LTA application of a long trailing wire high speed/low weight reeling system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Werb, D. F.

1975-01-01

The successful development of a unique yet simple reeling system for handling long trailing tensile members at high speeds is described. This high speed when combined with the system simplicity, low weight and effective motive power consumption make this reeling system particularly attractive to LTA planners and designers for numerous LTA missions.

NGOs and gender policy: some issues from the south Indian silk-reeling industry.

PubMed

Mayoux, L

1993-10-01

In India, silk reeling, the middle stage in silk production, is potentially very profitable, and the silk industry has been required to adopt gender-aware policies such as appointing female staff and introducing gender sensitization training. To date, policies designed to encourage women's entrepreneurship in the reeling industry have been unsuccessful. Men have appropriated credit issued in women's names, and no women's cooperatives are currently in operation. The policies designed to encourage female entrepreneurship in reeling woefully overlooked the complexity of this work which involves a substantial investment of capital and significant risk. Women and girls continue to work as unpaid family workers and wage laborers without the benefits of governmental policies to protect their interests. In fact, attempts to introduce labor legislation to protect women have been blocked on the national level by the powerful Reelers' Association. Policies which address gender issues in the family and in the wider context of the silk industry are also lacking, and there is a wide variation in how women are able or unable to manipulate their positions to their advantage. Women's inabilities are the root cause of their inability to become entrepreneurs and improve their labor status. Nongovernmental organizations can enhance entrepreneurship and cooperative development by improving training in all aspects of running a business and in group formation. Women laborers must organize to improve wages and working conditions, and women must be able to increase their control over income and resources and their access to the outside world even as they decrease the time spent on unpaid reproductive labor.

46 CFR Appendix A to Part 520 - Standard Terminology and Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... DTB Firkin FIR Flo-Bin FLO Frame FRM Flask FSK Forward Reel FWR Garment on Hanger GOH Heads of Beef... Private Vehicle POV Pipe Rack PRK Quarters of Beef QTR Rail (semiconductor) RAL Rack RCK Reel REL Roll ROL Reverse Reel RVR Sack SAK Shook SHK Sides of Beef SID Skid SKD Skid, Elev, Lift Trk SKE Sleeve SLV Spin...

46 CFR Appendix A to Part 520 - Standard Terminology and Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... DTB Firkin FIR Flo-Bin FLO Frame FRM Flask FSK Forward Reel FWR Garment on Hanger GOH Heads of Beef... Private Vehicle POV Pipe Rack PRK Quarters of Beef QTR Rail (semiconductor) RAL Rack RCK Reel REL Roll ROL Reverse Reel RVR Sack SAK Shook SHK Sides of Beef SID Skid SKD Skid, Elev, Lift Trk SKE Sleeve SLV Spin...

46 CFR Appendix A to Part 520 - Standard Terminology and Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... DTB Firkin FIR Flo-Bin FLO Frame FRM Flask FSK Forward Reel FWR Garment on Hanger GOH Heads of Beef... Private Vehicle POV Pipe Rack PRK Quarters of Beef QTR Rail (semiconductor) RAL Rack RCK Reel REL Roll ROL Reverse Reel RVR Sack SAK Shook SHK Sides of Beef SID Skid SKD Skid, Elev, Lift Trk SKE Sleeve SLV Spin...

46 CFR Appendix A to Part 520 - Standard Terminology and Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... DTB Firkin FIR Flo-Bin FLO Frame FRM Flask FSK Forward Reel FWR Garment on Hanger GOH Heads of Beef... Private Vehicle POV Pipe Rack PRK Quarters of Beef QTR Rail (semiconductor) RAL Rack RCK Reel REL Roll ROL Reverse Reel RVR Sack SAK Shook SHK Sides of Beef SID Skid SKD Skid, Elev, Lift Trk SKE Sleeve SLV Spin...

46 CFR Appendix A to Part 520 - Standard Terminology and Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... DTB Firkin FIR Flo-Bin FLO Frame FRM Flask FSK Forward Reel FWR Garment on Hanger GOH Heads of Beef... Private Vehicle POV Pipe Rack PRK Quarters of Beef QTR Rail (semiconductor) RAL Rack RCK Reel REL Roll ROL Reverse Reel RVR Sack SAK Shook SHK Sides of Beef SID Skid SKD Skid, Elev, Lift Trk SKE Sleeve SLV Spin...

A Non-Reciprocal Autosomal Translocation 64,XX, t(4;10)(q21;p15) in an Arabian Mare with Repeated Early Embryonic Loss.

PubMed

Ghosh, S; Das, P J; Avila, F; Thwaits, B K; Chowdhary, B P; Raudsepp, T

2016-02-01

Balanced autosomal translocations are a known cause for repeated early embryonic loss (REEL) in horses. In most cases, carriers of such translocations are phenotypically normal, but the chromosomal aberration negatively affects gametogenesis giving rise to both genetically balanced and unbalanced gametes. The latter, if involved in fertilization, result in REEL, whereas gametes with the balanced form of translocation will pass the defect into next generation. Therefore, in order to reduce the incidence of REEL, identification of translocation carriers is critical. Here, we report about a phenotypically normal 3-year-old Arabian mare that had repeated resorption of conceptuses prior to day 45 of gestation and was diagnosed with REEL. Conventional and molecular cytogenetic analyses revealed that the mare had normal chromosome number 64,XX but carried a non-mosaic and non-reciprocal autosomal translocation t(4;10)(q21;p15). This is a novel translocation described in horses with REEL and the first such report in Arabians. Previous cases of REEL due to autosomal translocations have exclusively involved Thoroughbreds. The findings underscore the importance of routine cytogenetic screening of breeding animals. © 2015 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

Development of balloon-borne reel-down and -up winch system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Matsuzaka, Y.; Yamagami, T.; Yamanaka, M. D.; Nishimura, J.

Balloon-borne winches, which can reel down and up scientific instruments repeatedly, have been developed since 1981 in order to observe stratospheric vertical microstuctures. The instrument is suspended by a kevler wire through a traverse-cum ropeguide, and its depth is accurately measured by counting numbers of spool rotations and ropeguide turns. Battery consumption is minimized by utilizing an efficient deccelerator and a hysteresis brake. In 1983 we have successfully performed to reel up and down a 12 kg payload through 1 km for three cycles at 24 km altitude. We are improving the capability of the winch, and have succeeded (May 1984) to reel down a 22 kg payload up to 3 km from a balloon.

75 FR 9531 - Magnuson-Stevens Act Provisions; Correction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-03

..., rod and reel, spear, trap, slurp gun, hand harvest. C. Charter fishery C. Bandit gear, buoy gear..., gillnet, hand harvest, seine, slurp gun, trap, spear, rod and reel, hook and line. 12. Recreational...

9. FLOOR 1: FLOUR BOLTER, REEL IN PLACE BUT CLOTH ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

9. FLOOR 1: FLOUR BOLTER, REEL IN PLACE BUT CLOTH MISSING: LAYSHAFT WHICH FORMERLY DROVE BOLTER IS STORED AGAINST WALL - Windmill at Water Mill, Montauk Highway & Halsey Lane, Water Mill, Suffolk County, NY

Joint Service Chemical and Biological Defense Program. FY00-02 Overview

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-09-01

Development. Contractors: 12 BI DS Biological Integrated Detection System (BIDS) Lead Service Bio Road HERCULES, CA Bruker Analytical Systems BILLERICA, MA...Dynamics Land Systems Division DETROIT, MI Henschel Wehrtechnik GERMANY Bruker -Franzen GERMANY Block II – TBD Milestones Block I MS III (2QFY94) Block...ground. Accessories include hoses and hose reels, two trigger-controlled spray wands , and two electrical-powered scrub brush assemblies. The M22

Helmet weight simulator

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ashworth, B. R.; Hall, A. C.; Clark, C. E. (Inventor)

1981-01-01

A device for providing acceleration cues to the helmet of a simulator pilot is described. Pulleys are attached to both shoulders of the pilot. A cable is attached to both sides of the helmet and extends through the pulleys to a takeup reel that is controlled by a torque motor. Control signals are applied to a servo system including the torque motor, the takeup reel and a force transducer which supplies the feedback signal. In one embodiment of the invention the force transducer is in the cable and in another it is in the takeup reel.

Payout tension control system for reel mounted cable

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Winkler, Gerhard B.

1992-06-01

A payout control arm is angularly displaceable about a brake shaft during payout of a cable from a storage reel in response to tensioning forces transmitted through the cable from a payout load with the cable being entrained about a pulley rotatably carried on the control arm in spaced relation to the brake shaft. Gearing drivingly connects the pulley to the brake shaft to stop payout and cause the cable to frictionally grip the pulley in response to brake engagement thereby preventing continued transmittal of tensioning forces to the reel.

Winding single-molecule double-stranded DNA on a nanometer-sized reel

PubMed Central

You, Huijuan; Iino, Ryota; Watanabe, Rikiya; Noji, Hiroyuki

2012-01-01

A molecular system of a nanometer-sized reel was developed from F1–ATPase, a rotary motor protein. By combination with magnetic tweezers and optical tweezers, single-molecule double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) was wound around the molecular reel. The bending stiffness of dsDNA was determined from the winding tension (0.9–6.0 pN) and the diameter of the wound loop (21.4–8.5 nm). Our results were in good agreement with the conventional worm-like chain model and a persistence length of 54 ± 9 nm was estimated. This molecular reel system offers a new platform for single-molecule study of micromechanics of sharply bent DNA molecules and is expected to be applicable to the elucidation of the molecular mechanism of DNA-associating proteins on sharply bent DNA strands. PMID:22772992

Feasibility model of a high reliability five-year tape transport, Volume 1. [development, performance, and test results

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Eshleman, R. L.; Meyers, A. P.; Davidson, W. A.; Gortowski, R. C.; Anderson, M. E.

1973-01-01

The development, performance, and test results for the spaceborne magnetic tape transport are discussed. An analytical model of the tape transport was used to optimize its conceptual design. Each of the subsystems was subjected to reliability analyses which included structural integrity, maintenance of system performance within acceptable bounds, and avoidance of fatigue failure. These subsystems were also compared with each other in order to evaluate reliability characteristics. The transport uses no mechanical couplings. Four drive motors, one for each reel and one for each of two capstans, are used in a differential mode. There are two hybrid, spherical, cone tapered-crown rollers for tape guidance. Storage of the magnetic tape is provided by a reel assembly which includes the reel, a reel support structure and bearings, dust seals, and a dc drive motor. A summary of transport test results on tape guidance, flutter, and skew is provided.

Tape recorder effects on jitter and shimmer extraction.

PubMed

Doherty, E T; Shipp, T

1988-09-01

To test for possible contamination of acoustic analyses by record/reproduce systems, five sine waves of fixed frequency and amplitude were sampled directly by a computer and recorded simultaneously on four different tape formats (audio and FM reel-to-reel, audio cassette, and video cassette using pulse code modulation). Recordings were digitized on playback and with the direct samples analyzed for fundamental frequency, amplitude, jitter, and shimmer using a zero crossing interpolation scheme. Distortion introduced by any of the data acquisition systems is negligible when extracting average fundamental frequency or average amplitude. For jitter and shimmer estimation, direct sampling or the use of a video cassette recorder with pulse code modulation are clearly superior. FM recorders, although not quite as accurate, provide a satisfactory alternative to those methods. Audio reel-to-reel recordings are marginally adequate for jitter analysis whereas audio cassette recorders can introduce jitter and shimmer values that are greater than some reported values for normal talkers.

MSFC ISS Resource Reel 2016

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-04-01

International Space Station Resource Reel. This video describes shows the International Space Station components, such as the Destiny laboratory and the Quest Airlock, being manufactured at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala. It provides manufacturing and ground testing video and in-flight video of key space station components: the Microgravity Science Glovebox, the Materials Science Research Facility, the Window Observational Research Facility, the Environmental Control Life Support System, and basic research racks. There is video of people working in Marshall's Payload Operations Integration Center where controllers operate experiments 24/7, 365 days a week. Various crews are shown conducting experiments on board the station. PAO Name:Jennifer Stanfield Phone Number:256-544-0034 Email Address: JENNIFER.STANFIELD@NASA.GOV Name/Title of Video: ISS Resource Reel Description: ISS Resource Reel Graphic Information: NASA PAO Name:Tracy McMahan Phone Number:256-544-1634 Email Address: tracy.mcmahan@nasa.gov

Studies on Tasar Cocoon Cooking Using Permeation Method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Javali, Uday C.; Malali, Kiran B.; Ramya, H. G.; Naik, Subhas V.; Padaki, Naveen V.

2018-02-01

Cocoon cooking is an important process before reeling of tasar silk yarn. Cooking ensures loosening of the filaments in the tasar cocoons thereby easing the process of yarn withdrawal during reeling process. Tasar cocoons have very hard shell and hence these cocoons need chemical cooking process to loosen the silk filaments. Attempt has been made in this article to study the effect of using vacuum permeation chamber for tasar cocoon cooking in order to reduce the cooking time and improve the quality of tasar silk yarn. Vacuum assisted permeation cooking method has been studied in this article on tasar daba cocoons for cooking efficiency, deflossing and reelability. Its efficiency has been evaluated with respect to different cooking methods viz, traditional and open pan cooking methods. The tasar silk produced after reeling process has been tested for fineness, strength and cohesion properties. Results indicate that permeation method of tasar cooking ensures uniform cooking with higher efficiency along with better reeling performance and improved yarn properties.

Direct characterization of the energy level alignments and molecular components in an organic hetero-junction by integrated photoemission spectroscopy and reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy analysis.

PubMed

Yun, Dong-Jin; Shin, Weon-Ho; Bulliard, Xavier; Park, Jong Hwan; Kim, Seyun; Chung, Jae Gwan; Kim, Yongsu; Heo, Sung; Kim, Seong Heon

2016-08-26

A novel, direct method for the characterization of the energy level alignments at bulk-heterojunction (BHJ)/electrode interfaces on the basis of electronic spectroscopy measurements is proposed. The home-made in situ photoemission system is used to perform x-ray/ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (XPS/UPS), reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy (REELS) and inverse photoemission spectroscopy of organic-semiconductors (OSCs) deposited onto a Au substrate. Through this analysis system, we are able to obtain the electronic structures of a boron subphthalocyanine chloride:fullerene (SubPC:C60) BHJ and those of the separate OSC/electrode structures (SubPC/Au and C60/Au). Morphology and chemical composition analyses confirm that the original SubPC and C60 electronic structures remain unchanged in the electrodes prepared. Using this technique, we ascertain that the position and area of the nearest peak to the Fermi energy (EF = 0 eV) in the UPS (REELS) spectra of SubPC:C60 BHJ provide information on the highest occupied molecular orbital level (optical band gap) and combination ratio of the materials, respectively. Thus, extracting the adjusted spectrum from the corresponding SubPC:C60 BHJ UPS (REELS) spectrum reveals its electronic structure, equivalent to that of the C60 materials. This novel analytical approach allows complete energy-level determination for each combination ratio by separating its electronic structure information from the BHJ spectrum.

Experimental impact protection with advanced restraint systems : preliminary primate with air bag and inertia reel/inverted-y yoke torso harness.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1969-02-01

Both the inverted-Y yoke torso harness with inertia reel and the air- bag restraint system have had extensive independent development for some time by several engineering and research organizations for both aviation and ground vehicle occupant protec...

50 CFR 600.725 - General prohibitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... and reel, spear. 19. Summer Flounder, Scup, Black Sea Bass Fishery (FMP managed by MAFMC): A. Trawl...-Atlantic Fishery Management Council (MAFMC) 1. Summer Flounder, Scup, Black Sea Bass Fishery (FMP): A... reel, bandit gear, handline, spear, powerhead. B. Black sea bass trap and pot fishery B. Pot, trap. C...

50 CFR 600.725 - General prohibitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... and reel, spear. 19. Summer Flounder, Scup, Black Sea Bass Fishery (FMP managed by MAFMC): A. Trawl...-Atlantic Fishery Management Council (MAFMC) 1. Summer Flounder, Scup, Black Sea Bass Fishery (FMP): A... reel, bandit gear, handline, spear, powerhead. B. Black sea bass trap and pot fishery B. Pot, trap. C...

50 CFR 600.725 - General prohibitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... and reel, spear. 19. Summer Flounder, Scup, Black Sea Bass Fishery (FMP managed by MAFMC): A. Trawl...-Atlantic Fishery Management Council (MAFMC) 1. Summer Flounder, Scup, Black Sea Bass Fishery (FMP): A... reel, bandit gear, handline, spear, powerhead. B. Black sea bass trap and pot fishery B. Pot, trap. C...

76 FR 70216 - Requested Administrative Waiver of the Coastwise Trade Laws; Vessel REEL ATTITUDE; Invitation for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-10

... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Maritime Administration [Docket No. MARAD-2011 0146] Requested Administrative Waiver of the Coastwise Trade Laws; Vessel REEL ATTITUDE; Invitation for Public Comments AGENCY... ATTITUDE is: Intended Commercial Use of Vessel: ``Fishing Charter passenger less than 6.'' Geographic...

High Critical Current in Metal Organic Derived YBCO Films

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-10-31

process, particularly in reel-to- reel manufacturing equipment. During Phase I, a “three-step” conversion process was developed to de- convolute the...Task 3. After reaction, the 40-mm web was coated on both sides with a silver layer then slit into eight 4-mm width tapes which were laminated between

An improved magnetic tape recorder

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Uber, P. W.

1968-01-01

Magnetic tape recorder employs a single capstan for simultaneously driving the supply and take-up reels in such a manner that the tape passing between the reels is kept under a predetermined constant tension. This recorder operates with little power and is sufficiently rugged to withstand the severe stresses encountered in high-altitude balloon flight tests.

Going to the MALL: Mobile Assisted Language Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chinnery, George M.

2006-01-01

Practically since their availability, a succession of audiovisual recording devices (e.g., reel-to-reel, VCRs, PCs) has been used to capture language samples, and myriad playback and broadcast devices (e.g., phonographs, radios, televisions) have provided access to authentic speech samples. The espousal of audiolingual theory in the 1950s brought…

50 CFR 635.26 - Catch and release.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... guidance of § 600.350(c). (c) Sharks. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this part, a person may fish for white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) with rod and reel, provided the person releases such fish to... RFD, may fish with rod and reel or handline gear for BFT under a catch-and-release or tag-and-release...

50 CFR 635.26 - Catch and release.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... guidance of § 600.350(c). (c) Sharks. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this part, a person may fish for white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) with rod and reel, provided the person releases such fish to... RFD, may fish with rod and reel or handline gear for BFT under a catch-and-release or tag-and-release...

Reinventing the Reel: An Innovative Approach to Resident Skill-Building in Motivational Interviewing for Brief Intervention

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cole, Bonnie; Clark, Denice Crowe; Seale, J. Paul; Shellenberger, Sylvia; Lyme, Alan; Johnson, J. Aaron; Chhabria, Aruna

2012-01-01

To enhance the skills of primary care residents in addressing substance misuse, residency screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) programs increasingly offer motivational interviewing (MI) training, but seldom include feedback and coaching. This innovative 2-round "Virginia Reel" approach, supplementing 3 hours of basic MI…

STS-27 Atlantis, OV-104, crewmembers repair 3/4 inch video reel on middeck

NASA Image and Video Library

1988-12-06

STS027-05-020 (2-6 Dec. 1988) --- In the foreground, astronauts Robert L. Gibson (left) and Guy S. Gardner, commander and pilot, respectively, for the STS-27 mission, repair a 3/4-inch video reel on the middeck of the Earth-orbiting space shuttle Atlantis. Photo credit: NASA

Launchable and Retrievable Tetherobot

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Younse, Paulo; Aghazarian, Hrand

2010-01-01

A proposed robotic system for scientific exploration of rough terrain would include a stationary or infrequently moving larger base robot, to which would be tethered a smaller hopping robot of the type described in the immediately preceding article. The two-robot design would extend the reach of the base robot, making it possible to explore nearby locations that might otherwise be inaccessible or too hazardous for the base robot. The system would include a launching mechanism and a motor-driven reel on the larger robot. The outer end of the tether would be attached to the smaller robot; the inner end of the tether would be attached to the reel. The figure depicts the launching and retrieval process. The launching mechanism would aim and throw the smaller robot toward a target location, and the tether would be paid out from the reel as the hopping robot flew toward the target. Upon completion of exploratory activity at the target location, the smaller robot would be made to hop and, in a coordinated motion, the tether would be wound onto the reel to pull the smaller robot back to the larger one.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Workers in KSC's Vertical Processing Facility prepare a solid state recorder for installation in a protective enclosure as part of the prelaunch preparations for STS-82, the second Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission. The digital solid state recorder will replace one of three engineering/science tape recorders on Hubble. The solid state recorder has no moving parts to wear out. It also is more flexible than a reel-to-reel recorder and can store 10 times as much data. Liftoff aboard Discovery is targeted Feb. 11 with a crew of seven.

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-01-16

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Workers in KSC's Vertical Processing Facility prepare a solid state recorder for installation in a protective enclosure as part of the prelaunch preparations for STS-82, the second Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission. The digital solid state recorder will replace one of three engineering/science tape recorders on Hubble. The solid state recorder has no moving parts to wear out. It also is more flexible than a reel-to-reel recorder and can store 10 times as much data. Liftoff aboard Discovery is targeted Feb. 11 with a crew of seven.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Workers in KSC's Vertical Processing Facility install a solid state recorder into a transport assembly in its protective enclosure as part of the prelaunch preparations for STS-82, the second Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission. The digital solid state recorder will replace one of three engineering/science tape recorders on Hubble. The solid state recorder has no moving parts to wear out. It also is more flexible than a reel-to-reel recorder and can store 10 times as much data. Liftoff aboard Discovery is targeted Feb. 11 with a crew of seven.

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-01-16

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Workers in KSC's Vertical Processing Facility install a solid state recorder into a transport assembly in its protective enclosure as part of the prelaunch preparations for STS-82, the second Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission. The digital solid state recorder will replace one of three engineering/science tape recorders on Hubble. The solid state recorder has no moving parts to wear out. It also is more flexible than a reel-to-reel recorder and can store 10 times as much data. Liftoff aboard Discovery is targeted Feb. 11 with a crew of seven.

Novel design solutions for fishing reel mechanisms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lovasz, Erwin-Christian; Modler, Karl-Heinz; Neumann, Rudolf; Gruescu, Corina Mihaela; Perju, Dan; Ciupe, Valentin; Maniu, Inocentiu

2015-07-01

Currently, there are various reels on the market regarding the type of mechanism, which achieves the winding and unwinding of the line. The designers have the purpose of obtaining a linear transmission function, by means of a simple and small-sized mechanism. However, the present solutions are not satisfactory because of large deviations from linearity of the transmission function and complexity of mechanical schema. A novel solution for the reel spool mechanism is proposed. Its kinematic schema and synthesis method are described. The kinematic schema of the chosen mechanism is based on a noncircular gear in series with a scotch-yoke mechanism. The yoke is driven by a stud fixed on the driving noncircular gear. The drawbacks of other models regarding the effects occurring at the ends of the spool are eliminated through achieving an appropriate transmission function of the spool. The linear function approximation with curved end-arches appropriately computed to ensure mathematical continuity is very good. The experimental results on the mechanism model validate the theoretical approach. The developed mechanism solution is recorded under a reel spool mechanism patent.

LOADING REEL AND PERFECTO STRIP STOCK FEEDER FOR #84 WATERBURYFARREL ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

LOADING REEL AND PERFECTO STRIP STOCK FEEDER FOR #84 WATERBURY-FARREL (U.S. GOVERNMENT) PRESS. THIS CONTINUOUS-FEED, 2-DRAW, 100 TON PRESS IS ONE OF TWO IN THE U.S. UNDER CONTRACT WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE FOR PRODUCTION OF BULLET JACKETS AND CARTRIDGE CASINGS. - American Brass Foundry, 70 Sayre Street, Buffalo, Erie County, NY

40 CFR 63.463 - Batch vapor and in-line cleaning machine standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... be turned off and the solvent vapor layer allowed to collapse before the primary condenser is turned... separate both the continuous web part feed reel and take-up reel from the room atmosphere if the doors are... from the room atmosphere if the doors are checked according to the requirements of paragraph (e)(2)(iii...

40 CFR 63.463 - Batch vapor and in-line cleaning machine standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... be turned off and the solvent vapor layer allowed to collapse before the primary condenser is turned... separate both the continuous web part feed reel and take-up reel from the room atmosphere if the doors are... from the room atmosphere if the doors are checked according to the requirements of paragraph (e)(2)(iii...

Reel wheels : an application of material science

Treesearch

Robert L. Geimer

1979-01-01

Circular plates of reconstituted wood were fabricated and destructively tested to appraise the potential of such material for cable reel flanges. The reconstituted wood consisted of flakeboard from quality-cut flakes and also from factory residue. The high quality flakeboard used 0.020- by 1/2-by 2-inch southern pine flakes cut on a disk flaker, whereas the flakeboard...

78 FR 60018 - Requested Administrative Waiver of the Coastwise Trade Laws: Vessel HOOKED FOR REEL; Invitation...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-30

... will be available for inspection and copying at the above address between 10 a.m. and 5 p.m., E.T., Monday through Friday, except federal holidays. An electronic version of this document and all documents... HOOKED FOR REEL is: INTENDED COMMERCIAL USE OF VESSEL: Sport fishing charters GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Michigan...

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

Kongsberg Engineering a.s. has developed an oil loading system for the Central North Sea, in 492-ft waters, which is not permanent, is safer, economical and withstands the environmental forces in the area. The ''Subload'' system is based on loading directly from a seafloor terminal to two 78,000 dwt dynamically positioned shuttle tankers. Upon arrival at the field, a shuttle tanker fitted with an SPM loading yoke and a riser reel deploys a 16-in. flexible riser attached to a lower riser package fitted with thrusters. Controlled by signals from a special high-accuracy underwater maneuver the lower riser end into docking positionmore » with the seafloor terminal. The terminal is located at the end of a two-km, 28-in. pipe line from the production platform. Presentation of the system, the company said that the diverless hookup procedure between the intrument-controlled riser connection and the subsea wellhead requires 45 minutes. The shuttle tanker loading could be completed twice a day in seven and a half hours per operation.« less

Diffractive optics in industry and research: novel components for optical security systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Laakkonen, Pasi; Turunen, Jari; Pietarinen, Juha; Siitonen, Samuli; Laukkanen, Janne; Jefimovs, Konstantins; Orava, Joni; Ritala, Mikko; Pilvi, Tero; Tuovinen, Hemmo; Ventola, Kalle; Vallius, Tuomas; Kaipiainen, Matti; Kuittinen, Markku

2005-09-01

Design and manufacturing of diffractive optical elements (DOEs) are presented. Mass replication methods for DOEs are explained including UV-replication, micro-injection moulding and reel-to-reel production. Novel applications of diffractive optics including spectroscopic surface relief gratings, antireflection surfaces, infrared light rejection gratings, light incoupling into thin waveguides, and additive diffractive colour mixing are presented.

Slot Machines: Pursuing Responsible Gaming Practices for Virtual Reels and Near Misses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harrigan, Kevin A.

2009-01-01

Since 1983, slot machines in North America have used a computer and virtual reels to determine the odds. Since at least 1988, a technique called clustering has been used to create a high number of near misses, failures that are close to wins. The result is that what the player sees does not represent the underlying probabilities and randomness,…

Watching harmonics beat

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Keeports, David

2015-04-01

Suppose you record a song on magnetic tape and duplicate your recording. You then simultaneously play back both tapes. To the rim of one of the tape reels, also known as the reel's flange, you keep applying gentle pressure and then releasing that pressure so that your reel alternates between slightly lagging the other and then catching up with it. The resulting small pitch differences between the two tapes give rise to an intriguing and pleasant sound often described as swirling or jet-like. A Wikipedia article1 lists dozens of popular songs that incorporate this "flanging" effect. Well represented are songs by the Beatles and Jimi Hendrix as well as by artists from recent decades. But perhaps the most important is an obscure 1945 recording by guitarist and musical inventor Les Paul, who is recognized as the discoverer of flanging.

Some special sub-systems for stratospheric balloon flights in India

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Damle, S. V.; Gokhale, G. S.; Kundapurkar, R. U.

During last few years several new sub-systems for balloon were developed and are being regularly used in the balloon flights. Some of these sub-systems are i) positive monitor for magnetic ballast release using an opto-electronic device ii) one-way pressure switch to terminate flight for runaway balloon iii) in-flight payload reel down system for atmospheric science experiment. The design, usage and performance of these and other sub-systems will be presented.

MSFC April 2016 Resource Reel

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-04-27

Name/Title of Video: Marshall Space Flight Center Media Resource Reel 2016 Description: Edited b-roll video of NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala., and of various projects and programs located at or associated with the center. For more information and more detailed footage, please contact the center's Public & Employee Communications Office. Graphic Information: PAO Name:Jennifer Stanfield Phone Number:256-544-0034 Email Address: jennifer.stanfield@nasa.gov

Advanced Simulation in Undergraduate Pilot Training: Automatic Instructional System

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-10-01

an addressable reel-to--reel audio tape recorder, a random access audio memory drum , and an interactive software package which permits the user to...audio memory drum , and an interactive software package which permits the user to develop preptogtahmed exercises. Figure 2 illustrates overall...Data Recprding System consists of two elements; an overlay program which performs the real-time sampling of specified variables and stores data to disc

Apparatus producing constant cable tension for intermittent demand

DOEpatents

Lauritzen, T.

1984-05-23

This invention relates to apparatus for producing constant tension in cable or the like when it is unreeled and reeled from a drum or spool under conditions of intermittent demand. The invention is particularly applicable to the handling of superconductive cable, but the invention is also applicable to the unreeling and reeling of other strands, such as electrical cable, wire, cord, other cables, fish line, wrapping paper and numerous other materials.

Manipulations of the features of standard video lottery terminal (VLT) games: effects in pathological and non-pathological gamblers.

PubMed

Loba, P; Stewart, S H; Klein, R M; Blackburn, J R

2001-01-01

The present study was conducted to identify game parameters that would reduce the risk of abuse of video lottery terminals (VLTs) by pathological gamblers, while exerting minimal effects on the behavior of non-pathological gamblers. Three manipulations of standard VLT game features were explored. Participants were exposed to: a counter which displayed a running total of money spent; a VLT spinning reels game where participants could no longer "stop" the reels by touching the screen; and sensory feature manipulations. In control conditions, participants were exposed to standard settings for either a spinning reels or a video poker game. Dependent variables were self-ratings of reactions to each set of parameters. A set of 2(3) x 2 x 2 (game manipulation [experimental condition(s) vs. control condition] x game [spinning reels vs. video poker] x gambler status [pathological vs. non-pathological]) repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted on all dependent variables. The findings suggest that the sensory manipulations (i.e., fast speed/sound or slow speed/no sound manipulations) produced the most robust reaction differences. Before advocating harm reduction policies such as lowering sensory features of VLT games to reduce potential harm to pathological gamblers, it is important to replicate findings in a more naturalistic setting, such as a real bar.

ISS Expedition 42 / 43 Crew Training Resource Reel (JSC-2641)

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-11-14

Media resource reel of ISS Expedition 42 / 43 Crew training activities. Includes footage of crew photo shots with Samantha Cristoforetti, Anton Shkaplerov and Terry Virts; Routine shots with Virts, ISS Expedition 43 crewmember Scott Kelly, Cristoforetti, ISS Expedition 41 / 42 crewmember Barry Wilmore; and Shklaplerov; T-38 Operations with Virts; Routine operations with Cristoforetti, Shkaplerov and Virts; Neutral Buoyancy Lab (NBL) with Cristoforetti and Kelly; and Emergency Scenatios with Virts, Cristoforetti and Shkaplerov.

STS-46 Italian Payload Specialist Malerba uses laptop PGSC on OV-104 middeck

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1992-01-01

STS-46 Italian Payload Specialist Franco Malerba, wearing communications kit assembly headset (HDST), uses laptop payload and general support computer (PGSC) on the middeck of Atlantis, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 104. Malerba is positioned in front of the airlock and surrounded by the interdeck access ladder (foreground), a cycle ergometer (directly behind him), the forward lockers (background), and the sleep station (at his left). Food, candy, hygiene kits, beverage containers, and film reels are attached to the forward lockers.

Measuring Inhomogeneities In Thermocouple Wires

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Burkett, Cecil G., Jr.; West, James W.; Crum, James R.

1993-01-01

Spools rotated to pull thermocouple wires through liquid nitrogen, while output voltage of thermocouple recorded on strip chart. Wires exposed to severe temperature gradients, amounting to overall change of 200 degrees C, where they enter and leave liquid nitrogen. If wires homogeneous, net output voltage zero. If inhomogeneity passes through liquid-nitrogen/air interface, resulting deviation of output voltage from zero seen immediately on strip chart. If inhomogeneity greater than allowable, reels stopped temporarily so inhomogeneity tagged before wound onto takeup reel.

Femtosecond laser machining and lamination for large-area flexible organic microfluidic chips

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Malek, C. Khan; Robert, L.; Salut, R.

2009-04-01

A hybrid process compatible with reel-to-reel manufacturing is developed for ultra low-cost large-scale manufacture of disposable microfluidic chips. It combines ultra-short laser microstructuring and lamination technology. Microchannels in polyester foils were formed using focused, high-intensity femtosecond laser pulses. Lamination using a commercial SU8-epoxy resist layer was used to seal the microchannel layer and cover foil. This hybrid process also enables heterogeneous material structuration and integration.

Tethered Space Satellite-1 (TSS-1): Wound About a Bolt

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

O'Connor, Brian; Stevens, Jennifer

2016-01-01

In the early 1990's US and Italian scientists collaborated to study the electrodynamics on a long tether between two satellites as it moved through the electrically charged portion of Earth's atmosphere called the ionosphere. Potential uses for the electrical current induced in the long wire include power and thrust generation for a satellite, momentum exchange, artificial gravity, deployment of sensors or antennas, and gravity-gradient stabilization. The Tethered Space Satellite (TSS) was a first-of-its-kind experiment with long tethers in space. It consisted of a satellite with science experiments attached to a 12.5 mile long, very thin (0.10 inch diameter) copper wire assembly wound around a spool in the deployer reel mechanism. The whole mechanism sits on a pallet that is installed into the Shuttle bay. At an altitude of 160 nautical miles above earth, the satellite would be deplodeployed from the Shuttle bay by raising it on a boom facing away from Earth. Once cleared of the bay, the deployer mechanism would slowly feed out the 12-plus miles of tether. Scientific data would be collected throughout the operation, after which the satellite would be reeled back in. A receiver spool to catch the 12.5 mile tether as it was being unwound by the deployer reel mechanism was set up to do the system-level test of deployer real mechanism prior to installing the loaded pallet into the Shuttle bay. The system level tests were required before the pallet could be installed into the Space Shuttle cargo bay. A few months before flight, the system level tests, including unreeling and reeling the tether, were completed at Kennedy Space Center (KSC) and the TSS payload was installed onto the Spacelab pallet. Some of this testing equipment was then shipped back to the contractor, Martin Marietta. Integration with the Shuttle began. Systems-level load analyses, which cannot be run until all information about each payload is finalized, was run in parallel with the physical integration of the hardware into the Shuttle payload bay. An analysis, called Coupled loads analysis, incorporates any updates to the model due to system level tests of all the different payloads, and any changes that were found during integration. Engineering analysis examines the worst case scenarios for the loads the hardware will see. The two times during the mission where the dynamic loads are the worst were 1) the first 10-second portion of Shuttle lift off, and 2) a 2-second time during landing when the landing gears hit the ground. The coupled loads analysis using the final verification loads showed that a single bolt attaching the deployer reel mechanism to the support structure had a "negative margin" - which is an indication that it might fail - during touch down. Hardware certification rules do not allow for hardware to fly with negative margins. A structural failure of one payload could have serious or catastrophic consequences to other payloads, or may significantly damage the Orbiter. The issue had to be resolved before the flight.

MSFC Historic Resource Reel

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-12-11

Name/Title of Video: Marshall Space Flight Center Historic Resource Reel Description: A brief collection of film and video b-roll of historic events and programs associated with NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala. For more information and/or more footage of these events, please contact the Marshall Center Public & Employee Communications Office. Graphic Information:file footage PAO Name:News Chief Jennifer Stanfield or MSFC Historian Mike Wright Phone Number:256-544-0034 Email Address: jennifer.stanfield@nasa.gov or mike.d.wright@nasa.gov

Deployment Operation Procedures for the WHOI Ice-Tethered Profiler

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-05-01

mooring which would be pre-wound on a reel. These requirements led to the selection of a winch with a modular mooring reel and a disc -type brake for...lb * Brake Absorbed Power: 0.59 HP * Brake Rotor Diameter 24 in (chosen based on Drum OD) 6 Figure 2. Top: a photo of the winch frame, drum and shaft...shaft for field assembly. Studs welded into the drum , engage keyhole slots in the brake rotor, allowing drum torque to be transferred directly to the

Pulling tool for use with reeled tubing and method for operating tools from wellbores

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pleasants, C.W.

1991-08-20

This patent describes a tool for latching to and/or pulling a well operating tool having a fishing neck from a downhole location in pipe in a well bore. It comprises an elongated tubular housing assembly defining a longitudinal bore; means connecting the housing assembly to an end of a string of reeled tubing for passing the housing assembly through the wellbore and into contact with the fishing neck and for introducing fluid into the longitudinal bore; means disposed on the housing assembly for automatically latching to the fishing neck upon the housing assembly engaging the fishing neck; means responsive tomore » a predetermined fluid condition in the bore for releasing the latching means from the fishing neck to permit the tool to be removed from the wellbore; and means responsive to a predetermined mechanical force exerted, via the reeled tubing, on the housing assembly and on the fishing neck for releasing the latching means from the fishing neck.« less

Preparation and therapeutic evaluation of (188)Re-thermogelling emulsion in rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma.

PubMed

Shih, Ying-Hsia; Lin, Xi-Zhang; Yeh, Chung-Hsin; Peng, Cheng-Liang; Shieh, Ming-Jium; Lin, Wuu-Jyh; Luo, Tsai-Yueh

2014-01-01

Radiolabeled Lipiodol(®) (Guerbet, Villepinte, France) is routinely used in hepatoma therapy. The temperature-sensitive hydrogel polyethylene glycol-b-poly-DL-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid-b-polyethylene glycol triblock copolymer is used as an embolic agent and sustained drug release system. This study attempted to combine the polyethylene glycol-b-poly-DL-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid-b-polyethylene glycol hydrogel and radio-labeled Lipiodol to form a new radio-thermogelling emulsion, rhenium-188-N,N'-1,2-ethanediylbis-L-cysteine diethyl-ester dihydrochloride-Lipiodol/hydrogel ((188)Re-ELH). The therapeutic potential of (188)Re-ELH was evaluated in a rodent hepatoma model. Rhenium-188 chelated with N,N'-1,2-ethanediylbis-L-cysteine diethyl-ester dihydrochloride was extracted with Lipiodol to obtain rhenium-188-N,N'-1,2-ethanediylbis-L-cysteine diethyl-ester dihydrochloride-Lipiodol ((188)Re-EL), which was blended with the hydrogel in equal volumes to develop (188)Re-ELH. The (188)Re-ELH phase stability was evaluated at different temperatures. Biodistribution patterns and micro-single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography images in Sprague Dawley rats implanted with the rat hepatoma cell line N1-S1 were observed after in situ tumoral injection of ~3.7 MBq (188)Re-ELH. The therapeutic potential of (188)Re-EL (48.58±3.86 MBq/0.1 mL, n=12) was evaluated in a 2-month survival study using the same animal model. The therapeutic effects of (188)Re-ELH (25.52±4.64 MBq/0.1 mL, n=12) were evaluated and compared with those of (188)Re-EL. The responses were assessed by changes in tumor size and survival rates. The (188)Re-ELH emulsion was stable in the gel form at 25°C-35°C for >52 hours. Biodistribution data and micro-single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography images of the (188)Re-ELH group indicated that most activity was selectively observed in hepatomas. Long-term (188)Re-ELH studies have demonstrated protracted reductions in tumor volumes and positive effects on the survival rates (75%) of N1-S1 hepatoma-bearing rats. Conversely, the 2-month survival rate was 13% in the control sham group. Therapeutic responses differed significantly between the two groups (P<0.005). Thus, the hydrogel enhanced the injection stability of (188)Re-EL in an animal hepatoma model. Given the synergistic results, direct (188)Re-ELH intratumoral injection is a potential therapeutic alternative for hepatoma treatment.

Preparation and therapeutic evaluation of 188Re-thermogelling emulsion in rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma

PubMed Central

Shih, Ying-Hsia; Lin, Xi-Zhang; Yeh, Chung-Hsin; Peng, Cheng-Liang; Shieh, Ming-Jium; Lin, Wuu-Jyh; Luo, Tsai-Yueh

2014-01-01

Radiolabeled Lipiodol® (Guerbet, Villepinte, France) is routinely used in hepatoma therapy. The temperature-sensitive hydrogel polyethylene glycol-b-poly-DL-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid-b-polyethylene glycol triblock copolymer is used as an embolic agent and sustained drug release system. This study attempted to combine the polyethylene glycol-b-poly-DL-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid-b-polyethylene glycol hydrogel and radio-labeled Lipiodol to form a new radio-thermogelling emulsion, rhenium-188–N,N’-1,2-ethanediylbis-L-cysteine diethyl-ester dihydrochloride–Lipiodol/hydrogel (188Re-ELH). The therapeutic potential of 188Re-ELH was evaluated in a rodent hepatoma model. Rhenium-188 chelated with N,N’-1,2-ethanediylbis-L-cysteine diethyl-ester dihydrochloride was extracted with Lipiodol to obtain rhenium-188–N,N’-1,2-ethanediylbis-L-cysteine diethyl-ester dihydrochloride–Lipiodol (188Re-EL), which was blended with the hydrogel in equal volumes to develop 188Re-ELH. The 188Re-ELH phase stability was evaluated at different temperatures. Biodistribution patterns and micro-single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography images in Sprague Dawley rats implanted with the rat hepatoma cell line N1-S1 were observed after in situ tumoral injection of ~3.7 MBq 188Re-ELH. The therapeutic potential of 188Re-EL (48.58±3.86 MBq/0.1 mL, n=12) was evaluated in a 2-month survival study using the same animal model. The therapeutic effects of 188Re-ELH (25.52±4.64 MBq/0.1 mL, n=12) were evaluated and compared with those of 188Re-EL. The responses were assessed by changes in tumor size and survival rates. The 188Re-ELH emulsion was stable in the gel form at 25°C–35°C for >52 hours. Biodistribution data and micro-single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography images of the 188Re-ELH group indicated that most activity was selectively observed in hepatomas. Long-term 188Re-ELH studies have demonstrated protracted reductions in tumor volumes and positive effects on the survival rates (75%) of N1-S1 hepatoma-bearing rats. Conversely, the 2-month survival rate was 13% in the control sham group. Therapeutic responses differed significantly between the two groups (P<0.005). Thus, the hydrogel enhanced the injection stability of 188Re-EL in an animal hepatoma model. Given the synergistic results, direct 188Re-ELH intratumoral injection is a potential therapeutic alternative for hepatoma treatment. PMID:25214783

GEOS-20 m cable boom mechanism

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schmidt, B. K.; Suttner, K.

1977-01-01

The GEOS cable boom mechanism allows the controlled deployment of a 20 m long cable in a centrifugal force field. In launch configuration the flat cable is reeled on a 240 mm diameter drum. The electrical connection between the rotating drum and the stationary housing is accomplished via a flexlead positioned inside the drum. Active motion control of this drum is achieved by a self locking worm gear, driven by a stepper motor. The deployment length of the cable is monitored by an optical length indicator, sensing black bars engraved on the cable surface.

Chesapeake Bay Habitat Criteria Scores and the Distribution of Submersed Aquatic Vegetation in the Tidal Potomac River and Potomac Estuary, 1983-1997

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-01-01

AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF SUBMERSED AQUATIC VEGETATION IN THE TIDAL POTOMAC RIVER AND POTOMAC ESTUARY, 1983-1997 By Jurate M. Landwehr, Justin T. Reel...AQUATIC VEGETATION IN THE TIDAL POTOMAC RIVER AND POTOMAC ESTUARY, 1983-1997 by Jurate M. Landwehr, Justin T. Reel, Nancy B. Rybicki, Henry A. Ruhl, and...K.A., Dennison, W.C., Stevenson, J.C., Staver, L. W., Carter, V., Rybicki, N. B., Hickman, R. E., Kollar, S., Bieber , S., and Heasly, P., 1992

VEHICLE FOR SLAVE ROBOT

DOEpatents

Goertz, R.C.; Lindberg, J.F.

1962-01-30

A reeling device is designed for an electrical cable supplying power to the slave slde of a remote control manipulator mounted on a movable vehicle. As the vehicle carries the slave side about in a closed room, the device reels the cable in and out to maintain a variable length of the cable between the vehicle and a cable inlet in the wall of the room. The device also handles a fixed length of cable between the slave side and the vehicle, in spite of angular movement of the slave side with respect to the vehicle. (AEC)

Numerical Simulation of Tethered Underwater Kites for Power Generation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ghasemi, Amirmahdi; Olinger, David; Tryggvason, Gretar

2015-11-01

An emerging renewable energy technology, tethered undersea kites (TUSK), which is used to extract hydrokinetic energy from ocean and tidal currents, is studied. TUSK systems consist of a rigid-winged ``kite,'' or glider, moving in an ocean current which is connected by tethers to a floating buoy on the ocean surface. The TUSK kite is a current speed enhancement device since the kite can move in high-speed, cross-current motion at 4-6 times the current velocity, thus producing more power than conventional marine turbines. A computational simulation is developed to simulate the dynamic motion of an underwater kite and extendable tether. A two-step projection method within a finite volume formulation, along with an Open MP acceleration method, is employed to solve the Navier-Stokes equations. An immersed boundary method is incorporated to model the fluid-structure interaction of the rigid kite (with NACA 0012 airfoil shape in 2D and NACA 0021 airfoil shape in 3D simulations) and the fluid flow. PID control methods are used to adjust the kite angle of attack during power (tether reel-out) and retraction (reel-in) phases. Two baseline simulations (for kite motions in two and three dimensions) are studied, and system power output, flow field vorticity, tether tension, and hydrodynamic coefficients (lift and drag) for the kite are determined. The simulated power output shows good agreement with established theoretical results for a kite moving in two-dimensions.

Tethered Space Satellite-1 (TSS-1): Technical Roundabouts

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

O'Connor, Brian; Stevens, Jennifer

2016-01-01

In the early 1990's US and Italian scientists collaborated to study the electrodynamics of dragging a satellite on a tether through the electrically charged portion of Earth's atmosphere called the ionosphere. An electrical current induced in the long wire could be used for power and thrust generation for a satellite. Other tether uses include momentum exchange, artificial gravity, deployment of sensors or antennas, and gravity-gradient stabilization for satellites. Before the Tethered Space Satellite (TSS-1), no long tether had ever been flown, so many questions existed on how it would actually behave. The TSS consisted of a satellite with science experiments attached to a 12.5 mile long, very thin (0.10 inch diameter) copper wire assembly wound around a spool in the deployer reel mechanism. With the Space Shuttle at an altitude of 160 nautical miles above earth, the satellite was to be deployed by raising it from the Shuttle bay on a boom facing away from Earth. Once cleared of the bay, the deployer mechanism was to slowly feed out the 12-plus miles of tether. Scientific data would be collected throughout the operation, after which the satellite would be reeled back in. Pre-flight testing system level tests involved setting up a tether receiver to catch the 12.5 mile tether onto another reel as it was being unwound by the deployer reel mechanism. Testing only the reel mechanism is straightforward. This test becomes more complicated when the TSS is mounted on the flight pallet at Kennedy Space Center (KSC). The system level tests must be passed before the pallet can be installed into the Space Shuttle cargo bay. A few months before flight, the TSS payload had been integrated onto the Spacelab pallet and system level tests, including unreeling and reeling the tether, had been successfully completed. Some of this testing equipment was then shipped back to the contractor Martin Marietta. Systems-level load analyses, which cannot be run until all information about each payload is finalized, was run in parallel with the physical integration of the hardware into the Shuttle payload bay. The coupled loads analysis, as it is called, incorporates any updates to the model due to system level tests, and any changes that were found during integration. The coupled loads analysis revealed that a single bolt attaching the deployer reel mechanism to the support structure had a "negative margin" - which is an indication that it might fail during operation. Hardware certification rules do not allow for hardware to fly with negative margins, so this issue had to be resolved before the flight. Since there is conservatism in engineering analysis, there is an option to "waive" the margin requirement, and fly the experiment as is. On the other hand, a structural failure of one payload could have serious or catastrophic consequences to other payloads and possibly the mission. Minor design changes or fixes might be feasible within the payload bay prior to launch. Any major design changes that required the spooling test to validate the hardware, or for the pallet to be removed, would cause TSS not to be ready for the Shuttle launch.

The Clock Is Ticking

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gundo, Dan

2003-01-01

Recently, I worked on creating a one-of-a-kind device for a Space Station group studying exercise physiology at another NASA Center. They approached my department at Ames Research Center to design and build an exercise bed that allowed users to perform the motions that they needed for ground-based research. The real challenge was that they needed the device designed, built, and delivered in just one month. The bed was intended to simulate doing squats while in a horizontal position as if on a moving sled. They wanted to incorporate a resistant device called an Interim Resistive Exercise Device (IRED), an adjustable cable tied into a reel to provide a measured amount of resistance. This device was used on the Station for exercising in space; we were taking the same resistant reel and incorporating it in this bed. In the early stages of a design project, I communicate with a customer as much as I can and as often as they will tolerate. There s a lot of learning that needs to go on, and I prefer to spend a little bit of extra time here because that can save a lot of time later. In the beginning, you need to volley the information back-and-forth, so that you understand the customer s requirements and they know what you re capable of doing.

Spacecraft capture and docking system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kong, Kinyuen (Inventor); Rafeek, Shaheed (Inventor); Myrick, Thomas (Inventor)

2001-01-01

A system for capturing and docking an active craft to a passive craft has a first docking assembly on the active craft with a first contact member and a spike projecting outwardly, a second docking assembly on the passive craft having a second contact member and a flexible net deployed over a target area with an open mesh for capturing the end of the spike of the active craft, and a motorized net drive for reeling in the net and active craft to mate with the passive craft's docking assembly. The spike has extendable tabs to allow it to become engaged with the net. The net's center is coupled to a net spool for reeling in. An alignment funnel has inclined walls to guide the net and captured spike towards the net spool. The passive craft's docking assembly includes circumferentially spaced preload wedges which are driven to lock the wedges against the contact member of the active craft. The active craft's docking assembly includes a rotary table and drive for rotating it to a predetermined angular alignment position, and mating connectors are then engaged with each other. The system may be used for docking spacecraft in zero or low-gravity environments, as well as for docking underwater vehicles, docking of ancillary craft to a mother craft in subsonic flight, in-flight refueling systems, etc.

Direct band gap measurement of Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S){sub 2} thin films using high-resolution reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Heo, Sung; College of Information and Communication Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Cheoncheon-dong 300, Jangan-gu, Suwon 440-746; Lee, Hyung-Ik

2015-06-29

To investigate the band gap profile of Cu(In{sub 1−x},Ga{sub x})(Se{sub 1−y}S{sub y}){sub 2} of various compositions, we measured the band gap profile directly as a function of in-depth using high-resolution reflection energy loss spectroscopy (HR-REELS), which was compared with the band gap profile calculated based on the auger depth profile. The band gap profile is a double-graded band gap as a function of in-depth. The calculated band gap obtained from the auger depth profile seems to be larger than that by HR-REELS. Calculated band gaps are to measure the average band gap of the spatially different varying compositions with respectmore » to considering its void fraction. But, the results obtained using HR-REELS are to be affected by the low band gap (i.e., out of void) rather than large one (i.e., near void). Our findings suggest an analytical method to directly determine the band gap profile as function of in-depth.« less

One kilometer (1 km) electric solar wind sail tether produced automatically.

PubMed

Seppänen, Henri; Rauhala, Timo; Kiprich, Sergiy; Ukkonen, Jukka; Simonsson, Martin; Kurppa, Risto; Janhunen, Pekka; Hæggström, Edward

2013-09-01

We produced a 1 km continuous piece of multifilament electric solar wind sail tether of μm-diameter aluminum wires using a custom made automatic tether factory. The tether comprising 90,704 bonds between 25 and 50 μm diameter wires is reeled onto a metal reel. The total mass of 1 km tether is 10 g. We reached a production rate of 70 m/24 h and a quality level of 1‰ loose bonds and 2‰ rebonded ones. We thus demonstrated that production of long electric solar wind sail tethers is possible and practical.

The GEOS-20 m Cable Boom Mechanism

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schmidt, G. K.; Suttner, K.

1977-01-01

The GEOS Cable Boom Mechanism which allows the controlled deployment of a 20 m long cable in a centrifugal force field is described. In launch configuration the flat cable is reeled on a 240 mm diameter drum. The electrical connection between the rotating drum and the stationary housing is accomplished via a flexlead positioned inside the drum. Active motion control of this drum is achieved by a self locking worm gear, driven by a stepper motor. The deployment length of the cable is monitored by an optical length indicator, sensing black bars engraved on the cable surface.

Low-cost fabrication of optical waveguides, interconnects and sensing structures on all-polymer-based thin foils

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rezem, Maher; Kelb, Christian; Günther, Axel; Rahlves, Maik; Reithmeier, Eduard; Roth, Bernhard

2016-03-01

Micro-optical sensors based on optical waveguides are widely used to measure temperature, force and strain but also to detect biological and chemical substances such as explosives or toxins. While optical micro-sensors based on silicon technology require complex and expensive process technologies, a new generation of sensors based completely on polymers offer advantages especially in terms of low-cost and fast production techniques. We have developed a process to integrate micro-optical components such as embedded waveguides and optical interconnects into polymer foils with a thickness well below one millimeter. To enable high throughput production, we employ hot embossing technology, which is capable of reel-to-reel fabrication with a surface roughness in the optical range. For the waveguide fabrication, we used the thermoplastic polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as cladding and several optical adhesives as core materials. The waveguides are characterized with respect to refractive indices and propagation losses. We achieved propagation losses are as low as 0.3 dB/cm. Furthermore, we demonstrate coupling structures and their fabrication especially suited to integrate various light sources such as vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL) and organic light emitting diodes (OLED) into thin polymer foils. Also, we present a concept of an all-polymer and waveguide based deformation sensor based on intensity modulation, which can be fabricated by utilizing our process. For future application, we aim at a low-cost and high-throughput reel-to-reel production process enabling the fabrication of large sensor arrays or disposable single-use sensing structures, which will open optical sensing to a large variety of application fields ranging from medical diagnosis to automotive sensing.

Rapid doubling of the critical current of YBa 2Cu 3O 7-δ coated conductors for viable high-speed industrial processing

DOE PAGES

Leroux, M.; Kihlstrom, K. J.; Holleis, S.; ...

2015-11-09

Here, we demonstrate that 3.5-MeV oxygen irradiation can markedly enhance the in-field critical current of commercial second generation superconducting tapes with an exposure time of just 1 s per 0.8 cm 2. Furthermore we demonstrate how speed is now at the level required for an industrial reel-to-reel post-processing. The irradiation is made on production line samples through the protective silver coating and does not require any modification of the growth process. From TEM imaging, we identify small clusters as the main source of increased vortex pinning.

Gender inequality and entrepreneurship: the Indian silk industry.

PubMed

Mayoux, L

1993-12-01

The production of raw silk yarns from cocoons (reeling) is a crucial middle stage in the silk industry. The author reviews the experience of attempts to encourage women's entrepreneurship in this industry in Karnataka, South India. Reeling is a potentially lucrative field with possibilities for upward mobility from small-scale to large-scale production if credit is readily available. The industry in India employs large numbers of skilled female workers from all communities and is one of few in which a sectoral gender policy is being implemented. While these factors may be thought to be conducive to the development of women entrepreneurs, none were in the areas studied at the time of research. No women were involved in marketing through the official marketing system and no women's co-operatives were operating. While women were listed among registered reelers, men controlled the businesses. Men simply used women to obtain supplementary bank loans or funds through other avenues otherwise open to only women. Policies for women in reeling have therefore proved to be overwhelmingly unsuccessful. The author considers gender inequality and gender policy at length in this context and concludes that the problem is systemic and structural in nature. Policy implications are considered.

Thermal stability of carbon nanotubes probed by anchored tungsten nanoparticles

PubMed Central

Wei, Xianlong; Wang, Ming-Sheng; Bando, Yoshio; Golberg, Dmitri

2011-01-01

The thermal stability of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was studied in high vacuum using tungsten nanoparticles as miniaturized thermal probes. The particles were placed on CNTs inside a high-resolution transmission electron microscope equipped with a scanning tunneling microscope unit. The setup allowed manipulating individual nanoparticles and heating individual CNTs by applying current to them. CNTs were found to withstand high temperatures, up to the melting point of 60-nm-diameter W particles (∼3400 K). The dynamics of W particles on a hot CNT, including particle crystallization, quasimelting, melting, sublimation and intradiffusion, were observed in real time and recorded as a video. Graphite layers reel off CNTs when melted or premelted W particles revolve along the tube axis. PMID:27877413

Photovoltaic Power System and Power Distribution Demonstration for the Desert RATS Program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Colozza, Anthony; Jakupca, Ian; Mintz, Toby; Herlacher, Mike; Hussey, Sam

2012-01-01

A stand alone, mobile photovoltaic power system along with a cable deployment system was designed and constructed to take part in the Desert Research And Technology Studies (RATS) lunar surface human interaction evaluation program at Cinder Lake, Arizona. The power system consisted of a photovoltaic array/battery system. It is capable of providing 1 kW of electrical power. The system outputs were 48 V DC, 110 V AC, and 220 V AC. A cable reel with 200 m of power cable was used to provide power from the trailer to a remote location. The cable reel was installed on a small trailer. The reel was powered to provide low to no tension deployment of the cable. The cable was connected to the 220 V AC output of the power system trailer. The power was then converted back to 110 V AC on the cable deployment trailer for use at the remote site. The Scout lunar rover demonstration vehicle was used to tow the cable trailer and deploy the power cable. This deployment was performed under a number of operational scenarios, manned operation, remote operation and tele-robotically. Once deployed, the cable was used to provide power, from the power system trailer, to run various operational tasks at the remote location.

Long length coated conductor fabrication by inclined substrate deposition and evaporation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Prusseit, W.; Hoffmann, C.; Nemetschek, R.; Sigl, G.; Handke, J.; Lümkemann, A.; Kinder, H.

2006-06-01

The commercial development of coated conductors is rapidly progressing. As a result we present an economic route to produce second generation HTS tape from the initial substrate preparation to the final metal coating. The most important and technically challenging steps are the deposition of an oriented buffer layer and the superconductor film in a reel-to-reel configuration. New evaporation techniques have been developed to enable reliable, high rate tape coating. Highly oriented MgO - buffer layers are realized by inclined substrate deposition (ISD) and DyBCO is deposited by simple e-gun evaporation yielding critical currents beyond 200 A/cm. Coated conductors have been fabricated up to 40 m length and are currently tested in a variety of applications.

Wind turbine spoiler

DOEpatents

Sullivan, W.N.

An aerodynamic spoiler system for a vertical axis wind turbine includes spoilers on the blades initially stored near the rotor axis to minimize drag. A solenoid latch adjacent the central support tower releases the spoilers and centrifugal force causes the spoilers to move up the turbine blades away from the rotor axis, thereby producing a braking effect and actual slowing of the associated wind turbine, if desired. The spoiler system can also be used as an infinitely variable power control by regulated movement of the spoilers on the blades over the range between the undeployed and fully deployed positions. This is done by the use of a suitable powered reel and cable located at the rotor tower to move the spoilers.

Wind turbine spoiler

DOEpatents

Sullivan, William N.

1985-01-01

An aerodynamic spoiler system for a vertical axis wind turbine includes spoilers on the blades initially stored near the rotor axis to minimize drag. A solenoid latch adjacent the central support tower releases the spoilers and centrifugal force causes the spoilers to move up the turbine blades away from the rotor axis, thereby producing a braking effect and actual slowing of the associated wind turbine, if desired. The spoiler system can also be used as an infinitely variable power control by regulated movement of the spoilers on the blades over the range between the undeployed and fully deployed positions. This is done by the use of a suitable powered reel and cable located at the rotor tower to move the spoilers.

Investigation of crew restraint system biomechanics. Report for May 79-Mar 81

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Phillips, N.S.; Thomson, R.A.; Fiscus, I.B.

1982-05-01

Experimental data were collected and analyses were performed to study the influence of the dynamic mechanical properties of restraint system components on human response to impact and restraint system haulback. Tests were accomplished to isolate the characteristics of the restraint system and the human body. Three restraint webbing materials were studied at varied strain rates. A pyrotechnically powered inertia reel was tested, but could not be analytically modeled successfully. Analytical models of the human and restraint system were used to study the influence of restraint material properties changes on human response parameters. An analytical model of a rhesus monkey wasmore » also used to study the efficacy of animal tests and scaling techniques to evaluate restraint systems for human use applications.« less

48 CFR 11.301 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... to and including the cutting and trimming of the paper machine reel into smaller rolls or rough sheets) including: envelope cuttings, bindery trimmings, and other paper and paperboard waste resulting...

48 CFR 11.301 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... to and including the cutting and trimming of the paper machine reel into smaller rolls or rough sheets) including: envelope cuttings, bindery trimmings, and other paper and paperboard waste resulting...

32 CFR 327.5 - Systems of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... are not limited to, freedom of religion, freedom of political beliefs, freedom of speech, freedom of.... Other media storing personal data such as tapes, reels, disk packs, etc., must be marked with labels...

End of Life: Suicide Grief

MedlinePlus

Healthy Lifestyle End of life A loved one's suicide can be emotionally devastating. Use healthy coping strategies — ... Clinic Staff When a loved one dies by suicide, overwhelming emotions can leave you reeling. Your grief ...

Orbital transfer and release of tethered payloads. Continuation of investigation of electrodynamic stabilization and control of long orbiting tethers Martinez-Sanchez, Manuel

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Colombo, G.; Grossi, M. D.; Arnold, D.

1983-01-01

The effect of reeling operations on the orbital altitude of the tether system and the development of control laws to minimize tether rebound upon payload release were studied. The use of the tether for LEO/GEO payload orbital transfer was also investigated. It was concluded that (1) reeling operations can contribute a significant amount of energy to the orbit of the system and should be considered in orbit calculations and predictions, (2) deployment of payloads, even very large payloads, using tethers is a practical and fully stable operation, (3) tether augmented LEO/GEO transfer operations yield useful payload gains under the practical constraint of fixed size OTV's, and (4) orbit to orbit satellite retrieval is limited by useful revisit times to orbital inclinations of less than forty-five degrees.

Fabrication of 100 A class, 1 m long coated conductor tapes by metal organic chemical vapor deposition and pulsed laser deposition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Selvamanickam, V.; Lee, H. G.; Li, Y.; Xiong, X.; Qiao, Y.; Reeves, J.; Xie, Y.; Knoll, A.; Lenseth, K.

2003-10-01

SuperPower has been scaling up YBa 2Cu 3O x-based second-generation superconducting tapes by techniques such as pulsed laser deposition (PLD) using industrial laser and metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Both techniques offer advantage of high deposition rates, which is important for high throughput. Using highly-polished substrates produced in a reel-to-reel polishing facility and buffer layers deposited in a pilot ion beam assisted deposition facility, meter-long second-generation high temperature superconductor tapes have been produced. 100 A class, meter-long coated conductor tapes have been reproducibly demonstrated in this work by both MOCVD and PLD. The best results to date are 148 A over 1.06 m by MOCVD and 135 A over 1.1 m by PLD using industrial laser.

UltraSail CubeSat Solar Sail Flight Experiment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carroll, David; Burton, Rodney; Coverstone, Victoria; Swenson, Gary

2013-01-01

UltraSail is a next-generation, highrisk, high-payoff sail system for the launch, deployment, stabilization, and control of very large (km2 class) solar sails enabling high payload mass fractions for interplanetary and deep space spacecraft. UltraSail is a non-traditional approach to propulsion technology achieved by combining propulsion and control systems developed for formation- flying microsatellites with an innovative solar sail architecture to achieve controllable sail areas approaching 1 km2, sail subsystem area densities approaching 1 g/m2, and thrust levels many times those of ion thrusters used for comparable deep space missions. UltraSail can achieve outer planetary rendezvous, a deep-space capability now reserved for high-mass nuclear and chemical systems. There is a twofold rationale behind the UltraSail concept for advanced solar sail systems. The first is that sail-andboom systems are inherently size-limited. The boom mass must be kept small, and column buckling limits the boom length to a few hundred meters. By eliminating the boom, UltraSail not only offers larger sail area, but also lower areal density, allowing larger payloads and shorter mission transit times. The second rationale for UltraSail is that sail films present deployment handling difficulties as the film thickness approaches one micrometer. The square sail requires that the film be folded in two directions for launch, and similarly unfolded for deployment. The film is stressed at the intersection of two folds, and this stress varies inversely with the film thickness. This stress can cause the film to yield, forming a permanent crease, or worse, to perforate. By rolling the film as UltraSail does, creases are prevented. Because the film is so thin, the roll thickness is small. Dynamic structural analysis of UltraSail coupled with dynamic control analysis shows that the system can be designed to eliminate longitudinal torsional waves created while controlling the pitch of the blades, while using solar photon pressure to slew the spin axis. Vacuum tests have also verified that electrostatic and molecular adhesion forces can substantially be eliminated by making the film electrically conductive, reducing the peel force of the film off the storage roll to levels of 100s of micro-N. The innovation demonstrated the capability of deploying a six-micron aluminum- coated film from a reel through a slit in vacuum. The innovation also demonstrated a spin-stabilized method for deploying a long reel of solar sail film using solar pressure to spin-up and orbit raise the satellite, and also a gravity gradient method for deploying a long reel of solar sail film using solar pressure to orbit raise the satellite. The solar sail mass fraction of 25% is consistent with high specific impulse ion systems, but without the added weight and cost of a power source and processing unit. The large sail area, coupled with low film density, is giving UltraSail a high payload fraction. The UltraSail deployment scheme unrolls a micrometerscale reflection-coated polyimide film from a storage mandrel to a maximum length of several kilometers with the aid of a blade tip satellite.

50 CFR 635.26 - Catch and release.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... guidance of § 600.350(c). (c) Sharks. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this part, a person may fish for white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) with rod and reel, provided the person releases such fish to...

50 CFR 635.26 - Catch and release.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... guidance of § 600.350(c). (c) Sharks. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this part, a person may fish for white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) with rod and reel, provided the person releases such fish to...

JPL-20180420-GRACFOf-0001-GRACE Follow-On Media Reel 1

NASA Image and Video Library

2018-04-20

The original GRACE mission (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) revolutionized our understanding of Earth's water cycle and how water and ice are distributed on the planet. The GRACE Follow-On satellites will continue GRACE's legacy.

Mendelevium: The Way It Was

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

A reel of black & white film shot nearly 60 years ago has surfaced at Berkeley Lab, depicting the discovery of Mendelevium - or Element 101 - as reenacted by some of the legendary scientists who did the actual work at that time. Since the 1940s, Berkeley Lab scientists were locked in a race to synthesize new elements, and more often than not, they came out winners. Sixteen elements, most of them in the actinide series at the bottom of the periodic table, were discovered and synthesized by its researchers. Retired Berkeley Lab physicist Claude Lyneis found the reel inmore » a box of dusty and deteriorating films slated for disposal. Using digital editing skills he acquired to make videos of his son's lacrosse team, Lyneis has produced and narrated an excerpt of this nearly-lost footage. It is an entertaining and informative look at the pioneering physics performed at UC Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's hillside campus.« less

Mendelevium: The Way It Was

ScienceCinema

None

2018-05-30

A reel of black & white film shot nearly 60 years ago has surfaced at Berkeley Lab, depicting the discovery of Mendelevium - or Element 101 - as reenacted by some of the legendary scientists who did the actual work at that time. Since the 1940s, Berkeley Lab scientists were locked in a race to synthesize new elements, and more often than not, they came out winners. Sixteen elements, most of them in the actinide series at the bottom of the periodic table, were discovered and synthesized by its researchers. Retired Berkeley Lab physicist Claude Lyneis found the reel in a box of dusty and deteriorating films slated for disposal. Using digital editing skills he acquired to make videos of his son's lacrosse team, Lyneis has produced and narrated an excerpt of this nearly-lost footage. It is an entertaining and informative look at the pioneering physics performed at UC Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's hillside campus.

Integrated microelectronics for smart textiles.

PubMed

Lauterbach, Christl; Glaser, Rupert; Savio, Domnic; Schnell, Markus; Weber, Werner

2005-01-01

The combination of textile fabrics with microelectronics will lead to completely new applications, thus achieving elements of ambient intelligence. The integration of sensor or actuator networks, using fabrics with conductive fibres as a textile motherboard enable the fabrication of large active areas. In this paper we describe an integration technology for the fabrication of a "smart textile" based on a wired peer-to-peer network of microcontrollers with integrated sensors or actuators. A self-organizing and fault-tolerant architecture is accomplished which detects the physical shape of the network. Routing paths are formed for data transmission, automatically circumventing defective or missing areas. The network architecture allows the smart textiles to be produced by reel-to-reel processes, cut into arbitrary shapes subsequently and implemented in systems at low installation costs. The possible applications are manifold, ranging from alarm systems to intelligent guidance systems, passenger recognition in car seats, air conditioning control in interior lining and smart wallpaper with software-defined light switches.

Study of optical and electronic properties of nickel from reflection electron energy loss spectra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, H.; Yang, L. H.; Da, B.; Tóth, J.; Tőkési, K.; Ding, Z. J.

2017-09-01

We use the classical Monte Carlo transport model of electrons moving near the surface and inside solids to reproduce the measured reflection electron energy-loss spectroscopy (REELS) spectra. With the combination of the classical transport model and the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling of oscillator parameters the so-called reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) method was developed, and used to obtain optical constants of Ni in this work. A systematic study of the electronic and optical properties of Ni has been performed in an energy loss range of 0-200 eV from the measured REELS spectra at primary energies of 1000 eV, 2000 eV and 3000 eV. The reliability of our method was tested by comparing our results with the previous data. Moreover, the accuracy of our optical data has been confirmed by applying oscillator strength-sum rule and perfect-screening-sum rule.

Multiaxis, Lightweight, Computer-Controlled Exercise System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Haynes, Leonard; Bachrach, Benjamin; Harvey, William

2006-01-01

The multipurpose, multiaxial, isokinetic dynamometer (MMID) is a computer-controlled system of exercise machinery that can serve as a means for quantitatively assessing a subject s muscle coordination, range of motion, strength, and overall physical condition with respect to a wide variety of forces, motions, and exercise regimens. The MMID is easily reconfigurable and compactly stowable and, in comparison with prior computer-controlled exercise systems, it weighs less, costs less, and offers more capabilities. Whereas a typical prior isokinetic exercise machine is limited to operation in only one plane, the MMID can operate along any path. In addition, the MMID is not limited to the isokinetic (constant-speed) mode of operation. The MMID provides for control and/or measurement of position, force, and/or speed of exertion in as many as six degrees of freedom simultaneously; hence, it can accommodate more complex, more nearly natural combinations of motions and, in so doing, offers greater capabilities for physical conditioning and evaluation. The MMID (see figure) includes as many as eight active modules, each of which can be anchored to a floor, wall, ceiling, or other fixed object. A cable is payed out from a reel in each module to a bar or other suitable object that is gripped and manipulated by the subject. The reel is driven by a DC brushless motor or other suitable electric motor via a gear reduction unit. The motor can be made to function as either a driver or an electromagnetic brake, depending on the required nature of the interaction with the subject. The module includes a force and a displacement sensor for real-time monitoring of the tension in and displacement of the cable, respectively. In response to commands from a control computer, the motor can be operated to generate a required tension in the cable, to displace the cable a required distance, or to reel the cable in or out at a required speed. The computer can be programmed, either locally or via a remote terminal, to support exercises in one or more of the usual exercise modes (isometric, isokinetic, or isotonic) along complex, multiaxis trajectories. The motions of, and forces applied by, the subject can be monitored in real time and recorded for subsequent evaluation. Through suitable programming, the exercise can be adjusted in real time according to the physical condition of the subject. The remote- programming capability makes it possible to connect multiple exercise machines into a network for supervised exercise by multiple subjects or even for competition by geographically dispersed subjects.

Improving the crashworthiness of general aviation aircraft by crash injury investigations.

PubMed

Kirkham, W R

1982-04-01

An aircraft accident investigation program correlates injuries to occupants with the severity of impacts and structural changes in the crash. Findings brought to the attention of aircraft manufacturers have led to specific aircraft being made more crash-worthy. The finding of a failure in a shoulder harness attachment led to the strengthening of the attachment brace. The way a shoulder harness was joined to a lapbelt was modified following a noted failure. The finding of fractures of lapbelt and shoulder harness cable tiedowns led to the use of stronger cables and modification of the installation. Other findings resulted in a shoulder strap guide being placed on an inertia reel and a side-mounted seat being modified. Described also are three seat-related features which, although meeting FAA standards, during the dynamics of a crash may lack desirable energy attenuation. These findings illustrate the value of aircraft crash injury correlations.

16 CFR 1205.6 - Warning label for reel-type and rotary power mowers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... cutting width of the blade as possible. However, in the absence of a suitable mounting surface near the center of the cutting width, the label shall be placed on the nearest suitable mounting surface to the...

10 Passed Technologies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Montfort, Nick

2001-01-01

Argues that not every disappearing technology deserves that fate and presents 10 technologies that have an elegance and simplicity the winners lack such as the electric trolley, pneumatic post, Amiga, ribbon microphone, WordStar, Edison's wax cylinder, slide rule, reel mover, automatic watch, and airship. (Author/ASK)

Wiring repair area, southwest corner of room 227, looking east. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Wiring repair area, southwest corner of room 227, looking east. Repair area includes soldering equipment and wire dispensing reels hanging from the ceiling - March Air Force Base, Strategic Air Command, Combat Operations Center, 5220 Riverside Drive, Moreno Valley, Riverside County, CA

Sample Acquisition and Handling System from a Remote Platform

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Badescu, Mircea; Sherrit, Stewart; Jones, Jack A.

2011-01-01

A system has been developed to acquire and handle samples from a suspended remote platform. The system includes a penetrator, a penetrator deployment mechanism, and a sample handler. A gravity-driven harpoon sampler was used for the system, but other solutions can be used to supply the penetration energy, such as pyrotechnic, pressurized gas, or springs. The deployment mechanism includes a line that is attached to the penetrator, a spool for reeling in the line, and a line engagement control mechanism. The penetrator has removable tips that can collect liquid, ice, or solid samples. The handling mechanism consists of a carousel that can store a series of identical or different tips, assist in penetrator reconfiguration for multiple sample acquisition, and deliver the sample to a series of instruments for analysis. The carousel sample handling system was combined with a brassboard reeling mechanism and a penetrator with removable tips. It can attach the removable tip to the penetrator, release and retrieve the penetrator, remove the tip, and present it to multiple instrument stations. The penetrator can be remotely deployed from an aerobot, penetrate and collect the sample, and be retrieved with the sample to the aerobot. The penetrator with removable tips includes sample interrogation windows and a sample retainment spring for unconsolidated samples. The line engagement motor can be used to control the penetrator release and reeling engagement, and to evenly distribute the line on the spool by rocking between left and right ends of the spool. When the arm with the guiding ring is aligned with the spool axis, the line is free to unwind from the spool without rotating the spool. When the arm is perpendicular to the spool axis, the line can move only if the spool rotates.

Reel Politik: Great Conservative Cinema.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Michael

1994-01-01

This viewer's guide reflects some of the best classic and contemporary film titles available. These are films that reflect the traditional values of faith, family, and freedom. Seventy-five films are reviewed in the categories of achievement, communism, conscience, entrepreneurship, faith, family, freedom, crime and justice, regulation and…

Space age. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1998-05-01

Space age had its world premiere at the large-screen Spaceport Theater at Cape Canaveral/Kennedy Spaceport. The first program was screened for invited guests who, that morning, also witnessed a launch of the Space Shuttle. Since that mission carried the first Japanese astronaut, it was a nice tie-in to the substantial co-production participation of space age by NHK Japan. A special press conference for the series and a twenty-minute preview reel was screened for journalists who were also at the Cape for the shuttle launch. Numerous first-hand newspaper articles were generated. CNN ran part of the preview reel. The first episodemore » in the series, `The Quest for Planet Mars,` then ran twice a day for a week, prior to the Public Broadcasting Service broadcast on an Imax format screen at the Spaceport theater. The program was seen by thousands of visitors. Space age also had a special premier at the National Academy of Sciences in Washington, DC with some 400 special guests, including scientists and government agency representatives.« less

Investigation of electrodynamic stabilization and control of long orbiting tethers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Colombo, G.; Arnold, D.

1984-01-01

The state-of-the-art in tether modelling among participants in the Tethered Satellite System (TSS) Program, the slack tether and its behavior, and certain advanced applications of the tether to problems in orbital mechanics are identified. The features and applications of the TSS software set are reviewed. Modelling the slack tether analytically with as many as 50 mass points and the application of this new model to a study of the behavior of a broken tether near the Shuttle are described. A reel control algorithm developed by SAO and examples of its use are described, including an example which also demonstrates the use of the tether in transferring a heavy payload from a low-orbiting Shuttle to a high circular orbit. Capture of a low-orbiting payload by a Space Station in high circular orbit is described. Energy transfer within a dumbbell-type spacecraft by cyclical reeling operations or gravitational effects on the natural elasticity of the connecting tether, it is shown, can circularize the orbit of the spacecraft.

Wireless remote liquid level detector and indicator for well testing

DOEpatents

Fasching, George E.; Evans, Donald M.; Ernest, John H.

1985-01-01

An acoustic system is provided for measuring the fluid level in oil, gas or water wells under pressure conditions that does not require an electrical link to the surface for level detection. A battery powered sound transmitter is integrated with a liquid sensor in the form of a conductivity probe, enclosed in a sealed housing which is lowered into a well by means of a wire line reel assembly. The sound transmitter generates an intense identifiable acoustic emission when the sensor contacts liquid in the well. The acoustic emissions propagate up the well which functions as a waveguide and are detected by an acoustic transducer. The output signal from the transducer is filtered to provide noise rejection outside of the acoustic signal spectrum. The filtered signal is used to indicate to an operator the liquid level in the well has been reached and the depth is read from a footage counter coupled with the wire line reel assembly at the instant the sound signal is received.

SLS Resource Reel Aug 2016 orig

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-07-04

Space Launch System Resource Reel Description: This video includes launch animation of NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS), as well as work taking place across NASA centers and the country to build and test the various components that make up the rocket including: the 5-segment solid rocket boosters, the RS-25 rocket engines, the massive tanks that make up the Core Stage of the rocket that fuels the RS-25 engines, and upper portions of the rocket that connect the interim cryogenic propulsion stage to the Orion spacecraft. SLS, is an advanced launch vehicle for a new era of exploration beyond Earth’s orbit into deep space. SLS, the world’s most powerful rocket, will launch astronauts in the agency’s Orion spacecraft on missions to an asteroid and eventually to Mars, while opening new possibilities for other payloads including robotic scientific missions to places like Mars, Saturn and Jupiter. Graphic Information: PAO Name:Kim Henry Phone Number:256-544-1899 Email Address: kimberly.m.henry@nasa.gov

Aerospace Laser Ignition/Ablation Variable High Precision Thruster

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Campbell, Jonathan W. (Inventor); Edwards, David L. (Inventor); Campbell, Jason J. (Inventor)

2015-01-01

A laser ignition/ablation propulsion system that captures the advantages of both liquid and solid propulsion. A reel system is used to move a propellant tape containing a plurality of propellant material targets through an ignition chamber. When a propellant target is in the ignition chamber, a laser beam from a laser positioned above the ignition chamber strikes the propellant target, igniting the propellant material and resulting in a thrust impulse. The propellant tape is advanced, carrying another propellant target into the ignition chamber. The propellant tape and ignition chamber are designed to ensure that each ignition event is isolated from the remaining propellant targets. Thrust and specific impulse may by precisely controlled by varying the synchronized propellant tape/laser speed. The laser ignition/ablation propulsion system may be scaled for use in small and large applications.

Reel Reform: Documentaries Spur Debate about Educational Reform

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hurley, Stephen

2011-01-01

Three new American documentaries including "Waiting for Superman," "The Lottery, Race to Nowhere" and one British entry, "We are the People We've Been Waiting For," have animated school reform debates. Each of these documentaries seeks to disturb the entrenched thinking by claiming that our educational institutions…

[Problem Solving Activities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wisconsin Univ. - Stout, Menomonie. Center for Vocational, Technical and Adult Education.

The teacher directed problem solving activities package contains 17 units: Future Community Design, Let's Build an Elevator, Let's Construct a Catapult, Let's Design a Recreational Game, Let's Make a Hand Fishing Reel, Let's Make a Wall Hanging, Let's Make a Yo-Yo, Marooned in the Past, Metrication, Mousetrap Vehicles, The Multi System…

Bodies of Knowledge and Doctoral Identities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bartlett, Alison

2011-01-01

In this article, the author comments on the articles in this special issue of "Innovations in Education and Teaching International (IETI)." The author recently saw a documentary called "Reel Injun: The Hollywood Indian" about the way American Indians are represented in Hollywood films. Watching this documentary amidst reading…

Kinematics of Tape Recording.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coleman, J. J.

1982-01-01

Describes mathematics of the nonliner relationships between a constant-speed, capstan-driven magnetic tape transport mechanism and a constant-angular-velocity take-up reel. The relationship, derived from the sum of a partial, serves in recognition of a finite tape. Thickness can serve as an example of rotational kinematics. (Author/SK)

Basic Casting from A to Z. Student's Instruction Booklet.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zebco, Tulsa, OK.

A profusely illustrated student instruction booklet contains step-by-step directions and diagrams for learning four basic casting techniques. Separate sections cover basic spin-casting, spinning, bait-casting, and fly-casting. Each section details recommended equipment (reel, rod, line, plug, tackle, lures, leaders, flies), describes specific…

"Reel" Marketing for Your Movie Collections and Film Resources

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Germain, Carol Anne

2012-01-01

Foreign language films generate language acquisition, international cultural films help with global business interactions, medical videos teach students new medical procedures, and movies based on books encourage reading. Films can be instructional as well as FUN! Yet some of these cinematic materials receive little to no attention, not to mention…

Visual Literacy/Process Writing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Karolides, Nicholas J., Ed.

1984-01-01

The articles in this journal issue provide a rationale and methods for enhancing students' critical awareness of visual media and for a process approach to composition instruction. The titles of the articles and their authors are as follows: (1) "Reel English: Film Study in the High Schools" (James Griswold); (2) "Introducing History Media"…

"Reel" Character Education: Using Film to Promote Global Citizenship

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Russell, William Benedict, III; Waters, Stewart

2013-01-01

This article explores using films to spark moral dilemma discussions and thereby promote critical thinking and character education for global citizenship in elementary classrooms. After clarifying some of the basic concepts associated with the fields of character education and global citizenship, and the interrelationship between the two, the…

50 CFR 600.725 - General prohibitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... reel, handline, spear. 6. American Lobster Fishery (FMP): A. Lobster pot and trap fishery A. Pot, trap... Fishery (Non-FMP) Trawl. 9. American Lobster Fishery (FMP managed by NEFMC): A. Pot and trap fishery A.... 7. South Atlantic Spiny Lobster Fishery (FMP): A. Commercial fishery A. Trap, pot, dip net, bully...

50 CFR 600.725 - General prohibitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... reel, handline, spear. 6. American Lobster Fishery (FMP): A. Lobster pot and trap fishery A. Pot, trap... Fishery (Non-FMP) Trawl. 9. American Lobster Fishery (FMP managed by NEFMC): A. Pot and trap fishery A.... 7. South Atlantic Spiny Lobster Fishery (FMP): A. Commercial fishery A. Trap, pot, dip net, bully...

Reel Leadership II: Getting Emotional at the Movies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Graham, T. Scott; Ackermann, J. Cooper; Maxwell, Kristi K.

2004-01-01

Emotional intelligence (EI) is emerging as an area of interest in leadership development. Recent research stresses how valuable strong EI skills are to the success of the person, team, organization, and society. Unlike IQ, emotional intelligence skills can be improved with focused training, coaching, and lifespan experiences. Effectively used,…

30 CFR 18.49 - Connection boxes on machines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Connection boxes on machines. 18.49 Section 18... Design Requirements § 18.49 Connection boxes on machines. Connection boxes used to facilitate replacement of cables or machine components shall be explosion-proof. Portable-cable terminals on cable reels...

Participatory Evaluation as Educational Outreach: Working in Unsettling Times

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harris, Carol E.

2007-01-01

In the context of information and communication technologies in five Newfoundland coastal communities, this article deals with participatory research and outreach. Outreach in these communities, reeling from the near-collapse of the fishery and struggling to survive in a climate of neo-liberal restructuring, is considered to be a holistic…

15 CFR 922.92 - Prohibited or otherwise regulated activities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Trade (Continued) NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE OCEAN AND... has been collected from the Sanctuary. (6) Using any fishing gear within the Sanctuary except rod and...) Possessing or carrying any fishing gear within the Sanctuary except: (i) Rod and reel, and handline gear; (ii...

15 CFR 922.92 - Prohibited or otherwise regulated activities-Sanctuary-wide.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY PROGRAM REGULATIONS Gray's Reef National... has been collected from the Sanctuary. (6) Using any fishing gear within the Sanctuary except rod and...) Possessing or carrying any fishing gear within the Sanctuary except: (i) Rod and reel, and handline gear; (ii...

15 CFR 922.92 - Prohibited or otherwise regulated activities-Sanctuary-wide.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY PROGRAM REGULATIONS Gray's Reef National... has been collected from the Sanctuary. (6) Using any fishing gear within the Sanctuary except rod and...) Possessing or carrying any fishing gear within the Sanctuary except: (i) Rod and reel, and handline gear; (ii...

15 CFR 922.92 - Prohibited or otherwise regulated activities-Sanctuary-wide.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY PROGRAM REGULATIONS Gray's Reef National... has been collected from the Sanctuary. (6) Using any fishing gear within the Sanctuary except rod and...) Possessing or carrying any fishing gear within the Sanctuary except: (i) Rod and reel, and handline gear; (ii...

16 CFR 1205.8 - Findings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... a relatively quick and effective way to cut grass, is substantial. Riding mowers, lawn and garden tractors, hand reel mowers, trimmers and edgers, and sickle-bar mowers also provide grass-cutting services... operator to use the clutch to prevent stalling when the mower bogs down in heavy grass. On the other hand...

16 CFR 1205.8 - Findings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... a relatively quick and effective way to cut grass, is substantial. Riding mowers, lawn and garden tractors, hand reel mowers, trimmers and edgers, and sickle-bar mowers also provide grass-cutting services... operator to use the clutch to prevent stalling when the mower bogs down in heavy grass. On the other hand...

Feed Fish Effluent and Reel in Savings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wert, Frank S.; Henderson, Upton B.

1978-01-01

Discusses the ways in which aquaculture can be a cost-effective wastewater treatment alternative. Fifteen strategies were selected as being appropriate and technologically feasible wastewater treatment systems to compare for the size of community under consideration. Costs for each stage of each strategy were estimated and compared. (Author/MA)

11 CFR 5.6 - Fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...—Paper Print Machine—$.05 per frame/page Reels of Microfilm Daily film (partial or complete roll)—$2.85... Plus cost of staff research time after first 1/2 hour (see Research Time) Publications: (available... ($25) and professional staff time (see Research Time). The cost varies based upon request. Computer...

11 CFR 5.6 - Fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...—Paper Print Machine—$.05 per frame/page Reels of Microfilm Daily film (partial or complete roll)—$2.85... Plus cost of staff research time after first 1/2 hour (see Research Time) Publications: (available... ($25) and professional staff time (see Research Time). The cost varies based upon request. Computer...

Reel Deans: The Portrayal of Higher-Education Administrators in American Films

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hess, Jeffrey Todd

2012-01-01

Leadership theory routinely focuses on the relationships of leaders within the context of the work environment; however, culture and, specifically, films are a pervasive influence on both individuals and work environments. The literature review revealed that the relationships between higher-education faculty and administrators are strained. A…

76 FR 65181 - Magnuson-Stevens Act Provisions; General Provisions for Domestic Fisheries; Application for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-20

... economic viability of using electric rod and reel gear to target pollock in the Western Gulf of Maine... would be conducted by the School for Marine Science and Technology at the University of Massachusetts... . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The School for Marine Science and Technology at the University of Massachusetts...

Southeast Asia Report

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-05-22

groups in an effort to restore-US- flavored de- mocracy in underdeveloped coun- tries like the Philippines. Reeling from the widely per- ceived...of 5-percent Jasmine rice reach 4,000 baht per kwian. It’s now at 3,500 baht. As for the 15-percent rice that we refer to as "phuang" rice, it is

Air Force Air Refueling for Naval Operations: History, Practice, and Recommendations

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-08-01

Air Force Air Refueling 0 ELECTE C4 N 910U for BU Naval Operations History, Practice, and Recommendations UtMON STA~IMENT X [ Apov.e ,opu,. Lt Col...as three hose reels provide redundancy over just one. 13. Be used in coordination with carriler -launched buddy tankers, there- by providing the

Texas State Library: Library Services and Construction Act. Annual Report, FFY 1977.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Texas State Library, Austin. Dept. of Library Development.

Texas State Library activities for 1977 which were funded under the Library Services and Construction Act (LSCA) are reported, including administrative expenses for LSCA; administrative tape conversion--to duplicate books recorded on open reel tapes to cassettes for use by the blind; continuing education and consulting for librarians; special…

IET. Control room in control building (TAN620). Terminal panels for ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

IET. Control room in control building (TAN-620). Terminal panels for instrumentation wiring. Note alarm horn and emergency light at right edge of view. Cable reel comes from Collier, Pawtucket, RI. Date: February 1955. INEEL negative no. 55-362 - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Test Area North, Scoville, Butte County, ID

30 CFR 57.12088 - Splicing trailing cables.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... cable reel or other power feed cable payout-retrieval system. However, a temporary splice may be made to... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Splicing trailing cables. 57.12088 Section 57... Underground Only § 57.12088 Splicing trailing cables. No splice, except a vulcanized splice or its equivalent...

30 CFR 57.12088 - Splicing trailing cables.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... cable reel or other power feed cable payout-retrieval system. However, a temporary splice may be made to... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Splicing trailing cables. 57.12088 Section 57... Underground Only § 57.12088 Splicing trailing cables. No splice, except a vulcanized splice or its equivalent...

30 CFR 57.12088 - Splicing trailing cables.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... cable reel or other power feed cable payout-retrieval system. However, a temporary splice may be made to... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Splicing trailing cables. 57.12088 Section 57... Underground Only § 57.12088 Splicing trailing cables. No splice, except a vulcanized splice or its equivalent...

30 CFR 57.12088 - Splicing trailing cables.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... cable reel or other power feed cable payout-retrieval system. However, a temporary splice may be made to... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Splicing trailing cables. 57.12088 Section 57... Underground Only § 57.12088 Splicing trailing cables. No splice, except a vulcanized splice or its equivalent...

JPL-20180416-INSIGHf-0001-Marco Media Reel 1

NASA Image and Video Library

2018-04-16

Mars Cube One is a Mars flyby mission consisting of two CubeSats that is planned for launch alongside NASA's InSight Mars lander mission. This will be the first interplanetary CubeSat mission. If successful, the CubeSats will relay entry, descent, and landing (EDL) data to Earth during InSight's landing.

He's Done It His Way.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Natale, Jo Anna

1992-01-01

When Jack Helfrich arrived as superintendent of the Ken-Ton Schools a decade ago, the western New York district was reeling from an enrollment plunge that halved the number of students, cut 600 teaching jobs, and closed 12 of 28 schools. Under Helfrich's leadership, schools assume responsibility for setting goals and making decisions related to…

Reel Stories of Teaching: Film and Teacher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fennell, Hope-Arlene

2013-01-01

In this article, findings are presented from a recently completed study conducted with teacher candidates from an educational foundations course in which films were used as part of the text to encourage critical discussion. The work explores teacher candidates' experiences with using films as means to develop critical and creative thinking about…

School Violence: Tragedy, Turmoil, Learning and Response

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Curriculum Review, 2008

2008-01-01

Newspaper headlines these past couple of months have sent many people reeling, as school violence dominates both K-12 and higher education settings once again. Within the first 15 days of February alone, a total of six shooting incidents took place, resulting in numerous deaths and many injuries. Coupled with the anniversaries of both the Virginia…

Nurturing Your Media

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Donohue, Nanette

2008-01-01

No other category of library materials has grown more quickly in the last several decades than audiovisual (AV), nor has any other category undergone so many changes in format. The transitions from vinyl records to 8-tracks to audiocassettes to CDs and from film reel to 3/4" U-Matic to VHS to DVD have impacted library services tremendously. The…

Memphis District Reels from Operations Woes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gewertz, Catherine

2008-01-01

The Memphis, Tennessee, school district is trying to steady itself in the wake of controversies that have rocked its operations side, potentially complicating its search for a new superintendent and renewing talk about putting the city's mayor in charge of the system. In the past few months, the district has been contending with official probes of…

Reel Leadership: Hollywood Takes the Leadership Challenge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Graham, T. Scott; Sincoff, Michael Z.; Baker, Bud; Ackermann, J. Cooper

2003-01-01

Movies have mesmerized audiences for years, crossing boundaries of race, gender, age, culture, and nationality. They have also been used to teach people how to lead. One text that zeroes in on the essence of leadership is "The Leadership Challenge", by Kouzes and Posner (2002). Through their research, they have highlighted five practices…

Reel Teachers: References for Reflection for Real Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaw, Carla Cooper; Nederhouser, Deborah Dobbin

2005-01-01

Movies with teachers as main characters provide a powerful medium of instruction in the teacher-education classroom. The authors describe a graduate course for practicing teachers, "The Portrayal of Teachers in Film," in which such movies stimulate the examination of trends in the portrayal of teachers and serve as springboards for the exploration…

Jack Nicholson: A Reel and Real-Life Contribution to Neurosciences.

PubMed

Tripathi, Manjul; Purkayastha, Moushumi; Rai, Ashutosh; Mukherjee, Kanchan K

2017-05-01

Though primarily considered entertainment, cinema is a mirror of society. The portrayal of neurosciences is common in cinema, but none could do it better than Jack Nicholson. We give a brief overview of his contribution to neurosciences by analyzing his acting skills. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

20. HANGAR BAY #2 FORWARD LOOKING AFT ON CENTERLINE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

20. HANGAR BAY #2 - FORWARD LOOKING AFT ON CENTERLINE - STARBOARD SIDE SHOWING CONFLAGRATION STATION, UPTAKE SPACE AND DEHUMIDIFICATION MACHINES - PORT SIDE SHOWING VARIOUS DECK WINCHES, ROLLER DOORS, HANGAR DECK PLANE CONTROL STATION AND AQUEOUS FIRE FIGHTING FOAM HOSE REELS. - U.S.S. HORNET, Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Sinclair Inlet, Bremerton, Kitsap County, WA

50 CFR 32.36 - Kentucky.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... than one youth. 14. All persons born after January 1, 1975, must possess a valid hunter education card... taking upland game. 5. You may possess only approved nontoxic shot (see § 32.2(k)) while hunting small... only allow one rod and reel or pole and line for fishing per person. iii. We prohibit the use of any...

50 CFR 32.36 - Kentucky.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... than one youth. 14. All persons born after January 1, 1975, must possess a valid hunter education card... taking upland game. 5. You may possess only approved nontoxic shot (see § 32.2(k)) while hunting small... only allow one rod and reel or pole and line for fishing per person. iii. We prohibit the use of any...

50 CFR 32.36 - Kentucky.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... than one youth. 14. All persons born after January 1, 1975, must possess a valid hunter education card... taking upland game. 5. You may possess only approved nontoxic shot (see § 32.2(k)) while hunting small... only allow one rod and reel or pole and line for fishing per person. iii. We prohibit the use of any...

50 CFR 32.36 - Kentucky.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... than one youth. 14. All persons born after January 1, 1975, must possess a valid hunter education card... taking upland game. 5. You may possess only approved nontoxic shot (see § 32.2(k)) while hunting small... only allow one rod and reel or pole and line for fishing per person. iii. We prohibit the use of any...

75 FR 7361 - Gray's Reef National Marine Sanctuary Regulations on the Use of Spearfishing Gear

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-19

... the use of powerheads since the 1981 GRNMS designation, powerhead spear tips and spent shells are... populations. Spearfishing has been shown to remove greater biomass of reef fishes than rod and reel fishing... marine debris. Nevertheless, spearfishing gear and ammunition shells associated with powerhead use have...

"Reel Navajo": The Linguistic Creation of Indigenous Screen Memories

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson, Leighton C.

2011-01-01

Popular cultures are key sites Philip Deloria has called the "production of expectations," and as a major form of popular culture, film has figured prominently in the circulation and reproduction of expectations about Native American peoples since the early twentieth century. This paper explores the ideologies and practices involved in the process…

Surface characterization of hydrogen charged and uncharged alpha-2 and gamma titanium aluminide alloys using AES and REELS

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shanabarger, M. R.

1990-01-01

The surfaces of selected uncharged and hydrogen charged alpha-2 and gamma titanium aluminide alloys with Nb additions were characterized by Auger electron (AES) and reflected electron energy loss (REELS) spectroscopy. The alloy surfaces were cleaned before analysis at room temperature by ion sputtering. The low energy (500 eV) ion sputtering process preferentially sputtered the surface concentration. The surface concentrations were determined by comparing AES data from the alloys with corresponding data from elemental references. No differences were observed in the Ti or Nb Auger spectra for the uncharged and hydrogen charged alloys, even though the alpha-2 alloy had 33.4 atomic percent dissolved hydrogen. Also, no differences were observed in the AES spectra when hydrogen was adsorbed from the gas phase. Bulk plasmon energy shifts were observed in all alloys. The energy shifts were induced either by dissolved hydrogen (alpha-2 alloy) or hydrogen adsorbed from the gas phase (alpha-2 and gamma alloys). The adsorption induced plasmon energy shifts were greatest for the gamma alloy and cp-Ti metal.

"GetReel": Engaging Year 6 Students in Planning, Scripting, Actualising and Evaluating Media Text

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kervin, Lisa

2009-01-01

The notion of "multiliteracies" and the development and creation of multimodal texts within classrooms is of pedagogic interest in this age of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT). The case study reported herein provides an analysis of how one teacher engaged her class of primary school students as they responded to the challenge of…

A Field of Desire: Visions of Education in Selected Australian Silent Films

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

May, Josephine

2010-01-01

The 1920s was an ambivalent decade in Australia: on the one hand Australians were still reeling from the disastrous effects of the Great War and on the other they were witnessing unprecedented and exciting technological and social changes brought about by modernity. One of the most important modern technologies was the cinema, which Australians…

The White Working Class, Racism and Respectability: Victims, Degenerates and Interest-Convergence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gillborn, David

2010-01-01

This paper argues that race and class inequalities cannot be fully understood in isolation: their intersectional quality is explored through an analysis of how the White working class were portrayed in popular and political discourse during late 2008 (the timing is highly significant). While global capitalism reeled on the edge of financial…

Reel History: U.S. History, 1932-1972, as Viewed through the Lens of Hollywood.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Briley, Ron

1990-01-01

Describes a year-long elective film course in modern U.S. history for twelfth grade students. Explains course methodology and objectives. Analyzes selected films to illustrate how the course elucidates the consensus-conflict theme in U.S. history since the 1930s and enhances student understanding of Hollywood's perspective on gender, race, and…

Reeling in the Years

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Czitrom, Daniel

2010-01-01

From 1973 to 1976 the author served as history department shop steward for the Teaching Assistants Association (TAA) at the University of Wisconsin (UW), the oldest such union in the country and the first to bargain collectively and obtain a contract. When he arrived in Madison in 1971 to pursue a PhD in American history, the TAA already had a…

Art, Craft, and Assimilation: Curriculum for Native Students during the Boarding School Era

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Slivka, Kevin

2011-01-01

This article sets out to compare and contrast language and rhetoric espoused by Richard Pratt, founder and Superintendent of the Carlisle Indian Industrial School until 1904, and Estelle Reel, author of "Course of Study for Indian Schools" and Superintendent of Indian Schools between 1898-1910, pertaining to the educational philosophy of the…

ARRA Funds Empower Schools to Power Down

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pascopella, Angela

2010-01-01

When President Obama first signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA), he took much criticism for spending more money--$787 billion more--when the nation was reeling from decades-old debt, a more than 9 percent unemployment rate and a mortgage crisis. But this measure has allowed public school district leaders to invest in…

About Our Agency | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Science.gov Websites

our agency Mission & vision Our commitment to science Our history Leadership RDML Tim Gallaudet our evolving planet View our featured experts Our history A weather kite being prepared for launching with kite-reel house in the background. NOAA's history is an intrinsic part of the history of the

Adult Workforce Education Is Reaching Out to Displaced Workers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Claypool, Christine Ryan

2005-01-01

It was the year 2002. Ohio was reeling from a decline in the manufacturing sector, which left thousands of northwestern Ohio workers unemployed. When the U.S. economy suffers from a recession, states like Ohio that rely heavily upon employment in manufacturing experience the impact first, according to Neal Eiber of Apollo Career Center Adult…

JPL-20170720-VOYAGEs-0001-Voyager Media Reel 3

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-07-20

The continuing mission of Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 to Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and interstellar space is documented. Included: construction and launch of the spacecraft. Movies made by the spacecraft. Animation of the Voyagers at the outer planets. A description of the "solar system portrait." The sounds recorded by Voyager 1 passing through dense interstellar plasma.

Test results of Thermal Ice Cap prototype and final comments. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Burley, W.

1982-01-01

The design and testing of an insulating cover, Ice Cap, for an ice rink are described. The radio-controlled reel system which houses, deploys, and harvests the 17,000 square feet of insulating material is essential to the success of the cover. Photographs showing the use of the system are included. (MHR)

Playgrounds for Free: The Utilization of Used and Surplus Materials in Playground Construction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hogan, Paul

This book is a guide to setting up playgrounds from junk materials--used tires, cable reels, inner tubes, and railroad ties, among others--that are child-oriented rather than created primarily for the convenience of adult superintendents. Interwoven with many photographs and plans showing how to use the materials is the author's commentary--part…

Low resolution radar digital interface. [with data recorder for precipitation measurements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1973-01-01

This document describes the design and operation of a low resolution radar data recording system for precipitation measurements. This system records a full azimuth scan on seven track magnetic tapes every five minutes. It is designed to operate on a continuous basis with operator intervention required only for changing tape reels and calibration.

Films and the English Class.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Donelson, Kenneth, Ed.

1971-01-01

The importance of film in the English classroom and its vitality in the English curriculum are discussed. Articles that comprise this issue of the bulletin are: The Trouble with Film Teaching by James E. Cutts; "You Ain't Heard Nothin' Yet" or Send Your Students to the Flicks Tonight by Bob Haskett; It's the Reel Thing: The Verite of Cinema Is…

Revisiting "Pearl Harbor": Resistance to Reel and Real Events in an English Language Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mackie, Ardiss; Norton, Bonny

2006-01-01

In this article, we draw on disruptive scenes in a postsecondary classroom to examine a critical incident concerning conflicting readings of the film "Pearl Harbor" (2001). We raise crucial questions for pedagogical work with popular film: Who speaks for whom about the meaning of a given film? Under what conditions do students resist…

Reel Science: An Ethnographic Study of Girls' Science Identity Development in and through Film

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chaffee, Rachel L.

2016-01-01

This dissertation study contributes to the research on filmmaking and identity development by exploring the ways that film production provided unique opportunities for a team of four girls to engage in science, to develop identities in science, and to see and understand science differently. Using social practice, identity, and feminist theory and…

Policy Responses to the Recent Poor Performance of the U.S. Labor Market

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haveman, Robert; Heinrich, Carolyn; Smeeding, Timothy

2012-01-01

Since the onset of the Great Recession, the U.S. labor market has been reeling. Public concern has largely focused on the unemployment rate, which rose to double digits and has since been stalled at just over 9 percent. This rate is unacceptably high, and macroeconomic policy efforts have been unsuccessful in bringing it down. The overall…

Magnetic Materials

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-03-01

provides high magnetic field capabilities. The emphasis, however, has largely been on semiconaucting and superconducting materials. The lab has not...was easily magnetized and demagnetized , whereas iiardened 0reel acted as a permanent magnet , led to the terminology of hard and soBt magnetic ...similar to Alnico, have relatively low magnetization but high coercive fields. They are well suited for uses where the demagnetizing fields are high

Reel Teaching = Real Learning: Motivating Reluctant Students through Film Studies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smilanich, Brad; Lafreniere, Nicole

2010-01-01

The authors provide a rationale for the critical study of film texts in the English language arts. For struggling or reluctant students, film offers an accessibility that the printed text may not. Students who are intimidated by, or impeded from, accessing print text are able to discuss film with acuity and insight. The study of visual texts can…

Reel Principals: A Descriptive Content Analysis of the Images of School Principals Depicted in Movies from 1997-2009

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolfrom, Katy J.

2010-01-01

According to Glanz's early research, school principals have been depicted as autocrats, bureaucrats, buffoons, and/or villains in movies from 1950 to 1996. The purpose of this study was to determine if these stereotypical characterizations of school principals have continued in films from 1997-2009, or if more favorable images have emerged that…

75 FR 28478 - Airworthiness Directives; Eurocopter France (ECF) Model AS332L1 and AS332L2 Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-21

... fully tilted the seat shoulder harness could become jammed between the seat and bulkhead. This condition, if not corrected, could result in the shoulder harness binding and causing the inertial reel to... seat backrest is fully tilted, there is a risk of the shoulder harness jamming between the seat and...

77 FR 61295 - Snapper-Grouper Fishery off the Southern Atlantic States; Snapper-Grouper Management Measures

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-09

...), gutted weight, to ensure that the hook-and-line component of the commercial sector has the opportunity to... hook-and-line quota is not met by September 1, boats with longline endorsements should be able to participate in the hook-and-line component of the commercial sector, using bandit reels, under a 500 lb (227...

CJ concept for advanced aircraft wiring

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Redslob, J.

1972-01-01

The techniques and hardware are described which were developed for facilitating the use of flexible flat conductor cable (FFCC) in commercial air transports. The system was designed as an evolutionary transition from the current round wire harnessing to the use of FFCC harnesses. The equipment discussed includes the pressure crimp barrel designed for terminating FFCC, reel-fed applicator, cable connectors and adaptors, and equipment racks.

Social Studies on the Outside Looking In: Redeeming the Neglected Curriculum

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hermeling, Andrew Dyrli

2013-01-01

Many social studies teachers are nervous about the coming of Common Core State Standards. With so much emphasis placed on literacy, social studies teachers fear they will see content slashed to leave time for meeting English's non-fiction standards. Already reeling from a lack of attention from the benchmarks put in place by No Child Left Behind,…

Reel Plastic Magic; A History of Films and Filmmaking in America.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kardish, Laurence

This topical history of American films begins with an explanation of how movies work and describes the earlier American films from the nickelodeons through D.W. Griffith. The development of the studios and the major American films of the 1920's through the 1950's is treated largely in terms of important stars, like Mary Pickford, Charlie Chaplin,…

High utilization ratio of metal organic sources for MOCVD-derived GdYBCO films based on a narrow channel reaction chamber

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Ruipeng; Liu, Qing; Xia, Yudong; Tang, Hao; Lu, Yuming; Cai, Chuanbing; Tao, Bowan; Li, Yanrong

2018-01-01

A narrow channel reaction chamber is designed in our home-made MOCVD system and applied to deposit GdYBCO films on the template of LaMnO3/epitaxial MgO/IBAD-MgO/solution deposition planarization-Y2O3-buffered Hastelloy tapes. In the reaction chamber, metal organic sources are transferred from the inlet to the outlet along the direction of the tape movement. Thus, compared to the vertical injection way of metal organic sources, the residence time of metal organic sources on the surface of substrates would be extended through adopting the novel reaction chamber. Therefore, the utilization of metal organic sources, which is calculated according to the measured results of experiments, can reach 31%. Additionally, the utilization ratio of metal organic sources based on the novel reaction chamber is basically two times as much as that of the commonly used vertical injection slit shower. What is more, through adjusting the process, the critical current density of 300 nm thick GdYBCO film prepared the reel-to-reel way has reached 3.2 MA cm-2 (77 K, 0 T).

Composite ceramic superconducting wires for electric motor applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Halloran, John W.

1990-04-01

Silver clad polycrystalline Y-123 wire is being fabricated with a continuous reel-to-reel process. Scale-up activities are underway to produce enough wire for the field coils of the HTSC motor. Green HTSC fiber were produced in kilometer lengths, and sintered wires up to 166 meters long. The 77K Jc values are 1000-2800 A/sq cm in self field. To improve Jc of the Y-123 wire, development began on directional crystallization, including preliminary work at A. D. Little and Oak Ridge National Lab. Large lots of BiSCCO material were produced to fabricated fibers and sintered polycrystalline BiSSCO wire as rolled tape. Work continued in collaboration with Sandia and Los Alamos National Laboratories on rapid thermal processing of Y-123, with most emphasis on characterizing the rapid oxygenation effect. The design of the HTSC homopolar motor has been improved to increase the output from field coils by using six smaller coils, each with separately optimized current. Motor construction is in progress. Preliminary design is underway on a dc heteropolar motor with HTSC field windings and armature and a brushless trapped flux permanent magnet dc motor, in which the field is produced by trapped flux in an HTSC rotor.

Effect of annealing high-dose heavy-ion irradiated high-temperature superconductor wires

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Strickland, N. M.; Wimbush, S. C.; Kluth, P.; Mota-Santiago, P.; Ridgway, M. C.; Kennedy, J. V.; Long, N. J.

2017-10-01

Heavy-ion irradiation of high-temperature superconducting thin films has long been known to generate damage tracks of amorphized material that are of close-to-ideal dimension to effectively contribute to pinning of magnetic flux lines and thereby enhance the in-field critical current. At the same time, though, the presence of these tracks reduces the superconducting volume fraction available to transport current while the irradiation process itself generates oxygen depletion and disorder in the remaining superconducting material. We have irradiated commercially available superconducting coated conductors consisting of a thick film of (Y,Dy)Ba2Cu3O7 deposited on a buffered metal tape substrate in a continuous reel-to-reel process. Irradiation was by 185 MeV 197Au ions. A high fluence of 3 × 1011 ions/cm2 was chosen to emphasize the detrimental effects. The critical current was reduced following this irradiation, but annealing at relatively low temperatures of 200 °C and 400 °C substantially restore the critical current of the irradiated material. At high fields and high temperatures there is a net benefit of critical current compared to the untreated material.

Houston, We Have A Problem: A History of Air-to-Ground Voice Transmissions from the U.S. Manned Space Program

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Swanson, Glen E.

2002-01-01

America's manned civil space program unfolded before the public through a vast array of sights and sounds. Beginning with Alan Shepard's first flight into space and continuing through the early Space Shuttle Program, nearly every word spoken between Earth and astronaut was recorded, transcribed and published for the world to see. Engineers installed onboard tape recorders which, as part of their data-saving function, recorded astronaut intercom communications. Some of these recordings were made during critical phases of each flight when the preservation of all data was essential. These tapes along with hundreds of others that gathered on the ground from each mission became the focused attention of legions of typists whose single job was converting voice to paper. Armed with reel-to-reel tape players, electric typewriters and reams of paper, these folks hammered out thousands of pages of transcripts. The results are a permanent written record that reveal a different side to America's manned space program; one in which its astronauts are both professional and profane, calm and excited, confident and unsure, healthy and sick - in a word, "human."

Space Shuttle Projects

NASA Image and Video Library

1992-08-08

Sharing this scene with a half-moon is the Tethered Satellite System (TSS), in a photo captured onboard the STS-46. Circling Earth at an altitude of 296 kilometers (184 miles), the TSS-1 will be well within the tenuous, electrically charged layer of the atmosphere known as the ionosphere. There, a satellite attached to the orbiter by a thin conducting cord, or tether, will be reeled from the Shuttle payload bay. On this mission the satellite was plarned to be deployed 20 kilometers (12.5 miles) above the Shuttle. The conducting tether will generate high voltage and electrical currents as it moves through the atmosphere allowing scientists to examine the electrodynamics of a conducting tether system. These studies will not only increase our understanding of physical processes in the near-Earth space environment, but will also help provide an explanation for events witnessed elsewhere in the solar system. The crew of the STS-46 mission were unable to reel the satellite as planned. After several unsuccessful attempts, they were only able to extend the satellite 9.8 kilometers (6.1 miles). The TSS was a cooperative development effort by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), and NASA.

Deployable structures using bistable reeled composites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Daton-Lovett, Andrew J.; Compton-Bishop, Quentin M.; Curry, Richard G.

2000-06-01

This paper describes an innovative, patented use of composite materials developed by RolaTube Technology Ltd. to make smart deployable structures. Bi-stable reeled composites (BRCs) can alternate between two stable forms; that of a strong, rigid structure and that of a compact coil of flat-wound material. Bi-stability arises as a result of the manipulation of Poisson's ratio and isotropy in the various layers of the material. BRCs are made of fiber- reinforced composite materials, most often with a thermoplastic matrix. A range of fibers and polymer matrices can be used according to the requirements of the operating environment. Samples of a BRC structure were constructed using layers of unidirectional, fiber-reinforced thermoplastic sheet with the layers at different angles. The whole assembly was then consolidated under conditions of elevated temperature and pressure. The properties of the BRC are described and the result of a series of experiments performed on the sample to determine the tensile strength of the BRC structure are reported. A full analysis using finite element methods is being undertaken in collaboration with the University of Cambridge, England. The first commercial use has been to fabricate boom and drive mechanisms for the remote inspection of industrial plant.

Space Shuttle Projects

NASA Image and Video Library

1992-08-24

This STS-46 onboard photo is of the Tethered Satellite System-1 (TSS-1) being deployed from its boom as it is perched above the cargo bay of the Earth-orbiting Space Shuttle Atlantis. Circling the Earth at an altitude of 296 kilometers (184 miles), the TSS-1 will be well within the tenuous, electrically charged layer of the atmosphere known as the ionosphere. There, a satellite attached to the orbiter by a thin conducting cord, or tether, will be reeled from the Shuttle payload bay. On this mission the satellite was plarned to be deployed 20 kilometers (12.5 miles) above the Shuttle. The conducting tether will generate high voltage and electrical currents as it moves through the atmosphere allowing scientists to examine the electrodynamics of a conducting tether system. These studies will not only increase our understanding of physical processes in the near-Earth space environment, but will also help provide an explanation for events witnessed elsewhere in the solar system. The crew of the STS-46 mission were unable to reel the satellite as planned. After several unsuccessful attempts, they were only able to extend the satellite 9.8 kilometers (6.1 miles). The TSS was a cooperative development effort by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), and NASA.

The New Solar System: China’s Evolving Solar Industry and Its Implications for Competitive Solar Power in the United States and the World

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ball, Jeffrey; Reicher, Dan; Sun, Xiaojing

Solar power is undergoing a revolution. Over the past decade, an energy source as old as the planet and theoretically all but limitless has plummeted in cost and begun in some places to be harnessed in large volume. This dynamic is disrupting the modern energy system and, as energy disruptions always do, rattling the geopolitical order. In the process, the industry that produces the equipment to convert sunlight into electricity is simultaneously reeling, consolidating, and surging. These twin transformations—one of the global energy system, one of the global solar industry—carry profound implications for national economies and for the planet. Atmore » the center of both transformations sits China. The New Solar System illuminates key and little- understood changes that are remaking the solar enterprise—in China and thus in the world. Based on this analysis, it recommends changes in U.S. solar policy—particularly timely with a new U.S. administration and Congress—that would put solar power on a more economically sensible path toward environmentally significant growth. The New Solar System does not seek to enable any country to beat another in the global solar industry. It seeks instead to help all countries find their most effective places. By better understanding and playing to their comparative strengths in the solar business, countries would achieve two key objectives. They would reduce the cost for the world of scaling up solar power. And they would be better positioned to fashion policies that maximized the long-term benefit to their own economies from solar’s global growth.« less

The Reel Deal In 3D: The Spatio-Temporal Evolution of YSO Jets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frank, Adam

2014-10-01

Jets are a ubiquitous phenomena in astrophysics, though in most cases their central engines are unresolvable. Thus the structure of the jets often acts as a proxy for understanding the objects creating them. Jets are also of interest in their own right, serving as critical examples of rapidly evolving astrophysical magnetized plasma systems. And while millions of CPU hours {at least} have been spent simulating the kinds of astrophysical plasma dynamics that occur routinely in jets, we rarely have had the chance to study their real-time evolution. In this proposal we seek to use a unique multi-epoch HST dataset of protostellar jets to carry forward an innovative theoretical, numerical and laboratory-based study of magnetized outflows and the plasma processes which determine their evolution. Our work will make direct and detailed contact with these HST data sets and will articulate newly-observed features of jet dynamics that have not been possible to explore before. Using numerical simulations and laboratory plasma studies we seek to articulate the full 3-D nature of new behaviors seen in the HST data. Our collaboration includes the use of scaled laboratory plasma experiments with hypersonic magnetized radiative jets. The MHD experiments have explored how jets break up into clumps via kink-mode instabilities. Therefore such experiments are directly relevant to the initial conditions in our models.

S201 catalog of far-ultraviolet objects

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Page, T.; Carruthers, G. K.; Hill, R. E.

1978-01-01

A catalog of star images was compiled from images obtained by an NRL Far-Ultraviolet Camera/Spectrograph operated from 21 to 23 April 1972 on the lunar surface during the Apollo-16 mission. These images were scanned on a microdensitometer, and the output recorded on magnetic tapes. The catalog is divided into 11 parts, covering ten fields in the sky (the Sagittarius field being covered by two parts), and each part is headed by a constellation name and the field center coordinates. The errors in position of the detected images are less than about 3 arc-min. Correlations are given with star numbers in the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory catalog. Values are given of the peak density and the density volume. The text includes a discussion of the photometry, corrections thereto due to threshold and saturation effects, and its comparison with theoretical expectation, stellar model atmospheres, and a generalized far-ultraviolet interstellar extinction law. The S201 catalog is also available on a single reel of seven-track magnetic tape.

Collection of Human Wastes on Long Missions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jennings, D. C.; Lewis, T. A.; Brose, H. F.

1986-01-01

Report evaluates and compares three alternative approaches to hygienic containment of human wastes. Three practical means of waste collection: filter-bag collection with compaction by fan suction, canister collection with compaction by force applied to compaction cups or disks, and sleeve collection with compaction by rollers and winding on reel. Potentially useful in airplanes, buses, boats, trains, and campers and temporary toilets for construction sites and outdoor gatherings.

Design study for multi-channel tape recorder system, volume 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1972-01-01

The means of storing multispectral, high resolution sensor data on an Earth observing satellite are studied. It is concluded that this is best done digitally on a multi-track, longitudinal, magnetic tape recorder. The machine proposed will store 8 X 10 to the 10th power bits of data on 1040 m of 51 mm-wide magnetic tape mounted on two co-planar reels.

How to Find the Students' Inner Geek

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zimmer, Marc

2005-01-01

As a chemistry professor at a liberal-arts college, the author believes it is his job to find the youthful awe in his students and draw it out so that they will be intrigued once again by science and nature, so that they want to learn about equilibria, pH, and redox reactions. He has to go fishing inside their brains, to find, hook, and reel in…

The Reel History of the World: Teaching World History with Major Motion Pictures

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Russell, William Benedict, III

2012-01-01

In today's society, film is a part of popular culture and is relevant to students' everyday lives. Most students spend over 7 hours a day using media. With the popularity and availability of film, it is natural that teachers attempt to engage students with such a relevant medium. The method of using film and the method of using firsthand accounts…

The dynamic phenomena of a tethered satellite: NASA's first Tethered Satellite Mission, TSS-1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ryan, R. S.; Mowery, D. K.; Tomlin, D. D.

1993-01-01

The tethered satellite system (TSS) was envisioned as a means of extending a satellite from its base (space shuttle, space station, space platform) into a lower or higher altitude in order to more efficiently acquire data and perform science experiments. This is accomplished by attaching the satellite to a tether, deploying it, then reeling it in. When its mission is completed, the satellite can be returned to its base for reuse. If the tether contains a conductor, it can also be used as a means to generate and flow current to and from the satellite to the base. When current is flowed, the tether interacts with the Earth's magnetic field, deflecting the tether. When the current flows in one direction, the system becomes a propulsive system that can be used to boost the orbiting system. In the other direction, it is a power generating system. Pulsing the current sets up a dynamic oscillation in the tether, which can upset the satellite attitude and preclude docking. A basic problem occurs around 400-m tether length, during satellite retrieval when the satellite's pendulous (rotational) mode gets in resonance with the first lateral tether string mode. The problem's magnitude is determined by the amount of skiprope present coming into this resonance condition. This paper deals with the tethered satellite, its dynamic phenomena, and how the resulting problems were solved for the first tethered satellite mission (TSS-1). Proposals for improvements for future tethered satellite missions are included. Results from the first tethered satellite flight are summarized.

GSFC specification electronic data processing magnetic recording tape

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tinari, D. F.; Perry, J. L.

1980-01-01

The design requirements are given for magnetic oxide coated, electronic data processing tape, wound on reels. Magnetic recording tape types covered by this specification are intended for use on digital tape transports using the Non-Return-to-Zero-change-on-ones (NRZI) recording method for recording densities up to and including 800 characters per inch (cpi) and the Phase-Encoding (PE) recording method for a recording density of 1600 cpi.

Nanomaterials Commercialization Center

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-02-01

turbine manufacturer). ln the wind energy area , customers clearly stated that the major short-tenn technical need for toughening is in the area of...interactions: • The wind energy composites market for turbine blades is an extremely high growth, high potential opportunity. Potential value ofnano...Wire Takeup System (MTS), with a winding pitch modified to meet the needs of the small diameter wire (- 100J.1m) produced in this reel-to-reelline

Tests for z-direction fibre orientation in paper

Treesearch

David W. Vahey; John M. Considine

2010-01-01

Fibres that acquire a z-direction tilt in the forming process help bond adjacent strata of the paper sheet, increasing z-direction shear. Fibre tilt manifests itself as a measurement difference when directionally sensitive tests are conducted “toward headbox” or “toward reel.” Seven of eight different paper grades ranging in grammage from 73 to 268 g/m2...

Tether Deployer And Brake

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carroll, Joseph A.; Alexander, Charles M.

1993-01-01

Design concept promises speed, control, and reliability. Scheme for deploying tether provides for fast, free, and snagless payout and fast, dependable braking. Developed for small, expendable tethers in outer space, scheme also useful in laying transoceanic cables, deploying guidance wires to torpedoes and missiles, paying out rescue lines from ship to ship via rockets, deploying antenna wires, releasing communication and power cables to sonobuoys and expendable bathythermographs, and in reeling out lines from fishing rods.

Museum Quality: A New Museum and Recharged College Bring Creative Energy to North Adams, Massachusetts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grant, Mary

2005-01-01

Nestled in the valley between the Berkshire hills and the Taconic range, North Adams, Massachusetts, in many ways is typical of old New England mill towns working hard to create a new identity in the global economy. When Sprague Electric left town in 1985, the city of 16,000 reeled from the loss of 4,000 blue-collar jobs. This article describes…

Space Fabrication Demonstration System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1978-01-01

Progress in the mechanical/structural assembly of the beam builder is reported. The following structures were investigated: cross brace magazine/dispenser subsystem; and rolling mill supply reel, guide, and drive. The fabrication facility design and a detail design of all major subsystem components are discussed. The number of spot welds per structural joint were reduced which enables the doubling of length of truss which can be produced within known electrode life limits.

Reel Music Teaching: A Classroom Music Teacher Reflects on the Portrayal of Music Teaching in Mr Holland's Opus

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Vries, Peter

2004-01-01

The commercially successful movie Mr Holland's Opus tells the story of a high school music teacher throughout his thirty year career. It offers the general public a picture of what it is to be a music educator. This article outlines a critical reading of the film from the perspective of a practising high school music teacher. Three broad themes…

Covalent Bonding of Thermoplastics to Rubbers for Printable, Reel-to-Reel Processing in Soft Robotics and Microfluidics.

PubMed

Taylor, Jay M; Perez-Toralla, Karla; Aispuro, Ruby; Morin, Stephen A

2018-02-01

The lamination of mechanically stiff structures to elastic materials is prevalent in biological systems and popular in many emerging synthetic systems, such as soft robotics, microfluidics, stretchable electronics, and pop-up assemblies. The disparate mechanical and chemical properties of these materials have made it challenging to develop universal synthetic procedures capable of reliably adhering to these classes of materials together. Herein, a simple and scalable procedure is described that is capable of covalently laminating a variety of commodity ("off-the-shelf") thermoplastic sheets to silicone rubber films. When combined with laser printing, the nonbonding sites can be "printed" onto the thermoplastic sheets, enabling the direct fabrication of microfluidic systems for actuation and liquid handling applications. The versatility of this approach in generating thin, multifunctional laminates is demonstrated through the fabrication of milliscale soft actuators and grippers with hinged articulation and microfluidic channels with built-in optical filtering and pressure-dependent geometries. This method of fabrication offers several advantages, including technical simplicity, process scalability, design versatility, and material diversity. The concepts and strategies presented herein are broadly applicable to the soft robotics, microfluidics, and advanced and additive manufacturing communities where hybrid rubber/plastic structures are prevalent. © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

High speed production of YBCO precursor films by advanced TFA-MOD process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ichikawa, H.; Nakaoka, K.; Miura, M.; Sutoh, Y.; Nakanishi, T.; Nakai, A.; Yoshizumi, M.; Izumi, T.; Shiohara, Y.

2009-10-01

YBa 2Cu 3O 7-y (YBCO) long tapes derived from the metal-organic deposition (MOD) method using the starting solution containing trifluoroacetate (TFA) have been developed with high critical currents ( I c) over 200 A/cm-width. However, high speed production of YBCO films is simultaneously necessary to satisfy the requirements of electric power device applications in terms of cost and the amounts of the tapes. In this work, we developed a new TFA-MOD starting solution using F-free salt of Y, TFA salt of Ba and Cu-Octylate for application to the coating/calcination process and discussed several issues by using the Multi-turn (MT) Reel-to-Reel (RTR) system calcination furnace for the purpose of high throughput without degradation of the properties. The coating system was improved for uniform deposition qualities in both longitudinal and transversal directions. YBCO films using the new starting solution at the traveling rate of 10 m/h in coating/calcination by the MT-RTR calcination furnace showed the values of the critical current density of 1.6 MA/cm 2 as thick as 1.5 μm at 77 K under the self fields after firing at the high heating rate in the crystallization.

Scale-up of 2G wire manufacturing at American Superconductor Corporation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fleshler, S.; Buczek, D.; Carter, B.; Cedrone, P.; DeMoranville, K.; Gannon, J.; Inch, J.; Li, X.; Lynch, J.; Otto, A.; Podtburg, E.; Roy, D.; Rupich, M.; Sathyamurthy, S.; Schreiber, J.; Thieme, C.; Thompson, E.; Tucker, D.; Nagashima, K.; Ogata, M.

2009-10-01

American Superconductor Corporation (AMSC) has developed the base technology and a manufacturing line for initial volume production of low-cost second generation high temperature superconductor (2G HTS) wire for commercial and military applications. The manufacturing line is based on reel-to-reel processing of wide HTS strips using rolling assisted bi-axially textured substrate (RABiTS™) for the template and Metal Organic Deposition (MOD) for the HTS layer. AMSC’s wide strip process is a low cost manufacturing technology since multiple wires are produced in a single manufacturing pass by slitting the wide strip to narrower width in the last stage of the manufacturing process. Industry standard 4.4 mm wide wires are produced by laminating metallic foils, such as copper, stainless steel or any other material, to the HTS insert wire, and are chosen to tailor the electrical, thermal and mechanical properties of the wire for specific applications. The laminated, 4.4 mm wide wires are known as “344 superconductors.” In this paper, we summarize the status of AMSC’s manufacturing capability, the performance of the wire presently being produced, as well as the cost and technical advantages of AMSC’s manufacturing approach. In addition, future direction for research and development to improve electrical performance is presented.

Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Fixed Wing Gunships in SEA (Jul 69 - Jul 71)

DTIC Science & Technology

1971-11-30

charac- teristics and components.) AC -ll9Gs were deployed as needed to various bases including Phu Cat , 3mPhan Rang, Da Nang, and Tan Son Nhut, but...270815Z Feb 70 which I cites the performance of RLAF AC -47 crews is on CHECO microfilm reel S-364. Other documents are in the process of being microfilmed...xiii OVERVIEW...................................................... xiv CHAPTER I - AC -47 COMBAT OPERATION

Chile: Political and Economic Conditions and U.S. Relations

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-12-10

achieve full independence until 1818. By 1932, Chile had established a mass electoral democracy, which endured until 1973. During much of this period...by the armed forces and other bodies. 6 Peter M. Siavelis, “ Electoral System, Coalitional Disintegration, and the Future of Chile’s Concertación...finally replaced,” Latin News Weekly Report, August 20, 2009. 13 Monte Reel, “Chile’s Student Activists: A Course in Democracy,” Washington Post

Annual Tropical Cyclone Report 2011

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-05-24

nuclear plant, still reeling after the tsunami disaster just a few months earlier.6 Operations at Kadena Air Base were put on hold 48 with major...conditions. Several of these early to mid-season forming TCs exhibited ―S‖ shaped, looping, or generally erratic tracks, with numerous passages near or over...track errors after -the fact to extend the data base (3) Mean forecast errors for all w arned systems in Northwest Pacific. 120-Hour Along Cross

Magnetic Tape Recording for the Eighties

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kalil, Ford (Editor)

1982-01-01

The practical and theoretical aspects of state-of-the-art magnetic tape recording technology are reviewed. Topics covered include the following: (1) analog and digital magnetic tape recording, (2) tape and head wear, (3) wear testing, (4) magnetic tape certification, (5) care, handling, and management of magnetic tape, (6) cleaning, packing, and winding of magnetic tape, (7) tape reels, bands, and packaging, (8) coding techniques for high-density digital recording, and (9) tradeoffs of coding techniques.

Oceans Melting Greenland OMG 2017 Media Reel

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-12-05

The Oceans Melting Greenland mission seeks to understand how ocean water is contributing to ice loss in Greenland. In October 2017, mission scientists and crew dropped 240 ocean probes from a C-130 aircraft into the waters around Greenland to measure ocean temperature and salinity. Footage includes aerial shots of Greenland landscapes, interior and exterior shots of the aircraft with crew and scientists at work, and shots from a chase plane showing the probes dropping.

Programing Procedures Manual (PPM).

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-12-15

terms ’reel’, ’unit’, and ’volume’ are synonymous and completely interchangeable in the CLOSE statement. Treatment of sequential mass storage files is...logically equivalent to the treatment of a file on tape or analogous sequential media. * For the purpose of showing the effect of various types of CLOSE...Overlay Area CA6 Address of Abend Relative to beginning of overlay segment The programer can now refer to the compile source listing for the overlay

The OPAC Reborn: Electronic Content Belongs in the OPAC, at Least if We Want People to Find It

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCracken, Peter

2004-01-01

One critical role of the catalog is to help librarians manage and track their inventory, whether it's books, videos, journals, microfilm reels, laptops, or even access to study rooms. The phrase, "if you can't track it, you don't own it," is quite real for the library that is trying to monitor thousands or millions of items. In the last decade,…

Arizona in . . . 16mm Films, 8mm Films, Filmloops, Filmstrips, Slides, Transparencies, Cassettes, Records, Photos, Prints, Posters, Charts, Study Prints, Maps, Flags, Book Returns, Bookmarks, Foods, Microfilm, Place Mats, Relief Model Kits, Stereo Picture Reels.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Choncoff, Mary, Comp.

The product of a year's search through numerous selection aids, catalogs, conference exhibits, book stores, shops at Arizona historical sites, etc., this compilation presents both instructional and promotional non-print materials relative to Arizona. Procedures for procuring materials, annotations, and bibliographic information (source, date of…

Louisiana Coastal Area, Louisiana. Notice of Study Findings. Water Supply

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-09-01

without a reel or artificial bait. 33 0 Hunting activities are as varied as fishing activities. Hunting for small game is the most prevalent activity and a...structure would be severe. Artificial elevation and manipulation of the water level in the incoming streams could be detrimental to the fishery and...routes that presently exist. In addition, artificial manipulation of the water levels would increase an already acute erosion problem in the area

IRRADIATION METHOD AND APPARATUS

DOEpatents

Cabell, C.P.

1962-12-18

A method and apparatus are described for changing fuel bodies into a process tube of a reactor. According to this method fresh fuel elements are introduced into one end of the tube forcing used fuel elements out the other end. When sufficient fuel has been discharged, a reel and tape arrangement is employed to pull the column of bodies back into the center of the tube. Due provision is made for providing shielding in the tube. (AEC)

Analysis of FY79 Army Aircraft Accidents.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-04-01

maintenance and field manuals . *.7 "reel world" Army operations. It Includes detailed lemons Additional requirmnent indifId by the results of the le-a...and 2. Emphb and direction to upgrade training at unit trufe of akrraft control, and school levels. R% eview the current aulons nd manuals to 3. Unit...Evaluation and revision of Army regulations, e Evluate effectiveness of programs desgned to technical manuals , field manuals , and other written Insure

Cytology of DNA Replication Reveals Dynamic Plasticity of Large-Scale Chromatin Fibers.

PubMed

Deng, Xiang; Zhironkina, Oxana A; Cherepanynets, Varvara D; Strelkova, Olga S; Kireev, Igor I; Belmont, Andrew S

2016-09-26

In higher eukaryotic interphase nuclei, the 100- to >1,000-fold linear compaction of chromatin is difficult to reconcile with its function as a template for transcription, replication, and repair. It is challenging to imagine how DNA and RNA polymerases with their associated molecular machinery would move along the DNA template without transient decondensation of observed large-scale chromatin "chromonema" fibers [1]. Transcription or "replication factory" models [2], in which polymerases remain fixed while DNA is reeled through, are similarly difficult to conceptualize without transient decondensation of these chromonema fibers. Here, we show how a dynamic plasticity of chromatin folding within large-scale chromatin fibers allows DNA replication to take place without significant changes in the global large-scale chromatin compaction or shape of these large-scale chromatin fibers. Time-lapse imaging of lac-operator-tagged chromosome regions shows no major change in the overall compaction of these chromosome regions during their DNA replication. Improved pulse-chase labeling of endogenous interphase chromosomes yields a model in which the global compaction and shape of large-Mbp chromatin domains remains largely invariant during DNA replication, with DNA within these domains undergoing significant movements and redistribution as they move into and then out of adjacent replication foci. In contrast to hierarchical folding models, this dynamic plasticity of large-scale chromatin organization explains how localized changes in DNA topology allow DNA replication to take place without an accompanying global unfolding of large-scale chromatin fibers while suggesting a possible mechanism for maintaining epigenetic programming of large-scale chromatin domains throughout DNA replication. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Crash tests of four low-wing twin-engine airplanes with truss-reinforced fuselage structure

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Williams, M. S.; Fasanella, E. L.

1982-01-01

Four six-place, low-wing, twin-engine, general aviation airplane test specimens were crash tested under controlled free flight conditions. All airplanes were impacted on a concrete test surface at a nomial flight path velocity of 27 m/sec. Two tests were conducted at a -15 deg flight path angle (0 deg pitch angle and 15 deg pitch angle), and two were conducted at a -30 deg flight path angle (-30 deg pitch angle). The average acceleration time histories (crash pulses) in the cabin area for each principal direction were calculated for each crash test. In addition, the peak floor accelerations were calculated for each test as a function of aircraft fuselage longitudinal station number. Anthropomorphic dummy accelerations were analyzed using the dynamic response index and severity index (SI) models. Parameters affecting the dummy restraint system were studied; these parameters included the effect of no upper torso restraint, measurement of the amount of inertia-reel strap pullout before locking, measurement of dummy chest forward motion, and loads in the restraints. With the SI model, the dummies with no shoulder harness received head impacts above the concussive threshold.

Reeled pipelay cost reduction using workboat-based installation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hoffman, J.G.; El Laithy, W.F.; Rothberg, R.H.

1995-11-01

Coiled ``tubing`` is a rapidly growing pipeline technology. because this technology is relatively new, cost can vary significantly depending on deployment strategies and installation techniques. Up until recently coiled pipe was used primarily by service companies for coiled tubing workovers. As the technology expanded the industry began using coiled tubing for other applications such as drilling, coring, logging, well cleanout operations and artificial lift. With the recent advent of larger sizes, three and one half inches, it was now possible to consider using coiled tubing as pipelines. The coiled pipe was proving to be a low cost, time saving, economicmore » alternative to conventional welded pipe for flowlines. Coiled pipe applications have been used in 4 to 100 feet of water in the Gulf of Mexico area and the installation techniques have varied significantly. Considerable engineering work has been done in preparation for GUPCO`s first dynamic lay installation for a subsea well tie-in on Ramadan 22. Subsequently GUPCO installed the worlds longest known coiled pipeline on SB 367. This paper will cover the significant findings of that engineering work and present actual field case histories on Egypt`s first two coiled pipeline projects.« less

17. NBS TOOL ROOM. MISCELLANEOUS TOOLS USED DURING EXTRA VEHICULAR ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

17. NBS TOOL ROOM. MISCELLANEOUS TOOLS USED DURING EXTRA VEHICULAR ACTIVITY (EVA) MISSIONS AND NBS TRAINING. FROM LEFT TO RIGHT THE TOOLS ARE: SHUTTLE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM (STS) PORTABLE FOOT RESTRAINT (PFR), ESSEX WRENCH, SOCKET WRENCH, SAFETY TETHER REEL (LEFT REAR), MINI WORKSTATION (CENTER REAR), TETHERS (FRONT CENTER), HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE (HST) POWER TOOL (FRONT RIGHT), HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE & PORTABLE FOOT RESTRAINT (REAR RIGHT). - Marshall Space Flight Center, Neutral Buoyancy Simulator Facility, Rideout Road, Huntsville, Madison County, AL

MAF Resource Reel August 2016

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-08-01

Edited b-roll video of NASA's Michoud Assembly Facility, which is managed by the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. This B-roll shows various projects including manufacturing of the Space Launch System core stage and the Orion spacecraft pressure vessel. It includes interior and exterior views of the facility. For more information and more detailed footage, please contact the center's Public & Employee Communications Office. PAO Name:Tracy McMahan Phone Number:256-544-0034 Email Address: tracy.mcmahan@nasa.gov

1. Credit PSR. View looks north from aircraft apron at ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

1. Credit PSR. View looks north from aircraft apron at south and east facades of the first hangar built at North Base in 1942. Note Building 4306 attached to hangar in distance; this structure is the boiler house to heat hangar during winters. Cable reels in foreground are from fiber optic and electrical cable installations ongoing at Edwards Air Force Base. - Edwards Air Force Base, North Base, Unicon Portable Hangar, First & C Streets, Boron, Kern County, CA

Wellbore manufacturing processes for in situ heat treatment processes

DOEpatents

Davidson, Ian Alexander; Geddes, Cameron James; Rudolf, Randall Lynn; Selby, Bruce Allen; MacDonald, Duncan Charles

2012-12-11

A method includes making coiled tubing at a coiled tubing manufacturing unit coupled to a coiled tubing transportation system. One or more coiled tubing reels are transported from the coiled tubing manufacturing unit to one or more moveable well drilling systems using the coiled tubing transportation system. The coiled tubing transportation system runs from the tubing manufacturing unit to one or more movable well drilling systems, and then back to the coiled tubing manufacturing unit.

The Stylist: A Pascal Program for Analyzing Prose Style

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-06-01

words from various periods of English literature, using a primitive tabulating device that spit out reels of paper. His results, however, proved little ...LITERATURE REVIEW When I first conceived of The Stylist, I believed that a "style checker" was a completely original idea. Little did I know that major...sonic coillec. P1C.Style, however, had little to recoinwimid itself besi~des.-this 1Ituro, It relics upon a readability rormula. It also attempts somle

Cobalt terephthalate MOF-templated synthesis of porous nano-crystalline Co3O4 by the new indirect solid state thermolysis as cathode material of asymmetric supercapacitor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bigdeli, Hadise; Moradi, Morteza; Hajati, Shaaker; Kiani, Mohammad Ali; Toth, Jozsef

2017-10-01

In this work, two different types of Co3O4 nano-crystals were synthesized by (i) conventional direct solid state thermolysis of cobalt terephthalate metal-organic framework (MOF-71) and (ii) new indirect solid state thermolysis of Co(OH)2 derived by alkaline aqueous treatment of MOF-71. The products were then characterized by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy (REELS), Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) techniques. By REELS analysis the energy band gap of MOF-71 was determined to be 3.7 eV. Further, electrochemical performance of each Co3O4 nanostructure was studied by the cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in a three-electrode system in KOH electrolyte. An asymmetric supercapacitor was fabricated using indirect Co3O4 nanoparticles as cathode and electrochemically reduced graphene oxide as anode, and the electrochemical properties were studied and showed a high energy density of 13.51 Wh kg-1 along with a power density of 9775 W kg-1 and good cycling stability with capacitance retention rate of 85% after 2000 cycles.

Brute force absorption contrast microtomography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davis, Graham R.; Mills, David

2014-09-01

In laboratory X-ray microtomography (XMT) systems, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is typically determined by the X-ray exposure due to the low flux associated with microfocus X-ray tubes. As the exposure time is increased, the SNR improves up to a point where other sources of variability dominate, such as differences in the sensitivities of adjacent X-ray detector elements. Linear time-delay integration (TDI) readout averages out detector sensitivities on the critical horizontal direction and equiangular TDI also averages out the X-ray field. This allows the SNR to be increased further with increasing exposure. This has been used in dentistry to great effect, allowing subtle variations in dentine mineralisation to be visualised in 3 dimensions. It has also been used to detect ink in ancient parchments that are too damaged to physically unroll. If sufficient contrast between the ink and parchment exists, it is possible to virtually unroll the tomographic image of the scroll in order that the text can be read. Following on from this work, a feasibility test was carried out to determine if it might be possible to recover images from decaying film reels. A successful attempt was made to re-create a short film sequence from a rolled length of 16mm film using XMT. However, the "brute force" method of scaling this up to allow an entire film reel to be imaged presents a significant challenge.

Method and apparatus for coating thin foil with a boron coating

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lacy, Jeffrey L.

An apparatus and a process is disclosed for applying a boron coating to a thin foil. Preferably, the process is a continuous, in-line process for applying a coating to a thin foil comprising wrapping the foil around a rotating and translating mandrel, cleaning the foil with glow discharge in an etching chamber as the mandrel with the foil moves through the chamber, sputtering the foil with boron carbide in a sputtering chamber as the mandrel moves through the sputtering chamber, and unwinding the foil off the mandrel after it has been coated. The apparatus for applying a coating to amore » thin foil comprises an elongated mandrel. Foil preferably passes from a reel to the mandrel by passing through a seal near the initial portion of an etching chamber. The mandrel has a translation drive system for moving the mandrel forward and a rotational drive system for rotating mandrel as it moves forward. The etching chamber utilizes glow discharge on a surface of the foil as the mandrel moves through said etching chamber. A sputtering chamber, downstream of the etching chamber, applies a thin layer comprising boron onto the surface of the foil as said mandrel moves through said sputtering chamber. Preferably, the coated foil passes from the mandrel to a second reel by passing through a seal near the terminal portion of the sputtering chamber.« less

Space Shuttle Project

NASA Image and Video Library

1992-08-24

A crewmember aboard the Space Shuttle Orbiter Atlantis (STS-46) used a 70mm handheld camera to capture this medium closeup view of early operations with the Tethered Satellite System (TSS). TSS-1 is being deployed from its boom as it is perched above the cargo bay of the Earth-orbiting Shuttle circling the Earth at an altitude of 296 kilometers (184 miles), the TSS-1 will be well within the tenuous, electrically charged layer of the atmosphere known as the ionosphere. There, a satellite attached to the orbiter by a thin conducting cord, or tether, will be reeled from the Shuttle payload bay. On this mission the satellite was plarned to be deployed 20 kilometers (12.5 miles) above the Shuttle. The conducting tether will generate high voltage and electrical currents as it moves through the atmosphere allowing scientists to examine the electrodynamics of a conducting tether system. These studies will not only increase our understanding of physical processes in the near-Earth space environment, but will also help provide an explanation for events witnessed elsewhere in the solar system. The crew of the STS-46 mission were unable to reel the satellite as planned. After several unsuccessful attempts, they were only able to extend the satellite 9.8 kilometers (6.1 miles). The TSS was a cooperative development effort by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), and NASA.

Present status and strategy of reel-to-reel TFA-MOD process for coated conductors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Izumi, T.; Yoshizumi, M.; Miura, M.; Nakaoka, K.; Ichikawa, Y.; Sutoh, Y.; Miyata, S.; Fukushima, H.; Yamada, Y.; Shiohara, Y.

2009-10-01

On the research and development of a reel-to-reel TFA-MOD (Metal Organic Deposition using Trifluoro-acetates) process, a present status is reviewed and its future strategy is addressed. As a base of the study, the 90 m long tape with uniform I c distribution of the 300 A/cm-width level was obtained on the CeO 2 buffered IBAD-Gd 2Zr 2O 7/Hastelloy C276 substrate. The tape has the 56 m region with the end-to-end I c value of 250 A, which corresponds to maximum product of I c × L of 14,000 Am. Based on the results, several directions on R&D have been studied such as “higher I c”, “higher I c- B”, “higher production rate both in coating/calcinations and crystallization steps” and lower cost buffer/substrate”. Then, an extremely high I c value of 735 A/cm-width was achieved in a short tape by the compositional control (e.g. Ba-deficient), in the starting solutions. On the efforts for achieving higher I c- B properties, high I c values of 115 and 35 A/cm-width under the magnetic fields of 1 and 3 T were obtained by the RE mixture of Y and Gd in REBCO, addition of Zr and a growth rate control process. On the other hand, the production rate for the coating/calcinations process was improved by development of new starting solutions, which uses F-free Y salt instead of TFA salt of Y. The high J c value of 1.9 MA/cm 2 was confirmed using the precursor films fabricated at a high traveling rate of 10 m/h. Concerning a higher rate in the crystallization step, the multi-turning system with a vertical gas flow system was developed. The validity of the concept was confirmed using 2-turn parts of the furnace. The high I c value of 250 A/cm-width was realized in the 5 m tape crystallized with a traveling rate of 3 m/h, which is equivalent to 15 m/h for usage of entire area of the furnace of 10-turns. Furthermore, in order to achieve the lower cost, the architecture of the coated conductor with a low cost buffer/substrate system has been developed. An IBAD buffered substrate using IBAD-MgO layer (CeO 2/LMO/IBAD-MgO/Hastelloy C276) was developed and a high production rate of 24 m/h was realized for IBAD-MgO layer using a small ion gun system with the area of 6 × 22 cm 2. The grain texturing of the substrate was reached the Δ ϕ value of 4° in the CeO 2 layer. This substrate was applied to the above mentioned multi-turning crystallization furnace for TFA-MOD process. Then, a 5 m long tape with 260 A/cm-width (@77 K. s.f.) was achieved. According to the TFA-MOD process in the above achievements, the prospects of each issue for the future stage were independently confirmed. Consequently, R&D combining the above-mentioned achievements for longer tapes are expected in the next stage.

Real Time Intrusion Detection (la detection des intrusions en temps reel)

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-06-01

prometteuses actuelles et nouvelles, susceptibles d’être utilisées pour des applications temps réel, et laisse prévoir ainsi les technologies et les...components, to survivability, as a risk management problem requiring the involvement of the whole organization to support the survival of the organization’s...this topic. In all fairness , until recently “reaction” has not been part of IDS’s functionality. Above all and as stated previously, traditional RT

Shuttle/tethered satellite system conceptual design study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

A closed-loop control system was added to the tether reel which improves control over the tethered satellite. In addition to increasing the stability of the tethered satellite along local vertical, this control system is used for deployment and retrieval of tethered satellites. This conceptual design study describes a tether system for suspending a science payload at an altitude of 120 km from space shuttle orbiter flying at an altitude of 200 km. In addition to the hardware conceptual designs, various aspects concerning Orbiter accommodations are discussed.

Aircraft Trajectories Computation-Prediction-Control (La Trajectoire de l’Avion Calcul-Prediction-Controle). Volume 3

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-05-01

et au suivi des trajcctoires d’a&onefs se subdivise en trois parties: (a) un recueil des r~sumis des contributions - le texte integral sera...Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation EUROCONTROL Engineering Directorate 72, rue de la Loi B- 1040 Bruxelles Belgium PANEL EXECUTIVE From Europe...AIRCRAFT MOTION IN MOVING AIR b R.Brockhaus DETERMINATION DES LOIS DE GUIDAGE QUASI-OPTIMALES EN TEMPS REEL POUR 4 A-3/4 DES TRAJECTOIRES DAVIONS DE COMBAT

Advanced Techniques in Crash Impact Protection and Emergency Egress from Air Transport Aircraft

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-06-01

4.5.1 Integrated Upper Torso Restraint 70 4.5.1.1 NASA Ames Integrated System 71 4.5.1.2 Chrysler Corporate System 74 4.5.2 Y-Yoke Inertia Reel...3. International Husky Corporation /Boeing future concept lifting-body air freighter [Aviation Week, 1974 (32)] 4 4. Possible configuration of...39 24. Demonstration of passenger donning Schjeldahl "S" model "safety" hood in Chrysler Corporation Gulfstream. This smoke hood is presently in use

Description of two new Calicnemia from Vietnam and central Laos with notes on their congeners in Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae).

PubMed

Phan, Quoc Toan; Kompier, Tom; Karube, Haruki

2017-02-16

Descriptions are given of two new species of Calicnemia: C. akahara sp. nov. from central and southern Vietnam and C. hamata sp. nov. from central Laos. C. soccifera Yu & Chen, 2013, and C. haksik Wilson & Reels, 2003, are recorded for the first time from Vietnam; C. uenoi Asahina, 1997, is redescribed with new illustrations provided of its anal appendages and genital ligula; and the occurrence of C. mortoni (Laidlaw, 1917) in Vietnam is discussed.

De l'Espace du Dessin a Celui de l'Objet. Une Activite de Mises en Correspondances Entre des Dessins en Perspective Cavaliere et des Objets Reels.=From Drawing to Object Space. Analysis of Activities Connecting Objects with Their Perspective Drawings.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baldy, Rene

1988-01-01

The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of the difficulties met by adults with lower levels of education on reading perspective drawings. Subjects were asked to describe verbally two perspective drawings of objects, then choose objects with defined spatial properties. Results indicated that success was an "all or…

Flexible and stretchable electrodes for dielectric elastomer actuators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rosset, Samuel; Shea, Herbert R.

2013-02-01

Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) are flexible lightweight actuators that can generate strains of over 100 %. They are used in applications ranging from haptic feedback (mm-sized devices), to cm-scale soft robots, to meter-long blimps. DEAs consist of an electrode-elastomer-electrode stack, placed on a frame. Applying a voltage between the electrodes electrostatically compresses the elastomer, which deforms in-plane or out-of plane depending on design. Since the electrodes are bonded to the elastomer, they must reliably sustain repeated very large deformations while remaining conductive, and without significantly adding to the stiffness of the soft elastomer. The electrodes are required for electrostatic actuation, but also enable resistive and capacitive sensing of the strain, leading to self-sensing actuators. This review compares the different technologies used to make compliant electrodes for DEAs in terms of: impact on DEA device performance (speed, efficiency, maximum strain), manufacturability, miniaturization, the integration of self-sensing and self-switching, and compatibility with low-voltage operation. While graphite and carbon black have been the most widely used technique in research environments, alternative methods are emerging which combine compliance, conduction at over 100 % strain with better conductivity and/or ease of patternability, including microfabrication-based approaches for compliant metal thin-films, metal-polymer nano-composites, nanoparticle implantation, and reel-to-reel production of μm-scale patterned thin films on elastomers. Such electrodes are key to miniaturization, low-voltage operation, and widespread commercialization of DEAs.

Data management in NOAA

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Callicott, William M.

1993-01-01

The NOAA archives contain 150 terabytes of data in digital form, most of which are the high volume GOES satellite image data. There are 630 data bases containing 2,350 environmental variables. There are 375 million film records and 90 million paper records in addition to the digital data base. The current data accession rate is 10 percent per year and the number of users are increasing at a 10 percent annual rate. NOAA publishes 5,000 publications and distributes over one million copies to almost 41,000 paying customers. Each year, over six million records are key entered from manuscript documents and about 13,000 computer tapes and 40,000 satellite hardcopy images are entered into the archive. Early digital data were stored on punched cards and open reel computer tapes. In the late seventies, an advanced helical scan technology (AMPEX TBM) was implemented. Now, punched cards have disappeared, the TBM system was abandoned, most data stored on open reel tapes have been migrated to 3480 cartridges, many specialized data sets were distributed on CD ROM's, special archives are being copied to 12 inch optical WORM disks, 5 1/4 inch magneto-optical disks were employed for workstation applications, and 8 mm EXABYTE tapes are planned for major data collection programs. The rapid expansion of new data sets, some of which constitute large volumes of data, coupled with the need for vastly improved access mechanisms, portability, and improved longevity are factors which will influence NOAA's future systems approaches for data management.

Feeding performance of king Mackerel, Scomberomorus cavalla.

PubMed

Ferguson, Amber R; Huber, Daniel R; Lajeunesse, Marc J; Motta, Philip J

2015-08-01

Feeding performance is an organism's ability to capture and handle prey. Although bite force is a commonly used metric of feeding performance, other factors such as bite pressure and strike speed are also likely to affect prey capture. Therefore, this study investigated static bite force, dynamic speeds, and predator and prey forces resulting from ram strikes, as well as bite pressure of the king mackerel, Scomberomorus cavalla, in order to examine their relative contributions to overall feeding performance. Theoretical posterior bite force ranged from 14.0-318.7 N. Ram speed, recorded with a rod and reel incorporated with a line counter and video camera, ranged from 3.3-15.8B L/s. Impact forces on the prey ranged from 0.1-1.9 N. Bite pressure, estimated using theoretical bite forces at three gape angles and tooth cross-sectional areas, ranged from 1.7-56.9 MPa. Mass-specific bite force for king mackerel is relatively low in comparison with other bony fishes and sharks, with relatively little impact force applied to the prey during the strike. This suggests that king mackerel rely on high velocity chases and high bite pressure generated via sharp, laterally compressed teeth to maximize feeding performance. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

SOA Challenges for Real-Time and Disadvantaged Grids (Defis de la SOA pour les reseaux defavorises et en temps reel)

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-04-01

des améliorations mesurables de la capacité de traitement des messages. Plusieurs facteurs clés de réussite ont été identifiés, notamment...l’utilisation de normes ouvertes, la facilité de gestion et de configuration et la transparence pour l’utilisateur. L’infrastructure de messagerie doit...STO », « RTO » ou « AGARD » selon le cas, suivi du numéro de série. Des informations analogues, telles que

Norris Bradbury Tribute by J. Robert Oppenheimer

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Meade, Roger Allen

Stored on a reel of microfilm are three faint and barely readable letters written on the occasion of Norris Bradbury’s fifteen-year anniversary as Director of the (then) Los Alamos Science Laboratory. The first letter, written by Los Alamos Public Relations Officer John V. Young, asks Oppenheimer to send a “congratulatory message to be read at a ceremony honoring Bradbury’s tenure as Laboratory Director. The second letter is Oppenheimer’s response to Young, and the third is Oppenheimer’s congratulatory message to Bradbury. The three letters are transcribed below.

26. A typical outer rod room, or rack room, showing ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

26. A typical outer rod room, or rack room, showing the racks for the nine horizontal control rods (HCRs) that would be inserted or withdrawn from the pile to control the rate of reaction. In this case, it is the 105-F Reactor in February 1945. The view is looking away from the pile, which is out of the picture on the left. Several of the cooling water hose reels for the rods can be seen at the end of the racks near the wall. D-8323 - B Reactor, Richland, Benton County, WA

Consequences of the Introduction of Insensitive Munitions on Safety, Collateral Damage and Operations (consequenties van de invoering van mkm-munitie op veiligheid, gevolgschade en (internationaal) opereren

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-06-01

van de werkzaamheden In dit rapport worden de gevolgen van initiatie van munitie door een ongewilde externe stimulus beschouwd aan de hand van reele...operationele scenario’s. Dit wordt vergeleken met de gevolgen in dezelfde scenario’s, waarin gebruik is gemaakt van Minder Kwetsbare Munitie (MKM). Naast...de historie van MKM wordt uitgelegd wat Inleiding of terroristische activiteiten, maar ook door MKM is. Vervolgens worden de gevolgen Munitie en de

Building resilience.

PubMed

Seligman, Martin E P

2011-04-01

Failure is a familiar trauma in life, but its effects on people differ widely. Some reel, recover, and move on with their lives; others get bogged down by anxiety, depression, and fear of the future. Seligman, who is known as the father of positive psychology, has spent three decades researching failure, helplessness, and optimism. He created a program at the University of Pennsylvania to help young adults and children overcome anxiety and depression, and has worked with colleagues from around the world to develop a program for teaching resilience. That program is being tested by the U.S. Army, an organization of 1.1 million people where trauma is more common and more severe than in any corporate setting. Nevertheless, businesspeo-ple can draw lessons from resilience training, particularly in times of failure and stagnation. The program is called Comprehensive Soldier Fitness, and it has three components: the Global Assessment Tool, a test for psychological fitness (administered to more than 900,000 soldiers to date); self-improvement courses following the test; and "master resilience training" (MRT) for drill sergeants. MRT focuses on enhancing mental toughness, highlighting and honing strengths, and fostering strong relationships-core competencies for any successful manager.

Rotatable electric cable connecting system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Manges, D. R. (Inventor)

1985-01-01

A cable reel assembly is described which is particularly adapted for, but not limited to, a system for providing electrical connection of power and data signals between an orbiter vehicle, such as a space shuttle, and a recovered satellite. The assembly is comprised of two mutually opposing ring type structures having 180 deg relative rotation with one of the structures being held in fixed position while the other structure is rotatable. Motor controlled berthing latches and umbilical cable connectors for the satellite are located on the rim of the rotatable ring structure. The electrical cable assembly is fed in two sections from the orbiter vehicle into the outer rim portion of the fixed ring structure where they are directed inwardly and attached to two concentrically coiled metal bands whose respective ends are secured to inner and outer post members of circular sets of guide pins located on opposing circular plate members, one rotatable and one fixed. The cable sections are fed out as three output cable sections through openings in the central portion of the circular plate of the rotatable ring structure where they are directed to the latches and connectors located on its rim.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: Observed/expected lung-to-head ratio as a predictor of long-term morbidity.

PubMed

King, Sebastian K; Alfaraj, Malikah; Gaiteiro, Rose; O'Brien, Karel; Moraes, Theo; Humpl, Tilman; Marcon, Margaret; Chiang, Monping; Reyes, Janette; Haliburton, Beth; Ryan, Greg; Cox, Peter; Chiu, Priscilla P L

2016-05-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the association of observed/expected (O/E) lung-to-head ratio (LHR) with long-term morbidity for isolated fetal congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) patients in a single institution. We performed a retrospective study of prenatally diagnosed CDH from 18 to 38weeks of gestation (01/2002-04/2010). Two cohorts of O/E LHR were defined (22.6-45%, 45.1-78.3%) based upon previous studies. Survivors with at least 1-year follow-up of prospectively collected long-term morbidity assessments were included. O/E LHR was available in 43 survivors (median 40%, range 22.8-78.3%). Follow-up data were available in 41 survivors (M:F=24:17, left CDH=39/41). Median follow-up was 6.5years (1-11years). Height/weight trajectories were similar between the two cohorts, with the majority below the 50th centile. There were no differences between the two cohorts by age 3years for Bayley scales (developmental domains) and/or REEL-3 (language development). In addition, V/Q scans in the two cohorts demonstrated similar degrees of mismatch (mean delta V/Q=35.4 versus 31.3). In fetuses with isolated CDH, a reduction in O/E LHR does not predict a worse outcome in long-term follow-up. There is no association between a lower O/E LHR and a reduction in REEL-3 or Bayley score nor V/Q mismatch. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Study on the mechanical analysis and the testing technology of the optical fiber cables released from the bobbin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Rong; Li, Zhen-hua; Bian, Bao-min; Liu, Cheng-lin; Ji, Yun-jing

2014-12-01

Accurate measurements of forces applied to the optical cable reels with high spinning speeds, will render information on the breakdown of optical fibers, and thus improve the odds of success and un-winding efficiency. In this paper we analyze and deduce the cable wire stress at high pay-off speeds. A high-sensitive opti-mechanical testing sensory device is designed to measure both the axial tension of the cables and the radial pressure of the cable reels at varying stress points simultaneously. The time resolution of this new device is less than 0.015ms, the response time is up to 15μs, and its sensitivity is about 500pc/N, which satisfies the mechanical testing requirements at high spinning speeds. In addition, the spinning speed of 260m/s led to the break-down of the optical fibers, and the spinning speed of 250m/s tested finally led to a deceleration near the end of the broken fibers. It is obvious that this kit can meet the requirement to obtain the periodic signals of the varying forces for each layer and each turn of optical fiber cables. Moreover, we found that the pay-off fiber cable is safe with the unwinding speed of 250m/s and the break-down of optical cables happens during the deceleration process. However, it is under the unwinding speed of 260m/s that pay-off fiber cables broke during the experiment. The abnormal breakdown signals are captured at these unwinding speeds, respectively.

APA-style human milk fat analogue from silkworm pupae oil: Enzymatic production and improving storage stability using alkyl caffeates.

PubMed

Liu, Xi; Wang, Xudong; Pang, Na; Zhu, Weijie; Zhao, Xingyu; Wang, Fangqin; Wu, Fuan; Wang, Jun

2015-12-08

Silkworm pupae oil derived from reeling waste is a rich source of α-linolenic acid (ALA), which has multipal applications. ALAs were added in sn-1, 3 positions in a triacylglycerol (TAG) to produce an APA-human milk fat analogues (APA-HMFAs, A: α-linolenic acid, P: palmitic acid). The optimum condition is that tripalmitin to free fatty acids of 1:12 (mole ratio) at 65 °C for 48 h using lipase Lipozyme RM IM. Results show that, the major TAG species that comprised APA-HMFAs were rich in ALA and palmitic acid, which contained 64.52% total unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) and 97.05% PA at the sn-2 position. The melting point of APA was -27.5 °C which is much lower than tripalmitin (40.5 °C) indicating more plastic character. In addition, the practical application of alkyl caffeates as liposoluble antioxidants in APA was developed. Alkyl caffeate showed a superior IC50 (1.25-1.66 μg/mL) compared to butyl hydroxy anisd (1.67 μg/mL) and L-ascorbic acid-6-palmitate (L-AP) (1.87 μg/mL) in DPPH analysis. The addition of ethyl caffeate to oil achieved a higher UFAs content (73.58%) at high temperatures. Overall, APA was obtained from silkworm pupae oil successfully, and the addition of caffeates extended storage ranges for APA-HMFAs.

APA-style human milk fat analogue from silkworm pupae oil: Enzymatic production and improving storage stability using alkyl caffeates

PubMed Central

Liu, Xi; Wang, Xudong; Pang, Na; Zhu, Weijie; Zhao, Xingyu; Wang, Fangqin; Wu, Fuan; Wang, Jun

2015-01-01

Silkworm pupae oil derived from reeling waste is a rich source of α-linolenic acid (ALA), which has multipal applications. ALAs were added in sn-1, 3 positions in a triacylglycerol (TAG) to produce an APA-human milk fat analogues (APA-HMFAs, A: α-linolenic acid, P: palmitic acid). The optimum condition is that tripalmitin to free fatty acids of 1:12 (mole ratio) at 65 °C for 48 h using lipase Lipozyme RM IM. Results show that, the major TAG species that comprised APA-HMFAs were rich in ALA and palmitic acid, which contained 64.52% total unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) and 97.05% PA at the sn-2 position. The melting point of APA was −27.5 °C which is much lower than tripalmitin (40.5 °C) indicating more plastic character. In addition, the practical application of alkyl caffeates as liposoluble antioxidants in APA was developed. Alkyl caffeate showed a superior IC50 (1.25–1.66 μg/mL) compared to butyl hydroxy anisd (1.67 μg/mL) and L-ascorbic acid-6-palmitate (L-AP) (1.87 μg/mL) in DPPH analysis. The addition of ethyl caffeate to oil achieved a higher UFAs content (73.58%) at high temperatures. Overall, APA was obtained from silkworm pupae oil successfully, and the addition of caffeates extended storage ranges for APA-HMFAs. PMID:26643045

Real-Time Physiological and Psycho-Physiological Status Monitoring (Suivi en Temps reel de l’Etat Physiologique et Psycho-Physiologique)

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-07-01

des Maquis du Grésivaudan 38702 La Tronche Cedex Phone: +33 4 7663 6975 Fax: +33 4 7663 6945 email: lionelbourdon@crssa.net VC...imassa.fr ICT Chantal JIMENEZ CRSSA/Unité de l’Exercice Physique & Hydromineral 24, av. des Maquis du Grésivaudan BP 87 38702 La Tronche Cedex...d’un état physiologique associé à une mesure de fiabilité des données, etc. Le chapitre du Dr. Gunga énumère les méthodologies d’évaluation des

Classification Management. Journal. Volume X - 1974. Papers from the National Seminar (10th), 16-17-18 July 1974

DTIC Science & Technology

1974-01-01

bigi share oft the credit coming to film , because converted yet,* but it’s being atdopted and pot we senit him raw people ovter there. Hvi’ sat them...belongs in DDC we’d like you to confirm i,: in writing to us. When DDC receives documents, those documents are microfiched. That is, we put them on film ...you have a long reel of film and perhaps only of classified material in the hands of industry. certain things within that were declassified or It says

The Development of Performance-Based Auditory Aviation Classification Standards in the U.S. Navy,

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-12-01

Gerontology, Vol. 24(2), pp. 189-192, 1969. 10. Palva, A. and Jokinen, K., ’The Role of the Binaural Test in Filtered Speech Audiometry." Acta Oto...BEAD BEAT BEAN REEL HEEL EEL PAVE PALE PAY WIG RIG FIG GALE MALE TALE PAGE PANE PACE PIG BIG DIG PALE SALE BALE DID DIN DIP SAP SAG SAD SIN WIN...SEEN SEED SEEK CAME GAME SAME NEAT BEAT SEAT SEEM SEETHE SEEP PAD PASS PATH PARK MARK HARK SIP RIP TIP PACK PAN PAT DARK LARK BARK LIP HIP DIP LED

Ultra High Definition Video from the International Space Station (Reel 1)

NASA Image and Video Library

2015-06-15

The view of life in space is getting a major boost with the introduction of 4K Ultra High-Definition (UHD) video, providing an unprecedented look at what it's like to live and work aboard the International Space Station. This important new capability will allow researchers to acquire high resolution - high frame rate video to provide new insight into the vast array of experiments taking place every day. It will also bestow the most breathtaking views of planet Earth and space station activities ever acquired for consumption by those still dreaming of making the trip to outer space.

Murdered physicist leaves Iran reeling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dacey, James

2010-02-01

The murder of the Iranian physicist Masoud Alimohammadi last month has left the country's academic community in a state of shock. Alimohammadi, a 50-year-old physics professor at the University of Tehran, was killed on 12 January by a remote-controlled bomb attached to the side of a motorcycle outside his home. The bomb was detonated as he left for work, but the reason for the murder remained unclear as Physics World went to press. Reports by the Iranian state media blamed the US and Israel for the attack - a claim that the US later described as "absurd".

Reel forensic experts: Forensic psychiatrists as portrayed on screen.

PubMed

Friedman, Susan Hatters; Cerny, Cathleen A; Soliman, Sherif; West, Sara G

2011-01-01

The lay public is much more likely to have encountered a forensic psychiatrist on television or in the movies than to have encountered a real one. Thus, by way of popular culture, the jury's perceptions and expectations of forensic expert witnesses may have been formed long before they take the stand. We describe a typology of five categories of forensic experts portrayed in fiction: Dr. Evil, The Professor, The Hired Gun, The Activist, and the Jack of All Trades. As art imitates life, these categories (aside from Dr. Evil) mirror real-life criticisms that have been made about forensic experts.

Understanding the Mechanical Properties and Structure Transition of Antheraea pernyi Silk Fiber Induced by Its Contraction.

PubMed

Wang, Yu; Wen, Jianchuan; Peng, Bo; Hu, Bingwen; Chen, Xin; Shao, Zhengzhong

2018-02-23

Like most major ampullate silks of spider, the length of Antheraea pernyi silkworm silk can shrink to a certain degree when the fiber is in contact with water. However, what happens in terms of molecule chain level and how it correlates to the mechanical properties of the silk during its contraction is not yet fully understood. Here, we investigate the water-induced mechanical property changes as well as the structure transition of two kinds of A. pernyi silk fiber, which are forcibly reeled from two different individuals (silkworm a and silkworm b; the silk fiber from either one represents the lower and upper limit of the distribution of mechanical properties, respectively). The tensile test results present that most of the mechanical parameters except the post-yield modulus and breaking strain for both silk fibers have the same variation trend before and after their water contraction. Synchrotron FTIR and Raman spectra show that the native filament from silkworm a contains more α-helix structures than that in silkworm b filament, and these α-helices are partially converted to β-sheet structures after the contraction of the fibers, while the order of both β-sheet and α-helix slightly increase. On the other side, the content and orientation of both secondary structural components in silkworm b fiber keep unchanged, no matter if it is native or contracted. 13 C CP/MAS NMR results further indicate that the α-helix/random coil to β-sheet conformational transition that occurred in the silk of silkworm a corresponds the Ala residues. Based upon these results, the detailed structure transition models of both as-reeled A. pernyi silk fibers during water contraction are proposed finally to interpret their properties transformation.

Biomechanical comparison of traditional anchors to all-suture anchors in a double-row rotator cuff repair cadaver model.

PubMed

Goschka, Andrew M; Hafer, Jason S; Reynolds, Kirk A; Aberle, Nicholas S; Baldini, Todd H; Hawkins, Monica J; McCarty, Eric C

2015-10-01

To further reduce the invasiveness of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair surgery the all-suture anchor has been developed. The all-suture anchor requires less bone removal and reduces the potential of loose body complications. The all-suture anchor must also have adequate biomechanical strength for the repair to heal. The hypothesis is there is no significant difference in the biomechanical performance of supraspinatus repairs using an all-suture anchor when compared to traditional solid-body suture anchors. Using nine shoulders per group, the supraspinatus tendon was dissected from the greater tuberosity. The four different double row repairs tested were (medial row/lateral row): A: ICONIX2/ICONIX2; B: ICONIX2/Stryker ReelX 3.9mm; C: ICONIX2/Stryker ReelX 4.5mm; D: Arthrex BioComposite CorkScrew FT 4.5mm/Arthrex BioComposite SwiveLock 4.75mm. The ICONIX2 was the only all-suture anchor tested. Tendons underwent cyclic loading from 10 to 100N for 500 cycles, followed by load-to-failure. Data was collected at cycles 5, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500. One-way ANOVA analysis was used to assess significance (P≤0.05). The anchor combinations tested did not differ significantly in anterior (P>0.4) or posterior (P>0.3) gap formation, construct stiffness (P>0.7), ultimate load (P=0.06), or load to 5mm gap formation (P=0.84). The all-suture anchor demonstrated comparable biomechanical performance in multiple double-row anchor combinations to a combination of traditional solid-body anchors. Thus it may be an attractive option to further reduce the invasiveness of rotator cuff repairs. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Lace Up for Healthy Feet: The Impact of Shoe Closure on Plantar Stress Response.

PubMed

Rahemi, Hadi; Armstrong, David G; Enriquez, Ana; Owl, Joshua; Talal, Talal K; Najafi, Bijan

2017-07-01

This study examined the impact of shoe closure on plantar thermal stress response (TSR), which is known to be a surrogate of shear stress and skin perfusion. It is aimed to explore potential impact of shoe closure on increasing risk factors associated with plantar ulcers in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Fifteen eligible subjects were enrolled. The left foot was used as a reference and fitted to a self-adjusted and habitual lace-tightening method by each subject. The right foot was used as a test closure and fitted into three lace closure conditions: loose, tight, and preset optimal closure (reel clutch, BOA technology). Thermal images were taken after 5 minutes of acclimatization (pre-trial) and immediately after 200 walking steps in each shoe closure condition (post-trial). TSR was calculated from the thermal images. TSR was significantly higher in the test closure with loose (70.24%, P = .000) and tight (66.85%, P = .007) and lower (-206.53%, P = .000) in the preset optimal closure when compared to the reference closure. Only lace closure conditions affected TSR with no significant impact from age, BMI, and gender in our sample in a multivariable regression model. The results from this study suggest that shoelace closure technique can have a profound effect on TSR. It therefore stands to reason that optimal lace closure may have an impact in reducing risk of plantar ulcers in people with DPN. Interestingly, results revealed that even a self-adjusted lace closure may not be necessarily optimal and a preset closure setting like reel clutch might ultimately be recommended to minimize risk. Further study is warranted to confirm or refute these interesting results.

Low eddy loss axial hybrid magnetic bearing with gimballing control ability for momentum flywheel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tang, Jiqiang; Sun, Jinji; Fang, Jiancheng; Shuzhi Sam, Ge

2013-03-01

For a magnetically suspended momentum flywheel (MSMF), the spinning rotor can be tilted by a pair of the presented axial hybrid magnetic bearing (AHMB) with eight poles and rotates around the radial axes to generate a large torque to maneuver the spacecraft. To improve the control performance and gimballing control ability of the AHMB, characteristics such as magnetic suspension force, angular stiffness and tilting momentum are researched. These segmented stator poles cause the magnetic density in the thrust rotor plate to be uneven unavoidably and the rotational loss is large at high speed, but we optimized the stator poles configuration and caused the thrust rotor plate formed by bulk DT4C and laminated material to make the magnetic density in the thrust rotor plate change less and be smoother. Laminated material such as 1J50 film with a thickness of 0.1 mm can make the variation of the magnetic density in DT4C become very small and the eddy loss of it be negligible, but the stress produced in the “O” shape stacks by reeling has a bad effect on its power loss. Nanocrystalline can reduce eddy losses and is not affected by the reeling process. Based on the AHBM consisting of the stator with eight improved poles and the presented thrust rotor plate with DT4 and nanocrystalline, the rotational loss of 5-DOF magnetically suspended momentum flywheel with angular momentum of 15 N m s at 5000 rpm has reduced from 23.4 W to 3.2 W, which proved that this AHMB has low eddy loss for the gimballing control ability.

Failure of the Trailing Umbilical System Disconnect Actuator on the International Space Station

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gilmore, Adam; Schmitt, Chris; Merritt, Laura; Bolton, V. J.

2008-01-01

In December of 2005, one of two trailing umbilical cables used on the International Space Station (ISS) Mobile Transporter (MT) was inadvertently severed by an internal cutter system designed to free a snagged cable or jammed reel while transporting hazardous payloads. The mechanism s intended means of actuation is electrical; however, troubleshooting revealed a mechanical actuation occurred. The investigation of the failed component revealed several lessons learned in developing hardware requirements, understanding and following the rationale behind the requirements throughout the design life cycle, understanding the impacts of gaps and tolerances in a mechanism, and the importance of identifying critical steps during assembly.

Failure of the Trailing Umbilical System Disconnect Actuator on the International Space Station

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gilmore, Adam; Schmitt, Chris; Merritt, Laura; Bolton, V. J.

2008-01-01

In December of 2005, one of two trailing umbilical cables used on the International Space Station (ISS) Mobile Transporter (MT) was inadvertently severed by an internal cutter system designed to free a snagged cable or jammed reel while transporting hazardous payloads. The mechanism s intended means of actuation is electrical; however, troubleshooting revealed a mechanical actuation occurred. The investigation of the failed component revealed several lessons learned in developing hardware requirements, understanding and following the rationale behind the requirements throughout the design life cycle, understanding the impacts of gaps and tolerances in a mechanism, and the importance of identifying critical steps during assembly

Airbags and Sojourner Rover

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-07-05

This image from the Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) camera shows the rear part of the Sojourner rover, the rolled-up rear ramp, and portions of the partially deflated airbags. The Alpha Proton X-ray Spectrometer instrument is protruding from the rear (right side) of the rover. The airbags behind the rover are presently blocking the ramp from being safely unfurled. The ramps are a pair of deployable metal reels that will provide a track for the rover as it slowly rolls off the lander, and onto the surface of Mars, once Pathfinder scientists determine it is safe to do so. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00614

Return to Flight Crew Activities Resource Reel JSC 1988 2 of 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

The crew of the STS-114 Discovery continues to answer questions from the news media about the upcoming mission. Commander Collins thanks NASA for enabling the astronauts to express their thoughts and feelings about procedures during spaceflight and she is also very happy to work for NASA. Pilot James Kelly talks about the pictures that they are now able to take of the external tank. Mission Specialists Wendy Lawrence and Steve Robinson discuss the items that they will be bringing up to the International Space Station. Robinson also talks about mementos of the Space Shuttle Columbia crew that they will be taking to the International Space Station.

MS Peterson and MS Musgrave in payload bay (PLB) during EVA

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1983-01-01

Extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) suited Mission Specialist (MS) Peterson, designated EV2, translates from forward payload bay (PLB) to aft bulkhead worksite along port side sill longeron using tether and slidewire system while MS Musgrave, designated EV1, floats on a tether in center of PLB. Inertial Upper Stage (IUS) Airborne Support Equipment (ASE) forward frame and aft frame tilt actuator (AFTA) table appear in front and behind Musgrave and vertical tail and Orbital Maneuvering System (OMS) pods appear in background highlighted against the cloudy surface of Earth. EMU mini workstation extravehicular activity (EVA) crewmember safety tether reel floats on Musgrave's waist tether.

On the Effectiveness of Military Institutions: Historical Case Studies from World War I, The Interwar Period, and World War II. Volume 3. World War II

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-04-01

ting the claims of U the tortured economy against those et the reeling military organization. I I I_ I I I I I I U I U 21. i II. S.rateqic...1 25. Henry I. Shaw, et . 41., History of u. S. Marine operaCions in World I war r (5 vols., Washington, DC, 1958-2971); Jeter A. Zsley and Philip A...Combat Troops, Bruce Jacobs, Soldiers (New 3 York, 1958), pp. 169-560; Stouffer, et al., The American Soldier: Combat and Its Afternath (New York, 1965

Quality Control Studies of Wavelength Shifting Fibers for a Scintillator-Based Tail Catcher Muon Tracker for Linear Collider Prototype Detector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dyshkant, A.; Beznosko, D.; Blazey, G.; Fisk, E.; Hahn, E.; Rykalin, V.; Wayne, M.; Zutshi, V.

2006-12-01

Detailed measurements of the wavelength shifting fiber response to a stable and reliable light source are presented. Particulars about materials, a double reference method, and measurement technique are included. The fibers studied were several hundred Kuraray, Y-11, multiclad, 1.2-mm outer diameter wavelength shifting fibers, each cut from a reel to about one meter length. The fibers were polished, mirrored, and the mirrors were UV epoxy protected. Each fiber passed quality control requirements before installation. About 94% of the fibers tested have a response within 1% of the overall mean

EPO Program and Product Evaluation Throughout the Development Lifecycle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kaiser, C.; Butcher, G. J.

2013-12-01

Evaluation of successful education and public outreach (EPO) programs and products is becoming increasingly important for the continued development of such efforts. This presentation will detail the tools and techniques used to evaluate two EPO efforts- 1) NASA's REEL Science Communications Contest and Video Production Workshop, and 2) the 'Sensors, Circuits, and Satellites' product. A primary challenge with evaluating any EPO product geared towards children and students is the limitation on collecting information from minors. With regards to the REEL Science Contest, over 120 students participated in producing and entering 48 contest entries but because of the Office of Budget and Management (OBM) regulations that restrict collecting feedback from more than nine individuals, we were only able to collect evaluation data from a small subset of this group. The five winning students who participated in the final workshop took part in the evaluation. The benefit of a small group size is that it allowed for more in-depth one-on-one interviews with each student. The feedback collected from this evaluation offered valuable insight into what worked well along with areas of improvement for futures contests and workshops. The REEL Science video contest had another evaluation opportunity since NASA scientists, communications experts, and producers also participated in the program and worked directly with the students. A survey was administered for this audience in an effort to gauge the perceived value and success of the program from the perspective of the originating institution. We found that if a program is well received, the program is more likely to receive future support. Additionally, this component of the program evaluation provided useful feedback and lessons learned to help optimize the role of the internal audience for similar programs in the future. Implementing formative evaluation is key to developing a successful EPO product development. Collecting data at key stages during development allows for modifications and improvements to the product before time and money have been wasted going down the wrong path. Depending on the product and the stage of development, there are several evaluation tools to employ: surveys, observations, expert analysis, heuristic evaluations, feedback forms, diary studies, use case testing and interviews. In the case of developing the 'Sensors, Circuits, and Satellites' product, surveys were collected from teachers and students who participated in the lesson or activity. Audio recordings were also made of the teachers as they completed each activity to collect direct quotes, questions, concerns, and feedback. Facilitators completed feedback forms to capture quotes and observations of the students working through the activities and engaging with the product. All of these data provided valuable insight into the participants' experiences and effectiveness of the product. A complement of tools and techniques is the best approach to evaluating EPO products and programs. These will vary based on application, but can easily be implemented at key points in the development lifecycle to produce feedback and data used to assess and meet EPO goals and objectives.

Post-flight BET products for the 2nd discovery entry, STS-19 (51-A)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kelly, G. M.; Mcconnell, J. G.; Heck, M. L.; Troutman, P. A.; Waters, L. A.; Findlay, J. T.

1985-01-01

The post-flight products for the second Discovery flight, STS-19 (51-A), are summarized. The inertial best estimate trajectory (BET), BT19D19/UN=169750N, was developed using spacecraft dynamic measurements from Inertial Measurement Unit 2 (IMU2) in conjunction with the best tracking coverage available for any of the earlier Shuttle entries. As a consequence of the latter, an anchor epoch was selected which conforms to an initial altitude of greater than a million feet. The Extended BET, ST19BET/UN=274885C, incorporated the previously mentioned inertial reconstructed state information and the Langley Atmospheric Information Retrieval System (LAIRS) atmosphere, ST19MET/UN=712662N, with some minor exceptions. Primary and back-up AEROBET reels are NK0165 and NK0201, respectively. This product was only developed over the lowermost 360 kft altitude range due to atmosphere problems but this relates to altitudes well above meaningful signal in the IMUs. Summary results generated from the AEROBET for this flight are presented with meaningful configuration and statistical comparisons from the previous thirteen flights. Modified maximum likelihood estimation (MMLE) files were generated based on IMU2 and the Rate Gyro Assembly/Accelerometer Assembly (RGA/AA), respectively. Appendices attached define spacecraft and physical constants utilized, show plots of the final tracking data residuals from the post-flight fit, list relevant parameters from the BET at a two second spacing, and retain for archival purpose all relevant input and output tapes and files generated.

Space experiments on basic technologies for a space elevator using microsatellites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yamagiwa, Yoshiki; Nohmi, Masahiro; Aoki, Yoshio; Momonoi, Yu; Nanba, Hirotaka; Aiga, Masanori; Kumao, Takeru; Watahiki, Masahito

2017-09-01

We attempt to verify two basic technologies required for a space elevator using microsatellites; the tether (cable) deployment technology and the climber operation along the tether in space. Tether deployment is performed by a CubeSat called STARS-C (Space Tethered Autonomous Robotic Satellite - Cube) which will be released from the Japanese experimental module Kibo on ISS early in 2017. STARS-C consists of a mother satellite (MS) and daughter satellite (DS) connected by a 100-m tether. Its mission is focused on the tether deployment for studying the tether dynamics during the deployment with the goal of improving the smoothness of such deployment in future tether missions including space elevator. The MS and DS have common subsystems, including power, communication, and command and data handling systems. They also have a tether unit with spool and reel mechanisms as a mission system. In addition, we have been designing the next-step microsatellite called STARS-E (Space Tethered Autonomous Robotic Satellite - Elevator) under a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research. STARS-E is a 500-mm size satellite intended to verify the climber operation in space. It consists of a MS and DS jointed by a 2-km tether, and a climber that moves along the tether. STARS-C was launched on December 9 in 2016 and will be performed its mission early in 2017. STARS-E is in the BBM phase, and some designs are currently being fixed.

KSC-06pd0840

NASA Image and Video Library

2006-05-17

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- The payload canister passes NASA's Vehicle Assembly Building and Launch Control Center on its way to Launch Pad 39B. Inside are the payloads for mission STS-121: the multi-purpose logistics module Leonardo, with supplies and equipment for the International Space Station; the lightweight multi-purpose experiment support structure carrier; and the integrated cargo carrier, with the mobile transporter reel assembly and a spare pump module. The payload will be transferred from the canister to Space Shuttle Discovery's payload bay at the pad. Discovery is scheduled to launch on mission STS-121 from Launch Pad 39B in a window that opens July 1 and extends to July 19. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

KSC-06pd0845

NASA Image and Video Library

2006-05-17

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- The payload canister passes NASA's Vehicle Assembly Building and Launch Control Center on its way to Launch Pad 39B. Inside are the payloads for mission STS-121: the multi-purpose logistics module Leonardo, with supplies and equipment for the International Space Station; the lightweight multi-purpose experiment support structure carrier; and the integrated cargo carrier, with the mobile transporter reel assembly and a spare pump module. The payload will be transferred from the canister to Space Shuttle Discovery's payload bay at the pad. Discovery is scheduled to launch on mission STS-121 from Launch Pad 39B in a window that opens July 1 and extends to July 19. Photo credit: NASA/Troy Cryder

KSC-06pd0841

NASA Image and Video Library

2006-05-17

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- The payload canister passes NASA's Vehicle Assembly Building and Launch Control Center on its way to Launch Pad 39B. Inside are the payloads for mission STS-121: the multi-purpose logistics module Leonardo, with supplies and equipment for the International Space Station; the lightweight multi-purpose experiment support structure carrier; and the integrated cargo carrier, with the mobile transporter reel assembly and a spare pump module. The payload will be transferred from the canister to Space Shuttle Discovery's payload bay at the pad. Discovery is scheduled to launch on mission STS-121 from Launch Pad 39B in a window that opens July 1 and extends to July 19. Photo credit: NASA/George Shelton

High data volume and transfer rate techniques used at NASA's image processing facility

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Heffner, P.; Connell, E.; Mccaleb, F.

1978-01-01

Data storage and transfer operations at a new image processing facility are described. The equipment includes high density digital magnetic tape drives and specially designed controllers to provide an interface between the tape drives and computerized image processing systems. The controller performs the functions necessary to convert the continuous serial data stream from the tape drive to a word-parallel blocked data stream which then goes to the computer-based system. With regard to the tape packing density, 1.8 times 10 to the tenth data bits are stored on a reel of one-inch tape. System components and their operation are surveyed, and studies on advanced storage techniques are summarized.

Sporting Good Lubricants

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1997-01-01

Sun Coast Chemicals was originally contracted by Lockheed Martin Space Operations to formulate a spray lubricant free of environmental drawbacks for the Mobile Launch Platform used to haul the Space Shuttle from the Kennedy Space Center Vehicle Assembly Building to a launch pad. From this work, Sun Coast introduced Train Track Lubricant, Penetrating Spray Lube, and Biodegradable Hydraulic Fluid. Based on the original lubricant work, two more products have also been introduced. First, the X-1R Super Gun Cleaner and Lubricant protects guns from rust and corrosion caused by environmental conditions. Second, the X-1R Tackle Pack, endorsed by both fresh and saltwater guides and certain reel manufacturers, penetrates, cleans, reduces friction, lubricates, and provides extra protection against rust and corrosion.

Changes in the Distribution of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus) in the Gulf of Maine 1979-2005

PubMed Central

Golet, Walter J.; Galuardi, Benjamin; Cooper, Andrew B.; Lutcavage, Molly E.

2013-01-01

The Gulf of Maine, NW Atlantic Ocean, is a productive, seasonal foraging ground for Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus), but commercial landings of adult size classes were up to 40% below the allocated total allowable catch between 2004 to 2008 for the rod and reel, harpoon, and purse seine categories in the Gulf of Maine. Reduction in Atlantic bluefin tuna catches in the Gulf of Maine could represent a decline in spawning stock biomass, but given wide-ranging, complex migration patterns, and high energetic requirements, an alternative hypothesis is that their dispersal patterns shifted to regions with higher prey abundance or profitability, reducing availability to U.S. fishing fleets. This study fit generalized linear models to Atlantic bluefin tuna landings data collected from fishermen’s logbooks (1979-2005) as well as the distances between bluefin tuna schools and Atlantic herring ( Clupea harengus ), a primary prey species, to test alternative hypotheses for observed shifts in Atlantic bluefin tuna availability in the Gulf of Maine. For the bluefin model, landings varied by day of year, latitude and longitude. The effect of latitude differed by day of year and the effect of longitude differed by year. The distances between Atlantic bluefin tuna schools and Atlantic herring schools were significantly smaller (p<0.05) than would be expected from a randomly distributed population. A time series of average bluefin tuna school positions was positively correlated with the average number of herring captured per tow on Georges Bank in spring and autumn surveys respectively (p<0.01, r2=0.24, p<0.01, r2=0.42). Fishermen’s logbooks contributed novel spatial and temporal information towards testing these hypotheses for the bluefin tuna fishery. PMID:24069420

Shifts in reinforcement signalling while playing slot-machines as a function of prior experience and impulsivity

PubMed Central

Shao, R; Read, J; Behrens, T E J; Rogers, R D

2013-01-01

Electronic gaming machines (EGMs) offer significant revenue streams for mercantile gambling. However, limited clinical and experimental evidence suggests that EGMs are associated with heightened risks of clinically problematic patterns of play. Little is known about the neural structures that might mediate the transition from exploratory EGM play to the ‘addictive' play seen in problem gamblers; neither is it known how personality traits associated with gambling activity (and gambling problems) influence reinforcement processing while playing EGMs. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging in healthy participants, we show that a single episode of slot-machine play is subsequently associated with reduced amplitudes of blood-oxygenation-level-dependent signals within reinforcement-related structures, such as the ventral striatum and caudate nucleus, following winning game outcomes; but increased amplitudes of anticipatory signals within the ventral striatum and amygdala while watching the game reels spin. Trait impulsivity enhanced positive signals within the ventral striatum and amygdala following the delivery of winning outcomes but diminished positive signals following the experience of almost-winning ('near-misses'). These results indicate that a single episode of slot-machine play engages the well-characterised reinforcement-learning mechanisms mediated by ascending dopamine mesolimbic and mesostriatal pathways, to shift reward value of EGMs away from game outcomes towards anticipatory states. Impulsivity, itself linked to problem gambling and heightened vulnerability to other addictive disorders, is associated with divergent coding of winning outcomes and almost-winning experiences within the ventral striatum and amygdala, potentially enhancing the reward value of successful slot-machine game outcomes but, at the same time, modulating the aversive motivational consequences of near-miss outcomes. PMID:23321810

Changes in the distribution of atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) in the Gulf of Maine 1979-2005.

PubMed

Golet, Walter J; Galuardi, Benjamin; Cooper, Andrew B; Lutcavage, Molly E

2013-01-01

The Gulf of Maine, NW Atlantic Ocean, is a productive, seasonal foraging ground for Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus), but commercial landings of adult size classes were up to 40% below the allocated total allowable catch between 2004 to 2008 for the rod and reel, harpoon, and purse seine categories in the Gulf of Maine. Reduction in Atlantic bluefin tuna catches in the Gulf of Maine could represent a decline in spawning stock biomass, but given wide-ranging, complex migration patterns, and high energetic requirements, an alternative hypothesis is that their dispersal patterns shifted to regions with higher prey abundance or profitability, reducing availability to U.S. fishing fleets. This study fit generalized linear models to Atlantic bluefin tuna landings data collected from fishermen's logbooks (1979-2005) as well as the distances between bluefin tuna schools and Atlantic herring (Clupeaharengus), a primary prey species, to test alternative hypotheses for observed shifts in Atlantic bluefin tuna availability in the Gulf of Maine. For the bluefin model, landings varied by day of year, latitude and longitude. The effect of latitude differed by day of year and the effect of longitude differed by year. The distances between Atlantic bluefin tuna schools and Atlantic herring schools were significantly smaller (p<0.05) than would be expected from a randomly distributed population. A time series of average bluefin tuna school positions was positively correlated with the average number of herring captured per tow on Georges Bank in spring and autumn surveys respectively (p<0.01, r(2)=0.24, p<0.01, r(2)=0.42). Fishermen's logbooks contributed novel spatial and temporal information towards testing these hypotheses for the bluefin tuna fishery.

77 FR 62247 - Dynamic Positioning Operations Guidance for Vessels Other Than Mobile Offshore Drilling Units...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-12

... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard [Docket No. USCG-2011-1106] Dynamic Positioning... ``Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit Dynamic Positioning Guidance''. The notice recommended owners and operators of Mobile Offshore Drilling Units (MODUs) follow Marine Technology Society (MTS) Dynamic Positioning...

KSC-06pd0924

NASA Image and Video Library

2006-05-23

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- From inside the payload changeout room on the rotating service structure on Launch Pad 39B, the multi-purpose logistics module Leonardo is being moved into Space Shuttle Discovery's payload bay. The payload ground-handling mechanism (PGHM) is used to transfer the module into the payload bay. Leonardo is a reusable logistics carrier. It is the primary delivery system used to resupply and return station cargo requiring a pressurized environment. Leonardo is part of the payload on mission STS-121. Other payloads include the integrated cargo carrier with the mobile transporter reel assembly and a spare pump module, and the lightweight multi-purpose experiment support structure carrier. Discovery is scheduled to launch in a window extending from July 1 through July 19. Photo credit: NASA/Jack Pfaller

KSC-06pd0927

NASA Image and Video Library

2006-05-23

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- From inside the payload changeout room on the rotating service structure on Launch Pad 39B, the multi-purpose logistics module Leonardo is lowered into Space Shuttle Discovery's payload bay. The payload ground-handling mechanism (PGHM) is used to transfer the module into the payload bay. Leonardo is a reusable logistics carrier. It is the primary delivery system used to resupply and return station cargo requiring a pressurized environment. Leonardo is part of the payload on mission STS-121. Other payloads include the integrated cargo carrier with the mobile transporter reel assembly and a spare pump module, and the lightweight multi-purpose experiment support structure carrier. Discovery is scheduled to launch in a window extending from July 1 through July 19. Photo credit: NASA/Jack Pfaller

Electronically controlled cable wrapper

DOEpatents

Young, Thomas M.

1984-01-01

A spindle assembly engages and moves along a length of cable to be wrapped with insulating tape. Reels of insulating tape are mounted on a outer rotatable spindle which revolves around the cable to dispense insulating tape. The rate of movement of the spindle assembly along the length of the cable is controlled by a stepper motor which is programmably synchronized to the rate at which rotatable spindle wraps the cable. The stepper motor drives a roller which engages the cable and moves the spindle assembly along the length of the cable as it is being wrapped. The spindle assembly is mounted at the end of an articulated arm which allows free movement of the spindle assembly and allows the spindle assembly to follow lateral movement of the cable.

Review of fire test methods and incident data for portable electric cables in underground coal mines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Braun, E.

1981-06-01

Electrically powered underground coal mining machinery is connected to a load center or distribution box by electric cables. The connecting cables used on mobile machines are required to meet fire performance requirements defined in the Code of Federal Regulations. This report reviews Mine Safety and Health Administration's (MSHA) current test method and compares it to British practices. Incident data for fires caused by trailing cable failures and splice failures were also reviewed. It was found that the MSHA test method is more severe than the British but that neither evaluated grouped cable fire performance. The incident data indicated that the grouped configuration of cables on a reel accounted for a majority of the fires since 1970.

Electronically controlled cable wrapper

DOEpatents

Young, T.M.

1982-08-17

A spindle assembly engages and moves along a length of cable to be wrapped with insulating tape. Reels of insulating tape are mounted on a outer rotatable spindle which revolves around the cable to dispense insulating tape. The rate of movement of the spindle assembly along the length of the cable is controlled by a stepper motor which is programmably synchronized to the rate at which rotatable spindle wraps the cable. The stepper motor drives a roller which engages the cable and moves the spindle assembly along the length of the cable as it is being wrapped. The spindle assembly is mounted at the end of an articulated arm which allows free movement of the spindle assembly and allows the spindle assembly to follow lateral movement of the cable.

Controlled tether extends satellite's orbital range

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wigotsky, V.

1984-06-01

A low orbit satellite tethered to the Space Shuttle Orbiter's cargo bay would be able to conduct upper atmosphere experiments without fear of orbit deterioration. NASA has in light of this initiated a Tethered Satellite System program aimed at the 1987 deployment of a 1,100-lb, 5 ft-diameter satellite to a distance of 6-12 miles from the Space Shuttle on a Kevlar tether. The distance of the fully developed system will be 62 miles, representing an altitude of 80 miles above the earth. Tether diameters under consideration are in the 0.065-0.1 inch range. The satellite control system will consist of a reel drive, a deployment boom, and a boom-mounted tether control, in order to vary tether tension during gravity gradient changes.

Orbital Winch for High-Strength, Space-Survivable Tethers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hoyt, Robert; Barnes, Ian; Slostad, Jeffrey; Frank, Scott

2010-01-01

An Orbital Winch mechanism enables high-load, multi-line tethers to be deployed and retracted without rotating the spool on which the tether is wound. To minimize damage to the tether and the wound package during retraction or deployment under load, it can incorporate a Tension Management Module that reduces the infeed tension by a factor of 15 through the use of a powered capstan with guide rollers. This design eliminates the need for rotating high-voltage electrical connections in tether systems that use propellantless electro-dynamic propulsion. It can also eliminate the need for rotating optical connections in applications where the tether contains optical fibers. This winch design was developed to deploy a 15-km-long, 15-kg high-strength Hoytether structure incorporating conductive wires as part of the MXER-1 demonstration mission concept. Two slewing rings that orbit around the tether spool, combined with translation of one of the slewing rings back and forth along the spool axis to traverse the wind point, enables the winch to wind the tether. Variations of the traverse motion of the slewing ring can accomplish level winds and conical pirn winds. By removing the non-traversing slewing ring, and adding an actuated guide arm, the winch can manage rapid, low-drag deployment of a tether off the end of a pirn-wound spool, followed by controlled retraction and rewinding, in a manner very similar to a spin-casting reel. The winch requires at least two motor driver controller units to coordinate the action of two stepper motors to accomplish tether deployment or retraction.

77 FR 26562 - Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit Dynamic Positioning Guidance

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-04

... regarding a draft policy letter on Dynamic Positioning (DP) Systems, Emergency Disconnect Systems, Blowout... Coast Guard, NOSAC issued the report ``Recommendations for Dynamic Positioning System Design and... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard [USCG-2011-1106] Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit Dynamic...

WHO still reeling from racism charges.

PubMed

1995-06-01

The World Health Organization (WHO) is not as prestigious as it used to be. It operates on a relatively small annual budget of $1.8 billion, the WHO 1995 audit suggested irregularities in the way contracts were awarded and criticized a lack of control over funds at the WHO's African headquarters in the Congo, and its director, Hiroshi Nakajima, has been accused of being a racist against Africans. Nakajima complained during a January 1995 WHO board meeting that some African members had poor English skills. Delegates from several African nations to the annual World Health Assembly, which began in Geneva on May 1, subsequently raised the issue and called for the Japanese director to resign. The release of the recent WHO health report, "Bridging the Gaps," was an attempt by the organization to regain some its international respect, but little new was reported. Basic messages were that poverty is the most important cause of ill health, 60% of all new HIV infections occur among people aged 15-24 in many countries, 50% of people with HIV globally are younger than 25 years old, 60% of infections in women occur by age 20, and life expectancy is increasing in all countries except Cote d'Ivoire, Central African Republic, Congo, Uganda, and Zambia, all countries hard-hit by HIV/AIDS. For now, Nakajima has retained his position, although British and US donors stress that they will keep closer watch over the organization and that reforms must be made.

Space construction engineering - A new career field

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hagler, T.

1979-01-01

Opportunities for engineers in the design and construction of future large space structures are outlined. Possible space structures for the 1980's include a large mirror to reflect sunlight to earth for night lighting, an antenna for a personal communications system, a deep space communications relay system and a large passive radiometer to measure soil moisture. Considerations in the design of such structures include the lack of gravity, allowing structures to be built with much less supporting weight, the cost of transportation to orbit, leading to the use of aluminum or composite materials stored on reels and attached to a beam builder, and the required surface accuracy in the presence of thermal stresses. Construction factors to consider include the use of astronauts and remote manipulators in assembly, both of which have been demonstrated to be feasible.

KSC-06pd0926

NASA Image and Video Library

2006-05-23

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- From inside the payload changeout room on the rotating service structure on Launch Pad 39B, workers maneuver the multi-purpose logistics module Leonardo into Space Shuttle Discovery's payload bay (at left). The payload ground-handling mechanism (PGHM) is used to transfer the module into the payload bay. Leonardo is a reusable logistics carrier. It is the primary delivery system used to resupply and return station cargo requiring a pressurized environment. Leonardo is part of the payload on mission STS-121. Other payloads include the integrated cargo carrier with the mobile transporter reel assembly and a spare pump module, and the lightweight multi-purpose experiment support structure carrier. Discovery is scheduled to launch in a window extending from July 1 through July 19. Photo credit: NASA/Jack Pfaller

KSC-06pd0925

NASA Image and Video Library

2006-05-23

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- From inside the payload changeout room on the rotating service structure on Launch Pad 39B, the multi-purpose logistics module Leonardo is being moved into Space Shuttle Discovery's payload bay (at left). The payload ground-handling mechanism (PGHM) is used to transfer the module into the payload bay. Leonardo is a reusable logistics carrier. It is the primary delivery system used to resupply and return station cargo requiring a pressurized environment. Leonardo is part of the payload on mission STS-121. Other payloads include the integrated cargo carrier with the mobile transporter reel assembly and a spare pump module, and the lightweight multi-purpose experiment support structure carrier. Discovery is scheduled to launch in a window extending from July 1 through July 19. Photo credit: NASA/Jack Pfaller

A tether tension control law for tethered subsatellites deployed along local vertical. [space shuttle orbiters - satellite control/towed bodies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rupp, C. C.

1975-01-01

A tethered subsatellite deployed along the local vertical is in stable equilibrium. This applies equally to subsatellites deployed in the direction towards the earth from the main spacecraft or away from the earth. Momentary perturbations from this stable equilibrium will result in a swinging motion, which decays very slowly if passive means are relied upon to provide damping. A control law is described which actively damps the swinging motion by employing a reel, or other mechanism, to apply appropriate tension as a function of tetherline length, rate of change of length, and desired length. The same control law is shown to be useful for deployment and retrieval of tethered subsatellites in addition to damping to steady state.

Prime Contract Awards by FSC/SVC and Purchasing Office in Excess of $100,000. FY 1992 (1005 Guns thru 30 mm -- 8130 Reels and Spools)

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-01-01

gn -*( 0Q 0 00 N 40 a a:wo to00)0 . C4 L~.4 U.U.L f6 - 1 -l 00o.00 4 Cfl4 mlC4 P. q w-i N4 r- Z-i (A N f 6-0 -IIn 4c (A (fl i N r- -I .4 C4 w-4 (no 00...V40& X U -- C -- 0. - =: z 0.V 4L CLO U U .4 .4U isQ3t lb 4. Cl . c൰VLSC io&C -4 CL > . 0O ACCa I.- (A-1.. S4 It ;: 0 0 04 06 > t I .. C ..4 0 o 1

26. A battery of calender presses at work finishing magazine ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

26. A battery of calender presses at work finishing magazine paper. After the coated paper has been dried and put into rolls, as shown in the preceding pictures, it is brought to the room shown here. A roll is put in the reel at the man's shoulder in the foreground and started through the machine. It passes between the two top rollers and then in and out between the succeeding rollers, until it reaches the bottom. Many tons' pressure have ironed it before it comes out and is rolled up again. This process gives it the finish that the National Geographic must have to maintain its high standard. (p.240.) - Champion-International Paper Company, West bank of Spicket River at Canal Street, Lawrence, Essex County, MA

16 CFR 1203.15 - Positional stability test (roll-off resistance).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... any slack. (3) Suspend the dynamic impact system from the helmet by positioning the flexible strap... positions. (3) Dynamic impact apparatus. A dynamic impact apparatus shall be used to apply a shock load to a helmet secured to the test headform. The dynamic impact apparatus shall allow a 4-kg (8.8-lb) drop weight...

Five-day recorder seismic system

USGS Publications Warehouse

Criley, Ed; Eaton, Jerry P.; Ellis, Jim

1978-01-01

The 10-day recorder seismic system used by the USGS since 1965 has been modified substantially to improve its dynamic range and frequency response, to decrease its power consumption and physical complexity, and to make its recordings more compatible with other NCER systems to facilitate data processing. The principal changes include: 1. increasing tape speed from 15/160 ips to 15/80 ips (reducing running time from 10 days to 5 days with a 14' reel of 1 mil tape), 2. increasing the FM center frequency by a factor of 4, from 84.4 Hz to 337.6 Hz, 3. replacing the original amplifiers and FM modulators with new low-power units, 4. replacing the chronometer with a higher quality time code generator (with IRIG-C) to permit automation of data retrieval, 5. eliminating the amplifier/WWVB radio field case by incorporating these elements, along with the new TCG, in the weatherproof tape-recorder box, 6. reducing the power consumption of the motor-drive circuit by removal of a redundant component. In the new system, the tape-recorder case houses all components except the seismometers, the WWVB antenna, the 70-amp-hour 12-VDC battery (which powers the system for 5 days), and the cables to connect these external elements to the recorder box. The objectives of this report are: 1. to describe the new 5-day-recorder seismic system in terms of its constituent parts and their functions, 2. to describe modifications to parts of the original system that were retained and to document new or replacement components with appropriate circuit diagrams and constructional details, 3. to provide detailed instructions for the correct adjustment or alignment of the system in the laboratory, and 4. to provide detailed instructions for installing and operating the system in the field.

Color Mosaic of Rover & Terrain

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-07-05

NASA's Sojourner rover and undeployed ramps onboard the Mars Pathfinder spacecraft can be seen in this image, by the Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) on July 4 (Sol 1). This image has been corrected for the curvature created by parallax. The microrover Sojourner is latched to the petal, and has not yet been deployed. The ramps are a pair of deployable metal reels which will provide a track for the rover as it slowly rolls off the lander, over the spacecraft's deflated airbags, and onto the surface of Mars. Pathfinder scientists will use this image to determine whether it is safe to deploy the ramps. One or both of the ramps will be unfurled, and then scientists will decide whether the rover will use either the forward or backward ramp for its descent. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00621

Fish-hook injuries: a risk for fishermen

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

Fishing is one of the best known and practiced human activities. However, you should remember that, when casting the hook from the riverbank or grasping it to add bait, fishermen run a real risk of injury if the hook punctures the skin. Briefly we describe a case where a young, 32-year-old fisherman who was reeling the hook back to shore when it hit him in the face and embedded itself in his upper eyelid. Upon examination, the eye was found to be unharmed and the hook was removed through a small incision and the aid of a local anesthetic. In the light of this case report, we think it a good idea to advise our friends and patients who we know to be fishermen to wear some form of eye protection as a precaution. PMID:21156039

The NASA Ames integral aircraft passenger seat concept - A human engineering approach

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kubokawa, C. C.

1974-01-01

A new NASA Ames concept for an aircraft passenger seat has been under research and development since 1968. It includes many human-factor features that will provide protection to the passenger from vibration, jostle, and high impact. It is comfortable and safer than any of the seats presently in use. An in-depth design, fabrication, and impact analysis was conducted in order to design a seat that will maximize passenger protection in high g impacts (20 g horizontal -Gx, 36 g vertical +Gz, 16 g lateral Gy). The method for absorbing impact energy was accomplished with a combination of stretching stainless steel cables, thread breaking of stitches, hydraulic mechanism and the special Temper Form cushions. The restraint system for the seat consisted of a lap belt and shoulder harness inertia reel combination.

Reelin: Neurodevelopmental Architect and Homeostatic Regulator of Excitatory Synapses.

PubMed

Wasser, Catherine R; Herz, Joachim

2017-01-27

Over half a century ago, D. S. Falconer first reported a mouse with a reeling gate. Four decades later, the Reln gene was isolated and identified as the cause of the reeler phenotype. Initial studies found that loss of Reelin, a large, secreted glycoprotein encoded by the Reln gene, results in abnormal neuronal layering throughout several regions of the brain. In the years since, the known functions of Reelin signaling in the brain have expanded to include multiple postdevelopmental neuromodulatory roles, revealing an ever increasing body of evidence to suggest that Reelin signaling is a critical player in the modulation of synaptic function. In writing this review, we intend to highlight the most fundamental aspects of Reelin signaling and integrate how these various neuromodulatory effects shape and protect synapses. © 2017 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Design of the De-Orbit Sail Boom Deployment Unit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meyer, Sebastian; Hillebrandt, Martin; Straubel, Marco; Huhne, Christian

2014-06-01

The design of the De-Orbit Sail boom deployment unit is strongly driven by volume constraints, which are given by the cubesat container. Four CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced polymer) booms [4] with a cross-sectional shape of a double-omega and a length of 3.6 m are reeled on one spool in the center of the unit. The deployment of the four booms are controlled by an electric motor, which acts on the boom spool. Due to the volume limitation caused by the dimensions of the cubesat deployer the deployment unit has little room for the mechanisms components. With the aim to achieve a robust design, the deployment concept of the unit has greatly changed during the development process. The history of the design as well as the mechanisms are described. Additionally the results of the flight model testing are presented.

Reel Science: An Ethnographic Study of Girls' Science Identity Development In and Through Film

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chaffee, Rachel L.

This dissertation study contributes to the research on filmmaking and identity development by exploring the ways that film production provided unique opportunities for a team of four girls to engage in science, to develop identities in science, and to see and understand science differently. Using social practice, identity, and feminist theory and New Literacies Studies as a theoretical lens and grounded theory and multimodality as analytic frameworks, I present findings that suggest that girls in this study authored identities and communicated and represented science in and through film in ways that drew on their social, cultural, and embodied resources and the material resources of the after-school science club. Findings from this study highlight the affordances of filmmaking as a venue for engaging in the disciplinary practices of science and for accessing and authoring identities in science.

The Development of a Manhole Access Pipe-Crawler System

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Collins, M.

2000-09-19

The Savannah River Site's (SRS) Environmental Restoration Division (ERD) is in the process of reconditioning and decommissioning potentially contaminated facilities. Many of these facilities require inspection prior to remediation tasks. Remote inspections are necessary to reduce hazards and ensure the health and safety of workers and the public. To aid in ERD's efforts, the Remote and Specialty Equipment Systems (RSES) section developed a remote inspection vehicle referred to as the Manhole Access Pipecrawler System (MAPS). The MAPS is comprised of a battery-powered mobile vehicle, a portable control console, a cable reel enclosing 300 feet of tethered cable, and a deployment/retrievalmore » system. The components used in MAPS are predominantly standard off-the-shelf items to reduce fabrication costs. Parts were chosen based on size and durability to satisfy SRS operating conditions.« less

Dynamic loop gain increases upon adopting the supine body position during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea.

PubMed

Joosten, Simon A; Landry, Shane A; Sands, Scott A; Terrill, Philip I; Mann, Dwayne; Andara, Christopher; Skuza, Elizabeth; Turton, Anthony; Berger, Philip; Hamilton, Garun S; Edwards, Bradley A

2017-11-01

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is typically worse in the supine versus lateral sleeping position. One potential factor driving this observation is a decrease in lung volume in the supine position which is expected by theory to increase a key OSA pathogenic factor: dynamic ventilatory control instability (i.e. loop gain). We aimed to quantify dynamic loop gain in OSA patients in the lateral and supine positions, and to explore the relationship between change in dynamic loop gain and change in lung volume with position. Data from 20 patients enrolled in previous studies on the effect of body position on OSA pathogenesis were retrospectively analysed. Dynamic loop gain was calculated from routinely collected polysomnographic signals using a previously validated mathematical model. Lung volumes were measured in the awake state with a nitrogen washout technique. Dynamic loop gain was significantly higher in the supine than in the lateral position (0.77 ± 0.15 vs 0.68 ± 0.14, P = 0.012). Supine functional residual capacity (FRC) was significantly lower than lateral FRC (81.0 ± 15.4% vs 87.3 ± 18.4% of the seated FRC, P = 0.021). The reduced FRC we observed on moving to the supine position was predicted by theory to increase loop gain by 10.2 (0.6, 17.1)%, a value similar to the observed increase of 8.4 (-1.5, 31.0)%. Dynamic loop gain increased by a small but statistically significant amount when moving from the lateral to supine position and this may, in part, contribute to the worsening of OSA in the supine sleeping position. © 2017 Asian Pacific Society of Respirology.

Knotless single-row rotator cuff repair: a comparative biomechanical study of 2 knotless suture anchors.

PubMed

Efird, Chad; Traub, Shaun; Baldini, Todd; Rioux-Forker, Dana; Spalazzi, Jeffrey P; Davisson, Twana; Hawkins, Monica; McCarty, Eric

2013-08-01

The purpose of this study was to compare the gap formation during cyclic loading, maximum repair strength, and failure mode of single-row full-thickness supraspinatus repairs performed using 2 knotless suture anchors with differing internal suture-retention mechanisms in a human cadaver model. Nine matched pairs of cadaver shoulders were used. Full-thickness tears were induced by detaching the supraspinatus tendon from the greater tuberosity. Single-row repairs were performed with either type I (Opus Magnum PI; ArthroCare, Austin, Texas) or type II (ReelX STT; Stryker, Mahwah, New Jersey) knotless suture anchors. The repaired tendon was cycled from 10 to 90 N for 500 cycles, followed by load to failure. Gap formation was measured at 5, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 cycles with a video digitizing system. Anchor type or location (anterior or posterior) had no effect on gap formation during cyclic loading regardless of position (anterior, P=.385; posterior, P=.389). Maximum load to failure was significantly greater (P=.018) for repairs performed with type II anchors (288±62 N) compared with type I anchors (179±39 N). Primary failure modes were anchor pullout and tendon tearing for type II anchors and suture slippage through the anchor for type I anchors. The internal ratcheting suture-retention mechanism of type II anchors may have helped this anchor outperform the suture-cinching mechanism of type I anchors by supporting significantly higher loads before failure and minimizing suture slippage, potentially leading to stronger repairs clinically. Copyright 2013, SLACK Incorporated.

An efficient predictor-corrector-based dynamic mesh method for multi-block structured grid with extremely large deformation and its applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guo, Tongqing; Chen, Hao; Lu, Zhiliang

2018-05-01

Aiming at extremely large deformation, a novel predictor-corrector-based dynamic mesh method for multi-block structured grid is proposed. In this work, the dynamic mesh generation is completed in three steps. At first, some typical dynamic positions are selected and high-quality multi-block grids with the same topology are generated at those positions. Then, Lagrange interpolation method is adopted to predict the dynamic mesh at any dynamic position. Finally, a rapid elastic deforming technique is used to correct the small deviation between the interpolated geometric configuration and the actual instantaneous one. Compared with the traditional methods, the results demonstrate that the present method shows stronger deformation ability and higher dynamic mesh quality.

Dynamic control of ocular disaccommodation: First and second-order dynamics

PubMed Central

Bharadwaj, Shrikant R.; Schor, Clifton M.

2006-01-01

Velocity and acceleration characteristics provide valuable information about dynamic control of accommodation. We investigated velocity and acceleration of disaccommodation (near-far focusing) from three starting positions. Peak velocity and peak acceleration of disaccommodation increased with the proximity of starting position however for a given starting position they were invariant of response magnitude. These results suggest that all disaccommodation responses are initiated towards a constant primary destination and are switched mid-flight to attain the desired final position. Large discrepancies between the primary destination and desired final position appear to produce overshoots and oscillations of small responses from proximal starting positions. PMID:16045960

A compact ultra-clean system for deploying radioactive sources inside the KamLAND detector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Banks, T. I.; Freedman, S. J.; Wallig, J.; Ybarrolaza, N.; Gando, A.; Gando, Y.; Ikeda, H.; Inoue, K.; Kishimoto, Y.; Koga, M.; Mitsui, T.; Nakamura, K.; Shimizu, I.; Shirai, J.; Suzuki, A.; Takemoto, Y.; Tamae, K.; Ueshima, K.; Watanabe, H.; Xu, B. D.; Yoshida, H.; Yoshida, S.; Kozlov, A.; Grant, C.; Keefer, G.; Piepke, A.; Bloxham, T.; Fujikawa, B. K.; Han, K.; Ichimura, K.; Murayama, H.; O`Donnell, T.; Steiner, H. M.; Winslow, L. A.; Dwyer, D. A.; McKeown, R. D.; Zhang, C.; Berger, B. E.; Lane, C. E.; Maricic, J.; Miletic, T.; Batygov, M.; Learned, J. G.; Matsuno, S.; Sakai, M.; Horton-Smith, G. A.; Downum, K. E.; Gratta, G.; Efremenko, Y.; Perevozchikov, O.; Karwowski, H. J.; Markoff, D. M.; Tornow, W.; Heeger, K. M.; Detwiler, J. A.; Enomoto, S.; Decowski, M. P.

2015-01-01

We describe a compact, ultra-clean device used to deploy radioactive sources along the vertical axis of the KamLAND liquid-scintillator neutrino detector for purposes of calibration. The device worked by paying out and reeling in precise lengths of a hanging, small-gauge wire rope (cable); an assortment of interchangeable radioactive sources could be attached to a weight at the end of the cable. All components exposed to the radiopure liquid scintillator were made of chemically compatible UHV-cleaned materials, primarily stainless steel, in order to avoid contaminating or degrading the scintillator. To prevent radon intrusion, the apparatus was enclosed in a hermetically sealed housing inside a glove box, and both volumes were regularly flushed with purified nitrogen gas. An infrared camera attached to the side of the housing permitted real-time visual monitoring of the cable's motion, and the system was controlled via a graphical user interface.

Tape tracking and handling for magnetic tape recorders. [aboard spacecraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Paroby, W.; Disilvestre, R.

1975-01-01

One of the critical performance and life limiting elements of a spacecraft tape recorder instrumentation system which has received little attention in technical literature is magnetic tape tracking and handling technology. This technology is required to understand how to gently transfer tape from one reel to another with proper alignment and a desirable uniform velocity at the read and write transducer heads. The increased demand for high data rate (i.e., multi-track spacecraft recording instrumentation systems), coupled with performance under extreme environmental conditions, requires a thorough knowledge of the various parameters which establish an optimum designed tape tracking and handling system. Stress analysis techniques are required to evaluate these parameters substantiated with test tape tracking data, to show the effect of each parameter on a tape recorder instrumentation tracking system. The technology is applicable to ground type tape recorders where the detrimental effects of edge guidance can be eliminated.

Return to Flight Resource Reel 1 of 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2005-01-01

A video presentation detailing the tests performed on the Space Shuttle Discovery in preparation for its return to flight is shown. The tests include: 1) Reinforced Carbon-Carbon (RCC) Impact Test Article; 2) RCC Foam Impact Testing; 3) Thermal Protection System (TPS) Ice Impact Testing featuring Justin Kerr, Project Engineer; 4) Wing Leading Edge Wireless Sensors featuring Karl Kiefer, President and CEO of Invocon, and Kevin Champaigne of Invocon; 5) TPS Repair Testing KC-135 Zero-G Environment featuring Soichi Noguchi, Mission Specialist; 6) TPS Extravehicular Activity Tool Demonstration; 7) TPS Repair Testing Vacuum Glove box; 8) TPS Repair Testing Human Thermal Vacuum Chamber; 9) TPS Reentry Testing Atmospheric Reentry Materials and Structures Evaluation Facility; 10) TPS Alternative Repair Concept; 11) Lora Bailey Lead Engineer for EVA Tools; 12) Reinforced Carbon-Carbon ATK Thiokol Plug Repair Animation; 13) 3-Percent Model Build-Up; and 14) Wind Tunnel Testing RCC Aging Research Ballistic Testing.

STS-9 BET products

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Findlay, J. T.; Kelly, G. M.; Heck, M. L.; Mcconnell, J. G.; Henry, M. W.

1984-01-01

The final products generated for the STS-9, which landed on December 8, 1983 are reported. The trajectory reconstruction utilized an anchor epoch of GMT corresponding to an initial altitude of h 356 kft, selected in view of the limited tracking coverage available. The final state utilized IMU2 measurements and was based on processing radar tracking from six C-bands and a single S-band station, plus six photo-theodolite cameras in the vicinity of Runway 17 at Edwards Air Force Base. The final atmosphere (FLAIR9/UN=581199C) was based on a composite of the remote measured data and the 1978 Air Force Reference Atmosphere model. The Extended BET is available as STS9BET/UN=274885C. The AEROBET and MMLE input files created are discussed. Plots of the more relevant parameters from the AEROBET (reel number NL0624) are included. Input parameters, final residual plots, a trajectory listing, and data archival information are defined.

Apollo 17 Lunar Surface Experiment equipment

NASA Image and Video Library

1972-11-30

S72-37259 (November 1972) --- The Geophone Module and Cable Reels of the Lunar Seismic Profiling Experiment (S-203), a component of the Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package which will be carried on the Apollo 17 lunar landing mission. LSPE components are four geophones similar to those used in an earlier active seismic experiment, an electronics package in the ALSEP central station, and eight explosive packages which will be deployed during the geology traverse. The four geophones will be placed one in the center and one at each corner of a 90-meter equilateral triangle. Explosive charges placed on the surface will generate seismic waves of varying strengths to provide data on the structural profile of the landing site. After the charges have been fired by ground command, the experiment will settle down into a passive listening mode, detecting moonquakes, meteorite impacts and the thump caused by the Lunar Module ascent stage impact.

Angling sport fishing in Lobo-Broa reservoir (Itirapina, SP, Brazil).

PubMed

Pereira, J M A; Petrere, M; Ribeiro-Filho, R A

2008-11-01

The objective of this paper was to study angling from September, 2002 to September, 2004 in the Lobo-Broa Reservoir, Itirapina, SP (22 degrees 15' S and 47 degrees 49' W). Interviews (total 1,027) with sport fishers were accomplished in the three main fishing sites (Horto, Píer and Praia). This fishing was practiced with a simple fishing rod and reel, mainly in Horto, where the catches and fishing effort were higher. The catches were mainly composed of Cichlidae (Geophagus brasiliensis, Oreochromis niloticus, Tilapia rendalli and Cichla monoculus). We tried to determine which factors (fishing sites, type of baits and season) and the covariate fishing effort, expressed in number of fishing rods multiplied by fishing time, would affect catches, using a 3 way-ANCOVA. The final model showed that only fishing sites and effort determined the captures of sporting fishing in the reservoir. Some measures for managing fishing practices are discussed.

Examination of the Reelfoot Rift Petroleum System, south-central United States, and the elements that remain for potential exploration and development

USGS Publications Warehouse

Coleman, James; Pratt, Thomas L.

2016-01-01

No production has been established in the Reel-foot rift. However, at least nine of 22 exploratory wells have reported petroleum shows, mainly gas shows with some asphalt or solid hydrocarbon residue. Regional seismic profiling shows the presence of two large inversion structures (Blytheville arch and Pascola arch). The Blytheville arch is marked by a core of structurally thickened Elvins Shale, whereas the Pascola arch reflects the structural uplift of a portion of the entire rift basin. Structural uplift and faulting within the Reelfoot rift since the late Paleozoic appear to have disrupted older conventional hydrocarbon traps and likely spilled any potential conventional petroleum accumulations. The remaining potential resources within the Reelfoot rift are likely shale gas accumulations within the Elvins Shale; however, reservoir continuity and porosity as well as pervasive faulting appear to be significant future challenges for explorers and drillers.

X-wing noise data acquisition program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Healy, G. J.

1983-01-01

The X-wing circulation controlled rotor system model was tested for hover performance. During these performance tests, noise data from 12 microphones was recorded on magnetic tape for subsequent data reduction. The rotor system was operated at 4 tip speeds ranging from 529 to 650 ft./sec. (404 to 497 rpm), collective angles of attack fro 0 deg to 8.5 deg (maximum), and blade pressure ratios from 1.0 (no blowing) to a maximum of 2.1. The 12 microphones included 11 in the far field, and one in the transmission area. Following completion of the rotor and subsystem noise measurements, sound field calibration measurements were made of both the rotor 'bowl' and the loudspeaker system used in the 'bowl' calibration measurements. The location of 10 far field microphones was measured by a surveyor. Additionally, detailed tape logs were prepared for the six reels of tape used for the program.

Design and reliability analysis of DP-3 dynamic positioning control architecture

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Fang; Wan, Lei; Jiang, Da-Peng; Xu, Yu-Ru

2011-12-01

As the exploration and exploitation of oil and gas proliferate throughout deepwater area, the requirements on the reliability of dynamic positioning system become increasingly stringent. The control objective ensuring safety operation at deep water will not be met by a single controller for dynamic positioning. In order to increase the availability and reliability of dynamic positioning control system, the triple redundancy hardware and software control architectures were designed and developed according to the safe specifications of DP-3 classification notation for dynamically positioned ships and rigs. The hardware redundant configuration takes the form of triple-redundant hot standby configuration including three identical operator stations and three real-time control computers which connect each other through dual networks. The function of motion control and redundancy management of control computers were implemented by software on the real-time operating system VxWorks. The software realization of task loose synchronization, majority voting and fault detection were presented in details. A hierarchical software architecture was planed during the development of software, consisting of application layer, real-time layer and physical layer. The behavior of the DP-3 dynamic positioning control system was modeled by a Markov model to analyze its reliability. The effects of variation in parameters on the reliability measures were investigated. The time domain dynamic simulation was carried out on a deepwater drilling rig to prove the feasibility of the proposed control architecture.

A classification of open Gaussian dynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grimmer, Daniel; Brown, Eric; Kempf, Achim; Mann, Robert B.; Martín-Martínez, Eduardo

2018-06-01

We introduce a classification scheme for the generators of bosonic open Gaussian dynamics, providing instructive diagrams description for each type of dynamics. Using this classification, we discuss the consequences of imposing complete positivity on Gaussian dynamics. In particular, we show that non-symplectic operations must be active to allow for complete positivity. In addition, non-symplectic operations can, in fact, conserve the volume of phase space only if the restriction of complete positivity is lifted. We then discuss the implications for the relationship between information and energy flows in open quantum mechanics.

Estimation method of finger tapping dynamics using simple magnetic detection system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kandori, Akihiko; Sano, Yuko; Miyashita, Tsuyoshi; Okada, Yoshihisa; Irokawa, Masataka; Shima, Keisuke; Tsuji, Toshio; Yokoe, Masaru; Sakoda, Saburo

2010-05-01

We have developed the simple estimation method of a finger tapping dynamics model for investigating muscle resistance and stiffness during tapping movement in normal subjects. We measured finger tapping movements of 207 normal subjects using a magnetic finger tapping detection system. Each subject tapped two fingers in time with a metronome at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 Hz. The velocity and acceleration values for both the closing and opening tapping data were used to estimate a finger tapping dynamics model. Using the frequency response of the ratio of acceleration to velocity of the mechanical impedance parameters, we estimated the resistance (friction coefficient) and compliance (stiffness). We found two dynamics models for the maximum open position and tap position. In the maximum open position, the extensor muscle resistance was twice as high as the flexor muscle resistance and males had a higher spring constant. In the tap position, the flexor muscle resistance was much higher than the extensor muscle resistance. This indicates that the tapping dynamics in the maximum open position are controlled by the balance of extensor and flexor muscle friction resistances and the flexor stiffness, and the flexor friction resistance is the main component in the tap position. It can be concluded that our estimation method makes it possible to understand the tapping dynamics.

Adaptive Robust Output Feedback Control for a Marine Dynamic Positioning System Based on a High-Gain Observer.

PubMed

Du, Jialu; Hu, Xin; Liu, Hongbo; Chen, C L Philip

2015-11-01

This paper develops an adaptive robust output feedback control scheme for dynamically positioned ships with unavailable velocities and unknown dynamic parameters in an unknown time-variant disturbance environment. The controller is designed by incorporating the high-gain observer and radial basis function (RBF) neural networks in vectorial backstepping method. The high-gain observer provides the estimations of the ship position and heading as well as velocities. The RBF neural networks are employed to compensate for the uncertainties of ship dynamics. The adaptive laws incorporating a leakage term are designed to estimate the weights of RBF neural networks and the bounds of unknown time-variant environmental disturbances. In contrast to the existing results of dynamic positioning (DP) controllers, the proposed control scheme relies only on the ship position and heading measurements and does not require a priori knowledge of the ship dynamics and external disturbances. By means of Lyapunov functions, it is theoretically proved that our output feedback controller can control a ship's position and heading to the arbitrarily small neighborhood of the desired target values while guaranteeing that all signals in the closed-loop DP control system are uniformly ultimately bounded. Finally, simulations involving two ships are carried out, and simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

Estimation method of finger tapping dynamics using simple magnetic detection system.

PubMed

Kandori, Akihiko; Sano, Yuko; Miyashita, Tsuyoshi; Okada, Yoshihisa; Irokawa, Masataka; Shima, Keisuke; Tsuji, Toshio; Yokoe, Masaru; Sakoda, Saburo

2010-05-01

We have developed the simple estimation method of a finger tapping dynamics model for investigating muscle resistance and stiffness during tapping movement in normal subjects. We measured finger tapping movements of 207 normal subjects using a magnetic finger tapping detection system. Each subject tapped two fingers in time with a metronome at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 Hz. The velocity and acceleration values for both the closing and opening tapping data were used to estimate a finger tapping dynamics model. Using the frequency response of the ratio of acceleration to velocity of the mechanical impedance parameters, we estimated the resistance (friction coefficient) and compliance (stiffness). We found two dynamics models for the maximum open position and tap position. In the maximum open position, the extensor muscle resistance was twice as high as the flexor muscle resistance and males had a higher spring constant. In the tap position, the flexor muscle resistance was much higher than the extensor muscle resistance. This indicates that the tapping dynamics in the maximum open position are controlled by the balance of extensor and flexor muscle friction resistances and the flexor stiffness, and the flexor friction resistance is the main component in the tap position. It can be concluded that our estimation method makes it possible to understand the tapping dynamics.

Constructing Unfinalizability: A Subject Positioning Analysis of a Couple's Therapy Session Hosted by Tom Andersen.

PubMed

Guilfoyle, Michael

2018-03-08

The notion of subject positions is a useful tool in thinking through therapeutic interactions. In this article, I discuss positioning as an everyday phenomenon, and highlight the relational and social power dynamics that shape the subject positions persons may inhabit. Analysis is presented of the positional dynamics that play out in the couple's therapy session facilitated by Tom Andersen. Analysis suggests that Andersen adopts a not-knowing, uncertain, and curious position, while constructing the couple as competent, unfinalizable persons able to negotiate the choice-points that arise in front of them. However, if subject positions are grounded in social power dynamics, the session leaves a particular question unanswered: How will these emergent positions take hold outside of the consulting room? © 2018 American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy.

An experimental study of the nonlinear dynamic phenomenon known as wing rock

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Arena, A. S., Jr.; Nelson, R. C.; Schiff, L. B.

1990-01-01

An experimental investigation into the physical phenomena associated with limit cycle wing rock on slender delta wings has been conducted. The model used was a slender flat plate delta wing with 80-deg leading edge sweep. The investigation concentrated on three main areas: motion characteristics obtained from time history plots, static and dynamic flow visualization of vortex position, and static and dynamic flow visualization of vortex breakdown. The flow visualization studies are correlated with model motion to determine the relationship between vortex position and vortex breakdown with the dynamic rolling moments. Dynamic roll moment coefficient curves reveal rate-dependent hysteresis, which drives the motion. Vortex position correlated with time and model motion show a time lag in the normal position of the upward moving wing vortex. This time lag may be the mechanism responsible for the hysteresis. Vortex breakdown is shown to have a damping effect on the motion.

Estimation of Time-Varying, Intrinsic and Reflex Dynamic Joint Stiffness during Movement. Application to the Ankle Joint

PubMed Central

Guarín, Diego L.; Kearney, Robert E.

2017-01-01

Dynamic joint stiffness determines the relation between joint position and torque, and plays a vital role in the control of posture and movement. Dynamic joint stiffness can be quantified during quasi-stationary conditions using disturbance experiments, where small position perturbations are applied to the joint and the torque response is recorded. Dynamic joint stiffness is composed of intrinsic and reflex mechanisms that act and change together, so that nonlinear, mathematical models and specialized system identification techniques are necessary to estimate their relative contributions to overall joint stiffness. Quasi-stationary experiments have demonstrated that dynamic joint stiffness is heavily modulated by joint position and voluntary torque. Consequently, during movement, when joint position and torque change rapidly, dynamic joint stiffness will be Time-Varying (TV). This paper introduces a new method to quantify the TV intrinsic and reflex components of dynamic joint stiffness during movement. The algorithm combines ensemble and deterministic approaches for estimation of TV systems; and uses a TV, parallel-cascade, nonlinear system identification technique to separate overall dynamic joint stiffness into intrinsic and reflex components from position and torque records. Simulation studies of a stiffness model, whose parameters varied with time as is expected during walking, demonstrated that the new algorithm accurately tracked the changes in dynamic joint stiffness using as little as 40 gait cycles. The method was also used to estimate the intrinsic and reflex dynamic ankle stiffness from an experiment with a healthy subject during which ankle movements were imposed while the subject maintained a constant muscle contraction. The method identified TV stiffness model parameters that predicted the measured torque very well, accounting for more than 95% of its variance. Moreover, both intrinsic and reflex dynamic stiffness were heavily modulated through the movement in a manner that could not be predicted from quasi-stationary experiments. The new method provides the tool needed to explore the role of dynamic stiffness in the control of movement. PMID:28649196

Dynamic Detection of Spinal Cord Position During Postural Changes Using Near-Infrared Reflectometry.

PubMed

Wolf, Erich W

2015-08-01

Motion of the spinal cord relative to a spinal cord stimulator epidural electrode array can cause suboptimal stimulation: either noxious, inefficient, or insufficient. Adaptive stimulation attempts to mitigate these effects by modulating stimulation parameters in a position-dependent fashion. Near-infrared (NIR) reflectometry is demonstrated to provide real-time direct measurement of spinal cord position at the site of stimulation, which can facilitate closed-loop adaptive stimulation during static and dynamic motion states. A miniature sensor array consisting of an NIR light emitting diode flanked by phototransistors potted in epoxy was placed in the dorsal epidural space of a human cadaver at the T8 level via laminotomy. Turgor of the subarachnoid space was maintained by intrathecal infusion of saline. NIR reflectance was measured as the cadaver was rotated about its longitudinal axis on a gantry. NIR reflectance was correlated with gantry position and velocity. NIR reflectometry suggests gravitational force is the primary determinant of cord position in static, ordinal positions. Under dynamic motion conditions, there was statistically significant cross-correlation between reflectometry data and the tangential velocity squared, suggesting that centripetal force was the primary determinant of cord position as the gantry was rotated. Reflectometry data strongly correlated with a simple geometric model of anticipated spinal cord precession within the spinal canal. Spinal cord position during dynamic motion has been shown to differ from static predictions due to additional influences such as centripetal force. These findings underscore limitations in extrapolating spinal cord position from surrogates such as body position or body acceleration at sites remote from the stimulating electrodes. NIR reflectometry offers a real-time direct measure of spinal cord position in both static and dynamic motion states, which may facilitate closed-loop adaptive stimulation applications. © 2015 International Neuromodulation Society.

Measurement and inference of profile soil-water dynamics at different hillslope positions in a semiarid agricultural watershed

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Green, Timothy R.; Erskine, Robert H.

2011-12-01

Dynamics of profile soil water vary with terrain, soil, and plant characteristics. The objectives addressed here are to quantify dynamic soil water content over a range of slope positions, infer soil profile water fluxes, and identify locations most likely influenced by multidimensional flow. The instrumented 56 ha watershed lies mostly within a dryland (rainfed) wheat field in semiarid eastern Colorado. Dielectric capacitance sensors were used to infer hourly soil water content for approximately 8 years (minus missing data) at 18 hillslope positions and four or more depths. Based on previous research and a new algorithm, sensor measurements (resonant frequency) were rescaled to estimate soil permittivity, then corrected for temperature effects on bulk electrical conductivity before inferring soil water content. Using a mass-conservation method, we analyzed multitemporal changes in soil water content at each sensor to infer the dynamics of water flux at different depths and landscape positions. At summit positions vertical processes appear to control profile soil water dynamics. At downslope positions infrequent overland flow and unsaturated subsurface lateral flow appear to influence soil water dynamics. Crop water use accounts for much of the variability in soil water between transects that are either cropped or fallow in alternating years, while soil hydraulic properties and near-surface hydrology affect soil water variability across landscape positions within each management zone. The observed spatiotemporal patterns exhibit the joint effects of short-term hydrology and long-term soil development. Quantitative methods of analyzing soil water patterns in space and time improve our understanding of dominant soil hydrological processes and provide alternative measures of model performance.

Adaptive Indoor Positioning Model Based on WLAN-Fingerprinting for Dynamic and Multi-Floor Environments

PubMed Central

Alshami, Iyad Husni; Sahibuddin, Shamsul; Firdaus, Firdaus

2017-01-01

The Global Positioning System demonstrates the significance of Location Based Services but it cannot be used indoors due to the lack of line of sight between satellites and receivers. Indoor Positioning Systems are needed to provide indoor Location Based Services. Wireless LAN fingerprints are one of the best choices for Indoor Positioning Systems because of their low cost, and high accuracy, however they have many drawbacks: creating radio maps is time consuming, the radio maps will become outdated with any environmental change, different mobile devices read the received signal strength (RSS) differently, and peoples’ presence in LOS between access points and mobile device affects the RSS. This research proposes a new Adaptive Indoor Positioning System model (called DIPS) based on: a dynamic radio map generator, RSS certainty technique and peoples’ presence effect integration for dynamic and multi-floor environments. Dynamic in our context refers to the effects of people and device heterogeneity. DIPS can achieve 98% and 92% positioning accuracy for floor and room positioning, and it achieves 1.2 m for point positioning error. RSS certainty enhanced the positioning accuracy for floor and room for different mobile devices by 11% and 9%. Then by considering the peoples’ presence effect, the error is reduced by 0.2 m. In comparison with other works, DIPS achieves better positioning without extra devices. PMID:28783047

Positive Affect and the Complex Dynamics of Human Flourishing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fredrickson, Barbara L.; Losada, Marcial F.

2005-01-01

Extending B. L. Fredrickson's (1998) broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions and M. Losada's (1999) nonlinear dynamics model of team performance, the authors predict that a ratio of positive to negative affect at or above 2.9 will characterize individuals in flourishing mental health. Participants (N=188) completed an initial survey to…

Upper Limb Asymmetries in the Perception of Proprioceptively Determined Dynamic Position Sense

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goble, Daniel J.; Brown, Susan H.

2010-01-01

Recent studies of position-related proprioceptive sense have provided evidence of a nonpreferred left arm advantage in right-handed individuals. The present study sought to determine whether similar asymmetries might exist in "dynamic position" sense. Thirteen healthy, right-handed adults were blindfolded and seated with arms placed on…

Development of a revolute-joint robot for the precision positioning of an x-ray detector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Preissner, Curt A.; Royston, Thomas J.; Shu, Deming

2003-10-01

This paper profiles the initial phase in the development of a six degree-of-freedom robot, with 1 μm dynamic positioning uncertainty, for the manipulation of x-ray detectors or test specimens at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). While revolute-joint robot manipulators exhibit a smaller footprint along with increased positioning flexibility compared to Cartesian manipulators, commercially available revolute-joint manipulators do not meet our size, positioning, or environmental specifications. Currently, a robot with 20 μm dynamic positioning uncertainty is functioning at the APS for cryogenic crystallography sample pick-and-place operation. Theoretical, computational and experimental procedures are being used to (1) identify and (2) simulate the dynamics of the present robot system using a multibody approach, including the mechanics and control architecture, and eventually to (3) design an improved version with a 1 μm dynamic positioning uncertainty. We expect that the preceding experimental and theoretical techniques will be useful design and analysis tools as multi-degree-of-freedom manipulators become more prevalent on synchrotron beamlines.

Self-organization and positioning of bacterial protein clusters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Murray, Seán M.; Sourjik, Victor

2017-10-01

Many cellular processes require proteins to be precisely positioned within the cell. In some cases this can be attributed to passive mechanisms such as recruitment by other proteins in the cell or by exploiting the curvature of the membrane. However, in bacteria, active self-positioning is likely to play a role in multiple processes, including the positioning of the future site of cell division and cytoplasmic protein clusters. How can such dynamic clusters be formed and positioned? Here, we present a model for the self-organization and positioning of dynamic protein clusters into regularly repeating patterns based on a phase-locked Turing pattern. A single peak in the concentration is always positioned at the midpoint of the model cell, and two peaks are positioned at the midpoint of each half. Furthermore, domain growth results in peak splitting and pattern doubling. We argue that the model may explain the regular positioning of the highly conserved structural maintenance of chromosomes complexes on the bacterial nucleoid and that it provides an attractive mechanism for the self-positioning of dynamic protein clusters in other systems.

Zeno subspace in quantum-walk dynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chandrashekar, C. M.

2010-11-01

We investigate discrete-time quantum-walk evolution under the influence of periodic measurements in position subspace. The undisturbed survival probability of the particle at the position subspace P(0,t) is compared with the survival probability after frequent (n) measurements at interval τ=t/n, P(0,τ)n. We show that P(0,τ)n>P(0,t) leads to the quantum Zeno effect in position subspace when a parameter θ in the quantum coin operations and frequency of measurements is greater than the critical value, θ>θc and n>nc. This Zeno effect in the subspace preserves the dynamics in coin Hilbert space of the walk dynamics and has the potential to play a significant role in quantum tasks such as preserving the quantum state of the particle at any particular position, and to understand the Zeno dynamics in a multidimensional system that is highly transient in nature.

New method to improve dynamic stiffness of electro-hydraulic servo systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bai, Yanhong; Quan, Long

2013-09-01

Most current researches working on improving stiffness focus on the application of control theories. But controller in closed-loop hydraulic control system takes effect only after the controlled position is deviated, so the control action is lagged. Thus dynamic performance against force disturbance and dynamic load stiffness can’t be improved evidently by advanced control algorithms. In this paper, the elementary principle of maintaining piston position unchanged under sudden external force load change by charging additional oil is analyzed. On this basis, the conception of raising dynamic stiffness of electro hydraulic position servo system by flow feedforward compensation is put forward. And a scheme using double servo valves to realize flow feedforward compensation is presented, in which another fast response servo valve is added to the regular electro hydraulic servo system and specially utilized to compensate the compressed oil volume caused by load impact in time. The two valves are arranged in parallel to control the cylinder jointly. Furthermore, the model of flow compensation is derived, by which the product of the amplitude and width of the valve’s pulse command signal can be calculated. And determination rules of the amplitude and width of pulse signal are concluded by analysis and simulations. Using the proposed scheme, simulations and experiments at different positions with different force changes are conducted. The simulation and experimental results show that the system dynamic performance against load force impact is largely improved with decreased maximal dynamic position deviation and shortened settling time. That is, system dynamic load stiffness is evidently raised. This paper proposes a new method which can effectively improve the dynamic stiffness of electro-hydraulic servo systems.

Sample selection, preparation methods, and the apparent tensile properties of silkworm (B. mori) cocoon silk.

PubMed

Reed, Emily J; Bianchini, Lindsay L; Viney, Christopher

2012-06-01

Reported literature values of the tensile properties of natural silk cover a wide range. While much of this inconsistency is the result of variability that is intrinsic to silk, some is also a consequence of differences in the way that silk is prepared for tensile tests. Here we explore how measured mechanical properties of Bombyx mori cocoon silk are affected by two intrinsic factors (the location from which the silk is collected within the cocoon, and the color of the silk), and two extrinsic factors (the storage conditions prior to testing, and different styles of reeling the fiber). We find that extrinsic and therefore controllable factors can affect the properties more than the intrinsic ones studied. Our results suggest that enhanced inter-laboratory collaborations, that lead to standardized sample collection, handling, and storage protocols prior to mechanical testing, would help to decrease unnecessary (and complicating) variation in reported tensile properties. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

A compact ultra-clean system for deploying radioactive sources inside the KamLAND detector

DOE PAGES

Banks, T. I.; Freedman, S. J.; Wallig, J.; ...

2014-10-14

We describe a compact, ultra-clean device used to deploy radioactive sources along the vertical axis of the KamLAND liquid-scintillator neutrino detector for purposes of calibration. The device worked by paying out and reeling in precise lengths of a hanging, small-gauge wire rope (cable); an assortment of interchangeable radioactive sources could be attached to a weight at the end of the cable. All components exposed to the radiopure liquid scintillator were made of chemically compatible UHV-cleaned materials, primarily stainless steel, in order to avoid contaminating or degrading the scintillator. To prevent radon intrusion, the apparatus was enclosed in a hermetically sealedmore » housing inside a glove box, and both volumes were regularly flushed with purified nitrogen gas. Finally, an infrared camera attached to the side of the housing permitted real-time visual monitoring of the cable’s motion, and the system was controlled via a graphical user interface.« less

Notes on 'Bemächtigungstrieb' and Strachey's translation as 'instinct for mastery'.

PubMed

White, Kristin

2010-08-01

This short paper looks at Freud's use of the term 'Bemächtigungstrieb' and its translation by Strachey as 'instinct for mastery' when Freud was describing the motives behind his grandson's game with the wooden reel and string in Beyond the Pleasure Principle. The word 'Macht' [power], which is contained in the word 'Bemächtigung' points to Freud's difficult relationship with Alfred Adler, whose early theories on the aggressive drive and later theories on 'striving for power' were initially rejected by Freud. Looking at the changes in Freud's reception of Adlerian terms, some of which he later integrated into his own theory, throws light on his choice of the word 'Bemächtigungstrieb' in 1920, when he was just beginning to introduce his thoughts on the death instinct. A slightly different translation of the word 'Bemächtigungstrieb', one which takes these historical and theoretical aspects into account, could make these connections clearer for the English reader. Copyright © 2010 Institute of Psychoanalysis.

Scientific and technical applications of a tethered satellite system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Snoddy, W. C.

1979-01-01

A Shuttle-borne tether system capable of deploying a tether to radial distances as great as 100 km was described by Rupp and Laue (1978). The system as discussed by Rupp and Laue would have a total mass of 700 kg and would be mounted on one Shuttle pallet. It would consist of a tether reel mechanism complete with a servo drive motor and control sensors, a boom with docking probe used for initial deployment and subsequent retrieval, some type of satellite weighing 175 kg, up to 100 km of synthetic or metallic tether approximately 1 mm in diameter, a digital control computer, and a control and display panel on the Orbiter aft flight deck for crew operation. The primary use of a tether system for geological applications would be in the measurement of those magnetic and gravitational fields associated with geological structures. The major appeal in connection with atmospheric applications is the system's ability to extend instrumentation down into the lower thermosphere and possibly the mesosphere.

Tethered Satellite System Project Overview

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Laue, J. H.

1985-01-01

The Skyhook concept is reviewed and the use of a tethered satellite system (TSS) to enable scientific investigations from the shuttle using a closed loop control system is examined. The tethered satellite system has capabilities for deployment toward or away from Earth, for multiple round trip missions, and for deployment at distances up to 100 KN from the orbiter. The deployer, which consists of an entendable boom, a reel for the tether, and the tether itself, permits deployment and retrieval at a safe distance, allows alignment of the force vector of the tether through the center of gravity of the shuttle, and gives some initial gravity gradient separation to aid in deployment and ultimate retrieval of the tethered satellite. Charts show TSS activities in terms of systems studies, key guidelines, Italian and U.S. responsibilities, user activities, and major science and applications accommodation features. Scientific objectives for TSS-1 and TSS-2 verification missions and the current status of the project are also given.

Cuba's Urban Landscape Needs a Second Round of Innovation for Health.

PubMed

Peña, Jorge

2015-07-01

Cuba's economy spiraled downward in the 1990s, reeling from the collapse of European socialism and a tightened US embargo. To mitigate the crash's drastic effects, measures were adopted that transformed our urban landscape, especially in large cities such as Havana, paradoxically linking the period to nascent health-promoting options. One of the most important was the introduction of bicycle lanes on city streets, paths daily ridden by people on the over one million bicycles imported to offset the nearly nonexistent public transport caused by fuel shortages. Second, urban gardens began to sprout up, involving urban dwellers in production of their own food, particularly vegetables. Without minimizing the impact of the crisis, these two seemingly disparate phenomena meant people were getting more exercise, consuming fewer fats and carbohydrates and more fresh vegetables. People were even breathing fresher air, with fewer CO2-belching trucks, old cars and buses on the streets and less diesel used to transport produce in from afar.

Fort Wayne, Muni, Indiana. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A-F.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-10-09

1-4 7 4R-S5 6.E S6 FETAL MEAN I DF I.REELS I I hIND N I .~ .? 1 9 .93.7 A.1 PcE 3 .1 .3 .213 9 .8 NI . . .3 . 1.6 P .9 ENE 1 ~ .2 1.3 .3 1.3 Ic. 7 L 5...11.2 3. 7 .9 22.R 13. 1 N 1 .1 2.6 .4 . 3 4 6. 7 9.6 NW I .5 2.2 1.1 .2 4.9 9.8 t: , 1.7 1.7 1.2 .1 6.5 p .6...1.2 . ,2 .0 12,7 II*- S .1 j1.9 6.1 0.2 .0 2.5 .1 21.A 1Z.8 bUW • . 1.2 2.1 I.p .5 .1 5. p 10.2 NW . 1.3 n .0 1.6 .3 .0 .2 9.7 NA .2 2.2 1, 3.3 ,2 .2 4,4

Social attention with real versus reel stimuli: toward an empirical approach to concerns about ecological validity

PubMed Central

Risko, Evan F.; Laidlaw, Kaitlin E. W.; Freeth, Megan; Foulsham, Tom; Kingstone, Alan

2012-01-01

Cognitive neuroscientists often study social cognition by using simple but socially relevant stimuli, such as schematic faces or images of other people. Whilst this research is valuable, important aspects of genuine social encounters are absent from these studies, a fact that has recently drawn criticism. In the present review we argue for an empirical approach to the determination of the equivalence of different social stimuli. This approach involves the systematic comparison of different types of social stimuli ranging in their approximation to a real social interaction. In garnering support for this cognitive ethological approach, we focus on recent research in social attention that has involved stimuli ranging from simple schematic faces to real social interactions. We highlight both meaningful similarities and differences in various social attentional phenomena across these different types of social stimuli thus validating the utility of the research initiative. Furthermore, we argue that exploring these similarities and differences will provide new insights into social cognition and social neuroscience. PMID:22654747

Technical and investigative support for high density digital satellite recording systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schultz, R. A.

1983-01-01

Recent results of dropout measurements and defect analysis conducted on one reel of Ampex 721 which was submitted for evaluation by the manufacturer are described. The results or status of other tape evaluation activities are also reviewed. Several changes in test interpretations and applications are recommended. In some cases, deficiencies in test methods or equipment became apparent during continued work on this project and other IITRI tape evaluation projects. Techniques and equipment for future tasks such as tape qualification are also recommended and discussed. Project effort and expenditures were kept at a relatively low level. This rate provided added development time and experience with the IITRI Dropout Measurement System, which is approaching its potential as a computer based dropout analysis tool. Another benefit is the expanded data base on critical parameters that can be achieved from tests on different tape types and lots as they become available. More consideration and effort was directed toward identification of critical parameters, development of meaningful repeatable test procedures, and tape procurement strategy.

Non-dynamic decimeter tracking of earth satellites using the Global Positioning System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yunck, T. P.; Wu, S. C.

1986-01-01

A technique is described for employing the Global Positioning System (GPS) to determine the position of a low earth orbiter with decimeter accuracy without the need for user dynamic models. A differential observing strategy is used requiring a GPS receiver on the user vehicle and a network of six ground receivers. The technique uses the continuous record of position change obtained from GPS carrier phase to smooth position measurements made with pseudo-range. The result is a computationally efficient technique that can deliver decimeter accuracy down to the lowest altitude orbits.

Symbolic dynamics of heart rate variability - a promising tool to investigate cardiac sympathovagal control in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

PubMed

Tonhajzerova, Ingrid; Farsky, Ivan; Mestanik, Michal; Visnovcova, Zuzana; Mestanikova, Andrea; Hrtanek, Igor; Ondrejka, Igor

2016-06-01

We aimed to evaluate complex cardiac sympathovagal control in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by using heart rate variability (HRV) nonlinear analysis - symbolic dynamics. We examined 29 boys with untreated ADHD and 25 healthy boys (age 8-13 years). ADHD symptoms were evaluated by ADHD-RS-IV scale. ECG was recorded in 3 positions: baseline supine position, orthostasis, and clinostasis. Symbolic dynamics indices were used for the assessment of complex cardiac sympathovagal regulation: normalised complexity index (NCI), normalised unpredictability index (NUPI), and pattern classification measures (0V%, 1V%, 2LV%, 2UV%). The results showed that HRV complexity was significantly reduced at rest (NUPI) and during standing position (NCI, NUPI) in ADHD group compared to controls. Cardiac-linked sympathetic index 0V% was significantly higher during all posture positions and cardiovagal index 2LV% was significantly lower to standing in boys suffering from ADHD. Importantly, ADHD symptom inattention positively correlated with 0V%, and negatively correlated with NCI, NUPI. Concluding, symbolic dynamics revealed impaired complex neurocardiac control characterised by potential cardiac beta-adrenergic overactivity and vagal deficiency at rest and to posture changes in boys suffering from ADHD that is correlated with inattention. We suggest that symbolic dynamics indices could represent promising cardiac biomarkers in ADHD.

Using a Feedback Environment to Improve Creative Performance: A Dynamic Affect Perspective.

PubMed

Gong, Zhenxing; Zhang, Na

2017-01-01

Prior research on feedback and creative performance has neglected the dynamic nature of affect and has focused only on the influence of positive affect. We argue that creative performance is the result of a dynamic process in which a person experiences a phase of negative affect and subsequently enters a state of high positive affect that is influenced by the feedback environment. Hierarchical regression was used to analyze a sample of 264 employees from seven industry firms. The results indicate that employees' perceptions of a supportive supervisor feedback environment indirectly influence their level of creative performance through positive affect (t2); the negative affect (t1) moderates the relationship between positive affect (t2) and creative performance (t2), rendering the relationship more positive if negative affect (t1) is high. The change in positive affect mediates the relationship between the supervisor feedback environment and creative performance; a decrease in negative affect moderates the relationship between increased positive affect and creative performance, rendering the relationship more positive if the decrease in negative affect is large. The implications for improving the creative performances of employees are further discussed.

High-rate RTK and PPP multi-GNSS positioning for small-scale dynamic displacements monitoring

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paziewski, Jacek; Sieradzki, Rafał; Baryła, Radosław; Wielgosz, Pawel

2017-04-01

The monitoring of dynamic displacements and deformations of engineering structures such as buildings, towers and bridges is of great interest due to several practical and theoretical reasons. The most important is to provide information required for safe maintenance of the constructions. High temporal resolution and precision of GNSS observations predestine this technology to be applied to most demanding application in terms of accuracy, availability and reliability. GNSS technique supported by appropriate processing methodology may meet the specific demands and requirements of ground and structures monitoring. Thus, high-rate multi-GNSS signals may be used as reliable source of information on dynamic displacements of ground and engineering structures, also in real time applications. In this study we present initial results of application of precise relative GNSS positioning for detection of small scale (cm level) high temporal resolution dynamic displacements. Methodology and algorithms applied in self-developed software allowing for relative positioning using high-rate dual-frequency phase and pseudorange GPS+Galileo observations are also given. Additionally, an approach was also made to use the Precise Point Positioning technique to such application. In the experiment were used the observations obtained from high-rate (20 Hz) geodetic receivers. The dynamic displacements were simulated using specially constructed device moving GNSS antenna with dedicated amplitude and frequency. The obtained results indicate on possibility of detection of dynamic displacements of the GNSS antenna even at the level of few millimetres using both relative and Precise Point Positioning techniques after suitable signals processing.

The intra-day dynamics of affect, self-esteem, tiredness, and suicidality in Major Depression.

PubMed

Crowe, Eimear; Daly, Michael; Delaney, Liam; Carroll, Susan; Malone, Kevin M

2018-02-21

Despite growing interest in the temporal dynamics of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), we know little about the intra-day fluctuations of key symptom constructs. In a study of momentary experience, the Experience Sampling Method captured the within-day dynamics of negative affect, positive affect, self-esteem, passive suicidality, and tiredness across clinical MDD (N= 31) and healthy control groups (N= 33). Ten symptom measures were taken per day over 6 days (N= 2231 observations). Daily dynamics were modeled via intra-day time-trends, variability, and instability in symptoms. MDD participants showed significantly increased variability and instability in negative affect, positive affect, self-esteem, and suicidality. Significantly different time-trends were found in positive affect (increased diurnal variation and an inverted U-shaped pattern in MDD, compared to a positive linear trend in controls) and tiredness (decreased diurnal variation in MDD). In the MDD group only, passive suicidality displayed a negative linear trend and self-esteem displayed a quadratic inverted U trend. MDD and control participants thus showed distinct dynamic profiles in all symptoms measured. As well as the overall severity of symptoms, intra-day dynamics appear to define the experience of MDD symptoms. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

76 FR 81957 - Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit Guidance Policy

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-29

... Purpose Dynamic Positioning Systems (DPSs), Emergency Disconnect Systems (EDSs), Blowout Preventers (BOPs..., ``Dynamically Positioned Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit (MODU) Critical Systems, Personnel and Training.'' We... association, business, labor union, etc.). You may review a Privacy Act, system of records notice regarding...

Method and apparatus for characterizing and enhancing the dynamic performance of machine tools

DOEpatents

Barkman, William E; Babelay, Jr., Edwin F

2013-12-17

Disclosed are various systems and methods for assessing and improving the capability of a machine tool. The disclosure applies to machine tools having at least one slide configured to move along a motion axis. Various patterns of dynamic excitation commands are employed to drive the one or more slides, typically involving repetitive short distance displacements. A quantification of a measurable merit of machine tool response to the one or more patterns of dynamic excitation commands is typically derived for the machine tool. Examples of measurable merits of machine tool performance include dynamic one axis positional accuracy of the machine tool, dynamic cross-axis stability of the machine tool, and dynamic multi-axis positional accuracy of the machine tool.

Dynamic Inversion based Control of a Docking Mechanism

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kulkarni, Nilesh V.; Ippolito, Corey; Krishnakumar, Kalmanje

2006-01-01

The problem of position and attitude control of the Stewart platform based docking mechanism is considered motivated by its future application in space missions requiring the autonomous docking capability. The control design is initiated based on the framework of the intelligent flight control architecture being developed at NASA Ames Research Center. In this paper, the baseline position and attitude control system is designed using dynamic inversion with proportional-integral augmentation. The inverse dynamics uses a Newton-Euler formulation that includes the platform dynamics, the dynamics of the individual legs along with viscous friction in the joints. Simulation results are presented using forward dynamics simulated by a commercial physics engine that builds the system as individual elements with appropriate joints and uses constrained numerical integration,

Pull-pull position control of dual motor wire rope transmission.

PubMed

Guo, Quan; Jiao, Zongxia; Yan, Liang; Yu, Qian; Shang, Yaoxing

2016-08-01

Wire rope transmission is very efficient because of the small total moving object mass. The wire rope could only transmit pulling force. Therefore it has to be kept in a tightened state during transmission; in high speed applications the dynamic performance depends on the rope's stiffness, which can be adjusted by the wire rope tension. To improve the system dynamic performance output, this paper proposes a novel pull-pull method based on dual motors connected by wire ropes, for precise, high speed position control applications. The method can regulate target position and wire rope tension simultaneously. Wire ropes remain in a pre-tightening state at all times, which prevents the influence of elasticity and reduces the position tracking error in the changing direction process. Simulations and experiments were conducted; the results indicate that both position precision and superior dynamic performance can be synchronously achieved. The research is relevant to space craft precision pointing instruments.

Differential dynamic microscopy of bidisperse colloidal suspensions.

PubMed

Safari, Mohammad S; Poling-Skutvik, Ryan; Vekilov, Peter G; Conrad, Jacinta C

2017-01-01

Research tasks in microgravity include monitoring the dynamics of constituents of varying size and mobility in processes such as aggregation, phase separation, or self-assembly. We use differential dynamic microscopy, a method readily implemented with equipment available on the International Space Station, to simultaneously resolve the dynamics of particles of radius 50 nm and 1 μm in bidisperse aqueous suspensions. Whereas traditional dynamic light scattering fails to detect a signal from the larger particles at low concentrations, differential dynamic microscopy exhibits enhanced sensitivity in these conditions by accessing smaller wavevectors where scattering from the large particles is stronger. Interference patterns due to scattering from the large particles induce non-monotonic decay of the amplitude of the dynamic correlation function with the wavevector. We show that the position of the resulting minimum contains information on the vertical position of the particles. Together with the simple instrumental requirements, the enhanced sensitivity of differential dynamic microscopy makes it an appealing alternative to dynamic light scattering to characterize samples with complex dynamics.

Gait analysis--precise, rapid, automatic, 3-D position and orientation kinematics and dynamics.

PubMed

Mann, R W; Antonsson, E K

1983-01-01

A fully automatic optoelectronic photogrammetric technique is presented for measuring the spatial kinematics of human motion (both position and orientation) and estimating the inertial (net) dynamics. Calibration and verification showed that in a two-meter cube viewing volume, the system achieves one millimeter of accuracy and resolution in translation and 20 milliradians in rotation. Since double differentiation of generalized position data to determine accelerations amplifies noise, the frequency domain characteristics of the system were investigated. It was found that the noise and all other errors in the kinematic data contribute less than five percent error to the resulting dynamics.

Wnt-regulated dynamics of positional information in zebrafish somitogenesis

PubMed Central

Bajard, Lola; Morelli, Luis G.; Ares, Saúl; Pécréaux, Jacques; Jülicher, Frank; Oates, Andrew C.

2014-01-01

How signaling gradients supply positional information in a field of moving cells is an unsolved question in patterning and morphogenesis. Here, we ask how a Wnt signaling gradient regulates the dynamics of a wavefront of cellular change in a flow of cells during somitogenesis. Using time-controlled perturbations of Wnt signaling in the zebrafish embryo, we changed segment length without altering the rate of somite formation or embryonic elongation. This result implies specific Wnt regulation of the wavefront velocity. The observed Wnt signaling gradient dynamics and timing of downstream events support a model for wavefront regulation in which cell flow plays a dominant role in transporting positional information. PMID:24595291

The dynamics of shared leadership: building trust and enhancing performance.

PubMed

Drescher, Marcus A; Korsgaard, M Audrey; Welpe, Isabell M; Picot, Arnold; Wigand, Rolf T

2014-09-01

In this study, we examined how the dynamics of shared leadership are related to group performance. We propose that, over time, the expansion of shared leadership within groups is related to growth in group trust. In turn, growth in group trust is related to performance improvement. Longitudinal data from 142 groups engaged in a strategic simulation game over a 4-month period provide support for positive changes in trust mediating the relationship between positive changes in shared leadership and positive changes in performance. Our findings contribute to the literature on shared leadership and group dynamics by demonstrating how the growth in shared leadership contributes to the emergence of trust and a positive performance trend over time. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved.

Nondynamic Tracking Using The Global Positioning System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yunck, T. P.; Wu, Sien-Chong

1988-01-01

Report describes technique for using Global Positioning System (GPS) to determine position of low Earth orbiter without need for dynamic models. Differential observing strategy requires GPS receiver on user vehicle and network of six ground receivers. Computationally efficient technique delivers decimeter accuracy on orbits down to lowest altitudes. New technique nondynamic long-arc strategy having potential for accuracy of best dynamic techniques while retaining much of computational simplicity of geometric techniques.

Learning dynamic control of body yaw orientation.

PubMed

Vimal, Vivekanand Pandey; Lackner, James R; DiZio, Paul

2018-05-01

To investigate the role of gravitational cues in the learning of a dynamic balancing task, we placed blindfolded subjects in a device programmed with inverted pendulum dynamics about the yaw axis. Subjects used a joystick to try and maintain a stable orientation at the direction of balance during 20 100 s-long trials. They pressed a trigger button on the joystick to indicate whenever they felt at the direction of balance. Three groups of ten subjects each participated. One group balanced with their body and the yaw axis vertical, and thus did not have gravitational cues to help them to determine their angular position. They showed minimal learning, inaccurate indications of the direction of balance, and a characteristic pattern of positional drifting away from the balance point. A second group balanced with the yaw axis pitched 45° from the gravitational vertical and had gravity relevant position cues. The third group balanced with their yaw axis horizontal where they had gravity-dependent cues about body position in yaw. Groups 2 and 3 showed better initial balancing performance and more learning across trials than Group 1. These results indicate that in the absence of vision, the integration of transient semicircular canal and somatosensory signals about angular acceleration is insufficient for determining angular position during dynamic balancing; direct position-dependent gravity cues are necessary.

Relative Orientation and Position Detections Based on an RGB-D Sensor and Dynamic Cooperation Strategies for Jumping Sensor Nodes Recycling

PubMed Central

Zhang, Jun; Yang, Xi; Song, Guang-Ming; Chen, Tian-Yuan; Zhang, Yong

2015-01-01

This paper presents relative orientation and position detection methods for jumping sensor nodes (JSNs) recycling. The methods are based on motion captures of the JSNs by an RGB-D sensor mounted on a carrier robot and the dynamic cooperation between the carrier and the JSNs. A disc-like label with two different colored sides is mounted on the top of the JSNs. The RGB-D sensor can detect the motion of the label to calculate the orientations and positions of the JSNs and the carrier relative to each other. After the orientations and positions have been detected, the JSNs jump into a cabin mounted on the carrier in dynamic cooperation with the carrier for recycling. The performances of the proposed methods are tested with a prototype system. The results show that the carrier can detect a JSN from up to 2 m away and sense its relative orientation and position successfully. The errors of the JSN’s orientation and position detections relative to the carrier could be reduced to the values smaller than 1° and 1 cm, respectively, by using the dynamic cooperation strategies. The proposed methods in this paper could also be used for other kinds of mobile sensor nodes and multi-robot systems. PMID:26393589

Instability of quantum equilibrium in Bohm's dynamics

PubMed Central

Colin, Samuel; Valentini, Antony

2014-01-01

We consider Bohm's second-order dynamics for arbitrary initial conditions in phase space. In principle, Bohm's dynamics allows for ‘extended’ non-equilibrium, with initial momenta not equal to the gradient of phase of the wave function (as well as initial positions whose distribution departs from the Born rule). We show that extended non-equilibrium does not relax in general and is in fact unstable. This is in sharp contrast with de Broglie's first-order dynamics, for which non-standard momenta are not allowed and which shows an efficient relaxation to the Born rule for positions. On this basis, we argue that, while de Broglie's dynamics is a tenable physical theory, Bohm's dynamics is not. In a world governed by Bohm's dynamics, there would be no reason to expect to see an effective quantum theory today (even approximately), in contradiction with observation. PMID:25383020

Tracking Ionic Rearrangements and Interpreting Dynamic Volumetric Changes in Two-Dimensional Metal Carbide Supercapacitors: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study.

PubMed

Xu, Kui; Lin, Zifeng; Merlet, Céline; Taberna, Pierre-Louis; Miao, Ling; Jiang, Jianjun; Simon, Patrice

2017-12-06

We present a molecular dynamics simulation study achieved on two-dimensional (2D) Ti 3 C 2 T x MXenes in the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([EMIM] + [TFSI] - ) electrolyte. Our simulations reproduce the different patterns of volumetric change observed experimentally for both the negative and positive electrodes. The analysis of ionic fluxes and structure rearrangements in the 2D material provide an atomic scale insight into the charge and discharge processes in the layer pore and confirm the existence of two different charge-storage mechanisms at the negative and positive electrodes. The ionic number variation and the structure rearrangement contribute to the dynamic volumetric changes of both electrodes: negative electrode expansion and positive electrode contraction. © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Using a Feedback Environment to Improve Creative Performance: A Dynamic Affect Perspective

PubMed Central

Gong, Zhenxing; Zhang, Na

2017-01-01

Prior research on feedback and creative performance has neglected the dynamic nature of affect and has focused only on the influence of positive affect. We argue that creative performance is the result of a dynamic process in which a person experiences a phase of negative affect and subsequently enters a state of high positive affect that is influenced by the feedback environment. Hierarchical regression was used to analyze a sample of 264 employees from seven industry firms. The results indicate that employees’ perceptions of a supportive supervisor feedback environment indirectly influence their level of creative performance through positive affect (t2); the negative affect (t1) moderates the relationship between positive affect (t2) and creative performance (t2), rendering the relationship more positive if negative affect (t1) is high. The change in positive affect mediates the relationship between the supervisor feedback environment and creative performance; a decrease in negative affect moderates the relationship between increased positive affect and creative performance, rendering the relationship more positive if the decrease in negative affect is large. The implications for improving the creative performances of employees are further discussed. PMID:28861025

Development and Testing of a Mobile Platform for Tank Remediation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nance, T.A.

2001-01-16

The Department of Energy (DOE) is committed to removing millions of gallons of high level radioactive waste from waste storage tanks at the Savannah River Site (SRS). SRS was the first site in the DOE complex to have emptied and closed high level waste tanks. Tank closure at the Site is now progressing to tanks containing waste composed of liquid and large deposits of solids, including a tank that has a potential ''heel''. A heel is a hardened mass of solid waste material spread across the tank bottom. Tank closure requires breaking up this heel and moving the material tomore » the intake of a pumping system for transfer from the tank. In the past, overhead spray systems have been used with some success at moving waste. But the limited number of risers restricts the coverage area of the overhead spray system. Therefore, a floor- level spray system will be used to separate manageable size chunks of the material from the heel. The chunks will be guided into the pump's intake to be remove from the tank. The floor-level spray system movement will be accomplished by using a mobile platform, a crawler, which provides transport to nearly every point on the tank floor. Transport of the spray system will allow the system to ''corral'' the waste away from the tank walls and control the movement of the material across the tank floor. Because the available access riser is small, and a wide crawler platform is required to support the spray system, the crawler's frame must fold to enter the tank. After entry into the tank, the crawler unfolds on the tank floor using the crawler drive tracks to expand the frame and position the mobile platform under the entry riser. The spray system will then be lowered separately through the entry riser and mated onto the crawler on the tank floor. The crawler and spray system are tethered and controlled remotely by personnel at the control station. Motorized cable reels will also be remotely controlled to pay out, retrieve, and manage the tethers as the mobile platform moves the spray system across the tank floor. Both the crawler and spray systems are designed to be retrievable. Development of the tank cleaning system was evaluated using a performance test program. The tests evaluated the spray system dynamics, the crawler's fit through the riser, the crawler landing in mocked up tank with simulant, the crawler's traction, and the crawler and spray system mating. Initial testing verified the crawler platform was compatible with the dynamics produced by the spray system. The riser fit test confirmed that a dedicated riser is required for deployment of the crawler and the spray system. The crawler traction test defined the capabilities of the crawler at different levels of simulant. Deployment testing through a mockup riser verified the basic system processes. Finally, testing of the complete system in a full-scale mockup with sludge simulant was performed to evaluate the tank cleaning ability of the crawler. This paper describes th e tank conditions, the tank closure process, the development of the crawler and spray system, and the testing program and results used to evaluate the mobile platform and spray system.« less

A review on bridge dynamic displacement monitoring using global positioning system and accelerometer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yunus, Mohd Zulkifli Mohd; Ibrahim, Nuremira; Ahmad, Fatimah Shafinaz

2018-02-01

This paper reviews previous research on bridge dynamic displacement monitoring using Global Positioning System (GPS) and an accelerometer for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of bridge. These include the review of the advantages and disadvantages of the measurement as well as the methodology of the measurements used in the recent research study. This review could provide a preliminary decision overview for students or researchers before initiating a research related to the bridge dynamic displacement monitoring.

Sub-diffusion and trapped dynamics of neutral and charged probes in DNA-protein coacervates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arfin, Najmul; Yadav, Avinash Chand; Bohidar, H. B.

2013-11-01

The physical mechanism leading to the formation of large intermolecular DNA-protein complexes has been studied. Our study aims to explain the occurrence of fast coacervation dynamics at the charge neutralization point, followed by the appearance of smaller complexes and slower coacervation dynamics as the complex experiences overcharging. Furthermore, the electrostatic potential and probe mobility was investigated to mimic the transport of DNA / DNA-protein complex in a DNA-protein complex coacervate medium [N. Arfin and H. B. Bohidar, J. Phys. Chem. B 116, 13192 (2012)] by assigning neutral, negative, or positive charge to the probe particle. The mobility of the neutral probe was maximal at low matrix concentrations and showed random walk behavior, while its mobility ceased at the jamming concentration of c = 0.6, showing sub-diffusion and trapped dynamics. The positively charged probe showed sub-diffusive random walk followed by trapped dynamics, while the negatively charged probe showed trapping with occasional hopping dynamics at much lower concentrations. Sub-diffusion of the probe was observed in all cases under consideration, where the electrostatic interaction was used exclusively as the dominant force involved in the dynamics. For neutral and positive probes, the mean square displacement ⟨R2⟩ exhibits a scaling with time as ⟨R2⟩ ˜ tα, distinguishing random walk and trapped dynamics at α = 0.64 ± 0.04 at c = 0.12 and c = 0.6, respectively. In addition, the same scaling factors with the exponent β = 0.64 ± 0.04 can be used to distinguish random walk and trapped dynamics for the neutral and positive probes using the relation between the number of distinct sites visited by the probe, S(t), which follows the scaling, S(t) ˜ tβ/ln (t). Our results established the occurrence of a hierarchy of diffusion dynamics experienced by a probe in a dense medium that is either charged or neutral.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

As the search for oil and gas continues into deeper and deeper waters, semisubmersibles and dynamically positioned vessels are becoming larger and more sophisticated. Efforts to reduce downtime resulting from foul weather are apparent in some new rigs designed to have improved motion characteristics. New offshore drilling rigs described include l) a buoy-shaped semisubmersible, the Big Bouy 6000 from the Trosvik Group of Norway, 2) a dynamically positioned drillship to be operated by the Dutch firm Neddrill, 3) Parker Drilling Co.'s helicopter-transportable platform rig, rated for 20,000 ft, 4) a dynamically positioned semisubmersible developed by French drilling contractor Forex Neptune,more » and 5) a reinforced-concrete semisubmersible, the Condrill concept, developed by Norwegian contractor A/S Hoyer-Ellefsen.« less

Childhood Obesity and Interpersonal Dynamics During Family Meals

PubMed Central

Rowley, Seth; Trofholz, Amanda; Hanson, Carrie; Rueter, Martha; MacLehose, Richard F.; Neumark-Sztainer, Dianne

2014-01-01

BACKGROUND: Family meals have been found to be associated with a number of health benefits for children; however, associations with obesity have been less consistent, which raises questions about the specific characteristics of family meals that may be protective against childhood obesity. The current study examined associations between interpersonal and food-related family dynamics at family meals and childhood obesity status. METHODS: The current mixed-methods, cross-sectional study included 120 children (47% girls; mean age: 9 years) and parents (92% women; mean age: 35 years) from low-income and minority communities. Families participated in an 8-day direct observational study in which family meals were video-recorded in their homes. Family meal characteristics (eg, length of the meal, types of foods served) were described and associations between dyadic (eg, parent-child, child-sibling) and family-level interpersonal and food-related dynamics (eg, communication, affect management, parental food control) during family meals and child weight status were examined. RESULTS: Significant associations were found between positive family- and parent-level interpersonal dynamics (ie, warmth, group enjoyment, parental positive reinforcement) at family meals and reduced risk of childhood overweight. In addition, significant associations were found between positive family- and parent-level food-related dynamics (ie, food warmth, food communication, parental food positive reinforcement) and reduced risk of childhood obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Results extend previous findings on family meals by providing a better understanding of interpersonal and food-related family dynamics at family meals by childhood weight status. Findings suggest the importance of working with families to improve the dyadic and family-level interpersonal and food-related dynamics at family meals. PMID:25311603

Fragile and Enduring Positive Affect: Implications for Adaptive Aging.

PubMed

Ong, Anthony D; Ram, Nilam

2017-01-01

There is robust evidence linking interindividual differences in positive affect (PA) with adaptive psychological and physical health outcomes. However, recent research has suggested that intraindividual variability or fluctuations in PA states over time may also be an important predictor of individual health outcomes. Here, we report on research that focuses on PA level and various forms of PA dynamics (variability, instability, inertia, and reactivity) in relation to health. PA level refers to the average level of positive feelings. In contrast, PA dynamics refer to short-term changes in PA that unfold over time. We discuss how consideration of both PA level and PA dynamics can provide a framework for reconciling when high PA is conducive or detrimental to health. We conclude that more work on PA dynamics is needed, especially in combination with PA level, and suggest productive questions for future inquiry in this area. © 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Leading-process actomyosin coordinates organelle positioning and adhesion receptor dynamics in radially migrating cerebellar granule neurons

DOE PAGES

Trivedi, Niraj; Ramahi, Joseph S.; Karakaya, Mahmut; ...

2014-12-02

During brain development, neurons migrate from germinal zones to their final positions to assemble neural circuits. A unique saltatory cadence involving cyclical organelle movement (e.g., centrosome motility) and leading-process actomyosin enrichment prior to nucleokinesis organizes neuronal migration. While functional evidence suggests that leading-process actomyosin is essential for centrosome motility, the role of the actin-enriched leading process in globally organizing organelle transport or traction forces remains unexplored. Our results show that myosin ii motors and F-actin dynamics are required for Golgi apparatus positioning before nucleokinesis in cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) migrating along glial fibers. Moreover, we show that primary cilia aremore » motile organelles, localized to the leading-process F-actin-rich domain and immobilized by pharmacological inhibition of myosin ii and F-actin dynamics. Finally, leading process adhesion dynamics are dependent on myosin ii and F-actin. In conclusion, we propose that actomyosin coordinates the overall polarity of migrating CGNs by controlling asymmetric organelle positioning and cell-cell contacts as these cells move along their glial guides.« less

Leading-process actomyosin coordinates organelle positioning and adhesion receptor dynamics in radially migrating cerebellar granule neurons

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Trivedi, Niraj; Ramahi, Joseph S.; Karakaya, Mahmut

During brain development, neurons migrate from germinal zones to their final positions to assemble neural circuits. A unique saltatory cadence involving cyclical organelle movement (e.g., centrosome motility) and leading-process actomyosin enrichment prior to nucleokinesis organizes neuronal migration. While functional evidence suggests that leading-process actomyosin is essential for centrosome motility, the role of the actin-enriched leading process in globally organizing organelle transport or traction forces remains unexplored. Our results show that myosin ii motors and F-actin dynamics are required for Golgi apparatus positioning before nucleokinesis in cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) migrating along glial fibers. Moreover, we show that primary cilia aremore » motile organelles, localized to the leading-process F-actin-rich domain and immobilized by pharmacological inhibition of myosin ii and F-actin dynamics. Finally, leading process adhesion dynamics are dependent on myosin ii and F-actin. In conclusion, we propose that actomyosin coordinates the overall polarity of migrating CGNs by controlling asymmetric organelle positioning and cell-cell contacts as these cells move along their glial guides.« less

A Study of Vicon System Positioning Performance.

PubMed

Merriaux, Pierre; Dupuis, Yohan; Boutteau, Rémi; Vasseur, Pascal; Savatier, Xavier

2017-07-07

Motion capture setups are used in numerous fields. Studies based on motion capture data can be found in biomechanical, sport or animal science. Clinical science studies include gait analysis as well as balance, posture and motor control. Robotic applications encompass object tracking. Today's life applications includes entertainment or augmented reality. Still, few studies investigate the positioning performance of motion capture setups. In this paper, we study the positioning performance of one player in the optoelectronic motion capture based on markers: Vicon system. Our protocol includes evaluations of static and dynamic performances. Mean error as well as positioning variabilities are studied with calibrated ground truth setups that are not based on other motion capture modalities. We introduce a new setup that enables directly estimating the absolute positioning accuracy for dynamic experiments contrary to state-of-the art works that rely on inter-marker distances. The system performs well on static experiments with a mean absolute error of 0.15 mm and a variability lower than 0.025 mm. Our dynamic experiments were carried out at speeds found in real applications. Our work suggests that the system error is less than 2 mm. We also found that marker size and Vicon sampling rate must be carefully chosen with respect to the speed encountered in the application in order to reach optimal positioning performance that can go to 0.3 mm for our dynamic study.

The temporal dynamics of ambivalence: changes in positive and negative affect in relation to consumption of an "emotionally charged" food.

PubMed

Hormes, Julia M; Rozin, Paul

2011-08-01

Ambivalence is thought to impact consumption of food, alcohol and drugs, possibly via influences on craving, with cravers often being simultaneously drawn toward and repelled from ingestion. So far, little is known about the temporal dynamics of ambivalence, especially as it varies in relationship to consumption. Participants (n=482, 56.8% female) completed the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule prior to, immediately and 30 min after the opportunity to eat a bar of chocolate. Affective ambivalence was calculated based on the relative strengths of and discrepancy between ratings of positive and negative affect. Ambivalence peaked prior to a decision about consumption and subsequently decreased, whether or not the decision was in favor of or against consuming. Decreasing ambivalence was driven by a drop in positive affect over time; positivity decreased more rapidly in those who consumed chocolate. Findings represent a first step in characterizing the dynamics of ambivalence in interactions with a target stimulus. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Construction and modelling of an inducible positive feedback loop stably integrated in a mammalian cell-line.

PubMed

Siciliano, Velia; Menolascina, Filippo; Marucci, Lucia; Fracassi, Chiara; Garzilli, Immacolata; Moretti, Maria Nicoletta; di Bernardo, Diego

2011-06-01

Understanding the relationship between topology and dynamics of transcriptional regulatory networks in mammalian cells is essential to elucidate the biology of complex regulatory and signaling pathways. Here, we characterised, via a synthetic biology approach, a transcriptional positive feedback loop (PFL) by generating a clonal population of mammalian cells (CHO) carrying a stable integration of the construct. The PFL network consists of the Tetracycline-controlled transactivator (tTA), whose expression is regulated by a tTA responsive promoter (CMV-TET), thus giving rise to a positive feedback. The same CMV-TET promoter drives also the expression of a destabilised yellow fluorescent protein (d2EYFP), thus the dynamic behaviour can be followed by time-lapse microscopy. The PFL network was compared to an engineered version of the network lacking the positive feedback loop (NOPFL), by expressing the tTA mRNA from a constitutive promoter. Doxycycline was used to repress tTA activation (switch off), and the resulting changes in fluorescence intensity for both the PFL and NOPFL networks were followed for up to 43 h. We observed a striking difference in the dynamics of the PFL and NOPFL networks. Using non-linear dynamical models, able to recapitulate experimental observations, we demonstrated a link between network topology and network dynamics. Namely, transcriptional positive autoregulation can significantly slow down the "switch off" times, as compared to the non-autoregulated system. Doxycycline concentration can modulate the response times of the PFL, whereas the NOPFL always switches off with the same dynamics. Moreover, the PFL can exhibit bistability for a range of Doxycycline concentrations. Since the PFL motif is often found in naturally occurring transcriptional and signaling pathways, we believe our work can be instrumental to characterise their behaviour.

Geodetic positioning using a global positioning system of satellites

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fell, P. J.

1980-01-01

Geodetic positioning using range, integrated Doppler, and interferometric observations from a constellation of twenty-four Global Positioning System satellites is analyzed. A summary of the proposals for geodetic positioning and baseline determination is given which includes a description of measurement techniques and comments on rank deficiency and error sources. An analysis of variance comparison of range, Doppler, and interferometric time delay to determine their relative geometric strength for baseline determination is included. An analytic examination to the effect of a priori constraints on positioning using simultaneous observations from two stations is presented. Dynamic point positioning and baseline determination using range and Doppler is examined in detail. Models for the error sources influencing dynamic positioning are developed. Included is a discussion of atomic clock stability, and range and Doppler observation error statistics based on random correlated atomic clock error are derived.

Simulation of longitudinal dynamics of long freight trains in positioning operations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qi, Zhaohui; Huang, Zhihao; Kong, Xianchao

2012-09-01

Positioning operations are performed in a railway goods yard, in which the freight train is pulled precisely at a specific point by a positioner. The positioner moves strictly according to the predesigned speed and provides all the traction and braking forces which are highly dependent on the longitudinal dynamic response. In order to improve the efficiency and protect the wagons from damage during positioning operations, the design speed of the positioner has to be optimised based on the simulation of longitudinal train dynamics. However, traditional models of longitudinal train dynamics are not accurate enough in some aspects. In this study, we make some changes in the traditional theory to make it suitable for the study of long freight trains in positioning operations. In the proposed method, instead of the traction force on the train, the motion of the positioner is assumed to be known; more importantly, the traditional draft gear model with nonlinear spring and linear damping is replaced by a more detailed model based on the achievement of contact and impact mechanics; the switching effects of the resistance and the coupler slack are also taken into consideration. Numerical examples that deal with positioning operations on the straight lines, slope lines and curving lines are given.

[Mes differ by positioning: empirical testing of decentralized dynamics of the self].

PubMed

Mizokami, Shinichi

2013-10-01

The present study empirically tested the conceptualization of the decentralized dynamics of the self proposed by Hermans & Kempen (1993), which they developed theoretically and from clinical cases, not from large samples of empirical data. They posited that worldviews and images of the self could vary by positioning even in the same individual, and denied that the ego was an omniscient entity that knew and controlled all aspects of the self (centralized ego). Study 1 tested their conceptualization empirically with 47 university students in an experimental group and 17 as a control group. The results showed that the scores on the Rosenberg's self-esteem scale and images of the Mes in the experimental group significantly varied by positioning, but those in the control group did not. Similar results were found in Study 2 with a sample of 120 university students. These results empirically supported the conceptualization of the decentralized dynamics of the self.

Adaptive output feedback control of flexible-joint robots using neural networks: dynamic surface design approach.

PubMed

Yoo, Sung Jin; Park, Jin Bae; Choi, Yoon Ho

2008-10-01

In this paper, we propose a new robust output feedback control approach for flexible-joint electrically driven (FJED) robots via the observer dynamic surface design technique. The proposed method only requires position measurements of the FJED robots. To estimate the link and actuator velocity information of the FJED robots with model uncertainties, we develop an adaptive observer using self-recurrent wavelet neural networks (SRWNNs). The SRWNNs are used to approximate model uncertainties in both robot (link) dynamics and actuator dynamics, and all their weights are trained online. Based on the designed observer, the link position tracking controller using the estimated states is induced from the dynamic surface design procedure. Therefore, the proposed controller can be designed more simply than the observer backstepping controller. From the Lyapunov stability analysis, it is shown that all signals in a closed-loop adaptive system are uniformly ultimately bounded. Finally, the simulation results on a three-link FJED robot are presented to validate the good position tracking performance and robustness of the proposed control system against payload uncertainties and external disturbances.

Airplane automatic control force trimming device for asymmetric engine failures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stewart, Eric C. (Inventor)

1987-01-01

The difference in dynamic pressure in the propeller slipstreams as measured by sensors is divided by the freestream dynamic pressure generating a quantity proportional to the differential thrust coefficient. This quantity is used to command an electric trim motor to change the position of trim tab thereby retrimming the airplane to the new asymmetric power condition. The change in position of the trim tab produced by the electric trim motor is summed with the pilot's input to produce the actual trim tab position.

Pre-Mission Communication And Awareness Stratgies For Positive Group Functioning And Development: Analysis Of A Crew At The Mars Desert Research Station (MDRS) In Utah, USA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Allner, Matthew; Bishop, Sheryl; Gushin, Vadim; McKay, Chris; Rygalov, Vadim; Allner, Matthew

Introduction: Psychosocial group functioning has become an increased international focus of many space faring nations due to the recent shift in focus of colonizing the Moon and then preparing to travel to Mars and beyond. Purpose: This study investigates the effects of pre-mission communication and awareness strategies for positive group functioning in extreme environments as well as suggestive countermeasures to maintain positive group dynamic development in isolated and confined extreme (ICE) environments. The study is supported by both preand intra-mission management efforts, which included crewmember assessments at various mission phases (pre-, intra-, and end-mission). Methods: A six person heterogeneous American crew conducted a Mars simulation mission at the Mars Society's Mars Desert Research Station in Utah, USA in 2006 as part of a new NASA training program called Spaceward Bound. Participants were administered assessments of personality, personal and group identity/functioning, subjective stress, coping, and subjective motivation. All participants were also provided information (pre-mission) regarding past research and tendencies of group functioning, stressors, cognitive functioning, and mission mistakes from a mission phase analysis approach, to see if this would be a factor in positive group dynamic development. Results: Data collected and obtained by both assessment and journaling methods were both consistent and indicative of positive personalities desirable of expedition crews. Assessment data further indicated positive group cohesion and group interactions, along with supportive and strong leadership, all which led to positive personal and group experiences for crewmembers. Crewmembers all displayed low levels of competition while still reporting high motivation and satisfaction for the group dynamic development and the mission objectives that were completed. Journals kept by the crew psychologist indicated that crewmembers all felt that the pre-mission awareness of group dynamic development tendencies of past expedition crews was integral in maintaining crew cohesiveness throughout the mission. Crewmembers felt that raising the level of awareness, both preand intra-mission, served as a positive factor in the overall positive group dynamic development of the crew.

Portable device to assess dynamic accuracy of global positioning systems (GPS) receivers used in agricultural aircraft

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

A device was designed to test the dynamic accuracy of Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers used in aerial vehicles. The system works by directing a sun-reflected light beam from the ground to the aircraft using mirrors. A photodetector is placed pointing downward from the aircraft and circuitry...

Wave packet dynamics for a system with position and time-dependent effective mass in an infinite square well

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vubangsi, M.; Tchoffo, M.; Fai, L. C.

The problem of a particle with position and time-dependent effective mass in a one-dimensional infinite square well is treated by means of a quantum canonical formalism. The dynamics of a launched wave packet of the system reveals a peculiar revival pattern that is discussed. .

Drop dynamics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Elleman, D. D.

1981-01-01

The drop dynamics module is a Spacelab-compatible acoustic positioning and control system for conducting drop dynamics experiments in space. It consists basically of a chamber, a drop injector system, an acoustic positioning system, and a data collection system. The principal means of collecting data is by a cinegraphic camera. The drop is positioned in the center of the chamber by forces created by standing acoustic waves generated in the nearly cubical chamber (about 12 cm on a side). The drop can be spun or oscillated up to fission by varying the phse and amplitude of the acoustic waves. The system is designed to perform its experiments unattended, except for start-up and shutdown events and other unique events that require the attention of the Spacelab payload specialist.

Dynamic Motivational Processing of Antimarijuana Messages: Coactivation Begets Attention

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wang, Zheng; Solloway, Tyler; Tchernev, John M.; Barker, Bethany

2012-01-01

In the theoretical framework of dynamic motivational activation, this study reveals the dynamics of antimarijuana public service announcement (PSA) processing, especially the processing of co-occurring positive and negative content. It specifies the important role of endogenous feedback dynamics of the information processing system and teases them…

A dynamic model to determine vibrations in involute helical gears

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andersson, A.; Vedmar, L.

2003-02-01

A method to determine the dynamic load between two rotating elastic helical gears is presented. The stiffness of the gear teeth is calculated using the finite element method and includes the contribution from the elliptic distributed tooth load. To make sure that the new incoming contacts which are the main excitation source are properly simulated, the necessary deformation of the gears is determined by using the true geometry and positions of the gears for every time step of the dynamic calculation. This allows the contact to be positioned outside the plane of action. A numerical example is presented with figures that show the behaviour of the dynamic transmission error as well as the variation of the contact pressure due to the dynamic load for different rotational speeds.

Observations on the correlation between posture and jaw position: a pilot study.

PubMed

Bracco, P; Deregibus, A; Piscetta, R; Ferrario, G

1998-10-01

The aim of this pilot study was twofold. The first was to show a method for having an objective and dynamic analysis of body posture, evaluating weight distribution and its connections with different mandibular positions. The second was to verify if a neuromuscularly stimulated occlusal position, called myocentric occlusal position, is associated with a positive or negative postural charge. For the second aim a group of 20 subjects (including both males and females), was chosen. Posture of each subject was analyzed in three different conditions: centric occlusion, rest position and myocentric position. To evaluate the dynamic of posture a platform capable of measuring the weight on the feet supporting points and the related variations during time of observation and the swinging of body barycenter was used. The data showed that there is an improvement in the position of the barycenter from the centric occlusion to the myocentric position. Such an improvement can't be observed from the intercuspal position to the rest position. The results of this pilot study are discussed.

Power transmission studies for tethered SP-100

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bents, David J.

1988-01-01

The tether and/or transmission line connecting the SP-100 to space station presents some unorthodox challenges in high voltage engineering, power transmission, and distribution. The line, which doubles as a structural element of this unusual spacecraft, will convey HVDC from SP-100 to the platform in low Earth orbit, and environment where the local plasma is sufficient to cause breakdown of exposed conductors at potentials of only a few hundred volts. Its anticipated several years operation, and continuously accumulating exposure to meteoroids and debris, raises an increasing likelihood that mechanical damage, including perforation, will be sustained in service. The present concept employs an array of gas insulated solid wall aluminum coaxial tubes; a conceptual design which showed basic feasibility of the SP-100 powered space station. Practical considerations of launch, deployment and assembly have lead to investigation of reel deployable, dielectric insulated coaxial cables. To be competitive, the dielectric would have to operate reliably in a radiation environment under electrical stresses exceeding 50 kV/cm. The SP-100 transmission line high voltage interfaces are also considered.

Power transmission studies for tethered SP-100

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bents, David J.

1988-01-01

The tether and/or transmission line connecting the SP-100 to Space Station presents some unorthodox challenges in high voltage engineering, power transmission, and distribution. The line, which doubles as a structural element of this unusual spacecraft, will convey HVDC from SP-100 to the platform in low Earth orbit, and environment where the local plasma is sufficient to cause breakdown of exposed conductors at potentials of only a few hundred volts. Its anticipated several years operation, and continuously accumulating exposure to meteoroids and debris, raises an increasing likelihood that mechanical damage, including perforation, will be sustained in service. The present concept employs an array of gas insulated solid wall aluminum coaxial tubes; a conceptual design which showed basic feasibility of the SP-100 powered Space Station. Practical considerations of launch, deployment and assembly have led to investigation of reel deployable, dielectric insulated coaxial cables. To be competitive, the dielectric would have to operate reliably in a radiation environment under electrical stresses exceeding 50 kV/cm. The SP-100 transmission line high voltage interfaces are also considered.

Double-stranded DNA translocase activity of transcription factor TFIIH and the mechanism of RNA polymerase II open complex formation.

PubMed

Fishburn, James; Tomko, Eric; Galburt, Eric; Hahn, Steven

2015-03-31

Formation of the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) open complex (OC) requires DNA unwinding mediated by the transcription factor TFIIH helicase-related subunit XPB/Ssl2. Because XPB/Ssl2 binds DNA downstream from the location of DNA unwinding, it cannot function using a conventional helicase mechanism. Here we show that yeast TFIIH contains an Ssl2-dependent double-stranded DNA translocase activity. Ssl2 tracks along one DNA strand in the 5' → 3' direction, implying it uses the nontemplate promoter strand to reel downstream DNA into the Pol II cleft, creating torsional strain and leading to DNA unwinding. Analysis of the Ssl2 and DNA-dependent ATPase activity of TFIIH suggests that Ssl2 has a processivity of approximately one DNA turn, consistent with the length of DNA unwound during transcription initiation. Our results can explain why maintaining the OC requires continuous ATP hydrolysis and the function of TFIIH in promoter escape. Our results also suggest that XPB/Ssl2 uses this translocase mechanism during DNA repair rather than physically wedging open damaged DNA.

High-Toughness Silk Produced by a Transgenic Silkworm Expressing Spider (Araneus ventricosus) Dragline Silk Protein

PubMed Central

Kuwana, Yoshihiko; Sezutsu, Hideki; Nakajima, Ken-ichi; Tamada, Yasushi; Kojima, Katsura

2014-01-01

Spider dragline silk is a natural fiber that has excellent tensile properties; however, it is difficult to produce artificially as a long, strong fiber. Here, the spider (Araneus ventricosus) dragline protein gene was cloned and a transgenic silkworm was generated, that expressed the fusion protein of the fibroin heavy chain and spider dragline protein in cocoon silk. The spider silk protein content ranged from 0.37 to 0.61% w/w (1.4–2.4 mol%) native silkworm fibroin. Using a good silk-producing strain, C515, as the transgenic silkworm can make the raw silk from its cocoons for the first time. The tensile characteristics (toughness) of the raw silk improved by 53% after the introduction of spider dragline silk protein; the improvement depended on the quantity of the expressed spider dragline protein. To demonstrate the commercial feasibility for machine reeling, weaving, and sewing, we used the transgenic spider silk to weave a vest and scarf; this was the first application of spider silk fibers from transgenic silkworms. PMID:25162624

Italian aerospace company Alenia prepare TSS-1R in O&C

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1995-01-01

Employees of the Italian aerospace company Alenia Spazio S.p.A. prepare the Tethered Satellite System-1R (TSS-1R) that is one of two primary payloads scheduled to fly aboard the Orbiter Columbia during the STS-75 mission in early 1996 for a series of tests in the Operations and Checkout (O&C) Building. The TSS program is a joint venture between NASA and the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, or Italian Space Agency. The 'R' designation indicates a reflight. The TSS-1 flew aboard Atlantis during the STS-46 mission in July 1992 and achieved only a partial success when its tether reel mechanism became jammed after only approximately 840 feet of the 12-mile-long tether had been unwound as the satellite rose from its cradle in the orbiter's payload bay. Once deployed to the 12- mile height on the STS-75 mission, the satellite will be used to validate theories that such a system could possibly be used in the future to generate electrical power to power orbital systems, raise and lower spacecraft, study atmospheric conditions at several different heights and for many other applications.

High-toughness silk produced by a transgenic silkworm expressing spider (Araneus ventricosus) dragline silk protein.

PubMed

Kuwana, Yoshihiko; Sezutsu, Hideki; Nakajima, Ken-ichi; Tamada, Yasushi; Kojima, Katsura

2014-01-01

Spider dragline silk is a natural fiber that has excellent tensile properties; however, it is difficult to produce artificially as a long, strong fiber. Here, the spider (Araneus ventricosus) dragline protein gene was cloned and a transgenic silkworm was generated, that expressed the fusion protein of the fibroin heavy chain and spider dragline protein in cocoon silk. The spider silk protein content ranged from 0.37 to 0.61% w/w (1.4-2.4 mol%) native silkworm fibroin. Using a good silk-producing strain, C515, as the transgenic silkworm can make the raw silk from its cocoons for the first time. The tensile characteristics (toughness) of the raw silk improved by 53% after the introduction of spider dragline silk protein; the improvement depended on the quantity of the expressed spider dragline protein. To demonstrate the commercial feasibility for machine reeling, weaving, and sewing, we used the transgenic spider silk to weave a vest and scarf; this was the first application of spider silk fibers from transgenic silkworms.

A Social Movements' Perspective on Human Rights Impact of Mining Liberalization in the Philippines.

PubMed

Aytin, Andrew

2016-02-01

When it comes to minerals like gold, copper, or nickel, the Philippines ranks among the world's richest countries, but it has continued to perform poorly in terms of human and economic development. In the belief that foreign investments will bring development, the government in 1995 liberalized its mining industry allowing full foreign ownership and control of the mining activities. After almost two decades of mining liberalization, the country has never achieved its goal of development but is now reeling from the adverse impacts of large-scale corporate mining on the environment and lives of mining-affected communities. Moreover, human rights violations against anti-mining activists and environmental advocates have escalated at an alarming rate making the country one of the most dangerous places for land and environmental defenders. But social movements are now taking big steps to empower the people, especially the mining-affected communities, to confront the adverse impacts of corporate mining and to reverse the current path of the mining industry to one that aims to achieve national industrialization where national development is prioritized over transnational corporations' interests. © The Author(s) 2016.

Reeling in the textiles at Row Clothing Enterprises

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ridgley, H.

1997-12-01

While a handful of textile processing centers in operation today can date their roots back to the turn of this century or before, Row Clothing Enterprises (Baltimore) first opened its doors in 1985. Soon after, it climbed its way to becoming one of the premier textile processing businesses in the country. And what they want most of all is usable clothing--the discards of American secondhand clothing stores. The company exports 100% of the usable clothing it recovers paying institutions as much as $150 a ton for the material. Graders also sort the material into piles headed for the mutilating, ormore » fiber-shredding, machine. While not all the material is shredded, it does provide more opportunities for resale. Whatever Row cannot resell as clothing--because it is soiled or torn--gets processed into industrial wiping cloths, if it is cotton. Clothing made from wool and polyester is sent to woolen and polyester fiber mills to be made into new clothing. While 80% of Row`s wiper market is domestic, 80% of its fiber market is overseas.« less

The Reel Deal: Interpreting HST Multi-Epoch Movies of YSO Jets.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frank, Adam

2010-09-01

The goal of this proposal is to bring the theoretical interpretation of Young Stellar Object jets and their environments to a new level of realism. We propose to build on the results of a successful Cycle 16 observing proposal that has obtained 3rd epoch images of HH jets. We will use Adaptive Mesh Refinement MHD simulations {developed by our team} to carry forward a detailed program of modeling and interpretation of the time-dependent behavior revealed in the new, extended multi-epoch data set. Only with the third epoch observations can we explore forces: i.e. accelerations, decelerations and structural changes to develop an accurate understanding of physical processes occurring in hypersonic, magnetized jet flows. Our studies will allow us to characterize the jets and, therefore, make the crucial link with jet central engines. We note an innovative feature of our project is its link with laboratory astrophysical experiments of jets. Our analysis of the observations will be used to determine future laboratory experiments which will explore A?clumpyA? jet propagation issues.

ISS General Resource Reel

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1998-01-01

This video is a collection of computer animations and live footage showing the construction and assembly of the International Space Station (ISS). Computer animations show the following: (1) ISS fly around; (2) ISS over a sunrise seen from space; (3) the launch of the Zarya Control Module; (4) a Proton rocket launch; (5) the Space Shuttle docking with Zarya and attaching Zarya to the Unity Node; (6) the docking of the Service Module, Zarya, and Unity to Soyuz; (7) the Space Shuttle docking to ISS and installing the Z1 Truss segment and the Pressurized Mating Adapter (PMA); (8) Soyuz docking to the ISS; (9) the Transhab components; and (10) a complete ISS assembly. Live footage shows the construction of Zarya, the Proton rocket, Unity Node, PMA, Service Module, US Laboratory, Italian Multipurpose Logistics Module, US Airlock, and the US Habitation Module. STS-88 Mission Specialists Jerry Ross and James Newman are seen training in the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL). The Expedition 1 crewmembers, William Shepherd, Yuri Gidzenko, and Sergei Krikalev, are shown training in the Black Sea and at Johnson Space Flight Center for water survival.

Reeling in the damages: Harmful algal blooms' impact on Lake Erie's recreational fishing industry.

PubMed

Wolf, David; Georgic, Will; Klaiber, H Allen

2017-09-01

Lake Erie is one of the most valuable natural resources in the United States, providing billions of dollars in benefits each year to recreationalists, homeowners and local governments. The ecosystem services provided by Lake Erie, however, are under threat due to harmful algal blooms. This paper provides recreational damage estimates using spatially and temporally varying algae measures and monthly fishing permit sales collected between 2011 and 2014. Results indicate that fishing license sales drop between 10% and 13% when algal conditions surpass the World Health's Organization's moderate health risk advisory threshold of 20,000 cyanobacteria cells/mL. For Lake Erie adjacent counties experiencing a large, summer-long algal bloom, this would result in approximately 3600 fewer fishing licenses issued and approximately $2.25 million to $5.58 million in lost fishing expenditures. Our results show a discrete jump in reduced angling activity upon crossing this threshold, with limited additional impacts associated with more severe algal blooms. This suggests that policies aimed at eliminating, rather than mitigating, algal levels are most beneficial to the Ohio angling industry. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Design and upgrades for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey telescope's roll-off enclosure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leger, R. French; Long, Dan; Klaene, Mark A.

2003-02-01

The SDSS telescope is housed, when not in use, in a roll-off enclosure. This enclosure rolls away from the telescope a distance of 60 feet, leaving the telescope fully exposed for operations. Design considerations for wind and solar loading, thermal venting, conditioning and stability are reviewed. Originally, the enclosure had been constructed to minimize its surface area obstruction to the telescopes field of view. This design feature, however, offered little room to perform engineering tasks during non-operational time. An upgrade to the structure, in the form of raising the roof, was instituted. This improvement greatly enhanced the engineering and testing functions performed on the telescope, thereby increasing operational efficiency and the time allotted to engineering tasks. Problems maintaining and associated with weather sealing, lightning protection, truck wheel alignment, altitude effects on truck controllers and thermal conditioning are examined. Communication and electrical connections between stationary and moving elements of the enclosure are described. Two types of systems, to date, have been used one a reel and the other a slider system. Advantages and disadvantages of both are examined from the perspective of four years experience.

SPOT 4 space magnetic recorder mechanisms

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Borrien, A.; Vialatoux, E.; Lhermet, J. L.; Didier, A.

1990-01-01

The design of the SPOT 4 satellite will be quite different from the previous ones. The design of the new magnetic tape recorder, which was derived from industrial knowledge and mission requirements; the main technical characteristics of the recorder; and the mechanical subsystems of the recorder and their locations and contributions to the final performance are all discussed. The philosophy of the development program, required to achieve the desired performance and reliability for each flight model, is described, and information on the schedule and current development is presented. The components of the tape plate system, (the transmission belts, tape rollers of the recorders, and reel hub ball bearings) which are subjected to heavy mechanical operation, fatigue, and wear in the thermal environment of the mission, are discussed. For each of the components, a description of its function in the recorder is given, as well as the mechanical stress imposed during the various operational phases. The quality testing program, which was used to verify the design safety margins, is described. Finally, the first test results of a functioning model of the flight system are presented.

Bayesian integration of position and orientation cues in perception of biological and non-biological forms.

PubMed

Thurman, Steven M; Lu, Hongjing

2014-01-01

Visual form analysis is fundamental to shape perception and likely plays a central role in perception of more complex dynamic shapes, such as moving objects or biological motion. Two primary form-based cues serve to represent the overall shape of an object: the spatial position and the orientation of locations along the boundary of the object. However, it is unclear how the visual system integrates these two sources of information in dynamic form analysis, and in particular how the brain resolves ambiguities due to sensory uncertainty and/or cue conflict. In the current study, we created animations of sparsely-sampled dynamic objects (human walkers or rotating squares) comprised of oriented Gabor patches in which orientation could either coincide or conflict with information provided by position cues. When the cues were incongruent, we found a characteristic trade-off between position and orientation information whereby position cues increasingly dominated perception as the relative uncertainty of orientation increased and vice versa. Furthermore, we found no evidence for differences in the visual processing of biological and non-biological objects, casting doubt on the claim that biological motion may be specialized in the human brain, at least in specific terms of form analysis. To explain these behavioral results quantitatively, we adopt a probabilistic template-matching model that uses Bayesian inference within local modules to estimate object shape separately from either spatial position or orientation signals. The outputs of the two modules are integrated with weights that reflect individual estimates of subjective cue reliability, and integrated over time to produce a decision about the perceived dynamics of the input data. Results of this model provided a close fit to the behavioral data, suggesting a mechanism in the human visual system that approximates rational Bayesian inference to integrate position and orientation signals in dynamic form analysis.

New Evidence for Strategic Differences between Static and Dynamic Search Tasks: An Individual Observer Analysis of Eye Movements

PubMed Central

Dickinson, Christopher A.; Zelinsky, Gregory J.

2013-01-01

Two experiments are reported that further explore the processes underlying dynamic search. In Experiment 1, observers’ oculomotor behavior was monitored while they searched for a randomly oriented T among oriented L distractors under static and dynamic viewing conditions. Despite similar search slopes, eye movements were less frequent and more spatially constrained under dynamic viewing relative to static, with misses also increasing more with target eccentricity in the dynamic condition. These patterns suggest that dynamic search involves a form of sit-and-wait strategy in which search is restricted to a small group of items surrounding fixation. To evaluate this interpretation, we developed a computational model of a sit-and-wait process hypothesized to underlie dynamic search. In Experiment 2 we tested this model by varying fixation position in the display and found that display positions optimized for a sit-and-wait strategy resulted in higher d′ values relative to a less optimal location. We conclude that different strategies, and therefore underlying processes, are used to search static and dynamic displays. PMID:23372555

Dynamic stability during running gait termination: Predictors for successful control of forward momentum in children and adults.

PubMed

Cesar, Guilherme M; Sigward, Susan M

2016-08-01

Reported differences between children and adults with respect to COM horizontal and vertical position to maintain dynamic stability during running deceleration suggest that this relationship may not be as important in children. This study challenged the current dynamic stability paradigm by determining the features of whole body posture that predicted forward velocity and momentum of running gait termination in adults and children. Sixteen adults and 15 children ran as fast as possible and stopped at pre-determined location. Separate regression analyses determined whether COM posterior and vertical positions and functional limb length (distance between COM and stance foot) predicted velocity and momentum for adults and children. COM posterior position was the strongest predictor of forward velocity and momentum in both groups supporting the previously established relationship during slower tasks. COM vertical position also predicted momentum in children, not adults. Higher COM position in children was related to greater momentum; consistent with previously reported differences between children and adults in COM position across running deceleration. COM vertical position was related to momentum but not velocity in children suggesting that strategies used to terminate running may be driven by demands imposed not just by velocity, but also the mass being decelerated. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier B.V.

ADEPT, a dynamic next generation sequencing data error-detection program with trimming

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Feng, Shihai; Lo, Chien-Chi; Li, Po-E

Illumina is the most widely used next generation sequencing technology and produces millions of short reads that contain errors. These sequencing errors constitute a major problem in applications such as de novo genome assembly, metagenomics analysis and single nucleotide polymorphism discovery. In this study, we present ADEPT, a dynamic error detection method, based on the quality scores of each nucleotide and its neighboring nucleotides, together with their positions within the read and compares this to the position-specific quality score distribution of all bases within the sequencing run. This method greatly improves upon other available methods in terms of the truemore » positive rate of error discovery without affecting the false positive rate, particularly within the middle of reads. We conclude that ADEPT is the only tool to date that dynamically assesses errors within reads by comparing position-specific and neighboring base quality scores with the distribution of quality scores for the dataset being analyzed. The result is a method that is less prone to position-dependent under-prediction, which is one of the most prominent issues in error prediction. The outcome is that ADEPT improves upon prior efforts in identifying true errors, primarily within the middle of reads, while reducing the false positive rate.« less

ADEPT, a dynamic next generation sequencing data error-detection program with trimming

DOE PAGES

Feng, Shihai; Lo, Chien-Chi; Li, Po-E; ...

2016-02-29

Illumina is the most widely used next generation sequencing technology and produces millions of short reads that contain errors. These sequencing errors constitute a major problem in applications such as de novo genome assembly, metagenomics analysis and single nucleotide polymorphism discovery. In this study, we present ADEPT, a dynamic error detection method, based on the quality scores of each nucleotide and its neighboring nucleotides, together with their positions within the read and compares this to the position-specific quality score distribution of all bases within the sequencing run. This method greatly improves upon other available methods in terms of the truemore » positive rate of error discovery without affecting the false positive rate, particularly within the middle of reads. We conclude that ADEPT is the only tool to date that dynamically assesses errors within reads by comparing position-specific and neighboring base quality scores with the distribution of quality scores for the dataset being analyzed. The result is a method that is less prone to position-dependent under-prediction, which is one of the most prominent issues in error prediction. The outcome is that ADEPT improves upon prior efforts in identifying true errors, primarily within the middle of reads, while reducing the false positive rate.« less

Precise orbit determination for NASA's earth observing system using GPS (Global Positioning System)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Williams, B. G.

1988-01-01

An application of a precision orbit determination technique for NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) using the Global Positioning System (GPS) is described. This technique allows the geometric information from measurements of GPS carrier phase and P-code pseudo-range to be exploited while minimizing requirements for precision dynamical modeling. The method combines geometric and dynamic information to determine the spacecraft trajectory; the weight on the dynamic information is controlled by adjusting fictitious spacecraft accelerations in three dimensions which are treated as first order exponentially time correlated stochastic processes. By varying the time correlation and uncertainty of the stochastic accelerations, the technique can range from purely geometric to purely dynamic. Performance estimates for this technique as applied to the orbit geometry planned for the EOS platforms indicate that decimeter accuracies for EOS orbit position may be obtainable. The sensitivity of the predicted orbit uncertainties to model errors for station locations, nongravitational platform accelerations, and Earth gravity is also presented.

Metabolic modeling of dynamic brain 13C NMR multiplet data: Concepts and simulations with a two-compartment neuronal-glial model

PubMed Central

Shestov, Alexander A.; Valette, Julien; Deelchand, Dinesh K.; Uğurbil, Kâmil; Henry, Pierre-Gilles

2016-01-01

Metabolic modeling of dynamic 13C labeling curves during infusion of 13C-labeled substrates allows quantitative measurements of metabolic rates in vivo. However metabolic modeling studies performed in the brain to date have only modeled time courses of total isotopic enrichment at individual carbon positions (positional enrichments), not taking advantage of the additional dynamic 13C isotopomer information available from fine-structure multiplets in 13C spectra. Here we introduce a new 13C metabolic modeling approach using the concept of bonded cumulative isotopomers, or bonded cumomers. The direct relationship between bonded cumomers and 13C multiplets enables fitting of the dynamic multiplet data. The potential of this new approach is demonstrated using Monte-Carlo simulations with a brain two-compartment neuronal-glial model. The precision of positional and cumomer approaches are compared for two different metabolic models (with and without glutamine dilution) and for different infusion protocols ([1,6-13C2]glucose, [1,2-13C2]acetate, and double infusion [1,6-13C2]glucose + [1,2-13C2]acetate). In all cases, the bonded cumomer approach gives better precision than the positional approach. In addition, of the three different infusion protocols considered here, the double infusion protocol combined with dynamic bonded cumomer modeling appears the most robust for precise determination of all fluxes in the model. The concepts and simulations introduced in the present study set the foundation for taking full advantage of the available dynamic 13C multiplet data in metabolic modeling. PMID:22528840

Retroreflector field tracker. [noncontact optical position sensor for space application

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wargocki, F. E.; Ray, A. J.; Hall, G. E.

1984-01-01

An electrooptical position-measuring instrument, the Retroreflector Field Tracker or RFT, is described. It is part of the Dynamic Augmentation Experiment - a part of the payload of Space Shuttle flight 41-D in Summer 1984. The tracker measures and outputs the position of 23 reflective targets placed on a 32-m solar array to provide data for determination of the dynamics of the lightweight structure. The sensor uses a 256 x 256 pixel CID detector; the processor electronics include three Z-80 microprocessors. A pulsed laser diode illuminator is used.

Do scientists and fishermen collect the same size fish? Possible implications for exposure assessment.

PubMed

Burger, Joanna; Gochfeld, Michael; Burke, Sean; Jeitner, Christian W; Jewett, Stephen; Snigaroff, Daniel; Snigaroff, Ronald; Stamm, Tim; Harper, Shawn; Hoberg, Max; Chenelot, Heloise; Patrick, Robert; Volz, Conrad D; Weston, James

2006-05-01

Recreational and subsistence fishing plays a major role in the lives of many people, although most Americans obtain their fish from supermarkets or other commercial sources. Fish consumption has generally increased in recent years, largely because of the nutritional benefits. Recent concerns about contaminants in fish have prompted federal and state agencies to analyze fish (especially freshwater fish targeted by recreational anglers) for contaminants, such as mercury and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and to issue fish consumption advisories to help reduce the public health risks, where warranted. Scientists engaged in environmental sampling collect fish by a variety of means, and analyze the contaminants in those fish. Risk assessors use these levels as the basis for their advisories. Two assumptions of this methodology are that scientists collect the same size (and types) of fish that fishermen catch, and that, for some contaminants (such as methylmercury and PCBs), levels increase with the size and age of the fish. While many studies demonstrate a positive relationship between size and mercury levels in a wide range of different species of fish, the assumption that scientists collect the same size fish as fishermen has not been examined. The assumption that scientists collect the same size fish as those caught (and eaten) by recreationalists or subsistence fishermen is extremely important because contaminant levels are different in different size fish. In this article, we test the null hypothesis that there are no differences in the sizes of fish collected by Aleut fishermen, scientists (including divers), and commercial trawlers in the Bering Sea from Adak to Kiska. Aleut fishermen caught fish using rod-and-reel (fishing rods, hook, and fresh bait) from boats, as they would in their Aleutian villages. The scientists collected fish using rod-and-reel, as well as by scuba divers using spears up to 90 ft depths. A fisheries biologist collected fish from a research/commercial trawler operated under charter to the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The fish selected for sampling, including those caught commercially in the Bering Sea, represented different trophic levels, and are species regularly caught by Aleuts while fishing near their villages. Not all fish were caught by all three groups. There were no significant differences in length and weight for five species of fish caught by Aleuts, scientists, and fisheries trawls, and for an additional 3 species caught only by the Aleut and scientist teams. There were small, but significant, differences in the sizes of rock greenling (Hexagrammos lagocephalus) and red Irish lord (Hemilepidotus hemilepidotus) caught by the scientist and Aleut fishermen. No scientists caught rock greenling using poles; those speared by the divers were significantly smaller than those caught by the Aleuts. Further, there were no differences in the percent of males in the samples as a function of fishing method or type of fishermen, except for rockfish and red Irish lord. These data suggest that if scientists collect fish in the same manner as subsistence fishermen (in this case, using fishing rods from boats), they can collect the same-sized fish. The implications for exposure and risk assessment are that scientists should either engage subsistence and recreational fishermen to collect fish for analysis, or mimic their fishing methods to ensure that the fish collected are similar in size and weight to those being caught and consumed by these groups. Further, total length, standard length, and weight were highly correlated for all species of fish, suggesting that risk assessors could rely on recreational and commercial fishermen to measure total lengths for the purpose of correlating mercury levels with known size/mercury level relationships. Our data generally demonstrate that the scientists and trawlers can collect the same size fish as those caught by Aleuts, making contaminant analysis, and subsequent contaminant analysis, representative of the risks to fish consumers.

How positive emotions build physical health: perceived positive social connections account for the upward spiral between positive emotions and vagal tone.

PubMed

Kok, Bethany E; Coffey, Kimberly A; Cohn, Michael A; Catalino, Lahnna I; Vacharkulksemsuk, Tanya; Algoe, Sara B; Brantley, Mary; Fredrickson, Barbara L

2013-07-01

The mechanisms underlying the association between positive emotions and physical health remain a mystery. We hypothesize that an upward-spiral dynamic continually reinforces the tie between positive emotions and physical health and that this spiral is mediated by people's perceptions of their positive social connections. We tested this overarching hypothesis in a longitudinal field experiment in which participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group that self-generated positive emotions via loving-kindness meditation or to a waiting-list control group. Participants in the intervention group increased in positive emotions relative to those in the control group, an effect moderated by baseline vagal tone, a proxy index of physical health. Increased positive emotions, in turn, produced increases in vagal tone, an effect mediated by increased perceptions of social connections. This experimental evidence identifies one mechanism-perceptions of social connections-through which positive emotions build physical health, indexed as vagal tone. Results suggest that positive emotions, positive social connections, and physical health influence one another in a self-sustaining upward-spiral dynamic.

Indirect rotor position sensing in real time for brushless permanent magnet motor drives

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ertugrul, N.; Acarnley, P.P.

1998-07-01

This paper describes a modern solution to real-time rotor position estimation of brushless permanent magnet (PM) motor drives. The position estimation scheme, based on flux linkage and line-current estimation, is implemented in real time by using the abc reference frame, and it is tested dynamically. The position estimation model of the test motor, development of hardware, and basic operation of the digital signal processor (DSP) are discussed. The overall position estimation strategy is accomplished with a fast DSP (TMS320C30). The method is a shaft position sensorless method that is applicable to a wide range of excitation types in brushless PMmore » motors without any restriction on the motor model and the current excitation. Both rectangular and sinewave-excited brushless PM motor drives are examined, and the results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method with dynamic loads in closed estimated position loop.« less

Equilibration of energy in slow–fast systems

PubMed Central

Shah, Kushal; Gelfreich, Vassili; Rom-Kedar, Vered

2017-01-01

Ergodicity is a fundamental requirement for a dynamical system to reach a state of statistical equilibrium. However, in systems with several characteristic timescales, the ergodicity of the fast subsystem impedes the equilibration of the whole system because of the presence of an adiabatic invariant. In this paper, we show that violation of ergodicity in the fast dynamics can drive the whole system to equilibrium. To show this principle, we investigate the dynamics of springy billiards, which are mechanical systems composed of a small particle bouncing elastically in a bounded domain, where one of the boundary walls has finite mass and is attached to a linear spring. Numerical simulations show that the springy billiard systems approach equilibrium at an exponential rate. However, in the limit of vanishing particle-to-wall mass ratio, the equilibration rates remain strictly positive only when the fast particle dynamics reveal two or more ergodic components for a range of wall positions. For this case, we show that the slow dynamics of the moving wall can be modeled by a random process. Numerical simulations of the corresponding springy billiards and their random models show equilibration with similar positive rates. PMID:29183966

The Neurodynamics of Affect in the Laboratory Predicts Persistence of Real-World Emotional Responses.

PubMed

Heller, Aaron S; Fox, Andrew S; Wing, Erik K; McQuisition, Kaitlyn M; Vack, Nathan J; Davidson, Richard J

2015-07-22

Failure to sustain positive affect over time is a hallmark of depression and other psychopathologies, but the mechanisms supporting the ability to sustain positive emotional responses are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the neural correlates associated with the persistence of positive affect in the real world by conducting two experiments in humans: an fMRI task of reward responses and an experience-sampling task measuring emotional responses to a reward obtained in the field. The magnitude of DLPFC engagement to rewards administered in the laboratory predicted reactivity of real-world positive emotion following a reward administered in the field. Sustained ventral striatum engagement in the laboratory positively predicted the duration of real-world positive emotional responses. These results suggest that common pathways are associated with the unfolding of neural processes over seconds and with the dynamics of emotions experienced over minutes. Examining such dynamics may facilitate a better understanding of the brain-behavior associations underlying emotion. Significance statement: How real-world emotion, experienced over seconds, minutes, and hours, is instantiated in the brain over the course of milliseconds and seconds is unknown. We combined a novel, real-world experience-sampling task with fMRI to examine how individual differences in real-world emotion, experienced over minutes and hours, is subserved by affective neurodynamics of brain activity over the course of seconds. When winning money in the real world, individuals sustaining positive emotion the longest were those with the most prolonged ventral striatal activity. These results suggest that common pathways are associated with the unfolding of neural processes over seconds and with the dynamics of emotions experienced over minutes. Examining such dynamics may facilitate a better understanding of the brain-behavior associations underlying emotion. Copyright © 2015 the authors 0270-6474/15/3510503-07$15.00/0.

Modulation of dynamic modes by interplay between positive and negative feedback loops in gene regulatory networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Liu-Suo; Li, Ning-Xi; Chen, Jing-Jia; Zhang, Xiao-Peng; Liu, Feng; Wang, Wei

2018-04-01

A positive and a negative feedback loop can induce bistability and oscillation, respectively, in biological networks. Nevertheless, they are frequently interlinked to perform more elaborate functions in many gene regulatory networks. Coupled positive and negative feedback loops may exhibit either oscillation or bistability depending on the intensity of the stimulus in some particular networks. It is less understood how the transition between the two dynamic modes is modulated by the positive and negative feedback loops. We developed an abstract model of such systems, largely based on the core p53 pathway, to explore the mechanism for the transformation of dynamic behaviors. Our results show that enhancing the positive feedback may promote or suppress oscillations depending on the strength of both feedback loops. We found that the system oscillates with low amplitudes in response to a moderate stimulus and switches to the on state upon a strong stimulus. When the positive feedback is activated much later than the negative one in response to a strong stimulus, the system exhibits long-term oscillations before switching to the on state. We explain this intriguing phenomenon using quasistatic approximation. Moreover, early switching to the on state may occur when the system starts from a steady state in the absence of stimuli. The interplay between the positive and negative feedback plays a key role in the transitions between oscillation and bistability. Of note, our conclusions should be applicable only to some specific gene regulatory networks, especially the p53 network, in which both oscillation and bistability exist in response to a certain type of stimulus. Our work also underscores the significance of transient dynamics in determining cellular outcome.

Pulsejet engine dynamics in vertical motion using momentum conservation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cheche, Tiberius O.

2017-03-01

The momentum conservation law is applied to analyse the dynamics of a pulsejet engine in vertical motion in a uniform gravitational field in the absence of friction. The model predicts the existence of a terminal speed given the frequency of the short pulses. The conditions where the engine does not return to the starting position are identified. The number of short periodic pulses after which the engine returns to the starting position is found to be independent of the exhaust velocity and gravitational field intensity for a certain frequency of pulses. The pulsejet engine and turbojet engine aircraft models of dynamics are compared. Also the octopus dynamics is modelled. The paper is addressed to intermediate undergraduate students of classical mechanics and aerospace engineering.

Using dynamic interferometric synthetic aperature radar (InSAR) to image fast-moving surface waves

DOEpatents

Vincent, Paul

2005-06-28

A new differential technique and system for imaging dynamic (fast moving) surface waves using Dynamic Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is introduced. This differential technique and system can sample the fast-moving surface displacement waves from a plurality of moving platform positions in either a repeat-pass single-antenna or a single-pass mode having a single-antenna dual-phase receiver or having dual physically separate antennas, and reconstruct a plurality of phase differentials from a plurality of platform positions to produce a series of desired interferometric images of the fast moving waves.

Mutational landscape of antibody variable domains reveals a switch modulating the interdomain conformational dynamics and antigen binding

PubMed Central

Koenig, Patrick; Lee, Chingwei V.; Walters, Benjamin T.; Janakiraman, Vasantharajan; Stinson, Jeremy; Patapoff, Thomas W.; Fuh, Germaine

2017-01-01

Somatic mutations within the antibody variable domains are critical to the immense capacity of the immune repertoire. Here, via a deep mutational scan, we dissect how mutations at all positions of the variable domains of a high-affinity anti-VEGF antibody G6.31 impact its antigen-binding function. The resulting mutational landscape demonstrates that large portions of antibody variable domain positions are open to mutation, and that beneficial mutations can be found throughout the variable domains. We determine the role of one antigen-distal light chain position 83, demonstrating that mutation at this site optimizes both antigen affinity and thermostability by modulating the interdomain conformational dynamics of the antigen-binding fragment. Furthermore, by analyzing a large number of human antibody sequences and structures, we demonstrate that somatic mutations occur frequently at position 83, with corresponding domain conformations observed for G6.31. Therefore, the modulation of interdomain dynamics represents an important mechanism during antibody maturation in vivo. PMID:28057863

Coupling of replisome movement with nucleosome dynamics can contribute to the parent-daughter information transfer.

PubMed

Bameta, Tripti; Das, Dibyendu; Padinhateeri, Ranjith

2018-06-01

Positioning of nucleosomes along the genomic DNA is crucial for many cellular processes that include gene regulation and higher order packaging of chromatin. The question of how nucleosome-positioning information from a parent chromatin gets transferred to the daughter chromatin is highly intriguing. Accounting for experimentally known coupling between replisome movement and nucleosome dynamics, we propose a model that can obtain de novo nucleosome assembly similar to what is observed in recent experiments. Simulating nucleosome dynamics during replication, we argue that short pausing of the replication fork, associated with nucleosome disassembly, can be a event crucial for communicating nucleosome positioning information from parent to daughter. We show that the interplay of timescales between nucleosome disassembly (τp) at the replication fork and nucleosome sliding behind the fork (τs) can give rise to a rich 'phase diagram' having different inherited patterns of nucleosome organization. Our model predicts that only when τp ≥ τs the daughter chromatin can inherit nucleosome positioning of the parent.

The dynamics of household dissolution and change in socio-economic position: A survival model in a rural South Africa

PubMed Central

Sartorius, Kurt; Sartorius, Benn KD; Collinson, Mark A; Tollman, Stephen M

2014-01-01

This paper investigates household dissolution and changes in asset wealth (socio-economic position) in a rural South African community containing settled refugees. Survival analysis applied to a longitudinal dataset indicated that the covariates increasing the risk of forced household dissolution were a reduction in socio-economic position (asset wealth), adult deaths and the permanent outmigration of more than 40% of the household. Conversely, the risk of dissolution was reduced by bigger households, state grants and older household heads. Significant spatial clusters of former refugee villages also showed a higher risk of dissolution after 20 years of permanent residence. A discussion of the dynamics of dissolution showed how an outflow/inflow of household assets (socio-economic position) was precipitated by each of the selected covariates. The paper shows how an understanding of the dynamics of forced household dissolution, combined with the use of geo-spatial mapping, can inform inter-disciplinary policy in a rural community. PMID:25937697

Control method and system for hydraulic machines employing a dynamic joint motion model

DOEpatents

Danko, George [Reno, NV

2011-11-22

A control method and system for controlling a hydraulically actuated mechanical arm to perform a task, the mechanical arm optionally being a hydraulically actuated excavator arm. The method can include determining a dynamic model of the motion of the hydraulic arm for each hydraulic arm link by relating the input signal vector for each respective link to the output signal vector for the same link. Also the method can include determining an error signal for each link as the weighted sum of the differences between a measured position and a reference position and between the time derivatives of the measured position and the time derivatives of the reference position for each respective link. The weights used in the determination of the error signal can be determined from the constant coefficients of the dynamic model. The error signal can be applied in a closed negative feedback control loop to diminish or eliminate the error signal for each respective link.

The dynamics of household dissolution and change in socio-economic position: A survival model in a rural South Africa.

PubMed

Sartorius, Kurt; Sartorius, Benn Kd; Collinson, Mark A; Tollman, Stephen M

2014-11-02

This paper investigates household dissolution and changes in asset wealth (socio-economic position) in a rural South African community containing settled refugees. Survival analysis applied to a longitudinal dataset indicated that the covariates increasing the risk of forced household dissolution were a reduction in socio-economic position (asset wealth), adult deaths and the permanent outmigration of more than 40% of the household. Conversely, the risk of dissolution was reduced by bigger households, state grants and older household heads. Significant spatial clusters of former refugee villages also showed a higher risk of dissolution after 20 years of permanent residence. A discussion of the dynamics of dissolution showed how an outflow/inflow of household assets (socio-economic position) was precipitated by each of the selected covariates. The paper shows how an understanding of the dynamics of forced household dissolution, combined with the use of geo-spatial mapping, can inform inter-disciplinary policy in a rural community.

Early Dynamic 68Ga-DOTA-D-Phe1-Tyr3-Octreotide PET/CT in Patients With Hepatic Metastases of Neuroendocrine Tumors.

PubMed

Sänger, Philipp Wilhelm; Freesmeyer, Martin

2016-06-01

Whole-body PET with Ga-DOTA-D-Phe-Tyr-octreotide (Ga-DOTATOC) and contrast-enhanced CT (ceCT) are considered a standard for the staging of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). This study sought to verify whether early dynamic (ed) Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT can reliably detect liver metastases of NETs (hypervascular, nonhypervascular; positive or negative for somatostatin receptors) and to verify if the receptor positivity has a significant impact on the detection of tumor hypervascularization. Twenty-seven patients with NET were studied by ceCT and standard whole-body PET according to established Ga-DOTATOC protocols. In addition, edPET data were obtained by continuous scanning during the first 300 seconds after bolus injections of the radiotracer. Early dynamic PET required an additional low-dose, native CT image of the liver for the purpose of attenuation correction. Time-activity and time-contrast curves were obtained, the latter being calculated by the difference between tumor and reference regions. Early dynamic PET/CT proved comparable with ceCT in readily identifying hypervascular lesions, irrespective of the receptor status, with activities rising within 16 to 40 seconds. Early dynamic PET/CT also readily identified nonhypervascular, receptor-positive lesions. Positive image contrasts were obtained for hypervascular, receptor-positive lesions, whereas early negative contrasts were obtained for nonhypervascular, receptor-negative lesions. The high image contrast of hypervascular NET metastases in early arterial phases suggests that edPET/CT can become a useful alternative in patients with contraindications to ceCT. The high density of somatostatin receptors did not seem to interfere with the detection of the lesion's hypervascularization.

Representing Causation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolff, Phillip

2007-01-01

The dynamics model, which is based on L. Talmy's (1988) theory of force dynamics, characterizes causation as a pattern of forces and a position vector. In contrast to counterfactual and probabilistic models, the dynamics model naturally distinguishes between different cause-related concepts and explains the induction of causal relationships from…

Global fast dynamic terminal sliding mode control for a quadrotor UAV.

PubMed

Xiong, Jing-Jing; Zhang, Guo-Bao

2017-01-01

A control method based on global fast dynamic terminal sliding mode control (TSMC) technique is proposed to design the flight controller for performing the finite-time position and attitude tracking control of a small quadrotor UAV. Firstly, the dynamic model of the quadrotor is divided into two subsystems, i.e., a fully actuated subsystem and an underactuated subsystem. Secondly, the dynamic flight controllers of the quadrotor are formulated based on global fast dynamic TSMC, which is able to guarantee that the position and velocity tracking errors of all system state variables converge to zero in finite-time. Moreover, the global fast dynamic TSMC is also able to eliminate the chattering phenomenon caused by the switching control action and realize the high precision performance. In addition, the stabilities of two subsystems are demonstrated by Lyapunov theory, respectively. Lastly, the simulation results are given to illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control method in the presence of external disturbances. Copyright © 2016 ISA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Configuring Airspace Sectors with Approximate Dynamic Programming

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bloem, Michael; Gupta, Pramod

2010-01-01

In response to changing traffic and staffing conditions, supervisors dynamically configure airspace sectors by assigning them to control positions. A finite horizon airspace sector configuration problem models this supervisor decision. The problem is to select an airspace configuration at each time step while considering a workload cost, a reconfiguration cost, and a constraint on the number of control positions at each time step. Three algorithms for this problem are proposed and evaluated: a myopic heuristic, an exact dynamic programming algorithm, and a rollouts approximate dynamic programming algorithm. On problem instances from current operations with only dozens of possible configurations, an exact dynamic programming solution gives the optimal cost value. The rollouts algorithm achieves costs within 2% of optimal for these instances, on average. For larger problem instances that are representative of future operations and have thousands of possible configurations, excessive computation time prohibits the use of exact dynamic programming. On such problem instances, the rollouts algorithm reduces the cost achieved by the heuristic by more than 15% on average with an acceptable computation time.

Living on the edge of chaos: minimally nonlinear models of genetic regulatory dynamics.

PubMed

Hanel, Rudolf; Pöchacker, Manfred; Thurner, Stefan

2010-12-28

Linearized catalytic reaction equations (modelling, for example, the dynamics of genetic regulatory networks), under the constraint that expression levels, i.e. molecular concentrations of nucleic material, are positive, exhibit non-trivial dynamical properties, which depend on the average connectivity of the reaction network. In these systems, an inflation of the edge of chaos and multi-stability have been demonstrated to exist. The positivity constraint introduces a nonlinearity, which makes chaotic dynamics possible. Despite the simplicity of such minimally nonlinear systems, their basic properties allow us to understand the fundamental dynamical properties of complex biological reaction networks. We analyse the Lyapunov spectrum, determine the probability of finding stationary oscillating solutions, demonstrate the effect of the nonlinearity on the effective in- and out-degree of the active interaction network, and study how the frequency distributions of oscillatory modes of such a system depend on the average connectivity.

Control of a flexible bracing manipulator: Integration of current research work to realize the bracing manipulator

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kwon, Dong-Soo

1991-01-01

All research results about flexible manipulator control were integrated to show a control scenario of a bracing manipulator. First, dynamic analysis of a flexible manipulator was done for modeling. Second, from the dynamic model, the inverse dynamic equation was derived, and the time domain inverse dynamic method was proposed for the calculation of the feedforward torque and the desired flexible coordinate trajectories. Third, a tracking controller was designed by combining the inverse dynamic feedforward control with the joint feedback control. The control scheme was applied to the tip position control of a single link flexible manipulator for zero and non-zero initial condition cases. Finally, the contact control scheme was added to the position tracking control. A control scenario of a bracing manipulator is provided and evaluated through simulation and experiment on a single link flexible manipulator.

Dynamic models to analyse the influence of the seat belt in a frontal collision

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oana, Oţăt; Nicolae, Dumitru; Ilie, Dumitru

2017-10-01

Traffic accidents are influenced by various factors, yet, the highest impacting ones are related to vehicle impact speed and collision type. Also, passive vehicle safety systems play a significant role upon the injuries suffered by vehicle occupants. Under the circumstances, a particularly important aspect to consider when using such systems is the position of the vehicle’s driver and its occupants. In what follows we embark upon an in-depth analysis in order to investigate the contact effects between the seat belt and the driver, under a dynamic regime. We set out to identify the variation of the kinematic and dynamic parameters for both the driver and the seat belt via comparative analyses between the normal position of the driver and some other out of position instances, considered as critical.

Use of multiple picosecond high-mass molecular dynamics simulations to predict crystallographic B-factors of folded globular proteins.

PubMed

Pang, Yuan-Ping

2016-09-01

Predicting crystallographic B-factors of a protein from a conventional molecular dynamics simulation is challenging, in part because the B-factors calculated through sampling the atomic positional fluctuations in a picosecond molecular dynamics simulation are unreliable, and the sampling of a longer simulation yields overly large root mean square deviations between calculated and experimental B-factors. This article reports improved B-factor prediction achieved by sampling the atomic positional fluctuations in multiple picosecond molecular dynamics simulations that use uniformly increased atomic masses by 100-fold to increase time resolution. Using the third immunoglobulin-binding domain of protein G, bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor, ubiquitin, and lysozyme as model systems, the B-factor root mean square deviations (mean ± standard error) of these proteins were 3.1 ± 0.2-9 ± 1 Å 2 for Cα and 7.3 ± 0.9-9.6 ± 0.2 Å 2 for Cγ, when the sampling was done for each of these proteins over 20 distinct, independent, and 50-picosecond high-mass molecular dynamics simulations with AMBER forcefield FF12MC or FF14SB. These results suggest that sampling the atomic positional fluctuations in multiple picosecond high-mass molecular dynamics simulations may be conducive to a priori prediction of crystallographic B-factors of a folded globular protein.

Virtual Passive Controller for Robot Systems Using Joint Torque Sensors

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Aldridge, Hal A.; Juang, Jer-Nan

1997-01-01

This paper presents a control method based on virtual passive dynamic control that will stabilize a robot manipulator using joint torque sensors and a simple joint model. The method does not require joint position or velocity feedback for stabilization. The proposed control method is stable in the sense of Lyaponov. The control method was implemented on several joints of a laboratory robot. The controller showed good stability robustness to system parameter error and to the exclusion of nonlinear dynamic effects on the joints. The controller enhanced position tracking performance and, in the absence of position control, dissipated joint energy.

A model for the dynamic behavior of financial assets affected by news: The case of Tohoku-Kanto earthquake

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ochiai, T.; Nacher, J. C.

2011-09-01

The prices of financial products in markets are determined by the behavior of investors, who are influenced by positive and negative news. Here, we present a mathematical model to reproduce the price movements in real financial markets affected by news. The model has both positive and negative feed-back mechanisms. Furthermore, the behavior of the model is examined by considering two types of noise. Our results show that the dynamic balance of positive and negative feed-back mechanisms with the noise effect determines the asset price movement.

A general framework for complete positivity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dominy, Jason M.; Shabani, Alireza; Lidar, Daniel A.

2016-01-01

Complete positivity of quantum dynamics is often viewed as a litmus test for physicality; yet, it is well known that correlated initial states need not give rise to completely positive evolutions. This observation spurred numerous investigations over the past two decades attempting to identify necessary and sufficient conditions for complete positivity. Here, we describe a complete and consistent mathematical framework for the discussion and analysis of complete positivity for correlated initial states of open quantum systems. This formalism is built upon a few simple axioms and is sufficiently general to contain all prior methodologies going back to Pechakas (Phys Rev Lett 73:1060-1062, 1994). The key observation is that initial system-bath states with the same reduced state on the system must evolve under all admissible unitary operators to system-bath states with the same reduced state on the system, in order to ensure that the induced dynamical maps on the system are well defined. Once this consistency condition is imposed, related concepts such as the assignment map and the dynamical maps are uniquely defined. In general, the dynamical maps may not be applied to arbitrary system states, but only to those in an appropriately defined physical domain. We show that the constrained nature of the problem gives rise to not one but three inequivalent types of complete positivity. Using this framework, we elucidate the limitations of recent attempts to provide conditions for complete positivity using quantum discord and the quantum data processing inequality. In particular, we correct the claim made by two of us (Shabani and Lidar in Phys Rev Lett 102:100402-100404, 2009) that vanishing discord is necessary for complete positivity, and explain that it is valid only for a particular class of initial states. The problem remains open, and may require fresh perspectives and new mathematical tools. The formalism presented herein may be one step in that direction.

Dynamic MRI evaluation of urethral hypermobility post-radical prostatectomy.

PubMed

Suskind, Anne M; DeLancey, John O L; Hussain, Hero K; Montgomery, Jeffrey S; Latini, Jerilyn M; Cameron, Anne P

2014-03-01

One postulated cause of post-prostatectomy incontinence is urethral and bladder neck hypermobility. The objective of this study was to determine the magnitude of anatomical differences of urethral and bladder neck position at rest and with valsalva in continent and incontinent men post-prostatectomy based on dynamic MRI. All subjects underwent a dynamic MRI protocol with valsalva and non-valsalva images and a standard urodynamic evaluation. MRI measurements were taken at rest and with valsalva, including (1) bladder neck to sacrococcygeal inferior pubic point line (SCIPP), (2) urethra to pubis, and (3) bulbar urethra to SCIPP. Data were analyzed in SAS using two-tailed t tests. A total of 21 subjects (13 incontinent and 8 continent) had complete data and were included in the final analysis. The two groups had similar demographic characteristics. On MRI, there were no statistically significant differences in anatomic position of the bladder neck or urethra either at rest or with valsalva. The amount of hypermobility ranged from 0.8 to 2 mm in all measures. There were also no differences in the amount of hypermobility (position at rest minus position at valsalva) between groups. We found no statistically significant differences in bladder neck and urethral position or mobility on dynamic MRI evaluation between continent and incontinent men status post-radical prostatectomy. A more complex mechanism for post-prostatectomy incontinence needs to be modeled in order to better understand the continence mechanism in this select group of men. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Relationship Between Respiratory Dynamics and Body Mass Index in Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia with Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) and Comparison Between Lithotomy and Supine Positions

PubMed Central

Zhao, Xiao; Huang, Shiwei; Wang, Zhaomin; Chen, Lianhua; Li, Shitong

2016-01-01

Background This study aimed to compare respiratory dynamics in patients undergoing general anesthesia with a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in lithotomy and supine positions and to validate the impact of operational position on effectiveness of LMA ventilation. Material/Methods A total of 90 patients (age range, 18–65 years) who underwent general anesthesia were selected and divided into supine position (SP group) and lithotomy position groups (LP group). Vital signs and respiratory dynamic parameters of the 2 groups were measured at different time points and after implantation of an LMA. The arterial blood gas was monitored at 15 min after induction. The intraoperative changes of hemodynamic indexes and postoperative adverse reactions of LMA were recorded. The possible correlation between body mass index (BMI) and respiratory dynamic indexes was analyzed. Results With prolonged duration of the operation, the inspiratory plateau pressure (Pplat), inspiratory resistance (RI), and work of breathing (WOB) gradually increased, while chest-lung compliance (Compl) and partial pressure of carbon dioxide in end-expiratory gas (PetCO2) gradually decreased (all P value <0.05). The mean airway pressure (Pmean), Pplat, and expiratory resistance (Re) in the LP group were significantly higher than in the SP group (P<0.05), while the peak inspiratory flow (FImax), peak expiratory flow (FEmax), WOB, and Compl in the LP group were significantly lower than in the SP group (P<0.05). BMI was positively correlated with peak airway pressure (PIP/Ppeak), Pplat, and airway resistance (Raw) and was negatively correlated with Compl; the differences among patients in lithotomy position were more remarkable (P<0.05). Conclusions The inspiratory plateau pressure and airway resistance increased with prolonged duration of the operation, accompanied by decreased chest-lung compliance. Peak airway pressure and airway resistance were positively correlated with BMI, and chest-lung compliance was negatively correlated with BMI. Changes among patients in lithotomy position were more remarkable than those in supine position. PMID:27476762

Analysis of Video-Based Microscopic Particle Trajectories Using Kalman Filtering

PubMed Central

Wu, Pei-Hsun; Agarwal, Ashutosh; Hess, Henry; Khargonekar, Pramod P.; Tseng, Yiider

2010-01-01

Abstract The fidelity of the trajectories obtained from video-based particle tracking determines the success of a variety of biophysical techniques, including in situ single cell particle tracking and in vitro motility assays. However, the image acquisition process is complicated by system noise, which causes positioning error in the trajectories derived from image analysis. Here, we explore the possibility of reducing the positioning error by the application of a Kalman filter, a powerful algorithm to estimate the state of a linear dynamic system from noisy measurements. We show that the optimal Kalman filter parameters can be determined in an appropriate experimental setting, and that the Kalman filter can markedly reduce the positioning error while retaining the intrinsic fluctuations of the dynamic process. We believe the Kalman filter can potentially serve as a powerful tool to infer a trajectory of ultra-high fidelity from noisy images, revealing the details of dynamic cellular processes. PMID:20550894

Computational Fluid Dynamics Assessment Associated with Transcatheter Heart Valve Prostheses: A Position Paper of the ISO Working Group.

PubMed

Wei, Zhenglun Alan; Sonntag, Simon Johannes; Toma, Milan; Singh-Gryzbon, Shelly; Sun, Wei

2018-04-19

The governing international standard for the development of prosthetic heart valves is International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 5840. This standard requires the assessment of the thrombus potential of transcatheter heart valve substitutes using an integrated thrombus evaluation. Besides experimental flow field assessment and ex vivo flow testing, computational fluid dynamics is a critical component of this integrated approach. This position paper is intended to provide and discuss best practices for the setup of a computational model, numerical solving, post-processing, data evaluation and reporting, as it relates to transcatheter heart valve substitutes. This paper is not intended to be a review of current computational technology; instead, it represents the position of the ISO working group consisting of experts from academia and industry with regards to considerations for computational fluid dynamic assessment of transcatheter heart valve substitutes.

The complex dynamics of wishful thinking: the critical positivity ratio.

PubMed

Brown, Nicholas J L; Sokal, Alan D; Friedman, Harris L

2013-12-01

We examine critically the claims made by Fredrickson and Losada (2005) concerning the construct known as the "positivity ratio." We find no theoretical or empirical justification for the use of differential equations drawn from fluid dynamics, a subfield of physics, to describe changes in human emotions over time; furthermore, we demonstrate that the purported application of these equations contains numerous fundamental conceptual and mathematical errors. The lack of relevance of these equations and their incorrect application lead us to conclude that Fredrickson and Losada's claim to have demonstrated the existence of a critical minimum positivity ratio of 2.9013 is entirely unfounded. More generally, we urge future researchers to exercise caution in the use of advanced mathematical tools, such as nonlinear dynamics, and in particular to verify that the elementary conditions for their valid application have been met. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved.

Local-feature analysis for automated coarse-graining of bulk-polymer molecular dynamics simulations.

PubMed

Xue, Y; Ludovice, P J; Grover, M A

2012-12-01

A method for automated coarse-graining of bulk polymers is presented, using the data-mining tool of local feature analysis. Most existing methods for polymer coarse-graining define superatoms based on their covalent bonding topology along the polymer backbone, but here superatoms are defined based only on their correlated motions, as observed in molecular dynamics simulations. Correlated atomic motions are identified in the simulation data using local feature analysis, between atoms in the same or in different polymer chains. Groups of highly correlated atoms constitute the superatoms in the coarse-graining scheme, and the positions of their seed coordinates are then projected forward in time. Based on only the seed positions, local feature analysis enables the full reconstruction of all atomic positions. This reconstruction suggests an iterative scheme to reduce the computation of the simulations to initialize another short molecular dynamic simulation, identify new superatoms, and again project forward in time.

Effect of DGPS failures on dynamic positioning of mobile drilling units in the North Sea.

PubMed

Chen, Haibo; Moan, Torgeir; Verhoeven, Harry

2009-11-01

Basic features of differential global positioning system (DGPS), and its operational configuration on dynamically positioned (DP) mobile offshore drilling units in the North Sea are described. Generic failure modes of DGPS are discussed, and a critical DGPS failure which has the potential to cause drive-off for mobile drilling units is identified. It is the simultaneous erroneous position data from two DGPS's. Barrier method is used to analyze this critical DGPS failure. Barrier elements to prevent this failure are identified. Deficiencies of each barrier element are revealed based on the incidents and operational experiences in the North Sea. Recommendations to strengthen these barrier elements, i.e. to prevent erroneous position data from DGPS, are proposed. These recommendations contribute to the safety of DP operations of mobile offshore drilling units.

Methods and systems for combustion dynamics reduction

DOEpatents

Kraemer, Gilbert Otto [Greer, SC; Varatharajan, Balachandar [Cincinnati, OH; Srinivasan, Shiva [Greer, SC; Lynch, John Joseph [Wilmington, NC; Yilmaz, Ertan [Albany, NY; Kim, Kwanwoo [Greer, SC; Lacy, Benjamin [Greer, SC; Crothers, Sarah [Greenville, SC; Singh, Kapil Kumar [Rexford, NY

2009-08-25

Methods and systems for combustion dynamics reduction are provided. A combustion chamber may include a first premixer and a second premixer. Each premixer may include at least one fuel injector, at least one air inlet duct, and at least one vane pack for at least partially mixing the air from the air inlet duct or ducts and fuel from the fuel injector or injectors. Each vane pack may include a plurality of fuel orifices through which at least a portion of the fuel and at least a portion of the air may pass. The vane pack or packs of the first premixer may be positioned at a first axial position and the vane pack or packs of the second premixer may be positioned at a second axial position axially staggered with respect to the first axial position.

Aspects and Some Results on Passivity and Positivity of Dynamic Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

De la Sen, M.

2017-12-01

This paper is devoted to discuss certain aspects of passivity results in dynamic systems and the characterization of the regenerative systems counterparts. In particular, the various concepts of passivity as standard passivity, strict input passivity, strict output passivity and very strict passivity (i.e. joint strict input and output passivity) are given and related to the existence of a storage function and a dissipation function. Later on, the obtained results are related to external positivity of systems and positivity or strict positivity of the transfer matrices and transfer functions in the time-invariant case. On the other hand, it is discussed how to achieve or how eventually to increase the passivity effects via linear feedback by the synthesis of the appropriate feed-forward or feedback controllers or, simply, by adding a positive parallel direct input-output matrix interconnection gain.

Six-Position, Frontal View Photography in Blepharoplasty: A Simple Method.

PubMed

Zhang, Cheng; Guo, Xiaoshuang; Han, Xuefeng; Tian, Yi; Jin, Xiaolei

2018-02-26

Photography plays a pivotal role in patient education, photo-documentation, preoperative planning and postsurgical evaluation in plastic surgeries. It has long been serving as a bridge that facilitated communication not only between patients and doctors, but also among plastic surgeons from different countries. Although several basic principles and photographic methods have been proposed, there is no internationally accepted photography that could provide both static and dynamic information in blepharoplasty. In this article, we introduced a novel six-position, frontal view photography for thorough assessment in blepharoplasty. From October 2013 to January 2017, 1068 patients who underwent blepharoplasty were enrolled in our clinical research. All patients received six-position, frontal view photography. Pictures were taken of the patients looking up, looking down, squeezing, smiling, looking ahead and with closed eyes. Conventionally, frontal view photography only contained the last two positions. Then, both novel six-position photographs and conventional two-position photographs were used to appraise postsurgical outcomes. Compared to conventional two-position, frontal view photography, six-position, frontal view photography can provide more detailed, thorough information about the eyes. It is of clinical significance in indicating underlying adhesion of skin/muscle/fat according to individual's features and assessing preoperative and postoperative dynamic changes and aesthetic outcomes. Six-position, frontal view photography is technically uncomplicated while exhibiting static, dynamic and detailed information of the eyes. This innovative method is favorable in eye assessment, especially for revision blepharoplasty. We suggest using six-position, frontal view photography to obtain comprehensive photographs. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Hybrid dynamic radioactive particle tracking (RPT) calibration technique for multiphase flow systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khane, Vaibhav; Al-Dahhan, Muthanna H.

2017-04-01

The radioactive particle tracking (RPT) technique has been utilized to measure three-dimensional hydrodynamic parameters for multiphase flow systems. An analytical solution to the inverse problem of the RPT technique, i.e. finding the instantaneous tracer positions based upon instantaneous counts received in the detectors, is not possible. Therefore, a calibration to obtain a counts-distance map is needed. There are major shortcomings in the conventional RPT calibration method due to which it has limited applicability in practical applications. In this work, the design and development of a novel dynamic RPT calibration technique are carried out to overcome the shortcomings of the conventional RPT calibration method. The dynamic RPT calibration technique has been implemented around a test reactor with 1foot in diameter and 1 foot in height using Cobalt-60 as an isotopes tracer particle. Two sets of experiments have been carried out to test the capability of novel dynamic RPT calibration. In the first set of experiments, a manual calibration apparatus has been used to hold a tracer particle at known static locations. In the second set of experiments, the tracer particle was moved vertically downwards along a straight line path in a controlled manner. The obtained reconstruction results about the tracer particle position were compared with the actual known position and the reconstruction errors were estimated. The obtained results revealed that the dynamic RPT calibration technique is capable of identifying tracer particle positions with a reconstruction error between 1 to 5.9 mm for the conditions studied which could be improved depending on various factors outlined here.

Counterbalance of cutting force for advanced milling operations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsai, Nan-Chyuan; Shih, Li-Wen; Lee, Rong-Mao

2010-05-01

The goal of this work is to concurrently counterbalance the dynamic cutting force and regulate the spindle position deviation under various milling conditions by integrating active magnetic bearing (AMB) technique, fuzzy logic algorithm and an adaptive self-tuning feedback loop. Since the dynamics of milling system is highly determined by a few operation conditions, such as speed of spindle, cut depth and feedrate, therefore the dynamic model for cutting process is more appropriate to be constructed by experiments, instead of using theoretical approach. The experimental data, either for idle or cutting, are utilized to establish the database of milling dynamics so that the system parameters can be on-line estimated by employing the proposed fuzzy logic algorithm as the cutting mission is engaged. Based on the estimated milling system model and preset operation conditions, i.e., spindle speed, cut depth and feedrate, the current cutting force can be numerically estimated. Once the current cutting force can be real-time estimated, the corresponding compensation force can be exerted by the equipped AMB to counterbalance the cutting force, in addition to the spindle position regulation by feedback of spindle position. On the other hand, for the magnetic force is nonlinear with respect to the applied electric current and air gap, the characteristics of the employed AMB is investigated also by experiments and a nonlinear mathematic model, in terms of air gap between spindle and electromagnetic pole and coil current, is developed. At the end, the experimental simulations on realistic milling are presented to verify the efficacy of the fuzzy controller for spindle position regulation and the capability of the dynamic cutting force counterbalance.

16 CFR 1203.16 - Dynamic strength of retention system test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... stirrup. (2) Mark the pre-test position of the retention system, with the entire dynamic test apparatus... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Dynamic strength of retention system test... retention system test. (a) Test equipment. (1) ISO headforms without the lower chin portion shall be used...

16 CFR 1203.16 - Dynamic strength of retention system test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... stirrup. (2) Mark the pre-test position of the retention system, with the entire dynamic test apparatus... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Dynamic strength of retention system test... retention system test. (a) Test equipment. (1) ISO headforms without the lower chin portion shall be used...

16 CFR 1203.16 - Dynamic strength of retention system test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... stirrup. (2) Mark the pre-test position of the retention system, with the entire dynamic test apparatus... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Dynamic strength of retention system test... retention system test. (a) Test equipment. (1) ISO headforms without the lower chin portion shall be used...

16 CFR 1203.16 - Dynamic strength of retention system test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... stirrup. (2) Mark the pre-test position of the retention system, with the entire dynamic test apparatus... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Dynamic strength of retention system test... retention system test. (a) Test equipment. (1) ISO headforms without the lower chin portion shall be used...

16 CFR § 1203.16 - Dynamic strength of retention system test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... stirrup. (2) Mark the pre-test position of the retention system, with the entire dynamic test apparatus... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Dynamic strength of retention system test. Â... retention system test. (a) Test equipment. (1) ISO headforms without the lower chin portion shall be used...

Dynamic particle refinement in SPH: application to free surface flow and non-cohesive soil simulations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reyes López, Yaidel; Roose, Dirk; Recarey Morfa, Carlos

2013-05-01

In this paper, we present a dynamic refinement algorithm for the smoothed particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. An SPH particle is refined by replacing it with smaller daughter particles, which positions are calculated by using a square pattern centered at the position of the refined particle. We determine both the optimal separation and the smoothing distance of the new particles such that the error produced by the refinement in the gradient of the kernel is small and possible numerical instabilities are reduced. We implemented the dynamic refinement procedure into two different models: one for free surface flows, and one for post-failure flow of non-cohesive soil. The results obtained for the test problems indicate that using the dynamic refinement procedure provides a good trade-off between the accuracy and the cost of the simulations.

Adaptive Control Based Harvesting Strategy for a Predator-Prey Dynamical System.

PubMed

Sen, Moitri; Simha, Ashutosh; Raha, Soumyendu

2018-04-23

This paper deals with designing a harvesting control strategy for a predator-prey dynamical system, with parametric uncertainties and exogenous disturbances. A feedback control law for the harvesting rate of the predator is formulated such that the population dynamics is asymptotically stabilized at a positive operating point, while maintaining a positive, steady state harvesting rate. The hierarchical block strict feedback structure of the dynamics is exploited in designing a backstepping control law, based on Lyapunov theory. In order to account for unknown parameters, an adaptive control strategy has been proposed in which the control law depends on an adaptive variable which tracks the unknown parameter. Further, a switching component has been incorporated to robustify the control performance against bounded disturbances. Proofs have been provided to show that the proposed adaptive control strategy ensures asymptotic stability of the dynamics at a desired operating point, as well as exact parameter learning in the disturbance-free case and learning with bounded error in the disturbance prone case. The dynamics, with uncertainty in the death rate of the predator, subjected to a bounded disturbance has been simulated with the proposed control strategy.

Decadal Trends and Common Dynamics of the Bio-Optical and Thermal Characteristics of the African Great Lakes

PubMed Central

Loiselle, Steven; Cózar, Andrés; Adgo, Enyew; Ballatore, Thomas; Chavula, Geoffrey; Descy, Jean Pierre; Harper, David M.; Kansiime, Frank; Kimirei, Ismael; Langenberg, Victor; Ma, Ronghua; Sarmento, Hugo; Odada, Eric

2014-01-01

The Great Lakes of East Africa are among the world’s most important freshwater ecosystems. Despite their importance in providing vital resources and ecosystem services, the impact of regional and global environmental drivers on this lacustrine system remains only partially understood. We make a systematic comparison of the dynamics of the bio-optical and thermal properties of thirteen of the largest African lakes between 2002 and 2011. Lake surface temperatures had a positive trend in all Great Lakes outside the latitude of 0° to 8° south, while the dynamics of those lakes within this latitude range were highly sensitive to global inter-annual climate drivers (i.e. El Niño Southern Oscillation). Lake surface temperature dynamics in nearly all lakes were found to be sensitive to the latitudinal position of the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone. Phytoplankton dynamics varied considerably between lakes, with increasing and decreasing trends. Intra-lake differences in both surface temperature and phytoplankton dynamics occurred for many of the larger lakes. This inter-comparison of bio-optical and thermal dynamics provides new insights into the response of these ecosystems to global and regional drivers. PMID:24699528

Human amygdala response to dynamic facial expressions of positive and negative surprise.

PubMed

Vrticka, Pascal; Lordier, Lara; Bediou, Benoît; Sander, David

2014-02-01

Although brain imaging evidence accumulates to suggest that the amygdala plays a key role in the processing of novel stimuli, only little is known about its role in processing expressed novelty conveyed by surprised faces, and even less about possible interactive encoding of novelty and valence. Those investigations that have already probed human amygdala involvement in the processing of surprised facial expressions either used static pictures displaying negative surprise (as contained in fear) or "neutral" surprise, and manipulated valence by contextually priming or subjectively associating static surprise with either negative or positive information. Therefore, it still remains unresolved how the human amygdala differentially processes dynamic surprised facial expressions displaying either positive or negative surprise. Here, we created new artificial dynamic 3-dimensional facial expressions conveying surprise with an intrinsic positive (wonderment) or negative (fear) connotation, but also intrinsic positive (joy) or negative (anxiety) emotions not containing any surprise, in addition to neutral facial displays either containing ("typical surprise" expression) or not containing ("neutral") surprise. Results showed heightened amygdala activity to faces containing positive (vs. negative) surprise, which may either correspond to a specific wonderment effect as such, or to the computation of a negative expected value prediction error. Findings are discussed in the light of data obtained from a closely matched nonsocial lottery task, which revealed overlapping activity within the left amygdala to unexpected positive outcomes. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved.

Bubble dynamics in a standing sound field: the bubble habitat.

PubMed

Koch, P; Kurz, T; Parlitz, U; Lauterborn, W

2011-11-01

Bubble dynamics is investigated numerically with special emphasis on the static pressure and the positional stability of the bubble in a standing sound field. The bubble habitat, made up of not dissolving, positionally and spherically stable bubbles, is calculated in the parameter space of the bubble radius at rest and sound pressure amplitude for different sound field frequencies, static pressures, and gas concentrations of the liquid. The bubble habitat grows with static pressure and shrinks with sound field frequency. The range of diffusionally stable bubble oscillations, found at positive slopes of the habitat-diffusion border, can be increased substantially with static pressure.

The dynamics of a delayed predator-prey model with state dependent feedback control

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Singh, Anuraj; Gakkhar, Sunita

2011-11-30

A delayed prey-predator model with state-dependent impulses is investigated. The sufficient conditions of existence and stability of semi-trivial solution and positive period-1 solution are obtained by using the Poincare map and analogue of the Poincare Criterion. The qualitative analysis shows that the positive period-one solution bifurcates from the semi-trivial solution through a fold bifurcation. The complex dynamics including chaos is obtained and numerical simulations substantiate the analytical results.

Validation of instrumentation to monitor dynamic performance of olympic weightlifters.

PubMed

Bruenger, Adam J; Smith, Sarah L; Sands, William A; Leigh, Michael R

2007-05-01

The purpose of this study was to validate the accuracy and reliability of the Weightlifting Video Overlay System (WVOS) used by coaches and sport biomechanists at the United States Olympic Training Center. Static trials with the bar set at specific positions and dynamic trials of a power snatch were performed. Static and dynamic values obtained by the WVOS were compared with values obtained by tape measure and standard video kinematic analysis. Coordinate positions (horizontal [X] and vertical [Y]) were compared on both ends (left and right) of the bar. Absolute technical error of measurement between WVOS and kinematic values were calculated (0.97 cm [left X], 0.98 cm [right X], 0.88 cm [left Y], and 0.53 cm [right Y]) for the static data. Pearson correlations for all dynamic trials exceeded r = 0.88. The greatest discrepancies between the 2 measuring systems were found to occur when there was twisting of the bar during the performance. This error was probably due to the location on the bar where the coordinates were measured. The WVOS appears to provide accurate position information when compared with standard kinematics; however, care must be taken in evaluating position measurements if there is a significant amount of twisting in the movement. The WVOS appears to be reliable and valid within reasonable error limits for the determination of weightlifting movement technique.

Do Dynamic Compared to Static Facial Expressions of Happiness and Anger Reveal Enhanced Facial Mimicry?

PubMed Central

Rymarczyk, Krystyna; Żurawski, Łukasz; Jankowiak-Siuda, Kamila; Szatkowska, Iwona

2016-01-01

Facial mimicry is the spontaneous response to others’ facial expressions by mirroring or matching the interaction partner. Recent evidence suggested that mimicry may not be only an automatic reaction but could be dependent on many factors, including social context, type of task in which the participant is engaged, or stimulus properties (dynamic vs static presentation). In the present study, we investigated the impact of dynamic facial expression and sex differences on facial mimicry and judgment of emotional intensity. Electromyography recordings were recorded from the corrugator supercilii, zygomaticus major, and orbicularis oculi muscles during passive observation of static and dynamic images of happiness and anger. The ratings of the emotional intensity of facial expressions were also analysed. As predicted, dynamic expressions were rated as more intense than static ones. Compared to static images, dynamic displays of happiness also evoked stronger activity in the zygomaticus major and orbicularis oculi, suggesting that subjects experienced positive emotion. No muscles showed mimicry activity in response to angry faces. Moreover, we found that women exhibited greater zygomaticus major muscle activity in response to dynamic happiness stimuli than static stimuli. Our data support the hypothesis that people mimic positive emotions and confirm the importance of dynamic stimuli in some emotional processing. PMID:27390867

STS-13 (41-C) BET products

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Findlay, J. T.; Kelly, G. M.; Mcconnell, J. G.; Heck, M. L.

1984-01-01

Results from the STS-13 (41-C) Shuttle entry flight are presented. The entry trajectory was reconstructed from an altitude of 700 kft through rollout on Runway 17 at EAFB. The anchor epoch utilized was April 13, 1984 13(h)1(m)30.(s)0 (46890(s).0) GMT. The final reconstructed inertial trajectory for this flight is BT13M23 under user catalog 169750N. Trajectory reconstruction and Extended BET development are discussed in Section 1 and 2, respectively. The NOAA totem-pole atmosphere extracted from the JSC/TRW BET was adopted in the development of the LaRC Extended BET, namely ST13BET/UN=274885C. The Aerodynamic BET was generated on physical nine track reel NC0728 with a duplicate copy on NC0740 for back-up. Plots of the more relevant parameters from the AEROBET are presented in Section 3. Section 4 discusses the MMLE input files created for STS-13. Appendices are attached which present spacecraft and physical constants utilized (Appendix A), residuals by station and data type (Appendix B), a two second spaced listing of trajectory and air data parameters (Appendix C), and input and output source products for archival (Appendix D).

UHV AFM based colloidal probe studies of adhesive properties of VAlN hard coatings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wiesing, M.; de los Arcos, T.; Grundmeier, G.

2018-01-01

The adhesion of polystyrene (PS) on V0.27Al0.29N0.44 and the related influence of the oxidation states of both surfaces was investigated using X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Colloidal Force Spectroscopy (CFS) in Ultra-High Vacuum (UHV). Complementary, the intimate relation between the adhesion force, the chemical structure and surface polarizability was investigated by XPS valence band spectroscopy and the calculation of non-retarded Hamaker coefficients using Lifshitz theory based on optical data as derived from Reflection Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (REELS) spectra. The combined electron and force spectroscopic analysis of the interaction forces disclosed quantitatively the separation of the adhesion force in van der Waals and Lewis acid-base contributions. Further, the surface polarizability of VAlN was shown to be unaffected by oxygen incorporation due to the formation of an only gradually oxidized surface comprising a range of vanadium oxidation states. In contrast, the adhesion force analysis revealed additional Lewis acid-base interactions between the oxidized and non-oxidized VAlN surfaces and carboxyl groups present in the surface of PS after an oxidative oxygen beam treatment.

A comprehensive survey of thermoelectric homogeneity of commonly used thermocouple types

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Machin, Jonathan; Tucker, Declan; Pearce, Jonathan V.

2018-06-01

Thermocouples are widely used as temperature sensors in industry. The electromotive force generated by a thermocouple is produced in a temperature gradient and not at the thermocouple tip. This means that the thermoelectric inhomogeneity represents one of the most important contributions to the overall measurement uncertainty associated with thermocouples. To characterise this effect, and to provide some general recommendations concerning the magnitude of this contribution to use when formulating uncertainty analyses, a comprehensive literature survey has been performed. Significant information was found for Types K, N, R, S, B, Pt/Pd, Au/Pt and various other Pt/Rh thermocouples. In the case of Type K and N thermocouples, the survey has been augmented by a substantial amount of data based on calibrations of mineral-insulated, metal-sheathed thermocouple cable reels from thermocouple manufacturers. Some general conclusions are drawn and outline recommendations given concerning typical values for the uncertainty arising from thermoelectric inhomogeneity for the most widely used thermocouple types in the as-new state. It is stressed that these recommendations should only be heeded when individual homogeneity measurements are not possible. It is also stressed that the homogeneity can deteriorate rapidly during use, particularly for base metal thermocouples.

Flexible storage medium for write-once optical tape

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Strandjord, Andrew J. G.; Webb, Steven P.; Perettie, Donald J.; Cipriano, Robert A.

1993-01-01

A write-once data storage media was developed which is suitable for optical tape applications. The media is manufactured using a continuous film process to deposit a ternary alloy of tin, bismuth, and copper. This laser sensitive layer is sputter deposited onto commercial plastic web as a single-layer thin film. A second layer is sequentially deposited on top of the alloy to enhance the media performance and act as an abrasion resistant hard overcoat. The media was observed to have laser write sensitivities of less than 2.0 njoules/bit, carrier-to-noise levels of greater than 50dB's, modulation depths of approximately 100 percent, read-margins of greater than 35, uniform grain sizes of less than 200 Angstroms, and a media lifetime that exceeds 10 years. Prototype tape media was produced for use in the CREO drive system. The active and overcoat materials are first sputter deposited onto three mil PET film in a single pass through the vacuum coating system, and then converted down into multiple reels of 35mm x 880m tape. One mil PET film was also coated in this manner and then slit and packaged into 3480 tape cartridges.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Moriarty, Nigel W.; Draizen, Eli J.; Adams, Paul D.

Chemical restraints for use in macromolecular structure refinement are produced by a variety of methods, including a number of programs that use chemical information to generate the required bond, angle, dihedral, chiral and planar restraints. These programs help to automate the process and therefore minimize the errors that could otherwise occur if it were performed manually. Furthermore, restraint-dictionary generation programs can incorporate chemical and other prior knowledge to provide reasonable choices of types and values. However, the use of restraints to define the geometry of a molecule is an approximation introduced with efficiency in mind. The representation of a bondmore » as a parabolic function is a convenience and does not reflect the true variability in even the simplest of molecules. Another complicating factor is the interplay of the molecule with other parts of the macromolecular model. Finally, difficult situations arise from molecules with rare or unusual moieties that may not have their conformational space fully explored. These factors give rise to the need for an interactive editor for WYSIWYG interactions with the restraints and molecule. Restraints Editor, Especially Ligands (REEL) is a graphical user interface for simple and error-free editing along with additional features to provide greater control of the restraint dictionaries in macromolecular refinement.« less

Surface characterization of graphene based materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pisarek, M.; Holdynski, M.; Krawczyk, M.; Nowakowski, R.; Roguska, A.; Malolepszy, A.; Stobinski, L.; Jablonski, A.

2016-12-01

In the present study, two kind of samples were used: (i) a monolayer graphene film with a thickness of 0.345 nm deposited by the CVD method on Cu foil, (ii) graphene flakes obtained by modified Hummers method and followed by reduction of graphene oxide. The inelastic mean free path (IMFP), characterizing electron transport in graphene/Cu sample and reduced graphene oxide material, which determines the sampling depth of XPS and AES were evaluated from relative Elastic Peak Electron Spectroscopy (EPES) measurements with the Au standard in the energy range 0.5-2 keV. The measured IMFPs were compared with IMFPs resulting from experimental optical data published in the literature for the graphite sample. The EPES IMFP values at 0.5 and 1.5 keV was practically identical to that calculated from optical data for graphite (less than 4% deviation). For energies 1 and 2 keV, the EPES IMFPs for rGO were deviated up to 14% from IMFPs calculated using the optical data by Tanuma et al. [1]. Before EPES measurements all samples were characterized by various techniques like: FE-SEM, AFM, XPS, AES and REELS to visualize the surface morphology/topography and identify the chemical composition.

Development and validation of the intuitive exercise scale.

PubMed

Reel, Justine J; Galli, Nick; Miyairi, Maya; Voelker, Dana; Greenleaf, Christy

2016-08-01

Up to 80% of individuals with eating disorders engage in dysfunctional exercise, which is characterized by exercising in excessive quantities often past the point of pain as well as compulsive feelings and negative affect when exercise is disrupted (Cook, Hausenblas, Crosby, Cao, & Wonderlich, 2015). Intuitive exercise involves an awareness of the senses while moving and attending to one's bodily cues for when to start and stop exercise, rather than feeling compelled to adhere to a rigid program (Reel, 2015). The purpose of this study was to design a measurement tool to evaluate the construct of intuitive exercise in research, treatment, and prevention settings. The 14-item Intuitive Exercise Scale (IEXS) was developed and validated in the current study with completed surveys from 518 female and male adult participants. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify four latent constructs, including emotional exercise, exercise rigidity, body trust, and mindful exercise, which were supported via confirmatory factor analysis (CFI=0.96; SRMR=0.06). The IEXS demonstrated configural, metric, and scalar invariance across women and men. Correlations with measures of intuitive eating, exercise dependence, and exercise motivation supported convergent and discriminant validity. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Return to Flight: Crew Activities Resource Reel 1 of 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2005-01-01

The crew of the STS-114 Discovery Mission is seen in various aspects of training for space flight. The crew activities include: 1) STS-114 Return to Flight Crew Photo Session; 2) Tile Repair Training on Precision Air Bearing Floor; 3) SAFER Tile Inspection Training in Virtual Reality Laboratory; 4) Guidance and Navigation Simulator Tile Survey Training; 5) Crew Inspects Orbital Boom and Sensor System (OBSS); 6) Bailout Training-Crew Compartment; 7) Emergency Egress Training-Crew Compartment Trainer (CCT); 8) Water Survival Training-Neutral Buoyancy Lab (NBL); 9) Ascent Training-Shuttle Motion Simulator; 10) External Tank Photo Training-Full Fuselage Trainer; 11) Rendezvous and Docking Training-Shuttle Engineering Simulator (SES) Dome; 12) Shuttle Robot Arm Training-SES Dome; 13) EVA Training Virtual Reality Lab; 14) EVA Training Neutral Buoyancy Lab; 15) EVA-2 Training-NBL; 16) EVA Tool Training-Partial Gravity Simulator; 17) Cure in Place Ablator Applicator (CIPAA) Training Glove Vacuum Chamber; 16) Crew Visit to Merritt Island Launch Area (MILA); 17) Crew Inspection-Space Shuttle Discovery; and 18) Crew Inspection-External Tank and Orbital Boom and Sensor System (OBSS). The crew are then seen answering questions from the media at the Space Shuttle Landing Facility.

Data storage and retrieval system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nakamoto, Glen

1991-01-01

The Data Storage and Retrieval System (DSRS) consists of off-the-shelf system components integrated as a file server supporting very large files. These files are on the order of one gigabyte of data per file, although smaller files on the order of one megabyte can be accommodated as well. For instance, one gigabyte of data occupies approximately six 9 track tape reels (recorded at 6250 bpi). Due to this large volume of media, it was desirable to shrink the size of the proposed media to a single portable cassette. In addition to large size, a key requirement was that the data needs to be transferred to a (VME based) workstation at very high data rates. One gigabyte (GB) of data needed to be transferred from an archiveable media on a file server to a workstation in less than 5 minutes. Equivalent size, on-line data needed to be transferred in less than 3 minutes. These requirements imply effective transfer rates on the order of four to eight megabytes per second (4-8 MB/s). The DSRS also needed to be able to send and receive data from a variety of other sources accessible from an Ethernet local area network.

Data storage and retrieval system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nakamoto, Glen

1992-01-01

The Data Storage and Retrieval System (DSRS) consists of off-the-shelf system components integrated as a file server supporting very large files. These files are on the order of one gigabyte of data per file, although smaller files on the order of one megabyte can be accommodated as well. For instance, one gigabyte of data occupies approximately six 9-track tape reels (recorded at 6250 bpi). Due to this large volume of media, it was desirable to 'shrink' the size of the proposed media to a single portable cassette. In addition to large size, a key requirement was that the data needs to be transferred to a (VME based) workstation at very high data rates. One gigabyte (GB) of data needed to be transferred from an archiveable media on a file server to a workstation in less than 5 minutes. Equivalent size, on-line data needed to be transferred in less than 3 minutes. These requirements imply effective transfer rates on the order of four to eight megabytes per second (4-8 MB/s). The DSRS also needed to be able to send and receive data from a variety of other sources accessible from an Ethernet local area network.

TSS-1R satellite integration in O&C Building

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1995-01-01

John Powell (left) and Jim Nail (second from right) of McDonnell Douglas Space and Defense Systems prepare the satellite element of the Tethered Satellite System-1R (TSS-1R) for integration with its support unit in the Operations and Checkout (O&C) Building. The TSS-1R is one of two primary payloads scheduled to fly aboard the Orbiter Columbia during the STS-75 mission in early 1996. The TSS program is a joint venture between NASA and the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, or Italian Space Agency. The 'R' designation indicates a reflight. The TSS-1 flew aboard Atlantis during the STS-46 mission in July 1992 and achieved only a partial success when its tether reel mechanism became jammed after only approximately 840 feet of the 12-mile-long tether had been unwound as the satellite rose from its cradle in the orbiter's payload bay. Once deployed to the 12-mile height on the STS-75 mission, the satellite will be used to validate theories that such a system could possibly be used in the future to generate electrical power to power orbital systems, raise and lower spacecraft, study atmospheric conditions at several different heights and for many other applications.

MACF1 regulates the migration of pyramidal neurons via microtubule dynamics and GSK-3 signaling

PubMed Central

Ka, Minhan; Jung, Eui-Man; Mueller, Ulrich; Kim, Woo-Yang

2014-01-01

Neuronal migration and subsequent differentiation play critical roles for establishing functional neural circuitry in the developing brain. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate these processes are poorly understood. Here, we show that microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1) determines neuronal positioning by regulating microtubule dynamics and mediating GSK-3 signaling during brain development. First, using MACF1 floxed allele mice and in utero gene manipulation, we find that MACF1 deletion suppresses migration of cortical pyramidal neurons and results in aberrant neuronal positioning in the developing brain. The cell autonomous deficit in migration is associated with abnormal dynamics of leading processes and centrosomes. Furthermore, microtubule stability is severely damaged in neurons lacking MACF1, resulting in abnormal microtubule dynamics. Finally, MACF1 interacts with and mediates GSK-3 signaling in developing neurons. Our findings establish a cellular mechanism underlying neuronal migration and provide insights into the regulation of cytoskeleton dynamics in developing neurons. PMID:25224226

MACF1 regulates the migration of pyramidal neurons via microtubule dynamics and GSK-3 signaling.

PubMed

Ka, Minhan; Jung, Eui-Man; Mueller, Ulrich; Kim, Woo-Yang

2014-11-01

Neuronal migration and subsequent differentiation play critical roles for establishing functional neural circuitry in the developing brain. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate these processes are poorly understood. Here, we show that microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1) determines neuronal positioning by regulating microtubule dynamics and mediating GSK-3 signaling during brain development. First, using MACF1 floxed allele mice and in utero gene manipulation, we find that MACF1 deletion suppresses migration of cortical pyramidal neurons and results in aberrant neuronal positioning in the developing brain. The cell autonomous deficit in migration is associated with abnormal dynamics of leading processes and centrosomes. Furthermore, microtubule stability is severely damaged in neurons lacking MACF1, resulting in abnormal microtubule dynamics. Finally, MACF1 interacts with and mediates GSK-3 signaling in developing neurons. Our findings establish a cellular mechanism underlying neuronal migration and provide insights into the regulation of cytoskeleton dynamics in developing neurons. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Dependence of image flicker on dielectric anisotropy of liquid crystal in a fringe field switching liquid crystal cell

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oh, Seung-Won; Baek, Jong-Min; Kim, Jung-Wook; Yoon, Tae-Hoon

2016-09-01

Two types of image flicker, which are caused by the flexoelectric effect of liquid crystals (LCs), are observed when a fringe-field switching (FFS) LC cell is driven by a low frequency electric field. Static image flicker, observed because of the transmittance difference between neighboring frames, has been reported previously. On the other hand, research on dynamic image flicker has been minimal until now. Dynamic image flicker is noticeable because of the brief transmittance drop when the sign of the applied voltage is reversed. We investigated the dependence of the image flicker in an FFS LC cell on dielectric anisotropy of the LCs in terms of both the static and dynamic flicker. Experimental results show that small dielectric anisotropy of the LC can help suppress not only the static but also dynamic flicker for positive LCs. We found that both the static and dynamic flicker in negative LCs is less evident than in positive LCs.

Global dynamics of a delay differential equation with spatial non-locality in an unbounded domain

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yi, Taishan; Zou, Xingfu

In this paper, we study the global dynamics of a class of differential equations with temporal delay and spatial non-locality in an unbounded domain. Adopting the compact open topology, we describe the delicate asymptotic properties of the nonlocal delayed effect and establish some a priori estimate for nontrivial solutions which enables us to show the permanence of the equation. Combining these results with a dynamical systems approach, we determine the global dynamics of the equation under appropriate conditions. Applying the main results to the model with Ricker's birth function and Mackey-Glass's hematopoiesis function, we obtain threshold results for the global dynamics of these two models. We explain why our results on the global attractivity of the positive equilibrium in C∖{0} under the compact open topology becomes invalid in C∖{0} with respect to the usual supremum norm, and we identify a subset of C∖{0} in which the positive equilibrium remains attractive with respect to the supremum norm.

Linking Financial Market Dynamics and the Impact of News

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nacher, J. C.; Ochiai, T.

2011-09-01

In financial markets, he behavior of investors determines the prices of financial products. However, these investors can also be influenced by good and bad news. Here, we present a mathematical model to reproduce the price dynamics in real financial markets affected by news. The model has both positive and negative feed-back mechanisms. Furthermore, the behavior of the model is examined by considering two different types of noise. Our results show that the dynamic balance of positive and negative feed-back mechanisms with the noise effect determines the asset price movement. For comparison with real market, we have used the Forex data corresponding to the time period of the recent Tohoku-Kanto earthquake in Japan.

In vivo dynamics of GFRα1-positive spermatogonia stimulated by GDNF signals using a bead transplantation assay

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Uchida, Aya; Kishi, Kasane; Aiyama, Yoshimi

In mouse testes, spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), a subpopulation of GFRα1 (GDNF family receptor-α1)-positive spermatogonia, are widely distributed along the convoluted seminiferous tubules. The proliferation and differentiation of the SSCs are regulated in part by local expression of GDNF (glial cell-derived neurotorphic factor), one of major niche factors for SSCs. However, the in vivo dynamics of the GDNF-stimulated GFRα1-positive spermatogonia remains unclear. Here, we developed a simple method for transplanting DiI-labeled and GDNF-soaked beads into the mouse testicular interstitium. By using this method, we examined the dynamics of GFRα1-positive spermatogonia in the tubular walls close to the transplanted GDNF-soaked beads. Themore » bead-derived GDNF signals were able to induce the stratified aggregate formation of GFRα1-positive undifferentiated spermatogonia by day 3 post-transplantation. Each aggregate consisted of tightly compacted A{sub single} and marginal A{sub paired}–A{sub aligned} GFRα1-positive spermatogonia and was surrounded by A{sub aligned} GFRα1-negative spermatogonia at more advanced stages. These data not only provide in vivo evidence for the inductive roles of GDNF in forming a rapid aggregation of GFRα1-positive spermatogonia but also indicate the usefulness of this in vivo assay system of various growth factors for the stem/progenitor spermatogonia in mammalian spermatogenesis. - Highlights: • A novel bead transplantation assay was developed to examine the in vivo effects of growth factors on spermatogonia. • A rapid aggregation of GFRα1-positive spermatogonia was induced by the transplanted GDNF-soaked beads. • Tightly-compacted A{sub single} and marginal A{sub paired}–A{sub aligned} spermatogonia were formed in each GFRα1-positive aggregate.« less

Social Dynamics Management and Functional Behavioral Assessment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, David L.

2018-01-01

Managing social dynamics is a critical aspect of creating a positive learning environment in classrooms. In this paper three key interrelated ideas, reinforcement, function, and motivating operations, are discussed with relation to managing social behavior.

Observation and Uses of Position-Space Bloch Oscillations in an Ultracold Gas.

PubMed

Geiger, Zachary A; Fujiwara, Kurt M; Singh, Kevin; Senaratne, Ruwan; Rajagopal, Shankari V; Lipatov, Mikhail; Shimasaki, Toshihiko; Driben, Rodislav; Konotop, Vladimir V; Meier, Torsten; Weld, David M

2018-05-25

We report the observation and characterization of position-space Bloch oscillations using cold atoms in a tilted optical lattice. While momentum-space Bloch oscillations are a common feature of optical lattice experiments, the real-space center-of-mass dynamics are typically unresolvable. In a regime of rapid tunneling and low force, we observe real-space Bloch oscillation amplitudes of hundreds of lattice sites, in both ground and excited bands. We demonstrate two unique capabilities enabled by tracking of Bloch dynamics in position space: measurement of the full position-momentum phase-space evolution during a Bloch cycle, and direct imaging of the lattice band structure. These techniques, along with the ability to exert long-distance coherent control of quantum gases without modulation, may open up new possibilities for quantum control and metrology.

Observation and Uses of Position-Space Bloch Oscillations in an Ultracold Gas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Geiger, Zachary A.; Fujiwara, Kurt M.; Singh, Kevin; Senaratne, Ruwan; Rajagopal, Shankari V.; Lipatov, Mikhail; Shimasaki, Toshihiko; Driben, Rodislav; Konotop, Vladimir V.; Meier, Torsten; Weld, David M.

2018-05-01

We report the observation and characterization of position-space Bloch oscillations using cold atoms in a tilted optical lattice. While momentum-space Bloch oscillations are a common feature of optical lattice experiments, the real-space center-of-mass dynamics are typically unresolvable. In a regime of rapid tunneling and low force, we observe real-space Bloch oscillation amplitudes of hundreds of lattice sites, in both ground and excited bands. We demonstrate two unique capabilities enabled by tracking of Bloch dynamics in position space: measurement of the full position-momentum phase-space evolution during a Bloch cycle, and direct imaging of the lattice band structure. These techniques, along with the ability to exert long-distance coherent control of quantum gases without modulation, may open up new possibilities for quantum control and metrology.

Stratospheric ozone levels and their role for the dynamic response to volcanic eruptions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muthers, Stefan; Anet, Julien G.; Raible, Christoph C.; Brönnimann, Stefan; Arfeuille, Florian; Peter, Tom; Rozanov, Eugene; Shapiro, Alexander; Beer, Juerg; Steinhilber, Friedhelm; Brugnara, Yuri; Schmutz, Werner

2013-04-01

The role of different background ozone climatologies for the dynamic response to tropical volcanic eruptions is analyzed using an ensemble of simulation with the atmospheric-chemistry-ocean model SOCOL/MPIOM. In this sensitivity study a single tropical eruption of Tambora-size is applied to an ensemble with either pre-industrial ozone concentrations or present day concentrations respectively. The analysis focuses on the characteristic of the Northern Europe winter warming pattern following the eruption, that has been identified after several eruptions in observations and in proxy data. The sensitivity study reveals a higher probability for a large and significant winter warming pattern with pre-industrial ozone levels, when the dynamic response of the chemistry to the eruption is disabled in the model. The positive temperature anomaly is driven by a positive NAO-like pressure pattern that lead to the advection of warm Atlantic air towards Northern Europe. With present day concentrations winter warmings are also found in some ensemble members, but overall the probability is strongly reduced. It is shown, that with pre-industial day ozone concentrations the coupling between positive anomalies of the polar vortex and the zonal wind in the troposphere is more effective, which could explain the higher likelihood of positive NAO-like pressure patterns and positive temperature anomalies in Northern Europe.

A comparison of position and rate control for telemanipulations with consideration of manipulator system dynamics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kim, Won S.; Tendick, Frank; Stark, Lawrence W.; Ellis, Stephen R.

1987-01-01

Position and rate control are the two common manual control modes in teleoperations. Human operator performance using the two modes is evaluated and compared. Simulated three-axis pick-and-place operations are used as the primary task for evaluation. First, ideal position and rate control are compared by considering several factors, such as joystick gain, joystick type, display mode, task, and manipulator work space size. Then the effects of the manipulator system dynamics are investigated by varying the natural frequency and speed limit. Experimental results show that ideal position control is superior to ideal rate control, regardless of joystick type or display mode, when the manipulation work space is small or comparable to the human operator's control space. Results also show that when the manipulator system is slow, the superiority of position control disappears. Position control is recommended for small-work-space telemanipulation tasks, while rate control is recommended for slow wide-work-space telemanipulation tasks.

Direct Microtubule-Binding by Myosin-10 Orients Centrosomes toward Retraction Fibers and Subcortical Actin Clouds.

PubMed

Kwon, Mijung; Bagonis, Maria; Danuser, Gaudenz; Pellman, David

2015-08-10

Positioning of centrosomes is vital for cell division and development. In metazoan cells, spindle positioning is controlled by a dynamic pool of subcortical actin that organizes in response to the position of retraction fibers. These actin "clouds" are proposed to generate pulling forces on centrosomes and mediate spindle orientation. However, the motors that pull astral microtubules toward these actin structures are not known. Here, we report that the unconventional myosin, Myo10, couples actin-dependent forces from retraction fibers and subcortical actin clouds to centrosomes. Myo10-mediated centrosome positioning requires its direct microtubule binding. Computational image analysis of large microtubule populations reveals a direct effect of Myo10 on microtubule dynamics and microtubule-cortex interactions. Myo10's role in centrosome positioning is distinct from, but overlaps with, that of dynein. Thus, Myo10 plays a key role in integrating the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons to position centrosomes and mitotic spindles. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Direct Microtubule-Binding by Myosin-10 Orients Centrosomes toward Retraction Fibers and Subcortical Actin Clouds

PubMed Central

Kwon, Mijung; Bagonis, Maria; Danuser, Gaudenz; Pellman, David

2015-01-01

SUMMARY Positioning of centrosomes is vital for cell division and development. In metazoan cells, spindle positioning is controlled by a dynamic pool of subcortical actin that organizes in response to the position of retraction fibers. These actin “clouds” are proposed to generate pulling forces on centrosomes and mediate spindle orientation. However, the motors that pull astral microtubules toward these actin structures are not known. Here, we report that the unconventional myosin, Myo10, couples actin-dependent forces from retraction fibers and subcortical actin clouds to centrosomes. Myo10-mediated centrosome positioning requires its direct microtubule binding. Computational image analysis of large microtubule populations reveals a direct effect of Myo10 on microtubule dynamics and microtubule-cortex interactions. Myo10’s role in centrosome positioning is distinct from, but overlaps with, that of dynein. Thus, Myo10 plays a key role in integrating the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons to position centrosomes and mitotic spindles. PMID:26235048

A novel unscented predictive filter for relative position and attitude estimation of satellite formation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cao, Lu; Chen, Xiaoqian; Misra, Arun K.

2015-07-01

This paper presents a novel sigma-point unscented predictive filter (UPF) for relative position and attitude estimation of satellite formation taking into account the influence of J2. A coupled relative translational dynamics model is formulated to represent orbital motion of arbitrary feature points on the deputy spacecraft, and the relative attitude motion is formulated by considering a rotational dynamics for a satellite without gyros. Based on the proposed coupled dynamic model, the UPF is developed based on unscented transformation technique, extending the capability of a traditional predictive filter (PF). The algorithm flow of the UPF is described first. Then it is demonstrated that the estimation accuracy of the model error and system state for UPF is higher than that of the traditional PF. In addition, the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is also employed in order to compare the performance of the proposed UPF with that of the UKF. Several different scenarios are simulated to validate the effectiveness of the coupled dynamics model and the performance of the proposed UPF. Through comparisons, the proposed UPF is shown to yield highly accurate estimation of relative position and attitude during satellite formation flying.

Cartesian control of redundant robots

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Colbaugh, R.; Glass, K.

1989-01-01

A Cartesian-space position/force controller is presented for redundant robots. The proposed control structure partitions the control problem into a nonredundant position/force trajectory tracking problem and a redundant mapping problem between Cartesian control input F is a set member of the set R(sup m) and robot actuator torque T is a set member of the set R(sup n) (for redundant robots, m is less than n). The underdetermined nature of the F yields T map is exploited so that the robot redundancy is utilized to improve the dynamic response of the robot. This dynamically optimal F yields T map is implemented locally (in time) so that it is computationally efficient for on-line control; however, it is shown that the map possesses globally optimal characteristics. Additionally, it is demonstrated that the dynamically optimal F yields T map can be modified so that the robot redundancy is used to simultaneously improve the dynamic response and realize any specified kinematic performance objective (e.g., manipulability maximization or obstacle avoidance). Computer simulation results are given for a four degree of freedom planar redundant robot under Cartesian control, and demonstrate that position/force trajectory tracking and effective redundancy utilization can be achieved simultaneously with the proposed controller.

Dynamic Ground Effect for a Cranked Arrow Wing Airplane

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Curry, Robert E.

1997-01-01

Flight-determined ground effect characteristics for an F-16XL airplane are presented and correlated with wind tunnel predictions and similar flight results from other aircraft. Maneuvers were conducted at a variety of flightpath angles. Conventional ground effect flight test methods were used, with the exception that space positioning data were obtained using the differential global positioning system (DGPS). Accuracy of the DGPS was similar to that of optical tracking methods, but it was operationally more attractive. The dynamic flight determined lift and drag coefficient increments were measurably lower than steady-state wind-tunnel predictions. This relationship is consistent with the results of other aircraft for which similar data are available. Trends in the flight measured lift increments caused by ground effect as a function of flightpath angle were evident but weakly correlated. An engineering model of dynamic ground effect was developed based on linear aerodynamic theory and super-positioning of flows. This model was applied to the F-16XL data set and to previously published data for an F-15 airplane. In both cases, the model provided an engineering estimate of the ratio between the steady-state and dynamic data sets.

A dynamic study of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee using an open MRI.

PubMed

Guenoun, Daphne; Vaccaro, Julien; Le Corroller, Thomas; Barral, Pierre-Antoine; Lagier, Aude; Pauly, Vanessa; Coquart, Benjamin; Coste, Joel; Champsaur, Pierre

2017-03-01

Recent anatomical and radiological studies of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) suggest the ACL length and orientation change during knee flexion, and an open MRI sequencing during knee flexion enables a dynamic ACL analysis. This study's goal is to describe a normal ACL using a 1T open MRI and, in particular, variations in length and insertion angles at different degrees of flexion. Twenty-one volunteers with clinically healthy knees received a dynamic MRI with their knees in hyperextension, neutral position, and flexed at 45° and 90° angles. For each position, two radiologists measured the ACL lengths and angles of the proximal insertion between the ACL's anterior edge and the roof of the inter-condylar notch. Additionally, we measured the ACL's and the tibial plateau's distal angle insertion between their anterior edges and then compared these with the nonparametric Wilcoxon test. The ACL had a significant extension between the 90° flexion and all other positions (hyperextension: 31.75 ± 2.5 mm, neutral position: 32.5 ± 2.6 mm, 45°: 35.6 ± 1.6 mm, 90°: 35.6 ± 1.6 mm). There was also a significant increase of the angle insertion between the proximal 90° flexion and all other positions, as well as between hyperextension and bending to 45° (hyperextension: 2.45° ± 3.7°, neutral: 13.4° ± 9.7°, 45°: 33 25 ± 9.3, 90: 51.85° ± 9.3°). Additionally, there is a significant increase in the distal angle insertion for all positions (hyperextension: 133.2° ± 5.4°, neutral position: 134.95° ± 4.4°, 45°: 138.35° ± 5.9°, 90°: 149.15° ± 8.6°). Our study is the first to exhibit that a dynamic MRI has a significant ACL extension in vivo during bending. This concept opens the way for further studies to improve the diagnosis of traumatic ACL injuries using a dynamic MRI.

Nonmonotonic radial distribution of excited atoms in a positive column of pulsed direct currect discharges in helium

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Barnat, E. V.; Kolobov, V. I.

2013-01-21

Nonmonotonic radial distributions of excited helium atoms have been experimentally observed in a positive column of pulsed helium discharges using planar laser induced fluorescence. Computational analysis of the discharge dynamics with a fluid plasma model confirms the experimental observations over a range of pressures and currents. The observed effect is attributed to the peculiarities of electron population-depopulation of the excited states during the 'dynamic discharge' conditions with strong modulations of the electric field maintaining the plasma.

Dynamics of the stochastic low concentration trimolecular oscillatory chemical system with jumps

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wei, Yongchang; Yang, Qigui

2018-06-01

This paper is devoted to discern long time dynamics through the stochastic low concentration trimolecular oscillatory chemical system with jumps. By Lyapunov technique, this system is proved to have a unique global positive solution, and the asymptotic stability in mean square of such model is further established. Moreover, the existence of random attractor and Lyapunov exponents are obtained for the stochastic homeomorphism flow generated by the corresponding global positive solution. And some numerical simulations are given to illustrate the presented results.