How Should Educational Neuroscience Conceptualise the Relation between Cognition and Brain Function? Mathematical Reasoning as a Network Process

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Varma, Sashank; Schwartz, Daniel L.

2008-01-01

Background: There is increasing interest in applying neuroscience findings to topics in education. Purpose: This application requires a proper conceptualization of the relation between cognition and brain function. This paper considers two such conceptualizations. The area focus understands each cognitive competency as the product of one (and only…

Tradeoffs in the Use of Value-Added Estimates of Teacher Effectiveness by School Districts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baxter, Andrew David

2011-01-01

A new capacity to track the inputs and outcomes of individual students' education production function has spurred a growing number of school districts to attempt to measure the productivity of their teachers in terms of student outcomes. The use of these value-added measures of teacher effectiveness is at the center of current education reform.…

Who Has to Pay for Their Education? Evidence from European Tertiary Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lim, Gieyoung; Kim, Chong-Uk

2013-01-01

In this article, we investigate a positive tertiary education externality in 18 European countries. Using a simple Cobb-Douglas-type production function with constant returns to scale, we find that there are positive spillover effects from tertiary education in European countries. According to our model prediction, on average, 72,000 new employed…

Move Your Continuing Education Unit from Function to Performance-Based.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kodgis, Damian

This document explores the policies and practices essential for maintaining a profitable, efficient, and productive continuing education program. A continuing education organizational structure must produce results (sales) and services (delivery), and organizational roles must be clearly defined so that income is linked to expenses. Sales and…

The Marketing Concept in Higher Education: A Caveat

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hugstad, Paul S.

1975-01-01

Various major business marketing actions and their analogous educational functions are examined in this exploration of the application of the marketing concept to higher education, along with modification that institutional differences (e.g. goals and operating climate) impose upon the use of such techniques (e.g. market analysis, product line…

A Reply to the "Forbs" Article or the Political Theory of School Finance Revisited: A Victorian Essay.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hickrod, G. Alan

1987-01-01

Examines a "Forbes" cover story on educational expenditures that poses questions related to three current research guidelines for educational finance: adequacy, equity, and efficiency. Different "production functions" must be sought for children of differing family backgrounds. Without adequate education, the world's armies,…

A Re-Examination of the Education Production Function Using Individual Participant Data

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pigott, Therese D.; Williams, Ryan T.; Polanin, Joshua R.

2011-01-01

The focus and purpose of this research is to examine the benefits, limitations, and implications of Individual Participant Data (IPD) meta-analysis in education. Comprehensive research reviews in education have been limited to the use of aggregated data (AD) meta- analysis, techniques based on quantitatively combining information from studies on…

Twenty Five Lesson Plans for Distributive Education. Volume 4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bennett, Nora; And Others

The teaching guide for distributive education, grade levels 11 and 12, was developed by distributive education majors at Delaware State College. It contains five lesson plans for each of the instructional areas of: (1) the functions of marketing and distribution, (2) fundamental skills, (3) product or service technology, (4) social skills and…

Learner Autonomy and Curriculum Delivery in Higher Education: The Case of University of Uyo, Nigeria

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Udosen, Alice E.

2014-01-01

Nigeria has much hope on her higher education for the production of manpower needs of the nation. And manpower production is a function of the curriculum and its delivery modes which can only be as good as its teachers. It is no gain saying that the traditional methods of curriculum delivery can no longer serve our purpose. Efforts are being made…

Teaching Basic Skills for the Information Age.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Barry O.

1986-01-01

The educational establishment should accommodate itself to society's historical shift from industrial production to increasingly service-oriented work functions. Broadening the educational experiences of the labor force to a lifetime approach of self-growth would be consistent with this societal transition. (CJH)

42 CFR 405.2448 - Preventive primary services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

.... (18) Dipstick urinalysis. (19) Risk assessment and initial counseling regarding risks. (20... mammography; and (iii) Thyroid function test. (c) Preventive primary services do not include group or mass information programs, health education classes, or group education activities, including media productions and...

Image2000: A Free, Innovative, Java Based Imaging Package

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pell, Nicholas; Wheeler, Phil; Cornwell, Carl; Matusow, David; Obenschain, Arthur F. (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center's (GSFC) Scientific and Educational Endeavors (SEE) and the Center for Image Processing in Education (CIPE) use satellite image processing as part of their science lessons developed for students and educators. The image processing products that they use, as part of these lessons, no longer fulfill the needs of SEE and CIPE because these products are either dependent on a particular computing platform, hard to customize and extend, or do not have enough functionality. SEE and CIPE began looking for what they considered the "perfect" image processing tool that was platform independent, rich in functionality and could easily be extended and customized for their purposes. At the request of SEE, NASA's GSFC, code 588 the Advanced Architectures and Automation Branch developed a powerful new Java based image processing endeavors.

Magnet Schools, Voluntary Desegregation, and Public Choice Theory: Limits and Possibilities in a Big City School System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Archbald, Douglas A.

School choice is advocated on the theory that deregulation and greater market control can restructure and improve education. While certain market strategies of improvement are worth exploring, complex production functions, unclear goals, and the political role of education in society limit the extent to which education can be understood and…

Aging and Adult Education: A Challenge for Adult Educators.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van der Kamp, Max

By the year 2000, at least 20 percent of Europeans will be over 60 years old. As the labor force ages, older employees will have to contribute more to the productivity of organizations. Due to rapid technological changes, more retraining will be required. Education can fulfill important functions for older adults, but their learning style must be…

Becoming an Insider: Teaching Science in Urban Settings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Calabrese Barton, Angela; Berchini, Christina

2013-01-01

The discourse of urban science education is often framed by discussions of achievement gaps and limited resources. Although these realities are part of the urban education landscape, they focus on deficits--what urban youth and their teachers and schools lack. We argue that it is more productive to frame urban science education as a function of…

The Supply and Demand for College Educated Labor.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nollen, Stanley D.

In this study a model for the supply of college educated labor is developed from human capital theory. A demand model is added, derived from neoclassical production function theory. Empirical estimates are made for white males and white females, using cross-sectional data on states of the U.S., 1960-70. In human capital theory, education is an…

Communication, Control, and Computer Access for Disabled and Elderly Individuals. ResourceBook 1: Communication Aids. Rehab/Education Technology ResourceBook Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brandenburg, Sara A., Ed.; Vanderheiden, Gregg C., Ed.

One of a series of three resource guides concerned with communication, control, and computer access for disabled and elderly individuals, the directory focuses on communication aids. The book's six chapters each cover products with the same primary function. Cross reference indexes allow access to listings of products by function, input/output…

77 FR 10725 - Establishment of the Consumer Advisory Board and Solicitation of Nominations for Membership

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-23

...''), the Bureau's primary functions are: 1. Conducting financial education programs; 2. Collecting... the Bureau's functions under the Federal consumer financial protection laws, and which will provide... information relevant to the function of markets for consumer financial products and services to identify risks...

Multivariate Analysis of Schools and Educational Policy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kiesling, Herbert J.

This report describes a multivariate analysis technique that approaches the problems of educational production function analysis by (1) using comparable measures of output across large experiments, (2) accounting systematically for differences in socioeconomic background, and (3) treating the school as a complete system in which different…

Educational Opportunity Is Achievable and Affordable

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rebell, Michael A.; Wolff, Jessica R.

2012-01-01

Raising academic standards while eliminating achievement gaps between advantaged and disadvantaged students are among America's primary national educational goals. According to a growing body of research, America will attain its goals of equity and preparing students to function effectively as citizens and productive workers only through a…

Educational Impact of Digital Visualization Tools on Digital Character Production Computer Science Courses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van Langeveld, Mark Christensen

2009-01-01

Digital character production courses have traditionally been taught in art departments. The digital character production course at the University of Utah is centered, drawing uniformly from art and engineering disciplines. Its design has evolved to include a synergy of computer science, functional art and human anatomy. It gives students an…

DMSO Production and Logistics Functional Working Group workshop. Proceedings held in McLean, VA on 16-18 Nov 1992

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-04-02

Issues and other environmental Impact concerns r ation: Manufacturing ateIgoJy: Technology Timaame: Near term Imoact of not MTeetln reaulrement...simulation (M&S needs of the defense M&S community. This community is partitioned into five major areas: Education , Training and Military Operations (ETMO...requirements throughout the community. The five DMSO Functional Work Groups ( Education , Training and Military Operations; Research and Development

Estimating the Cost of an Adequate Education in New York. Working Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duncombe, William

The New York State Board of Regents and the Commissioner of Education have identified a set of performance standards for students that reflect the knowledge and skills needed to function as productive citizens in the 21st century. The New York State Department of Education has developed new Regents Examinations, which all students must pass to…

Project Employability: Employability Curriculum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burrell, Lewis P.; Talarico, Robert L.

The fourth of six products from Project Employability (Ohio) outlines instructional goals and objectives designed to improve employment skills of high functioning trainable and low functioning educable mentally retarded high school students. The employability philosophy incorporates statements regarding career exploration, practice as a means to…

Physical Functioning Trends among US Women and Men Age 45-64 by Education Level.

PubMed

Zajacova, Anna; Montez, Jennifer Karas

2017-01-01

Functional limitations and disability declined in the US during the 1980s and 1990s, but reports of early 21st century trends are mixed. Whether educational inequalities in functioning increased or decreased is also poorly understood. Given the importance of disability for productivity, independent living, and health care costs, these trends are critical to US social and health policies. We examine recent trends in functional limitations and disability among women and men aged 45-64. Using 2000-2015 National Health Interview Surveys data on over 155,000 respondents, semiparametric and logistic regression models visualize and test functioning trends by education. Among women and men with at least a college degree, there was no change in disability and mild increase in limitations over time. All other education levels experienced significant increases in functioning problems ranging from 18% higher odds of functional limitations in 2015 compared to 2000 among men with some college to about 80% increase in the odds of disability among women and men with less than high school education. The similar trends for both genders suggest common underlying causes, possibly including the worsening economic well-being of middle- and working-class families. The pervasive growth of functioning problems is a cause for concern that necessitates further scholarly investigation.

Education and marketing: a new link to productivity.

PubMed

McVeety, K M

1993-01-01

Now is the time for hospital educators to become business-oriented. A marketing mindset must be developed to target not only health care professionals, but also the community at large (Johnson, 1991). This article offers an innovative approach for educators to align their departmental functions with the hospital's mission of providing high-quality health care services. This task is accomplished by utilizing the education department as a marketing tool for the hospital.

A Top Down Strategy To Enhance Information Technologies into Israeli Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guri-Rosenblit, Sara

2002-01-01

The integration of information technologies (IT) into Israeli higher education through a top-down strategy has created systemic change. The use of IT in Israeli universities varies in terms of access-outreach, teaching-learning processes, study materials production, data and information retrieval, administrative functions, the creation of…

Three Essays on the Economics of Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herrmann, Mariesa Ann

2012-01-01

This dissertation consists of essays on three inputs into the educational production function: curriculum, peers, and teachers. The chapters are linked by their focus on understanding the importance of these inputs for student achievement and by their exploitation of the exact timing of events (i.e., student mobility, receipt of special education…

Economic Literacy: An Instructional Guide for Vocational Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blackman, Linda L.; And Others

This instructor's guide consists of materials for use in helping vocational education students acquire basic economic literacy. Addressed in the individual units of the guide are the following topics: worker productivity, the free enterprise system, components of the economy, the consumer as a decision maker, small business functions, economic…

Farmers Functional Literacy Programme.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ministry of Education and Social Welfare, New Delhi (India).

The Farmers Training and Functional Literacy Programme, initiated by the government of India in 1968, was an effort to translate into practice the concept of linking education (not only vocational training) to development, particularly for increasing production. The project, a joint enterprise of three government ministries, provides participating…

Exploring the institutional logics of health professions education scholarship units.

PubMed

Varpio, Lara; O'Brien, Bridget; Hu, Wendy; Ten Cate, Olle; Durning, Steven J; van der Vleuten, Cees; Gruppen, Larry; Irby, David; Humphrey-Murto, Susan; Hamstra, Stanley J

2017-07-01

Although health professions education scholarship units (HPESUs) share a commitment to the production and dissemination of rigorous educational practices and research, they are situated in many different contexts and have a wide range of structures and functions. In this study, the authors explore the institutional logics common across HPESUs, and how these logics influence the organisation and activities of HPESUs. The authors analysed interviews with HPESU leaders in Canada (n = 12), Australia (n = 21), New Zealand (n = 3) and the USA (n = 11). Using an iterative process, they engaged in inductive and deductive analyses to identify institutional logics across all participating HPESUs. They explored the contextual factors that influence how these institutional logics impact each HPESU's structure and function. Participants identified three institutional logics influencing the organisational structure and functions of an HPESU: (i) the logic of financial accountability; (ii) the logic of a cohesive education continuum, and (iii) the logic of academic research, service and teaching. Although most HPESUs embodied all three logics, the power of the logics varied among units. The relative power of each logic influenced leaders' decisions about how members of the unit allocate their time, and what kinds of scholarly contribution and product are valued by the HPESU. Identifying the configuration of these three logics within and across HPESUs provides insights into the reasons why individual units are structured and function in particular ways. Having a common language in which to discuss these logics can enhance transparency, facilitate evaluation, and help leaders select appropriate indicators of HPESU success. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd and The Association for the Study of Medical Education.

Functional Context Education. Workshop Resource Notebook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sticht, Thomas G.

This notebook contains materials for a workshop to teach participants how to address the needs of youth and adults for improved literacy, employability, and productivity. Chapter 1 provides information about the current state of youth and adult literacy, employability, and productivity in the United States. Chapter 2 presents a conceptual…

Information Resources; A Searcher's Manual. MOREL Regional Information System for Educators.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grimes, George; Doyle, James

This document is one of a series describing the background, functions, and utilization of the Regional Information System (RIS) developed by the Michigan-Ohio Regional Educational Laboratory (MOREL). The purpose of this manual is to detail a procedure for performing a productive search of information resources which can satisfy the informational…

National Diffusion/Adoption Network: A First Year Formative Look. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Magi Educational Services, Inc., Port Chester, NY.

A basic function of the Diffusion/Adoption Network is to assist interested school districts in becoming aware of successfully demonstrated, innovative educational ideas, products, and programs; and in aquiring, through training, the competencies necessary to adopt or adapt a proven educational program. There are five basic components of the…

The Erosion of the University as a Public Sphere

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sit, Victoria

2008-01-01

Neo-liberal policies and programs regarding higher education operate to fulfill either one of two main goals. The first is the privatization of public education. The second objective is the creation of an "iron cage" of economic rationality and standardization, which functions to regulate the production of human capital in the public education…

Improving Competences of Engineering Students in Terms of Development of Research Function

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ivashova, Valentina A.; Pavliuk, Roman V.; Zaharin, Anton V.; Maslova, Lyubov F.; Alivanova, Svetlana S.

2016-01-01

Among the priorities of the vocational education reformation, highlighted in the concepts of development of vocational and technical (professional) education, the need to develop the standards of professional expertise for the professions and types of work is identified with regard to the prospects of development of production and scientific…

Appraisal of the Availability and Utilization of Information and Communication Technology in the Higher Education System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ogbuozobe, J. E.; Okeke, Emeka Paul

2014-01-01

The availability and functionality of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) provides a productive academic platform for both students and staff of institutions of higher learning. ICT use for educational purposes has enhanced teaching and learning through its dynamic, interactive and engaging academic course content. In application, it…

Revisiting Economies of Size in American Education: Are We Any Closer to a Consensus?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andrews, Matthew; Duncombe, William; Yinger, John

2002-01-01

Explores whether state policies encouraging the consolidation of rural school districts to improve efficiency through economies of scale are substantiated in the research literature. Reviews three decades of research on education economies of scale involving cost and production-function studies. Finds little program-evaluation research on school…

Puppets and Population.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baird, Bil

This document focuses on the use of puppets for educating the illiterate populations of the world in food production and family planning. It is presented as one practical and effective tool for the adult educator and literacy worker. When used as part of a total program of functional literacy for family life planning, it can help young adults gain…

Guidelines to design engineering education in the twenty-first century for supporting innovative product development

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Violante, Maria Grazia; Vezzetti, Enrico

2017-11-01

In the twenty-first century, meeting our technological challenges demands educational excellence, a skilled populace that is ready for the critical challenges society faces. There is widespread consensus, however, that education systems are failing to adequately prepare all students with the essential twenty-first century knowledge and skills necessary to succeed in life, career, and citizenship. The purpose of this paper is to understand how twenty-first century knowledge and skills can be appropriately embedded in engineering education finalised to innovative product development by using additive manufacturing (AM). The study designs a learning model by which to achieve effective AM education to address the requirements of twenty-first century and to offer students the occasion to experiment with STEM (Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) concepts. The study is conducted using the quality function deployment (QFD) methodology.

Design, Form, and Function in Art Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vande Zande, Robin

2007-01-01

Human beings are influenced by design every day through continuous contact with functional form in and through visual culture. They encounter a continuous current of such new styles as clothing fashions, architecture, furniture and advertisements. The American pursuit of happiness has become related to an increasing flow of products and…

Educational technologies and the teaching of ethics in science and engineering.

PubMed

Loui, Michael C

2005-07-01

To support the teaching of ethics in science and engineering, educational technologies offer a variety of functions: communication between students and instructors, production of documents, distribution of documents, archiving of class sessions, and access to remote resources. Instructors may choose to use these functions of the technologies at different levels of intensity, to support a variety of pedagogies, consistent with accepted good practices. Good pedagogical practices are illustrated in this paper with four examples of uses of educational technologies in the teaching of ethics in science and engineering. Educational technologies impose costs for the purchase of hardware, licensing of software, hiring of support personnel, and training of instructors. Whether the benefits justify these costs is an unsettled question. While many researchers are studying the possible benefits of educational technologies, all instructors should assess the effectiveness of their practices.

Drustveno-ekonomiski odnosi i polozaj obrazovanja u uvjetima razvoja samoupravljanja u Jugoslaviji (Socio-economic Relations and the Position of Education in the Conditions of the Development of Self Management in Yugoslavia).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Veselica, Marko; And Others

This document is an English-language abstract (approximately 1,500 words) of a survey article discussing the position of education amidst new trends in Yugoslavia of socio-economic conditions toward greater self-management. The work has four parts: (1) the socio-economic functions of elementary education in conditions of developed production and…

Fostering Democratic Discussions in the Classroom: An Examination of Tensions in Civic Education, Contemporary Schools, and Teacher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cornett, Jeffrey W.; Gaudelli, William

The rationale for public schools has been divergently articulated around various broad themes integrated with a democratic society: economic production, socialization, integration, stability, and equality. Though divergent with regard to purpose and function of schools, advocates of these different purposes generally agree on a civic purpose of…

Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Resource Dependence: A Chow Test of Production Functions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coupet, Jason

2013-01-01

While several studies have examined the impact of expenditures on graduation rates in higher education institutions, historically Black colleges and universities have strong government dependencies that suggest that these links might be different than for other universities. This paper investigates these links by estimating the production function…

Work productivity in a population-based cohort of patients with spondyloarthritis.

PubMed

Haglund, Emma; Bremander, Ann; Bergman, Stefan; Jacobsson, Lennart T H; Petersson, Ingemar F

2013-09-01

To assess work productivity and associated factors in patients with SpA. This cross-sectional postal survey included 1773 patients with SpA identified in a regional health care register. Items on presenteeism (reduced productivity at work, 0-100%, 0 = no reduction) were answered by 1447 individuals. Absenteeism was defined as register-based sick leave using data from a national register. Disease duration, disease activity (BASDAI), physical function (BASFI), health-related quality of life (EQ-5D), anxiety (HAD-a), depression (HAD-d), self-efficacy [Arthritis Self-efficacy Scale (ASES) pain and symptom], physical activity and education were also measured. Forty-five per cent reported reduced productivity at work with a mean reduction of 20% (95% CI 18, 21) and women reported a higher mean reduction than men (mean 23% vs 17%, P < 0.001). Worse quality of life, disease activity, physical function and anxiety all correlated with reduced productivity (r = 0.52-0.66, P < 0.001), while sick leave did not. Worse outcomes on the EQ-5D (β-est -9.6, P < 0.001), BASDAI (β-est 7.8, P < 0.001), BASFI (β-est 7.3, P < 0.001), ASES pain (β-est -0.5, P < 0.001) and HAD-d (β-est 3.4, P < 0.001) were associated with reduced productivity at work in patients with SpA regardless of age, gender and disease subgroup. ASES symptoms, HAD-a and education level <12 years were associated with reduced productivity but were not significant in all strata for age, gender and disease subgroup. Work productivity was reduced in patients with SpA and more so in women. Worse quality of life, disease activity, physical function, self-efficacy and depression were all associated with reduced productivity at work in patients with SpA.

Production Function Analysis in Higher Education: General Methodology and Applications to Four Year Black Colleges: Appendix G. The Development of Institutions of Higher Education: Theory and Assessment of Impact of Four Possible Areas of Federal Intervention.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weathersby, George B.; Trueheart, William E.

Many colleges and universities have claimed some degree of financial distress, have sought increased federal, state, and philanthropic assistance, and have agonized over predicted declines in youth demand for higher education. In response to these concerns, numerous cost studies have been conducted but little is known of the relative efficiency of…

Business and the Future of Education. Sequoia Action Brief #1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hawkins, Robert B., Jr.

Many entry level employees do not have the skills to become productive members of the work force. The nationwide decline in educational performance is documented by functional illiteracy among 13 percent of white 17-year-olds, and 42 percent of black 17-year-olds; a decline in the national average scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT); and…

Contemporary Issues Necessitating Reform in Higher Education Programs and Curricula in Response to Challenges of Employability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adebisi, M. A.; Akinkuowo, F. O.

2015-01-01

Learning at the tertiary level of education could be described as being effective and functional, if it results in bringing about the expected transformation in the lives of its graduates over a period of time. Moreover effective learning should produce graduates who are adequately informed and technically equipped to become productive workers and…

What We Can Learn from the Use of Student Data in Efficiency Analysis within the Context of Higher Education?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barra, Cristian; Zotti, Roberto

2017-01-01

The main purpose of the paper is to estimate the efficiency of a big public university in Italy using individual student-level data, modeling exogenous variables in human capital formation through a heteroscedastic stochastic frontier approach. Specifically, a production function for tertiary education has been estimated with emphasis on…

(Re)Landscaping Early Childhood Education in East Asia: A Neoliberal Economic and Political Imaginary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, I-Fang

2018-01-01

This article unpacks how neoliberal discourse functions as a dominant but problematic system of reasoning that changes and shifts the ways in which we come to think about early childhood education and care. A post-structuralist lens is deployed to understand the production of fears and hopes under the looming shadows of contemporary education…

The Effects of Student Demographics and School Resources on California School Performance Gain: A Fixed Effects Panel Model

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wu, Mei-Jiun

2013-01-01

Background/Context: Recently emerged with the implementation of the California's Public Schools Accountability Act of 1999 and the NCLB Act of 2001 is an increase in the number of education production function studies estimating the relationship between educational inputs and APIs. While the majority of past research on California school…

Revisiting Expansive Learning for Knowledge Production and Capability Development at Postgraduate Level in Higher Education Studies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Niemann, Rita

2013-01-01

Higher education in South Africa is challenged by academic and social demands. Universities, therefore, have to produce graduates who will be able to function optimally within their field of study, as well as act as agents of change in their social environment. The main purpose of this article is to theorise about applying Engestrom's expansive…

Measuring Educational Efficiency at Student Level with Parametric Stochastic Distance Functions: An Application to Spanish PISA Results

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perelman, Sergio; Santin, Daniel

2011-01-01

The aim of the present paper is to examine the observed differences in Students' test performance across public and private-voucher schools in Spain. For this purpose, we explicitly consider that education is a multi-input multi-output production process subject to inefficient behaviors, which can be identified at student level using a parametric…

Resources and Research Production in Higher Education: A Longitudinal Analysis of Chinese Universities, 2000-2010

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhang, Liang; Bao, Wei; Sun, Liang

2016-01-01

In this study we examined the resource-research relationship at China's research universities. The stochastic frontier production function was employed in analyses of a panel data set on a group of the most research-intensive universities in China from 2000 to 2010. Results suggested overall tight relationships between various resources (including…

Differences in Meta-Aesthetic Consciousness in Students Taking Fine Arts, Design and Academy Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tataroglu, Eylem

2016-01-01

Meta-aesthetics is the aesthetic field relating to the images of products where the conversion value, separate from the product's function, takes part directly in its value. Meta-aesthetics is among the subjects that today's art and design world must address more sensitively. This study was based on a 2009 dissertation measuring university…

Products for Improving Educational Evaluation. Center for the Study of Evaluation. Fifth Annual Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alkin, Marvin C.

This publication provides background information on the functions and operations of the Center for the Study of Evaluation and reports on such center products as Insructional Objectives Exchange (IOX), CSE Elementary School Test Evaluations, and Evaluation Workshop I. Appendixes include: a summary of center accomplishments; a list of the center's…

Hospital nurse productivity enhancement.

PubMed

Eastaugh, Steven R

2007-01-01

Nurse staffing patterns have come under increased scrutiny as hospital managers attempt to control costs without harming service quality or staff morale. This study presents production function results from a study of nurse output from 2002 to 2005. The results suggest that productivity varies widely among the 39 hospitals as a function of staffing patterns, methods of organization, and the degree of reliance on nurse extender technicians. Nurse extenders can enhance the marginal value product of the most educated nurses as the RNs concentrate their workday around patient care activities. The results suggest that nurse extenders free RNs from the burden of nonnursing tasks. Incentive pay for nurses based on productivity gains is associated with enhanced productivity. One should get the greatest output for the least input effort, better balancing all factors of service delivery to achieve the most with the smallest resource effort.

Cost, Price and Public Policy: Peering into the Higher Education Black Box. New Agenda Series[TM], Volume 1, Number 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stringer, William L.; Cunningham, Alisa F.

This report contains a conceptual framework for analyzing costs and prices by evaluating the higher education production function and the determinants of both prices and costs. The framework can be used to strengthen understanding of costs and prices within individual institutions and to inform macro level investments at state and national levels.…

Organizational Structure and Design in Higher Education: A Literature Review of Organizational Structures in Higher Education with a Focus on the Co-Existence of Academic and Non-Academic Structures.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

White, Auston E.

Two structures of authority coexist in colleges and universities: one that manages the supporting functional services and one that deals with the production areas of scholarship, teaching, and learning. This literature review defines organizational structure, discusses traditional organization models such as bureaucratic models, and outlines the…

Knowledge and Behavior Regarding Cosmetics in Koreans Visiting Dermatology Clinics

PubMed Central

Oh, Sohee; Kim, Nack In; Ro, Young Suck; Kim, Joung Soo; Park, Young Min; Park, Chun Wook; Lee, Weon Ju; Kim, Dong Kun; Lee, Dong Won; Lee, Sang Jun

2017-01-01

Background Cosmetics can affect the skin condition profoundly, and yet no survey has been performed in Koreans visiting dermatology clinics. Objective To assess knowledge and consumer behavior regarding cosmetics in Koreans visiting dermatology clinics. Methods A questionnaire consisting of 43 questions concerning demographics and use/knowledge/selection/purchase of cosmetics was given to patients and accompanying persons who visited dermatologic clinics in university and private clinic settings. Results In total 1,015 subjects (73.2% females, mean age 32.5 years) completed the survey. Education level was college or higher in 72.8%. Thirty-one percent had been diagnosed with a skin disorder, atopic dermatitis and seborrheic dermatitis being the most frequent diagnoses (33.7% and 16.8%, respectively). The frequency of makeup/sunscreen/functional cosmetics use, amount of sunscreen use, recognition of functional cosmetics, and knowledge of shelf life were significantly correlated with level of education. Among “functional cosmetics,” whitening products were used most frequently (29.2%). Regardless of education level, 79.2% purchased cosmetics without checking ingredients, and 85.7% were unaware of the all-ingredient-labelling regulations, and yet subjects considered ingredient the most important factor when purchasing a product. Conclusion Outpatient subjects in their twenties and thirties are the most knowledgeable about cosmetics in Korea. PMID:28392645

Revising the economic imperative for US STEM education.

PubMed

Donovan, Brian M; Moreno Mateos, David; Osborne, Jonathan F; Bisaccio, Daniel J

2014-01-01

Over the last decade macroeconomic studies have established a clear link between student achievement on science and math tests and per capita gross domestic product (GDP) growth, supporting the widely held belief that science, technology, engineering, and math(STEM) education are important factors in the production of economic prosperity. We critique studies that use science and math tests to predict GDP growth, arguing that estimates of the future economic value of STEM education involve substantial speculation because they ignore the impacts of economic growth on biodiversity and ecosystem functionality, which, in the long-term, limit the potential for future economic growth. Furthermore, we argue that such ecological impacts can be enabled by STEM education. Therefore, we contend that the real economic imperative for the STEM pipeline is not just raising standardized test scores, but also empowering students to assess, preserve, and restore ecosystems in order to reduce ecological degradation and increase economic welfare.

Top 10 "Smart" Technologies for Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fodeman, Doug; Holzberg, Carol S.; Kennedy, Kristen; McIntire, Todd; McLester, Susan; Ohler, Jason; Parham, Charles; Poftak, Amy; Schrock, Kathy; Warlick, David

2002-01-01

Describes 10 smart technologies for education, including voice to text software; mobile computing; hybrid computing; virtual reality; artificial intelligence; telementoring; assessment methods; digital video production; fingerprint recognition; and brain functions. Lists pertinent Web sites for each technology. (LRW)

The Farm--Its Function and Future. Environmental Ecological Education Project. Revised.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parkway School District, Chesterfield, MO.

This unit, designed for use in the primary grades (K-3), focuses on the farm and its functions. The various aspects of farming are discussed from an ecological and environmental point of view through such topics as soil, plants, animals, machinery, production of food, job opportunities, and the future of the farm. There is also a comparison of the…

The Influence of an NCLB Accountability Plan on the Distribution of Student Test Score Gains

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Springer, Matthew G.

2008-01-01

Previous research on the effect of accountability programs on the distribution of student test score gains is decidedly mixed. This study examines the issue by estimating an educational production function in which test score gains are a function of the incentives schools have to focus instruction on below-proficient students. NCLB's threat of…

Rural Enterprises, Incorporated report of significant activities and accomplishments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1985-01-01

The ongoing activities of Rural Enterprises, Inc. are presented. The function of Rural Enterprises is to bring innovation from its rudimentary conceptual stages to useful and productive ends by means of cooperation with government, business, and educational institutions.

The Ever Challenging Environment of Producing Knowledgeable and Skillful Graduates: Changing the Culture of Higher Education of Institutions in Teaching and Learning Approaches

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zakaria, Sabarudin

2017-01-01

The education system of modern society can be understood as an institution whose functions include its capacity to reproduce its host society, both economically and culturally. Higher institution of learning is no more seen as a place of mass production of graduates willingly believes that they are now ready to perform their duties. The newly…

Analysis of PLEs' Implementation under OER Design as a Productive Teaching-Learning Strategy in Higher Education. A Case Study at Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vázquez-Cano, Esteban; Martín-Monje, Elena; Castrillo de Larreta-Azelain, María Dolores

2016-01-01

This paper shows some research which analysed the didactic functionality of Personal Learning Environments (PLEs) and Open Educational Resources (OERs). They were created by students from the Master's Degree in Information and Communication Technologies applied to language teaching and processing, at Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia…

Revisiting Modernization Theory in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Relationship Between Industrialization and Democratization

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-01

per capita and gross domestic product. Literacy is a function of educational opportunity and quality such that people may communicate and acquire...Private capitalists do, however, face the challenges of a largely agricultural and/or informal labor force with lower education, skills and literacy rates... information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction , searching existing data sources, gathering and

Are the Educational Credentials of Immigrant and Native-Born Workers Perfect Substitutes in Canadian Labour Markets? A Production Function Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Akbari, Ather H.; Aydede, Yigit

2013-01-01

For the past two decades, most immigrants who arrived in the advanced nations of the western world originated in less advanced countries of the third world. One of the main barriers to their economic integration, as viewed in the public circles of host nations, is the lack of recognition of their educational credentials based on which the…

Communication, Control, and Computer Access for Disabled and Elderly Individuals. ResourceBook 2: Switches and Environmental Controls. Rehab/Education Technology ResourceBook Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brandenburg, Sara A., Ed.; Vanderheiden, Gregg C., Ed.

One of a series of three resource guides concerned with communication, control, and computer access for disabled and elderly individuals, the directory focuses on switches and environmental controls. The book's three chapters each cover products with the same primary function. Cross reference indexes allow access to listings of products by…

Longitudinal Associations Between Formal Volunteering and Cognitive Functioning.

PubMed

Proulx, Christine M; Curl, Angela L; Ermer, Ashley E

2018-03-02

The present study examines the association between formal volunteering and cognitive functioning over time. We also examine the moderating roles of race, sex, education, and time. Using 11,100 participants aged 51 years and older and nine waves of data from the Health and Retirement Survey, we simultaneously modeled the longitudinal associations between engaging in formal volunteering and changes in cognitive functioning using multilevel models. Formal volunteering was associated with higher levels of cognitive functioning over time, especially with aspects of cognitive functioning related to working memory and processing. This association was stronger for women than it was for men, and for those with below average levels of education. The positive association between formal volunteering and cognitive functioning weakened over time when cognitive functioning was conceptualized as memory, but strengthened over time when conceptualized as working memory and processing. Volunteering is a productive activity that is beneficial not just to society, but to volunteers' levels of cognitive functioning in older age. For women and those with lower levels of education, formal volunteering appears particularly beneficial to working memory and processing. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Healthy Aging After Age 65: A Life-Span Health Production Function Approach.

PubMed

Ferdows, Nasim B; Jensen, Gail A; Tarraf, Wassim

2018-06-01

This article examines the determinants of healthy aging using Grossman's framework of a health production function. Healthy aging, sometimes described as successful aging, is produced using a variety of inputs, determined in early life, young adulthood, midlife, and later life. A healthy aging production function is estimated using nationally representative data from the 2010 and 2012 Health and Retirement Study on 7,355 noninstitutionalized seniors. Using a simultaneous equation mediation model, we quantify how childhood factors contribute to healthy aging, both directly and indirectly through their effects on mediating adult outcomes. We find that favorable childhood conditions significantly improve healthy aging scores, both directly and indirectly, mediated through education, income, and wealth. We also find that good health habits have positive effects on healthy aging that are larger in magnitude than the effects of childhood factors. Our findings suggest that exercising, maintaining proper weight, and not smoking are likely to translate into healthier aging.

Cross-Battery Assessment? XBA PSW? A Case of Mistaken Identity: A Commentary on Kranzler and Colleagues' "Classification Agreement Analysis of Cross-Battery Assessment in the Identification of Specific Learning Disorders in Children and Youth"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flanagan, Dawn P.; Schneider, W. Joel

2016-01-01

When education works, it creates productive, innovative citizens eager to contribute to a well-functioning democracy. In contrast, educational failure has lifelong consequences, with some individuals experiencing decades of preventable hardship. Dawn Flanagan and Joel Schneider write in this response that, like Kranzler, Floyd, Benson, Zabowski,…

Network dysfunction predicts speech production after left hemisphere stroke.

PubMed

Geranmayeh, Fatemeh; Leech, Robert; Wise, Richard J S

2016-03-09

To investigate the role of multiple distributed brain networks, including the default mode, fronto-temporo-parietal, and cingulo-opercular networks, which mediate domain-general and task-specific processes during speech production after aphasic stroke. We conducted an observational functional MRI study to investigate the effects of a previous left hemisphere stroke on functional connectivity within and between distributed networks as patients described pictures. Study design included various baseline tasks, and we compared results to those of age-matched healthy participants performing the same tasks. We used independent component and psychophysiological interaction analyses. Although activity within individual networks was not predictive of speech production, relative activity between networks was a predictor of both within-scanner and out-of-scanner language performance, over and above that predicted from lesion volume, age, sex, and years of education. Specifically, robust functional imaging predictors were the differential activity between the default mode network and both the left and right fronto-temporo-parietal networks, respectively activated and deactivated during speech. We also observed altered between-network functional connectivity of these networks in patients during speech production. Speech production is dependent on complex interactions among widely distributed brain networks, indicating that residual speech production after stroke depends on more than the restoration of local domain-specific functions. Our understanding of the recovery of function following focal lesions is not adequately captured by consideration of ipsilesional or contralesional brain regions taking over lost domain-specific functions, but is perhaps best considered as the interaction between what remains of domain-specific networks and domain-general systems that regulate behavior. © 2016 American Academy of Neurology.

Network dysfunction predicts speech production after left hemisphere stroke

PubMed Central

Leech, Robert; Wise, Richard J.S.

2016-01-01

Objective: To investigate the role of multiple distributed brain networks, including the default mode, fronto-temporo-parietal, and cingulo-opercular networks, which mediate domain-general and task-specific processes during speech production after aphasic stroke. Methods: We conducted an observational functional MRI study to investigate the effects of a previous left hemisphere stroke on functional connectivity within and between distributed networks as patients described pictures. Study design included various baseline tasks, and we compared results to those of age-matched healthy participants performing the same tasks. We used independent component and psychophysiological interaction analyses. Results: Although activity within individual networks was not predictive of speech production, relative activity between networks was a predictor of both within-scanner and out-of-scanner language performance, over and above that predicted from lesion volume, age, sex, and years of education. Specifically, robust functional imaging predictors were the differential activity between the default mode network and both the left and right fronto-temporo-parietal networks, respectively activated and deactivated during speech. We also observed altered between-network functional connectivity of these networks in patients during speech production. Conclusions: Speech production is dependent on complex interactions among widely distributed brain networks, indicating that residual speech production after stroke depends on more than the restoration of local domain-specific functions. Our understanding of the recovery of function following focal lesions is not adequately captured by consideration of ipsilesional or contralesional brain regions taking over lost domain-specific functions, but is perhaps best considered as the interaction between what remains of domain-specific networks and domain-general systems that regulate behavior. PMID:26962070

Experiencing Functional Electrical Stimulation Roots on Education, and Clinical Developments in Paraplegia and Tetraplegia With Technological Innovation.

PubMed

Varoto, Renato; Cliquet, Alberto

2015-10-01

Cybernetics-based concepts can allow for complete independence for paralyzed individuals, including sensory motor recovery. Spinal cord injuries are responsible for a huge stress on health and a financial burden to society. This article focuses on novel procedures such as functional diagnosis for paraplegics and tetraplegics, cybertherapies toward lessening comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, etc., and the production of new technology for upper and lower limb control. Functional electrical stimulation reflects a unique opportunity for bipedal gait to be achieved by paraplegics and tetraplegics. Education and training of undergraduates and postgraduates in engineering and life sciences have also been a major aim of this work. Copyright © 2015 International Center for Artificial Organs and Transplantation and Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Images in Language, Media, and Mind.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fox, Roy F., Ed.

The essays in this collection discuss the "image" as both product and process. Representing such diverse disciplines as rhetoric, composition, clinical psychology, journalism, photography, communication, education, and sociology, the essays describe how images function and how they are linked with language and explore the role of images…

Toddler Working Memory Skills Predict Kindergarten School Readiness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fitzpatrick, Caroline; Pagani, Linda S.

2012-01-01

Converging findings in psychology, neuroscience, education, and economics suggests that child persistence in learning represents an important determinant of academic success during the school years. Nevertheless, the developmental origins of productive learning behaviors are not well understood. Some findings suggest that executive function skills…

At Ease in the Handheld World.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levinson, Eliot; Grohe, Barbara

2001-01-01

Provides educational decision-makers with an overview of the offerings and issues related to adopting handheld computers. Describes several handheld products available to schools, including: Palm, iPAQ, Mindsurf, Symbol Technologies, Texas Instruments, and Gateway Handspring Visor. Compares handhelds to PCs, in terms of functionality, operating…

Entkolonialisierung der Erziehung — das Beispiel Der VR Kongo

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Radtke, Frank-Olaf; Gstettner, Peter; Streiffeler, Friedhelm

1981-03-01

The first part of this contribution attempts to recapitulate the economic and social conditions facing educational policy in post-colonial Africa. The second part shows that the dependence on world economy is aggravated by the separation of education from productive work, which is a concomitant of the institutionalisation of education. In the communally-organised traditional African societies, education was incumbent on all members of the society; it was part of the common life-and-work process. It was not until the school as institution had been introduced that education came to be governed by the principles of the division of labour and took over the function of the selection and creation of privilege. This has led to an alientation of school leavers from productive work. The educational system as a whole can no longer support those societal tasks that require creativity and development. Following a phase of quantitative expansion, the third part points out that African educational policy is currently making great efforts to give the educational system a qualitative reorientation towards the real needs of African societies. The fourth part describes the detachment from Euro-American strategies of development and innovation, and the revaluation of elements of traditional education. Taking as an example the programme, `Ecole du peuple', which aims to reorganise the educational system of the People's Republic of the Congo from pre-school to university, the difficulties of such an undertaking are investigated.

Quark fragmentation functions in NJL-jet model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bentz, Wolfgang; Matevosyan, Hrayr; Thomas, Anthony

2014-09-01

We report on our studies of quark fragmentation functions in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) - jet model. The results of Monte-Carlo simulations for the fragmentation functions to mesons and nucleons, as well as to pion and kaon pairs (dihadron fragmentation functions) are presented. The important role of intermediate vector meson resonances for those semi-inclusive deep inelastic production processes is emphasized. Our studies are very relevant for the extraction of transverse momentum dependent quark distribution functions from measured scattering cross sections. We report on our studies of quark fragmentation functions in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) - jet model. The results of Monte-Carlo simulations for the fragmentation functions to mesons and nucleons, as well as to pion and kaon pairs (dihadron fragmentation functions) are presented. The important role of intermediate vector meson resonances for those semi-inclusive deep inelastic production processes is emphasized. Our studies are very relevant for the extraction of transverse momentum dependent quark distribution functions from measured scattering cross sections. Supported by Grant in Aid for Scientific Research, Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Project No. 20168769.

Student Effort and Performance over the Semester

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Krohn, Gregory A.; O'Connor, Catherine M.

2005-01-01

The authors extend the standard education production function and student time allocation analysis to focus on the interactions between student effort and performance over the semester. The purged instrumental variable technique is used to obtain consistent estimators of the structural parameters of the model using data from intermediate…

Functionality of Cooperative Business Education in Development of Nigeria

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Okoli, Constance I.

2016-01-01

Cooperatives without doubt are seen as major players in the development process especially in developing countries; for the mobilization of citizens and building them into formidable groups for productive purposes. The ability of this organization to achieve objectives depends greatly on the public, its members, management and leadership, in…

Collegiate Grading Practices and the Gender Pay Gap.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dowd, Alicia C.

2000-01-01

Presents a theoretical analysis showing that relatively low grading quantitative fields and high grading verbal fields create a disincentive for college women to invest in quantitative study. Extends research by R. Sabot and J. Wakeman-Linn. Models pressures on grading practices using higher education production functions. (Author/SLD)

75 FR 47504 - Voluntary Education Programs

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-06

... in a material way the economy; a section of the economy; productivity; competition; jobs; the... Reform Act'' It has been certified that 32 CFR part 68 does not contain a Federal mandate that may result... successful job performance and new learning. Also referred to as functional or basic skills. Active Guard and...

Identification of Tasks in Home Economics Related Occupations: Food Service.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Iowa State Univ. of Science and Technology, Ames. Dept. of Home Economics Education.

The study was made to obtain curriculum development data for food service education programs below the baccalaureate level. Tasks related to the job functions of service, production, sanitation/safety, menu planning, procurement, supervision, and management were studied for five job categories of full-time personnel: middle-level service,…

Supply-Side Interventions and Student Learning in Guatemala

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vasquez, William F.

2012-01-01

This paper presents estimates of production functions of reading and mathematics test scores to assess the effects of supply-side interventions, such as the provision of a community-based school management programme, bilingual education and multigrade teaching, on student learning in Guatemala. The efficiency and consistency of the estimates is…

Developing Good Workers. Research Brief.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson, Robert M.

Developing the productive capacities of students is a valid function of schooling and is not in conflict or competition with other educational purposes, such as academic excellence. Employers and young workers in the San Francisco Bay area noted attributes that workers need for success in entry-level unskilled or junior professional jobs. These…

Dover AFB Catchment Area TRICARE Marketing Plan, 436th Medical Group, Dover AFB, Delaware,

DTIC Science & Technology

1997-06-01

cosmetic changes (Nadiu, Kleimenhagen, and Pillari 1992). Berkowitz classifies the debate in terms of eras. During the production era, the function was to...facilities in Smyrna and Fenton , Delaware. KGH has aggressive marketing and community education programs which include classes on: cardiopulmonary

OUR SOCIETY'S FUTURE--IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF EXTENSION PROGRAMS.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

GRIFFITH, WILLIAM S.

IN AN ADDRESS THE AUTHOR STATES THAT THE POPULATION EXPLOSION VERSUS WORLD FOOD PRODUCTION CAPACITY, TOGETHER WITH URBAN BLIGHT, POVERTY, AND FUNCTIONAL ILLITERACY, INCREASING COMPETITION FOR TRAINED MANPOWER, AND RELATED IMBALANCES IN AMERICAN EDUCATION CONSTITUTE MAJOR TRENDS AND ACUTE PROBLEMS IN TODAY'S SOCIETY. THE AUTHOR FEELS UNIVERSITIES…

Planning and Implementing Shared Teaching: An MBA Team-Teaching Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Helms, Marilyn M.; Alvis, John M.; Willis, Marilyn

2005-01-01

Team teaching is a popular trend in business education. In an attempt to integrate seemingly disparate functional disciplines, a number of business programs have combined courses. Regardless of the courses combined (marketing and finance, management and accounting, economics and strategy, or production and cost accounting), the teaching pedagogy…

Allied restorative functions training in Minnesota: a case study.

PubMed

Cooper, Brigette R; Monson, Angela L

2007-03-01

In 2003, the Minnesota Dental Practice Act was modified to allow dental hygienists and assistants to place amalgam, composite, glass ionomer, and stainless steel crowns. The concept of utilizing allied professionals to perform expanded functions has been suggested as a way to increase access to care and productivity. A continuing education course was offered to provide required certification for interested dental practitioners (N=12). The objectives of this study were to examine confidence levels and effectiveness of the continuing education program. Pre- and post-course restorative content knowledge, along with confidence levels in knowledge, technical skills, and the ability to implement skills were measured. A matched pairs t-test found a significant increase in participants' restorative content knowledge (p<.001). Wilcoxen signed rank tests revealed an increase in confidence in all content knowledge (p<.01) and technical skill (p<.05) categories. Participants did not significantly increase in confidence to implement restorative functions skills into practice (p<.7). Interview data revealed that participants remain unclear about ways to incorporate restorative functions into the schedule. Findings in this case study suggest that content knowledge and confidence levels increase following completion of a restorative functions course. To improve education and training, research is needed to identify why participants' confidence in implementation did not increase.

Recent Progress and Development of Crystal Structure Analysis of Enzymes and Other Proteins

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tanokura, Masaru; Nagata, Koji; Miyazono, Ken-Ichi; Miyakawa, Takuya; Okai, Masahiko

Structural biology has made tremendous progress in this decade. Here we briefly introduce the Target Proteins Research Program, a national project promoted by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan. The program aims to reveal the structure and function of proteins that are of great importance in both academic research and industrial application. We also summarize the results of structure-function analyses of (i) transcriptional regulatory proteins useful for the breading of drought and heat stress tolerant crops, (ii) useful enzymes for the production of chiral compounds, and (iii) useful enzymes for the degradation of environmental pollution substances. These results can be utilized in various areas of industries, to enhance food production, to improve the efficiency of pharmaceutical compound production, and to promote the bioremediation of contaminated soil and water.

Sleep, health-related quality of life, and functional outcomes in adults with diabetes.

PubMed

Chasens, Eileen R; Sereika, Susan M; Burke, Lora E; Strollo, Patrick J; Korytkowski, Mary

2014-11-01

This study explored the association of sleep quality with physical and mental health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and functional outcomes in 116 participants with type 2 diabetes. The study is a secondary analysis of baseline data from a clinical trial that examined treatment of obstructive sleep apnea on physical activity and glucose control. Instruments included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Medical Outcomes Short-Form Physical Component and Mental Component Scores, and Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire. Higher physical HRQoL was significantly associated with better sleep quality and improved functional outcomes of increased activity and productivity. Higher mental HRQoL was associated with improved sleep quality and improved functional outcomes of increased activity, social interactions, vigilance, and productivity. Poor sleep quality was a predictor of decreased functional outcomes while controlling for age, race, education, BMI, marital status and physical and mental HRQoL. Poor sleep quality is associated with negative physical, mental, and functional outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Newtonian cell interactions shape natural killer cell education.

PubMed

Goodridge, Jodie P; Önfelt, Björn; Malmberg, Karl-Johan

2015-09-01

Newton's third law of motion states that for every action on a physical object there is an equal and opposite reaction. The dynamic change in functional potential of natural killer (NK) cells during education bears many features of such classical mechanics. Cumulative physical interactions between cells, under a constant influence of homeostatic drivers of differentiation, lead to a reactive spectrum that ultimately shapes the functionality of each NK cell. Inhibitory signaling from an array of self-specific receptors appear not only to suppress self-reactivity but also aid in the persistence of effector functions over time, thereby allowing the cell to gradually build up a functional potential. Conversely, the frequent non-cytolytic interactions between normal cells in the absence of such inhibitory signaling result in continuous stimulation of the cells and attenuation of effector function. Although an innate cell, the degree to which the fate of the NK cell is predetermined versus its ability to adapt to its own environment can be revealed through a Newtonian view of NK cell education, one which is both chronological and dynamic. As such, the development of NK cell functional diversity is the product of qualitatively different physical interactions with host cells, rather than simply the sum of their signals or an imprint based on intrinsically different transcriptional programs. © 2015 The Authors. Immunological Reviews Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

The Tri-Agency Climate Education (TrACE) Catalog: Promoting collaboration, effective practice, and a robust portfolio by sharing educational resources developed across NASA, NOAA & NSF climate education initiatives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McDougall, C.; Martin, A.; Givens, S. M.; Yue, S.; Wilson, C. E.; Karsten, J. L.

2012-12-01

The Tri-Agency Climate Education (TrACE) Catalog is an online, interactive, searchable and browsable web product driven by a database backend. TrACE was developed for and by the community of educators, scientists, and Federal agency representatives involved in a tri-agency collaboration for climate education. NASA, NOAA, and NSF are working together to strategically coordinate and support a portfolio of projects focused on climate literacy and education in formal and informal learning environments. The activities of the tri-agency collaboration, including annual meetings for principal investigators and the ongoing development of a nascent common evaluation framework, have created a strong national network for effectively engaging diverse audiences with the principles of climate literacy (see Eos Vol. 92, No. 24, 14 June 2011). TrACE is a tool for the climate education community that promotes the goals of the tri-agency collaboration to leverage existing resources, minimize duplicate efforts, and facilitate communication among this emergent community of scientists and educators. TrACE was born as "The Matrix," a product of the 2011 Second Annual NASA, NOAA and NSF Climate Change Education Principal Investigators Meeting (see McDougall, Wilson, Martin & Knippenberg, 2011, Abstract ED21B-0583 presented at 2011 Fall Meeting, AGU, San Francisco, CA.) Meeting attendees were asked to populate a pen-and-paper matrix with all of the activities or deliverables they had created or anticipated creating as part of their NOAA/NASA/NSF-funded project. During the 2012 Third Annual Tri-Agency PI Meeting, projects were given the opportunity to add and update their products and deliverables. In the intervening year, the dataset comprising the Matrix was converted to a MySQL database, with a standardized taxonomy and minimum criteria for inclusion, and further developed into the interactive TrACE Catalog. In the fall of 2012, the TrACE Catalog web product will be made publicly available. The catalog currently contains information about 204 educational products and resources, representing 81 federally funded projects, categorized by audience type (e.g., K-12 students, public, decision makers, scientists) and resource type (e.g., curriculum, electronic media & tools, exhibits). The web interface will allow for searching, sorting, and browsing of available educational resources by audience type, product type, funding agency, and geographical region. Using this tool, PIs working on similar efforts or in similar bioregions will be able to locate, learn from, and collaborate with each other. The dataset is also useful for visualizing and assessing the breadth and depth of the tri-agency portfolio. In this poster presentation, representatives from the three collaborating agencies will demonstrate the functionality of the TrACE Catalog and the dataset that drives it. We will invite others who are working on similar efforts to add their anticipated/existing products.

A study of consumers' perceptions and prediction of consumption patterns for generic health functional foods

PubMed Central

Kang, Nam E; Kim, Ju Hyeon; Lee, Yeon Kyoung; Lee, Hye Young

2011-01-01

The Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) revised the Health Functional Food Act in 2008 and extended the form of health functional foods to general food types. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate consumers' perceptions of the expanded form of health functional food and to predict consumption patterns. For this study, 1,006 male and female adults aged 19 years and older were selected nationwide by multi-stage stratified random sampling and were surveyed in 1:1 interviews. The questionnaire survey was conducted by Korea Gallup. The subjects consisted of 497 (49.4%) males and 509 (50.6%) females. About 57.9% of the subjects recognized the KFDA's permission procedures for health functional foods. Regarding the health functional foods that the subjects had consumed, red ginseng products were the highest (45.3%), followed by nutritional supplements (34.9%), ginseng products (27.9%), lactobacillus-containing products (21.0%), aloe products (20.3%), and Japanese apricot extract products (18.4%). Opinions on expanding the form of health functional foods to general food types scored 4.7 points on a 7-point scale, showing positive responses. In terms of the effects of medicine-type health functional foods versus generic health functional foods, the highest response was 'same effects if the same ingredients are contained' at a rate of 34.7%. For intake frequency by food type, the response of 'daily consistent intake' was 31.7% for capsules, tablets, and pills, and 21.7% for extracts. For general food types, 'daily consistent intake' was 44.5% for rice and 22.8% for beverages, which were higher rates than those for medicine types. From the above results, consumers had positive opinions of the expansion of health functional foods to generic forms but are not expected to maintain accurate intake frequencies or amounts. Thus, continuous promotion and education are needed for proper intake of generic health functional foods. PMID:21994526

Dimensions of novelty: a social representation approach to new foods.

PubMed

Bäckström, A; Pirttilä-Backman, A-M; Tuorila, H

2003-06-01

Social representations of new foods were examined with a total of 44 subjects in nine focus groups. Each group was homogenous, defined by age, gender and educational background. Halfway through the interview, commercial packages of functional, genetically modified, organic, nutritionally modified and ethnic foods were presented as visual stimuli for discussion. Thematic and content analyses of the interview data showed that five dichotomies characterized the social representation: trust/distrust, safe/unsafe, natural/artificial, pleasure/necessity, and past/present. Many metaphors were used, with functional products being associated metaphorically with, for example, medicine and genetically modified products being associated with death and terrorism. Chronological references focused on the development of cuisine. The perceived unsafety of new foods was an important argument for women but not for men. The difference between age groups was in relating the discussion to either present time (young subjects) or past time (older subjects). Level of education affected the content of argumentation. In the context of new foods, social representations are formed to cope with the feeling of strangeness evoked by the novelties. They also have a role in cultural acceptance of new products by making them familiar. Overall, the results reflect the development of a new common sense in which popularized scientific notions are anchored in the process of urbanization.

Alaska: 2002 Economic Census. Educational Services, Geographic Area Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

US Department of Commerce, 2005

2005-01-01

The economic census is the major source of facts about the structure and functioning of the nation's economy. It provides essential information for government, business, industry, and the general public. The economic census furnishes an important part of the framework for such composite measures as the gross domestic product estimates, input…

New Mexico: 2002 Economic Census. Educational Services, Geographic Area Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

US Department of Commerce, 2005

2005-01-01

The economic census is the major source of facts about the structure and functioning of the nation's economy. It provides essential information for government, business, industry, and the general public. The economic census furnishes an important part of the framework for such composite measures as the gross domestic product estimates,…

Faculty Engagement as a Function of Instructional Mode and Employment Status

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mandernach, B. Jean; Barclay, Justin; Huslig, Shanna; Jackson, Christina M.

2015-01-01

Work engagement is a positive, fulfilling, work-related state of mind that is characterized by vigor, dedication, and absorption. Employees reporting higher work engagement tend to be more satisfied, productive and show increased job longevity. As such, institutions benefit both financially and educationally--by having faculty who are engaged with…

Determinants of Grades in Maths for Students in Economics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cappellari, Lorenzo; Lucifora, Claudio; Pozzoli, Dario

2012-01-01

This paper investigates the determinants of grades achieved in maths by first-year students in economics. We use individual administrative data from 1993 to 2005 to fit an educational production function. Our main findings suggest that good secondary school achievements and the type of school attended are significantly associated with maths…

New Directions in Library and Information Science Education. Final Report. Volume 2.5: Database Producer Professional Competencies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Griffiths, Jose-Marie; And Others

This document contains validated activities and competencies needed by librarians working in a database producer organization. The activities and competencies are organized according to the functions which these librarians perform: acquisitions; thesaurus development and control; indexing/abstracting; and publications and product management.…

The Ideal State Postsecondary Data System: 15 Essential Characteristics and Required Functionality

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ewell, Peter; L'Orange, Hans

2009-01-01

A rapidly changing global economy, shifting demographics, and concerns about our ability to maintain a competitive workforce have focused national attention on the educational systems of America's states, highlighting their critical role in ensuring a productive and creative future for our country. As a result, Americas colleges and universities…

First in the Class? Age and the Education Production Function

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cascio, Elizabeth U.; Schanzenbach, Diane Whitmore

2016-01-01

We estimate the effects of relative age in kindergarten using data from an experiment where children of the same age were randomly assigned to different kindergarten classmates. We exploit the resulting experimental variation in relative age in conjunction with variation in expected kindergarten entry age based on birth date to account for…

The Censor, the Computer, and the Textbook

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zoeller, Geoffrey W., Jr.

2010-01-01

Education in a free society requires that students are provided with a provocative and thoughtful curriculum and learning materials that will prepare them to function as productive adult citizens in a diverse and changing world. Textbooks and curricular materials that engage the rising generation in the study of social ideas, problems, and issues…

An Estimation of Technical Efficiency for Florida Public Elementary Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Conroy, Stephen J.; Arguea, Nestor M.

2008-01-01

We use a frontier production function estimation technique to analyze whether elementary schools in Florida are operating at an efficient level and to explain any inefficiencies. A motivation for this analysis comes from recent state and federal level educational initiatives designed to improve school accountability and reduce class sizes. Results…

A College Administrator's Framework to Assess Compliance with Accreditation Mandates

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis†, Jerry M.; Rivera, John-Juan

2014-01-01

A framework to assess the impact of complying with college accreditation mandates is developed based on North's (1996) concepts of transaction costs, property rights, and institutions; Clayton's (1999) Systems Alignment Model; and the educational production function described by Hanushek (2007). The framework demonstrates how sought…

Educator Resource Center for NASA Langley Research Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bridgford, Todd; Koltun, Nick R.

2003-01-01

The goal of the ERCN is to provide expertise and facilities to help educators access and utilize science, mathematics, and technology instructional products aligned with national standards and appropriate state frameworks and based on NASA s unique mission and results. The NASA Langley s Office of Education has established the service area for this ERC to be the five states of Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia and West Virginia. This educational grant activity is associated with NASA s Mission to inspire the next generation of explorers.. .as only NASA can. The communication of NASA s knowledge is the prime role of this ERC. Functioning as a dissemination system of instructional materials and support for pre-college education programs we have met the NASA Education ERCN Program's goal. The following ERCN objectives have been accomplished: Demonstrate and facilitate the use of NASA educational products and technologies in print, video and web based formats. Examples include but are not limited to NASA approved Educator s Guides with Activities based on national standards for appropriate subjects and grade levels. We have demonstrated the use videotape series in analogue format and the new digital video instructional systems along with the use of NASA TV. The promotion of web page based resources such as the new NASA Portal web and the ability to download print resources is continuously facilitated in workshops. This objective has been completed by educator contacts that include on-site visits, phone requests, postal mail requests, e-mail requests, fax requests and workshops offered.

Returns and determinants of technical efficiency in small-scale Malabari goat production units in Kerala, India.

PubMed

Alex, Rani; Kunniyoor Cheemani, Raghavan; Thomas, Naicy

2013-11-01

A stochastic frontier production function was employed to measure technical efficiency and its determinants in smallholder Malabari goat production units in Kerala, India. Data were obtained from 100 goat farmers in northern Kerala, selected using multistage random sampling. The parameters of the stochastic frontier production function were estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Cost and return analysis showed that the major expenditure was feed and fodder, and veterinary expenses were secondary. The chief returns were the sale of live animals, milk and manure. Individual farm technical efficiency ranged from 0.34 to 0.97 with a mean of 0.88. The study found herd size (number of animal units) and centre (locality of farm) significantly affected technical efficiency, but sex of farmer, education, land size and family size did not. Technical efficiency decreased as herd size increased; half the units with five or more adult animals had technical efficiency below 60 %.

Estimating the Extreme Behaviors of Students Performance Using Quantile Regression--Evidences from Taiwan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chen, Sheng-Tung; Kuo, Hsiao-I.; Chen, Chi-Chung

2012-01-01

The two-stage least squares approach together with quantile regression analysis is adopted here to estimate the educational production function. Such a methodology is able to capture the extreme behaviors of the two tails of students' performance and the estimation outcomes have important policy implications. Our empirical study is applied to the…

Overview of Marketing and Distribution. The Wisconsin Guide to Local Curriculum Improvement in Industrial Education, K-12.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ritz, John M.

The intent of this field tested instructional package is to familiarize the student with the marketing and distribution element of industry and its function in the production of goods and services. Defining behavioral objectives, the course description offers a media guide, suggested classroom activities, and sample student evaluation forms as…

Examining Adolescent Student Photography and Related Processes to Inform Day Treatment School Curricula and Behavioral Interventions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gorbel, Jason E.

2017-01-01

Adolescent students with psychiatric disorders who are educated in day treatment school classrooms manifest cognitive limitations, maladaptive behaviors, and social functioning deficits that often lead to academic failure, impeding their productivity when they become adults and causing them to run afoul of the criminal justice system. Informed by…

Maintenance and Services. The Wisconsin Guide to Local Curriculum Improvement in Industrial Education, K-12.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burt, Thomas

The intent of this field tested instructional package is to familiarize the student with the maintenance and services elements of industry and their function in the production of goods and services. Defining behavioral objectives, the course description includes a media section, suggested classroom activities, and sample student evaluation forms,…

AR, HEA and AAS in Rural Development Projects--Benchmarking towards the Best Processes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Westermarck, Harri

In most countries, agricultural research (AR), institutions of higher education in agriculture (HEA), and agricultural advisory services (AAS) function as separate agencies. So far, in most countries, AR, HEA, and AAS have not had a common vision for rural development. In Finland, domination of agricultural production in Finland has led to a lack…

Efficiency of Finnish General Upper Secondary Schools: An Application of Stochastic Frontier Analysis with Panel Data

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kirjavainen, Tanja

2012-01-01

Different stochastic frontier models for panel data are used to estimate education production functions and the efficiency of Finnish general upper secondary schools. Grades in the matriculation examination are used as an output and explained with the comprehensive school grade point average, parental socio-economic background, school resources,…

Normal for an Asperger: Notions of the Meanings of Diagnoses among Adults with Asperger Syndrome

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosqvist, Hanna Bertilsdotter

2012-01-01

This study explores the production of a counterhegemonic discourse of "autistic normalcy" among adults with high-functioning autism by analyzing notions of diagnosis. The discourse analyses are based on material from ethnographic fieldwork in a Swedish educational setting. Study participants were 3 male and 9 female adults who had been…

Peer Effects and Human Capital Accumulation: the Externalities of ADD. NBER Working Paper No. 14354

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aizer, Anna

2008-01-01

Although recent work has shown that peers affect human capital accumulation, the mechanisms are not well understood. Knowing why high achieving peers matter, because of their innate ability, disciplined behavior or some other factor, has important implications for our understanding of the education production function and for how we organize…

An Empirical Analysis of Differences in GDP per Capita and the Role of Human Capital

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sfakianakis, George; Magoutas, Anastasios I.; Georgopoulos, Demosthenes

2010-01-01

Using a generalized production function approach and insights from empirical research on the determinants of growth, this paper assesses the relative importance of specific factors in explaining differences in the levels of per capita GDP. Emphasis is placed on education, physical capital accumulation, the share of the public sector in economic…

ePortfolio-Based Learning Environments: Recommendations for Effective Scaffolding of Reflective Thinking in Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roberts, Pauline; Maor, Dorit; Herrington, Jan

2016-01-01

In addition to providing a useful repository for learning products, ePortfolios provide enhanced opportunities for the development of advanced learning skills. It can be argued, however, that ePortfolios are not being implemented effectively towards fulfilling this important function. This paper presents an investigation of an ePortfolio…

What Is Communications. The Wisconsin Guide to Local Curriculum Improvement in Industrial Education, K-12.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ritz, John M.

The intent of this field tested instructional package is to acquaint the student with the elements of communications and how they function in the production of goods and services. Defining behavioral objectives, the course description includes a media guide, suggested classroom activities, and sample student evaluation forms, as well as the basic…

Practices of Assistive Technology Implementation and Facilitation: Experiences of Teachers of Students with Visual Impairments in Singapore

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wong, Meng Ee; Law, Janet S. P.

2016-01-01

Assistive technology is defined by the Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA) of 2004 as "any item, piece of equipment, or product system, whether acquired commercially off the shelf, modified, or customized, that is used to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities of a child with a disability"…

Gene Concepts in Higher Education Cell and Molecular Biology Textbooks

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Albuquerque, Pitombo Maiana; de Almeida, Ana Maria Rocha; El-Hani, Nino Charbel

2008-01-01

Despite being a landmark of 20th century biology, the "classical molecular gene concept," according to which a gene is a stretch of DNA encoding a functional product, which may be a single polypeptide or RNA molecule, has been recently challenged by a series of findings (e.g., split genes, alternative splicing, overlapping and nested…

Monitoring the Status of Educational Research and Development in the United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shapiro, Karen; And Others

This technical report is the companion volume to the 1975 Databook, the purpose of which was the compilation of available data series focused on the organization and functioning of the knowledge production and utilization (KPU) system. This technical report is intended to (1) provide more accurate data sources, (2) analyze existing data sources,…

Family members facilitating community re-integration and return to productivity following traumatic brain injury - motivations, roles and challenges.

PubMed

Gagnon, Alicia; Lin, Jenny; Stergiou-Kita, Mary

2016-01-01

This study explores the experiences of family members in supporting community re-integration and return to productive occupations of the traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivor in order to: (i) describe family members' supportive roles, (ii) determine challenges family members experience in supporting the TBI survivor; and (iii) identify supports that family members require to maintain and enhance their roles. This qualitative descriptive study involved 14 interviews with immediate family members of TBI survivors. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Family members expressed strong motivation and engaged in six key roles to support TBI survivors: researcher, case manager, advocate, coach, activities of daily living (ADL)/instrumental ADLs and emotional supporter. Personal and family stressors and challenges navigating the health care system were perceived as challenges in meeting demands of their supportive roles. Stigma also presented a barrier to successful community and vocational re-integration. Subsequently, family members desired more education related to the functional implications of TBI, to be connected to health care and community resources, and sought a greater family-centred care approach. Family members require on-going counseling and community supports to prevent burnout and allow for their continued engagement in their supportive roles. Further education on how to navigate the health care system, access community programs and rights to workplace accommodation is also warranted. Family members are strongly motivated to support survivors' return to productive occupation following a traumatic brain injury, but require counseling and community support to enable their on-going engagement and prevent burnout. Family members can be further empowered through the implementation of family-centred care. Family members requested further education on the long-term functional implications of TBI, how to navigate the health care system, how to access community programs and workers' rights to workplace accommodations.

Evaluation of the Trail Making Test and interval timing as measures of cognition in healthy adults: comparisons by age, education, and gender.

PubMed

Płotek, Włodzimierz; Łyskawa, Wojciech; Kluzik, Anna; Grześkowiak, Małgorzata; Podlewski, Roland; Żaba, Zbigniew; Drobnik, Leon

2014-02-03

Human cognitive functioning can be assessed using different methods of testing. Age, level of education, and gender may influence the results of cognitive tests. The well-known Trail Making Test (TMT), which is often used to measure the frontal lobe function, and the experimental test of Interval Timing (IT) were compared. The methods used in IT included reproduction of auditory and visual stimuli, with the subsequent production of the time intervals of 1-, 2-, 5-, and 7-seconds durations with no pattern. Subjects included 64 healthy adult volunteers aged 18-63 (33 women, 31 men). Comparisons were made based on age, education, and gender. TMT was performed quickly and was influenced by age, education, and gender. All reproduced visual and produced intervals were shortened and the reproduction of auditory stimuli was more complex. Age, education, and gender have more pronounced impact on the cognitive test than on the interval timing test. The reproduction of the short auditory stimuli was more accurate in comparison to other modalities used in the IT test. The interval timing, when compared to the TMT, offers an interesting possibility of testing. Further studies are necessary to confirm the initial observation.

Army Civil Affairs Functional Specialists: On the Verge of Extinction

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-22

the following six areas: rule of law, economic stability , infrastructure, governance, public health and welfare, and public education and information...as defined in table 1. Rule of Law Economic Stability Infrastructure Rule of law pertains to the fair, competent, and efficient application and... Economic stability pertains to the efficient management (for example, production, distribution, trade, and consumption) of resources, goods

First in the Class? Age and the Education Production Function. NBER Working Paper No. 13663

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cascio, Elizabeth; Schanzenbach, Diane Whitmore

2007-01-01

Older children outperform younger children in a school-entry cohort well into their school careers. The existing literature has provided little insight into the causes of this phenomenon, leaving open the possibility that school-entry age is zero-sum game, where relatively young students lose what relatively old students gain. In this paper, we…

Re-Examining the Role of Teacher Quality in the Educational Production Function. Working Paper 2007-03

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koedel, Cory; Betts, Julian R.

2007-01-01

This study uses administrative data linking students and teachers at the classroom level to estimate teacher value-added to student test scores. We find that variation in teacher quality is an important contributor to student achievement--more important than has been implied by previous work. This result is attributable, at least in part, to the…

Are Public Master's Institutions Cost Efficient? A Stochastic Frontier and Spatial Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Titus, Marvin A.; Vamosiu, Adriana; McClure, Kevin R.

2017-01-01

The current study examines costs, measured by educational and general (E&G) spending, and cost efficiency at 252 public master's institutions in the United States over a nine-year (2004-2012) period. We use a multi-product quadratic cost function and results from a random-effects model with a first-order autoregressive (AR1) disturbance term…

Postsecondary education and employment among youth with an autism spectrum disorder.

PubMed

Shattuck, Paul T; Narendorf, Sarah Carter; Cooper, Benjamin; Sterzing, Paul R; Wagner, Mary; Taylor, Julie Lounds

2012-06-01

We examined the prevalence and correlates of postsecondary education and employment among youth with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Data were from a nationally representative survey of parents, guardians, and young adults with an ASD. Participation in postsecondary employment, college, or vocational education and lack of participation in any of these activities were examined. Rates were compared with those of youth in 3 other eligibility categories: speech/language impairment, learning disability, and mental retardation. Logistic regression was used to examine correlates of each outcome. For youth with an ASD, 34.7% had attended college and 55.1% had held paid employment during the first 6 years after high school. More than 50% of youth who had left high school in the past 2 years had no participation in employment or education. Youth with an ASD had the lowest rates of participation in employment and the highest rates of no participation compared with youth in other disability categories. Higher income and higher functional ability were associated with higher adjusted odds of participation in postsecondary employment and education. Youth with an ASD have poor postsecondary employment and education outcomes, especially in the first 2 years after high school. Those from lower-income families and those with greater functional impairments are at heightened risk for poor outcomes. Further research is needed to understand how transition planning before high school exit can facilitate a better connection to productive postsecondary activities.

The impact of precancerous cervical lesions on functioning at work and work productivity.

PubMed

Lerner, Debra; Parsons, Susan K; Justicia-Linde, Faye; Chelmow, David; Chang, Hong; Rogers, William H; Greenhill, Annabel M; Perch, Katherine; Kruzikas, Denise

2010-09-01

To assess the work performance and productivity impact of human papillomavirus (HPV). A cross-sectional study compared 94 employed women with clinically significant HPV-related cervical lesions with 118 healthy controls. Data were collected by self-administered web-based questionnaire. At-work performance limitations and productivity loss (presenteeism) and absenteeism were measured. Univariate and multivariate case-control group and clinical subgroup differences were tested. Based on adjusted mean scores, the HPV group had significantly more at-work limitations and productivity loss than controls (P = 0.009), higher absence rates (P = 0.002), and significantly more productivity loss because of absences (P = 0.007). At-work limitations varied in association with martial status (P = 0.025); at-work productivity loss was associated with years of education (P = 0.039). HPV is costly for working women, their employers, and the economy.

Determinants of life expectancy in eastern mediterranean region: a health production function.

PubMed

Bayati, Mohsen; Akbarian, Reza; Kavosi, Zahra

2013-06-01

Determinants of health or health production function in health economics literature constitute noticeable issues in health promotion. This study aimed at estimating a health production function for East Mediterranean Region (EMR) based on the Grossman theoretical model. This ecological study was performed using the econometric methods. The panel data model was used in order to determine the relationship between life expectancy and socioeconomic factors. The data for 21 EMR countries between 1995 and 2007 were used. Fixed-effect-model was employed to estimate the parameters based on Hausman test. In estimating the health production function, factors such as income per capita (β=0.05, P<0.001), education index (β=0.07, P<0.001), food availability (β=0.01, P<0.001), level of urbanisation (β=0.10, P<0.001), and employment ratio (β=0.11, P<0.001) were specified as determinants of health status, proxied by life expectancy at birth. A notable result was the elasticity of life expectancy with respect to the employment rate and its significance level was different between males (β=0.13, P<0.001) and females (β=0.08, P>0.001). In order to improve the health status in EMR countries, health policymakers should focus on the factors which lie outside the healthcare system. These factors are mainly associated with economic growth and development level. Thus, the economic stabilisation policies with the aim of increasing the productivity, economic growth, and reducing unemployment play significant roles in the health status of the people of the region.

Influence of visual impairment and hearing impairment on functional dependence status among people in Taiwan-An evaluation using the WHODAS 2.0 score.

PubMed

Chang, Ko-Fang; Chang, Kwang-Hwa; Chi, Wen-Chou; Huang, Shih-Wei; Yen, Chia-Feng; Liao, Hua-Fang; Liou, Tsan-Hon; Chao, Pin-Zhir; Lin, I-Chan

2018-04-01

Visual impairment (VI) and hearing impairment (HI) are the two most common types of sensory disability encountered clinically. However, VI and HI result in different limitations in daily life. We assessed the level of functioning in patients with VI or HI based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. This nationwide, cross-sectional study included 312 people with VI and 540 people with HI. Each participant's degree of functioning and disability was evaluated using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0). The standardized WHODAS 2.0 scores ranged from 0 (least difficulty) to 100 (most difficulty). Patients with VI and those with HI had a mean (±standard error) 32-item WHODAS 2.0 score of 42.4 ± 2.9 and 27.1 ± 1.6, respectively. The degree of restriction was positively related to the level of VI. Specifically, the patients with VI and a WHODAS 2.0 score of 33.7-35.3 or higher were likely to experience barriers to accessing mobility products, communication products, and education products. Furthermore, patients with a score of 42.9 or higher might experience barriers to accessing ingestion products and living products. WHODAS 2.0 scores are strongly correlated with the severity of VI. Mild VI should be targeted for treatment and referral as early as possible. Compared with the patients with HI, the patients with VI more frequently experience barriers to accessing environmental factors. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.

Productivity losses in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a population-based survey.

PubMed

Erdal, Marta; Johannessen, Ane; Askildsen, Jan Erik; Eagan, Tomas; Gulsvik, Amund; Grønseth, Rune

2014-01-01

We aimed to estimate incremental productivity losses (sick leave and disability) of spirometry-defined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a population-based sample and in hospital-recruited patients with COPD. Furthermore, we examined predictors of productivity losses by multivariate analyses. We performed four quarterly telephone interviews of 53 and 107 population-based patients with COPD and controls, as well as 102 hospital-recruited patients with COPD below retirement age. Information was gathered regarding annual productivity loss, exacerbations of respiratory symptoms and comorbidities. Incremental productivity losses were estimated by multivariate quantile median regression according to the human capital approach, adjusting for sex, age, smoking habits, education and lung function. Main effect variables were COPD/control status, number of comorbidities and exacerbations of respiratory symptoms. Altogether 55%, 87% and 31% of population-based COPD cases, controls and hospital patients, respectively, had a paid job at baseline. The annual incremental productivity losses were 5.8 (95% CI 1.4 to 10.1) and 330.6 (95% CI 327.8 to 333.3) days, comparing population-recruited and hospital-recruited patients with COPD to controls, respectively. There were significantly higher productivity losses associated with female sex and less education. Additional adjustments for comorbidities, exacerbations and FEV1% predicted explained all productivity losses in the population-based sample, as well as nearly 40% of the productivity losses in hospital-recruited patients. Annual incremental productivity losses were more than 50 times higher in hospital-recruited patients with COPD than that of population-recruited patients with COPD. To ensure a precise estimation of societal burden, studies on patients with COPD should be population-based.

The Multifaceted Returns to Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Workforce Economic Trends, 1998

1998-01-01

Trends in economics in the United States show a strong positive relationship between educational attainment and productivity growth. The earnings differential between those with more education and those with less education reflects the fact that education raises productivity rather than the fact that more productive students go on to pursue more…

Marketing Functional Foods: What Have We Learned? An Examination of the Metamucil, Benefit, and Heartwise Introductions as Cholesterol-Reducing Ready-to-Eat Cereals.

PubMed

Childs, N M

1999-01-01

Health claims, U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulatory actions, and marketing practices are examined in the environment precipitating the introduction of the Nutrition and Labeling Education Act (NLEA) in 1990. The introduction of three psyllium-based products in 1989 and 1990, Procter & Gamble's Metamucil wafers, General Mills' Benefit cereal, and Kellogg's Heartwise cereal, are examined for their use of health claims and marketing tactics in a changing regulatory environment. Inconsistent approval of psyllium-based health claims for drug and food products created a confusing environment in the pre- and early post-NLEA era. This was exacerbated by marketing issues regarding consumer communication and product positioning. Suggestions for marketing products with health positionings in the new NLEA environment are proposed.

Report of the National Workshop on the Preparation of Literacy Follow-Up Materials in Malaysia (Penang, Malaysia, December 9-19, 1990).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Asian Cultural Centre for UNESCO, Tokyo (Japan).

The main objective of this workshop in Malaysia was to provide training experience to key personnel involved in functional literacy and non-formal education for youth and adults in the development, production, utilization, and adaptation of literacy materials for the use of this group. The first of three sections summarizes the proceedings of the…

Survey on Effects of Fairy Tales on Turkish Language Training from Secondary School Students' Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kiliç, Yasin

2015-01-01

Fairy tale is one of the most important genres in literature which reflects childish sensitivity, feeds child's soul, enriches his/her imagination and prepares him/her for the future. Emerging as product of oral literature, fairy tales were used as an instrument of training in the past and they still have the same function today. Educators think…

Modeling the User for Education, Training, and Performance Aiding

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-04-01

It is a fact both obvious and frequently neglected that human competence, which is a product of human cognition, is essential to every military...approach has been called an instructional imperative and an economic impossibility. It would be maximally effective but remains unaffordable because...based on reflection) all producing different perceptual, memory, and motor functions. ( Sloman , 2001; 2003) (http://www.cs.b ham.ac.uk/~axs

Do Differences in School's Instruction Time Explain International Achievement Gaps in Math, Science, and Reading? Evidence from Developed and Developing Countries. NBER Working Paper No. 16227

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lavy, Victor

2010-01-01

There are large differences across countries in instructional time in schooling institutions. Can these differences explain some of the differences across countries in pupils' achievements in different subjects? While research in recent years provides convincing evidence about the effect of several inputs in the education production function,…

Hemodynamics of speech production: An fNIRS investigation of children who stutter.

PubMed

Walsh, B; Tian, F; Tourville, J A; Yücel, M A; Kuczek, T; Bostian, A J

2017-06-22

Stuttering affects nearly 1% of the population worldwide and often has life-altering negative consequences, including poorer mental health and emotional well-being, and reduced educational and employment achievements. Over two decades of neuroimaging research reveals clear anatomical and physiological differences in the speech neural networks of adults who stutter. However, there have been few neurophysiological investigations of speech production in children who stutter. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), we examined hemodynamic responses over neural regions integral to fluent speech production including inferior frontal gyrus, premotor cortex, and superior temporal gyrus during a picture description task. Thirty-two children (16 stuttering and 16 controls) aged 7-11 years participated in the study. We found distinctly different speech-related hemodynamic responses in the group of children who stutter compared to the control group. Whereas controls showed significant activation over left dorsal inferior frontal gyrus and left premotor cortex, children who stutter exhibited deactivation over these left hemisphere regions. This investigation of neural activation during natural, connected speech production in children who stutter demonstrates that in childhood stuttering, atypical functional organization for speech production is present and suggests promise for the use of fNIRS during natural speech production in future research with typical and atypical child populations.

Changing societies and four tasks of schooling: Challenges for strongly differentiated educational systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

van de Werfhorst, Herman G.

2014-05-01

Changing labour markets, increased calls for selection and excellence, and increased diversity and individualisation have repercussions on how educational systems can prepare youth for work, optimise knowledge production, achieve equality of opportunity, and socialise students into active civic engagement. This paper discusses four central tasks of schooling and examines to what extent societal developments challenge education policy to deliver on the tasks at hand. Particular attention is given to the challenges Europe's strongly diversified educational systems are currently facing. Both the Netherlands and Germany, for example, have been offering vocationally-oriented pathways alongside traditional academic higher education for some time. But today's ongoing changes in job descriptions, mainly due to ever-accelerating technological developments, are causing a risk of skills obsolescence which can only be avoided by continuous upskilling and/or reskilling of a sufficiently flexible workforce. Overcoming differences of intelligence as well as differences of diverse socioeconomic, ethnic and linguistic backgrounds by way of education is another challenge, as is fostering "soft" skills and political awareness. This paper investigates the effectiveness of current education systems in preparing citizens for a functioning modern society.

Impact of environmental production conditions on productivity and efficiency: a case study of wheat farmers in Bangladesh.

PubMed

Rahman, Sanzidur; Hasan, M Kamrul

2008-09-01

Environmental conditions significantly affect production, but are often ignored in studies analysing productivity and efficiency leading to biased results. In this study, we examine the influence of selected environmental factors on productivity and efficiency in wheat farming in Bangladesh. Results reveal that environmental production conditions significantly affect the parameters of the production function and technical efficiency, as well as correlates of inefficiency. Controlling for environmental production conditions improves technical efficiency by 4 points (p<0.01) from 86% to 90%. Large farms are more efficient relative to small and medium sized farms (p<0.01 and 0.05), with no variation among regions. Policy implications include soil fertility improvement through soil conservation and crop rotation, improvement in managerial practices through extension services and adoption of modern technologies, promotion of education, strengthening the research-extension link, and development of new varieties that have higher yield potential and are also suitable for marginal areas.

Language processing and executive functions in early treated adults with phenylketonuria (PKU).

PubMed

De Felice, Sara; Romani, Cristina; Geberhiwot, Tarekegn; MacDonald, Anita; Palermo, Liana

We provide an in-depth analysis of language functions in early-treated adults with phenylketonuria (AwPKUs, N = 15-33), as compared to age- and education-matched controls (N = 24-32; N varying across tasks), through: a. narrative production (the Cinderella story), b. language pragmatics comprehension (humour, metaphors, inferred meaning), c. prosody discrimination d. lexical inhibitory control and planning (Blocked Cyclic Naming; Hayling Sentence Completion Test, Burgess & Shallice, 1997). AwPKUs exhibited intact basic language processing (lexical retrieval, phonology/articulation, sentence construction). Instead, deficits emerged in planning and reasoning abilities. Compared to controls, AwPKUs were: less informative in narrative production (lower rate of Correct Information Units); slower in metaphorical understanding and inferred meaning; less accurate in focused lexical-search (Hayling test). These results suggest that i) executive deficits in PKU cannot be explained by an accumulation of lower-order deficits and/or general speed impairments, ii) executive functions engage dedicated neurophysiological resources, rather than simply being an emergent property of lower-level systems.

Education and training in the MEDICOM system.

PubMed

Marinos, G; Palamas, S; Vlachos, I; Panou-Diamandi, O; Kalivas, D; Koutsouris, D

2000-01-01

MEDICOM system is a world wide telematics application for electronic commerce of medical devices. It has been designed so as to provide the health care professionals with a central Internet access to up-to-date information about medical equipment from multiple manufacturers, in a particular easy and friendly way. Moreover, the Medicom system will serve the health care professionals' requirements for high-quality information about specific products in a form of multimedia presentations and that of a secure communication channel with the community of manufacturers, especially for post marketing surveillance. The system will provide the medical staff (physicians and technicians) with demonstrations of the operation procedures and the functioning of high-tech equipment in a form of virtual models. Moreover, through the medicom system the end users of medical devices can have access to on line libraries and participate in special newsgroups. This paper discusses the architectural structure of the MEDICOM system with emphasis to its educational and training functionality.

Productivity as an Indication of Quality in Higher Education: The Views of Employed Graduates in Greece

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eliophotou Menon, Maria

2016-01-01

The paper investigates the views of Greek university graduates on the link between higher education and productivity in order to determine the extent to which productivity can be considered to be an indication of quality in higher education. It also investigates the perceived effect of the type and content of higher education on productivity;…

The Causal Effect of Education on Health: What is the Role of Health Behaviors?

PubMed

Brunello, Giorgio; Fort, Margherita; Schneeweis, Nicole; Winter-Ebmer, Rudolf

2016-03-01

We investigate the causal effect of education on health and the part of it that is attributable to health behaviors by distinguishing between short-run and long-run mediating effects: whereas, in the former, only behaviors in the immediate past are taken into account, in the latter, we consider the entire history of behaviors. We use two identification strategies: instrumental variables based on compulsory schooling reforms and a combined aggregation, differencing, and selection on an observables technique to address the endogeneity of both education and behaviors in the health production function. Using panel data for European countries, we find that education has a protective effect for European men and women aged 50+. We find that the mediating effects of health behaviors-measured by smoking, drinking, exercising, and the body mass index-account in the short run for around a quarter and in the long run for around a third of the entire effect of education on health. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Postsecondary Education and Employment Among Youth With an Autism Spectrum Disorder

PubMed Central

Narendorf, Sarah Carter; Cooper, Benjamin; Sterzing, Paul R.; Wagner, Mary; Taylor, Julie Lounds

2012-01-01

OBJECTIVES: We examined the prevalence and correlates of postsecondary education and employment among youth with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS: Data were from a nationally representative survey of parents, guardians, and young adults with an ASD. Participation in postsecondary employment, college, or vocational education and lack of participation in any of these activities were examined. Rates were compared with those of youth in 3 other eligibility categories: speech/language impairment, learning disability, and mental retardation. Logistic regression was used to examine correlates of each outcome. RESULTS: For youth with an ASD, 34.7% had attended college and 55.1% had held paid employment during the first 6 years after high school. More than 50% of youth who had left high school in the past 2 years had no participation in employment or education. Youth with an ASD had the lowest rates of participation in employment and the highest rates of no participation compared with youth in other disability categories. Higher income and higher functional ability were associated with higher adjusted odds of participation in postsecondary employment and education. CONCLUSIONS: Youth with an ASD have poor postsecondary employment and education outcomes, especially in the first 2 years after high school. Those from lower-income families and those with greater functional impairments are at heightened risk for poor outcomes. Further research is needed to understand how transition planning before high school exit can facilitate a better connection to productive postsecondary activities. PMID:22585766

7 CFR 1150.153 - Qualified dairy product promotion, research or nutrition education programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... nutrition education programs. 1150.153 Section 1150.153 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of... Qualified dairy product promotion, research or nutrition education programs. (a) Any producer organization that conducts a State or regional dairy product promotion, research or nutrition education program...

7 CFR 1150.153 - Qualified dairy product promotion, research or nutrition education programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... nutrition education programs. 1150.153 Section 1150.153 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of... Qualified dairy product promotion, research or nutrition education programs. (a) Any producer organization that conducts a State or regional dairy product promotion, research or nutrition education program...

7 CFR 1150.153 - Qualified dairy product promotion, research or nutrition education programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... nutrition education programs. 1150.153 Section 1150.153 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of... Qualified dairy product promotion, research or nutrition education programs. (a) Any producer organization that conducts a State or regional dairy product promotion, research or nutrition education program...

25 CFR 33.6 - Agency education functions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Agency education functions. 33.6 Section 33.6 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION TRANSFER OF INDIAN EDUCATION FUNCTIONS § 33.6 Agency education functions. A Bureau Agency Superintendent for Education shall perform those...

25 CFR 33.6 - Agency education functions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Agency education functions. 33.6 Section 33.6 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION TRANSFER OF INDIAN EDUCATION FUNCTIONS § 33.6 Agency education functions. A Bureau Agency Superintendent for Education shall perform those...

25 CFR 33.6 - Agency education functions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2012-04-01 2011-04-01 true Agency education functions. 33.6 Section 33.6 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION TRANSFER OF INDIAN EDUCATION FUNCTIONS § 33.6 Agency education functions. A Bureau Agency Superintendent for Education shall perform those...

25 CFR 33.6 - Agency education functions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Agency education functions. 33.6 Section 33.6 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION TRANSFER OF INDIAN EDUCATION FUNCTIONS § 33.6 Agency education functions. A Bureau Agency Superintendent for Education shall perform those...

25 CFR 33.6 - Agency education functions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Agency education functions. 33.6 Section 33.6 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION TRANSFER OF INDIAN EDUCATION FUNCTIONS § 33.6 Agency education functions. A Bureau Agency Superintendent for Education shall perform those...

The Contribution of Education to Productivity: The Need for New Research and Possible NIE Roles in This Research.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dean, Ed

Recent research leaves unsettled the role of education in the recent fall of productivity growth. Part of this dilemma is due to two major methodological problems in the estimation of education's contribution to productivity growth: the methods for deriving weights for returns to education, and the interaction among education and other factors…

25 CFR 33.5 - Area education functions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Area education functions. 33.5 Section 33.5 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION TRANSFER OF INDIAN EDUCATION FUNCTIONS § 33.5 Area education functions. A Bureau Area Education Programs Director shall perform those Bureau...

25 CFR 33.5 - Area education functions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2012-04-01 2011-04-01 true Area education functions. 33.5 Section 33.5 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION TRANSFER OF INDIAN EDUCATION FUNCTIONS § 33.5 Area education functions. A Bureau Area Education Programs Director shall perform those Bureau of...

25 CFR 33.5 - Area education functions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Area education functions. 33.5 Section 33.5 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION TRANSFER OF INDIAN EDUCATION FUNCTIONS § 33.5 Area education functions. A Bureau Area Education Programs Director shall perform those Bureau...

25 CFR 33.5 - Area education functions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Area education functions. 33.5 Section 33.5 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION TRANSFER OF INDIAN EDUCATION FUNCTIONS § 33.5 Area education functions. A Bureau Area Education Programs Director shall perform those Bureau...

25 CFR 33.5 - Area education functions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Area education functions. 33.5 Section 33.5 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION TRANSFER OF INDIAN EDUCATION FUNCTIONS § 33.5 Area education functions. A Bureau Area Education Programs Director shall perform those Bureau...

A Psychological Theory of Educational Productivity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walberg, Herbert J.

To solve problems of causality and measurement in educational research, this paper combines seven variables into a proposed model of educational productivity on achievement tests. The authors first review psychological models of educational production that relate learning to aptitude and environment, and note that these models do not allow for…

Structural and Functional Model of Training Future Masters of Vocational Training for the Organization of Teaching and the Production Process in Terms of Networking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dorozhkin, Evgenij M.; Tarasyuk, Olga V.; Lyzhin, Anton I.; Krotova, Olga P.; Sherstneva, Natalia L.

2016-01-01

The urgency of the problem under investigation is due to the fact that, in accordance with the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" concentrated system of training of working professions, in which the most important specialist in the formation of the qualification is a master of industrial training as the last and only…

TAIGA: Twente Advanced Interactive Graphic Authoring System. A New Concept in Computer Assisted Learning (CAL) and Educational Research. Doc 88-18.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pilot, A.

TAIGA (Twente Advanced Interactive Graphic Authoring system) is a system which can be used to develop instructional software. It is written in MS-PASCAL, and runs on computers that support MS-DOS. Designed to support the production of structured software, TAIGA has a hierarchical structure of three layers, each with a specific function, and each…

The relationship between organizational trust and nurse administrators’ productivity in hospitals

PubMed Central

Bahrami, Susan; Hasanpour, Marzieh; Rajaeepour, Saeed; Aghahosseni, Taghi; Hodhodineghad, Nilofar

2012-01-01

Context: Management of health care organizations based on employee’s mutual trust will increase the improvement in functions and tasks. Aims: The present study was performed to investigate the relationship between organizational trust and the nurse administrators’ productivity in educational health centers of in Health-Education Centers of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Settings and Design: This research was a descriptive and correlational study. Materials and Methods: The population included all nurse administrators. In this research, 165 nurses were selected through random sampling method. Data collection instruments were organizational trust questionnaire based on Robbins’s model and productivity questionnaire based on Hersy and Blanchard’s model. Validity of these questionnaires was determined through content validity and their reliability was calculated through Cranach’s alpha. Statistical analysis was used: The data analysis was done using the SPSS (18) statistical software. Results: The indicators of organizational trust such as loyalty, competence, honesty, and stability were more than average level but explicitness indicator was at average level. The components of productivity such as ability, job knowledge, environmental compatibility, performance feedback, and validity were more than average level but motivation factor was at average level and organizational support was less than average level. There were a significant multiple correlations between organizational trust and productivity. Beta coefficients among organizational trust and productivity were significant and no autocorrelation existed and regression model was significant. Conclusions: Committed employees, timely performing the tasks and developing the sense of responsibility among employees can enhance production and productivity in the health care organizations. PMID:23922588

The Academic RVU: Ten Years Developing a Metric for and Financially Incenting Academic Productivity at Oregon Health & Science University.

PubMed

Ma, O John; Hedges, Jerris R; Newgard, Craig D

2017-08-01

Established metrics reward academic faculty for clinical productivity. Few data have analyzed a bonus model to measure and reward academic productivity. This study's objective was to describe development and use of a departmental academic bonus system for incenting faculty scholarly and educational productivity. This cross-sectional study analyzed a departmental bonus system among emergency medicine academic faculty at Oregon Health & Science University, including growth from 2005 to 2015. All faculty members with a primary appointment were eligible for participation. Each activity was awarded points based on a predetermined education or scholarly point scale. Faculty members accumulated points based on their activity (numerator), and the cumulative points of all faculty were the denominator. Variables were individual faculty member (deidentified), academic year, bonus system points, bonus amounts awarded, and measures of academic productivity. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including measures of variance. The total annual financial bonus pool ranged from $211,622 to $274,706. The median annual per faculty academic bonus remained fairly constant over time ($3,980 in 2005-2006 vs. $4,293 in 2014-2015), with most change at the upper quartile of academic bonus (max bonus $16,920 in 2005-2006 vs. $39,207 in 2014-2015). Bonuses rose linearly among faculty in the bottom three quartiles of academic productivity, but increased exponentially in the 75th to 100th percentile. Faculty academic productivity can be measured and financially rewarded according to an objective academic bonus system. The "academic point" used to measure productivity functions as an "academic relative value unit."

The Basis of Structure/Function Claims of Nutraceuticals.

PubMed

Borchers, Andrea T; Keen, Carl L; Gershwin, M Eric

2016-12-01

In the United States, as in most of the world, there are large numbers of nutraceuticals that are sold and which people take to boost their immune response. There are, in addition, almost an equal number of products sold to reduce allergies. However, very few consumers, and indeed physicians, are aware of what a structure/function claim is. Structure/function claims are labeling claims that can be used to describe the potential effects of a dietary ingredient or similar substance on the structure or function of the human body. This category of claims was created by legislation contained in the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act. The intent was to supply consumers with reasonably substantiated information that would allow them to make educated choices about their diet and health. They were not intended to have the same weight and substantiation as the claims made for conventional prescription pharmaceuticals. Rather, they were proposed to fill the gap between consumer desire for over-the-counter supplements and foods, and rigorous and generally more potent and potentially "toxic" prescription medications. The legally mandated disclaimer, stating that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has not evaluated the structure/function claim, often leads to misinterpretation. While there should be a biologic premise underlying the claim, there is not an absolute requirement for a conventional rigorous placebo-controlled dose response trial. While this may not be the clinical standard that a typical scientific oriented society might desire, it reflects the attempts of the FDA to find common grounds and to allow consumers to use products that are generally considered as safe based on historical use and biologic comparisons. The logic of, indeed need for, structure/function claims is straightforward; however, of equal importance is that nutraceuticals should be properly labeled, have accuracy in their ingredients, be free of contamination, be safe, and have a reasonable body of data that supports their efficacy.

New Pedagogical Approaches to Improve Production of Materials in Distance Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mena, Marta

1992-01-01

Analyzes problems involved in the production of instructional materials for distance education and offers new pedagogical approaches to improve production of materials for distance education. Discusses past, present, and future methods used to design instructional materials, proposes models to aid in the production of instructional materials, and…

Addressing the Declining Productivity of Higher Education Using Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. Stretching the Higher Education Dollar. Special Report 2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harris, Douglas N.

2013-01-01

Higher education productivity, as measured by academic degrees granted by American colleges and universities, is declining. Since the early 1990s, real expenditures on higher education have grown by more than 25 percent, now amounting to 2.9 percent of US gross domestic product (GDP)--greater than the percentage of GDP spent on higher education in…

Individual and Institutional Productivity in Educational Psychology Journals from 2009 to 2014

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greenbaum, Hannah; Meyer, Lisa; Smith, M. Cecil; Barber, Amanda; Henderson, Heather; Riel, David; Robinson, Daniel H.

2016-01-01

This article examines the productivity of both individuals and institutions, indexed through an examination of five educational psychology journals ("Cognition and Instruction," "Contemporary Educational Psychology," "Educational Psychologist," "Educational Psychology Review," and "Journal of…

Resource Allocation and Productivity in Education: Theory and Practice. Contributions to the Study of Education, Number 71.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hartman, William T., Ed.; Boyd, William Lowe, Ed.

This book analyzes microlevel resource-allocation practices from a variety of levels within the educational system: the school board, district administration, building level, and classroom. Chapters include: "Productive Schools from a Policy Perspective: Desiderata, Designs, and Dilemmas" (W. L. Boyd); "The Politics of Educational Productivity"…

Productivity in Educational Psychology Journals from 2003 to 2008

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Sara J.; Fong, Carlton J.; Torres, Laura G.; Yoo, Julia H.; Decker, Mark Lowry; Robinson, Daniel H.

2010-01-01

Productivity of individuals and institutions in educational psychology journals has been previously examined in three separate studies (Hsieh et al. [Hsieh, P., Acee, T., Chung, W., Hsieh, Y., Kim, H., Thomas, G. D., et al. (2004). An alternate look at educational psychologist's productivity from 1991 to 2002. "Contemporary Educational Psychology,…

Geoscience Education Research: The Role of Collaborations with Education Researchers and Cognitive Scientists

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Manduca, C. A.; Mogk, D. W.; Kastens, K. A.; Tikoff, B.; Shipley, T. F.; Ormand, C. J.; Mcconnell, D. A.

2011-12-01

Geoscience Education Research aims to improve geoscience teaching and learning by understanding clearly the characteristics of geoscience expertise, the path from novice to expert, and the educational practices that can speed students along this path. In addition to expertise in geoscience and education, this research requires an understanding of learning -the domain of cognitive scientists. Beginning in 2002, a series of workshops and events focused on bringing together geoscientists, education researchers, and cognitive scientists to facilitate productive geoscience education research collaborations. These activities produced reports, papers, books, websites and a blog developing a research agenda for geoscience education research at a variety of scales: articulating the nature of geoscience expertise, and the overall importance of observation and a systems approach; focusing attention on geologic time, spatial skills, field work, and complex systems; and identifying key research questions in areas where new technology is changing methods in geoscience research and education. Cognitive scientists and education researchers played critical roles in developing this agenda. Where geoscientists ask questions that spring from their rich understanding of the discipline, cognitive scientists and education researchers ask questions from their experience with teaching and learning in a wide variety of disciplines and settings. These interactions tend to crystallize the questions of highest importance in addressing challenges of geoscience learning and to identify productive targets for collaborative research. Further, they serve as effective mechanisms for bringing research techniques and results from other fields into geoscience education. Working productively at the intersection of these fields requires teams of cognitive scientists, geoscientists, and education reserachers who share enough knowledge of all three domains to have a common articulation of the research problem, to make collaborative decisions, and to collectively problem solve. The development of this shared understanding is a primary result of the past decade of work. It has been developed through geoscience hosted events like the On the Cutting Edge emerging theme workshops and the Synthesis of Research on Thinking and Learning in the Geosciences project, complementary events in cognitive science and education that include geoscientists like the Gordon Conferences on Visualization in Science & Education or the Spatial Cognition conference series, and the interactions within and among geoscience education research projects like the Spatial Intelligence and Learning Center, the GARNET project, and many others. With this common ground in place, effective collaborations that bring together deep knowledge of psychology and brain function, of educational design and testing, and of time tested learning goals, teaching methods, and measures of success can flourish. A strong and accelerating research field has emerged that spans from work on basic cognitive skills important in geoscience, to studies of specific teaching strategies.

Normal for an Asperger: notions of the meanings of diagnoses among adults with Asperger syndrome.

PubMed

Bertilsdotter Rosqvist, Hanna

2012-04-01

This study explores the production of a counterhegemonic discourse of "autistic normalcy" among adults with high-functioning autism by analyzing notions of diagnosis. The discourse analyses are based on material from ethnographic fieldwork in a Swedish educational setting. Study participants were 3 male and 9 female adults who had been diagnosed with Asperger syndrome. The notion of diagnosis comprises issues concerning coming out and knowledge production. The findings capture an ongoing reformulation process among people involved in the autistic self-advocacy movement when it comes to the meanings of Asperger syndrome and what it means to be a person with Asperger syndrome.

Potential Roles of Vocational Education in Improving the Productivity of the Workforce.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Illinois Univ., Urbana. Coll. of Education.

This monograph is a report on the impact vocational education can have on improving worker productivity. Specifically, the monograph presents a discussion of the relationship between vocational education and productivity and identifies potential areas of impact. The first chapter discusses the concept of productivity and its relationship to…

Functional diversity of home gardens and their agrobiodiversity conservation benefits in Benin, West Africa.

PubMed

Gbedomon, Rodrigue Castro; Salako, Valère Kolawolé; Fandohan, Adandé Belarmain; Idohou, Alix Frank Rodrigue; Glèlè Kakaї, Romain; Assogbadjo, Achille Ephrem

2017-11-25

Understanding the functional diversity of home gardens and their socio-ecological determinants is essential for mainstreaming these agroforestry practices into agrobiodiversity conservation strategies. This paper analyzed functional diversity of home gardens, identified the socio-ecological drivers of functions assigned to them, and assessed the agrobiodiversity benefits of home gardens functions. Using data on occurring species in home garden (HG) and functions assigned to each species by the gardeners, the study combined clustering and discriminant canonical analyses to explore the functional diversity of 360 home gardens in Benin, West Africa. Next, multinomial logistic models and chi-square tests were used to analyze the effect of socio-demographic characteristics of gardeners (age, gender, and education level), agro-ecological zones (humid, sub-humid, and semi-arid), and management regime (single and multiple managers) on the possession of a functional type of home gardens. Generalized linear models were used to assess the effect of the functions of home gardens and the determinant factor on their potential in conserving agrobiodiversity. Seven functional groups of home gardens, four with specific functions (food, medicinal, or both food and medicinal) and three with multiple functions (more than two main functions), were found. Women owned most of home gardens with primarily food plant production purpose while men owned most of home gardens with primarily medicinal plant production purposes. Finding also showed that multifunctional home gardens had higher plant species diversity. Specifically, crops and crop wild relatives occurred mainly in home gardens with food function while wild plant species were mostly found in home gardens with mainly medicinal function. Home gardening is driven by functions beyond food production. These functions are mostly related to direct and extractive values of home gardens. Functions of home gardens were gendered, with women mostly involved in home food gardens, and contribute to maintenance of crops and crop wild relatives while men were mostly home medicinal gardeners and contribute to the maintenance of wild plant species in home gardens. Although multiple functional home gardens were related to higher plant diversity, there was no guarantee for long-term maintenance of plant species in home gardens.

Non-Production Benefits of Education: Crime, Health, and Good Citizenship. NBER Working Paper No. 16722

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lochner, Lance

2011-01-01

A growing body of work suggests that education offers a wide-range of benefits that extend beyond increases in labor market productivity. Improvements in education can lower crime, improve health, and increase voting and democratic participation. This chapter reviews recent developments on these "non-production" benefits of education with an…

Relationship among diet habit and lower urinary tract symptoms and sexual function in outpatient-based males with LUTS/BPH: a multiregional and cross-sectional study in China.

PubMed

Chen, Yuke; Yu, Wei; Zhou, Liqun; Wu, Shiliang; Yang, Yang; Wang, Jianye; Tian, Ye; He, Dalin; Xu, Yong; Huang, Jian; Wang, Xiaofeng; Gao, Xin; Li, Hanzhong; Ma, Lulin; Zhang, Ning; Zhao, Shengtian; Jin, Xunbo

2016-08-31

This study assessed the effect of diet habits on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and sexual function in Chinese men with LUTS/benign prostatic hypertrophy (LUTS/BPH). Multicentre study conducted between July 2013 and December 2013 in 11 hospitals in 3 geographic regions in China. Overall, participants with LUTS/BPH accounted for 61.4% (2584/4208) of the respondents, whose data were processed in the following statistical analysis. LUTS and sexual function were assessed based on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and the International Index of Erectile Function 5 (IIEF-5) score. Prostate volume (PV) was determined by ultrasound. A total of 4208 participants met the inclusion criteria. The average age of the whole participants was 65.8±7.7 years. Overall, participants with LUTS/BPH accounted for 61.4% (2584/4208) of the respondents, whose data were processed in the following statistical analysis. Generally, prostate enlargement was greatest in south China. LUTS and male sexual dysfunction (MSD) were most severe in northwest China. Based on multivariable analysis, PV enlarged as the age (p<0.001), body mass index (BMI; p<0.001) and vegetable intake (p<0.001) increased. Age (p<0.001) and BMI (p<0.05) independently increased the IPSS. A higher level of education (p<0.001) and more frequent meat, fish and egg intake (p<0.05) decreased the IPSS. Age (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.001), low education level (p<0.05), vegetable intake (p=0.001), and milk and dairy product intake (p=0.001) decreased the IIEF-5 score. In addition to factors including age, obesity and level of education, dietary habits and geographic difference might also play an important role in the variation of PV, LUTS and MSD for Chinese men with LUTS/BPH. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/

Aspects on the design, implementation, and simulation of a tracked mini robot destined for special applications in theatres of operations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Petrişor, Silviu-Mihai; Bârsan, GhiÅ£Ä.ƒ

2013-12-01

The authors of this paper wish to highlight elements regarding the organology, functioning and simulation, in a real workspace, of a tracked mini robot structure destined for special applications in theatres of operation, a technological product which is subject to a national patent granted to our institution (patent no. RO a 2012 01051), the result of research activities undertaken under a contract won by national competition, a grant for young research teams, PN-RUTE- 2010 type. The issues outlined in this paper are aspects related to the original invention in comparison with other mini-robot structures, the inventors presenting succinctly the technological product description and its applicability both in the military and applicative area as well as in the educational one. Additionally, the advantages of using the technological product are shown in a real workspace, the constructive and functional solution before, finally, presenting, based on the modelling of the mechanical structure of the tilting module attached to the mini-robot, an application on the simulation and programming of the mini-robot under study.

Roles for Educational Psychologists in Pharmaceutical Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Speedie, Stuart M.

Functions of educational specialists, including educational psychologists, in the field of pharmaceutical education are discussed. The functions considered range from a general educational consultant to evaluator of an innovative program. Requirements for functioning effectively within a pharmacy school are also examined. The compensation…

Project Zoom IN, Citizen Perspectives on Climate and Water Resources

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Glaser, J. P.

2012-12-01

Perspective on climate and water resources can come from the top, scientists sharing invaluable data and findings about how climate dynamics function or quantifications of systems in flux. However, citizens are endowed with an equally as powerful tool for insight: ground zero experience. Project Zoom In is a nascent project undertaken by Global Media Forge to empower youth, educators and scientists with tools to reach the media with locale-specific imagery and perspective of climate dynamics and evidence of anecdotal resource management of liquid gold: fresh water. Zoom In is taking root in Colorado but is designed for national/international scaling. This effort has three limbs: (1) student, scientist and educator workshops teaching invaluable video production skills (2) engaging Colorado school systems to stimulate submission of clips to full video productions to our database, and (3) embedding the findings on a taxonomic GIS interface on-line. The website will be invaluable in classrooms and link network media to individuals with firsthand viewpoints on change.; Climate and Water Resources

Education, material condition and physical functioning trajectories in middle-aged and older adults in Central and Eastern Europe: a cross-country comparison.

PubMed

Hu, Yaoyue; Pikhart, Hynek; Pająk, Andrzej; Kubínová, Růžena; Malyutina, Sofia; Besala, Agnieszka; Peasey, Anne; Marmot, Michael; Bobak, Martin

2016-11-01

Two competing hypotheses, cumulative advantage/disadvantage and age-as-leveller, have been proposed to explain the contradictory findings on socioeconomic differences in health over the lifespan. To test these hypotheses, this investigation examined the influence of educational attainment and material condition on individual trajectories of physical functioning (PF) in unexplored ageing populations in Central and Eastern Europe. 28 783 men and women aged 45-69 years selected from populations in seven Czech towns, Krakow (Poland) and Novosibirsk (Russia). PF was measured by the Physical Functioning Subscale (PF-10) of the Short-Form-36 questionnaire (SF-36) at baseline and three subsequent occasions. The highest educational attainment was self-reported at baseline, and material condition was captured by the sum score of 12 household amenities and assets. In all cohorts, participants with a university degree had the highest PF-10 score at baseline and slowest rate of decline in the score during follow-up, while the lowest baseline scores and fastest decline rate were found in participants with less than secondary education in all cohorts and in Russians with secondary education. Similar disparities in the baseline PF-10 score and decline rate were observed across tertiles of material condition, but differences in decline rates across the three tertiles among Czechs or between the lower two tertiles among Russians were not statistically significant. Disparities in PF by educational attainment and material condition among middle-aged and older adults in Central and Eastern Europe existed at baseline and widened during ∼10 years of follow-up, supporting the cumulative advantage/disadvantage hypothesis. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

Can Education Do It Alone?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levin, Henry M.; Kelley, Carolyn

1994-01-01

Education can improve productivity only if there are employment opportunities for more productive workers. Without complementary inputs, education cannot fulfill its advocates' promises. Test scores have never shown a strong connection with earnings or productivity. Japanese firms that establish manufacturing plants in the United States produce…

Productivity: Vocational Education's Role. Information Series No. 223.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bolino, August C.

This paper's overiew of the relationship between vocational education and productivity includes the presentation of results from a multiple regression analysis of vocational education enrollments and various productivity indices. This tentative analysis contributes additional observations to the studies reviewed and offers pertinent suggestions…

Neural Mechanisms Underlying Musical Pitch Perception and Clinical Applications including Developmental Dyselxia

PubMed Central

Yuskaitis, Christopher J.; Parviz, Mahsa; Loui, Psyche; Wan, Catherine Y.; Pearl, Phillip L.

2017-01-01

Music production and perception invoke a complex set of cognitive functions that rely on the integration of sensory-motor, cognitive, and emotional pathways. Pitch is a fundamental perceptual attribute of sound and a building block for both music and speech. Although the cerebral processing of pitch is not completely understood, recent advances in imaging and electrophysiology have provided insight into the functional and anatomical pathways of pitch processing. This review examines the current understanding of pitch processing, behavioral and neural variations that give rise to difficulties in pitch processing, and potential applications of music education for language processing disorders such as dyslexia. PMID:26092314

Instruction in the Responsible Conduct of Research: An Inventory of Programs and Materials within CTSAs

PubMed Central

DuBois, James M.; Schilling, Debie A.; Heitman, Elizabeth; Steneck, Nicholas H.; Kon, Alexander A.

2010-01-01

Abstract The National Institutes of Health (NIH) require instruction in the responsible conduct of research (RCR) as a component of any Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA). The Educational Materials Group of the NIH CTSA Consortium's Clinical Research Ethics Key Function Committee (CRE‐KFC) conducted a survey of the 38 institutions that held CTSA funding as of January 2009 to determine how they satisfy RCR training requirements. An 8‐item questionnaire was sent by email to directors of the Clinical Research Ethics, the Educational and Career Development, and the Regulatory Knowledge cores. We received 78 completed surveys from 38 CTSAs (100%). We found that there is no unified approach to RCR training across CTSAs, many programs lack a coherent plan for RCR instruction, and most CTSAs have not developed unique instructional materials tailored to the needs of clinical and translational scientists. We recommend collaboration among CTSAs and across CTSA key function committees to address these weaknesses. We also requested that institutions send electronic copies of original RCR training materials to share among CTSAs via the CTSpedia website. Twenty institutions submitted at least one educational product. The CTSpedia now contains more than 90 RCR resources. PMID:20590680

Instruction in the responsible conduct of research: an inventory of programs and materials within CTSAs.

PubMed

DuBois, James M; Schilling, Debie A; Heitman, Elizabeth; Steneck, Nicholas H; Kon, Alexander A

2010-06-01

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) require instruction in the responsible conduct of research (RCR) as a component of any Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA). The Educational Materials Group of the NIH CTSA Consortium's Clinical Research Ethics Key Function Committee (CRE-KFC) conducted a survey of the 38 institutions that held CTSA funding as of January 2009 to determine how they satisfy RCR training requirements. An 8-item questionnaire was sent by email to directors of the Clinical Research Ethics, the Educational and Career Development, and the Regulatory Knowledge cores. We received 78 completed surveys from 38 CTSAs (100%). We found that there is no unified approach to RCR training across CTSAs, many programs lack a coherent plan for RCR instruction, and most CTSAs have not developed unique instructional materials tailored to the needs of clinical and translational scientists. We recommend collaboration among CTSAs and across CTSA key function committees to address these weaknesses. We also requested that institutions send electronic copies of original RCR training materials to share among CTSAs via the CTSpedia website. Twenty institutions submitted at least one educational product. The CTSpedia now contains more than 90 RCR resources.

Effects of an empowerment-based education program for public health nurses in Taiwan.

PubMed

Chang, Li-Chun; Liu, Chieh-Hsing; Yen, Edwin Han-Wen

2008-10-01

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of an empowerment-based education program (EBEP) on employee empowerment, job satisfaction, job productivity and innovative behaviours for public health nurses (PHN) in Taiwan. Empowerment is an important consideration among nurses trying to function in ever-changing health care and education settings. Several studies focused on the trend of public health nursing revealed that PHN have experienced a severe feeling of powerlessness. Developing empowerment strategies through organisations may be a means of helping employees recognise powerlessness in difficult situations and take appropriate action. Quasi-experimental design. PHN in two health bureaus in Taiwan were assigned into an empowerment group (n = 29) and a control group (n = 32). Twenty-four hours of the EBEP lasted four weeks included four empowerment classes and four group workshops following each curriculum for PHN to apply principles of empowerment in their work environment. Data were collected at baseline and four weeks after the intervention. Analysis of covariance (ancova) was used to examine the intervention effect. The experimental group reported significantly higher psychological empowerment [F (1,47) = 5.09, MSE = 3.25, p = 0.001, eta(2) = 0.18] and competence [F (1,47) = 3.96, MSE = 28.78, p = 0.05, eta(2) = 0.22] and impact [F (1,47) = 4.98, MSE = 44.79, p = 0.002, eta(2) = 0.20] subscales, job productivity [F (1,47) = 4.88, MSE = 5.18, p = 0.002, eta(2) = 0.19] and innovative behaviours [F (1,47) = 5.09, MSE = 3.25, p = 0.001, eta(2) = 0.24] than the control group after the EBEP. The EBEP had significant effect on psychological empowerment and subscales of competence and impact, innovative behaviour and job productivity but no effect on organisational empowerment and job satisfaction for PHN. Our findings suggest public health administration could design empowerment-based education to improve employee empowerment and job productivity for PHN. Furthermore, using multiple components to design empowerment education should be considered in further studies.

The challenge of leadership in technology and education.

PubMed

Chambers, John W

2004-01-01

The leadership qualities necessary today in technology, education, and other modern organizations include the ability to recognize rapid changes in organizational environments and ensure continuous transformation and adaptability to that change. The important skills of such leaders include understanding their own business, articulating vision, creating a positive culture, communicating effectively, and measuring results. Rapidly emerging technology is prone to misunderstanding by those who mistake the surface features of how technology works with the functional opportunities it provides. Organizations that transform processes in parallel by adopting new technologies can expect much larger productivity gains than can those who merely insert technology. The problems of memory, speed, and cost have been addressed; the new challenge of technology is making it universal. Education in America is in danger. The infrastructure is outdated and it is not oriented toward change. Jobs will follow competence. Although the challenges of leadership today, especially in technology and education, are great, so is the opportunity for impact and the excitement of bringing diverse skills to bear.

SUPPORT FOR POPULATION LEVEL TOBACCO CONTROL POLICIES IN HUNGARY

PubMed Central

Paulik, Edit; Maróti-Nagy, Ágnes; Nagymajtényi, László; Rogers, Todd; Easterling, Doug

2013-01-01

SUMMARY Background Smoking is the leading, preventable risk factor for premature death and disability in Hungary. The objective of this paper was to assess the social acceptability of and the predictors of holding favourable attitudes toward tobacco control policies among the Hungarian population. Methods A self-administered questionnaire-based study was carried out among individuals aged 16–70 years. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess whether support for the ten tobacco control policies varies as a function of age, sex, educational level, and smoking status. Results The majority of the respondents supported the studied tobacco control measures. Over 90 percent of the sample supported: fines for retailers selling tobacco products to minors (92.3%), stricter enforcement of restrictions on selling tobacco products to minors (90.5%), and a ban on smoking in health care institutions (91.4%). The lowest levels of support were for bans on sponsorship by the tobacco industry (52.8%) and price increases on tobacco products (54.9%). For each measure, support was significantly lower among smokers than non-smokers. Age and education were significantly related to support for some but not all measures. Conclusions Strong majorities of Hungarians support the enactment and enforcement of a wide range of tobacco control measures, a fact that was acknowledged by Parliament’s passage of the 2011 Anti-Smoking Law. Advocacy efforts to encourage the acceptance of tobacco control policies should focus not only on smokers, but also on younger and less educated non-smokers. PMID:22571024

U.S. Institutional Research Productivity in Major Science Education Research Journals: Top 30 for 2000's

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barrow, Lloyd H.; Tang, Nai-en

2013-01-01

VonAalst (2010) used Google Scholar to identify the top four science education research journals: "Journal of Research in Science Teaching," "Science Education," "International Journal of Science Education," and "Journal of Science Teacher Education." U.S. institutional productivity for 2000-2009 for the…

Assessing Significance in Continuing Education: A Needed Adition to Productivity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burnham, Byron R.

1986-01-01

A process whereby continuing education administrators can quantitatively measure FTEs (full-time equivalency), courses, registration, costs, and student hours and relate these measurements to staff productivity is evaluated and its limitations explored. The author also presents a framework of accounting for adult education productivity and values.…

75 FR 391 - Medical Device Quality System Regulation Educational Forum on Risk Management Through the Product...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-05

...] Medical Device Quality System Regulation Educational Forum on Risk Management Through the Product Life...), is announcing a public workshop entitled ``Medical Device Quality System Regulation Educational Forum on Risk Management through the Product Life Cycle.'' This public workshop is intended to provide...

CHANGING CONCEPTS OF PRODUCTIVE LIVING.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

BOYD, ROBERT D.

AT A CONFERENCE OF ADULT EDUCATORS DESIGNED TO BRING INTO FOCUS NEW PERSPECTIVES OF THE ROLES OF ADULT EDUCATION, PAPERS WERE PRESENTED ON THE CHANGING CONCEPTS OF PRODUCTIVE LIVING AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONCERN FOR PRODUCTIVE LIVING AND ADULT EDUCATION. AN OVERVIEW PROVIDED A WORKING ORIENTATION AND DESCRIBED THE BASIC FORCES AND PROBLEMS…

Classroom Diversification: A Strategic View of Educational Productivity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lopez, Omar S.

2007-01-01

This article advances a theory of educational productivity based on a paradigm of classroom diversification that defines a strategic view of the education production process. The paradigm's underlying premise is that classroom student performance, and the instructional interactions that produce such outcomes, depend on economies derived from the…

Radiology online: information, education, and networking--a summary of the 2012 Intersociety Committee Summer Conference.

PubMed

Dodd, Gerald D; Naeger, David M

2013-05-01

The "new online" (Web 2.0) world is evolving rapidly, and the digital information, education, and networking resources available to radiologists have exploded over the past 2 decades. The 2012 Intersociety Committee Summer Conference attendees explored the online resources that have been produced by societies, universities, and commercial entities. Specific attention was given to identifying the best products and packaging them in tablet computers for use by residents and practicing radiologists. The key functions of social networking websites and the possible roles they can play in radiology were explored as well. It was the consensus of the attendees that radiologic digital resources and portable electronic devices have matured to the point that they should become an integral part of our educational programs and clinical practice. Copyright © 2013 American College of Radiology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Assessment of influence of pro-health nutrition education and resulting changes of nutrition behavior of women aged 65-85 on their body content

PubMed Central

Goluch-Koniuszy, Zuzanna

2015-01-01

Introduction One of systemic changes connected to body ageing is the change of body content and the possibility of formation and/or intensification of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension symptoms. Material and methods The research was conducted on 68 women aged 65-85 with body mass index (BMI) of 25.3 to 44.5 kg/m2 who have been educated for four months. The energy and nutritive value of 204 daily food rations (DFRs) was evaluated twice: first days of October and – after the diet correction and implementation of the basic rules – from the end of January. The measurements, anthropometric and body content (in 35 women under research) with the bio-impedance method was checked twice – before and after completing the education. Results After completing the education, there was a statistically significant increase in consumption of grain products, fermented milk products, potatoes, fruit and vegetables, as well as seeds of legumes. Consumption of meat and cold meats, sugar and sweets significantly decreased. In the course of education, an individual-specific decrease in body mass of the participants was noticed, which found its reflection in positive changes of the anthropometric indicators value. A significant decrease in fat content in bodies of women under research was also noticed, which was accompanied by a slight increase in fat-free body mass and water. Conclusions The four-month pro-health education of women influenced changes in improper nutrition habits resulting in, besides the improvement of organism functions and well-being of women under research, body mass loss and changes in content of the body. PMID:26848293

US Dietary Supplement Labeling Rules and the Possibility of Medical Cost Reduction.

PubMed

Amagase, Harunobu

2015-01-01

US dietary supplements classified as foods are regulated under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) and other rules. After the DSHEA established in 1994, the supplement market grew by about 4 times and reached $32 billion as of 2012. One of the major reasons for this market expansion is that consumers can recognize functions of the supplements by the structure/function (S/F) claims. S/F claims must not be false or misleading, and must be based upon reliable scientific evidence, especially clinical studies. At the same time, disclaimers must be shown on the package, which are "These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease." Both the FDA and Federal Trade Commission (FTC) are responsible for label claims and advertisement of dietary supplements. S/F claims are not medical claims, but these may have impact on people's mindset to be healthier. Recent research shows utilizing dietary supplements in 4 major areas with 10 popular ingredients could hypothetically reduce medical costs by over $50 billion in the US in the period of 2013-2020. Predicted fewer health problems and reduced medical cost information will further increase awareness of supplement usage and thus may raise quality of life. These may reduce the medical cost significantly, if the products are used appropriately with sufficient consumer education.

Educational technology "Anatomy and Vital Signs": Evaluation study of content, appearance and usability.

PubMed

de Góes, Fernanda dos Santos Nogueira; Fonseca, Luciana Mara Monti; de Camargo, Rosangela Andrade Aukar; de Oliveira, Gustavo Faria; Felipe, Helena Reche

2015-11-01

The use of new technology has recently grown considerably as an increasing number of college students using Internet. In nursing education, the personal computer and the Internet facilitate teaching theoretical and practical knowledge. Evaluate an educational technology known as "Anatomy and Vital Signs" with respect to content, appearance and usability. This was a first stage evaluation-by specialists to verify content and functioning, prior to a second validation as to learning by students. A methodological study in which instructional technologists (11 participants) and nursing specialists (17 participants) used the technology in an unguided manner and completed three questionnaires. The evaluation was measured by the difference between disagreement and agreement for each statement in the questionnaires. Most of the items were positively evaluated at a level higher than 70% by most of the evaluators except for the following usability criteria: grouping by shape, minimum actions and user control, which did not attain the 70% agreement level among instructional technologists. The evaluation was useful to improve the technology and guarantee suitable product for nursing education. It may be a reliable educational tool for nursing education that applies technological resources. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Designing a primary science curriculum in a globalizing world: How do social constructivism and Vietnamese culture meet?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hằng, Ngô Vũ Thu; Meijer, Marijn Roland; Bulte, Astrid M. W.; Pilot, Albert

2017-09-01

The implementation of social constructivist approaches to learning science in primary education in Vietnamese culture as an example of Confucian heritage culture remains challenging and problematic. This theoretical paper focuses on the initial phase of a design-based research approach; that is, the description of the design of a formal, written curriculum for primary science education in which features of social constructivist approaches to learning are synthesized with essential aspects of Vietnamese culture. The written design comprises learning aims, a framework that is the synthesis of learning functions, learning settings and educational expectations for learning phases, and exemplary curriculum units. Learning aims are formulated to comprehensively develop scientific knowledge, skills, and attitudes toward science for primary students. Derived from these learning aims, the designed framework consists of four learning phases respectively labeled as Engagement, Experience, Exchange, and Follow-up. The designed framework refers to knowledge of the "nature of science" education and characteristics of Vietnamese culture as an example of Confucian heritage culture. The curriculum design aims to serve as an educational product that addresses previously analyzed problems of primary science education in the Vietnamese culture in a globalizing world.

Establishing Quality Assurance in Nigerian Education System: Implication for Educational Managers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adegbesan, Sunday O.

2010-01-01

The importance of quality education in nation building cannot be over emphasized. There have been several calls on the educational managers on how to make the educational system to be more vibrant in the quality of its products after several quantity of mass failure and half baked products from our various educational institutions in the country.…

Establishing Quality Assurance in Nigerian Education System: Implication for Educational Managers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adegbesan, Sunday O.

2011-01-01

The importance of quality education in nation building cannot be over emphasized. There have been several calls on the educational managers on how to make the educational system to be more vibrant in the quality of its products after several quantity of mass failure and half baked products from our various educational institutions in the country.…

National and international organization of phenology as a tool for science, management and education in a changing environment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Weltzin, J. F.; National Coordinating Office Of Usa National Phenology Network

2010-12-01

Patterns of phenology for plants and animals control ecosystem processes, determine land surface properties, control biosphere-atmosphere interactions, and affect food production, health, conservation, and recreation. The USA National Phenology Network (USA-NPN; www.usanpn.org), established in 2007, is a national science and monitoring initiative focused on phenology as a tool to understand how plants, animals and landscapes respond to climatic variability and change. Core functions of the National Coordinating Office (NCO) of USA-NPN are to provide a national information management system including databases, develop and implement internationally standardized phenology monitoring protocols, create partnerships for implementation, facilitate research and the development of decision support tools, and promote education and outreach activities related to phenology and climate change. USA-NPN has a number of new tools to facilitate science, management and education related to phenology at local, regional and national scales. The information management system includes an advanced on-line user interface to facilitate entry and download of contemporary organismal phenology data into the National Phenology Database, access to important historic phenology datasets, and a metadata editor for description, registration and search of phenology datasets. An integrated animal and plant phenology monitoring program provides internationally standardized methods and monitoring protocols for over 400 animal and plant species, with additional species added upon demand. Monitoring methods are designed to facilitate collection of sampling intensity and absence data for both plants and animals, and the interface enables the capture of considerable metadata (at granularities including observer, site, organism, and observation). National scale, in-situ observations since 2009 are now available for land product parameterization and validation, and USA-NPN is participating in the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) Land Product Validation (LPV) Phenology Focus Group. Partnerships with a variety of other organizations benefit from recent development and distribution of standard operating procedures (SOPs) and web services with data input and output functions. USA-NPN facilitates research and the development of decision support tools through provision of communication, coordination and collaboration in a data-rich environment. Education and outreach are facilitated by new on-line training materials, in-person and distance workshops, and a strategic education plan in development. Finally, USA-NPN is collaborating with other national phenology networks around the globe to create an international community of practice for phenology within the collaborative infrastructure created by Group on Earth Observations (GEO).

Influence of educational status on executive function and functional balance in individuals with Parkinson disease.

PubMed

Souza, Carolina de Oliveira; Voos, Mariana Callil; Francato, Débora Valente; Chien, Hsin Fen; Barbosa, Egberto Reis

2013-03-01

This study investigated whether educational status influenced how people with Parkinson disease (PD) performed on Parts A, B, and DELTA of the Trail Making Test (TMT) and on the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Recent studies have shown that educational status may influence cognitive and motor test performance. We gave the TMT and the BBS to assess executive function and functional balance in 28 people with PD (Hoehn and Yahr score between 2 and 3) and 30 healthy elderly people. Participants reported their number of years of formal education. We divided each group of participants by educational status: low (4 to 10 years of education) or high (≥11 years). In both the PD (P=0.018) and control (P=0.003) groups, participants with low educational status performed worse on the TMT Part B than did those with high educational status. Within the PD group, the less-educated participants scored worse on the BBS than did the more educated (P<0.001); this difference was not significant between the more- and less-educated controls (P=0.976). Whether or not they had PD, less-educated people performed worse than more-educated people on the TMT Part B. Educational status affected executive function, but PD status did not. Among individuals with PD, educational status influenced functional balance.

Marx and Education: Working with the Revolutionary Educator

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Banfield, Grant

2015-01-01

This paper positions education as productive work, i.e. radical labour. It argues that education is a deliberate and conscious process directed to the building of human capacities to labour for socialist transformation. In drawing on the intellectual resources left by Marx the objective of education is the production of the "revolutionary…

Investment in Graduate and Professional Degree Education: Evidence of State Workforce Productivity Growth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fatima, Nasrin

2009-01-01

The purpose of this study was to estimate the effects of investment in graduate and professional education on the subsequent growth in state workforce productivity. The independent variables of this study were investment in master's degree education, investment in doctoral degree education, investment in professional degree education, initial…

[Des-interest in professional educating in the production of the National Seminar on Guidelines for Nursing Education].

PubMed

Vieira, Silvana Lima; da Silva, Gilberto Tadeu Reis; Fernandes, Josicelia Dumêt; e Silva, Ana Cláudia de Azevêdo Bião; Santana, Monique Santos; Santos, Thadeu Borges Souza

2014-01-01

Documentary, retrospective, quali-quantitative research, which aimed to examine the approaches of scientific productions through summaries of the 12 and 13 national seminar on guidelines for the education in nursing, which raised the medium-level technical professional education in nursing. quantify and discuss the scientific production of events regarding the geographical distribution of authors, objectives and methodology of the studies. As a criterion for inclusion the abstracts should contain at least one of the following descriptors in the title and/or objectives: education in nursing, technical education in nursing, vocational education. Reviewed 637 abstracts, 23 met the inclusion criteria. The production was concentrated in the Southeast region in Brazil and the objectives featured mainly teaching practices of the nurses. There was little expressiveness of vocational at the event, signaling the need for more studies, considering the relevance of the technical level professionals for the Nursing profession and the health system.

Knowledge Production in Higher Education: Policies and Practices in Nigeria

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ogbodo, Charles M.; Efanga, Sunday I.; Ikpe, Usen G.

2013-01-01

This paper presents a discussion on knowledge production in higher education, policies and practices in Nigeria. At the introduction, the overall objectives of higher education are highlighted and the concepts of policies explained. The paper therefore identifies some factors as the major challenges to knowledge production; some of the factors are…

An Alternate Look at Educational Psychologist's Productivity from 1991 to 2002

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hsieh, Pei-Hsuan; Acee, Taylor; Chung, Wen-Hung; Hsieh, Ya-Ping; Kim, Hyunjin; Thomas, Greg D.; You, Ji-in; Robinson, Daniel H.

2004-01-01

Previous investigations of the productivity of educational psychologists (Smith et al., 1998 and Smith et al., 2003) have used a points system that defines high productivity as having few co-authors and high authorship placement. Due to the increasingly collaborative nature of educational psychology research (Robinson, McKay, Katayama, & Fan,…

The potential of 3D printing in urological research and patient care.

PubMed

Colaco, Marc; Igel, Daniel A; Atala, Anthony

2018-04-01

3D printing is an evolving technology that enables the creation of unique organic and inorganic structures with high precision. In urology, the technology has demonstrated potential uses in both patient and clinician education as well as in clinical practice. The four major techniques used for 3D printing are inkjet printing, extrusion printing, laser sintering, and stereolithography. Each of these techniques can be applied to the production of models for education and surgical planning, prosthetic construction, and tissue bioengineering. Bioengineering is potentially the most important application of 3D printing, as the ability to produce functional organic constructs might, in the future, enable urologists to replicate and replace abnormal tissues with neo-organs, improving patient survival and quality of life.

Predictors of Teacher Educators' Research Productivity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nasser-Abu Alhija, Fadia M.; Majdob, Arin

2017-01-01

This study examined the relationship between teacher educators' research productivity (RP) and their background and professional characteristics, attitudes, motives, obstacles and time devoted to research. The sample included 161 teacher educators from four teacher education colleges in Israel. The findings indicate the significance of five…

Educational level and the quality of life of heart failure patients: a longitudinal study.

PubMed

Barbareschi, Giorgio; Sanderman, Robbert; Leegte, Ivonne Lesman; van Veldhuisen, Dirk J; Jaarsma, Tiny

2011-01-01

Lower education in heart failure (HF) patients is associated with high levels of anxiety, limited physical functioning, and an increased risk of hospitalization. We examined whether educational level is related to longitudinal differences in quality of life (QoL) in HF patients. This research is a substudy of the Coordinating study evaluating Outcomes of Advising and Counselling in Heart failure (COACH). QoL of 553 HF patients (mean age 69, 38% female, mean left ventricular ejection fraction 33%) was assessed during their hospitalization and at 4 follow-up measurements after discharge. In total 32% of the patients had very low, 24% low, 32% medium, and 12% high education. Patients with low educational levels reported the worst QoL. Significant differences between educational groups (P < .05) were only reported in physical functioning, social functioning, energy/fatigue, pain, and limitations in role functioning related to emotional problems. Longitudinal results show that a significantly higher proportion of high-educated patients improved in functional limitations related to emotional problems over time compared with lower-educated patients (P < .05). Patients with low educational levels reported the worst physical and functional condition. High-educated patients improved more than the other patients in functional limitations related to emotional problems over time. Low-educated patients may require different levels of intervention to improve their physical and functional condition. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Mediating the Message: The Team Approach to Developing Interdisciplinary Science Exhibitions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stauffer, B. W.; Starrs, S. K.

2005-05-01

Museum exhibition developers can take advantage of a wide range of methods and media for delivering scientific information to a general audience. But, determining what information to convey and which medium is the best means of conveying it can be an arduous process. How do you design an exhibition so a visiting fifth grade school group learns basic scientific concepts while an amateur naturalist finds enough rich content to warrant coming back in a few months? How much or how little media should be included? What forms of media are most appropriate? Answering these questions requires intensive and iterative collaboration and compromise among a team of educators, scientists and designers. The National Museum of Natural History's Forces of Change Program uses a unique team approach that includes scientific, exhibit design, and education experts to create interdisciplinary science exhibitions. Exhibit topics have explored the dynamics of a grasslands ecosystem, global impacts of El Nino, climate change in the Arctic, the functions of the atmosphere, and soil composition. Exhibition-related products include publications, scavenger hunts, interactive computer kiosks, educational CD-ROMs, animated cartoons, web sites, and school group activities. Team members will describe the team process and the iterative discussions involved in developing these products so they are as scientifically sound and engaging as possible.

Conversations with Four Highly Productive Educational Psychologists: Patricia Alexander, Richard Mayer, Dale Schunk, and Barry Zimmerman

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patterson-Hazley, Melissa; Kiewra, Kenneth A.

2013-01-01

This article seeks to answer the questions: Who are the most productive and influential educational psychologists? What factors characterize these educational psychologists? And, what advice might they pass along to budding scholars? To determine the top educational psychologists, we surveyed the membership of Division 15 (Educational Psychology)…

Drafting standards on cognitive accessibility: a global collaboration.

PubMed

Steel, Emily J; Janeslätt, Gunnel

2017-05-01

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is working on accessibility of products to support people with cognitive impairment. Working Group 10, within the technical committee 173 (assistive products for persons with disability) was formed in 2014 to draft standards for assistive products that support people with cognitive impairment. This article explains the scope and purpose of the working group and the context for its formation, and describes the plans and process for drafting and publishing new international standards. The proposed suite of standards is presented, with examples from a draft standard on daily time management. It draws on international research evidence for the effectiveness of assistive products designed to support time management in people with cognitive impairment. Examples of assistive products and their key features are provided based on domains of time as defined in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth (ICF-CY). The proposed standards will provide design recommendations for features and functions that increase the accessibility of products used by people with cognitive impairment. They are intended to be used by designers, manufactures, educators and services providers, to facilitate their commitment to inclusion and demonstrate their willingness to work with accessibility regulation. Implications for Rehabilitation New standards based on universal design (UD) principles can guide the design of more user-friendly assistive products for people with cognitive impairment. Greater usability of assistive products, whether mainstream or specially-designed, will make it easier for practitioners to find and introduce assistive solutions to individuals with cognitive impairment. Greater usability of assistive products for daily time management can decrease the need for user training and support and enable participation.

Educational participation of children with spinal cord injury.

PubMed

Dudgeon, B J; Massagli, T L; Ross, B W

1997-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine educational participation and accommodations for children with spinal cord injury (SCI) or disease in primary, secondary, and postsecondary educational settings. Written surveys were developed for students with SCI and their teachers. Fifty-three participants had SCI onset before age 18 years, were at least 4 years old and enrolled in a school program, and had residual motor disability without cognitive-behavioral impairments. Nearly all participants were enrolled full time in regular education classrooms. Seventy-five percent of primary-level participants and 32% of secondary-level participants were qualified for special education and related services, receiving teacher aide assistance as well as occupational and physical therapy services. Most participants were graduating from high school and pursing postsecondary education. Classroom performance and grades were reported as average or above average, but curriculum modifications were commonly made, and many participants required human assistance and assistive technology in functional and classroom tasks. Access barriers were often reported by participants using wheelchairs, and those using augmentative writing aids were not fluent with these devices. Accommodations in schools for students with SCI appear to support completion and advancement to higher levels of education, but these accommodations appear to be geared toward participation rather than levels of performance and productivity that may be realistic for work and other community settings.

[Interaction Between Occupational Vanadium Exposure and hsp70-hom on Neurobehavioral Function].

PubMed

Zhang, Qin; Liu, Yun-xing; Cui, Li; Li, Shun-pin; Gao, Wei; Hu, Gao-lin; Zhang, Zu-hui; Lan, Ya-jia

2016-01-01

In determine the effect of heat shock protein 70-hom gene (hsp70-hom) polymorphism on the neurobehavioral function of workers exposed to vanadium. Workers from the vanadium products and chemical industry were recruited by cluster sampling. Demographic data and exposure information were collected using a questionnaire. Neurobehavioral function was assessed by Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery. The hsp70-hom genotype was detected by restricted fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR). A neurobehavioral index (NBI) was formulated through principal component analysis. Workers with a T/C genotype had worse performance in average reaction time, visual retention, digital span (backward), Santa Ana aiming (non-habitual hand), pursuit aiming (right points, total points), digit symbol and NBI score than others (P < 0.05). The relative risk of abnormal NBI score of the workers with a T/C genotype was 1.748 fold of those with a T/T genotype. The relative risk of abnormal.NBI score of the workers exposed to vanadium was 3.048 fold of controls (P < 0.05). But after adjustment with age and education, only vanadium exposure appeared with a significant effect on NBI score. When gene polymorphism and vanadium exposure coexisted, the effect of vanadium on neurobehavioral function was attenuated, but the influence of T/C genotype increased Codds ratio (OR = 4.577, P < 0.05). After adjustment with age and education, the OR of T/C genotype further increased to 7.777 (P < 0.05). Vanadium exposure and T/C genotype had.a bio-interaction effect on NBI score Crelative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) = 4.12, attributable proportion (AP) = 0.7, synergy index (S) = 6.45]. After adjustment with age and education, the RERI became 2.49 and the AP became 0.75, but no coefficient of interaction was produced. Priorities of occupational protection should be given to vanadium-exposed workers with a hsp70-hom T/C genotype and low education level.

Computer-Assisted Instruction and Increased Educational Productivity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cropley, A. J.; Gross, P. F.

1973-01-01

Describes the role of computer-assisted instruction (CAI) in increasing educational productivity and equality of opportunity. Examines a number of key questions concerning the interrelationship of CAI with the traditional education structure. (Authors/WM)

Children's Language Production: How Cognitive Neuroscience and Industrial Engineering Can Inform Public Education Policy and Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leisman, Gerry

2012-01-01

Little of 150 years of research in Cognitive Neurosciences, Human Factors, and the mathematics of Production Management have found their way into educational policy and certainly not into the classroom or in the production of educational materials in any meaningful or practical fashion. Whilst more mundane concepts of timing, sequencing, spatial…

Supply Chain Simulator: A Scenario-Based Educational Tool to Enhance Student Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Siddiqui, Atiq; Khan, Mehmood; Akhtar, Sohail

2008-01-01

Simulation-based educational products are excellent set of illustrative tools that proffer features like visualization of the dynamic behavior of a real system, etc. Such products have great efficacy in education and are known to be one of the first-rate student centered learning methodologies. These products allow students to practice skills such…

The Contribution of Education to Economic Productivity. Schooling in a Technological Society.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

De Bevoise, Wynn

According to traditional measures, the productivity of the American worker has declined. If education's contribution to economic productivity is to be imprortant in this decade, the measures need better definition. Technology has affected our perception of how much education is required to keep pace with growth. Those who believe there is a…

The Construction and Development of Indicators of Learning Organization at Higher Educational Institutions Emphasizing Graduate Production and Social Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hanrin, Chanwit; Sri-Amphai, Pissamai; Ruangmontri, Karn; Namwan, Tharinthorn

2011-01-01

The Purposes of this research were to construct and develop indicators of learning organization at higher educational institutions emphasize graduate production and social development, and to test the congruence of the structural model of the indicators of learning organization at higher educational institutions emphasizing graduate production and…

Going virtual with quicktime VR: new methods and standardized tools for interactive dynamic visualization of anatomical structures.

PubMed

Trelease, R B; Nieder, G L; Dørup, J; Hansen, M S

2000-04-15

Continuing evolution of computer-based multimedia technologies has produced QuickTime, a multiplatform digital media standard that is supported by stand-alone commercial programs and World Wide Web browsers. While its core functions might be most commonly employed for production and delivery of conventional video programs (e.g., lecture videos), additional QuickTime VR "virtual reality" features can be used to produce photorealistic, interactive "non-linear movies" of anatomical structures ranging in size from microscopic through gross anatomic. But what is really included in QuickTime VR and how can it be easily used to produce novel and innovative visualizations for education and research? This tutorial introduces the QuickTime multimedia environment, its QuickTime VR extensions, basic linear and non-linear digital video technologies, image acquisition, and other specialized QuickTime VR production methods. Four separate practical applications are presented for light and electron microscopy, dissectable preserved specimens, and explorable functional anatomy in magnetic resonance cinegrams.

A System Approach to Navy Medical Education and Training. Volume 1

DTIC Science & Technology

1974-08-31

each of the four major pro - ducts complement one another, they form, in fact, a single major product, that of the technology for improved training...the course of determining the functional limits and con - tent areas peculiar to potentially delegable tasks, it is highly desirable to be able to...NISTOS CYTO CLINICAL X-RAY LAS AST LAB ASST LAB AS SI AS SL ABI ASITO LA LAB STMIL OPERATIONS PATIENT CARE OP -- PC -- GMo GMO M.D. M.D. M.D MD M

Higher Education, Productivity, and Earnings: A Review.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pencavel, John

1991-01-01

Provides a review of research on the contribution of education to the organization and productivity of a nation's resources. Focuses on what is known about the particular contribution of higher education to U.S. economic growth. Discusses the relationship between earnings and additional schooling. Concludes that increased education probably has…

The Production of Urban Educational Space

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morgan, John

2012-01-01

It is widely recognised that large urban centres exhibit significant and enduring patterns of educational inequality. This paper explores the social production of urban educational space. In particular, it argues that since these patterns are geographical, it will be useful to revisit the emergence of an "urban crisis" in education and…

Research Productivity and Its Policy Implications in Higher Education Institutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Quimbo, Maria Ana T.; Sulabo, Evangeline C.

2014-01-01

Responding to the Commission on Higher Education's development plan of enhancing research culture among higher education institutions, this study was conducted to analyze the research productivity of selected higher education institutions. It covered five state universities in the Philippines where a total of 377 randomly selected faculty members…

Conversations with Four Highly Productive German Educational Psychologists: Frank Fischer, Hans Gruber, Heinz Mandl, and Alexander Renkl

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flanigan, Abraham E.; Kiewra, Kenneth A.; Luo, Linlin

2018-01-01

Previous research (Kiewra & Creswell, "Educational Psychology Review" 12(1):135-161, 2000; Patterson-Hazley & Kiewra, "Educational Psychology Review" 25(1):19-45, 2013) has investigated the characteristics and work habits of highly productive educational psychologists. These investigations have focused exclusively on…

A Systems View of Learning in Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Shea, Peter

2007-01-01

As the sophistication of technology has increased, so has public demand for quality. This expectation of quality has occurred across a broad range of products and systems, including education. To meet the demand for quality, many products and systems (including educational ones) have become increasingly complex. Within education there are also…

Problematising the Pursuit of Progress in Mathematics Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Llewellyn, Anna

2016-01-01

In this article, I use a Foucauldian poststructural analysis to examine productions of progress within key discursive spaces of mathematics education. These sites of production are educational policy, mathematics education research and case studies of primary school student-teachers in England. From my analysis, I show how progress governs what is…

The National Mechatronic Platform. The basis of the educational programs in the knowledge society

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maties, V.

2016-08-01

The shift from the information society to the knowledge based society caused by the mechatronic revolution, that took place in the 9th decade of the last century, launched a lot of challenges for education and researches activities too. Knowledge production development asks for new educational technologies to stimulate the initiative and creativity as a base to increase the productivity in the knowledge production. The paper presents details related on the innovative potential of mechatronics as educational environment for transdisciplinarity learning and integral education. The basic infrastructure of that environment is based on mechatronic platforms. In order to develop the knowledge production at the national level the specific structures are to be developed. The paper presents details related on the structure of the National Mechatronic Platform as a true knowledge factory. The benefits of the effort to develop the specific infrastructure for knowledge production in the field of mechatronics are outlined too.

Agricultural Production: Task Analysis for Livestock Production. Competency-Based Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henrico County Public Schools, Glen Allen, VA. Virginia Vocational Curriculum Center.

This task analysis guide is intended to help teachers and administrators develop instructional materials and implement competency-based education in the agricultural production program. Section 1 contains a validated task inventory for the livestock production portion of agricultural production IV and V. Tasks are divided into six duty areas:…

Racial Differences in the Association of Education With Physical and Cognitive Function in Older Blacks and Whites

PubMed Central

Wilson, Robert S.; Hebert, Liesi E.; Scherr, Paul A.; Evans, Denis A.; Mendes de Leon, Carlos F.

2011-01-01

Objectives. Few studies have explicitly tested whether the health disadvantage among older Blacks is consistent across the entire range of education. We examined racial differences in the cross-sectional association of education with physical and cognitive function performance in older adults. Methods. Participants included over 9,500 Blacks and Whites, aged ≥65 years, from the Chicago Health and Aging Project {64% Black, 60% women, mean age = 73.0 (standard deviation [SD] = 6.9), mean education = 12.2 (SD = 3.5)}. Physical function was assessed using 3 physical performance tests, and cognitive function was assessed with 4 performance-based tests; composite measures were created and used in analyses. Results. In multiple regression models that controlled for age, age-squared, sex, and race, and their interactions, Whites and those with higher education (>12 years) performed significantly better on both functional health measures. The association of education with each indicator of functional health was similar in older Blacks and Whites with low levels (≤12 years) of education. However, at higher levels of education, there was a significantly more positive association between years of education and these functional health outcomes among Blacks than Whites. Discussion. Results from this biracial population-based sample in the Midwest suggest that Blacks may enjoy greater returns in functional health for additional education beyond high school. PMID:21402644

Education and Research Laboratories as a Means of Enhancing the Quality of Professional Engineering Education in Design and Production of Composite Parts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Khaliulin, Valentin I.; Gershtein, Elena M.

2016-01-01

Relevance of this research is determined by quality improvement of professional engineering education. The purpose of this paper is to offer practical recommendations for those interested in establishment of education and research laboratories as a means of enhancing the quality of professional engineering education in design and production of…

Design on intelligent gateway technique in home network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, Zhonggong; Feng, Xiancheng

2008-12-01

Based on digitization, multimedia, mobility, wide band, real-time interaction and so on,family networks, because can provide diverse and personalized synthesis service in information, correspondence work, entertainment, education and health care and so on, are more and more paid attention by the market. The family network product development has become the focus of the related industry. In this paper,the concept of the family network and the overall reference model of the family network are introduced firstly.Then the core techniques and the correspondence standard related with the family network are proposed.The key analysis is made for the function of family gateway, the function module of the software,the key technologies to client side software architecture and the trend of development of the family network entertainment seeing and hearing service and so on. Product present situation of the family gateway and the future trend of development, application solution of the digital family service are introduced. The development of the family network product bringing about the digital family network industry is introduced finally.It causes the development of software industries,such as communication industry,electrical appliances industry, computer and game and so on.It also causes the development of estate industry.

Wound-Related Allergic/Irritant Contact Dermatitis.

PubMed

Alavi, Afsaneh; Sibbald, R Gary; Ladizinski, Barry; Saraiya, Ami; Lee, Kachiu C; Skotnicki-Grant, Sandy; Maibach, Howard

2016-06-01

To provide information from a literature review about the prevention, recognition, and treatment for contact dermatitis. This continuing education activity is intended for physicians and nurses with an interest in skin and wound care. After participating in this educational activity, the participant should be better able to:1. Identify signs and symptoms of and diagnostic measures for contact dermatitis.2. Identify causes and risks for contact dermatitis.3. Select appropriate treatment for contact dermatitis and its prevention. Contact dermatitis to wound care products is a common, often neglected problem. A review was conducted to identify articles relevant to contact dermatitis.A PubMed English-language literature review was conducted for appropriate articles published between January 2000 and December 2015.Contact dermatitis is both irritant (80% of cases) or allergic (20% of cases). Frequent use of potential contact allergens and impaired barrier function of the skin can lead to rising sensitization in patients with chronic wounds. Common known allergens to avoid in wound care patients include fragrances, colophony, lanolin, and topical antibiotics.Clinicians should be cognizant of the allergens in wound care products and the potential for sensitization. All medical devices, including wound dressings, adhesives, and bandages, should be labeled with their complete ingredients, and manufacturers should be encouraged to remove common allergens from wound care products, including topical creams, ointments, and dressings.

Indicators of Childhood Quality of Education in Relation to Cognitive Function in Older Adulthood

PubMed Central

Clay, Olivio J.; Martin, Roy C.; Howard, Virginia J.; Wadley, Virginia G.; Sawyer, Patricia; Allman, Richard M.

2013-01-01

Background. The association between years of education and cognitive function in older adults has been studied extensively, but the role of quality of education is unknown. We examined indicators of childhood educational quality as predictors of cognitive performance and decline in later life. Methods. Participants included 433 older adults (52% African American) who reported living in Alabama during childhood and completed in-home assessments of cognitive function at baseline and 4 years later. Reports of residence during school years were matched to county-level data from the 1935 Alabama Department of Education report for school funding (per student), student–teacher ratio, and school year length. A composite measure of global cognitive function was utilized in analyses. Multilevel mixed effects models accounted for clustering of educational data within counties in examining the association between cognitive function and the educational quality indices. Results. Higher student–teacher ratio was associated with worse cognitive function and greater school year length was associated with better cognitive function. These associations remained statistically significant in models adjusted for education level, age, race, gender, income, reading ability, vascular risk factors, and health behaviors. The observed associations were stronger in those with lower levels of education (≤12 years), but none of the education quality measures were related to 4-year change in cognitive function. Conclusions. Educational factors other than years of schooling may influence cognitive performance in later life. Understanding the role of education in cognitive aging has substantial implications for prevention efforts as well as accurate identification of older adults with cognitive impairment. PMID:22546959

Predicting acceptance and popularity in early adolescence as a function of hearing status, gender, and educational setting.

PubMed

Wolters, Nina; Knoors, Harry E T; Cillessen, Antonius H N; Verhoeven, Ludo

2011-01-01

This study examined associations of communicative skills, social behavior, and personality with acceptance and popularity as a function of hearing status, gender, and educational setting. Participants were 87 deaf and 672 hearing early adolescents of 52 6th grade classrooms in mainstream and special education. Acceptance varied as a function of hearing status by gender; popularity varied as a function of hearing status and educational setting. Deaf boys in mainstream education were less accepted and popular than their hearing classmates and than deaf peers in special education. Deaf girls in mainstream education were also less popular but not less accepted. Communicative skills varied as a function of hearing status, whereas social behavior varied as a function of educational setting. Deaf mainstreamed children showed less developed pragmatic and strategic communicative skills (monitoring, improvisation, initiating/maintaining) than their hearing classmates, but more social adjustment than deaf peers in special education (more prosocial behavior, less antisocial or withdrawn behavior, and more agreeableness). For acceptance, deaf girls in mainstream education compensated the lack of improvisation with higher levels of prosocial behavior, agreeableness, monitoring, and pragmatic skills, and lower levels of antisocial behavior than deaf boys. Monitoring and pragmatic skills negatively affected a deaf mainstream boy's acceptance. In special education, gender differences in prosocial behavior explained deaf boys' lower acceptance. Popularity was explained by pragmatic skills and improvisation as a function of hearing status. Voter population difference and different social behavior norms are considered as an explanation for popularity differences as a function of educational setting. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Indicators of childhood quality of education in relation to cognitive function in older adulthood.

PubMed

Crowe, Michael; Clay, Olivio J; Martin, Roy C; Howard, Virginia J; Wadley, Virginia G; Sawyer, Patricia; Allman, Richard M

2013-02-01

The association between years of education and cognitive function in older adults has been studied extensively, but the role of quality of education is unknown. We examined indicators of childhood educational quality as predictors of cognitive performance and decline in later life. Participants included 433 older adults (52% African American) who reported living in Alabama during childhood and completed in-home assessments of cognitive function at baseline and 4 years later. Reports of residence during school years were matched to county-level data from the 1935 Alabama Department of Education report for school funding (per student), student-teacher ratio, and school year length. A composite measure of global cognitive function was utilized in analyses. Multilevel mixed effects models accounted for clustering of educational data within counties in examining the association between cognitive function and the educational quality indices. Higher student-teacher ratio was associated with worse cognitive function and greater school year length was associated with better cognitive function. These associations remained statistically significant in models adjusted for education level, age, race, gender, income, reading ability, vascular risk factors, and health behaviors. The observed associations were stronger in those with lower levels of education (≤12 years), but none of the education quality measures were related to 4-year change in cognitive function. Educational factors other than years of schooling may influence cognitive performance in later life. Understanding the role of education in cognitive aging has substantial implications for prevention efforts as well as accurate identification of older adults with cognitive impairment.

Return on Educational Investment: A District-by-District Evaluation of U.S. Educational Productivity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boser, Ulrich

2011-01-01

This report is the culmination of a yearlong effort to study the efficiency of the nation's public education system and includes the first-ever attempt to evaluate the productivity of almost every major school district in the country. In the business world, the notion of productivity describes the benefit received in exchange for effort or money…

12 CFR 303.46 - Financial education programs that include the provision of bank products and services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Financial education programs that include the provision of bank products and services. 303.46 Section 303.46 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE... Branches and Offices § 303.46 Financial education programs that include the provision of bank products and...

12 CFR 303.46 - Financial education programs that include the provision of bank products and services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Financial education programs that include the provision of bank products and services. 303.46 Section 303.46 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE... Branches and Offices § 303.46 Financial education programs that include the provision of bank products and...

Proceedings of the Annual National Clinic on Technical Education (13th, Monroe Community College, Rochester, New York, March 24-26, 1976).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bureau of Occupational and Adult Education (DHEW/OE), Washington, DC. Div. of Vocational and Technical Education.

The keynote address, "Productivity as a Means of Economic Development," by Donald C. Burnham, and 20 other conference presentations on technical education are included in these proceedings. Titles are as follows: A Technical College Responds to a Need for Productivity; The Industrial Answer to Productivity Through Technical Education; An Overview…

Out with the Old--In with the New: Thoughts on the Future of Educational Productivity Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rolle, Anthony

2004-01-01

The purpose of this article is to present a review of-and to provide insight into future directions for research on-the literature surrounding the efficient production of educational outcomes. Research studies on educational productivity and efficiency generally support 2 dominant paradigms within the field of school finance: (a) Money Does Not…

Vocational Education and Productivity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Watson, Robert, Jr.

Vocational education can contribute to an improved United States productivity by producing an effective work force. People together with technology are two major factors in improving productivity, and they must be integrated. Industry is in the forefront of the efforts to improve productivity. It has encouraged management in long-range strategic…

Vocational Training and Agricultural Productivity: Evidence from Rice Production in Vietnam

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ulimwengu, John; Badiane, Ousmane

2010-01-01

The paper examines the impact of farmers' educational attainment on agricultural productivity. More specifically, it evaluates how farmers with vocational training perform compared to those with traditional educational training. A stochastic production frontier and inefficiency effects model is estimated using nationally representative household…

Life science education in Australia and America: Linking new knowledge with new opportunities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Linich, Michael

If we are to reap the benefit of fundamental scientific research in the future, we must adjust our education priorities to partner the sciences more closely. There are at least four critical areas that industry; government and higher educational institutions have to adjust to maintain public interest in the sciences. Science education aims to train people to apply the principles of science to their everyday life and as such generate products or perform functions that can benefit humankind. Translating research findings to industry requires many scientific skills and an understanding of the history and application of science, through astrobiology, in high schools and undergraduate university programs can help to achieve this. The critical areas we need to address in education to achieve this are: * The skills, discoveries and concepts in astrobiology that is necessary for understanding. * To identify and eliminate barriers to partnering disciplines in science education. * To produce educational resources we can use in this process. * To facilitate science education in a community that is largely scientifically illiterate and suspicious of many aspects of science. Australian science education is somewhat backward in performance when compared to the USA and Europe. This is reflected in the dominance shown by the United States of America in biotechnology. Australia needs to translate developments in education from overseas into modern context. The pathway to achieve this goal is to develop closer partnerships between teaching the disciplines in high schools and the teaching and research in tertiary institutions.

Funding Schools and Universities: Improving Productivity and Equity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Odden, Allan; Massy, William

This report discusses trends in education funding over a 40-year period (1950-1990); describes how education dollars are spent; identifies reasons for increases in the cost of education; and offers some observations on the education productivity problem. It also addresses equity issues at both K-12 and postsecondary levels and suggests ways to…

7 CFR 1150.153 - Qualified State or regional dairy product promotion, research or nutrition education programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., research or nutrition education programs. 1150.153 Section 1150.153 Agriculture Regulations of the... § 1150.153 Qualified State or regional dairy product promotion, research or nutrition education programs... nutrition education program may apply to the Secretary for certification of qualification so that producers...

7 CFR 1150.153 - Qualified State or regional dairy product promotion, research or nutrition education programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., research or nutrition education programs. 1150.153 Section 1150.153 Agriculture Regulations of the... § 1150.153 Qualified State or regional dairy product promotion, research or nutrition education programs... nutrition education program may apply to the Secretary for certification of qualification so that producers...

The Simultaneous Production Model; A Model for the Construction, Testing, Implementation and Revision of Educational Computer Simulation Environments.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zillesen, Pieter G. van Schaick

This paper introduces a hardware and software independent model for producing educational computer simulation environments. The model, which is based on the results of 32 studies of educational computer simulations program production, implies that educational computer simulation environments are specified, constructed, tested, implemented, and…

Educational Strategies and Extent of Cooperation with Agri-Educators by Selected Agribusinesses.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ubadigbo, Fidelis N.; Gamon, Julia A.

A study examined the educational strategies used by three Iowa agribusinesses--livestock feed, chemical/fertilizer production and distribution, and seed production and distribution. The goals of the study were to identify (1) different educational strategies used by the three types of agribusinesses, (2) the extent of cooperation between the…

27 CFR 6.94 - Educational seminars.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Educational seminars. 6.94 Section 6.94 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE BUREAU, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LIQUORS âTIED-HOUSEâ Exceptions § 6.94 Educational seminars. An industry member may give or sponsor educational seminars for...

Educational Insights of the Economist: Tibor Scitovsky on Education, Production and Creative Consumption

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gilead, Tal

2013-01-01

In recent decades education is increasingly perceived as an instrument for generating economic growth and enhancing production. Unexpectedly, however, many prominent economists, throughout history, have rejected this view of education. This article examines the grounds on which Tibor Scitovsky, who was one of the leading economists of twentieth…

Economies of Scope in Distance Education: The Case of Chinese Research Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Li, Fengliang; Chen, Xinlei

2012-01-01

With the rapid development of information technologies, distance education has become "another form of product differentiation in the output mix produced by the multi-product university or college" (Cohn & Cooper, 2004, p. 607). This article aims at analyzing the economies of scope of distance education (as an educational output) in…

Educational Statistics and School Improvement. Statistics and the Federal Role in Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hawley, Willis D.

This paper focuses on how educational statistics might better serve the quest for educational improvement in elementary and secondary schools. A model for conceptualizing the sources and processes of school productivity is presented. The Learning Productivity Model suggests that school outcomes are the consequence of the interaction of five…

Critical Assessment of Video Production in Teacher Education: Can Video Production Foster Community-Engaged Scholarship?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yang, Kyung-Hwa

2014-01-01

In the theoretical framework of production pedagogy, I reflect on a video production project conducted in a teacher education program and discuss the potential of video production to foster community-engaged scholarship among pre-service teachers. While the importance of engaging learners in creating media has been emphasized, studies show little…

The ORACLE Children Study: educational outcomes at 11 years of age following antenatal prescription of erythromycin or co-amoxiclav.

PubMed

Marlow, Neil; Bower, Hannah; Jones, David; Brocklehurst, Peter; Kenyon, Sara; Pike, Katie; Taylor, David; Salt, Alison

2017-03-01

Antibiotics used for women in spontaneous preterm labour without overt infection, in contrast to those with preterm rupture of membranes, are associated with altered functional outcomes in their children. From the National Pupil Database, we used Key Stage 2 scores, national test scores in school year 6 at 11 years of age, to explore the hypothesis that erythromycin and co-amoxiclav were associated with poorer educational outcomes within the ORACLE Children Study. Anonymised scores for 97% of surviving children born to mothers recruited to ORACLE and resident in England were analysed against treatment group adjusting for key available socio-demographic potential confounders. No association with crude or with adjusted scores for English, mathematics or science was observed by maternal antibiotic group in either women with preterm rupture of membranes or spontaneous preterm labour with intact membranes. While the proportion receiving special educational needs was similar in each group (range 31.6-34.4%), it was higher than the national rate of 19%. Despite evidence that antibiotics are associated with increased functional impairment at 7 years, educational test scores and special needs at 11 years of age show no differences between trial groups. ISCRT Number 52995660 (original ORACLE trial number). Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

A Model for the Evaluation of Educational Products.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bertram, Charles L.

A model for the evaluation of educational products based on experience with development of three such products is described. The purpose of the evaluation model is to indicate the flow of evaluation activity as products undergo development. Evaluation is given Stufflebeam's definition as the process of delineating, obtaining, and providing useful…

Products Available from the National Center for Education Statistics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fromboluti, Carol Sue

This booklet lists some of the products available from the National Center for Education Statistics. Each product is described briefly, with some notes about its development and use, and ordering information, including cost and stock number. The following products are described: (1) "Student Data Handbook for Elementary, Secondary, and Early…

A Revised Marxist Political Economy of National Education Markets

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marginson, Simon

2004-01-01

This article synthesises the social and economic dynamics of both non-market and market production in national education systems, drawing primarily on Marx's analysis of the commodity and Hirsch on positional competition. Market production has six principal aspects: a defined field of production, protocols governing entry/exit, the production of…

Interchange. Program Improvement Products Identified through Networking.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ohio State Univ., Columbus. National Center for Research in Vocational Education.

This catalog lists exemplary field-based program improvement products identified by the Dissemination and Utilization Products and Services Program (D&U) at the National Center for Research in Vocational Education. It is designed to increase awareness of these products among vocational educators and to provide information about them that…

Developmental output failure: a study of low productivity in school-aged children.

PubMed

Levine, M D; Oberklaid, F; Meltzer, L

1981-01-01

Children with low academic productivity in late elementary and junior high school present a vexing problem to parents and schools. A subgroup of these youngsters may have underlying subtle handicaps that result in reduced productivity and chronic underachievement. Such children may be clinically characterized as exhibiting "developmental output failure." Using parent and teacher questionnaires, educational achievement tests, and pediatric neurodevelopmental assessments, a group of 26 children was selected according to predetermined criteria from among the clinic population seen in The School Function Program at The Children's Hospital Medical Center. Common findings among the group included problems with expressive language, fine motor tasks, finger agnosia, attention, and retrieval memory. It is suggested that clinicians be aware of the possibility that a child in this age group with low academic work output may have underlying developmental dysfunctions, whose manifestations may not have been evident earlier in life.

The Business and Industry Perspective on U.S. Productivity: Implications for Vocational Education. Occasional Paper No. 82.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Thomas W.

The current lag in U. S. productivity has many implications for vocational education. Before discussing the role of vocational education in easing the productivity crisis, it is necessary to understand the causes of the crisis. Included among these are rising energy prices; the segmentation of the American work force, by both geography and skills;…

If All You Have Is a Hammer, Everything Begins to Look Like a Nail--How Wicked Is the Problem of Measuring Productivity in Higher Education?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Drengenberg, Nicholas; Bain, Alan

2017-01-01

This paper addresses the wicked problem of measuring the productivity of learning and teaching in higher education. We show how fundamental validity issues and difficulties identified in educational productivity research point to the need for a qualitatively different framework when considering the entire question. We describe the work that needs…

Model for Developing Educational Research Productivity: The Medical Education Research Group.

PubMed

Perry, Marcia; Hopson, Laura; House, Joseph B; Fischer, Jonathan P; Dooley-Hash, Suzanne; Hauff, Samantha; Wolff, Margaret S; Sozener, Cemal; Nypaver, Michele; Moll, Joel; Losman, Eve D; Carney, Michele; Santen, Sally A

2015-11-01

Education research and scholarship are essential for promotion of faculty as well as dissemination of new educational practices. Educational faculty frequently spend the majority of their time on administrative and educational commitments and as a result educators often fall behind on scholarship and research. The objective of this educational advance is to promote scholarly productivity as a template for others to follow. We formed the Medical Education Research Group (MERG) of education leaders from our emergency medicine residency, fellowship, and clerkship programs, as well as residents with a focus on education. First, we incorporated scholarship into the required activities of our education missions by evaluating the impact of programmatic changes and then submitting the curricula or process as peer-reviewed work. Second, we worked as a team, sharing projects that led to improved motivation, accountability, and work completion. Third, our monthly meetings served as brainstorming sessions for new projects, research skill building, and tracking work completion. Lastly, we incorporated a work-study graduate student to assist with basic but time-consuming tasks of completing manuscripts. The MERG group has been highly productive, achieving the following scholarship over a three-year period: 102 abstract presentations, 46 journal article publications, 13 MedEd Portal publications, 35 national didactic presentations and five faculty promotions to the next academic level. An intentional focus on scholarship has led to a collaborative group of educators successfully improving their scholarship through team productivity, which ultimately leads to faculty promotions and dissemination of innovations in education.

34 CFR 462.44 - Which educational functioning levels must States and local eligible providers use to measure and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF VOCATIONAL AND ADULT EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION MEASURING EDUCATIONAL GAIN IN THE NATIONAL REPORTING SYSTEM FOR... 34 Education 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Which educational functioning levels must States and...

Beyond the Event Horizon: Education with Black Holes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Silva, Sarah; Cominsky, L.; Plait, P.; SSU E/PO Group

2006-09-01

The Sonoma State University NASA Education and Public Outreach Program (SSU E/PO), in collaboration with the Denver Museum of Nature & Science (DMNS), NOVA, Thomas Lucas Productions (TLP), the National Science Foundation and E/PO groups across NASA's Astrophysics Division, is creating a series of educational and outreach products for both formal and informal educational settings. The formal (in-class) products are closely tied with the informal (museum and television) products. An NSF-funded digital planetarium show titled "Black Holes: The Other Side of Infinity" was created by DMNS and TLP and is currently showing at several venues, with more planned. Through funding from the Swift and GLAST missions, SSU has developed an accompanying educator workshop and guide to train museum personnel in the use of black hole educational materials so that they can give professional development workshops to local teachers. In addition, SSU E/PO has worked with TLP and NOVA to create a television program ("Monster of the Milky Way") will premiere in the fall of 2006 with accompanying online educational materials. The educator guide materials include activities from NASA Astrophysics missions such as GLAST, Swift, XMM-Newton, and Gravity Probe-B, as well as from the Center for Science Education at Space Sciences Laboratory and the HEASARC education programs. We are also creating an online educational resource for use by anyone who wants to find information about black holes. It will have interactive features, including a possible museum kiosk where visitors can explore black holes. All products that are developed as a part of this program include integrated evaluation and assessment. The planetarium show has already had formative evaluation and is in the process of summative evaluation. The workshops include evaluation and follow-up work with the participating educators.

Productive and Participatory: Basic Education for High-Performing and Actively Engaged Workers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jurmo, Paul

2010-01-01

The adult basic education field in the United States has experienced an ebb and flow of interest and investment in "worker education" over the past three decades. Although the rhetoric around workplace basic skills tends to focus on such outcomes as productivity and competitiveness, some proponents of worker basic education see it as a…

The SEA of the Future: Uncovering the Productivity Promise of Rural Education. Volume 4

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gross, Betheny, Ed.; Jochim, Ashley, Ed.

2015-01-01

"The SEA of the Future" is an education publication series examining how state education agencies can shift from a compliance to a performance-oriented organization through strategic planning and performance management tools to meet growing demands to support education reform while improving productivity. This is the fourth volume in the…

Mejoramiento de la Produccion de Materiales de Educacion en Poblacion para la Ensenanza Primaria y la Post-Alfabetizacion. Taller Regional (Santiago, Chile, 27 mayo-5 junio, 1987). Informe Final (Upgrading the Production of Population Education Materials for Primary Education and Post-Literacy. Regional Workshop (Santiago, Chile, May 27-June 5, 1987). Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Santiago (Chile). Regional Office for Education in Latin America and the Caribbean.

This report contains the results of an operational training workshop covering 11 case studies on the production of teaching materials for population education and used for elementary education, literacy, and post-literacy programs. The workshop covered the planning and design for the production of teaching materials including an eight step…

The Social Utility of Performance-Approach Goals in a Selective Educational Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jury, Mickaël; Darnon, Céline; Dompnier, Benoit; Butera, Fabrizio

2017-01-01

According to the recent research, the educational system fulfills both an educational function (i.e., teaching and training students) and a selection function (i.e., determining students' future position in the social hierarchy), particularly in higher education. It has been argued that in the university system the selection function provides a…

Productivity in the Private Sector and Its Application to the Educational Enterprise.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schwarz, Fred C.

This paper presents the present dilemma of declining productivity gains in the private sector and illustrates efforts to reverse the trend. Also presented are techniques being used by companies that are successful in improving their productivity. Finally, specific illustrations of techniques for improving productivity in the educational enterprise…

Get Up to Speed on the Latest Product Releases in the Education Market

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Technology & Learning, 2007

2007-01-01

This article provides brief descriptions of the latest product releases in the education market. These products include hardware, software, and resources. The following products are presented in this article, but not limited to: (1) Radius Audio Learning System(www.learningresources.com); (2) The Indigo Learning System from LearningSoft, LLC…

Scientific evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine under DSHEA: a conundrum. Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act.

PubMed

Chang, J

1999-04-01

In the United States, traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) are currently sold as dietary supplements, as defined by The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA). This legislation is unique to the United States and while "structure and function" claims are allowable under DSHEA, disease claims are not. The narrow definition, however, poses a challenge to designing appropriate clinical studies that can provide data for "structure and function" claim substantiation. The process of melding Chinese herbal medicines into the dietary supplement category is complex and there is a need to define a clinical trial paradigm carefully that addresses "structure and function claims" without sacrificing scientific rigor. It is frequently not recognized that TCM favors an amalgamation of several herbs to generate the putative clinical effect. Because of this historical multiherb approach, the reliance on retrospective data to support the potential health benefits of an herb extract has severe limitations. Notwithstanding the immense value of identifying the pharmacological activity of a TCM herb to a chemical suitable for pharmaceutical development, another approach to safe and efficacious herbal products is to develop a standardized herbal extract. This article highlights issues related to the latter approach and will discuss a research-based strategy that may be suitable for validating, in part, the putative health benefits of TCM.

Portugal's special education law: implementing the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health in policy and practice.

PubMed

Sanches-Ferreira, Manuela; Simeonsson, Rune J; Silveira-Maia, Mónica; Alves, Sílvia; Tavares, Ana; Pinheiro, Sara

2013-05-01

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) was introduced in Portuguese education law as the compulsory system to guide eligibility policy and practice in special education. This paper describes the implementation of the ICF and its utility in the assessment process and eligibility determination of students for special education. A study to evaluate the utility of the ICF was commissioned by the Portuguese Ministry of Education and carried out by an external evaluation team. A document analysis was made of the assessment and eligibility processes of 237 students, selected from a nationally representative sample. The results provided support for the use of the ICF in student assessment and in the multidimensional approach of generating student functioning profiles as the basis for determining eligibility. The use of the ICF contributed to the differentiation of eligible and non eligible students based on their functioning profiles. The findings demonstrate the applicability of the ICF framework and classification system for determining eligibility for special education services on the basis of student functioning rather than medical or psychological diagnose. The use of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework in special education policy is as follows: • The functional perspective of the ICF offers a more comprehensive, holistic assessment of student needs than medical diagnoses. • ICF-based assessment of the nature and severity of functioning can serve as the basis for determining eligibility for special education and habilitation. • Profiles of functioning can support decision making in designing appropriate educational interventions for students.

Troubling Methods-Centric "Teacher Production": Social Foundations in Dance Education Teacher Preparation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Risner, Doug; Barr, Sherrie

2015-01-01

Preparing dance specialist teachers to successfully educate an increasingly diverse student population highlights a number of challenges within an educational policy landscape characterized by technical production, methods-centric teacher preparation, teacher-proof curriculum, and standardization. The ramifications of these policies have…

The Effect of Collective Bargaining on the Issue of "Excellence or Equality" in Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaufman, Jacob J.; Flanary, Patricia E.

What is the effect of collective bargaining on the issue of excellence or equality in higher education? Relevant to this discussion are: (1) institutions of higher education vary so greatly in goals, student bodies, and products that we cannot study higher education as a single industry producing a single product; (2) the economic and political…

Preparing for the '90s: Thrust for Quality in Higher Education [and] Thrust for Quality in Public Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Louisiana Association of Businss and Industry, Baton Rouge.

Examined in the first report is the need for educational improvement in higher education in Louisiana. Discussion focuses on the state of the economy: half of Louisiana's economy (production and manufacturing) is in decline, while the other half (production jobs) is uncertain. Cooperation between higher education and business offers hope for the…

A Survey of Educational Needs and Online Training Perceptions in the Wood Products Industry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Quesada-Pineda, Henry J.; Conn, Samuel S.; Sanchez, L. Scarlett

2011-01-01

A sample of 651 wood products industries were surveyed to determine their educational needs and quantify their interest in receiving continuing education via an online format. In the survey, respondents were asked to rank, in order of priority, their educational needs. With a 15.2% response rate, survey respondents (n=99) indicated that an online…

Personality and physical functioning among older adults: the moderating role of education.

PubMed

Jaconelli, Alban; Stephan, Yannick; Canada, Brice; Chapman, Benjamin P

2013-07-01

Drawing upon a vulnerability model, this study tested whether low educational level would amplify the negative contribution of risky personality traits, such as high neuroticism and low conscientiousness, on older adults physical functioning. Five hundred and thirteen French-speaking community-dwelling older adults aged 60-91 years (mean age = 66.37, SD = 5.32) completed measures of physical functioning, education, personality traits, chronic conditions, and demographic variables. Results revealed that extraversion and conscientiousness were positively associated with physical functioning, whereas neuroticism was a negative predictor, beyond demographics, chronic conditions, and education. The negative relationship between neuroticism and physical functioning was stronger among individuals with low educational level and was nonsignificant among older people with higher level of education. This study is the first to support a vulnerability model, which entails an amplification of neuroticism risk at low education, but a diminishment of neuroticism risk for activity limitations at high education. As a whole, it appears that a focus on either personality or education without taking into account each other provides only a partial account of the predictors of basic daily physical activities in old age.

Production Reconsidered: Implications for Technology Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pytlik, Edward C.; Sinn, John W.

1985-01-01

A philosophical concept of production technology is proposed which complements the basic underlying philosophy of technology education. It is based on the combined definition of production and technology, which necessitated the restructuring and expansion of the traditional structure into five divisions: harvesting, processing, manufacturing,…

Educational gradients in the use of electronic cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco products in Japan.

PubMed

Miyazaki, Yuki; Tabuchi, Takahiro

2018-01-01

In addition to electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), tobacco companies have recently begun to sell heat-not-burn tobacco products, Ploom and iQOS in Japan. Previous research has reported an inverse association between combustible cigarette smoking and educational attainment, but little is known about the association for e-cigarettes, especially heat-not-burn tobacco products. Our objective was to analyze the relationship between educational attainment and e-cigarette and heat-not-burn tobacco use. An internet survey (randomly sampled research agency panelists) in Japan. A total of 7338 respondents aged 18-69 years in 2015 (3632 men and 3706women). Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of educational attainment for current smoking (combustible cigarettes), e-cigarette ever-use, and heat-not-burn ever-use were calculated by multivariable logistic regression models using covariates including socio-demographic factors. Stratified analyses according to smoking status (combustible cigarettes) were additionally performed for e-cigarette ever-use and heat-not-burn tobacco product ever-use. Associations between educational attainment and e-cigarette ever-use or heat-not-burn tobacco ever-use are not straightforward, although these associations are not statistically significant except for one cell. For example, using "graduate school" education as a reference category, adjusted ORs for "high school" were 1.44 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85-2.44) for e-cigarettes ever-use and 0.75 (95% CI:0.19-2.97) for heat-not-burn tobacco product ever-use. Among current smokers, compared with "graduate school" (reference), those with lower educational attainment showed 0.6 to 0.7 ORs for e-cigarette ever-use: e.g.,"4-year university"(OR = 0.54, 95% CI:0.24-1.24) and "high school" (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.30-1.60). Among former smokers, lower education indicated higher ORs for both e-cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco ever-use. This study provides baseline information on educational gradients of e-cigarette and heat-not-burn tobacco products, ever-use. As heat-not-burn tobacco products are increasing their market share in Japan, continuous monitoring of these products will be necessary.

Global cost of correcting vision impairment from uncorrected refractive error.

PubMed

Fricke, T R; Holden, B A; Wilson, D A; Schlenther, G; Naidoo, K S; Resnikoff, S; Frick, K D

2012-10-01

To estimate the global cost of establishing and operating the educational and refractive care facilities required to provide care to all individuals who currently have vision impairment resulting from uncorrected refractive error (URE). The global cost of correcting URE was estimated using data on the population, the prevalence of URE and the number of existing refractive care practitioners in individual countries, the cost of establishing and operating educational programmes for practitioners and the cost of establishing and operating refractive care facilities. The assumptions made ensured that costs were not underestimated and an upper limit to the costs was derived using the most expensive extreme for each assumption. There were an estimated 158 million cases of distance vision impairment and 544 million cases of near vision impairment caused by URE worldwide in 2007. Approximately 47 000 additional full-time functional clinical refractionists and 18 000 ophthalmic dispensers would be required to provide refractive care services for these individuals. The global cost of educating the additional personnel and of establishing, maintaining and operating the refractive care facilities needed was estimated to be around 20 000 million United States dollars (US$) and the upper-limit cost was US$ 28 000 million. The estimated loss in global gross domestic product due to distance vision impairment caused by URE was US$ 202 000 million annually. The cost of establishing and operating the educational and refractive care facilities required to deal with vision impairment resulting from URE was a small proportion of the global loss in productivity associated with that vision impairment.

Nutrition education, farm production diversity, and commercialization on household and individual dietary diversity in Zimbabwe.

PubMed

Murendo, Conrad; Nhau, Brighton; Mazvimavi, Kizito; Khanye, Thamsanqa; Gwara, Simon

2018-01-01

Nutrition education is crucial for improved nutrition outcomes. However, there are no studies to the best of our knowledge that have jointly analysed the roles of nutrition education, farm production diversity and commercialization on household, women and child dietary diversity. This article jointly analyses the role of nutrition education, farm production diversity and commercialization on household, women and children dietary diversity in Zimbabwe. In addition, we analyze separately the roles of crop and livestock diversity and individual agricultural practices on dietary diversity. Data were collected from 2,815 households randomly selected in eight districts. Negative binomial regression was used for model estimations. Nutrition education increased household, women, and child dietary diversity by 3, 9 and 24%, respectively. Farm production diversity had a strong and positive association with household and women dietary diversity. Crop diversification led to a 4 and 5% increase in household and women dietary diversity, respectively. Furthermore, livestock diversification and market participation were positively associated with household, women, and children dietary diversity. The cultivation of pulses and fruits increased household, women, and children dietary diversity. Vegetable production and goat rearing increased household and women dietary diversity. Nutrition education and improving access to markets are promising strategies to improve dietary diversity at both household and individual level. Results demonstrate the value of promoting nutrition education; farm production diversity; small livestock; pulses, vegetables and fruits; crop-livestock integration; and market access for improved nutrition.

Nutrition education, farm production diversity, and commercialization on household and individual dietary diversity in Zimbabwe

PubMed Central

Murendo, Conrad; Nhau, Brighton; Mazvimavi, Kizito; Khanye, Thamsanqa; Gwara, Simon

2018-01-01

Background Nutrition education is crucial for improved nutrition outcomes. However, there are no studies to the best of our knowledge that have jointly analysed the roles of nutrition education, farm production diversity and commercialization on household, women and child dietary diversity. Objective This article jointly analyses the role of nutrition education, farm production diversity and commercialization on household, women and children dietary diversity in Zimbabwe. In addition, we analyze separately the roles of crop and livestock diversity and individual agricultural practices on dietary diversity. Design Data were collected from 2,815 households randomly selected in eight districts. Negative binomial regression was used for model estimations. Results Nutrition education increased household, women, and child dietary diversity by 3, 9 and 24%, respectively. Farm production diversity had a strong and positive association with household and women dietary diversity. Crop diversification led to a 4 and 5% increase in household and women dietary diversity, respectively. Furthermore, livestock diversification and market participation were positively associated with household, women, and children dietary diversity. The cultivation of pulses and fruits increased household, women, and children dietary diversity. Vegetable production and goat rearing increased household and women dietary diversity. Conclusions Nutrition education and improving access to markets are promising strategies to improve dietary diversity at both household and individual level. Results demonstrate the value of promoting nutrition education; farm production diversity; small livestock; pulses, vegetables and fruits; crop-livestock integration; and market access for improved nutrition.

Valuing Production Values: A "Do It Yourself" Media Production Club

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jenson, Jennifer; Dahya, Negin; Fisher, Stephanie

2014-01-01

In this paper, we identify how and why digital media production can contribute to the active participation of children in education and also consider how much of the existing work in this area is framed as a "miraculous" answer to educational challenges without critical interrogation of either the process or product. To begin, we…

Worker Productivity: A Challenge for Voc Ed. Information Series No. 235.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clayton, Gary E.

The purpose of this paper is to assist vocational educators at all levels as they make long-range plans and policies that have an impact on vocational education programs and their relationship to worker productivity. In the first section a study of worker productivity analyzes trends and then measures and analyzes the determinants of productivity.…

Research Productivity in the "Journal of Agricultural Education" from 1996 to 2005

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harder, Amy; Goff, Sam; Roberts, T. Grady

2008-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine research productivity in the Journal of Agricultural Education from 1996 to 2005 and explain factors that contributed to that productivity. In Volumes 37 to 46, 333 articles were published. The most productive institutions were determined by frequency of the institutional affiliation of article authors. The…

Rankings matter: nurse graduates from higher-ranked institutions have higher productivity.

PubMed

Yakusheva, Olga; Weiss, Marianne

2017-02-13

Increasing demand for baccalaureate-prepared nurses has led to rapid growth in the number of baccalaureate-granting programs, and to concerns about educational quality and potential effects on productivity of the graduating nursing workforce. We examined the association of individual productivity of a baccalaureate-prepared nurse with the ranking of the degree-granting institution. For a sample of 691 nurses from general medical-surgical units at a large magnet urban hospital between 6/1/2011-12/31/2011, we conducted multivariate regression analysis of nurse productivity on the ranking of the degree-granting institution, adjusted for age, hospital tenure, gender, and unit-specific effects. Nurse productivity was coded as "top"/"average"/"bottom" based on a computation of individual nurse value-added to patient outcomes. Ranking of the baccalaureate-granting institution was derived from the US News and World Report Best Colleges Rankings' categorization of the nurse's institution as the "first tier" or the "second tier", with diploma or associate degree as the reference category. Relative to diploma or associate degree nurses, nurses who had attended first-tier universities had three-times the odds of being in the top productivity category (OR = 3.18, p < 0.001), while second-tier education had a non-significant association with productivity (OR = 1.73, p = 0.11). Being in the bottom productivity category was not associated with having a baccalaureate degree or the quality tier. The productivity boost from a nursing baccalaureate degree depends on the quality of the educational institution. Recognizing differences in educational outcomes, initiatives to build a baccalaureate-educated nursing workforce should be accompanied by improved access to high-quality educational institutions.

Determinants of sick-leave length: still limited to diagnosis elements.

PubMed

Lévy, Yvan; Denis, Angélique; Fassier, Jean-Baptiste; Kellou, Nadir; Schott, Anne-Marie; Letrilliart, Laurent

2017-12-01

Sickness certification implies that a health problem impairs ability to work. However, its assessment is seldom performed by physicians. Our objective was, therefore, to assess the specific influence of functional and environmental limitations on the length of sick-leave prescriptions. We conducted a cross-sectional study in French general teaching practices and recorded 353 initial sick-leave certifications. For each of them, the functional and environmental limitations were collected using the ATCIF questionnaire, derived from the International Classification of Functioning. Data analysis was based on a linear regression multivariate model. Among the functional limitations, "pain" was the main body function impairment (22% of impairments) and "mobility" the main activity limitation (48%). An environmental barrier was identified in 39% of sick-listed patients, mainly relating to "products and technology" (20%), which refers to workplace factors. The prescription was longer in cases of activity limitations relating to "mobility" and in cases of environmental barriers relating to "products and technology". The multivariate model explained 27% of the variability of sick-leave length through diagnosis elements and only 7% through functional and contextual elements. In sick-leave prescription, a functional and contextual approach, in addition to the traditional diagnosis-based approach, could better support patients' shared understanding and follow-up, and accountability towards health authorities. Implication for Rehabilitation Although sickness certification implies that a health problem impairs ability to work, decision on sick-leave length in general practice is primarily based on diagnosis. A more functional and contextual approach could better support patients' and other health professionals' shared understanding and follow-up, and accountability towards health authorities. Such evolution requires a change of paradigm in medical education, and the way of reasoning of healthcare professionals.

Before, after, in and beyond Teacher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garrett, H. James

2013-01-01

The author uses a trip to a Holocaust museum to explain and illustrate psychoanalytic concepts from Freud to Lacan in order to re-imagine persistent dilemmas in teacher education. The author suggests that psychoanalytic vocabularies provide an additional and productive lens to conceptualize productive possibilities in teacher education.

Understanding the Implications of Online Learning for Educational Productivity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bakia, Marianne; Shear, Linda; Toyama, Yukie; Lasseter, Austin

2012-01-01

The purpose of this report is to support educational administrators and policymakers in becoming informed consumers of information about online learning and its potential impact on educational productivity. The report provides foundational knowledge needed to examine and understand the potential contributions of online learning to educational…

Soil phosphorus - new insights into a critical cycle across many soil functions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leinweber, Peter; Zimmer, Dana

2017-04-01

The fate of phosphorus (P-) compounds in the soil - plant - water - system is linked with most soil functions such as productivity for agricultural crops, reactor for nutrient cycling, filter and buffer for water, and biodiversity. The P-compounds, mostly phosphates in a multitude of chemical bonds, may have contradicting influences on soil functions. For instance, P-concentrations may be suboptimal for crop yields but at the same time exceeding the soil filter/buffer capacity for water resources. Modern agriculture has increased this misbalance. Therefore, a better soil P management that balances all soil functions requires a deeper understanding of the P-cycling in the environment. The collaborative project "InnoSoilPhos" in the frame of the BonaRes-program of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) aims at disclosing the chemical composition, biogeochemical transformations and microbiological fundamentals of P-cycling and P-transport processes across all relevant scales from atomic to catchment and landscapes. The contribution will give an overview on the project and some examples for the latest findings on P-reactions at mineral surfaces (experimental and theoretical), microorganism diversity involved in soil P-transformations, crop yield responses to P-fertilizer regimes (including new P-recycling products) and, finally, hot spots and hot moments of P-release from soils into adjoining freshwater systems. These findings allow some preliminary demands and frame conditions for an improved soil P management to better balance the soil functions and safe the global mineable P resources.

34 CFR 489.1 - What is the Functional Literacy for State and Local Prisoners Program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What is the Functional Literacy for State and Local... (Continued) OFFICE OF VOCATIONAL AND ADULT EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FUNCTIONAL LITERACY FOR STATE AND LOCAL PRISONERS PROGRAM General § 489.1 What is the Functional Literacy for State and Local...

Functional Foods Programs Serve as a Vehicle to Provide Nutrition Education to Groups

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cirignano, Sherri M.

2011-01-01

An increase in consumer interest in functional foods provides an opportunity for FCS educators to use this topic in Extension programming to promote current nutrition recommendations. The Functional Foods for Life Educational Programs (FFL) are a curriculum of six evidence-based mini-seminars that highlight specific functional foods that have the…

Key tasks in healthcare marketing: assessing importance and current level of knowledge.

PubMed

Kennett, Pamela A; Henson, Steve W; Crow, Stephen M; Hartman, Sandra J

2005-01-01

When examining the healthcare industry, the need for continuing education in internal functions (i.e., HR management) has been documented. However, equally important to success in the healthcare industry are external functions such as marketing. In an expansion of research on internally focused functions, we report findings from an exploratory study designed to examine the perceptions of executives about managerial skill needs in the externally focused area of marketing. Specifically, we examine eight key tasks in marketing and ask executives to rate the level of knowledge required for each and then to assess current, or actual, levels of knowledge in the field. Findings suggest that pricing strategy, product strategy, and segmentation and targeting were the tasks that require the most knowledge for healthcare marketers, and that they do, in fact, perceive various gaps in all of the areas examined. Implications and suggestions for future research are provided.

Pharmaceutical counseling: Between evidence-based medicine and profits.

PubMed

Egorova, S N; Akhmetova, T

2015-01-01

The number of pharmacies, which produce drug formulations locally, has recently considerably reduced in Russia. Pharmacies mainly operate as retailers of industrially manufactured drugs.Pharmaceutical consultation of customers at pharmacies aimed at responsible self-medication is the most popular and accessible feature of pharmaceutical care. In Russia there is a significant list of medicines approved for sale in pharmacies on a non-prescription basis that is specified in the product label. In this regard, the role of pharmacists in public health in Russia increases. Pharmacist, working directly with population, is an important figure for the rational use of medicines. This type of work requires high level of professional training and appropriate ethics. To explore the current status of pharmaceutical counseling in Russia. Situation analysis, surveys of pharmacists. Our experience in the system of postgraduate professional education, the results of the survey of pharmacists, and the long-term dialogue with pharmacists allowed us to identify several unresolved issues in the work of a pharmacist selling non-prescription drugs.Lack of differentiation in the functions of a pharmacist with a higher education and pharmaceutical technologist: In production/industrial pharmacy technicians are engaged in manufacturing of pharmaceutical formulations. However, due to the loss of production functions technologists had to move away from production laboratories of apothecaries to the sales area. Currently, the apothecary's assignment to receive prescriptions and dispense medications can be fulfilled by either a pharmacist or a pharmaceutical technician. It significantly discerns the pharmacy from the medical organization with clearly delineated functions of doctors and nurses. Russian regulations should consider the level of education required for high-quality pharmaceutical counseling.Contradiction between the pharmacist's special functions and trade procedure with the lack of pharmaceutical counseling standards: Article 1.1 "Code of Ethics of the pharmaceutical worker of Russia" states: "The main task of the professional activity of the pharmaceutical worker - protection of human health", Article 1.3 states that a pharmaceutical worker must take professional decisions solely in the interests of a patient [1]. However, the pharmacy is a trade organization, thus as a retailer the pharmacy is directly interested in making profits and increasing sales of pharmaceutical products, including non-prescription medicines. Moreover, while the clinical medicine is monitored for unjustified prescribing and measures are being taken to prevent polypharmacy, for a pharmacist the growing sales of over-the-counter drugs, active promotion of dietary supplements, homeopathic medicines, medical devices, and, consequently, an increase of financial indicators (particularly "average purchase size") - all are characteristics of success [2].Rational use of over-the-counter medicines requires introduction of pharmaceutical counseling standards (pharmaceutical care) according to symptoms - major reasons to visit a pharmacy as part of responsible self-medication (cold, sore throat, headache, diarrhea, etc.). Standards of pharmaceutical counseling should be objective, reliable and up-to-date and contain recommendations for the rational use of over-the-counter drugs as well as indications requiring treatment to the doctor. Standardization of pharmaceutical counseling in terms of Evidence-based Pharmacy would enhance the efficiency, safety and cost-effectiveness of over-the-counter medicines.Currently, the lack of clinical component in the higher pharmaceutical education and the lack of approved standards of pharmaceutical counseling lead to the introduction of cross-selling technologies (which are broadly applied in other areas of trade, for example, the offer of a boot-polish during the sale of shoes) to the pharmaceutical practice [2, 3]. However, drugs belong to a special group of products, proper selection of which requires special education, and the consumer is not always able to evaluate the quality of the recommendations. Marketing cross-selling recommendations are aimed at promotion of the over-the-counter medicines for customers buying prescription drugs. For example, business coaches recommend the pharmacists to make additional offers: with the purchase of physician-prescribed antibiotics - offer of vitamins, with prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - commercially available ointment with non-steroidal topical formulation ("to enhance the effect") and others. These recommendations do not agree with evidence-based medicine and lead to inefficient use of over-the-counter drugs and unjustified financial expenses. Thus, to ensure the rational use of medicines permitted for free (non-prescription) dispensing at the pharmacies, pharmaceutical information needs standardization on the basis of evidence-based medicine as well as standardization of the pharmaceutical counseling service. The development of practical recommendations on the rational use of over-the counter medicines by doctors and pharmacists with further adoption at the state level, the recommendation of most secure, efficient and cost-effective over-the-counter medications during pharmaceutical counseling in pharmacies will contribute to the restoration and preservation of public health.

How Implementation of TQM and the Development of a Process Improvement Model, Within a Forward Support Battalion, Can Improve Preparation of the Material Condition Status Report (DA Form 2406)

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-12-01

studies for the continuing education of managers new to the TQM approach , for informing vendors of their responsibilities under a changed process, and...Department of Defense (DoD) is adopting a management approach known as Total Quality Management (TQM) in an effort to improve quality and productivity...individuals selected be highly knowledgeable about the operations in their shop or unit. The main function of PATs is to collect and summarize process data for

Higher Education R&D and Productivity Growth: An Empirical Study on High-Income OECD Countries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eid, Ashraf

2012-01-01

This paper is a macro study on higher education R&D and its impact on productivity growth. I measure the social rate of return on higher education R&D in 17 high-income OECD countries using country level data on the percentage of gross expenditure on R&D performed by higher education, business, and government sectors over the period…

The SEA of the Future: Prioritizing Productivity. Volume 2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gross, Betheny, Ed.; Jochim, Ashley, Ed.

2013-01-01

"The SEA of the Future" is an education publication series examining how state education agencies can shift from a compliance to a performance-oriented organization through strategic planning and performance management tools to meet growing demands to support education reform while improving productivity. This volume, the second in the…

Assessing extension and outreach education levels for biofuel feedstock production in the Western United States

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

A growing biofuels industry requires the development of effective methods to educate farmers, government, and agribusiness about biofuel feedstock production if the market is going to significantly expand beyond first generation biofuels. Extension and outreach education provides a conduit for impor...

Students Are Not Products. They Are Customers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mark, Eddie

2013-01-01

This paper explores and challenges the notion that postsecondary students are products of higher education, shaped and molded for the benefit of future employers. The mere suggestion that students are passive in their consumption of educational services would seem to discount the importance of their own educational identity and the broad…

Institutional Effects in a Simple Model of Educational Production

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bishop, John H.; Wobmann, Ludger

2004-01-01

This paper presents a model of educational production that tries to make sense of recent evidence on effects of institutional arrangements on student performance. In a simple principal-agent framework, students choose their learning effort to maximize their net benefits, while the government chooses educational spending to maximize its net…

Adaptive functioning and behaviour problems in relation to level of education in children and adolescents with intellectual disability.

PubMed

de Bildt, A; Sytema, S; Kraijer, D; Sparrow, S; Minderaa, R

2005-09-01

The interrelationship between adaptive functioning, behaviour problems and level of special education was studied in 186 children with IQs ranging from 61 to 70. The objective was to increase the insight into the contribution of adaptive functioning and general and autistic behaviour problems to the level of education in children with intellectual disability (ID). Children from two levels of special education in the Netherlands were compared with respect to adaptive functioning [Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS)], general behaviour problems [Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)] and autistic behaviour problems [Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC)]. The effect of behaviour problems on adaptive functioning, and the causal relationships between behaviour problems, adaptive functioning and level of education were investigated. Children in schools for mild learning problems had higher VABS scores, and lower CBCL and ABC scores. The ABC had a significant effect on the total age equivalent of the VABS in schools for severe learning problems, the CBCL in schools for mild learning problems. A direct effect of the ABC and CBCL total scores on the VABS age equivalent was found, together with a direct effect of the VABS age equivalent on level of education and therefore an indirect effect of ABC and CBCL on level of education. In the children with the highest level of mild ID, adaptive functioning seems to be the most important factor that directly influences the level of education that a child attends. Autistic and general behaviour problems directly influence the level of adaptive functioning. Especially, autistic problems seem to have such a restrictive effect on the level of adaptive functioning that children do not reach the level of education that would be expected based on IQ. Clinical implications are discussed.

How interdisciplinary teams can create multi-disciplinary education: the interplay between team processes and educational quality.

PubMed

Stalmeijer, Renee E; Gijselaers, Wim H; Wolfhagen, Ineke H A P; Harendza, Sigrid; Scherpbier, Albert J J A

2007-11-01

Many undergraduate medical education programmes offer integrated multi-disciplinary courses, which are generally developed by a team of teachers from different disciplines. Research has shown that multi-disciplinary teams may encounter problems, which can be detrimental to productive co-operation, which in turn may diminish educational quality. Because we expected that charting these problems might yield suggestions for addressing them, we examined the relationships between team diversity, team processes and course quality. We administered a questionnaire to participants from 21 interdisciplinary teams from 1 Dutch and 1 German medical school, both of which were reforming their curriculum. An adapted questionnaire on team learning behaviours, which had been validated in business contexts, was used to collect data on team processes, team learning behaviours and diversity within teams. We examined the relationship between the team factors and educational quality measures of the courses designed by the teams. A total of 84 teachers (60%) completed the questionnaire. Bivariate correlation analysis showed that several aspects of diversity, conflict, working climate and learning behaviour were correlated with course quality. The negative effects of the diversity measures, notably, value diversity, on other team processes and course quality and the positive association between psychological safety and team learning suggest that educational quality might be improved by enhancing the functioning of multi-disciplinary teams responsible for course development. The relationship between team processes and educational quality should be studied among larger study populations. Student ratings should also be considered in measuring educational quality.

Process to Product.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harrison, Gary, Ed.; Mirkes, Donna Z., Ed.

Intended for educators who direct federally funded model projects, the booklet provides a framework for special education product development. In "Making Media Decisions," G. Richman explores procedures for selecting the most appropriate medium to carry the message of a given product. The fundamental questions are addressed: what is the goal; who…

34 CFR 364.57 - What functions and responsibilities may the State delegate?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What functions and responsibilities may the State delegate? 364.57 Section 364.57 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AND REHABILITATIVE SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION STATE...

34 CFR 364.57 - What functions and responsibilities may the State delegate?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2011-07-01 2010-07-01 true What functions and responsibilities may the State delegate? 364.57 Section 364.57 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AND REHABILITATIVE SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION STATE...

Fair opportunities, social productivity and wellbeing in disability: Towards a theoretical foundation.

PubMed

Siegrist, Johannes; Fekete, Christine

2016-06-13

Theory-based approaches provide explanations of the impact of components of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) classification on outcomes such as health and wellbeing. Here, one such approach is proposed, focusing on social participation and its association with wellbeing. In addition to elaborating a theoretical approach, a narrative review of research on labour market participation of persons with severe disability, spinal cord injury, is conducted to illustrate the utility of the proposed approach. Availability and good quality of productive activities, in particular paid work, are expected to improve wellbeing by strengthening favourable experiences of personal control and social recognition. As these opportunities are restricted among persons with disabilities, conditions that enable full social participation need to be strengthened. Research identified several such conditions at the individual (e.g. coping, social support, educational skills) and the contextual socio-political level (e.g. quality of care, medical and vocational rehabilitation), although their potential of improving wellbeing has not yet been sufficiently explored. In conclusion, supplementing the established ICF classification by theory-based approaches may advance explanations of adverse effects of reduced functioning and wellbeing in disability. This new knowledge can guide the development of interventions to improve participation in general and social productivity in particular.

Instructional Media Production for Early Childhood Education: A. B. C. Jig-Saw Puzzle, a Model

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yusuf, Mudashiru Olalere; Olanrewaju, Olatayo Solomon; Soetan, Aderonke K.

2015-01-01

In this paper, a. b. c. jig-saw puzzle was produced for early childhood education using local materials. This study was a production based type of research, to serve as a supplemental or total learning resource. Its production followed four phases of development referred to as information, design, production and evaluation. The storyboard cards,…

Using social capital to construct a conceptual International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health Children and Youth version-based framework for stronger inclusive education policies in Europe.

PubMed

Maxwell, Gregor; Koutsogeorgou, Eleni

2012-02-01

Inclusive education is part of social inclusion; therefore, social capital can be linked to an inclusive education policy and practice. This association is explored in this article, and a practical measure is proposed. Specifically, the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Children and Youth Version (ICF-CY) is proposed as the link between social capital and inclusive education. By mapping participation and trust indicators of social capital to the ICF-CY and by using the Matrix to Analyse Functioning in Education Systems (MAFES) to analyze the functioning of inclusive education policies and systems, a measure for stronger inclusive education policies is proposed. Such a tool can be used for policy planning and monitoring to ensure better inclusive education environments. In conclusion, combining enhanced social capital linked to stronger inclusive education policies, by using the ICF-CY, can lead to better health and well-being for all.

Purdue University National Biomedical Tracer Facility: Project definition phase. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Green, M.A.

The proposed National Biomedical Tracer Facility (NBTF) will house a high-current accelerator dedicated to production of short-lived radionuclides for biomedical and scientific research. The NBTF will play a vital role in repairing and maintaining the United States` research infrastructure for generation of essential accelerator-based radioisotopes. If properly designed and managed, the NBTF should also achieve international recognition as a Center-of-Excellence for research on radioisotope production methods and for associated education and training. The current report documents the results of a DOE-funded NBTF Project Definition Phase study carried out to better define the technical feasibility and projected costs of establishing andmore » operating the NBTF. This report provides an overview of recommended Facility Design and Specifications, including Accelerator Design, Building Design, and the associated Construction Cost Estimates and Schedule. It is recommended that the NBTF be established as an integrated, comprehensive facility for meeting the diverse production, research, and educational missions set forth in previous documents. Based on an analysis of the projected production demands that will be placed on the NBTF, it appears that a 70 MeV, 1 mA, negative ion cyclotron will offer a good balance between production capabilities and the costs of accelerator purchase and operation. A preliminary architectural plan is presented for a facility designed specifically to fulfill the functions of the NBTF in a cost-effective manner. This report also presents a detailed analysis of the Required Federal State, and Local Permits that may be needed to establish the NBTF, along with schedules and cost estimates for obtaining these permits. The Handling, Storage, and Disposal of Radioactive Waste will pose some significant challenges in the operation of the NBTF, but at this stage of planning the associated problems do not appear to be prohibitive.« less

A Conceptual Framework for Measuring R&D Product Impact.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hull, William L.; And Others

A framework to aid in estimating the impact from educational research and development (R&D) products was developed at the National Center for Research in Vocational Education at the Ohio State University. The dimensions of the framework (product development, distribution, implementation, utilization and effects) are explained in detail. The…

Implications for Veterinary Medical Education: Preprofessional and Professional Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vaughan, J. T.

1980-01-01

The need to boost the productivity curve for production of animal protein and the demand for specialists in all areas of animal agriculture are discussed. Legislative action and academic priorities must be initiated to assume the responsibility for the control of disease, promotion of health, and efficiency of production. (MLW)

State Policies and Planning to Increase Attainment, Quality, and Productivity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lingenfelter, Paul E.

2007-01-01

This article examines why state planning and policy for higher education are increasingly focused on increasing educational attainment, quality, and the productivity of the system. It presents four "stories" which illustrate initiatives to improve attainment, quality, and productivity, but fall far short of exhausting the available material.

Education and empowerment of the nursing assistant: validating their important role in skin care and pressure ulcer prevention, and demonstrating productivity enhancement and cost savings.

PubMed

Howe, Lynn

2008-06-01

This article details an educational program designed to utilize nonlicensed personnel (certified nursing assistants [CNAs] and nursing assistants [NAs]) in the prevention of pressure ulcers and improved skin care in a 250-bed acute care facility in a suburban setting. The article is divided into 2 parts: A and B. Part A addresses the educational program, which was part of a major initiative for improving patient outcomes that included a review and standardization of skin care products and protocols. Part B addresses productivity enhancement and cost savings experienced because of changing bathing and incontinence care products and procedures. The educational program included instruction on time-saving methods for increasing productivity in bathing and incontinence care, and effectively promoted the importance of proper skin care and pressure ulcer prevention techniques. Methods incorporated into the educational training targeted different reading and comprehension levels, ranging from the use of PowerPoint slides, hands-on return demonstration, and group discussion related to pressure ulcer staging and wound treatment. These educational methods provided the participants with significant reinforcement of each day's learning objectives. Productivity enhancement and cost savings are addressed in part B, as well as the results of a time-motion study. Because of the program, CNAs/NAs were empowered in their integral caregiver roles. This program was part of a larger, major process improvement initiative, but the rate of acquired pressure ulcers declined from 2.17% in 2002 to 1.71% in 2003. This educational program was considered a contributor to the improved patient outcomes.

International Briefing 36: Training and Development in Ecuador

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ramirez-Anormaliza, Richard; Llinàs-Audet, Xavier; Sabaté, Ferran

2017-01-01

This article examines educational policies in Ecuador. It outlines the main features of the education and training systems, and analyses the impact on productivity and national development. The efforts made by various national authorities to strengthen and encourage education at all levels is evident, as well as efforts to boost productivity by…

How "Similarity" in Higher Education Can Improve Assessment Quality

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shibli, Naveed

2009-01-01

Higher education is the product of three constituents, the policy makers or government, the executors or faculty and the recipients or the students or scholars. Steadiness among different constituents in given social interaction can act as facilitating motive and it could make higher education more smooth and productive. The "steadiness"…

An Evaluation of Causal Modeling Applied to Educational Productivity in Mathematics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harnisch, Delwyn L.; Dunbar, Stephen B.

To probe a psychological theory of educational productivity, background measures along with mathematics test scores and motivational measures of over 7,000 students (9-, 13- and 17-year olds from National Assessment of Educational Progress samples) were statistically related to each other and to indicators of constructs that prior research shows…

New Fiscal Realities in Higher Education. CPRE Finance Briefs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Consortium for Policy Research in Education, New Brunswick, NJ.

This report draws from a study being conducted by William Massy and Andrea Wilger for the Consortium for Policy Research in Education (CPRE). The study examines how academic departments work in order to identify organizational incentives that can improve productivity. The brief offers some definitions of productivity in higher education and…

The SEA of the Future: Building the Productivity Infrastructure. Volume 3

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gross, Betheny, Ed.; Jochim, Ashley, Ed.

2014-01-01

"The SEA of the Future" is an education publication series examining how state education agencies can shift from a compliance to a performance-oriented organization through strategic planning and performance management tools to meet growing demands to support education reform while improving productivity. This volume, the third in the…

Proteus in a Kaleidoscope: The Educational Technologist in Open University Course Production.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gale, Janet

1980-01-01

Describes the educational technologist's work in Open University course production in terms of the work's context and the potential roles and tasks that may be assumed, and concludes that the educational technologist must continually construct and reconstruct his/her own role according to a number of sets of criteria. (Author/CMV)

The Times Higher Education Ranking Product: Visualising Excellence through Media

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stack, Michelle L.

2013-01-01

This paper will examine the Times Higher Education's (THE) World University Rankings as a corporate media product. A number of empirical studies have critiqued the methodology of the THE, yet individuals, Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and governments continue to use them for decision-making. This paper analyses the influence of…

Economic Analysis of Education: A Conceptual Framework. Theoretical Paper No. 68.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rossmiller, Richard A.; Geske, Terry G.

This paper discusses several concepts and techniques from the areas of systems theory and economic analysis that can be used as tools in an effort to improve the productivity of the educational enterprise. Several studies investigating productivity in education are reviewed, and the analytical problems in conducting cost-effectiveness studies are…

Formation of Graduates' Professional Competence in Terms of Interaction between Educational Environment and Production

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Masalimova, Alfiya R.; Ivanov, Valery G.

2016-01-01

The relevance of the professional competence creation problem declared in the article that complies with current time requirements and specialists, first of all requires facilitation of interaction of the central education chain--the educational institution, with production (that is the personnel's consumer). Thus the problem of organic…

Planning for Tomorrow: Increased Productivity through Education and Training.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stein, David; Hull, Peggy K.

At The Ohio State University Hospitals Education and Training Department, a data-based strategic planning and coordinating model is being developed to ensure that the educational mission is responsive to the trends and forces affecting the hospital unit and individual productivity. This model is being implemented in order to attempt to meet the…

Scientifically Based Research in Educational Products: Vendors and Consumers on Filling the Certification Gap

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Caruthers, Bill J.

2009-01-01

The 2002 reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, or No Child Left Behind (NCLB) changed school law in the United States. Public schools can utilize federal funds to purchase only those educational products subject to scientifically based research. No dedicated certification intermediary (CI) exists to determine individual…

Complete to Compete: From Information to Action--Revamping Higher Education Accountability Systems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reindl, Travis; Reyna, Ryan

2011-01-01

Public colleges and universities, which educate the vast majority of the nation's students, are an important part of states' economic competitiveness efforts. These institutions face a number of pressures that will demand increased productivity and a data driven investment strategy moving forward. Increasing productivity in higher education will…

Consensus recommendations for cancer rehabilitation: research and education priorities

PubMed Central

McEwen, S.; Egan, M.; Chasen, M.; Fitch, M.

2013-01-01

As cancer survivorship increases, there is a need for additional and more complex rehabilitation services. The Partners in Cancer Rehabilitation Research group held a 3-day invitational working meeting aimed at defining the state of the science in cancer rehabilitation research and identifying key areas for development of research and education. In May 2012, 29 participants gathered to present their current work, review a synthesis of the current literature, generate ideas about research and education gaps, and develop consensus on priority areas. The conclusion of the meeting was that a main research priority is to develop and test personalized rehabilitation interventions and brief measures to identify the presence and severity of disabling sequelae. The education consensus statement concluded that a clear description of cancer rehabilitation and its mandate should be developed as a precursor to education activities, including both a conceptualization of complex interdisciplinary rehabilitation and the roles of individual professions, and further, that there is a great need to increase awareness among health professionals, patients, and families of the need for and general effectiveness of cancer rehabilitation. Numerous specific recommendations were also put forward, and it is hoped that those recommendations will provide the foundation for a new and productive era of research and will play a role in the improvement of functional health and participation outcomes for cancer survivors.

Occupational characteristics of adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury.

PubMed

Hwang, Miriam; Zebracki, Kathy; Vogel, Lawrence C

2015-01-01

Employment rates among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) are lower than in the general population and little is known about the specific occupations in which they are employed. To describe specific occupations of adults with pediatric-onset SCI using the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system and to determine associations between SOC occupations and demographic factors. Cross-sectional data specific to education and employment were collected from the last interviews of a larger longitudinal study. Occupations were categorized according to the 2010 SOC system. SOC groups were compared within gender level of injury and final education. Of the 461 total participants 219 (47.5%) were employed and specific occupations were available for 179. Among the SOC groups Education Law Community Service Arts and Media Occupations were most prevalent (30.2%) followed by Management Business and Finance Occupations (21.1%) Computer Engineering and Science Occupations (10.6%) Administrative and Office Support Occupations (10.0%) Service Occupations (7.3%) Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations (3.9%) and Production Occupations (3.4%). Differences were found in the distribution of SOC groups between gender levels of injury and final education groups. A wide variety of occupations were reported in adults with pediatric-onset SCI generally in concordance with final education and functional ability levels.

Occupational Characteristics of Adults with Pediatric-Onset Spinal Cord Injury

PubMed Central

Zebracki, Kathy; Vogel, Lawrence C.

2015-01-01

Background: Employment rates among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) are lower than in the general population and little is known about the specific occupations in which they are employed. Objectives: To describe specific occupations of adults with pediatric-onset SCI using the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system and to determine associations between SOC occupations and demographic factors. Methods: Cross-sectional data specific to education and employment were collected from the last interviews of a larger longitudinal study. Occupations were categorized according to the 2010 SOC system. SOC groups were compared within gender level of injury and final education. Results: Of the 461 total participants 219 (47.5%) were employed and specific occupations were available for 179. Among the SOC groups Education Law Community Service Arts and Media Occupations were most prevalent (30.2%) followed by Management Business and Finance Occupations (21.1%) Computer Engineering and Science Occupations (10.6%) Administrative and Office Support Occupations (10.0%) Service Occupations (7.3%) Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations (3.9%) and Production Occupations (3.4%). Differences were found in the distribution of SOC groups between gender levels of injury and final education groups. Conclusion: A wide variety of occupations were reported in adults with pediatric-onset SCI generally in concordance with final education and functional ability levels. PMID:25762856

Moral Education and Values Education in Curriculum Reform in China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Xiaoman, Zhu

2006-01-01

In the new curriculum reform in China, moral education and values education have been defined from the angles of the integrity and conformity of curriculum functions. Accordingly, a new education concept based on complete/integral curriculum functions is established. By discussing the essences of the curriculum, the basis of moral and values…

34 CFR 33.14 - Separation of functions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Separation of functions. 33.14 Section 33.14 Education Office of the Secretary, Department of Education PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT § 33.14 Separation of functions. (a) The investigating official, the reviewing official, and any employee or agent of the...

34 CFR 97.108 - IRB functions and operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false IRB functions and operations. 97.108 Section 97.108 Education Office of the Secretary, Department of Education PROTECTION OF HUMAN SUBJECTS Federal Policy for... IRB functions and operations. In order to fulfill the requirements of this policy each IRB shall: (a...

Leadership and Its Functions in Further and Higher Education. Mendip Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marsh, D. T.

This paper examines the nature and function of leadership in the management of postsecondary educational institutions. It explains the need for studying educational leadership and reviews various theories on the nature of leadership. These include the trait, situational, social influence, functional (or action-centered), contingency, contextual,…

The effect of sexual health education program on women sexual function in Iran.

PubMed

Behboodi Moghadam, Zahra; Rezaei, Elham; Khaleghi Yalegonbadi, Fariba; Montazeri, Ali; Arzaqi, Syed Masood; Tavakol, Zeinab; Yari, Fatemeh

2015-01-01

Sexual dysfunction is the most common disorder in women. According to the WHO, sexual education programs are considered as a need. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effect of educational program on sexual function in women with sexual dysfunction. This randomized trial, was conducted in 2013 on 90 married women by convenient sampling in Qazvin, central Iran. The demographic, Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaires were completed during structured interviews. After completing the sample size, subjects were divided randomly into two groups by using the table of random numbers (educational and control groups), then respectively received an educational intervention in the four sessions with one week interval and routine program offered by the center and following-up was done with refilling questionnaires 8 weeks after intervention. Sexual function improved after sex educational programs in all dimensions (sexual desire (P=0.006), sexual exciting (P=0.006), vaginal moisture (P=0.002), sexual satisfaction (P=0.011), and total score of sexual function (P=0.001). Considering the importance role of sexual function in family strength, health, and development, it can be claimed that educational sex programs can help practitioners to improve sexual function of married women with sexual dysfunction.

34 CFR 99.60 - What functions has the Secretary delegated to the Office and to the Office of Administrative Law...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What functions has the Secretary delegated to the Office and to the Office of Administrative Law Judges? 99.60 Section 99.60 Education Office of the Secretary, Department of Education FAMILY EDUCATIONAL RIGHTS AND PRIVACY What Are the Enforcement Procedures? § 99.60 What functions has the Secretary...

Formal Education Level Versus Self-Rated Literacy as Predictors of Cognitive Aging

PubMed Central

Shrira, Amit; Palgi, Yuval; Spalter, Tal; Ben-Ezra, Menachem; Shmotkin, Dov

2012-01-01

Objectives. To compare the prediction of cognitive functioning by formal education and self-rated literacy and the differences in prediction across younger and older cohorts. Method. Data on 28,535 respondents were drawn from a cross-sectional representative sample of community-dwelling older individuals (≥50), participating in the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe. Education level was classified according to the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 (ISCED-1997) self-rated literacy was determined by having respondents rate their reading and writing on 1–5 scales. Cognitive functioning was measured by verbal recall, word fluency, and arithmetic ability. Results. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that self-rated literacy was more strongly associated with cognitive functioning than was education level, with or without additional exogenous variables (age, sex, household income, medical conditions, activities of daily living, reading eyesight, and country). The association between education level and cognitive functioning was weaker in older than in younger age groups, whereas the association between self-rated literacy and cognitive functioning showed the opposite trend. Discussion. Self-rated literacy was found to be a better predictor of late-life cognitive functioning than was the level of formal education. The results have implications for studies of age-related differences in which education level is taken into account. PMID:22421808

Formal education level versus self-rated literacy as predictors of cognitive aging.

PubMed

Kavé, Gitit; Shrira, Amit; Palgi, Yuval; Spalter, Tal; Ben-Ezra, Menachem; Shmotkin, Dov

2012-11-01

To compare the prediction of cognitive functioning by formal education and self-rated literacy and the differences in prediction across younger and older cohorts. Data on 28,535 respondents were drawn from a cross-sectional representative sample of community-dwelling older individuals (≥50), participating in the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe. Education level was classified according to the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 (ISCED-1997) self-rated literacy was determined by having respondents rate their reading and writing on 1-5 scales. Cognitive functioning was measured by verbal recall, word fluency, and arithmetic ability. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that self-rated literacy was more strongly associated with cognitive functioning than was education level, with or without additional exogenous variables (age, sex, household income, medical conditions, activities of daily living, reading eyesight, and country). The association between education level and cognitive functioning was weaker in older than in younger age groups, whereas the association between self-rated literacy and cognitive functioning showed the opposite trend. Self-rated literacy was found to be a better predictor of late-life cognitive functioning than was the level of formal education. The results have implications for studies of age-related differences in which education level is taken into account.

Bringing Planetary Data into Learning Environments: A Community Effort

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shipp, S.; Higbie, M.; Lowes, L.

2005-12-01

Recognizing the need to communicate scientific findings, and the power of using real planetary data in educational settings to engage students in Earth and space science in meaningful ways, the South Central Organization of Researchers and Educators and the Solar System Exploration Education Forum, part of NASA's Science Mission Directorate's Support Network, have established the Planetary Data in Education (PDE) Initiative. The Initiative strives to: 1) Establish a collaborative community of educators, education specialists, curriculum developers, tool developers, learning technologists, scientists, and data providers to design and develop educationally appropriate products; 2) Build awareness in the broader educational and scientific community of existing programs, products, and resources; 3) Address issues hindering the effective use of planetary data in formal and informal educational settings; and 4) Encourage partnerships that leverage the community's expertise The PDE community has hosted two conferences exploring issues in using data in educational settings. The community recognizes that data are available through venues such as the Planetary Data Systems (PDS), but not in a format that the end-user in a formal or informal educational setting can digest; these data are intended for the scientific audience. Development of meaningful educational programs using planetary data requires design of appropriate learner interfaces and involvement of data providers, product developers, learning technologists, scientists, and educators. The PDE community will participate in the development of Earth Exploration Toolbooks during the DLESE Data Services Workshop and will host a workshop in the summer of 2006 to bring together small groups of educators, data providers, and learning technologists, and scientists to design and develop products that bring planetary data into educational settings. In addition, the PDE community hosts a Web site that presents elements identified as needed by the community, including examples of planetary data use in education, recommendations for program development, links to data providers, opportunities for collaboration, pertinent research, and a Web portal to access educational resources using planetary data on the DLESE Web site.

AgBase: supporting functional modeling in agricultural organisms

PubMed Central

McCarthy, Fiona M.; Gresham, Cathy R.; Buza, Teresia J.; Chouvarine, Philippe; Pillai, Lakshmi R.; Kumar, Ranjit; Ozkan, Seval; Wang, Hui; Manda, Prashanti; Arick, Tony; Bridges, Susan M.; Burgess, Shane C.

2011-01-01

AgBase (http://www.agbase.msstate.edu/) provides resources to facilitate modeling of functional genomics data and structural and functional annotation of agriculturally important animal, plant, microbe and parasite genomes. The website is redesigned to improve accessibility and ease of use, including improved search capabilities. Expanded capabilities include new dedicated pages for horse, cat, dog, cotton, rice and soybean. We currently provide 590 240 Gene Ontology (GO) annotations to 105 454 gene products in 64 different species, including GO annotations linked to transcripts represented on agricultural microarrays. For many of these arrays, this provides the only functional annotation available. GO annotations are available for download and we provide comprehensive, species-specific GO annotation files for 18 different organisms. The tools available at AgBase have been expanded and several existing tools improved based upon user feedback. One of seven new tools available at AgBase, GOModeler, supports hypothesis testing from functional genomics data. We host several associated databases and provide genome browsers for three agricultural pathogens. Moreover, we provide comprehensive training resources (including worked examples and tutorials) via links to Educational Resources at the AgBase website. PMID:21075795

Streamlining environmental product declarations: a stage model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lefebvre, Elisabeth; Lefebvre, Louis A.; Talbot, Stephane; Le Hen, Gael

2001-02-01

General public environmental awareness and education is increasing, therefore stimulating the demand for reliable, objective and comparable information about products' environmental performances. The recently published standard series ISO 14040 and ISO 14025 are normalizing the preparation of Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) containing comprehensive information relevant to a product's environmental impact during its life cycle. So far, only a few environmentally leading manufacturing organizations have experimented the preparation of EPDs (mostly from Europe), demonstrating its great potential as a marketing weapon. However the preparation of EPDs is a complex process, requiring collection and analysis of massive amounts of information coming from disparate sources (suppliers, sub-contractors, etc.). In a foreseeable future, the streamlining of the EPD preparation process will require product manufacturers to adapt their information systems (ERP, MES, SCADA) in order to make them capable of gathering, and transmitting the appropriate environmental information. It also requires strong functional integration all along the product supply chain in order to ensure that all the information is made available in a standardized and timely manner. The goal of the present paper is two fold: first to propose a transitional model towards green supply chain management and EPD preparation; second to identify key technologies and methodologies allowing to streamline the EPD process and subsequently the transition toward sustainable product development

Barriers to education in cardiac rehabilitation within an Iranian society: a qualitative descriptive study.

PubMed

Alavi, Mousa; Irajpour, Alireza; Giles, Tracey; Rabiei, Katayoun; Sarrafzadegan, Nizal

2013-06-01

Cardiac rehabilitation programmes that include patient education aim to maximise physical, psychological and social functioning, and enable people with acute coronary syndrome to lead fulfilling and productive lives. Despite strong evidence for the benefits of patient education, various barriers exist that need to be addressed to ensure the effective delivery of care. This study explores patients/family members and health professionals' perceptions and experiences of the barriers to cardiac rehabilitation education in an Iranian context. A thematic analysis of in-depth interviews was undertaken using a constant comparative approach. Participants (10 health professionals, 15 patients/family members) were recruited from educational-medical centers and hospitals in Iran. Credibility and trustworthiness were grounded on four aspects: factual value, applicability, consistency and neutrality. Five major barriers to cardiac rehabilitation were identified relating to human resources, service provision, available educational services, unfavourable attitudes and collaboration gaps. Two main challenges exist to the provision of effective patient education; inadequate human resources in the hospital wards, specifically in terms of trained health care professionals and service users specific health related views and behaviours. Barriers to comprehensive patient education and cardiac rehabilitation in Iran must be addressed and urgent consideration should be given to the introduction and evaluation of education programmes to prepare health/support system professionals as well as service users, and cardiac rehabilitation services that employ a collaborative and individualised approach. This in turn may reduce the burden of CVD and improve the overall health and quality of life for people in Isfahan Iran.

Some Aspects in Photogrammetry Education at the Department of Geodesy and Cadastre of the VGTU

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ruzgienė, Birutė

2008-03-01

The education in photogrammetry is very important when applying photogrammetric methods for the terrain mapping purposes, for spatial data modelling, solving engineering tasks, measuring of architectural monuments etc. During the time the traditional photogrammetric technologies have been changing to modern fully digital photogrammetric workflow. The number of potential users of the photogrammetric methods tends to increase, because of high-degree automation in photographs (images) processing. The main subjects in Photogrammetry (particularly in Digital Photogrammetry) educational process are discussed. Different methods and digital systems are demonstrated with the examples of aerial photogrammetry products. The main objective is to search the possibilities for training in the photogrammetric measurements. Special attention is paid to the stereo plotting from aerial photography applying modified for teaching analytical technology. The integration of functionality of Digital Photogrammetric Systems and Digital Image Processing is analysed as well with an intention of extending the application areas and possibilities for usage of modern technologies in urban mapping and land cadastre. The practical presentation of photos geometry restitution is implemented as significant part of the studies. The interactive teaching for main photogrammetric procedures and controlling systems are highly desirable that without any doubt improve the quality of educational process.

Perception and understanding of health claims on milk powder for children: A focus group study among mothers in Indonesia, Singapore and Thailand.

PubMed

Tan, Karin Y M; van der Beek, Eline M; Kuznesof, Sharron A; Seal, Chris J

2016-10-01

Health claim regulations and guidelines on food products have been established in some Southeast Asia (SEA) countries. Health claims on food products aim to help consumers make informed food choices to achieve a healthy diet. This study aimed to investigate the perception and understanding of health claims and the associated regulatory frameworks of SEA mothers using semi-structured focus groups conducted in Indonesia, Singapore and Thailand. Milk powder for children for three years and above was used as product focus. The mothers recognised and recalled some specific nutrients and food constituents by name but lacked full understanding of their function. The findings indicated that the mothers in all three countries trusted health claims made on the products which was, in part, explained by their trust in their governments and the international brand manufacturers. Their understanding of health claims was influenced by several factors such as their familiarity of the nutrient, previous knowledge of the nutrients, the perceived relevance of the nutrient, the use of scientific terms, the choice of words, and also the phrasing and length of the claims. Consumer education efforts via Public, Private Partnerships could be an approach to educate SEA consumers and help them to better understand health claims. The findings of this study may be relevant to different stakeholders such as local regulatory bodies, policy makers, food industry, academia and non-profit organisations that aim to effectively communicate health claims. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Getting Planetary Data into the Hands of Educators: Recommendations from a Community Discussion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shipp, S.; Lowes, L.; Hammon, A.; Higbie, M.; Klug, S.; Lindstrom, M.; Stockman, S.; Wise, J.

2004-12-01

In March 2004 a community of approximately 60 researchers, formal and informal education specialists, classroom educators, data archivists, and educational product developers came together for a day-long conference to discuss the challenges in bringing planetary data into the classroom. The conference was hosted by the Solar System Exploration Education Forum and the South Central Organization of Researchers and Educators of NASA's Office of Space Science Support Network. The workshop was intended to: initiate a dialog among those interested in identifying paths for bringing planetary data to educators; better understand key challenges facing educators who are working with planetary data and issues with gaining access to data; identify common aspects of success of programs and products developed to make data accessible in educational venues; and finally, identify the remaining challenges and make recommendations for how the community should move forward to bring these data into the classroom. Presentations by researchers and educational specialists encompassed the facilitation of accessing data, effective use of data in the classroom, availability of data for use by the educational community, and paths for accessing and using mission data. Panel discussions explored the experiences of researchers, educators, and product developers in creating and implementing programs and products and the challenges remaining for integrating planetary data into educational environments. Discussion among participants resulted in a series of recommendations for the development and implementation of successful programs, including: 1) the intended audience should play an active role in the design and development process; 2) program and product implementation should incorporate adequate training and support for intended users; 3) data access needs to be made easier, perhaps requiring the filtering of raw data and new user interfaces; 4) product developers should present data within the context of a lesson or an exploration that is appropriate for the age level, with ties to standards, assessments, and connections to other disciplines such as language arts and math to ease the time burden on the classroom educator; 5) data need to be accessible within a broad context of important scientific questions and understanding; and 6) the potential community involved in the educational use of planetary data is large -- resources such as master-teachers, museums, pre-service faculty, minority organizations, amateur astronomers and others should be involved and leveraged. The complete list of recommendations, presentations, and participants can be found at (http://www.lpi.usra.edu/score). This conference was intended to initiate community dialog on the use of planetary data in the classroom. Future conferences and workshops are planned to continue the discussion of issues and challenges.

Space Science Education Resource Directory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Christian, C. A.; Scollick, K.

The Office of Space Science (OSS) of NASA supports educational programs as a by-product of the research it funds through missions and investigative programs. A rich suite of resources for public use is available including multimedia materials, online resources, hardcopies and other items. The OSS supported creation of a resource catalog through a group lead by individuals at STScI that ultimately will provide an easy-to-use and user-friendly search capability to access products. This paper describes the underlying architecture of that catalog, including the challenge to develop a system for characterizing education products through appropriate metadata. The system must also be meaningful to a large clientele including educators, scientists, students, and informal science educators. An additional goal was to seamlessly exchange data with existing federally supported educational systems as well as local systems. The goals, requirements, and standards for the catalog will be presented to illuminate the rationale for the implementation ultimately adopted.

Education Journals and Newsletters, 1987-88. Revised.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderson, Deborah J., Ed.; Moore, John L., Ed.

Compiled for educators, product developers, researchers, librarians, publishers, consultants, and others interested in the educational field, this directory lists 412 periodicals covering education and related topics such as special education, educational technologies, educational media and materials, early childhood development, rehabilitation…

Educational gradients in the use of electronic cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco products in Japan

PubMed Central

Miyazaki, Yuki

2018-01-01

Objectives In addition to electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), tobacco companies have recently begun to sell heat-not-burn tobacco products, Ploom and iQOS in Japan. Previous research has reported an inverse association between combustible cigarette smoking and educational attainment, but little is known about the association for e-cigarettes, especially heat-not-burn tobacco products. Our objective was to analyze the relationship between educational attainment and e-cigarette and heat-not-burn tobacco use. Setting An internet survey (randomly sampled research agency panelists) in Japan. Participants A total of 7338 respondents aged 18–69 years in 2015 (3632 men and 3706women). Primary measures Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of educational attainment for current smoking (combustible cigarettes), e-cigarette ever-use, and heat-not-burn ever-use were calculated by multivariable logistic regression models using covariates including socio-demographic factors. Stratified analyses according to smoking status (combustible cigarettes) were additionally performed for e-cigarette ever-use and heat-not-burn tobacco product ever-use. Results Associations between educational attainment and e-cigarette ever-use or heat-not-burn tobacco ever-use are not straightforward, although these associations are not statistically significant except for one cell. For example, using "graduate school" education as a reference category, adjusted ORs for "high school" were 1.44 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85–2.44) for e-cigarettes ever-use and 0.75 (95% CI:0.19–2.97) for heat-not-burn tobacco product ever-use. Among current smokers, compared with “graduate school” (reference), those with lower educational attainment showed 0.6 to 0.7 ORs for e-cigarette ever-use: e.g.,"4-year university"(OR = 0.54, 95% CI:0.24–1.24) and "high school" (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.30–1.60). Among former smokers, lower education indicated higher ORs for both e-cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco ever-use. Conclusions This study provides baseline information on educational gradients of e-cigarette and heat-not-burn tobacco products, ever-use. As heat-not-burn tobacco products are increasing their market share in Japan, continuous monitoring of these products will be necessary. PMID:29329351

25 CFR 33.7 - Implementing procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... involved with the provisions of education services by the Bureau of Indian Affairs. (b) The Director... OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION TRANSFER OF INDIAN EDUCATION FUNCTIONS § 33.7... Indian education functions from the jurisdiction of Agency Superintendents and Area Office Directors to...

25 CFR 33.7 - Implementing procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... involved with the provisions of education services by the Bureau of Indian Affairs. (b) The Director... OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION TRANSFER OF INDIAN EDUCATION FUNCTIONS § 33.7... Indian education functions from the jurisdiction of Agency Superintendents and Area Office Directors to...

Effects of race and socioeconomic status on the relative influence of education and literacy on cognitive functioning.

PubMed

Dotson, Vonetta M; Kitner-Triolo, Melissa H; Evans, Michele K; Zonderman, Alan B

2009-07-01

Previous research has shown that reading ability is a stronger predictor of cognitive functioning than years of education, particularly for African Americans. The current study was designed to determine whether the relative influence of literacy and education on cognitive abilities varies as a function of race or socioeconomic status (SES). We examined the unique influence of education and reading scores on a range of cognitive tests in low- and higher-SES African Americans and Whites. Literacy significantly predicted scores on all but one cognitive measure in both African American groups and low-SES Whites, while education was not significantly associated with any cognitive measure. In contrast, both education and reading scores predicted performance on many cognitive measures in higher-SES Whites. These findings provide further evidence that reading ability better predicts cognitive functioning than years of education and suggest that disadvantages associated with racial minority status and low SES affect the relative influence of literacy and years of education on cognition.

Resources for the Implementation of a Productivity Analysis in Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Salter, Ruth

One of the most critical elements in the adaptation of productivity analysis to education is the adequacy of the instruments for measuring program output or achievement. Various aspects of standardized test construction make them less than desirable measures of productivity. The Test Development Notebook which the New York State Department of…

Factors Associated with Research Productivity among Oral Healthcare Educators in an Asian University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bay, Bernardo E., Jr.; Clerigo, Maria Eloisa C.

2013-01-01

Research writing confidence and organizational support toward research activities are two essential factors that may affect research productivity among higher educational institutions. This study investigated the possible relationships of these two factors to research productivity among faculty members of the College of Dentistry at Lyceum of the…

Key Authors in Business and Management Education Research: Productivity, Topics, and Future Directions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arbaugh, J. B.; Asarta, Carlos J.; Hwang, Alvin; Fornaciari, Charles J.; Bento, Regina F.; Dean, Kathy Lund

2017-01-01

Previous studies of author productivity in business and management education (BME) research have focused on single disciplinary areas, and even single journals. This study is the first to examine the productivity of BME scholars across multiple disciplinary areas (i.e., accounting, economics, finance, information systems, management, marketing,…

Lost in Production: The Erasure of the Teacher Educator in Australian University Job Advertisements

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nuttall, Joce; Brennan, Marie; Zipin, Lew; Tuinamuana, Katarina; Cameron, Leanne

2013-01-01

This paper seeks to understand how persistent categories of written language in institutional texts support the cultural-historical production and re-production of teacher educators as kinds of academic workers in Australia. Fifty-seven job advertisements and allied materials produced by Australian universities were downloaded across a seven-month…

Research on the Use of Educational Products: (4) Marketing Research: At What Prices?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosenau, Fred S.

The production and distribution of educational materials developed by researchers is considered. The current practice of turning over federally or foundation funded products to commercial producers raises the question of pricing policies of these firms as compared to the policies of nonprofit development agencies. Comparative costs of producing…

Advisory Relationship as a Moderator between Research Self-Efficacy, Motivation, and Productivity among Counselor Education Doctoral Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kuo, Patty Beyrong; Woo, Hongryun; Bang, Na Mi

2017-01-01

The authors examined the relationship between research self-efficacy, motivation, and productivity, as well as advisory relationship as a moderator, among 190 counselor education doctoral students. Research self-efficacy and motivation predicted productivity. Advisory relationship moderated the relationship between intrinsic and failure avoidance…

Effect of Total Quality Management on the Quality and Productivity of Human Resources

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Siregar, I.; Nasution, A. A.; Sari, R. M.

2017-03-01

Human resources is the main factor in improving company performance not only in industrial products but also services. Therefore, all of the organization performers involved must work together to achieve product quality services expected by consumers. Educational institutions are the service industries which are educators and instructor involved in it. Quality of product and services produced depends on the education organization performers. This study did a survey of instructors in public and private universities in North Sumatra to obtain the factors that affect quality of human resources and productivity of human resources. Human resources quality is viewed by the elements of TQM. TQM elements that are discussed in this study are leadership, communication, training and education, support structure, measurement and reward and recognition. The results of this study showed a correlation numbers across the exogenous variables on endogenous variables relationships tend to be strong and be positive. In addition, elements of TQM are discussed except the support structure which has a direct influence on the quality of human resources. Variable leadership, reward and recognition and quality of human resources have a significant effect on productivity.

34 CFR 200.82 - Use of program funds for unique program function costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Use of program funds for unique program function costs. 200.82 Section 200.82 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education OFFICE OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION TITLE I-IMPROVING THE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF THE...

Reform Higher Education with Capitalism? Doing Good and Making Money at the For-Profit Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berg, Gary A.

2005-01-01

For a business-person, the argument that making a profit leads to poor "product" quality would seem silly or worse, insulting. However, this is a common assumption in higher education. Similarly, increasing productivity (a typical business goal) has never been accepted as a worthy aspiration in higher education. In traditional…

Teorizando acerca del Conocimiento Productivo para Entender la Educacion Teorico Profesional (Theorizing about Productive Knowledge To Understand Professional Technical Education).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hidalgo, Abelardo Castro; Carrasco, Decler Martinez

2000-01-01

States that, internationally, Professional Technical Education emerges as a method of providing educational solutions for poor sectors of the population. Cites University of Chalmer (Sweden) and University of Bio-Bio (Chile) as institutions transformed into technological universities. Discusses what is productive knowledge and conditions under…

Labor Market Participation, Returns to Education, and Male-Female Wage Differences in Peru.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Khandker, Shahidur R.

Based on a human capital model, this paper uses household survey data from Peru to estimate differences between males and females in labor-market participation, productivity (measured in wages), and economic returns to education. The focus is on human capital, especially education, as a determinant of labor participation and productivity. The…

Education and Knowledge Production in Workers' Struggles: Learning to Resist, Learning from Resistance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Choudry, Aziz; Bleakney, David

2013-01-01

Trade unions and other sites of community-labour organizing such as workers centres are rich, yet contested spaces of education and knowledge production in which both non-formal and informal / incidental forms of learning occur. Putting forward a critique of dominant strands of worker education, the authors ask what spaces exist for social…

Evaluating How Education Faculty Spend Their Time at a Private Research University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Michelle Silver

2012-01-01

Defining and measuring faculty productivity are among the most central issues for quality and accountability in higher education today, and it is the subject this study seeks to illuminate. This study first examines how the productivity of faculty in the School of Education at a private university differ according to different faculty…

Knowledge Production beyond Local and National Blindspots: Remedying Professional Ocularcentrism of Diversity in Music Teacher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Westerlund, Heidi; Karlsen, Sidsel

2017-01-01

In this article, we argue that mainstream discourses of diversity in music education are ocularcentric; that is, they provide a one-sided way of understanding diversity that has prevented music educators from seeing our biases. In remedying these local and national professional blindspots, we propose transnational knowledge production, which we…

Bricks without Straw: The Sorry State of American Legal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rounds, Charles E., Jr.

2011-01-01

While many law students and recent grads have come to feel that legal education is an expensive waste of time now that the job market for lawyers has collapsed, some seasoned law practitioners have their own concerns about the worth of a legal education. Their concerns, however, relate to product quality rather than product marketability.…

Recommended Standards: Common to All Programs; Specific to Production Agriculture, Secondary; Specific to Adult Education for Quality Agriculture/Agribusiness Programs in Kansas.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kansas State Univ., Manhattan. Dept. of Adult and Occupational Education.

This document contains recommended standards for quality vocational programs in agricultural/agribusiness education which are divided into (1) standards common to all programs, (2) standards specific to adult education in agriculture/agribusiness, and (3) standards specific to production agriculture, secondary. The sixty common standards are…

Competencies for Production, Search, Diffusion and Mobilization of Open Educational Resources

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

García-López, Ramona-Imelda; Salazar, Omar Cuevas; Ramírez-Montoya, María-Soledad; Tenorio-Sepúlveda, Gloria-Concepción

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the achievement of competencies for production, search, diffusion and open educational resources through a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC). The development of this project required the participation of 10 institutions of higher education in Mexico*, as well as financial support from the National System of…

The Social Market Model and Higher Education: The Survival of the Richest

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McKernan, Jim

2005-01-01

This article addresses the increasing encroachment of technical rationality in higher education, in the form of the Social Market Model (SMM) ideology. Such a situation is leading to an erosion of liberal education values and has resulted in a consumption production technology which treats colleges as production units. This assault on academic…

Effective Communication for the Present and Into the Millenium

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Heard, Pamala D.

1999-01-01

This research is related to educational technology, in the Education Programs Department. I will be exploring the NASA/Marshall Alumni Web Page (ALEX) and NASA/MSFC Education Programs Department Home Page. My research will focus on established goals and objectives. I will investigate ways in which the Education Programs Department can better utilize their products, for its internal and external customers. The strengths and weakness of each project will be examined. The customers needs are examined in an attempt to determine the most effective approach needed to utilize these educational products.

The effects of a home-visiting discharge education on maternal self-esteem, maternal attachment, postpartum depression and family function in the mothers of NICU infants.

PubMed

Ahn, Young-Mee; Kim, Mi-Ran

2004-12-01

A quasi-experimental study was performed to investigate the effects of a home visiting discharge education program on the maternal self-esteem, attachment, postpartum depression and family function in 35 mothers of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants. Twenty-three mothers in the intervention group received the home visiting discharge education while 12 mothers in the control group received the routine, hospital discharge education. Baseline data was collected in both groups one day after delivery. The intervention group received the home visiting discharge education while the control group did the routine hospital-based discharge education. The questionnaire including the data on maternal self-esteem, attachment, postpartum depression and family function were collected within 1 week after the discharge by mail. The scores of maternal self-esteem, and attachment were significantly increased, and the postpartum depression and the family function score were decreased after the home visiting discharge education in intervention group. There were no changes in these variables before and after the routine hospital-based discharge education in control group. These results support the beneficial effects of home visiting discharge education on the maternal role adaptation and family function of the mothers of NICU infants.

Product and Production System Design. Grade 11-12. Course #8175 (Semester). Technology Education Course Guide. Industrial Arts/Technology Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Carolina State Dept. of Public Instruction, Raleigh. Div. of Vocational Education.

This guide is intended for use in teaching a course in the sequential tasks that change a designer's idea into a completed product. Emphasis is placed on the design of a product and the manufacturing system needed to produce it. The first two sections discuss the guide's development within the framework of North Carolina's efforts to improve…

Natural Products for Cancer Prevention: Clinical Update 2016.

PubMed

Sanders, Kathleen; Moran, Zelda; Shi, Zaixing; Paul, Rachel; Greenlee, Heather

2016-08-01

To present a clinical update of natural products for cancer prevention and provide oncology nurses with an evidence-based review of natural products for patient counseling and education. Clinical trials published in PubMed. In the past 4 years since the publication of the original review there have been minimal changes in the conclusions of the published literature on the use of natural products for cancer prevention. To date, clinical trials have not demonstrated conclusive benefit of using natural products for cancer prevention, and current guidelines do not recommend their use. This review provides an update on published and ongoing trials and can serve as an updated resource for nurses. Evidence-based natural products databases can help nurses stay current with the scientific literature and be effective educators and health coaches for their patients, who can be influenced by marketing of unregulated products. Patients often discuss the use of natural products with nurses. Nurses have an opportunity to educate and coach patients in effective preventive lifestyle practices. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Imagery associated with menstruation in advertising targeted to adolescent women.

PubMed

Havens, B; Swenson, I

1988-01-01

Education about menstruation is not restricted to school instruction or information provided by adults and peers; exposure to advertisements in teen media provides imagery depicting menstruation and feminine role expectations. This paper analyzes the imagery in advertisements for sanitary products and products for the relief of menstrual symptoms. A 25% random sample of Seventeen magazine issues from 1976 to 1986 stratified by year were reviewed. A total of 135 ads for sanitary products and 32 ads for products for the relief of menstrual discomfort were analyzed. Each ad was examined for recurrent themes in text, context and tone. Data collected were examined for similarities in themes across both product type and time. The ads depict menstruation as a "hygienic crisis" that is best managed by an effective "security system" affording protection and "peace of mind." The failure of adequate protection places the woman at risk for soiling, staining, embarrassment and odor. Menstruating women are depicted as dynamic, energetic and always functioning at their optimal level. Such imagery may encourage guilt and diminished self-esteem in the adolescent who experiences discomfort. A lack of maternal, teacher or male figures in the ads is evident; the importance of peer support is reinforced.

Relationship of executive function and educational status with functional balance in older adults.

PubMed

Voos, Mariana Callil; Custódio, Elaine Bazilio; Malaquias, Joel

2011-01-01

The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) is frequently used to assess functional balance in older adults. The relationship of executive function and level of education with the BBS performance has not been described. The aim of this study was to determine whether (1) the performance on a task requiring executive function (part B of the Trail Making Test, TMT-B) influences results of motor and cognitive tests and (2) the number of years of formal education could be related to performance on BBS in older adults. We also explored whether there would be differences, based on performance on TMT-B (high vs low) in motor function (BBS, the timed up and go [TUG]) or cognitive function (TMT-A and TMTDELTA), the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), as well as years of education. Participants included 101 older adults (age range, 60-80 years) residing in São Paulo, Brazil. Functional balance was assessed using BBS and TUG. Executive function was assessed using the TMT and MMSE. Educational status was determined by self-report of participant's total number of years of formal education. The BBS scores were inversely related to TMT-A time (r = -0.63, r = 0.40, P < .001) and TMT-B time (r = -0.56, r = 0.31, P < .001). There was a similar relationship with TMTDELTA (r = -0.47, r = 0.22, P < .001). The BBS scores were positively correlated to years of formal education (r = 0.48, r = 0.23, P < .001). There was a ceiling effect on the TMT-B, with many individuals reaching maximum score of 300 seconds. Participants with high levels of executive function had higher BBS and MMSE scores, more education, and lower TMT-A, TMTDELTA and TUG scores (P < .001) than the lower functioning group. Individuals with higher capacity on tasks requiring visuospatial abilities, psychomotor speed, and executive function, such as the TMT, had better performance on BBS. Individuals with a high executive function, measured by TMT-B, also performed better on other motor and cognitive tests.

Study on Capturing Functional Requirements of the New Product Based on Evolution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Fang; Song, Liya; Bai, Zhonghang; Zhang, Peng

In order to exist in an increasingly competitive global marketplace, it is important for corporations to forecast the evolutionary direction of new products rapidly and effectively. Most products in the world are developed based on the design of existing products. In the product design, capturing functional requirements is a key step. Function is continuously evolving, which is driven by the evolution of needs and technologies. So the functional requirements of new product can be forecasted based on the functions of existing product. Eight laws of function evolution are put forward in this paper. The process model of capturing the functional requirements of new product based on function evolution is proposed. An example illustrates the design process.

Study of capabilities and limitations of 3D printing technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lemu, H. G.

2012-04-01

3D printing is one of the developments in rapid prototyping technology. The inception and development of the technology has highly assisted the product development phase of product design and manufacturing. The technology is particularly important in educating product design and 3D modeling because it helps students to visualize their design idea, to enhance their creative design process and enables them to touch and feel the result of their innovative work. The availability of many 3D printers on the market has created a certain level of challenge for the user. Among others, complexity of part geometry, material type, compatibility with 3D CAD models and other technical aspects still need in-depth study. This paper presents results of the experimental work on the capabilities and limitations of the Z510 3D printer from Z-corporation. Several parameters such as dimensional and geometrical accuracy, surface quality and strength as a function of model size, orientation and file exchange format are closely studied.

The PPE2 protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis translocates to host nucleus and inhibits nitric oxide production

PubMed Central

Bhat, Khalid Hussain; Srivastava, Shruti; Kotturu, Sandeep Kumar; Ghosh, Sudip; Mukhopadhyay, Sangita

2017-01-01

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes tuberculosis, is one of the most successful pathogens of humans. It has evolved several adaptive skills and evasion mechanisms to hijack the immunologically educated host to suit its intracellular lifestyle. Here, we show that one of the unique PPE family member proteins of M. tuberculosis, PPE2, can limit nitric oxide (NO) production by inhibiting inos gene transcription. PPE2 protein has a leucine zipper DNA-binding motif and a functional nuclear localization signal. PPE2 was translocated into the macrophage nucleus via the classical importin α/β pathway where it interacted with a GATA-binding site overlapping with the TATA box of inos promoter and inhibited NO production. PPE2 prolonged intracellular survival of a surrogate bacterium M. smegmatis in vitro as well as in vivo. This information are likely to improve our knowledge of host-pathogen interactions during M. tuberculosis infection which is crucial for designing effective anti-TB therapeutics. PMID:28071726

Association between intake of dairy products and short-term memory with and without adjustment for genetic and family environmental factors: A twin study.

PubMed

Ogata, Soshiro; Tanaka, Haruka; Omura, Kayoko; Honda, Chika; Hayakawa, Kazuo

2016-04-01

Previous studies have indicated associations between intake of dairy products and better cognitive function and reduced risk of dementia. However, these studies did not adjust for genetic and family environmental factors that may influence food intake, cognitive function, and metabolism of dairy product nutrients. In the present study, we investigated the association between intake of dairy products and short-term memory with and without adjustment for almost all genetic and family environmental factors using a genetically informative sample of twin pairs. A cross-sectional study was conducted among twin pairs aged between 20 and 74. Short-term memory was assessed as primary outcome variable, intake of dairy products was analyzed as the predictive variable, and sex, age, education level, marital status, current smoking status, body mass index, dietary alcohol intake, and medical history of hypertension or diabetes were included as possible covariates. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were performed by treating twins as individuals and regression analyses were used to identify within-pair differences of a twin pair to adjust for genetic and family environmental factors. Data are reported as standardized coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Analyses were performed on data from 78 men and 278 women. Among men, high intake of dairy products was significantly associated with better short-term memory after adjustment for the possible covariates (standardized coefficients = 0.22; 95% CI, 0.06-0.38) and almost all genetic and family environmental factors (standardized coefficients = 0.38; 95% CI, 0.07-0.69). Among women, no significant associations were found between intake of dairy products and short-term memory. Subsequent sensitivity analyses were adjusted for small samples and showed similar results. Intake of dairy product may prevent cognitive declines regardless of genetic and family environmental factors in men. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.

Rectal Cancer Survivors’ Participation in Productive Activities

PubMed Central

Hornbrook, Mark C; Grant, Marcia; Wendel, Christopher; Bulkley, Joanna E; McMullen, Carmit K; Altschuler, Andrea; Temple, Larissa KF; Herrinton, Lisa J; Krouse, Robert S

2018-01-01

Context Rectal cancer and its treatment impair survivors’ productivity. Objective To assess determinants of market and nonmarket employment, job search, volunteering, and homemaking among survivors five years or longer after diagnosis. Design We mailed questionnaires to 1063 survivors who were members of Kaiser Permanente (Northern California, Northwest) during 2010 and 2011. Main Outcome Measures Productive activities, functional health status, and bowel management at the time of the survey. Results Response rate was 60.5% (577/953). Higher comorbidity burdens were associated with lower productivity for men and women rectal cancer survivors. Productive survivors were younger and had lower disease stage and age at diagnosis, higher household income and educational attainment, and fewer comorbidity burdens and workplace adjustments than did nonproductive survivors (p < 0.05 each; 2-sided). Productive rectal cancer survivors were evenly split by sex. Conclusion Staying productive is associated with better mental health for rectal cancer survivors. Rectal cancer survivors with multiple chronic conditions, higher disease stage, lower productive activities, and older age need better access to medical care and closer monitoring of the quality of their care, including self-care. To capture the full extent of the involvement of survivors in all types of productive activities, research should routinely include measures of employment, searching for employment, homemaking, and volunteering. Counting market and nonmarket productive activities is innovative and recognizes the continuum of contributions survivors make to families and society. Health care systems should routinely monitor rectal cancer survivors’ medical care access, comorbidities, health-related quality of life, and productive activities. PMID:29236653

Rectal Cancer Survivors' Participation in Productive Activities.

PubMed

Hornbrook, Mark C; Grant, Marcia; Wendel, Christopher; Bulkley, Joanna E; Mcmullen, Carmit K; Altschuler, Andrea; Temple, Larissa Kf; Herrinton, Lisa J; Krouse, Robert S

2017-01-01

Rectal cancer and its treatment impair survivors' productivity. To assess determinants of market and nonmarket employment, job search, volunteering, and homemaking among survivors five years or longer after diagnosis. We mailed questionnaires to 1063 survivors who were members of Kaiser Permanente (Northern California, Northwest) during 2010 and 2011. Productive activities, functional health status, and bowel management at the time of the survey. Response rate was 60.5% (577/953). Higher comorbidity burdens were associated with lower productivity for men and women rectal cancer survivors. Productive survivors were younger and had lower disease stage and age at diagnosis, higher household income and educational attainment, and fewer comorbidity burdens and workplace adjustments than did nonproductive survivors (p < 0.05 each; 2-sided). Productive rectal cancer survivors were evenly split by sex. Staying productive is associated with better mental health for rectal cancer survivors. Rectal cancer survivors with multiple chronic conditions, higher disease stage, lower productive activities, and older age need better access to medical care and closer monitoring of the quality of their care, including self-care. To capture the full extent of the involvement of survivors in all types of productive activities, research should routinely include measures of employment, searching for employment, homemaking, and volunteering. Counting market and nonmarket productive activities is innovative and recognizes the continuum of contributions survivors make to families and society. Health care systems should routinely monitor rectal cancer survivors' medical care access, comorbidities, health-related quality of life, and productive activities.

Parent Education is Changing: A Review of Smartphone Apps.

PubMed

Davis, Deborah Winders; Logsdon, M Cynthia; Vogt, Krista; Rushton, Jeff; Myers, John; Lauf, Adrian; Hogan, Felicia

The purpose was to critique existing parenting apps using established criteria and health literacy guidelines. Descriptive methodology was used. The Apple App Store was searched using the terms parenting, child health, and infant health. To be included, the apps had to have relevant content (parenting, child health, or infant health), be in English, and contain parent education. After eliminating apps that failed to meet inclusion criteria from the original 203 apps, 46 apps were reviewed. The Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool was used to evaluate the health literacy subscales called Understandability and Actionability. Content analysis included Authority, Objectivity, Accuracy, Timeliness, and Usability. The majority of the apps (70%) were in English only. The price ranged from free to $4.99. The purpose, target audience, and topics varied. Although all included apps were for parents, some were for more targeted groups of parents. The source of the information was not presented in 26% of the apps. Most apps took the user to a Web site or an article to read. Functionality of the apps was limited, with none of them providing a customized experience. Much development and research is needed before mobile health (mHealth) solutions can be recommended by nurses caring for new parents. It is critical that consumers and interdisciplinary professionals be involved in the early design phase of the product to ensure that the end product is acceptable and usable and that it will lead to healthy behaviors.

Analysis of nutrition judgments using the Nutrition Facts Panel.

PubMed

González-Vallejo, Claudia; Lavins, Bethany D; Carter, Kristina A

2016-10-01

Consumers' judgments and choices of the nutritional value of food products (cereals and snacks) were studied as a function of using information in the Nutrition Facts Panel (NFP, National Labeling and Education Act, 1990). Brunswik's lens model (Brunswik, 1955; Cooksey, 1996; Hammond, 1955; Stewart, 1988) served as the theoretical and analytical tool for examining the judgment process. Lens model analysis was further enriched with the criticality of predictors' technique developed by Azen, Budescu, & Reiser (2001). Judgment accuracy was defined as correspondence between consumers' judgments and the nutritional quality index, NuVal(®), obtained from an expert system. The study also examined several individual level variables (e.g., age, gender, BMI, educational level, health status, health beliefs, etc.) as predictors of lens model indices that measure judgment consistency, judgment accuracy, and knowledge of the environment. Results showed varying levels of consistency and accuracy depending on the food product, but generally the median values of the lens model statistics were moderate. Judgment consistency was higher for more educated individuals; judgment accuracy was predicted from a combination of person level characteristics, and individuals who reported having regular meals had models that were in greater agreement with the expert's model. Lens model methodology is a useful tool for understanding how individuals perceive the nutrition in foods based on the NFP label. Lens model judgment indices were generally low, highlighting that the benefits of the complex NFP label may be more modest than what has been previously assumed. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Role of Educational Status in Explaining the Association between Body Mass Index and Cognitive Function

PubMed Central

Ho, Yi-Te; Kao, Tung-Wei; Peng, Tao-Chun; Liaw, Fang-Yih; Yang, Hui-Fang; Sun, Yu-Shan; Chang, Yaw-Wen; Chen, Wei-Liang

2016-01-01

Abstract Preserving physical and cognitive function becomes an important issue as people age. A growing number of studies have found that the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive function changes in different age groups. It is obvious that higher educational status is linked to higher cognitive function in terms of numerous risk factors that influence cognitive function. This study aimed to investigate the interplay between obesity and cognitive function categorized by different educational status. This study included 5021 participants aged 20 to 59 years who completed 3 neurocognitive function tests, including a simple reaction time test (SRTT), a symbol digit substitution test (SDST), and a serial digit learning test (SDLT) as reported in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III database. The associations between neurocognitive function and BMI were analyzed using multivariate linear regression while controlling for confounders. After adjusting for pertinent covariates in mode 3, the β coefficients in the female participants with more than 12 years of education (interpreted as change of 3 neurocognitive function tests for each increment in BMI) comparing obesity groups to those with normal BMI were 16.2 (P < 0.001 for SRTT), 0.14 (P < 0.05 for SDST), and 0.9 (P < 0.05 for SDLT). Male participants with more than 12 years of education and female participants with fewer than 12 years of education demonstrated increased impairment as their BMI increased. However, this association was not significant after adjustments. Obese individuals had worse neurocognitive function than those of normal weight or overweight, especially in women with a high educational level. PMID:26844489

Role of Educational Status in Explaining the Association between Body Mass Index and Cognitive Function.

PubMed

Ho, Yi-Te; Kao, Tung-Wei; Peng, Tao-Chun; Liaw, Fang-Yih; Yang, Hui-Fang; Sun, Yu-Shan; Chang, Yaw-Wen; Chen, Wei-Liang

2016-02-01

Preserving physical and cognitive function becomes an important issue as people age. A growing number of studies have found that the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive function changes in different age groups. It is obvious that higher educational status is linked to higher cognitive function in terms of numerous risk factors that influence cognitive function. This study aimed to investigate the interplay between obesity and cognitive function categorized by different educational status.This study included 5021 participants aged 20 to 59 years who completed 3 neurocognitive function tests, including a simple reaction time test (SRTT), a symbol digit substitution test (SDST), and a serial digit learning test (SDLT) as reported in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III database. The associations between neurocognitive function and BMI were analyzed using multivariate linear regression while controlling for confounders.After adjusting for pertinent covariates in mode 3, the β coefficients in the female participants with more than 12 years of education (interpreted as change of 3 neurocognitive function tests for each increment in BMI) comparing obesity groups to those with normal BMI were 16.2 (P < 0.001 for SRTT), 0.14 (P < 0.05 for SDST), and 0.9 (P < 0.05 for SDLT). Male participants with more than 12 years of education and female participants with fewer than 12 years of education demonstrated increased impairment as their BMI increased. However, this association was not significant after adjustments.Obese individuals had worse neurocognitive function than those of normal weight or overweight, especially in women with a high educational level.

Special Education in Transition: Functional Assessment and Noncategorical Programming.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reschly, Daniel J., Ed.; Tilly, W. David, III, Ed.; Grimes, Jeffrey P., Ed.

This volume offers 12 readings which attempt to synthesize key ideas underlying a shift toward functional and noncategorical approaches to special education in light of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments of 1997. The chapters are: (1) "Origins of Categorical Special Education Services in Schools and a Rationale for…

Relationship among diet habit and lower urinary tract symptoms and sexual function in outpatient-based males with LUTS/BPH: a multiregional and cross-sectional study in China

PubMed Central

Chen, Yuke; Yu, Wei; Zhou, Liqun; Wu, Shiliang; Yang, Yang; Wang, Jianye; Tian, Ye; He, Dalin; Xu, Yong; Huang, Jian; Wang, Xiaofeng; Gao, Xin; Li, Hanzhong; Ma, Lulin; Zhang, Ning; Zhao, Shengtian; Jin, Xunbo

2016-01-01

Objectives This study assessed the effect of diet habits on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and sexual function in Chinese men with LUTS/benign prostatic hypertrophy (LUTS/BPH). Setting Multicentre study conducted between July 2013 and December 2013 in 11 hospitals in 3 geographic regions in China. Participants Overall, participants with LUTS/BPH accounted for 61.4% (2584/4208) of the respondents, whose data were processed in the following statistical analysis. Primary and secondary outcome measures LUTS and sexual function were assessed based on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and the International Index of Erectile Function 5 (IIEF-5) score. Prostate volume (PV) was determined by ultrasound. Results A total of 4208 participants met the inclusion criteria. The average age of the whole participants was 65.8±7.7 years. Overall, participants with LUTS/BPH accounted for 61.4% (2584/4208) of the respondents, whose data were processed in the following statistical analysis. Generally, prostate enlargement was greatest in south China. LUTS and male sexual dysfunction (MSD) were most severe in northwest China. Based on multivariable analysis, PV enlarged as the age (p<0.001), body mass index (BMI; p<0.001) and vegetable intake (p<0.001) increased. Age (p<0.001) and BMI (p<0.05) independently increased the IPSS. A higher level of education (p<0.001) and more frequent meat, fish and egg intake (p<0.05) decreased the IPSS. Age (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.001), low education level (p<0.05), vegetable intake (p=0.001), and milk and dairy product intake (p=0.001) decreased the IIEF-5 score. Conclusions In addition to factors including age, obesity and level of education, dietary habits and geographic difference might also play an important role in the variation of PV, LUTS and MSD for Chinese men with LUTS/BPH. PMID:27580828

"No Child Left Behind," the "Individuals with Disabilities Education Act" and Functional Curricula: A Conflict of Interest?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bouck, Emily C.

2009-01-01

Is a functional curriculum aligned with the federal education policies of No Child Left Behind (2002) and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA, 2004)? This article analyzes the alignment, or lack thereof, between this approach to educating secondary students with mild mental impairment and the two main federal education laws…

Engineering Design Education Program for Graduate School

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ohbuchi, Yoshifumi; Iida, Haruhiko

The new educational methods of engineering design have attempted to improve mechanical engineering education for graduate students in a way of the collaboration in education of engineer and designer. The education program is based on the lecture and practical exercises concerning the product design, and has engineering themes and design process themes, i.e. project management, QFD, TRIZ, robust design (Taguchi method) , ergonomics, usability, marketing, conception etc. At final exercise, all students were able to design new product related to their own research theme by applying learned knowledge and techniques. By the method of engineering design education, we have confirmed that graduate students are able to experience technological and creative interest.

Making the Nigerian School Environment and Curriculum More Functional and Responsive for Human Capacity Development for the Year 2020

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mbachu, Comfort Ebere; Dorgu, Theresa Ebiere

2014-01-01

Education is seen as an instrument "per excellence" for effecting national development. Education is seen as a means of developing potentialities and capacity building. Any educational Curriculum that aims at developing human potentials must target at functionality. Functionality here refers to curriculum that is designed to teach…

Are Education Cost Functions Ready for Prime Time? An Examination of Their Validity and Reliability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duncombe, William; Yinger, John

2011-01-01

This article makes the case that cost functions are the best available methodology for ensuring consistency between a state's educational accountability system and its education finance system. Because they are based on historical data and well-known statistical methods, cost functions are a particularly flexible and low-cost way to forecast what…

Training Public School Special Educators to Implement Two Functional Analysis Models

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rispoli, Mandy; Neely, Leslie; Healy, Olive; Gregori, Emily

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and efficiency of a training package to teach public school special educators to conduct functional analyses of challenging behavior. Six public school educators were divided into two cohorts of three and were taught two models of functional analysis of challenging behavior: traditional and…

Recovery in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD): results of a 6-month, multinational, observational study.

PubMed

Novick, Diego; Montgomery, William; Vorstenbosch, Ellen; Moneta, Maria Victoria; Dueñas, Héctor; Haro, Josep Maria

2017-01-01

Not all individuals treated for major depressive disorder (MDD) achieve recovery. This observational study examined the recovery rates in MDD patients and the patient characteristics associated with achieving recovery in a naturalistic clinical setting. Recovery was defined as having both clinical and functional remission. Data for this post hoc analysis were taken from a 24-week prospective, observational study that involved 1,549 MDD patients. Clinical remission was assessed using the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report and functional remission through the Sheehan Disability Scale and no days of reduced productivity in the previous week. Generalized estimating equation regression models were used to examine the baseline factors associated with recovery during follow-up. Clinical and functional remission was achieved in 70.6% and 56.1% of the MDD patients, respectively. MDD patients who achieved recovery (52.1%) were significantly less likely to have impaired levels of functioning, concurrent medical or psychiatric conditions, low levels of education, or nonadherence to therapy at follow-up. The level of functioning during the index episode seems to be a better predictor of recovery than symptom severity. Therefore, the level of functioning should be considered while determining recovery from depression.

Australian Vocational Education and Training Statistics: Outcomes from the Productivity Places Program, 2009

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER), 2009

2009-01-01

Information is presented in this publication about the outcomes for students who completed their vocational education and training (VET) under the Productivity Places Program (PPP) during 2008. The Productivity Places Program Survey covers students who were awarded a qualification in 2008 with funding from the PPP. The survey focuses on students'…

Scholarly Productivity: One Element in the Tenure Process in Educational Administration and Higher Education Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rayfield, Robin; Meabon, David; Ughrin, Tina

2004-01-01

In the academy, when scholarly productivity is considered, many words come to mind such as: research, journal articles, books and chapters in books, experiments and conference presentations among others. The literature often uses the term research as a synonym for scholarly productivity. A review of related literature revealed that tenure policies…

Characterizing User Behaviours and Products in an Online Educational Community: A Comparison between Novices and Elders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yuan, Min; Recker, Mimi

2014-01-01

This study focuses on two user types in an online educational community--novices and elders--and explores the characteristics of their behaviours and contributed products by analyzing usage logs. Results show that novices and elders have different behavioural trajectories. In addition, the products created by elders attract more views.

Critical Perspectives on Youth Digital Media Production: "Voice" and Representation in Educational Contexts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dahya, Negin

2017-01-01

This paper offers a critical discussion on voice and representation in youth digital media production in educational settings. The paper builds on existing calls from digital media and visual studies scholars to approach youth-made media with greater attention to context in production practices. In this discussion, the author addresses the…

Predicting Long-Term Global Outcome after Traumatic Brain Injury: Development of a Practical Prognostic Tool Using the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database.

PubMed

Walker, William C; Stromberg, Katharine A; Marwitz, Jennifer H; Sima, Adam P; Agyemang, Amma A; Graham, Kristin M; Harrison-Felix, Cynthia; Hoffman, Jeanne M; Brown, Allen W; Kreutzer, Jeffrey S; Merchant, Randall

2018-05-16

For patients surviving serious traumatic brain injury (TBI), families and other stakeholders often desire information on long-term functional prognosis, but accurate and easy-to-use clinical tools are lacking. We aimed to build utilitarian decision trees from commonly collected clinical variables to predict Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) functional levels at 1, 2, and 5 years after moderate-to-severe closed TBI. Flexible classification tree statistical modeling was used on prospectively collected data from the TBI-Model Systems (TBIMS) inception cohort study. Enrollments occurred at 17 designated, or previously designated, TBIMS inpatient rehabilitation facilities. Analysis included all participants with nonpenetrating TBI injured between January 1997 and January 2017. Sample sizes were 10,125 (year-1), 8,821 (year-2), and 6,165 (year-5) after cross-sectional exclusions (death, vegetative state, insufficient post-injury time, and unavailable outcome). In our final models, post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) duration consistently dominated branching hierarchy and was the lone injury characteristic significantly contributing to GOS predictability. Lower-order variables that added predictability were age, pre-morbid education, productivity, and occupational category. Generally, patient outcomes improved with shorter PTA, younger age, greater pre-morbid productivity, and higher pre-morbid vocational or educational achievement. Across all prognostic groups, the best and worst good recovery rates were 65.7% and 10.9%, respectively, and the best and worst severe disability rates were 3.9% and 64.1%. Predictability in test data sets ranged from C-statistic of 0.691 (year-1; confidence interval [CI], 0.675, 0.711) to 0.731 (year-2; CI, 0.724, 0.738). In conclusion, we developed a clinically useful tool to provide prognostic information on long-term functional outcomes for adult survivors of moderate and severe closed TBI. Predictive accuracy for GOS level was demonstrated in an independent test sample. Length of PTA, a clinical marker of injury severity, was by far the most critical outcome determinant.

Six Functions of Conducting: A New Foundation for Music Educators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gumm, Alan J.

2012-01-01

This article poses six functions of conducting as a new foundation for music educators. Two traditional functions focus on music: the mechanical precision function indicates beat, tempo, meter, rhythm, cues, entrances and cutoff releases, and the expressive function indicates dynamics and other expressive characteristics interpreted in a score.…

Time use patterns among women with rheumatoid arthritis: association with functional limitations and psychological status.

PubMed

Katz, P; Morris, A

2007-03-01

This study assessed time use patterns among 375 women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We hypothesized that (i) as functional limitations increased, time use imbalances would occur (i.e. time needed for obligatory activities would conflict with time needed for productive and free-time activities) and (ii) time use imbalances would be associated with psychological distress. Time use estimates were obtained from written questionnaires; other study data were collected from annual telephone interviews. Activities were categorized as obligatory, committed or discretionary, as defined by Verbrugge. Time use estimates were aggregated to define number of obligatory (e.g. self-care) activities requiring >2 h/day and a number of committed and discretionary activities in which no time was spent each day. After adjusting for age, education, marital status and pain severity, women with more functional limitations were significantly more likely to spend >2 h/day in obligatory activities. As functional limitations increased, the proportion spending no time in each committed activity and many discretionary activities increased. Spending >2 h/day in obligatory activities was not significantly associated with poor psychological status, but spending no time in a greater number of committed and discretionary activities was associated with lower life satisfaction and higher levels of depressive symptoms. Having more severe functional limitations appears to shift time use patterns towards more time spent in obligatory activities and less time spent in committed and discretionary activities. These imbalances in time use were associated with psychological distress, highlighting the need for women with RA to maintain important productive, social and discretionary activities.

The measurement of outcomes in the assessment of educational program effectiveness.

PubMed

Kassebaum, D G

1990-05-01

Postsecondary accrediting agencies recognized by the U.S. Secretary of Education and the Council on Postsecondary Accreditation, including the Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME), are required to evaluate educational program effectiveness by determining that institutions and programs document the achievement of their students and graduates in verifiable and consistent ways, indicating that institutional and program purposes are met. For the assessment of medical education programs this represents a departure from the traditional method of inferring quality from institutional compliance with standards for program organization and function. In the new assessment calculus, success is measured as the integrated product of the outcomes, the indicators of achievement that medical schools already are collecting from many sources, for instance, data on premedical achievement and attributes, medical school performance, graduate education ratings and test results, specialty certification, licensure, and practice. Although a recent LCME enquiry showed that 80% of U.S. medical schools were collecting outcome data on students and graduates, there was a lack of coherence and system, little integrated analysis, rare longitudinal study, and limited use of the information to evaluate and revise the curriculum or to validate admissions, promotion, and graduation criteria. The longitudinal study of the quantified results of educational programs need not resurrect old controversies about the linkage between learning in medical school and the quality of doctors' later practice. The purpose of examining outcomes is to gain sharper focus on the achievement of distinctive institutional goals, to facilitate program improvement and renewal, and to better assure the competence of graduates within the boundaries of achievement that schools have drawn as their educational objectives.

Associations between education and physical functioning and pain in adult Danish cancer survivors.

PubMed

Winther, Dorte; Nygaard, Tina K; Horsbøl, Trine A; Kjær, Trille; Vedsted, Peter; Johansen, Christoffer; Hovaldt, Hanna B; Sandager, Mette; Dalton, Susanne O

2017-02-01

Late effects after cancer diagnosis and treatment are common, but only few studies have examined the role of social factors in developing these late effects. The aim of this study was to examine the association between educational level and physical function and pain among cancer survivors two years after diagnosis. The study population consisted of adult Danish patients with a first-time cancer diagnosis who were sent a questionnaire in 2010 and followed up in 2012. In total, 4346 returned the first questionnaire shortly after diagnosis and 2568 returned the follow-up questionnaire. After exclusion of 177 due to missing information, we included 2391 cancer survivors in the analyses. Physical function and pain were measured using the EORTC QLQ-C30. Linear regression analyses were conducted separately for men and women, and adjusted for demographic and clinical characteristics. Additionally, analyses were stratified on comorbidity. Differences in mean scores according to educational level were small. Physical function was better in women with medium (2.8; 95% CI 0.1;5.4) and higher education (3.4; 95% CI 0.9;5.9) compared to women with short education. In contrast, men with medium education reported lower physical function (-2.9; 95% CI -5.7;-0.1) than men with short education. Compared to women with short education, we found lower pain scores among women with medium (-5.0; 95% CI -8.7;-1.4) and higher education (-3.4; 95% CI -6.7;0.0). Similarly, men with higher education experienced lower pain score (-3.4; 95% CI -6.9;0.1) than men with short education. The role of educational level differed between those with and without comorbidity. Educational level is slightly associated with physical function and pain among cancer survivors. However, mean differences in this study were small and below what is considered clinically relevant.

The Inspiration Given by the Successful Practice of Development of Higher Vocational Education in the Developed Countries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wu, Gaoling

2010-01-01

Higher vocational education is the product of economic development, scientific and technological progress. If the country does not have a well-developed vocational education, it is impossible to make a good advanced science and technology into productive forces, it is also impossible to achieve economy development in a high speed. In turn, powers…

Rhetorical Approaches to Crisis Communication: The Research, Development, and Validation of an Image Repair Situational Theory for Educational Leaders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vogelaar, Robert J.

2005-01-01

In this project a product to aid educational leaders in the process of communicating in crisis situations is presented. The product was created and received a formative evaluation using an educational research and development methodology. Ultimately, an administrative training course that utilized an Image Repair Situational Theory was developed.…

The Industrial Property Rights Education in Collaboration with the Creative Product Design Education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tokoro, Tetsuro; Habuchi, Hitoe; Chonan, Isao

Recently, the Advanced Courses of Electronic System Engineering and Architecture and Civil Engineering of Gifu National College of Technology have introduced a creative subject, “Creative Engineering Practice”. In this subject, students study intellectual property rights. More specifically, they learn and practice industrial proprietary rights, procedures for obtaining a patent right, how to use Industrial Property Digital Library and so forth, along with the practice of creative product design. The industrial property rights education in collaboration with the creative product design education has been carried out by the cooperation of Japan Patent Office, Japan Institute of Invention and Innovation and a patent attorney. Through the instruction of the cooperative members, great educative results have been obtained. In this paper, we will describe the contents of the subject together with its items to pursue an upward spiral of progress.

Data Driven Professional Development Design for Out-of-School Time Educators Using Planetary Science and Engineering Educational Materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Clark, J.; Bloom, N.

2017-12-01

Data driven design practices should be the basis for any effective educational product, particularly those used to support STEM learning and literacy. Planetary Learning that Advances the Nexus of Engineering, Technology, and Science (PLANETS) is a five-year NASA-funded (NNX16AC53A) interdisciplinary and cross-institutional partnership to develop and disseminate STEM out-of-school time (OST) curricular and professional development units that integrate planetary science, technology, and engineering. The Center for Science Teaching and Learning at Northern Arizona University, the U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Science Center, and the Museum of Science Boston are partners in developing, piloting, and researching the impact of three out of school time units. Two units are for middle grades youth and one is for upper elementary aged youth. The presentation will highlight the data driven development process of the educational products used to provide support for educators teaching these curriculum units. This includes how data from the project needs assessment, curriculum pilot testing, and professional support product field tests are used in the design of products for out of school time educators. Based on data analysis, the project is developing and testing four tiers of professional support for OST educators. Tier 1 meets the immediate needs of OST educators to teach curriculum and include how-to videos and other direct support materials. Tier 2 provides additional content and pedagogical knowledge and includes short content videos designed to specifically address the content of the curriculum. Tier 3 elaborates on best practices in education and gives guidance on methods, for example, to develop cultural relevancy for underrepresented students. Tier 4 helps make connections to other NASA or educational products that support STEM learning in out of school settings. Examples of the tiers of support will be provided.

Twelve tips for reducing production time and increasing long-term usability of instructional video.

PubMed

Norman, Marie K

2017-08-01

The use of instructional video is increasing across all disciplines and levels of education. Although video has a number of distinct advantages for course delivery and student learning, it can also be time-consuming and resource-intensive to produce, which imposes a burden on busy faculty. With video poised to play a larger role in medical education, we need strategies for streamlining video production and ensuring that the video we produce is of lasting value. This article draws on learning research and best practices in educational technology, along with the author's experience in online education and video production. It offers 12 practical tips for reducing the initial time investment in video production and creating video that can be reused long into the future. These tips can help faculty and departments create high-quality instructional video while using their time and resources more wisely.

Cumulative lead exposure in community-dwelling adults and fine motor function: comparing standard and novel tasks in the VA Normative Aging Study

PubMed Central

Grashow, Rachel; Spiro, Avron; Taylor, Kathryn M.; Newton, Kimberly; Shrairman, Ruth; Landau, Alexander; Sparrow, David; Hu, Howard; Weisskopf, Marc

2013-01-01

Background and Aims Lead exposure in children and occupationally-exposed adults has been associated with reduced visuomotor and fine motor function. However, associations in environmentally-exposed adults remain relatively unexplored. To address this, we examined the association between cumulative lead exposure—as measured by lead in bone—and performance on the Grooved Pegboard (GP) manual dexterity task, as well as on handwriting tasks using a novel assessment approach, among men in the VA Normative Aging Study (NAS). Methods GP testing was done with 362 NAS participants, and handwriting assessment with 328, who also had tibia and patella lead measurements made with K-X-Ray Fluorescence (KXRF). GP scores were time (sec) to complete the task with the dominant hand. The handwriting assessment approach assessed the production of signature and cursive lowercase l and m letter samples. Signature and lm task scores reflect consistency in repeated trials. We used linear regression to estimate associations and 95% confidence intervals (CI) with adjustment for age, smoking, education, income and computer experience. A backward elimination algorithm was used in the subset with both GP and handwriting assessment to identify variables predictive of each outcome. Results The mean (SD) participant age was 69.1 (7.2) years; mean patella and tibia concentrations were 25.0 (20.7) μg/g and 19.2 (14.6) μg/g, respectively. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, GP performance was associated with tibia (β per 15 μg/g bone = 4.66, 95% CI: 1.73, 7.58, p=0.002) and patella (β per 20 μg/g = 3.93, 95% CI: 1.11, 6.76, p = 0.006). In multivariable adjusted models of handwriting production, only the lm-pattern task showed a significant association with tibia (β per 15 μg/g bone = 1.27, 95% CI: 0.24, 2.29, p = 0.015), such that lm pattern production was more stable with increasing lead exposure. GP and handwriting scores were differentially sensitive to education, smoking, computer experience, financial stability, income and alcohol consumption. Conclusions Long-term cumulative environmental lead exposure was associated with deficits in GP performance, but not handwriting production. Higher lead appeared to be associated with greater consistency on the lm task. Lead sensitivity differences could suggest that lead affects neural processing speed rather than motor function per se, or could result from distinct brain areas involved in the execution of different motor tasks. PMID:23370289

The discursive production of classroom mathematics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smith, Kim; Hodson, Elaine; Brown, Tony

2013-09-01

School mathematics is a function of its discursive environment where the language being used formats mathematical activity. The paper explores this theme through an extended example in which the conduct of mathematical teaching and learning is restricted by regulative educational policies. It considers how mathematics is discursively produced by student teachers within an employment-based model of teacher education in England where there is a low university input. It is argued that teacher reflections on mathematical learning and teaching within the course are patterned discursively in line with formal curriculum framings, assessment requirements and the local demands of their placement school. Both teachers and students are subject to regulative discourses that shape their actions and as a consequence this regulation influences the forms of mathematical activity that can take place. It is shown how university sessions can provide a limited critical platform from which to interrogate these restrictions and renegotiate them.

Science and thinking: The write connection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Butler, Gene

1991-09-01

The effective use of writing in science instruction may open the way for students to grow in their ability to exercise higher order thinking skills (Bland & Koppel, 1988). Scinto (1986) makes a compelling case for writing as a means of stimulating thinking when he states: The production of written text demands more elaborate strategies of preplanning. Written language demands the conscious organization of ensembles of propositions to achieve its end. The need to manipulate linguistic means in such a conscious and deliberate fashion entails a level of linguistic self-reflection not called forth in oral discourse (p. 101). Science educators may find that the writing process is one technique to help them move away from the teacher-centered, textbook-driven science classroom of today, and move toward the realization of science education which will ensure that students are able to function as scientifically literate citizens in our contemporary society.

Kuwaiti high school students' perceptions of nursing as a profession: implications for nursing education and practice.

PubMed

Al-Kandari, Fatimah H; Lew, Irene

2005-12-01

The shortage of nurses in Kuwait is attributed to low production of indigenous nurses, resignation and emigration of foreign nurses, and expansion of health care facilities. This study explored Kuwaiti high school students' perceptions of nursing as a profession, their sources of information about nursing, and factors that affected their choice of nursing as a future career. Questionnaires from 289 students attending seven all-female high schools in Kuwait were analyzed. The results revealed that all of the participants were knowledgeable about the functional aspects of the nursing profession, and 35% of them received this information through contact with nurses during hospital visits. However, only 19% indicated they might consider nursing as a future career. The implications of the study for nursing education and practice, and strategies to attract and retain indigenous high school graduates into nursing programs in Kuwait are discussed.

Marketing-oriented organizations: an integrated approach.

PubMed

Stensrud, R; Arrington, B

1988-03-01

Organizations can be oriented toward marketing from a production, product, sales, or marketing perspective. Strategies, structures, and cultures, which reflect a company's basic orientation, must be integrated to ensure that marketing efforts communicate a clear corporate position. In a study of 31 hospitals, the Center for Health Services Education Research, St. Louis University, found that no hospital's organization fit neatly into a single category. For example, a hospital may have some service lines that were marketing oriented while other lines were production oriented. The majority of hospitals, however, were product oriented, focusing on productivity and financial performance rather than on market factors. The most effective sales orientation was observed in the for-profits. Their selling efforts, however, tended to be internally focused, with product development activities divorced from the planning and marketing functions. Only the for-profit hospitals showed the beginning of a marketing orientation. Developing a marketing orientation, especially in line divisions, requires a careful, well-orchestrated effort and the presence of several key factors: Access to capital and an emphasis on long-range planning and strategic spending The availability of hospital-specific market research. Key distribution channels. Talented middle managers. Up-to-date systems and structures equipped to serve new values and strategies. Leaders capable of communicating to the organization a vision of its role in the community.

The Impact of Managed Care on Internal Medicine Graduate Medical Education at Brooke Army Medical Center

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-06-01

28 Educational Productivity Data ………………………………………….….. 30 DISCUSSION AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS….………..….……... 37 CONCLUSIONS AND...of Internal Medicine Residency Program data from 1993 –1999 would document any changes in our educational program resulting from implementation of...consolidated data are available to help managers make decisions involving GME programs. The majority of educational products, such as teaching

Expertise, Time, Money, Mentoring, and Reward: Systemic Barriers That Limit Education Researcher Productivity-Proceedings From the AAMC GEA Workshop.

PubMed

Yarris, Lalena M; Juve, Amy Miller; Artino, Anthony R; Sullivan, Gail M; Rougas, Steven; Joyce, Barbara; Eva, Kevin

2014-09-01

To further evolve in an evidence-based fashion, medical education needs to develop and evaluate new practices for teaching, learning, and assessment. However, educators face barriers in designing, conducting, and publishing education research. To explore the barriers medical educators face in formulating, conducting, and publishing high-quality medical education research, and to identify strategies for overcoming them. A consensus workshop was held November 5, 2013, at the Association of American Medical Colleges annual meeting. A working group of education research experts and educators completed a preconference literature review focusing on barriers to education research. During the workshop, consensus-based and small group techniques were used to refine the broad themes into content categories. Attendees then ranked the most important barriers and strategies for overcoming them with the highest potential impact. Barriers participants faced in conducting quality education research included lack of (1) expertise, (2) time, (3) funding, (4) mentorship, and (5) reward. The strategy considered most effective in overcoming these barriers involved building communities of education researchers for collaboration and networking, and advocating for education researchers' interests. Other suggestions included trying to secure increased funding opportunities, developing mentoring programs, and encouraging mechanisms to ensure protected time. Barriers to education research productivity clearly exist. Many appear to result from feelings of isolation that may be overcome with systemic efforts to develop and enable communities of practice across institutions. Finally, the theme of "reward" is novel and complex and may have implications for education research productivity.

Early Health Shocks, Intra-household Resource Allocation and Child Outcomes*

PubMed Central

Yi, Junjian; Heckman, James J.; Zhang, Junsen; Conti, Gabriella

2016-01-01

An open question in the literature is whether families compensate or reinforce the impact of child health shocks. Discussions usually focus on one dimension of child investment. This paper examines multiple dimensions using household survey data on Chinese child twins whose average age is 11. We find that, compared with a twin sibling who did not suffer from negative early health shocks at ages 0–3, the other twin sibling who did suffer negative health shocks received RMB 305 more in terms of health investments, but received RMB 182 less in terms of educational investments in the 12 months prior to the survey. In terms of financial transfers over all dimensions of investment, the family acts as a net equalizer in response to early health shocks for children. We estimate a human capital production function and establish that, for this sample, early health shocks negatively affect child human capital, including health, education, and socioemotional skills. Compensating investments in health as measured by BMI reduce the adverse effects of health shocks by 50%, but exacerbate the adverse impact of shocks on educational attainment by 30%. PMID:27019517

Studies on functional foods in Japan--state of the art.

PubMed

Arai, S

1996-01-01

This paper pinpoints the "tertiary" function of foods which, different from the conventional "primary" and "secondary" functions that are related to nutrition and preference, respectively, is understood to be directly involved in the modulation of our physiological systems such as the immune, endocrine, nerve, circulatory, and digestive systems. Insights into this newly defined function are particularly important in that the intake of some physiologically functional constituents of foods could be effective in preventing diseases that may be caused by disorders in these physiological systems. Technologically, it has become feasible to design and produce physiologically functional foods (simply, functional foods) that are expected to satisfy in whole or in part a today's demand for disease prevention by eating. Such public expectations are reflected in the activation and development of systematic, large-scale studies on foods as seen in "Grant-in-Aid" research sponsored by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. Meanwhile, the Ministry of Health and Welfare has initiated a policy of officially approving functional foods in terms of "foods for specified health uses" as defined by new legislation. Up to now (October 1995), 58 items have thus been approved. The first was a hypoallergenic rice product approved as of June 1, 1993. Here I discuss details of studies on rice-based functional foods. Other basic and applied studies directed toward the tertiary function, with future perspectives for functional foods, are also discussed.

Organization of State Departments of Education. Bulletin, 1915, No. 5. Whole Number 629

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monahan, A. C.

1915-01-01

The trend of educational development is toward the State board of education as the administrative head of the educational system. In 37 of the 48 States in the United States there are State boards of education with functions relative to the public schools; in one other, Minnesota, there is a State board with functions relative to the public high…

Ethics of product endorsement: taking a look at freebies.

PubMed

Hotelling, Barbara A

2004-01-01

Childbirth educators are potentially a large vehicle for marketing promotions to young and purchasing parents. Many free materials-educational matter and product samples-are available for the educator's own use and for distribution to the parents who attend class for evidence-based information. In this column, the author encourages childbirth educators to use good judgment in selecting materials that will protect normal birth, encourage positive parenting, and promote breastfeeding. Educators must consider the effect a brand name will have on the purchasing power of parents and whether or not the materials or samples will undermine breastfeeding efforts.

Leader Training Conference Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Michigan-Ohio Regional Educational Lab., Inc., Detroit.

The purpose of this conference was to prepare key people in the field of education to function as inservice education leaders in their respective settings. It called for participants to learn what the MOREL inservice education program is and what it hopes to accomplish, to identify the role and functions of the inservice education leader, and to…

Orientation and Functions of Library in Quality Education of College

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yang, Lan

2011-01-01

Quality education is the core of college education. Libraries are the second class for students due to the extremely important position and function in quality education. Libraries are the best place for cultivating students' morals, the important front for improving students' scientific and cultural qualities, and the effective facilities for…

Mastery Learning: Partly Boon, Partly Boondoggle. Teacher Education Forum; Volume 3, Number 11.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mueller, Daniel J.

Educational institutions have at least two major functions: education and certification of competency. This paper examines the educational strengths and limitations of the mastery learning instruction model with respect to fulfilling these functions. The components of the mastery model are contrasted with components of other instructional models,…

Predicting Acceptance and Popularity in Early Adolescence as a Function of Hearing Status, Gender, and Educational Setting

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolters, Nina; Knoors, Harry E. T.; Cillessen, Antonius H. N.; Verhoeven, Ludo

2011-01-01

This study examined associations of communicative skills, social behavior, and personality with acceptance and popularity as a function of hearing status, gender, and educational setting. Participants were 87 deaf and 672 hearing early adolescents of 52 6th grade classrooms in mainstream and special education. Acceptance varied as a function of…

Adaptive Functioning and Behaviour Problems in Relation to Level of Education in Children and Adolescents with Intellectual Disability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Bildt, A.; Sytema, S.; Kraijer, D.; Sparrow, S.; Minderaa, R.

2005-01-01

Background: The interrelationship between adaptive functioning, behaviour problems and level of special education was studied in 186 children with IQs ranging from 61 to 70. The objective was to increase the insight into the contribution of adaptive functioning and general and autistic behaviour problems to the level of education in children with…

Teaching Must Be More Productive.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brandt, Ron

1987-01-01

Overviews a section in the same "Educational Leadership" issue on improving teaching productivity. Highlights Harold Stevenson's article comparing mathematics education in the U.S., China, and Japan and Bruce Joyce's summary and analysis of the research literature on effective instructional strategies. (MLH)

A Study of the Impacts of Selected Products Developed by the National Center for Higher Education Management Systems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rodgers, Kenneth W.; Rhodes, Isabelle N.

The impact of NCHEMS (National Center for Higher Education Management Systems) products upon planning and management tasks is examined in this study performed at a sample of 126 institutions. The institutions have used one or more of the following NCHEMS products: Program Classification of Structure (PCS); Resource Requirements Prediction Model…

Understanding the Role of Neuroscience in Brain Based Products: A Guide for Educators and Consumers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sylvan, Lesley J.; Christodoulou, Joanna A.

2010-01-01

The term "brain" based is often used to describe learning theories, principles, and products. Although there have been calls urging educators to be cautious in interpreting and using such material, consumers may find it challenging to understand the role of the brain and to discriminate among brain based products to determine which would be…

Return on Educational Investment: 2014. A District-by-District Evaluation of U.S. Educational Productivity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boser, Ulrich

2014-01-01

In 2011, the Center of American Progress (CAP) released the first-ever attempt to evaluate the productivity of almost every major school district in the country. That project developed a set of relatively simple productivity metrics in order to measure the achievement that a school district produces relative to its spending, while controlling for…

A Legal Lever for Enhancing Productivity. The Productivity for Results Series No. 3

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ettema, Elizabeth; Sengupta, Krishanu; Kress, Sandy

2014-01-01

With limited resources and fiscal strain, it is more important than ever for states and school districts to use available funds for education as efficiently and productively as possible. This is even more true today in order to educate young people to a higher standard of true readiness for college or career. This paper reviews both economic and…

The Normative Structure of Knowledge Production and Utilization in Education. Volume 2. Case Studies of the Infrastructure of Educational R and D.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Markley, O. W.

This is the second volume of a report on a study that (1) investigated the "normative structure" (the governance system) of knowledge production and utilization (KPU) activities in education, (2) developed an analytical framework through which to understand how formal policy acts as a "regulator" of activities in KPU, (3) described the major…

Questions, Instructions, and Modes of Listening in the Joint Production of Guided Action: A Study of Student-Teacher Collaboration in Handicraft Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ekstrom, Anna; Lindwall, Oskar; Saljo, Roger

2009-01-01

This article concerns a central issue in education as an institutional activity: instructions and their role in guiding student activities and understanding. In the study, we investigate the tensions between specifics and generalities in the joint production of guided action. This issue is explored in the context of handicraft education--or more…

The Role of Education as a Tool in Transmitting Cultural Stereotypes Words (Formal's): The Case of "Kerem and Asli" Story

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bulut, Mesut; Bars, Mehmet Emin

2013-01-01

In terms of the individual and society folk literature is an important educational tool product; plays an important role in the transmission of culture between generations is an important element of the social culture. Which is an important educational tool for the individual and society folk literature, folk tales products, is one of the major…

Engineering Photosynthetic Organisms for the Production of Renewable Energy Products and Environmental Remediation

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-11-25

and education in bioenergy and environmental biotechnology at West Virginia State University (WVSU). Bioenergy and environmental biotechnology research...and education affected by the acquisition of this new equipment and instrumentations includes development of new technology to produce biofuels...ADDRESS (ES) U.S. Army Research Office P.O. Box 12211 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2211 Biofuels, STEM education , environmental biotechnology

Development and Education. International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century, Second Session (Dakar, Senegal, September 18-22, 1993).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blondel, Daniele

This paper reviews the evolution of the different theories concerning education as a factor of development. It is important to see exactly how the struggle against scarcity and the production of material goods can be made more effective by allocating financial and human resources to the production and transmission of knowledge. The growth theory…

The role of self-control and cognitive functioning in educational inequalities in adolescent smoking and binge drinking.

PubMed

Davies, Lisa E M; Kuipers, Mirte A G; Junger, Marianne; Kunst, Anton E

2017-09-16

Large differences in substance use between educational levels originate at a young age, but there is limited evidence explaining these inequalities. The aim of this study was to test whether a) smoking and binge drinking are associated with lower levels of self-control and cognitive functioning, and b) associations between educational track and smoking and binge drinking, respectively, are attenuated after controlling for self-control and cognitive functioning. This study used cross-sectional survey data of 15 to 20-year-olds (N = 191) from low, middle, and high educational tracks. We measured regular binge drinking and regular smoking (more than once a month), cognitive functioning (cognitive ability, reaction time and memory span), and self-control. Logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between educational track and smoking and binge drinking controlled for age, gender and social disadvantage, and for self-control and cognitive functioning. According to models that controlled for age, gender and social disadvantage only, respondents in the low educational track were more likely to drink heavily (OR = 3.25, 95% CI = 1.48-7.17) and smoke (OR = 5.74, 95% CI = 2.31-14.29) than adolescents in the high educational track. The association between educational track and binge drinking was hardly reduced after adjustment for self-control and cognitive ability (OR = 2.88, 95% CI = 1.09-7.62). Adjustment for self-control and cognitive functioning, especially cognitive ability, weakened the association between education and smoking (OR = 3.40, 95% CI = 1.11-10.37). However, inequalities in smoking remained significant and substantial. In this study population, pre-existing variations between adolescents in terms of self-control and cognitive functioning played a minor role in educational inequalities in smoking, but not in binge drinking.

Effect of Sexual Education on Sexual Function of Iranian Couples During Pregnancy: A Quasi Experimental Study.

PubMed

Heidari, Masumeh; Aminshokravi, Farkhondeh; Zayeri, Farid; Azin, Seyed Ali

2018-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of husbands' participation in sexual education on sexual function during pregnancy. This quasi experimental study was conducted on 123 couples who were divided in two intervention (A: couples, B: pregnant women) and one control (C) groups. Group A couples received sex education, Group B women received sex education without their spouses, and Group C women received routine prenatal care without sex education. Sexual functions of couples were assessed by Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and International Index Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaires, before sex education, four weeks after the intervention, at the end of the second trimester and at the end of the third trimester. Mean total scores of FSFI and IIEF were not different at baseline in three groups. Repeated measure analysis showed significant differences between groups (A and B with C) in the mean total scores of FSFI and IIEF during the third trimester. The mean total scores of the two intervention groups of A and B were not significant. According to the results of the present study, promoting the sexual function of pregnant women needs to include the sex education on prenatal care. Whereas spouses' participation was suggested to have a great role in the effectiveness and strengthening of the education in various studies, this study showed that the lack of spouses' participation for whatever reasons may lead to the same results of previous studies which emphasized the necessity of spouses' participation.

The Effects of Consumer Education on Consumer Search.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fast, Janet; And Others

1989-01-01

A study investigated the relationship between selected consumer and marketplace characteristics and consumers' prepurchase allocation of search time among information sources (product test reports; dealer sales representatives; advertisements; family and friends). The household production model proved useful; written educational materials appeared…

Advanced Technology for Engineering Education

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Noor, Ahmed K. (Compiler); Malone, John B. (Compiler)

1998-01-01

This document contains the proceedings of the Workshop on Advanced Technology for Engineering Education, held at the Peninsula Graduate Engineering Center, Hampton, Virginia, February 24-25, 1998. The workshop was jointly sponsored by the University of Virginia's Center for Advanced Computational Technology and NASA. Workshop attendees came from NASA, other government agencies, industry and universities. The objectives of the workshop were to assess the status of advanced technologies for engineering education and to explore the possibility of forming a consortium of interested individuals/universities for curriculum reform and development using advanced technologies. The presentations covered novel delivery systems and several implementations of new technologies for engineering education. Certain materials and products are identified in this publication in order to specify adequately the materials and products that were investigated in the research effort. In no case does such identification imply recommendation or endorsement of products by NASA, nor does it imply that the materials and products are the only ones or the best ones available for this purpose. In many cases equivalent materials and products are available and would probably produce equivalent results.

An Educational Programming Framework for a Subset of Students with Diverse Learning Needs: Borderline Intellectual Functioning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaw, Steven R.

2008-01-01

Students with intelligence test scores between 70 and 85 frequently fall into the gap between general and special education. Students with borderline intellectual functioning are a large population at-risk for school failure. Recent educational trends (e.g., the use of response to intervention models of special education eligibility,…

Leader Training Conference Report. (Second, February 3-19, 1969).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Michigan-Ohio Regional Educational Lab., Inc., Detroit.

The purpose of this conference was to prepare key people in the field of education to function as inservice education leaders in their respective settings. The design called for participants to learn what the MOREL inservice education program is and what it hopes to accomplish, to identify the role and functions of the inservice education leader,…

Investigation on the Practice of the Functional Behavioral Assessment: Survey of Educators and Their Experiences in the Field

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moreno, Gerardo; Wong-Lo, Mickie; Bullock, Lyndal M.

2017-01-01

The functional behavioral assessment (FBA) has been a hallmark practice amongst educators working with students demonstrating challenging behaviors. Although the process has been mandated in special education since the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1997, the FBA varies in form and implementation across the United States of America…

Creative Survival in Educational Bureaucracies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brubaker, Dale L.; Nelson, Roland H., Jr.

In order to survive creativity in and change educational organizations, the decision-maker needs to understand how these organizations presently function. Educational organizations are discussed as sociopolitical systems and a conceptual framework is proposed for analysis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The five functions that…

Training tomorrow's doctors to explain 'medically unexplained' physical symptoms: An examination of UK medical educators' views of barriers and solutions.

PubMed

Joyce, Emmeline; Cowing, Jennifer; Lazarus, Candice; Smith, Charlotte; Zenzuck, Victoria; Peters, Sarah

2018-05-01

Co-occuring physical symptoms, unexplained by organic pathology (known as Functional Syndromes, FS), are common and disabling presentations. However, FS is absent or inconsistently taught within undergraduate medical training. This study investigates the reasons for this and identifies potential solutions to improved implementation. Twenty-eight medical educators from thirteen different UK medical schools participated in semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis proceeded iteratively, and in parallel with data production. Barriers to implementing FS training are beliefs about the complexity of FS, tutors' negative attitudes towards FS, and FS being perceived as a low priority for the curriculum. In parallel participants recognised FS as ubiquitous within medical practice and erroneously assumed it must be taught by someone. They recommended that students should learn about FS through managed exposure, but only if tutors' negative attitudes and behaviour are also addressed. Negative attitudes towards FS by educators prevents designing and delivering effective education on this common medical presentation. Whilst there is recognition of the need to implement FS training, recommendations are multifaceted. Increased liaison between students, patients and educators is necessary to develop more informed and effective teaching methods for trainee doctors about FS and in order to minimise the impact of the hidden curriculum. Crown Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Special Considerations for Using Functional Behavior Assessment and Functionally-Indicated Interventions with Students in Alternative Educational Settings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ennis, Robin Parks; Jolivette, Kristine; Swoszowski, Nicole Cain

2017-01-01

Functional behavior assessment (FBA) is the process of collecting data to determine the function of an individual's behavior to develop a functionally-indicated behavioral intervention (BIP). Special adaptations may be needed to conduct FBA and implement BIPs in alternative educational settings. In this article, we highlight suggestions for…

Developing A Large-Scale, Collaborative, Productive Geoscience Education Network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Manduca, C. A.; Bralower, T. J.; Egger, A. E.; Fox, S.; Ledley, T. S.; Macdonald, H.; Mcconnell, D. A.; Mogk, D. W.; Tewksbury, B. J.

2012-12-01

Over the past 15 years, the geoscience education community has grown substantially and developed broad and deep capacity for collaboration and dissemination of ideas. While this community is best viewed as emergent from complex interactions among changing educational needs and opportunities, we highlight the role of several large projects in the development of a network within this community. In the 1990s, three NSF projects came together to build a robust web infrastructure to support the production and dissemination of on-line resources: On The Cutting Edge (OTCE), Earth Exploration Toolbook, and Starting Point: Teaching Introductory Geoscience. Along with the contemporaneous Digital Library for Earth System Education, these projects engaged geoscience educators nationwide in exploring professional development experiences that produced lasting on-line resources, collaborative authoring of resources, and models for web-based support for geoscience teaching. As a result, a culture developed in the 2000s in which geoscience educators anticipated that resources for geoscience teaching would be shared broadly and that collaborative authoring would be productive and engaging. By this time, a diverse set of examples demonstrated the power of the web infrastructure in supporting collaboration, dissemination and professional development . Building on this foundation, more recent work has expanded both the size of the network and the scope of its work. Many large research projects initiated collaborations to disseminate resources supporting educational use of their data. Research results from the rapidly expanding geoscience education research community were integrated into the Pedagogies in Action website and OTCE. Projects engaged faculty across the nation in large-scale data collection and educational research. The Climate Literacy and Energy Awareness Network and OTCE engaged community members in reviewing the expanding body of on-line resources. Building Strong Geoscience Departments sought to create the same type of shared information base that was supporting individual faculty for departments. The Teach the Earth portal and its underlying web development tools were used by NSF-funded projects in education to disseminate their results. Leveraging these funded efforts, the Climate Literacy Network has expanded this geoscience education community to include individuals broadly interested in fostering climate literacy. Most recently, the InTeGrate project is implementing inter-institutional collaborative authoring, testing and evaluation of curricular materials. While these projects represent only a fraction of the activity in geoscience education, they are important drivers in the development of a large, national, coherent geoscience education network with the ability to collaborate and disseminate information effectively. Importantly, the community is open and defined by active participation. Key mechanisms for engagement have included alignment of project activities with participants needs and goals; productive face-to-face and virtual workshops, events, and series; stipends for completion of large products; and strong supporting staff to keep projects moving and assist with product production. One measure of its success is the adoption and adaptation of resources and models by emerging projects, which results in the continued growth of the network.

Education and Physical Activity Mediate the Relationship between Ethnicity and Cognitive Function in Late Middle Aged Adults

PubMed Central

Masel, Meredith C.; Raji, Mukaila; Peek, M. Kristen

2013-01-01

Objective Minority status has been implicated as a risk factor for disparate scores on cognitive function tests in older adults. Research on ethnicity and cognitive function has yielded socioeconomic status (SES), particularly education, as a primary reason for the discrepancy. Other factors, such as physical activity may provide insight into the relationship. Despite this knowledge, few studies have thoroughly examined the mediating characteristics of education or physical activity in the relationship between ethnicity and cognitive function in younger aged groups. Most research conducted focuses only on older adults during a time when degeneration of brain tissue may complicate the exploration of the relationships among ethnicity and cognitive function. The current research will expand existing knowledge about education, physical activity, and cognitive function in minority groups. Design The study presents data from the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative sample of late middle aged white, black, and Hispanic adults (n=9,204, mean age +-sd=55.8+-3.1). Regression and mediation testing determined the mediating effects of education and physical activity in the relationship between ethnicity and cognitive function. Results Significant association between white ethnicity and higher scores on cognitive tests was evident as early as late middle age. The magnitude of the association significantly diminished on adjusting for education and leisure time physical activity. Conclusion Our data suggest a potential mediating role of education and physical activity on the ethnic differences in cognitive tests in late middle aged white, black, and Hispanic adults. Our findings suggest a need for studies to understand if adult education and culturally-appropriate physical activity interventions in middle age influence ethnic disparities in prevalence of cognitive impairment in old age. PMID:20401816

The Construction of Higher Education Entrepreneur Services Network System a Research Based on Ecological Systems Theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xue, Jingxin

The article aims to completely, systematically and objectively analyze the current situation of Entrepreneurship Education in China with Ecological Systems Theory. From this perspective, the author discusses the structure, function and its basic features of higher education entrepreneur services network system, and puts forward the opinion that every entrepreneurship organization in higher education institution does not limited to only one platform. Different functional supporting platforms should be combined closed through composite functional organization to form an integrated network system, in which each unit would impels others' development.

Acceptability of Functional Behavioral Assessment Procedures to Special Educators and School Psychologists

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Neill, Robert E.; Bundock, Kaitlin; Kladis, Kristin; Hawken, Leanne S.

2015-01-01

This survey study assessed the acceptability of a variety of functional behavioral assessment (FBA) procedures (i.e., functional assessment interviews, rating scales/questionnaires, systematic direct observations, functional analysis manipulations) to a national sample of 123 special educators and a state sample of 140 school psychologists.…

Functional Assessment-Based Interventions: Focusing on the Environment and Considering Function

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oakes, Wendy Peia; Lane, Kathleen Lynne; Hirsch, Shanna Eisner

2018-01-01

It can be challenging for educators to select intervention tactics based on the function of the student's behavior. In this article, authors offer practical information on behavioral function and environmental-focused intervention ideas for educators developing behavior intervention plans. Ideas are organized according to the hypothesized function…

Linking Brief Functional Analysis to Intervention Design in General Education Settings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ishuin, Tifanie

2009-01-01

This study focused on the utility and applicability of brief functional analysis in general education settings. The purpose of the study was to first identify the environmental variables maintaining noncompliance through a brief functional analysis, and then to design and implement a functionally equivalent intervention. The participant exhibited…

The Creative Learning Group Drug Education Program Developed by the Creative Learning Group. Product Development Report No. 6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Lorna J.; Kratochvil, Daniel W.

This report of the development of a drug-educational product which appears to have potential impact, is based upon published materials, documents in the files of the developing agency, and interviews with staff who were involved in the development of the product. The long-range goal of the drug program is to encourage young people to develop…

Using a Materials Database System as the Backbone for a Certified Quality System (AS/NZS ISO 9001:1994) for a Distance Education Centre.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hughes, Norm

The Distance Education Center (DEC) of the University of Southern Queensland (Australia) has developed a unique materials database system which is used to monitor pre-production, design and development, production and post-production planning, scheduling, and distribution of all types of materials including courses offered only on the Internet. In…

Exploring Features of Highly Productive Research Contexts in Asia: A Comparison of Knowledge Production in Educational Leadership in Israel and Hong Kong

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hallinger, Philip; Bryant, Darren A.

2016-01-01

A recent review of research identified two Asian societies that represented "positive outliers" in the production of published knowledge on educational leadership and management: Hong Kong and Israel. These were the only Asian societies that had produced a critical mass of publications in this field in international journals over the…

An Analysis of Efficiency in Senior Secondary Schools in the Gambia 2006-2008: Educational Inputs and Production of Credits in English and Mathematics Subjects

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sillah, B. M. S.

2012-01-01

This paper employs a stochastic production frontier model to assess the efficiency of the senior secondary schools in the Gambia. It examines their efficiency in using and mixing the educational inputs of average teacher salary, average teacher education, average teacher experience and students-to-teacher ratio in producing the number of students…

Syntactic processing as a marker for cognitive impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

PubMed Central

Tsermentseli, Stella; Leigh, P. Nigel; Taylor, Lorna J.; Radunovic, Aleksandar; Catani, Marco; Goldstein, Laura H.

2016-01-01

Despite recent interest in cognitive changes in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), investigations of language function looking at the level of word, sentence and discourse processing are relatively scarce. Data were obtained from 26 patients with sporadic ALS and 26 healthy controls matched for age, education, gender, anxiety, depression and executive function performance. Standardized language tasks included confrontation naming, semantic access, and syntactic comprehension. Quantitative production analysis (QPA) was used to analyse connected speech samples of the Cookie Theft picture description task. Results showed that the ALS patients were impaired on standardized measures of grammatical comprehension and action/verb semantics. At the level of discourse, ALS patients were impaired on measures of syntactic complexity and fluency; however, the latter could be better explained by disease related factors. Discriminant analysis revealed that syntactic measures differentiated ALS patients from controls. In conclusion, patients with ALS exhibit deficits in receptive and expressive language on tasks of comprehension and connected speech production, respectively. Our findings suggest that syntactic processing deficits seem to be the predominant feature of language impairment in ALS and that these deficits can be detected by relatively simple language tests. PMID:26312952

Syntactic processing as a marker for cognitive impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

PubMed

Tsermentseli, Stella; Leigh, P Nigel; Taylor, Lorna J; Radunovic, Aleksandar; Catani, Marco; Goldstein, Laura H

2015-01-01

Despite recent interest in cognitive changes in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), investigations of language function looking at the level of word, sentence and discourse processing are relatively scarce. Data were obtained from 26 patients with sporadic ALS and 26 healthy controls matched for age, education, gender, anxiety, depression and executive function performance. Standardized language tasks included confrontation naming, semantic access, and syntactic comprehension. Quantitative production analysis (QPA) was used to analyse connected speech samples of the Cookie Theft picture description task. Results showed that the ALS patients were impaired on standardized measures of grammatical comprehension and action/verb semantics. At the level of discourse, ALS patients were impaired on measures of syntactic complexity and fluency; however, the latter could be better explained by disease related factors. Discriminant analysis revealed that syntactic measures differentiated ALS patients from controls. In conclusion, patients with ALS exhibit deficits in receptive and expressive language on tasks of comprehension and connected speech production, respectively. Our findings suggest that syntactic processing deficits seem to be the predominant feature of language impairment in ALS and that these deficits can be detected by relatively simple language tests.

Dynamic optimization case studies in DYNOPT tool

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ozana, Stepan; Pies, Martin; Docekal, Tomas

2016-06-01

Dynamic programming is typically applied to optimization problems. As the analytical solutions are generally very difficult, chosen software tools are used widely. These software packages are often third-party products bound for standard simulation software tools on the market. As typical examples of such tools, TOMLAB and DYNOPT could be effectively applied for solution of problems of dynamic programming. DYNOPT will be presented in this paper due to its licensing policy (free product under GPL) and simplicity of use. DYNOPT is a set of MATLAB functions for determination of optimal control trajectory by given description of the process, the cost to be minimized, subject to equality and inequality constraints, using orthogonal collocation on finite elements method. The actual optimal control problem is solved by complete parameterization both the control and the state profile vector. It is assumed, that the optimized dynamic model may be described by a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) or differential-algebraic equations (DAEs). This collection of functions extends the capability of the MATLAB Optimization Tool-box. The paper will introduce use of DYNOPT in the field of dynamic optimization problems by means of case studies regarding chosen laboratory physical educational models.

Assessing Children with Traumatic Brain Injuries: Integrating Educational and Medical Issues.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaw, Steven R.; Yingst, Christine A.

1992-01-01

This overview of traumatic brain injuries discusses (1) incidence and prevalence; (2) characteristics; (3) the recovery process; and (4) educational/medical assessment, including premorbid functioning, current functioning, educationally relevant medical issues, and amount and type of family support. (JDD)

Culture in Education and Mass Media: Conformation or Confrontation?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mosa, Ali Abdullah

1999-01-01

Discusses the concept of culture in light of the technological revolution that has crossed traditional geopolitical boundaries. Topics include the function of education; the function of mass media; and a comparison of how educational and mass media institutions affect culture. (Author/LRW)

Looking back to move forward: using history, discourse and text in medical education research: AMEE guide no. 73.

PubMed

Kuper, Ayelet; Whitehead, Cynthia; Hodges, Brian David

2013-01-01

As medical education research continues to diversify methodologically and theoretically, medical education researchers have been increasingly willing to challenge taken-for-granted assumptions about the form, content and function of medical education. In this AMEE guide we describe historical, discourse and text analysis approaches that can help researchers and educators question the inevitability of things that are currently seen as 'natural'. Why is such questioning important? By articulating our assumptions and interrogating the 'naturalness' of the status quo, one can then begin to ask why things are the way they are. Researchers can, for example, ask whether the models of medical education organization and delivery that currently seem 'natural' to them have been developed in order to provide the most benefit to students or patients--or whether they have, rather, been developed in ways that provide power to faculty members, medical schools or the medical profession as a whole. An understanding of the interplay of practices and power is a valuable tool for opening up the field to new possibilities for better medical education. The recognition that our current models, rather than being 'natural', were created in particular historical contexts for any number of contingent reasons leads inexorably to the possibility of change. For if our current ways of doing things are not, in fact, inevitable, not only can they be questioned, they can be made better; they can changed in ways that are attentive to whom they benefit, are congruent with our current beliefs about best practice and may lead to the production of better doctors.

The independent influences of age and education on functional brain networks and cognition in healthy older adults.

PubMed

Perry, Alistair; Wen, Wei; Kochan, Nicole A; Thalamuthu, Anbupalam; Sachdev, Perminder S; Breakspear, Michael

2017-10-01

Healthy aging is accompanied by a constellation of changes in cognitive processes and alterations in functional brain networks. The relationships between brain networks and cognition during aging in later life are moderated by demographic and environmental factors, such as prior education, in a poorly understood manner. Using multivariate analyses, we identified three latent patterns (or modes) linking resting-state functional connectivity to demographic and cognitive measures in 101 cognitively normal elders. The first mode (P = 0.00043) captures an opposing association between age and core cognitive processes such as attention and processing speed on functional connectivity patterns. The functional subnetwork expressed by this mode links bilateral sensorimotor and visual regions through key areas such as the parietal operculum. A strong, independent association between years of education and functional connectivity loads onto a second mode (P = 0.012), characterized by the involvement of key hub regions. A third mode (P = 0.041) captures weak, residual brain-behavior relations. Our findings suggest that circuits supporting lower level cognitive processes are most sensitive to the influence of age in healthy older adults. Education, and to a lesser extent, executive functions, load independently onto functional networks-suggesting that the moderating effect of education acts upon networks distinct from those vulnerable with aging. This has important implications in understanding the contribution of education to cognitive reserve during healthy aging. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5094-5114, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Alabama Institute for Deaf and Blind Biodiesel Project Green

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Edmiston, Jessica L

2012-09-28

Through extensive collaboration, Alabama Institute for Deaf and Blind (AIDB) is Alabama's first educational entity to initiate a biodiesel public education, student training and production program, Project Green. With state and national replication potential, Project Green benefits local businesses and city infrastructures within a 120-mile radius; provides alternative education to Alabama school systems and to schools for the deaf and blind in Appalachian States; trains students with sensory and/or multiple disabilities in the acquisition and production of biodiesel; and educates the external public on alternative fuels benefits.

Guia Para El Mejoramiento de la Produccion de Materiales Para la Educacion Formal y No Formal. Guias Metodologicas No. 6. (Guide for the Improvement of Production of Educational Materials for Formal and Non-formal Education. Methodology Guide No. 6). Revised Proceedings from the Regional Workshop on Improvement of the Production of Educational Materials on Teaching Population Education: Primary and Secondary Level (Santiago, Chile, May 27-June 5, 1987).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Calvo, Gilbert

Various educators from Latin and Central America and the Caribbean met to design and produce materials for teaching family life, human sexuality, community life, and environmental studies. They concluded that the materials should meet community standards; help prepare for future change; develop working models for designing effective teaching…

The Role of the State Department of Education in Managing Teacher Education and Certification.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Golden, William Cecil

The Florida State Department of Education research and development program is aimed at transforming three significant educational ideas into possibilities: increased productivity in the educational system, increased accountability for educational programs, and continuing self-renewal in all of education. Target dates provide that by 1972…

K-12 Education

Science.gov Websites

reached out to elementary and high school students to expose them to earthquakes in a hands-on products laboratories publications nisee b.i.p. members education FAQs links education Education Program Internships K-12 Education Contact the PEER Education Program PEER's Educational Affiliates Student Design

Institutional Research Productivity in Science Education for the 1990s: Top 30 Rankings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barrow, Lloyd H.; Settlage, John; Germann, Paul J.

2008-08-01

The purpose of this study was to identify the major science education programs in the United States, where the science education researchers published their research. This research is the first study of the scholarly productivity of science education programs at domestic institutions of higher education. Each issue of the eight research journals ( Journal of Research in Science Teaching, Science Education, International Journal of Science Education, Journal of Science Teacher Education, School Science and Mathematics, Journal of Computers in Math and Science Teaching, Journal of Science Education and Technology, and Journal of Elementary Science Education) published in the 1990s provided the author(s) and their institutional affiliation. The resultant ranking of raw and weighted counts for the top 30 science educations programs shows variation in journals where research was published. Overall, regardless whether the total number of publications (raw) or weighted rating there was 90% agreement among top 10 and 70% agreement among the bottom 10. Potential explanations for variations and uses for rankings are discussed.

Using Android-Based Educational Game for Learning Colloid Material

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sari, S.; Anjani, R.; Farida, I.; Ramdhani, M. A.

2017-09-01

This research is based on the importance of the development of student’s chemical literacy on Colloid material using Android-based educational game media. Educational game products are developed through research and development design. In the analysis phase, material analysis is performed to generate concept maps, determine chemical literacy indicators, game strategies and set game paths. In the design phase, product packaging is carried out, then validation and feasibility test are performed. Research produces educational game based on Android that has the characteristics that is: Colloid material presented in 12 levels of game in the form of questions and challenges, presents visualization of discourse, images and animation contextually to develop the process of thinking and attitude. Based on the analysis of validation and trial results, the product is considered feasible to use.

Computer Forensics Education - the Open Source Approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huebner, Ewa; Bem, Derek; Cheung, Hon

In this chapter we discuss the application of the open source software tools in computer forensics education at tertiary level. We argue that open source tools are more suitable than commercial tools, as they provide the opportunity for students to gain in-depth understanding and appreciation of the computer forensic process as opposed to familiarity with one software product, however complex and multi-functional. With the access to all source programs the students become more than just the consumers of the tools as future forensic investigators. They can also examine the code, understand the relationship between the binary images and relevant data structures, and in the process gain necessary background to become the future creators of new and improved forensic software tools. As a case study we present an advanced subject, Computer Forensics Workshop, which we designed for the Bachelor's degree in computer science at the University of Western Sydney. We based all laboratory work and the main take-home project in this subject on open source software tools. We found that without exception more than one suitable tool can be found to cover each topic in the curriculum adequately. We argue that this approach prepares students better for forensic field work, as they gain confidence to use a variety of tools, not just a single product they are familiar with.

SHIP1 intrinsically regulates NK cell signaling and education, resulting in tolerance of an MHC class I-mismatched bone marrow graft in mice.

PubMed

Gumbleton, Matthew; Vivier, Eric; Kerr, William G

2015-03-15

NK cells are an important component of host immune defense against malignancy and infection. NK cells are educated by MHC class I ligands to ensure self-tolerance while also promoting lytic competency against altered self and damaged self targets. However, the intracellular molecular events that culminate in tolerance and functional competency of educated NK cells remain undefined. Mice with germline deficiency in SHIP1 were shown to have a defective NK cell compartment. However, SHIP1 is expressed in all hematopoietic lineages, and consequently several hematolymphoid phenotypes have already been identified in certain cell types that are the result of SHIP1 deficiency in cells in separate and distinct lineages, that is, cell-extrinsic phenotypes. Thus, it was previously impossible to determine the NK cell-intrinsic role of SHIP1. In the present study, through the creation of an NK cell-specific deletion mouse model of SHIP1, we show that SHIP1 plays a profound NK lineage-intrinsic role in NK cell homeostasis, development, education, and cytokine production. Moreover, we show SHIP1 expression by NK cells is required for in vivo-mismatched bone marrow allograft rejection as well as for NK memory responses to hapten. Copyright © 2015 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.

The Status of Education and Its Consequences for Educational Research: An Anthropological Exploration

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scott, Catherine

2010-01-01

Education as an institution fulfils the key social functions of promulgation of knowledge and the development of future citizens. Rather than these key functions earning it respect, education and its practitioners are the targets of criticism and what Labaree calls "scorn". This article seeks to progress the work done by Labaree on the origins of…

The socioeconomic origins of physical functioning among older U.S. adults.

PubMed

Montez, Jennifer Karas

2013-12-01

Mounting evidence finds that adult health reflects socioeconomic circumstances (SES) in early life and adulthood. However, it is unclear how the health consequences of SES in early life and adulthood accumulate-for example, additively, synergistically. This study tests four hypotheses about how the health effects of early-life SES (measured by parental education) and adult SES (measured by own education) accumulate to shape functional limitations, whether the accumulation differs between men and women, and the extent to which key mechanisms explain the accumulation. It uses data from the 1994-2010 Health and Retirement Study on U.S. adults 50-100 years of age (N=24,026). The physical functioning benefits of parental and own education accumulated additively among men. While the physical functioning benefits generally accumulated among women, the functioning benefits from one's own education were dampened among women with low-educated mothers. The dampening partly reflected a strong tie between mothers' education level and women's obesity risk. Taken together, the findings reveal subtle differences between men and women in the life course origins of physical functioning. They also shed light on a key mechanism-obesity-that may help explain why a growing number of studies find that early-life SES is especially important for women's health. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Factors affecting cognitive function according to gender in community-dwelling elderly individuals.

PubMed

Kim, Miwon; Park, Jeong-Mo

2017-01-01

This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the cognitive function of elderly people in a community by gender. We obtained 4,878 secondary data of people aged ≥65 years in 2016 at a dementia prevention center in Gyeyang-gu, Incheon. Data were obtained through Mini-Mental Status Examination optimized for screening dementia and a questionnaire. The data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance, analysis of covariance, and hierarchical regression. There were significant differences in cognitive function according to gender, and the differences were significant even when age was controlled, but gender differences disappeared when education was controlled. Age, education, social activities, number of comorbid diseases, and alcohol drinking affected cognitive function through interaction with gender, but interaction with gender disappeared when education was controlled. Regression analysis showed that depression, cohabitant, social activities etc., had a significant impact on both men and women under controlled education and age. In men, the effect of social activities was greater than that of women, and hyperlipidemia had the effect only in women. The differences in gender-related cognitive functions were due to differences in gender education period. The period of education is considered to have a great influence on cognitive function in relation to the economic level, occupation, and social activity.

Factors affecting cognitive function according to gender in community-dwelling elderly individuals

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the cognitive function of elderly people in a community by gender. METHODS We obtained 4,878 secondary data of people aged ≥65 years in 2016 at a dementia prevention center in Gyeyang-gu, Incheon. Data were obtained through Mini-Mental Status Examination optimized for screening dementia and a questionnaire. The data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance, analysis of covariance, and hierarchical regression. RESULTS There were significant differences in cognitive function according to gender, and the differences were significant even when age was controlled, but gender differences disappeared when education was controlled. Age, education, social activities, number of comorbid diseases, and alcohol drinking affected cognitive function through interaction with gender, but interaction with gender disappeared when education was controlled. Regression analysis showed that depression, cohabitant, social activities etc., had a significant impact on both men and women under controlled education and age. In men, the effect of social activities was greater than that of women, and hyperlipidemia had the effect only in women. CONCLUSIONS The differences in gender-related cognitive functions were due to differences in gender education period. The period of education is considered to have a great influence on cognitive function in relation to the economic level, occupation, and social activity. PMID:29141399

Professional Preparation in Physical Education and Coaching.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, Washington, DC.

This booklet is the product of a conference of the American Association of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, the purpose of which was to revise professional preparation quidelines in dance, physical education, recreation education, and health and safety education. This report includes sections on physical education and coaching and on…

The Effects of Educational Reform

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vasquez-Martinez, Claudio-Rafael; Giron, Graciela; De-La-Luz-Arellano, Ivan; Ayon-Bañuelos, Antonio

2013-01-01

Educational reform implies questions of social production and of state regulation that are the key words in educational reform, education and educational policies. These reforms are always on the political agenda of countries and involve international organisms, since education is a vehicle of development for social progress. A point of departure…

GPL Report: The Broad Federal Investment in Educational R&D.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florio, David H.

1979-01-01

This article describes the breadth of federal support for educational knowledge production and application. Support from the Education Division of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare is discussed in detail. (Author/MC)