Sample records for dr ed weiler

  1. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - NASA’s Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science, speaks to employees and guests during the rollout at KSC of the Agency initiative One NASA . The event was held at the IMAX Theater®. Explaining how their respective centers contribute to One NASA, along with Weiler, were KSC Director Jim Kennedy; James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; incoming KSC Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson. Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center.

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2003-08-20

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - NASA’s Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science, speaks to employees and guests during the rollout at KSC of the Agency initiative One NASA . The event was held at the IMAX Theater®. Explaining how their respective centers contribute to One NASA, along with Weiler, were KSC Director Jim Kennedy; James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; incoming KSC Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson. Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center.

  2. Hubble IMAX Premier

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2010-03-09

    Dr. Ed Weiler, left, is interviewed by Miles O'Brien prior to the World Premiere of "Hubble 3D", screened at the Smithsonian's Air and Space Museum Tuesday evening, March 9, 2010, in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Paul E. Alers)

  3. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - NASA leaders discuss the Agency’s One NASA initiative with selected employees at the KSC Visitor Complex IMAX Theater®. From left are KSC Director Jim Kennedy; James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; incoming KSC Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson. Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center.

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2003-08-20

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - NASA leaders discuss the Agency’s One NASA initiative with selected employees at the KSC Visitor Complex IMAX Theater®. From left are KSC Director Jim Kennedy; James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; incoming KSC Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson. Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center.

  4. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - KSC Director Jim Kennedy (left) and incoming KSC Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow talk about One NASA during the rollout of the Agency initiative at KSC. They were joined at the IMAX Theater® by other NASA leaders James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson to explain how their respective centers contribute to One NASA. Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center.

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2003-08-20

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - KSC Director Jim Kennedy (left) and incoming KSC Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow talk about One NASA during the rollout of the Agency initiative at KSC. They were joined at the IMAX Theater® by other NASA leaders James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson to explain how their respective centers contribute to One NASA. Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center.

  5. STS-93/ Chandra Science Briefing

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1999-01-01

    This video shows a press briefing, reviewing the type of information which scientist hope to get from the Chandra X-ray Telescope. The telescope is scheduled to be launched during the STS-93 flight. The participants in the briefing are: Don Savage, of NASA Headquarters; Ed Weiler, Associate Administrator for Space Sciences; Alan Bunner, Chandra Project Scientist and Michael Turner, an astrophysicist at the University of Chicago. After the introduction by Mr. Savage, the broad scientific goals of the Chandra mission are reviewed by Dr. Weiler. This is followed by an acknowledgement of many of the people who participated in the development of the Chandra Telescope. This is followed by a discussion of the astrophysics and the information which the telescope should provide. Mrs. Chandrasekhar, the widow of Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, was in the audience. She was introduced and spoke briefly about the late Nobel Laureate astrophysicist.

  6. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - KSC Director Jim Kennedy and Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls share the stage during the rollout of the One NASA initiative at KSC. Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center. The event was held at the IMAX Theater® where NASA leaders discussed One NASA with selected employees. Explaining how their respective centers contribute to One NASA, along with Kennedy and Earls, were James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; incoming KSC Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson.

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2003-08-20

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - KSC Director Jim Kennedy and Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls share the stage during the rollout of the One NASA initiative at KSC. Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center. The event was held at the IMAX Theater® where NASA leaders discussed One NASA with selected employees. Explaining how their respective centers contribute to One NASA, along with Kennedy and Earls, were James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; incoming KSC Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson.

  7. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Dryden Flight Research Center Director Kevin Peterson talks about One NASA during the rollout of the Agency initiative at KSC. The event was held at the IMAX Theater® where NASA leaders discussed One NASA with selected employees. Explaining how their respective centers contribute to One NASA, along with Peterson, were KSC Director Jim Kennedy, James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; incoming KSC Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson. Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center.

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2003-08-20

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Dryden Flight Research Center Director Kevin Peterson talks about One NASA during the rollout of the Agency initiative at KSC. The event was held at the IMAX Theater® where NASA leaders discussed One NASA with selected employees. Explaining how their respective centers contribute to One NASA, along with Peterson, were KSC Director Jim Kennedy, James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; incoming KSC Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson. Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center.

  8. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - At the rollout of the One NASA initiative at KSC, Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls embraces implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson while KSC Director Jim Kennedy (left) applauds. Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center. The event was held at the IMAX Theater® where NASA leaders discussed One NASA with selected employees. Explaining how their respective centers contribute to One NASA, along with Kennedy and Earls, were James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; incoming KSC Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson.

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2003-08-20

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - At the rollout of the One NASA initiative at KSC, Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls embraces implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson while KSC Director Jim Kennedy (left) applauds. Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center. The event was held at the IMAX Theater® where NASA leaders discussed One NASA with selected employees. Explaining how their respective centers contribute to One NASA, along with Kennedy and Earls, were James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; incoming KSC Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson.

  9. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - KSC’s incoming Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow speaks to employees and guests during the rollout at KSC of the Agency initiative One NASA . The event was held at the IMAX Theater® where NASA leaders discussed One NASA with selected employees. Explaining how their respective centers contribute to One NASA, along with Whitlow, were KSC Director Jim Kennedy; James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson. Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center.

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2003-08-20

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - KSC’s incoming Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow speaks to employees and guests during the rollout at KSC of the Agency initiative One NASA . The event was held at the IMAX Theater® where NASA leaders discussed One NASA with selected employees. Explaining how their respective centers contribute to One NASA, along with Whitlow, were KSC Director Jim Kennedy; James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson. Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center.

  10. KSC-03pd1832

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2003-06-06

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - A science briefing on the Mars Exploration Rover (MER) missions is held for the media at Kennedy Space Center. From left, the participants are Donald Savage, NASA Public Information Officer; Dr. Ed Weiler, Associate Administrator for Space Science, NASA Headquarters; Dr. Jim Garvin, Mars lead scientist, NASA Headquarters; Dr. Cathy Weitz, MER program scientist, NASA Headquarters; Dr. Joy Crisp, MER project scientist, Jet Propulsion Laboratory; and Dr. Steve Squyres, Mer principal investigator, Cornell Univeristy, Ithaca, N.Y. NASA's twin Mars Exploration Rovers are designed to study the history of water on Mars. These robotic geologists are equipped with a robotic arm, a drilling tool, three spectrometers, and four pairs of cameras that allow them to have a human-like, 3D view of the terrain. Each rover could travel as far as 100 meters in one day to act as Mars scientists' eyes and hands, exploring an environment where humans are not yet able to go. MER-A is scheduled to launch on June 8 at 2:06 p.m. EDT, with two launch opportunities each day during a launch period that closes on June 24.

  11. Upgraded Hubble Space Telescope Images

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-09-08

    NASA Associate Administrator of the Science Mission Directorate Dr. Edward J. Weiler discusses newly released images from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope Wednesday, Sept. 9, 2009 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. The images were from four of the telescopes' six operating science instruments. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

  12. Upgraded Hubble Space Telescope Images

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-09-08

    NASA Associate Administrator of the Science Mission Directorate Dr. Edward J. Weiler listens to a reporters question during a press conference where NASA released images from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope Wednesday, Sept. 9, 2009 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. The images were from four of the telescopes' six operating science instruments. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

  13. Upgraded Hubble Space Telescope Images

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-09-08

    NASA Associate Administrator of the Science Mission Directorate Dr. Edward J. Weiler speaks at the podium as Sen. Barbara A. Mikulski, D-Md., left, listens during a press conference where NASA unveiled new images from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope Wednesday, Sept. 9, 2009 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. The images were from four of the telescopes' six operating science instruments. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

  14. Hubble Servicing Mission Press Conference

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-04-22

    Ed Weiler, Associate Administrator, Science Mission Directorate at NASA Headquarters, seated second from left, speaks during a press conference on the upcoming Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission as David Leckrone, Hubble Project Scientist, Preston Burch and Mike Klenlen, seated right, look on, Thursday, April 23, 2009, at NASA Headquarters in Washington. J.D. Harrington, Public Affairs officer for the Science Mission Directorate looks on at left. Photo Credit: (NASA/Paul. E. Alers)

  15. Women in Aerospace Awards

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2010-10-26

    NASA's Associate Administrator of the Science Mission Directorate Dr. Edward J. Weiler presents the Women in Aerospace's Lifetime Achievement Award to retired NASA chief astronomer Nancy Grace Roman at the organization's annual awards ceremony and banquet held at the Ritz-Carlton Hotel in Arlington, VA on Tuesday, Oct. 26, 2010. Four current NASA leaders and one retiree were recognized for their work by Women in Aerospace. The event celebrates women's professional excellence in aerospace and honors women who have made outstanding contributions to the aerospace community. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

  16. Giving Birth to the James Webb Space Telescope: Part 1

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mather, John

    2013-01-01

    In late October 1995, I found a remarkable message on my answering machine from Ed Weiler, then the Program Scientist for the Hubble Space Telescope. Would I work on the next generation space telescope, the successor to the beautiful HST? It took me mere moments to work out the answer: Of course! At the time, my work on the COsmic Background Explorer (COBE) was finished, I was writing a book about it (The Very First Light, with John Boslough), and I thought NASA might never do anything nearly as spectacular again. Wow, was I happy to be surprised by that call!

  17. Mars Science Laboratory Rover Taking Shape

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    2008-01-01

    This image taken in August 2008 in a clean room at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., shows NASA's next Mars rover, the Mars Science Laboratory, in the course of its assembly, before additions of its arm, mast, laboratory instruments and other equipment.

    The rover is about 9 feet wide and 10 feet long.

    Viewing progress on the assembly are, from left: NASA Associate Administrator for Science Ed Weiler, California Institute of Technology President Jean-Lou Chameau, JPL Director Charles Elachi, and JPL Associate Director for Flight Projects and Mission Success Tom Gavin.

    JPL, a division of Caltech, manages the Mars Science Laboratory project for the NASA Science Mission Directorate, Washington.

  18. Highlighting Your Science to NASA

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sharkey, C.

    2003-12-01

    An effort is underway to provide greater visibility within NASA headquarters, and to those who provide funding to NASA, of the outstanding work that is being performed by scientists involved in the Solar System Exploration Research and Analysis Programs, most of whom are DPS members. In support of this effort, a new feature has been developed for the NASA Headquarters Solar System Exploration Division web site whereby researchers can provide a synopsis of their current research results. The site (http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/spotlight/ - Username: your email address Password: sse) is an online submission area where NASA-funded scientists can upload the results of their research. There they provide their contact information, briefly describe their research, and upload any associated images or graphics. The information is available to a limited number of reviewers and writers at JPL. Each month, one researcher's work will be chosen as a science spotlight. After a writer interviews the scientist, a brief Power Point presentation that encapsulates their work will be given to Dr. Colleen Hartman at NASA headquarters. She will then present the exciting findings to Associate Administrator for Space Science, Dr. Ed Weiler. The information from some of these highlights can serve as a basis to bring Principal Investigators to NASA Headquarters for exposure to media through Space Science Updates on NASA television. In addition, the science results may also be incorporated into briefing material for the Office of Management and Budget and congressional staffers. Some spotlights will also be converted into feature stories for the Solar System Exploration website so the public, too, can learn about exciting new research. The site, http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/, is one of NASA's most visited. Over the past decade, there has been a trend of flat budgets for Research and Analysis activities. By giving more visibility to results of Solar System research, our goal is to encourage higher program funding levels from Congress and demonstrate the relevance of NASA research to the American public in general.

  19. Chemical Blistering: Cellular and Macromolecular Components

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-12-31

    blistering proceeds irrevocably unless the action of the chemical is neutralized within the first several minutes of exposure. Warthin and Weiler (1919...of the pathologic process is set within the first 3 min of exposure in vivo. Warthin and Weiler (1919) found that erythema, inflammation, and...Keratinocyte Culture System Following Exposure to Sulfur Mustard. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, 23:507-518. Warthin , A.S., Poisoning. C.V. and

  20. Dr. Ray Gause examines student Skylab experiment ED-52 Web Formation

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1973-01-01

    Dr. Ray Gause of the NASA-Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) places dinner, in the form of a housefly, in the web of Arabella - the prime spider for the ED-52 Web Formation Experiment. Arabella can be delineated near the end of the black pen in Dr. Gause's hand. The experiment is one of 25 student experiments accepted for the Skylab program and will be performed during the Skylab 3 mission. Judy Miles, a 17-year-old high school student from Lexington, Massachusetts, is the student experimenter and Dr. Gause is the NASA student advisor.

  1. Analyst Performance Measures. Volume 2: Information Quality Tools for Persistent Surveillance Data Sets

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-10-01

    Marina Altynova Ed Wasser Telford Berkey Dr. Sanjay Boddhu Tin Sa Qbase, LLC 2619 Commons Boulevard Dayton OH 45431 Brian Tsou Forecasting...Altynova, Ed Wasser , Telford Berkey, Dr. Sanjay Boddhu, Tin Sa, Brian Tsou 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 7184 5e. TASK NUMBER 06 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER

  2. Giardia infection

    MedlinePlus

    ... eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine . 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015:chap 283. Haines CF, Sears CL. ... Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease . 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 110. Nash TE, Hill DR. ...

  3. Briefings Set for Launch of Next "Great Observatory" in Space

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    1999-06-01

    NASA's next Space Shuttle flight will provide astronomers with a new look at the universe and make history with NASA's first female mission commander. Reporters can get an overview of the mission at a series of briefings July 7. The briefings will begin at 9 a.m. EDT at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston. The five-day flight is scheduled for launch no earlier than July 20. STS-93 will be led by U.S. Air Force Colonel Eileen Collins, the first woman to command an American space mission. The flight's primary objective will be to deploy the Chandra X-Ray Observatory, the third of NASA's Great Observatories. Collins and her crew of four will carry Chandra, the heaviest payload ever deployed from the shuttle, into orbit and deploy it approximately seven hours after launch. An upper stage will carry the observatory to its final orbit, more than one-third of the way to the Moon. Chandra will allow scientists to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exploding stars, black holes and other exotic environments to help them understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The first two briefings will provide an overview of mission operations and science to be conducted by Chandra. The NASA Television Video File will follow at noon. The crew press conference will begin at 2 p.m. EDT. The briefings will be carried live on NASA Television, with question-and-answer capability for reporters covering the event from participating NASA centers. NASA Television is available on transponder 9C of the GE-2 satellite at 85 degrees West longitude, vertical polarization, frequency 3880 MHz, audio of 6.8 MHz. Media planning to attend the briefings must notify the Johnson Space Center newsroom by June 28 to ensure proper badging. Each reporter's name, affiliation and country of citizenship should be faxed to the newsroom at 281/483-2000. IMPORTANT NOTE: Reporters can schedule in-person or telephone interviews STS-93 crew. These interviews will begin at about 3:15 p.m. EDT. Media wishing to participate must make their request to the Johnson Space Center Newsroom by June 28. STS-93 PREFLIGHT BRIEFINGS July 7, 1999 9 a.m. EDT Mission Overview Bryan Austin, STS-93 Lead Flight Director, Johnson Space Center Fred Wojtalik, Chandra Program Manager, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL Ken Ledbetter, Director, Mission and Payload Development Division, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 10:30 a.m. EDT Chandra Science Briefing Dr. Ed Weiler, Associate Administrator, Office of Space Science, NASA Headquarters Dr. Alan Bunner, Chandra Program Scientist, NASA Headquarters Dr. Martin Weisskopf, Chandra Project Scientist, Marshall Space Flight Center Dr. Harvey Tananbaum, Director, Chandra X-Ray Center, Cambridge, MA Dr. Kimberly Weaver, Astrophysicist, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD Noon EDT NASA TV Video File 2 p.m. EDT STS-93 Crew Press Conference Eileen M. Collins, Mission Commander Jeffrey S. Ashby, Pilot Catherine G. Coleman, Mission Specialist -1 Steven A. Hawley, Mission Specialist-2 Michel Tognini, Mission Specialist-3 3:15 p.m. EDT STS-93 Crew Round Robins (not televised)

  4. PREFACE: EDS2010 Preface

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Heggie, Malcolm I.

    2011-03-01

    The biennial international conference on Extended Defects in Semiconductors started in 1978 with a meeting in Hünfeld, Germany. Subsequent meetings rotated between Poland, France, Great Britain, Germany, Russia and Italy, culminating in EDS2004 in Chernogolovka, EDS2006 in Halle and EDS2008 in Poitiers. EDS2010 was held at the University of Sussex at Brighton, UK from September 19th to 24th. An extension of the tabulation of this history, which first appeared on the EDS2006 website, is given in the attached PDF. It is with sadness that we note one of the founders of the series, Prof. Dr Helmut Alexander, passed away on 3 December 2009 and we were proud to dedicate EDS2010 to his memory. It has become a tradition to make an award in his name, and this year it was made to Ivan Isacov for his poster "Electrical levels of dislocation networks in p- and n-type silicon". A short and warm celebration of Prof. Dr Alexander's life by his friends and colleagues, Prof. Drs Helmut Gottschalk, Eicke Weber and Wolfgang Schröter, is included in this volume. The conference was a forum for the state-of-the-art of investigation and modelling of extended defects in semiconductors. Scientists from universities, research institutes and industry made contributions to a deeper understanding of extended defects, their interaction with point defects and their role in the development of semiconductor technology. The remit of the conference included extended defects, nanostructures, nanoparticles, quantum dots and interfaces within semiconducting materials ranging from narrow to wide band gaps, including graphene-derived materials and diamond. Scientific interests range from defect geometry, electronic structure, dynamics, spectroscopy, microscopy, reactions and chemistry to introduction mechanisms, such as implantation and strained layers and the operation of devices such as integrated circuits, heterostructures, and solar cells. The organisers were confronted with a long period between the afternoon outing to Arundel Castle and dinner in the evening at Wiston House, a mansion of Tudor origin near Steyning, West Sussex. So a short audience-participation seminar was held in the conference room of the manor, covering the history of dislocations and the history of the conference series. We were also able to extend the appreciation of the life of Prof. Yuri Ossipyan (15 Feb 1931 - 10 Sep 2008) briefly given at EDS2008. EDS2010 continued the drive into graphene-based materials with a session devoted to them, and it gave immense pleasure to many of us who were his former students to dedicate a session to the work of Professor R Jones. We are grateful to his present and former co-workers who came and presented an impressive perspective on their work with him and a vision of a vigorous future for him in his retirement and for AIMPRO, the current Density Functional Theory code that derives from the one he established with his former student, Dr Patrick Briddon. For EDS2010 we made two minor modifications to the appearance of the conference: a central webpage www.eds-conferences.org, ably managed by our webmaster, Dr Gemma Haffenden, and a Facebook page, "EDS conference series", which Dr Amy Gandy runs enthusiastically. Amongst other things the conference photographs appear here. "I like this". In fact, currently 22 FB-ers "like this" and I am sure it will grow. Finally, it is a pleasure to acknowledge the significant contributions of Co-Chair, Prof. Marek Skowronski, Conference Manager, Dr Christopher Latham, and the editors of this volume, Drs Jon Goss and Chris Ewels, who in turn wish to thank Dr Alexis Vlandas for his help proof reading the articles. We all wish the best of luck to Prof. Philomela Khomninou and her team in the organisation of EDS2012.

  5. Femoral hernia repair

    MedlinePlus

    Dunbar KB, Jeyarajah DR. Abdominal hernias and gastric volvulus. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease . 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap ...

  6. KSC-2011-6749

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2011-09-06

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – Ed Weiler, NASA associate administrator, Science Mission Directorate, participates in the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) prelaunch news conference in the NASA Press Site auditorium at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. GRAIL is scheduled to launch Sept. 8 aboard a United Launch Alliance Delta II Heavy rocket from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida. GRAIL will fly twin spacecraft in tandem around the moon to precisely measure and map variations in the moon's gravitational field. The mission will provide the most accurate global gravity field to date for any planet, including Earth. This detailed information will reveal differences in the density of the moon's crust and mantle and will help answer fundamental questions about the moon's internal structure, thermal evolution, and history of collisions with asteroids. The aim is to map the moon's gravity field so completely that future moon vehicles can safely navigate anywhere on the moon’s surface. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/grail. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

  7. Establishment of HLA-DR4 Transgenic Mice for the Identification of CD4+ T Cell Epitopes of Tumor-Associated Antigens

    PubMed Central

    Harada, Kumiko; Michibata, Yayoi; Tsukamoto, Hirotake; Senju, Satoru; Tomita, Yusuke; Yuno, Akira; Hirayama, Masatoshi; Abu Sayem, Mohammad; Takeda, Naoki; Shibuya, Isao; Sogo, Shinji; Fujiki, Fumihiro; Sugiyama, Haruo; Eto, Masatoshi; Nishimura, Yasuharu

    2013-01-01

    Reports have shown that activation of tumor-specific CD4+ helper T (Th) cells is crucial for effective anti-tumor immunity and identification of Th-cell epitopes is critical for peptide vaccine-based cancer immunotherapy. Although computer algorithms are available to predict peptides with high binding affinity to a specific HLA class II molecule, the ability of those peptides to induce Th-cell responses must be evaluated. We have established HLA-DR4 (HLA-DRA*01:01/HLA-DRB1*04:05) transgenic mice (Tgm), since this HLA-DR allele is most frequent (13.6%) in Japanese population, to evaluate HLA-DR4-restricted Th-cell responses to tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-derived peptides predicted to bind to HLA-DR4. To avoid weak binding between mouse CD4 and HLA-DR4, Tgm were designed to express chimeric HLA-DR4/I-Ed, where I-Ed α1 and β1 domains were replaced with those from HLA-DR4. Th cells isolated from Tgm immunized with adjuvant and HLA-DR4-binding cytomegalovirus-derived peptide proliferated when stimulated with peptide-pulsed HLA-DR4-transduced mouse L cells, indicating chimeric HLA-DR4/I-Ed has equivalent antigen presenting capacity to HLA-DR4. Immunization with CDCA155-78 peptide, a computer algorithm-predicted HLA-DR4-binding peptide derived from TAA CDCA1, successfully induced Th-cell responses in Tgm, while immunization of HLA-DR4-binding Wilms' tumor 1 antigen-derived peptide with identical amino acid sequence to mouse ortholog failed. This was overcome by using peptide-pulsed syngeneic bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DC) followed by immunization with peptide/CFA booster. BM-DC-based immunization of KIF20A494-517 peptide from another TAA KIF20A, with an almost identical HLA-binding core amino acid sequence to mouse ortholog, successfully induced Th-cell responses in Tgm. Notably, both CDCA155-78 and KIF20A494-517 peptides induced human Th-cell responses in PBMCs from HLA-DR4-positive donors. Finally, an HLA-DR4 binding DEPDC1191-213 peptide from a new TAA DEPDC1 overexpressed in bladder cancer induced strong Th-cell responses both in Tgm and in PBMCs from an HLA-DR4-positive donor. Thus, the HLA-DR4 Tgm combined with computer algorithm was useful for preliminary screening of candidate peptides for vaccination. PMID:24386437

  8. Maximizing your teaching moment

    MedlinePlus

    ... patient adherence. In: Falvo DR, ed. Effective Patient Education: A Guide to Increased Adherence . 4th ed. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett; 2011: chap 8. Ghorob A. Health coaching: teaching patients how to fish. Fam Pract Manag . 2013; ...

  9. Gaming Sea-based Multinational HA/DR Operations at PACOM Amphibious Leaders Symposium 2016

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-11-01

    DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release: distribution unlimited. Gaming Sea-based Multinational HA/DR Operations...Marine Corps photo by Cpl. Wesley Timm. Approved by: November 2016 Dr. E.D. McGrady Director, Integration and Gaming Advanced Technology and...TYPE Final2 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Gaming Seabased Multinational HA/DR Operations at PACOM 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER N00014-16

  10. After chemotherapy - discharge

    MedlinePlus

    ... References Doroshow JH. Approach to the patient with cancer. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine . 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 179. Freifeld AG, Kaul DR. Infection in the patient with cancer. In: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan ...

  11. Award for Distinguished Contributions to the International Advancement of Psychology.

    PubMed

    2017-12-01

    This award is given to individuals who have made sustained and enduring contributions to international cooperation and the advancement of knowledge in psychology. The 2017 recipient of the APA Award for Distinguished Contributions to the International Advancement of Psychology was selected by the 2016 Committee on International Relations in Psychology (CIRP). The members of the 2016 CIRP were Melissa Morgan Consoli, PhD, and Arpana G. Inman, PhD (Co-chairs); Rehman Abdulrehman, PhD; Gonzalo Bacigalupe, EdD; Frederic Bemak, EdD; Brigitte Khoury, PhD; Susan Nolan, PhD; Nancy Sidun, PsyD; and Danny Wedding, PhD. Dr. Morgan Consoli, Dr. Inman, Dr. Nolan, and Doctor Sidun were members of the subcommittee for the 2017 award. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

  12. Nobel Prize In Physics Awarded To Astronomer For NASA-Funded Research

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    2002-10-01

    Riccardo Giacconi, the "father of X-ray astronomy," has received the Nobel Prize in physics for "pioneering contributions to astrophysics," which have led to the discovery of cosmic X-ray sources. Giaconni, president of the Associated Universities Inc., in Washington, and Research Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, discovered the first X-ray stars and the X-ray background in the 1960s and conceived of and led the implementation of the Uhuru and High Energy Astronomy Observatory-2 (HEAO-2) X-ray observatories in the 1970s. With funding from NASA, he also detected sources of X-rays that most astronomers now consider to contain black holes. Giacconi said that receiving the award confirms the importance of X-ray astronomy. "I think I'm one of the first to get the Nobel prize for work with NASA, so that's good for NASA and I think it's also good for the field," he said. "It's also nice for all the other people who've worked in this field. I recognize that I was never alone. I'm happy for me personally, I'm happy for my family, and I'm happy for the field and for NASA," Giacconi added. In 1976, Giacconi along with Harvey Tananbaum of the Harvard- Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Mass., submitted a proposal letter to NASA to initiate the study and design of a large X-ray telescope. In 1977 work began on the program, which was then known as the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility and in 1998 renamed the Chandra X-ray Observatory. "Partnerships with universities and scientists are essential in our quest to answer the fundamental questions of the universe," said Dr. Ed Weiler, NASA Associate Administrator for Space Science, Headquarters, Washington. "Dr. Giacconi's achievements are a brilliant example of this synergy among NASA, universities and their community of scientists and students," he said. Giacconi is Principal Investigator for the ultradeep survey with Chandra - the "Chandra Deep Field South" - that has already obtained the deepest X-ray exposures to date with a million-second observation. He was also the first director of the Hubble Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore. Giacconi, 71, received half the prize. Raymond Davis Jr., 87, of the University of Pennsylvania and Masatoshi Koshiba, 76, of the University of Tokyo will share the other half of the prize, worth about $1 million, for their research into cosmic neutrinos. For more information visit: http://nobelprize.org/ Chandra Chronicles: A High-Energy Visonary Wins Nobel Prize

  13. Code of Best Practice: Experimentation

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2002-07-01

    verb phrases , and are connected via arrows, named as nouns or noun phrases , which define inputs (from the left), controls (from the top), outputs (to the...Mark Mandeles, Telyvin Murphy, Dan Oertel, Dr. Walter Perry, John Poirier , Dennis Popiela, Steve Shaker, Dr. David Signori, Dr. Ed Smith, Marcy Stahl...inevitably include the unhappy phrase , “it depends.” In other words, context matters. Hence, individual experiments, which can only look at a small

  14. Nursing Education Leaders' Perceived Leadership Practices

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    DeLong, Dianne

    2010-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to examine the leadership practices perceived by nursing education leaders as measured by the Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI). The framework used was a contemporary transformational leadership model described in "The Leadership Challenge" ("4th ed.") by Dr. James Kouzes and Dr. Barry Posner,…

  15. Answering Questions from Oceanography Texts: Learner, Task and Text Characteristics.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1987-09-15

    1 275-290. ’S.= Stowe, K. (1983). S , 2nd edition. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons. ’?o.,i ’S= .. ’S.’ .5.% .5.% r. ** - ’, .* . . . % S 9.. . 9...94305 O Dr. Ed Aiken Leo Seltracchi Dr. John S. Brown " Navy Personnel R&D Center U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Comm. XEROX Palo Alto Research Center " San...iego, CA 92152-6800 Washington, OC 20555 3333 Coyote Hill Road Palo Alto, CA 94304 Or. John R. Anderson Dr. Mark H. Bickhard Dr. Ann Brown Department

  16. Amnesty, Reconciliation and Reintegration: The International Community and the Rwandan Process

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2008-05-22

    Egypt, the Secretary General of the OAU, Dr. Salim Ahmed SALIM, the Secretary General of the United Nations, Dr. Boutros Boutros GHALI and Observers...the Mediator, His Excellency Faustin BIRINDWA, Prime Minister of Zaire; - Dr. Salim Ahmed SALIM, Secretary General of the OAU; - The...2005. Disarmament as Part of Reconciliation in Rwanda. Institute of Security Studies 108 (June): 1-16. Ali- Dinar , Ali B. PhD Ed. 1999. DRC

  17. International Humanitarian Award.

    PubMed

    2017-12-01

    The International Humanitarian Award recognizes extraordinary humanitarian services and activism by psychologists, including professional and volunteer work conducted primarily in the field with underserved populations. Award recipients are psychologists who, by their extraordinary service at a difficult time, improve the lives and contribute to the well-being of people in a large or small geographic area anywhere in the world. The 2017 recipient of the APA International Humanitarian Award was selected by the 2016 Committee on International Relations in Psychology (CIRP). The members of the 2016 CIRP were Melissa Morgan Consoli, PhD, and Arpana G. Inman, PhD (Co-chairs); Rehman Abdulrehman, PhD; Gonzalo Bacigalupe, EdD; Frederic Bemak, EdD; Brigitte Khoury, PhD; Susan Nolan, PhD; Nancy Sidun, PsyD; and Danny Wedding, PhD. Dr. Morgan Consoli, Dr. Inman, Dr. Nolan, and Doctor Sidun were members of the subcommittee for the 2017 award. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

  18. First Images From Chandra X-Ray Observatory to be Released

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    1999-08-01

    The first images from the world's most powerful X-ray telescope, NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, will be unveiled at a media briefing at 1 p.m. EDT, Thursday, Aug. 26. The briefing will be held in the James E. Webb Auditorium at NASA Headquarters, 300 E St. SW, Washington, DC. The images include the spectacular remnants of a supernova and other astronomical objects. Panelists will be: - Dr. Edward Weiler, Associate Administrator for Space Science, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC; - Dr. Harvey Tananbaum, Director of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory's Chandra X-ray Center, Cambridge, MA; - Dr. Martin Weisskopf, NASA's Chandra Project Scientist, NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL; and - Dr. Robert Kirshner, astrophysicist, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA. The event will be carried live on NASA Television with question-and-answer capability for reporters covering the briefing from participating NASA centers and from the Chandra Operations Control Center in Cambridge. NASA Television is available on transponder 9C, satellite GE-2 at 85 degrees West longitude, vertical polarization, frequency 3880 MHz, audio of 6.8 MHz. Chandra has been undergoing activation and checkout since it was placed into orbit during Space Shuttle mission STS-93 in July. Chandra will examine exploding stars, black holes, colliding galaxies and other high-energy cosmic phenomena to help scientists gain a better understanding of the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra images and additional information will be available following the briefing on the Internet at: http://chandra.nasa.gov and http://chandra.harvard.edu NASA press releases and other information are available automatically by sending an Internet electronic mail message to domo@hq.nasa.gov. In the body of the message (not the subject line) users should type the words "subscribe press-release" (no quotes). The system will reply with a confirmation via E-mail of each subscription. A second automatic message will include additional information on the service. NASA releases also are available via CompuServe using the command GO NASA. To unsubscribe from this mailing list, address an E-mail message to domo@hq.nasa.gov, leave the subject blank, and type only "unsubscribe press-release" (no quotes) in the body of the message.

  19. Report on "Methodologies for Investigating Microbial-Mineral Interactions: A Clay Minerals Society Short Course"

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Maurice, Patricia A.

    2010-02-08

    A workshop entitled, “Methods of Investigating Microbial-Mineral Interactions,” was held at the Clay Minerals Society meeting at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, WA on June 19, 2004. The workshop was organized by Patricia A. Maurice (University of Notre Dame) and Lesley A. Warren (McMaster University, CA). Speakers included: Dr. P. Bennett, Dr. J. Fredrickson (PNNL), Dr. S. Lower (Ohio State University), Dr. P. Maurice, Dr. S. Myneni (Princeton University), Dr. E. Shock (Arizona State), Dr. M. Tien (Penn State), Dr. L. Warren, and Dr. J. Zachara (PNNL). There were approximately 75 attendees at the workshop, including more thanmore » 20 students. A workshop volume was published by the Clay Minerals Society [Methods for Study of Microbe-Mineral Interactions (2006), CMS Workshop Lectures, vol 14(Patricia A. Maurice and Leslie A. Warren, eds.) ISBN 978-1-881208-15-0, 166 pp.]« less

  20. Teaching Elementary School Students to Be Effective Writers: Q&A with Dr. Natalie Olinghouse and Alisha Bollinger. REL Mid-Atlantic Event

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Regional Educational Laboratory Mid-Atlantic, 2013

    2013-01-01

    This event focused on the Institute of Education Sciences' practice guide, "Teaching Elementary School Students to Be Effective Writers" (2012) (see ED533112). Dr. Natalie Olinghouse and Alisha Bollinger presented effective strategies for teaching writing while familiarizing attendees with the recommendations and methods described in the…

  1. Response to Lessinger: The Great Day of Judgment.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bhaerman, Bob

    Dr. Lessinger's position of accountability (see ED040 155) seems to be within a very limited view of the function of the school. Not all educators are well adjusted to the status quo; some hold that the school shall build a new social order. Dr. Lessinger seems to say that teachers should be accountable for the training component but not the more…

  2. Virtual Representation of IID Observations in Bayesian Belief Networks

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1994-04-01

    programs for structuring and using Bayesian inference include ERGO ( Noetic Systems, Inc., 1991) and HUGIN (Andersen, Jensen, Olesen, & Jensen, 1989...Nichols, S.. Chipman, & R. Brennan (Eds.), Cognitively diagnostic assessment. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Noetic Systems, Inc. (1991). ERGO [computer...Dr Geore Eageiard Jr Chicago IL 60612 US Naval Academy Division of Educational Studies Annapolis MD 21402-5002 Emory University Dr Janice Gifford 210

  3. ESSEA On-Line Courses and the WestEd Eisenhower Regional Consortium (WERC)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rognier, E.

    2001-12-01

    The WestEd Eisenhower Regional Consortium (WERC) is in its second year of offering two Earth Systems Science On-line Graduate courses from IGES - one for High School teachers, and one for Middle School teachers. These high-quality courses support WERC's commitment to "supporting increased scientific and mathematical literacy among our nation's youth through services and other support aimed at enhancing the efforts of those who provide K-12 science and mathematics education." WERC has been able to use its EdGateway online community network to offer these courses to environmental education and science teachers nationwide. Through partnerships with the North American Association for Environmental Education (NAAEE), the National Environmental Education Advancement Project (NEEAP), and other regional, state and local science and environmental education organizations, WERC has a broad reach in connecting with science educators nationwide. WERC manages several state and national listservs, which enable us to reach thousands of educators with information about the courses. EdGateway also provides a private online community in which we offer the courses. WERC partners with two Master Teachers from Utah, who facilitate the courses, and with the Center for Science and Mathematics Education at Weber State University, who provides low-cost graduate credit for the courses. Our students have included classroom teachers from upper elementary through high school, community college science teachers, and environmental science center staff who provide inservice for teachers. Educators from Hawaii to New Jersey have provided diverse personal experiences of Earth Systems Science events, and add richness to the online discussions. Two Earth Science Experts, Dr. Rick Ford from Weber State University, and Dr. Art Sussman from WestEd also contribute to the high caliber of learning the students experience in the courses. (Dr. Sussman's book, Dr. Art's Guide to Planet Earth, is used as one of the texts for our courses.) This is our first effort in offering online courses, and we are learning valuable lessons about recruitment, retention, team-building, and facilitating discussions for classes with no "face to face" component. This format is both rich and challenging, with teammates from diverse geographic regions and timezones, with a variety of connectivity and accessibility issues. In this second year of offering the courses, we are pleased to have students referred by former participants, anxious to take this "highly recommended" course!

  4. Hydrological modeling in forested systems

    Treesearch

    H.E. Golden; G.R. Evenson; S. Tian; Devendra Amatya; Ge Sun

    2015-01-01

    Characterizing and quantifying interactions among components of the forest hydrological cycle is complex and usually requires a combination of field monitoring and modelling approaches (Weiler and McDonnell, 2004; National Research Council, 2008). Models are important tools for testing hypotheses, understanding hydrological processes and synthesizing experimental data...

  5. What Makes Some Problems Really Hard: Explorations in the Problem Space of Difficulty

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1988-09-01

    Springfield Av’enue. Urbanai IL 61801. Or. Donald -.J. Foes. Deporronsnt of Psychology, Unfifersity of T~., Austin. TX 78712 Dr. Johiw R. Froderiueen...8*t Beranek A Neaman 50 Moulton Street. Cambridge. MA 02136 Julie A. Gedsden. lifioniedon Technology. Applcation* Divislon, Admiralty Research...Department of Ed. Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122 Dr. Donald Norman. Institute lot Cognitive Science. Universi 01 Caliornia. La

  6. Annual Progress Report, January 1, 1969 through December 31, 1969.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1970-02-01

    or extended. E. The Role of CAI in Curriculum Revision I The Intermediate Science Curriculum Study (ISCS)* (Dr. Ernest Burkman, i Director and Dr David...Educational Research, FSU. Henry T. Lippert , Ed.D., 1967, Education, University of Illinois, Research Associate in the CAI Center and Assistant...Walter Dick, and Henry T Lippert , Tech Report 3, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 1968 "A Systematic Investigation of Three Facets of Programmed

  7. SKYLAB 9SL)-3 - EXPERIMENTS (SPIDER)

    NASA Image and Video Library

    1973-08-15

    S73-32499 (July 1973) --- Dr. Ray Gause of the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) places dinner, in the form of a housefly, in the web of Arabella - the prime spider for the ED-52 Web Formation Experiment. Arabella can be delineated near the end of the black pen in Dr. Gause's hand. The experiment is one of 25 student experiments accepted for the Skylab program and will be performed during the Skylab 3 mission. Judy Miles, a 17-year-old high school student from Lexington, Massachusetts, is the student experimenter and Dr. Gause is the NASA student advisor. Photo credit: NASA

  8. New Horizons Event: The First Mission to the Pluto System

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2014-08-25

    Dr. Jim Green, Dr. Ed Stone, and Dr. Alan Stern speak on a panel at the "New Horizons: The First Mission to the Pluto System and the Kuiper Belt" Event at NASA Headquarters in Washington, DC Monday, August 25, 2014. They discussed how the first images of Pluto and its moons would be captured by the New Horizons spacecraft during a five month long reconnaissance flyby study starting in the summer of 2015. New Horizons launched on January 19, 2006 and is scheduled to make its closest approach to Pluto on July 14, 2015. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

  9. Syntax, Semantics, and Speech

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1975-04-01

    D.R. Reddy (ed.), Academic Press (1975). \\h \\ i: LJ r- I. I. 0 i bbN Heport No. 3067 bolt Beranek and Newman Ine S. mm he directi...context is tne type ^ at trie ielt -nanu gie nonterrainai nonempty string pe 3 grammars, more restricted u in generative cnaracterized by 1...Collins, A. (eds.) Academic Press, (in press [23] wewell , A. et al . ( 1973) Speech Understanoing Systems: tlinal heport of a Study Group. North

  10. Improvement Science and NetworkED Improvement Communities: An Interview with Dr. Anthony Bryk. An ExpandED Schools Resource Guide

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    ExpandED Schools, 2016

    2016-01-01

    During the summer, we interviewed Tony Bryk, Author of Learning to Improve: How America's Schools Can Get Better at Getting Better and head of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. His work was seminal in the creation of the Framework for Great Schools, which has spurred New York City schools to rethink the structures and…

  11. Exploring the Possibilities: Earth and Space Science Missions in the Context of Exploration

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Pfarr, Barbara; Calabrese, Michael; Kirkpatrick, James; Malay, Jonathan T.

    2006-01-01

    According to Dr. Edward J. Weiler, Director of the Goddard Space Flight Center, "Exploration without science is tourism". At the American Astronautical Society's 43rd Annual Robert H. Goddard Memorial Symposium it was quite apparent to all that NASA's current Exploration Initiative is tightly coupled to multiple scientific initiatives: exploration will enable new science and science will enable exploration. NASA's Science Mission Directorate plans to develop priority science missions that deliver science that is vital, compelling and urgent. This paper will discuss the theme of the Goddard Memorial Symposium that science plays a key role in exploration. It will summarize the key scientific questions and some of the space and Earth science missions proposed to answer them, including the Mars and Lunar Exploration Programs, the Beyond Einstein and Navigator Programs, and the Earth-Sun System missions. It will also discuss some of the key technologies that will enable these missions, including the latest in instruments and sensors, large space optical system technologies and optical communications, and briefly discuss developments and achievements since the Symposium. Throughout history, humans have made the biggest scientific discoveries by visiting unknown territories; by going to the Moon and other planets and by seeking out habitable words, NASA is continuing humanity's quest for scientific knowledge.

  12. Instructional Systems Development: Conceptual Analysis and Comprehensive Bibliography

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1976-02-01

    design; Dr. Richard Braby and Ms. Karen Larm of TAEG for lending their expertise and libraries on media selection and intructor training; Dr. Robert... Vallance , T. R., Crawford, M. P. Identifying training needs and translating them into research requirements. In R. Glaser (Ed.), Training and education...systems design. Erngineeri~q Education, March 1969, 59(7), 861-865. Baker, B., Eris, R. L. An introduction to PERT/CPM. Homewood, IL: Richard D. Irwin

  13. An Exploratory Study of Ram Accelerator Principles

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1988-10-01

    deeply indebted to their students, Carl Knowlen, Alan Kull, Ed Burnham, Kelley Ann Scott, Alfred Alvarez, Dai Murakami, Ivan Stonich, Dean Brackett, Dale...Conference, Honolulu, HI, June 8-10, 1987. 15. D.R. Stull and M. Prophet, project directors, JANAF Thermochemical Tables, U.S. Government Printing...Propulsion, Pergamon Press, New York, 1957. A-2. W.G. Vincenti and C.H. Kruger, Introduction to Physical Gas Dynamics, Wiley, New York, 1965. A-3. D.R. Stull

  14. Methylphenidate modulates dorsal raphe neuronal activity: Behavioral and neuronal recordings from adolescent rats.

    PubMed

    Kharas, Natasha; Whitt, Holly; Reyes-Vasquez, Cruz; Dafny, Nachum

    2017-01-01

    Methylphenidate (MPD) is a widely prescribed psychostimulants used for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD). Unlike the psychostimulants cocaine and amphetamine, MPD does not exhibit direct actions on the serotonin transporter, however there is evidence suggesting that the therapeutic effects of MPD may be mediated in part by alterations in serotonin transmission. This study aimed to investigate the role of the dorsal raphe (DR) nucleus, one of the major sources of serotonergic innervation in the mammalian brain, in the response to MPD exposure. Freely behaving adolescent rats previously implanted bilaterally with permanent electrodes were used. An open field assay and a wireless neuronal recording system were used to concomitantly record behavioral and DR electrophysiological activity following acute and chronic MPD exposure. Four groups were used: one control (saline) and three experimental groups treated with 0.6, 2.5, and 10.0mg/kg MPD respectively. Animals received daily MPD or saline injections on experimental days 1-6, followed by 3 washout days and MPD rechallenge dose on experimental day (ED)10. The same chronic dose of MPD resulted in either behavioral sensitization or tolerance, and we found that neuronal activity recorded from the DR neuronal units of rats expressing behavioral sensitization to chronic MPD exposure responded significantly differently to MPD rechallenge on ED10 compared to the DR unit activity recorded from animals that expressed behavioral tolerance. This correlation between behavioral response and DR neuronal activity following chronic MPD exposure provides evidence that the DR is involved in the acute effects as well as the chronic effects of MPD in adolescent rats. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  15. European Science Notes Information Bulletin Reports on Current European/ Middle Eastern Science

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1991-12-01

    Symposium 89, F.-L. Krause , H. Jansen, eds., held in Berlin, NY:ASME. FRG November 1989. Hansmann, W. November. 1985. Interactiver entwurf und Nowacki, H...8217 Smoothing of Multipatch Bzier Surfaces - Curvature Approximation and Knot Removal for Wolfgang Schwarz, EDS GmbH, FRG (A). Handling Scattered Data - Bernd...Physical Oceanography research vessel. The Institute has three CTDs which have been used to obtain a very complete hydrographic series Dr. Wolfgang F

  16. Struggling to Target: Airpower’s Historical Challenge Continues

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2002-04-01

    targeting. Notes 1 Larry A. Weaver and Robert D. Pollock, “Campaign Planning for the 21st Century,” in Airpower Studies Coursebook , ed. Lt...Around,” in Airpower Studies Coursebook , ed. Lt Colonel Anthony C. Cain, Dr. Doug Peifer, Llewellyn A. Lamar et al. (Maxwell AFB, Ala.: Air Command...In addition, the list of installations considered viable targets increased by 50% during the same timeframe.26 These statistics are only a small

  17. New Horizons Event: The First Mission to the Pluto System

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2014-08-25

    Audience members view slides from a presentation by Dr. Jim Green, Dr. Ed Stone, and Dr. Alan Stern at the "New Horizons: The First Mission to the Pluto System and the Kuiper Belt" Event at NASA Headquarters in Washington, DC Monday, August 25, 2014. They discussed how the first images of Pluto and its moons would be captured by the New Horizons spacecraft during a five month long reconnaissance flyby study starting in the summer of 2015. New Horizons launched on January 19, 2006 and is scheduled to make its closest approach to Pluto on July 14, 2015. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

  18. Laboratory Mass Production and Genetics of ’Anopheles Freeborni’

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1990-07-19

    Pfahler, and Dr. Don Hall. Thanks to Dr. Bob Washino for his help and support during my stay in California. I also thank Debbie Dritz, Greg ii Lanzaro...colonies, can be varied by changing environmental conditions such as temperature (Moos 1955) and crowding ( Birch 1955). In California, the frequency of In...Fosfatasi alcaline di A. tr borni ed b. labranchiae. Riv. Parassitol. 29:297-303. Birch , L. C. 1955. Selection in Drosophila pseudoobscura in relation to

  19. Contributive Research and Development, Volume 123, Opportunities for International Partnerships and Technology Transfer to Support Racer Development

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1998-10-01

    Life Cycle officer Frank Boydell hosted visit. Mr. Ed Brown, AFRL, accompanied Dr. Gregory. We were briefed on the Logistics Support Services (LSS...requirements for robotic ground support equipment. Mr. Boydell explained that most reliability factors are not used to project manpower requirements...Frank Boydell accompanied Dr. Gregory from the RAF LSS. DERA has 12,000 employees and appears to be organizationally equivalent to our OSD/PA&E

  20. AF-TRUST, Air Force Team for Research in Ubiquitous Secure Technology

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-07-26

    Charles Sutton, J. D. Tygar, and Kai Xia. Book chapter in Jeffrey J. P. Tsai and Philip S. Yu (eds.) Machine Learning in Cyber Trust: Security, Privacy...enterprise, tactical, embedded systems and command and control levels. From these studies, commissioned by Dr . Sekar Chandersekaran of the Secretary of the...Data centers avoid IP Multicast because of a series of problems with the technology. • Dr . Multicast (the MCMD), a system that maps traditional I PMC

  1. Award for Distinguished Contributions to the International Advancement of Psychology.

    PubMed

    2016-11-01

    This award is given to individuals who have made sustained and enduring contributions to international cooperation and the advancement of knowledge in psychology. The 2016 recipient of the APA Award for Distinguished Contributions to the International Advancement of Psychology was selected by the 2015 Committee on International Relations in Psychology (CIRP). The members of the 2015 CIRP were Rehman Abdulrehman, PhD (Chair); Gonzalo Bacigalupe, EdD; Silvia S. Canetto, PhD; Amanda Clinton, PhD; Melissa L. Morgan Consoli, PhD; Chryse G. Hatzichristou, PhD; Arpana G. Inman, PhD; Lori Foster Thompson, PhD; and Danny Wedding, PhD. Dr. Abdulrehman, Dr. Morgan Consoli, Dr. Thompson, and Dr. Wedding were members of the subcommittee for the 2016 award. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

  2. 'Right-to-Work' Laws and Economic Development in Oklahoma. Briefing Paper.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mishel, Lawrence, Ed.

    The bulk of this position paper consists of statements in opposition to a September 2001 referendum on adopting 'right-to-work' (RTW) legislation in Oklahoma. The statements are by Joan Fitzgerald, William Sschweke, Raymond Hogler, Steven Shulman, Stephan Weiler, Ann Markusen, Robert G. Lynch, David R. Howell, James Galbraith, Colin Gordon, Wim…

  3. Rules for Comprehensible Technical Prose: A Survey of the Psycholinguistic Literature.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1985-06-24

    Psychophysics, 12, 73-76. Carpenter, P. A., & Just, M. A. (1977). Integrative processes in comprehension. In D. LaBerge & S. J. Samuels (Eds.), Perception...Naval Air Station Washnrgton, DC 20375 Pensacola, FL 32508 L ’ Steven D. Harris, MSC, USN I Dr. Kneale Marshall PFD ,, Box 2U43 Chairman, Operations...MEPCOM ADP Systems Branch ATTN: MEPCT-P C3 Develop:ment Center (D104) 2500 Green Bay Road MCDEC North Chicago, IL 6C064 guantico , VA 22:34 Dr. Steven

  4. The Jaad (Grandfather) Letters an Al Qaeda Worldview Through the Eyes of a Terrorist Mentor

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-04-01

    Jan 09). 53 Holy Bible , ed. Dr. Edward Hindson and Dr. Edward Dobson (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House, 1973), Romans 7:5. 54 Ergun...Ibrahim (Abraham), 72 Holy Qur’an, Surah 3.84, and The Knowing Jesus Study Bible , chart entitled “Old Testament Prophecies Fulfilled in Jesus Christ...Pakistan, “Prophet Abraham.” 112 Holy Bible , Genesis 16:12 30 107 no need for you to look at them any further. The Holy Qur’an contains

  5. Navy Manager’s Guide for the Test and Evaluation Sections of MIL-H-46855.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1977-06-30

    guidance and contributions: CDR Paul R. Chatelier , Naval A ir systems Comaand Dr. Lloyd Hitchcock , Naval A ir Development Center Mr. Ed L. Holshouser...Paci fic Mis sile Test Center LCDR William F. Moroney , Pac ifi c Mi ss i le Test Cente r W ithin the Boeing Aerospace Company , the program was...Reference 11). This standard presents HE design criteria, principles , and practices to be appl i ed in the design of systems, equipment and facili- ties

  6. KSC01pp0760

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2001-04-06

    Center Director Roy Bridges (center) is congratulated by Spaceport Florida Authority Executive Director Ed Gormel (left) at the 12th annual Dr. Kurt H. Debus Award Dinner held at the KSC Visitor Complex’s Debus Conference Facility. At right is Rick Abramson, president of Delaware North Parks Services of Spaceport, Inc. Bridges was presented with the 2001 Dr. Kurt H. Debus Award honoring his progressive, visionary leadership and contributions to space technology and exploration. The Florida Committee of the National Space Club presented the award. The Debus Award was first given in 1980. Created to recognize significant achievements and contributions made in Florida to the American aerospace effort, the award is named for the KSC’s first Director, Dr. Kurt H. Debus

  7. Phase 2 Studies: Impacts of Commercial Navigation Traffic on Freshwater Mussels at the W.H. Zimmer Station, 1989-90 Baseline Studies

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1991-09-01

    eds. 215-273. New York: Academic Press. Green, R . H. 1979. Sampling design and statistical methods for environ- mental biologists. New York: John ...Station, Corps of Engineers 3909 Halls Ferry Road, Vicksburg. Mississippi 39180-6199 f’ F rr is RWA~ September1991 Final Report p, r l , . . 91-16950...was provided by Mr. Scott Schermerhorn , Ms. Cheryl Tansky, and Dr. Albert Burky, all with the University of Dayton, and Ms. Sarah Wilkerson, WES Dr

  8. The Use of ATP-MgCl2 in the Treatment of Injury and Shock.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1986-07-31

    and trauma. In: Altura BM, Lefer AM, Schumer W (eds), The Handbook of Shock and Trauma, Vol 1, New York, Raven Press, pp 227-240, 1983. 10. Chaudry...bled rapidly within 10 minutes to a mean arterial pressure of 27 + 2mnmg and maintained at this level for" hours or until 40% of the shed bloo had to...contacted Dr. David Reynolds in Iowa and made irrangements to visit his laboratory. Dr. Reynolds did set up a primate hevprhagic shock model during

  9. International Humanitarian Award.

    PubMed

    2016-11-01

    The International Humanitarian Award recognizes extraordinary humanitarian services and activism by psychologists, including professional and volunteer work conducted primarily in the field with underserved populations. Award recipients are psychologists who, by their extraordinary service at a difficult time, improve the lives and contribute to the well-being of people in a large or small geographic area anywhere in the world. The 2016 recipient of the APA International Humanitarian Award was selected by the 2015 Committee on International Relations in Psychology (CIRP). The members of the 2015 CIRP were Rehman Abdulrehman, PhD (Chair); Gonzalo Bacigalupe, EdD; Silvia S. Canetto, PhD; Amanda Clinton, PhD; Melissa L. Morgan Consoli, PhD; Chryse G. Hatzichristou, PhD; Arpana G. Inman, PhD; Lori Foster Thompson, PhD; and Danny Wedding, PhD. Dr. Abdulrehman, Dr. Morgan Consoli, Dr. Thompson, and Dr. Wedding were members of the subcommittee for the 2016 award. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

  10. Constrasting Conductance/Viscosity Relations in Liquid States of Vitreous and Polymer Solid Electrolytes.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1987-11-01

    State lonics, 9 & 10, 617 (1983). 17. 11. Tweer, N. Laberge , and P.B. Macedo, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 54, 121 (1971). p 18. R. Weiler, S. Blaser, and P.B...Bressel, Ph.D. Thesis, Purdue University, (1971). 25. S. Schantz, J. Sandahl, L. Borjesson, L.M. Torell and J.R. Stevens . Solid State lonics (in press). 26

  11. Sitting in the Dock of the Day: Applying Lessons Learned from the Prosecution of War Criminals and Other Bad Actors in Post-Conflict Iraq and Beyond

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2003-04-01

    reprinted in NUREMBERG: GERMAN VIEWS OF THE WAR TRIALS 201, 201 ( Wilbourne E. Benton, ed. 1955) (translated by Georg Grimm). 100 Statement of Dr...353 (1948), reprinted in NUREMBERG: GERMAN VIEWS OF THE WAR TRIALS 76, 78 ( Wilbourne E. Benton, ed., 1955) (translation byE.C. Jann). 107 MICHAEL R...surrounding the IMTFE was directed at its chief prosecutor, Joseph Keenan, who was often alleged to have used the prosecution as a means to grandstand for

  12. Genetic Science Learning Center

    MedlinePlus

    ... discuss important health topics Teacher participants at the Neuroscience of Our Senses 2012 Summer Institute Cell Size and Scale became an Internet sensation in 2009 NIH Director Dr. Francis Collins appeared at the GSLC hosted NIH SciEd 2012 Conference in Washington, DC. © The University of Utah

  13. KSC-2011-6752

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2011-09-06

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – A Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) prelaunch news conference is held in the NASA Press Site auditorium at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. From left are George Diller, NASA Public Affairs; Ed Weiler, NASA associate administrator, Science Mission Directorate; Tim Dunn, NASA launch director for the agency’s Launch Services Program; Vernon Thorp, program manager, NASA Missions, United Launch Alliance; David Lehman, GRAIL project manager, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory; John Henk, GRAIL program manager, Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver, Colo.; and Joel Tumbiolo, launch weather officer, 45th Weather Squadron, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Fla. GRAIL is scheduled to launch Sept. 8 aboard a United Launch Alliance Delta II Heavy rocket from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida. GRAIL will fly twin spacecraft in tandem around the moon to precisely measure and map variations in the moon's gravitational field. The mission will provide the most accurate global gravity field to date for any planet, including Earth. This detailed information will reveal differences in the density of the moon's crust and mantle and will help answer fundamental questions about the moon's internal structure, thermal evolution, and history of collisions with asteroids. The aim is to map the moon's gravity field so completely that future moon vehicles can safely navigate anywhere on the moon’s surface. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/grail. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

  14. KSC-2011-6753

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2011-09-06

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – News media participate in the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) prelaunch news conference held in the NASA Press Site auditorium at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. On the dais, panelist from left are Ed Weiler, NASA associate administrator, Science Mission Directorate; Tim Dunn, NASA launch director for the agency’s Launch Services Program; Vernon Thorp, program manager, NASA Missions, United Launch Alliance; David Lehman, GRAIL project manager, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory; John Henk, GRAIL program manager, Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver, Colo.; and Joel Tumbiolo, launch weather officer, 45th Weather Squadron, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Fla. GRAIL is scheduled to launch Sept. 8 aboard a United Launch Alliance Delta II Heavy rocket from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida. GRAIL will fly twin spacecraft in tandem around the moon to precisely measure and map variations in the moon's gravitational field. The mission will provide the most accurate global gravity field to date for any planet, including Earth. This detailed information will reveal differences in the density of the moon's crust and mantle and will help answer fundamental questions about the moon's internal structure, thermal evolution, and history of collisions with asteroids. The aim is to map the moon's gravity field so completely that future moon vehicles can safely navigate anywhere on the moon’s surface. For more information, visit http://www.nasa.gov/grail. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

  15. The Male Madonna and the Feminine Uncle Sam: Visual Argument, Icons, and Ideographs in 1909 Anti-Woman Suffrage Postcards

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Palczewski, Catherine H.

    2005-01-01

    In 1909, at the height of the woman suffrage controversy and during the golden age of postcards, the Dunston-Weiler Lithograph Company of New York produced a twelve-card set of full-color lithographic cartoon postcards opposing woman suffrage. The postcard images reflect, and depart from, verbal arguments concerning woman suffrage prevalent during…

  16. Research in Pulsed Power Plasma Physics

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1993-11-01

    Principles and Techniques, vol. 1, J. E. Thompson and L. H. Luessen, eds., Martinus Nijhoff, The Netherlands,1986, pp2 63-315. I 12. Neri J. M., et al...choice of nuclear reactions on a * variety of targets is available. Acknowledgements Appreciation is expressed to Dr. Richard Peacock and Ms. Harriet

  17. Dr. von Braun and Army Ballistics Missile Agency (ABMA) Group

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1959-01-01

    This photograph of Dr. von Braun, shown here to the left of General Bruce Medaris, was taken in the fall of 1959, immediately prior to Medaris' retirement from the Army. At the time, von Braun and his associates worked for the Army Ballistics Missile Agency in Huntsville, Alabama. Those in the photograph have been identified as Ernst Stuhlinger, Frederick von Saurma, Fritz Mueller, Hermarn Weidner, E.W. Neubert (partially hidden), W.A. Mrazek, Karl Heimburg, Arthur Rudolph, Otto Hoberg, von Braun, Oswald Lange, Medaris, Helmut Hoelzer, Hans Maus, E.D. Geissler, Hans Heuter, and George Constan.

  18. Q & A with Ed Tech Leaders: Interview with Joshua Kim

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Shaughnessy, Michael F.; Fulgham, Susan M.

    2016-01-01

    The authors present this interview with Joshua Kim, Director of Digital Learning Initiatives at the Dartmouth Center for the Advancement of Learning (DCAL). Dr. Kim leads Dartmouth College's efforts around online learning and digital innovation for teaching and learning. He is a well-known conference speaker and consultant in the area of…

  19. Documentary Research of the Sugar Creek Basin,

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1978-01-01

    8217cthp, h-owe of Dr. J . Ruf ur, Bru toni in Vork (Dijl,.rd S1977 7 - f ) Durnqth Flcontuto ed York Cnunty suf fered sn neiir rrly that i-strong Kut K’lux... Elizabeth W. 1965 Lancaster District, South Carolina, 1820 Census. Pass ChrTEtian (MississippiTVFWillo Institute of Genealogy. United Stctps Census

  20. Talent: Implications for a U.S. Army Officer Corps Strategy

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-11-01

    successful water landing by Captain Chesney Sullenberger saved the lives of all 155 passengers and crew and was quickly dubbed the miracle on the Hudson...recently saved by his veterinarian, Dr. Ed Bulman, after suffering a heart attack while the two of them tended to a flock of alpacas on a remote farm.8

  1. U.S. EPA, Pesticide Product Label, TRI-PAN 76/24 PREPLANT SOIL FUMIGANT, 11/16/1988

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    2011-04-19

    ... 2. Do ,,0\\ 11 It InJ.etloft .hn". to t ... rn .t the e"d of • p ..... tll f ... I.,.>nt h •• dr.ln.d fr_ .,.t •• follo'f1n~ clQ .... r. of ."' .. toff ... 1 ... · U tr •• '" I. In ..... rt ... ...

  2. Understanding Africa: A Geographic Approach

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-01-01

    articles in journals such as Ecological Economics and The Energy Journal. Dr. Jon C. Malinowski is Professor of Geography at the United States...banned all 1 Jeremy Lind and Kathryn Sturman, eds. Scarcity and Surfeit: The Ecology of Africa’s...Congo [DRC] (minerals), Sudan (oil), Ethiopia (Nile waters) and Somalia (pastures), the contributors to Scarcity and Surfeit: The Ecology of

  3. Numerical Analysis Study of the Failure Mechanism of Transparent Materials During Low Velocity Impact Used in Protective Systems

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-07-01

    UCRL -50694 (Lawrence Rad.Lab. 1969) 9 Wilkins M.L., ’Ballistic materials and penetration mechanics’ ed. Laib1e.R.C. (Elsevier Sci.Publ.1980) pp.225...ORGANIZATION COPIES ORGANIZATION 2 DARPA L CHRISTODOULOU J GOLDWASSER 3701 N FAIRFAX DR ARLINGTON VA 22217-5600 2 DIRECTED

  4. Staff - Jennifer E. Athey | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

    Science.gov Websites

    multiple data management projects from digital field data collection to data compilation projects to Surveys Digital Data Series 14, http://doi.org/10.14509/photodb. http://doi.org/10.14509/29735 Athey, J.E increasing communication about digital geologic field mapping, in Soller, D.R., ed. Digital Mapping

  5. Bolstering the Three Pillars of the Essential Architecture of the Massage Therapy Profession: an Interview with Glenn M. Hymel, EdD, LMT

    PubMed Central

    2018-01-01

    As part of our interview editorial series, we bring forth a discussion with Dr. Glenn M. Hymel, the Founding Executive Editor of the International Journal of Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork. Dr. Hymel embodies the qualities set forth for the American Massage Therapy Association Dianne Polseno Lifetime Achievement Award, which he received in 2017. He has provided leadership and shown outstanding professionalism, and is a dedicated volunteer and a fervent advocate for research and education in the massage therapy profession. In this interview he discusses his massage therapy research, his interests, and his hopes for the future and the profession. PMID:29593841

  6. Bolstering the Three Pillars of the Essential Architecture of the Massage Therapy Profession: an Interview with Glenn M. Hymel, EdD, LMT.

    PubMed

    Kennedy, Ann Blair

    2018-03-01

    As part of our interview editorial series, we bring forth a discussion with Dr. Glenn M. Hymel, the Founding Executive Editor of the International Journal of Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork . Dr. Hymel embodies the qualities set forth for the American Massage Therapy Association Dianne Polseno Lifetime Achievement Award, which he received in 2017. He has provided leadership and shown outstanding professionalism, and is a dedicated volunteer and a fervent advocate for research and education in the massage therapy profession. In this interview he discusses his massage therapy research, his interests, and his hopes for the future and the profession.

  7. Highlights of our 4th Annual ATS Convention

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Breyer, Walter H.

    The article gives the details of the ATS's Philadelphia convention, keynote by Dr. Elizabeth Griffin of Cambridge University, visits to Swarthmore College and the Sproul Observatory, talks by Robert Ariail, Guy McCann, Eugene Rudd, John Church, Christopher Ray, Mike Reynolds, Professor Wulff Heinz, Walter Yund IV, Paul O'Leary, Ray Harris, Ed Young, Glen Oclassen, Peter Abrahams, and Ron Maddison. The awards for best exhibits went to John Mutch Jr. and John Mutch III for their extensive Zeiss collection, and Dr. Eugene Rudd for his Cater Rand's Patent Military and Naval Telescope. Visits were made also to the Flower and Cook Observatory, Haverford College Observatory, Villanova College Observatory, and the Franklin Institute.

  8. Sorption and desorption studies of a reactive azo dye on effective disposal of redundant material.

    PubMed

    Çelekli, Abuzer; Bozkurt, Hüseyin

    2013-07-01

    The effective disposal of redundant elephant dung (ED) is important for environmental protection and utilization of resource. The aim of this study was to remove a toxic-azo dye, Reactive Red (RR) 120, using this relatively cheap material as a new adsorbent. The FTIR-ATR spectra of ED powders before and after the sorption of RR 120 and zero point charge (pHzpc) of ED were determined. The sorption capacity of ED for removing of RR 120 were carried out as functions of particle size, adsorbent dose, pH, temperature, ionic strength, initial dye concentration, and contact time. Sorption isotherm, kinetic, activation energy, thermodynamic, and desorption parameters of RR 120 on ED were studied. The sorption process was found to be dependent on particle size, adsorbent dose, pH, temperature, ionic strength, initial dye concentration, and contact time. FTIR-ATR spectroscopy indicated that amine and amide groups have significant role on the sorption of RR 120 on ED. The pHzpc of ED was found to be 7.3. Sorption kinetic of RR 120 on ED was well described by sigmoidal Logistic model. The Langmuir isotherm was well fitted to the equilibrium data. The maximum sorption capacity was 95.71 mg g(-1). The sorption of RR 120 on ED was mainly physical and exothermic according to results of D-R isotherm, Arrhenius equation, thermodynamic, and desorption studies. The thermodynamic parameters showed that this process was feasible and spontaneous. This study showed that ED as a low-cost adsorbent had a great potential for the removal of RR 120 as an alternative eco-friendly process.

  9. How Technology Can Transform Student Achievement: An Interview with Dr. Michele Hancock

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Our Children: The National PTA Magazine, 2013

    2013-01-01

    In July 2010, Michele Hancock, EdD, became the 14th superintendent of the Kenosha Unified School District (KUSD), the third largest Wisconsin school district, with 42 schools and a student population of almost 23,000 students. She arrived with a strong vision to improve student achievement by adjusting educational methods to harmonize with the new…

  10. Gentlemen We Are Out of Money...Now We Have to Think - Prioritization of Objectives in a Resource Constrained Environment

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-02-15

    Additionally I would like to thank Dr. Greg Parnell, Ph.D., MAJ Melanie Vinton, COL William Sorrells, COL Simon Goerger, Ph.D., COL Chris Hill, Ph.D., and... Klein , J. Orasanu, R. Calderwood, & C. E. Zsambok (Eds.), Decision Making in Action: Models and Methods (pp. 327-345). Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishers

  11. Q & A with Ed Tech Leaders: Interview with Scott McLeod

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Shaughnessy, Michael F.

    2014-01-01

    Scott McLeod is recognized as one of the nation's leading experts on K-12 school technology leadership issues. After 14 years as an Educational Leadership professor, Dr. McLeod currently serves as the Director of Innovation for Prairie Lakes Area Education Agency in Iowa. He also is the Founding Director of the UCEA Center for the Advanced Study…

  12. A Diagnostic Approach to Building Collaborative Capacity in an Interagency Context

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-09-25

    School. She received an EdD at Arizona State University in Business and Education in 1986. She currently teaches strategic communication in the MBA...Provost The Acquisition Chair, Graduate School of Business & Public Policy, Naval Postgraduate School supported the funding of the research...Thomas, Associate Professor Graduate School of Business & Public Policy ________________________________ Dr. Susan Page Hocevar, Associate

  13. Effective Differentiation: A Guide for Teachers and Leaders. Q&A for Carol A. Tomlinson, Ed.D. REL Mid-Atlantic Educator Effectiveness Webinar Series

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Regional Educational Laboratory Mid-Atlantic, 2015

    2015-01-01

    In this webinar, Dr. Carol Tomlinson of the University of Virginia presented the research base supporting the practice of differentiation and described the characteristics of effective differentiation. She led a discussion of how quality preparation can build and strengthen teachers' knowledge and skills in implementing differentiated instruction…

  14. KNOW THY TEAM, KNOW THY ENEMY: USING DECEPTION TEAMS TO ACHIEVE AIR SUPERIORITY

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-06-01

    sea/25810495. 5 Sun Tzu , The Art of War, ed. Dallas Galvin, tran. Lionel Giles (New York: Fine Creative Media, Inc., 2003), 9. 6 Dr. Eric C...the G-2 3D U.S. Army. April 1991. Tzu , Sun . The Art of War. Edited by Dallas Galvin. Translated by Lionel Giles. New York: Fine Creative...ENDNOTES ......................................................................................................................39 BIBLIOGRAPHY

  15. PTSD and Substance Abuse

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-08-01

    9 4 INTRODUCTION Substance use disorders (SUD) and Posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) are some of the most prominent...Fee, F. (in press). Substance use disorder , PTSD , and traumatic brain injury. In J. Vasterling, R. Bryant, T. Keane (Eds). PTSD and Mild Traumatic ...another DoD investigator, on a paper on dissociation, PTSD , and substance use disorder , using DoD Naval Health research data.  Dr. Najavits presented at

  16. Low Boom Flight Demonstrator Briefing

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2018-04-03

    Dr. Ed Waggoner, program director, Integrated Aviation Systems Program, NASA, speaks at a briefing on the Low Boom Flight Demonstrator, Tuesday, April 3, 2018 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. This new experimental aircraft will cut cross country travel times in half by flying faster than the speed of sound without creating a sonic boom, enabling travel from New York to Los Angeles in two hours. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

  17. Thermal Transport Properties in the Primary Gas-Phase Combustion Zone of Double-Base Propellant: A Sensitivity Study.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1986-09-01

    26-30, 1964. 17. D.R. Stull and H. Prophet, JANAF Thermochemical Tables, 2nd Ed., NSRDS- NBS-37, June 1957. 18. A.A. Zenin, "Structure of... Dean P.O. Box 48 1 Hercules, Inc. Linden, NJ 07036 Bacchus Works ATTN: K.P. McCarty Ford Aerospace and P.O. Box 98 Communications Corp. Magna, UT 84044

  18. Studies of Collisional and Nonlinear Radiative Processes for Development of Coherent UV and XUV Sources

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1991-06-04

    Rhodes CO-INVESTIGATORS: Ting Shan Luk Armon McPherson Keith Boyer PROGRAM MANAGER: Dr. Howard Schlossberg Air Force Office of Scientific Research /NP...Scientific Research Boiling Air Force Base Washington, D. C. 20332-6448 e92-19919 Pr ,’ted on O % ,ecyc~ed pe TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT...1 1. INTRODUCTION .......... ........................... 2 II. GENERAL DISCUSSION OF RESEARCH ....... ................ 2 A

  19. Identification of the GnRH-(1-5) Receptor and Signaling Pathway

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-03-22

    Coimmunoprecipitation DAG Diacylglycerol DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid DR Aspartic Acid/ Aspargine Motif ED Embryonic Day ELISA Enzyme -Linked...candidate GnRH-(1-5) receptors by using a high-throughput enzyme fragment complementation assay (DiscoveRx, Fremont, CA). The results from the assay...for an orphan GPCR is of paramount significance since there are greater than 100 orphan GPCRs considered potential targets for the development of

  20. Investigations in Elementary Particle Theory

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Weiler, Thomas J.; Kephart, Thomas W.; Scherrer, Robert J.

    2014-07-02

    The research interests of our three Co-PI’s complement each other very well. Kephart works mainly on models of particle unification in four or higher dimensions, on aspects of gravity such as inflation, black-holes, and the very early Universe, and on applications of knot theory and topology to various physical systems (including gluon dynamics). Scherrer works mainly on aspects of the intermediate-aged Universe, including dark matter and dark energy, and particle physics in the early Universe. Weiler works mainly on neutrino physics, dark matter signatures, and extreme particle-astrophysics in the late Universe, including origins of the highest-energy cosmic-rays and gamma-rays, andmore » the future potential of neutrino astrophysics. Kephart and Weiler have lately devoted some research attention to the LHC and its reach for probing physics beyond the Standard Model. During the 3-year funding period, our grant supported one postdoc (Chiu Man Ho) and partially supported two students, Peter Denton and Lingjun Fu. Chiu Man collaborated with all three of the Co-PI’s during the 3-year funding period and published 16 refereed papers. Chiu Man has gone on to a postdoc with Steve Hsu at Michigan State University. Denton and Fu will both receive their PhDs during the 2014-15 academic year. The total number of our papers published in refereed journals by the three co-PIs during the period of this grant (2011-present) is 54. The total number of talks given by the group members during this time period, including seminars, colloquia, and conference presentations, is 47. Some details of the accomplishments of our DOE funded researchers during the grant period include Weiler being named a Simons Fellow in 2013. He presented an invited TEDx talk in 2012. His paper on closed timelike curves (2013) garnered a great deal of national publicity. Scherrer’s paper on the “little rip” (2011) fostered a new area of cosmological research, and the name “little rip” has now entered the lexicon of cosmology. His paper on anapole dark matter (2013) generated a great deal of interest in the community. Kephart was one of the co-organizers for a 5-month program on applications of topology to physics and biology, and a Visiting Fellow at the Isaac Newton Institute in Cambridge, UK for the fall semester of 2012. His research there resulted in an extended publication on topologically stabilized closed QCD flux tube states.« less

  1. Final Report for 3-year grant no. DE-FG05-85ER40226. Investigations in Elementary Particle Theory.

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Kephart, Thomas W.; Scherrer, Robert J.; Weiler, Thomas J.

    2014-11-23

    The research interests of our three Co-PI’s complement each other very well. Kephart works mainly on models of particle unification in four or higher dimensions, on aspects of gravity such as inflation, black-holes, and the very early Universe, and on applications of knot theory and topology to various physical systems (including gluon dynamics). Scherrer works mainly on aspects of the intermediate-aged Universe, including dark matter and dark energy, and particle physics in the early Universe. Weiler works mainly on neutrino physics, dark matter signatures, and extreme particle-astrophysics in the late Universe, including origins of the highest-energy cosmic-rays and gamma-rays, andmore » the future potential of neutrino astrophysics. Kephart and Weiler have lately devoted some research attention to the LHC and its reach for probing physics beyond the Standard Model. During the 3-year funding period, our grant supported one postdoc (Chiu Man Ho) and partially supported two students, Peter Denton and Lingjun Fu. Chiu Man collaborated with all three of the Co-PI’s during the 3-year funding period and published 16 refereed papers. Chiu Man has gone on to a postdoc with Steve Hsu at Michigan State University. Denton and Fu will both receive their PhDs during the 2014-15 academic year. The total number of our papers published in refereed journals by the three co-PIs during the period of this grant (2011-present) is 54. The total number of talks given by the group members during this time period, including seminars, colloquia, and conference presentations, is 47. Some details of the accomplishments of our DOE funded researchers during the grant period include Weiler being named a Simons Fellow in 2013. He presented an invited TEDx talk in 2012. His paper on closed timelike curves (2013) garnered a great deal of national publicity. Scherrer’s paper on the “little rip” (2011) fostered a new area of cosmological research, and the name “little rip” has now entered the lexicon of cosmology. His paper on anapole dark matter (2013) generated a great deal of interest in the community. Kephart was one of the co-organizers for a 5-month program on applications of topology to physics and biology, and a Visiting Fellow at the Isaac Newton Institute in Cambridge, UK for the fall semester of 2012. His research there resulted in an extended publication on topologically stabilized closed QCD flux tube states.« less

  2. Characteristics features and factors influencing early death in Acute promyelocytic leukemia; Experience from United Arab Emirates (UAE).

    PubMed

    Hassan, Inaam Bashir; Zaabi, Mariam R Al; Alam, Arif; Hashim, Mohammed Jawad; Tallman, Martin S; Kristensen, Jorgen

    2017-07-01

    Although acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a curable hematologic malignancy, early death (ED) remains a significant cause of treatment failure especially in developing countries. In a retrospective data analysis of 67 adult APL patients diagnosed in United Arab Emirates we report an ED rate of 11.9% which is comparable to that reported from more developed countries. We identified the following parameters at presentation as significant predictor of increased ED: Age >40 years (P = 0.015), fever (P = 0.030), WBC count >20 × 10 9 /L (P = 0.010), the breakpoints other than bcr1 (P = 0.043) and fibrinogen level <1.5 g/L (P = 0.025). Delay in ATRA administration beyond 24 h from admission and fibrinogen <150 mg/dL were also significant predictors of ED, but only among high-risk patients (P = 0.035 and P = 0.033, respectively). WBC count >10 × 10 9 /L and expression of HLA-DR (P = 0.018) or CD2 (P = 0.017) were significant predictors for differentiation syndrome (DS) which was found to be a predictor of ED (P = 0.002). Reducing the APL related ED rate in centers with limited resources is feasible provided early initiation of ATRA administration and early correction of coagulopathy in high-risk patients in addition to prompt treatment of DS. To our knowledge this is the first report from the Arabian Gulf describing ED in APL.

  3. Test Review: J. L. Wiederholt & B. R. Bryant. (2012). Gray Oral Reading Tests-Fifth Edition (GORT-5). Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hall, Anna H.; Tannebaum, Rory P.

    2013-01-01

    The first edition of the Gray Oral Reading Tests (GORT, 1963) was written by Dr. William S. Gray, a founding member and the first president of the International Reading Association. The GORT was designed to measure oral reading abilities (i.e., Rate, Accuracy, Fluency, and Comprehension) of students in Grades 2 through 12 due to the noteworthy…

  4. Anaerobic Treatment of Wastewaters Containing Perchlorate from Munitions Handling and Production

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2008-01-01

    of contact is Frank Novak. The technical reviewer was Dr. Paul Hatzinger of Shaw Environmental, Lawrenceville, NJ. The work was managed and executed... Neubert and Caswell 1997). Higher numerical value indicates lower resistance and resilience (Hashsham et al. 2000). ERDC/CERL TR-08-3 39 As...Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) in Microbial Ecology. Microbial Ecology Manual, 2nd ed. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publisher, The Netherlands. Neubert , M

  5. Statistical Study of Soviet Nuclear Explosions: Data, Results, and Software Tools

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1993-11-05

    KIRTLAND AFB, NM 87117-6008 Monitored by: ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY NUCLEAR MONITORING RESEARCH OFFICE 94-03131 3701 NORTH FAIRFAX DRIVE...AGENCY REPORT NUMBER ARPAINMRO (Attn. Dr. Alan Ryall, Jr.) 3701 North Fairfax Drive Arlington, VA 22203-1714 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES *Department of...dug by them, in Nuclear Explosions for Peaceful Purposes (I. D. Morokhov, Ed.), Atomizdat, Moscow, LLL Report UCRL -Trans-10517, 79-109. Nuttli, 0. W

  6. How America Can Look Within to Achieve Energy Security and Reduce Global Warming

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2008-09-01

    Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University Maxine Savitz The Advisory Group Daniel Sperling University of California, Davis Study Group Members...Development Mr. Don Von Dollen, Electric Power Research Institute Mr. Anant Vyas, Argonne National Laboratory Dr. E.D. Tate, General Motors...other nation on Earth except China [EIA, 2007b]. Source: Lutsey and Sperling , 2005 Figure 6 U.S. fuel economy vs. fuel efficiency Passenger cars

  7. Around Marshall

    NASA Image and Video Library

    1976-10-02

    On October 02, 1976, Marshall Space Flight Center’s (MSFC) Redstone test stand was received into the National Registry of Historical Places. Photographed in front of the Redstone test stand along with their wives are (left to right), Madison County Commission Chairman James Record, Dr. William R. Lucas, MSFC Center Director from June 15, 1974 until July 3, 1986, (holding certificate), Ed, Buckbee, Space and Rocket Center Director; Harvie Jones, Huntsville Architect; Dick Smith; and Joe Jones.

  8. KSC-2013-3900

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-11-07

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- Dr. Carlos Calle, senior research scientist on the Electrodynamic Dust Shield for Dust Mitigation project, manages the Electrostatics and Surface Physics Laboratory in the SwampWorks at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Electrodynamic dust shield, or EDS, technology is based on concepts originally developed by NASA as early as 1967 and later by the University of Tokyo. In 2003, NASA, in collaboration with the University of Arkansas at Little Rock, started development of the EDS for dust particle removal from solar panels to be used on future missions to the moon, an asteroid or Mars. A flight experiment to expose the dust shields to the space environment currently is under development. For more information, visit: http://www.nasa.gov/content/scientists-developing-ways-to-mitigate-dust-problem-for-explorers/ Photo credit: NASA/Dan Casper

  9. Analysis and Evaluation of Technical Data on the Photochromic and Non- Linear Optical Properties of Materials

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-03-01

    relatively small contractural effort is to provide technical assistance to Dr. Frank Patten (DARPA) in evaluating data on materials, especially... Musikant , S. (ed.), Advances in Materials for Active Optics, Proceedings of SPIE, Volume 567, SPIE:Washington, 1985. [22] Lewis, Aaron, Del Priore...polysilane," J. Appl. Phys. 60 (1986) 3040-3044. [146] Hache, F., Ricard, D., Flytzanis, C., "Optical nonlinearities of small metal particles: surface

  10. World Epidemiology Review, Number 106.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1978-09-20

    against measles and 795 against small- pox . Dr. Paradelia said more than one thousand children of the affect- ed areas had received treatment He said...57 sick animals and gave preventive innoculations to over 1,000 animals, xncludxng o^er 200 heafof cattle and a number of ducks and Chickens ...They also^nnoculated a number of pigs, ducks, and chickens belonging to the people. [Vxentiane KHAOSAN PATHET LAO in Lao 21 Jun 78 p A 2] CSO: 5400

  11. Dynamic Behavior of Reacting Gas Jets Submerged in Liquids: A Photographic Study.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1986-09-01

    Entrainment -- Contribution to the Wastage Modeling ," Proceedings of the 19th IECEC, Paper No. 859176, pp. 1.688-1.693. 14. Perry, J. H., Ed. (1950...Seale, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 II . ONR REPORT DISTRIBUTION LIST CU METAL COMBUMTION One copy except as noted Dr. Richard S. Miller 2... Guirguis Laboratory for Computational Physics Code 4040 Naval Research Laboratory Washington, DC 20375 Professor John Cimbala 157 Hammond Bldg

  12. Some New Approaches to Multivariate Probability Distributions.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1986-12-01

    Krishnaiah (1977). The following example may serve as an illustration of this point. EXAMPLE 2. (Fre^*chet’s bivariate continuous distribution...the error in the theorem of "" Prakasa Rao (1974) and to Dr. P.R. Krishnaiah for his valuable comments on the initial draft, his monumental patience and...M. and Proschan, F. (1984). Nonparametric Concepts and Methods in Reliability, Handbook of Statistics, 4, 613-655, (eds. P.R. Krishnaiah and P.K

  13. The Changing Face of Civil-Military Relations: An Examination in the Post 9/11 Environment

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-06-01

    faithfully reading my working drafts and sharing insights from his own experiences. To Dr. Ron Dains, who inspired my interest in civil- military... market economy. Moreover, growing international responsibilities would extend into the make-up of a new kind of military influence over areas, such as...Lehnardt, eds., From Mercenaries to Market : the Rise and Regulation of Private Military Companies (NY: Oxford University Press, USA, 2007), 3. The

  14. PubMed Central

    Martin, Michel

    1995-01-01

    Three physicians elected to Quebec's national assembly during the 1994 provincial election are trying to sell the benefits of sovereignty. Psychiatrist Denis Lazure says it is time for Quebec to go its own way because “there are two distinct peoples in Canada and one of them doesn't have a country.” He says his experiences within organized medicine helped him reach this conclusion. Dr. Ed Coffey, president of the Quebec Medical Association, disputes Lazure's conclusions. Imagesp1125-ap1127-a

  15. Gaming the System: A Game Theory Analysis of Theater Airborne ISR

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-02-13

    2-0, 50. 18 Edgar Schein , Organizational Culture and Leadership, 3 rd ed. (San Francisco, CA: Jossey- Bass, 2004), 17. 19 The absence of the... Edgar H . Organizational Culture and Leadership. Third Edition. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 2004. Shanker, Thom. “At Odds with Air Force, Army Adds...level and it is reasonable to assume that the land components will play a similar role in future conflicts. Dr. Edward Schein defines

  16. Gender Induced Differences in Naval Fitness Reports

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1991-06-01

    processes of men and women. 7 2. Socialization Men and women are socialized differently, again from a very young age. Dr. Deborah Tannen suggests that...Wesley Publishing Company, Reading, MA, 1969. 2. Tannen , Deborah , That’s Not What I Meant, Ballantine, NY, 1986. 3. Poynton, Cate, Lanquage and Gender...Dictionary, Revised Ed., Random House Publishers, NY, 1980. 10. Tannen , Deborah , You Just Don’t Understand, Ballantine, NY, 1988. 11. Powell, Gary N

  17. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- KSC management and other employees gather in the Center’s television studio to watch the address by President George W. Bush from NASA Headquarters stating his goals for NASA’s new mission. Seated in the front row, left to right, are Ken Aguilar, chief, Equal Opportunity office; Lisa Malone, director of External Affairs; Bruce Buckingham, assistant to Dr. Woodrow Whitlow, KSC deputy director; Dr. Whitlow; Shannon Roberts, with External Affairs; Howard DeCastro, vice president and Space Shuttle program manager, United Space Alliance; and Bill Pickavance vice president and associate program manager of Florida Operations, USA. The President’s goals are completing the International Space Station, retiring the Space Shuttle orbiters, developing a new crew exploration vehicle, and returning to the moon and beyond within the next two decades. Pres. Bush was welcomed by NASA Administrator Sean O’Keefe and Expedition 8 Commander Michael Foale, who greeted him from the International Space Station. Members of the Washington, D.C., audience included astronauts Eileen Collins, Ed Lu and Michael Lopez-Alegria, and former astronaut Gene Cernan.

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2004-01-14

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- KSC management and other employees gather in the Center’s television studio to watch the address by President George W. Bush from NASA Headquarters stating his goals for NASA’s new mission. Seated in the front row, left to right, are Ken Aguilar, chief, Equal Opportunity office; Lisa Malone, director of External Affairs; Bruce Buckingham, assistant to Dr. Woodrow Whitlow, KSC deputy director; Dr. Whitlow; Shannon Roberts, with External Affairs; Howard DeCastro, vice president and Space Shuttle program manager, United Space Alliance; and Bill Pickavance vice president and associate program manager of Florida Operations, USA. The President’s goals are completing the International Space Station, retiring the Space Shuttle orbiters, developing a new crew exploration vehicle, and returning to the moon and beyond within the next two decades. Pres. Bush was welcomed by NASA Administrator Sean O’Keefe and Expedition 8 Commander Michael Foale, who greeted him from the International Space Station. Members of the Washington, D.C., audience included astronauts Eileen Collins, Ed Lu and Michael Lopez-Alegria, and former astronaut Gene Cernan.

  18. High energy neutrinos from astrophysical accelerators of cosmic ray nuclei

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Anchordoqui, Luis A.; Hooper, Dan; Sarkar, Subir; Taylor, Andrew M.

    2008-02-01

    Ongoing experimental efforts to detect cosmic sources of high energy neutrinos are guided by the expectation that astrophysical accelerators of cosmic ray protons would also generate neutrinos through interactions with ambient matter and/or photons. However, there will be a reduction in the predicted neutrino flux if cosmic ray sources accelerate not only protons but also significant numbers of heavier nuclei, as is indicated by recent air shower data. We consider plausible extragalactic sources such as active galactic nuclei, gamma ray bursts and starburst galaxies and demand consistency with the observed cosmic ray composition and energy spectrum at Earth after allowing for propagation through intergalactic radiation fields. This allows us to calculate the expected neutrino fluxes from the sources, normalized to the observed cosmic ray spectrum. We find that the likely signals are still within reach of next generation neutrino telescopes such as IceCube.PACS95.85.Ry98.70.Rz98.54.Cm98.54.EpReferencesFor a review, see:F.HalzenD.HooperRep. Prog. Phys.6520021025A.AchterbergIceCube CollaborationPhys. Rev. Lett.972006221101A.AchterbergIceCube CollaborationAstropart. Phys.262006282arXiv:astro-ph/0611063arXiv:astro-ph/0702265V.NiessANTARES CollaborationAIP Conf. Proc.8672006217I.KravchenkoPhys. Rev. D732006082002S.W.BarwickANITA CollaborationPhys. Rev. Lett.962006171101V.Van ElewyckPierre Auger CollaborationAIP Conf. Proc.8092006187For a survey of possible sources and event rates in km3 detectors see e.g.,W.BednarekG.F.BurgioT.MontaruliNew Astron. Rev.4920051M.D.KistlerJ.F.BeacomPhys. Rev. D742006063007A. Kappes, J. Hinton, C. Stegmann, F.A. Aharonian, arXiv:astro-ph/0607286.A.LevinsonE.WaxmanPhys. Rev. Lett.872001171101C.DistefanoD.GuettaE.WaxmanA.LevinsonAstrophys. J.5752002378F.A.AharonianL.A.AnchordoquiD.KhangulyanT.MontaruliJ. Phys. Conf. Ser.392006408J.Alvarez-MunizF.HalzenAstrophys. J.5762002L33F.VissaniAstropart. Phys.262006310F.W.SteckerC.DoneM.H.SalamonP.SommersPhys. Rev. Lett.6619912697(Erratum-ibid. 69 (1992) 2738)F.W.SteckerPhys. Rev. D722005107301A.AtoyanC.D.DermerPhys. Rev. Lett.872001221102L.A.AnchordoquiH.GoldbergF.HalzenT.J.WeilerPhys. Lett. B6002004202E.WaxmanJ.N.BahcallPhys. Rev. Lett.7819972292C.D.DermerA.AtoyanPhys. Rev. Lett.912003071102D.GuettaD.HooperJ.Alvarez-MunizF.HalzenE.ReuveniAstropart. Phys.202004429J.Alvarez-MunizF.HalzenD.W.HooperPhys. Rev. D622000093015A.LoebE.WaxmanJCAP06052006003S. Inoue, G. Sigl, F. Miniati, E. Armengaud, arXiv:astro-ph/0701167.E.WaxmanJ.N.BahcallPhys. Rev. D591999023002Phys. Rev. D642001023002K.MannheimR.J.ProtheroeJ.P.RachenPhys. Rev. D632001023003arXiv:astro-ph/9908031M.AhlersL.A.AnchordoquiH.GoldbergF.HalzenA.RingwaldT.J.WeilerPhys. Rev. D722005023001E.WaxmanAstrophys. J.4521995L1Note that the neutrino spectral shape can deviate from that for protons if the Feynman plateau is not flat in pseudo-rapidity space;L.AnchordoquiH.GoldbergC.NunezPhys. Rev. D712005065014This is in fact suggested by Tevatron data;F.AbeCDF CollaborationPhys. Rev. D4119902330J.G.LearnedS.PakvasaAstropart. Phys.31995267F.HalzenD.SaltzbergPhys. Rev. Lett.8119984305J.F.BeacomN.F.BellD.HooperS.PakvasaT.J.WeilerPhys. Rev. D682003093005(Erratum-ibid. D 72 (2005) 019901)L.A.AnchordoquiH.GoldbergF.HalzenT.J.WeilerPhys. Lett. B593200442L.A.AnchordoquiH.GoldbergF.HalzenT.J.WeilerPhys. Lett. B621200518A.M.HillasAnn. Rev. Astron. Astrophys.221984425For a general discussion on the acceleration time-scale in these sources see, e.g.,D.F.TorresL.A.AnchordoquiRep. Prog. Phys.6720041663M.C.BegelmanB.RudakM.SikoraAstrophys. J.362199038M.J.ChodorowskiA.A.ZdziarskiM.SikoraAstrophys. J.4001992181S.MichalowskiD.AndrewsJ.EickmeyerT.GentileN.MistryR.TalmanK.UenoPhys. Rev. Lett.391977737J.L.PugetF.W.SteckerJ.H.BredekampAstrophys. J.2051976638D.HooperS.SarkarA.M.TaylorAstropart. Phys.272007199The non-thermal energy release in GRBs is much smaller than that output by AGN.P.L.BiermannP.A.StrittmatterAstrophys. J.3221987643R.J.ProtheroeA.P.SzaboPhys. Rev. Lett.6919922885J.P.RachenP.L.BiermannAstron. Astrophys.2721993161J.P.RachenT.StanevP.L.BiermannAstron. Astrophys.2731993377R.C.HartmanEGRET CollaborationAstrophys. J. Suppl.123199979See e.g.,M.PunchNature3581992477D.PetryHEGRA CollaborationAstron. Astrophys.3111996L13P.M.ChadwickAstrophys. J.5131999161C.D.DermerR.SchlickeiserA.MastichiadisAstron. Astrophys.2561992L27S.D.BloomA.P.MarscherAstrophys. J.4611996657K.MannheimAstron. Astrophys.269199367K.MannheimScience2791998684A.DarA.LaorAstrophys. J.4781997L5F.A.AharonianNew Astron.52000377M.BoettcherAstrophys. J.5151999L21C.D.DermerR.SchlickeiserAstrophys. J.4161993458F.W.SteckerPhys. Rev. Lett.2119681016G.J.FishmanC.A.MeeganAnn. Rev. Astron. Astrophys.331995415For a list of papers related to SWIFT, see: http://swift.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/swift/results/publist/.B.LinkR.I.EpsteinAstrophys. J.4661996764C.A.MeeganNature3551992143M.R.MetzgerNature3871997878See e.g.,T.PiranPhys. Rep.3141999575T.PiranPhys. Rep.3332000529For a recent review of GRB phenomenology, see:P.MeszarosRep. Prog. Phys.6920062259E.WaxmanLect. Notes Phys.5762001122M.MilgromV.UsovAstrophys. J.4491995L37E.WaxmanPhys. Rev. Lett.751995386M.VietriPhys. Rev. Lett.7819974328D.BandAstrophys. J.4131993281F. Halzen, in: K. Oliver (Ed.), Proceedings of the TASI’98, Boulder, 1998, p. 524.J.W.ElbertP.SommersAstrophys. J.4411995151L.A.AnchordoquiG.E.RomeroJ.A.CombiPhys. Rev. D601999103001L.A. Anchordoqui, J.F. Beacom, H. Goldberg, S. Palomares-Ruiz, T.J. Weiler, arXiv:astro-ph/0611580; arXiv:astro-ph/0611581.The factor 9/(4R) results from calculating ∫dr∫dr|r-r|(4πR/3), where r is the position of a star and r is the position of an observer (the position of the reaction), in a region of radius R uniformly filled with sources.D.A.ForbesM.J.WardV.RotaciucM.BlietzR.GenzelS.DrapatzP.P.van der WerfA.KrabbeAstrophys. J.4061993L11P. Chanial, H. Flores, B. Guiderdoni, D. Elbaz, F. Hammer, L. Vigroux, arXiv:astro-ph/0610900.P.O.LagageC.J.CesarskyAstron. Astrophys.1181983223S.P.LaiJ.M.GirartR.CrutcherAstrophys. J.5982003392W.BednarekMon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.3452003847W.BednarekR.J.ProtheroeAstropart. Phys.162002397P.BlasiA.V.OlintoPhys. Rev. D591999023001F.W.SteckerAstropart. Phys.262007398F.W. Stecker, arXiv:astro-ph/0610208.A γ-ray signal from the nearby starburst galaxy NGC253 was reported by the CANGAROO-II Collaboration but their subsequent re-analysis of the data is consistent with the expectation from backgrounds:C.ItohCANGAROO-II CollaborationAstron. Astrophys.3962002L1(Erratum-ibid. 462 (2007) 67)T.A. Thompson, E. Quataert, E. Waxman, A. Loeb, arXiv:astro-ph/0608699.D.J.BirdFly’s Eye CollaborationPhys. Rev. Lett.7119933401D.R.BergmanHiRes CollaborationNucl. Phys. Proc. Suppl.136200440T.Abu-ZayyadHiRes-MIA CollaborationAstrophys. J.5572001686M.NaganoJ. Phys. G181992423V.BerezinskyA.Z.GazizovS.I.GrigorievaPhys. Rev. D742006043005R.U.AbbasiHiRes CollaborationPhys. Rev. Lett.922004151101V.BerezinskyA.Z.GazizovS.I.GrigorievaPhys. Lett. B6122005147V.S.BerezinskyS.I.GrigorievaB.I.HnatykAstropart. Phys.212004617See Fig. 21 in:L.AnchordoquiM.T.DovaA.MariazziT.McCauleyT.PaulS.ReucroftJ.SwainAnn. Phys.3142004145D.AllardE.ParizotE.KhanS.GorielyA.V.OlintoAstron. Astrophys.4432005L29D.AllardE.ParizotA.V.OlintoAstropart. Phys.27200761T.Abu-ZayyadHigh Resolution Fly’s Eye CollaborationAstropart. Phys.232005157P. Sommers, et al., Pierre Auger Collaboration, arXiv:astro-ph/0507150.R.U.AbbasiHiRes CollaborationAstrophys. J.6222005910B.N. Afanasiev, et al., Yakutsk Collaboration, in: M. Nagano (Ed.), Proceedings of the Tokyo Workshop on Techniques for the Study of the Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays, 1993.J. Knapp, private communication.J.RanftPhys. Rev. D51199564R.S.FletcherT.K.GaisserP.LipariT.StanevPhys. Rev. D5019945710J.EngelT.K.GaisserT.StanevP.LipariPhys. Rev. D4619925013N.N.KalmykovS.S.OstapchenkoA.I.PavlovNucl. Phys. Proc. Suppl.52B19977It is important to stress that the Auger data are still at a preliminary stage and the reconstruction procedures are still to be finalised. However, even allowing for the systematic uncertainties still present, it does appear that at the highest energies fewer events are seen than expected from the AGASA analysis.V.S.BerezinskyG.T.ZatsepinPhys. Lett. B281969423F.W.SteckerAstrophys. J.2281979919R.EngelD.SeckelT.StanevPhys. Rev. D642001093010Z.FodorS.D.KatzA.RingwaldH.TuJCAP03112003015D.De MarcoT.StanevF.W.SteckerPhys. Rev. D732006043003D.HooperA.TaylorS.SarkarAstropart. Phys.23200511M.AveN.BuscaA.V.OlintoA.A.WatsonT.YamamotoAstropart. Phys.23200519A point worth noting at this juncture: If iron nuclei are accelerated to very high energies (much higher than the energy spectrum has been measured), then disintegration can lead to large numbers of protons above the spectrum cutoff. In this case, the resulting cosmogenic neutrino flux is not dramatically suppressed. On the other hand, if iron nuclei are only largely accelerated to around 10eV or less, then the liberated protons will only rarely interact with the CMB to produce pions, hence the cosmogenic neutrino flux will be significantly reduced.

  19. Determination of Percent Body Fat Using 3D Whole Body Laser Scanning: A Preliminary Investigation

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-11-01

    S.B., Lohman, T.G., Wang, Z., and Going, S.B., 2005: Human body composition: Human Kinetics : Champaign, IL. Heyward, V.H. and Wagner, D.R...2004: Applied body composition assessment: Human Kinetics : Champaign, IL. Hodgdon, J.A., and Beckett, M.B., 1984a: Prediction of percent body fat...ethnicity. In: Human body Composition., Heymsfield, S.B., Lohman, T.G., Wang, Z., and Going, S.B (eds.). Human Kinetics : Champaign, IL. Marriott

  20. Acquisition Review Quarterly. Vol. 2, No. 1, Winter 1995

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1995-01-01

    and Co. Kotler , P. (1988). Marketing Management: Analysis and Planning (6th ed.), (pp. 280-284). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 40- Winter...University of Massachusetts. Dr. Durant is a professor and Chair of the Faculty of Marketing in the College of Business and Mangement at the University...studies related to consumer behav- ior in marketing . In addition to being easy to apply, it is quite useful in diagnosing why one product is viewed more

  1. Redstone Test Stand Accepted Into National Register of Historical Places

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1976-01-01

    On October 02, 1976, Marshall Space Flight Center's (MSFC) Redstone test stand was received into the National Registry of Historical Places. Photographed in front of the Redstone test stand along with their wives are (left to right), Madison County Commission Chairman James Record, Dr. William R. Lucas, MSFC Center Director from June 15, 1974 until July 3, 1986, (holding certificate), Ed, Buckbee, Space and Rocket Center Director; Harvie Jones, Huntsville Architect; Dick Smith; and Joe Jones.

  2. Copyright and Related Protections for Information Age Products. Proceedings and Related Documents of the Meeting of the Information Industry Association (Airlie House, Virginia on July 18 & 19, 1969).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Information Industry Association, Washington, DC.

    The welcome and reasons for the meeting, presented by Mr. William T. Knox is followed by these papers: (1) Copyright in Its Historical and Philosophic Setting by Miss Barbara Ringer; (2) Copyright and Standard Reference Data Publications by Dr. Ed Brady; (3) Copyright Revision - Issues and Interests by Mrs. Bella Linden; (4) Court of Claims and…

  3. Communications Channels in the Sahel Using Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad as a Case Study

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-05-01

    issues, family, AIDS, etc. Malians listen to rap, but the lyrics are more positive than Western rap music. Dr. Arnoldi said the beat is similar to...Hassan, eds. The Muse of Modernity: Essays on Culture as Development in Africa. (Trenton: Africa World Press, Inc., 1996). Page 10 of 107 cultural...http://www.nollywood.net/ Essays /p2_articleid/126/p2_page/3>. Theatre for Development encourages community participation, increasing the

  4. Countering the al-Shabaab Insurgency in Somalia: Lessons for U.S. Special Operations Forces

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-02-01

    comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. 1. REPORT DATE FEB 2014 2. REPORT TYPE 3...and analysis, publishing on a broad range of issues important to the Special Operations community . A prolific author, Dr. Tur- biville researched and...the enabler, or students from a wide spectrum of disciplines will find the work insightful and informative . Kenneth H. Poole, Ed.D. Director, JSOU

  5. The Eighth Army in Korea: The Value of Intangible Leadership

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-05-21

    trust, and appreciation,” in other words leadership is a reciprocal relationship.46 Carl Jung , the renowned psychologist, noted the power of imagery...helped my research at the CARL at Fort Leavenworth. To Dr. Bourque for his encouragement and feedback over a process that taught me a great deal...2007), 197-200. 32 Ibid., 200. 33 Halberstam, The Coldest Winter: America and the Korean War, 488. 34 Carl Clausewitz, On War, ed. and trans

  6. KSC-2013-3901

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-11-07

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- Dr. Carlos Calle, senior research scientist on the Electrodynamic Dust Shield for Dust Mitigation project, demonstrates equipment used in his experiments in the Electrostatics and Surface Physics Laboratory in the SwampWorks at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Electrodynamic dust shield, or EDS, technology is based on concepts originally developed by NASA as early as 1967 and later by the University of Tokyo. In 2003, NASA, in collaboration with the University of Arkansas at Little Rock, started development of the EDS for dust particle removal from solar panels to be used on future missions to the moon, an asteroid or Mars. A flight experiment to expose the dust shields to the space environment currently is under development. For more information, visit: http://www.nasa.gov/content/scientists-developing-ways-to-mitigate-dust-problem-for-explorers/ Photo credit: NASA/Dan Casper

  7. Reflections on the future of veterinary medical education.

    PubMed

    Prasse, Keith W

    2009-01-01

    Dr. Keith Prasse is a very distinguished leader in veterinary education. He started his career achieving his BS and DVM degrees from Iowa State University (ISU). He returned to ISU after a brief period in private practice in Illinois. His well-recognized career in veterinary pathology began with his MS and PhD degrees, followed by a five-year period of teaching at ISU. Dr. Prasse joined the faculty of the University of Georgia in 1972, and thus began a long-term partnership with Dr. Bob Duncan that is arguably the foundation of veterinary clinical pathology. The textbook they authored, Veterinary Laboratory Medicine: Clinical Pathology, or "Duncan and Prasse" as it is known, remains the standard today, with later participation from Dr. Ed Mahaffey and most recently Dr. Ken Latimer. Dr. Prasse has mentored numerous graduate students and received many awards over his 23-year career in teaching, including the Norden Distinguished Teaching award twice, once at ISU and once at Georgia. His leadership as President of the American College of Veterinary Pathologists was greatly acknowledged and appreciated. Dr. Prasse's administrative service at the University of Georgia spanned 14 years, first as Associate Dean for Public Service and Outreach and later as Dean for eight years, during which time he served as President of the Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC). The growth of the College of Veterinary Medicine under Dean Prasse's visionary leadership was extraordinary. He led through difficult economic and political times, yet the college and its community continued to prosper. His legacy at the University of Georgia is indelible and perpetual. His outstanding leadership of the college was recognized by the Georgia Veterinary Medical Association in 2004, when he was given the Georgia Veterinarian of the Year award. Since his retirement from Georgia, Dr. Prasse has contributed greatly to the profession and to the AAVMC by leading the Foresight project. Dr. Prasse honored those attending the 2009 AAVMC Symposium by giving the Recognition Lecture. As always, his address was inspirational, and the substance of it is included here. -Sheila W. Allen, Dean, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine.

  8. Goals and Strategies of Interactive Teachers

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1980-04-01

    CORPORATION 1700 MAIN STREET SANTA MONICA, CA 90406 1 Dr. Walt W . Tornow Control Dat3 Corporation Corporate Personnel Research P.O. Box 0 - HQN060 Minneapolis, MN 55440 I I I ...might elicit a prediction based on insufficient factors that they gr- w rice in Southern Florida because it is warm and moist (even though it doesn’t...Federico & W . I Montague (Eds.), Aptitude, learning and instruction: Cognitive process analysis. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum, 1980. Stevens, A.L., Collins, A

  9. Proceedings of the Conference on Fleet Marine Force Combat Casualty Information System Held at San Diego, California on 2-4 April 1984

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1984-10-01

    Ryack Sub~marine Medlical Researchl ILahOratorv tiehlavioral Scxences C De ~partment Naval Submarinte base New London Groton, CT 06349 Dr. William J. Sacco...Computer- Based Patient Management System 1 to Fleet Marine Force Medical Care George Moeller, Ph.D., Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory, Groton...combat casualty1 medical record, develop soitware tailor-ed aor cach echelon at casualty care, and ] identity applopridate hardware based on the most

  10. Low Boom Flight Demonstrator Briefing

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2018-04-03

    Peter Coen, project manager, Commercial Supersonics Technology Project, Langley Research Center, NASA, speaks on a panel with Peter Iosifidis, Lockheed Martin, left, and Dr. Ed Waggoner, NASA, right, at a briefing on the Low Boom Flight Demonstrator, Tuesday, April 3, 2018 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. This new experimental aircraft will cut cross country travel times in half by flying faster than the speed of sound without creating a sonic boom, enabling travel from New York to Los Angeles in two hours. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

  11. Low Boom Flight Demonstrator Briefing

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2018-04-03

    Peter Coen, project manager, Commercial Supersonics Technology Project, Langley Research Center, NASA, center, speaks on a panel with Peter Iosifidis, Lockheed Martin, left, and Dr. Ed Waggoner, NASA, right, at a briefing on the Low Boom Flight Demonstrator, Tuesday, April 3, 2018 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. This new experimental aircraft will cut cross country travel times in half by flying faster than the speed of sound without creating a sonic boom, enabling travel from New York to Los Angeles in two hours. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

  12. Development of a 2,4-Dinitrotoluene-Responsive Synthetic Riboswitch in E. coli cells

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-09-01

    INTRODUCTION Riboswitches are naturally-occurring genetic regulatory elements found in the 5′ untranslated region of some mRNA. They provide a method...Industrial Genetics at the University of Stuttgart, Germany, respectively. The plasmid pSAL8.1 was kindly provided by Dr. Justin Gallivan from Emory...vol. 252: Ribozymes and siRNA Protocols, 2nd ed. Humana Press, Inc.; 2004, 145-164. (9) Suess, B., and Weigand, J.E. RNA Biology 2008, 5(1), 1-6

  13. New paleomagnetic data from the Wadi Abyad crustal section and their implications for the rotation history of the Oman ophiolite

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Meyer, Matthew; Morris, Antony; Anderson, Mark; MacLeod, Chris

    2015-04-01

    The Oman ophiolite is an important natural laboratory for understanding the construction of oceanic crust at fast spreading axes and its subsequent tectonic evolution. Previous paleomagnetic research in lavas of the northern ophiolitic blocks (Perrin et al., 2000) has demonstrated substantial clockwise intraoceanic tectonic rotations. Paleomagnetic data from lower crustal sequences in the southern blocks, however, have been more equivocal due to complications arising from remagnetization, and have been used to infer that clockwise rotations seen in the north are internal to the ophiolite rather than regionally significant (Weiler, 2000). Here we demonstrate the importance and advantages of sampling crustal transects in the ophiolite in order to understand the nature and variability in magnetization directions. By systematically sampling the lower crustal sequence exposed in Wadi Abyad (Rustaq block) we resolve for the first time in a single section a pattern of remagnetized lowermost gabbros and retention of earlier magnetizations by uppermost gabbros and the overlying dyke-rooting zone. Results are supported by a positive fold test that shows that remagnetization of lower gabbros occurred prior to the Campanian structural disruption of the Moho. NW-directed remagnetized remanences in the lower units are consistent with those used by Weiler (2000) to infer lack of significant rotation of the southern blocks and to argue, therefore, that rotation of the northern blocks was internal to the ophiolite. In contrast, E/ENE-directed remanences in the uppermost levels of Wadi Abyad imply large, clockwise rotation of the Rustaq block, of a sense and magnitude consistent with intraoceanic rotations inferred from extrusive sections in the northern blocks. We conclude that without the control provided by systematic crustal sampling, the potential for different remanence directions being acquired at different times may lead to erroneous tectonic interpretation.

  14. Composite Cucurbita pepo plants with transgenic roots as a tool to study root development

    PubMed Central

    Ilina, Elena L.; Logachov, Anton A.; Laplaze, Laurent; Demchenko, Nikolay P.; Pawlowski, Katharina; Demchenko, Kirill N.

    2012-01-01

    Background and Aims In most plant species, initiation of lateral root primordia occurs above the elongation zone. However, in cucurbits and some other species, lateral root primordia initiation and development takes place in the apical meristem of the parental root. Composite transgenic plants obtained by Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation are known as a suitable model to study root development. The aim of the present study was to establish this transformation technique for squash. Methods The auxin-responsive promoter DR5 was cloned into the binary vectors pKGW-RR-MGW and pMDC162-GFP. Incorporation of 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) was used to evaluate the presence of DNA-synthesizing cells in the hypocotyl of squash seedlings to find out whether they were suitable for infection. Two A. rhizogenes strains, R1000 and MSU440, were used. Roots containing the respective constructs were selected based on DsRED1 or green fluorescent protein (GFP) fluorescence, and DR5::Egfp-gusA or DR5::gusA insertion, respectively, was verified by PCR. Distribution of the response to auxin was visualized by GFP fluorescence or β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity staining and confirmed by immunolocalization of GFP and GUS proteins, respectively. Key Results Based on the distribution of EdU-labelled cells, it was determined that 6-day-old squash seedlings were suited for inoculation by A. rhizogenes since their root pericycle and the adjacent layers contain enough proliferating cells. Agrobacterium rhizogenes R1000 proved to be the most virulent strain on squash seedlings. Squash roots containing the respective constructs did not exhibit the hairy root phenotype and were morphologically and structurally similar to wild-type roots. Conclusions The auxin response pattern in the root apex of squash resembled that in arabidopsis roots. Composite squash plants obtained by A. rhizogenes-mediated transformation are a good tool for the investigation of root apical meristem development and root branching. PMID:22553131

  15. History of tumescent anesthesia, part I: from American surgical textbooks of the 1920s and 1930s.

    PubMed

    Welch, J D

    1998-01-01

    The current technique of "tumescent anesthesia," popularized by Dr. Jeffrey A. Klein, has evolved from the developments of local anesthetic agents and various infusion devices over the last 110 years. "Tumescent anesthesia" is really a variation of a much older technique known as "massive infiltration" or "hard infiltration." By 1915 "massive infiltration analgesia with weak analgesic solutions" was a well-developed and widely used form of analgesia. Various pressurized or motorized devices for the propulsion of the solutions, flexible needles, multiple formulas, and many applications of the technique were described and illustrated in several standard American surgical textbooks of the 1920s and 1930s. The goal was to render a large field anesthetic and relatively bloodless by use of only regionally injected solutions. In our current era, Dr. Ed Hamacher et al. and Dr. Klein deserve credit for reintroducing this old technique and for establishing new parameters for lidocaine toxicity. It is important for us to remember that the current technique of "tumescent anesthesia" really evolved over the last 110 years as the synthesis of the ideas of many individuals throughout the world.

  16. Expression of HLA Class II Molecules in Humanized NOD.Rag1KO.IL2RgcKO Mice Is Critical for Development and Function of Human T and B Cells

    PubMed Central

    Danner, Rebecca; Chaudhari, Snehal N.; Rosenberger, John; Surls, Jacqueline; Richie, Thomas L.; Brumeanu, Teodor-Doru; Casares, Sofia

    2011-01-01

    Background Humanized mice able to reconstitute a surrogate human immune system (HIS) can be used for studies on human immunology and may provide a predictive preclinical model for human vaccines prior to clinical trials. However, current humanized mouse models show sub-optimal human T cell reconstitution and limited ability to support immunoglobulin class switching by human B cells. This limitation has been attributed to the lack of expression of Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) molecules in mouse lymphoid organs. Recently, humanized mice expressing HLA class I molecules have been generated but showed little improvement in human T cell reconstitution and function of T and B cells. Methods We have generated NOD.Rag1KO.IL2RγcKO mice expressing HLA class II (HLA-DR4) molecules under the I-Ed promoter that were infused as adults with HLA-DR-matched human hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). Littermates lacking expression of HLA-DR4 molecules were used as control. Results HSC-infused HLA-DR4.NOD.Rag1KO.IL-2RγcKO mice developed a very high reconstitution rate (>90%) with long-lived and functional human T and B cells. Unlike previous humanized mouse models reported in the literature and our control mice, the HLA-DR4 expressing mice reconstituted serum levels (natural antibodies) of human IgM, IgG (all four subclasses), IgA, and IgE comparable to humans, and elicited high titers of specific human IgG antibodies upon tetanus toxoid vaccination. Conclusions Our study demonstrates the critical role of HLA class II molecules for development of functional human T cells able to support immunoglobulin class switching and efficiently respond to vaccination. PMID:21611197

  17. Using photographic art to connect researchers with public audiences

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Van Haren, J. L.; Roberts, E.; Fields, J.; Johnson, B.; Saleska, S. R.

    2013-12-01

    Communication is a process by which information is exchanged between individuals. Before information can be exchanged both or al parties have to be willing to partake in the communication process. Climate change scientists are still struggling to present their message in part because the general public does not want to hear their message and in part of the personality gap between scientists and the general public (Weiler et al. 2011). This demonstrates the need for communication, through a variety of means, with the general public about who climate change researchers are and what they do, besides the message that they have to convey. This ';feeling' type - relying on personal value and impact of decisions on others- of communication, not common in the scientific community that requires facts, has been suggested to be more effective with the general public (Weiler et al. 2011). We created a multimedia exhibition, which aims to put an intimate human face on science with an approach based on the following ideas: 1) Art initiates the connection between researchers and public audiences through visual stimulation, and 2) The one-on-one experience with a researcher through audio-visual means increases public engagement with climate change science. The exhibition implements these ideas by first, building on the core artistic vision of an artist/photographer who has been accompanying us on field courses and expeditions in the Amazon basin, and second, by bringing the personal voice and stories of students and scientists to the images in which they are represented. Our approach expanded on these themes with a unique twist: we use artistic imagery and video to show the personality of researchers and the process of science. After an image has captured the attention of a visitor, they will be engaged by the intimacy of hearing the scientist explaining how they got there, what they were doing at that particular moment, and why it's relevant and important to the visitor's life. We aim to: 1) inspire to engage in STEM learning in K-12 audiences (especially girls) by presenting science as a human endeavor done by ordinary human beings (seeing that scientists are "people just like me" makes it more possible to imagine oneself doing what scientists do), 2) increase public awareness that climate change is a global problem and that the fate of the Amazon basin can have enormous impacts on the rate of climate change, by putting an international face to the research done in climate change, and 3) we aim to increase the understanding of what scientists do and dispel the myth that all science is conducted in a laboratory, by bringing the tropical forest and science alive through high quality imagery. WEILER, C. S., J. K. KELLER, and C. OLEX. 2011. Personality type differences between Ph.D. climate change researchers and the general public: implications for effective communication. Climatic Change.

  18. Wernher von Braun

    NASA Image and Video Library

    1959-01-01

    This photograph of Dr. von Braun, shown here to the left of General Bruce Medaris, was taken in the fall of 1959, immediately prior to Medaris' retirement from the Army. At the time, von Braun and his associates worked for the Army Ballistics Missile Agency in Huntsville, Alabama. Those in the photograph have been identified as Ernst Stuhlinger, Frederick von Saurma, Fritz Mueller, Hermarn Weidner, E.W. Neubert (partially hidden), W.A. Mrazek, Karl Heimburg, Arthur Rudolph, Otto Hoberg, von Braun, Oswald Lange, Medaris, Helmut Hoelzer, Hans Maus, E.D. Geissler, Hans Heuter, and George Constan.

  19. In-Situ Biological Reclamation of Contaminated Ground Water

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1992-01-01

    triaxial cells . I also would like to think Dr. Ed Chian who gave me a kind word when I needed it most. Thank you all. II DEDICATION I wish to dedicate...Tri ax.al Permeability Device Owner’s Manual 103 A-i: Sample Praparation 105 A--2: Triaxial Cell Preparation 107 A--3: Back Pressure Satuaration 108 A...2) 96 vii 3-22 PollutDrit Concentration vs Time (Perm Bd #3) 96 Owner’ Manua I A-I Valve Numbering Scheme 104 Design Drawings B--I Test Cell w

  20. USAFSAM (USAF School of Aerospace Medicine) Review and Analysis of Radiofrequency Radiation Bioeffects Literature: Third Report.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1984-03-01

    UNCLASSIFIED F3361S R2 C DR 0 FOR R/8 N EE~h@monsoEEE 11111 12 12 iI.*o3211111 * o i. 2 5 I 1 1.6 ED MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART NATIONAL BUREAU OF... tests (surface righting, air righting, auditory startle, visual placing). One physiological parameter, eye opening, was also observed. Weekly weights...were recorded throughout the study period. At 60 days of age the offspring were randomly given 3 of 6 tests (conditioned avoidance response, water T

  1. Numerical Simulation of Fluid Dynamics and Payload Dissemination in a Dual-Chamber Grenade

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1993-02-01

    dependence obtained from tabulated data ( Stull and Prophet 1971). c,,/* = A1 + A 2T + A3T2 + A4T3 + A 5 TV (8) where the mixture specific heat is given by...Hill, NY, 1979. Stull , D.R., and Prophet, H., "JANNAF Thermochemical Tables," 2nd ed., National Bureau of Standards, NSRDS-Rept. 37, June 1971. Turetsky...AL 36360 Radford, VA 24141-0298 Program Manager U.S. Tank-Automotive Command ATTN: AMCPM-ABMS, T. Dean Warren, MI 48092-2498 27 No. of No. of Commander

  2. The Molecular View of Plastic Deformation and Precursor Processes of Crazing in Glassy Polypropylene and Polycarbonate

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1991-05-31

    Room 1-306 800 North Quincy Street Cambridge, MA 02139 Arlington, VA 22217 Ba NAME OF ;jNDING SPONSORING 8b OFF CE SYMBOL . 9 PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT...Arta Code)T77=O~iE SYMBOL Dr. &enne th Wynne 1 703/696-4100 DO FORM 1473, 84 MAR 83 APR ed4,O’i ’I’y oQ used until exhaiusted SECURITY CLASSIFICATION... interactionE by means of Lennard-Jones potentials. In addition to these, the bonds between backbone atoms and their angular arrangements are considered rigid

  3. Proceedings of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Workshop on Reservoir Shoreline Erosion: A National Problem, Held in McAlester, Oklahoma on 26-30 October 1992

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1993-08-01

    Wendi Goldsmith 71 Shoreline and Streambank Erosion as a Contributor of NPS Pollution--- An EPA Perspective---Christopher Zabawa , Susan Ratcliffe, and...Chris Zabawa , U.S. EPA 4:15-4:45 Impacts on Historical Dr. Paul Nickens, Resources WES 4:45-5:00 Overview of Wednesday’s Mr. Hollis Allen, Field Trip...KY 41265 (606) 789-4521 ROBERT L YOUNG USA CORPS OF ENGINEERS CESWL-ED-HH P.O. BOX 867 11TTLE ROCK, AR 72203-0867 (501) 324-5442 CHRIS ZABAWA US

  4. New Horizons Event: The First Mission to the Pluto System

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2014-08-25

    Dr. Ed Stone, Voyager project scientist, speaks on a panel at the "New Horizons: The First Mission to the Pluto System and the Kuiper Belt" Event at NASA Headquarters in Washington, DC Monday, August 25, 2014. Scientists discussed how the first images of Pluto and its moons would be captured by the New Horizons spacecraft during a five month long reconnaissance flyby study starting in the summer of 2015. New Horizons launched on January 19, 2006 and is scheduled to make its closest approach to Pluto on July 14, 2015. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

  5. Low Boom Flight Demonstrator Briefing

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2018-04-03

    Panelists Peter Iosifidis, program manager, Low-Boom Flight Demonstrator, Lockheed Martin Skunk Works, left, Peter Coen, project manager, Commercial Supersonics Technology Project, Langley Research Center, NASA, center, and Dr. Ed Waggoner, program director, Integrated Aviation Systems Program, NASA, right, are seen behind a model of the Low Boom Flight Demonstrator at a briefing, Tuesday, April 3, 2018 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. This new experimental aircraft will cut cross country travel times in half by flying faster than the speed of sound without creating a sonic boom, enabling travel from New York to Los Angeles in two hours. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

  6. Low Boom Flight Demonstrator Briefing

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2018-04-03

    Dr. Ed Waggoner, program director, Integrated Aviation Systems Program, NASA, right, speaks on a panel with Peter Iosifidis, program manager, Low-Boom Flight Demonstrator, Lockheed Martin Skunk Works, left, and Peter Coen, project manager, Commercial Supersonics Technology Project, Langley Research Center, NASA, center, at a briefing on the Low Boom Flight Demonstrator, Tuesday, April 3, 2018 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. This new experimental aircraft will cut cross country travel times in half by flying faster than the speed of sound without creating a sonic boom, enabling travel from New York to Los Angeles in two hours. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

  7. Numerical Simulation of Fluid Dynamics and Combustion for Ram Accelerator Projectile/Obturator Interaction

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1993-09-01

    dependence obtained from tabulated data ( Stull 1971). p,/W = A, + A2T + A3T 2 + A4T3 + A5T4 (13) For N species only N - 1 specie equations must be solved...Calculations," AIAA Journal, Vol. 21, No. 4, April 1983, pp. 586-592. Stull , D.R., and Prophet, H., ".JANNAF Thermochemical Tables," 2nd ed., National Bureau of...Command Development and Engineering Center ATTN: AMCPNI-ABNIS. T. Dean ATTN: SMCAR-FSA-F. LTC R. Riddle Warien. MI 48092-2498 SMCAR-FSC. G. Ferdinand

  8. New Paleomagnetic Data from the Wadi Abyad Crustal Section and their Implications for the Rotation History of the Oman Ophiolite

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Meyer, M.; Morris, A.; Anderson, M.; MacLeod, C. J.

    2014-12-01

    The Oman ophiolite is an important natural laboratory for understanding the construction of oceanic crust at fast spreading axes and its subsequent tectonic evolution. Previous paleomagnetic research in lavas of the northern ophiolitic blocks (Perrin et al., 2000, Mar. Geophys. Res.) has demonstrated substantial clockwise intraoceanic tectonic rotations. Paleomagnetic data from lower crustal sequences in the southern blocks, however, have been more equivocal due to complications arising from remagnetization, and have been used to infer that clockwise rotations seen in the north are internal to the ophiolite rather than regionally significant (Weiler, 2000, Mar. Geophys. Res.). Here we demonstrate the importance and advantages of sampling crustal transects in the ophiolite in order to understand the nature and variability in magnetization directions. By systematically sampling the lower crustal sequence exposed in Wadi Abyad (Rustaq block) we resolve for the first time in a single section a pattern of remagnetized lowermost gabbros and retention of earlier magnetizations by uppermost gabbros and the overlying dyke-rooting zone. Results are supported by a positive fold test that shows that remagnetization of lower gabbros occurred prior to the Campanian structural disruption of the Moho. NW-directed remagnetized remanences in the lower units are consistent with those used by Weiler (2000, Mar. Geophys. Res.) to infer lack of significant rotation of the southern blocks and to argue, therefore, that rotation of the northern blocks was internal to the ophiolite. In contrast, E/ENE-directed remanences in the uppermost levels of Wadi Abyad imply a large, clockwise rotation of the Rustaq block, of a sense and magnitude consistent with intraoceanic rotations inferred from extrusive sections in the northern blocks. We conclude that without the control provided by systematic crustal sampling, the potential for different remanence directions being acquired at different times may lead to erroneous tectonic interpretation.

  9. Study of a patient population investigated for excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS).

    PubMed

    Laffont, F; Mallet, A; Mayer, G; Meunier, S; Minz, M; N'Doye, S; Quilfen-Buzare, M A

    2002-12-01

    This study included all patients referred to the out-patient department of our sleep disorders centre from 1993 to 1999 on account of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). As a first step, patients in whom a diagnosis was established following appropriate polysomnography were excluded: this included sleep apnea syndrome, increased upper airway resistance syndrome, narcolepsy, periodic movements during sleep or other parasomnia, and epilepsy. Patients regularly taking psychotropic substances or with psychiatric disorders were also excluded. Finally, 128 patients remained in whom no clear diagnosis had been established for EDS, 70 women and 58 men, their ages ranging from 16 to 77 years. They underwent a 48-h recording (night 1-MSLT-night 2-continuous day). The aim of the study was to establish, define and characterise different groups of undiagnosed EDS patients using clinical, electrophysiological and immunological data with the help of hierarchical cluster analysis. Eight groups were characterised: group 1: mild hypersomnia type 1 (n = 11); group 2: hypersomnia frequently associated with HLA type DR2-DQw1 (n = 11); group 3: mild hypersomnia type 2 (n = 28); group 4: morning recovery from disrupted sleep (n = 19); group 5: young "long sleepers with difficulty at waking up" (n = 17); group 6: idiopathic hypersomnia (n = 15); group 7: poor or short sleepers since childhood (n = 8); group 8: older poor sleepers with a late onset of symptoms (n = 19). Characteristic features of these different groups provided consistent and objective arguments leading to a more precise diagnosis for these patients, and helped the initiation of appropriate management and treatment.

  10. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Dr. Ed Galindo speaks to the visitors at the memorial service held at the Space Memorial Mirror for the crew of Columbia. Galindo is science educator of Shoshone-Bannock High School and introduced the dancers from the Shoshone-Bannock Native American community in Fort Hall, Idaho. The dancers performed a healing ceremony during the memorial. Students and staff of the Shoshone-Bannock Nation had an experiment on board Columbia. Feb. 1 is the one-year anniversary of the loss of the crew and orbiter Columbia in a tragic accident as the ship returned to Earth following mission STS-107. The public was invited to the memorial service, held in the KSC Visitor Complex, which included comments by Center Director Jim Kennedy and Executive Director of Florida Space Authority Winston Scott. Scott is a former astronaut who flew on Columbia in 1997.

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2004-02-01

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Dr. Ed Galindo speaks to the visitors at the memorial service held at the Space Memorial Mirror for the crew of Columbia. Galindo is science educator of Shoshone-Bannock High School and introduced the dancers from the Shoshone-Bannock Native American community in Fort Hall, Idaho. The dancers performed a healing ceremony during the memorial. Students and staff of the Shoshone-Bannock Nation had an experiment on board Columbia. Feb. 1 is the one-year anniversary of the loss of the crew and orbiter Columbia in a tragic accident as the ship returned to Earth following mission STS-107. The public was invited to the memorial service, held in the KSC Visitor Complex, which included comments by Center Director Jim Kennedy and Executive Director of Florida Space Authority Winston Scott. Scott is a former astronaut who flew on Columbia in 1997.

  11. Recent developments on holography in China

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hsu, Dahsiung; Jiao, Jiangzhong; Tao, Huiying; Long, Pin

    1991-02-01

    Since the 1985 Lake Forest International Conference on display holography, USA) more developments have been made on holographic applications in China among which the important events and progress were: the International Conference on holography applications em bossing holography new holographic optical elements and equipments etc. . 1. INTERNATIONAL CONFEPENCE ON GRAPHY APPLICATIONS'' ( I CHA ''86. BEIJING) More than 280 holographers from 18 countries gathered in the Science Hall in Beijing from July 2 to for the International Conference on holography applications''86. The conference was sponsor ed by the Chinese OPtical Society the Chinese Theoretical Applied Mechanics Society and cosponsored by the Society of Photooptical Instrumentation Engineers the European Photonic Association in cooperation with the China Association for Science And Technology. It was chaired by Prof. Wang Daheng vice president of the China Association for Science Technology and president of the Chinese Optical Society cochaired by DP. H. J. Caulfield of the Univ. of Alabama Dr. G. von Bally of the Munster Univ. in West Germany and Dr. J. Tsujiuchi of the Tokyo Institute of Technology. SPIE Vol. 1238 Three-Dimensional Holography: Science Culture Education (1989) / 13

  12. Tidal and Lunar Data for Point Mugu, San Nicolas Island, and the Barking Sands Area During 1988.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1987-12-31

    C l vNvN-A -0%Ow’!’N N r--Me’a In v-(v0r-v inav -f -X W WI- 0 -!)0 N~o CD NI- 0V NMQ-N o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ V KU LMM tt-y d tL) J O’ed.ci I o -a NM...Commander Third Fleet 1 Pearl Harbor, HI 96860-7500 Commander Naval Weapons Center Attn: Earth and Planetary Sciences Division 1 Code 343 (Technical...Center P.O. Box 271 Attn: Fishery-Oceanographic Group La Jolla, CA 92037 University of California Department of Biological Sciences Attn: Dr. A. M

  13. Simulating fire-induced ecological succession with the dynamically coupled fire-vegetation model, ED-SPIFTIRE

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Spessa, A.; Fisher, R.

    2009-04-01

    The simulation of fire-vegetation feedbacks is crucial for determining fire-induced changes to ecosystem structure and function, and emissions of trace gases and aerosols under future climate change. A new global fire model SPITFIRE (SPread and InTensity of FIRE) has been designed to overcome many of the limitations in existing fire models set within DGVM frameworks (Thonicke et al. 2008). SPITFIRE has been applied in coupled mode globally (Thonicke et al. 2008) and northern Australia (Spessa et al. unpubl.) as part of the LPJ DGVM. It has also been driven with MODIS burnt area data applied to sub-Saharan Africa (Lehsten et al. 2008) as part of the LPJ-GUESS vegetation model (Smith et al. 2001). Recently, Spessa & Fisher (unpubl.) completed the coupling of SPIFTIRE to the Ecosystem Demography (ED) model (Moorecroft et al. 2001), which has been globalised by Dr R. Fisher as part of the development of the new land surface scheme JULES (Joint UK Environment Simulator) within the QUEST Earth System Model (http://www.quest-esm.ac.uk/). In contrast to the LPJ DGVM, ED is a ‘size and age structured' approximation of an individual based gap model. The major innovation of the ED-SPITFIRE model compared with LPJ-SPITFIRE is the categorisation of each climatic grid cell into a series of non-spatially contiguous patches which are defined by a common ‘age since last disturbance'. In theory, the age-class structure of ED facilitates ecologically realistic processes of succession and re-growth to be represented. By contrast, LPJ DGVM adopts an ‘area-based approach' that implicitly averages individual and patch differences across a wider area and across ‘populations' of PFTs. This presentation provides an overview of SPITFIRE, and provides preliminary results from ED-SPITFIRE applied to northern Australian savanna ecosystems which, due to spatio-temporal variation in fire disturbance, comprise a patchwork of grasses and trees at different stages of post-fire succession. Comparisons with similar simulations undertaken with LPJ-SPITFIRE are also presented.

  14. KSC-2013-3905

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-11-07

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- Dr. Carlos Calle, senior research scientist on the Electrodynamic Dust Shield for Dust Mitigation project, demonstrates a dust particle experiment in the Electrostatics and Surface Physics Laboratory in the SwampWorks at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The technology works by creating an electric field that propagates out like the ripples on a pond. This could prevent dust accumulation on spacesuits, thermal radiators, solar panels, optical instruments and view ports for future lunar and Mars exploration activities. Electrodynamic dust shield, or EDS, technology is based on concepts originally developed by NASA as early as 1967 and later by the University of Tokyo. In 2003, NASA, in collaboration with the University of Arkansas at Little Rock, started development of the EDS for dust particle removal from solar panels to be used on future missions to the moon, an asteroid or Mars. A flight experiment to expose the dust shields to the space environment currently is under development. For more information, visit: http://www.nasa.gov/content/scientists-developing-ways-to-mitigate-dust-problem-for-explorers/ Photo credit: NASA/Dan Casper

  15. KSC-2013-3903

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-11-07

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- Dr. Carlos Calle, senior research scientist on the Electrodynamic Dust Shield for Dust Mitigation project, demonstrates a dust particle experiment in the Electrostatics and Surface Physics Laboratory in the SwampWorks at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The technology works by creating an electric field that propagates out like the ripples on a pond. This could prevent dust accumulation on spacesuits, thermal radiators, solar panels, optical instruments and view ports for future lunar and Mars exploration activities. Electrodynamic dust shield, or EDS, technology is based on concepts originally developed by NASA as early as 1967 and later by the University of Tokyo. In 2003, NASA, in collaboration with the University of Arkansas at Little Rock, started development of the EDS for dust particle removal from solar panels to be used on future missions to the moon, an asteroid or Mars. A flight experiment to expose the dust shields to the space environment currently is under development. For more information, visit: http://www.nasa.gov/content/scientists-developing-ways-to-mitigate-dust-problem-for-explorers/ Photo credit: NASA/Dan Casper

  16. The Prognosis of Small Cell Lung Cancer in Patients with Pulmonary Fibrosis.

    PubMed

    Matsumoto, Yoko; Ohara, Sayaka; Furukawa, Ryutaro; Usui, Kazuhiro

    2017-10-01

    The purpose of this study was to assess the prognosis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) based on the underlying pulmonary disease. A total of 204 patients with SCLC were reviewed and categorized into three groups: normal, emphysema and fibrosis. The median overall survival duration (OS) in patients with normal lungs (n=57), with emphysema (n=105) and fibrosis (n=42) was 21.3, 16.4 and 10.8 months (p=0.063). In limited-stage disease (LD), the median OS in patients with fibrosis (7.4 months) was shorter than normal (52.7 months) or emphysema patients (26.4 months) (p=0.034). In extensive-stage disease (ED), the median OS in patients with fibrosis (12.7 months) was not significantly different from normal (11.4 months) or emphysema patients (13.5 months) (p=0.600). Patients with fibrosis had a poorer prognosis than normal or emphysema patients in LD-SCLC, but the coexistence of pulmonary fibrosis did not affect the prognostic outcomes in ED-SCLC. Copyright© 2017, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.

  17. Impacts of demand response and renewable generation in electricity power market

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhao, Zhechong

    This thesis presents the objective of the research which is to analyze the impacts of uncertain wind power and demand response on power systems operation and power market clearing. First, in order to effectively utilize available wind generation, it is usually given the highest priority by assigning zero or negative energy bidding prices when clearing the day-ahead electric power market. However, when congestion occurs, negative wind bidding prices would aggravate locational marginal prices (LMPs) to be negative in certain locations. A load shifting model is explored to alleviate possible congestions and enhance the utilization of wind generation, by shifting proper amount of load from peak hours to off peaks. The problem is to determine proper amount of load to be shifted, for enhancing the utilization of wind generation, alleviating transmission congestions, and making LMPs to be non-negative values. The second piece of work considered the price-based demand response (DR) program which is a mechanism for electricity consumers to dynamically manage their energy consumption in response to time-varying electricity prices. It encourages consumers to reduce their energy consumption when electricity prices are high, and thereby reduce the peak electricity demand and alleviate the pressure to power systems. However, it brings additional dynamics and new challenges on the real-time supply and demand balance. Specifically, price-sensitive DR load levels are constantly changing in response to dynamic real-time electricity prices, which will impact the economic dispatch (ED) schedule and in turn affect electricity market clearing prices. This thesis adopts two methods for examining the impacts of different DR price elasticity characteristics on the stability performance: a closed-loop iterative simulation method and a non-iterative method based on the contraction mapping theorem. This thesis also analyzes the financial stability of DR load consumers, by incorporating explicit LMP formulations and consumer payment requirements into the network-constrained unit commitment (NCUC) problem. The proposed model determines the proper amount of DR loads to be shifted from peak hours to off-peaks under ISO's direct load control, for reducing the operation cost and ensuring that consumer payments of DR loads will not deteriorate significantly after load shifting. Both MINLP and MILP models are discussed, and improved formulation strategies are presented.

  18. KSC01padig064

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2001-02-08

    At a groundbreaking ceremony, participants and guests get ready to dig in, signifying the start of construction on a new roadway through KSC. It is the start of a construction project that includes the Space Experiment Research & Processing Laboratory (SERPL). From left are Dr. Pamella J. Dana, from the executive office of Florida’s governor, Jeb Bush; Deputy Associate Administrator Michael Hawes, Space Station, NASA; Sen. George Kirkpatrick; Spaceport Florida Authority Executive Director Ed Gormel; Executive Director Dr. Samuel T. Durrance, Florida Space Research Institute; Florida’s Lt. Gov. Frank Brogan; Congressman Dave Weldon; Center Director Roy Bridges Jr.; SFA SERPL Program Manager Debra Holliday; KSC SERPL Program Manager Jan Heuser; District Manager Cheryl Harrison-Lee, Florida Department of Transportation; State Senator Jim Sebesta; and KSC Director JoAnn H. Morgan, External Relations and Business Development. The project is enabled by a partnership and collaboration between NASA and the State of Florida to create a vital resource for international and commercial space customers. SERPL is considered a magnet facility, and will support the development and processing of life sciences experiments destined for the International Space Station and accommodate NASA, industry and academic researchers performing associated biological research

  19. Symptomatic narcolepsy, cataplexy and hypersomnia, and their implications in the hypothalamic hypocretin/orexin system.

    PubMed

    Nishino, Seiji; Kanbayashi, Takashi

    2005-08-01

    Human narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder affecting 1:2000 individuals. The disease is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy and other abnormal manifestations of REM sleep, such as sleep paralysis and hypnagogic hallucinations. Recently, it was discovered that the pathophysiology of (idiopathic) narcolepsy-cataplexy is linked to hypocretin ligand deficiency in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as well as the positivity of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR2/DQ6 (DQB1*0602). The symptoms of narcolepsy can also occur during the course of other neurological conditions (i.e. symptomatic narcolepsy). We define symptomatic narcolepsy as those cases that meet the International Sleep Disorders Narcolepsy Criteria, and which are also associated with a significant underlying neurological disorder that accounts for excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and temporal associations. To date, we have counted 116 symptomatic cases of narcolepsy reported in literature. As, several authors previously reported, inherited disorders (n=38), tumors (n=33), and head trauma (n=19) are the three most frequent causes for symptomatic narcolepsy. Of the 116 cases, 10 are associated with multiple sclerosis, one case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and relatively rare cases were reported with vascular disorders (n=6), encephalitis (n=4) and degeneration (n=1), and hererodegenerative disorder (three cases in a family). EDS without cataplexy or any REM sleep abnormalities is also often associated with these neurological conditions, and defined as symptomatic cases of EDS. Although it is difficult to rule out the comorbidity of idiopathic narcolepsy in some cases, review of the literature reveals numerous unquestionable cases of symptomatic narcolepsy. These include cases with HLA negative and/or late onset, and cases in which the occurrences of the narcoleptic symptoms are parallel with the rise and fall of the causative disease. A review of these cases (especially those with brain tumors), illustrates a clear picture that the hypothalamus is most often involved. Several cases of symptomatic cataplexy (without EDS) were also reported and in contrast, these cases appear to be often associated with non-hypothalamic structures. CSF hypocretin-1 measurement were also carried out in a limited number of symptomatic cases of narcolepsy/EDS, including narcolepsy/EDS associated with tumors (n=5), head trauma (n=3), vascular disorders (n=5), encephalopathies (n=3), degeneration (n=30), demyelinating disorder (n=7), genetic/congenital disorders (n=11) and others (n=2). Reduced CSF hypocretin-1 levels were seen in most symptomatic narcolepsy cases of EDS with various etiologies and EDS in these cases is sometimes reversible with an improvement of the causative neurological disorder and an improvement of the hypocretin status. It is also noted that some symptomatic EDS cases (with Parkinson diseases and the thalamic infarction) appeared, but they are not linked with hypocretin ligand deficiency. In contrast to idiopathic narcolepsy cases, an occurrence of cataplexy is not tightly associated with hypocretin ligand deficiency in symptomatic cases. Since CSF hypocretin measures are still experimental, cases with sleep abnormalities/cataplexy are habitually selected for CSF hypocretin measures. Therefore, it is still not known whether all or a large majority of cases with low CSF hypocretin-1 levels with CNS interventions, exhibit EDS/cataplexy. It appears that further studies of the involvement of the hypocretin system in symptomatic narcolepsy and EDS are helpful to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms for the occurrence of EDS and cataplexy.

  20. KSC-2013-3902

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-11-07

    CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- Dr. Carlos Calle, senior research scientist on the Electrodynamic Dust Shield for Dust Mitigation project, works with dust fabricated for use in his experiments in the Electrostatics and Surface Physics Laboratory in the SwampWorks at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The fabricated material is designed to mimic the dust on the lunar surface. The technology works by creating an electric field that propagates out like the ripples on a pond. This could prevent dust accumulation on spacesuits, thermal radiators, solar panels, optical instruments and view ports for future lunar and Mars exploration activities. Electrodynamic dust shield, or EDS, technology is based on concepts originally developed by NASA as early as 1967 and later by the University of Tokyo. In 2003, NASA, in collaboration with the University of Arkansas at Little Rock, started development of the EDS for dust particle removal from solar panels to be used on future missions to the moon, an asteroid or Mars. A flight experiment to expose the dust shields to the space environment currently is under development. For more information, visit: http://www.nasa.gov/content/scientists-developing-ways-to-mitigate-dust-problem-for-explorers/ Photo credit: NASA/Dan Casper

  1. Nothing Fails Like Success: The Search for an Intelligent Paradigm for Studying Intelligence.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1980-10-01

    n’ first, the chicken or the 0g(1. Fctor scores can h( rr on COIp nWent N -.ors,_ ; co:,ion(,nt , iees can to r’grOl :.’ed on f, ’,r ,, r, What e...OP-S " 7I Washingtcn, DC 2袆 1 Dr. Alfred F. -Xico TrLining PAn ;ysis & Evluaticn Grcup (TAFG) Dept. cf the Navy Orlando, FL � 1 W. Gitry...Director Attn: PFRT-nKF i Army F’ s,-;rch Irast.i .utc ~. i. sAFB. AZ 5 Th?’ SDO1~ Fir,icwer !venu-2 Alex-n fri , , VA 2??V S M)T~f/T~ tcp ~ :;~ r.~~iAFB

  2. Structured reporting ensures complete content and quick detection of essential data in pathology reports of oncological breast resection specimens.

    PubMed

    Aumann, Konrad; Niermann, Kathrin; Asberger, Jasmin; Wellner, Ulrich; Bronsert, Peter; Erbes, Thalia; Hauschke, Dieter; Stickeler, Elmar; Gitsch, Gerald; Kayser, Gian; Werner, Martin

    2016-04-01

    There is increasing evidence that not only the way of data acquisition but also the design of data visualization (i.e., the format) has impact on the quality of pathology reports. Therefore, we investigated the correlation between the format of pathology reports and the amount as well as the detection time of transmitted data. All reports of oncological breast resection specimens referred to the Institute for Surgical Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, between 2003 and 2011 (n = 4181) were classified into descriptive reports (DR, n = 856), structured reports (SR, n = 2455), or template-based synoptic reports (TBSR, n = 870). The reports were screened regarding the content of nine organ-specific essential data. The amount of recorded essential data per report was summarized in an essential data score (EDS) and the format types were statistically compared regarding their EDS. Additionally, we measured the time a gynecologist needed to detect all nine essential data within a subset of reports and compared the format types regarding the detection times statistically. A full-score EDS of 9 was seen in 28.4 % of all reports, in 4 % of DRs, in 21.4 % of SRs, and in 72.3 % of TBSRs (p < 0.0001). Median EDS of DRs was 7, of SRs 8, and of TBSRs 9 (p < 0.0001). Data regarding tumor localization, tumor size, specific grading, angioinvasion, hormone receptor status, and additional findings were mentioned more frequently in TBSRs compared to other format type reports with a statistically highly significant difference (p < 0.0001). Mean data detection time decreased significantly from 26 to 20 and 14 s in DRs, SRs, and TBSRs, respectively. Our results clearly show that due to the use of TBSRs reporting of oncological breast resection specimens are improved regarding the content of essential data and the clarity of the data layout resulting in a rapid detection of essential data by clinicians.

  3. Is pretenure interdisciplinary research a career risk?

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Fischer, E. V.; Mackey, K. R. M.; Cusack, D. F.; DeSantis, L. R. G.; Hartzell-Nichols, L.; Lutz, J. A.; Melbourne-Thomas, J.; Meyer, R.; Riveros-Iregui, D. A.; Sorte, C. J. B.; Taylor, J. R.; White, S. A.

    2012-08-01

    Despite initiatives to promote interdisciplinary research, early-career academics continue to perceive professional risks to working at the interface between traditional disciplines. Unexpectedly, the inherent practical challenges of interdisciplinary scholarship, such as new methodologies and lexicons, are not the chief source of the perceived risk. The perception of risk is pervasive across disciplines, and it persists despite efforts to support career development for individuals with common interests [Mitchell and Weiler, 2011]. Suggestions that interdisciplinary work can go unrewarded in academia [Clark et al., 2011] foster a concern that targeting interdisciplinary questions, such as those presented by climate change, will pose problems for acquiring and succeeding in a tenure-track position. If self-preservation limits the questions posed by early-career academics, a perceived career risk is as damaging as a real one to new transdisciplinary initiatives. Thus, institutions should address the source of this perception whether real or specious.

  4. The WIRED Survey. 2; Infrared Excesses in the SDSS DR7 White Dwarf Catalog

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Debes, John H.; Hoard, D. W.; Wachter, Stefanie; Leisawitz, David T.; Cohen, Martin

    2011-01-01

    With the launch of the Wide-field Infrar.ed Survey Explorer (WISE), a new era of detecting planetary debris and brown dwarfs (BDs) around white dwarfs (WDs) has begun with the WISE InfraRed Excesses around Degenerates (WIRED) Survey. The WIRED Survey is sensitive to substellar objects and dusty debris around WDs out to distances exceeding 100 pc, well beyond the completeness level of local WDs. In this paper, we present a cross-correlation of the preliminary Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 7 (DR7) WD catalog between the WISE, Two-Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS), and SDSS DR7 photometric catalogs. From -18,000 input targets, there are WISE detections comprising 344 "naked" WDs (detection of the WD photosphere only), 1020 candidate WD+M dwarf binaries, 42 candidate WD+BD systems, 52 candidate WD+dust disk systems, and 69 targets with indeterminate infrared excess. We classified all of the detected targets through spectral energy distribution model fitting of the merged optical, near-IR, and WISE photometry. Some of these detections could be the result of contaminating sources within the large (approx. 6") WISE point-spread function; we make a preliminary estimate for the rates of contamination for our WD+BD and WD+disk candidates and provide notes for each target of interest. Each candidate presented here should be confirmed with higher angular resolution infrared imaging or infrared spectroscopy. We also present an overview of the observational characteristics of the detected WDs in the WISE photometric bands, including the relative frequencies of candidate WD+M, WD+BD, and WD+disk systems.

  5. History of forensic medicine in Turkey.

    PubMed

    Oguz, Polat; Cem, Uysal

    2009-05-01

    Turkey has a short history of forensic medicine compared to the developed countries. Sultan Mahmud II established the first medical school of the Ottoman Empire named as Mekteb-i Tibbiye-i Sahane to provide health services to the army in 1839 [Gok S. Tomorrow, today and yesterday of the forensic medicine. 1st ed. Istanbul: Temel printing office; 1995]. It is also accepted as an important milestone of both medical education and forensic medicine in Turkey [Gok S and Ozen C. History and organization of forensic. 1st ed. Istanbul: Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical School Publications; 1982]. The first lecturer of forensic medicine at Mekteb-i Tibbiye-i Sahane was Dr. Charles Ambroise Bernard (C.A.). and he was also the first to perform autopsy in the history of Ottoman Empire [Gok, 1995]. Approximately 40 years after the first forensic medicine lecture in 1879, the Department of Medical Jurisprudence was established as a division of Zabita Tababet-i Adliye (Law Enforcement Office) in Istanbul [Sehsuvaroğlu and Ozen. History and development of forensic medicine in the world and in our country. Mag Istanbul Univ Med Fac 1974;36(60)]. This paper documents the first two cases of autopsies performed in Turkey with the original papers from the National Library.

  6. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Cooke, Gary A.; Pestovich, John A.; Huber, Heinz J.

    This report presents the results for solid phase characterization (SPC) of solid samples removed from tank 241-C-108 (C-108) on August 12-13,2012, using the off-riser sampler. Samples were received at the 222-S Laboratory on August 13 and were described and photographed. The SPC analyses that were performed include scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using the ASPEX(R)l scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction (XRD) using the Rigaku(R) 2 MiniFlex X-ray diffractometer, and polarized light microscopy (PLM) using the Nikon(R) 3 Eclipse Pol optical microscope. The SEM is equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) to provide chemical information. Gary A. Cooke conducted themore » SEM analysis, John A. Pestovich performed the XRD analysis, and Dr. Heinz J. Huber performed the PLM examination. The results of these analyses are presented here.« less

  7. KSC-04PD-0120

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    2004-01-01

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. Dr. Ed Galindo speaks to the visitors at the memorial service held at the Space Memorial Mirror for the crew of Columbia. Galindo is science educator of Shoshone-Bannock High School and introduced the dancers from the Shoshone-Bannock Native American community in Fort Hall, Idaho. The dancers performed a healing ceremony during the memorial. Students and staff of the Shoshone-Bannock Nation had an experiment on board Columbia. Feb. 1 is the one-year anniversary of the loss of the crew and orbiter Columbia in a tragic accident as the ship returned to Earth following mission STS-107. The public was invited to the memorial service, held in the KSC Visitor Complex, which included comments by Center Director Jim Kennedy and Executive Director of Florida Space Authority Winston Scott. Scott is a former astronaut who flew on Columbia in 1997.

  8. Assessment of intrinsic small signal parameters of submicron SiC MESFETs

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Riaz, Mohammad; Ahmed, Muhammad Mansoor; Rafique, Umair; Ahmed, Umer Farooq

    2018-01-01

    In this paper, a technique has been developed to estimate intrinsic small signal parameters of submicron SiC MESFETs, designed for high power microwave applications. In the developed technique, small signal parameters are extracted by involving drain-to-source current, Ids instead of Schottky barrier depletion layer expression. It has been demonstrated that in SiC MESFETs, the depletion layer gets modified due to intense transverse electric field and/or self-heating effects, which are conventionally not taken into account. Thus, assessment of AC small signal parameters by employing depletion layer expression loses its accuracy for devices meant for high power applications. A set of expressions for AC small signal elements has been developed using Ids and its dependence on device biasing has been discussed. The validity of the proposed technique has been demonstrated using experimental data. Dr. Ahmed research interests are in Microelectronics, Microwave and RF Engineering and he has supervised numerous MS and PhD research projects. He authored over 100 research papers in the field of microelectronics. Dr. Ahmed is a fellow of the Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET), UK.; a Chartered Engineer (CEng) from the UK Engineering Council and holds the title of European Engineer (Eur Ing) from the European Federation of National Engineering Association (FEANI), Brussels. He is a life member of PEC (Pak); EDS & MTTS (USA).

  9. Imagine a Dream of Love, Ripple

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Witt, Jerry A. (Tony)

    2014-03-01

    MATH 1st, Mc2 /r2 = E / r = 2 / . 5 = 1 < 3 , (< 3) is a heart (feelings matter, thanks!). this equation shows that or 3 dimensional universe is also the singularity enfold(ed)ing and unfold(ed)ing unto itself. (c2) needing space being rate is distance distance over time, also a square being a flat surface of no depth would make the universe which has a mass flat in all directions simultaneously quantum (G) I believe. (r) being half distance would illustrate a double inversion being 2 + 1 = 3 , as in dimensional reality. A double inverse expressing a reverse, thus Verlinde's principal should be a simple law rather than a question. Equal and opposite forces cancelling, motion requiring initial force all points connected as a singularity as well as dimensional cancelling one another out as well as fueling motion, as supported by Doug Singleton's, Perpetuum Mobile paper. bringing into question thermodynamic laws heat more likely exhausted energy, motion rate being a matter of relative energy use as well as rate in accordance with Verlinde's and Singleton's works (thanks and thanks again Doug). I should mention Hawking and Al are two of the funnest guys ever, physics is phun. Title is of the music and some of the hearts that have guided this path. John, Dr. King, Bob, favorite Grateful Dead song. Family, friends, kids (friends), 9083L strength fare treatment for labor being self respect.

  10. Methods for Probing New Physics at High Energies

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Denton, Peter B.

    This dissertation covers two broad topics. The title, " Methods for Probing New Physics at High Energies," hopefully encompasses both of them. The first topic is located in part I of this work and is about integral dispersion relations. This is a technique to probe for new physics at energy scales near to the machine energy of a collider. For example, a hadron collider taking data at a given energy is typically only sensitive to new physics occurring at energy scales about a factor of five to ten beneath the actual machine energy due to parton distribution functions. This technique is sensitive to physics happening directly beneath the machine energy in addition to the even more interesting case: directly above. Precisely where this technique is sensitive is one of the main topics of this area of research. The other topic is located in part II and is about cosmic ray anisotropy at the highest energies. The unanswered questions about cosmic rays at the highest energies are numerous and interconnected in complicated ways. What may be the first piece of the puzzle to fall into place is determining their sources. This work looks to determine if and when the use of spherical harmonics becomes sensitive enough to determine these sources. The completed papers for this work can be found online. For part I on integral dispersion relations see reference published in Physical Review D. For part II on cosmic ray anisotropy, there are conference proceedings published in the Journal of Physics: Conference Series. The analysis of the location of an experiment on anisotropy reconstruction is, and the comparison of different experiments' abilities to reconstruct anisotropies is published in The Astrophysical Journal and the Journal of High Energy Astrophysics respectively. While this dissertation is focused on three papers completed with Tom Weiler at Vanderbilt University, other papers were completed at the same time. The first was with Nicusor Arsene, Lauretiu Caramete, and Octavian Micu in Romania on the detectability of quantum black holes in extensive air showers. The next was with Luis Anchordoqui, Haim Goldberg, Thomas Paul, Luiz da Silva, Brian Vlcek, and Tom Weiler on placing limits on Weinberg's Higgs portal, originally written to explain anomalous Neff values, from direct detection and collider experiments which was published in Physical Review D. The final was completed at Fermilab with Stephen Parke and Hisakazu Minakata on a perturbative description of neutrino oscillations in matter which was published in the Journal of High Energy Physics, and the code behind this paper is publicly available.

  11. The archaeology of geological catastrophes. W.J. McGuire, D.R. Griffiths, P.L. Hancock , I.S. Stewart (Eds.); Special Publication 171, The Geological Society of London, 417 pages, hardcover, illustrated, £79.00 (available through the AAPG at a special price of $78.00)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lomnitz, Cinna

    2001-04-01

    This is an interdisciplinary collection of 28 professional papers by geologists and archaeologists that addresses the identification and cultural significance of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions by archaeological techniques. While the majority of the papers are about Europe and the Mediterranean area, there are two papers on Mexico: one by Plunket and Uruñuela of the Universidad de las Américas on some excavations at the northeastern foothills of Popocatépetl Volcano in order to document a First Century AD eruption and the other by González, Pastrana, Siebe, and Duller on dating the eruption of Xitle Volcano from materials recovered at the site of Cuicuilco Pyramid in Mexico City.

  12. KSC-97PC1281

    NASA Image and Video Library

    1997-08-22

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Following the presentation of the Universal Signal Conditioning Amplifier (USCA), a new piece of technology developed through a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) partnership with industry, to Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Director Roy Bridges, Jr., key participants in the partnership pose for a group portrait. They are (from left) Bill Larson, NASA; Dr. Pedro Medelius, INET; Roy Bridges, Jr., KSC Director; Ed Gladney and William Saputo, L-3 Communications; Pam Gillespi, representing Congressman Dave Weldon; and Frank Kinney, Technological Research and Development Authority. The USCA is a key component of the codeveloped Automated Data Acquisition System (ADAS) that measures temperature, pressure and vibration at KSC's launch pads. The breakthrough technology is expected to reduce sensor setup and configuration times from hours to seconds. KSC teamed up with Florida's Technological Research and Development Authority and manufacturer L-3 Communications to produce a system that would benefit the aerospace industry and other commercial markets

  13. Key participants in codeveloped technology pose for group picture

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1997-01-01

    Following the presentation of the Universal Signal Conditioning Amplifier (USCA), a new piece of technology developed through a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) partnership with industry, to Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Director Roy Bridges, Jr., key participants in the partnership pose for a group portrait. They are (from left) Bill Larson, NASA; Dr. Pedro Medelius, INET; Roy Bridges, Jr., KSC Director; Ed Gladney and William Saputo, L-3 Communications; Pam Gillespi, representing Congressman Dave Weldon; and Frank Kinney, Technological Research and Development Authority. The USCA is a key component of the codeveloped Automated Data Acquisition System (ADAS) that measures temperature, pressure and vibration at KSC's launch pads. The breakthrough technology is expected to reduce sensor setup and configuration times from hours to seconds. KSC teamed up with Florida's Technological Research and Development Authority and manufacturer L-3 Communications to produce a system that would benefit the aerospace industry and other commercial markets.

  14. The impact of mixing lithologies in clast shape measurements on its discriminatory power - a case study from a temperate Alpine glacier

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lukas, S.; Coray, S.; Graf, A.; Schlüchter, C.

    2009-04-01

    Clast shape measurements have become a standard tool in the reconstruction of transport histories in a variety of depositional settings (Demir et al., 2009). In glacial environments, the combined use of clast form and roundness has become an established tool in the past 15 years or so, and environments where this tool has been used range from temperate and polythermal to cold-based glaciers. In addition, the method has been transferred to palaeo-environments where the knowledge gained in aforementioned studies has taken the degree of accuracy in sedimentological investigations to a higher level (cf. Lukas et al., 2009, and references therein). All of these studies use the approach originally advocated by Benn and Ballantyne (1994), but perhaps the most notable difference is that some researchers mix different lithologies within their samples of 50 clasts. However, the role of lithology on clast shape in a glacial environment has never been systematically analysed, except for one pilot study (Bennett et al., 1997). Likewise, some previous studies have highlighted the problem of distinguishing between fluvial and subglacially-transported clasts using co-variance plots, and thus, more work is needed in both these respects. We here present a set of clast shape data gathered from the foreland and surrounding slopes of temperate Findelengletscher, Switzerland, to (a) test the versatility of clast shape in distinguishing of populations of clasts transported along different paths and (b) assess the role of lithology on the discriminatory potential of the method, most notably using co-variance plots. The main result of this pilot study is that the sampled lithology has a marked effect on clast shape results within the same control group. This is manifest in an overlap of envelopes in both RA- or RWR-C40-covariance plots. If kept separate, all three lithologies display separate control envelopes, in this case in RWR-C40-co-variance plots, thus keeping their discriminatory power. Therefore, at each locality 50 clasts of the same lithology should be measured to allow a clear distinction of different transport paths. References Benn DI, Ballantyne CK. 1994. Reconstructing the transport history of glacigenic sediments: a new approach based on the co-variance of clast shape indices. Sedimentary Geology 91: 215-227. Bennett MR, Hambrey MJ, Huddart D. 1997. Modification of clast shape in high-arctic glacial environments. Journal of Sedimentary Research 67(3): 550-559. Demir T, Lukas S, Warburton J, Bridgland DR. 2009. A review of clast shape analysis. In: Bridgland DR. (ed). Clast lithological analysis. Technical Guide. Quaternary Research Association: London, in press. Lukas S, Coray S, Graf A, Schlüchter S. 2009. The influence of clast lithology and fluvial reworking on the reliability of clast shape measurements in glacial environments - a case study from a temperate Alpine glacier. In: Bridgland DR. (ed). Clast lithological analysis. Technical Guide. Quaternary Research Association: London, in press.

  15. An outsider's perspective on a provocative proposal: what would Flexner think?

    PubMed

    Anderson, M Brownell

    2010-01-01

    This viewpoint commentary focuses on a proposal for integrated anatomy education in undergraduate college from Dr. Darda published in the Anatomical Sciences Education. Although the proposal is for college level education, the proposal echoes some ideas proposed a century ago by Abraham Flexner when he wrote his report titled "Medical Education in the United States and Canada." It begins with an acknowledgement of the author's status as an outsider. There have been numerous calls for change in basic science education, particularly in medical education. Interestingly, however, the monumental reforms of the "Flexner Report" were impelled largely from outside the specific discipline of medical education. The commentary discussion then moves to observations about the proposal for Integrative Anatomy and support for the proposal from both the Flexner Report and the 2009 report from the Association of American Medical Colleges and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, "Scientific Foundations for Future Physicians." The essay considers the benefits of the research on the learning sciences that now inform our work in education; the influence of competency-based education that frees education from a lock-step approach of course completion to a student-focused integrative approach to learning; and the availability of online resources for anatomy education through repositories, such as MedEdPORTAL. The final observation is that the changes underway in education and in the sciences basic to medicine, in particular, are substantial and will require the dialogue that Dr. Darda is promoting with his provocative proposal. Copyright 2010 American Association of Anatomists.

  16. Influence of the Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy on the Potential for Normalization of Immune Status in Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1–Infected Individuals

    PubMed Central

    Okulicz, Jason F.; Le, Tuan D.; Agan, Brian K.; Camargo, Jose F.; Landrum, Michael L.; Wright, Edwina; Dolan, Matthew J.; Ganesan, Anuradha; Ferguson, Tomas M.; Smith, Davey M.; Richman, Douglas D.; Little, Susan J.; Clark, Robert A.; He, Weijing; Ahuja, Sunil K.

    2014-01-01

    IMPORTANCE In individuals with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection who are receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), factors that promote full immune recovery are not well characterized. OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of the timing of ART relative to HIV-1 infection on normalization of CD4+ T-cell counts, AIDS risk, and immune function. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Participants in the observational US Military HIV Natural History Study with documented estimated dates of seroconversion (EDS) who achieved virologic suppression with ART were evaluated. Markers indicative of immune activation, dysfunction, and responsiveness were determined. Responses to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine, an indicator of in vivo immune function, were also assessed. The timing of ART was indexed to the EDS and/or entry into the cohort. The CD4+ counts in HIV-1–uninfected populations were surveyed. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Normalization of CD4+ counts to 900 cells/μL or higher, AIDS development, HBV vaccine response, as well as T-cell activation, dysfunction, and responsiveness. RESULTS The median CD4+ count in HIV-1–uninfected populations was approximately 900 cells/μL. Among 1119 HIV-1–infected participants, CD4+ normalization was achieved in 38.4% vs 28.3% of those initiating ART within 12 months vs after 12 months from the EDS (P = .001). Incrementally higher CD4+ recovery (<500,500–899, and ≥900 cells/μL) was associated with stepwise decreases in AIDS risk and reversion of markers of immune activation, dysfunction, and responsiveness to levels approximating those found in HIV-1–uninfected persons. Participants with CD4+ counts of 500 cells/μL or higher at study entry (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.00; 95% CI, 1.51–2.64; P < .001) or ART initiation (aOR, 4.08; 95% CI, 3.14–5.30; P < .001) had significantly increased CD4+ normalization rates compared with other participants. However, even among individuals with a CD4+ count of 500 cells/μL or higher at both study entry and before ART, the odds of CD4+ normalization were 80% lower in those initiating ART after 12 months from the EDS and study entry (aOR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.07–0.53; P = 001). Initiation of ART within 12 months of EDS vs later was associated with a significantly lower risk of AIDS (7.8% vs 15.3%; P = .002), reduced T-cell activation (percent CD4+HLA-DR+ effector memory T cells, 12.0% vs 15.6%; P = .03), and increased responsiveness to HBV vaccine (67.9% vs 50.9%; P = .07). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Deferral of ART beyond 12 months of the EDS diminishes the likelihood of restoring immunologic health in HIV-1–infected individuals. PMID:25419650

  17. HUBBLE OBSERVES THE PLANET URANUS

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    2002-01-01

    This NASA Hubble Space Telescope image of the planet Uranus reveals the planet's rings and bright clouds and a high altitude haze above the planet's south pole. Hubble's new view was obtained on August 14, 1994, when Uranus was 1.7 billion miles (2.8 billion kilometers) from Earth. These details, as imaged by the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2, were only previously seen by the Voyager 2 spacecraft, which flew by Uranus in 1986. Since then, none of these inner satellites has been further observed, and detailed observations of the rings have not been possible. Though Uranus' rings were discovered indirectly in 1977 (through stellar occultation observations), they have never before been seen in visible light through a ground-based telescope. Hubble resolves several of Uranus' rings, including the outermost Epsilon ring. The planet has a total of 11 concentric rings of dark dust. Uranus is tipped such that its rotation axis lies in the plane of its orbit, so the rings appear nearly face-on. Three of Uranus' inner moons each appear as a string of three dots at the bottom of the picture. This is because the picture is a composite of three images, taken about six minutes apart, and then combined to show the moons' orbital motions. The satellites are, from left to right, Cressida, Juliet, and Portia. The moons move much more rapidly than our own Moon does as it moves around the Earth, so they noticeably change position over only a few minutes. One of the four gas giant planets of our solar system, Uranus is largely featureless. HST does resolve a high altitude haze which appears as a bright 'cap' above the planet's south pole, along with clouds at southern latitudes (similar structures were observed by Voyager). Unlike Earth, Uranus' south pole points toward the Sun during part of the planet's 84-year orbit. Thanks to its high resolution and ability to make observations over many years, Hubble can follow seasonal changes in Uranus's atmosphere, which should be unusual given the planet's large tilt. Credit: Kenneth Seidelmann, U.S. Naval Observatory, and NASA These observations were conducted by a team led by Dr. Ken Seidelmann of the U.S. Naval Observatory as Principal Investigator. These images have been processed by Professor Douglas Currie and Mr. Dan Dowling in the Department of Physics at the University of Maryland. Other team members are Dr. Ben Zellner at Georgia Southern University, Dr. Dan Pascu and Mr. Jim Rhode at the U.S. Naval Observatory, and Dr. Ed Wells, Mr. Charles Kowal (Computer Science Corporation) and Dr. Alex Storrs of the Space Telescope Science Institute.

  18. A Center for Advanced Electrical and Structural Polymers

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1988-10-31

    REPORT I 3b. TIME COVERED 14. DATE OF REPORT (Year, Month, Oay) IS. PAGE COUNT Final j FROM TO 44 16. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTATION 17. COSATI CODES 18...Banhegyi Dr. N. Easwar Dr. Z. Chai Dr. K. Liang Dr. S. Choe Dr. G. Smyth Dr. P. Cifra Dr. J . Kim Dr. W. Huh Dr. Q. Bhatia Dr. J . Grobelny Dr. P... J . Chen (WSU) Dr. G. Quin Dr. M. Sinksy (WSU) Dr. N. Segudovic Dr. R. Miller (WSU) Dr. G. Shy Dr. Y. Gur Mr. L. Wu Dr. T. Bleha Dr. A. Sikora Dr. H

  19. Emerging Technologies Program Integration Report. Volume 1. Narrative, Analyses and Assessment

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1987-05-04

    James S. (T) 31. GREGG, Dr. Michael C. (T) 61. REDDY, Dr. Raj (T) 2. ATLAS, Dr. David (T) 32. HADDAD, Dr. Genevieve M. 62. REDIKER, Dr. Robert H. 3...Dr. Martin C. 83. WEEKS, Dr. Wilford 6 24. FAETH, Dr. Gerald 54. MUNSON, Mr. John 84. WEINTRAUB, Dr. Daniel 1. (T) 25. FETTERMAN , Dr. Harold 55...T) 2. ATLAS, Dr. David (T) 32. HADDAD, Dr. Genevieve M. 62. REDIKER, Dr. Robert H. 3. BALDESCHWIELER, Dr. John (T) 33. HAMMOND, Dr. George S. 63

  20. Index of Oral Histories Relating to Naval Research and Development

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1985-01-01

    Repositories: NWC, DTNSRDC, NHC Individuals mentioned: Amlie, Dr. Thomas S. LaBerge , Dr. Walter McLean, Dr. William B. Parsons, RADM William S. Smith...future of R&D in the Navy. Repositories: NWC, DTNSRDC, NHC Individuals mentioned: Bennett, Dr. Ira Hollingsworth, Dr. Guilford L. LaBerge , Dr. Walter...DTNSRDC, NHC Individuals mentioned: Hunter, Dr. Hugh LaBerge . Dr. Walter McLean, Dr. William B. Brode, Dr. Wallace C. Sage, Dr. Bruce Wilson, Dr. Haskell

  1. PREFACE: Eighth International Conference on Dissociative Recombination (DR2010)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Guberman, Steven L.; Orel, Ann E.

    2011-07-01

    In dissociative recombination (DR), a molecular ion captures an electron and falls apart. One might initially conclude that this process is relatively simple. However, a review of the DR literature over the past 60 years, since the pioneering papers of Sir David Bates [1], shows that the study of DR has proved to be highly challenging for both theorists and experimentalists. Both this challenge and the ubiquitous importance of the process have made its study rewarding, endlessly interesting, and full of surprises. DR is fundamentally the interaction of an electronic continuum with a vibrational continuum often connected by quasibound intermediate states. Autoionization in the first continuum competes with dissociation in the second. DR occurs at the total energy of an ion plus a free electron and is in the same region as vibrationally excited Rydberg states and other neutral superexcited states. All these states interact with each other prior to dissociation, forming a complex that controls the quantum yields of products. The complexity of the process has required both innovation and ingenuity on the part of both theorists and experimentalists. Over the years, it has become apparent that in order to compare theoretical and experimental results, the experiments must identify the electronic, vibrational and for low mass ions, the rotational state. The traditional disagreement between theoretical and experimental results has been due, in part, to the sensitivity of DR cross sections and rate constants to the state of the recombining ion. Great progress has been made in recent years in both flowing afterglow and storage ring experiments aimed at reducing this uncertainty. The latest advances and insights in theory and experiment were the topics of the Eighth International Conference on Dissociative Recombination held at the Granlibakken Lodge at Lake, Tahoe, California, 16-20 August 2010. The conference was part of a series of conferences on DR that started at Chateau Lake Louise, Alberta, Canada in May, 1988 [2] and was followed in May 1992 [3] at L'Abbaye de Saint Jacut de la Mer, Brittany, France, in May, 1995 [4] at Ein Gedi, Israel, in June 1999 [5] on the island of Nässlingen in the Stockholm archipelago, Sweden, in August, 2001 [6] at Chicago, USA, in July, 2004 [7] at the Alte Mälzerei, Mosbach, Germany and in July, 2007 [8] at the Resort d'Amelander Kaap on the island of Ameland, The Netherlands. All papers from the last two conferences and this conference are freely available at http://iopscience.iop.org/1742-6596. In keeping with the tradition of prior DR conferences, all papers in this volume have been refereed. Our thanks go to the referees for their efforts. Travel support for conference participants was provided by NSF grant ATM-0838061 and NASA grant NNX09AQ73G to SLG. We thank Priscilla Kujawski for proofreading the Dedication. Steven L GubermanAnn E OrelEditors Conference photograph Participants of the 8th International Conference on Dissociative Recombination: Theory, Experiments and Applications. 1. Stephen Pratt18. Randy Vane35. Robert Continetti 2. Chris Greene19. Claude Krantz36. Henrik Buhr 3. Bastiaan Braams20. Xavier Urbain37. Mats Larsson 4. Ed Grant21. Hidekazu Takagi38. Dirk Schwalm 5. Christian Nordhorn22. Brian Mitchell39. Evelyne Roueff 6. Steen Brønsted Nielsen23. Andreas Wolf40. Pascal Pernot 7. Dermot Madden24. Daren Stotler41. Stefan Rosén 8. Radek Plašil25. Slava Kokoouline42. Rainer Johnsen 9. Daniel Savin26. David Schultz43. Xiaohong Cai 10. Jonathan Tennyson27. Mourad Telmini44. Dan Haxton 11. Peet Hickman28. Ruth Malenda45. Åsa Larson 12. Michael Fogle29. Slim Chourou46. Dahbia Talbi 13. Waffeu Tamo Francois Oliver30. Petr Dohnal47. Ann Orel 14. Christian Jungen31. Julia Stützel48. Steven Guberman 15. Ilya Fabrikant32. Ioan Schneider49. Jane Fox 16. Wolf Geppert33. Nicholas Shuman50. Richard Thomas 17. Oldřich Novotný34. Holger Kreckel51. Fangfang Ruan

  2. A New Approach on Sampling Microorganisms from the Lower Stratosphere

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gunawan, B.; Lehnen, J. N.; Prince, J.; Bering, E., III; Rodrigues, D.

    2017-12-01

    University of Houston's Undergraduate Student Instrumentation Project (USIP) astrobiology group will attempt to provide a cross-sectional analysis of microorganisms in the lower stratosphere by collecting living microbial samples using a sterile and lightweight balloon-borne payload. Refer to poster by Dr. Edgar Bering in session ED032. The purpose of this research is two-fold: first, to design a new system that is capable of greater mass air intake, unlike the previous iterations where heavy and power-intensive pumps are used; and second, to provide proof of concept that live samples are accumulated in the upper atmosphere and are viable for extensive studies and consequent examination for their potential weather-altering characteristics. Multiple balloon deployments will be conducted to increase accuracy and to provide larger set of data. This paper will also discuss visual presentation of the payload along with analyzed information of the captured samples. Design details will be presented to NASA investigators for professional studies

  3. Technial Programme Committee

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    2014-06-01

    Chairpersons Dr Dinesh Sathyamoorthy, Science & Technology Research Institute for Defence (STRIDE), Ministry of Defence, Malaysia Associate Professor Sr Dr Abdul Rashid Mohamed Shariff, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia Dr Ahmad Fikri Abdullah, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia Dr Farrah Melissa Muharram, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia Members Professor Dr Li Jing, Beijing Normal University, China Professor Dr Iyyanki Muralikrishna, Administrative Staff College of India (ASCI), India Professor Dr Alias Abdul Rahman, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia Professor Dr Ismat Mohamed El Hassan, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia Professor Dr George Miliaresis, Open University of Cyprus, Cyprus Professor Dr Christine Pohl, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia Professor Dr Mahender Kotha, Goa University, India Associate Professor Dr Paolo Gamba, University of Pavia, Italy Associate Professor Dr Behara Seshadri Daya Sagar, Indian Statistical Institute (ISI), India Associate Professor Sr Ranjit Singh, Infrastructure University Kuala Lumpur (IUKL), Malaysia Associate Professor Dr Abdul Nasir Matori, Universiti Teknologi Petronas (UTP), Malaysia Associate Dr Lucian Dragut, West University of Timişoara, Romania Associate Professor Dr Saied Pirasteh, Islamic Azad University, Iran Associate Professor Dr Peter Yuen, Cranfield University, United Kingdom Associate Professor Dr Lim Hwee San, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Malaysia Associate Professor Dr Wayan Suparta, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Malaysia Associate Professor Dr Tuong Thuy Vu, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Malaysia Associate Professor Dr Maged Mahmoud Marghany, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia Associate Professor Dr Rami Al-Ruzouq, University of Sharjah, UAE Associate Professor Dr Biswajeet Pradhan, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia Associate Professor Dr Helmi Zulhaidi Mohd Shafri, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia Associate Professor Dr Benny Peter, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia Associate Professor Dr Norzailawati Mohd Nor, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Malaysia Dr Josée Lévesque, Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC), Canada Dr Ali Ariapour, Islamic Azad University, Iran Dr Zulkiflee Abd Latif, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia Dr Lim Tien Sze, Multimedia University (MMU), Malaysia Dr Ruzinoor Che Mat, Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM), Malaysia Dr Eran Sadek Said Md Sadek, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia Dr Siti Khairunniza Bejo, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) Dr Ramin Nourqolipour, National Organization of Forest, Range and Watershed Manage Sr Mohktar Azizi Mohd Din, Universiti Malaya Col (Rt) Frederic Hernoust, Magelli Marzieh Mokarram, University of Isf Mohd Fadhil Abuhan, Royal Malaysian Police, Malaysia

  4. Committee for International Conference on Mechanical Engineering Research (ICMER 2011)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yusoff, Ahmad Razlan Bin

    2012-09-01

    Scientific Advisory Committee: 1) Prof. Dr. Ahmad Kamal Ariffin (UKM) 2) Prof. Dr. Hj. Rosli Abu Bakar (UMP) 3) Prof. Dr. Hanafi Ismail (USM) 4) Prof. Ir. Dr. Mohd Jailani Mohd Nor (MoHE) 5) Prof. Dr. Zahari Taha (UMP) 6) Prof. Dr. Masjuki Haji Hassan 7) Prof. Ir. Dr. Ramesh Singh (UNITEN) 8) Prof. Dr. Razali Ayob (UTEM) 9) Prof. Dr. Wan Khairuddin (UTM) 10) Prof. Dr. Sulaiman Hj. Hasan (UTHM) 11) Prof. Dr. Zuraidah Mohd. Zain (UniMAP) 12) Prof. Dr. Horizon Gitano (USM) 13) Prof. Dr. K.V Sharma (UMP) 14) Prof. Dr. Shahrani Anuar (UMP) 15) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Abd Rashid Abd. Aziz (UTP) 16) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Aidy Ali (UPM) 17) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Saidur Rahman (UM) 18) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Md Abdul Maleque (UIA) Organizing Committee Chairman: Prof. Dr. Hj. Rosli Abu Bakar Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Zahari Taha Co-Chair: Prof. Ir. Dr. Jailani Salihon Secretary: Dr. Rizalman Mamat Committee on Keynote Speaker 1) Kumaran Kadirgama (Chair) 2) Prof. Dr. K.V. Sharma 3) Haji Amirruddin Abdul Kadir 4) Miminorazeansuhaila Loman 5) Mohd Akramin Mohd Romlay Technical Committee (Peer Review & Proceedings) 1) Dr. Abdul Adam Abdullah (Chair) 2) Dr. Ahmad Razlan Yusoff 3) Mohd Yusof Taib 4) Dr. Md. Mustafizur Rahman 5) Dr. Hjh. Yusnita Rahayu 6) Dr. Gigih Priyandoko 7) Dr. Agung Sudrajad 8) Muhammad Hatifi Mansor 9) Mohd Fadzil Abdul Rahim Technical Committee (Panels & Session Chairs) 1) Dr. Mahadzir Ishak (Chair) 2) Prof. Dr. Shahrani Anuar 3) Dr. Maisara Mohyeldin Gasim Mohamed 4) Muhammad Ammar Nik Mu'tasim 5) Ahmad Basirul Subha bin Alias Technical Committee (Journal Publication) 1) Dr. Ahmad Razlan bin Yusoff (Chair) 2) Mohd Yusof Taib 3) Dr. Mahadzir Ishak 4) Dr. Abdul Adam Abdullah 5) Hj. Amirruddin Abdul Kadir 6) Hadi Abdul Salaam Bureau of Publicity & Website 1) Dr. Muhamad Arifpin Mansor (Chair) 2) Amir Abdul Razak 3) Idris Mat Sahat 4) Prof. Dr. Hj. Rosli Abu Bakar 5) Muhamad Zuhairi Sulaiman 6) Dr. Sugeng Ariyono 7) Asnul Hadi Ahmad 8) Mohd Tarmizy Che Kar 9) Mohd Padzly Radzi Bureau of Special Task & Poster 1) Lee Giok Chui (Chair) 2) Mohd Fadzil Abdul Rahim 3) Che Ku Eddy Nizwan 4) Hazami Che Hussain 5) Mohd Fazli Ismail 6) Mahdhir Mohd Yusof 7) Mohd Padzly Radzi 8) Rahimah Che Ramli Secretariats 1) Ir. Ahmad Rasdan Ismail (Chair) 2) Mohd Shahri Mohd Akhir 3) Luqman Hakim Ahmad Shah 4) Juliawati Alias 5) Nurazima Ismail 6) Mohamad Faizal Mohamed Zahri 7) Raja Allen Jordan Izzuddin Shah 8) Rosidah Mohd Norsat 9) Norshalawati Mat Yusof 10) Zainab Daud 11) Nur Sufiah Jamaludin 12) Azslinda Ibrahim 13) Nurul Azreen Zainal Abidin 14) Nurul Ashikin Mohd Khalil 15) Mohd Zaki Mohd Ali

  5. Expression Analysis of Dopamine Receptor Subtypes in Normal Human Pituitaries, Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas and Somatotropinomas, and the Association between Dopamine and Somatostatin Receptors with Clinical Response to Octreotide-LAR in Acromegaly

    PubMed Central

    Neto, Leonardo Vieira; Machado, Evelyn de O.; Luque, Raul M.; Taboada, Giselle F.; Marcondes, Jorge B.; Chimelli, Leila M. C.; Quintella, Leonardo Pereira; Niemeyer, Paulo; de Carvalho, Denise P.; Kineman, Rhonda D.; Gadelha, Mônica R.

    2009-01-01

    Context: Dopamine receptor (DR) and somatostatin receptor subtype expression in pituitary adenomas may predict the response to postsurgical therapies. Objectives: Our objectives were to assess and compare the mRNA levels of DR1-5 and somatostatin receptors 1–5 in normal pituitaries (NPs), nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs), and somatotropinomas. In addition, we determined whether the level of DR expression correlates with the in vivo response to octreotide-LAR in acromegalic patients. Design and Patients: Eight NPs, 30 NFPAs, and 39 somatotropinomas were analyzed for receptor mRNA levels by real-time RT-PCR. The DR2 short variant was estimated as the DR2 long/DR2 total (DR2T). The relationship between DR expression and the postsurgical response to octreotide-LAR was assessed in 19 of the acromegalic patients. Results: DR3 was not detected. The relationship between expression levels of DR subtypes in NPs and somatotropinomas was DR2T⋙DR4≫DR5>DR1, whereas in NFPAs, DR2T⋙DR4≫DR1>DR5. The DR2 short variant was the predominant DR2 variant in the majority of samples. In acromegalics treated with octreotide-LAR, DR1 was negatively correlated with percent GH reduction (3 months: r = −0.67, P = 0.002; and 6 months: r = −0.58, P = 0.009), and DR5 was positively correlated with percent IGF-I reduction (3 months: r = 0.55, P = 0.01; and 6 months: r = 0.47, P = 0.04). Conclusions: DR2 is the predominant DR subtype in NPs, NFPAs, and somatotropinomas. The fact that DR1, DR4, and DR5 are also expressed in many adenomas tested suggests that these receptors might also play a role in the therapeutic impact of postsurgical medical therapies in patients with NFPA and acromegaly. This was supported by the finding that the in vivo response to octreotide-LAR was negatively associated with DR1 and positively associated with DR5. PMID:19293270

  6. Toward New Horizons. Volume 10. Explosives and Terminal Ballistics

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1946-05-01

    DuBridge Dr. W. J. Sweeney Dr. Pol Duwez Dr. H. S. Tsien Dr. G. Gamow Dr. G. E. Valley Dr. I. A. Getting Dr. F. L. Wattendorf Dr. L. P. Hammett Dr. F...can be calculated, if the heat quantities for the explosive are known, and some assumptions are made concerning the equation of the state of the

  7. WIS Implementation Study Report. Volume 1. Main Report.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1983-10-01

    Luenberger, Prof. David G. * Stanford University Ries, Dr. Daniel R. * Computer Corporation of America Schill, John Naval Ocean Systems Center Shrier , Dr...Robert E. 43 Kaczmarek, Dr. Thomas S. 45 Klein, Dr. Stanely A. 47 Kramer, Dr. John F. 49 Larsen, Dr. Robert E. 55 Luenberger, Prof. David G. 58...Riddle, Dr. William E. 76 Ries, Dr. Daniel R. 82 Sapp, Mr. John W. 88 Shelley, Mr. Stephen H. 89 Shrier , Dr. Stefan 94 Slusarczuk, Dr. Marko M.G. 96

  8. Obituary: Edmond M. Reeves, 1934-2008

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Noyes, Robert; Parkinson, William

    2009-01-01

    With great sadness we report that Edmond (Ed) M. Reeves, a former leader of solar space research projects at Harvard College Observatory [HCO] and the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics [CfA], died on 8 August 2008, in Arlington, Virginia, after a long and heroic struggle with cancer. Ed was born in London, Ontario, Canada, on 14 January 1934. During his undergraduate and graduate years at the University of Western Ontario [UWO], he was in the Royal Canadian Navy (Reserve) as a Cadet (1952-1956), then as Instructing Officer, HMCS Prevost (1956-1959), and Lieutenant, Royal Canadian Navy (Reserve) retired. He received a Ph.D. in 1959 from the UWO, specializing in atomic and molecular physics. After two years of postdoctoral research in ultraviolet atomic spectroscopy at the Department of Physics, Imperial College, London, England, Ed joined the HCO Solar Satellite project, working with Leo Goldberg, Director of HCO, and pioneer in solar spectroscopy. In 1968, Ed was appointed Senior Research Associate at HCO, and in 1973 he received a joint appointment as Physicist at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory [SAO] when the CfA was initiated under George Field. During his seventeen years at the Observatory, Ed led a large and vibrant group of engineers and scientists in the Solar Satellite Project, developing a series of space missions to explore the extreme ultraviolet emission from the Sun. Ed also maintained his interest and research in laboratory atomic and molecular astrophysics and enjoyed a vigorous involvement in the HCO Shock Tube Laboratory. In the early 1960s, in the area of molecular spectroscopy, Ed and Bill Parkinson photographed the vacuum ultraviolet absorption spectrum of CO (the Fourth Positive system), which was produced at high temperature in a shock tube. This laboratory spectrum shortly led to the discovery of CO as an important source of opacity in the solar ultraviolet. Goldberg, who first identified CO vibration-rotation bands in the infrared solar spectrum in 1951, recognized at around 180 nm the prominent CO features in the shock tube spectra and in the solar spectra. The identification was confirmed by comparing the high-temperature laboratory spectra with published solar spectra taken by the Naval Research Laboratory with a rocket-borne spectrograph. Ed's work for the Solar Satellite Project included planning and carrying out laboratory, Vacuum UV absolute-intensity calibrations of the early rocket and satellite spectrometers. He set the requirement that the solar spectroscopic instruments have radiometric calibrations in the Vacuum UV, traceable to a laboratory standard. The space missions began with rocket experiments in the early 1960s, progressed to the Orbiting Solar Observatory [OSO] program in the mid-1960s, and culminated in the Extreme Ultraviolet Spectroheliometer on the Apollo Telescope Mount [ATM] of the Skylab missions in 1973 and 1974. Ed received NASA's Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal in 1974. This sequence of space instruments laid much of the early groundwork for our current understanding of the outer solar atmosphere. For example, the OSO observations revealed for the first time coronal "holes," which we now know are the seat of the fast solar wind. Another experiment of particular interest and importance to solar physics resulted from the launch of a rocket-borne objective grating spectrograph into the path of totality of a solar eclipse from Wallops Island, Virginia, on 7 March 1970. This lucky "rocket group" included Ralph Nicholls from York University, Canada; Reg Garton and Bob Speer from Imperial College, London; Bob Wilson, then from Culham in the UK; and, of course, Leo Goldberg and colleagues from HCO, a group made up of mentors, advisors, teachers, and friends of Ed's. The eclipse spectrogram revealed strong emission from neutral hydrogen (Lyman-alpha) in the solar corona. The discovery of the Lyman-alpha corona inspired the project for a Lyman-alpha coronagraph. At a Retirement Symposium dedicated to Ralph Nicholls in 1992, Ed recalled that at a coffee break about twenty years earlier, during the Skylab program at Houston, he, Bob Noyes, and Bob MacQueen outlined the need to develop a rocket-borne coronagraph to observe the hydrogen Lyman-alpha corona. Later, after returning to the CfA, Ed, Bob Noyes, and Bill Parkinson planned a rocket-borne spectrograph to image the extended corona, expecting to use a circular occulter. John Kohl joined the fledgling coronagraph project, and he realized that a linear external occulter would be better and also would match a spectrometer slit. This project became the origin of the Lyman-Alpha Coronagraph series of rocket and Spacelab experiments under John Kohl's leadership, culminating in the still-operating Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer [UVCS] experiment on the SOHO spacecraft. In 1978, Ed joined the High Altitude Observatory in Boulder, Colorado, where he was Head of Administration and Support before moving to NASA Headquarters in 1982. There he became Director of the Flight Systems Office in the Office of Life and Microgravity Sciences and Applications, with responsibility for integrated planning and science operations for research using the Spacelab, Spacehab, and Mir missions. He led the activities for the research requirements and planning for the International Space Station and served as the Space Station Senior Scientist, the Executive Secretary of the Space Station Utilization Advisory Subcommittee, and the Executive Secretary of the Space Station Utilization Board at NASA Headquarters He also served as NASA's representative to the international Users Operations Panel, which coordinates the utilization planning for the Station across the international partners. Ed retired from NASA in 1998. Ed was an outdoors man who enjoyed camping, canoeing, and cross-country skiing with his family. He is survived by his wife Vivian, son Dr. Geoffrey Reeves, daughter Laurie Webster, and three grandchildren. Ed's son Geoff is Group Leader for Space Science and Atmospheric Science at Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico. A funeral service took place on Friday, 15 August at The Falls Church, Falls Church, Virginia.

  9. 2011 Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers: the PECASE Awards Ceremony

    ScienceCinema

    Poneman, Daniel

    2018-05-31

    The winners for 2011 of the DOE PECASE Awards were recognized in a ceremony held August 01, 2012. Dr. Bill Brinkman, Director of the Office of Science introduced the main speaker, DOE Deputy Secretary Daniel B. Poneman. Leaders from across the Department and the fields of energy research and technology presented the 2011 winners. They are: Dr. Stanley Atcitty (SNL); Dr. Jeffrey W. Banks (LLNL); Dr. Amy J. Clarke (LANL); Derek R. Gaston (INL); Dr. Christopher Hirata (California Institute of Technology); Dr. Heileen Hsu-Kim (Duke University); Dr. Thomas Francisco (Jaramillo Stanford University); Dr.Pablo Jarillo-Herrero (MIT); Dr. Peter Mueller (ANL); Dr. Daniel B. Sinars (SNL); Dr. Jesse Thaler (MIT); and Dr. Heather Whitley (LLNL).

  10. 2011 Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers: the PECASE Awards Ceremony

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Poneman, Daniel

    2012-08-01

    The winners for 2011 of the DOE PECASE Awards were recognized in a ceremony held August 01, 2012. Dr. Bill Brinkman, Director of the Office of Science introduced the main speaker, DOE Deputy Secretary Daniel B. Poneman. Leaders from across the Department and the fields of energy research and technology presented the 2011 winners. They are: Dr. Stanley Atcitty (SNL); Dr. Jeffrey W. Banks (LLNL); Dr. Amy J. Clarke (LANL); Derek R. Gaston (INL); Dr. Christopher Hirata (California Institute of Technology); Dr. Heileen Hsu-Kim (Duke University); Dr. Thomas Francisco (Jaramillo Stanford University); Dr.Pablo Jarillo-Herrero (MIT); Dr. Peter Mueller (ANL); Dr.more » Daniel B. Sinars (SNL); Dr. Jesse Thaler (MIT); and Dr. Heather Whitley (LLNL).« less

  11. Self-diffusion in 69Ga121Sb/71Ga123Sb isotope heterostructures

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bracht, H.; Nicols, S. P.; Haller, E. E.; Silveira, J. P.; Briones, F.

    2001-05-01

    Gallium and antimony self-diffusion experiments have been performed in undoped 69Ga121Sb/71Ga123Sb isotope heterostructures at temperatures between 571 and 708 °C under Sb- and Ga-rich ambients. Ga and Sb profiles measured with secondary ion mass spectrometry reveal that Ga diffuses faster than Sb by several orders of magnitude. This strongly suggests that the two self-atom species diffuse independently on their own sublattices. Experimental results lead us to conclude that Ga and Sb diffusion are mediated by Ga vacancies and Sb interstitials, respectively, and not by the formation of a triple defect proposed earlier by Weiler and Mehrer [Philos. Mag. A 49, 309 (1984)]. The extremely slow diffusion of Sb up to the melting temperature of GaSb is proposed to be a consequence of amphoteric transformations between native point defects which suppress the formation of those native defects which control Sb diffusion. Preliminary experiments exploring the effect of Zn indiffusion at 550 °C on Ga and Sb diffusion reveal an enhanced intermixing of the Ga isotope layers compared to undoped GaSb. However, under the same conditions the diffusion of Sb was not significantly affected.

  12. Amplitude and Width Manipulations in Fitts' Paradigm: Comment on Heath et al. (2011) and Heath et al. (2016).

    PubMed

    Hoffmann, Errol R

    2017-01-01

    Heath, Weiler, Marriott, Elliott, and Binstead ( 2011 ) and Heath, Samani, Tremblay, and Elliott ( 2016 ) have claimed that there are dissociable movement times for amplitude and width manipulations in the Fitts' paradigm. This may to some extent be true, but the Heath et al. ( 2011 ) and Heath et al. ( 2016 ) data do not support that contention, as shown in this comment. It is shown that data from the research of Heath et al. is not in the range of index of difficulty where ongoing visual control would be used and hence their fits of data to Fitts' law are spurious. The data of Heath et al. ( 2011 ) for arm movements and for the primary eye saccade submovements of Heath et al. ( 2016 ) are well correlated by the ballistic movement time equation of Hoffmann ( 1981 ) and Gan and Hoffmann ( 1988 ). When the ballistic equation is used to model data for constant amplitude and constant target width conditions, the effects of the amplitude and width manipulations disappear. Other research indicates that the independent effects of movement amplitude occur due to changes in the time for the distance-covering phase of the movement.

  13. Integrated Cognition - A Proposed Definition of Ingredients, A Survey of Systems, and Example Architecture

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2004-10-01

    Information Proc- essing Technology Office (IPTO) for their support of this work. We thank Dr. John Salasin for his vision in conceiving these...ingredients of cognition identified in the INCOG framework presented herein, including: Dr. John R. Anderson, Mr. Albert-Laszlo Barabasi, Dr...Goertzel, Professor Marvin Minsky, Dr. Robert Hecht-Nielsen, Dr. Marcus J. Huber, Dr. John Laird, Professor Pat Langley, Dr. Christian Lebiere, Dr

  14. Association of HLA-DR1 with the allergic response to the major mugwort pollen allergen: molecular background.

    PubMed

    Knapp, Bernhard; Fischer, Gottfried; Van Hemelen, Dries; Fae, Ingrid; Maillere, Bernard; Ebner, Christof; Schreiner, Wolfgang; Bohle, Barbara; Jahn-Schmid, Beatrice

    2012-08-08

    Mugwort pollen allergens represent the main cause of pollinosis in late summer. The major allergen, Art v 1, contains only one single immunodominant, solely HLA-DR-restricted T cell epitope (Art v 125-36). The frequency of HLA-DRB1*01 is highly increased in mugwort-allergic individuals and HLA-DR1 serves as restriction element for Art v 125-36. However, Art v 125-36 also binds to HLA-DR4 with high affinity and DR1-restricted Art v 125-36 -specific T cell receptors can be activated by HLA-DR4 molecules. To understand the predominance of HLA-DR1 in mugwort allergy in spite of the degeneracy in HLA/peptide-binding and TCR-recognition, we investigated the molecular background of Art v 125-36 /MHC/TCR interactions in the context of HLA-DR1 compared to -DR4. The majority of Art v 125-36 -specific T cell lines and clones from HLA-DR1 carrying, mugwort pollen-allergic donors reacted to synthetic and naturally processed Art v 1-peptides when presented by HLA-DR1 or HLA-DR4 expressing antigen presenting cells. However, at limiting peptide concentrations DR1 was more effective in T cell stimulation. In addition, the minimal epitope for 50% of Art v 125-36 -specific T cells was shorter for DR1 than for DR4. In vitro binding assays of Art v 125-36 mutant peptides to isolated DR1- and DR4-molecules indicated similar binding capacities and use of the same register. In silico simulation of Art v 125-36 binding to HLA-DR1 and -DR4 suggested similar binding of the central part of the peptide to either molecule, but a higher flexibility of the N- and C-terminal amino acids and detachment at the C-terminus in HLA-DR1. The predominance of HLA-DR1 in the response to Art v 125-36 may be explained by subtle conformation changes of the peptide bound to DR1 compared to DR4. Computer simulation supported our experimental data by demonstrating differences in peptide mobility within the HLA-DR complex that may influence TCR-binding. We suggest that the minor differences observed in vitro may be more relevant in the microenvironment in vivo, so that only presentation by HLA-DR1, but not -DR4 permits successful T cell activation.

  15. The HLA-DRB9 gene and the origin of HLA-DR haplotypes.

    PubMed

    Gongora, R; Figueroa, F; Klein, J

    1996-11-01

    HLA-DRB9 is a gene fragment consisting of exon 2 and flanking intron sequences. It is located at the extreme end of the DRB subregion, whose other end is demarcated by the DRB1 locus. We sequenced approximately 1400 base pairs of the segment encompassing the DRB9 locus from eight human haplotypes (DR1, DR10, DR2, DR3, DR5, DR6, DR8, and DR9, the DR4 and DR7 having been sequenced by others earlier), as well as two chimpanzee, five gorillas, one orangutan and one macaque haplotype. The analysis of these sequences indicates that the DRB9 locus, which we estimate to be more than 58 million years (my) old, has been coevolving with the DRB1 locus for the last 4.2 my. As a consequence of this coevolution, the human DRB9 alleles fall into groups that correlate with the DRB1 allelic groups and with the gene organization of the human haplotypes. This observation implies that the present-day HLA-DR haplotype groups (DR1, DR51, DR52, DR8, and DR53) were founded more than 4 my ago and have remained intact (barring minor internal rearrangements that did not recombine the DRB1 and DRB9 genes) for this period of time. The haplotypes have been transmitted during speciations from ancestral to emerging species just like allelic lineages at the DRB1 locus. Thus not only allelic but also haplotype polymorphism evolves trans-specifically.

  16. Effect of N-acetylcysteine on the early expression of inflammatory markers in the retina and plasma of diabetic rats.

    PubMed

    Tsai, Gina Y; Cui, Jing Z; Syed, Husnain; Xia, Zhengyuan; Ozerdem, Ugur; McNeill, John H; Matsubara, Joanne A

    2009-03-01

    The aim of this study is to investigate markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in an early model of diabetic retinopathy, correlate retinal and plasma results and evaluate the influence of treatment by N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a free radical scavenger. Four groups were studied: control (C), streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats (D), STZ rats following 8 weeks of NAC (DT), and control rats following 8 weeks of NAC (CT). Plasma levels of free 15-F2t-isoprostane (15-F-2t-IsoP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were obtained. Primary antibodies against macrophages (ED-1), microglia (Ox-42), pericytes (NG-2), endothelial and perivascular cells (IB-4), haem oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were used. Expression of NG-2 was robust in C, CT, DT, and mild in D. The intensity of IB-4 was higher in D and DT compared with the C and CT. Ox-42 and ED-1 expression was higher in the D than in the DT, C or CT. Expression of VEGF and HO-1 was non-specific across the four groups. Plasma levels of 15-F-2t-IsoP and TNF-alpha were higher in the D as compared with the C, CT and DT. SOD levels were lower in the D when compared with the C, CT and D. Macrophage/microglia activation, pericyte loss and endothelial/perivascular cell changes occur early in the pathogenesis of DR. These changes are associated with an increase in plasma markers of oxidative stress and inflammation and are minimized by treatment with NAC. The results suggest that therapies that reduce free radicals will help minimize the early events in diabetic retinopathy in the STZ model.

  17. Tougu Xiaotong capsule inhibits the tidemark replication and cartilage degradation of papain-induced osteoarthritis by the regulation of chondrocyte autophagy.

    PubMed

    Li, Xihai; Lang, Wenna; Ye, Hongzhi; Yu, Fangrong; Li, Huiting; Chen, Jiashou; Cai, Liangliang; Chen, Wenlie; Lin, Ruhui; Huang, Yunmei; Liu, Xianxiang

    2013-06-01

    The tidemark is located between calcified and non-calcified cartilage matrices. Tidemark replication plays an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthrosis (OA). Autophagy, or cellular self-digestion, is an essential cellular homeostasis mechanism that was found to be deficient in osteoarthritic cartilage. This study evaluated the effects of Tougu Xiaotong capsule (TXC) on the tidemark replication and cartilage degradation, and also investigated LC3 I/II, which executes autophagy, the potential role of ULK1, an inducer of autophagy, and Beclin1, a regulator of autophagy, in the development of a papain-induced OA in rat knee joints. Using a papain-injected knee rat model, standard histological methods were used to validate our model as well as treatment with TXC or glucosamine (GlcN). After 12 weeks of treatment, the changes of cartilage structure were observed by digital radiography (DR), optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, and the LC3 I/II, ULK1 and Beclin1 levels were measured by western blotting. Cartilage degradation was evaluated by the Mankin score on paraffin-embedded sections stained with Safranin O-fast green. TXC was found to improve the arrangement of subchondral bone collagen fibers and calcium phosphate crystals, inhibit the tidemark replication and delay the cartilage degradation in the papain-induced OA. Our results also showed that LC3 I/II, ULK1 and Beclin1 levels in both the TXC+OA and GlcN+OA groups were significantly increased compared to those in the OA group. The results indicate that TXC could inhibit the tidemark replication and cartilage degradation by the regulation of chondrocyte autophagy.

  18. Epitope Analysis of the Collagen Type V-Specific T Cell Response in Lung Transplantation Reveals an HLA-DRB1*15 Bias in Both Recipient and Donor

    PubMed Central

    Keller, Melissa R.; Haynes, Lynn D.; Jankowska-Gan, Ewa; Sullivan, Jeremy A.; Agashe, Vrushali V.; Burlingham, Scott R.; Burlingham, William J.

    2013-01-01

    Background IL-17-dependent cellular immune responses to the α1 chain of collagen type V are associated with development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after lung transplantation, and with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and coronary artery disease, primary indications for lung or heart transplantation, respectively. Methodology/Principal Findings We found that 30% of the patients awaiting lung transplantation exhibited a strong cell-mediated immune response to col(V). Of these, 53% expressed HLA-DR15, compared to a 28% HLA-DR15 frequency in col(V) low-responders (p=0.02). After transplantation, patients with HLA-DR1 and -DR17, not -DR15, developed anti-col(V) responses most frequently (p=0.04 and 0.01 vs. controls, respectively). However, recipients of a lung from an HLA-DR15+ donor were at significantly elevated risk of developing anti-col(V) responses (p=0.02) and BOS (p=0.03). To determine the molecular basis of this unusual pattern of DR allele bias, a peptide library comprising the collagenous region of the α1(V) protein was screened for binding to HLA-DR0101, -DR1501, -DR0301 (DR17) or to HLA-DQ2 (DQA1*0501: DQB1*0201; in linkage disequilibrium with -DR17) and -DQ6 (DQA1*0102: DQB1*0602; linked to -DR15). Eight 15-mer peptides, six DR-binding and two DQ-binding, were identified. HLA-DR15 binding to two peptides yielded the highest binding scores: 650 (where 100 = positive control) for p799 (GIRGLKGTKGEKGED), and 193 for p1439 (LRGIPGPVGEQGLPG). These peptides, which also bound weakly to HLA-DR1, elicited responses in both HLA-DR1+ and -DR15+ col(V) reactive hosts, whereas binding and immunoreactivity of p1049 (KDGPPGLRGFPGDRG) was DR15-specific. Remarkably, a col(V)-reactive HLA-DR1+DR15neg lung transplant patient, whose donor was HLA-DR15+, responded not only to p799 and p1439, but also to p1049. Conclusions/Significance HLA-DR15 and IPF disease were independently associated with pre-transplant col(V) autoimmunity. The increased risk of de novo immunity to col(V) and BOS, associated with receiving a lung transplant from an HLA-DR15+ donor, may result from presentation by donor-derived HLA- DR15, of novel self-peptides to recipient T cells. PMID:24265781

  19. HUBBLE OBSERVES THE MOONS AND RINGS OF THE PLANET URANUS

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    2002-01-01

    This NASA Hubble Space Telescope image of the planet Uranus reveals the planet's rings, at least five of the inner moons, and bright clouds in the planet's southern hemisphere. Hubble now allows astronomers to revisit the planet at a level of detail not possible since the Voyager 2 spacecraft flew by the planet briefly, nearly a decade ago. Hubble's new view was obtained on August 14, 1994, when Uranus was 1.7 billion miles (2.8 billion kilometers) from Earth. Similar details, as imaged by the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2, were only previously seen by the Voyager 2 spacecraft that flew by Uranus in 1986 (the rings were discovered by stellar occultation experiments in 1977, but not seen directly until Voyager flew to Uranus). Since the flyby, none of these inner satellites has been observed further, and detailed observations of the rings and Uranus' atmosphere have not been possible, because the rings are lost in the planet's glare as seen through ground-based optical telescopes. Each of the inner moons appears as a string of three dots in this picture because it is a composite of three images, taken about six minutes apart. When these images are combined, they show the motion of the moons compared with the sky background. Because the moons move much more rapidly than our own Moon, they change position noticeably over only a few minutes. (These multiple images also help to distinguish the moons from stars and imaging detector artifacts, i.e., cosmic rays and electronic noise). Thanks to Hubble's capabilities, astronomers will now be able to determine the orbits more precisely. With this increase in accuracy, astronomers can better probe the unusual dynamics of Uranus' complicated satellite system. Measuring the moons' brightness in several colors might offer clues to the satellites' origin by providing new information on their mineralogical composition. Similar measurements of the rings should yield new insights into their composition and origin. One of the four gas giant planets of our solar system, Uranus is largely featureless. HST does reveal a high altitude haze which appears as a bright 'cap' above the planet's south pole, along with clouds at southern latitudes (similar structures were observed by Voyager). Unlike Earth, Uranus' south pole points toward the Sun during part of the planet's 84-year orbit. Thanks to its high resolution and ability to make observations over many years, Hubble can follow seasonal changes in Uranus' atmosphere, which should be unusual given the planet's large tilt. Credit: Kenneth Seidelmann, U.S. Naval Observatory, and NASA These observations were conducted by a team led by Dr. Ken Seidelmann of the U.S. Naval Observatory as Principal Investigator. These images have been processed by Professor Douglas Currie and Mr. Dan Dowling in the Department of Physics at the University of Maryland. Other team members are Dr. Ben Zellner at Georgia Southern University, Dr. Dan Pascu and Mr. Jim Rhode at the U.S. Naval Observatory, and Dr. Ed Wells, Mr. Charles Kowal (Computer Science Corporation) and Dr. Alex Storrs of the Space Telescope Science Institute.

  20. 1. View of three detection radar (DR) antennas. DR 1 ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    1. View of three detection radar (DR) antennas. DR 1 (structure no. 735) on left, DR 2 (structure no. 736) in center, and DR 3 (structure no. 737) looking north 30 degrees west, with tracking radar (large radome) and satcom (satellite communication) system in small radome in view between DR 2 and DR 3 antennae. - Clear Air Force Station, Ballistic Missile Early Warning System Site II, One mile west of mile marker 293.5 on Parks Highway, 5 miles southwest of Anderson, Anderson, Denali Borough, AK

  1. #Proana: Pro-Eating Disorder Socialization on Twitter.

    PubMed

    Arseniev-Koehler, Alina; Lee, Hedwig; McCormick, Tyler; Moreno, Megan A

    2016-06-01

    Pro-eating disorder (ED) online movements support engagement with ED lifestyles and are associated with negative health consequences for adolescents with EDs. Twitter is a popular social media site among adolescents that provides a unique setting for Pro-ED content to be publicly exchanged. The purpose of this study was to investigate Pro-ED Twitter profiles' references to EDs and how their social connections (followers) reference EDs. A purposeful sample of 45 Pro-ED profiles was selected from Twitter. Profile information, all tweets, and a random sample of 100 of their followers' profile information were collected for content analysis using the Twitter Application Programming Interface. A codebook based on ED screening guidelines was applied to evaluate ED references. For each Pro-ED profile, proportion of tweets with ED references and proportion of followers with ED references in their own profile were evaluated. In total, our 45 Pro-ED profiles generated 4,245 tweets for analysis. A median of 36.4% of profiles' tweets contained ED references. Pro-ED profiles had a median of 173 followers, and a median of 44.5% of followers had ED references. Pro-ED profiles with more tweets with ED references also tended to have more followers with ED references (β = .37, p < .01). Findings suggest that profiles which self-identify as Pro-ED express disordered eating patterns through tweets and have an audience of followers, many of whom also reference ED in their own profiles. ED socialization on Twitter might provide social support, but in the Pro-ED context this activity might also reinforce an ED identity. Copyright © 2016 The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved.

  2. Diabetic retinopathy and microalbuminuria can predict macroalbuminuria and renal function decline in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients: Japan Diabetes Complications Study.

    PubMed

    Moriya, Tatsumi; Tanaka, Shiro; Kawasaki, Ryo; Ohashi, Yasuo; Akanuma, Yasuo; Yamada, Nobuhiro; Sone, Hirohito; Yamashita, Hidetoshi; Katayama, Shigehiro

    2013-09-01

    To examine the interactive relationship between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type 2 diabetic patients and to elucidate the role of DR and microalbuminuria on the onset of macroalbuminuria and renal function decline. We explored the effects of DR and microalbuminuria on the progression of DN from normoalbuminuria and low microalbuminuria (<150 mg/gCr) to macroalbuminuria or renal function decline in the Japan Diabetes Complications Study (JDCS), which is a nationwide randomized controlled study of type 2 diabetic patients focusing on lifestyle modification. Patients were divided into four groups according to presence or absence of DR and MA: normoalbuminuria without DR [NA(DR-)] (n = 773), normoalbuminuria with DR [NA(DR+)] (n = 279), microalbuminuria without DR [MA(DR-)] (n = 277), and microalbuminuria with DR [MA(DR+)] (n = 146). Basal urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and DR status were determined at baseline and followed for a median of 8.0 years. Annual incidence rates of macroalbuminuria were 1.6/1,000 person-years (9 incidences), 3.9/1,000 person-years (8 incidences), 18.4/1,000 person-years (34 incidences), and 22.1/1,000 person-years (22 incidences) in the four groups, respectively. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios of the progression to macroalbuminuria were 2.48 (95% CI 0.94-6.50; P = 0.07), 10.40 (4.91-22.03; P < 0.01), and 11.55 (5.24-25.45; P < 0.01) in NA(DR+), MA(DR-), and MA(DR+), respectively, in comparison with NA(DR-). Decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) per year was two to three times faster in MA(DR+) (-1.92 mL/min/1.73 m(2)/year) than in the other groups. In normo- and low microalbuminuric Japanese type 2 diabetic patients, presence of microalbuminuria at baseline was associated with higher risk of macroalbuminuria in 8 years. Patients with microalbuminuria and DR showed the fastest GFR decline. Albuminuria and DR should be considered as risk factors of renal prognosis in type 2 diabetic patients. An open sharing of information will benefit both ophthalmologists and diabetologists.

  3. Type 1 diabetes risk for HLA-DR3 haplotypes depends on genotypic context: Association of DPB1 and HLA class I loci among DR3 and DR4 matched Italian patients and controls

    PubMed Central

    Noble, Janelle A.; Martin, Adelle; Valdes, Ana M.; Lane, Julie A.; Galgani, Andrea; Petrone, Antonio; Lorini, Renata; Pozzilli, Paolo; Buzzetti, Raffaella; Erlich, Henry A.

    2008-01-01

    Patients with high-risk HLA-DR-DQ genotypes for type 1 diabetes (T1D) were compared to HLA-matched controls to evaluate T1D risk for other HLA loci, including HLA-A, -B, -Cw, and DPB1. Patients (n=133) with high-risk genotypes (DR3/DR3, DR3/DR4, DR4/DR4) were selected from the Lazio (Rome) region of Italy. Screening of more than 9000 subjects from the Lazio region and northern Italy yielded 162 controls with high- T1D-risk haplotypes. Although the overall distributions were not significantly different, allele frequency differences were discovered between the controls from Lazio and those from Northern Italy for some alleles previously shown to affect T1D risk, such as A*3002, DPB1*0301, and DPB1*0402. Therefore, Lazio patient data were compared both to the Lazio subset of controls (n=53) and to the entire group of controls for association analyses. Significant allele frequency differences between patients and DR-DQ-matched controls were found for specific alleles at all loci. Data for the DR3/DR3 subset of patients and controls showed an increase of Cw*0702 in patients. Reduced patient, compared to control, frequencies were seen for several alleles, including A*0101, B*0801, and Cw*0701, all found on the highly-conserved, extended DR3 haplotype known as 8.1 in DR3/DR3, but not DR3/DR4, subgroup. DPB1*0101, often found on 8.1 haplotypes, was also less frequent in DR3/DR3 patients than controls. Analysis of family-based data from the HBDI repository was consistent with the observed results from the Italian subjects, suggesting the presence of a T1D-protective locus at or near A*0101 and a second T1D-protective locus at or near DPB1*0101. These data suggest that T1D risk conferred by the 8.1 haplotype is genotype dependent. PMID:18486765

  4. Combined treatment of rapamycin and dietary restriction has a larger effect on the transcriptome and metabolome of liver.

    PubMed

    Fok, Wilson C; Bokov, Alex; Gelfond, Jonathan; Yu, Zhen; Zhang, Yiqiang; Doderer, Mark; Chen, Yidong; Javors, Martin; Wood, William H; Zhang, Yongqing; Becker, Kevin G; Richardson, Arlan; Pérez, Viviana I

    2014-04-01

    Rapamycin (Rapa) and dietary restriction (DR) have consistently been shown to increase lifespan. To investigate whether Rapa and DR affect similar pathways in mice, we compared the effects of feeding mice ad libitum (AL), Rapa, DR, or a combination of Rapa and DR (Rapa + DR) on the transcriptome and metabolome of the liver. The principal component analysis shows that Rapa and DR are distinct groups. Over 2500 genes are significantly changed with either Rapa or DR when compared with mice fed AL; more than 80% are unique to DR or Rapa. A similar observation was made when genes were grouped into pathways; two-thirds of the pathways were uniquely changed by DR or Rapa. The metabolome shows an even greater difference between Rapa and DR; no metabolites in Rapa-treated mice were changed significantly from AL mice, whereas 173 metabolites were changed in the DR mice. Interestingly, the number of genes significantly changed by Rapa + DR when compared with AL is twice as large as the number of genes significantly altered by either DR or Rapa alone. In summary, the global effects of DR or Rapa on the liver are quite different and a combination of Rapa and DR results in alterations in a large number of genes and metabolites that are not significantly changed by either manipulation alone, suggesting that a combination of DR and Rapa would be more effective in extending longevity than either treatment alone. © 2013 The Authors. Aging Cell published by the Anatomical Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  5. Epitaxial Garnet Investigation; Technical Report, Foreign Travel

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1988-10-25

    Pure yttrium iron garnet (YIG) films are grown on GGG substrates by * liquid phase epitaxy ( LPE ) in production lots. In addition, one or two...epitaxial garnet films for Philips Dr. Krumme * Dr. Doormann 3-6-87 Thomson - CSF Research Center, Orsay, France Dr. J. P. Castera Dr. P. L. Meunier all...research physicists who grow, characterize, Dr. J. Y. Beguin or use epitaxial garnet films for Thomson CSF. Dr. J. L. Rolland Dr. P. Friez The

  6. 44 CFR 206.209 - Arbitration for Public Assistance determinations related to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (Major...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2012-10-01 2011-10-01 true Arbitration for Public Assistance determinations related to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (Major disaster declarations DR-1603, DR... determinations related to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (Major disaster declarations DR-1603, DR-1604, DR-1605, DR...

  7. 44 CFR 206.209 - Arbitration for Public Assistance determinations related to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (Major...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Arbitration for Public Assistance determinations related to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (Major disaster declarations DR-1603, DR... determinations related to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (Major disaster declarations DR-1603, DR-1604, DR-1605, DR...

  8. 44 CFR 206.209 - Arbitration for Public Assistance determinations related to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (Major...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Arbitration for Public Assistance determinations related to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (Major disaster declarations DR-1603, DR... determinations related to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (Major disaster declarations DR-1603, DR-1604, DR-1605, DR...

  9. 44 CFR 206.209 - Arbitration for Public Assistance determinations related to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (Major...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Arbitration for Public Assistance determinations related to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (Major disaster declarations DR-1603, DR... determinations related to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (Major disaster declarations DR-1603, DR-1604, DR-1605, DR...

  10. Remotely Piloted Aerial Systems Survivability: A Defense-in-Depth Approach

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-09-01

    Robert J. Herman, Henry J. Kluepfel, Gen Richard L. Lawson, Dr. Graham K. Soper , Dr. Lowell L. Wood, Jr., Dr. Joan B. Woodard, Report of the...Kluepfel, Gen Richard L. Lawson, Dr. Graham K. Soper , Dr. Lowell L. Wood, Jr., Dr. Joan B. Woodard. Report of the Commission to Assess the Threat to

  11. NRL Fact Book 1992-1993

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1993-06-01

    administering contractual support for lab-wide or multiple buys of ADP systems, software, and services. Computer systems located in the Central Computing Facility...Code Dr. D.L. Bradley Vacant Mrs. N.J. Beauchamp Dr. W.A. Kuperman Dr. E.R. Franchi Dr. M.H. Orr Dr. J.A. Bucaro Mr. L.B. Palmer Dr. D.J. Ramsdale Mr

  12. An analysis of variation in the long-range genomic organization of the human major histocompatibility complex class II region by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.

    PubMed

    Dunham, I; Sargent, C A; Dawkins, R L; Campbell, R D

    1989-11-01

    The class II region of the human major histocompatibility complex in seven common HLA haplotypes has been analyzed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, restriction enzymes that cut genomic DNA infrequently, and Southern blotting. This analysis has revealed that there are differences in the amount of DNA present in the DQ and DR subregions dependent on the haplotype. The class II region of the DR3 haplotype spans approximately 750 kb and has the same amount of DNA as the class II region of the DR5 and DR6 haplotypes. However, the DR2 haplotype has approximately 30 kb more DNA within the DR subregion. The DR4 haplotype has an additional approximately 110 kb of DNA within the DQ or DR subregions compared to the DR3, DR5, and DR6 haplotypes. These haplotype-specific differences could have some bearing both on the analysis of disease susceptibility and on the ability of chromosomes possessing different HLA haplotypes to recombine within the DQ/DR subregions.

  13. Rosalind Driver studentships

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    1999-11-01

    The School of Education at King's College London can now offer funded studentships to those wishing to undertake research in science education. These studentships, which are funded through the generous benefaction of the late Rosalind Driver, can be for a full-time student (over a maximum of three years) or several part-time students (a maximum of six years). Applications from anyone working in science education are welcome but preference will be given to those originating from practising science teachers. Applicants will be expected to register for the award of a MPhil/PhD or EdD and are normally expected to have a first degree. Preliminary ideas about a topic for investigation would also be helpful. Further details and application forms are obtainable from Chiz Dube, School of Education, King's College London, Franklin - Wilkins Building, Waterloo Road, London SE1 8WA (tel: 020-7848-3089, e-mail: chiz.dube@kcl.ac.uk). The deadline for the first round of applications was the middle of October, but preliminary informal enquiries may be made to Dr Jonathan Osborne at the School of Education (tel: 020-7848-3094, e-mail: jonathan.osborne@kcl.ac.uk).

  14. IM Nor monitoring requested for HST COS observations

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Waagen, Elizabeth O.

    2017-02-01

    Dr. Ed Sion (Villanova University) and colleagues have requested AAVSO observers' assistance in monitoring the symbiotic-type recurrent nova IM Nor in support of observations with the Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Origins Spectrograph scheduled for 2017 February 13 - 17 UT. These observations are part of a study on short orbital period recurrent novae as Supernovae Type Ia progenitors. It is essential to know 24 hours prior to the HST COS observations that IM Nor is not in outburst, in order to protect the instrumentation. Also, photometry is needed throughout the HST window to insure knowledge of the brightness of the system. Observers are asked to monitor IM Nor with nightly snapshot images (V preferred) from now through February 20, and to report their observations promptly. It will be especially important to know the brightness of IM Nor each night through February 17 UT. Finder charts with sequence may be created using the AAVSO Variable Star Plotter (https://www.aavso.org/vsp). Observations should be submitted to the AAVSO International Database. See full Alert Notice for more details.

  15. Characterization of the Interactions between Calmodulin and Death Receptor 5 in Triple-negative and Estrogen Receptor-positive Breast Cancer Cells

    PubMed Central

    Fancy, Romone M.; Wang, Lingyun; Zeng, Qinghua; Wang, Hong; Zhou, Tong; Buchsbaum, Donald J.; Song, Yuhua

    2016-01-01

    Activation of death receptor-5 (DR5) leads to the formation of death inducing signaling complex (DISC) for apoptotic signaling. Targeting DR5 to induce breast cancer apoptosis is a promising strategy to circumvent drug resistance and present a target for breast cancer treatment. Calmodulin (CaM) has been shown to regulate DR5-mediated apoptotic signaling, however, its mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we characterized CaM and DR5 interactions in breast cancer cells with integrated experimental and computational approaches. Results show that CaM directly binds to DR5 in a calcium dependent manner in breast cancer cells. The direct interaction of CaM with DR5 is localized at DR5 death domain. We have predicted and verified the CaM-binding site in DR5 being 354WEPLMRKLGL363 that is located at the α2 helix and the loop between α2 helix and α3 helix of DR5 DD. The residues of Trp-354, Arg-359, Glu-355, Leu-363, and Glu-367 in DR5 death domain that are important for DR5 recruitment of FADD and caspase-8 for DISC formation to signal apoptosis also play an important role for CaM-DR5 binding. The changed electrostatic potential distribution in the CaM-binding site in DR5 DD by the point mutations of W354A, E355K, R359A, L363N, or E367K in DR5 DD could directly contribute to the experimentally observed decreased CaM-DR5 binding by the point mutations of the key residues in DR5 DD. Results from this study provide a key step for the further investigation of the role of CaM-DR5 binding in DR5-mediated DISC formation for apoptosis in breast cancer cells. PMID:27129269

  16. HLA DR phenotypic frequencies and genetic risk of Type 1 diabetes in west region of Algeria, Tlemcen

    PubMed Central

    Aribi, Mourad; Moulessehoul, Soraya; Benabadji, Ahmed-Bakir; Kendoucitani, Mohammed

    2004-01-01

    Background The main genomic region controlling the predisposition to type 1 diabetes is the Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) class II of the major histocompatibility complex. Association with different HLA types depends also on the studied populations. In our investigation, we tried to measure the phenotypic HLA class II association frequencies of DR3 and/or DR4 antigens, using a serologic method called microlymphocytotoxicity analysis, in diabetic and nondiabetic (ND) subjects originating from the west-Algerian region of Tlemcen. The aim of the present study was to determine which HLA DR antigens represent a high susceptibility to develop the disease in this area. Using a case-control retrospective study design, we randomly recruited ninety-one related subjects, 39 type 1 diabetics and 52 ND as controls, at the Internal Medicine Board of Medical Centre University of Tlemcen. Results DR3 antigen frequencies were comparable between the type 1 diabetics and the ND subjects and showed no association with the disease (p = 1.000, OR = 0.95), whereas DR4 and DR3DR4 antigens were associated with susceptibility to develop type 1 diabetes (DR4; OR = 2.10, DR3DR4; OR = 1.30). Also, no incidence for DR3 (p = 0.2646) or DR3DR4 (p = 0.0699) antigen frequencies was related to the sex ratio. However, significant differences in HLA DR4 frequencies between type 1 diabetics and ND were found to be related to sex (p = 0.0085). Conclusion Taken together, our investigation showed that the strongest association with type 1 diabetes was noticed in the presence of HLA DR4 antigens followed by DR3DR4 antigens. This study highlighted a characteristic of Tlemcen population; a history of consanguineous marriages. Association studies between the disease and genetic polymorphisms should be undertaken in a population where consanguinity is more limited to reduce confounding in result interpretations. PMID:15331022

  17. Hydrographic Data from the Pilot Study of the Coastal Transition Zone (CTZ) Program, 17-26 March 1987

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-01-30

    C- o C! -0 0 0 -4i 104 Wz 0 4 P, N. *40 #A -*0 9*4 14 -*40s on f I046.. I 4n in f" *l eq r,4 "I CA 0~ 0 ~ 4 i 0 ~1 0 00 Va 4 n !=4 O .." VV " Ka ...97331 Dr. Robert L. Smith 1 Dr. Adriana Huyer I Dr. P. Michael Kosro 1 Dr. Mark R. Abbott I Dr. John S. Allen 1 Dr. Tim Cowles 1 Dr. David Kadco i Dr. Ted

  18. Feature Extraction and Classification of Magnetic and EMI Data, San Luis Obispo, CA

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-07-01

    Stephen Billings Dr. Len Pasion Dr. Nicolas Lhomme Kevin Kingdon Jon Jacobson Sky Research, Inc. Dr. Douglas Oldenburg Dr. Lin Ping Song...Discrimination Strategies for Application to Live Sites W912HQ-05-C-0018 ESTCP 0504Dr. Stephen Billings, Dr. Len Pasion , Dr. Nicolas Lhomme, Kevin...e.g. Hart et al., 2001; Collins et al., 2001; Pasion & Oldenburg, 2001; Zhang et al., 2003a, 2003b; Billings, 2004). The most promising discrimination

  19. [Analysis of HLA haplotype frequency and linkage disequilibrium in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia from Northern Chinese Han].

    PubMed

    Gao, Su-qing; Cheng, Liang-hong; Lu, Liang; Jing, Shi-zheng; Cheng, Xi; Zhang, Yin-ze; Zou, Hong-yan; Deng, Zhi-hui

    2009-02-01

    To analyze the difference between the frequencies of HLA-A-B, B-DRB1 and A-B-DRB1 haplotype, as well as their linkage disequilibrium pattern in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) and healthy controls from Northern Chinese Han. The frequencies of HLA-A-B, B-DRB1, A-B-DR haplotypes and linkage disequilibrium were estimated by Expectation Maximization method based on the genotypes of 643 patients with ALL and 2 0359 unrelated healthy donors, and the statistical significance between the two groups were estimated by chi-square test. Linkage disequilibrium was analyzed with population genetic methods. The most common HLA-A-B, B-DRB1, and A-B-DR haplotypes were A30-B13, A2-B46, A33-B58, B13-DR7, B46-DR9, B52-DR15, B58-DR17, A30-B13-DR7, A33-B58-DR17 and A1-B37-DR10 in both groups. The frequencies of A30-B13, A2-B46, A33-B44, B13-DR7, A30-B13-DR7 and A2-B46-DR9 haplotypes and linkage disequilibrium value were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the patient group than that in the control group. On the other hand, the frequencies of A2-B52, A31-B61, A24- B8, B60-DR9, B27-DR4, B52-DR14, B44-DR17, B27-DR12 and A11-B27-DR12 haplotypes and linkage disequilibrium value were significantly increased (P<0.05) in the patient group than that in the control group. There are some common and positive linkage disequilibrium haplotypes in both the ALL patients and the healthy donors in Northern Chinese Han. Interestingly, some haplotypes and their linkage disequilibrium patterns had significantly different distributions between the two groups. The study provided basic data for the relationship of ALL and HLA haplotype and for finding the HLA-A, B, DR matching donors.

  20. Mutual Regulation of NOD2 and RIG-I in Zebrafish Provides Insights into the Coordination between Innate Antibacterial and Antiviral Signaling Pathways.

    PubMed

    Nie, Li; Xu, Xiao-Xiao; Xiang, Li-Xin; Shao, Jian-Zhong; Chen, Jiong

    2017-05-27

    Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2) and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) are two important cytosolic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), initiating innate antibacterial and antiviral signaling pathways. However, the relationship between these PRRs, especially in teleost fish models, is rarely reported. In this article, we describe the mutual regulation of zebrafish NOD2 ( Dr NOD2) and RIG-I ( Dr RIG-I) in innate immune responses. Luciferase assays were conducted to determine the activation of NF-κB and interferon signaling. Morpholino-mediated knockdown and mRNA-mediated rescue were performed to further confirm the regulatory roles between Dr NOD2 and Dr RIG-I. Results showed that Dr NOD2 and Dr RIG-I shared conserved structural hallmarks with their mammalian counterparts, and activated Dr RIG-I signaling can induce Dr NOD2 production. Surprisingly, Dr NOD2-initiated signaling can also induce Dr RIG-I expression, indicating that a mutual regulatory mechanism may exist between them. Studies conducted using HEK293T cells and zebrafish embryos showed that Dr RIG-I could negatively regulate Dr NOD2-activated NF-κB signaling, and Dr NOD2 could inhibit Dr RIG-I-induced IFN signaling. Moreover, knocking down Dr RIG-I expression by morpholino could enhance Dr NOD2-initiated NF-κB activation, and vice versa, which could be rescued by their corresponding mRNAs. Results revealed a mutual feedback regulatory mechanism underlying NOD2 and RIG-I signaling pathways in teleosts. This mechanism reflects the coordination between cytosolic antibacterial and antiviral PRRs in the complex network of innate immunity.

  1. Dual Agonist Surrobody Simultaneously Activates Death Receptors DR4 and DR5 to Induce Cancer Cell Death.

    PubMed

    Milutinovic, Snezana; Kashyap, Arun K; Yanagi, Teruki; Wimer, Carina; Zhou, Sihong; O'Neil, Ryann; Kurtzman, Aaron L; Faynboym, Alexsandr; Xu, Li; Hannum, Charles H; Diaz, Paul W; Matsuzawa, Shu-ichi; Horowitz, Michael; Horowitz, Lawrence; Bhatt, Ramesh R; Reed, John C

    2016-01-01

    Death receptors of the TNF family are found on the surface of most cancer cells and their activation typically kills cancer cells through the stimulation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. The endogenous ligand for death receptors 4 and 5 (DR4 and DR5) is TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, TRAIL (Apo2L). As most untransformed cells are not susceptible to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, death receptor activators have emerged as promising cancer therapeutic agents. One strategy to stimulate death receptors in cancer patients is to use soluble human recombinant TRAIL protein, but this agent has limitations of a short half-life and decoy receptor sequestration. Another strategy that attempted to evade decoy receptor sequestration and to provide improved pharmacokinetic properties was to generate DR4 or DR5 agonist antibodies. The resulting monoclonal agonist antibodies overcame the limitations of short half-life and avoided decoy receptor sequestration, but are limited by activating only one of the two death receptors. Here, we describe a DR4 and DR5 dual agonist produced using Surrobody technology that activates both DR4 and DR5 to induce apoptotic death of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo and also avoids decoy receptor sequestration. This fully human anti-DR4/DR5 Surrobody displays superior potency to DR4- and DR5-specific antibodies, even when combined with TRAIL-sensitizing proapoptotic agents. Moreover, cancer cells were less likely to acquire resistance to Surrobody than either anti-DR4 or anti-DR5 monospecific antibodies. Taken together, Surrobody shows promising preclinical proapoptotic activity against cancer cells, meriting further exploration of its potential as a novel cancer therapeutic agent. ©2015 American Association for Cancer Research.

  2. Dual agonist Surrobody™ simultaneously activates death receptors DR4 and DR5 to induce cancer cell death

    PubMed Central

    Milutinovic, Snezana; Kashyap, Arun K.; Yanagi, Teruki; Wimer, Carina; Zhou, Sihong; O' Neil, Ryann; Kurtzman, Aaron L.; Faynboym, Alexsandr; Xu, Li; Hannum, Charles H.; Diaz, Paul W.; Matsuzawa, Shu-ichi; Horowitz, Michael; Horowitz, Lawrence; Bhatt, Ramesh R.; Reed, John C.

    2015-01-01

    Death receptors of the Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) family are found on surface of most cancer cells and their activation typically kills cancer cells through the stimulation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. The endogenous ligand for death receptors-4 and -5 (DR4 and DR5) is Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand, TRAIL (Apo2L). Since most untransformed cells are not susceptible to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, death receptor activators have emerged as promising cancer therapeutic agents. One strategy to stimulate death receptors in cancer patients is to use soluble human recombinant TRAIL protein, but this agent has limitations of a short half-life and decoy receptor sequestration. Another strategy that attempted to evade decoy receptor sequestration and to provide improved pharmacokinetic properties was to generate DR4 or DR5 agonist antibodies. The resulting monoclonal agonist antibodies overcame the limitations of short half-life and avoided decoy receptor sequestration, but are limited by activating only one of the two death receptors. Here, we describe a DR4 and DR5 dual agonist produced using Surrobody™ technology that activates both DR4 and DR5 to induce apoptotic death of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo and also avoids decoy receptor sequestration. This fully human anti-DR4/DR5 Surrobody displays superior potency to DR4- and DR5-specific antibodies, even when combined with TRAIL-sensitizing pro-apoptotic agents. Moreover, cancer cells were less likely to acquire resistance to Surrobody than either anti-DR4 or anti-DR5 mono-specific antibodies. Taken together, Surrobody shows promising preclinical pro-apoptotic activity against cancer cells, meriting further exploration of its potential as a novel cancer therapeutic agent. PMID:26516157

  3. Keeping the Edge. Air Force Materiel Command Cold War Context (1945-1991). Volume 1: Command Lineage Scientific Achievement and Major Tenant Missions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2003-08-01

    Gerhard Braun, Dr. Rudolf Edse, Dr. Wolfgang Noeggerath, Hans Rister, and Dr. Theodor Zobel. (Dr. von Braun and the four other rocket specialists...Heinrich Albers, Herman Bottenhorn, Gerhard Krause , Dr. Ernst Kugel, and Hermann Nehlsen to Loewy Hydropress, Inc., in New York, while Dr. Claus...March 1948, Air Materiel Command maintained the Watson- and Cambridge-assigned German scientists at status quo, but added Dr. Wolfgang Pfister the next

  4. Chesapeake Bay Study. Supplement A. Problem Identification. Supplement B. Public Involvement. Supplement C. The Chesapeake Bay Hydraulic Model.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1984-09-01

    1968-71 Dr. Francis S. L. Williamson, 1971-75 Dr. J. Kevin Sullivan, 1975-83 Dr. David L. Correll, 1983-84 B-I...BASIC RESEARCH (cont’d) SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Dr. I. Eugene Wallen, 1968-71 Dr. Francis S. L. Williamson, 1971-75 Dr. 3. Kevin Sullivan, 1975-83 Dr...MSX merical fishino and recrea- by increased distributions of waer sources fromsaltitru- the B E P predicted oysters tion industries and for the

  5. Novel Devices for Plasmonic and Nanophotonic Networks: Exploiting X-ray Wavelengths at Optical Frequencies

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-09-01

    Harry A. Atwater(P.I.), Axel Scherer (co-PI), Oskar J . Painter (co-PI), Kerry J . Vahala 5d. PROJECT NUMBER Eli Yablonovitch (co-PI), Xiang Zhang (co...Faculty: Dr. Harry A. Atwater, Dr. Axel Scherer, Dr. Oskar J . Painter, Dr. Kerry J . Vahala, Dr. Federico Capasso, Dr. Eli Yablonovitch, Dr. Xiang...Raman microlasers on a silicon chip fabricated by the sol-gel process" L. Yang, T. Carmon, B. Min, S. M. Spillane, and K. J . Vahala, 091114, Applied

  6. Direct and indirect costs among employees with diabetic retinopathy in the United States.

    PubMed

    Lee, Lauren J; Yu, Andrew P; Cahill, Kevin E; Oglesby, Alan K; Tang, Jackson; Qiu, Ying; Birnbaum, Howard G

    2008-05-01

    To examine, from the employer perspective, the direct (healthcare) and indirect (workloss) costs of employees with diabetic retinopathy (DR) compared to control non-DR employees with diabetes, and within DR subgroups. Compared annual costs using claims data from 17 large companies (1999-2004). 'DR employees' (n = 2098) had >or= 1 DR (International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision [ICD-9]) diagnosis; DR subgroups included employees with diabetic macular edema (DME), proliferative DR (PDR), and employees receiving photocoagulation or vitrectomy procedures. Descriptive and multivariate tests were performed. DR employee annual direct costs were $18,218 (indirect = $3548) compared to $11,898 (indirect = $2374) for controls (Delta = $2032 (adjusted); p < 0.0001). Costs differences were larger across DR employee subgroups: DME/non-DME ($28,606/$16,363); PDR/non-PDR ($30,135/$13,445; p < 0.0001); DR with/without photocoagulation ($34,539/$16,041; p < 0.0001); and DR with/without vitrectomy ($63,933/$17,239; p < 0.0001). This study examined the incremental costs of treating DR employees, which may be higher than the incremental costs of DR itself. Some measures of diabetes severity (e.g., duration of diabetes) were not available in the claims data, and were therefore not included in the multivariate models. The cost of photocoagulation and vitrectomy procedures pertain to individuals who underwent these procedures, and not the cost of the procedures themselves. DR employees had significantly higher costs than controls, and larger differences existed within DR subgroups. Indirect costs accounted for about 20% of total cost.

  7. Structural and functional characterization of two unusual endonuclease III enzymes from Deinococcus radiodurans.

    PubMed

    Sarre, Aili; Ökvist, Mats; Klar, Tobias; Hall, David R; Smalås, Arne O; McSweeney, Sean; Timmins, Joanna; Moe, Elin

    2015-08-01

    While most bacteria possess a single gene encoding the bifunctional DNA glycosylase Endonuclease III (EndoIII) in their genomes, Deinococcus radiodurans possesses three: DR2438 (DrEndoIII1), DR0289 (DrEndoIII2) and DR0982 (DrEndoIII3). Here we have determined the crystal structures of DrEndoIII1 and an N-terminally truncated form of DrEndoIII3 (DrEndoIII3Δ76). We have also generated a homology model of DrEndoIII2 and measured activity of the three enzymes. All three structures consist of two all α-helical domains, one of which exhibits a [4Fe-4S] cluster and the other a HhH-motif, separated by a DNA binding cleft, similar to previously determined structures of endonuclease III from Escherichia coli and Geobacillus stearothermophilus. However, both DrEndoIII1 and DrEndoIII3 possess an extended HhH motif with extra helical features and an altered electrostatic surface potential. In addition, the DNA binding cleft of DrEndoIII3 seems to be less accessible for DNA interactions, while in DrEndoIII1 it seems to be more open. Analysis of the enzyme activities shows that DrEndoIII2 is most similar to the previously studied enzymes, while DrEndoIII1 seems to be more distant with a weaker activity towards substrate DNA containing either thymine glycol or an abasic site. DrEndoIII3 is the most distantly related enzyme and displays no detectable activity towards these substrates even though the suggested catalytic residues are conserved. Based on a comparative structural analysis, we suggest that the altered surface potential, shape of the substrate-binding pockets and specific amino acid substitutions close to the active site and in the DNA interacting loops may underlie the unexpected differences in activity. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  8. An HPLC method associated with a thermodynamic analysis to compare the binding of TRAIL and its nanovectorized form to death receptors DR4 and DR5 and their relationship to cytotoxicity.

    PubMed

    Guillaume, Yves Claude; Lethier, Lydie; André, Claire

    2016-11-15

    TRAIL is a member of the TNF family of cytokines which induces apoptosis of cancer cells via its binding to its cognate receptors, DR5 a high affinity site and DR4 a site of low affinity. Our working group has recently demonstrated that nanovectorization of TRAIL with single wall carbon nanotubes (abbreviated NPT) enhanced TRAIL affinity to the high affinity site DR5 and increased pro apoptotic potential in different human tumor cell lines. In this paper, the DR4 low affinity site was immobilized on a chromatographic support and the effect of temperature on a wide temperature range 1°C-50°C was studied to calculate the thermodynamic parameters of the binding of TRAIL and NPT to DR4 and DR5 receptors. For the first time the heat capacity changes for the different binding processes were determined. At a physiological pH (7.4) the heat capacity changes for the binding of NPT to DR4 and DR5 were respectively equal to -0.91kJ/molK and -0.28kJ/molK and those obtained for the binding of TRAIL to DR4 and DR5 were respectively equal to -1.54kJ/molK and -1.05kJ/molK. By the use of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), a phase transition (∼12°C for DR5, ∼4°C for DR4) between a disordered (low temperature) and an ordered (high temperature) solid like state visualized in the receptor structure confirmed the temperature dependence of binding affinity enthalpy ΔH for soluble TRAIL and its nanovectorized form to its cognate receptors. In the low temperature domain, the positive ΔH values contribute non-favourably to the free energy of binding, TRAIL and NPT described similar affinities for DR4 and DR5. For the high temperature domain, negative ΔH values indicated that van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonding are engaged favourably at the ligand - receptor interface. Above 30°C, their rank-ordered affinities were thus strongly different in the sequence: TRAIL DR4

  9. Pilot Testing of Commercial Refrigeration-Based Demand Response

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Hirsch, Adam; Clark, Jordan; Deru, Michael

    Supermarkets potentially offer a substantial demand response (DR) resource because of their high energy intensity and use patterns. This report describes a pilot project conducted to better estimate supermarket DR potential. Previous work has analyzed supermarket DR using heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC), lighting, and anti-condensate heaters. This project was concerned with evaluating DR using the refrigeration system and quantifying the DR potential inherent in supermarket refrigeration systems. Ancillary aims of the project were to identify practical barriers to the implementation of DR programs in supermarkets and to determine which high-level control strategies were most appropriate for achieving certainmore » DR objectives. The scope of this project does not include detailed control strategy development for DR or development of a strategy for regional implementation of DR in supermarkets.« less

  10. Proliferation, Potential TMD Roles, Demarcation and ABM Treaty Compatibility.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1994-09-01

    Dr. Sergei Blagovolin Dr. Stephen Cambone Amb. Sidney Graybeal Dr. Patricia McFate Dr. Alexander Savelyev Mr. Willis Stanley Ms. Linda Vlahos...control, missile defense, and other international security issues. He served as the director of this study. Dr. Alexander Savelyev is Vice President of...Interview with Dr. Sergei Blagovolin and Alexander Savelyev , July 15,1994, 69. Interview with Amb. Kathleen Bailey, former Assistant Director of

  11. A Methodology for the Determination of Contract Manpower Equivalents for the United States Air Force

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1975-05-28

    ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author would like to thank his committee members. Dr. Cooper Redwine, Dr. Jsck Byrd, and Dr. Arup Mallik ior their guidance and...Career Field upon completion of degree requirements. The author is married to o o 227 APPROVAL OF EXAMINING COMMITTEE Dr. fa. ’Byrd, or. Dr. A. K.. Mallik DATE Dr . C. N. Redwlne (Chairman)

  12. Enhancing Price Response Programs through Auto-DR: California's 2007 Implementation Experience

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Kiliccote, Sila; Wikler, Greg; Chiu, Albert

    2007-12-18

    This paper describes automated demand response (Auto-DR) activities, an innovative effort in California to ensure that DR programs produce effective and sustainable impacts. Through the application of automation and communication technologies coupled with well-designed incentives and DR programs such as Critical Peak Pricing (CPP) and Demand Bidding (DBP), Auto-DR is opening up the opportunity for many different types of buildings to effectively participate in DR programs. We present the results of Auto-DR implementation efforts by the three California investor-owned utilities for the Summer of 2007. The presentation emphasizes Pacific Gas and Electric Company's (PG&E) Auto-DR efforts, which represents the largestmore » in the state. PG&E's goal was to recruit, install, test and operate 15 megawatts of Auto-DR system capability. We describe the unique delivery approaches, including optimizing the utility incentive structures designed to foster an Auto-DR service provider community. We also show how PG&E's Critical Peak Pricing (CPP) and Demand Bidding (DBP) options were called and executed under the automation platform. Finally, we show the results of the Auto-DR systems installed and operational during 2007, which surpassed PG&E's Auto-DR goals. Auto-DR is being implemented by a multi-disciplinary team including the California Investor Owned Utilities (IOUs), energy consultants, energy management control system vendors, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), and the California Energy Commission (CEC).« less

  13. Variable Access to Immediate Bedside Ultrasound in the Emergency Department

    PubMed Central

    Talley, Brad E.; Ginde, Adit A.; Raja, Ali S.; Sullivan, Ashley F.; Espinola, Janice A.; Camargo, Carlos A.

    2011-01-01

    Objective: Use of bedside emergency department (ED) ultrasound has become increasingly important for the clinical practice of emergency medicine (EM). We sought to evaluate differences in the availability of immediate bedside ultrasound based on basic ED characteristics and physician staffing. Methods: We surveyed ED directors in all 351 EDs in Colorado, Georgia, Massachusetts, and Oregon between January and April 2009. We assessed access to bedside ED ultrasound by the question: “Is bedside ultrasound available immediately in the ED?” ED characteristics included location, visit volume, admission rate, percent uninsured, total emergency physician full-time equivalents and proportion of EM board-certified (BC) or EM board-eligible (BE) physicians. Data analysis used chi-square tests and multivariable logistical regression to compare differences in access to bedside ED ultrasound by ED characteristics and staffing. Results: We received complete responses from 298 (85%) EDs. Immediate access to bedside ultrasound was available in 175 (59%) EDs. ED characteristics associated with access to bedside ultrasound were: location (39% for rural vs. 71% for urban, P<0.001); visit volume (34% for EDs with low volume [<1 patient/hour] vs. 79% for EDs with high volume [≥3 patients/hour], P<0.001); admission rate (39% for EDs with low [0–10%] admission rates vs. 84% for EDs with high [>20%] rates, P<0.001); and EM BC/BE physicians (26% for EDs with a low percentage [0–20%] vs.74% for EDs with a high percentage [≥80%], P<0.001). Conclusion: U.S. EDs differ significantly in their access to immediate bedside ultrasound. Smaller, rural EDs and those staffed by fewer EM BC/BE physicians more frequently lacked access to immediate bedside ultrasound in the ED. PMID:21691479

  14. Joint conference of iMEC 2015 (2nd International Manufacturing Engineering Conference & APCOMS 2015 (3rd Asia-Pacific Conference on Manufacturing Systems)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    2016-02-01

    The iMEC 2015 is the second International Manufacturing Engineering Conference organized by the Faculty of Manufacturing, Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), held from 12-14th November 2015 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, with a theme "Materials, Manufacturing and Systems for Tomorrow". For the first time, iMEC is organized together with 3rd Asia- Pacific Conference on Manufacturing System (APCOMS 2015) which owned by Fakulti Teknologi Industri, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Indonesia. This is an extended collaboration between UMP and ITB to intensify knowledge sharing and experiences between higher learning institutions. This conference (iMEC & APCOMS 2015) is a platform for knowledge exchange and the growth of ideas, particularly in manufacturing engineering. The conference aims to bring researchers, academics, scientists, students, engineers and practitioners from around the world together to present their latest findings, ideas, developments and applications related to manufacturing engineering and other related research areas. With rapid advancements in manufacturing engineering, iMEC is an appropriate medium for the associated community to keep pace with the changes. In 2015, the conference theme is “Materials, Manufacturing and Systems for Tomorrow” which reflects the acceleration of knowledge and technology in global manufacturing. The papers in these proceedings are examples of the work presented at the conference. They represent the tip of the iceberg, as the conference attracted over 200 abstracts from Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan, United Kingdom, Australia, India, Bangladesh, South Africa, Turkey and Morocco and 151 full papers were accepted in these proceedings. The conference was run in four parallel sessions with 160 presenters sharing their latest finding in the areas of manufacturing process, systems, advanced materials and automation. The first keynote presentation was given by Prof. B. S. Murthy (IIT, Madras) on "Nanomaterials with Exceptional Properties Synthesized through Top Down Approach”, which was warmly welcomed by an eager and highly motivated audience. The second keynote speaker was Prof. Ir. Dradjad Irianto (ITB, Indonesia) on “Collaborative Manufacturing for Small-medium Enterprises”. The organizers are very grateful to them for supporting the conference and sharing their latest research results with the conference participants. The conference organizers would like to express our sincere gratitude and thanks to the honorary chairman Prof. Dato, Dr. Daing Nasir Ibrahim and Prof. Dr. Wan Azhar Wan Yusoff and organizing committee members of iMEC2015, Assoc. Prof. Dr. A.K. Prasada Rao (chairman), Dr. Ing. Mohd Azmir Mohd Azhari (co-chairman), and all committee members Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ahmad Razlan Yusoff, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ismed Iskandar, Dr Noraini Mohd Razali, Dr Muhammed Nafis Osman Zahid, Dr Noor Mazni Ismail, Dr Izwan Ismail, Dr Zamzuri Hamedon, Dr Faiz Mohd Turan, Ms Suraya Sulaiman and secretariat Miss Zuryaty, Mrs Wan Norshihah, Mr. Mohd Khairulnazri and Mr Rafilah and also a million thanks to the steering committee from APCOMS Prof. Dr. Kadarsyah Suryadi, Prof. Dr. Bermawi, P. Iskandar, Prof. Dr. Abdul Hakim Halim, Prof. Dr. Dradjad Irianto, Dr. TMA Ari Samadhi, Ir. I Made Dana Tangkas and APCOMS organizing committee Prof. Dr. Abdul Hakim Halim (chair), Dr. Rachmawati Wangsaputra (co-chair) and other committee members Dr. Iwan Inrawan Wiratmadja, Dr. Anas Ma'ruf, Dr. Sukoyo and Dr. Wisnu Aribowo. The editorial board are indebted to all of the reviewers who were willing to spend their precious time in reviewing the papers. Thanks also to all who contributed direct or indirectly in making this conference a success, especially Mr. Mohd Khairulnazri in helping the editors complete the proceedings. Dr. Zamzuri Hamedon Editor in-chief iMEC & APCOMS 2015 Associate Editors 1. Assoc. Prof. Dr. A.K. Prasada Rao 2. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ahmad Razlan Yusoff 3. Dr. Ing. Mohd Azmir Mohd Azhari 4. Dr. Muhammed Nafis Osman Zahid 5. Dr. Faiz Mohd Turan

  15. [Gene and haplotype frequencies for the loci HLA-A, B and DRB1 in 11755 north Chinese Han bone marrow registry donors].

    PubMed

    Wu, Qiang-Ju; Liu, Meng-Li; Qi, Jun; Liu, Sheng; Zhang, Yan; Wei, Xiao-Qian

    2007-04-01

    The study was aimed to investigate the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A, B, DRB1 alleles and haplotype frequencies and the characteristics of linkage disequilibrium in north Chinese Han bone marrow donors. HLA phenotype data of 11 755 north Chinese Han bone marrow donors were identified by PCR-SSP and PCR-SSO. HLA-A, B, DRB1 allele and haplotype frequencies were calculated by computer software named Arleguin which was based on Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithms. The results showed that the population of 11755 unrelated-donors was tested by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and 18,42 and 15 specificities of HLA alleles were identified on the HLA-A, B, DRB1 locus respectively, including HLA-A25, B42, B53, B73 and DR3 which were rarely reported in Han population. HLA-A36, A43, A80, B78, B82 and DR18 were not detected in this study. The most frequent alleles with a frequency of over 0.05 were HLA-A*02, A*11, A*24, A*33, A*30, A*01, A*03, A*13, B62, B*51, B*46, B60, B61, B*35, B*44, DRB1*15, DRB1*09, DRB1*04, DRB1*07, DRB1*12, DRB1*11, DRB1*14, DRB1*08, DRB1*13. There were a total of 2 026 kinds of HLA-A-B-DR haplotypes (with a frequency of over 10(-6)) to be obtained. The each frequency of 26 kinds of three-locus haplotypes including HLA-A30-B13-DR7, A2-B46-DR9, A33-B58-DR17 etc was higher than 0.005. A30-B13-DR7 was the most frequent haplotype in north Chinese Han population. There were a total of 538 kinds of haplotypes for HLA-A-B, 227 kinds for A-DR and 522 kinds for B-DR to be obtained, and there were 409, 195, 423 kinds of haplotypes respectively with a frequency higher than 10 - 6. There were 28 kinds of HLA-A-B haplotypes including A30-B13, A2-B46, A33-B58 etc, 26 kinds of HLA-A-DR haplotypes including A2-DR9, A2-DR15, A30-DR7 etc, and 24 kinds of HLA-B-DR haplotypes including B13-DR7, B46-DR9, B13-DR12 etc with a frequency higher than 0.01. 296 (72%) kinds of HLA-A-B, 130 (67%) kinds of A-DR and 308 (73%) kinds of B-DR haplotypes were statistical linkage disequilibrium. HLA-A30-B13, A33-B58, A1-B37, A30-DR7, A33-DR13, A1-DR10, B37-DR10, B8-DR17, B13-DR7, B58-DR17 were significant positive linkage disequilibrium. It is concluded that this HLA-A, B, DRB1 gene and haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium data with the largest sample size up to now is unique in north Chinese Han population. The study will be helpful to find matched donors for patients and establish the important foundation for further studying of transplantation immunity, HLA-related diseases and population genetics of this area.

  16. Transitioning to digital radiography.

    PubMed

    Drost, Wm Tod

    2011-04-01

    To describe the different forms of digital radiography (DR), image file formats, supporting equipment and services required for DR, storage of digital images, and teleradiology. Purchasing a DR system is a major investment for a veterinary practice. Types of DR systems include computed radiography, charge coupled devices, and direct or indirect DR. Comparison of workflow for analog and DR is presented. On the surface, switching to DR involves the purchase of DR acquisition hardware. The X-ray machine, table and grids used in analog radiography are the same for DR. Realistically, a considerable infrastructure supports the image acquisition hardware. This infrastructure includes monitors, computer workstations, a robust computer network and internet connection, a plan for storage and back up of images, and service contracts. Advantages of DR compared with analog radiography include improved image quality (when used properly), ease of use (more forgiving to the errors of radiographic technique), speed of making a complete study (important for critically ill patients), fewer repeat radiographs, less time looking for imaging studies, less physical storage space, and the ability to easily send images for consultation. With an understanding of the infrastructure requirements, capabilities and limitations of DR, an informed veterinary practice should be better able to make a sound decision about transitioning to DR. © Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society 2011.

  17. A phase III study evaluating the efficacy and safety of MBP8298 in secondary progressive MS.

    PubMed

    Freedman, M S; Bar-Or, A; Oger, J; Traboulsee, A; Patry, D; Young, C; Olsson, T; Li, D; Hartung, H-P; Krantz, M; Ferenczi, L; Verco, T

    2011-10-18

    To evaluate the efficacy and safety of MBP8298 in subjects with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) who express human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotype DR2 or DR4 (DR2(+) or DR4(+)). This multicenter randomized 2-year, double-blind, placebo-controlled study included 612 subjects with a diagnosis of SPMS and an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of 3.5-6.5, stratified according to baseline EDSS score (3.5-5.0, or 5.5-6.5) and HLA haplotype (DR2(+) or DR4(+), or DR2(-)/DR4(-)). Upon entry of 100 DR2(-)/DR4(-) subjects, further study enrollment was limited to DR2(+) or DR4(+) subjects. Subjects were randomly assigned to either 500 mg MBP8298 or placebo, given by IV injection once every 6 months for 2 years. The primary outcome measure was time to progression by ≥1.0 EDSS point (or 0.5 point if baseline EDSS was 5.5 or higher), confirmed 6 months later. Secondary outcomes included mean change in EDSS, mean change in Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite, MRI changes, annualized relapse rate, and quality of life. There were no significant differences between treatment groups in either the primary or secondary endpoints. MBP8298 was well tolerated in all treated subjects with no safety issues identified. In the population studied, treatment with MBP8298 did not provide a clinical benefit compared to placebo. This study provides Class 1 evidence that MBP8298 is not effective in patients with SPMS who are HLA DR2(+) or DR4(+).

  18. Glutamatergic input is selectively increased in dorsal raphe subfield 5-HT neurons: role of morphology, topography and selective innervation.

    PubMed

    Crawford, LaTasha K; Craige, Caryne P; Beck, Sheryl G

    2011-12-01

    Characterization of glutamatergic input to dorsal raphe (DR) serotonin (5-HT) neurons is crucial for understanding how the glutamate and 5-HT systems interact in psychiatric disorders. Markers of glutamatergic terminals, vGlut1, 2 and 3, reflect inputs from specific forebrain and midbrain regions. Punctate staining of vGlut2 was homogeneous throughout the mouse DR whereas vGlut1 and vGlut3 puncta were less dense in the lateral wing (lwDR) compared with the ventromedial (vmDR) subregion. The distribution of glutamate terminals was consistent with the lower miniature excitatory postsynaptic current frequency found in the lwDR; however, it was not predictive of glutamatergic synaptic input with local activity intact, as spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current (sEPSC) frequency was higher in the lwDR. We examined the morphology of recorded cells to determine if variations in dendrite structure contributed to differences in synaptic input. Although lwDR neurons had longer, more complex dendrites than vmDR neurons, glutamatergic input was not correlated with dendrite length in the lwDR, suggesting that dendrite length did not contribute to subregional differences in sEPSC frequency. Overall, glutamatergic input in the DR was the result of selective innervation of subpopulations of 5-HT neurons and was rooted in the topography of DR neurons and the activity of glutamate neurons located within the midbrain slice. Increased glutamatergic input to lwDR cells potentially synergizes with previously reported increased intrinsic excitability of lwDR cells to increase 5-HT output in lwDR target regions. Because the vmDR and lwDR are involved in unique circuits, subregional differences in glutamate modulation may result in diverse effects on 5-HT output in stress-related psychopathology. © 2011 The Authors. European Journal of Neuroscience © 2011 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

  19. 2K09 and thereafter : the coming era of integrative bioinformatics, systems biology and intelligent computing for functional genomics and personalized medicine research.

    PubMed

    Yang, Jack Y; Niemierko, Andrzej; Bajcsy, Ruzena; Xu, Dong; Athey, Brian D; Zhang, Aidong; Ersoy, Okan K; Li, Guo-Zheng; Borodovsky, Mark; Zhang, Joe C; Arabnia, Hamid R; Deng, Youping; Dunker, A Keith; Liu, Yunlong; Ghafoor, Arif

    2010-12-01

    Significant interest exists in establishing synergistic research in bioinformatics, systems biology and intelligent computing. Supported by the United States National Science Foundation (NSF), International Society of Intelligent Biological Medicine (http://www.ISIBM.org), International Journal of Computational Biology and Drug Design (IJCBDD) and International Journal of Functional Informatics and Personalized Medicine, the ISIBM International Joint Conferences on Bioinformatics, Systems Biology and Intelligent Computing (ISIBM IJCBS 2009) attracted more than 300 papers and 400 researchers and medical doctors world-wide. It was the only inter/multidisciplinary conference aimed to promote synergistic research and education in bioinformatics, systems biology and intelligent computing. The conference committee was very grateful for the valuable advice and suggestions from honorary chairs, steering committee members and scientific leaders including Dr. Michael S. Waterman (USC, Member of United States National Academy of Sciences), Dr. Chih-Ming Ho (UCLA, Member of United States National Academy of Engineering and Academician of Academia Sinica), Dr. Wing H. Wong (Stanford, Member of United States National Academy of Sciences), Dr. Ruzena Bajcsy (UC Berkeley, Member of United States National Academy of Engineering and Member of United States Institute of Medicine of the National Academies), Dr. Mary Qu Yang (United States National Institutes of Health and Oak Ridge, DOE), Dr. Andrzej Niemierko (Harvard), Dr. A. Keith Dunker (Indiana), Dr. Brian D. Athey (Michigan), Dr. Weida Tong (FDA, United States Department of Health and Human Services), Dr. Cathy H. Wu (Georgetown), Dr. Dong Xu (Missouri), Drs. Arif Ghafoor and Okan K Ersoy (Purdue), Dr. Mark Borodovsky (Georgia Tech, President of ISIBM), Dr. Hamid R. Arabnia (UGA, Vice-President of ISIBM), and other scientific leaders. The committee presented the 2009 ISIBM Outstanding Achievement Awards to Dr. Joydeep Ghosh (UT Austin), Dr. Aidong Zhang (Buffalo) and Dr. Zhi-Hua Zhou (Nanjing) for their significant contributions to the field of intelligent biological medicine.

  20. 2K09 and thereafter : the coming era of integrative bioinformatics, systems biology and intelligent computing for functional genomics and personalized medicine research

    PubMed Central

    2010-01-01

    Significant interest exists in establishing synergistic research in bioinformatics, systems biology and intelligent computing. Supported by the United States National Science Foundation (NSF), International Society of Intelligent Biological Medicine (http://www.ISIBM.org), International Journal of Computational Biology and Drug Design (IJCBDD) and International Journal of Functional Informatics and Personalized Medicine, the ISIBM International Joint Conferences on Bioinformatics, Systems Biology and Intelligent Computing (ISIBM IJCBS 2009) attracted more than 300 papers and 400 researchers and medical doctors world-wide. It was the only inter/multidisciplinary conference aimed to promote synergistic research and education in bioinformatics, systems biology and intelligent computing. The conference committee was very grateful for the valuable advice and suggestions from honorary chairs, steering committee members and scientific leaders including Dr. Michael S. Waterman (USC, Member of United States National Academy of Sciences), Dr. Chih-Ming Ho (UCLA, Member of United States National Academy of Engineering and Academician of Academia Sinica), Dr. Wing H. Wong (Stanford, Member of United States National Academy of Sciences), Dr. Ruzena Bajcsy (UC Berkeley, Member of United States National Academy of Engineering and Member of United States Institute of Medicine of the National Academies), Dr. Mary Qu Yang (United States National Institutes of Health and Oak Ridge, DOE), Dr. Andrzej Niemierko (Harvard), Dr. A. Keith Dunker (Indiana), Dr. Brian D. Athey (Michigan), Dr. Weida Tong (FDA, United States Department of Health and Human Services), Dr. Cathy H. Wu (Georgetown), Dr. Dong Xu (Missouri), Drs. Arif Ghafoor and Okan K Ersoy (Purdue), Dr. Mark Borodovsky (Georgia Tech, President of ISIBM), Dr. Hamid R. Arabnia (UGA, Vice-President of ISIBM), and other scientific leaders. The committee presented the 2009 ISIBM Outstanding Achievement Awards to Dr. Joydeep Ghosh (UT Austin), Dr. Aidong Zhang (Buffalo) and Dr. Zhi-Hua Zhou (Nanjing) for their significant contributions to the field of intelligent biological medicine. PMID:21143775

  1. Where Do Freestanding Emergency Departments Choose to Locate? A National Inventory and Geographic Analysis in Three States.

    PubMed

    Schuur, Jeremiah D; Baker, Olesya; Freshman, Jaclyn; Wilson, Michael; Cutler, David M

    2017-04-01

    We determine the number and location of freestanding emergency departments (EDs) across the United States and determine the population characteristics of areas where freestanding EDs are located. We conducted a systematic inventory of US freestanding EDs. For the 3 states with the highest number of freestanding EDs, we linked demographic, insurance, and health services data, using the 5-digit ZIP code corresponding to the freestanding ED's location. To create a comparison nonfreestanding ED group, we matched 187 freestanding EDs to 1,048 nonfreestanding ED ZIP codes on land and population within state. We compared differences in demographic, insurance, and health services factors between matched ZIP codes with and without freestanding EDs, using univariate regressions with weights. We identified 360 freestanding EDs located in 30 states; 54.2% of freestanding EDs were hospital satellites, 36.6% were independent, and 9.2% were not classifiable. The 3 states with the highest number of freestanding EDs accounted for 66% of all freestanding EDs: Texas (181), Ohio (34), and Colorado (24). Across all 3 states, freestanding EDs were located in ZIP codes that had higher incomes and a lower proportion of the population with Medicaid. In Texas and Ohio, freestanding EDs were located in ZIP codes with a higher proportion of the population with private insurance. In Texas, freestanding EDs were located in ZIP codes that had fewer Hispanics, had a greater number of hospital-based EDs and physician offices, and had more physician visits and medical spending per year than ZIP codes without a freestanding ED. In Ohio, freestanding EDs were located in ZIP codes with fewer hospital-based EDs. In Texas, Ohio, and Colorado, freestanding EDs were located in areas with a better payer mix. The location of freestanding EDs in relation to other health care facilities and use and spending on health care varied between states. Copyright © 2016 American College of Emergency Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  2. Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for mood disorders.

    PubMed

    Malhi, Gin S; Bassett, Darryl; Boyce, Philip; Bryant, Richard; Fitzgerald, Paul B; Fritz, Kristina; Hopwood, Malcolm; Lyndon, Bill; Mulder, Roger; Murray, Greg; Porter, Richard; Singh, Ajeet B

    2015-12-01

    To provide guidance for the management of mood disorders, based on scientific evidence supplemented by expert clinical consensus and formulate recommendations to maximise clinical salience and utility. Articles and information sourced from search engines including PubMed and EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Google Scholar were supplemented by literature known to the mood disorders committee (MDC) (e.g., books, book chapters and government reports) and from published depression and bipolar disorder guidelines. Information was reviewed and discussed by members of the MDC and findings were then formulated into consensus-based recommendations and clinical guidance. The guidelines were subjected to rigorous successive consultation and external review involving: expert and clinical advisors, the public, key stakeholders, professional bodies and specialist groups with interest in mood disorders. The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for mood disorders (Mood Disorders CPG) provide up-to-date guidance and advice regarding the management of mood disorders that is informed by evidence and clinical experience. The Mood Disorders CPG is intended for clinical use by psychiatrists, psychologists, physicians and others with an interest in mental health care. The Mood Disorder CPG is the first Clinical Practice Guideline to address both depressive and bipolar disorders. It provides up-to-date recommendations and guidance within an evidence-based framework, supplemented by expert clinical consensus. Professor Gin Malhi (Chair), Professor Darryl Bassett, Professor Philip Boyce, Professor Richard Bryant, Professor Paul Fitzgerald, Dr Kristina Fritz, Professor Malcolm Hopwood, Dr Bill Lyndon, Professor Roger Mulder, Professor Greg Murray, Professor Richard Porter and Associate Professor Ajeet Singh. Professor Carlo Altamura, Dr Francesco Colom, Professor Mark George, Professor Guy Goodwin, Professor Roger McIntyre, Dr Roger Ng, Professor John O'Brien, Professor Harold Sackeim, Professor Jan Scott, Dr Nobuhiro Sugiyama, Professor Eduard Vieta, Professor Lakshmi Yatham. Professor Marie-Paule Austin, Professor Michael Berk, Dr Yulisha Byrow, Professor Helen Christensen, Dr Nick De Felice, A/Professor Seetal Dodd, A/Professor Megan Galbally, Dr Josh Geffen, Professor Philip Hazell, A/Professor David Horgan, A/Professor Felice Jacka, Professor Gordon Johnson, Professor Anthony Jorm, Dr Jon-Paul Khoo, Professor Jayashri Kulkarni, Dr Cameron Lacey, Dr Noeline Latt, Professor Florence Levy, A/Professor Andrew Lewis, Professor Colleen Loo, Dr Thomas Mayze, Dr Linton Meagher, Professor Philip Mitchell, Professor Daniel O'Connor, Dr Nick O'Connor, Dr Tim Outhred, Dr Mark Rowe, Dr Narelle Shadbolt, Dr Martien Snellen, Professor John Tiller, Dr Bill Watkins, Dr Raymond Wu. © The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists 2015.

  3. Wernher von Braun

    NASA Image and Video Library

    1966-06-21

    Dr. Joseph Randall, a laser expert at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), explains one of the projects he is working on to a group composed of Federal Republic of Germany and MSFC officials. From left are: Dr. Randall; Minister for Scientific Research of Federal Republic of Germany, Dr. Gerhard Stolenberg; Director of MSFC Astrionics Lab, Dr. Walter Haeusserman; Head of Space Research Federal Republic of Germany, Max Mayer; MSFC Director Dr. von Braun; MSFC Deputy Director Dr. Elberhard Rees.

  4. SIAM Data Mining Brings It’ to Annual Meeting

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-02-24

    address space) languages. Jose Moreira and Manoj Kumar from IBM presented the Graph Programming Interface (GPI) as well as a proposal for a common...Samsi (MIT), Dr. Manoj Kumar (IBM Research), Dr. Michel Kinsy (Boston University), and Dr. Shashank Yellapantula (GE Global Research). Dr. Gadepally...and Dr. Samsi discussed advances in data management technologies [22–25], and Dr. Kumar presented a brief overview of a graph-based API IBM is

  5. Hydrographic Data from the Pilot Study of the Coastal Transition Zone (CTZ) Program, 15-28 June 1987

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-04-01

    8217i Wi Ui L6 LOlaa to LO to 0 a. ’U ’𔃺I’ N W Oa ON4’𔃺 C40 W4010404 r4 10 r% r - ’ : r a . ) - ’ : - : 0 ’n p 4 44 * t*- Ka 0I 0A I 0A 000)In "i pq m...OR 97331 Dr. Robert L. Smith 1 Dr. Adriana Huyer 1 Dr. P. Michael Kosro I Dr. Mark R. Abbott 1 Dr. John S. Allen I Dr. Tim Cowles 1 Dr. David Kadco

  6. VizieR Online Data Catalog: KODIAQ DR2 (O'Meara+, 2017)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    O'Meara, J. M.; Lehner, N.; Howk, J. C.; Prochaska, J. X.; Fox, A. J.; Peeples, M. S.; Tumlinson, J.; O'Shea, B. W.

    2018-02-01

    The new data presented here in DR2 all stem from High-Resolution Echelle Spectrograph (HIRES) observations by multiple PIs between 1995 and 2004. Table1 presents the HIRES deckers used across DR2 and their corresponding spectral resolution. As with DR1, the majority of observations were made with the C1 or C5 decker providing ~6 and ~8km/s FWHM resolution, respectively. The Keck Observatory Database of Ionized Absorption toward Quasars (KODIAQ) DR2 comprises HIRES observations of 300 quasar lines of sight in total. Of these, 130 quasar sight lines are new since DR1 (O'Meara et al. 2015, Cat. J/AJ/150/111), along with many new additional observations of some of the DR1 quasars. Table2 presents the new data since DR1. Table3 presents the full DR2 sample of 300 quasars. (3 data files).

  7. Effectiveness of panretinal photocoagulation in severe diabetic retinopathy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Astakhov, Yuri S.; Shadrichev, Fedor Y.; Lisochkina, Alla B.

    1999-02-01

    Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the most severe complications of diabetes mellitus. In 1994, in St. Petersburg, a new system of ophthalmologic care for diabetic patients was set up. For Russia, this system represents an example of adequate care for subjects with DM, including screening strategies, documentation and education of patients and general ophthalmologists. According to our data, about one half of examined patients had DR, and about 20% of patients were in need of laser treatment. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) in cases of severe DR, including advanced nonproliferative DR (preproliferative DR) and proliferative DR. Data concerning 1073 diabetics are included in this study. PRP was performed in 736 cases (1163 eyes). DR stabilization was estimated after one year follow-up PRP enabled preventing severe visual loss in patients with preproliferative DR and proliferative DR. Our system of specialized ophthalmic care for diabetic patients proved to be effective.

  8. Oligonucleotide-genotyping as a method of detecting the HLA-DR2 (DRw15)-Dw2, -DR2 (DRw15)-Dw12, -DR4-Dw15, and -DR4-D"KT2" haplotypes in the Japanese population.

    PubMed

    Obata, F; Ito, I; Kaneko, T; Ohkubo, M; Ishimoto, A L; Abe, A; Kashiwagi, N

    1989-05-01

    We synthesized pairs of four different oligonucleotides, F22, F29, F42, and F158, to analyse the HLA-DR2 (DRw15) and -DR4 haplotypes in the Japanese population. After enzymatically amplifying the HLA-DRB1 gene, we hybridized the oligonucleotide probes with DNA extracted from 42 donors. Hybridization was completed between F22 and the DNA of haplotype DR2 (DRw15)-Dw2, between F29 and the DNA of DR2 (DRw15)-Dw12, between F42 and the DNA of DR4-D"KT2", and between F158 and the DNA of DR4-Dw15. In keeping with the nucleotide sequences of the probes, F29 hybridized also with DNA from the DR9-Dw23 haplotype and F158 with that from some of the DRw8 haplotypes (DRw8-Dw8.3) in the Japanese population. Results of this study demonstrate that the four oligonucleotides make useful probes for detecting the haplotypes above.

  9. New knowledge network evaluation method for design rationale management

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jing, Shikai; Zhan, Hongfei; Liu, Jihong; Wang, Kuan; Jiang, Hao; Zhou, Jingtao

    2015-01-01

    Current design rationale (DR) systems have not demonstrated the value of the approach in practice since little attention is put to the evaluation method of DR knowledge. To systematize knowledge management process for future computer-aided DR applications, a prerequisite is to provide the measure for the DR knowledge. In this paper, a new knowledge network evaluation method for DR management is presented. The method characterizes the DR knowledge value from four perspectives, namely, the design rationale structure scale, association knowledge and reasoning ability, degree of design justification support and degree of knowledge representation conciseness. The DR knowledge comprehensive value is also measured by the proposed method. To validate the proposed method, different style of DR knowledge network and the performance of the proposed measure are discussed. The evaluation method has been applied in two realistic design cases and compared with the structural measures. The research proposes the DR knowledge evaluation method which can provide object metric and selection basis for the DR knowledge reuse during the product design process. In addition, the method is proved to be more effective guidance and support for the application and management of DR knowledge.

  10. Gene-environment interaction between adiponectin gene polymorphisms and environmental factors on the risk of diabetic retinopathy.

    PubMed

    Li, Yuan; Wu, Qun Hong; Jiao, Ming Li; Fan, Xiao Hong; Hu, Quan; Hao, Yan Hua; Liu, Ruo Hong; Zhang, Wei; Cui, Yu; Han, Li Yuan

    2015-01-01

    To evaluate whether the adiponectin gene is associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) risk and interaction with environmental factors modifies the DR risk, and to investigate the relationship between serum adiponectin levels and DR. Four adiponectin polymorphisms were evaluated in 372 DR cases and 145 controls. Differences in environmental factors between cases and controls were evaluated by unconditional logistic regression analysis. The model-free multifactor dimensionality reduction method and traditional multiple regression models were applied to explore interactions between the polymorphisms and environmental factors. Using the Bonferroni method, we found no significant associations between four adiponectin polymorphisms and DR susceptibility. Multivariate logistic regression found that physical activity played a protective role in the progress of DR, whereas family history of diabetes (odds ratio 1.75) and insulin therapy (odds ratio 1.78) were associated with an increased risk for DR. The interaction between the C-11377 G (rs266729) polymorphism and insulin therapy might be associated with DR risk. Family history of diabetes combined with insulin therapy also increased the risk of DR. No adiponectin gene polymorphisms influenced the serum adiponectin levels. Serum adiponectin levels did not differ between the DR group and non-DR group. No significant association was identified between four adiponectin polymorphisms and DR susceptibility after stringent Bonferroni correction. The interaction between C-11377G (rs266729) polymorphism and insulin therapy, as well as the interaction between family history of diabetes and insulin therapy, might be associated with DR susceptibility.

  11. A dangerous movie? Hollywood does psychoanalysis.

    PubMed

    Ferrell, Donald R; Silverman, Martin A

    2014-12-01

    After the appearance of David Cronenberg's film A Dangerous Method in 2011, dealing with the relationships of Sigmund Freud, C. G. Jung and Sabina Spielrein, Dr. Donald Ferrell published: A Dangerous Method, A Film Directed by David Cronenberg: An Extended Review (Ferrell 2012) in the Journal of Religion and Health. Upon its publication, Dr. Ferrell's article was nominated for a Gradiva Award by the National Association for the Advancement of Psychoanalysis. On November 1, 2013, the Association for the Psychoanalysis of Culture and Society held its annual conference at Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ. Dr. Billie Pivnick, a member at large of the Board of Directors of the APCS and also on the Editorial Board of the Journal of Religion and Health, persuaded the 2013 Conference Program Committee that Cronenberg's film would make an interesting subject for discussion for conference participants. To that end, Dr. Pivnick invited Dr. Ferrell, C. G. Jung Institute of New York, Dr. Steven Reisner, Coalition for an Ethical Psychology, and Dr. Martin Silverman, Training and Supervising Analyst and Supervising Child Analyst at the Institute for Psychoanalytic Education, NYU College of Medicine, Training and Supervising Analyst at the Center for Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis of New Jersey, and Associate Editor of The Psychoanalytic Quarterly to serve as panel members to discuss: A Dangerous Movie? Hollywood does Psychoanalysis. Presentations on Cronenberg's film and the early history of psychoanalysis were given by Drs. Ferrell and Reisner, followed by a response to their presentations by Dr. Silverman. Dr. Pivnick chaired the session. The articles presented here were given originally at the APCS conference by Dr. Ferrell and Dr. Silverman. Dr. Reisner declined the invitation to submit his presentation for publication. Dr. Silverman's remarks were based not only on the presentation given by Dr. Ferrell at the session on A Dangerous Movie?, but also on his close and careful reading of the extended review of Cronenberg's film Dr. Ferrell published in the Journal of Religion and Health, as well as Dr. Reisner's presentation. It was appropriate for Dr. Silverman to serve in his capacity as discussant since he had earlier published a critical review of A Secret Symmetry. Sabina Spielrein Between Jung and Freud by Aldo Carotenuto (Silverman 1985).

  12. Inward rectifier potassium current (I K1) and Kir2 composition of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) heart.

    PubMed

    Hassinen, Minna; Haverinen, Jaakko; Hardy, Matt E; Shiels, Holly A; Vornanen, Matti

    2015-12-01

    Electrophysiological properties and molecular background of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) cardiac inward rectifier current (IK1) were examined. Ventricular myocytes of zebrafish have a robust (-6.7 ± 1.2 pA pF(-1) at -120 mV) strongly rectifying and Ba(2+)-sensitive (IC50 = 3.8 μM) IK1. Transcripts of six Kir2 channels (drKir2.1a, drKir2.1b, drKir2.2a, drKir2.2b, drKir2.3, and drKir2.4) were expressed in the zebrafish heart. drKir2.4 and drKir2.2a were the dominant isoforms in both the ventricle (92.9 ± 1.5 and 6.3 ± 1.5%) and the atrium (28.9 ± 2.9 and 64.7 ± 3.0%). The remaining four channels comprised together less than 1 and 7 % of the total transcripts in ventricle and atrium, respectively. The four main gene products (drKir2.1a, drKir2.2a, drKir2.2b, drKir2.4) were cloned, sequenced, and expressed in HEK cells for electrophysiological characterization. drKir2.1a was the most weakly rectifying (passed more outward current) and drKir2.2b the most strongly rectifying (passed less outward current) channel, whilst drKir2.2a and drKir2.4 were intermediate between the two. In regard to sensitivity to Ba(2+) block, drKir2.4 was the most sensitive (IC50 = 1.8 μM) and drKir2.1a the least sensitive channel (IC50 = 132 μM). These findings indicate that the Kir2 isoform composition of the zebrafish heart markedly differs from that of mammalian hearts. Furthermore orthologous Kir2 channels (Kir2.1 and Kir2.4) of zebrafish and mammals show striking differences in Ba(2+)-sensitivity. Structural and functional differences needs to be taken into account when zebrafish is used as a model for human cardiac electrophysiology, cardiac diseases, and in screening cardioactive substances.

  13. Eating habits modulate short term memory and epigenetical regulation of brain derived neurotrophic factor in hippocampus of low- and high running capacity rats.

    PubMed

    Torma, Ferenc; Bori, Zoltan; Koltai, Erika; Felszeghy, Klara; Vacz, Gabriella; Koch, Lauren; Britton, Steven; Boldogh, Istvan; Radak, Zsolt

    2014-08-01

    Exercise capacity and dietary restriction (DR) are linked to improved quality of life, including enhanced brain function and neuro-protection. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is one of the key proteins involved in the beneficial effects of exercise on brain. Low capacity runner (LCR) and high capacity runner (HCR) rats were subjected to DR in order to investigate the regulation of BDNF. HCR-DR rats out-performed other groups in a passive avoidance test. BDNF content increased significantly in the hippocampus of HCR-DR groups compared to control groups (p<0.05). The acetylation of H3 increased significantly only in the LCR-DR group. However, chip-assay revealed that the specific binding between acetylated histone H3 and BNDF promoter was increased in both LCR-DR and HCR-DR groups. In spite of these increases in binding, at the transcriptional level only, the LCR-DR group showed an increase in BDNF mRNA content. Additionally, DR also induced the activity of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), while the content of SIRT1 was not altered. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) was elevated in HCR-DR groups. But, based on the levels of nuclear respiratory factor-1 and cytocrome c oxidase, it appears that DR did not cause mitochondrial biogenesis. The data suggest that DR-mediated induction of BDNF levels includes chromatin remodeling. Moreover, DR does not induce mitochondrial biogenesis in the hippocampus of LCR/HCR rats. DR results in different responses to a passive avoidance test, and BDNF regulation in LCR and HCR rats. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  14. Oversight hearings on P. L. 93-577, ERDA Plan and Program. Hearings before the Subcommittee on Energy Research, Development and Demonstration of the Committee on Science and Technology, U. S. House of Representatives, Ninety-Fourth Congress, Second Session

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Not Available

    1976-01-01

    The purpose of the hearings was to examine the comprehensive plan and program for dealing with energy that ERDA submitted to Congress on June 30, 1975. Included as an appendix to these hearings is the October 1975 report of the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) entitled, ''An Analysis of the ERDA Plan and Program'' (for abstract of this report, see EAPA 2:79). Testifying on Jan. 22 was the director of OTA, Emilio Q. Daddario, and chairmen of various task groups that assisted in the ERDA analysis, namely: Dr. John Gibbons, Conservation; Dr. Paul Craig, Overview Panel; Dr. Alvin Weinberg, Nuclear;more » Dr. Stanford S. Penner, Environmental and Health; and Dr. Jerry Grey, Solar; also present, and participating in the question and answer portion was Lionel Johns, head of the energy projects and programs in OTA. Testifying at the Jan. 23 hearings were experts presenting environmental, scientific, and engineering viewpoints, namely: Dr. Donald McDonald, director of the environmental studies program at Dartmouth College; Dr. Reginald Vachon, Auburn University, representing the American Society of Mechanical Engineers; and Dr. Thomas Lee, General Electric Co., representing the Inst. of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. The final hearings on Jan. 29 included the testimony of Dr. Robert W. Fri, Deputy Administrator, ERDA, and that of each of five assistant administrators: Dr. John Teem, Solar, Geothermal, and Advanced Energy Systems; Dr. Austin Heller, Conservation; Dr. Richard W. Roberts, Nuclear Energy; Dr. Roger W. A. LeGassie, Planning and Analysis; and Dr. James Liverman, Environment and Safety. (LMT)« less

  15. Enhancing the Effectiveness of Ad Hoc Units: A Revised Training Model

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-06-01

    thank Dr. Kalev “Gunner” Sepp, Dr. Bob McNab, Dr. John Arquilla, Dr. Nancy Roberts, Dr. Susan Hocevar, and Dr. Dorothy Denning for providing their...also want to thank Colonel Paul Warren, Information Operations Branch Chief at U.S. Central Command – Special Operations (SOCCENT), for sponsoring my...Academy of Management Journal, 38 (1), 60-84. Paul M. Nemiroff, Paul M., William, A. Pasmore and David L. Ford, Jr., “The Effects of Two

  16. Prevalence, risk factors and burden of diabetic retinopathy in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    PubMed

    Song, Peige; Yu, Jinyue; Chan, Kit Yee; Theodoratou, Evropi; Rudan, Igor

    2018-06-01

    Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the primary retinal vascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is a leading cause of vision impairment and blindness in working-age population globally. Despite mounting concerns about the emergence of DM as a major public health problem in the largest developing country, China, much remains to be understood about the epidemiology of DR. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for DR, and estimate the burden of DR in China in 2010. China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database (CBM-SinoMed), PubMed, Embase and Medline were searched for studies that reported the prevalence of and risk factors for DR in Chinese population between 1990 and 2017. A random-effects meta-analysis model was adopted to pool the overall prevalence of DR. Variations in the prevalence of DR in different age groups, DM duration groups and settings were assessed by subgroup meta-analysis and meta-regression. Odds ratios (ORs) of major risk factors were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. The number of people with DR in 2010 was estimated by multiplying the age-specific prevalence of DR in people with DM with the corresponding number of people with DM in China. Finally, the national number of people with DR was distributed into six geographic regions using a risk factor-based model. A total of 31 studies provided information on the prevalence of DR and 21 explored potential risk factors for DR. The pooled prevalence of any DR, nonproliferative DR (NPDR) and proliferative DR (PDR) was 1.14% (95% CI = 0.80-1.52), 0.90% (95% CI = 0.56-1.31) and 0.07% (95% CI = 0.02-0.14) in general population; In people with DM, the pooled prevalence rates were 18.45% (95% CI = 14.77-22.43), 15.06% (95% CI = 11.59-18.88) and 0.99% (95% CI = 0.40-1.80) for any DR, NPDR and PDR, respectively. The prevalence of any DR in DM patients peaked between 60 and 69 years of age, and increased steeply with the duration of DM. DM patients residing in rural China were at a higher risk to have DR than those in urban areas. In addition, insulin treatment, elevated FBG level and higher HbA1c concentration were confirmed to be associated with a higher prevalence of DR in people with DM, with meta-ORs of 1.99 (95% CI = 1.34-2.95), 1.33 (95% CI = 1.12-1.59) and 1.15 (95% CI = 1.09-1.20) respectively. In 2010, a total of 13.16 million (95% CI = 8.95-18.00) Chinese aged 45 years and above were living with DR, among whom the most were in South Central China and the least were in Northwest China. DR has become a serious public health problem in China. Optimal screening of and interventions on DR should be implemented. Improved epidemiological studies on DR are still required.

  17. Systems 2020

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-03-22

    USC Team Members: SERC Research Council Dr. Abhi Deshmukh , Purdue Dr. Michael Griffin. U. Alabama-Huntsville Dr. Barry Horowitz, U. Virginia Dr...Areas ................................................. 34 3.2.1 Affordability, Agility, and Resilience (Barry Boehm and Abhi Deshmukh , Leads...statement was reinterpreted to involve the SERC Research Council (Drs. Deshmukh , Griffin, Horowitz, Rouse, and Wade, with Dr. Boehm as chair) in defining

  18. A Solvable Self-Similar Model of the Sausage Instability in a Resistive Z-Pinch

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-09-20

    Ithaca, NY 14853 Dr. V. Nardi Dr. John C. Riordan Stevens Institute of Technology Physics International Co. Hoboken, NJ 07803 2700 Merced Street Dr...92122 Dr. Rick B. Spielman Dr. Frank C. Young Sandia National Laboratories Naval Research Laboratory P.O. Box 5800 Code 4770.1 Albuquerque, NM 87115

  19. Chemistry and biology of phototropism-regulating substances in higher plants.

    PubMed

    Yamamura, S; Hasegawa, K

    2001-01-01

    Most people are familiar with the sight of a young seedling bending towards a window or the brightest source of light to which it is exposed. This directional growth response is known as phototropism, which is caused by a lateral growth-promoting auxin in the bending organ (Cholodny-Went theory, cited in high school textbook). Recently, however, Bruinsma et al., Weiler et al., and Hasegawa et al. independently found that the shaded half did not contain more auxin than the illuminated one. Instead it was found that the even distribution of auxin was accompanied by a lateral gradient of growth inhibiting substances during phototropic curvature (Bruinsma-Hasegawa theory). We have isolated some photo-induced growth inhibitory substances related to phototropism, benzoxazolinones from light-grown maize shoots (Zea mays L.), raphanusanins from radish hypocotyl (Raphanus sativus var. hortensis f. gigantissimus M.), indolyacetonitrile from light-grown shoots (Brassica oleacea L.), 8-epixanthatin from sunflower hypocotyl (Helianthus annus L.), and quite recently uridine from oat coleoptile (Avena sativa L.). Chemical analyses have shown phototropic stimulations to cause curvature by inducing a local unequal distribution of growth-inhibiting substances that antagonize auxin in its cell-elongating activity. Finally, a model is presented for further studies on phototropism. Copyright 2001 The Japan Chemical Journal Forum and John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

  20. Emergency department characteristics and capabilities in Beijing, China.

    PubMed

    Wen, Leana S; Xu, Jun; Steptoe, Anne P; Sullivan, Ashley F; Walline, Joseph H; Yu, Xuezhong; Camargo, Carlos A

    2013-06-01

    Emergency Departments (EDs) are a critical, yet heterogeneous, part of international emergency care. We sought to describe the characteristics, resources, capabilities, and capacity of EDs in Beijing, China. Beijing EDs accessible to the general public 24 h per day/7 days per week were surveyed using the National ED Inventories survey instrument (www.emnet-nedi.org). ED staff were asked about ED characteristics during the calendar year 2008. Thirty-six EDs participated (88% response rate). All were located in hospitals and were independent hospital departments. Participating EDs saw a median of 80,000 patients (interquartile range 40,000-118,508). The vast majority (91%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 78-98%) had a contiguous layout, with medical and surgical care provided in one area. Most EDs (55%) saw only adults; 39% saw both adults and children, and 6% saw only children. Availability of technological and consultant resource in EDs was high. The typical ED length of stay was between 1 and 6 h in 49% of EDs (95% CI 32-67%), whereas in the other half, patients reportedly remained for over 6 h; 36% (95% CI 21-54%) of respondents considered their ED over capacity. Beijing EDs have high volume, long length of stay, and frequent reports of EDs being over capacity. To meet its rapidly growing health needs in urban areas, China should consider improving urban ED capacity and training more Emergency Medicine specialists capable of efficiently staffing its crowded EDs. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  1. Informing Intervention Strategies to Reduce Energy Drink Consumption in Young People: Findings From Qualitative Research.

    PubMed

    Francis, Jacinta; Martin, Karen; Costa, Beth; Christian, Hayley; Kaur, Simmi; Harray, Amelia; Barblett, Ann; Oddy, Wendy Hazel; Ambrosini, Gina; Allen, Karina; Trapp, Gina

    2017-10-01

    To determine young people's knowledge of energy drinks (EDs), factors influencing ED consumption, and intervention strategies to decrease ED consumption in young people. Eight group interviews with young people (aged 12-25 years). Community groups and secondary schools in Perth, Western Australia. Forty-one young people, 41% of whom were male and 73% of whom consumed EDs. Factors influencing ED consumption and intervention strategies informed by young people to reduce ED consumption. Two researchers conducted a qualitative content analysis on the data using NVivo software. Facilitators of ED consumption included enhanced energy, pleasant taste, low cost, peer pressure, easy availability, and ED promotions. Barriers included negative health effects, unpleasant taste, high cost, and parents' disapproval. Strategies to reduce ED consumption included ED restrictions, changing ED packaging, increasing ED prices, reducing visibility in retail outlets, and research and education. Because many countries allow the sale of EDs to people aged <18 years, identifying ways to minimize potential harm from EDs is critical. This study provided unique insights into intervention strategies suggested by young people to reduce ED consumption. In addition to more research and education, these strategies included policy changes targeting ED sales, packaging, price, and visibility. Future research might examine the feasibility of implementing such interventions. Copyright © 2017 Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  2. Human radiation studies: Remembering the early years. Oral history of Dr. Nadine Foreman, M.D., August 19, 1994

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    NONE

    1995-07-01

    Dr. Nadine Foreman was interviewed by representatives of the US DOE Office of Human Radiation Experiments (OHRE). Dr. Foreman was selected for interview because of the position she held at the University of California, San Francisco. Following a brief biographical sketch, Dr. Foreman describes her work with Dr. Mayo Soley using I-131 in treatment of hyperthyroidism, selection criteria for patients in the radioiodine project, work with Dr. Earl Miller, work at Highland Hospital, radioiodine treatment of diffuse toxic goiter (myxedema), the radiophosphorus and radioiodine programs with Dr. Bert Low-Beer, and treatment of polycythemia vera.

  3. Adolescent energy drink consumption: An Australian perspective.

    PubMed

    Costa, Beth M; Hayley, Alexa; Miller, Peter

    2016-10-01

    Caffeinated Energy Drinks (EDs) are not recommended for consumption by children, yet there is a lack of age-specific recommendations and restrictions on the marketing and sale of EDs. EDs are increasingly popular among adolescents despite growing evidence of their negative health effects. In the current study we examined ED consumption patterns among 399 Australian adolescents aged 12-18 years. Participants completed a self-report survey of consumption patterns, physiological symptoms, and awareness of current ED consumption guidelines. Results indicated that ED consumption was common among the sample; 56% reported lifetime ED consumption, with initial consumption at mean age 10 (SD = 2.97). Twenty-eight percent of the sample consumed EDs at least monthly, 36% had exceeded the recommended two standard EDs/day, and 56% of consumers had experienced negative physiological health effects following ED consumption. The maximum number of EDs/day considered appropriate for children, adolescents, and adults varied, indicating a lack of awareness of current consumption recommendations. These findings add to the growing body of international evidence of adolescent ED consumption, and the detrimental impact of EDs to adolescent health. Enforced regulation and restriction of EDs for children's and adolescents' consumption is urgently needed in addition to greater visibility of ED consumption recommendations. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  4. Evaluation of Techniques to Estimate Annual Water Quality Loadings to Reservoirs.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1981-02-01

    ERVOIRS - . .- . .2 - S. PERFORMING ORG. REPoRT v- k -; ___ 7. AUTHOR(@) S. CONTRACT OR GRANT NUMBER(a) Howard E./ Westerdahl JanelHarris William B...ber 1978 by Dr. H. E. Westerdahl , Mr. W. B. Ford III, Ms. J. Harris, and Dr. C. R. Lee, of the Ecological Effects and Regulatory Criteria Group...general supervision of Dr. R. L. Eley, Chief, ERSD, and Dr. John Harrison, Chief, EL. The report was written by Dr. Westerdahl , Mr. Ford, Ms. Harris, and Dr

  5. Operationele Oceanografie en Rapid Environmental Assessment (Operational Oceanography and Rapid Environmental Assessment)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2008-11-01

    Datum Auteur (s) november 2008 dr. LA. teRaa dr. I.PA. Lam dr. ir. M.W. Schouten Rubricering rappon Vastgesteld door Vastgesteld d.d. I ltd...DenV@tno.nl TNO-rapportnummer TNO-DV2008A418 Opdrachtnummer Datum november 2008 Auteur (s) dr. L.A. te Raa dr. F.P.A. Lam dr. ir. M.W. Schouten...verdamping. Een oceaanmodel is gebaseerd op wiskundige vergelijkingen die de dynamica en thermodynamica van de oceaan beschrijven. In theorie geven deze

  6. Dr. von Braun With Management Team

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1961-01-01

    Dr. von Braun is shown in this photograph, which was probably taken in the early 1960s, with members of his management team. Pictured from left to right are, Werner Kuers, Director of the Manufacturing Engineering Division; Dr. Walter Haeussermarn, Director of the Astrionics Division; Dr. William Mrazek, Propulsion and Vehicle Engineering Division; Dr. von Braun; Dieter Grau, Director of the Quality Assurance Division; Dr. Oswald Lange, Director of the Saturn Systems Office; and Erich Neubert , Associate Deputy Director for Research and Development.

  7. Emergency department characteristics and capabilities in Bogotá, Colombia.

    PubMed

    Bustos, Yury; Castro, Jenny; Wen, Leana S; Sullivan, Ashley F; Chen, Dinah K; Camargo, Carlos A

    2015-12-01

    Emergency departments (EDs) are a critical, yet heterogeneous, part of international emergency care. The National ED Inventories (NEDI) survey has been used in multiple countries as a standardized method to benchmark ED characteristics. We sought to describe the characteristics, resources, capabilities, and capacity of EDs in the densely populated capital city of Bogotá, Colombia. Bogotá EDs accessible to the general public 24/7 were surveyed using the 23-item NEDI survey used in several other countries ( www.emnet-nedi.org ). ED staff were asked about ED characteristics with reference to calendar year 2011. Seventy EDs participated (82 % response). Most EDs (87 %) were located in hospitals, and 83 % were independent hospital departments. The median annual ED visit volume was approximately 50,000 visits. Approximately 90 % (95 % confidence interval (CI) 80-96 %) had a contiguous layout, with medical and surgical care provided in one area. Almost all EDs saw both adults and children (91 %), while 6 % saw only adults and 3 % saw only children. Availability of technological and consultant resources in EDs was variable. Nearly every ED had cardiac monitoring (99 %, 95 % CI 92-100 %), but less than half had a dedicated CT scanner (39 %, 95 % CI 28-52 %). While most EDs were able to treat trauma 24/7 (81 %, 95 % CI 69-89 %), few could manage oncological (22 %, 95 % CI 13-34 %) or dental (3 %, 95 % CI 0-11 %) emergencies 24/7. The typical ED length-of-stay was between 1 and 6 h in 59 % of EDs (95 % CI, 46-70 %), while most others reported that patients remained for >6 h (39 %). Almost half of respondents (46 %, 95 % CI 34-59 %) reported their ED was over capacity. Bogotá EDs have high annual visit volumes and long length-of-stay, and half are over capacity. To meet the emergency care needs of people in Bogotá and other large cities, Colombia should consider improving urban ED capacity and training more emergency medicine specialists capable of efficiently staffing its large and crowded EDs.

  8. Effects of Using a Neuroeducational Intervention to Enhance Perseverance for Online EdD and EdS Students

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cadle, Charles R.

    2013-01-01

    Developing and maintaining a "completion mindset" is a necessary mental condition for online educational doctorate (EdD) and educational specialist (EdS) students to obtain their advanced degrees. The purpose of this research study was to examine the effect of a neuroeducational intervention on a volunteer convenience sample of EdD and…

  9. Increased risk of osteoporosis in patients with erectile dysfunction

    PubMed Central

    Wu, Chieh-Hsin; Lu, Ying-Yi; Chai, Chee-Yin; Su, Yu-Feng; Tsai, Tai-Hsin; Tsai, Feng-Ji; Lin, Chih-Lung

    2016-01-01

    Abstract In this study, we aimed to investigate the risk of osteoporosis in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) by analyzing data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). From the Taiwan NHIRD, we analyzed data on 4460 patients aged ≥40 years diagnosed with ED between 1996 and 2010. In total, 17,480 age-matched patients without ED in a 1:4 ratio were randomly selected as the non-ED group. The relationship between ED and the risk of osteoporosis was estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression models. During the follow-up period, 264 patients with ED (5.92%) and 651 patients without ED (3.65%) developed osteoporosis. The overall incidence of osteoporosis was 3.04-fold higher in the ED group than in the non-ED group (9.74 vs 2.47 per 1000 person-years) after controlling for covariates. Compared with patients without ED, patients with psychogenic and organic ED were 3.19- and 3.03-fold more likely to develop osteoporosis. Our results indicate that patients with a history of ED, particularly younger men, had a high risk of osteoporosis. Patients with ED should be examined for bone mineral density, and men with osteoporosis should be evaluated for ED. PMID:27368024

  10. Dietary restriction improves repopulation but impairs lymphoid differentiation capacity of hematopoietic stem cells in early aging

    PubMed Central

    Tang, Duozhuang; Tao, Si; Chen, Zhiyang; Koliesnik, Ievgen Oleksandrovich; Calmes, Philip Gerald; Hoerr, Verena; Han, Bing; Gebert, Nadja; Zörnig, Martin; Löffler, Bettina

    2016-01-01

    Dietary restriction (DR) improves health, delays tissue aging, and elongates survival in flies and worms. However, studies on laboratory mice and nonhuman primates revealed ambiguous effects of DR on lifespan despite improvements in health parameters. In this study, we analyzed consequences of adult-onset DR (24 h to 1 yr) on hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function. DR ameliorated HSC aging phenotypes, such as the increase in number of HSCs and the skewing toward myeloid-biased HSCs during aging. Furthermore, DR increased HSC quiescence and improved the maintenance of the repopulation capacity of HSCs during aging. In contrast to these beneficial effects, DR strongly impaired HSC differentiation into lymphoid lineages and particularly inhibited the proliferation of lymphoid progenitors, resulting in decreased production of peripheral B lymphocytes and impaired immune function. The study shows that DR-dependent suppression of growth factors and interleukins mediates these divergent effects caused by DR. Supplementation of insulin-like growth factor 1 partially reverted the DR-induced quiescence of HSCs, whereas IL-6/IL-7 substitutions rescued the impairment of B lymphopoiesis exposed to DR. Together, these findings delineate positive and negative effects of long-term DR on HSC functionality involving distinct stress and growth signaling pathways. PMID:26951333

  11. Predominant antitumor effects by fully human anti-TRAIL-receptor2 (DR5) monoclonal antibodies in human glioma cells in vitro and in vivo

    PubMed Central

    Nagane, Motoo; Shimizu, Saki; Mori, Eiji; Kataoka, Shiro; Shiokawa, Yoshiaki

    2010-01-01

    Tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL/Apo2 L) preferentially induces apoptosis in human tumor cells through its cognate death receptors DR4 or DR5, thereby being investigated as a potential agent for cancer therapy. Here, we applied fully human anti-human TRAIL receptor monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to specifically target one of death receptors for TRAIL in human glioma cells, which could also reduce potential TRAIL-induced toxicity in humans. Twelve human glioma cell lines treated with several fully human anti-human TRAIL receptor mAbs were sensitive to only anti-DR5 mAbs, whereas they were totally insensitive to anti-DR4 mAb. Treatment with anti-DR5 mAbs exerted rapid cytotoxicity and lead to apoptosis induction. The cellular sensitivity was closely associated with cell-surface expression of DR5. Expression of c-FLIPL, Akt, and Cyclin D1 significantly correlated with sensitivity to anti-DR5 mAbs. Primary cultures of glioma cells were also relatively resistant to anti-DR5 mAbs, exhibiting both lower DR5 and higher c-FLIPL expression. Downregulation of c-FLIPL expression resulted in the sensitization of human glioma cells to anti-DR5 mAbs, whereas overexpression of c-FLIPL conferred resistance to anti-DR5 mAb. Treatment of tumor-burden nude mice with the direct agonist anti-DR5 mAb KMTR2 significantly suppressed growth of subcutaneous glioma xenografts leading to complete regression. Similarly, treatment of nude mice bearing intracerebral glioma xenografts with KMTR2 significantly elongated lifespan without tumor recurrence. These results suggest that DR5 is the predominant TRAIL receptor mediating apoptotic signals in human glioma cells, and sensitivity to anti-DR5 mAbs was determined at least in part by the expression level of c-FLIPL and Akt. Specific targeting of death receptor pathway through DR5 using fully human mAbs might provide a novel therapeutic strategy for intractable malignant gliomas. PMID:20511188

  12. Human Space Flight Plans Committee

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-08-11

    Members of the Human Space Flight Review Committee from left, Jeffrey Greason, Dr. Christopher Chyba, Dr. Leroy Chiao, Dr. Sally Ride, Norman Augustine (chair), Philip McAllister, Dr. Edward Crawley, Dr. Wanda Austin, and Bhodan Bejmuk review their notes prior to the start of a public meeting, Wednesday, Aug. 12, 2009, in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Paul E. Alers)

  13. Human Space Flight Plans Committee

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-08-11

    Members of the Human Space Flight Review Committee from left, Jeffrey Greason, Dr. Christopher Chyba, Dr. Leroy Chiao, Dr. Sally Ride, Norman Augustine (chair), Philip McAllister, Dr. Edward Crawley, Dr. Wanda Austin (not seen), and Bhodan Bejmuk review their notes prior to the start of a public meeting, Wednesday, Aug. 12, 2009, in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Paul E. Alers)

  14. Pilot Trial of Inpatient Cognitive Therapy for the Prevention of Suicide in Military Personnel with Acute Stress Disorder or Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-08-01

    meeting was held on April 14, 2013. The members of the DSMB included Dr. Sunil Bhar (Swinburne University), Dr. Walter Matweychuk (University of...Depression (NARSAD) Study Representatives: Dr. Marjan Holloway (PI); Dr. Laura Neely (Clinical Coordinator) DSMB Members: Dr. Sunil Bhar

  15. A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Citywide Emergency Department Care Coordination Program to Reduce Prescription Opioid Related ED Visits

    PubMed Central

    Paulozzi, Leonard J.; Howell, Donelle; McPherson, Sterling; Murphy, Sean M.; Grohs, Becky; Marsh, Linda; Lederhos, Crystal; Roll, Jon

    2017-01-01

    Background Increasing prescription overdose deaths have demonstrated the need for safer ED prescribing practices for patients who are frequent ED users. Objectives We hypothesized that the care of frequent ED users would improve using a citywide care coordination program combined with an ED care coordination information system, as measured by fewer ED visits by and decreased controlled substance prescribing to these patients. Methods We conducted a multi-site randomized controlled trial (RCT) across all EDs in a metropolitan area. 165 patients with the most ED visits for complaints of pain were randomized. For the treatment arm, drivers of ED use were identified by medical record review. Patients and their primary care providers were contacted by phone. Each patient was discussed at a community multidisciplinary meeting where recommendations for ED care were formed. The ED care recommendations were stored in an ED information exchange system that faxed them to the treating ED provider when the patient presented to the ED. The control arm was subjected to treatment as usual. Results The intervention arm experienced a 34% decrease (IRR = 0.66, p < 0.001; 95% CI: 0.57 – 0.78) in ED visits and an 80% decrease (OR = 0.21, p = 0.001) in the odds of receiving an opioid prescription from the ED relative to the control group. Declines of 43.7%, 53.1%, 52.9%, and 53.1% were observed in the treatment group for morphine milligram equivalents, controlled substance pills, prescriptions, and prescribers. Conclusion This RCT showed the effectiveness of a citywide ED care coordination program in reducing ED visits and controlled substance prescribing. PMID:27624507

  16. Genomics, molecular imaging, bioinformatics, and bio-nano-info integration are synergistic components of translational medicine and personalized healthcare research.

    PubMed

    Yang, Jack Y; Yang, Mary Qu; Arabnia, Hamid R; Deng, Youping

    2008-09-16

    Supported by National Science Foundation (NSF), International Society of Intelligent Biological Medicine (ISIBM), International Journal of Computational Biology and Drug Design and International Journal of Functional Informatics and Personalized Medicine, IEEE 7th Bioinformatics and Bioengineering attracted more than 600 papers and 500 researchers and medical doctors. It was the only synergistic inter/multidisciplinary IEEE conference with 24 Keynote Lectures, 7 Tutorials, 5 Cutting-Edge Research Workshops and 32 Scientific Sessions including 11 Special Research Interest Sessions that were designed dynamically at Harvard in response to the current research trends and advances. The committee was very grateful for the IEEE Plenary Keynote Lectures given by: Dr. A. Keith Dunker (Indiana), Dr. Jun Liu (Harvard), Dr. Brian Athey (Michigan), Dr. Mark Borodovsky (Georgia Tech and President of ISIBM), Dr. Hamid Arabnia (Georgia and Vice-President of ISIBM), Dr. Ruzena Bajcsy (Berkeley and Member of United States National Academy of Engineering and Member of United States Institute of Medicine of the National Academies), Dr. Mary Yang (United States National Institutes of Health and Oak Ridge, DOE), Dr. Chih-Ming Ho (UCLA and Member of United States National Academy of Engineering and Academician of Academia Sinica), Dr. Andy Baxevanis (United States National Institutes of Health), Dr. Arif Ghafoor (Purdue), Dr. John Quackenbush (Harvard), Dr. Eric Jakobsson (UIUC), Dr. Vladimir Uversky (Indiana), Dr. Laura Elnitski (United States National Institutes of Health) and other world-class scientific leaders. The Harvard meeting was a large academic event 100% full-sponsored by IEEE financially and academically. After a rigorous peer-review process, the committee selected 27 high-quality research papers from 600 submissions. The committee is grateful for contributions from keynote speakers Dr. Russ Altman (IEEE BIBM conference keynote lecturer on combining simulation and machine learning to recognize function in 4D), Dr. Mary Qu Yang (IEEE BIBM workshop keynote lecturer on new initiatives of detecting microscopic disease using machine learning and molecular biology, http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=4425386) and Dr. Jack Y. Yang (IEEE BIBM workshop keynote lecturer on data mining and knowledge discovery in translational medicine) from the first IEEE Computer Society BioInformatics and BioMedicine (IEEE BIBM) international conference and workshops, November 2-4, 2007, Silicon Valley, California, USA.

  17. Genomics, molecular imaging, bioinformatics, and bio-nano-info integration are synergistic components of translational medicine and personalized healthcare research

    PubMed Central

    2008-01-01

    Supported by National Science Foundation (NSF), International Society of Intelligent Biological Medicine (ISIBM), International Journal of Computational Biology and Drug Design and International Journal of Functional Informatics and Personalized Medicine, IEEE 7th Bioinformatics and Bioengineering attracted more than 600 papers and 500 researchers and medical doctors. It was the only synergistic inter/multidisciplinary IEEE conference with 24 Keynote Lectures, 7 Tutorials, 5 Cutting-Edge Research Workshops and 32 Scientific Sessions including 11 Special Research Interest Sessions that were designed dynamically at Harvard in response to the current research trends and advances. The committee was very grateful for the IEEE Plenary Keynote Lectures given by: Dr. A. Keith Dunker (Indiana), Dr. Jun Liu (Harvard), Dr. Brian Athey (Michigan), Dr. Mark Borodovsky (Georgia Tech and President of ISIBM), Dr. Hamid Arabnia (Georgia and Vice-President of ISIBM), Dr. Ruzena Bajcsy (Berkeley and Member of United States National Academy of Engineering and Member of United States Institute of Medicine of the National Academies), Dr. Mary Yang (United States National Institutes of Health and Oak Ridge, DOE), Dr. Chih-Ming Ho (UCLA and Member of United States National Academy of Engineering and Academician of Academia Sinica), Dr. Andy Baxevanis (United States National Institutes of Health), Dr. Arif Ghafoor (Purdue), Dr. John Quackenbush (Harvard), Dr. Eric Jakobsson (UIUC), Dr. Vladimir Uversky (Indiana), Dr. Laura Elnitski (United States National Institutes of Health) and other world-class scientific leaders. The Harvard meeting was a large academic event 100% full-sponsored by IEEE financially and academically. After a rigorous peer-review process, the committee selected 27 high-quality research papers from 600 submissions. The committee is grateful for contributions from keynote speakers Dr. Russ Altman (IEEE BIBM conference keynote lecturer on combining simulation and machine learning to recognize function in 4D), Dr. Mary Qu Yang (IEEE BIBM workshop keynote lecturer on new initiatives of detecting microscopic disease using machine learning and molecular biology, http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=4425386) and Dr. Jack Y. Yang (IEEE BIBM workshop keynote lecturer on data mining and knowledge discovery in translational medicine) from the first IEEE Computer Society BioInformatics and BioMedicine (IEEE BIBM) international conference and workshops, November 2-4, 2007, Silicon Valley, California, USA. PMID:18831773

  18. Heritability of the severity of diabetic retinopathy: the FIND-Eye study.

    PubMed

    Arar, Nedal H; Freedman, Barry I; Adler, Sharon G; Iyengar, Sudha K; Chew, Emily Y; Davis, Mathew D; Satko, Scott G; Bowden, Donald W; Duggirala, Ravi; Elston, Robert C; Guo, Xiuxing; Hanson, Robert L; Igo, Robert P; Ipp, Eli; Kimmel, Paul L; Knowler, William C; Molineros, Julio; Nelson, Robert G; Pahl, Madeleine V; Quade, Shannon R E; Rasooly, Rebekah S; Rotter, Jerome I; Saad, Mohammed F; Scavini, Marina; Schelling, Jeffrey R; Sedor, John R; Shah, Vallabh O; Zager, Philip G; Abboud, Hanna E

    2008-09-01

    Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) are serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Correlations between severity of DR and DN and computed heritability estimates for DR were determined in a large, multiethnic sample of diabetic families. The hypothesis was that (1) the severity of DR correlates with the presence and severity of nephropathy in individuals with diabetes mellitus, and (2) the severity of DR is under significant familial influence in members of multiplex diabetic families. The Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes (FIND) was designed to evaluate the genetic basis of DN in American Indians, European Americans, African Americans, and Mexican Americans. FIND enrolled probands with advanced DN, along with their diabetic siblings who were concordant and discordant for nephropathy. These diabetic family members were invited to participate in the FIND-Eye study to determine whether inherited factors underlie susceptibility to DR and its severity. FIND-Eye participants underwent eye examinations and had fundus photographs taken. The severity of DR was graded by using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Classification (ETDRS). Sib-sib correlations were calculated with the SAGE 5.0 program FCOR, to estimate heritability of retinopathy severity. This report summarizes the results for the first 2368 diabetic subjects from 767 families enrolled in FIND-Eye; nearly 50% were Mexican American, the largest single ethnicity within FIND. The overall prevalence of DR was high; 33.4% had proliferative DR; 7.5%, 22.8%, and 9.5% had severe, moderate, and mild nonproliferative DR, respectively; 26.6% had no DR. The severity of DR was significantly associated with severity of DN, both by phenotypic category and by increasing serum creatinine concentration (chi(2) = 658.14, df = 20; P < 0.0001). The sib-sib correlation for DR severity was 0.1358 in the total sample and 0.1224 when limited to the Mexican-American sample. Broad sense heritabilities for DR were 27% overall and 24% in Mexican-American families. The polygenic heritability of liability for proliferative DR approximated 25% in this FIND-Eye sample. These data confirm that the severity of DR parallels the presence and severity of nephropathy in individuals with diabetes mellitus. The severity of DR in members of multiplex diabetic families appears to have a significant familial connection.

  19. Heritability of the Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy: The FIND-Eye Study

    PubMed Central

    Arar, Nedal H.; Freedman, Barry I.; Adler, Sharon G.; Iyengar, Sudha K.; Chew, Emily Y.; Davis, Mathew D.; Satko, Scott G.; Bowden, Donald W.; Duggirala, Ravi; Elston, Robert C.; Guo, Xiuxing; Hanson, Robert L.; Igo, Robert P.; Ipp, Eli; Kimmel, Paul L.; Knowler, William C.; Molineros, Julio; Nelson, Robert G.; Pahl, Madeleine V.; Quade, Shannon R. E.; Rasooly, Rebekah S.; Rotter, Jerome I.; Saad, Mohammed F.; Scavini, Marina; Schelling, Jeffrey R.; Sedor, John R.; Shah, Vallabh O.; Zager, Philip G.; Abboud, Hanna E.

    2008-01-01

    PURPOSE Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) are serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Correlations between severity of DR and DN and computed heritability estimates for DR were determined in a large, multiethnic sample of diabetic families. The hypothesis was that (1) the severity of DR correlates with the presence and severity of nephropathy in individuals with diabetes mellitus, and (2) the severity of DR is under significant familial influence in members of multiplex diabetic families. METHODS The Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes (FIND) was designed to evaluate the genetic basis of DN in American Indians, European Americans, African Americans, and Mexican Americans. FIND enrolled probands with advanced DN, along with their diabetic siblings who were concordant and discordant for nephropathy. These diabetic family members were invited to participate in the FIND-Eye study to determine whether inherited factors underlie susceptibility to DR and its severity. FIND-Eye participants underwent eye examinations and had fundus photographs taken. The severity of DR was graded by using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Classification (ETDRS). Sib–sib correlations were calculated with the SAGE 5.0 program FCOR, to estimate heritability of retinopathy severity. RESULTS This report summarizes the results for the first 2368 diabetic subjects from 767 families enrolled in FIND-Eye; nearly 50% were Mexican American, the largest single ethnicity within FIND. The overall prevalence of DR was high; 33.4% had proliferative DR; 7.5%, 22.8%, and 9.5% had severe, moderate, and mild nonproliferative DR, respectively; 26.6% had no DR. The severity of DR was significantly associated with severity of DN, both by phenotypic category and by increasing serum creatinine concentration (χ2 = 658.14, df = 20; P < 0.0001). The sib–sib correlation for DR severity was 0.1358 in the total sample and 0.1224 when limited to the Mexican-American sample. Broad sense heritabilities for DR were 27% overall and 24% in Mexican-American families. The polygenic heritability of liability for proliferative DR approximated 25% in this FIND-Eye sample. CONCLUSIONS These data confirm that the severity of DR parallels the presence and severity of nephropathy in individuals with diabetes mellitus. The severity of DR in members of multiplex diabetic families appears to have a significant familial connection. PMID:18765632

  20. State Regulation Of Freestanding Emergency Departments Varies Widely, Affecting Location, Growth, And Services Provided.

    PubMed

    Gutierrez, Catherine; Lindor, Rachel A; Baker, Olesya; Cutler, David; Schuur, Jeremiah D

    2016-10-01

    Freestanding emergency departments (EDs), which offer emergency medical care at sites separate from hospitals, are a rapidly growing alternative to traditional hospital-based EDs. We evaluated state regulations of freestanding EDs and describe their effect on the EDs' location, staffing, and services. As of December 2015, thirty-two states collectively had 400 freestanding EDs. Twenty-one states had regulations that allowed freestanding EDs, and twenty-nine states did not have regulations that applied specifically to such EDs (one state had hospital regulations that precluded them). State policies regarding freestanding EDs varied widely, with no standard requirements for location, staffing patterns, or clinical capabilities. States requiring freestanding EDs to have a certificate of need had fewer of such EDs per capita than states without such a requirement. For patients to better understand the capabilities and costs of freestanding EDs and to be able to choose the most appropriate site of emergency care, consistent state regulation of freestanding EDs is needed. Project HOPE—The People-to-People Health Foundation, Inc.

  1. Executive dysfunction post-stroke: an insight into the perspectives of physiotherapists.

    PubMed

    Hayes, Sara; Donnellan, Claire; Stokes, Emma

    2015-01-01

    To gain an understanding of physiotherapy practice in relation to executive dysfunction (ED) post-stroke. Three focus groups were conducted using semi-structured interview schedules to highlight how ED post-stroke was understood by 12 physiotherapists with greater than 1 year of experience working in the area of stroke care. The focus group data were analysed using qualitative data analysis. The themes extracted from the data on physiotherapists' self-reported knowledge of ED post-stroke were: physiotherapists' lack of knowledge of ED post-stroke; current physiotherapy practice regarding ED post-stroke; the negative impact of ED on physiotherapy rehabilitation post-stroke and the future learning needs of physiotherapists regarding ED post-stroke. Current results demonstrate that ED has negative implications for physiotherapy rehabilitation post-stroke. Although further interdisciplinary research is warranted, the present results suggest that physiotherapists should be aware of the presence of ED in people post-stroke and develop strategies to minimise the impact of ED on physiotherapy rehabilitation. Implications for Rehabilitation Physiotherapists report a lack of knowledge of ED post-stroke and a requirement for future learning and training regarding the optimal management of people with ED undergoing physiotherapy rehabilitation post-stroke. ED has negative implications for physiotherapy rehabilitation post-stroke and physiotherapists should be aware of the presence of ED in people post-stroke and develop strategies to minimise the impact of ED on physiotherapy rehabilitation.

  2. Association between reported screening and counseling about energy drinks and energy drink intake among U.S. adolescents.

    PubMed

    Kumar, Gayathri Suresh; Park, Sohyun; Onufrak, Stephen

    2014-02-01

    Possible adverse health consequences of excessive energy drink (ED) consumption have led to recommendations by the American Academy of Pediatrics discouraging ED intake by youth. However, limited information on ED counseling by health care providers exists. Data was obtained from the 2011 YouthStyles Survey administered to youth aged 12-17 (n=815). The outcome variable was ED consumption (none vs. ≥1 time/week) and exposure variables were screening and counseling about ED (if doctor/nurse asked about ED consumption and if doctor/nurse recommended against ED consumption). Approximately 8.5% of youth consumed energy drinks weekly, 11.5% reported being asked by their doctor/nurse about frequency of ED consumption, and 11.1% were advised by their doctor/nurse against ED intake. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds for drinking ED ≥1 time/week was significantly higher in youth who were asked how often they drank ED by their doctor/nurse (odds ratio=2.46) vs. those who were not asked. About 1 in 9 youth reported receiving counseling discouraging ED consumption from their doctor/nurse, and a greater proportion of youth who were screened about ED also reported ED consumption. Efforts by health care providers to educate youth about potential harms of consuming ED are needed. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

  3. Cryogenic Frequency Domain Optical Mass Memory.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1982-12-10

    Schuster Dr. William M. Jackson Chemistry Department Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Howard University Urbana, Illinois 61801 Washington...DC 20059 Dr. A. Adamson Dr. George E. Walraffen Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry University of Southern Howard University California...University of Illinois Howard University Urbana, Illinois 61801 1 Washixgton, DC 20059 Dr. A. Adamson Dr. George E. Walraffen Department of Chemistry

  4. catsHTM: A Tool for Fast Accessing and Cross-matching Large Astronomical Catalogs

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Soumagnac, Maayane T.; Ofek, Eran O.

    2018-07-01

    Fast access to large catalogs is required for some astronomical applications. Here we introduce the catsHTM tool, consisting of several large catalogs reformatted into HDF5-based file format, which can be downloaded and used locally. To allow fast access, the catalogs are partitioned into hierarchical triangular meshes and stored in HDF5 files. Several tools are provided to perform efficient cone searches at resolutions spanning from a few arc-seconds to degrees, within a few milliseconds time. The first released version includes the following catalogs (by alphabetical order): 2MASS, 2MASS extended sources, AKARI, APASS, Cosmos, DECaLS/DR5, FIRST, GAIA/DR1, GAIA/DR2, GALEX/DR6Plus7, HSC/v2, IPHAS/DR2, NED redshifts, NVSS, Pan-STARRS1/DR1, PTF photometric catalog, ROSAT faint source, SDSS sources, SDSS/DR14 spectroscopy, SkyMapper, Spitzer/SAGE, Spitzer/IRAC galactic center, UCAC4, UKIDSS/DR10, VST/ATLAS/DR3, VST/KiDS/DR3, WISE and XMM. We provide Python code that allows to perform cone searches, as well as MATLAB code for performing cone searches, catalog cross-matching, general searches, as well as load and create these catalogs.

  5. An Automated Detection System for Microaneurysms That Is Effective across Different Racial Groups.

    PubMed

    Saleh, George Michael; Wawrzynski, James; Caputo, Silvestro; Peto, Tunde; Al Turk, Lutfiah Ismail; Wang, Su; Hu, Yin; Da Cruz, Lyndon; Smith, Phil; Tang, Hongying Lilian

    2016-01-01

    Patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR) represent a large proportion of the caseload seen by the DR screening service so reliable recognition of the absence of DR in digital fundus images (DFIs) is a prime focus of automated DR screening research. We investigate the use of a novel automated DR detection algorithm to assess retinal DFIs for absence of DR. A retrospective, masked, and controlled image-based study was undertaken. 17,850 DFIs of patients from six different countries were assessed for DR by the automated system and by human graders. The system's performance was compared across DFIs from the different countries/racial groups. The sensitivities for detection of DR by the automated system were Kenya 92.8%, Botswana 90.1%, Norway 93.5%, Mongolia 91.3%, China 91.9%, and UK 90.1%. The specificities were Kenya 82.7%, Botswana 83.2%, Norway 81.3%, Mongolia 82.5%, China 83.0%, and UK 79%. There was little variability in the calculated sensitivities and specificities across the six different countries involved in the study. These data suggest the possible scalability of an automated DR detection platform that enables rapid identification of patients without DR across a wide range of races.

  6. Nitric oxide sensitizes tumor cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis via inhibition of the DR5 transcription repressor Yin Yang 1.

    PubMed

    Huerta-Yepez, Sara; Vega, Mario; Escoto-Chavez, Saul E; Murdock, Benjamin; Sakai, Toshiyuki; Baritaki, Stavroula; Bonavida, Benjamin

    2009-02-01

    Treatment of TRAIL-resistant tumor cells with the nitric oxide donor DETANONOate sensitizes the tumor cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis concomitantly with DR5 upregulation. The mechanism of sensitization was examined based on the hypothesis that DETANONOate inhibits a transcription repressor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) that negatively regulates DR5 transcription. Treatment of the prostate carcinoma cell lines with DETANONOate inhibited both NF-kappaB and YY1 DNA-binding activities concomitantly with upregulation of DR5 expression. The direct role of YY1 in the regulation of TRAIL resistance was demonstrated in cells treated with YY1 siRNA resulting in TRAIL-induced apoptosis. The role of YY1 in the transcriptional regulation of DR5 was examined in cells treated with a DR5 luciferase reporter system (pDR5) and two constructs, namely, the pDR5/-605 construct with a deletion of the putative YY1 DNA-binding region (-1224 to -605) and a construct pDR5-YY1 with a mutation of the YY1 DNA-binding site. A significant (3-fold) augmentation of luciferase activity over baseline transfection with pDR5 was observed in cells transfected with the modified constructs. ChIP analysis corroborated the YY1 binding to the DR5 promoter. In vivo, tissues from nude mice bearing the PC-3 xenograft and treated with DETANONOate showed inhibition of YY1 and upregulation of DR5. The present findings demonstrate that YY1 negatively regulates DR5 transcription and expression and these correlated with resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. DETANONOate inhibits both NF-kappaB and YY1 and in combination with TRAIL reverses tumor cell resistance to TRAIL apoptosis.

  7. Automated diabetic retinopathy detection in smartphone-based fundus photography using artificial intelligence.

    PubMed

    Rajalakshmi, Ramachandran; Subashini, Radhakrishnan; Anjana, Ranjit Mohan; Mohan, Viswanathan

    2018-06-01

    To assess the role of artificial intelligence (AI)-based automated software for detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and sight-threatening DR (STDR) by fundus photography taken using a smartphone-based device and validate it against ophthalmologist's grading. Three hundred and one patients with type 2 diabetes underwent retinal photography with Remidio 'Fundus on phone' (FOP), a smartphone-based device, at a tertiary care diabetes centre in India. Grading of DR was performed by the ophthalmologists using International Clinical DR (ICDR) classification scale. STDR was defined by the presence of severe non-proliferative DR, proliferative DR or diabetic macular oedema (DME). The retinal photographs were graded using a validated AI DR screening software (EyeArt TM ) designed to identify DR, referable DR (moderate non-proliferative DR or worse and/or DME) or STDR. The sensitivity and specificity of automated grading were assessed and validated against the ophthalmologists' grading. Retinal images of 296 patients were graded. DR was detected by the ophthalmologists in 191 (64.5%) and by the AI software in 203 (68.6%) patients while STDR was detected in 112 (37.8%) and 146 (49.3%) patients, respectively. The AI software showed 95.8% (95% CI 92.9-98.7) sensitivity and 80.2% (95% CI 72.6-87.8) specificity for detecting any DR and 99.1% (95% CI 95.1-99.9) sensitivity and 80.4% (95% CI 73.9-85.9) specificity in detecting STDR with a kappa agreement of k = 0.78 (p < 0.001) and k = 0.75 (p < 0.001), respectively. Automated AI analysis of FOP smartphone retinal imaging has very high sensitivity for detecting DR and STDR and thus can be an initial tool for mass retinal screening in people with diabetes.

  8. [A total of 362 HLA different haplotypes and HLA recombination haplotypes based on analysis of their family pedigree in Chinese partial Han populations].

    PubMed

    Gao, Su-Qing; Cheng, Xi; Li, Qian; Li, Yu-Zhu; Deng, Zhi-Hui

    2009-06-01

    This study was aimed to discover the novel HLA recombination haplotypes and investigate the distribution of haplotypes in Chinese Han population. Based on the HLA-A, B, DRB1 typing results of 179 family members, 791 haplotypes were assigned by the mode of inheritance. The results showed that a total of 4 novel recombinant haplotypes in HLA-DRB1 locus region were observed in 4 families, which ratio of paternal to maternal chromosomes was 3:1. The recombination ratio between HLA-DRB1 and HLA-A or B loci was 0.92% (4/433). There were a total of 362 kinds of HLA-A, -B, -DRB1 haplotypes to be confirmed in Chinese Han partial population. A33-B58-DR17, A2-B46-DR9, A30-B13-DR7, A11-B13-DR15, A11-B75-DR12 and A2-B46-DR14 were the most common haplotypes that was consistent with the distribution of HLA alleles in unrelated donors. There were A1-B63-DR12, A29-B46-DR15, A1-B61-DR10, A34-B35-DR9, A29-B54-DR4, A23-B13-DR16 and A34-B62-DR15 haplotypes and so on, which were rare haplotypes not yet reported in Chinese. It is concluded that the HLA-A-B-DRB1 haplotypes would be confirmed by analysis of their family pedigree. The results obtained in this study are basic data for study of Chinese anthropology, organ transplantation and disease correlation analysis.

  9. A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Citywide Emergency Department Care Coordination Program to Reduce Prescription Opioid Related Emergency Department Visits.

    PubMed

    Neven, Darin; Paulozzi, Leonard; Howell, Donelle; McPherson, Sterling; Murphy, Sean M; Grohs, Becky; Marsh, Linda; Lederhos, Crystal; Roll, John

    2016-11-01

    Increasing prescription overdose deaths have demonstrated the need for safer emergency department (ED) prescribing practices for patients who are frequent ED users. We hypothesized that the care of frequent ED users would improve using a citywide care coordination program combined with an ED care coordination information system, as measured by fewer ED visits by and decreased controlled substance prescribing to these patients. We conducted a multisite randomized controlled trial (RCT) across all EDs in a metropolitan area; 165 patients with the most ED visits for complaints of pain were randomized. For the treatment arm, drivers of ED use were identified by medical record review. Patients and their primary care providers were contacted by phone. Each patient was discussed at a community multidisciplinary meeting where recommendations for ED care were formed. The ED care recommendations were stored in an ED information exchange system that faxed them to the treating ED provider when the patient presented to the ED. The control arm was subjected to treatment as usual. The intervention arm experienced a 34% decrease (incident rate ratios = 0.66, p < 0.001; 95% confidence interval 0.57-0.78) in ED visits and an 80% decrease (odds ratio = 0.21, p = 0.001) in the odds of receiving an opioid prescription from the ED relative to the control group. Declines of 43.7%, 53.1%, 52.9%, and 53.1% were observed in the treatment group for morphine milligram equivalents, controlled substance pills, prescriptions, and prescribers, respectively. This RCT showed the effectiveness of a citywide ED care coordination program in reducing ED visits and controlled substance prescribing. Copyright © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. Molecular cloning and characterization of enhanced disease susceptibility 1 (EDS1) from Gossypium barbadense.

    PubMed

    Su, Xiaofeng; Qi, Xiliang; Cheng, Hongmei

    2014-06-01

    Arabidopsis enhanced disease susceptibility 1 (EDS1) plays an important role in plant defense against biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens. The necrotrophic pathogen Verticillium dahliae infection of Gossypium barbadense could lead to Verticillium wilt which seriously reduces the cotton production. Here, we cloned and characterized a G. barbadense homolog of EDS1, designated as GbEDS1. The full-length cDNA of the GbEDS1 gene was obtained by the technique of rapid-amplification of cDNA ends. The open reading frame of the GbEDS1 gene was 1,647 bp long and encoded a protein of 548 amino acids residues. Comparison of the cDNA and genomic DNA sequence of GbEDS1 indicated that this gene contained a single intron and two exons. Like other EDS1s, GbEDS1 contained a conserved N-terminal lipase domain and an EDS1-specific KNEDT motif. Subcellular localization assay revealed that GbEDS1-green fluorescence protein fusion protein was localized in both cytosol and nucleus. Interestingly, the transcript levels of GbEDS1 were dramatically increased in response to pathogen V. dahliae infection. To investigate the role of GbEDS1 in plant resistance against V. dahliae, a conserved fragment derived from GbEDS1 was used to knockdown the endogenous EDS1 in Nicotiana benthamiana by heterologous virus-induced gene silencing. Our data showed that silencing of NbEDS1 resulted in increased susceptibility to V. dahliae infection in N. benthamiana, suggesting a possible involvement of the novelly isolated GbEDS1 in the regulation of plant defense against V. dahliae.

  11. The financial consequences of lost demand and reducing boarding in hospital emergency departments.

    PubMed

    Pines, Jesse M; Batt, Robert J; Hilton, Joshua A; Terwiesch, Christian

    2011-10-01

    Some have suggested that emergency department (ED) boarding is prevalent because it maximizes revenue as hospitals prioritize non-ED admissions, which reimburse higher than ED admissions. We explore the revenue implications to the overall hospital of reducing boarding in the ED. We quantified the revenue effect of reducing boarding-the balance of higher ED demand and the reduction of non-ED admissions-using financial modeling informed by regression analysis and discrete-event simulation with data from 1 inner-city teaching hospital during 2 years (118,000 ED visits, 22% ED admission rate, 7% left without being seen rate, 36,000 non-ED admissions). Various inpatient bed management policies for reducing non-ED admissions were tested. Non-ED admissions generated more revenue than ED admissions ($4,118 versus $2,268 per inpatient day). A 1-hour reduction in ED boarding time would result in $9,693 to $13,298 of additional daily revenue from capturing left without being seen and diverted ambulance patients. To accommodate this demand, we found that simulated management policies in which non-ED admissions are reduced without consideration to hospital capacity (ie, static policies) mostly did not result in higher revenue. Many dynamic policies requiring cancellation of various proportions of non-ED admissions when the hospital reaches specific trigger points increased revenue. The optimal strategies tested resulted in an estimated $2.7 million and $3.6 in net revenue per year, depending on whether left without being seen patients were assumed to be outpatients or mirrored ambulatory admission rates, respectively. Dynamic inpatient bed management in inner-city teaching hospitals in which non-ED admissions are occasionally reduced to ensure that EDs have reduced boarding times is a financially attractive strategy. Copyright © 2010 American College of Emergency Physicians. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

  12. The induction of autoimmune hepatitis in the human leucocyte antigen‐DR4 non‐obese diabetic mice autoimmune hepatitis mouse model

    PubMed Central

    Yuksel, M.; Xiao, X.; Tai, N.; Vijay, G. M.; Gülden, E.; Beland, K.; Lapierre, P.; Alvarez, F.; Hu, Z.; Colle, I.; Ma, Y.

    2016-01-01

    Summary Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic liver disease characterized by progressive inflammation, female preponderance and seropositivity for autoantibodies such as anti‐smooth muscle actin and/or anti‐nuclear, anti‐liver kidney microsomal type 1 (anti‐LKM1) and anti‐liver cytosol type 1 (anti‐LC1) in more than 80% of cases. AIH is linked strongly to several major histocompatibility complex (MHC) alleles, including human leucocyte antigen (HLA)‐DR3, ‐DR7 and ‐DR13. HLA‐DR4 has the second strongest association with adult AIH, after HLA‐DR3. We investigated the role of HLA‐DR4 in the development of AIH by immunization of HLA‐DR4 (DR4) transgenic non‐obese diabetic (NOD) mice with DNA coding for human CYP2D6/FTCD fusion autoantigen. Immunization of DR4 mice leads to sustained mild liver injury, as assessed biochemically by elevated alanine aminotransferase, histologically by interface hepatitis, plasma cell infiltration and mild fibrosis and immunologically by the development of anti‐LKM1/anti‐LC1 antibodies. In addition, livers from DR4 mice had fewer regulatory T cells (Tregs), which had decreased programmed death (PD)‐1 expression. Splenic Tregs from these mice also showed impaired inhibitory capacity. Furthermore, DR4 expression enhanced the activation status of CD8+ T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells in naive DR4 mice compared to naive wild‐type (WT) NOD mice. Our results demonstrate that HLA‐DR4 is a susceptibility factor for the development of AIH. Impaired suppressive function of Tregs and reduced PD‐1 expression may result in spontaneous activation of key immune cell subsets, such as antigen‐presenting cells and CD8+ T effectors, facilitating the induction of AIH and persistent liver damage. PMID:27414259

  13. The induction of autoimmune hepatitis in the human leucocyte antigen-DR4 non-obese diabetic mice autoimmune hepatitis mouse model.

    PubMed

    Yuksel, M; Xiao, X; Tai, N; Vijay, G M; Gülden, E; Beland, K; Lapierre, P; Alvarez, F; Hu, Z; Colle, I; Ma, Y; Wen, L

    2016-11-01

    Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic liver disease characterized by progressive inflammation, female preponderance and seropositivity for autoantibodies such as anti-smooth muscle actin and/or anti-nuclear, anti-liver kidney microsomal type 1 (anti-LKM1) and anti-liver cytosol type 1 (anti-LC1) in more than 80% of cases. AIH is linked strongly to several major histocompatibility complex (MHC) alleles, including human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DR3, -DR7 and -DR13. HLA-DR4 has the second strongest association with adult AIH, after HLA-DR3. We investigated the role of HLA-DR4 in the development of AIH by immunization of HLA-DR4 (DR4) transgenic non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice with DNA coding for human CYP2D6/FTCD fusion autoantigen. Immunization of DR4 mice leads to sustained mild liver injury, as assessed biochemically by elevated alanine aminotransferase, histologically by interface hepatitis, plasma cell infiltration and mild fibrosis and immunologically by the development of anti-LKM1/anti-LC1 antibodies. In addition, livers from DR4 mice had fewer regulatory T cells (T regs ), which had decreased programmed death (PD)-1 expression. Splenic T regs from these mice also showed impaired inhibitory capacity. Furthermore, DR4 expression enhanced the activation status of CD8 + T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells in naive DR4 mice compared to naive wild-type (WT) NOD mice. Our results demonstrate that HLA-DR4 is a susceptibility factor for the development of AIH. Impaired suppressive function of T regs and reduced PD-1 expression may result in spontaneous activation of key immune cell subsets, such as antigen-presenting cells and CD8 + T effectors, facilitating the induction of AIH and persistent liver damage. © 2016 British Society for Immunology.

  14. Diabetes eye screening in urban settings serving minority populations: detection of diabetic retinopathy and other ocular findings using telemedicine.

    PubMed

    Owsley, Cynthia; McGwin, Gerald; Lee, David J; Lam, Byron L; Friedman, David S; Gower, Emily W; Haller, Julia A; Hark, Lisa A; Saaddine, Jinan

    2015-02-01

    The use of a nonmydriatic camera for retinal imaging combined with the remote evaluation of images at a telemedicine reading center has been advanced as a strategy for diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening, particularly among patients with diabetes mellitus from ethnic/racial minority populations with low utilization of eye care. To examine the rate and types of DR identified through a telemedicine screening program using a nonmydriatic camera, as well as the rate of other ocular findings. A cross-sectional study (Innovative Network for Sight [INSIGHT]) was conducted at 4 urban clinic or pharmacy settings in the United States serving predominantly ethnic/racial minority and uninsured persons with diabetes. Participants included persons aged 18 years or older who had type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus and presented to the community-based settings. The percentage of DR detection, including type of DR, and the percentage of detection of other ocular findings. A total of 1894 persons participated in the INSIGHT screening program across sites, with 21.7% having DR in at least 1 eye. The most common type of DR was background DR, which was present in 94.1% of all participants with DR. Almost half (44.2%) of the sample screened had ocular findings other than DR; 30.7% of the other ocular findings were cataract. In a DR telemedicine screening program in urban clinic or pharmacy settings in the United States serving predominantly ethnic/racial minority populations, DR was identified on screening in approximately 1 in 5 persons with diabetes. The vast majority of DR was background, indicating high public health potential for intervention in the earliest phases of DR when treatment can prevent vision loss. Other ocular conditions were detected at a high rate, a collateral benefit of DR screening programs that may be underappreciated.

  15. Dissociative Recombination of Molecular Ions for Astrochemistry

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Novotny, Oldrich; Becker, A.; Buhr, H.; Fleischmann, Andreas; Gamer, Lisa; Geppert, W.; Krantz, C.; Kreckel, H.; Schwalm, D.; Spruck, K.; Wolf, A.; Savin, Daniel Wolf

    2014-06-01

    Dissociative recombination (DR) of molecular ions is a key chemical process in the cold interstellar medium (ISM). DR affects the composition, charge state, and energy balance of such environments. Astrochemical models of the ISM require reliable total DR cross sections as well as knowledge of the chemical composition of the neutral DR products. We have systematically measured DR for many astrophysically relevant molecular ions utilizing the TSR storage ring at the Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics (MPIK) in Heidelberg, Germany. We used the merged ion-electron beam technique combined with an energy- and position-sensitive imaging detector and are able to study DR down to plasma temperatures as low as 10 K. The DR count rate is used to obtain an absolute merged beams DR rate coefficient from which we can derive a thermal rate coefficient needed for plasma models. Additionally we determine the masses of the DR products by measuring their kinetic energy in the laboratory reference frame. This allows us to assign particular DR fragmentation channels and to obtain their branching ratios. All this information is particularly important for understanding DR of heteronuclear polyatomic ions. We will present DR results for several ions recently investigated at TSR. A new Cryogenic Storage Ring (CSR) is currently being commissioned at MPIK. With the chamber cooled down to ~10 K and a base pressure better than 10-13 mbar, this setup will allow internal cooling of the stored ions down to their rotational ground states, thus opening a new era in DR experiments. New technological challenges arise due to the ultracold, ultra-high vacuum environment of the CSR and thus the detection techniques used at TSR cannot be easily transferred to CSR. We will present new approaches for DR fragment detection in cryogenic environment. This work is supported in part by NASA and the NSF.

  16. Identification of Diabetic Retinopathy and Ungradable Image Rate with Ultrawide Field Imaging in a National Teleophthalmology Program.

    PubMed

    Silva, Paolo S; Horton, Mark B; Clary, Dawn; Lewis, Drew G; Sun, Jennifer K; Cavallerano, Jerry D; Aiello, Lloyd Paul

    2016-06-01

    To compare diabetic retinopathy (DR) identification and ungradable image rates between nonmydriatic ultrawide field (UWF) imaging and nonmydriatic multifield fundus photography (NMFP) in a large multistate population-based DR teleophthalmology program. Multiple-site, nonrandomized, consecutive, cross-sectional, retrospective, uncontrolled imaging device evaluation. Thirty-five thousand fifty-two eyes (17 526 patients) imaged using NMFP and 16 218 eyes (8109 patients) imaged using UWF imaging. All patients undergoing Joslin Vision Network (JVN) imaging with either NMFP or UWF imaging from May 1, 2014, through August 30, 2015, within the Indian Health Service-JVN program, which serves American Indian and Alaska Native communities at 97 sites across 25 states, were evaluated. All retinal images were graded using a standardized validated protocol in a centralized reading center. Ungradable rate for DR and diabetic macular edema (DME). The ungradable rate per patient for DR and DME was significantly lower with UWF imaging compared with NMFP (DR, 2.8% vs. 26.9% [P < 0.0001]; DME, 3.8% vs. 26.2% [P < 0.0001]). Identification of eyes with either DR or referable DR (moderate nonproliferative DR or DME or worse) was increased using UWF imaging from 11.7% to 24.2% (P < 0.0001) and from 6.2% to 13.6% (P < 0.0001), respectively. In eyes with DR imaged with UWF imaging (n = 3926 eyes of 2402 patients), the presence of predominantly peripheral lesions suggested a more severe level of DR in 7.2% of eyes (9.6% of patients). In a large, widely distributed DR ocular telehealth program, as compared with NMFP, nonmydriatic UWF imaging reduced the number of ungradable eyes by 81%, increased the identification of DR nearly 2-fold, and identified peripheral lesions suggesting more severe DR in almost 10% of patients, thus demonstrating significant benefits of this imaging method for large DR teleophthalmology programs. Copyright © 2016 American Academy of Ophthalmology. All rights reserved.

  17. Feeding preference and daily ration of 12 dominant copepods on mono and mixed diets of phytoplankton, rotifers, and detritus in a tropical coastal water.

    PubMed

    Jagadeesan, L; Jyothibabu, R; Arunpandi, N; Anjusha, A; Parthasarathi, S; Pandiyarajan, R S

    2017-09-11

    Results of the experimental studies on the feeding habit and daily ration (DR) of 12 dominant copepods from a tropical coastal water (off Kochi, Southwest coast of India) on different food items (phytoplankton, rotifers, and detritus) are presented. Even though, all species of copepods consumed all types of food items in the experiments, they showed noticeable feeding preferences, having important ecological implications. Calanoid Paracalanus parvus and Acrocalanus gracilis consumed phytoplankton and rotifers equally in mono diets (74-89% of DR) and mixed diets (53-82% of DR), which indicated their ability to shift their diet in natural environment based on the availability of food items. Calanoid Acartia erythraea and A. danae consumed more phytoplankton (DR 83 and 72%, respectively) than rotifers (DR 51 and 46%, respectively) in mono diets, and in mixed diets, their consumption was high in phytoplankton combined food mixtures (P + R DR and P + D DR) rather than the R + D food type, indicated their preference for mixed diets of phytoplankton. Similarly, Calanoid Temora turbinata, Pseudodiaptomus serricaudatus, and Centropages tenuiremis preferred a herbivorous diet as evidenced by their high ingestion rate on phytoplankton mono (70 to 87% to their DR) and mixed diets (58 to 80% of DR). On the other hand, Cyclopoid Oithona similis and Poecilostomatoid Corycaeus danae preferred a carnivorous diet, consuming more rotifers (> 80% of DR) than phytoplankton (18-20% of DR) and detritus (5-6% of DR). Harpacticoids Macrosetella gracilis and Euterpina acutifrons equally preferred phytoplankton (78-92% of DR) and detritus (65-89% of DR). The study showed that the dominant copepods in the coastal waters off Kochi occupy different trophic niches available in the environment, which may be applicable in other similar environments as well.

  18. RG7386, a Novel Tetravalent FAP-DR5 Antibody, Effectively Triggers FAP-Dependent, Avidity-Driven DR5 Hyperclustering and Tumor Cell Apoptosis.

    PubMed

    Brünker, Peter; Wartha, Katharina; Friess, Thomas; Grau-Richards, Sandra; Waldhauer, Inja; Koller, Claudia Ferrara; Weiser, Barbara; Majety, Meher; Runza, Valeria; Niu, Huifeng; Packman, Kathryn; Feng, Ningping; Daouti, Sherif; Hosse, Ralf J; Mössner, Ekkehard; Weber, Thomas G; Herting, Frank; Scheuer, Werner; Sade, Hadassah; Shao, Cuiying; Liu, Bin; Wang, Peng; Xu, Gary; Vega-Harring, Suzana; Klein, Christian; Bosslet, Klaus; Umaña, Pablo

    2016-05-01

    Dysregulated cellular apoptosis and resistance to cell death are hallmarks of neoplastic initiation and disease progression. Therefore, the development of agents that overcome apoptosis dysregulation in tumor cells is an attractive therapeutic approach. Activation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway is strongly dependent on death receptor (DR) hyperclustering on the cell surface. However, strategies to activate DR5 or DR4 through agonistic antibodies have had only limited clinical success. To pursue an alternative approach for tumor-targeted induction of apoptosis, we engineered a bispecific antibody (BsAb), which simultaneously targets fibroblast-activation protein (FAP) on cancer-associated fibroblasts in tumor stroma and DR5 on tumor cells. We hypothesized that bivalent binding to both FAP and DR5 leads to avidity-driven hyperclustering of DR5 and subsequently strong induction of apoptosis in tumor cells but not in normal cells. Here, we show that RG7386, an optimized FAP-DR5 BsAb, triggers potent tumor cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo in preclinical tumor models with FAP-positive stroma. RG7386 antitumor efficacy was strictly FAP dependent, was independent of FcR cross-linking, and was superior to conventional DR5 antibodies. In combination with irinotecan or doxorubicin, FAP-DR5 treatment resulted in substantial tumor regression in patient-derived xenograft models. FAP-DR5 also demonstrated single-agent activity against FAP-expressing malignant cells, due to cross-binding of FAP and DR5 across tumor cells. Taken together, these data demonstrate that RG7386, a novel and potent antitumor agent in both mono- and combination therapies, overcomes limitations of previous DR5 antibodies and represents a promising approach to conquer tumor-associated resistance to apoptosis. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(5); 946-57. ©2016 AACR. ©2016 American Association for Cancer Research.

  19. Impact of digital radiography on clinical workflow.

    PubMed

    May, G A; Deer, D D; Dackiewicz, D

    2000-05-01

    It is commonly accepted that digital radiography (DR) improves workflow and patient throughput compared with traditional film radiography or computed radiography (CR). DR eliminates the film development step and the time to acquire the image from a CR reader. In addition, the wide dynamic range of DR is such that the technologist can perform the quality-control (QC) step directly at the modality in a few seconds, rather than having to transport the newly acquired image to a centralized QC station for review. Furthermore, additional workflow efficiencies can be achieved with DR by employing tight radiology information system (RIS) integration. In the DR imaging environment, this provides for patient demographic information to be automatically downloaded from the RIS to populate the DR Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) image header. To learn more about this workflow efficiency improvement, we performed a comparative study of workflow steps under three different conditions: traditional film/screen x-ray, DR without RIS integration (ie, manual entry of patient demographics), and DR with RIS integration. This study was performed at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation (Cleveland, OH) using a newly acquired amorphous silicon flat-panel DR system from Canon Medical Systems (Irvine, CA). Our data show that DR without RIS results in substantial workflow savings over traditional film/screen practice. There is an additional 30% reduction in total examination time using DR with RIS integration.

  20. Comparison of associated features and drug treatment between co-occurring unipolar and bipolar disorders in depressed eating disorder patients.

    PubMed

    Tseng, Mei-Chih Meg; Chang, Chin-Hao; Liao, Shih-Cheng; Chen, Hsi-Chung

    2017-02-27

    To examine the differences of associated characteristics and prescription drug use between co-occurring unipolar and bipolar disorders in patients with eating disorders (EDs). Patients with EDs and major depressive episode (MDE) were recruited from psychiatric outpatient clinics. They were interviewed and completed self-administered measures assessing eating and general psychopathology. The prescribed drugs at the index outpatient visit were recorded. Clinical characteristics and prescription drugs of groups with major depressive disorder (ED-MDD), MDE with lifetime mania (ED-BP I), and MDE with lifetime hypomania (ED-BP II) were compared. Continuous variables between groups were compared using generalized linear regression with adjustments of age, gender, and ED subtype for pair-wise comparisons. Multivariate logistic regression with adjustments of age, gender, and ED subtype was employed to estimate adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals between groups. Two hundred and twenty-seven patients with EDs had a current MDE. Among them, 17.2% and 24.2% experienced associated manic and hypomanic episodes, respectively. Bipolar I and II patients displayed significantly poorer weight regulation, more severe impulsivity and emotional lability, and higher rates of co-occurring alcohol use disorders than ED-MDD patients. ED-BP I patients were found to have the lowest IQ, poorest working memory, and the most severe depression, suicidality and functional impairment among all patients. Patients with ED-BP II shared affect and behavioral dysregulations with ED-BP I, but had less severe degrees of cognitive and functional impairments than ED-BP I. Patients with ED-BP I were significantly less likely than those in the ED-MDD and ED-BP II groups to be on antidepressant monotherapy, but a great rate (27%) of ED-BP I individuals taking antidepressant monotherapy had potential risk of mood switch during the course of treatment. Our study identified discriminative features of bipolar I and II disorders from MDD among a group of depressed ED patients. We suggest that the associated mania, hypomania, and mood lability are predictors of clinical severity and should be identified from ED patients presented with depressive features. Accurate diagnosis of bipolar disorders may have implications for pharmacotherapy in patients with EDs.

  1. Effects of emergency department expansion on emergency department patient flow.

    PubMed

    Mumma, Bryn E; McCue, James Y; Li, Chin-Shang; Holmes, James F

    2014-05-01

    Emergency department (ED) crowding is an increasing problem associated with adverse patient outcomes. ED expansion is one method advocated to reduce ED crowding. The objective of this analysis was to determine the effect of ED expansion on measures of ED crowding. This was a retrospective study using administrative data from two 11-month periods before and after the expansion of an ED from 33 to 53 adult beds in an academic medical center. ED volume, staffing, and hospital admission and occupancy data were obtained either from the electronic health record (EHR) or from administrative records. The primary outcome was the rate of patients who left without being treated (LWBT), and the secondary outcome was total ED boarding time for admitted patients. A multivariable robust linear regression model was used to determine whether ED expansion was associated with the outcome measures. The mean (±SD) daily adult volume was 128 (±14) patients before expansion and 145 (±17) patients after. The percentage of patients who LWBT was unchanged: 9.0% before expansion versus 8.3% after expansion (difference = 0.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.16% to 1.4%). Total ED boarding time increased from 160 to 180 hours/day (difference = 20 hours, 95% CI = 8 to 32 hours). After daily ED volume, low-acuity area volume, daily wait time, daily boarding hours, and nurse staffing were adjusted for, the percentage of patients who LWBT was not independently associated with ED expansion (p = 0.053). After ED admissions, ED intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, elective surgical admissions, hospital occupancy rate, ICU occupancy rate, and number of operational ICU beds were adjusted for, the increase in ED boarding hours was independently associated with the ED expansion (p = 0.005). An increase in ED bed capacity was associated with no significant change in the percentage of patients who LWBT, but had an unintended consequence of an increase in ED boarding hours. ED expansion alone does not appear to be an adequate solution to ED crowding. © 2014 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.

  2. The role of charity care and primary care physician assignment on ED use in homeless patients.

    PubMed

    Wang, Hao; Nejtek, Vicki A; Zieger, Dawn; Robinson, Richard D; Schrader, Chet D; Phariss, Chase; Ku, Jocelyn; Zenarosa, Nestor R

    2015-08-01

    Homeless patients are a vulnerable population with a higher incidence of using the emergency department (ED) for noncrisis care. Multiple charity programs target their outreach toward improving the health of homeless patients, but few data are available on the effectiveness of reducing ED recidivism. The aim of this study is to determine whether inappropriate ED use for nonemergency care may be reduced by providing charity insurance and assigning homeless patients to a primary care physician (PCP) in an outpatient clinic setting. A retrospective medical records review of homeless patients presenting to the ED and receiving treatment between July 2013 and June 2014 was completed. Appropriate vs inappropriate use of the ED was determined using the New York University ED Algorithm. The association between patients with charity care coverage, PCP assignment status, and appropriate vs inappropriate ED use was analyzed and compared. Following New York University ED Algorithm standards, 76% of all ED visits were deemed inappropriate with approximately 77% of homeless patients receiving charity care and 74% of patients with no insurance seeking noncrisis health care in the ED (P=.112). About 50% of inappropriate ED visits and 43.84% of appropriate ED visits occurred in patients with a PCP assignment (P=.019). Both charity care homeless patients and those without insurance coverage tend to use the ED for noncrisis care resulting in high rates of inappropriate ED use. Simply providing charity care and/or PCP assignment does not seem to sufficiently reduce inappropriate ED use in homeless patients. Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  3. A profile of acute care in an aging America: snowball sample identification and characterization of United States geriatric emergency departments in 2013.

    PubMed

    Hogan, Teresita M; Olade, Tolulope Oyeyemi; Carpenter, Christopher R

    2014-03-01

    The aging of America poses a challenge to emergency departments (EDs). Studies show that elderly patients have poor outcomes despite increased testing, prolonged periods of observation, and higher admission rates. In response, emergency medicine (EM) leaders have implemented strategies for improved ED elder care, enhancing expertise, equipment, policies, and protocols. One example is the development of geriatric EDs gaining in popularity nationwide. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first research to systematically identify and qualitatively characterize the existence, locations, and features of geriatric EDs across the United States. The primary objective was to determine the number, distribution, and characteristics of geriatric EDs in the United States in 2013. This was a survey with potential respondents identified via a snowball sampling of known geriatric EDs, EM professional organizations' geriatric interest groups, and a structured search of the Internet using multiple search engines. Sites were contacted by telephone, and those confirming geriatric EDs presence received the survey via e-mail. Category questions included date of opening, location, volumes, staffing, physical plant changes, screening tools, policies, and protocols. Categories were reported based on general interest to those seeking to understand components of a geriatric ED. Thirty-six hospitals confirmed geriatric ED existence and received surveys. Thirty (83%) responded to the survey and confirmed presence or plans for geriatric EDs: 24 (80%) had existing geriatric EDs, and six (20%) were planning to open geriatric EDs by 2014. The majority of geriatric EDs are located in the Midwest (46%) and Northeast (30%) regions of the United States. Eighty percent serve from 5,000 to 20,000 elder patients annually. Seventy percent of geriatric EDs are attached to the main ED, and 66% have from one to 10 geriatric beds. Physical plant changes include modifications to beds (96%), lighting (90%), flooring (83%), visual aids (73%), and sound level (70%). Seventy-seven percent have staff overlapping with the nongeriatric portion of their ED, and 80% require geriatric staff didactics. Sixty-seven percent of geriatric EDs report discharge planning for geriatric ED patients, and 90% of geriatric EDs had direct follow-up through patient callbacks. The snowball sample identification of U.S. geriatric EDs resulted in 30 confirmed respondents. There is significant variation in the components constituting a geriatric ED. The United States should consider external validation of self-identified geriatric EDs to standardize the quality and type of care patients can expect from an institution with an identified geriatric ED. © 2014 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.

  4. Clinical Investigation Program Annual Progress Report

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-10-01

    Investigators: Linda K. Kullama, Ph.D., Dr. Kenneth T. Nakamura,MD; Dr. Venkataraman Balaraman, MD, Wayne M. Ichimura, Biomedical Engineer. Department/Section...Investigators: John R. Claybaugh, Ph.D.; Kenneth T. Nakamura, MD; Dr. Venkataraman Balaraman, M.D. Department/Section: Clinical Investigation/Physiology Key...Pigs and Rats Principal ’Investigator: Linda K. Kullama, Ph.D.; John R. Claybaugh, Ph.D. Associate Investigators: Dr. Venkataraman Balaraman, M.D.; Dr

  5. Interim Report of the Defense Science Board (DSB) Task Force on the Survivability of Systems and Assets to Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) and other Nuclear Weapon Effects (NWE)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-08-01

    Bob Hermann Dr. Maneck Master Dr. Gordon Soper Dr. Jim Tegnelia Dr. Joan Woodard Executive Secretaries (DFOs) John Franco, DTRA COL Jeffrey...Helen Mearns, Ms Kari O’Dell, Joint CBRO Appendix C: Presentations to the Task Force Name Topic July 15 - 16, 2010 Dr. Gordon Soper

  6. The unsafe haven: Eating disorders as attachment relationships.

    PubMed

    Forsén Mantilla, Emma; Clinton, David; Birgegård, Andreas

    2018-05-21

    Some patients with eating disorders (EDs) seem to experience their illness as an entity, a symbolic other to whom they relate, and which may influence both symptom levels and self-image. Extending previous research, this study investigated whether the patient-ED relationship has attachment qualities. Structural Analysis of Social Behaviour was used to operationalize the patient-ED relationship, and the Attachment Style Questionnaire was used to measure attachment. We examined ED patients' (N = 148) relationship with their ED, attachment behaviour, symptoms, and self-image. Attachment dimensions of Confidence, Anxious/ambivalence, and Avoidance were found to be significantly correlated with aspects of the patient-ED relationship. Introjection (i.e., whether ED actions were incorporated into patients' self-image) was investigated by examining the match between self-image profiles and the actions of patients' EDs. A double mediation model was tested in which ED control/emancipation and patients' Self-blame mediated the effect of attachment security on ED symptoms. Attachment insecurity was associated with greater ED control and patient submission. In 28.5% of patients, there was a high degree of correlation between self-image and ED action profile. Data supported the mediation model. Attachment processes appear to be associated with the manner in which ED patients relate to their disorder, at least in some cases. Attempts to maintain psychological proximity to the ED as an introjected attachment figure may help to explain treatment resistance and ambivalence about change. This perspective may be useful in treatment. Attachment behaviours are associated with the patient-ED relationship, in which attachment insecurity is correlated with greater eating disorder control and patient submission. Some patients seem to incorporate the actions of the ED in their self-image, suggesting the presence of introjection. The patient-ED relationship may help explain patients' anxiety and ambivalence about change, seen from an attachment perspective. In treatment, it may be important to explore alternative safe havens and secure bases to the ED, such as interpersonal relationships and activities. © 2018 The British Psychological Society.

  7. [Dr Stockmann and Dr Snow--two heroes of public health].

    PubMed

    Nylenna, Magne

    2003-12-23

    Dr Thomas Stockmann, the main character of An enemy of the people by Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906), has been described as a hero of public health. In spite of his idealism and high principles, he was, however, not able to do anything about the contaminated water supply of the baths in the town where he lived. Important differences may be noticed if we compare the fictional Dr Stockmann with Dr John Snow (1813-58), a real hero of public health famous for his handling of a cholera epidemic in London in 1854. While Dr Snow carried out extensive investigations of the relation between water supply and illness and still was humble when presenting his findings, the fictional Dr Stockmann took only one sample of water for examination and was bombastic in his conclusion. And while Dr Snow had a simple suggestion for solving the problem, Dr Stockmann seemed more eager to dramatize the situation. Scientific documentation and a practical attitude to problem solving continue to be important in order to achieve results in the field of public health.

  8. Cognitive Rehabilitation for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-06-08

    Members: Dr. Sonja Batten, Lt Col Sarah Beal, Dr. Joseph Bleiberg, CPT Paul Boccio, Ms. Theresa Boyd, Dr. Keith Cicerone, Dr. Paul Comper , Dr...dizziness, etc.) that can interfere with optimal recovery ( Comper et al., 2005; DVBIC/BIAA educational references). However, clinicians currently face...al., 2005 Comper et al., 2005 Gordon et al., 2006 Griesbach et al., 2009 Hoge et. al., 2008 Kim et. al., 2009 NIH Consensus Panel, 1999

  9. Influence of Social Media on Crowd Behavior and the Operational Environment

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-05-23

    destructiveness, irrationality, emotionality, mental disturbances, lower-class participation, spontaneity, creativeness, and lack of self -control. 13Dr...John M. Kenny, Dr. Clark McPhail, Dr. Peter Waddington, Lt. Sid Heal , Maj. Steve James, Dr. Donald N. Farrer, Dr. Jim Taylor, Capt. Dick Odenthal, Crowd...secondary effect causing overwhelming confusion. As the crowd begins to self -organize, leadership will resonate from within, however, an external source

  10. Georgetown University and Hampton University Prostate Cancer Undergraduate Fellowship Program

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-10-01

    Tyanna Jones-Gray (Dr. Vicente Notario), Ms. Damara Miller (Dr. Eliot Rosen), Ms. Jasmine Hatcher-Moorman (Dr. MaryBeth Martin), and Mr. Isaiah Brown...undergraduate students: 1. The Hampton University undergraduates (Ms. Tyanna Jones-Gray, Ms. Damara Miller, Ms. Jasmine Hatcher-Moorman, and Mr...cancer progression. Dr. Martin’s lab has identified the environmental hormones referred to as metallo- hormones. In Dr. Martin’s laboratory, Jasmine

  11. Mesoscale Modeling of the Atmosphere

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1993-03-31

    using a nudging procedure. Operational evaluation is planned in 3-6 months. The main points arising from the discussion concerned the use of nudging ...adaption when it became available. However, there was one crucial condition to be met before this change of strategy could be finally adopted. The NORAPS...weather prediction with scientists such as Dr. Madala, Dr. Chang , and Dr. Sashegyi at NRL Washington, and Dr. Hovermale and Dr. Hodur at NRL Monterey

  12. Neurovascular cross talk in diabetic retinopathy: Pathophysiological roles and therapeutic implications

    PubMed Central

    Moran, Elizabeth P.; Wang, Zhongxiao; Chen, Jing; Sapieha, Przemyslaw; Smith, Lois E. H.

    2016-01-01

    Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population in developed countries, and its prevalence will increase as the global incidence of diabetes grows exponentially. DR begins with an early nonproliferative stage in which retinal blood vessels and neurons degenerate as a consequence of chronic hyperglycemia, resulting in vasoregression and persistent retinal ischemia, metabolic disequilibrium, and inflammation. This is conducive to overcompensatory pathological neovascularization associated with advanced proliferative DR. Although DR is considered a microvascular complication, the retinal microvasculature is intimately associated with and governed by neurons and glia; neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and dysregulation of neurovascular cross talk are responsible in part for vascular abnormalities in both early nonproliferative DR and advanced proliferative DR. Neuronal activity directly regulates microvascular dilation and blood flow in the process of neurovascular coupling. Retinal neurons also secrete guidance cues in response to injury, ischemia, or metabolic stress that may either promote or suppress vascular outgrowth, either alleviating or exacerbating DR, contingent on the stage of disease and retinal microenvironment. Neurodegeneration, impaired neurovascular coupling, and dysregulation of neuronal guidance cues are key events in the pathogenesis of DR, and correcting these events may prevent or delay development of advanced DR. The review discusses the mechanisms of neurovascular cross talk and its dysregulation in DR, and their potential therapeutic implications. PMID:27473938

  13. The safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine-remifentanil in children undergoing flexible bronchoscopy

    PubMed Central

    Li, Xia; Wang, Xue; Jin, Shuguang; Zhang, Dongsheng; Li, Yanuo

    2017-01-01

    Abstract Flexible bronchoscopy is more and more used for diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases in pediatrics. As poor coordination of children, the procedure is usually performed under general anesthesia with spontaneous or controlled ventilation to increase children and bronchoscopists’ safety and comfort. Previous studies have reported that dexmedetomidine (DEX) could be safely and effectively used for flexible bronchoscopy in both adulate and children. However, there is no trial to evaluate the dose-finding of safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine-remifentanil (DEX-RF) in children undergoing flexible bronchoscopy. The objective of this study is to evaluate the dose-finding of safety and efficacy of DEX-RF in children undergoing flexible bronchoscopy. One hundred thirty-five children undergoing flexible bronchoscopy with DEX-RF were divided into 3 groups: Group DR1 (n = 47, DEX infusion at 0.5 μg·kg–1 for 10 minutes, then adjusted to 0.5–0.7 μg kg–1 h–1; RF infusion at 0.5 μg kg–1 for 2 minutes, then adjusted to 0.05–0.2 μg kg–1 min–1), Group DR2 (n = 43, DEX infusion at 1 μg kg–1 for 10 minutes, then adjusted to 0.5–0.7 μg kg–1 h–1; RF infusion at 1 μg kg–1 for 2 minutes, then adjusted to 0.05–0.2 μg kg–1 min–1), Group DR3 (n = 45, DEX infusion at 1.5 μg kg–1 for 10 minutes, then adjusted to 0.5–0.7 μg kg–1 h–1; RF infusion at 1 μg kg–1 for 2 minutes, then adjusted to 0.05–0.2 μg kg–1 min–1). Ramsay sedation scale of the 3 groups was maintained 3. Anesthesia onset time, total number of intraoperative children movements, hemodynamics (heart rate, arterial pressure, pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2), respiratory rate), total cumulative dose of dexmedetomidine and remifentanil, the amount of midazolam and lidocaine, time to first dose of rescue midazolam and lidocaine, postoperative recovery time, adverse events, bronchoscopist satisfaction score were recorded. Anesthesia onset time was significantly shorter in DR3 group (14.23 ± 5.45 vs 14.45 ± 5.12 vs 11.13 ± 4.51 minutes, respectively, of DR1, DR2, DR3, P = 0.003). Additionally, the perioperative hemodynamic profile was more stable in group DR3 than that in the other 2 groups. Total number of children movements during flexible bronchoscopy was higher in DR1 group than the other 2 groups (46.81% 22/47 vs 34.88% 15/43 vs 17.78% 8/45, respectively, of DR1, DR2, DR3, P = 0.012). Total doses of rescue midazolam and lidocaine were significantly higher in DR1 and DR2 groups than that of DR3 group (P = 0.000). The time to first dose of rescue midazolam and lidocaine was significantly longer in DR3 group than DR1 and DR2 groups (P = 0.000). Total cumulative dose of dexmedetomidine was more in DR2 and DR3 groups (P = 0.000), while the amount of remifentanil was more in DR1 and DR2 groups (P = 0.000). The time to recovery for discharge from the PACU was significantly shorter in DR1 group compared with the other 2 groups (P = 0.000). Results from bronchoscopist satisfaction score showed significantly higher in DR2 and DR3 groups than that of DR1 group (P = 0.025). There were significant differences among the 3 groups in terms of the overall incidence of hypertension, tachycardia, hypoxemia, and cough (P < 0.05). Though it required longer recovery time, high dose of DEX-RF, which provided better stable hemodynamic profiles and bronchoscopist satisfaction score, less amount of rescue scheme, and children movements, could be safely and efficacy used in children undergoing flexible bronchoscopy. PMID:28296782

  14. How do ED patients with criminal justice contact compare with other ED users? A retrospective analysis of ED visits in California.

    PubMed

    McConville, Shannon; Mooney, Alyssa C; Williams, Brie A; Hsia, Renee Y

    2018-06-21

    To assess the patterns of emergency department (ED) utilisation among those with and without criminal justice contact in California in 2014, comparing variation in ED use, visit frequency, diagnoses and insurance coverage. Retrospective, cross-sectional study. Analyses included ED visits to all licensed hospitals in California using statewide data on all ED encounters in 2014. Study participants included 3 757 870 non-elderly adult ED patients who made at least one ED visit in 2014. We assessed the patterns and characteristics of ED visits among those with criminal justice contact-patients who were either admitted to or discharged from the ED by a correctional institution-with patients who did not have criminal justice contact recorded during an ED visit. ED patients with criminal justice contact had higher proportions of frequent ED users (27.2% vs 9.4%), were at higher risk of an ED visit resulting in hospitalisation (26.6% vs 15.2%) and had higher prevalence of mental health conditions (52.8% vs 30.4%) compared with patients with no criminal justice contact recorded during an ED visit. Of the top 10, four primary diagnoses among patients with criminal justice contact were related to behavioural health conditions, accounting for 19.0% of all primary diagnoses in this population. In contrast, behavioural health conditions were absent from the top 10 primary diagnoses in ED patients with no observed criminal justice contact. Despite a high burden of disease, a lack of health insurance coverage was more common among those with criminal justice contact than those without (41.3% vs 14.1%). Given that a large proportion of ED patients with criminal justice contact are frequent users with considerable mental health conditions, current efforts in California's Medicaid programme to identify individuals in need of coordinated services could reduce costly ED utilisation among this group. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

  15. Frequent Users of Hospital Emergency Departments in Korea Characterized by Claims Data from the National Health Insurance: A Cross Sectional Study

    PubMed Central

    Woo, Jung Hoon; Grinspan, Zachary; Shapiro, Jason; Rhee, Sang Youl

    2016-01-01

    The Korean National Health Insurance, which provides universal coverage for the entire Korean population, is now facing financial instability. Frequent emergency department (ED) users may represent a medically vulnerable population who could benefit from interventions that both improve care and lower costs. To understand the nature of frequent ED users in Korea, we analyzed claims data from a population-based national representative sample. We performed both bivariate and multivariable analyses to investigate the association between patient characteristics and frequent ED use (4+ ED visits in a year) using claims data of a 1% random sample of the Korean population, collected in 2009. Among 156,246 total ED users, 4,835 (3.1%) were frequent ED users. These patients accounted for 14% of 209,326 total ED visits and 17.2% of $76,253,784 total medical expenses generated from all ED visits in the 1% data sample. Frequent ED users tended to be older, male, and of lower socio-economic status compared with occasional ED users (p < 0.001 for each). Moreover, frequent ED users had longer stays in the hospital when admitted, higher probability of undergoing an operative procedure, and increased mortality. Among 8,425 primary diagnoses, alcohol-related complaints and schizophrenia showed the strongest positive correlation with the number of ED visits. Among the frequent ED users, mortality and annual outpatient department visits were significantly lower in the alcohol-related patient subgroup compared with other frequent ED users; furthermore, the rate was even lower than that for non-frequent ED users. Our findings suggest that expanding mental health and alcohol treatment programs may be a reasonable strategy to decrease the dependence of these patients on the ED. PMID:26809051

  16. Combined use of alcohol and energy drinks: Dose relationship with self-reported physiological stimulation and sedation side effects.

    PubMed

    Droste, Nicolas; Peacock, Amy; Bruno, Raimondo; Pennay, Amy; Zinkiewicz, Lucy; Lubman, Dan I; Miller, Peter

    2017-08-01

    Negative physiological stimulation and sedation side effects are experienced by a significant proportion of consumers who consume alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED). Few studies have compared the frequency of side effects between sessions of AmED and sessions of alcohol only within-subject, and none have explored a dose relationship. Explore the occurrence of self-reported physiological stimulant and sedative side effects between sessions of AmED and alcohol only, and at varying ED dosage levels within AmED sessions. A convenience sample of 2953 residents of New South Wales, Australia completed an online survey. N=731 AmED users reported daily caffeine intake, typical alcohol and AmED consumption, and past 12-month experience of physiological stimulation and sedation side effects during AmED and alcohol only sessions. Within-subject analyses compared occurrence of side effects between session types. Hierarchical binary logistic regression analyses explored the association of ED dose during AmED sessions with the experience of physiological side effects. There were greater odds of most stimulant side effects, and lower odds of sedation side effects, during AmED sessions compared to alcohol only sessions. Compared to one ED, consumption of three or more EDs was significantly associated with the majority of both stimulant and alcohol intoxication side effects after controlling for demographics and consumption covariates. AmED is associated with perceived changes in physiological stimulant and sedation side effects of alcohol. Experience of side effects is positively associated with ED dosage. Future research should account for varying ED dosage, and reflect real world consumption levels. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  17. Can Eosinophil Count, Platelet Count, and Mean Platelet Volume Be a Positive Predictive Factor in Penile Arteriogenic Erectile Dysfunction Etiopathogenesis?

    PubMed Central

    Sönmez, Mehmet Giray; Göğer, Yunus Emre; Sönmez, Leyla Öztürk; Aydın, Arif; Balasar, Mehmet; Kara, Cengiz

    2016-01-01

    Blood count parameters of patients referring with erectile dysfunction (ED) were examined in this study and it was investigated whether eosinophil count (EC), platelet count (PC), and mean platelet volume values among the suspected predictive parameters which may play a role in especially penile arteriogenic ED etiopathogenesis had a contribution on pathogenesis. Patients referring with ED complaint were evaluated. Depending on the medical story, ED degree was determined by measuring International Index of Erectile Function. Penile Doppler ultrasonography was taken in patients suspected to have vasculogenic ED. According to penile Doppler ultrasonography result, patients with arterial deficiency were included in the penile arteriogenic ED group and the patients with normal results were included in the nonvasculogenic ED group. A total of 36 patients participated in the study from the penile arteriogenic ED group and 32 patients from the nonvasculogenic ED group. Compared with the nonvasculogenic ED group, the penile arteriogenic ED group’s low International Index of Erectile Function score, high EC, mean platelet volume and PC values were detected to be statistically significant (p < .001, p = .021, p = .018, p = .034, respectively). No statistically significant difference was observed among the two groups when age, white blood cells, red blood cells, and hemoglobin values were considered. Pansystolic volume velocities were detected as statistically significantly low compared with the nonvasculogenic ED group in the measurements made in 5th, 10th, 15th, and 20th minutes on the right and left sides in the penile arteriogenic ED group. High MPV value and PC is a significant predictive factor for penile arteriogenic ED and vasculogenic ED and high EC is specifically predictive of arteriogenic ED. PMID:27895254

  18. Energy Drink and Alcohol mixed Energy Drink use among high school adolescents: Association with risk taking behavior, social characteristics.

    PubMed

    Scalese, Marco; Denoth, Francesca; Siciliano, Valeria; Bastiani, Luca; Cotichini, Rodolfo; Cutilli, Arianna; Molinaro, Sabrina

    2017-09-01

    The aims of the study were to: a) examine the prevalence of energy drink (ED) and alcohol mixed with energy drink (AmED) consumption; b) investigate the relationships between ED and AmED with alcohol, binge drinking and drugs accounting for at risk behaviors among a representative sample of Italian adolescents. A representative sample of 30,588 Italian high school students, aged 15-19years, was studied. Binary and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the independent association of the potential predictors' characteristics with the ED and AmED drinking during the last year. Respectively 41.4% and 23.2% of respondents reported drinking EDs and AmEDs in the last year. Multivariate analysis revealed that consumption of EDs and AmEDs during the last year were significantly associated with daily smoking, binge drinking, use of cannabis and other psychotropic drugs. Among life habits and risky behaviors the following were positively associated: going out with friends for fun, participating in sports, experiencing physical fights/accidents or injury, engaging in sexual intercourse without protection and being involved in accidents while driving. This study demonstrates the popularity of ED and AmED consumption among the Italian school population aged 15-19years old: 4 out of 10 students consumed EDs in the last year and 2 out of 10 AmED. Multivariate analysis highlighted the association with illicit drug consumption and harming behaviors, confirming that consumption of EDs and AmEDs is a compelling issue especially during adolescence, as it can effect health as well as risk taking behaviors. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  19. Pathological motivations for exercise and eating disorder specific health-related quality of life.

    PubMed

    Cook, Brian; Engel, Scott; Crosby, Ross; Hausenblas, Heather; Wonderlich, Stephen; Mitchell, James

    2014-04-01

    To examine associations among pathological motivations for exercise with eating disorder (ED) specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Survey data assessing ED severity (i.e., Eating Disorder Diagnostic Survey), ED specific HRQOL (i.e., Eating Disorders Quality of Life Instrument), and pathological motivations for exercise (i.e., Exercise Dependence Scale) were collected from female students (N = 387) at seven universities throughout the United States. Regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations among exercise dependence, ED-specific HRQOL and ED severity, and the interaction of exercise dependence and ED severity on HRQOL scores. The overall model examining the impact of ED severity and exercise dependence (independent variables) on HRQOL (dependent variable) was significant and explained 16.1% of the variance in HRQOL scores. Additionally, the main effects for ED severity and exercise dependence and the interaction among ED severity and exercise dependence were significant, suggesting that the combined effects of ED severity and exercise dependence significantly impacts HRQOL. Our results suggest that pathological motivations for exercise may exacerbate ED's detrimental impact on HRQOL. Our results offer one possible insight into why exercise may be associated with deleterious effects on ED HRQOL. Future research is needed to elucidate the relationship among psychological aspects of exercise, ED, and HRQOL. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  20. Excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson disease: a SPECT study.

    PubMed

    Matsui, Hideaki; Nishinaka, Kazuto; Oda, Masaya; Hara, Narihiro; Komatsu, Kenichi; Kubori, Tamotsu; Udaka, Fukashi

    2006-07-01

    The underlying pathologic mechanism of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in Parkinson disease and the relative contributions of brain function to this process are poorly understood. We compared brain perfusion images between patients with Parkinson disease and EDS and those without EDS using n-isopropyl-p-1231 iodoamphetamine single photon emission computed tomography. Clinical study. Sumitomo Hospital. Thirteen patients with Parkinson disease with EDS (EDS group) and 27 patients with Parkinson disease without EDS (no-EDS group) were studied. Whether or not each case had EDS was determined according to the response to the Epworth Sleepiness Scale: patients with an Epworth Sleepiness Scale score > or = 10 were included in the EDS group, and patients with an Epworth Sleepiness Scale score < or = 9 were included in the no-EDS group. There were significant hypoperfusions in the left parietal and temporal association cortex in the EDS group. In the multivariable logistic regression model, attention and decreased regional cerebral blood flow of the left parietal association cortex and right caudate and increased regional cerebral blood flow of the right thalamus were the independent and significant factors. The cortical hypofunction relative to hyperfunction of the brain stem may relate to EDS in Parkinson disease. This is the first imaging study about EDS in Parkinson disease, and further studies are required.

  1. Reflection and Transmission of Plane Electromagnetic Waves by a Geologic Layer.

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Aldridge, David F.

    Electric field and magnetic field reflection and transmission responses generated by a plane wave normally incident onto a finite - thickness geologic layer are mathematically derived and numerically evaluated. A thin layer with enhanced electric current conductivity and/or magnetic permeability is a reasonable geophysical representation of a hydraulic fracture inject ed with a high - contrast proppant pack. Both theory and numerics indicate that backward - and forward - scattered electromagnetic wavefields are potentially observable in a field experiment, despite the extreme thinness of a fracture compared to a typical low - frequency electromagnetic wavelength. The First Born Approximation (FBA)more » representation of layer scattering, significant for inversion studies, is shown to be accurate for a thin layer with mild medium parameter (i.e., conductivity, permeability, and per mittivity) contrasts with the surrounding homogeneous wholespace. However, FBA scattering theory breaks down for thick layers and strong parameter contrasts. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Sandia National Laboratories is a multi - mission laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE - AC04 - 94AL85000. This research is conducted under the auspices of CRADA (Cooperative Research and Development Agreement) SC11/01780.00 between Carbo Ceramics Inc. and Sandia National Laboratories. The author acknowledges former Carbo R&D Vic e - President Mr. Chad Cannan and former SNL Geophysics Department manage r Ms. Amy Halloran for their interest i n and support of this work. Technical discussions with Project Manager and Principal Investigator Dr. Chester J. Weiss of the SNL Geophysics Department greatly benefited this work. Dr. Lewis C. Bartel, formerly with S NL and presently a consultant to Carbo Ceramics, provided many useful and intuitive insights, and is acknowledged as the originator of the concept underpinning a recent patent grant (Aldridge and Bartel, 2016) involving electromagnetic wave scattering.« less

  2. Genome-wide association study identifies HLA-DR variants conferring risk of HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure.

    PubMed

    Tan, Wenting; Xia, Jie; Dan, Yunjie; Li, Mengying; Lin, Shide; Pan, Xingnan; Wang, Huifen; Tang, Yingzi; Liu, Nana; Tan, Shun; Liu, Ming; He, Weiwei; Zhang, Weihua; Mao, Qing; Wang, Yuming; Deng, Guohong

    2018-04-01

    Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is an extreme condition after severe acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B; however, the underlying genetic factors involved in its onset and progression are currently unclear. We carried out a genome-wide association study among 399 HBV-related ACLFs (cases) and 401 asymptomatic HBV carriers (AsCs, as controls) without antiviral treatment. The initial findings were replicated in four independent case-control sets (a total of 901 ACLFs and 1686 AsCs). The roles of risk variants on clinical traits of ACLF were also analysed. Among 1300 ACLFs and 2087 AsCs, we identified rs3129859 at human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class II region (chromosome 6p21.32) associated with HBV-related ACLF (combined P dominant =2.64×10 -20 , OR=1.83). Analysis identified HLA-DRB1*12:02 as the top susceptible HLA allele associated with ACLF (p=3.94×10 -6 , OR=2.05). The association of rs3129859 was robust in ACLF subgroups (ACLFs with liver cirrhosis, p=1.36×10 -16 ; ACLFs without liver cirrhosis, p=1.52×10 -7 ), and patients at low-replicative phase (p=6.36×10 -11 , OR=2.29) or HBV e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B phase (p=1.51×10 -14 , OR=1.86). Clinical traits analysis in patients with ACLF showed that the risky rs3129859*C allele was also associated with prolonged prothrombin time, faster progression to ascites development and higher 28-day mortality. Our genome-wide association study identified HLA-DR as the major locus for susceptibility to HBV-related ACLF. Our findings highlight the importance of HLA class II restricted CD4+ T-cell pathway on the immunopathogenesis of HBV-related ACLF. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

  3. DR5 mAb-conjugated, DTIC-loaded immuno-nanoparticles effectively and specifically kill malignant melanoma cells in vivo.

    PubMed

    Ding, Baoyue; Zhang, Wei; Wu, Xin; Wang, Jeffrey; Xie, Chen; Huang, Xuan; Zhan, Shuyu; Zheng, Yongxia; Huang, Yueyan; Xu, Ningyin; Ding, Xueying; Gao, Shen

    2016-08-30

    We combined chemo- and immunotherapies by constructing dual therapeutic function immuno-nanoparticles (NPs) consisting of death receptor 5 monoclonal antibody (DR5 mAb)-conjugated nanoparticles loaded with dacarbazine (DTIC) (DTIC-NPs-DR5 mAb). We determined the in vivo targeting specificity of DTIC-NPs-DR5 mAb by evaluating distribution in tumor-bearing nude mice using a real-time imaging system. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed in terms of its effect on tumor volume, survival time, histomorphology, microvessel density (MVD), and apoptotic index (AI). Systemic toxicity was evaluated by measuring white blood cells (WBC) counts, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and creatinine clearance (CR).In vivo and ex vivo imaging indicates that DR5 mAb modification enhanced the accumulation of NPs within the xenograft tumor. DTIC-NPs-DR5 mAb inhibited tumor growth more effectively than DTIC or DR5 mAb alone, indicating that combining DTIC and DR5 mAb through pharmaceutical engineering achieves a better therapeutic effect. Moreover, the toxicity of DTIC-NPs-DR5 mAb was much lower than that of DTIC, implying that DR5 mAb targeting reduces nonspecific uptake of DTIC into normal tissue and thus decreases toxic side effects. These results demonstrate that DTIC-NPs-DR5 mAb is a safe and effective nanoparticle formulation with the potential to improve the efficacy and specificity of melanoma treatment.

  4. DR5 mAb-conjugated, DTIC-loaded immuno-nanoparticles effectively and specifically kill malignant melanoma cells in vivo

    PubMed Central

    Wang, Jeffrey; Xie, Chen; Huang, Xuan; Zhan, Shuyu; Zheng, Yongxia; Huang, Yueyan; Xu, Ningyin; Ding, Xueying; Gao, Shen

    2016-01-01

    We combined chemo- and immunotherapies by constructing dual therapeutic function immuno-nanoparticles (NPs) consisting of death receptor 5 monoclonal antibody (DR5 mAb)-conjugated nanoparticles loaded with dacarbazine (DTIC) (DTIC-NPs-DR5 mAb). We determined the in vivo targeting specificity of DTIC-NPs-DR5 mAb by evaluating distribution in tumor-bearing nude mice using a real-time imaging system. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed in terms of its effect on tumor volume, survival time, histomorphology, microvessel density (MVD), and apoptotic index (AI). Systemic toxicity was evaluated by measuring white blood cells (WBC) counts, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and creatinine clearance (CR).In vivo and ex vivo imaging indicates that DR5 mAb modification enhanced the accumulation of NPs within the xenograft tumor. DTIC-NPs-DR5 mAb inhibited tumor growth more effectively than DTIC or DR5 mAb alone, indicating that combining DTIC and DR5 mAb through pharmaceutical engineering achieves a better therapeutic effect. Moreover, the toxicity of DTIC-NPs-DR5 mAb was much lower than that of DTIC, implying that DR5 mAb targeting reduces nonspecific uptake of DTIC into normal tissue and thus decreases toxic side effects. These results demonstrate that DTIC-NPs-DR5 mAb is a safe and effective nanoparticle formulation with the potential to improve the efficacy and specificity of melanoma treatment. PMID:27494835

  5. Dietary restriction involves NAD⁺ -dependent mechanisms and a shift toward oxidative metabolism.

    PubMed

    Moroz, Natalie; Carmona, Juan J; Anderson, Edward; Hart, Anne C; Sinclair, David A; Blackwell, T Keith

    2014-12-01

    Interventions that slow aging and prevent chronic disease may come from an understanding of how dietary restriction (DR) increases lifespan. Mechanisms proposed to mediate DR longevity include reduced mTOR signaling, activation of the NAD⁺ -dependent deacylases known as sirtuins, and increases in NAD⁺ that derive from higher levels of respiration. Here, we explored these hypotheses in Caenorhabditis elegans using a new liquid feeding protocol. DR lifespan extension depended upon a group of regulators that are involved in stress responses and mTOR signaling, and have been implicated in DR by some other regimens [DAF-16 (FOXO), SKN-1 (Nrf1/2/3), PHA-4 (FOXA), AAK-2 (AMPK)]. Complete DR lifespan extension required the sirtuin SIR-2.1 (SIRT1), the involvement of which in DR has been debated. The nicotinamidase PNC-1, a key NAD⁺ salvage pathway component, was largely required for DR to increase lifespan but not two healthspan indicators: movement and stress resistance. Independently of pnc-1, DR increased the proportion of respiration that is coupled to ATP production but, surprisingly, reduced overall oxygen consumption. We conclude that stress response and NAD⁺ -dependent mechanisms are each critical for DR lifespan extension, although some healthspan benefits do not require NAD⁺ salvage. Under DR conditions, NAD⁺ -dependent processes may be supported by a DR-induced shift toward oxidative metabolism rather than an increase in total respiration. © 2014 The Authors. Aging Cell published by the Anatomical Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  6. Eating disorders and obstetric-gynecologic care.

    PubMed

    Leddy, Meaghan A; Jones, Candace; Morgan, Maria A; Schulkin, Jay

    2009-09-01

    Disordered eating can have consequences for gynecologic and obstetric patients and fetuses. Amenorrhea, infertility, hyperemesis gravidarum, and preterm birth have been linked to eating disorders (EDs). This study aimed to evaluate obstetrician-gynecologists' ED-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Questionnaires were sent to 968 Fellows of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists between November 2007 and March 2008. Data were analyzed separately for generalists (provide obstetric and gynecologic care) and gynecologists only (treat only gynecologic patients). A majority of obstetrician-gynecologists assess body weight, exercise, body mass index, and dieting habits. Less than half assess ED history, body image concerns, weight-related cosmetic surgery, binging, and purging. Over half (54%) of generalists believed ED assessment falls within their purview. Most (90.8%) generalists agreed or strongly agreed that EDs can negatively impact pregnancy outcome. A majority rated residency training in diagnosing (88.5%) and treating (96.2%) EDs as barely adequate or less. Most knew low birth weight (91%) and postpartum depression (90%) are associated with maternal EDs, though over a third was unsure about several consequences. Some gender differences emerged; females screen for more ED indicators and are more likely to view ED assessment as within their role. Despite the consequences of EDs and the fact that most physicians agree EDs can negatively impact pregnancy, only about half view ED assessment as their responsibility. Only some weight- and diet-related topics are assessed, and there are gaps in knowledge of ED consequences. Obstetrician-gynecologists are not confident in their training regarding EDs. Improvement in knowledge and altering obstetrician-gynecologists' view of their responsibilities may improve ED screening rates.

  7. PREFACE: The 3rd ISESCO International Workshop and Conference On Nanotechnology 2012 (IWCN2012)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Umar, Akrajas Ali; Yahaya, Muhammad; Mat Salleh, Muhamad

    2013-04-01

    The ISESCO Conference on Nanomaterials and Applications (IWCN2012) is one of a series of nanotechnology seminars organized by ISESCO, Malaysian Solid State Science and Technology Society (MASS), the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. IWCN2012 is the third seminar, following IWCN2007 and IWCN2010, held in the Universiti Kebangsaaan Malaysia, Bangi Malaysia from 5-7 December 2012. The conference was attended by more than 250 participants from 15 countries, including 150 students. The conference and workshop provided a forum for researchers and students, policymakers and other professionals especially from the ISESCO Member States to exchange information, enhance understanding and more importantly to engage in the development of new nanoscience and nanotechnology research in multidisciplinary areas in physics, chemistry and biology. Together with the conference, the third Meeting of the ISESCO Expert Panel on Nanotechnology was held to chart the future activities in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology in ISESCO member countries. The objective of the conference is to communicate and discuss recent progress in nanoscience and nanotechnology research and its potential applications in future economic growth. The main focus for the present activity is on energy and environment. The conference received 105 papers in total and 50 of them were selected to be considered for publication in Journal of Physics: Conference Series. However, finally, after undergoing vigorous and thorough revisions by respected editors and reviewers in the fields, 29 papers were accepted. This volume covers the follwing topics: Nanomaterials Synthesis and Characterization Nanomaterials for Energy and Catalysis Nanoelectronics, Sensors and MEMS Devices Nanophotonics We are indebted to all the keynote speakers, invited speakers, participant and authors for their contribution to this event. Their contribution has led to the success of this conference. We are also very grateful for the time, effort and unwavering support dedicated by all the referees. Their tireless work has helped guarantee the high scientific level of this series. Many thanks are also addressed to the ISESCO, COMSATS, MASS, UKM and FST for their financial support. Logistics support provided by IMEN and MNA is also much appreciated. We realized that this volume would never have materialized without the hard work of Ms Siti Khatijah Md Saad who helped the editorial secretariat in many ways communicating with the authors and reviewers and checking and typesetting the papers in the final stage. Finally, great appreciation is addressed to all who have worked hard and given support ensuring that the conference was a success. Editors Associate Professor Dr Akrajas Ali Umar Professor Dr Muhamad Mat Salleh Professor Dato' Dr Muhammad Yahaya IWCN 2012 Organizing Committee International Advisory Board Professor Dato' Dr Muhammad Yahaya (UKM, Malaysia) Dr Faiq Bilal (ISESCO, Morocco) Professor Dr Michael Graetzel (Switzerland) Professor Dr Muhamad Rasat (Malaysia) Prof Dr Masbah R T Siregar (Indonesia) Associate Professor Dr Munetaka Oyama (Japan) Professor Dr Ismat Shah (USA) Professor Dr Muhamad Mat Salleh (Malaysia) Chairman Associate Professor Dr Mohammad Kassim Co-Chairman Dr Mohammad Hafizuddin Haji Jumali Secretary Dr Lorna Jeffry Minggu Treasurer Dr Sharina Abu Hanifah Committee Members Associate Professor Dr Mohd Azmi Abd Hamid Associate Professor Dr Akrajas Ali Umar Dr Zahari Ibarahim Dr Rozidawati Awang Dr Farah Hannan Anuar Secretariat Dr Khuzaimah Mohd Firdauz Ismail Izura Izzuddin Nor Huwaida Janil Jamil Siti Khatijah Md Saad Noor Razinah Rahmat Mark Lee Wun Fui Ng Kim Hang Lee Thian Khoon Law Kung Pui Choong Yan Yi

  8. Analysis of the Consumption of Caffeinated Energy Drinks among Polish Adolescents

    PubMed Central

    Nowak, Dariusz; Jasionowski, Artur

    2015-01-01

    Background: Energy drinks (EDs) are extremely popular among adults and adolescents. Regular intake of EDs may lead to an overdose of caffeine, loss of bone mass, overweight, hypertension and, in older age, osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases. Some people mix EDs with alcohol, which adversely affects their health. The objective of this study was to analyze the consumption of EDs by adolescents. Methods: The study consisted of a questionnaire surveying amounts of drinks, preferences and product awareness among younger consumers. The study was carried out in junior and senior high schools in Poland (n = 2629). Results: EDs were consumed by 67% of students (quite frequently by 16%). Students who practiced sports were more willing to drink EDs. Also, boys drank them more often than girls. When selecting a particular ED, young people looked at the taste, price and effect. Most respondents consumed one ED (250 mL) daily, although there were individuals consuming two or more drinks daily. Most respondents knew the ingredients of EDs, and 24% admitted to mixing EDs with alcohol. Conclusions: EDs are extremely popular among adolescents. Young people drinking EDs every day are potentially at risk of taking an overdose of caffeine. PMID:26184263

  9. Erectile dysfunction might be associated with chronic periodontal disease: two ends of the cardiovascular spectrum.

    PubMed

    Zadik, Yehuda; Bechor, Ron; Galor, Shay; Justo, Dan; Heruti, Rafi J

    2009-04-01

    Both chronic periodontal disease (CPD) and erectile dysfunction (ED) are associated with cardiovascular disease and its risk factors, including smoking and diabetes mellitus. However, the association between ED and CPD has never been studied. To study the association between ED and CPD. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES. Prevalence of ED, prevalence of CPD, ED severity. The study population consisted of 305 men who filled the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) questionnaire in order to detect ED and assess its severity, and underwent a pair of standardized posterior dental bitewing radiographs in order to detect CPD. SHIM questionnaire scores 21 or less represented ED. Alveolar bone loss of >or=6 mm represented CPD. The mean age of included men was 39.5 +/- 6.7 years. Overall, 70 (22.9%) men had ED and 13 (4.3%) had CPD. CPD was significantly more prevalent among men with mild ED (P = 0.004) and moderate to severe ED (P = 0.007) in comparison to men without ED. ED might be associated with CPD. These preliminary findings are consistent with theories that associate these conditions with systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerosis.

  10. Analysis of the Consumption of Caffeinated Energy Drinks among Polish Adolescents.

    PubMed

    Nowak, Dariusz; Jasionowski, Artur

    2015-07-10

    Energy drinks (EDs) are extremely popular among adults and adolescents. Regular intake of EDs may lead to an overdose of caffeine, loss of bone mass, overweight, hypertension and, in older age, osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases. Some people mix EDs with alcohol, which adversely affects their health. The objective of this study was to analyze the consumption of EDs by adolescents. The study consisted of a questionnaire surveying amounts of drinks, preferences and product awareness among younger consumers. The study was carried out in junior and senior high schools in Poland (n = 2629). EDs were consumed by 67% of students (quite frequently by 16%). Students who practiced sports were more willing to drink EDs. Also, boys drank them more often than girls. When selecting a particular ED, young people looked at the taste, price and effect. Most respondents consumed one ED (250 mL) daily, although there were individuals consuming two or more drinks daily. Most respondents knew the ingredients of EDs, and 24% admitted to mixing EDs with alcohol. EDs are extremely popular among adolescents. Young people drinking EDs every day are potentially at risk of taking an overdose of caffeine.

  11. Energy Density, Energy Intake, and Body Weight Regulation in Adults12345

    PubMed Central

    Karl, J. Philip; Roberts, Susan B.

    2014-01-01

    The role of dietary energy density (ED) in the regulation of energy intake (EI) is controversial. Methodologically, there is also debate about whether beverages should be included in dietary ED calculations. To address these issues, studies examining the effects of ED on EI or body weight in nonelderly adults were reviewed. Different approaches to calculating dietary ED do not appear to alter the direction of reported relations between ED and body weight. Evidence that lowering dietary ED reduces EI in short-term studies is convincing, but there are currently insufficient data to determine long-term effectiveness for weight loss. The review also identified key barriers to progress in understanding the role of ED in energy regulation, in particular the absence of a standard definition of ED, and the lack of data from multiple long-term clinical trials examining the effectiveness of low-ED diet recommendations for preventing both primary weight gain and weight regain in nonobese individuals. Long-term clinical trials designed to examine the impact of dietary ED on energy regulation, and including multiple ED calculation methods within the same study, are still needed to determine the importance of ED in the regulation of EI and body weight. PMID:25398750

  12. Appropriateness of cases presenting in the emergency department following ambulance service secondary telephone triage: a retrospective cohort study

    PubMed Central

    Eastwood, Kathryn; Smith, Karen; Morgans, Amee; Stoelwinder, Johannes

    2017-01-01

    Objective To investigate the appropriateness of cases presenting to the emergency department (ED) following ambulance-based secondary telephone triage. Design A pragmatic retrospective cohort analysis of all the planned and unplanned ED presentations within 48 hours of a secondary telephone triage. Setting The secondary telephone triage service, called the Referral Service, and the hospitals were located in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia and operated 24 hours a day, servicing 4.25 million people. The Referral Service provides an in-depth secondary triage of cases classified as low acuity when calling the Australian emergency telephone number. Population Cases triaged by the Referral Service between September 2009 and June 2012 were linked to ED and hospital admission records (N=44,523). Planned ED presentations were cases referred to the ED following the secondary triage, unplanned ED presentations were cases that presented despite being referred to alternative care pathways. Main outcome measures Appropriateness was measured using an ED suitability definition and hospital admission rates. These were compared with mean population data which consisted of all of the ED presentations for the state (termed the ‘average Victorian ED presentation’). Results Planned ED presentations were more likely to be ED suitable than unplanned ED presentations (OR 1.62; 95% CI 1.5 to 1.7; p<0.001) and the average Victorian ED presentation (OR 1.85; 95% CI 1.01 to 3.4; p=0.046). They were also more likely to be admitted to the hospital than the unplanned ED presentation (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.4 to 1.6; p<0.001) and the average Victorian ED presentation (OR 2.3, 95% CI 2.24 to 2.33; p<0.001). Just under 15% of cases diverted away from the emergency care pathways presented in the ED (unplanned ED attendances), and 9.5% of all the alternative care pathway cases were classified as ED suitable and 6.5% were admitted to hospital. Conclusions Secondary telephone triage was able to appropriately identify many ED suitable cases, and while most cases referred to alternative care pathways did not present in the ED. Further research is required to establish that these were not inappropriately triaged away from the emergency care pathways. PMID:29038180

  13. Use of the Emergency Department for Severe Headache. A population-based study

    PubMed Central

    Friedman, Benjamin W.; Serrano, Daniel; Reed, Michael; Diamond, Merle; Lipton, Richard B.

    2008-01-01

    Background Although headache is a common emergency department (ED) chief complaint, the role of the ED in the management of primary headache disorders has rarely been assessed from a population perspective. We determined frequency of ED use and risk factors for use among patients suffering severe headache. Methods As part of the American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention study, a validated self-administered questionnaire was mailed to 24,000 severe headache sufferers, who were randomly drawn from a larger sample constructed to be socio-demographically representative of the US population. Participants were asked a series of questions on headache management, healthcare system use, socio-demographic features, and number of ED visits for management of headache in the previous 12 months. In keeping with the work of others, “frequent” ED use was defined as a particpants report of four or more visits to the ED for treatment of a headache in the previous 12 months. Headaches were categorized into specific diagnoses using a validated methodology. Results Of 24,000 surveys, 18,514 were returned, and 13,451 (56%) provided complete data on ED use. Socio-demographic characteristics did not differ substantially between responders and non-responders. Among the 13,451 responders, over the course of the previous year, 12,592 (94%) did not visit the ED at all, 415 (3%) visited the ED once, and 444 (3%) visited the ED more than once. Patients with severe episodic tension-type headache were less likely to use the ED than patients with severe episodic migraine (OR 0.4 [95%CI 0.3, 0.6]). Frequent ED use was reported by 1% of the total sample or 19% (95%CI: 17, 22%) of subjects who used the ED in the previous year, though frequent users accounted for 51% (95%CI: 49, 53) of all ED visits. Predictors of ED use included markers of disease severity, elevated depression scores, low socio-economic status, and a predilection for ED use for conditions other than headache. Conclusions Most individuals suffering severe headaches do not use the ED over the course of a single year. The majority of ED visits for severe headache are accounted for by a small subset of all ED users. Increasing disease severity and depression are the most readily addressable factors associated with ED use. PMID:19040677

  14. Human cytomegalovirus alters localization of MHC class II and dendrite morphology in mature Langerhans cells.

    PubMed

    Lee, Andrew W; Hertel, Laura; Louie, Ryan K; Burster, Timo; Lacaille, Vashti; Pashine, Achal; Abate, Davide A; Mocarski, Edward S; Mellins, Elizabeth D

    2006-09-15

    Hemopoietic stem cell-derived mature Langerhans-type dendritic cells (LC) are susceptible to productive infection by human CMV (HCMV). To investigate the impact of infection on this cell type, we examined HLA-DR biosynthesis and trafficking in mature LC cultures exposed to HCMV. We found decreased surface HLA-DR levels in viral Ag-positive as well as in Ag-negative mature LC. Inhibition of HLA-DR was independent of expression of unique short US2-US11 region gene products by HCMV. Indeed, exposure to UV-inactivated virus, but not to conditioned medium from infected cells, was sufficient to reduce HLA-DR on mature LC, implicating particle binding/penetration in this effect. Reduced surface levels reflected an altered distribution of HLA-DR because total cellular HLA-DR was not diminished. Accumulation of HLA-DR was not explained by altered cathepsin S activity. Mature, peptide-loaded HLA-DR molecules were retained within cells, as assessed by the proportion of SDS-stable HLA-DR dimers. A block in egress was implicated, as endocytosis of surface HLA-DR was not increased. Immunofluorescence microscopy corroborated the intracellular retention of HLA-DR and revealed markedly fewer HLA-DR-positive dendritic projections in infected mature LC. Unexpectedly, light microscopic analyses showed a dramatic loss of the dendrites themselves and immunofluorescence revealed that cytoskeletal elements crucial for the formation and maintenance of dendrites are disrupted in viral Ag-positive cells. Consistent with these dendrite effects, HCMV-infected mature LC exhibit markedly reduced chemotaxis in response to lymphoid chemokines. Thus, HCMV impedes MHC class II molecule trafficking, dendritic projections, and migration of mature LC. These changes likely contribute to the reduced activation of CD4+ T cells by HCMV-infected mature LC.

  15. Global Prevalence and Major Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy

    PubMed Central

    Yau, Joanne W.Y.; Rogers, Sophie L.; Kawasaki, Ryo; Lamoureux, Ecosse L.; Kowalski, Jonathan W.; Bek, Toke; Chen, Shih-Jen; Dekker, Jacqueline M.; Fletcher, Astrid; Grauslund, Jakob; Haffner, Steven; Hamman, Richard F.; Ikram, M. Kamran; Kayama, Takamasa; Klein, Barbara E.K.; Klein, Ronald; Krishnaiah, Sannapaneni; Mayurasakorn, Korapat; O’Hare, Joseph P.; Orchard, Trevor J.; Porta, Massimo; Rema, Mohan; Roy, Monique S.; Sharma, Tarun; Shaw, Jonathan; Taylor, Hugh; Tielsch, James M.; Varma, Rohit; Wang, Jie Jin; Wang, Ningli; West, Sheila; Xu, Liang; Yasuda, Miho; Zhang, Xinzhi; Mitchell, Paul; Wong, Tien Y.

    2012-01-01

    OBJECTIVE To examine the global prevalence and major risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR) among people with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A pooled analysis using individual participant data from population-based studies around the world was performed. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify all population-based studies in general populations or individuals with diabetes who had ascertained DR from retinal photographs. Studies provided data for DR end points, including any DR, proliferative DR, diabetic macular edema, and VTDR, and also major systemic risk factors. Pooled prevalence estimates were directly age-standardized to the 2010 World Diabetes Population aged 20–79 years. RESULTS A total of 35 studies (1980–2008) provided data from 22,896 individuals with diabetes. The overall prevalence was 34.6% (95% CI 34.5–34.8) for any DR, 6.96% (6.87–7.04) for proliferative DR, 6.81% (6.74–6.89) for diabetic macular edema, and 10.2% (10.1–10.3) for VTDR. All DR prevalence end points increased with diabetes duration, hemoglobin A1c, and blood pressure levels and were higher in people with type 1 compared with type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS There are approximately 93 million people with DR, 17 million with proliferative DR, 21 million with diabetic macular edema, and 28 million with VTDR worldwide. Longer diabetes duration and poorer glycemic and blood pressure control are strongly associated with DR. These data highlight the substantial worldwide public health burden of DR and the importance of modifiable risk factors in its occurrence. This study is limited by data pooled from studies at different time points, with different methodologies and population characteristics. PMID:22301125

  16. Global prevalence and major risk factors of diabetic retinopathy.

    PubMed

    Yau, Joanne W Y; Rogers, Sophie L; Kawasaki, Ryo; Lamoureux, Ecosse L; Kowalski, Jonathan W; Bek, Toke; Chen, Shih-Jen; Dekker, Jacqueline M; Fletcher, Astrid; Grauslund, Jakob; Haffner, Steven; Hamman, Richard F; Ikram, M Kamran; Kayama, Takamasa; Klein, Barbara E K; Klein, Ronald; Krishnaiah, Sannapaneni; Mayurasakorn, Korapat; O'Hare, Joseph P; Orchard, Trevor J; Porta, Massimo; Rema, Mohan; Roy, Monique S; Sharma, Tarun; Shaw, Jonathan; Taylor, Hugh; Tielsch, James M; Varma, Rohit; Wang, Jie Jin; Wang, Ningli; West, Sheila; Xu, Liang; Yasuda, Miho; Zhang, Xinzhi; Mitchell, Paul; Wong, Tien Y

    2012-03-01

    To examine the global prevalence and major risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR) among people with diabetes. A pooled analysis using individual participant data from population-based studies around the world was performed. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify all population-based studies in general populations or individuals with diabetes who had ascertained DR from retinal photographs. Studies provided data for DR end points, including any DR, proliferative DR, diabetic macular edema, and VTDR, and also major systemic risk factors. Pooled prevalence estimates were directly age-standardized to the 2010 World Diabetes Population aged 20-79 years. A total of 35 studies (1980-2008) provided data from 22,896 individuals with diabetes. The overall prevalence was 34.6% (95% CI 34.5-34.8) for any DR, 6.96% (6.87-7.04) for proliferative DR, 6.81% (6.74-6.89) for diabetic macular edema, and 10.2% (10.1-10.3) for VTDR. All DR prevalence end points increased with diabetes duration, hemoglobin A(1c), and blood pressure levels and were higher in people with type 1 compared with type 2 diabetes. There are approximately 93 million people with DR, 17 million with proliferative DR, 21 million with diabetic macular edema, and 28 million with VTDR worldwide. Longer diabetes duration and poorer glycemic and blood pressure control are strongly associated with DR. These data highlight the substantial worldwide public health burden of DR and the importance of modifiable risk factors in its occurrence. This study is limited by data pooled from studies at different time points, with different methodologies and population characteristics.

  17. Pathogenesis of human diffusely adhering Escherichia coli expressing Afa/Dr adhesins (Afa/Dr DAEC): current insights and future challenges.

    PubMed

    Servin, Alain L

    2014-10-01

    The pathogenicity and clinical pertinence of diffusely adhering Escherichia coli expressing the Afa/Dr adhesins (Afa/Dr DAEC) in urinary tract infections (UTIs) and pregnancy complications are well established. In contrast, the implication of intestinal Afa/Dr DAEC in diarrhea is still under debate. These strains are age dependently involved in diarrhea in children, are apparently not involved in diarrhea in adults, and can also be asymptomatic intestinal microbiota strains in children and adult. This comprehensive review analyzes the epidemiology and diagnosis and highlights recent progress which has improved the understanding of Afa/Dr DAEC pathogenesis. Here, I summarize the roles of Afa/Dr DAEC virulence factors, including Afa/Dr adhesins, flagella, Sat toxin, and pks island products, in the development of specific mechanisms of pathogenicity. In intestinal epithelial polarized cells, the Afa/Dr adhesins trigger cell membrane receptor clustering and activation of the linked cell signaling pathways, promote structural and functional cell lesions and injuries in intestinal barrier, induce proinflammatory responses, create angiogenesis, instigate epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like events, and lead to pks-dependent DNA damage. UTI-associated Afa/Dr DAEC strains, following adhesin-membrane receptor cell interactions and activation of associated lipid raft-dependent cell signaling pathways, internalize in a microtubule-dependent manner within urinary tract epithelial cells, develop a particular intracellular lifestyle, and trigger a toxin-dependent cell detachment. In response to Afa/Dr DAEC infection, the host epithelial cells generate antibacterial defense responses. Finally, I discuss a hypothetical role of intestinal Afa/Dr DAEC strains that can act as "silent pathogens" with the capacity to emerge as "pathobionts" for the development of inflammatory bowel disease and intestinal carcinogenesis. Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

  18. Anterior Diabetic Retinopathy Studied by Ultra-widefield Angiography.

    PubMed

    Bae, Kunho; Lee, Ju Yeon; Kim, Tae Hyup; Cho, Ga Eun; Ahn, Jeeyun; Kim, Sang Jin; Kim, Jae Hyun; Kang, Se Woong

    2016-10-01

    To evaluate the prevalence of anterior type diabetic retinopathy (DR) using ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography and to identify the factors associated with anterior type DR incidence. A retrospective case review was used in this study. Patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) underwent examination by ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography, and were classified into anterior, posterior, or diffuse DR groups. Anterior DR was defined if diabetic retinal changes were noted only at the location anterior to the imaginary circle bordered by the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study seven-standard fields. Correlations between demographic data, as well as systemic and ocular factors, and the incidence of NPDR types were evaluated. Among the 234 eyes of 234 patients with NPDR, 25 eyes (10.7%) demonstrated anterior DR. Anterior DR was observed in 10 eyes (30.3%) of patients having mild NPDR, three eyes (4.8%) of moderate NPDR patients, and in 12 eyes (7.1%) of severe NPDR patients ( p < 0.001). The incidence of anterior DR positively correlated with lower hemoglobin A1c levels and with greater high-density lipoprotein levels following multiple logistic regression analysis ( p < 0.001). The mean hemoglobin A1c level was 7.03 ± 0.99% in anterior DR, 7.99 ± 1.74% in posterior DR, and 7.94 ± 1.39% in diffuse DR patients ( p = 0.003). The mean high-density lipoprotein level was 51.2 ± 12.5 mg/dL in anterior, 49.7 ± 15.2 mg/dL in posterior, and 45.2 ± 13.1 mg/dL in diffuse DR patients ( p = 0.010). Diabetic retinal changes confined to an anterior location were more frequently noted in earlier stages of NPDR. The incidence of DR sparing posterior retinal involvement was related to favorable blood sugar and lipid profiles.

  19. Conserved extended haplotypes discriminate HLA-DR3-homozygous Basque patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and celiac disease.

    PubMed

    Bilbao, J R; Calvo, B; Aransay, A M; Martin-Pagola, A; Perez de Nanclares, G; Aly, T A; Rica, I; Vitoria, J C; Gaztambide, S; Noble, J; Fain, P R; Awdeh, Z L; Alper, C A; Castaño, L

    2006-10-01

    The major susceptibility locus for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) maps to the human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) class II region in the major histocompatibility complex on chromosome 6p21. In southern European populations, like the Basques, the greatest risk to T1D is associated with DR3 homo- and heterozygosity and is comparable to that of DR3/DR4, the highest risk genotype in northern European populations. Celiac disease (CD) is another DR3-associated autoimmune disorder showing certain overlap with T1D that has been explained by the involvement of common genetic determinants, a situation more frequent in DR3-rich populations, like the Basques. As both T1D- and CD-associated HLA alleles are part of conserved extended haplotypes (CEH), we compared DR3-homozygous T1D and CD patients to determine whether CEHs were equally distributed between both disorders or there was a differential contribution of different haplotypes. We observed a very pronounced distribution bias (P<10(-5)) of the two major DR3 CEHs, with DR3-B18 predominating in T1D and DR3-B8 in CD. Additionally, high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis of the complete CEH [A*30-B*18-MICA*4-F1C30-DRB1*0301-DQB1*0201-DPB1*0202] revealed extraordinary conservation throughout the 4.9 Mbp analyzed supporting the existence of additional diabetogenic variants (other than HLA-DRB1*0301-DQB1*0201), conserved within the DR3-B18 CEH (but not in other DR3 haplotypes) that could explain its enhanced diabetogenicity.

  20. Pathogenesis of Human Diffusely Adhering Escherichia coli Expressing Afa/Dr Adhesins (Afa/Dr DAEC): Current Insights and Future Challenges

    PubMed Central

    2014-01-01

    SUMMARY The pathogenicity and clinical pertinence of diffusely adhering Escherichia coli expressing the Afa/Dr adhesins (Afa/Dr DAEC) in urinary tract infections (UTIs) and pregnancy complications are well established. In contrast, the implication of intestinal Afa/Dr DAEC in diarrhea is still under debate. These strains are age dependently involved in diarrhea in children, are apparently not involved in diarrhea in adults, and can also be asymptomatic intestinal microbiota strains in children and adult. This comprehensive review analyzes the epidemiology and diagnosis and highlights recent progress which has improved the understanding of Afa/Dr DAEC pathogenesis. Here, I summarize the roles of Afa/Dr DAEC virulence factors, including Afa/Dr adhesins, flagella, Sat toxin, and pks island products, in the development of specific mechanisms of pathogenicity. In intestinal epithelial polarized cells, the Afa/Dr adhesins trigger cell membrane receptor clustering and activation of the linked cell signaling pathways, promote structural and functional cell lesions and injuries in intestinal barrier, induce proinflammatory responses, create angiogenesis, instigate epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like events, and lead to pks-dependent DNA damage. UTI-associated Afa/Dr DAEC strains, following adhesin-membrane receptor cell interactions and activation of associated lipid raft-dependent cell signaling pathways, internalize in a microtubule-dependent manner within urinary tract epithelial cells, develop a particular intracellular lifestyle, and trigger a toxin-dependent cell detachment. In response to Afa/Dr DAEC infection, the host epithelial cells generate antibacterial defense responses. Finally, I discuss a hypothetical role of intestinal Afa/Dr DAEC strains that can act as “silent pathogens” with the capacity to emerge as “pathobionts” for the development of inflammatory bowel disease and intestinal carcinogenesis. PMID:25278576

  1. Influence of auxochrome group in disperse dyes bearing azo groups as chromophore center in the biotransformation and molecular docking prediction by reductase enzyme: Implications and assessment for environmental toxicity of xenobiotics.

    PubMed

    Franco, Jefferson Honorio; da Silva, Bianca F; Dias, Elisangela Franciscon G; de Castro, Alexandre A; Ramalho, Teodorico C; Zanoni, Maria Valnice Boldrin

    2018-05-21

    Synthetic azo dyes have increasingly become a matter of great concern as a result of the genotoxic and mutagenic potential of the products derived from azo dye biotransformation. This work evaluates the manner in which reducing enzymes produced by Escherichia coli (E. coli) act on three disperse dyes bearing azo groups, namely Disperse Red 73 (DR 73), Disperse Red 78 (DR 78), and Disperse Red 167 (DR 167). UV-Vis spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD), and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were applied towards the identification of the main products. Seven days of incubation of the azo dyes with the tested enzymes yielded a completely bleached solution. 3-4-Aminophenyl-ethyl-amino-propanitrile was detected following the biotransformation of both DR 73 and DR 78. 4-Nitroaniline and 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline were detected upon the biotransformation of DR 73 and DR 78, respectively. The main products derived from the biotransformation of DR 167 were dimethyl 3,3'-3-acetamido-4-aminophenyl-azanedyl-dipropanoate and 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline. The results imply that DR 73 lost the CN - substituent during the biotransformation. Furthermore, theoretical calculations were also carried out aiming at evaluating the interaction and reactivity of these compounds with DNA. Taken together, the results indicate that DR 73, DR 78, and DR 167 pose health risks and serious threats to both human beings and the environment at large as their biotransformation produces harmful compounds such as amines, which have been widely condemned by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  2. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in Peruvian patients with type 2 diabetes: results of a hospital-based retinal telescreening program.

    PubMed

    Villena, Jaime E; Yoshiyama, Christian A; Sánchez, Javier E; Hilario, Nélida L; Merin, Lawrence M

    2011-11-01

    To estimate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes and to determine any association with clinical factors. This hospital-based screening project was designed to prospectively detect the presence of DR in patients with type 2 diabetes by grading images acquired with a digital retinal camera. Of 1 311 patients screened, appropriate retinal images were obtained in 1 222 subjects (93.2%). DR was detected in 282 patients (23.1%) [95% confidence interval (CI): 20.71-25.44]; 249 patients (20.4%) (95% CI: 18.1-22.6) had nonproliferative DR and 33 (2.7%) (95% CI: 1.8-3.6) had proliferative DR. In 32 patients (11.3%), DR was unilateral. The frequency of DR was the same in both sexes. Prevalence of blindness was twice as frequent in patients with DR as in those without it (9.4% and 4.6%, respectively) (P = 0.001). The frequency of DR at diagnosis was 3.5% and it increased with the duration of diabetes. DR was more frequent in patients with arterial hypertension, macrovascular or microvascular complications, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) > 7.0% and in those treated with insulin or sulfonylureas. It was less prevalent in those with HbA1c < 7.0%, with greater body mass index, and who had been treated with metformin. The prevalence of DR in these patients with type 2 diabetes was 23.1%. Nonproliferative retinopathy accounted for 77.0% of cases. Although less prevalent than in a previous report, it doubled the frequency of blindness in the people affected. A national screening DR program should be considered in order to detect this prevalent condition early and treat it in a timely fashion.

  3. NLRP1 deficiency attenuates diabetic retinopathy (DR) in mice through suppressing inflammation response.

    PubMed

    Li, Yan; Liu, Chang; Wan, Xin-Shun; Li, Shao-Wei

    2018-06-22

    Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the common cause of diabetic vascular complications. The NOD-like receptor (NLR) family, pyrin domain containing 1 (NLRP1), also known as NALP1, inflammasome is the first member of the NLR family to be discovered, playing an important role in inflammatory response. However, its effect on DR development has not been reported. In the study, the wild type (WT) and NLRP1 -/- mice were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce DR. The results indicated that NLRP1 -/- significantly increased bodyweight reduction and decreased blood glucose levels induced by STZ. WT/DR mice exhibited higher levels of NLRP1 in retinas. NLRP1 -/- ameliorated retinal abnormalities in DR mice using H&E staining. In addition, attenuated avascular areas and neovascular tufts were also observed in NLRP1 -/- /DR mice. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum and retinas were highly induced in WT/DR mice, whereas being markedly reduced by NLRP1 -/- . In addition, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Iba1 expressions induced by STZ in serum or retinas were significantly down-regulated in NLRP1 -/- /DR mice. Consistently, NLRP1 -/- attenuated ASC and Caspase-1 expressions in retinas of DR mice. Compared to WT/DR group, NLRP1 -/- markedly decreased retina p-nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 levels. And similar results were confirmed in vitro that suppressing NLRP1/ASC inflammasome ameliorated inflammatory response in fructose-treated retinal ganglion cells. The results above indicated that the modulation of NLRP1 inflammasome might be a promising strategy for DR therapy. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  4. Clinical Pharmacy Services in Canadian Emergency Departments: A National Survey

    PubMed Central

    Wanbon, Richard; Lyder, Catherine; Villeneuve, Eric; Shalansky, Stephen; Manuel, Leslie; Harding, Melanie

    2015-01-01

    Background: Providing clinical pharmacy services in emergency departments (EDs) is important because adverse drug events commonly occur before, during, and after ED encounters. Survey studies in the United States have indicated a relatively low presence of clinical pharmacy services in the ED setting, but a descriptive survey specific to Canada has not yet been performed. Objectives: To describe the current status of pharmacy services in Canadian EDs and potential barriers to implementing pharmacy services in this setting. Methods: All Canadian hospitals with an ED and at least 50 acute care beds were contacted to identify the presence of dedicated ED pharmacy services (defined as at least 0.5 full-time equivalent [FTE] position). Three different electronic surveys were then distributed by e-mail to ED pharmacy team members (if available), pharmacy managers (at hospitals without an ED pharmacy team), and ED managers (all hospitals). The surveys were completed between July and September 2013. Results: Of the 243 hospitals identified, 95 (39%) had at least 0.5 FTE clinical pharmacy services in the ED (based on initial telephone screening). Of the 60 ED pharmacy teams that responded to the survey, 56 had pharmacists (27 of which also had ED pharmacy technicians) and 4 had pharmacy technicians (without pharmacists). Forty-four (79%) of the 56 ED pharmacist services had been established within the preceding 10 years. Order clarification, troubleshooting, medication reconciliation, and assessment of renal dosing were the services most commonly provided. The large majority of pharmacy managers and ED managers identified the need for ED pharmacy services where such services do not yet exist. Inadequate funding, competing priorities, and lack of training were the most commonly reported barriers to providing this service. Conclusions: Although the establishment of ward-based pharmacy services in Canadian EDs has increased over the past 10 years, lack of funding and a lack of ED training for pharmacists were reported as significant barriers to the expansion of this role in most hospitals. PMID:26157180

  5. Enhanced Disease Susceptibility1 Mediates Pathogen Resistance and Virulence Function of a Bacterial Effector in Soybean1[C][W][OPEN

    PubMed Central

    Wang, Jialin; Shine, M.B.; Gao, Qing-Ming; Navarre, Duroy; Jiang, Wei; Liu, Chunyan; Chen, Qingshan; Hu, Guohua; Kachroo, Aardra

    2014-01-01

    Enhanced disease susceptibility1 (EDS1) and phytoalexin deficient4 (PAD4) are well-known regulators of both basal and resistance (R) protein-mediated plant defense. We identified two EDS1-like (GmEDS1a/GmEDS1b) proteins and one PAD4-like (GmPAD4) protein that are required for resistance signaling in soybean (Glycine max). Consistent with their significant structural conservation to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) counterparts, constitutive expression of GmEDS1 or GmPAD4 complemented the pathogen resistance defects of Arabidopsis eds1 and pad4 mutants, respectively. Interestingly, however, the GmEDS1 and GmPAD4 did not complement pathogen-inducible salicylic acid accumulation in the eds1/pad4 mutants. Furthermore, the GmEDS1a/GmEDS1b proteins were unable to complement the turnip crinkle virus coat protein-mediated activation of the Arabidopsis R protein Hypersensitive reaction to Turnip crinkle virus (HRT), even though both interacted with HRT. Silencing GmEDS1a/GmEDS1b or GmPAD4 reduced basal and pathogen-inducible salicylic acid accumulation and enhanced soybean susceptibility to virulent pathogens. The GmEDS1a/GmEDS1b and GmPAD4 genes were also required for Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv glycinea2 (Rpg2)-mediated resistance to Pseudomonas syringae. Notably, the GmEDS1a/GmEDS1b proteins interacted with the cognate bacterial effector AvrA1 and were required for its virulence function in rpg2 plants. Together, these results show that despite significant structural similarities, conserved defense signaling components from diverse plants can differ in their functionalities. In addition, we demonstrate a role for GmEDS1 in regulating the virulence function of a bacterial effector. PMID:24872380

  6. Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a shared sexual concern of couples II: association of female partner characteristics with male partner ED treatment seeking and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor utilization.

    PubMed

    Fisher, William A; Eardley, Ian; McCabe, Marita; Sand, Michael

    2009-11-01

    Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent condition that impacts on both patients and their female partners. ED may therefore be regarded as a shared sexual concern for couples. The current analysis of the Female Experience of Men's Attitudes to Life Events and Sexuality (FEMALES) study data addresses women's perceptions, beliefs, and attitudes concerning their partner's ED, and whether these are associated with the likelihood of the male partner seeking medical advice and utilizing phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. The current research sought to explore the association of female partners' perceptions of male partners' ED and male partners' medical consultation and treatment seeking for ED. Questionnaires were sent to partners of men who participated in the Men's Attitudes to Life Events and Sexuality (MALES) 2004 study, and who consented to their partner's involvement. A modified version of the questionnaire used in the MALES study was developed for the FEMALES study, reflecting the female partner's perspective. A 65-item questionnaire assessing women's perceptions, beliefs, and attitudes regarding various aspects of ED. Women's perceptions of the nature and causes of their partner's ED were significantly associated with men's treatment seeking and utilization. Significant associations were observed between women's level of satisfaction with the relationship before ED onset; perceptions of the impact of ED on quality of life; desire to deal with ED; attitudes to ED treatment; and the treatment-seeking behavior of the male partner. Multivariate regression analyses identified a mixture of female and male partner perceptions and attitudes that uniquely accounted for >30% of the variance in men's ED treatment-seeking behavior and treatment utilization. This study illustrates the importance of the female partner's attitudes to ED in men's ED treatment-seeking behavior. These findings strongly support the potential benefits of partner integration into ED consultation and treatment strategies.

  7. The emergency department prediction of disposition (EPOD) study.

    PubMed

    Vaghasiya, Milan R; Murphy, Margaret; O'Flynn, Daniel; Shetty, Amith

    2014-11-01

    Emergency departments (ED) continue to evolve models of care and streaming as interventions to tackle the effects of access block and overcrowding. Tertiary ED may be able to design patient-flow based on predicted dispositions in the department. Segregating discharge-stream patients may help develop patient-flows within the department, which is less affected by availability of beds in a hospital. We aim to determine if triage nurses and ED doctors can predict disposition outcomes early in the patient journey and thus lead to successful streaming of patients in the ED. During this study, triage nurses and ED doctors anonymously predicted disposition outcomes for patients presenting to triage after their brief assessments. Patient disposition at the 24-h post ED presentation was considered as the actual outcome and compared against predicted outcomes. Triage nurses were able to predict actual discharges of 445 patients out of 490 patients with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 90.8% (95% CI 87.8-93.2%). ED registrars were able to predict actual discharges of 85 patients out of 93 patients with PPV of 91.4% (95% CI 83.3-95.9%). ED consultants were able to predict actual discharges of 111 patients out of 118 patients with PPV 94.1% (95% CI 87.7-97.4%). PPVs for admission among ED consultants, ED registrars and Triage nurses were 59.7%, 54.4% and 48.5% respectively. Triage nurses, ED consultants and ED registrars are able to predict a patient's discharge disposition at triage with high levels of confidence. Triage nurses, ED consultants, and ED registrars can predict patients who are likely to be admitted with equal ability. This data may be used to develop specific admission and discharge streams based on early decision-making in EDs by triage nurses, ED registrars or ED consultants. Crown Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  8. Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy: Factors Associated with ED Revisits

    PubMed Central

    Sharp, Brian R.; Sharp, Kristen M.; Patterson, Brian; Dooley-Hash, Suzanne

    2016-01-01

    Introduction Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) is a condition that commonly affects women in the first trimester of pregnancy. Despite frequently leading to emergency department (ED) visits, little evidence exists to characterize the nature of ED visits or to guide its treatment in the ED. Our objectives were to evaluate the treatment of NVP in the ED and to identify factors that predict return visits to the ED for NVP. Methods We conducted a retrospective database analysis using the electronic medical record from a single, large academic hospital. Demographic and treatment variables were collected using a chart review of 113 ED patient visits with a billing diagnosis of “nausea and vomiting in pregnancy” or “hyperemesis gravidarum.” Logistic regression analysis was used with a primary outcome of return visit to the ED for the same diagnoses. Results There was wide treatment variability of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy patients in the ED. Of the 113 patient visits, 38 (33.6%) had a return ED visit for NVP. High gravidity (OR 1.31, 95% CI [1.06–1.61]), high parity (OR 1.50 95% CI [1.12–2.00]), and early gestational age (OR 0.74 95% CI [0.60–0.90]) were associated with an increase in return ED visits in univariate logistic regression models, while only early gestational age (OR 0.74 95% CI [0.59–0.91]) was associated with increased return ED visits in a multiple regression model. Admission to the hospital was found to decrease the likelihood of return ED visits (p=0.002). Conclusion NVP can be difficult to manage and has a high ED return visit rate. Optimizing care with aggressive, standardized treatment in the ED and upon discharge, particularly if factors predictive of return ED visits are present, may improve quality of care and reduce ED utilization for this condition. PMID:27625723

  9. Are eating disorders "all about control?" The elusive psychopathology of nonfat phobic presentations.

    PubMed

    Murray, Helen B; Coniglio, Kathryn; Hartmann, Andrea S; Becker, Anne E; Eddy, Kamryn T; Thomas, Jennifer J

    2017-11-01

    There are a subset of individuals with eating disorders (EDs) who do not overevaluate body shape/weight (i.e., nonfat phobic ED; NFP-ED). According to the transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral conceptualization of EDs, a need for control, in general, is hypothesized as the core psychopathology of NFP-EDs, with shape- and weight-related motivations for ED behavior merely superimposed in FP-ED presentations. This study tested the need for control as motivation for restriction in NFP-ED, using items aimed at assessing control from the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) Restraint scale. Females ages 13-27 years consecutively admitted to residential treatment completed the EDE, Eating Disorder Inventory-3 Drive for Thinness subscale (EDI-DFT), and other self-report measures of psychopathology. We included patients with DSM-5 EDs, but excluded patients with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder. Twenty participants had NFP-ED (≤14 on EDI-DFT) and 124 had fatphobic ED (FP-ED; >14 on EDI-DFT). NFP-ED scored significantly lower than FP-ED on EDE Restraint scale shape/weight [χ 2 (1) = 10.73-35.62, p's < .01] and on control items [χ 2 (1) = 10.72-20.62, p's < .01], in addition to scoring lower on measures of general psychopathology and impairment. Findings suggest those with NFP-ED report lower psychopathology overall and the new EDE Restraint scale control items do not capture additional motivation for restriction beyond that captured in the original Restraint scale shape/weight items. Future research should examine whether this latter finding is due to a minimizing response style in NFP-ED, an incomplete capture of desire for control by the EDE assessment method, or indeed reflects that need for control does not motivate restriction in NFP-EDs. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  10. Threshold Tear Strength of some Molecular Networks.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1981-04-03

    Attn: Dr. F. Roberto Office of Naval Research 1 AFSC Western Office Andrews AFB, Code DLFP 1030 East Green Street Washington, DC 20334 Pasadena, CA...of Chemical & Office Atmospheric Sciences 495 Summer Street Bolling Air Force Base Boston, MA 02210 Washington, DC 20332 Attn: Dr. L. Peebles Dr. A...Plaza Suite 601 Bolling Air Force Base San Francisco, CA 94102 Washington, DC 20332 Attn: Dr. P. A. Miller Attn: Dr. L. H. Caveny Defense Technical

  11. United States Air Force Summer Faculty Research Program - Management Report - 1985.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1985-12-01

    Properties and Processing of a Dr. Vernon R. Allen Perfluorinated Polyalkylene Linked Polyimide 4 Quantifying Experience in the Cost Dr. Jihad A. Alsadek...Dr. Terrill D. Smith Compounds 127 Studies on Combustion of Liquid Fuel Dr. Siavash H. Sohrab Sprays in Stagnation Flows 128 Monitoring Environmental...Trafton Various Dinitrotoluenes and the Synthesis of Azo Compounds . 125 e 0 Ka 140 A Comparison of Measured and Calculated Dr. Larry Vardiman

  12. United States Air Force Research Initiation Program for 1988. Volume 2

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1990-04-01

    Specialty: Modeling and Simulation ENGINEERING AND SERVICES CENTER (Tyndall Air Force Base) Dr. Wayne A. Charlie Dr. Peter Jeffers (1987) Colorado State...Michael Sydor University of New Hampshire University of Minnesota Specialty: Systems Modeling & Controls Specialty: Optics, Material Science Dr. John...9MG-025 4 Modeling and Simulation on Micro- Dr. Joseph J. Feeley (1987) computers, 1989 760-7MG-070 5 Two Dimensional MHD Simulation of Dr. Manuel A

  13. Long Cycle Life Secondary Lithium Cells Utilizing Tetrahydrofuran.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1984-04-01

    Rosenwasser) Code RD-I Washington, D.C. 20360 Washington, D.C. 20380 Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory 1 Dean William Tolles Attn: Dr. R. W. Drisko...Ocean Systems Center 11 apel Street San Diego, California 92152 wton, Massachusetts 02158 Dr. J. J. Auborn Dr. Adam Heller Bell Laboratories Bell...University Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Evanston, Illinois 60201 Dr. William Ayers Dr. Aaron Fletcher ECD Inc. Naval Weapons Center P.O. Box 5357 Code

  14. Ain't No Neuroscience Mountain High Enough: Experiences of a Neurogardener.

    PubMed

    Abdullah, Jafri Malin

    2015-01-01

    16 years have passed since the idea was mooted in 1999 by five neurosurgeons in the corridors of Hotel Perdana, Kota Bharu. They were Dato' Dr Johari Siregar Bin Adnan, Dato' Professor Dr Ahmad Zubaidi Abdul Latif , Dr Azmin Kass Bin Rosman, Dato' Dr Mohammed Saffari Bin Mohammed Haspani and Professor Dato' Dr Jafri Malin Abdullah. They initiated the beginning of the first programme in Neurosurgery in Malaysia. The rest is history.

  15. A Simulation of High Latitude F-Layer Instabilities in the Presence of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1985-07-08

    Equatorial spread F: recent observations and a new intepretation , J. Geophys. Res., 77, 5625, 1972. Basu, S., S. Basu, E. MacKenzie, W.R. Coley, W.B. Hanson...HOPKINS ROAD LAUREL, MD 20810 DR. R. GREENWALD DR. C. MENG UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 DR. N. ZABUSKY DR. M. BIONDI DR. E. OVERMAN 26 FILMED 9-85 DTIC RJa. I - rlt -6 ,I, a~l O -3

  16. Defense Planning for the 1990s and the Changing International Environment

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1984-01-01

    Atlantic Alliance: Looking Ahead ................. 87 Dr. Robert L. Pfaltzgraff, Jr. The Future of the American NATO Commitment ......... 109 Dr...avenues of approach to the ques- tion. Dr. George H. Quester approached NATO’s future from the peespective of American political philosophy. Dr. Robert L...offices whose assign- ment would be to conduct long-range planning on a continuing basis. 85 The Atlantic Alliance: Looking Ahead Dr. Robert L. Pfaltzgraff

  17. Anthropomorphic Interfaces on Automation Trust, Dependence, and Performance inYounger and Older Adults

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-10-26

    www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/statistics/ ? loc ¼db-slabnav Banaji, M., and C. D. Hardin. 1996. “Automatic Stereotyping.” Psychological Science 7 (3...May 2014 Accepted by: Dr. Richard Pak, Committee Chair Dr. Leo Gugerty Dr. Christopher Pagano DISTRIBUTION A: Distribution...years. My committee members, Dr. Leo Gugerty and Dr. Christopher Pagano, made my committee complete and I am grateful for their willingness to serve

  18. Leong, K.M. (Ed.). The Petroleum Geology and Resources of Malaysia ISBN 983-9738-10-0 . Petronas (Petroliam Nasional Berhad), Kualar Lumpur 2000, A4 size, 665 pages (U.S. $100 + postage (2.5 kg)), hyperlinkhttp://www.petronas.com.my

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Murphy, Richard W.; Hutchison, Charles S.

    2001-08-01

    This 27-chapter volume is a comprehensive review of the petroleum geology of a significant Southeast Asian oil-producing country. The authors are predominantly from Petronas (20) with contributions by Shell (2) and the University of Malaya (1). The whole manuscript was reviewed by Dick Selley and coordinated by Leong Khee Meng. Foremost among the authors is Dr Mazlan Hj. Madon, whose byline is found on 14 chapters and whose guiding hand can be recognised throughout the book. In addition to in-house reports, Petronas has drawn on oil company work, resulting both from exploration activities on PSCs and from regional assessments, based on public domain and proprietary data. The companies involved include Esso, Shell, Mobil, Sun, Texaco, Conoco, Oxy, Triton, OPIC, Idemitsu, Nippon Oil, Elf, Hall-Houston and Western Mining. The volume is a remarkable tribute to the progress made by the Malaysian National Oil Company in the 25 years since the granting of its initial charter in 1974.

  19. KSC-04PD-0020

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    2004-01-01

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- From the KSC television studio, KSC management and other employees applaud President George W. Bush, who addressed the public and an assembly of government officials at NASA Headquarters as he outlined a new focus and vision for the space agency. Shown from left are Mike Leinbach, Shuttle launch director; David Culp, with NASA; Steve Francois, director, Launch Services Program; Richard Cota, deputy chief financial officer, KSC; Bill Pickavance vice president and associate program manager of Florida Operations, United Space Alliance (USA) ; Howard DeCastro, vice president and Space Shuttle program manager, USA; Shannon Roberts, with External Affairs; Woodrow Whitlow, KSC deputy director; Bruce Buckingham, assistant to Dr. Whitlow; Lisa Malone, director of External Affairs; Ken Aguilar, chief, Equal Opportunity office; and Cheryl Cox, External Affairs. The President stated his goals for NASAs new mission: Completing the International Space Station, retiring the Space Shuttle orbiters, developing a new crew exploration vehicle, and returning to the moon and beyond within the next two decades. Pres. Bush was welcomed by NASA Administrator Sean OKeefe and Expedition 8 Commander Michael Foale, who greeted him from the International Space Station. Members of the Washington, D.C., audience included astronauts Eileen Collins, Ed Lu and Michael Lopez-Alegria, and former astronaut Gene Cernan

  20. A study of equilibrium and FTIR, SEM/EDS analysis of trimethoprim adsorption onto K10

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bekçi, Zehra; Seki, Yoldaş; Kadir Yurdakoç, M.

    2007-02-01

    The sorption behavior of K10, a type of montmorillonite for trimethoprim (TMP) drug, was studied by using batch technique under different pH and temperature. The interaction between K10 and TMP was investigated using SEM, and FTIR. It was observed that adsorption was increased between pH 2.5 and 6.3. By performing kinetic experiments, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model provides the best fit for TMP adsorption onto K10 montmorillonite. The sorption of TMP reached the equilibrium state after 6 h sorption time and has been described by using Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich equations to obtain adsorption capacity values. The results indicate that the relative adsorption capacity values ( Kf) are decreasing with the increase of temperature in the range of 298-318 K. The sorption energy values obtained from DR isotherm show that sorption of TMP onto K10 can be explained by ion exchange mechanism at 298, 308 and 318 K. The thermodynamic studies were conducted to find the thermodynamic parameters Δ H°, Δ S° and Δ G°. It was determined that adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic in nature.

  1. 100 midlife women with eating disorders: a phenomenological analysis of etiology.

    PubMed

    Kally, Zina; Cumella, Edward J

    2008-10-01

    This study analyzed eating disorder (ED) etiological factors for 100 midlife women ED inpatients, grouped by ED onset age: < 40 and > or = 40 years. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis classified ED etiological influences into background contributors, immediate triggers, or sustainers. Family-of-origin issues, predominantly parental maltreatment, emerged as important background contributors, but not immediate ED triggers, regardless of onset age. Body image issues were also major background contributors regardless of onset age and further served as immediate ED triggers for many of the younger-onset patients, but not the older-onset patients. Family-of-choice and health issues were unimportant for younger-onset patients but were important ED contributors and triggers for older-onset patients. Emergent etiological differences suggest differential assessment and treatment needs for midlife ED patients based on ED onset age.

  2. The three catalases in Deinococcus radiodurans: Only two show catalase activity

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Jeong, Sun-Wook; Department of Biological Sciences, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764; Jung, Jong-Hyun

    2016-01-15

    Deinococcus radiodurans, which is extremely resistant to ionizing radiation and oxidative stress, is known to have three catalases (DR1998, DRA0146, and DRA0259). In this study, to investigate the role of each catalase, we constructed catalase mutants (Δdr1998, ΔdrA0146, and ΔdrA0259) of D. radiodurans. Of the three mutants, Δdr1998 exhibited the greatest decrease in hydrogen peroxide (H{sub 2}O{sub 2}) resistance and the highest increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels following H{sub 2}O{sub 2} treatments, whereas ΔdrA0146 showed no change in its H{sub 2}O{sub 2} resistance or ROS level. Catalase activity was not attenuated in ΔdrA0146, and none of the threemore » bands detected in an in-gel catalase activity assay disappeared in ΔdrA0146. The purified His-tagged recombinant DRA0146 did not show catalase activity. In addition, the phylogenetic analysis of the deinococcal catalases revealed that the DR1998-type catalase is common in the genus Deinococcus, but the DRA0146-type catalase was found in only 4 of 23 Deinococcus species. Taken together, these results indicate that DR1998 plays a critical role in the anti-oxidative system of D. radiodurans by detoxifying H{sub 2}O{sub 2}, but DRA0146 does not have catalase activity and is not involved in the resistance to H{sub 2}O{sub 2} stress. - Highlights: • The dr1998 mutant strain lost 90% of its total catalase activity. • Increased ROS levels and decreased H{sub 2}O{sub 2} resistance were observed in dr1998 mutants. • Lack of drA0146 did not affect any oxidative stress-related phenotypes. • The purified DRA0146 did not show catalase activity.« less

  3. Diabetic retinopathy and health-related quality of life among Chinese with known type 2 diabetes mellitus.

    PubMed

    Pan, Chen-Wei; Wang, Shan; Wang, Pei; Xu, Cai-Lian; Song, E

    2018-05-08

    We aim to describe the impact of diabetic retinopathy (DR) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among community-dwelling Chinese adults who had been previously diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A community-based survey including 913 patients with T2DM was conducted in Suzhou, China. Retinopathy lesions were graded according to the Airlie House classification system of the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study. The HRQOL was measured by the Chinese version of the EuroQol Group's five-level EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L). A Gamma distribution with log link was incorporated into linear regression models to assess the associations between DR and EQ-5D-5L health utility score. The mean EQ-5D-5L index scores were 0.971 ± 0.082 among individuals with unilateral DR and 0.970 ± 0.145 among those with bilateral DR, which were lower compared with those without DR (0.986 ± 0.045, P = 0.02). In multivariate analysis adjusting for confounders, people with bilateral DR reported lower the EQ-5D index scores compared with those without DR. The presence of DR was significantly associated with problems in usual activities (odds ratio [OR] = 0.16, P = 0.02, comparing participants with unilateral vs. no DR; OR = 0.11; P = 0.01, comparing participants with bilateral vs. no DR). No significant variations in EQ-5D-5L index scores as well as different domains of health problems between individuals with unilateral and bilateral DR were observed (P > 0.05). Chinese T2DM patients with bilateral DR tend to report lower HRQOL scores compared with those without DR, especially in health problems associated with usual activities.

  4. Mood and neural correlates of excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson's disease.

    PubMed

    Wen, M-C; Chan, L L; Tan, L C S; Tan, E K

    2017-08-01

    For patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), excessive daytime sleepiness (PD-EDS) is a debilitating non-motor symptom and may be affected by mood symptoms, especially depression and anxiety. Few neuroimaging works have attempted to identify the neural features of PD-EDS, but various findings were reported. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature on mood and neuroimaging correlates of PD-EDS. A MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycInfo search for peer-reviewed original research articles on depression, anxiety, and neuroimaging in PD-EDS identified 26 studies on depression, nine on anxiety, and eight on neuroimaging. Half of the studies reported greater depression in PD-EDS-positive patients compared with PD-EDS-negative patients. There was a significantly positive correlation between depression and PD-EDS. Limited studies on anxiety in PD-EDS suggested a weak correlation between anxiety and EDS. For depression and anxiety, the effect sizes were medium when EDS was subjectively measured, but became small when EDS was objective measured. Current neuroimaging studies generally suggested diminished neural structural and functional features (eg, brain volume, white matter integrity as indicated by fractional anisotropy, and cerebral metabolism) in patients with PD-EDS. Future studies should apply objective and subjective measures of mood symptoms and EDS and improve the neuroimaging methodology via using multimodal techniques and whole-brain analysis to provide new clues on the mood and neural correlates of PD-EDS. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  5. Emotional Dysregulation in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Validity, Predictability, Severity, and Comorbidity.

    PubMed

    Corbisiero, Salvatore; Mörstedt, Beatrice; Bitto, Hannes; Stieglitz, Rolf-Dieter

    2017-01-01

    Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. However, this triad might not be able to explain the complete spectrum of ADHD symptoms, as emotional dysregulation (ED) frequently seems to accompany the disorder. The aim of this study was to further understand the role of ED in adult ADHD. The sample comprised 393 adults with ADHD without or with comorbidity, and 121 adults without ADHD or any other mental disorder. Additionally, the sample focused on ED. The contribution of core symptoms and the effect of comorbidity on ED were tested and the predictive value of ED for the ADHD diagnosis itself analyzed. Finally, all subjects were categorized into groups-No ADHD, ADHD, and ADHD + ED-to analyze the differences in the severity of ADHD symptomatology in the three groups. ED levels were found to be elevated in patients with ADHD. The core symptoms affected ED, and the ADHD diagnosis was predicted by ED. The addition of ED to a regression model with the core symptoms was shown to improve the predictability of the ADHD diagnosis. The presence of ED proved to be an indicator of the severity of adult ADHD independent of a present comorbidity. ED is a significant symptom in adult patients with ADHD and appears to be associated with ADHD itself. Whilst the presence of other mental disorders intensifies symptoms of ED, ED seems not to manifest solely as a consequence of comorbidity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  6. Salt Effects in Photoinduced Electron Transfer Reactions.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1986-09-14

    Department of Chemistry University of California Howard University Los Angeles, California 90024 Washington, D.C. 20059 Dr. E. R. Bernstein Dr. Joe Brandellk...ana, Illinois 61801 Durham, New Hampshire 03824 Dr. J.B. Halpern Dr. Kent R. Wilson Department of Chemistry Chemistry Department Howard University University

  7. Trends and predicted trends in presentations of older people to Australian emergency departments: effects of demand growth, population aging and climate change.

    PubMed

    Burkett, Ellen; Martin-Khan, Melinda G; Scott, Justin; Samanta, Mayukh; Gray, Leonard C

    2017-07-01

    Objectives The aim of the present study was to describe trends in and age and gender distributions of presentations of older people to Australian emergency departments (EDs) from July 2006 to June 2011, and to develop ED utilisation projections to 2050. Methods A retrospective analysis of data collected in the National Non-admitted Patient Emergency Department Care Database was undertaken to assess trends in ED presentations. Three standard Australian Bureau of Statistics population growth models, with and without adjustment for current trends in ED presentation growth and effects of climate change, were examined with projections of ED presentations across three age groups (0-64, 65-84 and ≥85 years) to 2050. Results From 2006-07 to 2010-11, ED presentations increased by 12.63%, whereas the Australian population over this time increased by only 7.26%. Rates of presentation per head of population were greatest among those aged ≥85 years. Projections of ED presentations to 2050 revealed that overall ED presentations are forecast to increase markedly, with the rate of increase being most marked for older people. Conclusion Growth in Australian ED presentations from 2006-07 to 2010-11 was greater than that expected from population growth alone. The predicted changes in demand for ED care will only be able to be optimally managed if Australian health policy, ED funding instruments and ED models of care are adjusted to take into account the specific care and resource needs of older people. What is known about the topic? Rapid population aging is anticipated over coming decades. International studies and specific local-level Australian studies have demonstrated significant growth in ED presentations. There have been no prior national-level Australian studies of ED presentation trends by age group. What does this paper add? The present study examined national ED presentation trends from July 2006 to June 2011, with specific emphasis on trends in presentation by age group. ED presentation growth was found to exceed population growth in all age groups. The rate of ED presentations per head of population was highest among those aged ≥85 years. ED utilisation projections to 2050, using standard Australian Bureau of Statistics population modelling, with and without adjustment for current ED growth, were developed. The projections demonstrated linear growth in ED presentation for those aged 0-84 years, with growth in ED presentations of the ≥85 year age group demonstrating marked acceleration after 2030. What are the implications for practitioners? Growth in ED presentations exceeding population growth suggests that current models of acute health care delivery require review to ensure that optimal care is delivered in the most fiscally efficient manner. Trends in presentation of older people emphasise the imperative for ED workforce planning and education in care of this complex patient cohort, and the requirement to review funding models to incentivise investment in ED avoidance and substitutive care models targeting older people.

  8. Enrico Fermi Awards Ceremony for Dr. Mildred S. Dresselhaus and Dr. Burton Richter, May 2012 (Presentations, including remarks by Energy Secretary, Dr. Steven Chu)

    ScienceCinema

    Chu, Steven [Dept. of Energy (DOE), Washington DC (United States)

    2018-06-12

    The Fermi Award is a Presidential award and is one of the oldest and most prestigious science and technology honors bestowed by the U.S. Government. On May 7, 2012 it was conferred upon two exceptional scientists: Dr. Mildred Dresselhaus, 'for her scientific leadership, her major contributions to science and energy policy, her selfless work in science education and the advancement of diversity in the scientific workplace, and her highly original and impactful research,' and Dr. Burton Richter, 'for the breadth of his influence in the multiple disciplines of accelerator physics and particle physics, his profound scientific discoveries, his visionary leadership as SLAC Director, his leadership of science, and his notable contributions in energy and public policy.' Dr. John Holder, Director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, opened the ceremony, and Dr. Bill Brinkman, Director of DOE's Office of Science introduced the main speaker, Dr. Steven Chu, U.S. Energy Secretary.

  9. Successful vitrification of bovine immature oocyte using liquid helium instead of liquid nitrogen as cryogenic liquid.

    PubMed

    Yu, Xue-Li; Xu, Ya-Kun; Wu, Hua; Guo, Xian-Fei; Li, Xiao-Xia; Han, Wen-Xia; Li, Ying-Hua

    2016-04-01

    The objectives of this study were to compare the effectiveness of liquid helium (LHe) and liquid nitrogen (LN2) as cryogenic liquid for vitrification of bovine immature oocytes with open-pulled straw (OPS) system and determine the optimal cryoprotectant concentration of LHe vitrification. Cumulus oocyte complexes were divided into three groups, namely, untreated group (control), LN2 vitrified with OPS group, and LHe vitrified with OPS group. Oocyte survival was assessed by morphology, nuclear maturation, and developmental capability. Results indicated that the rates of normal morphology, maturation, cleavage, and blastocyst (89.3%, 52.8%, 42.7%, and 10.1%, respectively) in the LHe-vitrified group were all higher than those (79.3%, 43.4%, 34.1%, and 4.7%) in the LN2-vitrified group (P < 0.05) although the corresponding rates in both treated groups decreased compared with the control group (100%, 75.0%, 64.9%, and 40.8%; P < 0.05). Normal calves were obtained after the transfer of blastocysts derived from LHe- and LN2-vitrified oocytes. The effects of the different vitrification solutions (EDS30, EDS35, EDS40, EDS45, and EDS50) in LHe vitrification for bovine immature oocytes vitrification were examined. No difference was found in the rates of morphologically normal oocytes among the EDS30 (87.9%), EDS35 (90.1%), EDS40 (89.4%), and EDS45 (87.2%) groups (P > 0.05). The maturation rate of the EDS35 group (65.0%) was higher than those of the EDS30 (51.3%), EDS40 (50.1%), EDS45 (52.1%), and EDS50 groups (36.9%; P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the cleavage and blastocyst rates between the EDS35 (49.0% and 12.1%) and EDS40 (41.7% and 10.2%) groups. However, the cleavage and blastocyst rates in the EDS35 group were higher (P < 0.05) than those of the EDS30 (36.2% and 6.8%), EDS45 (35.9% and 5.8%), and EDS50 (16.6% and 2.2%) groups. In conclusion, LHe can be used as a cryogenic liquid for vitrification of bovine immature oocytes, and it is more efficient than LN2-vitrified oocytes in terms of blastocyst production. EDS35 was the optimal cryoprotectant agent combination for LHe vitrification in this study. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. Impact of the Four-Hour Rule in Western Australian hospitals: Trend analysis of a large record linkage study 2002-2013.

    PubMed

    Ngo, Hanh; Forero, Roberto; Mountain, David; Fatovich, Daniel; Man, Wing Nicola; Sprivulis, Peter; Mohsin, Mohammed; Toloo, Sam; Celenza, Antonio; Fitzgerald, Gerard; McCarthy, Sally; Hillman, Ken

    2018-01-01

    In 2009, the Western Australian (WA) Government introduced the Four-Hour Rule (FHR) program. The policy stated that most patients presenting to Emergency Departments (EDs) were to be seen and either admitted, transferred, or discharged within 4 hours. This study utilised de-identified data from five participating hospitals, before and after FHR implementation, to assess the impact of the FHR on several areas of ED functioning. A state (WA) population-based intervention study design, using longitudinal data obtained from administrative health databases via record linkage methodology, and interrupted time series analysis technique. There were 3,214,802 ED presentations, corresponding to 1,203,513 ED patients. After the FHR implementation, access block for patients admitted through ED for all five sites showed a significant reduction of up to 13.2% (Rate Ratio 0.868, 95%CI 0.814, 0.925) per quarter. Rate of ED attendances for most hospitals continued to rise throughout the entire study period and were unaffected by the FHR, except for one hospital. Pattern of change in ED re-attendance rate post-FHR was similar to pre-FHR, but the trend reduced for two hospitals. ED occupancy was reduced by 6.2% per quarter post-FHR for the most 'crowded' ED. ED length of stay and ED efficiency improved in four hospitals and deteriorated in one hospital. Time to being seen by ED clinician and Did-Not-Wait rate improved for some hospitals. Admission rates in post-FHR increased, by up to 1% per quarter, for two hospitals where the pre-FHR trend was decreasing. The FHR had a consistent effect on 'flow' measures: significantly reducing ED overcrowding and access block and enhancing ED efficiency. Time-based outcome measures mostly improved with the FHR. There is some evidence of increased ED attendance, but no evidence of increased ED re-attendance. Effects on patient disposition status were mixed. Overall, this reflects the value of investing resources into the ED/hospital system to improve efficiency and patient experience. Further research is required to illuminate the exact mechanisms of the effects of FHR on the ED and hospital functioning across Australia.

  11. Trends in the supply of California’s emergency departments and inpatient services, 2005–2014: a retrospective analysis

    PubMed Central

    Chow, Jessica L; Niedzwiecki, Matthew J; Hsia, Renee Y

    2017-01-01

    Objectives Given increasing demand for emergency care, there is growing concern over the availability of emergency department (ED) and inpatient resources. Existing studies of ED bed supply are dated and often overlook hospital capacity beyond ED settings. We described recent statewide trends in the capacity of ED and inpatient hospital services from 2005 to 2014. Design Retrospective analysis. Setting Using California hospital data, we examined the absolute and per admission changes in ED beds and inpatient beds in all hospitals from 2005 to 2014. Participants Our sample consisted of all patients inpatient and outpatient) from 501 hospital facilities over 10-year period. Outcome measures We analysed linear trends in the total annual ED visits, ED beds, licensed and staffed inpatient hospital beds and bed types, ED beds per ED visit, and inpatient beds per admission (ED and non-ED). Results Between 2005 and 2014, ED visits increased from 9.8 million to 13.2 million (an increase of 35.0%, p<0.001). ED beds also increased (by 29.8%, p<0.001), with an average annual increase of 195.4 beds. Despite this growth, ED beds per visit decreased by 3.9%, from 6.0 ED beds per 10 000 ED visits in 2005 to 5.8 beds in 2014 (p=0.01). While overall admission numbers declined by 4.9% (p=0.06), inpatient medical/surgical beds per visit grew by 11.3%, from 11.6 medical/surgical beds per 1000 admissions in 2005 to 12.9 beds in 2014 (p<0.001). However, there were reductions in psychiatric and chemical dependency beds per admission, by −15.3% (p<0.001) and −22.4% (p=0.05), respectively. Conclusions These trends suggest that, in its current state, inadequate supply of ED and specific inpatient beds cannot keep pace with growing patient demand for acute care. Analysis of ED and inpatient supply should capture dynamic variations in patient demand. Our novel ‘beds pervisit’ metric offers improvements over traditional supply measures. PMID:28495813

  12. Enhanced Locomotor Activity Is Required to Exert Dietary Restriction-Dependent Increase of Stress Resistance in Drosophila.

    PubMed

    Ghimire, Saurav; Kim, Man Su

    2015-01-01

    Dietary restriction (DR) is known to be one of the most effective interventions to increase stress resistance, yet the mechanisms remain elusive. One of the most obvious DR-induced changes in phenotype is an increase in locomotor activity. Although it is conceptually perceivable that nutritional scarcity should prompt enhanced foraging behavior to garner additional dietary resources, the significance of enhanced movement activity has not been associated with the DR-dependent increase of stress resistance. In this study, we confirmed that flies raised on DR exhibited enhanced locomotive activity and increased stress resistance. Excision of fly wings minimized the DR-induced increase in locomotive activity, which resulted in attenuation of the DR-dependent increase of stress resistance. The possibility that wing clipping counteracts the DR by coercing flies to have more intake was ruled out since it did not induce any weight gain. Rather it was found that elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is enhanced by DR-induced upregulation of expression of antioxidant genes was significantly reduced by wing clipping. Collectively, our data suggests that DR increased stress resistance by increasing the locomotor activity, which upregulated expression of protective genes including, but not limited to, ROS scavenger system.

  13. Young adolescents' perceptions, patterns, and contexts of energy drink use. A focus group study.

    PubMed

    Costa, Beth M; Hayley, Alexa; Miller, Peter

    2014-09-01

    Caffeinated energy drinks (EDs) are purported to increase energy and improve performance, but have been associated with adverse health effects and death. EDs are popular among adolescents and young adults, yet little is known about their use among young adolescents. This study explored perceptions, patterns, and contexts of ED use in six focus groups with 40 adolescents aged 12-15 years from two regional Australian schools. A thematic analysis of the data was used to investigate knowledge about ED brands and content, ED use, reasons for ED use, physiological effects, and influences on ED use. Participants were familiar with EDs and most had used them at least once but had limited knowledge of ED ingredients, and some had difficulty differentiating them from soft and sports drinks. EDs were used as an alternative to other drinks, to provide energy, and in social contexts, and their use was associated with short-term physiological symptoms. Parents and advertising influenced participants' perceptions and use of EDs. These findings suggest young adolescents use EDs without knowing what they are drinking and how they are contributing to their personal risk of harm. The advertising, appeal, and use of EDs by adolescents appear to share similarities with alcohol and tobacco. Further research is needed to replicate and extend the current findings, informed by the lessons learned in alcohol research. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  14. Balanced nuclear and cytoplasmic activities of EDS1 are required for a complete plant innate immune response.

    PubMed

    García, Ana V; Blanvillain-Baufumé, Servane; Huibers, Robin P; Wiermer, Marcel; Li, Guangyong; Gobbato, Enrico; Rietz, Steffen; Parker, Jane E

    2010-07-01

    An important layer of plant innate immunity to host-adapted pathogens is conferred by intracellular nucleotide-binding/oligomerization domain-leucine rich repeat (NB-LRR) receptors recognizing specific microbial effectors. Signaling from activated receptors of the TIR (Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor)-NB-LRR class converges on the nucleo-cytoplasmic immune regulator EDS1 (Enhanced Disease Susceptibility1). In this report we show that a receptor-stimulated increase in accumulation of nuclear EDS1 precedes or coincides with the EDS1-dependent induction and repression of defense-related genes. EDS1 is capable of nuclear transport receptor-mediated shuttling between the cytoplasm and nucleus. By enhancing EDS1 export from inside nuclei (through attachment of an additional nuclear export sequence (NES)) or conditionally releasing EDS1 to the nucleus (by fusion to a glucocorticoid receptor (GR)) in transgenic Arabidopsis we establish that the EDS1 nuclear pool is essential for resistance to biotrophic and hemi-biotrophic pathogens and for transcriptional reprogramming. Evidence points to post-transcriptional processes regulating receptor-triggered accumulation of EDS1 in nuclei. Changes in nuclear EDS1 levels become equilibrated with the cytoplasmic EDS1 pool and cytoplasmic EDS1 is needed for complete resistance and restriction of host cell death at infection sites. We propose that coordinated nuclear and cytoplasmic activities of EDS1 enable the plant to mount an appropriately balanced immune response to pathogen attack.

  15. Effect of N-acetylcysteine on the early expression of inflammatory markers in the retina and plasma of diabetic rats

    PubMed Central

    Tsai, Gina Y; Cui, Jing Z; Syed, Husnain; Xia, Zhengyuan; Ozerdem, Ugur; McNeill, John H; Matsubara, Joanne A

    2014-01-01

    Purpose The aim of this study is to investigate markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in an early model of diabetic retinopathy, correlate retinal and plasma results and evaluate the influence of treatment by N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a free radical scavenger. Methods Four groups were studied: control (C), streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats (D), STZ rats following 8 weeks of NAC (DT), and control rats following 8 weeks of NAC (CT). Plasma levels of free 15-F2t-isoprostane (15-F-2t-IsoP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were obtained. Primary antibodies against macrophages (ED-1), microglia (Ox-42), pericytes (NG-2), endothelial and perivascular cells (IB-4), haem oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were used. Results Expression of NG-2 was robust in C, CT, DT, and mild in D. The intensity of IB-4 was higher in D and DT compared with the C and CT. Ox-42 and ED-1 expression was higher in the D than in the DT, C or CT. Expression of VEGF and HO-1 was non-specific across the four groups. Plasma levels of 15-F-2t-IsoP and TNF-α were higher in the D as compared with the C, CT and DT. SOD levels were lower in the D when compared with the C, CT and D. Conclusions Macrophage/microglia activation, pericyte loss and endothelial/perivascular cell changes occur early in the pathogenesis of DR. These changes are associated with an increase in plasma markers of oxidative stress and inflammation and are minimized by treatment with NAC. The results suggest that therapies that reduce free radicals will help minimize the early events in diabetic retinopathy in the STZ model. PMID:19723131

  16. Ain’t No Neuroscience Mountain High Enough: Experiences of a Neurogardener

    PubMed Central

    ABDULLAH, Jafri Malin

    2015-01-01

    16 years have passed since the idea was mooted in 1999 by five neurosurgeons in the corridors of Hotel Perdana, Kota Bharu. They were Dato’ Dr Johari Siregar Bin Adnan, Dato’ Professor Dr Ahmad Zubaidi Abdul Latif , Dr Azmin Kass Bin Rosman, Dato’ Dr Mohammed Saffari Bin Mohammed Haspani and Professor Dato’ Dr Jafri Malin Abdullah. They initiated the beginning of the first programme in Neurosurgery in Malaysia. The rest is history. PMID:26715890

  17. Development of Synthetic Catalysts for Peptide Bond Cleavage (Synthesis and Complete Kinetic Analysis of Compounds 6A, 7A, 8A).

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1987-08-05

    03824 Dr. Ronald Breslow Columbia University Departmont of Cemistry New York, NY 10027 Dr. James P. Colmen Department of Cmistry Stanford University...of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003 Dr. Harden M. McConnell Stanford Univesity Department of Cemistry Stanford, CA 94305 Dr. Kristin lowtmn Mertes...Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA 02139 Dr. J. H. Richards California Institute of Technology Division of Cemistry and Ch e.cal Engineering

  18. Environmental Impact Research Program: Visual Resources Assessment Procedure for US Army Corps of Engineers

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1988-03-01

    32264. Technical Monitors were Dr. John Bushman and Mr. David P. Buelow, OCE, and Mr. Dave Mathis, Water Resources Support Center, Fort Belvoir, Va. The...Manager for EIRP was Dr. Roger T. Saucier. Dr. John Harrison was Chief, EL. The report was written by Dr. Smardon, Dr. Palmer, Mr. Knopf, Ms. Grinde...Riverfront area will continue. Historic Mill District projects and establishment of the Riverside Parkway System will further unify S the Riverfront

  19. VizieR Online Data Catalog: KiDS-ESO-DR3 multi-band source catalog (de Jong+, 2017)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    de Jong, J. T. A.; Verdoes Kleijn, G. A.; Erben, T.; Hildebrandt, H.; Kuijken, K.; Sikkema, G.; Brescia, M.; Bilicki, M.; Napolitano, N. R.; Amaro, V.; Begeman, K. G.; Boxhoorn, D. R.; Buddelmeijer, H.; Cavuoti, S.; Getman, F.; Grado, A.; Helmich, E.; Huang, Z.; Irisarri, N.; La Barbera, F.; Longo, G.; McFarland, J. P.; Nakajima, R.; Paolillo, M.; Puddu, E.; Radovich, M.; Rifatto, A.; Tortora, C; Valentijn, E. A.; Vellucci, C.; Vriend, W-J.; Amon, A.; Blake, C.; Choi, A.; Fenech, Conti I.; Herbonnet, R.; Heymans, C.; Hoekstra, H.; Klaes, D.; Merten, J.; Miller, L.; Schneider, P.; Viola, M.

    2017-04-01

    KiDS-ESO-DR3 contains a multi-band source catalogue encompassing all publicly released tiles, a total of 440 survey tiles including the coadded images, weight maps, masks and source lists of 292 survey tiles of KiDS-ESO-DR3, adding to the 148 tiles released previously (50 in KiDS-ESO-DR1 and 98 in KiDS-ESO-DR2). (1 data file).

  20. Extending ORAC-DR for Offline Processing of ESO, INGRID, and Classic Cam data

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Currie, M. J.

    2004-07-01

    ORAC-DR--a flexible reduction pipeline---was originally developed by the Joint Astronomy Centre for real-time inspection of reduced data at its telescopes. Starlink is extending ORAC-DR to process at home institutions data from other observatories, notably ESO, whose instruments make no provision for ORAC-DR. I outline the problems encountered and solutions implemented or proposed to apply ORAC-DR to the infra-red instruments ISAAC, NACO, INGRID, and Classic~Cam.

  1. High Performance Embedded Computing Software Initiative (HPEC-SI)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2004-08-20

    models , methodologies, and standards i i i i i i i i i l i i i i l , l i , Slide-5 www.hpec-si.org MITRE AFRLMIT Lincoln...Linderman AFRL Dr. Richard Games MITRE Mr. John Grosh OSD Mr. Bob Graybill DARPA/ITO Dr. Keith Bromley SPAWAR Dr. Mark Richards GTRI Dr. Jeremy Kepner...Capt. Bergmann AFRL Dr. Tony Skjellum MPISoft ... Advanced Research Mr. Bob Graybill DARPA • Partnership with ODUSD(S&T), Government Labs, FFRDCs

  2. The use of mechanical ventilation in the ED.

    PubMed

    Easter, Benjamin D; Fischer, Christopher; Fisher, Jonathan

    2012-09-01

    Although EDs are responsible for the initial care of critically ill patients and the amount of critical care provided in the ED is increasing, there are few data examining mechanical ventilation (MV) in the ED. In addition, characteristics of ED-based ventilation may affect planning for ventilator shortages during pandemic influenza or bioterrorist events. The study examined the epidemiology of MV in US EDs, including demographic, clinical, and hospital characteristics; indications for MV; ED length of stay (LOS); and in-hospital mortality. This study was a retrospective review of the 1993 to 2007 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey ED data sets. Ventilated patients were compared with ED patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and to all other ED visits. There were 3.6 million ED MV visits (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.2-4.0 million) over the study period. Sex, age, race, and payment source were similar for mechanically ventilated and ICU patients (P > .05 for all). Approximately 12.5% of ventilated patients underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation compared with 1.7% of ICU admissions and 0.2% of all other ED visits (P < .0001). Accordingly, in-hospital mortality was significantly higher for ventilated patients (24%; 95% CI, 13.1%-34.9%) than both comparison groups (9.3% and 2.5%, respectively). Median LOS for ventilated patients was 197 minutes (interquartile range, 112-313 minutes) compared with 224 minutes for ICU admissions and 140 minutes for all other ED visits. Patients undergoing ED MV have particularly high in-hospital mortality rates, but their ED LOS is sufficient for implementation of evidence-based ventilator interventions. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  3. Emergency Department Involvement in Accountable Care Organizations in Massachusetts: A Survey Study.

    PubMed

    Ali, Nissa J; McWilliams, J Michael; Epstein, Stephen K; Smulowitz, Peter B

    2017-11-01

    We assess Massachusetts emergency department (ED) involvement and internal ED constructs within accountable care organization contracts. An online survey was distributed to 70 Massachusetts ED directors. Questions attempted to assess involvement of EDs in accountable care organizations and the structures in place in EDs-from departmental resources to physician incentives-to help achieve accountable care organization goals of decreasing spending and improving quality. Of responding ED directors, 79% reported alignment between the ED and an accountable care organization. Almost all ED groups (88%) reported bearing no financial risk as a result of the accountable care organization contracts in which their organizations participated. Major obstacles to meeting accountable care organization objectives included care coordination challenges (62%) and lack of familiarity with accountable care organization goals (58%). The most common cost-reduction strategies included ED case management (85%) and information technology (61%). Limitations of this study include that information was self-reported by ED directors, a focus limited to Massachusetts, and a survey response rate of 47%. The ED directors perceived that the majority of physicians were not familiar with accountable care organization goals, many challenges remain in coordinating care for patients in the ED, and most EDs have no financial incentives tied to accountable care organizations. EDs in Massachusetts have begun to implement strategies aimed at reducing admissions, utilization, and overall cost, but these strategies are not widespread apart from case management, even in a state with heavy accountable care organization penetration. Our results suggest that Massachusetts EDs still lack clear directives and direct involvement in meeting accountable care organization goals. Copyright © 2017 American College of Emergency Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  4. Pediatric Emergency Department Resource Utilization among Children with Primary Care Clinic Contact in the Preceding 2 Days: A Cross-Sectional Study.

    PubMed

    Grech, Christina K; Laux, Molly A; Burrows, Heather L; Macy, Michelle L; Pomeranz, Elaine S

    2017-09-01

    To characterize pediatric patient contacts with their primary care clinic in the 2 days preceding a visit to the emergency department (ED) and explore how the type of clinic contact relates to ED resource use. We conducted a retrospective chart review of 368 pediatric ED visits in the first 7 days of each month, from September 2012 to August 2013. Visits were included if the family contacted their child's general pediatric clinic in the study health system in the 2 days preceding the ED visit. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Primary outcomes were ED resource use (tests, treatments) and disposition (admission or discharge). Outcomes by type of clinic contact were compared with χ 2 statistics. Of 1116 records with ED visits in the 12 study weeks extracted from the electronic medical record, 368 ED visits met inclusion criteria. Most ED visits followed a single clinic contact (78.8%). Of the 474 clinic contacts, 149 were in-person visits, 216 phone calls when clinic was open, and 109 phone calls when clinic was closed. ED visits that followed an in-person clinic contact with advice to go to the ED had significantly greater rates of testing and admission than those advised to go to the ED after phone contact and those never advised to go to the ED. In-person clinic visits with advice to go to the ED were associated with the greatest ED resource use. Limitations include a study of a single health system without a uniform process for triaging patients to the ED across clinics. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  5. Why do children present to emergency departments? Exploring motivators and measures of presentation appropriateness for children presenting to a paediatric emergency department.

    PubMed

    Cheek, John A; Braitberg, George; Craig, Simon; West, Adam

    2017-05-01

    To compare the parental motivators and referring general practitioner's (GP's) reasons for advising emergency department (ED) attendance with the assessment of ED medical staff. To compare ED clinician opinion with other published methods that have attempted to define 'primary care suitable' presentations to the ED. A prospective observational study and series of surveys regarding the attendance of children presenting to a single tertiary paediatric ED. Surveys were distributed to the treating ED clinician, the child's parent/guardian, and the referring GP. Results between the three groups were analysed and compared. There were a total of 1069 presentations during the study period. Six hundred (58.4%, 95% CI 55.3-61.4%) presentations were judged as 'ED appropriate' by the treating ED clinician. When compared with methods used to retrospectively judge whether ED patients are considered 'primary care suitable', ED clinicians disagree between 22.4 and 38.8% of the time. For patients who presented directly to ED, 85.6% did so for a medical reason, whilst 32.1% did so for a GP access reason. Being referred by a GP improved the ED clinicians' opinion of the appropriateness of the presentation (49.2 vs. 73.9%, P < 0.05). We caution that many strategies attempting to 'solve' the issue of increasing ED attendances by paediatric patients have been driven by opinion, and a better understanding of the motivators that drive this behaviour is needed. We believe the solution to increasing utilisation of EDs by children must be a balanced approach that addresses community expectations and appropriately resources EDs. © 2017 Paediatrics and Child Health Division (The Royal Australasian College of Physicians).

  6. Prevalence, correlates, attitude and treatment seeking of erectile dysfunction among type 2 diabetic Chinese men attending primary care outpatient clinics

    PubMed Central

    Lo, Wai Hon; Fu, Sau Nga; Wong, Carlos King Ho; Chen, Ee San

    2014-01-01

    To investigate the prevalence, correlates, attitude and treatment seeking behavior of erectile dysfunction (ED) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in the primary care setting, a multi-center cross-sectional survey using a structured anonymous self-administered questionnaire was performed in 10 general outpatient clinics. Of the 603 subjects (91% response rate), the prevalence of ED men, as defined by the International Index of Erectile Function, was 79.1%. Most subjects had mild ED (28.9%), followed by mild-to-moderate ED (27.9%), then moderate ED (13.4%) and severe ED (9%). Nearly 55% of those with ED did not consider themselves as having ED. Less than 10% of them had ever sought medical treatment, although 76.1% of them wished to receive management from doctor(s) should they be diagnosed with ED. They considered the most important management from doctors to be clinical assessment (41.7%), followed by management of potential underlying cause (37.8%), referral to specialist (27.5%), education (23.9%), prescription of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (16.9%) and referral to counseling service (6.7%). The prevalence of ED was strongly associated with subjects who thought they had ED (odds ratio (OR) = 90.49 (20.00–409.48, P< 0.001)) and were from the older age group (OR = 1.043 (1.011–1.076, P = 0.008)). In conclusion, ED is highly prevalent among T2DM men. The majority of them wanted management from doctors should they have ED, but only a minority would actually voice out the request. Screening of ED among T2DM men using structural questionnaire allowed the diagnosis of more than half of the ED cases, which otherwise would have gone undiagnosed. PMID:24759587

  7. Treatment with agonistic DR3 antibody results in expansion of donor Tregs and reduced graft-versus-host disease

    PubMed Central

    Kim, Byung-Su; Nishikii, Hidekazu; Baker, Jeanette; Pierini, Antonio; Schneidawind, Dominik; Pan, Yuqiong; Beilhack, Andreas; Park, Chung-Gyu

    2015-01-01

    The paucity of regulatory T cells (Tregs) limits clinical translation to control aberrant immune reactions including graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Recent studies showed that the agonistic antibody to DR3 (αDR3) expanded CD4+FoxP3+ Tregs in vivo. We investigated whether treating donor mice with a single dose of αDR3 could alleviate acute GVHD in a MHC-mismatched bone marrow transplantation model. αDR3 induced selective proliferation of functional Tregs. CD4+ T cells isolated from αDR3-treated mice contained higher numbers of Tregs and were less proliferative to allogeneic stimuli. In vivo GVHD studies confirmed that Tregs from αDR3-treated donors expanded robustly and higher frequencies of Tregs within donor CD4+ T cells were maintained, resulting in improved survival. Conventional T cells derived from αDR3-treated donors showed reduced activation and proliferation. Serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IFNγ, IL-1β, and TNFα) and infiltration of donor T cells into GVHD target tissues (gastrointestinal tract and liver) were decreased. T cells from αDR3-treated donors retained graft-vs-tumor (GVT) effects. In conclusion, a single dose of αDR3 alleviates acute GVHD while preserving GVT effects by selectively expanding and maintaining donor Tregs. This novel strategy will facilitate the clinical application of Treg-based therapies. PMID:26063163

  8. Fast direct fourier reconstruction of radial and PROPELLER MRI data using the chirp transform algorithm on graphics hardware.

    PubMed

    Feng, Yanqiu; Song, Yanli; Wang, Cong; Xin, Xuegang; Feng, Qianjin; Chen, Wufan

    2013-10-01

    To develop and test a new algorithm for fast direct Fourier transform (DrFT) reconstruction of MR data on non-Cartesian trajectories composed of lines with equally spaced points. The DrFT, which is normally used as a reference in evaluating the accuracy of other reconstruction methods, can reconstruct images directly from non-Cartesian MR data without interpolation. However, DrFT reconstruction involves substantially intensive computation, which makes the DrFT impractical for clinical routine applications. In this article, the Chirp transform algorithm was introduced to accelerate the DrFT reconstruction of radial and Periodically Rotated Overlapping ParallEL Lines with Enhanced Reconstruction (PROPELLER) MRI data located on the trajectories that are composed of lines with equally spaced points. The performance of the proposed Chirp transform algorithm-DrFT algorithm was evaluated by using simulation and in vivo MRI data. After implementing the algorithm on a graphics processing unit, the proposed Chirp transform algorithm-DrFT algorithm achieved an acceleration of approximately one order of magnitude, and the speed-up factor was further increased to approximately three orders of magnitude compared with the traditional single-thread DrFT reconstruction. Implementation the Chirp transform algorithm-DrFT algorithm on the graphics processing unit can efficiently calculate the DrFT reconstruction of the radial and PROPELLER MRI data. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  9. MTB-DR-RIF 9G test: Detection and discrimination of tuberculosis and multi-drug resistant tuberculosis strains.

    PubMed

    Song, Keum-Soo; Nimse, Satish Balasaheb; Cho, Nam Hoon; Sung, Nackmoon; Kim, Hee-Jin; Yang, Jeongseong; Kim, Taisun

    2015-12-01

    This report describes the evaluation of the novel MTB-DR-RIF 9G test for the accurate detection and discrimination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis (MTB-DR-RIF) in the clinical samples. The procedure included the amplification of a nucleotide fragment of the rpoB gene of the MTB and MTB-DR-RIF strains and their hybridization with the immobilized probes. The MTB-DR-RIF 9G test was evaluated for its ability to detect and discriminate MTB and MTB-DR-RIF strains in 113 known clinical samples. The accuracy of the MTB-DR-RIF 9G test was determined by comparing its results with sequencing analysis and drug susceptibility testing. The sensitivity and specificity of the MTB-DR-RIF 9G test at 95% confidence interval were found to be 95.4% (89.5-98.5) and 100% (69.2-100), respectively. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the MTB-DR-RIF 9G test at 95% confidence interval were found to be 100% (85.0-95.9) and 66.7% (38.4-88.18), respectively. Sequencing analysis of all samples indicated that the mutations present in the regions identified with the MTB-DR-RIF 9G assay can be detected accurately. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  10. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Hummon, M.; Kiliccote, S.

    Demand response (DR) resources present a potentially important source of grid flexibility however, DR in grid models is limited by data availability and modeling complexity. This presentation focuses on the co-optimization of DR resources to provide energy and ancillary services in a production cost model of the Colorado "test system". We assume each DR resource can provide energy services by either shedding load or shifting its use between different times, as well as operating reserves: frequency regulation, contingency reserve, and flexibility (or ramping) reserve. There are significant variations in the availabilities of different types of DR resources, which affect bothmore » the operational savings as well as the revenue for each DR resource. The results presented include the system-wide avoided fuel and generator start-up costs as well as the composite revenue for each DR resource by energy and operating reserves.« less

  11. Diabetic Retinopathy: Vascular and Inflammatory Disease

    PubMed Central

    Semeraro, F.; Cancarini, A.; dell'Omo, R.; Rezzola, S.; Romano, M. R.; Costagliola, C.

    2015-01-01

    Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of visual impairment in the working-age population of the Western world. The pathogenesis of DR is complex and several vascular, inflammatory, and neuronal mechanisms are involved. Inflammation mediates structural and molecular alterations associated with DR. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the inflammatory pathways associated with DR are not completely characterized. Previous studies indicate that tissue hypoxia and dysregulation of immune responses associated with diabetes mellitus can induce increased expression of numerous vitreous mediators responsible for DR development. Thus, analysis of vitreous humor obtained from diabetic patients has made it possible to identify some of the mediators (cytokines, chemokines, and other factors) responsible for DR pathogenesis. Further studies are needed to better understand the relationship between inflammation and DR. Herein the main vitreous-related factors triggering the occurrence of retinal complication in diabetes are highlighted. PMID:26137497

  12. Peptide immunisation of HLA-DR-transgenic mice permits the identification of a novel HLA-DRbeta1*0101- and HLA-DRbeta1*0401-restricted epitope from p53.

    PubMed

    Rojas, José Manuel; McArdle, Stephanie E B; Horton, Roger B V; Bell, Matthew; Mian, Shahid; Li, Geng; Ali, Selman A; Rees, Robert C

    2005-03-01

    Because of the central role of CD4(+) T cells in antitumour immunity, the identification of the MHC class II-restricted peptides to which CD4(+) T cells respond has become a priority of tumour immunologists. Here, we describe a strategy permitting us to rapidly determine the immunogenicity of candidate HLA-DR-restricted peptides using peptide immunisation of HLA-DR-transgenic mice, followed by assessment of the response in vitro. This strategy was successfully applied to the reported haemaglutinin influenza peptide HA(307-319), and then extended to three candidate HLA-DR-restricted p53 peptides predicted by the evidence-based algorithm SYFPEITHI to bind to HLA-DRbeta1*0101 (HLA-DR1) and HLA-DRbeta1*0401 (HLA-DR4) molecules. One of these peptides, p53(108-122), consistently induced responses in HLA-DR1- and in HLA-DR4-transgenic mice. Moreover, this peptide was naturally processed by dendritic cells (DCs), and induced specific proliferation in the splenocytes of mice immunised with p53 cDNA, demonstrating that immune responses could be naturally mounted to the peptide. Furthermore, p53(108-122) peptide was also immunogenic in HLA-DR1 and HLA-DR4 healthy donors. Thus, the use of this transgenic model permitted the identification of a novel HLA-DR-restricted epitope from p53 and constitutes an attractive approach for the rapid identification of novel immunogenic MHC class II-restricted peptides from tumour antigens, which can ultimately be incorporated in immunotherapeutic protocols.

  13. Effects of Granular Control on Customers’ Perspective and Behavior with Automated Demand Response Systems

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Schetrit, Oren; Kim, Joyce; Yin, Rongxin

    2014-08-01

    Automated demand response (Auto-DR) is expected to close the loop between buildings and the grid by providing machine-to-machine communications to curtail loads without the need for human intervention. Hence, it can offer more reliable and repeatable demand response results to the grid than the manual approach and make demand response participation a hassle-free experience for customers. However, many building operators misunderstand Auto-DR and are afraid of losing control over their building operation. To ease the transition from manual to Auto-DR, we designed and implemented granular control of Auto-DR systems so that building operators could modify or opt out of individualmore » load-shed strategies whenever they wanted. This paper reports the research findings from this effort demonstrated through a field study in large commercial buildings located in New York City. We focused on (1) understanding how providing granular control affects building operators’ perspective on Auto-DR, and (2) evaluating the usefulness of granular control by examining their interaction with the Auto-DR user interface during test events. Through trend log analysis, interviews, and surveys, we found that: (1) the opt-out capability during Auto-DR events can remove the feeling of being forced into load curtailments and increase their willingness to adopt Auto-DR; (2) being able to modify individual load-shed strategies allows flexible Auto-DR participation that meets the building’s changing operational requirements; (3) a clear display of automation strategies helps building operators easily identify how Auto-DR is functioning and can build trust in Auto-DR systems.« less

  14. Ethnic differences in the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in persons with diabetes when first presenting at a diabetes clinic in South Africa.

    PubMed

    Thomas, Rebecca L; Distiller, Larry; Luzio, Stephen D; Chowdhury, Sharmistha Roy; Melville, Vanessa J; Kramer, Brian; Owens, David R

    2013-02-01

    To describe the prevalence and associated risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) within a multiethnic population at presentation to a diabetes clinic in South Africa. Retinal photography was conducted using a nonmydriatic digital camera without mydriasis and graded by one of three senior graders. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between any DR, referable DR, and clinical risk factors. A total of 1,537 persons with type 1 and 3,978 with type 2 diabetes were included. Prevalence of any DR in type 1 diabetes was 35.2% (background DR 26% and referable DR 9.2%) and in type 2 diabetes was 20.5% (14.1 and 6.4%, respectively). In type 1 diabetes, there was an increased risk of any DR in Asian Indians, whereas the risk of referable DR was increased for indigenous Africans compared with Caucasians. In type 2 diabetes, the risk was increased for all non-Caucasians compared with Caucasians. Longer duration of diabetes and elevated HbA(1c) were independently associated with any and referable DR in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, with the addition of hypertension and smoking in type 1 diabetes when adjusted for age at diagnosis of diabetes, sex, and ethnicity. The prevalence of DR in this population from South Africa was similar to that reported globally; however, ethnic differences were observed. Increasing duration of diabetes and poor glycemic control were the strongest risk factors associated with any and referable DR in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

  15. Exercise dependence as a mediator of the exercise and eating disorders relationship: a pilot study.

    PubMed

    Cook, Brian; Hausenblas, Heather; Crosby, Ross D; Cao, Li; Wonderlich, Stephen A

    2015-01-01

    Excessive exercise is a common feature of eating disorders (ED) and is associated with earlier ED onset, more ED symptoms, and higher persistence of ED behavior. Research indicates that exercise amount alone is not associated with ED. The purpose of this study was to investigate pathological attitudes and behaviors related to exercise (e.g., exercise dependence) as a mediator of the exercise and ED relationship. Participants were 43 women with an ED who completed measures of ED symptoms, exercise behavior, and exercise dependence. Analyses were conducted using the indirect bootstrapping method for examining mediation. Exercise dependence mediated the relationship between exercise and ED. This mediation model accounted for 14.34% of the variance in the relationship. Our results extend the literature by offering preliminary evidence of a psychological variable that may be a candidate for future interventions on the exercise and ED relationship. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  16. Understanding anthocyanin: Researcher and educator Dr. Ron Wrolstad

    USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

    This invited presentation is in honor of Dr. Ronald E. Wrolstad (Distinguished Professor Emeritus), recipient of the 2017 ACS AGFD Advancement of the Application of Agricultural and Food Chemistry Award. The talk will be a brief overview of Dr. Ronald E. Wrolstad’s research program and career; Dr. W...

  17. Observation of a Novel Low-Lying Excited State in Zinc Complexes.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1985-01-22

    Illinois 61801 Washington, D.C. 20375 Dr. W. M. Jackson Dr. George E. Walrafen Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry Howard University Howard ... University Washington, D.C. 20059 Washington, D.C. 20059 Dr. M. S. Wrighton Dr. Joe Brandelik Department of Chemistry AFWAL/AADO-1 Massachusetts

  18. Emergency Department Utilization Report to Decrease Visits by Pediatric Gastroenterology Patients.

    PubMed

    Lee, Jarone; Greenspan, Peter T; Israel, Esther; Katz, Aubrey; Fasano, Alessio; Kaafarani, Haytham M A; Linov, Pamela L; Raja, Ali S; Rao, Sandhya K

    2016-07-01

    Emergency department (ED) utilization is a major driver of health care costs. Specialist physicians have an important role in addressing ED utilization, especially at highly specialized, academic medical centers. We sought to investigate whether reporting of ED utilization to specialist physicians can decrease ED visits. This study analyzed an intervention to reduce ED utilization among ED patients who were followed by pediatric gastroenterologists. In May 2013, each pediatric gastroenterologist began receiving reports with rates of ED use by their patients. The reports generated discussion that resulted in a cultural and process change in which patients with urgent gastrointestinal (GI)-related complaints were preferentially seen in the office. Using control charts, we examined GI-related and all-diagnoses ED use over a 2-year period. The rate of GI-related ED visits decreased by 60% after the intervention, from 4.89 to 1.95 per 1000 office visits (P < .001). Similarly, rates of GI-related ED visits during office hours decreased by 59% from 2.19 to 0.89 per 1000 (P < .001). Rates of all-diagnoses ED visits did not change. Physician-level reporting of ED utilization to pediatric gastroenterologists was associated with physician engagement and a cultural and process change to preferentially treat patients with urgent issues in the office. Copyright © 2016 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

  19. Erectile Dysfunction Among Patients on Methadone Maintenance Therapy and Its Association With Quality of Life.

    PubMed

    Teoh, Joni Bing Fei; Yee, Anne; Danaee, Mahmoud; Ng, Chong Guan; Sulaiman, Ahmad Hatim Bin

    Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a problem commonly encountered by patients on methadone maintenance therapy (MMT). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of ED among this group of patients along with its risk factors and association with quality of life (QOL). Male patients on MMT in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia were included in the study. A total of 134 patients with sexual partners were assessed for ED using the International Index of Erectile Function. Patients were assessed for substance use using Opiate Treatment Index (OTI) and depression using the Malay version of the self-rated Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-BM). QOL was evaluated using World Health Organisation Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-BREF. The prevalence of ED among patients on MMT was 67%, with 26.1% having mild ED, 30.4% having mild-to-moderate ED, 7.0% having moderate ED, and 17.2% having severe ED. Patients with depression were 4 times more likely to have ED compared with patients without depression, whereas increasing age significantly correlated with the severity of ED. Having ED predicted a poorer QOL in the social relationships domain. Depression is highly associated with ED, which negatively influences the social aspect of QOL among patients on methadone maintenance therapy.

  20. Associations of work characteristics, employee strain and self-perceived quality of care in Emergency Departments: A cross-sectional study.

    PubMed

    Weigl, Matthias; Schneider, Anna

    2017-01-01

    The individual and shared effects of adverse work characteristics on patient care in Emergency Departments (ED) are yet not well understood. We investigated the associations of self-reported ED work characteristics, work-related strain, and perceived quality of care. Questionnaire-based survey with standardized measures among N=53 ED professionals (i.e., nurses, physicians, and administration staff). The study was conducted in the interdisciplinary ED of a German community hospital. A high prevalence of work-related strain was observed: 66.0% of ED professionals showed high levels of emotional exhaustion and 55.6% showed irritation scores above the cut-off value. ED staff reported high supervisor support and autonomy, paired with high time pressure and patient-related stressors. Multivariate analyses revealed that high time pressure and low supervisor support were associated with high work-related strain. Low staffing was related to inferior quality of ED care. ED work systems involve high competing demands for ED professionals with substantial risks for work-related strain. Moreover, adverse ED work characteristics comprise risks for high quality patient care. Our results suggest that promoting work characteristics might foster ED staff functioning on the job as well as improve ED patient care. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  1. Alcohol Mixed with Energy Drinks: Daily Context of Use.

    PubMed

    Linden-Carmichael, Ashley N; Lau-Barraco, Cathy

    2017-04-01

    The link between use of alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmEDs) and alcohol-related harms is well established, but limited research has examined the context in which AmEDs are consumed. Identifying the social and environmental characteristics of use may illuminate whether AmEDs are used in settings that could increase the likelihood of engaging in risky behaviors or experiencing harms. This study used a 2-week daily diary assessment to compare days in which AmEDs were consumed ("AmED days") and days where other types of alcohol were used ("non-AmED days") on where, when, and with whom drinking occurred. Participants were 122 (90 women) heavy drinking college students who reported mixing caffeine with alcohol at least once in the past week. Data were collected across 389 drinking days; 40 of these days involved AmED use. Multilevel modeling findings revealed that odds of drinking AmEDs were higher on days where individuals drank at a bar or club and drank at home relative to other locations. In addition, odds of pregaming were higher on AmED days as compared to non-AmED days. AmED use was linked with lower odds of drinking game behavior. Overall, AmEDs appear to be consumed in potentially risky contexts. In combination with prior findings that AmED days are linked with heavier alcohol use and more harms experienced, these findings support the unique nature of AmED consumption in terms of the factors that may predict or maintain potentially hazardous drinking patterns. Copyright © 2017 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.

  2. Low caregiver health literacy is associated with higher pediatric emergency department use and nonurgent visits.

    PubMed

    Morrison, Andrea K; Schapira, Marilyn M; Gorelick, Marc H; Hoffmann, Raymond G; Brousseau, David C

    2014-01-01

    We sought to determine the association between low caregiver health literacy and child emergency department (ED) use, both the number and urgency of ED visits. This year long cross-sectional study utilized the Newest Vital Sign questionnaire to measure the health literacy of caregivers accompanying children to a pediatric ED. Prior ED visits were extracted from a regional database. ED visit urgency was classified by resources utilized during the index ED visit. Regression analyses were used to model 2 outcomes-prior ED visits and ED visit urgency-stratified by chronic illness. Analyses were weighted by triage level. Overall, 503 caregivers completed the study; 55% demonstrated low health literacy. Children of caregivers with low health literacy had more prior ED visits (adjusted incidence rate ratio 1.5; 95% confidence interval 1.2, 1.8) and increased odds of a nonurgent index ED visit (adjusted odds ratio 2.4; 95% confidence interval 1.3, 4.4). Among children without chronic illness, low caregiver health literacy was associated with an increased proportion of nonurgent index ED visits (48% vs. 22%; adjusted odds ratio 3.2; 1.8, 5.7). Over half of caregivers presenting with their children to the ED have low health literacy. Low caregiver health literacy is an independent predictor of higher ED use and use of the ED for nonurgent conditions. In children without a chronic illness, low health literate caregivers had more than 3 times greater odds of presenting for a nonurgent condition than those with adequate health literacy. Copyright © 2014 Academic Pediatric Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  3. National Survey of Preventive Health Services in US Emergency Departments

    PubMed Central

    Delgado, M. Kit; Acosta, Colleen D.; Ginde, Adit A.; Wang, N. Ewen; Strehlow, Matthew C.; Khandwala, Yash S.; Camargo, Carlos A.

    2012-01-01

    Study objective We describe the availability of preventive health services in US emergency departments (EDs), as well as ED directors’ preferred service and perceptions of barriers to offering preventive services. Methods Using the 2007 National Emergency Department Inventory (NEDI)–USA, we randomly sampled 350 (7%) of 4,874 EDs. We surveyed directors of these EDs to determine the availability of (1) screening and referral programs for alcohol, tobacco, geriatric falls, intimate partner violence, HIV, diabetes, and hypertension; (2) vaccination programs for influenza and pneumococcus; and (3) linkage programs to primary care and health insurance. ED directors were asked to select the service they would most like to implement and to rate 5 potential barriers to offering preventive services. Results Two hundred seventy-seven EDs (80%) responded across 46 states. Availability of services ranged from 66% for intimate partner violence screening to 19% for HIV screening. ED directors wanted to implement primary care linkage most (17%) and HIV screening least (2%). ED directors “agreed/strongly agreed” that the following are barriers to ED preventive care: cost (74%), increased patient length of stay (64%), lack of follow-up (60%), resource shifting leading to worse patient outcomes (53%), and philosophical opposition (27%). Conclusion Most US EDs offer preventive services, but availability and ED director preference for type of service vary greatly. The majority of EDs do not routinely offer Centers for Disease Control and Prevention–recommended HIV screening. Most ED directors are not philosophically opposed to offering preventive services but are concerned with added costs, effects on ED operations, and potential lack of follow-up. PMID:20889237

  4. Low Caregiver Health Literacy is Associated with Higher Pediatric Emergency Department Use and Non-urgent Visits

    PubMed Central

    Morrison, Andrea K.; Schapira, Marilyn M.; Gorelick, Marc H.; Hoffmann, Raymond G.; Brousseau, David C.

    2014-01-01

    Objective We sought to determine the association between low caregiver health literacy and child emergency department (ED) use, both the number and urgency of ED visits. Methods This year long cross-sectional study utilized the Newest Vital Sign to measure the health literacy of caregivers accompanying children to a pediatric ED. Prior ED visits were extracted from a regional database. ED visit urgency was classified by resources utilized during the index ED visit. Regression analyses were used to model the outcomes: 1) prior ED visits and 2) ED visit urgency, stratified by chronic illness. Analyses were weighted by triage level. Results Overall, 503 caregivers completed the study; 55% demonstrated low health literacy. Children of caregivers with low health literacy had more prior ED visits (aIRR 1.5; 95% C.I.1.2, 1.8) and increased odds of a non-urgent index ED visit (AOR 2.4; 1.3, 4.4). Among children without chronic illness, low caregiver health literacy was associated with an increased proportion of non-urgent index ED visits (48% vs 22%; AOR 3.2; 1.8, 5.7). Conclusions Over half of caregivers presenting with their children to the ED have low health literacy. Low caregiver health literacy is an independent predictor of higher ED use and use of the ED for non-urgent conditions. In children without a chronic illness, low health literate caregivers had more than three times great odds of presenting for a non-urgent condition than those with adequate health literacy. PMID:24767784

  5. TaEDS1 genes positively regulate resistance to powdery mildew in wheat.

    PubMed

    Chen, Guiping; Wei, Bo; Li, Guoliang; Gong, Caiyan; Fan, Renchun; Zhang, Xiangqi

    2018-04-01

    Three EDS1 genes were cloned from common wheat and were demonstrated to positively regulate resistance to powdery mildew in wheat. The EDS1 proteins play important roles in plant basal resistance and TIR-NB-LRR protein-triggered resistance in dicots. Until now, there have been very few studies on EDS1 in monocots, and none in wheat. Here, we report on three common wheat orthologous genes of EDS1 family (TaEDS1-5A, 5B and 5D) and their function in powdery mildew resistance. Comparisons of these genes with their orthologs in diploid ancestors revealed that EDS1 is a conserved gene family in Triticeae. The cDNA sequence similarity among the three TaEDS1 genes was greater than 96.5%, and they shared sequence similarities of more than 99.6% with the respective orthologs from diploid ancestors. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the EDS1 family originated prior to the differentiation of monocots and dicots, and EDS1 members have since undergone clear structural differentiation. The transcriptional levels of TaEDS1 genes in the leaves were obviously higher than those of the other organs, and they were induced by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) infection and salicylic acid (SA) treatment. The BSMV-VIGS experiments indicated that knock-down the transcriptional levels of the TaEDS1 genes in a powdery mildew-resistant variety of common wheat compromised resistance. Contrarily, transient overexpression of TaEDS1 genes in a susceptible common wheat variety significantly reduced the haustorium index and attenuated the growth of Bgt. Furthermore, the expression of TaEDS1 genes in the Arabidopsis mutant eds1-1 complemented its susceptible phenotype to powdery mildew. The above evidences strongly suggest that TaEDS1 acts as a positive regulator and confers resistance against powdery mildew in common wheat.

  6. Analysis of patient flow in the emergency department and the effect of an extensive reorganisation

    PubMed Central

    Miro, O; Sanchez, M; Espinosa, G; Coll-Vinent, B; Bragulat, E; Milla, J; Wardrope, J

    2003-01-01

    Objectives: To evaluate the different internal factors influencing patient flow, effectiveness, and overcrowding in the emergency department (ED), as well as the effects of ED reorganisation on these indicators. Methods: The study compared measurements at regular intervals of three hours of patient arrivals and patient flow between two comparable periods (from 10 February to 2 March) of 1999 and 2000. In between, a structural and staff reorganisation of ED was undertaken. The main reason for each patient remaining in ED was recorded and allocated to one of four groups: (1) factors related to ED itself ; (2) factors related to ED-hospital interrelation; (3) factors related to hospital itself; and (4) factors related to neither ED nor hospital. The study measured the number of patients waiting to be seen and the waiting time to be seen as effectiveness markers, as well as the percentage of time that ED was overcrowded, as judged by numerical and functional criteria. Results: Effectiveness of ED was closely related with some ED related and hospital related factors. After the reorganisation, patients who remained in ED because of hospital related or non-ED-non-hospital related factors decreased. ED reorganisation reduced the number of patients waiting to be seen from 5.8 to 2.5 (p<0.001) and waiting time from 87 to 24 minutes (p<0.001). Before the reorganisation, 31% and 48% of the time was considered to be overcrowded in numerical and functional terms respectively. After the reorganisation, these figures were reduced to 8% and 15% respectively (p<0.001 for both). Conclusions: ED effectiveness and overcrowding are not only determined by external pressure, but also by internal factors. Measurement of patient flow across ED has proved useful in detecting these factors and in being used to plan an ED reorganisation. PMID:12642527

  7. Goldie Brangman Remembers the Operation to Save Dr King.

    PubMed

    Koch, Evan; Brangman, Goldie

    2015-12-01

    In September 1958 the Rev Dr Martin Luther King Jr was stabbed and nearly assassinated. Surgeons at Harlem Hospital in New York City removed a 17.8-cm (7-in)-long letter opener from Dr King's chest. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist Goldie Brangman remembers this event because she participated in Dr King's anesthetic. This article correlates Brangman's memories with published accounts of the event. It also places the event within the context of the modern civil rights movement that Dr King led.

  8. A Comparison of the Effects of Random Versus Fixed Order of Item Presentation Via the Computer

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-02-01

    Copies) Dr. Hans Crombag Dr. Stephen Dunbar University of Leyden Lindquist Center Education Research Center for Measurement Boerhaavelaan 2 University of...Iowa 2334 EN Leyden Iowa City, IA 52242 The NETHERLANDS Dr. James A. Earles Dr. Timothy Davey Air Force Human Resources Lab Educational Testing...Montague 4401 Ford Avenue NPRDC Code 13 P.O. Box 16268 San Diego, CA 92152-6800 Alexandria, VA 22302-0268 Ms. Kathleen Moreno Dr..William L. Maloy

  9. Guidon-Watch: A Graphic Interface for Viewing a Knowledge-Based System.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1985-08-01

    Research Center Department of the Navy University of Illinois Boerhaavelaan 2 Washington, DO 20350-1000 Department of Cmpuer Science2334 EN Leyden 1304...Dr. William L. Maloy 270 Crown Street Pittsburgh, PA 15213 Chief of Naval Education New Haven, CT 06510 and Training Dr. Kathleen IaPiana Naval Air...Mclean, VA 22102 1250 West 6th Street Campus Box 345 San Diego, CA 92101 Boulder, CO 8D302 Dr. Aan M. lesgoldlearning M.D Center Dr. Kathleen McKeown Dr

  10. Turbulence Model Comparisons for Shear Layers and Axisymmetric Jets.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1979-10-01

    Fishburne 1 1101 State Road, Bldg : Calspan Corporation Princeton, NJ 08540 Attn: Dr. Dnnald W. Boyer I Dr. Paul V. Marrone I Grumman /Bethpage Dr. Walter...H. Wurster 1 Grumman Aerospace, Inc. PO Box 400 Attn: Dr. Paul D. Del Guidice 1 Buffalo, NY 14221 Dr. Stanley Rudman 1 S. Oyster Bay Road Physics...Naval Air Systems Command PO Box 516 Mr. William Volz 1 St. Louis, MO 63166 Air 320-C, JP-l Washington, DC 20361 Northrop Corporation Electro-Mechanical

  11. Effects of Whole and Partial Body Exposure to Dry Heat on Certain Performance Measures.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1981-05-01

    Robert Bachert who assisted with the statistical analyses; and he acknowledges the support of the Lite Mr. George C. Frost for his advice on the...of the study and interpretation of data: Dr. Arthur L Dudycha, Dr. Barry H. Kantowitz, Dr. N. M. Downie, Dr. Ernest J. McCormick, and Dr. Robert D...D., Summers, W. C., & Smedley , D. C., November 1974, Evaluation of a water- cooled helmet liner (AMRL-TR-74-135). Aerospace Medical Research

  12. Ultra-Wideband, Fully Polarimetric Ground Penetrating Radar for UXO Discrimination

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-05-01

    principal investigator (PI) was Dr. Kevin O’Neill of ERDC, with the OSU-ESL’s Dr. Chi-Chih Chen as Co-PI. Dr. Chen was at the heart of the project at...provided by Professor Robert Lee of the OSU Department of Electrical Engineering and by his students, including Kishore Rama Rao and Kwan -Ho Lee. Dr...901 North Stuart Street Suite 303 Arlington, VA 22203 703-696-3826 703-696-2114 Anne.Andrews@osd.mil ESTCP UXO Program Manager Dr. Kevin

  13. The Differential Vector Phase-Locked Loop for Global Navigation Satellite System Signal Tracking

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-06-01

    DAF Approved: //signed// John F. Raquet, PhD (Chairman) //signed// Mark E. Oxley, PhD (Member) //signed// Maj Marshall E. Haker , PhD (Member) 16 May...busy as you keep yourself. Dr. Mark Oxley and Dr. Marshall Haker for your sage guidance as members of my committee. Dr. Ken Fisher for making Kalman...Raquet, Dr. Marshall Haker , and Mr. Ben Downing at AFIT, following notes for Dr. Raquet’s Advanced GPS Receiver Design class. The second type was RINEX

  14. An Interpolation Procedure to Patch Holes in a Ground and Flight Test Data Base (MARS)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-08-01

    FAIRFAX VA 22030 DR N RAO CHAGANTY 1 DEPT OF MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY HAMPTON BLVD NORFOLK VA 23529 DR SAID E SAID 1 DEPT OF...DR EDWARD R SCHEINERMAN 1 DEPT OF MATHEMATICS JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY 104 WHITEHEAD HALL BALTIMORE MD 21218 DR BENJAMIN KADEM 1 DEPT OF MATHEMATICS ... ACTUARIAL SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA 241 SCHAEFFER HALL IOWA CITY IA 52242-1409 DR JOHN E BOYER 1 DEPT OF STATISTICS KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY DICKENS HALL

  15. Wernher von Braun

    NASA Image and Video Library

    1958-01-31

    Jet Propulsion Laboratory Director Dr. James Pickering, Dr. James van Allen of the State University of Iowa, and Army Ballistic missionile Agency Technical Director Dr. Wernher von Braun triumphantly display a model of the Explorer I, America's first satellite, shortly after the satellite's launch on January 31, 1958. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory packed and tested the payload, a radiation detection experiment designed by Dr. van Allen. Dr. von Braun's rocket team at Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama, developed the Juno I launch vehicle, a modified Jupiter-C.

  16. Eating disorder-specific health-related quality of life and exercise in college females.

    PubMed

    Cook, Brian J; Hausenblas, Heather A

    2011-11-01

    Although eating disorder (ED) symptoms result in reduced quality of life (QOL), research is needed to examine variables that influence this relationship. The purpose of our study was to conceptually examine the relationship among ED-specific QOL, ED symptoms, and exercise behavior. Female university students (N = 387) completed ED-specific QOL, exercise behavior, ED symptoms, and exercise dependence symptoms measures. We found support for the beneficial association of psychological QOL on ED symptoms as well as the detrimental association of exercise dependence on ED symptoms. Our results suggest that improvements in psychological aspects of QOL resulting from exercise may mediate ED symptoms when exercise motivations are not pathological. We discuss further research and intervention implications of our findings.

  17. Affective predictors of the severity and change in eating psychopathology in residential eating disorder treatment: The role of social anxiety.

    PubMed

    Smith, Kathryn E; Mason, Tyler B; Leonard, Rachel C; Wetterneck, Chad T; Smith, Brad E R; Farrell, Nicholas R; Riemann, Brad C

    2018-01-01

    Despite evidence documenting relationships between eating disorder (ED) psychopathology, depression, and anxiety, little is known regarding how social anxiety is related to ED symptoms in treatment. Therefore this study examined associations between depression, general anxiety, social anxiety, and ED psychopathology at the beginning and end of treatment (EOT) among patients (N = 380) treated in a residential ED program. Participants completed measures of ED psychopathology and affective variables. Higher depression and general anxiety, but not social anxiety, were related to higher ED psychopathology at baseline. However, social anxiety emerged as a unique predictor of ED psychopathology at EOT such that participants with higher social anxiety evidenced less improvement in ED psychopathology. Findings suggest that social anxiety has specific relevance to treatment in EDs, which may reflect shared mechanisms and underlying deficits in emotion regulation.

  18. Antenatal and Postnatal Psychopathology Among Women with Current and Past Eating Disorders: Longitudinal Patterns

    PubMed Central

    Easter, Abigail; Solmi, Francessca; Bye, Amanda; Taborelli, Emma; Corfield, Freya; Schmidt, Ulrike; Treasure, Janet; Micali, Nadia

    2015-01-01

    This study aims to investigate longitudinal patterns of psychopathology during the antenatal and postnatal periods among women with current (C-ED) and past (P-ED) eating disorders. Women were recruited to a prospective longitudinal study: C-ED (n = 31), P-ED (n = 29) and healthy control (HC; n = 57). Anxiety, depression and ED symptoms were measured at four time points: first/second trimester, third trimester, 8 weeks and 6 months postpartum. Linear mixed effects models were used to test for group differences. Women with C-ED and P-ED, in all diagnostic categories, had significantly higher levels of psychopathology at all time points. ED symptoms decreased in the C-ED group, compared with an overall increase in the other two groups but subsequently increased after pregnancy. Overall, depression and state and trait anxiety scores decreased in the C-ED group compared with the HC group throughout the antenatal and postnatal periods. High levels of psychopathology are common throughout the antenatal and postnatal periods among women with current and past ED, and despite some overall reductions, symptoms remain clinically significant. © 2014 The Authors. European Eating Disorders Review published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. PMID:25345371

  19. Attitudes and beliefs of emergency department staff regarding alcohol-related presentations.

    PubMed

    Indig, Devon; Copeland, Jan; Conigrave, Katherine M; Rotenko, Irene

    2009-01-01

    This study examined emergency department (ED) staff attitudes and beliefs about alcohol-related ED presentations in order to recommend improved detection and brief intervention strategies. The survey was conducted at two inner-Sydney hospital EDs in 2006 to explore ED clinical staff's attitudes, current practice and barriers for managing alcohol-related ED presentations. The sample included N=78 ED staff (54% nurses, 46% doctors), representing a 30% response rate. Management of alcohol-related problems was not routine among ED staff, with only 5% usually formally screening for alcohol problems, only 16% usually conducting brief interventions, and only 27% usually providing a referral to specialist treatment services. Over 85% of ED staff indicated that lack of patient motivation made providing alcohol interventions very difficult. Significant predictors of good self-reported practice among ED staff for patients with alcohol problems included: being a doctor, being confident and having a sense of responsibility towards managing patients with alcohol-related problems. This study reported that many staff lack the confidence or sense of clinical responsibility to fully and appropriately manage ED patients with alcohol-related problems. ED staff appear to require additional training, resources and support to enhance their management of patients with alcohol-related problems.

  20. Ambient versus traditional environment in pediatric emergency department.

    PubMed

    Robinson, Patricia S; Green, Jeanette

    2015-01-01

    We sought to examine the effect of exposure to an ambient environment in a pediatric emergency department. We hypothesized that passive distraction from ambient lighting in an emergency department would lead to reduction in patient pain and anxiety and increased caregiver satisfaction with services. Passive distraction has been associated with lower anxiety and pain in patients and affects perception of wait time. A pediatric ED was designed that optimized passive distraction techniques using colorful ambient lighting. Participants were nonrandomly assigned to either an ambient ED environment or a traditional ED environment. Entry and exit questionnaires assessed caregiver expectations and experiences. Pain ratings were obtained with age-appropriate scales, and wait times were recorded. A total of 70 participants were assessed across conditions, that is, 40 in the ambient ED group and 30 in the traditional ED group. Caregivers in the traditional ED group expected a longer wait, had higher anxiety pretreatment, and felt more scared than those in the ambient ED group. Caregivers in the ambient ED group felt more included in the care of their child and rated quality of care higher than caregivers in the traditional ED group. Pain ratings and administrations of pain medication were lower in the ambient ED group. Mean scores for the ambient ED group were in the expected direction on several items measuring satisfaction with ED experiences. Results were suggestive of less stress in caregivers, less pain in patients, and higher satisfaction levels in the ambient ED group. © The Author(s) 2015.

  1. Analysis of Consumption of Energy Drinks by a Group of Adolescent Athletes.

    PubMed

    Nowak, Dariusz; Jasionowski, Artur

    2016-07-29

    Energy drinks (EDs) have become widely popular among young adults and, even more so, among adolescents. Increasingly, they are consumed by athletes, particularly those who have just begun their sporting career. Uncontrolled and high consumption of EDs, in addition to other sources of caffeine, may pose a threat to the health of young people. Hence, our objective was to analyze the consumption of EDs among teenagers engaged in sports, including quantity consumed, identification of factors influencing consumption, and risks associated with EDs and EDs mixed with alcohol (AmEDs). The study involved a specially designed questionnaire, which was completed by 707 students, 14.3 years of age on average, attending secondary sports schools. EDs were consumed by 69% of the young athletes, 17% of whom drank EDs quite often: every day or 1-3 times a week. Most respondents felt no effects after drinking EDs, but some reported symptoms, including insomnia, anxiety, tachycardia, nervousness and irritability. The major determinant of the choice of EDs was taste (47%), followed by price (21%). One in ten respondents admitted to consumption of AmEDs. Among the consequences reported were: abdominal pains, nausea, vomiting, amnesia, headache, and hangover. EDs consumption among adolescent athletes was relatively high. Considering the habit of AmEDs and literature data, it is worth emphasizing that it may lead to health problems in the near future, alcohol- or drug-dependence, as well as other types of risk behaviour.

  2. Cost of health care utilization among homeless frequent emergency department users.

    PubMed

    Mitchell, Matthew S; León, Casey L K; Byrne, Thomas H; Lin, Wen-Chieh; Bharel, Monica

    2017-05-01

    Research demonstrates that homelessness is associated with frequent use of emergency department (ED) services, yet prior studies have not adequately examined the relationship between frequent ED use and utilization of non-ED health care services among those experiencing homelessness. There has also been little effort to assess heterogeneity among homeless individuals who make frequent use of ED services. To address these gaps, the present study used Medicaid claims data from 2010 to estimate the association between the number of ED visits and non-ED health care costs for a cohort of 6,338 Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program patients, and to identify distinct subgroups of persons in this cohort who made frequent use of ED services based on their clinical and demographic characteristics. A series of gamma regression models found more frequent ED use to be associated with higher non-ED costs, even after adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics. Latent class analysis was used to examine heterogeneity among frequent ED users, and the results identified 6 characteristically distinct subgroups among these persons. The subgroup of persons with trimorbid illness had non-ED costs that far exceeded members of all 5 other subgroups. Study findings reinforce the connection between frequent ED use and high health care costs among homeless individuals and suggest that different groups of homeless frequent ED users may benefit from interventions that vary in terms of their composition and intensity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

  3. Analysis of Consumption of Energy Drinks by a Group of Adolescent Athletes

    PubMed Central

    Nowak, Dariusz; Jasionowski, Artur

    2016-01-01

    Background: Energy drinks (EDs) have become widely popular among young adults and, even more so, among adolescents. Increasingly, they are consumed by athletes, particularly those who have just begun their sporting career. Uncontrolled and high consumption of EDs, in addition to other sources of caffeine, may pose a threat to the health of young people. Hence, our objective was to analyze the consumption of EDs among teenagers engaged in sports, including quantity consumed, identification of factors influencing consumption, and risks associated with EDs and EDs mixed with alcohol (AmEDs). Methods: The study involved a specially designed questionnaire, which was completed by 707 students, 14.3 years of age on average, attending secondary sports schools. Results: EDs were consumed by 69% of the young athletes, 17% of whom drank EDs quite often: every day or 1–3 times a week. Most respondents felt no effects after drinking EDs, but some reported symptoms, including insomnia, anxiety, tachycardia, nervousness and irritability. The major determinant of the choice of EDs was taste (47%), followed by price (21%). One in ten respondents admitted to consumption of AmEDs. Among the consequences reported were: abdominal pains, nausea, vomiting, amnesia, headache, and hangover. Conclusions: EDs consumption among adolescent athletes was relatively high. Considering the habit of AmEDs and literature data, it is worth emphasizing that it may lead to health problems in the near future, alcohol- or drug-dependence, as well as other types of risk behaviour. PMID:27483299

  4. Travel distance and sociodemographic correlates of potentially avoidable emergency department visits in California, 2006-2010: an observational study.

    PubMed

    Chen, Brian K; Hibbert, James; Cheng, Xi; Bennett, Kevin

    2015-03-21

    Use of the hospital emergency department (ED) for medical conditions not likely to require immediate treatment is a controversial topic. It has been faulted for ED overcrowding, increased expenditures, and decreased quality of care. On the other hand, such avoidable ED utilization may be a manifestation of barriers to primary care access. A random 10% subsample of all ED visits with unmasked variables, or approximately 7.2% of all ED visits in California between 2006 and 2010 are used in the analysis. Using panel data methods, we employ linear probability and fractional probit models with hospital fixed effects to analyze the associations between avoidable ED utilization in California and observable patient characteristics. We also test whether shorter estimated road distances to the hospital ED are correlated with non-urgent ED utilization, as defined by the New York University ED Algorithm. We then investigate whether proximity of a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) is correlated with reductions in non-urgent ED utilization among Medicaid patients. We find that relative to the reference group of adults aged 35-64, younger patients generally have higher scores for non-urgent conditions and lower scores for urgent conditions. However, elderly patients (≥65) use the ED for conditions more likely to be urgent. Relative to male and white patients, respectively, female patients and all identified racial and ethnic minorities use the ED for conditions more likely to be non-urgent. Patients with non-commercial insurance coverage also use the ED for conditions more likely to be non-urgent. Medicare and Medicaid patients who live closer to the hospital ED have higher probability scores for non-emergent visits. However, among Medicaid enrollees, those who live in zip codes with an FQHC within 0.5 mile of the zip code population centroid visit the ED for medical conditions less likely to be non-emergent. These patterns of ED utilization point to potential barriers to care among historically vulnerable groups, observable even when using rough estimates of travel distances and avoidable ED utilization.

  5. Analysis of Inappropriate Admissions of Residents of Medicalized Nursing Homes to Emergency Departments: A Prospective Multicenter Study in Burgundy.

    PubMed

    Manckoundia, Patrick; Menu, Didier; Turcu, Alin; Honnart, Didier; Rossignol, Sylvie; Alixant, Jean-Christophe; Sylvestre, Franck-Henry; Bailly, Vanessa; Dion, Michèle; Putot, Alain

    2016-07-01

    To determine the rate of inappropriate admissions to emergency departments (EDs) and to identify determinants of these admissions. Prospective multicenter study. Burgundy (France), EDs and medical nursing homes (MNHs). 1000 Burgundy MNH residents admitted to EDs, from April 17 to June 20, 2013. For each subject, a questionnaire was completed. Data included age, gender, type of health professional who referred the resident to the ED (THP), whether or not a medical dispatcher organized the transfer to the ED, transport mode, reason for admission to the ED, level of independence according to the Groupes Iso-Ressource score (GIRS), and diagnosis made in the ED. The French version of the Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol grid was applied to each admission to the ED, and in some situations, the expert committee ruled on the appropriateness of the admission to the ED. MNH characteristics were also recorded. Two groups were constituted according to the appropriateness or not of admission to the ED. Mean age of the 1000 residents was 87. There were 706 women. Two-thirds were referred to the EDs by a physician, mainly a general practitioner. In 91.7%, the transfer to the ED was organized by a medical dispatcher, and 8.8% were transported by medicalized transport. More than 95% had a GIRS ≤4. Among the admissions to EDs, 18.1% were inappropriate. Female gender (P = .017), nonmedicalized transport (P = .002), public MNH (P = .044), and nonaccess to a geriatric opinion in an emergency (P = .043) were determinants of inappropriate admission to EDs. In this first study on admissions to EDs of MNH residents using French data, we found a lower rate of admissions to the ED than that reported in the literature. Female gender, nonmedicalized transport, public MNH, and nonaccess to a geriatric opinion in an emergency were associated with inappropriate admission to EDs. Copyright © 2016 AMDA – The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  6. Portrait of rural emergency departments in Québec and utilization of the provincial emergency department management Guide: cross sectional survey.

    PubMed

    Fleet, Richard; Poitras, Julien; Archambault, Patrick; Tounkara, Fatoumata Korika; Chauny, Jean-Marc; Ouimet, Mathieu; Gauthier, Josée; Dupuis, Gilles; Tanguay, Alain; Lévesque, Jean-Frédéric; Simard-Racine, Geneviève; Haggerty, Jeannie; Légaré, France

    2015-12-23

    Rural emergency departments (EDs) constitute crucial safety nets for the 20% of Canadians who live in rural areas. Pilot data suggests that the province of Québec appears to provide more comprehensive access to services than do other provinces. A difference that may be attributable to provincial policy/guidelines "the provincial ED management Guide". The aim of this study was to provide a detailed description of rural EDs in Québec and utilization of the provincial ED management Guide. We selected EDs offering 24/7 medical coverage, with hospitalization beds, located in rural or small towns. We collected data via telephone, paper, and online surveys with rural ED/hospital staff. Data were also collected from Québec's Ministry of Health databases and from Statistics Canada. We computed descriptive statistics, ANOVA and t-tests were used to examine the relationship between ED census, services and inter-facility transfer requirements. A total of 23 of Québec's 26 rural EDs (88%) consented to participate in the study. The mean annual ED visits was 18 813 (Standard Deviation = 6 151). Thirty one percent of ED physicians were recent graduates with fewer than 5 years of experience. Only 6 % had residency training or certification in emergency medicine. Teams have good local access (24/7) to diagnostic equipment such as CT scanner (74%), intensive unit care (78%) and general surgical services (78%), but limited access to other consultants. Sixty one percent of participants have reported good knowledge of the provincial ED management Guide, but only 23% of them have used the guidelines. Furthermore, more than 40% of EDs were more than 300 km from levels 1 to 2 trauma centers, and only 30% had air transport access. Rural EDs in Québec are staffed by relatively new graduates working as solo physicians in well-resourced and moderately busy (by rural standards) EDs. The provincial ED management Guide may have contributed to this model of service attribution. However, the majority of rural ED staff report limited knowledge or use of the provincial ED management Guide and increased efforts at disseminating this Guide are warranted.

  7. A comparative, epidemiological study of acute renal colic presentations to emergency departments in Doha, Qatar, and Melbourne, Australia.

    PubMed

    Pathan, Sameer A; Mitra, Biswadev; Bhutta, Zain A; Qureshi, Isma; Spencer, Elle; Hameed, Asmaa A; Nadeem, Sana; Tahir, Ramsha; Anjum, Shahzad; Cameron, Peter A

    2018-01-03

    This study aimed to compare the epidemiology, clinical presentations, management, and outcomes of renal colic presentations in two major academic centers from geographically diverse populations: Qatar (a country in the Afro-Asian stone belt) and South-Eastern Australia (not within a stone belt). We undertook a retrospective cohort study of patients with renal colic who presented to the Hamad General Hospital Emergency Department (HGH-ED), Qatar, and The Alfred ED, Melbourne, Australia, during a period of 1 year from August 1, 2012, to July 31, 2013. Cases were identified using ICD-9-CM codes, and an electronic template was used to record the data on predefined clinical variables. A total of 12,223 from the HGH-ED and 384 from The Alfred ED were identified as renal colic presentations during the study period. The rate of renal colic presentations at the HGH-ED was 27.9 per 1000 ED visits compared to 6.7 per 1000 ED visits at The Alfred ED. Patients presenting to the HGH-ED were significantly younger [34.9 years (29.0-43.4) than The Alfred ED [48 years (37-60); P < 0.001]. The median stone size was larger in the HGH-ED group [6 (4-8) mm] versus The Alfred ED group [4 (3-6) mm, P < 0.001]. The intervention rate in the stone-positive population was significantly higher in the HGH-ED group as opposed to The Alfred ED group (38.7 versus 11.9%, P < 0.001). At the time of discharge, The Alfred ED group received fewer analgesic prescriptions (55.8 versus 83.5%, P < 0.001) and more tamsulosin prescriptions (25.3 versus 11.7%, P < 0.001). Renal colic presentations to the HGH-ED, Qatar, were younger, with larger stone size mostly located in the lower ureter, compared to The Alfred ED, Melbourne, Australia. The findings suggest that the benefits of treatment including medical expulsion therapy will vary between the two populations. Differences in epidemiology and patient mix should be considered while tailoring strategies for effective management of patients with renal colic in a given setting.

  8. Death rattle: prevalence, prevention and treatment.

    PubMed

    Wildiers, Hans; Menten, Johan

    2002-04-01

    A retrospective analysis was performed to study the occurrence and treatment of death rattle (DR) in 107 consecutive dying patients on the palliative care unit of the University Hospital Leuven. The incidence of DR (23%) is lower than reported in literature, possibly due to low hydration. We found 2 types of rattle: "Real DR" responds generally very well to anticholinergic therapy, and is probably caused by non-expectorated secretions. "Pseudo DR" is poorly responsive to therapy and is probably caused by bronchial secretions due to pulmonary pathology, such as infection, tumor, fluid retention, or aspiration. Rattle disappeared in >90% for the patients with real DR. Real DR is a strong predictor for death, and 76% (19/25) died within 48h after onset. Administration of subcutaneous hyoscine hydrobromide, as a bolus or continuous infusion, is effective therapy for real DR and is comfortable for the patient and caregivers.

  9. Enrico Fermi Awards Ceremony for Dr. Allen J. Bard and Dr. Andrew Sessler, February 2014 (Presentations, including remarks by Energy Secretary, Dr. Ernest Moniz)

    ScienceCinema

    Moniz, Ernest; Dehmer, Patricia

    2018-05-04

    The Fermi Award is a Presidential award and is one of the oldest and most prestigious science and technology honors bestowed by the U.S. Government. On February 3, 2014 it was conferred upon two exceptional scientists. The first to be recognized is Dr. Allen J. Bard, 'for international leadership in electrochemical science and technology, for advances in photoelectrochemistry and photocatalytic materials, processes, and devices, and for discovery and development of electrochemical methods including electrogenerated chemiluminescence and scanning electrochemical microscopy.' The other honoree is Dr. Andrew Sessler, 'for advancing accelerators as powerful tools of scientific discovery, for visionary direction of the research enterprise focused on challenges in energy and the environment, and for championing outreach and freedom of scientific inquiry worldwide.' Dr. Patricia Dehmer opened the ceremony, and Dr. Ernest Moniz presented the awards.

  10. Enrico Fermi Awards Ceremony for Dr. Allen J. Bard and Dr. Andrew Sessler, February 2014 (Presentations, including remarks by Energy Secretary, Dr. Ernest Moniz)

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Moniz, Ernest; Dehmer, Patricia

    The Fermi Award is a Presidential award and is one of the oldest and most prestigious science and technology honors bestowed by the U.S. Government. On February 3, 2014 it was conferred upon two exceptional scientists. The first to be recognized is Dr. Allen J. Bard, 'for international leadership in electrochemical science and technology, for advances in photoelectrochemistry and photocatalytic materials, processes, and devices, and for discovery and development of electrochemical methods including electrogenerated chemiluminescence and scanning electrochemical microscopy.' The other honoree is Dr. Andrew Sessler, 'for advancing accelerators as powerful tools of scientific discovery, for visionary direction of themore » research enterprise focused on challenges in energy and the environment, and for championing outreach and freedom of scientific inquiry worldwide.' Dr. Patricia Dehmer opened the ceremony, and Dr. Ernest Moniz presented the awards.« less

  11. Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathophysiology and Treatments.

    PubMed

    Wang, Wei; Lo, Amy C Y

    2018-06-20

    Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). It has long been recognized as a microvascular disease. The diagnosis of DR relies on the detection of microvascular lesions. The treatment of DR remains challenging. The advent of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy demonstrated remarkable clinical benefits in DR patients; however, the majority of patients failed to achieve clinically-significant visual improvement. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of new treatments. Laboratory and clinical evidence showed that in addition to microvascular changes, inflammation and retinal neurodegeneration may contribute to diabetic retinal damage in the early stages of DR. Further investigation of the underlying molecular mechanisms may provide targets for the development of new early interventions. Here, we present a review of the current understanding and new insights into pathophysiology in DR, as well as clinical treatments for DR patients. Recent laboratory findings and related clinical trials are also reviewed.

  12. Dr. Gilruth and Dr. Kraft - Mission Control Center (MCC) - Apollo V Launch - MSC

    NASA Image and Video Library

    1968-01-22

    S68-18733 (22 Jan. 1968) --- Dr. Robert R. Gilruth (right), MSC Director, sits with Dr. Christopher C. Kraft Jr., MSC director of flight operations, at his flight operations director console in the Mission Control Center, Building 30, during the Apollo 5 (LM-1/Saturn 204) unmanned space mission.

  13. Two Sides of the Same Coin: Authentic Assessment

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Berg, Steven L.

    2006-01-01

    This paper presents interviews with Dr. Jon Mueller and Dr. Paula Harris. Dr. Jon Mueller is a professor of Psychology at North Central College in Naperville, Illinois. Dr. Paula Harris is a professor in the Department of Language, Literature, and Arts at Jackson Community College in Jackson, Michigan. In these interviews, they present a…

  14. Update on Longleaf Pine Seed Supply Meeting

    Treesearch

    Mark J. Hainds

    2002-01-01

    This is an update of the activities following the September 1999 meeting concerning measures that were discussed to address the longleaf pine seed supply shortage. The people in attendance were Dr. Dean Gjerstad, Mark Haines, Robert Gandy, Larry Bishop, Dr. Ron Carey, Dr. Carey's graduate student Steve Oak, Dr. Jim Barnett, and Jill Barbour

  15. ORAC-DR -- Programmer's Guide

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jenness, Tim; Economou, Frossie; Cavanagh, Brad

    ORAC-DR is a general purpose automatic data reduction pipeline environment. This document describes how to modify data reduction recipes and how to add new instruments. For a general overview of ORAC-DR see SUN/230. For specific information on how to reduce the data for a particular instrument, please consult the appropriate ORAC-DR instrument guide.

  16. Dr. Faustus: Theist or Atheist?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Karim, Shah Mohammad Sanaul; Fathema, Fawzia; Hakim, Abdul

    2015-01-01

    Dr. Faustus is the greatest but the most controversial of Marlowe's plays. Among the causes of controversy, whether Dr. Faustus is an atheist or theist deserves utmost attention. This paper is intended to deal with the issue. Though at various stages of the development of the action, Dr. Faustus abjures Trinity, resorts to necromancy, becomes…

  17. The Applegate Adaptive Management Area ecosystem health assessment

    Treesearch

    Thomas Atzet

    1995-01-01

    As requested by the Applegate Partnership, the Medford District Bureau of Land Management, the Rogue River and Siskiyou National Forests, a team of six specialists (Dr. Tom Atzet, USFS ecologist; Dr. Mike Amaranthus, PNW soil scientist, Dr. Don Goheen, USFS pathologist and entomologist, Tom Sensenig, BLM silviculturist, Dr. Dave Perry, Oregon State University...

  18. Transactivation of the proximal promoter of human oxytocin gene by TR4 orphan receptor

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Wang, C.-P.; Lee, Y.-F.; Chang, C.

    2006-12-08

    The human testicular receptor 4 (TR4) shares structural homology with members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Some other members of this superfamily were able to regulate the transcriptional activity of the human oxytocin (OXT) promoter by binding to the first DR0 regulatory site. However, little investigation was conducted systematically in the study of the second dDR4 site of OXT proximal promoter, and the relationship between the first and the second sites of OXT promoter. Here, we demonstrated for the first time that TR4 could increase the proximal promoter activity of the human OXT gene via DR0, dDR4, and OXT (bothmore » DR0 and dDR4) elements, respectively. TR4 might induce OXT gene expression through the OXT element in a dose-dependent manner. However, there is no synergistic effect between DR0 and dDR4 elements during TR4 transactivation. Taken together, these results suggested that TR4 should be one of important regulators of OXT gene expression.« less

  19. Preserving genome integrity: the DdrA protein of Deinococcus radiodurans R1.

    PubMed

    Harris, Dennis R; Tanaka, Masashi; Saveliev, Sergei V; Jolivet, Edmond; Earl, Ashlee M; Cox, Michael M; Battista, John R

    2004-10-01

    The bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans can withstand extraordinary levels of ionizing radiation, reflecting an equally extraordinary capacity for DNA repair. The hypothetical gene product DR0423 has been implicated in the recovery of this organism from DNA damage, indicating that this protein is a novel component of the D. radiodurans DNA repair system. DR0423 is a homologue of the eukaryotic Rad52 protein. Following exposure to ionizing radiation, DR0423 expression is induced relative to an untreated control, and strains carrying a deletion of the DR0423 gene exhibit increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation. When recovering from ionizing-radiation-induced DNA damage in the absence of nutrients, wild-type D. radiodurans reassembles its genome while the mutant lacking DR0423 function does not. In vitro, the purified DR0423 protein binds to single-stranded DNA with an apparent affinity for 3' ends, and protects those ends from nuclease degradation. We propose that DR0423 is part of a DNA end-protection system that helps to preserve genome integrity following exposure to ionizing radiation. We designate the DR0423 protein as DNA damage response A protein.

  20. Economic comparison of reproductive programs for dairy herds using estrus detection, timed artificial insemination, or a combination.

    PubMed

    Galvão, K N; Federico, P; De Vries, A; Schuenemann, G M

    2013-04-01

    The objective of this study was to compare the economic outcome of reproductive programs using estrus detection (ED), timed artificial insemination (TAI), or a combination of both (TAI-ED) using a stochastic dynamic Monte-Carlo simulation model. Programs evaluated were (1) ED only; (2) TAI: Presynch-Ovsynch for first AI, and Ovsynch for resynchronization of open cows at 32 d after AI; (3) TAI-ED: Presynch-Ovsynch for first AI, but cows underwent ED and AI after first AI, and cows diagnosed open 32 d after AI were resynchronized using Ovsynch. Evaluated were the effect of ED rate (40 vs. 60%; ED40 or ED60), accuracy of estrus detection (85 vs. 95%), compliance with the timed AI protocol (85 vs. 95%), and milk price ($0.33 vs. 0.44/kg). Conception rate to first service was set at 33.9% and then decreased by 2.6% for every subsequent service. Abortion was set at 11.3%. Cows were not AI after 366 d in milk, and open cows were culled after 450 d in milk. Culled cows were immediately replaced. Herd size was maintained at 1,000 cows, and the model accounted for all incomes and costs. Simulation was performed until steady state was reached (3,000 d), and then average daily values for the subsequent 2,000 d were used to calculate profit/cow per year. Net daily value was calculated by subtracting the costs (replacement, feeding, breeding, and other costs) from the daily income (milk sales, cow sales, and calf sales). The ED40 models resulted in greater profits than the TAI-85 model but lower profits than the TAI-95 model. Both ED60 models resulted in greater profits than the TAI-95 model. Combining TAI and ED increased profits within each level of accuracy or compliance. Adding TAI to ED would increase overall profit/cow per year by $46.8 to $74.7 with 40% ED, and by $8.9 to $30.5 with 60% ED. Adding ED to TAI would increase profit/cow per year by $64.2 to $99.4 with 85% compliance and by $31.8 to $59.7 with 95% compliance. Although combining TAI and ED increased profits within each level of accuracy or compliance, when evaluated separately, ED60 with 95% accuracy or TAI with 95% compliance were as profitable as or more profitable than TAI-ED with low ED, accuracy, or compliance. Therefore, producers can improve their profits by combining TAI and ED as reproductive management; however, if a herd can achieve high ED with high accuracy or have high compliance with injections, using only ED or TAI might be more profitable than trying to do both. Copyright © 2013 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  1. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Samios,N.P.

    The ninth evaluation of the RIKEN BNL Research Center (RBRC) took place on Nov. 17-18, 2008, at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The members of the Scientific Review Committee (SRC) were Dr. Dr. Wit Busza (Chair), Dr. Miklos Gyulassy, Dr. Akira Masaike, Dr. Richard Milner, Dr. Alfred Mueller, and Dr. Akira Ukawa. We are pleased that Dr. Yasushige Yano, the Director of the Nishina Institute of RIKEN, Japan participated in this meeting both in informing the committee of the activities of the Nishina Institute and the role of RBRC and as an observer of this review. In order to illustrate the breadthmore » and scope of the RBRC program, each member of the Center made a presentation on his/her research efforts. This encompassed three major areas of investigation, theoretical, experimental and computational physics. In addition the committee met privately with the fellows and postdocs to ascertain their opinions and concerns. Although the main purpose of this review is a report to RIKEN Management (Dr. Ryoji Noyori, RIKEN President) on the health, scientific value, management and future prospects of the Center, the RBRC management felt that a compendium of the scientific presentations are of sufficient quality and interest that they warrant a wider distribution. Therefore we have made this compilation and present it to the community for its information and enlightenment.« less

  2. Dr John McLennan MD (Aberdeen), FRCP (Lond) (1801-1874) and the Medical School of Bombay that failed.

    PubMed

    Pandya, Sunil K

    2017-01-01

    In 1826, Dr John McLennan was asked by Governor Mounstuart Elphinstone of Bombay to set up the first school to teach modern medicine to Indian citizens. He was expected to create textbooks on a variety of subjects in local languages and teach medicine to poorly educated students in their native tongues. Despite his valiant efforts, the school was deemed a failure and was abolished by the Government in 1832. Sir Robert Grant, appointed Governor of Bombay in 1835, analysed records pertaining to this medical school and concluded that the school failed since Dr McLennan was not provided the assistance he needed and as his suggestions for access to a hospital to teach medicine were not heeded. Dr McLennan provided able support to Dr Charles Morehead on his appointment as Principal and Professor of Medicine at the newly created Grant Medical College in Bombay in 1845. Dr Morehead dedicated his classic 'Clinical researches on diseases in India' to Dr McLennan. Dr McLennan headed the Board of Examiners created to assess the competence of the first batch of medical students emerging from this College. The system of evaluation set up by him remains admirable. Dr McLennan retired from service as Physician-General, full of honours.

  3. New Zealand's emergency department target - did it reduce ED length of stay, and if so, how and when?

    PubMed

    Tenbensel, Tim; Chalmers, Linda; Jones, Peter; Appleton-Dyer, Sarah; Walton, Lisa; Ameratunga, Shanthi

    2017-09-26

    In 2009, the New Zealand government introduced a hospital emergency department (ED) target - 95% of patients seen, treated or discharged within 6 h - in order to alleviate crowding in public hospital EDs. While these targets were largely met by 2012, research suggests that such targets can be met without corresponding overall reductions in ED length-of-stay (LOS). Our research explores whether the NZ ED time target actually reduced ED LOS, and if so, how and when. We adopted a mixed-methods approach with integration of data sources. After selecting four hospitals as case study sites, we collected all ED utilisation data for the period 2006 to 2012. ED LOS data was derived in two forms-reported ED LOS, and total ED LOS - which included time spent in short-stay units. This data was used to identify changes in the length of ED stay, and describe the timing of these changes to these indicators. Sixty-eight semi-structured interviews and two surveys of hospital clinicians and managers were conducted between 2011 and 2013. This data was then explored to identify factors that could account for ED LOS changes and their timing. Reported ED LOS reduced in all sites after the introduction of the target, and continued to reduce in 2011 and 2012. However, total ED LOS only decreased from 2008 to 2010, and did not reduce further in any hospital. Increased use of short-stay units largely accounted for these differences. Interview and survey data showed changes to improve patient flow were introduced in the early implementation period, whereas increased ED resources, better information systems to monitor target performance, and leadership and social marketing strategies mainly took throughout 2011 and 2012 when total ED LOS was not reducing. While the ED target clearly stimulated improvements in patient flow, our analysis also questions the value of ED targets as a long term approach. Increased use of short-stay units suggests that the target became less effective in 'standing for' improved timeliness of hospital care in response to increasing acute demand. As such, the overall challenges in managing demand for acute and urgent care in New Zealand hospitals remain.

  4. Impact of the Four-Hour Rule in Western Australian hospitals: Trend analysis of a large record linkage study 2002-2013

    PubMed Central

    Ngo, Hanh; Forero, Roberto; Mountain, David; Fatovich, Daniel; Man, Wing Nicola; Sprivulis, Peter; Mohsin, Mohammed; Toloo, Sam; Celenza, Antonio; Fitzgerald, Gerard; McCarthy, Sally; Hillman, Ken

    2018-01-01

    Background In 2009, the Western Australian (WA) Government introduced the Four-Hour Rule (FHR) program. The policy stated that most patients presenting to Emergency Departments (EDs) were to be seen and either admitted, transferred, or discharged within 4 hours. This study utilised de-identified data from five participating hospitals, before and after FHR implementation, to assess the impact of the FHR on several areas of ED functioning. Methods A state (WA) population-based intervention study design, using longitudinal data obtained from administrative health databases via record linkage methodology, and interrupted time series analysis technique. Findings There were 3,214,802 ED presentations, corresponding to 1,203,513 ED patients. After the FHR implementation, access block for patients admitted through ED for all five sites showed a significant reduction of up to 13.2% (Rate Ratio 0.868, 95%CI 0.814, 0.925) per quarter. Rate of ED attendances for most hospitals continued to rise throughout the entire study period and were unaffected by the FHR, except for one hospital. Pattern of change in ED re-attendance rate post-FHR was similar to pre-FHR, but the trend reduced for two hospitals. ED occupancy was reduced by 6.2% per quarter post-FHR for the most ‘crowded’ ED. ED length of stay and ED efficiency improved in four hospitals and deteriorated in one hospital. Time to being seen by ED clinician and Did-Not-Wait rate improved for some hospitals. Admission rates in post-FHR increased, by up to 1% per quarter, for two hospitals where the pre-FHR trend was decreasing. Conclusions The FHR had a consistent effect on ‘flow’ measures: significantly reducing ED overcrowding and access block and enhancing ED efficiency. Time-based outcome measures mostly improved with the FHR. There is some evidence of increased ED attendance, but no evidence of increased ED re-attendance. Effects on patient disposition status were mixed. Overall, this reflects the value of investing resources into the ED/hospital system to improve efficiency and patient experience. Further research is required to illuminate the exact mechanisms of the effects of FHR on the ED and hospital functioning across Australia. PMID:29538401

  5. Lower Hemoglobin Concentration Is Associated with Retinal Ischemia and the Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes

    PubMed Central

    Traveset, Alicia; Rubinat, Esther; Ortega, Emilio; Alcubierre, Nuria; Vazquez, Beatriz; Hernández, Marta; Jurjo, Carmen; Espinet, Ramon; Ezpeleta, Juan Antonio; Mauricio, Didac

    2016-01-01

    Aims. To assess the association of blood oxygen-transport capacity variables with the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR), retinal ischemia, and macular oedema in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods. Cross-sectional, case-control study (N = 312) with T2DM: 153 individuals with DR and 159 individuals with no DR. Participants were classified according to the severity of DR and the presence of retinal ischemia or macular oedema. Hematological variables were collected by standardized methods. Three logistic models were adjusted to ascertain the association between hematologic variables with the severity of DR and the presence of retinal ischemia or macular oedema. Results. Individuals with severe DR showed significantly lower hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte levels compared with those with mild disease and in individuals with retinal ischemia and macular oedema compared with those without these disorders. Hemoglobin was the only factor that showed a significant inverse association with the severity of DR [beta-coefficient = −0.52, P value = 0.003] and retinal ischemia [beta-coefficient = −0.49, P value = 0.001]. Lower erythrocyte level showed a marginally significant association with macular oedema [beta-coefficient = −0.86, P value = 0.055]. Conclusions. In patients with DR, low blood oxygen-transport capacity was associated with more severe DR and the presence of retinal ischemia. Low hemoglobin levels may have a key role in the development and progression of DR. PMID:27200379

  6. The lifespan-reproduction trade-off under dietary restriction is sex-specific and context-dependent.

    PubMed

    Adler, Margo I; Cassidy, Elizabeth J; Fricke, Claudia; Bonduriansky, Russell

    2013-06-01

    Adult dietary restriction (DR) extends lifespan, but the mechanisms that underlie this effect are not well understood. Many DR studies have demonstrated that lifespan extension tends to be accompanied by a reduction in female fecundity - a correlation widely interpreted as evidence that DR triggers an adaptive re - allocation of resources from reproduction to somatic maintenance. Yet, recent evidence suggests that survival and fecundity need not always trade off under DR, calling the re-allocation hypothesis into question. Because the effects of DR on both survival and reproduction have rarely been tested in both sexes, or under a range of ecologically-relevant environments, the generality of this trade-off remains unclear. We examined the effects of DR on survival and reproduction in both sexes and across a range of environments (larval diet quality and adult sex ratio) in the neriid fly Telostylinus angusticollis. We found that the lifespan-reproduction trade-off is both context- and sex-dependent. Although DR extended lifespan in both sexes by 65% and rendered females completely infertile, costs of DR on male fecundity were subtle and evident only in particular environmental combinations. Our findings suggest that a re-allocation of resources may not underlie the lifespan extension response to DR. Instead, full feeding may be associated with increased costs in comparison to DR, such that lifespan extension may be achieved without an increased resource investment to the soma. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  7. Lower Hemoglobin Concentration Is Associated with Retinal Ischemia and the Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes.

    PubMed

    Traveset, Alicia; Rubinat, Esther; Ortega, Emilio; Alcubierre, Nuria; Vazquez, Beatriz; Hernández, Marta; Jurjo, Carmen; Espinet, Ramon; Ezpeleta, Juan Antonio; Mauricio, Didac

    2016-01-01

    Aims. To assess the association of blood oxygen-transport capacity variables with the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR), retinal ischemia, and macular oedema in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods. Cross-sectional, case-control study (N = 312) with T2DM: 153 individuals with DR and 159 individuals with no DR. Participants were classified according to the severity of DR and the presence of retinal ischemia or macular oedema. Hematological variables were collected by standardized methods. Three logistic models were adjusted to ascertain the association between hematologic variables with the severity of DR and the presence of retinal ischemia or macular oedema. Results. Individuals with severe DR showed significantly lower hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte levels compared with those with mild disease and in individuals with retinal ischemia and macular oedema compared with those without these disorders. Hemoglobin was the only factor that showed a significant inverse association with the severity of DR [beta-coefficient = -0.52, P value = 0.003] and retinal ischemia [beta-coefficient = -0.49, P value = 0.001]. Lower erythrocyte level showed a marginally significant association with macular oedema [beta-coefficient = -0.86, P value = 0.055]. Conclusions. In patients with DR, low blood oxygen-transport capacity was associated with more severe DR and the presence of retinal ischemia. Low hemoglobin levels may have a key role in the development and progression of DR.

  8. The three catalases in Deinococcus radiodurans: Only two show catalase activity.

    PubMed

    Jeong, Sun-Wook; Jung, Jong-Hyun; Kim, Min-Kyu; Seo, Ho Seong; Lim, Heon-Man; Lim, Sangyong

    2016-01-15

    Deinococcus radiodurans, which is extremely resistant to ionizing radiation and oxidative stress, is known to have three catalases (DR1998, DRA0146, and DRA0259). In this study, to investigate the role of each catalase, we constructed catalase mutants (Δdr1998, ΔdrA0146, and ΔdrA0259) of D. radiodurans. Of the three mutants, Δdr1998 exhibited the greatest decrease in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) resistance and the highest increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels following H2O2 treatments, whereas ΔdrA0146 showed no change in its H2O2 resistance or ROS level. Catalase activity was not attenuated in ΔdrA0146, and none of the three bands detected in an in-gel catalase activity assay disappeared in ΔdrA0146. The purified His-tagged recombinant DRA0146 did not show catalase activity. In addition, the phylogenetic analysis of the deinococcal catalases revealed that the DR1998-type catalase is common in the genus Deinococcus, but the DRA0146-type catalase was found in only 4 of 23 Deinococcus species. Taken together, these results indicate that DR1998 plays a critical role in the anti-oxidative system of D. radiodurans by detoxifying H2O2, but DRA0146 does not have catalase activity and is not involved in the resistance to H2O2 stress. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  9. Digital report in an anatomy laboratory: a new method for team-based dissection, reporting, and evaluation.

    PubMed

    Oh, Chang-Seok; Kim, Kyong-Jee; Chung, Eilho; Choi, Hong-Joo

    2015-04-01

    Digital report (DR), a new method for students' dissection report, has been introduced to replace the traditional method in the anatomy laboratory. Laboratory tasks were assigned to groups of five students, and each group was asked to make a DR of their dissection tasks and upload it on the website for the anatomy course developed by the authors' institution. For creating the DR, students were instructed to take photographs of their findings with digital cameras, to mark the orientation and label the structures on the photograph. Students were assessed as a group by evaluating the DR. All the photographs of the DR were saved to construct a database that can be used by the students who will take the anatomy course in the following years. A questionnaire consisting of 14 questions was administered at the end of the anatomy course to evaluate the effectiveness of the DR. The results of the student survey showed that the DR was useful for making the students participate more actively in the teamwork for dissection, and for making dissection reports by referring to the DR made by the students from previous years. The DR was also more helpful for the anatomy teacher to assess student learning in the anatomy laboratory than conventional practical examinations and paper-based dissection reports. DR, a paperless report of team-based dissection, is concurrent with the 'digital' age and is in line with the need for a more systematic and objective evaluation of students' dissection.

  10. Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Blindness in Indonesian Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

    PubMed

    Sasongko, Muhammad Bayu; Widyaputri, Felicia; Agni, Angela Nurini; Wardhana, Firman Setya; Kotha, Satyaprabha; Gupta, Prateek; Widayanti, Tri Wahyu; Haryanto, Supanji; Widyaningrum, Rifa; Wong, Tien Yin; Kawasaki, Ryo; Wang, Jie Jin

    2017-09-01

    To report the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and DR-related blindness in an Indonesian population with type 2 diabetes. Design: Population-based cross-sectional study. Community health centers. We recruited 1184 people aged older than 30 years with type 2 diabetes residing in Jogjakarta, Indonesia. Multistage, clustered random sampling based on regencies and districts in Jogjakarta was used. Detailed interviews, general and eye examinations, and anthropometric measurement were performed. Disc- and macula-centered retinal photographs were taken to assess DR. The definition of DR followed a modified Airlie House classification system and was categorized into mild, moderate, and vision-threatening DR (VTDR). Prevalence and severity of DR. The median (range) age and diabetes duration of participants was 59 (52-65) and 4 (2-9) years. The prevalence of DR was 43.1% (95% confidence interval 39.6%-46.6%), with mild, moderate, and severe NPDR and PDR to be 9.41%, 7.46%, 11.1%, and 12.1%, respectively. The prevalence of VTDR was 26.3% (23.1%-29.5%). Longer diabetes duration, higher fasting glucose, presence of hypertension, and foot ulcers were associated with DR and VTDR. The prevalence of bilateral blindness was 4% and 7.7% in persons with DR and VTDR. This study reports a high prevalence of any DR and VTDR among Indonesian adults with type 2 diabetes in urban and rural areas: approximately 1 in 4 adults with diabetes had VTDR and 1 in 12 of those with VTDR was bilaterally blind, suggesting the need for appropriate screening and management of DR among the Indonesian population. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  11. Soluble TL1A is sufficient for activation of death receptor 3.

    PubMed

    Bittner, Sebastian; Knoll, Gertrud; Füllsack, Simone; Kurz, Maria; Wajant, Harald; Ehrenschwender, Martin

    2016-01-01

    Death receptor 3 (DR3) is a typical member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family, and was initially identified as a T-cell co-stimulatory molecule. However, further studies revealed a more complex and partly dichotomous role for DR3 and its ligand TL1A under (patho)physiological conditions. TL1A and DR3 are not only a driving force in the development of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, but also play an important role in counteracting these processes through an increase in the number of regulatory T cells. Ligands of the tumor necrosis factor family typically occur in two forms, membrane-bound and soluble, that can differ strikingly with respect to their efficacy in activating their corresponding receptor(s). Ligand-based approaches to activate the TL1A-DR3 pathway therefore require understanding of the molecular prerequisites of TL1A-based DR3 activation. To date, this has not been addressed. Here, we show that recombinant soluble trimeric TL1A is fully sufficient to strongly activate DR3-associated pro- and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways. In contrast to the TRAIL death receptors, which are much better activated by soluble TRAIL upon secondary ligand oligomerization, but similarly to the death receptor tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, DR3 is efficiently activated by soluble TL1A trimers. Additionally, we have measured the affinity of TL1A-DR3 interaction in a cell-based system, and demonstrated TL1A-induced DR3 internalization. Identification of DR3 as a tumor necrosis factor receptor that responds to soluble ligand trimers without further oligomerization provides a basis for therapeutic exploitation of the TL1A-DR3 pathway. © 2015 FEBS.

  12. Planarian D-amino acid oxidase is involved in ovarian development during sexual induction.

    PubMed

    Maezawa, Takanobu; Tanaka, Hiroyuki; Nakagawa, Haruka; Ono, Mizuki; Aoki, Manabu; Matsumoto, Midori; Ishida, Tetsuo; Horiike, Kihachiro; Kobayashi, Kazuya

    2014-05-01

    To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying switching from asexual to sexual reproduction, namely sexual induction, we developed an assay system for sexual induction in the hermaphroditic planarian species Dugesia ryukyuensis. Ovarian development is the initial and essential step in sexual induction, and it is followed by the formation of other reproductive organs, including the testes. Here, we report a function of a planarian D-amino acid oxidase, Dr-DAO, in the control of ovarian development in planarians. Asexual worms showed significantly more widespread expression of Dr-DAO in the parenchymal space than did sexual worms. Inhibition of Dr-DAO by RNAi caused the formation of immature ovaries. In addition, we found that feeding asexual worms 5 specific D-amino acids could induce the formation of immature ovaries that are similar to those observed in Dr-DAO knockdown worms, suggesting that Dr-DAO inhibits the formation of immature ovaries by degrading these D-amino acids. Following sexual induction, Dr-DAO expression was observed in the ovaries. The knockdown of Dr-DAO during sexual induction delayed the maturation of the other reproductive organs, as well as ovary. These findings suggest that Dr-DAO acts to promote ovarian maturation and that complete sexual induction depends on the production of mature ovaries. We propose that Dr-DAO produced in somatic cells prevents the onset of sexual induction in the asexual state, and then after sexual induction, the female germ cells specifically produce Dr-DAO to induce full maturation. Therefore, Dr-DAO produced in somatic and female germline cells may play different roles in sexual induction. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  13. Are obesity and anthropometry risk factors for diabetic retinopathy? The diabetes management project.

    PubMed

    Dirani, Mohamed; Xie, Jing; Fenwick, Eva; Benarous, Rehab; Rees, Gwyneth; Wong, Tien Yin; Lamoureux, Ecosse L

    2011-06-22

    To investigate the relationship between anthropometric parameters and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in adults with diabetes. Five hundred participants with diabetes were recruited prospectively from ophthalmology clinics in Melbourne, Australia. Each underwent an eye examination, anthropometric measurements, and standardized interview-administered questionnaires, and fasting blood glucose and serum lipids were analyzed. Two-field fundus photographs were taken and graded for DR. Height; weight; body mass index (BMI); waist, hip, neck, and head circumferences; and skinfold measurements were recorded. A total of 492 patients (325 men, 66.1%) aged between 26 and 90 years (median, 65) were included in the analysis: 171 (34.8%), 187 (38.0%), and 134 (27.2%) with no DR, nonproliferative DR (NPDR), and proliferative DR (PDR), respectively. After multiple adjustments, higher BMI (odds ratio [OR], 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI],1.01-1.11; P = 0.02) was significantly associated with any DR. Obese people were 6.5 times more likely to have PDR than were those with normal weight (OR, 6.52; 95% CI, 1.49-28.6; P = 0.013). Neck circumference (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.00-1.10; P = 0.03) and waist circumference (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.03-1.22; P = 0.01) were significantly associated with any DR. BMI (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.00-1.08; P = 0.04) and neck circumference (OR, 1.04 95% CI, 1.01-1.08; P = 0.04) were also positively associated with increasing severity levels of DR. Persons with diabetes with higher BMI and larger neck circumference are more likely to have DR and more severe stages of DR. These data suggest that obesity is an independent risk factor for DR.

  14. Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in a Clinic Population from Puerto Rico.

    PubMed

    Rodriguez, Neisha M; Aguilar, Stephanie

    2016-07-01

    Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a preventable or treatable cause of blindness in the adult population. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Puerto Ricans is the highest among Hispanics. This study evaluated the prevalence of DR in a screening program of DM subjects in a clinic system in Puerto Rico. A retrospective cross-sectional health records study of DM patients referred by primary care physicians for dilated retinal evaluation to the Inter American University of Puerto Rico School of Optometry Juana Diaz Eye Institute Clinic between 2001 and 2009 was performed. All subjects underwent a complete eye evaluation including fundus photography. Photographs were graded following the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocols. A total of 411 randomly selected health records of DM subjects older than 30 years were included. The estimated prevalence of DR among all subjects is 37.7%. DR was more common in males (47.2%) than females (33.7%). The age range with higher frequency of DR is among ages 60 to 69 (34.8%) and the lowest between ages 30 and 39 (3.9%). The average number of years since initial DM diagnosis was 12.48. Probability of developing DR increases with longer duration of DM (p < 0.05). The most common stage was mild non-proliferative DR (22.6%). Our data revealed that prevalence of DR was high among Puerto Ricans. Mild stage retinopathy was most prevalent and there exists an increase in probability to develop DR with duration of DM. The prevalence of DR in total population may be different than the findings presented in this paper. Comprehensive studies are needed to understand and estimate the progression and impact of DR in this population.

  15. Ethnic Differences in the Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Persons With Diabetes When First Presenting at a Diabetes Clinic in South Africa

    PubMed Central

    Thomas, Rebecca L.; Distiller, Larry; Luzio, Stephen D.; Chowdhury, Sharmistha Roy; Melville, Vanessa J.; Kramer, Brian; Owens, David R.

    2013-01-01

    OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence and associated risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) within a multiethnic population at presentation to a diabetes clinic in South Africa. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Retinal photography was conducted using a nonmydriatic digital camera without mydriasis and graded by one of three senior graders. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between any DR, referable DR, and clinical risk factors. RESULTS A total of 1,537 persons with type 1 and 3,978 with type 2 diabetes were included. Prevalence of any DR in type 1 diabetes was 35.2% (background DR 26% and referable DR 9.2%) and in type 2 diabetes was 20.5% (14.1 and 6.4%, respectively). In type 1 diabetes, there was an increased risk of any DR in Asian Indians, whereas the risk of referable DR was increased for indigenous Africans compared with Caucasians. In type 2 diabetes, the risk was increased for all non-Caucasians compared with Caucasians. Longer duration of diabetes and elevated HbA1c were independently associated with any and referable DR in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, with the addition of hypertension and smoking in type 1 diabetes when adjusted for age at diagnosis of diabetes, sex, and ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of DR in this population from South Africa was similar to that reported globally; however, ethnic differences were observed. Increasing duration of diabetes and poor glycemic control were the strongest risk factors associated with any and referable DR in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. PMID:23033236

  16. Physician Impressions of Physical Therapist Practice in the Emergency Department: Descriptive, Comparative Analysis Over Time.

    PubMed

    Fruth, Stacie J; Wiley, Steve

    2016-09-01

    Emergency department (ED) use in the United States is expected to rapidly increase. Nearly half of all ED visits are classified as semiurgent or nonurgent, and many fall into the musculoskeletal category. Despite growing international evidence that patients are appropriately and safely managed by ED physical therapists in a time-efficient manner, physical therapist practice in EDs is not widely understood or utilized in the United States. To date, no studies have reported the impressions of ED physicians about this practice. The purposes of this study were: (1) to assess ED physicians' impressions of ED physical therapist practice 2 years after practice was initiated and (2) to determine whether physicians' impressions changed 7 years later. All ED staff physicians and medical residents at a level I trauma hospital were invited to complete a survey in 2004 and 2011. In both years, a majority of physicians reported favorable impressions of ED physical therapist practice. Physical therapists were valued for educating patients about safety and injury prevention, providing appropriate gait training, assisting with disposition planning, and providing interventions as alternatives to pain medication. Many physicians supported standing physical therapist orders for certain musculoskeletal conditions. The most common concern was the additional time that patients spend in the ED for a physical therapist consult. The results of this study may not reflect the impressions of physicians in all EDs that employ physical therapists. Emergency department physicians reported favorable impressions of ED physical therapist practice 2 years and 9 years following its implementation in this hospital. This study showed that ED physicians support standing physical therapist orders for certain musculoskeletal conditions, which suggests that direct triage to ED physical therapists for these conditions could be considered. © 2016 American Physical Therapy Association.

  17. Frequent use of emergency departments by older people: a comparative cohort study of characteristics and outcomes.

    PubMed

    Street, Maryann; Berry, Debra; Considine, Julie

    2018-04-12

    To characterise older people who frequently use emergency departments (EDs) and compare patient outcomes with older non-frequent ED attenders. Retrospective comparative cohort study. Logistic regression modelling of patient characteristics and health service usage, comparing older frequent ED attenders (≥4 ED attendances in 12 months) to non-frequent ED attenders. Three Australian public hospital EDs, with a total of 143 327 emergency attendances in the 12 months. People aged ≥65 years attending the ED in financial year 2013/2014. The primary outcome was frequent ED use; secondary outcomes were ED length of stay, discharge destination from ED, hospital length of stay, re-presentation within 48 h, hospital readmission within 30 days and in-hospital mortality. Five percent of older people were frequent attenders (n = 1046/21 073), accounting for 16.9% (n = 5469/32 282) of all attendances by older people. Frequent ED attenders were more likely to be male, aged 75-84 years, arrive by ambulance and have a diagnosis relating to chronic illness. Frequent attenders stayed 0.4 h longer in ED (P < 0.001), were more likely to be admitted to hospital (69.2% vs 67.2%; P = 0.004), and had a 1 day longer hospital stay (P < 0.001). In-hospital mortality for older frequent ED attenders was double that of non-frequent attenders (7.0% vs 3.2%, P < 0.001) over 12 months. Older frequent ED attenders had more chronic disease and care needs requiring hospital admission than non-frequent attenders. A new approach to care planning and coordination is recommended, to optimise the patient journey and improve outcomes.

  18. Feasibility of an ED-to-Home Intervention to Engage Patients: A Mixed-Methods Investigation.

    PubMed

    Schumacher, Jessica R; Lutz, Barbara J; Hall, Allyson G; Pines, Jesse M; Jones, Andrea L; Hendry, Phyllis; Kalynych, Colleen; Carden, Donna L

    2017-06-01

    Older, chronically ill patients with limited health literacy are often under-engaged in managing their health and turn to the emergency department (ED) for healthcare needs. We tested the impact of an ED-initiated coaching intervention on patient engagement and follow-up doctor visits in this high-risk population. We also explored patients' care-seeking decisions. We conducted a mixed-methods study including a randomized controlled trial and in-depth interviews in two EDs in northern Florida. Participants were chronically ill older ED patients with limited health literacy and Medicare as a payer source. Patients were assigned to an evidence-based coaching intervention (n= 35) or usual post-ED care (n= 34). Qualitative interviews (n=9) explored patients' reasons for ED use. We assessed average between-group differences in patient engagement over time with the Patient Activation Measure (PAM) tool, using logistic regression and a difference-in-difference approach. Between-group differences in follow-up doctor visits were determined. We analyzed qualitative data using open coding and thematic analysis. PAM scores fell in both groups after the ED visit but fell significantly more in "usual care" (average decline -4.64) than "intervention" participants (average decline -2.77) (β=1.87, p=0.043). There were no between-group differences in doctor visits. Patients described well-informed reasons for ED visits including onset and severity of symptoms, lack of timely provider access, and immediate and comprehensive ED care. The coaching intervention significantly reduced declines in patient engagement observed after usual post-ED care. Patients reported well-informed reasons for ED use and will likely continue to make ED visits unless strategies, such as ED-initiated coaching, are implemented to help vulnerable patients better manage their health and healthcare.

  19. Temporal trends in emergency department visits for bronchiolitis in the United States, 2006 to 2010.

    PubMed

    Hasegawa, Kohei; Tsugawa, Yusuke; Brown, David F M; Mansbach, Jonathan M; Camargo, Carlos A

    2014-01-01

    To examine temporal trends in emergency departments (EDs) visits for bronchiolitis among US children between 2006 and 2010. Serial, cross-sectional analysis of the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, a nationally representative sample of ED patients. We used International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code 466.1 to identify children <2 years of age with bronchiolitis. Primary outcome measures were rate of bronchiolitis ED visits, hospital admission rate and ED charges. Between 2006 and 2010, weighted national discharge data included 1,435,110 ED visits with bronchiolitis. There was a modest increase in the rate of bronchiolitis ED visits, from 35.6 to 36.3 per 1000 person-years (2% increase; Ptrend = 0.008), due to increases in the ED visit rate among children from 12 months to 23 months (24% increase;Ptrend < 0.001). By contrast, there was a significant decline in the ED visit rate among infants (4% decrease; Ptrend < 0.001). Although unadjusted admission rate did not change between 2006 and 2010 (26% in both years), admission rate declined significantly after adjusting for potential patient- and ED-level confounders (adjusted odds ratio for comparison of 2010 with 2006, 0.84; 95% confidence interval: 0.76-0.93; P < 0.001). Nationwide ED charges for bronchiolitis increased from $337 million to $389 million (16% increase; Ptrend < 0.001), adjusted for inflation. This increase was driven by a rise in geometric mean of ED charges per case from $887 to $1059 (19% increase; Ptrend < 0.001). Between 2006 and 2010, we found a divergent temporal trend in the rate of bronchiolitis ED visits by age group. Despite a significant increase in associated ED charges, ED-associated hospital admission rates for bronchiolitis significantly decreased over this same period.

  20. Alcohol mixed with energy drinks: Associations with risky drinking and functioning in high school.

    PubMed

    Tucker, Joan S; Troxel, Wendy M; Ewing, Brett A; D'Amico, Elizabeth J

    2016-10-01

    Mixing alcohol with energy drinks is associated with heavier drinking and related problems among college students. However, little is known about how high school drinkers who mix alcohol with energy drinks (AmED) compare to those who do not (AwoED). This study compares high school AmED and AwoED users on their alcohol use during middle and high school, as well as key domains of functioning in high school. Two surveys were conducted three years apart in adolescents initially recruited from 16 middle schools in Southern California. The analytic sample consists of 696 past month drinkers. Multivariable models compared AmED and AwoED users on alcohol use, mental health, social functioning, academic orientation, delinquency and other substance use at age 17, and on their alcohol use and related cognitions at age 14. AmED was reported by 13% of past month drinkers. AmED and AwoED users did not differ on alcohol use or cognitions in middle school, but AmED users drank more often, more heavily, and reported more negative consequences in high school. AmED users were also more likely to report poor grades, delinquent behavior, substance use-related unsafe driving, public intoxication, and drug use than AwoED users in high school. Group differences were not found on mental health, social functioning, or academic aspirations. AmED use is common among high school drinkers. The higher risk behavioral profile of these young AmED users, which includes drug use and substance use-related unsafe driving, is a significant cause for concern and warrants further attention. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  1. The meaning of (quality of) life in patients with eating disorders: a comparison of generic and disease-specific measures across diagnosis and outcome.

    PubMed

    Ackard, Diann M; Richter, Sara; Egan, Amber; Engel, Scott; Cronemeyer, Catherine L

    2014-04-01

    Compare general and disease-specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among female patients with an eating disorder (ED). Female patients (n = 221; 95.3% Caucasian; 94.0% never married) completed the Medical Outcome Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and Eating Disorders Quality of Life (EDQoL) as part of a study of treatment outcomes. Multivariate regression models were used to compare HRQoL differences across initial ED diagnosis (85 AN-R, 19 AN-B/P, 27 BN, 90 EDNOS) and ED diagnostic classification at time of outcome assessment (140 no ED, 38 subthreshold ED, 43 full threshold ED). There were no significant differences across ED diagnosis at initial assessment on either of the SF-36 Component Summary scores. However, patients with AN-B/P scored poorer on the work/school EDQoL subscales than other ED diagnoses, and on the psychological EDQoL subscale compared to AN-R and EDNOS. At outcome assessment, comparisons across full threshold, subthreshold and no ED classification indicated that those with no ED reported better HRQoL than those with full threshold ED on the SF-36 Mental Components Summary and three of four EDQoL subscales. Furthermore, those with no ED reported better psychological HRQoL than those with subthreshold ED. Disease-specific HRQOL measures are important to use when comparing HRQoL in ED patients across treatment and outcome, and may have the sensitivity to detect meaningful differences by diagnosis more so than generic instruments. EDQoL scores from patients remitted from symptoms approach but do not reach scores for unaffected college females; thus, treatment should continue until quality of life is restored. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  2. Feasibility of an ED-to-Home Intervention to Engage Patients: A Mixed-Methods Investigation

    PubMed Central

    Schumacher, Jessica R.; Lutz, Barbara J.; Hall, Allyson G.; Pines, Jesse M.; Jones, Andrea L.; Hendry, Phyllis; Kalynych, Colleen; Carden, Donna L.

    2017-01-01

    Introduction Older, chronically ill patients with limited health literacy are often under-engaged in managing their health and turn to the emergency department (ED) for healthcare needs. We tested the impact of an ED-initiated coaching intervention on patient engagement and follow-up doctor visits in this high-risk population. We also explored patients’ care-seeking decisions. Methods We conducted a mixed-methods study including a randomized controlled trial and in-depth interviews in two EDs in northern Florida. Participants were chronically ill older ED patients with limited health literacy and Medicare as a payer source. Patients were assigned to an evidence-based coaching intervention (n= 35) or usual post-ED care (n= 34). Qualitative interviews (n=9) explored patients’ reasons for ED use. We assessed average between-group differences in patient engagement over time with the Patient Activation Measure (PAM) tool, using logistic regression and a difference-in-difference approach. Between-group differences in follow-up doctor visits were determined. We analyzed qualitative data using open coding and thematic analysis. Results PAM scores fell in both groups after the ED visit but fell significantly more in “usual care” (average decline −4.64) than “intervention” participants (average decline −2.77) (β=1.87, p=0.043). There were no between-group differences in doctor visits. Patients described well-informed reasons for ED visits including onset and severity of symptoms, lack of timely provider access, and immediate and comprehensive ED care. Conclusion The coaching intervention significantly reduced declines in patient engagement observed after usual post-ED care. Patients reported well-informed reasons for ED use and will likely continue to make ED visits unless strategies, such as ED-initiated coaching, are implemented to help vulnerable patients better manage their health and healthcare. PMID:28611897

  3. The association of weather on pediatric emergency department visits in Changwon, Korea (2005-2014).

    PubMed

    Lee, Hae Jeong; Jin, Mi Hyeon; Lee, Jun Hwa

    2016-05-01

    It is widely believed that patients are less likely to visit hospitals during bad weather. We hypothesized that weather and emergency department (ED) visits are associated. Thus, we investigated the association between pediatric ED visits and weather, and sought to determine whether admissions to the ED are affected by meteorological factors. We retrospectively analyzed all 87,242 emergency visits to Samsung Changwon Hospital by pediatric patients under 19years of age from January 2005 to December 2014. ED visits were categorized by disease. We used Poisson regression and generalized linear model to examine the relationships between current weather and ED visits. Additionally a distributed lag non-linear model was used to investigate the effect of weather on ED visits. During this 10-year study period, the average temperature and diurnal temperature range (DTR) were 14.7°C and 8.2°C, respectively. There were 1,145days of rain or snow (31.4%) during the 3,652-day study period. The volume of ED visits decreased on days of rain or snow. Additionally ED visits increased 2days after rainy or snowy days. The volume of ED visits increased 1.013 times with every 1°C increase in DTR. The volume of ED visits by patients with trauma, digestive diseases, and respiratory diseases increased when DTR was over 10°C. As rainfall increased to over 25mm, the ward admission rate (23.8%, p=0.018) of ED patients increased significantly. The volume of ED visits decreased on days of rain or snow and the ED visits were increased 2days after rainy or snowy days. The volume of ED visits increased for every 1°C increase in DTR. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier B.V.

  4. A multicenter observational study of US adults with acute asthma: who are the frequent users of the emergency department?

    PubMed

    Hasegawa, Kohei; Sullivan, Ashley F; Tovar Hirashima, Eva; Gaeta, Theodore J; Fee, Christopher; Turner, Stuart J; Massaro, Susan; Camargo, Carlos A

    2014-01-01

    Despite the substantial burden of asthma-related emergency department (ED) visits, there have been no recent multicenter efforts to characterize this high-risk population. We aimed to characterize patients with asthma according to their frequency of ED visits and to identify factors associated with frequent ED visits. A multicenter chart review study of 48 EDs across 23 US states. We identified ED patients ages 18 to 54 years with acute asthma during 2011 and 2012. Primary outcome was frequency of ED visits for acute asthma in the past year, excluding the index ED visit. Of the 1890 enrolled patients, 863 patients (46%) had 1 or more (frequent) ED visits in the past year. Specifically, 28% had 1 to 2 visits, 11% had 3 to 5 visits, and 7% had 6 or more visits. Among frequent ED users, guideline-recommended management was suboptimal. For example, of patients with 6 or more ED visits, 85% lacked evidence of prior evaluation by an asthma specialist, and 43% were not treated with inhaled corticosteroids. In a multivariable model, significant predictors of frequent ED visits were public insurance, no insurance, and markers for chronic asthma severity (all P < .05). Stronger associations were found among those with a higher frequency of asthma-related ED visits (eg, 6 or more ED visits). This multicenter study of US adults with acute asthma demonstrated many frequent ED users and suboptimal preventive management in this high-risk population. Future reductions in asthma morbidity and associated health care utilization will require continued efforts to bridge these major gaps in asthma care. Copyright © 2014 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  5. Patient nonadherence to filling discharge medication prescriptions from the emergency department: Barriers and clinical implications.

    PubMed

    Farris, Brian; Shakowski, Courtney; Mueller, Scott W; Phong, Suzanne; Kiser, Tyree H; Jacknin, Gabrielle

    2018-03-01

    Barriers to and clinical implications of patient nonadherence to filling discharge medication prescriptions from the emergency department (ED) were evaluated. This was a retrospective, observational analysis of patients discharged from the ED from April 2013 through May 2015 with medication prescriptions. Patients age 18-89 years who were seen in the ED and did not retrieve discharge medication prescriptions from the onsite, 24-hour ED discharge pharmacy were included in this study. Patients who did not pick up prescriptions were called and asked about barriers to prescription filling. These charts were then retrospectively reviewed and categorized. The primary study outcome was the frequency of nonadherence to filling discharge medications prescribed during the ED visit at the ED outpatient pharmacy. Secondary outcomes included identifying barriers to medication adherence, the rate of return ED visits within 30 days of ED discharge, and the rate of 30-day hospital admissions. Associations between patient and medication variables and the rates of return ED visits within 30 days of discharge and 30-day hospital admissions were analyzed. Of the 4,444 patients discharged from the ED with a prescription to be filled at the satellite pharmacy, 510 were nonadherent. Of these patients, 505 had complete chart information available for evaluation. A large proportion of nonadherent patients revisited the ED within 30 days of ED discharge. Multivariate logistic regression found payer class, ethnicity, and sex were independently associated with return ED visits. The majority of patients who received a prescription during an ED visit filled their discharge medications. Sex, ethnicity, and payer class were independently associated with nonadherence. Copyright © 2018 by the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. All rights reserved.

  6. Postoperative imaging of orthopaedic hardware in the hand and wrist: is there an added value for tomosynthesis?

    PubMed

    De Silvestro, A; Martini, K; Becker, A S; Kim-Nguyen, T D L; Guggenberger, R; Calcagni, M; Frauenfelder, T

    2018-02-01

    To prospectively investigate digital tomosynthesis (DTS) as an alternative to digital radiography (DR) for postoperative imaging of orthopaedic hardware after trauma or arthrodesis in the hand and wrist. Thirty-six consecutive patients (12 female, median age 36 years, range 19-86 years) were included in this institutional review board approved clinical trial. Imaging was performed with DTS in dorso-palmar projection and DR was performed in dorso-palmar, lateral, and oblique views. Images were evaluated by two independent radiologists for qualitative and diagnosis-related imaging parameters using a four-point Likert scale (1=excellent, 4not diagnostic) and nominal scale. Interobserver agreement between the two readers was assessed with Cohen's kappa (k). Differences between DTS and CR were tested with Wilcoxon's signed-rank test. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Regarding image quality, interobserver agreement was higher for DTS compared to DR, especially for fracture-related parameters (delineation osteosynthesis material [OSM]: K DTS 0.96 versus K DR 0.45; delineation fracture margins: K DTS 0.78 versus K DR 0.35). Delineation of fracture margins and delineation of adjacent joint spaces scored significant better for DTS compared to DR (delineation fracture margins: DTS1.54, DR2.28, p0.001; delineation adjacent joint spaces: DTS1.31, DR2.24, p0.001). Regarding diagnosis-related findings, interobserver agreement was almost equal. DTS showed a significant higher sharpness of fracture margins (DTS1.94, DR2.33, p0.04). Mean dose area product (DAP) for DTS was significant higher compared to DR (mean DR0.219 Gy·cm 2 , mean DTS0.903 Gy·cm 2 , p0.001). Fracture healing is more visible and interobserver agreement is higher for DTS compared to DR in the postoperative assessment of orthopaedic hardware in the hand and wrist. Copyright © 2017 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  7. Expression of Death Receptor 4 Is Positively Regulated by MEK/ERK/AP-1 Signaling and Suppressed upon MEK Inhibition*

    PubMed Central

    Yao, Weilong; Oh, You-Take; Deng, Jiusheng; Yue, Ping; Deng, Liang; Huang, Henry; Zhou, Wei; Sun, Shi-Yong

    2016-01-01

    Death receptor 4 (DR4) is a cell surface receptor for tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and triggers apoptosis upon ligation with TRAIL or aggregation. MEK/ERK signaling is a well known and the best-studied effector pathway downstream of Ras and Raf. This study focuses on determining the impact of pharmacological MEK inhibition on DR4 expression and elucidating the underlying mechanism. We found that several MEK inhibitors including MEK162, AZD6244, and PD0325901 effectively decreased DR4 protein levels including cell surface DR4 in different cancer cell lines. Accordingly, pre-treatment of TRAIL-sensitive cancer cell lines with a MEK inhibitor desensitized them to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. These results indicate that MEK inhibition negatively regulates DR4 expression and cell response to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. MEK inhibitors did not alter DR4 protein stability, rather decreased its mRNA levels, suggesting a transcriptional regulation. In contrast, enforced activation of MEK/ERK signaling by expressing ectopic B-Raf (V600E) or constitutively activated MEK1 (MEK1-CA) or MEK2 (MEK2-CA) activated ERK and increased DR4 expression; these effects were inhibited when a MEK inhibitor was present. Promoter analysis through deletion and mutation identified the AP-1 binding site as an essential response element for enhancing DR4 transactivation by MEK1-CA. Furthermore, inhibition of AP-1 by c-Jun knockdown abrogated the ability of MEK1-CA to increase DR4 promoter activity and DR4 expression. These results suggest an essential role of AP-1 in mediating MEK/ERK activation-induced DR4 expression. Our findings together highlight a previously undiscovered mechanism that positively regulates DR4 expression through activation of the MEK/ERK/AP-1 signaling pathway. PMID:27576686

  8. Oral administration of non-absorbable delayed release 6-mercaptopurine is locally active in the gut, exerts a systemic immune effect and alleviates Crohn’s disease with low rate of side effects: results of double blind Phase II clinical trial

    PubMed Central

    Israeli, E; Goldin, E; Fishman, S; Konikoff, F; Lavy, A; Chowers, Y; Melzer, E; Lahat, A; Mahamid, M; Shirin, H; Nussinson, E; Segol, O; Ya’acov, A Ben; Shabbat, Y; Ilan, Y

    2015-01-01

    Therapy for Crohn’s disease (CD) with thiopurines is limited by systemic side effects. A novel formulation of fixed-dose, delayed-release 6-mercaptopurine (DR-6MP) was developed, with local effect on the gut immune system and minimal absorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of DR-6MP in patients with moderately severe CD compared to systemically delivered 6-mercaptopurine (Purinethol). Seventy CD patients were enrolled into a 12-week, double-blind controlled trial. The primary end-point was the percentage of subjects with clinical remission [Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) < 150] or clinical response (100-point CDAI reduction). Twenty-six (56·5%) and 13 (54·2%) subjects from the DR-6MP and Purinethol cohorts, respectively, completed the study. DR-6MP had similar efficacy to Purinethol following 12 weeks of treatment. However, the time to maximal clinical response was 8 weeks for DR-6MP versus 12 weeks for Purinethol. A higher proportion of patients on DR-6MP showed clinical remission at week 8. A greater improvement in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) score was noted in the DR-6MP group. DR-6MP led to a decrease of CD62+ expression on T cells, implying a reduction of lymphocyte adhesion to site of inflammation. DR-6MP was safer than Purinethol, with significantly fewer adverse events (AEs). There was no evidence of drug-induced leucopenia in the DR-6MP group; the proportion of subjects who developed hepatotoxicity was lower for the DR-6MP. Non-absorbable DR-6MP is safe and biologically active in the gut. It is clinically effective, exerting a systemic immune response with low systemic bioavailability and a low incidence of side effects. PMID:25846055

  9. Oral administration of non-absorbable delayed release 6-mercaptopurine is locally active in the gut, exerts a systemic immune effect and alleviates Crohn's disease with low rate of side effects: results of double blind Phase II clinical trial.

    PubMed

    Israeli, E; Goldin, E; Fishman, S; Konikoff, F; Lavy, A; Chowers, Y; Melzer, E; Lahat, A; Mahamid, M; Shirin, H; Nussinson, E; Segol, O; Ya'acov, A Ben; Shabbat, Y; Ilan, Y

    2015-08-01

    Therapy for Crohn's disease (CD) with thiopurines is limited by systemic side effects. A novel formulation of fixed-dose, delayed-release 6-mercaptopurine (DR-6MP) was developed, with local effect on the gut immune system and minimal absorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of DR-6MP in patients with moderately severe CD compared to systemically delivered 6-mercaptopurine (Purinethol). Seventy CD patients were enrolled into a 12-week, double-blind controlled trial. The primary end-point was the percentage of subjects with clinical remission [Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) < 150] or clinical response (100-point CDAI reduction). Twenty-six (56·5%) and 13 (54·2%) subjects from the DR-6MP and Purinethol cohorts, respectively, completed the study. DR-6MP had similar efficacy to Purinethol following 12 weeks of treatment. However, the time to maximal clinical response was 8 weeks for DR-6MP versus 12 weeks for Purinethol. A higher proportion of patients on DR-6MP showed clinical remission at week 8. A greater improvement in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) score was noted in the DR-6MP group. DR-6MP led to a decrease of CD62(+) expression on T cells, implying a reduction of lymphocyte adhesion to site of inflammation. DR-6MP was safer than Purinethol, with significantly fewer adverse events (AEs). There was no evidence of drug-induced leucopenia in the DR-6MP group; the proportion of subjects who developed hepatotoxicity was lower for the DR-6MP. Non-absorbable DR-6MP is safe and biologically active in the gut. It is clinically effective, exerting a systemic immune response with low systemic bioavailability and a low incidence of side effects. © 2015 British Society for Immunology.

  10. Anterior Diabetic Retinopathy Studied by Ultra-widefield Angiography

    PubMed Central

    Bae, Kunho; Lee, Ju Yeon; Kim, Tae Hyup; Cho, Ga Eun; Ahn, Jeeyun; Kim, Sang Jin; Kim, Jae Hyun

    2016-01-01

    Purpose To evaluate the prevalence of anterior type diabetic retinopathy (DR) using ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography and to identify the factors associated with anterior type DR incidence. Methods A retrospective case review was used in this study. Patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) underwent examination by ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography, and were classified into anterior, posterior, or diffuse DR groups. Anterior DR was defined if diabetic retinal changes were noted only at the location anterior to the imaginary circle bordered by the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study seven-standard fields. Correlations between demographic data, as well as systemic and ocular factors, and the incidence of NPDR types were evaluated. Results Among the 234 eyes of 234 patients with NPDR, 25 eyes (10.7%) demonstrated anterior DR. Anterior DR was observed in 10 eyes (30.3%) of patients having mild NPDR, three eyes (4.8%) of moderate NPDR patients, and in 12 eyes (7.1%) of severe NPDR patients (p < 0.001). The incidence of anterior DR positively correlated with lower hemoglobin A1c levels and with greater high-density lipoprotein levels following multiple logistic regression analysis (p < 0.001). The mean hemoglobin A1c level was 7.03 ± 0.99% in anterior DR, 7.99 ± 1.74% in posterior DR, and 7.94 ± 1.39% in diffuse DR patients (p = 0.003). The mean high-density lipoprotein level was 51.2 ± 12.5 mg/dL in anterior, 49.7 ± 15.2 mg/dL in posterior, and 45.2 ± 13.1 mg/dL in diffuse DR patients (p = 0.010). Conclusions Diabetic retinal changes confined to an anterior location were more frequently noted in earlier stages of NPDR. The incidence of DR sparing posterior retinal involvement was related to favorable blood sugar and lipid profiles. PMID:27729754

  11. Disability risk in pediatric motor vehicle crash occupants.

    PubMed

    Doud, Andrea N; Schoell, Samantha L; Weaver, Ashley A; Talton, Jennifer W; Barnard, Ryan T; Petty, John K; Stitzel, Joel D

    2017-05-01

    Mortality rates among children in motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) are typically low; however, nonfatal injuries can vary in severity by imposing differing levels of short- and long-term disability. To better discriminate the severity of nonfatal MVC injuries, a pediatric-specific disability risk (DR) metric was created. The National Automotive Sampling System 2000 to 2011 was used to define the top 95% most common Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) 2+ injuries among pediatric MVC occupants. Functional Independence Measure scores were abstracted from the National Trauma Data Bank 2002 to 2006. Multiple imputation was used to account for missing data. The DR and coinjury-adjusted DR (DRMAIS) of the most common AIS 2+ MVC-induced injuries were calculated for 7-year-old to 18-year-old children by determining the proportion of those disabled after an injury to those sustaining the injury. DR and DRMAIS values ranged from 0 to 1, representing 0% to 100% DR. The mean DR and DRMAIS of all injuries were 0.290 and 0.191, respectively. DR and DRMAIS were greatest for injuries to the head (DR, 0.340; DRMAIS, 0.279), thorax (DR, 0.320; DRMAIS, 0.233), and spine (DR, 0.315; DRMAIS, 0.200). The mean DR and DRMAIS increased with increasing AIS severity but there was significant variation and overlapping values across AIS severity levels. Comparison of DRMAIS to coinjury-adjusted mortality risk (MRMAIS) revealed that among 118 injuries with MRMAIS of 0.000, DRMAIS ranged from 0.000 to 0.429. Incorporation of DR metrics into injury severity metrics may improve the ability to distinguish between the severity of different nonfatal injuries. This is especially crucial in the pediatric population where permanent disability can result in a high number of years lost due to disability. The accuracy of such severity metrics is crucial to the success of pediatric triage algorithms such as Advanced Automatic Crash Notification algorithms. Epidemiologic/prognostic study, level III.

  12. The Malaysian Orthopaedic Association humanitarian mission to Indonesia and Sri Lanka.

    PubMed

    Sharaf, I; Saw, A; Hyzan, Y; Sivananthan, K S

    2005-07-01

    The tsunami which occurred off the west coast of North Sumatra on December 26, 2004 devastated the coastal areas of North Sumatra, South-West Thailand, South-East India and Sri Lanka killing more than a quarter of a million people. The destruction was enormous with many coastal villages destroyed. The other countries affected were Malaysia, Myanmar, Maldives, Bangladesh, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania and the Seychelles. In January 2005, volunteers went in weekly rotation to Banda Aceh in collaboration with Global Peace Mission. These were Dr Hyzan Yusof, Dr Suryasmi Duski, Dr Sharaf Ibrahim, Dr Saw Aik, Dr Kamariah Nor and Dr Nor Azlin. In Banda Aceh, the surgical procedures that we could do were limited to external fixation of open fractures and debriding infected wounds at the Indonesian Red Crescent field hospital. In February, a team comprising Dato Dr K S Sivananthan, Dr T Kumar and Dr S Vasan spent a week in Sri Lanka. In Sri Lanka, Dato Sivananthan and his team were able to perform elective orthopaedic operations in Dr Poonambalam Memorial Hospital. We appealed for national and international aid and received support from local hospitals and the orthopaedic industry. International aid bound for Banda Aceh arrived in Kuala Lumpur from the Philippine Orthopaedic Association, the Chiba Children's Hospital in Japan and the Chinese Orthopaedic Association. The COA donated 1.5 tons of orthopaedic equipments. A special handing over ceremony from the COA to the Indonesian Orthopaedic Association was held in Putrajaya in March. Malaysia Airlines flew in the donated equipment to Kuala Lumpur while the onward flight to Aceh was provided by the Royal Malaysian Air Force. In April, Dr Saw Aik and Dr Yong Su Mei joined the Tsu-Chi International Medical Association for volunteer services on Batam Island, Indonesia. The MOA acknowledges the many individuals and organizations, both governmental and non-governmental, for their contributions in the humanitarian efforts.

  13. Risk of eating disorders in a non-western setting: an exploratory study in Khartoum state, Sudan.

    PubMed

    Lau, Charlotte C L; Ambrosino, Elena

    2017-12-01

    Recent research suggests an emergence of eating disorders [ED] in non-western settings for unknown reasons. This research investigates the presence of ED in Khartoum State [Sudan], and explores relevant factors amongst women at risk of ED and stakeholders involved with mental health care and policy-making. Women from four summer schools were approached and screened for risk of ED using a validated and adapted form of the Eating Attitudes Test-26. Focus groups were performed within the schools, selected participants at high risk were interviewed, and interviews with stakeholders were performed. Around a third (32.6%) of participants scored as having high risk of ED. Interviews showed recurring themes determining eating attitudes including: intention, knowledge, environment and habit. Stakeholders' opinions depended on whether they work directly with those affected by ED or in policy-making. The former advocated increased attention on ED, the latter did not. Overall, services for ED were lacking. A high presence of negative eating attitudes was found amongst screened participants with high risk of ED. Individual intention overrides all other determinants for abnormal eating. Moreover, evidence suggests that westernization may attribute to ED, supporting the view that ED are culturally bound. The differing stakeholders' views, together with other data found in this study, allow a number of recommendations for increasing awareness and identification of ED in Sudan.

  14. Emergency Department Length of Stay: Accuracy of Patient Estimates

    PubMed Central

    Parker, Brendan T.; Marco, Catherine

    2014-01-01

    Introduction Managing a patient’s expectations in the emergency department (ED) environment is challenging. Previous studies have identified several factors associated with ED patient satisfaction. Lengthy wait times have shown to be associated with dissatisfaction with ED care. Understanding that patients are inaccurate at their estimation of wait time, which could lead to lower satisfaction, provides administrators possible points of intervention to help improve accuracy of estimation and possibly satisfaction with the ED. This study was undertaken to examine the accuracy of patient estimates of time periods in an ED and identify factors associated with accuracy. Method In this prospective convenience sample survey at UTMC ED, we collected data between March and July 2012. Outcome measures included duration of each phase of ED care and patient estimates of these time periods. Results Among 309 participants, the majority underestimated the total length of stay (LOS) in the ED (median difference −7 minutes (IQR −29-12)). There was significant variability in ED LOS (median 155 minutes (IQR 75–240)). No significant associations were identified between accuracy of time estimates and gender, age, race, or insurance status. Participants with longer ED LOS demonstrated lower patient satisfaction scores (p<0.001). Conclusion Patients demonstrated inaccurate time estimates of ED treatment times, including total LOS. Patients with longer ED LOS had lower patient satisfaction scores. PMID:24672606

  15. Fas-associated Protein with Death Domain (FADD)-independent Recruitment of c-FLIPL to Death Receptor 5*

    PubMed Central

    Jin, Tai-Guang; Kurakin, Alexei; Benhaga, Nordine; Abe, Karon; Mohseni, Mehrdad; Sandra, Ferry; Song, Keli; Kay, Brian K.; Khosravi-Far, Roya

    2010-01-01

    Here we show a novel mechanism by which FLICE-like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) regulates apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and one of its receptors, DR5. c-FLIP is a critical regulator of the TNF family of cytokine receptor signaling. c-FLIP has been postulated to prevent formation of the competent death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) in a ligand-dependent manner, through its interaction with FADD and/or caspase-8. In order to identify regulators of TRAIL function, we used the intracellular death domain (DD) of DR5 as a target to screen a phage-displayed combinatorial peptide library. The DD of DR5 selected from the library a peptide that showed sequence similarity to a stretch of amino acids in the C terminus of c-FLIPL. The phage-displayed peptide selectively interacted with the DD of DR5 in in vitro binding assays. Similarly, full-length c-FLIP (c-FLIPL) and the C-terminal p12 domain of c-FLIP interacted with DR5 both in in vitro pull-down assays and in mammalian cells. This interaction was independent of TRAIL. To the contrary, TRAIL treatment released c-FLIPL from DR5, permitting the recruitment of FADD to the active DR5 signaling complex. By employing FADD-deficient Jurkat cells, we demonstrate that DR5 and c-FLIPL interact in a FADD-independent manner. Moreover, we show that a cellular membrane permeable version of the peptide corresponding to the DR5 binding domain of c-FLIP induces apoptosis in mammalian cells. Taken together, these findings indicate that c-FLIPL interacts with the DD of DR5, thus preventing death signaling by DR5 prior to the formation of an active DISC. Because TRAIL and DR5 are ubiquitously expressed, the interaction of c-FLIPL and DR5 indicates a mechanism by which tumor selective apoptosis can be achieved through protecting normal cells from undergoing death receptor-induced apoptosis. PMID:15485835

  16. Interferon gamma-dependent intestinal pathology contributes to the lethality in bacterial superantigen-induced toxic shock syndrome.

    PubMed

    Tilahun, Ashenafi Y; Holz, Marah; Wu, Tsung-Teh; David, Chella S; Rajagopalan, Govindarajan

    2011-02-03

    Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) caused by the superantigen exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes is characterized by robust T cell activation, profound elevation in systemic levels of multiple cytokines, including interferon-γ (IFN-γ), followed by multiple organ dysfunction and often death. As IFN-γ possesses pro- as well as anti-inflammatory properties, we delineated its role in the pathogenesis of TSS. Antibody-mediated in vivo neutralization of IFN-γ or targeted disruption of IFN-γ gene conferred significant protection from lethal TSS in HLA-DR3 transgenic mice. Following systemic high dose SEB challenge, whereas the HLA-DR3.IFN-γ(+/+) mice became sick and succumbed to TSS, HLA-DR3.IFN-γ(-/-) mice appeared healthy and were significantly protected from SEB-induced lethality. SEB-induced systemic cytokine storm was significantly blunted in HLA-DR3.IFN-γ(-/-) transgenic mice. Serum concentrations of several cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-12p40 and IL-17) and chemokines (KC, rantes, eotaxin and MCP-1) were significantly lower in HLA-DR3.IFN-γ(-/-) transgenic mice. However, SEB-induced T cell expansion in the spleens was unaffected and expansion of SEB-reactive TCR Vβ8(+) CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells was even more pronounced in HLA-DR3.IFN-γ(-/-) transgenic mice when compared to HLA-DR3.IFN-γ(+/+) mice. A systematic histopathological examination of several vital organs revealed that both HLA-DR3.IFN-γ(+/+) and HLA-DR3.IFN-γ(-/-) transgenic mice displayed comparable severe inflammatory changes in lungs, and liver during TSS. Remarkably, whereas the small intestines from HLA-DR3.IFN-γ(+/+) transgenic mice displayed significant pathological changes during TSS, the architecture of small intestines in HLA-DR3.IFN-γ(-/-) transgenic mice was preserved. In concordance with these histopathological changes, the gut permeability to macromolecules was dramatically increased in HLA-DR3.IFN-γ(+/+) but not HLA-DR3.IFN-γ(-/-) mice during TSS. Overall, IFN-γ seemed to play a lethal role in the immunopathogenesis of TSS by inflicting fatal small bowel pathology. Our study thus identifies the important role for IFN-γ in TSS.

  17. Dissecting the Gene Network of Dietary Restriction to Identify Evolutionarily Conserved Pathways and New Functional Genes

    PubMed Central

    Wuttke, Daniel; Connor, Richard; Vora, Chintan; Craig, Thomas; Li, Yang; Wood, Shona; Vasieva, Olga; Shmookler Reis, Robert; Tang, Fusheng; de Magalhães, João Pedro

    2012-01-01

    Dietary restriction (DR), limiting nutrient intake from diet without causing malnutrition, delays the aging process and extends lifespan in multiple organisms. The conserved life-extending effect of DR suggests the involvement of fundamental mechanisms, although these remain a subject of debate. To help decipher the life-extending mechanisms of DR, we first compiled a list of genes that if genetically altered disrupt or prevent the life-extending effects of DR. We called these DR–essential genes and identified more than 100 in model organisms such as yeast, worms, flies, and mice. In order for other researchers to benefit from this first curated list of genes essential for DR, we established an online database called GenDR (http://genomics.senescence.info/diet/). To dissect the interactions of DR–essential genes and discover the underlying lifespan-extending mechanisms, we then used a variety of network and systems biology approaches to analyze the gene network of DR. We show that DR–essential genes are more conserved at the molecular level and have more molecular interactions than expected by chance. Furthermore, we employed a guilt-by-association method to predict novel DR–essential genes. In budding yeast, we predicted nine genes related to vacuolar functions; we show experimentally that mutations deleting eight of those genes prevent the life-extending effects of DR. Three of these mutants (OPT2, FRE6, and RCR2) had extended lifespan under ad libitum, indicating that the lack of further longevity under DR is not caused by a general compromise of fitness. These results demonstrate how network analyses of DR using GenDR can be used to make phenotypically relevant predictions. Moreover, gene-regulatory circuits reveal that the DR–induced transcriptional signature in yeast involves nutrient-sensing, stress responses and meiotic transcription factors. Finally, comparing the influence of gene expression changes during DR on the interactomes of multiple organisms led us to suggest that DR commonly suppresses translation, while stimulating an ancient reproduction-related process. PMID:22912585

  18. The effect of dietary restriction on reproduction: a meta-analytic perspective.

    PubMed

    Moatt, Joshua P; Nakagawa, Shinichi; Lagisz, Malgorzata; Walling, Craig A

    2016-10-07

    Dietary restriction (DR), a reduction in the amount of food or particular nutrients eaten, is the most consistent environmental manipulation to extend lifespan and protect against age related diseases. Current evolutionary theory explains this effect as a shift in the resolution of the trade-off between lifespan and reproduction. However, recent studies have questioned the role of reproduction in mediating the effect of DR on longevity and no study has quantitatively investigated the effect of DR on reproduction across species. Here we report a comprehensive comparative meta-analysis of the effect of DR on reproduction. In general, DR reduced reproduction across taxa, but several factors moderated this effect. The effect of DR on reproduction was greater in well-studied model species (yeast, nematode worms, fruit flies and rodents) than non-model species. This mirrors recent results for longevity and, for reproduction, seems to result from a faster rate of decline with decreasing resources in model species. Our results also suggested that not all reproductive traits are affected equally by DR. High and moderate cost reproductive traits suffered a significant reduction with DR, but low cost traits, such as ejaculate production, did not. Although the effect of DR on reproduction was stronger in females than males, this sex difference reduced to near zero when accounting for other co-factors such as the costliness of the reproductive trait. Thus, sex differences in the effect of DR on longevity may be due to a failure to expose males to as complete a range of the costs of reproduction as females. We suggest that to better understand the generality of the effect of DR, future studies should attempt to address the cause of the apparent model species bias and ensure that individuals are exposed to as many of the costs of reproduction as possible. Furthermore, our meta-analytic approach reveals a general shortage of DR studies that record reproduction, particularly in males, as well as a lack of direct side-by-side comparisons of the effect of DR on males and females.

  19. gp140, the EBV/C3d receptor (CR2) of human B lymphocytes, is involved in cell-free phosphorylation of p120, a nuclear ribonucleoprotein.

    PubMed

    Delcayre, A X; Fiandino, A; Barel, M; Frade, R

    1987-12-01

    gp140, the EB/C3d receptor (EBV/C3dR; CR2), is a membrane site involved in human B cell regulation. Cross-linking of this receptor on the cell surface by its specific ligands led to the enhancement of B cell proliferation in synergy with T cell factors. In vitro activation of human peripheral B lymphocytes by cross-linking membrane immunoglobulins with anti-mu antibody induced EBV/C3dR phosphorylation. These studies were pursued by analyzing cell-free phosphorylation of EBV/C3dR isolated from Raji cell fractions, and immobilized on OKB7, a monoclonal anti-EBV/C3dR antibody. Three EBV/C3dR-related antigens which could be cell-free phosphorylated were detected: gp140, the EBV/C3dR, p130 and p120. gp140, the mature form of EBV/C3dR, was isolated from plasma membrane and from purified nuclei. p130 was identified as an intracellular intermediate of EBV/C3dR glycosylation, localized in low-density microsomes. Phosphoamino acid analysis of EBV/C3dR allowed the detection of phosphotyrosine and phosphoserine residues. These data suggest that EBV/C3dR could carry an autophosphorylation activity and could be associated to serine kinases. Using polyclonal anti-p120 antibody and anti-120 kDa nuclear ribonucleoprotein monoclonal antibody (mAb), p120 was identified as a nuclear ribonucleoprotein antigenically not related to EBV/C3dR. Detection of p120 on EBV/C3dR, immobilized on OKB7, was due to interactions between both antigens, instead of anti-EBV/C3dR mAb cross-reactivity with p120. Cell-free phosphorylation of p120 was under the control of EBV/C3dR. However, it is not yet established whether other nuclear or membrane components were involved in the control of p120 cell-free phosphorylation by EBV/C3dR. From the data presented herein, we propose that phosphorylation of a 120-kDa nuclear ribonucleoprotein by EBV/C3dR-associated kinases could represent a crucial step in in vivo regulation of human B cell activation.

  20. [Comparison of red edge parameters of winter wheat canopy under late frost stress].

    PubMed

    Wu, Yong-feng; Hu, Xin; Lü, Guo-hua; Ren, De-chao; Jiang, Wei-guo; Song, Ji-qing

    2014-08-01

    In the present study, late frost experiments were implemented under a range of subfreezing temperatures (-1 - -9 degrees C) by using a field movable climate chamber (FMCC) and a cold climate chamber, respectively. Based on the spectra of winter wheat canopy measured at noon on the first day after the frost experiments, red edge parameters REP, Dr, SDr, Dr(min), Dr/Dr(min) and Dr/SDr were extracted using maximum first derivative spectrum method (FD), linear four-point interpolation method (FPI), polynomial fitting method (POLY), inverted Gaussian fitting method (IG) and linear extrapolation technique (LE), respectively. The capacity of the red edge parameters to detect late frost stress was explicated from the aspects of the early, sensitivity and stability through correlation analysis, linear regression modeling and fluctuation analysis. The result indicates that except for REP calculated from FPI and IG method in Experiment 1, REP from the other methods was correlated with frost temperatures (P < 0.05). Thereinto, significant levels (P) of POLY and LE methods all reached 0.01. Except for POLY method in Experiment 2, Dr/SDr from the other methods were all significantly correlated with frost temperatures (P < 0.01). REP showed a trend to shift to short-wave band with decreasing temperatures. The lower the temperature, the more obvious the trend is. Of all the REP, REP calculated by LE method had the highest correlation with frost temperatures which indicated that LE method is the best for REP extraction. In Experiment 1 and 2, only Dr(min) and Dr/Dr(min), calculated by FD method simultaneously achieved the requirements for the early (their correlations with frost temperatures showed a significant level P < 0.01), sensitivity (abso- lute value of the slope of fluctuation coefficient is greater than 2.0) and stability (their correlations with frost temperatures al- ways keep a consistent direction). Dr/SDr calculated from FD and IG methods always had a low sensitivity in Experiment 2. In Experiment 1, the sensitivity of Dr/SDr from FD was moderate and IG was high. REP calculated from LE method had a lowest sensitivity in the two experiments. Totally, Dr(min) and Dr/Dr(min) calculated by FD method have the strongest detection capacity for frost temperature, which will be helpful to conducting the research on early diagnosis of late frost injury to winter wheat.

  1. Incidence and Risk Factors for Developing Diabetic Retinopathy among Youths with Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes throughout the United States.

    PubMed

    Wang, Sophia Y; Andrews, Chris A; Herman, William H; Gardner, Thomas W; Stein, Joshua D

    2017-04-01

    Despite the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among children and adolescents, little is known about their risk of developing diabetic retinopathy (DR). We sought to identify risk factors for DR in youths with diabetes mellitus, to compare DR rates for youths with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and those with T2DM, and to assess whether adherence to DR screening guidelines promoted by the American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Academy of Pediatrics, and American Diabetes Association adequately capture youths with DR. Retrospective observational longitudinal cohort study. Youths aged ≤21 years with newly diagnosed T1DM or T2DM who were enrolled in a large US managed-care network. In this study of youths aged ≤21 years with newly diagnosed T1DM or T2DM who were under ophthalmic surveillance, we identified the incidence and timing of DR onset. Kaplan-Meier survival curves assessed the timing of initial diagnosis of DR for participants. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression modeling identified factors associated with the hazard of developing DR. Model predictors were age and calendar year at initial diabetes mellitus diagnosis, sex, race/ethnicity, net worth, and glycated hemoglobin A 1c fraction (HbA 1c ). Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for developing DR. Among the 2240 youths with T1DM and 1768 youths with T2DM, 20.1% and 7.2% developed DR over a median follow-up time of 3.2 and 3.1 years, respectively. Survival curves demonstrated that youths with T1DM developed DR faster than youths with T2DM (P < 0.0001). For every 1-point increase in HbA 1c , the hazard for DR increased by 20% (HR = 1.20; 95% CI 1.06-1.35) and 30% (HR = 1.30; 95% CI 1.08-1.56) among youths with T1DM and T2DM, respectively. Current guidelines suggest that ophthalmic screening begin 3 to 5 years after initial diabetes mellitus diagnosis, at which point in our study, >18% of youths with T1DM had already received ≥1 DR diagnosis. Youths with T1DM or T2DM exhibit a considerable risk for DR and should undergo regular screenings by eye-care professionals to ensure timely DR diagnosis and limit progression to vision-threatening disease. Copyright © 2016 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  2. HLA-DPB1*04:01 Protects Genetically Susceptible Children from Celiac Disease Autoimmunity in the TEDDY Study.

    PubMed

    Hadley, David; Hagopian, William; Liu, Edwin; She, Jin-Xiong; Simell, Olli; Akolkar, Beena; Ziegler, Anette-G; Rewers, Marian; Krischer, Jeffrey P; Chen, Wei-Min; Onengut-Gumuscu, Suna; Bugawan, Teodorica L; Rich, Stephen S; Erlich, Henry; Agardh, Daniel

    2015-06-01

    Tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies (tTGAs) represent the first evidence of celiac disease (CD) development. Associations of HLA-DR3-DQA1*05:01-DQB1*02:01 (i.e., DR3-DQ2) and, to a lesser extent, DR4-DQA1*03:01-DQB1*03:02 (i.e., DR4-DQ8) with the risk of CD differ by country, consistent with additional genetic heterogeneity that further refines risk. Therefore, we examined human leukocyte antigen (HLA) factors other than DR3-DQ2 for their contribution to developing tTGAs. The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study enrolled 8,676 infants at an increased HLA-DR-DQ risk for type 1 diabetes and CD into a 15-year prospective surveillance follow-up. Of those followed up, 21% (n=1,813) carried DR3-DQ2/DR3-DQ2, 39% (n=3,359) carried DR3-DQ2/DR4-DQ8, 20% (n=1701) carried DR4-DQ8/DR4-DQ8, and 17% (n=1,493) carried DR4-DQ8/DQ4. Within TEDDY, a nested case-control design of 248 children with CD autoimmunity (CDA) and 248 matched control children were genotyped for HLA-B, -DRB3, -DRB4, -DPA1, and -DPB1 genes, and the entire cohort was genotyped for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using the Illumina ImmunoChip. CDA was defined as a positive tTGA test at two consecutive clinic visits, whereas matching in those with no evidence of tTGAs was based on the presence of HLA-DQ2, country, and sex. After adjustment for DR3-DQ2 and restriction to allele frequency (AF) ≥5%, HLA-DPB1*04:01 was inversely associated with CDA by conditional logistic regression (AF=44%, odds ratio=0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.53-0.96, P=0.025). This association of time to CDA and HLA-DPB1*04:01 was replicated with statistical significance in the remainder of the cohort using imputation for specific HLA alleles based on SNP genotyping (hazard ratio=0.84, 95% CI=0.73-0.96, P=0.013). HLA-DPB1*04:01 may reduce the risk of tTGAs, an early marker of CD, among DR3-DQ2 children, confirming that additional variants in the HLA region influence the risk for CDA.

  3. A Host Susceptibility Gene, DR1, Facilitates Influenza A Virus Replication by Suppressing Host Innate Immunity and Enhancing Viral RNA Replication

    PubMed Central

    Hsu, Shih-Feng; Su, Wen-Chi; Jeng, King-Song

    2015-01-01

    ABSTRACT Influenza A virus (IAV) depends on cellular factors to complete its replication cycle; thus, investigation of the factors utilized by IAV may facilitate antiviral drug development. To this end, a cellular transcriptional repressor, DR1, was identified from a genome-wide RNA interference (RNAi) screen. Knockdown (KD) of DR1 resulted in reductions of viral RNA and protein production, demonstrating that DR1 acts as a positive host factor in IAV replication. Genome-wide transcriptomic analysis showed that there was a strong induction of interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression after prolonged DR1 KD. We found that beta interferon (IFN-β) was induced by DR1 KD, thereby activating the JAK-STAT pathway to turn on ISG expression, which led to a strong inhibition of IAV replication. This result suggests that DR1 in normal cells suppresses IFN induction, probably to prevent undesired cytokine production, but that this suppression may create a milieu that favors IAV replication once cells are infected. Furthermore, biochemical assays of viral RNA replication showed that DR1 KD suppressed viral RNA replication. We also showed that DR1 associated with all three subunits of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) complex, indicating that DR1 may interact with individual components of the viral RdRp complex to enhance viral RNA replication. Thus, DR1 may be considered a novel host susceptibility gene for IAV replication via a dual mechanism, not only suppressing the host defense to indirectly favor IAV replication but also directly facilitating viral RNA replication. IMPORTANCE Investigations of virus-host interactions involved in influenza A virus (IAV) replication are important for understanding viral pathogenesis and host defenses, which may manipulate influenza virus infection or prevent the emergence of drug resistance caused by a high error rate during viral RNA replication. For this purpose, a cellular transcriptional repressor, DR1, was identified from a genome-wide RNAi screen as a positive regulator in IAV replication. In the current studies, we showed that DR1 suppressed the gene expression of a large set of host innate immunity genes, which indirectly facilitated IAV replication in the event of IAV infection. Besides this scenario, DR1 also directly enhanced the viral RdRp activity, likely through associating with individual components of the viral RdRp complex. Thus, DR1 represents a novel host susceptibility gene for IAV replication via multiple functions, not only suppressing the host defense but also enhancing viral RNA replication. DR1 may be a potential target for drug development against influenza virus infection. PMID:25589657

  4. Three-Dimensional Static Articulation Accuracy of Virtual Models-Part II: Effect of Model Scanner-CAD Systems and Articulation Method.

    PubMed

    Yee, Sophia Hui Xin; Esguerra, Roxanna Jean; Chew, Amelia Anya Qin'An; Wong, Keng Mun; Tan, Keson Beng Choon

    2018-02-01

    Accurate maxillomandibular relationship transfer is important for CAD/CAM prostheses. This study compared the 3D-accuracy of virtual model static articulation in three laboratory scanner-CAD systems (Ceramill Map400 [AG], inEos X5 [SIR], Scanner S600 Arti [ZKN]) using two virtual articulation methods: mounted models (MO), interocclusal record (IR). The master model simulated a single crown opposing a 3-unit fixed partial denture. Reference values were obtained by measuring interarch and interocclusal reference features with a coordinate measuring machine (CMM). MO group stone casts were articulator-mounted with acrylic resin bite registrations while IR group casts were hand-articulated with poly(vinyl siloxane) bite registrations. Five test model sets were scanned and articulated virtually with each system (6 test groups, 15 data sets). STL files of the virtual models were measured with CMM software. dR R , dR C , and dR L , represented interarch global distortions at right, central, and left sides, respectively, while dR M , dX M , dY M , and dZ M represented interocclusal global and linear distortions between preparations. Mean interarch 3D distortion ranged from -348.7 to 192.2 μm for dR R , -86.3 to 44.1 μm for dR C , and -168.1 to 4.4 μm for dR L . Mean interocclusal distortion ranged from -257.2 to -85.2 μm for dR M , -285.7 to 183.9 μm for dX M , -100.5 to 114.8 μm for dY M , and -269.1 to -50.6 μm for dZ M . ANOVA showed that articulation method had significant effect on dR R and dX M , while system had a significant effect on dR R , dR C , dR L , dR M , and dZ M . There were significant differences between 6 test groups for dR R, dR L dX M , and dZ M . dR R and dX M were significantly greater in AG-IR, and this was significantly different from SIR-IR, ZKN-IR, and all MO groups. Interarch and interocclusal distances increased in MO groups, while they decreased in IR groups. AG-IR had the greatest interarch distortion as well as interocclusal superior-inferior distortion. The other groups performed similarly to each other, and the overall interarch distortion did not exceed 0.7%. In these systems and articulation methods, interocclusal distortions may result in hyper- or infra-occluded prostheses. © 2017 by the American College of Prosthodontists.

  5. The role of leader behaviors in hospital-based emergency departments' unit performance and employee work satisfaction.

    PubMed

    Lin, Blossom Yen-Ju; Hsu, Chung-Ping C; Juan, Chi-Wen; Lin, Cheng-Chieh; Lin, Hung-Jung; Chen, Jih-Chang

    2011-01-01

    The role of the leader of a medical unit has evolved over time to expand from simply a medical role to a more managerial one. This study aimed to explore how the behavior of a hospital-based emergency department's (ED's) leader might be related to ED unit performance and ED employees' work satisfaction. One hundred and twelve hospital-based EDs in Taiwan were studied: 10 in medical centers, 32 in regional hospitals, and 70 in district hospitals. Three instruments were designed to assess leader behaviors, unit performance and employee satisfaction in these hospital-based EDs. A mail survey revealed that task-oriented leader behavior was positively related to ED unit performance. Both task- and employee-oriented leader behaviors were found to be positively related to ED nurses' work satisfaction. However, leader behaviors were not shown to be related to ED physicians' work satisfaction at a statistically significant level. Some ED organizational characteristics, however, namely departmentalization and hospital accreditation level, were found to be related to ED physicians' work satisfaction. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  6. Characteristics on electodynamic suspension simulator with HTS levitation magnet

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lee, J.; Bae, D. K.; Sim, K.; Chung, Y. D.; Lee, Y.-S.

    2009-10-01

    High- Tc superconducting (HTSC) electrodynamic suspension (EDS) system basically consists of the HTSC levitation magnet and the ground conductor. The levitation force of EDS system is forms by the interaction between the moving magnetic field produced by the onboard levitation magnet and the induced magnetic field produced by eddy current in the ground conductor. This paper deals with the characteristics of the EDS simulators with high- Tc superconducting (HTS) levitation magnet. Two EDS simulator systems, rotating type EDS simulator and static type EDS simulator, were studied in this paper. The rotating type EDS simulator consists of a HTS levitation magnet and a 1.5 m diameter rotating ground conductor, a motor, the supporting structure and force measuring devices. In the static type EDS simulator, instead of moving magnetic field, AC current was applied to the fixed HTS levitation magnet to induce the eddy current. The static type EDS simulator consists of a HTS levitation magnet, a ground conductor, force measuring devices and supporting structure. The double-pancake type HTSC levitation magnet was designed, manufactured and tested in the EDS simulator.

  7. When the visit to the emergency department is medically nonurgent: provider ideologies and patient advice.

    PubMed

    Guttman, N; Nelson, M S; Zimmerman, D R

    2001-03-01

    It is estimated that more than half of pediatric hospital emergency department (ED) visits are medically nonurgent. Anecdotal impressions suggest that ED providers castigate medically nonurgent visits, yet studies on such visits are scarce. This study explored the perspectives of 26 providers working in the EDs of two urban hospitals regarding medically nonurgent pediatric ED visits and advising parents or guardians on appropriate ED use. Three provider ideologies regarding the appropriateness of medically nonurgent ED use were identified and found to be linked to particular communication strategies that providers employed with ED users: restrictive, pragmatic, and all-inclusive. The analysis resulted in the development of a typology of provider ideological orientations toward ED use, distinguished according to different orientations toward professional dominance.

  8. Patient compliance with managed care emergency department referral: an orthopaedic view.

    PubMed

    Saroff, Don; Dell, Rick; Brown, E Richard

    2002-04-01

    Patient compliance with emergency department (ED)-generated referral is an important part of the delivery of quality health care. Although many studies from non-managed care health centers have reported on ED patient compliance, no studies have reported on this in a managed care setting. The objective of this study is to examine patient compliance with ED-generated referral and to produce a benchmark of follow-up rates possible in a capitated managed care system. That is to say, in a health care system whose members pay a uniform per capita payment or fee, one that has salaried physicians, owns its own hospitals, and has a mechanism of transition from ED to outpatient clinic that ensures referral accessibility. Retrospective review of consecutive ED patient compliance with ED-generated referral. All consecutive patients who presented to a managed care hospital's ED with an acute fracture and who were given an outpatient referral during the period from 23rd December 1998 to 23rd January, 1999. Of 8000 consecutive ED patients, 234 were included in the study. Compliance with ED-generated referral was determined from outpatient clinic records. Of the 234 patients treated in the ED and referred, 222 (94.9%) complied with follow-up appointments. We have demonstrated that an ED patient follow-up compliance rate of 94.9% can be obtained. It is probable that the high compliance rate is due to the features of the system studied. The high rate may also be related to the specific diagnosis studied, although previous literature reports poor ED patient compliance for the same diagnosis in a different ED setting. Additional research is needed to determine whether the high compliance rate reported in this study can be obtained in ED settings that are not part of a similar managed care system and to determine the role of referral accessibility (or inaccessibility) in current ED settings.

  9. Leukemia

    MedlinePlus

    ... JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology . 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014:chap ... JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology . 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014:chap ...

  10. Myelomeningocele

    MedlinePlus

    ... Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St. Geme JW, Schor NF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics . 20th ed. Philadelphia, ... Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St. Geme JW, Schor NF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics . 20th ed. Philadelphia, ...

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    MedlinePlus

    ... R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases . 8th ed. Philadelphia, ... R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases . 8th ed. Philadelphia, ...

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    MedlinePlus

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    MedlinePlus

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  15. Osteomalacia

    MedlinePlus

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  16. Stent

    MedlinePlus

    ... of coronary artery disease. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman's Cecil Medicine . 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: ... Atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman's Cecil Medicine . 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: ...

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    MedlinePlus

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  18. Tinea versicolor

    MedlinePlus

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  19. Mittelschmerz

    MedlinePlus

    ... Little M, eds. Textbook of Adult Emergency Medicine . 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2015:626- ... abdomen. In: Goldbloom RB, eds. Pediatric Clinical Skills . 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2011:chap 12. ...

  20. Chemosis

    MedlinePlus

    ... conjunctivitis. In: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology . 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014:chap 4. ... noninfectious. In: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology . 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014:chap 4. ...

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