Richard W.; Estey, Greg; Lester, William T.; Andrews, Carl T.; Yee, Ronnie; Mort, Elizabeth; Chueh, Henry C.

2008-01-01

Shortcomings surrounding the care of patients with diabetes have been attributed largely to a fragmented, disorganized, and duplicative health care system that focuses more on acute conditions and complications than on managing chronic disease. To address these shortcomings, we developed a diabetes registry population management application to change the way our staff manages patients with diabetes. Use of this new application has helped us coordinate the responsibilities for intervening and monitoring patients in the registry among different users. Our experiences using this combined workflow-informatics intervention system suggest that integrating a chronic disease registry into clinical workflow for the treatment of chronic conditions creates a useful and efficient tool for managing disease. PMID:18436907

The Emergence of the Nicotinamide Riboside Kinases in the regulation of NAD+ Metabolism.

PubMed

Fletcher, Rachel S; Lavery, Gareth

2018-05-30

The concept of replenishing or elevating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) availability to combat metabolic disease and ageing (described extensively in recent reviews [1, 2]) is an area of intense research. This has led to a need to define the endogenous regulatory pathways and mechanisms cell and tissues utilise to maximise NAD+ availability such that strategies to intervene in the clinical setting are able to be fully realised. This review discusses the importance of different salvage pathways involved in metabolising the vitamin B3 class of NAD+ precursor molecules, with a particular focus on the recently identified nicotinamide riboside kinase (NRK) pathway at both a tissue-specific and systemic level.

Children's discrimination of vowel sequences

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Coady, Jeffry A.; Kluender, Keith R.; Evans, Julia

2003-10-01

Children's ability to discriminate sequences of steady-state vowels was investigated. Vowels (as in ``beet,'' ``bat,'' ``bought,'' and ``boot'') were synthesized at durations of 40, 80, 160, 320, 640, and 1280 ms. Four different vowel sequences were created by concatenating different orders of vowels for each duration, separated by 10-ms intervening silence. Thus, sequences differed in vowel order and duration (rate). Sequences were 12 s in duration, with amplitude ramped linearly over the first and last 2 s. Sequence pairs included both same (identical sequences) and different trials (sequences with vowels in different orders). Sequences with vowel of equal duration were presented on individual trials. Children aged 7;0 to 10;6 listened to pairs of sequences (with 100 ms between sequences) and responded whether sequences sounded the same or different. Results indicate that children are best able to discriminate sequences of intermediate-duration vowels, typical of conversational speaking rate. Children were less accurate with both shorter and longer vowels. Results are discussed in terms of auditory processing (shortest vowels) and memory (longest vowels). [Research supported by NIDCD DC-05263, DC-04072, and DC-005650.

Moral: Don't Ignore Harassment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sendor, Benjamin

1996-01-01

Last year, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit ruled in "Davis" that a student can sue for damages if school officials know a student is being sexually harassed but fail to intervene. (MLF)

29 CFR 1979.114 - Special circumstances; waiver of rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... THE WENDELL H. FORD AVIATION INVESTMENT AND REFORM ACT FOR THE 21ST CENTURY Miscellaneous Provisions..., upon application, after three days notice to all parties and interveners, waive any rule or issue any...

39 CFR 232.1 - Conduct on postal property.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... authorized by state law. (g) Alcoholic beverages, drugs, and smoking. (1) A person under the influence of an... that operate for the promotion of social welfare but do not participate or intervene in any political...

Early Interactions with Children Who Are Deaf-Blind

MedlinePlus

... Inclusion IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act) Assistive Technology History of Deaf-Blind Education Transition to Adulthood > Transition Self Determination Person Centered Planning Postsecondary Education Independent Living ... > Intervener Services Support Service Provider Personnel Development & ...

76 FR 42703 - Combined Notice of Filings No. 1

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-19

....204: TSB-Y Young RIIL Curve Update to be effective 8/7/2011. Filed Date: 07/08/2011. Accession Number... not serve to make protestants parties to the proceeding. Anyone filing a motion to intervene or...