Stranded in Vienna: Wilhelm Ebert (1871-1916) (German Title: Gestrandet in Wien: Wilhelm Ebert (1871-1916))

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schnell, Anneliese

2011-08-01

Wilhelm Ebert, born 1871 in Leipzig, did study astronomy for a short time in Geneva and afterwards in Munich where he finished his PhD. He spent most of his scientific life in France, working on problems of latitude determination and celestial mechanics, mostly at the Bureau des Longitudes in Paris. He was member of the Astronomische Gesellschaft. Probably he used some of the regular meetings of the AG to introduce his work to German astronomers - for a rather short time he worked at the observatories of Kiel, Straßburg and Greifswald. In Greifswald he qualified for giving university lectures and he started to collect astronomical instruments to establish an observatory. M. Loewy, at that time director of Paris observatory, asked him to come back to France, first he had a position at Nice Observatory and shortly afterwards in Paris again. In 1909 he decided to live in Vienna, once more he applied for the qualification of giving university lectures; this time the procedure was easy going. He announced quite a lot of courses but nobody knows if they really took place. From February 1915 until his death in November 1916 he stayed in a psychiatric hospital in Vienna suffering from a disease which was uncurable at that time. His wife tried to get some information about his death in 1937. Already at that time he was unknown to the members of Vienna Observatory.

Theoretical Studies of Low-Loss Optical Fibers.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-09-15

on the fiber surface. Single-mode fiber operation is of interest in communications. Marcuse has shown that surface imperfections are a strong source...0.01 very small value of a : 8A at X = 1 vim Marcuse single mode 2.7 typical value of a = 1 jim, A : 10.6 vm, af = 37 Pim surface imperfections 55...Braunstein, "Scattering Losses in Single and Polycrystalline Materials for Infrared Fiber Applications," unpublished. 5. D. Marcuse , "Mode Conversion

An experimental comparison of the Marcus-Hush and Butler-Volmer descriptions of electrode kinetics applied to cyclic voltammetry. The one electron reductions of europium (III) and 2-methyl-2-nitropropane studied at a mercury microhemisphere electrode

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Henstridge, Martin C.; Wang, Yijun; Limon-Petersen, Juan G.; Laborda, Eduardo; Compton, Richard G.

2011-11-01

We present a comparative experimental evaluation of the Butler-Volmer and Marcus-Hush models using cyclic voltammetry at a microelectrode. Numerical simulations are used to fit experimental voltammetry of the one electron reductions of europium (III) and 2-methyl-2-nitropropane, in water and acetonitrile, respectively, at a mercury microhemisphere electrode. For Eu (III) very accurate fits to experiment were obtained over a wide range of scan rates using Butler-Volmer kinetics, whereas the Marcus-Hush model was less accurate. The reduction of 2-methyl-2-nitropropane was well simulated by both models, however Marcus-Hush required a reorganisation energy lower than expected.

Quantitative weaknesses of the Marcus-Hush theory of electrode kinetics revealed by Reverse Scan Square Wave Voltammetry: The reduction of 2-methyl-2-nitropropane at mercury microelectrodes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Laborda, Eduardo; Wang, Yijun; Henstridge, Martin C.; Martínez-Ortiz, Francisco; Molina, Angela; Compton, Richard G.

2011-08-01

The Marcus-Hush and Butler-Volmer kinetic electrode models are compared experimentally by studying the reduction of 2-methyl-2-nitropropane in acetonitrile at mercury microelectrodes using Reverse Scan Square Wave Voltammetry. This technique is found to be very sensitive to the electrode kinetics and to permit critical comparison of the two models. The Butler-Volmer model satisfactorily fits the experimental data whereas Marcus-Hush does not quantitatively describe this redox system.

Ligand reorganization and activation energies in nonadiabatic electron transfer reactions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhu, Jianjun; Wang, Jianji; Stell, George

2006-10-01

The activation energy and ligand reorganization energy for nonadiabatic electron transfer reactions in chemical and biological systems are investigated in this paper. The free energy surfaces and the activation energy are derived exactly in the general case in which the ligand vibration frequencies are not equal. The activation energy is derived by free energy minimization at the transition state. Our formulation leads to the Marcus-Hush [J. Chem. Phys. 24, 979 (1956); 98, 7170 (1994); 28, 962 (1958)] results in the equal-frequency limit and also generalizes the Marcus-Sumi [J. Chem. Phys. 84, 4894 (1986)] model in the context of studying the solvent dynamic effect on electron transfer reactions. It is found that when the ligand vibration frequencies are different, the activation energy derived from the Marcus-Hush formula deviates by 5%-10% from the exact value. If the reduced reorganization energy approximation is introduced in the Marcus-Hush formula, the result is almost exact.

The role of fearless dominance in differentiating psychopathy from antisocial personality disorder: comment on Marcus, Fulton, and Edens.

PubMed

Patrick, Christopher J; Venables, Noah C; Drislane, Laura E

2013-01-01

Comments on the original article by Marcus et al. (see record 2011-23134-001). Based on their meta-analytic review of the correlates of the two factors of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI), Fearless Dominance (FD) and Self-Centered Impulsivity (SCI), Marcus, Fulton, and Edens (this issue, pp. 70-79) raise important questions about the role of FD in diagnostic conceptualizations of psychopathy. In considering their findings, general limitations of metaanalyses (e.g., Ioannidis & Lau, 1999) should be borne in mind, along with specific limitations of their analysis. These limitations are discussed here.

Spark formation as a moving boundary process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ebert, Ute

2006-03-01

The growth process of spark channels recently becomes accessible through complementary methods. First, I will review experiments with nanosecond photographic resolution and with fast and well defined power supplies that appropriately resolve the dynamics of electric breakdown [1]. Second, I will discuss the elementary physical processes as well as present computations of spark growth and branching with adaptive grid refinement [2]. These computations resolve three well separated scales of the process that emerge dynamically. Third, this scale separation motivates a hierarchy of models on different length scales. In particular, I will discuss a moving boundary approximation for the ionization fronts that generate the conducting channel. The resulting moving boundary problem shows strong similarities with classical viscous fingering. For viscous fingering, it is known that the simplest model forms unphysical cusps within finite time that are suppressed by a regularizing condition on the moving boundary. For ionization fronts, we derive a new condition on the moving boundary of mixed Dirichlet-Neumann type (φ=ɛnφ) that indeed regularizes all structures investigated so far. In particular, we present compact analytical solutions with regularization, both for uniformly translating shapes and for their linear perturbations [3]. These solutions are so simple that they may acquire a paradigmatic role in the future. Within linear perturbation theory, they explicitly show the convective stabilization of a curved front while planar fronts are linearly unstable against perturbations of arbitrary wave length. [1] T.M.P. Briels, E.M. van Veldhuizen, U. Ebert, TU Eindhoven. [2] C. Montijn, J. Wackers, W. Hundsdorfer, U. Ebert, CWI Amsterdam. [3] B. Meulenbroek, U. Ebert, L. Schäfer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 195004 (2005).

On Marcuse and Caring in Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shel, Tammy

2006-01-01

Can caring and standardized testing coincide? Marcuse criticized the misuse of science because it also legitimizes social and economic hierarchy. By the same token, scholars develop standardized testing, claiming these tests are scientific and can measure objectively individuals' learning and intelligence capabilities. However, if inclusive caring…

Ligand reorganization and activation energies in nonadiabatic electron transfer reactions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhu Jianjun; Wang Jianji; Stell, George

2006-10-28

The activation energy and ligand reorganization energy for nonadiabatic electron transfer reactions in chemical and biological systems are investigated in this paper. The free energy surfaces and the activation energy are derived exactly in the general case in which the ligand vibration frequencies are not equal. The activation energy is derived by free energy minimization at the transition state. Our formulation leads to the Marcus-Hush [J. Chem. Phys. 24, 979 (1956); 98, 7170 (1994); 28, 962 (1958)] results in the equal-frequency limit and also generalizes the Marcus-Sumi [J. Chem. Phys. 84, 4894 (1986)] model in the context of studying themore » solvent dynamic effect on electron transfer reactions. It is found that when the ligand vibration frequencies are different, the activation energy derived from the Marcus-Hush formula deviates by 5%-10% from the exact value. If the reduced reorganization energy approximation is introduced in the Marcus-Hush formula, the result is almost exact.« less

The Secret of the Winning Streak

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woolley, Thomas E.; du Sautoy, Marcus P. F.

2011-01-01

In 2006, Marcus du Sautoy delivered the Royal Institution Christmas Lectures on the subject of mathematics. From this, a workshop was created using ideas illustrated in the programme. A group of mathematical students from the University of Oxford, known as Marcus' Marvellous Mathemagicians, were trained in this workshop and now travel to schools…

One-Dimensionality and Whiteness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Calderon, Dolores

2006-01-01

This article is a theoretical discussion that links Marcuse's concept of one-dimensional society and the Great Refusal with critical race theory in order to achieve a more robust interrogation of whiteness. The author argues that in the context of the United States, the one-dimensionality that Marcuse condemns in "One-Dimensional Man" is best…

Strategy, National Interests, and Means to an End

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-10-01

p. 2. 13. Codevilla and Seabury, p. 251. 22 14. Ibid., pp. 92-94. 15. Ibid. 16. Ibid., pp. 84-85. 17. Ibid., p. 85. 18. Marcus Aurelius ...nor with divergent motives. Marcus Aurelius18 Somalia’s descent into chaos is well-chronicled in several publications, so additional diagnosis of

Clinical Investigation Program, RCS MED-300 (R1)

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-10-31

cholesterolemai. J Fam Pract 1987; 24:54-56. Manness DL, Rogers DY: Hemorrhagic complications of varicella . Am FP Feb 1987; pp. 151-155. Madlon-Kay 0J...carotid artery occlusion. Hospital Central Militar, Mexico City, Mexico , Jun 1987, Ebert FR: Ipsilateral concomitant fractures of femoral neck and femoral

On the relation between Marcus theory and ultrafast spectroscopy of solvation kinetics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roy, Santanu; Galib, Mirza; Schenter, Gregory K.; Mundy, Christopher J.

2018-01-01

The phenomena of solvent exchange control the process of solvating ions, protons, and charged molecules. Building upon our extension of Marcus' philosophy of electron transfer, we provide a new perspective of ultrafast solvent exchange mechanism around ions measurable by two-dimensional infrared (2DIR) spectroscopy. In this theory, solvent rearrangement drives an ion-bound water to an activated state of higher coordination number, triggering ion-water separation that leads to the solvent-bound state of the water molecule. This ion-bound to solvent-bound transition rate for a BF4--water system is computed using ab initio molecular dynamics and Marcus theory, and is found to be in excellent agreement with the 2DIR measurement.

Marcus-Hush-Chidsey theory of electron transfer to and from species bound at a non-uniform electrode surface: Theory and experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Henstridge, Martin C.; Batchelor-McAuley, Christopher; Gusmão, Rui; Compton, Richard G.

2011-11-01

Two simple models of electrode surface inhomogeneity based on Marcus-Hush theory are considered; a distribution in formal potentials and a distribution in electron tunnelling distances. Cyclic voltammetry simulated using these models is compared with that simulated using Marcus-Hush theory for a flat, uniform and homogeneous electrode surface, with the two models of surface inhomogeneity yielding broadened peaks with decreased peak-currents. An edge-plane pyrolytic graphite electrode is covalently modified with ferrocene via 'click' chemistry and the resulting voltammetry compared with each of the three previously considered models. The distribution of formal potentials is seen to fit the experimental data most closely.

Contact/Disability Performance. An Essay Constructed between Petra Kuppers and Neil Marcus

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kuppers, Petra; Marcus, Neil

2009-01-01

This dialogue discusses disability and performance through poetic interrogation, interspersed with segments of Neil Marcus's play "My Sexual History." The authors touch on such topics such as sexuality and representation, dance and theatre, the management of disability staring, speech difference and writing, curiosity and shrouding. (Contains 1…

Marcus Theory: Thermodynamics CAN Control the Kinetics of Electron Transfer Reactions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Silverstein, Todd P.

2012-01-01

Although it is generally true that thermodynamics do not influence kinetics, this is NOT the case for electron transfer reactions in solution. Marcus Theory explains why this is so, using straightforward physical chemical principles such as transition state theory, Arrhenius' Law, and the Franck-Condon Principle. Here the background and…

Critical Social Theory: A Portrait

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Torres, Carlos A.

2012-01-01

The term Critical Social Theory is employed in this article following the tradition of the Frankfurt School, and particularly the work of Herbert Marcuse and his interpretation of the political and social philosophy of Hegel and Marx. Discussing the contribution of G.W.F. Hegel to social theory Marcuse argued that: "Hegel's system brings to a…

Rudolph A. Marcus and His Theory of Electron Transfer Reactions

Science.gov Websites

early 1950s and soon discovered ... a strong experimental program at Brookhaven on electron-transfer experimental work provided the first verification of several of the predictions of his theory. This, in turn Marcus theory, namely, experimental evidence for the so-called "inverted region" where rates

Critical Theory and Information Studies: A Marcusean Infusion

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pyati, Ajit K.

2006-01-01

In the field of library and information science, also known as information studies, critical theory is often not included in debates about the discipline's theoretical foundations. This paper argues that the critical theory of Herbert Marcuse, in particular, has a significant contribution to make to the field of information studies. Marcuse's…

Reassessing Subjectivity, Criticality, and Inclusivity: Marcuse's Challenge to Adult Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brookfield, Stephen

2002-01-01

Although Herbert Marcuse did not write as an adult educator, his analysis of subjectivity, criticality, and inclusivity has implications for adult education. He demonstrated how apparently humanistic tolerance for diversity can be manipulated to reinforce dominant ideology, and he made a case for aesthetic education as a site for critical…

Verification of Cloud Forecasts over the Eastern Pacific Using Passive Satellite Retrievals

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-10-01

with increasing sample area. Ebert (2008) reviews a number of these methods, some examples include upscaling ( Zepeda -Arce et al. 2000), wavelet...evaluation of mesoscale simula- tions of the Algiers 2001 flash flood by the model-to-satellite approach. Adv. Geosci., 7, 247–250. Zepeda -Arce, J., E

Hyperbolic metamaterial nanostructures to tune charge-transfer dynamics (Conference Presentation)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Kwang Jin; Xiao, Yiming; Woo, Jae Heun; Kim, Eun Sun; Kreher, David; Attias, André-Jean; Mathevet, Fabrice; Ribierre, Jean-Charles; Wu, Jeong Weon; André, Pascal

2016-09-01

Charge transfer (CT) is an essential phenomenon relevant to numerous fields including biology, physics and chemistry.1-5 Here, we demonstrate that multi-layered hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM) substrates alter organic semiconductor CT dynamics.6 With triphenylene:perylene diimide dyad supramolecular self-assemblies prepared on HMM substrates, we show that both charge separation (CS) and charge recombination (CR) characteristic times are increased by factors of 2.5 and 1.6, respectively, resulting in longer-lived CT states. We successfully rationalize the experimental data by extending Marcus theory framework with dipole image interactions tuning the driving force. The number of metal-dielectric pairs alters the HMM interfacial effective dielectric constant and becomes a solid analogue to solvent polarizability. Based on the experimental results and extended Marcus theory framework, we find that CS and CR processes are located in normal and inverted regions on Marcus parabola diagram, respectively. The model and further PH3T:PCBM data show that the phenomenon is general and that molecular and substrate engineering offer a wide range of kinetic tailoring opportunities. This work opens the path toward novel artificial substrates designed to control CT dynamics with potential applications in fields including optoelectronics, organic solar cells and chemistry. 1. Marcus, Rev. Mod. Phys., 1993, 65, 599. 2. Marcus, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2012, 14, 13729. 3. Lambert, et al., Nat. Phys., 2012, 9, 10. 4. C. Clavero, Nat. Photon., 2014, 8, 95. 5. A. Canaguier-Durand, et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2013, 52, 10533. 6. K. J. Lee, et al., Submitted, 2015, arxiv.org/abs/1510.08574.

A Dense Corpus Study of Past Tense and Plural Overregularization in English.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maslen, Robert J.C.; Theakson, Anna L.; Lieven, Elena V.M.; Tomasello, Michael

2004-01-01

In the "blocking-and-retrieval-failure" account of overregularization (OR; G. F. Marcus, 1995; G. F. Marcus et al., 1992), the claim that a symbolic rule generates regular inflection is founded on pervasively low past tense OR rates and the lack of a substantive difference between past tense and plural OR rates. Evidence of extended periods of OR…

Thanatos and Civilization: Lacan, Marcuse, and the Death Drive

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cho, Daniel

2006-01-01

During the 1950s and 1960s two thinkers, Herbert Marcuse and Jacques Lacan, were conducting a "return to Freud" for very similar reasons. If the differences between them are often advertised, their affinities are less so. In this article, I examine how their "return to Freud" and fidelity to psychoanalysis serves as a common ground to read each in…

"El Norte," Deracination and Circularity: An Epic Gone Awry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brakel, Arthur

2007-01-01

Early journalistic reviews (e.g., Gold, Ebert, and Kael) of "El Norte" (1983), Gregory Nava's first major film, identify it as an epic. In "El Norte" the siblings Enrique and Rosa, two Guatemalan Amerindians, leave their native village on a quest to what for them is the mythical land in the North. Although "El Norte"…

Principal Professional Development: A Multiple Case Exploratory Study of District-Led Aspiring Principal Programs through the Lens of Knowledge Management

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barnes, Frank Derek

2015-01-01

Research establishes that a positive relationship exists between principal instructional leadership and student achievement (Brewer, 1993; Eberts and Stone, 1988; Hallinger and Heck, 1998; Leithwood, Seashore Louis, Anderson, and Wahlstrom, 2004). Likewise, research indicates that a principal's ability to influence the purpose and goals of a…

Alternative Fuels Data Center: CNG Fleets Aid in Superstorm Recovery

Science.gov Websites

AddThis.com... May 24, 2013 CNG Fleets Aid in Superstorm Recovery " They were working around the clock aftermath, helping with recovery efforts. "They were working around the clock," said Rita Ebert accelerating. As part of GLICCC's efforts to build on the momentum, the coalition is now working with the New

Can Higher Education Foster Economic Growth? A Conference Summary. Chicago Fed Letter. Number 236a

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mattoon, Richard H.

2007-01-01

On October 30, 2006, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago and the Midwest Higher Education Compact held a conference on higher education and economic growth. Speakers included Michael Moskow, Richard Lester, Michael Luger, Sean Safford, Larry Isaak, Stefanie Lenway, Rod Shrader, Brian Fabes, Arthur Rothkopf, Randy Eberts, Gary Fethke, Victor…

77 FR 46125 - Sunoco, Inc., R&M, Refining Division, Marcus Hook, PA; Sunoco, Inc., 10 Industrial Hwy., MS4...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-02

... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Employment and Training Administration [TA-W-81,145; TA-W-81,145A] Sunoco, Inc., R&M, Refining Division, Marcus Hook, PA; Sunoco, Inc., 10 Industrial Hwy., MS4 Building G, Lester, PA; Notice of Negative Determination on Reconsideration On April 30, 2012, the Department of Labor issued an Affirmative Determination Regarding...

77 FR 29362 - Sunoco, Inc., R&M Refining Division, Marcus Hook, PA; Sunoco, Inc., 10 Industrial Hwy, MS4...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-17

... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Employment and Training Administration [TA-W-81,145; TA-W-81,145A] Sunoco, Inc., R&M Refining Division, Marcus Hook, PA; Sunoco, Inc., 10 Industrial Hwy, MS4 Building G, Lester, PA; Notice of Affirmative Determination Regarding Application for Reconsideration By application dated March 26, 2012, the United Steel Workers Union...

Political Authoritarianism and Economic Success in Indonesia and South Korea

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-06-01

ECONOMIC SUCCESS IN INDONESIA AND SOUTH KOREA by Marcus A. Johnson June 2017 Thesis Advisor: Naazneen Barma Second Reader: Robert Weiner THIS PAGE...4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE POLITICAL AUTHORITARIANISM AND ECONOMIC SUCCESS IN INDONESIA AND SOUTH KOREA 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 6. AUTHOR(S) Marcus A...CODE 13. ABSTRACT (maximum 200 words) This thesis researches the features of political authoritarianism that might contribute to economic success

An Assessment of Nonresponse Bias in Mail Surveys of Naval Personnel

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-02-01

Hollowell, Ida Harloff, and Marge Covher. Special thanks are due to Jim Herbert who spent many hours keep- ing track of cases, tabulating, and...volunteering for psychological experiments has revealed that the type of experiment (Martin & Marcuse , 1958), the alterna- tives to participating...M., & Marcuse , F. L. Characteristics of volunteers and nonvol- unteers in psychological experimentation. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 1958

Surface hopping with a manifold of electronic states. III. Transients, broadening, and the Marcus picture

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dou, Wenjie; Subotnik, Joseph E.; Nitzan, Abraham

2015-06-21

In a previous paper [Dou et al., J. Chem. Phys. 142, 084110 (2015)], we have introduced a surface hopping (SH) approach to deal with the Anderson-Holstein model. Here, we address some interesting aspects that have not been discussed previously, including transient phenomena and extensions to arbitrary impurity-bath couplings. In particular, in this paper we show that the SH approach captures phonon coherence beyond the secular approximation, and that SH rates agree with Marcus theory at steady state. Finally, we show that, in cases where the electronic tunneling rate depends on nuclear position, a straightforward use of Marcus theory rates yieldsmore » a useful starting point for capturing level broadening. For a simple such model, we find I-V curves that exhibit negative differential resistance.« less

Blinking suppression of CdTe quantum dots on epitaxial graphene and the analysis with Marcus electron transfer

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hirose, Takuya; Tamai, Naoto, E-mail: tamai@kwansei.ac.jp; Kutsuma, Yasunori

We have prepared epitaxial graphene by a Si sublimation method from 4H-SiC. Single-particle spectroscopy of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) on epitaxial graphene covered with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or polyethylene glycol (PEG) showed the suppression of luminescence blinking and ∼10 times decreased luminescence intensity as compared with those on a glass. The electronic coupling constant, H{sub 01}, between CdTe QDs and graphene was calculated to be (3.3 ± 0.4) × 10{sup 2 }cm{sup −1} in PVP and (3.7 ± 0.8) × 10{sup 2 }cm{sup −1} in PEG based on Marcus theory of electron transfer and Tang-Marcus model of blinking with statistical distribution.

Trait Anxiety and Salivary Cortisol During Free Living and Military Stress

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-02-01

2 x February 2008 129 RESEARCH ARTICLE Trait Anxiety and Salivary Cortisol During Free Living and Military Stress Marcus K. Taylor , Jared P...cortex to produce and re- lease glucocorticoid hormones ( 6 ). The primary glucocorticoid is cortisol, which affects many body tissues, including...publication in November 2007 . Address reprint requests to: Marcus K. Taylor, Ph.D., Naval Health Research Center, Stress Physiology Research Core, Dept

Analysis of S2QA- charge recombination with the Arrhenius, Eyring and Marcus theories.

PubMed

Rantamäki, Susanne; Tyystjärvi, Esa

2011-01-01

The Q band of photosynthetic thermoluminescence, measured in the presence of a herbicide that blocks electron transfer from PSII, is associated with recombination of the S(2)Q(A)(-) charge pair. The same charge recombination reaction can be monitored with chlorophyll fluorescence. It has been shown that the recombination occurs via three competing routes of which one produces luminescence. In the present study, we measured the thermoluminescence Q band and the decay of chlorophyll fluorescence yield after a single turnover flash at different temperatures from spinach thylakoids. The data were analyzed using the commonly used Arrhenius theory, the Eyring rate theory and the Marcus theory of electron transfer. The fitting error was minimized for both thermoluminescence and fluorescence by adjusting the global, phenomenological constants obtained when the reaction rate theories were applied to the multi-step recombination reaction. For chlorophyll fluorescence, all three theories give decent fits. The peak position of the thermoluminescence Q band is correct by all theories but the form of the Q band is somewhat different in curves predicted by the three theories. The Eyring and Marcus theories give good fits for the decreasing part of the thermoluminescence curve and Marcus theory gives the closest fit for the rising part. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Conference scene: DGVS spring conference 2009.

PubMed

Kolligs, Frank Thomas

2009-10-01

The 3rd annual DGVS Spring Conference of the German Society for Gastroenterology (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten) was held at the Seminaris Campus Hotel in Berlin, Germany, on 8-9 May, 2009. The conference was organized by Roland Schmid and Matthias Ebert from the Technical University of Munich, Germany. The central theme of the meeting was 'translational gastrointestinal oncology: towards personalized medicine and individualized therapy'. The conference covered talks on markers for diagnosis, screening and surveillance of colorectal cancer, targets for molecular therapy, response prediction in clinical oncology, development and integration of molecular imaging in gastrointestinal oncology and translational research in clinical trial design. Owing to the broad array of topics and limitations of space, this article will focus on biomarkers, response prediction and the integration of biomarkers into clinical trials. Presentations mentioned in this summary were given by Matthias Ebert (Technical University of Munich, Germany), Esmeralda Heiden (Epigenomics, Berlin, Germany), Frank Kolligs (University of Munich, Germany), Florian Lordick (University of Heidelberg, Germany), Hans Jorgen Nielsen (University of Copenhagen, Denmark), Anke Reinacher-Schick (University of Bochum, Germany), Christoph Röcken (University of Berlin, Germany), Wolff Schmiegel (University of Bochum, Germany) and Thomas Seufferlein (University of Halle, Germany).

Doctors aren't immune to theft and fraud

PubMed Central

Marcus, Gary

1995-01-01

A chartered accountant says the problem of fraud within medical practices is far from rare, even though prevention is relatively simple. Gary Marcus provides advice to physicians about ways to spot fraud within their practices and things they can do to prevent it. No matter how small your practice or how long you have had the same employees, says Marcus, given the right circumstances anyone might steal from you. Imagesp940-a PMID:7697586

Environmental Assessment for Pond Target at the South Range of the Utah Test and Training Range

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-11-01

Christenson, 1988 , Shallow Ground Water and Related Hazards in Utah) Mr. Marcus Blood, the Hill AFB Natural Resources Manager, has reported a shallow...Christenson, 1988 , Shallow Ground Water and Related Hazards in Utah) Mr. Marcus Blood, the Hill AFB Natural Resources Manager, has reported a shallow...Complex Cultural Resource Inventory, Wendover Air Force Range, Tooele County, Utah, March 1999. Cronquist , A ., Holmgren, A.H., Holmgren, N.H

Moral, Ethical, and Psychological Preparation of Soldiers and Units for Combat

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

Stoic phi los o pher Marcus Aurelius ob served, “Re spect be comes con crete through em pa thy.” Cicero re - minds us that a sol dier’s re spect must...build ing trust with the pop u la tion ought to be M C M A S T E R 1 3 * Marcus Tullius Cicero, On Du ties, ed. and trans. M. T. Grif fin and E. M. Atkins

A new sexual revolution? Critical theory, pornography, and the Internet.

PubMed

Garlick, Steve

2011-08-01

The "sexual revolution" was a central element of North American culture in the 1960s. Today, sex is increasingly central to mainstream culture, in large part due to the Internet, and we might wonder whether we are living through a comparable period of sexual history. In this article, I revisit the work of Herbert Marcuse-the original theorist of the sexual revolution-to ask whether it can contribute to a critical theory of sexuality in the era of digital technology. After outlining Marcuse's theory of the role of Eros in social life, I discuss two pornographic Web sites that combine eroticism and social critique. I argue that Marcuse's work is valuable for its emphasis on the intersection of sex, technology, and capitalist economy, but that it needs to be supplemented by a focus on masculinity and the male body in Internet pornography.

Metal cation exchange reactions of ore minerals in Fe-Mn crusts of the Marcus Wake Rise (Pacific Ocean) in aqueous-salt solutions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Novikov, G. V.; Bogdanova, O. Yu.; Melnikov, M. E.; Drozdova, A. N.; Lobus, N. V.; Shulga, N. A.

2017-12-01

It is shown that the reaction ability of metal cations of ore minerals in Fe-Mn crusts of the Marcus Wake Rise increases in the following manner: (Co2+ < Cu2+ < Ni2+) < (Mg2+ < Mn2+ < K+ ≈ Ca2+ ≈ Na+). The composition of the exchange complex of the ore minerals is constant and includes these metal cations. Ca2+ and Na+ are major contributors to the exchange capacity of the ore minerals. The capacity of the ore minerals by cations of alkali and base metals is 0.43-0.60 and 2.08-2.70 mg-equiv/g, respectively. The exchange capacity of the ore minerals by cations of base metals increases linearly with the increase in the MnO2 content of the crust and does not depend on the geographical locations of the Marcus Wake guyots.

Studies of the Processing of Single Words Using Positron Tomographic Measures of Cerebral Blood Flow Change.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-01-01

BLOOD FLOW CHANGE Steven E. Petersen, Peter T. Fox, Michael I. Posner, Marcus Raichle McDonnell Center for Studies of Higher Brain Function...Single Words Using Positron Emission Tomographic Measurements of Cerebral Blood Flow Change *= ’I PERSONAL AUTHOR(S) * Petersen, Steven E. 13a. TYPE OF...CHANGE Steven E. Petersen, Peter T. Fox, Michael I. Posner, Marcus E. Raichle INTRODUCTION Language is an essential characteristic of the human

Fatigue Testing of AA7050-T7451 with Various Corrosion Prevention Surface Treatments

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-06-01

UNCLASSIFIED Authors Marcus McDonald Air Vehicles Division Marcus McDonald initially spent 3 years working in the oil & gas, steel and...treatments: caustic degreasing, de-oxidising or anodising. The pits in the anodised coupons were larger than the pits caused by the pre-IVD etching...those fatigue cracks that grew from them spent less time in growing whilst they were small, because the crack started at what was a larger effective

Effects of Strong Local Sporadic E on ELF Propagation.

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-08-15

Huygens diffraction model (e.g., Marcuse , 1972). The model is similar to that used by Crombie. Unlike Crombie’s work however , the Fresnel approximation...40. Marcuse , D., “Light transmission optics ,” Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York , 1972. Papper t , R. A. & Moler , W. F., “A theoretica’ study of...ATTN Donald Dubbert O1 CY ATTN Herbert Rend University of IllinoisDepartment of Electrical Engineering Develco Urbana , IL 61803 530 Logue Avenue O2CY

First-principles calculation of photo-induced electron transfer rate constants in phthalocyanine-C60 organic photovoltaic materials: Beyond Marcus theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Myeong H.; Dunietz, Barry D.; Geva, Eitan

2014-03-01

Classical Marcus theory is commonly adopted in solvent-mediated charge transfer (CT) process to obtain the CT rate constant, but it can become questionable when the intramolecular vibrational modes dominate the CT process as in OPV devices because Marcus theory treats these modes classically and therefore nuclear tunneling is not accounted for. We present a computational scheme to obtain the electron transfer rate constant beyond classical Marcus theory. Within this approach, the nuclear vibrational modes are treated quantum-mechanically and a short-time approximation is avoided. Ab initio calculations are used to obtain the basic parameters needed for calculating the electron transfer rate constant. We apply our methodology to phthalocyanine(H2PC)-C60 organic photovoltaic system where one C60 acceptor and one or two H2PC donors are included to model the donor-acceptor interface configuration. We obtain the electron transfer and recombination rate constants for all accessible charge transfer (CT) states, from which the CT exciton dynamics is determined by employing a master equation. The role of higher lying excited states in CT exciton dynamics is discussed. This work is pursued as part of the Center for Solar and Thermal Energy Conversion, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under 390 Award No. DE-SC0000957.

Promoting Quality in NAVFAC (Naval Facilities Engineering Command) Construction.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-01-01

experience. Inspector Checklists To assist their field construction engineers, Owens - Corning Fiberglas Corporation, in conjunction with Texas A&M...that developed by Owens - Corning Fiberglas A I Corporation to assist government inspectors to maintain high - quality standards in their construction...105, No. C03 (September 1979), 187-199. Information in a letter to the author from D.R. Eberts, Quality Assurance Engineer, Owens - Corning Fiberglas

Implications of Marcus-Hush theory for steady-state heterogeneous electron transfer at an inlaid disk electrode.

PubMed

Feldberg, Stephen W

2010-06-15

For an outer-sphere heterogeneous electron transfer, Ox + e = Red, between an electrode and a redox couple, the Butler-Volmer formalism predicts that the operative heterogeneous rate constant, k(red) (cm s(-1)) for reduction (or k(ox) for oxidation) increases without limit as an exponential function of -alpha (E - E(0)) for reduction (or (1 - alpha)(E - E(0)) for oxidation), where E is the applied electrode potential, alpha (~1/2) is the transfer coefficient and E(0) is the formal potential. The Marcus-Hush formalism, as exposited by Chidsey (Chidsey, C. E. D. Science 1991, 215, 919), predicts that the value of k(red) or k(ox) limits at sufficiently large values of -(E - E(0)) or (E - E(0)). The steady-state currents at an inlaid disk electrode obtained for a redox species in solution were computed using both formalisms with the Oldham-Zoski approximation (Oldham, K. B.; Zoski, C. G. J. Electroanal. Chem. 1988, 256, 11). Significant differences are noted for the two formalisms. When k(0)r(0)/D is sufficiently small (k(0) is the standard rate constant, r(0) is the radius of the disk electrode, and D is the diffusion coefficient of the redox species), the Marcus-Hush formalism effects a limiting current that can be significantly smaller than the mass transport limited current. This is easily explained in terms of the limiting values of k(red) and k(ox) predicted by the Marcus-Hush formalism. The experimental conditions that must be met to effect significant differences in behavior are discussed; experimental conditions that effect virtually identical behavior are also discussed. As a caveat for experimentalists, applications of the Butler-Volmer formalism to systems that are more properly described using the Marcus-Hush formalism are shown to yield incorrect values of k(0) and meaningless values of alpha, which serves only as a fitting parameter.

Marcus Bell-Shaped Electron Transfer Kinetics Observed in an Arrhenius Plot.

PubMed

Waskasi, Morteza M; Kodis, Gerdenis; Moore, Ana L; Moore, Thomas A; Gust, Devens; Matyushov, Dmitry V

2016-07-27

The Marcus theory of electron transfer predicts a bell-shaped dependence of the reaction rate on the reaction free energy. The top of the "inverted parabola" corresponds to zero activation barrier when the electron-transfer reorganization energy and the reaction free energy add up to zero. Although this point has traditionally been reached by altering the chemical structures of donors and acceptors, the theory suggests that it can also be reached by varying other parameters of the system including temperature. We find here dramatic evidence of this phenomenon from experiments on a fullerene-porphyrin dyad. Following photoinduced electron transfer, the rate of charge recombination shows a bell-shaped dependence on the inverse temperature, first increasing with cooling and then decreasing at still lower temperatures. This non-Arrhenius rate law is a result of a strong, approximately hyperbolic temperature variation of the reorganization energy and the reaction free energy. Our results provide potentially the cleanest confirmation of the Marcus energy gap law so far since no modification of the chemical structure is involved.

Charge transfer kinetics at the solid-solid interface in porous electrodes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bai, Peng; Bazant, Martin Z.

2014-04-01

Interfacial charge transfer is widely assumed to obey the Butler-Volmer kinetics. For certain liquid-solid interfaces, the Marcus-Hush-Chidsey theory is more accurate and predictive, but it has not been applied to porous electrodes. Here we report a simple method to extract the charge transfer rates in carbon-coated LiFePO4 porous electrodes from chronoamperometry experiments, obtaining curved Tafel plots that contradict the Butler-Volmer equation but fit the Marcus-Hush-Chidsey prediction over a range of temperatures. The fitted reorganization energy matches the Born solvation energy for electron transfer from carbon to the iron redox site. The kinetics are thus limited by electron transfer at the solid-solid (carbon-LixFePO4) interface rather than by ion transfer at the liquid-solid interface, as previously assumed. The proposed experimental method generalizes Chidsey’s method for phase-transforming particles and porous electrodes, and the results show the need to incorporate Marcus kinetics in modelling batteries and other electrochemical systems.

Access to enhanced differences in Marcus-Hush and Butler-Volmer electron transfer theories by systematic analysis of higher order AC harmonics.

PubMed

Stevenson, Gareth P; Baker, Ruth E; Kennedy, Gareth F; Bond, Alan M; Gavaghan, David J; Gillow, Kathryn

2013-02-14

The potential-dependences of the rate constants associated with heterogeneous electron transfer predicted by the empirically based Butler-Volmer and fundamentally based Marcus-Hush formalisms are well documented for dc cyclic voltammetry. However, differences are often subtle, so, presumably on the basis of simplicity, the Butler-Volmer method is generally employed in theoretical-experimental comparisons. In this study, the ability of Large Amplitude Fourier Transform AC Cyclic Voltammetry to distinguish the difference in behaviour predicted by the two formalisms has been investigated. The focus of this investigation is on the difference in the profiles of the first to sixth harmonics, which are readily accessible when a large amplitude of the applied ac potential is employed. In particular, it is demonstrated that systematic analysis of the higher order harmonic responses in suitable kinetic regimes provides predicted deviations of Marcus-Hush from Butler-Volmer behaviour to be established from a single experiment under conditions where the background charging current is minimal.

Charge-transfer mechanism for electrophilic aromatic nitration and nitrosation via the convergence of (ab initio) molecular-orbital and Marcus-Hush theories with experiments.

PubMed

Gwaltney, Steven R; Rosokha, Sergiy V; Head-Gordon, Martin; Kochi, Jay K

2003-03-19

The highly disparate rates of aromatic nitrosation and nitration, despite the very similar (electrophilic) properties of the active species: NO(+) and NO(2)(+) in Chart 1, are quantitatively reconciled. First, the thorough mappings of the potential-energy surfaces by high level (ab initio) molecular-orbital methodologies involving extensive coupled-cluster CCSD(T)/6-31G optimizations establish the intervention of two reactive intermediates in nitration (Figure 8) but only one in nitrosation (Figure 7). Second, the same distinctive topologies involving double and single potential-energy minima (Figures 6 and 5) also emerge from the semiquantitative application of the Marcus-Hush theory to the transient spectral data. Such a striking convergence from quite different theoretical approaches indicates that the molecular-orbital and Marcus-Hush (potential-energy) surfaces are conceptually interchangeable. In the resultant charge-transfer mechanism, the bimolecular interactions of arene donors with both NO(+) and NO(2)(+) spontaneously lead (barrierless) to pi-complexes in which electron transfer is concurrent with complexation. Such a pi-complex in nitration is rapidly converted to the sigma-complex, whereas this Wheland adduct in nitrosation merely represents a high energy (transition-state) structure. Marcus-Hush analysis thus demonstrates how the strongly differentiated (arene) reactivities toward NO(+) and NO(2)(+) can actually be exploited in the quantitative development of a single coherent (electron-transfer) mechanism for both aromatic nitrosation and nitration.

Rocket flight performance of a preprototype Apollo 17 UV spectrometer S-169

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fastie, W. G.

1971-01-01

The design, construction, testing, calibration, flight performance and flight data of an Ebert ultraviolet spectrometer are described which is an accurate representation of the conceptual design of the Apollo 17 UV spectrometer. The instrument was flown in an Aerobee 350 rocket from Wallops Island, Va., at 7:10 p.m. EDT on June 10, 1971 to an altitude of 328 km with a solar elevation angle of about 11 deg.

Tissue Engineered Testicular Prostheses With Prolonged Testosterone Release

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-12-01

inguinal lymph nodes from a leaking testicular prosthesis: a cause for chronic fatigue? BJU Int., 86, 1090. Ebert, T ., F. Jockenhovel, A. Morales, and R ...NaOH, hydroxyproline oxidation was initiated by adding 1 ml chloramine- T to the extract. After gentle mixing and incubation for 20 minutes, the...chloramine- T was destroyed by addition of 1 ml perchloric acid to each tube. Finally, 1 ml p- dimethylamino-benzaldehyde solution was added and

Unified interpretation of exciplex formation and marcus electron transfer on the basis of two-dimensional free energy surfaces.

PubMed

Murata, Shigeo; Tachiya, M

2007-09-27

The mechanism of exciplex formation proposed in a previous paper has been refined to show how exciplex formation and Marcus electron transfer (ET) in fluorescence quenching are related to each other. This was done by making simple calculations of the free energies of the initial (DA*) and final (D+A-) states of ET. First it was shown that the decrease in D-A distance can induce intermolecular ET even in nonpolar solvents where solvent orientational polarization is absent, and that it leads to exciplex formation. This is consistent with experimental results that exciplex is most often observed in nonpolar solvents. The calculation was then extended to ET in polar solvents where the free energies are functions of both D-A distance and solvent orientational polarization. This enabled us to discuss both exciplex formation and Marcus ET in the same D-A pair and solvent on the basis of 2-dimensional free energy surfaces. The surfaces contain more information about the rates of these reactions, the mechanism of fluorescence quenching by ET, etc., than simple reaction schemes. By changing the parameters such as the free energy change of reaction, solvent dielectric constants, etc., one can construct the free energy surfaces for various systems. The effects of free energy change of reaction and of solvent polarity on the mechanism and relative importance of exciplex formation and Marcus ET in fluorescence quenching can be well explained. The free energy surface will also be useful for discussion of other phenomena related to ET reactions.

Comparison of the Marcus and Pekar partitions in the context of non-equilibrium, polarizable-continuum solvation models

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

You, Zhi-Qiang; Herbert, John M., E-mail: herbert@chemistry.ohio-state.edu; Mewes, Jan-Michael

2015-11-28

The Marcus and Pekar partitions are common, alternative models to describe the non-equilibrium dielectric polarization response that accompanies instantaneous perturbation of a solute embedded in a dielectric continuum. Examples of such a perturbation include vertical electronic excitation and vertical ionization of a solution-phase molecule. Here, we provide a general derivation of the accompanying polarization response, for a quantum-mechanical solute described within the framework of a polarizable continuum model (PCM) of electrostatic solvation. Although the non-equilibrium free energy is formally equivalent within the two partitions, albeit partitioned differently into “fast” versus “slow” polarization contributions, discretization of the PCM integral equations failsmore » to preserve certain symmetries contained in these equations (except in the case of the conductor-like models or when the solute cavity is spherical), leading to alternative, non-equivalent matrix equations. Unlike the total equilibrium solvation energy, however, which can differ dramatically between different formulations, we demonstrate that the equivalence of the Marcus and Pekar partitions for the non-equilibrium solvation correction is preserved to high accuracy. Differences in vertical excitation and ionization energies are <0.2 eV (and often <0.01 eV), even for systems specifically selected to afford a large polarization response. Numerical results therefore support the interchangeability of the Marcus and Pekar partitions, but also caution against relying too much on the fast PCM charges for interpretive value, as these charges differ greatly between the two partitions, especially in polar solvents.« less

Marcus Theory of Ion-Pairing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Roy, Santanu; Baer, Marcel D.; Mundy, Christopher J.

We present a theory for ion pair dissociation and association, motivated by the concepts of the Marcus theory of electron transfer. Despite the extensive research on ion-pairing in many chemical and biological processes, much can be learned from the exploration of collective reaction coordinates. To this end, we explore two reaction coordinates, ion pair distance and coordination number. The study of the correlation between these reaction coordinates provides a new insight into the mechanism and kinetics of ion pair dissociation and association in water. The potential of mean force on these 2D-surfaces computed from molecular dynamics simulations of different monovalentmore » ion pairs reveal a Marcus-like mechanism for ion-pairing: Water molecules rearrange forming an activated coordination state prior to ion pair dissociation or association, followed by relaxation of the coordination state due to further water rearrangement. Like Marcus theory, we find the existence of an inverted region where the transition rates are slower with increasing exergonicity. This study provides a new perspective for the future investigations of ion-pairing and transport. SR, CJM, and GKS were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences. MDB was supported by MS3 (Materials Synthesis and Simulation Across Scales) Initiative, a Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). The research was performed using PNNL Institutional Computing. PNNL is a multi-program national laboratory operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy.« less

MD studies of electron transfer at ambient and elevated pressures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Giles, Alex; Spooner, Jacob; Weinberg, Noham

2013-06-01

The effect of pressure on the rate constants of outer-sphere electron transfer reactions has often been described using the Marcus-Hush theory. This theory agrees well with experiment when internal reorganization of the ionic system is negligible, however it does not offer a recipe for calculation of the effects that result from significant solute restructuring. We have recently developed a molecular dynamics technique that accurately describes structural dependence of molecular volumes in non-polar and weakly polar systems. We are now extending this approach to the case of highly polar ionic systems where both solvent and solute restructuring components are important. For this purpose we construct pressure-dependent two-dimensional surfaces for electron transfer reactions in coordinate system composed of interionic distance and Marcus-type solvent polarization coordinate, and use these surfaces to describe pressure effects on reaction kinetics. R.A. Marcus. J. Chem. Phys. 24, 966 (1956); 24, 979 (1956); 26, 867 (1957). Discuss. Faraday Soc. 29, 21 (1960). Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc. 74, 7 (1982); N.S. Hush. Trans. Faraday Soc. 57, 557 (1961).

SS Edgar M. Queeny collision with the Liberian S/T Corinthos, Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania, 31 January 1975. Marine casualty report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1977-10-27

At 0029, on January 31, 1975, the U.S. Registered tankship SS EDGAR M. QUEENY, laden with chemical and petroleum products, was maneuvering into Marcus Hook channel of the Delaware River in Pennsylvania, when it collided with the Liberian tanker S/T CORINTHOS which was moored and discharging a bulk cargo of crude oil at the British Petroleum Company dock. The port anchor of the QUEENY slightly penetrated the port side plating of the CORINTHOS at an angle of about 39 deg. into one or more of the wing cargo tanks, which were being pumped and were approximately half full. Almost immediately,more » a series of increasingly intense explosions began in the CORINTHOS, and the vessel was engulfed in flames. Twenty-six persons were killed or are missing and 11 were injured in this accident. The QUEENY suffered minor damage but the CORINTHOS was destroyed. The Delaware River was polluted by oil about Marcus Hook. Property damage was estimated to be $20 million.« less

Electrochemical reduction of carbon fluorine bond in 4-fluorobenzonitrile Mechanistic analysis employing Marcus Hush quadratic activation-driving force relation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muthukrishnan, A.; Sangaranarayanan, M. V.

2007-10-01

The reduction of carbon-fluorine bond in 4-fluorobenzonitrile in acetonitrile as the solvent, is analyzed using convolution potential sweep voltammetry and the dependence of the transfer coefficient on potential is investigated within the framework of Marcus-Hush quadratic activation-driving force theory. The validity of stepwise mechanism is inferred from solvent reorganization energy estimates as well as bond length calculations using B3LYP/6-31g(d) method. A novel method of estimating the standard reduction potential of the 4-fluorobenzonitrile in acetonitrile is proposed.

Communication: Standard surface hopping predicts incorrect scaling for Marcus' golden-rule rate: The decoherence problem cannot be ignored

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Landry, Brian R.; Subotnik, Joseph E.

2011-11-01

We evaluate the accuracy of Tully's surface hopping algorithm for the spin-boson model for the case of a small diabatic coupling parameter (V). We calculate the transition rates between diabatic surfaces, and we compare our results to the expected Marcus rates. We show that standard surface hopping yields an incorrect scaling with diabatic coupling (linear in V), which we demonstrate is due to an incorrect treatment of decoherence. By modifying standard surface hopping to include decoherence events, we recover the correct scaling (˜V2).

AGN Outflow Shocks on Bonnor–Ebert Spheres

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dugan, Zachary; Silk, Joseph; Rahman, Mubdi

Feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and subsequent jet cocoons and outflow bubbles can have a significant impact on star formation in the host galaxy. To investigate feedback physics on small scales, we perform hydrodynamic simulations of realistically fast AGN winds striking Bonnor–Ebert spheres and examine gravitational collapse and ablation. We test AGN wind velocities ranging from 300 to 3000 km s{sup −1} and wind densities ranging from 0.5 to 10 m {sub p} cm{sup −3}. We include heating and cooling of low- and high-temperature gas, self-gravity, and spatially correlated perturbations in the shock, with a maximum resolution of 0.01more » pc. We find that the ram pressure is the most important factor that determines the fate of the cloud. High ram pressure winds increase fragmentation and decrease the star formation rate, but they also cause star formation to occur on a much shorter timescale and with increased velocities of the newly formed stars. We find a threshold ram pressure of ∼2 × 10{sup −8} dyn cm{sup −2} above which stars are not formed because the resulting clumps have internal velocities large enough to prevent collapse. Our results indicate that simultaneous positive and negative feedback will be possible in a single galaxy, as AGN wind parameters will vary with location within a galaxy.« less

A spectrally tunable calibration source using Ebert-Fastie configuration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Xiaoxu; Li, Zhigang

2018-03-01

A novel spectrally tunable calibration source based on a digital micromirror device (DMD) and Ebert-Fastie optical configuration with two working modes (narrow-band mode and broad-band mode) was designed. The DMD is set on the image plane of the first spectral tuner, and controls the wavelength and intensity of the light reflected into the second spectral tuner by switching the micromirror array’s condition, which in turn controls the working mode of the spectrally tunable source. When working in narrow-band mode, the spectrally tunable source can be calibrated by a Gershun tube radiant power radiometer and a spectroradiometer. In broad-band mode, it can be used to calibrate optical instruments as a standard spectral radiance source. When using a xenon lamp as a light source, the stability of the spectrally tunable source is better than 0.5%, the minimum spectral bandwidth is 7 nm, and the uncertainty of the spectral radiance of the spectrally tunable source is estimated as 14.68% at 450 nm, 1.54% at 550 nm, and 1.48% at 654.6 nm. The uncertainty of the spectral radiance of the spectrally tunable source calibrated by the Gershun tube radiometer and spectroradiometer can be kept low during the radiometric calibration procedure so that it can meet the application requirement of optical quantitative remote sensing calibration.

"Abnormal" salt and solvent effects on anion/cation electron-transfer reactions: an interpretation based on Marcus-Hush treatment.

PubMed

Garcia-Fernandez, E; Prado-Gotor, R; Sanchez, F

2005-08-11

Salt and solvent effects on the kinetics of the reactions [Fe(CN)6]3- + [Ru(NH3)5pz](2+) right arrow over left arrow [Fe(CN)6]4- + [Ru(NH3)5pz]3+ (pz = pyrazine) have been studied through T-jump measurements. The forward and reverse reactions show different behaviors: "abnormal" salt and solvent effects in the first case and normal effects in the second one. These facts imply an asymmetric behavior of anion/cation reactions depending on the charge of the oxidant. The results can be rationalized by using the Marcus-Hush treatment for electron-transfer reactions.

Effect of viscosity on photoinduced electron transfer reaction: An observation of the Marcus inverted region in homogeneous solvents

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saini, Rajesh Kumar; Kuchlyan, Jagannath; Sarkar, Nilmoni

2016-09-01

The viscosity effect of homogeneous solvents on the dynamics of photoinduced electron transfer (PET) reaction among the coumarins and N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA) is investigated using steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. A bell shape Marcus inversion in the ET rates has been detected in the plot of ET rate constant (kq) with free energy change (ΔG0) in viscous solvents decanol and EG, but it is not observed in DMSO like low viscous solvent. We have also reported that there is no complex formation between the coumarin dye and DMA molecule by using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy.

Thermodynamic and spectroscopic speciation to explain the blackening process of hematite formed by atmospheric SO2 impact: the case of Marcus Lucretius House (Pompeii).

PubMed

Maguregui, Maite; Knuutinen, Ulla; Martínez-Arkarazo, Irantzu; Castro, Kepa; Madariaga, Juan M

2011-05-01

After many decades exposed to a polluted environment, in some areas of Marcus Lucretius House, there are clear signs that plasters and hematite pigments are suffering deterioration. In the exhaustive analysis of the black layer covering the red pigment hematite it was possible to identify magnetite (Fe(3)O(4)) as responsible for the black colour, which always appears in combination with gypsum. Thermodynamic modelling stated that the presence of gypsum as well as the transformation of hematite into magnetite is a consequence of the attack of atmospheric SO(2).

"East side story": on being an epidemiologist in the former USSR: an interview with Marcus Klingberg.

PubMed

Klingberg, Marcus

2006-01-01

Marcus Klingberg was born on 7 October 1918, in Warsaw, Poland, into a Hasidic, rabbinical family. After the Nazi invasion of Poland, he escaped to the USSR where he trained and worked as an epidemiologist from 1939 to 1945. For 35 years after the war, he continued his professional work in Israel. The harsh conditions within the Soviet Union during World War II provided a challenging setting for epidemiologic work-a setting that has remained largely hidden from Western view. In this interview, Klingberg describes his work as an epidemiologist in the USSR and his subsequent encounter with Western epidemiology.

Delaware River water quality Bristol to Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania, August 1949 to December 1963

USGS Publications Warehouse

Keighton, Walter B.

1965-01-01

During the 14-year period from August 1949 to July 1963, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the city of Philadelphia, collected samples of river water once each month in the 43-mile reach of the Delaware River from Bristol to Marcus Hook, Pa., and daily at Trenton, 10 miles upstream from Bristol. This part of the Delaware is an estuary into which salt water is brought by tides; fresh water flows into the estuary at Trenton, NJ, and farther downstream from the Schuylkill River and other tributaries of the Delaware. In March, April, and May, when fresh-water flow is high, the average concentration of dissolved solids in the water at Bristol was 76 ppm (parts per million), and at Marcus Hook 112 PPM In August and September, streamflow is lower, and the average concentration of dissolved solids increased to 117 PPM at Bristol and 804 PPM at Marcus Hook. Major salinity invasions of the Delaware River occurred in 1949, 1953, 1954, 1957, and 1963. In each of these years the fresh-water flow into the tidal river at Trenton was low during the period from July to October. The greatest dissolved-solids concentrations in these monthly samples were 160 PPM at Bristol and 4,000 PPM at Marcus Hook. At times the dissolved-oxygen concentration of the river water has become dangerously low, especially in that reach of the river between Wharton Street and League Island. At the Benjamin Franklin Bridge, one-third of the samples of river water were less than 30 percent saturated with oxygen; however, no trend, either for better or for worse, was apparent during the 14-year period. It is useful now to summarize these monthly analyses for the period 1949-63 even though a much more detailed description of water quality in this reach of the estuary will soon become available through the use of recording instrumental conditions. This compendium of water-quality data is useful as an explicit statement of water quality during the 14-year study period and is valuable for directing attention to water-quality problems for selecting instrument sites, and for making comparative studies with the more detailed information which is already being obtained with the aid of recording instruments.

Eros and Thanatos: A Nondualistic Interpretation: The Dynamic of Drives in Personal and Civilizational Development From Freud to Marcuse.

PubMed

Kli, Maria

2018-02-01

The Freudian theory of drives gave prominence to the idea that there is an inherent principle of entropy, a tendency for dissolution of life, referred to as the Death drive, or Thanatos. Freud recognized a counterbalancing tendency for sustaining life, known as the Life drive, or Eros. The psychoanalytical expounding of the struggle of Eros and Thanatos in the context of the civilizational process sparked the philosophical critique of civilization. Although Freud tended to consider repression an indispensable dimension of this process, the author proposes in this paper that Herbert Marcuse's political critique took Freud's metapsychology further philosophically, suggesting a nondualistic interpretation of Freud's position.

Chemical characteristics of Delaware River water, Trenton, New Jersey, to Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania

USGS Publications Warehouse

Durfor, Charles N.; Keighton, Walter B.

1954-01-01

This progress report gives the results of an investigation of the quality of water in the Delaware River from Trenton, N. J. to Marcus Hook, Pa., for the period August 1949 to December 1952. The Delaware River is the principal source of water for the many industries and municipal water supplies along this reach of the river and both industries and municipalities use it for the disposal of their wastes. Consequently, a study of the quality of the water and variations in the quality caused by changes in streamflow, tidal effects, pollution and other factors is important to the many users. In both New Jersey and Pennsylvania steps are being taken to abate pollution, thus it is of more than passing interest to measure the effects of waste treatment on the quality of the Delaware River water. At average or higher rates of streamflow the mineral content of the water increases slightly from Trenton to Marcus Hook. There is little variation in the concentration of dissolved minerals from bank to bank or from top to bottom of the river. At times of protracted low rates of flow the effect of ocean water mixing with the river water may be noted as far upstream as Philadelphia. At such times the salinity is often greater near the bottom of the river than near the top. The increase in chloride concentration upstream from Philadelphia is small compared to the rapid increase downstream from Philadelphia. Temperatures of offshore water vary with the season, but on a given day are substantially uniform throughout the reach of the river from Trenton to Marcus Hook. The water contains less dissolved oxygen as it flows downstream indicating that oxygen is being consumed by oxidizable matter. From Philadelphia downstream there are periods, especially in late summer, when the dissolved oxygen is barely sufficient to meet the oxygen demands of the pollution load.

Predicting Accurate Electronic Excitation Transfer Rates via Marcus Theory with Boys or Edmiston-Ruedenberg Localized Diabatization †

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Subotnik, Joseph E.; Vura-Weis, Josh; Sodt, Alex J.

We model the triplet-triplet energy-transfer experiments from the Closs group [Closs, G. L.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 2652.] using a combination of Marcus theory and either Boys or Edmiston-Ruedenberg localized diabatization, and we show that relative and absolute rates of electronic excitation transfer may be computed successfully. For the case where both the donor and acceptor occupy equatorial positions on a rigid cyclohexane bridge, we find βcalc = 2.8 per C-C bond, compared with the experimental value βexp = 2.6. This work highlights the power of using localized diabatization methods as a tool for modeling nonequilibriummore » processes.« less

Predicting Accurate Electronic Excitation Transfer Rates via Marcus Theory with Boys or Edmiston-Ruedenberg Localized Diabatization

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Subotnik, Joseph E.; Vura-Weis, Josh; Sodt, Alex J.

We model the triplet-triplet energy-transfer experiments from the Closs group [Closs, G. L.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 2652.] using a combination of Marcus theory and either Boys or Edmiston-Ruedenberg localized diabatization, and we show that relative and absolute rates of electronic excitation transfer may be computed successfully. For the case where both the donor and acceptor occupy equatorial positions on a rigid cyclohexane bridge, we find β calc = 2.8 per C-C bond, compared with the experimental value β exp = 2.6. This work highlights the power of using localized diabatization methods as a tool formore » modeling nonequilibrium processes.« less

On the relation between Marcus theory and ultrafast spectroscopy of solvation kinetics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Roy, Santanu; Galib, Mirza; Schenter, Gregory K.

The phenomena of solvent exchange control the process of solvating ions, protons, and charged molecules. Building upon our extension of Marcus’ philosophy of electron transfer, here we provide a new perspective of ultrafast solvent exchange mechanism around ions measurable by two-dimensional infrared (2DIR) spectroscopy. In this theory, solvent rearrangement drives an ion-bound water to an activated state of higher coordination number, triggering ion-water separation that leads to the solvent-bound state of the water molecule. This ion-bound to solvent-bound transition rate for a BF 4 --water system is then computed using ab initio molecular dynamics and Marcus theory, and is foundmore » to be in excellent agreement with the 2DIR measurement.« less

On the relation between Marcus theory and ultrafast spectroscopy of solvation kinetics

DOE PAGES

Roy, Santanu; Galib, Mirza; Schenter, Gregory K.; ...

2017-12-24

The phenomena of solvent exchange control the process of solvating ions, protons, and charged molecules. Building upon our extension of Marcus’ philosophy of electron transfer, here we provide a new perspective of ultrafast solvent exchange mechanism around ions measurable by two-dimensional infrared (2DIR) spectroscopy. In this theory, solvent rearrangement drives an ion-bound water to an activated state of higher coordination number, triggering ion-water separation that leads to the solvent-bound state of the water molecule. This ion-bound to solvent-bound transition rate for a BF 4 --water system is then computed using ab initio molecular dynamics and Marcus theory, and is foundmore » to be in excellent agreement with the 2DIR measurement.« less

On the relation between Marcus theory and ultrafast spectroscopy of solvation kinetics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Roy, Santanu; Galib, Mirza; Schenter, Gregory K.

The phenomena of solvent exchange control the process of solvating ions, protons, and charged molecules. Building upon our extension of Marcus’ philosophy of electron transfer, we provide a new perspective of ultrafast solvent exchange mechanism around ions measurable by two-dimensional infrared (2DIR) spectroscopy. In this theory, solvent rearrangement drives an ion-bound water to an activated state of higher coordination number, triggering ion-water separation that leads to the solvent-bound state of the water molecule. This ion-bound to solvent-bound transition rate for a BF4- water system is computed using ab initio molecular dynamics and Marcus theory, and is found to be inmore » excellent agreement with the 2DIR measurement.« less

Dynamics of a Chlorophyll Dimer in Collective and Local Thermal Environments

DOE PAGES

Merkli, M.; Berman, Gennady Petrovich; Sayre, Richard Thomas; ...

2016-01-30

Here we present a theoretical analysis of exciton transfer and decoherence effects in a photosynthetic dimer interacting with collective (correlated) and local (uncorrelated) protein-solvent environments. Our approach is based on the framework of the spin-boson model. We derive explicitly the thermal relaxation and decoherence rates of the exciton transfer process, valid for arbitrary temperatures and for arbitrary (in particular, large) interaction constants between the dimer and the environments. We establish a generalization of the Marcus formula, giving reaction rates for dimer levels possibly individually and asymmetrically coupled to environments. We identify rigorously parameter regimes for the validity of the generalizedmore » Marcus formula. The existence of long living quantum coherences at ambient temperatures emerges naturally from our approach.« less

Local support against gravity in magnetoturbulent fluids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schmidt, W.; Collins, D. C.; Kritsuk, A. G.

2013-06-01

Comparisons of the integrated thermal pressure support of gas against its gravitational potential energy lead to critical mass scales for gravitational instability such as the Jeans and the Bonnor-Ebert masses, which play an important role in the analysis of many physical systems, including the heuristics of numerical simulations. In a strict theoretical sense, however, neither the Jeans nor the Bonnor-Ebert mass is meaningful when applied locally to substructure in a self-gravitating turbulent medium. For this reason, we investigate the local support by thermal pressure, turbulence and magnetic fields against gravitational compression through an approach that is independent of these concepts. At the centre of our approach is the dynamical equation for the divergence of the velocity field. We carry out a statistical analysis of the source terms of the local compression rate (the negative time derivative of the divergence) for simulations of forced self-gravitating turbulence in periodic boxes with zero, weak and moderately strong mean magnetic fields (measured by the averages of the magnetic and thermal pressures). We also consider the amplification of the magnetic field energy by shear and by compression. Thereby, we are able to demonstrate that the support against gravity is dominated by thermal pressure fluctuations, although magnetic pressure also yields a significant contribution. The net effect of turbulence in the highly supersonic regime, however, is to enhance compression rather than supporting overdense gas even if the vorticity is very high. This is incommensurate with the support of the highly dynamical substructures in magnetoturbulent fluids being determined by local virial equilibria of volume energies without surface stresses.

Simultaneous gas-phase and total water detection for airborne applications with a multi-channel TDL spectrometer at 1.4 μm and 2.6 μm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buchholz, Bernhard; Afchine, Armin; Klein, Alexander; Barthel, Jochen; Kallweit, Sören; Klostermann, Tim; Krämer, Martina; Schiller, Cornelius; Ebert, Volker

2013-04-01

Water vapor measurements especially within clouds are difficult, in particular due to numerous instrument-specific limitations in precision, time resolution and accuracy. Notably the quantification of the ice and gas-phase water content in cirrus clouds, which play an important role in the global climate system, require new high-speed hygrometers concepts which are capable of resolving large water vapor gradients. Previously we demonstrated a stationary concept of a Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS)-based quantification of the ice/liquid water by independent, but simultaneous measurements of A) the gas-phase water in an open-path configuration (optical-path 125 m) and B) the total water in an extractive version with a closed cell (30 m path) after evaporating the condensed water [1]. In this case we used laboratory TDLAS instrumentation in combination with a long absorption paths and applied those to the AIDA cloud camber [2]. Recently we developed an advanced, miniature version of the concept, suitable for mobile field applications and in particular for use on aircrafts. First tests of our new, fiber-coupled open-path TDLAS cell [3] for airborne applications were combined with the experiences of our extractive SEALDH instruments [4] and led to a new, multi-channel, "multi-phase TDL-hygrometer" called "HAI" ("Hygrometer for Atmospheric Investigations"). HAI, which is explicitly designed for the new German HALO (High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft) airplane, provides a similar, but improved functionality like the stationary, multi-phase TDLAS developed for AIDA. However HAI comes in a much more compact, six height units, 30 kg, electronics rack for the main unit and with a new, completely fiber-coupled, compact, 21 kg, dual-wavelength open-path TDL-cell which is placed in the aircraft's skin. HAI is much more complex and versatile than the AIDA precursor and can be seen as comprised of four TDL-spectrometers, as it simultaneously measures with two independent wavelengths (1.4 μm for troposphere and 2.6 μm for UT/LS to permit full coverage of water vapor concentrations from ground level to the stratosphere) both of which are applied to two measurement scenarios: A) in two independent extractive, closed cells (1.5 m path, 300 ccm cell volume) for redundant total water measurements at 1.4 and 2.6 μm and B) in a dual-wavelength open path cell (4.3 m path length) for a selective gas phase water detection. All HAI channels, but the 2.6 μm closed cell, are fibred-coupled. Depending on the sampling inlet (forward direction, ram pressure borrowed) we achieve in the closed cells a flow of 7 slm at 120 hPa which leads with a bulk flow assumption to a gas exchange time of 0.3 sec. Both lasers are synchronized and wavelength tuned at repetition frequencies of up to 1 kHz depending on the spatial resolution needed. HAI runs autonomous [5] allowing almost maintenance-free operation even in harsh environments. HAI is further combined with our long-term experience in TDLAS data evaluation [6] especially in rapidly changing and disturbed processes [7], [8] which leads to a highly precise, long term stable, fast, accurate, calibration-free, interference resistant hygrometer which can help to clarify several important issues - both from a technical perspective (e.g. influence of sampling system) as well as from a scientific view (e.g. determination ice-content of cirrus clouds). In the presentation we will discuss HAI's novel setup, its performance during the first tests, and show results from the first successful flights on HALO during the TACTS and EMSVAL campaigns in 2012. The HAI development was funded by DFG within the HALO-SPP 1294 and via internal funds from FZJ. - [1] B. J. Murray, T. W. Wilson, S. Dobbie, Z. Cui, S. M. R. K. Al-Jumur, O. Möhler, M. Schnaiter, R. Wagner, S. Benz, M. Niemand, H. Saathoff, V. Ebert, S. Wagner, and B. Kärcher, "Heterogeneous nucleation of ice particles on glassy aerosols under cirrus conditions," Nature Geoscience, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 233-237, Mar. 2010. [2] V. Ebert, C. Lauer, H. Saathoff, S. Hunsmann, and S. Wagner, "Simultaneous, absolute gas-phase and total water detection during cloud formation studies in the AIDA chamber using a dual 1.37 μm TDL-Spectrometer," Geophysical Research Abstracts, vol. 10, pp. 1-2, 2008. [3] T. Klostermann, Entwicklung und Erprobung des Hygrometer for Atmospheric Investigations, PhD Thesis, Universität Wuppertal, 2011, p. 118 [4] B. Buchholz, B. Kühnreich, H. G. J. Smit, and V. Ebert, "Validation of an extractive, airborne, compact TDL spectrometer for atmospheric humidity sensing by blind intercomparison," Applied Physics B, Sep. 2012. DOI: 10.1007/s00340-012-5143-1 [5] B. Buchholz, "Neue Hard- und Softwareentwicklungen für autonome, kompakte und leichte Feld-Diodenlaserspektrometer," Diploma thesis, Universität Heidelberg, 2010. [6] V. Ebert and J. Wolfrum, "Absorption spectroscopy," in OPTICAL MEASUREMENTS-Techniques and Applications, ed. F. Mayinger, Springer, 1994, pp. 273-312. [7] C. Schulz, A. Dreizler, V. Ebert, and J. Wolfrum, "Combustion Diagnostics," in Handbook of Experimental Fluid Mechanics, C. Tropea, A. L. Yarin, and J. F. Foss, Eds. Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007, pp. 1241-1316. [8] V. Ebert, T. Fernholz, C. Giesemann, H. Pitz, H. Teichert, J. Wolfrum, and H. Jaritz, "Simultaneous diode-laser-based in situ detection of multiple species and temperature in a gas-fired power plant," Proc. Combust. Inst., 28, 1, pp. 423-430, 2000.

Structure and Dynamics of Solvent Landscapes in Charge-Transfer Reactions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leite, Vitor B. Pereira

The dynamics of solvent polarization plays a major role in the control of charge transfer reactions. The success of Marcus theory describing the solvent influence via a single collective quadratic polarization coordinate has been remarkable. Onuchic and Wolynes have recently proposed (J. Chem Phys 98 (3) 2218, 1993) a simple model demonstrating how a many-dimensional-complex model composed by several dipole moments (representing solvent molecules or polar groups in proteins) can be reduced under the appropriate limits into the Marcus Model. This work presents a dynamical study of the same model, which is characterized by two parameters, an average dipole-dipole interaction as a term associated with the potential energy landscape roughness. It is shown why the effective potential, obtained using a thermodynamic approach, is appropriate for the dynamics of the system. At high temperatures, the system exhibits effective diffusive one-dimensional dynamics, where the Born-Marcus limit is recovered. At low temperatures, a glassy phase appears with a slow non-self-averaging dynamics. At intermediate temperatures, the concept of equivalent diffusion paths and polarization dependence effects are discussed. This approach is extended to treat more realistic solvent models. Real solvents are discussed in terms of simple parameters described above, and an analysis of how different regimes affect the rate of charge transfer is presented. Finally, these ideas are correlated to analogous problems in other areas.

Carrier mobility in double-helix DNA and RNA: A quantum chemistry study with Marcus-Hush theory.

PubMed

Wu, Tao; Sun, Lei; Shi, Qi; Deng, Kaiming; Deng, Weiqiao; Lu, Ruifeng

2016-12-21

Charge mobilities of six DNAs and RNAs have been computed using quantum chemistry calculation combined with the Marcus-Hush theory. Based on this simulation model, we obtained quite reasonable results when compared with the experiment, and the obtained charge mobility strongly depends on the molecular reorganization and electronic coupling. Besides, we find that hole mobilities are larger than electron mobilities no matter in DNAs or in RNAs, and the hole mobility of 2L8I can reach 1.09 × 10 -1 cm 2 V -1 s -1 which can be applied in the molecular wire. The findings also show that our theoretical model can be regarded as a promising candidate for screening DNA- and RNA-based molecular electronic devices.

A nonmonotonic dependence of standard rate constant on reorganization energy for heterogeneous electron transfer processes on electrode surface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Weilin; Li, Songtao; Zhou, Xiaochun; Xing, Wei; Huang, Mingyou; Lu, Tianhong; Liu, Changpeng

2006-05-01

In the present work a nonmonotonic dependence of standard rate constant (k0) on reorganization energy (λ) was discovered qualitatively from electron transfer (Marcus-Hush-Levich) theory for heterogeneous electron transfer processes on electrode surface. It was found that the nonmonotonic dependence of k0 on λ is another result, besides the disappearance of the famous Marcus inverted region, coming from the continuum of electronic states in electrode: with the increase of λ, the states for both Process I and Process II ET processes all vary from nonadiabatic to adiabatic state continuously, and the λ dependence of k0 for Process I is monotonic thoroughly, while for Process II on electrode surface the λ dependence of k0 could show a nonmonotonicity.

Carrier mobility in double-helix DNA and RNA: A quantum chemistry study with Marcus-Hush theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Tao; Sun, Lei; Shi, Qi; Deng, Kaiming; Deng, Weiqiao; Lu, Ruifeng

2016-12-01

Charge mobilities of six DNAs and RNAs have been computed using quantum chemistry calculation combined with the Marcus-Hush theory. Based on this simulation model, we obtained quite reasonable results when compared with the experiment, and the obtained charge mobility strongly depends on the molecular reorganization and electronic coupling. Besides, we find that hole mobilities are larger than electron mobilities no matter in DNAs or in RNAs, and the hole mobility of 2L8I can reach 1.09 × 10-1 cm2 V-1 s-1 which can be applied in the molecular wire. The findings also show that our theoretical model can be regarded as a promising candidate for screening DNA- and RNA-based molecular electronic devices.

Asymmetric Marcus-Hush theory for voltammetry.

PubMed

Laborda, Eduardo; Henstridge, Martin C; Batchelor-McAuley, Christopher; Compton, Richard G

2013-06-21

The current state-of-the-art in modeling the rate of electron transfer between an electroactive species and an electrode is reviewed. Experimental studies show that neither the ubiquitous Butler-Volmer model nor the more modern symmetric Marcus-Hush model are able to satisfactorily reproduce the experimental voltammetry for both solution-phase and surface-bound redox couples. These experimental deviations indicate the need for revision of the simplifying approximations used in the above models. Within this context, models encompassing asymmetry are considered which include different vibrational and solvation force constants for the electroactive species. The assumption of non-adiabatic electron transfer is also examined. These refinements have provided more satisfactory models of the electron transfer process and they enable us to gain more information about the microscopic characteristics of the system by means of simple electrochemical measurements.

Ab Initio Analysis of Auger-Assisted Electron Transfer.

PubMed

Hyeon-Deuk, Kim; Kim, Joonghan; Prezhdo, Oleg V

2015-01-15

Quantum confinement in nanoscale materials allows Auger-type electron-hole energy exchange. We show by direct time-domain atomistic simulation and analytic theory that Auger processes give rise to a new mechanism of charge transfer (CT) on the nanoscale. Auger-assisted CT eliminates the renown Marcus inverted regime, rationalizing recent experiments on CT from quantum dots to molecular adsorbates. The ab initio simulation reveals a complex interplay of the electron-hole and charge-phonon channels of energy exchange, demonstrating a variety of CT scenarios. The developed Marcus rate theory for Auger-assisted CT describes, without adjustable parameters, the experimental plateau of the CT rate in the region of large donor-acceptor energy gap. The analytic theory and atomistic insights apply broadly to charge and energy transfer in nanoscale systems.

Solar Mesosphere Explorer optical-mechanical systems engineering

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gause, K. A.; Stuart, J. R.

1979-01-01

Mission overview of the Solar Mesosphere Explorer is presented along with design analysis and summaries of results. The Solar Mesosphere Explorer is a spin stabilized satellite carrying a complement of four Ebert-Fastie spectrometers and a four-channel Mersenne radiometer. Description of the spectrometer is given including a telescope and its aberrations. The radiometer is also described with consideration given to isothermal and thermal design, a Winston paraboloid, and optical tolerances. These five instruments are for measuring the earth's ozone density and distribution and providing quantitative data about those processes which govern the formation and destruction of ozone.

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Vanishing Corrections for the Position in a Linear Model of FKPP Fronts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Berestycki, Julien; Brunet, Éric; Harris, Simon C.; Roberts, Matt

2017-02-01

Take the linearised FKPP equation {partialth = partial2xh + h} with boundary condition h( m( t), t) = 0. Depending on the behaviour of the initial condition h 0( x) = h( x, 0) we obtain the asymptotics—up to a o(1) term r( t)—of the absorbing boundary m( t) such that {ω(x) := lim_{tto∞} h(x + m(t) ,t)} exists and is non-trivial. In particular, as in Bramson's results for the non-linear FKPP equation, we recover the celebrated {-3/2 log t} correction for initial conditions decaying faster than {x^{ν}e^{-x}} for some {ν < -2}. Furthermore, when we are in this regime, the main result of the present work is the identification (to first order) of the r( t) term, which ensures the fastest convergence to {ω(x)}. When h 0( x) decays faster than {x^{ν}e^{-x}} for some {ν < -3}, we show that r( t) must be chosen to be {-3√{π/t}}, which is precisely the term predicted heuristically by Ebert-van Saarloos (Phys. D Nonlin. Phenom. 146(1): 1-99, 2000) in the non-linear case (see also Mueller and Munier Phys Rev E 90(4):042143, 2014, Henderson, Commun Math Sci 14(4):973-985, 2016, Brunet and Derrida Stat Phys 1-20, 2015). When the initial condition decays as {x^{ν}e^{-x}} for some {ν in [-3, -2)}, we show that even though we are still in the regime where Bramson's correction is {-3/2 log t}, the Ebert-van Saarloos correction has to be modified. Similar results were recently obtained by Henderson CommunMath Sci 14(4):973-985, 2016 using an analytical approach and only for compactly supported initial conditions.

Spitzer Observations of a 24 μm Shadow: Bok Globule CB 190

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stutz, Amelia M.; Bieging, John H.; Rieke, George H.; Shirley, Yancy L.; Balog, Zoltan; Gordon, Karl D.; Green, Elizabeth M.; Keene, Jocelyn; Kelly, Brandon C.; Rubin, Mark; Werner, Michael W.

2007-08-01

We present Spitzer observations of the dark globule CB 190 (LDN 771). We observe a roughly circular 24 μm shadow with a 70" radius. The extinction profile of this shadow matches the profile derived from 2MASS photometry at the outer edges of the globule and reaches a maximum of ~32 visual magnitudes at the center. The corresponding mass of CB 190 is ~10 Msolar. Our 12CO and 13CO J=2-1 data over a 10'×10' region centered on the shadow show a temperature ~10 K. The thermal continuum indicates a similar temperature for the dust. The molecular data also show evidence of freezeout onto dust grains. We estimate a distance to CB 190 of 400 pc using the spectroscopic parallax of a star associated with the globule. Bonnor-Ebert fits to the density profile, in conjunction with this distance, yield ξmax=7.2, indicating that CB 190 may be unstable. The high temperature (56 K) of the best-fit Bonnor-Ebert model is in contradiction with the CO and thermal continuum data, leading to the conclusion that the thermal pressure is not enough to prevent free-fall collapse. We also find that the turbulence in the cloud is inadequate to support it. However, the cloud may be supported by the magnetic field, if this field is at the average level for dark globules. Since the magnetic field will eventually leak out through ambipolar diffusion, it is likely that CB 190 is collapsing or in a late precollapse stage. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under NASA contract 1407.

A Critical Theory Perspective on Accelerated Learning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brookfield, Stephen D.

2003-01-01

Critically analyzes accelerated learning using concepts from Herbert Marcuse (rebellious subjectivity) and Erich Fromm (automaton conformity). Concludes that, by providing distance and separation, accelerated learning has more potential to stimulate critical autonomous thought. (SK)

A nonmonotonic dependence of standard rate constant on reorganization energy for heterogeneous electron transfer processes on electrode surface

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Xu Weilin; Li Songtao; Zhou Xiaochun

2006-05-07

In the present work a nonmonotonic dependence of standard rate constant (k{sup 0}) on reorganization energy ({lambda}) was discovered qualitatively from electron transfer (Marcus-Hush-Levich) theory for heterogeneous electron transfer processes on electrode surface. It was found that the nonmonotonic dependence of k{sup 0} on {lambda} is another result, besides the disappearance of the famous Marcus inverted region, coming from the continuum of electronic states in electrode: with the increase of {lambda}, the states for both Process I and Process II ET processes all vary from nonadiabatic to adiabatic state continuously, and the {lambda} dependence of k{sup 0} for Process Imore » is monotonic thoroughly, while for Process II on electrode surface the {lambda} dependence of k{sup 0} could show a nonmonotonicity.« less

Reactive trajectories of the Ru2+/3+ self-exchange reaction and the connection to Marcus' theory.

PubMed

Tiwari, Ambuj; Ensing, Bernd

2016-12-22

Outer sphere electron transfer between two ions in aqueous solution is a rare event on the time scale of first principles molecular dynamics simulations. We have used transition path sampling to generate an ensemble of reactive trajectories of the self-exchange reaction between a pair of Ru 2+ and Ru 3+ ions in water. To distinguish between the reactant and product states, we use as an order parameter the position of the maximally localised Wannier center associated with the transferring electron. This allows us to align the trajectories with respect to the moment of barrier crossing and compute statistical averages over the path ensemble. We compare our order parameter with two typical reaction coordinates used in applications of Marcus theory of electron transfer: the vertical gap energy and the solvent electrostatic potential at the ions.

[The Antonine plague].

PubMed

Haas, Charles

2006-01-01

During the reign of Marcus Aurelius, the Roman Empire was struck by a long and destructive epidemic. It began in Mesopotamia in late AD 165 or early AD 166 during Verus' Parthian campaign, and quickly spread to Rome. It lasted at least until the death of Marcus Aurelius in AD 180 and likely into the early part of Commodus' reign. Its victims were "innumerable". Galen had first-hand knowledge of the disease. He was in Rome when the plague reached the city in AD 166. He was also present during an outbreak among troops stationed at Aquileia during the winter of AD 168-169. His references to the plague are scattered and brief but enough information is available to firmly identify the plague as smallpox. His description of the exanthema is fairly typical of the smallpox rash, particularly in the hemorrhagic phase of the disease.

[The use of opium in Roman society and the dependence of Princeps Marcus Aurelius].

PubMed

Trancas, Bruno; Borja Santos, Nuno; Patrício, Luís D

2008-01-01

Opium was known and frequently used in Roman society. Medical practice recognized its usefulness as an analgesic, soporific, anti-tussic or anti-diarrheic agent, as well as other currently unsupported uses with quasi-magical properties. It was additionally used as an ingredient in antidotes, panaceas and poisons. The authors present a non-exhaustive compilation of opium use according to medical doctors, writers and encyclopaedists of the time. Mythological and literary representations of the opium poppy reflected its diverse roles, being associated with prosperity and fertility, sleep, death and the underworld and with the art of medicine. Despite its free and routine use, there is no solid evidence of addiction, except the putative case of emperor Marcus Aurelius, consistently reported as one of the most likely cases of addiction to opium.

Photoinduced electron transfer in an imidazolium ionic liquid and in its binary mixtures with water, methanol, and 2-propanol: appearance of Marcus-type of inversion.

PubMed

Sarkar, Souravi; Mandal, Sarthak; Ghatak, Chiranjib; Rao, Vishal Govind; Ghosh, Surajit; Sarkar, Nilmoni

2012-02-02

The photoinduced electron transfer (PET) reaction has been investigated in a room temperature imidazolium ionic liquid (RTIL), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate ([Emim][EtSO(4)]) and also in [Emim][EtSO(4)]-co-solvents mixtures from N,N-dimethyl aniline (DMA) to different Coumarin dyes using steady state and time-resolved fluorescence quenching measurements. We have used water and methanol and 2-propanol as the cosolvents of RTILs for the PET study. On going from neat ionic liquid to the RTIL-co-solvents mixtures the electron transfer rate has been largely enhanced. In neat RTIL as well as in [Emim][EtSO(4)]-co-solvents mixtures, a Marcus type of inversion in the PET rate have been observed.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

H. Nolen, S. Maxwell, R. Neri, J. Grab

This research effort sought to achieve a solution package that yields energy savings greater than 30 percent over the pre-existing conditions in a minimally intrusive multifamily retrofit project. The Consortium for Advanced Residential Buildings (CARB) partnered with L+M Development Partners, Inc. on a Mitchell-Lama Housing Program project, Marcus Garvey Village, in Brooklyn, NY (Climate Zone 4A). The Mitchell-Lama Housing Program is a form of housing subsidy in the state of New York that provides affordable rental and cooperative housing to moderate- and middle-income families. Marcus Garvey Village was founded in 1975 and contains 625 residential units (ranging from studios tomore » 5-bedroom units) in thirty-two 4-story garden-style apartment structures built with concrete and faced in light brown brick. The single largest challenge for implementation of energy conservation measures at Marcus Garvey was working within occupied spaces. Measures are being implemented in phases to minimize disruption. As of August 2015, the retrofit work is over 50 percent complete. The wall insulation, sealing of the through wall AC vent, and installation of new oil-filled electric baseboards with advanced controls are conducted at one time, limiting disruption to the living room space. In a similar fashion, the kitchen work is done, then the bathroom. The final selection of energy conservation measures is projected to save 26.5 percent in source energy with a cost just under $3.7 million and utility bill savings of nearly $480,000 (of an average $1.8 million annual utility cost for the development).« less

Large impact of reorganization energy on photovoltaic conversion due to interfacial charge-transfer transitions.

PubMed

Fujisawa, Jun-ichi

2015-05-14

Interfacial charge-transfer (ICT) transitions are expected to be a novel charge-separation mechanism for efficient photovoltaic conversion featuring one-step charge separation without energy loss. Photovoltaic conversion due to ICT transitions has been investigated using several TiO2-organic hybrid materials that show organic-to-inorganic ICT transitions in the visible region. In applications of ICT transitions to photovoltaic conversion, there is a significant problem that rapid carrier recombination is caused by organic-inorganic electronic coupling that is necessary for the ICT transitions. In order to solve this problem, in this work, I have theoretically studied light-to-current conversions due to the ICT transitions on the basis of the Marcus theory with density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations. An apparent correlation between the reported incident photon-to-current conversion efficiencies (IPCE) and calculated reorganization energies was clearly found, in which the IPCE increases with decreasing the reorganization energy consistent with the Marcus theory in the inverted region. This activation-energy dependence was systematically explained by the equation formulated by the Marcus theory based on a simple excited-state kinetic scheme. This result indicates that the reduction of the reorganization energy can suppress the carrier recombination and enhance the IPCE. The reorganization energy is predominantly governed by the structural change in the chemical-adsorption moiety between the ground and ICT excited states. This work provides crucial knowledge for efficient photovoltaic conversion due to ICT transitions.

The First Journalism School.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boyle, Diane

2000-01-01

Offers a brief look at the life of Marcus Walter Williams: his early life and education, his work life in journalism, and his founding of the first school of Journalism (located at the University of Missouri) in 1906. (SR)

A Faculty Trains Itself to Improve Student Discipline

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grantham, Marvin L.; Harris, Clifton S., Jr.

1976-01-01

The Marcus School staff feels that the best approach to discipline is a preventive one--the provision of a variety of educational and environmental alternatives that will interest, challenge, and motivate the pupil. (Author)

Phenomenological picture of fluctuations in branching random walks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mueller, A. H.; Munier, S.

2014-10-01

We propose a picture of the fluctuations in branching random walks, which leads to predictions for the distribution of a random variable that characterizes the position of the bulk of the particles. We also interpret the 1 /√{t } correction to the average position of the rightmost particle of a branching random walk for large times t ≫1 , computed by Ebert and Van Saarloos, as fluctuations on top of the mean-field approximation of this process with a Brunet-Derrida cutoff at the tip that simulates discreteness. Our analytical formulas successfully compare to numerical simulations of a particular model of a branching random walk.

The Ultraviolet Total Ozone Unit (TOU) IN-ORBIT PERFORMANCE AND CALIBRATION

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Yongmei; Fu, Liping; Zhang, Zhongmou

The Ultraviolet Total Ozone Unit (TOU) was launched on 27 May 2008 on FY-3 meteorological satellite. The main purpose of TOU is to measure the incident solar radiation and backscattered ultraviolet radiance for retrieving daily global map of atmospheric ozone. TOU is a fixed grating and slit-array Ebert-Fastie grating spectrograph system. It has the multi-wavelengths detecting and two-dimensional scanning which enables global daily ground coverage. This paper discusses the recent working status of the instrument, including the sensitivity, measuring precision of solar irradiance, diffuser degradation and wavelength drift, and then presents the in-flight calibration and performance results.

On Gaussian feedback capacity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dembo, Amir

1989-01-01

Pinsker and Ebert (1970) proved that in channels with additive Gaussian noise, feedback at most doubles the capacity. Cover and Pombra (1989) proved that feedback at most adds half a bit per transmission. Following their approach, the author proves that in the limit as signal power approaches either zero (very low SNR) or infinity (very high SNR), feedback does not increase the finite block-length capacity (which for nonstationary Gaussian channels replaces the standard notion of capacity that may not exist). Tighter upper bounds on the capacity are obtained in the process. Specializing these results to stationary channels, the author recovers some of the bounds recently obtained by Ozarow.

A Simple Geometric Model for the Marcus Theory of Proton Transfer

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McLennan, Duncan J.

1976-01-01

Uses the intersecting parabola model to derive an equation that relates the observed free energy of activation for a slow proton transfer to the overall thermodynamic free energy change in the reaction. (MLH)

78 FR 24798 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Vision

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-26

... exceeded the speed limit by 13 mph. Marcus R. Watkins Mr. Watkins, 50, has had a retinal detachment in his... vision to perform driving tasks required to operate a commercial vehicle.'' Mr. Watkins reported that he...

On the non-Arrhenius temperature dependence of the interwell electron tunneling rate in quasi two dimensional organic quantum wells

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jeong, I. S.; Scott, K.; Donovan, K. J.; Wilson, E. G.

2000-11-01

The tunneling rate of photocreated charge carriers between layers in Langmuir-Blodgett multilayer structures is measured indirectly using the novel technique of bimolecular recombination quenching. The tunneling rate is measured as a function of the applied electrostatic potential difference between the layers as the temperature is varied between 300 and 4 K. This dependence is examined in light of the Marcus theory of charge transfer where the electrostatic potential replaces the chemical potential as the driving potential. The expectations of the Marcus theory are not met and the rate is effectively temperature independent, contrary to expectation. Other mechanisms are explored that may explain the lack of temperature dependence including the role of high frequency vibrations and the role of the zero point energy of those vibrations. The temperature dependence of the exciton dissociation probability is also examined.

Adiabatic elimination for systems with inertia driven by compound Poisson colored noise.

PubMed

Li, Tiejun; Min, Bin; Wang, Zhiming

2014-02-01

We consider the dynamics of systems driven by compound Poisson colored noise in the presence of inertia. We study the limit when the frictional relaxation time and the noise autocorrelation time both tend to zero. We show that the Itô and Marcus stochastic calculuses naturally arise depending on these two time scales, and an extra intermediate type occurs when the two time scales are comparable. This leads to three different limiting regimes which are supported by numerical simulations. Furthermore, we establish that when the resulting compound Poisson process tends to the Wiener process in the frequent jump limit the Itô and Marcus calculuses, respectively, tend to the classical Itô and Stratonovich calculuses for Gaussian white noise, and the crossover type calculus tends to a crossover between the Itô and Stratonovich calculuses. Our results would be very helpful for understanding relevant experiments when jump type noise is involved.

Effects of tunnelling and asymmetry for system-bath models of electron transfer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mattiat, Johann; Richardson, Jeremy O.

2018-03-01

We apply the newly derived nonadiabatic golden-rule instanton theory to asymmetric models describing electron-transfer in solution. The models go beyond the usual spin-boson description and have anharmonic free-energy surfaces with different values for the reactant and product reorganization energies. The instanton method gives an excellent description of the behaviour of the rate constant with respect to asymmetry for the whole range studied. We derive a general formula for an asymmetric version of the Marcus theory based on the classical limit of the instanton and find that this gives significant corrections to the standard Marcus theory. A scheme is given to compute this rate based only on equilibrium simulations. We also compare the rate constants obtained by the instanton method with its classical limit to study the effect of tunnelling and other quantum nuclear effects. These quantum effects can increase the rate constant by orders of magnitude.

Model of a thin film optical fiber fluorosensor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Egalon, Claudio O.; Rogowski, Robert S.

1991-01-01

The efficiency of core-light injection from sources in the cladding of an optical fiber is modeled analytically by means of the exact field solution of a step-profile fiber. The analysis is based on the techniques by Marcuse (1988) in which the sources are treated as infinitesimal electric currents with random phase and orientation that excite radiation fields and bound modes. Expressions are developed based on an infinite cladding approximation which yield the power efficiency for a fiber coated with fluorescent sources in the core/cladding interface. Marcuse's results are confirmed for the case of a weakly guiding cylindrical fiber with fluorescent sources uniformly distributed in the cladding, and the power efficiency is shown to be practically constant for variable wavelengths and core radii. The most efficient fibers have the thin film located at the core/cladding boundary, and fibers with larger differences in the indices of refraction are shown to be the most efficient.

Impact of lightning on the lower ionosphere of Saturn and possible generation of Transient Luminous Events (TLEs)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Luque, Alejandro; Dubrovin, Daria; José Gordillo-Vázquez, Francisco; Ebert, Ute; Yair, Yoav; Price, Colin

2013-04-01

Radio observations [1] and, more recently, optical images from the Cassini spacecraft [2] have clearly established the existence of electrical storms in Saturn and constrained the possible altitude range and total dissipated energy of lightning strokes. Based on these observations, we here investigate the physical effects of lightning on the upper layers of Saturn's atmosphere. We first study the relevance of the conductivity profile of the lower Saturnian ionosphere and how the Maxwell relaxation time limits the amplitude and duration of the reduced electric fields. We implemented a simple, zero-dimensional model [3] that considers only the most relevant ionization reactions; we then applied this model to two conductivity profiles proposed in the literature [4, 5] and a range of possible amplitudes and durations of the driving stroke. Then we investigate the possibility that the lightning-induced ionization results in a field that is locally strong enough to ignite streamer discharges and thus form a sprite. A sprite would lead to localized but very intense fields potentially resulting in detectable optical emissions [6]. We model the possible sprite inception with a self-consistent, cylindrically symmetrical 3d transport code [7]. Finally we discuss the chemical impact of lightning-induced electric fields in the upper Saturnian atmosphere. We use a kinetic model where we implemented the most important reactions induced by energized electrons in a H2/He atmosphere. We thus investigate what species densities are significantly enhanced and what are the expected spectroscopical signatures of upper-atmospheric electricity in Saturn. [1] G. Fischer, M.D. Desch, P. Zarka, M.L. Kaiser, D.A. Gurnett, W.S. Kurth, W. Macher, HO Rucker, A. Lecacheux, W.M. Farrell, et al., Saturn lightning recorded by cassini/rpws in 2004. Icarus, 183(1):135, 2006. [2] U.A. Dyudina, A.P. Ingersoll, S.P. Ewald, C.C. Porco, G. Fischer, W.S. Kurth, and R.A. West, Detection of visible lightning on saturn. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37:L09205, 2010. [3] A. Luque and F.J. Gordillo-Vázquez, Mesospheric electric breakdown and delayed sprite ignition caused by electron detachment. Nature Geoscience, 5:22, 2011. [4] L.E. Moore, M. Mendillo, I.C.F. Müller-Wodarg, and D.L. Murr. Modeling of global variations and ring shadowing in saturn's ionosphere, Icarus, 172(2): 503-520, 2004. [5] M. Galand, L. Moore, B. Charnay, I. Mueller-Wodarg, and M. Mendillo. Solar primary and secondary ionization at Saturn, J. Geophys. Res., 114(A6): A06313, 2009. [6] D. Dubrovin, S. Nijdam, E. M. van Veldhuizen, U. Ebert, Y. Yair, and C. Price, Sprite discharges on venus and jupiter-like planets: A laboratory investigation. J. Geophys. Res., 115:A00E34, 2010. [7] A. Luque and U. Ebert, A. Luque and U. Ebert, Emergence of sprite streamers from screening-ionization waves in the lower ionosphere, Nature Geoscience 2, 757-760, 2009

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chęcińska, Agata; Heaney, Libby; Pollock, Felix A.

Motivated by a proposed olfactory mechanism based on a vibrationally activated molecular switch, we study electron transport within a donor-acceptor pair that is coupled to a vibrational mode and embedded in a surrounding environment. We derive a polaron master equation with which we study the dynamics of both the electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom beyond previously employed semiclassical (Marcus-Jortner) rate analyses. We show (i) that in the absence of explicit dissipation of the vibrational mode, the semiclassical approach is generally unable to capture the dynamics predicted by our master equation due to both its assumption of one-way (exponential) electronmore » transfer from donor to acceptor and its neglect of the spectral details of the environment; (ii) that by additionally allowing strong dissipation to act on the odorant vibrational mode, we can recover exponential electron transfer, though typically at a rate that differs from that given by the Marcus-Jortner expression; (iii) that the ability of the molecular switch to discriminate between the presence and absence of the odorant, and its sensitivity to the odorant vibrational frequency, is enhanced significantly in this strong dissipation regime, when compared to the case without mode dissipation; and (iv) that details of the environment absent from previous Marcus-Jortner analyses can also dramatically alter the sensitivity of the molecular switch, in particular, allowing its frequency resolution to be improved. Our results thus demonstrate the constructive role dissipation can play in facilitating sensitive and selective operation in molecular switch devices, as well as the inadequacy of semiclassical rate equations in analysing such behaviour over a wide range of parameters.« less

Retrofitting Garden-Style Apartments in Brooklyn, New York

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nolen, Heather; Maxwell, Sean; Neri, Robin

This research effort sought to achieve a solution package that yields energy savings greater than 30% over the pre-existing conditions in a minimally intrusive multifamily retrofit project. The Consortium for Advanced Residential Buildings (CARB) partnered with L+M Development Partners, Inc. on a Mitchell-Lama Housing Program project, Marcus Garvey Village, in Brooklyn, NY (Climate Zone 4A). The Mitchell-Lama Housing Program is a form of housing subsidy in the state of New York that provides affordable rental and cooperative housing to moderate- and middle-income families. Marcus Garvey Village was founded in 1975 and contains 625 residential units (ranging from studios to 5-bedroommore » units) in thirty-two 4-story garden-style apartment structures built with concrete and faced in light brown brick. The single largest challenge for implementation of energy conservation measures at Marcus Garvey was working within occupied spaces. Measures are being implemented in phases to minimize disruption. As of August 2015, the retrofit work is over 50% complete. The wall insulation, sealing of the through wall AC vent, and installation of new oil-filled electric baseboards with advanced controls are conducted at one time, limiting disruption to the living room space. In a similar fashion, the kitchen work is done, then the bathroom. The final selection of energy conservation measures is projected to save 26.5% in source energy with a cost just under $3.7 million and utility bill savings of nearly $480,000 (of an average $1.8 million annual utility cost for the development).« less

Building America Case Study: Retrofitting Garden-Style Apartments, Brooklyn, New York

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

This research effort sought to achieve a solution package that yields energy savings greater than 30 percent over the pre-existing conditions in a minimally intrusive multifamily retrofit project. The Consortium for Advanced Residential Buildings (CARB) partnered with L+M Development Partners, Inc. on a Mitchell-Lama Housing Program project, Marcus Garvey Village, in Brooklyn, NY (Climate Zone 4A). The Mitchell-Lama Housing Program is a form of housing subsidy in the state of New York that provides affordable rental and cooperative housing to moderate- and middle-income families. Marcus Garvey Village was founded in 1975 and contains 625 residential units (ranging from studios tomore » 5-bedroom units) in thirty-two 4-story garden-style apartment structures built with concrete and faced in light brown brick. The single largest challenge for implementation of energy conservation measures at Marcus Garvey was working within occupied spaces. Measures are being implemented in phases to minimize disruption. As of August 2015, the retrofit work is over 50 percent complete. The wall insulation, sealing of the through wall AC vent, and installation of new oil-filled electric baseboards with advanced controls are conducted at one time, limiting disruption to the living room space. In a similar fashion, the kitchen work is done, then the bathroom. The final selection of energy conservation measures is projected to save 26.5 percent in source energy with a cost just under $3.7 million and utility bill savings of nearly $480,000 (of an average $1.8 million annual utility cost for the development).« less

Racism and Surplus Repression.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Howard

1983-01-01

Explores the relationship between Herbert Marcuse's theory of "surplus repression" and Freud's theory of the "unconscious" with respect to latent, hidden, covert, or subliminal aspects of racism in the United States. Argues that unconscious racism, manifested in evasion/avoidance, acting out/projection, and attempted…

Remediation System Evaluation, SMS Instruments Superfund Site

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The SMS Instruments Superfund Site is located at 120 Marcus Boulevard in Deer Park, Suffolk County,New York. The site consists of a 34,000 square foot building located on a 1.5-acre lot that is surroundedby other light industrial facilities.

Australian DefenceScience. Volume 13, Number 2, Winter

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-01-01

has been marketing the OAVD technology through its Business and Commercialisation Office (BCO). Marcus Belder, Technology Commercialisation Manager...for ADF organisational structures, and training and education initiatives.” The inquiry process As one line of inquiry, the team has been carrying

Tuskegee Institute in the 1920's

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marable, Manning

1977-01-01

During the time of Marcus Garvey, the Harlem Renaissance and Southern black labor militancy, Tuskegee perpetuated a conservative social philosophy. This contradictory legacy set the stage for a confrontation between the black middle class of Tuskegee and a white racist society. (Author/GC)

Low-resolution ultraviolet spectroscopy of several hot stars observed from Apollo 17

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Henry, R. C.; Weinstein, A.; Feldman, P. D.; Fastie, W. G.; Moos, H. W.

1975-01-01

Low-resolution ultraviolet spectra were obtained for six early-type stars in 1972 December, using an Ebert spectrometer mounted in the service module of the Apollo 17 spacecraft. The spectrometer scanned from 1180 A to 1680 A, with a speed that varied with wavelength according to a program chosen for lunar studies. Spectral resolution was 11 A. The ultraviolet absolute calibration of the instrument was determined by comparison with National Bureau of Standards calibrated photodiodes, and is believed known to plus or minus 10 percent. The absolute intensities are in good general agreement with the observations of other stars and with the predictions of stellar model-atmosphere calculations.

STS-127 Crew Visit to Anne Beers Elementary

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-09-23

Students, including Marcus Pratt, left, and Ajani Young, second from left, pay close attention as the crew from STS-127 makes their presentation during a visit to Anne Beers Elementary school, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2009, in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Paul E. Alers)

Education on Trial. Strategies for the Future.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnston, William J., Ed.

Problems and opportunities in educational reform at all educational levels are considered in this collection of 18 articles. Titles and authors are as follows: Introduction (William J. Johnston); "Evidence of Decline in Educational Standards" (Philip N. Marcus); "Standards--by What Criteria?" (Francis Keppel); "Educational…

Firing back: how great leaders rebound after career disasters.

PubMed

Sonnenfeld, Jeffrey A; Ward, Andrew J

2007-01-01

Among the tests of a leader, few are more challenging-and more painful-than recovering from a career catastrophe. Most fallen leaders, in fact, don't recover. Still, two decades of consulting experience, scholarly research, and their own personal experiences have convinced the authors that leaders can triumph over tragedy--if they do so deliberately. Great business leaders have much in common with the great heroes of universal myth, and they can learn to overcome profound setbacks by thinking in heroic terms. First, they must decide whether or not to fight back. Either way, they must recruit others into their battle. They must then take steps to recover their heroic status, in the process proving, both to others and to themselves, that they have the mettle necessary to recover their heroic mission. Bernie Marcus exemplifies this process. Devastated after Sandy Sigoloff ired him from Handy Dan, Marcus decided to forgo the distraction of litigation and instead make the marketplace his batttleground. Drawing from his network of carefully nurtured relationships with both close and more distant acquaintances, Marcus was able to get funding for a new venture. He proved that he had the mettle, and recovered his heroic status, by building Home Depot, whose entrepreneurial spirit embodied his heroic mission. As Bank One's Jamie Dimon, J.Crew's Mickey Drexler, and even Jimmy Carter, Martha Stewart, and Michael Milken have shown, stunning comebacks are possible in all industries and walks of life. Whatever the cause of your predicament, it makes sense to get your story out. The alternative is likely to be long-lasting unemployment. If the facts of your dismissal cannot be made public because they are damning, then show authentic remorse. The public is often enormously forgiving when it sees genuine contrition and atonement.

Repressive Tolerance and the Practice of Adult Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brookfield, Stephen D.

2014-01-01

Herbert Marcuse's concept of repressive tolerance argues that behind the justification of tolerance lies the possibility of ideological domination. Tolerance allows intolerable practices to go unchallenged and flattens discussion to assume all viewpoints have equal validity. When alternative, dissenting views are inserted into the curriculum…

The Good Fight: from Plessy to Brown.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Quarles, Benjamin

1979-01-01

The work of Black leaders and organizations from 1896 to 1954 is reviewed. Discussed are Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. DuBois, the NAACP, the National Urban League, Marcus Garvey, Arthur A. Schomberg, Carter G. Woodson, Charles S. Johnson, and A. Philip Randolph. (MC)

Chemistry Research of Optical Fibers.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-09-27

BROADENING IN OPTICAL FIBERS Herbert B. Rosenstock* Naval Research Laboratory Washington, DC 20375 ABSTRACT A light pulse transmitted through a fiber...Marcatili, Marcuse , and Personick, "Dispersion Properties of Fibers" (Ch. 4 in "Optical Fiber Telecommunications," S. E. Miller and A. C. Chynoweth, eds

Tuning the driving force for exciton dissociation in single-walled carbon nanotube heterojunctions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ihly, Rachelle; Mistry, Kevin S.; Ferguson, Andrew J.

2016-04-25

Understanding the kinetics and energetics of interfacial electron transfer in molecular systems is crucial for the development of a broad array of technologies, including photovoltaics, solar fuel systems and energy storage. The Marcus formulation for electron transfer relates the thermodynamic driving force and reorganization energy for charge transfer between a given donor/acceptor pair to the kinetics and yield of electron transfer. Here we investigated the influence of the thermodynamic driving force for photoinduced electron transfer (PET) between single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and fullerene derivatives by employing time-resolved microwave conductivity as a sensitive probe of interfacial exciton dissociation. For the firstmore » time, we observed the Marcus inverted region (in which driving force exceeds reorganization energy) and quantified the reorganization energy for PET for a model SWCNT/acceptor system. The small reorganization energies (about 130 meV, most of which probably arises from the fullerene acceptors) are beneficial in minimizing energy loss in photoconversion schemes.« less

Broadband calibration of the R/V Marcus G. Langseth four-string seismic sources

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tolstoy, M.; Diebold, J.; Doermann, L.; Nooner, S.; Webb, S. C.; Bohnenstiehl, D. R.; Crone, T. J.; Holmes, R. C.

2009-08-01

The R/V Marcus G. Langseth is the first 3-D seismic vessel operated by the U.S. academic community. With up to a four-string, 36-element source and four 6-km-long solid state hydrophone arrays, this vessel promises significant new insights into Earth science processes. The potential impact of anthropogenic sound sources on marine life is an important topic to the marine seismic community. To ensure that operations fully comply with existing and future marine mammal permitting requirements, a calibration experiment was conducted in the Gulf of Mexico in 2007-2008. Results are presented from deep (˜1.6 km) and shallow (˜50 m) water sites, obtained using the full 36-element (6600 cubic inches) seismic source. This array configuration will require the largest safety radii, and the deep and shallow sites provide two contrasting operational environments. Results show that safety radii and the offset between root-mean-square and sound exposure level measurements were highly dependent on water depth.

Talking Circles Promote Equitable Discourse

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hung, Marcus

2015-01-01

Teachers facilitate math talk in the classroom, but introducing a structured discussion format called the "talking circle" can influence opportunities for equitable student participation. Drawing on his reflections over the 2013-14 academic year and reviewing his detailed teaching notes and lesson plans, Marcus Hung takes a close look at…

Education as Simulation Game: A Critical Hermeneutic.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palermo, James

1979-01-01

This paper examines a specific educational game called "Popcorn Factory." First, it gives a detailed description of the game, then shifts the description into a critical hermeneutical framework, analyzing the deep structures at work in the "Popcorn Factory" according to the theories of Freud and Marcuse. (Author/SJL)

Innovation and Creativity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

1998

This document contains four papers from a symposium on innovation and creativity and their relationship to human resource development (HRD). "Intrapreneurial Programs and Their Impact on Sales, Profit, and Return to Investors" (Melissa H. Marcus, Dennis G. Tesolowski, Clinton H. Isbell) reports on a study in which 100 of 217 randomly…

Critical Thinking as Cultural-Historical Practice.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Panofsky, Carolyn P.

1999-01-01

Explores critical thinking as it has been constructed in schooling and in dominant traditions of psychological theory, presenting a dialectical view of critical thinking suggested in the social and philosophical writings of critical theorists (e.g., Theodor Adorno and Herbert Marcuse) and supported by the sociohistorical or cultural-historical…

22. Photocopy of architectural drawing. (Original is in the collection ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

22. Photocopy of architectural drawing. (Original is in the collection of Richard F. McCann, Pasadena, CA.) Site Plan (Untitled). Dated May 3, 1934. Race Course for Mr. Joseph Gottstein, Washington Jockey Club. B. Marcus Priteca. - Longacres, 1621 Southwest Sixteenth Street, Renton, King County, WA

Regular Morphology and the Lexicon.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bybee, Joan

1995-01-01

This article compares three models of morphological storage and processing: (1) the dual-processing model of Pinker, Marcus and others; (2) the connectionist model of Marchman, Plunkett, Seidenberg, and others; and (3) the network model of Bybee and Langacker. Type frequency of a morphological pattern is shown to be important in determining…

Stability Analysis of Finite Difference Approximations to Hyperbolic Systems, and Problems in Applied and Computational Matrix Theory

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-07-08

Marcus and C. Baczynski), Computer Science Press, Rockville, Maryland, 1986. 3. An Introduction to Pascal and Precalculus , Computer Science Press...Science Press, Rockville, Maryland, 1986. 35. An Introduction to Pascal and Precalculus , Computer Science Press, Rockville, Maryland, 1986. 36

Understanding the Charter School Special Education Gap: Evidence from Denver, Colorado

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winters, Marcus A.

2014-01-01

Center on Reinventing Public Education (CRPE) commissioned Dr. Marcus Winters to analyze the factors driving the special education gap between Denver's charter and traditional public elementary and middle schools. Using student-level data, Winters shows that Denver's special education enrollment gap starts at roughly 2 percentage points in…

2005 Armaments Technology Seminar and Exhibition

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-06-13

Carolina Sofer •Catina Crismale •Preparedness •Jason Emmel •Andrea Marcus •James Smith •Tim Phelan •Nikiesha Nicholas •Kathy Wioland •Mary Paczkowski • Jamie ...ASSESS PRI CATEGORY HPTs EFFECTS AGENCY ASSET AGENCY ASSET WHEN AGENCY ASSET 1 3 4 5 6 LAWTON Mayor Coop

The Perils of Repressive Tolerance in Music Education Curriculum

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perrine, William M.

2017-01-01

In recent years, philosophers of music education have called for a greater degree of political engagement by music education practitioners. Using Marcuse's discussion of "repressive tolerance" as a conceptual framework, I argue that a politicized curriculum in music education works against the liberal ideas of free speech and a free…

Anarchism, Schooling, and Democratic Sensibility

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kennedy, David

2017-01-01

This paper seeks to address the question of schooling for democracy by, first, identifying at least one form of social character, dependent, after Marcuse, on the historical emergence of a "new sensibility." It then explores one pedagogical thread related to the emergence of this form of subjectivity over the course of the last two…

An Archetypal Phenomenology of "Skholé"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kennedy, David

2017-01-01

In this essay David Kennedy argues that children represent one vanguard of an emergent shift in Western subjectivity, and that adult-child dialogue, especially in the context of schooling, is a key locus for the epistemological change that implies. Following Herbert Marcuse's invocation of a "new sensibility," Kennedy argues that the…

Approval of Alternative Test Method for Puerto Nuevo Wastewater Treatment Plant, San Juan, Puerto Rico Memorandum

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This December 2008 memorandum is from Conniesue Oldham of the Measurement Technology Group to Marcus E. Kantz in EPA Region 2. This memorandum is regarding a request to use an alternative test method at the Puerto Neuvo wastewater treatment plant

Utopia and Education in Critical Theory

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lewis, Tyson

2006-01-01

In this article the author examines the intimate connections between utopia and education in Frankfurt School critical theory. Although substantial links have been made in the critical pedagogy tradition between education, critique, and utopian dreaming, an in-depth analysis of the utopia-education matrix in the works of Herbert Marcuse, Theodor…

78 FR 49267 - Conflict of Interest Waiver

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-13

... FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Conflict of Interest Waiver AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission. ACTION: Notice of waiver of section 4(b) of the Communications Act of 1934. SUMMARY: Notice is... section 4(b) of the Communications Act of 1924, as amended, 47 U.S.C. 154(b), for Mr. Theodore Marcus...

22. Photocopy of architectural drawing. (Original is in the collection ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

22. Photocopy of architectural drawing. (Original is in the collection of Richard F. McCann, Pasadena, CA.) Grandstand Balcony Plan. Dated June 30, 1933. Race Course for Mr. Joseph Gottstein, Washington Jockey Club. B. Marcus Priteca. - Longacres, Original Grandstand, 1621 Southwest Sixteenth Street, Renton, King County, WA

Learning Non-Adjacent Regularities at Age 0 ; 7

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gervain, Judit; Werker, Janet F.

2013-01-01

One important mechanism suggested to underlie the acquisition of grammar is rule learning. Indeed, infants aged 0 ; 7 are able to learn rules based on simple identity relations (adjacent repetitions, ABB: "wo fe fe" and non-adjacent repetitions, ABA: "wo fe wo", respectively; Marcus et al., 1999). One unexplored issue is…

National CrossTalk. Volume 12, Number 3, Summer 2004

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trombley, William, Ed.

2004-01-01

The primary purpose of "National CrossTalk" is to stimulate informed discussion and debate of higher education issues. This issue contains the following articles: (1) U.K. Adopts "Top-Up" Tuition Fees: British Universities Prepare to Compete in a More "American" System (Jon Marcus); (2) "Plain Living": Berea…

National CrossTalk. Volume 15, Number 1, Winter 2007

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trombley, William, Ed.

2007-01-01

The primary purpose of "National CrossTalk" is to stimulate informed discussion and debate of higher education issues. This issue contains the following articles: (1) The Celtic Tiger: Ireland Invests Heavily in Higher Education, and Benefits Mightily (Jon Marcus); (2) Western Classic: Nevada's James Rogers Is a Non-Traditional…

National CrossTalk. Volume 17, Number 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trombley, William, Ed.

2009-01-01

The primary purpose of "National CrossTalk" is to stimulate informed discussion and debate of higher education issues. This issue contains the following articles: (1) Florida's Unnatural Disaster: The State's Economic Bubble Has Burst, Leaving Higher Education in a Double Bind (Jon Marcus); (2) Saudi King's Modern University:…

lcmodels

Cancer.gov

The R package provides individual risks of lung cancer and lung cancer death based on various published papers: Bach et al., 2003; Spitz et al., 2007; Cassidy et al., 2008 (LLP); Hoggart et al., 2012; Tammemagi et al., 2013; Marcus et al., 2015 (LLPi); Wilson and Weissfeld, 2015 (Pittsburgh); Katki et al., 2016 (LCRAT and LCDRAT)

The NMC Horizon Report: 2013 Museum Edition

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, L.; Adams Becker, S.; Freeman, A.

2013-01-01

The "NMC Horizon Report: 2013 Museum Edition," is a co-production with the Marcus Institute for Digital Education in the Arts (MIDEA), and examines six emerging technologies for their potential impact on and use in education and interpretation within the museum environment: BYOD (Bring Your Own Device), crowdsourcing, electronic…

Gifted Sixth-Graders and Primary Source Philosophy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

White, David A.; Schlaggar, Sheila

1993-01-01

A sixth-grade gifted class studied the history of philosophy, including selections from such philosophers as Plato, Confucius, Buddha, Marcus Aurelius, and Moses Maimonides. Readings drew on fundamental features of child experience, such as their sense of justice, concern for moral values, and questions about reality. The paper describes classroom…

Disrupting Myths of Poverty in the Face of Resistance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pollock, Katina; Lopez, Ann; Joshee, Reva

2013-01-01

This case disrupts some of the prevalent myths about families from low-income and poor households held by educators. Recognizing the inherent tensions, this case demonstrates the importance of creating equitable and inclusive learning environments. We presented some of the challenges faced by Marcus, a progressive principal, as he attempts to…

Re-Imagining Spaces, Collectivity, and the Political Dimension of Contemporary Art

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peters, Clorinde

2015-01-01

In a neoliberal moment of cultural production marked by commodification and the dominance of economic values, it is necessary to investigate the cultural, social, and aesthetic value of art. By examining Herbert Marcuse's aesthetic dimension, this article seeks to locate the political and pedagogic potential both in the aesthetics and in the…

Evaluating Teaching in Higher Education. A Collection of Conference Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

London Univ. (England). Inst. of Education.

Some of the difficult problems related to introducing greater accountability for teaching were assessed and tentative policies considered at a British conference on higher education held in April 1975. R.C. Tress, Peter Kennedy, R. Rickett, Tom Driver, Marcus Merriman, and Alastair Stewart are the authors of the first set of papers entitled…

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Hydrogen Peroxyl Radical

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-05-01

Pasta , and Ulam10 (FPU) on the equipartion of energy in a one-dimensional anharmonic chain of oscillators yielded results that surprised the...Slater, Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 35, 56 (1939). 9 R. A. Marcus, J. Chem. Phys. 20, 359 (1952). 10 E. Fermi, J. R. Pasta , and S. M. Ulam, Los Alamos

The Voice of Authority

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wetterlund, Kris

2012-01-01

In the last part of 2011, conversations swirled around the Internet and print about the assault on museum authority. The Marcus Institute for Digital Education in the Arts (MIDEA) summarized some of the discussion in their blog entry "The Participatory Museum and a New Authority." Other sites joined in the discussion, for example, the Museum Geek…

20 CFR Appendix A to Subpart F of... - U.S. Seaports

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Port, LA New Orleans, LA Beaumont, TX Brownsville, TX Corpus Christi, TX Freeport, TX Galveston, TX..., MA Fall River, MA New Bedford, MA Providence, RI Bridgeport, CT New Haven, CT New London, CT Albany, NY New York, NY/NJ Camden, NJ Gloucester City, NJ Paulsboro, NJ Chester, PA Marcus Hook, PA...

Factors Associated with Transitional Shifts in College Students' Physical Activity Behavior

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levy, Susan S.; Cardinal, Bradley J.

2006-01-01

The Transtheoretical Model (Prochaska & Marcus, 1994) has been widely used as a framework for understanding exercise behavior change. The purpose of this study was to clarify equivocal research findings reported for model predictions when examining stage movement over time rather than static stages and to provide some evidence of the construct…

National CrossTalk. Volume 14, Number 3, Summer 2006

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trombley, William, Ed.

2006-01-01

The primary purpose of "National CrossTalk" is to stimulate informed discussion and debate of higher education issues. This issue contains the following articles: (1) The M Word: "Marketing" Has Changed from a Dirty Word to a Buzzword in Higher Education (Jon Marcus); (2) A Contrarian View of the Testing Industry: FairTest…

Return on Investment in the Public Sector

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-12-01

of Corporate Finance . 4th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2004. Brook, Douglas A. <dabrook@nps.navy.mil> “CNO Visit.” [E-mail to Larry Jones...Analysis: Concepts and Practice. 10th Ed. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 1996. Brealey, Richard, Alan J. Marcus, and Stewart C. Myers. Fundamentals

Neoteny, Dialogic Education and an Emergent Psychoculture: Notes on Theory and Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kennedy, David

2014-01-01

This article argues that children represent one vanguard of an emergent shift in Western subjectivity, and that adult-child dialogue, especially in the context of schooling, is a key locus for the epistemological change that implies. Following Herbert Marcuse's invocation of a "new sensibility", the author argues that the…

Relative importance of driving force and electrostatic interactions in the reduction of multihaem cytochromes by small molecules.

PubMed

Quintas, Pedro O; Cepeda, Andreia P; Borges, Nuno; Catarino, Teresa; Turner, David L

2013-06-01

Multihaem cytochromes are essential to the energetics of organisms capable of bioremediation and energy production. The haems in several of these cytochromes have been discriminated thermodynamically and their individual rates of reduction by small electron donors were characterized. The kinetic characterization of individual haems used the Marcus theory of electron transfer and assumed that the rates of reduction of each haem by sodium dithionite depend only on the driving force, while electrostatic interactions were neglected. To determine the relative importance of these factors in controlling the rates, we studied the effect of ionic strength on the redox potential and the rate of reduction by dithionite of native Methylophilus methylotrophus cytochrome c″ and three mutants at different pH values. We found that the main factor determining the rate is the driving force and that Marcus theory describes this satisfactorily. This validates the method of the simultaneous fitting of kinetic and thermodynamic data in multihaem cytochromes and opens the way for further investigation into the mechanisms of these proteins. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Charge transfer in model peptides: obtaining Marcus parameters from molecular simulation.

PubMed

Heck, Alexander; Woiczikowski, P Benjamin; Kubař, Tomáš; Giese, Bernd; Elstner, Marcus; Steinbrecher, Thomas B

2012-02-23

Charge transfer within and between biomolecules remains a highly active field of biophysics. Due to the complexities of real systems, model compounds are a useful alternative to study the mechanistic fundamentals of charge transfer. In recent years, such model experiments have been underpinned by molecular simulation methods as well. In this work, we study electron hole transfer in helical model peptides by means of molecular dynamics simulations. A theoretical framework to extract Marcus parameters of charge transfer from simulations is presented. We find that the peptides form stable helical structures with sequence dependent small deviations from ideal PPII helices. We identify direct exposure of charged side chains to solvent as a cause of high reorganization energies, significantly larger than typical for electron transfer in proteins. This, together with small direct couplings, makes long-range superexchange electron transport in this system very slow. In good agreement with experiment, direct transfer between the terminal amino acid side chains can be dicounted in favor of a two-step hopping process if appropriate bridging groups exist. © 2012 American Chemical Society

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Howell, Matthew D.; McLellan, Jason G.

This report summarizes catch data collected from white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus in Lake Roosevelt during limited setlining and gill netting activities in the fall of 2003, and documents progress toward development of a U.S. white sturgeon conservation aquaculture program for Lake Roosevelt. From 27-30 October, 42 overnight small mesh gill net sets were made between Marcus and Northport, WA for a total catch of 15 juvenile white sturgeon (275-488 mm FL). All sturgeon captured were of Canadian hatchery origin. These fish had been previously released as sub-yearlings into the Canadian portion (Keenleyside Reach) of the Transboundary Reach of the Columbiamore » River during 2002 and 2003. Most sturgeon (n=14) were caught in the most upstream area sampled (Northport) in low velocity eddy areas. Five fish exhibited pectoral fin deformities (curled or stunted). Growth rates were less than for juvenile sturgeon captured in the Keenleyside Reach but condition factor was similar. Condition factor was also similar to that observed in juvenile sturgeon (ages 1-8) captured in the unimpounded Columbia River below Bonneville Dam between 1987-92. From 10-14 November, 28 overnight setline sets were made in the Roosevelt Reach between the confluence of the Spokane River and Marcus Island for a total catch of 17 white sturgeon (94-213 cm FL). Catch was greatest in the most upstream areas sampled, a distribution similar to that observed during a WDFW setline survey in Lake Roosevelt in 1998. The mean W{sub r} index of 110% for fish captured this year was higher than the mean W{sub r} of 91% for fish captured in 1998. Excellent fish condition hindered surgical examination of gonads as lipid deposits made the ventral body wall very thick and difficult to penetrate with available otoscope specula. Acoustic tags (Vemco model V16 coded pingers, 69 kHz, 48-month life expectancy) were internally applied to 15 fish for subsequent telemetry investigations of seasonal and reproductively motivated movements. In August 2003, three Vemco VR2 fixed station acoustic receivers, supplied by the UCWSRI Transboundary Telemetry Project, were deployed in the vicinities of Kettle Falls Bridge, Marcus Island, and Northport, WA. Data downloaded from these receivers through December 2003 confirmed the findings of a previous telemetry study that the Marcus area is an important overwintering habitat for white sturgeon. On 18 February 2004, juvenile white sturgeon (n=2,000) were transported from Kootenay Sturgeon Hatchery in British Columbia to WDFW Columbia Basin Hatchery (CBH) in Moses Lake, WA. Fish were reared at CBH to approximately 30 g and individually outfitted with PIT tags and scute marked. On 11 May 2004, fish were released into Lake Roosevelt in the vicinities of Kettle Falls Bridge, North Gorge, and Northport.« less

The measurement of solar spectral irradiances at wavelengths between 40 and 4000 A

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Timothy, J. G.

1983-01-01

Two 1/8-meter Ebert-Fastie spectrometers were refurbished and upgraded in order to measure the solar spectral irradiances between 1160 A and 3100 A. An evacuated 1/4-meter normal-incidence spectrometer was also fabricated for spectral irradiance measurements over the wavelength range from 1250 A to 250 A. Procedures were developed for the calibration of all three instruments utilizing standards at the National Bureau of Standards. The two 1/8-meter spectrometers were flown to measure the solar spectral irradiances near solar maximum on two different dates. Data from these flights were analyzed. The performance of the spectrometers, and the results of an analysis of the variabilities of the solar spectral irradiances over the solar cycles 20 and 21 are discussed.

Amplification of the induced ferromagnetism in diluted magnetic semiconductor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meilikhov, E. Z.; Farzetdinova, R. M.

2009-07-01

Magnetic properties of the planar structure consisting of a ferromagnetic metal and the diluted magnetic semiconductor are considered (by the example of the structure Fe/Ga(Mn)As, experimentally studied in [F. Maccherozzi, M. Sperl, G. Panaccione, J. Mina'r, S. Polesya, H. Ebert, U. Wurstbauer, M. Hochstrasser, G. Rossi, G. Woltersdorf, W. Wegscheider, C.H. Back, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 (2008) 267201]). In the framework of the mean field theory, we demonstrate the presence of the significant amplification of the ferromagnetism, induced by the ferromagnetic metal in the near-interface semiconductor area, due to the indirect interaction of magnetic impurities. This results in the substantial expansion of the temperature range where the magnetization in the boundary semiconductor region exists, that might be important for possible practical applications.

Methods for Scaling to Doubly Stochastic Form,

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-06-26

Frobenius -Konig Theorem (MARCUS and MINC [1964],p 97) A nonnegative n xn matrix without support contains an s x t zero subma- trix where: s +t =n + -3...that YA(k) has row sums 1. Then normalize the columns by a diagonal similarity transform defined as follows: Let x = (zx , • z,,) be a left Perron vector

Fostering Persistence: 3D Printing and the Unforeseen Impact on Equity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

FitzPatrick, Daniel L.; Dominguez, Victoria S.

2017-01-01

Teaching persistence and problem solving must begin with selecting a problem that can be solved mathematically, that allows for multiple methods of solving, and that generally captures the attention and curiosity of the student (Marcus and Fey 2003; NCTM 1991; Van de Walle 2003). This article shows how a STEM three-dimensional (3D) printing…

Herbert Marcuse's Theory of Play--A Social Philosophical Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Volkwien, Karin A. E.

Sport has been widely discussed, by conservatives who argue that sport operates within the realm of freedom, and so lies outside the deterministic nexus of capitalist economics and policies, and leftists who argue that sport reproduces the repressive features of capitalism and serves as an ideological tool of the latter. The purpose of this study…

Joint Services Electronics Program (Harvard University. Cambridge, Massachusetts)

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-09-30

34Band Structures of Semimagnetic Compounds," Acta Physica Polonica bf A73 (6), 933-941 (1988). (Partially supported by N00014-86-K-0760). c. Books...Journals K.L. Babcock and R.M. Westervelt, "Dynamics of Simple Electronic neural Net- works," Physica 28D, 305 (1987). C.M. Marcus and R.M. Westervelt

Naive Probability: Model-based Estimates of Unique Events

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-05-04

Gilio & Over, 2012) – a possibility to which we return later. Despite these studies...Barrouillet, Jean-François Bonnefon, Nick Cassimatis, Nick Chater, Ernest Davis, Igor Douven, Angelo Gilio , Adam Harris, Gernot Kleiter, Gary Marcus, Ray...1230-1239. Gilio , A., & Over, D. (2012). The psychology of inferring conditionals from disjunctions: A probabilistic study. Journal of

The Rapid Detection of Single Bacterial Cells by Deep UV Micro Raman Spectroscopy.

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-04-01

Saltzman and C.T. Gregg, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 44, 1081 (1982). 14. D.’. Mc Greggor, W.K. Grace and G.C. Salzman, in "Rapid Methods and...was used by Dr. Marcus Peter of the Dana -Farber Cancer Institute. During that period he came to our laboratories weekly to study GTP- binding

"Spreading the Love" and Using Performances to Prevent Rape

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murphy, Aurora

2013-01-01

While rape is ordinarily considered an invariable reality, Sharon Marcus argues that it is instead a cultural script, which casts women as victims and men as perpetrators. In imagining rape as a script, it may seem pertinent to suggest that the arts and performance have a role in its prevention. Performances can provide a forum to publicly reflect…

76 FR 26255 - Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Marine Geophysical Survey in the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-06

..., the R/V Marcus G. Langseth (Langseth) and a seismic airgun array to collect seismic reflection and... possible, depending on logistics and weather. The proposed seismic survey will collect seismic reflection... Shillington, Spahr Webb, and Mladen Nedimovic, all of L-DEO. The vessel will be self-contained, and the crew...

The Oxidation of Ascorbic Acid by Hexacyanoferrate(III) Ion in Acidic Aqueous Media.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martins, Luis J. A.; da Costa, J. Barbosa

1988-01-01

Describes a kinetic and mechanistic investigation of ascorbic acid by a substitution-inert complex in acidic medium suitable for the undergraduate level. Discusses obtaining the second order rate constant for the rate determining step at a given temperature and comparison with the value predicted on the basis of the Marcus cross-relation. (CW)

A Navy Escrow Account: Increasing Financial Flexibility

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-06-01

generate cost savings and the means by which those funds could be recapitalized. The creation of an escrow account coincides with the Navy’s Sea...Navy escrow account , as envisioned, would provide financial managers with the incentive to generate cost savings and the means by which those funds...MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA CONRAD ESSAY A Navy Escrow Account : Increasing Financial Flexibility By: Commander Marcus A. Pritchard

Quenching of Emission and of Photochemistry for Aqueous Rh(NH3)5Cl(2+).

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-04-01

Hueneme, CalifornIa 93041 Attn: Dr. R. 3. Marcus 1 Attn: Mr. W. S. Haynes ONR Branch Offi ce Professor 0. Hein7 760 Market Street , Rm. 447...Peebles 1 WashI ngton, D.C. 20380 Directo r, Naval Research Laboratory Offi ce of Naval Researc hWashington, D.C. 20390 Arlington, VIrginia 22217

Electron transfer rate on mixed valence states of Class II/III transition for N, N'-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine structures as a polyaniline unit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nishiumi, Toyohiko; Nomura, Yasuhiro; Higuchi, Masayoshi; Yamamoto, Kimihisa

2003-08-01

The first example of the determination of the electron transfer rate ( λ, V, Δ G*, kth) for N, N'-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine derivatives using the Marcus-Hush theory is described. These results were in good agreement with the ones obtained using variable-temperature IR spectra measurements.

Theory, Observation, and Validation: Commentary on Almond, Kim, Velasquez, & Shute

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Markus, Keith A.

2014-01-01

Keith Marcus congratulates Almond et al. on an interesting article bringing together two topics that are important to the field of testing. He states that some aspects of the exposition came across as not yet fully developed, as if the manuscript had been hurried to press. In this commentary, he attempts to expand aspects of the article, which he…

78 FR 18340 - The Neiman Marcus Group, Inc.; Dr.Jays.com, Inc., Eminent, Inc.; Analysis of Proposed Consent...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-26

... heightened security screening. As a result, we encourage you to submit your comments online. To make sure...'' or ``Eminent, File No. 122 3065'' on your comment and file your comment online at https://ftcpublic... prefer to file your comment on paper, mail or deliver your comment to the following address: Federal...

77 FR 6065 - Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Marine Geophysical Survey in the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-07

... day public comment period. L-DEO plans to use one source vessel, the R/V Marcus G. Langseth (Langseth... (km) 1,511.9 nautical miles [nmi]) of transect lines (including turns) in the study area. The seismic... involve one source vessel, the Langseth. The Langseth will deploy an array of 36 airguns as an energy...

76 FR 77782 - Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Marine Geophysical Survey in the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-14

...) during the study. The shot interval will be relatively short, approximately 15 to 18 seconds (s), for the... than the one provided here. Comments sent via email, including all attachments, must not exceed a 10... 21, 2012. L-DEO plans to use one source vessel, the R/V Marcus G. Langseth (Langseth) and a seismic...

Sorry Dave, I’m Afraid I Can’t Do That: Explaining Unachievable Robot Tasks using Natural Language

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-06-24

processing components used by Brooks et al. [6]: the Bikel parser [3] combined with the null element (understood subject) restoration of Gabbard et al...Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), pages 1988 – 1993, 2010. [12] Ryan Gabbard , Mitch Marcus, and Seth Kulick. Fully parsing the Penn Treebank. In Human

Geometric Computation of Human Gyrification Indexes from Magnetic Resonance Images

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-04-01

GEOMETRIC COMPUTATION OF HUMAN GYRIFICATION INDEXES FROM MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGES By Shu Su Tonya White Marcus Schmidt Chiu-Yen Kao and Guillermo...00-2009 to 00-00-2009 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Geometric Computation of Human Gyrification Indexes from Magnetic Resonance Images 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER... Geometric Computation of Gyrification Indexes Chiu-Yen Kao 1 Geometric Computation of Human Gyrification

Unclassified Publications of Lincoln Laboratory 1 January - 31 December 1994, Volume 20.

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-12-31

J. Ehrlich, DJ. Hollis, M.A. Kosicki, B.B. Powdrill, T. Beattie, K. Smith, S. Varma, R. Gangadharan, R. Mallik , A. Burke, B.E. Wallace, D...JA-6972, JA-7028 Mallik , A., JA-7164 Manfra, M.J., JA-7027, MS-10604 Mankiewich, P.M., JA-7001 Maragos, P., JA-6764, JA-6888 Marcus, S., JA-6898

Dog Is a Dog Is a Dog: Infant Rule Learning Is Not Specific to Language

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saffran, Jenny R.; Pollak, Seth D.; Seibel, Rebecca L.; Shkolnik, Anna

2007-01-01

Human infants possess powerful learning mechanisms used for the acquisition of language. To what extent are these mechanisms domain specific? One well-known infant language learning mechanism is the ability to detect and generalize rule-like similarity patterns, such as ABA or ABB [Marcus, G. F., Vijayan, S., Rao, S. B., & Vishton, P. M. (1999).…

Marcuse, Bloch and Freire: Reinvigorating a Pedagogy of Hope

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Van Heertum, Richard

2006-01-01

Critique of the current order of things is a necessary starting point for any project for radical change. Without an analysis of what is wrong, it is hard to convince anyone that change is necessary. And yet critique alone rarely inspires people to act. We need something to fight for as well as against. The article looks at the centrality of hope…

Toward a Broader Dialectic: Joining Marxism with Mailer to Forge a Multilectics That Advances Teaching and Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fellner, Gene

2014-01-01

I contrast the lenses that Norman Mailer, Herbert Marcuse, and Karl Marx bring to their analyses of social life, exploring the contributions and limits of their respective approaches. I then propose what I call a "multilectical" theoretical lens that encompasses the strengths of all three and leans on the insights of post-Marxist…

Information from Multiple Modalities Helps 5-Month-Olds Learn Abstract Rules

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Frank, Michael C.; Slemmer, Jonathan A.; Marcus, Gary F.; Johnson, Scott P.

2009-01-01

By 7 months of age, infants are able to learn rules based on the abstract relationships between stimuli ( Marcus et al., 1999 ), but they are better able to do so when exposed to speech than to some other classes of stimuli. In the current experiments we ask whether multimodal stimulus information will aid younger infants in identifying abstract…

Distal [FeS]-Cluster Coordination in [NiFe]-Hydrogenase Facilitates Intermolecular Electron Transfer

PubMed Central

Petrenko, Alexander; Stein, Matthias

2017-01-01

Biohydrogen is a versatile energy carrier for the generation of electric energy from renewable sources. Hydrogenases can be used in enzymatic fuel cells to oxidize dihydrogen. The rate of electron transfer (ET) at the anodic side between the [NiFe]-hydrogenase enzyme distal iron–sulfur cluster and the electrode surface can be described by the Marcus equation. All parameters for the Marcus equation are accessible from Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The distal cubane FeS-cluster has a three-cysteine and one-histidine coordination [Fe4S4](His)(Cys)3 first ligation sphere. The reorganization energy (inner- and outer-sphere) is almost unchanged upon a histidine-to-cysteine substitution. Differences in rates of electron transfer between the wild-type enzyme and an all-cysteine mutant can be rationalized by a diminished electronic coupling between the donor and acceptor molecules in the [Fe4S4](Cys)4 case. The fast and efficient electron transfer from the distal iron–sulfur cluster is realized by a fine-tuned protein environment, which facilitates the flow of electrons. This study enables the design and control of electron transfer rates and pathways by protein engineering. PMID:28067774

Convective radiation fluid-dynamics: formation and early evolution of ultra low-mass objects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wuchterl, G.

2005-12-01

The formation process of ultra low-mass objects is some kind of extension of the star formation process. The physical changes towards lower mass are discussed by investigating the collapse of cloud cores that are modelled as Bonnor-Ebert spheres. Their collapse is followed by solving the equations of fluid dynamics with radiation and a model of time-dependent convection that has been calibrated to the Sun. For a sequence of cloud-cores with 1 to 0.01 solar masses, evolutionary tracks and isochrones are shown in the mass-radius diagram, the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram and the effective temperature-surface gravity or Kiel diagram. The collapse and the early hydrostatic evolution to ages of few Ma are briefly discussed and compared to observations of objects in Upper Scorpius and the low-mass components of GG Tau.

Records of chimaeroid fishes (Holocephali: Chimaeriformes) from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica, with the description of a new species of Chimera (Chimaeridae) from the eastern Pacific Ocean.

PubMed

Angulo, Arturo; López, Myrna I; Bussing, William A; Murase, Atsunobu

2014-09-18

A new species of Chimaera Linnaeus 1758 is described from three specimens collected from off the Pacific coasts of Costa Rica and Peru. Chimaera orientalis n. sp., the first species of the genus described from the eastern Pacific Ocean, is distinguished from its other congeners by a combination of coloration and morphology. Additionally, new records of occurrence for another four species of chimaeroid fishes (Harriotta raleighana (Goode & Bean 1895), Rhinochimaera africana Compagno, Stehmann & Ebert 1990, Hydrolagus colliei Lay & Bennett 1839, and H. macrophthalmus de Buen 1959) previously unknown for the continental shelf of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica and Central America are reported. A key to the eastern Pacific species of the order Chimaeriformes is also presented.

Results from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration remote sensing experiments in the New York Bight, 7-17 April 1975

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hall, J. B., Jr. (Compiler); Pearson, A. O. (Compiler)

1977-01-01

A cooperative operation was conducted in the New York Bight to evaluate the role of remote sensing technology to monitor ocean dumping. Six NASA remote sensing experiments were flown on the C-54, U-2, and C-130 NASA aircraft, while NOAA obtained concurrent sea truth information using helicopters and surface platforms. The experiments included: (1) a Radiometer/Scatterometer (RADSCAT), (2) an Ocean Color Scanner (OCS), (3) a Multichannel Ocean Color Sensor (MOCS), (4) four Hasselblad cameras, (5) an Ebert spectrometer; and (6) a Reconafax IV infrared scanner and a Precision Radiation Thermometer (PRT-5). The results of these experiments relative to the use of remote sensors to detect, quantify, and determine the dispersion of pollutants dumped into the New York Bight are presented.

The Mercantile Business Coalition: A Narrative Analysis of a Learning Organization in an African American Community

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harrell, Alma S.

2013-01-01

"A race that is solely dependent upon another for its economic existences sooner or later dies," this quote by Marcus Garvey highlighted the need for African American communities to think about the importance of economic development. This message was also heard by African Americans as early as the 1700s. Not only was the message about…

First Approach of Pneumatic Anthropomorphic Hand

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-10-25

1 o f 3 FIRST APPROACH OF PNEUMATIC ANTHROPOMORPHIC HAND Jiménez, Omar; Leija, Lorenzo; Muñoz, Roberto Centro de Investigación y de Estudios...weight and minimum consumption, minimum control and natural appearance. Keywords- Anthropomorphic, hand, Pneumatic system, Prosthesis 1 . INTRODUCTION...The projects have been guided through an specific line of development. The project MARCUS[ 1 ] includes easiness as the most important aspect what

Toward a Critique of the Information Age: Herbert Marcuse's Contribution to Information Science's Conceptions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cibangu, Sylvain K.

2013-01-01

Introduction: Just as we have created them, the new social media technologies have shaped every aspect of our societies. Meanwhile, information science has hardly addressed the ways in which these information technologies have shaped humans, and vice-versa. The major reason is the tendency and pressure to adjust (the needs of) humans to the ever…

Sequence to Sequence - Video to Text

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-11

Saenko, and S. Guadarrama. Generating natural-language video descriptions using text - mined knowledge. In AAAI, July 2013. 2 [20] P. Kuznetsova, V...Sequence to Sequence – Video to Text Subhashini Venugopalan1 Marcus Rohrbach2,4 Jeff Donahue2 Raymond Mooney1 Trevor Darrell2 Kate Saenko3...1. Introduction Describing visual content with natural language text has recently received increased interest, especially describing images with a

Validation of Brain Event-Related Potentials as Indicators of Cognitive Styles, Abilities, and Aptitudes.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-02-01

1970; Callaway, 1973, 1975; Chalke & Ertl, 1965; Ertl, 1969; Ertl & Schafer, 1969; Galbraith, Gliddon, & Busk , 1970; Gucker, 1973; Marcus, 1970...related to intelligence--although not always (Bigum, Dustman, & Beck, 1970; Galbraith, Gliddon, & Busk , 1970; Perry, McCoy, Cunningham, Falgout...be directly related to intelligence--but not always (Bigum, Dustman, & Beck, 1970; Galbraith, Gliddon, & Busk , 1970; Perry, McCoy, Cunningham, Falgot

A Comparison of Intranasal and Oral Scopolamine for Motion Sickness Prevention in Military Personnel

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-08-18

Cornum, Caldwell & Cornum, 1997; Cowings et al., 1996; Golding & Stott, 1997; Marcus & Furman, 2006; Putcha, 1999; Wood & Graybiel, 1968). The most...performance effects (Lewandowski, Dietz, & Reeves, 1997; Elsmore, Reeves & Reeves, 2007; Kane , Roebuck-Spenser, Short, Kabat & Wilken, 2007; Wilken...Sullivan, Lewandowski & Kane , 2007). Visual acuity assessment An RAF rule (Neely, 1956) was used to measure visual accommodation (near-focus

An Examination of a Virtual Private Network Implementation to Support a Teleworking Initiative: The Marcus Food Company Inc. Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ferguson, Jason W.

2010-01-01

In this dissertation, the author examined the capabilities of virtual private networks (VPNs) in supporting teleworking environments for small businesses in the food marketing sector. The goal of this research was to develop an implementation model for small businesses in the food marketing sector that use a VPN solution to support teleworker…

77 FR 4765 - Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Marine Geophysical Survey in the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-31

... to complete the abbreviated 2010 study. L-DEO plans to use one source vessel, the R/V Marcus G... will serve as a spare and will be turned on in case of failure of one of the other airguns. The... [email protected] . NMFS is not responsible for email comments sent to addresses other than the one...

Learning to Be Precarious--The Transition of Young People from School into Precarious Work in Germany

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eckelt, Marcus; Schmidt, Guido

2015-01-01

The integration of young adults into the labor market is a challenge for every society. Because Germany survived the current crisis quite well and youth unemployment rate is more or less stable, the German apprenticeship-system, Duale Ausbildung, became a kind of new role model in Europe. In this article Marcus Eckelt and Guido Schmidt analyze the…

NEPC Review: "New York Charter Schools Outperform Traditional Selective Public Schools--More Evidence That Cream-Skimming Is Not Driving Charters' Success"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cordes, Sarah A.

2017-01-01

A common argument leveled against charter schools is that they attract the most motivated and intelligent students from already struggling public schools. Marcus Winters seeks to examine this claim, known as "cream-skimming," by comparing the performance of New York City's (NYC) charter middle schools with a set of traditional selective…

The Limits of Soviet Airpower: The Bear Versus the Mujahideen in Afghanistan, 1979-1989

DTIC Science & Technology

1997-06-01

satellite imagery identified Soviet TMS-65 decontamination vehicles and AGV-3 detox chambers in the vicinity of combat areas. In addition, the...Vladislav Tamarov, Afghanistan: Soviet Vietnam, trans. Naomi Marcus, Marianne Clarke Trangen, and Vladislav Tamarov (San Francisco: Mercury House...Tamarov. San Francisco: Mercury House, 1992. Turbiville, Graham. Ambush! The Road War in Afghanistan. Fort Leavenworth, KS: Soviet Army Studies Office

Scaling Bulk Data Analysis with Mapreduce

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-09-01

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN COMPUTER SCIENCE from the NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL September...2017 Approved by: Michael McCarrin Thesis Co-Advisor Marcus S. Stefanou Thesis Co-Advisor Peter J. Denning Chair, Department of Computer Science iii...98 xiii THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK xiv List of Acronyms and Abbreviations CART Computer Analysis and Response Team DELV Distributed Environment

Stochastic Adaptive Estimation and Control.

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-10-26

Marcus, "Language Stability and Stabilizability of Discrete Event Dynamical Systems ," SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization, 31, September 1993...in the hierarchical control of flexible manufacturing systems ; in this problem, the model involves a hybrid process in continuous time whose state is...of the average cost control problem for discrete- time Markov processes. Our exposition covers from finite to Borel state and action spaces and

The galenic plague: a breakdown of the imperial pathocoenosis. Pathocoenosis and longue durée.

PubMed

Gourevitch, Danielle

2005-01-01

Is 'pathocoenosis', a notion conceived and a word coined by Mirko Grmek (1969), useful as far as ancient history is concerned? The author is interested in Galenic pathocoenosis, that of doctor Galen and his Emperor Marcus Aurelius (IInd cent. A.D.), when a new 'pestilence' or 'plague' (smallpox?) devastated the whole empire, from Mesopotamia to the Danube at least.

[The doctor and the consul. Relations between Galen and Flavius Boethos under Marcus Aurelius].

PubMed

Gourevitch, Danielle

2012-01-01

The author describes the rich relationship between young Galen, just arrived in Rome from his native Minor Asia, and Flavius Boethos a consul suffectus who was to become the governor of Syria, and asked him to cure his wife and then their son, Cyrillos. Although very famous, Galen who never became a Roman citizen, needed such a friend and social mentor.

Evidence of the Ideology of Marcus Fabius Quintilianus in Three Periods of American Educational Thought: 1750-1980

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kasper, Beverly B.

2004-01-01

Nearly two thousand years ago, Quintilian wrote a guide for the education of the ideal citizen which combined theory with educational practice. He believed in the importance of early education, the place of play and joy in learning, the necessity to base education on students' individual patterns of growth and learning, the magnitude of the…

Preventing Point-of-Sale System Intrusions

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-06-01

executives from Target and Nieman Marcus prepared written testimonials in advance of several congressional hearings on retail data breaches the week...of February 05, 2014 (Associated Press, 2014; United States Senate, 2014). While the Target data breach attracted significant national attention due...other parts of the world, and whether Congress should pass a federal data breach notification law that would require businesses to notify customers if

Interactions of NO{sub 2}{sup {minus}} and SO{sub 3}{sup 2{minus}} with organic triplets. Charge transfer versus energy transfer: The role of reorganization energy in triplet-anion interactions and spectroscopic methods for its evaluation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Loeff, I.; Treinin, A.; Linschitz, H.

1992-06-25

Charge-transfer (CT) and energy-transfer (NT) interactions of simple anions with organic triplets are reviewed and discussed in connection with new quenching rate constant (K{sub q}) and radical yield measurements for SO{sub 3}{sup 2{minus}} and No{sub 2}{sup {minus}}. In the latter case both processes may occur at high organic triplet energies. Reorganization energies for one-electron oxidations are obtained for several anions, using data on charge-transfer-to-solvent (CTTS) spectra and photoelectron emission thresholds, which like the kinetic parameters of Marcus-Hush theory, also reflect Franck-Condon strains. The results, combined with thermodynamic free energies, give vertical redox potentials which correlate better than do equilibrium potentialsmore » with quenching rates. The theoretical basis for correlation between k{sub q} and Hv{sub CTTS} is discussed in the framework of Marcus rate theory. Assigning the total reorganization energy in the CT quenching reaction to the small anion component of the D-A pair gives reasonable agreement with data on quenching of dye triplets but too slow rates for aryl carbonyl triplets where exciplex formation may possibly occur. The optical reorganization energy for NO{sub 2}{sup {minus}} leads to values of the thermal self-exchange rate agreeing with those computed from the Marcus-Hush cross-relations, which also neglect bonding effects. The mechanism of NO{sub 2}{sup {minus}} interaction with triplets is discussed in detail, including indirect kinetic evidence for quenching of a short-lived exciplex by NO{sub 2}{sup {minus}} without radical formation. The possibility of reduction by triplet NO{sub 2}{sup {minus}} formed by initial NT from the organic triplet is also considered. Finally, a scheme is presented involving an equilibrium between CT and NT states and relating the free energy difference between these states to radical yields. 54 refs., 8 figs., 3 tabs.« less

[Marcus Aurelius Antonius (121-180AD), philosopher and Roman emperor, and Galen's plague].

PubMed

Muñoz-Sanz, Agustín

2012-11-01

The study of the aetiologies of diseases in Ancient Times is usually a speculative intellectual exercise. When some authors attribute a specific aetiology to an old disease, there is a great risk of committing a methodological error, known as presentism by the modern historiography. The authority of the investigator, more than the weight of the scientific truth, is usually the reason why the diagnosis has remained over the years. The great epidemic of the years 164-165AD and afterwards, could have been smallpox (haemorrhagic form). Claude Galen, the famous doctor, described the symptoms in several books of his great Opera Omnia. For this reason, it is currently known among the scholars as Galen's plague. The epidemic was described for the first time in Seleucia (Mesopotamia). Until now, the actual geographic origin is unknown. We propose here that the beginning might be the kingdom of the old Han dynasty (now the Chinese Popular Republic). The epidemic swept the Roman Empire, from the east to the west, and from the southern to the northern borders. An immediate consequence of the infection was a high morbidity and mortality. In this sense, Galen's epidemic was one of the many factors that caused the fall and destruction of the Roman Empire. On the other hand, there is a general agreement among historians, biographers and researchers that the philosopher emperor Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (121-180AD was affected by the infection in the epidemic wave of 164-165AD. The death of Marcus Aurelius occurred on March 17 in the year 180AD, in Vindobonne, or perhaps Sirminium (near to Vienna). Many authors propose that the cause of the emperor's death was the same epidemic. We consider that it is not possible to demonstrate any of those speculative diagnoses. Finally, the epidemic of 189-190AD, that we have named of Commodus, was probably a different disease to the Galen's plague. There were several kinds of animals affected (anthropozoonoses). In this sense, this infection resembles more the previous Athens plague (430BC) or the epidemic of Justinian (552AD) than that of Galen's. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.

Simulating Shock Triggered Star Formation with AstroBEAR2.0

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Shule; Frank, Adam; Blackman, Eric

2013-07-01

Star formation can be triggered by the compression from shocks running over stable clouds. Triggered star formation is a favored explanation for the traces of SLRI's in our solar system. Previous research has shown that when parameters such as shock speed are within a certain range, the gravitational collapse of otherwise stable, dense cloud cores is possible. However, these studies usually focus on the precursors of star formation, and the conditions for the triggering. We use AstroBEAR2.0 code to simulate the collapse and subsequent evolution of a stable Bonnor-Ebert cloud by an incoming shock. Through our simulations, we show that interesting physics happens when the newly formed star interacts with the cloud residue and the post-shock flow. We identify these interactions as controlled by the initial conditions of the triggering and study the flow pattern as well as the evolution of important physics quantities such as accretion rate and angular momentum.

Implementation of Hadamard spectroscopy using MOEMS as a coded aperture

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vasile, T.; Damian, V.; Coltuc, D.; Garoi, F.; Udrea, C.

2015-02-01

Although nowadays spectrometers reached a high level of performance, output signals are often weak and traditional slit spectrometers still confronts the problem of poor optical throughput, minimizing their efficiency in low light setup conditions. In order to overcome these issues, Hadamard Spectroscopy (HS) was implemented in a conventional Ebert Fastie type of spectrometer setup, by substituting the exit slit with a digital micro-mirror device (DMD) who acts like a coded aperture. The theory behind HS and the functionality of the DMD are presented. The improvements brought using HS are enlightened by means of a spectrometric experiment and higher SNR spectrum is acquired. Comparative experiments were conducted in order to emphasize the SNR differences between HS and scanning slit method. Results provide a SNR gain of 3.35 favoring HS. One can conclude the HS method effectiveness to be a great asset for low light spectrometric experiments.

Optical properties of fly ash. Volume 1, Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Self, S.A.

1994-12-01

Research performed under this contract was divided into four tasks under the following headings: Task 1, Characterization of fly ash; Task 2, Measurements of the optical constants of slags; Task 3, Calculations of the radiant properties of fly ash dispersions; and Task 4, Measurements of the radiant properties of fly ash dispersions. Tasks 1 and 4 constituted the Ph.D. research topic of Sarbajit Ghosal, while Tasks 2 and 3 constituted the Ph.D. research topic of Jon Ebert. Together their doctoral dissertations give a complete account of the work performed. This final report, issued in two volumes consists of an executivemore » summary of the whole program followed by the dissertation of Ghosal. Volume 1 contains the dissertation of Ghosal which covers the characterization of fly ash and the measurements of the radiant properties of fly ash dispersions. A list of publications and conference presentations resulting from the work is also included.« less

Extension of spatiotemporal chaos in glow discharge-semiconductor systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Akhmet, Marat, E-mail: marat@metu.edu.tr; Fen, Mehmet Onur; Rafatov, Ismail

2014-12-15

Generation of chaos in response systems is discovered numerically through specially designed unidirectional coupling of two glow discharge-semiconductor systems. By utilizing the auxiliary system approach, [H. D. I. Abarbanel, N. F. Rulkov, and M. M. Sushchik, Phys. Rev. E 53, 4528–4535 (1996)] it is verified that the phenomenon is not a chaos synchronization. Simulations demonstrate various aspects of the chaos appearance in both drive and response systems. Chaotic control is through the external circuit equation and governs the electrical potential on the boundary. The expandability of the theory to collectives of glow discharge systems is discussed, and this increases themore » potential of applications of the results. Moreover, the research completes the previous discussion of the chaos appearance in a glow discharge-semiconductor system [D. D. Šijačić U. Ebert, and I. Rafatov, Phys. Rev. E 70, 056220 (2004).].« less

Extension of spatiotemporal chaos in glow discharge-semiconductor systems.

PubMed

Akhmet, Marat; Rafatov, Ismail; Fen, Mehmet Onur

2014-12-01

Generation of chaos in response systems is discovered numerically through specially designed unidirectional coupling of two glow discharge-semiconductor systems. By utilizing the auxiliary system approach, [H. D. I. Abarbanel, N. F. Rulkov, and M. M. Sushchik, Phys. Rev. E 53, 4528-4535 (1996)] it is verified that the phenomenon is not a chaos synchronization. Simulations demonstrate various aspects of the chaos appearance in both drive and response systems. Chaotic control is through the external circuit equation and governs the electrical potential on the boundary. The expandability of the theory to collectives of glow discharge systems is discussed, and this increases the potential of applications of the results. Moreover, the research completes the previous discussion of the chaos appearance in a glow discharge-semiconductor system [D. D. Šijačić U. Ebert, and I. Rafatov, Phys. Rev. E 70, 056220 (2004).].

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Buck, Edgar C.; Wittman, Richard S.

The U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE), Office of Fuel Cycle Technology has established the Used Fuel Disposition Campaign (UFDC) to conduct the research and development activities related to storage, transportation, and disposal of used nuclear fuel (UNF) and high-level radioactive waste. Within the UFDC, the components for a general system model of the degradation and subsequent transport of UNF is being developed to analyze the performance of disposal options [Sassani et al., 2012]. Two model components of the near-field part of the problem are the ANL Mixed Potential Model and the PNNL Radiolysis Model. This reportmore » is in response to the desire to integrate the two models as outlined in [Buck, E.C, J.L. Jerden, W.L. Ebert, R.S. Wittman, (2013) “Coupling the Mixed Potential and Radiolysis Models for Used Fuel Degradation,” FCRD-UFD-2013-000290, M3FT-PN0806058]« less

Development and testing of the ultraviolet spectrometer for the Mariner Mars 1971 spacecraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Farrar, J. W.

1972-01-01

The Mariner Mars 1971 ultraviolet spectrometer is an Ebert-Fastie type of the same basic design as the Mariner Mars 1969 instrument. Light enters the instrument and is split into component wavelengths by a scanning reflection diffraction grating. Two monochrometer exit slits allow the use of two independent photomultiplier tube sensors. Channel 1 has a spectral range of 1100 to 1692 A with a fixed gain, while Channel 2 has a spectral range of 1450 to 3528 A with an automatic step gain control, providing a dynamic range over the expected atmosphere and surface brightness of Mars. The scientific objectives, basic operation, design, testing, and calibration for the Mariner Mars 1971 ultraviolet spectrometer are described. The design discussion includes those modifications that were necessary to extend the lifetime of the instrument in order to accomplish the Mariner Mars 1971 mission objectives.

An interactive modular design for computerized photometry in spectrochemical analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bair, V. L.

1980-01-01

A general functional description of totally automatic photometry of emission spectra is not available for an operating environment in which the sample compositions and analysis procedures are low-volume and non-routine. The advantages of using an interactive approach to computer control in such an operating environment are demonstrated. This approach includes modular subroutines selected at multiple-option, menu-style decision points. This style of programming is used to trace elemental determinations, including the automated reading of spectrographic plates produced by a 3.4 m Ebert mount spectrograph using a dc-arc in an argon atmosphere. The simplified control logic and modular subroutine approach facilitates innovative research and program development, yet is easily adapted to routine tasks. Operator confidence and control are increased by the built-in options including degree of automation, amount of intermediate data printed out, amount of user prompting, and multidirectional decision points.

Prevention of Infections Associated With Combat-Related Eye, Maxillofacial, and Neck Injuries

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-08-01

REVIEW ARTICLE Prevention of Infections Associated With Combat-Related Eye, Maxillofacial, and Neck Injuries Kyle Petersen, DO, FACP, FIDSA...Marcus H Colyer, MD, David K. Hayes, MD, FACS, Robert G. Hale, DDS, R. B1yan Bell, DDS, MD, FACS, and the Prevention of Combat-Related Infections ...article reviews recent data from military and civilian studies to support evidence-based recommendations for the prevention of infections associated

Case Report: Rhabdomyolysis in Service Member Following SERE Physical Training

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-09-19

Member following SERE physical training. Sb. GRANT NUMBER Sc. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER Capt Matthew A Pombo Se. TASK...NOTES 14. ABSTRACT Case Report: Rhabdomyolysis in Service Member following SERE physical training. Authors: Matthew A. Pombo, DO (Capt, USAF...in Service Member following SERE physical training. Authors: Matthew A. Pombo, DO (Capt, USAF); Dwaipayan Chakraborti, MD (MAJ, USA); Joseph Marcus

DoD Global, Laboratory-Based, Influenza Surveillance Program, End-of-Year Report, 2014-2015

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-01-01

DeMarcus January 2016 Air Force Research Laboratory 711th Human Performance Wing U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine ...Public Health and Preventive Medicine Dept 2510 Fifth St. Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433-7913 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release...PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) USAF School of Aerospace Medicine Public Health and Preventive Medicine Dept/PHR 2510 Fifth St

Integrated Cognition - A Proposed Definition of Ingredients, A Survey of Systems, and Example Architecture

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-10-01

Information Proc- essing Technology Office (IPTO) for their support of this work. We thank Dr. John Salasin for his vision in conceiving these...ingredients of cognition identified in the INCOG framework presented herein, including: Dr. John R. Anderson, Mr. Albert-Laszlo Barabasi, Dr...Goertzel, Professor Marvin Minsky, Dr. Robert Hecht-Nielsen, Dr. Marcus J. Huber, Dr. John Laird, Professor Pat Langley, Dr. Christian Lebiere, Dr

Ambient Temperature Rechargeable Lithium Cells: State of the Art; Problems and Opportunities.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-12-01

Brigham Young University Dr. Royce W. Murray Provo, Utah 84602 1 Department of Chemistry University of North Carolina Dr. R. A. Marcus Chapel Hill, North...Chemistry Department Dr. Michael J. Weaver Massachusetts Institute Department of Chemistry of Technology Michigan State University Cambridge...Chudacek McGraw-Edison Company Dr. Janet Osteryoung Edison Battery Division Department of Chemistry Post Office Box 28 State University of Bloomfield

Guest and solvent modulated photo-driven charge separation and triplet generation in a perylene bisimide cyclophane

DOE PAGES

Spenst, Peter; Young, Ryan M.; Wasielewski, Michael R.; ...

2016-05-18

Cofacial positioning of two perylene bisimide (PBI) chromophores at a distance of 6.5 Å in a cyclophane structure prohibits the otherwise common excimer formation and directs photoexcited singlet state relaxation towards intramolecular symmetry-breaking charge separation (τ CS = 161 ± 4 ps) in polar CH 2Cl 2, which is thermodynamically favored with a Gibbs free energy of ΔG CS = –0.32 eV. The charges then recombine slowly in τ CR = 8.90 ± 0.06 ns to form the PBI triplet excited state, which can be used subsequently to generate singlet oxygen in 27% quantum yield. This sequence of events ismore » eliminated by dissolving the PBI cyclophane in non-polar toluene, where only excited singlet state decay occurs. In contrast, complexation of electron-rich aromatic hydrocarbons by the host PBI cyclophane followed by photoexcitation of PBI results in ultrafast electron transfer (<10 ps) from the guest to the PBI in CH 2Cl 2. As a result, the rate constants for charge separation and recombination increase as the guest molecules become easier to oxidize, demonstrating that charge separation occurs close to the peak of the Marcus curve and the recombination lies far into the Marcus inverted region.« less

Electrode redox reactions with polarizable molecules.

PubMed

Matyushov, Dmitry V

2018-04-21

A theory of redox reactions involving electron transfer between a metal electrode and a polarizable molecule in solution is formulated. Both the existence of molecular polarizability and its ability to change due to electron transfer distinguish this problem from classical theories of interfacial electrochemistry. When the polarizability is different between the oxidized and reduced states, the statistics of thermal fluctuations driving the reactant over the activation barrier becomes non-Gaussian. The problem of electron transfer is formulated as crossing of two non-parabolic free energy surfaces. An analytical solution for these free energy surfaces is provided and the activation barrier of electrode electron transfer is given in terms of two reorganization energies corresponding to the oxidized and reduced states of the molecule in solution. The new non-Gaussian theory is, therefore, based on two theory parameters in contrast to one-parameter Marcus formulation for electrode reactions. The theory, which is consistent with the Nernst equation, predicts asymmetry between the cathodic and anodic branches of the electrode current. They show different slopes at small electrode overpotentials and become curved at larger overpotentials. However, the curvature of the Tafel plot is reduced compared to the Marcus-Hush model and approaches the empirical Butler-Volmer form with different transfer coefficients for the anodic and cathodic currents.

Electrode redox reactions with polarizable molecules

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Matyushov, Dmitry V.

2018-04-01

A theory of redox reactions involving electron transfer between a metal electrode and a polarizable molecule in solution is formulated. Both the existence of molecular polarizability and its ability to change due to electron transfer distinguish this problem from classical theories of interfacial electrochemistry. When the polarizability is different between the oxidized and reduced states, the statistics of thermal fluctuations driving the reactant over the activation barrier becomes non-Gaussian. The problem of electron transfer is formulated as crossing of two non-parabolic free energy surfaces. An analytical solution for these free energy surfaces is provided and the activation barrier of electrode electron transfer is given in terms of two reorganization energies corresponding to the oxidized and reduced states of the molecule in solution. The new non-Gaussian theory is, therefore, based on two theory parameters in contrast to one-parameter Marcus formulation for electrode reactions. The theory, which is consistent with the Nernst equation, predicts asymmetry between the cathodic and anodic branches of the electrode current. They show different slopes at small electrode overpotentials and become curved at larger overpotentials. However, the curvature of the Tafel plot is reduced compared to the Marcus-Hush model and approaches the empirical Butler-Volmer form with different transfer coefficients for the anodic and cathodic currents.

A hybrid approach to simulation of electron transfer in complex molecular systems

PubMed Central

Kubař, Tomáš; Elstner, Marcus

2013-01-01

Electron transfer (ET) reactions in biomolecular systems represent an important class of processes at the interface of physics, chemistry and biology. The theoretical description of these reactions constitutes a huge challenge because extensive systems require a quantum-mechanical treatment and a broad range of time scales are involved. Thus, only small model systems may be investigated with the modern density functional theory techniques combined with non-adiabatic dynamics algorithms. On the other hand, model calculations based on Marcus's seminal theory describe the ET involving several assumptions that may not always be met. We review a multi-scale method that combines a non-adiabatic propagation scheme and a linear scaling quantum-chemical method with a molecular mechanics force field in such a way that an unbiased description of the dynamics of excess electron is achieved and the number of degrees of freedom is reduced effectively at the same time. ET reactions taking nanoseconds in systems with hundreds of quantum atoms can be simulated, bridging the gap between non-adiabatic ab initio simulations and model approaches such as the Marcus theory. A major recent application is hole transfer in DNA, which represents an archetypal ET reaction in a polarizable medium. Ongoing work focuses on hole transfer in proteins, peptides and organic semi-conductors. PMID:23883952

Particle versus density models in spark formation: X-rays from pulled fronts?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ebert, Ute

2008-03-01

Streamer discharges govern the early stages of sparks and lightning, of spark-like phenomena in water, oil, and semiconductors, in industrial corona reactors, or in gigantic sprite discharges above thunderclouds [1,2]. Thunderstorms recently have been found to emit terrestrial gamma-ray flashes or X-rays towards satellites and towards the ground. These emissions might be explained by particle models of ``pulled'' streamer ionization fronts. In general, the growing discharge channel has an inner structure with multiple scales [1-3]. While the largest part of this channel can be treated in a density approximation for the electrons and ions, the dynamics of the ionization front is that of a pulled front; it is determined in the leading edge where the density approach eventually breaks down. We therefore investigate a realistic MC particle model for the motion of single electrons in a discharge in pure nitrogen. The particle model not only incorporates particle fluctuations, but also shows that the electron energies are systematically larger in the leading edge of the front than in the corresponding density model, and that the ionization level behind the front is higher as well, while the front velocity hardly changes [3]. These effects increase with increasing applied electric field and might actually cause the recently observed X-ray emission from lightning through rare very energetic runaway electrons in the tail of the distribution. Comparing the leading edge of the particle front with a linear particle avalanche, the avalanche shows the same mean density gradient and energy overshoot in its leading edge as the nonlinear front; hence the pulled front concept in this sense applies to discrete particle models as well [3]. This gives a key to understanding the above effects through analytical approximations and to develop efficient numerical methods coupling particle and density models in space.[1] U. Ebert et al., Plasma Sources Sci. Techn. 15, S118 (2006) (arXiv:physics/0604023).[2] Streamers, sprites, leaders, lightning: From micro- to macroscales, workshop in Oct. 2007: http://www.lorentzcenter.nl/lc/web/2007/265/info.php3?wsid=265; and cluster issue in J. Phys. D in fall 2008; organizers/editors: U. Ebert and D.D. Sentman.[3] C. Li et al., J. Appl. Phys. 101, 123305 (2007) (arXiv:physics/0702129).

Electrochemical kinetics and dimensional considerations, at the nanoscale

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yamada, H.; Bandaru, P. R.

2016-06-01

It is shown that the consideration of the density of states variation in nanoscale electrochemical systems yields modulations in the rate constant and concomitant electrical currents. The proposed models extend the utility of Marcus-Hush-Chidsey (MHC) kinetics to a larger class of materials and could be used as a test of dimensional character. The implications of the study are of much significance to an understanding and modulation of charge transfer nanostructured electrodes.

Thermal Decomposition of 1,5-Dinitrobiuret (DNB): Direct Dynamics Trajectory Simulations and Statistical Modeling

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-05-03

18 . NUMBER OF PAGES 19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON Dr. Tommy W. Hawkins a. REPORT Unclassified b. ABSTRACT Unclassified c. THIS PAGE...branching using Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) theory, 18 and finally to the analysis of inter-conversions of primary decomposition products...theory, 18 was employed to examine the properties of the reactant, intermediate complex and transition states as a function of the total internal energy

RRTMGP: A High-Performance Broadband Radiation Code for the Next Decade

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-09-30

NOAA ), Robin Hogan (ECMWF), a number of colleagues at the Max-Planck Institute, and Will Sawyer and Marcus Wetzstein (Swiss Supercomputer Center...somewhat out of date, so that the accuracy of our simplified algorithms can not be thoroughly evaluated. RRTMGP_LW_v0 has been provided to our NASA ...support, RRTMGP_LW_v0, has been completed and distributed to selected colleagues at modeling centers, including NOAA , NCAR, and CSCS. Our colleagues

State and Local Homeland Security Officials: Who Are They and What Do They Do?

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-09-01

importance of social networking and its direct impact upon the effectiveness of their work during an emergency. (Marcus, 2005, as adapted by Bell...strict constructionists who maintain that homeland security is about terrorism, middle-of-the-road moderates who sense that an all-hazards approach... method . As the interviews were conducted, data was analyzed and patterns emerged, which then provide insight into the population being studied. The

Exploiting Novel Calcium-Mediated Apoptotic Processes for the Treatment of Human Breast Cancers with Elevated Nqo1 Levels

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-03-01

in β-Lapachone-induced programmed necrosis. Biomedical Graduate Student Symposium, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH April 2002-06.  o...of β- lapachone-induced cell death” October, 2005  o The Vance Lemmon Poster Award, Biomedical Graduate Student Symposium, Case Western Reserve...cell death” April, 2005  o The Marcus Singer Poster Award, Biomedical Graduate Student Symposium, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH for

Dynamics and Stabilization of Materials Possessing High Energy Content

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-10-31

Barton, Nucl. Acids Res., J2, 2595 (1991). 24. "Diffusion and Percolation of Radical Pairs in Zeolite Media. A Product Analysis Study," J. Am. Chem...Photobiol. A: Chem., i, 35 (1991). 33. "Effect of External Pressure on Photoinduced Electron-Transfer Reactions in the Marcus Inverted Region," W.-S. Chung...duPont (Towanda, PA), Unilever USA Research (Edgewater, NJ), IBM Almaden Research Labs (San Jose, CA), Hoeschst Chemical Company (Frankfurt, Germany

Depressive and trauma symptoms in expectant, risk-exposed, mothers and fathers: Is mindfulness a buffer?

PubMed

Hicks, Laurel M; Dayton, Carolyn J; Victor, Bryan G

2018-05-31

Perinatal depression is reported in 15-20% of women (Marcus, 2009), 8-16% of men (Paulson and Bazemore, 2010) and low-SES, diverse populations are particularly at risk (Sareen, 2011). Trauma symptoms are commonly comorbid with depression, especially when individuals are exposed to risk factors such as community violence and poverty (Kastello et al., 2015; WenzGross et al., 2016). Parental mental illness places infants at risk for negative outcomes (Junge et al., 2016). Evidence supports that dispositional mindfulness is linked to mental health in many populations, however, a gap lies in the understanding of the relationship between mindfulness, trauma and depression in risk-exposed, pregnant populations, especially with fathers. We hypothesize that dispositional mindfulness is negatively associated with lower depression and trauma symptoms in pregnancy, in mothers and fathers. Dispositional mindfulness, depressive and trauma symptoms were examined in women and men, exposed to adversity who were expecting a baby (N = 102). Independent t-tests, and bivariate correlations examined the relationships between these variables. Hierarchical regression was utilized to understand how mindfulness and trauma symptoms may contribute to antenatal depression symptoms. Significant differences were observed with mindfulness and depressive symptoms, with no differences reported across gender. Mindfulness, depressive and trauma symptoms were associated in the expected directions. Total mindfulness, specifically being non-reactive to one's own thoughts and trauma symptoms predicted depressive symptoms. Limitations include small sample size, cross-sectional data and self-report measures. Mindfulness and trauma symptoms were found to be significant predictors of depressive symptoms in parents-to-be. Those with lower mindfulness exhibited higher levels of depression. These findings may be helpful in disseminated mindfulness-based interventions aimed at treating antenatal depression in both expectant mothers and fathers who are exposed to adversity. Further research is necessary to understand the mechanisms of mindfulness in risk-exposed, expectant parents. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Long Range Spoil Disposal Study. Part 3. Sub-Study 2. Nature, Source, and Cause of Shoal

DTIC Science & Technology

1973-09-01

Report) Prepared for public release; distribution unlimited 17. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of the abetract entered In Block 20, if different from Report) IS...SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 19. KEY WORDS (Continue on reverse side if necseseey and identify by block number) Delaware River River Channel Delaware Estuary...Marcus Hook, Pa. Dredging Hydraulic Dredge Spoil Disposal Sediment transport 2o ABSTRACT r -ciftue a r verse - i- - n a eay amd ideai fy by block

Electrochemistry and Spectroelectrochemistry of Polynuclear Zinc Phthalocyanines: Formation of Mixed Valence Cation Radical Species.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-02-25

No. No. Copies Cpe Office of Naval Research 2 Dr. David You.)g Attn: Code 1113 Code 334 800 N. Quinc’ Street NORDA Arlington, Virginia 22217-5000 NSTL...Naval Surface Weapons Center Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 Or. R. A. Marcus Dr. Michael J. Weaver Department of...Microprocessor model 340 spectrometer. Cyclic and dif, rential pulse voltammetry were performed with a Princeton Applied Research (PARC) model 174A

Computer-Assisted Communication Device for Botulinum-Intoxicated Patients

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

development of small molecule therapeutics for botulinum neurotoxin and on the development of nerve agent pretreatments and therapies . He has published...Souayah, N., Karim, H., Kamin, S.S., McArdle, J. and Marcus, S. (2006) ‘Severe botulism after focal injection of botulinum toxin’, Neurology , Vol...67, pp.1855–1856. Tacket, C.O., Shandera, W.X., Mann, J.M., Hargrett, N.T. and Blake, P.A. (1984) ‘ Equine antitoxin use and other factors that

Fundamental Noise Limits in Miniature Acoustic and Vibration Sensors

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-12-31

1982) 86 WV " NADC-91113-50 [121 Anderson, Herbert L.. (ed.), A Physicist’s Desk Rcference, AIP, NY (1989) [13] Sears, Francis W. and Gerhard L...Dover, NY (1956) [16] Callen, Herbert B. and Theodore A. Welton, "Irreversibility and generalized noise," Phys. Rev. 83(1), 34-40 (1951) [17] Kittel...34] Misner, Charles W., Kip S. Thorne, and John Archibald Wheeler, Gravitation, W. H. Freeman, NY (1973) 88 NMADC-91113-50 [35] Marcuse , Dietrich

Index to FAA Office of Aerospace Medicine Reports

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

Development and evaluation of a radar air traffic control research task. AD660198 65-32 Gogel WC, Mertens HW: Problems in depth perception: A method of...and the air traffic control specialist: Some conclusions from a decade of research . ADA093266/5 80-15 Boone JO, Van Buskirk L, Steen JA: The Federal... control applicants. ADA328998 97-18 Marcus JH: A flexible cabin simulator. ADA328996 97-19 Broach D: Designing selection tests for the future National

Impact of Laurel Wilt, Caused by Raffaelea lauricola, on Leaf Gas Exchange and Xylem Sap Flow in Avocado, Persea americana.

PubMed

Ploetz, Randy C; Schaffer, Bruce; Vargas, Ana I; Konkol, Joshua L; Salvatierra, Juanpablo; Wideman, Ronney

2015-04-01

Laurel wilt, caused by Raffaelea lauricola, is a destructive disease of avocado (Persea americana). The susceptibility of different cultivars and races was examined previously but more information is needed on how this host responds to the disease. In the present study, net CO2 assimilation (A), stomatal conductance of H2O (gs), transpiration (E), water use efficiency (WUE), and xylem sap flow rates were assessed in cultivars that differed in susceptibility. After artificial inoculation with R. lauricola, there was a close relationship between symptom development and reductions in A, gs, E, WUE, and mean daily sap flow in the most susceptible cultivar, 'Russell', and significantly greater disease and lower A, gs, E, WUE, and sap flow rates were usually detected after 15 days compared with the more tolerant 'Brogdon' and 'Marcus Pumpkin'. Significant differences in preinoculation A, gs, E, and WUE were generally not detected among the cultivars but preinoculation sap flow rates were greater in Russell than in Brogdon and Marcus Pumpkin. Preinoculation sap flow rates and symptom severity for individual trees were correlated at the end of an experiment (r=0.46), indicating that a plant's susceptibility to laurel wilt was related to its ability to conduct water. The potential management of this disease with clonal rootstocks that reduce sap flow rates is discussed.

On the theory of time dilation in chemical kinetics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baig, Mirza Wasif

2017-10-01

The rates of chemical reactions are not absolute but their magnitude depends upon the relative speeds of the moving observers. This has been proved by unifying basic theories of chemical kinetics, which are transition state theory, collision theory, RRKM and Marcus theory, with the special theory of relativity. Boltzmann constant and energy spacing between permitted quantum levels of molecules are quantum mechanically proved to be Lorentz variant. The relativistic statistical thermodynamics has been developed to explain quasi-equilibrium existing between reactants and activated complex. The newly formulated Lorentz transformation of the rate constant from Arrhenius equation, of the collision frequency and of the Eyring and Marcus equations renders the rate of reaction to be Lorentz variant. For a moving observer moving at fractions of the speed of light along the reaction coordinate, the transition state possess less kinetic energy to sweep translation over it. This results in the slower transformation of reactants into products and in a stretched time frame for the chemical reaction to complete. Lorentz transformation of the half-life equation explains time dilation of the half-life period of chemical reactions and proves special theory of relativity and presents theory in accord with each other. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the present theory, the enzymatic reaction of methylamine dehydrogenase and radioactive disintegration of Astatine into Bismuth are considered as numerical examples.

The Anxious and Ambivalent Partisan: The Effect of Incidental Anxiety on Partisan Motivated Recall and Ambivalence.

PubMed

Groenendyk, Eric

2016-01-01

Affective Intelligence Theory (AIT) asserts that anxiety reduces the effect of party identification on candidate preferences (Marcus, Neuman, and MacKuen 2000), but recent studies have raised doubts about this causal claim. Rather than functioning as a moderator of party identification, perhaps anxiety has a direct effect on preferences, or perhaps the relationship is reversed and preferences drive emotions (Ladd and Lenz 2008). Alternatively, Marcus et al.'s measure of anxiety may simply be capturing partisan ambivalence, so the posited relationship is spurious (Lavine, Johnston, and Steenbergen 2012). This paper addresses each of these questions by examining the effect of experimentally induced emotions on the types of considerations that came to mind when a national sample of adult Americans was asked what they liked and disliked about Barack Obama. By directly manipulating anxiety, this experiment avoids the causal ambiguity plaguing this debate and ascertains the true nature of the relationship between anxiety and ambivalence. Consistent with AIT, anxiety led respondents to recall more contemporary considerations, whereas enthusiasm brought to mind more long-standing considerations. Because the political context at the time of the study (fall 2013) was a very tumultuous time for the Obama administration, the increased accessibility of contemporary considerations led Democratic participants to experience more ambivalence in the anxiety condition. This effect was concentrated among those Democrats who were exposed to the most newspaper coverage.

Utilizing the R/V Marcus G. Langseth's streamer to measure the acoustic radiation of its seismic source in the shallow waters of New Jersey's continental shelf.

PubMed

Crone, Timothy J; Tolstoy, Maya; Gibson, James C; Mountain, Gregory

2017-01-01

Shallow water marine seismic surveys are necessary to understand a range of Earth processes in coastal environments, including those that represent major hazards to society such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and sea-level rise. Predicting the acoustic radiation of seismic sources in shallow water, which is required for compliance with regulations designed to limit impacts on protected marine species, is a significant challenge in this environment because of variable reflectivity due to local geology, and the susceptibility of relatively small bathymetric features to focus or shadow acoustic energy. We use data from the R/V Marcus G. Langseth's towed hydrophone streamer to estimate the acoustic radiation of the ship's seismic source during a large survey of the shallow shelf off the coast of New Jersey. We use the results to estimate the distances from the source to acoustic levels of regulatory significance, and use bathymetric data from the ship's multibeam system to explore the relationships between seafloor depth and slope and the measured acoustic radiation patterns. We demonstrate that existing models significantly overestimate mitigation radii, but that the variability of received levels in shallow water suggest that in situ real-time measurements would help improve these estimates, and that post-cruise revisions of received levels are valuable in accurately determining the potential acoustic impact of a seismic survey.

Electrochemical and spectroscopic effects of mixed substituents in bis(phenolate)–copper(II) galactose oxidase model complexes

PubMed Central

Pratt, Russell C.; Lyons, Christopher T.; Wasinger, Erik C.; Stack, T. Daniel. P.

2012-01-01

Non-symmetric substitution of salen (1R1,R2) and reduced salen (2R1,R2) CuII-phenoxyl complexes with a combination of -tBu, -SiPr, and -OMe substituents leads to dramatic differences in their redox and spectroscopic properties, providing insight into the influence of the cysteine-modified tyrosine cofactor in the enzyme galactose oxidase (GO). Using a modified Marcus-Hush analysis, the oxidized copper complexes are characterized as Class II mixed-valent due to the electronic differentiation between the two substituted phenolates. Sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) assesses the degree of radical delocalization onto the single sulfur atom of non-symmetric [1tBu,SMe]+ at 7%, consistent with other spectroscopic and electrochemical results that suggest preferential oxidation of the -SMe bearing phenolate. Estimates of the thermodynamic free-energy difference between the two localized states (ΔG∘) and reorganizational energies (λR1R2) of [1R1,R2]+ and [2R1,R2]+ leads to accurate predictions of the spectroscopically observed IVCT transition energies. Application of the modified Marcus-Hush analysis to GO using parameters determined for [2R1,R2]+ predicts a νmax of ~ 13600 cm−1, well within the energy range of the broad Vis-NIR band displayed by the enzyme. PMID:22471355

[Three Jewish Germans as chief surgeons in the Berlin-Friedrichshain Hospital--a historical reminiscence].

PubMed

Franke, A; Franke, K

2005-10-01

Three jewish Germans were between 1903 and 1933 continuously in charge of a department of surgery at the oldest municipal hospital in Berlin-Friedrichshain (founded 1874). They were A. Neumann (1865-1920), Moritz Katzenstein (1872-1932) and Max Marcus (1892-1983). A. Neumann described in 1907 the so-called omentum-majus-cuff. By this a drain is wrapped up and put into a perforated ulcus pylori, which cannot be treated by another procedure. M. Katzenstein in 1900 was the first in Germany who repaired a torn off meniscus by suture with a good result (The very first was T. Annandale in Edinburgh in 1883). Aside of this procedure, important for prevention of gonarthrosis, M. K. described new methods for repairing torn ligaments of the elbow and the ankle joint. He was a close friend of Albert Einstein during his years in Berlin. Max Marcus was after the death of M. Katzenstein the youngest chief surgeon in Berlin--but only until April 1933. Then he was expelled by the Nazis, because he was a jew. In June 1933 he immigrated to Palestine and became the leading surgeon there in the later Israel. After the end of World War II he refused coming back to Germany, though F. Sauerbruch spoke about him as the "great hope for the German surgery".

The Anxious and Ambivalent Partisan

PubMed Central

Groenendyk, Eric

2016-01-01

Affective Intelligence Theory (AIT) asserts that anxiety reduces the effect of party identification on candidate preferences (Marcus, Neuman, and MacKuen 2000), but recent studies have raised doubts about this causal claim. Rather than functioning as a moderator of party identification, perhaps anxiety has a direct effect on preferences, or perhaps the relationship is reversed and preferences drive emotions (Ladd and Lenz 2008). Alternatively, Marcus et al.’s measure of anxiety may simply be capturing partisan ambivalence, so the posited relationship is spurious (Lavine, Johnston, and Steenbergen 2012). This paper addresses each of these questions by examining the effect of experimentally induced emotions on the types of considerations that came to mind when a national sample of adult Americans was asked what they liked and disliked about Barack Obama. By directly manipulating anxiety, this experiment avoids the causal ambiguity plaguing this debate and ascertains the true nature of the relationship between anxiety and ambivalence. Consistent with AIT, anxiety led respondents to recall more contemporary considerations, whereas enthusiasm brought to mind more long-standing considerations. Because the political context at the time of the study (fall 2013) was a very tumultuous time for the Obama administration, the increased accessibility of contemporary considerations led Democratic participants to experience more ambivalence in the anxiety condition. This effect was concentrated among those Democrats who were exposed to the most newspaper coverage. PMID:27274573

Field tests of a new, extractive, airborne 1.4 μm -TDLAS hygrometer (SEALDH-I) on a Learjet 35A

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buchholz, Bernhard; Ebert, Volker

2013-04-01

A highly accurate and precise quantification of atmospheric humidity is a prerequisite for cloud studies as well as for environmental models in order to get a deeper understanding of physical processes and effects. On the one hand numerous trace gases measurements in airborne "laboratories" have to be corrected for water vapor influence; on the other hand satellite measurements have to be validated by in-situ H2O measurements on aircrafts. The vast majority of the airborne hygrometers require a precise and frequent sensor calibration in order to ensure a sufficient performance. UT/LS sensors in particular are often calibrated before and after each individual flight. But even this might not be sufficient which explains why recently in-flight calibrations are becoming more common. Nevertheless all calibrated sensors completely depend on the performance of the water standard used for calibration. Therefore it remains an open question if in-flight calibrations are the way to go: They also might suffer from inflight disturbances and they would need validation during flight conditions. Water calibrations at low humidity are even more complicated due to the strong water adsorption and the resulting sampling problems. An abstention from calibration would avoid many of these problems. In addition, calibration free sensors are much easier to debug as they can hardly have errors which can be hidden by calibration parameters (such as leaks, etc.). Robust cal-free sensors should therefore perform more stable in flight when the sensors boundary conditions might change. The situation can be improved further with extractive cal-free sensors as the boundary condition in measurement volume (pressure, temperature, path length, flow pattern, etc.), i.e. in an extractive cell, are much better controlled than for an open path sensor. Further cal-free extractive sensors can be designed maintain its integrity when attaching and detaching it from the carrier (airplane). This makes it much easier to validate the sensor function e.g. by a direct comparison with a primary water standard and to ensure traceability of the results to metrological standards. On the other hand it remains important to investigate sampling effects and artifacts in order to provide true measurements of the outside air. The SEALDH-I (Selective Extractive Airborne Laser Diode Hygrometer) is a new, absolute 1.37 μm Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) hygrometer, which uses an advanced spectroscopic multiline fit and instrument stabilization process to enable a calibrations-free [1] evaluation of TDLAS signals [2]. SEALDHI is a compact (19" 4 HU), light weight (23 kg), fully extractive TDL hygrometer especially designed for space- and weight-limited airborne applications. It is based on an internal optical cell with 1.5 m optical path length. SEALDH-I's time resolution is limited by the flow through the cell: With an unpressurized inlet and gas handling system, we achieve with typical flows of 40 liter/min which leads to exchange times in the order of 0.5 sec. The laser scanning frequency of typically 140 Hz sets a maximum time resolution of 7 msec. Averaging data for about 2.1 sec ensures an excellent precision of 0.033 ppmv, which results in a band width and path length normalized precision of 72 ppbv?m?(Hz)-1-2. A dynamic range from 30 to 30000 ppmv has been proved and already validated in a blind intercomparison campaign [3]. The fast measurements, its excellent precision, validated accuracy, and absolute, calibration-free evaluation in combination with the compact, robust setup, allows airborne measurements from ground level up to the lower stratosphere. Furthermore SEALDH-I permits via its fast response time in combination with the large concentration range the resolution of fine atmospheric spatial structures and temporal fluctuations, particularly in clouds [4], where concentration gradients of 1000 ppmv per second can be present. We will present the result of the first successful flights of SEALDH-I on board of a Learjet 35A. Further detailed evaluations of the inflight data and discussion on the performance and future application possibilities will be presented at the meeting. The flights, supported by enviscope GmbH, took place during the DENCHAR campaign (Development and Evaluation of Novel Compact Hygrometer for Airborne Research, Grant No 227159), organized by H. G. J. Smit (FZ Jülich) within the framework of the EU-funded EUFAR network. [1] C. Lauer, D. Weber, S. Wagner, and V. Ebert, "Calibration Free Measurement of Atmospheric Methane Background via Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy at 1.6um," Laser Applications to Chemical, Security and Environmental Analysis (LACSEA), St. Petersburg, Florida, USA" vol. LMA2, 2008. [2] V. Ebert and J. Wolfrum, "Absorption spectroscopy," in OPTICAL MEASUREMENTS-Techniques and Applications, ed. F. Mayinger, Springer, 1994, pp. 273-312. [3] B. Buchholz, B. Kühnreich, H. G. J. Smit, and V. Ebert, "Validation of an extractive, airborne, compact TDL spectrometer for atmospheric humidity sensing by blind intercomparison," Applied Physics B, pp. DOI 10.1007/s00340-012-5143-1, Sep. 2012. [4] B. J. Murray, T. W. Wilson, S. Dobbie, Z. Cui, S. M. R. K. Al-Jumur, O. Möhler, M. Schnaiter, R. Wagner, S. Benz, M. Niemand, H. Saathoff, V. Ebert, S. Wagner, and B. Kärcher, "Heterogeneous nucleation of ice particles on glassy aerosols under cirrus conditions," Nature Geoscience, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 233-237, Mar. 2010.

Fast, multi-phase H2O measurements on board of HALO: Results from the novel HAI instrument during the first field campaigns.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buchholz, Bernhard; Afchine, Armin; Krämer, Martina; Ebert, Volker

2014-05-01

Water vapor is a key species for many questions in atmospheric research [1] [2] but is also a gas species which is complex to handle. A particular challenge is the simultaneous quantification of gas and condensed phase water. This is especially true for measurements on airborne platforms but also for laboratory experiments [3]. On research aircraft, total water measurement (i.e. the sum of gas-phase and ice-phase) is realized by sampling air with an inlet faced into flight direction ('forward' sampling) and subsequent evaporation of the ice crystals in the heated sampling lines. Gas-phase detection is typically realized using inlets facing against flight direction ('backward' sampling) or 'Rosemount' inlets where an air stream is sampled perpendicular to the high speed airflow through the inlet. For both methods it is believed that no ice crystals reach the downstream hygrometer, but the question remains - especially for Rosemount inlets - if some small ice particles or water droplets may have entered the sampling lines. In addition to the question of proper sampling of the water phases, currently no hygrometer exists that measures all phases with the same measurement principle in one instrument. In the rare occasions that multi-phase measurements are realized, gas-and condensed-phase observations rely on different methods and calibration strategies so that precision and accuracy levels are difficult to compare. The novel HAI (Hygrometer for Atmospheric Investigation) realizes a simultaneous multi-phase hygrometer in a unique concept [4]. Water detection with HAI is based on Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) with a special evaluation method allowing absolute water vapor measurements without any sensor calibration [5]. The HAI instrument contains two independent dual-channel spectrometers, one at 1.4 μm and one at 2.6 μm which allows to cover a very wide water concentration range from 1 to 30 000 ppmv. Both HAI spectrometers couple one light path in a so called "closed-path" cell [6] for total water measurement via a forward facing inlet. The other part of the laser light is coupled to an "open-path" cell [7] placed outside of the aircraft fuselage to measure gas phase water without any possible artifacts from ice or liquid particles. The frequency of the measurements can be up to 240 Hz (4.2 msec) for all four channels. Altogether, the novel HAI instrument allows fast, accurate and precise dual-phase water measurements. The individual evaluation of the multi-channel raw-data is done afterwards, without any channel interdependencies, in a calibration-free mode. The water signals are combined with an extensive set of more than 100 housekeeping data to enable a holistic data quality management and a rigorous signal scrutiny to maximize the confidence level of the final H2O values. HAI therefore represents a new unique research tool for atmospheric hygrometry to address numerous open topics in atmospheric research. First scientific HAI campaigns have been successfully realized in 2012 onboard the German research plane HALO (High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft) during the TACTS and ESMVal missions. The first two HALO campaigns in clouds (MLCIRRUS and ACRIDICON) will be realized in 2014. In our contribution we present and discuss the performance of HAI and show detailed evaluations of typical inflight data. The results of the first two HAI campaigns on HALO resulted in more than 100 operation hours of continuous data and show nice agreement between the closed-path and open-path under clear sky conditions, despite the different sampling conditions of the sensor channels and airspeed of up to 900 km/h in the open path section. All mission data are and will be uploaded to the HALO database and are available for further scientific exploitation. Furthermore, the HAI principle can be adapted to other (airborne) platforms and be used for phase resolved science of the atmospheric water cycle. In parallel HAI's cal-free data evaluation principle will be validated with metrological scrutiny to further investigate the possibility of flying field-qualified metrological transfer standards to resolve the persistent discrepancies in atmospheric hygrometry. The HAI development is funded by DFG within the SPP 1294 HALO via FKZ EB 235/3 [1] A. R. Ravishankara, Science, vol. 337, no. 6096, pp. 809-810, (2012), doi:10.1126/science.1227004. [2] S. Sherwood, S. Bony, and J. Dufresne, Nature, vol. 505, no. 7481, pp. 37-42, (2014), [3] D. Fahey R. Gao, 'Summary of the AquaVIT Water Vapor Intercomparison' source: https://aquavit.icg.kfa-juelich.de/WhitePaper/AquaVITWhitePaper_Final_23Oct2009_6MB.pdf, (2009). [4] V. Ebert, C. Lauer, H. Saathoff, S. Hunsmann, and S. Wagner, Geophys. Res.Abstr., 10, p. EGU2008-A-10066 (2008). [5] V. Ebert and J. Wolfrum, 'Absorption spectroscopy,' in Optical Measurements - Techniques and Applications, F. Mayinger and O. Feldmann, Eds., Springer Heidelberg, München, ISBN:978-3540666905, pp. 273-312, (2000). [6] B. Buchholz, B. Kühnreich, HGJ. Smit, V. Ebert, Appl. Phys. B, vol. 110, no. 2, pp. 249-262, (2013), [7] B. Buchholz, A. Afchine, A. Klein, J. Barthel, T. Klostermann, S. Kallweit, M. Krämer, C. Schiller, and V. Ebert, in DGAO Proceedings, ISSN:1614-8436 - urn:nbn:de:0287-2013-B035-5, (2013).

Genetic Studies of Strabismus, Congenital Cranial Dysinnervation Disorders (CCDDs), and Their Associated Anomalies

ClinicalTrials.gov

2018-03-21

Congenital Fibrosis of Extraocular Muscles; Duane Retraction Syndrome; Duane Radial Ray Syndrome; Mobius Syndrome; Brown Syndrome; Marcus Gunn Syndrome; Strabismus Congenital; Horizontal Gaze Palsy; Horizontal Gaze Palsy With Progressive Scoliosis; Facial Palsy; Facial Paresis, Hereditary, Congenital; Third Nerve Palsy; Fourth Nerve Palsy; Sixth Nerve Palsy; Synkinesis; Ocular Motility Disorders; Levator-Medial Rectus Synkinesis; Athabaskan Brainstem Dysgenesis; Tongue Paralysis; Ninth Nerve Disorder; Fifth Nerve Palsy; Seventh Nerve Palsy; Eleventh Nerve Disorder; Twelfth Nerve Disorder; Vagus Nerve Paralysis; Moebius Sequence

Air Force Civil Engineer, Volume 15, Number 2, 2007

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-01-01

painter wearing this gear in an atmosphere that measures 50 x TLV experiences the same level of exposure as an unprotected painter exposed to the TLV ...It’s a huge challenge, but if anyone was going to be able to do this, or had the experience , it was us. We have the most diversity; we go from...helps clear a path through a minefield near Bagram Airfield. (photo by SSgt Marcus McDonald) their last return date. During May 2006, the Air Force

Decoherence and Noise in Spin-based Solid State Quantum Computers. Approximation-Free Numerical Simulations

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-07-21

the spin coherent states P-representation", Conference on Quantum Computations and Many- Body Systems, February 2006, Key West, FL 9. B. N. Harmon...solid-state spin-based qubit systems was the focus of our project. Since decoherence is a complex many- body non-equilibrium process, and its...representation of the density matrix, see Sec. 3 below). This work prompted J. Taylor from the experimental group of C. Marcus and M. Lukin (funded by

Mechanism of Action of Botulinum Neurotoxin and Overview of Medical Countermeasures for Intoxication

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

D.F., Kane , C.T., Comille, F., and Hackley, Jr., B.E. 1999a. Evaluation of phosphoramidon and three synthetic phosphonates for inhibition of botulinum...of botulism. Clin. Toxicol. II: 19-25. Chertow, D.S., Tan, E.T., Maslanka, S., Schulte, J., Bresnitz, E.A., Weisman, RS., Bernstein, J., Marcus , S.M...manner in which the toxin of Clostridiumbotulinum act upon the body . II. The effect upon the voluntary nervous system. J. Exp. Med.38:327-346. Dolly, J.O

Proceedings of the International Symposium on Methodologies for Intelligent Systems (Poster Session) (7th) held at Trondheim, Norway, on 15-18 June, 1993

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-06-18

David Hislop (US Army Research Office), Eero Hyvonen (VTT, Finland), Marek Karpinski (Bonn, Germany), Yves Kodratoff (Paris VI, France), Jan...21] M. P. Marcus, A theory of Syntactic Recognition for Natural Language, The MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1980 [221 K.R. McKeown, The TEXT System...H. Simon, The Sciences of the Artificial, The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, ( 1980 ). 3. M.D. Mesarovich, D. Macko, Y. Takahara Y., Theory of Hierarchical

Integration of Narrative Processing, Data Fusion, and Database Updating Techniques in an Automated System.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-10-29

are implemented, respectively, in the files "W-Update," "W-combine" and RW-Copy," listed in the appendix. The appendix begins with a typescript of an...the typescript ) and the copying process (steps 45 and 46) are shown as human actions in the typescript , but can be performed easily by a "master...for Natural Language, M. Marcus, MIT Press, 1980. I 29 APPENDIX: DATABASE UPDATING EXPERIMENT 30 CONTENTS Typescript of an experiment in Rosie

Responsiveness and Reliability: A History of the Philadelphia District and the Marine Design Center, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1972-2008

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

Philadelphia, Pa., to the mouth of the Delaware Bay, with appropriate bend widenings, partial deepening of the Marcus Hook anchorage, and relocation...flyway. • Tasked by the North Atlantic Division to support relocating the Army’s C4ISR electronics research and development program to Aberdeen...bill that, in his words , “would cost billions of dollars and often do more harm than good.” His actions outraged Philadelphia’s Delaware River

Organic magnetoresistance based on hopping theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Fu-Jiang; Xie, Shi-Jie

2014-09-01

For the organic magnetoresistance (OMAR) effect, we suggest a spin-related hopping of carriers (polarons) based on Marcus theory. The mobility of polarons is calculated with the master equation (ME) and then the magnetoresistance (MR) is obtained. The theoretical results are consistent with the experimental observation. Especially, the sign inversion of the MR under different driving bias voltages found in the experiment is predicted. Besides, the effects of molecule disorder, hyperfine interaction (HFI), polaron localization, and temperature on the MR are investigated.

Annual Report on Electronics Research at The University of Texas at Austin.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-15

Kathleen A. Thrush, Chemistry David Grant, Physics *Jim Weidner, EE Jessy Grizzle, EE *Evan Westwood, Physics Jim Higdon John E. White, AerospaceJae...129 (1982). M. H . Kelley and M. Fink, "The Temperature Dependence of the Molecular Structure Parameters of SF 6" J. Chem. Phys. 77, pp. 1813-1817 (1982...D. Finello and H . L. Marcus, "Correlation of Electronic State and Fracture Path of Aluminum-Graphite Interfaces," Scripta Met., 16, 855 (1982). M. H

Evaluation of Malware Target Recognition Deployed in a Cloud-Based Fileserver Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-01

many of these detection techniques could be evaded with simple obfuscation. Kolter and Maloof extend Schultz’s research in [KM04] and [KM06]. Their...69 [KM04] Jeremy Z. Kolter and Marcus A. Maloof. Learning to detect malicious executables in the wild. In Proceedings of the tenth ACM SIGKDD...international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining, KDD ’04, pages 470–478, New York, NY, USA, 2004. ACM. [KM06] J.Z. Kolter and M.A. Maloof

Travails of travel. Subtle and obscure causes of illness.

PubMed

Gordon, M E

1988-07-01

Knowledge of patients' travel history is an important facet of diagnosis. Malaria, Chagas' disease, toxoplasmosis, Lyme disease, arboviruses, and many other relatively unusual diseases can be contracted while the patient is traveling, and the symptoms, which may mimic another disease, may not become obvious until the patient returns. The Roman philosopher Marcus Aurelius Antoninus alerts us to easier resolutions of our daily diagnostic dilemmas: "Look within and let neither the peculiar quality of anything nor its value escape thee."

A 2MASS Analysis of the Stability and Star Formation in Southern Bok Globules

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Racca, G. A.; de La Reza, R.

2006-06-01

Bok globules are the simplest molecular clouds in which the study of low-mass star formation is not affected by disruptive phenomena that occur in other clouds that are actively forming low- and high-mass stars. The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) offer a great possibility to survey these clouds in the near-infrared distributed along the Galaxy. In this work we present extinction maps of Southern Bok globules from the catalog of Bourke, Hyland & Robinson (1995) constructed from extincted background stars in the 2MASS JHK_s bands. The radial distribution of column density obtained from these maps are then modeled with different solutions that arise from several models of the gravitational collapse of molecular clouds cores. We adjust these profiles with Bonnor-Ebert spheres, negative-index polytropes and a simple power-law. This work will help constrain the early stages of the process of isolated star formation of low-mass stars.

Slow Cooling in Low Metallicity Clouds: An Origin of Globular Cluster Bimodality?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fernandez, Ricardo; Bryan, Greg L.

2018-05-01

We explore the relative role of small-scale fragmentation and global collapse in low-metallicity clouds, pointing out that in such clouds the cooling time may be longer than the dynamical time, allowing the cloud to collapse globally before it can fragment. This, we suggest, may help to explain the formation of the low-metallicity globular cluster population, since such dense stellar systems need a large amount of gas to be collected in a small region (without significant feedback during the collapse). To explore this further, we carry out numerical simulations of low-metallicity Bonner-Ebert stable gas clouds, demonstrating that there exists a critical metallicity (between 0.001 and 0.01 Z⊙) below which the cloud collapses globally without fragmentation. We also run simulations including a background radiative heating source, showing that this can also produce clouds that do not fragment, and that the critical metallicity - which can exceed the no-radiation case - increases with the heating rate.

29 CFR 779.259 - What is included in annual gross volume.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... whole. The computation of the annual gross volume of sales or business of the enterprise is made... Coverage Annual Gross Volume of Sales Made Or Business Done § 779.259 What is included in annual gross volume. (a) The annual gross volume of sales made or business done of an enterprise consists of its gross...

29 CFR 779.259 - What is included in annual gross volume.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... whole. The computation of the annual gross volume of sales or business of the enterprise is made... Coverage Annual Gross Volume of Sales Made Or Business Done § 779.259 What is included in annual gross volume. (a) The annual gross volume of sales made or business done of an enterprise consists of its gross...

26 CFR 1.832-1 - Gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... deposit premiums received, but not assessments, shall be excluded from gross income. Gross income does not... 26 Internal Revenue 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Gross income. 1.832-1 Section 1.832-1 Internal... TAXES Other Insurance Companies § 1.832-1 Gross income. (a) Gross income as defined in section 832(b)(1...

Utilizing the R/V Marcus G. Langseth’s streamer to measure the acoustic radiation of its seismic source in the shallow waters of New Jersey’s continental shelf

PubMed Central

Tolstoy, Maya; Gibson, James C.; Mountain, Gregory

2017-01-01

Shallow water marine seismic surveys are necessary to understand a range of Earth processes in coastal environments, including those that represent major hazards to society such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and sea-level rise. Predicting the acoustic radiation of seismic sources in shallow water, which is required for compliance with regulations designed to limit impacts on protected marine species, is a significant challenge in this environment because of variable reflectivity due to local geology, and the susceptibility of relatively small bathymetric features to focus or shadow acoustic energy. We use data from the R/V Marcus G. Langseth’s towed hydrophone streamer to estimate the acoustic radiation of the ship’s seismic source during a large survey of the shallow shelf off the coast of New Jersey. We use the results to estimate the distances from the source to acoustic levels of regulatory significance, and use bathymetric data from the ship’s multibeam system to explore the relationships between seafloor depth and slope and the measured acoustic radiation patterns. We demonstrate that existing models significantly overestimate mitigation radii, but that the variability of received levels in shallow water suggest that in situ real-time measurements would help improve these estimates, and that post-cruise revisions of received levels are valuable in accurately determining the potential acoustic impact of a seismic survey. PMID:28800634

Demonstration-site development and phytoremediation processes associated with trichloroethene (TCE) in ground water, Naval Air Station-Joint Reserve Base Carswell Field, Fort Worth, Texas

USGS Publications Warehouse

Shah, Sachin D.; Braun, Christopher L.

2004-01-01

A field-scale phytoremediation demonstration study was initiated in 1996 by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force, at a site on Naval Air StationJoint Reserve Base Carswell Field (NAS–JRB) adjacent to Air Force Plant 4 (AFP4) in Fort Worth, Tex. (fig. 1). Trichloroethene (TCE) has been used at AFP4 in aircraft manufacturing processes for decades; spills and leaks from tanks in the manufacturing building have resulted in shallow ground-water contamination on-site and downgradient from the facility (Eberts and others, 2003). The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of eastern cottonwoods (Populus deltoides) in decreasing the mass of dissolved TCE in ground water through phytoremediation. Phytoremediation is a process by which plants decrease the mass of a contaminant through a variety of chemical, physical, and biological means. Before development of the phytoremediation demonstration site, natural attenuation of TCE at the site occurred by sorption, dispersion, dilution, and possibly volatilization (Eberts and others, 2003).Long-term, field-scale monitoring and evaluation of this site contribute to the understanding of the processes associated with phytoremediation and provide practical information about field-scale applications of the method. This fact sheet briefly summarizes the development of the phytoremediation demonstration site at NAS–JRB and describes some of the physical and chemical processes associated with phytoremediation. The phytoremediation demonstration site is on the southern edge of the central lobe of a TCE plume in the surficial (alluvial) aquifer. The plume originates at AFP4 about 0.9 mile upgradient from the site (fig. 1). The 9.5-acre site is in the northwestern corner of the golf course on NAS–JRB. The saturated thickness of the alluvial aquifer, which is composed of clay, silt, sand, and gravel, ranges from about 1.5 to 5 feet at the site. The total thickness of the alluvial aquifer ranges from about 6 to 15 feet. The Goodland-Walnut confining unit, composed of massively bedded shaley limestone, underlies the alluvial aquifer. The general direction of ground-water flow in the study area (fig. 2) is from northwest to southeast, approximately perpendicular to the long sides of the cottonwood plantations. Ground water flows toward Farmers Branch Creek in the area southwest of the golf cart path. At the time of site characterization in August 1996, depth to water ranged from 8 to 13 feet below land surface.

Bathymetric and sediment facies maps for China Bend and Marcus Flats, Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake, Washington, 2008 and 2009

USGS Publications Warehouse

Weakland, Rhonda J.; Fosness, Ryan L.; Williams, Marshall L.; Barton, Gary J.

2011-01-01

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) created bathymetric and sediment facies maps for portions of two reaches of Lake Roosevelt in support of an interdisciplinary study of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) and their habitat areas within Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake, Washington. In October 2008, scientists from the USGS used a boat-mounted multibeam echo sounder (MBES) to describe bathymetric data to characterize surface relief at China Bend and Marcus Flats, between Northport and Kettle Falls, Washington. In March 2009, an underwater video camera was used to view and record sediment facies that were then characterized by sediment type, grain size, and areas of sand deposition. Smelter slag has been identified as having the characteristics of sand-sized black particles; the two non-invasive surveys attempted to identify areas containing black-colored particulate matter that may be elements and minerals, organic material, or slag. The white sturgeon population in Lake Roosevelt is threatened by the failure of natural recruitment, resulting in a native population that consists primarily of aging fish and that is gradually declining as fish die and are not replaced by nonhatchery reared juvenile fish. These fish spawn and rear in the riverine and upper reservoir reaches where smelter slag is present in the sediment of the river lake bed. Effects of slag on the white sturgeon population in Lake Roosevelt are largely unknown. Two recent studies demonstrated that copper and other metals are mobilized from slag in aqueous environments with concentrations of copper and zinc in bed sediments reaching levels of 10,000 and 30,000 mg/kg due to the presence of smelter slag. Copper was found to be highly toxic to 30-day-old white sturgeon with 96-h LC50 concentrations ranging from 3 to 5 (u or mu)g copper per liter. Older juvenile and adult sturgeons commonly ingest substantial amounts of sediment while foraging. Future study efforts in Lake Roosevelt should include sampling of bottom material to confirm the presence or absence of slag material indicated on the map. In addition, follow-up acoustic work to determine stream velocities at varying discharges, in conjunction with sediment mapping, would be helpful to more accurately identify areas of scour and areas of sediment deposition where slag deposits may accumulate within the Marcus Flats and China Bend reaches. MBES mapping could also be used to determine changes in bed elevation and sedimentation in the study reaches and could help evaluate annual deposition and provide estimates on fine-sediment thickness.

26 CFR 1.61-1 - Gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Gross income. 1.61-1 Section 1.61-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Definition of Gross Income, Adjusted Gross Income, and Taxable Income § 1.61-1 Gross...

Effects of land use change on soil gross nitrogen transformation rates in subtropical acid soils of Southwest China.

PubMed

Xu, Yongbo; Xu, Zhihong

2015-07-01

Land use change affects soil gross nitrogen (N) transformations, but such information is particularly lacking under subtropical conditions. A study was carried out to investigate the potential gross N transformation rates in forest and agricultural (converted from the forest) soils in subtropical China. The simultaneously occurring gross N transformations in soil were quantified by a (15)N tracing study under aerobic conditions. The results showed that change of land use types substantially altered most gross N transformation rates. The gross ammonification and nitrification rates were significantly higher in the agricultural soils than in the forest soils, while the reverse was true for the gross N immobilization rates. The higher total carbon (C) concentrations and C / N ratio in the forest soils relative to the agricultural soils were related to the greater gross N immobilization rates in the forest soils. The lower gross ammonification combined with negligible gross nitrification rates, but much higher gross N immobilization rates in the forest soils than in the agricultural soils suggest that this may be a mechanism to effectively conserve available mineral N in the forest soils through increasing microbial biomass N, the relatively labile organic N. The greater gross nitrification rates and lower gross N immobilization rates in the agricultural soils suggest that conversion of forests to agricultural soils may exert more negative effects on the environment by N loss through NO3 (-) leaching or denitrification (when conditions for denitrification exist).

36 CFR 13.1102 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... under 100 tons gross (U.S. System) or 2,000 tons gross (International Convention System) engaged in... less than 200 tons gross (U.S. Tonnage “Simplified Measurement System”) and not more than 24 meters (79... means any motor vessel of at least 100 tons gross (U.S. System) or 2,000 tons gross (International...

36 CFR 13.1102 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... under 100 tons gross (U.S. System) or 2,000 tons gross (International Convention System) engaged in... less than 200 tons gross (U.S. Tonnage “Simplified Measurement System”) and not more than 24 meters (79... means any motor vessel of at least 100 tons gross (U.S. System) or 2,000 tons gross (International...

Unified theory of the exciplex formation/dissipation.

PubMed

Khokhlova, Svetlana S; Burshtein, Anatoly I

2010-11-04

The natural extension and reformulation of the unified theory (UT) proposed here makes it integro-differential and capable of describing the distant quenching of excitation by electron transfer, accompanied with contact but reversible exciplex formation. The numerical solution of the new UT equations allows specifying the kinetics of the fluorescence quenching and exciplex association/dissociation as well as those reactions' quantum yields. It was demonstrated that the distant electron transfer in either the normal or inverted Marcus regions screens the contact reaction of exciplex formation, especially at slow diffusion.

How many molecules are required to measure a cyclic voltammogram?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cutress, Ian J.; Compton, Richard G.

2011-05-01

The stochastic limit at which fully-reversible cyclic voltammetry can accurately be measured is investigated. Specifically, Monte Carlo GPU simulation is used to study low concentration cyclic voltammetry at a microdisk electrode over a range of scan rates and concentrations, and the results compared to the statistical limit as predicted by finite difference simulation based on Fick's Laws of Diffusion. Both Butler-Volmer and Marcus-Hush electrode kinetics are considered, simulated via random-walk methods, and shown to give identical results in the fast kinetic limit.

Does Marcus-Hush theory really work Optical studies of intervalence transfer in acetylene-bridged biferrocene monocation at infinite dilution and at finite ionic strengths

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Blackbourn, R.L.; Hupp, J.T.

1990-03-08

Intervalence charge-transfer data for acetylene-bridged biferrocene monocation (Bf{sup +}) have been collected in five solvents in the presence and absence of excess electrolyte and in the limit of infinite chromophore dilution. The study was motivated by earlier work which demonstrated that the intervalence absorption maximum for Bf{sup +} in methylene chloride could vary substantially with both chromophore concentration and added electrolyte concentration. In the present study similar (but smaller) variations are found in other solvents.

Calculation of Kinetic Data for Processes Leading to UV Signatures

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-03-31

Jv we make use of the numerical algorithm developed by Stodden and Micha 17, extending it to the equations of motion in curvilinear coordinates. To be...in the field of the average potential V(Q). The set of equations (4.13’) have been recently derived by Stodden and Michat 5 in a more tedious.way by...B. Bloom, J. Chem. Phys. 83, 5703 (1985) 5 P. K. Swamninathan, C. D. Stodden , and D. A. Micha, J. Chem. Phys., in press (1989). 6 R. A. Marcus, Chem

USSR Report, Political and Sociological Affairs, No. 1434

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-07-25

author loves to make a splash by using slang expressions such as "neulyby" /"frowners^, "nudyagi" /"bores_| y , or "boyaguzy" /cowards/. And he couldn’t...small format. "In the past 5 years four books of large format have been published: selected works of R. Descarte and J.-J. Rousseau, ’The Republic...ligion and Science’ of B. Russell and ’Vocation of Man’ of J. G. Fichte. Books of M. Montaigne, Marcus Aurelius and Epictetus are being prepared for

29 CFR 794.122 - Ascertainment of “annual” gross sales volume.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Ascertainment of âannualâ gross sales volume. 794.122... Annual Gross Volume of Sales § 794.122 Ascertainment of “annual” gross sales volume. The annual gross volume of sales of an enterprise engaged in the wholesale or bulk distribution of petroleum products...

Giant elves: Lightning-generated electromagnetic pulses in giant planets.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Luque Estepa, Alejandro; Dubrovin, Daria; José Gordillo-Vázquez, Francisco; Ebert, Ute; Parra-Rojas, Francisco Carlos; Yair, Yoav; Price, Colin

2015-04-01

We currently have direct optical observations of atmospheric electricity in the two giant gaseous planets of our Solar System [1-5] as well as radio signatures that are possibly generated by lightning from the two icy planets Uranus and Neptune [6,7]. On Earth, the electrical activity of the troposphere is associated with secondary electrical phenomena called Transient Luminous Events (TLEs) that occur in the mesosphere and lower ionosphere. This led some researchers to ask if similar processes may also exist in other planets, focusing first on the quasi-static coupling mechanism [8], which on Earth is responsible for halos and sprites and then including also the induction field, which is negligible in our planet but dominant in Saturn [9]. However, one can show that, according to the best available estimation for lightning parameters, in giant planets such as Saturn and Jupiter the effect of the electromagnetic pulse (EMP) dominates the effect that a lightning discharge has on the lower ionosphere above it. Using a Finite-Differences, Time-Domain (FDTD) solver for the EMP we found [10] that electrically active storms may create a localized but long-lasting layer of enhanced ionization of up to 103 cm-3 free electrons below the ionosphere, thus extending the ionosphere downward. We also estimate that the electromagnetic pulse transports 107 J to 1010 J toward the ionosphere. There emissions of light of up to 108 J would create a transient luminous event analogous to a terrestrial elve. Although these emissions are about 10 times fainter than the emissions coming from the lightning itself, it may be possible to target them for detection by filtering the appropiate wavelengths. [1] Cook, A. F., II, T. C. Duxbury, and G. E. Hunt (1979), First results on Jovian lightning, Nature, 280, 794, doi:10.1038/280794a0. [2] Little, B., C. D. Anger, A. P. Ingersoll, A. R. Vasavada, D. A. Senske, H. H. Breneman, W. J. Borucki, and The Galileo SSI Team (1999), Galileo images of lightning on Jupiter, Icarus, 142, 306-323, doi:10.1006/icar.1999.6195. [3] Dyudina, U. A., A. D. Del Genio, A. P. Ingersoll, C. C. Porco, R. A. West, A. R. Vasavada, and J. M. Barbara (2004), Lightning on Jupiter observed in the Hα line by the Cassini imaging science subsystem, Icarus, 172, 24-36, doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.07.014. [4] Baines, K. H., et al. (2007), Polar lightning and decadal-scale cloud variability on Jupiter, Science, 318, 226-229, doi:10.1126/science.1147912. [5] Dyudina, U. A., A. P. Ingersoll, S. P. Ewald, C. C. Porco, G. Fischer, W. S. Kurth, and R. A. West (2010), Detection of visible lightning on Saturn, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L09205, doi:10.1029/2010GL043188. [6] Zarka, P., and B. M. Pedersen (1986), Radio detection of Uranian lightning by Voyager 2, Nature, 323, 605-608, doi:10.1038/323605a0. [7] Gurnett, D. A., W. S. Kurth, I. H. Cairns, and L. J. Granroth (1990), Whistlers in Neptune's magnetosphere'Evidence of atmospheric lightning, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 20,967-20,976, doi:10.1029/JA095iA12p20967. [8] Yair, Y., Y. Takahashi, R. Yaniv, U. Ebert, and Y. Goto (2009), A study of the possibility of sprites in the atmospheres of other planets, J. Geophys. Res., 114, E09002, doi:10.1029/2008JE003311. [9] Dubrovin, D., A. Luque, F. J. Gordillo-Vázquez, Y. Yair, F. C. Parra-Rojas, U. Ebert, and C. Price (2014), Impact of lightning on the lower ionosphere of Saturn and possible generation of halos and sprites, Icarus, 241, 313-328, doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.06.025. [10] Luque, A., D. Dubrovin, F. J. Gordillo-Vázquez, U. Ebert, F. C. Parra-Rojas, Y. Yair, and C. Price (2014), Coupling between atmospheric layers in gaseous giant planets due to lightning-generated electromagnetic pulses, J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 119, doi:10.1002/2014JA020457.

Gross-alpha and gross-beta activities in airborne particulate samples. Analysis and prediction models.

PubMed

Dueñas, C; Fernández, M C; Carretero, J; Liger, E; Cañete, S

2001-04-01

Measurements of gross-alpha and gross-beta activities were made every week during the years 1992-1997 for airborne particulate samples collected using air filters at a clear site. The data are sufficiently numerous to allow the examination of variations in time and by these measurements to establish several features that should be important in understanding any trends of atmospheric radioactivity. Two models were used to predict the gross-alpha and gross-beta activities. A good agreement between the results of these models and the measurements was highlighted.

Gross Motor Profile and Its Association with Socialization Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders.

PubMed

Pusponegoro, Hardiono D; Efar, Pustika; Soedjatmiko; Soebadi, Amanda; Firmansyah, Agus; Chen, Hui-Ju; Hung, Kun-Long

2016-12-01

While social impairment is considered to be the core deficit in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a large proportion of these children have poor gross motor ability, and gross motor deficits may influence socialization skills in children with ASD. The objectives of this study were to compare gross motor skills in children with ASD to typically developing children, to describe gross motor problems in children with ASD, and to investigate associations between gross motor and socialization skills in children with ASD. This was a cross-sectional study including 40 ASD children aged from 18 months to 6 years and 40 age-matched typically developing controls. Gross motor and socialization skills were scored using the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, 2 nd edition (Vineland-II). Below average gross motor function was found in eight of 40 (20%) ASD children. The mean gross motor v-scale score in the ASD group was 15.1 [standard deviation (SD) 3.12], significantly lower than in the control group [18.7, SD 2.09, p = 0.0001; 95% confidence intervals (CI) from -4.725 to -2.525]. The differences were most prominent in ball throwing and catching, using stairs, jumping, and bicycling. The ASD children with gross motor impairments had a mean socialization domain score of 66.6 (SD 6.50) compared to 85.7 (SD 10.90) in those without gross motor impairments (p = 0.0001, 95% CI from -25.327 to -12.736). Children with ASD had lower gross motor skills compared to typically developing children. Gross motor impairments were found in 20% of the ASD children, and these children also had lower socialization skills than those without gross motor impairments. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier B.V.

29 CFR 794.120 - Meaning of “annual gross volume of sales.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Meaning of âannual gross volume of sales.â 794.120 Section... of Sales § 794.120 Meaning of “annual gross volume of sales.” The annual gross volume of sales of an... gross volume derived from all sales transactions is included, and will embrace among other things...

A global assessment of gross and net land change dynamics for current conditions and future scenarios

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fuchs, Richard; Prestele, Reinhard; Verburg, Peter H.

2018-05-01

The consideration of gross land changes, meaning all area gains and losses within a pixel or administrative unit (e.g. country), plays an essential role in the estimation of total land changes. Gross land changes affect the magnitude of total land changes, which feeds back to the attribution of biogeochemical and biophysical processes related to climate change in Earth system models. Global empirical studies on gross land changes are currently lacking. Whilst the relevance of gross changes for global change has been indicated in the literature, it is not accounted for in future land change scenarios. In this study, we extract gross and net land change dynamics from large-scale and high-resolution (30-100 m) remote sensing products to create a new global gross and net change dataset. Subsequently, we developed an approach to integrate our empirically derived gross and net changes with the results of future simulation models by accounting for the gross and net change addressed by the land use model and the gross and net change that is below the resolution of modelling. Based on our empirical data, we found that gross land change within 0.5° grid cells was substantially larger than net changes in all parts of the world. As 0.5° grid cells are a standard resolution of Earth system models, this leads to an underestimation of the amount of change. This finding contradicts earlier studies, which assumed gross land changes to appear in shifting cultivation areas only. Applied in a future scenario, the consideration of gross land changes led to approximately 50 % more land changes globally compared to a net land change representation. Gross land changes were most important in heterogeneous land systems with multiple land uses (e.g. shifting cultivation, smallholder farming, and agro-forestry systems). Moreover, the importance of gross changes decreased over time due to further polarization and intensification of land use. Our results serve as an empirical database for land change dynamics that can be applied in Earth system models and integrated assessment models.

A post Gurney quantum mechanical perspective on the electrolysis of water: ion neutralization in solution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guo, Enyi; McKenzie, David R.

2017-11-01

Electron fluxes crossing the interface between a metallic conductor and an aqueous environment are important in many fields; hydrogen production, environmental scanning tunnelling microscopy, scanning electrochemical microscopy being some of them. Gurney (Gurney 1931 Proc. R. Soc. Lond. 134, 137 (doi:10.1098/rspa.1931.0187)) provided in 1931 a scheme for tunnelling during electrolysis and outlined conditions for it to occur. We measure the low-voltage current flows between gold electrodes in pure water and use the time-dependent behaviour at voltage switch-on and switch-off to evaluate the relative contribution to the steady current arising from tunnelling of electrons between the electrodes and ions in solution and from the neutralization of ions adsorbed onto the electrode surface. We ascribe the larger current contribution to quantum tunnelling of electrons to and from ions in solution near the electrodes. We refine Gurney's barrier scheme to include solvated electron states and quantify energy differences using updated information. We show that Gurney's conditions would prevent the current flow at low voltages we observe but outline how the ideas of Marcus (Marcus 1956 J. Chem. Phys. 24, 966-978 (doi:10.1063/1.1742723)) concerning solvation fluctuations enable the condition to be relaxed. We derive an average barrier tunnelling model and a multiple pathways tunnelling model and compare predictions with measurements of the steady-state current-voltage relation. The tunnelling barrier was found to be wide and low in agreement with other experimental studies. Applications as a biosensing mechanism are discussed that exploit the fast tunnelling pathways along molecules in solution.

Structural evolution of preexisting oceanic crust through intraplate igneous activities in the Marcus-Wake seamount chain

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kaneda, Kentaro; Kodaira, Shuichi; Nishizawa, Azusa; Morishita, Taisei; Takahashi, Narumi

2010-10-01

Multichannel seismic reflection studies and seismic refraction surveys with ocean bottom seismographs in the Marcus-Wake seamount chain in the northwestern Pacific Ocean reveal P wave velocity structures of hot spot-origin seamounts and adjacent oceanic crust. Inside the seamounts are central high-velocity (>6.5 km/s) structures extending nearly to the top that may indicate intrusive cores. Thick sediment layers (up to 4 km) with P wave velocities of 4-5 km/s have accumulated on seafloor that predates seamount formation. Downward crustal thickening of up to 2 km was documented beneath a large seamount cluster, but thickening was not confirmed below a small seamount cluster. Volume ratios of an intrusive core to a seamount body are 15-20%, indicating that most of the supplied magma was consumed in forming the thick sedimentary and volcaniclastic layer constituting the seamount flanks. Underplating and downward crustal thickening may tend to occur when second or later intrusive cores are formed in a seamount. P wave velocities in the lowest crust and in the uppermost mantle below the seamount chain are 0.1-0.2 km/s higher and 0.3-0.5 km/s lower, respectively, than velocities below oceanic crust. We explain this difference as a result of sill-like intrusion of magma into the lower crust and uppermost mantle. Reflected waves observed at offsets >200 km are from mantle reflectors at depths of 30-45 km and 55-70 km. The shallower reflectors may indicate structures formed by intraplate igneous activities, and the deeper reflectors may correspond to the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary.

Symmetrical windowing for quantum states in quasi-classical trajectory simulations: Application to electron transfer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cotton, Stephen J.; Igumenshchev, Kirill; Miller, William H.

2014-08-01

It has recently been shown [S. J. Cotton and W. H. Miller, J. Chem. Phys. 139, 234112 (2013)] that a symmetrical windowing quasi-classical (SQC) approach [S. J. Cotton and W. H. Miller, J. Phys. Chem. A 117, 7190 (2013)] applied to the Meyer-Miller model [H.-D. Meyer and W. H. Miller, J. Chem. Phys. 70, 3214 (1979)] for the electronic degrees of freedom in electronically non-adiabatic dynamics is capable of quantitatively reproducing quantum mechanical results for a variety of test applications, including cases where "quantum" coherence effects are significant. Here we apply this same SQC methodology, within a flux-side correlation function framework, to calculate thermal rate constants corresponding to several proposed models of electron transfer processes [P. Huo, T. F. Miller III, and D. F. Coker, J. Chem. Phys. 139, 151103 (2013); A. R. Menzeleev, N. Ananth, and T. F. Miller III, J. Chem. Phys. 135, 074106 (2011)]. Good quantitative agreement with Marcus Theory is obtained over several orders of magnitude variation in non-adiabatic coupling. Moreover, the "inverted regime" in thermal rate constants (with increasing bias) known from Marcus Theory is also reproduced with good accuracy by this very simple classical approach. The SQC treatment is also applied to a recent model of photoinduced proton coupled electron transfer [C. Venkataraman, A. V. Soudackov, and S. Hammes-Schiffer, J. Chem. Phys. 131, 154502 (2009)] and population decay of the photoexcited donor state is found to be in reasonable agreement with results calculated via reduced density matrix theory.

Symmetrical windowing for quantum states in quasi-classical trajectory simulations: Application to electron transfer

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cotton, Stephen J.; Igumenshchev, Kirill; Miller, William H., E-mail: millerwh@berkeley.edu

It has recently been shown [S. J. Cotton and W. H. Miller, J. Chem. Phys. 139, 234112 (2013)] that a symmetrical windowing quasi-classical (SQC) approach [S. J. Cotton and W. H. Miller, J. Phys. Chem. A 117, 7190 (2013)] applied to the Meyer-Miller model [H.-D. Meyer and W. H. Miller, J. Chem. Phys. 70, 3214 (1979)] for the electronic degrees of freedom in electronically non-adiabatic dynamics is capable of quantitatively reproducing quantum mechanical results for a variety of test applications, including cases where “quantum” coherence effects are significant. Here we apply this same SQC methodology, within a flux-side correlation functionmore » framework, to calculate thermal rate constants corresponding to several proposed models of electron transfer processes [P. Huo, T. F. Miller III, and D. F. Coker, J. Chem. Phys. 139, 151103 (2013); A. R. Menzeleev, N. Ananth, and T. F. Miller III, J. Chem. Phys. 135, 074106 (2011)]. Good quantitative agreement with Marcus Theory is obtained over several orders of magnitude variation in non-adiabatic coupling. Moreover, the “inverted regime” in thermal rate constants (with increasing bias) known from Marcus Theory is also reproduced with good accuracy by this very simple classical approach. The SQC treatment is also applied to a recent model of photoinduced proton coupled electron transfer [C. Venkataraman, A. V. Soudackov, and S. Hammes-Schiffer, J. Chem. Phys. 131, 154502 (2009)] and population decay of the photoexcited donor state is found to be in reasonable agreement with results calculated via reduced density matrix theory.« less

[The physical therapy undergraduate students' responses to the gross human anatomy subjects].

PubMed

Anahara, Reiko; Kawashiro, Yukiko; Matsuno, Yoshiharu; Mori, Chisato; Kohno, Toshihiko

2008-09-01

Instruction in gross human anatomy is one of the important items in the subject for co-medical students of the physical therapist course. The physical therapy undergraduate students are required to have a solid understanding of the structure and formation of the human body. Therefore, their good-understanding of the course on the gross human anatomy and their experience of the gross human anatomy laboratory (observation practice) are acquired to improve their knowledge of the human body. To clarify the student responses to the gross human anatomy course including the gross human anatomy laboratory, several questionnaires were administered to the freshman physical therapy undergraduate student for two years. We found that more than 80% of the students, who felt a negative attitude for gross human anatomy before the course started, had a positive attitude about the gross human anatomy after going through the course. The experience of the gross human anatomy laboratory increased the students' activity of learning and they thought more about the dignity of being human after the course than before viewing. In addition, the results suggested that the multiple experiences of the gross human anatomy course are useful for the physical therapy undergraduate students to improve the quality of their understanding of the human body.

Gross Motor Development.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida Learning Resources System/CROWN, Jacksonville.

The document is designed to help teachers identify and remediate gross motor development deficits in elementary school students. A definition of gross motor development and a checklist of gross motor skills are provided. Sections cover the following topics: successful teaching techniques; activities for perceptual-motor training; activities for…

7 CFR 1400.501 - Determination of average adjusted gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Determination of average adjusted gross income. 1400... PAYMENT ELIGIBILITY FOR 2009 AND SUBSEQUENT CROP, PROGRAM, OR FISCAL YEARS Average Adjusted Gross Income Limitation § 1400.501 Determination of average adjusted gross income. (a) Except as otherwise provided in...

7 CFR 701.17 - Average adjusted gross income limitation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Average adjusted gross income limitation. 701.17... RELATED PROGRAMS PREVIOUSLY ADMINISTERED UNDER THIS PART § 701.17 Average adjusted gross income limitation... 9003), each applicant must meet the provisions of the Adjusted Gross Income Limitations at 7 CFR part...

75 FR 9257 - SBA Lender Risk Rating System

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-01

... Liquidation Rate; 3. Gross Delinquency Rate; 4. Gross Past-Due Rate; 5. Six (6) Month Net Flow Indicator; 6.... The statistical analysis performed showed that incorporating the Portfolio Size/Age component improved...) Month Delinquency Rate; 3. Gross Delinquency Rate; 4. Gross Past-Due Rate; 5. Average Small Business...

75 FR 78897 - Definition of Omission From Gross Income

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-17

... Definition of Omission From Gross Income AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Final regulations. SUMMARY: This document contains final regulations defining an omission from gross income for... overstatement of basis in a sold asset results in an omission from gross income. The regulations will affect any...

20 CFR 209.13 - Employers' gross earnings reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... RAILROAD EMPLOYERS' REPORTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES § 209.13 Employers' gross earnings reports. (a) Each employer is required to report the gross earnings of a one-percent sample group of railroad employees. The... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Employers' gross earnings reports. 209.13...

National Guard Posture Statement 2010. America’s Indispensable Force

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

Michael T. Fuga, AS* SSG Carl R. Fuller, GA SPC Marcus S. Futrell, GA CSM Marilyn L. Gabbard, IA SGT Jerry L. Ganey Jr., GA SGT Seth K. Garceau, IA...Timoteo, NJ SPC Eric L. Toth, KY SSG Robin L. Towns Sr., MD SPC Seth R. Trahan, LA SPC Quoc Binh Tran, CA SSG Philip L. Travis, GA CW4 Chester W. Troxel...SFC Charles H. Warren, GA 1SG William T. Warren, AR SFC Mark C. Warren, OR SPC Glenn J. Watkins , CA MSG Davy N. Weaver, GA SGT Matthew A. Webber, MI SFC

Anomalously large effects of pressure on electron transfer kinetics in solution: The aqueous manganate(VI)-permanganate(VII) system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Swaddle, T. W.; Spiccia, L.

1986-05-01

The classical Stranks-Hush-Marcus theory of pressure effects on the rates of outer-sphere electron transfer reaction rates in solution underestimates |ΔV ∗| specifically, for the MnO 4/MnO 42- (aq) exchange, ΔV ∗=-21.2 (observed) vs. -6.6 cm3mol-1 (calculated). This discrepancy can best be resolved by conceding that the Mn-Mn separation σ in the transition state is variable and pressure-sensitive in the context of non-adiabatic electron transfer within an ellipsoidal cavity with σ ∼ 550 pm.

Psychoanalysis and the community mental health movement.

PubMed

Croghan, L M

1975-01-01

Psychoanalysis and CMHM were once enemies. Psychoanalysis has made noteworthy advances toward the CMHM idea both in technique changes and in community involvement. It is possible that CMHM may finally reject all psychoanalytic contribution and face its future without a theory. If that takes place, the CMHM some day in its future may turn a corner and find itself face to face with the lonely, individual man, conscious of his past and fearful of the unexplained anxiety within him. It is then that the CMHM will find itself once again studying the works of Herbert Marcuse, Erik Erikson, Sigmund Freud, and the psychoanalytic world.

Optimizing Naval Hospital Camp Pendleton’s Primary Care Access by Managing Demand of the Emergency Department through a Health Services Center: A Marcus Welby Care Initiative

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-06-01

10 strep throat . I want to order a throat culture and start you on some antibiotics." As quickly as the doctor appeared, he was gone, moving on to the...TRICARE Prime. She wakes up one morning with an awful sore throat and difficulty swallowing. She tries to contact her Primary Care Manager (PCM) by...next of what seemed a never ending stream of patients. After the throat culture and an additional hour wait at the pharmacy, Mrs. Smith is on her way

46 CFR 69.117 - Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage. 69.117 Section 69.117 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) DOCUMENTATION AND... inclusion in gross tonnage. (a) Purpose. This section lists spaces which are exempt from inclusion in gross...

46 CFR 69.117 - Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage. 69.117 Section 69.117 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) DOCUMENTATION AND... inclusion in gross tonnage. (a) Purpose. This section lists spaces which are exempt from inclusion in gross...

46 CFR 69.117 - Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage. 69.117 Section 69.117 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) DOCUMENTATION AND... inclusion in gross tonnage. (a) Purpose. This section lists spaces which are exempt from inclusion in gross...

26 CFR 1.872-1 - Gross income of nonresident alien individuals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 9 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Gross income of nonresident alien individuals. 1...) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Corporations § 1.872-1 Gross income of nonresident alien individuals. (a) In general—(1) Inclusions. The gross income of a...

26 CFR 1.872-1 - Gross income of nonresident alien individuals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 9 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Gross income of nonresident alien individuals. 1...) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Corporations § 1.872-1 Gross income of nonresident alien individuals. (a) In general—(1) Inclusions. The gross income of a...

26 CFR 1.872-1 - Gross income of nonresident alien individuals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Gross income of nonresident alien individuals. 1...) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Corporations § 1.872-1 Gross income of nonresident alien individuals. (a) In general—(1) Inclusions. The gross income of a nonresident alien...

26 CFR 1.872-1 - Gross income of nonresident alien individuals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 9 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Gross income of nonresident alien individuals. 1...) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Corporations § 1.872-1 Gross income of nonresident alien individuals. (a) In general—(1) Inclusions. The gross income of a...

26 CFR 1.872-1 - Gross income of nonresident alien individuals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 9 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Gross income of nonresident alien individuals. 1...) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Corporations § 1.872-1 Gross income of nonresident alien individuals. (a) In general—(1) Inclusions. The gross income of a...

Development of Rapid Radiochemical Method for Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activity Concentration in Flowback and Produced Waters from Hydraulic Fracturing Operations

EPA Science Inventory

This report summarizes the development and validation of an improved method for the Determination of Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activity in Flowback and Produced Waters from Hydraulic Fracturing Operations (FPWHFO). Flowback and produced waters are characterized by high concentra...

7 CFR 701.117 - Average adjusted gross income limitation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Average adjusted gross income limitation. 701.117... Conservation Program § 701.117 Average adjusted gross income limitation. To be eligible for payments issued... the provisions of the Adjusted Gross Income Limitations at 7 CFR part 1400 subpart G. [72 FR 45880...

7 CFR 1410.44 - Average adjusted gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Average adjusted gross income. 1410.44 Section 1410... Average adjusted gross income. (a) Benefits under this part will not be available to persons or legal entities whose average adjusted gross income exceeds $1,000,000 or as further specified in part 1400...

7 CFR 1410.44 - Average adjusted gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Average adjusted gross income. 1410.44 Section 1410... Average adjusted gross income. (a) Benefits under this part will not be available to persons or legal entities whose average adjusted gross income exceeds $1,000,000 or as further specified in part 1400...

5 CFR 890.1112 - Denial of continuation of coverage due to involuntary separation for gross misconduct.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... involuntary separation for gross misconduct. 890.1112 Section 890.1112 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF... involuntary separation for gross misconduct. (a) Notice of denial. (1) When an employing office determines that the offense for which an employee is being removed constitutes gross misconduct for the purpose of...

5 CFR 890.1112 - Denial of continuation of coverage due to involuntary separation for gross misconduct.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... involuntary separation for gross misconduct. 890.1112 Section 890.1112 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF... involuntary separation for gross misconduct. (a) Notice of denial. (1) When an employing office determines that the offense for which an employee is being removed constitutes gross misconduct for the purpose of...

5 CFR 890.1112 - Denial of continuation of coverage due to involuntary separation for gross misconduct.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... involuntary separation for gross misconduct. 890.1112 Section 890.1112 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF... involuntary separation for gross misconduct. (a) Notice of denial. (1) When an employing office determines that the offense for which an employee is being removed constitutes gross misconduct for the purpose of...

5 CFR 890.1112 - Denial of continuation of coverage due to involuntary separation for gross misconduct.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... involuntary separation for gross misconduct. 890.1112 Section 890.1112 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF... involuntary separation for gross misconduct. (a) Notice of denial. (1) When an employing office determines that the offense for which an employee is being removed constitutes gross misconduct for the purpose of...

5 CFR 890.1112 - Denial of continuation of coverage due to involuntary separation for gross misconduct.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... involuntary separation for gross misconduct. 890.1112 Section 890.1112 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF... involuntary separation for gross misconduct. (a) Notice of denial. (1) When an employing office determines that the offense for which an employee is being removed constitutes gross misconduct for the purpose of...

26 CFR 1.809-4 - Gross amount.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... categories of items taken into account are: (1) Premiums. (i) The gross amount of all premiums and other... premiums and premiums and other consideration arising out of reinsurance ceded. The term gross amount of... 26 Internal Revenue 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Gross amount. 1.809-4 Section 1.809-4 Internal...

26 CFR 1.904-6 - Allocation and apportionment of taxes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... accrued. Gross income, as determined under foreign law, in the passive category shall first be reduced by... 954(b)(5) and § 1.904-5(c)(2)(ii)(C) (adjusted gross passive income). Gross income in all separate categories (including adjusted gross passive income) is next reduced by deducting any expenses, losses, or...

26 CFR 1.904-6 - Allocation and apportionment of taxes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... accrued. Gross income, as determined under foreign law, in the passive category shall first be reduced by... 954(b)(5) and § 1.904-5(c)(2)(ii)(C) (adjusted gross passive income). Gross income in all separate categories (including adjusted gross passive income) is next reduced by deducting any expenses, losses, or...

Gross motor skill development of kindergarten children in Japan.

PubMed

Aye, Thanda; Kuramoto-Ahuja, Tsugumi; Sato, Tamae; Sadakiyo, Kaori; Watanabe, Miyoko; Maruyama, Hitoshi

2018-05-01

[Purpose] The purposes of this study were to assess and explore the gender-based differences in gross motor skill development of 5-year-old Japanese children. [Subjects and Methods] This cross-sectional study recruited 60 healthy 5-year-old (third-year kindergarten, i.e., nencho ) children (34 boys, 26 girls) from one local private kindergarten school in Otawara city, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Gross motor skills, including six locomotor and six object control skills, were assessed using the test of gross motor development, second edition (TGMD-2). All subjects performed two trials of each gross motor skill, and the performances were video-recorded and scored. Assessment procedures were performed according to the standardized guidelines of the TGMD-2. [Results] The majority of subjects had an average level of overall gross motor skills. Girls had significantly better locomotor skills. Boys had significantly better object control skills. [Conclusion] The gross motor skill development of 5-year-old Japanese children involves gender-based differences in locomotor and object control skills. This study provided valuable information that can be used to establish normative references for the gross motor skills of 5-year-old Japanese children.

Developmental and physical-fitness associations with gross motor coordination problems in Peruvian children.

PubMed

de Chaves, Raquel Nichele; Bustamante Valdívia, Alcibíades; Nevill, Alan; Freitas, Duarte; Tani, Go; Katzmarzyk, Peter T; Maia, José António Ribeiro

2016-01-01

The aims of this cross-sectional study were to examine the developmental characteristics (biological maturation and body size) associated with gross motor coordination problems in 5193 Peruvian children (2787 girls) aged 6-14 years from different geographical locations, and to investigate how the probability that children suffer with gross motor coordination problems varies with physical fitness. Children with gross motor coordination problems were more likely to have lower flexibility and explosive strength levels, having adjusted for age, sex, maturation and study site. Older children were more likely to suffer from gross motor coordination problems, as were those with greater body mass index. However, more mature children were less likely to have gross motor coordination problems, although children who live at sea level or at high altitude were more likely to suffer from gross motor coordination problems than children living in the jungle. Our results provide evidence that children and adolescents with lower physical fitness are more likely to have gross motor coordination difficulties. The identification of youths with gross motor coordination problems and providing them with effective intervention programs is an important priority in order to overcome such developmental problems, and help to improve their general health status. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Polar winter cloud depolarization measurements with the CANDAC Rayleigh-Mie-Raman Lidar

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McCullough, E. M.; Nott, G. J.; Duck, T. J.; Sica, R. J.; Doyle, J. G.; Pike-thackray, C.; Drummond, J. R.

2011-12-01

Clouds introduce a significant positive forcing to the Arctic radiation budget and this is strongest during the polar winter when shortwave radiation is absent (Intrieri et al., 2002). The amount of forcing depends on the occurrence probability and optical depth of the clouds as well as the cloud particle phase (Ebert and Curry 1992). Mixed-phase clouds are particularly complex as they involve interactions between three phases of water (vapour, liquid and ice) coexisting in the same cloud. Although significant progress has been made in characterizing wintertime Arctic clouds (de Boer et al., 2009 and 2011), there is considerable variability in the relative abundance of particles of each phase, in the morphology of solid particles, and in precipitation rates depending on the meteorology at the time. The Canadian Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Change (CANDAC) Rayleigh-Mie-Raman Lidar (CRL) was installed in the Canadian High Arctic at Eureka, Nunavut (80°N, 86°W) in 2008-2009. The remotely-operated system began with measurement capabilities for multi-wavelength aerosol extinction, water vapour mixing ratio, and tropospheric temperature profiles, as well as backscatter cross section coefficient and colour ratio. In 2010, a new depolarization channel was added. The capability to measure the polarization state of the return signal allows the characterization of the cloud in terms of liquid and ice water content, enabling the lidar to probe all three phases of water in these clouds. Lidar depolarization results from 2010 and 2011 winter clouds at Eureka will be presented, with a focus on differences in downwelling radiation between mixed phase clouds and ice clouds. de Boer, G., E.W. Eloranta, and M.D. Shupe (2009), Arctic mixed-phase stratiform cloud properties from multiple years of surface-based measurements at two high-latitude locations, Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 66 (9), 2874-2887. de Boer, G., H. Morrison, M. D. Shupe, and R. Hildner (2011), Evidence of liquid dependent ice nucleation in high-latitude stratiform clouds from surface remote sensors, Geophysical Research Letters, 38, L01803. Ebert, EE and J.A .Curry (1992), A parameterization of ice cloud optical properties for climate models, Journal of Geophysical Research 97:3831-3836. Intrieri JM, Fairall CW, Shupe MD, Persson POG, Andreas EL, Guest PS, Moritz RE. 2002. An annual cycle of Arctic surface cloud forcing at SHEBA. Journal of Geophysical Research 107 NO. C10, 8039 . Noel, V., H. Chepfer, M. Haeffelin, and Y. Morille (2006), Classification of ice crystal shapes in midlatitude ice clouds from three years of lidar observations over the SIRTA observatory. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 63:2978 - 2991.

Relation between hand function and gross motor function in full term infants aged 4 to 8 months.

PubMed

Nogueira, Solange F; Figueiredo, Elyonara M; Gonçalves, Rejane V; Mancini, Marisa C

2015-01-01

In children, reaching emerges around four months of age, which is followed by rapid changes in hand function and concomitant changes in gross motor function, including the acquisition of independent sitting. Although there is a close functional relationship between these domains, to date they have been investigated separately. To investigate the longitudinal profile of changes and the relationship between the development of hand function (i.e. reaching for and manipulating an object) and gross motor function in 13 normally developing children born at term who were evaluated every 15 days from 4 to 8 months of age. The number of reaches and the period (i.e. time) of manipulation to an object were extracted from video synchronized with the Qualisys(r) movement analysis system. Gross motor function was measured using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale. ANOVA for repeated measures was used to test the effect of age on the number of reaches, the time of manipulation and gross motor function. Hierarchical regression models were used to test the associations of reaching and manipulation with gross motor function. RESULTS revealed a significant increase in the number of reaches (p<0.001), the time of manipulation (p<0.001) and gross motor function (p<0.001) over time, as well as associations between reaching and gross motor function (R2=0.84; p<0.001) and manipulation and gross motor function (R2=0.13; p=0.02) from 4 to 6 months of age. Associations from 6 to 8 months of age were not significant. The relationship between hand function and gross motor function was not constant, and the age span from 4 to 6 months was a critical period of interdependency of hand function and gross motor function development.

Simultaneous determination of gross alpha, gross beta and ²²⁶Ra in natural water by liquid scintillation counting.

PubMed

Fons, J; Zapata-García, D; Tent, J; Llauradó, M

2013-11-01

The determination of gross alpha, gross beta and (226)Ra activity in natural waters is useful in a wide range of environmental studies. Furthermore, gross alpha and gross beta parameters are included in international legislation on the quality of drinking water [Council Directive 98/83/EC]. In this work, a low-background liquid scintillation counter (Wallac, Quantulus 1220) was used to simultaneously determine gross alpha, gross beta and (226)Ra activity in natural water samples. Sample preparation involved evaporation to remove (222)Rn and its short-lived decay daughters. The evaporation process concentrated the sample ten-fold. Afterwards, a sample aliquot of 8 mL was mixed with 12 mL of Ultima Gold AB scintillation cocktail in low-diffusion vials. In this study, a theoretical mathematical model based on secular equilibrium conditions between (226)Ra and its short-lived decay daughters is presented. The proposed model makes it possible to determine (226)Ra activity from two measurements. These measurements also allow determining gross alpha and gross beta simultaneously. To validate the proposed model, spiked samples with different activity levels for each parameter were analysed. Additionally, to evaluate the model's applicability in natural water, eight natural water samples from different parts of Spain were analysed. The eight natural water samples were also characterised by alpha spectrometry for the naturally occurring isotopes of uranium ((234)U, (235)U and (238)U), radium ((224)Ra and (226)Ra), (210)Po and (232)Th. The results for gross alpha and (226)Ra activity were compared with alpha spectrometry characterization, and an acceptable concordance was obtained. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Gross-beta activity in ground water: natural sources and artifacts of sampling and laboratory analysis

USGS Publications Warehouse

Welch, Alan H.

1995-01-01

Gross-beta activity has been used as an indicator of beta-emitting isotopes in water since at least the early 1950s. Originally designed for detection of radioactive releases from nuclear facilities and weapons tests, analysis of gross-beta activity is widely used in studies of naturally occurring radioactivity in ground water. Analyses of about 800 samples from 5 ground-water regions of the United States provide a basis for evaluating the utility of this measurement. The data suggest that measured gross-beta activities are due to (1) long-lived radionuclides in ground water, and (2) ingrowth of beta-emitting radionuclides during holding times between collection of samples and laboratory measurements.Although40K and228Ra appear to be the primary sources of beta activity in ground water, the sum of40K plus228Ra appears to be less than the measured gross-beta activity in most ground-water samples. The difference between the contribution from these radionuclides and gross-beta activity is most pronounced in ground water with gross-beta activities > 10 pCi/L, where these 2 radionuclides account for less than one-half the measured ross-beta activity. One exception is groundwater from the Coastal Plain of New Jersey, where40K plus228Ra generally contribute most of the gross-beta activity. In contrast,40K and228Ra generally contribute most of beta activity in ground water with gross-beta activities < 1 pCi/L.The gross-beta technique does not measure all beta activity in ground water. Although3H contributes beta activity to some ground water, it is driven from the sample before counting and therefore is not detected by gross-beta measurements. Beta-emitting radionuclides with half-lives shorter than a few days can decay to low values between sampling and counting. Although little is known about concentrations of most short-lived beta-emitting radionuclides in environmental ground water (water unaffected by direct releases from nuclear facilities and weapons tests), their activities are expected to be low.Ingrowth of beta-emitting radionuclides during sample holding times can contribute to gross-beta activity, particularly in ground water with gross-beta activities > 10 pCi/L. Ingrowth of beta-emitting progeny of238U, specifically234Pa and234Th, contributes much of the measured gross-beta activity in ground water from 4 of the 5 areas studied. Consequently, gross-beta activity measurements commonly overestimate the abundance of beta-emitting radionuclides actually present in ground water. Differing sample holding times before analysis lead to differing amounts of ingrowth of the two progeny. Therefore, holding times can affect observed gross-beta measurements, particularly in ground water with238U activities that are moderate to high compared with the activity of40K plus228Ra. Uncertainties associated with counting efficiencies for beta particles with different energies further complicate the interpretation of gross-beta measurements.

26 CFR 1.832-4 - Gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... TAXES (CONTINUED) Other Insurance Companies § 1.832-4 Gross income. (a)(1) Gross income as defined in... under section 61, except that in the case of a mutual fire insurance company described in section 831(a... gross income. Section 832(b)(1)(D) provides that in the case of a mutual fire or flood insurance company...

26 CFR 1.832-4 - Gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... TAXES (CONTINUED) Other Insurance Companies § 1.832-4 Gross income. (a)(1) Gross income as defined in... under section 61, except that in the case of a mutual fire insurance company described in section 831(a... gross income. Section 832(b)(1)(D) provides that in the case of a mutual fire or flood insurance company...

26 CFR 1.832-4 - Gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... TAXES (CONTINUED) Other Insurance Companies § 1.832-4 Gross income. (a)(1) Gross income as defined in... under section 61, except that in the case of a mutual fire insurance company described in section 831(a... gross income. Section 832(b)(1)(D) provides that in the case of a mutual fire or flood insurance company...

26 CFR 1.832-4 - Gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... TAXES (CONTINUED) Other Insurance Companies § 1.832-4 Gross income. (a)(1) Gross income as defined in... under section 61, except that in the case of a mutual fire insurance company described in section 831(a... gross income. Section 832(b)(1)(D) provides that in the case of a mutual fire or flood insurance company...

26 CFR 1.882-3 - Gross income of a foreign corporation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 9 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Gross income of a foreign corporation. 1.882-3... TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Foreign Corporations § 1.882-3 Gross income of a foreign corporation. (a) In general—(1) Inclusions. The gross income of a foreign corporation for any taxable year...

48 CFR 29.401-4 - New Mexico gross receipts and compensating tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false New Mexico gross receipts... ACQUISITION REGULATION GENERAL CONTRACTING REQUIREMENTS TAXES Contract Clauses 29.401-4 New Mexico gross... Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax Act of the State of New Mexico, Sec. 7-9-3(k) NM SA 1978, and means...

46 CFR 69.169 - Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage. 69.169... MEASUREMENT OF VESSELS MEASUREMENT OF VESSELS Dual Measurement System § 69.169 Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage. The tonnage of the following spaces is exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage: (a) Spaces...

46 CFR 69.169 - Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage. 69.169... MEASUREMENT OF VESSELS MEASUREMENT OF VESSELS Dual Measurement System § 69.169 Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage. The tonnage of the following spaces is exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage: (a) Spaces...

46 CFR 69.169 - Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage. 69.169... MEASUREMENT OF VESSELS MEASUREMENT OF VESSELS Dual Measurement System § 69.169 Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage. The tonnage of the following spaces is exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage: (a) Spaces...

48 CFR 29.401-4 - New Mexico gross receipts and compensating tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false New Mexico gross receipts... ACQUISITION REGULATION GENERAL CONTRACTING REQUIREMENTS TAXES Contract Clauses 29.401-4 New Mexico gross... Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax Act of the State of New Mexico, Sec. 7-9-3(k) NM SA 1978, and means...

48 CFR 29.401-4 - New Mexico gross receipts and compensating tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false New Mexico gross receipts... ACQUISITION REGULATION GENERAL CONTRACTING REQUIREMENTS TAXES Contract Clauses 29.401-4 New Mexico gross... Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax Act of the State of New Mexico, Sec. 7-9-3(k) NM SA 1978, and means...

48 CFR 29.401-4 - New Mexico gross receipts and compensating tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false New Mexico gross receipts... ACQUISITION REGULATION GENERAL CONTRACTING REQUIREMENTS TAXES Contract Clauses 29.401-4 New Mexico gross... Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax Act of the State of New Mexico, Sec. 7-9-3(k) NM SA 1978, and means...

48 CFR 29.401-4 - New Mexico gross receipts and compensating tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false New Mexico gross receipts... ACQUISITION REGULATION GENERAL CONTRACTING REQUIREMENTS TAXES Contract Clauses 29.401-4 New Mexico gross... Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax Act of the State of New Mexico, Sec. 7-9-3(k) NM SA 1978, and means...

46 CFR 69.169 - Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage. 69.169... MEASUREMENT OF VESSELS MEASUREMENT OF VESSELS Dual Measurement System § 69.169 Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage. The tonnage of the following spaces is exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage: (a) Spaces...

46 CFR 69.169 - Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage. 69.169... MEASUREMENT OF VESSELS MEASUREMENT OF VESSELS Dual Measurement System § 69.169 Spaces exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage. The tonnage of the following spaces is exempt from inclusion in gross tonnage: (a) Spaces...

23 CFR 658.17 - Weight.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... maximum gross vehicle weight shall be 80,000 pounds except where lower gross vehicle weight is dictated by... of axles, or a vehicle is 20,000 pounds. (d) The maximum gross weight on tandem axles is 34,000... first and last axle is 36 feet or more. In no case shall the total gross weight of a vehicle exceed 80...

26 CFR 1.148-7 - Spending exceptions to the rebate requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... excluded from the gross proceeds of the prior issue under the special definition of gross proceeds in... treated as gross proceeds of the refunding issue. Thus, for the refunding issue to qualify for the 6-month... those amounts continue to be used in a manner that does not cause those amounts to be gross proceeds...

Quenching mechanism of Zn(salicylaldimine) by nitroaromatics.

PubMed

Germain, Meaghan E; Vargo, Thomas R; McClure, Beth Anne; Rack, Jeffrey J; Van Patten, P Gregory; Odoi, Michael; Knapp, Michael J

2008-07-21

Nitroaromatics and nitroalkanes quench the fluorescence of Zn(Salophen) (H2Salophen = N,N'-phenylene-bis-(3,5-di- tert-butylsalicylideneimine); ZnL(R)) complexes. A structurally related family of ZnL(R) complexes (R = OMe, di-tBu, tBu, Cl, NO2) were prepared, and the mechanisms of fluorescence quenching by nitroaromatics were studied by a combined kinetics and spectroscopic approach. The fluorescent quantum yields for ZnL(R) were generally high (Phi approximately 0.3) with sub-nanosecond fluorescence lifetimes. The fluorescence of ZnL(R) was quenched by nitroaromatic compounds by a mixture of static and dynamic pathways, reflecting the ZnL(R) ligand bulk and reduction potential. Steady-state Stern-Volmer plots were curved for ZnL(R) with less-bulky substituents (R = OMe, NO2), suggesting that both static and dynamic pathways were important for quenching. Transient Stern-Volmer data indicated that the dynamic pathway dominated quenching for ZnL(R) with bulky substituents (R = tBu, DtBu). The quenching rate constants with varied nitroaromatics (ArNO2) followed the driving force dependence predicted for bimolecular electron transfer: ZnL* + ArNO2 --> ZnL(+) + ArNO2(-). A treatment of the diffusion-corrected quenching rates with Marcus theory yielded a modest reorganization energy (lambda = 25 kcal/mol), and a small self-exchange reorganization energy for ZnL*/ZnL(+) (ca. 20 kcal/mol) was estimated from the Marcus cross-relation, suggesting that metal phenoxyls may be robust biological redox cofactors. Electronic structure calculations indicated very small changes in bond distances for the ZnL --> ZnL(+) oxidation, suggesting that solvation was the dominant contributor to the observed reorganization energy. These mechanistic insights provide information that will be helpful to further develop ZnL(R) as sensors, as well as for potential photoinduced charge transfer chemistry.

Use of in situ and confocal Raman spectroscopy to study the nature and distribution of carotenoids in brown patinas from a deteriorated wall painting in Marcus Lucretius House (Pompeii).

PubMed

Maguregui, M; Knuutinen, U; Trebolazabala, J; Morillas, H; Castro, K; Martinez-Arkarazo, I; Madariaga, J M

2012-02-01

Colonisation of wall paintings by microorganisms and other organisms is a well-known problematic phenomenon. Besides taxonomic identification of the biodeteriogen, it is essential to evaluate the consequences of the colonisation, e.g., unsightly coloured patinas. This work proposes new methodology for characterisation of the nature of the main carotenoids and their distribution in brown stains or patinas of a deteriorated wall painting on the north wall of the atrium of Marcus Lucretius House (Pompeii, Italy). Characterisation of the brown patinas and surrounding areas (plaster and polychromy) from the wall painting started with in situ screening using, mainly, a portable Raman instrument with a handheld FTIR (DRIFTS sampling interface) in order to select the sampling areas suitable for further analysis in the laboratory. Two wall painting fragments were then analysed in the laboratory in two steps. First, microscopic observations (SEM and phase-contrast microscopy) were used to determine whether biodeteriogens were present in the samples. In a second step, confocal Raman microscopy (785 and 514 nm excitation lasers) was used to characterise the main biogenic compounds of the brown stains. Because of the resonance Raman effect (514 nm excitation laser), it was possible to obtain reliable Raman features to assign not only the nature of the main biogenic pigments (carotenoids) present in the stains, but also their spatial conformation. Moreover, Raman confocal applications, for example, Raman imaging and depth profiling were also used in a first attempt to determine the distribution of biosynthesised carotenoids in the stains, and to determine the thickness of the brown patinas.

Driving force analysis of proton tunnelling across a reactivity series for an enzyme-substrate complex.

PubMed

Hothi, Parvinder; Hay, Sam; Roujeinikova, Anna; Sutcliffe, Michael J; Lee, Michael; Leys, David; Cullis, Paul M; Scrutton, Nigel S

2008-11-24

Quantitative structure-activity relationships are widely used to probe C-H bond breakage by quinoprotein enzymes. However, we showed recently that p-substituted benzylamines are poor reactivity probes for the quinoprotein aromatic amine dehydrogenase (AADH) because of a requirement for structural change in the enzyme-substrate complex prior to C-H bond breakage. This rearrangement is partially rate limiting, which leads to deflated kinetic isotope effects for p-substituted benzylamines. Here we report reactivity (driving force) studies of AADH with p-substituted phenylethylamines for which the kinetic isotope effect (approximately 16) accompanying C-H/C-(2)H bond breakage is elevated above the semi-classical limit. We show bond breakage occurs by quantum tunnelling and that within the context of the environmentally coupled framework for H-tunnelling the presence of the p-substituent places greater demand on the apparent need for fast promoting motions. The crystal structure of AADH soaked with phenylethylamine or methoxyphenylethylamine indicates that the structural change identified with p-substituted benzylamines should not limit the reaction with p-substituted phenylethylamines. This is consistent with the elevated kinetic isotope effects measured with p-substituted phenylethylamines. We find a good correlation in the rate constant for proton transfer with bond dissociation energy for the reactive C-H bond, consistent with a rate that is limited by a Marcus-like tunnelling mechanism. As the driving force becomes larger, the rate of proton transfer increases while the Marcus activation energy becomes smaller. This is the first experimental report of the driving force perturbation of H-tunnelling in enzymes using a series of related substrates. Our study provides further support for proton tunnelling in AADH.

Basic instincts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hutson, Matthew

2018-05-01

In their adaptability, young children demonstrate common sense, a kind of intelligence that, so far, computer scientists have struggled to reproduce. Gary Marcus, a developmental cognitive scientist at New York University in New York City, believes the field of artificial intelligence (AI) would do well to learn lessons from young thinkers. Researchers in machine learning argue that computers trained on mountains of data can learn just about anything—including common sense—with few, if any, programmed rules. But Marcus says computer scientists are ignoring decades of work in the cognitive sciences and developmental psychology showing that humans have innate abilities—programmed instincts that appear at birth or in early childhood—that help us think abstractly and flexibly. He believes AI researchers ought to include such instincts in their programs. Yet many computer scientists, riding high on the successes of machine learning, are eagerly exploring the limits of what a naïve AI can do. Computer scientists appreciate simplicity and have an aversion to debugging complex code. Furthermore, big companies such as Facebook and Google are pushing AI in this direction. These companies are most interested in narrowly defined, near-term problems, such as web search and facial recognition, in which blank-slate AI systems can be trained on vast data sets and work remarkably well. But in the longer term, computer scientists expect AIs to take on much tougher tasks that require flexibility and common sense. They want to create chatbots that explain the news, autonomous taxis that can handle chaotic city traffic, and robots that nurse the elderly. Some computer scientists are already trying. Such efforts, researchers hope, will result in AIs that sit somewhere between pure machine learning and pure instinct. They will boot up following some embedded rules, but will also learn as they go.

Theoretical study on the charge transport in single crystals of TCNQ, F2-TCNQ and F4-TCNQ.

PubMed

Ji, Li-Fei; Fan, Jian-Xun; Zhang, Shou-Feng; Ren, Ai-Min

2018-01-31

2,5-Difluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F 2 -TCNQ) was recently reported to display excellent electron transport properties in single crystal field-effect transistors (FETs). Its carrier mobility can reach 25 cm 2 V -1 s -1 in devices. However, its counterparts TCNQ and F 4 -TCNQ (tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane) do not exhibit the same highly efficient behavior. To better understand this significant difference in charge carrier mobility, a multiscale approach combining semiclassical Marcus hopping theory, a quantum nuclear enabled hopping model and molecular dynamics simulations was performed to assess the electron mobilities of the F n -TCNQ (n = 0, 2, 4) systems in this work. The results indicated that the outstanding electron transport behavior of F 2 -TCNQ arises from its effective 3D charge carrier percolation network due to its special packing motif and the nuclear tunneling effect. Moreover, the poor transport properties of TCNQ and F 4 -TCNQ stem from their invalid packing and strong thermal disorder. It was found that Marcus theory underestimated the mobilities for all the systems, while the quantum model with the nuclear tunneling effect provided reasonable results compared to experiments. Moreover, the band-like transport behavior of F 2 -TCNQ was well described by the quantum nuclear enabled hopping model. In addition, quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analysis and symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) were used to characterize the intermolecular interactions in TCNQ, F 2 -TCNQ and F 4 -TCNQ crystals. A primary understanding of various noncovalent interaction responses for crystal formation is crucial to understand the structure-property relationships in organic molecular materials.

Longitudinal Association Between Gross Motor Capacity and Neuromusculoskeletal Function in Children and Youth With Cerebral Palsy.

PubMed

Vos, Rimke C; Becher, Jules G; Voorman, Jeanine M; Gorter, Jan Willem; van Eck, Mirjam; van Meeteren, Jetty; Smits, Dirk-Wouter; Twisk, Jos W; Dallmeijer, Annet J

2016-08-01

To examine associations over longitudinal measurements between neuromusculoskeletal function and gross motor capacity in children and youth with cerebral palsy (CP). A prospective cohort study. Rehabilitation departments of university medical centers and rehabilitations centers. A sample (N=327) consisting of 148 children (aged 5-9y) and 179 youth (aged 11-20y) with CP, Gross Motor Function Classification System level I (n=180), level II (n=44), level III (n=36), level IV (n=34), and level V (n=33). Not applicable. Gross motor capacity was assessed with the Gross Motor Function Measure-66 over a period of 2 to 4 years in different age cohorts. Neuromusculoskeletal function included selective motor control (SMC), muscle strength, spasticity, and range of motion (ROM) of the lower extremities. Multilevel analyses showed that SMC was significantly associated with gross motor capacity in children and youth with CP, showing higher values and a more favorable course of gross motor capacity in those with better SMC. Strength was only associated with gross motor capacity in youth. Reduced ROM of hip (children) and knee extension (youth) and spasticity of the hip adductors (youth) were additionally-but more weakly-associated with lower values and a less favorable course of gross motor capacity. Results indicate that children and youth with more severely impaired SMC and youth with reduced muscle strength have a less favorable course of gross motor capacity, while spasticity and reduced ROM are less determinative. Copyright © 2016 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Factors Associated with Enhanced Gross Motor Progress in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Register-Based Study.

PubMed

Størvold, Gunfrid V; Jahnsen, Reidun B; Evensen, Kari Anne I; Romild, Ulla K; Bratberg, Grete H

2018-05-01

To examine associations between interventions and child characteristics; and enhanced gross motor progress in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Prospective cohort study based on 2048 assessments of 442 children (256 boys, 186 girls) aged 2-12 years registered in the Cerebral Palsy Follow-up Program and the Cerebral Palsy Register of Norway. Gross motor progress estimates were based on repeated measures of reference percentiles for the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66) in a linear mixed model. Mean follow-up time: 2.9 years. Intensive training was the only intervention factor associated with enhanced gross motor progress (mean 3.3 percentiles, 95% CI: 1.0, 5.5 per period of ≥3 sessions per week and/or participation in an intensive program). Gross motor function was on average 24.2 percentiles (95% CI: 15.2, 33.2) lower in children with intellectual disability compared with others. Except for eating problems (-10.5 percentiles 95% CI: -18.5, -2.4) and ankle contractures by age (-1.9 percentiles 95% CI: -3.6, -0.2) no other factors examined were associated with long-term gross motor progress. Intensive training was associated with enhanced gross motor progress over an average of 2.9 years in children with CP. Intellectual disability was a strong negative prognostic factor. Preventing ankle contractures appears important for gross motor progress.

46 CFR 130.240 - Anchors and chains for OSVs of 100 or more gross tons.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Anchors and chains for OSVs of 100 or more gross tons... SUPPLY VESSELS VESSEL CONTROL, AND MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS Miscellaneous Equipment and Systems § 130.240 Anchors and chains for OSVs of 100 or more gross tons. (a) Each OSV of 100 or more gross...

46 CFR 130.240 - Anchors and chains for OSVs of 100 or more gross tons.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Anchors and chains for OSVs of 100 or more gross tons... SUPPLY VESSELS VESSEL CONTROL, AND MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS Miscellaneous Equipment and Systems § 130.240 Anchors and chains for OSVs of 100 or more gross tons. (a) Each OSV of 100 or more gross...

46 CFR 130.240 - Anchors and chains for OSVs of 100 or more gross tons.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Anchors and chains for OSVs of 100 or more gross tons... SUPPLY VESSELS VESSEL CONTROL, AND MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS Miscellaneous Equipment and Systems § 130.240 Anchors and chains for OSVs of 100 or more gross tons. (a) Each OSV of 100 or more gross...

29 CFR 779.267 - Fluctuations in annual gross volume affecting enterprise coverage and establishment exemptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Act on the basis of previous sales analyses may fall below $1 million when the annual gross volume is... basis of previous sales analyses, may increase its annual gross volume to $1 million or more when... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Fluctuations in annual gross volume affecting enterprise...

48 CFR 52.229-10 - State of New Mexico Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false State of New Mexico Gross... Provisions and Clauses 52.229-10 State of New Mexico Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax. As prescribed in 29.401-4(b), insert the following clause: State of New Mexico Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax (APR...

26 CFR 1.1312-1 - Double inclusion of an item of gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Double inclusion of an item of gross income. 1... Limitations § 1.1312-1 Double inclusion of an item of gross income. (a) Paragraph (1) of section 1312 applies if the determination requires the inclusion in a taxpayer's gross income of an item which was...

26 CFR 1.1312-1 - Double inclusion of an item of gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Double inclusion of an item of gross income. 1... Limitations § 1.1312-1 Double inclusion of an item of gross income. (a) Paragraph (1) of section 1312 applies if the determination requires the inclusion in a taxpayer's gross income of an item which was...

26 CFR 1.1312-1 - Double inclusion of an item of gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Double inclusion of an item of gross income. 1... Limitations § 1.1312-1 Double inclusion of an item of gross income. (a) Paragraph (1) of section 1312 applies if the determination requires the inclusion in a taxpayer's gross income of an item which was...

76 FR 4250 - Operating Certain Railroad Tank Cars in Excess of 263,000 Pounds Gross Rail Load; Approval

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-25

... Railroad Tank Cars in Excess of 263,000 Pounds Gross Rail Load; Approval AGENCY: Federal Railroad... certain railroad tank cars in excess of 263,000 pounds gross rail load. SUMMARY: On May 14, 2010, the... to allow certain rail tank cars, transporting hazardous materials, to exceed the gross weight on rail...

The Gross Motor Skills of Children with Mild Learning Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nonis, Karen P.; Jernice, Tan Sing Yee

2014-01-01

Many international studies have examined the gross motor skills of children studying in special schools while local studies of such nature are limited. This study investigated the gross motor skills of children with Mild Learning Disabilities (MLD; n = 14, M age = 8.93 years, SD = 0.33) with the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2, Ulrich,…

48 CFR 52.229-10 - State of New Mexico Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false State of New Mexico Gross... Provisions and Clauses 52.229-10 State of New Mexico Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax. As prescribed in 29.401-4(b), insert the following clause: State of New Mexico Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax (APR...

48 CFR 52.229-10 - State of New Mexico Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false State of New Mexico Gross... Provisions and Clauses 52.229-10 State of New Mexico Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax. As prescribed in 29.401-4(b), insert the following clause: State of New Mexico Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax (APR...

48 CFR 52.229-10 - State of New Mexico Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false State of New Mexico Gross... Provisions and Clauses 52.229-10 State of New Mexico Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax. As prescribed in 29.401-4(b), insert the following clause: State of New Mexico Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax (APR...

48 CFR 52.229-10 - State of New Mexico Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false State of New Mexico Gross... Provisions and Clauses 52.229-10 State of New Mexico Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax. As prescribed in 29.401-4(b), insert the following clause: State of New Mexico Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax (APR...

26 CFR 1.1312-1 - Double inclusion of an item of gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Double inclusion of an item of gross income. 1....1312-1 Double inclusion of an item of gross income. (a) Paragraph (1) of section 1312 applies if the determination requires the inclusion in a taxpayer's gross income of an item which was erroneously included in...

46 CFR 130.240 - Anchors and chains for OSVs of 100 or more gross tons.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Anchors and chains for OSVs of 100 or more gross tons... SUPPLY VESSELS VESSEL CONTROL, AND MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS Miscellaneous Equipment and Systems § 130.240 Anchors and chains for OSVs of 100 or more gross tons. (a) Each OSV of 100 or more gross...

46 CFR 130.240 - Anchors and chains for OSVs of 100 or more gross tons.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Anchors and chains for OSVs of 100 or more gross tons... SUPPLY VESSELS VESSEL CONTROL, AND MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS Miscellaneous Equipment and Systems § 130.240 Anchors and chains for OSVs of 100 or more gross tons. (a) Each OSV of 100 or more gross...

26 CFR 1.1312-1 - Double inclusion of an item of gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Double inclusion of an item of gross income. 1... Limitations § 1.1312-1 Double inclusion of an item of gross income. (a) Paragraph (1) of section 1312 applies if the determination requires the inclusion in a taxpayer's gross income of an item which was...

Concurrent Validity of Preschooler Gross Motor Quality Scale with Test of Gross Motor Development-2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sun, Shih-Heng; Sun, Hsiao-Ling; Zhu, Yi-Ching; Huang, Li-chi; Hsieh, Yueh-Ling

2011-01-01

Preschooler Gross Motor Quality Scale (PGMQ) was recently developed to evaluate motor skill quality of preschoolers. The purpose of this study was to establish the concurrent validity of PGMQ using Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) as the gold standard. One hundred and thirty five preschool children aged from three to six years were…

20 CFR 418.2245 - What will happen if you notify us that your modified adjusted gross income for the more recent...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... modified adjusted gross income for the more recent tax year changes? 418.2245 Section 418.2245 Employees... Prescription Drug Coverage Premiums Determinations Using A More Recent Tax Year's Modified Adjusted Gross... recent tax year changes? (a) If you notify us that your modified adjusted gross income for the more...

20 CFR 418.2245 - What will happen if you notify us that your modified adjusted gross income for the more recent...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... modified adjusted gross income for the more recent tax year changes? 418.2245 Section 418.2245 Employees... Prescription Drug Coverage Premiums Determinations Using A More Recent Tax Year's Modified Adjusted Gross... recent tax year changes? (a) If you notify us that your modified adjusted gross income for the more...

20 CFR 418.2245 - What will happen if you notify us that your modified adjusted gross income for the more recent...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... modified adjusted gross income for the more recent tax year changes? 418.2245 Section 418.2245 Employees... Prescription Drug Coverage Premiums Determinations Using A More Recent Tax Year's Modified Adjusted Gross... recent tax year changes? (a) If you notify us that your modified adjusted gross income for the more...

20 CFR 418.2245 - What will happen if you notify us that your modified adjusted gross income for the more recent...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... modified adjusted gross income for the more recent tax year changes? 418.2245 Section 418.2245 Employees... Prescription Drug Coverage Premiums Determinations Using A More Recent Tax Year's Modified Adjusted Gross... recent tax year changes? (a) If you notify us that your modified adjusted gross income for the more...

The Relationship between Gross Motor Skills and Academic Achievement in Children with Learning Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Westendorp, Marieke; Hartman, Esther; Houwen, Suzanne; Smith, Joanne; Visscher, Chris

2011-01-01

The present study compared the gross motor skills of 7- to 12-year-old children with learning disabilities (n = 104) with those of age-matched typically developing children (n = 104) using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2. Additionally, the specific relationships between subsets of gross motor skills and academic performance in reading,…

Gross motor skill development of kindergarten children in Japan

PubMed Central

Aye, Thanda; Kuramoto-Ahuja, Tsugumi; Sato, Tamae; Sadakiyo, Kaori; Watanabe, Miyoko; Maruyama, Hitoshi

2018-01-01

[Purpose] The purposes of this study were to assess and explore the gender-based differences in gross motor skill development of 5-year-old Japanese children. [Subjects and Methods] This cross-sectional study recruited 60 healthy 5-year-old (third-year kindergarten, i.e., nencho) children (34 boys, 26 girls) from one local private kindergarten school in Otawara city, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Gross motor skills, including six locomotor and six object control skills, were assessed using the test of gross motor development, second edition (TGMD-2). All subjects performed two trials of each gross motor skill, and the performances were video-recorded and scored. Assessment procedures were performed according to the standardized guidelines of the TGMD-2. [Results] The majority of subjects had an average level of overall gross motor skills. Girls had significantly better locomotor skills. Boys had significantly better object control skills. [Conclusion] The gross motor skill development of 5-year-old Japanese children involves gender-based differences in locomotor and object control skills. This study provided valuable information that can be used to establish normative references for the gross motor skills of 5-year-old Japanese children. PMID:29765187

1973 environmental monitoring report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hull, A.P.; Ash, J.A.

1974-03-01

>Results from radiation monitoring during 1973 in the environment of the Brookhaven National Laboratory are presented. Data are included on: the gross alpha and BETA activity and content of tritium and gamma-emitting radionuclides in surface air; gross BETA activity and gamma and tritium content in atmospheric precipitation; activities and concentration of gamma emitters in liquid effiuents and ground water; gross BETA , tritium and /sup 90/Sr in effluents; gross BETA and tritl um in surface waters; /sup 90/Sr and gamma- emitting radionuclides in river ecosystem; gross alpha , gross BETA , tritium, / sup 90/Sr, and /sup 137/Cs in groundmore » and well water; /sup 137/Cs, K, /sup 131/I, and /sup 90/Sr content in area milk; and gamma-emitting radionuclides in soils and grasses. (LCL)« less

Amino acid and N mineralization dynamics in heathland soil after long-term warming and repetitive drought

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andresen, L. C.; Bode, S.; Tietema, A.; Boeckx, P.; Rütting, T.

2015-04-01

Monomeric organic nitrogen (N) compounds such as free amino acids (FAAs) are an important resource for both plants and soil microorganisms and a source of ammonium (NH4+) via microbial FAA mineralization. We compared gross FAA dynamics with gross N mineralization in a Dutch heathland soil using a 15N tracing technique. A special focus was made on the effects of climate change factors warming and drought, followed by rewetting. Our aims were to (1) compare FAA mineralization (NH4+ production from FAAs) with gross N mineralization, (2) assess gross FAA production rate (depolymerization) and turnover time relative to gross N mineralization rate, and (3) assess the effects of a 14 years of warming and drought treatment on these rates. The turnover of FAA in the soil was ca. 3 h, which is almost 2 orders of magnitude faster than that of NH4+ (i.e. ca. 4 days). This suggests that FAA is an extensively used resource by soil microorganisms. In control soil (i.e. no climatic treatment), the gross N mineralization rate (10 ± 2.9 μg N g-1 day-1) was 8 times smaller than the total gross FAA production rate of five AAs (alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline: 127.4 to 25.0 μg N g-1 day-1). Gross FAA mineralization (3.4 ± 0.2 μg N g-1 day-1) contributed 34% to the gross N mineralization rate and is therefore an important component of N mineralization. In the drought treatment, a 6-29% reduction in annual precipitation caused a decrease of gross FAA production by 65% and of gross FAA mineralization by 41% compared to control. On the other hand, gross N mineralization was unaffected by drought, indicating an increased mineralization of other soil organic nitrogen (SON) components. A 0.5-1.5 °C warming did not significantly affect N transformations, even though gross FAA production declined. Overall our results suggest that in heathland soil exposed to droughts a different type of SON pool is mineralized. Furthermore, compared to agricultural soils, FAA mineralization was relatively less important in the investigated heathland. This indicates more complex mineralization dynamics in semi-natural ecosystems.

Amino acid and N mineralization dynamics in heathland soil after long-term warming and repetitive drought

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andresen, L. C.; Bode, S.; Tietema, A.; Boeckx, P.; Rütting, T.

2014-11-01

Monomeric organic nitrogen (N) such as free amino acids (fAA) is an important resource for both plants and soil microorganisms and is, furthermore, a source of ammonium (NH4+) via microbial fAA mineralization. We compared gross fAA dynamics with gross N mineralization in a Dutch heathland soil using 15N labelling. A special focus was made on the effects of climate change factors warming and drought, followed by rewetting. Our aims were to: (1) compare fAA mineralization (NH4+ production from fAAs) with gross N mineralization, (2) assess gross fAA production rate (depolymerization) and turnover time relative to gross N mineralization rate, and (3) assess the effects of warming and drought on these rates. The turnover of fAA in the soil was ca. 3 h, which is almost two orders of magnitude faster than that of NH4+ (i.e. ca. 4 days). This suggests that fAAs is an extensively used resource by soil microorganisms. In control soil (i.e. no climatic treatment), the gross N mineralization rate (10 ± 2.9 μg N g-1 day-1) was eight-times smaller than the summed gross fAA production rate of five AAs (alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline: 127.4 to 25.0 μg N g-1 day-1). Gross fAA mineralization (3.4 ± 0.2 μg N g-1 day-1) contributed by 34% to the gross N mineralization rate and is, thus, an important component of N mineralization. In the drought treatment, gross fAA production was reduced by 65% and gross fAA mineralization by 41%, compared to control. On the other hand, gross N mineralization was unaffected by drought, indicating an increased mineralization of other soil organic nitrogen (SON) components. Warming did not significantly affect N transformations, even though that gross fAA production was more than halved. Overall our results suggest that heathland soil exposed to droughts has a shift in the composition of the SON being mineralized. Furthermore, compared to agricultural soils, fAA mineralization was relatively less important in the investigated heathland. This indicates a more complex mineralization dynamics in semi-natural ecosystems.

20 CFR 418.1245 - What will happen if you notify us that your modified adjusted gross income for the more recent...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... modified adjusted gross income for the more recent tax year changes? 418.1245 Section 418.1245 Employees... Adjustment Amount Determinations Using A More Recent Tax Year's Modified Adjusted Gross Income § 418.1245 What will happen if you notify us that your modified adjusted gross income for the more recent tax year...

20 CFR 418.1245 - What will happen if you notify us that your modified adjusted gross income for the more recent...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... modified adjusted gross income for the more recent tax year changes? 418.1245 Section 418.1245 Employees... Adjustment Amount Determinations Using A More Recent Tax Year's Modified Adjusted Gross Income § 418.1245 What will happen if you notify us that your modified adjusted gross income for the more recent tax year...

20 CFR 418.1245 - What will happen if you notify us that your modified adjusted gross income for the more recent...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... modified adjusted gross income for the more recent tax year changes? 418.1245 Section 418.1245 Employees... Adjustment Amount Determinations Using A More Recent Tax Year's Modified Adjusted Gross Income § 418.1245 What will happen if you notify us that your modified adjusted gross income for the more recent tax year...

20 CFR 418.1245 - What will happen if you notify us that your modified adjusted gross income for the more recent...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... modified adjusted gross income for the more recent tax year changes? 418.1245 Section 418.1245 Employees... Adjustment Amount Determinations Using A More Recent Tax Year's Modified Adjusted Gross Income § 418.1245 What will happen if you notify us that your modified adjusted gross income for the more recent tax year...

Early postoperative physical therapy for improving short-term gross motor outcome in infants with cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart disease.

PubMed

Haseba, Sumihito; Sakakima, Harutoshi; Nakao, Syuhei; Ohira, Misaki; Yanagi, Shigefumi; Imoto, Yutaka; Yoshida, Akira; Shimodozono, Megumi

2018-07-01

We analysed the gross motor recovery of infants and toddlers with cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) who received early postoperative physical therapy to see whether there was any difference in the duration to recovery. This study retrospectively evaluated the influence of early physical therapy on postoperative gross motor outcomes of patients with CHD. The gross motor ability of patients with cyanotic (n = 25, average age: 376.4 days) and acyanotic (n = 26, average age: 164.5 days) CHD was evaluated using our newly developed nine-grade mobility assessment scale. Physical therapy was started at an average of five days after surgery, during which each patient's gross motor ability was significantly decreased compared with the preoperative level. Patients (who received early postoperative physical therapy) with cyanotic (88.0%) and acyanotic CHD (96.2%) showed improved preoperative mobility grades by the time of hospital discharge. However, patients with cyanotic CHD had a significantly prolonged recovery period compared to those with acyanotic CHD (p < .01). The postoperative recovery period to preoperative mobility grade was significantly correlated with pre-, intra-, and postoperative factors. Our findings suggested that infants with cyanotic CHD are likely at a greater risk of gross motor delays, the recovery of which might differ between infants with cyanotic and acyanotic CHD after cardiac surgery. Early postoperative physical therapy promotes gross motor recovery. Implications of Rehabilitation Infants and toddlers with cyanotic congenital heart disease are likely at greater risk of gross motor delays and have a prolonged recovery period of gross motor ability compared to those with acyanotic congenital heart disease. Early postoperative physical therapy for patients with congenital heart disease after cardiac surgery promoted gross motor recovery. The postoperative recovery period to preoperative mobility grade was affected by pre-, intra-, and postoperative factors. Rehabilitation experts should consider the risk of gross motor delays of patients with congenital heart disease after cardiac surgery and the early postoperative physical therapy to promote their gross motor recovery.

Performance of a two-leaf light use efficiency model for mapping gross primary productivity against remotely sensed sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence data.

PubMed

Zan, Mei; Zhou, Yanlian; Ju, Weimin; Zhang, Yongguang; Zhang, Leiming; Liu, Yibo

2018-02-01

Estimating terrestrial gross primary production is an important task when studying the carbon cycle. In this study, the ability of a two-leaf light use efficiency model to simulate regional gross primary production in China was validated using satellite Global Ozone Monitoring Instrument - 2 sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence data. The two-leaf light use efficiency model was used to estimate daily gross primary production in China's terrestrial ecosystems with 500-m resolution for the period from 2007 to 2014. Gross primary production simulated with the two-leaf light use efficiency model was resampled to a spatial resolution of 0.5° and then compared with sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence. During the study period, sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence and gross primary production simulated by the two-leaf light use efficiency model exhibited similar spatial and temporal patterns in China. The correlation coefficient between sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence and monthly gross primary production simulated by the two-leaf light use efficiency model was significant (p<0.05, n=96) in 88.9% of vegetated areas in China (average value 0.78) and varied among vegetation types. The interannual variations in monthly sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence and gross primary production simulated by the two-leaf light use efficiency model were similar in spring and autumn in most vegetated regions, but dissimilar in winter and summer. The spatial variability of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence and gross primary production simulated by the two-leaf light use efficiency model was similar in spring, summer, and autumn. The proportion of spatial variations of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence and annual gross primary production simulated by the two-leaf light use efficiency model explained by ranged from 0.76 (2011) to 0.80 (2013) during the study period. Overall, the two-leaf light use efficiency model was capable of capturing spatial and temporal variations in gross primary production in China. However, the model needs further improvement to better simulate gross primary production in summer. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Relation between hand function and gross motor function in full term infants aged 4 to 8 months

PubMed Central

Nogueira, Solange F.; Figueiredo, Elyonara M.; Gonçalves, Rejane V.; Mancini, Marisa C.

2015-01-01

Background: In children, reaching emerges around four months of age, which is followed by rapid changes in hand function and concomitant changes in gross motor function, including the acquisition of independent sitting. Although there is a close functional relationship between these domains, to date they have been investigated separately. Objective: To investigate the longitudinal profile of changes and the relationship between the development of hand function (i.e. reaching for and manipulating an object) and gross motor function in 13 normally developing children born at term who were evaluated every 15 days from 4 to 8 months of age. Method: The number of reaches and the period (i.e. time) of manipulation to an object were extracted from video synchronized with the Qualisys(r) movement analysis system. Gross motor function was measured using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale. ANOVA for repeated measures was used to test the effect of age on the number of reaches, the time of manipulation and gross motor function. Hierarchical regression models were used to test the associations of reaching and manipulation with gross motor function. Results: Results revealed a significant increase in the number of reaches (p<0.001), the time of manipulation (p<0.001) and gross motor function (p<0.001) over time, as well as associations between reaching and gross motor function (R2=0.84; p<0.001) and manipulation and gross motor function (R2=0.13; p=0.02) from 4 to 6 months of age. Associations from 6 to 8 months of age were not significant. Conclusion: The relationship between hand function and gross motor function was not constant, and the age span from 4 to 6 months was a critical period of interdependency of hand function and gross motor function development. PMID:25714437

Gross motor development is delayed following early cardiac surgery.

PubMed

Long, Suzanne H; Harris, Susan R; Eldridge, Beverley J; Galea, Mary P

2012-10-01

To describe the gross motor development of infants who had undergone cardiac surgery in the neonatal or early infant period. Gross motor performance was assessed when infants were 4, 8, 12, and 16 months of age with the Alberta Infant Motor Scale. This scale is a discriminative gross motor outcome measure that may be used to assess infants from birth to independent walking. Infants were videotaped during the assessment and were later evaluated by a senior paediatric physiotherapist who was blinded to each infant's medical history, including previous clinical assessments. Demographic, diagnostic, surgical, critical care, and medical variables were considered with respect to gross motor outcomes. A total of 50 infants who underwent elective or emergency cardiac surgery at less than or up to 8 weeks of age, between July 2006 and January 2008, were recruited to this study and were assessed at 4 months of age. Approximately, 92%, 84%, and 94% of study participants returned for assessment at 8, 12, and 16 months of age, respectively. Study participants had delayed gross motor development across all study time points; 62% of study participants did not have typical gross motor development during the first year of life. Hospital length of stay was associated with gross motor outcome across infancy. Active gross motor surveillance of all infants undergoing early cardiac surgery is recommended. Further studies of larger congenital heart disease samples are required, as are longitudinal studies that determine the significance of these findings at school age and beyond.

Current usage and future trends in gross digital photography in Canada.

PubMed

Horn, Christopher L; DeKoning, Lawrence; Klonowski, Paul; Naugler, Christopher

2014-01-14

The purpose of this study was to assess the current usage, utilization and future direction of digital photography of gross surgical specimens in pathology laboratories across Canada. An online survey consisting of 23 multiple choice and free-text questions regarding gross digital photography was sent out to via email to laboratory staff across Canada involved in gross dissection of surgical specimens. Sixty surveys were returned with representation from most of the provinces. Results showed that gross digital photography is utilized at most institutions (90.0%) and the primary users of the technology are Pathologists (88.0%), Pathologists' Assistants (54.0%) and Pathology residents (50.0%). Most respondents felt that there is a definite need for routine digital imaging of gross surgical specimens in their practice (80.0%). The top two applications for gross digital photography are for documentation of interesting/ complex cases (98.0%) and for teaching purposes (84.0%). The main limitations identified by the survey group are storage space (42.5%) and security issues (40.0%). Respondents indicated that future applications of gross digital photography mostly include teaching (96.6%), presentation at tumour boards/ clinical rounds (89.8%), medico-legal documentation (72.9%) and usage for consultation purposes (69.5%). The results of this survey indicate that pathology staff across Canada currently utilizes gross digital images for regular documentation and educational reasons. They also show that the technology will be needed for future applications in teaching, consultation and medico-legal purposes.

Associations between gross motor skills and physical activity in Australian toddlers.

PubMed

Veldman, Sanne L C; Jones, Rachel A; Santos, Rute; Sousa-Sá, Eduarda; Pereira, João R; Zhang, Zhiguang; Okely, Anthony D

2018-08-01

Physical activity can be promoted by high levels of gross motor skills. A systematic review found a positive relationship in children (3-18 years) but only few studies examined this in younger children. The aim of this study was to examine the association between gross motor skills and physical activity in children aged 11-29 months. Cross-sectional study. This study involved 284 children from 30 childcare services in NSW, Australia (Mean age=19.77±4.18months, 53.2% boys). Physical activity was measured using accelerometers (Actigraph GT3X+). Gross motor skills were assessed using the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales Second Edition (PDMS-2). Multilevel linear regression analyses were computed to assess associations between gross motor skills and physical activity, adjusting for sex, age and BMI. Children spent 53.08% of their time in physical activity and 10.39% in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Boys had higher total physical activity (p<0.01) and MVPA (p<0.01) than girls. The average gross motor skills score was 96.16. Boys scored higher than girls in object manipulation (p<0.001). There was no association between gross motor skills and total physical activity or MVPA. Although gross motor skills were not associated with physical activity in this sample, stronger associations are apparent in older children. This study therefore highlights a potential important age to promote gross motor skills. Copyright © 2017 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

46 CFR 70.05-18 - Applicability to vessels operating under an exemption afforded in the Passenger Vessel Safety Act...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... later than December 21, 1996. The PVSA exemption is valid for the service life of the vessel, as long as... certain passenger vessels that are— (1) At least 100 gross tons but less than 300 gross tons; or (2) Former public vessels of at least 100 gross tons but less than 500 gross tons. (b) The owner or operator...

46 CFR 70.05-18 - Applicability to vessels operating under an exemption afforded in the Passenger Vessel Safety Act...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... later than December 21, 1996. The PVSA exemption is valid for the service life of the vessel, as long as... certain passenger vessels that are— (1) At least 100 gross tons but less than 300 gross tons; or (2) Former public vessels of at least 100 gross tons but less than 500 gross tons. (b) The owner or operator...

46 CFR 11.406 - Service requirements for second mate of ocean or near coastal steam or motor vessels of any gross...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... coastal steam or motor vessels of any gross tons. 11.406 Section 11.406 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT... coastal steam or motor vessels of any gross tons. The minimum service required to qualify an applicant for an endorsement as second mate of ocean or near coastal steam or motor vessels of any gross tons is...

46 CFR 11.433 - Service requirements for master of Great Lakes and inland steam or motor vessels of any gross tons.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... inland steam or motor vessels of any gross tons. 11.433 Section 11.433 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT... steam or motor vessels of any gross tons. The minimum service required to qualify an applicant for an endorsement as master of Great Lakes and inland steam or motor vessels of any gross tons is: (a) One year of...

46 CFR 11.405 - Service requirements for chief mate of ocean or near coastal steam or motor vessels of any gross...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... coastal steam or motor vessels of any gross tons. 11.405 Section 11.405 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT... coastal steam or motor vessels of any gross tons. The minimum service required to qualify an applicant for an endorsement as chief mate of ocean or near coastal steam or motor vessels of any gross tons is one...

Natural radioactivity in groundwater from the south-eastern Arabian Peninsula and environmental implications.

PubMed

Murad, A; Zhou, X D; Yi, P; Alshamsi, D; Aldahan, A; Hou, X L; Yu, Z B

2014-10-01

Groundwater is the most valuable resource in arid regions, and recognizing radiological criteria among other water quality parameters is essential for sustainable use. In the investigation presented here, gross-α and gross-β were measured in groundwater samples collected in the south-eastern Arabian Peninsula, 67 wells in Unite Arab Emirates (UAE), as well as two wells and one spring in Oman. The results show a wide gross-α and gross-β activities range in the groundwater samples that vary at 0.01∼19.5 Bq/l and 0.13∼6.6 Bq/l, respectively. The data show gross-β and gross-α values below the WHO permissible limits for drinking water in the majority of the investigated samples except those in region 4 (Jabel Hafit and surroundings). No correlation between groundwater pH and the gross-α and gross-β, while high temperatures probably enhance leaching of radionuclides from the aquifer body and thereby increase the radioactivity in the groundwater. This conclusion is also supported by the positive correlation between radioactivity and amount of total dissolved solid. Particular water purification technology and environmental impact assessments are essential for sustainable and secure use of the groundwater in regions that show radioactivity values far above the WHO permissible limit for drinking water.

Samuel D. Gross, the Writing of American Surgical History.

PubMed

Rutkow, Ira

2015-12-01

To explore the details of Samuel D. Gross's achievements as America's foremost historian of medicine in the mid-nineteenth century. The life of Samuel D. Gross, the most renowned of the nation's surgeons in the nineteenth century, has been extensively researched and celebrated. Despite the long-standing interest in Gross's accomplishments, there is an important and influential aspect of his career that has been forgotten. Gross was the country's first surgical historian and his boosting of the popular image of the knife bearer was crucial to shaping the future of the craft, in particular surgery's rise as a respected specialty within the whole of medicine. An analysis of the published medical literature and unpublished documents relating to Samuel D. Gross and his status as the country's earliest historian of surgery. At a time when surgery was not considered a separate branch of medicine but a mere technical mode of treatment, Gross's efforts in medical and surgical history provided a much needed boost to surgeons in their pursuit of self-confidence and self-respect. Although Gross's accomplishments as a medical historian have been overlooked, it is undeniable that he was America's pioneer surgical historian and, as such, afforded surgeons their earliest measure of self-esteem, a critical attribute that was indispensable for the rise of surgery as a distinguished profession.

Effects of gross motor function and manual function levels on performance-based ADL motor skills of children with spastic cerebral palsy.

PubMed

Park, Myoung-Ok

2017-02-01

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine effects of Gross Motor Function Classification System and Manual Ability Classification System levels on performance-based motor skills of children with spastic cerebral palsy. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-three children with cerebral palsy were included. The Assessment of Motor and Process Skills was used to evaluate performance-based motor skills in daily life. Gross motor function was assessed using Gross Motor Function Classification Systems, and manual function was measured using the Manual Ability Classification System. [Results] Motor skills in daily activities were significantly different on Gross Motor Function Classification System level and Manual Ability Classification System level. According to the results of multiple regression analysis, children categorized as Gross Motor Function Classification System level III scored lower in terms of performance based motor skills than Gross Motor Function Classification System level I children. Also, when analyzed with respect to Manual Ability Classification System level, level II was lower than level I, and level III was lower than level II in terms of performance based motor skills. [Conclusion] The results of this study indicate that performance-based motor skills differ among children categorized based on Gross Motor Function Classification System and Manual Ability Classification System levels of cerebral palsy.

Final Technical Report of the project "Controlling Quantum Information by Quantum Correlations"

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Girolami, Davide

The report describes hypotheses, aims, methods and results of the project 20170675PRD2, “Controlling Quantum Information by Quantum Correlations”, which has been run from July 31, 2017 to January 7, 2018. The technical work has been performed by Director’s Fellow Davide Girolami of the T-4 Division, Physics of Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, under the supervision of Wojciech Zurek (T-4), Lukasz Cincio (T-4), and Marcus Daniels (CCS-7). The project ended as Davide Girolami has been converted to J. R. Oppenheimer Fellow to work on the project 20180702PRD1, “Optimal Control of Quantum Machines”, started on January 8, 2018.

Estimation of the outer-sphere contribution to the activation volume for electron exchange reactions using the mean spherical approximation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Takagi, Hideo D.; Swaddle, Thomas W.

1996-01-01

The outer-sphere contribution to the volume of activation of homogeneous electron exchange reactions is estimated for selected solvents on the basis of the mean spherical approximation (MSA), and the calculated values are compared with those estimated by the Strank-Hush-Marcus (SHM) theory and with activation volumes obtained experimentally for the electron exchange reaction between tris(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)ruthenium(III) and -(II) in acetone, acetonitrile, methanol and chloroform. The MSA treatment, which recognizes the molecular nature of the solvent, does not improve significantly upon the continuous-dielectric SHM theory, which represents the experimental data adequately for the more polar solvents.

Regioselective electrochemical reduction of 2,4-dichlorobiphenyl - Distinct standard reduction potentials for carbon-chlorine bonds using convolution potential sweep voltammetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muthukrishnan, A.; Sangaranarayanan, M. V.; Boyarskiy, V. P.; Boyarskaya, I. A.

2010-04-01

The reductive cleavage of carbon-chlorine bonds in 2,4-dichlorobiphenyl (PCB-7) is investigated using the convolution potential sweep voltammetry and quantum chemical calculations. The potential dependence of the logarithmic rate constant is non-linear which indicates the validity of Marcus-Hush theory of quadratic activation-driving force relationship. The ortho-chlorine of the 2,4-dichlorobiphenyl gets reduced first as inferred from the quantum chemical calculations and bulk electrolysis. The standard reduction potentials pertaining to the ortho-chlorine of 2,4-dichlorobiphenyl and that corresponding to para chlorine of the 4-chlorobiphenyl have been estimated.

The charger transfer electronic coupling in diabatic perspective: A multi-state density functional theory study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guo, Xinwei; Qu, Zexing; Gao, Jiali

2018-01-01

The multi-state density functional theory (MSDFT) provides a convenient way to estimate electronic coupling of charge transfer processes based on a diabatic representation. Its performance has been benchmarked against the HAB11 database with a mean unsigned error (MUE) of 17 meV between MSDFT and ab initio methods. The small difference may be attributed to different representations, diabatic from MSDFT and adiabatic from ab initio calculations. In this discussion, we conclude that MSDFT provides a general and efficient way to estimate the electronic coupling for charge-transfer rate calculations based on the Marcus-Hush model.

Ab initio quantum chemical study of electron transfer in carboranes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pati, Ranjit; Pineda, Andrew C.; Pandey, Ravindra; Karna, Shashi P.

2005-05-01

The electron transfer (ET) properties of 10- and 12-vertex carboranes are investigated by the ab initio Hartree-Fock method within the Marcus-Hush (MH) two-state model and the Koopman theorem (KT) approach. The calculated value of the ET coupling matrix element, VAB, is consistently higher in the KT approach than in the MH two-state model. For the carborane molecules functionalized by -CH 2 groups at C-vertices, VAB strongly depends on the relative orientation of the planes containing the terminal -CH 2 groups. The predicted conformation dependence of VAB offers a molecular mechanism to control ET between two active centers in molecular systems.

Traces and echoes of De Architectura by Marcus Vitruvius Pollio in the work of Xu Guangqi in 17th century China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cigola, Michela; Fang, Yibing

2016-03-01

This study aims to investigate the role played by Xu Guangqi (1562-1633), minister of the Ming Dynasty, in the development of European scientific and technical knowledge in China between the 16th and 17th centuries by analyzing a book of Western technology that he wrote, namely, Taixi Shuifa ( On Western Hydraulics). Several Western books related to machine knowledge are searched to trace the source of the illustrations in Taixi Shuifa. We found that Archimedes' screw and Ctesibius' machine, which are included in Vitruvius' De Architectura volumes, also appear in the work of Xu Guangqi.

The prediction of gross calorific value using infrared (IR) spectroscopy and multivariate analysis

Treesearch

Chi-Leung So; Thomas L. Eberhardt

2011-01-01

The gross calorific value (GCV) of a fuel, also known as the higher heating value (HHV) or gross heat of combustion, is the amount of heat released by a specified quantity (initially at 25°C) once it is com-busted and the products returned to that temperature. Fuwape (1989) noted that extractive-free wood from Gmelina arborea (Roxb), a hardwood, had a lower gross heat...

Does Parent Report Gross Motor Function Level of Cerebral Palsy Children Impact on the Quality of Life in these Children?

PubMed

Pashmdarfard, Marzieh; Amini, Malek; Badv, Reza Shervin; Ghaffarzade Namazi, Narges; Rassafiani, Mehdi

2017-01-01

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of parent report gross motor function level of cerebral palsy (CP) children on the parent report quality of life of CP children. Sampling of this cross-sectional study was done in occupational therapy clinics and CP children's schools in 2016 in Zanjan, Iran. Samples size was 60 CP children aged 6-12 yr and for sampling method, a non-probability convenience was used. For assessing the quality of life of CP children the cerebral palsy quality of life (CP QOL) questionnaire and for assessing the level of gross motor function of CP children the Gross Motor Function Classification System Family Report Questionnaire (GMFCSFRQ) were used. The average age of children (22 males and 30 females) was 8.92 yr old (minimum 6 yr and maximum 12 yr). The relationship between the level of gross motor function and participation and physical health was direct and significant (r=0.65). The relationship between functioning, access to services and family health with the level of gross motor function was direct but was not significant ( P >0.05) and the relationship between pain and impact of disability and emotional well-being with the level of gross motor function was significant ( P <0.05). There was no strong correlation between the level of gross motor function and quality of life of children with cerebral palsy. It means that the level of gross motor function cannot be used as a predictor of quality of life for children with cerebral palsy alone.

Innovative procedure for the determination of gross-alpha/gross-beta activities in drinking water.

PubMed

Wisser, S; Frenzel, E; Dittmer, M

2006-03-01

An alternative sample preparation method for the determination of gross-alpha/beta activity concentrations in drinking water is introduced in this paper. After the freeze-drying of tap water samples, determination by liquid scintillation counting can be applied utilizing alpha/beta separation. It has been shown that there is no adsorption or loss of solid radionuclides during the freeze-drying procedure. However, the samples have to be measured quickly after the preparation since the ingrowth of daughter isotopes negatively effects the measurement. The limits of detection for gross-alpha and gross-beta activity are in the range 25-210 mBq/l, respectively, for a measurement time of only 8-9 h.

Evaluation of a simplified gross thrust calculation method for a J85-21 afterburning turbojet engine in an altitude facility

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Baer-Riedhart, J. L.

1982-01-01

A simplified gross thrust calculation method was evaluated on its ability to predict the gross thrust of a modified J85-21 engine. The method used tailpipe pressure data and ambient pressure data to predict the gross thrust. The method's algorithm is based on a one-dimensional analysis of the flow in the afterburner and nozzle. The test results showed that the method was notably accurate over the engine operating envelope using the altitude facility measured thrust for comparison. A summary of these results, the simplified gross thrust method and requirements, and the test techniques used are discussed in this paper.

Divergence of fine and gross motor skills in prelingually deaf children: implications for cochlear implantation.

PubMed

Horn, David L; Pisoni, David B; Miyamoto, Richard T

2006-08-01

The objective of this study was to assess relations between fine and gross motor development and spoken language processing skills in pediatric cochlear implant users. The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of longitudinal data. Prelingually deaf children who received a cochlear implant before age 5 and had no known developmental delay or cognitive impairment were included in the study. Fine and gross motor development were assessed before implantation using the Vineland Adaptive Behavioral Scales, a standardized parental report of adaptive behavior. Fine and gross motor scores reflected a given child's motor functioning with respect to a normative sample of typically developing, normal-hearing children. Relations between these preimplant scores and postimplant spoken language outcomes were assessed. In general, gross motor scores were found to be positively related to chronologic age, whereas the opposite trend was observed for fine motor scores. Fine motor scores were more strongly correlated with postimplant expressive and receptive language scores than gross motor scores. Our findings suggest a disassociation between fine and gross motor development in prelingually deaf children: fine motor skills, in contrast to gross motor skills, tend to be delayed as the prelingually deaf children get older. These findings provide new knowledge about the links between motor and spoken language development and suggest that auditory deprivation may lead to atypical development of certain motor and language skills that share common cortical processing resources.

Cerebral palsy in Victoria: motor types, topography and gross motor function.

PubMed

Howard, Jason; Soo, Brendan; Graham, H Kerr; Boyd, Roslyn N; Reid, Sue; Lanigan, Anna; Wolfe, Rory; Reddihough, Dinah S

2005-01-01

To study the relationships between motor type, topographical distribution and gross motor function in a large, population-based cohort of children with cerebral palsy (CP), from the State of Victoria, and compare this cohort to similar cohorts from other countries. An inception cohort was generated from the Victorian Cerebral Palsy Register (VCPR) for the birth years 1990-1992. Demographic information, motor types and topographical distribution were obtained from the register and supplemented by grading gross motor function according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Complete data were obtained on 323 (86%) of 374 children in the cohort. Gross motor function varied from GMFCS level I (35%) to GMFCS level V (18%) and was similar in distribution to a contemporaneous Swedish cohort. There was a fairly even distribution across the topographical distributions of hemiplegia (35%), diplegia (28%) and quadriplegia (37%) with a large majority of young people having the spastic motor type (86%). The VCPR is ideal for population-based studies of gross motor function in children with CP. Gross motor function is similar in populations of children with CP in developed countries but the comparison of motor types and topographical distribution is difficult because of lack of consensus with classification systems. Use of the GMFCS provides a valid and reproducible method for clinicians to describe gross motor function in children with CP using a universal language.

Comparison of gross anatomy test scores using traditional specimens vs. QuickTime Virtual Reality animated specimens

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maza, Paul Sadiri

In recent years, technological advances such as computers have been employed in teaching gross anatomy at all levels of education, even in professional schools such as medical and veterinary medical colleges. Benefits of computer based instructional tools for gross anatomy include the convenience of not having to physically view or dissect a cadaver. Anatomy educators debate over the advantages versus the disadvantages of computer based resources for gross anatomy instruction. Many studies, case reports, and editorials argue for the increased use of computer based anatomy educational tools, while others discuss the necessity of dissection for various reasons important in learning anatomy, such as a three-dimensional physical view of the specimen, physical handling of tissues, interactions with fellow students during dissection, and differences between specific specimens. While many articles deal with gross anatomy education using computers, there seems to be a lack of studies investigating the use of computer based resources as an assessment tool for gross anatomy, specifically using the Apple application QuickTime Virtual Reality (QTVR). This study investigated the use of QTVR movie modules to assess if using computer based QTVR movie module assessments were equal in quality to actual physical specimen examinations. A gross anatomy course in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Cornell University was used as a source of anatomy students and gross anatomy examinations. Two groups were compared, one group taking gross anatomy examinations in a traditional manner, by viewing actual physical specimens and answering questions based on those specimens. The other group took the same examinations using the same specimens, but the specimens were viewed as simulated three-dimensional objects in a QTVR movie module. Sample group means for the assessments were compared. A survey was also administered asking students' perceptions of quality and user-friendliness of the QTVR movie modules. The comparison of the two sample group means of the examinations show that there was no difference in results between using QTVR movie modules to test gross anatomy knowledge versus using physical specimens. The results of this study are discussed to explain the benefits of using such computer based anatomy resources in gross anatomy assessments.

Phase III gross solids removal devices pilot study, 2002-2005.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-12-01

The objective of the Phase III Gross Solids Removal Devices (GSRDs) Pilot study was to : evaluate the performance of non-proprietary devices that can capture gross solids and that can be : incorporated into existing highway drainage systems or implem...

A simple, low-cost, versatile CCD spectrometer for plasma spectroscopy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Den Hartog, D. J.; Holly, D. J.

1996-06-01

The authors have constructed a simple, low-cost CCD spectrometer capable of both high resolution ({Delta}{lambda} {le} 0.015 nm) and large bandpass (110 nm with {Delta}{lambda} {approximately}0.3 nm). These two modes of operation provide two broad areas of capability for plasma spectroscopy. The first major application is measurement of emission line broadening; the second is emission line surveys from the ultraviolet to the near infrared. Measurements have been made on a low-temperature plasma produced by a miniature electrostatic plasma source and the high-temperature plasma in the MST Reversed-Field Pinch. The spectrometer is a modified Jarrell-Ash 0.5 m Ebert-Fastie monochromator. Light ismore » coupled into the entrance slit with a fused silica fiber optic bundle. The exposure time (2 ms minimum) is controlled by a fast electromechanical shutter. The exit plane detector is a compact and robust CCD detector developed for amateur astronomy by Santa Barbara Instrument Group. The CCD detector is controlled and read out by a Macintosh{reg_sign} computer. This spectrometer is sophisticated enough to serve well in a research laboratory, yet is simple and inexpensive enough to be affordable for instructional use.« less

Contributions to the History of Astronomy, Vol. 11. (German Title: Beiträge zur Astronomiegeschichte, Band 11)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dick, Wolfgang R.; Duerbeck, H. W.; Hamel, Jürgen

2011-08-01

The contributions deal with astronomical concepts, historical observatories and biographical studies. Newly found copies of Copernicus' principal work are described, the development of the concepts "sphaera" and "orbis coelestis" from ancient times via Copernicus to Kepler is investigated. The concept of harmonical cosmology of Kepler and A. Kircher is analyzed in a major paper. A rediscovered letter by Kepler is interpreted. Other papers deal with the university observatory of Bützow (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania), the observatories installed in Strasbourg in the 17th and early 19th centuries, and the Jesuit observatory which existed in Graz (Styria) in the 18th century, as well as the unrealized plans for an observing station of Vienna University Observatory in the 1940s. Einstein's thoughts about Friedmann's cosmological papers are presented. Biographical sketches on Philipp Feselius (1565-1610), Ferdinand Adolph Freiherr von Ende (1760-1816), Wilhelm Ebert (1871-1916) and Karl Julius Lohnert (1885-1944) are supplemented by an analysis of the social background of the important Astronomers of the 20th century. The claim that Jupiter's moons were described already 105 years before Galilei is contradicted in a discussion. The book concludes by short communications, obituaries and book reviews.

Solar Mesosphere Explorer near-infrared spectrometer Measurements of 1.27-micron radiances and the inference of mesospheric ozone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Thomas, R. J.; Barth, C. A.; Rusch, W.; Sanders, R. W.

1984-10-01

Ozone in the mesosphere is determined from observations made by the near-infrared spectrometer experiment on the Solar Mesosphere Explorer satellite (SME) between 50 and 90 km over most latitudes at 3:00 p.m. local time. The spectrometer measures emission from 02 (1 Delta g) at 1.27 microns that is primarily due to the photodissociation of ozone. The instrument consists of a parabolic telescope that limits the field of view to less than 0.1 degrees, an Ebert-Fastie spectrometer, and a passively cooled lead sulfide detector system. The limb radiances, measured as the spacecraft spins, are inverted, producing volume emission rate profiles from which ozone densities are inferred. The vertical resolution is better than 3.5 km. The calculation of ozone accounts for quenching and atmospheric transmission of both solar radiation and 1.27 microns radiation. The existence of a secondary maximum of ozone density near 80 km is established. An error analysis shows that the effects of random errors in the data and in the analysis on the final ozone profile are less than 10 percent between 50 and 82 km.

Survey of ultraviolet shuttle glow

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Spear, K. A.; Uckler, G. J.; Tobiska, K.

1985-01-01

The University of Colorado Get Away Special (GAS) project utilizes the efforts of its students to place experiments on the shuttle. The objective of one experiment, the shuttle glow study, is to conduct a general survey of emissions in the ultraviolet near vehicle surfaces. An approximate wavelength range of 1900 to 3000 A will be scanned to observe predominant features. Special emphasis will be placed on studying the band structure of NO near 2000 A and the Mg+ line at 2800 A. The spectrometer, of Ebert-Faste 1/8-meter design, will perform the experiment during spacecraft night. It will be oriented such that the optical axis points to the cargo bay zenith. In order to direct the field-of-view of the instrument onto the shuttle vertical stabilizer (tail), a mirror assembly is employed. The mirror system has been designed to rotate through 7.5 degrees of arc using 10 positions resulting in a spatial resolution of 30 x 3 cm, with the larger dimension corresponding to the horizontal direction. Such a configuration can be attained from the forwardmost position in the cargo bay. Each spatial position will be subjected to a full spectral scan with a resolution on the order of 10 A.

Ludwik Gross, Sarah Stewart, and the 1950s discoveries of Gross murine leukemia virus and polyoma virus.

PubMed

Morgan, Gregory J

2014-12-01

The Polish-American scientist Ludwik Gross made two important discoveries in the early 1950s. He showed that two viruses - murine leukemia virus and parotid tumor virus - could cause cancer when they were injected into susceptible animals. At first, Gross's discoveries were greeted with skepticism: it seemed implausible that viruses could cause a disease as complex as cancer. Inspired by Gross's initial experiments, similar results were obtained by Sarah Stewart and Bernice Eddy who later renamed the parotid tumor virus SE polyoma virus after finding it could cause many different types of tumors in mice, hamsters, and rats. Eventually the "SE" was dropped and virologists adopted the name "polyoma virus." After Gross's work was published, additional viruses capable of causing solid tumors or blood-borne tumors in mice were described by Arnold Graffi, Charlotte Friend, John Moloney and others. By 1961, sufficient data had been accumulated for Gross to confidently publish an extensive monograph--Oncogenic Viruses--the first history of tumor virology, which became a standard reference work and marked the emergence of tumor virology as a distinct, legitimate field of study. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Phase IV gross solids removal devices pilot study, 2004-2005.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-12-01

The objective of the Phase IV Gross Solids Removal Device (GSRD) Pilot study was to evaluate : the performance of one non-proprietary device that can capture gross solids and that can be : incorporated into existing highway drainage systems or implem...

36 CFR 910.33 - Off-street parking.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... not fixed, each seven square feet of gross floor area usable for seating shall be considered one seat; (3) Retail, trade, and service establishments: one parking space for each 750 square feet of gross... each 1,800 square feet of gross floor area. ...

36 CFR 910.33 - Off-street parking.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... not fixed, each seven square feet of gross floor area usable for seating shall be considered one seat; (3) Retail, trade, and service establishments: one parking space for each 750 square feet of gross... each 1,800 square feet of gross floor area. ...

36 CFR 910.33 - Off-street parking.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... not fixed, each seven square feet of gross floor area usable for seating shall be considered one seat; (3) Retail, trade, and service establishments: one parking space for each 750 square feet of gross... each 1,800 square feet of gross floor area. ...

36 CFR 910.33 - Off-street parking.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... not fixed, each seven square feet of gross floor area usable for seating shall be considered one seat; (3) Retail, trade, and service establishments: one parking space for each 750 square feet of gross... each 1,800 square feet of gross floor area. ...

Weapons Storage Area Survey of 400 Series Buildings at Medina Annex, San Antonio, Texas

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-06-03

due to build u p of radon daughters Initial Ins trument Readin~ Results Inst. 1 lnst. lnst. Field Lab Sample Gross alpha Gross beta Gross Map...readings are due to build up of radon daughters ReadiJlg Results lust. lust. Field Lab San1ple Gross alpha Map Area Room # Location Inst. 1 Sample...outside) NOTE : High alph readings are due to build up of radon daughters Initial Instrument Reading Results Area on Room # Inst . 1 Inst. 2 Field

Chronological changes of radiofrequency ablation zone in rabbit liver: an in vivo correlation between gross pathology and histopathology

PubMed Central

Song, Kyoung D; Rhim, Hyunchul; Kang, Tae Wook; Cha, Dong Ik; Yang, Jehoon

2017-01-01

Objective: To examine the gross pathology and histopathology of ablation zones created from radiofrequency (RF) ablation and to correlate their chronological changes. Methods: A total of 48 in vivo ablation zones (16 rabbit livers) were obtained immediately after and also 30 min, 1 h and 2 h after RF ablation and were subjected to haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) diaphorase staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining. Chronological changes in gross pathology and histopathology were evaluated and correlated with each other. Results: Peripheral red zones on gross pathology correlated with peripheral zones on H&E staining, lightly stained peripheral zones on NADH staining and peripheral positive zones on TUNEL staining. Central white zones on gross pathology correlated with combined central and border zones on H&E staining, central negative zones on NADH staining and combined central-positive and middle-negative zones on TUNEL staining. Boundary visibility between central white and peripheral red zones on gross pathology was significantly higher at 1 and 2 h than immediately after RF ablation. As time increased after RF ablation, visibility of the border zone on H&E staining and the grade of positively stained hepatocytes in the peripheral zone on TUNEL staining increased. Conclusion: Chronological changes in gross pathology of RF ablation zones correlated well with histopathology. The boundary between the central white and peripheral red zones tended to become clear at 1 h after RF ablation. Advances in knowledge: (1) RF ablation zones show chronological changes on gross pathology and histopathology. (2) Gross pathology and histopathology correlate well with each other. PMID:28139942

Disease Extent at Secondary Cytoreductive Surgery is Predictive of Progression-free and Overall Survival in Advanced Stage Ovarian Cancer: an NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group study

PubMed Central

Rose, Peter G.; Java, James J.; Morgan, Mark A.; Secord, Angeles Alvarez; Kesterson, Joshua P.; Stehman, Frederick B.; Warshal, David P.; Creasman, William T.; Hanjani, Parviz; Morris, Robert T.; Copeland, Larry J.

2017-01-01

Purpose GOG 152 was a randomized trial of secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCS) in patients with suboptimal residual disease (residual tumor nodule >1 cm in greatest diameter) following primary cytoreductive surgery for advanced stage ovarian cancer. The current analysis was undertaken to evaluate the impact of disease findings at SCS on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Methods Among the 550 patients enrolled on GOG-152, two-hundred-sixteen patients were randomly assigned following 3 cycles of cisplatin and paclitaxel to receive SCS. In 15 patients (7%) surgery was declined or contraindicated. In the remaining 201 patients the operative and pathology reports were utilized to classify their disease status at the beginning of SCS as; no gross disease/microscopically negative N= 40 (19.9%), no gross disease/microscopically positive N= 8 (4.0%), and gross disease N=153 (76.1%). Results The median PFS for patients with no gross disease/microscopically negative was 16.1 months, no gross disease/microscopically positive was 13.5 months and for gross disease was 11.7 months, p=0.002. The median OS for patients with no gross disease/microscopically negative was 51.5 months, no gross disease/microscopically positive was 42.6 months and for gross disease was 34.9 months, p=0.018. Conclusion Although as previously reported SCS did not change PFS or OS, for those who underwent the procedure, their operative and pathologic findings were predictive of PFS and OS. Surgical/pathological residual disease is a biomarker of response to chemotherapy and predictive of PFS and OS. PMID:27692669

[The economic margins of activities of a bovine practitioner on dairy farms].

PubMed

van Genugten, A J M; van Haaften, J A; Hogeveen, H

2011-11-01

Because of lower margins and market liberalisation veterinarians and farmers are increasingly negotiating rates. Therefore, the margins of veterinarians are under pressure. In addition, the sales if drugs, performance of operations or giving of advice are more and more separated. These developments give veterinarians uncertainty about the profitability of their activities for dairy farmers. Not much is known about margins on veterinary activities on dairy farms. Moreover, it is interesting to see how much margins of the bovine practitioner differ between veterinary practises and dairy farms. In this study, invoices for bovine activities of 14 veterinary practises were combined with milk production registration data of the dairy farms of these practices. This way, the gross margin per bovine practitioner could be studied for the different veterinary practise. Moreover the relation between gross margin and specification of the veterinary practise could be studied. Finally, the gross margin per dairy farm and the factors that influenced this gross margin were studied. The most important result was the observation that the gross margin per bovine practitioner was dependent on the number of dairy farms per practitioner, the margin on drugs and the region of the veterinary practise. The size of the veterinary practise, the share of the dairy farming within the practise and the source of the gross margin (drugs, time or operations) did not influence the gross margin. Variables that explained the gross margin per dairy farm were, amongst others, the number of dairy cows, the milk production level of the farms and participation in PIR-DAP (a system to support the veterinarians herd health and management program). There is no relation of gross margin per dairy farm and the veterinary practise or region.

26 CFR 1.72-1 - Introduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... TAXES (CONTINUED) Items Specifically Included in Gross Income § 1.72-1 Introduction. (a) General principle. Section 72 prescribes rules relating to the inclusion in gross income of amounts received under a life insurance, endowment, or annuity contract unless such amounts are specifically excluded from gross...

77 FR 51706 - Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR); Definition

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-27

.... SUMMARY: The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) amends the definition of ``gross... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 49 CFR Parts 383 and 390 [Docket No. FMCSA-2012-0156] RIN 2126-AB53 Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR); Definition AGENCY...

Oropharyngeal dysphagia and gross motor skills in children with cerebral palsy.

PubMed

Benfer, Katherine A; Weir, Kelly A; Bell, Kristie L; Ware, Robert S; Davies, Peter S W; Boyd, Roslyn N

2013-05-01

To determine the prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OPD) and its subtypes (oral phase, pharyngeal phase, saliva control), and their relationship to gross motor functional skills in preschool children with cerebral palsy (CP). It was hypothesized that OPD would be present across all gross motor severity levels, and children with more severe gross motor function would have increased prevalence and severity of OPD. Children with a confirmed diagnosis of CP, 18 to 36 months corrected age, born in Queensland between 2006 and 2009, participated. Children with neurodegenerative conditions were excluded. This was a cross-sectional population-based study. Children were assessed by using 2 direct OPD measures (Schedule for Oral Motor Assessment; Dysphagia Disorders Survey), and observations of signs suggestive of pharyngeal phase impairment and impaired saliva control. Gross motor skills were described by using the Gross Motor Function Measure, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Manual Ability Classification System, and motor type/ distribution. OPD was prevalent in 85% of children with CP, and there was a stepwise relationship between OPD and GMFCS level. There was a significant increase in odds of having OPD, or a subtype, for children who were nonambulant (GMFCS V) compared with those who were ambulant (GMFCS I) (odds ratio = 17.9, P = .036). OPD was present across all levels of gross motor severity using direct assessments. This highlights the need for proactive screening of all young children with CP, even those with mild impairments, to improve growth and nutritional outcomes and respiratory health.

Relationship between habitual physical activity and gross motor skills is multifaceted in 5- to 8-year-old children.

PubMed

Laukkanen, A; Pesola, A; Havu, M; Sääkslahti, A; Finni, T

2014-04-01

Adequate motor skills are essential for children participating in age-related physical activities, and gross motor skills may play an important role for maintaining sufficient level of physical activity (PA) during life course. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between gross motor skills and PA in children when PA was analyzed by both metabolic- and neuromuscular-based methods. Gross motor skills (KTK--Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder and APM inventory--manipulative skill test) of 84 children aged 5-8 years (53 preschoolers, 28 girls; 31 primary schoolers, 18 girls) were measured, and accelerometer-derived PA was analyzed using in parallel metabolic counts and neuromuscular impact methods. The gross motor skills were associated with moderate-to-high neuromuscular impacts, PA of vigorous metabolic intensity, and mean level of PA in primary school girls (0.5 < r < 0.7, P < 0.05), and with high impacts in preschool girls (0.3 < r < 0.5, P < 0.05). In preschool boys, moderate impacts, light-to-vigorous PA, and mean level of PA were associated with gross motor skills (0.4 < r < 0.7, P < 0.05). In conclusion, the result emphasizes an important relationship between gross motor skills and PA stressing both metabolic and neuromuscular systems in children. Furthermore, PA highly stressing neuromuscular system interacts with gross motor proficiency in girls especially. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

7 CFR 1400.502 - Compliance and enforcement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND SUBSEQUENT CROP, PROGRAM, OR FISCAL YEARS Average Adjusted Gross Income Limitation § 1400.502 Compliance and enforcement. (a) To comply with the average adjusted gross income limitation, a person or... CCC from a certified public accountant or attorney that the average adjusted gross income of the...

7 CFR 1424.7 - Gross payable units.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...) Biodiesel producers will be eligible for payments on gross payable units for all biodiesel production from... rates. Unless otherwise determined by CCC, gross payable units for biodiesel production from eligible inputs will be calculated as follows: (1) For APP, by dividing the gallons of increased biodiesel by the...

7 CFR 1424.7 - Gross payable units.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...) Biodiesel producers will be eligible for payments on gross payable units for all biodiesel production from... rates. Unless otherwise determined by CCC, gross payable units for biodiesel production from eligible inputs will be calculated as follows: (1) For APP, by dividing the gallons of increased biodiesel by the...

7 CFR 1424.7 - Gross payable units.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...) Biodiesel producers will be eligible for payments on gross payable units for all biodiesel production from... rates. Unless otherwise determined by CCC, gross payable units for biodiesel production from eligible inputs will be calculated as follows: (1) For APP, by dividing the gallons of increased biodiesel by the...

7 CFR 1424.7 - Gross payable units.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...) Biodiesel producers will be eligible for payments on gross payable units for all biodiesel production from... rates. Unless otherwise determined by CCC, gross payable units for biodiesel production from eligible inputs will be calculated as follows: (1) For APP, by dividing the gallons of increased biodiesel by the...

7 CFR 1424.7 - Gross payable units.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...) Biodiesel producers will be eligible for payments on gross payable units for all biodiesel production from... rates. Unless otherwise determined by CCC, gross payable units for biodiesel production from eligible inputs will be calculated as follows: (1) For APP, by dividing the gallons of increased biodiesel by the...

Infrared Extinction and the Initial Conditions for Star and Planet Formation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lada, Charles J.

2005-01-01

This grant funded a research program to use infrared extinction measurements to probe the detailed structure of dark molecular clouds and investigate the physical conditions which give rise to star and planet formation. The goals of the this program were to: 1) acquire deep infrared and molecular-line observations of a carefully selected sample of nearby dark clouds, 2) reduce and analyze the data obtained in order to produce detailed extinction maps of the clouds, 3) use the results to measure and quantitatively describe the physical conditions of the dense gas and dust that produce stars and their accompanying planetary systems in molecular clouds. The goals of this project were met and exceeded as described below. 1) The infrared data for the project were obtained in a number of observing runs using the 3.5-meter NTT and 8-meter VLT telescopes of the European Southern Observatory in Chile and the 1.2-meter telescope of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in Arizona, the 1 0-meter Keck telescope in Hawaii, the 6.5-meter MMT of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in Arizona, and the NASA Hubble Space Telescope. The molecular-line data was obtained in three runs using the IRAM 30-meter telescope in Spain and one run with the ESO-15 meter millimeter-wave telescope in Chile. Millimeter-wave continuum measurements were obtained with the 15-meter JCMT in Hawaii. 2) Considerable effort was expended to reduce the infrared imaging observations including the development of custom software to produce high quality photometry and source astrometry. All the millimeter-line data was reduced using standard reduction routines. The highlights of the infrared analysis were the production of detailed extinction maps and the construction of profiles of the density structure of the B68, Coalsack, B335 and Lupus clouds. 3) The principal scientific accomplishments of this research program include the following: We were able to use our infrared observations to determine the density structure of the B68 cloud to an unprecedented level of precision. This lead to a major breakthrough in the study of molecular cloud structure. For the first time we have been able to characterize the structure of a dark cloud in a detail only exceeded by that known for a star. We determined that the cloud's structure is exquisitely well described by the equations of a Bonner-Ebert sphere (a pressure confined isothermal sphere). We were able to show that the cloud is very nearly in equilibrium with the internal thermal pressure of the cloud balancing gravity and the external pressure of the surrounding interstellar medium. We were able to determine for the first time the gas-to-dust ratio in a dense cloud core. We also demonstrated a new method to determine extremely precise distances to such clouds by combining knowledge of the properties of Bonner-Ebert Spheres with our infrared and millimeter-wave observations.

26 CFR 1.832-4 - Gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... TAXES Other Insurance Companies § 1.832-4 Gross income. (a)(1) Gross income as defined in section 832(b... the exhibit, however, do not reflect an insurance company's income as defined in the Code. By reason... amounts payable to customers under the applicable portion of such arrangements as losses incurred...

77 FR 65497 - Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR); Definition

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-29

... [Docket No. FMCSA-2012-0156] RIN 2126-AB53 Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR); Definition AGENCY...: FMCSA withdraws its August 27, 2012, direct final rule (DFR) amending the definition of ``gross... definition. DATES: The direct final rule published August 27, 2012 (77 FR 51706) is withdrawn effective...

7 CFR 1400.500 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... SUBSEQUENT CROP, PROGRAM, OR FISCAL YEARS Average Adjusted Gross Income Limitation § 1400.500 Applicability... program payments or benefits described in § 1400.1 if the average adjusted gross income of the person or... average adjusted gross nonfarm income as defined in § 1400.3 that exceeds $500,000 will not be eligible to...

7 CFR 1400.500 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... SUBSEQUENT CROP, PROGRAM, OR FISCAL YEARS Average Adjusted Gross Income Limitation § 1400.500 Applicability... program payments or benefits described in § 1400.1 if the average adjusted gross income of the person or... average adjusted gross nonfarm income as defined in § 1400.3 that exceeds $500,000 will not be eligible to...

26 CFR 1.993-6 - Definition of gross receipts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 10 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Definition of gross receipts. 1.993-6 Section 1.993-6 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES Domestic International Sales Corporations § 1.993-6 Definition of gross receipts. (a...

26 CFR 1.924(a)-1T - Temporary regulations; definition of foreign trading gross receipts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

...) Engineering and architectural services—(1) In general. Foreign trading gross receipts of a FSC include gross receipts from engineering services (as described in paragraph (e)(5) of this section) or architectural... without the United States. (2) Services included. Engineering and architectural services include...

26 CFR 1.924(a)-1T - Temporary regulations; definition of foreign trading gross receipts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

...) Engineering and architectural services—(1) In general. Foreign trading gross receipts of a FSC include gross receipts from engineering services (as described in paragraph (e)(5) of this section) or architectural... without the United States. (2) Services included. Engineering and architectural services include...

26 CFR 1.924(a)-1T - Temporary regulations; definition of foreign trading gross receipts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

...) Engineering and architectural services—(1) In general. Foreign trading gross receipts of a FSC include gross receipts from engineering services (as described in paragraph (e)(5) of this section) or architectural... without the United States. (2) Services included. Engineering and architectural services include...

26 CFR 1.924(a)-1T - Temporary regulations; definition of foreign trading gross receipts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

...) Engineering and architectural services—(1) In general. Foreign trading gross receipts of a FSC include gross receipts from engineering services (as described in paragraph (e)(5) of this section) or architectural... without the United States. (2) Services included. Engineering and architectural services include...

75 FR 63380 - Exclusions From Gross Income of Foreign Corporations; Correction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-15

... Exclusions From Gross Income of Foreign Corporations; Correction AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS...) under section 883(a) and (c) of the Internal Revenue Code, concerning the exclusion from gross income of income derived by certain foreign corporations from the international operation of ships or aircraft...

The Gross Anatomy Course: An Analysis of Its Importance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bockers, Anja; Jerg-Bretzke, Lucia; Lamp, Christoph; Brinkmann, Anke; Traue, Harald C.; Bockers, Tobias M.

2010-01-01

The gross anatomy dissection course is a cost-intensive piece of undergraduate medical education that students and professionals alike describe as very important within the overall medical curriculum. We sought to understand more explicitly students' valuation of gross anatomy as an "important" course and so developed a quantitative…

Balloon-Occluded Percutaneous Transhepatic Obliteration of Isolated Vesical Varices Causing Gross Hematuria

PubMed Central

Lim, Dong Hoon; Kim, Min Seok; Kim, Chul Sung

2013-01-01

Gross hematuria secondary to vesical varices is an unusual presentation. We report such a case recurrent gross hematuria in a male patient who had a history of bladder substitution with ileal segments that had been treated by balloon-occluded percutaneous transhepatic obliteration of vesical varices. PMID:23323037

Psychiatric Symptoms in Children with Gross Motor Problems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Emck, Claudia; Bosscher, Ruud J.; van Wieringen, Piet C. W.; Doreleijers, Theo; Beek, Peter J.

2012-01-01

Children with psychiatric disorders often demonstrate gross motor problems. This study investigates if the reverse also holds true by assessing psychiatric symptoms present in children with gross motor problems. Emotional, behavioral, and autism spectrum disorders (ASD), as well as psychosocial problems, were assessed in a sample of 40 children…

78 FR 75905 - Credit for Increasing Research Activities: Intra-Group Gross Receipts

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-13

... CFR Part 1 [REG-159420-04] RIN 1545-BE14 Credit for Increasing Research Activities: Intra-Group Gross... Internal Revenue Code (Code) relating to the treatment of qualified research expenditures (QREs) and gross... trades or businesses under common control (intra-group transactions) for purposes of determining the...

32 CFR 644.43 - Gross appraisals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... HANDBOOK Appraisal § 644.43 Gross appraisals. (a) Preparation. (1) The gross appraisal sections of real...-type or brief real estate design memoranda on civil works projects are submitted, comparable sales data... issued on the same project and if values have changed in the interim, additional sales data submitted to...

32 CFR 644.43 - Gross appraisals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... HANDBOOK Appraisal § 644.43 Gross appraisals. (a) Preparation. (1) The gross appraisal sections of real...-type or brief real estate design memoranda on civil works projects are submitted, comparable sales data... issued on the same project and if values have changed in the interim, additional sales data submitted to...

Watch Me Move: A Program For Parents of Young Children With Gross-Motor Delays.

PubMed

Natrasony, Candice; Teitelbaum, Debra

2016-11-01

Watch Me Move (WMM) is a 6-week parent education program for caregivers of children with gross-motor delays. The aims are to improve parent-child interaction in a gross-motor context, increase parents' knowledge of behavioral cues and gross-motor development, and decrease perceived parental stress. Forty mothers of children, 6 months to 3 years of age, with a gross-motor delay participated in a randomized control trial comparing parents who received the WMM program plus standard of care physiotherapy (n = 24) with parents whose children received standard of care physiotherapy (n = 16). Mothers who received the WMM program had significantly higher change scores on two subscales of the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (NCATS; i.e., cognitive growth fostering, and responsiveness to caregiver) and on the Parent Knowledge Questionnaire assessing knowledge of behavioral cues and gross-motor development. There were no significant group differences on the other four NCATS subscales (i.e., sensitivity to cues, response to child's distress, social emotional growth fostering, and clarity of cues) or the Parenting Stress Index. The addition of WMM to traditional physiotherapy improved aspects of mothers' ability to interact with their children and their knowledge of behavioral cues and gross-motor development.

Gross motor skill development of 5-year-old Kindergarten children in Myanmar.

PubMed

Aye, Thanda; Oo, Khin Saw; Khin, Myo Thuzar; Kuramoto-Ahuja, Tsugumi; Maruyama, Hitoshi

2017-10-01

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the gross motor skill development of 5-year-old Kindergarten children in Myanmar. [Subjects and Methods] Total 472 healthy Kindergarten children (237 males, 235 females) of 2016-2017 academic year from four schools in urban area and four schools in rural area of Myanmar were recruited. The gross motor skill development of all subjects was assessed with the test of gross motor development second edition (TGMD-2). All subjects performed two trials for each gross motor skill and the performance was video recorded and scored. The assessment procedures were done according to the standardized guidelines of TGMD-2. [Results] The majority of subjects had average level of gross motor skill rank. The significant differences were found on the run and gallop of locomotor skills and the most of object control skills except the catch between males and females. The significant differences were also found between subjects from urban and rural areas. [Conclusion] Gross motor skill development of 5-year-old Kindergarten children in Myanmar had gender-based and region-based differences on both locomotor and object control skills. This study added a valuable information to the establishment of a normative reference of Kindergarten aged children for future studies.

Gross motor skill development of 5-year-old Kindergarten children in Myanmar

PubMed Central

Aye, Thanda; Oo, Khin Saw; Khin, Myo Thuzar; Kuramoto-Ahuja, Tsugumi; Maruyama, Hitoshi

2017-01-01

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the gross motor skill development of 5-year-old Kindergarten children in Myanmar. [Subjects and Methods] Total 472 healthy Kindergarten children (237 males, 235 females) of 2016–2017 academic year from four schools in urban area and four schools in rural area of Myanmar were recruited. The gross motor skill development of all subjects was assessed with the test of gross motor development second edition (TGMD-2). All subjects performed two trials for each gross motor skill and the performance was video recorded and scored. The assessment procedures were done according to the standardized guidelines of TGMD-2. [Results] The majority of subjects had average level of gross motor skill rank. The significant differences were found on the run and gallop of locomotor skills and the most of object control skills except the catch between males and females. The significant differences were also found between subjects from urban and rural areas. [Conclusion] Gross motor skill development of 5-year-old Kindergarten children in Myanmar had gender-based and region-based differences on both locomotor and object control skills. This study added a valuable information to the establishment of a normative reference of Kindergarten aged children for future studies. PMID:29184287

The new energy management policy: Indonesian PSC-gross-split applied on steam flooding project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Irham, S.; Julyus, P.

2018-01-01

“SIPY” oil field has been producing oil using steam flooding technology since 1992 under the PSC-Cost-Recovery policy. In 2021, the contract will be finished, and a new agreement must be submitted to the Indonesian government. There are two applied fiscal policies on oil and gas management: PSC-Cost-Recovery and PSC-Gross-Split (introduced in 2017 as the new energy management plan). The contractor must choose between PSC-Cost-Recovery and PSC-Gross-split which makes more profit. The aim of this research is to determine the best oil and gas contract policy for the contractor. The methods are calculating contractor cash flow and comparing the Profitability Indexes. The results of this study are (1) Net Present Values for the PSC-Cost-Recovery and the PSC-Gross-Split are 15 MMUS and 61 MMUS, respectively; and (2) Internal Rate of Return values for the PSC-Cost-Recovery and PSC-Gross-Split are 10% and 11%, respectively. The conclusion is that the Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return of PSC-Gross-Split are greater than those of PSC-Cost-Recovery, but in Pay Out Time of PSC-Gross-split is longer than Pay Out Time in PSC-Cost-Recovery. Thus, the new energy management policy will be more attractive than PSC-Cost-Recovery.

A computational study of the Diels-Alder reactions between 2,3-dibromo-1,3-butadiene and maleic anhydride

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rivero, Uxía; Meuwly, Markus; Willitsch, Stefan

2017-09-01

The neutral and cationic Diels-Alder-type reactions between 2,3-dibromo-1,3-butadiene and maleic anhydride have been computationally explored as the first step of a combined experimental and theoretical study. Density functional theory calculations show that the neutral reaction is concerted while the cationic reaction can be either concerted or stepwise. Further isomerizations of the Diels-Alder products have been studied in order to predict possible fragmentation pathways in gas-phase experiments. Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) calculations suggest that under single-collision experimental conditions the neutral product may reform the reactants and the cationic product will most likely eliminate CO2.

Anharmonic Effect in CH3CH2C(=O)OCH2CH3 Decomposition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ding, Yang; Song, Liguo; Yao, Li; Xia, Wenwen

2017-12-01

In this paper, using the B3LYP functional and CCSD(T) method with 6-311++G** basis set, the harmonic and anharmonic rate constants in the unimolecular dissociation of ethyl propanoate have been calculated using Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus theory. The anharmonic rate constants of the title reaction have also been examined, the comparison shows that, the anharmonic effect especially in the case of high total energies and temperature for channels 3 to 6 is significant, so that the anharmonic effect cannot be neglected for unimolecular dissociation reaction of CH3CH2C(=O)OCH2CH3 both in microcanonical and canonical systems.

Communication: Charge-transfer rate constants in zinc-porphyrin-porphyrin-derived dyads: A Fermi golden rule first-principles-based study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Manna, Arun K.; Dunietz, Barry D.

2014-09-01

We investigate photoinduced charge transfer (CT) processes within dyads consisting of porphyrin derivatives in which one ring ligates a Zn metal center and where the rings vary by their degree of conjugation. Using a first-principles approach, we show that molecular-scale means can tune CT rates through stabilization affected by the polar environment. Such means of CT tuning are important for achieving high efficiency optoelectronic applications using organic semiconducting materials. Our fully quantum mechanical scheme is necessary for reliably modeling the CT process across different regimes, in contrast to the pervading semi-classical Marcus picture that grossly underestimates transfer in the far-inverted regime.

2012 ARPA-E Energy Innovation Summit: Profiling Sheetak: Low Cost - Solid State Cooling

ScienceCinema

Pokharna, Himanshu; Ghoshal, Uttam

2018-05-30

The third annual ARPA-E Energy Innovation Summit was held in Washington D.C. in February, 2012. The event brought together key players from across the energy ecosystem - researchers, entrepreneurs, investors, corporate executives, and government officials - to share ideas for developing and deploying the next generation of energy technologies. A few videos were selected for showing during the Summit to attendees. These "performer videos" highlight innovative research that is ongoing and related to the main topics of the Summit's sessions. Featured in this video are David Marcus, Founder of General Compression, and Eric Ingersoll, CEO of General Compression. Himanshu Pokharna, Vice President of Sheetak Uttam Ghoshal, President and CEO of Sheetak.

Influence of electric field on interwell tunneling rate in quasi two dimensional organic quantum wells

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Donovan, K. J.; Elliott, J. E.; Jeong, I. S.; Scott, K.; Wilson, E. G.

2000-11-01

The tunneling rate of photocreated charge carriers between layers in Langmuir-Blodgett multilayer structures is measured indirectly using the novel technique of bimolecular recombination quenching. The tunneling rate is demonstrated to be dependent upon the applied electrostatic potential difference between the layers. This dependence is explored in light of the Marcus theory of charge transfer. That theory was developed to describe redox reactions where the driving force is supplied by a chemical potential difference between two chemically different parts of a more complex system. In the current work the electrostatic potential replaces the chemical potential as the driving potential. The field dependence of the exciton dissociation probability is also determined.

Modeling of hydrogen evolution reaction on the surface of GaInP2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Choi, Woon Ih; Wood, Brandon; Schwegler, Eric; Ogitsu, Tadashi

2012-02-01

GaInP2 is promising candidate material for hydrogen production using sunlight. It reduces solvated proton into hydrogen molecule using light-induced excited electrons in the photoelectrochemical cell. However, it is challenging to model hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) using first-principles molecular dynamics. Instead, we use Anderson-Newns model and generalized solvent coordinate in Marcus-Hush theory to describe adiabatic free energy surface of HER. Model parameters are fitted from the DFT calculations. We model Volmer-Heyrovsky reaction path on the surfaces of CuPt phase of GaInP2. We also discuss effects of surface oxide and catalyst atoms that exist on top of bare surfaces in experimental circumstances.

Kinetics of the reduction of cobalt(III) amine complexes by 1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl radicals

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kusaba, K.; Ogino, Hiroshi; Bakac, A.

1989-03-08

In order to better understand the rate constants for the reduction of several cobalt complexes by 1-hydroxy-1-methylene radicals ({sup {sm bullet}}C(CH{sub 3}){sub 2}OH), the reactions of {sup {sm bullet}}(CH{sub 3}){sub 2}OH with several cobalt(III) complexes of bidentate amines have been studied. The Marcus-Hush theory was deemed the most appropriate for analysis of the kinetic data. The correlation between the kinetics of the reduction of the Co(III) amines by C(CH{sub 3}){sub 2}OH and the reduction of the first d-d band for Co(III) complexes is discussed. 21 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab.

Activation Energies of Fragmentations of Disaccharides by Tandem Mass Spectrometry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kuki, Ákos; Nagy, Lajos; Szabó, Katalin E.; Antal, Borbála; Zsuga, Miklós; Kéki, Sándor

2014-03-01

A simple multiple collision model for collision induced dissociation (CID) in quadrupole was applied for the estimation of the activation energy (Eo) of the fragmentation processes for lithiated and trifluoroacetated disaccharides, such as maltose, cellobiose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, and trehalose. The internal energy-dependent rate constants k(Eint) were calculated using the Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) or the Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel (RRK) theory. The Eo values were estimated by fitting the calculated survival yield (SY) curves to the experimental ones. The calculated Eo values of the fragmentation processes for lithiated disaccharides were in the range of 1.4-1.7 eV, and were found to increase in the order trehalose < maltose < isomaltose < cellobiose < gentiobiose.

CN radical reactions with hydrogen cyanide and cyanogen - Comparison of theory and experiment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yang, D. L.; Yu, T.; Lin, M. C.; Melius, C. F.

1992-01-01

The method of laser photolysis/laser-induced fluorescence is used to obtain absolute rate constants for CN radical reactions with HCN and C2N2. The rate constants were found to be temperature-dependent in the range 300-740 K and pressure independent in the range 100-600 Torr. Rice-Remsperger-Kassel-Marcus theory for both reactions employing the transition state parameters obtained by the BAC-MP4 method are made. These calculations yielded reasonable results for the CN + HCN reaction, predicting both the temperature dependence and pressure independence. No pressure effect was observed in the pressure range 100-1000 Torr at temperatures below 900 K, confirming the experimental results.

A new calibration of the semi-empirical photometric theory for Halley and other comets

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Newburn, R. L., Jr.

1984-01-01

The semiempirical photometric theory of gas and dust production in comets (Newburn, 1979, 1981, and 1982) is recalibrated on the basis of the 17-comet compilation of spectrophotometric data of Newburn and Spinrad (1984). The results are presented in graphs and tables, and it is shown that no corrections are required for the constant R and the function delta, but that the mixing ratios (obtained as functions of heliocentric distance) can be improved, with implications for the visual-photometric comet model. Recently calculated light curves for comet Halley are compared, and the use of the nearly identical curves of Bortle and Morris (1984) and Marcus (1983) is recommended.

Cross-validation of oxygen uptake prediction during walking in ambulatory persons with multiple sclerosis.

PubMed

Agiovlasitis, Stamatis; Motl, Robert W

2016-01-01

An equation for predicting the gross oxygen uptake (gross-VO2) during walking for persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) has been developed. Predictors included walking speed and total score from the 12-Item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale (MSWS-12). This study examined the validity of this prediction equation in another sample of persons with MS. Participants were 18 persons with MS with limited mobility problems (42 ± 13 years; 14 women). Participants completed the MSWS-12. Gross-VO2 was measured with open-circuit spirometry during treadmill walking at 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 mph (0.89, 1.34, and 1.79 m·s(-1)). Absolute percent error was small: 8.3 ± 6.1% , 8.0 ± 5.6% , and 12.2 ± 9.0% at 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 mph, respectively. Actual gross-VO2 did not differ significantly from predicted gross-VO2 at 2.0 and 3.0 mph, but was significantly higher than predicted gross-VO2 at 4.0 mph (p <  0.001). Bland-Altman plots indicated nearly zero mean difference between actual and predicted gross-VO2 with modest 95% confidence intervals at 2.0 and 3.0 mph, but there was some underestimation at 4.0 mph. Speed and MSWS-12 score provide valid prediction of gross-VO2 during treadmill walking at slow and moderate speeds in ambulatory persons with MS. However, there is a possibility of small underestimation for walking at 4.0 mph.

40 CFR 141.26 - Monitoring frequency and compliance requirements for radionuclides in community water systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

.... For the purposes of monitoring for gross alpha particle activity, radium-226, radium-228, uranium, and... monitoring: Systems must conduct initial monitoring for gross alpha particle activity, radium-226, radium-228...) For gross alpha particle activity, uranium, radium-226, and radium-228 monitoring, the State may waive...

29 CFR 794.121 - Exclusion of excise taxes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... From Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 7(b)(3) of the Act Annual Gross Volume of Sales § 794.121 Exclusion of excise taxes. The computation of the annual gross volume of sales of the enterprise for... excise taxes which are included in the sales price may be excluded in computing the annual gross volume...

29 CFR 779.260 - Trade-in allowances.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Volume of Sales Made Or Business Done § 779.260 Trade-in allowances. Where merchandise is taken in trade when a sale is made, the annual gross volume of sales or business will include the gross amount of the... is sold the amount of the sale will be included in the annual gross volume. Excise Taxes ...

26 CFR 1.832-1 - Gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... TAXES (CONTINUED) Other Insurance Companies § 1.832-1 Gross income. (a) Gross income as defined in... under section 61, except that in the case of a mutual fire insurance company described in § 1.831-1 the..., remittances from the home office of a foreign insurance company to the United States branch, borrowed money...

26 CFR 1.832-1 - Gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... TAXES (CONTINUED) Other Insurance Companies § 1.832-1 Gross income. (a) Gross income as defined in... under section 61, except that in the case of a mutual fire insurance company described in § 1.831-1 the..., remittances from the home office of a foreign insurance company to the United States branch, borrowed money...

26 CFR 1.804-3 - Gross investment income of a life insurance company.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... income of a life insurance company. (a) Gross investment income defined. For purposes of part I... insurance company as the sum of the following: (1) The gross amount of income from: (i) Interest (including... agreement from which the life insurance company may derive interest, rents, or royalties. (v) The alteration...

26 CFR 1.804-3 - Gross investment income of a life insurance company.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... income of a life insurance company. (a) Gross investment income defined. For purposes of part I... insurance company as the sum of the following: (1) The gross amount of income from: (i) Interest (including... agreement from which the life insurance company may derive interest, rents, or royalties. (v) The alteration...

26 CFR 1.832-1 - Gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... TAXES (CONTINUED) Other Insurance Companies § 1.832-1 Gross income. (a) Gross income as defined in... under section 61, except that in the case of a mutual fire insurance company described in § 1.831-1 the..., remittances from the home office of a foreign insurance company to the United States branch, borrowed money...

26 CFR 1.804-3 - Gross investment income of a life insurance company.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... income of a life insurance company. (a) Gross investment income defined. For purposes of part I... insurance company as the sum of the following: (1) The gross amount of income from: (i) Interest (including... agreement from which the life insurance company may derive interest, rents, or royalties. (v) The alteration...

26 CFR 1.804-3 - Gross investment income of a life insurance company.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... income of a life insurance company. (a) Gross investment income defined. For purposes of part I... insurance company as the sum of the following: (1) The gross amount of income from: (i) Interest (including... agreement from which the life insurance company may derive interest, rents, or royalties. (v) The alteration...

26 CFR 1.804-3 - Gross investment income of a life insurance company.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... insurance company. (a) Gross investment income defined. For purposes of part I, subchapter L, chapter 1 of the Code, section 804(b) defines the term gross investment income of a life insurance company as the... which the life insurance company may derive interest, rents, or royalties. (v) The alteration or...

26 CFR 1.832-1 - Gross income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... TAXES (CONTINUED) Other Insurance Companies § 1.832-1 Gross income. (a) Gross income as defined in... under section 61, except that in the case of a mutual fire insurance company described in § 1.831-1 the..., remittances from the home office of a foreign insurance company to the United States branch, borrowed money...

Guidelines for Standard Photography in Gross and Clinical Anatomy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barut, Cagatay; Ertilav, Hakan

2011-01-01

Photography has a widespread usage in medicine and anatomy. In this review, authors focused on the usage of photography in gross and clinical anatomy. Photography in gross and clinical anatomy is not only essential for accurate documentation of morphological findings but also important in sharing knowledge and experience. Photographs of cadavers…

The Performance of Fundamental Gross Motor Skills by Children Enrolled in Head Start.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woodard, Rebecca J.; Yun, Joonkoo

2001-01-01

This study sought to descriptively evaluate the performance of fundamental gross motor skills among Head Start children. Levels of performance were compared and contrasted with performance profiles of the Test of Gross Motor Development. Findings suggest that Head Start curriculum should focus on the importance of developing fundamental gross…

49 CFR 179.13 - Tank car capacity and gross weight limitation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Tank car capacity and gross weight limitation. 179... FOR TANK CARS General Design Requirements § 179.13 Tank car capacity and gross weight limitation. Except as provided in this section, tank cars, built after November 30, 1970, or any existing tank cars...

49 CFR 179.13 - Tank car capacity and gross weight limitation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Tank car capacity and gross weight limitation. 179... FOR TANK CARS General Design Requirements § 179.13 Tank car capacity and gross weight limitation. Except as provided in this section, tank cars, built after November 30, 1970, or any existing tank cars...

49 CFR 179.13 - Tank car capacity and gross weight limitation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Tank car capacity and gross weight limitation. 179... FOR TANK CARS General Design Requirements § 179.13 Tank car capacity and gross weight limitation. Except as provided in this section, tank cars, built after November 30, 1970, or any existing tank cars...