A Close Loop Low-Power and High Speed 130 nm CMOS Sample and Hold Circuit Based on Switched Capacitor for ADC Module

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nasir, Z.; Ruslan, S. H.

2017-08-01

A sample and hold (S/H) block is typically used as an analogue to digital interface in the analogue to digital converter (ADC) system. Since ADC is widely used in processing signals, the power consumption of the ADC must be lowered to conserve energy. Therefore the S/H circuit must be of a low powered too. Sampling phase and hold phase are the two phases of the operation cycle of the S/H circuit. Switched capacitor (SC) techniques have been developed in order to allow the integration on a single silicon chip of both digital and analogue functions. By controlling switches around the SC, the SC circuit works by passing charge into and out of a capacitor. SC circuits are suitable for on chip implementations because they replace a resistor with switches and capacitors. In this research, a closed-loop sample and hold circuit based on SC is designed and simulated with Cadence EDA tools. The schematic, layout, and simulation of the circuit is done using generic Silterra 130 nm technology file. All the analysis is done using Virtuoso Analog Design Environment. Layout and schematic are drawn using Virtuoso Schematic Editor and Virtuoso Layout Editor, Calibre is used for post layout simulation. The closed loop S/H circuit based on SC is successfully designed and able to sample and hold the analogue input waveform. The power consumption of the circuit is 0.919 mW and the propagation delay is 64.96 ps.

Destruction of Energetic Materials in Supercritical Water

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-06-25

PHASE BEHAVIOR UNDER HYDROTHERMAL PROCESSING CONDITIONS...172 E. MODELING TOOLS FOR SOLVATION FREE ENERGIES IN HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS...potential equations of state of hydrothermal solutions. Figure 25 shows a schematic of the transient grating experiment. In this experiment, two laser

Sealed-tube synthesis and phase diagram of Li{sub x}TiS{sub 2} (0 ≤ x ≤1)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhang, Ziping; National Laboratory for Superconductivity, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190; Dong, Cheng, E-mail: chengdon@aphy.iphy.ac.cn

2015-01-15

Graphical abstract: We reported a new method to prepare Li{sub x}TiS{sub 2} (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) at 600 °C in sealed tube using Li{sub 2}S aslithium source. A schematic phase diagram of the Li{sub x}TiS{sub 2} system has been constructed based on the DTA and XRD data. - Abstract: We reported a new method to prepare Li{sub x}TiS{sub 2} (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) at 600 °C in sealed tube using Li{sub 2}S as lithium source. The Li{sub x}TiS{sub 2} samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and differential thermal analysis. Themore » variations of the lattice parameters with lithium content x in Li{sub x}TiS{sub 2} were determined by X-ray powder diffraction analysis for both 1T and 3R phases. The phase transition between low-temperature 1T phase and high-temperature 3R phase was confirmed by the powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Based on the differential thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction results, a schematic phase diagram of the Li{sub x}TiS{sub 2} system has been constructed, providing a guideline to synthesize Li{sub x}TiS{sub 2} in 1T structure or 3R structure.« less

Adapting Schottky Diode Detector Technology to a Space Platform

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-02-10

the LWIR region) but which are still in a very early experimental stage. A schematic diagram illustrating the basic layout of the PtSi detector is...responsivity and dark current variations in pixels across the focal plane array. Such defects are caused by diverse factors such as nonuniformities in

Micro-Fluidic Chemical Reactor Systems: Development, Scale-Up and Demonstration

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-11-01

B) A ) Figure 1: Gas Phase Microreactor . ( A ) Photograph of device. (B) Top view schematic. (C) Side view across channel. ( D ) Side view along... Microreactor system showing controller, heater power, fluid mixing, and microreactor cards (as in Figure 14) in a PCI chassis... microreactor design used for gas-phase heterogeneous reactions is a microchannel device that can be integrated with a heat exchange layer for highly

A Facile Synthesis of Dynamic, Shape-Changing Polymer Particles

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-04-02

utilizing functional surfactants to control the phase separation of symmetric polystyrene- b -poly(2-vinylpyr- idine) ( PS - b - P2VP ) in dispersed droplets...Figure 1. Schematic representation of a mixed surfactant strategy for controlling the self-assembly of PS - b - P2VP and the generation of particles with...surfactant mixtures to control the phase separation of the symmetric polystyrene- b -poly(2-vinylpyridine) ( PS - b - P2VP ) block copolymers (BCPs) within

Biological Motion Primes the Animate/Inanimate Distinction in Infancy

PubMed Central

Poulin-Dubois, Diane; Crivello, Cristina; Wright, Kristyn

2015-01-01

Given that biological motion is both detected and preferred early in life, we tested the hypothesis that biological motion might be instrumental to infants’ differentiation of animate and inanimate categories. Infants were primed with either point-light displays of realistic biological motion, random motion, or schematic biological motion of an unfamiliar shape. After being habituated to these displays, 12-month-old infants categorized animals and vehicles as well as furniture and vehicles with the sequential touching task. The findings indicated that infants primed with point-light displays of realistic biological motion showed better categorization of animates than those exposed to random or schematic biological motion. These results suggest that human biological motion might be one of the motion cues that provide the building blocks for infants’ concept of animacy. PMID:25659077

Analyses of kinetic glass transition in short-range attractive colloids based on time-convolutionless mode-coupling theory.

PubMed

Narumi, Takayuki; Tokuyama, Michio

2017-03-01

For short-range attractive colloids, the phase diagram of the kinetic glass transition is studied by time-convolutionless mode-coupling theory (TMCT). Using numerical calculations, TMCT is shown to recover all the remarkable features predicted by the mode-coupling theory for attractive colloids: the glass-liquid-glass reentrant, the glass-glass transition, and the higher-order singularities. It is also demonstrated through the comparisons with the results of molecular dynamics for the binary attractive colloids that TMCT improves the critical values of the volume fraction. In addition, a schematic model of three control parameters is investigated analytically. It is thus confirmed that TMCT can describe the glass-glass transition and higher-order singularities even in such a schematic model.

A Cradle-to-Grave Integrated Approach to Using UNIFORMAT II

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schneider, Richard C.; Cain, David A.

2009-01-01

The ASTM E1557/UNIFORMAT II standard is a three-level, function-oriented classification which links the schematic phase Preliminary Project Descriptions (PPD), based on Construction Standard Institute (CSI) Practice FF/180, to elemental cost estimates based on R.S. Means Cost Data. With the UNIFORMAT II Standard Classification for Building…

An Example Emphasizing Mass-Volume Relationships for Problem Solving in Soils

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heitman, J. L.; Vepraskas, M. J.

2009-01-01

Mass-volume relationships are a useful tool emphasized for problem solving in many geo-science and engineering applications. These relationships also have useful applications in soil science. Developing soils students' ability to utilize mass-volume relationships through schematic diagrams of soil phases (i.e., air, water, and solid) can help to…

Gender Schematic Development within the Family Context.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sokal, Laura; Seifert, Kelvin; Piotrowski, Caroline

Organizing the world into masculine and feminine categories is a process called "gender schematicity." High gender schematicity has been linked with children's inclination to self-select out of certain learning opportunities that they deem gender-inappropriate. This study examined gender schematicity among kindergartners and…

Schematic driven silicon photonics design

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chrostowski, Lukas; Lu, Zeqin; Flückiger, Jonas; Pond, James; Klein, Jackson; Wang, Xu; Li, Sarah; Tai, Wei; Hsu, En Yao; Kim, Chan; Ferguson, John; Cone, Chris

2016-03-01

Electronic circuit designers commonly start their design process with a schematic, namely an abstract representation of the physical circuit. In integrated photonics on the other hand, it is very common for the design to begin at the physical component level. In order to build large integrated photonic systems, it is crucial to design using a schematic-driven approach. This includes simulations based on schematics, schematic-driven layout, layout versus schematic verification, and post-layout simulations. This paper describes such a design framework implemented using Mentor Graphics and Lumerical Solutions design tools. In addition, we describe challenges in silicon photonics related to manufacturing, and how these can be taken into account in simulations and how these impact circuit performance.

Classical analysis of quantum phase transitions in a bilayer model.

PubMed

Figueiredo, Mariane Camargos; Cotta, Tathiana Moreira; Pellegrino, Giancarlo Queiroz

2010-01-01

In this Brief Report we extend the classical analysis performed on the schematic model proposed in [T. Moreira, G. Q. Pellegrino, J. G. Peixoto de Faria, M. C. Nemes, F. Camargo, and A. F. R. Toledo Piza, Phys. Rev. E 77, 051102 (2008)] concerning quantum phase transitions in a bilayer system. We show that appropriate integrations along the classical periodic orbits reproduce with excellent agreement both the quantum spectrum and the expected mean value for the number of excitons in the system, quantities which are directly related to the observed boson-fermion quantum phase transition.

The Interactive Origin and the Aesthetic Modelling of Image-Schemas and Primary Metaphors.

PubMed

Martínez, Isabel C; Español, Silvia A; Pérez, Diana I

2018-06-02

According to the theory of conceptual metaphor, image-schemas and primary metaphors are preconceptual structures configured in human cognition, based on sensory-motor environmental activity. Focusing on the way both non-conceptual structures are embedded in early social interaction, we provide empirical evidence for the interactive and intersubjective ontogenesis of image-schemas and primary metaphors. We present the results of a multimodal image-schematic microanalysis of three interactive infant-directed performances (the composition of movement, touch, speech, and vocalization that adults produce for-and-with the infants). The microanalyses show that adults aesthetically highlight the image-schematic structures embedded in the multimodal composition of the performance, and that primary metaphors are also lived as embedded in these inter-enactive experiences. The findings allow corroborating that the psychological domains of cognition and affection are not in rivalry or conflict but rather intertwined in meaningful experiences.

NBIT Program Phase I (2007-2010). Part 1, Chapters 1 Through 4

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-08-27

2 schematically shows the sample prepared before hydrothermal synthesis . The thin layer of Zn was convered to ZnO nanowires during hydrothermal ... Nanoparticle -Based Magnetically Amplified Surface Plasmon Resonance (Mag-SPR) Techniques; Jinwoo Cheon (Yonsei University, Korea) and A. Paul...Ion; Chapter 3 ? Ultra-Sensitive Biological Detection via Nanoparticle -Based Magnetically Amplified Surface Plasmon Resonance (Mag-SPR) Techniques

Technical Operations Support III (TOPS III). Delivery Order 0081: Novel Pitch Materials for High Thermal Conductivity Carbon Fibers, Foams and Composites - Phase 3

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-06-01

mm Diameter Barrel and (c) a 12-Hole Spinneret with 150 Micrometer Diameter Holes...6  3. A Schematic of a Mounted Specimen for Compressive Testing Using a High-Speed Camera for Capturing...Tension-Recoil Compressive ..................................................................... 8  4. SEM Images of Oxidized 0 wt% ARHP Mesophase Pitch

Schematic for efficient computation of GC, GC3, and AT3 bias spectra of genome

PubMed Central

Rizvi, Ahsan Z; Venu Gopal, T; Bhattacharya, C

2012-01-01

Selection of synonymous codons for an amino acid is biased in protein translation process. This biased selection causes repetition of synonymous codons in structural parts of genome that stands for high N/3 peaks in DNA spectrum. Period-3 spectral property is utilized here to produce a 3-phase network model based on polyphase filterbank concepts for derivation of codon bias spectra (CBS). Modification of parameters in this model can produce GC, GC3, and AT3 bias spectra. Complete schematic in LabVIEW platform is presented here for efficient and parallel computation of GC, GC3, and AT3 bias spectra of genomes alongwith results of CBS patterns. We have performed the correlation coefficient analysis of GC, GC3, and AT3 bias spectra with codon bias patterns of CBS for biological and statistical significance of this model. PMID:22368390

Schematic for efficient computation of GC, GC3, and AT3 bias spectra of genome.

PubMed

Rizvi, Ahsan Z; Venu Gopal, T; Bhattacharya, C

2012-01-01

Selection of synonymous codons for an amino acid is biased in protein translation process. This biased selection causes repetition of synonymous codons in structural parts of genome that stands for high N/3 peaks in DNA spectrum. Period-3 spectral property is utilized here to produce a 3-phase network model based on polyphase filterbank concepts for derivation of codon bias spectra (CBS). Modification of parameters in this model can produce GC, GC3, and AT3 bias spectra. Complete schematic in LabVIEW platform is presented here for efficient and parallel computation of GC, GC3, and AT3 bias spectra of genomes alongwith results of CBS patterns. We have performed the correlation coefficient analysis of GC, GC3, and AT3 bias spectra with codon bias patterns of CBS for biological and statistical significance of this model.

Platform-independent method for computer aided schematic drawings

DOEpatents

Vell, Jeffrey L [Slingerlands, NY; Siganporia, Darius M [Clifton Park, NY; Levy, Arthur J [Fort Lauderdale, FL

2012-02-14

A CAD/CAM method is disclosed for a computer system to capture and interchange schematic drawing and associated design information. The schematic drawing and design information are stored in an extensible, platform-independent format.

Controllable Liquid Artificial Dielectric S-Band Phase Shifters

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-02-01

RVOS’TAT 114 Ih 1,0. IE F LONT TUBIOG SYSTEM uo Figure 4-1. Flow Sytem Schematic for Ku-Bland Cell 35 investigations of the effects of fMow on permitviity...of the effort spent *a the pb&*-i abithir bIa been deted to this facet of Pbhe fovestignton uslig the sep abm in nFigure 7-10. bumina!tios were made

Investigation of Chemically Vapor Deposited Tantalum for Medium Caliber Gun Barrel Protection

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-10-01

electrodeposition ) by December 31, 2006. As a result of this ordinance, several efforts were initiated to investigate the use of environmentally...catalyzed reactions (i.e., heterogeneous as compared to homogeneous where the reactions nucleate in the gas phase). The occurrence of a chemical reaction...Precursor Desorption of Volatile Surface Reaction Products Adsorption of Film Precursor Nucleation and Growth Transport Transport Figure 2. Schematic

Geometrical Effects in Two-Dimensional Arrays of Josephson Junctions

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-05-01

Iot (4.3.4.b) dyd a .. s -f sin =o0 (4.3.4.c) ~r Tdr n snadrs where a, 13, and rare the gauge-invariant phase differences denoted in Fig. 4.8. If we...Receive Slit Coils *_ * Slit Set-screw / -Tr Drive Coil IDrive Leads if Coil Fig. 8.7. Schematic drawing of the two-coil mututal-inductance apparatus we

Differential effects of an adult observer's presence on sex-typed play behavior: A comparison between gender-schematic and gender-aschematic preschool children.

PubMed

Wilansky-Traynor, Pamela; Lobel, Thalma E

2008-08-01

The present study examined the differential effect of an adult observer's presence on the sex-typed play behavior of gender schematic and aschematic preschoolers. A total of 116 Israeli preschoolers (M age = 64.9 months) participated in the study. Children were classified as either gender schematic or aschematic based upon responses to a computerized measure of different sex stereotype components. Children's play behavior with gender typical and atypical, attractive and unattractive, toys was videotaped. An observer was present for half the children's play and absent for the other half's play. Observation status affected the aschematic, but not the schematic, children's play with gender typical toys. For example, observed aschematic boys spent a greater percent of time playing with the unattractive masculine toys compared to unobserved aschematic boys. This difference was not apparent for schematic boys. Additionally, a difference found for schematic boys was not apparent in schematic girls, i.e., when unobserved, schematic boys tended to spend a greater percent of time playing with the unattractive masculine toy than aschematic boys. Further, some differences were found for unattractive, and not attractive, toys. For instance, observed aschematic boys spent a greater percent of time playing with the unattractive masculine toy than did the unobserved aschematic boys. This gap was not found for the attractive masculine toy. Results are discussed with reference to the accessibility and complexity of gender schemas.

Cognitive Consequences of the Negative Self.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wurf, Elissa; Markus, Hazel

Research on self-concept has usually focused on neutral or positive personality characteristics. To determine if negative beliefs about the self have schematic properities, 55 college students, assigned to one of four groups (shy schematics, shy aschematics, independent schematics, independent aschematics), based on a prescreening self-rating on…

Schematic displays for the Space Shuttle Orbiter multifunction cathode-ray-tube display system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Weiss, W.

1979-01-01

A standardized procedure for developing cathode ray tube displayed schematic diagrams. The displaying of Spacelab information on the space shuttle orbiter multifunction cathode ray tube display system is used to illustrate this procedure. Schematic displays with the equivalent tabular displays are compared.

Phase transitions in the sdg interacting boson model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Van Isacker, P.; Bouldjedri, A.; Zerguine, S.

2010-05-01

A geometric analysis of the sdg interacting boson model is performed. A coherent state is used in terms of three types of deformation: axial quadrupole ( β), axial hexadecapole ( β) and triaxial ( γ). The phase-transitional structure is established for a schematic sdg Hamiltonian which is intermediate between four dynamical symmetries of U(15), namely the spherical U(5)⊗U(9), the (prolate and oblate) deformed SU(3) and the γ-soft SO(15) limits. For realistic choices of the Hamiltonian parameters the resulting phase diagram has properties close to what is obtained in the sd version of the model and, in particular, no transition towards a stable triaxial shape is found.

Multiply Degenerate Exceptional Points and Quantum Phase Transitions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Borisov, Denis I.; Ružička, František; Znojil, Miloslav

2015-12-01

The realization of a genuine phase transition in quantum mechanics requires that at least one of the Kato's exceptional-point parameters becomes real. A new family of finite-dimensional and time-parametrized quantum-lattice models with such a property is proposed and studied. All of them exhibit, at a real exceptional-point time t = 0, the Jordan-block spectral degeneracy structure of some of their observables sampled by Hamiltonian H( t) and site-position Q( t). The passes through the critical instant t = 0 are interpreted as schematic simulations of non-equivalent versions of the Big-Bang-like quantum catastrophes.

Innovative Aircraft Design Study. Task II. Nuclear Aircraft Concepts

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-04-01

simple cycle and system with no feedwater heating, reheating, or moisture removal from the turbine. The steam Rankine cycle is schematically shown in... cycle . With the SO Rankine cycle , the fluid is heated supercritically without a phase change, thereby reducing the complexity of the heater as...one and ten percent lighter in ramp weight than the other candidates at both payloads. Analyses of several Rankine and Brayton nuclear propulsion cycles

Guidelines for the Development of Procedural Schematics for Research.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dolim, Michael P.

To aid the student or researcher in the development of an effective procedural schematic (a graphic description of a research plan showing the steps needed to reach a stated objective), guidelines are presented under three topic headings: Compositional elements, taxonomy of research terms, and examples of procedural schematics. An introduction…

43 CFR 3274.11 - What must I give BLM to approve my commercial use permit application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... configuration, including meters; (f) A schematic flow diagram of the utilization facility, including... calibration schedule of production, injection, and royalty meters; (b) A schematic diagram of the utilization... is located off the utilization site, give us a generalized schematic diagram of the electrical...

43 CFR 3274.11 - What must I give BLM to approve my commercial use permit application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... configuration, including meters; (f) A schematic flow diagram of the utilization facility, including... calibration schedule of production, injection, and royalty meters; (b) A schematic diagram of the utilization... is located off the utilization site, give us a generalized schematic diagram of the electrical...

43 CFR 3274.11 - What must I give BLM to approve my commercial use permit application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... configuration, including meters; (f) A schematic flow diagram of the utilization facility, including... calibration schedule of production, injection, and royalty meters; (b) A schematic diagram of the utilization... is located off the utilization site, give us a generalized schematic diagram of the electrical...

43 CFR 3274.11 - What must I give BLM to approve my commercial use permit application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... configuration, including meters; (f) A schematic flow diagram of the utilization facility, including... calibration schedule of production, injection, and royalty meters; (b) A schematic diagram of the utilization... is located off the utilization site, give us a generalized schematic diagram of the electrical...

What’s the Gist? The influence of schemas on the neural correlates underlying true and false memories

PubMed Central

Webb, Christina E.; Turney, Indira C.; Dennis, Nancy A.

2017-01-01

The current study used a novel scene paradigm to investigate the role of encoding schemas on memory. Specifically, the study examined the influence of a strong encoding schema on retrieval of both schematic and non-schematic information, as well as false memories for information associated with the schema. Additionally, the separate roles of recollection and familiarity in both veridical and false memory retrieval were examined. The study identified several novel results. First, while many common neural regions mediated both schematic and non-schematic retrieval success, schematic recollection exhibited greater activation in visual cortex and hippocampus, regions commonly shown to mediate detailed retrieval. More effortful cognitive control regions in the prefrontal and parietal cortices, on the other hand, supported non-schematic recollection, while lateral temporal cortices supported familiarity-based retrieval of non-schematic items. Second, both true and false recollection, as well as familiarity, were mediated by activity in left middle temporal gyrus, a region associated with semantic processing and retrieval of schematic gist. Moreover, activity in this region was greater for both false recollection and false familiarity, suggesting a greater reliance on lateral temporal cortices for retrieval of illusory memories, irrespective of memory strength. Consistent with previous false memory studies, visual cortex showed increased activity for true compared to false recollection, suggesting that visual cortices are critical for distinguishing between previously viewed targets and related lures at retrieval. Additionally, the absence of common visual activity between true and false retrieval suggests that, unlike previous studies utilizing visual stimuli, when false memories are predicated on schematic gist and not perceptual overlap, there is little reliance on visual processes during false memory retrieval. Finally, the medial temporal lobe exhibited an interesting dissociation, showing greater activity for true compared to false recollection, as well as for false compared to true familiarity. These results provided an indication as to how different types of items are retrieved when studied within a highly schematic context. Results both replicate and extend previous true and false memory findings, supporting the Fuzzy Trace Theory. PMID:27697593

What's the gist? The influence of schemas on the neural correlates underlying true and false memories.

PubMed

Webb, Christina E; Turney, Indira C; Dennis, Nancy A

2016-12-01

The current study used a novel scene paradigm to investigate the role of encoding schemas on memory. Specifically, the study examined the influence of a strong encoding schema on retrieval of both schematic and non-schematic information, as well as false memories for information associated with the schema. Additionally, the separate roles of recollection and familiarity in both veridical and false memory retrieval were examined. The study identified several novel results. First, while many common neural regions mediated both schematic and non-schematic retrieval success, schematic recollection exhibited greater activation in visual cortex and hippocampus, regions commonly shown to mediate detailed retrieval. More effortful cognitive control regions in the prefrontal and parietal cortices, on the other hand, supported non-schematic recollection, while lateral temporal cortices supported familiarity-based retrieval of non-schematic items. Second, both true and false recollection, as well as familiarity, were mediated by activity in left middle temporal gyrus, a region associated with semantic processing and retrieval of schematic gist. Moreover, activity in this region was greater for both false recollection and false familiarity, suggesting a greater reliance on lateral temporal cortices for retrieval of illusory memories, irrespective of memory strength. Consistent with previous false memory studies, visual cortex showed increased activity for true compared to false recollection, suggesting that visual cortices are critical for distinguishing between previously viewed targets and related lures at retrieval. Additionally, the absence of common visual activity between true and false retrieval suggests that, unlike previous studies utilizing visual stimuli, when false memories are predicated on schematic gist and not perceptual overlap, there is little reliance on visual processes during false memory retrieval. Finally, the medial temporal lobe exhibited an interesting dissociation, showing greater activity for true compared to false recollection, as well as for false compared to true familiarity. These results provided an indication as to how different types of items are retrieved when studied within a highly schematic context. Results both replicate and extend previous true and false memory findings, supporting the Fuzzy Trace Theory. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Developmental and Individual Differences in Preschoolers' Recognition Memories: The Influences of Gender Schematization and Verbal Labeling of Information.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levy, Gary D.

1989-01-01

Examines developmental and individual differences in the effects of gender schematization on young children's memories for gender-typed information, and investigates the interactive effects of children's age, gender schematization, and verbal labeling of information on preschoolers' memories for gender typed information. (JS)

Schematic driven layout of Reed Solomon encoders

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Arave, Kari; Canaris, John; Miles, Lowell; Whitaker, Sterling

1992-01-01

Two Reed Solomon error correcting encoders are presented. Schematic driven layout tools were used to create the encoder layouts. Special consideration had to be given to the architecture and logic to provide scalability of the encoder designs. Knowledge gained from these projects was used to create a more flexible schematic driven layout system.

All optical controlled photonic integrated circuits using azo dye functionized sol-gel material

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ke, Xianjun

The main focus of this dissertation is development and characterization of all-optical controllable azo dye functionized sol gel material, demonstrating a PIC fabrication technique on glass substrate using such material, and exploration and feasibility demonstration of three PIC functional devices namely optical variable attenuator, optical switches, and optical tunable filters using the material. The realization of all the devices in this dissertation are based on one material: dye functionalized sol-gel material. A photochromic sol-gel material functionalized with azo dye was synthesized and characterized. It possesses a photochromic characteristic under the control of green laser beam illumination. The material characteristics suggest the possibility of a new promising material platform candidate for the fabrication of alloptical controlled photonic integrated circuits. As the first potential application of the dye functionalized sol-gel material, an alloptical variable attenuator was designed and demonstrated. The optical variable attenuation is achieved in Mach-Zehnder interferometric configuration through all-optical modulation of sol-gel waveguide phase shifters. A 2 x 2 optical switch based on multimode interference (MMI) waveguide structure is proposed in the dissertation. The schematic configuration of the optical switch consists of a cascade of two identical MMIs with two all-optical controlled phase shifters realized by using the photochromic sol-gel material. The cross or bar switch state of the optical switch is determined by the phase difference between the two sol-gel waveguide phase shifters. An all-optical tunable filter is designed and its feasibility demonstrated by using the sol-gel photochromic material. Except for the phase change demonstrated on sol-gel waveguide phase shifters, dynamic gratings were observed on sol-gel film when exposed to two interference beams. This reveals the possibility of realizing Bragg grating-based tunable filters. The schematic configuration of proposed tunable filters consists of a single straight waveguide embedded with a sol-gel waveguide. The wavelength tuning of the tunable filters is accomplished by varying the grating period.

Space station experiment definition: Long-term cryogenic fluid storage

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jetley, R. L.; Scarlotti, R. D.

1987-01-01

The conceptual design of a space station Technology Development Mission (TDM) experiment to demonstrate and evaluate cryogenic fluid storage and transfer technologies is presented. The experiment will be deployed on the initial operational capability (IOC) space station for a four-year duration. It is modular in design, consisting of three phases to test the following technologies: passive thermal technologies (phase 1), fluid transfer (phase 2), and active refrigeration (phase 3). Use of existing hardware was a primary consideration throughout the design effort. A conceptual design of the experiment was completed, including configuration sketches, system schematics, equipment specifications, and space station resources and interface requirements. These requirements were entered into the NASA Space Station Mission Data Base. A program plan was developed defining a twelve-year development and flight plan. Program cost estimates are given.

16 CFR Figure 3 to Subpart A of... - Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side Elevation

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side Elevation 3 Figure 3 to Subpart A of Part 1209 Commercial Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION.... 1209, Subpt. A, Fig. 3 Figure 3 to Subpart A of Part 1209—Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side...

16 CFR Figure 3 to Subpart A of... - Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side Elevation

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side Elevation 3 Figure 3 to Subpart A of Part 1209 Commercial Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION.... 1209, Subpt. A, Fig. 3 Figure 3 to Subpart A of Part 1209—Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side...

16 CFR Figure 3 to Subpart A of... - Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side Elevation

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side Elevation 3 Figure 3 to Subpart A of Part 1209 Commercial Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION.... 1209, Subpt. A, Fig. 3 Figure 3 to Subpart A of Part 1209—Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side...

16 CFR Figure 3 to Subpart A of... - Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side Elevation

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side Elevation 3 Figure 3 to Subpart A of Part 1209 Commercial Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION.... 1209, Subpt. A, Fig. 3 Figure 3 to Subpart A of Part 1209—Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side...

16 CFR Figure 3 to Subpart A of... - Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side Elevation

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side Elevation 3 Figure 3 to Subpart A of Part 1209 Commercial Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION.... 1209, Subpt. A, Fig. 3 Figure 3 to Subpart A of Part 1209—Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side...

A New Sensor Based Upon a Rotating-Coil Electromagnetic Induction Concept

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-12-01

of determining the transmitter coil position. The position must be known to produce a reference signal for the synchronous detector described in...schematically shown in Figure 14.3 Figure 14. Block diagram of the lock-in amplifier. This AC to DC conversion is performed by a phase- sensitive ... detector (PSD). It rectifies only the signal of interest while suppressing the noise or interfering signal components that may accompany the signal. To

Microstructurally Engineered Armor System for Enhanced Survivability through Optimum Energy and Momentum Dissipation

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-18

Raleigh, NC 27695 -7514 REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE b. ABSTRACT UU c . THIS PAGE UU 2. REPORT TYPE Final Report 17. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT UU 15. NUMBER...Experimental and Computational Investigation of High Strength Aluminum Alloys, The Metals Society Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA, February, 2009 ( c ...on the characterization of microstructure see [21]. Fig. 3 ( c ) summarizes by schematic the different secondary phases and their associated length

Hierarchical CAD Tools for Radiation Hardened Mixed Signal Electronic Circuits

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-01-28

11 Figure 3: Schematic of Analog and Digital Components 12 Figure 4: Dose Rate Syntax 14 Figure 5: Single Event Effects (SEE) Syntax 15 Figure 6...Harmony-AMS simulation of a Digital Phase Locked Loop 19 Figure 10: SEE results from DPLL Simulation 20 Figure 11: Published results used for validation...analog and digital circuitry. Combining the analog and digital elements onto a single chip has several advantages, but also creates unique challenges

Low Friction Hull Coatings for Icebreakers. Phase II, Parts I and II. Laboratory and Field Tests

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-02-01

is a hybrid of the above systems . It contains no solvent, can cure at room temperature, is flexible and exhibits good wear characteristics. This...31 Figure I-12 Schematic of Humidity Control System Figure I-13 Effect of Velocity on the Friction Coefficient of...Application of a Conventional Epoxy System and a Vinyl Antifoul Photographs of the USCG Cutter Mackinaw during and after Application of Polyurethane Coating

Finite spaces and schemes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sancho de Salas, Fernando

2017-12-01

A ringed finite space is a ringed space whose underlying topological space is finite. The category of ringed finite spaces contains, fully faithfully, the category of finite topological spaces and the category of affine schemes. Any ringed space, endowed with a finite open covering, produces a ringed finite space. We introduce the notions of schematic finite space and schematic morphism, showing that they behave, with respect to quasi-coherence, like schemes and morphisms of schemes do. Finally, we construct a fully faithful and essentially surjective functor from a localization of a full subcategory of the category of schematic finite spaces and schematic morphisms to the category of quasi-compact and quasi-separated schemes.

Fuels and Lubricants Influence on Turbine Engine Design and Performance

DTIC Science & Technology

1974-08-01

Temperatures, Mission A. 30 16. Misrion A Interceptor ECS SchemaLiu. 32 17. GEl4/FLiTE-2A Fuel Delivery System Schematic. 34 18. GE14 /FLITE-2A Oil Sump...Layout Drawing. 36 19. G0E4/FL,I’LE-2A LubriaLiui SysLem Schematic. 37 20. GEl4/FLITE-2A Fluid Power System Schematic. 41 21. GE14 /FLITE-2A Fluid Syqtem...Schematic. 1 35 63. GEI4/FI,ITE-2B ThermaL Profiles, MIL-L-27502. 140 64. GE14 /FLIT.-2B Thermal Profiles, 500’ F E’ster. 141 .ix 7 LIST OF ILUWSTRAT LON

Space station group activities habitability module study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nixon, David

1986-01-01

This study explores and analyzes architectural design approaches for the interior of the Space Station Habitability Module (originally defined as Habitability Module 1 in Space Station Reference Configuration Decription, JSC-19989, August 1984). In the Research Phase, architectural program and habitability design guidelines are specified. In the Schematic Design Phase, a range of alternative concepts is described and illustrated with drawings, scale-model photographs and design analysis evaluations. Recommendations are presented on the internal architectural, configuration of the Space Station Habitability Module for such functions as the wardroom, galley, exercise facility, library and station control work station. The models show full design configurations for on-orbit performance.

The development of a fiber optics communication network for controlling a Multidegree-Of-Freedom Serpentine Truss

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andrawis, Alfred S.

1994-10-01

The problem addressed by this report is the large size and heavy weight of the cable bundle, used for controlling a Multidegree-Of-Freedom Serpentine Truss Manipulator arm, which imposes limitations on the manipulator arm maneuverability. This report covers a design of an optical fiber network to replace the existing copper wire network of the Serpentine Truss Manipulator. This report proposes a fiber network design which significantly reduces the bundle size into two phases. The first phase does not require any modifications for the manipulator architecture, while the other requires major modifications. Design philosophy, hardware details and schematic diagrams are presented.

The development of a fiber optics communication network for controlling a Multidegree-Of-Freedom Serpentine Truss

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Andrawis, Alfred S.

1994-01-01

The problem addressed by this report is the large size and heavy weight of the cable bundle, used for controlling a Multidegree-Of-Freedom Serpentine Truss Manipulator arm, which imposes limitations on the manipulator arm maneuverability. This report covers a design of an optical fiber network to replace the existing copper wire network of the Serpentine Truss Manipulator. This report proposes a fiber network design which significantly reduces the bundle size into two phases. The first phase does not require any modifications for the manipulator architecture, while the other requires major modifications. Design philosophy, hardware details and schematic diagrams are presented.

Radiation Effects in Dual Heat Sinks for Cooling of Concentrated Photovoltaics

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-01

Schematic of a Concentrated Photovoltaic System . Source: [4]..................2 Figure 2. Temperature-Efficiency Curves of Select Solar Cells. Adapted from...in contrast to conventional systems . Conventional photovoltaics simply have incident solar radiation impinge on a semiconductor, CPV uses magnifying...reduce system cost. Figure 1 shows a concept schematic of a basic CPV system . Figure 1. Schematic of a Concentrated Photovoltaic System . Source

Optical Materials Characterization, Final Technical Report February 1, 1978-September 30, 1978

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-02-01

FIGURES PAGE Figure 1. (a) Schematic of spectrometer used for visible region refractometry . (b) Schematic of spectrometer used for non-,visible...region refractometry . Symbols: A = source, B = divided circle, C = prism table, D = collimator, E = telescope, F = collimating mirror, G = movable... refractometry . (b) Schematic of spectrometer used for non- visible region refractometry . Symbols: A = source, B = divided circle, C = prism table

High Efficiency Large-Angle Pancharatnam Phase Deflector Based on Dual Twist Design

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-12-16

previous approaches have been reported, with an even wider range of potential applications8-13. Figure 1a shows the schematics of a thin- film beam...using a liquid crystal device. SID Symp. Dig. Tech. Papers 45, 739–742 (2014). 10. Gao, K., Cheng, H. H., Bhowmik, A. K. & Bos, P. J. Thin- film ...efficient thin- film polarizing beamsplitters for broadband light. Proc. SPIE 6682, 668211 (2007). Acknowledgements We express thanks for financial

Turbine Fuels from Tar Sands Bitumen and Heavy Oil. Phase I. Preliminary Process Analysis.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-04-09

OIL RESERVOIRS OF THE UNITED STATES Resource: Oil -in-Place State Field Name (County) (Million Bbls.) Arkansas Smackover Old (Union) 1,6U0 California...Flow Schematic for Gas Oil Feed Hydrotreater 94 14 Summary of Case Studies for Processing Bitumen from New Mexico 95 15 Summary of Case Studies for...Naphtha Hydrotreating Process Estimates 112 14 Gas Oil Hydrocracking Process Estimates 113 l! Gas Oil Hydrotreating Process Estimate 114 16 Fluid

Life prediction methodology for ceramic components of advanced heat engines. Phase 1: Volume 2, Appendices

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1995-03-01

This volume presents the following appendices: ceramic test specimen drawings and schematics, mixed-mode and biaxial stress fracture of structural ceramics for advanced vehicular heat engines (U. Utah), mode I/mode II fracture toughness and tension/torsion fracture strength of NT154 Si nitride (Brown U.), summary of strength test results and fractography, fractography photographs, derivations of statistical models, Weibull strength plots for fast fracture test specimens, and size functions.

Mechanical Testing of Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics at 1500 C in Air - Development of an Experimental Facility and Test Method

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-03-26

SiC. TEM micrograph courtesy of R. S . Hay (AFRL/RXCC). ...................33 Fig. 5. Schematic of HfB2-based UHTC test specimen...the early work performed by the U. S . Air force and NASA was the identification of hafnium diboride (HfB2) and zirconium diboride (ZrB2) as good high...sintering, reactive routes, and spark plasma sintering. ~ 14 ~ Because diborides exhibit strong covalent bonding and low self-diffusion, high

A portable wheel tester for tyre-road friction and rolling resistance determination

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pytka, J.; Budzyński, P.; Tarkowski, P.; Piaskowski, M.

2016-09-01

The paper describes theory of operation, design and construction as well as results from primarily experiments with a portable wheel tester that has been developed by the authors as a device for on-site determination of tyre-road braking/driving friction and rolling resistance. The paper includes schematics, drawings, descriptions as well as graphical results form early tests with the presented device. It is expected that the tester can be useful in road accident reconstruction applications as well as in vehicle dynamics research.

Maritime Geostrategy and the Development of the Chinese Navy in the Early Twenty-First Century

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-01-01

海军兵力部署与基地体系示意 图” [A Schematic Diagram of the U.S. Naval Forces Deployed and System of Bases in the Western Pacific], 舰船 知 识 [Naval & Mer- chant Ships...available at www.isa.org.jm/ en/default.htm; 李尚诣 [Li Shangyi], “认 知 海洋, 开发海洋” [Know the Ocean, Develop the Ocean], 矿冶工程 [Mining and Metallurgical

Evolution of Constitution, Structure, and Morphology in FeCo-Based Multicomponent Alloys

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, R.; Stoica, M.; Liu, G.; Eckert, J.

2010-07-01

Constituent phases, melting behaviors, and microstructure of multicomponent (Fe0.5Co0.5) x (Mo0.1C0.2B0.5Si0.2)100- x alloys ( x = 95, 90, 85, 80, and 70) produced by copper mold casting were evaluated by various analysis techniques, i.e., X-ray diffractometry, scanning electronic microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and differential scanning calorimetry. Metastable Fe3C- and Cr23C6-type phases were identified in the chill-cast alloys. A schematic illustration was proposed to explain the evolution of constituent phases and microstructure for the alloys with x = 95, 90, and 85 during the solidification process, which could be applicable to controlling microstructural formation of other multicomponent alloys with similar microstructures by artificially adjusting the composition.

Design and implementation of GaAs HBT circuits with ACME

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hutchings, Brad L.; Carter, Tony M.

1993-01-01

GaAs HBT circuits offer high performance (5-20 GHz) and radiation hardness (500 Mrad) that is attractive for space applications. ACME is a CAD tool specifically developed for HBT circuits. ACME implements a novel physical schematic-capture design technique where designers simultaneously view the structure and physical organization of a circuit. ACME's design interface is similar to schematic capture; however, unlike conventional schematic capture, designers can directly control the physical placement of both function and interconnect at the schematic level. In addition, ACME provides design-time parasitic extraction, complex wire models, and extensions to Multi-Chip Modules (MCM's). A GaAs HBT gate-array and semi-custom circuits have been developed with ACME; several circuits have been fabricated and found to be fully functional .

A computer aided engineering tool for ECLS systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bangham, Michal E.; Reuter, James L.

1987-01-01

The Computer-Aided Systems Engineering and Analysis tool used by NASA for environmental control and life support system design studies is capable of simulating atmospheric revitalization systems, water recovery and management systems, and single-phase active thermal control systems. The designer/analysis interface used is graphics-based, and allows the designer to build a model by constructing a schematic of the system under consideration. Data management functions are performed, and the program is translated into a format that is compatible with the solution routines.

The High Current RF (HCRF) LINAC Program.

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-11-01

oncept. PrOWm, Magnetice Madulatoof. CRC, DO De I IES. FacilityCrtcl. LA (200k Govl. Funds) CrtclCI CIA PHASE I It - Magntic Switchies Fab. Load Manetic 4...beam is shown in Figure 2.7. Figure 2.6 also shows the evolution of the beam pulse width and energy as it moves through the injector, the buncher and...ACCELERATOR ELECTRON BEAM PULSE FORMATS ( SINGLE -MACROPULSE- TRAIN) I Figure 2.6. HCRF accelerator schematic and electron beam pulsewidth and energy evolution

Activation analysis of admixtures in certain semiconductive materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Artyukhin, P. I.; Gilbert, E. P.; Pronin, V. A.

1978-01-01

The use of extractions and chromatographic operations to separate macrobases, and to divide elements into groups convenient for gamma-spectrometric analysis is discussed. Methods are described for the activation detection of some impurities in silicon, arsenic, thallium, and trichloromethylsilane, on the basis of the extraction properties of bis(2-chlorethyl ether) and dimethylbenzylalkylammonium chloride. A schematic diagram of the extraction separation of elements-admixture is presented showing the aqueous and organic phases. The content percentage of the various elements are given in tables.

Investigation of High Temperature Ductility Losses in Alpha-Beta Titanium Alloys

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-04-01

Gleeble simulation of GTAW thermal _ cycles, Figure 1.1 (6). They found that Ti-6AI-4V (Ti-64), Ti-6A1-2Nb-lTa-0.8Mo (Ti-6211), and Ti-6AI suffered...or weak beta stabilizers depending on the other alloying elements present. Vanadium, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, chromium , silicon, copper...elements. Chromium , - silicon, copper, manganese, cobalt, iron, and hydrogen are all eutectic formers. A schematic binary phase diagram of a 0 beta

Proceedings of the International Conference on Lasers 󈨝 (12th), Held in New Orleans, Louisiana on December 3-8, 1989.

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

schedule soon, while in the percutaneous one auto-fluorescence spectroscopy could be the closest technique to be effectively included in the angioplasty...experiments Dashed line: Amplifier mode experiments ( scheduled ) Fig. 3 Schematic of laser, pulsed power, and X-ray preionizer 3. Pulsed Power 4. X-Ray...of KrF Amplifier * scheduled ** estimated value 120 CONDENSED PHASE RARE GAS HALIDE EXCIPLEX LASERS V. Ara Apkarian Professor of Chemistry Department

Microstructural Characterization of HSLA-100 GMA-Weldments

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-09-01

Intermeiate Oxygen Regime ----------- 66 D.) Schematic CCT Diagram - --------------- 66 9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to express my appreciation to my thesis...have been observed in this research [review Figures 31 (a), (b) and 35 (a)]. Figure 38 (d) shows a schematic CCT diagram reported by Glover (Ref. 5) and...Regime B.) High Ox. gen Regime C. )Interme late Oxygen Regime D.1 Schematic CCT Diagram 66 LIST OF REFERENCES 1. Anderson, T.L., Hyatt J A West, J.C

Thin Refractory Films on Fused Silica Crucibles

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-07-01

9 4.1.4 Iridium 11 4.1.5 Boron Nitride (BN) 11 4.2 Adherence Testing 13 4.3 Metallography 13 5.0 Conclusions and Recommendations 16 Accession For...Chamber 4 2. Schematic of Crucible Coating Apparatus (SiC, NbN, and TiB 2) 6 3. Schematic of CVD Apparatus for Iridium 7 4. Schematic of Apparatus for...ultrahigh-purity coatings of silicon carbide (SiC), niobium nitride (NbN), titanium diboride (TiB2), iridium , and boron nitride (BN) onto the interior

Approach to Computer Implementation of Mathematical Model of 3-Phase Induction Motor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pustovetov, M. Yu

2018-03-01

This article discusses the development of the computer model of an induction motor based on the mathematical model in a three-phase stator reference frame. It uses an approach that allows combining during preparation of the computer model dual methods: means of visual programming circuitry (in the form of electrical schematics) and logical one (in the form of block diagrams). The approach enables easy integration of the model of an induction motor as part of more complex models of electrical complexes and systems. The developed computer model gives the user access to the beginning and the end of a winding of each of the three phases of the stator and rotor. This property is particularly important when considering the asymmetric modes of operation or when powered by the special circuitry of semiconductor converters.

Schematic of Sample Analysis at Mars SAM Instrument

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-01-18

This schematic illustration for NASA Mars Science Laboratory Sample Analysis at Mars SAM instrument shows major components of the microwave-oven-size instrument, which will examine samples of Martian rocks, soil and atmosphere.

Neural Schematics as a unified formal graphical representation of large-scale Neural Network Structures.

PubMed

Ehrlich, Matthias; Schüffny, René

2013-01-01

One of the major outcomes of neuroscientific research are models of Neural Network Structures (NNSs). Descriptions of these models usually consist of a non-standardized mixture of text, figures, and other means of visual information communication in print media. However, as neuroscience is an interdisciplinary domain by nature, a standardized way of consistently representing models of NNSs is required. While generic descriptions of such models in textual form have recently been developed, a formalized way of schematically expressing them does not exist to date. Hence, in this paper we present Neural Schematics as a concept inspired by similar approaches from other disciplines for a generic two dimensional representation of said structures. After introducing NNSs in general, a set of current visualizations of models of NNSs is reviewed and analyzed for what information they convey and how their elements are rendered. This analysis then allows for the definition of general items and symbols to consistently represent these models as Neural Schematics on a two dimensional plane. We will illustrate the possibilities an agreed upon standard can yield on sampled diagrams transformed into Neural Schematics and an example application for the design and modeling of large-scale NNSs.

Schematic representation of case study research designs.

PubMed

Rosenberg, John P; Yates, Patsy M

2007-11-01

The paper is a report of a study to demonstrate how the use of schematics can provide procedural clarity and promote rigour in the conduct of case study research. Case study research is a methodologically flexible approach to research design that focuses on a particular case - whether an individual, a collective or a phenomenon of interest. It is known as the 'study of the particular' for its thorough investigation of particular, real-life situations and is gaining increased attention in nursing and social research. However, the methodological flexibility it offers can leave the novice researcher uncertain of suitable procedural steps required to ensure methodological rigour. This article provides a real example of a case study research design that utilizes schematic representation drawn from a doctoral study of the integration of health promotion principles and practices into a palliative care organization. The issues discussed are: (1) the definition and application of case study research design; (2) the application of schematics in research; (3) the procedural steps and their contribution to the maintenance of rigour; and (4) the benefits and risks of schematics in case study research. The inclusion of visual representations of design with accompanying explanatory text is recommended in reporting case study research methods.

Introduction to the Portable Life Support Schematic and Technology Development Components

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Conger, Bruce

2008-01-01

Conger presented the operations and functions of the baseline Constellation Program (CxP) Portable Life Support System (PLSS) schematic and key development technologies. He explained the functional descriptions of the schematic components in the fluid systems of the PLSS for multiple operational scenarios. PLSS subsystems include the oxygen subsystem, the ventilation subsystem, and the thermal subsystem. He also presented the operational PLSS modes: Nominal EVA mode, Umbilical - no recharge mode, Umbilical - with recharge mode, BENDS mode, BUDDY mode, Secondary oxygen mode, and the PLSS-removed umbilical mode.

Kinetics of the chiral phase transition in a linear σ model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wesp, Christian; van Hees, Hendrik; Meistrenko, Alex; Greiner, Carsten

2018-02-01

We study the dynamics of the chiral phase transition in a linear quark-meson σ model using a novel approach based on semiclassical wave-particle duality. The quarks are treated as test particles in a Monte Carlo simulation of elastic collisions and the coupling to the σ meson, which is treated as a classical field, via a kinetic approach motivated by wave-particle duality. The exchange of energy and momentum between particles and fields is described in terms of appropriate Gaussian wave packets. It has been demonstrated that energy-momentum conservation and the principle of detailed balance are fulfilled, and that the dynamics leads to the correct equilibrium limit. First schematic studies of the dynamics of matter produced in heavy-ion collisions are presented.

Elevations, Major Component Isometric, Propellant Flow Schematic, and External Tank ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Elevations, Major Component Isometric, Propellant Flow Schematic, and External Tank Connection to Shuttle Main Engines - Space Transportation System, Space Shuttle Main Engine, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Parkway, Houston, Harris County, TX

Nuclear Thermal Rocket Element Environmental Simulator (NTREES)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schoenfeld, Michael

2009-01-01

A detailed description of the Nuclear Thermal Rocket Element Environmental Simulator (NTREES) is presented. The contents include: 1) Design Requirements; 2) NTREES Layout; 3) Data Acquisition and Control System Schematics; 4) NTREES System Schematic; and 5) NTREES Setup.

Phase-Sensitive Control Of Molecular Dissociation Through Attosecond Pump/Strong-Field Mid-IR Probe Spectroscopy

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-04-15

overarching goal of our program was to develop a novel laser and ion spectroscopy system and to use it for the study of strong-field light-matter...are accelerated into the ion TOF by means of a Fig. I.1 Schematic of ion spectroscopy with two color (EUV + mid-IR) laser fields, as constructed at...Abstract The overarching goal of our program was to develop a novel laser and ion spectroscopy system and to use it for the study of strong-field light

Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Ground Freezing Held at Hanover, New Hampshire on 22-24 June 1982.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-01-01

The cyclicly changing axial stresses a . and a are leading to the dynamic stress path which loads the frozen soil [MN/m’) samples. It is obvious that...Fig. 5 are related to a sinoidal dynamic axial loading . Figure a sample temperature of T = -10*C, in 4 shows schematically a triaxial test re- Fig. 6...Czajkowski (1978), Behaviour of Fro-ry phase was not reached. zen Clay under Cyclic Axial Loading , Journal of the Geotechnical Engineer- ing Division

High efficiency low cost monolithic module for SARSAT distress beacons

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Petersen, Wendell C.; Siu, Daniel P.

1992-01-01

The program objectives were to develop a highly efficient, low cost RF module for SARSAT beacons; achieve significantly lower battery current drain, amount of heat generated, and size of battery required; utilize MMIC technology to improve efficiency, reliability, packaging, and cost; and provide a technology database for GaAs based UHF RF circuit architectures. Presented in viewgraph form are functional block diagrams of the SARSAT distress beacon and beacon RF module as well as performance goals, schematic diagrams, predicted performances, and measured performances for the phase modulator and power amplifier.

30 CFR 252.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... include, but is not limited to, identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analyses, laboratory... geophysical information. Interpreted geological information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic... geological information. Interpreted geophysical information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic...

30 CFR 250.105 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analysis, laboratory analyses of physical and chemical... form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by determining the... means geophysical knowledge, often in the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional...

30 CFR 550.105 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analysis, laboratory analyses of physical and chemical... form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by determining the... means geophysical knowledge, often in the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional...

30 CFR 250.105 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... include, but is not limited to, identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analysis, laboratory... means geological knowledge, often in the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations... information. Interpreted geophysical information means geophysical knowledge, often in the form of schematic...

30 CFR 550.105 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analysis, laboratory analyses of physical and chemical... form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by determining the... means geophysical knowledge, often in the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional...

30 CFR 552.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... include, but is not limited to, identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analyses, laboratory... geophysical information. Interpreted geological information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic... geological information. Interpreted geophysical information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic...

30 CFR 552.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... include, but is not limited to, identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analyses, laboratory... geophysical information. Interpreted geological information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic... geological information. Interpreted geophysical information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic...

30 CFR 550.105 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analysis, laboratory analyses of physical and chemical... form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by determining the... means geophysical knowledge, often in the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional...

30 CFR 552.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... include, but is not limited to, identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analyses, laboratory... geophysical information. Interpreted geological information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic... geological information. Interpreted geophysical information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic...

30 CFR 252.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... include, but is not limited to, identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analyses, laboratory... geophysical information. Interpreted geological information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic... geological information. Interpreted geophysical information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic...

30 CFR 250.105 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... include, but is not limited to, identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analysis, laboratory... form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by determining the... means geophysical knowledge, often in the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional...

30 CFR 252.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... include, but is not limited to, identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analyses, laboratory... geophysical information. Interpreted geological information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic... geological information. Interpreted geophysical information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic...

Schematic microscopic approach to the description of M1 transitions between mixed-symmetry and fully symmetric collective states in {gamma}-soft nuclei based on RPA-IBM boson mapping

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jolos, R. V.; Shirikova, N. Yu.; Voronov, V. V.

A schematic microscopic method is developed to calculate the M1 transition probabilities between the mixed-symmetry and the fully symmetric states in {gamma}-soft nuclei. The method is based on the random-phase approximation-interacting boson model (RPA-IBM) boson mapping of the most collective isoscalar boson. All other boson modes with higher excitation energies, including the mixed-symmetry boson, are described in the framework of RPA. As an example the M1 transition probabilities are calculated for the {sup 124-134}Xe isotopes and compared with the experimental data. The results agree well with the data for the ratio B(M1;1{sub ms}{sup +}{yields}2{sub 2}{sup +})/B(M1;1{sub ms}{sup +}{yields}0{sub 1}{sup +}).more » However, the calculated ratio B(M1;2{sub ms}{sup +}{yields}2{sub 1}{sup +})/B(M1;1{sub ms}{sup +}{yields}0{sub 1}{sup +}) shows a significantly weaker dependence on the mass number than the experimental data.« less

Hydrothermal synthesis of vanadium pentoxide nanowires

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kumar, J. Santhosh; Thangadurai, P., E-mail: thangaduraip.nst@pondiuni.edu.in, E-mail: thangadurai.p@gmail.com

2016-05-23

Nanowires of V{sub 2}O{sub 5} were prepared via hydrothermal route using NH{sub 4}VO{sub 3} as precursor in the presence of sulfuric acid at 120°C for 24 h. This synthesis process is free of any templates and reducing agents. Thermal analysis showed a phase change at 350°C and the samples were annealed at 500°C. The XRD analysis showed the monoclinic phase for the as-prepared and orthorhombic phase of V{sub 2}O{sub 5} when annealed at 500°C. Characteristic Raman peaks also expressed the same structural features. Microstructure analysis by SEM showed the nanowire structure of V{sub 2}O{sub 5} with thickness in the range ofmore » 20–50 nm and length in micrometers. The possible mechanisms of formation of the nanowires were schematically explained based on the layered structure of V{sub 2}O{sub 5}.« less

30 CFR 250.105 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... include, but is not limited to, identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analysis, laboratory.... Interpreted geological information means geological knowledge, often in the form of schematic cross sections... knowledge, often in the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed...

30 CFR 250.105 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... include, but is not limited to, identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analysis, laboratory.... Interpreted geological information means geological knowledge, often in the form of schematic cross sections... knowledge, often in the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed...

33 CFR 150.15 - What must the operations manual include?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... structure and systems. The operator must include schematics of all applicable systems. Schematics must show the location of valves, gauges, system working pressure, relief settings, monitoring systems, and other pertinent information. (d) Communications system. A description of a comprehensive communications...

33 CFR 150.15 - What must the operations manual include?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... structure and systems. The operator must include schematics of all applicable systems. Schematics must show the location of valves, gauges, system working pressure, relief settings, monitoring systems, and other pertinent information. (d) Communications system. A description of a comprehensive communications...

Micromechanical Sensor for the Spectral Decomposition of Acoustic Signals

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-02-01

8 Figure 2.2: Reverse Ballistic Air Gun ................................................................................. 9 Figure 2.3: A MEMS...Schematic of the Sensor including Sensor-to-Sensor Parasitic .................... 177 Figure 5.9: Schematic of Laser Machined Sensor...178 Figure 5.10: Laser Machined Sensor Mode 1

40 CFR 420.01 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... treatment system including schematic diagrams showing the major treatment system components and flow rates... request for consideration of alternative effluent limitations is to include: (i) A schematic diagram of... waters entering the treatment facility; discharge and recycle flow rates for each water source and each...

40 CFR 420.01 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... treatment system including schematic diagrams showing the major treatment system components and flow rates... request for consideration of alternative effluent limitations is to include: (i) A schematic diagram of... waters entering the treatment facility; discharge and recycle flow rates for each water source and each...

40 CFR 420.01 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... treatment system including schematic diagrams showing the major treatment system components and flow rates... request for consideration of alternative effluent limitations is to include: (i) A schematic diagram of... waters entering the treatment facility; discharge and recycle flow rates for each water source and each...

40 CFR 420.01 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... treatment system including schematic diagrams showing the major treatment system components and flow rates... request for consideration of alternative effluent limitations is to include: (i) A schematic diagram of... waters entering the treatment facility; discharge and recycle flow rates for each water source and each...

Nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots as a fluorescence probe combined with magnetic solid-phase extraction purification for analysis of folic acid in human serum.

PubMed

Wang, Meng; Jiao, Yang; Cheng, Chunsheng; Hua, Jianhao; Yang, Yaling

2017-12-01

A novel and sensitive method based on nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots as a fluorescence probe coupled with magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) purification for analysis of folic acid (FA) in human serum samples has been established for the first time. In the developed system, magnetic nanoparticles coated with hexanoic acid (Fe 3 O 4 @C 6 ) were synthesized by a one-step chemical co-precipitation method with good magnetic properties and dispersibility for sample purification, and it is better to be separated from the sample. High fluorescence nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs), simply prepared using a one-step hydrothermal method with nitrilotriacetic acid, could be selectively quenched by FA. Based on this phenomenon, a fluorescence assay was proposed for specific determination of FA. Various operational experiment parameters have been studied and optimized in detail. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the detection limit of the proposed method for FA was evaluated to be 0.5 nM (S/N = 3), while the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.2% (n = 6). Finally, the proposed method was applied for determination of trace levels of FA from human serum samples and quantitative recoveries were achieved within the range of 95.7-103.5%. All of the results showed that the proposed method had significant application in further research. Graphical abstract Schematic of synthesis of N-CQDs and schematic of suggested mode for analysis of folic acid (FA).

Non-military microwave applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bierman, Howard

1990-04-01

The nonmilitary applications of microwave technology in medicine, communications, and agriculture are discussed. Particular attention is given to a microwave multichannel multipoint video distribution system (a broadcasting system with up to 20 programs drawn from satellites, video tape libraries, and locally generated material); microwaves used in DBS distribution; satellite receivers for data communications; microwave thermography used for early cancer detection, brain temperature measurements, and appendicitis diagnosis; an experimental Doppler radar assembly for guiding robots walking on a factory floor; and an agricultural application where microwaves are used to break down slugs in soil and thus improve potato and grain crops. Schematic diagrams are included.

Back to the Future: Past and Future Era-Based Schematic Support and Associative Memory for Prices in Younger and Older Adults

PubMed Central

Castel, Alan D.; McGillivray, Shannon; Worden, Kendell M.

2014-01-01

Older adults typically display various associative memory deficits, but these deficits can be reduced when conditions allow for the use of prior knowledge or schematic support. To determine how era-specific schematic support and future simulation might influence associative memory, we examined how younger and older adults remember prices from the past as well as the future. Younger and older adults were asked to imagine the past or future, and then studied items and prices from approximately 40 years ago (market value prices from the 1970s) or 40 years in the future. In Experiment 1, all items were common items (e.g., movie ticket, coffee) and the associated prices reflected the era in question, whereas in Experiment 2, some item-price pairs were specific to the time period (e.g., typewriter, robot maid), to test different degrees of schematic support. After studying the pairs, participants were shown each item and asked to recall the associated price. In both experiments, older adults showed similar performance as younger adults in the past condition for the common items, whereas age-related differences were greater in the future condition and for the era-specific items. The findings suggest that in order for schematic support to be effective, recent (and not simply remote) experience is needed in order to enhance memory. Thus, whereas older adults can benefit from “turning back the clock,” younger adults better remember future-oriented information compared with older adults, outlining age-related similarities and differences in associative memory and the efficient use of past and future-based schematic support. PMID:24128073

Back to the future: past and future era-based schematic support and associative memory for prices in younger and older adults.

PubMed

Castel, Alan D; McGillivray, Shannon; Worden, Kendell M

2013-12-01

Older adults typically display various associative memory deficits, but these deficits can be reduced when conditions allow for the use of prior knowledge or schematic support. To determine how era-specific schematic support and future simulation might influence associative memory, we examined how younger and older adults remember prices from the past as well as the future. Younger and older adults were asked to imagine the past or future, and then studied items and prices from approximately 40 years ago (market value prices from the 1970s) or 40 years in the future. In Experiment 1, all items were common items (e.g., movie ticket, coffee) and the associated prices reflected the era in question, whereas in Experiment 2, some item-price pairs were specific to the time period (e.g., typewriter, robot maid), to test different degrees of schematic support. After studying the pairs, participants were shown each item and asked to recall the associated price. In both experiments, older adults showed similar performance as younger adults in the past condition for the common items, whereas age-related differences were greater in the future condition and for the era-specific items. The findings suggest that in order for schematic support to be effective, recent (and not simply remote) experience is needed in order to enhance memory. Thus, whereas older adults can benefit from "turning back the clock," younger adults better remember future-oriented information compared with older adults, outlining age-related similarities and differences in associative memory and the efficient use of past and future-based schematic support. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved.

10. Photograph of a line drawing. 'PROCESS FLOW SCHEMATIC, GAS ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

10. Photograph of a line drawing. 'PROCESS FLOW SCHEMATIC, GAS PRODUCER PROCESS, BUILDING 10A.' Holston Army Ammunition Plant, Holston Defense Corporation. August 29, 1974. Delineator: G. A. Horne. Drawing # SK-1942. - Holston Army Ammunition Plant, Producer Gas Plant, Kingsport, Sullivan County, TN

40 CFR 86.884-9 - Smoke measurement system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...) Schematic drawing. The Figure I84-1 is a schematic drawing of the optical system of the light extinction... the exhaust from the test site. (2) Smokemeter (light extinction meter)—continuous recording, full...) Light extinction meters employing substantially identical measurement principles and producing...

30 CFR 252.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... fossil content, core analyses, laboratory analyses of physical and chemical properties, logs or charts of... geological information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic cross sections and maps, developed by... geophysical information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic cross sections and maps, developed by...

Printed Circuit Board Design (PCB) with HDL Designer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Winkert, Thomas K.; LaFourcade, Teresa

2004-01-01

Contents include the following: PCB design with HDL designer, design process and schematic capture - symbols and diagrams: 1. Motivation: time savings, money savings, simplicity. 2. Approach: use single tool PCB for FPGA design, more FPGA designs than PCB designers. 3. Use HDL designer for schematic capture.

The Effects of Realism in Learning with Dynamic Visualizations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scheiter, Katharina; Gerjets, Peter; Huk, Thomas; Imhof, Birgit; Kammerer, Yvonne

2009-01-01

Two experiments are reported that investigated the relative effectiveness of a realistic dynamic visualization as opposed to a schematic visualization for learning about cell replication (mitosis). In Experiment 1, 37 university students watched either realistic or schematic visualizations. Students' subjective task demands ratings as well as…

Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Films Grown Using Molecular Layer Deposition

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-01

shown that zincone films based on DEZ and hydroquinone (HQ) have displayed some conductivity when alloyed with ZnO ALD films [35]. The schematic...11 Schematic showing the two-step reaction sequence for AB zincone MLD growth using diethylzinc (DEZ) and hydroquinone (HQ). The hybrid organic

T-p phase diagrams and the barocaloric effect in materials with successive phase transitions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gorev, M. V.; Bogdanov, E. V.; Flerov, I. N.

2017-09-01

An analysis of the extensive and intensive barocaloric effect (BCE) at successive structural phase transitions in some complex fluorides and oxyfluorides was performed. The high sensitivity of these compounds to a change in the chemical pressure allows one to vary the succession and parameters of the transformations (temperature, entropy, baric coefficient) over a wide range and obtain optimal values of the BCE. A comparison of different types of schematic T-p phase diagrams with the complicated T( p) dependences observed experimentally shows that in some ranges of temperature and pressure the BCE in compounds undergoing successive transformations can be increased due to a summation of caloric effects associated with distinct phase transitions. The maximum values of the extensive and intensive BCE in complex fluorides and oxyfluorides can be realized at rather low pressure (0.1-0.3 GPa). In a narrow temperature range around the triple points conversion from conventional BCE to inverse BCE is observed, which is followed by a gigantic change of both \\vertΔ S_BCE\\vert and \\vertΔ T_AD\\vert .

Differentiating true and false schematic memories in older adults.

PubMed

Webb, Christina E; Dennis, Nancy A

2018-02-06

While schemas aid memory for schematically related information, the gist induced by the schema can also lead to high rates of false memories, especially in older adults. The neural mechanisms that support and differentiate true and false memories in aging are not well understood. The current study sought to clarify this, using a novel scene paradigm to investigate the role of schemas on true and false memories in older adults. Healthy older adults encoded schematic scenes (e.g., bathroom). At retrieval, participants were tested on their memory for both schematic and non-schematic targets and lures while fMRI data was collected. Results indicate that true memories were supported by the typical retrieval network, and activity in this network was greater for true than false memories. Schema specific retrieval was supported by mPFC, extending this common finding to aging. While no region differentiated false memories compared to correct rejections, results showed that individual differences in false memory rates were associated with variability in neural activity. The findings underscore the importance of elucidating the neural basis of cognition within older adults, as well as the specific contribution of individual differences to the neural basis of memory errors in aging. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Attentional focus during exposure in spider phobia: The effect of valence and schematicity of a partial distractor.

PubMed

Dethier, Vincent; Philippot, Pierre

2017-06-01

This study examines the impact of partial distractor valence and schematicity (i.e., their relation to fear representation) on exposure efficacy. One hundred forty-one spider phobics were exposed to spider pictures and asked, in a between-subjects experimental design, to form mental images of words that were fear related (to spiders) and negative (schematic negative), fear unrelated and negative (non-schematic negative) or fear unrelated and positive (non-schematic positive). Multilevel measures of anxiety were performed at pre-exposure, post-exposure and 6 days' follow-up. Results show that both of the negative condition groups displayed similar results on all outcome variables and systematically differed from the positive condition group. While the latter group displayed a stronger decline in distress during exposure itself, the other groups showed greater exposure benefits: a stronger decline in emotional and avoidance responses and skin conductance responses from pre- to post-exposure and more approach behaviours when confronted with a real spider. The critical feature of distraction thus seems not to be the fact of being distracted from the phobic stimulus, but rather the fact of performing emotional avoidance by distracting oneself from negative affect. The results highlight that the acceptance of aversive emotional states is a critical active process in successful exposure. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Advanced imaging system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1992-01-01

This document describes the Advanced Imaging System CCD based camera. The AIS1 camera system was developed at Photometric Ltd. in Tucson, Arizona as part of a Phase 2 SBIR contract No. NAS5-30171 from the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. The camera project was undertaken as a part of the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) project. This document is intended to serve as a complete manual for the use and maintenance of the camera system. All the different parts of the camera hardware and software are discussed and complete schematics and source code listings are provided.

Living in the Real World: So You Want to Build a Building? Dancing with Architects and Other Developmental Experiences--Part 3: Designing the Building.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greenman, Jim

1992-01-01

The process of designing a child care center is described. This process includes the conceptual and schematic design, schematic pricing, design development, and construction documents. Overall design criteria, and interior program components, are discussed. (LB)

Language, Perception, and the Schematic Representation of Spatial Relations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Amorapanth, Prin; Kranjec, Alexander; Bromberger, Bianca; Lehet, Matthew; Widick, Page; Woods, Adam J.; Kimberg, Daniel Y.; Chatterjee, Anjan

2012-01-01

Schemas are abstract nonverbal representations that parsimoniously depict spatial relations. Despite their ubiquitous use in maps and diagrams, little is known about their neural instantiation. We sought to determine the extent to which schematic representations are neurally distinguished from language on the one hand, and from rich perceptual…

Signs, Symbols and Schemas: Understanding Meaning in a Child's Drawings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Deguara, Jo; Nutbrown, Cathy

2018-01-01

This paper examines the schematic underpinnings in the drawings of a four-year-old girl, Thea. The paper reviews literature on graphic representations, signs and meaning-making before discussing schematic "form" in children's drawings, the theoretical background for the study. The paper discusses ethical issues and methodological…

Health-Promoting School Indicators: Schematic Models from Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gabhainn, Saoirse Nic; Sixsmith, Jane; Delaney, Ellen-Nora; Moore, Miriam; Inchley, Jo; O'Higgins, Siobhan

2007-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to outline a three-stage process for engaging with students to develop school level indicators of health in sequential class groups students first generated, then categorised indicators and finally developed schematic representations of their analyses. There is a political and practical need to develop…

Understanding the relationship between schematic beliefs, bullying, and unusual experiences in 8-14 year olds.

PubMed

Anilmis, J V; Stewart, C S; Roddy, S; Hassanali, N; Muccio, F; Browning, S; Bracegirdle, K; Corrigall, R; Laurens, K R; Hirsch, C; Kuipers, E; Maddox, L; Jolley, S

2015-11-01

Cognitive models of adult psychosis propose that negative schematic beliefs (NSBs) mediate the established association between victimisation and psychotic symptoms. In childhood, unusual, or psychotic-like, experiences are associated with bullying (a common form of victimisation) and NSBs. This study tests the mediating role of NSBs in the relationship between bullying and distressing unusual experiences (UEDs) in childhood. Ninety-four 8-14 year olds referred to community Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services completed self-report assessments of UEDs, bullying, and NSBs about the self (NS) and others (NO). Both NS and NO were associated with bullying (NS: r=.40, P<.001; NO: r=.33, P=.002), and with UEDs (NS: r=.51, P<.001; NO: r=.43, P<.001). Both NS and NO significantly mediated the relationship between bullying and UEDs (NS: z=3.15, P=.002; NO: z=2.35, P=.019). Children's NSBs may mediate the adverse psychological impact of victimisation, and are appropriate treatment targets for young people with UEDs. Early educational intervention to reduce negative appraisals of the self and others may increase resilience to future adverse experiences and reduce later mental health risk. Crown Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Microscopic description of pair transfer between two superfluid Fermi systems: Combining phase-space averaging and combinatorial techniques

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Regnier, David; Lacroix, Denis; Scamps, Guillaume; Hashimoto, Yukio

2018-03-01

In a mean-field description of superfluidity, particle number and gauge angle are treated as quasiclassical conjugated variables. This level of description was recently used to describe nuclear reactions around the Coulomb barrier. Important effects of the relative gauge angle between two identical superfluid nuclei (symmetric collisions) on transfer probabilities and fusion barrier have been uncovered. A theory making contact with experiments should at least average over different initial relative gauge-angles. In the present work, we propose a new approach to obtain the multiple pair transfer probabilities between superfluid systems. This method, called phase-space combinatorial (PSC) technique, relies both on phase-space averaging and combinatorial arguments to infer the full pair transfer probability distribution at the cost of multiple mean-field calculations only. After benchmarking this approach in a schematic model, we apply it to the collision 20O+20O at various energies below the Coulomb barrier. The predictions for one pair transfer are similar to results obtained with an approximated projection method, whereas significant differences are found for two pairs transfer. Finally, we investigated the applicability of the PSC method to the contact between nonidentical superfluid systems. A generalization of the method is proposed and applied to the schematic model showing that the pair transfer probabilities are reasonably reproduced. The applicability of the PSC method to asymmetric nuclear collisions is investigated for the 14O+20O collision and it turns out that unrealistically small single- and multiple pair transfer probabilities are obtained. This is explained by the fact that relative gauge angle play in this case a minor role in the particle transfer process compared to other mechanisms, such as equilibration of the charge/mass ratio. We conclude that the best ground for probing gauge-angle effects in nuclear reaction and/or for applying the proposed PSC approach on pair transfer is the collisions of identical open-shell spherical nuclei.

Facial affect processing in social anxiety disorder with early onset: evidence of an intensity amplification bias.

PubMed

Schwab, Daniela; Schienle, Anne

2018-06-01

The present event-related potential (ERP) study investigated for the first time whether children with early-onset social anxiety disorder (SAD) process affective facial expressions of varying intensities differently than non-anxious controls. Participants were 15 SAD patients and 15 non-anxious controls (mean age of 9 years). They were presented with schematic faces displaying anger and happiness at four intensity levels (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%), as well as with neutral faces. ERPs in early and later time windows (P100, N170, late positivity [LP]), as well as affective ratings (valence and arousal) for the faces, were recorded. SAD patients rated the faces as generally more arousing, regardless of the type of emotion and intensity. Moreover, they displayed enhanced right-parietal LP (350-650 ms). Both arousal ratings and LP reflect stimulus intensity. Therefore, this study provides first evidence of an intensity amplification bias in pediatric SAD during facial affect processing.

Magnetogama: an open schematic magnetometer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wahyudi; Khakhim, Nurul; Kuntoro, Tri; Mardiatno, Djati; Rakhman, Afif; Setyo Handaru, Anas; Akhmad Mufaqih, Adien; Marwan Irnaka, Theodosius

2017-09-01

Magnetogama is an open schematic hand-assembled fluxgate magnetometer. Compared to another magnetometer, Magnetogama has more benefit concerning its price and its ease of use. Practically Magnetogama can be utilized either in land or attached to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Magnetogama was designed to give open access to a cheap and accurate alternative to magnetometer sensor. Therefore it can be used as a standard design which is directly applicable to the low-budget company or education purposes. Schematic, code and several verification tests were presented in this article ensuring its reproducibility. Magnetogama has been tested with two kind of tests: a comparison with two nearest observatories at Learmonth (LRM) and Kakadu (KDU) and the response of magnetic substance.

Recognition of Schematic Facial Displays of Emotion in Parents of Children with Autism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palermo, Mark T.; Pasqualetti, Patrizio; Barbati, Giulia; Intelligente, Fabio; Rossini, Paolo Maria

2006-01-01

Performance on an emotional labeling task in response to schematic facial patterns representing five basic emotions without the concurrent presentation of a verbal category was investigated in 40 parents of children with autism and 40 matched controls. "Autism fathers" performed worse than "autism mothers," who performed worse than controls in…

Students' Individual Schematization Pathways--Empirical Reconstructions for the Case of Part-of-Part Determination for Fractions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glade, Matthias; Prediger, Susanne

2017-01-01

According to the design principle of progressive schematization, learning trajectories towards procedural rules can be organized as independent discoveries when the learning arrangement invites the students first to develop models for mathematical concepts and model-based informal strategies; then to explore the strategies and to discover pattern…

Realistic versus Schematic Interactive Visualizations for Learning Surveying Practices: A Comparative Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dib, Hazar; Adamo-Villani, Nicoletta; Garver, Stephen

2014-01-01

Many benefits have been claimed for visualizations, a general assumption being that learning is facilitated. However, several researchers argue that little is known about the cognitive value of graphical representations, be they schematic visualizations, such as diagrams or more realistic, such as virtual reality. The study reported in the paper…

Presenting Lexical Bundles for Explicit Noticing with Schematic Linguistic Representation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thomson, Haidee Elizabeth

2016-01-01

Lexical bundles are essential for fluency, but their incompleteness is a stumbling block for learners. In this study, two presentation methods to increase awareness of lexical bundles through explicit noticing are explored and compared with incidental exposure. The three conditions in this study were as follows: noticing with schematic linguistic…

Schematic knowledge changes what judgments of learning predict in a source memory task.

PubMed

Konopka, Agnieszka E; Benjamin, Aaron S

2009-01-01

Source monitoring can be influenced by information that is external to the study context, such as beliefs and general knowledge (Johnson, Hashtroudi, & Lindsay, 1993). We investigated the extent to which metamnemonic judgments predict memory for items and sources when schematic information about the sources is or is not provided at encoding. Participants made judgments of learning (JOLs) to statements presented by two speakers and were informed of the occupation of each speaker either before or after the encoding session. Replicating earlier work, prior knowledge decreased participants' tendency to erroneously attribute statements to schematically consistent but episodically incorrect speakers. The origin of this effect can be understood by examining the relationship between JOLs and performance: JOLs were equally predictive of item and source memory in the absence of prior knowledge, but were exclusively predictive of source memory when participants knew of the relationship between speakers and statements during study. Background knowledge determines the information that people solicit in service of metamnemonic judgments, suggesting that these judgments reflect control processes during encoding that reduce schematic errors.

Solar Schematic

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1979-01-01

The home shown at right is specially designed to accommodate solar heating units; it has roof planes in four directions, allowing placement of solar collectors for best exposure to the sun. Plans (bottom) and complete working blueprints for the solar-heated house are being marketed by Home Building Plan Service, Portland, Oregon. The company also offers an inexpensive schematic (center) showing how a homeowner only moderately skilled in the use of tools can build his own solar energy system, applicable to new or existing structures. The schematic is based upon the design of a low-cost solar home heating system built and tested by NASA's Langley Research Center; used to supplement a warm-air heating system, it can save the homeowner about 40 percent of his annual heating bill for a modest investment in materials and components. Home Building Plan Service saved considerable research time by obtaining a NASA technical report which details the Langley work. The resulting schematic includes construction plans and simplified explanations of solar heat collection, collectors and other components, passive heat factors, domestic hot water supply and how to work with local heating engineers.

The role of appearance schematicity in the internalization of media appearance ideals: A panel study of preadolescents.

PubMed

Rousseau, Ann; Gamble, Hilary; Eggermont, Steven

2017-10-01

Individuals who are more strongly invested in their appearance, appearance schematics, have a tendency to engage in appearance-related comparison. Appearance schematicity consists of two components. The self-evaluative component concerns the degree to which appearance is central to self-worth, referred to as dysfunctional appearance beliefs. Motivational salience refers to the engagement in behaviors designed to enhance appearance, such as body surveillance. Based on a three-wave panel survey of 973 Flemish preadolescents (M age  = 11.15, SD = 1.13) we found that the motivational and self-evaluative components had a different impact on media internalization. For preadolescents who engaged in more body surveillance, watching television resulted in more media internalization. For preadolescents who had fewer dysfunctional appearance beliefs, watching television resulted in more media internalization. These findings suggest that appearance schematicity is an important susceptibility variable in the relationship between TV-exposure and media internalization, and emphasize the importance of investigating individual dispositions beyond gender differences. Copyright © 2017 The Foundation for Professionals in Services for Adolescents. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Application of 3-Dimensional Printing Technology to Construct an Eye Model for Fundus Viewing Study

PubMed Central

Li, Xinhua; Gao, Zhishan; Yuan, Dongqing; Liu, Qinghuai

2014-01-01

Objective To construct a life-sized eye model using the three-dimensional (3D) printing technology for fundus viewing study of the viewing system. Methods We devised our schematic model eye based on Navarro's eye and redesigned some parameters because of the change of the corneal material and the implantation of intraocular lenses (IOLs). Optical performance of our schematic model eye was compared with Navarro's schematic eye and other two reported physical model eyes using the ZEMAX optical design software. With computer aided design (CAD) software, we designed the 3D digital model of the main structure of the physical model eye, which was used for three-dimensional (3D) printing. Together with the main printed structure, polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) aspherical cornea, variable iris, and IOLs were assembled to a physical eye model. Angle scale bars were glued from posterior to periphery of the retina. Then we fabricated other three physical models with different states of ammetropia. Optical parameters of these physical eye models were measured to verify the 3D printing accuracy. Results In on-axis calculations, our schematic model eye possessed similar size of spot diagram compared with Navarro's and Bakaraju's model eye, much smaller than Arianpour's model eye. Moreover, the spherical aberration of our schematic eye was much less than other three model eyes. While in off- axis simulation, it possessed a bit higher coma and similar astigmatism, field curvature and distortion. The MTF curves showed that all the model eyes diminished in resolution with increasing field of view, and the diminished tendency of resolution of our physical eye model was similar to the Navarro's eye. The measured parameters of our eye models with different status of ametropia were in line with the theoretical value. Conclusions The schematic eye model we designed can well simulate the optical performance of the human eye, and the fabricated physical one can be used as a tool in fundus range viewing research. PMID:25393277

Application of 3-dimensional printing technology to construct an eye model for fundus viewing study.

PubMed

Xie, Ping; Hu, Zizhong; Zhang, Xiaojun; Li, Xinhua; Gao, Zhishan; Yuan, Dongqing; Liu, Qinghuai

2014-01-01

To construct a life-sized eye model using the three-dimensional (3D) printing technology for fundus viewing study of the viewing system. We devised our schematic model eye based on Navarro's eye and redesigned some parameters because of the change of the corneal material and the implantation of intraocular lenses (IOLs). Optical performance of our schematic model eye was compared with Navarro's schematic eye and other two reported physical model eyes using the ZEMAX optical design software. With computer aided design (CAD) software, we designed the 3D digital model of the main structure of the physical model eye, which was used for three-dimensional (3D) printing. Together with the main printed structure, polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) aspherical cornea, variable iris, and IOLs were assembled to a physical eye model. Angle scale bars were glued from posterior to periphery of the retina. Then we fabricated other three physical models with different states of ammetropia. Optical parameters of these physical eye models were measured to verify the 3D printing accuracy. In on-axis calculations, our schematic model eye possessed similar size of spot diagram compared with Navarro's and Bakaraju's model eye, much smaller than Arianpour's model eye. Moreover, the spherical aberration of our schematic eye was much less than other three model eyes. While in off- axis simulation, it possessed a bit higher coma and similar astigmatism, field curvature and distortion. The MTF curves showed that all the model eyes diminished in resolution with increasing field of view, and the diminished tendency of resolution of our physical eye model was similar to the Navarro's eye. The measured parameters of our eye models with different status of ametropia were in line with the theoretical value. The schematic eye model we designed can well simulate the optical performance of the human eye, and the fabricated physical one can be used as a tool in fundus range viewing research.

Prevalence of refractive errors in the Slovak population calculated using the Gullstrand schematic eye model.

PubMed

Popov, I; Valašková, J; Štefaničková, J; Krásnik, V

2017-01-01

A substantial part of the population suffers from some kind of refractive errors. It is envisaged that their prevalence may change with the development of society. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of refractive errors using calculations based on the Gullstrand schematic eye model. We used the Gullstrand schematic eye model to calculate refraction retrospectively. Refraction was presented as the need for glasses correction at a vertex distance of 12 mm. The necessary data was obtained using the optical biometer Lenstar LS900. Data which could not be obtained due to the limitations of the device was substituted by theoretical data from the Gullstrand schematic eye model. Only analyses from the right eyes were presented. The data was interpreted using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and t-test. The statistical tests were conducted at a level of significance of 5%. Our sample included 1663 patients (665 male, 998 female) within the age range of 19 to 96 years. Average age was 70.8 ± 9.53 years. Average refraction of the eye was 2.73 ± 2.13D (males 2.49 ± 2.34, females 2.90 ± 2.76). The mean absolute error from emmetropia was 3.01 ± 1.58 (males 2.83 ± 2.95, females 3.25 ± 3.35). 89.06% of the sample was hyperopic, 6.61% was myopic and 4.33% emmetropic. We did not find any correlation between refraction and age. Females were more hyperopic than males. We did not find any statistically significant hypermetopic shift of refraction with age. According to our estimation, the calculations of refractive errors using the Gullstrand schematic eye model showed a significant hypermetropic shift of more than +2D. Our results could be used in future for comparing the prevalence of refractive errors using same methods we used.Key words: refractive errors, refraction, Gullstrand schematic eye model, population, emmetropia.

Borate mineral assemblages in the system Na2OCaOMgOB2O3H2O

USGS Publications Warehouse

Christ, C.L.; Truesdell, A.H.; Erd, Richard C.

1967-01-01

he significant known hydrated borate mineral assemblages (principally of the western United States) in the system Na2OCaOz.sbnd;MgOB2O3H2O are expressible in three ternary composition diagrams. Phase rule interpretation of the diagrams is consistent with observation, if the activity of H2O is generally considered to be determined by the geologic environment. The absence of conflicting tie-lines on a diagram indicates that the several mineral assemblages of the diagram were formed under relatively narrow ranges of temperature and pressure. The known structural as well as empirical formulas for the minerals are listed, and the more recent (since 1960) crystal structure findings are discussed briefly. Schematic Gibbs free energy-composition diagrams based on known solubility-temperature relations in the systems Na2B4O7-H2O and Na2B4O7-NaCl-H2O, are highly useful in the interpretation and prediction of the stability relations in these systems; in particular these diagrams indicate clearly that tincalconite, although geologically important, is everywhere a metastable phase. Crystal-chemical considerations indicate that the same thermodynamic and kinetic behavior observed in the Na2B4O7-H2O system will hold in the Ca2B6O11-H2O system. This conclusion is confirmed by the petrologic evidence. The chemical relations among the mineral assemblages of a ternary diagram are expressed by a schematic "activity-activity" diagram. These activity-activity diagrams permit the tracing-out of the paragenetic sequences as a function of changing cation and H2O activities. ?? 1967.

Increased phase synchronization during continuous face integration measured simultaneously with EEG and fMRI.

PubMed

Kottlow, Mara; Jann, Kay; Dierks, Thomas; Koenig, Thomas

2012-08-01

Gamma zero-lag phase synchronization has been measured in the animal brain during visual binding. Human scalp EEG studies used a phase locking factor (trial-to-trial phase-shift consistency) or gamma amplitude to measure binding but did not analyze common-phase signals so far. This study introduces a method to identify networks oscillating with near zero-lag phase synchronization in human subjects. We presented unpredictably moving face parts (NOFACE) which - during some periods - produced a complete schematic face (FACE). The amount of zero-lag phase synchronization was measured using global field synchronization (GFS). GFS provides global information on the amount of instantaneous coincidences in specific frequencies throughout the brain. Gamma GFS was increased during the FACE condition. To localize the underlying areas, we correlated gamma GFS with simultaneously recorded BOLD responses. Positive correlates comprised the bilateral middle fusiform gyrus and the left precuneus. These areas may form a network of areas transiently synchronized during face integration, including face-specific as well as binding-specific regions and regions for visual processing in general. Thus, the amount of zero-lag phase synchronization between remote regions of the human visual system can be measured with simultaneously acquired EEG/fMRI. Copyright © 2012 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Competition between monomeric and dimeric crystals in schematic models for globular proteins.

PubMed

Fusco, Diana; Charbonneau, Patrick

2014-07-17

Advances in experimental techniques and in theoretical models have improved our understanding of protein crystallization. However, they have also left open questions regarding the protein phase behavior and self-assembly kinetics, such as why (nearly) identical crystallization conditions can sometimes result in the formation of different crystal forms. Here, we develop a patchy particle model with competing sets of patches that provides a microscopic explanation of this phenomenon. We identify different regimes in which one or two crystal forms can coexist with a low-density fluid. Using analytical approximations, we extend our findings to different crystal phases, providing a general framework for treating protein crystallization when multiple crystal forms compete. Our results also suggest different experimental routes for targeting a specific crystal form, and for reducing the dynamical competition between the two forms, thus facilitating protein crystal assembly.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Xu, H.H.; Jin, Z.P.

Little information for the phase equilibria in the ternary system Cr-Ni-Ti is available, and the phase relationships in isothermal section are uncertain. Taylor presented two determined isothermal sections at 750 C and 1,000 C for the Ni-corner. Kornilov et al. reported the solubility of Ti in Ni varying with temperature under the condition of constant Cr content (10 at% and 20 at% Cr respectively). Gupta et al. proposed a schematic liquidus projection diagram. Kaufman calculated three isothermal sections (1,300, 1,550 and 1,625 K) of the system Cr-Ni-Ti. All in all, the experimental data for the system are rather sparse. Themore » purpose of the present work is to gain experimental information of the isothermal section at 1,200K in the system Cr-Ni-Ti by means of a diffusion triple technique.« less

Schematization and Sentence Processing by Foreign Language Learners: A Reading-Time Experiment and a Stimulated-Recall Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tode, Tomoko

2012-01-01

This article examines how learners of English as a foreign language process reduced relative clauses (RRCs) from the perspective of usage-based language learning, which posits that language knowledge forms a hierarchy from item-based knowledge consisting only of entrenched frequent exemplars to more advanced schematized knowledge. Twenty-eight…

Mechanisms of Sediment Entrainment and Transport in Rotorcraft Brownout

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

understanding of the temporal evolution of the rotor wake in ground effect simultaneously with the processes of sediment entrainment and transport by the rotor ...14 1.8 Schematic and smoke flow visualization of a rotor flow during out-of- ground- effect ...operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 1.9 Schematic and smoke flow visualization of a rotor flow during in-ground- effect

Schematic interactions with many degeneracies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kingan, Arun; Quinonez, Michael; Zamick, Larry

In previous works, we examined the spectra for systems of two protons and two neutrons, in a single j shell calculation, by obtaining matrix elements from experiment. More recently, we considered the schematic interactions in the same model space. We continue in this vein here. The present work and the former can be regarded as two bookends on a bookshelf.

X-ray Sensitive Material

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-01

The research resulted in a composite material that holds a quasi-permanent electric charge and rapidly discharges the electric charge upon X-ray...quasi-permanent electric charge and rapidly discharge the electric charge upon X-ray exposure. The composite material combined the properties of an...9 7. Schematic of Circuit for Recording Sample’s Capacitor Discharge ............... 12 8. Schematic of Circuit for

Active Noise and Vibration Control Literature Survey: Controller Technologies

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-11-01

5.4 Schematic Flowchart of System Identification [Soderstrom, 1989] ................. 5. 7 Measurement System (open-loop...approaches: measurement systems and transfer functions identification [Norton, 1986]. The following figure illustrates the general flowchart ...data SCI Figure 5.3. Schematic flowchart of system identification [Soderstrom, 1989] 5.7 The first type of identification {see Figure 5.4) uses open

Comparative Study of the Effectiveness of Three Learning Environments: Hyper-Realistic Virtual Simulations, Traditional Schematic Simulations and Traditional Laboratory

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martinez, Guadalupe; Naranjo, Francisco L.; Perez, Angel L.; Suero, Maria Isabel; Pardo, Pedro J.

2011-01-01

This study compared the educational effects of computer simulations developed in a hyper-realistic virtual environment with the educational effects of either traditional schematic simulations or a traditional optics laboratory. The virtual environment was constructed on the basis of Java applets complemented with a photorealistic visual output.…

The Effect of Functional Flow Diagrams on the Technical System Understanding of Apprentice Aircraft Maintenance Mechanics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Scott D.; Satchwell, Richard E.

A quasiexperimental study involved 18 male students enrolled in an aircraft systems course at the University of Illinois. The control group of 10 students studied 39 schematic diagrams of aircraft systems. The treatment group of eight students studied the same schematic diagrams plus conceptual diagrams of the systems. Otherwise, the instruction…

Influences of Source-Item Contingency and Schematic Knowledge on Source Monitoring: Tests of the Probability-Matching Account

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bayen, Ute J.; Kuhlmann, Beatrice G.

2011-01-01

The authors investigated conditions under which judgments in source-monitoring tasks are influenced by prior schematic knowledge. According to a probability-matching account of source guessing (Spaniol & Bayen, 2002), when people do not remember the source of information, they match source-guessing probabilities to the perceived contingency…

Proposed Schematics for an Advanced Development Lunar Portable Life Support System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Conger, Bruce; Chullen, Cinda; Barnes, Bruce; Leavitt, Greg

2010-01-01

The latest development of the NASA space suit is an integrated assembly made up of primarily a Pressure Garment System (PGS) and a Portable Life Support System (PLSS). The PLSS is further composed of an oxygen (O2) subsystem, a ventilation subsystem, and a thermal subsystem. This paper baselines a detailed schematic of the PLSS to provide a basis for current and future PLSS development efforts. Both context diagrams and detailed schematics describe the hardware components and overall functions for all three of the PLSS subsystems. The various modes of operations for the PLSS are also presented. A comparison of the proposed PLSS to the Apollo and Shuttle PLSS designs is presented, highlighting several anticipated improvements over the historical PLSS architectures.

Heat storage in alloy transformations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Birchenall, C. E.

1980-01-01

The feasibility of using metal alloys as thermal energy storage media was investigated. The elements selected as candidate media were limited to aluminum, copper, magnesium, silicon, zinc, calcium, and phosphorus on the basis of low cost and latent heat of transformation. Several new eutectic alloys and ternary intermetallic phases were determined. A new method employing X-ray absorption techniques was developed to determine the coefficients of thermal expansion of both the solid and liquid phases and the volume change during phase transformation. The method and apparatus are discussed and the experimental results are presented for aluminum and two aluminum-eutectic alloys. Candidate materials were evaluated to determine suitable materials for containment of the metal alloys. Graphite was used to contain the alloys during the volume change measurements. Silicon carbide was identified as a promising containment material and surface-coated iron alloys were also evaluated. System considerations that are pertinent if alloy eutectics are used as thermal energy storage media are discussed. Potential applications to solar receivers and industrial furnaces are illustrated schematically.

Central receiver solar thermal power system, Phase 1. CDRL item 2. Pilot plant preliminary design report. Volume VI. Electrical power generation and master control subsystems and balance of plant

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hallet, Jr., R. W.; Gervais, R. L.

1977-10-01

The requirements, performance, and subsystem configuration for both the Commercial and Pilot Plant electrical power generation subsystems (EPGS) and balance of plants are presented. The EPGS for both the Commercial Plant and Pilot Plant make use of conventional, proven equipment consistent with good power plant design practices in order to minimize risk and maximize reliability. The basic EPGS cycle selected is a regenerative cycle that uses a single automatic admission, condensing, tandem-compound double-flow turbine. Specifications, performance data, drawings, and schematics are included. (WHK)

Thermal environments for Space Shuttle payloads

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fu, J. H.; Graves, G. R.

1985-01-01

The thermal environment of the Space Shuttle payload bay during the on-orbit phase of the STS flights is presented. The STS Thermal Flight Instrumentation System and various substructures of the Orbiter and the payload are described, as well as the various on-orbit attitudes encountered in the STS flights (the tail to sun, nose to sun, payload bay to sun, etc.). Included are the temperature profiles obtained during the on-orbit STS 1-5 flights (with the payload bay door open), recorded in various substructures of the Orbiter's midsection at different flight attitudes, as well as schematic illustrations of the Space Shuttle system, a typical mission profile, and the Orbiter's substructures.

BCS Theory of Hadronic Matter at High Densities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bohr, Henrik; Panda, Prafulla K.; Providência, Constança; da Providência, João

2012-04-01

The equilibrium between the so-called 2SC and CFL phases of strange quark matter at high densities is investigated in the framework of a simple schematic model of the NJL type. Equal densities are assumed for quarks u, d and s. The 2SC phase is here described by a color-flavor symmetric state, in which the quark numbers are independent of the color-flavor combination. In the CFL phase the quark numbers depend on the color-flavor combination, that is, the number of quarks associated with the color-flavor combinations ur, dg, sb is different from the number of quarks associated with the color flavor combinations ug, ub, dr, db, sr, sg. We find that the 2SC phase is stable for a chemical potential μ below μ c = 0.505 GeV, while the CFL phase is stable above, the equilibrium pressure being P c = 0.003 GeV4. We have used a 3-momentum regularizing cutoff Λ = 0.8 GeV, which is somewhat larger than is usual in NJL type models. This should be adequate if the relevant chemical potential does not exceed 0.6 GeV.

Semiotic Activity of Young Children in Play: The Construction and Use of Schematic Representations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van Oers, Bert

1994-01-01

Examined four- through six-year olds' ability to diagram the configuration of a toy railway set they had assembled and to reconstruct the railway based on drawings. Found that motivation had a significant influence on the accuracy of drawings. Results suggest that semiotic activity with the help of schematic representations or drawings is in the…

16 CFR Figure 4 to Subpart A of... - Flooring Radiant Panel Tester Schematic Low Flux End, Elevation

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Flooring Radiant Panel Tester Schematic Low Flux End, Elevation 4 Figure 4 to Subpart A of Part 1209 Commercial Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY... Standard Pt. 1209, Subpt. A, Fig. 4 Figure 4 to Subpart A of Part 1209—Flooring Radiant Panel Tester...

Perceptual Grouping, Not Emotion, Accounts for Search Asymmetries with Schematic Faces

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Becker, Stefanie I.; Horstmann, Gernot; Remington, Roger W.

2011-01-01

Several different explanations have been proposed to account for the search asymmetry (SA) for angry schematic faces (i.e., the fact that an angry face target among friendly faces can be found faster than vice versa). The present study critically tested the perceptual grouping account, (a) that the SA is not due to emotional factors, but to…

Teaching High School Students with Learning Disabilities to Use Model Drawing Strategy to Solve Fraction and Percentage Word Problems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dennis, Minyi Shih; Knight, Jacqueline; Jerman, Olga

2016-01-01

This article describes how to teach fraction and percentage word problems using a model-drawing strategy. This cognitive strategy places emphasis on explicitly teaching students how to draw a schematic diagram to represent the qualitative relations described in the problem, and how to formulate the solution based on the schematic diagram. The…

Assembly and Design Miniaturization of Floating Spacecraft Simulator and Its Magnetic Docking Interface

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-01

Lithium Ion Battery Pack. Source: [13]. .....................................................................................16 Figure 17. BB-04SR...reducing friction. Figure 5. FSS Pneumatic Schematic Figure 6 illustrates the electrical schematic of the FSS. Two lithium - ion batteries ...D. MAJOR COMPONENTS FOR ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 1. Portable Battery Two rechargeable smart lithium ion battery packs (see Figure 16) are used to power

Teaching Addition and Subtraction Operations with Schematic Place-Value Learning Aids & the Impact on Arithmetic Competency

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kyriakidou-Christofidou, Athina

2016-01-01

The present mixed-methods quasi-experimental study (embedding a case study and a mixed factorial within-between ANOVA test), conducted in a private English school in Limassol, Cyprus, investigated how the use of the schematic learning aids (researcher-made color-coded flash-cards and grids) influence year-2 children's ability to read, write and…

Exploring Verbal, Visual and Schematic Learners' Static and Dynamic Mental Images of Scientific Species and Processes in Relation to Their Spatial Ability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Al-Balushi, Sulaiman M.; Coll, Richard Kevin

2013-01-01

The current study compared different learners' static and dynamic mental images of unseen scientific species and processes in relation to their spatial ability. Learners were classified into verbal, visual and schematic. Dynamic images were classified into: appearing/disappearing, linear-movement, and rotation. Two types of scientific entities and…

MEMORY FOR POETRY: MORE THAN MEANING?

PubMed

Atchley, Rachel M; Hare, Mary L

The assumption has become that memory for words' sound patterns, or form, is rapidly lost in comparison to content. Memory for form is also assumed to be verbatim rather than schematic. Oral story-telling traditions suggest otherwise. The present experiment investigated if form can be remembered schematically in spoken poetry, a context in which form is important. We also explored if sleep could help preserve memory for form. We tested whether alliterative sound patterns could cue memory for poetry lines both immediately and after a delay of 12 hours that did or did not include sleep. Twelve alliterative poetry lines were modified into same alliteration, different alliteration, and no alliteration paraphrases. We predicted that memory for original poetry lines would be less accurate after 12 hours, same alliteration paraphrases would be falsely recognized as originals more often after 12 hours, and that the no-sleep group would make more errors. Different alliteration and no alliteration paraphrases were not expected to share this effect due to schematically different sound patterns. Our data support these hypotheses and provide evidence that memory for form is schematic in nature, retained in contexts in which form matters, and that sleep may help preserve memory for sound patterns.

MEMORY FOR POETRY: MORE THAN MEANING?

PubMed Central

Atchley, Rachel M.; Hare, Mary L.

2015-01-01

The assumption has become that memory for words’ sound patterns, or form, is rapidly lost in comparison to content. Memory for form is also assumed to be verbatim rather than schematic. Oral story-telling traditions suggest otherwise. The present experiment investigated if form can be remembered schematically in spoken poetry, a context in which form is important. We also explored if sleep could help preserve memory for form. We tested whether alliterative sound patterns could cue memory for poetry lines both immediately and after a delay of 12 hours that did or did not include sleep. Twelve alliterative poetry lines were modified into same alliteration, different alliteration, and no alliteration paraphrases. We predicted that memory for original poetry lines would be less accurate after 12 hours, same alliteration paraphrases would be falsely recognized as originals more often after 12 hours, and that the no-sleep group would make more errors. Different alliteration and no alliteration paraphrases were not expected to share this effect due to schematically different sound patterns. Our data support these hypotheses and provide evidence that memory for form is schematic in nature, retained in contexts in which form matters, and that sleep may help preserve memory for sound patterns. PMID:26401226

Ten Triangles around Cavernous Sinus for Surgical Approach, Described by Schematic Diagram and Three Dimensional Models with the Sectioned Images.

PubMed

Chung, Beom Sun; Ahn, Young Hwan; Park, Jin Seo

2016-09-01

For the surgical approach to lesions around the cavernous sinus (CS), triangular spaces around CS have been devised. However, educational materials for learning the triangles were insufficient. The purpose of this study is to present educational materials about the triangles, consisting of a schematic diagram and 3-dimensional (3D) models with sectioned images. To achieve the purposes, other studies were analyzed to establish new definitions and names of the triangular spaces. Learning materials including schematic diagrams and 3D models with cadaver's sectioned images were manufactured. Our new definition was attested by observing the sectioned images and 3D models. The triangles and the four representative surgical approaches were stereoscopically indicated on the 3D models. All materials of this study were put into Portable Document Format file and were distributed freely at our homepage (anatomy.dongguk.ac.kr/triangles). By using our schematic diagram and the 3D models with sectioned images, ten triangles and the related structures could be understood and observed accurately. We expect that our data will contribute to anatomy education, surgery training, and radiologic understanding of the triangles and related structures.

Schematic and realistic biological motion identification in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder

PubMed Central

Wright, Kristyn; Kelley, Elizabeth; Poulin-Dubois, Diane

2014-01-01

Research investigating biological motion perception in children with ASD has revealed conflicting findings concerning whether impairments in biological motion perception exist. The current study investigated how children with high-functioning ASD (HF-ASD) performed on two tasks of biological motion identification: a novel schematic motion identification task and a point-light biological motion identification task. Twenty-two HFASD children were matched with 21 TD children on gender, non-verbal mental, and chronological, age (M years = 6.72). On both tasks, HF-ASD children performed with similar accuracy as TD children. Across groups, children performed better on animate than on inanimate trials of both tasks. These findings suggest that HF-ASD children's identification of both realistic and schematic biological motion identification is unimpaired. PMID:25395988

Introduction to Design and Analysis of High Speed Pumps

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-11-01

for public release, distribution unlimited 13 . SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES See also ADM002051., The original document contains color images. 14. ABSTRACT 15...fluctuations in the pump and the installation, vibration and noise). Figure ( 13 ) presents schematically, for a meridional section in a radial flow pump...impeller. Figure (14) illustrates what can be observed in different types of pumps when recirculation is present. Figure 13 : Schematic Illustration

Balloon Borne Ultraviolet Spectrometer.

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-12-28

n.c.aaary ond lden lfy by block numb.r) ultraviolet ground support equipment (GSE) spectrometers flight electronics instrumentation balloons \\ solar ...Assembly 4 Fig. 3 Solar Balloon Experiment Ass ’y 7 Fig. 4 Mechanical Interface , UV Spectrometer 8 Fig . 5 Spectrometer Body Assemb ly 10 Fig. 6...Diagram, GSE )bnitor 48 Selector and Battery Charger Fig. 25 Schematic Diagram, GSE Serial to 49 Parallel Data Converter Fig. 26 Schematic Diagram

The investigation of topological phase of Gd1-xYxAuPb (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) alloys under hydrostatic pressure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saeidi, Parviz; Nourbakhsh, Zahra

2018-04-01

Topological phase of Gd1-xYxAuPb (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) alloys have been studied utilizing density function theory by WIEN2k code. The generalized gradient approximation (GGA), generalized gradient approximation plus Hubbard parameter (GGA + U), Modified Becke and Johnson (MBJ) and GGA Engel-vosko in the presence of spin orbit coupling have been used to investigate the topological band structure of Gd1-xYxAuPb alloys at zero pressure. The topological phase and band order of these alloys within GGA and GGA + U approaches under hydrostatic pressure are also investigated. We find that under hydrostatic pressure in some percentages of Gd1-xYxAuPb (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) alloys in both GGA and GGA + U approaches, the trivial topological phase is converted into nontrivial topological phase. In addition, the band inversion strength versus lattice constant of these alloys is studied. Moreover, the schematic plan is represented in order to show the trivial and nontrivial topological phase of Gd1-xYxAuPb (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) alloys in both GGA and GGA + U approaches.

Section I Summary

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2016-01-01

Shuttle Flight 41-C, the Solar Max Repair mission, took off on April 6, 1984 from Kennedy Space Center in Florida. As with 41-B, the dress rehearsal for this flight, launch was early in the morning. It occurred at 7:58 CST. The landing also took place at KSC the following Friday, April 13, 1984. This was Challenger's fifth flight. There were two prime EMU's and one back-up short EMU stowed for this flight in the Airlock. The two MMU's were again mounted in their Flight Support Stations in the payload bay. Figure 1 shows the EMU functional schematic while Figure 2 shows the hardware which makes up the EMU. The payload bay configuration for the MMU's appears in Figure 3.

False recall is reduced by damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex: implications for understanding the neural correlates of schematic memory.

PubMed

Warren, David E; Jones, Samuel H; Duff, Melissa C; Tranel, Daniel

2014-05-28

Schematic memory, or contextual knowledge derived from experience (Bartlett, 1932), benefits memory function by enhancing retention and speeding learning of related information (Bransford and Johnson, 1972; Tse et al., 2007). However, schematic memory can also promote memory errors, producing false memories. One demonstration is the "false memory effect" of the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm (Roediger and McDermott, 1995): studying words that fit a common schema (e.g., cold, blizzard, winter) often produces memory for a nonstudied word (e.g., snow). We propose that frontal lobe regions that contribute to complex decision-making processes by weighting various alternatives, such as ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), may also contribute to memory processes by weighting the influence of schematic knowledge. We investigated the role of human vmPFC in false memory by combining a neuropsychological approach with the DRM task. Patients with vmPFC lesions (n = 7) and healthy comparison participants (n = 14) studied word lists that excluded a common associate (the critical item). Recall and recognition tests revealed expected high levels of false recall and recognition of critical items by healthy participants. In contrast, vmPFC patients showed consistently reduced false recall, with significantly fewer intrusions of critical items. False recognition was also marginally reduced among vmPFC patients. Our findings suggest that vmPFC increases the influence of schematically congruent memories, a contribution that may be related to the role of the vmPFC in decision making. These novel neuropsychological results highlight a role for the vmPFC as part of a memory network including the medial temporal lobes and hippocampus (Andrews-Hanna et al., 2010). Copyright © 2014 the authors 0270-6474/14/347677-06$15.00/0.

False Recall Is Reduced by Damage to the Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex: Implications for Understanding the Neural Correlates of Schematic Memory

PubMed Central

Jones, Samuel H.; Duff, Melissa C.; Tranel, Daniel

2014-01-01

Schematic memory, or contextual knowledge derived from experience (Bartlett, 1932), benefits memory function by enhancing retention and speeding learning of related information (Bransford and Johnson, 1972; Tse et al., 2007). However, schematic memory can also promote memory errors, producing false memories. One demonstration is the “false memory effect” of the Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM) paradigm (Roediger and McDermott, 1995): studying words that fit a common schema (e.g., cold, blizzard, winter) often produces memory for a nonstudied word (e.g., snow). We propose that frontal lobe regions that contribute to complex decision-making processes by weighting various alternatives, such as ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), may also contribute to memory processes by weighting the influence of schematic knowledge. We investigated the role of human vmPFC in false memory by combining a neuropsychological approach with the DRM task. Patients with vmPFC lesions (n = 7) and healthy comparison participants (n = 14) studied word lists that excluded a common associate (the critical item). Recall and recognition tests revealed expected high levels of false recall and recognition of critical items by healthy participants. In contrast, vmPFC patients showed consistently reduced false recall, with significantly fewer intrusions of critical items. False recognition was also marginally reduced among vmPFC patients. Our findings suggest that vmPFC increases the influence of schematically congruent memories, a contribution that may be related to the role of the vmPFC in decision making. These novel neuropsychological results highlight a role for the vmPFC as part of a memory network including the medial temporal lobes and hippocampus (Andrews-Hanna et al., 2010). PMID:24872571

Advanced EMU Portable Life Support System (PLSS) and Shuttle/ISS EMU Schematics, a Comparison

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Campbell, Colin

2012-01-01

In order to be able to adapt to differing vehicle interfaces such as suitport and airlock, adjust to varying vehicle pressure schedules, tolerate lower quality working fluids, and adapt to differing suit architectures as dictated by a range of mission architectures, the next generation space suit requires more adaptability and robustness over that of the current Shuttle/ISS Extra-vehicular Mobility Unit (EMU). While some features have been added to facilitate interfaces to differing vehicle and suit architectures, the key performance gains have been made via incorporation of new technologies such as the variable pressure regulators, Rapid Cycle Amine swing-bed, and Suit Water Membrane Evaporator. This paper performs a comparison between the Shuttle/ISS EMU PLSS schematic and the Advanced EMU PLSS schematic complete with a discussion for each difference.

Electrokinetic Microactuator Arrays for Control of Vehicles

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-08-01

programmable logic array (PLA) content in each unit cell....................46 Chapter 4 4.1 Schematic showing electroosmotic flow induced by an...control situations involved in propulsion systems, spanning from con- trol of mixing in advanced gas turbine combustors, to active control of surge and... electroosmotic flow, shown schematically in Fig. 4.1, results when an electric field is applied to a liquid electrolyte in contact with a charged solid

Education Catching Up with Science: Preparing Students for Three-Dimensional Literacy in Cell Biology

PubMed Central

Kramer, IJsbrand M.; Dahmani, Hassen-Reda; Delouche, Pamina; Bidabe, Marissa; Schneeberger, Patricia

2012-01-01

The large number of experimentally determined molecular structures has led to the development of a new semiotic system in the life sciences, with increasing use of accurate molecular representations. To determine how this change impacts students’ learning, we incorporated image tests into our introductory cell biology course. Groups of students used a single text dealing with signal transduction, which was supplemented with images made in one of three iconographic styles. Typically, we employed realistic renderings, using computer-generated Protein Data Bank (PDB) structures; realistic-schematic renderings, using shapes inspired by PDB structures; or schematic renderings, using simple geometric shapes to represent cellular components. The control group received a list of keywords. When students were asked to draw and describe the process in their own style and to reply to multiple-choice questions, the three iconographic approaches equally improved the overall outcome of the tests (relative to keywords). Students found the three approaches equally useful but, when asked to select a preferred style, they largely favored a realistic-schematic style. When students were asked to annotate “raw” realistic images, both keywords and schematic representations failed to prepare them for this task. We conclude that supplementary images facilitate the comprehension process and despite their visual clutter, realistic representations do not hinder learning in an introductory course. PMID:23222839

Education catching up with science: preparing students for three-dimensional literacy in cell biology.

PubMed

Kramer, Ijsbrand M; Dahmani, Hassen-Reda; Delouche, Pamina; Bidabe, Marissa; Schneeberger, Patricia

2012-01-01

The large number of experimentally determined molecular structures has led to the development of a new semiotic system in the life sciences, with increasing use of accurate molecular representations. To determine how this change impacts students' learning, we incorporated image tests into our introductory cell biology course. Groups of students used a single text dealing with signal transduction, which was supplemented with images made in one of three iconographic styles. Typically, we employed realistic renderings, using computer-generated Protein Data Bank (PDB) structures; realistic-schematic renderings, using shapes inspired by PDB structures; or schematic renderings, using simple geometric shapes to represent cellular components. The control group received a list of keywords. When students were asked to draw and describe the process in their own style and to reply to multiple-choice questions, the three iconographic approaches equally improved the overall outcome of the tests (relative to keywords). Students found the three approaches equally useful but, when asked to select a preferred style, they largely favored a realistic-schematic style. When students were asked to annotate "raw" realistic images, both keywords and schematic representations failed to prepare them for this task. We conclude that supplementary images facilitate the comprehension process and despite their visual clutter, realistic representations do not hinder learning in an introductory course.

Flow Cytometry with Gold Nanoparticles and their Clusters as scattering Contrast Agents: FDTD Simulation of Light-Cell Interaction

PubMed Central

Tanev, Stoyan; Sun, Wenbo; Pond, James; Tuchin, Valery V.; Zharov, Vladimir P.

2010-01-01

The formulation of the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) approach is presented in the framework of its potential applications to in vivo flow cytometry based on light scattering. The consideration is focused on comparison of light scattering by a single biological cell alone in controlled refractive index matching conditions and by cells labeled by gold nanoparticles. The optical schematics including phase contrast (OPCM) microscopy as a prospective modality for in vivo flow cytometry is also analyzed. The validation of the FDTD approach for the simulation of flow cytometry may open a new avenue in the development of advanced cytometric techniques based on scattering effects from nanoscale targets. PMID:19670359

Construction and testing of a Scanning Laser Radar (SLR), phase 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Flom, T.; Coombes, H. D.

1971-01-01

The scanning laser radar overall system is described. Block diagrams and photographs of the hardware are included with the system description. Detailed descriptions of all the subsystems that make up the scanning laser radar system are included. Block diagrams, photographs, and detailed optical and electronic schematics are used to help describe such subsystem hardware as the laser, beam steerer, receiver optics and detector, control and processing electronics, visual data displays, and the equipment used on the target. Tests were performed on the scanning laser radar to determine its acquisition and tracking performance and to determine its range and angle accuracies while tracking a moving target. The tests and test results are described.

Entropy and caloric curve for mononuclei considering both surface diffuseness and self-similar expansion degrees of freedom

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sobotka, L.G.; Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130; Charity, R.J.

2006-01-15

The caloric curve for mononuclear configurations is studied with a model that allows for both increased surface diffusness and self-similar expansion. The evolution of the effective mass with density and excitation is included in a schematic fashion. The entropies, extracted in a local-density approximation, confirm that nuclei posess a soft mode that is predominately a surface expansion. We also find that the mononuclear caloric curve (temperature versus excitation energy) exhibits a plateau. Thus a plateau should be the expectation with or without a multifragmentationlike phase transition. This conclusion is relevant only for reactions that populate the mononuclear region of phasemore » space.« less

Electrochemical detection of Piscirickettsia salmonis genomic DNA from salmon samples using solid-phase recombinase polymerase amplification.

PubMed

Del Río, Jonathan Sabaté; Svobodova, Marketa; Bustos, Paulina; Conejeros, Pablo; O'Sullivan, Ciara K

2016-12-01

Electrochemical detection of solid-phase isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) of Piscirickettsia salmonis in salmon genomic DNA is reported. The electrochemical biosensor was constructed by surface functionalization of gold electrodes with a thiolated forward primer specific to the genomic region of interest. Solid-phase RPA and primer elongation were achieved in the presence of the specific target sequence and biotinylated reverse primers. The formation of the subsequent surface-tethered duplex amplicons was electrochemically monitored via addition of streptavidin-linked HRP upon completion of solid-phase RPA. Successful quantitative amplification and detection were achieved in less than 1 h at 37 °C, calibrating with PCR-amplified genomic DNA standards and achieving a limit of detection of 5 · 10 -8  μg ml -1 (3 · 10 3 copies in 10 μl). The presented system was applied to the analysis of eight real salmon samples, and the method was also compared to qPCR analysis, observing an excellent degree of correlation. Graphical abstract Schematic of use of electrochemical RPA for detection of Psiricketessia salmonis in salmon liver.

Reversible hydration and aqueous exfoliation of the acetate-intercalated layered double hydroxide of Ni and Al: Observation of an ordered interstratified phase

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Manohara, G.V.; Vishnu Kamath, P., E-mail: vishnukamath8@hotmail.com; Milius, Wolfgang

2012-12-15

Acetate-intercalated layered double hydroxides (LDHs) of Ni and Al undergo reversible hydration in the solid state in response to the ambient humidity. The LDH with a high layer charge (0.33/formula unit) undergoes facile hydration in a single step, whereas the LDH with a lower layer charge (0.24/formula unit) exhibits an ordered interstratified intermediate, comprising the hydrated and dehydrated layers stacked alternatively. This phase, also known as the staged S-2 phase, coexists with the end members suggesting the existence of a solution-type equilibrium between the S-2 phase and the end members of the hydration cycle. These LDHs also undergo facile aqueousmore » exfoliation into 2-5 nm-thick tactoids with a radial dimension of 0.2-0.5 {mu}m. - Graphical abstract: Schematic of the hydrated, dehydrated and interstratified phases observed during the hydration-dehydration of Ni/Al-CH{sub 3}COO LDH. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Ni/Al-acetate LDHs were synthesized by HPFS method by hydrolysis of acetamide. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Intercalated acetate ion shows reversible hydration with variation in humidity. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer An ordered interstratified phase was observed during hydration/dehydration cycle. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer A solution type equilibrium is observed between hydration-dehydration phases. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer These LDHs undergo facile aqueous exfoliation.« less

Microterminal/Microfiche System for Computer-Based Instruction: Hardware and Software Development.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-10-01

Circuit Description and Schematic of Adaptor Module 57 Appendix C Circuit Description The schematics for circuitry used in the microfiche viewer and the...composed of four major components and associated interfaces. The major components are (a) mirroterminal. (Is) microfiche reader. (0) memory module , and (d...sensing of the position of the platen containing the microfiche so that frame locations can be verified by the microterminal software. The memory module is

Antimnemonic effects of schemas in young and older adults

PubMed Central

Badham, Stephen P.; Maylor, Elizabeth A.

2016-01-01

Schema-consistent material that is aligned with an individual’s knowledge and experience is typically more memorable than abstract material. This effect is often more extreme in older adults and schema use can alleviate age deficits in memory. In three experiments, young and older adults completed memory tasks where the availability of schematic information was manipulated. Specifying nonobvious relations between to-be-remembered word pairs paradoxically hindered memory (Experiment 1). Highlighting relations within mixed lists of related and unrelated word pairs had no effect on memory for those pairs (Experiment 2). This occurred even though related word pairs were recalled better than unrelated word pairs, particularly for older adults. Revealing a schematic context in a memory task with abstract image segments also hindered memory performance, particularly for older adults (Experiment 3). The data show that processing schematic information can come with costs that offset mnemonic benefits associated with schema-consistent stimuli. PMID:25980799

Recognition of schematic facial displays of emotion in parents of children with autism.

PubMed

Palermo, Mark T; Pasqualetti, Patrizio; Barbati, Giulia; Intelligente, Fabio; Rossini, Paolo Maria

2006-07-01

Performance on an emotional labeling task in response to schematic facial patterns representing five basic emotions without the concurrent presentation of a verbal category was investigated in 40 parents of children with autism and 40 matched controls. 'Autism fathers' performed worse than 'autism mothers', who performed worse than controls in decoding displays representing sadness or disgust. This indicates the need to include facial expression decoding tasks in genetic research of autism. In addition, emotional expression interactions between parents and their children with autism, particularly through play, where affect and prosody are 'physiologically' exaggerated, may stimulate development of social competence. Future studies could benefit from a combination of stimuli including photographs and schematic drawings, with and without associated verbal categories. This may allow the subdivision of patients and relatives on the basis of the amount of information needed to understand and process social-emotionally relevant information.

Expanding the KATE toolbox

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thomas, Stan J.

1993-01-01

KATE (Knowledge-based Autonomous Test Engineer) is a model-based software system developed in the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory at the Kennedy Space Center for monitoring, fault detection, and control of launch vehicles and ground support systems. In order to bring KATE to the level of performance, functionality, and integratability needed for firing room applications, efforts are underway to implement KATE in the C++ programming language using an X-windows interface. Two programs which were designed and added to the collection of tools which comprise the KATE toolbox are described. The first tool, called the schematic viewer, gives the KATE user the capability to view digitized schematic drawings in the KATE environment. The second tool, called the model editor, gives the KATE model builder a tool for creating and editing knowledge base files. Design and implementation issues having to do with these two tools are discussed. It will be useful to anyone maintaining or extending either the schematic viewer or the model editor.

A star-shaped polythiophene dendrimer coating for solid-phase microextraction of triazole agrochemicals.

PubMed

Abolghasemi, Mir Mahdi; Habibiyan, Rahim; Jaymand, Mehdi; Piryaei, Marzieh

2018-02-14

A nanostructured star-shaped polythiophene dendrimer was prepared and used as a fiber coating for headspace solid phase microextraction of selected triazolic pesticides (tebuconazole, hexaconazole, penconazole, diniconazole, difenoconazole, triticonazole) from water samples. The dendrimer with its large surface area was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, UV-Vis spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. It was placed on a stainless steel wire for use in SPME. The experimental conditions for fiber coating, extraction, stirring rate, ionic strength, pH value, desorption temperature and time were optimized. Following thermal desorption, the pesticides were quantified by GC-MS. Under optimum conditions, the repeatability (RSD) for one fiber (for n = 3) ranges from 4.3 to 5.6%. The detection limits are between 8 and 12 pg mL -1 . The method is fast, inexpensive (in terms of equipment), and the fiber has high thermal stability. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a nanostructured star-shaped polythiophene dendrimer for use in headspace solid phase microextraction of the triazolic pesticides (tebuconazole, hexaconazole, penconazole, diniconazole, difenoconazole, triticonazole). They were then quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Reducing Electroosmotic Flow Enables DNA Separations in Ultrathin Channels.

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-08-01

Chemical structure of DNA bases 2 Figure 1-2: Schematic diagram of DNA base pairing 5 Figure 1-3: Schematic diagram of the capillary and the...hydrogen atoms near one of the Figure 1-1: A. Chemical structure of the DNA backbone. B. Chemical structure of DNA bases . The DNA backbone consists...of pentose sugar (deoxyribose) held together by phosphodiester bonds. The DNA bases that are derivatives of purine are adenine (A) and guanine (G

Blobel and Sabatini's "Beautiful Idea": Visual Representations of the Conception and Refinement of the Signal Hypothesis.

PubMed

LaBonte, Michelle Lynne

2017-11-01

In 1971, Günter Blobel and David Sabatini proposed a novel and quite speculative schematic model to describe how proteins might reach the proper cellular location. According to their proposal, proteins destined to be secreted from the cell contain a "signal" to direct their release. Despite the fact that Blobel and Sabatini presented their signal hypothesis as a "beautiful idea" not grounded in experimental evidence, they received criticism from other scientists who opposed such speculation. Following the publication of the 1971 model, Blobel persisted in conducting experiments and revising the model to incorporate new data. In fact, over the period of 1975-1984, Blobel and colleagues published five subsequent schematic models of the signal hypothesis, each revised based on new laboratory evidence. I propose that the original 1971 model can be viewed as an epistemic creation. Additionally, analysis of the subsequent schematic diagrams over the period of 1975-1984 allows one to track Blobel's changing conception of an epistemic object over time. Furthermore, the entire series of schematic diagrams presented by Blobel from 1971 to 1984 allow one to visualize the initial conception and subsequent reworking of a scientific theory. In 1999, Blobel was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the signal hypothesis, which was ultimately supported by experimental evidence gathered after the speculative model was published.

Updating schematic emotional facial expressions in working memory: Response bias and sensitivity.

PubMed

Tamm, Gerly; Kreegipuu, Kairi; Harro, Jaanus; Cowan, Nelson

2017-01-01

It is unclear if positive, negative, or neutral emotional expressions have an advantage in short-term recognition. Moreover, it is unclear from previous studies of working memory for emotional faces whether effects of emotions comprise response bias or sensitivity. The aim of this study was to compare how schematic emotional expressions (sad, angry, scheming, happy, and neutral) are discriminated and recognized in an updating task (2-back recognition) in a representative sample of birth cohort of young adults. Schematic facial expressions allow control of identity processing, which is separate from expression processing, and have been used extensively in attention research but not much, until now, in working memory research. We found that expressions with a U-curved mouth (i.e., upwardly curved), namely happy and scheming expressions, favoured a bias towards recognition (i.e., towards indicating that the probe and the stimulus in working memory are the same). Other effects of emotional expression were considerably smaller (1-2% of the variance explained)) compared to a large proportion of variance that was explained by the physical similarity of items being compared. We suggest that the nature of the stimuli plays a role in this. The present application of signal detection methodology with emotional, schematic faces in a working memory procedure requiring fast comparisons helps to resolve important contradictions that have emerged in the emotional perception literature. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Advanced Exploration Systems Water Architecture Study Interim Results

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sargusingh, Miriam J.

2013-01-01

The mission of the Advanced Exploration System (AES) Water Recovery Project (WRP) is to develop advanced water recovery systems that enable NASA human exploration missions beyond low Earth orbit (LEO). The primary objective of the AES WRP is to develop water recovery technologies critical to near-term missions beyond LEO. The secondary objective is to continue to advance mid-readiness-level technologies to support future NASA missions. An effort is being undertaken to establish the architecture for the AES Water Recovery System (WRS) that meets both near- and long-term objectives. The resultant architecture will be used to guide future technical planning, establish a baseline development roadmap for technology infusion, and establish baseline assumptions for integrated ground and on-orbit Environmental Control and Life Support Systems definition. This study is being performed in three phases. Phase I established the scope of the study through definition of the mission requirements and constraints, as well as identifying all possible WRS configurations that meet the mission requirements. Phase II focused on the near-term space exploration objectives by establishing an International Space Station-derived reference schematic for long-duration (>180 day) in-space habitation. Phase III will focus on the long-term space exploration objectives, trading the viable WRS configurations identified in Phase I to identify the ideal exploration WRS. The results of Phases I and II are discussed in this paper.

AES Water Architecture Study Interim Results

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sarguisingh, Miriam J.

2012-01-01

The mission of the Advanced Exploration System (AES) Water Recovery Project (WRP) is to develop advanced water recovery systems in order to enable NASA human exploration missions beyond low earth orbit (LEO). The primary objective of the AES WRP is to develop water recovery technologies critical to near term missions beyond LEO. The secondary objective is to continue to advance mid-readiness level technologies to support future NASA missions. An effort is being undertaken to establish the architecture for the AES Water Recovery System (WRS) that meets both near and long term objectives. The resultant architecture will be used to guide future technical planning, establish a baseline development roadmap for technology infusion, and establish baseline assumptions for integrated ground and on-orbit environmental control and life support systems (ECLSS) definition. This study is being performed in three phases. Phase I of this study established the scope of the study through definition of the mission requirements and constraints, as well as indentifying all possible WRS configurations that meet the mission requirements. Phase II of this study focused on the near term space exploration objectives by establishing an ISS-derived reference schematic for long-duration (>180 day) in-space habitation. Phase III will focus on the long term space exploration objectives, trading the viable WRS configurations identified in Phase I to identify the ideal exploration WRS. The results of Phases I and II are discussed in this paper.

The Life Cycle Application of Intelligent Software Modeling for the First Materials Science Research Rack

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rice, Amanda; Parris, Frank; Nerren, Philip

2000-01-01

Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) has been funding development of intelligent software models to benefit payload ground operations for nearly a decade. Experience gained from simulator development and real-time monitoring and control is being applied to engineering design, testing, and operation of the First Material Science Research Rack (MSRR-1). MSRR-1 is the first rack in a suite of three racks comprising the Materials Science Research Facility (MSRF) which will operate on the International Space Station (ISS). The MSRF will accommodate advanced microgravity investigations in areas such as the fields of solidification of metals and alloys, thermo-physical properties of polymers, crystal growth studies of semiconductor materials, and research in ceramics and glasses. The MSRR-1 is a joint venture between NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA) to study the behavior of different materials during high temperature processing in a low gravity environment. The planned MSRR-1 mission duration is five (5) years on-orbit and the total design life is ten (IO) years. The MSRR-1 launch is scheduled on the third Utilization Flight (UF-3) to ISS, currently in February of 2003). The objective of MSRR-1 is to provide an early capability on the ISS to conduct material science, materials technology, and space product research investigations in microgravity. It will provide a modular, multi-user facility for microgravity research in materials crystal growth and solidification. An intelligent software model of MSRR-1 is under development and will serve multiple purposes to support the engineering analysis, testing, training, and operational phases of the MSRR-1 life cycle development. The G2 real-time expert system software environment developed by Gensym Corporation was selected as the intelligent system shell for this development work based on past experience gained and the effectiveness of the programming environment. Our approach of multi- uses of the simulation model and its intuitive graphics capabilities is providing a concurrent engineering environment for rapid prototyping and development. Operational schematics of the MSRR-1 electrical, thermal control, vacuum access, and gas supply systems, and furnace inserts are represented graphically in the environment. Logic to represent first order engineering calculations is coded into the knowledge base to simulate the operational behavior of the MSRR-1 systems. An example of engineering data provided includes electrical currents, voltages, operational power, temperatures, thermal fluid flow rates. pressures, and component status indications. These type of data are calculated and displayed at appropriate instrumentation points, and the schematics are animated to reflect the simulated operational status of the MSRR-1. The software control functions are also simulated to represent appropriate operational behavior based on automated control and response to commands received by the crew or ground controllers. The first benefit of this simulation environment is being realized in the high fidelity engineering analysis results from the electrical power system G2 model. Secondly, the MSRR-1 simulation model will be embedded with a hardware mock-up of the MSRR-1 to provide crew training on MSRR-1 integrated payload operations. G2 gateway code will output the simulated instrumentation values, termed as telemetry, in a flight-like data stream so that the crew has realistic and accurate simulated MSRR-1 data on the flight displays which will be designed for crew use. The simulation will also respond appropriately to crew or ground initiated commands, which will be part of normal facility operations. A third use of the G2 model is being planned; the MSRR-1 simulation will be integrated with additional software code as part of the test configuration of the primary onboard computer, or Master Controller, for MSRR-1. We will take advantage of the G2 capability to simulate the flight like data stream to test flight software responses and behavior. A fourth use of the G2 model will be to train the Ground Support Personnel that will monitor the MSRR-1 systems and payloads while they are operating aboard the ISS. The intuitive, schematic based environment will provide an excellent foundation for personnel to understand the integrated configuration and operation of the MSRR-1, and the anticipated telemetry feedback based on operational modes of the equipment. Expert monitoring features will be enhanced to provide a smart monitoring environment for the operators. These features include: (1) Animated, intuitive schematic-based displays which reflect telemetry values, (1) Real-time plotting of simulated or incoming sensor values, (3) High/Low exception monitoring for analog data, (4) Expected state monitoring for discrete data, (5) Data trending, (6) Automated malfunction procedure execution to diagnose problems, (7) Look ahead capability to planned MSRR-1 activities in the onboard timeline. And finally, the logic to calculate telemetry values will be deactivated, and the same environment will interface to the incoming data for the real-time telemetry stream to schematically represent the onboard hardware configuration. G2 will be the foundation for the real-time monitoring and control environment. In summary, our MSRR-1 simulation model spans many elements of the life cycle development of this project: Engineering Analysis, Test and Checkout, Training of Crew and Ground Personnel, and Real-time monitoring and control. By utilizing the unique features afforded by an expert system development environment, we have been able to synergize a powerful tool capable of addressing our project needs at every phase of project development.

Schematic baryon models, their tight binding description and their microwave realization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sadurní, E.; Franco-Villafañe, J. A.; Kuhl, U.; Mortessagne, F.; Seligman, T. H.

2013-12-01

A schematic model for baryon excitations is presented in terms of a symmetric Dirac gyroscope, a relativistic model solvable in closed form, that reduces to a rotor in the non-relativistic limit. The model is then mapped on a nearest neighbour tight binding model. In its simplest one-dimensional form this model yields a finite equidistant spectrum. This is experimentally implemented as a chain of dielectric resonators under conditions where their coupling is evanescent and a good agreement with the prediction is achieved.

Materials Research for Advanced Inertial Instrumentation; Task 3: Rare Earth Magnetic Material Technology as Related to Gyro Torquers and Motors.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-12-01

POWDER FEED S PRAY STREAM POWER INPUT - COOLING GAS I WATER DEPOSIT SUBSTRATEI 10/77 12404 REV A 1/78 Figure 13. Schematic sketch of spray process .( 14...as-HIPed condition ...... 26 13 Schematic sketch of spray process ........... ........ 3 14 X-ray diffraction patterns on deposits formed from (A) 42.0...Br values to be low. When the alloy powder is magnetically aligned and cold isostatically compacted followed by densificaton by lIPing, there is

Microcalorimetric Study of the Aging Reactions of Atomized Magnesium Powder

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-02-20

Cutaway View of the Thermometrics /LKB Model 2277 Microcalorimeter . ............ . 3 Figure 2. Schematic Diagram of the Gas Flow Ampoule System...approximately 3.5-4.0 grams) were used to simulate degradation in a non-airtight containerized storage environment. EXPERIMEN4TAL A Thermometrics /LKB Model...View of the Thermometrics /LUB Model 2277 Microcalorimeter V CAAV1Za QA3 1J4LR AT T,. Fge.chao the Gs Flowi I II - I I Apu I I ! Figure 2. Schematic

Human life support during interplanetary travel and domicile. VI - Generic modular flow schematic for hybrid physical/chemical-biological life support systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ganapathi, Gani B.; Seshan, P. K.; Ferrall, Joseph; Rohatgi, Naresh

1992-01-01

An extension is proposed for the NASA Space Exploration Initiative's Generic Modular Flow Schematics for physical/chemical life support systems which involves the addition of biological processes. The new system architecture includes plant, microbial, and animal habitat, as well as the human habitat subsystem. Major Feedstock Production and Food Preparation and Packaging components have also been incorporated. Inedible plant, aquaculture, microbial, and animal solids are processed for recycling.

An Evaluation of the Service Failure of Aluminum Nose Cones Using Four Test Techniques.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-03-01

13 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 1. Schematic of nose cone. 14 2. Subsize Charpy specimen. 15 3. Simulation test fixture. 16 4. Force displacement plot from...Figure 1. Schematic of nose cone. 14 LD 0.06 03-a 0.30L IL 1.602 Figure 2. Subsize Charpy specimen. i5 RAM DISPLACEMENT COLLART WV Ualz APPLIED FORCE...between threaded and tapered regions. In all, four measurements were made on each nose cone. The two material property measurements were made using Charpy

Effect of Load History on Fatigue Life.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-06-01

emission 166 6.4.4 Edge replication 176 6.4.5 Stiffness monitoring 177 6.4.6 Temperature monitoring 179 6.5 Selection of NDI Techniques for Tasks II and III...composites of T300/5208 and T300/934 in room temperature, laboratory at R = 0.0 139 66 Schematic of acoustic emission event 151 67 Schematic diagram of...acoustic emission system 152 68 Cross section in the 00 direction of a coupon loaded statically to 60% of the Average Ultimate Tensile Strength 158

Mechanical verification of a schematic Byzantine clock synchronization algorithm

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shankar, Natarajan

1991-01-01

Schneider generalizes a number of protocols for Byzantine fault tolerant clock synchronization and presents a uniform proof for their correctness. The authors present a machine checked proof of this schematic protocol that revises some of the details in Schneider's original analysis. The verification was carried out with the EHDM system developed at the SRI Computer Science Laboratory. The mechanically checked proofs include the verification that the egocentric mean function used in Lamport and Melliar-Smith's Interactive Convergence Algorithm satisfies the requirements of Schneider's protocol.

Subacute Effects of Inhaled Jet Fuel-A (JET A) on Airway and Immune Function in Rats

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-07-16

the source of the oil used in its manufacture. This study used fuel provided by five of the major oil companies ( blend POSF-4658, Chevron, Shell Oil... using a Hastings (Model 40) monitor. The chamber system schematic is depicted in Figure 4. Figure 4. Schematic of exposure control system...were used due to concerns that the air control animals (Group 2) might be unintentionally exposed to background levels of Jet A. Group 2 was exposed

Anomalous anisotropic compression behavior of superconducting CrAs under high pressure

PubMed Central

Yu, Zhenhai; Wu, Wei; Hu, Qingyang; Zhao, Jinggeng; Li, Chunyu; Yang, Ke; Cheng, Jinguang; Luo, Jianlin; Wang, Lin; Mao, Ho-kwang

2015-01-01

CrAs was observed to possess the bulk superconductivity under high-pressure conditions. To understand the superconducting mechanism and explore the correlation between the structure and superconductivity, the high-pressure structural evolution of CrAs was investigated using the angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The structure of CrAs remains stable up to 1.8 GPa, whereas the lattice parameters exhibit anomalous compression behaviors. With increasing pressure, the lattice parameters a and c both demonstrate a nonmonotonic change, and the lattice parameter b undergoes a rapid contraction at ∼0.18−0.35 GPa, which suggests that a pressure-induced isostructural phase transition occurs in CrAs. Above the phase transition pressure, the axial compressibilities of CrAs present remarkable anisotropy. A schematic band model was used to address the anomalous compression behavior of CrAs. The present results shed light on the structural and related electronic responses to high pressure, which play a key role toward understanding the superconductivity of CrAs. PMID:26627230

Computer aided system engineering and analysis (CASE/A) modeling package for ECLS systems - An overview

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dalee, Robert C.; Bacskay, Allen S.; Knox, James C.

1990-01-01

An overview of the CASE/A-ECLSS series modeling package is presented. CASE/A is an analytical tool that has supplied engineering productivity accomplishments during ECLSS design activities. A components verification program was performed to assure component modeling validity based on test data from the Phase II comparative test program completed at the Marshall Space Flight Center. An integrated plotting feature has been added to the program which allows the operator to analyze on-screen data trends or get hard copy plots from within the CASE/A operating environment. New command features in the areas of schematic, output, and model management, and component data editing have been incorporated to enhance the engineer's productivity during a modeling program.

An ultraviolet investigation of the unusual eclipsing binary system FF AQR

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dorren, J. D.; Guinan, E. F.; Sion, E. M.

1982-01-01

A series of seven low dispersion IUE exposures in ultraviolet and wavelength regions obtained on December 6, 1981 during the eclipse of the subdwarf, during egress, and out of eclipse is analyzed. These observations and the binary phase at which they were made are shown on a schematic representation of the V-band light curve obtained in 1975. The depth in V is 0.15 mag. The circles are IUE V magnitudes from FES measures obtained during the observing run. They indicate an eclipse depth some 0.05 mag lower than expected, possibly due to difficulties with the color term in the FES calibration. The eclipse depths of Dworetsky in U, B and V were assumed in the calculations.

The infrared spectrograph during the SIRTF pre-definition phase

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Houck, James R.

1988-01-01

A test facility was set up to evaluate back-illuminated impurity band detectors constructed for an infrared spectrograph to be used on the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF). Equipment built to perform the tests on these arrays is described. Initial tests have been geared toward determining dark current and read noise for the array. Four prior progress reports are incorporated into this report. They describe the first efforts in the detector development and testing effort; testing details and a new spectrograph concept; a discussion of resolution issues raised by the new design; management activities; a review of computer software and testing facility hardware; and a review of the preamplifier constructed as well as a revised schematic of the detector evaluation facility.

Investigation of the Static and Dynamic Characteristics for a Wafer-Fused C-band VCSEL in the Mode of the Optical-Electric Converter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Belkin, M. E.

2018-01-01

The results of an experimental study for a long wavelength vertical cavity surface-emitting laser of a wafer-fused construction as an effective resonant cavity enhanced photodetector of analog optical signals are described. The device is of interest for a number of promising microwave photonics applications and for creation of a low-cost photoreceiver in a high-speed fiber optics telecommunication system with dense wavelength division multiplexing. The schematic of the testbed, the original technique allowing to calculate the passband of the built-in optical cavity, and the results of measuring dark current, current responsivity, amplitude- and phase-frequency characteristics during the process of photo-detection are demonstrated.

Extended behavioural device modelling and circuit simulation with Qucs-S

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brinson, M. E.; Kuznetsov, V.

2018-03-01

Current trends in circuit simulation suggest a growing interest in open source software that allows access to more than one simulation engine while simultaneously supporting schematic drawing tools, behavioural Verilog-A and XSPICE component modelling, and output data post-processing. This article introduces a number of new features recently implemented in the 'Quite universal circuit simulator - SPICE variant' (Qucs-S), including structure and fundamental schematic capture algorithms, at the same time highlighting their use in behavioural semiconductor device modelling. Particular importance is placed on the interaction between Qucs-S schematics, equation-defined devices, SPICE B behavioural sources and hardware description language (HDL) scripts. The multi-simulator version of Qucs is a freely available tool that offers extended modelling and simulation features compared to those provided by legacy circuit simulators. The performance of a number of Qucs-S modelling extensions are demonstrated with a GaN HEMT compact device model and data obtained from tests using the Qucs-S/Ngspice/Xyce ©/SPICE OPUS multi-engine circuit simulator.

Interpretative bias in spider phobia: Perception and information processing of ambiguous schematic stimuli.

PubMed

Haberkamp, Anke; Schmidt, Filipp

2015-09-01

This study investigates the interpretative bias in spider phobia with respect to rapid visuomotor processing. We compared perception, evaluation, and visuomotor processing of ambiguous schematic stimuli between spider-fearful and control participants. Stimuli were produced by gradually morphing schematic flowers into spiders. Participants rated these stimuli related to their perceptual appearance and to their feelings of valence, disgust, and arousal. Also, they responded to the same stimuli within a response priming paradigm that measures rapid motor activation. Spider-fearful individuals showed an interpretative bias (i.e., ambiguous stimuli were perceived as more similar to spiders) and rated spider-like stimuli as more unpleasant, disgusting, and arousing. However, we observed no differences between spider-fearful and control participants in priming effects for ambiguous stimuli. For non-ambiguous stimuli, we observed a similar enhancement for phobic pictures as has been reported previously for natural images. We discuss our findings with respect to the visual representation of morphed stimuli and to perceptual learning processes. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Influences of Source - Item Contingency and Schematic Knowledge on Source Monitoring: Tests of the Probability-Matching Account

PubMed Central

Bayen, Ute J.; Kuhlmann, Beatrice G.

2010-01-01

The authors investigated conditions under which judgments in source-monitoring tasks are influenced by prior schematic knowledge. According to a probability-matching account of source guessing (Spaniol & Bayen, 2002), when people do not remember the source of information, they match source guessing probabilities to the perceived contingency between sources and item types. When they do not have a representation of a contingency, they base their guesses on prior schematic knowledge. The authors provide support for this account in two experiments with sources presenting information that was expected for one source and somewhat unexpected for another. Schema-relevant information about the sources was provided at the time of encoding. When contingency perception was impeded by dividing attention, participants showed schema-based guessing (Experiment 1). Manipulating source - item contingency also affected guessing (Experiment 2). When this contingency was schema-inconsistent, it superseded schema-based expectations and led to schema-inconsistent guessing. PMID:21603251

Incremental Query Rewriting with Resolution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Riazanov, Alexandre; Aragão, Marcelo A. T.

We address the problem of semantic querying of relational databases (RDB) modulo knowledge bases using very expressive knowledge representation formalisms, such as full first-order logic or its various fragments. We propose to use a resolution-based first-order logic (FOL) reasoner for computing schematic answers to deductive queries, with the subsequent translation of these schematic answers to SQL queries which are evaluated using a conventional relational DBMS. We call our method incremental query rewriting, because an original semantic query is rewritten into a (potentially infinite) series of SQL queries. In this chapter, we outline the main idea of our technique - using abstractions of databases and constrained clauses for deriving schematic answers, and provide completeness and soundness proofs to justify the applicability of this technique to the case of resolution for FOL without equality. The proposed method can be directly used with regular RDBs, including legacy databases. Moreover, we propose it as a potential basis for an efficient Web-scale semantic search technology.

Phase diagram of an extended Agassi model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

García-Ramos, J. E.; Dukelsky, J.; Pérez-Fernández, P.; Arias, J. M.

2018-05-01

Background: The Agassi model [D. Agassi, Nucl. Phys. A 116, 49 (1968), 10.1016/0375-9474(68)90482-X] is an extension of the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick (LMG) model [H. J. Lipkin, N. Meshkov, and A. J. Glick, Nucl. Phys. 62, 188 (1965), 10.1016/0029-5582(65)90862-X] that incorporates the pairing interaction. It is a schematic model that describes the interplay between particle-hole and pair correlations. It was proposed in the 1960s by D. Agassi as a model to simulate the properties of the quadrupole plus pairing model. Purpose: The aim of this work is to extend a previous study by Davis and Heiss [J. Phys. G: Nucl. Phys. 12, 805 (1986), 10.1088/0305-4616/12/9/006] generalizing the Agassi model and analyze in detail the phase diagram of the model as well as the different regions with coexistence of several phases. Method: We solve the model Hamiltonian through the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) approximation, introducing two variational parameters that play the role of order parameters. We also compare the HFB calculations with the exact ones. Results: We obtain the phase diagram of the model and classify the order of the different quantum phase transitions appearing in the diagram. The phase diagram presents broad regions where several phases, up to three, coexist. Moreover, there is also a line and a point where four and five phases are degenerated, respectively. Conclusions: The phase diagram of the extended Agassi model presents a rich variety of phases. Phase coexistence is present in extended areas of the parameter space. The model could be an important tool for benchmarking novel many-body approximations.

In Situ Fabrication Technologies: Meeting the Challenge for Exploration

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Howard, Richard W.

2005-01-01

A viewgraph presentation on Lunar and Martian in situ fabrication technologies meeting the challenges for exploration is shown. The topics include: 1) Exploration Vision; 2) Vision Requirements Early in the Program; 3) Vision Requirements Today; 4) Why is ISFR Technology Needed? 5) ISFR and In Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU); 6) Fabrication Feedstock Considerations; 7) Planetary Resource Primer; 8) Average Chemical Element Abundances in Lunar Soil; 9) Chemical Elements in Aerospace Engineering Materials; 10) Schematic of Raw Regolith Processing into Constituent Components; 11) Iron, Aluminum, and Basalt Processing from Separated Elements and Compounds; 12) Space Power Systems; 13) Power Source Applicability; 14) Fabrication Systems Technologies; 15) Repair and Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE); and 16) Habitat Structures. A development overview of Lunar and Martian repair and nondestructive evaluation is also presented.

Fabrication of nano copper oxide evenly patched on cubic sodium tantalate for oriented photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide.

PubMed

Xiang, Tianyu; Xin, Feng; Zhao, Can; Lou, Shuo; Qu, Wenxiu; Wang, Yong; Song, Yuexiao; Zhang, Shuangfang; Yin, Xiaohong

2018-05-15

A synthetic process was exploited to fabricate patchy CuO evenly planted on cubic NaTaO 3 for photocatalytically reducing CO 2 in isopropanol. The nano patches of CuO with about 15 nm in size were uniformly distributed on the surface of NaTaO 3 via a phase-transfer protocol and solvothermal synthesis. The crystal phase, morphology, composition, optical absorption and charge separation of as-prepared CuO-NaTaO 3 were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX, XPS, UV-Vis and PL. The results of photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 confirmed that the CuO patched NaTaO 3 possessed better ability to separate charge carriers and selectively reduce CO 2 to methanol than CuO directly loaded NaTaO 3 using the traditional liquid phase reduction procedure after comparing the methanol yields. Furthermore, 5 wt% CuO patched NaTaO 3 led to the highest methanol yield of 1302.22 μmol g -1 h -1 . A redox mechanism was proposed and illustrated in a schematic diagram. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Sensory, Cognitive, and Sensorimotor Learning Effects in Recognition Memory for Music.

PubMed

Mathias, Brian; Tillmann, Barbara; Palmer, Caroline

2016-08-01

Recent research suggests that perception and action are strongly interrelated and that motor experience may aid memory recognition. We investigated the role of motor experience in auditory memory recognition processes by musicians using behavioral, ERP, and neural source current density measures. Skilled pianists learned one set of novel melodies by producing them and another set by perception only. Pianists then completed an auditory memory recognition test during which the previously learned melodies were presented with or without an out-of-key pitch alteration while the EEG was recorded. Pianists indicated whether each melody was altered from or identical to one of the original melodies. Altered pitches elicited a larger N2 ERP component than original pitches, and pitches within previously produced melodies elicited a larger N2 than pitches in previously perceived melodies. Cortical motor planning regions were more strongly activated within the time frame of the N2 following altered pitches in previously produced melodies compared with previously perceived melodies, and larger N2 amplitudes were associated with greater detection accuracy following production learning than perception learning. Early sensory (N1) and later cognitive (P3a) components elicited by pitch alterations correlated with predictions of sensory echoic and schematic tonality models, respectively, but only for the perception learning condition, suggesting that production experience alters the extent to which performers rely on sensory and tonal recognition cues. These findings provide evidence for distinct time courses of sensory, schematic, and motoric influences within the same recognition task and suggest that learned auditory-motor associations influence responses to out-of-key pitches.

Phase III Early Restoration Public Meetings | NOAA Gulf Spill Restoration

Science.gov Websites

Archive Home Phase III Early Restoration Public Meetings Phase III Early Restoration Public Meetings share Posted on December 6, 2013 | Assessment and Early Restoration Restoration Area Title: Phase III Early on the draft plan for the third phase of Early Restoration, which proposes more than $625 million in

Gene expression profiles of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the early stationary phase.

PubMed

Meng, L; Alter, T; Aho, T; Huehn, S

2015-09-01

Vibrio (V.) parahaemolyticus is an aquatic bacterium capable of causing foodborne gastroenteritis. In the environment or the food chain, V. parahaemolyticus cells are usually forced into the stationary phase, the common phase for bacterial survival in the environment. So far, little is known about whole genomic expression of V. parahaemolyticus in the early stationary phase compared with the exponential growth phase. We performed whole transcriptomic profiling of V. parahaemolyticus cells in both phases (exponential and early stationary phase). Our data showed in total that 172 genes were induced in early stationary phase, while 61 genes were repressed in early stationary phase compared with the exponential phase. Three functional categories showed stable gene expression in the early stationary phase. Eleven functional categories showed that up-regulation of genes was dominant over down-regulation in the early stationary phase. Although genes related to endogenous metabolism were repressed in the early stationary phase, massive regulation of gene expression occurred in the early stationary phase, indicating the expressed gene set of V. parahaemolyticus in the early stationary phase impacts environmental survival. Vibrio (V.) parahaemolyticus is one of the main bacterial causes of foodborne intestinal infections. This bacterium usually is forced into stationary phase in the environment, which includes, e.g. seafood. When bacteria are in stationary phase, physiological changes can lead to a resistance to many stresses, including physical and chemical challenges during food processing. To the best of our knowledge, highlighting the whole genome expression changes in the early stationary phase compared with exponential phase, as well as the investigation of physiological changes of V. parahaemolyticus such as the survival mechanism in the stationary phase has been the very first study in this field. © 2015 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

The Effects of Pain Intensity on Goal Schemas and Goal Pursuit: A Daily Diary Study

PubMed Central

Karoly, Paul; Okun, Morris A.; Enders, Craig; Tennen, Howard

2014-01-01

Objective Although the adverse effects of chronic pain on work productivity and daily life pursuits are clear, the within-person dynamics of pain, goal cognition, and engagement in work-related and lifestyle goals remain uncharted. This study investigated the impact of pain intensity (assessed on three occasions each day) and goal-related schematic thinking (ratings of importance, planning, and goal pursuit opportunities, assessed only in the morning) on afternoon and evening work and lifestyle goal pursuit. Methods A community sample of working adults with chronic pain (N =131) were screened and interviewed about their work and lifestyle goals and completed a 21-day telephonic diary. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to estimate within-person and between-person effects. Results At the within-person level, morning pain intensity was inversely related to schematic cognition concerning work and lifestyle goals, whereas, at the between-person level, morning pain intensity varied positively with schematic thinking about work goals as well with afternoon life-style goal pursuit. At both the between- and within- analytic levels, morning goal schemas were positively associated with the pursuit of each type of goal in the afternoon and again in the evening. Moreover, positive carry-over effects of morning goal schemas on next day afternoon goal pursuit were observed. Conclusions Whereas morning pain intensity exhibited inconsistent effects across analytic levels, morning goal-related schematic thinking consistently predicted goal pursuit across analytic levels, type of goal, and time of day. These findings have implications for treatment and prevention of pain’s potentially deleterious effects on workplace and lifestyle goals. PMID:25180547

Rape-related cognitive distortions: Preliminary findings on the role of early maladaptive schemas.

PubMed

Sigre-Leirós, Vera; Carvalho, Joana; Nobre, Pedro J

2015-01-01

Despite the important focus on the notion of cognitive distortions in the sexual offending area, the relevance of underlying cognitive schemas in sexual offenders has also been suggested. The aim of the present study was to investigate a potential relationship between Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMSs) and cognitive distortions in rapists. A total of 33 men convicted for rape completed the Bumby Rape Scale (BRS), the Young Schema Questionnaire - Short form-3 (YSQ-S3), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), and the Socially Desirable Response Set Measure (SDRS-5). Results showed a significant relationship between the impaired limits schematic domain and the Justifying Rape dimension of the BRS. Specifically, after controlling for psychological distress levels and social desirability tendency, the entitlement/grandiosity schema from the impaired limits domain was a significant predictor of cognitive distortions related to Justifying Rape themes. Overall, despite preliminary, there is some evidence that the Young's Schema-Focused model namely the impaired limits dimension may contribute for the conceptualization of cognitive distortions in rapists and further investigation is recommended. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Phase III of Early Restoration | NOAA Gulf Spill Restoration

Science.gov Websites

information about this phase of Early Restoration, including fact sheets on each project. The final Phase III 44 projects are documented in a final Record of Decision. Information about Phase III of Early Archive Home Phase III of Early Restoration Phase III of Early Restoration Beach habitat would be restored

Impoverished descriptions of familiar routes in three cases of hippocampal/medial temporal lobe amnesia.

PubMed

Herdman, Katherine A; Calarco, Navona; Moscovitch, Morris; Hirshhorn, Marnie; Rosenbaum, R Shayna

2015-10-01

Recent research has challenged classic theories of hippocampal function in spatial memory with findings that the hippocampus may be necessary for detailed representations of environments learned long ago, but not for remembering the gist or schematic aspects that are sufficient for navigating within those environments (Rosenbaum et al., 2000; Rosenbaum, Winocur, Binns, & Moscovitch, 2012). We aimed to probe further distinctions between detailed and schematic representations of familiar environments in three cases of hippocampal/medial temporal lobe (MTL) amnesia by testing them on a route description task and mental navigation tasks that assess the identity and location of landmarks, and distances and directions between them. The amnesic cases could describe basic directions along known, imagined routes, estimate distance and direction between well-known landmarks, and produce sketch maps with accurate layouts, suggestive of intact schematic representations. However, findings that their route descriptions lack richness of detail, along with impoverished sketch maps and poor landmark recognition, substantiates previous findings that detailed representations are hippocampus-dependent. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Develop and test fuel cell powered on-site integrated total energy systems. Phase 3: Full-scale power plant development

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1981-01-01

A schematic and physical layout is given for the 5kW integrated system and the development status of individual components is described. The results of using a one dimensional mathematical model of the 5kW reformer are presented. Plans for a single-tube reformer test unit for the acquisition of temperature profile data are described. Tentative specifications for a 50kW dc-to-ac inverter are listed. Performance data are given on two 3-cell stacks incorporating semiautomatic acid replenishment systems and improved electrocatalysts. A qualification test on methanol/steam reforming catalyst T2107RS is reported, including a portion in which the catalyst was deliberately poisoned with 800 ppm ethanol in the feed.

Low cost hydrogen/novel membrane technology for hydrogen separation from synthesis gas, Phase 1. [Polyetherimide, cellulose acetate and ethylcellulose

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1986-01-01

The goal of this program is to develop polymer membranes useful in the preparation of hydrogen from coal-derived synthesis gas. During this quarter the first experiment were aimed at developing high performance composite membranes for the separation of hydrogen from nitrogen and carbon monoxide. Three polymers have been selected as materials for these membranes: polyetherimide cellulose acetate and ethylcellulose. This quarter the investigators worked on polyetherimide and cellulose acetate membranes. The overall structure of these membranes is shown schematically in Figure 1. As shown, a microporous support membrane is first coated with a high flux intermediate layer then with anmore » ultrathin permselective layer and finally, if necessary, a thin protective high flux layer. 1 fig., 4 tabs.« less

Flow cytometry with gold nanoparticles and their clusters as scattering contrast agents: FDTD simulation of light-cell interaction.

PubMed

Tanev, Stoyan; Sun, Wenbo; Pond, James; Tuchin, Valery V; Zharov, Vladimir P

2009-09-01

The formulation of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) approach is presented in the framework of its potential applications to in-vivo flow cytometry based on light scattering. The consideration is focused on comparison of light scattering by a single biological cell alone in controlled refractive-index matching conditions and by cells labeled by gold nanoparticles. The optical schematics including phase contrast (OPCM) microscopy as a prospective modality for in-vivo flow cytometry is also analyzed. The validation of the FDTD approach for the simulation of flow cytometry may open up a new avenue in the development of advanced cytometric techniques based on scattering effects from nanoscale targets. 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

Phase diagrams and crystal growth

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Venkrbec, Jan

1980-04-01

Phase diagrams are briefly treated as generalized property-composition relationships, with respect to crystal technology optimization. The treatment is based on mutual interaction of three systems related to semiconductors: (a) the semiconducting material systems, (b0 the data bank, (c) the system of crystallization methods. A model is proposed enabling optimatization on the path from application requirements to the desired material. Further, several examples of the selection as to the composition of LED and laser diode material are given. Some of molten-solution-zone methods are being successfully introduced for this purpose. Common features of these methods, the application of phase diagrams, and their pecularities compared with other crystallization methods are illustrated by schematic diagrams and by examples. LPE methods, particularly the steady-state LPE methods such as Woodall's ISM and Nishizawa's TDM-CVP, and the CAM-S (Crystallization Method Providing Composition Autocontrol in Situ) have been chosen as examples. Another approach of exploiting phase diagrams for optimal material selection and for determination of growth condition before experimentation through a simple calculation is presented on InP-GaP solid solutions. Ternary phase diagrams are visualized in space through calculation and constructions based on the corresponding thermodynamic models and anaglyphs. These make it easy to observe and qualitatively analyze the crystallization of every composition. Phase diagrams can be also used as a powerful tool for the deduction of new crystallization methods. Eutectic crystallization is an example of such an approach where a modified molten-solution-zone method can give a sandwich structure with an abrupt concentration change. The concentration of a component can range from 0 to 100% in the different solid phases.

Monoclinic to cubic phase transformation and photoluminescence properties in Hf1-xSmxO2 (x = 0-0.12) nanoparticles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kumar, Sandeep; Rai, S. B.; Rath, Chandana

2018-02-01

Bulk hafnium oxide (HfO2) exhibits the monoclinic phase at room temperature which transforms to tetragonal and cubic phases at 1700 and 2600 °C, respectively, under ambient conditions. For the first time, we observe a monoclinic to stable cubic phase transformation at room temperature in nanoparticles of HfO2 by incorporating Sm3+ ions up to 12 at. %. Although the monoclinic structure is retained at 1 at. % of Sm, a mixed phase of monoclinic and cubic is observed at intermediate Sm concentration (5-11 at. %). Le-Bail profile refinement of X-ray diffraction patterns confirms the monoclinic to cubic phase transformation with increasing Sm3+ ion concentration. While the significant difference in ionic radii of Sm3+ and Hf4+ ion induces strain in the lattice above 9 at. %, a lower valency of Sm produces oxygen vacancy leading to 8-fold coordination with Sm3+ ion and stabilizes the cubic phase at room temperature. Not only the particle size obtained from transmission electron micrograph (TEM) matches well with the size calculated from the Williamson-Hall plot, the lattice spacing estimated from high resolution TEM also confirms the monoclinic and cubic phases in HfO2 and Hf0.88Sm0.12O2, respectively. Apart from phase transformation induced by Sm3+ ions, photoluminescence studies demonstrate an excellent emission in near green and red regions in Hf1-xSmxO2 nanoparticles. A schematic energy band diagram has been proposed based on the excitation and emission processes involved in HfO2 and Hf0.99Sm0.01O2 nanoparticles.

A seismic analysis for masonry constructions: The different schematization methods of masonry walls

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Olivito, Renato. S.; Codispoti, Rosamaria; Scuro, Carmelo

2017-11-01

Seismic analysis of masonry structures is usually analyzed through the use of structural calculation software based on equivalent frames method or to macro-elements method. In these approaches, the masonry walls are divided into vertical elements, masonry walls, and horizontal elements, so-called spandrel elements, interconnected by rigid nodes. The aim of this work is to make a critical comparison between different schematization methods of masonry wall underlining the structural importance of the spandrel elements. In order to implement the methods, two different structural calculation software were used and an existing masonry building has been examined.

NEONATAL VISUAL INFORMATION PROCESSING IN COCAINE-EXPOSED AND NON-EXPOSED INFANTS

PubMed Central

Singer, Lynn T.; Arendt, Robert; Fagan, Joseph; Minnes, Sonia; Salvator, Ann; Bolek, Tina; Becker, Michael

2014-01-01

This study investigated early neonatal visual preferences in 267 poly drug exposed neonates (131 cocaine-exposed and 136 non-cocaine exposed) whose drug exposure was documented through interviews and urine and meconium drug screens. Infants were given four visual recognition memory tasks comparing looking time to familiarized stimuli of lattices and rectangular shapes to novel stimuli of a schematic face and curved hourglass and bull’s eye forms. Cocaine-exposed infants performed more poorly, after consideration of confounding factors, with a relationship of severity of cocaine exposure to lower novelty score found for both self-report and biologic measures of exposure, Findings support theories which link prenatal cocaine exposure to deficits in information processing entailing attentional and arousal organizational systems. Neonatal visual discrimination and attention tasks should be further explored as potentially sensitive behavioral indicators of teratologic effects. PMID:25717215

Chad Basin: Paleoenvironments of the Sahara since the Late Miocene

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schuster, Mathieu; Duringer, Philippe; Ghienne, Jean-François; Roquin, Claude; Sepulchre, Pierre; Moussa, Abderamane; Lebatard, Anne-Elisabeth; Mackaye, Hassan Taisso; Likius, Andossa; Vignaud, Patrick; Brunet, Michel

2009-08-01

Since the mid 1990s, the Mission paléoanthropologique francotchadienne (MPFT) conducts yearly paleontological field investigations of the Miocene-Pliocene of the Chad Basin. This article synthesizes some of the results of the MPFT, with focus on the Chad Basin development during the Neogene. We propose an overview of the depositional paleoenvironments of this part of Africa at different scales of time and space, based on a multidisciplinary approach (sedimentary geology, geomorphology, geophysic, numerical simulations and geochronology). The Miocene-Pliocene paleoenvironments are examined through the sedimentary archives of the early hominids levels and the Holocene Lake Mega-Chad episode illustrates the last major paleoenvironmental change in this area. The sedimentary record of the Chad Basin since the Late Miocene can be schematized as the result of recurrent interactions from lake to desert environments.

High-Speed, Three Dimensional Object Composition Mapping Technology

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ishikawa, M Y

2001-02-14

This document overviews an entirely new approach to determining the composition--the chemical-elemental, isotopic and molecular make-up--of complex, highly structured objects, moreover with microscopic spatial resolution in all 3 dimensions. The front cover depicts the new type of pulsed laser system at the heart of this novel technology under adjustment by Alexis Wynne, and schematically indicates two of its early uses: swiftly analyzing the 3-D composition governed structure of a transistor circuit with both optical and mass-spectrometric detectors, and of fossilized dinosaur and turtle bones high-speed probed by optical detection means. Studying the composition-cued 3-D micro-structures of advanced composite materials andmore » the microscopic scale composition-texture of biological tissues are two near-term examples of the rich spectrum of novel applications enabled by this field-opening analytic tool-set.« less

γ-decay of {}_{8}^{16}{{\\rm{O}}}_{8}\\,{and}\\,{}_{7}^{16}{{\\rm{N}}}_{9} in proton-neutron Tamm-Dancoff and random phase approximations with optimized surface δ interaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pahlavani, M. R.; Firoozi, B.

2016-09-01

γ-ray transitions from excited states of {}16{{N}} and {}16{{O}} isomers that appear in the γ spectrum of the {}616{{{C}}}10\\to {}716{{{N}}}9\\to {}816{{{O}}}8 beta decay chain are investigated. The theoretical approach used in this research starts with a mean-field potential consisting of a phenomenological Woods-Saxon potential including spin-orbit and Coulomb terms (for protons) in order to obtain single-particle energies and wave functions for nucleons in a nucleus. A schematic residual surface delta interaction is then employed on the top of the mean field and is treated within the proton-neutron Tamm-Dancoff approximation (pnTDA) and the proton-neutron random phase approximation. The goal is to use an optimized surface delta interaction interaction, as a residual interaction, to improve the results. We have used artificial intelligence algorithms to establish a good agreement between theoretical and experimental energy spectra. The final results of the ‘optimized’ calculations are reasonable via this approach.

An assessment of potential degradation products in the gas-phase reactions of alternative fluorocarbons in the troposphere

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Niki, Hiromi

1990-01-01

Tropospheric chemical transformations of alternative hydrofluorocarbons (HCF's) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC's) are governed by hydroxyl radical initiated oxidation processes, which are likely to be analogous to those known for alkanes and chloroalkanes. A schematic diagram is used to illustrate plausible reaction mechanisms for their atmospheric degradation, where R, R', and R'' denote the F- and/or Cl-substituted alkyl groups derived from HCF's and HCFC's subsequent th the initial H atom abstraction by HO radicals. At present, virtually no kinetic data exist for the majority of these reactions, particularly for those involving RO. Potential degradation intermediates and final products include a large variety of fluorine- and/or chlorine-containing carbonyls, acids, peroxy acids, alcohols, hydrogen peroxides, nitrates and peroxy nitrates, as summarized in the attached table. Probably atmospheric lifetimes of these compounds were also estimated. For some carbonyl and nitrate products shown in this table, there seem to be no significant gas-phase removal mechanisms. Further chemical kinetics and photochemical data are needed to quantitatively assess the atmospheric fate of HCF's and HCFC's, and of the degradation products postulated in this report.

Phase V of Early Restoration | NOAA Gulf Spill Restoration

Science.gov Websites

Phase V Early Restoration Plan and Environmental Assessment. The project will acquire land along Florida million. Phase V Early Restoration Plan and Environmental Assessment (pdf, 10 MB) Draft Phase V Early Restoration Plan and Environmental Assessment (Executive Summary) (2 MB) Phase V Fact Sheet (pdf, 2 MB) Gulf

Two-dimensional Coupled Petrological-tectonic Modelling of Extensional Basins

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kaus, B. J. P.; Podladchikov, Y. Y.; Connolly, J. A. D.

Most numerical codes that simulate the deformation of a lithosphere assume the den- sity of the lithosphere to be either constant or depend only on temperature and pres- sure. It is, however, well known that rocks undergo phase transformations in response to changes in pressure and temperature. Such phase transformations may substantially alter the bulk properties of the rock (i.e., density, thermal conductivity, thermal ex- pansivity and elastic moduli). Several previous studies demonstrated that the density effects due to phase transitions are indeed large enough to have an impact on the litho- sphere dynamics. These studies were however oversimplified in that they accounted for only one or two schematic discontinuous phase transitions. The current study there- fore takes into account all the reactions that occur for a realistic lithospheric composi- tion. Calculation of the phase diagram and bulk physical properties of the stable phase assemblages for the crust and mantle within the continental lithosphere was done ac- counting for mineral solution behaviour using a free energy minimization program for natural rock compositions. The results of these calculations provide maps of the varia- tions in rock properties as a function of pressure and temperature that are easily incor- porated in any dynamic model computations. In this contribution we implemented a density map in the two-dimensional basin code TECMOD2D. We compare the results of the model with metamorphic reactions with a model without reactions and define some effective parameters that allow the use of a simpler model that still mimics most of the density effects of the metamorphic reactions.

Electro-optic architecture for servicing sensors and actuators in advanced aircraft propulsion systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Poppel, G. L.; Glasheen, W. M.

1989-01-01

A detailed design of a fiber optic propulsion control system, integrating favored sensors and electro-optics architecture is presented. Layouts, schematics, and sensor lists describe an advanced fighter engine system model. Components and attributes of candidate fiber optic sensors are identified, and evaluation criteria are used in a trade study resulting in favored sensors for each measurand. System architectural ground rules were applied to accomplish an electro-optics architecture for the favored sensors. A key result was a considerable reduction in signal conductors. Drawings, schematics, specifications, and printed circuit board layouts describe the detailed system design, including application of a planar optical waveguide interface.

Origin, development, and evolution of butterfly eyespots.

PubMed

Monteiro, Antónia

2015-01-07

This article reviews the latest developments in our understanding of the origin, development, and evolution of nymphalid butterfly eyespots. Recent contributions to this field include insights into the evolutionary and developmental origin of eyespots and their ancestral deployment on the wing, the evolution of eyespot number and eyespot sexual dimorphism, and the identification of genes affecting eyespot development and black pigmentation. I also compare features of old and more recently proposed models of eyespot development and propose a schematic for the genetic regulatory architecture of eyespots. Using this schematic I propose two hypotheses for why we observe limits to morphological diversity across these serially homologous traits.

Brueckner G -matrix approach for neutron-proton pairing correlations in the deformed BCS approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ha, Eunja; Cheoun, Myung-Ki; Šimkovic, F.

2015-10-01

Ground states of even-even Ge isotopes with mass number A =64 -76 have been studied in the deformed Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory by taking neutron-proton (n p ) pairing correlations as well as neutron-neutron (n n ) and proton-proton (p p ) pairing correlations. The n p pairing has two different modes J =0 ,T =1 (isotriplet) and J =1 ,T =0 (isosinglet). In this work, the Brueckner G matrix, based on the CD-Bonn potential, has been exploited to reduce the ambiguity regarding nucleon-nucleon interactions inside nuclei compared to the results by a simple schematic phenomenological force. We found that the G matrix plays important roles to obtain reasonable descriptions of even-even nuclei compared to the schematic force. The n p pairing strength has been shown to have a clear correlation with quadrupole deformation parameter β2 for the isotopes, and affects the smearing of the Fermi surfaces of not only N =Z nuclei but also N ≠Z nuclei. In particular, the coexistence of the like particle (n n and p p ) and the n p pairing modes was found to become more salient by the G -matrix approach than by the schematic force approach.

Determination of the Cd-bearing phases in municipal solid waste and biomass single fly ash particles using SR-microXRF spectroscopy.

PubMed

Camerani, Maria Caterina; Somogyi, Andrea; Vekemans, Bart; Ansell, Stuart; Simionovici, Alexandre S; Steenari, Britt-Marie; Panas, Itai

2007-09-01

By using an excitation energy of 27.0 keV, synchrotron radiation-induced micro-X-ray fluorescence (SR-microXRF) is employed to extract information regarding the composition and distribution of Cd-bearing phases in municipal solid waste (MSW) and biomass fly ashes. Significance of observation is based on statistics of totally more than 100 individual MSW and biomass fly ash particles from a fluidized bed combustion (FBC) plant. Cd concentrations in the parts-per-million range are determined. In general, although previous leaching studies have indicated Cd to be predominant in the smaller-size ash particles, in the present study Cd is more evenly distributed throughout all the particle sizes. For MSW fly ashes, results indicate the presence of Cd mainly as CdBr2 hot-spots, whereas for biomass fly ashes, which exhibit lower CdX2 concentration, a thin Cd layer on/in the particles is reported. For both ashes, Ca-containing matrixes are found to be the main Cd-bearing phases. Support for this observation is found from independent first-principles periodic density functional theory calculations. The observations are condensed into a schematic mechanism for Cd adsorption on the fly ash particles.

CSI Flight Computer System and experimental test results

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sparks, Dean W., Jr.; Peri, F., Jr.; Schuler, P.

1993-01-01

This paper describes the CSI Computer System (CCS) and the experimental tests performed to validate its functionality. This system is comprised of two major components: the space flight qualified Excitation and Damping Subsystem (EDS) which performs controls calculations; and the Remote Interface Unit (RIU) which is used for data acquisition, transmission, and filtering. The flight-like RIU is the interface between the EDS and the sensors and actuators positioned on the particular structure under control. The EDS and RIU communicate over the MIL-STD-1553B, a space flight qualified bus. To test the CCS under realistic conditions, it was connected to the Phase-0 CSI Evolutionary Model (CEM) at NASA Langley Research Center. The following schematic shows how the CCS is connected to the CEM. Various tests were performed which validated the ability of the system to perform control/structures experiments.

Dynamic analysis of elastic rubber tired car wheel breaking under variable normal load

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fedotov, A. I.; Zedgenizov, V. G.; Ovchinnikova, N. I.

2017-10-01

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the dynamics of the braking of the wheel under normal load variations. The paper uses a mathematical simulation method according to which the calculation model of an object as a mechanical system is associated with a dynamically equivalent schematic structure of the automatic control. Transfer function tool analyzing structural and technical characteristics of an object as well as force disturbances were used. It was proved that the analysis of dynamic characteristics of the wheel subjected to external force disturbances has to take into account amplitude and phase-frequency characteristics. Normal load variations impact car wheel braking subjected to disturbances. The closer slip to the critical point is, the higher the impact is. In the super-critical area, load variations cause fast wheel blocking.

Optimizing atomic force microscopy for characterization of diamond-protein interfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rezek, Bohuslav; Ukraintsev, Egor; Kromka, Alexander

2011-12-01

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) in contact mode and tapping mode is employed for high resolution studies of soft organic molecules (fetal bovine serum proteins) on hard inorganic diamond substrates in solution and air. Various effects in morphology and phase measurements related to the cantilever spring constant, amplitude of tip oscillations, surface approach, tip shape and condition are demonstrated and discussed based on the proposed schematic models. We show that both diamond and proteins can be mechanically modified by Si AFM cantilever. We propose how to choose suitable cantilever type, optimize scanning parameters, recognize and minimize various artifacts, and obtain reliable AFM data both in solution and in air to reveal microscopic characteristics of protein-diamond interfaces. We also suggest that monocrystalline diamond is well defined substrate that can be applicable for fundamental studies of molecules on surfaces in general.

Integrated fountain effect pump device for fluid management at low gravity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yuan, S. W. K.; Frank, D. J.

1988-01-01

A new device for fluid management at low gravity is described. The system is basically the same as the enclosed capillary device using screens, in which the screens along the gallery channels are replaced by porous plugs which are responsible for both the fluid retention and pumping of He II; in this device, no downstream pump is needed. The plugs in contact with liquid He on both sides act as a fountain-effect pumps (FEPs), while plugs exposed to vapor on one side behave as vapor-liquid phase separators (VLPSs). The total net rate of He II transfer into the receiving tank equals the mass flow rate through the FEP plugs minus the liquid loss from the VLPS plugs. The results of the performance analysis of this integrated FEP device are presented together with its schematic diagram.

Low cost hydrogen/novel membrane technology for hydrogen separation from synthesis gas, Phase 1. Quarterly technical progress report for the period ending March 31, 1986

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1986-12-31

The goal of this program is to develop polymer membranes useful in the preparation of hydrogen from coal-derived synthesis gas. During this quarter the first experiment were aimed at developing high performance composite membranes for the separation of hydrogen from nitrogen and carbon monoxide. Three polymers have been selected as materials for these membranes: polyetherimide cellulose acetate and ethylcellulose. This quarter the investigators worked on polyetherimide and cellulose acetate membranes. The overall structure of these membranes is shown schematically in Figure 1. As shown, a microporous support membrane is first coated with a high flux intermediate layer then with anmore » ultrathin permselective layer and finally, if necessary, a thin protective high flux layer. 1 fig., 4 tabs.« less

Motor and sensory rehabilitation after lower limb amputation: state of art and perspective of change.

PubMed

Casale, Roberto; Maini, Maurizio; Bettinardi, Ornella; Labeeb, Alaa; Rosati, Vanessa; Damiani, Carlo; Mallik, Maryam

2013-01-01

The rehabilitation of the amputated patient is based on a coordinated sequence of diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic procedures carried out by an interdisciplinary rehabilitation team, that works globally on all patient problems. The objectives of the different phases of the rehabilitation treatment were reviewed. Due to their relevance in conditioning the final outcome of the treatment, aspects requiring further studies and remarks, were also reviewed. Among these the psychological aspects, the alterations of all sensory inputs, the secondary alterations at the bone, articular and muscular level, pain of the residual limb and the phantom limb. Finally, the basic criteria to be used to choose the kind of prosthesis in relation to the characteristics and expectations of the amputated person, and the results of the recovery of the autonomy and walking ability, will be schematically described.

Phase IV of Early Restoration | NOAA Gulf Spill Restoration

Science.gov Websites

Trustees published the Final Phase IV Early Restoration Plan and Environmental Assessments. The plan habitats. Useful Links: Final Phase IV Early Restoration Plan and Environmental Assessments (pdf, 4.8 MB ) Final Phase IV Early Restoration Plan and Environmental Assessments Executive Summary (pdf, 729 KB

Early Restoration | NOAA Gulf Spill Restoration

Science.gov Websites

Early Restoration Plan. On April 20, 2011 we reached an agreement with BP to start restoration planning draft plan for the third phase of early restoration in December 2013. We are considering your comments : All Phase III information and documents Phase II Useful Links: Phase II Early Restoration Plan &

Volcanostratigraphic Approach for Evaluation of Geothermal Potential in Galunggung Volcano

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ramadhan, Q. S.; Sianipar, J. Y.; Pratopo, A. K.

2016-09-01

he geothermal systems in Indonesia are primarily associated with volcanoes. There are over 100 volcanoes located on Sumatra, Java, and in the eastern part of Indonesia. Volcanostratigraphy is one of the methods that is used in the early stage for the exploration of volcanic geothermal system to identify the characteristics of the volcano. The stratigraphy of Galunggung Volcano is identified based on 1:100.000 scale topographic map of Tasikmalaya sheet, 1:50.000 scale topographic map and also geological map. The schematic flowchart for evaluation of geothermal exploration is used to interpret and evaluate geothermal potential in volcanic regions. Volcanostratigraphy study has been done on Galunggung Volcano and Talaga Bodas Volcano, West Java, Indonesia. Based on the interpretation of topographic map and analysis of the dimension, rock composition, age and stress regime, we conclude that both Galunggung Volcano and Talaga Bodas Volcano have a geothermal resource potential that deserve further investigation.

A comparative look at sunspot cycles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilson, R. M.

1984-01-01

On the basis of cycles 8 through 20, spanning about 143 years, observations of sunspot number, smoothed sunspot number, and their temporal properties were used to compute means, standard deviations, ranges, and frequency of occurrence histograms for a number of sunspot cycle parameters. The resultant schematic sunspot cycle was contrasted with the mean sunspot cycle, obtained by averaging smoothed sunspot number as a function of time, tying all cycles (8 through 20) to their minimum occurence date. A relatively good approximation of the time variation of smoothed sunspot number for a given cycle is possible if sunspot cycles are regarded in terms of being either HIGH- or LOW-R(MAX) cycles or LONG- or SHORT-PERIOD cycles, especially the latter. Linear regression analyses were performed comparing late cycle parameters with early cycle parameters and solar cycle number. The early occurring cycle parameters can be used to estimate later occurring cycle parameters with relatively good success, based on cycle 21 as an example. The sunspot cycle record clearly shows that the trend for both R(MIN) and R(MAX) was toward decreasing value between cycles 8 through 14 and toward increasing value between cycles 14 through 20. Linear regression equations were also obtained for several measures of solar activity.

Utilizing OODB schema modeling for vocabulary management.

PubMed Central

Gu, H.; Cimino, J. J.; Halper, M.; Geller, J.; Perl, Y.

1996-01-01

Comprehension of complex controlled vocabularies is often difficult. We present a method, facilitated by an object-oriented database, for depicting such a vocabulary (the Medical Entities Dictionary (MED) from the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center) in a schematic way which uses a sparse inheritance network of area classes. The resulting Object Oriented Health Vocabulary repository (OOHVR) allows visualization of the 43,000 MED concepts as 90 area classes. This view has provided valuable information to those responsible with maintaining the MED. As a result, the MED organization has been improved and some previously-unrecognized errors and inconsistencies have been removed. We believe that this schematic approach allows improved comprehension of the gestalt of large controlled medical vocabulary. PMID:8947671

US/CIS integrated NTRE

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bulman, M. J.; Culver, D. W.; McIlwain, M. C.; Rochow, Richard; D'Yakov, E. K.; Smetannikov, V. P.

1993-06-01

The paper describes the Nuclear Thermal Energy (NTRE) engine, developed by taking advantage of mature fuel technology developed in the former Soviet Union, thus shortening the development schedule of this engine for moon and Mars explorations. The near-term NTRE engine has a number of features that provide safety, mission performance, cost, and risk benefits. These include: (1) high-temperature long-life CIS fuel, (2) high-pressure recuperated expander cycle, (3) assured restart, (4) long-life cooled nozzle with thin inner wall, (5) long-life turbopumps, (6) heat radiation and electrical power generation, and (7) component integration synergy. Diagrams of the reactor core, the recuperated bottoming cycle flow schematic, and the recuperated bottoming cycle engine schematic are presented.

Fiber-based monolithic columns for liquid chromatography.

PubMed

Ladisch, Michael; Zhang, Leyu

2016-10-01

Fiber-based monoliths for use in liquid chromatographic separations are defined by columns packed with aligned fibers, woven matrices, or contiguous fiber structures capable of achieving rapid separations of proteins, macromolecules, and low molecular weight components. A common denominator and motivating driver for this approach, first initiated 25 years ago, was reducing the cost of bioseparations in a manner that also reduced residence time of retained components while achieving a high ratio of mass to momentum transfer. This type of medium, when packed into a liquid chromatography column, minimized the fraction of stagnant liquid and resulted in a constant plate height for non-adsorbing species. The uncoupling of dispersion from eluent flow rate enabled the surface chemistry of the stationary phase to be considered separately from fluid transport phenomena and pointed to new ways to apply chemistry for the engineering of rapid bioseparations. This paper addresses developments and current research on fiber-based monoliths and explains how the various forms of this type of chromatographic stationary phase have potential to provide new tools for analytical and preparative scale separations. The different stationary phases are discussed, and a model that captures the observed constant plate height as a function of mobile phase velocity is reviewed. Methods that enable hydrodynamically stable fiber columns to be packed and operated over a range of mobile phase flow rates, together with the development of new fiber chemistries, are shown to provide columns that extend the versatility of liquid chromatography using monoliths, particularly at the preparative scale. Graphical Abstract Schematic representation of a sample mixture being separated by a rolled-stationary phase column, resulting separated peaks shown in the chromatogram.

A digitalized silicon microgyroscope based on embedded FPGA.

PubMed

Xia, Dunzhu; Yu, Cheng; Wang, Yuliang

2012-09-27

This paper presents a novel digital miniaturization method for a prototype silicon micro-gyroscope (SMG) with the symmetrical and decoupled structure. The schematic blocks of the overall system consist of high precision analog front-end interface, high-speed 18-bit analog to digital convertor, a high-performance core Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) chip and other peripherals such as high-speed serial ports for transmitting data. In drive mode, the closed-loop drive circuit are implemented by automatic gain control (AGC) loop and software phase-locked loop (SPLL) based on the Coordinated Rotation Digital Computer (CORDIC) algorithm. Meanwhile, the sense demodulation module based on varying step least mean square demodulation (LMSD) are addressed in detail. All kinds of algorithms are simulated by Simulink and DSPbuilder tools, which is in good agreement with the theoretical design. The experimental results have fully demonstrated the stability and flexibility of the system.

A Digitalized Silicon Microgyroscope Based on Embedded FPGA

PubMed Central

Xia, Dunzhu; Yu, Cheng; Wang, Yuliang

2012-01-01

This paper presents a novel digital miniaturization method for a prototype silicon micro-gyroscope (SMG) with the symmetrical and decoupled structure. The schematic blocks of the overall system consist of high precision analog front-end interface, high-speed 18-bit analog to digital convertor, a high-performance core Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) chip and other peripherals such as high-speed serial ports for transmitting data. In drive mode, the closed-loop drive circuit are implemented by automatic gain control (AGC) loop and software phase-locked loop (SPLL) based on the Coordinated Rotation Digital Computer (CORDIC) algorithm. Meanwhile, the sense demodulation module based on varying step least mean square demodulation (LMSD) are addressed in detail. All kinds of algorithms are simulated by Simulink and DSPbuilder tools, which is in good agreement with the theoretical design. The experimental results have fully demonstrated the stability and flexibility of the system. PMID:23201990

Direct conversion technology

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Massier, P. F.; Bankston, C. P.; Fabris, G.; Kirol, L. D.

1988-01-01

The overall objective of the Direct Conversion Technology task is to develop an experimentally verified technology base for promising direct thermal-to-electric energy conversion systems that have potential application for energy conservation in the end-use sectors. This report contains progress of research on the Alkali Metal Thermal-to-Electric Converter (AMTEC), and on the Two-Phase Liquid-Metal MHD Electrical Generator (LMMHD) for the period January 1988 through December 1988. Research on these concepts was initiated during October 1987. In addition, status reviews and assessments are presented for thermomagnetic converter concepts and for thermoelastic converters (Nitinol heat engines). Reports prepared on previous occasions contain discussions on the following other direct conversion concepts: thermoelectric, pyroelectric, thermionic thermophotovoltaic and thermoacoustic; and also, more complete discussions of AMTEC and LMMHD systems. A tabulated summary of the various systems which have been reviewed thus far has been prepared. Some of the important technical research needs are listed and a schematic of each system is shown.

Design and optimization of zero-energy-consumption based solar energy residential building systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zheng, D. L.; Yu, L. J.; Tan, H. W.

2017-11-01

Energy consumption of residential buildings has grown fast in recent years, thus raising a challenge on zero energy residential building (ZERB) systems, which aim at substantially reducing energy consumption of residential buildings. Thus, how to facilitate ZERB has become a hot but difficult topic. In the paper, we put forward the overall design principle of ZERB based on analysis of the systems’ energy demand. In particular, the architecture for both schematic design and passive technology is optimized and both energy simulation analysis and energy balancing analysis are implemented, followed by committing the selection of high-efficiency appliance and renewable energy sources for ZERB residential building. In addition, Chinese classical residential building has been investigated in the proposed case, in which several critical aspects such as building optimization, passive design, PV panel and HVAC system integrated with solar water heater, Phase change materials, natural ventilation, etc., have been taken into consideration.

Seismic stratigraphy and deformational styles of the offshore Cyrenaica (Libya) and bordering Mediterranean Ridge

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yem, Lionel Mbida; Camera, Laurent; Mascle, Jean; Ribodetti, Alessandra

2011-04-01

Off northwest Libya the Cyrenaica foreland basin domain and its Pan-African continental crust, which constitute the African promontory, are overthrusted by the Mediterranean Ridge Complex. The thrust belt contact and its seismic stratigraphy have been analysed using pre-stack depth-migrated multichannel seismic (MCS) lines recorded during the MEDISIS survey (2002). The geometry and sedimentary distribution analysis through the wedge-top depocentres allow reconstruction of schematic cross-sections of the tectono-sedimentary wedge that includes two major thrust sequences separated by an apparently poorly deformed transition zone. Based on time-space variation of several piggyback basins, we propose that these thrust sequences relate to distinct phases of shortening. (1) A first event, which probably occurred just prior to the Messinian crisis in latest Miocene (Tortonian times?) and (2) A second event, that has finally led to the present-day overthrusting of the Mediterranean Ridge over the Libyan continental slope.

Further evidence for unconscious learning: preliminary support for the conditioning of facial EMG to subliminal stimuli.

PubMed

Bunce, S C; Bernat, E; Wong, P S; Shevrin, H

1999-01-01

This study investigated the predictive validity of facial electromyograms (EMGs) in a subliminal conditioning paradigm. Two schematic faces (pleasant; CS- and unpleasant; CS+), were presented to eight right-handed males during supraliminal pre- and postconditioning phases. Subliminal conditioning consisted of 36 energy-masked presentations of each face pairing the CS+ with an aversive shock 800 ms poststimulus. A forced-choice recognition task established that the energy mask effectively precluded conscious recognition of stimuli. For the obicularis oculi and corrugator EMGs, significant face x condition interactions were found at 20-100 ms and 400-792 ms poststimulus. The results demonstrate the existence of an expressive motoric response related to affect operating in response to a learned but unconscious event. Subjects were not aware of a contingency between the CS+ and the US, suggesting emotional contingencies can be unconsciously acquired.

Star formation in a hierarchical model for Cloud Complexes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sanchez, N.; Parravano, A.

The effects of the external and initial conditions on the star formation processes in Molecular Cloud Complexes are examined in the context of a schematic model. The model considers a hierarchical system with five predefined phases: warm gas, neutral gas, low density molecular gas, high density molecular gas and protostars. The model follows the mass evolution of each substructure by computing its mass exchange with their parent and children. The parent-child mass exchange depends on the radiation density at the interphase, which is produced by the radiation coming from the stars that form at the end of the hierarchical structure, and by the external radiation field. The system is chaotic in the sense that its temporal evolution is very sensitive to small changes in the initial or external conditions. However, global features such as the star formation efficience and the Initial Mass Function are less affected by those variations.

Visual simulation of fatigue crack growth

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Shuanzhu; Margolin, Harold; Lin, Fengbao

1998-07-01

An attempt has been made to visually simulate fatigue crack propagation from a precrack. An integrated program was developed for this purpose. The crack-tip shape was determined at four load positions in the first load cycle. The final shape was a blunt front with an “ear” profile at the precrack tip. A more general model, schematically illustrating the mechanism of fatigue crack growth and striation formation in a ductile material, was proposed based on this simulation. According to the present model, fatigue crack growth is an intermittent process; cyclic plastic shear strain is the driving force applied to both state I and II crack growth. No fracture mode transition occurs between the two stages in the present study. The crack growth direction alternates, moving up and down successively, producing fatigue striations. A brief examination has been made of the crack growth path in a ductile two-phase material.

Automated Firearms Identification System (AFIDS), phase 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Blackwell, R. J.; Framan, E. P.

1974-01-01

Items critical to the future development of an automated firearms identification system (AFIDS) have been examined, with the following specific results: (1) Types of objective data, that can be utilized to help establish a more factual basis for determining identity and nonidentity between pairs of fired bullets, have been identified. (2) A simulation study has indicated that randomly produced lines, similar in nature to the individual striations on a fired bullet, can be modeled and that random sequences, when compared to each other, have predictable relationships. (3) A schematic diagram of the general concept for AFIDS has been developed and individual elements of this system have been briefly tested for feasibility. Future implementation of such a proposed system will depend on such factors as speed, utility, projected total cost and user requirements for growth. The success of the proposed system, when operational, would depend heavily on existing firearms examiners.

Assessing the performance of regional landslide early warning models: the EDuMaP method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Calvello, M.; Piciullo, L.

2016-01-01

A schematic of the components of regional early warning systems for rainfall-induced landslides is herein proposed, based on a clear distinction between warning models and warning systems. According to this framework an early warning system comprises a warning model as well as a monitoring and warning strategy, a communication strategy and an emergency plan. The paper proposes the evaluation of regional landslide warning models by means of an original approach, called the "event, duration matrix, performance" (EDuMaP) method, comprising three successive steps: identification and analysis of the events, i.e., landslide events and warning events derived from available landslides and warnings databases; definition and computation of a duration matrix, whose elements report the time associated with the occurrence of landslide events in relation to the occurrence of warning events, in their respective classes; evaluation of the early warning model performance by means of performance criteria and indicators applied to the duration matrix. During the first step the analyst identifies and classifies the landslide and warning events, according to their spatial and temporal characteristics, by means of a number of model parameters. In the second step, the analyst computes a time-based duration matrix with a number of rows and columns equal to the number of classes defined for the warning and landslide events, respectively. In the third step, the analyst computes a series of model performance indicators derived from a set of performance criteria, which need to be defined by considering, once again, the features of the warning model. The applicability, potentialities and limitations of the EDuMaP method are tested and discussed using real landslides and warning data from the municipal early warning system operating in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).

Learning Mediated by an Educational Hypermedia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fagundes, Adriano Luiz; da Silva, Tatiana; Barroso, Marta Feijó

2015-12-01

The phases of the Moon is a learning subject composed of smaller units here elaborated by adopting the theory of cognitive load, including aspects related to visualization in science education and taking into account learning difficulties documented in the research literature on science/astronomy teaching as theoretical guiding. The complete research process involved 77 students attending an undergraduate physics course and included data collection instruments to investigate technical aspects of the material, quality of contents and learning. This work focused on learning mediated by a hypermedia digital resource. The instruments used at this stage were pre-testing and learning evaluation allowing a qualitative and quantitative assessment. The questions pointed to the knowledge of the Moon as a body without its own light, to representations of schematic diagrams with sequences of lunar phases and the possibility of observing the Sun and the Moon according to the time of the day, an explanation and a representation of the dynamics of synchronous rotation motion of the Moon. The result provided an overall average increase of 33% in learning. We point out the features of the material that may have contributed to a highest quality as a learning tool.

Roles of antinucleon degrees of freedom in the relativistic random phase approximation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kurasawa, Haruki; Suzuki, Toshio

2015-11-01

The roles of antinucleon degrees of freedom in the relativistic random phase approximation (RPA) are investigated. The energy-weighted sum of the RPA transition strengths is expressed in terms of the double commutator between the excitation operator and the Hamiltonian, as in nonrelativistic models. The commutator, however, should not be calculated in the usual way in the local field theory, because, otherwise, the sum vanishes. The sum value obtained correctly from the commutator is infinite, owing to the Dirac sea. Most of the previous calculations take into account only some of the nucleon-antinucleon states, in order to avoid divergence problems. As a result, RPA states with negative excitation energy appear, which make the sum value vanish. Moreover, disregarding the divergence changes the sign of nuclear interactions in the RPA equation that describes the coupling of the nucleon particle-hole states with the nucleon-antinucleon states. Indeed, the excitation energies of the spurious state and giant monopole states in the no-sea approximation are dominated by these unphysical changes. The baryon current conservation can be described without touching the divergence problems. A schematic model with separable interactions is presented, which makes the structure of the relativistic RPA transparent.

Proliferation resistance assessments during the design phase of a recycling facility as a means of reducing proliferation risks

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lindell, M.A.; Grape, S.; Haekansson, A.

The sustainability criterion for Gen IV nuclear energy systems inherently presumes the availability of efficient fuel recycling capabilities. One area for research on advanced fuel recycling concerns safeguards aspects of this type of facilities. Since a recycling facility may be considered as sensitive from a non-proliferation perspective, it is important to address these issues early in the design process, according to the principle of Safeguards By Design. Presented in this paper is a mode of procedure, where assessments of the proliferation resistance (PR) of a recycling facility for fast reactor fuel have been performed so as to identify the weakestmore » barriers to proliferation of nuclear material. Two supplementing established methodologies have been applied; TOPS (Technological Opportunities to increase Proliferation resistance of nuclear power Systems) and PR-PP (Proliferation Resistance and Physical Protection evaluation methodology). The chosen fuel recycling facility belongs to a small Gen IV lead-cooled fast reactor system that is under study in Sweden. A schematic design of the recycling facility, where actinides are separated using solvent extraction, has been examined. The PR assessment methodologies make it possible to pinpoint areas in which the facility can be improved in order to reduce the risk of diversion. The initial facility design may then be slightly modified and/or safeguards measures may be introduced to reduce the total identified proliferation risk. After each modification of design and/or safeguards implementation, a new PR assessment of the revised system can then be carried out. This way, each modification can be evaluated and new ways to further enhance the proliferation resistance can be identified. This type of iterative procedure may support Safeguards By Design in the planning of new recycling plants and other nuclear facilities. (authors)« less

Matter-wave teleportation via cavity-field trans-pads

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ul-Islam, Rameez; Awais Haider, Syed; Abbas, Tasawar; Ikram, Manzoor

2016-10-01

We propose experimentally feasible schematics to teleport one of the major attributes of matter—i.e. atomic motion in the momentum space—with the assistance of Bragg regime atom-cavity field interactions. In this context, the procedure for teleportation of a superposition of the external momentum of a neutral atom along with its atomic momentum Bell state is described in detail. The protocol is then generalized to cover the teleportation of any high-dimensional entangled state. Such schematics based on a hybrid system—i.e. atoms and photons—may solve a long standing problem by efficiently closing both the detection as well as locality loopholes simultaneously for Bell’s inequality testing, an option not available with either photons or atoms alone.

Trajectory Design for the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dichmann, Donald J.; Parker, Joel J. K.; Williams, Trevor W.; Mendelsohn, Chad R.

2014-01-01

The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) mission, scheduled to be launched in 2017. TESS will travel in a highly eccentric orbit around Earth, with initial perigee radius near 17 Earth radii (Re) and apogee radius near 59 Re. The orbit period is near 2:1 resonance with the Moon, with apogee nearly 90 degrees out-of-phase with the Moon, in a configuration that has been shown to be operationally stable. TESS will execute phasing loops followed by a lunar flyby, with a final maneuver to achieve 2:1 resonance with the Moon. The goals of a resonant orbit with long-term stability, short eclipses and limited oscillations of perigee present significant challenges to the trajectory design. To rapidly assess launch opportunities, we adapted the Schematics Window Methodology (SWM76) launch window analysis tool to assess the TESS mission constraints. To understand the long-term dynamics of such a resonant orbit in the Earth-Moon system we employed Dynamical Systems Theory in the Circular Restricted 3-Body Problem (CR3BP). For precise trajectory analysis we use a high-fidelity model and multiple shooting in the General Mission Analysis Tool (GMAT) to optimize the maneuver delta-V and meet mission constraints. Finally we describe how the techniques we have developed can be applied to missions with similar requirements. Keywords: resonant orbit, stability, lunar flyby, phasing loops, trajectory optimization

Lyotropic liquid crystal behaviour of azelate and succinate monoester surfactants based on fragrance alcohols.

PubMed

Marchal, Frédéric; Nardello-Rataj, Véronique; Chailloux, Nelly; Aubry, Jean-Marie; Tiddy, Gordon J T

2008-05-01

Azelaic acid was used as a starting material for the preparation of new monoester surfactants based on fragrance alcohols. Sodium monocitronellyl azelate (citroC(9)Na) and sodium monomenthyl azelate (menC(9)Na) were synthesized and their aqueous phase behaviour was studied. For comparison, monoesters derived from succinic anhydride, i.e. sodium monocitronellyl succinate (citroC(4)Na) and sodium monomenthyl succinate (menC(4)Na), were also prepared as well as sodium monodecyl succinate (C(10)C(4)Na) and sodium monodecyl azelate (C(10)C(9)Na) in order to study the effect of the position of the ester function inside the hydrophobic tail and of branching and unsaturation respectively. Liquid crystal structures were examined by optical polarising microscopy and schematic partial binary phase diagrams (surfactant+water, 0-100 wt%, 10-90 degrees C) of the surfactants were established. Succinate surfactants behave as longer alkyl chain surfactants than their azelate counterparts, meaning that these last ones probably adopt a more folded conformation, with the ester function more frequently present at the micelle surface. This conformation would result in a rougher micelle surface, making it slightly less easy for micelles to pack in liquid crystalline phases. It was also shown that the tendency to adopt a more folded conformation and to form smaller micelles is ranked in this order: monomenthyl>monocitronellyl>monodecyl.

Inventory Control.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Byrum, David L., Ed.

1984-01-01

Describes an electronic thermometer using a precision temperature sensor (includes detailed schematic of circuits) and inexpensive ring holders for round-bottomed flasks. Also describes a method for reducing funnel breakage. (JN)

The radiation-induced fibroatrophic process: therapeutic perspective via the antioxidant pathway.

PubMed

Delanian, Sylvie; Lefaix, Jean-Louis

2004-11-01

The radiation-induced fibroatrophic process (RIF) constitutes a late, local and unavoidable sequela to high-dose radiotherapy, traditionally considered irreversible. Today, this process is partly reversible, thanks to recent progress in understanding the physiopathology of the lesions it causes and the results of recent clinical trials using antioxidant therapy. This review includes a synthetic description of the static and dynamic features of the RIF process, as reflected by its clinical, instrumental and histopathological characteristics, and by its cellular and molecular regulation. Schematically, three successive clinical and histopathological phases can be distinguished: a pre-fibrotic aspecific inflammatory phase, a constitutive fibrotic cellular phase, and a matrix densification and remodelling phase, possibly ending in terminal tissular necrosis. The respective roles of the chief actors in the RIF process are defined, as well as their development with time. A fibroblastic stromal hypothesis is suggested revolving around a 'gravitational effect' exerted by the couple ROS (reactive oxygen species)--fibroblasts, and partly mediated by TGF-beta1. A variety of strategies have been tested for the management of RIF. In the light of the mechanisms described, a curative procedure has been proposed via the antioxidant pathway. In particular, it was showed that superoxide dismutase and combined pentoxifylline-tocopherol treatment enables the process of established radiation-induced fibroatrophy to be greatly reduced or even reversed, both in clinical practice and animal experiments. The efficacy of combined pentoxifylline-tocopherol treatment in superficial RIF was confirmed in a randomised clinical trial, and then in successful phase II trials especially in uterine fibroatrophy and osteoradionecrosis. It is of critical importance to evaluate these new management approaches in larger clinical trials and to improve the recording of results for better outcome analysis. Mechanistic studies are always necessary to improve understanding of the RIF process and the antifibrotic drug action.

35-45 Giga Hertz Transceiver System for Phase and Magnitude Detection

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Beni, Aman Aflaki

2007-01-01

Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) is the science and practice of examining an object in a way that the object's usefulness is not adversely affected. Different types of NDE methods exist but this thesis is based on microwave and millimeter wave NDE using imaging techniques. Microwave NDE is based on illuminating the object under test with a microwave signal and studying the various properties of the reflected signal from the object. This reflected signal contains some information about the inner structure of the object under test. This information may be contained in several parameters including the phase and magnitude of the reflected signal. The goal of this project is to design and build a Q-band coherent transceiver that is capable of measuring the reflected signal's phase and magnitude so that an image of the object under test may be reconstructed. From the several techniques that can be used to construct an image of the object under test, techniques of interest to this work include synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) and microwave holography. The transceiver system should have the ability to sweep a large portion of Q-band frequency range in small frequency steps as quick as possible while the detected phase and magnitude of the reflected signal is very accurate. Several different designs were studied and the final schematic diagram of the transceiver system was determined. One of the most important modules that was designed, implemented and tested in the laboratory was an accurate phase/magnitude detector circuit. The compared results of the scans using the transceiver system and vector network analyzer (VNA) showed that this transceiver system has a great potential to replace a VNA for the purpose of microwave and millimeter wave imaging.

Early Intervention Services for Early-Phase Psychosis - Centre for integrative psychiatry in Psychiatric Hospital "Sveti Ivan", Croatia.

PubMed

Matić, Katarina; Gereš, Natko; Gerlach, Josefina; Prskalo-Čule, Diana; Zadravec Vrbanc, Tihana; Lovretić, Vanja; Librenjak, Dina; Vuk Pisk, Sandra; Ivezić, Ena; Šimunović Filipčić, Ivona; Jeleč, Vjekoslav; Filipčić, Igor

2018-06-01

There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that early and effective management in the critical early years of schizophrenia can improve long-term outcomes. The objective of this study was to evaluate time to relapse of the patients with early-phase psychosis treated in the Centre for integrative psychiatry (CIP). We performed a retrospective cohort study on the sample of 373 early-phase psychosis patients admitted to Psychiatric Hospital "Sveti Ivan", Zagreb Croatia: from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017. The primary outcome was time to relapse. Patients who were admitted to group psychotherapeutic program after the end of acute treatment had 70% lower hazard for relapse (HR=0.30; 95% CI 0.16-0.58). Patients who were included first in the psychotherapeutic program and then treated and controlled in the daily hospital had 74% lower hazard for relapse (HR=0.26; 95% CI 0.10-0.67). In early-phase psychosis, integrative early intervention service has relevant beneficial effects compare to treatment as usual. These results justified the implementation of multimodal early intervention services in treatment of patients with early-phase psychosis.

New photoacoustic platform for early detection of circulating clots to prevent stroke and other fatal thromboembolic complications (Conference Presentation)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carey, Kai A.

2017-03-01

Nearly 800,000 people in the U.S. experience an incident of stroke each year; 80% of these are first time occurrences and 87% are ischemic in nature. Someone dies of a stroke every few minutes in the U.S. but despite its prevalence there have been minimal advances in the early detection and screening of thromboembolic events, especially during patient post-operative periods or in genetically predisposed individuals. Environmental or genetic factors may disrupt the balance between coagulation and lysis of micro-thrombi in circulation and increase the risk of stroke. We introduced here a novel in vivo multicolor negative-contrast photoacoustic (PA) flow cytometry (PAFC ) platform with many innovations including customized high pulse repetition rate 1064 laser from IPG Photonics Corporation, powerful laser diode array, multichannel optical schematic, and time-resolved recording system. Using animal models, we verified the potential of this technology to detect small clots in relatively large vessels in vivo. If future clinical trials using a cost-effective, easy-to-use, safe, watch-like, wearable PA probe are successful, PAFC could provide breakthroughs in early monitoring of the growth in size and number of small clots that may predict and potentially prevent fatal thromboembolic complications. We also believe that this technology could be utilized to assess therapeutic benefits of anticoagulants and develop more efficient dosage in treatments by analyzing changes in the composition and frequency of micro-thrombi

All God's Chillun Got a Mama and a Papa?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hollander, Willard F.

1972-01-01

Describes alternate methods of schematically representing genetic lines of descent, and illustrates the different patterns obtained with random mating, line breeding, parthanogentic males, cloning, and grafting. (AL)

Intelligent Software for System Design and Documentation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

In an effort to develop a real-time, on-line database system that tracks documentation changes in NASA's propulsion test facilities, engineers at Stennis Space Center teamed with ECT International of Brookfield, WI, through the NASA Dual-Use Development Program to create the External Data Program and Hyperlink Add-on Modules for the promis*e software. Promis*e is ECT's top-of-the-line intelligent software for control system design and documentation. With promis*e the user can make use of the automated design process to quickly generate control system schematics, panel layouts, bills of material, wire lists, terminal plans and more. NASA and its testing contractors currently use promis*e to create the drawings and schematics at the E2 Cell 2 test stand located at Stennis Space Center.

Control of Technology Transfer at JPL

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Oliver, Ronald

2006-01-01

Controlled Technology: 1) Design: preliminary or critical design data, schematics, technical flow charts, SNV code/diagnostics, logic flow diagrams, wirelist, ICDs, detailed specifications or requirements. 2) Development: constraints, computations, configurations, technical analyses, acceptance criteria, anomaly resolution, detailed test plans, detailed technical proposals. 3) Production: process or how-to: assemble, operated, repair, maintain, modify. 4) Manufacturing: technical instructions, specific parts, specific materials, specific qualities, specific processes, specific flow. 5) Operations: how-to operate, contingency or standard operating plans, Ops handbooks. 6) Repair: repair instructions, troubleshooting schemes, detailed schematics. 7) Test: specific procedures, data, analysis, detailed test plan and retest plans, detailed anomaly resolutions, detailed failure causes and corrective actions, troubleshooting, trended test data, flight readiness data. 8) Maintenance: maintenance schedules and plans, methods for regular upkeep, overhaul instructions. 9) Modification: modification instructions, upgrades kit parts, including software

The autistic child's appraisal of expressions of emotion: a further study.

PubMed

Hobson, R P

1986-09-01

Autistic and matched non-autistic retarded children were selected for their ability to recognize the correspondence between schematic drawings and videotaped scenes involving people. The subjects of both groups were able to choose schematic drawings of gestures for a person's gestures of emotion enacted on videotape. However, the autistic children were significantly impaired in choosing which of the drawings of gestures should 'go with' videotaped vocalizations and facial expressions characteristic of four emotional states. The results were found to be consistent with results from a previous, related study in which the same subjects had chosen drawn or photographed faces to indicate their judgements of the same videotapes of emotional expression. It is suggested that these findings reflect an important aspect of autistic children's social disability.

Regional anatomy of the pedunculopontine nucleus: relevance for deep brain stimulation.

PubMed

Fournier-Gosselin, Marie-Pierre; Lipsman, Nir; Saint-Cyr, Jean A; Hamani, Clement; Lozano, Andres M

2013-09-01

The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is currently being investigated as a potential deep brain stimulation target to improve gait and posture in Parkinson's disease. This review examines the complex anatomy of the PPN region and suggests a functional mapping of the surrounding nuclei and fiber tracts that may serve as a guide to a more accurate placement of electrodes while avoiding potentially adverse effects. The relationships of the PPN were examined in different human brain atlases. Schematic representations of those structures in the vicinity of the PPN were generated and correlated with their potential stimulation effects. By providing a functional map and representative schematics of the PPN region, we hope to optimize the placement of deep brain stimulation electrodes, thereby maximizing safety and clinical efficacy. © 2013 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

Development of standardized air-blown coal gasifier/gas turbine concepts for future electric power systems, Volume 4

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1991-02-01

This appendix is a compilation of work done to predict overall cycle performance from gasifier to generator terminals. A spreadsheet has been generated for each case to show flows within a cycle. The spreadsheet shows gaseous or solid composition of flow, temperature of flow, quantity of flow, and heat heat content of flow. Prediction of steam and gas turbine performance was obtained by the computer program GTPro. Outputs of all runs for each combined cycle reviewed has been added to this appendix. A process schematic displaying all flows predicted through GTPro and the spreadsheet is also added to this appendix.more » The numbered bubbles on the schematic correspond to columns on the top headings of the spreadsheet.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lee, Kyongwoon

Microstructural characteristics of the CGHAZ (coarse grained heat affected zone) made of the 2.25Cr-1Mo-V-Ti material for the thermal power plant boiler tube were discussed using the technique of tint etching. To conduct the micro structural characterization, the sample on which CGHAZ was produced by using a high temperature thermal cycle simulator, Gleeble 3500 equipment was used for comparative analyses using the existing Nital etching (ASTM E407-74) and the alkaline etching (ASTM E40785). The latter was used to observe a specific phase. For the microstructure on which the alkaline etching was experimented, the shape of a black strip (Ghost microstructure) inmore » a few microns was observed, which was not observed from the Nital etching. It was found from the phase identifications based EPMA, EBSD and TEM experiments that the image of the black strip in a few microns represented the alpha phase in which C, Cr and Mo became segregated. In addition, it was verified that austenite and M{sub 23}C{sub 6} phase were present around the segregated zone. Based on such results, the mechanism by which the image of the black strip in a few microns was formed at the CGHAZ. In this study, we have investigated the mechanism of the appeared black strip in the CGHAZ. - Highlights: •Ghost microstructure was observed which was not observed from the nital etching. •Ghost microstructure has high concentrations of carbon and molybdenum than matrix. •Schematic illustration proposed of why Ghost microstructure was generated. •Ghost microstructure caused by partial dissolution of M{sub 23}C{sub 6} precipitation.« less

Visualization of Buried Marte Vallis Channels

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-03-07

This illustration schematically shows where the Shallow Radar instrument on NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter detected flood channels that had been buried by lava flows in the Elysium Planitia region of Mars.

46 CFR 62.20-1 - Plans for approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... console, panel, and enclosure layouts. (3) Schematic or logic diagrams including functional relationships... features. (6) A description of built-in test features and diagnostics. (7) Design Verification and Periodic...

46 CFR 62.20-1 - Plans for approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... console, panel, and enclosure layouts. (3) Schematic or logic diagrams including functional relationships... features. (6) A description of built-in test features and diagnostics. (7) Design Verification and Periodic...

46 CFR 62.20-1 - Plans for approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... console, panel, and enclosure layouts. (3) Schematic or logic diagrams including functional relationships... features. (6) A description of built-in test features and diagnostics. (7) Design Verification and Periodic...

46 CFR 62.20-1 - Plans for approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... console, panel, and enclosure layouts. (3) Schematic or logic diagrams including functional relationships... features. (6) A description of built-in test features and diagnostics. (7) Design Verification and Periodic...

46 CFR 62.20-1 - Plans for approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... console, panel, and enclosure layouts. (3) Schematic or logic diagrams including functional relationships... programmable features. (6) A description of built-in test features and diagnostics. (7) Design Verification and...

Early-Phase 11C-PiB PET in Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Symptomatic Cerebral Hemorrhage: Potential Diagnostic Value?

PubMed Central

Aigbirhio, Franklin I.; Fryer, Tim D.; Menon, David K.; Warburton, Elizabeth A.; Baron, Jean-Claude

2015-01-01

Although late-phase (>35min post-administration) 11C-PiB-PET has good sensitivity in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), its specificity is poor due to frequently high uptake in healthy aged subjects. By detecting perfusion-like abnormalities, early-phase 11C-PiB-PET might add diagnostic value. Early-frame (1–6min) 11C-PiB-PET was obtained in 11 non-demented patients with probable CAA-related symptomatic lobar intracerebral haemorrhage (70±7yrs), 9 age-matched healthy controls (HCs) and 10 HCs <55yrs. There was a significant decrease in early-phase atrophy-corrected whole-cortex SUV relative to cerebellar vermis (SUVR) in the CAA vs age-matched HC group. None of the age-matched controls fell below the lower 95% confidence limit derived from the young HCs, while 6/11 CAA patients did (sensitivity = 55%, specificity = 100%). Combining both early- and late-phase 11C-PiB data did not change the sensitivity and specificity of late-phase PiB, but combined early- and late-phase positivity entails a very high suspicion of underlying Aβ-related clinical disorder, i.e., CAA or Alzheimer disease (AD). In order to clarify this ambiguity, we then show that the occipital/posterior cingulate ratio is markedly lower in CAA than in AD (N = 7). These pilot data suggest that early-phase 11C-PiB-PET may not only add to late-phase PiB-PET with respect to the unclear situation of late-phase positivity, but also help differentiate CAA from AD. PMID:26439113

Evaluation of Precast Portland Cement Concrete Panels for Airfield Pavement Repairs

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-05-01

3 1.3 Research approach ...Figure 1.1. Research approach schematic. ................................................................................................ 4 Figure 2.1...220 Figure D.10. Locations of HWD tests pre-repair and posttest

The Altitude Laboratory for the Test of Aircraft Engines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dickinson, H C; Boutell, H G

1920-01-01

Report presents descriptions, schematics, and photographs of the altitude laboratory for the testing of aircraft engines constructed at the Bureau of Standards for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics.

Premenstrual symptoms are associated with psychological and physical symptoms in early pregnancy.

PubMed

Winkel, Susanne; Einsle, Franziska; Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich; Martini, Julia

2013-04-01

The reproductive life of women is characterised by a number of distinct reproductive events and phases (e.g. premenstrual phase, peripartum, perimenopause). The hormonal transitions during these phases are often associated with both psychological and physical symptoms. Associations between these reproductive phases have been shown by numerous studies. However, the relationship between symptoms during the premenstrual phase and during early pregnancy has received little attention thus far, although early pregnancy is a time of dramatic hormonal as well as physical adaptation. Findings are based on a prospective longitudinal study with N = 306 pregnant women (MARI study). Three hundred five women that had menstrual bleeding in the year before pregnancy rated the severity of psychological and physical symptoms during premenstrual phases in the year preceding pregnancy. Besides this, they rated the severity of the same symptoms during early pregnancy (weeks 10 to 12 of gestation). The overall severity of premenstrual symptoms was significantly associated with the overall severity of early pregnancy symptoms (b = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.3-0.5; p < 0.001). The overall severity of early pregnancy symptoms was best predicted by the severity of premenstrual irritability. The best predictor for a particular symptom in early pregnancy mostly was the corresponding premenstrual symptom. The associations between premenstrual and early pregnancy symptoms support the reproductive hormone sensitivity hypothesis that some women are prone to repeatedly experience specific psychological and physical symptoms during different reproductive phases. The findings further imply that the nature of symptoms might be rather consistent between different reproductive phases.

ERP correlates of attentional processing in spider fear: evidence of threat-specific hypervigilance.

PubMed

Venetacci, Rebecca; Johnstone, Amber; Kirkby, Kenneth C; Matthews, Allison

2018-05-01

Attentional bias towards threat can be demonstrated by enhanced processing of threat-related targets and/or greater interference when threat-related distractors are present. These effects are argued to reflect processing within the orienting and executive control networks of the brain respectively. This study investigated behavioural (RT) and electrophysiological correlates of early selective attention and top-down attentional control among females with high (n = 16) or low (n = 16) spider fear (Mean age = 22 years). Participants completed a novel flanker go/nogo task in which a central schematic flower or spider stimulus was flanked by either congruent or incongruent distractors. Participants responded to green stimuli (go trials) and withheld response to yellow stimuli (nogo trials). High fear participants demonstrated significantly shorter reaction times and greater P1 amplitude to spider targets, suggesting specific hypervigilance towards threat-relevant stimuli. In contrast to predictions, there was little evidence for behavioural interference effects or differences in N2 amplitude when distractor stimuli were threat-relevant.

78 FR 39736 - Draft Guidance for Industry: Considerations for the Design of Early-Phase Clinical Trials of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-02

..., choosing a study population, using a control group and blinding, dose selection, treatment plans...] Draft Guidance for Industry: Considerations for the Design of Early-Phase Clinical Trials of Cellular... document entitled ``Guidance for Industry: Considerations for the Design of Early-Phase Clinical Trials of...

Schematic representations of local environmental space guide goal-directed navigation

PubMed Central

Marchette, Steven A.; Ryan, Jack; Epstein, Russell A.

2016-01-01

To successfully navigate to a target, it is useful to be able to define its location at multiple levels of specificity. For example, the location of a favorite coffee mug can be described in terms of which room it is in, or in terms of where it is within the room. An appealing hypothesis is that these levels of description are retrieved from memory by accessing the same representation at progressively finer levels of granularity—first remembering the general location of an object and then “zooming in.” Here we provide evidence for an alternative view, in which navigational behavior is guided by independent representations at multiple spatial scales. Subjects learned the locations of objects that were positioned within four visually distinct but geometrically similar buildings, which were in turn positioned within a broader virtual park. They were then tested on their knowledge of object location by asking them to navigate to the remembered location of each object. We examined errors during the test phase for confusions among geometrically analogous locations in different buildings—that is, navigating to the right location in the wrong building. We observed that subjects frequently made these confusions, which are analogous to remembering a passage’s location on the page of a book but not remembering the page that the passage is on. This suggests that subjects were recalling the object’s local location without recalling its global location. Further manipulations across seven experiments indicated that geometric confusions were observed even between buildings that were not metrically identical as long as geometrical equivalence could be defined. However, removing the walls so that the larger environment was no longer divided into subspaces abolished these errors. Taken together, our results suggest that human spatial memory contains two separable representations of “where” an object can be found: (i) a schematic map of where an object lies with respect to local landmarks and boundaries; (ii) a representation of the identity and location of each local environment. PMID:27814459

Environmental Control Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rosenbush, F. M.

1982-01-01

Materials illustrating a presentation on environment control systems for electric flight systems are presented. Schematics and flow diagrams of fresh air source and air conditioning systems, and vapor cycle and air cycle parts lists are presented.

Continuous Liquid-Sample Introduction for Bunsen Burner Atomic Emission Spectrometry.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Gregory D.; And Others

1995-01-01

Describes a laboratory-constructed atomic emission spectrometer with modular instrumentation components and a simple Bunsen burner atomizer with continuous sample introduction. A schematic diagram and sample data are provided. (DDR)

30 CFR 250.292 - What must the DWOP contain?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... description and schematic of the typical wellbore, casing, and completion; (b) Structural design, fabrication... systems that constitute all or part of a single project development covered by the DWOP; (j) Flow...

Schematic drawings of facial expressions for emotion recognition and interpretation by preschool-aged children.

PubMed

MacDonald, P M; Kirkpatrick, S W; Sullivan, L A

1996-11-01

Schematic drawings of facial expressions were evaluated as a possible assessment tool for research on emotion recognition and interpretation involving young children. A subset of Ekman and Friesen's (1976) Pictures of Facial Affect was used as the standard for comparison. Preschool children (N = 138) were shown drawing and photographs in two context conditions for six emotions (anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise). The overall correlation between accuracy for the photographs and drawings was .677. A significant difference was found for the stimulus condition (photographs vs. drawings) but not for the administration condition (label-based vs. context-based). Children were significantly more accurate in interpreting drawings than photographs and tended to be more accurate in identifying facial expressions in the label-based administration condition for both photographs and drawings than in the context-based administration condition.

Schematic diagram of light path in Wide Field Planetary Camera 2

NASA Image and Video Library

1993-03-15

S93-33258 (15 Mar 1993) --- An optical schematic diagram of one of the four channels of the Wide Field\\Planetary Camera-2 (WF\\PC-2) shows the path taken by beams from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) before an image is formed at the camera's charge-coupled devices. A team of NASA astronauts will pay a visit to the HST later this year, carrying with them the new WF/PC-2 to replace the one currently on the HST. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California has been working on the replacement system for several months. See NASA photo S93-33257 for a close-up view of tiny articulating mirrors designed to realign incoming light in order to make certain the beams fall precisely in the middle of the secondary mirrors.

The Importance of Being Interpreted: Grounded Words and Children’s Relational Reasoning

PubMed Central

Son, Ji Y.; Smith, Linda B.; Goldstone, Robert L.; Leslie, Michelle

2012-01-01

Although young children typically have trouble reasoning relationally, they are aided by the presence of “relational” words (e.g., Gentner and Rattermann, 1991). They also reason well about commonly experienced event structures (e.g., Fivush, 1984). To explore what makes a word “relational” and therefore helpful in relational reasoning, we hypothesized that these words activate well-understood event structures. Furthermore, the activated schema must be open enough (without too much specificity) that it can be applied analogically to novel problems. Four experiments examine this hypothesis by exploring: how training with a label influence the schematic interpretation of a scene, what kinds of scenes are conducive to schematic interpretation, and whether children must figure out the interpretation themselves to benefit from the act of interpreting a scene as an event. Experiment 1 shows the superiority of schema-evoking words over words that do not connect to schematized experiences. Experiments 2 and 3 further reveal that these words must be applied to perceptual instances that require cognitive effort to connect to a label rather than unrelated or concretely related instances in order to draw attention to relational structure. Experiment 4 provides evidence that even when children do not work out an interpretation for themselves, just the act of interpreting an ambiguous scene is potent for relational generalization. The present results suggest that relational words (and in particular their meanings) are created from the act of interpreting a perceptual situation in the context of a word. PMID:22408628

Synthetic Biology: A Unifying View and Review Using Analog Circuits.

PubMed

Teo, Jonathan J Y; Woo, Sung Sik; Sarpeshkar, Rahul

2015-08-01

We review the field of synthetic biology from an analog circuits and analog computation perspective, focusing on circuits that have been built in living cells. This perspective is well suited to pictorially, symbolically, and quantitatively representing the nonlinear, dynamic, and stochastic (noisy) ordinary and partial differential equations that rigorously describe the molecular circuits of synthetic biology. This perspective enables us to construct a canonical analog circuit schematic that helps unify and review the operation of many fundamental circuits that have been built in synthetic biology at the DNA, RNA, protein, and small-molecule levels over nearly two decades. We review 17 circuits in the literature as particular examples of feedforward and feedback analog circuits that arise from special topological cases of the canonical analog circuit schematic. Digital circuit operation of these circuits represents a special case of saturated analog circuit behavior and is automatically incorporated as well. Many issues that have prevented synthetic biology from scaling are naturally represented in analog circuit schematics. Furthermore, the deep similarity between the Boltzmann thermodynamic equations that describe noisy electronic current flow in subthreshold transistors and noisy molecular flux in biochemical reactions has helped map analog circuit motifs in electronics to analog circuit motifs in cells and vice versa via a `cytomorphic' approach. Thus, a body of knowledge in analog electronic circuit design, analysis, simulation, and implementation may also be useful in the robust and efficient design of molecular circuits in synthetic biology, helping it to scale to more complex circuits in the future.

The missing link? Testing a schema account of unitization.

PubMed

Tibon, Roni; Greve, Andrea; Henson, Richard

2018-05-09

Unitization refers to the creation of a new unit from previously distinct items. The concept of unitization has been used to explain how novel pairings between items can be remembered without requiring recollection, by virtue of new, item-like representations that enable familiarity-based retrieval. We tested an alternative account of unitization - a schema account - which suggests that associations between items can be rapidly assimilated into a schema. We used a common operationalization of "unitization" as the difference between two unrelated words being linked by a definition, relative to two words being linked by a sentence, during an initial study phase. During the following relearning phase, a studied word was re-paired with a new word, either related or unrelated to the original associate from study. In a final test phase, memory for the relearned associations was tested. We hypothesized that, if unitized representations act like schemas, then we would observe some generalization to related words, such that memory would be better in the definition than sentence condition for related words, but not for unrelated words. Contrary to the schema hypothesis, evidence favored the null hypothesis of no difference between definition and sentence conditions for related words (Experiment 1), even when each cue was associated with multiple associates, indicating that the associations can be generalized (Experiment 2), or when the schematic information was explicitly re-activated during Relearning (Experiment 3). These results suggest that unitized associations do not generalize to accommodate new information, and therefore provide evidence against the schema account.

Multipath noise reduction spread spectrum signals

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meehan, Thomas K. (Inventor)

1994-01-01

The concepts of early-prompt delay tracking, multipath correction of early-prompt delay tracking from correlation shape, and carrier phase multipath correction are addressed. In early-prompt delay tracking, since multipath is always delayed with respect to the direct signals, the system derives phase and pseudorange observables from earlier correlation lags. In multipath correction of early-prompt delay tracking from correlation shape, the system looks for relative variations of amplitude across the code correlation function that do not match the predicted multipath-free code cross-correlation shape. The system then uses deviations from the multipath-free shape to infer the magnitude of multipath, and to generate corrections pseudorange observables. In carrier phase multipath correction, the system looks for variations of phase among plural early and prompt lags. The system uses the measured phase variations, along with the general principle that the multipath errors are larger for later lags, to infer the presence of multipath, and to generate corrections for carrier-phase observables.

The formation of quantum images and their transformation and super-resolution reading

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Balakin, D. A.; Belinsky, A. V.

2016-05-01

Images formed by light with suppressed photon fluctuations are interesting objects for studies with the aim of increasing their limiting information capacity and quality. This light in the sub-Poisson state can be prepared in a resonator filled with a medium with Kerr nonlinearity, in which self-phase modulation takes place. Spatially and temporally multimode light beams are studied and the production of spatial frequency spectra of suppressed photon fluctuations is described. The efficient operation regimes of the system are found. A particular schematic solution is described, which allows one to realize the potential possibilities laid in the formation of the squeezed states of light to a maximum degree during self-phase modulation in a resonator for the maximal suppression of amplitude quantum noises upon two-dimensional imaging. The efficiency of using light with suppressed quantum fluctuations for computer image processing is studied. An algorithm is described for interpreting measurements for increasing the resolution with respect to the geometrical resolution. A mathematical model that characterizes the measurement scheme is constructed and the problem of the image reconstruction is solved. The algorithm for the interpretation of images is verified. Conditions are found for the efficient application of sub-Poisson light for super-resolution imaging. It is found that the image should have a low contrast and be maximally transparent.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Balakin, D. A.; Belinsky, A. V., E-mail: belinsky@inbox.ru

Images formed by light with suppressed photon fluctuations are interesting objects for studies with the aim of increasing their limiting information capacity and quality. This light in the sub-Poisson state can be prepared in a resonator filled with a medium with Kerr nonlinearity, in which self-phase modulation takes place. Spatially and temporally multimode light beams are studied and the production of spatial frequency spectra of suppressed photon fluctuations is described. The efficient operation regimes of the system are found. A particular schematic solution is described, which allows one to realize the potential possibilities laid in the formation of the squeezedmore » states of light to a maximum degree during self-phase modulation in a resonator for the maximal suppression of amplitude quantum noises upon two-dimensional imaging. The efficiency of using light with suppressed quantum fluctuations for computer image processing is studied. An algorithm is described for interpreting measurements for increasing the resolution with respect to the geometrical resolution. A mathematical model that characterizes the measurement scheme is constructed and the problem of the image reconstruction is solved. The algorithm for the interpretation of images is verified. Conditions are found for the efficient application of sub-Poisson light for super-resolution imaging. It is found that the image should have a low contrast and be maximally transparent.« less

Resting Heart Rate Predicts Depression and Cognition Early after Ischemic Stroke: A Pilot Study.

PubMed

Tessier, Arnaud; Sibon, Igor; Poli, Mathilde; Audiffren, Michel; Allard, Michèle; Pfeuty, Micha

2017-10-01

Early detection of poststroke depression (PSD) and cognitive impairment (PSCI) remains challenging. It is well documented that the function of autonomic nervous system is associated with depression and cognition. However, their relationship has never been investigated in the early poststroke phase. This pilot study aimed at determining whether resting heart rate (HR) parameters measured in early poststroke phase (1) are associated with early-phase measures of depression and cognition and (2) could be used as new tools for early objective prediction of PSD or PSCI, which could be applicable to patients unable to answer usual questionnaires. Fifty-four patients with first-ever ischemic stroke, without cardiac arrhythmia, were assessed for resting HR and heart rate variability (HRV) within the first week after stroke and for depression and cognition during the first week and at 3 months after stroke. Multiple regression analyses controlled for age, gender, and stroke severity revealed that higher HR, lower HRV, and higher sympathovagal balance (low-frequency/high-frequency ratio of HRV) were associated with higher severity of depressive symptoms within the first week after stroke. Furthermore, higher sympathovagal balance in early phase predicted higher severity of depressive symptoms at the 3-month follow-up, whereas higher HR and lower HRV in early phase predicted lower global cognitive functioning at the 3-month follow-up. Resting HR measurements obtained in early poststroke phase could serve as an objective tool, applicable to patients unable to complete questionnaires, to help in the early prediction of PSD and PSCI. Copyright © 2017 National Stroke Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Phase III Early Restoration Meeting | NOAA Gulf Spill Restoration

Science.gov Websites

Louisiana Mississippi Texas Region-wide Open Ocean Data Media & News Publications Press Releases Story programmatic approach to early restoration planning for Phase III and future early restoration plans. Open

Phase III Early Restoration Meeting - Corpus Christi, TX | NOAA Gulf Spill

Science.gov Websites

Areas Alabama Florida Louisiana Mississippi Texas Region-wide Open Ocean Data Media & News programmatic approach to early restoration planning for Phase III and future early restoration plans. Open

Phase III Early Restoration Meeting - Pensacola, FL (rescheduled) | NOAA

Science.gov Websites

Restoration Areas Alabama Florida Louisiana Mississippi Texas Region-wide Open Ocean Data Media & News programmatic approach to early restoration planning for Phase III and future early restoration plans. Open

Consistent design schematics for biological systems: standardization of representation in biological engineering

PubMed Central

Matsuoka, Yukiko; Ghosh, Samik; Kitano, Hiroaki

2009-01-01

The discovery by design paradigm driving research in synthetic biology entails the engineering of de novo biological constructs with well-characterized input–output behaviours and interfaces. The construction of biological circuits requires iterative phases of design, simulation and assembly, leading to the fabrication of a biological device. In order to represent engineered models in a consistent visual format and further simulating them in silico, standardization of representation and model formalism is imperative. In this article, we review different efforts for standardization, particularly standards for graphical visualization and simulation/annotation schemata adopted in systems biology. We identify the importance of integrating the different standardization efforts and provide insights into potential avenues for developing a common framework for model visualization, simulation and sharing across various tools. We envision that such a synergistic approach would lead to the development of global, standardized schemata in biology, empowering deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms as well as engineering of novel biological systems. PMID:19493898

Effective axial-vector strength and β-decay systematics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Delion, D. S.; Suhonen, J.

2014-09-01

We use the weak axial-vector coupling strength g_{\\text{A}} as a key parameter to reproduce simultaneously the available data for both the Gamow-Teller \\beta^- and \\beta^+/\\text{EC} decay rates in nine triplets of isobars with mass numbers A=70,78,100,104,106,110,116,128,130 . We use the proton-neutron quasiparticle random-phase approximation (pnQRPA) with schematic dipole interaction containing particle-particle and particle-hole parts with mass-dependent strengths. Our analysis points to a strongly quenched effective value g_{\\text{A}}\\approx 0.3 , with a relative error of 28%. We then perform a systematic computation of 218 experimentally known \\beta^- and \\beta^+/\\text{EC} decays with quite a remarkable success. The presently extracted value of g_{\\text{A}} should be taken as an effective one, specific for a given nuclear theory framework. Present studies suggest that the effective g_{\\text{A}} is suitable for the description of decay transitions to 1^+ states at moderate excitation, below the Gamow-Teller giant resonance region.

The plasma electrolytic oxidation micro-discharge channel model and its microstructure characteristic based on Ti tracer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gao, Fangyuan; Hao, Li; Li, Guang; Xia, Yuan

2018-02-01

This study focuses on the individual discharge channel of ceramic coating prepared by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), and attempts to reveal the mechanism of breakdown discharge at low voltage. Titanium (Ti) was employed as a substrate with the layer of aluminum deposited on it (aluminized Ti). The shape and microstructure of the discharge channels in PEO coatings were investigated using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A schematic model of the individual discharge channel was proposed based on Ti tracer method. The shape of the discharge channel was mainly cylinder-shaped in the compact coating, with a groove-like oxidation region existed at the coating/substrate interface. In the groove-like oxidation region, the phase composition mainly composed of amorphous and mixed polycrystalline (aluminum titanate and mullite). β-Al2O3 was found in the ceramic coating. TEM morphology showed that nanometer sized micro channels existed in the ceramic coatings.

Space station freedom resource nodes internal thermal control system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Merhoff, Paul; Dellinger, Brent; Taggert, Shawn; Cornwell, John

1993-01-01

This paper presents an overview of the design and operation of the internal thermal control system (ITCS) developed for Space Station Freedom by the NASA-Johnson Space Center and McDonnell Douglas Aerospace to provide cooling for the resource nodes, airlock, and pressurized logistics modules. The ITCS collects, transports and rejects waste heat from these modules by a dual-loop, single-phase water cooling system. ITCS performance, cooling, and flow rate requirements are presented. An ITCS fluid schematic is shown and an overview of the current baseline system design and its operation is presented. Assembly sequence of the ITCS is explained as its configuration develops from Man Tended Capability (MTC), for which node 2 alone is cooled, to Permanently Manned Capability (PMC) where the airlock, a pressurized logistics module, and node 1 are cooled, in addition to node 2. A SINDA/FLUINT math model of the ITCS is described, and results of analyses for an MTC and a PMC case are shown and discussed.

Chromosome evolution with naked eye: Palindromic context of the life origin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Larionov, Sergei; Loskutov, Alexander; Ryadchenko, Eugeny

2008-03-01

Based on the representation of the DNA sequence as a two-dimensional (2D) plane walk, we consider the problem of identification and comparison of functional and structural organizations of chromosomes of different organisms. According to the characteristic design of 2D walks we identify telomere sites, palindromes of various sizes and complexity, areas of ribosomal RNA, transposons, as well as diverse satellite sequences. As an interesting result of the application of the 2D walk method, a new duplicated gigantic palindrome in the X human chromosome is detected. A schematic mechanism leading to the formation of such a duplicated palindrome is proposed. Analysis of a large number of the different genomes shows that some chromosomes (or their fragments) of various species appear as imperfect gigantic palindromes, which are disintegrated by many inversions and the mutation drift on different scales. A spread occurrence of these types of sequences in the numerous chromosomes allows us to develop a new insight of some accepted points of the genome evolution in the prebiotic phase.

Amorphous titania modified with boric acid for selective capture of glycoproteins.

PubMed

Jin, Shanxia; Liu, Liping; Zhou, Ping

2018-05-22

Amorphous titania was modified with boric acid, and the resulting material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry. The new material, in contrast to conventional boronate affinity materials containing boronic acid ligands, bears boric acid groups. It is shown to exhibit high specificity for glycoproteins, and this was applied to design a method for solid phase extraction of glycoproteins as shown for ribonuclease B, horse radish peroxidase and ovalbumin. Glycoproteins were captured under slightly alkaline environment and released in acidic solutions. The glycoproteins extracted were detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The binding capacities for ribonuclease B, horse radish peroxidase and ovalbumin typically are 9.3, 26.0 and 53.0 mg ∙ g -1 , respectively. The method was successfully applied to the selective enrichment of ovalbumin from egg white. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of the capture of glycoproteins by amorphous titania modified with boric acid.

Characterization of konjac glucomannan-ethyl cellulose film formation via microscopy.

PubMed

Xiao, Man; Wan, Li; Corke, Harold; Yan, Wenli; Ni, Xuewen; Fang, Yapeng; Jiang, Fatang

2016-04-01

Konjac glucomannan-ethyl cellulose (KGM-EC, 7:3, w/w) blended film shows good mechanical and moisture resistance properties. To better understand the basis for the KGM-EC film formation, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to observe the formation of the film from emulsion. Optical microscopy images showed that EC oil droplets were homogeneously dispersed in KGM water phase without obviously coalescence throughout the entire drying process. SEM images showed the surface and cross-sectional structures of samples maintained continuous and homogeneous appearance from the emulsion to dried film. AFM images indicated that KGM molecules entangled EC molecules in the emulsion. Interactions between KGM and EC improved the stability of KGM-EC emulsion, and contributed to uniformed structures of film formation. Based on these output information, a schematic model was built to elucidate KGM-EC film-forming process. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Signals from the Cosmos.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lichtman, Jeffrey M.

1991-01-01

Introduces the basics of radio astronomy and describes how to assemble several simple systems for receiving radio signals from the cosmos. Includes schematics, parts lists, working drawings, and contact information for radio astronomy suppliers. (11 references) (Author/JJK)

How Do We Recognize a Fault When We See One?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rogers, Ralph David

1991-01-01

Describes activities to help students see discontinuities as faults. Students collect data, manipulate data, and use the data to formulate explanations. Schematic diagrams help students with the conceptual component of thinking. (PR)

Automated analysis of blood pressure measurements (Korotkov sound)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Golden, D. P.; Hoffler, G. W.; Wolthuis, R. A.

1972-01-01

Automatic system for noninvasive measurements of arterial blood pressure is described. System uses Korotkov sound processor logic ratios to identify Korotkov sounds. Schematic diagram of system is provided to show components and method of operation.

Schematic Patterns of Causal Evidence.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rholes, William S.; Walters, Jackie

1982-01-01

The study was to determine when the patterns of causal evidence proposed by Orvis, Cunningham and Kelly (1975) begin to function as schemata in the attributional process. One hundred forty-four subjects took part in the study. (RH)

Installation package for a solar heating system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1978-01-01

Installation information is given for a solar heating system installed in Concho Indian School at El Reno, Oklahoma. This package includes a system Operation and Maintenance Manual, hardware brochures, schematics, system operating modes and drawings.

The CICT Earth Science Systems Analysis Model

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pell, Barney; Coughlan, Joe; Biegel, Bryan; Stevens, Ken; Hansson, Othar; Hayes, Jordan

2004-01-01

Contents include the following: Computing Information and Communications Technology (CICT) Systems Analysis. Our modeling approach: a 3-part schematic investment model of technology change, impact assessment and prioritization. A whirlwind tour of our model. Lessons learned.

Geothermal Systems for School.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dinse, David H.

1998-01-01

Describes an award-winning school heating and cooling system in which two energy-efficient technologies, variable-flow pumping and geothermal heat pumps, were combined. The basic system schematic and annual energy use and cost savings statistics are provided. (GR)

40 CFR 270.24 - Specific part B information requirements for process vents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... emission reductions must be made using operating parameter values (e.g., temperatures, flow rates, or..., schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams based on the appropriate sections of “APTI Course 415...

40 CFR 270.24 - Specific part B information requirements for process vents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... emission reductions must be made using operating parameter values (e.g., temperatures, flow rates, or..., schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams based on the appropriate sections of “APTI Course 415...

40 CFR 270.24 - Specific part B information requirements for process vents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... emission reductions must be made using operating parameter values (e.g., temperatures, flow rates, or..., schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams based on the appropriate sections of “APTI Course 415...

40 CFR 270.24 - Specific part B information requirements for process vents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... emission reductions must be made using operating parameter values (e.g., temperatures, flow rates, or..., schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams based on the appropriate sections of “APTI Course 415...

How Things Work: Metal Locators and Related Devices.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crane, H. Richard, Ed.

1984-01-01

Describes a simple form of metal detector, discussing the principles of signal generation, and the detection and discrimination of induced eddy current signals from the located objects. Includes a rough schematic of the detector. (JM)

40 CFR 76.8 - Early election for Group 1, Phase II boilers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) ACID RAIN NITROGEN OXIDES EMISSION REDUCTION PROGRAM § 76.8 Early election for Group 1... plan and: (i) If a Phase I Acid Rain permit governing the source at which the unit is located has been... chapter to include the early election plan; or (ii) If a Phase I Acid Rain permit governing the source at...

40 CFR 76.8 - Early election for Group 1, Phase II boilers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) ACID RAIN NITROGEN OXIDES EMISSION REDUCTION PROGRAM § 76.8 Early election for Group 1... plan and: (i) If a Phase I Acid Rain permit governing the source at which the unit is located has been... chapter to include the early election plan; or (ii) If a Phase I Acid Rain permit governing the source at...

40 CFR 76.8 - Early election for Group 1, Phase II boilers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) ACID RAIN NITROGEN OXIDES EMISSION REDUCTION PROGRAM § 76.8 Early election for Group 1... plan and: (i) If a Phase I Acid Rain permit governing the source at which the unit is located has been... chapter to include the early election plan; or (ii) If a Phase I Acid Rain permit governing the source at...

40 CFR 76.8 - Early election for Group 1, Phase II boilers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) ACID RAIN NITROGEN OXIDES EMISSION REDUCTION PROGRAM § 76.8 Early election for Group 1... plan and: (i) If a Phase I Acid Rain permit governing the source at which the unit is located has been... chapter to include the early election plan; or (ii) If a Phase I Acid Rain permit governing the source at...

40 CFR 76.8 - Early election for Group 1, Phase II boilers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) ACID RAIN NITROGEN OXIDES EMISSION REDUCTION PROGRAM § 76.8 Early election for Group 1... plan and: (i) If a Phase I Acid Rain permit governing the source at which the unit is located has been... chapter to include the early election plan; or (ii) If a Phase I Acid Rain permit governing the source at...

Phase III Early Restoration Meeting - Lake Charles, LA | NOAA Gulf Spill

Science.gov Websites

Areas Alabama Florida Louisiana Mississippi Texas Region-wide Open Ocean Data Media & News early restoration planning for Phase III and future early restoration plans. Open House: 5:30pm Public

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kang, Kyungsu; Lee, Kyung-Mi; Yoo, Ji-Hye

Graphical abstract: Schematic diagram of the possible molecular mechanism underlying the inhibition of the Wnt/{beta}-catenin signaling pathway and the induction of G0/G1-phase arrest by gomisins J and N, derived from the fruits of S. chinensis, in HCT116 human colon cancer cells. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Gomisins J and N inhibited Wnt/{beta}-catenin signaling pathway in HCT116 cells. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Gomisins J and N disrupted the binding of {beta}-catenin to specific DNA sequences, TBE. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Gomisins J and N inhibited the HCT116 cell proliferation through G0/G1 phase arrest. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Gomisins J and N inhibited the expression of Cyc D1, a Wnt/{beta}-catenin target gene. -- Abstract:more » Here, we report that gomisin J and gomisin N, dibenzocyclooctadiene type lignans isolated from Schisandra chinensis, inhibit Wnt/{beta}-catenin signaling in HCT116 cells. Gomisins J and N appear to inhibit Wnt/{beta}-catenin signaling by disrupting the interaction between {beta}-catenin and its specific target DNA sequences (TCF binding elements, TBE) rather than by altering the expression of the {beta}-catenin protein. Gomisins J and N inhibit HCT116 cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. The G0/G1 phase arrest induced by gomisins J and N appears to be caused by a decrease in the expression of Cyclin D1, a representative target gene of the Wnt/{beta}-catenin signaling pathway, as well as Cdk2, Cdk4, and E2F-1. Therefore, gomisins J and N, the novel Wnt/{beta}-catenin inhibitors discovered in this study, may serve as potential agents for the prevention and treatment of human colorectal cancers.« less

DC motor proportional control system for orthotic devices

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Blaise, H. T.; Allen, J. R.

1972-01-01

Multi-channel proportional control system for operation of dc motors for use with externally-powered orthotic arm braces is described. Components of circuitry and principles of operation are described. Schematic diagram of control circuit is provided.

Humidity Measurements: A Psychrometer Suitable for On-Line Data Acquisition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Caporaloni, Marina; Ambrosini, Roberto

1992-01-01

Explains the typical design, operation, and calibration of a traditional psychrometer. Presents the method utilized for this class project with design considerations, calibration techniques, remote data sensing schematic, and specifics of the implementation process. (JJK)

30 CFR 250.1617 - Application for permit to drill.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... BOP equipment, (ii) A schematic drawing of the diverter system to be used (plan and elevation views... survey program for directionally drilled wells; (9) An H2S Contingency Plan, if applicable, and if not...

Through the eyes of the Informationist: Identifying information needs of the Breast Imaging Service at a tertiary medical center specializing in cancer.

PubMed

DeRosa, Antonio P; Gibson, Donna S; Morris, Elizabeth A

2017-09-01

The information services offered by Embedded Librarians over the years have led to the more modern-and domain knowledge-specific-role of the Informationist. A 10-point questionnaire was developed and used to interview 12 attending physicians and three fellows chosen at random. The participants are either on the research track (n = 3) or the clinical track (n = 9). A two-part schematic was also created to capture more detailed feedback about the information needs and information-seeking behavior of clinicians regarding patient care (clinical) and research activities. Bibliographic management tool use and time-related factors were also captured in the interviews and written schematics. The role of the Informationist is an emerging, yet valuable one to assigned clinical groups. Clinician's knowledge-base, current awareness, productivity, and evidence-based care can be improved by use of Informationist services.

Schematic representation of residue-based protein context-dependent data: an application to transmembrane proteins.

PubMed

Campagne, F; Weinstein, H

1999-01-01

An algorithmic method for drawing residue-based schematic diagrams of proteins on a 2D page is presented and illustrated. The method allows the creation of rendering engines dedicated to a given family of sequences, or fold. The initial implementation provides an engine that can produce a 2D diagram representing secondary structure for any transmembrane protein sequence. We present the details of the strategy for automating the drawing of these diagrams. The most important part of this strategy is the development of an algorithm for laying out residues of a loop that connects to arbitrary points of a 2D plane. As implemented, this algorithm is suitable for real-time modification of the loop layout. This work is of interest for the representation and analysis of data from (1) protein databases, (2) mutagenesis results, or (3) various kinds of protein context-dependent annotations or data.

Experiment to determine properties of packed particle beds and regenerators at cryogenic temperatures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barclay, J. A.; Overton, W. C., Jr.; Stewart, W. F.; Sarangi, S.

1984-01-01

Studies related to the development of magnetic refrigeration and heat pump systems in temperature ranges from 4 K to ambient temperature and above have been conducted, taking into account the testing of the properties of packed-particle beds and regenerators at cryogenic temperatures as low as 4 K as an essential part of these studies. The present paper provides a description of the developed experimental apparatus and presents the results of recent measurements on packed-particle beds in the liquid helium and liquid nitrogen temperature ranges. Attention is given to a schematic of the apparatus and the data acquisition system, the various modes of gas flow, a schematic of a typical test bed with thermocouple positions, the calculation of transient heat transfer rates at different positions in the bed, the governing equations, and the procedures used for solving these equations.

A scheme of pedagogical problems solving in kinematic to observe toulmin argumentation feasibility

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Manurung, Sondang R.; Rustaman, Nuryani Y.; Siregar, Nelson

2013-09-01

The purpose of this study is to determine the students' ability to map out the problem solving. This paper would show a schematic template map used to analyze the students' tasks in performing problem solving pedagogically. Scheme of problem solving map of student was undertaken based on Toulmin Argumentation Pattern (TAP) argumentative discourse. The samples of this study were three work-sheets of physics education students who represented the upper, middle and lower levels of class in one LPTK in Medan. The instrument of this study was an essay test in kinematics topic. The data analyses were performed with schematic template map in order to know the students' ability in mapping the problem solving. The results showed that the student in the Upper level of class followed the appropriate direction pattern, while two others students could not followed the pattern exactly.

Human life support during interplanetary travel and domicile. II - Generic Modular Flow Schematic modeling

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Farral, Joseph F.; Seshan, P. K.; Rohatgi, Naresh K.

1991-01-01

This paper describes the Generic Modular Flow Schematic (GMFS) architecture capable of encompassing all functional elements of a physical/chemical life support system (LSS). The GMFS can be implemented to synthesize, model, analyze, and quantitatively compare many configurations of LSSs, from a simple, completely open-loop to a very complex closed-loop. The GMFS model is coded in ASPEN, a state-of-the-art chemical process simulation program, to accurately compute the material, heat, and power flow quantities for every stream in each of the subsystem functional elements (SFEs) in the chosen configuration of a life support system. The GMFS approach integrates the various SFEs and subsystems in a hierarchical and modular fashion facilitating rapid substitutions and reconfiguration of a life support system. The comprehensive ASPEN material and energy balance output is transferred to a systems and technology assessment spreadsheet for rigorous system analysis and trade studies.

Program Helps In Analysis Of Failures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stevenson, R. W.; Austin, M. E.; Miller, J. G.

1993-01-01

Failure Environment Analysis Tool (FEAT) computer program developed to enable people to see and better understand effects of failures in system. User selects failures from either engineering schematic diagrams or digraph-model graphics, and effects or potential causes of failures highlighted in color on same schematic-diagram or digraph representation. Uses digraph models to answer two questions: What will happen to system if set of failure events occurs? and What are possible causes of set of selected failures? Helps design reviewers understand exactly what redundancies built into system and where there is need to protect weak parts of system or remove them by redesign. Program also useful in operations, where it helps identify causes of failure after they occur. FEAT reduces costs of evaluation of designs, training, and learning how failures propagate through system. Written using Macintosh Programmers Workshop C v3.1. Can be linked with CLIPS 5.0 (MSC-21927, available from COSMIC).

Development of standardized air-blown coal gasifier/gas turbine concepts for future electric power systems, Volume 4. Appendix C: Design and performance of standardized fixed bed air-blown gasifier IGCC systems for future electric power generation: Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1991-02-01

This appendix is a compilation of work done to predict overall cycle performance from gasifier to generator terminals. A spreadsheet has been generated for each case to show flows within a cycle. The spreadsheet shows gaseous or solid composition of flow, temperature of flow, quantity of flow, and heat heat content of flow. Prediction of steam and gas turbine performance was obtained by the computer program GTPro. Outputs of all runs for each combined cycle reviewed has been added to this appendix. A process schematic displaying all flows predicted through GTPro and the spreadsheet is also added to this appendix.more » The numbered bubbles on the schematic correspond to columns on the top headings of the spreadsheet.« less

Robust position estimation of a mobile vehicle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Conan, Vania; Boulanger, Pierre; Elgazzar, Shadia

1994-11-01

The ability to estimate the position of a mobile vehicle is a key task for navigation over large distances in complex indoor environments such as nuclear power plants. Schematics of the plants are available, but they are incomplete, as real settings contain many objects, such as pipes, cables or furniture, that mask part of the model. The position estimation method described in this paper matches 3-D data with a simple schematic of a plant. It is basically independent of odometry information and viewpoint, robust to noisy data and spurious points and largely insensitive to occlusions. The method is based on a hypothesis/verification paradigm and its complexity is polynomial; it runs in (Omicron) (m4n4), where m represents the number of model patches and n the number of scene patches. Heuristics are presented to speed up the algorithm. Results on real 3-D data show good behavior even when the scene is very occluded.

Manned Mars Explorer project: Guidelines for a manned mission to the vicinity of Mars using Phobos as a staging outpost; schematic vehicle designs considering chemical and nuclear electric propulsion

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nolan, Sean; Neubek, Deb; Baxmann, C. J.

1988-01-01

The Manned Mars Explorer (MME) project responds to the fundamental problems of sending human beings to Mars in a mission scenario and schematic vehicle designs. The mission scenario targets an opposition class Venus inbound swingby for its trajectory with concentration on Phobos and/or Deimos as a staging base for initial and future Mars vicinity operations. Optional vehicles are presented as a comparison using nuclear electric power/propulsion technology. A Manned Planetary Vehicle and Crew Command Vehicle are used to accomplish the targeted mission. The Manned Planetary Vehicle utilizes the mature technology of chemical propulsion combined with an advanced aerobrake, tether and pressurized environment system. The Crew Command Vehicle is the workhorse of the mission performing many different functions including a manned Mars landing, and Phobos rendezvous.

Portfolio management in early stage drug discovery - a traveler's guide through uncharted territory.

PubMed

Betz, Ulrich A K

2011-07-01

Portfolio management in drug development has become a best practice in the pharmaceutical industry. By contrast, early on in the value chain - the discovery phase - portfolio management is still in its infancy. Nevertheless, owing to the attrition of R&D projects from phase to phase and the cost of capital involved, these early phases of drug discovery play a significant part for the overall cost of bringing new, innovative drugs to the market. This paper describes various approaches to manage a portfolio of projects in early-stage drug discovery and provides crucial factors that determine the success of such an approach. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Early Detection of Amyloid Plaque in Alzheimer’s Disease via X-ray Phase CT

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-08-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-12-1-0138 TITLE: Early Detection of Amyloid Plaque in Alzheimer’s Disease via X-ray Phase CT PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR...NUMBER W81XWH-12-1-0138 Early Detection of Amyloid Plaque in Alzheimer’s Disease via X-ray Phase CT 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6...method for early detection of amyloid plaque in Alzheimer’s disease , with three Specific Aims: #1 Develop and optimize an x-ray PCCT to explore the

Early Intervention of Didang Decoction on MLCK Signaling Pathways in Vascular Endothelial Cells of Type 2 Diabetic Rats

PubMed Central

Song, Zhenqiang; Li, Jing; Li, Chunshen

2016-01-01

In the study, type 2 diabetic rat model was established using streptozotocin (STZ) combined with a high-fat diet, and the rats were divided into control and diabetic groups. Diabetic groups were further divided into nonintervening, simvastatin, Didang Decoction (DDD) early-phase intervening, DDD mid-phase intervening, and DDD late-phase intervening groups. The expression level of MLCK was detected using Western Blot analysis, and the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), protein kinase C (PKC), and protein kinase A (PKA) were examined using Real Time PCR. Under the electron microscope, the cells in the early-DDD-intervention group and the simvastatin group were significantly more continuous and compact than those in the diabetic group. Compared with the control group, the expression of cAMP-1 and PKA was decreased in all diabetic groups, whereas the expression of MLCK and PKC was increased in early- and mid-phase DDD-intervening groups (P < 0.05); compared with the late-phase DDD-intervening group, the expression of cAMP-1 and PKA was higher, but the level of MLCK and PKC was lower in early-phase DDD-intervening group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the early use of DDD improves the permeability of vascular endothelial cells by regulating the MLCK signaling pathway. PMID:27703477

The eyes reveal uncertainty about object distinctions in semantic variant primary progressive aphasia.

PubMed

Faria, Andreia V; Race, David; Kim, Kevin; Hillis, Argye E

2018-06-01

At least three distinct variants of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) have been described, but they are difficult to distinguish early in the course, when individuals experience primarily anomia. People with svPPA are often the hardest to care for, because they have impaired comprehension of words and objects and often have negative changes in comportment. We sought to identify an early marker of semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA) and to enhance the understanding of the semantic deficit in svPPA. We hypothesized that the pattern of eye tracking in a word picture matching task can differentiate svPPA from other variants and can predict which participants with unclassifiable PPA will progress to svPPA. We tested 19 individuals with PPA on a word picture matching task with eye tracking. We found that individuals with svPPA were less accurate than other variants when the foils were semantic coordinates (horse-cow) or schematically related (horse-saddle), but not when they were thematically related (saw-horse) or unrelated. Moreover, even in the condition in which they were highly accurate (unrelated foils) they looked much more often to the foils and for longer, than other variants or controls. Unclassifiable PPA participants who eventually developed svPPA showed the same pattern. This abnormal pattern was associated with atrophy in bilateral temporal poles. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Electro-Mechanical Curriculum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

EASTCONN Regional Educational Services Center, North Windham, CT.

This electromechanical technician curriculum covers the following general areas: (1) basic soldering; (2) reading diagrams and following schematics; and (3) repairing circuitry and mechanics common to major appliances, vending machines, amusement equipment, and small office machines. The manual includes the following sections: (1) course…

Harnessing Macroscopic Forces in Catalysis

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-11-09

Figure 1. Schematic representation of biasing reaction selectivity via mechanocatalysis. A catalyst, “ mcat ”, is embedded in an elastomeric support...Deformation of the elastomeric support transfers mechanical stress to mcat . Under stress-free conditions, mcat catalyzes the transformation of reactant

Possible form of vacuum deformation by heavy particles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mackenzie, R.; Wilczek, F.; Zee, A.

1984-01-01

The possibility is discussed that the lowest-energy state for certain quantum numbers involves a Higgs field polarized into a skyrmion-type configuration. In some models a new type of vacuum instability arises. Phenomenological consequences are indicated schematically.

30 CFR 251.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... fossil content, core analyses, laboratory analyses of physical and chemical properties, well logs or... geological information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional... form of seismic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by determining the...

30 CFR 251.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... fossil content, core analyses, laboratory analyses of physical and chemical properties, well logs or... geological information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional... form of seismic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by determining the...

30 CFR 551.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... been analyzed. Analysis may include, but is not limited to, identification of lithologic and fossil... the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by.... Interpreted geophysical information means knowledge, often in the form of seismic cross sections, 3...

30 CFR 551.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... been analyzed. Analysis may include, but is not limited to, identification of lithologic and fossil... the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by.... Interpreted geophysical information means knowledge, often in the form of seismic cross sections, 3...

30 CFR 251.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... fossil content, core analyses, laboratory analyses of physical and chemical properties, well logs or... geological information means knowledge, often in the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional... form of seismic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by determining the...

30 CFR 551.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... been analyzed. Analysis may include, but is not limited to, identification of lithologic and fossil... the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by.... Interpreted geophysical information means knowledge, often in the form of seismic cross sections, 3...

Drafting. Advanced Print Reading--Electrical.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oregon State Dept. of Education, Salem.

This document is a workbook for drafting students learning advanced print reading for electricity applications. The workbook contains seven units covering the following material: architectural working drawings; architectural symbols and dimensions; basic architectural electrical symbols; wiring symbols; riser diagrams; schematic diagrams; and…

Wobbly Planet Orbital Schematic Illustration

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-02-04

This illustration shows the unusual orbit of planet Kepler-413b around a close pair of orange and red dwarf stars. The planet 66-day orbit is tilted 2.5 degrees with respect to the plane of the binary stars orbit.

40 CFR 60.697 - Recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... be kept. (i) Detailed schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams. (ii) The dates and... flow and volatile organic compound content under varying liquid level conditions (dynamic and static... vent stream composition, constituent concentrations, flow rate, relative humidity, and temperature. The...

40 CFR 60.697 - Recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... specifications shall be kept. (i) Detailed schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams. (ii) The dates..., including flow and volatile organic compound content under varying liquid level conditions (dynamic and... vent stream composition, constituent concentrations, flow rate, relative humidity, and temperature. The...

40 CFR 60.697 - Recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... be kept. (i) Detailed schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams. (ii) The dates and... flow and volatile organic compound content under varying liquid level conditions (dynamic and static... vent stream composition, constituent concentrations, flow rate, relative humidity, and temperature. The...

BOPACE 3-D addendum: The Boeing plastic analysis capabilities for 3-dimensional solids using isoparametric finite elements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vos, R. G.; Straayer, J. W.

1975-01-01

Modifications and additions incorporated into the BOPACE 3-D program are described. Updates to the program input data formats, error messages, file usage, size limitations, and overlay schematic are included.

A system for aerodynamic design and analysis of supersonic aircraft. Part 3: Computer program description

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Middleton, W. D.; Lundry, J. L.; Coleman, R. G.

1980-01-01

The computer program documentation for the design and analysis of supersonic configurations is presented. Schematics and block diagrams of the major program structure, together with subroutine descriptions for each module are included.

Redundancy approaches in bubble domain memories

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Almasi, G. S.; Schuster, S. E.

1972-01-01

Fabrication of integrated circuit chips to compensate for faulty memory elements is discussed. Procedure for testing chips to determine extent of redundancy and faults is described. Mathematical model to define operation is presented. Schematic circuit diagram of test equipment is provided.

Career Planning and Development for Early-Career Scientists

EPA Science Inventory

Early career development can be looked at as being of two major phases. The first phase is the formal educational process leading to an awarded degree, postdoctoral training, and potentially formal certification in a scientific discipline. The second phase is the informal educa...

Structure of interphase chromosomes in the nuclei of Drosophila cells.

PubMed

Banfalvi, Gaspar

2006-10-01

Fluorescent images of interphase chromatin structures and chromosome structures isolated from reversibly permeable Drosophila cells were analyzed. Decondensed chromatin in early S phase (2.0-2.5 C-value) consisted of a veil-like fibrillary network. Fibrillar chromatin formed rodlets later in the early S phase (2.5-2.75 C). Drosophila chromosomes contain several smaller subunits called rodlets. Fibrillar chromatin turned to chromatin ribbon and the early mid-S-phase globular chromosomes (2.75-3.0 C), then to opened fibrous globular forms later in the mid-S-phase (3.0-3.25 C), to late-S-phase supercoiled ribbons (3.25-3.5 C), end-S-phase elongated prechromosomes (3.5-3.75 C), bent and linear chromosomes (3.75-4.0 C). Early-S phase chromatin fibrils in the nuclei of Drosophila cells are thinner than the veil-like structures in mammalian cells. The connectivity of chromosomes shows linear arrangement (3, 1, 2, 4), with larger chromosomes (1 and 2) inside and smaller chromosomes (3, 4) at the two ends in the chromosomal chain.

Early visual processing is enhanced in the midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle.

PubMed

Lusk, Bethany R; Carr, Andrea R; Ranson, Valerie A; Bryant, Richard A; Felmingham, Kim L

2015-12-01

Event-related potential (ERP) studies have revealed an early attentional bias in processing unpleasant emotional images in women. Recent neuroimaging data suggests there are significant differences in cortical emotional processing according to menstrual phase. This study examined the impact of menstrual phase on visual emotional processing in women compared to men. ERPs were recorded from 28 early follicular women, 29 midluteal women, and 27 men while they completed a passive viewing task of neutral and low- and high- arousing pleasant and unpleasant images. There was a significant effect of menstrual phase in early visual processing, as midluteal women displayed significantly greater P1 amplitude at occipital regions to all visual images compared to men. Both midluteal and early follicular women displayed larger N1 amplitudes than men (although this only reached significance for the midluteal group) to the visual images. No sex or menstrual phase differences were apparent in later N2, P3, or LPP. A condition effect demonstrated greater P3 and LPP amplitude to highly-arousing unpleasant images relative to all other stimuli conditions. These results indicate that women have greater early automatic visual processing compared to men, and suggests that this effect is particularly strong in women in the midluteal phase at the earliest stage of visual attention processing. Our findings highlight the importance of considering menstrual phase when examining sex differences in the cortical processing of visual stimuli. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Electroactive Polymeric Materials for Supercapacitors

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-06-16

composites either using transition metal oxides or different 3D carbon structures to maximize the pseudocapacitance. TECHNICAL APPROACH Our... printing /coating. Figure 9. Schematic representation of CNT forest well plate and a photograph of CNT well sample alongside a penny placed for size

Automated drafting system uses computer techniques

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Millenson, D. H.

1966-01-01

Automated drafting system produces schematic and block diagrams from the design engineers freehand sketches. This system codes conventional drafting symbols and their coordinate locations on standard size drawings for entry on tapes that are used to drive a high speed photocomposition machine.

A Model for Teaching the Dynamical Theory of Tides.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Railsback, L. Bruce

1991-01-01

The dynamical theory of tides is often neglected in teaching oceanography because students have difficulty in visualizing the movements of the tides across the glove. A schematic diagram portraying amphidromic systems as mechanical gears helps overcome these problems. (Author)

30 CFR 251.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analyses, laboratory analyses of physical and chemical..., often in the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by.... Interpreted geophysical information means knowledge, often in the form of seismic cross sections, 3...

30 CFR 252.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... include, but is not limited to, identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analyses, laboratory... interpreted geophysical information. (l) Interpreted geological information means knowledge, often in the form... the form of schematic cross sections and maps, developed by determining the geological significance of...

30 CFR 251.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

.... Analysis may include, but is not limited to, identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analyses... the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by.... Interpreted geophysical information means knowledge, often in the form of seismic cross sections, 3...

Computers in the General Physics Laboratory.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Preston, Daryl W.; Good, R. H.

1996-01-01

Provides ideas and outcomes for nine computer laboratory experiments using a commercial eight-bit analog to digital (ADC) interface. Experiments cover statistics; rotation; harmonic motion; voltage, current, and resistance; ADC conversions; temperature measurement; single slit diffraction; and radioactive decay. Includes necessary schematics. (MVL)

40 CFR 610.16 - Applicant's responsibilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Applicant's responsibilities. 610.16 Section 610.16 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) ENERGY POLICY FUEL... device covered by the application, including drawings, schematics and information on the theory of...

Using Functional Flow Diagrams to Enhance Technical Systems Understanding.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Satchwell, Richard E.

1997-01-01

A treatment group of 20 aviation students used training manuals that presented functional flow diagrams before schematic diagrams. Comparison of data from 10 controls on a card-sort task showed that functional flow diagrams enhanced understanding of technical systems. (SK)

Heat-Transfer Fluids for Solar-Energy Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Parker, J. C.

1982-01-01

43-page report investigates noncorrosive heat-transport fluids compatible with both metallic and nonmetallic solar collectors and plumbing systems. Report includes tables and figures of X-ray inspections for corrosion and schematics of solar-heat transport systems and heat rejection systems.

School Design.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Erwin, Clyde A.

This guide to basic principles of school design presents diagrammatic explanation of various developed standards and planning suggestions. The first section schematically develops patterns of school activity for primary, elementary, and high schools. The second discusses organization of activities--(1) contour adjustment, (2) landscaping, (3)…

Convectively coupled equatorial waves within the MJO during CINDY/DYNAMO: slow Kelvin waves as building blocks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kikuchi, Kazuyoshi; Kiladis, George N.; Dias, Juliana; Nasuno, Tomoe

2018-06-01

This study examines the relationship between the MJO and convectively coupled equatorial waves (CCEWs) during the CINDY2011/DYNAMO field campaign using satellite-borne infrared radiation data, in order to better understand the interaction between convection and the large-scale circulation. The spatio-temporal wavelet transform (STWT) enables us to document the convective signals within the MJO envelope in terms of CCEWs in great detail, through localization of space-time spectra at any given location and time. Three MJO events that occurred in October, November, and December 2011 are examined. It is, in general, difficult to find universal relationships between the MJO and CCEWs, implying that MJOs are diverse in terms of the types of disturbances that make up its convective envelope. However, it is found in all MJO events that the major convective body of the MJO is made up mainly by slow convectively coupled Kelvin waves. These Kelvin waves have relatively fast phase speeds of 10-13 m s-1 outside of, and slow phase speeds of 8-9 m s-1 within the MJO. Sometimes even slower eastward propagating signals with 3-5 m s-1 phase speed show up within the MJO, which, as well as the slow Kelvin waves, appear to comprise major building blocks of the MJO. It is also suggested that these eastward propagating waves often occur coincident with n = 1 WIG waves, which is consistent with the schematic model from Nakazawa in 1988. Some practical aspects that facilitate use of the STWT are also elaborated upon and discussed.

Biophysical shunt theory for neuropsychopathology: neuroimmunological causality for the suicide condition.

PubMed

Naisberg, Y; Weizman, A

1999-03-01

This article describes a working hypothesis of the nature of the 'suicide condition' (SC). The authors contend that the SC emerges as a specialized result of two-phase impairment in the neuroimmunological 'inherited schematic representation' (ISR) involving: (a) the formation of a 'microcellular suicide' phenomenon; and (b) the establishment of a 'macro-organismic suicide' program. Our hypothesis, unlike earlier ones, is based on scientific evidence spanning diverse clinical diagnostic areas indicating that the SC is induced by a local histoincompatibility across distinct tissue structures and/or a remodeling of one or more neurimmunological ISR designs due to biophysical ion shunt bypass and neglect, whereas a normal neuroimmunological ISR complex produces an all-embracing organismic histocompatible tissue-syntonic-to-ego-syntonic expression. The presence of abnormal 'microcellular suicide' assemblies leads to cell syntonic-to-cell dystonic transformation and initiates the first modification phase by contaminating certain neurimmunological ISR programs which in turn trigger the onset of partial ego syntonic-to-ego-dystonic conversion. This is translated by the self-conscious experience as partial self-to-alien tissue translocation. These formations accumulate at a rate, arriving at the second phase in SC establishment when they reach a magnitude resolution that surpasses the organismic suicide threshold level and increase the amount of ego-syntonic-to-ego-dystonic inclusion. This is then translated by the self-conscious experience as a 'foreseeable and inescapable death' that is based on severe self-to-alien multiorgan substitution. The latter overcomes the rules and regulations prescribed by impulse-induced inner events, regardless of outer psychosocial events, and leads to an irrevocable drive to suicide.

Synthesis and photocatalytic performance of g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} nanosheets via liquid phase stripping

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Miao, Jilin; Xu, Guangqing; Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009

Well dispersed g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} nanosheets were prepared by exfoliating the bulk g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} in concentrated sulfuric acid. Phase structures, morphologies and elemental compositions were characterized by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, respectively. Optical absorption and photoluminescence were also used to explain the optical performances of samples. NaI, BQ and IPA were used as the sacrificial agents for studying the surface reactions in the photocatalytic process. By the precipitation of g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} nanosheets in ethanol with different ratios between concentrated sulfuric acid and ethyl alcohol, well dispersed g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} nanosheetsmore » with high specific surface area can be obtained. The optimized g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} (1:10) nanosheets achieve the highest photocatalytic activities under UV light illumination, which can degrade 10 mg/L RhB about 98% in 60 min, which is 6 times that of bulk g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} under UV light. - Graphical Abstract: The schematic diagram of photocatalysis and excellent photocatalytic performance of g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} nanosheets. - Highlights: • Well dispersed g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} were prepared via Liquid Phase Stripping. • The g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} is in a sheet like structure after being exfoliated. • The g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} nanosheets possess high photocatalytic performances.« less

Differential Response Pattern of Oropharyngeal Pressure by Bolus and Dry Swallows.

PubMed

Hasegawa, Mana; Kurose, Masayuki; Okamoto, Keiichiro; Yamada, Yoshiaki; Tsujimura, Takanori; Inoue, Makoto; Sato, Taisuke; Narumi, Takatsune; Fujii, Noritaka; Yamamura, Kensuke

2018-02-01

The aim of this study was to determine if bolus and dry swallow showed similar pressure changes in the oropharynx using our newly developed device. A unique character of it includes that baropressure can be measured with the sensor being placed in the balloon and can assess the swallowing mechanics in terms of pressure changes in the oropharynx with less influences of direct contacts of boluses and oropharyngeal structures during swallow indirectly. Fifteen healthy subjects swallowed saliva (dry), 15 ml of water, 45 ml of water, and 15 ml of two different types of food in terms of viscosity (potage soup-type and mayonnaise-type foods). Suprahyoid muscle activity was recorded simultaneously. Three parameters, area under the curve (AUC), peak amplitude, and duration of pressure, were analyzed from each swallow. Almost all of the bolus swallowing events had biphasic baropressure responses consisting of an early phase and late phase (99%), whereas 90% of the saliva swallowing events had a single phase. AUC, peak, and duration displayed greater effects during the late phase than during the early phase. Baropressure of the early phase, but not of the late phase, significantly increased with increasing volume; however, small but significant viscosity effects on pressure were seen during both phases. Peak pressure of the late phase was preceded by maximum muscle activity, whereas that of the early phase was seen when muscle activity displayed a peak response. These findings indicated that our device with the ability to measure baropressure has the potential to provide additional parameter to assess the swallow physiology, and biphasic baropressure responses in the early and late phases could reflect functional aspects of the swallowing reflexes.

Studies in Three Phase Gas-Liquid Fluidised Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Awofisayo, Joyce Ololade

1992-01-01

Available from UMI in association with The British Library. The work is a logical continuation of research started at Aston some years ago when studies were conducted on fermentations in bubble columns. The present work highlights typical design and operating problems that could arise in such systems as waste water, chemical, biochemical and petroleum operations involving three-phase, gas-liquid -solid fluidisation; such systems are in increasing use. It is believed that this is one of few studies concerned with "true" three-phase, gas-liquid-solid fluidised systems, and that this work will contribute significantly to closing some of the gaps in knowledge in this area. The research work was experimentally based and involved studies of the hydrodynamic parameters, phase holdups (gas and solid), particle mixing and segregation, and phase flow dynamics (flow regime and circulation patterns). The studies have focused particularly on the solid behaviour and the influence of properties of solids present on the above parameters in three-phase, gas-liquid-solid fluidised systems containing single particle components and those containing binary and ternary mixtures of particles. All particles were near spherical in shape and two particle sizes and total concentration levels were used. Experiments were carried out in two- and three-dimensional bubble columns. Quantitative results are presented in graphical form and are supported by qualitative results from visual studies which are also shown as schematic diagrams and in photographic form. Gas and solid holdup results are compared for air-water containing single, binary and ternary component particle mixtures. It should be noted that the criteria for selection of the materials used are very important if true three-phase fluidisation is to be achieved: this is very evident when comparing the results with those in the literature. The fluid flow and circulation patterns observed were assessed for validation of the generally accepted patterns, and the author believes that the present work provides more accurate insight into the modelling of liquid circulation in bubble columns. The characteristic bubbly flow at low gas velocity in a two-phase system is suppressed in the three-phase system. The degree of mixing within the system is found to be dependent on flow regime, liquid circulation and the ratio of solid phase physical properties.

Quantitative microbiological risk assessment in food industry: Theory and practical application.

PubMed

Membré, Jeanne-Marie; Boué, Géraldine

2018-04-01

The objective of this article is to bring scientific background as well as practical hints and tips to guide risk assessors and modelers who want to develop a quantitative Microbiological Risk Assessment (MRA) in an industrial context. MRA aims at determining the public health risk associated with biological hazards in a food. Its implementation in industry enables to compare the efficiency of different risk reduction measures, and more precisely different operational settings, by predicting their effect on the final model output. The first stage in MRA is to clearly define the purpose and scope with stakeholders, risk assessors and modelers. Then, a probabilistic model is developed; this includes schematically three important phases. Firstly, the model structure has to be defined, i.e. the connections between different operational processing steps. An important step in food industry is the thermal processing leading to microbial inactivation. Growth of heat-treated surviving microorganisms and/or post-process contamination during storage phase is also important to take into account. Secondly, mathematical equations are determined to estimate the change of microbial load after each processing step. This phase includes the construction of model inputs by collecting data or eliciting experts. Finally, the model outputs are obtained by simulation procedures, they have to be interpreted and communicated to targeted stakeholders. In this latter phase, tools such as what-if scenarios provide an essential added value. These different MRA phases are illustrated through two examples covering important issues in industry. The first one covers process optimization in a food safety context, the second one covers shelf-life determination in a food quality context. Although both contexts required the same methodology, they do not have the same endpoint: up to the human health in the foie gras case-study illustrating here a safety application, up to the food portion in the brioche case-study illustrating here a quality application. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Multiple Phase Transitions in the model multiferroic BiFeO3

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kreisel, Jens

2012-02-01

Bismuth ferrite BiFeO3 (BFO) is commonly considered a model system for multiferroics, and is perhaps the only material that is both magnetic and a ferroelectric with a strong electric polarization at 300K [1]. Despite numerous investigations, the crystal structures of BFO as a function of temperature and pressure are still not established and lead to ongoing controversial reports in the literature [1,3]. Besides being a model multiferroic, BFO is also one of the very few materials that present both octahedra tilts and strong cation displacements at room temperature. Here we report the high-pressure phase transitions in BFO by both synchrotron x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, namely a surprising richness of six phase transitions in the 0--60 GPa range [2-3]. At low pressures, 4 transitions are evidenced at 4, 6, 7 and 11 GPa. In this range, the crystals display in that range unusual large unit cells and complex domain structures, which suggests a competition between complex tilt systems and possibly off-center cation displacements. The non polar Pnma phase remains stable over a large pressure range between 11 and 38 GPa. The two high pressure phase transitions at 38 and 48 GPa are marked by the occurrence of larger unit cells and an increase of the distortion away from the cubic parent perovskite cell. The previously reported insulator-to-metal transition appears to be symmetry breaking. Finally, we will present a new schematic P-T phase diagram for BFO and discuss the recently reported phase transition in highly strained BFO films [4,5] in the light of our high-pressure findings. [4pt] [1] G. Catalan, J. F. Scott, Advanced Materials 21, 1 (2009).[0pt] [2] R. Haumont et al., Phys. Rev. B 79, 184110 (2009).[0pt] [3] M. Guennou et al., Phys. Rev. B 2011, accepted http://arxiv.org/abs/1108.0704.2011[0pt] [4] J. Kreisel et al. J. Phys.: Cond. Matt. 23, 342202 (2011).[0pt] [5] W. Siemons et al. Appl. Phys. Express 4 (2011).

Statistical controversies in clinical research: early-phase adaptive design for combination immunotherapies.

PubMed

Wages, N A; Slingluff, C L; Petroni, G R

2017-04-01

In recent years, investigators have asserted that the 3 + 3 design lacks flexibility, making its use in modern early-phase trial settings, such as combinations and/or biological agents, inefficient. More innovative approaches are required to address contemporary research questions, such as those posed in trials involving immunotherapies. We describe the implementation of an adaptive design for identifying an optimal treatment regimen, defined by low toxicity and high immune response, in an early-phase trial of a melanoma helper peptide vaccine plus novel adjuvant combinations. Operating characteristics demonstrate the ability of the method to effectively recommend optimal regimens in a high percentage of trials with reasonable sample sizes. The proposed design is a practical, early-phase, adaptive method for use with combined immunotherapy regimens. This design can be applied more broadly to early-phase combination studies, as it was used in an ongoing study of two small molecule inhibitors in relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society for Medical Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Redox-dependent interactions between reduced/oxidized cytochrome c and cytochrome c oxidase evaluated by in-situ electrochemical surface plasmon resonance.

PubMed

Hou, Yuting; An, Jianhong; Deng, Chunyan; Chen, Shu; Xiang, Juan

2016-07-01

The interactions between the redox couple of cytochrome c (Cyt c) and cytochrome c oxidase (COX) were investigated at a mimic redox-modulated interface by using an electrochemical surface plasmon resonance (EC-SPR) system. Although early studies of the binding between COX and Cyt c have been conducted using several techniques in homogeneous solutions, a problem still inherent is that ferro-cytochrome c (Cyt c red), the reduced form of Cyt c, can be easily oxidized into ferri-cytochrome c (Cyt c ox) and adversely impact the accuracy and reproducibility of the binding measurements. In order to realize reliable redox-dependent binding tests, here the Cyt c red is quantitatively electro-generated from Cyt c ox by in situ cathodic polarization in a flow cell. Then the kinetic and dissociation constants of the bindings between COX and Cyt c red/Cyt c ox can be evaluated accurately. In this study, the values of association/dissociation rate constants (k a, k d) for both COX/Cyt c red and COX/Cyt c ox were obtained. The dissociation constants, K D, were finally calculated as 3.33 × 10(-8) mol · L(-1) for COX/Cyt c red and 4.25 × 10(-5) mol · L(-1) for COX/Cyt c ox, respectively. In-situ EC-SPR is promising for better mimicking the in vivo condition that COX is embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane and Cyt c acts as an electron shuttle in the mobile phase. It is an effective method for the investigation of redox-dependent biomolecular interactions. Graphical Abstract Schematic representation of the experimental designs using EC-SPR system. (a) the Au-Cys-COX SPR chip with SAM layers. (b) redox-modulated Cyt c and its binding onto pre-immobilized COX.

The hepatocyte phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI in the evaluation of hepatic fibrosis and early liver cirrhosis in a rat model: an experimental study.

PubMed

Ma, Chunmei; Liu, Ailian; Wang, Yuanyuan; Geng, Xiaoling; Hao, Li; Song, Qingwei; Sun, Bo; Wang, Heqing; Zhao, Gang

2014-07-17

To evaluate the hepatocyte phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI in the early diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis and assessment of liver function in a rat model. In 2 groups of SD rats, liver fibrosis was induced in experimental animals by repetitive carbon tetrachloride injections, while the control group received saline injections. Five experimental rats and 2 control rats were randomly selected at weeks 4, 8, 12. One week after carbon tetrachloride administration, MRI (FIRM T1WI) scan was performed. Gd-EOB-DTPA (0.08mL) was injected into the rat's tail vein and hepatocyte phase images were obtained after 20min. The pre-enhanced phase and hepatocyte phase signal intensities (SI) were measured, and the relative contrast enhancement index (RCEI) was calculated. ANOVA analysis (LSD) of RCEI values in controls (n=6), hepatic fibrosis (n=7), and histopathologically-determined early cirrhosis group (n=6) was performed. RECI values showed a decreasing trend in the control group, hepatic fibrosis and early cirrhosis groups (1.11±0.43, 0.96±0.22, and 0.57±0.33, respectively). While the difference between the control and early cirrhosis groups was statistically significant (p=0.013), there was no significant difference in the hepatic fibrosis group vs the control (p=0.416) and the hepatic fibrosis group vs the early cirrhosis group (p=0.054). Hepatocyte phase RCEI values obtained with Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI scan indicate liver injury in hepatic fibrosis and early cirrhosis. RCEI values are helpful for early diagnosis of liver cirrhosis. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Compatibility Assessment Tool

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Egbert, James Allen

2016-01-01

In support of ground system development for the Space Launch System (SLS), engineers are tasked with building immense engineering models of extreme complexity. The various systems require rigorous analysis of pneumatics, hydraulic, cryogenic, and hypergolic systems. There are certain standards that each of these systems must meet, in the form of pressure vessel system (PVS) certification reports. These reports can be hundreds of pages long, and require many hours to compile. Traditionally, each component is analyzed individually, often utilizing hand calculations in the design process. The objective of this opportunity is to perform these analyses in an integrated fashion with the parametric CADCAE environment. This allows for systems to be analyzed on an assembly level in a semi-automated fashion, which greatly improves accuracy and efficiency. To accomplish this, component specific parameters were stored in the Windchill database to individual Creo Parametric models based on spec control drawings. These parameters were then accessed by using the Prime Analysis within Creo Parametric. MathCAD Prime spreadsheets were created that automatically extracted these parameters, performed calculations, and generated reports. The reports described component compatibility based on local conditions such as pressure, temperature, density, and flow rates. The reports also determined component pairing compatibility, such as properly sizing relief valves with regulators. The reports stored the input conditions that were used to determine compatibility to increase traceability of component selection. The desired workflow for using this tool would begin with a Creo Schematics diagram of a PVS system. This schematic would store local conditions and locations of components. The schematic would then populate an assembly within Creo Parametric, using Windchill database parts. These parts would have their attributes already assigned, and the MathCAD spreadsheets could begin running through database parts to determine which components would be suited for specific locations within the assembly. This eliminates a significant amount of time from the design process, and makes initial analysis assessments more accurate. Each component that would be checked for a location within the assembly would generate a report, showing whether the component was compatible. These reports could be used to generate the PVS report without the need to perform the same analysis multiple times. This process also has the potential to be expanded upon to further automate PVS reports. The integration of software codes or macros could be used to automatically check through hundreds of parts for each location on the schematic. If the software could recognize which type of component would be necessary for each location, it is possible that simply starting the macro could completely choose all the components needed for the schematic, and in turn the system. This would save many hours of work initially selecting components, which could end up saving money. Overall, this process helps to automate initial component selections for PVS systems to fit local design specifications. These selections will automatically generate reports showing how the design criteria are met by the specific component that was chosen. These reports will contribute to easier compilation of the PVS certification reports, which currently take a great amount of time and effort to produce.

Independent Orbiter Assessment (IOA): Analysis of the body flap subsystem

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilson, R. E.; Riccio, J. R.

1986-01-01

The results of the Independent Orbiter Assessment (IOA) of the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Critical Items List (CIL) are presented. The IOA approach features a top-down analysis of the hardware to determine failure modes, criticality, and potential critical items (PCIs). To preserve independence, this analysis was accomplished without reliance upon the results contained within the NASA FMEA/CIL documentation. The independent analysis results for the Orbiter Body Flap (BF) subsystem hardware are documented. The BF is a large aerosurface located at the trailing edge of the lower aft fuselage of the Orbiter. The proper function of the BF is essential during the dynamic flight phases of ascent and entry. During the ascent phase of flight, the BF trails in a fixed position. For entry, the BF provides elevon load relief, trim control, and acts as a heat shield for the main engines. Specifically, the BF hardware comprises the following components: Power Drive Unit (PDU), rotary actuators, and torque tubes. The IOA analysis process utilized available BF hardware drawings and schematics for defining hardware assemblies, components, and hardware items. Each level of hardware was evaluated and analyzed for possible failure modes and effects. Criticality was assigned based upon the severity of the effect for each failure mode. Of the 35 failure modes analyzed, 19 were determined to be PCIs.

New host for carbon in the deep Earth

PubMed Central

Boulard, Eglantine; Gloter, Alexandre; Corgne, Alexandre; Antonangeli, Daniele; Auzende, Anne-Line; Perrillat, Jean-Philippe; Guyot, François; Fiquet, Guillaume

2011-01-01

The global geochemical carbon cycle involves exchanges between the Earth’s interior and the surface. Carbon is recycled into the mantle via subduction mainly as carbonates and is released to the atmosphere via volcanism mostly as CO2. The stability of carbonates versus decarbonation and melting is therefore of great interest for understanding the global carbon cycle. For all these reasons, the thermodynamic properties and phase diagrams of these minerals are needed up to core mantle boundary conditions. However, the nature of C-bearing minerals at these conditions remains unclear. Here we show the existence of a new Mg-Fe carbon-bearing compound at depths greater than 1,800 km. Its structure, based on three-membered rings of corner-sharing (CO4)4- tetrahedra, is in close agreement with predictions by first principles quantum calculations [Oganov AR, et al. (2008) Novel high-pressure structures of MgCO3, CaCO3 and CO2 and their role in Earth’s lower mantle. Earth Planet Sci Lett 273:38–47]. This high-pressure polymorph of carbonates concentrates a large amount of Fe(III) as a result of intracrystalline reaction between Fe(II) and (CO3)2- groups schematically written as 4FeO + CO2 → 2Fe2O3 + C. This results in an assemblage of the new high-pressure phase, magnetite and nanodiamonds. PMID:21402927

Deviation of Long-Period Tides from Equilibrium: Kinematics and Geostrophy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Egbert, Gary D.; Ray, Richard D.

2003-01-01

New empirical estimates of the long-period fortnightly (Mf) tide obtained from TOPEX/Poseidon (T/P) altimeter data confirm significant basin-scale deviations from equilibrium. Elevations in the low-latitude Pacific have reduced amplitude and lag those in the Atlantic by 30 deg or more. These interbasin amplitude and phase variations are robust features that are reproduced by numerical solutions of the shallow-water equations, even for a constant-depth ocean with schematic interconnected rectangular basins. A simplified analytical model for cooscillating connected basins also reproduces the principal features observed in the empirical solutions. This simple model is largely kinematic. Zonally averaged elevations within a simple closed basin would be nearly in equilibrium with the gravitational potential, except for a constant offset required to conserve mass. With connected basins these offsets are mostly eliminated by interbasin mass flux. Because of rotation, this flux occurs mostly in a narrow boundary layer across the mouth and at the western edge of each basin, and geostrophic balance in this zone supports small residual offsets (and phase shifts) between basins. The simple model predicts that this effect should decrease roughly linearly with frequency, a result that is confirmed by numerical modeling and empirical T/P estimates of the monthly (Mm) tidal constituent. This model also explains some aspects of the anomalous nonisostatic response of the ocean to atmospheric pressure forcing at periods of around 5 days.

Topology evolution and gelation mechanism of agarose gel.

PubMed

Xiong, Jun-Ying; Narayanan, Janaky; Liu, Xiang-Yang; Chong, Tan Kok; Chen, Shing Bor; Chung, Tai-Shung

2005-03-31

Kinetics as well as the evolution of the agarose gel topology is discussed, and the agarose gelation mechanism is identified. Aqueous high melting (HM) agarose solution (0.5% w/v) is used as the model system. It is found that the gelation process can be clearly divided into three stages: induction stage, gelation stage, and pseudoequilibrium stage. The induction stage of the gelation mechanism is identified using an advanced rheological expansion system (ARES, Rheometric Scientific). When a quench rate as large as 30 deg C/min is applied, gelation seems to occur through a nucleation and growth mechanism with a well-defined induction time (time required for the formation of the critical nuclei which enable further growth). The relationship between the induction time and the driving force which is determined by the final setting temperature follows the 3D nucleation model. A schematic representation of the three stages of the gelation mechanism is given based on turbidity and rheological measurements. Aggregation of agarose chains is promoted in the polymer-rich phase and this effect is evident from the increasing mass/length ratio of the fiber bundles upon gelation. Continuously increasing pore size during gelation may be attributed to the coagulation of the local polymer-rich phase in order to achieve the global minimum of the free energy of the gelling system. The gel pore size determined using turbidity measurements has been verified by electrophoretic mobility measurements.

Apparatus for Teaching Physics: A Very Short, Portable Foucault Pendulum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kruglak, Haym

1983-01-01

Describes the construction of a small (portable), inexpensive, and easy to build Foucault pendulum. Includes photographs of the apparatus, a schematic of the electrical circuit used, and discussion of the amount of accuracy to be expected during classroom investigation. (JM)

W14_greenhousegas Multi-scale Atmospheric Modeling of Green House Gas Dispersion in Complex Terrain: Controlled Release Study

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Costigan, Keeley Rochelle; Sauer, Jeremy A.; Travis, Bryan J.

2016-07-18

This slide deals with the following: Affordable artificial neural network and mini-sensor system to locate and quantify methane leaks on a well pad; ARPA-e project schematic for monitoring methane leaks

Reflectance Spectroscopy | Photovoltaic Research | NREL

Science.gov Websites

Reflectance Spectroscopy Reflectance Spectroscopy In a fraction of a second, the photovoltaic (PV metallization properties. PV Research Other Measurements pages: Device Performance Analytical Microscopy & directly normal. The reflectance measurement uses a principle of reciprocity Schematic of the PV

The trigeneration cycle as a way to create multipurpose stationary power plants based on conversion of aeroderivative turbofan engines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Varaksin, A. Yu.; Arbekov, A. N.; Inozemtsev, A. A.

2014-10-01

A schematic cycle is considered, and thermodynamic analysis is performed to substantiate the possibility of creating multipurpose industrial power plants, operating on a trigeneration cycle, based on production-type turbofan engines.

30 CFR 580.1 - What definitions apply to this part?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... of lithologic and fossil content, core analyses, laboratory analyses of physical and chemical... the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by.... Interpreted geophysical information means knowledge, often in the form of seismic cross sections, 3...

30 CFR 580.1 - What definitions apply to this part?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... of lithologic and fossil content, core analyses, laboratory analyses of physical and chemical... the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by.... Interpreted geophysical information means knowledge, often in the form of seismic cross sections, 3...

30 CFR 580.1 - What definitions apply to this part?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... of lithologic and fossil content, core analyses, laboratory analyses of physical and chemical... the form of schematic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by.... Interpreted geophysical information means knowledge, often in the form of seismic cross sections, 3...

Clay Mineral Structure Similar to Clays Observed in Mudstone on Mars

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-12-09

This schematic shows the atomic structure of the smallest units that make up the layers and interlayer region of clay minerals. This structure is similar to the clay mineral in drilled rock powder collected by NASA Curiosity Mars rover.

Cross-Cultural Invariance in Story Recall.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mandler, Jean M.; And Others

1980-01-01

Compares data on recall of stories by Liberian nonschooled children, nonliterate adults, nonschooled literate adults and schooled literate adults to similar data on American children and adults. Results indicate a universality of certain kinds of schematic organization and their control of memorial processes. (CM)

A Classroom Demonstration of Psychrometrics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clark, Jim A.; Nikolajczyk, David R.

1983-01-01

Presented is a bench-top demonstration of heating/humidification designed to provide visual confirmation of psychrometric principles outlined in thermodynamics texts. Includes a schematic sketch of the heater/humidifier apparatus, discussion of the six steps involved during the demonstration, and a table of experimental results. (JN)

Use of the mathematical modelling method for the investigation of dynamic characteristics of acoustical measuring instruments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vasilyev, Y. M.; Lagunov, L. F.

1973-01-01

The schematic diagram of a noise measuring device is presented that uses pulse expansion modeling according to the peak or any other measured values, to obtain instrument readings at a very low noise error.

Hardware Evolution of Analog Speed Controllers for a DC Motor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gwaltney, David A.; Ferguson, Michael I.

2003-01-01

This viewgraph presentation provides information on the design of analog speed controllers for DC motors on aerospace systems. The presentation includes an overview of controller evolution, evolvable controller configuration, an emphasis on proportion integral (PI) controllers, schematic diagrams, and experimental results.

Electrophysiological evidence for attentional capture by irrelevant angry facial expressions: Naturalistic faces.

PubMed

Burra, Nicolas; Coll, Sélim Yahia; Barras, Caroline; Kerzel, Dirk

2017-01-10

Recently, research on lateralized event related potentials (ERPs) in response to irrelevant distractors has revealed that angry but not happy schematic distractors capture spatial attention. Whether this effect occurs in the context of the natural expression of emotions is unknown. To fill this gap, observers were asked to judge the gender of a natural face surrounded by a color singleton among five other face identities. In contrast to previous studies, the similarity between the task-relevant feature (color) and the distractor features was low. On some trials, the target was displayed concurrently with an irrelevant angry or happy face. The lateralized ERPs to these distractors were measured as a marker of spatial attention. Our results revealed that angry face distractors, but not happy face distractors, triggered a P D , which is a marker of distractor suppression. Subsequent to the P D , angry distractors elicited a larger N450 component, which is associated with conflict detection. We conclude that threatening expressions have a high attentional priority because of their emotional value, resulting in early suppression and late conflict detection. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Spheroidal Populated Star Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Angeletti, Lucio; Giannone, Pietro

2008-10-01

Globular clusters and low-ellipticity early-type galaxies can be treated as systems populated by a large number of stars and whose structures can be schematized as spherically symmetric. Their studies profit from the synthesis of stellar populations. The computation of synthetic models makes use of various contributions from star evolution and stellar dynamics. In the first sections of the paper we present a short review of our results on the occurrence of galactic winds in star systems ranging from globular clusters to elliptical galaxies, and the dynamical evolution of a typical massive globular cluster. In the subsequent sections we describe our approach to the problem of the stellar populations in elliptical galaxies. The projected radial behaviours of spectro-photometric indices for a sample of eleven galaxies are compared with preliminary model results. The best agreement between observation and theory shows that our galaxies share a certain degree of heterogeneity. The gas energy dissipation varies from moderate to large, the metal yield ranges from solar to significantly oversolar, the dispersion of velocities is isotropic in most of the cases and anisotropic in the remaining instances.

Improving the luteal phase after ovarian stimulation: reviewing new options.

PubMed

Yding Andersen, C; Vilbour Andersen, K

2014-05-01

The human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) trigger used for final follicular maturation in connection with assisted reproduction treatment combines ovulation induction and early luteal-phase stimulation of the corpora lutea. The use of a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) for final follicular maturation has, however, for the first time allowed a separation of the ovulatory signal from the early luteal-phase support. This has generated new information that may improve the currently employed luteal-phase support. Thus, combined results from a number of randomized controlled trials using the GnRHa trigger suggest an association between the reproductive outcome after IVF treatment and the mid-luteal-phase serum progesterone concentration. It appears that a minimum mid-luteal progesterone threshold of approximately 80-100 nmol/l exists, which, when surpassed, results in reduced early pregnancy loss and an increased live birth rate. Further, the trade off between the HCG bolus and the subsequent risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome has resulted in a trend to reduce the HCG bolus from 10,000 IU to 6500-5000 IU, which augments the HCG/LH deficiency during the early/mid-luteal phase. The mid-luteal HCG/LH shortage results in an altered progesterone profile, showing the highest concentration during the early luteal phase, contrasting with the mid-luteal peak seen in the natural menstrual cycle. Copyright © 2014 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Developmental Changes in Sensory-Evoked Optical Intrinsic Signals in the Rat Barrel Cortex.

PubMed

Sintsov, Mikhail; Suchkov, Dmitrii; Khazipov, Rustem; Minlebaev, Marat

2017-01-01

Optical Intrinsic Signal imaging (OISi) is a powerful technique for optical brain studies. OIS mainly reflects the hemodynamic response (HR) and metabolism, but it may also involve changes in tissue light scattering (LS) caused by transient cellular swelling in the active tissue. Here, we explored the developmental features of sensory-evoked OIS in the rat barrel cortex during the first 3 months after birth. Multispectral OISi revealed that two temporally distinct components contribute to the neonatal OIS: an early phase of LS followed by a late phase of HR. The contribution of LS to the early response was also evidenced by an increase in light transmission through the active barrel. The early OIS phase correlated in time and amplitude with the sensory-evoked electrophysiological response. Application of the Modified Beer-Lambert Law (MBLL) to the OIS data revealed that HR during the early phase involved only a slight decrease in blood oxygenation without any change in blood volume. In contrast, HR during the late phase manifested an adult-like increase in blood volume and oxygenation. During development, the peak time of the delayed HR progressively shortened with age, nearly reaching the stimulus onset and overlapping with the early LS phase by the fourth postnatal week. Thus, LS contributes to the sensory-evoked OIS in the barrel cortex of rats at all ages, and it dominates the early OIS phase in neonatal rats due to delayed HR. Our results are also consistent with the delayed blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal in human preterm infants.

Developmental Changes in Sensory-Evoked Optical Intrinsic Signals in the Rat Barrel Cortex

PubMed Central

Sintsov, Mikhail; Suchkov, Dmitrii; Khazipov, Rustem; Minlebaev, Marat

2017-01-01

Optical Intrinsic Signal imaging (OISi) is a powerful technique for optical brain studies. OIS mainly reflects the hemodynamic response (HR) and metabolism, but it may also involve changes in tissue light scattering (LS) caused by transient cellular swelling in the active tissue. Here, we explored the developmental features of sensory-evoked OIS in the rat barrel cortex during the first 3 months after birth. Multispectral OISi revealed that two temporally distinct components contribute to the neonatal OIS: an early phase of LS followed by a late phase of HR. The contribution of LS to the early response was also evidenced by an increase in light transmission through the active barrel. The early OIS phase correlated in time and amplitude with the sensory-evoked electrophysiological response. Application of the Modified Beer-Lambert Law (MBLL) to the OIS data revealed that HR during the early phase involved only a slight decrease in blood oxygenation without any change in blood volume. In contrast, HR during the late phase manifested an adult-like increase in blood volume and oxygenation. During development, the peak time of the delayed HR progressively shortened with age, nearly reaching the stimulus onset and overlapping with the early LS phase by the fourth postnatal week. Thus, LS contributes to the sensory-evoked OIS in the barrel cortex of rats at all ages, and it dominates the early OIS phase in neonatal rats due to delayed HR. Our results are also consistent with the delayed blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal in human preterm infants. PMID:29311827

Memory Transformation Enhances Reinforcement Learning in Dynamic Environments.

PubMed

Santoro, Adam; Frankland, Paul W; Richards, Blake A

2016-11-30

Over the course of systems consolidation, there is a switch from a reliance on detailed episodic memories to generalized schematic memories. This switch is sometimes referred to as "memory transformation." Here we demonstrate a previously unappreciated benefit of memory transformation, namely, its ability to enhance reinforcement learning in a dynamic environment. We developed a neural network that is trained to find rewards in a foraging task where reward locations are continuously changing. The network can use memories for specific locations (episodic memories) and statistical patterns of locations (schematic memories) to guide its search. We find that switching from an episodic to a schematic strategy over time leads to enhanced performance due to the tendency for the reward location to be highly correlated with itself in the short-term, but regress to a stable distribution in the long-term. We also show that the statistics of the environment determine the optimal utilization of both types of memory. Our work recasts the theoretical question of why memory transformation occurs, shifting the focus from the avoidance of memory interference toward the enhancement of reinforcement learning across multiple timescales. As time passes, memories transform from a highly detailed state to a more gist-like state, in a process called "memory transformation." Theories of memory transformation speak to its advantages in terms of reducing memory interference, increasing memory robustness, and building models of the environment. However, the role of memory transformation from the perspective of an agent that continuously acts and receives reward in its environment is not well explored. In this work, we demonstrate a view of memory transformation that defines it as a way of optimizing behavior across multiple timescales. Copyright © 2016 the authors 0270-6474/16/3612228-15$15.00/0.

International Space Station Mechanisms and Maintenance Flight Control Documentation and Training Development

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Daugherty, Colin C.

2010-01-01

International Space Station (ISS) crew and flight controller training documentation is used to aid in training operations. The Generic Simulations References SharePoint (Gen Sim) site is a database used as an aid during flight simulations. The Gen Sim site is used to make individual mission segment timelines, data, and flight information easily accessible to instructors. The Waste and Hygiene Compartment (WHC) training schematic includes simple and complex fluid schematics, as well as overall hardware locations. It is used as a teaching aid during WHC lessons for both ISS crew and flight controllers. ISS flight control documentation is used to support all aspects of ISS mission operations. The Quick Look Database and Consolidated Tool Page are imagery-based references used in real-time to help the Operations Support Officer (OSO) find data faster and improve discussions with the Flight Director and Capsule Communicator (CAPCOM). A Quick Look page was created for the Permanent Multipurpose Module (PMM) by locating photos of the module interior, labeling specific hardware, and organizing them in schematic form to match the layout of the PMM interior. A Tool Page was created for the Maintenance Work Area (MWA) by gathering images, detailed drawings, safety information, procedures, certifications, demonstration videos, and general facts of each MWA component and displaying them in an easily accessible and consistent format. Participation in ISS mechanisms and maintenance lessons, mission simulation On-the-Job Training (OJT), and real-time flight OJT was used as an opportunity to train for day-to-day operations as an OSO, as well as learn how to effectively respond to failures and emergencies during mission simulations and real-time flight operations.

Early Childhood Technology Integrated Instructional System (EC-TIIS) Phase 1: A Final Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hutinger, Patricia; Robinson, Linda; Schneider, Carol

2004-01-01

The Early Childhood Technology Integrated Instructional System (EC-TIIS), a Steppingstones of Technology Innovation Phase 1--Development project, was developed by the Center for Best Practices in Early Childhood (the Center) at Western Illinois University as an online instructional system. EC-TIIS' ultimate goal was to improve technology services…

78 FR 5816 - Guidance for Industry on Clinical Pharmacogenomics: Premarket Evaluation in Early-Phase Clinical...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-28

.... The guidance provides recommendations on when and how genomic principles should be considered and... recommendations on when and how genomic principles should be considered and applied in early-phase clinical... the larger, later adequate, and well-controlled trials (phase 3) that are needed to support marketing...

Cognitive Structures in Vocational Information Processing and Decision Making.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nevill, Dorothy D.; And Others

1986-01-01

Tested the assumptions that the structural features of vocational schemas affect vocational information processing and career self-efficacy. Results indicated that effective vocational information processing was facilitated by well-integrated systems that processed information along fewer dimensions. The importance of schematic organization on the…

Thermochemical Users Facility | Bioenergy | NREL

Science.gov Websites

collaborate on research and development efforts or to use our equipment to test their materials and processes NREL's thermochemical process integration, scale-up, and piloting research. Schematic diagram of NRELs about NREL's thermochemical process integration, scale-up, and piloting research. Thermochemical

Orbit Transfer Vehicle (OTV) advanced expander cycle engine point design study. Volume 3: Engine data summary

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1981-01-01

The engine operating characteristics were examined. Inlet pressure effects, tank pressurization effects, steady-state specific impulse, and the steady-state cycle were studied. The propellant flow schematic and operating sequence are presented. Engine hardware drawings are included.

48 CFR 52.236-21 - Specifications and Drawings for Construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... ACQUISITION REGULATION (CONTINUED) CLAUSES AND FORMS SOLICITATION PROVISIONS AND CONTRACT CLAUSES Text of... shown on the drawings and not mentioned in the specifications, shall be of like effect as if shown or..., diagrams, layouts, schematics, descriptive literature, illustrations, schedules, performance and test data...

Experimental Study of Hydraulic Systems Transient Response Characteristics

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-12-01

of Filter .. ... ...... ..... ..... 28 Effects of Quincke -Tube. .. ..... ...... ... 28 Error ’Estimation. .. ... ...... ..... ..... 33 I. CONCLUSIONS...System With Quincke -Tube i Configuration ..... ..................... ... 11 6 Schematic of Pump System .... ............... ... 12 7 Example of Computer...Filter Configuration ........ ..................... 32 20 Transient Response, Reservoir System, Quincke -Tube (Short) Configuration, 505 PSIA

30 CFR 280.1 - What definitions apply to this part?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... of lithologic and fossil content, core analyses, laboratory analyses of physical and chemical..., or sulphur. Interpreted geological information means the knowledge, often in the form of schematic... information means knowledge, often in the form of seismic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and...

Creative PDB`s (parts databases)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cote, T.J.

1998-12-31

PDB component property entries and creative picklists can make the schematic entry process and downstream tools such as BOM generation more useful. This presentation will show how creative PDB`s can enhance the design process. Examples of PDB entries developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory will be discussed.

To Win and Lose: Aspects of Prospect Theory.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mayer, Rolf

1992-01-01

Elaborates upon the linguistic implications of results centered around "prospect theory." Issues examined include granularity of meaning, including the status of thematic roles and the foreground/background distinction; the relationship of schematic and conceptual structure; information packaging; and the interface between the semantics of verbs…

Guidelines for Energy-Efficient Sustainable Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nicklas, Michael; Bailey, Gary; Rosemain, Pascale; Olin, Samuel

These guidelines present optional strategies to be considered in designing schools to be more energy efficient and sustainable. The guidelines are organized by the following design and construction process: site selection; selection of A & E design team; programming and goal setting; schematic design; design development; construction…

40 CFR 264.1035 - Recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...., temperatures, flow rates, or vent stream organic compounds and concentrations) that represent the conditions... the estimated or design flow rate and organic content of each vent stream and define the acceptable..., drawings, schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams based on the appropriate sections of “APTI...

40 CFR 264.1035 - Recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...., temperatures, flow rates, or vent stream organic compounds and concentrations) that represent the conditions... the estimated or design flow rate and organic content of each vent stream and define the acceptable..., drawings, schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams based on the appropriate sections of “APTI...

40 CFR 264.1035 - Recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...., temperatures, flow rates, or vent stream organic compounds and concentrations) that represent the conditions... the estimated or design flow rate and organic content of each vent stream and define the acceptable..., drawings, schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams based on the appropriate sections of “APTI...

40 CFR 265.1035 - Recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...., temperatures, flow rates or vent stream organic compounds and concentrations) that represent the conditions... -include the estimated or design flow rate and organic content of each vent stream and define the..., drawings, schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams based on the appropriate sections of “APTI...

40 CFR 265.1035 - Recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...., temperatures, flow rates or vent stream organic compounds and concentrations) that represent the conditions... -include the estimated or design flow rate and organic content of each vent stream and define the..., drawings, schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams based on the appropriate sections of “APTI...

40 CFR 264.1035 - Recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...., temperatures, flow rates, or vent stream organic compounds and concentrations) that represent the conditions... the estimated or design flow rate and organic content of each vent stream and define the acceptable..., drawings, schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams based on the appropriate sections of “APTI...

40 CFR 265.1035 - Recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...., temperatures, flow rates or vent stream organic compounds and concentrations) that represent the conditions... -include the estimated or design flow rate and organic content of each vent stream and define the..., drawings, schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams based on the appropriate sections of “APTI...

40 CFR 265.1035 - Recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...., temperatures, flow rates or vent stream organic compounds and concentrations) that represent the conditions... -include the estimated or design flow rate and organic content of each vent stream and define the..., drawings, schematics, and piping and instrumentation diagrams based on the appropriate sections of “APTI...

Using Conversation MOPs in Natural Language Interfaces.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Turner, Elise H.; Cullingford, Richard E.

1989-01-01

Explores a method of combining convention and intention by representing conversation structure with conversation MOPs (schematic structures that store conversation rules as generalized episodes associated with goals the episodes achieved). Discusses how conversation MOPs process the opening portion of a dialogue in an interactive advice-giving…

Japanese Educational Patterns in Science and Engineering

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Birnbaum, Henry

1973-01-01

Describes the Japanese educational system, and outlines some of the obstacles faced by students in progressing through successive levels from elementary school to university. Emphasizes undergraduate education, especially in science and engineering. The organization of the Japanese school system is schematically presented in a diagram. (JR)

Fort Bliss Geothermal Area Data: Temperature profile, logs, schematic model and cross section

DOE Data Explorer

Adam Brandt

2015-11-15

This dataset contains a variety of data about the Fort Bliss geothermal area, part of the southern portion of the Tularosa Basin, New Mexico. The dataset contains schematic models for the McGregor Geothermal System, a shallow temperature survey of the Fort Bliss geothermal area. The dataset also contains Century OH logs, a full temperature profile, and complete logs from well RMI 56-5, including resistivity and porosity data, drill logs with drill rate, depth, lithology, mineralogy, fractures, temperature, pit total, gases, and descriptions among other measurements as well as CDL, CNL, DIL, GR Caliper and Temperature files. A shallow (2 meter depth) temperature survey of the Fort Bliss geothermal area with 63 data points is also included. Two cross sections through the Fort Bliss area, also included, show well position and depth. The surface map included shows faults and well spatial distribution. Inferred and observed fault distributions from gravity surveys around the Fort Bliss geothermal area.

What you fear will appear: detection of schematic spiders in spider fear.

PubMed

Peira, Nathalie; Golkar, Armita; Larsson, Maria; Wiens, Stefan

2010-01-01

Various experimental tasks suggest that fear guides attention. However, because these tasks often lack ecological validity, it is unclear to what extent results from these tasks can be generalized to real-life situations. In change detection tasks, a brief interruption of the visual input (i.e., a blank interval or a scene cut) often results in undetected changes in the scene. This setup resembles real-life viewing behavior and is used here to increase ecological validity of the attentional task without compromising control over the stimuli presented. Spider-fearful and nonfearful women detected schematic spiders and flowers that were added to one of two identical background pictures that alternated with a brief blank in between them (i.e., flicker paradigm). Results showed that spider-fearful women detected spiders (but not flowers) faster than did nonfearful women. Because spiders and flowers had similar low-level features, these findings suggest that fear guides attention on the basis of object features rather than simple low-level features.

Resilience as positive coping appraisals: Testing the schematic appraisals model of suicide (SAMS).

PubMed

Johnson, J; Gooding, P A; Wood, A M; Tarrier, N

2010-03-01

The Schematic Appraisals Model of Suicide (SAMS) suggests that positive self-appraisals may be important for buffering suicidal thoughts and behaviours, potentially providing a key source of resilience. The current study aimed to explore whether positive self-appraisals buffered individuals from suicidality in the face of stressful life events. 78 participants who reported experiencing some degree of suicidality were recruited from a student population. They completed a battery of questionnaires including measures of suicidality, stressful life events and positive self-appraisals. Positive self-appraisals moderated the association between stressful life events and suicidality. For those reporting moderate or high levels of positive self-appraisals, raised incidence of stressful life events did not lead to increases in suicidality. These results support the SAMS framework, and suggest that positive self-appraisals may confer resilience to suicide. Positive self-appraisals may be a promising avenue for further resilience research, and an important area to target for suicide interventions. 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Historical evolution of a micro-tidal lagoon simulated by a 2-D schematic model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bonaldo, D.; Di Silvio, G.

2013-11-01

Coastal transitional environments such as estuaries, coastal inlets and tidal lagoons are the result of the interaction of several exogenous forcing factors (e.g. tidal regime, local wind and wave climate, sea-level rise, sediment supply) many of which are, in principle, variable in time over historical and geological timescales. Besides the natural variability of the external constraints, human interventions in some components of the system can either directly or indirectly affect long-term sediment dynamics in the whole system. In this paper the evolution of a schematic tidal basin, with non-uniform sediments and subject to geological and anthropogenic processes, is reproduced by means of a two dimensional morphodynamic model and qualitatively compared to the events which historically took place in the Venice Lagoon during the last four centuries; the trend for the next 200 years is also investigated. In particular, the effect on both morphology and bottom composition of river diversion, jetty construction, human-induced subsidence and channel dredging are presented and discussed.

INCORPORATING ROUTINE ACTIVITIES, ACTIVITY SPACES, AND SITUATIONAL DEFINITIONS INTO THE SOCIAL SCHEMATIC THEORY OF CRIME.

PubMed

Simons, Ronald L; Burt, Callie H; Barr, Ashley B; Lei, Man-Kit; Stewart, Eric

2014-11-01

Simons and Burt's (2011) social schematic theory (SST) of crime posits that adverse social factors are associated with offending because they promote a set of social schemas (i.e., a criminogenic knowledge structure) that elevates the probability of situational definitions favorable to crime. This study extends the SST model by incorporating the role of contexts for action. Furthermore, the study advances tests of the SST by incorporating a measure of criminogenic situational definitions to assess whether such definitions mediate the effects of schemas and contexts on crime. Structural equation models using 10 years of panel data from 582 African American youth provided strong support for the expanded theory. The results suggest that childhood and adolescent social adversity fosters a criminogenic knowledge structure as well as selection into criminogenic activity spaces and risky activities, all of which increase the likelihood of offending largely through situational definitions. Additionally, evidence shows that the criminogenic knowledge structure interacts with settings to amplify the likelihood of situational definitions favorable to crime.

Causal Networks or Causal Islands? The Representation of Mechanisms and the Transitivity of Causal Judgment.

PubMed

Johnson, Samuel G B; Ahn, Woo-kyoung

2015-09-01

Knowledge of mechanisms is critical for causal reasoning. We contrasted two possible organizations of causal knowledge—an interconnected causal network, where events are causally connected without any boundaries delineating discrete mechanisms; or a set of disparate mechanisms—causal islands—such that events in different mechanisms are not thought to be related even when they belong to the same causal chain. To distinguish these possibilities, we tested whether people make transitive judgments about causal chains by inferring, given A causes B and B causes C, that A causes C. Specifically, causal chains schematized as one chunk or mechanism in semantic memory (e.g., exercising, becoming thirsty, drinking water) led to transitive causal judgments. On the other hand, chains schematized as multiple chunks (e.g., having sex, becoming pregnant, becoming nauseous) led to intransitive judgments despite strong intermediate links ((Experiments 1-3). Normative accounts of causal intransitivity could not explain these intransitive judgments (Experiments 4 and 5). Copyright © 2015 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

Modeling biomass competition and invasion in a schematic wetland

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ursino, N.

2010-08-01

Plants growing along hydrologic gradients adjust their biomass allocation and distribution in response to interspecific competition. Furthermore, susceptibility of a community to invasion is to some extent mediated by differences in growth habit, including root architecture and canopy hight. With reference to the study of a schematic wetland, the aim of this paper is (1) to test, via numerical modeling, the capacity of native plants to counteract an alien dominant species and cause eco-hydrological shifts of the ecosystem by changing their growth habit (e.g. allocating biomass below ground and by so doing changing the evapotranspiration locally) and (2) to test the impact on biodiversity of management practices that alter nutrient supply. The results demonstrated that unique combinations of vegetation types characterized by different growth habits may lead to different vegetation patterns under the same hydrologic forcing, and additionally, the vegetation patterns may change in response to major hydrological shifts, which could be related to diverse wetland management and restoration practices.

Terahertz waves radiated from two noncollinear femtosecond plasma filaments

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Du, Hai-Wei; Hoshina, Hiromichi; Otani, Chiko, E-mail: otani@riken.jp

2015-11-23

Terahertz (THz) waves radiated from two noncollinear femtosecond plasma filaments with a crossing angle of 25° are investigated. The irradiated THz waves from the crossing filaments show a small THz pulse after the main THz pulse, which was not observed in those from single-filament scheme. Since the position of the small THz pulse changes with the time-delay of two filaments, this phenomenon can be explained by a model in which the small THz pulse is from the second filament. The denser plasma in the overlap region of the filaments changes the movement of space charges in the plasma, thereby changingmore » the angular distribution of THz radiation. As a result, this schematic induces some THz wave from the second filament to propagate along the path of the THz wave from the first filament. Thus, this schematic alters the direction of the THz radiation from the filamentation, which can be used in THz wave remote sensing.« less

Social attention with real versus reel stimuli: toward an empirical approach to concerns about ecological validity

PubMed Central

Risko, Evan F.; Laidlaw, Kaitlin E. W.; Freeth, Megan; Foulsham, Tom; Kingstone, Alan

2012-01-01

Cognitive neuroscientists often study social cognition by using simple but socially relevant stimuli, such as schematic faces or images of other people. Whilst this research is valuable, important aspects of genuine social encounters are absent from these studies, a fact that has recently drawn criticism. In the present review we argue for an empirical approach to the determination of the equivalence of different social stimuli. This approach involves the systematic comparison of different types of social stimuli ranging in their approximation to a real social interaction. In garnering support for this cognitive ethological approach, we focus on recent research in social attention that has involved stimuli ranging from simple schematic faces to real social interactions. We highlight both meaningful similarities and differences in various social attentional phenomena across these different types of social stimuli thus validating the utility of the research initiative. Furthermore, we argue that exploring these similarities and differences will provide new insights into social cognition and social neuroscience. PMID:22654747

Finding a face in the crowd: testing the anger superiority effect in Asperger Syndrome.

PubMed

Ashwin, Chris; Wheelwright, Sally; Baron-Cohen, Simon

2006-06-01

Social threat captures attention and is processed rapidly and efficiently, with many lines of research showing involvement of the amygdala. Visual search paradigms looking at social threat have shown angry faces 'pop-out' in a crowd, compared to happy faces. Autism and Asperger Syndrome (AS) are neurodevelopmental conditions characterised by social deficits, abnormal face processing, and amygdala dysfunction. We tested adults with high-functioning autism (HFA) and AS using a facial visual search paradigm with schematic neutral and emotional faces. We found, contrary to predictions, that people with HFA/AS performed similarly to controls in many conditions. However, the effect was reduced in the HFA/AS group when using widely varying crowd sizes and when faces were inverted, suggesting a difference in face-processing style may be evident even with simple schematic faces. We conclude there are intact threat detection mechanisms in AS, under simple and predictable conditions, but that like other face-perception tasks, the visual search of threat faces task reveals atypical face-processing in HFA/AS.

NASA Bioreactor Schematic

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

The schematic depicts the major elements and flow patterns inside the NASA Bioreactor system. Waste and fresh medium are contained in plastic bags placed side-by-side so the waste bag fills as the fresh medium bag is depleted. The compliance vessel contains a bladder to accommodate pressure transients that might damage the system. A peristolic pump moves fluid by squeezing the plastic tubing, thus avoiding potential contamination. The work is sponsored by NASA's Office of Biological and Physical Research. The bioreactor is managed by the Biotechnology Cell Science Program at NASA's Johnson Space Center (JSC). NASA-sponsored bioreactor research has been instrumental in helping scientists to better understand normal and cancerous tissue development. In cooperation with the medical community, the bioreactor design is being used to prepare better models of human colon, prostate, breast and ovarian tumors. Cartilage, bone marrow, heart muscle, skeletal muscle, pancreatic islet cells, liver and kidney are just a few of the normal tissues being cultured in rotating bioreactors by investigators.

CLB5-dependent activation of late replication origins in S. cerevisiae.

PubMed

Donaldson, A D; Raghuraman, M K; Friedman, K L; Cross, F R; Brewer, B J; Fangman, W L

1998-08-01

Replication origins in chromosomes are activated at specific times during the S phase. We show that the B-type cyclins are required for proper execution of this temporal program. clb5 cells activate early origins but not late origins, explaining the previously described long clb5 S phase. Origin firing appears normal in cIb6 mutants. In clb5 clb6 double mutant cells, the late origin firing defect is suppressed, accounting for the normal duration of the phase despite its delayed onset. Therefore, Clb5p promotes the timely activation of early and late origins, but Clb6p can activate only early origins. In clb5 clb6 mutants, the other B-type cyclins (Clb1-4p) promote an S phase during which both early and late replication origins fire.

Insights into intermediate phases of human intestinal fluids visualized by atomic force microscopy and cryo-transmission electron microscopy ex vivo.

PubMed

Müllertz, Anette; Fatouros, Dimitrios G; Smith, James R; Vertzoni, Maria; Reppas, Christos

2012-02-06

The current work aims to study at the ultrastructural level the morphological development of colloidal intermediate phases of human intestinal fluids (HIFs) produced during lipid digestion. HIFs were aspirated near the ligament of Treitz early (30 min), Aspirate(early), and 1 h, Aspirate(1h)(ave,comp), after the administration of a heterogeneous liquid meal into the antrum. The composition of the sample aspirated 1 h after meal administration was similar to the average lumenal composition 1 h after meal administration (Aspirate(1h)(ave,comp)). The colloidal structures of individual aspirates and supernatants of aspirates after ultracentrifugation (micellar phase) were characterized by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM). AFM revealed domain-like structures in Aspirate(early) and both vesicles and large aggregates Aspirate(1h)(ave,comp). Rough surfaces and domains varying in size were frequently present in the micellar phase of both Aspirate(early) and Aspirate(1h)(ave,comp). Cryo-TEM revealed an abundance of spherical micelles and occasionally presented worm-like micelles coexisting with faceted and less defined vesicles in Aspirate(early) and Aspirate(1h)(ave,comp). In Aspirate(1h)(ave,comp) oil droplets were visualized with bilayers closely located to their surface suggesting lipolytic product phases accumulated on the surface of the oil droplet. In the micellar phase of Aspirate(early), Cryo-TEM revealed the presence of spherical micelles, small vesicles, membrane fragments, oil droplets and plate-like structures. In the micellar phase of Aspirate(1h)(ave,comp) the only difference was the absence of oil droplets. Visualization studies previously performed with biorelevant media revealed structural features with many similarities as presented in the current investigation. The impression of the complexity and diversion of these phases has been reinforced with the excessive variation of structural features visualized ex vivo in the current study offering insights at the ultrastuctural level of intermediate phases which impact drug solubilization.

Construction typification as the tool for optimizing the functioning of a robotized manufacturing system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gwiazda, A.; Banas, W.; Sekala, A.; Foit, K.; Hryniewicz, P.; Kost, G.

2015-11-01

Process of workcell designing is limited by different constructional requirements. They are related to technological parameters of manufactured element, to specifications of purchased elements of a workcell and to technical characteristics of a workcell scene. This shows the complexity of the design-constructional process itself. The results of such approach are individually designed workcell suitable to the specific location and specific production cycle. Changing this parameters one must rebuild the whole configuration of a workcell. Taking into consideration this it is important to elaborate the base of typical elements of a robot kinematic chain that could be used as the tool for building Virtual modelling of kinematic chains of industrial robots requires several preparatory phase. Firstly, it is important to create a database element, which will be models of industrial robot arms. These models could be described as functional primitives that represent elements between components of the kinematic pairs and structural members of industrial robots. A database with following elements is created: the base kinematic pairs, the base robot structural elements, the base of the robot work scenes. The first of these databases includes kinematic pairs being the key component of the manipulator actuator modules. Accordingly, as mentioned previously, it includes the first stage rotary pair of fifth stage. This type of kinematic pairs was chosen due to the fact that it occurs most frequently in the structures of industrial robots. Second base consists of structural robot elements therefore it allows for the conversion of schematic structures of kinematic chains in the structural elements of the arm of industrial robots. It contains, inter alia, the structural elements such as base, stiff members - simple or angular units. They allow converting recorded schematic three-dimensional elements. Last database is a database of scenes. It includes elements of both simple and complex: simple models of technological equipment, conveyors models, models of the obstacles and like that. Using these elements it could be formed various production spaces (robotized workcells), in which it is possible to virtually track the operation of an industrial robot arm modelled in the system.

Early Childhood Settings in 15 Countries: What Are Their Structural Characteristics? The IEA Preprimary Project, Phase 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olmsted, Patricia P., Ed.; Montie, Jeanne, Ed.

This is the second of four monographs reporting the findings of Phase 2 of the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) Preprimary Project, which presents data on the physical characteristics of children's early childhood settings. Early childhood settings were documented in the following 15 countries: (1)…

Phase distribution of spliceosomal introns: implications for intron origin

PubMed Central

Nguyen, Hung D; Yoshihama, Maki; Kenmochi, Naoya

2006-01-01

Background The origin of spliceosomal introns is the central subject of the introns-early versus introns-late debate. The distribution of intron phases is non-uniform, with an excess of phase-0 introns. Introns-early explains this by speculating that a fraction of present-day introns were present between minigenes in the progenote and therefore must lie in phase-0. In contrast, introns-late predicts that the nonuniformity of intron phase distribution reflects the nonrandomness of intron insertions. Results In this paper, we tested the two theories using analyses of intron phase distribution. We inferred the evolution of intron phase distribution from a dataset of 684 gene orthologs from seven eukaryotes using a maximum likelihood method. We also tested whether the observed intron phase distributions from 10 eukaryotes can be explained by intron insertions on a genome-wide scale. In contrast to the prediction of introns-early, the inferred evolution of intron phase distribution showed that the proportion of phase-0 introns increased over evolution. Consistent with introns-late, the observed intron phase distributions matched those predicted by an intron insertion model quite well. Conclusion Our results strongly support the introns-late hypothesis of the origin of spliceosomal introns. PMID:16959043

Direct conversion technology: Annual summary report CY 1988

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Massier, P.F.; Bankston, C.P.; Fabris, G.

1988-12-01

The overall objective of the Direct Conversion Technology task is to develop an experimentally verified technology base for promising direct thermal-to-electric energy conversion systems that have potential application for energy conservation in the end-use sectors. This report contains progress of research on the Alkali Metal Thermal-to-Electric Converter (AMTEC), and on the Two-Phase Liquid-Metal MHD Electrical Generator (LMMHD) for the period January 1988 through December 1988. Research on these concepts was initiated during October 1987. In addition, status reviews and assessments are presented for thermomagnetic converter concepts and for thermoelastic converters (Nitinol heat engines). Reports prepared on previous occasions contain discussionsmore » on the following other direct conversion concepts: thermoelectric, pyroelectric, thermionic thermophotovoltaic and thermoacoustic; and also, more complete discussions of AMTEC and LMMHD systems. A tabulated summary of the various systems which have been reviewed thus far has been prepared. Some of the important technical research needs are listed and a schematic of each system is shown. These tabulations are included herein as figures. 43 refs., 26 figs., 1 tab.« less

Effects of pressure on the dynamics of a hyperthermophilic protein revealed by quasielastic neutron scattering

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shrestha, U. R.; Bhowmik, D.; Copley, J. R. D.; Tyagi, M.; Leao, J. B.; Chu, X.-Q.

Inorganic pyrophosphatase (IPPase) from Thermococcus thioreducens is a large oligomeric protein derived from hyperthermophilic microorganism that is found near hydrothermal vents deep under the sea, where the pressure is nearly 100 MPa. Here we study the effects of pressure on the conformational flexibility and relaxation dynamics of IPPase over a wide temperature range using quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) technique. Two spectrometers were used to investigate the β-relaxation dynamics of proteins in time ranges from 2 to 25 ps, and from 100 ps to 2 ns. Our results reveal that, under the pressure of 100 MPa, IPPase displays much faster relaxation dynamics than a mesophilic model protein, hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL), opposite to what we observed previously under the ambient pressure. These contradictory observations imply that high pressure affects the dynamical properties of proteins by distorting their energy landscapes. Accordingly, we derived a general schematic denaturation phase diagram that can be used as a general picture to understand the effects of pressure on protein dynamics and activities Wayne State Univ Startup Fund.

Incineration for resource recovery in a closed ecological life support system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Upadhye, R. S.; Wignarajah, K.; Wydeven, T.

1993-01-01

A functional schematic, including mass and energy balance, of a solid waste processing system for a controlled ecological life support system (CELSS) was developed using Aspen Plus, a commercial computer simulation program. The primary processor in this system is an incinerator for oxidizing organic wastes. The major products derived from the incinerator are carbon dioxide and water, which can be recycled to a crop growth chamber (CGC) for food production. The majority of soluble inorganics are extracted or leached from the inedible biomass before they reach the incinerator, so that they can be returned directly to the CGC and reused as nutrients. The heat derived from combustion of organic compounds in the incinerator was used for phase-change water purification. The waste streams treated by the incinerator system conceptualized in this work are inedible biomass from a CGC, human urine (including urinal flush water) and feces, humidity condensate, shower water, and trash. It is estimated that the theoretical minimum surface area required for the radiator to reject the unusable heat output from this system would be 0.72 sq m/person at 298 K.

Comparative Evaluation of Phase 1 Results from the Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS). [coal utilization for electric power plants feasibility analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

Ten advanced energy conversion systems for central-station, based-load electric power generation using coal and coal-derived fuels which were studied by NASA are presented. Various contractors were selected by competitive bidding to study these systems. A comparative evaluation is provided of the contractor results on both a system-by-system and an overall basis. Ground rules specified by NASA, such as coal specifications, fuel costs, labor costs, method of cost comparison, escalation and interest during construction, fixed charges, emission standards, and environmental conditions, are presented. Each system discussion includes the potential advantages of the system, the scope of each contractor's analysis, typical schematics of systems, comparison of cost of electricity and efficiency for each contractor, identification and reconciliation of differences, identification of future improvements, and discussion of outside comments. Considerations common to all systems, such as materials and furnaces, are also discussed. Results of selected in-house analyses are presented, in addition to contractor data. The results for all systems are then compared.

Practitioners' Experiences of Personal Ownership and Autonomy in Their Support for Young Children's Thinking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robson, Sue; Fumoto, Hiroko

2009-01-01

This article reports the third phase of the Froebel Research Fellowship Project: "The Voice of the Child: ownership and autonomy in early learning". Building on the first and second phases of this study, this phase examined early years practitioners' experiences of supporting young children's thinking in relation to the personal…

Wide-field phase imaging for the endoscopic detection of dysplasia and early-stage esophageal cancer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fitzpatrick, C. R. M.; Gordon, G. S. D.; Sawyer, T. W.; Wilkinson, T. D.; Bohndiek, S. E.

2018-02-01

Esophageal cancer has a 5-year survival rate below 20%, but can be curatively resected if it is detected early. At present, poor contrast for early lesions in white light imaging leads to a high miss rate in standard-of- care endoscopic surveillance. Early lesions in the esophagus, referred to as dysplasia, are characterized by an abundance of abnormal cells with enlarged nuclei. This tissue has a different refractive index profile to healthy tissue, which results in different light scattering properties and provides a source of endogenous contrast that can be exploited for advanced endoscopic imaging. For example, point measurements of such contrast can be made with scattering spectroscopy, while optical coherence tomography generates volumetric data. However, both require specialist interpretation for diagnostic decision making. We propose combining wide-field phase imaging with existing white light endoscopy in order to provide enhanced contrast for dysplasia and early-stage cancer in an image format that is familiar to endoscopists. Wide-field phase imaging in endoscopy can be achieved using coherent illumination combined with phase retrieval algorithms. Here, we present the design and simulation of a benchtop phase imaging system that is compatible with capsule endoscopy. We have undertaken preliminary optical modelling of the phase imaging setup, including aberration correction simulations and an investigation into distinguishing between different tissue phantom scattering coefficients. As our approach is based on phase retrieval rather than interferometry, it is feasible to realize a device with low-cost components for future clinical implementation.

30 CFR 250.292 - What must the DWOP contain?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Information Deepwater Operations Plans (dwop) § 250.292 What must the DWOP contain? You must include the following information in your DWOP: (a) A description and schematic of the typical wellbore, casing, and completion; (b) Structural design, fabrication, and installation information for each surface system...

Solar Water-Heater Design Package

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Information on a solar domestic-hot water heater is contained in 146 page design package. System consists of solar collector, storage tanks, automatic control circuitry and auxiliary heater. Data-acquisition equipment at sites monitors day-by-day performance. Includes performance specifications, schematics, solar-collector drawings and drawings of control parts.

The Development of Innovative Climates in Educational Organizations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miles, Matthew B.

The actualization of educational improvements in school systems necessitates an innovative climate. A schematic diagram shows seven functions as constituting the planning and inventing process for educational improvement. Of these seven functions, four are developmental and adaptation processes, and three provide for the routinization of building…

Microchip Lasers

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-10-31

microchip laser : (top) schematic and (bottom) photograph of working device mounted on 12.7-mm- dia. post. switch 17 (355-nm UV ), 1.5 µJ of fourth......USA E-mail: zayhowski@ll.mit.edu Abstract Microchip lasers are a rich family of solid-state lasers defined by their small size, robust integration

30 CFR 280.1 - What definitions apply to this part?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... include, but are not limited to, identification of lithologic and fossil content, core analyses.... Interpreted geological information means the knowledge, often in the form of schematic cross sections, 3..., often in the form of seismic cross sections, 3-dimensional representations, and maps, developed by...

Development and testing of laser Doppler system components for wake vortex monitoring. Volume 2: Scanner operations manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Edwards, B. B.; Coffey, E. W.

1974-01-01

The theory and operation of the scanner portion of the laser Doppler system for detecting and monitoring aircraft trailing vortices in an airport environment are discussed. Schematics, wiring diagrams, component values, and operation and checkout procedures are included.

173. Photocopy of drawing (1963 piping drawing by General Dynamics/Astronautics) ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

173. Photocopy of drawing (1963 piping drawing by General Dynamics/Astronautics) COMPRESSED AIR AND WATER SYSTEM SCHEMATIC FOR THE MST, SHEET P38 - Vandenberg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 3, Launch Pad 3 East, Napa & Alden Roads, Lompoc, Santa Barbara County, CA

Chemical Weapons Treaty Technologies Reference Collection - 1997 Supplement

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-11-01

INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY (FTIR). EDGEWOOD...102034 CB-102751 CB-102954 CB-103165 FIRST REVIEW CONFERENCE CB-103294 FLOW SCHEMATICS CB-103106 FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY CB... INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY CB-100365 CB-101343 CB-102248 CB-102715 CB-102759 CB-102768 CB-102805 CB-102880 INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY (Continued)

75 FR 65551 - Notice of Passenger Facility Charge (PFC) Approvals and Disapprovals

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-25

... at a $3.00 PFC Level: New terminal development schematic preliminary engineering study and design... for Collection and Use: Air carrier apron. Pavement condition inventory. New terminal building... construction. De-icing treatment plant. Domestic water service. CTX design and installation. Landside planning...

A Game to Teach the Life Cycles of Fungi

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blum, Abraham

1976-01-01

Presented is a biological game utilized to teach fungi life cycles to secondary biology students. The game is designed to overcome difficulties of correlating schematic drawings with images seen through the microscope, correlating life cycles of fungi and host, and understanding cyclic development of fungi. (SL)

Semiconductor Measurement Technology: Progress Report October 1 to December 31, 1974

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-11-01

the Nomarski differential interference contrast mode. The magnification as measured on the photo- microgranh was 58?X. From these photo...linear encoder or a laser Interferometrically controlled stage. A schematic diagram of this system Is shown In figure 23. The required resolution of

Automated Slide Projector

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gould, Mauri

1975-01-01

Describes assembly of a moderately priced synchronized projector and cassette tape recorder using a single channel recorder with a tuned amplifier to separate voice and control tones. Construction requires familiarity with transistors and use of an oscilloscope with an audio signal generator. A picture as well as schematics is provided. (GH)

A Multidisciplinary Model for Development of Intelligent Computer-Assisted Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Park, Ok-choon; Seidel, Robert J.

1989-01-01

Proposes a schematic multidisciplinary model to help developers of intelligent computer-assisted instruction (ICAI) identify the types of required expertise and integrate them into a system. Highlights include domain types and expertise; knowledge acquisition; task analysis; knowledge representation; student modeling; diagnosis of learning needs;…

The Student-Teacher-Computer Team: Focus on the Computer.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ontario Inst. for Studies in Education, Toronto.

Descriptions of essential computer elements, logic and programing techniques, and computer applications are provided in an introductory handbook for use by educators and students. Following a brief historical perspective, the organization of a computer system is schematically illustrated, functions of components are explained in non-technical…

Visual Representations of the Water Cycle in Science Textbooks

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vinisha, K.; Ramadas, J.

2013-01-01

Visual representations, including photographs, sketches and schematic diagrams, are a valuable yet often neglected aspect of textbooks. Visual means of communication are particularly helpful in introducing abstract concepts in science. For effective communication, visuals and text need to be appropriately integrated within the textbook. This study…

Aerodynamic design and analysis system for supersonic aircraft. Part 3: Computer program description

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Middleton, W. D.; Lundry, J. L.; Coleman, R. G.

1975-01-01

The computer program for the design and analysis of supersonic aircraft configurations is presented. The schematics of the program structure are provided. The individual overlays and subroutines are described. The system is useful in determining surface pressures and supersonic area rule concepts.

A Photogate Flash Trigger and a Demonstration of Inertia.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winters, Loren

1992-01-01

Describes a photogate electronic flash trigger that synchronizes flash discharge with high-speed events. Presents a photographic study of a high-speed collision demonstrating the passage of a BB through an elastic strip. Provides the schematic of the delay circuit utilized in the trigger. (MDH)

Space to Space Advanced EMU Radio

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Maicke, Andrew

2016-01-01

The main task for this project was the development of a prototype for the Space to Space Advanced EMU Radio (SSAER). The SSAER is an updated version of the Space to Space EMU Radio (SSER), which is the current radio used by EMUs (Extravehicular Mobility Unit) for communication between suits and with the ISS. The SSER was developed in 1999, and it was desired to update the design used in the system. Importantly, besides replacing out-of-production parts it was necessary to decrease the size of the radio due to increased volume constraints with the updated Portable Life Support System (PLSS) 2.5, which will be attached on future space suits. In particular, it was desired to fabricate a PCB for the front-end of the prototype SSAER system. Once this board was manufactured and all parts assembled, it could then be tested for quality of operation as well as compliancy with the SSER required specifications. Upon arrival, a small outline of the target system was provided, and it was my responsibility to take that outline to a finished, testable board. This board would include several stages, including frequency mixing, amplification, modulation, demodulation, and handled both the transmit and receive lines of the radio. I developed a new design based on the old SSER system and the outline provided to me, and found parts to fit the tasks in my design. It was also important to consider the specifications of the SSER, which included the system noise figure, gain, and power consumption. Further, all parts needed to be impedance matched, and spurious signals needed to be avoided. In order to fulfill these two requirements, it was necessary to perform some calculations using a Smith Chart and excel analysis. Once all parts were selected, I drew the schematics for the system in Altium Designer. This included developing schematic symbols, as well as layout. Once the schematic was finished, it was then necessary to lay the parts out onto a PCB using Altium. Similar to the schematic design, in order to accomplish this it was necessary to develop component land patterns and add component 3D models. All of this was achieved, and the PCB is currently in review. After it is finished being reviewed, this board will be sent out for manufacture. All electronic components used in the PCB have been acquired, and once the board arrives they will be soldered onto the board using a machine in building 44. Finally, the board will be tested for performance on-site. This will likely be accomplished by the end of the internship.

Metacognition in Early Phase Psychosis: Toward Understanding Neural Substrates

PubMed Central

Vohs, Jenifer L.; Hummer, Tom A.; Yung, Matthew G.; Francis, Michael M.; Lysaker, Paul H.; Breier, Alan

2015-01-01

Individuals in the early phases of psychotic illness have disturbed metacognitive capacity, which has been linked to a number of poor outcomes. Little is known, however, about the neural systems associated with metacognition in this population. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the neuroanatomical correlates of metacognition. We anticipated that higher levels of metacognition may be dependent upon gray matter density (GMD) of regions within the prefrontal cortex. Examining whole-brain structure in 25 individuals with early phase psychosis, we found positive correlations between increased medial prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum GMD and higher metacognition. These findings represent an important step in understanding the path through which the biological correlates of psychotic illness may culminate into poor metacognition and, ultimately, disrupted functioning. Such a path will serve to validate and promote metacognition as a viable treatment target in early phase psychosis. PMID:26132568

Development of Environmental Load Estimation Model for Road Drainage Systems in the Early Design Phase

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Park, Jin-Young; Lee, Dong-Eun; Kim, Byung-Soo

2017-10-01

Due to the increasing concern about climate change, efforts to reduce environmental load are continuously being made in construction industry, and LCA (life cycle assessment) is being presented as an effective method to assess environmental load. Since LCA requires information on construction quantity used for environmental load estimation, however, it is not being utilized in the environmental review in the early design phase where it is difficult to obtain such information. In this study, computation system for construction quantity based on standard cross section of road drainage facilities was developed to compute construction quantity required for LCA using only information available in the early design phase to develop and verify the effectiveness of a model that can perform environmental load estimation. The result showed that it is an effective model that can be used in the early design phase as it revealed a 13.39% mean absolute error rate.

Cdc7 is required throughout the yeast S phase to activate replication origins.

PubMed

Donaldson, A D; Fangman, W L; Brewer, B J

1998-02-15

The long-standing conclusion that the Cdc7 kinase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required only to trigger S phase has been challenged by recent data that suggests it acts directly on individual replication origins. We tested the possibility that early- and late-activated origins have different requirements for Cdc7 activity. Cells carrying a cdc7(ts) allele were first arrested in G1 at the cdc7 block by incubation at 37 degrees C, and then were allowed to enter S phase by brief incubation at 23 degrees C. During the S phase, after return to 37 degrees C, early-firing replication origins were activated, but late origins failed to fire. Similarly, a plasmid with a late-activated origin was defective in replication. As a consequence of the origin activation defect, duplication of chromosomal sequences that are normally replicated from late origins was greatly delayed. Early-replicating regions of the genome duplicated at approximately their normal time. The requirements of early and late origins for Cdc7 appear to be temporally rather than quantitatively different, as reducing overall levels of Cdc7 by growth at semi-permissive temperature reduced activation at early and late origins approximately equally. Our results show that Cdc7 activates early and late origins separately, with late origins requiring the activity later in S phase to permit replication initiation.

Implementing Effective Mission Systems Engineering Practices During Early Project Formulation Phases

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Moton, Tryshanda

2016-01-01

Developing and implementing a plan for a NASA space mission can be a complicated process. The needs, goals, and objectives of any proposed mission or technology must be assessed early in the Project Life Cycle. The key to successful development of a space mission or flight project is the inclusion of systems engineering in early project formulation, namely during Pre-phase A, Phase A, and Phase B of the NASA Project Life Cycle. When a space mission or new technology is in pre-development, or "pre-Formulation", feasibility must be determined based on cost, schedule, and risk. Inclusion of system engineering during project formulation is key because in addition to assessing feasibility, design concepts are developed and alternatives to design concepts are evaluated. Lack of systems engineering involvement early in the project formulation can result in increased risks later in the implementation and operations phases of the project. One proven method for effective systems engineering practice during the pre-Formulation Phase is the use of a mission conceptual design or technology development laboratory, such as the Mission Design Lab (MDL) at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). This paper will review the engineering process practiced routinely in the MDL for successful mission or project development during the pre-Formulation Phase.

Analysis of Dibenzothiophene Desulfurization in a Recombinant Pseudomonas putida Strain▿

PubMed Central

Calzada, Javier; Zamarro, María T.; Alcón, Almudena; Santos, Victoria E.; Díaz, Eduardo; García, José L.; Garcia-Ochoa, Felix

2009-01-01

Biodesulfurization was monitored in a recombinant Pseudomonas putida CECT5279 strain. DszB desulfinase activity reached a sharp maximum at the early exponential phase, but it rapidly decreased at later growth phases. A model two-step resting-cell process combining sequentially P. putida cells from the late and early exponential growth phases was designed to significantly increase biodesulfurization. PMID:19047400

Chronology and pyroclastic stratigraphy of the May 18, 1980, eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Criswell, C. William

1987-01-01

The eruption of Mount St. Helens on May 18, 1980 can be subdivided into six phases: the paroxysmal phase I, the early Plinian phase II, the early ash flow phase III, the climactic phase IV, the late ash flow phase V, and phase VI, the activity of which consisted of a low-energy ash plume. These phases are correlated with stratigraphic subunits of ash-fall tephra and pyroclastic flow deposits. Sustained vertical discharge of phase II produced evolved dacite with high S/Cl ratios. Ash flow activity of phase III is attributed to decreases in gas content, indicated by reduced S/Cl ratios and increased clast density of the less evolved gray pumice. Climactic events are attributed to vent clearing and exhaustion of the evolved dacite.

Timing of the endometrial biopsy may be critical for the accurate diagnosis of luteal phase deficiency.

PubMed

Castelbaum, A J; Wheeler, J; Coutifaris, C B; Mastroianni, L; Lessey, B A

1994-03-01

To determine the optimal time to perform the endometrial biopsy for the detection of "out-of-phase" endometrium. Two endometrial biopsies were performed during a single menstrual cycle in each subject. The patient's chronological day was determined by counting forward from the midcycle LH surge, as assessed by urinary LH detection. The "early" biopsy was done on day LH + 7.4 +/- 0.8, and the "late" biopsy on day LH + 11.6 +/- 0.7. Each biopsy was independently read by two pathologists and was considered out of phase if the histologic date was > or = 3 days delayed compared with the chronological date. Infertility practice of an academic teaching hospital. Thirty-three ovulatory women seeking evaluation for infertility. Number of patients with out-of-phase endometrium detected by the early versus the late biopsy. There was a significantly greater detection rate for out-of-phase endometrium using the early biopsy (12.1% to 18.2% incidence depending on the observer) compared with the later biopsy (6.1% to 9.1% incidence). A majority of the early out-of-phase biopsies corrected by the time of the later biopsy. Our findings indicate that an endometrial biopsy performed in the midluteal phase may detect a greater number of women with delayed endometrial maturation during the temporal window of embryo implantation. The observation that most of the women with out-of-phase midluteal biopsies had normal late luteal endometrium may represent a cryptic form of luteal phase deficiency.

Phase III Early Restoration Meeting - Galveston, TX | NOAA Gulf Spill

Science.gov Websites

Areas Alabama Florida Louisiana Mississippi Texas Region-wide Open Ocean Data Media & News planning for Phase III and future early restoration plans. Open House: 6:00pm Public Meeting: 6:30pm

Phase III Early Restoration Meeting - Port Arthur, TX | NOAA Gulf Spill

Science.gov Websites

Areas Alabama Florida Louisiana Mississippi Texas Region-wide Open Ocean Data Media & News planning for Phase III and future early restoration plans. Open House: 6:00pm Public Meeting: 6:30pm