Sample records for dislocated worker programs

  1. Worker Dislocation. Case Studies of Causes and Cures.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cook, Robert F., Ed.

    Case studies were made of the following dislocated worker programs: Cummins Engine Company Dislocated Worker Project; GM-UAW Metropolitan Pontiac Retraining and Employment Program; Minnesota Iron Range Dislocated Worker Project; Missouri Dislocated Worker Program Job Search Assistance, Inc.; Hillsborough, North Carolina, Dislocated Worker Project;…

  2. A Comparison of Starting Wages and Job Satisfaction for Reemployed Dislocated Workers Participating in the Rock County Dislocated Worker Program.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Borremans, Robert T.

    Following the economic recession of the early 1980's and the consequent high levels of unemployment in Rock County, a program was created at the Blackhawk Technical Institute (BTI) to assist dislocated workers reentering the labor force. The Rock County Dislocated Worker Program was intended as a comprehensive program with two principal activities…

  3. 78 FR 19736 - Notice on Reallotment of Workforce Investment Act (WIA) Title I Formula Allotted Funds for...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-02

    ... Dislocated Worker program for one State and distributed by formula to PY 2012 dislocated worker funds for... Investment Act (WIA) Title I Formula Allotted Funds for Dislocated Worker Activities for Program Year (PY... of dislocated worker formula allotted funds based on State financial reports submitted as of the end...

  4. 20 CFR 663.115 - What are the eligibility criteria for core services for dislocated workers in the adult and...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... services for dislocated workers in the adult and dislocated worker programs? 663.115 Section 663.115 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services...

  5. 20 CFR 663.115 - What are the eligibility criteria for core services for dislocated workers in the adult and...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... services for dislocated workers in the adult and dislocated worker programs? 663.115 Section 663.115 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated...

  6. 20 CFR 663.115 - What are the eligibility criteria for core services for dislocated workers in the adult and...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... services for dislocated workers in the adult and dislocated worker programs? 663.115 Section 663.115 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated...

  7. 20 CFR 663.115 - What are the eligibility criteria for core services for dislocated workers in the adult and...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... services for dislocated workers in the adult and dislocated worker programs? 663.115 Section 663.115 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated...

  8. 34 CFR 415.1 - What is the Demonstration Centers for the Training of Dislocated Workers Program?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... CENTERS FOR THE TRAINING OF DISLOCATED WORKERS PROGRAM General § 415.1 What is the Demonstration Centers for the Training of Dislocated Workers Program? The Demonstration Centers for the Training of... 34 Education 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false What is the Demonstration Centers for the Training of...

  9. 34 CFR 415.1 - What is the Demonstration Centers for the Training of Dislocated Workers Program?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... CENTERS FOR THE TRAINING OF DISLOCATED WORKERS PROGRAM General § 415.1 What is the Demonstration Centers for the Training of Dislocated Workers Program? The Demonstration Centers for the Training of... 34 Education 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What is the Demonstration Centers for the Training of...

  10. 20 CFR 663.110 - What are the eligibility criteria for core services for adults in the adult and dislocated worker...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... services for adults in the adult and dislocated worker programs? 663.110 Section 663.110 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker...

  11. 20 CFR 663.110 - What are the eligibility criteria for core services for adults in the adult and dislocated worker...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... services for adults in the adult and dislocated worker programs? 663.110 Section 663.110 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through...

  12. 20 CFR 663.110 - What are the eligibility criteria for core services for adults in the adult and dislocated worker...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... services for adults in the adult and dislocated worker programs? 663.110 Section 663.110 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker...

  13. 20 CFR 663.110 - What are the eligibility criteria for core services for adults in the adult and dislocated worker...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... services for adults in the adult and dislocated worker programs? 663.110 Section 663.110 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker...

  14. The Experiences of Older Adult Dislocated Workers in Community College Non-Credit Workforce Training Programs

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Williams, Stelfanie Sherrell

    2011-01-01

    The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the experiences of older adult dislocated workers who participated in community college non-credit workforce training programs. The research questions guiding the study were: (a) what are the experiences of older adult dislocated workers who attend community college non-credit workforce…

  15. 20 CFR 663.120 - Are displaced homemakers eligible for dislocated worker activities under WIA?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One-Stop Delivery... the adult program. ...

  16. 20 CFR 663.120 - Are displaced homemakers eligible for dislocated worker activities under WIA?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One-Stop Delivery... the adult program. ...

  17. 20 CFR 663.120 - Are displaced homemakers eligible for dislocated worker activities under WIA?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One-Stop Delivery... the adult program. ...

  18. 20 CFR 663.100 - What is the role of the adult and dislocated worker programs in the One-Stop delivery system?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false What is the role of the adult and dislocated... AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through...

  19. 20 CFR 663.100 - What is the role of the adult and dislocated worker programs in the One-Stop delivery system?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What is the role of the adult and dislocated... AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One-Stop...

  20. 20 CFR 663.100 - What is the role of the adult and dislocated worker programs in the One-Stop delivery system?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What is the role of the adult and dislocated... AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One-Stop...

  1. 20 CFR 663.100 - What is the role of the adult and dislocated worker programs in the One-Stop delivery system?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false What is the role of the adult and dislocated... AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through...

  2. 20 CFR 663.100 - What is the role of the adult and dislocated worker programs in the One-Stop delivery system?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false What is the role of the adult and dislocated... AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through...

  3. The Educational Needs of Dislocated Workers in Minnesota.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Park, Rosemarie J.; And Others

    A study was conducted to determine if dislocated workers in Minnesota felt they had sufficient reading and mathematics skills to obtain new employment or enter retraining programs. A representative group of 168 dislocated workers who had been employed in manufacturing, taconite mining, lumber, and farming were interviewed from June through…

  4. 20 CFR 663.115 - What are the eligibility criteria for core services for dislocated workers in the adult and...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What are the eligibility criteria for core... Through the One-Stop Delivery System § 663.115 What are the eligibility criteria for core services for dislocated workers in the adult and dislocated worker programs? (a) To be eligible to receive core services...

  5. Upward Mobility Programs in the Service Sector for Disadvantaged and Dislocated Workers. Volume I: Final Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Tao, Fumiyo; And Others

    Upward mobility programs in the service sector for low-skilled, economically disadvantaged, and dislocated or displaced workers promote employment security, career development, and productivity. Two basic types of upward mobility programs are basic and job-specific skills training. Although 60-80 percent of all employer-sponsored formal training…

  6. An Agenda for the 90's: Strategies and Tactics for Conducting an Effective Dislocated Worker Training Program.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Spaid, Robin L.; Parsons, Michael H.

    In August 1983, when the second largest employer in Washington County, Maryland, closed its plant, the local unemployment rate was 13%. The following month, Hagerstown Junior College (HJC) received $50,000 in state funds to initiate a dislocated worker (DLW) program. The program included orientation by a counselor, diagnostic testing, and…

  7. 75 FR 69126 - Proposed Information Collection Request (ICR) for the Workforce Investment Act Random Assignment...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-11-10

    ... Random Assignment Impact Evaluation of the Adult and Dislocated Worker Program; Comment Request AGENCY... fragmented system of employment and training programs under JTPA and providing universal access to basic (core) services. To determine whether the adult and dislocated worker services funded by Title I of the...

  8. Upward Mobility Programs in the Service Sector for Disadvantaged and Dislocated Workers. Volume II: Technical Appendices.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Tao, Fumiyo; And Others

    This volume contains technical and supporting materials that supplement Volume I, which describes upward mobility programs for disadvantaged and dislocated workers in the service sector. Appendix A is a detailed description of the project methodology, including data collection methods and information on data compilation, processing, and analysis.…

  9. 20 CFR 664.500 - May youth participate in both youth and adult/dislocated worker programs concurrently?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false May youth participate in both youth and adult... Enrollment § 664.500 May youth participate in both youth and adult/dislocated worker programs concurrently? (a) Yes, under the Act, eligible youth are 14 through 21 years of age. Adults are defined in the Act...

  10. 20 CFR 664.500 - May youth participate in both youth and adult/dislocated worker programs concurrently?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false May youth participate in both youth and adult... Concurrent Enrollment § 664.500 May youth participate in both youth and adult/dislocated worker programs concurrently? (a) Yes, under the Act, eligible youth are 14 through 21 years of age. Adults are defined in the...

  11. 20 CFR 664.500 - May youth participate in both youth and adult/dislocated worker programs concurrently?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false May youth participate in both youth and adult... Enrollment § 664.500 May youth participate in both youth and adult/dislocated worker programs concurrently? (a) Yes, under the Act, eligible youth are 14 through 21 years of age. Adults are defined in the Act...

  12. 20 CFR 664.500 - May youth participate in both youth and adult/dislocated worker programs concurrently?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false May youth participate in both youth and adult... Concurrent Enrollment § 664.500 May youth participate in both youth and adult/dislocated worker programs concurrently? (a) Yes, under the Act, eligible youth are 14 through 21 years of age. Adults are defined in the...

  13. 20 CFR 664.500 - May youth participate in both youth and adult/dislocated worker programs concurrently?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false May youth participate in both youth and adult... Concurrent Enrollment § 664.500 May youth participate in both youth and adult/dislocated worker programs concurrently? (a) Yes, under the Act, eligible youth are 14 through 21 years of age. Adults are defined in the...

  14. 20 CFR 663.440 - What are the requirements for consumer choice?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... a training provider is paid by the applicable adult or dislocated worker program under title I of...? 663.440 Section 663.440 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Individual...

  15. Dislocated Workers and Midcareer Retraining in Other Industrial Nations.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bendick, Marc, Jr.

    Market-oriented industrial nations other than the United States have experienced rapid structural changes in their economies and reemployment problems among dislocated midcareer workers. The Swedish active labor market approach is a socialized one. This system has been criticized for excessive reliance on microeconomic labor market programs to…

  16. Oversight Hearings on Dislocated Workers. Hearings before the Subcommittee on Labor-Management Relations of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (April 20, July 29, and September 20, 1993).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. House Committee on Small Business.

    This document records the oral and written testimony given by witnesses at a series of three Congressional hearings conducted in 1993 to review federal retraining programs for dislocated workers. Witnesses included representatives of federal and state agencies, and Private Industry Councils. Witnesses testified about their programs and what has…

  17. Ford, Change, and Community Colleges: An Important Partnership.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Petersen, Donald E.

    1987-01-01

    Describes two cooperative programs involving the Ford Motor Company and community colleges: the voluntary joint United Auto Workers-Ford Employee Development and Training Program, which serves both dislocated and active workers; and the Ford ASSET (Automotive Student Service Educational Training) Program, a two-year cooperative work study program.…

  18. 20 CFR 663.110 - What are the eligibility criteria for core services for adults in the adult and dislocated worker...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What are the eligibility criteria for core... the One-Stop Delivery System § 663.110 What are the eligibility criteria for core services for adults in the adult and dislocated worker programs? To be eligible to receive core services as an adult in...

  19. Using O*NET in Dislocated Worker Retraining: The Toledo Dislocated Worker Consortium Project.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sommers, Dixie; Austin, James

    A project used the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) to assist eligible dislocated workers in determining whether training offered by the Toledo Dislocated Worker Consortium fit their needs. More specifically, O*NET was used to help the dislocated workers understand whether they had knowledge and skills that were transferable into the…

  20. 20 CFR 663.105 - When must adults and dislocated workers be registered?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false When must adults and dislocated workers be... LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One-Stop Delivery System § 663.105 When must...

  1. 20 CFR 663.105 - When must adults and dislocated workers be registered?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false When must adults and dislocated workers be... LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One-Stop Delivery System § 663.105 When must...

  2. 20 CFR 663.105 - When must adults and dislocated workers be registered?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false When must adults and dislocated workers be... LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One-Stop Delivery System § 663.105 When must...

  3. 20 CFR 663.105 - When must adults and dislocated workers be registered?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false When must adults and dislocated workers be... LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One-Stop Delivery System § 663.105 When must adults and...

  4. 20 CFR 631.30 - Designation or creation and functions of a State dislocated worker unit or office, and rapid...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... provision of early intervention services and other appropriate forms of immediate assistance in response to... Governor and the State Council to assist in providing an adequate information base for effective program... workers under the NAFTA Worker Security Act for which the Governor has made a finding under § 631.3(j...

  5. Worker Dislocation and Its Consequences.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Rosenbaum, Allan; Zirkin, Barbara G.

    A study examined the socioeconomic characteristcs, family and social supportive services, economic and social difficulties, education and training levels, and ways in which dislocated workers in Maryland found reemployment. Data were collected from in-depth personal interviews with 9 dislocated workers, questionnaires administered to 45 unemployed…

  6. Dislocated Workers. Trade Adjustment Assistance Program Flawed. Statement of Linda G. Morra, Director of Education and Employment Issues, Human Resources Division. Testimony before the Subcommittee on Employment, Housing and Aviation, Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. Div. of Human Resources.

    The Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) program is designed to help the more than 1 million workers per year who lose their jobs because of permanent layoffs or plant closures, due in part because of imports. Studies show, however, that the TAA program fails to meet the seven goals of a successful reemployment assistance program: (1) TAA benefits…

  7. 20 CFR 663.220 - Who may receive intensive services?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ...) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Intensive Services § 663.220 Who may receive intensive services? There are two categories of adults and dislocated workers who may receive intensive services: (a) Adults and dislocated workers who are unemployed, have...

  8. 20 CFR 671.140 - What are the allowable activities and what dislocated workers may be served under national...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... dislocated workers may be served under national emergency grants? 671.140 Section 671.140 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS... grant if the worker is enrolled in training by the end of the 16th week following layoff; and (3) Under...

  9. The One-Stop Job Shop.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kiser, Kim

    1998-01-01

    Minnesota's WorkForce Centers are a model of state employment services. The centers assist those in need of initiatives such as dislocated worker programs, welfare-to-work services, services for the blind, employment-and-training programs, veterans' services, and job-search assistance. (JOW)

  10. The Petri Project Pipeline for Education, Training Resources, and Innovation

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Adams, Cindy; Bortz, Carolyn

    2010-01-01

    Northampton Community College (NCC) responded to an industry identified need within the regional biotechnology community for entry-level production workers in biomanufacturing. In an effort to meet this need and create a transitional program of study for dislocated and incumbent workers, NCC partnered with the local Workforce Investment Boards,…

  11. 20 CFR 666.200 - Under what circumstances is a State eligible for an Incentive Grant?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... for the adult, dislocated worker and youth programs under title I of WIA as well as the customer satisfaction indicators for WIA title I programs; (b) The adjusted levels of performance for title II Adult...

  12. 20 CFR 663.200 - What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false What are intensive services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Intensive Services § 663.200 What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers? (a...

  13. 20 CFR 663.200 - What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false What are intensive services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Intensive Services § 663.200 What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers? (a...

  14. 20 CFR 663.800 - What are supportive services for adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false What are supportive services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Supportive Services § 663.800 What are supportive services for adults and dislocated workers...

  15. 20 CFR 663.800 - What are supportive services for adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What are supportive services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Supportive Services § 663.800 What are supportive services for adults and dislocated workers? Supportive...

  16. 20 CFR 663.300 - What are training services for adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What are training services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Training Services § 663.300 What are training services for adults and dislocated workers? Training services...

  17. 20 CFR 663.200 - What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false What are intensive services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Intensive Services § 663.200 What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers? (a...

  18. 20 CFR 663.800 - What are supportive services for adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false What are supportive services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Supportive Services § 663.800 What are supportive services for adults and dislocated workers...

  19. 20 CFR 663.800 - What are supportive services for adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false What are supportive services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Supportive Services § 663.800 What are supportive services for adults and dislocated workers...

  20. 20 CFR 663.300 - What are training services for adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false What are training services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Training Services § 663.300 What are training services for adults and dislocated workers...

  1. 20 CFR 663.300 - What are training services for adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What are training services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Training Services § 663.300 What are training services for adults and dislocated workers? Training services...

  2. 20 CFR 663.800 - What are supportive services for adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What are supportive services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Supportive Services § 663.800 What are supportive services for adults and dislocated workers? Supportive...

  3. 20 CFR 663.300 - What are training services for adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false What are training services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Training Services § 663.300 What are training services for adults and dislocated workers...

  4. 20 CFR 663.200 - What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What are intensive services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Intensive Services § 663.200 What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers? (a) Intensive...

  5. 20 CFR 663.300 - What are training services for adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false What are training services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Training Services § 663.300 What are training services for adults and dislocated workers...

  6. Credential Attainment by Older Workers: The Role of Community Colleges and the Dislocated Worker Program in Successful Employment Outcomes

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cummins, Phyllis Ann

    2013-01-01

    Workers are remaining in the labor force at older ages and despite their desire to work, those without jobs face unprecedented durations of unemployment. Many of the unemployed lack current skills for jobs in demand and need to either upgrade their skills or be trained for a new occupation to become reemployed. An aging workforce combined with…

  7. 20 CFR 663.150 - What core services must be provided to adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What core services must be provided to adults... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One-Stop Delivery System § 663...

  8. 20 CFR 663.145 - What services are WIA title I adult and dislocated workers formula funds used to provide?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false What services are WIA title I adult and... TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One...

  9. 20 CFR 663.150 - What core services must be provided to adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false What core services must be provided to adults... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One-Stop Delivery...

  10. 20 CFR 663.145 - What services are WIA title I adult and dislocated workers formula funds used to provide?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false What services are WIA title I adult and... TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One...

  11. 20 CFR 663.150 - What core services must be provided to adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false What core services must be provided to adults... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One-Stop Delivery...

  12. 20 CFR 663.145 - What services are WIA title I adult and dislocated workers formula funds used to provide?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false What services are WIA title I adult and... TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One...

  13. 20 CFR 663.150 - What core services must be provided to adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false What core services must be provided to adults... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One-Stop Delivery...

  14. Factors Related to Predicting Grade Point Averages of Dislocated Workers at a Rural Community College

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gregory, James Brent

    2010-01-01

    The purpose of the study was to examine relationships which existed between selected demographics and college grade point averages "GPAs" for dislocated workers and non dislocated workers enrolled in career-technical courses at a rural community college. The variables included in the study are age, gender, and marital status. The study…

  15. Machine Tool Technology. Tutoring Strategies for Metal Workers.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Anoka-Hennepin Technical Coll., Minneapolis, MN.

    This tutoring strategies course designed to prepare tutors in a machine tool technology program was developed during a project to retrain defense industry workers at risk of job loss or dislocation because of conversion of the defense industry. Course contents are as follows: why you are here; qualifications of a tutor; what's in it for tutors,…

  16. 20 CFR 663.610 - Does the statutory priority for use of adult funds also apply to dislocated worker funds?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Does the statutory priority for use of adult... TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE... priority for use of adult funds also apply to dislocated worker funds? No, the statutory priority applies...

  17. 20 CFR 663.610 - Does the statutory priority for use of adult funds also apply to dislocated worker funds?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Does the statutory priority for use of adult... TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE... priority for use of adult funds also apply to dislocated worker funds? No, the statutory priority applies...

  18. 20 CFR 663.610 - Does the statutory priority for use of adult funds also apply to dislocated worker funds?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Does the statutory priority for use of adult... TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE... adult funds also apply to dislocated worker funds? No, the statutory priority applies to adult funds for...

  19. 20 CFR 663.145 - What services are WIA title I adult and dislocated workers formula funds used to provide?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What services are WIA title I adult and... TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One-Stop Delivery...

  20. 20 CFR 663.610 - Does the statutory priority for use of adult funds also apply to dislocated worker funds?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Does the statutory priority for use of adult... TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE... adult funds also apply to dislocated worker funds? No, the statutory priority applies to adult funds for...

  1. 20 CFR 663.610 - Does the statutory priority for use of adult funds also apply to dislocated worker funds?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Does the statutory priority for use of adult... TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE... priority for use of adult funds also apply to dislocated worker funds? No, the statutory priority applies...

  2. 20 CFR 663.145 - What services are WIA title I adult and dislocated workers formula funds used to provide?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What services are WIA title I adult and... TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services Through the One-Stop Delivery...

  3. Women and Plant Closings: Unemployment, Reemployment, and Job Training Enrollment Following Dislocation.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Smith, Suzanna D.; Price, Sharon J.

    Thousands of workers have been dislocated from jobs in the textile and apparel industries as a result of recessions and structural changes in the economy. Because of the large concentrations of female workers in these industries, women have been particularly vulnerable to dislocation. This study examined job dislocation and factors that affect…

  4. Parenting Education Supplement for Family and Career Transitions Resource Guide.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ohio State Dept. of Education, Columbus. Div. of Vocational and Career Education.

    This guide, which was developed to assist instructors of several Ohio programs for special adult audiences (including programs for displaced homemakers, dislocated workers, single parents who are school dropouts, and adults needing help coordinating work and family roles), contains a series of curriculum modules devoted to selected aspects of…

  5. The Community College and Career Training Grant Program: Lessons Learned from the Field and Recommendations

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Uhalde, Ray; Kazis, Richard

    2010-01-01

    The new Community College and Career Training Grant Program to be launched this fall presents an important opportunity to help more American workers find better long-term employment more efficiently, through the promotion of innovative training and education programs that incorporate the best of what works for dislocated and unemployed adult…

  6. 20 CFR 671.130 - When should applications for national emergency grants be submitted to the Department?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS § 671.130... dislocated worker funds are inadequate to provide the level of services needed by the workers being laid off...

  7. 20 CFR 671.130 - When should applications for national emergency grants be submitted to the Department?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS § 671.130... dislocated worker funds are inadequate to provide the level of services needed by the workers being laid off...

  8. 20 CFR 663.508 - What is a “program of training services”?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What is a âprogram of training servicesâ? 663.508 Section 663.508 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training...

  9. 20 CFR 663.508 - What is a “program of training services”?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What is a âprogram of training servicesâ? 663.508 Section 663.508 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training...

  10. The New Dislocated Worker. Trends and Issues Alerts.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Imel, Susan

    In the past, worker displacement resulting from structural changes in the economy remained confined to industrial occupations such as manufacturing. The recent trends toward corporate restructuring, global competition, and military downsizing have created new groups of dislocated workers, including upper and middle management and military…

  11. 20 CFR 639.4 - Who must give notice?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR WORKER ADJUSTMENT AND... dislocated worker unit and the chief elected official of a unit of local government. (See definitions in... their representative(s), the State dislocated worker unit and the chief elected official of a unit of...

  12. 20 CFR 663.105 - When must adults and dislocated workers be registered?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... transfer, personal interview, or an individual's application. (b) Adults and dislocated workers who receive... signified that interest by submitting personal information in response to a request from the recipient. ...

  13. Dislocated Worker Human Capital Depreciation and Recovery. Upjohn Institute Staff Working Paper 90-04.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hollenbeck, Kevin

    This study examined the characteristics of dislocated workers' wage profiles upon reemployment. In particular, it related these profiles to the model developed by Mincer and Ofek (1982). An inference from this model was that workers recovered wage losses relatively rapidly. Explanations for a steeply sloped reentry wage profile were as follows:…

  14. 20 CFR 671.140 - What are the allowable activities and what dislocated workers may be served under national...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS... workers, described at WIA section 173(c)(2) or (d)(2). (b) Adjustment assistance includes the core, intensive, and training services authorized at WIA sections 134(d) and 173. The scope of services to be...

  15. 20 CFR 671.110 - What are major economic dislocations or other events which may qualify for a national emergency...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS... emergency grant? These include: (a) Plant closures; (b) Mass layoffs affecting 50 or more workers at a...

  16. 20 CFR 663.165 - How long must an individual be in core services in order to be eligible for intensive services?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services...

  17. 20 CFR 663.165 - How long must an individual be in core services in order to be eligible for intensive services?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services...

  18. 20 CFR 663.165 - How long must an individual be in core services in order to be eligible for intensive services?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and Dislocated Worker Services...

  19. 20 CFR 663.500 - What is the purpose of this subpart?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... Section 663.500 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663..., identify training providers and programs whose performance qualifies them to receive WIA funds to train...

  20. Plant Closings. Limited Advance Notice and Assistance Provided Dislocated Workers. Report to Congressional Committees.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. Div. of Human Resources.

    This is the final report in a series issued to assist Congress in assessing the problems of worker dislocation and employer practices related to advance notice and assistance provided to workers. A national survey of 2,600 business establishments was conducted to determine: (1) the extent of business closures and permanent layoffs between January…

  1. Multiple Employment Training Programs. Conflicting Requirements Hamper Delivery of Services. Report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Employment and Productivity, Committee on Labor and Human Resources, U.S. Senate.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. Health, Education, and Human Services Div.

    The General Accounting Office reviewed the eligibility requirements and annual operating cycles of 38 programs providing employment training (ET) assistance to economically disadvantaged, older, younger, and dislocated workers at a cost of $8.1 billion. The review confirmed that conflicting eligibility requirements and differences in annual…

  2. 20 CFR 663.515 - What is the process for initial determination of provider eligibility?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... provider eligibility? (a) To be eligible to receive adult or dislocated worker training funds under title I... of provider eligibility? 663.515 Section 663.515 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE...

  3. 20 CFR 671.100 - What is the purpose of national emergency grants under WIA section 173?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... grants under WIA section 173? 671.100 Section 671.100 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS § 671.100 What is the... provide supplemental dislocated worker funds to States, Local Boards and other eligible entities in order...

  4. 20 CFR 671.100 - What is the purpose of national emergency grants under WIA section 173?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... grants under WIA section 173? 671.100 Section 671.100 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS § 671.100 What is the... provide supplemental dislocated worker funds to States, Local Boards and other eligible entities in order...

  5. The Impact of Human Capital-Based Education and Training Programs on an Economically Marginalized Rural County in Appalachia

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hall, Donna Jo

    2009-01-01

    Beginning in the 1970s, low-wage manufacturing areas in advanced industrialized countries experienced deindustrialization and worker dislocation as transnational corporations left for sites of lower-cost labor. In response, communities sought to rebuild their economies and pursue new employment opportunities in the restructured labor markets of…

  6. Oversight Hearing on the Job Training Partnership Act (Part 3). Hearing before the Subcommittee on Employment Opportunities of the Committee on Education and Labor, House of Representatives, Ninety-Ninth Congress, First Session (Montebello, CA, November 8, 1985).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. House Committee on Education and Labor.

    This hearing focuses on the implementation of the Dislocated Worker Program as well as the concerns of those responsible for the program's administration. Representative Augustus Hawkins, chairman of the Subcommittee on Employment Opportunities, opened the hearing by urging that more funds (rather than the proposed 55 percent reduction) are…

  7. Customer Satisfaction Perceptions of Dislocated Workers Served by WIN Job Centers in the Mississippi Corridor Consortium

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Washburn, Dava Michelle

    2009-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions of satisfaction of dislocated workers served by WIN Job Centers in the Mississippi Corridor Consortium. Four WIN Job Centers participated in this study: Northeast Mississippi Community College WIN Job Center in Corinth, Northwest Mississippi Community College WIN Job Center in Oxford,…

  8. 20 CFR 631.30 - Designation or creation and functions of a State dislocated worker unit or office, and rapid...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Designation or creation and functions of a... TRAINING PARTNERSHIP ACT State Administration § 631.30 Designation or creation and functions of a State dislocated worker unit or office, and rapid response assistance. (a) Designation or creation of State...

  9. 20 CFR 631.30 - Designation or creation and functions of a State dislocated worker unit or office, and rapid...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Designation or creation and functions of a... TRAINING PARTNERSHIP ACT State Administration § 631.30 Designation or creation and functions of a State dislocated worker unit or office, and rapid response assistance. (a) Designation or creation of State...

  10. 20 CFR 663.150 - What core services must be provided to adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What core services must be provided to adults....150 What core services must be provided to adults and dislocated workers? (a) At a minimum, all of the core services described in WIA section 134(d)(2) and 20 CFR 662.240 must be provided in each local area...

  11. Employment and Training Programs to Reduce Structural Unemployment. A Statement before the Joint Economic Committee, United States Congress.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bendick, Marc, Jr.

    Federal initiatives should be undertaken to reduce long-term structural unemployment in the United States. Long-term structural unemployment has risen during the 1970s and 1980s but is still primarily a problem of disadvantaged workers, not dislocated ones. The impact of technological change on occupations is felt mainly by the employed who are…

  12. Machine Tool Technology. Automatic Screw Machine Troubleshooting & Set-Up Training Outlines [and] Basic Operator's Skills Set List.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Anoka-Hennepin Technical Coll., Minneapolis, MN.

    This set of two training outlines and one basic skills set list are designed for a machine tool technology program developed during a project to retrain defense industry workers at risk of job loss or dislocation because of conversion of the defense industry. The first troubleshooting training outline lists the categories of problems that develop…

  13. Marketing Strategies Preferred by South Carolina One-Stop Career Center Area Directors to Attract Dislocated Workers under the Workforce Investment Act of 1998: Policy Implications

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ratliff, Eugene F.

    2011-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to determine the marketing strategies South Carolina One-Stop Career Centers Area Directors felt provided the best opportunity for dislocated workers to learn about their services. Two theories emerged: the Service Marketing Theory and the Word-of-Mouth Marketing Theory. Of the 36 area directors cited for this study,…

  14. 20 CFR 663.720 - What are the requirements for customized training for employed workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... training for employed workers? 663.720 Section 663.720 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE... customized training for employed workers? Customized training of an eligible employed individual may be...

  15. 20 CFR 663.720 - What are the requirements for customized training for employed workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... training for employed workers? 663.720 Section 663.720 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE... customized training for employed workers? Customized training of an eligible employed individual may be...

  16. 20 CFR 639.7 - What must the notice contain?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 639.7 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR WORKER... affected and the names of the workers currently holding affected jobs. The notice may include additional information useful to the employees such as information on available dislocated worker assistance, and, if the...

  17. 20 CFR 639.6 - Who must receive notice?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR WORKER ADJUSTMENT AND... worker unit. Since the States are restructuring to implement training under EDWAA, service of notice upon... representative at that time, to each affected employee. Notice also must be served on the State dislocated worker...

  18. Evaluation of Worker Profiling and Reemployment Services Systems: Interim Report. Unemployment Insurance Occasional Paper 96-1.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hawkins, Evelyn K.; And Others

    The Evaluation of Worker Profiling and Reemployment Services (WPRS) systems was designed to provide the U.S. Department of Labor information on how states are designing, implementing, and operating their worker profiling and reemployment services systems for dislocated workers and to compare the effectiveness of different state approaches to…

  19. A Qualitative Study of the Dislocated Working Class

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fouad, Nadya A.; Cotter, Elizabeth W.; Carter, Laura; Bernfeld, Steven; Gray, India; Liu, Jane P.

    2012-01-01

    This qualitative study examines factors that influence the career decisions of dislocated workers. The research focuses on individuals identified as working class, as this group has been relatively ignored in past research compared to individuals from higher socioeconomic statuses. Participants include 13 individuals (10 females and 3 males)…

  20. 20 CFR 663.705 - What are the requirements for OJT contracts for employed workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... for employed workers? 663.705 Section 663.705 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT On-the-Job Training (OJT) and Customized Training § 663.705 What are the requirements for OJT...

  1. 20 CFR 671.160 - What rapid response activities are required before a national emergency grant application is...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS... needs of the affected workers and the resources available to them. (b) In accordance with national... section 132(b)(2)(B) of the Act, have been used to initiate appropriate services to the eligible workers...

  2. 20 CFR 671.160 - What rapid response activities are required before a national emergency grant application is...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS... needs of the affected workers and the resources available to them. (b) In accordance with national... section 132(b)(2)(B) of the Act, have been used to initiate appropriate services to the eligible workers...

  3. Rural Dislocated Women in Career Transition: The Importance of Supports and Strategies

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    McAtee, Atticia B.; Benshoff, James M.

    2006-01-01

    Job loss researchers have focused on the physical and mental well being of White working and middle class men, their families, friends, and coworkers to with immediate reemployment as the outcome. This study focused on low-income rural women dislocated workers and their decision to enroll in community college for retraining or seek immediate…

  4. Endangered Species Employment Transition Assistance Act of 1992. Hearing To Amend the Job Training Partnership Act To Establish an Endangered Species Employment Transition Assistance Program, and for Other Purposes, before the Subcommittee on Employment and Productivity of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Second Congress, Second Session.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources.

    This congressional hearing focuses on the Endangered Species Employment Transition Assistance Act of 1992, which would amend the Job Training Partnership Act to provide job training and supportive services to workers dislocated as a result of enforcement of the Endangered Species Act. Testimony includes statements, articles, publications,…

  5. Analysis of Workplace Accidents in Automotive Repair Workshops in Spain.

    PubMed

    López-Arquillos, Antonio; Rubio-Romero, Juan Carlos

    2016-09-01

    To analyze the effects of the factors associated with different types of injury (superficial wounds, dislocations and sprains, bone fractures, concussion and internal injuries, burns scalding and freezing) caused by occupational accidents in automotive repair workshops. Study of a sample consisting of 89,954 industry accidents reported from 2003 to 2008. Odds ratios were calculated with a 95% confidence interval. Belonging to a small company is a risk factor for suffering three of the five types of injury studied. Women are less likely to suffer burns and superficial wounds, and more likely to suffer dislocations or sprains. Foreign workers are more likely to suffer concussion and internal injuries. Health and safety strategies and accident prevention measures should be individualized and adapted to the type of worker most likely to be injured in each type of accident. Occupational health and safety training courses designed according to worker profile, and improving the participation of the workers in small firms creating regional or roving safety representatives would improve working conditions.

  6. Employment.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Social and Labour Bulletin, 1983

    1983-01-01

    A series of articles discusses employment issues in various countries: youth employment, reduced working hours and wage cuts, dislocated workers, government employment policies, and job creation. (SK)

  7. 20 CFR 631.65 - Special provisions for CAETA and DDP.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... job search outside the commuting area under CAETA. Allowances for job search outside the commuting... worker cannot reasonably be expected to secure suitable employment within the commuting area in which the... secure suitable employment within the commuting area in which the dislocated worker resides shall be...

  8. 20 CFR 631.65 - Special provisions for CAETA and DDP.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... job search outside the commuting area under CAETA. Allowances for job search outside the commuting... worker cannot reasonably be expected to secure suitable employment within the commuting area in which the... secure suitable employment within the commuting area in which the dislocated worker resides shall be...

  9. 20 CFR 631.65 - Special provisions for CAETA and DDP.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... job search outside the commuting area under CAETA. Allowances for job search outside the commuting... worker cannot reasonably be expected to secure suitable employment within the commuting area in which the... secure suitable employment within the commuting area in which the dislocated worker resides shall be...

  10. 20 CFR 663.505 - What are eligible providers of training services?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ...-B funds to provide training services to eligible adult and dislocated worker customers. (b) In order... worker funds to provide training: (i) To individuals using ITA's to access training through the eligible... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What are eligible providers of training...

  11. 20 CFR 663.505 - What are eligible providers of training services?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ...-B funds to provide training services to eligible adult and dislocated worker customers. (b) In order... worker funds to provide training: (i) To individuals using ITA's to access training through the eligible... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What are eligible providers of training...

  12. 20 CFR 631.62 - Cost limitations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... THE JOB TRAINING PARTNERSHIP ACT Federal Delivery of Dislocated Worker Services Through National... not adequately justify to the Grant Officer's satisfaction the costs to be incorporated into the grant...

  13. 20 CFR 631.62 - Cost limitations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... THE JOB TRAINING PARTNERSHIP ACT Federal Delivery of Dislocated Worker Services Through National... not adequately justify to the Grant Officer's satisfaction the costs to be incorporated into the grant...

  14. 20 CFR 663.245 - What is the individual employment plan?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Intensive Services § 663.245 What is the individual employment plan? The individual employment plan is an ongoing strategy...

  15. Traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation: a case study of nonoperative management in a mixed martial arts athlete.

    PubMed

    Sims, Kevin; Spina, Andreo

    2009-12-01

    To present an evidence-informed approach to the nonoperative management of a first-time, traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation. A 30-year-old mixed martial arts athlete, with no prior shoulder injuries, presented one day following a first-time, traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation. An eight-week, individualized, intensive, nonoperative rehabilitation program was immediately begun upon presentation. Management consisted of immobilization of the shoulder in external rotation and a progressive rehabilitation program aimed at restoring range of motion, strength of the dynamic stabilizers, and proprioception of the shoulder. Eight weeks post-dislocation the patient had regained full range of motion and strength compared to the unaffected limb and apprehension and relocation tests for instability were negative. This case illustrates successful management of a first-time, traumatic, anterior shoulder dislocation using immobilization in external rotation combined with an intensive rehabilitation program.

  16. Traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation: a case study of nonoperative management in a mixed martial arts athlete

    PubMed Central

    Sims, Kevin; Spina, Andreo

    2009-01-01

    Objective: To present an evidence-informed approach to the nonoperative management of a first-time, traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation. Clinical Features: A 30-year-old mixed martial arts athlete, with no prior shoulder injuries, presented one day following a first-time, traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation. An eight-week, individualized, intensive, nonoperative rehabilitation program was immediately begun upon presentation. Intervention and Outcome: Management consisted of immobilization of the shoulder in external rotation and a progressive rehabilitation program aimed at restoring range of motion, strength of the dynamic stabilizers, and proprioception of the shoulder. Eight weeks post-dislocation the patient had regained full range of motion and strength compared to the unaffected limb and apprehension and relocation tests for instability were negative. Conclusion: This case illustrates successful management of a first-time, traumatic, anterior shoulder dislocation using immobilization in external rotation combined with an intensive rehabilitation program. PMID:20037691

  17. 20 CFR 663.160 - Are there particular core services an individual must receive before receiving intensive services...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ....160 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and...

  18. 20 CFR 663.160 - Are there particular core services an individual must receive before receiving intensive services...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ....160 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and...

  19. 20 CFR 663.160 - Are there particular core services an individual must receive before receiving intensive services...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ....160 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult and...

  20. 20 CFR 663.220 - Who may receive intensive services?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... one core service and are unable to obtain employment through core services, and are determined by a... dislocated workers who are employed, have received at least one core service, and are determined by a One...

  1. 20 CFR 663.220 - Who may receive intensive services?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... one core service and are unable to obtain employment through core services, and are determined by a... dislocated workers who are employed, have received at least one core service, and are determined by a One...

  2. 20 CFR 663.200 - What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... intensive services, such as out-of-area job search assistance, literacy activities related to basic... experience is a planned, structured learning experience that takes place in a workplace for a limited period...

  3. 29 CFR Appendix V to Part 1918 - Basic Elements of a First Aid Training Program (Non-mandatory)

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... teaching first aid, and the recipients of first aid training. General Program Elements A. Teaching Methods... services. C. Methods of Surveying the Scene and the Victim(s) The training program should include... splinting. b. dislocations, especially the methods of joint dislocations of the upper extremity. The...

  4. 29 CFR Appendix V to Part 1918 - Basic Elements of a First Aid Training Program (Non-mandatory)

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... teaching first aid, and the recipients of first aid training. General Program Elements A. Teaching Methods... services. C. Methods of Surveying the Scene and the Victim(s) The training program should include... splinting. b. dislocations, especially the methods of joint dislocations of the upper extremity. The...

  5. America's Training Needs. Hearing on Reviewing the Subject of Training and Retraining of American Workers before the Subcommittee on Employment and Productivity of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundredth Congress, First Session.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources.

    This congressional report contains the testimony that was given at joint hearings to debate the passage of the Economic Dislocation and Worker Adjustment Assistance Act. The report contains testimony that was given by representatives of the following agencies and organizations: the American Society for Training and Development; the United Auto…

  6. Documentation of programs that compute 1) quasi-static tilts produced by an expanding dislocation loop in an elastic and viscoelastic material, and 2) surface shear stresses, strains, and shear displacements produced by screw dislocations in a vertical slab with modulus contrast

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    McHugh, Stuart

    1976-01-01

    The material in this report can be grouped into two categories: 1) programs that compute tilts produced by a vertically oriented expanding rectangular dislocation loop in an elastic or viscoelastic material and 2) programs that compute the shear stresses, strains, and shear displacements in a three-phase half-space (i.e. a half-space containing a vertical slab). Each section describes the relevant theory, and provides a detailed guide to the operation of the programs. A series of examples is provided at the end of each section.

  7. 20 CFR 663.555 - How is the State list disseminated?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... Section 663.555 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663... system, to customers seeking information on training outcomes, as well as participants in employment and...

  8. 20 CFR 663.555 - How is the State list disseminated?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... Section 663.555 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663... system, to customers seeking information on training outcomes, as well as participants in employment and...

  9. 20 CFR 663.210 - How are intensive services delivered?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false How are intensive services delivered? 663.210 Section 663.210 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Intensive Services...

  10. 77 FR 37070 - Proposed Collection of Information for the Evaluation of the Self-Employment Training...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-06-20

    ... to self-employment training and counseling services increases their likelihood of reemployment, their... workers might experience difficulties locating and accessing training and counseling services that could... development counseling services than prior demonstrations have offered; and (2) concentrate on dislocated...

  11. Economic Competition, Restructuring and Worker Dislocation.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Blalock, Ann Bonar, Ed.

    1995-01-01

    In this issue various concepts of economic change are examined. Part I looks at economic change as a context for focusing on workforce issues. Parts II and III discuss what is being done to address this contemporary problem. This issue contains the following papers: "Presidential Perspectives on Economic Change and Restructuring: An…

  12. 20 CFR 663.410 - What is an Individual Training Account (ITA)?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... of a participant. WIA title I adult and dislocated workers purchase training services from eligible... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What is an Individual Training Account (ITA)? 663.410 Section 663.410 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF...

  13. 20 CFR 663.400 - How are training services provided?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false How are training services provided? 663.400 Section 663.400 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Individual Training Accounts § 663...

  14. 20 CFR 663.595 - What requirements apply to providers of OJT and customized training?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... and customized training? 663.595 Section 663.595 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663.595 What requirements apply to providers of OJT and...

  15. 20 CFR 663.715 - What is customized training?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What is customized training? 663.715 Section 663.715 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT On-the-Job Training (OJT) and...

  16. 20 CFR 663.510 - Who is responsible for managing the eligible provider process?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... provider process? 663.510 Section 663.510 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663.510 Who is responsible for managing the eligible provider process? (a...

  17. 20 CFR 663.550 - How is eligible provider information developed and maintained?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... developed and maintained? 663.550 Section 663.550 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663.550 How is eligible provider information developed and maintained? (a...

  18. 20 CFR 671.105 - What funds are available for national emergency grants?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What funds are available for national emergency grants? 671.105 Section 671.105 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS § 671.105 What funds are available for...

  19. 20 CFR 663.710 - What conditions govern OJT payments to employers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... employers? 663.710 Section 663.710 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT On-the-Job Training (OJT) and Customized Training § 663.710 What conditions govern OJT payments to employers? (a) On...

  20. 20 CFR 663.710 - What conditions govern OJT payments to employers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... employers? 663.710 Section 663.710 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT On-the-Job Training (OJT) and Customized Training § 663.710 What conditions govern OJT payments to employers? (a) On...

  1. 20 CFR 663.410 - What is an Individual Training Account (ITA)?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... of a participant. WIA title I adult and dislocated workers purchase training services from eligible... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What is an Individual Training Account (ITA)? 663.410 Section 663.410 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF...

  2. 20 CFR 663.310 - Who may receive training services?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Who may receive training services? 663.310 Section 663.310 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Training Services § 663.310 Who...

  3. 20 CFR 663.550 - How is eligible provider information developed and maintained?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... developed and maintained? 663.550 Section 663.550 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663.550 How is eligible provider information developed and maintained? (a...

  4. 20 CFR 663.715 - What is customized training?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What is customized training? 663.715 Section 663.715 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT On-the-Job Training (OJT) and...

  5. 20 CFR 671.105 - What funds are available for national emergency grants?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What funds are available for national emergency grants? 671.105 Section 671.105 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS § 671.105 What funds are available for...

  6. 20 CFR 663.595 - What requirements apply to providers of OJT and customized training?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... and customized training? 663.595 Section 663.595 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663.595 What requirements apply to providers of OJT and...

  7. 20 CFR 663.155 - How are core services delivered?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false How are core services delivered? 663.155 Section 663.155 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult...

  8. 20 CFR 663.155 - How are core services delivered?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false How are core services delivered? 663.155 Section 663.155 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult...

  9. 20 CFR 663.155 - How are core services delivered?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false How are core services delivered? 663.155 Section 663.155 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Delivery of Adult...

  10. 20 CFR 663.245 - What is the individual employment plan?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false What is the individual employment plan? 663.245 Section 663.245 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Intensive...

  11. Telecommunications Policy Research Conference. Communication & Future Employment Trends Section. Papers.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Telecommunications Policy Research Conference, Inc., Washington, DC.

    Three papers consider various aspects of the labor market in the telecommunications field in the United States. The first, "Employment and Worker Dislocation in Telecommunications Equipment" (Julie Gorte, Office of Technology Assessment), notes that the increasing importance of international trade in the American economy has meant both a…

  12. 20 CFR 666.110 - May a Governor require additional indicators of performance?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false May a Governor require additional indicators... of Performance § 666.110 May a Governor require additional indicators of performance? Yes, Governors may develop additional indicators of performance for adults, youth and dislocated worker activities...

  13. 20 CFR 666.110 - May a Governor require additional indicators of performance?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false May a Governor require additional indicators... of Performance § 666.110 May a Governor require additional indicators of performance? Yes, Governors may develop additional indicators of performance for adults, youth and dislocated worker activities...

  14. Six-week physical rehabilitation protocol for anterior shoulder dislocation in athletes

    PubMed Central

    Gaballah, Ahmed; Zeyada, Mohamed; Elgeidi, Adham; Bressel, Eadric

    2017-01-01

    Anterior shoulder dislocations are common in young athletes. The mechanism for the first or primary shoulder dislocation may involve a collision or a fall typically with the arm in an abducted and externally rotated position. The aim of this study was to design a physical rehabilitation program using the elastic band and resistive exercise to improve joint strength and range of motion in individuals diagnosed with a first-time shoulder dislocation. Twelve physically active males with a first-time acute shoulder dislocation were asked to volunteer. Participants began a physical rehabilitation program 2 weeks after the shoulder dislocation, which was confirmed by a referring physician. The rehabilitation program was 6 weeks in duration and required the participants to engage in progressive resistive loads/duration using elastic bands and weights 5 days per week. Pretest and posttest measures included shoulder strength and range of motion. All outcome measures were compared between the injured and uninjured shoulder, which served as the control condition in this study. There were statistically significant differences between the injured and uninjured shoulder for measures of strength and range of motion during pretests (P<0.01) but not post-tests (P<0.53). Finally, there were no differences between shoulders in regards to the volume measure suggesting that any changes in muscle atrophy or swelling were not detected. The physical rehabilitation program proposed in this study was effective at improving strength and range of motion in the injured shoulder as evidenced by the similarity in posttest values between the injured and uninjured shoulder. PMID:28702449

  15. 20 CFR 663.585 - May individuals choose training providers located outside of the local area?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false May individuals choose training providers located outside of the local area? 663.585 Section 663.585 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE...

  16. 20 CFR 663.535 - What is the process for determining the subsequent eligibility of a provider?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... subsequent eligibility of a provider? 663.535 Section 663.535 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663.535 What is the process for determining the subsequent...

  17. 20 CFR 663.320 - What are the requirements for coordination of WIA training funds and other grant assistance?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... WIA training funds and other grant assistance? 663.320 Section 663.320 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Training Services § 663.320 What are the requirements for...

  18. 20 CFR 671.125 - What are the requirements for submitting applications for national emergency grants?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What are the requirements for submitting applications for national emergency grants? 671.125 Section 671.125 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS § 671.125 What are the...

  19. 20 CFR 663.565 - May an eligible training provider lose its eligibility?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... under these conditions is liable to repay all adult and dislocated worker training funds it received... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false May an eligible training provider lose its eligibility? 663.565 Section 663.565 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF...

  20. 20 CFR 671.120 - Who is eligible to apply for national emergency grants?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Who is eligible to apply for national emergency grants? 671.120 Section 671.120 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS § 671.120 Who is eligible to apply for...

  1. 20 CFR 663.540 - What kind of performance and cost information is required for determinations of subsequent...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663.540 What kind of performance... of training services must submit, at least annually, under procedures established by the Governor...

  2. 20 CFR 663.700 - What are the requirements for on-the-job training (OJT)?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... training (OJT)? 663.700 Section 663.700 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT On-the-Job Training (OJT) and Customized Training § 663.700 What are the requirements for on-the-job...

  3. 20 CFR 671.150 - How do statutory and workflex waivers apply to national emergency grants?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false How do statutory and workflex waivers apply to national emergency grants? 671.150 Section 671.150 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS § 671.150 How do statutory...

  4. 20 CFR 663.540 - What kind of performance and cost information is required for determinations of subsequent...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663.540 What kind of performance... of training services must submit, at least annually, under procedures established by the Governor...

  5. 20 CFR 663.535 - What is the process for determining the subsequent eligibility of a provider?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... subsequent eligibility of a provider? 663.535 Section 663.535 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663.535 What is the process for determining the subsequent...

  6. 20 CFR 663.585 - May individuals choose training providers located outside of the local area?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false May individuals choose training providers located outside of the local area? 663.585 Section 663.585 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE...

  7. 20 CFR 671.125 - What are the requirements for submitting applications for national emergency grants?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What are the requirements for submitting applications for national emergency grants? 671.125 Section 671.125 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS § 671.125 What are the...

  8. 20 CFR 663.565 - May an eligible training provider lose its eligibility?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... under these conditions is liable to repay all adult and dislocated worker training funds it received... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false May an eligible training provider lose its eligibility? 663.565 Section 663.565 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF...

  9. 20 CFR 671.150 - How do statutory and workflex waivers apply to national emergency grants?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false How do statutory and workflex waivers apply to national emergency grants? 671.150 Section 671.150 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS § 671.150 How do statutory...

  10. 20 CFR 671.120 - Who is eligible to apply for national emergency grants?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Who is eligible to apply for national emergency grants? 671.120 Section 671.120 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY GRANTS FOR DISLOCATED WORKERS § 671.120 Who is eligible to apply for...

  11. 20 CFR 663.420 - Can the duration and amount of ITA's be limited?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... limited? 663.420 Section 663.420 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Individual Training Accounts § 663.420 Can the duration and amount of ITA's be limited? (a) Yes, the State or Local...

  12. Prospering Together: America's Citizens, Communities and Companies

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Business Roundtable, 2008

    2008-01-01

    In this White Paper, the Business Roundtable recommends access to AMERICA 21, a 21st-century approach to lifelong learning for workers, as well as assistance for job dislocation. AMERICA 21 would channel funding from the myriad of existing initiatives into a modernized, streamlined system that leverages and builds on today's best private and…

  13. 20 CFR 663.820 - What are the eligibility requirements for adults to receive needs-related payments?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... adults to receive needs-related payments? 663.820 Section 663.820 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Supportive Services § 663.820 What are the eligibility requirements for adults to...

  14. 20 CFR 663.820 - What are the eligibility requirements for adults to receive needs-related payments?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... adults to receive needs-related payments? 663.820 Section 663.820 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE... requirements for adults to receive needs-related payments? Adults must: (a) Be unemployed, (b) Not qualify for...

  15. 20 CFR 663.820 - What are the eligibility requirements for adults to receive needs-related payments?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... adults to receive needs-related payments? 663.820 Section 663.820 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Supportive Services § 663.820 What are the eligibility requirements for adults to...

  16. 20 CFR 663.820 - What are the eligibility requirements for adults to receive needs-related payments?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... adults to receive needs-related payments? 663.820 Section 663.820 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE... requirements for adults to receive needs-related payments? Adults must: (a) Be unemployed, (b) Not qualify for...

  17. 20 CFR 663.820 - What are the eligibility requirements for adults to receive needs-related payments?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... adults to receive needs-related payments? 663.820 Section 663.820 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE... requirements for adults to receive needs-related payments? Adults must: (a) Be unemployed, (b) Not qualify for...

  18. 20 CFR 663.570 - What is the consumer reports system?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false What is the consumer reports system? 663.570... Providers § 663.570 What is the consumer reports system? The consumer reports system, referred to in WIA as... consumer reports system must contain the information necessary for an adult or dislocated worker customer...

  19. 20 CFR 663.570 - What is the consumer reports system?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false What is the consumer reports system? 663.570... Providers § 663.570 What is the consumer reports system? The consumer reports system, referred to in WIA as... consumer reports system must contain the information necessary for an adult or dislocated worker customer...

  20. 20 CFR 663.570 - What is the consumer reports system?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false What is the consumer reports system? 663.570... Providers § 663.570 What is the consumer reports system? The consumer reports system, referred to in WIA as... consumer reports system must contain the information necessary for an adult or dislocated worker customer...

  1. 20 CFR 663.570 - What is the consumer reports system?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What is the consumer reports system? 663.570....570 What is the consumer reports system? The consumer reports system, referred to in WIA as... consumer reports system must contain the information necessary for an adult or dislocated worker customer...

  2. Laid Off. The Texas Response to Plant Closings and Layoffs.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Texas Association of Private Industry Councils, Austin.

    For the benefit of Texas Association of Private Industry Council (TAPIC) volunteers who oversee dislocated worker projects, a report examined the initial efforts of putting together a cost-effective and responsive system that can reemploy people. In addition to a review of the state's role in the management and administration of the Economic…

  3. 20 CFR 663.630 - How does a displaced homemaker qualify for services under title I?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... services under title I? 663.630 Section 663.630 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION..., including: (a) Core services provided by the One-Stop partners through the One-Stop delivery system; (b) Intensive or training services for which an individual qualifies as a dislocated worker/displaced homemaker...

  4. Introduction to Electronics. Training Workbook.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Anoka-Hennepin Technical Coll., Minneapolis, MN.

    This workbook is intended for students enrolled in a 3-day introductory course to electronics developed during a project to retrain defense industry workers at risk of job loss or dislocation because of conversion of the defense industry. The workbook begins with a course outline and is divided into three sections that parallel the following…

  5. 20 CFR 663.570 - What is the consumer reports system?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What is the consumer reports system? 663.570....570 What is the consumer reports system? The consumer reports system, referred to in WIA as... consumer reports system must contain the information necessary for an adult or dislocated worker customer...

  6. 20 CFR 663.590 - May a community-based organization (CBO) be included on an eligible provider list?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... included on an eligible provider list? 663.590 Section 663.590 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663.590 May a community-based organization (CBO) be included on...

  7. 20 CFR 663.590 - May a community-based organization (CBO) be included on an eligible provider list?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... included on an eligible provider list? 663.590 Section 663.590 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663.590 May a community-based organization (CBO) be included on...

  8. 20 CFR 663.530 - Is there a time limit on the period of initial eligibility for training providers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... initial eligibility for training providers? 663.530 Section 663.530 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663.530 Is there a time limit on the period of...

  9. 20 CFR 663.575 - In what ways can a Local Board supplement the information available from the State list?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... information available from the State list? 663.575 Section 663.575 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663.575 In what ways can a Local Board supplement the...

  10. 20 CFR 663.575 - In what ways can a Local Board supplement the information available from the State list?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... information available from the State list? 663.575 Section 663.575 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663.575 In what ways can a Local Board supplement the...

  11. 20 CFR 663.530 - Is there a time limit on the period of initial eligibility for training providers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... initial eligibility for training providers? 663.530 Section 663.530 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Eligible Training Providers § 663.530 Is there a time limit on the period of...

  12. 20 CFR 663.600 - What priority must be given to low-income adults and public assistance recipients served with...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... adults and public assistance recipients served with adult funds under title I? 663.600 Section 663.600 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER... priority must be given to low-income adults and public assistance recipients served with adult funds under...

  13. 20 CFR 663.600 - What priority must be given to low-income adults and public assistance recipients served with...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... adults and public assistance recipients served with adult funds under title I? 663.600 Section 663.600 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER... priority must be given to low-income adults and public assistance recipients served with adult funds under...

  14. 20 CFR 663.640 - May an individual with a disability whose family does not meet income eligibility criteria under...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... adult? 663.640 Section 663.640 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT... income eligibility criteria under the Act be eligible for priority as a low-income adult? Yes, even if...

  15. 20 CFR 663.250 - How long must an individual participant be in intensive services to be eligible for training...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false How long must an individual participant be in intensive services to be eligible for training services? 663.250 Section 663.250 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER...

  16. 20 CFR 663.640 - May an individual with a disability whose family does not meet income eligibility criteria under...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... adult? 663.640 Section 663.640 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT... income eligibility criteria under the Act be eligible for priority as a low-income adult? Yes, even if...

  17. 20 CFR 663.640 - May an individual with a disability whose family does not meet income eligibility criteria under...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... adult? 663.640 Section 663.640 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT... income eligibility criteria under the Act be eligible for priority as a low-income adult? Yes, even if...

  18. 20 CFR 663.840 - How is the level of needs-related payments determined?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false How is the level of needs-related payments... LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Supportive Services § 663.840 How is the level of needs-related payments determined? (a) The payment level for adults...

  19. 20 CFR 663.840 - How is the level of needs-related payments determined?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false How is the level of needs-related payments... LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Supportive Services § 663.840 How is the level of needs-related payments determined? (a) The payment level for adults...

  20. Social Networks in the Labour Market--The Sociology of Job Search.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Carson, Edgar

    1989-01-01

    Reviews literature on nature of social networks in labor market and their implications for job search strategies of dislocated workers. Suggests issues for further research: (1) how the job search changes as unemployment increases; (2) the role of social networks in the labor market; and (3) claims about security and conditions of jobs found…

  1. 20 CFR 663.730 - May funds provided to employers for OJT of customized training be used to assist, promote, or...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... customized training be used to assist, promote, or deter union organizing? 663.730 Section 663.730 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT On-the-Job Training (OJT) and Customized Training § 663...

  2. 20 CFR 663.730 - May funds provided to employers for OJT of customized training be used to assist, promote, or...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... customized training be used to assist, promote, or deter union organizing? 663.730 Section 663.730 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT On-the-Job Training (OJT) and Customized Training § 663...

  3. 20 CFR 663.640 - May an individual with a disability whose family does not meet income eligibility criteria under...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... adult? 663.640 Section 663.640 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Priority and... eligibility criteria under the Act be eligible for priority as a low-income adult? Yes, even if the family of...

  4. 20 CFR 663.640 - May an individual with a disability whose family does not meet income eligibility criteria under...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... adult? 663.640 Section 663.640 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Priority and... eligibility criteria under the Act be eligible for priority as a low-income adult? Yes, even if the family of...

  5. Improving Job Opportunities for Low-Income People: The Hope of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Beaulieu, Lionel J.

    1999-01-01

    The Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (WIA) makes it possible to build human capital resources by providing employment services and training to youth and adult dislocated workers. Such services are particularly needed in the rural South, where those affected by welfare reform have few job skills or educational credentials. WIA calls for the…

  6. Leaving No Worker Behind: Community Colleges Retrain the Michigan Workforce--and Themselves

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hilliard, Tom

    2011-01-01

    In 2007, Michigan undertook a bold mission: to retrain tens of thousands of adults to qualify for jobs in emerging and expanding sectors of the economy. The state's proposal to jobless, dislocated, and low-income residents was simple but appealing: enroll in up to two years of postsecondary education, and Michigan would cover up to $5,000 in…

  7. Basic CNC Operation. Training Workbook [and] Assessment and Training Guide [and] Hands-on Assessment.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Anoka-Hennepin Technical Coll., Minneapolis, MN.

    This workbook is intended for students taking a course in basic computer numerical control (CNC) operation that was developed during a project to retrain defense industry workers at risk of job loss or dislocation because of conversion of the defense industry. The workbook contains daily training guides for each of the course's 13 sessions. Among…

  8. Nanostructural engineering of nitride nucleation layers for GaN substrate dislocation reduction.

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Koleske, Daniel David; Lee, Stephen Roger; Lemp, Thomas Kerr

    2009-07-01

    With no lattice matched substrate available, sapphire continues as the substrate of choice for GaN growth, because of its reasonable cost and the extensive prior experience using it as a substrate for GaN. Surprisingly, the high dislocation density does not appear to limit UV and blue LED light intensity. However, dislocations may limit green LED light intensity and LED lifetime, especially as LEDs are pushed to higher current density for high end solid state lighting sources. To improve the performance for these higher current density LEDs, simple growth-enabled reductions in dislocation density would be highly prized. GaN nucleation layers (NLs)more » are not commonly thought of as an application of nano-structural engineering; yet, these layers evolve during the growth process to produce self-assembled, nanometer-scale structures. Continued growth on these nuclei ultimately leads to a fully coalesced film, and we show in this research program that their initial density is correlated to the GaN dislocation density. In this 18 month program, we developed MOCVD growth methods to reduce GaN dislocation densities on sapphire from 5 x 10{sup 8} cm{sup -2} using our standard delay recovery growth technique to 1 x 10{sup 8} cm{sup -2} using an ultra-low nucleation density technique. For this research, we firmly established a correlation between the GaN nucleation thickness, the resulting nucleation density after annealing, and dislocation density of full GaN films grown on these nucleation layers. We developed methods to reduce the nuclei density while still maintaining the ability to fully coalesce the GaN films. Ways were sought to improve the GaN nuclei orientation by improving the sapphire surface smoothness by annealing prior to the NL growth. Methods to eliminate the formation of additional nuclei once the majority of GaN nuclei were developed using a silicon nitride treatment prior to the deposition of the nucleation layer. Nucleation layer thickness was determined using optical reflectance and the nucleation density was determined using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Nomarski microscopy. Dislocation density was measured using X-ray diffraction and AFM after coating the surface with silicon nitride to delineate all dislocation types. The program milestone of producing GaN films with dislocation densities of 1 x 10{sup 8} cm{sup -2} was met by silicon nitride treatment of annealed sapphire followed by the multiple deposition of a low density of GaN nuclei followed by high temperature GaN growth. Details of this growth process and the underlying science are presented in this final report along with problems encountered in this research and recommendations for future work.« less

  9. Dislocation dynamics in non-convex domains using finite elements with embedded discontinuities

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Romero, Ignacio; Segurado, Javier; LLorca, Javier

    2008-04-01

    The standard strategy developed by Van der Giessen and Needleman (1995 Modelling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. 3 689) to simulate dislocation dynamics in two-dimensional finite domains was modified to account for the effect of dislocations leaving the crystal through a free surface in the case of arbitrary non-convex domains. The new approach incorporates the displacement jumps across the slip segments of the dislocations that have exited the crystal within the finite element analysis carried out to compute the image stresses on the dislocations due to the finite boundaries. This is done in a simple computationally efficient way by embedding the discontinuities in the finite element solution, a strategy often used in the numerical simulation of crack propagation in solids. Two academic examples are presented to validate and demonstrate the extended model and its implementation within a finite element program is detailed in the appendix.

  10. High purity low dislocation GaAs single crystals

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Chen, R. T.; Holmes, D. E.; Kirkpatrick, C. G.

    1982-01-01

    Recent advances in GaAs bulk crystal growth using the LEC (liquid encapsulated Czochralski) technique are described. The dependence of the background impurity concentration and the dislocation density distribution on the materials synthesis and growth conditions were investigated. Background impurity concentrations as low as 4 x 10 to the 15th power were observed in undoped LEC GaAs. The dislocation density in selected regions of individual ingots was very low, below the 3000 cm .3000/sq cm threshold. The average dislocation density over a large annular ring on the wafers fell below the 10000/sq cm level for 3 inch diameter ingots. The diameter control during the program advanced to a diameter variation along a 3 inch ingot less than 2 mm.

  11. Modeling Dislocations and Disclinations with Finite Micropolar Elastoplasticity

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-02-01

    substructures on flow stress ( Mughrabi , 1983, 1988, 2001; Berveiller et al ., 1993; Zaiser, 1998). Meyers and co-workers (Meyers and Ashworth, 1982... al . / International Journal of Plasticity 22 (2006) 210–256 211order gradients of elastic or plastic parts of the total deformation gradient may alone...polycrystals (Hughes et al ., 1997, 2003; Kuhl- mann-Wilsdorf, 1999; Butler et al ., 2000; Barton and Dawson, 2001; Hughes, 2001; Leffers, 2001). Also measured

  12. The Israeli-American International Conference on Applied Metallurgy

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1976-08-30

    conclusions of this study points to the role of molybdenum in improving the corrosion resistance of stainless steels in H 2SO and HCl. These workers feel...density of dislocations and precipitates . Boulger reviewed experience with aluminum and titanium alloys, super-alloys and steels . The demand for higher...available equipment. N. Atzmon and A. Rosen (Technion) applied combined heat treatment and plastic deformation to a maraging (300) steel , and studied

  13. Cultivating Self-Worth among Dislocated Tibetan Undergraduate Students in a Chinese Han-Dominated National Key University

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Yi, Lin; Wang, Lili

    2012-01-01

    Drawing upon fieldwork conducted with a group of dislocated Tibetan undergraduate students of the "neidi ban" program in a Han-predominated university, this paper examines the ways in which these students make sense of their worlds. To achieve this, they have actively and engagingly organized a series of symbolically meaningful…

  14. Considering Human Capital Theory in Assessment and Training: Mapping the Gap between Current Skills and the Needs of a Knowledge-Based Economy in Northeast Iowa

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mihm-Herold, Wendy

    2010-01-01

    In light of the current economic downturn, thousands of Iowans are unemployed and this is the ideal time to build the skills of the workforce to compete in the knowledge-based economy so businesses and entrepreneurs can compete in a global economy. A tool for assessing the skills and knowledge of dislocated workers and students as well as…

  15. Visualization and quantification of deformation processes controlling the mechanical response of alloys in aggressive environments

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Robertson, Ian M.

    The overall objective of this program was to develop the technique of electron tomography for studies of defects and to couple it with real time dynamic experiments such that four-dimensional (time and three spatial dimensions) characterization of dislocation interactions with defects is feasible and apply it to discovery of the fundamental unit processes of dislocation-defect interactions in metallic systems. Strategies to overcome the restrictions normally associated with electron tomography and to make it practical within the constraints of conducting a dynamic experiment in the transmission electron microscope were developed. These methods were used to determine the mechanism controlling the transfermore » of slip across grain boundaries in FCC and HCP metals, dislocation precipitate interactions in Al alloys, and dislocation-dislocation interactions in HCP Ti. In addition, preliminary investigations of slip transfer across cube-on-cube and incoherent twin interfaces in a multi-layered system, thermal stability of grains in nanongrained Ni and Fe, and on corrosion of Fe films were conducted.« less

  16. d-Neighborhood system and generalized F-contraction in dislocated metric space.

    PubMed

    Kumari, P Sumati; Zoto, Kastriot; Panthi, Dinesh

    2015-01-01

    This paper, gives an answer for the Question 1.1 posed by Hitzler (Generalized metrics and topology in logic programming semantics, 2001) by means of "Topological aspects of d-metric space with d-neighborhood system". We have investigated the topological aspects of a d-neighborhood system obtained from dislocated metric space (simply d-metric space) which has got useful applications in the semantic analysis of logic programming. Further more we have generalized the notion of F-contraction in the view of d-metric spaces and investigated the uniqueness of fixed point and coincidence point of such mappings.

  17. Legislative Side-By-side for The AEEG Act of Congressmen Kennedy and Hinojosa. WIA I and II & Related. To Advance the Recommendations of the National Commission On Adult Literacy and "Reach Higher, America"

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Council for Advancement of Adult Literacy (NJ1), 2009

    2009-01-01

    The purpose of this report is to help advance the recommendations of the National Commission on Adult Literacy, for the Adult Education and Economic Growth Act under development by Congressmen Patrick Kennedy and Reuben Hinojosa. Current law is compared to National Commission amendments in such areas as: Adult and Dislocated Worker Employment and…

  18. Can we prevent hip dislocation in children with cerebral palsy? Effects of postural management.

    PubMed

    Picciolini, Odoardo; LE Métayer, Michel; Consonni, Dario; Cozzaglio, Massimo; Porro, Matteo; Gasparroni, Verusca; Panou, Artemisia; Mosca, Fabio; Portinaro, Nicola M

    2016-10-01

    Hip dislocation is common in children with cerebral palsy (CP). At birth they do not have musculoskeletal deformities but they develop over time due to the combined effects of the movement disorder and impaired gross motor function. Early detection and treatment of a hip at risk is needed to modify the natural of hip development in CP. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of postural management treatment on hip displacement's progression in children CP. Prospective comparative non-randomized study. Rehabilitative outpatient unit. Fifty-one children with CP were studied; the treated group (N.=30) was compared to a control group (N.=21). The treated group followed a two year's long combined treatment program consisting a neurodevelopment treatment (NDT) two times a week and a 5 hours daily siège moulé postural program. The control group underwent only NDT twice a week for two years. Hip radiographs were measured with the migration percentage (MP) method at baseline, at 1 and 2 years of follow-up. A significant difference has been observed in the MP (%) trend (P<0.001) between treatment and control groups. At 2 years, there was a marked worsening (MP from 23.0 to 37.7) in the control group, compared to the stability (from 28.8 to 26.8) in the treatment group. This study supports the evidence that conservative postural management of hip deformity is useful to prevent the natural progression of hip dislocation. Hip radiographic follow up program together with NDT and postural management program is useful to modify the natural progression of hip dislocation in children with CP.

  19. The Correlation Between Dislocations and Vacancy Defects Using Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pang, Jinbiao; Li, Hui; Zhou, Kai; Wang, Zhu

    2012-07-01

    An analysis program for positron annihilation lifetime spectra is only applicable to isolated defects, but is of no use in the presence of defective correlations. Such limitations have long caused problems for positron researchers in their studies of complicated defective systems. In order to solve this problem, we aim to take a semiconductor material, for example, to achieve a credible average lifetime of single crystal silicon under plastic deformation at different temperatures using positron life time spectroscopy. By establishing reasonable positron trapping models with defective correlations and sorting out four lifetime components with multiple parameters, as well as their respective intensities, information is obtained on the positron trapping centers, such as the positron trapping rates of defects, the density of the dislocation lines and correlation between the dislocation lines, and the vacancy defects, by fitting with the average lifetime with the aid of Matlab software. These results give strong grounds for the existence of dislocation-vacancy correlation in plastically deformed silicon, and lay a theoretical foundation for the analysis of positron lifetime spectra when the positron trapping model involves dislocation-related defects.

  20. Chronic symptoms in construction workers treated for musculoskeletal injuries.

    PubMed

    Welch, L S; Hunting, K L; Nessel-Stephens, L

    1999-11-01

    Soft tissue musculoskeletal injuries make up a high proportion of all work-related injuries in construction. Data from Workers' Compensation claims indicate that strains and sprains are the leading compensable injury for construction workers. This study describes the consequences of soft tissue musculoskeletal injuries for construction workers, and assesses the persistence of symptoms after an injury and the impact of that injury on return to work. Through an Emergency Department surveillance system [Hunting et al., 1994a], we recorded 176 construction worker visits, from 5/01/93 through 2/28/95, for strains, sprains, joint injury or pain, tendinitis, dislocations, hernias, or other musculoskeletal injuries excluding fractures. Telephone interviews were conducted several months after workers had visited the emergency room for a musculoskeletal injury. Seventy individuals were interviewed about the long-term impacts of 72 incidents that had resulted in work-related musculoskeletal injuries. For 46 (62%) of the 74 diagnoses, problems continued beyond two months. The likelihood of problems continuing more than two months varied considerably by body location of injury. Hispanic workers and older workers were more likely to have continuing symptoms. Eleven of the 45 construction workers with symptoms persisting longer than two months were not employed at the time of the interview. Only 11 of the 45 workers with ongoing symptoms told us that modifications had been made to their jobs to accommodate their symptoms. About one-quarter of these 45 subjects reported substantial effects on home or work life. Acute musculoskeletal injuries in construction workers frequently result in chronic symptoms, and those with chronic symptoms report substantial effects of the injury on their quality of life. Job accommodations were made in a minority of these injuries. These findings point to the need for heightened efforts for injury prevention in this industry. Copyright 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

  1. HIV Programs for Sex Workers: Lessons and Challenges for Developing and Delivering Programs.

    PubMed

    Wilson, David

    2015-06-01

    There is evidence that HIV prevention programs for sex workers, especially female sex workers, are cost-effective in several contexts, including many western countries, Thailand, India, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, and Zimbabwe. The evidence that sex worker HIV prevention programs work must not inspire complacency but rather a renewed effort to expand, intensify, and maximize their impact. The PLOS Collection "Focus on Delivery and Scale: Achieving HIV Impact with Sex Workers" highlights major challenges to scaling-up sex worker HIV prevention programs, noting the following: sex worker HIV prevention programs are insufficiently guided by understanding of epidemic transmission dynamics, situation analyses, and programmatic mapping; sex worker HIV and sexually transmitted infection services receive limited domestic financing in many countries; many sex worker HIV prevention programs are inadequately codified to ensure consistency and quality; and many sex worker HIV prevention programs have not evolved adequately to address informal sex workers, male and transgender sex workers, and mobile- and internet-based sex workers. Based on the wider collection of papers, this article presents three major clusters of recommendations: (i) HIV programs focused on sex workers should be prioritized, developed, and implemented based on robust evidence; (ii) national political will and increased funding are needed to increase coverage of effective sex worker HIV prevention programs in low and middle income countries; and (iii) comprehensive, integrated, and rapidly evolving HIV programs are needed to ensure equitable access to health services for individuals involved in all forms of sex work.

  2. Dislocation dynamics: simulation of plastic flow of bcc metals

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Lassila, D H

    This is the final report for the LDRD strategic initiative entitled ''Dislocation Dynamic: Simulation of Plastic Flow of bcc Metals'' (tracking code: 00-SI-011). This report is comprised of 6 individual sections. The first is an executive summary of the project and describes the overall project goal, which is to establish an experimentally validated 3D dislocation dynamics simulation. This first section also gives some information of LLNL's multi-scale modeling efforts associated with the plasticity of bcc metals, and the role of this LDRD project in the multiscale modeling program. The last five sections of this report are journal articles that weremore » produced during the course of the FY-2000 efforts.« less

  3. HIV Programs for Sex Workers: Lessons and Challenges for Developing and Delivering Programs

    PubMed Central

    Wilson, David

    2015-01-01

    There is evidence that HIV prevention programs for sex workers, especially female sex workers, are cost-effective in several contexts, including many western countries, Thailand, India, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, and Zimbabwe. The evidence that sex worker HIV prevention programs work must not inspire complacency but rather a renewed effort to expand, intensify, and maximize their impact. The PLOS Collection “Focus on Delivery and Scale: Achieving HIV Impact with Sex Workers” highlights major challenges to scaling-up sex worker HIV prevention programs, noting the following: sex worker HIV prevention programs are insufficiently guided by understanding of epidemic transmission dynamics, situation analyses, and programmatic mapping; sex worker HIV and sexually transmitted infection services receive limited domestic financing in many countries; many sex worker HIV prevention programs are inadequately codified to ensure consistency and quality; and many sex worker HIV prevention programs have not evolved adequately to address informal sex workers, male and transgender sex workers, and mobile- and internet-based sex workers. Based on the wider collection of papers, this article presents three major clusters of recommendations: (i) HIV programs focused on sex workers should be prioritized, developed, and implemented based on robust evidence; (ii) national political will and increased funding are needed to increase coverage of effective sex worker HIV prevention programs in low and middle income countries; and (iii) comprehensive, integrated, and rapidly evolving HIV programs are needed to ensure equitable access to health services for individuals involved in all forms of sex work. PMID:26079267

  4. ‘It was better when it was worse’: blue-collar narratives of the recent past in Belgrade

    PubMed Central

    Archer, Rory

    2018-01-01

    ABSTRACT Based on oral history research conducted among networks of blue-collar workers in Belgrade, Serbia, this article develops three interrelated arguments regarding workers’ appraisals of the recent past (1980–2014). Firstly, although the tumultuous years of late socialism and post-socialism in Serbia have been represented by scholars as a series of ruptures, I suggest that for blue-collar workers the boundaries between socialism and post-socialism and pre-conflict and wartime eras are blurry. Secondly, despite the conditions of war and economic collapse, blue-collar accounts of the 1990s in Serbia are not universally negative. Some individuals experienced upward social mobility, strongly influenced by class and gender positioning in late socialism. Female workers who had experienced hardship during the 1980s were often better equipped to navigate 1990s ‘economies of makeshift’. Thirdly, social dislocation associated with neoliberal economic reforms since 2000 disproportionally affects blue-collar workers, reshaping narratives of late socialism and the 1990s (sometimes inducing workers to overlook or downplay coercive aspects of the Milošević regime). The accounts of this diverse group of (former) workers highlight that social class, gender and generational cohort condition the rather divergent ways in which the last three decades were experienced, are remembered and continue to be reevaluated in Serbia. PMID:29308458

  5. 8 CFR 215.9 - Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program. 215.9... ALIENS DEPARTING FROM THE UNITED STATES § 215.9 Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program. An alien admitted on certain temporary worker visas at a port of entry participating in the Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program...

  6. 8 CFR 215.9 - Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program. 215.9... ALIENS DEPARTING FROM THE UNITED STATES § 215.9 Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program. An alien admitted on certain temporary worker visas at a port of entry participating in the Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program...

  7. 8 CFR 215.9 - Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program. 215.9... ALIENS DEPARTING FROM THE UNITED STATES § 215.9 Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program. An alien admitted on certain temporary worker visas at a port of entry participating in the Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program...

  8. 8 CFR 215.9 - Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program. 215.9... ALIENS DEPARTING FROM THE UNITED STATES § 215.9 Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program. An alien admitted on certain temporary worker visas at a port of entry participating in the Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program...

  9. 8 CFR 215.9 - Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program. 215.9... ALIENS DEPARTING FROM THE UNITED STATES § 215.9 Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program. An alien admitted on certain temporary worker visas at a port of entry participating in the Temporary Worker Visa Exit Program...

  10. RETURN TO DIVISION IA FOOTBALL FOLLOWING A 1ST METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT DORSAL DISLOCATION

    PubMed Central

    Cook, Chad; Zarzour, Hap; Moorman, Claude T.

    2010-01-01

    Background. Although rare in occurrence, a dorsal dislocation of the 1st metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint has been successfully treated using surgical and/or non-operative treatment. No descriptions of conservative intervention following a dorsal dislocation of the MTP joint in an athlete participating in a high contact sport are present in the literature. Objectives. The purpose of this case report is to describe the intervention and clinical reasoning during the rehabilitative process of a collegiate football player diagnosed with a 1st MTP joint dorsal dislocation. The plan of care and return to play criteria used for this athlete are presented. Case Description. The case involved a 19-year-old male Division IA football player, who suffered a traumatic dorsal dislocation of the 1st MTP joint during practice. The dislocation was initially treated on-site by closed reduction. Non-operative management included immobilization, therapeutic exercises, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, manual treatment, modalities, prophylactic athletic taping, gait training, and a sport specific progression program for full return to Division IA football. Outcomes. Discharge from physical therapy occurred after six weeks of treatment. At discharge, no significant deviations existed during running, burst, and agility related drills. At a six-month follow-up, the patient reported full return to all football activities including contact drills without restrictions. Discussion. This case describes an effective six-week rehabilitation intervention for a collegiate football player who sustained a traumatic great toe dorsal dislocation. Further study is suggested to evaluate the intervention strategies and timeframe for return to contact sports. PMID:21589669

  11. Characteristics of work-related fatal and hospitalised injuries not captured in workers' compensation data.

    PubMed

    Koehoorn, M; Tamburic, L; Xu, F; Alamgir, H; Demers, P A; McLeod, C B

    2015-06-01

    (1) To identify work-related fatal and non-fatal hospitalised injuries using multiple data sources, (2) to compare case-ascertainment from external data sources with accepted workers' compensation claims and (3) to investigate the characteristics of work-related fatal and hospitalised injuries not captured by workers' compensation. Work-related fatal injuries were ascertained from vital statistics, coroners and hospital discharge databases using payment and diagnosis codes and injury and work descriptions; and work-related (non-fatal) injuries were ascertained from the hospital discharge database using admission, diagnosis and payment codes. Injuries for British Columbia residents aged 15-64 years from 1991 to 2009 ascertained from the above external data sources were compared to accepted workers' compensation claims using per cent captured, validity analyses and logistic regression. The majority of work-related fatal injuries identified in the coroners data (83%) and the majority of work-related hospitalised injuries (95%) were captured as an accepted workers' compensation claim. A work-related coroner report was a positive predictor (88%), and the responsibility of payment field in the hospital discharge record a sensitive indicator (94%), for a workers' compensation claim. Injuries not captured by workers' compensation were associated with female gender, type of work (natural resources and other unspecified work) and injury diagnosis (eg, airway-related, dislocations and undetermined/unknown injury). Some work-related injuries captured by external data sources were not found in workers' compensation data in British Columbia. This may be the result of capturing injuries or workers that are ineligible for workers' compensation, or the result of injuries that go unreported to the compensation system. Hospital discharge records and coroner reports may provide opportunities to identify workers (or family members) with an unreported work-related injury and to provide them with information for submitting a workers' compensation claim. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.

  12. 10 CFR 851.11 - Development and approval of worker safety and health program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Development and approval of worker safety and health program. 851.11 Section 851.11 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY WORKER SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM Program Requirements § 851.11 Development and approval of worker safety and health program. (a) Preparation and...

  13. [Occupational injuries and diseases in transport industry].

    PubMed

    Parrini, L

    2012-01-01

    In order to identify the specific risk and injury factors related to rail freight/transport, road haulage/transport, and business conveyance, the INAIL data/memory bank was searched for occupational diseases and injuries/accidents. In road haulage and business conveyance, osteoarticular diseases prevail, while in rail freight asbestos diseases are predominant. The permanent disability is more severe in road haulage than in business conveyance. Occupational injuries are more frequent in road transport and business conveyance in northern regions of Italy and consisted mainly in sprains/strains and dislocations. More frequently the workers recovered without serious hangovers.

  14. Integrating Literacy and Workplace Skills for Worker Advancement. Worker Education Program Final Report, May 1, 1992 - March 31, 1994.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Boyter-Escalona, Margaret

    Final evaluation of the Workplace Education Program, funded by the National Workplace Literacy Program to provide workplace literacy education programs to 425 members of Chicago (Illinois) area clothing and textile workers union members, is presented. The program's goal was to enhance workers' basic literacy skills for present job stabilization…

  15. Guide to Effective Program Practices. Worker Education Program Staff Development Manual.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Moran, Sarah

    This document is the staff development manual that was developed to train worker education facilitators involved in the Chicago Teachers' Center of Northeastern Illinois University and Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union Worker Education Program (WEP). The document begins with an overview of the WEP, which uses workers' life and…

  16. A Stereo Dual-Channel Dynamic Programming Algorithm for UAV Image Stitching

    PubMed Central

    Chen, Ruizhi; Zhang, Weilong; Li, Deren; Liao, Xuan; Zhang, Peng

    2017-01-01

    Dislocation is one of the major challenges in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) image stitching. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for seamlessly stitching UAV images based on a dynamic programming approach. Our solution consists of two steps: Firstly, an image matching algorithm is used to correct the images so that they are in the same coordinate system. Secondly, a new dynamic programming algorithm is developed based on the concept of a stereo dual-channel energy accumulation. A new energy aggregation and traversal strategy is adopted in our solution, which can find a more optimal seam line for image stitching. Our algorithm overcomes the theoretical limitation of the classical Duplaquet algorithm. Experiments show that the algorithm can effectively solve the dislocation problem in UAV image stitching, especially for the cases in dense urban areas. Our solution is also direction-independent, which has better adaptability and robustness for stitching images. PMID:28885547

  17. A Stereo Dual-Channel Dynamic Programming Algorithm for UAV Image Stitching.

    PubMed

    Li, Ming; Chen, Ruizhi; Zhang, Weilong; Li, Deren; Liao, Xuan; Wang, Lei; Pan, Yuanjin; Zhang, Peng

    2017-09-08

    Dislocation is one of the major challenges in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) image stitching. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for seamlessly stitching UAV images based on a dynamic programming approach. Our solution consists of two steps: Firstly, an image matching algorithm is used to correct the images so that they are in the same coordinate system. Secondly, a new dynamic programming algorithm is developed based on the concept of a stereo dual-channel energy accumulation. A new energy aggregation and traversal strategy is adopted in our solution, which can find a more optimal seam line for image stitching. Our algorithm overcomes the theoretical limitation of the classical Duplaquet algorithm. Experiments show that the algorithm can effectively solve the dislocation problem in UAV image stitching, especially for the cases in dense urban areas. Our solution is also direction-independent, which has better adaptability and robustness for stitching images.

  18. The Application of Science and Technology to Public Programs.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Feller, Irwin

    Conference papers, recommendations, and discussion are compiled, focusing on the complex of problems associated with rapidly expanding urbanization and consequent rural dislocation. Topics exploring the problems included: air and water pollution; program planning and management; solid waste disposal; transportation; housing; crime control; health…

  19. Trust in training: the Oil, Chemical, and Atomic Workers International Union Worker-to-Worker Training Program.

    PubMed

    Merrill, M

    1994-01-01

    The OCAW's Worker-to-Worker Training Program was established with one of the first grants awarded under the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986. The union intended the program to serve as a model to industry and to raise the standard of safety and health training throughout the industry. The program, which requires trainees to actively participate in learning activities, has garnered praise from its participants.

  20. 10 CFR 851.11 - Development and approval of worker safety and health program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... workers at multi-contractor workplaces. (3) The worker safety and health program must describe how the... may be performed at a covered workplace unless an approved worker safety and health program is in... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Development and approval of worker safety and health...

  1. Hot Spots from Dislocation Pile-up Avalanches

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Armstrong, Ronald; Grise, William

    2005-07-01

    The model of hot spots developed at dislocation pile-up avalanches has been employed to explain both: greater drop- weight heights being required to initiate chemical decomposition of smaller crystals [1]; and, the susceptibility to shear banding of energetic and reference inert materials, for example, adiabatic shear banding in steel [2]. The evidence for RDX (cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine) is that few dislocations are needed in the pile-ups thus providing justification for assessing dynamic pile-up release on a numerical basis for few dislocation numbers [3]. For release from a viscous obstacle, previous and new computations lead to a local temperature plateau occurring at the origin of pile-up release [4], in line with the physical concept of a hot spot. [1] R.W. Armstrong, C.S. Coffey, V.F. DeVost and W.L. Elban, J. Appl. Phys. 68 (1990) 979. [2] R.W. Armstrong and F.J. Zerilli, Mech. Mater. 17 (1994) 319. [3] R.W. Armstrong, Proc. Eighth Intern. Seminar: New Trends in Research of Energetic Materials, April 19- 21, 2005, Pardubice, CZ. [4] W.R. Grise, NRC/AFOSR Summer Faculty Fellowship Program, AFRL/MNME, Eglin Air Force Base, FL, 2003.

  2. Using the Experience of a Lifetime. NOWIS: An Employer-to-Employer Data Base of Programs Utilizing Experienced Workers.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    American Association of Retired Persons, Washington, DC. Work Force Programs Dept.

    This publication gives examples of employment programs for experienced workers taken from the National Older Workers Information System (NOWIS), a computerized system of information on more than 140 experienced worker employment programs in public and private sector organizations. (Maintained by the Business Partnerships Program of the American…

  3. 77 FR 45421 - Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing: Continuum of Care Program

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-31

    ... Re-Housing for Families Demonstration program and the Homelessness Prevention and Rapid Re-Housing... to quickly rehouse homeless individuals and families while minimizing the trauma and dislocation caused to homeless individuals, families, and communities by homelessness; promote access to and...

  4. Worker Retraining: Fifth Accountability Report for Worker Retraining Programs. (Formerly HB 1988).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Washington State Board for Community and Technical Colleges, Olympia.

    This report is the fifth review of the accomplishments of Washington's 32 two-year colleges under the provisions of the Worker Retraining program. The Worker Retraining program assures that jobless workers have immediate access to job retraining for a new career if they are not able to find work in their current field. It also builds the capacity…

  5. 20 CFR 701.201 - Office of Workers' Compensation Programs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Office of Workers' Compensation Programs. 701.201 Section 701.201 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT STANDARDS ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR...; DEFINITIONS AND USE OF TERMS Office of Workers' Compensation Programs § 701.201 Office of Workers...

  6. Nursing: an under tapped asset for recovery in financially troubled times.

    PubMed

    Adams, Linda Thompson

    2010-12-01

    Given the economic turmoil facing the nation, the nursing profession has unique opportunities to lead the health-care sector and local communities toward economic recovery. Training more nurses and other health professionals can prepare the growing pool of unemployed and dislocated workers for high demand positions in the industry. Nursing can also be instrumental in creating healthier neighborhoods through disease prevention and early intervention initiatives; healthy communities can lead to significant savings in health-care costs and greater economic well being for all. Through such workforce development and community health initiatives, nursing can help to accelerate and propel economic revitalization.

  7. Epidemiology of work-related injuries requiring hospitalization among sawmill workers in British Columbia, 1989-1997.

    PubMed

    Alamgir, Hasanat; Demers, Paul A; Koehoorn, Mieke; Ostry, Aleck; Tompa, Emile

    2007-01-01

    This study describes hospitalized injuries among workers in British Columbia lumber industry. Between April 1989 and December 1997, from the hospital records of 5,745 male sawmill workers were analyzed for the present study. Work relatedness was determined using either ICD-9 external cause of injury codes, which have a digit-indicating place of occurrence, or a payment field, which can identify workers compensation agency. Poisson regression models were used to analyze differences in hospitalization rates across race, job category, age group, and calendar year. The crude and adjusted rate ratios were calculated along with the 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During the follow-up period, there were 164 work related hospitalization resulting in a rate for work-related hospitalization of 5.38 per 1,000 person years. The higher rates by nature of injury were for dislocation, sprains & strains, open wounds, and fracture of upper limbs. During the study period, the higher rates of injury by causes were machinery related, falls, and struck against. In the multivariate models, there were no statistically significant relationship of injury risk with age and race. In respect to occupation, compared to foremen/supervisor, other sawmills' workers did not have significantly elevated risk of injury. The trend analyses found a significant negative trend (P = 0.004) of injury risk over the whole study period. Knowing the causes and nature of injury and their related risk factors are helpful to employers, compensation officials, and other stakeholders to target preventive measures.

  8. obtain3D

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Eftink, Benjamin Paul; Maloy, Stuart Andrew

    This computer code uses the concept of the parallax to compute the x, y and z coordinates of points found using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), or any transmission imaging technique, using two images, each taken at a different perspective of the region containing the points. Points correspond, but are not limited, to the center of cavities or precipitates, positions of irradiation black dot damage, positions along a dislocation line, or positions along where an interface meets a free surface. The code allows the user to visualize the features containing the points in three dimensions. Features can include dislocations, interfaces, cavities,more » precipitates, inclusions etc. The x, y and z coordinates of the points are output in a text file as well. The program can also combine the x, y and z coordinates of the points with crystallographic directional information from diffraction pattern(s) to calculate dislocation line directions and interface plane normals.« less

  9. Documentation of programs that compute 1) static tilts for a spatially variable slip distribution, and 2) quasi-static tilts produced by an expanding dislocation loop with a spatially variable slip distribution

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    McHugh, Stuart

    1976-01-01

    The material in this report is concerned with the effects of a vertically oriented rectangular dislocation loop on the tilts observed at the free surface of an elastic half-space. Part I examines the effect of a spatially variable static strike-slip distribution across the slip surface. The tilt components as a function of distance parallel, or perpendicular, to the strike of the slip surface are displayed for different slip-versus-distance profiles. Part II examines the effect of spatially and temporally variable slip distributions across the dislocation loop on the quasi-static tilts at the free surface of an elastic half space. The model discussed in part II may be used to generate theoretical tilt versus time curves produced by creep events.

  10. 10 CFR 851.10 - General requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... accordance with: (i) All applicable requirements of this part; and (ii) With the worker safety and health program for that workplace. (b) The written worker safety and health program must describe how the... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY WORKER SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM Program Requirements § 851.10 General requirements. (a...

  11. 10 CFR 851.10 - General requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... accordance with: (i) All applicable requirements of this part; and (ii) With the worker safety and health program for that workplace. (b) The written worker safety and health program must describe how the... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY WORKER SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM Program Requirements § 851.10 General requirements. (a...

  12. Pediatric and adolescent anterior shoulder instability: clinical management of first-time dislocators.

    PubMed

    Lin, Kenneth M; James, Evan W; Spitzer, Elad; Fabricant, Peter D

    2018-02-01

    The purpose of this review is to discuss the epidemiology, pathoanatomy, diagnosis, and clinical management of pediatric and adolescent patients following a first-time shoulder dislocation. Shoulder instability is becoming increasingly common as pediatric and adolescent patients engage in earlier organized sports competition. Recommended treatment following a first-time glenohumeral dislocation event in adolescents depends on several factors, but surgical stabilization is becoming more frequently performed. Surgical indications include bony Bankart lesion, ALPSA lesion, bipolar injury (e.g. Hill-Sachs humeral head depression fracture) or off-season injury in an overhead or throwing athlete. Complications following surgical treatment are rare but most commonly are associated with recurrent instability. Young children (eg. open proximal humerus growth plate), individuals averse to surgery, or in-season athletes who accept the risk of redislocation may complete an accelerated rehabilitation program for expedited return to play in the absence of the structural abnormalities listed above. Following a first-time dislocation event in pediatric and adolescent patients, a detailed discussion of the risks and benefits of nonoperative versus operative management is critical to match the recommended treatment with the patient's injury pattern, risk factors, and activity goals.

  13. A School Social Worker's Impact on a Human Sexuality Program

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Crolley-Simic, Josie; Vonk, M. Elizabeth; Ellsworth, William

    2007-01-01

    This study examines the roles and skills of a school social worker assisting a school district in developing a human sexuality education program. Specific challenges faced by the social worker are discussed, and alternatives to several of the social worker's decisions are explored. Specifically, decisions made by the social worker regarding…

  14. 77 FR 37284 - Technical Amendments

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-06-21

    ... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Office of Workers' Compensation Programs 20 CFR Parts 701, 702, 703, 725, and 726 RIN 1240-AA05 Technical Amendments AGENCY: Office of Workers' Compensation Programs, Labor. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Office of Workers' Compensation Programs is making [[Page 37285

  15. Programs and Policies To Assist Displaced Farmers. Research Report Series.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Saupe, William E.; Salant, Priscilla

    A study examined and evaluated both public and private efforts to assist dislocated farmers, with particular emphasis on employment and training programs. The study found that about 46,000 farmers are currently leaving farming each year, and the rate probably will continue for the next several years. Since the majority of the farmers who leave…

  16. HEALTH AND SAFETY ORGANIZING: OCAW’S WORKER-TO-WORKER HEALTH AND SAFETY TRAINING PROGRAM*

    PubMed Central

    SLATIN, CRAIG

    2018-01-01

    In 1987, the Oil, Chemical, and Atomic Workers International Union (OCAW) was funded as one of the original eleven awardees of the Superfund Worker Training Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The OCAW, with the Labor Institute, developed a hazardous waste worker and hazardous materials emergency responder health and safety training program that was specific to its members in the represented industries. A social history is developed to explore a union-led, worker health education intervention. The program sought to develop worker-trainers who would conduct the training, using the Small-Group Activity Method, participate in curriculum development, and ultimately use health and safety training as a vehicle for identifying, developing, and mobilizing health and safety activists among the membership. Although the direction for this effort came from progressive leadership, it arose from the political economy of labor/management relations within specific industrial sectors. PMID:17208754

  17. Innovative Older-Worker Programs.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Jessup, Denise; Greenberg, Barbara

    1989-01-01

    Describes program innovations to keep older workers employed: retraining, job sharing, flexible working hours, job redesign, and phased retirement. Addresses costs and savings, disincentives for workers and employers, and future trends. (SK)

  18. Improving vocational rehabilitation services for injured workers in Washington State.

    PubMed

    Sears, Jeanne M; Wickizer, Thomas M; Schulman, Beryl A

    2014-06-01

    Workers who incur permanent impairments or have ongoing medical restrictions due to injuries or illnesses sustained at work may require support from vocational rehabilitation programs in order to return to work. Vocational rehabilitation programs implemented within workers' compensation settings are costly, and effective service delivery has proven challenging. The Vocational Improvement Project, a 5.5-year pilot program beginning in 2008, introduced major changes to the Washington State workers' compensation-based vocational rehabilitation program. In the evaluation of this pilot program, set within a large complex system characterized by competing stakeholder interests, we assessed effects on system efficiency and employment outcomes for injured workers. While descriptive in nature, this evaluation provided evidence that several of the intended outcomes were attained, including: (1) fewer repeat referrals, (2) fewer delays, (3) increased choice for workers, and (4) establishment of statewide partnerships to improve worker outcomes. There remains substantial room for further improvement. Retraining plan completion rates remain under 60% and only half of workers earned any wages within two years of completing their retraining plan. Ongoing communication with stakeholders was critical to the successful conduct and policy impact of this evaluation, which culminated in a 3-year extension of the pilot program through June 2016. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  19. FROM SARA TO HOMELAND SECURITY: THE NIEHS WORKER EDUCATION AND TRAINING PROGRAM CONFRONTS CHALLENGES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANUP

    PubMed Central

    SLATIN, CRAIG; DUNN, MARY LEE

    2018-01-01

    Section 126(g) of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 mandated the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences to establish a grant program for the training and education of hazardous waste operations and emergency response workers. This program, originally established as the Superfund Worker Training Program, has evolved into the Worker Education and Training Program (WETP) and is currently in its nineteenth year of successful operation. Beginning with eleven awardees in 1987, it currently supports eighteen awardees that include more than one hundred organizations nationally. The NIEHS WETP built upon the lessons learned from earlier worker health education and training programs to establish a national worker health education intervention that has demonstrated the capacity of and potential for public health excellence. The principles and practices established as the program’s foundation in its first five years are detailed, providing a basis for understanding how the program was able to take an active supporting role in response to the national disasters on September 11, 2001. PMID:16867891

  20. Workforce Training: Employed Worker Programs Focus on Business Needs, But Revised Performance Measures Could Improve Access for Some Workers. Report to Congressional Requesters.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    General Accounting Office, Washington, DC.

    The General Accounting Office (GAO) examined publicly supported training programs for employed workers, including low-wage workers. The GAO surveyed local workforce boards nationwide and received responses from 470 boards. Two-thirds of the responding boards provided assistance to train employed workers, including partnering with employers to…

  1. 76 FR 35474 - UAW-Chrysler Technical Training Center, Technology Training Joint Programs Staff, Including On...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-06-17

    ...-Chrysler Technical Training Center, Technology Training Joint Programs Staff, Including On-Site Leased Workers From Cranks, O/E Learning, DBSI, IDEA, and Tonic/MVP, Detroit, MI; UAW-Chrysler Technical Training... workers and former workers of UAW-Chrysler Technical Training Center, Technology Training Joint Programs...

  2. Immigration: Policy Considerations Related to Guest Worker Programs

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-03-16

    The Bracero program , which began during World War II and lasted until 1964, brought several million Mexican agricultural workers into the United...States. At its peak in the late 1950s, the Bracero program employed more than 400,000 Mexican workers annually.1 The Immigration and Nationality Act

  3. 20 CFR 410.705 - Duplicate claims.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... Administration—denied or pending with the Office of Workers' Compensation Programs. A person whose part B claim... the Office of Workers' Compensation Programs which is pending or has been denied shall be entitled to a review of the part C claim by the Office of Workers' Compensation Programs under the BLBRA of 1977...

  4. 10 CFR 851.20 - Management responsibilities and worker rights and responsibilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... responsibilities. 851.20 Section 851.20 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY WORKER SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM Specific...) Management responsibilities. Contractors are responsible for the safety and health of their workforce and... objectives for the worker safety and health program; (2) Use qualified worker safety and health staff (e.g...

  5. A Total Systems Approach: Reducing Workers' Compensation Costs at UC Davis.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kukulinsky, Janet C.

    1993-01-01

    The University of California (Davis) has revamped its workers' compensation program by improving accountability and safety, implementing safety training, informing workers of the costs of the workers' compensation program, designating a physician and physical therapist, giving light duty to injured employees, using sports medicine techniques, and…

  6. The impact of middle manager affective commitment on perceived improvement program implementation success.

    PubMed

    Fryer, Ashley-Kay; Tucker, Anita L; Singer, Sara J

    Recent literature suggests that middle manager affective commitment (emotional attachment, identification, and involvement) to an improvement program may influence implementation success. However, less is known about the interplay between middle manager affective commitment and frontline worker commitment, another important driver of implementation success. We contribute to this research by surveying middle managers who directly manage frontline workers on nursing units. We assess how middle manager affective commitment is related to their perceptions of implementation success and whether their perceptions of frontline worker support mediate this relationship. We also test whether a set of organizational support factors foster middle manager affective commitment. We adapt survey measures of manager affective commitment to our research context of hospitals. We surveyed 67 nurse managers from 19 U.S. hospitals. We use hierarchical linear regression to assess relationships among middle manager affective commitment to their units' falls reduction program and their perceptions of three constructs related to the program: frontline worker support, organizational support, and implementation success. Middle manager affective commitment to their unit's falls reduction program is positively associated with their perception of implementation success. This relationship is mediated by their perception of frontline worker support for the falls program. Moreover, middle managers' affective commitment to their unit's falls program mediates the relationship between perceived organizational support for the program and perceived implementation success. We, through this research, offer an important contribution by providing empirical support of factors that may influence successful implementation of an improvement program: middle manager affective commitment, frontline worker support, and organizational support for an improvement program. Increasing levels of middle manager affective commitment to an improvement program could strengthen program implementation success by facilitating frontline worker support for the program. Furthermore, providing the organizational support items in our survey construct may bolster middle manager affective commitment.

  7. Management of an unusual extreme extension contracture of the wrist: role of a custom-designed exercise program in achieving a good range of movement and prevention of recontraction.

    PubMed

    Saraiya, Hemant

    2003-01-01

    An extreme extension contracture of wrist with dorsal contracture of fingers 15 years after burn injury is described. Shortening of extensor tendons, secondary lengthening of flexor tendons, contracted wrist joint capsule, unusual dislocation of carpals, dorsal dislocation of metacarpophalangeal joints of fingers, and provision of sufficient amount of good-quality skin were some of the issues that had to be addressed in treatment. The contracture was released, the carpals and metacarpophalangeal joint dislocations were corrected and fixed with K wires, and the resulting defect was covered with a sheet split-thickness skin graft. An exercise program was designed that consisted of isotonic, isokinetic, and isometric resistance exercises and passive, active, and active-assistive range of motion exercises. These exercises were pursued with the intention of increasing dynamic strength, endurance, and overall functional recovery of the flexor muscles by exploiting the immature nature of early scar tissue. The resultant enhanced flexor muscle power from exercises along with the dynamic splint helped in lengthening of extensor tendons, wrist joint capsule, and split-thickness skin graft. It also helped in resisting the recontracting tendency, with further recovery of good range of wrist and fingers movements, obviating the need of tendon-lengthening surgery and flap coverage. One and half years of follow up didn't show any sign of recontracture, and the patient was able to perform his routine activities. Postburn wrist contractures of such magnitude have been seldom described. Emphasis is put on simple contracture release and a postoperative exercise program.

  8. Deformation mechanisms of NiAl cyclicly deformed near the brittle-to-ductile transition temperature

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Cullers, Cheryl L.; Antolovich, Stephen D.

    1993-01-01

    The intermetallic compound NiAl is one of many advanced materials which is being scrutinized for possible use in high temperature, structural applications. Stoichiometric NiAl has a high melting temperature, excellent oxidation resistance, and good thermal conductivity. Past research has concentrated on improving monotonic properties. The encouraging results obtained on binary and micro-alloyed NiAl over the past ten years have led to the broadening of NiAl experimental programs. The purpose of this research project was to determine the low cycle fatigue properties and dislocation mechanisms of stoichiometric NiAl at temperatures near the monotonic brittle-to-ductile transition. The fatigue properties were found to change only slightly in the temperature range of 600 to 700 K; a temperature range over which monotonic ductility and fracture strength increase markedly. The shape of the cyclic hardening curves coincided with the changes observed in the dislocation structures. The evolution of dislocation structures did not appear to change with temperature.

  9. The effect of Medicaid wage pass-through programs on the wages of direct care workers.

    PubMed

    Baughman, Reagan A; Smith, Kristin

    2010-05-01

    Despite growing demand for nursing and home health care as the US population ages, compensation levels in the low-skill nursing labor market that provides the bulk of long-term care remain quite low. The challenge facing providers of long-term care is that Medicaid reimbursement rates for nursing home and home health care severely restrict the wage growth that is necessary to attract workers, resulting in high turnover and labor shortages. Almost half of US states have responded by enacting "pass-through" provisions in their Medicaid programs, channeling additional long-term care funding directly to compensation of lower-skill nursing workers. We test the effect of Medicaid wage pass-through programs on hourly wages for direct care workers. We estimate several specifications of wage models using employment data from the 1996 and 2001 panels of the Survey of Income and Program Participation for nursing, home health, and personal care aides. The effect of pass-through programs is identified by an indicator variable for states with programs; 20 states adopted pass-throughs during the sample period. Workers in states with pass-through programs earn as much as 12% more per hour than workers in other states after those programs are implemented. Medicaid wage pass-through programs appear to be a viable policy option for raising compensation levels of direct care workers, with an eye toward improving recruitment and retention in long-term care settings.

  10. Chronic beryllium disease prevention program; worker safety and health program. Final rule.

    PubMed

    2006-02-09

    The Department of Energy (DOE) is today publishing a final rule to implement the statutory mandate of section 3173 of the Bob Stump National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for Fiscal Year 2003 to establish worker safety and health regulations to govern contractor activities at DOE sites. This program codifies and enhances the worker protection program in operation when the NDAA was enacted.

  11. What They Think: Attributions Made by Youth Workers about Youth Circumstances and the Implications for Service-Delivery in Out-of-School Time Programs

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Travis, Raphael

    2010-01-01

    The current study explored attributions made by youth work professionals ("workers") in out-of-school time (OST) programs about the social circumstances of and perceived need of program youth. It followed prior research examining impacts of worker-level attributions on decision-making in service delivery. Two types of OST programs were…

  12. Determining the mechanical constitutive properties of metals as a function of strain rate and temperature: A combined experimental and modeling approach

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    I. M. Robertson; A. Beaudoin; J. Lambros

    2004-01-05

    OAK-135 Development and validation of constitutive models for polycrystalline materials subjected to high strain rate loading over a range of temperatures are needed to predict the response of engineering materials to in-service type conditions (foreign object damage, high-strain rate forging, high-speed sheet forming, deformation behavior during forming, response to extreme conditions, etc.). To account accurately for the complex effects that can occur during extreme and variable loading conditions, requires significant and detailed computational and modeling efforts. These efforts must be closely coupled with precise and targeted experimental measurements that not only verify the predictions of the models, but also providemore » input about the fundamental processes responsible for the macroscopic response. Achieving this coupling between modeling and experimentation is the guiding principle of this program. Specifically, this program seeks to bridge the length scale between discrete dislocation interactions with grain boundaries and continuum models for polycrystalline plasticity. Achieving this goal requires incorporating these complex dislocation-interface interactions into the well-defined behavior of single crystals. Despite the widespread study of metal plasticity, this aspect is not well understood for simple loading conditions, let alone extreme ones. Our experimental approach includes determining the high-strain rate response as a function of strain and temperature with post-mortem characterization of the microstructure, quasi-static testing of pre-deformed material, and direct observation of the dislocation behavior during reloading by using the in situ transmission electron microscope deformation technique. These experiments will provide the basis for development and validation of physically-based constitutive models, which will include dislocation-grain boundary interactions for polycrystalline systems. One aspect of the program will involve the dire ct observation of specific mechanisms of micro-plasticity, as these will indicate the boundary value problem that should be addressed. This focus on the pre-yield region in the quasi-static effort (the elasto-plastic transition) is also a tractable one from an experimental and modeling viewpoint. In addition, our approach will minimize the need to fit model parameters to experimental data to obtain convergence. These are critical steps to reach the primary objective of simulating and modeling material performance under extreme loading conditions. In this annual report, we describe the progress made in the first year of this program.« less

  13. 20 CFR 1.1 - Under what authority was the Office of Workers' Compensation Programs established?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Under what authority was the Office of Workers' Compensation Programs established? 1.1 Section 1.1 Employees' Benefits OFFICE OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION PROGRAMS, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES PERFORMANCE OF FUNCTIONS § 1.1 Under...

  14. 20 CFR 1.1 - Under what authority was the Office of Workers' Compensation Programs established?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Under what authority was the Office of Workers' Compensation Programs established? 1.1 Section 1.1 Employees' Benefits OFFICE OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION PROGRAMS, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES PERFORMANCE OF FUNCTIONS § 1.1 Under...

  15. 20 CFR 1.1 - Under what authority does the Office of Workers' Compensation Programs operate?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Under what authority does the Office of Workers' Compensation Programs operate? 1.1 Section 1.1 Employees' Benefits OFFICE OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION PROGRAMS, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES PERFORMANCE OF FUNCTIONS § 1.1 Under...

  16. 20 CFR 1.1 - Under what authority does the Office of Workers' Compensation Programs operate?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2014-04-01 2012-04-01 true Under what authority does the Office of Workers' Compensation Programs operate? 1.1 Section 1.1 Employees' Benefits OFFICE OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION PROGRAMS, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES PERFORMANCE OF FUNCTIONS § 1.1 Under...

  17. 20 CFR 1.1 - Under what authority does the Office of Workers' Compensation Programs operate?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2013-04-01 2012-04-01 true Under what authority does the Office of Workers' Compensation Programs operate? 1.1 Section 1.1 Employees' Benefits OFFICE OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION PROGRAMS, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES PERFORMANCE OF FUNCTIONS § 1.1 Under...

  18. Curriculum Guide, English as a Second Language for the Workplace, Worker Education Program.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Northeastern Illinois Univ., Chicago. Chicago Teachers' Center.

    This guide describes a worker-centered, holistic, English-language training program for the textile industry in Illinois, now in its fifth funding cycle. The program, which provides training to approximately 500 workers, requires cooperation among business, labor unions, and educational organizations. A 5-unit curriculum covers work issues, health…

  19. Local Produce, Foreign Labor: Labor Mobility Programs and Global Trade Competitiveness in Canada

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Preibisch, Kerry L.

    2007-01-01

    Temporary visa workers are increasingly taking on a heightened profile in Canada, entering the workforce each year in greater numbers than immigrant workers with labor mobility rights (Sharma 2006). This paper examines the incorporation of foreign workers in Canadian horticulture under the Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program (SAWP). I argue that…

  20. Worker Protection: Notifying Workers at Risk of Occupational Disease

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1987-05-11

    on legislative proposals to establish a federal health risk notification program for workers exposed to hazardous substances. Under such a program the... employee populations and individuals found to be at risk, and (3) provide medical and support information and services to notified workers .) Similar...chemicals be evaluated and information about the hazards be made available to workers in the manufacturing industry. Labor’s Occupational Safety and Health

  1. Does graded return-to-work improve sick-listed workers' chance of returning to regular working hours?

    PubMed

    Høgelund, Jan; Holm, Anders; McIntosh, James

    2010-01-01

    Using Danish register and survey data, we examine the effect of a national graded return-to-work program on the probability of sick-listed workers returning to regular working hours. During program participation, the sick-listed worker works fewer hours and receives the normal hourly wage for the hours worked and sickness benefit for the hours off work. When the worker's health improves, working hours are increased until the sick-listed worker is able to work regular hours. Taking account of unobserved differences between program participants and non-participants, we find that participation in the program significantly increases the probability of returning to regular working hours. Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  2. An examination of railroad yard worker safety

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2001-07-01

    This report presents the methods, findings and recommendations from a multi-year research program that examined worker safety issues in railroad yards. The research program focused on human factor-related hazards and solutions to railroad yard worker...

  3. English as a Second Language for the Workplace. Worker Education Program. Curriculum Guide.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Garcia, Paula; Keresztes-Nagy, Susan

    The guide outlines the curriculum designed for a workplace literacy program for about 500 members of a clothing and textile workers union in the Chicago (Illinois) area. The program is intended to prepare workers for the challenges of work in an environment of constantly changing demographics, new technology, and shifting global economy. An…

  4. Multiscale modeling of dislocation-precipitate interactions in Fe: From molecular dynamics to discrete dislocations.

    PubMed

    Lehtinen, Arttu; Granberg, Fredric; Laurson, Lasse; Nordlund, Kai; Alava, Mikko J

    2016-01-01

    The stress-driven motion of dislocations in crystalline solids, and thus the ensuing plastic deformation process, is greatly influenced by the presence or absence of various pointlike defects such as precipitates or solute atoms. These defects act as obstacles for dislocation motion and hence affect the mechanical properties of the material. Here we combine molecular dynamics studies with three-dimensional discrete dislocation dynamics simulations in order to model the interaction between different kinds of precipitates and a 1/2〈111〉{110} edge dislocation in BCC iron. We have implemented immobile spherical precipitates into the ParaDis discrete dislocation dynamics code, with the dislocations interacting with the precipitates via a Gaussian potential, generating a normal force acting on the dislocation segments. The parameters used in the discrete dislocation dynamics simulations for the precipitate potential, the dislocation mobility, shear modulus, and dislocation core energy are obtained from molecular dynamics simulations. We compare the critical stresses needed to unpin the dislocation from the precipitate in molecular dynamics and discrete dislocation dynamics simulations in order to fit the two methods together and discuss the variety of the relevant pinning and depinning mechanisms.

  5. U.S. Department of Energy Illness, and Injury Surveillance Program, Worker Health At A Glance, 1995-2004

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Health, Safety and Security, Office of Illness and Injury Prevention Programs

    2007-10-01

    The Department of Energy’s (DOE) Illness and Injury Surveillance Program (IISP) has monitored the health of contractor workers at selected DOE sites since 1990. For the first time, the IISP has sufficient data to describe, in a collective manner, the health trends occurring among workers at a number of DOE sites during a 10-year period. This brief report and the more detailed Worker Health Summary assess illness and injury trends of DOE workers according to gender, age, occupational group, and program office over the 10-year period, 1995 through 2004. During this time, over 137,000 individual contractor workers were employed atmore » the 15 DOE sites participating in the IISP.« less

  6. A continuum theory of edge dislocations

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Berdichevsky, V. L.

    2017-09-01

    Continuum theory of dislocation aims to describe the behavior of large ensembles of dislocations. This task is far from completion, and, most likely, does not have a "universal solution", which is applicable to any dislocation ensemble. In this regards it is important to have guiding lines set by benchmark cases, where the transition from a discrete set of dislocations to a continuum description is made rigorously. Two such cases have been considered recently: equilibrium of dislocation walls and screw dislocations in beams. In this paper one more case is studied, equilibrium of a large set of 2D edge dislocations placed randomly in a 2D bounded region. The major characteristic of interest is energy of dislocation ensemble, because it determines the structure of continuum equations. The homogenized energy functional is obtained for the periodic dislocation ensembles with a random contents of the periodic cell. Parameters of the periodic structure can change slowly on distances of order of the size of periodic cells. The energy functional is obtained by the variational-asymptotic method. Equilibrium positions are local minima of energy. It is confirmed the earlier assertion that energy density of the system is the sum of elastic energy of averaged elastic strains and microstructure energy, which is elastic energy of the neutralized dislocation system, i.e. the dislocation system placed in a constant dislocation density field making the averaged dislocation density zero. The computation of energy is reduced to solution of a variational cell problem. This problem is solved analytically. The solution is used to investigate stability of simple dislocation arrays, i.e. arrays with one dislocation in the periodic cell. The relations obtained yield two outcomes: First, there is a state parameter of the system, dislocation polarization; averaged stresses affect only dislocation polarization and cannot change other characteristics of the system. Second, the structure of dislocation phase space is strikingly simple. Dislocation phase space is split in a family of subspaces corresponding to constant values of dislocation polarizations; in each equipolarization subspace there are many local minima of energy; for zero external stresses the system is stuck in a local minimum of energy; for non-zero slowly changing external stress, dislocation polarization evolves, while the system moves over local energy minima of equipolarization subspaces. Such a simple picture of dislocation dynamics is due to the presence of two time scales, slow evolution of dislocation polarization and fast motion of the system over local minima of energy. The existence of two time scales is justified for a neutral system of edge dislocations.

  7. The role of worker education in preventing occupational lung disease.

    PubMed

    Kaufman, J D; Rosenstock, L

    1991-01-01

    Training and education of workers in order to prevent occupational lung diseases represent a challenge to employers, unions, clinicians, and other interested groups. Programs attempting to meet this need range from simple programs in respiratory protection fundamentals and smoking cessation to programs that teach workers to understand and demand their right to a safe and healthful workplace. Support for educational programs has come from diverse sources, including government, labor, business, and independent organizations. In some cases nonprofit organizations have developed innovative programs, but it is important that the burden of preventing occupational lung disease through education not be carried by charitable organizations alone. The role of the clinician in this effort is to educate workers at every opportunity regarding lung hazards and to use early evidence of respiratory damage as a lever to increase the worker's understanding of his or her role in health protection.

  8. Dislocation evolution in 316 L stainless steel during multiaxial ratchetting deformation

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Dong Yawei; Kang Guozheng, E-mail: guozhengkang@yahoo.com.cn; Liu Yujie

    2012-03-15

    Dislocation patterns and their evolutions in 316 L stainless steel during the multiaxial ratchetting deformation were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The microscopic observations indicate that the dislocation evolution presented during the multiaxial ratchetting with four kinds of multiaxial loading paths is similar to that in the uniaxial case [G. Z. Kang et al., Mater Sci Eng A 527 (2010) 5952]. That is, dislocation networks and dislocation tangles are formed quickly by the multiple-slip and cross-slip of dislocation activated by applied multiaxial stress; and then polarized patterns such as dislocation walls and elongated incipient dislocation cells are formed atmore » the last stage of multiaxial ratchetting. The dislocation patterns evolve more quickly from the modes at low dislocation density to the ones at high density during the multiaxial ratchetting than that in the uniaxial case, and some traces of multiple-slip are observed in the multiaxial ones. The dislocation evolution during the multiaxial ratchetting deformation is summarized by comparing the observed dislocation patterns with those presented in the multiaxial strain-controlled and symmetrical stress-controlled cyclic tests. The multiaxial ratchetting of 316 L stainless steel can be microscopically and qualitatively explained by the observed evolution of dislocation patterns. - Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Dislocation patterns change from lines and nets to tangles, walls and cells. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Dislocation patterns evolve quicker in the multiaxial case. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Aligned dislocation arrays and some traces of multiple slips are observed. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Heterogeneous dislocation patterns result in the multiaxial ratchetting.« less

  9. Column-by-column observation of dislocation motion in CdTe: Dynamic scanning transmission electron microscopy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Li, Chen; Zhang, Yu-Yang; Pennycook, Timothy J.; Wu, Yelong; Lupini, Andrew R.; Paudel, Naba; Pantelides, Sokrates T.; Yan, Yanfa; Pennycook, Stephen J.

    2016-10-01

    The dynamics of partial dislocations in CdTe have been observed at the atomic scale using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), allowing the mobility of different dislocations to be directly compared: Cd-core Shockley partial dislocations are more mobile than Te-core partials, and dislocation cores with unpaired columns have higher mobility than those without unpaired columns. The dynamic imaging also provides insight into the process by which the dislocations glide. Dislocations with dangling bonds on unpaired columns are found to be more mobile because the dangling bonds mediate the bond exchanges required for the dislocations to move. Furthermore, a screw dislocation has been resolved to dissociate into a Shockley partial-dislocation pair along two different directions, revealing a way for the screw dislocation to glide in the material. The results show that dynamic STEM imaging has the potential to uncover the details of dislocation motion not easily accessible by other means.

  10. The Medicaid personal care services program: implications for social work practice.

    PubMed

    Oktay, J S; Palley, H A

    1991-05-01

    Results of a survey of Medicaid personal care programs in 15 states and the District of Columbia in 1987 show that these programs suffer from many problems. Low wages and slow payment make recruitment and retention of qualified workers difficult. Other problems include lack of coordination among agencies, lack of adequate standards for training or supervision of workers, unequal access to programs, and inequities among states. Implications for social workers are discussed.

  11. Habitual dislocation of patella: A review

    PubMed Central

    Batra, Sumit; Arora, Sumit

    2014-01-01

    Habitual dislocation of patella is a condition where the patella dislocates whenever the knee is flexed and spontaneously relocates with extension of the knee. It is also termed as obligatory dislocation as the patella dislocates completely with each flexion and extension cycle of the knee and the patient has no control over the patella dislocating as he or she moves the knee1. It usually presents after the child starts to walk, and is often well tolerated in children, if it is not painful. However it may present in childhood with dysfunction and instability. Very little literature is available on habitual dislocation of patella as most of the studies have combined cases of recurrent dislocation with habitual dislocation. Many different surgical techniques have been described in the literature for the treatment of habitual dislocation of patella. No single procedure is fully effective in the surgical treatment of habitual dislocation of patella and a combination of procedures is recommended. PMID:25983506

  12. 77 FR 24992 - OSHA Strategic Partnership Program for Worker Safety and Health (OSPP); Extension of the Office...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-26

    ... Strategic Partnership Program for Worker Safety and Health (OSPP); Extension of the Office of Management and... specified in the OSHAs Strategic Partnership Program for Worker Safety and Health (OSPP). DATES: Comments... accepted during the Department of Labor's and Docket Office's normal business hours, 8:15 a.m. to 4:45 p.m...

  13. Atomic-scale investigation of point defects and hydrogen-solute atmospheres on the edge dislocation mobility in alpha iron

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Bhatia, M. A.; Solanki, K. N., E-mail: kiran.solanki@asu.edu; Groh, S.

    2014-08-14

    In this study, we present atomistic mechanisms of 1/2 [111](11{sup ¯}0) edge dislocation interactions with point defects (hydrogen and vacancies) and hydrogen solute atmospheres in body centered cubic (bcc) iron. In metals such as iron, increases in hydrogen concentration can increase dislocation mobility and/or cleavage-type decohesion. Here, we first investigate the dislocation mobility in the presence of various point defects, i.e., change in the frictional stress as the edge dislocation interacts with (a) vacancy, (b) substitutional hydrogen, (c) one substitutional and one interstitial hydrogen, (d) interstitial hydrogen, (e) vacancy and interstitial hydrogen, and (f) two interstitial hydrogen. Second, we examinemore » the role of a hydrogen-solute atmosphere on the rate of local dislocation velocity. The edge dislocation simulation with a vacancy in the compression side of the dislocation and an interstitial hydrogen atom at the tension side exhibit the strongest mechanical response, suggesting a higher potential barrier and hence, the higher frictional stress (i.e., ∼83% higher than the pure iron Peierls stress). In the case of a dislocation interacting with a vacancy on the compressive side, the vacancy binds with the edge dislocation, resulting in an increase in the friction stress of about 28% when compared with the Peierls stress of an edge dislocation in pure iron. Furthermore, as the applied strain increases, the vacancy migrates through a dislocation transportation mechanism by attaining a velocity of the same order as the dislocation velocity. For the case of the edge dislocation interacting with interstitial hydrogen on the tension side, the hydrogen atom jumps through one layer perpendicular to the glide plane during the pinning-unpinning process. Finally, our simulation of dislocation interactions with hydrogen show first an increase in the local dislocation velocity followed by a pinning of the dislocation core in the atmosphere, resulting in resistance to dislocation motion as the dislocation moves though the hydrogen-solute atmospheres. With this systematic, atomistic study of the edge dislocation with various point defects, we show significant increase in obstacle strengths in addition to an increase in the local dislocation velocity during interaction with solute atmospheres. The results have implications for constitutive development and modeling of the hydrogen effect on dislocation mobility and deformation in metals.« less

  14. [Classification and Treatment of Sacroiliac Joint Dislocation].

    PubMed

    Tan, Zhen; Huang, Zhong; Li, Liang; Meng, Wei-Kun; Liu, Lei; Zhang, Hui; Wang, Guang-Lin; Huang, Fu-Guo

    2017-09-01

    To develop a renewed classification and treatment regimen for sacroiliac joint dislocation. According to the direction of dislocation of sacroiliac joint,combined iliac,sacral fractures,and fracture morphology,sacroiliac joint dislocation was classified into 4 types. Type Ⅰ (sacroiliac anterior dislocation): main fracture fragments of posterior iliac wing dislocated in front of sacroiliac joint. Type Ⅱ (sacroiliac posterior dislocation): main fracture fragments of posterior iliac wing dislocated in posterior of sacroiliac joint. Type Ⅲ (Crescent fracturedislocation of the sacroiliac joint): upward dislocation of posterior iliac wing with oblique fracture through posterior iliac wing. Type ⅢA: a large crescent fragment and dislocation comprises no more than onethird of sacroiliac joint,which is typically inferior. Type ⅢB: intermediatesize crescent fragment and dislocation comprises between one and twothirds of joint. Type ⅢC: a small crescent fragment where dislocation comprises most,but not the entire joint. Different treatment regimens were selected for different types of fractures. Treatment for type Ⅰ sacroiliac joint dislocation: anterior iliac fossa approach pry stripping reset; sacroiliac joint fixed with sacroiliac screw through percutaneous. Treatment for type Ⅱ sacroiliac joint dislocation: posterior sacroiliac joint posterior approach; sacroiliac joint fixed with sacroiliac screw under computer guidance. Treatment for type ⅢA and ⅢB sacroiliac joint dislocation: posterior sacroiliac joint approach; sacroiliac joint fixed with reconstruction plate. Treatment for type ⅢC sacroiliac joint dislocation: sacroiliac joint closed reduction; sacroiliac joint fixed with sacroiliac screw through percutaneous. Treatment for type Ⅳ sacroiliac joint dislocation: posterior approach; sacroiliac joint fixed with spinal pelvic fixation. Results of 24 to 72 months patient follow-up (mean 34.5 months): 100% survival,100% wound healing,and 100% fracture healing. Two cases were identified as type Ⅰ sacroiliac joint dislocation,including one with coexistence of nerve injury. Patients recovered completely 12 months after surgery. Eight cases were identified as type Ⅱ sacroiliac joint dislocation; none had obvious nerve injury during treatments. Twelve cases were identified as type Ⅲ sacroiliac joint dislocation,including one with coexistence of nerve injury. Patients recovered completely 12 months after surgery. Three cases were identified as type Ⅳ sacroiliac joint dislocation with coexistence of nerve injury. Two patients fully recovered 12 months after surgery. One had partial recovery of neurological function. The classification and treatment regimen for sacroiliac joint dislocation have achieved better therapeutic effect,which is worth promoting.

  15. Evaluation of a shared-work program for reducing assistance provided to supported workers with severe multiple disabilities.

    PubMed

    Parsons, Marsha B; Reid, Dennis H; Green, Carolyn W; Browning, Leah B; Hensley, Mary B

    2002-01-01

    Concern has been expressed recently regarding the need to enhance the performance of individuals with highly significant disabilities in community-based, supported jobs. We evaluated a shared-work program for reducing job coach assistance provided to three workers with severe multiple disabilities in a publishing company. Following systematic observations of the assistance provided as each worker worked on entire job tasks, steps comprising the tasks were then re-assigned across workers. The re-assignment involved assigning each worker only those task steps for which the respective worker received the least amount of assistance (e.g., re-assigning steps that a worker could not complete due to physical disabilities), and ensuring the entire tasks were still completed by combining steps performed by all three workers. The shared-work program was accompanied by reductions in job coach assistance provided to each worker. Work productivity of the supported workers initially decreased but then increased to a level equivalent to the higher ranges of baseline productivity. These results suggested that the shared-work program appears to represent a viable means of enhancing supported work performance of people with severe multiple disabilities in some types of community jobs. Future research needs discussed focus on evaluating shared-work approaches with other jobs, and developing additional community work models specifically for people with highly significant disabilities.

  16. Healthcare organization-education partnerships and career ladder programs for health care workers.

    PubMed

    Dill, Janette S; Chuang, Emmeline; Morgan, Jennifer C

    2014-12-01

    Increasing concerns about quality of care and workforce shortages have motivated health care organizations and educational institutions to partner to create career ladders for frontline health care workers. Career ladders reward workers for gains in skills and knowledge and may reduce the costs associated with turnover, improve patient care, and/or address projected shortages of certain nursing and allied health professions. This study examines partnerships between health care and educational organizations in the United States during the design and implementation of career ladder training programs for low-skill workers in health care settings, referred to as frontline health care workers. Mixed methods data from 291 frontline health care workers and 347 key informants (e.g., administrators, instructors, managers) collected between 2007 and 2010 were analyzed using both regression and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). Results suggest that different combinations of partner characteristics, including having an education leader, employer leader, frontline management support, partnership history, community need, and educational policies, were necessary for high worker career self-efficacy and program satisfaction. Whether a worker received a wage increase, however, was primarily dependent on leadership within the health care organization, including having an employer leader and employer implementation policies. Findings suggest that strong partnerships between health care and educational organizations can contribute to the successful implementation of career ladder programs, but workers' ability to earn monetary rewards for program participation depends on the strength of leadership support within the health care organization. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  17. Impact of screw and edge dislocations on the thermal conductivity of individual nanowires and bulk GaN: a molecular dynamics study.

    PubMed

    Termentzidis, Konstantinos; Isaiev, Mykola; Salnikova, Anastasiia; Belabbas, Imad; Lacroix, David; Kioseoglou, Joseph

    2018-02-14

    We report the thermal transport properties of wurtzite GaN in the presence of dislocations using molecular dynamics simulations. A variety of isolated dislocations in a nanowire configuration are analyzed and found to considerably reduce the thermal conductivity while impacting its temperature dependence in a different manner. Isolated screw dislocations reduce the thermal conductivity by a factor of two, while the influence of edge dislocations is less pronounced. The relative reduction of thermal conductivity is correlated with the strain energy of each of the five studied types of dislocations and the nature of the bonds around the dislocation core. The temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity follows a physical law described by a T -1 variation in combination with an exponent factor that depends on the material's nature, type and the structural characteristics of the dislocation core. Furthermore, the impact of the dislocation density on the thermal conductivity of bulk GaN is examined. The variation and absolute values of the total thermal conductivity as a function of the dislocation density are similar for defected systems with both screw and edge dislocations. Nevertheless, we reveal that the thermal conductivity tensors along the parallel and perpendicular directions to the dislocation lines are different. The discrepancy of the anisotropy of the thermal conductivity grows with increasing density of dislocations and it is more pronounced for the systems with edge dislocations. Besides the fundamental insights of the presented results, these could also be used for the identification of the type of dislocations when one experimentally obtains the evolution of thermal conductivity with temperature since each type of dislocation has a different signature, or one could extract the density of dislocations with a simple measurement of thermal anisotropy.

  18. Characteristics of farm injuries in Greece.

    PubMed

    Alexe, D M; Petridou, E; Dessypris, N; Skenderis, N; Trichopoulos, D

    2003-08-01

    To assess the characteristics of occupational and leisure farm injuries in Greece. During a five-year period (1996-2000), 4,326 unintentional farm injuries have been recorded by the Emergency Department Injury Surveillance System in Greece. Data concerning demographic variables, accident conditions, and injury characteristics were collected by in person interviews. The data were analyzed by simple cross-tabulation and hierarchical cluster analysis. Injuries from falls on the same level are mainly lower-limb fractures and occur during the winter among older women. Falls from higher level concern migrant workers, who also tend to suffer severe multiple injuries, including concussions, particularly during autumn. Injuries resulting from cutting and piercing instruments, as well as from machinery, are generally open wounds in the upper-limbs, suffered by young migrant workers. Head injuries resulting from striking against an object are more generally spread across socio-demographic variables. Overexertion is the dominant mechanism for dislocations and sprains in the lower limbs. Snake and insect bites are common among younger migrant workers during summer, and they affect the upper limbs during manual work close to the ground. Non-traffic injuries from vehicles are frequently severe, involving head concussion of generally young individuals. In Greece, farm injuries are frequently serious and require hospitalization. These injuries show distinct patterns among older women (lower-limb fractures), young individuals (non-traffic vehicle-related injuries) and migrant workers (injuries from cutting and piercing instruments, falls from high level, and bites). Prevention strategies should give priority to these population groups. These prevention strategies should include guidance for poorly educated workers, including migrants, enforcement of safety regulations concerning farming machinery, and discouragement of risky farming activities among elderly individuals, particularly women.

  19. 3D discrete dislocation dynamics study of creep behavior in Ni-base single crystal superalloys by a combined dislocation climb and vacancy diffusion model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gao, Siwen; Fivel, Marc; Ma, Anxin; Hartmaier, Alexander

    2017-05-01

    A three-dimensional (3D) discrete dislocation dynamics (DDD) creep model is developed to investigate creep behavior under uniaxial tensile stress along the crystallographic [001] direction in Ni-base single crystal superalloys, which takes explicitly account of dislocation glide, climb and vacancy diffusion, but neglects phase transformation like rafting of γ‧ precipitates. The vacancy diffusion model takes internal stresses by dislocations and mismatch strains into account and it is coupled to the dislocation dynamics model in a numerically efficient way. This model is helpful for understanding the fundamental creep mechanisms in superalloys and clarifying the effects of dislocation glide and climb on creep deformation. In cases where the precipitate cutting rarely occurs, e.g. due to the high anti-phase boundary energy and the lack of superdislocations, the dislocation glide in the γ matrix and the dislocation climb along the γ/γ‧ interface dominate plastic deformation. The simulation results show that a high temperature or a high stress both promote dislocation motion and multiplication, so as to cause a large creep strain. Dislocation climb accelerated by high temperature only produces a small plastic strain, but relaxes the hardening caused by the filling γ channels and lets dislocations further glide and multiply. The strongest variation of vacancy concentration occurs in the horizontal channels, where more mixed dislocations exit and tend to climb. The increasing internal stresses due to the increasing dislocation density are easily overcome by dislocations under a high external stress that leads to a long-term dislocation glide accompanied by multiplication.

  20. Interfacial dislocations in (111) oriented (Ba 0.7Sr 0.3)TiO 3 films on SrTiO 3 single crystal

    DOE PAGES

    Shen, Xuan; Yamada, Tomoaki; Lin, Ruoqian; ...

    2015-10-08

    In this study, we have investigated the interfacial structure of epitaxial (Ba,Sr)TiO 3 films grown on (111)-oriented SrTiO 3 single-crystal substrates using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Compared with the (100) epitaxial perovskite films, we observe dominant dislocation half-loop with Burgers vectors of a<110> comprised of a misfit dislocation along <112>, and threading dislocations along <110> or <100>. The misfit dislocation with Burgers vector of a <110> can dissociate into two ½ a <110> partial dislocations and one stacking fault. We found the dislocation reactions occur not only between misfit dislocations, but also between threading dislocations. Via three-dimensional electron tomography,more » we retrieved the configurations of the threading dislocation reactions. The reactions between threading dislocations lead to a more efficient strain relaxation than do the misfit dislocations alone in the near-interface region of the (111)-oriented (Ba 0.7Sr 0.3)TiO 3 films.« less

  1. Dislocation mechanisms in stressed crystals with surface effects

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wu, Chi-Chin; Crone, Joshua; Munday, Lynn; Discrete Dislocation Dynamics Team

    2014-03-01

    Understanding dislocation properties in stressed crystals is the key for important processes in materials science, including the strengthening of metals and the stress relaxation during the growth of hetero-epitaxial structures. Despite existing experimental approaches and theories, many dislocation mechanisms with surface effects still remain elusive in experiments. Even though discrete dislocation dynamics (DDD) simulations are commonly employed to study dislocations, few demonstrate sufficient computational capabilities for massive dislocations with the combined effects of surfaces and stresses. Utilizing the Army's newly developed FED3 code, a DDD computation code coupled with finite elements, this work presents several dislocation mechanisms near different types of surfaces in finite domains. Our simulation models include dislocations in a bended metallic cantilever beam, near voids in stressed metals, as well as threading and misfit dislocations in as-grown semiconductor epitaxial layers and their quantitative inter-correlations to stress relaxation and surface instability. Our studies provide not only detailed physics of individual dislocation mechanisms, but also important collective dislocation properties such as dislocation densities and strain-stress profiles and their interactions with surfaces.

  2. Recombination properties of dislocations in GaN

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yakimov, Eugene B.; Polyakov, Alexander Y.; Lee, In-Hwan; Pearton, Stephen J.

    2018-04-01

    The recombination activity of threading dislocations in n-GaN with different dislocation densities and different doping levels was studied using electron beam induced current (EBIC). The recombination velocity on a dislocation, also known as the dislocation recombination strength, was calculated. The results suggest that dislocations in n-GaN giving contrast in EBIC are charged and surrounded by a space charge region, as evidenced by the observed dependence of dislocation recombination strength on dopant concentration. For moderate (below ˜108 cm-2) dislocation densities, these defects do not primarily determine the average diffusion length of nonequilibrium charge carriers, although locally, dislocations are efficient recombination sites. In general, it is observed that the effect of the growth method [standard metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), epitaxial lateral overgrowth versions of MOCVD, and hydride vapor phase epitaxy] on the recombination activity of dislocations is not very pronounced, although the average diffusion lengths can widely differ for various samples. The glide of basal plane dislocations at room temperature promoted by low energy electron irradiation does not significantly change the recombination properties of dislocations.

  3. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Trishkina, L., E-mail: trishkina.53@mail.ru; Zboykova, N.; Koneva, N., E-mail: koneva@tsuab.ru

    The aim of the investigation was the determination of the statistic description of dislocation distribution in each dislocation substructures component forming after different deformation degrees in the Cu-Al alloys. The dislocation structures were investigated by the transmission diffraction electron microscopy method. In the work the statistic description of distance distribution between the dislocations, dislocation barriers and dislocation tangles in the deformed Cu-Al alloys with different concentration of Al and test temperature at the grain size of 100 µm was carried out. It was established that the above parameters influence the dislocation distribution in different types of the dislocation substructures (DSS): dislocationmore » chaos, dislocation networks without disorientation, nondisoriented and disoriented cells, in the walls and inside the cells. The distributions of the distances between dislocations in the investigated alloys for each DSS type formed at certain deformation degrees and various test temperatures were plotted.« less

  4. Modeling and 2-D discrete simulation of dislocation dynamics for plastic deformation of metal

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Liu, Juan; Cui, Zhenshan; Ou, Hengan; Ruan, Liqun

    2013-05-01

    Two methods are employed in this paper to investigate the dislocation evolution during plastic deformation of metal. One method is dislocation dynamic simulation of two-dimensional discrete dislocation dynamics (2D-DDD), and the other is dislocation dynamics modeling by means of nonlinear analysis. As screw dislocation is prone to disappear by cross-slip, only edge dislocation is taken into account in simulation. First, an approach of 2D-DDD is used to graphically simulate and exhibit the collective motion of a large number of discrete dislocations. In the beginning, initial grains are generated in the simulation cells according to the mechanism of grain growth and the initial dislocation is randomly distributed in grains and relaxed under the internal stress. During the simulation process, the externally imposed stress, the long range stress contribution of all dislocations and the short range stress caused by the grain boundaries are calculated. Under the action of these forces, dislocations begin to glide, climb, multiply, annihilate and react with each other. Besides, thermal activation process is included. Through the simulation, the distribution of dislocation and the stress-strain curves can be obtained. On the other hand, based on the classic dislocation theory, the variation of the dislocation density with time is described by nonlinear differential equations. Finite difference method (FDM) is used to solve the built differential equations. The dislocation evolution at a constant strain rate is taken as an example to verify the rationality of the model.

  5. Mapping educational opportunities for healthcare workers on antimicrobial resistance and stewardship around the world.

    PubMed

    Rogers Van Katwyk, Susan; Jones, Sara L; Hoffman, Steven J

    2018-02-05

    Antimicrobial resistance is an important global issue facing society. Healthcare workers need to be engaged in solving this problem, as advocates for rational antimicrobial use, stewards of sustainable effectiveness, and educators of their patients. To fulfill this role, healthcare workers need access to training and educational resources on antimicrobial resistance. To better understand the resources available to healthcare workers, we undertook a global environmental scan of educational programs and resources targeting healthcare workers on the topic of antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial stewardship. Programs were identified through contact with key experts, web searching, and academic literature searching. We summarized programs in tabular form, including participating organizations, region, and intended audience. We developed a coding system to classify programs by program type and participating organization type, assigning multiple codes as necessary and creating summary charts for program types, organization types, and intended audience to illustrate the breadth of available resources. We identified 94 educational initiatives related to antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial stewardship, which represent a diverse array of programs including courses, workshops, conferences, guidelines, public outreach materials, and online-resource websites. These resources were developed by a combination of government bodies, professional societies, universities, non-profit and community organizations, hospitals and healthcare centers, and insurance companies and industry. Most programs either targeted healthcare workers collectively or specifically targeted physicians. A smaller number of programs were aimed at other healthcare worker groups including pharmacists, nurses, midwives, and healthcare students. Our environmental scan shows that there are many organizations working to develop and share educational resources for healthcare workers on antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial stewardship. Governments, hospitals, and professional societies appear to be driving action on this front, sometimes working with other types of organizations. A broad range of resources have been made freely available; however, we have noted several opportunities for action, including increased engagement with students, improvements to pre-service education, recognition of antimicrobial resistance courses as continuing medical education, and better platforms for resource-sharing online.

  6. Worksite Influences on Obesogenic Behaviors in Low-Wage Workers in St Louis, Missouri, 2013–2014

    PubMed Central

    Pizzorno, Galen; Kinghorn, Anna M.; Evanoff, Bradley A.

    2015-01-01

    Introduction More than one-third of US adults are obese. Workplace programs to reduce obesity and improve overall health are not available or accessible to all workers, particularly low-wage workers among whom obesity is more prevalent. The goal of the study was to identify modifiable workplace factors and behaviors associated with diet and exercise to inform future workplace interventions to improve health. Methods We distributed paper and online surveys to 2 groups of low-wage workers, hospital workers and retail sales workers, at the worksites. The surveys assessed obesity, obesogenic behaviors, workplace factors, and worker participation in workplace health programs (WHPs). Descriptive and regression analyses were conducted to examine workplace factors associated with obesogenic behaviors. Results A total of 529 surveys were completed (219 hospital workers and 310 retail workers). More than 40% of workers were obese and 27% were overweight. In general, workers had poor diets (frequent consumption of sugary and high-fat foods) and engaged in little physical activity (only 30.9% met recommended physical activity guidelines). Access to and participation in workplace health programs varied greatly between hospital and retail sales workers. We identified several modifiable workplace factors, such as food source and work schedule, that were associated with diet, exercise, or participation in workplace health programs. Conclusion This study illustrates the high prevalence of obesity and obesogenic behaviors workers in 2 low-wage groups. The differences between work groups indicated that each group had unique facilitators and barriers to healthy eating and exercise. An understanding of how socioeconomic, demographic, and work-related factors influence health will help to identify high-risk populations for intervention and to design interventions tailored and relevant to the target audiences. PMID:25950573

  7. Worksite influences on obesogenic behaviors in low-wage workers in St Louis, Missouri, 2013-2014.

    PubMed

    Strickland, Jaime R; Pizzorno, Galen; Kinghorn, Anna M; Evanoff, Bradley A

    2015-05-07

    More than one-third of US adults are obese. Workplace programs to reduce obesity and improve overall health are not available or accessible to all workers, particularly low-wage workers among whom obesity is more prevalent. The goal of the study was to identify modifiable workplace factors and behaviors associated with diet and exercise to inform future workplace interventions to improve health. We distributed paper and online surveys to 2 groups of low-wage workers, hospital workers and retail sales workers, at the worksites. The surveys assessed obesity, obesogenic behaviors, workplace factors, and worker participation in workplace health programs (WHPs). Descriptive and regression analyses were conducted to examine workplace factors associated with obesogenic behaviors. A total of 529 surveys were completed (219 hospital workers and 310 retail workers). More than 40% of workers were obese and 27% were overweight. In general, workers had poor diets (frequent consumption of sugary and high-fat foods) and engaged in little physical activity (only 30.9% met recommended physical activity guidelines). Access to and participation in workplace health programs varied greatly between hospital and retail sales workers. We identified several modifiable workplace factors, such as food source and work schedule, that were associated with diet, exercise, or participation in workplace health programs. This study illustrates the high prevalence of obesity and obesogenic behaviors workers in 2 low-wage groups. The differences between work groups indicated that each group had unique facilitators and barriers to healthy eating and exercise. An understanding of how socioeconomic, demographic, and work-related factors influence health will help to identify high-risk populations for intervention and to design interventions tailored and relevant to the target audiences.

  8. Modal analysis of dislocation vibration and reaction attempt frequency

    DOE PAGES

    Sobie, Cameron; Capolungo, Laurent; McDowell, David L.; ...

    2017-02-04

    Transition state theory is a fundamental approach for temporal coarse-graining. It estimates the reaction rate for a transition processes by quantifying the activation free energy and attempt frequency for the unit process. To calculate the transition rate of a gliding dislocation, the attempt frequency is often obtained from line tension estimates of dislocation vibrations, a highly simplified model of dislocation behavior. This work revisits the calculation of attempt frequency for a dislocation bypassing an obstacle, in this case a self-interstitial atom (SIA) loop. First, a direct calculation of the vibrational characteristics of a finite pinned dislocation segment is compared tomore » line tension estimates before moving to the more complex case of dislocation-obstacle bypass. The entropic factor associated with the attempt frequency is calculated for a finite dislocation segment and for an infinite glide dislocation interacting with an SIA loop. Lastly, it is found to be dislocation length independent for three cases of dislocation-self interstitial atom (SIA) loop interactions.« less

  9. Dynamics of threading dislocations in porous heteroepitaxial GaN films

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gutkin, M. Yu.; Rzhavtsev, E. A.

    2017-12-01

    Behavior of threading dislocations in porous heteroepitaxial gallium nitride (GaN) films has been studied using computer simulation by the two-dimensional discrete dislocation dynamics approach. A computational scheme, where pores are modeled as cross sections of cylindrical cavities, elastically interacting with unidirectional parallel edge dislocations, which imitate threading dislocations, is used. Time dependences of coordinates and velocities of each dislocation from dislocation ensembles under investigation are obtained. Visualization of current structure of dislocation ensemble is performed in the form of a location map of dislocations at any time. It has been shown that the density of appearing dislocation structures significantly depends on the ratio of area of a pore cross section to area of the simulation region. In particular, increasing the portion of pores surface on the layer surface up to 2% should lead to about a 1.5-times decrease of the final density of threading dislocations, and increase of this portion up to 15% should lead to approximately a 4.5-times decrease of it.

  10. DEVELOPMENT OF A SAFETY COMMUNICATION AND RECOGNITION PROGRAM FOR CONSTRUCTION

    PubMed Central

    SPARER, EMILY H.; HERRICK, ROBERT F.; DENNERLEIN, JACK T.

    2017-01-01

    Leading-indicator–based (e.g., hazard recognition) incentive programs provide an alternative to controversial lagging-indicator–based (e.g., injury rates) programs. We designed a leading-indicator–based safety communication and recognition program that incentivized safe working conditions. The program was piloted for two months on a commercial construction worksite, and then redesigned using qualitative interview and focus group data from management and workers. We then ran the redesigned program for six months on the same worksite. Foremen received detailed weekly feedback from safety inspections, and posters displayed worksite and subcontractor safety scores. In the final program design, the whole site, not individual subcontractors, was the unit of analysis and recognition. This received high levels of acceptance from workers, who noted increased levels of site unity and team-building. This pilot program showed that construction workers value solidarity with others on site, demonstrating the importance of health and safety programs that engage all workers through a reliable and consistent communication infrastructure. PMID:25815741

  11. Supportive supervision and constructive relationships with healthcare workers support CHW performance: Use of a qualitative framework to evaluate CHW programming in Uganda.

    PubMed

    Ludwick, Teralynn; Turyakira, Eleanor; Kyomuhangi, Teddy; Manalili, Kimberly; Robinson, Sheila; Brenner, Jennifer L

    2018-02-13

    While evidence supports community health worker (CHW) capacity to improve maternal and newborn health in less-resourced countries, key implementation gaps remain. Tools for assessing CHW performance and evidence on what programmatic components affect performance are lacking. This study developed and tested a qualitative evaluative framework and tool to assess CHW team performance in a district program in rural Uganda. A new assessment framework was developed to collect and analyze qualitative evidence based on CHW perspectives on seven program components associated with effectiveness (selection; training; community embeddedness; peer support; supportive supervision; relationship with other healthcare workers; retention and incentive structures). Focus groups were conducted with four high/medium-performing CHW teams and four low-performing CHW teams selected through random, stratified sampling. Content analysis involved organizing focus group transcripts according to the seven program effectiveness components, and assigning scores to each component per focus group. Four components, 'supportive supervision', 'good relationships with other healthcare workers', 'peer support', and 'retention and incentive structures' received the lowest overall scores. Variances in scores between 'high'/'medium'- and 'low'-performing CHW teams were largest for 'supportive supervision' and 'good relationships with other healthcare workers.' Our analysis suggests that in the Bushenyi intervention context, CHW team performance is highly correlated with the quality of supervision and relationships with other healthcare workers. CHWs identified key performance-related issues of absentee supervisors, referral system challenges, and lack of engagement/respect by health workers. Other less-correlated program components warrant further study and may have been impacted by relatively consistent program implementation within our limited study area. Applying process-oriented measurement tools are needed to better understand CHW performance-related factors and build a supportive environment for CHW program effectiveness and sustainability. Findings from a qualitative, multi-component tool developed and applied in this study suggest that factors related to (1) supportive supervision and (2) relationships with other healthcare workers may be strongly associated with variances in performance outcomes within a program. Careful consideration of supervisory structure and health worker orientation during program implementation are among strategies proposed to increase CHW performance.

  12. Promoting job safety for workers with intellectual disabilities: the staying safe at work training curriculum.

    PubMed

    Dewey, Robin

    2011-01-01

    In the United States, approximately 125,000 people with disabilities are employed through Community Rehabilitation Programs in manufacturing, assembly, and service jobs. These jobs have significant hazards and, consequently, the workers are at risk of injury. Training that empowers workers to participate in prevention efforts can help reduce work-related injuries. In general this kind of health and safety training in the United States is limited. It is even more so for workers with intellectual disabilities, in part because there have not been programs for teaching individuals with cognitive challenges health and safety skills, adapted to their learning needs. This paper describes the development and promotion of the Staying Safe at Work curriculum of UC Berkeley's Labor Occupational Health Program, which is designed for use by support agencies and employers of workers with intellectual disabilities. The goal of this program is to teach these workers essential occupational safety and health skills in a manner they can understand.

  13. Process Evaluation of a Workers' Health Surveillance Program for Meat Processing Workers.

    PubMed

    van Holland, Berry J; Brouwer, Sandra; de Boer, Michiel R; Reneman, Michiel F; Soer, Remko

    2017-09-01

    Objective To evaluate the implementation process of a workers' health surveillance (WHS) program in a Dutch meat processing company. Methods Workers from five plants were eligible to participate in the WHS program. The program consisted of four evaluative components and an intervention component. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to evaluate seven process aspects. Data were gathered by interviews with stakeholders, participant questionnaires, and from registries of the company and occupational health service. Results Two recruitment strategies were used: open invitation or automatic participation. Of the 986 eligible workers, 305 participated in the program. Average reach was 53 %. Two out of five program components could not be assessed on dose delivered, dose received and fidelity. If components were assessable, 85-100 % of the components was delivered, 66-100 % of the components was received by participants, and fidelity was 100 %. Participants were satisfied with the WHS program (mean score 7.6). Contextual factors that facilitated implementation were among others societal developments and management support. Factors that formed barriers were program novelty and delayed follow-up. Conclusion The WHS program was well received by participants. Not all participants were offered the same number of program components, and not all components were performed according to protocol. Deviation from protocol is an indication of program failure and may affect program effectiveness.

  14. Return-to-work for multiple jobholders with a work-related musculoskeletal disorder: A population-based, matched cohort in British Columbia.

    PubMed

    Maas, Esther T; Koehoorn, Mieke; McLeod, Christopher B

    2018-01-01

    Multiple jobholders (MJHs) have a higher risk of injury compared to single jobholders (SJHs), but it is unknown if return-to-work (RTW) after a work injury is affected by multiple jobholding. This study examined the association between multiple versus single jobholding and time to RTW for workers with a work-related musculoskeletal disorder (MSD). We used administrative workers' compensation data to identify injured workers with an accepted MSD lost-time claim between 2010-2014 in British Columbia, Canada (n = 125,639 SJHs and 9,029 MJHs). The outcome was days until RTW during twelve months after the first day of time-loss. The MJH and SJH cohorts were balanced using coarsened exact matching that yielded a final matched cohort of 8,389 MJHs and 8,389 SJHs. The outcome was estimated with Cox regression, using piecewise models, and the hazard ratios were stratified by type of MSD, a serious injury indicator, gender, weekly workdays preceding MSD, and wage categories. MJHs were less likely to RTW compared to SJHs within the first six months after the first time-loss day, with greater and longer lasting effects for males, workers with a serious injury, and a higher wage. No difference between MJHs and SJHs was found for workers who had a six- or seven-day work week preceding MSD, for workers with dislocations, and for workers who were still off work after six months. Overall, MJHs with a workweek of maximum five days are disadvantaged compared to SJHs in terms of RTW following a work-related MSD within the first six months after the first time-loss day. This difference might be caused by more precarious job contracts for MJHs that challenges RTW because of lack of support for modified work, higher workload, and reduced likelihood that MJHs file a workers' compensation claim. Despite adjusting for type of MSD, severity of injury and occupation, the differences persisted for the vast majority of the study sample.

  15. Heat stress management program improving worker health and operational effectiveness: a case study.

    PubMed

    Huss, Rosalyn G; Skelton, Scott B; Alvis, Kimberly L; Shane, Leigh A

    2013-03-01

    Heat stress monitoring is a vital component of an effective health and safety program when employees work in exceptionally warm environments. Workers at hazardous waste sites often wear personal protective equipment (PPE), which increases the body heat stress load. No specific Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations address heat stress; however, OSHA does provide several guidance documents to assist employers in addressing this serious workplace health hazard. This article describes a heat stress and surveillance plan implemented at a hazardous waste site as part of the overall health and safety program. The PPE requirement for work at this site, coupled with extreme environmental temperatures, made heat stress a significant concern. Occupational health nurses and industrial hygienists developed a monitoring program for heat stress designed to prevent the occurrence of significant heat-related illness in site workers. The program included worker education on the signs of heat-related illness and continuous physiologic monitoring to detect early signs of heat-related health problems. Biological monitoring data were collected before workers entered the exclusion zone and on exiting the zone following decontamination. Sixty-six site workers were monitored throughout site remediation. More than 1,700 biological monitoring data points were recorded. Outcomes included improved worker health and safety, and increased operational effectiveness. Copyright 2013, SLACK Incorporated.

  16. Density of bunched threading dislocations in epitaxial GaN layers as determined using X-ray diffraction

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Barchuk, M.; Holý, V.; Rafaja, D.

    2018-04-01

    X-ray diffraction is one of the most popular experimental methods employed for determination of dislocation densities, as it can recognize both the strain fields and the local lattice rotations produced by dislocations. The main challenge of the quantitative analysis of the dislocation density is the formulation of a suitable microstructure model, which describes the dislocation arrangement and the effect of the interactions between the strain fields from neighboring dislocations reliably in order to be able to determine the dislocation densities precisely. The aim of this study is to prove the capability of X-ray diffraction and two computational methods, which are frequently used for quantification of the threading dislocation densities from X-ray diffraction measurements, in the special case of partially bunched threading dislocations. The first method is based on the analysis of the dislocation-controlled crystal mosaicity, and the other one on the analysis of diffuse X-ray scattering from threading dislocations. The complementarity of both methods is discussed. Furthermore, it is shown how the complementarity of these methods can be used to improve the results of the quantitative analysis of bunched and thus inhomogeneously distributed threading dislocations and to get a better insight into the dislocation arrangement.

  17. Intervention mapping for development of a participatory return-to-work intervention for temporary agency workers and unemployed workers sick-listed due to musculoskeletal disorders

    PubMed Central

    Vermeulen, Sylvia J; Anema, Johannes R; Schellart, Antonius JM; van Mechelen, Willem; van der Beek, Allard J

    2009-01-01

    Background In the past decade in activities aiming at return-to-work (RTW), there has been a growing awareness to change the focus from sickness and work disability to recovery and work ability. To date, this process in occupational health care (OHC) has mainly been directed towards employees. However, within the working population there are two vulnerable groups: temporary agency workers and unemployed workers, since they have no workplace/employer to return to, when sick-listed. For this group there is a need for tailored RTW strategies and interventions. Therefore, this paper aims to describe the structured and stepwise process of development, implementation and evaluation of a theory- and practise-based participatory RTW program for temporary agency workers and unemployed workers, sick-listed due to musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). This program is based on the already developed and cost-effective RTW program for employees, sick-listed due to low back pain. Methods The Intervention Mapping (IM) protocol was used to develop a tailor-made RTW program for temporary agency workers and unemployed workers, sick-listed due to MSD. The Attitude-Social influence-self-Efficacy (ASE) model was used as a theoretical framework for determinants of behaviour regarding RTW of the sick-listed worker and development of the intervention. To ensure participation and facilitate successful adoption and implementation, important stakeholders were involved in all steps of program development and implementation. Results of semi-structured interviews and 'fine-tuning' meetings were used to design the final participatory RTW program. Results A structured stepwise RTW program was developed, aimed at making a consensus-based RTW implementation plan. The new program starts with identifying obstacles for RTW, followed by a brainstorm session in which the sick-listed worker and the labour expert of the Social Security Agency (SSA) formulate solutions/possibilities for suitable (therapeutic) work. This process is guided by an independent RTW coordinator to achieve consensus. Based on the resulting RTW implementation plan, to create an actual RTW perspective, a vocational rehabilitation agency is assigned to find a matching (therapeutic) workplace. The cost-effectiveness of this participatory RTW program will be evaluated in a randomised controlled trial. Conclusion IM is a promising tool for the development of tailor-made OHC interventions for the vulnerable working population. PMID:19573229

  18. Interaction of 〈1 0 0〉 dislocation loops with dislocations studied by dislocation dynamics in α-iron

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Shi, X. J.; Dupuy, L.; Devincre, B.; Terentyev, D.; Vincent, L.

    2015-05-01

    Interstitial dislocation loops with Burgers vector of 〈1 0 0〉 type are formed in α-iron under neutron or heavy ion irradiation. As the density and size of these loops increase with radiation dose and temperature, these defects are thought to play a key role in hardening and subsequent embrittlement of iron-based steels. The aim of the present work is to study the pinning strength of the loops on mobile dislocations. Prior to run massive Dislocation Dynamics (DD) simulations involving experimentally representative array of radiation defects and dislocations, the DD code and its parameterization are validated by comparing the individual loop-dislocation reactions with those obtained from direct atomistic Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. Several loop-dislocation reaction mechanisms are successfully reproduced as well as the values of the unpinning stress to detach mobile dislocations from the defects.

  19. A Solid State Chemistry Experiment: Dislocations in Etched Calcite by Polaroid Photomicrography

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Agnew, N. H.

    1972-01-01

    Suggests that adequate attention should be given to lattice imperfections in teaching solid state chemistry. Some concepts to be included in such a program are explained. An experiment to be performed by undergraduates on photomicrography is described in detail. (PS)

  20. Strength of Dislocation Junctions in FCC-monocrystals with a [\\overline{1}11] Deformation Axis

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kurinnaya, R. I.; Zgolich, M. V.; Starenchenko, V. A.

    2017-07-01

    The paper examines all dislocation reactions implemented in FCC-monocrystals with axis deformation oriented in the [\\overline{1}11] direction. It identifies the fracture stresses of dislocation junctions depending on intersection geometry of the reacting dislocation loop segments. Estimates are produced for the full spectrum of reacting forest dislocations. The paper presents the statistical data of the research performed and identifies the share of long strong dislocation junctions capable of limiting the zone of dislocation shift.

  1. Tailoring Superconductivity with Quantum Dislocations.

    PubMed

    Li, Mingda; Song, Qichen; Liu, Te-Huan; Meroueh, Laureen; Mahan, Gerald D; Dresselhaus, Mildred S; Chen, Gang

    2017-08-09

    Despite the established knowledge that crystal dislocations can affect a material's superconducting properties, the exact mechanism of the electron-dislocation interaction in a dislocated superconductor has long been missing. Being a type of defect, dislocations are expected to decrease a material's superconducting transition temperature (T c ) by breaking the coherence. Yet experimentally, even in isotropic type I superconductors, dislocations can either decrease, increase, or have little influence on T c . These experimental findings have yet to be understood. Although the anisotropic pairing in dirty superconductors has explained impurity-induced T c reduction, no quantitative agreement has been reached in the case a dislocation given its complexity. In this study, by generalizing the one-dimensional quantized dislocation field to three dimensions, we reveal that there are indeed two distinct types of electron-dislocation interactions. Besides the usual electron-dislocation potential scattering, there is another interaction driving an effective attraction between electrons that is caused by dislons, which are quantized modes of a dislocation. The role of dislocations to superconductivity is thus clarified as the competition between the classical and quantum effects, showing excellent agreement with existing experimental data. In particular, the existence of both classical and quantum effects provides a plausible explanation for the illusive origin of dislocation-induced superconductivity in semiconducting PbS/PbTe superlattice nanostructures. A quantitative criterion has been derived, in which a dislocated superconductor with low elastic moduli and small electron effective mass and in a confined environment is inclined to enhance T c . This provides a new pathway for engineering a material's superconducting properties by using dislocations as an additional degree of freedom.

  2. Management of return-to-work programs for workers with musculoskeletal disorders: a qualitative study in three Canadian provinces.

    PubMed

    Baril, R; Clarke, J; Friesen, M; Stock, S; Cole, D

    2003-12-01

    In this qualitative research project, researchers in three Canadian provinces explored the perceptions of many different actors involved in return-to-work (RTW) programs for injured workers, studying their views on successful RTW strategies and barriers to/facilitators of the RTW process, then analyzing the underlying dynamics driving their different experiences. Each research team recruited actors in a variety of different workplaces and key informants in the RTW system, and used a combination of in-depth, semi-structured interviews and focus groups to collect data, which were coded using an open coding system. Analysis took a social constructionist perspective. The roles and mandates of the different groups of actors (injured workers; other workplace actors; actors outside the workplace), while sometimes complementary, could also differ, leading to tension and conflict. Characteristics of injured workers described as influencing RTW success included personal and sociodemographic factors, beliefs and attitudes, and motivation. Human resources managers and health care professionals tended to attribute workers' motivation to their individual characteristics, whereas injured workers, worker representatives and health and safety managers described workplace culture and the degree to which workers' well-being was considered as having a strong influence on workers' motivation. Some supervisors experienced role conflict when responsible for both production quotas and RTW programs, but difficulties were alleviated by innovations such as consideration of RTW program responsibilities in the determination of production quotas and in performance evaluations. RTW program success seemed related to labor-management relations and top management commitment to Health and Safety. Non-workplace issues included confusion stemming from the compensation system itself, communication difficulties with some treating physicians, and role conflict on the part of physicians wishing to advocate for patients whose problems were non-compensable. Several common themes emerged from the experiences related by the wide range of actors including the importance of trust, respect, communication and labor relations in the failure or success of RTW programs for injured workers.

  3. On damping of screw dislocation bending vibrations in dissipative crystal: limiting cases

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dezhin, V. V.

    2018-03-01

    The expression for the generalized susceptibility of the dislocation obtained earlier was used. The electronic drag mechanism of dislocations is considered. The study of small dislocation oscillations was limited. The contribution of the attenuation of low-frequency bending screw dislocation vibrations to the overall coefficient of dynamic dislocation drag in the long-wave and short-wave limits is calculated. The damping of short-wave bending screw dislocation vibrations caused by an external action of an arbitrary frequency has been investigated. The contribution of long-wave bending screw dislocation vibrations damping in the total drag coefficient at an arbitrary frequency is found.

  4. Automated identification and indexing of dislocations in crystal interfaces

    DOE PAGES

    Stukowski, Alexander; Bulatov, Vasily V.; Arsenlis, Athanasios

    2012-10-31

    Here, we present a computational method for identifying partial and interfacial dislocations in atomistic models of crystals with defects. Our automated algorithm is based on a discrete Burgers circuit integral over the elastic displacement field and is not limited to specific lattices or dislocation types. Dislocations in grain boundaries and other interfaces are identified by mapping atomic bonds from the dislocated interface to an ideal template configuration of the coherent interface to reveal incompatible displacements induced by dislocations and to determine their Burgers vectors. Additionally, the algorithm generates a continuous line representation of each dislocation segment in the crystal andmore » also identifies dislocation junctions.« less

  5. Worker Education Program 1994-97. Final Evaluation Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Larson, Katherine E.

    An evaluation examined the efficacy of the program structure, implementation, and outcomes of the Worker Education Program (WEP), a partnership of Northeastern Illinois University; Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees; and 14 employers. WEP's greatest strengths were its conceptual design, program structures, relevant…

  6. A Promising Tool for Helping Vulnerable Workers? An Exploration of the Use of Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) to Help Low-Wage Workers on College Campuses

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hahn, Andrew B.

    2005-01-01

    Employee assistance programs, or EAPs, are an employee benefit designed to help workers meet their work and family needs. However, questions have been raised about the design, utilization, and scale of services that EAPs make possible for low-wage workers. This article explores whether on college campuses an EAP benefit can simultaneously meet the…

  7. Misfit dislocation patterns of Mg-Nb interfaces

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Chen, Youxing; Shao, Shuai; Liu, Xiang-Yang

    The role of heterogeneous interfaces in improving mechanical properties of polycrystalline aggregates and laminated composites has been well recognized with interface structure being of fundamental importance in designing composites containing multiple interfaces. In this paper, taking the Mg (hexagonal close-packed (hcp))/Nb (body-centered cubic (bcc)) interface as an example, we develop Mg-Nb interatomic potentials for predicting atomic configurations of Mg/Nb interfaces. We systematically characterize interface dislocations of Mg/Nb interfaces with Nishiyama-Wassermann (NW) and Kurdjumov-Sachs (KS) orientation relationships and propose a generalized procedure of characterizing interface structure by combining atomistic simulation and interface dislocation theory, which is applicable for not only hcp/bccmore » interfaces, but also other systems with complicated interface dislocation configurations.Here, in Mg/Nb, interface dislocation networks of two types of interfaces are significantly different although they originate from partial dislocations of similar character: the NW interface is composed of three sets of partial dislocations, while the KS interface is composed of four sets of interface dislocations - three sets of partial dislocations and one set of full dislocations that forms from the reaction of two close partial dislocations.« less

  8. Dislocation dynamics simulations of interactions between gliding dislocations and radiation induced prismatic loops in zirconium

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Drouet, Julie; Dupuy, Laurent; Onimus, Fabien; Mompiou, Frédéric; Perusin, Simon; Ambard, Antoine

    2014-06-01

    The mechanical behavior of Pressurized Water Reactor fuel cladding tubes made of zirconium alloys is strongly affected by neutron irradiation due to the high density of radiation induced dislocation loops. In order to investigate the interaction mechanisms between gliding dislocations and loops in zirconium, a new nodal dislocation dynamics code, adapted to Hexagonal Close Packed metals, has been used. Various configurations have been systematically computed considering different glide planes, basal or prismatic, and different characters, edge or screw, for gliding dislocations with -type Burgers vectors. Simulations show various interaction mechanisms such as (i) absorption of a loop on an edge dislocation leading to the formation of a double super-jog, (ii) creation of a helical turn, on a screw dislocation, that acts as a strong pinning point or (iii) sweeping of a loop by a gliding dislocation. It is shown that the clearing of loops is more favorable when the dislocation glides in the basal plane than in the prismatic plane explaining the easy dislocation channeling in the basal plane observed after neutron irradiation by transmission electron microscopy.

  9. Probing the character of ultra-fast dislocations

    DOE PAGES

    Rudd, R. E.; Ruestes, C. J.; Bringa, E. M.; ...

    2015-11-23

    Plasticity is often controlled by dislocation motion, which was first measured for low pressure, low strain rate conditions decades ago. However, many applications require knowledge of dislocation motion at high stress conditions where the data are sparse, and come from indirect measurements dominated by the effect of dislocation density rather than velocity. Here we make predictions based on atomistic simulations that form the basis for a new approach to measure dislocation velocities directly at extreme conditions using three steps: create prismatic dislocation loops in a near-surface region using nanoindentation, drive the dislocations with a shockwave, and use electron microscopy tomore » determine how far the dislocations moved and thus their velocity at extreme stress and strain rate conditions. We report on atomistic simulations of tantalum that make detailed predictions of dislocation flow, and find that the approach is feasible and can uncover an exciting range of phenomena, such as transonic dislocations and a novel form of loop stretching. Furthermore, the simulated configuration enables a new class of experiments to probe average dislocation velocity at very high applied shear stress.« less

  10. Three-dimensional formulation of dislocation climb

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gu, Yejun; Xiang, Yang; Quek, Siu Sin; Srolovitz, David J.

    2015-10-01

    We derive a Green's function formulation for the climb of curved dislocations and multiple dislocations in three-dimensions. In this new dislocation climb formulation, the dislocation climb velocity is determined from the Peach-Koehler force on dislocations through vacancy diffusion in a non-local manner. The long-range contribution to the dislocation climb velocity is associated with vacancy diffusion rather than from the climb component of the well-known, long-range elastic effects captured in the Peach-Koehler force. Both long-range effects are important in determining the climb velocity of dislocations. Analytical and numerical examples show that the widely used local climb formula, based on straight infinite dislocations, is not generally applicable, except for a small set of special cases. We also present a numerical discretization method of this Green's function formulation appropriate for implementation in discrete dislocation dynamics (DDD) simulations. In DDD implementations, the long-range Peach-Koehler force is calculated as is commonly done, then a linear system is solved for the climb velocity using these forces. This is also done within the same order of computational cost as existing discrete dislocation dynamics methods.

  11. Ultrasonic influence on evolution of disordered dislocation structures

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bachurin, D. V.; Murzaev, R. T.; Nazarov, A. A.

    2017-12-01

    Evolution of disordered dislocation structures under ultrasonic influence is studied in a model two-dimensional grain within the discrete-dislocation approach. Non-equilibrium grain boundary state is mimicked by a mesodefect located at the corners of the grain, stress field of which is described by that of a wedge junction disclination quadrupole. Significant rearrangement related to gliding of lattice dislocations towards the grain boundaries is found, which results in a noticeable reduction of internal stress fields and cancel of disclination quadrupole. The process of dislocation structure evolution passes through two stages: rapid and slow. The main dislocation rearrangement occurs during the first stage. Reduction of internal stress fields is associated with the number of dislocations entered into the grain boundaries. The change of misorientation angle due to lattice dislocations absorbed by the grain boundaries is evaluated. Amplitude of ultrasonic treatment significantly influences the relaxation of dislocation structure. Preliminary elastic relaxation of dislocation structure does not affect substantially the results of the following ultrasonic treatment. Substantial grain size dependence of relaxation of disordered dislocation systems is found. Simulation results are consistent with experimental data.

  12. An Appraisal of the Training Programmes for Social Education Workers in India

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ansari, N. A.

    1971-01-01

    A study of the India training programmes for social education workers at different levels was conducted to find out the relative success and impact of these programs on the worker. The study found that the programs were "good" and some suggestions for improvement are discussed. (RR/Author)

  13. 10 CFR 851.1 - Scope and purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... OF ENERGY WORKER SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM General Provisions § 851.1 Scope and purpose. (a) The worker safety and health requirements in this part govern the conduct of contractor activities at DOE sites. (b) This part establishes the: (1) Requirements for a worker safety and health program that...

  14. Co-Worker Involvement in Employment Programs for Persons with Mental Retardation.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    McNair, Jeff

    This paper reviews recent literature related to co-worker involvement in non-sheltered community-based employment programs for persons with mental retardation. Discussion of co-worker roles is categorized into six areas: training, associating, befriending, advocating, evaluating, and information giving. Also discussed are other variables…

  15. 20 CFR 726.6 - The Office of Workers' Compensation Programs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... FEDERAL COAL MINE HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT OF 1969, AS AMENDED BLACK LUNG BENEFITS; REQUIREMENTS FOR COAL... number of functions with respect to the regulation of both the self-insurance and commercial insurance... Coal Mine Workers' Compensation, Office of Workers' Compensation Programs, U.S. Department of Labor...

  16. Hydrogen diffusion in the elastic fields of dislocations in iron

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Sivak, A. B., E-mail: Sivak-AB@nrcki.ru; Sivak, P. A.; Romanov, V. A.

    2016-12-15

    The effect of dislocation stress fields on the sink efficiency thereof is studied for hydrogen interstitial atoms at temperatures of 293 and 600 K and at a dislocation density of 3 × 10{sup 14} m{sup –2} in bcc iron crystal. Rectilinear full screw and edge dislocations in basic slip systems 〈111〉(110), 〈111〉(112), 〈100〉(100), and 〈100〉(110) are considered. Diffusion of defects is simulated by means of the object kinetic Monte Carlo method. The energy of interaction between defects and dislocations is calculated using the anisotropic theory of elasticity. The elastic fields of dislocations result in a less than 25% change ofmore » the sink efficiency as compared to the noninteracting linear sink efficiency at a room temperature. The elastic fields of edge dislocations increase the dislocation sink efficiency, whereas the elastic fields of screw dislocations either decrease this parameter (in the case of dislocations with the Burgers vector being 1/2〈111〉) or do not affect it (in the case of dislocations with the Burgers vector being 〈100〉). At temperatures above 600 K, the dislocations affect the behavior of hydrogen in bcc iron mainly owing to a high binding energy between the hydrogen atom and dislocation cores.« less

  17. Initial dislocation structure and dynamic dislocation multiplication in Mo single crystals

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Hsiung, L M; Lassila, D H

    Initial dislocation structure in annealed high-purity Mo single crystals and deformation substructure in a crystal subjected to 1% compression have been examined and studied in order to investigate dislocation multiplication mechanisms in the early stages of plastic deformation. The initial dislocation density is in a range of 10{sup 6} {approx} 10{sup 7} cm{sup -2}, and the dislocation structure is found to contain many grown-in superjogs along dislocation lines. The dislocation density increases to a range of 10{sup 8} {approx} 10{sup 9} cm{sup -2}, and the average jog height is also found to increase after compressing for a total strain ofmore » 1%. It is proposed that the preexisting jogged screw dislocations can act as (multiple) dislocation multiplication sources when deformed under quasi-static conditions. Both the jog height and length of link segment (between jogs) can increase by stress-induced jog coalescence, which takes place via the lateral migration (drift) of superjogs driven by unbalanced line-tension partials acting on link segments of unequal lengths. Applied shear stress begins to push each link segment to precede dislocation multiplication when link length and jog height are greater than critical lengths. This dynamic dislocation multiplication source is subsequently verified by direct simulations of dislocation dynamics under stress to be crucial in the early stages of plastic deformation in Mo single crystals.« less

  18. Dislocation confinement in the growth of Na flux GaN on metalorganic chemical vapor deposition-GaN

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Takeuchi, S., E-mail: takeuchi@ee.es.osaka-u.ac.jp; Asazu, H.; Nakamura, Y.

    2015-12-28

    We have demonstrated a GaN growth technique in the Na flux method to confine c-, (a+c)-, and a-type dislocations around the interface between a Na flux GaN crystal and a GaN layer grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on a (0001) sapphire substrate. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) clearly revealed detailed interface structures and dislocation behaviors that reduced the density of vertically aligned dislocations threading to the Na flux GaN surface. Submicron-scale voids were formed at the interface above the dislocations with a c component in MOCVD-GaN, while no such voids were formed above the a-type dislocations. The penetration ofmore » the dislocations with a c component into Na flux GaN was, in most cases, effectively blocked by the presence of the voids. Although some dislocations with a c component in the MOCVD-GaN penetrated into the Na flux GaN, their propagation direction changed laterally through the voids. On the other hand, the a-type dislocations propagated laterally and collectively near the interface, when these dislocations in the MOCVD-GaN penetrated into the Na flux GaN. These results indicated that the dislocation propagation behavior was highly sensitive to the type of dislocation, but all types of dislocations were confined to within several micrometers region of the Na flux GaN from the interface. The cause of void formation, the role of voids in controlling the dislocation behavior, and the mechanism of lateral and collective dislocation propagation are discussed on the basis of TEM results.« less

  19. Dislocation density evolution in the process of high-temperature treatment and creep of EK-181 steel

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Vershinina, Tatyana, E-mail: vershinina@bsu.edu.ru

    2017-03-15

    X-ray diffraction has been used to study the dislocation structure in ferrite-martensite high-chromium steel EK-181 in the states after heat treatment and high-temperature creep. The influence of heat treatment and stress on evolution of lath martensite structure was investigated by and electron back-scattered diffraction. The effect of nitrogen content on the total dislocation density, fraction of edge and screw dislocation segments are analyzed. - Highlights: •Fraction of edge dislocation in quenched state depends on nitrogen concentration. •Nitrogen affects the character of dislocation structure evolution during annealing. •Edge dislocations fraction influences on dislocation density after aging and creep.

  20. Sex workers as peer health advocates: community empowerment and transformative learning through a Canadian pilot program.

    PubMed

    Benoit, Cecilia; Belle-Isle, Lynne; Smith, Michaela; Phillips, Rachel; Shumka, Leah; Atchison, Chris; Jansson, Mikael; Loppie, Charlotte; Flagg, Jackson

    2017-08-30

    Social marginalization and criminalization create health and safety risks for sex workers and reduce their access to health promotion and prevention services compared to the general population. Community empowerment-based interventions that prioritize the engagement of sex workers show promising results. Peer-to-peer interventions, wherein sex workers act as educators of their colleagues, managers, clients and romantic partners, foster community mobilization and critical consciousness among sex workers and equip them to exercise agency in their work and personal lives. A pilot peer health education program was developed and implemented, with and for sex workers in one urban centre in Canada. To explore how the training program contributed to community empowerment and transformative learning among participants, the authors conducted qualitative interviews, asked participants to keep personal journals and to fill out feedback forms after each session. Thematic analysis was conducted on these three data sources, with emerging themes identified, organized and presented in the findings. Five themes emerged from the analysis. Our findings show that the pilot program led to reduced internalized stigma and increased self-esteem in participants. Participants' critical consciousness increased concerning issues of diversity in cultural background, sexual orientation, work experiences and gender identity. Participants gained knowledge about how sex work stigma is enacted and perpetuated. They also became increasingly comfortable challenging negative judgments from others, including frontline service providers. Participants were encouraged to actively shape the training program, which fostered positive relationships and solidarity among them, as well as with colleagues in their social network and with the local sex worker organization housing the program. Resources were also mobilized within the sex worker community through skills building and knowledge acquisition. The peer education program proved successful in enhancing sex workers' community empowerment in one urban setting by increasing their knowledge about health issues, sharing information about and building confidence in accessing services, and expanding capacity to disseminate this knowledge to others. This 'proof of concept' built the foundation for a long-term initiative in this setting and has promise for other jurisdictions wishing to adapt similar programs.

  1. 14 CFR 314.11 - Applications.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Applications. 314.11 Section 314.11... REGULATIONS EMPLOYEE PROTECTION PROGRAM Determination of Qualifying Dislocation § 314.11 Applications. (a) Who may file. An application may be filed by an employee who has been deprived of employment or adversely...

  2. Supersonic Dislocation Bursts in Silicon

    DOE PAGES

    Hahn, E. N.; Zhao, S.; Bringa, E. M.; ...

    2016-06-06

    Dislocations are the primary agents of permanent deformation in crystalline solids. Since the theoretical prediction of supersonic dislocations over half a century ago, there is a dearth of experimental evidence supporting their existence. Here we use non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of shocked silicon to reveal transient supersonic partial dislocation motion at approximately 15 km/s, faster than any previous in-silico observation. Homogeneous dislocation nucleation occurs near the shock front and supersonic dislocation motion lasts just fractions of picoseconds before the dislocations catch the shock front and decelerate back to the elastic wave speed. Applying a modified analytical equation for dislocation evolutionmore » we successfully predict a dislocation density of 1.5 x 10(12) cm(-2) within the shocked volume, in agreement with the present simulations and realistic in regards to prior and on-going recovery experiments in silicon.« less

  3. Supersonic Dislocation Bursts in Silicon

    PubMed Central

    Hahn, E. N.; Zhao, S.; Bringa, E. M.; Meyers, M. A.

    2016-01-01

    Dislocations are the primary agents of permanent deformation in crystalline solids. Since the theoretical prediction of supersonic dislocations over half a century ago, there is a dearth of experimental evidence supporting their existence. Here we use non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of shocked silicon to reveal transient supersonic partial dislocation motion at approximately 15 km/s, faster than any previous in-silico observation. Homogeneous dislocation nucleation occurs near the shock front and supersonic dislocation motion lasts just fractions of picoseconds before the dislocations catch the shock front and decelerate back to the elastic wave speed. Applying a modified analytical equation for dislocation evolution we successfully predict a dislocation density of 1.5 × 1012 cm−2 within the shocked volume, in agreement with the present simulations and realistic in regards to prior and on-going recovery experiments in silicon. PMID:27264746

  4. Supersonic Dislocation Bursts in Silicon

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Hahn, E. N.; Zhao, S.; Bringa, E. M.

    Dislocations are the primary agents of permanent deformation in crystalline solids. Since the theoretical prediction of supersonic dislocations over half a century ago, there is a dearth of experimental evidence supporting their existence. Here we use non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of shocked silicon to reveal transient supersonic partial dislocation motion at approximately 15 km/s, faster than any previous in-silico observation. Homogeneous dislocation nucleation occurs near the shock front and supersonic dislocation motion lasts just fractions of picoseconds before the dislocations catch the shock front and decelerate back to the elastic wave speed. Applying a modified analytical equation for dislocation evolutionmore » we successfully predict a dislocation density of 1.5 x 10(12) cm(-2) within the shocked volume, in agreement with the present simulations and realistic in regards to prior and on-going recovery experiments in silicon.« less

  5. Atomistic calculations of dislocation core energy in aluminium

    DOE PAGES

    Zhou, X. W.; Sills, R. B.; Ward, D. K.; ...

    2017-02-16

    A robust molecular dynamics simulation method for calculating dislocation core energies has been developed. This method has unique advantages: it does not require artificial boundary conditions, is applicable for mixed dislocations, and can yield highly converged results regardless of the atomistic system size. Utilizing a high-fidelity bond order potential, we have applied this method in aluminium to calculate the dislocation core energy as a function of the angle β between the dislocation line and Burgers vector. These calculations show that, for the face-centred-cubic aluminium explored, the dislocation core energy follows the same functional dependence on β as the dislocation elasticmore » energy: Ec = A·sin 2β + B·cos 2β, and this dependence is independent of temperature between 100 and 300 K. By further analysing the energetics of an extended dislocation core, we elucidate the relationship between the core energy and radius of a perfect versus extended dislocation. With our methodology, the dislocation core energy can be accurately accounted for in models of plastic deformation.« less

  6. Atomistic calculations of dislocation core energy in aluminium

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Zhou, X. W.; Sills, R. B.; Ward, D. K.

    A robust molecular dynamics simulation method for calculating dislocation core energies has been developed. This method has unique advantages: it does not require artificial boundary conditions, is applicable for mixed dislocations, and can yield highly converged results regardless of the atomistic system size. Utilizing a high-fidelity bond order potential, we have applied this method in aluminium to calculate the dislocation core energy as a function of the angle β between the dislocation line and Burgers vector. These calculations show that, for the face-centred-cubic aluminium explored, the dislocation core energy follows the same functional dependence on β as the dislocation elasticmore » energy: Ec = A·sin 2β + B·cos 2β, and this dependence is independent of temperature between 100 and 300 K. By further analysing the energetics of an extended dislocation core, we elucidate the relationship between the core energy and radius of a perfect versus extended dislocation. With our methodology, the dislocation core energy can be accurately accounted for in models of plastic deformation.« less

  7. HIV, sex work, and civil society in China.

    PubMed

    Kaufman, Joan

    2011-12-01

    Harm reduction programs for sex workers have been hampered by the prioritization of law enforcement over AIDS prevention. For example, the April 2010 "strike-hard" campaign against prostitution in Beijing, during which bars, nightclubs, saunas, and karaoke bars were raided, created an atmosphere that critically impeded human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) outreach activities for sex workers. In China, criminalization has limited the growth of a coherent and cohesive set of nongovernmental organization (NGO) actors working with sex workers to prevent HIV infection. Compared with other risk groups for HIV sexual transmission, such as men who have sex with men, the NGO community for sex workers is fragmented and poorly coordinated with government efforts, and basic rights for sex workers are often violated. This article examines civil society groups working on AIDS prevention and care for female sex workers in China and reviews constraints to their operations. China's HIV prevention programs for sex workers are compared with sex worker HIV prevention in other Asian states where more well-developed NGOs exist and criminalization has been better balanced with harm reduction approaches, and recommendations are offered on improving China's policies and programs.

  8. Management of traumatic patellar dislocation in a regional hospital in Hong Kong.

    PubMed

    Lee, H L; Yau, W P

    2017-04-01

    The role of surgery for acute patellar dislocation without osteochondral fracture is controversial. The aim of this study was to report the short-term results of management of patellar dislocation in our institute. Patients who were seen in our institution with patella dislocation from January 2011 to April 2014 were managed according to a standardised management algorithm. Pretreatment and 1-year post-treatment International Knee Documentation Committee score, Tegner activity level scale score, and presence of apprehension sign were analysed. A total of 41 patients were studied of whom 20 were first-time dislocators and 21 were recurrent dislocators. Among the first-time dislocators, there was a significant difference between patients who received conservative treatment versus surgical management. The conservative treatment group had a 33% recurrent dislocation rate, whereas there were no recurrent dislocations in the surgery group. There was no difference in Tegner activity level scale score or apprehension sign before and 1 year after treatment, however. Among the recurrent dislocators, there was a significant difference between those who received conservative treatment and those who underwent surgery. The recurrent dislocation rate was 71% in the conservative treatment group versus 0% in the surgery group. There was also significant improvement in International Knee Documentation Committee score from 67.7 to 80.0 (P=0.02), and of apprehension sign from 62% to 0% (P<0.01). A management algorithm for patellar dislocation is described. Surgery is preferable to conservative treatment in patients who have recurrent patellar dislocation, and may also be preferable for those who have an acute dislocation.

  9. Quantitative analysis of defects in silicon. Silicon sheet growth development for the large are silicon sheet task of the low-cost solar array project

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Natesh, R.; Smith, J. M.; Bruce, T.; Oidwai, H. A.

    1980-01-01

    One hundred and seventy four silicon sheet samples were analyzed for twin boundary density, dislocation pit density, and grain boundary length. Procedures were developed for the quantitative analysis of the twin boundary and dislocation pit densities using a QTM-720 Quantitative Image Analyzing system. The QTM-720 system was upgraded with the addition of a PDP 11/03 mini-computer with dual floppy disc drive, a digital equipment writer high speed printer, and a field-image feature interface module. Three versions of a computer program that controls the data acquisition and analysis on the QTM-720 were written. Procedures for the chemical polishing and etching were also developed.

  10. "Doing the heavy lifting: health care workers take back their backs".

    PubMed

    Morse, Tim; Fekieta, Renee; Rubenstein, Harriet; Warren, Nick; Alexander, Darryl; Wawzyniecki, Patricia

    2008-01-01

    Health care workers have the highest musculoskeletal disorder prevalence and incidence of any occupational/industry group, and patient handling tasks are so biomechanically demanding that they cannot be made safe through the commonly used, technique-oriented methods such as "back school" training programs. Although there is standard-setting activity for "no-lift" programs in some states, there is still no federal standard. Health care worker unions and nurses' associations have begun to take action through training members in equipment need, use, and acceptance in programs to encourage adoption of no-lifting programs. Acceptance of lifting equipment is increasing due to recognition of the high human and economic costs of MSD, consistent documentation of cost savings from no-lift programs, major improvements in lifting equipment, and shortages of health care staff. An action-oriented training program for health care workers is described that provides knowledge about the 1) Scope of the current problem of back injuries in health care, 2) Costs of injuries, both to workers and to the hospital, 3) Elements of a safe patient-handling program, and 4) Success stories. The program also builds skills through: 1) Hands-on experience with safe lifting equipment, and 2) Assessing organizational and union readiness and planning for action at the workplace.

  11. Efficacy of work-based training for direct care workers in assisted living.

    PubMed

    White, Diana L; Cadiz, David M

    2013-01-01

    This article reports on the efficacy of a work-based learning program for direct care workers in assisted living. The program goal was to improve skills and facilitate career development. The training program had positive impacts at both individual and organizational levels. Survey data found that workers felt more competent and self-confident about their abilities to work with residents. Furthermore, increasing satisfaction with the training program over time led to greater job satisfaction and a desire for additional education. Organizations have better outcomes when workers are well trained, feel empowered, and are satisfied with their work. Policy implications for assisted living settings and meeting the growing demand for a competent direct care workforce are discussed.

  12. Evaluation of a pilot promotora program for Latino forest workers in southern Oregon.

    PubMed

    Bush, Diane E; Wilmsen, Carl; Sasaki, Timothy; Barton-Antonio, Dinorah; Steege, Andrea L; Chang, Charlotte

    2014-07-01

    Forest work, an occupation with some of the highest injury and illness rates, is conducted primarily by Latino immigrant workers. This study evaluates a pilot program where promotoras (lay community health educators) provided occupational health and safety trainings for Latino forest workers. Evaluation methods included a focus group, post-tests, and qualitative feedback. Community capacity to address working conditions increased through (i) increased leadership and community access to information and resources; and (ii) increased worker awareness of workplace health and safety rights and resources. Fear of retaliation remains a barrier to workers taking action; nevertheless, the promotoras supported several workers in addressing-specific workplace issues. For working conditions to significantly improve, major structural influences need to be addressed. A long-term, organizationally supported promotora program can play a key role in linking and supporting change at the individual, interpersonal and community levels, contributing to and supporting structural change. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  13. Dislocations

    MedlinePlus

    ... or a blow, sometimes from playing a contact sport. You can dislocate your ankles, knees, shoulders, hips, ... to dislocate it again. Wearing protective gear during sports may help prevent dislocations.

  14. Development of a safety communication and recognition program for construction.

    PubMed

    Sparer, Emily H; Herrick, Robert F; Dennerlein, Jack T

    2015-05-01

    Leading-indicator-based (e.g., hazard recognition) incentive programs provide an alternative to controversial lagging-indicator-based (e.g., injury rates) programs. We designed a leading-indicator-based safety communication and recognition program that incentivized safe working conditions. The program was piloted for two months on a commercial construction worksite and then redesigned using qualitative interview and focus group data from management and workers. We then ran the redesigned program for six months on the same worksite. Foremen received detailed weekly feedback from safety inspections, and posters displayed worksite and subcontractor safety scores. In the final program design, the whole site, not individual subcontractors, was the unit of analysis and recognition. This received high levels of acceptance from workers, who noted increased levels of site unity and team-building. This pilot program showed that construction workers value solidarity with others on site, demonstrating the importance of health and safety programs that engage all workers through a reliable and consistent communication infrastructure. © The Author(s) 2015 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav.

  15. Older Workers and Federal Work Programs: The Korean Senior Employment Program (KSEP).

    PubMed

    Choi, Eunhee

    2016-01-01

    Federal older worker programs are attracting attention due to the growing number of older workers across the world. They are uniquely situated to provide out-of-market work opportunities to older job seekers, who often find their age a barrier to securing desirable jobs. In 2004, the Korean government established its own program, the Korean Senior Employment Program (KSEP); however, literature for international readers on this innovative program is lacking. Thus, this article aims to provide an in-depth description of KSEP and a brief comparison between the Senior Community Service Employment Program in the U.S. and KSEP. The unique characteristics of KSEP include having the dual program foci on supplemental income and social participation; expanding work opportunities in the private sector beyond community-based jobs; accepting participants who are financially disadvantaged as well as those with a high desire for social participation regardless of their income; and broadening work opportunities for those with professional skills beyond repetitive, simple, and temporary jobs. This article may offer helpful insights to older worker advocates from various countries in creating or modifying their programs.

  16. Glide dislocation nucleation from dislocation nodes at semi-coherent {111} Cu–Ni interfaces

    DOE PAGES

    Shao, Shuai; Wang, Jian; Beyerlein, Irene J.; ...

    2015-07-23

    Using atomistic simulations and dislocation theory on a model system of semi-coherent {1 1 1} interfaces, we show that misfit dislocation nodes adopt multiple atomic arrangements corresponding to the creation and redistribution of excess volume at the nodes. We identified four distinctive node structures: volume-smeared nodes with (i) spiral or (ii) straight dislocation patterns, and volume-condensed nodes with (iii) triangular or (iv) hexagonal dislocation patterns. Volume-smeared nodes contain interfacial dislocations lying in the Cu–Ni interface but volume-condensed nodes contain two sets of interfacial dislocations in the two adjacent interfaces and jogs across the atomic layer between the two adjacent interfaces.more » Finally, under biaxial tension/compression applied parallel to the interface, we show that the nucleation of lattice dislocations is preferred at the nodes and is correlated with the reduction of excess volume at the nodes.« less

  17. The effect of isolated dislocations on substrate and device properties in low-dislocation czochralski GaAs

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hunter, A. T.; Kimura, H.; Olsen, H. M.; Winston, H. V.

    1986-07-01

    Czochralski GaAs grown with In incorporated into the melt has large regions with fewer than 100 cm-2 dislocations. We have examined the effect of these dislocations on substrate and device properties. Infrared transmission images reveal dark filaments of high EL2 concentration a few tens of microns in diameter surrounding dislocations, Cathodo and photoluminescence images show orders of magnitude contrast in band-edge luminescence intensity near dislocations. Single dislocations appear to be surrounded by bright rings ˜200 μm in diameter in luminescence images, with dark spots 50 to 75 μm across centered on the dislocation. More complex luminescence structures with larger dark regions (˜150 μ across) and central bright spots are centered on small dislocation clusters. Differences in lifetime of photogenerated electrons or holes are the most likely cause of the luminescence contrast. Anneals typical of our post-implant processing substantially lower the luminescence contrast, suggesting the defect lowering the lifetime is removed by annealing. This may partially explain why we do not observe any effect of dislocation proximity on the properties of devices made in the material, in spite of the enormous luminescence contrast observed near dislocations.

  18. Nonplanar core structure of the screw dislocations in tantalum from the improved Peierls-Nabarro theory

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hu, Xiangsheng; Wang, Shaofeng

    2018-02-01

    The extended structure of ? screw dislocation in Ta has been studied theoretically using the improved Peierls-Nabarro model combined with the first principles calculation. An instructive way to derive the fundamental equation for dislocations with the nonplanar structure is presented. The full ?-surface of ? plane in tantalum is evaluated from the first principles. In order to compare the energy of the screw dislocation with different structures, the structure parameter is introduced to describe the core configuration. Each kind of screw dislocation is described by an overall-shape component and a core component. Far from the dislocation centre, the asymptotic behaviour of dislocation is uniquely controlled by the overall-shape component. Near the dislocation centre, the structure detail is described by the core component. The dislocation energy is explicitly plotted as a function of the core parameter for the nonplanar dislocation as well as for the planar dislocation. It is found that in the physical regime of the core parameter, the sixfold nonplanar structure always has the lowest energy. Our result clearly confirms that the sixfold nonplanar structure is the most stable. Furthermore, the pressure effect on the dislocation structure is explored up to 100 GPa. The stability of the sixfold nonplanar structure is not changed by the applied pressure. The equilibrium structure and the related stress field are calculated, and a possible mechanism of the dislocation movement is discussed briefly based on the structure deformation caused by the external stress.

  19. Estimation of dislocations density and distribution of dislocations during ECAP-Conform process

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Derakhshan, Jaber Fakhimi; Parsa, Mohammad Habibi; Ayati, Vahid; Jafarian, Hamidreza

    2018-01-01

    Dislocation density of coarse grain aluminum AA1100 alloy (140 µm) that was severely deformed by Equal Channel Angular Pressing-Conform (ECAP-Conform) are studied at various stages of the process by electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) method. The geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) density and statistically stored dislocations (SSDs) densities were estimate. Then the total dislocations densities are calculated and the dislocation distributions are presented as the contour maps. Estimated average dislocations density for annealed of about 2×1012 m-2 increases to 4×1013 m-2 at the middle of the groove (135° from the entrance), and they reach to 6.4×1013 m-2 at the end of groove just before ECAP region. Calculated average dislocations density for one pass severely deformed Al sample reached to 6.2×1014 m-2. At micrometer scale the behavior of metals especially mechanical properties largely depend on the dislocation density and dislocation distribution. So, yield stresses at different conditions were estimated based on the calculated dislocation densities. Then estimated yield stresses were compared with experimental results and good agreements were found. Although grain size of material did not clearly change, yield stress shown intensive increase due to the development of cell structure. A considerable increase in dislocations density in this process is a good justification for forming subgrains and cell structures during process which it can be reason of increasing in yield stress.

  20. [New varieties of lateral metatarsophalangeal dislocations of the great toe].

    PubMed

    Bousselmame, N; Rachid, K; Lazrak, K; Galuia, F; Taobane, H; Moulay, I

    2001-04-01

    We report seven cases of traumatic dislocation of the great toe, detailing the anatomy, the mechanism of injury and the radiographic diagnosis. We propose an additional classification based on three hereto unreported cases. Between october 1994 and october 1997, we treated seven patients with traumatic dislocation of the first metatarso-phalangeal joint of the great toe. There were six men and one woman, mean age 35 years (range 24 - 44 years). Dislocation was caused by motor vehicle accidents in four cases and by falls in three. Diagnosis was made on anteroposterior, lateral and medial oblique radiographs. According to Jahss' classification, there was one type I and three type IIB dislocations. There was also one open lateral dislocation and two dorsomedial dislocations. Only these dorsomedial dislocations required open reduction, done via a dorsal approach. Mean follow-up was 17.5 months (range 9 - 24 months) in six cases. One patient was lost to follow-up. The outcome was good in six cases and poor in one (dorsomedial dislocation). Dislocation of the first metatarso-phalangeal joint of the great toe is an uncommon injury. In 1980, Jahss reported two cases and reviewed three others described in the literature. He proposed three types of dislocation based on the feasibility of closed reduction (type I, II and IIB). In 1991, Copeland and Kanat reported a unique case in which there was an association of IIA and IIB lesions. They proposed an addition to the classification (type IIC). In 1994, Garcia Mata et al. reported another case which had not been described by Jahss and proposed another addition. All dislocations reported to date have been sagittal dislocations. Pathological alteration of the collateral ligaments has not been previously reported. In our experience, we have seen one case of open lateral dislocation due, at surgical exploration, to medial ligament rupture and two cases of dorsomedial dislocation due, at surgical exploration, to lateral ligament rupture. We propose another additional classification with pure lateral dislocation (type III) and dorso-lateral dislocation (type IL or IIL+), which are related to the formerly described variants.

  1. The Connection between Employee Basic Skills & Productivity. Workforce & Workplace Literacy Series.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    BCEL Brief, 1993

    1993-01-01

    The experience of a number of specific local workplace programs indicates a definite connection between the provision of employee basic skills programs and increased worker productivity. One Tennessee company, for example, reports a 95 percent drop in costs resulting from worker mistakes and a doubling of worker productivity since the company…

  2. Training of Older Workers in Belgium. Training Discussion Paper No. 37.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gruloos, Jacques

    Resulting from one of the International Labour Office's explorations of the training needs of older workers in industrialized countries, this document states that there are no Belgian training or retraining programs for older workers, although general education and retirement education programs do exist. The Christian Union for Pensioners and the…

  3. From Bus Stop to Farm Village: The Farm Worker Programme in Zimbabwe.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Auret, Diana

    This book documents the history, successes, and failures of Save the Children's farmworker program in Zimbabwe, 1981-98. The report explores workers' past and present living and working conditions on commercial farms and describes how the program promoted a progression from workers with a migrant mentality to the building of functional…

  4. The Cafeteria Workers' Skills Enhancement Training Program. Performance Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Burt, Miriam

    A program was conducted by the Food and Beverage Workers Union in Washington, D.C., to provide workplace literacy classes for food service workers in the city's government agencies, universities, and museums. A curriculum for workplace literacy skills was developed, sites were selected, and students were recruited. From a target audience of…

  5. How EPA Protects Workers from Pesticide Risk

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    EPA protects workers from pesticide risk through the risk assessment and risk management processes, as well as via specific worker safety programs such as the worker protection standard and other initiatives.

  6. U.S. Department of Energy, Illness and Injury Surveillance Program, Worker Health Summary, 1995-2004

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Health, Safety and Security, Office of Illness and Injury Prevention Programs

    The Department of Energy’s (DOE) Illness and Injury Surveillance Program has created an opportunity to assess illness and injury rates and patterns among workers at participating sites for well over a decade. The Worker Health Summary introduces an additional perspective on worker health with the introduction of analyses comparing the experience of sites in different program offices and a focus on time trends covering a decade of worker illness and injury experience. These analyses by program office suggest that illness and injury patterns among National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) workers diverge in many ways from those seen among Environmental Managementmore » (EM) and Science workers for reasons not yet understood. These differences will receive further investigation in future special focus studies, as will other findings of interest. With the time depth now available in our data, the Worker Health Summary reveals an additional nuance in worker health trends: changing health patterns in a specialized and skilled but aging work force. Older workers are becoming an increasing percentage of the work force, and their absence rates for diseases such as diabetes and hypertension are increasing as well. The impact of these emerging health issues, if properly addressed, can be managed to maintain or even enhance worker health and productivity. Prevention strategies designed to reduce the toll of these health conditions appear warranted, and this report gives us an indication of where to focus them. The analyses that follow reflect the Illness and Injury Surveillance Program’s continued commitment to apply a public health perspective in protecting the health of DOE’s work force.« less

  7. Work-related injuries in minors.

    PubMed

    Schober, S E; Handke, J L; Halperin, W E; Moll, M B; Thun, M J

    1988-01-01

    Since 1938, federal child labor laws have restricted employment of persons under 18 years old, in part to protect them from hazardous occupations. Workers' compensation claims reported to the Supplementary Data System of the Bureau of Labor Statistics were examined to define the current status of occupational injuries among minors. Data tapes from 1980 to 1983 were searched to identify all current claims for injuries and illnesses occurring in 1980 in persons under age 18. Injury rates were calculated using information about employment in 1979 available from the 1980 census. In the 24 states included in this study, 23,823 claims were reported for persons less than 18 years old. Of these claims, approximately 10% were from persons under age 16. Rates of injuries in 16- and 17 year olds were 12.6 per 100 full-time male workers and 6.6 per 100 full-time female workers. Serious injuries included fractures, dislocations, and amputations, accounting for 5.8%, 0.7%, and 0.6% of cases, respectively. California, the only state that coded whether injuries resulted in fatalities, reported 12 deaths in this age group. Machines and vehicles, many of which are restricted under child labor laws, accounted for 8.3% and 5.8% of claims. These data suggest that persons under age 18 years are not adequately protected from occupational injury. Further attention and, possibly, new preventive strategies are needed.

  8. JPRS Report, Science & Technology, China: Energy

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-04-05

    million tons. In 1985, nine Huaneng power companies were also set up, to trans- form oil-burning machinery to conserve fuel oil and to develop ...resettlement into a single socioeconomic system and bring the dislocated people into that system’s social, economic and cultural develop - ment program ...state’s original program , the overall cost for development of the three large strip mines in eastern Inner Mongolia was to be 195 million yuan

  9. Flu Surveillance: Department of Health

    Science.gov Websites

    Worker Flu Vaccination Rates Programs Acute Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Center for Immunization Surviellance Healthcare Worker Flu Vaccination Rates Programs Acute Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Center for

  10. Quantifying the effect of hydrogen on dislocation dynamics: A three-dimensional discrete dislocation dynamics framework

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gu, Yejun; El-Awady, Jaafar A.

    2018-03-01

    We present a new framework to quantify the effect of hydrogen on dislocations using large scale three-dimensional (3D) discrete dislocation dynamics (DDD) simulations. In this model, the first order elastic interaction energy associated with the hydrogen-induced volume change is accounted for. The three-dimensional stress tensor induced by hydrogen concentration, which is in equilibrium with respect to the dislocation stress field, is derived using the Eshelby inclusion model, while the hydrogen bulk diffusion is treated as a continuum process. This newly developed framework is utilized to quantify the effect of different hydrogen concentrations on the dynamics of a glide dislocation in the absence of an applied stress field as well as on the spacing between dislocations in an array of parallel edge dislocations. A shielding effect is observed for materials having a large hydrogen diffusion coefficient, with the shield effect leading to the homogenization of the shrinkage process leading to the glide loop maintaining its circular shape, as well as resulting in a decrease in dislocation separation distances in the array of parallel edge dislocations. On the other hand, for materials having a small hydrogen diffusion coefficient, the high hydrogen concentrations around the edge characters of the dislocations act to pin them. Higher stresses are required to be able to unpin the dislocations from the hydrogen clouds surrounding them. Finally, this new framework can open the door for further large scale studies on the effect of hydrogen on the different aspects of dislocation-mediated plasticity in metals. With minor modifications of the current formulations, the framework can also be extended to account for general inclusion-induced stress field in discrete dislocation dynamics simulations.

  11. Dislocation-induced stress in polycrystalline materials: mesoscopic simulations in the dislocation density formalism

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Berkov, D. V.; Gorn, N. L.

    2018-06-01

    In this paper we present a simple and effective numerical method which allows a fast Fourier transformation-based evaluation of stress generated by dislocations with arbitrary directions and Burgers vectors if the (site-dependent) dislocation density is known. Our method allows the evaluation of the dislocation stress using a rectangular grid with shape-anisotropic discretization cells without employing higher multipole moments of the dislocation interaction coefficients. Using the proposed method, we first simulate the stress created by relatively simple non-homogeneous distributions of vertical edge and so-called ‘mixed’ dislocations in a disk-shaped sample, which is necessary to understand the dislocation behavior in more complicated systems. The main part of our research is devoted to the stress distribution in polycrystalline layers with the dislocation density rapidly varying with the distance to the layer bottom. Considering GaN as a typical example of such systems, we investigate dislocation-induced stress for edge and mixed dislocations, having random orientations of Burgers vectors among crystal grains. We show that the rapid decay of the dislocation density leads to many highly non-trivial features of the stress distributions in such layers and study in detail the dependence of these features on the average grain size. Finally we develop an analytical approach which allows us to predict the evolution of the stress variance with the grain size and compare analytical predictions with numerical results.

  12. Dislocation pinning effects induced by nano-precipitates during warm laser shock peening: Dislocation dynamic simulation and experiments

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Liao, Yiliang; Ye, Chang; Gao, Huang; Kim, Bong-Joong; Suslov, Sergey; Stach, Eric A.; Cheng, Gary J.

    2011-07-01

    Warm laser shock peening (WLSP) is a new high strain rate surface strengthening process that has been demonstrated to significantly improve the fatigue performance of metallic components. This improvement is mainly due to the interaction of dislocations with highly dense nanoscale precipitates, which are generated by dynamic precipitation during the WLSP process. In this paper, the dislocation pinning effects induced by the nanoscale precipitates during WLSP are systematically studied. Aluminum alloy 6061 and AISI 4140 steel are selected as the materials with which to conduct WLSP experiments. Multiscale discrete dislocation dynamics (MDDD) simulation is conducted in order to investigate the interaction of dislocations and precipitates during the shock wave propagation. The evolution of dislocation structures during the shock wave propagation is studied. The dislocation structures after WLSP are characterized via transmission electron microscopy and are compared with the results of the MDDD simulation. The results show that nano-precipitates facilitate the generation of highly dense and uniformly distributed dislocation structures. The dislocation pinning effect is strongly affected by the density, size, and space distribution of nano-precipitates.

  13. The decriminalization of prostitution is associated with better coverage of health promotion programs for sex workers.

    PubMed

    Harcourt, Christine; O'Connor, Jody; Egger, Sandra; Fairley, Christopher K; Wand, Handan; Chen, Marcus Y; Marshall, Lewis; Kaldor, John M; Donovan, Basil

    2010-10-01

    In order to assess whether the law has an impact on the delivery of health promotion services to sex workers, we compared health promotion programs in three Australian cities with different prostitution laws. The cities were Melbourne (brothels legalized if licensed, unlicensed brothels criminalized), Perth (criminalization of all forms of sex work) and Sydney (sex work largely decriminalized, without licensing). We interviewed key informants and gave questionnaires to representative samples of female sex workers in urban brothels. Despite the different laws, each city had a thriving and diverse sex industry and a government-funded sex worker health promotion program with shopfront, phone, online and outreach facilities. The Sydney program was the only one run by a community-based organisation and the only program employing multi-lingual staff with evening outreach to all brothels. The Melbourne program did not service the unlicensed sector, while the Perth program accessed the minority of brothels by invitation only. More Sydney workers reported a sexual health centre as a source of safer sex training and information (Sydney 52% v Melbourne 33% and Perth 35%; p<0.001). Sex workers in Melbourne's licensed brothels were the most likely to have access to free condoms (Melbourne 88%, Sydney 39%, Perth 12%; p<0.001). The legal context appeared to affect the conduct of health promotion programs targeting the sex industry. Brothel licensing and police-controlled illegal brothels can result in the unlicensed sector being isolated from peer-education and support. © 2010 The Authors. Journal Compilation © 2010 Public Health Association of Australia.

  14. Mentoring the Next Generation of Social Workers in Palliative and End-of-Life Care: The Zelda Foster Studies Program.

    PubMed

    Gardner, Daniel S; Gerbino, Susan; Walls, Jocelyn Warner; Chachkes, Esther; Doherty, Meredith J

    2015-01-01

    As Americans live longer with chronic illnesses, there is a growing need for social workers with the knowledge and skills to deliver quality palliative care to older adults and their families. Nevertheless, there remains a critical shortage of social workers prepared to provide quality palliative and end-of-life care (PELC) and to maintain the field into the next generation. Formal mentorship programs represent an innovative approach to enhancing practice, providing support and guidance, and promoting social work leadership in the field. This article reviews the literature on mentorship as an approach to professional and leadership development for emerging social workers in PELC. The Zelda Foster Studies Program in Palliative and End-of-Life Care bolsters competencies and mentors social workers in PELC over the trajectory of their careers, and enhances the capacity in the field. Findings from the first six years of two components of the ZF Program are examined to illustrate the feasibility, benefits, and challenges of formal mentorship programs. The authors describe the background, structure, and evaluation of the initiative's mentorship programs, and discuss the implications of mentorship in PELC for social work education, practice, and research.

  15. “Conjugate Channeling” Effect in Dislocation Core Diffusion: Carbon Transport in Dislocated BCC Iron

    PubMed Central

    Ishii, Akio; Li, Ju; Ogata, Shigenobu

    2013-01-01

    Dislocation pipe diffusion seems to be a well-established phenomenon. Here we demonstrate an unexpected effect, that the migration of interstitials such as carbon in iron may be accelerated not in the dislocation line direction , but in a conjugate diffusion direction. This accelerated random walk arises from a simple crystallographic channeling effect. is a function of the Burgers vector b, but not , thus a dislocation loop possesses the same everywhere. Using molecular dynamics and accelerated dynamics simulations, we further show that such dislocation-core-coupled carbon diffusion in iron has temperature-dependent activation enthalpy like a fragile glass. The 71° mixed dislocation is the only case in which we see straightforward pipe diffusion that does not depend on dislocation mobility. PMID:23593255

  16. "Conjugate channeling" effect in dislocation core diffusion: carbon transport in dislocated BCC iron.

    PubMed

    Ishii, Akio; Li, Ju; Ogata, Shigenobu

    2013-01-01

    Dislocation pipe diffusion seems to be a well-established phenomenon. Here we demonstrate an unexpected effect, that the migration of interstitials such as carbon in iron may be accelerated not in the dislocation line direction ξ, but in a conjugate diffusion direction. This accelerated random walk arises from a simple crystallographic channeling effect. c is a function of the Burgers vector b, but not ξ, thus a dislocation loop possesses the same everywhere. Using molecular dynamics and accelerated dynamics simulations, we further show that such dislocation-core-coupled carbon diffusion in iron has temperature-dependent activation enthalpy like a fragile glass. The 71° mixed dislocation is the only case in which we see straightforward pipe diffusion that does not depend on dislocation mobility.

  17. Cervical cancer screening in rural South Africa among HIV-infected migrant farm workers and sex workers.

    PubMed

    Afzal, Omara; Lieber, Molly; Dottino, Peter; Beddoe, Ann Marie

    2017-05-01

    At an HIV clinic in the Limpopo province of South Africa, chart reviews revealed long delays in addressing abnormal Pap smears, difficulty in referrals, poor quality and lost results, and increasing cases of cervical cancer. To address these barriers, a "see and treat" approach to screening was proposed. The objective was to integrate this method into current HIV care offered by local providers and to obtain demographic and risk factor data for use in future educational and intervention programs in the region. A cross sectional study of HIV farm workers and at-risk sex workers attending an HIV clinic was performed with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA). Those with positive screens were offered cryotherapy. Clinic charts were reviewed retrospectively for Pap smear results for the previous year at the time of program initiation and at 12 and 18 months post-program. A total of 403 participants consented and underwent screening with VIA (306 Farm workers and 97 sex workers participated). 83.9% of participants (32.9% sex workers and 100% farm workers) were HIV +. VIA was positive in 30.5% of participants, necessitating cryotherapy. There was no significant difference in VIA positivity between HIV + farm workers and sex workers. There was a positive correlation between Pap smears and VIAs results. We demonstrate successful integration of cervical cancer screening using VIA for HIV + farm workers and sex workers into an existing HIV treatment and prevention clinic in rural South Africa, addressing and treating abnormal results promptly.

  18. B-WEST Regional Workforce Training Center. Building Workers Entering Skilled Trades. Program Development Guide.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Portland Community Coll., OR.

    This program development guide outlines the procedures for replicating the B-WEST (Building Workers Entering Skilled Trades) program, a two-term professional certificate program designed to prepare women for skilled jobs in the traditionally male-dominated electrical, mechanical, and construction trades. The components and major activities of the…

  19. Client Assessment in an Industrial Setting: A Cross-Sectional Method.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Yamatani, Hide

    1988-01-01

    Used cross-sectional method for evaluating social service programs in industrial setting to estimate numbers of workers needing social services, levels of program use, and penetration and to examine program outcome. Workers served by social service or employee assistance programs can be examined to determine additional services needed, adequacy of…

  20. Federal workers' compensation programs: Department of Defense and Veterans Health Administration experiences.

    PubMed

    Mallon, Timothy M; Grizzell, Tifani L; Hodgson, Michael J

    2015-03-01

    The objective of this article is to introduce the reader to this special supplement to the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine regarding Federal Workers' Compensation Programs. The short history of both the VHA and DoD Federal Workers' Compensation Programs are provided and a short synopsis of each author's article is provided. The lessons learned from the articles in the supplement are summarized in this article and 6 key findings are highlighted. Cooperation between human resources workers' compensation personnel, safety and occupational health personnel is a must for successful management of the WC program. Information and data sharing are critical for root cause and injury prevention, case management, and cost containment efforts. Enhancing efforts in these areas will save an estimated $100 million through cost avoidance efforts.

  1. A mental health program for ground zero rescue and recovery workers: cases and observations.

    PubMed

    Katz, Craig L; Smith, Rebecca; Silverton, Marsha; Holmes, Anastasia; Bravo, Carlos; Jones, Kristina; Kiliman, Marta; Lopez, Norma; Malkoff, Laurie; Marrone, Kathryn; Neuman, Alla; Stephens, Tricia; Tavarez, Wendy; Yarowsky, Anne; Levin, Stephen; Herbert, Robin

    2006-09-01

    Clinical vignettes from the World Trade Center Worker and Volunteer Mental Health Monitoring and Treatment Program at the Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York City are presented. The hospital-based program pairs mental health screenings with federally funded occupational medical screenings to identify persons with mental health problems related to their rescue and recovery roles. The program also provides on-site mental health treatment. The cases illustrate the diverse mental health needs of the rescue and recovery workers, some of whom initially sought treatment years after September 11, 2001. The cases show that in addition to symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, workers experienced survivor guilt, distressing memories of childhood trauma, shame associated with intense feelings, substance abuse relapse, psychosis, and problems with family relationships.

  2. Clearing a Hurried Path: Study on Education Programs for Migrant Workers in Six Asian Countries.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Villalba, Noel C.

    Against the backdrop of the Asian economic crisis, this study examined the range of education programs for migrant workers in six Asian countries. Surveys were returned from 145 migrant worker support organizations in three host countries--Hong Kong, South Korea, and Japan--and three sending countries--the Philippines, Indonesia, and India. The…

  3. Curriculum Guide for General Education Development or High School Equivalency Examination in Spanish.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sharma, Shobha; Escalona, Margaret Boyter

    This curriculum guide was developed as part of the Worker Education Program for workers in the garment industry. The program was jointly developed by the workers, their employer, their union, and Northeastern Illinois University. It contains the materials required to teach a course to help Spanish-speaking individuals pass the General Educational…

  4. OEO Programs for Migrant and Seasonal Farm Workers. Title IIIB EOA Projects.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Office of Economic Opportunity, Washington, DC.

    The major thrust of Title III-B (Economic Opportunity Act) programs is to prepare migrant and seasonal farm workers for upgraded jobs and to prepare entire farm worker families for alternatives to farm work if they so desire. These alternatives, supported through projects for adult heads of households, emphasize skill training in preparation for…

  5. Guest Worker Programs and Canada: Towards a Foundation for Understanding the Complex Pedagogies of Transnational Labour

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sawchuk, Peter H.; Kempf, Arlo

    2008-01-01

    Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to contextualise historically transnational labour experiences within guest worker programs in Canada and to provide a conceptual foundation for analysing work, learning and living relations with special attention to agricultural workers. Design/methodology/approach: The research is based on a critical review…

  6. BBilateral Neglected Anterior Shoulder Dislocation with Greater Tuberosity Fractures

    PubMed Central

    Upasani, Tejas; Bhatnagar, Abhinav; Mehta, Sonu

    2016-01-01

    Introduction: Shoulder dislocations are a very common entity in routine orthopaedic practice. Chronic unreduced anterior dislocations of the shoulder are not very common. Neurological and vascular complications may occur as a result of an acute anterior dislocation of the shoulder or after a while in chronic unreduced shoulder dislocation. Open reduction is indicated for most chronic shoulder dislocations. We report a case of neglected bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation with bilateral displaced greater tuberosity fracture. To the best of our knowledge, only a handful cases have been reported in literature with bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation with bilateral fractures. Delayed diagnosis/reporting is a scenario which makes the list even slimmer and management all the more challenging. Case Report: We report a case of a 35-year-old male who had bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation and bilateral greater tuberosity fracture post seizure and failed to report it for a period of 30 days. One side was managed conservatively with closed reduction and immobilization and the other side with open reduction. No neurovascular complications pre or post reduction of shoulder were seen. Conclusion: Shoulder dislocations should always be suspected post seizures and if found should be treated promptly. Treatment becomes difficult for any shoulder dislocation that goes untreated for considerable period of time PMID:27703939

  7. Dynamics and Removal Pathway of Edge Dislocations in Imperfectly Attached PbTe Nanocrystal Pairs: Toward Design Rules for Oriented Attachment.

    PubMed

    Ondry, Justin C; Hauwiller, Matthew R; Alivisatos, A Paul

    2018-04-24

    Using in situ high-resolution TEM, we study the structure and dynamics of well-defined edge dislocations in imperfectly attached PbTe nanocrystals. We identify that attachment of PbTe nanocrystals on both {100} and {110} facets gives rise to b = a/2⟨110⟩ edge dislocations. Based on the Burgers vector of individual dislocations, we can identify the glide plane of the dislocations. We observe that defects in particles attached on {100} facets have glide planes that quickly intersect the surface, and HRTEM movies show that the defects follow the glide plane to the surface. For {110} attached particles, the glide plane is collinear with the attachment direction, which does not provide an easy path for the dislocation to reach the surface. Indeed, HRTEM movies of dislocations for {110} attached particles show that defect removal is much slower. Further, we observe conversion from pure edge dislocations in imperfectly attached particles to dislocations with mixed edge and screw character, which has important implications for crystal growth. Finally, we observe that dislocations initially closer to the surface have a higher speed of removal, consistent with the strong dislocation free surface attractive force. Our results provide important design rules for defect-free attachment of preformed nanocrystals into epitaxial assemblies.

  8. [Therapy of traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation: current status of therapy in Germany. Are there scientifically verified therapy concepts?].

    PubMed

    Tingart, M; Bäthis, H; Bouillon, B; Tiling, T

    2001-06-01

    There are no generally accepted concepts for the treatment of traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation. The objective of this study was to ascertain the current treatment for traumatic shoulder dislocations in German hospitals and to compare this with the data reported in the literature. A total of 210 orthopedic surgery departments were asked for their treatment strategy in an anonymous country-wide survey; 103 questionnaires (49%) were returned for evaluation. Additional imaging (ultrasound, CT, MRI) beyond the routine X-rays is performed in 82% of clinics for primary shoulder dislocation (94% in recurrent dislocation). A young, athletic patient (< 30 years old) would be operated on for a primary traumatic shoulder dislocation in 73% of hospitals (98% in recurrent dislocation). In contrast, a patient of the same age, with a moderate level of sporting activity would be treated conservatively in 67% of cases (14% in recurrent dislocation). Similarly, for an active, middle-aged patient with a demanding job, 74% of responses favored conservative treatment after a primary dislocation and 6% after a recurrent dislocation. Older patients (> 65 years old) are usually treated conservatively after a primary or recurrent shoulder dislocation (99%, 69%). For a primary shoulder dislocation the most popular surgical reconstruction is a Bankart repair (75%). For recurrent shoulder dislocation several different operative techniques are seen (Bankart 29%, T-shift 26%, Putti-Platt 8%, Eden-Lange-Hybbinette 22%, Weber osteotomy 13%). Based on our literature review, we found: (1) The clinical examination of both shoulders is important to diagnose hyperlaxity; (2) Routine CT or MRI is not necessary for primary traumatic shoulder dislocations; (3) A young, athletic patient should undergo surgical reconstruction after a primary shoulder dislocation; (4) The operation of choice for primary and recurrent dislocation is the Bankart repair; (5) There is no sufficient evidence that an arthroscopic Bankart repair is as good as an open procedure; (6) There are limited indications for other operative techniques, as they are associated with a higher recurrence and arthrosis rate.

  9. Propagation and Interaction of Edge Dislocation (Kink) in the Square Lattice

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jia, Li-Ping; Jasmina, T´; Duan, Wen-Shan

    2015-04-01

    Not Available Supported by the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program of China under Grant No 2014GB104002, the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No XDA03030100, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11275156 and 11304324, the Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Institute of Theoretical Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No Y4KF201CJ1, and the Serbian Ministry of Education and Science under Grant No III-45010.

  10. A micro S-shaped optical fiber temperature sensor based on dislocation fiber splice

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yan, Haitao; Li, Pengfei; Zhang, Haojie; Shen, Xiaoyue; Wang, Yongzhen

    2017-12-01

    We fabricated a simple, compact, and stable temperature sensor based on an S-shaped dislocated optical fiber. The dislocation optical fiber has two splice points, and we obtained the optimal parameters based on the theory and our experiment, such as the dislocation amount and length of the dislocation optical fiber. According to the relationship between the temperature and the peak wavelength shift, the temperature of the environment can be obtained. Then, we made this fiber a micro bending as S-shape between the two dislocation points, and the S-shaped micro bending part could release stress with the change in temperature and reduce the effect of stress on the temperature measurement. This structure could solve the problem of sensor distortion caused by the cross response of temperature and stress. We measured the S-shaped dislocation fiber sensor and the dislocation fiber without S-shape under the same environment and conditions, and the S-shaped dislocation fiber had the advantages of the stable reliability and good linearity.

  11. Quasicontinuum analysis of dislocation-coherent twin boundary interaction to provide local rules to discrete dislocation dynamics

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tran, H.-S.; Tummala, H.; Duchene, L.; Pardoen, T.; Fivel, M.; Habraken, A. M.

    2017-10-01

    The interaction of a pure screw dislocation with a Coherent Twin Boundary Σ3 in copper was studied using the Quasicontinuum method. Coherent Twin Boundary behaves as a strong barrier to dislocation glide and prohibits slip transmission across the boundary. Dislocation pileup modifies the stress field at its intersection with the Grain Boundary (GB). A methodology to estimate the strength of the barrier for a dislocation to slip across CTB is proposed. A screw dislocation approaching the boundary from one side either propagates into the adjacent twin grain by cutting through the twin boundary or is stopped and increases the dislocation pileup amplitude at the GB. Quantitative estimation of the critical stress for transmission was performed using the virial stress computed by Quasicontinuum method. The transmission mechanism and critical stress are in line with the literature. Such information can be used as input for dislocation dynamic simulations for a better modeling of grain boundaries.

  12. A phase field crystal model simulation of morphology evolution and misfit dislocation generation in nanoheteroepitaxy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhang, J.; Chen, Z.; Cheng, C.; Wang, Y. X.

    2017-10-01

    A phase field crystal (PFC) model is employed to study morphology evolution of nanoheteroepitaxy and misfit dislocation generation when applied with enhanced supercooling, lattice mismatch and substrate vicinal angle conditions. Misfit strain that rises due to lattice mismatch causes rough surfaces or misfit dislocations, deteriorates film properties, hence, efforts taken to reveal their microscopic mechanism are significant for film quality improvement. Uniform islands, instead of misfit dislocations, are developed in subcritical thickness film, serving as a way of strain relief by surface mechanism. Misfit dislocations generate when strain relief by surface mechanism is deficient in higher supercooling, multilayers of misfit dislocations dominate, but the number of layers reduces gradually when the supercooling is further enhanced. Rough surfaces like islands or cuspate pits are developed which is ascribed to lattice mismatch, multilayers of misfit dislocations generate to further enhance lattice mismatch. Layers of misfit dislocations generate at a thickening position at enhanced substrate vicinal angle, this further enhancing the angle leading to sporadic generation of misfit dislocations.

  13. Complex and noncentrosymmetric stacking of layered metal dichalcogenide materials created by screw dislocations

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Shearer, Melinda J.; Samad, Leith; Zhang, Yi

    The interesting and tunable properties of layered metal dichalcogenides heavily depend on their phase and layer stacking. Here, we show and explain how the layer stacking and physical properties of WSe 2 are influenced by screw dislocations. A one-to-one correlation of atomic force microscopy and high- and low-frequency Raman spectroscopy of many dislocated WSe 2 nanoplates reveals variations in the number and shapes of dislocation spirals and different layer stackings that are determined by the number, rotation, and location of the dislocations. Plates with triangular dislocation spirals form noncentrosymmetric stacking that gives rise to strong second-harmonic generation and enhanced photoluminescence,more » plates with hexagonal dislocation spirals form the bulk 2H layer stacking commonly observed, and plates containing mixed dislocation shapes have intermediate noncentrosymmetric stackings with mixed properties. Multiple dislocation cores and other complexities can lead to more complex stackings and properties. Finally, these previously unobserved properties and layer stackings in WSe 2 will be interesting for spintronics and valleytronics.« less

  14. Complex and noncentrosymmetric stacking of layered metal dichalcogenide materials created by screw dislocations

    DOE PAGES

    Shearer, Melinda J.; Samad, Leith; Zhang, Yi; ...

    2017-02-08

    The interesting and tunable properties of layered metal dichalcogenides heavily depend on their phase and layer stacking. Here, we show and explain how the layer stacking and physical properties of WSe 2 are influenced by screw dislocations. A one-to-one correlation of atomic force microscopy and high- and low-frequency Raman spectroscopy of many dislocated WSe 2 nanoplates reveals variations in the number and shapes of dislocation spirals and different layer stackings that are determined by the number, rotation, and location of the dislocations. Plates with triangular dislocation spirals form noncentrosymmetric stacking that gives rise to strong second-harmonic generation and enhanced photoluminescence,more » plates with hexagonal dislocation spirals form the bulk 2H layer stacking commonly observed, and plates containing mixed dislocation shapes have intermediate noncentrosymmetric stackings with mixed properties. Multiple dislocation cores and other complexities can lead to more complex stackings and properties. Finally, these previously unobserved properties and layer stackings in WSe 2 will be interesting for spintronics and valleytronics.« less

  15. Motion of 1/3⟨111⟩ dislocations on Σ3 {112} twin boundaries in nanotwinned copper

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lu, N.; Du, K.; Lu, L.; Ye, H. Q.

    2014-01-01

    The atomic structure of Σ3 {112} ITBs in nanotwinned Cu is investigated by using aberration-corrected high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and in situ HRTEM observations. The Σ3 {112} ITBs are consisted of periodically repeated three partial dislocations. The in situ HRTEM results show that 1/3[111] partial dislocation moves on the Σ3 {112} incoherent twin boundary (ITB), which was accompanied by a migration of the ITB. A dislocation reaction mechanism is proposed for the motion of 1/3[111] Frank partial dislocation, in which the 1/3[111] partial dislocation exchanges its position with twin boundary dislocations in sequence. In this way, the 1/3[111] dislocation can move on the incoherent twin boundary in metals with low stacking fault energy. Meanwhile, the ITB will migrate in its normal direction accordingly. These results provide insight into the reaction mechanism of 1/3[111] dislocations and ITBs and the associated migration of ITBs.

  16. Complete dislocation of the ulnar nerve at the elbow: a protective effect against neuropathy?

    PubMed

    Leis, A Arturo; Smith, Benn E; Kosiorek, Heidi E; Omejec, Gregor; Podnar, Simon

    2017-08-01

    Recurrent complete ulnar nerve dislocation has been perceived as a risk factor for development of ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE). However, the role of dislocation in the pathogenesis of UNE remains uncertain. We studied 133 patients with complete ulnar nerve dislocation to determine whether this condition is a risk factor for UNE. In all, the nerve was palpated as it rolled over the medial epicondyle during elbow flexion. Of 56 elbows with unilateral dislocation, UNE localized contralaterally in 17 elbows (30.4%) and ipsilaterally in 10 elbows (17.9%). Of 154 elbows with bilateral dislocation, 26 had UNE (16.9%). Complete dislocation decreased the odds of having UNE by 44% (odds ratio = 0.475; P =  0.028), and was associated with less severe UNE (P = 0.045). UNE occurs less frequently and is less severe on the side of complete dislocation. Complete dislocation may have a protective effect on the ulnar nerve. Muscle Nerve 56: 242-246, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  17. Unravelling the physics of size-dependent dislocation-mediated plasticity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    El-Awady, Jaafar A.

    2015-01-01

    Size-affected dislocation-mediated plasticity is important in a wide range of materials and technologies. Here we develop a generalized size-dependent dislocation-based model that predicts strength as a function of crystal/grain size and the dislocation density. Three-dimensional (3D) discrete dislocation dynamics (DDD) simulations reveal the existence of a well-defined relationship between strength and dislocation microstructure at all length scales for both single crystals and polycrystalline materials. The results predict a transition from dislocation-source strengthening to forest-dominated strengthening at a size-dependent critical dislocation density. It is also shown that the Hall-Petch relationship can be physically interpreted by coupling with an appropriate kinetic equation of the evolution of the dislocation density in polycrystals. The model is shown to be in remarkable agreement with experiments. This work presents a micro-mechanistic framework to predict and interpret strength size-scale effects, and provides an avenue towards performing multiscale simulations without ad hoc assumptions.

  18. Characteristics of dislocation structure in creep deformed lamellar tial alloy within primary regime

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cho, H. S.; Nam, Soo W.

    1999-06-01

    In this investigation, dislocations of a lamellar TiAl alloy are analyzed after creeping in the primary range at 800°C/200MPa in order to interpret their mobility It was found that the dislocation density in γ-laths decreased as the creep deformation proceeds within primary creep regime Schmid factor analysis suggests that the creep deformation in the early stage of the primary creep regime is controlled by the gliding of some of the initial dislocations which have a high enough Schmid factor As the creep deformation progressed, those dislocations with high Schmid factors slip preferentially to be annihilated at the α-γ interface For further continuous deformation, dislocation generation is required, and for this, α-phase is transformed to γ-phase in order to generate new dislocations A slow dislocation generation process by phase transformation of α-phase compared with the absorbing rate to sinks is responsible for the decreasing dislocation density as the creep strain increases

  19. Strain field mapping of dislocations in a Ge/Si heterostructure.

    PubMed

    Liu, Quanlong; Zhao, Chunwang; Su, Shaojian; Li, Jijun; Xing, Yongming; Cheng, Buwen

    2013-01-01

    Ge/Si heterostructure with fully strain-relaxed Ge film was grown on a Si (001) substrate by using a two-step process by ultra-high vacuum chemical vapor deposition. The dislocations in the Ge/Si heterostructure were experimentally investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The dislocations at the Ge/Si interface were identified to be 90° full-edge dislocations, which are the most efficient way for obtaining a fully relaxed Ge film. The only defect found in the Ge epitaxial film was a 60° dislocation. The nanoscale strain field of the dislocations was mapped by geometric phase analysis technique from the HRTEM image. The strain field around the edge component of the 60° dislocation core was compared with those of the Peierls-Nabarro and Foreman dislocation models. Comparison results show that the Foreman model with a = 1.5 can describe appropriately the strain field around the edge component of a 60° dislocation core in a relaxed Ge film on a Si substrate.

  20. The National Shipbuilding Research Program. Application of Industrial Engineering Techniques to Reduce Workers’ Compensation and Environmental Costs - Deliverable G

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1999-10-01

    to prove that we can operate as efficiently as other nations where worker safety and health are emphasized as highly. With the support of government...N8-96-3 Application of Industrial Engineering Techniques to Reduce Workers ’ Compensation and Environmental Costs - Deliverable G U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE...Techniques to Reduce Workers ’ Compensation and Environmental Costs - Deliverable G 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6

  1. Effect of solute atoms on dislocation motion in Mg: An electronic structure perspective

    PubMed Central

    Tsuru, T.; Chrzan, D. C.

    2015-01-01

    Solution strengthening is a well-known approach to tailoring the mechanical properties of structural alloys. Ultimately, the properties of the dislocation/solute interaction are rooted in the electronic structure of the alloy. Accordingly, we compute the electronic structure associated with, and the energy barriers to dislocation cross-slip. The energy barriers so obtained can be used in the development of multiscale models for dislocation mediated plasticity. The computed electronic structure can be used to identify substitutional solutes likely to interact strongly with the dislocation. Using the example of a-type screw dislocations in Mg, we compute accurately the Peierls barrier to prismatic plane slip and argue that Y, Ca, Ti, and Zr should interact strongly with the studied dislocation, and thereby decrease the dislocation slip anisotropy in the alloy. PMID:25740411

  2. Deformation twinning in a creep-deformed nanolaminate structure

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hsiung, Luke L.

    2010-10-01

    The underlying mechanism of deformation twinning occurring in a TiAl-(γ)/Ti3Al-(α2) nanolaminate creep deformed at elevated temperatures has been studied. Since the multiplication and propagation of lattice dislocations in both γ and α2 thin lamellae are very limited, the total flow of lattice dislocations becomes insufficient to accommodate the accumulated creep strains. Consequently, the movement of interfacial dislocations along the laminate interfaces, i.e., interface sliding, becomes an alternative deformation mode of the nanolaminate structure. Pile-ups of interfacial dislocations occur when interfacial ledges and impinged lattice dislocations act as obstacles to impede the movement of interfacial dislocations. Deformation twinning can accordingly take place to relieve a stress concentration resulting from the pile-up of interfacial dislocations. An interface-controlled twinning mechanism driven by the pile-up and dissociation of interfacial dislocations is accordingly proposed.

  3. Dislocation dynamics in hexagonal close-packed crystals

    DOE PAGES

    Aubry, S.; Rhee, M.; Hommes, G.; ...

    2016-04-14

    Extensions of the dislocation dynamics methodology necessary to enable accurate simulations of crystal plasticity in hexagonal close-packed (HCP) metals are presented. They concern the introduction of dislocation motion in HCP crystals through linear and non-linear mobility laws, as well as the treatment of composite dislocation physics. Formation, stability and dissociation of and other dislocations with large Burgers vectors defined as composite dislocations are examined and a new topological operation is proposed to enable their dissociation. Furthermore, the results of our simulations suggest that composite dislocations are omnipresent and may play important roles both in specific dislocation mechanisms and in bulkmore » crystal plasticity in HCP materials. While fully microscopic, our bulk DD simulations provide wealth of data that can be used to develop and parameterize constitutive models of crystal plasticity at the mesoscale.« less

  4. Dislocation loop models for the high temperature creep of Al-5.5 at.% Mg alloy

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    An, S.U.; Blum, W.

    1995-04-15

    The Al-5.5 at.% Mg alloy is a typical class I type solution hardened material. The dislocation loop models proposed by Orlova and Cadek and by Mills et al., respectively are widely applied models in describing the high temperature creep behavior of the Al-5.5 at.% Mg alloy. These models, however, are in conflict in explaining dislocation loop theory. Orlova and Cadek suggest that in class I solution hardened alloys screw dislocations are relatively easier to migrate because they are subject to a smaller resistance in motion than edge dislocations. Consequently, the migration rate of screw dislocations is higher than that ofmore » edge dislocations. However, since dislocation loops are composed of both screw and edge components, the overall migration rate of screw dislocations are reduced by that of the edge component. Mills et al. on the contrary, used a different dislocation loop model. As the loop grows while it moves, it takes on the shape of an ellipsoid due to the unbalance in growth rate, the score segment moving much easier than the edge. Therefore, as shown in the results of the stress reduction tests, rapid elastic ({Delta} {var_epsilon}{sub el}) and anelastic contraction ({Delta} {var_epsilon}{sub an}) occur simultaneously directly after stress reduction. During the movement of the dislocation loop, the screw component hence becomes severely curved, while the edge component retains a straight line. This has been proved through dislocation structure observations by TEM.« less

  5. Dislocation pileup as a representation of strain accumulation on a strike-slip fault

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Savage, J.C.

    2006-01-01

    The conventional model of strain accumulation on a vertical transform fault is a discrete screw dislocation in an elastic half-space with the Burgers vector of the dislocation increasing at the rate of relative plate motion. It would be more realistic to replace that discrete dislocation by a dislocation distribution, presumably a pileup in which the individual dislocations are in equilibrium. The length of the pileup depends upon the applied stress and the amount of slip that has occurred at depth. I argue here that the dislocation pileup (the transition on the fault from no slip to slip at the full plate rate) occupies a substantial portion of the lithosphere thickness. A discrete dislocation at an adjustable depth can reproduce the surface deformation profile predicted by a pileup so closely that it will be difficult to distinguish between the two models. The locking depth (dislocation depth) of that discrete dislocation approximation is substantially (???30%) larger than that (depth to top of the pileup) in the pileup model. Thus, in inverting surface deformation data using the discrete dislocation model, the locking depth in the model should not be interpreted as the true locking depth. Although dislocation pileup models should provide a good explanation of the surface deformation near the fault trace, that explanation may not be adequate at greater distances from the fault trace because approximating the expected horizontally distributed deformation at subcrustal depths by uniform slip concentrated on the fault is not justified.

  6. Instability of total hip replacement: A clinical study and determination of its risk factors.

    PubMed

    Ezquerra-Herrando, L; Seral-García, B; Quilez, M P; Pérez, M A; Albareda-Albareda, J

    2015-01-01

    To determine the risk factors associated with prosthetic dislocation and simulate a finite element model to determine the safe range of movement of various inclination and anteversion cup positions. Retrospective Case Control study with 46 dislocated patients from 1994 to 2011. 83 randomly selected patients. Dislocation risk factors described in the literature were collected. A prosthetic model was simulated using finite elements with 28, 32, 36 mm heads, and a 52 mm cup. Acetabular position was 25°, 40°, and 60° tilt and with 0°, 15° and 25° anteversion. In extension of 0° and flexion of 90°, internal and external rotation was applied to analyze the range of movement, maximum resisting moment, and stress distribution in the acetabulum to impingement and dislocation. There was greater dislocation in older patients (p=0.002). Higher dislocation in fractures than in osteoarthritis (p=0.001). Less anteversion in dislocated patients (p=0.043). Longer femoral neck in dislocated patients (p=0.002). Finite element model: lower dislocation when there is more anteversion, tilt and bigger femoral heads. Advanced age and fractures are the major risk factors for dislocation. "Safe zone" of movement for dislocation avoidance is 40°-60° tilt and 15°-25° anteversion. Both the defect and excess of soft tissue tension predispose to dislocation. Bigger femoral heads are more stable. Copyright © 2014 SECOT. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.

  7. Dislocation Multiplication in the Early Stage of Deformation in Mo Single Crystals

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Hsiung, L.; Lassila, D.H.

    Initial dislocation structure in annealed high-purity Mo single crystals and deformation substructure in a crystal subjected to 1% compression have been examined and studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques in order to investigate dislocation multiplication mechanisms in the early stage of plastic deformation. The initial dislocation density is in a range of 10{sup 6} {approx} 10{sup 7} cm{sup -2}, and the dislocation structure is found to contain many grown-in superjogs along dislocation lines. The dislocation density increases to a range of 10{sup 8} {approx} 10{sup 9} cm{sup -2}, and the average jog height is also found to increase aftermore » compressing for a total strain of 1%. It is proposed that the preexisting jogged screw dislocations can act as (multiple) dislocation multiplication sources when deformed under quasi-static conditions. The jog height can increase by stress-induced jog coalescence, which takes place via the lateral migration (drift) of superjogs driven by unbalanced line-tension partials acting on link segments of unequal lengths. The coalescence of superjogs results in an increase of both link length and jog height. Applied shear stress begins to push each link segment to precede dislocation multiplication when link length and jog height are greater than critical lengths. This ''dynamic'' dislocation multiplication source is suggested to be crucial for the dislocation multiplication in the early stage of plastic deformation in Mo.« less

  8. Unzipping and movement of Lomer-type edge dislocations in Ge/GeSi/Si(0 0 1) heterostructures

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bolkhovityanov, Yu. B.; Deryabin, A. S.; Gutakovskii, A. K.; Sokolov, L. V.

    2018-02-01

    Edge dislocations in face-centered crystals are formed from two mixed dislocations gliding along intersecting {1 -1 1} planes, forming the so-called Lomer locks. This process, which is called zipping, is energetically beneficial. It is experimentally demonstrated in this paper that a reverse process may occur in Ge/GeSi strained buffer/Si(0 0 1) heterostructures under certain conditions, namely, decoupling of two 60° dislocations that formed the Lomer-type dislocation, i.e., unzipping. It is assumed that the driving force responsible for separation of Lomer dislocations into two 60° dislocations is the strain remaining in the GeSi buffer layer.

  9. Reduction of threading dislocation density in SiGe epilayer on Si (0 0 1) by lateral growth liquid-phase epitaxy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    O'Reilly, Andrew J.; Quitoriano, Nathaniel J.

    2018-02-01

    Si0.973Ge0.027 epilayers were grown on a Si (0 0 1) substrate by a lateral liquid-phase epitaxy (LLPE) technique. The lateral growth mechanism favoured the glide of misfit dislocations and inhibited the nucleation of new dislocations by maintaining the thickness less than the critical thicknesses for dislocation nucleation and greater than the critical thickness for glide. This promoted the formation of an array of long misfit dislocations parallel to the [1 1 0] growth direction and reduced the threading dislocation density to 103 cm-2, two orders of magnitude lower than the seed area with an isotropic misfit dislocation network.

  10. 10 CFR 851.12 - Implementation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... ENERGY WORKER SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM Program Requirements § 851.12 Implementation. (a) Contractors... taking any additional protective action that is determined to be necessary to protect the safety and health of workers. ...

  11. Temporomandibular joint dislocation

    PubMed Central

    Sharma, Naresh Kumar; Singh, Akhilesh Kumar; Pandey, Arun; Verma, Vishal; Singh, Shreya

    2015-01-01

    Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation is an uncommon but debilitating condition of the facial skeleton. The condition may be acute or chronic. Acute TMJ dislocation is common in clinical practice and can be managed easily with manual reduction. Chronic recurrent TMJ dislocation is a challenging situation to manage. In this article, we discuss the comprehensive review of the different treatment modalities in managing TMJ dislocation. PMID:26668447

  12. Density of dislocations in CdHgTe heteroepitaxial structures on GaAs(013) and Si(013) substrates

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sidorov, Yu. G.; Yakushev, M. V.; Varavin, V. S.; Kolesnikov, A. V.; Trukhanov, E. M.; Sabinina, I. V.; Loshkarev, I. D.

    2015-11-01

    Epitaxial layers of Cd x Hg1- x Te (MCT) on GaAs(013) and Si(013) substrates were grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The introduction of ZnTe and CdTe intermediate layers into the structures made it possible to retain the orientation close to that of the substrate in MCT epitaxial layers despite the large mismatch between the lattice parameters. The structures were investigated using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The dislocation families predominantly removing the mismatch between the lattice parameters were found. Transmission electron microscopy revealed Γ-shaped misfit dislocations (MDs), which facilitated the annihilation of threading dislocations. The angles of rotation of the lattice due to the formation of networks of misfit dislocations were measured. It was shown that the density of threading dislocations in the active region of photodiodes is primarily determined by the network of misfit dislocations formed in the MCT/CdTe heterojunction. A decrease in the density of threading dislocations in the MCT film was achieved by cyclic annealing under conditions of the maximally facilitated nonconservative motion of dislocations. The dislocation density was determined from the etch pits.

  13. Grain size effects on dislocation and twinning mediated plasticity in magnesium

    DOE PAGES

    Fan, Haidong; Aubry, Sylvie; Arsenlis, Athanasios; ...

    2015-09-20

    Grain size effects on the competition between dislocation slip and {101¯2} -twinning in magnesium are investigated using discrete dislocation dynamics simulations. These simulations account for dislocation–twin boundary interactions and twin boundary migration through the glide of twinning dislocations. It is shown that twinning deformation exhibits a strong grain size effect; while dislocation mediated slip in untwinned polycrystals displays a weak one. In conclusion, this leads to a critical grain size at 2.7 μm, above which twinning dominates, and below which dislocation slip dominates.

  14. Integrating Occupational Safety and Health Information Into Vocational and Technical Education and Other Workforce Preparation Programs

    PubMed Central

    Schulte, Paul A.; Stephenson, Carol Merry; Okun, Andrea H.; Palassis, John; Biddle, Elyce

    2005-01-01

    The high rates of injury among young workers are a pressing public health issue, especially given the demand of the job market for new workers. Young and new workers experience the highest rates of occupational injuries of any age group. Incorporating occupational safety and health (OSH) information into the more than 20 000 vocational and other workforce preparation programs in the United States might provide a mechanism for reducing work-related injuries and illnesses among young and new workers. We assessed the status of including OSH information or training in workforce preparation programs and found there is an inconsistent emphasis on OSH information. PMID:15727967

  15. The Extended Family: An Educational Program for the Seasonal and Migrant Farm Worker.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Roeske, C. Edward

    This paper describes the University of Tennessee's High School Equivalency Program (HEP), one of 21 programs throughout the United States aimed at assisting seasonal and migrant farm workers in improving their level of employment and education. For the first 4 years, the University of Tennessee's HEP was a campus-based residency program, but in…

  16. Effectiveness of the United Steel Workers of America Coke Oven Intervention Program.

    PubMed

    Parkinson, D K; Bromet, E J; Dew, M A; Dunn, L O; Barkman, M; Wright, M

    1989-05-01

    This paper describes the implementation and evaluation of the Coke Oven Intervention Program developed jointly by the United Steel Workers of America and the University of Pittsburgh. The program was offered on four occasions at each of seven coke oven plants over a 2-year period. Participants were compared with nonparticipating co-workers and controls from matched plants on knowledge of the Coke Oven Standard and workplace behaviors. Few baseline differences were found among participants, nonparticipants, and controls. Participants improved significantly as a result of the program, with those attending multiple programs accruing the greatest benefits. Panel controls interviewed on six occasions throughout the 2-year period showed little improvement. Reasons for and implications of the effectiveness of the program are discussed.

  17. Activities of the Solid State Physics Research Institute

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1984-01-01

    Three research programs are reviewed. These programs are muon spin rotation, studies of annealing in gallium arsenide and Hall effect studies in semiconductors. The muon spin rotation work centers around the development of a facility at the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron of BNL. Studies of annealing in GaAs concerns itself with the measurement of depolarization in GaAs. The Hall effect studies of proton damaged semiconductors provide new information on the nature of defects and dislocations in GaAs.

  18. A Comparative Analysis of Competency Frameworks for Youth Workers in the Out-of-School Time Field

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Vance, Femi

    2010-01-01

    Research suggests that the quality of out-of-school time (OST) programs is related to positive youth outcomes and skilled staff are a critical component of high quality programming. This descriptive case study of competency frameworks for youth workers in the OST field demonstrates how experts and practitioners characterize a skilled youth worker.…

  19. The Task Approach to Child Care Competency: An Advanced Level Training Curriculum for Residential Child Care Workers.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Heckman, Iris; Rodwell, Mary K.

    The purpose of the project was to develop an advanced, competency-based training program for residential youth service/child care workers providing services to children and adolescents with severe mental health or emotional problems. The program was designed in response to problems common to these workers in rural areas such as Kansas, including…

  20. Older Workers' Perspectives on Training and Retention of Older Workers. A National Vocational Education and Training Research and Evaluation Program Report

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lundberg, David; Marshallsay, Zaniah

    2007-01-01

    Older workers' perspectives are examined in a national survey of the finance sector and case studies of aged care and construction workers. The majority of older workers intend to work beyond retirement age, to achieve a better lifestyle. With training, older workers could mentor younger workers. (Contains 30 tables.) [This work has been produced…

  1. Undisplaced Intraoperative Fracture Presenting as Early Dislocation with Tapered Wedge Stems in Total Hip Arthroplasty - Case Series and Review of Literature

    PubMed Central

    Reddy, A V Gurava; Eachempati, Krishna Kiran; Mugalur, Aakash; Suchinder, A; Rao, V B N Prasad; Kamurukuru, Nalanda

    2017-01-01

    Introduction: Periprosthetic fractures and dislocation in the early post-operative period can be disastrous both for the surgeon and the patient. However, undisplaced periprosthetic fractures presenting with dislocation is uncommon. We describe successful management of two cases (one bilateral dislocation and one unilateral dislocation) of undisplaced iatrogenic fractures in total hip arthroplasty (THA) presenting as early dislocation. Case Report: Case 1 was a 45-year-old female with osteoarthritis of hip secondary to developmental dysplasia of the hip with bilateral early nontraumatic dislocation with bilateral identical periprosthetic fracture. It was managed by revision to long stem and encirclage wiring. Case 2 presented with early dislocation in the 2nd week post THA. We found an intertrochanteric fracture intra-operatively with unstable implant. Acetabular component and femoral component revision were done with reconstruction of the greater trochanter. Discussion: These fractures could be occult iatrogenic fractures characteristic of taper wedge stems which presented as early nontraumatic dislocation in the post-operative period. The prosthesis subsidence, loss of muscle tension and change of version might be the factors leading to dislocation. Conclusion: Unrecognized incomplete intraoperative fracture can occur with tapered wedge uncemented stems which can present as a dislocation in the immediate post-operative period. This will require early revision of the femoral component. PMID:29051875

  2. Defect structure of high temperature hydride vapor phase epitaxy-grown epitaxial (0 0 0 1) AlN/sapphire using growth mode modification process

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Su, Xujun; Zhang, Jicai; Huang, Jun; Zhang, Jinping; Wang, Jianfeng; Xu, Ke

    2017-06-01

    Defect structures were investigated by transmission electron microscopy for AlN/sapphire (0 0 0 1) epilayers grown by high temperature hydride vapor phase epitaxy using a growth mode modification process. The defect structures, including threading dislocations, inversion domains, and voids, were analyzed by diffraction contrast, high-resolution imaging, and convergent beam diffraction. AlN film growth was initiated at 1450 °C with high V/III ratio for 8 min. This was followed by low V/III ratio growth for 12 min. The near-interfacial region shows a high density of threading dislocations and inversion domains. Most of these dislocations have Burgers vector b = 1/3〈1 1 2 0〉 and were reduced with the formation of dislocation loops. In the middle range 400 nm < h < 2 μm, dislocations gradually aggregated and reduced to ∼109 cm-2. The inversion domains have a shuttle-like shape with staggered boundaries that deviate by ∼ ±5° from the c axis. Above 2 μm thickness, the film consists of isolated threading dislocations with a total density of 8 × 108 cm-2. Most of threading dislocations are either pure edge or mixed dislocations. The threading dislocation reduction in these films is associated with dislocation loops formation and dislocation aggregation-interaction during island growth with high V/III ratio.

  3. Evolution of the substructure of a novel 12% Cr steel under creep conditions

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Yadav, Surya Deo, E-mail: surya.yadav@tugraz.at; Kalácska, Szilvia, E-mail: kalacska@metal.elte.hu; Dománková, Mária, E-mail: maria.domankova@stuba.sk

    2016-05-15

    In this work we study the microstruture evolution of a newly developed 12% Cr martensitic/ferritic steel in as-received condition and after creep at 650 °C under 130 MPa and 80 MPa. The microstructure is described as consisting of mobile dislocations, dipole dislocations, boundary dislocations, precipitates, lath boundaries, block boundaries, packet boundaries and prior austenitic grain boundaries. The material is characterized employing light optical microscopy (LOM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). TEM is used to characterize the dislocations (mobile + dipole) inside the subgrains and XRD measurements are used tomore » the characterize mobile dislocations. Based on the subgrain boundary misorientations obtained from EBSD measurements, the boundary dislocation density is estimated. The total dislocation density is estimated for the as-received and crept conditions adding the mobile, boundary and dipole dislocation densities. Additionally, the subgrain size is estimated from the EBSD measurements. In this publication we propose the use of three characterization techniques TEM, XRD and EBSD as necessary to characterize all type of dislocations and quantify the total dislocation densty in martensitic/ferritic steels. - Highlights: • Creep properties of a novel 12% Cr steel alloyed with Ta • Experimental characterization of different types of dislocations: mobile, dipole and boundary • Characterization and interpretation of the substructure evolution using unique combination of TEM, XRD and EBSD.« less

  4. Massachusetts Beryllium Screening Program for Former Workers of Wyman-Gordon, Norton Abrasives, and MIT/Nuclear Metals

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Pepper, L. D.

    2008-05-21

    The overall objective of this project was to provide medical screening to former workers of Wyman-Gordon Company, Norton Abrasives, and MIT/Nuclear Metals (NMI) in order to prevent and minimize the health impact of diseases caused by site related workplace exposures to beryllium. The program was developed in response to a request by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) that had been authorized by Congress in Section 3162 of the 1993 Defense Authorization Act, urging the DOE to carry out a program for the identification and ongoing evaluation of current and former DOE employees who are subjected to significant health risksmore » during such employment." This program, funded by the DOE, was an amendment to the medical surveillance program for former DOE workers at the Nevada Test Site (NTS). This program's scope included workers who had worked for organizations that provided beryllium products or materials to the DOE as part of their nuclear weapons program. These organizations have been identified as Beryllium Vendors.« less

  5. Theory of interacting dislocations on cylinders.

    PubMed

    Amir, Ariel; Paulose, Jayson; Nelson, David R

    2013-04-01

    We study the mechanics and statistical physics of dislocations interacting on cylinders, motivated by the elongation of rod-shaped bacterial cell walls and cylindrical assemblies of colloidal particles subject to external stresses. The interaction energy and forces between dislocations are solved analytically, and analyzed asymptotically. The results of continuum elastic theory agree well with numerical simulations on finite lattices even for relatively small systems. Isolated dislocations on a cylinder act like grain boundaries. With colloidal crystals in mind, we show that saddle points are created by a Peach-Koehler force on the dislocations in the circumferential direction, causing dislocation pairs to unbind. The thermal nucleation rate of dislocation unbinding is calculated, for an arbitrary mobility tensor and external stress, including the case of a twist-induced Peach-Koehler force along the cylinder axis. Surprisingly rich phenomena arise for dislocations on cylinders, despite their vanishing Gaussian curvature.

  6. Quantitative analysis of dislocation arrangements induced by electromigration in a passivated Al (0.5 wt % Cu) interconnect

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Barabash, R. I.; Ice, G. E.; Tamura, N.; Valek, B. C.; Bravman, J. C.; Spolenak, R.; Patel, J. R.

    2003-05-01

    Electromigration during accelerated testing can induce plastic deformation in apparently undamaged Al interconnect lines as recently revealed by white beam scanning x-ray microdiffraction. In the present article, we provide a first quantitative analysis of the dislocation structure generated in individual micron-sized Al grains during an in situ electromigration experiment. Laue reflections from individual interconnect grains show pronounced streaking during the early stages of electromigration. We demonstrate that the evolution of the dislocation structure during electromigration is highly inhomogeneous and results in the formation of unpaired randomly distributed dislocations as well as geometrically necessary dislocation boundaries. Approximately half of all unpaired dislocations are grouped within the walls. The misorientation created by each boundary and density of unpaired individual dislocations is determined. The origin of the observed plastic deformation is considered in view of the constraints for dislocation arrangements under the applied electric field during electromigration.

  7. The role of Aboriginal family workers in delivering a child safety focused home visiting program for Aboriginal families in an urban region of NSW.

    PubMed

    Clapham, Kathleen; Bennett-Brook, Keziah; Hunter, Kate

    2018-05-09

    Aboriginal Australian children experience higher rates of injury than other Australian children. However few culturally acceptable programs have been developed or evaluated. The Illawarra Aboriginal Medical Service (IAMS) developed the Safe Homes Safe Kids program as an injury prevention program targeting disadvantaged Aboriginal families with children aged 0-5 in an urban region of NSW. Delivered by Aboriginal Family Workers the program aims to reduce childhood injury by raising awareness of safety in the home. A program evaluation was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the home visiting model as an injury prevention program. This paper reports on the qualitative interviews which explored the ways in which clients, IAMS staff, and external service providers experienced the program and assessed its delivery by the Aboriginal Family Workers. A qualitative program evaluation was conducted between January 2014 and June 2015. We report here on the semi-structured interviews undertaken with 34 individuals. The results show increased client engagement in the program; improved child safety knowledge and skills; increased access to services; improved attitudes to home and community safety; and changes in the home safety environment. Safe Homes Safe Kids provides a culturally appropriate child safety program delivered by Aboriginal Family Workers to vulnerable families. Clients, IAMS staff, and external service were satisfied with the family workers' delivery of the program and the holistic model of service provision. SO WHAT?: This promising program could be replicated in other Aboriginal health services to address unintentional injury to vulnerable Aboriginal children. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

  8. 49 CFR 236.1049 - Training specific to roadway workers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Training specific to roadway workers. 236.1049... Train Control Systems § 236.1049 Training specific to roadway workers. (a) Roadway worker training. Training required under this subpart for a roadway worker shall be integrated into the program of...

  9. Factors Affecting Participation of Displaced Workers in Retraining: A Literature Review.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Dean, Gary J.

    This document offers a selected review of literature relevant to retraining displaced workers. A description of the economic conditions leading to the displacement of workers, the nature and scope of the displaced worker problem, and factors potentially affecting displaced workers' participation in adult education and training programs is…

  10. 40 CFR 170.130 - Pesticide safety training for workers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Pesticide safety training for workers. 170.130 Section 170.130 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS WORKER PROTECTION STANDARD Standard for Workers § 170.130 Pesticide safety training for workers. (a) General requirement—(1)...

  11. 40 CFR 170.130 - Pesticide safety training for workers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 24 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Pesticide safety training for workers. 170.130 Section 170.130 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS WORKER PROTECTION STANDARD Standard for Workers § 170.130 Pesticide safety training for workers. (a) General requirement—(1)...

  12. Low-dislocation-density epitatial layers grown by defect filtering by self-assembled layers of spheres

    DOEpatents

    Wang, George T.; Li, Qiming

    2013-04-23

    A method for growing low-dislocation-density material atop a layer of the material with an initially higher dislocation density using a monolayer of spheroidal particles to bend and redirect or directly block vertically propagating threading dislocations, thereby enabling growth and coalescence to form a very-low-dislocation-density surface of the material, and the structures made by this method.

  13. Effects of dislocations on polycrystal anelasticity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sasaki, Y.; Takei, Y.; McCarthy, C.; Suzuki, A.

    2017-12-01

    Effects of dislocations on the seismic velocity and attenuation have been poorly understood, because only a few experimental studies have been performed [Guéguen et al., 1989; Farla et al., 2012]. By using organic borneol as a rock analogue, we measured dislocation-induced anelasticity accurately over a broad frequency range. We first measured the flow law of borneol aggregates by uniaxial compression tests under a confining pressure of 0.8 MPa. A transition from diffusion creep (n = 1) to dislocation creep (n = 5) was captured at about σ = 1 MPa (40°C-50°C). After deforming in the dislocation creep regime, sample microstructure showed irregular grain shape consistent with grain boundary migration. Next, we conducted three creep tests at σ = 0.27 MPa (diffusion creep regime), σ = 1.3 MPa and σ = 1.9 MPa (dislocation creep regime) on the same sample in increasing order, and measured Young's modulus E and attenuation Q-1 after each creep test by forced oscillation tests. The results show that as σ increased, E decreased and Q-1 increased. These changes induced by dislocations, however, almost fully recovered during the forced oscillation tests performed for about two weeks under a small stress (σ = 0.27 MPa) due to the dislocation recovery (annihilation). In order to constrain the time scale of the dislocation-induced anelastic relaxation, we further measured Young's modulus E at ultrasonic frequency before and after the dislocation creep and found that E at 106 Hz is not influenced by dislocations. Because E at 100 Hz is reduced by dislocations by 10%, the dislocation-induced anelastic relaxation occurs mostly between 102-106 Hz which is at a higher frequency than grain-boundary-induced anelasticity. To avoid dislocation recovery during the anelasticity measurement, we are now trying to perform an in-situ measurement of anelasticity while simultaneously deforming under a high stress associated with dislocation creep. The combination of persistent creep stress with small amplitude perturbations is similar to a seismic wave traveling through a region of active tectonic deformation.

  14. A workplace intervention program and the increase in HIV knowledge, perceived accessibility and use of condoms among young factory workers in Thailand.

    PubMed

    Chamratrithirong, Aphichat; Ford, Kathleen; Punpuing, Sureeporn; Prasartkul, Pramote

    2017-12-01

    Vulnerability to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection among factory workers is a global problem. This study investigated the effectiveness of an intervention to increase AIDS knowledge, perceived accessibility to condoms and condom use among young factory workers in Thailand. The intervention was a workplace program designed to engage the private sector in HIV prevention. A cross-sectional survey conducted in 2008 to measure program outcomes in factories in Thailand was used in this study. The workplace intervention included the development of policies for management of HIV-positive employees, training sessions for managers and workers, and distribution of educational materials and condoms. A multi-level analysis was used to investigate the effect of HIV/AIDS prevention program components at the workplace on HIV/AIDS knowledge, perceived accessibility to condoms and condom use with regular sexual partners among 699 young factory workers (aged 18-24 years), controlling for their individual socio-demographic characteristics. Interventions related to the management and services component including workplace AIDS policy formulation, condom services programs and behavioral change campaigns were found to be significantly related to increased AIDS knowledge, perceived accessibility to condoms and condom use with regular partners. The effect of the HIV/AIDS training for managers, peer leaders and workers was positive but not statistically significant. With some revision of program components, scaling up of workplace interventions and the engagement of the private sector in HIV prevention should be seriously considered.

  15. The effects of exercise reminder software program on office workers' perceived pain level, work performance and quality of life.

    PubMed

    Irmak, A; Bumin, G; Irmak, R

    2012-01-01

    In direct proportion to current technological developments, both the computer usage in the workplaces is increased and requirement of leaving the desk for an office worker in order to photocopy a document, send or receive an e-mail is decreased. Therefore, office workers stay in the same postures accompanied by long periods of keyboard usage. In recent years, with intent to reduce the incidence of work related musculoskeletal disorders several exercise reminder software programs have been developed. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the exercise reminder software program on office workers' perceived pain level, work performance and quality of life. 39 healthy office workers accepted to attend the study. Participants were randomly split in to two groups, control group (n = 19) and intervention group (n = 20). Visual Analogue Scale to evaluate the perceived pain was administered all of the participants in the beginning and at the end of the study. The intervention group used the program for 10 weeks. Findings showed that the control group VAS scores remained the same, but the intervention group VAS scores decreased in a statistically significant way (p < 0.01). Results support that such exercise reminder software programs may help to reduce perceived pain among office workers. Further long term studies with more subjects are needed to describe the effects of these programs and the mechanism under these effects.

  16. Evaluation of the national health surveillance program of workers previously exposed to asbestos in Spain (2008).

    PubMed

    Gómez, Montserrat García; Castañeda, Rosario; López, Vega García; Vidal, Manuel Martínez; Villanueva, Vicent; Espinosa, Mercedes Elvira

    2012-01-01

    Although asbestos was banned in Spain in 2001, monitoring the health of previously-exposed workers is required. In 2002 the Ministry of Health and the autonomous regions of Spain planned a health surveillance program for workers exposed to asbestos (Programa de Vigilancia de la Salud de los Trabajadores Expuestos al Amianto [PIVISTEA]) with employers' organizations, trade unions and scientific societies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the PIVISTEA to improve its effectiveness. A questionnaire with indicators for the year 2008 was sent to Spain's 17 autonomous regions, as well as to the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla. The results were analyzed by evaluating the compliance of each program with the activities established by the PIVISTEA. In December 2008, a total of 22,158 workers from 14 autonomous regions and 306 companies were included in the program. The program had been started in 88% of the regions but surveillance activities remained scarce in 24%. Fifty-seven percent of the autonomous regions (69% of the total number of workers) provided the information requested. Seven autonomous regions provided data on the relationship between the diseases found and asbestos exposure. Only 5% of these diseases entitled affected individuals to receive compensation for occupational diseases. The health surveillance of workers previously exposed to asbestos in Spain, as well as medical-legal recognition of diseases caused by exposure at work, remain in adequate. Although the trend is positive, the effectiveness of many regional programs is limited, and inter-regional inequalities among affected workers have been detected. Copyright © 2011 SESPAS. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.

  17. Atomistic simulations of dislocation pileup: Grain boundaries interaction

    DOE PAGES

    Wang, Jian

    2015-05-27

    Here, using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we studied the dislocation pileup–grain boundary (GB) interactions. Two Σ11 asymmetrical tilt grain boundaries in Al are studied to explore the influence of orientation relationship and interface structure on dislocation activities at grain boundaries. To mimic the reality of a dislocation pileup in a coarse-grained polycrystalline, we optimized the dislocation population in MD simulations and developed a predict-correct method to create a dislocation pileup in MD simulations. MD simulations explored several kinetic processes of dislocations–GB reactions: grain boundary sliding, grain boundary migration, slip transmission, dislocation reflection, reconstruction of grain boundary, and the correlation ofmore » these kinetic processes with the available slip systems across the GB and atomic structures of the GB.« less

  18. Split and sealing of dislocated pipes at the front of a growing crystal

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gutkin, M. Yu.; Sheinerman, A. G.

    2004-07-01

    A model is suggested for the split of dislocated pipes at the front a growing crystal. Within the model, the pipe split occurs through the generation of a dislocation semi-loop at the pipe and crystal surfaces and its subsequent expansion into the crystal interior. The strain energy of such a dislocation semi-loop as well as the stress field of a dislocated pipe perpendicular to a flat crystal surface are calculated. The parameter regions are determined at which the expansion of the dislocation semi-loop is energetically favorable and, thus, the pipe split becomes irreversible. A mechanism is proposed for the formation of a stable semi-loop resulting in the split and possible subsequent overgrowth of the dislocated pipe.

  19. Dislocation-Twin Boundary Interactions Induced Nanocrystalline via SPD Processing in Bulk Metals

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhang, Fucheng; Feng, Xiaoyong; Yang, Zhinan; Kang, Jie; Wang, Tiansheng

    2015-03-01

    This report investigated dislocation-twin boundary (TB) interactions that cause the TB to disappear and turn into a high-angle grain boundary (GB). The evolution of the microstructural characteristics of Hadfield steel was shown as a function of severe plastic deformation processing time. Sessile Frank partial dislocations and/or sessile unit dislocations were formed on the TB through possible dislocation reactions. These reactions induced atomic steps on the TB and led to the accumulation of gliding dislocations at the TB, which resulted in the transition from coherent TB to incoherent GB. The factors that affect these interactions were described, and a physical model was established to explain in detail the feasible dislocation reactions at the TB.

  20. Dislocation-twin boundary interactions induced nanocrystalline via SPD processing in bulk metals.

    PubMed

    Zhang, Fucheng; Feng, Xiaoyong; Yang, Zhinan; Kang, Jie; Wang, Tiansheng

    2015-03-11

    This report investigated dislocation-twin boundary (TB) interactions that cause the TB to disappear and turn into a high-angle grain boundary (GB). The evolution of the microstructural characteristics of Hadfield steel was shown as a function of severe plastic deformation processing time. Sessile Frank partial dislocations and/or sessile unit dislocations were formed on the TB through possible dislocation reactions. These reactions induced atomic steps on the TB and led to the accumulation of gliding dislocations at the TB, which resulted in the transition from coherent TB to incoherent GB. The factors that affect these interactions were described, and a physical model was established to explain in detail the feasible dislocation reactions at the TB.

  1. Investigation of threading dislocation blocking in strained-layer InGaAs/GaAs heterostructures using scanning cathodoluminescence microscopy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Russell, J. J.; Zou, J.; Moon, A. R.; Cockayne, D. J. H.

    2000-08-01

    Threading dislocation glide relieves strain in strained-layer heterostructures by increasing the total length of interface misfit dislocations. The blocking theory proposed by Freund [J. Appl. Phys. 68, 2073 (1990)] predicts the thickness above which gliding threading dislocations are able to overcome the resistance force produced by existing orthogonal misfit dislocations. A set of wedge-shaped samples of InxGa1-xAs/GaAs (x=0.04) strained-layer heterostructures was grown using molecular-beam epitaxy in order to test the theory of dislocation blocking over a range of thicknesses within one sample. Scanning cathodoluminescence microscopy techniques were used to image the misfit dislocations. The cathodoluminescence results confirm the model proposed by Freund.

  2. Sex workers in Vietnam: how many, how risky?

    PubMed

    Minh, Truong Tan; Nhan, Do Thi; West, Gary R; Durant, Tonji M; Jenkins, Richard A; Huong, Pham Thi; Valdiserri, Ronald O

    2004-10-01

    Because of concerns for HIV risks and need to plan effective programs, we assessed the number and risks of sex workers in Nha Trang City, Vietnam. Sex workers were contacted in streets, beaches, bars, and restaurants, and a capture-recapture method was used to estimate their number. An estimated 444 women worked on the streets and beach ("direct" sex workers) and 486 worked in bars and restaurants or other facilities ("indirect" sex workers). Direct and indirect sex workers engaged in sex work primarily to support their families. Direct sex workers were older and were more at risk for HIV risk than were indirect sex workers. Direct sex workers had more clients, were less likely to report always using condoms (67% vs. 81%), more likely to report a prior sexually transmitted infection (19% vs. 16%), and more likely to have clients who inject drugs (16% vs. 13%). This assessment has implications for planning programs to reduce sex work and its risks in Vietnam and potentially other countries.

  3. Bilateral spontaneous crystalline lens dislocation to the anterior chamber: a case report.

    PubMed

    Jovanović, Milos

    2013-01-01

    There are various reasons for the lens dislocation. Spontaneous dislocation of a clear lens is extremely rare, especially its dislocation to the anterior chamber. The author presents a case of spontaneous clear lens dislocation to the anterior chamber in both eyes in a patient without the history of any trauma. Dislocation occurred spontaneously, first in the left eye, along with a sudden decrease of vision. The ophthalmologist found a clear lens in the anterior chamber, without any sign of an elevated intraocular pressure, as should have been expected. The dislocated lens was removed surgically (intracapsular extraction) with the preventive basal iridectomy. Two years later, the same happened in the right eye: clear lens moved spontaneously to the anterior chamber, with a decrease of vision, but again without any rise of intraocular pressure and/or any pain. Intracapsular extraction of the lens with basal iridectomy was done again. The presented case demonstrates that spontaneous dislocation of the transparent lens to the eye anterior chamber can occur in both eyes at different time intervals. We suggest the removal of dislocated lens in the anterior chamber by the intracapsular extraction.

  4. Fast Fourier transform discrete dislocation dynamics

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Graham, J. T.; Rollett, A. D.; LeSar, R.

    2016-12-01

    Discrete dislocation dynamics simulations have been generally limited to modeling systems described by isotropic elasticity. Effects of anisotropy on dislocation interactions, which can be quite large, have generally been ignored because of the computational expense involved when including anisotropic elasticity. We present a different formalism of dislocation dynamics in which the dislocations are represented by the deformation tensor, which is a direct measure of the slip in the lattice caused by the dislocations and can be considered as an eigenstrain. The stresses arising from the dislocations are calculated with a fast Fourier transform (FFT) method, from which the forces are determined and the equations of motion are solved. Use of the FFTs means that the stress field is only available at the grid points, which requires some adjustments/regularizations to be made to the representation of the dislocations and the calculation of the force on individual segments, as is discussed hereinafter. A notable advantage of this approach is that there is no computational penalty for including anisotropic elasticity. We review the method and apply it in a simple dislocation dynamics calculation.

  5. Identical activation volumes of dislocation mobility in the [100](010) and [001](010) slip systems in natural olivine

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wang, Lin; Blaha, Stephan; Kawazoe, Takaaki; Miyajima, Nobuyoshi; Katsura, Tomoo

    2017-03-01

    Dislocation recovery experiments were performed on predeformed olivine single crystals at pressures of 2, 7 and 12 GPa and a constant temperature of 1650 K to determine the pressure dependence of the annihilation rate constants for [100](010) edge dislocation (a dislocation) and [001](010) screw dislocation (c dislocation). The constants of both types of dislocations are comparable within 0.3 orders of magnitude. The activation volumes of a and c dislocations are small and identical within error: 2.7 ± 0.2 and 2.5 ± 0.9 cm3/mol, respectively. These values are slightly larger and smaller than those of Si lattice and grain-boundary diffusions in olivine, respectively. The small and identical activation volumes for the a and c dislocations suggest that the pressure-induced fabric transition is unlikely in the asthenosphere. The decrease in seismic anisotropy with depth down in the asthenosphere may be caused by the fabric transition from A type or B type to AG type with decreasing stress with depth.

  6. Three-dimensional interaction and movements of various dislocations in anisotropic bicrystals with semicoherent interfaces

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Vattré, A.; Pan, E.

    2018-07-01

    Lattice dislocation interactions with semicoherent interfaces are investigated by means of anisotropic field solutions in metallic homo- and hetero-structures. The present framework is based on the mathematically elegant and computationally powerful Stroh formalism, combining further with the Fourier integral and series transforms, which cover different shapes and dimensions of various extrinsic and intrinsic dislocations. Two-dimensional equi-spaced arrays of straight lattice dislocations and finite arrangements of piled-up dislocations as well as any polygonal and elliptical dislocation loops in three dimensions are considered using a superposition scheme. Self, image and Peach-Koehler forces are derived to compute the equilibrium dislocation positions in pile-ups, including the internal structures and energetics of the interfacial dislocation networks. For illustration, the effects due to the elastic and misfit mismatches are discussed in the pure misfit Au/Cu and heterophase Cu/Nb systems, while discrepancies resulting from the approximation of isotropic elasticity are clearly exhibited. These numerical examples not only feature and enhance the existing works in anisotropic bimaterials, but also promote a novel opportunity of analyzing the equilibrium shapes of planar glide dislocation loops at nanoscale.

  7. Strengthening participation by young women sex workers in HIV programs: reflections on a study from Bangkok, Thailand.

    PubMed

    Conn, Cath; Modderman, Kristel; Nayar, Shoba

    2017-01-01

    Participation is an accepted means of increasing the effectiveness of public health programs, and as such, it is considered an important component of HIV interventions targeting at-risk youth. The situation of young women sex workers in Thailand is alarming on many fronts, including that of HIV risk. As a result, HIV programs in Thailand are the key interventions undertaken in relation to young women sex workers' health. A small-scale study used semistructured interviews to explore the participation reports of five young women sex workers, as well as the related views of two community support workers, who lived and worked in Bangkok, Thailand. This study is considered in the light of current research on - as well as new opportunities and challenges offered for - participation by vulnerable groups in the context of digital society. Thematic analysis of the interview data identified barriers to participation, including the illegality of sex work, fear, and lack of trust of the authorities, as well as widespread social stigma. Such barriers resulted in young women seeking anonymity. Yet, promisingly, young women positioned themselves as experts; they are involved in peer education and are supportive of greater involvement in HIV programs, such as further educational initiatives and collective actions. There is a need for a more empowerment-oriented participation practice positioning young women sex workers as expert educators and codecision makers within a model of participation that is also accountable, such as including young women as members of program boards. Beyond current norms, there are new opportunities emerging because of the increasing availability of smartphone/Internet technology. These can support activist and codesign participation by young women sex workers in HIV programs. However, any developments in participation must maximize opportunities carefully, taking into consideration the difficult social environment faced by young women sex workers as well as the need for strategies to address illegality and stigma.

  8. Patellofemoral Arthritis After Lateral Patellar Dislocation: A Matched Population-Based Analysis.

    PubMed

    Sanders, Thomas L; Pareek, Ayoosh; Johnson, Nicholas R; Stuart, Michael J; Dahm, Diane L; Krych, Aaron J

    2017-04-01

    The rate of patellofemoral arthritis after lateral patellar dislocation is unknown. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare the risk of patellofemoral arthritis and knee arthroplasty between patients who experienced a lateral patellar dislocation and matched individuals without a patellar dislocation. Additionally, factors predictive of arthritis after patellar dislocation were examined. The hypothesis was that the rate of arthritis is likely higher among patients who experience a patellar dislocation compared with those who do not. Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. In this study, 609 patients who had a first-time lateral patellar dislocation between 1990 and 2010 were compared with an age- and sex-matched cohort of patients who did not have a patellar dislocation. Medical records were reviewed to collect information related to the initial injury, recurrent dislocation, treatment, and progression to clinically significant patellofemoral arthritis (defined as symptoms with degenerative changes on patellar sunrise radiographs). Factors associated with arthritis (age, sex, recurrence, osteochondral injury, trochlear dysplasia) were examined. At a mean follow-up of 12.3 ± 6.5 years from initial dislocation, 58 patients (9.5%) in the dislocation cohort were diagnosed with patellofemoral arthritis, corresponding to a cumulative incidence of arthritis of 1.2% at 5 years, 2.7% at 10 years, 8.1% at 15 years, 14.8% at 20 years, and 48.9% at 25 years. In the control cohort, 8 patients (1.3%) were diagnosed with arthritis, corresponding to a cumulative incidence of arthritis of 0% at 5 years, 0% at 10 years, 1.3% at 15 years, 2.9% at 20 years, and 8.3% at 25 years. Therefore, patients who experienced a lateral patellar dislocation had a significantly higher risk of developing arthritis (hazard ratio [HR], 7.8; 95% CI, 3.9-17.6; P < .001) than individuals without a patellar dislocation. However, the risk of knee arthroplasty was similar between groups (HR, 2.8; 95% CI, 0.6-19.7; P = .2). Recurrent patellar dislocations (HR, 4.5; 95% CI, 1.6-12.6), osteochondral injury (HR, 11.3; 95% CI, 5.0-26.6), and trochlear dysplasia (HR, 3.6; 95% CI, 1.3-10.0) were associated with arthritis after patellar dislocation. Patellar dislocation is a significant risk factor for patellofemoral arthritis, as nearly half of patients have symptoms and radiographic changes consistent with arthritis at 25 years after lateral patellar dislocation. Osteochondral injury, recurrent patellar instability, and trochlear dysplasia are associated with the development of arthritis.

  9. 3-D Spherical Convection Modeling Applied to Mercury: Dislocation Versus Diffusion Rheology

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Robertson, S. D.; King, S. D.

    2016-12-01

    Mercury is the smallest among the terrestrial planets and, prior to NASA's MESSENGER mission was thought to be the least tectonically and volcanically active body. Gravity and moment of inertia from MESSENGER constrain Mercury to have a thin silicate mantle shell of approximately 400 km over a massive iron core. This mantle is thinner than previously thought and the smallest end-member in comparison with the other terrestrial planets. Although Mercury currently has a stagnant lid and the present day mantle is likely not convecting, a significant proportion of Mercury's surface features could have been derived from convection in the viscous mantle. Given Mercury's small size, the amount of volcanism and tectonic activity was a surprise. We investigate the effect of dislocation creep rheology in olivine on the dynamics of Mercury. At the pressures and temperatures of Mercury's mantle, laboratory creep studies indicate that olivine deforms by dislocation creep. Previous studies using diffusion creep rheology find that the thin mantle shell of Mercury quickly becomes diffusive and, this is difficult to reconcile with the surface observations. We use the three-dimensional spherical code, CitcomS, to compare numerical models with both dislocation and diffusion creep. We compare gravity, topography, and mantle temperature as a function of time from the models with constraints on the timing of volcanic and tectonic activity on Mercury. The results show that with the dislocation creep mechanism, there is potential for convective flow in the mantle over billions of years. In contrast, models with the diffusion creep mechanism start with a convecting mantle that transitions to global diffusive cooling within 500 Myrs. Diffusion creep rheology does not adequately produce a dynamic interior that is consistent with the historical volcanic and tectonic evolution of the planet. This research is the result of participation in GLADE, a nine-week summer REU program directed by Dave Stegman (SIO/UCSD).

  10. Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Structure and Properties of Dislocations in Semiconductors (6th) held in Oxford (England) 5-8 April 1989: Structure and Properties of Dislocations in Semiconductors 1989

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-04-08

    now good experimental data on the effects of impurities, including locking by non-electrical xii Preface impurities, and the effect of electrically... locks which result from the interaction of the gliding dislocations. As a matter of fact, these dislocation configurations look similar to those...loop on the go° partial. Structure of grain boundaries and dislocations 3 2.2. Lomer-Cottrell lock : a/2>. Two 60’ dislocations can react and give

  11. Debye screening of dislocations.

    PubMed

    Groma, I; Györgyi, G; Kocsis, B

    2006-04-28

    Debye-like screening by edge dislocations of some externally given stress is studied by means of a variational approach to coarse grained field theory. Explicitly given are the force field and the induced geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) distribution, in the special case of a single glide axis in 2D, for (i) a single edge dislocation and (ii) a dislocation wall. Numerical simulation demonstrates that the correlation in relaxed dislocation configurations is in good agreement with the induced GND in case (i). Furthermore, the result (ii) well predicts the experimentally observed decay length for the GND developing close to grain boundaries.

  12. Te homogeneous precipitation in Ge dislocation loop vicinity

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Perrin Toinin, J.; Portavoce, A., E-mail: alain.portavoce@im2np.fr; Texier, M.

    2016-06-06

    High resolution microscopies were used to study the interactions of Te atoms with Ge dislocation loops, after a standard n-type doping process in Ge. Te atoms neither segregate nor precipitate on dislocation loops, but form Te-Ge clusters at the same depth as dislocation loops, in contradiction with usual dopant behavior and thermodynamic expectations. Atomistic kinetic Monte Carlo simulations show that Te atoms are repulsed from dislocation loops due to elastic interactions, promoting homogeneous Te-Ge nucleation between dislocation loops. This phenomenon is enhanced by coulombic interactions between activated Te{sup 2+} or Te{sup 1+} ions.

  13. [Health surveillance of workers with prior exposure to asbestos. Application in the metallurgy/metal mechanical field].

    PubMed

    Rivolta, G; Della Foglia, M; Donelli, S; Riboldi, L

    2006-01-01

    To improve the health surveillance program for workers with a known previous exposure to asbestos in a big metallurgic-mechanical industry from Lombardy, the sources of risk and the different exposure levels hare been reconstructed based on specific jobs. The eligibility criteria and a specific work program including information and organization supports hare been established by a work group composed by health physicians, workers and industrial hygienists. The major goals of the program were: to listen and support each worker who perceives worries about his health status; to prevent, if possible, diseases, especially cancer, resulting from exposure; to document the existing injuries for legal compensation. The resulting actions consist of counselling; indication to follow an adequate life and work style; indication, based on specific request of worker, of sanitary checks of first or eventually second level.

  14. Using hazard maps to identify and eliminate workplace hazards: a union-led health and safety training program.

    PubMed

    Anderson, Joe; Collins, Michele; Devlin, John; Renner, Paul

    2012-01-01

    The Institute for Sustainable Work and Environment and the Utility Workers Union of America worked with a professional evaluator to design, implement, and evaluate the results of a union-led system of safety-based hazard identification program that trained workers to use hazard maps to identify workplace hazards and target them for elimination. The evaluation documented program implementation and impact using data collected from both qualitative interviews and an on-line survey from worker trainers, plant managers, and health and safety staff. Managers and workers reported that not only were many dangerous hazards eliminated as a result of hazard mapping, some of which were long-standing, difficult-to-resolve issues, but the evaluation also documented improved communication between union members and management that both workers and managers agreed resulted in better, more sustainable hazard elimination.

  15. Shaping the future: ten years of the occupational health internship program.

    PubMed

    Delp, Linda; Riley, Kevin; Jacobs, Sarah; Bush, Diane; Kirkland, Katherine; Denis, Ingrid; London, Matt; Harrison, Robert

    2013-01-01

    The Occupational Health Internship Program (OHIP) was initiated in 2003 to recruit a new, diverse generation of occupational safety and health (OSH) professionals and to advance OSH within union and community-based initiatives. It retains the principles of the original OCAW/Montefiore internship program while adapting to the changed landscape of the 21st-century workplace. Case studies of OHIP projects illustrate how students have contributed to key OSH policies-to regulate silica exposure among construction workers, apply principles of green chemistry with Vietnamese nail salon workers, and integrate OSH into "green" jobs in the recycling industry. They have supported innovative campaigns with immigrant workers in contingent jobs-from taxi drivers to warehouse workers. The students, in turn, have been inspired to enter the OSH arena as professionals and worker advocates with the potential to contribute new energy to an OSH movement.

  16. Migrant Workers.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Social and Labour Bulletin, 1983

    1983-01-01

    Discusses a new German law to encourage foreign workers to return to their home countries, employment exchanges for young foreigners in Germany, and a training program for migrant workers in India. (SK)

  17. Reducing stigma in healthcare and law enforcement: a novel approach to service provision for street level sex workers.

    PubMed

    Bodkin, Kate; Delahunty-Pike, Alannah; O'Shea, Tim

    2015-04-09

    Providing services for street level sex workers requires a multidisciplinary approach, addressing both health and safety concerns typical of their age and gender and those that arise specific to their line of work. Despite being a diverse population, studies have identified some specific health needs for sex workers including addictions treatment, mental health. Additionally, studies have shown a higher risk of physical and sexual assault for this population. The Persons at Risk program (PAR) in London, Ontario, Canada was started in 2005 to address the specific needs of street level sex workers by using a harm-reduction model for policing and healthcare provision. This qualitative study evaluated this model of care in terms of improving access to healthcare and essential police services for street level sex workers. A total of 14 semi-structured interviews were conducted with current and former female street level sex workers enrolled in the PAR program. In addition, 3 semi-structured interviews were conducted with health and law enforcement professionals. The research team then analyzed and coded the transcripts using qualitative description to identify key themes in the data. Results indicated that participants represent a vulnerable population with increased safety concerns and healthcare needs relating to addictions, mental health and infectious disease. Despite this, participants reported avoiding healthcare workers and police officers in the past because of fear of stigma or repercussions. All participants identified the harm reduction approach of the PAR program as being essential to their continued engagement with the program. Other important aspects included flexible hours, the location of the clinic, streamlined access to mental health and addictions treatment and the female gender of the police and healthcare worker. The PAR program provides sex workers access to much needed primary healthcare that is flexible and without judgment. In addition, they are provided with a direct avenue to access law enforcement. We feel a similar model of care could be applicable to many cities across Canada.

  18. A Guide to the Design of Occupational Safety and Health Training for Immigrant, Latino/a Dairy Workers.

    PubMed

    Menger, Lauren M; Rosecrance, John; Stallones, Lorann; Roman-Muniz, Ivette Noami

    2016-01-01

    Industrialized dairy production in the U.S. relies on an immigrant, primarily Latino/a, workforce to meet greater production demands. Given the high rates of injuries and illnesses on U.S. dairies, there is pressing need to develop culturally appropriate training to promote safe practices among immigrant, Latino/a dairy workers. To date, there have been few published research articles or guidelines specific to developing effective occupational safety and health (OSH) training for immigrant, Latino/a workers in the dairy industry. Literature relevant to safety training for immigrant workers in agriculture and other high-risk industries (e.g., construction) was examined to identify promising approaches. The aim of this paper is to provide a practical guide for researchers and practitioners involved in the design and implementation of effective OSH training programs for immigrant, Latino/a workers in the dairy industry. The search was restricted to peer-reviewed academic journals and guidelines published between 1980 and 2015 by universities or extension programs, written in English, and related to health and safety training among immigrant, Latino/a workers within agriculture and other high-risk industries. Relevant recommendations regarding effective training transfer were also included from literature in the field of industrial-organizational psychology. A total of 97 articles were identified, of which 65 met the inclusion criteria and made a unique and significant contribution. The review revealed a number of promising strategies for how to effectively tailor health and safety training for immigrant, Latino/a workers in the dairy industry grouped under five main themes: (1) understanding and involving workers; (2) training content and materials; (3) training methods; (4) maximizing worker engagement; and (5) program evaluation. The identification of best practices in the design and implementation of training programs for immigrant, Latino/a workers within agriculture and other high-risk industries can inform the development of more effective and sustainable health and safety training for immigrant, Latino/a dairy workers in the U.S. and other countries.

  19. Labor education programs in health and safety.

    PubMed

    Wallerstein, N; Baker, R

    1994-01-01

    Labor health and safety programs encourage workers to take an active part in making the workplace safe. The authors describe the growing need for preparing workers to participate in prevention efforts, the role of training in addressing this need, educational principles and traditions that contribute to empowerment education, and a step-by-step process that is required to achieve the goals of worker involvement and empowerment.

  20. Study of the dislocation contribution to the internal friction background of gold

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Baur, J.; Benoit, W.

    1987-04-01

    The dislocation contribution to the internal friction (IF) background is studied in annealed gold samples containing various dilute concentrations of platinum impurities. The measurements are performed in the kHz frequency range in order to determine the loss mechanism responsible for the high IF background observed at these low frequencies. To this end, the IF background was systematically measured as a function of frequency, vibration amplitude, temperature, and impurity concentration. The experimental results show that the high dislocation contribution observed in annealed samples is strain-amplitude independent for amplitudes in the range 10-7 to 2×10-6, but rapidly decreases for amplitudes smaller than 10-7. In particular, the dislocation contribution tends to zero when the strain amplitude tends to zero. Furthermore, this contribution is frequency independent. These observations demonstrate that the dislocation contribution cannot be explained by relaxations. In particular, this contribution cannot be attributed to a viscous damping of the dislocation motion. On the contrary, the experiments show that the IF background due to dislocations must be explained by hysteretic and athermal motions of dislocations interacting with point defects. However, these hysteretic motions are not due to breakaway of dislocations from pinning points distributed along their length. The experimental results can be explained by the presence of point defects close to the dislocations, but not on them. The mechanical energy loss is attributed to hysteretic motions of dislocations between potential minima created by point defects.

  1. Dislocation substructure of mantle-derived olivine as revealed by selective chemical etching and transmission electron microscopy

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Kirby, S.H.; Wegner, M.W.

    1978-01-01

    Cleaved and mechanically polished surfaces of olivine from peridotite xenoliths from San Carlos, Arizona, were chemically etched using the techniques of Wegner and Christie (1974). Dislocation etch pits are produced on all surface orientations and they tend to be preferentially aligned along the traces of subgrain boundaries, which are approximately parallel to (100), (010), and (001). Shallow channels were also produced on (010) surfaces and represent dislocations near the surface that are etched out along their lengths. The dislocation etch channel loops are often concentric, and emanate from (100) subgrain boundaries, which suggests that dislocation sources are in the boundaries. Data on subgrain misorientation and dislocation line orientation and arguments based on subgrain boundary energy minimization are used to characterize the dislocation structures of the subgrain boundaries. (010) subgrain boundaries are of the twist type, composed of networks of [100] and [001] screw dislocations. Both (100) and (001) subgrain boundaries are tilt walls composed of arrays of edge dislocation with Burgers vectors b=[100] and [001], respectively. The inferred slip systems are {001} ???100???, {100} ???001???, and {010} ???100??? in order of diminishing importance. Exploratory transmission electron microscopy is in accord with these identifications. The flow stresses associated with the development of the subgrain structure are estimated from the densities of free dislocations and from the subgrain dimensions. Inferred stresses range from 35 to 75 bars using the free dislocation densities and 20 to 100 bars using the subgrain sizes. ?? 1978 Springer-Verlag.

  2. 76 FR 10070 - Division of Coal Mine Workers' Compensation; Proposed Extension of Existing Collection; Comment...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-02-23

    ... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Office of Workers' Compensation Programs Division of Coal Mine Workers... Rereading (CM-933b), Medical History and Examination for Coal Mine Workers' Pneumoconiosis (CM-988), Report... interpretation of x-rays. When a miner applies for benefits, the Division of Coal Mine Workers' Compensation...

  3. Prediction of dislocation generation during Bridgman growth of GaAs crystals

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Tsai, C. T.; Yao, M. W.; Chait, Arnon

    1992-01-01

    Dislocation densities are generated in GaAs single crystals due to the excessive thermal stresses induced by temperature variations during growth. A viscoplastic material model for GaAs, which takes into account the movement and multiplication of dislocations in the plastic deformation, is developed according to Haasen's theory. The dislocation density is expressed as an internal state variable in this dynamic viscoplastic model. The deformation process is a nonlinear function of stress, strain rate, dislocation density and temperature. The dislocation density in the GaAs crystal during vertical Bridgman growth is calculated using a nonlinear finite element model. The dislocation multiplication in GaAs crystals for several temperature fields obtained from thermal modeling of both the GTE GaAs experimental data and artificially designed data are investigated.

  4. Prediction of dislocation generation during Bridgman growth of GaAs crystals

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tsai, C. T.; Yao, M. W.; Chait, Arnon

    1992-11-01

    Dislocation densities are generated in GaAs single crystals due to the excessive thermal stresses induced by temperature variations during growth. A viscoplastic material model for GaAs, which takes into account the movement and multiplication of dislocations in the plastic deformation, is developed according to Haasen's theory. The dislocation density is expressed as an internal state variable in this dynamic viscoplastic model. The deformation process is a nonlinear function of stress, strain rate, dislocation density and temperature. The dislocation density in the GaAs crystal during vertical Bridgman growth is calculated using a nonlinear finite element model. The dislocation multiplication in GaAs crystals for several temperature fields obtained from thermal modeling of both the GTE GaAs experimental data and artificially designed data are investigated.

  5. Movement of basal plane dislocations in GaN during electron beam irradiation

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Yakimov, E. B.; National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Leninskiy pr. 4, Moscow 119049; Vergeles, P. S.

    The movement of basal plane segments of dislocations in low-dislocation-density GaN films grown by epitaxial lateral overgrowth as a result of irradiation with the probing beam of a scanning electron microscope was detected by means of electron beam induced current. Only a small fraction of the basal plane dislocations was susceptible to such changes and the movement was limited to relatively short distances. The effect is explained by the radiation enhanced dislocation glide for dislocations pinned by two different types of pinning sites: a low-activation-energy site and a high-activation-energy site. Only dislocation segments pinned by the former sites can bemore » moved by irradiation and only until they meet the latter pinning sites.« less

  6. Removal of restrictions following primary THA with posterolateral approach does not increase the risk of early dislocation.

    PubMed

    Gromov, Kirill; Troelsen, Anders; Otte, Kristian Stahl; Ørsnes, Thue; Ladelund, Steen; Husted, Henrik

    2015-01-01

    Patient education and mobilization restrictions are often used in an attempt to reduce the risk of dislocation following primary THA. To date, there have been no studies investigating the safety of removal of mobilization restrictions following THA performed using a posterolateral approach. In this retrospective non-inferiority study, we investigated the rate of early dislocation following primary THA in an unselected patient cohort before and after removal of postoperative mobilization restrictions. From the Danish National Health Registry, we identified patients with early dislocation in 2 consecutive and unselected cohorts of patients who received primary THA at our institution from 2004 through 2008 (n = 946) and from 2010 through 2014 (n = 1,329). Patients in the first cohort were mobilized with functional restrictions following primary THA whereas patients in the second cohort were allowed unrestricted mobilization. Risk of early dislocation (within 90 days) was compared in the 2 groups and odds ratio (OR)-adjusted for possible confounders-was calculated. Reasons for early dislocation in the 2 groups were identified. When we adjusted for potential confounders, we found no increased risk of early dislocation within 90 days in patients who were mobilized without restrictions. Risk of dislocation within 90 days was lower (3.4% vs 2.8%), risk of dislocation within 30 days was lower (2.1% vs 2.0%), and risk of multiple dislocations (1.8% vs 1.1%) was lower in patients who were mobilized without restrictions, but not statistically significantly so. Increasing age was an independent risk factor for dislocation. Removal of mobilization restrictions from the mobilization protocol following primary THA performed with a posterolateral approach did not lead to an increased risk of dislocation within 90 days.

  7. Theory of electron–phonon–dislon interacting system—toward a quantized theory of dislocations

    DOE PAGES

    Li, Mingda; Tsurimaki, Yoichiro; Meng, Qingping; ...

    2018-02-05

    In this paper, we provide a comprehensive theoretical framework to study how crystal dislocations influence the functional properties of materials, based on the idea of a quantized dislocation, namely a 'dislon'. In contrast to previous work on dislons which focused on exotic phenomenology, here we focus on their theoretical structure and computational power. We first provide a pedagogical introduction that explains the necessity and benefits of taking the dislon approach and why the dislon Hamiltonian takes its current form. Then, we study the electron–dislocation and phonon–dislocation scattering problems using the dislon formalism. Both the effective electron and phonon theories aremore » derived, from which the role of dislocations on electronic and phononic transport properties is computed. Compared with traditional dislocation scattering studies, which are intrinsically single-particle, low-order perturbation and classical quenched defect in nature, the dislon theory not only allows easy incorporation of quantum many-body effects such as electron correlation, electron–phonon interaction, and higher-order scattering events, but also allows proper consideration of the dislocation's long-range strain field and dynamic aspects on equal footing for arbitrary types of straight-line dislocations. This means that instead of developing individual models for specific dislocation scattering problems, the dislon theory allows for the calculation of electronic structure and electrical transport, thermal transport, optical and superconducting properties, etc, under one unified theory. Furthermore, the dislon theory has another advantage over empirical models in that it requires no fitting parameters. The dislon theory could serve as a major computational tool to understand the role of dislocations on multiple materials' functional properties at an unprecedented level of clarity, and may have wide applications in dislocated energy materials.« less

  8. Theory of electron–phonon–dislon interacting system—toward a quantized theory of dislocations

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Li, Mingda; Tsurimaki, Yoichiro; Meng, Qingping

    In this paper, we provide a comprehensive theoretical framework to study how crystal dislocations influence the functional properties of materials, based on the idea of a quantized dislocation, namely a 'dislon'. In contrast to previous work on dislons which focused on exotic phenomenology, here we focus on their theoretical structure and computational power. We first provide a pedagogical introduction that explains the necessity and benefits of taking the dislon approach and why the dislon Hamiltonian takes its current form. Then, we study the electron–dislocation and phonon–dislocation scattering problems using the dislon formalism. Both the effective electron and phonon theories aremore » derived, from which the role of dislocations on electronic and phononic transport properties is computed. Compared with traditional dislocation scattering studies, which are intrinsically single-particle, low-order perturbation and classical quenched defect in nature, the dislon theory not only allows easy incorporation of quantum many-body effects such as electron correlation, electron–phonon interaction, and higher-order scattering events, but also allows proper consideration of the dislocation's long-range strain field and dynamic aspects on equal footing for arbitrary types of straight-line dislocations. This means that instead of developing individual models for specific dislocation scattering problems, the dislon theory allows for the calculation of electronic structure and electrical transport, thermal transport, optical and superconducting properties, etc, under one unified theory. Furthermore, the dislon theory has another advantage over empirical models in that it requires no fitting parameters. The dislon theory could serve as a major computational tool to understand the role of dislocations on multiple materials' functional properties at an unprecedented level of clarity, and may have wide applications in dislocated energy materials.« less

  9. Computational issues in the simulation of two-dimensional discrete dislocation mechanics

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Segurado, J.; LLorca, J.; Romero, I.

    2007-06-01

    The effect of the integration time step and the introduction of a cut-off velocity for the dislocation motion was analysed in discrete dislocation dynamics (DD) simulations of a single crystal microbeam. Two loading modes, bending and uniaxial tension, were examined. It was found that a longer integration time step led to a progressive increment of the oscillations in the numerical solution, which would eventually diverge. This problem could be corrected in the simulations carried out in bending by introducing a cut-off velocity for the dislocation motion. This strategy (long integration times and a cut-off velocity for the dislocation motion) did not recover, however, the solution computed with very short time steps in uniaxial tension: the dislocation density was overestimated and the dislocation patterns modified. The different response to the same numerical algorithm was explained in terms of the nature of the dislocations generated in each case: geometrically necessary in bending and statistically stored in tension. The evolution of the dislocation density in the former was controlled by the plastic curvature of the beam and was independent of the details of the simulations. On the contrary, the steady-state dislocation density in tension was determined by the balance between nucleation of dislocations and those which are annihilated or which exit the beam. Changes in the DD imposed by the cut-off velocity altered this equilibrium and the solution. These results point to the need for detailed analyses of the accuracy and stability of the dislocation dynamic simulations to ensure that the results obtained are not fundamentally affected by the numerical strategies used to solve this complex problem.

  10. Service quality assessment of workers compensation health care delivery programs in New York using SERVQUAL.

    PubMed

    Arunasalam, Mark; Paulson, Albert; Wallace, William

    2003-01-01

    Preferred provider organizations (PPOs) provide healthcare services to an expanding proportion of the U.S. population. This paper presents a programmatic assessment of service quality in the workers' compensation environment using two different models: the PPO program model and the fee-for-service (FFS) payor model. The methodology used here will augment currently available research in workers' compensation, which has been lacking in measuring service quality determinants and assessing programmatic success/failure of managed care type programs. Results indicated that the SERVQUAL tool provided a reliable and valid clinical quality assessment tool that ascertained that PPO marketers should focus on promoting physician outreach (to show empathy) and accessibility (to show reliability) for injured workers.

  11. Non-Traumatic Anterior Dislocation of a Total Knee Replacement Associated with Neurovascular Injury

    PubMed Central

    Aderinto, Joseph; Gross, Allan E; Rittenhouse, Bryan

    2009-01-01

    Prosthetic total knee replacements rarely dislocate. When dislocation does occur, it is usually in a posterior direction in association with a posterior stabilised, cruciate-sacrificing prosthesis. Neurovascular injury is unusual. In this report, we describe a case of anterior dislocation of a cruciate-retaining total knee replacement in a 67-year-old woman. The dislocation occurred in the absence of overt trauma and resulted in severe neurovascular injury. PMID:19686618

  12. Posterior dislocation following revision total knee replacement arthroplasty: a case report and literature analysis.

    PubMed

    Lee, Ho Min; Kim, Jong Pil; Chung, Phil Hyun; Kang, Suk; Kim, Young Sung; Go, Bo Seong

    2018-05-24

    Knee dislocation following total knee replacement arthroplasty is a rare but serious complication. The incidence of dislocation following primary total knee arthroplasty with posterior stabilized implants ranges from 0.15 to 0.5%, and posterior dislocation after revision total knee arthroplasty is even rarer. Here, we report the case of a 76-year-old male who presented with posterior dislocation after posterior stabilized revision total knee arthroplasty.

  13. Pyramidal dislocation induced strain relaxation in hexagonal structured InGaN/AlGaN/GaN multilayer

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yan, P. F.; Du, K.; Sui, M. L.

    2012-10-01

    Due to the special dislocation slip systems in hexagonal lattice, dislocation dominated deformations in hexagonal structured multilayers are significantly different from that in cubic structured systems. In this work, we have studied the strain relaxation mechanism in hexagonal structured InGaN/AlGaN/GaN multilayers with transmission electron microscopy. Due to lattice mismatch, the strain relaxation was found initiated with the formation of pyramidal dislocations. Such dislocations locally lie at only one preferential slip direction in the hexagonal lattice. This preferential slip causes a shear stress along the basal planes and consequently leads to dissociation of pyramidal dislocations and operation of the basal plane slip system. The compressive InGaN layers and "weak" AlGaN/InGaN interfaces stimulate the dissociation of pyramidal dislocations at the interfaces. These results enhance the understanding of interactions between dislocations and layer interfaces and shed new lights on deformation mechanism in hexagonal-lattice multilayers.

  14. Atomic-scale dynamics of edge dislocations in Ni and concentrated solid solution NiFe alloys

    DOE PAGES

    Zhao, Shijun; Osetsky, Yuri N.; Zhang, Yanwen; ...

    2017-01-19

    Single-phase concentrated solid solution alloys (CSAs), including high entropy alloys, exhibit excellent mechanical properties compared to conventional dilute alloys. However, the origin of this observation is not clear yet because the dislocation properties in CSAs are poorly understood. In this work, the mobility of a <110>{111} edge dislocation in pure Ni and equiatomic solid solution Ni 0.5Fe 0.5 (NiFe) is studied using molecular dynamics simulations with different empirical potentials. The threshold stress to initiate dislocation movement in NiFe is found to be much higher compared to pure Ni. The drag coefficient of the dislocation motion calculated from the linear regimemore » of dislocation velocities versus applied stress suggests that the movement of dislocations in NiFe is strongly damped compared to that in Ni. The present results indicate that the mobility of edge dislocations in fcc CSAs are controlled by the fluctuations in local stacking fault energy caused by the local variation of alloy composition.« less

  15. Computational modelling of mesoscale dislocation patterning and plastic deformation of single crystals

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Xia, Shengxu; El-Azab, Anter

    2015-07-01

    We present a continuum dislocation dynamics model that predicts the formation of dislocation cell structure in single crystals at low strains. The model features a set of kinetic equations of the curl type that govern the space and time evolution of the dislocation density in the crystal. These kinetic equations are coupled to stress equilibrium and deformation kinematics using the eigenstrain approach. A custom finite element method has been developed to solve the coupled system of equations of dislocation kinetics and crystal mechanics. The results show that, in general, dislocations self-organize in patterns under their mutual interactions. However, the famous dislocation cell structure has been found to form only when cross slip is implemented in the model. Cross slip is also found to lower the yield point, increase the hardening rate, and sustain an increase in the dislocation density over the hardening regime. Analysis of the cell structure evolution reveals that the average cell size decreases with the applied stress, which is consistent with the similitude principle.

  16. Pipe and grain boundary diffusion of He in UO 2

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Galvin, C. O.T.; Cooper, M. W. D.; Fossati, P. C. M.

    Molecular dynamics simulations have been conducted to study the effects of dislocations and grain boundaries on He diffusion inmore » $$\\text{U}{{\\text{O}}_{2}}$$ . Calculations were carried out for the {100}, {110} and {111} $$\\langle 1\\,1\\,0\\rangle $$ edge dislocations, the screw $$\\langle 1\\,1\\,0\\rangle $$ dislocation and Σ5, Σ13, Σ19 and Σ25 tilt grain boundaries. He diffusivity as a function of distance from the dislocation core and grain boundaries was investigated for the temperature range 2300–3000 K. An enhancement in diffusivity was predicted within 20 Å of the dislocations or grain boundaries. Further investigation showed that He diffusion in the edge dislocations follows anisotropic behaviour along the dislocation core, suggesting that pipe diffusion occurs. Here, an Arrhenius plot of He diffusivity against the inverse of temperature was also presented and the activation energy calculated for each structure, as a function of distance from the dislocation or grain boundary.« less

  17. Ultrasonic Study of Dislocation Dynamics in Lithium -

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Han, Myeong-Deok

    1987-09-01

    Experimental studies of dislocation dynamics in LiF single crystals, using ultrasonic techniques combined with dynamic loading, were performed to investigate the time evolution of the plastic deformation process under a short stress pulse at room temperature, and the temperature dependence of the dislocation damping mechanism in the temperature range 25 - 300(DEGREES)K. From the former, the time dependence of the ultrasonic attenuation was understood as resulting from dislocation multiplication followed by the evolution of mobile dislocations to immobile ones under large stress. From the latter, the temperature dependence of the ultrasonic attenuation was interpreted as due to the motion of the dislocation loops overcoming the periodic Peierls potential barrier in a manner analogous to the motion of a thermalized sine-Gordon chain under a small stress. The Peierls stress obtained from the experimental results by application of Seeger's relaxation model with exponential dislocation length distribution was 4.26MPa, which is consistent with the lowest stress for the linear relation between the dislocation velocity and stress observed by Flinn and Tinder.

  18. Chronic bilateral dislocation of temporomandibular joint.

    PubMed

    Shakya, S; Ongole, R; Sumanth, K N; Denny, C E

    2010-01-01

    Dislocation of the condyle of the mandible is a common condition that may occur in an acute or chronic form. It is characterised by inability to close the mouth with or without pain. Dislocation has to be differentiated from subluxation which is a self reducible condition. Dislocation can occur in any direction with anterior dislocation being the commonest one. Various predisposing factors have been associated with dislocation like muscle fatigue and spasm, the defect in the bony surface like shallow articular eminence, and laxity of the capsular ligament. People with defect in collagen synthesis like Ehler Danlos syndrome, Marfan syndrome are said to be genetically predisposed to this condition. Various treatment modalities have been used ranging from conservative techniques to surgical methods. Acute dislocations can be reduced manually or with conservative approach and recurrent and chronic cases can be reduced by surgical intervention. Though the dislocation in our case was 4 months a simple manual reduction proved to be successful. We believe that manual reduction can be attempted as first line of treatment prior to surgical intervention.

  19. Period-doubling reconstructions of semiconductor partial dislocations

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Park, Ji -Sang; Huang, Bing; Wei, Su -Huai

    2015-09-18

    Atomic-scale understanding and control of dislocation cores is of great technological importance, because they act as recombination centers for charge carriers in optoelectronic devices. Using hybrid density-functional calculations, we present period-doubling reconstructions of a 90 degrees partial dislocation in GaAs, for which the periodicity of like-atom dimers along the dislocation line varies from one to two, to four dimers. The electronic properties of a dislocation change drastically with each period doubling. The dimers in the single-period dislocation are able to interact, to form a dispersive one-dimensional band with deep-gap states. However, the inter-dimer interaction for the double-period dislocation becomes significantlymore » reduced; hence, it is free of mid-gap states. The Ga core undergoes a further period-doubling transition to a quadruple-period reconstruction induced by the formation of small hole polarons. In conclusion, the competition between these dislocation phases suggests a new passivation strategy via population manipulation of the detrimental single-period phase.« less

  20. Pipe and grain boundary diffusion of He in UO 2

    DOE PAGES

    Galvin, C. O.T.; Cooper, M. W. D.; Fossati, P. C. M.; ...

    2016-10-12

    Molecular dynamics simulations have been conducted to study the effects of dislocations and grain boundaries on He diffusion inmore » $$\\text{U}{{\\text{O}}_{2}}$$ . Calculations were carried out for the {100}, {110} and {111} $$\\langle 1\\,1\\,0\\rangle $$ edge dislocations, the screw $$\\langle 1\\,1\\,0\\rangle $$ dislocation and Σ5, Σ13, Σ19 and Σ25 tilt grain boundaries. He diffusivity as a function of distance from the dislocation core and grain boundaries was investigated for the temperature range 2300–3000 K. An enhancement in diffusivity was predicted within 20 Å of the dislocations or grain boundaries. Further investigation showed that He diffusion in the edge dislocations follows anisotropic behaviour along the dislocation core, suggesting that pipe diffusion occurs. Here, an Arrhenius plot of He diffusivity against the inverse of temperature was also presented and the activation energy calculated for each structure, as a function of distance from the dislocation or grain boundary.« less

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