discussed include basic: Topics by Science.gov

Sample records for discussed include basic

Introduction to Chemistry for Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operators. Water and Wastewater Training Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

South Dakota Dept. of Environmental Protection, Pierre.

Presented are basic concepts of chemistry necessary for operators who manage drinking water treatment plants and wastewater facilities. It includes discussions of chemical terms and concepts, laboratory procedures for basic analyses of interest to operators, and discussions of appropriate chemical calculations. Exercises are included and answer…
The New Millennium and an Education That Captures the Basic Spirit of Science.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bybee, Rodger W.

This document discusses reflections of the old and new millennium on education that capture the basic spirit of science. The explanation includes basic scientific ideas in physical sciences, earth systems, solar system and space; living systems; basic scientific thinking; the basic distinction between science and technology; basic connections…
Anaerobic Digestion I. Sludge Treatment and Disposal Course #166. Instructor's Guide [and] Student Workbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arasmith, E. E.

This lesson is the first of a two-part series on anaerobic digestion. Topics discussed include the five basic functions of an anaerobic digester, basic theory of the biological processes involved, basic equipment necessary for digestion, and the products of digestion. The lesson includes an instructor's guide and student workbook. The instructor's…
Manual for Teaching Western Riding.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shannon, Elizabeth

This manual for teaching western riding is divided into two parts. Part one is composed of discussions of general aspects of riding instruction. Included are discussions of the basic goals of riding, characteristics of a basic position, styles of holding reins, standing position, and elementary control. Part two is composed of 20 suggested lesson…
Discussing religion and spirituality is an advanced communication skill: an exploratory structural equation model of physician trainee self-ratings.

PubMed

Ford, Dee W; Downey, Lois; Engelberg, Ruth; Back, Anthony L; Curtis, J Randall

2012-01-01

Communication about religious and spiritual issues is fundamental to palliative care, yet little empirical data exist to guide curricula in this area. The goal of this study was to develop an improved understanding of physicians' perspectives on their communication competence about religious and spiritual issues. We examined surveys of physician trainees (n=297) enrolled in an ongoing communication skills study at two medical centers in the northwestern and southeastern United States. Our primary outcome was self-assessed competence in discussing religion and spirituality. We used exploratory structural equation modeling (SEM) to develop measurement and full models for acquisition of self-assessed communication competencies. Our measurement SEM identified two latent constructs that we label Basic and Intermediate Competence, composed of five self-assessed communication skills. The Basic Competence construct included overall satisfaction with palliative care skills and with discussing do not resuscitate (DNR) status. The Intermediate Competence construct included responding to inappropriate treatment requests, maintaining hope, and addressing fears about the end-of-life. Our full SEM model found that Basic Competence predicted Intermediate Competence and that Intermediate Competence predicted competence in religious and spiritual discussions. Years of clinical training directly influenced Basic Competence. Increased end-of-life discussions positively influenced Basic Competence and had a complex association with Intermediate Competence. Southeastern trainees perceived more competence in religious and spiritual discussions than northwestern trainees. This study suggests that discussion of religious and spiritual issues is a communication skill that trainees consider more advanced than other commonly taught communication skills, such as discussing DNR orders.
Teaching About Economics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Paine, Carolyn; Arnold, Anne Jurmu

1983-01-01

A teaching unit on economics discusses basic background information, suggests classroom activities, and lists sources of instructional resources. Reproducible masters for two instructional levels are included and introduce economics law and basic financial management. (FG)
High frequency x-ray generator basics.

PubMed

Sobol, Wlad T

2002-02-01

The purpose of this paper is to present basic functional principles of high frequency x-ray generators. The emphasis is put on physical concepts that determine the engineering solutions to the problem of efficient generation and control of high voltage power required to drive the x-ray tube. The physics of magnetically coupled circuits is discussed first, as a background for the discussion of engineering issues related to high-frequency power transformer design. Attention is paid to physical processes that influence such factors as size, efficiency, and reliability of a high voltage power transformer. The basic electrical circuit of a high frequency generator is analyzed next, with focus on functional principles. This section investigates the role and function of basic components, such as power supply, inverter, and voltage doubler. Essential electronic circuits of generator control are then examined, including regulation of voltage, current and timing of electrical power delivery to the x-ray tube. Finally, issues related to efficient feedback control, including basic design of the AEC circuitry are reviewed.
Texas Boating Basics: A Course in Better Boating. Fifth Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Texas State Dept. of Parks and Wildlife, Austin.

This student manual and teacher's guide on boating provides basic information of boating laws, boat types, and boat operation. Part I includes information on types of boats, boat hulls, and motors. Part II covers what is legally required regarding registration of boats and equipment. Part III discusses basic safety regulations, navigation rules,…
Basic Science Considerations in Primary Total Hip Replacement Arthroplasty

PubMed Central

Mirza, Saqeb B; Dunlop, Douglas G; Panesar, Sukhmeet S; Naqvi, Syed G; Gangoo, Shafat; Salih, Saif

2010-01-01

Total Hip Replacement is one of the most common operations performed in the developed world today. An increasingly ageing population means that the numbers of people undergoing this operation is set to rise. There are a numerous number of prosthesis on the market and it is often difficult to choose between them. It is therefore necessary to have a good understanding of the basic scientific principles in Total Hip Replacement and the evidence base underpinning them. This paper reviews the relevant anatomical and biomechanical principles in THA. It goes on to elaborate on the structural properties of materials used in modern implants and looks at the evidence base for different types of fixation including cemented and uncemented components. Modern bearing surfaces are discussed in addition to the scientific basis of various surface engineering modifications in THA prostheses. The basic science considerations in component alignment and abductor tension are also discussed. A brief discussion on modular and custom designs of THR is also included. This article reviews basic science concepts and the rationale underpinning the use of the femoral and acetabular component in total hip replacement. PMID:20582240
Basic Research in the United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Handler, Philip

1979-01-01

Presents a discussion of the development of basic research in the U.S. since World War II. Topics include the creation of the federal agencies, physics and astronomy, chemistry, earth science, life science, the environment, and social science. (BB)
Throw Away Those Erasers! Building Dragons with Basic Shapes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parker, Karen

2003-01-01

Describes an art lesson for second-grade students that uses basic shapes to paint pictures of dragons. Discusses how the students created their dragons and lists the art materials needed. Includes a list of learning objectives. (CMK)
Summary of the ACAT Round Table Discussion: Open-source, knowledge sharing and scientific collaboration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carminati, Federico; Perret-Gallix, Denis; Riemann, Tord

2014-06-01

Round table discussions are in the tradition of ACAT. This year's plenary round table discussion was devoted to questions related to the use of scientific software in High Energy Physics and beyond. The 90 minutes of discussion were lively, and quite a lot of diverse opinions were spelled out. Although the discussion was, in part, controversial, the participants agreed unanimously on several basic issues in software sharing: • The importance of having various licensing models in academic research; • The basic value of proper recognition and attribution of intellectual property, including scientific software; • The user respect for the conditions of use, including licence statements, as formulated by the author. The need of a similar discussion on the issues of data sharing was emphasized and it was recommended to cover this subject at the conference round table discussion of next ACAT. In this contribution, we summarise selected topics that were covered in the introductory talks and in the following discussion.
Tools for computer graphics applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Phillips, R. L.

1976-01-01

Extensive research in computer graphics has produced a collection of basic algorithms and procedures whose utility spans many disciplines. These tools are described in terms of their fundamental aspects, implementations, applications, and availability. Programs which are discussed include basic data plotting, curve smoothing, and depiction of three dimensional surfaces. As an aid to potential users of these tools, particular attention is given to discussing their availability and, where applicable, their cost.
Transparent Conducting Oxides: Status and Opportunities in Basic Research

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Coutts, T. J.; Perkins, J. D.; Ginley, D.S.

1999-08-01

In this paper, we begin by discussing the historical background of transparent conducting oxides and then make some general remarks about their typical properties. This is followed by a short discussion of the desired properties for future applications (particularly photovoltaic devices). These are ambitious objectives but they provide targets for future basic research and development. Although it may be possible to obtain these properties in the laboratory, it is vital to ensure that account is taken of industrial perceptions to the development of the next generation of materials. Hence, we spend some time discussing industrial criteria. Next, we discuss keymore » physical properties that determine the macroscopic physical properties that, in turn, affect the performance of devices. Finally, we select several key topics that ought to be included in future basic research programs.« less
Burnout Prevention Programs: A Must for Staff Development.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Casteel, Jim Frank; Matthews, Doris B.

Following a description of the pattern of burnout symptoms, which include attitudinal, emotional, and physical components, measures are discussed for determining individuals' reactions to stress and their tendencies to "burnout." A discussion on strategies to cure or prevent burnout includes consideration of three basic methods: cognitive…
Technetium-99m: basic nuclear physics and chemical properties.

PubMed

Castronovo, F P

1975-05-01

The nuclear physics and chemical properties of technetium-99m are reviewed. The review of basic nuclear physics includes: classification of nuclides, nuclear stability, production of radionuclides, artificial production of molybdenum-99, production of technetium 99m and -99Mo-99mTc generators. The discussion of the chemistry of technetium includes a profile of several -99mCc-labeled radiopharmaceuticals.
Space Technology: Propulsion, Control and Guidance of Space Vehicles. Aerospace Education III.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Savler, D. S.; Mackin, T. E.

This book, one in the series on Aerospace Education III, includes a discussion of the essentials of propulsion, control, and guidance and the conditions of space travel. Chapter 1 provides a brief account of basic laws of celestial mechanics. Chapters 2, 3, and 4 are devoted to the chemical principles of propulsion. Included are the basics of…
Deferred Maintenance Program Handbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

California State Dept. of General Services, Sacramento. Office of Public School Construction.

This handbook provides process information on California's Deferred Maintenance Program, including a description of the administering body of law. Chapters discuss the program's process on the topics of basic/additional apportionment, fund release (basic/additional and critical hardship), the Deferred Maintenance Five-Year Plan, district deposit,…
The Preservation of Leather Bindings: Background, Organization of a Project, and Procedures.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Meredith

This manual, intended primarily for use by preservation supervisors, includes a discussion of basic leather preservation techniques, and a description of the entire leather book preservation program at Olin Library, Cornell University. Discussions of work flow, materials, treatment steps, schedulinq, and recruiting student assistants are included.…
Cherenkov water detector NEVOD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Petrukhin, A. A.

2015-05-01

A unique multipurpose Cherenkov water detector, the NEVOD facility, uses quasispherical measuring modules to explore all the basic components of cosmic rays on Earth's surface, including neutrinos. Currently, the experimental complex includes the Cherenkov water detector, a calibration telescope system, and a coordinate detector. This paper traces the basic development stages of NEVOD, examines research directions, presents the results obtained, including the search for the solution to the 'muon puzzle', and discusses possible future development prospects.

Basics of elder law and legal liabilities of negligence and malpractice for physicians as they apply to individuals with disabilities.

PubMed

Ullman, David; Zuller, Michael E

2005-02-01

This article provides information regarding the issues that physicians face when dealing with elderly patients with cognitive deficits. It includes a discussion of basic legal terms and concepts that medical personnel should understand, various difficulties encountered by patients and families in crisis situations, and how the legal system deals with these issues. It concludes with a general discussion of the legal liabilities of negligence and malpractice.
A Beginner's Guide to BASIC Programming, Part 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hughes, Elizabeth

1982-01-01

Discusses a number of important structures which can be used in programming with BASIC, including loops, subroutines, and arrays. To illustrate these structures, a simple grade-averaging program is presented and explained. Commands introduced in Part 1 of the guide are listed in a table. (JL)
WE-A-304-01: Strategies and Technologies for Cranial Radiosurgery Planning: MLC-Based Linac

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kim, G.

2015-06-15

The high fractional doses, stringent requirements for accuracy and precision, and surgical perspective characteristic of intracranial radiosurgery create considerations for treatment planning which are distinct from most other radiotherapy procedures. This session will introduce treatment planning techniques specific to two popular intracranial SRS modalities: Gamma Knife and MLC-based Linac. The basic treatment delivery characteristics of each device will be reviewed with a focus on how those characteristics determine the paradigm used for treatment planning. Basic techniques for treatment planning will be discussed, including considerations such as isodose selection, target and organ-at-risk definition, quality indices, and protection of critical structures. Futuremore » directions for SRS treatment planning will also be discussed. Learning Objectives: Introduce the basic physical principles of intracranial radiosurgery and how they are realized in the treatment planning paradigms for Gamma Knife and Linac radiosurgery. Demonstrate basic treatment planning techniques. Discuss metrics for evaluating SRS treatment plan quality. Discuss recent and future advances in SRS treatment planning. D. Schlesinger receives research support from Elekta, AB.« less
WE-A-304-02: Strategies and Technologies for Cranial Radiosurgery Planning: Gamma Knife

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Schlesinger, D.

2015-06-15

The high fractional doses, stringent requirements for accuracy and precision, and surgical perspective characteristic of intracranial radiosurgery create considerations for treatment planning which are distinct from most other radiotherapy procedures. This session will introduce treatment planning techniques specific to two popular intracranial SRS modalities: Gamma Knife and MLC-based Linac. The basic treatment delivery characteristics of each device will be reviewed with a focus on how those characteristics determine the paradigm used for treatment planning. Basic techniques for treatment planning will be discussed, including considerations such as isodose selection, target and organ-at-risk definition, quality indices, and protection of critical structures. Futuremore » directions for SRS treatment planning will also be discussed. Learning Objectives: Introduce the basic physical principles of intracranial radiosurgery and how they are realized in the treatment planning paradigms for Gamma Knife and Linac radiosurgery. Demonstrate basic treatment planning techniques. Discuss metrics for evaluating SRS treatment plan quality. Discuss recent and future advances in SRS treatment planning. D. Schlesinger receives research support from Elekta, AB.« less
Probability, statistics, and computational science.

PubMed

Beerenwinkel, Niko; Siebourg, Juliane

2012-01-01

In this chapter, we review basic concepts from probability theory and computational statistics that are fundamental to evolutionary genomics. We provide a very basic introduction to statistical modeling and discuss general principles, including maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. Markov chains, hidden Markov models, and Bayesian network models are introduced in more detail as they occur frequently and in many variations in genomics applications. In particular, we discuss efficient inference algorithms and methods for learning these models from partially observed data. Several simple examples are given throughout the text, some of which point to models that are discussed in more detail in subsequent chapters.
Helicopter gust response characteristics including unsteady aerodynamic stall effects

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Arcidiacono, P. J.; Bergquist, R. R.; Alexander, W. T., Jr.

1974-01-01

The results of an analytical study to evaluate the general response characteristics of a helicopter subjected to various types of discrete gust encounters are presented. The analysis employed was a nonlinear coupled, multi-blade rotorfuselage analysis including the effects of blade flexibility and unsteady aerodynamic stall. Only the controls-fixed response of the basic aircraft without any aircraft stability augmentation was considered. A discussion of the basic differences between gust sensitivity of fixed and rotary wing aircraft is presented. The effects of several rotor configuration and aircraft operating parameters on initial gust-induced load factor and blade vibratory stress and pushrod loads are discussed.
PowerPoint Workshop for Teachers[TM].

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Caughlin, Janet

This guide for teachers to the Microsoft PowerPoint multimedia presentation program begins with a section that introduces what PowerPoint is and why teachers should use it, Windows 95/98 basics, Macintosh basics, getting started, PowerPoint toolbars, and presentation tips. The next section discusses learning PowerPoint, including creating a…
Developing Skills in Severely and Profoundly Handicapped Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thomas, M. Angele, Ed.

Included in the publication are 10 articles on developing basic skills in severely and profoundly handicapped children. The first paper focuses on the development of object permanence, a basic cognitive skill, while the second and third review procedures for developing self care skills (toileting and eating). A fourth paper discusses an…
Embedded Information Literacy in the Basic Oral Communication Course: From Conception through Assessment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weaver, Kari D.; Pier, Penni M.

2010-01-01

This article explores the process of embedding information literacy into a basic oral communication course. Discussion includes student performance as an impetus for change, collaborative course design between the oral communication teaching team and instructional librarians, and assessment initiatives. Suggestions for future collaborative work…
Education for Achieving a New Societal Paradigm.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hull, Ronald W.

A review of ecological problems facing human society is presented and the relationship of education to social change is considered. Basic environmental limitations which are discussed include population; basic materials such as food, fuels, and water; and environmental tolerance. Ecological hazards which combine with these limitations to result in…
Everything You Always Wanted to Know about Computers but Were Afraid to Ask.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DiSpezio, Michael A.

1989-01-01

An overview of the basics of computers is presented. Definitions and discussions of processing, programs, memory, DOS, anatomy and design, central processing unit (CPU), disk drives, floppy disks, and peripherals are included. This article was designed to help teachers to understand basic computer terminology. (CW)
Counseling the Adult Basic Education Student.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Champagne, Delight E.

This guide is designed for use by counselors and teachers working with adult basic education (ABE) students. Discussed first is the importance of viewing adult learners as clients. The unique characteristics of the ABE student are examined. Presented next is an adult counseling model that includes the following program participation phases:…
Combining ascent loads

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Houbolt, J. C.

1972-01-01

Criteria and guidelines are presented for combining loads that develop during the ascent phase of a space flight. The primary load-caring structure is discussed including the basic tank and interconnecting members, engine support mounts and connections to tank structure, transition structures between stages, payload shrouds, and the basic support points at separation planes.
ON THE NATURE OF SPEECH SCIENCE.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

PETERSON, GORDON E.

IN THIS ARTICLE THE NATURE OF THE DISCIPLINE OF SPEECH SCIENCE IS CONSIDERED AND THE VARIOUS BASIC AND APPLIED AREAS OF THE DISCIPLINE ARE DISCUSSED. THE BASIC AREAS ENCOMPASS THE VARIOUS PROCESSES OF THE PHYSIOLOGY OF SPEECH PRODUCTION, THE ACOUSTICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SPEECH, INCLUDING THE SPEECH WAVE TYPES AND THE INFORMATION-BEARING ACOUSTIC…
Chemical Mixture Risk Assessment Additivity-Based Approaches

EPA Science Inventory

Powerpoint presentation includes additivity-based chemical mixture risk assessment methods. Basic concepts, theory and example calculations are included. Several slides discuss the use of "common adverse outcomes" in analyzing phthalate mixtures.
Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimetry in medicine.

PubMed

Yukihara, E G; McKeever, S W S

2008-10-21

This paper reviews fundamental and practical aspects of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimetry pertaining to applications in medicine, having particularly in mind new researchers and medical physicists interested in gaining familiarity with the field. A basic phenomenological model for OSL is presented and the key processes affecting the outcome of an OSL measurement are discussed. Practical aspects discussed include stimulation modalities (continuous-wave OSL, pulsed OSL and linear modulation OSL), basic experimental setup, available OSL readers, optical fiber systems and basic properties of available OSL dosimeters. Finally, results from the recent literature on applications of OSL in radiotherapy, radiodiagnostics and heavy charged particle dosimetry are discussed in light of the theoretical and practical framework presented in this review. Open questions and future challenges in OSL dosimetry are highlighted as a guide to the research needed to further advance the field.
Biodiesel Basics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

This fact sheet provides a brief introduction to biodiesel, including a discussion of biodiesel blends and specifications. It also covers how biodiesel compares to diesel fuel in terms of performance (including in cold weather) and whether there are adverse effects on engines or other systems. Finally, it discusses biodiesel fuel quality and standards, and compares biodiesel emissions to those of diesel fuel.
A Basic Guide to Nuclear Power.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martocci, Barbara; Wilson, Greg

More than 100 nuclear power plants supply over 17 percent of the electricity in the United States. The basic principles of how nuclear energy works and how it is used to make electricity are explained in this profusely illustrated booklet written for the average sixth grade reader. Discussions include: (1) atomic structure; (2) nuclear fission;…
An Analysis and Plan of Test Development for the Law Enforcement Basic Training Course.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vineberg, Robert; Taylor, John E.

A test development plan is described to evaluate police enrolled in the law enforcement basic training course developed by California's Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST). Some general test methodologies are discussed: performance tests, knowledge tests, and situational tests, including role playing simulations and…
Window Insulation: How to Sort Through the Options.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Barbara

This two-part report explores the efforts of businesses and individuals to improve the thermal performance of windows. Part I discusses the basics of what makes a window product insulate or save energy. Topic areas addressed include saving energy lost through windows, key components of window insulation, three basic types of window insulation,…

Organization Development: Its Nature, Origins, and Prospects.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bennis, Warren G.

A primer on organization development (OD), this book presents a basic statement for people in organizations and for practitioners and students of OD. Many concrete examples are included. After a definition of OD, the basic conditions which create the need for OD are discussed: rapid change, growth in size, increasing diversity, change in…
Working with Students Who Are Late-Deafened. NETAC Teacher Tipsheet.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clark, Mary

This tipsheet provides suggestions to help teachers work more effectively with students who are late-deafened. Suggestions include: (1) allow time for the student to introduce himself and discuss possible needs; (2) learn the basics of CART (Computer-Aided Realtime Translation) and other communication options; (3) learn the basics of using…
Glass Blowing -- Try It, You'll Like It.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dilavore, Philip

1982-01-01

Discusses the basics of scientific glassblowing, including equipment needed, lighting a hand torch (which uses a gas and oxygen mixture), and cutting tubing. Also discusses preparation of butt joints, tee joints, and bends. Photographs illustrating various techniques are provided. (JN)
Intelligent Tutoring Systems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ross, Peter

1987-01-01

Discusses intelligent tutoring systems (ITS), one application of artificial intelligence to computers used in education. Basic designs of ITSs are described; examples are given including PROUST, GREATERP, and the use of simulation with ITSs; protocol analysis is discussed; and 38 prototype ITSs are listed. (LRW)
Programming Languages.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tesler, Lawrence G.

1984-01-01

Discusses the nature of programing languages, considering the features of BASIC, LOGO, PASCAL, COBOL, FORTH, APL, and LISP. Also discusses machine/assembly codes, the operation of a compiler, and trends in the evolution of programing languages (including interest in notational systems called object-oriented languages). (JN)
[Platforms are needed for innovative basic research in ophthalmology].

PubMed

Wang, Yi-qiang

2012-07-01

Basic research poses the cornerstone of technical innovation in all lines including medical sciences. Currently, there are shortages of professional scientists as well as technical supporting teams and facilities in the field of basic research of ophthalmology and visual science in China. Evaluation system and personnel policies are not supportive for innovative but high-risk-of-failure research projects. Discussion of reasons and possible solutions are given here to address these problems, aiming at promoting buildup of platforms hosting novel and important basic research in eye science in this country.
VD--Epidemic Among Teenagers. Public Affairs Pamphlet No. 517.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saltman, Jules

This booklet discusses the venereal disease (VD) epidemic among teenagers. After presenting some basic facts about VD, the effect, treatment, and prevention of both gonorrhea and syphilis is discussed. The booklet then examines statistics concerning gonorrhea and syphilis. It also looks at why the VD epidemic exists and includes discussions on (1)…
High School Locker Bays.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trotsky, George

2002-01-01

Discusses planning, specification, and installation of student lockers, asserting that for the two basic types of lockers, corridor student lockers and athletic lockers, design considerations must focus on space requirements and ease of supervision. Discusses centralized versus decentralized configuration and locker size and type. Includes a chart…
Basic Electricity/Electronics (Industrial Arts). Vocational Education Curriculum Guide. Bulletin 1724.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Louisiana State Dept. of Education, Baton Rouge. Div. of Vocational Education.

This curriculum guide is designed to assist industrial arts teachers, counselors, and administrators in improving instruction in the areas of electricity and basic electronics. Included in the first part of the guide are a course flow chart, a course description, a discussion of target grade levels and prerequisites, course goals and objectives,…
The Basics of How to Reveal Epilepsy--Part Two

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mittan, Robert J.

2009-01-01

In the April 2009 edition of "Exceptional Parent," Part One of this series explored why, for their own emotional well-being, it is so important for parents to tell others about their or their child's epilepsy. This month's installment will discuss the basics of how to reveal epilepsy to others, including some additional advantages one receives in…
Debates on the Basic Education Curriculum Reform and Teachers' Challenges in China: The Case of Mathematics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Li, Qiong; Ni, Yu-jing

2012-01-01

Focusing on the case of mathematics, this paper reviews debates on China's new Basic Education Curriculum Reform program, including the status of knowledge within the reformed curriculum, the arrangement of the curriculum system, and the push toward real-life applicability and hands-on participation. It discusses the related challenges that…
Basic Hand Tools for Bricklaying and Cement Masonry [and] Basic Hand Tools of the Carpenter.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Texas A and M Univ., College Station. Vocational Instructional Services.

Intended for student use, this unit discusses and illustrates the tools used in brick and masonry and carpentry. Contents of the brick and masonry section include informative materials on bricklaying tools (brick trowels, joint tools, levels, squares, line and accessories, rules, hammers and chisels, tool kits) and cement masonry tools (tampers,…
The X-1 Paper Glider Kit: Investigating the Basics of Flight with a Model of the First Supersonic Aircraft. Educational Brief.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC.

This brief discusses the basics of flight using a model of the first supersonic aircraft. This activity for grades 5-12 has students build a glider and learn how to change the flight characteristics of the glider. A template for the glider is included. (MVL)
Policies that Clarify Student Rights & Responsibilities. School Board Policy Development Kit.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National School Boards Association, Waterford, CT. Educational Policies Service.

This kit discusses written policies basic to student rights and responsibilities, including those based on the constitution and those not. Specific policies should be based on three broad, basic premises: (1) recognition that freedom implies the right to make mistakes as long as these mistakes do not endanger life and property or are not seriously…
Introduction to basic solar cell measurements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brandhorst, H. W., Jr.

1976-01-01

The basic approaches to solar cell performance and diagnostic measurements are described. The light sources, equipment for I-V curve measurement, and the test conditions and procedures for performance measurement are detailed. Solar cell diagnostic tools discussed include analysis of I-V curves, series resistance and reverse saturation current determination, spectral response/quantum yield measurement, and diffusion length/lifetime determination.
Maximum Likelihood Estimation with Emphasis on Aircraft Flight Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Iliff, K. W.; Maine, R. E.

1985-01-01

Accurate modeling of flexible space structures is an important field that is currently under investigation. Parameter estimation, using methods such as maximum likelihood, is one of the ways that the model can be improved. The maximum likelihood estimator has been used to extract stability and control derivatives from flight data for many years. Most of the literature on aircraft estimation concentrates on new developments and applications, assuming familiarity with basic estimation concepts. Some of these basic concepts are presented. The maximum likelihood estimator and the aircraft equations of motion that the estimator uses are briefly discussed. The basic concepts of minimization and estimation are examined for a simple computed aircraft example. The cost functions that are to be minimized during estimation are defined and discussed. Graphic representations of the cost functions are given to help illustrate the minimization process. Finally, the basic concepts are generalized, and estimation from flight data is discussed. Specific examples of estimation of structural dynamics are included. Some of the major conclusions for the computed example are also developed for the analysis of flight data.
A Quest for Quality: Consumer and Homemaking Education in the 80s.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Illinois Teacher of Home Economics, 1985

1985-01-01

Discusses the contributions that consumer and homemaking education make towards improving students' basic skills. These skills include verbal (discussing consumer issues, family relations, child development); reading (product labels, magazine articles, newspapers); writing (reports, notes, term papers); mathematics (budgets, recipe ingredients,…
RATFOR user's guide version 2.0

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Helmle, L. C.

1985-01-01

This document is a user's guide for RATFOR at Ames Research Center. The main part of the document is a general description of RATFOR, and the appendix is devoted to a machine specific implementation for the Cray X-MP. The general stylistic features of RATFOR are discussed, including the block structure, keywords, source code, format, and the notion of tokens. There is a section on the basic control structures (IF-ELSE, ELSE IF, WHILE, FOR, DO, REPEAT-UNTIL, BREAK, NEXT), and there is a section on the statements that extend FORTRAN's capabilities (DEFINE, MACRO, INCLUDE, STRING). THE appendix discusses everything needed to compile and run a basic job, the preprocessor options, the supported character sets, the generated listings, fatal errors, and program limitations and the differences from standard FORTRAN.
Basic and Special Criteria for the Evaluation of Manually Activated and/or Coin Activated Vending Machines for Foods and/or Beverages. Revised February 1963.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Sanitation Foundation, Ann Arbor, MI.

Appraisal of various types of manually activated and/or coin activated vending machines is discussed in this standard. The following are included--(1) introduction and definitions and discussion of various types of food and beverage vending machines, (2) general provisions including minimum requirements, alternate materials, and a classification…
Marketing the Health Sciences Library.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Norman, O. Gene

The basic activities of marketing are discussed, including gathering information and determining needs, designing a program around the elements of the marketing mix, and managing the marketing program. Following a general discussion, applications of the marketing concepts to a health sciences library are described. The administrator of the health…

Fitness: A Lifestyle Value.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hennyey, Donna J.

1985-01-01

Factors contributing to the evolution of fitness are discussed, and some of the challenges these hold for those in the fields of food and nutrition are identified. This includes a discussion of basic concepts of nutrition and exercise, misconceptions of nutrition and exercise, and fitness instructors as nutrition educators. (Author/CT)
Multipurpose exciter with low phase noise

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Conroy, B.; Le, D.

1989-01-01

Results of an effort to develop a lower-cost exciter with high stability, low phase noise, and controllable phase and frequency for use in Deep Space Network and Goldstone Solar System Radar applications are discussed. Included is a discussion of the basic concept, test results, plans, and concerns.
Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimal Design: As Easy as it Sounds?

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Moore, Greg; Chainyk, Mike; Schiermeier, John

2004-01-01

The viewgraph presentation examines optimal design for precision, large aperture structures. Discussion focuses on aspects of design optimization, code architecture and current capabilities, and planned activities and collaborative area suggestions. The discussion of design optimization examines design sensitivity analysis; practical considerations; and new analytical environments including finite element-based capability for high-fidelity multidisciplinary analysis, design sensitivity, and optimization. The discussion of code architecture and current capabilities includes basic thermal and structural elements, nonlinear heat transfer solutions and process, and optical modes generation.
Comprehensive Fund-Raising Campaigns: A Basic Guide for Governing Boards of Independent Institutions. Fund-Raising Topics. Board Basics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schrum, Jake B., Ed.

2001-01-01

This guide for the governing boards of independent institutions discusses conducting a comprehensive fund-raising campaign. A comprehensive fund-raising campaign is broader and more strategic than past capital fund raising campaigns. Its financial goals include all potential gifts from annual fund donors, all gifts for the endowment, all gifts for…
Integration of CAI into a Freshmen Liberal Arts Math Course in the Community College.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCall, Michael B.; Holton, Jean L.

1982-01-01

Discusses four computer-assisted-instruction programs used in a college-level mathematics course to introduce computer literacy and improve mathematical skills. The BASIC programs include polynomial functions, trigonometric functions, matrix algebra, and differential calculus. Each program discusses mathematics theory and introduces programming…
Introduction to the Application of Web-Based Surveys.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Timmerman, Annemarie

This paper discusses some basic assumptions and issues concerning web-based surveys. Discussion includes: assumptions regarding cost and ease of use; disadvantages of web-based surveys, concerning the inability to compensate for four common errors of survey research: coverage error, sampling error, measurement error and nonresponse error; and…
The Indigenous World 1993-94 = El Mundo Indigena 1993-94.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parellada, Alejandro, Ed.; And Others

This book addresses the oppression and discrimination that indigenous populations face and discusses their efforts to regain basic rights to control their own cultural, economic, political, and social development. The first section discusses the social status and living conditions of indigenous populations in the Arctic (including Saamiland and…
Selling to NASA

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1981-01-01

The prospective NASA contractor is provided with information that describes the agency and its procurement practices. Products include ideas, manufacturing capabilities, fabricated components, construction, basic materials, and specialized services. NASA assistance in marketing these and other products is emphasized. Small and minority business enterprises are discussed. The agency's scientific and technical information activities are also discussed.
Basics of the dimensioning and operations of photovoltaic systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karl, H.

1984-06-01

Experiments and results in solar energy research are discussed. The characteristics of solar cells and photovoltaic generators are examined, and long-term experimental results on solar generators and hybrid collectors are reported. Photovoltaic systems are discussed, including battery systems, water pump systems, and hydrogen production by electrolysis.
Rain rate measurement capabilities using a Seasat type radar altimeter

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Goldhirsh, J.; Walsh, E. J.

1981-01-01

The combined use of a space-based radar and a radiometer for measurement of precipitation is discussed. Phenomena to exploit or overcome is surveyed. Basic measurement problems are discussed. Several active systems are proposed, including three ocean systems and two land-sea systems. Recommendations for future research are given.
Research to Practice Connections

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patterson, Margaret Becker

2016-01-01

This article describes outcomes of group discussion sessions that took place as part of the Commission on Adult Basic Education April 2016 conference in Dallas, Texas. Researchers and practitioners in adult education were the primary attendees of the conference. Session topics and points of discussion in this paper include: the challenge of the…
Epilepsy; A Review of Basic and Clinical Research. NINDB Monograph Number 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robb, Preston

A discussion of the incidence of epilepsy is followed by a discussion of etiology including the following causes: genetic and birth factors, infectious diseases, toxic factors, trauma or physical agents, heredofamilial and degenerative disorders, circulatory disturbances, metabolic and nutritional disturbances, and neoplasms. Epileptic seizures…
Introduction to cell culture.

PubMed

Philippeos, Christina; Hughes, Robin D; Dhawan, Anil; Mitry, Ragai R

2012-01-01

The basics of cell culture as applied to human cells are discussed. Biosafety when working with human tissue, which is often pathogenic, is important. The requirements for a tissue culture laboratory are described, particularly the range of equipment needed to carry out cell isolation, purification, and culture. Steps must be taken to maintain aseptic conditions to prevent contamination of cultures with micro-organisms. Basic cell-handling techniques are discussed, including choice of media, primary culture, and cryopreservation of cells so they can be stored for future use. Common assays which are used to determine cell viability and activity are considered.
Magnetic Fluids--Part 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hoon, S. R.; Tanner, B. K.

1985-01-01

Basic physical concepts of importance in understanding magnetic fluids (fine ferromagnetic particles suspended in a liquid) are discussed. They include home-made magnetic fluids, stable magnetic fluids, and particle surfactants. (DH)
Discovering Authorities and Hubs in Different Topological Web Graph Structures.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meghabghab, George

2002-01-01

Discussion of citation analysis on the Web considers Web hyperlinks as a source to analyze citations. Topics include basic graph theory applied to Web pages, including matrices, linear algebra, and Web topology; and hubs and authorities, including a search technique called HITS (Hyperlink Induced Topic Search). (Author/LRW)
A Librarian's Guide to Speaking the Business Language.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zach, Lisl

2002-01-01

Discusses budgeting in corporate libraries as a basic tool of financial management. Highlights include focusing on goals; developing a list or matrix of services; resources needed for each service; shared costs; types of budgets, including operating budget, capital budget, and cash budget; and approaches to budgeting, including incremental…
The psychological science of addiction.

PubMed

Gifford, Elizabeth; Humphreys, Keith

2007-03-01

To discuss the contributions and future course of the psychological science of addiction. The psychology of addiction includes a tremendous range of scientific activity, from the basic experimental laboratory through increasingly broad relational contexts, including patient-practitioner interactions, families, social networks, institutional settings, economics and culture. Some of the contributions discussed here include applications of behavioral principles, cognitive and behavioral neuroscience and the development and evaluation of addiction treatment. Psychology has at times been guilty of proliferating theories with relatively little pruning, and of overemphasizing intrapersonal explanations for human behavior. However, at its best, defined as the science of the individual in context, psychology is an integrated discipline using diverse methods well-suited to capture the multi-dimensional nature of addictive behavior. Psychology has a unique ability to integrate basic experimental and applied clinical science and to apply the knowledge gained from multiple levels of analysis to the pragmatic goal of reducing the prevalence of addiction.
Really Basic Papermaking.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gruber, Donald

2000-01-01

Provides information on papermaking and discusses two methods that students can use. States that papermaking can be a multidisciplinary project, including history and social studies, and a way to teach about recycling. (CMK)
If Only Newton Had a Rocket.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hammock, Frank M.

1988-01-01

Shows how model rocketry can be included in physics curricula. Describes rocket construction, a rocket guide sheet, calculations and launch teams. Discusses the relationships of basic mechanics with rockets. (CW)
Human Factors in Virtual Reality Development

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kaiser, Mary K.; Proffitt, Dennis R.; Null, Cynthia H. (Technical Monitor)

1995-01-01

This half-day tutorial will provide an overview of basic perceptual functioning as it relates to the design of virtual environment systems. The tutorial consists of three parts. First, basic issues in visual perception will be presented, including discussions of the visual sensations of brightness and color, and the visual perception of depth relationships in three-dimensional space (with a special emphasis on motion -specified depth). The second section will discuss the importance of conducting human-factors user studies and evaluations. Examples and suggestions on how best to get help with user studies will be provided. Finally, we will discuss how, by drawing on their complementary competencies, perceptual psychologists and computer engineers can work as a team to develop optimal VR systems, technologies, and techniques.

Discovering astronomy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chapman, R. D.

1978-01-01

An overview of basic astronomical knowledge is presented with attention to the structure and dynamics of the stars and planets. Also dealt with are techniques of astronomical measurement, e.g., stellar spectrometry, radio astronomy, star catalogs, etc. Basic physical principles as they pertain to astronomy are reviewed, including the nature of light, gravitation, and electromagnetism. Finally, stellar evolution and cosmology are discussed with reference to the possibility of life elsewhere in the universe.
An Introduction to Comets and Their Origin.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chapman, Robert D.; Brandt, John C.

1985-01-01

Presents excerpts from "The Comet Book," a nontechnical primer on comets. Various topics discusses in these excerpts include such basic information about comets as their components, paths, and origins. (DH)
First aid provision in nightclubs and other entertainment venues.

PubMed

Dean, R; Mulligan, J

This article discusses the role and responsibilities of the registered nurse in providing first aid in challenging environments, such as crowded nightclubs. Basic assistance for common emergencies, including substance misuse, wounds, choking and anaphylaxis, are discussed. This article emphasises the importance of risk assessment and reminds readers of the need to maintain personal safety.
Creative Teaching in Health. Second Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Read, Donald A.; Greene, Walter H.

This book is divided into five parts. Part 1 examines the status of and trends in health education today, and includes a discussion of some basic prerequisites for effective teaching. The teacher's major duties and responsibilities in setting the stage for effective teaching are examined in part 2. Part 3 discusses the nature of and potentiality…
Clean room technology in surgery suites

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1971-01-01

The principles of clean room technology and the criteria for their application to surgery are discussed. The basic types of surgical clean rooms are presented along with their advantages and disadvantages. Topics discussed include: microbiology of surgery suites; principles of laminar airflow systems, and their use in surgery; and asepsis and the operating room.
The Mother's Almanac.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kelly, Marguerite; Parsons, Elia

This book is a compilation of practical suggestions for mothers on caring for children from birth through age 6. Everyday problems are discussed in an easy-to-read anecdotal style. The first section of the book deals with family life, including discussions of birth, breast feeding, basic child care (e.g., how to diaper a squirming baby),…
Experimental analysis of computer system dependability

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Iyer, Ravishankar, K.; Tang, Dong

1993-01-01

This paper reviews an area which has evolved over the past 15 years: experimental analysis of computer system dependability. Methodologies and advances are discussed for three basic approaches used in the area: simulated fault injection, physical fault injection, and measurement-based analysis. The three approaches are suited, respectively, to dependability evaluation in the three phases of a system's life: design phase, prototype phase, and operational phase. Before the discussion of these phases, several statistical techniques used in the area are introduced. For each phase, a classification of research methods or study topics is outlined, followed by discussion of these methods or topics as well as representative studies. The statistical techniques introduced include the estimation of parameters and confidence intervals, probability distribution characterization, and several multivariate analysis methods. Importance sampling, a statistical technique used to accelerate Monte Carlo simulation, is also introduced. The discussion of simulated fault injection covers electrical-level, logic-level, and function-level fault injection methods as well as representative simulation environments such as FOCUS and DEPEND. The discussion of physical fault injection covers hardware, software, and radiation fault injection methods as well as several software and hybrid tools including FIAT, FERARI, HYBRID, and FINE. The discussion of measurement-based analysis covers measurement and data processing techniques, basic error characterization, dependency analysis, Markov reward modeling, software-dependability, and fault diagnosis. The discussion involves several important issues studies in the area, including fault models, fast simulation techniques, workload/failure dependency, correlated failures, and software fault tolerance.
Design Considerations for Creating a Chemical Information Workstation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mess, John A.

1995-01-01

Discusses what a functional chemical information workstation should provide to support the users in an academic library and examines how it can be implemented. Highlights include basic design considerations; natural language interface, including grammar-based, context-based, and statistical methodologies; expert system interface; and programming…
Applications of Optical Scanners in an Academic Center.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Molinari, Carol; Tannenbaum, Robert S.

1995-01-01

Describes optical scanners, including how the technology works; applications in data management and research; development of instructional materials; and providing community services. Discussion includes the three basic types of optical scanners: optical character recognition (OCR), optical mark readers (OMR), and graphic scanners. A sidebar…
Baking Soda Science.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Science Activities, 1994

1994-01-01

Discusses the basic principles of baking soda chemistry including the chemical composition of baking soda, its acid-base properties, the reaction of bicarbonate solution with calcium ions, and a description of some general types of chemical reactions. Includes a science activity that involves removing calcium ions from water. (LZ)
Basic nursing care: The most provided, the least evidence based - A discussion paper.

PubMed

Zwakhalen, Sandra M G; Hamers, Jan P H; Metzelthin, Silke F; Ettema, Roelof; Heinen, Maud; de Man-Van Ginkel, Janneke M; Vermeulen, Hester; Huisman-de Waal, Getty; Schuurmans, Marieke J

2018-06-01

To describe and discuss the "Basic Care Revisited" (BCR) research programme, a collaborative initiative that contributes to evidence-based basic nursing care and raises awareness about the importance of basic nursing care activities. While basic nursing care serves nearly all people at some point in their lifetime, it is poorly informed by evidence. There is a need to prioritise and evaluate basic nursing care activities to improve patient outcomes and improve the quality of care. Discussion paper METHOD: The discussion presented in this paper is based on nursing literature and theory and supported by the authors' clinical and research experiences. We present the developmental process and content of a research programme called "Basic Care Revisited" (BCR) as a solution to move forward and improve basic nursing care. To prioritise basic nursing care, we propose a research programme entitled "Basic Care Revisited" that aims to create awareness and expand knowledge on evidence-based basic nursing care by addressing four basic nursing care themes (bathing and dressing, communication, mobility, and nutrition) in different settings. The paper discusses a pathway to create a sustainable and productive research collaborative on basic nursing care and addresses issues to build research capacity. Revaluation of these important nursing activities will not only positively influence patient outcomes, but also have an impact on staff outcomes and organisational outcomes. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
New Policy Options Through Technology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schmitt, Harrison

1981-01-01

The author discusses past contributions technology has made to society and ways it will contribute to society's future. Included in these areas are basic biological research, laser technology, information systems, and space technologies. (CT)
Real World of Industrial Chemistry: An Acid Can Be Basic.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fernelius, W. Conard, Ed.; And Others

1979-01-01

The uses of sulfuric acid in our technological society are given. The discussion includes sulfuric acid in the petroleum industry, construction industry, textile industry and in steel production. (SA)
Development of Basic Literacy Learning Materials for Minority Peoples in Asia and the Pacific. Final Report of the Second Sub-Regional Workshop (Chiang Rai, Thailand, February 22-March 5, 1994).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ministry of Education, Bangkok (Thailand).

A report of a regional workshop on development of instructional materials for basic literacy education of minority groups in Asia and the Pacific is presented. Countries represented include: China; Indonesia; Laos; Malaysia; Mongolia; Myanmar (Burma); Philippines; Vietnam; and Thailand. The workshop's objectives were to discuss the need for…
Storyboarding Multimedia Interactions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Linda C.

2000-01-01

Understanding how to include interactivity when designing multimedia-based training (MBT) storyboards is a major key for a successful MBT. Discusses the basic formats of interactions and when to use each format. Describes how to storyboard and areas to address, including: the display area, prompts, branching, programming and graphics notes,…
Science and Technology Resources on the Internet: Computer Security.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kinkus, Jane F.

2002-01-01

Discusses issues related to computer security, including confidentiality, integrity, and authentication or availability; and presents a selected list of Web sites that cover the basic issues of computer security under subject headings that include ethics, privacy, kids, antivirus, policies, cryptography, operating system security, and biometrics.…
Update Money Management Units in Terms of New Legislation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manzer, John P.

1981-01-01

Provides basic business teachers with a current analysis of the rapidly changing topic of financial institutions and related functions. Elements discussed include recent financial legislation and students' money management decisions. (CT)
Talking Rocks.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rice, Dale; Corley, Brenda

1987-01-01

Discusses some of the ways that rocks can be used to enhance children's creativity and their interest in science. Suggests the creation of a dramatic production involving rocks. Includes basic information on sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks. (TW)
Soil quality: Some basic considerations and case studies

Treesearch

Dale W. Johnson

2010-01-01

Some fundamental properties of soils that pertain to the concept of soil quality are discussed including a discussion of what can and cannot be changed with management.Case studies showing the effects of N-fixing vegetation and N-enrichment effects on invasive species are provided to illustrate the complications that may arise from applying one soil quality standard to...
Assistance with Integrity: The Search for Accountability and the Lives of People with Developmental Disabilities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Brien, John; O'Brien, Connie Lyle

This report discusses basic issues in the provision of residential services for people with developmental disabilities. Main points of the discussion include: (1) the service system for this population is in a crisis of accountability as meeting safety and quality requirements threatens to become counterproductive; (2) the current system is well…

Risk Importance Measures in the Designand Operation of Nuclear Power Plants

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vrbanic I.; Samanta P.; Basic, I

This monograph presents and discusses risk importance measures as quantified by the probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) models of nuclear power plants (NPPs) developed according to the current standards and practices. Usually, PRA tools calculate risk importance measures related to a single ?basic event? representing particular failure mode. This is, then, reflected in many current PRA applications. The monograph focuses on the concept of ?component-level? importance measures that take into account different failure modes of the component including common-cause failures (CCFs). In opening sections the roleof risk assessment in safety analysis of an NPP is introduced and discussion given of ?traditional?,more » mainly deterministic, design principles which have been established to assign a level of importance to a particular system, structure or component. This is followed by an overview of main risk importance measures for risk increase and risk decrease from current PRAs. Basic relations which exist among the measures are shown. Some of the current practical applications of risk importancemeasures from the field of NPP design, operation and regulation are discussed. The core of the monograph provides a discussion on theoreticalbackground and practical aspects of main risk importance measures at the level of ?component? as modeled in a PRA, starting from the simplest case, single basic event, and going toward more complexcases with multiple basic events and involvements in CCF groups. The intent is to express the component-level importance measures via theimportance measures and probabilities of the underlying single basic events, which are the inputs readily available from a PRA model andits results. Formulas are derived and discussed for some typical cases. The formulas and their results are demonstrated through some practicalexamples, done by means of a simplified PRA model developed in and run by RiskSpectrum? tool, which are presented in the appendices. The monograph concludes with discussion of limitations of the use of risk importance measures and a summary of component-level importance cases evaluated.« less
Direct conversion of nuclear radiation energy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Miley, George H.

1970-01-01

This book presents a comprehensive study of methods for converting nuclear radiationi directly without resorting to a heat cycle. The concepts discussed primarily involve direct collection of charged particles released by radioisotopes and by nuclear and thermonuclear reactors. Areas considered include basic energy conversion, charged-particle transport theory, secondary-electron emission, and leakage currents and associated problems. Applications to both nuclear instrumentaion and power sources are discussed. Problems are also included as an aid to the reader or for classroom use.
Preschools Under the Fair Labor Standards Act, July 1972.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Employment Standards Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. Wage and Hour Div.

This pamphlet provides general information concerning the application of the Fair Labor Standards Act to employees of preschool centers. Included is a discussion of: (1) Basic Monetary Requirements, including minimum wages and facilities furnished to the preschool employees, (2) Equal Pay Provisions, (3) Overtime, (4) Hours Worked, (5) Exemptions,…
Crossing the Internet Threshold: An Instructional Handbook. 2nd Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tennant, Roy; Ober, John; Lipow, Anne G.

This how-to manual for the beginning Internet user contains sections on: the authors; an overview of computer networking; Internet basics, including a glossary, information on getting connected and keeping current, and a bibliography; electronic mail, including electronic discussions and electronic journals: Internet Remote Login (Telnet); File…
Aerobic Digestion. Sludge Treatment and Disposal Course #166. Instructor's Guide [and] Student Workbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klopping, Paul H.

This lesson is a basic description of aerobic digestion. Topics presented include a general process overview discussion of a typical digester's components, factors influencing performance, operational controls, and biological considerations for successful operation. The lesson includes an instructor's guide and student workbook. The instructor's…
Softball Coaching.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lopiano, Donna; And Others

1981-01-01

A collection of articles provides current instructional information to softball players and coaches. Topics discussed in the series include practice, basic skills, defense, pitching, catching, offense, and warm-up exercises to be used in conjunction with other conditioning drills. (JN)
The Seven Deadly Sins of Online Microcomputing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

King, Alan

1989-01-01

Offers suggestions for avoiding common errors in online microcomputer use. Areas discussed include learning the basics; hardware protection; backup options; hard disk organization; software selection; file security; and the use of dedicated communications lines. (CLB)
Medicine.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ingelfinger, Franz J.

1980-01-01

Selected for discussion are certain advances in basic research and technologic innovation which shape the past, present, and future of medical care. Included are infectious diseases, especially hepatitis, immunology, clinical disorders of the immune system and the histocompatability system. (Author/SA)
Computed tomography, magnetic resonance, and ultrasound imaging: basic principles, glossary of terms, and patient safety.

PubMed

Cogbill, Thomas H; Ziegelbein, Kurt J

2011-02-01

The basic principles underlying computed tomography, magnetic resonance, and ultrasound are reviewed to promote better understanding of the properties and appropriate applications of these 3 common imaging modalities. A glossary of frequently used terms for each technique is appended for convenience. Risks to patient safety including contrast-induced nephropathy, radiation-induced malignancy, and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis are discussed. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Business Process Reengineering in the Inventory Management to Improve Aircraft Maintenance Operations in the Indonesian Air Force

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-06-01

research will cover an overview of business process engineering (BPR) and operation management . The focus will be on the basic process of BPR, inventory...management and improvement of the process of business operation management to appropriately provide a basic model for the Indonesian Air Force in...discuss the operation management aspects of inventory management and process improvement, including Economic Order Quantity, Material Requirement
Converting baker's waste into alcohol. Revised final progress report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Halsey, R.; Wilson, P.B.

All types of baker's waste (including waste from candy manufacturers) can be converted into alcohol to be used as a fuel. All types of waste at any stage in process can be converted, such as: basic ingredients (including floor sweepings); dry mixes (including floor sweepings); dough at any stage; partially or fully cooked products; and day old returned products. The basic steps are the same, only the initial preparation will vary slightly. The variation will be: amount of water to be added and amount and type of nutrients (if any) to be added. The basic steps are: slurrying, liquefying tomore » put starch into liquid state, saccharifying to convert starch into fermentable sugars, fermentation to convert sugars into alcohol, and distillation to separate the alcohol from the mash. Each step is discussed in detail along with problems that may arise. Directions are given and materials (enzymes, yeast, etc.) and equipment are descibed briefly.« less
Operational health physics training

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1992-06-01

The initial four sections treat basic information concerning atomic structure and other useful physical quantities, natural radioactivity, the properties of {alpha}, {beta}, {gamma}, x rays and neutrons, and the concepts and units of radiation dosimetry (including SI units). Section 5 deals with biological effects and the risks associated with radiation exposure. Background radiation and man-made sources are discussed next. The basic recommendations of the ICRP concerning dose limitations: justification, optimization (ALARA concepts and applications) and dose limits are covered in Section seven. Section eight is an expanded version of shielding, and the internal dosimetry discussion has been extensively revised tomore » reflect the concepts contained in the MIRD methodology and ICRP 30. The remaining sections discuss the operational health physics approach to monitoring radiation. Individual sections include radiation detection principles, instrument operation and counting statistics, health physics instruments and personnel monitoring devices. The last five sections deal with the nature of, operation principles of, health physics aspects of, and monitoring approaches to air sampling, reactors, nuclear safety, gloveboxes and hot cells, accelerators and x ray sources. Decontamination, waste disposal and transportation of radionuclides are added topics. Several appendices containing constants, symbols, selected mathematical topics, and the Chart of the Nuclides, and an index have been included.« less
Charged dust phenomena in the near-Earth space environment.

PubMed

Scales, W A; Mahmoudian, A

2016-10-01

Dusty (or complex) plasmas in the Earth's middle and upper atmosphere ultimately result in exotic phenomena that are currently forefront research issues in the space science community. This paper presents some of the basic criteria and fundamental physical processes associated with the creation, evolution and dynamics of dusty plasmas in the near-Earth space environment. Recent remote sensing techniques to probe naturally created dusty plasma regions are also discussed. These include ground-based experiments employing high-power radio wave interaction. Some characteristics of the dusty plasmas that are actively produced by space-borne aerosol release experiments are discussed. Basic models that may be used to investigate the characteristics of such dusty plasma regions are presented.
Modeling of Economy Considering Crisis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Petrov, Lev F.

2009-09-01

We discuss main modeling's problems of economy dynamic processes and the reason forecast's absence of economic crisis. We present a structure of complexity level of system and models and discuss expected results concerning crisis phenomena. We formulate the basic perspective directions of the mathematical modeling of economy, including possibility of the analysis of the pre crisis, crisis and post crisis phenomena in economic systems.
Now See Hear! Applying Communications to Teaching. Profiles in Practical Education No. 9.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abbey, David S.

This is a study which presents analysis and discussion of many of the facets of communication. The study is directed towards people who have been or will be in a teaching/learning situation, in or outside of the classroom. There are chapters on a basic model of communication, message systems (these include discussions of feedback, meaning, time…
Measurement techniques investigated for detection of hydrogen chloride gas in ambient air

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gregory, G. L.

1976-01-01

Nine basic techniques are discussed, ranging from concentration (parts per million) to dosage only (parts per million-seconds) measurement techniques. Data for each technique include lower detection limit, response time, instrument status, and in some cases, specificity. Several techniques discussed can detect ambient hydrogen chloride concentrations below 1 part per million with a response time of seconds.
Updating the limit efficiency of silicon solar cells

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wolf, M.

1979-01-01

Evaluation of the limit efficiency based on the simplest, most basic mathematical method that is appropriate for the conditions imposed by the cell model is discussed. The methodology, the solar cell structure, and the selection of the material parameters used in the evaluation are described. The results are discussed including a set of design goals derived from the limit efficiency.
Pragmatic Transfer.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kasper, Gabriele

1992-01-01

Attempting to clarify the concept of pragmatic transfer, this article proposes as a basic distinction Leech/Thomas' dichotomy of sociopragmatics versus pragmalinguistics, presenting evidence for transfer at both levels. Issues discussed include pragmatic universals in speech act realization, conditions for pragmatic transfer, communicative…
Basic relationships for LTA economic analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ausrotas, R. A.

1975-01-01

Operating costs based on data of actual and proposed airships for conventional lighter than air craft (LTA) are presented. An economic comparison of LTA with the B-47F is included, and possible LTA economic trends are discussed.
Polyimide foams provide thermal insulation and fire protection

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rosser, R. W.

1972-01-01

Chemical reactions to produce polyimide foams for application as thermal insulation and fire prevention materials are discussed. Thermal and physical properties of the polyimides are described. Methods for improving basic formulations to produce desired qualitites are included.

Detroit Pursues Training with a Purpose.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, William B.

1978-01-01

This article presents a six-week basic training course implemented in Detroit for operation and maintenance of a newly upgraded wastewater treatment plant. Each phase of the program, including manual preparation and use, is outlined and discussed. (CS)
Language Development Resources for Bilingual Bicultural Education: An Aid to Primary Teachers of Mexican American Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dissemination and Assessment Center for Bilingual Education, Austin, TX.

This resource guide is designed as an aid to primary teachers of Mexican-American children. Besides including basic introductory material, the volume provides suggestions for parent involvement, classroom learning activity centers, and extensive resource materials. Classroom learning activity centers include: Art, Book, Communication, Discussion,…
Research Methods in Health, Physical Education, and Recreation. Third Revised Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hubbard, Alfred W., Ed.

This book presents new ideas and approaches in research techniques in the areas of health, physical education, and recreation. Part 1, the introduction, includes two articles, which are "Why This Research?" by Arthur H. Steinhaus and "Overview of Research: Basic Principles" by Benjamin H. Massey. Part 2, discusses preparations and includes the…
Anaerobic Digestion II. Sludge Treatment and Disposal Course #166. Instructor's Guide [and] Student Workbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arasmith, E. E.

This lesson is the second of a two-part series on anaerobic digestion. Topics discussed include classification of digester by function, roof design, and temperature range, mixing systems, gas system components, operational control basics, and general safety considerations. The lesson includes an instructor's guide and student workbook. The…
Techniques for Submitting Successful Proposals for SHAPE America National Conventions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stevens-Smith, Deborah

2016-01-01

This article covers the basic components of the submission process before submitting a proposal for the SHAPE America national convention. The article discusses various techniques specific to the process, including the unique discipline areas. Other issues addressed include an understanding of the SHAPE America review process and how it works,…
The role of universities in energy and environmental R & D: An extended outline

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Drucker, H.

1995-12-31

Issues related to university research and development roles in energy and environmental areas are very briefly outlined in the paper. Fundamental issues discussed include basic versus applied science, and applied science versus technology development. Some specific issues appropriate for university research are identified, such as desulfurizing coal and managing mixed wastes in groundwater. The Plant Biotechnology consortium is described as a model that builds on university strengths in basic and applied technology.
Development of an external ceramic insulation for the space shuttle orbiter. Part 2: Optimization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tanzilli, R. A. (Editor)

1973-01-01

The basic insulation improvement study concentrated upon evaluating variables which could result in significant near-term gains in mechanical behavior and insulation effectiveness of the baseline system. The approaches undertaken included: evaluation of small diameter fibers, optimization of binder: slurry characteristics, evaluation of techniques for controlling fiber orientation, optimization of firing cycle, and the evaluation of methods for improving insulation efficiency. A detailed discussion of these basic insulation improvement studies is presented.
Electrolysis of lunar soil to produce oxygen and metals

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Colson, Russell O.; Haskin, Larry A.; Keller, R.

1991-01-01

The discussion of melt electrolysis consists of three sections. The implications of the chemistry and physics of fluxed and raw melts on melt electrolysis are discussed first. This includes discussion of the factor that influence melt resistivity, melt viscosity, oxygen production efficiency, and the theoretical energy required to produce oxygen. Second, the implications of phase equilibria and solubilities in silicate melts on the selection of materials for container and electrodes are discussed. The implications of proposed container and electrode materials on melt composition and how this effects expected resistivities, viscosities, as outlined in the first section are discussed. Finally, a general discussion of the basic features of both the fluxed and unfluxed melt electrolysis is given, including their advantages and disadvantages and how they compare with alternative processes.
Gas-phase broadband spectroscopy using active sources: progress, status, and applications

PubMed Central

Cossel, Kevin C.; Waxman, Eleanor M.; Finneran, Ian A.; Blake, Geoffrey A.; Ye, Jun; Newbury, Nathan R.

2017-01-01

Broadband spectroscopy is an invaluable tool for measuring multiple gas-phase species simultaneously. In this work we review basic techniques, implementations, and current applications for broadband spectroscopy. We discuss components of broad-band spectroscopy including light sources, absorption cells, and detection methods and then discuss specific combinations of these components in commonly-used techniques. We finish this review by discussing potential future advances in techniques and applications of broad-band spectroscopy. PMID:28630530
Design study for a two-color beta measurement system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Design analysis of the beam splitter combined two color beta system is presented. Conventional and dichroic beam splitters are discussed. Design analysis of the beta system employing two beams with focusing at separate points is presented. Alterations and basic parameters of the two beam system are discussed. Alterations in the focus of the initial laser and the returning beams are also discussed. Heterodyne efficiencies for the on axis and off axis reflected radiation are included.
Application of redundancy in the Saturn 5 guidance and control system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Moore, F. B.; White, J. B.

1976-01-01

The Saturn launch vehicle's guidance and control system is so complex that the reliability of a simplex system is not adequate to fulfill mission requirements. Thus, to achieve the desired reliability, redundancy encompassing a wide range of types and levels was employed. At one extreme, the lowest level, basic components (resistors, capacitors, relays, etc.) are employed in series, parallel, or quadruplex arrangements to insure continued system operation in the presence of possible failure conditions. At the other extreme, the highest level, complete subsystem duplication is provided so that a backup subsystem can be employed in case the primary system malfunctions. In between these two extremes, many other redundancy schemes and techniques are employed at various levels. Basic redundancy concepts are covered to gain insight into the advantages obtained with various techniques. Points and methods of application of these techniques are included. The theoretical gain in reliability resulting from redundancy is assessed and compared to a simplex system. Problems and limitations encountered in the practical application of redundancy are discussed as well as techniques verifying proper operation of the redundant channels. As background for the redundancy application discussion, a basic description of the guidance and control system is included.
Knop's Solution Is Not What It Seems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hershey, David R.

2001-01-01

Discusses Knob's solution, which was considered the ideal plant growth solution in 1865, and recommends eliminating Knob's solution from active teaching. Describes solution culture basics including nutrient solutions, containers and aeration, and plants and light. (Contains 12 references.) (YDS)
The Thermal Decomposition of Basic Copper(II) Sulfate.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tanaka, Haruhiko; Koga, Nobuyoshi

1990-01-01

Discussed is the preparation of synthetic brochantite from solution and a thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis study of the thermal decomposition of this compound. Other analyses included are chemical analysis and IR spectroscopy. Experimental procedures and results are presented. (CW)
Light and Libraries.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scherer, Jeffrey

1999-01-01

Addresses how to integrate various types of light within the context of library design. Discusses light basics; the light spectrum; light measurement; reflectance; glare and brightness ratio; daylighting; electric lighting; and computer screens and lighting. Includes a checklist for plan review. (Author/LRW)
CD Recorders.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Falk, Howard

1998-01-01

Discussion of CD (compact disc) recorders describes recording applications, including storing large graphic files, creating audio CDs, and storing material downloaded from the Internet; backing up files; lifespan; CD recording formats; continuous recording; recording software; recorder media; vulnerability of CDs; basic computer requirements; and…
A Report of the Nuclear Engineering Division Sessions at the 1971 ASEE Annual Conference

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eckley, Wayne; Nelson, George W.

1972-01-01

Summarizes the discussions at the conference under the topics, Objective Criteria for the Future" and Teaching Concepts Basic to Nuclear Engineering." Includes comments from personnel representing universities, industries, and government laboratories. (TS)
Bright Idea: Solar Energy Primer.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Missouri State Dept. of Natural Resources, Jefferson City.

This booklet is intended to address questions most frequently asked about solar energy. It provides basic information and a starting point for prospective solar energy users. Information includes discussion of solar space heating, solar water heating, and solar greenhouses. (Author/RE)
Undergraduate Cross Registration.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grupe, Fritz H.

This report discusses various aspects of undergraduate cross-registration procedures, including the dimensions, values, roles and functions, basic assumptions, and facilitating and encouragment of cross-registration. Dimensions of cross-registration encompass financial exchange, eligibility, program limitations, type of grade and credit; extent of…
Computer Literacy for Teachers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sarapin, Marvin I.; Post, Paul E.

Basic concepts of computer literacy are discussed as they relate to industrial arts/technology education. Computer hardware development is briefly examined, and major software categories are defined, including database management, computer graphics, spreadsheet programs, telecommunications and networking, word processing, and computer assisted and…
Business Math without Tears.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Merchant, Ronald

1980-01-01

Describes a new course at Spokane Falls Community College which builds on and reviews basic business math and electronic calculator skills. Material is self-paced and includes work with metrics. Discusses student evaluation of the course and type of equipment used. (CT)

Experiments in ESP.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guerin, Stephen M.; Guerin, Clark L.

1979-01-01

Discusses a phenomenon called Extrasensory Perception (ESP) whereby information is gained directly by the mind without the use of the ordinary senses. Experiments in ESP and the basic equipment and methods are presented. Statistical evaluation of ESP experimental results are also included. (HM)
Project Career REACH: Marketing Strategies for Effective Guidance Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bollendorf, Marsha; And Others

1990-01-01

Outlines the practical marketing strategies used to implement Project Career REACH, a career development program for high school freshmen. Marketing basics for guidance programs are discussed, including mission analysis, market analysis, resource analysis, strategic planning, and evaluation. (TE)
Flying through Graphs: An Introduction to Graph Theory.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McDuffie, Amy Roth

2001-01-01

Presents an activity incorporating basic terminology, concepts, and solution methods of graph theory in the context of solving problems related to air travel. Discusses prerequisite knowledge and resources and includes a teacher's guide with a student worksheet. (KHR)
Basic Strategies for Mainstream Integration.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lawrence, Patrick A.

1988-01-01

Guidelines for effectively integrating learning-disabled or behavior problem students into regular classrooms are discussed. They include meetings between regular and special education teachers, class rules, discipline, clear directions, individualized instruction, direct instruction for skill acquisition, peer tutoring, structured activities,…
Expendable Launch Vehicles Briefing and Basic Rocketry Physics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Delgado, Luis G.

2010-01-01

This slide presentation is composed of two parts. The first part shows pictures of launch vehicles and lift offs or in the case of the Pegasus launch vehicle separations. The second part discusses the basic physics of rocketry, starting with Newton's three physical laws that form the basis for classical mechanics. It includes a review of the basic equations that define the physics of rocket science, such as total impulse, specific impulse, effective exhaust velocity, mass ratio, propellant mass fraction, and the equations that combine to arrive at the thrust of the rocket. The effect of atmospheric pressure is reviewed, as is the effect of propellant mix on specific impulse.
Contract Award on Initial Proposals

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-09-30

3 2. Competition in Contracting Act ... ......... 6 3. Federal Property and Administrative Services Act 10 B. Basic Rules for Award Without...Discussions Before CICA . 11 C. Basic Rules for Award Without Discussions After Passage of CICA .......... ........................ ... 12 D. Award...controlled by statute. This chapter will explore those statutes and their antecedents. The basic rules for awarding contracts without discussions
Basic and applied problems in developmental biology and immunobiology of cestode infections: Hymenolepis, Taenia and Echinococcus.

PubMed

Ito, A

2015-02-01

Differentiation and development of parasites, including longevity in host animals, are thought to be governed by host-parasite interactions. In this review, several topics on the developmental biology of cestode infections are discussed from immunobiological perspective with a focus on Hymenolepis, Taenia and Echinococcus infections. The basic premise of this review is that 'differentiation and development of cestodes' are somehow affected by host immune responses with an evolutionary history. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Computer Recreations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dewdney, A. K.

1989-01-01

Discussed are three examples of computer graphics including biomorphs, Truchet tilings, and fractal popcorn. The graphics are shown and the basic algorithm using multiple iteration of a particular function or mathematical operation is described. An illustration of a snail shell created by computer graphics is presented. (YP)
Camera Optics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ruiz, Michael J.

1982-01-01

The camera presents an excellent way to illustrate principles of geometrical optics. Basic camera optics of the single-lens reflex camera are discussed, including interchangeable lenses and accessories available to most owners. Several experiments are described and results compared with theoretical predictions or manufacturer specifications.…
Chlamydomonas: A Model Green Plant.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sheffield, E.

1985-01-01

Discusses the instructional potential of Chlamydomonas in providing a basis for a range of experimental investigations to illustrate basic biological phenomena. Describes the use of this algae genus in studies of population growth, photosynthesis, and mating behavior. Procedures for laboratory exercises are included. (ML)
System safety engineering analysis handbook

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ijams, T. E.

1972-01-01

The basic requirements and guidelines for the preparation of System Safety Engineering Analysis are presented. The philosophy of System Safety and the various analytic methods available to the engineering profession are discussed. A text-book description of each of the methods is included.
Educational Reform in Spain.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marchesi, Alvaro

1992-01-01

Reviews the Spanish educational system, focusing on reforms enacted in 1990. Discusses reform movement issues, including quality, curricular control, curricular homogeneity versus diversity, and influence of European context. Describes reform movement aims (i.e., extending basic education and modifying educational levels to improve quality) and…
Computer Networks and Networking: A Primer.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Collins, Mauri P.

1993-01-01

Provides a basic introduction to computer networks and networking terminology. Topics addressed include modems; the Internet; TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol); transmission lines; Internet Protocol numbers; network traffic; Fidonet; file transfer protocol (FTP); TELNET; electronic mail; discussion groups; LISTSERV; USENET;…
Monolayer boron-aluminum compacted sheet material

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sumner, E. V.

1973-01-01

The manufacturing techniques, basic materials used, and equipment required to produce monolayer boron-aluminum composites are described. Tentative materials and process specifications are included. Improvements in bonding and filament spacing obtained through use of brazing powder in the fugitive binder are discussed.
BASIC Matrix Operations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Digital Equipment Corp., Maynard, MA.

The curriculum materials and computer programs in this booklet introduce the idea of a matrix. They go on to discuss matrix operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication by a scalar, and matrix multiplication. The last section covers several contemporary applications of matrix multiplication, including problems of communication…
Career Development: Revolution, Reform, and Renaissance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patterson, John

1985-01-01

Discusses elements to be considered by career counselors, including robotics, fiber optics, biotechnology, space industry, transition from industry to information, expected labor shortage in the 1990s, population trends, and entrepreneurial explosion. Also describes four basic skills of the information society. (CT)
The use of lidar for stratospheric measurements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mccormick, M. P.

1977-01-01

Stratospheric measurements possible with ground-based, airborne, and satellite-borne lidar systems are reviewed. The instruments, basic equations, and formats normally used for various scattering and absorption phenomena measurements are presented including a discussion of elastic, resonance, Raman, and fluorescence scattering techniques.
WATER QUALITY IN SOURCE WATER, TREATMENT, AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

EPA Science Inventory

Most drinking water utilities practice the multiple-barrier concept as the guiding principle for providing safe water. This chapter discusses multiple barriers as they relate to the basic criteria for selecting and protecting source waters, including known and potential sources ...
Five Lectures on Nuclear Reactors Presented at Cal Tech

DOE R&D Accomplishments Database

Weinberg, Alvin M.

1956-02-10

The basic issues involved in the physics and engineering of nuclear reactors are summarized. Topics discussed include theory of reactor design, technical problems in power reactors, physical problems in nuclear power production, and future developments in nuclear power. (C.H.)
[Discussion on several basic issues of acupuncture-moxibustion science].

PubMed

Wang, Guangjun

2016-10-12

Nine basic issues on acupuncture-moxibustion science are discussed in this paper. The author believes those include the universal property of acupoints,the placebo effect of acupuncture and moxibustion,the continuous transmission of acupuncture information,the factors of the effects such as growth as well as acquired shape and properties,the classification evidence of acupoint function,the compatibility of acupoints,the change of functional state of acupoint and deqi . The universal property of acupoints means whether there is identical position of acupoint among different ethnic groups. The continuous transmission of acupuncture information is seen as whether the delivery which mainly shows as diffusion maintains active in special region and situation. The classification evidence of acupoint function refers to if there exists universal biological basis.

Why You're You, Teacher's Edition. Probing the Natural World/3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida State Univ., Tallahassee. Dept. of Science Education.

The teacher's edition for the Intermediate Science Curriculum Study Level III unit entitled "Why You're You" provides specific suggestions for teaching the seven chapters included in the unit. The unit deals primarily with the concepts of genetics and a brief discussion is included in the beginning about some of the basic ideas in this…
Cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome: Report of two cases.

PubMed

Abdalla, Wael; Panigrahy, Ashok; Bartoletti, Stefano C

2011-01-01

Cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome (CCMS) is a rare syndrome that includes a constellation of mandibular hypoplasia and posterior rib defects as its basic features. Additional features can include hearing loss, tracheal cartilage abnormalities, scoliosis, elbow hypoplasia, and spina bifida. Here we report two cases of CCMS and discuss the reported long-term outcome of the disease.
Metrics. A Basic Core Curriculum for Teaching Metrics to Vocational Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Albracht, James; Simmons, A. D.

This core curriculum contains five units for use in teaching metrics to vocational students. Included in the first unit are a series of learning activities to familiarize students with the terminology of metrics, including the prefixes and their values. Measures of distance and speed are covered. Discussed next are measures of volume used with…
Expert systems applied to fault isolation and energy storage management, phase 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1987-01-01

A user's guide for the Fault Isolation and Energy Storage (FIES) II system is provided. Included are a brief discussion of the background and scope of this project, a discussion of basic and advanced operating installation and problem determination procedures for the FIES II system and information on hardware and software design and implementation. A number of appendices are provided including a detailed specification for the microprocessor software, a detailed description of the expert system rule base and a description and listings of the LISP interface software.
Principles of Burn Pain Management.

PubMed

James, Dominika Lipowska; Jowza, Maryam

2017-10-01

This article describes pathophysiology of burn injury-related pain and the basic principles of burn pain management. The focus is on concepts of perioperative and periprocedural pain management with extensive discussion of opioid-based analgesia, including patient-controlled analgesia, challenges of effective opioid therapy in opioid-tolerant patients, and opioid-induced hyperalgesia. The principles of multimodal pain management are discussed, including the importance of psychological counseling, perioperative interventional pain procedures, and alternative pain management options. A brief synopsis of the principles of outpatient pain management is provided. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
[Approach to Evidence-based Medicine Exercises Using Flipped Teaching: Introductory Education for Clinical Practice for 4th-Year Pharmacy Students].

PubMed

Onda, Mitsuko; Takagaki, Nobumasa

2018-01-01

　Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences has included an evidence-based medicine (EBM) exercise in the introductory education for clinical practice for 4th-year pharmacy students since 2015. The purpose of this exercise is to learn the process of practice and basic concepts of EBM, especially to cultivate the practical ability to solve patients' problems and answer their questions. Additionally, in 2016, we have attempted flipped teaching. The students are instructed to review the basic knowledge necessary for active learning in this exercise by watching video teaching materials and to bring reports summarizing the contents on the flipped teaching days. The program includes short lectures [overview of EBM, document retrieval, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and systematic review], exercises [patient, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) structuring, critical appraisal of papers in small groups with tutors], and presentations. The program includes: step 1, PICO structuring based on scenarios; step 2, critical appraisal of English-language papers on RCTs using evaluation worksheets; and step 3, reviewing the results of the PICO exercise with patients. The results of the review are shared among groups through general discussion. In this symposium, I discuss students' attitudes, the effectiveness of small group discussions using flipped teaching, and future challenges to be addressed in this program.
Schema Versioning for Multitemporal Relational Databases.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

De Castro, Cristina; Grandi, Fabio; Scalas, Maria Rita

1997-01-01

Investigates new design options for extended schema versioning support for multitemporal relational databases. Discusses the improved functionalities they may provide. Outlines options and basic motivations for the new design solutions, as well as techniques for the management of proposed schema versioning solutions, includes algorithms and…
The Dark Side of Nuclear Arms Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jungerman, Nancy K.; Jungerman, John A.

1985-01-01

Outlines a course (offered jointly by physics and applied science departments) which focuses on basic physics and nuclear war effects. Due to the emotional impact of issues discussed in the course, faculty implemented a plan which included the use of counseling professionals. (DH)
Descriptive approaches to landscape analysis

Treesearch

R. Burton Litton Jr.

1979-01-01

Descriptive landscape analyses include various procedures used to document visual/scenic resources. Historic and regional examples of landscape description represent desirable insight for contemporary professional inventory work. Routed and areal landscape inventories are discussed as basic tools. From them, qualitative and quantitative evaluations can be developed...
Some Basics about Ethics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dean, Peter J.

1994-01-01

Discussion of ethics focuses on the role of human performance technology professionals in helping corporate ethicists. Highlights include definitions of ethics, morals, values, and business ethics; ethics in academia and in business; and application of the knowledge of ethics to decision-making. (Contains 18 references.) (LRW)
Magnetic Recording.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lowman, Charles E.

A guide to the technology of magnetic recorders used in such fields as audio recording, broadcast and closed-circuit television, instrumentation recording, and computer data systems is presented. Included are discussions of applications, advantages, and limitations of magnetic recording, its basic principles and theory of operation, and its…
GASB 35: The New Financial Reporting Requirements for Public College and Universities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Qayoumi, Mohammad H.

2001-01-01

Presents the basic financial reporting elements of the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB-35) for public colleges and universities, including statements of net assets and cash flow reporting. The GASB-35's impact on facilities managers is discussed. (GR)
The Changing Climate.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schneider, Stephen H.

1989-01-01

Discusses the global change of climate. Presents the trend of climate change with graphs. Describes mathematical climate models including expressions for the interacting components of the ocean-atmosphere system and equations representing the basic physical laws governing their behavior. Provides three possible responses on the change. (YP)
Counting Penguins.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perry, Mike; Kader, Gary

1998-01-01

Presents an activity on the simplification of penguin counting by employing the basic ideas and principles of sampling to teach students to understand and recognize its role in statistical claims. Emphasizes estimation, data analysis and interpretation, and central limit theorem. Includes a list of items for classroom discussion. (ASK)
Computerized Clinical Simulations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reinecker, Lynn

1985-01-01

Describes technique involved in designing a clinical simulation problem for the allied health field of respiratory therapy; discusses the structure, content, and scoring categories of the simulation; and provides a sample program which illustrates a programming technique in BASIC, including a program listing and a sample flowchart. (MBR)
Using Visual Basic to Teach Programming for Geographers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Slocum, Terry A.; Yoder, Stephen C.

1996-01-01

Outlines reasons why computer programming should be taught to geographers. These include experience using macro (scripting) languages and sophisticated visualization software, and developing a deeper understanding of general hardware and software capabilities. Discusses the distinct advantages and few disadvantages of the programming language…
A Future-Oriented, Globally Based Curriculum Model for Industrial Technology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hacker, Michael

1982-01-01

Presents a future-oriented curriculum approach for industrial technology programs. Major global issues provide the basic structure for curriculum development. These issues include energy management, resource management, technological advancement, and international relations. Rationales for industrial technology are discussed and a curriculum…
Creating Effective Type for the Classroom.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fitzsimons, Dennis

1989-01-01

Defines basic typographic terminology and offers two classroom projects using microcomputers to create and use type. Discusses typeface, type families, type style, type size, and type font. Examples of student projects that include the creation of bulletin board displays and page-size maps. (KO)
A Computer-Aided Abstracting Tool Kit.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Craven, Timothy C.

1993-01-01

Reports on the development of a prototype computerized abstractor's assistant called TEXNET, a text network management system. Features of the system discussed include semantic dependency links; displays of text structure; basic text editing; extracting; weighting methods; and listings of frequent words. (Contains 25 references.) (LRW)
Modelling Truck Camper Production

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kramlich, G. R., II; Kobylski, G.; Ahner, D.

2008-01-01

This note describes an interdisciplinary project designed to enhance students' knowledge of the basic techniques taught in a multivariable calculus course. The note discusses the four main requirements of the project and then the solutions for each requirement. Concepts covered include differentials, gradients, Lagrange multipliers, constrained…

Medical Imaging with Ultrasound: Some Basic Physics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gosling, R.

1989-01-01

Discussed are medical applications of ultrasound. The physics of the wave nature of ultrasound including its propagation and production, return by the body, spatial and contrast resolution, attenuation, image formation using pulsed echo ultrasound techniques, measurement of velocity and duplex scanning are described. (YP)
Safeguarding Databases Basic Concepts Revisited.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cardinali, Richard

1995-01-01

Discusses issues of database security and integrity, including computer crime and vandalism, human error, computer viruses, employee and user access, and personnel policies. Suggests some precautions to minimize system vulnerability such as careful personnel screening, audit systems, passwords, and building and software security systems. (JKP)
Tailoring the Preparticipation Exam to Female Athletes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Mimi D.

1992-01-01

Discusses the basics of the preparticipation exam, focusing on aspects specific to females, such as menstrual dysfunction, disordered eating, and orthopedic problems such as scoliosis and patellofemoral pain. Health history questionnaire and other parts of the exam are included in six tables. (SM)
Research for and by Practitioners.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Templin, Thomas J.; And Others

1992-01-01

Seven articles discuss research by and for practitioners. The topics include demystification of research for practitioners, experiences with helping teacher researchers, an application of a collaborative action research model, one health practitioner's experience, creating a dance research database, basic data analysis for nonresearchers, and why…
The Energy Crisis: A New Chemistry Course for Nonscience Majors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Piraino, Marie J.

1974-01-01

Describes a course structured around nuclear energy, fossil fuel energy, food energy, and the population explosion. The course uses classroom discussion and laboratory sessions to stress basic chemical principles and relevance to the student. A topical outline is included. (GS)
Developing Economic Literacy: A Challenge for Business Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ristau, Robert A.

1985-01-01

This article describes the framework and the methodology necessary to instill sound principles of economic understanding in business education students. Basic economic concepts are listed and discussed, as well as effective educational delivery systems such as games and simulations (examples are included). (CT)
Teaching Guidebook: An Introduction to Some Basics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blake, Veronica M.; Dinham, Sarah M.

A teaching guide designed for use by new university teaching assistants provides help in preparing for and carrying out instructional responsibilities. Separate chapters give guidance with: preparing the course description and syllabus, including writing objectives; selecting teaching strategies (lecture, discussion, and laboratory experience);…
Non-Gaussian and Multivariate Noise Models for Signal Detection.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-09-01

follow, some of the basic results of asymptotic "theory are presented. both to make the notation clear. and to give some i ~ background for the...densities are considered within a detection framework. The discussions include specific examples and also some general methods of density generation ...densities generated by a memoryless, nonlinear transformation of a correlated, Gaussian source is discussed in some detail. A member of this class has the
Modelling utility-scale wind power plants. Part 1: Economics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Milligan, Michael R.

1999-10-01

As the worldwide use of wind turbine generators continues to increase in utility-scale applications, it will become increasingly important to assess the economic and reliability impact of these intermittent resources. Although the utility industry in the United States appears to be moving towards a restructured environment, basic economic and reliability issues will continue to be relevant to companies involved with electricity generation. This article is the first of two which address modelling approaches and results obtained in several case studies and research projects at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). This first article addresses the basic economic issues associated with electricity production from several generators that include large-scale wind power plants. An important part of this discussion is the role of unit commitment and economic dispatch in production cost models. This paper includes overviews and comparisons of the prevalent production cost modelling methods, including several case studies applied to a variety of electric utilities. The second article discusses various methods of assessing capacity credit and results from several reliability-based studies performed at NREL.
Outcome modelling strategies in epidemiology: traditional methods and basic alternatives

PubMed Central

Greenland, Sander; Daniel, Rhian; Pearce, Neil

2016-01-01

Abstract Controlling for too many potential confounders can lead to or aggravate problems of data sparsity or multicollinearity, particularly when the number of covariates is large in relation to the study size. As a result, methods to reduce the number of modelled covariates are often deployed. We review several traditional modelling strategies, including stepwise regression and the ‘change-in-estimate’ (CIE) approach to deciding which potential confounders to include in an outcome-regression model for estimating effects of a targeted exposure. We discuss their shortcomings, and then provide some basic alternatives and refinements that do not require special macros or programming. Throughout, we assume the main goal is to derive the most accurate effect estimates obtainable from the data and commercial software. Allowing that most users must stay within standard software packages, this goal can be roughly approximated using basic methods to assess, and thereby minimize, mean squared error (MSE). PMID:27097747
The Responses of Gay and Straight Readers to YA Novels about Homosexuality.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Dean R.

If the basic idea behind multicultural education is to teach students to understand, appreciate, and accept people who are different, then educators may need to broaden the scope of who is included as a minority. They may need to include discussions about sexual orientation. A study involving seven female and four male adolescents--five of whom…
Education for Child Survival and Development in Africa. UNESCO-UNICEF Co-operative Programme Digest No. 20.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kagia, Ruth; And Others

Collected in this digest are nine articles concerning education for child survival and development in Africa. Topics include: (1) the role of basic education in the promotion of child survival and development; (2) child health in Eastern and Southern Africa, including discussions of problems, interventions, and the role of education for health;…
The Human-Computer Interface and Information Literacy: Some Basics and Beyond.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Church, Gary M.

1999-01-01

Discusses human/computer interaction research, human/computer interface, and their relationships to information literacy. Highlights include communication models; cognitive perspectives; task analysis; theory of action; problem solving; instructional design considerations; and a suggestion that human/information interface may be a more appropriate…
The Plain Rapper. Revised.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New Hampshire Educational Media Association, Concord.

This is a guide to policies and procedures for instructional material selection and reconsideration for school media personnel. It includes the basic statements, interpretations, writings, and forms from national library and teacher organizations. A major section discusses legal precedents in the area of intellectual freedom, in addition to…
What Should Instructional Designers Know about General Systems Theory?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Salisbury, David F.

1989-01-01

Describes basic concepts in the field of general systems theory (GST) and explains the relationship between instructional systems design (ISD) and GST. Benefits of integrating GST into the curriculum of ISD graduate programs are discussed, and a short bibliography on GST is included. (LRW)
Girls Physical Education Handbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fairfax County Schools, VA.

This handbook was designed to provide the student with basic information for various individual, dual, and team sports. The individual and dual sports which are discussed include archery, badminton, creative dance, fencing, golf, gymnastics, and games such as deck tennis, table tennis, horseshoes, and shuffledboard. Basketball, field hockey,…
Specific Syndromes and Associated Communication Disorders: A Review.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sanger, Dixie D.; And Others

1984-01-01

The review, intended to provide speech-language pathologists and special educators with an awareness of genetics and specific syndromes involving speech, language, and hearing components, discusses basic etiologies of abnormal development and selected syndromes (such as Down's and Klinefelter's) that include communication disorders. (CL)
Schoolyard Symbiosis.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allard, David W.

1996-01-01

Discusses different types of symbiosis--mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism--and examples of each type including lichens, legumes, mistletoe, and epiphytes. Describes how teachers can use these examples in the study of symbiosis which allows teachers to focus on many basic concepts in evolution, cell biology, ecology, and other fields of…
Temperature Control. Honeywell Planning Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Honeywell, Inc., Minneapolis, Minn.

Presents planning considerations in selecting proper temperature control systems. Various aspects are discussed including--(1) adequate environmental control, (2) adequate control area, (3) control system design, (4) operators rate their systems, (5) type of control components, (6) basic control system, (7) automatic control systems, and (8)…
Consulting Basics for the Teacher-Turned-Technology Consultant.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stager, Sue; Green, Kathy

1988-01-01

Discusses the role of educational technology consultants who may be classroom teachers with no formal training in consulting. Consulting models are described, including content-oriented and process-oriented approaches; Schein's process facilitator model is examined; and Kurpius' consulting model is explained and expanded. (LRW)

Evolution & Diversity in Plants.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pearson, Lorentz C.

1988-01-01

Summarizes recent findings that help in understanding how evolution has brought about the diversity of plant life that presently exists. Discusses basic concepts of evolution, diversity and classification, the three-line hypothesis of plant evolution, the origin of fungi, and the geologic time table. Included are 31 references. (CW)
A Humanities and Medicine Program for Faculty.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Loftus, Loretta S.; And Others

1991-01-01

The da Vinci Society provides a format for integration of the humanities, arts, medical education, and clinical practice. The critical discussion group, whose meetings' atmosphere is informal and collegial, includes basic science faculty, academic clinicians, private practice physicians, allied health personnel, and occasional visiting artists.…
Patents & Inventions: An Information Aid for Inventors. Revised Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patent Office (DOC), Washington, DC.

This pamphlet explains what a patent is, discusses the importance of patents, and gives basic steps to take in obtaining a patent. A section on marketing and developing inventions is also included along with answers to questions frequently asked concerning patents and inventions. (MN)
Initiating and Managing University-Based International Research and Development Activities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson, Marla P.

1987-01-01

Initiating and managing international research and development are discussed, including: basic principles for participation in international development activities; AID and World Bank project cycles; AID and World Bank contracting modes and instruments; and international contract negotiations. Some reference sources are appended. (MLW)
76 FR 31945 - DOE/NSF Nuclear Science Advisory Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-02

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY DOE/NSF Nuclear Science Advisory Committee AGENCY: Department of Energy.../NSF Nuclear Science Advisory Committee (NSAC). The Federal Advisory Committee Act (Pub. L. 92-463, 86... the field of basic nuclear science research. Tentative Agenda: Agenda will include discussions of the...
Protecting Public-Access Computers in Libraries.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

King, Monica

1999-01-01

Describes one public library's development of a computer-security plan, along with helpful products used. Discussion includes Internet policy, physical protection of hardware, basic protection of the operating system and software on the network, browser dilemmas and maintenance, creating clear intuitive interface, and administering fair use and…
Rethinking Recycling: Why Teach about Garbage?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clearing, 1993

1993-01-01

Ties environmental education, via garbage disposal issues, to Oregon's educational reform agenda. Discusses teaching the basics through "garbage" lessons. Includes how to (1) take an interdisciplinary approach; (2) introduce waste management concepts in other lessons; (3) use waste management examples to apply existing concepts; and (4)…
The Impact of Computing in Education in Korea.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huh, Unna

1993-01-01

Discusses educational computing in Korea to be used for improving the teaching-learning process, improving science education, and preparing for an information society. Highlights include government, higher education, and private company support; basic objectives and long-term planning for educational computing; software applications; and future…
Development Education and Disarmament Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burns, Robin

1981-01-01

Discusses development education as an educational process aimed at preparing people for participation in change and examines the implications for disarmament education. Development education is interpreted to include adult literacy education as well as a system of spreading basic concepts and encouraging and developing local initiatives. (DB)
The role of failure/problems in engineering: A commentary of failures experienced - lessons learned

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ryan, R. S.

1992-01-01

The written version of a series of seminars given to several aerospace companies and three NASA centers are presented. The results are lessons learned through a study of the problems experienced in 35 years of engineering. The basic conclusion is that the primary cause of problems has not been mission technologies, as important as technology is, but the neglect of basic principles. Undergirding this is the lack of a systems focus from determining requirements through design, verification, and operations phases. Many of the concepts discussed are fundamental to total quality management (TQM) and can be used to augment this product enhanced philosophy. Fourteen principles are addressed with problems experienced and are used as examples. Included is a discussion of the implication of constraints, poorly defined requirements, and schedules. Design guidelines, lessons learned, and future tasks are listed. Two additional sections are included that deal with personal lessons learned and thoughts on future thrusts (TQM).
How to write an introduction section of a scientific article?

PubMed

Armağan, Abdullah

2013-09-01

An article primarily includes the following sections: introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, and conclusion. Before writing the introduction, the main steps, the heading and the familiarity level of the readers should be considered. Writing should begin when the experimental system and the equipment are available. The introduction section comprises the first portion of the manuscript, and it should be written using the simple present tense. Additionally, abbreviations and explanations are included in this section. The main goal of the introduction is to convey basic information to the readers without obligating them to investigate previous publications and to provide clues as to the results of the present study. To do this, the subject of the article should be thoroughly reviewed, and the aim of the study should be clearly stated immediately after discussing the basic references. In this review, we aim to convey the principles of writing the introduction section of a manuscript to residents and young investigators who have just begun to write a manuscript.
Programmer's manual for MMLE3, a general FORTRAN program for maximum likelihood parameter estimation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Maine, R. E.

1981-01-01

The MMLE3 is a maximum likelihood parameter estimation program capable of handling general bilinear dynamic equations of arbitrary order with measurement noise and/or state noise (process noise). The basic MMLE3 program is quite general and, therefore, applicable to a wide variety of problems. The basic program can interact with a set of user written problem specific routines to simplify the use of the program on specific systems. A set of user routines for the aircraft stability and control derivative estimation problem is provided with the program. The implementation of the program on specific computer systems is discussed. The structure of the program is diagrammed, and the function and operation of individual routines is described. Complete listings and reference maps of the routines are included on microfiche as a supplement. Four test cases are discussed; listings of the input cards and program output for the test cases are included on microfiche as a supplement.
Bipolar Nickel-hydrogen Batteries for Aerospace Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Koehler, C. W.; Vanommering, G.; Puester, N. H.; Puglisi, V. J.

1984-01-01

A bipolar nickel-hydrogen battery which effectively addresses all key requirements for a spacecraft power system, including long-term reliability and low mass, is discussed. The design of this battery is discussed in the context of system requirements and nickel-hydrogen battery technology in general. To achieve the ultimate goal of an aerospace application of a bipolar Ni-H2 battery several objectives must be met in the design and development of the system. These objectives include: maximization of reliability and life; high specific energy and energy density; reasonable cost of manufacture, test, and integration; and ease in scaling for growth in power requirements. These basic objectives translate into a number of specific design requirements, which are discussed.
On the status of knowledge for using punishment implications for treating behavior disorders.

PubMed Central

Lerman, Dorothea C; Vorndran, Christina M

2002-01-01

In this paper, we review basic and applied findings on punishment and discuss the importance of conducting further research in this area. The characteristics of responding during punishment and numerous factors that interact with basic processes are delineated in conjunction with implications for the treatment of behavior disorders in clinical populations. We conclude that further understanding of punishment processes is needed to develop a highly systematic, effective technology of behavior change, including strategies for improving the efficacy of less intrusive procedures and for successfully fading treatment. PMID:12555918
Copyright Law Basics for the Nursing Professional: Part 1: Using the Work of Others.

PubMed

LaVelle, Meghan B; LaVelle, Beth Elchek; Port, Kenneth L; Sherlock, Jacob T

2015-01-01

This article covers the basics of Copyright Law as applicable to the use of protected resources and the sharing of information by nurse professionals. It explores frequently cited justifications for copyright violation, including the doctrine of Fair Use and the Technology and Copyright Harmonization Act. It also discusses why those justifications may or may not apply to the nurse professional who teaches in a clinical setting or at a conference.(See CE Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/JNPD/A2).
Laminated anisotropic reinforced plastic plates and shells

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Korolev, V. I.

1981-01-01

Basic technical theories and engineering calculation equations for anisotropic plates and shells made of rigid reinforced plastics, mainly laminated fiberglass, are presented and discussed. Solutions are given for many problems of design of structural plates and shells, including curved sections and tanks, as well as two chapters on selection of the optimum materials, are given. Accounting for interlayer shearing and transverse separation, which are new engineering properties, are discussed. Application of the results obtained to thin three ply plates and shells wth a light elastic filler is presented and discussed.
Is there a duty for private employers to provide emergency mental health care services?

PubMed

Langlieb, Tammara F; Langlieb, Alan M; Everly, George S

2006-01-01

This article presents a discussion of whether employers in private companies have a duty to provide an emergency action plan with a mental health component for its employees. It discusses basic negligence concepts and focuses mainly on the "duty of care" component of negligence. It then applies the negligence concepts to private employers and discusses how private companies arguably might have a duty under the laws of negligence to provide employees with an emergency action plan, specifically a plan including mental health provisions.
Mass storage system experiences and future needs at the National Center for Atmospheric Research

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Olear, Bernard T.

1991-01-01

A summary and viewgraphs of a discussion presented at the National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC) Mass Storage Workshop is included. Some of the experiences of the Scientific Computing Division at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) dealing the the 'data problem' are discussed. A brief history and a development of some basic mass storage system (MSS) principles are given. An attempt is made to show how these principles apply to the integration of various components into NCAR's MSS. Future MSS needs for future computing environments is discussed.
Notes on the Lasting Effects of Early Child Abuse throughout the Life Cycle.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steele, Brandt F.

1986-01-01

Common themes in research on individuals who were abused as children are reviewed, noting transmission of a basic inability to provide good parenting. Psychological residues are discussed (including low self-esteem) along with delinquency, depression, attachment disorders, and sexual abuse. (CL)
How-To-Do-It: Recombinant DNA Technology in the High School Biology Laboratory.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Myers, Richard

1988-01-01

Describes a basic biotechnology investigation that includes restriction and ligation of plasmid DNA, transformation of bacteria and cloning of these bacterial cells. Discusses laboratory procedures and another activity in the identification of unknown plasmids by studying agarose gel electrophoresis photographs. (CW)

Audiovisual Fundamentals; Basic Equipment Operation and Simple Materials Production.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bullard, John R.; Mether, Calvin E.

A guide illustrated with simple sketches explains the functions and step-by-step uses of audiovisual (AV) equipment. Principles of projection, audio, AV equipment, lettering, limited-quantity and quantity duplication, and materials preservation are outlined. Apparatus discussed include overhead, opaque, slide-filmstrip, and multiple-loading slide…
The Christian University: Defining the Difference.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schwehn, Mark R.

2000-01-01

The author, a dean at Valpariso University in Indiana (affiliated with the Lutheran church), addresses a Catholic conference on higher education. He identifies and discusses basic constitutive beliefs of Catholic and Protestant Christian education, including unity of the cosmos, universality of human nature and divine love, and the integral…
Technology's Role in Security.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Day, C. William

1999-01-01

Examines the use of technology to bolster the school security system, tips on selecting a security consultant, and several basic strategies to make buildings and grounds safer. Technological ideas discussed include the use of telephones in classrooms to expedite care in emergency situations, surveillance cameras to reduce crime, and metal…
Harvesting wood for energy.

Treesearch

Rodger A. Arola; Edwin W. Miyata

1981-01-01

Illustrates the potential of harvesting wood for industrial energy, based on the results of five harvesting studies. Presents information on harvesting operations, equipment costs, and productivity. Discusses mechanized thinning of hardwoods, clearcutting of low-value stands and recovery of hardwood tops and limbs. Also includes basic information on the physical and...
A Large-Scale Evaluation of an Intelligent Discovery World: Smithtown.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shute, Valerie J.; Glaser, Robert

1990-01-01

Presents an evaluation of "Smithtown," an intelligent tutoring system designed to teach inductive inquiry skills and principles of basic microeconomics. Two studies of individual differences in learning are described, including a comparison of knowledge acquisition with traditional instruction; hypotheses tested are discussed; and the…
NMR of lignins

Treesearch

John Ralph; Larry L. Landucci

2010-01-01

This chapter will consider the basic aspects and findings of several forms of NMR spectroscopy, including separate discussions of proton, carbon, heteronuclear, and multidimensional NMR. Enhanced focus will be on 13C NMR, because of its qualitative and quantitative importance, followed by NMRâs contributions to our understanding of lignin...
Teaching Ecological Interactions with Mud Dauber Nests.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Matthews, Robert W.

1997-01-01

Describes the use of mud dauber wasp nests in laboratory activities in ecology and behavior and life science classes. Provides students with an opportunity to develop and practice basic skills including dissection, identification, observation, measurement, and communication. Discusses the life of mud daubers, obtaining and storing nests,…
The Chemistry of Fitness. Active Activities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bergandine, David R.; And Others

1991-01-01

The outline for a unit on the chemistry of fitness and nutrition is presented. Topics discussed include the organic basis of life, functional groups, kitchen experiments, micronutrients, energetics, fitness vs. fatness, current topics, and evaluation. This unit reviews the basic concepts of chemical bonding, acid-base chemistry, stoichiometry, and…
Databases: Beyond the Basics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Whittaker, Robert

This presented paper offers an elementary description of database characteristics and then provides a survey of databases that may be useful to the teacher and researcher in Slavic and East European languages and literatures. The survey focuses on commercial databases that are available, usable, and needed. Individual databases discussed include:…
Basic Research in Information Science in France.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chambaud, S.; Le Coadic, Y. F.

1987-01-01

Discusses the goals of French academic research policy in the field of information science, emphasizing the interdisciplinary nature of the field. Areas of research highlighted include communication, telecommunications, co-word analysis in scientific and technical documents, media, and statistical methods for the study of social sciences. (LRW)
Managing a Public Library. Parts I and II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aronoff, Carol; Cart, Michael

1985-01-01

Discusses factors that contribute to Santa Monica Public Library's excellence, including supportive city government and citizenry, city council, library board, lean top management, and the basic management team. Specific management principles and techniques, public relations, and measures of service at Beverly Hills Public Library are also…
Prioritizing Training To Maximize Results: The 3 Box System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kearns, Paul

2003-01-01

Considers fundamentals of effective training and focuses on the evaluation of training. Describes the 3 Box System, which provides a framework for discussing: (1) basic training needs and priorities; (2) added value training, including ROI (return on investment); evaluation; and (3) prioritizing training budgets. (LRW)
Searching U.S. Patents: Core Collection and Suggestions for Service.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harwell, Kevin R.

1993-01-01

Provides fundamental information about patents, describes effective and affordable reference resources, and discusses specific issues in providing patent information services to inventors and other patrons. Basic resources, including CD-ROM products, patent classification and searching resources, and other search tools are described in an…
Running TCP/IP over ATM Networks.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Witt, Michael

1995-01-01

Discusses Internet protocol (IP) and subnets and describes how IP may operate over asynchronous transfer mode (ATM). Topics include TCP (transmission control protocol), ATM cells and adaptation layers, a basic architectural model for IP over ATM, address resolution, mapping IP to a subnet technology, and connection management strategy. (LRW)
Functional Foods for Women's Health.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lindeman, Alice K.

2002-01-01

Describes functional foods for women's health (foods or food ingredients that provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition), explaining that both whole and modified foods can be included as functional foods. The paper discusses the history, regulation, and promotion of functional foods; consumer interest in functional foods; how to incorporate…
Pharmaceutical Applications of Ion-Exchange Resins

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Elder, David

2005-01-01

The historical uses of ion-exchanged resins and a summary of the basic chemical principles involved in the ion-exchanged process are discussed. Specific applications of ion-exchange are provided that include drug stabilization, pharmaceutical excipients, taste-masking agents, oral sustained-release products, topical products for local application…
An Emerging Strategy of "Direct" Research.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mintzberg, Henry

1979-01-01

Discusses seven basic themes that underlie the author's "direct research" activities. These themes include reliance on research based on description and induction instead of prescription and deduction, and the measurement of many elements in real settings, supported by anecdote, instead of few variables in perceptual terms from a…
Gold nanoparticles in breast cancer treatment: Promise and potential pitfalls

PubMed Central

Lee, Jihyoun; Chatterjee, Dev Kumar; Lee, Min Hyuk; Krishnan, Sunil

2014-01-01

Despite remarkable achievements in the treatment of breast cancer, some obstacles still remain. Gold nanoparticles may prove valuable in addressing these problems owing to their unique characteristics, including their enhanced permeability and retention in tumor tissue, their light absorbance and surface plasmon resonance in near-infrared light, their interaction with radiation to generate secondary electrons, and their ability to be conjugated with drugs or other agents. Herein, we discuss some basic concepts of gold nanoparticles, and early results from studies regarding their use in breast cancer, including toxicity and side effects. We also discuss these particles’ potential clinical applications. PMID:24556077
The Adult Basic Education Profession and Competence: Promoting Best Practice. Final Report 1993.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scheeres, Hermine; And Others

This report describes the adult basic education profession in Australia across state boundaries and across a wide range of contexts. Chapter 1 discusses competencies and professions and why competency-based teacher education has been unsuccessful. Chapter 2 discusses the context of Adult Basic Education Competencies. Chapter 3 describes the…
Basic Radar Altimetry Toolbox and Radar Altimetry Tutorial: Tools for all Altimetry Users

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rosmorduc, Vinca; Benveniste, J.; Breebaart, L.; Bronner, E.; Dinardo, S.; Earith, D.; Lucas, B. M.; Maheu, C.; Niejmeier, S.; Picot, N.

2013-09-01

The Basic Radar Altimetry Toolbox is an "all- altimeter" collection of tools, tutorials and documents designed to facilitate the use of radar altimetry data, including the next mission to be launched, Saral.It has been available from April 2007, and had been demonstrated during training courses and scientific meetings. Nearly 2000 people downloaded it (January 2012), with many "newcomers" to altimetry among them. Users' feedbacks, developments in altimetry, and practice, showed that new interesting features could be added. Some have been added and/or improved in version 2 to 4. Others are under development, some are in discussion for the future.The Basic Radar Altimetry Toolbox is able:- to read most distributed radar altimetry data, including the one from future missions like Saral, Jason-3- to perform some processing, data editing and statistic, - and to visualize the results.It can be used at several levels/several ways, including as an educational tool, with the graphical user interface.As part of the Toolbox, a Radar Altimetry Tutorial gives general information about altimetry, the technique involved and its applications, as well as an overview of past, present and future missions, including information on how to access data and additional software and documentation. It also presents a series of data use cases, covering all uses of altimetry over ocean, cryosphere and land, showing the basic methods for some of the most frequent manners of using altimetry data.BRAT is developed under contract with ESA and CNES. It is available at http://www.altimetry.info and http://earth.esa.int/brat/It has been available from April 2007, and had been demonstrated during training courses and scientific meetings. More than 2000 people downloaded it (as of end of September 2012), with many "newcomers" to altimetry among them, and teachers/students. Users' feedbacks, developments in altimetry, and practice, showed that new interesting features could be added. Some have been added and/or improved in version 2 and 3. Others are envisioned, some are in discussion.

Spacecraft high-voltage power supply construction

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sutton, J. F.; Stern, J. E.

1975-01-01

The design techniques, circuit components, fabrication techniques, and past experience used in successful high-voltage power supplies for spacecraft flight systems are described. A discussion of the basic physics of electrical discharges in gases is included and a design rationale for the prevention of electrical discharges is provided. Also included are typical examples of proven spacecraft high-voltage power supplies with typical specifications for design, fabrication, and testing.
General Mission Analysis Tool (GMAT)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hughes, Steven P. (Compiler)

2016-01-01

This is a software tutorial and presentation demonstrating the application of the General Mission Analysis Tool (GMAT) to the critical design phase of NASA missions. The demonstration discusses GMAT basics, then presents a detailed example of GMAT application to the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission. Other examples include OSIRIS-Rex. This talk is a combination of existing presentations; a GMAT basics and overview, and technical presentations from the TESS and OSIRIS-REx projects on their application of GMAT to critical mission design. The GMAT basics slides are taken from the open source training material. The OSIRIS-REx slides are from a previous conference presentation. The TESS slides are a streamlined version of the CDR package provided by the project with SBU and ITAR data removed by the TESS project.
View of Soviet ionospheric modification research

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Duncan, L.M.; Showen, R.L.

1990-10-01

We have reviewed and provided a technical assessment of Soviet research of the past five to ten years in ionospheric modification by high-power radio waves. This review includes a comprehensive survey of Soviet published literature, conference proceedings, and direct discussions with the involved Soviet researchers. The current state of the art for Soviet research in this field is evaluated, identifying areas of potential breakthrough discoveries, and discussing implications of this work for emerging technologies and future applications. This assessment is divided into the categories of basic research, advanced research, and applications. Basic research is further subdivided into studies of themore » modified natural geophysical environment, nonlinear plasma physics, and polar geophysical studies. Advanced research topics include the generation of artificial ionization mirrors and high-power oblique propagation effects. A separate comparative assessment of Soviet theoretical work also is included in this analysis. Our evaluation of practical and potential applications of this research discusses the utility of ionospheric modification in creating disturbed radio wave propagation environments, and its role in current and future remote-sensing and telecommunications systems. This technical assessment does not include consideration of ionospheric modification by means other than high-power radio waves. The Soviet effort in ionospheric modification sustains theoretical and experimental research at activity levels considerably greater than that found in comparable programs in the West. Notable strengths of the Soviet program are its breadth of coverage, large numbers of scientific participation, theoretical creativity and insight, and its powerful radio wave transmitting facilities.« less
Teaching the Silk Road: A Journey of Pedagogical Discovery.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andrea, A. J.; Mierse, William

2002-01-01

Describes a course for first-year college students that focuses on the Silk Road. Discusses the problems that occurs in such a course, types of resources used, basic strategies and tactics taken, and the focus on mapmaking in the beginning of the course. Includes an annotated bibliography. (CMK)
After the Comprehensive Revolution: What Sort of Secondary Schools?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Judge, Harry

1979-01-01

Focusing mainly on secondary schools in Great Britain, the article discusses educational problems which are likely to be of major importance in the 1980s. These include decreasing funds, demands for a return to basic objectives, controversy over centralization vs decentralization, and traditional vs alternative education. (DB)
Revisiting the Issues: The Uniform Adoption Act.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hollinger, Joan Heifetz

1995-01-01

Discusses how a complex regulatory system, along with a lack of consensus about the functions served by adoption, produces uncertainty on many basic issues, including distinguishing lawful adoption versus illegal "baby-selling." The author recommends passage of more uniform state adoption laws, describes the 1994 Uniform Adoption Act,…
A Profile of Bullying at School.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olweus, Dan

2003-01-01

Describes basic facts and common myths about bullying. Covers the key principles of the Olweus Bulling Prevention Program. Discusses the results of research-based evaluations of the Olweus Program. Describes Norway's recent national initiative against bullying, which includes the use of the Olweus Program in a large number of elementary and junior…
Efficient Location of Research Reference Sources in the Field of Dance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kissinger, Pat; Jay, Danielle

More than 45 basic dance reference research sources that would be useful to students, scholars, teachers, historians, and therapists are discussed in this bibliographic essay. Aspects of dance covered include choreography, criticism, teaching principles, aesthetic theory, dance therapy, and history. Sources are grouped by type: dictionaries and…
Atoms to Electricity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Department of Energy, Washington, DC.

This booklet explains the basic technology of nuclear fission power reactors, the nuclear fuel cycle, and the role of nuclear energy as one of the domestic energy resources being developed to meet the national energy demand. Major topic areas discussed include: the role of nuclear power; the role of electricity; generating electricity with the…
Mechanical Drawing and Design.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mikulsky, Marilyn; McEnaney, Walter K.

A syllabus is provided for a comprehensive foundation course in mechanical drawing and design for grades 9, 10, 11, or 12 that is prerequisite to advanced elective courses. Introductory materials include course objectives, an overview of basic concepts, and guidelines for implementation. Brief discussions of and suggestions for the areas of design…
Dental Optical Coherence Tomography

PubMed Central

Hsieh, Yao-Sheng; Ho, Yi-Ching; Lee, Shyh-Yuan; Chuang, Ching-Cheng; Tsai, Jui-che; Lin, Kun-Feng; Sun, Chia-Wei

2013-01-01

This review paper describes the applications of dental optical coherence tomography (OCT) in oral tissue images, caries, periodontal disease and oral cancer. The background of OCT, including basic theory, system setup, light sources, spatial resolution and system limitations, is provided. The comparisons between OCT and other clinical oral diagnostic methods are also discussed. PMID:23857261
Probability, Problem Solving, and "The Price is Right."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wood, Eric

1992-01-01

This article discusses the analysis of a decision-making process faced by contestants on the television game show "The Price is Right". The included analyses of the original and related problems concern pattern searching, inductive reasoning, quadratic functions, and graphing. Computer simulation programs in BASIC and tables of…
Special Problems of People with Diabetes and Visual Impairment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosenthal, J. L.

1993-01-01

This article addresses the types of visual impairment caused by diabetes and the unique problems that people with diabetes and visual impairment face. Diabetic retinopathy, cataracts, glaucoma, and diabetic optic neuropathy are discussed as causes of visual impairment, and specific problems in basic living are identified, including diet,…
Increasing Student Learning through Multimedia Projects.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simkins, Michael; Cole, Karen; Tavalin, Fern; Means, Barbara

This book discusses enhancing student achievement through project-based learning with multimedia. Chapter 1 describes project-based multimedia learning. Chapter 2 presents a multimedia primer, including the five basic types of media objects (i.e., images, text, sound, motion, and interactivity). Chapter 3 addresses making a real-world connection,…
1985 Cancer Facts and Figures.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Cancer Society, Inc., New York, NY.

Information and statistical data about cancer are provided in seven categories. They include: (1) basic cancer data (considering how cancer works, trends in diagnosis and treatment, new cancer cases and deaths for 1985, and other areas); (2) major cancer sites (discussing lung cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, 5-year survival rates/trends…
Effective Communication: A Key to Successful Collaboration.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Price, Joseph P.

1991-01-01

This paper points out the importance of special educators' communication skills in effective collaboration. The basic components of face-to-face communication are discussed, emphasizing the role of the speaker and listener. An explanation of the process of active listening is also included, noting possible verbal and nonverbal listener responses.…
Action Biology. Advanced Placement for the Second Year. First Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, Mary Pitt

This document provides biology experiments designed for students who have completed a first year biology course. This self contained laboratory booklet contains four sections. In section 1, "Instrumentation in the Study of Cells," discussion sections and suggestions for teacher demonstrations are provided. It also includes some basic materials…
Parent-Child Play: Descriptions and Implications.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

MacDonald, Kevin, Ed.

This volume provides the latest research and theory in the area of children's play with their parents. It includes discussions of the basic processes involved in parent-child play, parent-child play in atypical populations of children, and parent-child play from a cross-cultural perspective. Fifteen chapters follow the introduction, "Parents and…
Learning Medical School Biochemistry Through Self-Directed Case-Oriented Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morley, Colin G. D.; Blumberg, Phyllis

1987-01-01

Describes an alternative medical school curriculum for the first two years of preclinical basic science studies. Discusses student and faculty selection for the program. Details the format for teaching biochemistry in the Alternative Curriculum, including program structure, content organization and exams. Evaluates the success of the program. (CW)
An Instructional Approach to Modeling in Microevolution.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Steven R.

1988-01-01

Describes an approach to teaching population genetics and evolution and some of the ways models can be used to enhance understanding of the processes being studied. Discusses the instructional plan, and the use of models including utility programs and analysis with models. Provided are a basic program and sample program outputs. (CW)

STOP Abusive Behavior Syndrome: Developing a Community Response.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holzman, Lois; Rivera, Mary

This paper discusses the social-therapeutic approach to preventing abusive behavior, and describes the implementation of specific STOP Abusive Behavior Syndrome (ABS) projects in New York City, New York. The projects' goal is to empower people to continually develop throughout their lifespans. Basic tenants include the following: (1) emotions are…
Infants and Toddlers, 1999-2000.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kroenke, Lillian DeVault, Ed.

2000-01-01

This document is comprised of the four 1999-2000 issues of a quarterly journal for teachers and parents of children in Montessori infant and toddler programs. The May 1999 issue presents articles on eating in the prepared environment and meeting infants' basic needs for food. The August 1999 issue includes articles discussing infants' sensory…
Bulgarski ezik za dobrovoltsi ot Korpusa na mira (Bulgarian Language for Peace Corps Volunteers. Bulgaria).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dimitrova, Aneta; Tomova, Christina; Tasseva, Mila

This workbook and class guide for basic-to-intermediate Bulgarian provides a communicative orientation to the language. With its emphasis on social situations and everyday language, the book includes vocabulary, dialogs, discussion topics, and cultural-historical background information about Bulgaria. (CNP)
Tutoring ESL: A Handbook for Volunteers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reck, Deborah L.; And Others

This handbook is designed for use by Tacoma Community House volunteer tutors of English as a Second Language (ESL) as a supplement to basic volunteer training. The handbook includes detailed information in areas briefly covered during training and specific instructional ideas and class activities. A section on getting started discusses the…
Desktop Publishing: A Brave New World and Publishing from the Desktop.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lormand, Robert; Rowe, Jane J.

1988-01-01

The first of two articles presents basic selection criteria for desktop publishing software packages, including discussion of expectations, required equipment, training costs, publication size, desired software features, additional equipment needed, and quality control. The second provides a brief description of desktop publishing using the Apple…
Postmodern Ethics for Active-Directive Counseling and Psychotherapy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ellis, Albert

1997-01-01

Discusses how Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) includes some basic postmodern ideas and can be practiced with important caveats and cautions that keep it open-ended, flexible, and relativist. Describes how REBT shows clients how their conscious and unconscious absolutistic philosophies lead to much of their dysfunctional feelings and…
Educational Inequality and the Latino Population of the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rivera-Batiz, Francisco L.

2008-01-01

This research report examines the comparative educational condition of Latinos in the United States. The report discusses the dramatic shortfalls that plague the educational outcomes of Latinos relative to other racial and ethnic groups. The outcomes studied include educational attainment, school and university enrollment, basic cognitive skills,…
The Internet and Technical Services: A Point Break Approach.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCombs, Gillian M.

1994-01-01

Discusses implications of using the Internet for library technical services. Topics addressed include creative uses of the Internet; three basic applications on the Internet, i.e., electronic mail, remote log-in to another computer, and file transfer; electronic processing of information; electronic access to information; and electronic processing…
Archival Stability of Microfilm--A Technical Review.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Materazzi, Albert R.

The purpose of this report is to acquaint all personnel with some technical aspects of micrographics. The various film types used in the production of microfiche are discussed, including silver halide, diazo, and vesicular films. Other imaging systems used in micrographics are reviewed, and a basic introduction to sensitometry is given. The…
Learning Opportunities beyond the School.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hatcher, Barbara, Ed.

The 12 articles in this monograph discuss the value of informal learning for children, and suggest how basic skills can be reinforced at school, home, and within community groups and institutions. Promising programs, practices, and activities for children are highlighted. Topics addressed include: (1) a rationale for a rededication to a holistic…
Traditional Labs + New Questions = Improved Student Performance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rezba, Richard J.; And Others

1992-01-01

Presents three typical lab activities involving the breathing rate of fish, the behavior of electromagnets, and tests for water hardness to demonstrate how labs can be modified to teach process skills. Discusses how basic concepts about experimentation are developed and ways of generating and improving science experiments. Includes a laboratory…
Health and Safety Resources for Child Care Workers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Child Care Employee Project, Berkeley, CA.

Organized into three sections, these resource materials provide basic information for child caregivers about occupational hazards associated with child care work; personnel policies, staff burnout and environmental stressors; and employee rights. Contents of the first section include a general discussion of health and safety hazards in child care…
Atoms to Electricity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Department of Energy, Washington, DC. Nuclear Energy Office.

This booklet explains the basic technology of nuclear fission power reactors, the nuclear fuel cycle, and role of nuclear energy as one of the domestic energy resources being developed to meet the national energy demand. Major topic areas discussed include: (1) "The Role of Nuclear Power"; (2) "The Role of Electricity"; (3)…
Local District Planning Model Guidebook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New Jersey State Dept. of Education, Trenton.

The purpose of this guidebook is to assist chief school administrators of New Jersey's schools in the development of educational objectives and plans of action. Section 1 discusses district submission procedures, including description of the procedure to be followed, basic requirements, and review and approval processes. Section 2 presents a model…
Student Inquiry in the Research Process: Part I: Inquiry Research Basics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Preddy, Leslie B.

2002-01-01

Discusses the appropriate use of inquiry among students, teachers, and library media specialists. Topics include planning for an inquiry research project; collaboration between the library media specialist and classroom teacher; national goals, standards, and best practices; teacher roles for inquiry; and evaluating inquiry research. (LRW)
Program Evaluation: Roles and Responsibilities of Boards of Education Relative to Thorough and Efficient Legislation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Research for Better Schools, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.

The process for providing a "thorough and efficient" (T & E) education according to New Jersey statutes and regulations involves six basic steps. This document suggests procedures for handling the fifth step, educational program evaluation. Processes discussed include committee formation, evaluation planning, action plan…
A Circular Evolution of Perspectives regarding Ethical Communication?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cox, E. Sam

The contemporary view of ethical communication has come full circle, returning to the approach of Aristotle. Almost every public speaking textbook includes discussion of the basic concepts of what Aristotle called ethos, pathos, and logos. Of particular significance is Aristotle's conception of ethos, as elaborated in his work, "The…
Lasers, Understanding the Atom Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hellman, Hal

This booklet is one of the booklets in the "Understanding the Atom Series" published by the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission for high school science teachers and their students. Basic information for understanding the laser is provided including discussion of the electromagnetic spectrum, radio waves, light and the atom, coherent light, controlled…
Achievement Testing--A Look at Trends.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bligh, Harold F.

The strengths and weakness of standardized tests, and trends in achievement testing in the last 15 years are examined. The discussion of achievement tests includes survey, instructional, diagnostic, and basic skills tests, as well as tests used for formative and summative evaluation. Minimum competency tests are not examined in detail. Advantages…
There was less self-critique among basic than in clinical science articles in three rheumatology journals.

PubMed

Yazici, Hasan; Gogus, Feride; Esen, Fehim; Yazici, Yusuf

2014-06-01

There is concern that self-critique with authors acknowledging limitations of their work is not given due importance in scientific articles. We had the impression that this was more true for articles in basic compared with clinical science. We thus surveyed for the presence of self-critique in the discussion sections of the original articles in three rheumatology journals with attention to differences between the basic and the clinical science articles. The discussion sections of the original articles in January, May, and September 2012 issues of Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, Arthritis and Rheumatism, and Rheumatology (Oxford) were surveyed (n = 223) after classifying each article as mainly related to clinical or basic science. The discussion sections were electronically scanned by two observers for the presence of the root word "limit" or its derivatives who also read each discussion section for the presence of any limitations otherwise voiced. A limitation discussion in any form was present in only 19 (20.2%) or 29 (30.1%) of 94 basic science vs. 95 (73.6%) or 107 (82.3%) of 129 clinical science articles (P < 0.0001 for either observer). Self-critique, especially lacking in basic science articles, should be given due attention. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Up-to-date state of storage techniques used for large numerical data files

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chlouba, V.

1975-01-01

Methods for data storage and output in data banks and memory files are discussed along with a survey of equipment available for this. Topics discussed include magnetic tapes, magnetic disks, Terabit magnetic tape memory, Unicon 690 laser memory, IBM 1360 photostore, microfilm recording equipment, holographic recording, film readers, optical character readers, digital data storage techniques, and photographic recording. The individual types of equipment are summarized in tables giving the basic technical parameters.
CFD code evaluation for internal flow modeling

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chung, T. J.

1990-01-01

Research on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code evaluation with emphasis on supercomputing in reacting flows is discussed. Advantages of unstructured grids, multigrids, adaptive methods, improved flow solvers, vector processing, parallel processing, and reduction of memory requirements are discussed. As examples, researchers include applications of supercomputing to reacting flow Navier-Stokes equations including shock waves and turbulence and combustion instability problems associated with solid and liquid propellants. Evaluation of codes developed by other organizations are not included. Instead, the basic criteria for accuracy and efficiency have been established, and some applications on rocket combustion have been made. Research toward an ultimate goal, the most accurate and efficient CFD code, is in progress and will continue for years to come.
Application of Contact Mode AFM to Manufacturing Processes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Giordano, Michael A.; Schmid, Steven R.

A review of the application of contact mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) to manufacturing processes is presented. A brief introduction to common experimental techniques including hardness, scratch, and wear testing is presented, with a discussion of challenges in the extension of manufacturing scale investigations to the AFM. Differences between the macro- and nanoscales tests are discussed, including indentation size effects and their importance in the simulation of processes such as grinding. The basics of lubrication theory are presented and friction force microscopy is introduced as a method of investigating metal forming lubrication on the nano- and microscales that directly simulates tooling/workpiece asperity interactions. These concepts are followed by a discussion of their application to macroscale industrial manufacturing processes and direct correlations are made.
Demographics: people and markets.

PubMed

Merrick, T W; Tordella, S J

1988-02-01

The basics of demography are now basic to us business as well. Demographics combine demographic data with socioeconomic and geographic factors to help business and other managers know the market for their goods and services. This pamphlet explains market, product, and site analyses, discusses data sources and resources, and includes case studies involving major corporations. Post-war population trends have had an enormous impact on consumer and labor markets, bringing home to business the importance of taking advantage of demographic shifts. Advances in computerized access to data describing changes and increased consciousness of their economic significance has spurred the application of demographic knowledge by managers and the growth of the demographics information industry. The pamphlet describes the resources and methods of demographics including the creation and use of demographic data products.
Assessment of turbulent models for scramjet flowfields

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sindir, M. M.; Harsha, P. T.

1982-01-01

The behavior of several turbulence models applied to the prediction of scramjet combustor flows is described. These models include the basic two equation model, the multiple dissipation length scale variant of the two equation model, and the algebraic stress model (ASM). Predictions were made of planar backward facing step flows and axisymmetric sudden expansion flows using each of these approaches. The formulation of each of these models are discussed, and the application of the different approaches to supersonic flows is described. A modified version of the ASM is found to provide the best prediction of the planar backward facing step flow in the region near the recirculation zone, while the basic ASM provides the best results downstream of the recirculation. Aspects of the interaction of numerica modeling and turbulences modeling as they affect the assessment of turbulence models are discussed.
Strategic analysis for safeguards systems: a feasibility study. Volume 2. Appendix

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Goldman, A J

1984-12-01

This appendix provides detailed information regarding game theory (strategic analysis) and its potential role in safeguards to supplement the main body of this report. In particualr, it includes an extensive, though not comprehensive review of literature on game theory and on other topics that relate to the formulation of a game-theoretic model (e.g. the payoff functions). The appendix describes the basic form and components of game theory models, and the solvability of various models. It then discusses three basic issues related to the use of strategic analysis in material accounting: (1) its understandability; (2) its viability in regulatory settings; andmore » (3) difficulties in the use of mixed strategies. Each of the components of a game theoretic model are then discussed and related to the present context.« less
Basic Skills, Basic Writing, Basic Research.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trimmer, Joseph F.

1987-01-01

Overviews basic writing instruction and research by briefly discussing the history of remediation, results of a survey of basic writing programs in U.S. colleges and universities, and interviews with developmental textbook editors at major publishing houses. Finds that basic writing instruction continues to focus on sentence grammar. (MM)
Environmental Study Plan for the Trinity River Basin, Texas

DTIC Science & Technology

1972-01-01

with the requirements of NEPA, as specified In Sec. 102. These requirements Include the utilization of "a systematic, interdisciplinary approach which...and making updated completion projections is therefore included (Appendix F). B. Basic approach of the proposed study. The proposed study is divided...different from the customary approach utilized by many research specialists. Some of these differences are discussed below. I. The study is not intended
Behavioral studies of learning in the Africanized honey bee (Apis mellifera L.).

PubMed

Abramson, Charles I; Aquino, Italo S

2002-01-01

Experiments on basic classical conditioning phenomena in adult and young Africanized honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) are described. Phenomena include conditioning to various stimuli, extinction (both unpaired and CS only), conditioned inhibition, color and odor discrimination. In addition to work on basic phenomena, experiments on practical applications of conditioning methodology are illustrated with studies demonstrating the effects of insecticides on learning and the reaction of bees to consumer products. Electron microscope photos are presented of Africanized workers, drones, and queen bees. Possible sub-species differences between Africanized and European bees are discussed. Copyright 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel
Applications of HCMM satellite data to the study of urban heating patterns

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carlson, T. N. (Principal Investigator)

1980-01-01

A research summary is presented and is divided into two major areas, one developmental and the other basic science. In the first three sub-categories are discussed: image processing techniques, especially the method whereby surface temperature image are converted to images of surface energy budget, moisture availability and thermal inertia; model development; and model verification. Basic science includes the use of a method to further the understanding of the urban heat island and anthropogenic modification of the surface heating, evaporation over vegetated surfaces, and the effect of surface heat flux on plume spread.
Data Representation, Coding, and Communication Standards.

PubMed

Amin, Milon; Dhir, Rajiv

2015-06-01

The immense volume of cases signed out by surgical pathologists on a daily basis gives little time to think about exactly how data are stored. An understanding of the basics of data representation has implications that affect a pathologist's daily practice. This article covers the basics of data representation and its importance in the design of electronic medical record systems. Coding in surgical pathology is also discussed. Finally, a summary of communication standards in surgical pathology is presented, including suggested resources that establish standards for select aspects of pathology reporting. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
A fundamental review of the friction and wear behavior of ceramics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Buckley, D. H.

1972-01-01

The basic concepts associated with the friction and wear of materials are discussed as they relate to ceramics. Properties of ceramics such as crystal structure, crystallographic orientation, mechanical deformation, and surface chemistry are reviewed as they influence friction and wear. Both adhesive and abrasive wear of ceramics are discussed. The friction and wear of ceramics are examined in contact with themselves and when in contact with metals. The influences of environmental constituents such as water and hydrocarbons on friction and wear are reviewed. Materials discussed, by way of example, include aluminum oxide, rutile, calcium fluoride, and lithium fluoride.
An overview of expert systems. [artificial intelligence

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gevarter, W. B.

1982-01-01

An expert system is defined and its basic structure is discussed. The knowledge base, the inference engine, and uses of expert systems are discussed. Architecture is considered, including choice of solution direction, reasoning in the presence of uncertainty, searching small and large search spaces, handling large search spaces by transforming them and by developing alternative or additional spaces, and dealing with time. Existing expert systems are reviewed. Tools for building such systems, construction, and knowledge acquisition and learning are discussed. Centers of research and funding sources are listed. The state-of-the-art, current problems, required research, and future trends are summarized.
High density circuit technology, part 3

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wade, T. E.

1982-01-01

Dry processing - both etching and deposition - and present/future trends in semiconductor technology are discussed. In addition to a description of the basic apparatus, terminology, advantages, glow discharge phenomena, gas-surface chemistries, and key operational parameters for both dry etching and plasma deposition processes, a comprehensive survey of dry processing equipment (via vendor listing) is also included. The following topics are also discussed: fine-line photolithography, low-temperature processing, packaging for dense VLSI die, the role of integrated optics, and VLSI and technology innovations.
Diffusion Weighted/Tensor Imaging, Functional MRI and Perfusion Weighted Imaging in Glioblastoma-Foundations and Future.

PubMed

Salama, Gayle R; Heier, Linda A; Patel, Praneil; Ramakrishna, Rohan; Magge, Rajiv; Tsiouris, Apostolos John

2017-01-01

In this article, we review the basics of diffusion tensor imaging and functional MRI, their current utility in preoperative neurosurgical mapping, and their limitations. We also discuss potential future applications, including implementation of resting state functional MRI. We then discuss perfusion and diffusion-weighted imaging and their application in advanced neuro-oncologic practice. We explain how these modalities can be helpful in guiding surgical biopsies and differentiating recurrent tumor from treatment related changes.
Diffusion Weighted/Tensor Imaging, Functional MRI and Perfusion Weighted Imaging in Glioblastoma—Foundations and Future

PubMed Central

Salama, Gayle R.; Heier, Linda A.; Patel, Praneil; Ramakrishna, Rohan; Magge, Rajiv; Tsiouris, Apostolos John

2018-01-01

In this article, we review the basics of diffusion tensor imaging and functional MRI, their current utility in preoperative neurosurgical mapping, and their limitations. We also discuss potential future applications, including implementation of resting state functional MRI. We then discuss perfusion and diffusion-weighted imaging and their application in advanced neuro-oncologic practice. We explain how these modalities can be helpful in guiding surgical biopsies and differentiating recurrent tumor from treatment related changes. PMID:29403420
Future Outlook: Experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Suzuki, Yoichiro

2008-11-01

The personal view for the next to the next neutrino detector, the ultimate experiment, is discussed. Considering the size, cost and head winds against the basic science, the ultimate experiment will be the only experiment in the world. Here two such experiments one for the neutrino oscillation and the other for the double beta decay were discussed. The ultimate experiment needs to include a bread and butter science and to have a discovery potential for an unexpected phenomenon. There are many technical challenges and international co-operations are absolutely necessary.
Centrifugation. Sludge Treatment and Disposal Course #166. Instructor's Guide [and] Student Workbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Best, Richard A.

An introductory description of the use of centrifuges in the process of volume reduction is provided in this lesson. Three basic centrifuges, their theory of operation, quality of cake and centrate, and operational control testing are discussed. The lesson includes an instructor's guide and student workbook. The instructor's guide contains a…
Bilingual Glossary of Professional Mental Health Terms = Glosario Bilingue de Terminos Profesionales de Salud Mental.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cherry, Ralph, Comp.

Designed to acquaint social workers and other professionals in the mental health field with the basic terms necessary for professional discussions, paper presentations, and international correspondence, the English/Spanish-Spanish/English glossary lists 130 selected mental health terms. The glossary includes two sections: English to Spanish and…
Medical and Family Leave: Benefits Available to Female Workers in the United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Council of Jewish Women, New York, NY. Center for the Child.

This paper discusses a national survey of employee benefits designed to investigate the extent to which employers have independently implemented basic components of a comprehensive maternity plan. Components include: (1) standard policies that set the period of leave; (2) job-protected medical leave for maternity; (3) employer contributions to…

Modification of the Nominal Group Activity for On-Line Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maulding, Wanda S.

This paper discusses how the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) can be adapted for use in online instruction. The four basic stages of the NGT (listing, recording, collating, and prioritizing) are described, and modifications for online delivery are detailed, including: (1) the instructor posts the Socratic question or problem to be posed; (2) students…
Research Progress Report. Section I: Research Proposals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peirce-Jones, John; And Others

This document consists of seven research proposals for studies undertaken by the Child Development and Research Center at the University of Texas at Austin for 1967-68. Each of the proposals includes a discussion of the rationale, objective, basic design, sample population, data to be gathered, procedure or instruments to be used, relationships of…
Meeting Basic Needs: Strategies for Eradicating Mass Poverty and Unemployment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Labour Organisation, Geneva (Switzerland).

This work presents the concerns and conclusions of the World Employment Conference held in Geneva in 1976. It includes a formerly published article which summarizes the preparatory work, discussions which took place, and the main results of the Conference. The organizers hoped that the Conference would propose national and international strategies…
Primer of School Lighting Lamps and Maintenance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allphin, Willard

The basic principles of the most commonly used lamp types and the circuitry which makes them operate are discussed. The two objectives of this book are to serve as a--(1) guide to economical lighting, and (2) a permanent reference source for troubleshooting. Areas dealt with include--(1) lighting fundamentals, (2) incandescent lamps, (3)…
Essential Information for Post-Encyclopaedic Parliaments: The Italian Case.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rizzoni, Giovanni

This paper discusses the experiences of the Research Department of the Italian Chamber of Deputies over the past few years. The first section describes the origin of the department in the 1970s, including political factors, basic organizational features, and the salient features of the department's activity. The second section addresses the…
The Negro in American History: A Series of Episodes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nashville - Davidson County Metropolitan Public Schools, TN.

This teacher's kit contains a series of lessons on black history that can be integrated into regular 8th- and 11th-grade American history courses. Each lesson includes a student card containing basic reading material, with appropriate activities, and a teacher card providing additional information and/or suggestions for class discussion. Although…
THE HARD OF HEARING. PRENTICE-HALL FOUNDATIONS OF SPEECH PATHOLOGY SERIES.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'NEILL, JOHN J.

BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT TESTING, DIAGNOSING, AND REHABILITATING THE HARD OF HEARING IS OFFERED IN THIS INTRODUCTORY TEXT. THE PHYSICS OF SOUND, AUDITORY THEORY, ANATOMY AND PATHOLOGY OF THE EAR, AND DIAGNOSTIC ROUTINES ARE DISCUSSED. A CHAPTER ON AURAL REHABILITATION INCLUDES AN OVERVIEW OF LIPREADING AND AUDITORY TRAINING TECHNIQUES FOR ADULTS…
A Unit in Comparative State History.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lunstrum, J. P.; Sayers, Evelyn

1988-01-01

Presents a secondary level teaching unit on the role of rogues and entrepreneurs in Indiana and Florida from World War I through the 1920s. The unit helps students recognize the continuing struggle to maintain basic constitutional freedoms, particularly freedom of speech and religion. Discusses ways to develop the unit and includes a list of…
High- and Low-Risk Characteristics of Youth: The Five Cs of Competency.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McWhirter, J. Jeffries; And Others

1994-01-01

Identifies and discusses five basic skill strengths or skill deficits that mark critical difference between low-risk and high-risk youth. The "Five Cs of Competency" described include critical school competencies, concept of self and self-esteem, communication skills, coping ability, and control. Contends that these characteristics discriminate…
Organization of Distance Education at the University of Zambia: An Analysis of the Practice.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nyirenda, Juma E.

1989-01-01

Discussion of two basic organizational models for distance education systems or institutions focuses on the mixed-mode organization at the University of Zambia. Highlights include the development, production, storage, and distribution of teaching materials; communication channels between students and teachers; and the record-keeping system. (11…
Implementing Educational Software and Evaluating Its Academic Effectiveness: Part I.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jolicoeur, Karen; Berger, Dale E.

1988-01-01

This basic plan for implementing educational software in the classroom incorporates a research design for evaluating its effectiveness. A study of fifth grade classrooms using game and tutorial software for spelling and fractions is used as an example. Topics discussed include software selection, selecting groups of comparable ability, and use of…
Strategies for Selecting Vendors and Evaluating Their Performance--From the Vendor's Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Born, Kathleen

1992-01-01

Presents the vendor's perspective on how libraries choose and evaluate a vendor's performance. Characteristics of vendors are described, including being profit-oriented, market-driven, and highly competitive; issues in the three basic areas of service, price, and automation are discussed; and the influence of personality is considered. (LRW)
Nuclear Experiments You Can Do...from Edison.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Benrey, Ronald M.

This booklet discusses some of the basic facts about nuclear energy and provides eight experiments related to these facts. The experiments (which include lists of materials needed and procedures used) involve: (1) an oil-drop model of a splitting atom; (2) a domino model of a chain reaction; (3) observing radioactivity with an electroscope; (4)…
Survey of Hungary: Past and Present. Educational Curriculum Kit 7.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boros-Kazai, Andrew; Body, Paul

This booklet summarizes basic information concerning Hungary and Hungarians in America. It is intended as an initial source of reference for the teacher, student, and general reader. The history of Hungary is discussed in three sections, including the origins of Hungarians, the history and culture of Hungary since 1500, and conditions in Hungary…
Portable Life Support System: PLSS 101

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thomas, Gretchen A.

2011-01-01

This presentation reviewed basic interfaces and considerations necessary for prototype suit hardware integration from an advanced spacesuit engineer perspective during the early design and test phases. The discussion included such topics such as the human interface, suit pass-throughs, keep-out zones, hardware form factors, subjective feedback from suit tests, and electricity in the suit.
Process Design Manual for Land Treatment of Municipal Wastewater.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crites, R.; And Others

This manual presents a procedure for the design of land treatment systems. Slow rate, rapid infiltration, and overland flow processes for the treatment of municipal wastewaters are given emphasis. The basic unit operations and unit processes are discussed in detail, and the design concepts and criteria are presented. The manual includes design…
Sport and Social Organization.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nixon, Howard L., II

Sport is examined in relation to a number of basic aspects of social organization. Each of the seven sections includes a brief clarification of the key sociological concepts used for analysis, a consideration of various applications of those concepts to sport, and a review and discussion of what is known about specific aspects of sport in relation…
Energy. Overview: ERIC Fact Sheet No. 6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arrington, Larry

This fact sheet provides a basic overview of energy problems and programs in the United States and discusses the role that vocational education can play in solving those problems. The National Energy Plan is described including its objectives, strategies, and seven legislative acts: (1) The National Energy Conservation Act; (2) The Power Plant and…
White House Suggests Model Used in Reading to Elevate Math Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cavanagh, Sean

2006-01-01

This article discusses the Bush administration's aim to improve mathematics education through a suggested reading model. The White House is focusing on research to shape how students across the country are taught the most basic mathematical concepts. This undertaking would be modeled on the government's action toward reading, which includes the…
Writing Signed Languages: What for? What Form? A Response

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moores, Donald F.

2017-01-01

In his article in an "American Annals of the Deaf" special issue that also includes the present article, Grushkin (EJ1174123) divides his discussion of a written sign system into three basic parts. The first presents arguments against the development of a written form of American Sign Language; the second provides a rationale…

Back to Basics: Unions Reaffirms Their Campus Roles.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blackburn, Richard D.

1988-01-01

The role of the college student union is discussed in this review of what makes a union successful. It is suggested that the truly successful one combines the concepts of unifying force, common meeting ground, and community in order to educate as well as generate revenue. Issues considered include: hiring and training employees; competition with…
Scheduling language and algorithm development study. Volume 2, phase 2: Introduction to plans programming. [user guide

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cochran, D. R.; Ishikawa, M. K.; Paulson, R. E.; Ramsey, H. R.

1975-01-01

A user guide for the Programming Language for Allocation and Network Scheduling (PLANS) is presented. Information is included for the construction of PLANS programs. The basic philosophy of PLANS is discussed, and access and update reference techniques are described along with the use of tree structures.
Tom, Tom, the Piper's Son: Reading While Having Fun.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holmes, Kerry

2003-01-01

This article describes how a first-grade teacher used poetry to provide students of diverse ability levels with reading and language activities that stimulated their interest and improved basic skills. Activities with poetry included reading the poems aloud individually and as a group, discussing and analyzing the poems' words and meanings, and…
Macintosh Computer Classroom and Laboratory Security: Preventing Unwanted Changes to the System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Senn, Gary J.; Smyth, Thomas J. C.

Because of the graphical interface and "openness" of the operating system, Macintosh computers are susceptible to undesirable changes by the user. This presentation discusses the advantages and disadvantages of software packages that offer protection for the Macintosh system. The two basic forms of software security packages include a…
A computational model for the prediction of jet entrainment in the vicinity of nozzle boattails (The BOAT code)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dash, S. M.; Pergament, H. S.

1978-01-01

The basic code structure is discussed, including the overall program flow and a brief description of all subroutines. Instructions on the preparation of input data, definitions of key FORTRAN variables, sample input and output, and a complete listing of the code are presented.
Triangles: Shapes in Math, Science and Nature.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ross, Catherine Sheldrick

This book examines everything having to do with the triangle. It begins with a basic definition of the triangle and continues with discussions on tetrahedrons, triangular prisms, and pyramid shapes. Some ideas addressed include how triangles are used to measure heights and distances, the importance of triangles to builders, Alexander Graham Bell's…
A Child's Right to Be Entertained

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leidman, Mary Beth

2006-01-01

The purpose of this discussion is to explore the idea that children, like adults, have certain rights that include the basic right to be entertained. A hypothesis was developed supporting the idea that there exists affective value for a child if he or she has the opportunity to occasionally sit and watch media which contains no particular…
Wm. Theodore de Bary: Asian Studies in the Core Curriculum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Turner, James S.

1991-01-01

Traces Asian studies' infusion into the curriculum at Columbia University. Attributes the program's development to Wm. Theodore de Bary's influence, including his translating and editing of primary sources. States his work continues to serve as basic texts in Japanese, Chinese, Indian, and Buddhist traditions. Discusses his views on scholarship,…
"Sexual Health Assessment" for Mental Health and Medical Practitioners: Teaching Notes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barratt, Barnaby B.; Rand, Marsha A.

2009-01-01

The importance of including sexual health assessment (SHA) within the biopsychosocial evaluations of mental health and medical practice is discussed, and various protocols available in the extant literature are reviewed. Six principles for SHA are presented as well as a model protocol consisting of six basic lines of questioning with specific…
Genetics, Environment, and Behavior: Implications for Educational Policy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ehrman, Lee, Ed.; And Others

The contents of this book, which presents the fruits of one of a series of conferences organized by the National Research Council Committee on Basic Research in Education, includes 12 papers, with discussion and comments: "Introductory Remarks," Ernst W. Caspari; "Quantitative Aspects of Genetics and Environment in the Determination of Behavior,"…
New Horizons: An Empowerment Program for Egyptian Adolescent Girls.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swanson, Julie Hanson

New Horizons is a nonschool program that demystifies and communicates essential information on basic life skills and reproductive health to Egyptian girls and young women aged 9-20. The program consists of 100 hour-long sessions, each including an introduction to a specific topic, review of group knowledge level, discussion around key points…
A guide to onboard checkout. Volume 6: Structures/mechanics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1971-01-01

The structures and mechanical subsystem of a space station are considered. The subsystem includes basic structure (pressurization, equipment support, meteoroid protection, radiators, insulation, and docking interfaces), the docking mechanisms, spacecraft access (hatches, airlocks, and view ports), and antenna deployment mechanisms. Checkout is discussed in terms of reliability, failure analysis, and maintenance.
Programme Implementation in Social and Emotional Learning: Basic Issues and Research Findings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Durlak, Joseph A.

2016-01-01

This paper discusses the fundamental importance of achieving quality implementation when assessing the impact of social and emotional learning interventions. Recent findings in implementation science are reviewed that include a definition of implementation, its relation to programme outcomes, current research on the factors that affect…
Absolutely Write! Teaching the Craft Elements of Writing. Bill Harp Professional Teachers Library.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thomason, Tommy; York, Carol

This book discusses basic craft elements of writing, illustrates from adult and children's literature what constitutes an engaging passage of description, and then illustrates how that craft can be taught in a workshop environment. In addition, this book includes involvement experiences that help teachers experience these craft elements. After an…
Schoolyard Habitat Project Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mason, Rich

This project aims to provide basic steps for students to restore and create wildlife habitats on school grounds. Four chapters are included in this guide, and each chapter is divided into teacher and student sections. Chapter 1 provides necessary information for starting a habitat project. Chapters 2, 3, and 4 discuss the details for the Forest…
Modification of Personal Hygiene and Grooming Behaviors with Contingency Contracting: A Brief Review and Case Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allen, Sarah J.; Kramer, Jack J.

1990-01-01

Presents discussion of basic components and characteristics of contingency contracts. Includes case study in which contingency contracting procedures were integrated within a behavioral consultation model used by a school psychologist consulting with a classroom teacher to modify personal hygiene of 12-year-old male. (Author/ABL)
Making a Place for Nona: Meeting the Needs of Homeless Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boxill, Nancy A.

1994-01-01

Discusses the dilemmas that homeless children face and what day-care center staff can do to help meet the needs of such children, including providing consistency in homeless children's lives; providing basic necessities such as food, sleep, and privacy and showing a willingness to develop a normal relationship with homeless children. (MDM)
Fueling Around - Hazardous to Your Health. A Basic Teaching Unit on Energy. Revised.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McDermott, Hugh, Ed.; Scharmann, Larry, Ed.

Seven activities are included in this 10 day secondary school science unit in which students determine the effect that auto exhaust fumes have on the air they breathe by utilizing laboratory experiences, independent research, and in-class discussions. Rationale, objectives, and instructional strategies are provided for each activity. Following two…
The Utilisation of Highly Qualified Personnel. Venice Conference, 25th-27th October 1971.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris (France).

This document reports the highlights of an international conference designed to study the utilization of highly qualified personnel. Following the opening addresses by various participants, discussion documents and basic reports are presented. Four areas of concern include the state of employment and employment policy, the conditions and aims of…
Literacy: International, National, State, and Local. Yearbook of the American Reading Forum, Volume XI.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hayes, Bernard L., Ed.; Camperell, Kay, Ed.

This book contains papers which consider literacy issues at all levels from preschool to reading and the aging. The book includes discussions of cultural literacy, computer literacy, the reading/writing connection, adult basic literacy, measurement of reading and writing, special reading programs, and reading research. The following papers are…

Optometry: Careers with Vision. Revised.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Optometric Association, St. Louis, MO.

This brochure gives basic facts about optometry which may be helpful in considering such a career. Included are a discussion as to what an optometrist is, the development of the profession, the need for practitioners projected by State to 1980, types of services rendered, and the variety of employment opportunities available. Over one-third of the…
The Placement Handbook. A Guide for the Competitive Employment of the Handicapped.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Horn, Adelaide; Drury, Stephen

This handbook stresses those components that are considered peripheral to the placement process but that must precede the actual placement. The philosophy of placement upon which this guide is based appears first. Discussions follow of the basic components of the process of training and placement of handicapped individuals, including a varied…
Basics without Boredom? With Imagination, Yes!

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hunter, Florence

On the premise that the aim of high school and college English teachers is to intensify students' powers of thinking and feeling and to keep themselves alive while doing so, this paper suggests numerous imaginative activities for use in the classroom. The activities include a Victorian panel discussion, a presentation of early English ballads,…
Letting Go: A Parents' Guide to Today's College Experience.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coburn, Karen Levin; Treeger, Madge Lawrence

Acknowledging that college life has changed dramatically over the last 20 years, this book tells parents what to expect as their children leave home. Beginning with the college admissions process, practical solutions are offered for specific problems. Topics covered include: basic issues every family should discuss before the student leaves for…
An Educational Strategy for the Environment in the National Park System of Venezuela.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blanco, Nila C. Pellegrini

2002-01-01

Describes policies and basic concepts that may sustain environmental education in protected areas. Includes a summary of principles that may orient the development of environmental education programs, and areas of action that will help achieve the goals of protected areas. Discusses some educational experiences, their objectives, methods, results,…
High-power ultrafast Yb:fiber laser frequency combs using commercially available components and basic fiber tools

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Xinlong; Reber, Melanie A. R.; Corder, Christopher; Chen, Yuning; Zhao, Peng; Allison, Thomas K.

2016-09-01

We present a detailed description of the design, construction, and performance of high-power ultrafast Yb:fiber laser frequency combs in operation in our laboratory. We discuss two such laser systems: an 87 MHz, 9 W, 85 fs laser operating at 1060 nm and an 87 MHz, 80 W, 155 fs laser operating at 1035 nm. Both are constructed using low-cost, commercially available components, and can be assembled using only basic tools for cleaving and splicing single-mode fibers. We describe practical methods for achieving and characterizing low-noise single-pulse operation and long-term stability from Yb:fiber oscillators based on nonlinear polarization evolution. Stabilization of the combs using a variety of transducers, including a new method for tuning the carrier-envelope offset frequency, is discussed. High average power is achieved through chirped-pulse amplification in simple fiber amplifiers based on double-clad photonic crystal fibers. We describe the use of these combs in several applications, including ultrasensitive femtosecond time-resolved spectroscopy and cavity-enhanced high-order harmonic generation.
Air pollution control systems in WtE units: An overview

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vehlow, J., E-mail: juergen.vehlow@partner.kit.edu

Highlights: • The paper describes in brief terms the development of gas cleaning in waste incineration. • The main technologies for pollutant removal are described including their basic mechanisms. • Their respective efficiencies and their application are discussed. • A cautious outlook regarding future developments is made. - Abstract: All WtE (waste-to-energy) plants, based on combustion or other thermal processes, need an efficient gas cleaning for compliance with legislative air emission standards. The development of gas cleaning technologies started along with environment protection regulations in the late 1960s. Modern APC (air pollution control) systems comprise multiple stages for the removalmore » of fly ashes, inorganic and organic gases, heavy metals, and dioxins from the flue gas. The main technologies and devices used for abatement of the various pollutants are described and their basic principles, their peculiarities, and their application are discussed. Few systems for cleaning of synthesis gas from waste gasification plants are included. Examples of APC designs in full scale plants are shown and cautious prospects for the future development of APC systems are made.« less
Astronomical Optical Interferometry. I. Methods and Instrumentation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jankov, S.

2010-12-01

Previous decade has seen an achievement of large interferometric projects including 8-10m telescopes and 100m class baselines. Modern computer and control technology has enabled the interferometric combination of light from separate telescopes also in the visible and infrared regimes. Imaging with milli-arcsecond (mas) resolution and astrometry with micro-arcsecond (muas) precision have thus become reality. Here, I review the methods and instrumentation corresponding to the current state in the field of astronomical optical interferometry. First, this review summarizes the development from the pioneering works of Fizeau and Michelson. Next, the fundamental observables are described, followed by the discussion of the basic design principles of modern interferometers. The basic interferometric techniques such as speckle and aperture masking interferometry, aperture synthesis and nulling interferometry are disscused as well. Using the experience of past and existing facilities to illustrate important points, I consider particularly the new generation of large interferometers that has been recently commissioned (most notably, the CHARA, Keck, VLT and LBT Interferometers). Finally, I discuss the longer-term future of optical interferometry, including the possibilities of new large-scale ground-based projects and prospects for space interferometry.
Radiation effects in accelerator components

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Borden, M. J.

1995-05-01

A review of basic radiation effects is presented. The fundamental definitions of radioactivity are given for alpha, beta, positron decay, gamma-ray emission and electron capture. The interaction of neutrons with material is covered including: absorption through radiative capture, neutron-proton interaction, alpha particle emission, neutron-multi-neutron reactions and fission. Basic equations defining inelastic and elastic scattering are presented with examples of neutron energy loss per collision for several elements. Photon interactions are considered for gamma-rays and x-rays. Photoelectric collisions, the Compton effect and pair production are reviewed. Electron-proton interactions are discussed with emphasis placed on defect production. Basic displacement damage mechanisms for photon and particle interaction are presented. Several examples of radiation effects to plastics, electronics and ceramics are presented. Extended references are given for each example.
Basic Microbiologic and Infection Control Information to Reduce the Potential Transmission of Pathogens to Patients via Computer Hardware

PubMed Central

Neely, Alice N.; Sittig, Dean F.

2002-01-01

Computer technology from the management of individual patient medical records to the tracking of epidemiologic trends has become an essential part of all aspects of modern medicine. Consequently, computers, including bedside components, point-of-care testing equipment, and handheld computer devices, are increasingly present in patients’ rooms. Recent articles have indicated that computer hardware, just as other medical equipment, may act as a reservoir for microorganisms and contribute to the transfer of pathogens to patients. This article presents basic microbiological concepts relative to infection, reviews the present literature concerning possible links between computer contamination and nosocomial colonizations and infections, discusses basic principles for the control of contamination, and provides guidelines for reducing the risk of transfer of microorganisms to susceptible patient populations. PMID:12223502
ENHANCED BIODEGRADATION THROUGH IN-SITU AERATION

EPA Science Inventory

This presentation provided an overview of enhanced aerobic bioremediation using in-situ aeration or venting. The following topics were covered: (1) Basic discussion on biodegradation and respiration testing; (2) Basic discussion on volatilization, rate-limited mass transport, an...
Percept User Manual.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carnes, Brian; Kennon, Stephen Ray

2017-05-01

This document is the main user guide for the Sierra/Percept capabilities including the mesh_adapt and mesh_transfer tools. Basic capabilities for uniform mesh refinement (UMR) and mesh transfers are discussed. Examples are used to provide illustration. Future versions of this manual will include more advanced features such as geometry and mesh smoothing. Additionally, all the options for the mesh_adapt code will be described in detail. Capabilities for local adaptivity in the context of offline adaptivity will also be included. This page intentionally left blank.
Meeting Basic Needs Is Not beyond Our Reach.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haq, Mahbub ul

1978-01-01

Reviews the status of the continuing debate on the concept of "basic needs" in development policy for the world's poorest countries, reprinted from a World Bank report. Discusses "core" basic needs (food and nutrition, drinking water, basic health, shelter, and basic education) and possible operational policies. (MF)
Bridging the Gap Between Science and Clinical Efficacy: Physiology, Imaging, and Modeling of Aerosols in the Lung.

PubMed

Darquenne, Chantal; Fleming, John S; Katz, Ira; Martin, Andrew R; Schroeter, Jeffry; Usmani, Omar S; Venegas, Jose; Schmid, Otmar

2016-04-01

Development of a new drug for the treatment of lung disease is a complex and time consuming process involving numerous disciplines of basic and applied sciences. During the 2015 Congress of the International Society for Aerosols in Medicine, a group of experts including aerosol scientists, physiologists, modelers, imagers, and clinicians participated in a workshop aiming at bridging the gap between basic research and clinical efficacy of inhaled drugs. This publication summarizes the current consensus on the topic. It begins with a short description of basic concepts of aerosol transport and a discussion on targeting strategies of inhaled aerosols to the lungs. It is followed by a description of both computational and biological lung models, and the use of imaging techniques to determine aerosol deposition distribution (ADD) in the lung. Finally, the importance of ADD to clinical efficacy is discussed. Several gaps were identified between basic science and clinical efficacy. One gap between scientific research aimed at predicting, controlling, and measuring ADD and the clinical use of inhaled aerosols is the considerable challenge of obtaining, in a single study, accurate information describing the optimal lung regions to be targeted, the effectiveness of targeting determined from ADD, and some measure of the drug's effectiveness. Other identified gaps were the language and methodology barriers that exist among disciplines, along with the significant regulatory hurdles that need to be overcome for novel drugs and/or therapies to reach the marketplace and benefit the patient. Despite these gaps, much progress has been made in recent years to improve clinical efficacy of inhaled drugs. Also, the recent efforts by many funding agencies and industry to support multidisciplinary networks including basic science researchers, R&D scientists, and clinicians will go a long way to further reduce the gap between science and clinical efficacy.
Bridging the Gap Between Science and Clinical Efficacy: Physiology, Imaging, and Modeling of Aerosols in the Lung

PubMed Central

Fleming, John S.; Katz, Ira; Martin, Andrew R.; Schroeter, Jeffry; Usmani, Omar S.; Venegas, Jose

2016-01-01

Abstract Development of a new drug for the treatment of lung disease is a complex and time consuming process involving numerous disciplines of basic and applied sciences. During the 2015 Congress of the International Society for Aerosols in Medicine, a group of experts including aerosol scientists, physiologists, modelers, imagers, and clinicians participated in a workshop aiming at bridging the gap between basic research and clinical efficacy of inhaled drugs. This publication summarizes the current consensus on the topic. It begins with a short description of basic concepts of aerosol transport and a discussion on targeting strategies of inhaled aerosols to the lungs. It is followed by a description of both computational and biological lung models, and the use of imaging techniques to determine aerosol deposition distribution (ADD) in the lung. Finally, the importance of ADD to clinical efficacy is discussed. Several gaps were identified between basic science and clinical efficacy. One gap between scientific research aimed at predicting, controlling, and measuring ADD and the clinical use of inhaled aerosols is the considerable challenge of obtaining, in a single study, accurate information describing the optimal lung regions to be targeted, the effectiveness of targeting determined from ADD, and some measure of the drug's effectiveness. Other identified gaps were the language and methodology barriers that exist among disciplines, along with the significant regulatory hurdles that need to be overcome for novel drugs and/or therapies to reach the marketplace and benefit the patient. Despite these gaps, much progress has been made in recent years to improve clinical efficacy of inhaled drugs. Also, the recent efforts by many funding agencies and industry to support multidisciplinary networks including basic science researchers, R&D scientists, and clinicians will go a long way to further reduce the gap between science and clinical efficacy. PMID:26829187
A data reduction technique and associated computer program for obtaining vehicle attitudes with a single onboard camera

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bendura, R. J.; Renfroe, P. G.

1974-01-01

A detailed discussion of the application of a previously method to determine vehicle flight attitude using a single camera onboard the vehicle is presented with emphasis on the digital computer program format and data reduction techniques. Application requirements include film and earth-related coordinates of at least two landmarks (or features), location of the flight vehicle with respect to the earth, and camera characteristics. Included in this report are a detailed discussion of the program input and output format, a computer program listing, a discussion of modifications made to the initial method, a step-by-step basic data reduction procedure, and several example applications. The computer program is written in FORTRAN 4 language for the Control Data 6000 series digital computer.
A new six-degree-of-freedom force-reflecting hand controller for space telerobotics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcaffee, Douglas; Snow, Edward; Townsend, William; Robinson, Lee; Hanson, Joe

1990-01-01

A new 6 degree of freedom universal Force Reflecting Hand Controller (FRHC) was designed for use as the man-machine interface in teleoperated and telerobotic flight systems. The features of this new design include highly intuitive operation, excellent kinesthetic feedback, high fidelity force/torque feedback, a kinematically simple structure, mechanically decoupled motion in all 6 DOF, good back-drivability, and zero backlash. In addition, the new design has a much larger work envelope, smaller stowage volume, greater stiffness and responsiveness, and better overlap of the human operator's range of motion than do previous designs. The utility and basic operation of a new, flight prototype FRHC called the Model X is briefly discussed. The design heritage, general design goals, and design implementation of this advanced new generation of FRHCs are presented, followed by a discussion of basic features and the results of initial testing.
Sodium-NaK engineering handbook. Volume III. Sodium systems, safety, handling, and instrumentation. [LMFBR

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Foust, O J

1978-01-01

The handbook is intended for use by present and future designers in the Liquid Metals Fast Breeder Reactor (LMFBR) Program and by the engineering and scientific community performing other type investigation and exprimentation requiring high-temperature sodium and NaK technology. The arrangement of subject matter progresses from a technological discussion of sodium and sodium--potassium alloy (NaK) to discussions of varius categories and uses of hardware in sodium and NaK systems. Emphasis is placed on sodium and NaK as heat-transport media. Sufficient detail is included for basic understanding of sodium and NaK technology and of technical aspects of sodium and NaK componentsmore » and instrument systems. Information presented is considered adequate for use in feasibility studies and conceptual design, sizing components and systems, developing preliminary component and system descriptions, identifying technological limitations and problem areas, and defining basic constraints and parameters.« less
The Effectiveness of Programed Instruction Versus the Lecture-Discussion Method of Teaching Basic Metallurgical Concepts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bockman, David Carl

The purpose of this study was to compare the conventional lecture-discussion method and an illustrated programed textbook method when teaching a unit of instruction on the basic concepts of metallurgy. The control group used a portion of a conventional textbook accompanied by lecture, chalkboard illustration, and class discussion. The experimental…
Stark laws and fair market value exceptions: an introduction.

PubMed

Siebrasse, Paul B

2007-01-01

This article will focus on one aspect of complexity in modern healthcare, namely the implications of Stark laws and other fraud and abuse provisions, including anti-kickback statutes and HIPAA. Also, this article explores the prevalence of fair market value as an exception in the Stark laws and discusses the meanings of those exceptions. Finally, the article explores basic approaches to assessing fair market value, including cost, income, and marketing approaches.

[Essential characteristics of qualitative research and its commonly used methods].

PubMed

Zhang, Hong-wei

2008-02-01

The main objectives of qualitative research lies in exploring the opinion, attitude, behavior, and experience of a person as a social role, also a patient. This essay introduces the basic characteristics of qualitative research, including its natural property, inductive method adopted, open character and wholism concept; the results of qualitative research are presented in a text form; and its commonly used methods include observation, individual interview and focus group discussion.
Mesoscale Modeling, Forecasting and Remote Sensing Research.

DTIC Science & Technology

remote sensing , cyclonic scale diagnostic studies and mesoscale numerical modeling and forecasting are summarized. Mechanisms involved in the release of potential instability are discussed and simulated quantitatively, giving particular attention to the convective formulation. The basic mesoscale model is documented including the equations, boundary condition, finite differences and initialization through an idealized frontal zone. Results of tests including a three dimensional test with real data, tests of convective/mesoscale interaction and tests with a detailed
The performance assessment of undergraduate students in physics laboratory by using guided inquiry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mubarok, H.; Lutfiyah, A.; Kholiq, A.; Suprapto, N.; Putri, N. P.

2018-03-01

The performance assessment of basic physics experiment among undergraduate physics students which includes three stages: pre-laboratory, conducting experiment and final report was explored in this study. The research used a descriptive quantitative approach by utilizing guidebook of basic physics experiment. The findings showed that (1) the performance of pre-laboratory rate among undergraduate physics students in good category (average score = 77.55), which includes the ability of undergraduate physics students’ theory before they were doing the experiment. (2) The performance of conducting experiment was in good category (average score = 78.33). (3) While the performance of final report was in moderate category (average score = 73.73), with the biggest weakness at how to analyse and to discuss the data and writing the abstract.
Collaborative diagramming during problem based learning in medical education: Do computerized diagrams support basic science knowledge construction?

PubMed

De Leng, Bas; Gijlers, Hannie

2015-05-01

To examine how collaborative diagramming affects discussion and knowledge construction when learning complex basic science topics in medical education, including its effectiveness in the reformulation phase of problem-based learning. Opinions and perceptions of students (n = 70) and tutors (n = 4) who used collaborative diagramming in tutorial groups were collected with a questionnaire and focus group discussions. A framework derived from the analysis of discourse in computer-supported collaborative leaning was used to construct the questionnaire. Video observations were used during the focus group discussions. Both students and tutors felt that collaborative diagramming positively affected discussion and knowledge construction. Students particularly appreciated that diagrams helped them to structure knowledge, to develop an overview of topics, and stimulated them to find relationships between topics. Tutors emphasized that diagramming increased interaction and enhanced the focus and detail of the discussion. Favourable conditions were the following: working with a shared whiteboard, using a diagram format that facilitated distribution, and applying half filled-in diagrams for non-content expert tutors and\\or for heterogeneous groups with low achieving students. The empirical findings in this study support the findings of earlier more descriptive studies that diagramming in a collaborative setting is valuable for learning complex knowledge in medicine.
Basic science research in urology training.

PubMed

Eberli, D; Atala, A

2009-04-01

The role of basic science exposure during urology training is a timely topic that is relevant to urologic health and to the training of new physician scientists. Today, researchers are needed for the advancement of this specialty, and involvement in basic research will foster understanding of basic scientific concepts and the development of critical thinking skills, which will, in turn, improve clinical performance. If research education is not included in urology training, future urologists may not be as likely to contribute to scientific discoveries.Currently, only a minority of urologists in training are currently exposed to significant research experience. In addition, the number of physician-scientists in urology has been decreasing over the last two decades, as fewer physicians are willing to undertake a career in academics and perform basic research. However, to ensure that the field of urology is driving forward and bringing novel techniques to patients, it is clear that more research-trained urologists are needed. In this article we will analyse the current status of basic research in urology training and discuss the importance of and obstacles to successful addition of research into the medical training curricula. Further, we will highlight different opportunities for trainees to obtain significant research exposure in urology.
A brief simulation intervention increasing basic science and clinical knowledge.

PubMed

Sheakley, Maria L; Gilbert, Gregory E; Leighton, Kim; Hall, Maureen; Callender, Diana; Pederson, David

2016-01-01

Background The United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) is increasing clinical content on the Step 1 exam; thus, inclusion of clinical applications within the basic science curriculum is crucial. Including simulation activities during basic science years bridges the knowledge gap between basic science content and clinical application. Purpose To evaluate the effects of a one-off, 1-hour cardiovascular simulation intervention on a summative assessment after adjusting for relevant demographic and academic predictors. Methods This study was a non-randomized study using historical controls to evaluate curricular change. The control group received lecture (n l =515) and the intervention group received lecture plus a simulation exercise (n l+s =1,066). Assessment included summative exam questions (n=4) that were scored as pass/fail (≥75%). USMLE-style assessment questions were identical for both cohorts. Descriptive statistics for variables are presented and odds of passage calculated using logistic regression. Results Undergraduate grade point ratio, MCAT-BS, MCAT-PS, age, attendance at an academic review program, and gender were significant predictors of summative exam passage. Students receiving the intervention were significantly more likely to pass the summative exam than students receiving lecture only (P=0.0003). Discussion Simulation plus lecture increases short-term understanding as tested by a written exam. A longitudinal study is needed to assess the effect of a brief simulation intervention on long-term retention of clinical concepts in a basic science curriculum.
Defamation & Stigma Claims against Public Employers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Worona, Jay; Fletcher, Cynthia Plumb

This article, written by two lawyers, defines defamation, discusses the basic law of defamation and stigma, and focuses on recent case law on this topic. The cases are only a sample of the numerous cases that school districts across the nation face on the issues of defamation and stigma. The following topics are included in the legal review: the…
Computers, Education and the Library at The Bronx High School of Science.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nachbar, Sondra; Sussman, Valerie

1988-01-01

Describes the services and programs offered by the library at The Bronx High School of Science. Topics discussed include the library collection; a basic library skills mini-course for freshmen and incoming sophomores; current uses of the library's computer system; and plans to automate the library's card catalog and circulation records.…
The Teaching Naked Cycle: Technology Is a Tool, but Psychology Is the New Pedagogy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bowen, José Antonio

2014-01-01

This article by José Antonio Bowen was presented at the 2014 annual meeting of the "Association of American Colleges and Universities" where the discussion included the question of how technology was bringing new tools and new competition to higher education, but was also changing basic rules about how "we operate" as human…
Living with Radiation. The Problems of the Nuclear Age for the Layman.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brannigan, Francis L.

The text takes a practical approach to the understanding of industrial radiation hazards. It is intended for the layman who requires a basic understanding of the relationship of radiation problems to his own field. Discussion includes such topics as: uses which benefit mankind; radiation energy versus fission energy; effects of excessive radiation…
School Law for the Principal: A Handbook for Practitioners.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shoop, Robert J.; Dunklee, Dennis R.

The relationship between the principal and the law has never been easy to define. This book provides basic information on the current status of law, risk, and site-based management as they relate to the legal rights and responsibilities of principals. Twenty-one chapters are included in five sections. The first section discusses the school and the…
Kilowatt Counter: A Consumer's Guide to Energy Concepts, Quantities, and Uses.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Friend, Gil; Morris, David

This booklet is a basic introduction to energy and energy usage. The first chapter discusses various forms of energy and how they are measured and converted from one to another with a unit conversion chart included. Tables and figures list annual energy requirements of household electrical appliances and energy requirements for houses with various…
Transforming Public Education: Cases in Education Entrepreneurship. Instructor's Guide

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Childress, Stacey M., Ed.

2010-01-01

This instructor's guide is intended for use with "Transforming Public Education: Cases in Education Entrepreneurship." This volume includes a teaching note for each case in the student edition; the note provides basic guidance in how to initaite and organize the flow of the case discussion as well as how the case links to others before…
The biology of human immunodeficiency virus infection.

PubMed

Kotler, Donald P

2004-08-01

The aim of this article is to review the basic biology of infection with HIV-1 and the development of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The discussion will include epidemiology, general description of the retroviruses, pathogenesis of the immune deficiency, clinical consequences, treatment, and treatment outcomes. Aspects of the infection that affect protein and energy balance will be identified.
Particles and fields subsatellite program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Horn, H. J.

1972-01-01

The development and characteristics of the Particles and Fields Lunar Subsatellite are discussed. The basic mission is to investigate two problems in space physics: (1) the formation and dynamics of the earth's magnetosphere and (2) the boundary layer of the solar wind as it flows over the lunar surface. Illustrations of the subsatellites and the mission concepts are included.
Network model and short circuit program for the Kennedy Space Center electric power distribution system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

Assumptions made and techniques used in modeling the power network to the 480 volt level are discussed. Basic computational techniques used in the short circuit program are described along with a flow diagram of the program and operational procedures. Procedures for incorporating network changes are included in this user's manual.
Improved Food Drying and Storage Training Manual.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zweig, Peter R.; And Others

This manual is intended to serve as a guide for those who are helping future Peace Corps volunteers to acquire basic food drying and storage skills. Included in the guide are lesson outlines and handouts for use in each of the 30 sessions of the course. Representative topics discussed in the individual sessions are scheduling, solar dryers,…
American Social Welfare Policy and Social Justice for Appalachia's Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McNutt, John G.

This paper examines social welfare policy and its impacts on Appalachian children. The discussion is based on a notion that a just society meets basic needs of all its members. Current social policy: (1) does not include a comprehensive family policy; (2) depends on state and local contributions which are limited in rural Appalachia; (3) has…
Americans Needing Home Care, United States. Data from the National Health Survey.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Feller, Barbara A.

1986-01-01

This report presents information from the Home Care Supplement to the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) on the types of help needed by adults with chronic health problems who live outside of institutions. Home care items discussed include: (1) assistance in basic physical activities; (2) assistance in home management activities; (3) adults…
Optimistic Outlooks: Latest Views on the Global Future by a Galaxy of International Experts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Feather, Frank, Ed.; Mayur, Rashmi, Ed.

Eighteen international futurists present their views concerning separate major world issues. The book includes a prologue which discusses the optimistic nature of most futurists; an introduction which describes the book's contents; 14 chapters arranged into 3 major parts; an epilogue; and conclusion. In part I, which examines the basic necessities…

Multipath analysis diffraction calculations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Statham, Richard B.

1996-01-01

This report describes extensions of the Kirchhoff diffraction equation to higher edge terms and discusses their suitability to model diffraction multipath effects of a small satellite structure. When receiving signals, at a satellite, from the Global Positioning System (GPS), reflected signals from the satellite structure result in multipath errors in the determination of the satellite position. Multipath error can be caused by diffraction of the reflected signals and a method of calculating this diffraction is required when using a facet model of the satellite. Several aspects of the Kirchhoff equation are discussed and numerical examples, in the near and far fields, are shown. The vector form of the extended Kirchhoff equation, by adding the Larmor-Tedone and Kottler edge terms, is given as a mathematical model in an appendix. The Kirchhoff equation was investigated as being easily implemented and of good accuracy in the basic form, especially in phase determination. The basic Kirchhoff can be extended for higher accuracy if desired. A brief discussion of the method of moments and the geometric theory of diffraction is included, but seems to offer no clear advantage in implementation over the Kirchhoff for facet models.
Basic Principles of Lyophilization, Part 1.

PubMed

Akers, Michael J

2015-01-01

The achievement of a high-quality lyophilized (freeze-dried) dosage form involves the combination of optimal formulation design and optimal freeze-dry cycle design. This 2-part article describes how this can be done. Part 1 discusses the basic principles and procedures of lyophilization up to a discussion on the different stages of lyophilization. The stages of lyophilization are discussed in part 2.
Analysis of regional radiotherapy dosimetry audit data and recommendations for future audits

PubMed Central

Palmer, A; Mzenda, B; Kearton, J; Wills, R

2011-01-01

Objectives Regional interdepartmental dosimetry audits within the UK provide basic assurances of the dosimetric accuracy of radiotherapy treatments. Methods This work reviews several years of audit results from the South East Central audit group including megavoltage (MV) and kilovoltage (kV) photons, electrons and iodine-125 seeds. Results Apart from some minor systematic errors that were resolved, the results of all audits have been within protocol tolerances, confirming the long-term stability and agreement of basic radiation dosimetric parameters between centres in the audit region. There is some evidence of improvement in radiation dosimetry with the adoption of newer codes of practice. Conclusion The value of current audit methods and the limitations of peer-to-peer auditing is discussed, particularly the influence of the audit schedule on the results obtained, where no “gold standard” exists. Recommendations are made for future audits, including an essential requirement to maintain the monitoring of basic fundamental dosimetry, such as MV photon and electron output, but audits must also be developed to include new treatment technologies such as image-guided radiotherapy and address the most common sources of error in radiotherapy. PMID:21159805
Midwives' Experiences, Education, and Support Needs Regarding Basic Newborn Resuscitation in Jordan.

PubMed

Kassab, Manal; Alnuaimi, Karimeh; Mohammad, Khitam; Creedy, Debra; Hamadneh, Shereen

2016-06-01

Newborns who are compromised at birth require rapid attention to stabilize their respiration attempts. Lack of knowledge regarding basic newborn resuscitation is a contributing factor to poor newborn health outcomes and increased mortality. The purpose of this study was to explore Jordanian midwives' experiences, education, and support needs to competently perform basic newborn resuscitation. Qualitative descriptive methodology was used to analyze a convenience sample of 20 midwives. A thematic approach was used to analyze the data. Participants discussed their experiences of basic newborn resuscitation including knowledge, skills, and barriers and suggested solutions to improve practice. Four themes were revealed: lack of knowledge and skills in newborn resuscitation, organizational constraints, inadequate teamwork, and educational needs. The midwives perceived that their ability to perform newborn resuscitation was hindered by lack of knowledge and skills in newborn resuscitation, organizational constraints (such as lack of equipment), and poor co-ordination and communication among team members. © The Author(s) 2015.
Bifurcation and stability in a model of moist convection in a shearing environment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shirer, H. N.

1980-01-01

The truncated spectral system (model I) of shallow moist two-dimensional convection discussed by Shirer and Dutton (1979) is expanded to eleven coefficients (model II) in order to include a basic wind. Cloud streets, the atmospheric analog of the solutions to model II, are typically observed in an environment containing a shearing basic motion field. Analysis of the branching behavior of solutions to mode II shows that, if the basic wind direction varies with height, very complex temporal behavior is possible as the modified Rayleigh number HR is increased sufficiently. The first convective solution is periodic, corresponding to a cloud band that propagates downwind; but secondary branching to a two-dimensional torus can occur for larger values of HR. Orientation band formulas are derived whose predictions generally agree with the results of previous studies.
Oral health assessment and mouth care for children and young people receiving palliative care. Part two.

PubMed

Sargeant, S; Chamley, C

2013-04-01

This is the second part of a two-part article on oral health assessment and mouth care for children and young people receiving palliative care. This article covers basic oral hygiene and management of oral health problems: oral candidiasis, coated tongue/dirty mouth, dry mouth, hypersalivation, ulceration, painful mouth, stomatitis and mucositis. The article also covers treating patients who are immunocompromised and the need to educate families and carers in the basic principles of oral care, including the importance of preventing cross-infection. Part one outlined oral assessment and discussed the adaptation of the Nottingham Oral Health Assessment Tool (Freer 2000).
Transuranic Waste Test Facility Development Program

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Looper, M.G.

1987-05-05

This letter discusses the development and test program planned for the Transuranic Waste Test Facility (TWTF). The planned effort is based on previous work in the ADandD Pilot Facility and testing of TWTF equipment before installation. Input from Waste Management and AED Fairview is included. The program will focus on the following areas: Retrieval; Material Handling; Size Reduction; Operation and Maintenance. The program will take 1-1/2 to 2 years to complete and began in December 1986. Technical Data Summaries (TDS) and basic data reports will be issued periodically to document results and provide basic data for the Transuranic Waste Facilitymore » (TWF). 2 refs., 2 figs.« less
The Applied Behavior Analysis Research Paradigm and Single-Subject Designs in Adapted Physical Activity Research.

PubMed

Haegele, Justin A; Hodge, Samuel Russell

2015-10-01

There are basic philosophical and paradigmatic assumptions that guide scholarly research endeavors, including the methods used and the types of questions asked. Through this article, kinesiology faculty and students with interests in adapted physical activity are encouraged to understand the basic assumptions of applied behavior analysis (ABA) methodology for conducting, analyzing, and presenting research of high quality in this paradigm. The purposes of this viewpoint paper are to present information fundamental to understanding the assumptions undergirding research methodology in ABA, describe key aspects of single-subject research designs, and discuss common research designs and data-analysis strategies used in single-subject studies.
A review of the basic concepts of dense gas dispersion with special regard to modelling of heat transfer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tasker, M. N.

1984-01-01

Dense gas dispersion is the study of the spreading and dilution of a gas that has a density greater than that of ambient air. Models to predict the dispersion of such dense gases as chlorine, sulfur dioxide, liquefied natural gas, and liquid propane are necessary to prevent a catastrophe in environmental and/or human terms. A basic physical picture of dense gas dispersion is provided. Mathematical and wind tunnel models of dense gas flow are presented and discussed, including the constraints and disadvantages of modelling techniques. Special emphasis is given to heat transfer during dense gas dispersion.
Magnetoencephalography - a noninvasive brain imaging method with 1 ms time resolution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

DelGratta, Cosimo; Pizzella, Vittorio; Tecchio, Franca; Luca Romani, Gian

2001-12-01

The basics of magnetoencephalography (MEG), i.e. the measurement and the analysis of the tiny magnetic fields generated outside the scalp by the working human brain, are reviewed. Three main topics are discussed: (1) the relationship between the magnetic field and its generators, including on one hand the neurophysiological basis and the physical theory of magnetic field generation, and on the other hand the techniques for the estimation of the sources from the magnetic field measurements; (2) the instrumental techniques and the laboratory practice of neuromagnetic field measurement and (3) the main applications of MEG in basic neurophysiology as well as in clinical neurology.
Visual Astronomy; A guide to understanding the night sky

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Photinos, Panos

2015-03-01

This book introduces the basics of observational astronomy. It explains the essentials of time and coordinate systems, and their use in basic observations of the night sky. The fundamental concepts and terminology are introduced in simple language making very little use of equations and math. Examples illustrate how to select the relevant information from widely accessible resources, and how to use the information to determine what is visible and when it is visible from the reader's particular location. Particular attention is paid to the dependence of the appearance and motion on the observer's location, by extending the discussion to include various latitudes in both North and South hemispheres.
Overview of software development at the parabolic dish test site

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Miyazono, C. K.

1985-01-01

The development history of the data acquisition and data analysis software is discussed. The software development occurred between 1978 and 1984 in support of solar energy module testing at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Parabolic Dish Test Site, located within Edwards Test Station. The development went through incremental stages, starting with a simple single-user BASIC set of programs, and progressing to the relative complex multi-user FORTRAN system that was used until the termination of the project. Additional software in support of testing is discussed including software in support of a meteorological subsystem and the Test Bed Concentrator Control Console interface. Conclusions and recommendations for further development are discussed.
[The health system of Peru].

PubMed

Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth; Lazo-González, Oswaldo; Nigenda, Gustavo

2011-01-01

This paper describes the health conditions in Peru and, with greater detail, the Peruvian health system, including its structure and coverage, its financial sources, its physical, material and human resources, and its stewardship functions. It also discusses the activities developed in the information and research areas, as well as the participation of citizens in the operation and evaluation of the health system. The article concludes with a discussion of the most recent innovations, including the Comprehensive Health Insurance, the Health Care Enterprises system, the decentralization process and the Local Committees for Health Administration. The main challenge confronted by the Peruvian health system is the extension of coverage to more than I0% of the population presently lacking access to basic health care.
The Suicide Paradigm: Insights from Ancient Hindu Scriptures.

PubMed

Agoramoorthy, Govindasamy; Hsu, Minna J

2017-06-01

The world religions in general promote peace and happiness. They strongly discourage all sorts of violence in society including suicide. Religious commitments toward life-saving value are known to prevent suicide attempts since all world religions promote unity, reducing interpersonal hostilities. Therefore, understanding the basics on what religious scriptures narrate on life and death including suicide is essential. This paper highlights the seldom discussed topic on the concept and consequences of suicide portrayed in the ancient Hindu religious scriptures.
Fast, accurate semiempirical molecular orbital calculations for macromolecules

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dixon, Steven L.; Merz, Kenneth M., Jr.

1997-07-01

A detailed review of the semiempirical divide-and-conquer (D&C) method is given, including a new approach to subsetting, which involves dual buffer regions. Comparisons are drawn between this method and other semiempirical macromolecular schemes. D&C calculations are carried out using a basic 32 Mbyte memory workstation on a variety of peptide systems, including proteins containing up to 1960 atoms. Aspects of storage and SCF convergence are addressed, and parallelization of the D&C algorithm is discussed.
ASRDI oxygen technology survey. Volume 5: Density and liquid level measurement instrumentation for the cryogenic fluids oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Roder, H. M.

1974-01-01

Information is presented on instrumentation for density measurement, liquid level measurement, quantity gauging, and phase measurement. Coverage of existing information directly concerned with oxygen was given primary emphasis. A description of the physical principle of measurement for each instrumentation type is included. The basic materials of construction are listed if available from the source document for each instrument discussed. Cleaning requirements, procedures, and verification techniques are included.
Unified control/structure design and modeling research

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mingori, D. L.; Gibson, J. S.; Blelloch, P. A.; Adamian, A.

1986-01-01

To demonstrate the applicability of the control theory for distributed systems to large flexible space structures, research was focused on a model of a space antenna which consists of a rigid hub, flexible ribs, and a mesh reflecting surface. The space antenna model used is discussed along with the finite element approximation of the distributed model. The basic control problem is to design an optimal or near-optimal compensator to suppress the linear vibrations and rigid-body displacements of the structure. The application of an infinite dimensional Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control theory to flexible structure is discussed. Two basic approaches for robustness enhancement were investigated: loop transfer recovery and sensitivity optimization. A third approach synthesized from elements of these two basic approaches is currently under development. The control driven finite element approximation of flexible structures is discussed. Three sets of finite element basic vectors for computing functional control gains are compared. The possibility of constructing a finite element scheme to approximate the infinite dimensional Hamiltonian system directly, instead of indirectly is discussed.
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Salvato, S.J. Jr.; Flak, L.H.

Parts 1 and 2 of this series covered topics of strategy and planning, and logistics. In this article, the important subject of insurance -- what is available, what can be covered and why operators and contractors need to know this -- is discussed. Specific discussions include: (1) role of the adjuster and the mechanics of how you get paid, (2) two basic policy forms, OEE and EED 8/86, now available, and (3) evolution of well control coverage and important definitions. The article concludes with some comments and cautions on what might happen to this coverage in the future.
Conducting Polyaniline Nanowire and Its Applications in Chemiresistive Sensing

PubMed Central

Song, Edward; Choi, Jin-Woo

2013-01-01

One dimensional polyaniline nanowire is an electrically conducting polymer that can be used as an active layer for sensors whose conductivity change can be used to detect chemical or biological species. In this review, the basic properties of polyaniline nanowires including chemical structures, redox chemistry, and method of synthesis are discussed. A comprehensive literature survey on chemiresistive/conductometric sensors based on polyaniline nanowires is presented and recent developments in polyaniline nanowire-based sensors are summarized. Finally, the current limitations and the future prospect of polyaniline nanowires are discussed. PMID:28348347
Poland's syndrome and military personnel.

PubMed

Phaltankar, P M; Langdon, J; Clasper, J

2003-12-01

We describe three cases of undiagnosed Poland's syndrome in Army personnel and discuss their fitness according to the PULHHEEMS system. This syndrome has variable clinical features that include unilateral chest wall and upper limb abnormalities. The syndrome is not hereditary and is of unknown origin. If the syndrome was diagnosed prior to enlistment the potential recruit would normally be graded P8, and unfit to enlist. However, these individuals had managed to pass routine medical examination as well as successfully complete basic training. The suitability of continuation in the army of personnel with Poland's syndrome is discussed.

NGSS and the Next Generation of Science Teachers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bybee, Rodger W.

2014-03-01

This article centers on the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) and their implications for teacher development, particularly at the undergraduate level. After an introduction to NGSS and the influence of standards in the educational system, the article addresses specific educational shifts—interconnecting science and engineering practices, disciplinary core ideas, crosscutting concepts; recognizing learning progressions; including engineering; addressing the nature of science, coordinating with Common Core State Standards. The article continues with a general discussion of reforming teacher education programs and a concluding discussion of basic competencies and personal qualities of effective science teachers.
General introduction and recovery factors

USGS Publications Warehouse

Verma, Mahendra K.

2017-07-17

IntroductionThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) compared methods for estimating an incremental recovery factor (RF) for the carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) process involving the injection of CO2 into oil reservoirs. This chapter first provides some basic information on the RF, including its dependence on various reservoir and operational parameters, and then discusses the three development phases of oil recovery—primary, secondary, and tertiary (EOR). It ends with a brief discussion of the three approaches for estimating recovery factors, which are detailed in subsequent chapters.
Satellite Power System. Concept development and evaluation program, volume 6: Construction and operations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Benson, H.; Jenkins, L. M.

1981-01-01

The construction, operation, and maintenance requirements for a solar power satellite, including the space and ground systems, are reviewed. The basic construction guidelines are explained, and construction location options are discussed. The space construction tasks, equipment, and base configurations are discussed together with the operations required to place a solar power satellite in geosynchronous orbit. A rectenna construction technique is explained, and operation with the grid is defined. Maintenance requirements are summarized for the entire system. Key technology issues required for solar power satellite construction operations are defined.
[Nuclear energy and environment: review of the IAEA environmental projects].

PubMed

Fesenko, S; Fogt, G

2012-01-01

The review of the environmental projects of the International Atomic Energy Agency is presented. Basic IAEA documents intended to protect humans and the Environment are considered and their main features are discussed. Some challenging issues in the area of protection of the Environment and man, including the impact of nuclear facilities on the environment, radioactive waste management, and remediation of the areas affected by radiological accidents, nuclear testing and sites of nuclear facilities are also discussed. The need to maintain the existing knowledge in radioecology and protection of the environment is emphasised.
Skylab program earth resources experiment package sensor performance evaluation, volume 1, (S190A)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kenney, G. P.

1975-01-01

The results of S190A sensor performance evaluation are summarized based on data presented by all contributors to the sensor performance evaluation interim reports. Techniques used in sensor performance evaluation are discussed. Topics discussed include: performance degradation identified during the Skylab missions, S190A and EREP system anomalies that affected S190A performance, and the performance achieved, in terms of pertinent S190A parameters. Additional analyses include final performance analyses completed after submittal of the SL4 interim sensor performance evaluation reports, including completion of detailed analyses of basic performance parameters initiated during the interim report periods and consolidation analyses to reduce independent mission data (SL2, SL3, and SL4) to determine overall performance realized during all three Skylab missions.
What is the responsibility of national government with respect to vaccination?

PubMed

Verweij, Marcel F; Houweling, Hans

2014-12-12

Given the ethical aspects of vaccination policies and current threats to public trust in vaccination, it is important that governments follow clear criteria for including new vaccines in a national programme. The Health Council of the Netherlands developed such a framework of criteria in 2007, and has been using this as basis for advisory reports about several vaccinations. However, general criteria alone offer insufficient ground and direction for thinking about what the state ought to do. In this paper, we present and defend two basic ethical principles that explain why certain vaccinations are the state's moral-political responsibility, and that may further guide decision-making about the content and character of immunisation programmes. First and foremost, the state is responsible for protecting the basic conditions for public health and societal life. Secondly, states are responsible for promoting and securing equal access to basic health care, which may also include certain vaccinations. We argue how these principles can find reasonable support from a broad variety of ethical and political views, and discuss several implications for vaccination policies. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Designing User-Computer Dialogues: Basic Principles and Guidelines.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harrell, Thomas H.

This discussion of the design of computerized psychological assessment or testing instruments stresses the importance of the well-designed computer-user interface. The principles underlying the three main functional elements of computer-user dialogue--data entry, data display, and sequential control--are discussed, and basic guidelines derived…
Digital Simulation and Modelling.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hawthorne, G. B., Jr.

A basically tutorial point of view is taken in this general discussion. The author examines the basic concepts and principles of simulation and modelling and the application of digital computers to these tasks. Examples of existing simulations, a discussion of the applicability and feasibility of simulation studies, a review of simulation…
Reduction of Helicopter Blade-Vortex Interaction Noise by Active Rotor Control Technology

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yu, Yung H.; Gmelin, Bernd; Splettstoesser, Wolf; Brooks, Thomas F.; Philippe, Jean J.; Prieur, Jean

1997-01-01

Helicopter blade-vortex interaction noise is one of the most severe noise sources and is very important both in community annoyance and military detection. Research over the decades has substantially improved basic physical understanding of the mechanisms generating rotor blade-vortex interaction noise and also of controlling techniques, particularly using active rotor control technology. This paper reviews active rotor control techniques currently available for rotor blade vortex interaction noise reduction, including higher harmonic pitch control, individual blade control, and on-blade control technologies. Basic physical mechanisms of each active control technique are reviewed in terms of noise reduction mechanism and controlling aerodynamic or structural parameters of a blade. Active rotor control techniques using smart structures/materials are discussed, including distributed smart actuators to induce local torsional or flapping deformations, Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
A survey of functional programming language principles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Holloway, C. M.

1986-01-01

Research in the area of functional programming languages has intensified in the 8 years since John Backus' Turing Award Lecture on the topic was published. The purpose of this paper is to present a survey of the ideas of functional programming languages. The paper assumes the reader is comfortable with mathematics and has knowledge of the basic principles of traditional programming languages, but does not assume any prior knowledge of the ideas of functional languages. A simple functional language is defined and used to illustrate the basic ideas. Topics discussed include the reasons for developing functional languages, methods of expressing concurrency, the algebra of functional programming languages, program transformation techniques, and implementations of functional languages. Existing functional languages are also mentioned. The paper concludes with the author's opinions as to the future of functional languages. An annotated bibliography on the subject is also included.
Fuzzy logic

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zadeh, Lofti A.

1988-01-01

The author presents a condensed exposition of some basic ideas underlying fuzzy logic and describes some representative applications. The discussion covers basic principles; meaning representation and inference; basic rules of inference; and the linguistic variable and its application to fuzzy control.
Northeastern pulpwood, 1977 - an annual assessment of regional timber output

Treesearch

Robert L., Jr. Nevel; David R. Dickson

1979-01-01

This annual assessment of regional timber output is based on a canvass of the pulpmills in the Northeast that use roundwood or wood residue as a basic raw material for paper, insulation, and hardboard products. The report includes a discussion and tabular data on roundwood and chips from plant residues produced in and received by 14 northeastern states in 1977:...
The Owner's Manual for the Brain: Everyday Applications from Mind-Brain Research. Second Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howard, Pierce J.

This book discusses what is known about the brain and memory storage and how people can improve their recall of information. There are 10 parts with 37 chapters. Part 1, "Forming a Foundation: The Context for Using Your Owner's Manual," includes topics like brain basics and brain imaging. Part 2, "Wellness: Getting the Most Out of…
A Balanced Marine Aquarium [and] The Biology of Marine Aquarium Fishes Collected in Monroe County, Florida. A Two-Paper NOAA Technical Memorandum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palko, Barbara Jayne; And Others

This document consists of two separate papers. The first paper, "A Balanced Marine Aquarium" (Barbara Jayne Palko), discusses various aspects of a balanced marine aquarium. Information provided includes the basic and optional equipment needed to construct a balanced aquarium, preparations for setting up the aquarium, preparing the…
Northeastern Pulpwood, 1978 - an annual assessment of regional timber output

Treesearch

Robert L., Jr. Nevel; James T. Bones

1980-01-01

This annual assessment of regional timber output is based on a canvass of the pulpmills in the Northeast that use roundwood or wood residue as a basic raw material for paper, insulation, and hardboard products. The report includes a discussion and tabular data on roundwood and chips from plant residues produced in and received by the 14 northeastern states in 1978:...
Reviewing the curriculum for physics and technology in postgraduate sonography courses.

PubMed

Oates, Crispian P

2015-02-01

Physics and technology is seen as a difficult subject by those training in medical ultrasound. The reasons for this are discussed. Who should teach the subject and what should be included are considered. Ways to approach the subject so as to make it more relevant and easier to learn are proposed and a basic syllabus is suggested in an appendix.
United States Security and the Soviet Challenge. Report of a Wingspread Briefing (Racine, Wisconsin, June 29, 1978).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McLain, Douglas, Jr.

Six presentations, an introduction, and a summary discussion are included in this publication, which focuses on the various complex factors involved in the negotiation of arms control agreements with the Soviet Union. Titles of the six presentations are: (1) Critical Issues in the United States-Soviet Relationship; (2) Basic Elements of Strategic…
Air-to-Air Missile Vector Scoring

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-22

SIR sampling-importance resampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 EPF extended particle filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 UPF unscented...particle filter ( EPF ) or a unscented particle fil- ter (UPF) [20]. The basic concept is to apply a bank of N EKF or UKF filters to move particles from...Merwe, Doucet, Freitas and Wan provide a comprehensive discussion on the EPF and UPF, including algorithms for implementation [20]. 2Result based on
Elliptic genus of singular algebraic varieties and quotients

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Libgober, Anatoly

2018-02-01

This paper discusses the basic properties of various versions of the two-variable elliptic genus with special attention to the equivariant elliptic genus. The main applications are to the elliptic genera attached to non-compact GITs, including the theories regarding the elliptic genera of phases on N = 2 introduced in Witten (1993 Nucl. Phys. B 403 159-222).
Neutron Activation Analysis of Water - A Review

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Buchanan, John D.

1971-01-01

Recent developments in this field are emphasized. After a brief review of basic principles, topics discussed include sources of neutrons, pre-irradiation physical and chemical treatment of samples, neutron capture and gamma-ray analysis, and selected applications. Applications of neutron activation analysis of water have increased rapidly within the last few years and may be expected to increase in the future.

The Role of Vocational Educators in Planning Vocational Assessment Activities for Handicapped Students: An Indepth Review of a Six Step Model.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stodden, Robert A.; Boone, Rosalie

1986-01-01

Discusses the role of teachers in providing vocational assessment to disabled students. Steps in this process include (1) establish planning team and conduct information search, (2) define purpose, (3) establish basic considerations, (4) formulate assessment model, (5) establish implementation focus, and (6) pilot test and evaluate assessment…
Tree shelters and other methods for reducing deer damage to hardwood regeneration in the eastern United States

Treesearch

Gary W. Miller

1998-01-01

This report summarizes the basic silvicultural problems associated with regenerating commercial hardwood (broadleaf) species in the eastern United States and includes a review of current methods used to reduce the impact of deer browsing. The following topics are discussed: 1) the biological requirements and regeneration mechanism associated with several important tree...
A Manual for Trainers of Small Scale Beekeeping Development Workers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gentry, Curtis; And Others

This manual is intended to serve as a guide for those who are helping future Peace Corps Volunteers to acquire basic beekeeping skills. Included in the guide are lesson outlines and handouts for use in each of the 52 sessions of the course. Representative topics discussed in the individual sessions are family live-in, training site investigation,…
Do/Will You Remember? Taking a Child Care Program's Past into the Future.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ranck, Edna Runnels

1995-01-01

Gives basic information about establishing an archive in a limited amount of space and accommodating some special materials. Discusses why a day care center or similar facility should bother to keep such records. Outlines start-up and maintenance tasks and includes a useful table of types of archival documents and artifacts in child care centers.…
Cloud computing basics for librarians.

PubMed

Hoy, Matthew B

2012-01-01

"Cloud computing" is the name for the recent trend of moving software and computing resources to an online, shared-service model. This article briefly defines cloud computing, discusses different models, explores the advantages and disadvantages, and describes some of the ways cloud computing can be used in libraries. Examples of cloud services are included at the end of the article. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Back-to-the-Basics in English Teaching.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Donelson, Ken, Ed.

1976-01-01

In this issue, the writers focus on the "basics" in English teaching, some offering suggestions on ways of altering present conditions, some commenting generally (in assessments, defenses, or attacks) cn the basics, and some presenting specific discussions of basics in teaching the various language arts components. A few of the articales and…
Instrumentation for Environmental Monitoring: Water, Volume 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.

This volume is one of a series discussing instrumentation for environmental monitoring. Each volume contains an overview of the basic problems, comparisons among the basic methods of sensing and detection, and notes that summarize the characteristics of presently available instruments and techniques. The text of this survey discusses the…
Basic principles of variable speed drives

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Loewenthal, S. H.

1973-01-01

An understanding of the principles which govern variable speed drive operation is discussed for successful drive application. The fundamental factors of torque, speed ratio, and power as they relate to drive selection are discussed. The basic types of variable speed drives, their operating characteristics and their applications are also presented.
Developing More Effective Curriculum Via "Basic Stuff."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heitmann, Helen M.

Discussed is the design and development of a physical education curriculum, incorporating principles discussed in the "Basic Stuff" physical education series. Four tasks are suggested for planning the curriculum: (1) develop a unit for activity instruction, where the concepts inherent in the sport or activity skills may be identified; (2) develop…
Basic Radar Altimetry Toolbox: tools to teach altimetry for ocean

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rosmorduc, Vinca; Benveniste, Jerome; Bronner, Emilie; Niemeijer, Sander; Lucas, Bruno Manuel; Dinardo, Salvatore

2013-04-01

The Basic Radar Altimetry Toolbox is an "all-altimeter" collection of tools, tutorials and documents designed to facilitate the use of radar altimetry data, including the next mission to be launched, CryoSat. It has been available from April 2007, and had been demonstrated during training courses and scientific meetings. More than 2000 people downloaded it (January 2013), with many "newcomers" to altimetry among them. Users' feedbacks, developments in altimetry, and practice, showed that new interesting features could be added. Some have been added and/or improved in version 2 and 3. Others are in discussion for the future, including addition of the future Sentinel-3. The Basic Radar Altimetry Toolbox is able: - to read most distributed radar altimetry data, including the one from future missions like Saral, - to perform some processing, data editing and statistic, - and to visualize the results. It can be used at several levels/several ways, including as an educational tool, with the graphical user interface As part of the Toolbox, a Radar Altimetry Tutorial gives general information about altimetry, the technique involved and its applications, as well as an overview of past, present and future missions, including information on how to access data and additional software and documentation. It also presents a series of data use cases, covering all uses of altimetry over ocean, cryosphere and land, showing the basic methods for some of the most frequent manners of using altimetry data. Example from education uses will be presented, and feedback from those who used it as such will be most welcome. BRAT is developed under contract with ESA and CNES. It is available at http://www.altimetry.info and http://earth.esa.int/brat/
Heavy Quark Effective Theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Manohar, A. V.

2003-02-01

These lecture notes present some of the basic ideas of heavy quark effective theory. The topics covered include the classification of states, the derivation of the HQET Lagrangian at tree level, hadron masses, meson form factors, Luke's theorem, reparameterization invariance and inclusive decays. Radiative corrections are discussed in some detail, including an explicit computation of a matching correction for HQET. Borel summability, renormalons, and their connection with the QCD perturbation series is covered, as well as the use of the upsilon expansion to improve the convergence of the perturbation series.
Ballistic intercept missions to Comet Encke

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mumma, M. (Compiler)

1975-01-01

The optimum ballistic intercept of a spacecraft with the comet Encke is determined. The following factors are considered in the analysis: energy requirements, encounter conditions, targeting error, comet activity, spacecraft engineering requirements and restraints, communications, and scientific return of the mission. A baseline model is formulated which includes the basic elements necessary to estimate the scientific return for the different missions considered. Tradeoffs which have major impact on the cost and/or scientific return of a ballistic mission to comet Encke are identified and discussed. Recommendations are included.
Microwave techniques for measuring complex permittivity and permeability of materials

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Guillon, P.

1995-08-01

Different materials are of fundamental importance to the aerospace, microwave, electronics and communications industries, and include for example microwave absorbing materials, antennas lenses and radomes, substrates for MMIC and microwave components and antennaes. Basic measurements for the complex permittivity and permeability of those homogeneous solid materials in the microwave spectral region are described including hardware, instrumentation and analysis. Elevated temperature measurements as well as measurements intercomparisons, with a discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of each techniques are also presented.
NASTRAN internal improvements for 1992 release

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chan, Gordon C.

1992-01-01

The 1992 NASTRAN release incorporates a number of improvements transparent to users. The NASTRAN executable was made smaller by 70 pct. for the RISC base Unix machines by linking NASTRAN into a single program, freeing some 33 megabytes of system disc space that can be used by NASTRAN for solving larger problems. Some basic matrix operations, such as forward-backward substitution (FBS), multiply-add (MPYAD), matrix transpose, and fast eigensolution extraction routine (FEER), have been made more efficient by including new methods, new logic, new I/O techniques, and, in some cases, new subroutines. Some of the improvements provide ground work ready for system vectorization. These are finite element basic operations, and are used repeatedly in a finite element program such as NASTRAN. Any improvements on these basic operations can be translated into substantial cost and cpu time savings. NASTRAN is also discussed in various computer platforms.
A Simple Case Study of a Grid Performance System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Aydt, Ruth; Gunter, Dan; Quesnel, Darcy; Smith, Warren; Taylor, Valerie; Biegel, Bryan (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

This document presents a simple case study of a Grid performance system based on the Grid Monitoring Architecture (GMA) being developed by the Grid Forum Performance Working Group. It describes how the various system components would interact for a very basic monitoring scenario, and is intended to introduce people to the terminology and concepts presented in greater detail in other Working Group documents. We believe that by focusing on the simple case first, working group members can familiarize themselves with terminology and concepts, and productively join in the ongoing discussions of the group. In addition, prototype implementations of this basic scenario can be built to explore the feasibility of the proposed architecture and to expose possible shortcomings. Once the simple case is understood and agreed upon, complexities can be added incrementally as warranted by cases not addressed in the most basic implementation described here. Following the basic performance monitoring scenario discussion, unresolved issues are introduced for future discussion.
An update on the role of advanced diagnostic bronchoscopy in the evaluation and staging of lung cancer

PubMed Central

Belanger, Adam R.; Akulian, Jason A.

2017-01-01

Lung cancer remains a common and deadly disease. Many modalities are available to the bronchoscopist to evaluate and stage lung cancer. We review the role of bronchoscopy in the staging of the mediastinum with convex endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and discuss emerging role of esophageal ultrasonography as a complementary modality. In addition, we discuss advances in scope technology and elastography. We review the bronchoscopic methods available for the diagnosis of peripheral lung nodules including radial EBUS and navigational bronchoscopy (NB) with a consideration of the basic methodologies and diagnostic accuracies. We conclude with a discussion of the comparison of the various methodologies. PMID:28470104
Some emerging applications of lasers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Christensen, C. P.

1982-10-01

Applications of lasers in photochemistry, advanced instrumentation, and information storage are discussed. Laser microchemistry offers a number of new methods for altering the morphology of a solid surface with high spatial resolution. Recent experiments in material deposition, material removal, and alloying and doping are reviewed. A basic optical disk storage system is described and the problems faced by this application are discussed, in particular those pertaining to recording media. An advanced erasable system based on the magnetooptic effect is described. Applications of lasers for remote sensing are discussed, including various lidar systems, the use of laser-induced fluorescence for oil spill characterization and uranium exploration, and the use of differential absorption for detection of atmospheric constituents, temperature, and humidity.
The TIMS Data User's Workshop

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kahle, Anne B. (Editor); Abbott, Elsa (Editor)

1986-01-01

A workshop was held to bring together all users of data from NASA's airborne Thermal Infrared Multispectral Scanner (TIMS). The purpose was to allow users to compare results, data processing algorithms, and problems encountered; to update the users on the latest instrument changes and idiosyncracies, including distribution of the TIMS investigation guide; to inform the users of the wide range of problems that are currently being tackled by other TIMS investigators; to explore ways to expand the user community; to discuss current areas where more basic research is required; and to discuss the future directions of NASA's thermal infrared remote sensing programs. Also discussed were: geology, land use, archeology; and data processing and noise research.
Approach to economic evaluation in primary care: review of a useful tool for primary care reform.

PubMed

McBrien, Kerry A; Manns, Braden

2013-06-01

To present an overview of the methods of economic evaluation in health care, using examples of studies applicable to primary care. The main concepts discussed in this article were derived from expert opinion and substantiated with well respected textbooks and comprehensive Canadian guidelines. Examples of cost-effectiveness estimates were taken from the published literature. We describe the basic principles of economic evaluation and provide an introduction to its interpretation, using examples of studies applicable to primary care. A basic understanding of health economics will allow primary care practitioners to begin to incorporate economic data, including that from economic evaluations when they are available, into resource planning for their practices.
Ultra-Stable Segmented Telescope Sensing and Control Architecture

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Feinberg, Lee; Bolcar, Matthew; Knight, Scott; Redding, David

2017-01-01

The LUVOIR team is conducting two full architecture studies Architecture A 15 meter telescope that folds up in an 8.4m SLS Block 2 shroud is nearly complete. Architecture B 9.2 meter that uses an existing fairing size will begin study this Fall. This talk will summarize the ultra-stable architecture of the 15m segmented telescope including the basic requirements, the basic rationale for the architecture, the technologies employed, and the expected performance. This work builds on several dynamics and thermal studies performed for ATLAST segmented telescope configurations. The most important new element was an approach to actively control segments for segment to segment motions which will be discussed later.

Willa Cather and the spirit of nursing.

PubMed

Draucker, C B; Lannin, A B

1992-01-01

Willa Cather, believed to be one of America's first feminist novelists, wrote of strong, Nebraskan women who, at the start of the Industrial Age, struggled to maintain their basic values as pioneers in the face of oppression. Similarly, many nurses today fight to retain their basic values as nurses in the face of oppression from the dominant medical culture. The values shared by Cather's pioneers and some nurses of today include utilizing a woman-identified perspective, achieving power through intimacy, and encompassing multiple ways of knowing. The journey of Cather and her characters is discussed as a model for fighting oppression by maintaining the core values of one's profession--be it as nurses or as pioneers.
Basic elements of light water reactor fuel rod design. [FUELROD code

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Weisman, J.; Eckart, R.

1981-06-01

Basic design techniques and equations are presented to allow students to understand and perform preliminary fuel design for normal reactor conditions. Each of the important design considerations is presented and discussed in detail. These include the interaction between fuel pellets and cladding and the changes in fuel and cladding that occur during the operating lifetime of the fuel. A simple, student-oriented, fuel rod design computer program, called FUELROD, is described. The FUELROD program models the in-pile pellet cladding interaction and allows a realistic exploration of the effect of various design parameters. By use of FUELROD, the student can gain anmore » appreciation of the fuel rod design process. 34 refs.« less
[Basics and clinical application of human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells].

PubMed

Miura, Yasuo

2015-10-01

Human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) show a variety of biological characteristics. The clinical trials database provided by the National Institutes of Health, USA, contains about 400 clinical trials of MSCs for a wide range of therapeutic applications internationally (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, key words "mesenchymal stem cells", as of April, 2015). Encouraging results from these clinical trials include evidence of efficacy against graft versus host disease (GVHD) in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Treatment for and/or prevention of engraftment failure and insufficient hematopoietic recovery have also been explored. Herein, we will address the basic principles of MSCs and the current status of clinical studies using MSCs. Future prospects for MSC-based therapy will also be discussed.
Electrical power systems for Mars

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Giudici, Robert J.

1986-01-01

Electrical power system options for Mars Manned Modules and Mars Surface Bases were evaluated for both near-term and advanced performance potential. The power system options investigated for the Mission Modules include photovoltaics, solar thermal, nuclear reactor, and isotope power systems. Options discussed for Mars Bases include the above options with the addition of a brief discussion of open loop energy conversion of Mars resources, including utilization of wind, subsurface thermal gradients, and super oxides. Electrical power requirements for Mission Modules were estimated for three basic approaches: as a function of crew size; as a function of electric propulsion; and as a function of transmission of power from an orbiter to the surface of Mars via laser or radio frequency. Mars Base power requirements were assumed to be determined by production facilities that make resources available for follow-on missions leading to the establishment of a permanently manned Base. Requirements include the production of buffer gas and propellant production plants.
Electrical power systems for Mars

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Giudici, Robert J.

1986-05-01

Electrical power system options for Mars Manned Modules and Mars Surface Bases were evaluated for both near-term and advanced performance potential. The power system options investigated for the Mission Modules include photovoltaics, solar thermal, nuclear reactor, and isotope power systems. Options discussed for Mars Bases include the above options with the addition of a brief discussion of open loop energy conversion of Mars resources, including utilization of wind, subsurface thermal gradients, and super oxides. Electrical power requirements for Mission Modules were estimated for three basic approaches: as a function of crew size; as a function of electric propulsion; and as a function of transmission of power from an orbiter to the surface of Mars via laser or radio frequency. Mars Base power requirements were assumed to be determined by production facilities that make resources available for follow-on missions leading to the establishment of a permanently manned Base. Requirements include the production of buffer gas and propellant production plants.
Optics education in an optometric setting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lakshminarayanan, Vasudevan; Raghuram, Aparna

2003-10-01

We discuss optics education within the context of an Optometric professional program leading to a degree of Doctor of Optometry (O.D.). Basic course work in Geometric, Physical, Ophthalmic and Visual Optics will be described and we will discuss how basic optical phenomena can be made relevant to the Optometric student with different academic backgrounds.
The State of Melanoma: Challenges and Opportunities

PubMed Central

Merlino, Glenn; Herlyn, Meenhard; Fisher, David E.; Bastian, Boris C.; Flaherty, Keith T.; Davies, Michael A.; Wargo, Jennifer A.; Curiel-Lewandrowski, Clara; Weber, Michael J.; Leachman, Sancy A.; Soengas, Maria S.; McMahon, Martin; Harbour, J. William; Swetter, Susan M.; Aplin, Andrew E.; Atkins, Michael B.; Bosenberg, Marcus W.; Dummer, Reinhard; Gershenwald, Jeff; Halpern, Allan C.; Herlyn, Dorothee; Karakousis, Giorgos C.; Kirkwood, John M.; Krauthammer, Michael; Lo, Roger S.; Long, Georgina V.; McArthur, Grant; Ribas, Antoni; Schuchter, Lynn; Sosman, Jeffrey A.; Smalley, Keiran S.; Steeg, Patricia; Thomas, Nancy E.; Tsao, Hensin; Tueting, Thomas; Weeraratna, Ashani; Xu, George; Lomax, Randy; Martin, Alison; Silverstein, Steve; Turnham, Tim; Ronai, Ze’ev A.

2017-01-01

The Melanoma Research Foundation (MRF) has charted a comprehensive assessment of the current state of melanoma research and care. Intensive discussions among members of the MRF Scientific Advisory Council and Breakthrough Consortium, a group that included clinicians and scientists, focused on four thematic areas—diagnosis/early detection, prevention, tumor cell dormancy (including metastasis) and therapy (response and resistance). These discussions extended over the course of 2015 and culminated at the Society of Melanoma Research 2015 International Congress in November. Each of the four groups has outlined their thoughts per the current status, challenges and opportunities in the four respective areas. The current state and immediate and long-term needs of the melanoma field, from basic research to clinical management, are presented in the following report. PMID:27087480
Atom Interferometry

ScienceCinema

Kasevich, Mark

2017-12-22

Atom de Broglie wave interferometry has emerged as a tool capable of addressing a diverse set of questions in gravitational and condensed matter physics, and as an enabling technology for advanced sensors in geodesy and navigation. This talk will review basic principles, then discuss recent applications and future directions. Scientific applications to be discussed include measurement of G (Newtonâs constant), tests of the Equivalence Principle and post-Newtonian gravity, and study of the Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition in layered superfluids. Technology applications include development of precision gryoscopes and gravity gradiometers. The talk will conclude with speculative remarks looking to the future: Can atom interference methods be sued to detect gravity waves? Can non-classical (entangled/squeezed state) atom sources lead to meaningful sensor performance improvements?
Nanomechanics of carbon nanotubes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ramasamy, Mouli; Kumar, Prashanth S.; Varadan, Vijay K.

2017-04-01

This review focusses on introducing the mechanics in carbon nanotubes (CNT), and the major applications of CNT and its composites in biomedicine. It emphasizes the nanomechanics of these materials by reviewing the widely followed experimental methods, theoretical models, simulations, classification, segregation and applications the aforementioned materials. First, several mechanical properties contributing to the classification of the CNT, for various biomedicine applications, are discussed in detail to provide a cursory glance at the uses of CNT. The mechanics of CNT discussed in this paper include: elasticity, stress, tension, compression, nano-scale mechanics. In addition to these basic properties, a brief introduction about nanoscale composites is given. Second, a brief review on some of the major applications of CNT in biomedicine including drug delivery, therapeutics, diagnostics and regenerative medicine is given.
Atom Interferometry

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kasevich, Mark

2008-05-07

Atom de Broglie wave interferometry has emerged as a tool capable of addressing a diverse set of questions in gravitational and condensed matter physics, and as an enabling technology for advanced sensors in geodesy and navigation. This talk will review basic principles, then discuss recent applications and future directions. Scientific applications to be discussed include measurement of G (Newton’s constant), tests of the Equivalence Principle and post-Newtonian gravity, and study of the Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition in layered superfluids. Technology applications include development of precision gryoscopes and gravity gradiometers. The talk will conclude with speculative remarks looking to the future: Canmore » atom interference methods be sued to detect gravity waves? Can non-classical (entangled/squeezed state) atom sources lead to meaningful sensor performance improvements?« less
Introduction to the Special Section on Epigenetics.

PubMed

Lester, Barry M; Conradt, Elisabeth; Marsit, Carmen

2016-01-01

Epigenetics provides the opportunity to revolutionize our understanding of the role of genetics and the environment in explaining human behavior, although the use of epigenetics to study human behavior is just beginning. In this introduction, the authors present the basics of epigenetics in a way that is designed to make this exciting field accessible to a wide readership. The authors describe the history of human behavioral epigenetic research in the context of other disciplines and graphically illustrate the burgeoning of research in the application of epigenetic methods and principles to the study of human behavior. The role of epigenetics in normal embryonic development and the influence of biological and environmental factors altering behavior through epigenetic mechanisms and developmental programming are discussed. Some basic approaches to the study of epigenetics are reviewed. The authors conclude with a discussion of challenges and opportunities, including intervention, as the field of human behavioral epigenetics continue to grow. © 2016 The Authors. Child Development © 2016 Society for Research in Child Development, Inc.
Molecules of significance in planetary aeronomy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mohan, H.

1979-01-01

This monograph is basically devoted to spectroscopic information of the molecules of planetary interest. Only those molecules have been dealt with which have been confirmed spectroscopically to be present in the atmosphere of major planets of our solar system and play an important role in the aeronomy of the respective planets. An introduction giving the general conditions of planets and their atmospheres including the gaseous molecules is given. Some typical planetary spectra is presented and supported with a discussion on some basic concepts of optical absorption and molecular parameters that are important to the study of planetary atmospheres. Quantities like dipole moments, transition probabilities, Einstein coefficients and line strengths, radiative life times, absorption cross sections, oscillator strengths, line widths and profiles, equivalent widths, growth curves, bond strengths, electronic transition moments, Franck-Condon factors and r-centroids, etc., are discussed. Spectroscopic information and relevant data of 6 diatomic (HF, HCL, CO, H2, O2, N2) and 6 polyatomic (CO2, N2), O3, HeO, NH3, CH4) molecules are presented.
Lecture on Thermal Radiation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dennis, Brian R.

2006-01-01

This lecture will cover solar thermal radiation, particularly as it relates to the high energy solar processes that are the subject of this summer school. After a general review of thermal radiation from the Sun and a discussion of basic definitions, the various emission and absorption mechanisms will be described including black-body emission, bremsstrahlung, free-bound, and atomic line emissions of all kinds. The bulk of the time will be spent discussing the observational characteristics of thermal flare plasma and what can be learned about the flare energy release process from observations of the thermal radiation at all wavelengths. Information that has been learned about the morphology, temperature distribution, and composition of the flare plasma will be presented. The energetics of the thermal flare plasma will be discussed in relation to the nonthermal energy of the particles accelerated during the flare. This includes the total energy, the radiated and conductive cooling processes, and the total irradiated energy.
Learning Strategies for Post-Literacy and Continuing Education in Mali, Niger, Senegal, and Upper Volta. UIE Studies on Post-Literacy and Continuing Education 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dave, R. H., Ed.; And Others

This collection contains four papers discussing the outcomes of an international research project on the concept of lifelong education and its implications for educational reforms and development in developing nations. The following papers are included: "Rural Newspapers and Other Learning Strategies for Post-Literacy and Basic Education in…
The Role of the Small Private College in Creating a Moral, Spiritual Climate in American Society. CASC Newsletter Supplements, 1976-77.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hatfield, Mark

The capacity of American institutions to preserve and convey basic values to new generations has substantially diminished, suggests this former U.S. Senator from Oregon. His opinion is that the small private college can help create a moral and spiritual climate in society. The range of topics discussed includes: college preservation of values;…
Study of airborne science experiment management concepts for application to space shuttle, volume 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mulholland, D. R.; Reller, J. O., Jr.; Neel, C. B.; Haughney, L. C.

1973-01-01

Airborne research management and shuttle sortie planning at the Ames Research Center are reported. Topics discussed include: basic criteria and procedures for the formulation and approval of airborne missions; ASO management structure and procedures; experiment design, development, and testing aircraft characteristics and experiment interfaces; information handling for airborne science missions; mission documentation requirements; and airborne science methods and shuttle sortie planning.
Radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine practice

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kowalsky, R.J.; Perry, J.R.

1987-01-01

This book discusses the basic principles and clinical applications of radiopharmaceuticals. Topics include atomic physics as applied to radiopharmaceuticals, radionuclide generator function, nuclear pharmacy and safety, and radiopharmaceutical use in evaluating the major organ systems of the body. For each body system the author explains rationale for use, typical procedures, current agents of choice, and interpretation of results. Images, tables, and graphs illustrate normal and abnormal studies.
TERSSE: Definition of the Total Earth Resources System for the Shuttle Era. Volume 2: An Assessment of the Current State-of-the-Art

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1974-01-01

Results of a state-of-the-art assessment of technology areas which affect the Earth Resources Program are presented along with a functional description of the basic earth resources system. Major areas discussed include: spacecraft flight hardware, remote sensors, data processing techniques and hardware, user models, user interfaces, and operations technology.
Social vs. Clinical Perspectives on the Use of Information: Implications for School-based Information Systems. Systemic Evaluation Project.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sirotnik, Kenneth A.; And Others

This paper presents a study of the contrast of social and clinical perspectives on the selection and use of information by school staff, including: (1) an outline of the context and activities of the study; (2) a definition and discussion of the basic distinction between social and clinical perspectives; (3) an examination of case material…
Personality and organizational influences on aerospace human performance

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Helmreich, Robert L.

1989-01-01

Individual and organizational influences on performance in aerospace environments are discussed. A model of personality with demonstrated validity is described along with reasons why personality's effects on performance have been underestimated. Organizational forces including intergroup conflict and coercive pressures are also described. It is suggested that basic and applied research in analog situations is needed to provide necessary guidance for planning future space missions.

Centrifugal Pumps for Swimming Pools. National Sanitation Foundation Standard Number 17.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Sanitation Foundation, Ann Arbor, MI. Committee for Swimming Pool Equipment Standards.

The pumps discussed herein are intended to be used for recirculating water in swimming pools, both public and private. Included are the basic components which may be a part of a pump such as the housing, strainer, impeller, valves, and such other parts as are attached or a part of the pump as supplied by the manufacturer. This standard is intended…
Reviewing the curriculum for physics and technology in postgraduate sonography courses

PubMed Central

2015-01-01

Physics and technology is seen as a difficult subject by those training in medical ultrasound. The reasons for this are discussed. Who should teach the subject and what should be included are considered. Ways to approach the subject so as to make it more relevant and easier to learn are proposed and a basic syllabus is suggested in an appendix. PMID:27433234
Biosensing Technologies for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Detection: Status and New Developments

PubMed Central

Zhou, Lixia; He, Xiaoxiao; He, Dinggeng; Wang, Kemin; Qin, Dilan

2011-01-01

Biosensing technologies promise to improve Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) detection and management in clinical diagnosis, food analysis, bioprocess, and environmental monitoring. A variety of portable, rapid, and sensitive biosensors with immediate “on-the-spot” interpretation have been developed for M. tuberculosis detection based on different biological elements recognition systems and basic signal transducer principles. Here, we present a synopsis of current developments of biosensing technologies for M. tuberculosis detection, which are classified on the basis of basic signal transducer principles, including piezoelectric quartz crystal biosensors, electrochemical biosensors, and magnetoelastic biosensors. Special attention is paid to the methods for improving the framework and analytical parameters of the biosensors, including sensitivity and analysis time as well as automation of analysis procedures. Challenges and perspectives of biosensing technologies development for M. tuberculosis detection are also discussed in the final part of this paper. PMID:21437177
Interfacing microbiology and biotechnology. Conference abstracts

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Maupin, Julia A.

2001-05-19

The Interfacing Microbiology and Biotechnology Conference was attended by over 100 faculty, post-docs, students, and research scientists from the US, Europe, and Latin America. The conference successfully stimulated communication and the dissemination of knowledge among scientists involved in basic and applied research. The focus of the conference was on microbial physiology and genetics and included sessions on C1 metabolism, archaeal metabolism, proteases and chaperones, gene arrays, and metabolic engineering. The meeting provided the setting for in-depth discussions between scientists who are internationally recognized for their research in these fields. The following objectives were met: (1) The promotion of interaction andmore » future collaborative projects among scientists involved in basic and applied research which incorporates microbial physiology, genetics, and biochemistry; (2) the facilitation of communication of new research findings through seminars, posters, and abstracts; (3 ) the stimulation of enthusiasm and education among participants including graduate and undergraduate students.« less
[Culture and mental health in Haiti : a literature review].

PubMed

Pierre, Andrena; Minn, Pierre; Sterlin, Carlo; Annoual, Pascale C; Jaimes, Annie; Raphaël, Frantz; Raikhel, Eugene; Whitley, Rob; Rousseau, Cécile; Kirmayer, Laurence J

2010-01-01

This paper reviews and summarizes the available literature on Haitian mental health and mental health services. This review was conducted in light of the Haitian earthquake in January 2010. We searched Medline, Google Scholar and other available databases to gather scholarly literature relevant to mental health in Haiti. This was supplemented by consultation of key books and grey literature relevant to Haiti. The first part of the review describes historical, economic, sociological and anthropological factors essential to a basic understanding of Haiti and its people. This includes discussion of demography, family structure, Haitian economics and religion. The second part of the review focuses on mental health and mental health services. This includes a review of factors such as basic epidemiology of mental illness, common beliefs about mental illness, explanatory models, idioms of distress, help-seeking behavior, configuration of mental health services and the relationship between religion and mental health.
The background and theory of integrated risk management

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hunsucker, John L.

1995-01-01

While all good managers have always considered risk in their decision making, only recently have formal programs to do so been introduced. This report covers the logical structure behind the formulation of an integrated risk management plan (IRM). Included in the report are factors forcing the development of a formal plan to consider risk, the basic objective or purpose of an IRM, and desirable traits of such a plan. The report moves on to a discussion of background issues, seeks to formalize some definitions, and then discusses required information on threats. The report concludes with the steps for an IRM.
A survey of the alpha-nucleon interaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ali, S.; Ahmad, A. A. Z.; Ferdous, N.

1985-10-01

This paper gives a survey of the alpha-nucleon interaction and then describes experimental work on angular distributions of differential scattering cross sections and polarizations in proton-alpha and neutron-alpha scattering. The phenomenological approach, which includes the study of both local and nonlocal potentials reproducing the experimental alpha-nucleon scattering data, is discussed. Basic studies of the alpha-nucleon interaction attempting to build an interaction between an alpha particle and a nucleon from first principles are then described. The authors then present a critical discussion of the results with some concluding remarks suggesting the direction for further investigation.
IMAGES: An interactive image processing system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jensen, J. R.

1981-01-01

The IMAGES interactive image processing system was created specifically for undergraduate remote sensing education in geography. The system is interactive, relatively inexpensive to operate, almost hardware independent, and responsive to numerous users at one time in a time-sharing mode. Most important, it provides a medium whereby theoretical remote sensing principles discussed in lecture may be reinforced in laboratory as students perform computer-assisted image processing. In addition to its use in academic and short course environments, the system has also been used extensively to conduct basic image processing research. The flow of information through the system is discussed including an overview of the programs.
Development and demonstration of manufacturing processes for fabricating graphite/LARC 160 polyimide structural elements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Frost, R. K.; Jones, J. S.; Dynes, P. J.; Wykes, D. H.

1981-01-01

The development and demonstration of manufacturing technologies for the structural application of Celion graphite/LARC-160 polyimide composite material is discussed. Process development and fabrication of demonstration components are discussed. Process development included establishing quality assurance of the basic composite material and processing, nondestructive inspection of fabricated components, developing processes for specific structural forms, and qualification of processes through mechanical testing. Demonstration components were fabricated. The demonstration components consisted of flat laminates, skin/stringer panels, honeycomb panels, chopped fiber compression moldings, and a technology demonstrator segment (TDS) representative of the space shuttle aft body flap.
Results of Studying Astronomy Students’ Science Literacy, Quantitative Literacy, and Information Literacy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buxner, Sanlyn; Impey, Chris David; Follette, Katherine B.; Dokter, Erin F.; McCarthy, Don; Vezino, Beau; Formanek, Martin; Romine, James M.; Brock, Laci; Neiberding, Megan; Prather, Edward E.

2017-01-01

Introductory astronomy courses often serve as terminal science courses for non-science majors and present an opportunity to assess non future scientists’ attitudes towards science as well as basic scientific knowledge and scientific analysis skills that may remain unchanged after college. Through a series of studies, we have been able to evaluate students’ basic science knowledge, attitudes towards science, quantitative literacy, and informational literacy. In the Fall of 2015, we conducted a case study of a single class administering all relevant surveys to an undergraduate class of 20 students. We will present our analysis of trends of each of these studies as well as the comparison case study. In general we have found that students basic scientific knowledge has remained stable over the past quarter century. In all of our studies, there is a strong relationship between student attitudes and their science and quantitative knowledge and skills. Additionally, students’ information literacy is strongly connected to their attitudes and basic scientific knowledge. We are currently expanding these studies to include new audiences and will discuss the implications of our findings for instructors.
Stochastic differential equations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sobczyk, K.

1990-01-01

This book provides a unified treatment of both regular (or random) and Ito stochastic differential equations. It focuses on solution methods, including some developed only recently. Applications are discussed, in particular an insight is given into both the mathematical structure, and the most efficient solution methods (analytical as well as numerical). Starting from basic notions and results of the theory of stochastic processes and stochastic calculus (including Ito's stochastic integral), many principal mathematical problems and results related to stochastic differential equations are expounded here for the first time. Applications treated include those relating to road vehicles, earthquake excitations and offshoremore » structures.« less
Medication-related clinical decision support in computerized provider order entry systems: a review.

PubMed

Kuperman, Gilad J; Bobb, Anne; Payne, Thomas H; Avery, Anthony J; Gandhi, Tejal K; Burns, Gerard; Classen, David C; Bates, David W

2007-01-01

While medications can improve patients' health, the process of prescribing them is complex and error prone, and medication errors cause many preventable injuries. Computer provider order entry (CPOE) with clinical decision support (CDS), can improve patient safety and lower medication-related costs. To realize the medication-related benefits of CDS within CPOE, one must overcome significant challenges. Healthcare organizations implementing CPOE must understand what classes of CDS their CPOE systems can support, assure that clinical knowledge underlying their CDS systems is reasonable, and appropriately represent electronic patient data. These issues often influence to what extent an institution will succeed with its CPOE implementation and achieve its desired goals. Medication-related decision support is probably best introduced into healthcare organizations in two stages, basic and advanced. Basic decision support includes drug-allergy checking, basic dosing guidance, formulary decision support, duplicate therapy checking, and drug-drug interaction checking. Advanced decision support includes dosing support for renal insufficiency and geriatric patients, guidance for medication-related laboratory testing, drug-pregnancy checking, and drug-disease contraindication checking. In this paper, the authors outline some of the challenges associated with both basic and advanced decision support and discuss how those challenges might be addressed. The authors conclude with summary recommendations for delivering effective medication-related clinical decision support addressed to healthcare organizations, application and knowledge base vendors, policy makers, and researchers.
North Carolina's Basic Education Plan and the Arts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Page, Frances M.; Dyke, Lane

1990-01-01

Discusses the changes made by the North Carolina General Assembly in the state school system with the Basic Education Plan (BEP). The plan focuses on curriculum, class size, spiral curriculum, and competency examinations. Reports that the BEP views the arts as basic to education. (GG)
Policies to increase the social value of science and the scientist satisfaction. An exploratory survey among Harvard bioscientists.

PubMed Central

Ballabeni, Andrea; Boggio, Andrea; Hemenway, David

2014-01-01

Basic research in the biomedical field generates both knowledge that has a value per se regardless of its possible practical outcome and knowledge that has the potential to produce more practical benefits. Policies can increase the benefit potential to society of basic biomedical research by offering various kinds of incentives to basic researchers. In this paper we argue that soft incentives or “nudges” are particularly promising. However, to be well designed, these incentives must take into account the motivations, goals and views of the basic scientists. In the paper we present the results of an investigation that involved more than 300 scientists at Harvard Medical School and affiliated institutes. The results of this study suggest that some soft incentives could be valuable tools to increase the transformative value of fundamental investigations without affecting the spirit of the basic research and scientists’ work satisfaction. After discussing the findings, we discuss a few examples of nudges for basic researchers in the biomedical fields. PMID:24795807
Policies to increase the social value of science and the scientist satisfaction. An exploratory survey among Harvard bioscientists.

PubMed

Ballabeni, Andrea; Boggio, Andrea; Hemenway, David

2014-01-01

Basic research in the biomedical field generates both knowledge that has a value per se regardless of its possible practical outcome and knowledge that has the potential to produce more practical benefits. Policies can increase the benefit potential to society of basic biomedical research by offering various kinds of incentives to basic researchers. In this paper we argue that soft incentives or "nudges" are particularly promising. However, to be well designed, these incentives must take into account the motivations, goals and views of the basic scientists. In the paper we present the results of an investigation that involved more than 300 scientists at Harvard Medical School and affiliated institutes. The results of this study suggest that some soft incentives could be valuable tools to increase the transformative value of fundamental investigations without affecting the spirit of the basic research and scientists' work satisfaction. After discussing the findings, we discuss a few examples of nudges for basic researchers in the biomedical fields.
Modeling techniques for quantum cascade lasers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jirauschek, Christian; Kubis, Tillmann

2014-03-01

Quantum cascade lasers are unipolar semiconductor lasers covering a wide range of the infrared and terahertz spectrum. Lasing action is achieved by using optical intersubband transitions between quantized states in specifically designed multiple-quantum-well heterostructures. A systematic improvement of quantum cascade lasers with respect to operating temperature, efficiency, and spectral range requires detailed modeling of the underlying physical processes in these structures. Moreover, the quantum cascade laser constitutes a versatile model device for the development and improvement of simulation techniques in nano- and optoelectronics. This review provides a comprehensive survey and discussion of the modeling techniques used for the simulation of quantum cascade lasers. The main focus is on the modeling of carrier transport in the nanostructured gain medium, while the simulation of the optical cavity is covered at a more basic level. Specifically, the transfer matrix and finite difference methods for solving the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation and Schrödinger-Poisson system are discussed, providing the quantized states in the multiple-quantum-well active region. The modeling of the optical cavity is covered with a focus on basic waveguide resonator structures. Furthermore, various carrier transport simulation methods are discussed, ranging from basic empirical approaches to advanced self-consistent techniques. The methods include empirical rate equation and related Maxwell-Bloch equation approaches, self-consistent rate equation and ensemble Monte Carlo methods, as well as quantum transport approaches, in particular the density matrix and non-equilibrium Green's function formalism. The derived scattering rates and self-energies are generally valid for n-type devices based on one-dimensional quantum confinement, such as quantum well structures.
Modeling techniques for quantum cascade lasers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jirauschek, Christian; Kubis, Tillmann

2014-03-15

Quantum cascade lasers are unipolar semiconductor lasers covering a wide range of the infrared and terahertz spectrum. Lasing action is achieved by using optical intersubband transitions between quantized states in specifically designed multiple-quantum-well heterostructures. A systematic improvement of quantum cascade lasers with respect to operating temperature, efficiency, and spectral range requires detailed modeling of the underlying physical processes in these structures. Moreover, the quantum cascade laser constitutes a versatile model device for the development and improvement of simulation techniques in nano- and optoelectronics. This review provides a comprehensive survey and discussion of the modeling techniques used for the simulation ofmore » quantum cascade lasers. The main focus is on the modeling of carrier transport in the nanostructured gain medium, while the simulation of the optical cavity is covered at a more basic level. Specifically, the transfer matrix and finite difference methods for solving the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation and Schrödinger-Poisson system are discussed, providing the quantized states in the multiple-quantum-well active region. The modeling of the optical cavity is covered with a focus on basic waveguide resonator structures. Furthermore, various carrier transport simulation methods are discussed, ranging from basic empirical approaches to advanced self-consistent techniques. The methods include empirical rate equation and related Maxwell-Bloch equation approaches, self-consistent rate equation and ensemble Monte Carlo methods, as well as quantum transport approaches, in particular the density matrix and non-equilibrium Green's function formalism. The derived scattering rates and self-energies are generally valid for n-type devices based on one-dimensional quantum confinement, such as quantum well structures.« less
Basic science in a predoctoral family practice curriculum.

PubMed

Davies, T C; Barnett, B L

1978-02-01

A course in applied basic science was designed with topic material organized according to anatomic body regions. Details of the diagnostic method were explained early in the course, and clinical procedures for data gathering and problem analyzing were followed while the significance of basic science knowledge in dealing with clinical situations was described. A collection of 35mm slides constituted the focal point of the course. The authors conducted the course together and an atmosphere of intellectual honesty was developed through open discussion between faculty and students. Student curiosity was respected and rewarded. Summaries of the discussions were prepared retrospectively by the faculty instructors for review gy the students. This experience proved that family physicians can demonstrate effectively the relevance of basic science to clinical medicine.
Basic sciences agonize in Turkey!

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Akdemir, Fatma; Araz, Asli; Akman, Ferdi; Durak, Rıdvan

2016-04-01

In this study, changes from past to present in the departments of physics, chemistry, biology and mathematics, which are considered as the basic sciences in Turkey, are shown. The importance of basic science for the country emphasized and the status of our country was discussed with a critical perspective. The number of academic staff, the number of students, opened quotas according to years for these four departments at universities were calculated and analysis of the resulting changes were made. In examined graphics changes to these four departments were similar. Especially a significant change was observed in the physics department. Lack of jobs employing young people who have graduated from basic science is also an issue that must be discussed. There are also qualitative results of this study that we have discussed as quantitative. Psychological problems caused by unemployment have become a disease among young people. This study was focused on more quantitative results. We have tried to explain the causes of obtained results and propose solutions.
Review of Development Survey of Phase Change Material Models in Building Applications

PubMed Central

Akeiber, Hussein J.; Wahid, Mazlan A.; Hussen, Hasanen M.; Mohammad, Abdulrahman Th.

2014-01-01

The application of phase change materials (PCMs) in green buildings has been increasing rapidly. PCM applications in green buildings include several development models. This paper briefly surveys the recent research and development activities of PCM technology in building applications. Firstly, a basic description of phase change and their principles is provided; the classification and applications of PCMs are also included. Secondly, PCM models in buildings are reviewed and discussed according to the wall, roof, floor, and cooling systems. Finally, conclusions are presented based on the collected data. PMID:25313367

Health care facility-based decontamination of victims exposed to chemical, biological, and radiological materials.

PubMed

Koenig, Kristi L; Boatright, Connie J; Hancock, John A; Denny, Frank J; Teeter, David S; Kahn, Christopher A; Schultz, Carl H

2008-01-01

Since the US terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, concern regarding use of chemical, biological, or radiological weapons is heightened. Many victims of such an attack would present directly to health care facilities without first undergoing field decontamination. This article reviews basic tenets and recommendations for health care facility-based decontamination, including regulatory concerns, types of contaminants, comprehensive decontamination procedures (including crowd control, triage, removal of contaminated garments, cleaning of body contaminants, and management of contaminated materials and equipment), and a discussion of methods to achieve preparedness.
The Edmonton Public Schools Story: Internationally Renowned Superintendent Angus McBeath Chronicles His District's Successes and Failures. Policy Brief. No. S2007-13

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McBeath, Angus

2007-01-01

This publication is a transcript of Superintendent Angus McBeath's presentation to legislators and media at an Issues and Ideas Forum hosted by the Mackinac Center for Public Policy in Lansing, Michigan. McBeath discusses education reform in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, including: (1) Basic Elements of Reform; (2) School Employee Union Involvement;…
Shuttle derived vehicle analysis solid booster unmanned launch vehicle concept definition study, volume 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1983-01-01

The technical effort associated with the selection and definition of the recommended SRB-X concept is documented. Included are discussions concerning the trades leading to the selected concept, the analysis that established the concept's basic subsystem characteristics, selected configuration description and performance capabilities, launch site operations and facility needs, development schedule, cost characteristics, risk assessment, and a cursory comparison with other launch systems.
MOOCs 101: an introduction to massive open online courses.

PubMed

Hoy, Matthew B

2014-01-01

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are a new type of online class that allow anyone, anywhere, to participate via video lectures, computer graded tests, and discussion forums. This article will give a basic overview of what MOOCs are, how they work, and some of their inherent advantages and disadvantages. It will also explore what MOOCs mean for medical education and libraries. A list of MOOC-related resources is also included.
Fire resistant aircraft seat materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Trabold, E. L.

1978-01-01

The establishment of a technical data base for individual seat materials in order to facilitate materials selections is reviewed. The thermal response of multi-layer constructions representative of the basic functional layers of a typical future seat is examined. These functional layers include: (1) decorative fabric cover; (2) slip sheet (topper); (3) fire blocking layer; (4) cushion reinforcement; and (5) cushioning layer. The implications for material selection for full-scale seats are discussed.
Space Photovoltaic Research and Technology 1983. High Efficiency, Radiation Damage, and Blanket Technology

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1984-01-01

This three day conference, sixth in a series that began in 1974, was held at the NASA Lewis Research Center on October 18-20, 1983. The conference provided a forum for the discussion of space photovoltaic systems, their research status, and program goals. Papers were presented and workshops were held in a variety of technology areas, including basic cell research, advanced blanket technology, and radiation damage.
Satellite services system overview

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rysavy, G.

1982-01-01

The benefits of a satellite services system and the basic needs of the Space Transportation System to have improved satellite service capability are identified. Specific required servicing equipment are discussed in terms of their technology development status and their operative functions. Concepts include maneuverable television systems, extravehicular maneuvering unit, orbiter exterior lighting, satellite holding and positioning aid, fluid transfer equipment, end effectors for the remote manipulator system, teleoperator maneuvering system, and hand and power tools.
Introducing FNCS: Framework for Network Co-Simulation

ScienceCinema

None

2018-06-07

This video provides a basic overview of the PNNL Future Power Grid Initiative-developed Framework for Network Co-Simulation (FNCS). It discusses the increasing amounts of data coming from the power grid, and the need for a tool like FNCS that brings together data, transmission and distribution simulators. Included is a description of the FNCS architecture, and the advantages this new open source tool can bring to grid research and development efforts.
Introducing FNCS: Framework for Network Co-Simulation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

2014-10-23

This video provides a basic overview of the PNNL Future Power Grid Initiative-developed Framework for Network Co-Simulation (FNCS). It discusses the increasing amounts of data coming from the power grid, and the need for a tool like FNCS that brings together data, transmission and distribution simulators. Included is a description of the FNCS architecture, and the advantages this new open source tool can bring to grid research and development efforts.
Toward a descriptive model of solar particles in the heliosphere

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shea, M. A.; Smart, D. F.; Adams, James H., Jr.; Chenette, D.; Feynman, Joan; Hamilton, Douglas C.; Heckman, G. R.; Konradi, A.; Lee, Martin A.; Nachtwey, D. S.

1988-01-01

During a workshop on the interplanetary charged particle environment held in 1987, a descriptive model of solar particles in the heliosphere was assembled. This model includes the fluence, composition, energy spectra, and spatial and temporal variations of solar particles both within and beyong 1 AU. The ability to predict solar particle fluences was also discussed. Suggestions for specific studies designed to improve the basic model were also made.
Kinetic studies of ICF implosions

DOE PAGES

Kagan, Grigory; Herrmann, H. W.; Kim, Y. -H.; ...

2016-05-26

Here, kinetic effects on inertial confinement fusion have been investigated. In particular, inter-ion-species diffusion and suprathermal ion distribution have been analyzed. The former drives separation of the fuel constituents in the hot reacting core and governs mix at the shell/fuel interface. The latter underlie measurements obtained with nuclear diagnostics, including the fusion yield and inferred ion burn temperatures. Basic mechanisms behind and practical consequences from these effects are discussed.
Viewpoint: Back to the Basics in Social Studies? Personal Statements by Three Canadian Educators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sutherland, Neil; And Others

1977-01-01

Neil Sutherland discusses the historical context of the back to basics movement in social studies. Ken Osborne points out that the movement is stifling innovation. Max van Manen addresses the question of what curricula should be considered basic. (Author/RM)
Basic Finance

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vittek, J. F.

1972-01-01

A discussion of the basic measures of corporate financial strength, and the sources of the information is reported. Considered are: balance sheet, income statement, funds and cash flow, and financial ratios.
Overview of Optical and Thermal Laser-Tissue Interaction and Nomenclature

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Welch, Ashley J.; van Gemert, Martin J. C.

The development of a unified theory for the optical and thermal response of tissue to laser radiation is no longer in its infancy, though it is still not fully developed. This book describes our current understanding of the physical events that can occur when light interacts with tissue, particularly the sequence of formulations that estimate the optical and thermal responses of tissue to laser radiation. This overview is followed by an important chapter that describes the basic interactions of light with tissue. Part I considers basic tissue optics. Tissue is treated as an absorbing and scattering medium and methods are presented for calculating and measuring light propagation, including polarized light. Also, methods for estimating tissue optical properties from measurements of reflection and transmission are discussed. Part II concerns the thermal response of tissue owing to absorbed light, and rate reactions are presented for predicting the extent of laser induced thermal damage. Methods for measuring temperature, thermal properties, rate constants, pulsed ablation and laser tissue interactions are detailed. Part III is devoted to examples that use the theory presented in Parts I and II to analyze various medical applications of lasers. Discussions of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), forensic optics, and light stimulation of nerves are also included.
Population Disparities in Mental Health: Insights From Cultural Neuroscience

PubMed Central

Blizinsky, Katherine D.

2013-01-01

By 2050, nearly 1 in 5 Americans (19%) will be an immigrant, including Hispanics, Blacks, and Asians, compared to the 1 in 8 (12%) in 2005. They will vary in the extent to which they are at risk for mental health disorders. Given this increase in cultural diversity within the United States and costly population health disparities across cultural groups, it is essential to develop a more comprehensive understanding of how culture affects basic psychological and biological mechanisms. We examine these basic mechanisms that underlie population disparities in mental health through cultural neuroscience. We discuss the challenges to and opportunities for cultural neuroscience research to determine sociocultural and biological factors that confer risk for and resilience to mental health disorders across the globe. PMID:23927543
Population disparities in mental health: insights from cultural neuroscience.

PubMed

Chiao, Joan Y; Blizinsky, Katherine D

2013-10-01

By 2050, nearly 1 in 5 Americans (19%) will be an immigrant, including Hispanics, Blacks, and Asians, compared to the 1 in 8 (12%) in 2005. They will vary in the extent to which they are at risk for mental health disorders. Given this increase in cultural diversity within the United States and costly population health disparities across cultural groups, it is essential to develop a more comprehensive understanding of how culture affects basic psychological and biological mechanisms. We examine these basic mechanisms that underlie population disparities in mental health through cultural neuroscience. We discuss the challenges to and opportunities for cultural neuroscience research to determine sociocultural and biological factors that confer risk for and resilience to mental health disorders across the globe.
Basic Questions About the Solar System: The Need for Probes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ingersoll, Andrew P.

2005-01-01

Probes are an essential element in the scientific study of planets with atmospheres. In-situ measurements provide the most accurate determination of composition, winds, temperatures, clouds, and radiative fluxes. They address fundamental NASA objectives concerning volatile compounds, climate, and the origin of life. Probes also deliver landers and aerobots that help in the study of planetary surfaces. This talk focuses on Venus, Titan, and the giant planets. I review the basic science questions and discuss the recommended missions. I stress the need for a balanced program that includes an array of missions that increase in size by factors of two. Gaps in this array lead to failures and cancellations that are harmful to the program and to scientific exploration.
The Basics of Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells in T Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapies.

PubMed

Neal, Lillian R; Bailey, Stefanie R; Wyatt, Megan M; Bowers, Jacob S; Majchrzak, Kinga; Nelson, Michelle H; Haupt, Carl; Paulos, Chrystal M; Varela, Juan C

2017-01-01

Adoptive T cell transfer (ACT) can mediate objective responses in patients with advanced malignancies. There have been major advances in this field, including the optimization of the ex vivo generation of tumor-reactive lymphocytes to ample numbers for effective ACT therapy via the use of natural and artificial antigen presenting cells (APCs). Herein we review the basic properties of APCs and how they have been manufactured through the years to augment vaccine and T cell-based cancer therapies. We then discuss how these novel APCs impact the function and memory properties of T cells. Finally, we propose new ways to synthesize aAPCs to augment the therapeutic effectiveness of antitumor T cells for ACT therapy.
The Basics of Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells in T Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapies

PubMed Central

Neal, Lillian R.; Bailey, Stefanie R.; Wyatt, Megan M.; Bowers, Jacob S.; Majchrzak, Kinga; Nelson, Michelle H.; Haupt, Carl; Paulos, Chrystal M.; Varela, Juan C.

2017-01-01

Adoptive T cell transfer (ACT) can mediate objective responses in patients with advanced malignancies. There have been major advances in this field, including the optimization of the ex vivo generation of tumor-reactive lymphocytes to ample numbers for effective ACT therapy via the use of natural and artificial antigen presenting cells (APCs). Herein we review the basic properties of APCs and how they have been manufactured through the years to augment vaccine and T cell-based cancer therapies. We then discuss how these novel APCs impact the function and memory properties of T cells. Finally, we propose new ways to synthesize aAPCs to augment the therapeutic effectiveness of antitumor T cells for ACT therapy. PMID:28825053
Atmospheric verification mission for the TSS/STARFAC tethered satellite

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wood, George M., Jr.; Stuart, Thomas D.; Crouch, Donald S.; Deloach, Richard; Brown, Kenneth G.

1991-01-01

Two types of a tethered satellite system (TSS) - a basic 1.8-m-diameter spherical spacecraft and the Shuttle Tethered Aerothermodynamic Research Facility (STARFAC) are considered. Issues related to the deployment and retrieval of a large satellite with exceedingly long tethers are discussed, and the objectives of an Atmospheric Verification Mission (ATM) are outlined. Focus is concentrated on the ATM satellite which will fly after TSS-1 and before the fully instrumented and costlier TSS-2. The differences between the AVM and TSS-2, including the configuration of the aerodynamic stabilizers, instrumentation, and the materials of construction are outlined. The basic Kevlar tether defined for the TSS-2 is being considered for use with the AVM, however, a complex tether is under consideration as well.

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