Sample records for em microondas parte

  1. Estudo em microondas do aprisionamento e precipitação de elétrons em explosões solares

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rosal, A. C.; Costa, J. E. R.

    2003-08-01

    Uma explosão solar é uma variação rápida e intensa do brilho que ocorre nas chamadas regiões ativas da atmosfera, constituídas por um plasma magnetizado com intensa indução magnética. Os modelos de explosões solares atuais, discutidos na literatura, apresentam características de aprisionamento e precipitação de elétrons em ambientes magnéticos simplificados. Neste trabalho, nos propusemos a separar a emissão dos elétrons aprisionados da emissão dos elétrons em precipitação apenas a partir da emissão em microondas, melhorando portanto o controle sobre o conjunto de parâmetros inferidos. A emissão em microondas da população em precipitação é bastante fraca e portanto da nossa base de dados de 130 explosões observadas pelo Rádio Polarímetro de Nobeyama, em sete freqüências, apenas para 32 foi possível separar as duas componentes de emissão com uma boa razão sinal/ruído. A partir de estudos das escalas de tempo das emissões devidas à variação gradual da emissão no aprisionamento e da variação rápida da emissão dos elétrons em precipitação foi possível obter a separação utilizando um filtro temporal nas emissões resultantes. Em nossa análise destas explosões estudamos os espectros girossincrotrônicos da emissão gradual, a qual associamos provir do topo dos arcos magnéticos e da emissão de variação rápida associada aos elétrons em precipitação. Estes espectros foram calculados e dos quais inferimos que a indução magnética efetiva do topo e dos pés foi em média, Btopo = 236 G e Bpés = 577 G, inferidas das freqüências de pico dos espectros em ntopo = 11,8 GHz e npés = 14,6 GHz com leve anisotropia (pequeno alargamento espectral). O índice espectral da distribuição não-térmica de elétrons d, inferido do índice espectral de fótons da emissão em regime opticamente fino, foi de dtopo = 3,3 e dpés = 3,9. Estes parâmetros são típicos da maioria das análises realizadas em ambiente único de emissão e a relação dos índices espectrais, dpés > dtopo prioriza as interpretações com difusão em ângulo de passo devida a colisões Coulombianas. Nesta difusão o déficit de elétrons energéticos na precipitação seria uma conseqüência natural da dependência em e-3/2 das colisões elétron-próton (onde e é a energia dos elétrons).

  2. Microstructure design of titanate-based electroceramics =

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Amaral, Luis Miguel de Almeida

    Electrocerâmicos sao uma classe de materiais avancados com propriedades electricas valiosas para aplicacoes. Estas propriedades sao geralmente muito dependentes da microestrutura dos materiais. Portanto, o objectivo geral deste trabalho e investigar o desenho da resposta dielectrica de filmes espessos obtidos por Deposicao Electroforetica (EPD) e cerâmicos monoliticos, atraves do controlo da evolucao da microestrutura durante a sinterizacao de electrocerâmicos a base de titanatos. Aplicacoes sem fios na industria microelectronica e de comunicacoes, em rapido crescimento, tornaram-se um importante mercado para os fabricantes de semicondutores. Devido a constante necessidade de miniaturizacao, reducao de custos e maior funcionalidade e integracao, a tecnologia de filmes espessos esta a tornar-se uma abordagem de processamento de materiais funcionais cada vez mais importante. Uma tecnica adequada neste contexto e EPD. Os filmes espessos resultantes necessitam de um passo subsequente de sinterizacao que e afectada pelo substrato subjacente, tendo este um forte efeito sobre a evolucao da microestrutura. Relacionado com a miniaturizacao e a discriminacao do sinal, materiais dielectricos usados como componentes operando a frequencias das microondas em aplicacoes na industria microelectronica de comunicacoes devem apresentar baixas perdas dielectricas e elevadas permitividade dielectrica e estabilidade com a temperatura. Materiais do sistema BaO-Ln2O3- TiO2 (BLnT: Ln = La ou Nd), como BaLa4Ti4O15 (BLT) e Ba4.5Nd9Ti18O54 (BNT), cumprem esses requisitos e sao interessantes para aplicacoes, por exemplo, em estacoes de base para comunicacoes moveis ou em ressonadores para telefones moveis, onde a miniaturizacao dos dispositivos e muito importante. Por sua vez, o titanato de estroncio (SrTiO3, STO) e um ferroelectrico incipiente com constante dielectrica elevada e baixas perdas, que encontra aplicacao em, por exemplo, condensadores de camada interna, tirando partido de fronteiras de grao altamente resistivas. A dependencia da permitividade dielectrica do campo electrico aplicado torna este material muito interessante para aplicacoes em dispositivos de microondas sintonizaveis. Materiais a base de STO sao tambem interessantes para aplicacoes termoelectricas, que podem contribuir para a reducao da actual dependencia de combustiveis fosseis por meio da geracao de energia a partir de calor desaproveitado. No entanto, as mesmas fronteiras de grao resistivas sao um obstaculo relativamente a eficiencia do STO para aplicacoes termoelectricas. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).

  3. Implementação de um algoritmo para a limpeza de mapas da RCFM

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Souza, C. L.; Wuensche, C. A.

    2003-08-01

    A Radiação Cósmica de Fundo em Microondas (RCFM), descoberta por Penzias e Wilson em 1965, é uma das ferramentas mais poderosas para o estudo da cosmologia. Com a descoberta de flutuações de temperatura na RCFM, da ordem de uma parte em 105, pelo COBE (1992), uma nova era teve início. Nos últimos onze anos, diversos instrumentos fizeram novas medidas de alta precisão, refinando os resultados apresentados pelo COBE, culminando com os resultados recentes do satélite WMAP. A análise de dados da RCFM, especialmente no caso de experimentos com pequena cobertura do céu, apresenta uma série de dificuldades devido a emissões de contaminantes externos, tais como a emissão da Galáxia e de fontes pontuais, e de ruídos intrínsecos tanto ao sistema de detecção quanto à estratégia de observação do céu. Uma das soluções típicas para a filtragem de dados brutos de um experimento para medir flutuações de temperatura é aplicar um gabarito (template) e um filtro passa alta ao produzir mapas simplificados (sem considerar matrizes de correlação ou covariância). No caso de experimentos que utilizam detectores HEMT, essa combinação de filtros remove, satisfatoriamente, ruídos do tipo 1/f gerados pela instabilidade no ganho do detector acoplado ao movimento do instrumento, definido pela estratégia de observação. Entretanto, o sinal resultante medido, tanto em simulações quanto em séries temporais reais, sugere que parte do sinal cosmológico pode estar sendo removido junto com o ruído dos detectores. Este trabalho descreve as etapas para a produção de um mapa típico (simulado) e os testes preliminares de um algoritmo para remover ruídos do tipo 1/f introduzidos pela estratégia de observação sem prejudicar a qualidade do sinal cosmológico presente no mapa.

  4. Análise da medição do raio solar em ultravioleta

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Saraiva, A. C. V.; Giménez de Castro, C. G.; Costa, J. E. R.; Selhorst, C. L.; Simões, P. J. A.

    2003-08-01

    A medição acurada do raio solar em qualquer banda do espectro eletromagnético é de relevância na formulação e calibração de modelos da estrutura e atmosfera solar. Esses modelos atribuem emissão do contínuo do Sol calmo em microondas à mesma região da linha Ha do Hell. Apresentamos a medição do raio solar em UV com imagens do EIT (Extreme Ultraviolet Image Telescope) entre 1996 e 2002, no comprimento de onda 30,9 nm (Ha do Hell), que se forma na região de transição/cromosfera solar. A técnica utilizada para o cálculo do raio UV foi baseada na transformada Wavelet B3spline. Fizemos um banco de dados com 1 imagem por dia durante o período citado. Obtivemos como resultado o raio médio da ordem de 975.61" e uma diminuição do mesmo para o período citado variando em média -0,45" /ano. Comparamos estes dados com os valores obtidos pelo ROI (Radio Observatório de Itapetinga) em 22/48 GHz e Nobeyama Radio Heliograph em 17 GHz mostrando que os raios médios são muito próximos o que indica que a região de formação nessas freqüências é a mesma conforme os modelos. Comparamos os resultados também com outros índices de atividade solar.

  5. Detecção da fase impulsiva de uma explosão solar gigante até 405 GHz

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Raulin, J.-P.; Makhmutov, V.; Kaufmann, P.; Pacini, A. A.; Luethi, T.; Hudson, H. S.; Gary, D. E.; Yoshimori, M.

    2003-08-01

    A explosão ocorrida no dia 25/08/2001 foi uma das mais intensas do presente ciclo solar em ondas de rádio de altas frequências. Foram medidas em ondas milimétricas e submilimétricas, aproximadamente, 105 e vários milhares de unidades de fluxo solar, respectivamente. Apresentamos um estudo deste evento em múltiplas frequências, desde microondas (1GHz), até ondas submilimétricas (405 GHz) detectadas pelo Telescópio Solar para ondas Submilimétricas (SST). Esta base de dados foi complementada utilizando-se o experimento Yohkoh, incluindo a emissão em raios-X duros e raios-g (até 100 MeV), e imagens em raios-X moles da região ativa envolvida. Enfocamos e discutimos principalmente os seguintes aspectos da fase impulsiva do evento: (i) as implicações deduzidas do espectro eletromagnético, obtido pela primeira vez até 405 GHz; (ii) a dinâmica da região ativa. Os resultados mostram que para explicar o espectro rádio observado, são necessários entre 3.5×1037 e 1.5×1039 elétrons acelerados acima de 20 keV em uma região de campo magnético entre 300 e 800 Gauss. A estimativa do fluxo de fótons que seria produzido por estes elétrons, mostra que grande parte deles não precipitou na baixa atmosfera. A evolução temporal da emissão em raios-X moles revela que a configuração magnética da região ativa foi muito dinâmica durante a fase impulsiva da explosão. Em particular, mostramos que a produção dos elétrons altamente energéticos foi iniciada junto com a aparição, na baixa coroa solar, de um novo sistema compacto de estruturas magnéticas. Este fato sugere que os locais de aceleração estão localizados na baixa atmosfera do Sol, como resultado da interação entre o novo sistema compacto e o campo magnético ambiente da região ativa.

  6. Weathering resistance of thin plasma polymer films on pre-coated steel =

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Serra, Ricardo Gil Henriques

    O trabalho apresentado teve origem no projecto de investigacao “Tailored Thin Plasma Polymers Films for Surface Engineering of Coil Coated Steel”, financiado pelo Programa Europeu ECSC Steel Research. Sistemas de aco galvanizado pre-pintado em banda a base de poliester e poliuretano foram submetidos a um processo de polimerizacao por plasma onde um filme fino foi depositado de modo a modificar as propriedades de superficie. Foram usados reactores de catodo oco, microondas e radio frequencia para a deposicao do polimero fino. Os sistemas preparados foram analisados de modo a verificar a influencia do processo de polimerizacao por plasma na alteracao das propriedades barreira dos sistemas pre-pintados em banda. Foi estudado o efeito dos diferentes passos do processo de polimerizacao por plasma, bem como o efeito de diferentes variaveis operatorias. A mistura precursora foi variada de modo a modificar as propriedades da superficie de modo a poder vir a obter maior hidrofobicidade, maior resistencia a marcas digitais, bem como maior facilidade de limpeza. Os testes foram conduzidos em solucao de NaCl 0,5 M. Para o trabalho foram usadas tecnicas de analise da morfologia da superficie como Microscopia de Forca Atomica e Microscopia Electronica de Varrimento. As propriedades electroquimicas dos sistemas foram estudadas por Espectroscopia de Impedancia Electroquimica. A estrutura dos filmes gerados no processo de polimerizacao por plasma foi caracterizada por Microscopia de Transmissao Electronica. A modificacao das propriedades opticas devido ao processo de polimerizacao por plasma foi tambem obtida.

  7. Estudo de cavidade reentrante supercondutora a ser utilizada nos transdutores paramétricos do detector brasileiro de ondas gravitacionais Mario Schenberg

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ribeiro, K. L.; Furtado, S. R.; Aguiar, O. D.; Frajuca, C.

    2003-08-01

    Cavidades reentrantes de nióbio vêm sendo utilizadas pelo grupo Australiano nos transdutores eletromecânicos paramétricos do detector de ondas gravitacionais Niobè. Esses transdutores paramétricos são ativados por um sinal AC na faixa de microondas (banda X), que é modulado pelo sinal mecânico da vibração da antena esférica, com a variação de um parâmetro, que, no caso, é a capacitância da cavidade. Nós estudamos esse tipo de cavidade, com o objetivo de transformá-la de reentrante aberta para reentrante fechada, de forma a utilizá-la nos transdutores paramétricos do detector brasileiro Mario Schenberg. O desempenho do transdutor depende de alguns parâmetros da cavidade, como a sua Figura de Mérito (Q elétrico) e o seu acoplamento elétrico com o circuito externo. Neste trabalho mostramos a medida do Q elétrico como função do acoplamento, do acabamento superficial interno e do vazamento de microondas da cavidade, e mostramos o desempenho esperado para o detector Mario Schenberg usando uma cavidade supercondutora reentrante fechada de nióbio.

  8. Willis Lamb, Jr., the Hydrogen Atom, and the Lamb Shift

    Science.gov Websites

    1955, Lamb won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his discoveries concerning "the fine structure of , May 7 - September 30, 1979 Fine Structure of the Hydrogen Atom, Part I; Part II; Part III; Part IV ; Part V; Part VI (from Physical Review 1950-1953) Microwave Technique for Determining the Fine Structure

  9. SAAPM 2016 - Eliminate Sexual Assault: Know Your Part, Do Your Part |

    Science.gov Websites

    part of a team of professionals at a command that builds that command climate. Part of that is to not part of a team of professionals at a command that builds that command climate. Part of that is to not the influence of alcohol, so it's important to understand this approach and then be part of the

  10. Soldiers Magazine | Telling the Soldier's story

    Science.gov Websites

    mission Saving 1st Sgt. Jackson, part 2: A life rebuilt A suicidal first sergeant finds the strength to get help for PTSD and reclaim his life. (DoD graphic by Peggy Frierson) Saving 1st Sgt. Jackson, part 2: A life rebuilt Saving 1st Sgt. Jackson, part 2: A life rebuilt Saving 1st Sgt. Jackson part 1: A

  11. STAT FAQs Part 2: Lifetime of PV Panels | State, Local, and Tribal

    Science.gov Websites

    is the productive lifetime and degradation rate of solar PV panels. Question: What is the productive life of solar PV panels, and do they produce the same amount of electricity year-over-year? Answer: The Governments | NREL STAT FAQs Part 2: Lifetime of PV Panels STAT FAQs Part 2: Lifetime of PV

  12. Alternative Fuels Data Center: Vehicle Parts and Equipment to Conserve Fuel

    Science.gov Websites

    Vehicle Parts and Equipment to Conserve Fuel to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Vehicle Parts and Equipment to Conserve Fuel on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Vehicle Parts and Equipment to Conserve Fuel on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center

  13. Espectroscopía de Microondas en Jets Supersónicos

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Alonso, J. L.; López, J. C.; Lesarri, A.; Blanco, S.; Sanz, M. E.; Mata, S.; Cocinero, J. E.; Sánchez, R.

    Complejos con Enlace de Hidrógeno. El entorno de bajas temperaturas de una expansión supersónica es un excelente laboratorio para estudiar el comportamiento conformacional de los complejos con enlace de hidrógeno. Nuestro grupo ha observado por vez primera enlaces de hidrógeno axial y ecuatorial en los complejos de tetrahidropirano, sulfuro de pentametileno y sulfuro de trimetileno con HCl y HF [1-6] generados en las expansiones adiabáticas en He, Ne o Ar y caracterizados por espectroscopía de microondas con transformadas de Fouier. Existe controversia a la hora de considerar a las interacciones C-H\\cdotsO como enlaces de hidrógeno o como simples interacciones de van der Waals. Las interacciones C-H\\cdotsO han sido estudiadas en el dímero del dimetil eter generado en la expansión supersónica y caracterizado por espectroscopía de microondas [7]. Estas interacciones se han analizado en los complejos formados entre los alcanos sustituidos del trifluorometano y difluorometano con oxirano [8] caracterizándose la existencia de interacciones C-F\\cdotsH-C que contribuyen a la estabilización de estos complejos. Ablación Láser: Estructura de Aminoácidos. Los aminoácidos poseen puntos de fusión elevados (>200oC) y se presentan en fases condensadas como formas dipolares (+H3N-CH(R)-COO-) distintas de las neutras de las cadenas polipéptidas. Con el fin de obtener la estructura de estas formas neutras es necesario experimentar en fase gas, en un entorno libre de interacciones como el de una expansión supersónica. Para solventar el problema de su baja presión de vapor, se ha diseñado un nuevo instrumento que combina la espectroscopía de microondas en jet supersónicos con técnicas de ablación láser [9] que evita los métodos de vaporización por calentamiento que conducen a la descomposición de los aminoácidos. Diversos confórmeros de los aminoácidos naturales de la prolina [10], valina [11], cis- y trans- hidroxiprolina, serina, cisteina, ldots han sido caracterizados hasta el presente. Con este mismo dispositivo experimental de ablación láser ha sido igualmente posible generar clusters metálicos como los de Si3, Se-Te, ldots. entre otros. Moléculas generadas por descargas eléctricas. Utilizando diferentes precursores (1,1-difluoroetileno, trifluoroacetileno, acetileno, ldots) diversos fluoropoliinos [12] y fluorometilpoliinos [13] han sido por primera vez generados y caracterizados por sus espectros de rotación en la expansión adiabática de un instrumento de MBFTMW dotado de un dispositivo de descargas. Solvatación en fase gas. La formación de complejos de biomoléculas con agua en fase gas es de gran importancia para entender la naturaleza de la solvatación a escala microscópica. Los complejos indol\\cdotsH2O [14], glicina\\cdotsH2O (mediante ablación láser) azetidinona\\cdotsH2O, azetidinona\\cdots2H2O, ldots entre otros, han sido analizados en fase gas.

  14. NREL to Work with 14 Additional Small Businesses as Part of the DOE Small

    Science.gov Websites

    Business Vouchers Program | NREL | News | NREL to Work with 14 Additional Small Businesses as Part of the DOE Small Business Vouchers Program News Release: NREL to Work with 14 Additional Small Businesses as Part of the DOE Small Business Vouchers Program May 2, 2017 The U.S. Department of Energy's

  15. Frederick Reines and the Neutrino

    Science.gov Websites

    the Detection of the Free Neutrino, DOE Technical Report, August 1953 The Free Antineutrino Absorption Cross Section. Part I. Measurement of the Free Antineutrino Absorption Cross Section. Part II. Expected

  16. Publications - PDF 95-33B | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

    Science.gov Websites

    D-1, C-1, and part of the B-1 quadrangles, east-central Alaska Authors: Clough, J.G., Mull, C.G , Interpretive bedrock geologic map of the Charley River D-1, C-1, and part of the B-1 quadrangles, east-central 1:63,360. http://doi.org/10.14509/1713 Publication Products Maps & Other Oversized Sheets Maps

  17. Publications - PDF 95-33D | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

    Science.gov Websites

    D-1, C-1, and part of the B-1 quadrangles, east-central Alaska Authors: Pinney, D.S., Clough, J.G ., Reifenstuhl, R.R., and Liss, S.A., 1995, Derivative geologic materials map of the Charley River D-1, C-1, and part of the B-1 quadrangles, east-central Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

  18. Sandia National Laboratories: Careers: Work-Life Balance

    Science.gov Websites

    time matters - that's why Sandia is flexible in many ways. Sandia encourages employees to have a or other remote locations when business needs allow. Part-time work. Move from full-time to part-time transitions. Time away from work Vacation. Start accruing at a rate of three weeks per year, and watch your

  19. Publications - PDF 95-33C | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

    Science.gov Websites

    content DGGS PDF 95-33C Publication Details Title: Surficial geologic map of the Charley River D-1, C-1 , and part of the B-1 quadrangles, east-central Alaska Authors: Pinney, D.S., Clough, J.G., and Liss ., 1995, Surficial geologic map of the Charley River D-1, C-1, and part of the B-1 quadrangles, east

  20. Solar Energy Educational Material, Activities and Science Projects

    Science.gov Websites

    ;The sun has produced energy for billions of years. Solar energy is the solar radiation that reaches Energy - Energy from the Sun DOE Documents with Activities/Projects: Web Pages Solar Energy Education , Part I. Energy, Society, and the Sun Solar Energy Education. Reader, Part II. Sun Story. [Includes

  1. Publications - RDF 2015-15 v. 1.1 | Alaska Division of Geological &

    Science.gov Websites

    geochemical data from rocks collected in 2015 in the Tok area, Tanacross A-5, A-6, and parts of adjacent rocks collected in 2015 in the Tok area, Tanacross A-5, A-6, and parts of adjacent quadrangles, Alaska Geophysical Surveys Skip to content State of Alaska myAlaska My Government Resident Business in

  2. Obtaining Parts

    Science.gov Websites

    The Cosmic Connection Parts for the Berkeley Detector Suppliers: Scintillator Eljen Technology 1 obtain the components needed to build the Berkeley Detector. These companies have helped previous the last update. He estimates that the cost to build a detector varies from $1500 to $2700 depending

  3. Publications - PDF 95-33E | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

    Science.gov Websites

    content DGGS PDF 95-33E Publication Details Title: Geologic hazards map of the Charley River D-1, C-1, and part of the B-1 quadrangles, east-central Alaska Authors: Pinney, D.S., Clough, J.G., Reifenstuhl, R.R ., Reifenstuhl, R.R., and Liss, S.A., 1995, Geologic hazards map of the Charley River D-1, C-1, and part of the B

  4. Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing at the ESIF - Video Text Version |

    Science.gov Websites

    system in California, there are different aspects to how that system operates in different parts of the country - different parts of the world. And so it's important for them to be able to test their device Hannigan: So instead of experimenting and trying several different ways in the real world, and maybe you're

  5. Alternative Fuels Data Center: Active Transit

    Science.gov Websites

    : Active Transit on AddThis.com... More in this section... Idle Reduction Parts & Equipment Maintenance Reduction Parts & Equipment Maintenance Driving Behavior Fleet Rightsizing System Efficiency Locate

  6. Partner News | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    Uncharted Waters of Energy Transformation (Part 2) NREL and the Hawaiian Electric Companies are evaluating Electric Navigate Uncharted Waters of Energy Transformation (Part 1) NREL helped the Hawaiian Electric

  7. Partnership Opportunities | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    Uncharted Waters of Energy Transformation (Part 2) April 20, 2018 NREL and Hawaiian Electric Navigate Uncharted Waters of Energy Transformation (Part 1) April 20, 2018 Abundant Renewable Energy Resources Exist

  8. Photovoltaic Research News | Photovoltaic Research | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    20, 2018 NREL and Hawaiian Electric Navigate Uncharted Waters of Energy Transformation (Part 2) NREL Transformation (Part 1) NREL helped the Hawaiian Electric Companies respond to new stability challenges

  9. Solar Research News | Solar Research | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    Transformation (Part 2) NREL and the Hawaiian Electric Companies are evaluating energy trends and simulating Energy Transformation (Part 1) NREL helped the Hawaiian Electric Companies respond to new stability

  10. TRAFFIC - Wildlife Trade

    Science.gov Websites

    in rural diets in more than 60 countries. A TRAFFIC study demonstrated reliance on wild meat is markets in Mexico, parts of the Caribbean, parts of Indonesia and New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands

  11. Alternative Fuels Data Center: Maine Fleets Make Progress with Propane

    Science.gov Websites

    better for the environment and do our part to clean things up. " Doug Havu Maine School environment and do our part to clean things up," said Mechanics Foreman Doug Havu of Maine School Administrative District No. 6 (MSAD 6), the state's third-largest school system. MSAD 6, located just outside

  12. NREL and Hawaiian Electric Navigate Uncharted Waters of Energy

    Science.gov Websites

    Transformation (Part 1) | News | NREL 1) NREL and Hawaiian Electric Navigate Uncharted Waters of Energy Transformation (Part 1) April 23, 2018 The 27.6-MW Eurus solar array on the island of Oahu been a renewable energy transformation at this scale before. There are gaps and issues that we know we

  13. ACHP | News | ACHP Issue Spotlight: Transmission Lines in the West

    Science.gov Websites

    part of their deliberations on approving land use leases, particularly for gas and oil development. A some gas and oil leases based in part on potential impacts on historic properties. Upon appeal by the oil and gas industry challenge to the Bureau of Land Management's eleventh-hour decision last November

  14. Alternative Fuels Data Center: Strategies to Conserve Fuel

    Science.gov Websites

    conserve fuel. Idle Reduction Idle Reduction Find ways to save fuel and money by idling less. Driving save money. Parts and Equipment Parts and Equipment Learn about outfitting your fleet's vehicles with

  15. 10 CFR Appendixes E-M to Part 52 - [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false [Reserved] E Appendixes E-M to Part 52 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) LICENSES, CERTIFICATIONS, AND APPROVALS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS Appendixes E-M to Part 52 [Reserved] ...

  16. 10 CFR Appendixes E-M to Part 52 - [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false [Reserved] E Appendixes E-M to Part 52 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) LICENSES, CERTIFICATIONS, AND APPROVALS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS Appendixes E-M to Part 52 [Reserved] ...

  17. Publications - PDF 95-33A | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

    Science.gov Websites

    the B-1 quadrangles, east-central Alaska Authors: Clough, J.G., Reifenstuhl, R.R., Mull, C.G., Pinney -1, C-1, and part of the B-1 quadrangles, east-central Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & :63,360 (10.0 M) Sheet 2 Geologic map of the Charley River C-1 and part of the B-1 Quadrangle, east

  18. Contribuciones tecnicas para la medida de la contaminacion electromagnetica de microondas. Estudio en diversas poblaciones

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Segura Garcia, Jaume

    La contaminacion ambiental por campos electromagneticos ha resultado ser en estos ultimos anos uno de los problemas mas acuciantes del panorama tecnologico y de salud publica. En el primero de los casos porque las inversiones realizadas son enormes y en el segundo porque cada vez es mayor el numero de articulos, "technical reports" e informes medicos que afirman la existencia de una cierta causalidad, aunque sea debil, entre los campos electromagneticos y ciertos cuadros sintomatologicos. En nuestro caso, hemos dedicado bastantes esfuerzos a investigar el llamado "sindrome de radiofrecuencia / microondas", denominado asi en la literatura cientifica por presentarse en operarios de estaciones de radar y en trabajadores de potentes emisoras de radio y television. En esta memoria presentamos un resumen del trabajo realizado durante los ultimos anos en la medida de la contaminacion electromagnetica ambiental asociado a las comunicaciones inalambricas. En ella se recogen los fundamentos fisicos y propiedades de las ondas electromagneticas, la tecnologia empleada en los sistemas de telefonia celular y los antecedentes relativos a la investigacion de la interaccion de las ondas electromagneticas con organismos vivos. Se desarrolla un procedimiento de medida que ha conducido a la elaboracion de los primeros "mapas de radiofrecuencia" similares, en el aspecto descriptivo, a los mapas de ruido desarrollados en el area de la contaminacion acustica. Por ultimo, se analiza la respuesta subjetiva de los residentes, personas que viven en el entorno de cobertura de las estaciones base de telefonia movil y que se ven sometidos a determinados niveles de radiacion electromagnetica, con el fin de situar este fenomeno al nivel que le corresponde en el ambito de la respuesta subjetiva ciudadana.

  19. The Brightest in Solar Homes to Shine in Public Tour

    Science.gov Websites

    open to the public Oct. 19 as part of the National Solar Home Tour sponsored by the American Solar are taking part in this year's national tour. Locally the homes will be open to the public from 10 a.m

  20. MMAB Mission Statement

    Science.gov Websites

    services. Marine Modeling and Analysis Branch Logo Click here to go to the EMC/MMAB homepage MMAB Mission Statement The Marine Modeling and Analysis Branch is part of the Environmental Modeling Center, which is Environmental Prediction Environmental Modeling Center Marine Modeling and Analysis Branch 5830 University

  1. Compcon '95 Paper

    Science.gov Websites

    has the ability to view various parts of a frog from many different angles, and with the different here - the Virtual Dissection Kit - has been accessed by 50,000 different sites, in over 50 different form document that is a translation of the user interface into a different language (the Virtual Frog

  2. @NWTC Newsletter: Summer 2014 | Wind | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    , Developmental Role in Major Wind Journal Boosting Wind Plant Power Output by 4%-5% through Coordinated Turbine . Part 2: Wind Farm Wake Models New Framework Transforms FAST Wind Turbine Modeling Tool (Fact Sheet ) Sensitivity Analysis of Wind Plant Performance to Key Turbine Design Parameters: A Systems Engineering

  3. 99aa/99ac data sets

    Science.gov Websites

    -redshifted), Observed Flux, Statistical Error (Based on the optimal extraction algorithm of the IRAF packages were acquired using different instrumental settings for the blue and red parts of the spectrum to avoid extracted for systematics checks of the wavelength calibration. Wavelength and flux calibration were applied

  4. NREL Projects Awarded More Than $3 Million to Advance Novel Solar

    Science.gov Websites

    in Grid Operations," evaluating a research solution to better integrate solar power generation funding program, which advances state-of-the-art techniques for predicting solar power generation to Office to advance predictive modeling of solar power as part of its Solar Forecasting 2 funding program

  5. Brian Ball | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    Integration program, developing inverse modeling algorithms to calibrate building energy models, and is part related equipment. This work included developing an engineering grade operator training simulator for an

  6. Preserve America: Questions and Answers

    Science.gov Websites

    preservation efforts and highlight appropriate heritage tourism destinations; and an electronic newsletter , it also directs Federal agencies to take steps to support local preservation and heritage tourism . Tourism is a major national industry, and heritage tourism is fast becoming a significant part of local

  7. NOAA Weather Radio

    Science.gov Websites

    recepción confiable en algunas localidades debido a bloqueos de las señales y/o distancia excesiva de la mensajes NOTA: Servicio de NWR para un condado depende de recepción confiable la señal, la cual cobertura de NWR, o cobertura parcial, serán indicados. Algunos condados o partes de condados

  8. O, Canada: NREL Partnership Produces New Take on Alternative Fueling

    Science.gov Websites

    Fueling Station Locator. The tool, which is part of a significant investment by the Canadian government to to develop a modern, bilingual web tool that makes it easier for drivers of alternative fuel vehicles Locator Tool March 5, 2018 Word of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL) deep transportation

  9. High-Performance Medium- & Heavy-Duty Vehicles | Transportation Research |

    Science.gov Websites

    , as is a range of charging technology options. A study compared a wireless-power-transfer-enabled plug , and Doug DeVoto of NREL's Power Electronics and Electric Machines research group were part of the

  10. DIY Solar Market Analysis Webinar Series: PVWatts® | State, Local, and

    Science.gov Websites

    , and updates the energy prediction algorithms to be in line with the actual performance of modern the latest update." In this webinar, one of the tool's developers explains how the new version of ® Wednesday, July 9, 2014 As part of a Do-It-Yourself Solar Market Analysis summer series, NREL's Solar

  11. Alternative Fuels Data Center

    Science.gov Websites

    Construction Clean Construction is a voluntary program that promotes the reduction of diesel exhaust emissions from construction equipment and vehicles by encouraging proper operations and maintenance, use of emissions-reducing technologies, and use of cleaner fuels. Clean Construction is part of

  12. Virtual Frog Dissection: Interactive 3D Graphics Via the Web

    Science.gov Websites

    Kit''. A student using this kit has the ability to view various parts of a frog from many different angles, and with the different anatomical structures visible or invisible. For example, the student can up to 60 kilobytes for high quality. Clicking on the image yields different results depending on how

  13. The Particle Adventure | What is fundamental? | Fundamental

    Science.gov Websites

    fundamental The atom Is the atom fundamental? Is the nucleus fundamental? Are protons and neutrons fundamental decay What is the Mechanism giving mass to fundamental particles? What is the Mechanism giving mass to fundamental particles? Part 2 How Does the Higgs Boson get its Mass? Finding the Mass of the Higgs Boson

  14. Projects made with the Berkeley Lab Circuit Board

    Science.gov Websites

    dependence of cosmic rays. Greg Poe, a student at Travis High School in Richmond, Texas, received an the journal Physics Education. He used the Berkeley Lab circuit board together with spare parts from New York Schools Cosmic Particle Telescope workshop. Ken Cecire has created a web page which describes

  15. Solar Photovoltaic Manufacturing Cost Analysis | Energy Analysis | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    Solar Photovoltaic Manufacturing Cost Analysis Solar Photovoltaic Manufacturing Cost Analysis NREL's photovoltaic (PV) manufacturing cost analysis-part of our broader effort supporting manufacturing manufacturing sector, and is that growth sustainable? NREL's manufacturing cost analysis studies show that: U.S

  16. Alternative Fuels Data Center

    Science.gov Websites

    Clean Agriculture Clean Agriculture is a voluntary program that promotes the reduction of diesel cleaner fuels. Clean Agriculture is part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Clean information, see the Clean Agriculture website. Point of Contact Jennifer Keller National Clean Diesel

  17. Robert M. Baldwin | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    , upgrading of bio-oil, and advanced biofuels. His interests include: Catalytic fast pyrolysis and bio-oil co Oil," U.S. Patent No. 4,576,708 (1986) Featured Publications "Improving Biomass Pyrolysis of Pyrolysis Oil in Existing Refineries, Part 2," Hydrocarbon Processing (2017) "

  18. Climate Prediction Center

    Science.gov Websites

    Climate Stratosphere Pacific Islands International Desks Climate.gov Climate Test Bed (CTB) JAWF USAID FEWS-NET NWS / NCEP Aviation Weather Center Climate Prediction Center Environmental Modeling Center non-operational server hosts the redesigned web pages developed, thus far, as part of the Climate

  19. Hot Topics: Solar Interconnection Policy | State, Local, and Tribal

    Science.gov Websites

    Governments | NREL Blog » Hot Topics: Solar Interconnection Policy Hot Topics: Solar Renewable Energy Laboratory, discussing the PV interconnection process as part of our Hot Topics series

  20. Alternative Fuels Data Center

    Science.gov Websites

    Fleet Grants The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) administers the Texas Clean Fleet Program (TCFP) as part of the Texas Emissions Reduction Plan (TERP). TCFP encourages owners of fleets current application periods, see the TCEQ TERP website. (Reference Senate Bill 1731, 2017, Texas Statutes

  1. Energy Systems Integration News | Energy Systems Integration Facility |

    Science.gov Websites

    data analytics and forecasting methods to identify correlations between electricity consumption threats, or cyber and physical attacks-our nation's electricity grid must evolve. As part of the Grid other national labs, and several industry partners-to advance resilient electricity distribution systems

  2. PEER Business and Industry Partnership (BIP)

    Science.gov Websites

    PEER logo Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center home about peer news events research Industry Partnership (BIP) Industry and government partners are an integral part of the research program at research and education programs and provides access to PEER researchers and products. Researchers share

  3. Alternative Fuels Data Center

    Science.gov Websites

    School Bus Clean School Bus is a public-private partnership that focuses on reducing children's exposure to harmful diesel exhaust by limiting school bus idling, implementing pollution reduction technologies, improving route logistics, and switching to clean fuels. Clean School Bus is part of the U.S

  4. La Aventura de las Partículas

    Science.gov Websites

    ciertas formas fundamentales. Explore las siguientes rutas que le explicarán la materia del universo! La grande del logo de la Ruta SM) La ruta de las evidencias experimentales : aprenda como los físicos diseà explicación de los "por qué" de las interacciones físicas hay todavía muchos misterios por

  5. Nicholas J. Grundl | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    -3228 Research Interests Application of numerical methods to process problems Fuel and chemical biochemistry and numerical methods), University of Wisconsin at Madison, 2009-2014 Professional Experience Stem Cells Under Defined Conditions," Tissue Engineering Part C Methods (2013)

  6. Fuel Cell System Contaminants Material Screening Data: Text Version |

    Science.gov Websites

    explore the results of fuel cell system contaminants studies. Total Anions [IC] and Total Concentration of Elements [ICP] in Leachate Solutions Material Class Manufacturer Trade Name and Use Grade ICP Total (ppm ) IC Total (ppm) Total Organic Carbon (ppm) Solution Conductivity (µS/cm) Adhesives LORD 2-part

  7. Gut microbes affect circadian rhythms in mice, study says | Argonne

    Science.gov Websites

    showed evidence of a regular daily microbial cycle, with different species flourishing in different parts of the day and producing different compounds as a result. These compounds appear to act on the liver

  8. Design Review and Analysis | Water Power | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    Design Review and Analysis Design Review and Analysis NREL is leveraging its 35 years of experience devices and components. As part of this effort, NREL researchers provide industry partners with design reviews and analyses. In addition to design reviews, NREL offers technical assistance to solve specific

  9. Louisiana Public Scoping Meeting | NOAA Gulf Spill Restoration

    Science.gov Websites

    Archive Home Louisiana Public Scoping Meeting Louisiana Public Scoping Meeting share Posted on February 28 , 2011 | Assessment and Early Restoration Restoration Area Title: Louisiana Public Scoping Meeting Location: Belle Chasse, LA Start Time: 18:30 Description: As part of the public scoping process, the co

  10. Fuel Combustion Laboratory | Transportation Research | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    detection of compounds at sub-parts per billion by volume levels. A high-performance liquid chromatograph ) platform; a high-pressure (1,200- bar) direct-injection system to minimize spray physics effects; and an combustion chamber. A high-speed pressure transducer measures chamber pressure to detect fuel ignition. Air

  11. Energy Systems Integration News | Energy Systems Integration Facility |

    Science.gov Websites

    -matter experts to develop cyber-physical systems security testing methodologies and resilience best the Energy Systems Integration Facility as part of NREL's work with SolarCity and the Hawaiian Electric Companies. Photo by Amy Glickson, NREL Welcome to Energy Systems Integration News, NREL's monthly

  12. NREL Provides PV Holiday Lights for Christmas Tree

    Science.gov Websites

    annual holiday event that began in 1913. The solar array generates electricity during the day by converting sunlight directly into electricity. The electricity is fed directly to the local electrical small part of the electricity used by the Pageant each night, but it's an excellent public demonstration

  13. Largest Generator Validation Yet at the National Wind Technology Center |

    Science.gov Websites

    are many fewer moving parts that can increase maintenance. The 5-MW dynamometer will simulate the is expected to increase by 8% from 2010 to 2020." But despite the fact that the increase in

  14. Education of Students

    Science.gov Websites

    Operations Technology Exchange Initiating Partnerships University Partners Government Partners Industry Partnerships University Partners Government Partners Industry Partners Part of the Automotive Research Center's that are relevant to both the Army and industry. We create research opportunities for Ph.D. and M.S

  15. NREL Publications Win Awards

    Science.gov Websites

    Laboratory earned international awards from the Society for Technical Communications (STC). The awards were part of STC's International Technical Publications Competition. Fifteen publications (including the six international winners) also won awards in STC's Rocky Mountain Chapter's annual Publications, Art & Online

  16. Fermilab | Tevatron | Accelerator

    Science.gov Websites

    Leading accelerator technology Accelerator complex Illinois Accelerator Research Center Fermilab temperature. They were used to transfer particles from one part of the Fermilab accelerator complex to another center ring of Fermilab's accelerator complex. Before the Tevatron shut down, it had three primary

  17. Alternative Fuels Data Center: Propane

    Science.gov Websites

    they work, and find information about vehicle availability, conversions, emissions, maintenance, and Fuel Prices Conserve Fuel Idle Reduction Parts & Equipment Maintenance Driving Behavior Fleet

  18. Cost-Reduction Roadmap Outlines Two Pathways to Meet DOE Residential Solar

    Science.gov Websites

    Cost Target for 2030 | News | NREL Cost-Reduction Roadmap Outlines Two Pathways to Meet DOE Residential Solar Cost Target for 2030 News Release: Cost-Reduction Roadmap Outlines Two Pathways to Meet DOE Residential Solar Cost Target for 2030 Installing photovoltaics at the time of roof replacement or as part of

  19. Darren J. Peterson | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    volatile organic compounds at sub-parts-per-million concentration levels," Sensors and Actuators B : Chemical (2006) "The Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Removal Performance of Desiccant-Based

  20. Iowa Water Center | Iowa Water Center

    Science.gov Websites

    :42 Advancing the state of water knowledge and management The Iowa Water Center is a part of a 10% of that original resource remains, and little to no information exists on the current status or information to assess the condition of wetlands. Information gathered from monitoring wetlands may help answer

  1. Scientific Society AAAS Honors NREL's Tumas as Fellow | News | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    materials chemistry, for pioneering work in green chemistry and energy, and for enlightened scientific management." Tumas, who earned his doctorate in organic chemistry from Stanford University and holds a founding board member of the Green Chemistry Institute, which is now part of the American Chemical Society

  2. NOAA History - Main Page

    Science.gov Websites

    NOAA History Banner gold bar divider home - takes you to index page about the site contacts noaa americas science and service noaa legacy 1807 - 2007 NOAA History is an intrinsic part of the history of Initiative scroll divider More NOAA History from Around the Nation scroll divider drawing of a tornado NOAA

  3. About Our Agency | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

    Science.gov Websites

    our agency Mission & vision Our commitment to science Our history Leadership RDML Tim Gallaudet our evolving planet View our featured experts Our history A weather kite being prepared for launching with kite-reel house in the background. NOAA's history is an intrinsic part of the history of the

  4. ACHP | New and Improved Course: The Section 106 Essentials

    Science.gov Websites

    Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties: 36 CFR Part 68 http://www.nps.gov/history Park Service History and Culture Publications http://www.nps.gov/history/index.htm National Park ://www.nps.gov/history/nagpra/ Technical Preservation Services for Historic Buildings http://www.nps.gov/tps

  5. ACHP | News

    Science.gov Websites

    of Burial Sites, Human Remains, and Funerary Objects The Advisory Council on Historic Preservation voted unanimously to adopt its new "Policy Statement Regarding Treatment of Burial Sites, Human Human Remains and Grave Goods." As part of its outreach effort, the ACHP's Archaeology Task Force

  6. Alternative Fuels Data Center: Newsletters

    Science.gov Websites

    Offers information on the development and maintenance of electric motors, drives, and related components Fuels Fuel Prices Conserve Fuel Idle Reduction Parts & Equipment Maintenance Driving Behavior Fleet

  7. FASTSim Publications | Transportation Research | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    Applications Authors: K. Genikomsakis and G. Mitrentsis Journal: Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Vehicles for Better Greenhouse Gas Reduction Authors: K. Hamza and K. Laberteaux Conference: ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference (August 2016) Optimal Design and Techno-Economic Analysis of a Hybrid Solar

  8. GLCF: Landsat GeoCover

    Science.gov Websites

    Congress of the United States provided NASA with funding to operate a Science Data Purchase, through the auspices of the NASA Stennis Space Centers Commercial Remote Sensing Program, now part of their Earth Science Applications Directorate. NASA Stennis solicited commercial remote sensing companies for potential

  9. Defense.gov Special Report: Travels With Hagel

    Science.gov Websites

    Halifax International Security Forum. Story U.S., Canada Sign Asia-Pacific Cooperation Framework Defense Cooperation Framework as both leaders take part in the Halifax International Security Forum. Story Travel Visits First Zumwalt-class Destroyer Photo Essays Photo Essay: Hagel Attends Halifax International

  10. Benefits | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    benefits package for full- and part-time employees includes medical, dental, and vision coverage effective assignment of 12 months or longer are eligible for: Medical/Dental Insurance Vision Coverage Personal Time

  11. Taylor Elected to Royal Society of London

    Science.gov Websites

    SLAC, 28 May 1997 Taylor Elected to Royal Society of London Richard Taylor, physics professor at statements must be verified by facts. Taylor will travel to London in the near future for his induction, part Isaac Newton and Michael Faraday. Taylor, a Canadian citizen, received his Ph.D. at Stanford in 1962 and

  12. AmericaWalks | 20 Years of Making America a Great Place to Walk

    Science.gov Websites

    Walkable America Take Action Your Action Matters Current Actions Sign the Vision Statement Federal Advocacy Take Action: write a letter, ask for a meeting,... Our activities / coalitions Our testimony / policy Americans who choose to donate and be part of our campaign. Learn More Featured Take Action! Meet our 2018

  13. Kitt Peak National Observatory | ast.noao.edu

    Science.gov Websites

    National Observatory (KPNO), part of the National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), supports the most diverse collection of astronomical observatories on Earth for nighttime optical and infrared astronomy and NOAO is the national center for ground-based nighttime astronomy in the United States and is operated

  14. ACHP | News | Preserve America Initiative Featured on June 4 Live Satellite

    Science.gov Websites

    (NARC)/Economic Development Administration live satellite telecast. The segment on Preserve America will feature Interior Secretary Gale A. Norton, Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Economic Development David segment will be part of the hour-long program titled "Three Rural Economic Development Strategies

  15. Intern Programs | Mentoring

    Science.gov Websites

    guidance are essential parts of what makes the internship experience so enriching in the lives of these , time and skill. What You Can Offer. Think about what you have to give in a mentoring relationship. What mentoring relationship. Identifying Assumptions. Help your mentee understand when he may be operating from

  16. NIST Document Sharing Test Facility

    Science.gov Websites

    NIST Document Sharing Test Facility This site supports the IHE effort in Document Sharing as part . This test facility is based on the IHE IT Infrastructure Technical Framework. All testing done against that Patient IDs be pre-registered before submitting metadata about them. To allocate new patient IDs

  17. Defense.gov Special Report: 2011 Warrior Games

    Science.gov Websites

    following closing ceremonies. The Warrior Games were an opportunity for the current and former service members to incorporate athletic training as a part of their overall transition and recovery plan. Story 19. Story Archers Practice Patience, Marksmanship in Training for Warrior Games COLORADO SPRINGS

  18. Western Mountain Initiative - News & Media

    Science.gov Websites

    . [Fountain] Iceland Television. Hofn, Iceland. Interview on climate change and effects of glaciers, June part of plant growth. But in excess, reactive nitrogen leads to adverse effects, causing nutrient the catalog of effects wrought by global warming. "There aren't very many places where you can

  19. DefenseLink Feature: Personal Finance

    Science.gov Websites

    Soldiers Learn Money Skills, Find Peace Deployed soldiers are learning about financial management through Financial Trends, Enjoy Money Management Benefits Soldiers, sailors, airmen and Marines are relatively readiness is a big part of mission readiness. Story Troops Seek Help for Money Woes Military members receive

  20. Climate Prediction Center - Seasonal Outlook

    Science.gov Websites

    SEASONAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY, INCLUDING ENSO, SOIL MOISTURE, AND VARIOUS STATE-OF-THE-ART DYNAMICAL MODEL ACROSS PARTS OF THE EAST-CENTRAL CONUS CENTERED ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER. THIS IS DUE TO VERY HIGH SOIL TRENDS, NEGATIVE SOIL MOISTURE ANOMALIES, LAGGED ENSO REGRESSIONS, AND DYNAMICAL MODEL GUIDANCE ARE ALL

  1. Fermilab Today

    Science.gov Websites

    Erickson recently made his recording debut with the band writing and singing two songs. Tickets are $39 for . Students and faculty involved in NIU's High Energy Physics program, which conducts research on the most semester. "It's fun to play a part in discovering new physics." This fall, NIU's High Energy

  2. Defense.gov Special Report: Travels With Carter

    Science.gov Websites

    . Story Carter Visits Silicon Valley Companies to Enhance DoD Technology Innovation Defense Secretary Ash innovation found in that part of the nation. Story Carter Seeks Tech-sector Partnerships During Two-day the highest-tech companies in one of the nation's innovation hotspots. Story Secretary's Silicon

  3. Fuel Sources | Climate Neutral Research Campuses | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    Fuel Sources Fuel Sources Research campuses can reduce carbon emissions and meet climate action describe how examining fuel sources may fit into your climate action plans. Considerations Sample Project are making this switch as part of their climate action plans. Another important point is the wide

  4. Inspiring Women: Dana Dattelbaum

    Science.gov Websites

    understand that creativity is an essential part of scientific research. "I was fortunate that my high , which both solidified course topics, and shaped my creativity as a research scientist." Explosives

  5. Employment Policies | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    become part of our organization. Learn about visas and immigration. Drug-Free Workplace NREL is committed to a drug-free workplace, and complies with federal laws prohibiting the possession and use of

  6. Alternative Fuels Data Center: Low Rolling Resistance Tires

    Science.gov Websites

    meet their Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards. However, no requirements are currently Rolling Resistance Part 1: Understanding Corporate Average Fuel Economy Definitions 1015 Driving Cycle A

  7. Projeto do sistema anti-ressonante da fiação dos transdutores para o detector Mario Schenberg

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Vieira, S. J.., Jr.; Melo, J. L.

    2003-08-01

    O detector de ondas gravitacionais Mario Schenberg está sendo projetado e construído pelo grupo Gráviton. Sua construção está ocorrendo no Laboratório de Estado Sólido e Baixas Temperaturas (LESBT) da Universidade de São Paulo, na cidade de São Paulo. Esse detector possui uma massa ressonante esférica de cobre-alumínio, com 65 cm de diâmetro, pesando aproximadamente 1150 Kg, suspensa por um sistema de isolamento vibracional, que se encontra em fase de testes preliminares. A real eficácia desse sistema, entretanto, só poderá ser comprovada quando o detector estiver aparelhado com, pelo menos, um transdutor eletromecânico de altíssima sensibilidade acoplado à massa ressonante. Neste momento, não só este sistema de isolamento vibracional será posto em teste, como o do projeto da fiação que transporta os sinais de microondas até os transdutores e destes para a pré-amplificação. Apesar dessa fiação ter sido projetada para não apresentar nenhum contato com a superfície esférica da antena, de maneira a não haver nenhuma transmissão de ruído vibracional do laboratório para esta, deve-se minimizar o ruído microfônico produzido nessa fiação por oscilações mecânicas, uma vez que ela não utiliza nenhum sistema de isolamento vibracional. Com o intuito de resolver este problema, projetamos uma estrutura, formada por pequenos cilindros conectados por barras, a qual não terá nenhuma ressonância mecânica na faixa de freqüências de interesse para detecção (3000 - 3400 Hz). Desta forma, as vibrações nessa faixa não serão amplificadas. O projeto foi feito usando iterativamente, de maneira a otimizar os resultados obtidos, o programa de elementos finitos Msc/Nastran. Através de simulações feitas neste programa, determinamos os parâmetros geométricos ideais a serem utilizados, os quais proporcionam a maior região espectral de interesse livre de ressonâncias.

  8. Running VisIt Software on the Peregrine System | High-Performance Computing

    Science.gov Websites

    kilobyte range. VisIt features a robust remote visualization capability. VisIt can be started on a local machine and used to visualize data on a remote compute cluster.The remote machine must be able to send VisIt module must be loaded as part of this process. To enable remote visualization the 'module load

  9. GOFC-GOLD :: Global Observation of Forest and Land Cover Dynamics

    Science.gov Websites

    Validation: Recommendations for Evaluation and Accuracy Assessment of Global Land Cover Maps, A. Strahler et GOFC-GOLD-38: Report of the GOFC-GOLD/CEOS Workshop on Land Cover Change Accuracy Assessment as part of al., March 2006 860 kb GOFC-GOLD-24: A Revised Strategy for GOFC-GOLD, J.R. Townshend and M.A. Brady

  10. Energy Systems Integration Newsletter | Energy Systems Integration Facility

    Science.gov Websites

    simulated sequences based on a model network. The competitive procurement process provided comparative , procurement help, design reviews, and now construction support. Miramar project support is part of integrated

  11. Alternative Fuels Data Center

    Science.gov Websites

    is defined as repowering a motor vehicle or special mobile equipment by replacing its original retrofitting a motor vehicle or special mobile equipment with parts that enable its original gasoline or diesel

  12. Alternative Fuels Data Center

    Science.gov Websites

    those for comparable conventional vehicles, as long as the AFVs operate using an alternative fuel or both alternative and conventional fuel, when operating on a highway that is not part of the interstate

  13. DIY Solar Market Analysis Webinar Series: Community Solar Scenario Tool |

    Science.gov Websites

    State, Local, and Tribal Governments | NREL Webinar Series: Community Solar Scenario Tool DIY Solar Market Analysis Webinar Series: Community Solar Scenario Tool Wednesday, August 13, 2014 As part ) presented a live webinar titled, "Community Solar Scenario Tool: Planning for a fruitful solar garden

  14. Energy Systems Integration News | Energy Systems Integration Facility |

    Science.gov Websites

    Control of Power Electronics in AC Systems and Microgrids. These courses will be part of a Professional Master's Program in Power Electronics offered through the university. Get more information on the program Scheme for the Voltage Control of a DFIG-Based Wind Power Plant, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics

  15. NREL Technologies Honored at R&D 100 Awards Ceremony | News | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    Buildings research group. The award in the Analytical/Test category went to the Battery Internal Short -Circuit Device developed by Matthew Keyser and Ahmad Pesaran from NREL's Energy Storage research group Advanced Power Electronics and Electric Machines research group were part of that project. Booten and

  16. Alternative Fuels Data Center: Partnerships Cement Long-Term Success for

    Science.gov Websites

    ... March 17, 2015 Partnerships Cement Long-Term Success for Northern Colorado Duo " The educational Kirkmeyer. "The educational and informational forums Sheble and Maria lead are key to helping the expanded their educational efforts. As part of the statewide pilot project Refuel Colorado Fleets, the NCCC

  17. NREL: News - Customer Choice Would Advance Renewable Energy

    Science.gov Websites

    Awarded Xcel Energy Contracts for Renewable Research Golden, Colo., Jan. 03, 2002 The U.S . Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has been selected to perform three research projects, worth $2.8 million, as part of a program to advance renewable energy that is funded by

  18. Memorial Day Special - U.S. Department of Defense Official Website

    Science.gov Websites

    Us Memorial Day 2005 Special Page Ceremony Honors 'Greatest Generations' WASHINGTON, May 30, 2005 chiefs of staff - commemorated this Memorial Day by paying tribute to the tradition of wartime military associated with Memorial Day, servicemembers here took part in a ceremony to commemorate the real reason for

  19. Well-Designed Wholesale Electricity Markets Support System Flexibility |

    Science.gov Websites

    electricity markets drive efficient solutions to meet reliability needs in a least-cost manner, and they can service (which is typically provided by conventional generators as a part of interconnection through cost variable generation and load (net load) economically and reducing use of regulating reserves-cost

  20. Alternative Fuels Data Center: Methanol

    Science.gov Websites

    (CH3OH), also known as wood alcohol, is considered an alternative fuel under the Energy Policy Act of 1992. As an engine fuel, methanol has chemical and physical fuel properties similar to ethanol Ethanol Hydrogen Natural Gas Propane Emerging Fuels Fuel Prices Conserve Fuel Idle Reduction Parts &

  1. Visiting Scholars Program in Building Science at UC Berkeley

    Science.gov Websites

    part of the evaluation process, as it is essential that there is a relationship between your interests and the research being conducted at CBE. Visiting scholars must have some prior research experience with information on education, research experience, papers published and technical skills (e.g

  2. Virtual Frog Dissection Kit Version 2.2

    Science.gov Websites

    Virtual Frog Dissection Kit This award-winning interactive program is part of the "Whole Frog " project. You can interactively dissect a (digitized) frog named Fluffy, and play the Virtual Frog animals other than the frog that have a computer-graphics based virtual dissection page. We get frequent

  3. Center for Space and Earth Science

    Science.gov Websites

    Search Site submit Los Alamos National LaboratoryCenter for Space and Earth Science Part of the Partnerships NSEC » CSES Center for Space and Earth Science High quality, cutting-edge science in the areas of astrophysics, space physics, solid planetary geoscience, and Earth systems Contact Director Reiner Friedel (505

  4. ACHP | News | Mrs. Laura Bush Designates 61 New Preserve America

    Science.gov Websites

    commitment to preserving an important part of our Nation's historic past for visitors, neighbors, and, most of the initiative include a greater shared knowledge about the Nation's past; strengthened regional tourism efforts, and eligibility for proposed Preserve America grants that will begin in Fiscal Year 2005

  5. Travels With Gates: Shangri-La Dialogue

    Science.gov Websites

    Department of Defense Submit Search Shangri-La Dialogue June 2010 Germany Belgium England Azerbaijan . Gates had with U.S. partners as part of the annual Asia security summit known as the "Shangri-La meetings at the "Shangri-La Dialogue" security summit. Story U.S.-China Military Ties Need Work

  6. Albert LiVecchi | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    Albert LiVecchi Photo of Al Livecchi Albert LiVecchi Laboratory Program Manager- Water Power Al.Livecchi@nrel.gov | 303-384-7138 Al has been part of the Wind and Water Power Program Management Team at focuses on marine and hydrokinetic technologies. As Water Power Laboratory Program Manager, Al is

  7. Fermilab Today

    Science.gov Websites

    this column. As a technology transfer professional, I have to admit that I suffer from NASA-envy. For more than 50 years, NASA has been committed to technology transfer as an integral part of its primary space mission. The results NASA has achieved are impressive. It has recorded more than 1,800 examples of

  8. MAST

    Science.gov Websites

    Guide Related Sites submenu NASA Datacenters ADS HEASARC IRSA LAMBDA NED NSSDC MAST Services submenu Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) is a NASA funded project to support and provide to the astronomical : STScI may provide links to Web pages that are not part of the STScI, AURA, NASA, or ESA domain. These

  9. David J. Gross and the Strong Force

    Science.gov Websites

    allows physicist to predict experimental results to within one part in 100 million. ... The new Nobelists available in electronic documents and on the Web. Documents: Ultraviolet Behavior of Non-Abelian Gauge Gross, Interview (video) Top Some links on this page may take you to non-federal websites. Their

  10. i5k | National Agricultural Library

    Science.gov Websites

    genome browser, and the Apollo manual curation service. Over 50 arthropod genomes are now part of the i5k (done by Dan Hughes at Baylor) with manual annotations by the research community (done via Web Apollo with manual annotations by the research community (via the Apollo manual annotation software). insects

  11. ACHP | News | ACHP Issue Spotlight: Transmission Lines in the West

    Science.gov Websites

    effects. Some historic properties are affected by several of these lines, and some lines have multiple parts of Idaho and Montana. There are potential effects to a number of important historic properties impact, visual effects of this transmission line, will be approximated through "backsighted analysis

  12. ACHP | News | ACHP Issues Program Comment to Streamline Communication

    Science.gov Websites

    regulations (36 CFR Part 800). An agency can meet its Section 106 responsibilities for considering the effects organizations, local governments, and other consulting parties consult about the effects of these undertakings . However, RUS, NTIA, or FEMA will not have to consider the effects of the telecommunication facilities

  13. ACHP | News | ACHP and Department of Energy Streamline Section 106 Process

    Science.gov Websites

    Energy The ACHP and DOE are providing a prototype Programmatic Agreement for dealing with historic properties as part of Recovery Act projects. Press Release (PDF) Protoype Programmatic Agreement (PDF) When DOE approves the use of an existing state interagency agreement for Section 106 compliance purposes in

  14. Advanced Carbon Materials Center Established At UK

    Science.gov Websites

    UK Home Academics Athletics Medical Center Research Site Index Search UK University Master ] [research at UK] Advanced Carbon Materials Center Established At UK The tiny but mighty nanotube will continue to be the subject of several research projects at the University of Kentucky, thanks in part to a

  15. DIY Solar Market Analysis Webinar Series: Solar Resource and Technical

    Science.gov Websites

    Series: Solar Resource and Technical Potential DIY Solar Market Analysis Webinar Series: Solar Resource and Technical Potential Wednesday, June 11, 2014 As part of a Do-It-Yourself Solar Market Analysis summer series, NREL's Solar Technical Assistance Team (STAT) presented a live webinar titled, "Solar

  16. NREL: News - Students Recognized for Creativity during Energy Education

    Science.gov Websites

    Middle School, third place; Horizon Community Middle School's car, "Bueblur," fourth place; and technology, craftsmanship and innovation were given to teams from Moore Middle School, first place; Manning Army, Xcel Energy and the Kaiser-Hill Company. As part of the K'NEX Design Contest, nine middle-school

  17. NREL Serves as the Energy Department's Showcase for Cutting-Edge Fuel Cell

    Science.gov Websites

    vehicle on loan from Hyundai through a one-year Cooperative Research and Development Agreement and a B produced at the Hydrogen Infrastructure Testing and Research Facility (HITRF) located at NREL's Energy and infrastructure as part of the Energy Department's Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure Research and

  18. Defense.gov Special Report: 2015 Fiscal Budget

    Science.gov Websites

    . Story Chairman Stresses Need for Military Balance in Hearing Pay and compensation are only one part of a broader challenge to the Defense Department to maintain the balance the military needs to fight the Priorities DOD Strives for Balance Between Lifestyle, Readiness Pacom, U.S. Forces Korea Commanders Discuss

  19. Obtaining Parts

    Science.gov Websites

    The Cosmic Connection Computer Interface For each count, the detector sends out a signal that is room temperature on the upper plot and the cosmic ray count rate per minute on the lower scale. Please contact us for more details on this setup. Sample Data for Cosmic Ray Detector Last modified: April 27

  20. Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel Fuels Education in Alabama

    Science.gov Websites

    process reinforces classroom concepts related to chemistry and math. As part of AIDB work experience the state's science and math curriculum for the appropriate grade level, and visiting students collect

  1. Publications - Geospatial Data | Alaska Division of Geological &

    Science.gov Websites

    from rocks collected in the Richardson mining district, Big Delta Quadrangle, Alaska: Alaska Division , 40Ar/39Ar data, Alaska Highway corridor from Delta Junction to Canada border, parts of Mount Hayes

  2. Enzyme and Microbial Development | Bioenergy | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    samples of powdered biomass into a reactor plate, part of the high-throughput biomass recalcitrance the molecular weight of cellA on blue and white containers of SDS PAGE gel in a laboratory

  3. UPDATE: MAJOR EARTHQUAKE IN CHILE (II) | CTIO

    Science.gov Websites

    ciudad de Illapel a mitad de camino entre La Serena y Santiago. Esto fue seguido por un tsunami que en el posterior tsunami. Algunos tienen casas en las partes bajas de La Serena y Coquimbo y tuvieron que evacuar por la noche después de la alerta de tsunami, y algunos han sufrido daños en sus casas o

  4. Inmetro - Metrologia Legal

    Science.gov Websites

    Ética Mapa do site English Version Inmetro Metrologia Legal Procurando algo? Inmetro no Facebook Metrologia Legal Introdução .: Introdução :. A Metrologia Legal é parte da metrologia relacionada às ambiente. No Brasil as atividades da Metrologia Legal são uma atribuição do Inmetro, que também

  5. NREL Validates Go Electric's Technology As Part of Wells Fargo IN2

    Science.gov Websites

    solution: providing blip-less uninterruptible power; maintaining photovoltaics systems from tripping after renewables into an energy resiliency solution and keep them operating during a grid outage." Go Electric

  6. Solar Power Tower Integrated Layout and Optimization Tool | Concentrating

    Science.gov Websites

    methods to reduce the overall computational burden while generating accurate and precise results. These methods have been developed as part of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) SunShot Initiative research

  7. NREL: International Activities - India Solar Resource Maps and Data

    Science.gov Websites

    , Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and parts of Pakistan and Afghanistan can be downloaded from NREL's data. These data have been collected at a sufficient number of locations and temporal and spatial

  8. Alternative Fuels Data Center

    Science.gov Websites

    electric vehicle. An eligible vehicle must: Be a four-wheeled motor vehicle manufactured for use on public maximum speed of at least 55 mph, and Be propelled at least in part by an electric motor and associated

  9. SMARTS 1.0-m Telescope | CTIO

    Science.gov Websites

    Visitor's Computer Guidelines Network Connection Request Instruments Instruments by Telescope IR Instruments -built ANDICAM dual optical/IR imager. When the ANDICAM was moved to the CTIO 1.3-m as part of the SMARTS

  10. Fermilab Prairie Plant Survey

    Science.gov Websites

    beautiful prairie. Join a unique science program open to the public, adult groups, families, scouts and more ready to hike and explore parts of our prairie that are not normally open to the public. There is no

  11. Student-Designed Flume Arrives at NWTC | News | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    opportunity to plan, design, and construct a flume for testing and characterizing hydrokinetic power devices . The project was one of several open to CSM students as part of the Capstone Design@Mines program transported to the National Wind Technology Center (NWTC) on Dec. 7. "The design and construction of the

  12. Alternative Fuels Data Center: Saving Fuel in the Garden State with Truck

    Science.gov Websites

    . " Chuck Feinberg, Coordinator New Jersey Clean Cities Coalition Long-haul truck drivers throughout ," said Chuck Feinberg of the New Jersey Clean Cities Coalition (NJCCC). The Garden State has two major sites--one in the northern part of the state, at the New Jersey Turnpike's Vince Lombardi Travel

  13. NREL Develops Novel Method to Produce Renewable Acrylonitrile | News | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    to Produce Renewable Acrylonitrile December 7, 2017 Research paves the way for cost-competitive , and Eric Karp, part of the NREL team working on a cost-competitive, sustainable process for creating traditional process in terms of cost and yield. Now, new NREL research is showing promise toward achieving

  14. Defense.gov Special Report: Arlington National Cemetery - 150th Anniversary

    Science.gov Websites

    13, 2014 Wreath Laying Ceremony at the grave of Pvt. William Christman. (Free) History of Arlington National Cemetery May 13, 2014 Lecture on the History of Arlington National Cemetery. (Free) The American Amphitheater, part of the Decoration Day Observance. (Free) The American Civil War June 2, 2014 The American

  15. Carter Announces Sexual Assault Retaliation Prevention Strategy > U.S.

    Science.gov Websites

    ; CONNECT MORE WITH PACOM IN THE PACOM NEWS Seventh Fleet Staff Talks with Royal Malaysian Navy Enhance Maritime Partnerships in the Region May 24, 2018 - KOTA KINABALU, Malaysia -- Vice Adm. Phil Sawyer , 2018 - HONOLULU, Hawaii -- People from around the world gather in downtown Honolulu to take part in the

  16. STAT FAQs Part 1: Floating Solar | State, Local, and Tribal Governments |

    Science.gov Websites

    interest in installing this innovative solar technology. For example, several wineries in California are tilt to 11 degrees. NREL research has shown that this is the typical mounting angle for floating solar installation. As an example, a hypothetical 1 MW floating solar array located in Napa, California would

  17. DIY Solar Market Analysis Webinar Series: Top Solar Tools | State, Local,

    Science.gov Websites

    and Tribal Governments | NREL DIY Solar Market Analysis Webinar Series: Top Solar Tools DIY Solar Market Analysis Webinar Series: Top Solar Tools Wednesday, May 14, 2014 As part of a Do-It -Yourself Solar Market Analysis summer series, NREL's Solar Technical Assistance Team (STAT) presented a

  18. Alternative Fuels Data Center: Emissions from Hybrid and Plug-In Electric

    Science.gov Websites

    ... More in this section... Electricity Basics Benefits & Considerations Stations Vehicles Availability vehicles do. When measuring well-to-wheel emissions, the electricity source is important: for PHEVs and EVs , part or all of the power provided by the battery comes from off-board sources of electricity. There are

  19. Non-medical Uses of Computed Tomography (CT) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

    Science.gov Websites

    Finding Aids dropdown arrow Site Map A-Z Index Menu Synopsis Non-medical Uses of Computed Tomography (CT materials characterizations, and to provide non-destructive evaluations for discovering flaws in parts presence and facilitate the recovery/extraction of oil, water, coal, and/or gas; and to provide non

  20. Alternative Fuels Data Center: CNG Fleets Aid in Superstorm Recovery

    Science.gov Websites

    AddThis.com... May 24, 2013 CNG Fleets Aid in Superstorm Recovery " They were working around the clock aftermath, helping with recovery efforts. "They were working around the clock," said Rita Ebert accelerating. As part of GLICCC's efforts to build on the momentum, the coalition is now working with the New

  1. American Energy Data Challenge - by IdeaScale

    Science.gov Websites

    part of this community and receive updates on Open Data by Design Contest. PUBLIC VOTING HAS CLOSED - WINNERS WILL BE ANNOUNCED THIS MONTH! Arrow About Contest #3: Open Data by Design The Department of Energy will award $17,500 in prizes for the best designs that maximize the potential of our open energy data

  2. ACHP | Working Together to Build a More Inclusive Preservation Program

    Science.gov Websites

    Search skip specific nav links Home arrow Inclusiveness arrow Chinese Heritage in Boston Has Strong Advocates Chinese Heritage in Boston Has Strong Advocates As part of the ACHP initiative on building a more to the early immigrants who are buried there, the Society collaborated with students at UMass Boston

  3. Supercomputer Exposes Enzyme's Secrets | News | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    simulation of an enzyme from the fungus Trichoderma reesei (Cel7A). The simulation showed that a part of an enzyme, the linker, may play a necessary role in breaking down biomass into the sugars used to make long being a microsecond-simulation of the entire enzyme on the surface of cellulose," Beckham

  4. Publications - GMC 82 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys

    Science.gov Websites

    DGGS GMC 82 Publication Details Title: K-Ar age determinations for four metabasalt samples from the , K-Ar age determinations for four metabasalt samples from the lower part of the Husky Oil NPRA

  5. H2@Scale Laboratory CRADA Call | Hydrogen and Fuel Cells | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    research and development agreement (CRADA) projects with the Hydrogen at Scale (H2@Scale) national CRADA Call H2@Scale CRADA Agreement Template Responses to CRADA Call Questions: Part 1 (includes

  6. Computing Advances Enable More Efficient Buildings - Continuum Magazine |

    Science.gov Websites

    -and to visualize and react to the data that's available to them," says Brackney. One example of to tell occupants when to open and close their windows. A screen shot of the Building Agent, showing it has been launched. One of the visualization tools is a floor plan that shows which parts of the

  7. National Centers for Environmental Prediction

    Science.gov Websites

    references for past and current documentation: Sort A-Z | Sort by Year Alpert, J.C., S-Y Hong and Y-J Kim -Scale Environment, Part I. J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 674-704. Asselin, R., 1972: Frequency filter for time observations and model computations. J. Clim. and Appl. Meteo., 25, 214-226. Campana, K. A., Y-T Hou, K. E

  8. NREL to Collaborate with Small Clean Energy Businesses as Part of DOE Pilot

    Science.gov Websites

    help the first group of small clean energy businesses advance their products under the Small Business Vouchers (SBV) pilot launched last July by DOE. NREL is one of nine national laboratories participating in . Midwest Energy Group (MEG) of Illinois will use NREL's fuel cell test facilities to assess the long-term

  9. Harvin claims USNORTHCOM Sailor of the Year title > U.S. Northern Command >

    Science.gov Websites

    presents Petty Officer First Class Charles Harvin with a plaque in honor of his award. Harvin now competes ret.) Roy Rodgers presents Petty Officer First Class Charles Harvin with a plaque in honor of his , Petty Officer First Class Charles Harvin spent the latter part of his adolescence in Auburn, Alabama

  10. Alternative Fuels Data Center: Idle Reduction Programs at Tennessee Schools

    Science.gov Websites

    quality and reduce oil consumption," Keel said. But the impact is being felt inside the classroom too program is drawing interest, in part because the area has air quality challenges. "We're in a valley Jake Tisinger said that Knoxville has made great strides in improving its air quality, and the Idle

  11. Mayor de Blasio, NYCEDC and Speaker Mark-Viverito Announce Grand Opening of

    Science.gov Websites

    New Health Center | City of New York Visit alpha.nyc.gov to help us test out new ideas for Opening of New Health Center Damian Center part of 'Caring Neighborhoods Initiative' and replaces previous Mark-Viverito Announce Grand Opening of New Health Center in South Bronx April 21, 2016 Damian Center

  12. Defense.gov Special Report: Travels with Panetta - January 2012

    Science.gov Websites

    Transition, Panetta Says EL PASO, Texas, Jan. 12, 2012 - The military is at a moment of transition brought . Panetta told military members at Fort Bliss, Texas. Story Secretary Teaches High School Class EL PASO service with students at John L. Chapin High School in El Paso, Texas, as part his visit to nearby Fort

  13. JCOC 74: October 2007 - U.S. Department of Defense Official Website

    Science.gov Websites

    Orientation Conference fire simulated 9mm handguns while on a tour of Camp Hansen, Nov. 10, 2007. 1948 Charles Gregory Davis from Southaven, Miss., prepares to fire a machine gun as part of the days activities realize it would fire that many rounds so fast. Her companions in the Joint Civilian Orientation

  14. DefenseLink Special: Veterans Day 2006

    Science.gov Websites

    this hour, our nation remembers the moment when the guns of World War I went silent -- and we recognize ;Doolittle Raiders," former Army Air Corpsmen who were part of a famed World War II bombing mission over servicemembers. It will conclude Nov. 11 with the 72nd annual Veterans Day Parade. Story World War II Air Crash

  15. Introduction to Psychology and Leadership. Part One; Overview of Leadership. Segments I & II, Volume I.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Westinghouse Learning Corp., Annapolis, MD.

    The first volume of the introduction to psychology and leadership course (see the final reports which summarize the development project, EM 010 418, EM 010 419, and EM 010 484), presents an overview which establishes the parameters of leadership which will be developed in later parts of the course. It is intended to be a self-instructional…

  16. F-22 Raptors fly into Lithuania as part of European tour > U.S. Air Force >

    Science.gov Websites

    The Book Speeches Archive Former AF Top 3 Viewpoints and Speeches Air Force Warrior Games 2017 Events 2018 Air Force Strategic Documents Desert Storm 25th Anniversary Observances DoD Warrior Games

  17. Defense.gov - Special Report - Veterans Day 2009

    Science.gov Websites

    pursuit of narrow self-interest, they've chosen the opposite. They chose to serve the cause that is greater than self; many even after they knew they'd be sent into harm's way. And for the better part of a

  18. Alabama Public Scoping Meeting | NOAA Gulf Spill Restoration

    Science.gov Websites

    : Mobile, AL Start Time: 6:30 p.m. Central Time Description: As part of the public scoping process, the co open at 6:30 p.m. and the meeting will begin at 7:30 p.m. Location: The Battle House Renaissance Mobile Hotel & Spa 26 North Royal Street Mobile, AL 36602 (google map of location) Gulf Spill Restoration

  19. Analysis and Synthesis of Leaky-Wave Devices in Planar Technology

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Martinez Ros, Alejandro Javier

    The work developed along this doctoral thesis has been focused on the analysis and synthesis of microwave devices in planar technology. In particular, several types of devices based on the radiation mechanism of leaky waves have been studied. Typically, the radiation properties in leaky-wave devices are determined by the complex propagation constant of the leaky mode, wherein the phase constant is responsible for the pointing angle and the leakage rate for the intensity of the radiated fields. In this manner, by controlling both amplitude and phase of the leaky mode, an effective control over the device's radiation diagram can be obtained. Moreover, with the purpose of efficiently obtaining the leaky mode's radiation properties as function of the main geometrical parameters of the structure, several modal tools based on the transverse resonance analysis of the structure have been performed. In order to demonstrate this simultaneous control over the complex propagation constant in planar technology, several types of leaky-wave devices, including antennas (LWAs), multiplexors and near-field focusing systems, have been designed and manufactured in the technology of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW). This recently proposed technology, allows the design of devices based on classical waveguide technology with standard manufacturing techniques used for printed circuit board (PCB) designs. In this way, most of the parts that form a communication system can be integrated into a single substrate, thus reducing its cost and providing a more robust and compact device, which has less losses compared to other planar technologies such as the microstrip. El trabajo llevado a cabo durante la realizacion de esta tesis doctoral, se ha centrado en el analisis y sintesis de dispositivos de microondas en tecnologia planar. En concreto, se han estudiado diferentes tipos de dispositivos basados en radiacion por ondas de fuga "leaky waves", en los cuales las propiedades de radiacion estan determinadas por la constante de fase del modo "leaky" que es el que determina el angulo de apuntamiento y por la tasa de radiacion que es la que determina la intensidad de los campos radiados. De esta manera, controlando en amplitud y fase el modo "leaky" se puede obtener un control efectivo sobre el diagrama de radiacion del dispositivo. Ademas, con el objetivo de poder obtener de una manera mas eficiente las caracteristicas de propagacion de los modos de fuga "leaky" en funcion de los principales parametros geometricos de la estructura, se han desarrollado diversas herramientas de analisis modal basadas en la tecnica de resonancia transversa de la estructura. La capacidad para obtener un control simultaneo de la constante de propagacion compleja del modo "leaky", ha sido demostrada mediante el diseno y fabricacion de varios tipos de antena "leaky wave" (LWA) y de otros dispositivos como multiplexores y sistemas de enfoque en campo cercano. Para ello, se ha utilizado la tecnologia planar de guia de onda integrada en sustrato (susbstrate integrated waveguide, SIW). Esta recientemente desarrollada tecnologia, permite disenar dispositivos de microondas basados en tecnologia clasica de guia de ondas con sistemas de fabricacion estandar usados en tecnologia de circuitos impresos (printed circuit board, PCB). De esta forma, se pueden integrar en un mismo sustrato muchas de las diferentes partes que forman un sistema de comunicaciones, mejorando asi su robustez y compactibilidad, ademas de reducir el coste y de contar con menores perdidas que otras tecnologias planares como la microstrip.

  20. The State of Leadership Education in Emergency Medical Services: A Multi-national Qualitative Study.

    PubMed

    Leggio, William Joseph

    2014-10-01

    This study investigated how leadership is learned in Emergency Medical Services (EMS) from a multi-national perspective by interviewing EMS providers from multiple nations working in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A phenomenological, qualitative methodology was developed and 19 EMS providers from multiple nations were interviewed in June 2013. Interview questions focused on how participants learned EMS leadership as an EMS student and throughout their careers as providers. Data were analyzed to identify themes, patterns, and codes to be used for final analysis to describe findings. Emergency Medical Services leadership is primarily learned from informal mentoring and on-the-job training in less than supportive environments. Participants described learning EMS leadership during their EMS education. A triangulation of EMS educational resources yielded limited results beyond being a leader of patient care. The only course that yielded results from triangulation was EMS Management. The need to develop EMS leadership courses was supported by the findings. Findings also supported the need to include leadership education as part of continuing medical education and training. Emergency Medical Services leadership education that prepares students for the complexities of the profession is needed. Likewise, the need for EMS leadership education and training to be part of continuing education is supported. Both are viewed as a way to advance the EMS profession. A need for further research on the topic of EMS leadership is recognized, and supported, with a call for action on suggested topics identified within the study.

  1. Ecosystem Management and Sustainability

    Treesearch

    J.D. Peine; B.L. Jacobs; K.E. Franzreb; M.R. Stevens

    2011-01-01

    Ecosystem management (EM) promotes an integrated approach to environmental issues; its central goal is the protection of entire ecosystems. By focusing on an interdisciplinary solution to environmental challenges, EM can help to synthesize societal, economic scientific, and governmental goals. Furthermore, as EM becomes part of the foundation of environmental...

  2. Directly Reconstructing Principal Components of Heterogeneous Particles from Cryo-EM Images

    PubMed Central

    Tagare, Hemant D.; Kucukelbir, Alp; Sigworth, Fred J.; Wang, Hongwei; Rao, Murali

    2015-01-01

    Structural heterogeneity of particles can be investigated by their three-dimensional principal components. This paper addresses the question of whether, and with what algorithm, the three-dimensional principal components can be directly recovered from cryo-EM images. The first part of the paper extends the Fourier slice theorem to covariance functions showing that the three-dimensional covariance, and hence the principal components, of a heterogeneous particle can indeed be recovered from two-dimensional cryo-EM images. The second part of the paper proposes a practical algorithm for reconstructing the principal components directly from cryo-EM images without the intermediate step of calculating covariances. This algorithm is based on maximizing the (posterior) likelihood using the Expectation-Maximization algorithm. The last part of the paper applies this algorithm to simulated data and to two real cryo-EM data sets: a data set of the 70S ribosome with and without Elongation Factor-G (EF-G), and a data set of the inluenza virus RNA dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRP). The first principal component of the 70S ribosome data set reveals the expected conformational changes of the ribosome as the EF-G binds and unbinds. The first principal component of the RdRP data set reveals a conformational change in the two dimers of the RdRP. PMID:26049077

  3. Directly reconstructing principal components of heterogeneous particles from cryo-EM images.

    PubMed

    Tagare, Hemant D; Kucukelbir, Alp; Sigworth, Fred J; Wang, Hongwei; Rao, Murali

    2015-08-01

    Structural heterogeneity of particles can be investigated by their three-dimensional principal components. This paper addresses the question of whether, and with what algorithm, the three-dimensional principal components can be directly recovered from cryo-EM images. The first part of the paper extends the Fourier slice theorem to covariance functions showing that the three-dimensional covariance, and hence the principal components, of a heterogeneous particle can indeed be recovered from two-dimensional cryo-EM images. The second part of the paper proposes a practical algorithm for reconstructing the principal components directly from cryo-EM images without the intermediate step of calculating covariances. This algorithm is based on maximizing the posterior likelihood using the Expectation-Maximization algorithm. The last part of the paper applies this algorithm to simulated data and to two real cryo-EM data sets: a data set of the 70S ribosome with and without Elongation Factor-G (EF-G), and a data set of the influenza virus RNA dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRP). The first principal component of the 70S ribosome data set reveals the expected conformational changes of the ribosome as the EF-G binds and unbinds. The first principal component of the RdRP data set reveals a conformational change in the two dimers of the RdRP. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  4. Lack of integration of automated external defibrillators with EMS response may reduce lifesaving potential of public-access defibrillation.

    PubMed

    Myers, J Brent; French, David; Webb, William

    2005-01-01

    Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) used for public-access defibrillation (PAD) allow for rapid defibrillation, particularly if the AEDs are incorporated into an organized response plan. This project was undertaken to determine how many PAD AEDs were in North Carolina, how many were properly registered, and how many were integrated into the emergency medical services (EMS) response. Data were collected for this prospective, descriptive study via phone survey, e-mail survey, and/or direct personal interview. Four sources were utilized: 1) state office of EMS AED registration database, 2) AED sales representatives, 3) county EMS agency representatives, and 4) American Heart Association (AHA) training center instructors and regional faculty. The primary endpoint was determining the proportion of AEDs placed in unregistered locations. The state EMS office provided the state registry of AED locations. One-hundred percent of state-recognized AED vendors and county EMS agencies provided data. Twelve of 55 (22%) AHA personnel provided data. Eight hundred eighty-one unique locations were identified. Although AED sales are required by law to be registered, the office of EMS database contained only 99 of the 552 (18%) unique PAD locations identified by the study. A large number of unregistered AEDs are being placed in communities. AEDs placed as part of an organized PAD program improve the rates of survival from sudden cardiac death. In the absence of registration, it is difficult to determine the extent to which these AEDs are part of an organized PAD program.

  5. Preamble to the Integrated Science Assessments (ISA)

    EPA Science Inventory

    The Preamble to the Integrated Science Assessments, or "Preamble", is an overview document outlining the basic steps and criteria used in developing the Integrated Science Assessments (ISA). Previously included as part of the ISA, it will now be referenced by each ISA as...

  6. Systematic Review Protocol for the IRIS Chloroform Assessment (Inhalation) (Preliminary Assessment Materials)

    EPA Science Inventory

    In January 2018, EPA released the Systematic Review Protocol for the IRIS Chloroform Assessment (Inhalation). As part of developing a draft IRIS assessment, EPA presents a methods document, referred to as the protocol, for conducting a chemical-specific systematic revie...

  7. Rock 'Em, Sock 'Em!

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Waters, John K.

    2011-01-01

    K-12-level competitive robotics is growing in popularity around the country and worldwide. According to one of the leading organizers of these events, FIRST--For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology--250,000 students from 56 countries take part in its competitions. FIRST Tech Challenge (FTC) is a yearly event the organization puts…

  8. Executive Management Leadership Institute: Research Results, Volume I.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    North Carolina State Dept. of Community Colleges, Raleigh. Div. of Planning and Research Services.

    The Executive Management Leadership Institute (EMLI) is a comprehensive sequence of modules designed to support development of administrators in the North Carolina Community College System. As part of the EMLI, participants complete a project demonstrating skill in applying research to the tasks of administration. This report presents three…

  9. The essence of care in health vulnerability: a Heideggerian construction.

    PubMed

    Cestari, Virna Ribeiro Feitosa; Moreira, Thereza Maria Magalhães; Pessoa, Vera Lúcia Mendes de Paula; Florêncio, Raquel Sampaio; Silva, Maria Rocineide Ferreira da; Torres, Raimundo Augusto Martins

    2017-01-01

    Reflect on the essence of care in health vulnerability from the phenomenological perspective of Martin Heidegger. Theoretical-reflexive study, anchored in three essential parts: 1) Care in Heidegger; 2) The essence of care in health vulnerability; And 3) Nursing care actions on health vulnerability. Vulnerability must be recognized as an indelible trait of the human condition and has its constituents in the human being, co-presence and care. Caring is an interactive process that reveals itself in the relationship with the other. Respecting the integrity of the Being in vulnerability must be a priority in nursing care, through behaviors that privilege the Being. Understanding ontological care and its relation to vulnerability under Heidegger's phenomenological view allowed us to uncover the facets of care in health vulnerability by adding to the nursing knowledge body a comprehensive and reflective perspective. Refletir sobre a essência do cuidado na vulnerabilidade em saúde sob a perspectiva fenomenológica de Martin Heidegger. Estudo teórico-reflexivo, ancorado em três partes essenciais: 1) O cuidado em Heidegger; 2) A essência do cuidado na vulnerabilidade em saúde; e 3) As ações do cuidar em enfermagem na vulnerabilidade em saúde. A vulnerabilidade deve ser reconhecida como traço indelével da condição humana e tem seus constituintes na pessoa humana, co-presenças e cuidado. O cuidar é um processo interativo que se desvela na relação com o outro. Respeitar a integridade do Ser em vulnerabilidade deve ser prioridade no cuidar em enfermagem, por meio de comportamentos que privilegiem o Ser. Compreender ontologicamente o cuidado e a sua relação com a vulnerabilidade sob o olhar fenomenológico de Heidegger permitiu desvelar as facetas do cuidado na vulnerabilidade em saúde, agregando ao corpo de conhecimento da Enfermagem uma perspectiva compreensiva e reflexiva.

  10. Recent developments in the CCP-EM software suite.

    PubMed

    Burnley, Tom; Palmer, Colin M; Winn, Martyn

    2017-06-01

    As part of its remit to provide computational support to the cryo-EM community, the Collaborative Computational Project for Electron cryo-Microscopy (CCP-EM) has produced a software framework which enables easy access to a range of programs and utilities. The resulting software suite incorporates contributions from different collaborators by encapsulating them in Python task wrappers, which are then made accessible via a user-friendly graphical user interface as well as a command-line interface suitable for scripting. The framework includes tools for project and data management. An overview of the design of the framework is given, together with a survey of the functionality at different levels. The current CCP-EM suite has particular strength in the building and refinement of atomic models into cryo-EM reconstructions, which is described in detail.

  11. Recent developments in the CCP-EM software suite

    PubMed Central

    Burnley, Tom

    2017-01-01

    As part of its remit to provide computational support to the cryo-EM community, the Collaborative Computational Project for Electron cryo-Microscopy (CCP-EM) has produced a software framework which enables easy access to a range of programs and utilities. The resulting software suite incorporates contributions from different collaborators by encapsulating them in Python task wrappers, which are then made accessible via a user-friendly graphical user interface as well as a command-line interface suitable for scripting. The framework includes tools for project and data management. An overview of the design of the framework is given, together with a survey of the functionality at different levels. The current CCP-EM suite has particular strength in the building and refinement of atomic models into cryo-EM reconstructions, which is described in detail. PMID:28580908

  12. Electromagnetic Pumps for Conductive-Propellant Feed Systems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Markusic, T. E.; Polzin, K. A.

    2005-01-01

    There has been a recent, renewed interest in high-power electric thrusters for application in nuclear-electric propulsion systems. Two of the most promising thrusters utilize liquid metal propellants: the lithium-fed magnetoplasmadynamic thruster and the bismuth-fed Hall thruster. An important element of part of the maturation of these thrusters will be the development of compact, reliable conductive-propellant feed system components. In the present paper we provide design considerations and experimental calibration data for electromagnetic (EM) pumps. The role of an electromagnetic pump in a liquid metal feed system is to establish a pressure gradient between the propellant reservoir and the thruster - to establish the requisite mass flow rate. While EM pumps have previously been used to a limited extent in nuclear reactor cooling loops, they have never been implemented in electric propulsion (EP) systems. The potential benefit of using EM pumps for EP are reliability (no moving parts) and the ability to precisely meter the propellant flow rate. We have constructed and tested EM pumps that use gallium, lithium, and bismuth propellants. Design details, test results (pressure developed versus current), and material compatibility issues are reported. It is concluded that EM pumps are a viable technology for application in both laboratory and flight EP conductive-propellant feed systems.

  13. Impact of ergonomic intervention in manual orange harvester among the workers of hilly region in India.

    PubMed

    Pranav, P K; Patel, Thaneswer

    2016-04-07

    Manual orange harvesting is very laborious, time consuming and unsafe operation whereas neither mechanical harvesting nor mechanized hand harvesting is possible in north-east India due to its hilly terrains. The awkward postures and repetitive nature of work in orange harvesting, demands a comfortable and appropriate hand harvester for hilly region. The purpose of this study was to develop a manual orange harvester for hilly regions considering the ergonomic parameters, and compare the performance with the existing models of the manual harvester. In this study twenty healthy experienced orchard workers (10 male and 10 female) participated who did not have any previous functional musculoskeletal disorders. We developed a manual orange harvester by eliminating the problems associated with the existing harvesters. The developed model along with existing models was evaluated extensively in the field. During evaluations, heart rate of the subjects was measured and oxygen consumption was predicted to calculate the energy expenditure rate (EER) from the established relationship in the laboratory before the field experiments. Further, performance parameters of orange harvester i.e. plucking rate (PR), damaged quantity (DQ), plucking energy requirement (PER) and discomfort rating were also observed. The PR was 425, 300 and 287 pieces per hour for the developed model (DM), first existing model (EM1) and second existing model (EM2), respectively. The DM showed lower PER (2.14 kJ/piece) followed by EM2 (2.95 kJ/piece) and EM1 (4.02 kJ/piece) which is considered as overall performance as it includes energy per unit of plucking. Further, the body part discomfort score revealed that DM was more comfortable in use followed by EM2 and EM1. The performance of the DM was found better in terms of plucking rate, energy requirement and body part discomfort than the other existing models. Shoulders and neck are the most affected body parts where all subjects felt severe discomfort.

  14. Emergence of new strains of Watermelon mosaic virus in South-eastern France: evidence for limited spread but rapid local population shift.

    PubMed

    Desbiez, C; Joannon, B; Wipf-Scheibel, C; Chandeysson, C; Lecoq, H

    2009-05-01

    Severe symptoms caused by Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) in zucchini squash leaves and fruits have been observed since 1999 in South-eastern (SE) France. Their appearance correlates with the introduction of new, "emerging" (EM) isolates distant at the molecular level from the "classic" (CL) isolates present for more than 30 years. To understand the origin and spread of EM isolates, a survey was performed between 2004 and 2007. WMV isolates collected were characterized by sequencing part of the polymerase and coat protein coding regions. This revealed the presence of EM isolates in SE France only, whereas CL isolates were widespread throughout the country. Besides, four subgroups of EM isolates were observed in SE France, suggesting multiple introductions. Recombinants between CL and EM groups, which probably arose locally, were observed during the survey. A strong geographic structure that remained stable during the 4 years was observed between different EM isolates. Our results showed that EM isolates did not spread over long distances, but rapidly replaced the pre-existing CL isolates in all sites where both groups occurred.

  15. Automated data collection in single particle electron microscopy

    PubMed Central

    Tan, Yong Zi; Cheng, Anchi; Potter, Clinton S.; Carragher, Bridget

    2016-01-01

    Automated data collection is an integral part of modern workflows in single particle electron microscopy (EM) research. This review surveys the software packages available for automated single particle EM data collection. The degree of automation at each stage of data collection is evaluated, and the capabilities of the software packages are described. Finally, future trends in automation are discussed. PMID:26671944

  16. A Behavior Analytic Approach to Exploratory Motor Behavior: How Can Caregivers Teach EM Behavior to Infants with Down Syndrome?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bauer, Sara M.; Jones, Emily A.

    2014-01-01

    Impairment in exploratory motor (EM) behavior is part of the Down syndrome behavioral phenotype. Exploratory motor behavior may be a pivotal skill for early intervention with infants with Down syndrome. Exploratory motor impairments are often attributed to general delays in motor development in infants with Down syndrome. A behavior analytic…

  17. Novel method for evaluation of eye movements in patients with narcolepsy.

    PubMed

    Christensen, Julie A E; Kempfner, Lykke; Leonthin, Helle L; Hvidtfelt, Mathias; Nikolic, Miki; Kornum, Birgitte Rahbek; Jennum, Poul

    2017-05-01

    Narcolepsy causes abnormalities in the control of wake-sleep, non-rapid-eye-movement (non-REM) sleep and REM sleep, which includes specific eye movements (EMs). In this study, we aim to evaluate EM characteristics in narcolepsy as compared to controls using an automated detector. We developed a data-driven method to detect EMs during sleep based on two EOG signals recorded as part of a polysomnography (PSG). The method was optimized using the manually scored hypnograms from 36 control subjects. The detector was applied on a clinical sample with subjects suspected for central hypersomnias. Based on PSG, multiple sleep latency test and cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin-1 measures, they were divided into clinical controls (N = 20), narcolepsy type 2 (NT2, N = 19), and narcolepsy type 1 (NT1, N = 28). We investigated the distribution of EMs across sleep stages and cycles. NT1 patients had significantly less EMs during wake, N1, and N2 sleep and more EMs during REM sleep compared to clinical controls, and significantly less EMs during wake and N1 sleep compared to NT2 patients. Furthermore, NT1 patients showed less EMs during NREM sleep in the first sleep cycle and more EMs during NREM sleep in the second sleep cycle compared to clinical controls and NT2 patients. NT1 patients show an altered distribution of EMs across sleep stages and cycles compared to NT2 patients and clinical controls, suggesting that EMs are directly or indirectly controlled by the hypocretinergic system. A data-driven EM detector may contribute to the evaluation of narcolepsy and other disorders involving the control of EMs. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  18. Trauma and autobiographical memory: contents and determinants of earliest memories among war-affected Palestinian children.

    PubMed

    Peltonen, Kirsi; Kangaslampi, Samuli; Qouta, Samir; Punamäki, Raija-Leena

    2017-11-01

    The contents of earliest memories (EM), as part of autobiographical memory, continue to fascinate scientists and therapists. However, research is scarce on the determinants of EM, especially among children. This study aims, first, to identify contents of EM of children living in war conditions, and, second, to analyse child gender, traumatic events and mental health as determinants of the contents of EM. The participants were 240 Palestinian schoolchildren from the Gaza Strip (10-12 years, M = 11.35, SD = 0.57; 49.4% girls). They responded to an open-ended EM question, and reported their trauma exposures (war trauma, losses and current traumatic events), posttraumatic stress, depressive symptoms and psychosocial well-being, indicating mental health. The EM coding involved nature, social orientation, emotional tone and specificity. Results showed, first, that 43% reported playing or visiting a nice place as EM, and about a third (30%) traumatic events or accidents (30%) or miscellaneous events (27%). The individual and social orientation were almost equally common, the emotional tone mainly neutral (45.5%), and 60% remembered a specific event. Second, boys remembered more EM involving traumatic events or accidents, and girls more social events. Third, war trauma was associated with less positive emotional tone and with more specific memories.

  19. Public Health Education for Emergency Medicine Residents

    PubMed Central

    Betz, Marian E.; Bernstein, Steven L.; Gutman, Deborah; Tibbles, Carrie D.; Joyce, Nina; Lipton, Robert; Schweigler, Lisa; Fisher, Jonathan

    2015-01-01

    Emergency medicine (EM) has an important role in public health, but the ideal approach for teaching public health to EM residents is unclear. As part of the national regional public health–medicine education centers-graduate medical education (RPHMEC-GM) initiative from the CDC and the American Association of Medical Colleges, three EM programs received funding to create public health curricula for EM residents. Curricula approaches varied by residency. One program used a modular, integrative approach to combine public health and EM clinical topics during usual residency didactics, one partnered with local public health organizations to provide real-world experiences for residents, and one drew on existing national as well as departmental resources to seamlessly integrate more public health–oriented educational activities within the existing residency curriculum. The modular and integrative approaches appeared to have a positive impact on resident attitudes toward public health, and a majority of EM residents at that program believed public health training is important. Reliance on pre-existing community partnerships facilitated development of public health rotations for residents. External funding for these efforts was critical to their success, given the time and financial restraints on residency programs. The optimal approach for public health education for EM residents has not been defined. PMID:21961671

  20. Electromagnetic navigated condylar positioning after high oblique sagittal split osteotomy of the mandible: a guided method to attain pristine temporomandibular joint conditions.

    PubMed

    Berger, Moritz; Nova, Igor; Kallus, Sebastian; Ristow, Oliver; Eisenmann, Urs; Dickhaus, Hartmut; Engel, Michael; Freudlsperger, Christian; Hoffmann, Jürgen; Seeberger, Robin

    2018-05-01

    Reproduction of the exact preoperative proximal-mandible position after osteotomy in orthognathic surgery is difficult to achieve. This clinical pilot study evaluated an electromagnetic (EM) navigation system for condylar positioning after high-oblique sagittal split osteotomy (HSSO). After HSSO as part of 2-jaw surgery, the position of 10 condyles was intraoperatively guided by an EM navigation system. As controls, 10 proximal segments were positioned by standard manual replacement. Accuracy was measured by pre- and postoperative cone beam computed tomography imaging. Overall, EM condyle repositioning was equally accurate compared with manual repositioning (P > .05). Subdivided into 3 axes, significant differences could be identified (P < .05). Nevertheless, no significantly and clinically relevant dislocations of the proximal segment of either the EM or the manual repositioning method could be shown (P > .05). This pilot study introduces a guided method for proximal segment positioning after HSSO by applying the intraoperative EM system. The data demonstrate the high accuracy of EM navigation, although manual replacement of the condyles could not be surpassed. However, EM navigation can avoid clinically hidden, severe malpositioning of the condyles. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  1. Emergency management training program: Guide to good practice

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Not Available

    1991-07-01

    The Emergency Management Training Program Guide to Good Practice is a project of the Training Resources and Data Exchange (TRADE) Emergency Management Issues Special Interest Group (EMI SIG). EMI SIG members expressed interest in a resource to assist in development of a comprehensive emergency management training program. This publication provides guidelines, methods, and materials for EMI SIG members to use, assisting in complete and effective emergency management programs. The purposes of the Emergency Management Training Program Guide to Good Practice are: Provide guidance in the development and management of Emergency Management (EM) training programs; Assist EM trainers to incorporate componentsmore » of the DOE Emergency Management System philosophy of planning, preparedness, readiness assurance, and response into EM training programs; Help EM training managers meet EM training requirements and conditions established by current regulations and policies; Supplement other TRADE EMI SIG documents and complement individual facility training documents. This program is designed for emergency management personnel who are responsible for providing or overseeing EM training but who do not necessarily possess expertise in developing training. It provides good practices from the manager's point of view on how to produce, administer, and document facility EM training programs in the spirit of the DOE EM system philosophy. Basic guidance is also included for personnel who design, develop, deliver, and/or evaluate EM training programs or parts. This guidance includes key points of EM training programs and identifies other documents that contain useful and/or more detailed training information.« less

  2. Emergency management training program: Guide to good practice

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Not Available

    1991-07-01

    The Emergency Management Training Program Guide to Good Practice is a project of the Training Resources and Data Exchange (TRADE) Emergency Management Issues Special Interest Group (EMI SIG). EMI SIG members expressed interest in a resource to assist in development of a comprehensive emergency management training program. This publication provides guidelines, methods, and materials for EMI SIG members to use, assisting in complete and effective emergency management programs. The purposes of the Emergency Management Training Program Guide to Good Practice are: Provide guidance in the development and management of Emergency Management (EM) training programs; Assist EM trainers to incorporate componentsmore » of the DOE Emergency Management System philosophy of planning, preparedness, readiness assurance, and response into EM training programs; Help EM training managers meet EM training requirements and conditions established by current regulations and policies; Supplement other TRADE EMI SIG documents and complement individual facility training documents. This program is designed for emergency management personnel who are responsible for providing or overseeing EM training but who do not necessarily possess expertise in developing training. It provides good practices from the manager`s point of view on how to produce, administer, and document facility EM training programs in the spirit of the DOE EM system philosophy. Basic guidance is also included for personnel who design, develop, deliver, and/or evaluate EM training programs or parts. This guidance includes key points of EM training programs and identifies other documents that contain useful and/or more detailed training information.« less

  3. Contributions of poroelastic-wave potentials to seismoelectromagnetic wavefields and validity of the quasi-static calculation: a view from a borehole model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Guan, Wei; Shi, Peng; Hu, Hengshan

    2018-01-01

    In this study, we theoretically analyse the contributions of the four poroelastic-wave potentials to seismoelectromagnetic (SEM) wavefields, verify the validity of the quasi-static calculation of the electric field and provide a method to calculate the magnetic field by using the curl-free electric field. Calculations show that both the fast and slow P waves and the SH and SV waves have non-negligible contributions to the SEM fields. The S waves have indirect contribution to the electric field through the EM conversion from the magnetic field, although the direct contribution due to streaming current is negligible if EM wavenumbers are much smaller than those of the S waves. The P waves have indirect contribution to the magnetic field through EM conversion from the electric field, although the direct contribution is absent. The quasi-static calculation of the electric field is practicable since it is normally satisfied in reality that the EM wavenumbers are much smaller than those of poroelastic waves. While the direct contribution of the S waves and the higher-order EM conversions are ignored, the first-order EM conversion from the S-wave-induced magnetic field is reserved through the continuity of the electric-current density. To calculate the magnetic field on this basis, we separate the quasi-static electric field into a rotational and an irrotational part. The magnetic-field solutions are derived through Hertz vectors in which the coefficients of the magnetic Hertz vector are determined from the magnetic-field continuities and those of the electric Hertz vector originate from the irrotational part of the quasi-static electric field.

  4. Military Emergency Medical Service System Assessment: Application of the National Park Service Needs Assessment and Program Audit to Objectively Evaluate the Military EMS System of Okinawa, Japan.

    PubMed

    Ross, Elliot M; Harper, Stephen A; Cunningham, Cord; Walrath, Benjamin D; DeMers, Gerard; Kharod, Chetan U

    2017-03-01

    As part of a Military Emergency Medical Services (EMS) system process improvement initiative, the authors sought to objectively evaluate the U.S. military EMS system for the island of Okinawa. They applied a program evaluation tool currently utilized by the U.S. National Park Service (NPS). A comprehensive needs assessment was conducted to evaluate the current Military EMS system in Okinawa, Japan. The NPS EMS Program Audit Worksheet was used to get an overall "score" of our assessment. After all the data had been collected, a joint committee of Military EMS physicians reviewed the findings and made formal recommendations. From 2011 to 2014, U.S. military EMS on Okinawa averaged 1,345 ± 137 patient transports annually. An advanced life support (ALS) provider would have been dispatched on 558 EMS runs (38%) based on chief complaint in 2014 had they been available. Over 36,000 man-hours were expended during this period to provide National Registry Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)-accredited instruction to certify 141 Navy Corpsman as EMT Basics. The NPS EMS Program Audit Worksheet was used and the program scored a total of 31, suggesting the program is well planned and operating within standards. This evaluation of the Military EMS system on Okinawa using the NPS program assessment and audit worksheet demonstrates the NPS evaluation instruments may offer a useful assessment tool for the evaluation of Military EMS systems. Reprint & Copyright © 2017 Association of Military Surgeons of the U.S.

  5. Use of Naloxone by Emergency Medical Services During Opioid Drug Overdose Resuscitation Efforts

    PubMed Central

    Sumner, Steven Allan; Mercado-Crespo, Melissa C.; Spelke, M. Bridget; Paulozzi, Leonard; Sugerman, David E.; Hillis, Susan D.; Stanley, Christina

    2015-01-01

    Naloxone administration is an important component of resuscitation attempts by emergency medical services (EMS) for opioid drug overdoses. However, EMS providers must first recognize the possibility of opioid overdose in clinical encounters. As part of a public health response to an outbreak of opioid overdoses in Rhode Island, we examined missed opportunities for naloxone administration and factors potentially influencing EMS providers’ decision to administer naloxone. We reviewed medical examiner files on all individuals who died of an opioid-related drug overdose in Rhode Island from January 1, 2012 through March 31, 2014, underwent attempted resuscitation by EMS providers, and had records available to assess for naloxone administration. We evaluated whether these individuals received naloxone as part of their resuscitation efforts and compared patient and scene characteristics of those who received naloxone to those who did not receive naloxone via chi-square, t-test, and logistic regression analyses. One hundred and twenty-four individuals who underwent attempted EMS resuscitation died due to opioid overdose. Naloxone was administered during EMS resuscitation attempts in 82 (66.1%) of cases. Females were nearly three-fold as likely not to receive naloxone as males (OR 2.9; 95% CI 1.2–7.0; p-value 0.02). Additionally, patients without signs of potential drug abuse also had a greater than three-fold odds of not receiving nalox-one (OR 3.3; 95% CI 1.2–9.2; p-value 0.02). Older individuals, particularly those over age 50, were more likely not to receive naloxone than victims younger than age 30 (OR 4.8; 95% CI 1.3–17.4; p-value 0.02). Women, older individuals, and those patients without clear signs of illicit drug abuse, were less likely to receive naloxone in EMS resuscitation attempts. Heightened clinical suspicion for opioid overdose is important given the recent increase in overdoses among patients due to prescription opioids. PMID:26383533

  6. Emergency manual implementation: can brief simulation-based or staff trainings increase familiarity and planned clinical use?

    PubMed

    Goldhaber-Fiebert, Sara N; Lei, Vivian; Nandagopal, Kiruthiga; Bereknyei, Sylvia

    2015-05-01

    Emergency manuals (EMs)-context-relevant sets of cognitive aids such as crisis checklists-are useful tools to enhance perioperative patient care. Studies in high-hazard industries demonstrate that humans, regardless of expertise, do not optimally retrieve or deploy key knowledge under stress. EM use has been shown in both health care simulation studies and other industries to help expert teams effectively manage critical events. However, clinical adoption and use are still nascent in health care. Recognizing that training with, access to, and cultural acceptance of EMs can be vital elements for successful implementation, this study assessed the impact of a brief in situ operating room (OR) staff training program on familiarity with EMs and intention to use them during critical events. Nine 50-minute training sessions were held with OR staff as part of a broader perioperative EM implementation. Participants primarily included OR nurses and surgical technologists. The simulation-based in situ trainings included why and how to use EMs, familiarization with format, simulated scenarios of critical events, and debriefings. A retrospective pre-post survey was conducted to determine participants' levels of EM familiarity and intentions to use EMs clinically. The 126 trained OR staff self-reported increases in awareness of the EM (p < .01), familiarity with EM (p < .01), willingness to use for educational review (p < .01), and intention to use during critical events (p < .01). Participants rated the sessions highly and expressed interest in more opportunities to practice using EMs. Implementing institutions should not only provide EMs in accessible places in ORs but also incorporate training mechanisms to increase clinicians' familiarity, cultural acceptance, and planned clinical use.

  7. Rack 'em, pack 'em and stack 'em: challenges and opportunities in teaching large classes in higher education.

    PubMed

    Kumar, Saravana

    2013-01-01

    The higher education sector is undergoing tremendous change, driven by complex driving forces including financial, administrative, and organisational and stakeholder expectations. It is in this challenging environment, educators are required to maintain and improve the quality of teaching and learning outcomes while contending with increasing class sizes. Despite mixed evidence on the effectiveness of large classes on student outcomes, large classes continue to play an important part in higher education. While large classes pose numerous challenges, they also provide opportunities for innovative solutions. This paper provides an overview of these challenges and highlights opportunities for innovative solutions.

  8. A Fast and Effective Microfluidic Spraying-Plunging Method for High-Resolution Single-Particle Cryo-EM.

    PubMed

    Feng, Xiangsong; Fu, Ziao; Kaledhonkar, Sandip; Jia, Yuan; Shah, Binita; Jin, Amy; Liu, Zheng; Sun, Ming; Chen, Bo; Grassucci, Robert A; Ren, Yukun; Jiang, Hongyuan; Frank, Joachim; Lin, Qiao

    2017-04-04

    We describe a spraying-plunging method for preparing cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) grids with vitreous ice of controllable, highly consistent thickness using a microfluidic device. The new polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based sprayer was tested with apoferritin. We demonstrate that the structure can be solved to high resolution with this method of sample preparation. Besides replacing the conventional pipetting-blotting-plunging method, one of many potential applications of the new sprayer is in time-resolved cryo-EM, as part of a PDMS-based microfluidic reaction channel to study short-lived intermediates on the timescale of 10-1,000 ms. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  9. Examining End-Of-Chapter Problems Across Editions of an Introductory Calculus-Based Physics Textbook

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Xiao, Bin

    End-Of-Chapter (EOC) problems have been part of many physics education studies. Typically, only problems "localized" as relevant to a single chapter were used. This work examines how well this type of problem represents all EOC problems and whether EOC problems found in leading textbooks have changed over the past several decades. To investigate whether EOC problems have connections between chapters, I solved all problems of the E&M; chapters of the most recent edition of a popular introductory level calculus-based textbook and coded the equations used to solve each problem. These results were compared to the first edition of the same text. Also, several relevant problem features were coded for those problems and results were compared for sample chapters across all editions. My findings include two parts. The result of equation usage shows that problems in the E&M; chapters do use equations from both other E&M; chapters and non-E&M; chapters. This out-of-chapter usage increased from the first edition to the last edition. Information about the knowledge structure of E&M; chapters was also revealed. The results of the problem feature study show that most EOC problems have common features but there was an increase of diversity in some of the problem features across editions.

  10. Using high-order polynomial basis in 3-D EM forward modeling based on volume integral equation method

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kruglyakov, Mikhail; Kuvshinov, Alexey

    2018-05-01

    3-D interpretation of electromagnetic (EM) data of different origin and scale becomes a common practice worldwide. However, 3-D EM numerical simulations (modeling)—a key part of any 3-D EM data analysis—with realistic levels of complexity, accuracy and spatial detail still remains challenging from the computational point of view. We present a novel, efficient 3-D numerical solver based on a volume integral equation (IE) method. The efficiency is achieved by using a high-order polynomial (HOP) basis instead of the zero-order (piecewise constant) basis that is invoked in all routinely used IE-based solvers. We demonstrate that usage of the HOP basis allows us to decrease substantially the number of unknowns (preserving the same accuracy), with corresponding speed increase and memory saving.

  11. New Developments in the Technology Readiness Assessment Process in US DOE-EM - 13247

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Krahn, Steven; Sutter, Herbert; Johnson, Hoyt

    2013-07-01

    A Technology Readiness Assessment (TRA) is a systematic, metric-based process and accompanying report that evaluates the maturity of the technologies used in systems; it is designed to measure technology maturity using the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) scale pioneered by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in the 1980's. More recently, DoD has adopted and provided systematic guidance for performing TRAs and determining TRLs. In 2007 the GAO recommended that the DOE adopt the NASA/DoD methodology for evaluating technology maturity. Earlier, in 2006-2007, DOE-EM had conducted pilot TRAs on a number of projects at Hanford and Savannah River. In Marchmore » 2008, DOE-EM issued a process guide, which established TRAs as an integral part of DOE-EM's Project Management Critical Decision Process. Since the development of its detailed TRA guidance in 2008, DOE-EM has continued to accumulate experience in the conduct of TRAs and the process for evaluating technology maturity. DOE has developed guidance on TRAs applicable department-wide. DOE-EM's experience with the TRA process, the evaluations that led to recently developed proposed revisions to the DOE-EM TRA/TMP Guide; the content of the proposed changes that incorporate the above lessons learned and insights are described. (authors)« less

  12. Scalable and Interactive Segmentation and Visualization of Neural Processes in EM Datasets

    PubMed Central

    Jeong, Won-Ki; Beyer, Johanna; Hadwiger, Markus; Vazquez, Amelio; Pfister, Hanspeter; Whitaker, Ross T.

    2011-01-01

    Recent advances in scanning technology provide high resolution EM (Electron Microscopy) datasets that allow neuroscientists to reconstruct complex neural connections in a nervous system. However, due to the enormous size and complexity of the resulting data, segmentation and visualization of neural processes in EM data is usually a difficult and very time-consuming task. In this paper, we present NeuroTrace, a novel EM volume segmentation and visualization system that consists of two parts: a semi-automatic multiphase level set segmentation with 3D tracking for reconstruction of neural processes, and a specialized volume rendering approach for visualization of EM volumes. It employs view-dependent on-demand filtering and evaluation of a local histogram edge metric, as well as on-the-fly interpolation and ray-casting of implicit surfaces for segmented neural structures. Both methods are implemented on the GPU for interactive performance. NeuroTrace is designed to be scalable to large datasets and data-parallel hardware architectures. A comparison of NeuroTrace with a commonly used manual EM segmentation tool shows that our interactive workflow is faster and easier to use for the reconstruction of complex neural processes. PMID:19834227

  13. The day that the START triage system came to a STOP: observations from the World Trade Center disaster.

    PubMed

    Asaeda, Glenn

    2002-03-01

    The Fire Department of the City of New York--Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Operations is one of the largest EMS systems in the country. On a daily basis, this system responds to approximately 3,000 to 3,500 calls for ambulance requests. This equates to 1.2 to 1.5 million calls annually. As part of its response, EMS deals on a daily basis with multiple casualty and disaster-type situations. The magnitude of the attacks on the World Trade Center, however, was on a scale not previously seen by any system. This article is a case report of the September 11, 2001, incident.

  14. Far-field detection of sub-wavelength Tetris without extra near-field metal parts based on phase prints of time-reversed fields with intensive background interference.

    PubMed

    Chen, Yingming; Wang, Bing-Zhong

    2014-07-14

    Time-reversal (TR) phase prints are first used in far-field (FF) detection of sub-wavelength (SW) deformable scatterers without any extra metal structure positioned in the vicinity of the target. The 2D prints derive from discrete short-time Fourier transform of 1D TR electromagnetic (EM) signals. Because the time-invariant intensive background interference is effectively centralized by TR technique, the time-variant weak indication from FF SW scatterers can be highlighted. This method shows a different use of TR technique in which the focus peak of TR EM waves is unusually removed and the most useful information is conveyed by the other part.

  15. Electrostimulation improves muscle perfusion but does not affect either muscle deoxygenation or pulmonary oxygen consumption kinetics during a heavy constant-load exercise.

    PubMed

    Layec, Gwenael; Millet, Grégoire P; Jougla, Aurélie; Micallef, Jean-Paul; Bendahan, David

    2008-02-01

    Electromyostimulation (EMS) is commonly used as part of training programs. However, the exact effects at the muscle level are largely unknown and it has been recently hypothesized that the beneficial effect of EMS could be mediated by an improved muscle perfusion. In the present study, we investigated rates of changes in pulmonary oxygen consumption (VO(2p)) and muscle deoxygenation during a standardized exercise performed after an EMS warm-up session. We aimed at determining whether EMS could modify pulmonary O(2) uptake and muscle deoxygenation as a result of improved oxygen delivery. Nine subjects performed a 6-min heavy constant load cycling exercise bout preceded either by an EMS session (EMS) or under control conditions (CONT). VO(2p) and heart rate (HR) were measured while deoxy-(HHb), oxy-(HbO(2)) and total haemoglobin/myoglobin (Hb(tot)) relative contents were measured using near infrared spectroscopy. EMS significantly increased (P < 0.05) the Hb(tot) resting level illustrating a residual hyperaemia. The EMS priming exercise did not affect either the HHb time constant (17.7 +/- 14.2 s vs. 13.1 +/- 2.3 s under control conditions) or the VO(2p) kinetics (time-constant = 18.2 +/- 5.2 s vs. 15.4 +/- 4.6 s under control conditions). Likewise, the other VO(2p) parameters were unchanged. Our results further indicated that EMS warm-up improved muscle perfusion through a residual hyperaemia. However, neither VO(2p) nor [HHb] kinetics were modified accordingly. These results suggest that improved O(2) delivery by residual hyperaemia induced by EMS does not accelerate the rate of aerobic metabolism during heavy exercise at least in trained subjects.

  16. Variation in Emergency Medical Services Workplace Safety Culture

    PubMed Central

    Patterson, P. Daniel; Huang, David T.; Fairbanks, Rollin J.; Simeone, Scott; Weaver, Matthew; Wang, Henry E.

    2010-01-01

    Introduction Workplace attitude, beliefs and culture may impact the safety of patient care. This study characterized perceptions of safety culture in a nationwide sample of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) agencies. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey involving 61 Advanced Life Support EMS agencies in North America. We administered a modified version of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ), a survey instrument measuring dimensions of workplace safety culture (Safety Climate, Teamwork Climate, Perceptions of Management, Job Satisfaction, Working Conditions, and Stress Recognition). We included full-time and part-time paramedics and Emergency Medical Technicians. We determined the variation in safety culture scores across EMS agencies. Using Hierarchical Linear Models (HLM), we determined associations between safety culture scores and individual and EMS agency characteristics. Results We received 1,715 completed surveys from 61 EMS agencies (mean agency response rate 47%; 95% CI 10%, 83%). There was wide variation in safety culture scores across EMS agencies [mean (min, max)]: Safety Climate 74.5 (Min 49.9, Max 89.7), Teamwork Climate 71.2 (Min 45.1, Max 90.1), Perceptions of Management 67.2 (Min 31.1, Max 92.2), Job Satisfaction 75.4 (Min 47.5, Max 93.8), Working Conditions 66.9 (Min 36.6, Max 91.4), Stress Recognition 55.1 (Min 31.3, Max 70.6). Air medical EMS agencies tended to score higher across all safety culture domains. Lower safety culture scores were associated with increased annual patient contacts. Safety climate domain scores were not associated with other individual or EMS agency characteristics. Conclusion In this sample, workplace safety culture varies between EMS agencies. PMID:20809688

  17. Estudo de soluções locais e cosmológicas em teorias do tipo tensor-escalar

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Silva E Costa, S.

    2003-08-01

    Teorias do tipo tensor-escalar são a mais simples extensão possí vel da Relatividade Geral. Nessas teorias, cujo modelo padrão é a teoria de Brans-Dicke, a curvatura do espaço-tempo, descrita por componentes tensoriais, aparece acoplada a um campo escalar que, de certo modo, representa uma variação na constante de acoplamento da gravitação. Tais teorias apresentam soluções locais e cosmológicas que, em determinados limites, recaem nas apresentadas pela Relatividade Geral, mas que em outros limites trazem novidades, tais como conseqüências observacionais da evolução de flutuações primordiais distintas daquelas previstas pela Relatividade Geral (ver, por ex., Nagata et al., PRD 66, p. 103510 (2002)). Graças a esta possibilidade de trazer à luz novidades em relação à gravitação, teorias do tipo tensor-escalar podem ser vistas como um interessante campo alternativo de pesquisas para soluções dos problemas de massa faltante (ou escura) e/ou energia escura. Seguindo tal linha, este trabalho, ainda em sua fase inicial, apresenta soluções gerais de teorias do tipo tensor-escalar para diversas situações, verificando-se em que consiste a divergência dessas soluções dos casos tradicionais possí veis na Relatividade Geral. Como exemplos das soluções aqui apresentadas pode-se destacar uma expressão geral para diferentes soluções cosmológicas englobando diferentes tipos de matéria (representados por diferentes equações de estado), e a expressão para uma solução local representando um buraco negro com rotação, similar à solução de Kerr da Relatividade Geral. Por fim, é importante ressaltar que, embora aqui apresentem-se poucos resultados novos, na literatura sobre o assunto a maior parte das soluções apresentadas limita-se a uns poucos casos especí ficos, tal como soluções cosmológicas apenas com curvatura nula, e que mesmo as soluções disponí veis são, em geral, pouco divulgadas e, portanto, pouco conhecidas, e é tal situação que este trabalho busca, em parte, reverter.

  18. Reconstrução tridimensional de arcos magnéticos por tomografia

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Simões, P. J. A.; Costa, J. E. R.

    2003-08-01

    Uma explosão solar é uma variação súbita do brilho que ocorre nas regiões ativas da atmosfera solar. Estas regiões são constituídas por um plasma magnetizado com intensa indução magnética e em cenários bem complexos como visto recentemente através de experimentos embarcados em satélites operando instrumentos em raios X moles e ultra-violeta distante. A energia magnética, que pode ser armazenada por um período de horas até dias em configurações magnéticas estressadas, é subitamente lançada na atmosfera solar e transferida para partículas como elétrons, prótons e núcleos pesados, que são acelerados e/ou aquecidos, produzindo radiação eletromagnética. A proposta final deste projeto é determinar as características espaciais de alta resolução da emissão e polarização girossincrotrônica de explosões solares em ambientes complexos de campos magnéticos. Os recentes resultados da emissão difusa em EUV apresentado pelos satélites TRACE e SOHO dos arcos magnéticos conectando as diferentes polaridades magnéticas sobre as regiões ativas possibilitam novas abordagens sobre o papel do campo magnético na emissão em rádio. Nesta etapa apresentamos os resultados da reconstrução da geometria tridimensional das linhas de força destes arcos utilizando técnicas tomográficas, a partir de imagens de alta resolução espacial obtidas pelo instrumento EIT (Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope), além da modelagem das induções magnéticas por um campo dipolar e as densidades de partículas aceleradas. Utilizamos para a reconstrução geométrica, imagens tomadas em vários ângulos dos arcos devido à rotacão solar. Com estes resultados, daremos continuidade ao projeto, com os cálculos da transferência radiativa nos modos ordinário e extraordinário de propagação da radiação girossincrotrônica de explosões solares.

  19. Cerebral cortex activation mapping upon electrical muscle stimulation by 32-channel time-domain functional near-infrared spectroscopy.

    PubMed

    Re, Rebecca; Muthalib, Makii; Contini, Davide; Zucchelli, Lucia; Torricelli, Alessandro; Spinelli, Lorenzo; Caffini, Matteo; Ferrari, Marco; Quaresima, Valentina; Perrey, Stephane; Kerr, Graham

    2013-01-01

    The application of different EMS current thresholds on muscle activates not only the muscle but also peripheral sensory axons that send proprioceptive and pain signals to the cerebral cortex. A 32-channel time-domain fNIRS instrument was employed to map regional cortical activities under varied EMS current intensities applied on the right wrist extensor muscle. Eight healthy volunteers underwent four EMS at different current thresholds based on their individual maximal tolerated intensity (MTI), i.e., 10 % < 50 % < 100 % < over 100 % MTI. Time courses of the absolute oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin concentrations primarily over the bilateral sensorimotor cortical (SMC) regions were extrapolated, and cortical activation maps were determined by general linear model using the NIRS-SPM software. The stimulation-induced wrist extension paradigm significantly increased activation of the contralateral SMC region according to the EMS intensities, while the ipsilateral SMC region showed no significant changes. This could be due in part to a nociceptive response to the higher EMS current intensities and result also from increased sensorimotor integration in these cortical regions.

  20. Sublatitudinal Isotope Heterogeneity of The Atlantic and Adjacent Continents: A Relation To The Litospheric Plates and Superplums

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mironov, Yu. V.; Ryakhovsky, V. M.; Pustovoy, A. A.; Lapidus, I. V.

    Four Sr-Nd-Pb isotope sublatitudinal provinces are chosen in the Atlantic and on ad- jacent continents. They include mid-ocean ridges, oceanic rises and islands, as well as Late Mesozoic - Cenozoic continental rifts and traps. A modified Zindler-Hart "man- tle tetrahedron" (1986) have been used for rock systematics. Its major classification element alongside with known end-members (DM, HIMU, EM1, EM2) is any in- tratetrahedron component F ("focal") (Mironov et al., 2000; Rundquist et al., 2000; Ryakhovsky, 2000). It represents average characteristic of all known intratetrahedron components (FOZO, C, PREMA etc.), updated by methods of multidimensional statis- tics. Northern province includes Mid-Atlantic Ridge from a southern part of Reykjanes ridge up to 24S, numerous islands and rises, located at the same latitudes, Cameroon Line, African and European rifts, Aden and Red sea spreading centres, and also Co- mores in Indian ocean. The main composition dispersion of volcanics from withinplate oceanic and continental structures is determined by mixture of F and HIMU (rarely with admixture EM2). MORB within this area are characterized by stable admixture HIMU. Similar composition have the rocks in Bouvet-Antarctic province, within the limits of which the rises Spiss and Shona, the most southern part of Mid-Atlantic ridge, island Bouvet, an adjacent part of Southwest-Indian Ridge, and also traps and rifts on northern coast of Antarctic Continent are located. The Southern province lies in outlines of known Southern hemisphere DUPAL-anomaly (Hart, 1984). The with- inplate oceanic rocks (Gough, Tristan-da-Kunha, Walvis ridge, Rio Grande Plateau, Discovery) correspond to a mixture F + EM1 (sometimes F + EM1 + EM2) and are similar with traps of Southern America and Africa. Further to east this province is traced on islands and mid-ocean ridges in Indian ocean. MORB of Southern Atlantic and Indian ocean are enriched EM1. The Arctic province includes spreading ridges of Northern Atlantic, Norvegian-Greenland sea and Arctic ocean, islands Iceland and Jan-Mayen, Iceland-Faeroe Rise, and also traps of Norway, Britain, and Greenland. MORB and the island rocks correspond to the line of mixture F + DM. On major- ity of isotope characteristics they are similar with DUPAL-MORB (with admixture EM1), but on a ratio 206Pb and 207Pb are close to normal MORB (with admixture 1 HIMU). This specificity is connected to admixture of the special component ARC- TIC. This component represents one of end-components of trends, which are formed by compositions of continental rocks of the Arctic area and reach far beyond "mantle tetrahedron". Thus, transoceanic sublatitudinal isotope heterogeneity, which we have revealed earlier using data on oceanic structures (Mironov et al., 2000; Rundquist et al., 2000; Ryakhovsky, 2000), is traced and on continents. The specificity of main elements of this heterogeneity determine or end-members of "mantle tetrahedron" (HIMU or EM1), or component ARCTIC, located outside "tetrahedron". The main differences between types of structures are determined by mixture of specific compo- nent for given province (HIMU, EM1 or ARCTIC) or with intratetrahedron compo- nent F, or with depleted mantle (DM). The isotopic provinces are discordant to the lithospheric plate boundaries, to extended transform fault, and also to areas of low velosity mantle at the core boundary, which are considered as a places of superplume generating (Fukao et al., 1994). The work is supported by RFBR, and federal program "World Ocean". 2

  1. Using telepresence enabled remote-operated vehicles to assess hydrothermal outflow along a collapse scar near the Kick'em Jenny Volcano

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Whitley, S. Z.; Mittelstaedt, E. L.

    2016-02-01

    During expedition NA054 of the E/V Nautilus from 18 September to 9 October 2014 and as part of the TREET (Transforming Remotely Conducted Research through Ethnography, Education, and Rapidly Evolving Technologies) project, a series of photographic surveys along the shoulder of the Kick'em Jenny volcano were performed under direction of a remote research team located at the University of Rhode Island Inner Space Center. The primary goal of these surveys was to map the distribution and extent of active and extinct hydrothermal activity along a large collapse scar surrounding the current edifice of the Kick'em Jenny volcano. Photomosaic surveys cover a area of 3000 m2 and reveal extensive basalt alteration with areas of active diffuse hydrothermal outflow. The spatial extents of orange-colored alteration and white, bacterial mats, taken to indicate active outflow, are quantified using both manual identification and an automated, supervised classification scheme. Both methods find that alteration covers 7-8% and active outflow 1-3% of the survey region. It is unclear if the observed hydrothermal fluids are part of the fluid circulation network of the nearby Kick'em Jenny volcano or if a separate heat source is driving this flow. To test these two endmember cases, we use a 2D, finite-difference, marker-in-cell code to simulate hydrothermal circulation of a single-phase fluid within the oceanic crust. Parameters varied include the permeability structure (e.g., inclusion of a permeability barrier representing the collapse surface), the depth to the heat source beneath Kick'em Jenny, and the bathymetry. We will discuss results from the photomosaic analysis and our initial models.

  2. Calibración del retardo ionosférico en observaciones astrométricas y geodésicas a partir de observaciones GPS

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Brunini, C.; Kleusberg, A.; Arias, E. F.; de Biasi, M. S.

    Los parámetros astrométricos y geodésicos de precisión se determinan hoy mediante la observación con técnicas espaciales (VLBI, GPS y LSR). Las técnicas VLBI y GPS operan en la banda de microondas y en ella la ionósfera terrestre es dispersiva. Las señales que provienen de las radiofuentes y de los satélites atraviesan la ionósfera, donde el índice de refracción difiere de la unidad en una cantidad que es proporcional a la densidad de electrones libres e inversamente proporcional al cuadrado de la frecuencia de la onda portadora. Actualmente el International GPS Service for Geodynamics (IGS) mantiene operacional una red global integrada por más de 50 estaciones equipadas con receptores GPS de alta performance; las observaciones diarias son accesibles a los usuarios mediante ftp. La posibilidad de utilizar estas observaciones en un monitoreo continuo de la ionósfera fue señalada por diversos autores, razón por la cual en los últimos años se ha invertido un significativo esfuerzo en la producción de mapas ionosféricos regionales y globales. En el presente trabajo se utilizan 28 estaciones cuyas observaciones mapean la mayor parte de la ionósfera global. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran la posibilidad de obtener mapas ionosféricos globales con una resolución de medio día y con una precisión de (1.5 nseg (rms)). Dichos mapas proveen valores medios globales para el intervalo ajustado. Los residuos del ajuste por mínimos cuadrados constituyen una señal a partir de la cual pueden estudiarse mejor las variaciones geográficas de la ionósfera y las componentes estadísticas de su variación temporal.

  3. Education scholarship in emergency medicine part 1: innovating and improving teaching and learning.

    PubMed

    Sherbino, Jonathan; Van Melle, Elaine; Bandiera, Glen; McEwen, Jill; Leblanc, Constance; Bhanji, Farhan; Frank, Jason R; Regehr, Glenn; Snell, Linda

    2014-05-01

    As emergency medicine (EM) education evolves, a more advanced understanding of education scholarship is required. This article is the first in a series of three articles that reports the recommendations of the 2013 education scholarship consensus conference of the Academic Section of the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians. Adopting the Canadian Association for Medical Education's definition, education scholarship (including both research and innovation) is defined. A rationale for why education scholarship should be a priority for EM is discussed.

  4. AIS training manual

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Kramer, C.F.; Barancik, J.I.

    1989-05-01

    This Training Manual was developed by the Injury Prevention and Analysis Group (IPAG) as part of a training program in AIS 85 and AIS-EM (Epidemiological Modifications) coding. The IPAG Program is designed primarily to train medical record and other health professionals from diverse backgrounds and experience levels in the use of AIS 85 and AIS 85-EM. The Manual is designed to be used as a reference text after completion of the Program and includes copies of visual projection materials used during the training sessions.

  5. Strategic deployment. Two decades of experience provide important lessons on how to deploy emergency resources.

    PubMed

    Fitch, Jay

    2002-02-01

    When it comes to deployment, one size (approach) doesn't fit all. Progressive public safety and EMS systems will recognize that a successful plan can thoughtfully balance system performance and human needs. Inventive people who learned how to do things better, cheaper and faster built America. Providing optimum system coverage, improved response times and quality care for patients fits the same mold. Sophisticated and accountable EMS systems readily accept this as part of their mandate.

  6. What do EMS personnel think about domestic violence? An exploration of attitudes and experiences after participation in training.

    PubMed

    Donnelly, Elizabeth A; Oehme, Karen; Melvin, Rebecca

    2016-02-01

    In 2012, the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) reaffirmed that domestic violence is a serious public health hazard that emergency medical services (EMS) personnel will encounter. Many victims of domestic violence may refuse transport to the hospital, making EMS prehospital field personnel --EMTs and paramedics-- their only contact with healthcare providers. Despite these facts, the interaction of field EMS personnel and victims of domestic violence remains largely unexamined. Given the importance of the interaction of field EMS personnel have with victims of domestic violence, the goal of this study is to explore attitudes about and experiences of EMS personnel on the issue of domestic violence after completing a training on domestic violence. Participants were recruited by researchers contacting multiple EMS agencies. Data were gathered using a survey attached to an online domestic violence training for field EMS personnel (EMTs and paramedics) circulated in a large southern state. Participants were able to obtain continuing education credits for completing the online modules. A total of 403 respondents completed the survey. 71% of respondents indicated that they frequently encounter patients who disclose domestic violence; 45% believe that if a victim does not disclose abuse, there is little they can do to help; and from 32% to 43% reported assumptions and attitudes that indicate beliefs that victims are responsible for the abuse. Implications of the data are discussed suggesting that EMS providers are aware that they frequently assist victims of domestic violence, yet many continue to endorse common myths and negative attitudes about victims. Core components of training that can educate EMS personnel about the dynamics of domestic violence are described, and a new free online training for medical professionals on domestic violence is offered for use as part of ongoing education to enhance the EMS response to victims. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved.

  7. Geophysical evaluation of groundwater potential in part of southwestern Basement Complex terrain of Nigeria

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bayewu, Olateju O.; Oloruntola, Moroof O.; Mosuro, Ganiyu O.; Laniyan, Temitope A.; Ariyo, Stephen O.; Fatoba, Julius O.

    2017-12-01

    The geophysical assessment of groundwater in Awa-Ilaporu, near Ago Iwoye southwestern Nigeria was carried out with the aim of delineating probable areas of high groundwater potential. The area falls within the Crystalline Basement Complex of southwestern Nigeria which is predominantly underlain by banded gneiss, granite gneiss and pegmatite. The geophysical investigation involves the very low frequency electromagnetic (VLF-EM) and Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) methods. The VLF-EM survey was at 10 m interval along eight traverses ranging between 290 and 700 m in length using ABEM WADI VLF-EM unit. The VLF-EM survey was used to delineate areas with conductive/fractured zones. Twenty-three VES surveys were carried out with the use of Campus Ohmega resistivity meter at different location and at locations areas delineated as high conductive areas by VLF-EM survey. The result of VLF-EM survey along its traverse was used in delineating high conductive/fractured zones, it is, however, in agreement with the delineation of the VES survey. The VES results showed 3-4 geoelectric layers inferred as sandy topsoil, sandy clay, clayey and fractured/fresh basement. The combination of these two methods, therefore, helped in resolving the prospecting location for the groundwater yield in the study area.

  8. Aging Mechanisms and Control. Symposium Part A - Developments in Computational Aero- and Hydro-Acoustics. Symposium Part B - Monitoring and Management of Gas Turbine Fleets for Extended Life and Reduced Costs (Les mecanismes vieillissants et le controle) (Symposium Partie A - Developpements dans le domaine de l’aeroacoustique et I’hydroacoustique numeriques) (Symposium Partie B - Le suivi et la gestion des turbomoteurs en vue du prolongement de l

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2003-02-01

    Stromingsmechanica Industriale Pleinlaan, 2 Universita Roma Tre B-1050 Brussel via della Vasca Navale 79 em: hirsch@stro10.vub.ac.be 00146 Roma em...the flow and noise in the diffuser of an industrial gas turbine engine. A steady RANS CFD calculation and experiments were used to identify the gross...finally, defence industry was restructuring demanding that we review our relationship with them. (SYA) KN1-5 Ministers agreed that changes were

  9. Gravity currents in rotating channels. Part 1. Steady-state theory

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hacker, J. N.; Linden, P. F.

    2002-04-01

    A theory is developed for the speed and structure of steady-state non-dissipative gravity currents in rotating channels. The theory is an extension of that of Benjamin (1968) for non-rotating gravity currents, and in a similar way makes use of the steady-state and perfect-fluid (incompressible, inviscid and immiscible) approximations, and supposes the existence of a hydrostatic ‘control point’ in the current some distance away from the nose. The model allows for fully non-hydrostatic and ageostrophic motion in a control volume V ahead of the control point, with the solution being determined by the requirements, consistent with the perfect-fluid approximation, of energy and momentum conservation in V, as expressed by Bernoulli's theorem and a generalized flow-force balance. The governing parameter in the problem, which expresses the strength of the background rotation, is the ratio W = B/R, where B is the channel width and R = (g[prime prime or minute]H)1/2/f is the internal Rossby radius of deformation based on the total depth of the ambient fluid H. Analytic solutions are determined for the particular case of zero front-relative flow within the gravity current. For each value of W there is a unique non-dissipative two-layer solution, and a non-dissipative one-layer solution which is specified by the value of the wall-depth h0. In the two-layer case, the non-dimensional propagation speed c = cf(g[prime prime or minute]H)[minus sign]1/2 increases smoothly from the non-rotating value of 0.5 as W increases, asymptoting to unity for W [rightward arrow] [infty infinity]. The gravity current separates from the left-hand wall of the channel at W = 0.67 and thereafter has decreasing width. The depth of the current at the right-hand wall, h0, increases, reaching the full depth at W = 1.90, after which point the interface outcrops on both the upper and lower boundaries, with the distance over which the interface slopes being 0.881R. In the one-layer case, the wall-depth based propagation speed Froude number c0 = cf(g[prime prime or minute]h0)[minus sign]1/2 = 21/2, as in the non-rotating one-layer case. The current separates from the left-hand wall of the channel at W0 [identical with] B/R0 = 2[minus sign]1/2, and thereafter has width 2[minus sign]1/2R0, where R0 = (g[prime prime or minute]h0)1/2/f is the wall-depth based deformation radius.

  10. Physicians in rural West Virginia emergency departments: residency training and board certification status.

    PubMed

    McGirr, J; Williams, J M; Prescott, J E

    1998-04-01

    To describe the training and certification of physicians who staff small EDs in rural West Virginia. A survey of rural hospital-based EDs was performed. The authors chose to study all hospitals in counties with populations of <30,000 and in which the hospital was the only one in the county. Interviews were conducted with the medical director of the ED or the hospital administrator, depending on who was available at the time of interview. Data collected describing the emergency physicians (EPs) employed at each facility included: medical school and residency training, specialty board certification, and certification in a variety of life support courses. General information about each ED, such as census and hospital resources, was also obtained. Interview data were collected on a survey form and subsequently entered into a database. Descriptive analyses were performed. 20 hospitals met rural criteria for inclusion in the study and all were included. The median number of full-time physicians per ED was 2 (IQR 2-4). 98 part-time doctors were identified; 28 (29%) of these were residents in training. 13/40 (33%) of full-time and 37/98 (38%) of part-time physicians were foreign medical graduates. Only 3/40 (7.5%) of full-time EPs completed residency training in emergency medicine (EM). Only 4/98 (4%) of part-time EPs were residency-trained in EM. 50% of full-time EPs were board-certified in a primary care specialty. Only 5/42 (12%) of full-time EPs were board-certified in EM. One third of full-time and the majority of part-time EPs were not board-certified in any specialty whatsoever. The majority of EPs had been certified in Advanced Cardiac Life Support, but fewer had been certified in Advanced Trauma Life Support and/or Pediatric Advanced Life Support/Advanced Pediatric Life Support. The majority of physicians staffing small rural EDs in West Virginia are neither residency-trained nor board-certified in EM. Further studies are warranted to determine the most efficient and effective way to maximize the skills and availability of emergency care providers in rural settings.

  11. Sandia National Laboratories, California Environmental Management System program manual.

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Larsen, Barbara L.

    2012-03-01

    The Sandia National Laboratories, California (SNL/CA) Environmental Management System (EMS) Program Manual documents the elements of the site EMS Program. The SNL/CA EMS Program conforms to the International Standard on Environmental Management Systems, ISO 14001:2004and Department of Energy (DOE) Order 436.1. Sandia National Laboratories, California (SNL/CA) has maintained functional environmental programs to assist with regulatory compliance for more than 30 years. During 2005, these existing programs were rolled into a formal environmental management system (EMS) that expands beyond the traditional compliance focus to managing and improving environmental performance and stewardship practices for all site activities. An EMS is a setmore » of inter-related elements that represent a continuing cycle of planning, implementing, evaluating, and improving processes and actions undertaken to achieve environmental policy and goals. The SNL/CA EMS Program conforms to the International Standard for Environmental Management Systems, ISO 14001:2004 (ISO 2004). The site first received ISO 14001 certification in September 2006 and recertification in 2009. SNL/CA's EMS Program is applicable to the Sandia, Livermore site only. Although SNL/CA operates as one organizational division of the overall Sandia National Laboratories, the EMS Program is site-specific, with site-specific objectives and targets. SNL/CA (Division 8000) benefits from the organizational structure as it provides corporate level policies, procedures, and standards, and established processes that connect to and support elements of the SNL/CA EMS Program. Additionally, SNL/CA's EMS Program benefits from two corporate functional programs (Facilities Energy and Water Resource Management and Fleet Services programs) that maintain responsibility for energy management and fleet services for all Sandia locations. Each EMS element is further enhanced with site-specific processes and standards. Division 8000 has several groups operating at Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico (SNL/NM). Although these groups, from an organizational perspective, are part of Division 8000, they are managed locally and fall under the environmental requirements specific to their New Mexico location. The New Mexico groups in Division 8000 follow the corporate EMS Program for New Mexico operations.« less

  12. Diversity in emergency medicine education: expanding the horizon.

    PubMed

    Bowman, Steven H; Moreno-Walton, Lisa; Ezenkwele, Ugo A; Heron, Sheryl L

    2011-10-01

    An emergency medicine (EM)-based curriculum on diversity, inclusion, and cultural competency can also serve as a mechanism to introduce topics on health care disparities. Although the objectives of such curricula and the potential benefits to EM trainees are apparent, there are relatively few resources available for EM program directors to use to develop these specialized curricula. The object of this article is to 1) broadly discuss the current state of curricula of diversity, inclusion, and cultural competency in EM training programs; 2) identify tools and disseminate strategies to embed issues of disparities in health care in the creation of the curriculum; and 3) provide resources for program directors to develop their own curricula. A group of EM program directors with an interest in cultural competency distributed a preworkshop survey through the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors (CORD) e-mail list to EM program directors to assess the current state of diversity and cultural competency training in EM programs. Approximately 50 members attended a workshop during the 2011 CORD Academic Assembly as part of the Best Practices track, where the results of the survey were disseminated and discussed. In addition to the objectives listed above, the presenters reviewed the literature regarding the rationale for a cultural competency curriculum and its relationship to addressing health care disparities, the relationship to unconscious physician bias, and the Tool for Assessing Cultural Competence Training (TACCT) model for curriculum development. © 2011 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.

  13. Moléculas orgánicas obtenidas en simulaciones experimentales del medio interestelar.

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Muñoz-Caro, Guillermo Manuel

    Las nubes moleculares son regiones de formación de estrellas, con temperaturas cinéticas entre 10-50 K y densidades de 103-106 átomos cm-3. Su materia está formada por gas y polvo interestelar. Estas partículas de polvo están cubiertas por una fina capa de hielo, de unos 0.01 μm, que contiene H2O y a menudo CO, CO2, CH3OH y NH3. El hielo es presumiblemente irradiado por fotones ultravioleta y rayos cósmicos en las zonas poco profundas de las nubes moleculares y las regiones circunestelares. En un sistema de vacío, P ˜ 10-7 mbar, simulamos la deposición de hielo a partir de 10 K y la irradiación ultravioleta por medio de una lámpara de descarga de hidrógeno activada con microondas. La evolución del hielo se observa por medio de un espectrómetro infrarrojo. De este modo es posible determinar la composición del hielo observado en el medio interestelar y predecir la presencia de moléculas aún no detectadas en el espacio, que han sido producto del procesamiento del hielo en nuestros experimentos. También es posible calentar el sistema hasta temperatura ambiente para sublimar el hielo depositado. Cuando el hielo ha sido previamente irradiado, se observa un residuo compuesto por moléculas orgánicas complejas, algunas prebióticas, como varios ácidos carboxílicos, aminas, amidas, ésteres y en menor proporción moléculas heterocíclicas y aminoácidos. Algunas de estas moléculas podrían detectarse en estado gaseoso por medio de observaciones milimétricas y de radio. También podrían estar presentes en el polvo cometario, cuyo análisis químico está planeado por las misiones Stardust y Rosetta. Mientras tanto, nuestro grupo está llevando a cabo el análisis de partículas de polvo interplanetario (IDPs), algunas de las cuales pueden ser de origen cometario. Al igual que ocurre con los productos obtenidos por irradiación del hielo en nuestros experimentos, algunas IDPs son ricas en material orgánico que contiene oxígeno.

  14. Monitoring and Testing the Parts Cleaning Stations, Abrasive Blasting Cabinets, and Paint Booths

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Jordan, Tracee M.

    2004-01-01

    I have the opportunity to work in the Environmental Management Office (EMO) this summer. One of the EMO's tasks is to make sure the Environmental Management System is implemented to the entire Glenn Research Center (GRC). The Environmental Management System (EMS) is a policy or plan that is oriented toward minimizing an organization's impact to the environment. Our EMS includes the reduction of solid waste regeneration and the reduction of hazardous material use, waste, and pollution. With the Waste Management Team's (WMT) help, the EMS can be implemented throughout the NASA Glenn Research Center. The WMT is responsible for the disposal and managing of waste throughout the GRC. They are also responsible for the management of all chemical waste in the facility. My responsibility is to support the waste management team by performing an inventory on parts cleaning stations, abrasive cabinets, and paint booths through out the entire facility. These booths/stations are used throughout the center and they need to be monitored and tested for hazardous waste and material. My job is to visit each of these booths/stations, take samples of the waste, and analyze the samples.

  15. Generational Influences in Academic Emergency Medicine: Teaching and Learning, Mentoring, and Technology (Part I)

    PubMed Central

    Mohr, Nicholas M.; Moreno-Walton, Lisa; Mills, Angela M.; Brunett, Patrick H.; Promes, Susan B.

    2010-01-01

    For the first time in history, four generations are working together – Traditionalists, Baby Boomers, Generation Xers, and Millennials. Members of each generation carry with them a unique perspective of the world and interact differently with those around them. Through a review of the literature and consensus by modified Delphi methodology of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) Aging and Generational Issues Task Force, the authors have developed this two-part series to address generational issues present in academic emergency medicine (EM). Understanding generational characteristics and mitigating strategies can help address some common issues encountered in academic EM. Through recognition of the unique characteristics of each of the generations with respect to teaching and learning, mentoring, and technology, academicians have the opportunity to strategically optimize interactions with one another. PMID:21314779

  16. Quantitative assessment of the differential impacts of arbuscular and ectomycorrhiza on soil carbon cycling.

    PubMed

    Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A; van der Heijden, Marcel G A; Cornelissen, Johannes H C; Makarov, Mikhail I; Onipchenko, Vladimir G; Maslov, Mikhail N; Akhmetzhanova, Asem A; van Bodegom, Peter M

    2015-10-01

    A significant fraction of carbon stored in the Earth's soil moves through arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and ectomycorrhiza (EM). The impacts of AM and EM on the soil carbon budget are poorly understood. We propose a method to quantify the mycorrhizal contribution to carbon cycling, explicitly accounting for the abundance of plant-associated and extraradical mycorrhizal mycelium. We discuss the need to acquire additional data to use our method, and present our new global database holding information on plant species-by-site intensity of root colonization by mycorrhizas. We demonstrate that the degree of mycorrhizal fungal colonization has globally consistent patterns across plant species. This suggests that the level of plant species-specific root colonization can be used as a plant trait. To exemplify our method, we assessed the differential impacts of AM : EM ratio and EM shrub encroachment on carbon stocks in sub-arctic tundra. AM and EM affect tundra carbon stocks at different magnitudes, and via partly distinct dominant pathways: via extraradical mycelium (both EM and AM) and via mycorrhizal impacts on above- and belowground biomass carbon (mostly AM). Our method provides a powerful tool for the quantitative assessment of mycorrhizal impact on local and global carbon cycling processes, paving the way towards an improved understanding of the role of mycorrhizas in the Earth's carbon cycle. © 2015 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2015 New Phytologist Trust.

  17. [Occupational injury incidence due to biological material in a tertiary referral public hospital in Santa Fe province].

    PubMed

    Huanca, Romina; Perretta, Luis; Lebensohn, Natalia; Di Paolo, Oscar; Pires, Miryam; Quaglia, Nora Beatriz

    2016-01-01

    Occupational accidents due to biological materials cause significant harm to workers and institutions. To estimate the risk of accidents in doctors and nurses at the Hospital Provincial del Centenario (HPC) and particularly in Emergency Medical Service (EMS) between 2009 and 2013. retrospective cohort study from the survey information of injuries by accidents with biohazard in doctors and nurses workers from HPC. medical workers reported 45.7% (95% CI 37.2 to 54.3%) of accidents and nurses 38.4% (from 30.3 to 47.1%). The incidence rate ratio (IRR) (doctors / nurses) (2009-2013) = 0.953 (0.661-1.373). EMS workers ages and seniority were significantly lower than those of other care areas taken together. Reports of accidents from the EMS were 34.1% (95% CI: 26.2 to 42.6%) of the total. EMS workers had age and seniority average significantly less than workers in other services. In EMS, the IRR (doctors / nurses) (2009-2013) = 6.337 (2.264 -17.733). SGM medical workers ages and seniority were significantly lower than those of nurses working in this service. The EMS was particularly vulnerable to occupational injuries, medical workers have a higher risk of accidents compared to nursing workers. The younger age and lower seniority of medical workers could be related at least partly to these findings.

  18. Site maps and facilities listings

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Not Available

    1993-11-01

    In September 1989, a Memorandum of Agreement among DOE offices regarding the environmental management of DOE facilities was signed by appropriate Assistant Secretaries and Directors. This Memorandum of Agreement established the criteria for EM line responsibility. It stated that EM would be responsible for all DOE facilities, operations, or sites (1) that have been assigned to DOE for environmental restoration and serve or will serve no future production need; (2) that are used for the storage, treatment, or disposal of hazardous, radioactive, and mixed hazardous waste materials that have been properly characterized, packaged, and labelled, but are not used formore » production; (3) that have been formally transferred to EM by another DOE office for the purpose of environmental restoration and the eventual return to service as a DOE production facility; or (4) that are used exclusively for long-term storage of DOE waste material and are not actively used for production, with the exception of facilities, operations, or sites under the direction of the DOE Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management. As part of the implementation of the Memorandum of Agreement, Field Offices within DOE submitted their listings of facilities, systems, operation, and sites for which EM would have line responsibility. It is intended that EM facility listings will be revised on a yearly basis so that managers at all levels will have a valid reference for the planning, programming, budgeting and execution of EM activities.« less

  19. Tão perto de casa, tão longe de nós: etnografia das novas margens no centro da urbe

    PubMed Central

    Fernandes, Por Luís

    2011-01-01

    Philippe Bourgois é, desde 2007, “Richard Perry University professor” no Departamento de Antropologia e de Medicina Familiar e de Práticas Comunitárias na Universidade da Pensilvânia. Esteve durante largos anos ligado ao Departamento de Antropologia, História e Medicina Social da Universidade da Califórnia, São Francisco. A publicação, em 1995, de In Search of Respect: Selling Crack in El Barrio1 projectaria o seu nome muito para além dos Estados Unidos: uma etnografia no coração porto-riquenho do Harlem, em torno dos actores e dos ambientes da venda de crack. Seguir-se-ia um longo trabalho de terreno em acampamentos de dependentes de heroína em São Francisco, orientando o seu trabalho para as formas mais radicais da pobreza e da marginalidade nos EUA. É deste trabalho de terreno que sai o seu último livro, Righteous Dopefiend2. Em Junho de 2007 esteve em Lisboa para participar na 3.a edição do “Ethnografeast”. Foi então que aproveitámos a oportunidade para ouvir um percurso invulgar contado pelo próprio: uma longa conversa no Hotel Zurique, cujo nome só vem ao caso por evocar o país onde passou uma parte da infância. PMID:22013286

  20. Comparison of emergency medical services systems in the pan-Asian resuscitation outcomes study countries: Report from a literature review and survey.

    PubMed

    Ong, Marcus E H; Cho, Jungheum; Ma, Matthew Huei-Ming; Tanaka, Hideharu; Nishiuchi, Tatsuya; Al Sakaf, Omer; Abdul Karim, Sarah; Khunkhlai, Nalinas; Atilla, Ridvan; Lin, Chih-Hao; Shahidah, Nur; Lie, Desiree; Shin, Sang Do

    2013-02-01

    Asia-Pacific countries have unique prehospital emergency care or emergency medical services (EMS) systems, which are different from European or Anglo-American models. We aimed to compare the EMS systems of eight Asia-Pacific countries/regions as part of the Pan Asian Resuscitation Outcomes Study (PAROS), to provide a basis for future comparative studies across systems of care. In the first phase, a systematic literature review of EMS system within the eight PAROS countries/regions of interest was conducted. In the second phase, PAROS site directors were surveyed for additional information about the demographics and characteristics of EMS services at their sites. The database and bibliography search identified 25 eligible articles. The survey of EMS systems was completed by seven PAROS directors. By combining information sources from phases 1 and 2, we found that all PAROS EMS systems were single-tiered, and most were public (vs private) and fire-based (Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Japan, Korea). Ambulance personnel were primarily emergency medical technicians and paramedics, except for Thailand and Turkey, whose personnel include nurses and physicians. Personnel were trained to use automated external defibrillators and have basic cardiac life support certification. The service capability of each EMS system in terms of dispatch, airway management and medications, for example, varied greatly. We found variation in the EMS systems across the eight Asia-Pacific countries/regions studied. The findings will inform the construction of a multinational Asia-Pacific research network for future comparative studies and could serve as a model for international research networks. © 2012 The Authors. EMA © 2012 Australasian College for Emergency Medicine and Australasian Society for Emergency Medicine.

  1. Retracing in correlative light electron microscopy: where is my object of interest?

    PubMed

    Hodgson, Lorna; Nam, David; Mantell, Judith; Achim, Alin; Verkade, Paul

    2014-01-01

    Correlative light electron microscopy (CLEM) combines the strengths of light and electron microscopy in a single experiment. There are many ways to perform a CLEM experiment and a variety of microscopy modalities can be combined either on separate instruments or as completely integrated solutions. In general, however, a CLEM experiment can be divided into three parts: probes, processing, and analysis. Most of the existing technologies are focussed around the development and use of probes or describe processing methodologies that explain or circumvent some of the compromises that need to be made when performing both light and electron microscopy on the same sample. So far, relatively little attention has been paid to the analysis part of CLEM experiments. Although it is an essential part of each CLEM experiment, it is usually a cumbersome manual process. Here, we briefly discuss each of the three above-mentioned steps, with a focus on the analysis part. We will also introduce an automated registration algorithm that can be applied to the analysis stage to enable the accurate registration of LM and EM images. This facilitates tracing back the right cell/object seen in the light microscope in the EM. © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  2. Uma análise do fenômeno “alternância de línguas” na fala de bilíngues intermodais (Libras e Português)

    PubMed Central

    de Sousa, Aline Nunes; de Quadros, Ronice Müller

    2013-01-01

    Um interessante fenômeno lingüístico presente nas interações das pessoas bilíngues é a alternância de línguas. Neste trabalho, estamos investigando a alternância entre a língua portuguesa oral e a língua de sinais brasileira – Libras, numa mesma cadeia enunciativa, com o objetivo de identificar e analisar o uso dessa alternância na fala de uma criança e de um adulto (ambos ouvintes, filhos de pais surdos), interagindo em uma situação de bilinguismo intermodal, com interlocutores surdos e ouvintes. A alternância de línguas, nesse caso, ocorre quando se para de falar em português e se alterna para sinalizar. O presente trabalho se caracteriza como um estudo inicial, com análise qualitativa de dados. Fazem parte do nosso corpus nove sessões de interações em Libras e em português oral, gravadas em vídeo, que fazem parte do Projeto Desenvolvimento Bilíngue Bimodal da UFSC. Os dados revelam que as características da alternância de línguas pelo adulto e pela criança parecem ter semelhanças e diferenças. O sujeito adulto parece ter feito um uso da alternância mais preocupado com o curso da interação. A criança, por sua vez, não parece tê-la usado com propósitos pragmáticos específicos. Quanto à extensão das alternâncias, pode-se perceber que tanto a criança quanto o adulto utilizaram enunciados maiores do que uma única palavra isolada. O papel dos interlocutores parece ter sido decisivo nas interações aqui investigadas – especialmente nas do adulto, já que a criança ainda está em processo de tomada de consciência do papel do interlocutor na interação. PMID:24379831

  3. Sr, Nd, Pb and Hf Isotopic Compositions of Late Cenozoic Alkali Basalts in South Korea: Evidence for Mixing Between the Two Dominant Asthenospheric Mantle Domains beneath East Asia

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Choi, S.; Mukasa, S. B.; Kwon, S.; Andronikov, A. V.

    2004-12-01

    We determined the Sr, Nd, Pb and Hf isotopic compositions of late Cenozoic basaltic rocks from six lava-field provinces in South Korea, including Baengnyeong Island, Jogokni, Ganseong area, Jeju Island, Ulleung Island and Dog Island, in order to understand the nature of the mantle source. The basalts have OIB-like trace element abundance patterns, and also contain mantle-derived xenoliths. Available isotope data of late Cenozoic basalts from East Asia, along with ours, show that the mantle source has a DMM-EM1 array for northeast China and a DMM-EM2 array for Southeast Asia. We note that the basalts falling on an array between DMM and an intermediate end member between EM1 and EM2, are located between the two large-scale isotopic provinces, i.e., around the eastern part of South Korea. The most intriguing observation on the isotopic correlation diagrams is spatial variation from predominantly EM2 signatures in the basaltic lavas toward increasingly important addition of EM1, starting from Jeju Island to Ulleung and Dog Islands to Ganseong area, and to Baengnyeong Island. This is without any corresponding changes in the basement and the lithospheric mantle beneath the region. These observations suggest that the asthenospheric mantle source is dominant for the Cenozoic intraplate volcanism in East Asia, which is characterized by two distinct, large-scale domains. Previous studies on East Asian Cenozoic volcanic rocks have invoked origins by either plume activity or decompressional melting in a rift environment. On the basis of our new trace element and isotopic compositions which have OIB-like characteristics, we prefer a plume origin for these lavas. However, because tomographic images do not show distinct thermal anomaly that would be interpreted as a plume, we suggest that the magmatism might be the product of small, difficult to image multiple plumes that tapped the shallow part of the asthenosphere (probably the transition zone in the upper mantle).

  4. Care processes associated with quicker door-in-door-out times for patients with ST-elevation-myocardial infarction requiring transfer: results from a statewide regionalization program.

    PubMed

    Glickman, Seth W; Lytle, Barbara L; Ou, Fang-Shu; Mears, Greg; O'Brien, Sean; Cairns, Charles B; Garvey, J Lee; Bohle, David J; Peterson, Eric D; Jollis, James G; Granger, Christopher B

    2011-07-01

    The ability to rapidly identify patients with ST-segment elevation-myocardial infarction (STEMI) at hospitals without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and transfer them to hospitals with PCI capability is critical to STEMI regionalization efforts. Our objective was to assess the association of prehospital, emergency department (ED), and hospital processes of care implemented as part of a statewide STEMI regionalization program with door-in-door-out times at non-PCI hospitals. Door-in-door-out times for 436 STEMI patients at 55 non-PCI hospitals were determined before (July 2005 to September 2005) and after (January 2007 to March 2007) a year-long implementation of standardized protocols as part of a statewide regionalization program (Reperfusion of Acute Myocardial Infarction in North Carolina Emergency Departments, RACE). The association of 8 system care processes (encompassing emergency medical services [EMS], ED, and hospital settings) with door-in-door-out times was determined using multivariable linear regression. Median door-in-door-out times improved significantly with the intervention (before: 97.0 minutes, interquartile range, 56.0 to 160.0 minutes; after: 58.0 minutes, interquartile range, 35.0 to 90.0 minutes; P<0.0001). Hospital, ED, and EMS care processes were each independently associated with shorter door-in-door-out times (-17.7 [95% confidence interval, -27.5 to -7.9]; -10.1 [95% confidence interval, -19.0 to -1.1], and -7.3 [95% confidence interval, -13.0 to -1.5] minutes for each additional hospital, ED, and EMS process, respectively). Combined, adoption of EMS processes was associated with the shortest median treatment times (44 versus 138 minutes for hospitals that adopted all EMS processes versus none). Prehospital, ED, and hospital processes of care were independently associated with shorter door-in-door-out times for STEMI patients requiring transfer. Adoption of several EMS processes was associated with the largest reduction in treatment times. These findings highlight the need for an integrated, system-based approach to improving STEMI care.

  5. The Canadian National EMS Research Agenda: Impact and Feasibility of Implementation of Previously Generated Recommendations.

    PubMed

    Jensen, J L; Blanchard, I E; Bigham, B L; Carter, Aje; Brown, R; Socha, D; Brown, L H; Travers, A H; Craig, A M; Morrison, L J

    2015-09-01

    A recent mixed-methods study on the state of emergency medical services (EMS) research in Canada led to the generation of nineteen actionable recommendations. As part of the dissemination plan, a survey was distributed to EMS stakeholders to determine the anticipated impact and feasibility of implementing these recommendations in Canadian systems. An online survey explored both the implementation impact and feasibility for each recommendation using a five-point scale. The sample consisted of participants from the Canadian National EMS Research Agenda study (published in 2013) and additional EMS research stakeholders identified through snowball sampling. Responses were analysed descriptively using median and plotted on a matrix. Participants reported any planned or ongoing initiatives related to the recommendations, and required or anticipated resources. Free text responses were analysed with simple content analysis, collated by recommendation. The survey was sent to 131 people, 94 (71.8%) of whom responded: 30 EMS managers/regulators (31.9%), 22 researchers (23.4%), 15 physicians (16.0%), 13 educators (13.8%), and 5 EMS providers (5.3%). Two recommendations (11%) had a median impact score of 4 (of 5) and feasibility score of 4 (of 5). Eight recommendations (42%) had an impact score of 5, with a feasibility score of 3. Nine recommendations (47%) had an impact score of 4 and a feasibility score of 3. For most recommendations, participants scored the anticipated impact higher than the feasibility to implement. Ongoing or planned initiatives exist pertaining to all recommendations except one. All of the recommendations will require additional resources to implement.

  6. The Development of Quality Measures for the Performance and Interpretation of Esophageal Manometry

    PubMed Central

    Yadlapati, Rena; Gawron, Andrew J.; Keswani, Rajesh N.; Bilimoria, Karl; Castell, Donald O.; Dunbar, Kerry B.; Gyawali, Chandra P.; Jobe, Blair A.; Katz, Philip O.; Katzka, David A.; Lacy, Brian E.; Massey, Benson T.; Richter, Joel E.; Schnoll-Sussman, Felice; Spechler, Stuart J.; Tatum, Roger; Vela, Marcelo F.; Pandolfino, John E.

    2016-01-01

    Background and Aims Esophageal manometry (EM) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of esophageal motility disorders. Variations in the performance and interpretation of EM result in discrepant diagnoses and unnecessary repeated procedures, and may negatively impact patient outcomes. A method to benchmark the procedural quality of EM is needed. The primary aim of this study was to develop quality measures for performing and interpreting EM. Methods The RAND/University of California, Los Angeles Appropriateness Methodology (RAM) was utilized. Fifteen experts in esophageal manometry were invited to be a part of the panel. Potential quality measures were identified through a literature search and interviews with experts. The expert panel ranked the proposed quality measures for appropriateness via a two-round process on the basis of RAM. Results Fourteen experts participated in all processes. A total of 29 measures were considered; 17 of these measures were ranked as appropriate and related to competency (2), pre-procedure (2), procedure (3) and interpretation (10). The latter 10 were integrated into a single composite measure. Thus, 8 final measures were determined to be appropriate quality measures for EM. Five strong recommendations were also endorsed by the experts, however they were not ranked as appropriate quality measures. Conclusions Eight formally validated quality measures for the performance and interpretation of EM were developed on the basis of RAM. These measures represent key aspects of a high-quality EM study and should be uniformly adopted. Evaluation of these measures in clinical practice is needed to assess their impact on outcomes. PMID:26499925

  7. How eye movements in EMDR work: changes in memory vividness and emotionality.

    PubMed

    Leer, Arne; Engelhard, Iris M; van den Hout, Marcel A

    2014-09-01

    Eye movements (EM) during recall of an aversive memory is a treatment element unique to Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). Experimental studies have shown that EM reduce memory vividness and/or emotionality shortly after the intervention. However, it is unclear whether the immediate effects of the intervention reflect actual changes in memory. The aim of this study was to test whether immediate reductions in memory vividness and emotionality persist at a 24 h follow up and whether the magnitude of these effects is related to the duration of the intervention. Seventy-three undergraduates recalled two negative autobiographical memories, one with EM ("recall with EM") and one without ("recall only"). Half of participants recalled each memory for four periods of 24 s, the other half for eight periods of 24 s. Memory vividness/emotionality were self-rated at a pre-test, an immediate post-test, and a 24 h follow-up test. In both duration groups, recall with EM, but not recall only, caused an immediate decrease in memory vividness. There were no immediate reductions in memory emotionality. Furthermore, only the 'eight periods' group showed that recall with EM, but not recall only, caused a decrease in both memory emotionality and memory vividness from the pre-test to the follow-up. Only self-report measures were used. The findings suggest that recall with EM causes 24-h changes in memory vividness/emotionality, which may explain part of the EMDR treatment effect, and these effects are related to intervention duration. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  8. Using Puppets to Teach Schoolchildren to Detect Stroke and Call 911.

    PubMed

    Sharkey, Sonya; Denke, Linda; Herbert, Morley A

    2016-08-01

    To overcome barriers to improved outcomes, we undertook an intervention to teach schoolchildren how to detect a stroke and call emergency medical services (EMS). We obtained permission from parents and guardians to use an 8-min puppet show to instruct the fourth, fifth, and sixth graders about stroke detection, symptomatology, and calling EMS. A pretest and three posttests-one immediately following the presentation, one at 3 months, and a third at 6 months-were administered. Responses from 282 students were evaluable. Significant improvements (p < .001) in knowledge were found through all posttests in identifying what parts of the body stroke affected and through the first two posttests in recognizing symptoms stroke victims experienced. Students demonstrated at pretest a high awareness of EMS and 911 (97.5%) and showed slight, but not significant, improvement over time. © The Author(s) 2016.

  9. Orion Entry Display Feeder and Interactions with the Entry Monitor System

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Baird, Darren; Bernatovich, Mike; Gillespie, Ellen; Kadwa, Binaifer; Matthews, Dave; Penny, Wes; Zak, Tim; Grant, Mike; Bihari, Brian

    2010-01-01

    The Orion spacecraft is designed to return astronauts to a landing within 10 km of the intended landing target from low Earth orbit, lunar direct-entry, and lunar skip-entry trajectories. Al pile the landing is nominally controlled autonomously, the crew can fly precision entries manually in the event of an anomaly. The onboard entry displays will be used by the crew to monitor and manually fly the entry, descent, and landing, while the Entry Monitor System (EMS) will be used to monitor the health and status of the onboard guidance and the trajectory. The entry displays are driven by the entry display feeder, part of the Entry Monitor System (EMS). The entry re-targeting module, also part of the EMS, provides all the data required to generate the capability footprint of the vehicle at any point in the trajectory, which is shown on the Primary Flight Display (PFD). It also provides caution and warning data and recommends the safest possible re-designated landing site when the nominal landing site is no longer within the capability of the vehicle. The PFD and the EMS allow the crew to manually fly an entry trajectory profile from entry interface until parachute deploy having the flexibility to manually steer the vehicle to a selected landing site that best satisfies the priorities of the crew. The entry display feeder provides data from the ENIS and other components of the GNC flight software to the displays at the proper rate and in the proper units. It also performs calculations that are specific to the entry displays and which are not made in any other component of the flight software. In some instances, it performs calculations identical to those performed by the onboard primary guidance algorithm to protect against a guidance system failure. These functions and the interactions between the entry display feeder and the other components of the EMS are described.

  10. Functional histology of the macula flava in the human vocal fold--Part 1: its role in the adult vocal fold.

    PubMed

    Sato, Kiminori; Umeno, Hirohito; Nakashima, Tadashi

    2010-01-01

    This study aims to clarify the role of the maculae flavae (MFe) in the human adult vocal fold mucosa (VFM). Our current results concerning MFe in the human adult VFM are summarized. MFe were found to be composed of dense masses of vocal fold stellate cells (VFSCs) and extracellular matrices (EM), such as fibrous proteins and glycosaminoglycans, which are essential for the EM in the human VFM. VFSCs in the MFe demonstrated marked morphologic differences from conventional fibroblasts. They were irregular and stellate in shape and possessed slender cytoplasmic processes. They had well-developed intracellular organelles. A number of vesicles were present at the periphery of the cytoplasm. They constantly synthesized EM. The VFSCs possessed lipid droplets and stored vitamin A. VFSCs formed an independent cell category of cells in the human VFM. The VFSCs in aged adult MFe decreased their activity, and had abnormal metabolism. Human MFe including VFSCs seem to be involved in the metabolism of EM which are essential for the viscoelasticity of the lamina propria of the VFM, and to be responsible for maintaining the characteristic layered structure of the human VFM. Age-related changes in VFSCs were found to influence the metabolism of EM in the VFM. (c) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel.

  11. Electromigration and morphological changes in Ag nanostructures

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chatterjee, A.; Bai, T.; Edler, F.; Tegenkamp, C.; Weide-Zaage, K.; Pfnür, H.

    2018-02-01

    Electromigration (EM) as a structuring tool was investigated in Ag nanowires (width 300 nm, thickness 25 nm) and partly in notched and bow-tie Ag structures on a Si(1 0 0) substrate in ultra-high vacuum using a four-tip scanning tunneling microscope in combination with a scanning electron microscope. From simulations of Ag nanowires we got estimates of temperature profiles, current density profiles, EM and thermal migration (TM) mass flux distributions within the nanowire induced by critical current densities of 108 A cm-2. At room temperature, the electron wind force at these current densities by far dominates over thermal diffusion, and is responsible for formation of voids at the cathode and hillocks at the anode side. For current densities that exceed the critical current densities necessary for EM, a new type of wire-like structure formation was found both at room temperature and at 100 K for notched and bow-tie structures. This suggests that the simultaneous action of EM and TM is structure forming, but with a very small influence of TM at low temperature.

  12. Scanpath memory binding: multiple read-out experiments

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Stark, Lawrence W.; Privitera, Claudio M.; Yang, Huiyang; Azzariti, Michela; Ho, Yeuk F.; Chan, Angie; Krischer, Christof; Weinberger, Adam

    1999-05-01

    The scanpath theory proposed that an internal spatial- cognitive model controls perception and the active looking eye movements, EMs, of the scanpath sequence. Evidence for this came from new quantitative methods, experiments with ambiguous figures and visual imagery and from MRI studies, all on cooperating human subjects. Besides recording EMs, we introduce other experimental techniques wherein the subject must depend upon memory bindings as in visual imagery, but may call upon other motor behaviors than EMs to read-out the remembered patterns. How is the internal model distributed and operationally assembled. The concept of binding speaks to the assigning of values for the model and its execution in various parts of the brain. Current neurological information helps to localize different aspects of the spatial-cognitive model in the brain. We suppose that there are several levels of 'binding' -- semantic or symbolic binding, structural binding for the spatial locations of the regions-of-interest and sequential binding for the dynamic execution program that yields the sequence of EMs. Our aim is to dissect out respective contributions of these different forms of binding.

  13. Does Implementation of Biomathematical Models Mitigate Fatigue and Fatigue-related Risks in Emergency Medical Services Operations? A Systematic Review.

    PubMed

    James, Francine O; Waggoner, Lauren B; Weiss, Patricia M; Patterson, P Daniel; Higgins, J Stephen; Lang, Eddy S; Van Dongen, Hans P A

    2018-02-15

    Work schedules like those of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel have been associated with increased risk of fatigue-related impairment. Biomathematical modeling is a means of objectively estimating the potential impacts of fatigue on performance, which may be used in the mitigation of fatigue-related safety risks. In the context of EMS operations, our objective was to assess the evidence in the literature regarding the effectiveness of using biomathematical models to help mitigate fatigue and fatigue-related risks. A systematic review of the evidence evaluating the use of biomathematical models to manage fatigue in EMS personnel or similar shift workers was performed. Procedures proposed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology were used to summarize and rate the certainty in the evidence. Potential bias attached to retained studies was documented using the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool for experimental studies. The literature search strategy, which focused on both EMS personnel and non-EMS shift workers, yielded n = 2,777 unique records. One paper, which investigated non-EMS shift workers, met inclusion criteria. As part of a larger effort, managers and dispatchers of a trucking operation were provided with monthly biomathematical model analyses of predicted fatigue in the driver workforce, and educated on how they could reduce predicted fatigue by means of schedule adjustments. The intervention showed a significant reduction in the number and cost of vehicular accidents during the period in which biomathematical modeling was used. The overall GRADE assessment of evidence quality was very low due to risk of bias, indirectness, imprecision, and publication bias. This systematic review identified no studies that investigated the impact of biomathematical models in EMS operations. Findings from one study of non-EMS shift workers were favorable toward use of biomathematical models as a fatigue mitigation scheduling aid, albeit with very low quality of evidence pertaining to EMS operations. We propose three focus areas of research priorities that, if addressed, could help better elucidate the utility and impact of biomathematical models as a fatigue-mitigation tool in the EMS environment.

  14. The writer's guide to education scholarship in emergency medicine: Education innovations (part 3).

    PubMed

    Hall, Andrew K; Hagel, Carly; Chan, Teresa M; Thoma, Brent; Murnaghan, Aleisha; Bhanji, Farhan

    2018-05-01

    The scholarly dissemination of innovative medical education practices helps broaden the reach of this type of work, allowing scholarship to have an impact beyond a single institution. There is little guidance in the literature for those seeking to publish program evaluation studies and innovation papers. This study aims to derive a set of evidence-based features of high-quality reports on innovations in emergency medicine (EM) education. We conducted a scoping review and thematic analysis to determine quality markers for medical education innovation reports, with a focus on EM. A search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, ERIC, and Google Scholar was augmented by a hand search of relevant publication guidelines, guidelines for authors, and website submission portals from medical education and EM journals. Study investigators reviewed the selected articles, and a thematic analysis was conducted. Our search strategy identified 14 relevant articles from which 34 quality markers were extracted. These markers were grouped into seven important themes: goals and need for innovation, preparation, innovation development, innovation implementation, evaluation of innovation, evidence of reflective practice, and reporting and dissemination. In addition, multiple outlets for the publication of EM education innovations were identified and compiled. The publication and dissemination of innovations are critical for the EM education community and the training of health professionals. We anticipate that our list of innovation report quality markers will be used by EM education innovators to support the dissemination of novel educational practices.

  15. Induced polarization and its interaction with electromagnetic coupling in low-frequency geophysical exploration

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Gruszka, T.P.

    1987-01-01

    Starting from the dynamic equations of electromagnetics we derive mutual impedance formulas that include the effects of induced polarization (IP) and electromagnetic (EM) coupling. The mutual impedance formulas are given for four geometries: a fullspace, a cylinder in a fullspace, a halfspace, and a layer over a halfspace. IP effects are characterized by a Cole-Cole model, the properties of which are fully investigated. From the general mutual impedance formulas specific limiting forms are defined to characterize the IP and EM effects. Using these limiting forms a framework is developed to justify the addition or multiplication of the two effects. Themore » additive and multiplicative models are compared in the cylinder and layer geometries with the conclusion that the additive model proves to be more accurate over a wider range of frequencies than the multiplicative model. The nature of the IP and EM effects is illustrated in all four geometries showing the effects of relevant parameters. In all cases it is shown that the real part of the mutual impedance contains important IP information that is less influenced by EM effects. Finally the effects of boundaries are illustrated by the cylinder and layer geometries and a theory is developed to incorporate EM effects and IP effects from multiple regions which utilizes frequency dependent real dilution factors. The author also included a brief review of some EM removal schemes and dilution theory approximations.« less

  16. Earthquakes in Tuhinj Valley (Slovenia) In 1840

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cecić, Ina

    2015-04-01

    A less known damaging earthquake in southern part of Kamnik-Savinja Alps, Slovenia, in 1840 is described. The main shock was on 27 August 1840 with the epicentre in Tuhinj Valley. The maximum intensity was VII EMS-98 in Ljubljana, Slovenia, and in Eisenkappel, Austria. It was felt as far as Venice, Italy, 200 km away. The macroseismic magnitude of the main shock, estimated from the area of intensity VI EMS-98, was 5.0. The effects of the main shock and its aftershocks are described, and an earthquake catalogue for Slovenia in 1840 is provided. Available primary sources (newspaper articles) are presented.

  17. Homemade Equipment for the Teaching of Electrochemistry at Advanced Level: Part III.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Chan, K. M.

    1985-01-01

    Describes: (1) thermometric titrations; (2) EM-5 equipment (consisting of a thermal sensor, calorimeter, and input-buffered amplifier); (3) acid-base titrations; (4) precipitation titrations; and (5) redox titrations. Detailed procedures are included. (JN)

  18. Use of Free, Open Access Medical Education and Perceived Emergency Medicine Educational Needs Among Rural Physicians in Southwestern Ontario

    PubMed Central

    Chan, Teresa; Blau, Elaine

    2016-01-01

    Free, open access medical education (FOAM) has the potential to revolutionize continuing medical education, particularly for rural physicians who practice emergency medicine (EM) as part of a generalist practice. However, there has been little study of rural physicians’ educational needs since the advent of FOAM. We asked how rural physicians in Southwestern Ontario obtained their continuing EM education. We asked them to assess their perceived level of comfort in different areas of EM. To understand how FOAM resources might serve the rural EM community, we compared their responses with urban emergency physicians. Responses were collected via survey and interview. There was no significant difference between groups in reported use of FOAM resources. However, there was a significant difference between rural and urban physicians’ perceived level of EM knowledge, with urban physicians reporting a higher degree of confidence for most knowledge categories, particularly those related to critical care and rare procedures. This study provides the first description of EM knowledge and FOAM resource utilization among rural physicians in Southwestern Ontario. It also highlights an area of educational need -- that is, critical care and rare procedures. Future work should address whether rural physicians are using FOAM specifically to improve their critical care and procedural knowledge. As well, because of the generalist nature of rural practice, future work should clarify whether there is an opportunity cost to rural physicians’ knowledge of other clinical domains if they chose to focus more time on continuing education in critical care EM. PMID:27790389

  19. EMS-physicians' self reported airway management training and expertise; a descriptive study from the Central Region of Denmark

    PubMed Central

    2011-01-01

    Background Prehospital advanced airway management, including prehospital endotracheal intubation is challenging and recent papers have addressed the need for proper training, skill maintenance and quality control for emergency medical service personnel. The aim of this study was to provide data regarding airway management-training and expertise from the regional physician-staffed emergency medical service (EMS). Methods The EMS in this part of The Central Region of Denmark is a two tiered system. The second tier comprises physician staffed Mobile Emergency Care Units. The medical directors of the programs supplied system data. A questionnaire addressing airway management experience, training and knowledge was sent to the EMS-physicians. Results There are no specific guidelines, standard operating procedures or standardised program for obtaining and maintaining skills regarding prehospital advanced airway management in the schemes covered by this study. 53/67 physicians responded; 98,1% were specialists in anesthesiology, with an average of 17,6 years of experience in anesthesiology, and 7,2 years experience as EMS-physicians. 84,9% reported having attended life support course(s), 64,2% an advanced airway management course. 24,5% fulfilled the curriculum suggested for Danish EMS physicians. 47,2% had encountered a difficult or impossible PHETI, most commonly in a patient in cardiac arrest or a trauma patient. Only 20,8% of the physicians were completely familiar with what back-up devices were available for airway management. Conclusions In this, the first Danish study of prehospital advanced airway management, we found a high degree of experience, education and training among the EMS-physicians, but their equipment awareness was limited. Check-outs, guidelines, standard operating procedures and other quality control measures may be needed. PMID:21303510

  20. Comparison of the effects of the antiestrogens EM-800 and tamoxifen on the growth of human breast ZR-75-1 cancer xenografts in nude mice.

    PubMed

    Couillard, S; Gutman, M; Labrie, C; Bélanger, A; Candas, B; Labrie, F

    1998-01-01

    Although estrone supplementation in ovariectomized (OVX) nude mice bearing ZR-75-1 xenografts caused a 365% increase in average tumor size during the 4-month treatment period, administration of the antiestrogen EM-800 at the daily oral doses of 50, 150, or 400 microg completely prevented estrogen-stimulated tumor growth. At the same doses of tamoxifen, tumor size was inhibited to 189, 117, and 120% above pretreatment values. However, when EM-800 (150 microg/day) was added to the daily 150- and 400-microg doses of tamoxifen, final tumor size was decreased further to 12 and 38% above pretreatment values, respectively. EM-800 (400 microg daily) administered to estrone-supplemented OVX mice caused complete, partial, and stable responses in 11, 22, and 49% of estrone-stimulated tumors, respectively, whereas 19% (7 of 37) progressed. At the same dose of tamoxifen, the corresponding responses were 3% (complete response), 3% (partial response), and 25% (no change), whereas 69% (22 of 32) of tumors progressed. In the absence of estrone supplementation, tamoxifen (400 microg) alone administered to OVX mice stimulated tumor growth to 161% compared with initial size whereas the same dose of EM-800 reduced tumor size by 55%, a value superimposable to that observed in OVX control animals. The agonistic effect of tamoxifen is thus illustrated by the observation that 73% of tumors progressed when tamoxifen was administered alone to OVX animals whereas no tumor progressed with EM-800. The present data strongly suggest that at least part of the initial lack of response and resistance to tamoxifen during tamoxifen treatment in women is due to the estrogenic activity of this compound, whereas the new antiestrogen EM-800 exerts pure antagonistic action.

  1. Use of emergency medical service transport among patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction: findings from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Acute Coronary Treatment Intervention Outcomes Network Registry-Get With The Guidelines.

    PubMed

    Mathews, Robin; Peterson, Eric D; Li, Shuang; Roe, Matthew T; Glickman, Seth W; Wiviott, Stephen D; Saucedo, Jorge F; Antman, Elliott M; Jacobs, Alice K; Wang, Tracy Y

    2011-07-12

    Activation of emergency medical services (EMS) is critical for the early triage and treatment of patients experiencing ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, yet data regarding EMS use and its association with subsequent clinical care are limited. We performed an observational analysis of 37 634 ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction patients treated at 372 US hospitals participating in the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Acute Coronary Treatment and Intervention Outcomes Network Registry-Get With the Guidelines between January 2007 and September 2009, and examined independent patient factors associated with EMS transportation versus patient self-transportation. We found that EMS transport was used in only 60% of ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction patients. Older patients, those living farther from the hospital, and those with hemodynamic compromise were more likely to use EMS transport. In contrast, race, income, and education level did not appear to be associated with the mode of transport. Compared with self-transported patients, EMS-transported patients had significantly shorter delays in both symptom-onset-to-arrival time (median, 89 versus 120 minutes; P<0.0001) and door-to-reperfusion time (median door-to-balloon time, 63 versus 76 minutes; P<0.0001; median door-to-needle time, 23 versus 29 minutes; P<0.0001). Emergency medical services transportation to the hospital is underused among contemporary ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction patients. Nevertheless, use of EMS transportation is associated with substantial reductions in ischemic time and treatment delays. Community education efforts are needed to improve the use of emergency transport as part of system-wide strategies to improve ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction reperfusion care.

  2. Exotic mammals disperse exotic fungi that promote invasion by exotic trees.

    PubMed

    Nuñez, Martin A; Hayward, Jeremy; Horton, Thomas R; Amico, Guillermo C; Dimarco, Romina D; Barrios-Garcia, M Noelia; Simberloff, Daniel

    2013-01-01

    Biological invasions are often complex phenomena because many factors influence their outcome. One key aspect is how non-natives interact with the local biota. Interaction with local species may be especially important for exotic species that require an obligatory mutualist, such as Pinaceae species that need ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi. EM fungi and seeds of Pinaceae disperse independently, so they may use different vectors. We studied the role of exotic mammals as dispersal agents of EM fungi on Isla Victoria, Argentina, where many Pinaceae species have been introduced. Only a few of these tree species have become invasive, and they are found in high densities only near plantations, partly because these Pinaceae trees lack proper EM fungi when their seeds land far from plantations. Native mammals (a dwarf deer and rodents) are rare around plantations and do not appear to play a role in these invasions. With greenhouse experiments using animal feces as inoculum, plus observational and molecular studies, we found that wild boar and deer, both non-native, are dispersing EM fungi. Approximately 30% of the Pinaceae seedlings growing with feces of wild boar and 15% of the seedlings growing with deer feces were colonized by non-native EM fungi. Seedlings growing in control pots were not colonized by EM fungi. We found a low diversity of fungi colonizing the seedlings, with the hypogeous Rhizopogon as the most abundant genus. Wild boar, a recent introduction to the island, appear to be the main animal dispersing the fungi and may be playing a key role in facilitating the invasion of pine trees and even triggering their spread. These results show that interactions among non-natives help explain pine invasions in our study area.

  3. [Morphological substrate and pathogenetic mechanisms of pelvic pain syndrome in endometriosis. Part II. Peripheral nerve tissue remodeling in the foci of endometriosis].

    PubMed

    Kogan, E A; Ovakimyan, A S; Paramonova, N B; Faizullina, N M; Kazachenko, I F; Adamyan, L V

    2016-01-01

    Endometriosis (EM) is morphologically characterized by the development of extrauterine endometrioid heterotopies, the major clinical symptoms of which is chronic pelvic pain, which is a serious problem not only in modern gynecology, but also in public health as a whole. to investigate neurogenic markers in the foci of EM of various sites and histological structure in women with and without pain syndrome. The investigation was performed using the operative material (resected segments of the intestine, bladder, rectovaginal septum, and small pelvic peritoneum) obtained from 52 women with an intraoperative and morphologically verified diagnosis of EM and (Group 1) and without (Group 2) pain syndrome. Immunohistochemical examination was made on paraffin-embedded tissue sections in accordance with the standard protocols, by using the antibodies: 1) anti-PGP 9.5 polyclonal rabbit antibodies; 2) mouse anti-human neurofilament (NF) protein monoclonal antibodies (Clone 2F1); 3) mouse anti-nerve growth factor (NGF) monoclonal antibodies; 4) monoclonal mouse anti-human NGF receptor p75 (NGFRp75) antibodies (Dako, Denmark). Our findings demonstrate differences in the expression of PGP 9.5, NFs, NGF, and NGFRp75 in the foci and adjacent tissue in painful and painless EM irrespective of the locations of heterotopies. The found molecular features are a manifestation of the remodeling of nerve fibers and nerve endings in the foci of EM and PGP9.5, NGF, and NGFRp75 give rise to nerve fiber neoformation and pain syndrome in EM. At the same time, the immunohistochemical phenotype of EM foci does not depend on their site and reflects the presence or absence of pain syndrome.

  4. Use of Free, Open Access Medical Education and Perceived Emergency Medicine Educational Needs Among Rural Physicians in Southwestern Ontario.

    PubMed

    Folkl, Alex; Chan, Teresa; Blau, Elaine

    2016-09-21

    Free, open access medical education (FOAM) has the potential to revolutionize continuing medical education, particularly for rural physicians who practice emergency medicine (EM) as part of a generalist practice. However, there has been little study of rural physicians' educational needs since the advent of FOAM. We asked how rural physicians in Southwestern Ontario obtained their continuing EM education. We asked them to assess their perceived level of comfort in different areas of EM. To understand how FOAM resources might serve the rural EM community, we compared their responses with urban emergency physicians. Responses were collected via survey and interview. There was no significant difference between groups in reported use of FOAM resources. However, there was a significant difference between rural and urban physicians' perceived level of EM knowledge, with urban physicians reporting a higher degree of confidence for most knowledge categories, particularly those related to critical care and rare procedures. This study provides the first description of EM knowledge and FOAM resource utilization among rural physicians in Southwestern Ontario. It also highlights an area of educational need -- that is, critical care and rare procedures. Future work should address whether rural physicians are using FOAM specifically to improve their critical care and procedural knowledge. As well, because of the generalist nature of rural practice, future work should clarify whether there is an opportunity cost to rural physicians' knowledge of other clinical domains if they chose to focus more time on continuing education in critical care EM.

  5. Experimental and Theoretical Progress on the GEM Theory

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Brandenburg, J. E.

    This paper reports experimental and theoretical progress on the GEM unification theory. In theoretical progress, the derivation of the GEM theory using it in a fully covariant form is achieved based on the principle of self-cancellation of the ZPF EM stress-momentum tensor. This derivation reveals that the final Gravity-EM system obeys a Helmholtz-like equation resembling that governing sound propagation. Finally an improved derivation of the formula for the Newton Gravitation constant is shown, qresulting in the formula G = e2/(4πɛ0 me mp) α exp (-2 (α-.86/σ2…) = 6.673443 x10-11 N-m2 kg-2 that agrees with experimental values to 3 parts per 100,000. Experiments have found parity violating weight reductions in gyroscopes driven by rotating EM fields. These experiments appear to confirm gravity modification using electromagnetism predicted by the GEM theory through the Vacuum Bernoulli Equation.

  6. Comparison of DOE and Army Advisory Boards: Application of a Conceptual Framework for Evaluating Public Participation in Environmental Risk Decision Making

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Branch, Kristi M.; Bradbury, Judith A.

    This article is part of a growing body of literature evaluating public participation approaches and implementation efforts. It compares the characteristics and performance of citizen advisory boards established by the U.S. Department of Energy's Environmental Restoration and Waste Management Program (DOE/EM) and by the U.S. Department of Defense's Army (DoD/Army) as a major part of the public participation programs that were undertaken to help the agencies plan and implement the cleanup of their contaminated installations. We first present the elements of the Acceptability Diamond, an evaluative framework developed by the authors through extensive fieldwork on public-federal agency interactions that identifymore » five objectives of agency/public interactions and public participation programs, and link them to existing literature. We then use the Acceptability Diamond as a basis for comparing the performance of the DOE/EM and DoD/Army advisory boards. In the early 1990s, both DOE and DoD participated in the Federal Facilities Environmental Restoration Dialogue Committee (known as the FFER Dialogue Committee) and were influenced by the Committee's recommendations on public participation. However, the Site Specific Advisory Boards (SSABs) subsequently established by DOE/EM and the Restoration Advisory Boards (RABs) subsequently established by DoD and the Army were governed by significantly different policies and management. We describe some of these key differences and compare the performance of the SSABs and RABs. The article draws on a series of research studies conducted by the authors on the DOE/EM public participation program from its inception in the early 1990s through its transition to accelerated cleanup in 2002 and also on a recently completed study of seven Army RABs.« less

  7. Electromagnetic studies in the Fennoscandian Shield—electrical conductivity of Precambrian crust

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Korja, T.; Hjelt, S.-E.

    1993-12-01

    Electromagnetic (EM) investigations of the 1980s in the Fennoscandian (Baltic) Shield produced an unique and unified EM data set. Studies include regional investigations by the magnetovariational (MV) method with large lateral sampling distance, investigations of anomalous conductivity structures by magnetotelluric (MT) soundings and other (EM) and electrical methods (audio MT soundings, d.c. dipole-dipole and VLF resistivity profilings) with shorter sampling distance, and studies of the near-surface conductivity by airborne EM surveys. The variety of methods provide an ability to map efficiently crustal conductivity structures from a regional scale of hundreds of kilometres down to local details of some metres in the anomalous structures. The Precambrian of the Fennoscandian Shield is characterized by roughly NW-SE-directed elongated belts of conductors which separate more resistive crustal blocks. The latter serve as transparent windows through which to probe deep electrical structure and belts of conductors as tectonic markers of ancient orogenic zones including (1) the Kittilä-Vetrenny Poyas conductor, (2) the Lapland Granulite Belt and Inari-Pechenga-Imandra-Varzuga conductors, (3) the Archaean-Proterozoic boundary conductor and (4) the Southern Finland Conductor. The conductive belts—orogenic conductors—indicate places where crustal masses collided and were finally sealed together. Enhanced conductivity in the orogenic conductors is caused primarily by an electronic conducting mechanism in graphite- and sulphide-bearing metasedimentary rocks. Estimations of the lower-crustal conductivity indicate a laterally heterogeneous lower crust in the Fennoscandian Shield. Archaean lower crust seems to be in general more resistive than the Early Proterozoic lower crust of the Karelian and Svecofennian Domains. The lower crust in the southwestern part of the Svecofennian Domain and in the Sveconorwegian Domain seems to be more resistive than in the central part of the Svecofennian Domain.

  8. On Ensino de Astronomia: Desafios para Implantação

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Faria, R. Z.; Voelzke, M. R.

    2008-09-01

    Em 2002 o ensino de Astronomia foi proposto como um dos temas estruturadores pelos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais e sugerido como facilitador para que o aluno compreendesse a Física como construção humana e parte do seu mundo vivencial, mas raramente seus conceitos foram ensinados. A presente pesquisa discute dois aspectos relacionados à abordagem de Astronomia. O primeiro aspecto é se ela está sendo abordada pelos professores do Ensino Médio e o segundo, aborda a maneira como ela está sendo ensinada. Optou-se pela aplicação de um questionário a partir do 2° semestre de 2006 e durante o ano de 2007 com professores que ministram a disciplina de Física, os quais trabalham em escolas estaduais em Rio Grande da Serra, Ribeirão Pires e Mauá no estado São Paulo. Dos 66,2% dos professores que responderam ao questionário nos municípios de Rio Grande da Serra, Ribeirão Pires e Mauá, 57,4% não aplicaram nenhum tópico de astronomia, 70,2% não utilizaram laboratório, 89,4% não utilizaram qualquer tipo de programa computacional, 83,0% nunca fizeram visitas com alunos a museus e planetários e 38,3% não indicaram qualquer tipo de livro ou revista referente à astronomia aos seus alunos. Mesmo considerando a Astronomia um conteúdo potencialmente significativo, esta não fez parte dos planejamentos escolares. Portanto são necessárias propostas que visem estratégias para a educação continuada dos professores como, por exemplo, cursos específicos sobre o ensino em Astronomia.

  9. Weaknesses and capacities affecting the Prehospital emergency care for victims of road traffic incidents in the greater Kampala metropolitan area: a cross-sectional study.

    PubMed

    Balikuddembe, Joseph Kimuli; Ardalan, Ali; Khorasani-Zavareh, Davoud; Nejati, Amir; Raza, Owais

    2017-10-03

    Pre-hospital emergency care is a vital and integral component of health systems particularly in the resource constrained countries like Uganda. It can help to minimize deaths, injuries, morbidities, disabilities and trauma caused by the road traffic incidents (RTIs). This study identifies the weaknesses and capacities affecting the pre-hospital emergency care for the victims of RTIs in the Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area (GKMA). A cross-sectional study was conducted in the GKMA using a three-part structured questionnaire. Data related to the demographics, nature of RTIs and victims' pre-hospital experience and existing Emergency Medical Services (EMS) were collected from victims and EMS specialists in 3 hospitals and 5 EMS institutions respectively. Data was descriptively analyzed, and after the principal component analysis was employed to identify the most influential weaknesses and capacities affecting the pre-hospital emergency care for the victims of RTI in the GKMA. From 459 RTI victims (74.7% males and 25.3% females) and 23 EMS specialists (91.3% males and 8.7% females) who participated in the study between May and June 2016, 4 and 5 key weaknesses and capacities respectively were identified to affect the pre-hospital emergency care for RTI victims in the GKMA. Although some strengths exist like ambulance facilitation, EMS structuring, coordination and others), the key weaknesses affecting the pre-hospital care for victims were noted to relate to absence of predefined EMS systems particularly in the GKMA and Uganda as a whole. They were identified to involve poor quality first aid treatment; insufficient skills/training of the first responders; inadequate EMS resources; and avoidable delays to respond and transport RTI victims to medical facilities. Though some strengths exist, the weaknesses affecting prehospital care for RTI victims primarily emanate from the absence of predefined and well-organized EMS systems in the GKMA and Uganda as a whole.

  10. Development and implementation of a geographical area categorisation method with targeted performance indicators for nationwide EMS in Finland.

    PubMed

    Pappinen, Jukka; Laukkanen-Nevala, Päivi; Mäntyselkä, Pekka; Kurola, Jouni

    2018-05-15

    In Finland, hospital districts (HD) are required by law to determine the level and availability of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) for each 1-km 2 sized area (cell) within their administrative area. The cells are currently categorised into five risk categories based on the predicted number of missions. Methodological defects and insufficient instructions have led to incomparability between EMS services. The aim of this study was to describe a new, nationwide method for categorising the cells, analyse EMS response time data and describe possible differences in mission profiles between the new risk category areas. National databases of EMS missions, population and buildings were combined with an existing nationwide 1-km 2 hexagon-shaped cell grid. The cells were categorised into four groups, based on the Finnish Environment Institute's (FEI) national definition of urban and rural areas, population and historical EMS mission density within each cell. The EMS mission profiles of the cell categories were compared using risk ratios with confidence intervals in 12 mission groups. In total, 87.3% of the population lives and 87.5% of missions took place in core or other urban areas, which covered only 4.7% of the HDs' surface area. Trauma mission incidence per 1000 inhabitants was higher in core urban areas (42.2) than in other urban (24.2) or dispersed settlement areas (24.6). The results were similar for non-trauma missions (134.8, 93.2 and 92.2, respectively). Each cell category had a characteristic mission profile. High-energy trauma missions and cardiac problems were more common in rural and uninhabited cells, while violence, intoxication and non-specific problems dominated in urban areas. The proposed area categories and grid-based data collection appear to be a useful method for evaluating EMS demand and availability in different parts of the country for statistical purposes. Due to a similar rural/urban area definition, the method might also be usable for comparison between the Nordic countries.

  11. Electromigration-induced drift in damascene and plasma-etched Al(Cu). II. Mass transport mechanisms in bamboo interconnects

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Proost, Joris; Maex, Karen; Delacy, Luc

    2000-01-01

    We have discussed electromigration (EM)-induced drift in polycrystalline damascene versus reactive ion etched (RIE) Al(Cu) in part I. For polycrystalline Al(Cu), mass transport is well documented to occur through sequential stages : an incubation period (attributed to Cu depletion beyond a critical length) followed by the Al drift stage. In this work, the drift behavior of bamboo RIE and damascene Al(Cu) is analyzed. Using Blech-type test structures, mass transport in RIE lines was shown to proceed both by lattice and interfacial diffusion. The dominating mechanism depends on the Cu distribution in the line, as was evidenced by comparing as-patterned (lattice EM) and RTP-annealed (interface EM) samples. The interfacial EM only occurs at metallic interfaces. In that case, Cu alloying was observed to retard Al interfacial mass transport, giving rise to an incubation time. Although the activation energy for the incubation time was found similar to the one controlling Al lattice drift, for which no incubation time was observed, lattice EM is preferred over interfacial EM because it is insensitive to enhancing geometrical effects upon scaling. When comparing interfacial electromigration in RIE with bamboo damascene Al(Cu), with the incubation time rate controlling for both, the higher EM threshold observed for damascene was shown to be insufficient to compensate for its significantly increased Cu depletion rate, contrary to the case of polycrystalline Al(Cu) interconnects. Two factors were demonstrated to contribute. First, there are more metallic interfaces, intrinsically related to the use of wetting or barrier layers in recessed features. Second, specific to this study, the additional formation of TiAl3 at the trench sidewalls further enhanced the Cu depletion rate, and reduced the rate-controlling incubation time. A separate drift study on RIE via-type test structures indicated that it is very difficult to suppress interfacial mass transport in favor of lattice EM upon TiAl3 formation.

  12. Analysis of astronomy knowledge of the students in the Federal Institute Sao Paulo

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Moraes, A. C.; Voelzke, M. R.

    2014-08-01

    Este trabalho é parte integrante da pesquisa de mestrado acadêmico em ensino de ciências. Nele, busca-se apresentar os resultados da pesquisa realizada entre os 106 alunos do curso superior de tecnologia em automação industrial do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo campus Cubatão, divididos em cinco turmas, duas no período matutino e três no período noturno. A análise dos resultados deste pré questionárioconstatou a falta de conhecimento básico dos discentes, sobre assuntos relacionados à astronomia, o que pode ser atribuído ao ineficiente processo de aprendizado pelo qual eles passaram tanto no ensino médio como no ensino fundamental, em escolas municipais, estaduais e particulares onde estudaram. No ensino de astronomia, têm-se diagnosticado constantemente diversas dificuldades conceituais tanto por parte de alunos como de professores de todas as áreas e níveis de ensino e poucos de fato a compreendem (ALBRECHT; VOELZKE, 2010). Demonstra-se as duas etapas concluídas do trabalho. A primeira etapa indica a análise dos conhecimentos prévios sobre conceitos astronômicos, através do questionário com 25 perguntas. A fim de corrigir as falhas constatadas, experimentalmente ministrou-se, externo ao conteúdo programático, um curso básico em astronomia, com diferentes estratégias de ensino, tais como, utilização de aulas expositivas dialogadas, recursos audiovisuais e palestras, para corrigir as dificuldades diagnosticadas. Essas estratégias de ensino se comprovaram adequadas às necessidades dos alunos e os conceitos foram finalmente compreendidos. Ao término do curso, completado o interstício de 120 dias, para caracterizar que houve a aprendizagem significativa, realizou-se uma nova pesquisa, quando, exatamente os mesmos 106 alunos responderam as mesmas 25 questões aplicadas na primeira etapa. Constata-se na segunda etapa, após análise, que em todas as questões, houve maior compreensão dos assuntos abordados e os alunos obtiveram uma melhora significativa no aprendizado dos conceitos relacionados à astronomia. Nota-se que a astronomia está presente e é elemento importante dos parâmetros curriculares nacionais e que há muito interesse por parte dos alunos com relação ao tema. Diante dos resultados obtidos no pós-curso, pode-se afirmar que o curso básico em astronomia, realizado na própria escola, mas externo ao conteúdo programático, proporcionou uma integração entre os alunos, estreitando os laços de amizade e do conhecimento entre eles não importando a turma ou o período pois a dificuldade inicial foi vencida por todos, com muita dedicação e comprometimento entre todos; hoje estes alunos podem seguramente continuar estudando estes conceitos de astronomia. ALBRECHT, E.; VOELZKE, M. R.Teaching of Astronomy and scientific literacy. Journal of Science Education, v. 11, n. 1, p.35-38, 2010.

  13. The link between industry and social interests in health in Brazil's National Health Innovation System: the experience of the Brazilian National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics (INTO).

    PubMed

    Vianna, Cid Manso de Mello; Fermam, Marcelo Kropf Santos; Rodrigues, Marcus Paulo da Silva; Mosegui, Gabriela Bittencourt Gonzalez

    2016-11-03

    This article has two parts. The first discusses the relationship between industry and health interests based on three different but non-mutually exclusive "logics": (a) independent; (b) divergent; and (c) convergent. The second part describes the experience at the Brazilian National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics (INTO) with a technology management model. The accumulated expertise in orthopedics at INTO can favor Brazil's domestic medical equipment industry without jeopardizing the country's social health needs. This means directing the production of feasible technologies adapted to the national reality, with a focus on safety and quality, without burdening the public coffers and by overcoming the country's dependency on imported products. The proposal is to promote socioeconomic development through a virtuous circle by attracting reserves and fomenting national competitiveness in domestic and foreign markets while improving social conditions and access to health. Resumo: Este artigo está dividido em duas partes. Na primeira, discute-se como se relacionam os interesses produtivos e a saúde a partir de três "lógicas" ou perspectivas diferentes que não são mutuamente excludentes: (a) independente; (b) divergente e (c) convergente. Na segunda, descreve-se a experiência do Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia (INTO) na montagem de um modelo de gestão de tecnologia. O conhecimento internalizado em ortopedia do INTO pode favorecer a indústria nacional de equipamentos médicos sem abandonar as necessidades sociais brasileiras de saúde. Isto é, direcionar a produção de tecnologias viáveis e adaptadas à realidade nacional, com foco em segurança e qualidade, sem onerar os cofres públicos e abandonando a dependência de produtos importados. A proposta é a de promover um desenvolvimento socioeconômico que construa um ciclo virtuoso, por atrair divisas e fomentar a competitividade nacional em mercados internos e externos, melhorando as condições sociais e de acesso à saúde.

  14. An efficient use of mixing model for computing the effective dielectric and thermal properties of the human head.

    PubMed

    Mishra, Varsha; Puthucheri, Smitha; Singh, Dharmendra

    2018-05-07

    As a preventive measure against the electromagnetic (EM) wave exposure to human body, EM radiation regulatory authorities such as ICNIRP and FCC defined the value of specific absorption rate (SAR) for the human head during EM wave exposure from mobile phone. SAR quantifies the absorption of EM waves in the human body and it mainly depends on the dielectric properties (ε', σ) of the corresponding tissues. The head part of the human body is more susceptible to EM wave exposure due to the usage of mobile phones. The human head is a complex structure made up of multiple tissues with intermixing of many layers; thus, the accurate measurement of permittivity (ε') and conductivity (σ) of the tissues of the human head is still a challenge. For computing the SAR, researchers are using multilayer model, which has some challenges for defining the boundary for layers. Therefore, in this paper, an attempt has been made to propose a method to compute effective complex permittivity of the human head in the range of 0.3 to 3.0 GHz by applying De-Loor mixing model. Similarly, for defining the thermal effect in the tissue, thermal properties of the human head have also been computed using the De-Loor mixing method. The effective dielectric and thermal properties of equivalent human head model are compared with the IEEE Std. 1528. Graphical abstract ᅟ.

  15. A writer's guide to education scholarship: Qualitative education scholarship (part 2).

    PubMed

    Chan, Teresa M; Ting, Daniel K; Hall, Andrew Koch; Murnaghan, Aleisha; Thoma, Brent; McEwen, Jill; Yarris, Lalena M

    2018-03-01

    Education scholarship can be conducted using a variety of methods, from quantitative experiments to qualitative studies. Qualitative methods are less commonly used in emergency medicine (EM) education research but are well-suited to explore complex educational problems and generate hypotheses. We aimed to review the literature to provide resources to guide educators who wish to conduct qualitative research in EM education. We conducted a scoping review to outline: 1) a list of journals that regularly publish qualitative educational papers; 2) an aggregate set of quality markers for qualitative educational research and scholarship; and 3) a list of quality checklists for qualitative educational research and scholarship. We found nine journals that have published more than one qualitative educational research paper in EM. From the literature, we identified 39 quality markers that were grouped into 10 themes: Initial Grounding Work (preparation, background); Goals, Problem Statement, or Question; Methods (general considerations); Sampling Techniques; Data Collection Techniques; Data Interpretation and Theory Generation; Measures to Optimize Rigour and Trustworthiness; Relevance to the Field; Evidence of Reflective Practice; Dissemination and Reporting. Lastly, five quality checklists were found for guiding educators in reporting their qualitative work. Many problems that EM educators face are well-suited to exploration using qualitative methods. The results of our scoping review provide publication venues, quality indicators, and checklists that may be useful to EM educators embarking on qualitative projects.

  16. Tools to support GHG emissions reduction : a regional effort, part 1 - carbon footprint estimation and decision support.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2010-09-01

    Tools are proposed for carbon footprint estimation of transportation construction projects and decision support : for construction firms that must make equipment choice and usage decisions that affect profits, project duration : and greenhouse gas em...

  17. Vasorelaxant and Hypotensive Effects of an Ethanolic Extract of Eulophia macrobulbon and Its Main Compound 1-(4′-Hydroxybenzyl)-4,8-Dimethoxyphenanthrene-2,7-Diol

    PubMed Central

    Wisutthathum, Sutthinee; Chootip, Krongkarn; Martin, Hélène; Ingkaninan, Kornkanok; Temkitthawon, Prapapan; Totoson, Perle; Demougeot, Céline

    2018-01-01

    Background: Ethnopharmacological studies demonstrated the potential for Eulophia species to treat inflammation, cancer, and cardio-metabolic diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the vasorelaxant effect of ethanolic Eulophia macrobulbon (EM) extract and its main phenanthrene on rat isolated mesenteric artery and to investigate the hypotensive effect of EM. Methods: The vasorelaxant effects of EM extract or phenanthrene and the underlying mechanisms were evaluated on second-order mesenteric arteries from Sprague Dawley rats. In addition, the acute hypotensive effect was evaluated in anesthetized rats infused with cumulative concentrations of the EM extract. Results: Both EM extract (10-4–1 mg/ml) and phenanthrene (10-7–10-4 M) relaxed endothelium-intact arteries, an effect that was partly reduced by endothelium removal (p < 0.001). A significant decrease in the relaxant effect of the extract and the phenanthrene was observed with L-NAME and apamin/charybdotoxin in endothelium-intact vessels, and with iberiotoxin in denuded vessels. SNP (sodium nitroprusside)-induced relaxation was significantly enhanced by EM extract and phenanthrene. By contrast, ODQ (1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline-1-one), 4-aminopyridine and glibenclamide (endothelium-denuded vessels) and indomethacin (endothelium-intact vessels) had no effect. In calcium-free solution, both the EM extract and phenanthrene inhibited extracellular Ca2+-induced contraction in high KCl and phenylephrine (PE) pre-contracted rings. They also inhibited the intracellular Ca2+ release sensitive to PE. The acute infusion of EM extract (20 and 70 mg/kg) induced an immediate and transient dose-dependent hypotensive effect. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of EM tubers and its main active compound, 1-(4′-hydroxybenzyl)-4,8-dimethoxyphenanthrene-2,7-diol (phenanthrene) induced vasorelaxant effects on rat resistance vessels, through pleiotropic effects including endothelium-dependent effects (NOS activation, enhanced EDH production) and endothelium-independent effects (opening of KCa channels, inhibition of Ca2+ channels, inhibition of intracellular Ca2+ release and PDE inhibition). PMID:29872393

  18. State of emergency medicine in Spain

    PubMed Central

    2010-01-01

    Spain has universal public health care coverage. Emergency care provisions are offered to patients in different modalities and levels according to the characteristics of the medical complaint: at primary care centers (PCC), in an extrahospital setting by emergency medical services (EMS) and at hospital emergency departments (ED). We have more than 3,000 PCCs, which are run by family doctors (general practitioners) and pediatricians. On average, there is 1 PCC for every 15,000 to 20,000 inhabitants, and every family doctor is in charge of 1,500 to 2,000 citizens, although less populated zones tend to have lower ratios. Doctors spend part of their duty time in providing emergency care to their own patients. While not fully devoted to emergency medicine (EM) practice, they do manage minor emergencies. However, Spanish EMSs contribute hugely to guarantee population coverage in all situations. These EMS are run by EM technicians (EMT), nurses and doctors, who usually work exclusively in the emergency arena. EDs dealt with more than 25 million consultations in 2008, which implies, on average, that one out of two Spaniards visited an ED during this time. They are usually equipped with a wide range of diagnostic tools, most including ultrasonography and computerized tomography scans. The academic and training background of doctors working in the ED varies: nearly half lack any structured specialty residence training, but many have done specific master or postgraduate studies within the EM field. The demand for emergency care has grown at an annual rate of over 4% during the last decade. This percentage, which was greater than the 2% population increase during the same period, has outpaced the growth in ED capacity. Therefore, Spanish EDs become overcrowded when the system exerts minimal stress. Despite the high EM caseload and the potential severity of the conditions, training in EM is still unregulated in Spain. However, in April 2009 the Spanish Minister of Health announced the imminent approval of an EM specialty, allowing the first EM resident to officially start in 2011. Spanish emergency physicians look forward to the final approval, which will complete the modernization of emergency health care provision in Spain. PMID:21373287

  19. Electromagnetic-induction logging to monitor changing chloride concentrations

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Metzger, Loren F.; Izbicki, John A.

    2013-01-01

    Water from the San Joaquin Delta, having chloride concentrations up to 3590 mg/L, has intruded fresh water aquifers underlying Stockton, California. Changes in chloride concentrations at depth within these aquifers were evaluated using sequential electromagnetic (EM) induction logs collected during 2004 through 2007 at seven multiple-well sites as deep as 268 m. Sequential EM logging is useful for identifying changes in groundwater quality through polyvinyl chloride-cased wells in intervals not screened by wells. These unscreened intervals represent more than 90% of the aquifer at the sites studied. Sequential EM logging suggested degrading groundwater quality in numerous thin intervals, typically between 1 and 7 m in thickness, especially in the northern part of the study area. Some of these intervals were unscreened by wells, and would not have been identified by traditional groundwater sample collection. Sequential logging also identified intervals with improving water quality—possibly due to groundwater management practices that have limited pumping and promoted artificial recharge. EM resistivity was correlated with chloride concentrations in sampled wells and in water from core material. Natural gamma log data were used to account for the effect of aquifer lithology on EM resistivity. Results of this study show that a sequential EM logging is useful for identifying and monitoring the movement of high-chloride water, having lower salinities and chloride concentrations than sea water, in aquifer intervals not screened by wells, and that increases in chloride in water from wells in the area are consistent with high-chloride water originating from the San Joaquin Delta rather than from the underlying saline aquifer.

  20. Incremental viscosity by non-equilibrium molecular dynamics and the Eyring model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Heyes, D. M.; Dini, D.; Smith, E. R.

    2018-05-01

    The viscoelastic behavior of sheared fluids is calculated by Non-Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics (NEMD) simulation, and complementary analytic solutions of a time-dependent extension of Eyring's model (EM) for shear thinning are derived. It is argued that an "incremental viscosity," ηi, or IV which is the derivative of the steady state stress with respect to the shear rate is a better measure of the physical state of the system than the conventional definition of the shear rate dependent viscosity (i.e., the shear stress divided by the strain rate). The stress relaxation function, Ci(t), associated with ηi is consistent with Boltzmann's superposition principle and is computed by NEMD and the EM. The IV of the Eyring model is shown to be a special case of the Carreau formula for shear thinning. An analytic solution for the transient time correlation function for the EM is derived. An extension of the EM to allow for significant local shear stress fluctuations on a molecular level, represented by a gaussian distribution, is shown to have the same analytic form as the original EM but with the EM stress replaced by its time and spatial average. Even at high shear rates and on small scales, the probability distribution function is almost gaussian (apart from in the wings) with the peak shifted by the shear. The Eyring formula approximately satisfies the Fluctuation Theorem, which may in part explain its success in representing the shear thinning curves of a wide range of different types of chemical systems.

  1. Environmental Control Systems for Exploration Missions One and Two

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Falcone, Mark A.

    2017-01-01

    In preparing for Exploration Missions One and Two (EM-1 & EM-2), the Ground Systems Development and Operations Program has significant updates to be made to nearly all facilities. This is all being done to accommodate the Space Launch System, which will be the world’s largest rocket in history upon fruition. Facilitating the launch of such a rocket requires an updated Vehicle Assembly Building, an upgraded Launchpad, Payload Processing Facility, and more. In this project, Environmental Control Systems across several facilities were involved, though there is a focus around the Mobile Launcher and Launchpad. Parts were ordered, analysis models were updated, design drawings were updated, and more.

  2. Relationship between AOD and synoptic circulation over the Eastern Mediterranean: A comparison between subjective and objective classifications

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bodenheimer, Shalev; Nirel, Ronit; Lensky, Itamar M.; Dayan, Uri

    2018-03-01

    The Eastern Mediterranean (EM) Basin is strongly affected by dust originating from two of the largest world sources: The Sahara Desert and the Arabian Peninsula. Climatologically, the distribution pattern of aerosol optical depth (AOD), as proxy to particulate matter (PM), is known to be correlated with synoptic circulation. The climatological relationship between circulation type classifications (CTCs) and AOD levels over the EM Basin ("synoptic skill") was examined for the years 2000-2014. We compared the association between subjective (expert-based) and objective (fully automated) classifications and AOD using autoregressive models. After seasonal adjustment, the mean values of R2 for the different methods were similar. However, the distinct spatial pattern of the R2 values suggests that subjective classifications perform better in their area of expertise, specifically in the southeast region of the study area, while, objective CTCs had better synoptic skill over the northern part of the EM. This higher synoptic skill of subjective CTCs stem from their ability to identify distinct circulation types (e.g. Sharav lows and winter lows) that are infrequent but are highly correlated with AOD. Notably, a simple CTC based on seasonality rather than meteorological parameters predicted well AOD levels, especially over the south-eastern part of the domain. Synoptic classifications that are area-oriented are likely better predictors of AOD and possibly other environmental variables.

  3. Underwater Electromagnetic Sensor Networks—Part I: Link Characterization †

    PubMed Central

    Quintana-Díaz, Gara; Mena-Rodríguez, Pablo; Pérez-Álvarez, Iván; Jiménez, Eugenio; Dorta-Naranjo, Blas-Pablo; Zazo, Santiago; Pérez, Marina; Quevedo, Eduardo; Cardona, Laura; Hernández, J. Joaquín

    2017-01-01

    Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) using electromagnetic (EM) technology in marine shallow waters are examined, not just for environmental monitoring but for further interesting applications. Particularly, the use of EM waves is reconsidered in shallow waters due to the benefits offered in this context, where acoustic and optical technologies have serious disadvantages. Sea water scenario is a harsh environment for radiocommunications, and there is no standard model for the underwater EM channel. The high conductivity of sea water, the effect of seabed and the surface make the behaviour of the channel hard to predict. This justifies the need of link characterization as the first step to approach the development of EM underwater sensor networks. To obtain a reliable link model, measurements and simulations are required. The measuring setup for this purpose is explained and described, as well as the procedures used. Several antennas have been designed and tested in low frequency bands. Agreement between attenuation measurements and simulations at different distances was analysed and made possible the validation of simulation setups and the design of different communications layers of the system. This leads to the second step of this work, where data and routing protocols for the sensor network are examined. PMID:28106843

  4. Underwater Electromagnetic Sensor Networks-Part I: Link Characterization.

    PubMed

    Quintana-Díaz, Gara; Mena-Rodríguez, Pablo; Pérez-Álvarez, Iván; Jiménez, Eugenio; Dorta-Naranjo, Blas-Pablo; Zazo, Santiago; Pérez, Marina; Quevedo, Eduardo; Cardona, Laura; Hernández, J Joaquín

    2017-01-19

    Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) using electromagnetic (EM) technology in marine shallow waters are examined, not just for environmental monitoring but for further interesting applications. Particularly, the use of EM waves is reconsidered in shallow waters due to the benefits offered in this context, where acoustic and optical technologies have serious disadvantages. Sea water scenario is a harsh environment for radiocommunications, and there is no standard model for the underwater EM channel. The high conductivity of sea water, the effect of seabed and the surface make the behaviour of the channel hard to predict. This justifies the need of link characterization as the first step to approach the development of EM underwater sensor networks. To obtain a reliable link model, measurements and simulations are required. The measuring setup for this purpose is explained and described, as well as the procedures used. Several antennas have been designed and tested in low frequency bands. Agreement between attenuation measurements and simulations at different distances was analysed and made possible the validation of simulation setups and the design of different communications layers of the system. This leads to the second step of this work, where data and routing protocols for the sensor network are examined.

  5. Developing 3D SEM in a broad biological context

    PubMed Central

    Kremer, A; Lippens, S; Bartunkova, S; Asselbergh, B; Blanpain, C; Fendrych, M; Goossens, A; Holt, M; Janssens, S; Krols, M; Larsimont, J-C; Mc Guire, C; Nowack, MK; Saelens, X; Schertel, A; Schepens, B; Slezak, M; Timmerman, V; Theunis, C; Van Brempt, R; Visser, Y; GuÉRin, CJ

    2015-01-01

    When electron microscopy (EM) was introduced in the 1930s it gave scientists their first look into the nanoworld of cells. Over the last 80 years EM has vastly increased our understanding of the complex cellular structures that underlie the diverse functions that cells need to maintain life. One drawback that has been difficult to overcome was the inherent lack of volume information, mainly due to the limit on the thickness of sections that could be viewed in a transmission electron microscope (TEM). For many years scientists struggled to achieve three-dimensional (3D) EM using serial section reconstructions, TEM tomography, and scanning EM (SEM) techniques such as freeze-fracture. Although each technique yielded some special information, they required a significant amount of time and specialist expertise to obtain even a very small 3D EM dataset. Almost 20 years ago scientists began to exploit SEMs to image blocks of embedded tissues and perform serial sectioning of these tissues inside the SEM chamber. Using first focused ion beams (FIB) and subsequently robotic ultramicrotomes (serial block-face, SBF-SEM) microscopists were able to collect large volumes of 3D EM information at resolutions that could address many important biological questions, and do so in an efficient manner. We present here some examples of 3D EM taken from the many diverse specimens that have been imaged in our core facility. We propose that the next major step forward will be to efficiently correlate functional information obtained using light microscopy (LM) with 3D EM datasets to more completely investigate the important links between cell structures and their functions. Lay Description Life happens in three dimensions. For many years, first light, and then EM struggled to image the smallest parts of cells in 3D. With recent advances in technology and corresponding improvements in computing, scientists can now see the 3D world of the cell at the nanoscale. In this paper we present the results of high resolution 3D imaging in a number of diverse cells and tissues from multiple species. 3D reconstructions of cell structures often revealed them to be significantly more complex when compared to extrapolations made from 2D studies. Correlating functional 3D LM studies with 3D EM results opens up the possibility of making new strides in our understanding of how cell structure is connected to cell function. PMID:25623622

  6. The effect of local ectomycorrhizal nitrogen supply on allocation of recent photosynthates within the mycorrhizosphere

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gorka, Stefan; Mayerhofer, Werner; Dietrich, Marlies; Gabriel, Raphael; Wiesenbauer, Julia; Martin, Victoria; Schweiger, Peter; Woebken, Dagmar; Richter, Andreas; Kaiser, Christina

    2017-04-01

    Understanding allocation patterns of carbon (C) released by plants into their soil environment is vital for understanding global C cycling. Plants release photosynthetically acquired C not only to the rhizosphere and respective soil bacteria, but also to associated mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhizal fungi extend further into the adjacent soil, mining for essential nutrients like nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P), with a dramatically increased surface area compared to plant roots. Symbiotically, plants receive these nutrients in exchange for C. A reciprocal control on exchange rates has been shown in arbuscular mycorrhizal systems, but the situation remains equivocal for the ectomycorrhizal (EM) symbiosis. Furthermore, the symbiosis may conceptually be extended to interactions between mycorrhizal fungal hyphae and soil bacteria. For example, a transfer of plant-derived C from hyphae to surrounding soil microbial communities has been suggested, with however only limited experimental evidence. We hypothesized that (i) reciprocal reward within the EM symbiosis may be observed at the level of root system architecture, i.e. that plants allocate C preferentially to parts of their root system that receive more N by EM fungi, (ii) that EM fungi allocate recent photosynthates to soil bacteria, and (iii) that this C allocation is influenced by N availability. We conducted a split-root experiment with ectomycorrhizal beech (Fagus sylvatica) trees. Young trees were collected in the Wienerwald near Vienna. Each plant was transferred to a 'split-root'-box, dividing its root system into two parts, with each part growing into one of two disconnected soil compartments. Each of the two soil compartments was connected to a separated litter compartment by a mesh (35 μm) penetrable only for fungal hyphae, but not for roots. Stable isotope tracing was used for determining the fate of nutrients and photosynthates in this system, by applying 15N labelled ammonium and amino acids to only one of the two litter compartments, while exposing aboveground plants to a 13CO2 enriched atmosphere. Subsequently, we used EA-IRMS to trace isotopic signals in bulk components, and GC-MS/GC-IRMS for PLFA quantification. Our results show a rapid transport of 15N to plants via EM hyphae, and photosynthetically fixed 13C toward hyphal tips, with already significant enrichments 17 hours after 13CO2 labelling and 40 hours after 15N addition. No plant control for reciprocal C-N exchange at the bulk root scale was found. We argue that investigations at smaller scales are required, as regression analysis shows a trend towards reciprocal exchange (R2 = 0.32, p < 0.001) when separating roots into branches. Furthermore, we found significant enrichment of 13C in bacteria-specific PLFAs in the hyphae-exclusive litter compartment. This indicates a rapid allocation of recent photosynthates to remote soil bacteria through EM hyphae.

  7. Improving the quality of emergency medicine care by developing a quality requirement framework: a study from The Netherlands

    PubMed Central

    2012-01-01

    Background In The Netherlands, mainly inexperienced physicians work in the ED on all shifts, including the evening and night shifts, when no direct supervision is available. In 2004 a report of the Dutch Health Care Inspectorate revealed that quality of care at Emergency Departments (EDs) was highly variable. Based on this report and international studies showing significant potential for quality improvement, stakeholders felt the need to improve the quality of EM care. Based on the literature, a baseline measurement and a panel of experts, The Netherlands recently developed a nationwide quality requirement framework (QRF) for EM. This article describes the content of and path to this QRF. Methods To conduct a baseline measurement, the panel needed to identify measurable entities related to EM care at EDs. This was done by formulating both qualitative and partly quantitative questions related to the following competence areas: triage system, training of personnel (physicians and nurses), facilities and supervision of physicians. 27 out of 104 Dutch EDs were sampled via a cross-sectional study design, using an online survey and standardized follow-up interview in which the answers of the survey were reviewed. Results In the QRF, EM care is divided into a basic level of EM care and six competence certification areas (CCAs): (acute) abdominal aortic aneurysm, acute coronary syndrome, acute psychiatric behavioral disorder, cerebral vascular accident, pediatric critical care and infants with low birth weight. For the basic level of EM care and for every CCA minimum prerequisites for medical devices and training of personnel are established. The factors selected for the QRF can be regarded as minimum quality standards for EM care. A major finding of this study was that in The Netherlands, none of the 27 sampled EDs demonstrated compliance with these factors. Conclusion Our study shows that Dutch EDs fall short of what the expert consensus panelists considered minimum prerequisites for adequate EM care. The process of systematic enquiry allowed this information to come to light for the first time, which resulted in the implementation of a QRF for Dutch ED personnel, that is intended improve quality of EM care over time. This is an important development for the worldwide EM community as the QRF shows a way to generate interim standards to improve the chances of appropriate delivery of EM care when the gold standard of providing fully qualified EPs is not initially achievable. PMID:22621681

  8. The prehospital emergency care system in Mexico City: a system's performance evaluation.

    PubMed

    Peralta, Luis Mauricio Pinet

    2006-01-01

    Mexico City has one of the highest mortality rates in Mexico, with non-intentional injuries as a leading cause of death among persons 1-44 years of age. Emergency medical services (EMS) in Mexico can achieve high levels of efficiency by offering high quality medical care at a low cost through adequate system design. The objective of this study was to determine whether the prehospital EMS system in Mexico City meets the criteria standards established by the American Ambulance Association Guide for Contracting Emergency Medical Services (AAA Guide) for highly efficient EMS systems. This retrospective, descriptive study, evaluated the structure of Mexico City's EMS system and analyzed EMS response times, clinical capacity, economic efficiency, and customer satisfaction. These results were compared with the AAA guide, according to the soc ial, economic, and political context in Mexico. This paper describes the healthcare system structure in Mexico, followed by a description of the basic structure of EMS in Mexico City, and of each tenet described in the AAA guide. The p aper includesdata obtained from official documents and databases of government agencies, and operative and administrative data from public and private EMS providers. The quality of the data for response times (RT) were insufficient and widely varied among providers, with a minimum RT of 6.79 minutes (min) and a maximum RT of 61 min. Providers did not define RT clearly, and measured it with averages, which can hide potentially poor performance practices. Training institutions are not required to follow a standardized curriculum. Certifications are the responsibility of the individual training centers and have no government regulation. There was no evidence of active medical control involvement in direct patient care, and providers did not report that quality assurance programs were in place. There also are limited career advancement opportunities for EMS personnel. Small economies of scale may not allow providers to be economically efficient, unit hours are difficult to calculate, and few economic data are available. There is no evidence of customer satisfaction data. Emergency medical services in Mexico City did not meet the AAA requirements for high-quality, prehospital, emergency care. Coordination among EMS providers is difficult to achieve, due, in part, to the lack of: (1) an authoritative structure; (2) sound system design; and (3) appropriate legislation. The government, EMS providers, stakeholders, and community members should work together to build a high quality EMS system at the lowest possible cost.

  9. Intensive Care Unit Structure Variation and Implications for Early Mobilization Practices. An International Survey.

    PubMed

    Bakhru, Rita N; McWilliams, David J; Wiebe, Douglas J; Spuhler, Vicki J; Schweickert, William D

    2016-09-01

    Early mobilization (EM) improves outcomes for mechanically ventilated patients. Variation in structure and organizational characteristics may affect implementation of EM practices. We queried intensive care unit (ICU) environment and standardized ICU practices to evaluate organizational characteristics that enable EM practice. We recruited 151 ICUs in France, 150 in Germany, 150 in the United Kingdom, and 500 in the United States by telephone. Survey domains included respondent characteristics, hospital and ICU characteristics, and ICU practices and protocols. We surveyed 1,484 ICU leaders and received a 64% response rate (951 ICUs). Eighty-eight percent of respondents were in nursing leadership roles; the remainder were physiotherapists. Surveyed ICUs were predominantly mixed medical-surgical units (67%), and 27% were medical ICUs. ICU staffing models differed significantly (P < 0.001 each) by country for high-intensity staffing, nurse/patient ratios, and dedicated physiotherapists. ICU practices differed by country, with EM practices present in 40% of French ICUs, 59% of German ICUs, 52% of U.K. ICUs, and 45% of U.S. ICUs. Formal written EM protocols were present in 24%, 30%, 20%, and 30%, respectively, of those countries' ICUs. In multivariate analysis, EM practice was associated with multidisciplinary rounds (odds ratio [OR], 1.77; P = 0.001), setting daily goals for patients (OR, 1.62; P = 0.02), presence of a dedicated physiotherapist (OR, 2.48; P < 0.001), and the ICU's being located in Germany (reference, United States; OR, 2.84; P < 0.001). EM practice was also associated with higher nurse staffing levels (1:1 nurse/patient ratio as a reference; 1:2 nurse/patient ratio OR, 0.59; P = 0.05; 1:3 nurse/patient ratio OR, 0.33; P = 0.005; 1:4 or less nurse/patient ratio OR, 0.37; P = 0.005). Those responding rarely cited ambulation of mechanically ventilated patients, use of a bedside cycle, or neuromuscular electrical stimulation as part of their EM practice. Physical therapy initiation, barriers to EM practice, and EM equipment were highly variable among respondents. International ICU structure and practice is quite heterogeneous, and several factors (multidisciplinary rounds, setting daily goals for patients, presence of a dedicated physiotherapist, country, and nurse/patient staffing ratio) are significantly associated with the practice of EM. Practice and barriers may be far different based upon staffing structure. To achieve successful implementation, whether through trials or quality improvement, ICU staffing and practice patterns must be taken into account.

  10. Protection of Electrical Systems from EM Hazards - Design Guide.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1981-09-01

    cm) Surface flashover Voltage (KV/cm) This criterion should be met for lighting voltage stresses of either polarity applied at up to 1000 KV/v sec rate...suppressor devices can be predicted. The part failure rate models in the handbook include the effects of part electrical stress , thermal stress , operating... stress . This test series contained over one million device hours of operation at temperatures uF to 145°C. The average duration of testing ranges from

  11. The scalar and electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon in dispersively improved Chiral EFT

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Alarcon, Jose Manuel

    We present a method for calculating the nucleon form factors of G-parity-even operators. This method combines chiral effective field theory (χEFT) and dispersion theory. Through unitarity we factorize the imaginary part of the form factors into a perturbative part, calculable with χEFT, and a non-perturbative part, obtained through other methods. We consider the scalar and electromagnetic (EM) form factors of the nucleon. The results show an important improvement compared to standard chiral calculations, and can be used in analysis of the low-energy properties of the nucleon.

  12. A fonte ionizante do disco de acreção no núcleo de NGC1097

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Silva, R. N.; Storchi-Bergmann, T.

    2003-08-01

    Observações em raios-X revelam o "coração" dos núcleos ativos de galáxias, pois esse tipo de radiação provém das suas regiões mais internas, próximas ao buraco negro central. Neste trabalho apresentamos observações em raios-X da região central da galáxia NGC1097, que hospeda um buraco negro supermassivo e um disco de acreção cuja emissão vem sendo observada há dez anos através da linha de emissão Ha larga (10000 km/s) e de duplo pico. As observações em raios-X - que foram obtidas com o Telescópio Chandra - foram combinadas com observações no ultravioleta obtidas com o Telescópio Espacial Hubble e são usadas para estudar as características da fonte central que ioniza o disco de acreção. A distribuição espectral de energia é comparada com a predita por modelos, em particular o de uma estrutura "ADAF" ("advection dominated accretion flow") na parte interna do disco. Tal estrutura produz um espectro de emissão de linhas estreitas tipo LINER, como observado em NGC1097 e em rádio-galáxias que apresentam linhas de Balmer largas de duplo pico. Apresentamos também uma comparação entre outros LINERs com linhas de emissão largas de duplo pico, disponíveis na literatura ou nos arquivos do Chandra e do Telescópio Espacial Hubble e discutimos as correspondentes implicações para modelos da fonte central.

  13. TU-AB-201-03: A Robot for the Automated Delivery of An Electromagnetic Tracking Sensor for the Localization of Brachytherapy Catheters

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Don, S; Cormack, R; Viswanathan, A

    Purpose: To present a programmable robotic system for the accurate and fast deployment of an electromagnetic (EM) sensor for brachytherapy catheter localization. Methods: A robotic system for deployment of an EM sensor was designed and built. The system was programmed to increment the sensor position at specified time and space intervals. Sensor delivery accuracy was measured in a phantom using the localization of the EM sensor and tested in different environmental conditions. Accuracy was tested by measuring the distance between the physical locations reached by the sensor (measured by the EM tracker) and the intended programmed locations. Results: The systemmore » consisted of a stepper motor connected to drive wheels (that grip the cable to move the sensor) and a series of guides to connect to a brachytherapy transfer tube, all controlled by a programmable Arduino microprocessor. The total cost for parts was <$300. The positional accuracy of the sensor location was within 1 mm of the expected position provided by the motorized guide system. Acquisition speed to localize a brachytherapy catheter with 20 cm of active length was 10 seconds. The current design showed some cable slip and warping depending on environment temperature. Conclusion: The use of EM tracking for the localization of brachytherapy catheters has been previously demonstrated. Efficient data acquisition and artifact reduction requires fast and accurate deployment of an EM sensor in consistent, repeatable patterns, which cannot practically be achieved manually. The design of an inexpensive, programmable robot allowing for the precise deployment of stepping patterns was presented, and a prototype was built. Further engineering is necessary to ensure that the device provides efficient independent localization of brachytherapy catheters. This research was funded by the Kaye Family Award.« less

  14. Quasi-normal modes of holographic system with Weyl correction and momentum dissipation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wu, Jian-Pin; Liu, Peng

    2018-05-01

    We study the charge response in complex frequency plane and the quasi-normal modes (QNMs) of the boundary quantum field theory with momentum dissipation dual to a probe generalized Maxwell system with Weyl correction. When the strength of the momentum dissipation α ˆ is small, the pole structure of the conductivity is similar to the case without the momentum dissipation. The qualitative correspondence between the poles of the real part of the conductivity of the original theory and the ones of its electromagnetic (EM) dual theory approximately holds when γ → - γ with γ being the Weyl coupling parameter. While the strong momentum dissipation alters the pole structure such that most of the poles locate at the purely imaginary axis. At this moment, the correspondence between the poles of the original theory and its EM dual one is violated when γ → - γ. In addition, for the dominant pole, the EM duality almost holds when γ → - γ for all α ˆ except for a small region of α ˆ .

  15. NASA's CubeQuest Challenge - From Ground Tournaments to Lunar and Deep Space Derby

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Hyde, Elizabeth Lee; Cockrell, James J.

    2017-01-01

    The First Flight of NASA's Space Launch System will feature 13 CubeSats that will launch into cis-lunar space. Three of these CubeSats are winners of the CubeQuest Challenge, part of NASA's Space Technology Mission Directorate (STMD) Centennial Challenge Program. In order to qualify for launch on EM-1, the winning teams needed to win a series of Ground Tournaments, periodically held since 2015. The final Ground Tournament, GT-4, was held in May 2017, and resulted in the Top 3 selection for the EM-1 launch opportunity. The Challenge now proceeds to the in-space Derbies, where teams must build and test their spacecraft before launch on EM-1. Once in space, they will compete for a variety of Communications and Propulsion-based challenges. This is the first Centennial Challenge to compete in space and is a springboard for future in-space Challenges. In addition, the technologies gained from this challenge will also propel development of deep space CubeSats.

  16. The association between weekly work hours, crew familiarity, and occupational injury and illness in emergency medical services workers.

    PubMed

    Weaver, Matthew D; Patterson, P Daniel; Fabio, Anthony; Moore, Charity G; Freiberg, Matthew S; Songer, Thomas J

    2015-12-01

    Emergency Medical Services (EMS) workers are shift workers in a high-risk, uncontrolled occupational environment. EMS-worker fatigue has been associated with self-reported injury, but the influence of extended weekly work hours is unknown. A retrospective cohort study was designed using historical shift schedules and occupational injury and illness reports. Using multilevel models, we examined the association between weekly work hours, crew familiarity, and injury or illness. In total, 966,082 shifts and 950 reports across 14 EMS agencies were obtained over a 1-3 year period. Weekly work hours were not associated with occupational injury or illness. Schedule characteristics that yield decreased exposure to occupational hazards, such as part-time work and night work, conferred reduced risk of injury or illness. Extended weekly work hours were not associated with occupational injury or illness. Future work should focus on transient exposures and agency-level characteristics that may contribute to adverse work events. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  17. Populações estelares em galáxias HII

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Westera, P.; Cuisinier, F.; Telles, E.; Kehrig, C.

    2003-08-01

    Analisamos o conteúdo estelar de 74 galáxias HII a partir do contínuo observado nos espectros ópticos dessas galáxias, utilizando métodos de síntese de população estelar. Descobrimos que todas as galáxias para as quais encontramos soluções contêm uma população estelar velha que domina a massa estelar, e numa maioria dessas também encontramos evidência de uma população de idade intermediaria além da geração jovem que está se formando agora. Concluímos que a formação estelar dessas galáxias se realiza em surtos individuais, Esses surtos são interrompidos por longos períodos de inatividade, com os primeiros consumindo a maior parte do gás. Sugerimos, portanto, que as galáxias HII sejam galáxias anãs normais flagradas em um período de surto.

  18. Energy management system optimization for on-site facility staff - a case history of the New York State Office of Mental Health

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Bagdon, M.J.; Martin, P.J.

    1997-06-01

    In 1994, Novus Engineering and EME Group began a project for the New York State Office of Mental Health (OMH) to maximize the use and benefit of energy management systems (EMS) installed at various large psychiatric hospitals throughout New York State. The project, which was funded and managed by the Dormitory Authority of the State of New York (DASNY), had three major objectives: (1) Maximize Energy Savings - Novus staff quickly learned that EMS systems as set up by contractors are far from optimal for generating energy savings. This part of the program revealed numerous opportunities for increased energy savings,more » such as: fine tuning proportional/integral/derivative (PID) loops to eliminate valve and damper hunting; adjusting temperature reset schedules to reduce energy consumption and provide more uniform temperature conditions throughout the facilities; and modifying equipment schedules. (2) Develop Monitoring Protocols - Large EMS systems are so complex that they require a systematic approach to daily, monthly and seasonal monitoring of building system conditions in order to locate system problems before they turn into trouble calls or equipment failures. In order to assist local facility staff in their monitoring efforts, Novus prepared user-friendly handbooks on each EMS. These included monitoring protocols tailored to each facility. (3) Provide Staff Training - When a new EMS is installed at a facility, it is frequently the maintenance staffs first exposure to a complex computerized system. Without proper training in what to look for, staff use of the EMS is generally very limited. With proper training, staff can be taught to take a pro-active approach to identify and solve problems before they get out of hand. The staff then realize that the EMS is a powerful preventative maintenance tool that can be used to make their work more effective and efficient. Case histories are presented.« less

  19. Assessment of Multi-frequency Electromagnetic Induction for Determining Soil Moisture Patterns at the Hillslope Scale

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tromp-van Meerveld, I.; McDonnell, J.

    2009-05-01

    We present an assessment of electromagnetic induction (EM) as a potential rapid and non-invasive method to map soil moisture patterns at the Panola (GA, USA) hillslope. We address the following questions regarding the applicability of EM measurements for hillslope hydrological investigations: (1) Can EM be used for soil moisture measurements in areas with shallow soils?; (2) Can EM represent the temporal and spatial patterns of soil moisture throughout the year?; and (3) can multiple frequencies be used to extract additional information content from the EM approach and explain the depth profile of soil moisture? We found that the apparent conductivity measured with the multi-frequency GEM-300 was linearly related to soil moisture measured with an Aqua-pro capacitance sensor below a threshold conductivity and represented the temporal patterns in soil moisture well. During spring rainfall events that wetted only the surface soil layers the apparent conductivity measurements explained the soil moisture dynamics at depth better than the surface soil moisture dynamics. All four EM frequencies (7290, 9090, 11250, and 14010 Hz) were highly correlated and linearly related to each other and could be used to predict soil moisture. This limited our ability to use the four different EM frequencies to obtain a soil moisture profile with depth. The apparent conductivity patterns represented the observed spatial soil moisture patterns well when the individually fitted relationships between measured soil moisture and apparent conductivity were used for each measurement point. However, when the same (master) relationship was used for all measurement locations, the soil moisture patterns were smoothed and did not resemble the observed soil moisture patterns very well. In addition, the range in calculated soil moisture values was reduced compared to observed soil moisture. Part of the smoothing was likely due to the much larger measurement area of the GEM-300 compared to the Aqua-pro soil moisture measurements.

  20. Low-cost cryo-light microscopy stage fabrication for correlated light/electron microscopy.

    PubMed

    Carlson, David B; Evans, James E

    2011-06-05

    The coupling of cryo-light microscopy (cryo-LM) and cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) poses a number of advantages for understanding cellular dynamics and ultrastructure. First, cells can be imaged in a near native environment for both techniques. Second, due to the vitrification process, samples are preserved by rapid physical immobilization rather than slow chemical fixation. Third, imaging the same sample with both cryo-LM and cryo-EM provides correlation of data from a single cell, rather than a comparison of "representative samples". While these benefits are well known from prior studies, the widespread use of correlative cryo-LM and cryo-EM remains limited due to the expense and complexity of buying or building a suitable cryogenic light microscopy stage. Here we demonstrate the assembly, and use of an inexpensive cryogenic stage that can be fabricated in any lab for less than $40 with parts found at local hardware and grocery stores. This cryo-LM stage is designed for use with reflected light microscopes that are fitted with long working distance air objectives. For correlative cryo-LM and cryo-EM studies, we adapt the use of carbon coated standard 3-mm cryo-EM grids as specimen supports. After adsorbing the sample to the grid, previously established protocols for vitrifying the sample and transferring/handling the grid are followed to permit multi-technique imaging. As a result, this setup allows any laboratory with a reflected light microscope to have access to direct correlative imaging of frozen hydrated samples.

  1. Mobile satellite business networks: A part of the European mobile system

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    deMateo, M. L.; Jongejans, A.; Loisy, C.; VanHimbeeck, C.; Marchal, J. P.; Borella, A.; Sartori, M.

    1995-01-01

    The European Space Agency (ESA) is presently procuring an L-band payload EMS, to be embarked on the ITALSAT-2 satellite due for launch in early 1996, in order to promote a regional European mobile system. One of the Land Mobile Communication systems supported by EMS is the MSBN (Mobile Satellite Business Network) voice and data system which will offer the services of a business network on a seamless European coverage. This paper will first recall the characteristics of the MSBN system, which is based on quasi-synchronized CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) techniques in both directions, and then describe the CDMA receivers implementation. Main validation test results will also be reported confirming predicted performances.

  2. Weak Links in the Early Chain of Care of Acute Lower Limb Ischaemia in Terms of Recognition and Emergency Management.

    PubMed

    Langenskiöld, M; Smidfelt, K; Karlsson, A; Bohm, C; Herlitz, J; Nordanstig, J

    2017-08-01

    Acute lower limb ischaemia (ALLI) is a potentially fatal, limb threatening medical emergency. Early treatment is essential for a good outcome. The aim was to describe the early chain of care in ALLI focusing on lead times and emergency management in order to identify weak links for improvement. This was a retrospective, descriptive case study. This study analysed the medical records of all patients with a main discharge diagnosis of ALLI between January 2009 and December 2014. Predetermined emergency care data on lead times, diagnosis recognition, presenting symptoms, emergency care treatment and outcome were collected for patients who were transported by the Emergency Medical Service (EMS) and those who were not. In total, 552 medical records were audited of which 195 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were analysed. Among them were 117 (60%) transported by the EMS. The median time from symptom onset to revascularisation was 23 (interquartile range [IQR] 10-55; EMS transported) and 93 (IQR 42-152, not EMS transported) hours (p < .01). The time from symptom onset to arrival in hospital was 5 (IQR 2-26; EMS transported) and 48 (IQR 6-108; not EMS transported) hours. After arrival in hospital, the median time to first doctor evaluation was 51 (IQR 28-90; EMS transported) and 80 (IQR 44-169; not EMS transported) minutes, p = .01. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) was given to 72% of patients in the emergency department (ED) and a multivariate analysis showed that the use of LMWH was associated with a more favourable outcome. Both the time spent in the ED and the time from the onset of symptoms to revascularisation were considerably longer than optimal. Time delays in the early treatment chain can mainly be attributed to "patient delay" and a considerable time spent in hospital before revascularisation. The use of LMWH as an integral part of ED management was associated with a better outcome. Copyright © 2017 European Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  3. Characteristics of the pediatric patients treated by the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network's affiliated EMS agencies.

    PubMed

    Lerner, E Brooke; Dayan, Peter S; Brown, Kathleen; Fuchs, Susan; Leonard, Julie; Borgialli, Dominic; Babcock, Lynn; Hoyle, John D; Kwok, Maria; Lillis, Kathleen; Nigrovic, Lise E; Mahajan, Prashant; Rogers, Alexander; Schwartz, Hamilton; Soprano, Joyce; Tsarouhas, Nicholas; Turnipseed, Samuel; Funai, Tomohiko; Foltin, George

    2014-01-01

    To describe pediatric patients transported by the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network's (PECARN's) affiliated emergency medical service (EMS) agencies and the process of submitting and aggregating data from diverse agencies. We conducted a retrospective analysis of electronic patient care data from PECARN's partner EMS agencies. Data were collected on all EMS runs for patients less than 19 years old treated between 2004 and 2006. We conducted analyses only for variables with usable data submitted by a majority of participating agencies. The investigators aggregated data between study sites by recoding it into categories and then summarized it using descriptive statistics. Sixteen EMS agencies agreed to participate. Fourteen agencies (88%) across 11 states were able to submit patient data. Two of these agencies were helicopter agencies (HEMS). Mean time to data submission was 378 days (SD 175). For the 12 ground EMS agencies that submitted data, there were 514,880 transports, with a mean patient age of 9.6 years (SD 6.4); 53% were male, and 48% were treated by advanced life support (ALS) providers. Twenty-two variables were aggregated and analyzed, but not all agencies were able to submit all analyzed variables and for most variables there were missing data. Based on the available data, median response time was 6 minutes (IQR: 4-9), scene time 15 minutes (IQR: 11-21), and transport time 9 minutes (IQR: 6-13). The most common chief complaints were traumatic injury (28%), general illness (10%), and respiratory distress (9%). Vascular access was obtained for 14% of patients, 3% received asthma medication, <1% pain medication, <1% assisted ventilation, <1% seizure medication, <1% an advanced airway, and <1% CPR. Respiratory rate, pulse, systolic blood pressure, and GCS were categorized by age and the majority of children were in the normal range except for systolic blood pressure in those under one year old. Despite advances in data definitions and increased use of electronic databases nationally, data aggregation across EMS agencies was challenging, in part due to variable data collection methods and missing data. In our sample, only a small proportion of pediatric EMS patients required prehospital medications or interventions.

  4. The use of EMDR in positive verbal material: results from a patient study

    PubMed Central

    Matthijssen, Suzy Johanna Martina Adriana; van den Hout, Marcel

    2016-01-01

    Background According to the working memory (WM) theory of eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR), dual tasks that tax WM during memory recall reduce image vividness and emotionality of memory during future recalls when no dual task is carried out. There is some evidence that WM taxing also reduces vividness and emotionality of auditory or verbal imagery. Objective The present study tests the effect of eye movements (EM) on positive verbal material (verbal imagery), which is used in different parts of the EMDR protocol. In the Dutch version of the standard EMDR protocol, a procedure “Positive Closure” (PC) is performed, which uses verbal imagery under dual task condition (EM). The value of EM in this procedure has not been established and according to the WM account would be counterproductive. Two earlier studies with undergraduates, with a set-up comparable to the present one, showed no additive value of the EM in the procedure, but no counterproductive effect either. Method Thirty-six patients rated the belief in possessing two positive personality traits and emotionality of the traits. They then had an EMDR session targeting a negative memory and recalled and re-rated the belief and emotionality of the traits afterward. Subsequently, they recalled one trait while dual tasking (EM) and the other trait without dual tasking. Afterward, they re-rated the belief and emotionality. Results EM did not affect the belief in possessing the trait or the emotionality. Secondary analysis shows an effective EMDR session itself enhances the belief in the traits, compared to a less or non-effective EMDR session. Conclusions EM are not effective in enhancing the belief in possessing a personality trait or the emotionality. If replicated by other patient studies, this suggests elimination of the PC procedure. Highlights of the article In this study the additive value of EM on verbal material (in the procedure Positive Closure) is not found. No effect of the procedure Positive Closure on the Belief in a personality trait nor the emotional intensity of the trait was found. An effective EMDR session (large reduction of the SUD during the session) was effective in changing the Belief in personality traits. PMID:27387844

  5. Pre-School Education in Portugal = Educacao Pre-Escolar em Portugal. Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ministry of Education, Lisbon (Portugal).

    This report, containing both English and Portuguese text, describes the historical background and current state of preschool education systems in Portugal, and presents recommendations on guideline consolidation in the implementation of a common preschool education policy. Part 1 of the report, "Historical Background," discusses the…

  6. Conceptual Assessment Tool for Advanced Undergraduate Electrodynamics

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Baily, Charles; Ryan, Qing X.; Astolfi, Cecilia; Pollock, Steven J.

    2017-01-01

    As part of ongoing investigations into student learning in advanced undergraduate courses, we have developed a conceptual assessment tool for upper-division electrodynamics (E&M II): the Colorado UppeR-division ElectrodyNamics Test (CURrENT). This is a free response, postinstruction diagnostic with 6 multipart questions, an optional 3-question…

  7. Anopheles (Anopheles) forattinii: a New Species in Series Arribalzagia (Diptera: Culicidae)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1999-05-01

    Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560. ’ Ndcleo de Pesquisa Taxon6mica e Sistematica em Entomologia MBdica (NUPTEM), Departamento de Epidemiologia...anofelinos das regioes nordestinas e amazonica do Brasil. Rev. Serv. Esp. I: 827-965. Forattini, 0. P. 1962. Entomologia medica. vol. I. Parte Geral

  8. Quantify Lateral Dispersion and Turbulent Mixing by Spatial Array of chi-EM-APEX Floats

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-09-30

    pattern), 18-hour background field on the R/V Oceanus. ii) 10 km, 4-hour butterfly following dye on R/V Endeavor. iii) Dye following to track the...analysis of drogue observations, Deep- Sea Research, 23, 349-352. PUBLICATIONS (wholly or in part supported by this grant) Sanford, T.B. (2013...Spatial Structure of Thermocline and Abyssal Internal Waves, Deep- Sea Res. Part II. 85, 195-209. [published, refereed] Szuts, Z.B. and T. B. Sanford

  9. Perfil dos Professores de Ciências Naturais do Recôncavo da Bahia - Alunos da Disciplina Terra e Universo no Curso de Ciências Naturais do Parfor

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lima, S. R.; Cerqueira Júnior, W.; Dutra, G.

    2011-12-01

    Este trabalho foi desenvolvido pelo projeto Astronomia no Recôncavo da Bahia, no Centro de Formação de Professores da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia. Traçamos o perfil de um grupo de professores que lecionam conteúdos de Ciências Naturais no recôncavo, alunos do curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Naturais, oferecido dentro do Plano Nacional de Formação de Professores da Educação Básica. Nosso objetivo era avaliar se eles estão preparados para trabalhar conteúdos de Astronomia e identificar suas dificuldades. Os resultados serviram para orientar o professor da disciplina “Terra e Universo”, oferecida no segundo semestre de 2010. Durante a primeira aula da disciplina Terra e Universo, os alunos responderam a um questionário contendo questões abertas e fechadas, divididas em duas partes. A primeira procurando caracterizar profissionalmente os alunos enquanto professores da rede pública da região do Recôncavo Sul da Bahia e uma segunda parte procurando identificar conhecimentos básicos em Astronomia. Os resultados indicam uma predominância de professores do sexo feminino, com idade superior aos 40 anos, pardos e sem formação específica para o ensino de ciências. A maioria leciona há mais de 15 anos para turmas do 1º ao 5º ano, alguns lecionam para turmas de 6º ao 9º ano. Quase todos nunca participaram de um curso de formação continuada em Astronomia. Além disso, não estão habituados a ler revistas especializadas e nem livros com esta temática. Os que procuram ensinar temas voltados para a Astronomia têm, no livro didático, a maior fonte de informação sobre o assunto. As respostas também indicam uma deficiência em conteúdos básicos como a compreensão da esfericidade da Terra, noções de verticalidade e gravidade, incapacidade de identificar a Terra como um planeta, no Sistema Solar, em uma galáxia, no Universo. Estes resultados ressaltam a importância de disciplinas de Astronomia básica na formação dos professores da região.

  10. Effects of Electrostimulation and Plyometric Training Program Combination on Jump Height in Teenage Athletes

    PubMed Central

    Martínez-López, Emilio J.; Benito-Martínez, Elisa; Hita-Contreras, Fidel; Lara-Sánchez, Amador; Martínez-Amat, Antonio

    2012-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of eight-week (2 days/week) training periods of plyometric exercises (PT) and neuromuscular electrostimulation (EMS) on jump height in young athletes. Squat jump (SJ), counter movement jump (CMJ) and drop jump (DJ) were performed to assess the effects of the training protocols 98 athletes (100 & 200m and 100m & 110m hurdles) voluntarily took part in this study, 51 males (52%) and 47 females (48%), 17.91 ± 1.42 years old, and 5.16 ± 2.56 years of training experience. The participants were randomly assigned to four different groups according to the frequency and the timing of the stimulation. Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the effects of every training program on jump height. Our findings suggest that compared to control (Plyometrics (PT) only), the combination of 150Hz EMS + PT simultaneously combined in an 8 week (2days/week) training program, we could observe significant jump height improvements in the different types of strength: explosive, explosive-elastic, and explosive-elastic-reactive. The combination of PT after ≤ 85 Hz EMS did not show any jump height significant increase in sprinters. In conclusion, an eight week training program (with just two days per week) of EMS combined with plyometric exercises has proven useful for the improvement of every kind of vertical jump ability required for sprint and hurdles disciplines in teenage athletes. Key points The combined use of high frequency electromyostimulation and plyometric training 2 days/week in an 8 week training program produce significant improvements in jump height in teenage athletes. A high-frequency (≥ 150 Hz) EMS and its simultaneous application with PT can significantly contribute to the improvement of the three different types of strength manifestations (explosive, explosive-elastic and explosive-elastic-reactive strength). An alternate training with different stimulation frequencies [85Hz EMS/ PT combination and 150Hz EMS + PT simultaneous combination] only has significant improvement effects in SJ. The combination of PT after ≤ 85 Hz EMS did not show any jump height significant increase in teenage athletes. The timing of EMS and PT application during training must be taken into account according to the type of jump. PMID:24150085

  11. The peculiarities of power terrestrial ELF emission in the Earth's ionosphere

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Korepanov, Valery; Dudkin, Fedir; Pronenko, Vira; Chvach, Valery

    2016-04-01

    The near-Earth space is saturated with electromagnetic (EM) waves of terrestrial origin in a wide frequency range. The most powerful natural sources of EM emission are thunderstorms and triggered by them Schumann resonance (SR) radiation which is the narrowband EM noise that occurs due to the global thunderstorm activity in the Earth-ionosphere cavity in frequency range about 7-100 Hz. The considerable part of the terrestrial EM emission belongs to everyday human activity which increases year by year with unpredictable consequences. At the beginning of space exploration era it was considered that high frequency EM waves freely penetrate through the Earth's ionosphere, but the terrestrial EM emission below very low frequency range is limited by ionospheric F2 layer boundary due to great EM losses in plasma. About 40 years ago the power lines harmonic radiation (multiple of 50/60 Hz) was found at satellite observations in a few kilohertz range, nevertheless the ionosphere was considered fully opaque for extremely low frequency (ELF) EM emission. However recently, in spite of theoretical estimations, the SR harmonics and power line emission (PLE) 50/60 Hz were discovered during flights of low Earth orbiting satellites C/NOFS (Simões et al., 2011) and Chibis-M (Dudkin et al., 2015) at heights 400-800 km, i.e. over F2-layer. Last results are a great challenge to the theory of ELF EM emission propagation in the Earth's ionosphere as well as for study of long-term influence of constantly increasing electric energy consumption by human civilization in the Earth's environment. We present the analysis of the space and time distribution for observed PLE and SR harmonics, their connection with power terrestrial sources of ELF emission and possible relation between measured values and ionosphere conditions. Also some electromagnetic parameters have been estimated. Simões, F. A., R. F. Pfaff, and H. T. Freudenreich (2011), Satellite observations of Schumann resonances in the Earth's ionosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L22101, doi:10.1029/2011GL049668. Dudkin, F., V. Korepanov, D. Dudkin, V. Pilipenko, V. Pronenko, and S. Klimov (2015), Electric fi eld of the power terrestrial sources observed by microsatellite Chibis-M in the Earth ' s ionosphere in frequency range 1 - 60 Hz, Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, doi:10.1002/2015GL064595.

  12. Correlations Between Emerita analoga and Profilicollis spp. as Influenced by Environmetal Factors at Ocean Beach, San Francisco CA

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wright, S.; Garza, F.; Zhang, P.

    2015-12-01

    Since 2002 the Careers in Science (CiS) intern program has monitored Ocean Beach in San Francisco, California for the population of Emerita analoga (Pacific Mole Crab) as part of a partnership program with the Long-term Monitoring Program and Experiential Training for Students (LiMPETS). LiMPETS is an organization that conducts citizen science with Bay Area youth such as the CiS interns. We specifically assist in the collection of Pacific Mole Crab population statistics at Ocean Beach during the summer from June through August. The purpose of collecting Pacific Mole Crabs is to monitor Acanthocephalan parasites (Profilicollis spp.) - to which Pacific Mole Crabs serve as intermediate hosts - and to learn more about our environment as Pacific Mole Crabs are indicator species. During our collections at Ocean Beach we record size, sex, and number of individuals at specific transects. We then take a random sample from the day, return to the lab, and record their sizes, sexes, and Acanthocephalan parasite load. The results of the collection and dissections are then entered into the LiMPETS online database for scientist and researchers to use. Our project will focus on correlations relating to the data collected (Pacific Mole Crab population, parasite load, abiotic and biotic factors, et cetera).

  13. Classification of iRBD and Parkinson's disease patients based on eye movements during sleep.

    PubMed

    Christensen, Julie A E; Koch, Henriette; Frandsen, Rune; Kempfner, Jacob; Arvastson, Lars; Christensen, Soren R; Sorensen, Helge B D; Jennum, Poul

    2013-01-01

    Patients suffering from the sleep disorder idiopathic rapid-eye-movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) have been observed to be in high risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD). This makes it essential to analyze them in the search for PD biomarkers. This study aims at classifying patients suffering from iRBD or PD based on features reflecting eye movements (EMs) during sleep. A Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic model was developed based on features extracted from two electrooculographic (EOG) signals measured as parts in full night polysomnographic (PSG) recordings from ten control subjects. The trained model was tested on ten other control subjects, ten iRBD patients and ten PD patients, obtaining a EM topic mixture diagram for each subject in the test dataset. Three features were extracted from the topic mixture diagrams, reflecting "certainty", "fragmentation" and "stability" in the timely distribution of the EM topics. Using a Naive Bayes (NB) classifier and the features "certainty" and "stability" yielded the best classification result and the subjects were classified with a sensitivity of 95 %, a specificity of 80% and an accuracy of 90 %. This study demonstrates in a data-driven approach, that iRBD and PD patients may exhibit abnorm form and/or timely distribution of EMs during sleep.

  14. Functional histology of the macula flava in the human vocal fold--Part 2: Its role in the growth and development of the vocal fold.

    PubMed

    Sato, Kiminori; Umeno, Hirohito; Nakashima, Tadashi

    2010-01-01

    This study aims to clarify the role of the maculae flavae (MFe) during growth and development of the human vocal fold mucosa (VFM). Our current results concerning the MFe in the human newborn, infant, and child VFM are summarized. Newborns already had immature MFe at the same sites as adults. They were composed of dense masses of vocal fold stellate cells (VFSCs), whereas extracellular matrix components were sparse. VFSCs in the newborn MFe had already started synthesizing extracellular matrices (EM). During infancy, the EM synthesized in the MFe appeared in the VFM to initiate the formation of the three-dimensional extracellular matrix structure of the human VFM. During childhood, MFe including VFSCs continued to synthesize EM such as collagenous, reticular, and elastic fibers, and hyaluronic acid (glycosaminoglycan), which are essential for the human VFM as a vibrating tissue. The MFe in newborns, infants and children were related to the growth and development of the human VFM. Human MFe including VFSCs were inferred to be involved in the metabolism of EM, essential for the viscoelasticity of the human VFM, and are considered to be an important structure in the growth and development of the human VFM. Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel.

  15. Free the Globe. (Spanish Title: Liberar al Globo Terráqueo.) Soltar o Globo Terrestre

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gangui, Alejandro

    2014-07-01

    The parallel globe is an old device, very simple and ingenious that, when systematically employed in astronomy classes, becomes a teaching tool with great potential. Properly oriented according to the local meridian, this instrument allows us to follow the shadows in any region of the Earth that is illuminated by the Sun, as well as offering a clear view of the terminator, the line that divides the day and the night on our planet. With knowledge of the shadows, it is possible to estimate the latitude of a site and to infer local solar time anywhere in the planet's sunlit hemisphere. Furthermore, by using the parallel globe we may understand simply the existence of regions in which objects sometimes do not cast shadows, and also other regions which, on the contrary, sometimes become "long-shadow" countries. In this work, we first review the device and the basics of its assembly and operation. In the second part, we describe in detail some activities targeted to facilitate its use in the classroom, which our research group has been developing during teacher training workshops. El globo terráqueo paralelo es un dispositivo antiguo, muy simple e ingenioso que empleado en forma sistemática en las clases de astronomía se convierte en una herramienta didáctica de gran potencialidad. Orientado adecuadamente de acuerdo al meridiano local, este instrumento permite seguir las sombras en cualquier región de la Tierra que esté iluminada por el Sol, además de ofrecer una visualización clara del terminador, la línea en rápido movimiento que divide el día de la noche en nuestro planeta. Con el conocimiento de las sombras, es posible estimar la latitud de un sitio e inferir la hora solar local en cualquier lugar del hemisferio iluminado del planeta. Además, mediante el empleo del globo terráqueo paralelo se puede comprender de manera simple que existan regiones donde los objetos a veces no proyectan sombras y otras, por el contrario, que a veces se convierten en "países de las sombras largas". En este trabajo, primeramente reseñamos el dispositivo, sus fundamentos básicos de armado y funcionamiento. En la segunda parte, describimos en detalle algunas actividades que facilitan su empleo en el aula y que hemos venido desarrollando en talleres de formación docente en nuestro grupo de investigación. O globo terrestre paralelo é um antigo dispositivo, muito simples e criativo que, empregado de forma sistemática nas aulas de astronomia, converte-se em uma ferramenta didática de grande potencialidade. Orientado adequadamente de acordo com o meridiano local, esse instrumento permite acompanhar as sombras em qualquer região da Terra que esteja iluminada pelo Sol, além de oferecer uma visualização clara do terminadouro, a linha que divide o dia da noite em nosso planeta. Com o conhecimento das sombras, é possível estimar a latitude de uma localidade e inferir a hora solar local em qualquer lugar do hemisfério iluminado do planeta. Além disso, mediante o emprego do globo terrestre paralelo, pode-se compreender, de maneira simples, que existem regiões onde os objetos às vezes não projetam sombras e outras, pelo contrário, que às vezes se convertem em "países das sombras longas". Neste trabalho, primeiramente, descrevemos o dispositivo, seus fundamentos básicos de construção e funcionamento. Na segunda parte, descrevemos em detalhes algumas atividades que facilitam seu emprego na aula e que temos desenvolvido em oficinas de formação docente em nosso grupo de pesquisa.

  16. Ondas de choque em jatos de quasares e objetos BL Lacertae

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Melo, F. E.; Botti, L. C. L.

    2003-08-01

    Este trabalho é parte de um projeto que vem sendo realizado há dois anos no CRAAM, cujos objetivos principais são analisar e aplicar um modelo generalizado de ondas de choque em jatos relativísticos de plasma, presentes em quasares e objetos BL Lacertae, para explicar a variabilidade observada nestes objetos. O método consiste em uma decomposição de curvas de luz em séries de explosões similares, em várias freqüências, baseando-se em uma evolução espectro-temporal média das explosões. A partir da evolução média, um ajuste de cada explosão é feito com base em equações empíricas, modificando-se apenas parâmetros específicos de cada explosão. Inicialmente o modelo foi aplicado ajustando-se as curvas de luz a explosões delineadas por uma evolução do choque em três estágios, segundo a predominância do processo de emissão: síncrotron, Compton e adiabático. Entretanto, nesta nova fase de projeto, visando uma parametrização mais concisa, uma otimização do algoritmo de ajuste e uma convergência mais rápida, a formulação para cada evento foi assumida com uma evolução em apenas dois estágios: subida e descida. Isto possibilitou uma ótima delineação das curvas de luz das fontes OV236, OJ287, 3C273 e BL Lac, entre 1980 e 2000, nas freqüências 4.8, 8.0, 14.5 e 22 GHz, utilizando-se dados do Observatório da Universidade de Michigan, do Observatório do Itapetinga (Atibaia SP) e do Observatório Metsähovi. Como conclusões importantes, verificou-se que: os parâmetros ajustados descrevem o comportamento do jato; os valores do índice que descreve a expansão do jato sugerem que o mesmo se expande de uma forma não-cônica; o campo magnético é turbulento atrás da frente de choque; e as peculiaridades das explosões são devidas à influência de grandezas tais como o coeficiente da distribuição espectral de energia dos elétrons, a intensidade de campo magnético e o fator de feixe Doppler, no início do choque.

  17. Cometa Hyakutake (C/1996 B2): análise do gás e características físicas das partículas de poeira

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sanzovo, G. C.; de Almeida, A. A.; Boczko, R.

    2003-08-01

    A completa caracterização e compreensão do núcleo de um cometa novo é de fundamental importância para a elucidação dos processos físicos e químicos atuantes na época da formação do Sistema Solar. O Cometa Hyakutake, conjuntamente com o Cometa Hale-Bopp representam os objetos mais brilhantes que visitaram o Sistema Solar Interno nos últimos 20 anos. Neste Trabalho, nós aplicamos o Método Semi-Empírico das Magnitudes Visuais (MSEMV) à aproximadamente 4000 dados observacionais que correlacionam a magnitude visual absoluta com a distância heliocêntrica para o Cometa Hyakutake nas fases pré- e pós-periélicas. Como produto da aplicação desse método, conseguimos caracterizar dimensionalmente seu núcleo e área ativa efetiva. As taxas de produção dos radicais CN, C2 e C3, obtidos a partir de dados disponíveis na literatura, revelam que, além de muito brilhante, o Hyakutake é um cometa "normal" no sentido de Cochran (1986). Desse modo, deduzimos as taxas de perdas de água (em moléculas/s) a partir da análise de sua magnitude visual aparente, e as convertemos em taxas de perdas de gás (em g/s), despreendido pelo nucleo cometário. Com o auxílio do modelo fotométrico clássico da poeira, realizamos uma análise sistemática e uniforme dessa componente cometária, a partir dos fluxos observacionais no contínuo, para os comprimentos de onda 365,0 e 484,5 nm, assumindo que esses fluxos são o resultado da radiação solar espalhada por grãos de partículas micrométricos presentes na coma. Com isso, pudemos obter as taxas de produção (em g/s), cores (relativas à cor neutra solar), e as dimensões efetivas médias das partículas de poeira, bem como as razões poeira-gás.

  18. National Energy Efficiency Evaluation, Measurement and Verification (EM&V) Standard: Scoping Study of Issues and Implementation Requirements

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Schiller Consulting, Inc.; Schiller, Steven R.; Goldman, Charles A.

    2011-02-04

    This report is a scoping study that identifies issues associated with developing a national evaluation, measurement and verification (EM&V) standard for end-use, non-transportation, energy efficiency activities. The objectives of this study are to identify the scope of such a standard and define EM&V requirements and issues that will need to be addressed in a standard. To explore these issues, we provide and discuss: (1) a set of definitions applicable to an EM&V standard; (2) a literature review of existing guidelines, standards, and 'initiatives' relating to EM&V standards as well as a review of 'bottom-up' versus 'top-down' evaluation approaches; (3) amore » summary of EM&V related provisions of two recent federal legislative proposals (Congressman Waxman's and Markey's American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009 and Senator Bingaman's American Clean Energy Leadership Act of 2009) that include national efficiency resource requirements; (4) an annotated list of issues that that are likely to be central to, and need to be considered when, developing a national EM&V standard; and (5) a discussion of the implications of such issues. There are three primary reasons for developing a national efficiency EM&V standard. First, some policy makers, regulators and practitioners believe that a national standard would streamline EM&V implementation, reduce costs and complexity, and improve comparability of results across jurisdictions; although there are benefits associated with each jurisdiction setting its own EM&V requirements based on their specific portfolio and evaluation budgets and objectives. Secondly, if energy efficiency is determined by the US Environmental Protection Agency to be a Best Available Control Technology (BACT) for avoiding criteria pollutant and/or greenhouse gas emissions, then a standard can be required for documenting the emission reductions resulting from efficiency actions. The third reason for a national EM&V standard is that such a standard is likely to be required as a result of future federal energy legislation that includes end-use energy efficiency, either as a stand-alone energy-efficiency resource standard (EERS) or as part of a clean energy or renewable energy standard. This study is focused primarily on this third reason and thus explores issues associated with a national EM&V standard if energy efficiency is a qualifying resource in federal clean energy legislation. Developing a national EM&V standard is likely to be a lengthy process; this study focuses on the critical first step of identifying the issues that must be addressed in a future standard. Perhaps the most fundamental of these issues is 'how good is good enough?' This has always been the fundamental issue of EM&V for energy efficiency and is a result of the counter-factual nature of efficiency. Counter-factual in that savings are not measured, but estimated to varying degrees of accuracy by comparing energy consumption after a project (program) is implemented with what is assumed to have been the consumption of energy in the absence of the project (program). Therefore, the how good is good enough question is a short version of asking how certain does one have to be of the energy savings estimate that results from EM&V activities and is that level of certainty properly balanced against the amount of effort (resources, time, money) that is utilized to obtain that level of certainty. The implication is that not only should energy efficiency investments be cost-effective, but EM&V investments should consider risk management principles and thus also balance the costs and value of information derived from EM&V (EM&V should also be cost-effective).« less

  19. Crystallization and Melt Removal at Arenal Volcano, Polytopic Vector Analysis

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hidalgo, P. J.; Vogel, T. A.; Bolge, L. L.; Ehrlich, R.; Alvarado, G. E.

    2007-12-01

    Tephra sequences ET3 and ET4 from Arenal volcano in Costa Rica have recently been interpreted to be a product of crystal fractionation by Bolge and coworkers in a series of papers (2004, 2006). The two tephra units are part of a sequence of 22 tephra units that represent a 7000 year span of the Arenal volcano activity. The tephro- stratigraphy has been described extensively by Melson (1982; 1994). The ET3 and ET4 tephras were interpreted (based on major- and trace-element, isotopic analyses of whole rocks and microchemical analyses of individual phases) as clear evidence of crystal separation by gravity settling (Bolge et al., 2004, 2006). The lower ET4 tephra sequence (andesitic and crystal poor) and the upper ET3 tephra (basaltic and crystal rich) represent an inverted snapshot of the magma chamber with contrasting geochemical properties. The ET3 sequence (deeper part of the magma chamber) has nearly constant composition with only a few elements varying stratigraphically (best represented by CaO). This is consistent with gradually decreasing amounts of melt in the upper part of ET3. The lower ET4 tephra (upper part of the magma chamber) contains large chemical gradients in both incompatible and compatible elements. In the present study we use whole-rock geochemical data from the recent tephra sequences ET3 and ET4 as inputs to Polytopic Vector Analysis (PVA) (for a review of this method see Vogel and coworkers, in press). With this method we produce a three end member solution that is consistent with crystallization of Olivine, plagioclase and pyroxene from the most mafic end member (EM1) resulting in a crystal rich mush zone. As crystallization progresses the compositions of the liquids are driven towards an intermediate end member (EM3), which has an intermediate composition liquid. At EM3 composition, rapid depletion of FeO, MgO and TiO2 by crystallization of Fe-Ti oxides, rapidly drives the liquid composition towards the silicic EM1 (incompatible element enriched end member). Using PVA we refine the interpretations of Bolge and coworkers and show that melt from the crystalline rich ET3 tephra was removed and ponded in the magma chamber above the crystalline mush (top part of ET4 unit). Thus when the eruption occurred the most evolved tephra (ET4) were deposited first followed by the least evolved tephra (ET3), which resulted in sampling of a chemically zoned magma chamber. Using PVA on stratigraphically controlled whole-rock analyses of tephra samples, we can unambiguously identify processes and end members that are involved in crystal accumulation and liquid separation processes. Thus PVA is a rigorous analytical tool that uses only whole-rock chemical data to produce robust results that can be used with other analytical techniques to test petrological models.

  20. GRAS notice 733 for Purified steviol glycosides part 2

    Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN)

    ... d()..to. +.'LSl. ct ~ttJ!~~: D : \\ CH . EM32\\ l\\~ATA\\2 J l 6 ~ 09-~~;:1CG002;.o , 'r'\\CVV'I naa~~ .. L' t~ tw~ ~i. i..i./J(ti-. • "'t. c:i.tta.. P.«f pe4t. (J.~" ...

  1. Understanding Economic and Management Sciences Teachers' Conceptions of Sustainable Development

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    America, Carina

    2014-01-01

    Sustainable development has become a key part of the global educational discourse. Education for sustainable development (ESD) specifically is pronounced as an imperative for different curricula and regarded as being critical for teacher education. This article is based on research that was conducted on economic and management sciences (EMS)…

  2. EnvironMentors: Mentoring At-Risk High School Students through University Partnerships

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Monk, Melissa H.; Baustian, Melissa M.; Saari, Courtney R.; Welsh, Susan; D'Elia, Christopher F.; Powers, Joseph E.; Gaston, Suzan; Francis, Pamela

    2014-01-01

    Informal place-based environmental education is a proven approach for increasing environmental awareness for students in urban cities. This article describes and qualitatively evaluates the first two academic years of the EnvironMentors program at Louisiana State University (LSU-EM), which is part of a national network of EnvironMentors programs.…

  3. Downtown Study Centre: An Open-Ended ABE Program in an Urban Shopping Mall

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Harrison, David

    1976-01-01

    Describes an adult basic education facility after one year of operation in an urban shopping mall in Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada. The center is an informal open-ended classroom and advising center where part-time adult learners study an individualized curriculum. Summarizes the major findings of a program evaluation. (EM)

  4. Fractional Diffusion Analysis of the Electromagnetic Field In Fractured Media Part II: 2.5-D Approach

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ge, J.; Everett, M. E.; Weiss, C. J.

    2012-12-01

    A 2.5D finite difference (FD) frequency-domain modeling algorithm based on the theory of fractional diffusion of electromagnetic (EM) fields generated by a loop source lying above a fractured geological medium is addressed in this paper. The presence of fractures in the subsurface, usually containing highly conductive pore fluids, gives rise to spatially hierarchical flow paths of induced EM eddy currents. The diffusion of EM eddy currents in such formations is anomalous, generalizing the classical Gaussian process described by the conventional Maxwell equations. Based on the continuous time random walk (CTRW) theory, the diffusion of EM eddy currents in a rough medium is governed by the fractional Maxwell equations. Here, we model the EM response of a 2D subsurface containing fractured zones, with a 3D loop source, which results the so-called 2.5D model geometry. The governing equation in the frequency domain is converted using Fourier transform into k domain along the strike direction (along which the model conductivity doesn't vary). The resulting equation system is solved by the multifrontal massively parallel solver (MUMPS). The data obtained is then converted back to spatial domain and the time domain. We find excellent agreement between the FD and analytic solutions for a rough halfspace model. Then FD solutions are calculated for a 2D fault zone model with variable conductivity and roughness. We compare the results with responses from several classical models and explore the relationship between the roughness and the spatial density of the fracture distribution.

  5. 3D reconstruction of synapses with deep learning based on EM Images

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Xiao, Chi; Rao, Qiang; Zhang, Dandan; Chen, Xi; Han, Hua; Xie, Qiwei

    2017-03-01

    Recently, due to the rapid development of electron microscope (EM) with its high resolution, stacks delivered by EM can be used to analyze a variety of components that are critical to understand brain function. Since synaptic study is essential in neurobiology and can be analyzed by EM stacks, the automated routines for reconstruction of synapses based on EM Images can become a very useful tool for analyzing large volumes of brain tissue and providing the ability to understand the mechanism of brain. In this article, we propose a novel automated method to realize 3D reconstruction of synapses for Automated Tapecollecting Ultra Microtome Scanning Electron Microscopy (ATUM-SEM) with deep learning. Being different from other reconstruction algorithms, which employ classifier to segment synaptic clefts directly. We utilize deep learning method and segmentation algorithm to obtain synaptic clefts as well as promote the accuracy of reconstruction. The proposed method contains five parts: (1) using modified Moving Least Square (MLS) deformation algorithm and Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) features to register adjacent sections, (2) adopting Faster Region Convolutional Neural Networks (Faster R-CNN) algorithm to detect synapses, (3) utilizing screening method which takes context cues of synapses into consideration to reduce the false positive rate, (4) combining a practical morphology algorithm with a suitable fitting function to segment synaptic clefts and optimize the shape of them, (5) applying the plugin in FIJI to show the final 3D visualization of synapses. Experimental results on ATUM-SEM images demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.

  6. Environmental Cost Analysis System (ECAS) Status and Compliance Requirements for EM Consolidated Business Center Contracts - 13204

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Sanford, P.C.; Moe, M.A.; Hombach, W.G.

    2013-07-01

    The Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Environmental Management (EM) has developed a web-accessible database to collect actual cost data from completed EM projects to support cost estimating and analysis. This Environmental Cost Analysis System (ECAS) database was initially deployed in early 2009 containing the cost and parametric data from 77 decommissioning, restoration, and waste management projects completed under the Rocky Flats Closure Project. In subsequent years we have added many more projects to ECAS and now have a total of 280 projects from 8 major DOE sites. This data is now accessible to DOE users through a web-based reportingmore » tool that allows users to tailor report outputs to meet their specific needs. We are using it as a principal resource supporting the EM Consolidated Business Center (EMCBC) and the EM Applied Cost Engineering (ACE) team cost estimating and analysis efforts across the country. The database has received Government Accountability Office review as supporting its recommended improvements in DOE's cost estimating process, as well as review from the DOE Office of Acquisition and Project Management (APM). Moving forward, the EMCBC has developed a Special Contract Requirement clause or 'H-Clause' to be included in all current and future EMCBC procurements identifying the process that contractors will follow to provide DOE their historical project data in a format compatible with ECAS. Changes to DOE O 413.3B implementation are also in progress to capture historical costs as part of the Critical Decision project closeout process. (authors)« less

  7. Hybrid polymer composite membrane for an electromagnetic (EM) valveless micropump

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Said, Muzalifah Mohd; Yunas, Jumril; Bais, Badariah; Azlan Hamzah, Azrul; Yeop Majlis, Burhanuddin

    2017-07-01

    In this paper, we report on a hybrid membrane used as an actuator in an electromagnetically driven valveless micropump developed using MEMS processes. The membrane structure consists of the combination of a magnetic polymer composite membrane and an attached bulk permanent magnet which is expected to have a compact structure and a strong magnetic force with maintained membrane flexibility. A soft polymeric material made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is initially mixed with neodymium magnetic particles (NdFeB) to form a magnetic polymer composite membrane. The membrane is then bonded with the PDMS based microfluidic part, developed using soft lithography process. The developed micropump was tested in terms of the actuator membrane deflection capability and the fluidic flow of the injected fluid sample through the microfluidic channel. The experimental results show that the magnetic composite actuator membrane with an attached bulk permanent magnet is capable of producing a maximum membrane deflection of up to 106 µm. The functionality test of the electromagnetic (EM) actuator for fluid pumping purposes was done by supplying an AC voltage with various amplitudes, signal waves and frequencies. A wide range of sample injection rates from a few µl min-1 to tens of nl min-1 was achieved with a maximum flow rate of 6.6 µl min-1. The injection flow rate of the EM micropump can be controlled by adjusting the voltage amplitude and frequency supplied to the EM coil, to control the membrane deflection in the pump chamber. The designed valveless EM micropump has a very high potential to enhance the drug delivery system capability in biomedical applications.

  8. Observation of electromigration in a Cu thin line by in situ coherent x-ray diffraction microscopy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Takahashi, Yukio; Nishino, Yoshinori; Furukawa, Hayato; Kubo, Hideto; Yamauchi, Kazuto; Ishikawa, Tetsuya; Matsubara, Eiichiro

    2009-06-01

    Electromigration (EM) in a 1-μm-thick Cu thin line was investigated by in situ coherent x-ray diffraction microscopy (CXDM). Characteristic x-ray speckle patterns due to both EM-induced voids and thermal deformation in the thin line were observed in the coherent x-ray diffraction patterns. Both parts of the voids and the deformation were successfully visualized in the images reconstructed from the diffraction patterns. This result not only represents the first demonstration of the visualization of structural changes in metallic materials by in situ CXDM but is also an important step toward studying the structural dynamics of nanomaterials using x-ray free-electron lasers in the near future.

  9. Climate Prediction Center - Stratosphere: Stratosphere-Troposphere

    Science.gov Websites

    Wave 2 Wave 3 - NH EQ SH NH EQ SH NH EQ SH NH EQ SH NH SH NH SH NH SH NH SH Annual N E S N E S N E S N E S N S N S N S N S JFM N E S N E S N E S N E S N S N S N S N S AMJ N E S N E S N E S N E S N S N S N S N S JAS N E S N E S N E S N E S N S N S N S N S OND N E S N E S N E S N E S N S N S N S N S Past

  10. The effect of tamoxifen and raloxifene on estrogen metabolism and endometrial cancer risk.

    PubMed

    Williams-Brown, Marian Y; Salih, Sana M; Xu, Xia; Veenstra, Timothy D; Saeed, Muhammad; Theiler, Shaleen K; Diaz-Arrastia, Concepcion R; Salama, Salama A

    2011-09-01

    Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) demonstrate differential endometrial cancer (EC) risk. While tamoxifen (TAM) use increases the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and malignancy, raloxifene (RAL) has neutral effects on the uterus. How TAM increases the risk of EC and why TAM and RAL differentially modulate the risk for EC, however, remain elusive. Here, we tested the hypothesis that TAM increases the risk for EC, at least in part, by enhancing the local estrogen biosynthesis and directing estrogen metabolism towards the formation of genotoxic and hormonally active estrogen metabolites. In addition, the differential effects of TAM and RAL in EC risk are attributed to their differential effect on estrogen metabolism/metabolites. The endometrial cancer cell line (Ishikawa cells) and the nonmalignant immortalized human endometrial glandular cell line (EM1) were used for the study. The profile of estrogen/estrogen metabolites (EM), depurinating estrogen-DNA adducts, and the expression of estrogen-metabolizing enzymes in cells treated with 17β-estradiol (E2) alone or in combination with TAM or RAL were investigated using high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS(2)), ultraperformance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), and Western blot analysis, respectively. TAM significantly increased the total EM and enhanced the formation of hormonally active and carcinogenic estrogen metabolites, 4-hydroxestrone (4-OHE1) and 16α-hydroxyestrone, with concomitant reduction in the formation of antiestrogenic and anticarcinogenic 2-hydroxyestradiol and 2-methoxyestradiol. Furthermore, TAM increased the formation of depurinating estrogen-DNA adducts 4-OHE1 [2]-1-N7Guanine and 4-OHE1 [2]-1-N3 Adenine. TAM-induced alteration in EM and depurinating DNA adduct formation is associated with altered expression of estrogen metabolizing enzymes CYP1A1, CYP1B1, COMT, NQO1, and SF-1 as revealed by Western blot analysis. In contrast to TAM, RAL has minimal effect on EM, estrogen-DNA adduct formation, or estrogen-metabolizing enzymes expression. These data show that TAM perturbs the balance of estrogen-metabolizing enzymes and alters the disposition of estrogen metabolites, which can explain, at least in part, the mechanism for TAM-induced EC. These results also implicate the differential effect of TAM and RAL on estrogen metabolism/metabolites as a potential mechanism for their disparate effects on the endometrium. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  11. CFSv2 Seasonal Climate Forecasts

    Science.gov Websites

    Nino3.4 Nino4 E1 (data) E2 (data) E3 (data) E1 (data) E2 (data) E3 (data) E1 (data) E2 (data) E3 (data) E1 (data) E2 (data) E3 (data) E1 (data) E2 (data) E3 (data) E1 (data) E2 (data) E3 (data) E1 (data) E2 (data) E3 (data) E1 (data) E2 (data) E3 (data) E1 (data) E2 (data) E3 (data) Sea surface height and

  12. Conacyt

    Science.gov Websites

    Organismos de Inspección Organismos de Certificación de personas Calidad Acreditación ¿Que es la : Estructuración de la Evaluación de la Conformidad 1.2: Fortalecimiento y articulación de las instituciones Componente 2: Fortalecimiento del Sistema Nacional de Innovación 6: Incorporación de la Innovación en la

  13. SGEM Hot Off the Press: ultrasound during critical care simulation: a randomized crossover study.

    PubMed

    McKenna, Paul; Thoma, Brent; Milne, Ken; Bond, Chris

    2017-01-01

    As part of the Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine's (CJEM) developing social media strategy, 1 we are collaborating with the Skeptics' Guide to Emergency Medicine (SGEM) to summarize and critically appraise the current emergency medicine (EM) literature using evidence-based medicine principles. In the "Hot Off the Press" series, we select original research manuscripts published in CJEM to be featured on the SGEM website/podcast 2 and discussed by the study authors and the online EM community. A similar collaboration is underway between the SGEM and Academic Emergency Medicine. What follows is a summary of the selected article the immediate post-publication synthesis from the SGEM podcast, commentary by the first author, and the subsequent discussion from the SGEM blog and other social media. Through this series, we hope to enhance the value, accessibility, and application of important, clinically relevant EM research. In this, the third SGEM HOP hosted collaboratively with CJEM, we discuss Olszynski et al.'s randomized crossover study evaluating the use of ultrasound simulator devices during critical care simulation. 3.

  14. Berkeley Lab - Materials Sciences Division

    Science.gov Websites

    2018 [PDF] October 2017 [PDF] July 2017 [PDF] April 2017 [PDF] January 2017 [PDF] October 2016 [PDF ] July 2016 [PDF] April 2016 [PDF] January 2016 [PDF] October 2015 [PDF] March 2015 [PDF] December 2014 [PDF] April 2014 [PDF] February 2014 [PDF] September 2013 [PDF] March 2013 [PDF] October, 2012 [PDF

  15. --No Title--

    Science.gov Websites

    -plaintext.form-control-lg,.form-control-plaintext.form-control-sm,.input-group-lg>.form-control-plaintext.form -control,.input-group-lg>.input-group-append>.form-control-plaintext.btn,.input-group-lg>.input -group-append>.form-control-plaintext.input-group-text,.input-group-lg>.input-group-prepend>

  16. ACHP | Case Digest - Protecting Historic Properties: Section 106 in Action

    Science.gov Websites

    Digest index. Previous issues: Summer 2012 (PDF) Spring 2012 (PDF) Winter 2012 (PDF) Fall 2011 (PDF ) Summer 2011 (PDF) Spring 2011 (PDF) Winter 2011 (PDF) Fall 2010 (PDF) Summer 2010 (PDF) Winter 2010 (PDF ) Fall 2009 (PDF) Summer 2009 (PDF) Spring 2009 (PDF) Winter 2009 (PDF) Fall 2008 (PDF) Summer 2008 (PDF

  17. The network construction of CSELF for earthquake monitoring and its preliminary observation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tang, J.; Zhao, G.; Chen, X.; Bing, H.; Wang, L.; Zhan, Y.; Xiao, Q.; Dong, Z.

    2017-12-01

    The Electromagnetic (EM) anomaly in short-term earthquake precursory is most sensitive physical phenomena. Scientists believe that EM monitoring for earthquake is one of the most promising means of forecasting. However, existing ground-base EM observation confronted with increasing impact cultural noises, and the lack of a frequency range of higher than 1Hz observations. Control source of extremely low frequency (CSELF) EM is a kind of good prospective new approach. It not only has many advantages with high S/N ratio, large coverage area, probing depth ect., thereby facilitating the identification and capture anomaly signal, and it also can be used to study the electromagnetic field variation and to study the crustal medium changes of the electric structure.The first CSELF EM network for earthquake precursory monitoring with 30 observatories in China has been constructed. The observatories distribute in Beijing surrounding area and in the southern part of North-South Seismic Zone. GMS-07 system made by Metronix is equipped at each station. The observation mixed CSELF and nature source, that is, if during the control source is off transmitted, the nature source EM signal will be recorded. In genernal, there are 3 5 frequencies signals in the 0.1-300Hz frequency band will be transmit in every morning and evening in a fixed time (length 2 hours). Besides time, natural field to extend the frequency band (0.001 1000 Hz) will be observed by using 3 sample frequencies, 4096Hz sampling rate for HF, 256Hz for MF and 16Hz for LF. The low frequency band records continuously all-day and the high and medium frequency band use a slices record, the data records by cycling acquisition in every 10 minutes with length of about 4 to 8 seconds and 64 to 128 seconds , respectively. All the data is automatically processed by server installed in the observatory. The EDI file including EM field spectrums and MT responses and time series files will be sent the data center by internet. There shows observation data since the network set up. We get some EM field spectrum variations and the apparent resistivity changes of different frequencies with time on observatories. They show some regular and irregular changes. This study is supported by The ELF Engineering Project of China (15212Z0000001), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41674081) etc.

  18. Does real-time objective feedback and competition improve performance and quality in manikin CPR training--a prospective observational study from several European EMS.

    PubMed

    Smart, J R; Kranz, K; Carmona, F; Lindner, T W; Newton, A

    2015-10-15

    Previous studies have reported that the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is important for patient survival. Real time objective feedback during manikin training has been shown to improve CPR performance. Objective measurement could facilitate competition and help motivate participants to improve their CPR performance. The aims of this study were to investigate whether real time objective feedback on manikins helps improve CPR performance and whether competition between separate European Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and between participants at each EMS helps motivation to train. Ten European EMS took part in the study and was carried out in two stages. At Stage 1, each EMS provided 20 pre-hospital professionals. A questionnaire was completed and standardised assessment scenarios were performed for adult and infant out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). CPR performance was objectively measured and recorded but no feedback given. Between Stage 1 and 2, each EMS was given access to manikins for 6 months and instructed on how to use with objective real-time CPR feedback available. Stage 2 was undertaken and was a repeat of Stage 1 with a questionnaire with additional questions relating to usefulness of feedback and the competition nature of the study (using a 10 point Likert score). The EMS that improved the most from Stage 1 to Stage 2 was declared the winner. An independent samples Student t-test was used to analyse the objective CPR metrics with the significance level taken as p < 0.05. Overall mean Improvement of CPR performance from Stage 1 to Stage 2 was significant. The improvement was greater for the infant assessment. The participants thought the real-time feedback very useful (mean score of 8.5) and very easy to use (mean score of 8.2). Competition between EMS organisations recorded a mean score of 5.8 and competition between participants recorded a mean score of 6.0. The results suggest that the use of real time objective feedback can significantly help improve CPR performance. Competition, especially between participants, appeared to encourage staff to practice and this study suggests that competition might have a useful role to help motivate staff to perform CPR training.

  19. Availability and affordability of essential medicines for children in the Western part of Ethiopia: implication for access.

    PubMed

    Sado, Edao; Sufa, Alemu

    2016-03-15

    Essential medicines (EMs) are those medicines which satisfy the priority health care needs of the population. Although it is a fundamental human right, access to essential medicines has been a big challenge in developing countries particularly for children. WHO recommends assessing the current situations on availability and affordability of EMs as the first step towards enhancing access to them. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess access to EMs for children based on availability, affordability, and price. We adapted the WHO and Health Action International tools to measure availability, affordability, and prices of EMs. We collected data on 22 EMs for children from 15 public to 40 private sectors' drug outlets in east Wollega zone. Availability was expressed as percentage of drug outlets per sector that stocked surveyed medicines on the day of data collection, and prices were expressed as median price ratio. Affordability was measured as the number of daily wages required for the lowest-paid government unskilled worker (1.04 US $per day) to purchase one standard treatment of an acute condition or treatment for a chronic condition for a month. The average availability of essential medicines was 43 % at public and 42.8 % at private sectors. Lowest priced medicines were sold at median of 1.18 and 1.54 times their international reference prices (IRP) in the public and private sectors, respectively. Half of these medicines were priced at 0.90 to 1.3 in the public sector and 1.23 to 2.07 in the private sector times their respective IRP. Patient prices were 36 % times higher in the private sector than in the public sector. Medicines were unaffordable for treatment of common conditions prevalent in the zone at both public and private sectors as they cost a day or more days' wages for the lowest paid government unskilled worker. Access to EMs to children is hampered by low availability and high price which is unaffordable. Thus, further study on larger scale is critical to identify acute areas for policy interventions such as price and or supply, and to enhance access to EMs to children.

  20. Análise sobre o Conhecimento de um Grupo de Alunos do Ensino Médio da Rede Estadual de São Paulo sobre Termos e Fenômenos Astronômicos do Cotidiano

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    de Oliveira, E. F.; Voelzke, M. R.; Amaral, L. H.

    2007-08-01

    Embora os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais do Ensino Médio (PCN-EM) e as orientações complementares a esses Parâmetros (PCN+) apontem a importância de uma abordagem significativa de conceitos relacionados à astronomia nas aulas de Física, muitos estudantes terminam o Ensino Médio (EM) sem compreender a razão de certos acontecimentos de origem celeste, ainda que estes façam parte de seu cotidiano. Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar os conhecimentos básicos em astronomia dos alunos de EM da escola estadual Batista Renzi, bem como investigar os meios através dos quais estes conhecimentos foram adquiridos. Para tanto foi elaborado um questionário de múltipla escolha aplicado a 310 alunos distribuídos entre as três séries do EM dos períodos matutino e noturno. Dessa forma, observou-se que apenas 34,5% relacionaram as estações do ano à inclinação do eixo de rotação da Terra, 21,3% indicaram a influência gravitacional da Lua e do Sol como responsáveis pelo fenômeno das marés, 24,5% indicaram corretamente quais são os objetos celestes mais próximos da Terra, 36,1% identificaram ano-luz como uma medida de distância e 34,2% reconheceram uma estrela cadente como meteoro. Em contrapartida, 67,1% compreendiam a sucessão entre dia e noite, 73,9% identificaram o Sol como estrela e 52,3% relacionaram o Big Bang à origem do Universo. Além disso, foram comparadas as respostas de alunos de diferentes séries e períodos, observando-se, dentre outras coisas, que os estudantes do terceiro ano apresentam um percentual de acertos semelhante ao dos alunos do primeiro, caracterizando que a abordagem de tópicos relacionados à astronomia no EM não tem contribuído para uma maior compreensão dos fenômenos e conceitos.

  1. TandEM: Titan and Enceladus mission

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Coustenis, A.; Atreya, S.K.; Balint, T.; Brown, R.H.; Dougherty, M.K.; Ferri, F.; Fulchignoni, M.; Gautier, D.; Gowen, R.A.; Griffith, C.A.; Gurvits, L.I.; Jaumann, R.; Langevin, Y.; Leese, M.R.; Lunine, J.I.; McKay, C.P.; Moussas, X.; Muller-Wodarg, I.; Neubauer, F.; Owen, T.C.; Raulin, F.; Sittler, E.C.; Sohl, F.; Sotin, Christophe; Tobie, G.; Tokano, T.; Turtle, E.P.; Wahlund, J.-E.; Waite, J.H.; Baines, K.H.; Blamont, J.; Coates, A.J.; Dandouras, I.; Krimigis, T.; Lellouch, E.; Lorenz, R.D.; Morse, A.; Porco, C.C.; Hirtzig, M.; Saur, J.; Spilker, T.; Zarnecki, J.C.; Choi, E.; Achilleos, N.; Amils, R.; Annan, P.; Atkinson, D.H.; Benilan, Y.; Bertucci, C.; Bezard, B.; Bjoraker, G.L.; Blanc, M.; Boireau, L.; Bouman, J.; Cabane, M.; Capria, M.T.; Chassefiere, E.; Coll, P.; Combes, M.; Cooper, J.F.; Coradini, A.; Crary, F.; Cravens, T.; Daglis, I.A.; de Angelis, E.; De Bergh, C.; de Pater, I.; Dunford, C.; Durry, G.; Dutuit, O.; Fairbrother, D.; Flasar, F.M.; Fortes, A.D.; Frampton, R.; Fujimoto, M.; Galand, M.; Grasset, O.; Grott, M.; Haltigin, T.; Herique, A.; Hersant, F.; Hussmann, H.; Ip, W.; Johnson, R.; Kallio, E.; Kempf, S.; Knapmeyer, M.; Kofman, W.; Koop, R.; Kostiuk, T.; Krupp, N.; Kuppers, M.; Lammer, H.; Lara, L.-M.; Lavvas, P.; Le, Mouelic S.; Lebonnois, S.; Ledvina, S.; Li, Ji; Livengood, T.A.; Lopes, R.M.; Lopez-Moreno, J. -J.; Luz, D.; Mahaffy, P.R.; Mall, U.; Martinez-Frias, J.; Marty, B.; McCord, T.; Salvan, C.M.; Milillo, A.; Mitchell, D.G.; Modolo, R.; Mousis, O.; Nakamura, M.; Neish, Catherine D.; Nixon, C.A.; Mvondo, D.N.; Orton, G.; Paetzold, M.; Pitman, J.; Pogrebenko, S.; Pollard, W.; Prieto-Ballesteros, O.; Rannou, P.; Reh, K.; Richter, L.; Robb, F.T.; Rodrigo, R.; Rodriguez, S.; Romani, P.; Bermejo, M.R.; Sarris, E.T.; Schenk, P.; Schmitt, B.; Schmitz, N.; Schulze-Makuch, D.; Schwingenschuh, K.; Selig, A.; Sicardy, B.; Soderblom, L.; Spilker, L.J.; Stam, D.; Steele, A.; Stephan, K.; Strobel, D.F.; Szego, K.; Szopa,

    2009-01-01

    TandEM was proposed as an L-class (large) mission in response to ESA’s Cosmic Vision 2015–2025 Call, and accepted for further studies, with the goal of exploring Titan and Enceladus. The mission concept is to perform in situ investigations of two worlds tied together by location and properties, whose remarkable natures have been partly revealed by the ongoing Cassini–Huygens mission. These bodies still hold mysteries requiring a complete exploration using a variety of vehicles and instruments. TandEM is an ambitious mission because its targets are two of the most exciting and challenging bodies in the Solar System. It is designed to build on but exceed the scientific and technological accomplishments of the Cassini–Huygens mission, exploring Titan and Enceladus in ways that are not currently possible (full close-up and in situ coverage over long periods of time). In the current mission architecture, TandEM proposes to deliver two medium-sized spacecraft to the Saturnian system. One spacecraft would be an orbiter with a large host of instruments which would perform several Enceladus flybys and deliver penetrators to its surface before going into a dedicated orbit around Titan alone, while the other spacecraft would carry the Titan in situ investigation components, i.e. a hot-air balloon (Montgolfière) and possibly several landing probes to be delivered through the atmosphere.

  2. TandEM: Titan and Enceladus mission

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Coustenis, A.; Atreya, S. K.; Balint, T.; Brown, R. H.; Dougherty, M. K.; Ferri, F.; Fulchignoni, M.; Gautier, D.; Gowen, R. A.; Griffith, C. A.; Gurvits, L. I.; Jaumann, R.; Langevin, Y.; Leese, M. R.; Lunine, J. I.; McKay, C. P.; Moussas, X.; Müller-Wodarg, I.; Neubauer, F.; Owen, T. C.; Raulin, F.; Sittler, E. C.; Sohl, F.; Sotin, C.; Tobie, G.; Tokano, T.; Turtle, E. P.; Wahlund, J.-E.; Waite, J. H.; Baines, K. H.; Blamont, J.; Coates, A. J.; Dandouras, I.; Krimigis, T.; Lellouch, E.; Lorenz, R. D.; Morse, A.; Porco, C. C.; Hirtzig, M.; Saur, J.; Spilker, T.; Zarnecki, J. C.; Choi, E.; Achilleos, N.; Amils, R.; Annan, P.; Atkinson, D. H.; Bénilan, Y.; Bertucci, C.; Bézard, B.; Bjoraker, G. L.; Blanc, M.; Boireau, L.; Bouman, J.; Cabane, M.; Capria, M. T.; Chassefière, E.; Coll, P.; Combes, M.; Cooper, J. F.; Coradini, A.; Crary, F.; Cravens, T.; Daglis, I. A.; de Angelis, E.; de Bergh, C.; de Pater, I.; Dunford, C.; Durry, G.; Dutuit, O.; Fairbrother, D.; Flasar, F. M.; Fortes, A. D.; Frampton, R.; Fujimoto, M.; Galand, M.; Grasset, O.; Grott, M.; Haltigin, T.; Herique, A.; Hersant, F.; Hussmann, H.; Ip, W.; Johnson, R.; Kallio, E.; Kempf, S.; Knapmeyer, M.; Kofman, W.; Koop, R.; Kostiuk, T.; Krupp, N.; Küppers, M.; Lammer, H.; Lara, L.-M.; Lavvas, P.; Le Mouélic, S.; Lebonnois, S.; Ledvina, S.; Li, J.; Livengood, T. A.; Lopes, R. M.; Lopez-Moreno, J.-J.; Luz, D.; Mahaffy, P. R.; Mall, U.; Martinez-Frias, J.; Marty, B.; McCord, T.; Menor Salvan, C.; Milillo, A.; Mitchell, D. G.; Modolo, R.; Mousis, O.; Nakamura, M.; Neish, C. D.; Nixon, C. A.; Nna Mvondo, D.; Orton, G.; Paetzold, M.; Pitman, J.; Pogrebenko, S.; Pollard, W.; Prieto-Ballesteros, O.; Rannou, P.; Reh, K.; Richter, L.; Robb, F. T.; Rodrigo, R.; Rodriguez, S.; Romani, P.; Ruiz Bermejo, M.; Sarris, E. T.; Schenk, P.; Schmitt, B.; Schmitz, N.; Schulze-Makuch, D.; Schwingenschuh, K.; Selig, A.; Sicardy, B.; Soderblom, L.; Spilker, L. J.; Stam, D.; Steele, A.; Stephan, K.; Strobel, D. F.; Szego, K.; Szopa, C.; Thissen, R.; Tomasko, M. G.; Toublanc, D.; Vali, H.; Vardavas, I.; Vuitton, V.; West, R. A.; Yelle, R.; Young, E. F.

    2009-03-01

    TandEM was proposed as an L-class (large) mission in response to ESA’s Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 Call, and accepted for further studies, with the goal of exploring Titan and Enceladus. The mission concept is to perform in situ investigations of two worlds tied together by location and properties, whose remarkable natures have been partly revealed by the ongoing Cassini-Huygens mission. These bodies still hold mysteries requiring a complete exploration using a variety of vehicles and instruments. TandEM is an ambitious mission because its targets are two of the most exciting and challenging bodies in the Solar System. It is designed to build on but exceed the scientific and technological accomplishments of the Cassini-Huygens mission, exploring Titan and Enceladus in ways that are not currently possible (full close-up and in situ coverage over long periods of time). In the current mission architecture, TandEM proposes to deliver two medium-sized spacecraft to the Saturnian system. One spacecraft would be an orbiter with a large host of instruments which would perform several Enceladus flybys and deliver penetrators to its surface before going into a dedicated orbit around Titan alone, while the other spacecraft would carry the Titan in situ investigation components, i.e. a hot-air balloon (Montgolfière) and possibly several landing probes to be delivered through the atmosphere.

  3. Mapping the involvement of BA 4a and 4p during Motor Imagery.

    PubMed

    Sharma, Nikhil; Jones, P S; Carpenter, T A; Baron, Jean-Claude

    2008-05-15

    Motor Imagery (MI) is an attractive but intriguing means to access the motor network. There are marked inconsistencies in the functional imaging literature regarding the degree, extent and distribution of the primary motor cortex (BA 4) involvement during MI as compared to Executed Movement (EM), which may in part be related to the diverse role of BA 4 and its two subdivisions (i.e., 4a and 4p) in motor processes as well as to methodological issues. Here we used fMRI with monitoring of compliance to show that in healthy volunteers optimally screened for their ability to perform MI the contralateral BA 4 is involved during MI of a finger opposition sequence (2, 3, 4, 5; paced at 1 Hz), albeit less than during EM of the same sequence, and in a location sparing the hand area. Furthermore, both 4a and 4p subdivisions were found to be involved in MI, but the relative involvement of BA 4p appeared more robust and closer to that seen with EM. We suggest that during MI the role of BA 4 and its subdivisions may be non-executive, perhaps related to spatial encoding, though clearly further studies are needed. Finally, we report a similar hemispheric activation balance within BA 4 with both tasks, which extends the commonalities between EM and MI.

  4. The gill microbiota of invasive and indigenous Spondylus oysters from the Mediterranean Sea and northern Red Sea.

    PubMed

    Roterman, Yahala Rina; Benayahu, Yehuda; Reshef, Lea; Gophna, Uri

    2015-12-01

    The gill tissue of bivalve mollusks hosts rich symbiotic microbial communities that may contribute to the animal's metabolism. Spondylus spinosus is an invasive oyster that has become highly abundant along the eastern Mediterranean Sea (EMS) coastline, but is scarce in the northern Red Sea (NRS), its indigenous region. The composition and seasonal dynamics of the gill microbial communities of S. spinosus were examined in both regions, using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Additionally, two Red Sea Spondylus species, S. avramsingeri and S. pickeringae, were investigated using the same approach. Significant differences were found between microbial communities of the EMS S. spinosus and the three NRS species. Bacteria from the family Hahellaceae dominated the communities of the EMS S. spinosus and the NRS S. avramsingeri, oysters that are dominant in their habitat, yet were rare in the NRS S. spinosus and S. pickeringae, which are only seldom encountered. Bacterial communities of EMS S. spinosus were more similar to those of NRS S. spinosus than to those of other NRS Spondylus species, indicating that either part of the microbiota had co-invaded with their host into the Mediterranean Sea, or that there are species-specific selective constraints on microbial composition. © 2015 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  5. Tsunami process: From upper mantle to atmosphere

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ershov, S.; Mikhaylovskaya, I.; Novik, O.

    Earthquakes in near sea regions and/or tsunamis are manifestations of powerful geodynamic processes beneath the Ocean floor (75 % of the Earth' surface). An effective monitoring of these large-scale processes is not possible without satellites as well as without understanding of physical nature of signals accompanying these processes, e.g. connection between parameters of a seismic excitation in ocean lithosphere and electromagnetic (EM) signals in atmosphere. Basing on the theory of elasticity, electrodynamics, fluid dynamics and geophysical data we formulate a nonlinear mathematical model of generation and propagation of seismo-EM signals in the basin of a marginal sea including transfer of seismic and EM energy from upper mantle to hydrosphere and EM emission into atmosphere up to ionosphere domain D. For a model basin approximately similar to the central part of the Sea of Japan, we calculate signals caused by moderate elastic displacements (EDs): the ampl of a few cm, the main freq. 0.01-10 Hz and duration up to 10 sec (by runs with different acceptable data) which are supposed to be arising at the moment t=0 at the bottom of the upper mantle layer M. The EM signal appears near the bottom of the conductive (0.02 S/m) layer M and reaches for the sea bottom by t=3.5 sec with the ampl. Of 50 pT. This signal propagate in sea water (4 S/m) rather slowly and seems to be "frozen": its front is located near the sea bottom and is replicating the bottom's configuration up to the moment (t=5.2 sec) of the seismic P wave (from M) arrival at the sea bottom. The EM field is generated in seismically disturbed sea water in presence of the geomagnetic field" a specific structure of a seismo-hydrodynamic flow, a spatial break of the diffusive magnetic field, joining of its contours, and other details of the seismo-hydro-EM tsunami process are shown to clear out the out the physical nature of its signals. By the moderate EDs (above), the magnetic signal (freq. 0.01-10 Hz, i.e. the same as the EDs' freq.) is of order of a few hundreds of pT at the ocean-atmosphere interface and of order of a few tens of hydrodynamic wave's amplitude far from the shore is too small (20 cm) and EM observations are needed to discover this threatening wave. The computed signals' characteristics are of orders observed. The recommendations for the EM monitoring (at a sea bottom, surface, and atmosphere) of seismic excitations in ocean lithosphere and tsunamis are given.

  6. Electromagnetic outline of the Solfatara-Pisciarelli hydrothermal system, Campi Flegrei (Southern Italy)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Troiano, Antonio; Giulia Di Giuseppe, Maria; Patella, Domenico; Troise, Claudia; De Natale, Giuseppe

    2014-05-01

    We describe the results from a combined CSAMT and MT survey carried out in the Solfatara-Pisciarelli area, located in the central part of the Campi Flegrei composite caldera, west of Naples, Southern Italy. The Solfatara-Pisciarelli area represents the most active zone within the CF area, in terms of hydrothermal manifestations and local seismicity. Since 1969, the caldera is experiencing ground deformation, seismicity and geochemical fluid changes, which are particularly evident in this area. A 1 km long, nearly W-E directed CSAMT-MT profile crossing the fumaroles field was carried out with the aim of deducting an EM model of the structural setting of the hydrothermal system in the first 3 km depth. An interpretation of the EM modelled section is given in this paper, taking advantage from already existing seismic, gravity and geochemical data in the same area. Three well distinct EM zones have been outlined. The first EM zone is a very shallow, electrically conductive body localized beneath the westernmost segment of the profile, which, within a short distance of about 100 m, dips westwards from near surface down to some hundred metres depth. Mostly accounting for the very low resistivity (1-10 Ωm) and the exceedingly high values of vP/vS (>4), this shallow zone has been ascribed to a water-saturated, high-pressurized geothermal reservoir. The second EM zone, which has been localized below the west-central portion of the EM transect, appears as a composite body made of a nearly vertical plumelike structure that escapes at about 2.25 km depth from the top edge of the east side of a presumably horizontal platelike body. The plumelike structure rises up to the free surface in correspondence of the fumaroles field, whereas the platelike structure deepens at least down to the 3 km of maximum EM exploration depth. The combined interpretation of resistivity, wave velocity, gravity and geochemical data indicates the plumelike portion is likely associated with a steam/gas-saturated column and the platelike portion to a high temperature (>300°C), over-pressurized, gas-saturated reservoir. Finally, the third EM zone, which has been localized beneath the eastern half of the EM transect, from about 1.2 km down to about 3 km of depth, is also characterized by the lowest resistivity values (1-10 Ωm). When jointly interpreted with seismic and gravity data, this feature can be associated to a hydrothermally mineralized, clay-rich body.

  7. Periodic Table of Elements: Los Alamos National Laboratory

    Science.gov Websites

    , Communication Specialist talks about the Periodic Table of Elements 7/17/17 Back to Elements List Fermium is process, but the identification of Pu-244 raised the possibility that still more neutrons could have been discovery of the new elements, and the new data on neutron capture, was kept secret on the orders of the U.S

  8. Staff - Trystan M. Herriott | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

    Science.gov Websites

    sandstone interval in outcrop of the Tonnie Siltstone Member, Chinitna Formation, lower Cook Inlet, south Paveloff Siltstone Member of the Chinitna Formation: Exploring the potential role of facies variations in member of the Upper Jurassic Naknek Formation, northern Chinitna Bay, Alaska, in Wartes, M.A., ed

  9. EM calibration based on Post OPC layout analysis

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sreedhar, Aswin; Kundu, Sandip

    2010-03-01

    Design for Manufacturability (DFM) involves changes to the design and CAD tools to help increase pattern printability and improve process control. Design for Reliability (DFR) performs the same to improve reliability of devices from failures such as Electromigration (EM), gate-oxide break down, hot carrier injection (HCI), Negative Bias Temperature Insatiability (NBTI) and mechanical stress effects. Electromigration (EM) occurs due to migration or displacement of atoms as a result of the movement of electrons through a conducting medium. The rate of migration determines the Mean Time to Failure (MTTF) which is modeled as a function of temperature and current density. The model itself is calibrated through failure analysis (FA) of parts that are deemed to have failed due to EM against design parameters such as linewidth. Reliability Verification (RV) of a design involves verifying that every conducting line in a design meets certain MTTF threshold. In order to perform RV, current density for each wire must be computed. Current itself is a function of the parasitics that are determined through RC extraction. The standard practice is to perform the RC extraction and current density calculation on drawn, pre-OPC layouts. If a wire fails to meet threshold for MTTF, it may be resized. Subsequently, mask preparation steps such as OPC and PSM introduce extra features such as SRAFs, jogs,hammerheads and serifs that change their resistance, capacitance and current density values. Hence, calibrating EM model based on pre-OPC layouts will lead to different results compared to post-OPC layouts. In this work, we compare EM model calibration and reliability check based on drawn layout versus predicted layout, where the drawn layout is pre-OPC layout and predicted layout is based on litho simulation of post-OPC layout. Results show significant divergence between these two approaches, making a case for methodology based on predicted layout.

  10. NOAA Weather Radio

    Science.gov Websites

    . -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- La DESCRIPCIÓN DE COLUMNAS EN TABLAS DE ESTADOS Al hacer un clic en un estado o territorio de la la radio. (Todas áreas de ahora en adelante serán llamados condados.) Entonces la radio les mensaje de la emisión, los oyentes oirán un corto estallido estático digital que señala el fin del

  11. Application of Picosecond and Light Scattering Spectroscopies to the Study of Energetic Materials.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1980-09-11

    Conference in Paris, 1971, p. 488; also Flammarion , 1971. 23. Mitchell, R.S. and Guillet, J.E., Journal of Polymer Science. Part A-2; Polymer Physics...Solids," Proceedings of the International Conference in Paris, 1971, p. ); also Flammarion , 1971. 26. Dil, J.G. and Brody, E.M., Physical Review B

  12. United States Nuclear Data Program (USNDP)

    Science.gov Websites

    Report FY 2016 Annual Report FY 2015 Annual Report FY 2014 Annual Report FY 2013 Annual Report FY 2012 Annual Report FY 2011 Annual Report FY 2010 Annual Report FY 2009 Annual Report FY 2008 Annual Report FY 2007 Annual Report FY 2006 Annual Report FY 2005 Annual Report FY 2004 Final Report FY 2003 Final

  13. Staff - Nina T. Harun | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys

    Science.gov Websites

    mapping of the Upper Jurassic Naknek Formation in a footwall syncline associated with the Bruin Bay fault Ivishak Formation in the northeastern Brooks Range, Alaska: University of Alaska Fairbanks, M.S. thesis Triassic Ivishak Formation in the Sadlerochit Mountains, northeastern Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological

  14. NOAA Weather Radio

    Science.gov Websites

    televisión afuera o dentro de la casa. Todos éstos pueden mejorar recepción a cualquier radio de FM , incluso NWR. Cualquier pregunta específica sobre la recepción (o falta de ella) en su sitio debe Search For Go NWS All NOAA NWR Recepción El área de la recepción nominal para un receptor de Radio

  15. Discovery of kimberlite in a magnetically noisy environment: a case study of the Syferfontein and Goedgevonden kimberlites (Invited)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Webb, S. J.; Van Buren, R.

    2013-12-01

    Airborne geophysical methods play an important role in the exploration for kimberlites. As regions become more intensively explored, smaller kimberlites, which can be extremely difficult to find, are being targeted. These smaller kimberlites, as evidenced by the M-1 Maarsfontein pipe in the Klipspringer cluster in South Africa, can be highly profitable. The Goedgevonden and Syferfontein pipes are small kimberlites (~0.2 ha) ~25 km NNE of Klerksdorp in South Africa. The Goedgevonden pipe has been known since the 1930s and is diamondiferous, but not commercially viable due to small stone size and low quality of stones. In the early 1990s, Gold Fields used this pipe as a typical kimberlite to collect example geophysical data. The nearby (~1 km to the east) Syferfontein pipe is not diamondiferous but was discovered in 1994 as part of a speculative airborne EM survey conducted by Gold Fields and Geodass (now CGG) as part of their case study investigations. Both kimberlites have had extensive ground geophysical survey data collected and have prominent magnetic, gravity and EM responses that aided in the delineation of the pipes. These pipes represent a realistic and challenging case study target due to their small size and the magnetically noisy environment into which they have been emplaced. The discovery of the Syferfontein pipe in 1994 stimulated further testing of airborne methods, especially as the surface was undisturbed. These pipes are located in a region that hosts highly variably magnetized Hospital Hill shales, dolerite dykes and Ventersdorp lavas, a 2-3 m thick resistive ferricrete cap and significant cultural features such as an electric railroad and high tension power line. Although the kimberlites both show prominent magnetic anomalies on ground surveys, the airborne data are significantly noisy and the pipes do not show up as well determined targets. However, the clay-rich weathered zone of the pipes provides an ideal target for the EM method, and both pipes have significant responses on the DIGHEM system. The HELITEM, helicopter borne time domain EM system also clearly mapped both pipes as did the TEMPEST time domain system from a fixed wing platform. Although there are other EM anomalies in the area, these are easily associated with dykes in the area based on joint interpretation with the aeromagnetic data. The lack of kimberlite exploration in this region is likely due to the lack of alluvial diamonds, the magnetically noisy environment, and the well-developed ferricrete and calcrete layers on surface which trap and resorb heavy minerals such as garnet, traditionally used in soil sampling. In this challenging environment, airborne EM combined with magnetic and ground geophysical methods for ground truthing are viable exploration methods.

  16. Fermilab Today - Related Content

    Science.gov Websites

    Fermilab Today Related Content Subscribe | Contact Fermilab Today | Archive | Classifieds Search Experiment Profiles Current Archive Current Fermilab Today Archive of 2015 Archive of 2014 Archive of 2013 Archive of 2012 Archive of 2011 Archive of 2010 Archive of 2009 Archive of 2008 Archive of 2007 Archive of

  17. Neutron Scattering Reference

    Science.gov Websites

    Conversion Factors Periodic Table of the Elements Chart of the Nuclides Map of the Nuclides Computer Index of (Atominstitut der Österreichischen Universitäten) Neutron Activation Table of Elements Neutron Scattering at neutronsources.org. The information contained here in the Neutron Scattering Web has been

  18. Homepage

    Science.gov Websites

    Reading List Chief of Staff of the Air Force Professional Reading List Menu + Leadership Gateway Force Archives Reading List 2016 Reading List 2015 Reading List 2014 Reading List 2013 Reading List 2012 Reading List 2011 Reading List 2010 Reading List 2009 Reading List 2008 Reading List 2007 Resources Site

  19. Defense.gov Special Report: National Disability Employment Awareness Month

    Science.gov Websites

    service at the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, DeLisa L. Kviz currently works as chief ... Profile photo of of service with the Department of the Navy, including over 11 years ... Profile photo of Ivan E is a technical information specialist in the Analysis and ... Profile photo of Chad A. Molenhour

  20. Electromagnetic Attenuation Characteristics of Microbial Materials in the Infrared Band.

    PubMed

    Wang, Peng; Liu, Hongxia; Zhao, Yizheng; Gu, Youlin; Chen, Wei; Wang, Li; Li, Le; Zhao, Xinying; Lei, Wuhu; Hu, Yihua; Zheng, Zhiming

    2016-09-01

    In this study, seven microbial materials (entomogenous fungi Bb3088 mycelia, entomogenous fungi Bb3088 spores, entomogenous fungi Ma2677 mycelia, entomogenous fungi Ma2677 spores, Bacillus subtilis 8204, Staphylococcus aureus 6725, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1025) were used to measure electromagnetic (EM) signal extinction. They were subjected to light absorption and reflection measurements in the range of 4000-400 cm(-1) (2.5-25 µm) using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The specular reflection spectrum method was used to calculate the real (n) and imaginary (k) parts of the complex refractive index. The complex refractive index with real part n and imaginary part k in the infrared band satisfies the following conditions n ≥ 1 and k ≥ 0. The mass extinction coefficient was calculated based on Mie theory. Entomogenous fungi Ma2677 spores and entomogenous fungi Bb3088 spores were selected as EM signal extinction materials in the smoke box test. The transmittances of entomogenous fungi Bb3088 spores and entomogenous fungi Ma2677 spores were 11.63% and 5.42%, and the mass extinction coefficients were 1.8337 m(2)/g and 1.227 m(2)/g. These results showed that entomogenous fungi Bb3088 spores and entomogenous fungi Ma2677 spores have higher extinction characteristics than other microbial materials. © The Author(s) 2016.

  1. Owen Barwell - Chief Financial Officer | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    Owen Barwell - Chief Financial Officer Owen Barwell - Chief Financial Officer A photo of Owen , analysis, and management. He previously served as the Acting Chief Financial Officer and Deputy Chief Financial Officer of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), where he was directly responsible for DOE's

  2. Smoot Cosmology Group

    Science.gov Websites

    . ___________________________________________________________________________________ What do the different colors on the map of the CMB represent? Although the temperature of the CMB is The most conclusive and carefully examined evidence for The Big Bang is the existence of an isotropic radiation bath that permeates the entirety of the universe known as the cosmic microwave

  3. Automotive Research Center

    Science.gov Websites

    | photos Web page Web page 2016 PDF | photos Web page Web page 2015 PDF | photos | video Web page Web page 2014 PDF | photos | videos Web page Web page 2013 PDF | photos Web page Web page 2012 PDF | photos Web page Web page 2011 PDF | photos PDF Web page 2010 PDF PDF PDF 2009 PDF PDF PDF 2008 PDF PDF PDF 2007

  4. NOAA Weather Radio - EAS Description

    Science.gov Websites

    Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing ±ol Condado de cobertura Listado de estación Lista de Emisora y Cobertura Acerca de NWR ESTACIONES NACIONAL Información General Información Para el consumidor receptor NWR Recepción Explicacion de NWR

  5. NOAA Weather Radio - Outage Reporting

    Science.gov Websites

    Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing ±ol Condado de cobertura Listado de estación Lista de Emisora y Cobertura Acerca de NWR ESTACIONES NACIONAL Información General Información Para el consumidor receptor NWR Recepción Explicacion de NWR

  6. NOAA Weather Radio

    Science.gov Websites

    Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing Condado de cobertura Listado de estación Lista de Emisora y Cobertura Acerca de NWR ESTACIONES NACIONAL Información General Información Para el consumidor receptor NWR Recepción Explicacion de NWR SAME

  7. NOAA Weather Radio - Reception Problems

    Science.gov Websites

    Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing ±ol Condado de cobertura Listado de estación Lista de Emisora y Cobertura Acerca de NWR ESTACIONES NACIONAL Información General Información Para el consumidor receptor NWR Recepción Explicacion de NWR

  8. NOAA Weather Radio

    Science.gov Websites

    Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing interés abajo de dentro de la lista entera del archivo nacional Transmisores de NWR en los Estados ±ol Condado de cobertura Listado de estación Lista de Emisora y Cobertura Acerca de NWR ESTACIONES

  9. AF family shares experience with child's autism > U.S. Air Force >

    Science.gov Websites

    Reading List 2017 CSAF Reading List 2016 CSAF Reading List 2015 CSAF Reading List 2014 CSAF Reading List 2013 CSAF Reading List 2012 CSAF Reading List 2011 CSAF Reading List 2010 CSAF Reading List 2009 CSAF Reading List 2008 CSAF Reading List 2007 CSAF Reading List 2006 CSAF Reading List 50 Years of the CMSAF

  10. X-Ray Data Booklet

    Science.gov Websites

    X-RAY DATA BOOKLET Center for X-ray Optics and Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Introduction X-Ray Properties of Elements Electron Binding Energies X-Ray Energy Emission Energies Table of X-Ray Properties Synchrotron Radiation Characteristics of Synchrotron Radiation History of X

  11. Air and Pesticides

    Science.gov Websites

    Pesticides and Human Health Pesticide Incidents What Happens to Pesticides Released into the Environment Pesticides and Human Health Pesticide Incidents What Happens to Pesticides Released into the Environment ; Environment Human Health Animal Health Safe Use Practices Food Safety Environment Air Water Soil Wildlife

  12. Smoot Cosmology Group

    Science.gov Websites

    all forces show that they are the same basic force, and have frozen out to different forces in the . What do the different colors on the map of the CMB represent? Although the temperature of the CMB is Implications of the COBE DMR Map of the Early Universe What COBE DMR saw: The COBE DMR (Cosmic

  13. What about using pesticides if I am pregnant or have a baby?

    Science.gov Websites

    ? Related Topics: Pesticides and Human Health Pesticides and Pregnancy Pesticides and Children Understanding @ace.orst.edu. Last updated January 27, 2016 Related Topics: Pesticides and Human Health Pesticides and ; Environment Human Health Animal Health Safe Use Practices Food Safety Environment Air Water Soil Wildlife

  14. Mineral Resources | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys

    Science.gov Websites

    and geophysical framework of Alaska as it pertains to the mineral resources of the state. Summary maps and reports illustrate the geology of the state's prospective mineral terranes and provide data on the location, type, and potential of the state's mineral resources. These data aid in the state's management of

  15. Centro Nacional de Información de Pesticidas - Portada

    Science.gov Websites

    a.m. a 12:00 p.m. PT, de lunes a viernes A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Índice acuerdo de cooperación entre la Universidad Estatal de Oregón y la Agencia de Protección Ambiental de los Estados Unidos (acuerdo de cooperación # X8-83560101). La información contenida en esta

  16. Theoretical investigation of the generation and injection of electromagnetic waves in space plasma by means of a long-orbiting tether

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Dobrowolny, M.

    1981-01-01

    Analysis of the various mechanisms of electromagnetic wave generation by the shuttle-borne orbiting tether of the T.S.S. Facility shows that significant electrodynamic power levels are available even when overestimating the loss mechanisms expected to intervene. This electrodynamic power is in part dissipated by Joule losses in the tether, in part goes to accelerate electrons through the sheath surrounding the balloon (when in a downward deployment), and in part goes into e.m. wave generation. A preliminary estimate shows that a 100 km tether in orbit would produce ULF/ELF signals that are detectable on the ground with state-of-the-art magnetometric instrumentation.

  17. NOAA Weather Radio - County Coverage by State

    Science.gov Websites

    Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing ±ol Condado de cobertura Listado de estación Lista de Emisora y Cobertura Acerca de NWR ESTACIONES NACIONAL Información General Información Para el consumidor receptor NWR Recepción Explicacion de NWR

  18. NOAA Weather Radio - Deaf and Hard of Hearing

    Science.gov Websites

    Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing ±ol Condado de cobertura Listado de estación Lista de Emisora y Cobertura Acerca de NWR ESTACIONES NACIONAL Información General Información Para el consumidor receptor NWR Recepción Explicacion de NWR

  19. NOAA Weather Radio

    Science.gov Websites

    Emergencia (EAS) de la Comisión Federal de Comunicaciones, Radio NOAA es una red para todo tipo de peligros . De este modo, es la fuente más comprensiva de información del tiempo y emergencias que està químicos o derramamientos de petróleo). Conocida como "La Voz del Servicio Nacional de Meteorología

  20. NOAA Weather Radio - Viewing Outages

    Science.gov Websites

    Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing Listado de estación Lista de Emisora y Cobertura Acerca de NWR ESTACIONES NACIONAL Información General Información Para el consumidor receptor NWR Recepción Explicacion de NWR SAME Programación en Español

  1. Publications - GMC 395 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

    Science.gov Websites

    investigations of the diatom stratigraphy of Borehole TA8, Portage Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Visiting Alaska State Employees DGGS State of Alaska search Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical DGGS GMC 395 Publication Details Title: Preliminary investigations of the diatom stratigraphy of

  2. CXRO - Mi-Young Im, Staff Scientist

    Science.gov Websites

    X-Ray Database Zone Plate Education Nanomagnetism X-Ray Microscopy LDJIM EUV Lithography EUV Mask Publications Contact The Center for X-Ray Optics is a multi-disciplined research group within Lawrence Berkeley -Ray Optics X-Ray Database Nanomagnetism X-Ray Microscopy EUV Lithography EUV Mask Imaging

  3. Solar Integration Data Sets | Grid Modernization | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    modeled solar data to study the operational impacts of solar on the electric power grid. Solar Power Data need to estimate power production from hypothetical solar power plants. Solar Integration National Dataset (SIND) Toolkit The next generation of modeled solar data with higher temporal and spatial

  4. CNEA - Centro Atómico Bariloche

    Science.gov Websites

    ³mica (CNEA), a través de la Sección de... EL RA-6, RENOVADO EN EL AÑO DE SU 35º ANIVERSARIO EL RA-6 DIRIGIDAS A DOCENTES REALIZAN EN EL CAB CAPACITACIONES DIRIGIDAS A... La Comisión Nacional de Energía Atà ... RECONOCIMIENTO PARA LA SECCIÓN DE DIVULGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA Y TECNOLÓGICA DEL CAB RECONOCIMIENTO PARA LA SECCIÃ

  5. NOAA Weather Radio

    Science.gov Websites

    para un condado depende de recepción de la seña fiable, que típicamente se extiende en un radio de 40 millas del transmisor, asumiendo terreno plano. Condados sin la cobertura de NWR o cobertura obstáculos de la seña y/o la distancia excesiva del transmisor. Usted puede referirse directamente a

  6. Defense.gov - Special Report - Travels With Gates

    Science.gov Websites

    . If you wish to see the latest content, please visit the current version of the site. For persons with look at production of the newest all-terrain vehicles slated for Afghanistan, and praised the modern You have reached a collection of archived material. The content available is no longer being

  7. Publications - PIR 2008-1 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

    Science.gov Websites

    investigations in the Brooks Range Foothills and North Slope, Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & interpretations of the Nanushuk Formation exposed along the Colville River near the confluences with the Awuna and Surveys Skip to content State of Alaska myAlaska My Government Resident Business in Alaska

  8. Periodic Table of Elements: Los Alamos National Laboratory

    Science.gov Websites

    , Communication Specialist talks about the Periodic Table of Elements 7/17/17 Back to Elements List Seaborgium is Phone Periodic Table of Elements: LANL Chemistry Division » Periodic Table of Elements Chemistry the Elements Chemical Properties Elements List Periodic Table Download News LANL Biofuels Work

  9. NIST Digital Archives

    Science.gov Websites

    Nederlands Français Search Search Advanced Search Find results with: error div Add another field Search by date Search by date: from after before on from: mm/dd/yyyy to to: mm/dd/yyyy Search Clear All Searching physical science laboratories. Instant Search Search PHOTOS Search Photos Search NIST PUBLICATIONS Search

  10. Department of Navy Chief Information Officer

    Science.gov Websites

    (6) Freedom of Information Act (29) IT Investment Management (47) Records Management (37 Management and Knowledge Management programs. DON CIO Information About the DON CIO Website Accessibility this website is to facilitate effective information flow about information management/information

  11. Alternative Fuels Data Center: Recursos en español

    Science.gov Websites

    colaboración entre el gobierno y la industria patrocinada por el Programa de Tecnologías de Vehículos del enchufables Recursos en la web Use estas recursos para obtener información sobre: Economía de combustible y huella de carbono de su vehículo Cómo aumentar la economía de combustible Importancia de la economía

  12. NOAA Weather Radio

    Science.gov Websites

    ¡tico de programación de la Radio del Tiempo de NOAA la capacidad de transmitir en español. Cualquier Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing Search For Go NWS All NOAA Las Políticas de Programación en Español Se le añadió al sistema automÃ

  13. Estimated incidence of erythema migrans in five regions of France and ecological correlations with environmental characteristics.

    PubMed

    Mariet, Anne-Sophie; Retel, Olivier; Avocat, Hélène; Serre, Anne; Schapman, Lucie; Schmitt, Marielle; Charron, Martine; Monnet, Elisabeth

    2013-09-01

    While several studies conducted on Lyme borreliosis (LB) risk in the United States showed an association with environmental characteristics, most of European studies considered solely the effect of climate characteristics. The aims of this study were to estimate incidence of erythema migrans (EM) in five regions of France and to analyze associations with several environmental characteristics of the place of residence. LB surveillance networks of general practitioners (GPs) were set up for a period of 2 years in five regions of France. Participating GPs reported all patients with EM during the study period. Data were pooled according to a standardized EM case definition. For each area with a participating GP, age-standardized incidence rates and ratios were estimated. Associations with altitude, indicators of landscape composition, and indicators of landscape configuration were tested with multivariate Poisson regression. Standardized estimated incidence rates of EM per 10(5) person-years were 8.8 [95% confidence interval (CI)=7.9-9.7] in Aquitaine, 40.0 (95% CI 36.4-43.6) in Limousin, 76.0 (95% CI 72.9-79.1) in the three participating départements of Rhône-Alpes, 46.1 (95% CI 43.0-49.2) in Franche-Comté, and 87.7 (95% CI 84.6-90.8) in Alsace. In multivariate analysis, age-adjusted incidence rates increased with the altitude (p<0.0001) and decreased with forest patch density (p<0.0001). The marked variations in EM risk among the five regions were partly related to differences in landscape and environmental characteristics. The latter may point out potential risk areas and provide information for targeting preventive actions.

  14. Egg thiamine status of Lake Ontario salmonines 1995-2004 with emphasis on lake trout

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Fitzsimons, J.D.; Williston, B.; Williston, G.; Brown, L.; El-Shaarawi, A.; Vandenbyllaardt, L.; Honeyfeld, D.; Tillitt, D.; Wolgamood, M.; Brown, S.B.

    2007-01-01

    Alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus), the major prey fish for Lake Ontario, contain thiaminase. They are associated with development of a thiamine deficiency in salmonines which greatly increases the potential for developing an early mortality syndrome (EMS). To assess the possible effects of thiamine deficiency on salmonine reproduction we measured egg thiamine concentrations for five species of Lake Ontario salmonines. From this we estimated the proportion of families susceptible to EMS based on whether they were below the ED20, the egg thiamine concentration associated with 20% mortality due to EMS. The ED20s were 1.52, 2.63, and 2.99 nmol/g egg for Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush), and coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), respectively. Based on the proportion of fish having egg thiamine concentrations falling below the ED20, the risk of developing EMS in Lake Ontario was highest for lake trout, followed by coho (O. kisutch), and Chinook salmon, with the least risk for rainbow trout (O. mykiss). For lake trout from western Lake Ontario, mean egg thiamine concentration showed significant annual variability during 1994 to 2003, when the proportion of lake trout at risk of developing EMS based on ED20 ranged between 77 and 100%. Variation in the annual mean egg thiamine concentration for western Lake Ontario lake trout was positively related (p < 0.001, r2 = 0.94) with indices of annual adult alewife biomass. While suggesting the possible involvement of density-dependent changes in alewives, the changes are small relative to egg thiamine concentrations when alewife are not part of the diet and are of insufficient magnitude to allow for natural reproduction by lake trout.

  15. Operating the Western Interconnection with 80%-90% Renewables - Text

    Science.gov Websites

    different penetration levels. This chart here shows the left column is the actual penetration of the renewables in all of the different scenarios. The higher base load and the higher VG before curtailment are to a lot of results. This next slide shows the generation by the different types of both renewable

  16. About the feasibilities of controlling the properties of thermoelectric energy converters using optical radiation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kshevetsky, Oleg S.

    2018-01-01

    We represent evaluating analysis of the feasibilities for controlling the properties of thermoelectric energy converters using EM radiation in the regimes of cooling, heating, electromotive force generation, or electric current generation. Thus we investigate the influence of optical radiation both on electric conductivity and thermo-electromotive force coefficient of thermoelectric materials. We also discuss promising applications for controlling the properties of thermoelectric energy converters using EM radiation. We represent the results of experimental study of positionsensitive energy converters in the regimes of electromotive force generation and the electric current generation (in part, photo-thermoelectric position-sensitive temperature detectors), position-sensitive photo-thermoelectric energy converters in the regimes of cooling, heating, parallel photoelectric and thermoelectric conversion of sun-light optical radiation into electric power.

  17. Emergency Physicians at War.

    PubMed

    Muck, Andrew E; Givens, Melissa; Bebarta, Vikhyat S; Mason, Phillip E; Goolsby, Craig

    2018-05-01

    Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF-A) in Afghanistan and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) represent the first major, sustained wars in which emergency physicians (EPs) fully participated as an integrated part of the military's health system. EPs proved invaluable in the deployments, and they frequently used the full spectrum of trauma and medical care skills. The roles EPs served expanded over the years of the conflicts and demonstrated the unique skill set of emergency medicine (EM) training. EPs supported elite special operations units, served in medical command positions, and developed and staffed flying intensive care units. EPs have brought their combat experience home to civilian practice. This narrative review summarizes the history, contributions, and lessons learned by EPs during OEF-A/OIF and describes changes to daily clinical practice of EM derived from the combat environment.

  18. Fisher's method of scoring in statistical image reconstruction: comparison of Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel iterative schemes.

    PubMed

    Hudson, H M; Ma, J; Green, P

    1994-01-01

    Many algorithms for medical image reconstruction adopt versions of the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. In this approach, parameter estimates are obtained which maximize a complete data likelihood or penalized likelihood, in each iteration. Implicitly (and sometimes explicitly) penalized algorithms require smoothing of the current reconstruction in the image domain as part of their iteration scheme. In this paper, we discuss alternatives to EM which adapt Fisher's method of scoring (FS) and other methods for direct maximization of the incomplete data likelihood. Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel methods for non-linear optimization provide efficient algorithms applying FS in tomography. One approach uses smoothed projection data in its iterations. We investigate the convergence of Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel algorithms with clinical tomographic projection data.

  19. Philip A. Parilla | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    atomic layer deposition for applications. He also manages the majority of X-ray characterization equipment at NREL, specifically X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence instrumentation. Additionally, he for EERE's Hydrogen Storage program. He is also an expert in X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence

  20. Energy Analysis Publications | Energy Analysis | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    Systems Impact Analysis We perform impact analysis to evaluate and understand the impact of markets publications. Featured Publications Complex Systems Analysis Complex systems analysis integrates all aspects of , policies, and financing on technology uptake and the impact of new technologies on markets and policy

  1. News

    Science.gov Websites

    Professors Senior Mentor Biographies Fact Sheets Commander's Call Topics CCT Archive CSAF Reading List 2017 CSAF Reading List 2016 CSAF Reading List 2015 CSAF Reading List 2014 CSAF Reading List 2013 CSAF Reading List 2012 CSAF Reading List 2011 CSAF Reading List 2010 CSAF Reading List 2009 CSAF Reading List

  2. NREL's Advanced Atomic Layer Deposition Enables Lithium-Ion Battery

    Science.gov Websites

    Battery Technology News Release: NREL's Advanced Atomic Layer Deposition Enables Lithium-Ion Battery increasingly demanding needs of any battery application. These lithium-ion batteries feature a hybrid solid further customized lithium-ion battery materials for high performance devices by utilizing our patented

  3. Chunmei Ban | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    degradation in silicon nanowires for lithium ion battery," ACS Nano, 2015, 9(5), pp 5559-5566, DOI molecular layer deposited coating on silicon nanoparticles for lithium ion battery anodes," ACS Nano lithium-ion batteries, lithium-air batteries, organic radical batteries, and magnesium-ion batteries. The

  4. Transportation Research News | Transportation News | Transportation

    Science.gov Websites

    Engineering has yielded new insights for lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery electrodes at the microstructural level -Phase Stochastics in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes" detailing the research and resulting revolutionizes the way lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are evaluated so designs can be improved before batteries

  5. DoD ESI

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    Information Management, Microsoft Platform Management, Identity & Access Management, Endpoint Systems /2016-24054/category-management). OMB released this IT Success Story for "Information Sharing Management of Common Information Technology: Mobile Devices and Services 7/1/2016 Category Management Policy

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    Facilities Science Pillars Research Library Science Briefs Science News Science Highlights Lab Organizations Science Programs Applied Energy Programs Civilian Nuclear Energy Programs Laboratory Directed Research Science Seaborg Institute Fellows Conferences Research Opportunities Center for Integrated

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    Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing estación Lista de Emisora y Cobertura Acerca de NWR ESTACIONES NACIONAL Información General Información Para el consumidor receptor NWR Recepción Explicacion de NWR SAME Programación en Español NOAA

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    automatizado apoyará la difusión en español. Idioma español de voz sintetizada será proporcionado para algunas oficinas donde el personal permite y los dictados de la población, la radiodifusión española Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing

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    para un condado depende de recepción de la seña fiable, que típicamente se extiende en un radio de 40 millas del transmisor, asumiendo terreno plano. Condados sin la cobertura de NWR o cobertura obstáculos de la seña y/o la distancia excesiva del transmisor. Usted puede referirse directamente a

  10. Publications | Argonne National Laboratory

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    Carlo, F. De Carlo, Francesco De Graef, Marc de Jalon, Garcia De La Rosa, K. de Leon, P.A. Ignacio- de . Degenkolb, E. DeJongh, M. DeLisi, M. Delmont, T. O. DeLuca, C. Demas, N. Demchenko, Y. Demeshko, I. Demiguel , N. Kyrpides, Nikos La Joie, C. Labarta, J. LaBissoniere, D. Lacinski, L. Lacour, S. Laguna, I. Lai

  11. Solar Requests for Proposals | State, Local, and Tribal Governments | NREL

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    who have a lot of experience in this area may handle the process on their own while others may decide greatest number of respondents and give the agency the greatest number of options. Solar RFP Elements As to the selection criteria. Sources Solar Powering Your Community: Key Elements of Solar Requests for

  12. What's New | Galaxy of Images

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    ] View Images Details ID: SIL32-035-02 Enlarge Image View Images Details ID: SIL32-038-02 Enlarge Image View Images Details ID: SIL-2004_CT_6_1 Enlarge Image View Images Details ID: SIL32-010-01 Enlarge Image View Images Details ID: SIL32-013-05 Enlarge Image View Images Details ID: SIL32-014-02 Enlarge

  13. SMS Two Column Template: Smithsonian Marine Station (SMS) at Fort Pierce

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    appreciation of this invaluable natural resource. My image My image My image My image My image Discover: - over difference in IRL water quality Check Out: - the IRL Photo Gallery - the IRL Species Image Collection Downloads: - Species Database - IRL Species Bibliography My image My image My image My image My image EOL

  14. Chief Information Officer > DoDSection508 > Std_Stmt

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    Skip to main content (Press Enter). Toggle navigation Chief Information Officer Search Search Chief Information Officer: Search Search Chief Information Officer: Search Chief Information Officer U.S. Department of Defense Chief Information Officer Home About DoD CIO Bios Organization DCIO C4&IIC DCIO IE

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    An edition of: WaterAtlas.orgPresented By: USF Water Institute Choose a Water Atlas Charlotte Harbor NEP Water Atlas Hillsborough County Water Atlas Lake County Water Atlas Manatee County Water Atlas Orange County Water Atlas Pinellas County Water Atlas Polk County Water Atlas Sarasota County Water Atlas

  17. Publications - GMC 430 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

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    : Formation hardness of Hemlock Formation cores after immersion in water and oil based fracturing fluids; and mechanics: Formation hardness of Hemlock Formation cores after immersion in water and oil based fracturing Surveys Skip to content State of Alaska myAlaska My Government Resident Business in Alaska

  18. NOAA Photo Library

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    - nssl0057 Early stage of tornado formation. Photo #1 of a series of classic photographs of this tornado Available Publication of the U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Adminstration NOAA Photo Library Banner Takes you to the Top Page Takes you to the About this Site page. Takes

  19. Publications - GMC 303 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

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    DGGS GMC 303 Publication Details Title: The facies of the Ivishak Formation from conventional core , The facies of the Ivishak Formation from conventional core descriptions, electric logs, and Surveys Skip to content State of Alaska myAlaska My Government Resident Business in Alaska

  20. NCEP Operational HWRF Forecasting System

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    2010 Basin: North Atlantic Eastern North Pacific Central North Pacific Western North Pacific North ALBERTO01L North Atlantic: (1) active ALBERTO01L Eastern North Pacific: (0) active Central North Pacific: (0 ) active Western North Pacific: (0) active North Indian Ocean: (0) active Southern Hemisphere: (0) active Â

  1. Wind Turbine Control Systems | Wind | NREL

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    Turbine Control Systems Wind Turbine Control Systems Advanced wind turbine controls can reduce the loads on wind turbine components while capturing more wind energy and converting it into electricity turbines. A photo of a wind turbine against blue sky with white blades on their sides in the foreground

  2. Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation | Wind | NREL

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    Wind Energy Modeling and Simulation Wind Turbine Modeling and Simulation Wind turbines are unique wind turbines. It enables the analysis of a range of wind turbine configurations, including: Two- or (SOWFA) employs computational fluid dynamics to allow users to investigate wind turbine and wind power

  3. Systems Engineering Workshop 2017 | Wind | NREL

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    Energy for Wind Systems Today Cost and Value of Wind Power-Implications of Wind Turbine Design, János Aaron Smith, PPI Session II: Uncertainty Impacts on Wind Turbine Design and Performance Mitigation of Wind Turbine Design Load Uncertainties, Anand Natarajan, DTU Wind Energy Uncertainty in the Wind

  4. Science Programs

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    Research Library Science Briefs Science News Science Highlights Lab Organizations Science Programs Applied Innovation Research Capabilities Deploying Innovation Technology Opportunities Innovation in New Mexico Los Laboratory Delivering science and technology to protect our nation and promote world stability Science &

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    veggies? Federal Pesticide Regulation Pesticides and Human Health Regulating Organic Food Production fruit and veggies? Federal Pesticide Regulation Pesticides and Human Health Regulating Organic Food ; Environment Human Health Animal Health Safe Use Practices Food Safety Environment Air Water Soil Wildlife

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    -- OAS Intranet -- Sunday 27 May 2018 Approved Program-Budget 2018 Proposed Program-Budget 2018 Approved Program-Budget 2017 Proposed Program-Budget 2017 Approved Program-Budget 2016 Proposed Program -Budget 2016 Approved Program-Budget 2015 Proposed Program-Budget 2015 Approved Program-Budget 2014

  7. National Centers for Environmental Prediction

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    DIFFERENT BETWEEN THE 12-KM NAM PARENT DOMAIN AND THE NAM CONUS NEST? (04 Nov 2011, updated 13 April 2017 . Back to Table of Contents WHY IS THE QPF DIFFERENT BETWEEN THE 12-KM NAM PARENT DOMAIN AND THE NAM different QPF fields between the 12km NAM parent and the NAM nests. 13 April 2017 update: In the 12 August

  8. NOAA Weather Radio - Using NWR SAME

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    Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing Transmitter Outages FAQ NWR - Special Needs ESPAÑOL Español Condado de cobertura Listado de estación Lista de Emisora y Cobertura Acerca de NWR ESTACIONES NACIONAL Información General Información Para el

  9. NOAA Weather Radio - EAS Event Codes

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    Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing Transmitter Outages FAQ NWR - Special Needs ESPAÑOL Español Condado de cobertura Listado de estación Lista de Emisora y Cobertura Acerca de NWR ESTACIONES NACIONAL Información General Información Para el

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    Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing Outages FAQ NWR - Special Needs ESPAÑOL Español Condado de cobertura Listado de estación Lista de Emisora y Cobertura Acerca de NWR ESTACIONES NACIONAL Información General Información Para el consumidor

  11. NOAA Weather Radio - NWR Voices

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    Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing Transmitter Outages FAQ NWR - Special Needs ESPAÑOL Español Condado de cobertura Listado de estación Lista de Emisora y Cobertura Acerca de NWR ESTACIONES NACIONAL Información General Información Para el

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    Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing - Special Needs ESPAÑOL Español Condado de cobertura Listado de estación Lista de Emisora y Cobertura Acerca de NWR ESTACIONES NACIONAL Información General Información Para el consumidor receptor NWR

  13. The Sky This Week, 2016 April 26 - May 3 - Naval Oceanography Portal

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    the week coursing through the summer Milky Way, skirting the southern reaches of the ecliptic in the morning sky. Last Quarter occurs on the 29th at 11:29 pm Eastern Daylight Time. As Luna wanes through her begins on the 29th and lasts through May 8th. This month's target constellation is Leo, the Lion, which

  14. The Evolving Search for the Nature of Dark Energy | Berkeley Lab

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    percent of its contents is ordinary matter, 24 percent is dark matter, and all the rest is dark energy ordinary matter, 24 percent is dark matter, and all the rest is dark energy - unless there's a flaw in our Universe, and it's pushing all the rest - ordinary matter and dark matter - farther apart at an ever

  15. Observaciones de fulguraciones en rayos X duros

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rovira, M. G.; Mandrini, C. H.

    El objetivo principal de la investigación de las fulguraciones solares es el descubrimiento del proceso responsable de la impredecible, rápida y enorme, liberación de energía que ocurre en ellas. Las evidencias observacionales más claras de esta liberación son la emisión de rayos X y microondas. En particular, la detección de la emisión de rayos X duros (energías entre decenas y centenas de keV) es uno de los elementos de diagnóstico utilizados para comprender los mecanismos de aceleración y transporte de los electrones energéticos que, hoy es aceptado, son los que en su interacción con la atmósfera solar generan los rayos X observados. En 1991 se puso en órbita el Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) uno de cuyos instrumentos observa las fulguraciones solares en el rango de energías 15 <= E <= 300 keV con una resolución temporal de 0.064 seg. En este trabajo analizamos, usando la Técnica de la Transformada Discreta en Onditas, algunos de los casos registrados para intentar separar y parametrizar las componentes de distinta escala de tiempo que se superponen durante la fase impulsiva de una fulguración. Discutimos nuestros resultados en términos de las características del mecanismo de liberación de energía.

  16. Chief Information Officer > About DoD CIO > Organization > DCIO CS

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    Skip to main content (Press Enter). Toggle navigation Chief Information Officer Search Search Chief Information Officer: Search Search Chief Information Officer: Search Chief Information Officer U.S. Department of Defense Chief Information Officer Home About DoD CIO Bios Organization DCIO C4&IIC DCIO IE

  17. Defense.gov - Special Report - Progress Report: Department of Defense

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    the need to re-shape and re-balance the direction of the Department and an increasingly challenging capabilities, requirements, risks and needs for the purpose of shifting the Department toward a different , the Landing Platform Dock ship and Mobile Landing Platform ship; and Completing production of the C-17

  18. Publications - PIR 2015-5 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

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    superposition of strike-slip and reverse-slip faults in the Bruin Bay fault system, Ursus Head, lower Cook Inlet , Preliminary investigation of fracture populations in Mesozoic strata of the Cook Inlet forearc basin: Iniskin observations: Continued facies analysis of the Lower Jurassic Talkeetna Formation, north Chinitna Bay, Alaska

  19. Publications - GMC 329 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

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    Bee Creek 1976 holes of Chignik C2 Quadrangle (B-1, 265'; B-2, 500'; B-3, 500'; B-4, 300' and B-5, 300 the Bee Creek 1976 holes of Chignik C2 Quadrangle (B-1, 265'; B-2, 500'; B-3, 500'; B-4, 300' and B-5

  20. NOAA Weather Radio

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    Search For Go NWS All NOAA NWR Recepción El área de la recepción nominal para un receptor de Radio cosas afectan la recepción de señas de la radio. Por ejemplo, las extensiones grandes de agua de sal de NWR. Siga leyendo si está dentro del área pero tiene dificultad con recepción. Su seña de la

  1. Research | Photovoltaic Research | NREL

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    -V cells Hybrid tandems Polycrystalline Thin-Film PV CdTe solar cells CIGS solar cells Perovskites and Organic PV Perovskite solar cells Organic PV solar cells Advanced Materials, Devices, and Science Interfacial and Surface Science Reliability and Engineering Real-Time PV and Solar Resource

  2. Chioke Harris | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    transfer and materials science to the development of high-performance building components. He is member of the Building Energy Science Group, his research focuses on the application of fundamental heat particularly interested in the development of novel opaque insulation and window frame materials using nano

  3. Water Power Research | Water Power | NREL

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    Water Power Research Water Power Research NREL conducts water power research; develops design tools Columbia River, Washington. Hydropower Research Hydropower technologies convert the energy of water moving ; and evaluates, validates, and supports the demonstration of innovative water power technologies. Photo

  4. Mengjin Yang | NREL

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    on the formation of higher efficiency formamidinium lead triiodide-based solar cells," Chem -0003-2019-4298 Dr. Mengjin Yang received his Ph.D. in Materials Science from the University of Pittsburgh, where he investigated nanomaterials for solar energy conversion under the supervision of Prof

  5. Geothermal Energy | Climate Neutral Research Campuses | NREL

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    Geothermal Energy Geothermal Energy Research campuses can take advantage of geothermal resources sections that describe how examining geothermal energy may fit into your climate action plans. Campus Options Considerations Sample Project Related Links Campus Geothermal Energy Options Campuses can use

  6. Battery Control Algorithms | Transportation Research | NREL

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    publications. Accounting for Lithium-Ion Battery Degradation in Electric Vehicle Charging Optimization Advanced Reformulation of Lithium-Ion Battery Models for Enabling Electric Transportation Fail-Safe Design for Large Capacity Lithium-Ion Battery Systems Contact Ying Shi Email | 303-275-4240

  7. NREL: News - Winner of Solar Decathlon to be Announced

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    Winner of Solar Decathlon to be Announced Friday, October 4, 2002 Washington, D.C.- The winner of National Gallery of Art Note: All houses competing in the Solar Decathlon will be open to the public from 9 the U.S. Department of Energy's first Solar Decathlon will be announced noon, Saturday, October 6 in

  8. Site Description | CTIO

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    Preserving the Dark Skies La Oficina de Protección de la Calidad del Cielo del Norte de Chile - OPCC Light view Cerro Pachón CTIO/AURA La Serena Facilities The "El Totoral" Reserve, Cerro Tololo and . back to top Sky Brightness over Cerro Pachón and Cerro Tololo Light pollution from nearby cities (La

  9. AF Week in Photos > U.S. Air Force > Article Display

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    Professors Senior Mentor Biographies Fact Sheets Commander's Call Topics CCT Archive CSAF Reading List 2017 CSAF Reading List 2016 CSAF Reading List 2015 CSAF Reading List 2014 CSAF Reading List 2013 CSAF Reading List 2012 CSAF Reading List 2011 CSAF Reading List 2010 CSAF Reading List 2009 CSAF Reading List

  10. National Wind Technology Center | NREL

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    . Wind Energy Research Wind turbine blade Wind energy research at the NWTC allows for validation and verification of large and small components and wind turbine systems. Photo by Dennis Schroeder / NREL 40935 Wind energy research at the NWTC has pioneered wind turbine components, systems, and modeling methods

  11. Astronomical Information Center - Naval Oceanography Portal

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    section Advanced Search... Sections Home Time Earth Orientation Astronomy Meteorology Oceanography Ice You the Moon Illuminated Time Universal Time and Greenwich Mean Time What is Terrestrial Time? Computing Greenwich Apparent Sidereal Time What are the U.S. Time Zones? World Time Zone Map When Does Daylight Time

  12. Alternative Fuels Data Center: Data Downloads

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    Data Downloads to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Data Downloads on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Data Downloads on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Data Downloads on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Data Downloads on Delicious Rank

  13. Home Page, Alaska Department of Fish and Game

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    Orders Media/Press Releases Hot Topics & Issues Board of Fisheries and Game: Actions & Activities Habitat Special Areas Fish Habitat Boards Board of Game Board of Fisheries The Joint Board Commissioner Maps & Area Information File Hunt Report Trapping Boards Board of Fisheries Board of Game

  14. CAEBAT Model Featured on American Chemical Society Journal Tenth

    Science.gov Websites

    University's School of Mechanical Engineering has yielded new insights for lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery corresponding article, "Secondary-Phase Stochastics in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes" detailing the microstructural modifications can greatly improve overall Li-ion battery performance. The value of this work is

  15. Energy Storage News | Transportation | Transportation Research | NREL

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    NREL/Purdue team's corresponding article, "Secondary-Phase Stochastics in Lithium-Ion Battery by NREL and NASA, the Battery ISC Device revolutionizes the way lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are collaboration with Purdue University's School of Mechanical Engineering has yielded new insights for lithium-ion

  16. News and Feature Stories | NREL

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    insights for lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery electrodes at the microstructural level, that can lead to Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes" detailing the research and resulting discoveries, is showcased inside 19th annual Middle School Electric Car Competition, where students raced solar and lithium-ion powered

  17. Publications - GMC 73 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys

    Science.gov Websites

    following seven NPRA wells: Fish Creek test well #1; Oumalik test well #1; Peard test well #1; Tunalik #1 ; Umiat test well #11; Wolf Creek test well #3; and Walapka test well #1 Authors: Unknown Publication Date wells: Fish Creek test well #1; Oumalik test well #1; Peard test well #1; Tunalik #1; Umiat test well

  18. Nolan Wilson | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    Nolan Wilson Nolan Wilson Postdoctoral Researcher-Chemical Engineering Nolan.Wilson@nrel.gov | 303 Ph.D., Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, 2014 M.S., Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, 2012 B.S., Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 2007 Professional

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    information on the ecology of the species, its impacts and management, a comprehensive bibliography and a list ) General Impact information Management information Distribution The Distribution page presents the global page collates management information from the profile narrative page plus location-specific management

  20. Staff - Trent D. Hubbard | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

    Science.gov Websites

    , R.P., Darrow, M.M., and Hubbard, T.D., 2015, Influence of catchment properties on stability of frozen : Evaluating geologic hazards and the distribution and character of geologic materials on Alaska's North Slope Professor, Department of Biology and Earth Sciences, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO 2003

  1. Standard Terms and Conditions | NREL

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    and Technical Services Subcontracts, Cost-Type (1) Cost Sharing (2) Cost Reimbursement (3) Cost Plus Than Foreign) (1) Cost Sharing (2) Cost Reimbursement (2) Cost Plus Fixed Fee. Appendix B-10 (12/15/16 /15/16) Standard Terms and Conditions for Travel Requirements (1) Cost Sharing (2) Cost Reimbursement

  2. Publications - PIR 2015-5-8 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

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    lower sandstone member of the Upper Jurassic Naknek Formation, northern Chinitna Bay, Alaska, in Wartes member of the Upper Jurassic Naknek Formation, northern Chinitna Bay, Alaska Authors: Wartes, M.A Surveys Skip to content State of Alaska myAlaska My Government Resident Business in Alaska

  3. Publications - PIR 2015-5-4 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

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    facies analysis of the Lower Jurassic Talkeetna Formation, north Chinitna Bay, Alaska, in Wartes, M.A of the Lower Jurassic Talkeetna Formation, north Chinitna Bay, Alaska Authors: Bull, K.F. Publication Surveys Skip to content State of Alaska myAlaska My Government Resident Business in Alaska

  4. Presentations - Herriott, T.M. and others, 2011 | Alaska Division of

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    Details Title: Detailed geologic mapping and overview of structural and stratigraphic studies in the east Resident Business in Alaska Visiting Alaska State Employees DGGS State of Alaska search Alaska Division of in the east-central North Slope foothills, Alaska (poster): 3P Arctic, The Polar Petroleum Potential

  5. Idaho Water Resources Research Institute

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    Students Parents Alumni Faculty & Staff students walk on University of Idaho campus Visit U of I Learn Visit Students on Campus Title IX Helping to ensure U of I is a safe and engaging place for students to Diversity Athletics Events News Directory A - Z Prospective Students Current Students Parents Alumni Faculty

  6. First International Workshop on Grid Simulator Testing of Wind Turbine

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    of Wind Turbine Drivetrains First International Workshop on Grid Simulator Testing of Wind Turbine Wind Turbine Drivetrains June 13-14, 2013, at the National Wind Technology Center near Boulder apparatuses involved in grid compliance testing of utility-scale wind turbine generators. This includes both

  7. Community Solar | State, Local, and Tribal Governments | NREL

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    distributed generation owners for the power that their systems contribute to the grid. Community solar generation from an offsite solar system. Some form of VNM must exist for community solar to work properly so Electric Power Association. Community Solar: NREL's Working Group on Community Solar Gardens meeting

  8. Scanning Defect Mapping | Photovoltaic Research | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    SDMS moves the treated wafer across a stationary laser beam and maps the defects for each location on the wafer. The amount of light reflected from an area is proportional to the dislocation density for that area and provides a direct statistical count of the number of dislocations. PV Research Other

  9. Climate Prediction Center - Seasonal Outlook

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    ACCOUNT FOR THE LATEST DYNAMICAL AND STATISTICAL GUIDANCE. LONG TERM TRENDS ACCOUNT FOR THE FAMILIAR U Time. Please consult the schedule of 30 & 90-day outlooks for exact release dates. Text Discussions COLLEGE PARK MD 830 AM EDT THU MAY 17 2018 SUMMARY OF THE OUTLOOK FOR NON-TECHNICAL USERS ENSO NEUTRAL

  10. Project Development Model | Integrated Energy Solutions | NREL

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    . The five elements of project fundamentals are: Baseline: Analyze the current situation for the site . The two-phase iterative model includes elements in project fundamentals and project development based State and Local Energy Data (SLED) tool, developed by NREL for the U.S. Department of Energy, to get

  11. Rare Earth Elements | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys

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    - Mineral Resources main content Rare Earth Elements Rare earth elements and the supply and demand of these deposits containing rare earth elements to meet the perceived future demand. High prices for rare earth earth element occurrences in the DGGS publications catalog. Department of Natural Resources, Division of

  12. John B. Goodenough, Cathode Materials, and Rechargeable Lithium-ion

    Science.gov Websites

    cathode materials for the lithium-ion rechargeable battery that is ubiquitous in today’s portable conductors has enabled realization of the rechargeable lithium-ion battery used in cellular telephones and Goodenough, the rechargeable lithium ion battery, and related research is available in electronic documents

  13. NOAA Weather Radio - Información General

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    logo La Radio de Canada NWR receiver logo recepción COVERAGE County Coverage Listings State Coverage Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing Search For Go NWS All NOAA Información General NWR receiver logo Información de Fondo (incluyendo

  14. Fermilab Today

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    Search GO Special Result of the Week Toward a high-intensity muon source Impact of a single pulse of 12 x moment of impact (T=0); b) 9ms after impact; c) 15ms after impact. To solve the mysteries of nature 1012 protons at 14 GeV on a 1cm-wide jet of mercury flowing at 15m/s in a 10T solenoid field: a) at the

  15. Xiaowen Chen | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    Xiaowen Chen Photo of Xiaowen Chen Xiaowen Chen Researcher IV-Chemical Engineering Xiaowen.Chen Education Ph.D., Chemical Engineering, University of Maine, 2009 M.S., Chemical Engineering, University of Maine, 2005 B.S., Chemical Engineering in Polymer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Science

  16. Sandia National Laboratories: Research: R&D 100 Awards

    Science.gov Websites

    high radiation environments such as space. Watch the video. control system for active damping of inter first commercially available, high-voltage, high-frequency, high-current, high-temperature, single-chip Materials Science Nanodevices & Microsystems Radiation Effects & High Energy Density Science

  17. NOAA Photo Library -

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    logo and clouds NSSL is one of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's internationally of tornado Tornadoes picture of vintage doppler radar Instruments picture of clouds Sky Scenes -known Environmental Research Laboratories, leading the way in investigations of all aspects of severe

  18. Batavia Boy Scouts | News

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    Financial Officer Finance Section Office of the Chief Operating Officer Facilities Engineering Services Accelerator Division Accelerator Physics Center Office of the Chief Safety Officer Environment, Safety, Health and Quality Section Office of the Chief Project Officer Office of Project Support Services Office of

  19. Tuberculosis Reports - UDOH-EPI

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    Tuberculosis Tuberculosis Reports Tuberculosis Reports Tuberculosis Utah Reports Tuberculosis in Utah - Five (IBIS-PH) Tuberculosis 2015 Monthy Reports January February March April May June Tuberculosis National Reports National TB Data and Statistics Tuberculosis Global Reports TB Incidence Map by country TB

  20. Eric O'Shaughnessy | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    of residential solar PV markets. Eric leads the lab's solar data partnerships program. Eric's current green power market research. Research Interests Economic analysis, econometrics, distributed solar PV . Ardani, R. Margolis. 2018. Solar plus: Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and

  1. Photovoltaics | Climate Neutral Research Campuses | NREL

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    Photovoltaics Photovoltaics Solar photovoltaics (PV) is a mature, commercially available technology arrays. Campus Solar Energy Options A PV system requires periodic maintenance, but upkeep averages two to undertaking a solar energy assessment or PV installation. Solar Energy Resources Solar energy production

  2. University of Maryland MRSEC - Education: Resources

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    . University of Maryland Materials Research Science and Engineering Center Home About Us Leadership Moments in MSE The Materials Science and Engineering Career Resources Center Materials Research Society Central Super Science Fair Projects: Ideas, Topics, & Experiments All Science Fair Projects Science

  3. Pesticide Information for Veterinarians

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    ; Environment Human Health Animal Health Safe Use Practices Food Safety Environment Air Water Soil Wildlife Ingredients Low-Risk Pesticides Organic Pesticide Ingredients Pesticide Incidents Human Exposure Pet Exposure Home Page Pesticide Health and Safety Information Pesticides and Animal Health Pesticide Information

  4. Pesticide Regulations

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    costs and benefits of pesticides to society. They try to identify the potential risks on human health ; Environment Human Health Animal Health Safe Use Practices Food Safety Environment Air Water Soil Wildlife Ingredients Low-Risk Pesticides Organic Pesticide Ingredients Pesticide Incidents Human Exposure Pet Exposure

  5. A to Z Index of Topics

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    ; Environment Human Health Animal Health Safe Use Practices Food Safety Environment Air Water Soil Wildlife Ingredients Low-Risk Pesticides Organic Pesticide Ingredients Pesticide Incidents Human Exposure Pet Exposure Health and Pesticides Animal Health Care Provider Information Animal Incident Reporting Annual Reports

  6. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat

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    Publications CTBUH Journal Awards Books Technical Guides Research Reports Other Books IJHRB Research Journal TBUH Chinese Journal Virtual Research Journal Conference Publications Posters Awards Global Awards Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat About CTBUH Organization & People Membership

  7. Home | Departamento de Salud de Puerto Rico

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    Publicaciones Registros Suicidio Tuberculosis Centro de Aprendizaje Virtual sobre temas de Preparación en Salud Tuberculosis Centro de Aprendizaje Virtual sobre temas de Preparación en Salud Pública Informe de Casos de Departamento de Salud Search... Search It looks like your browser does not have JavaScript enabled

  8. The Evolving Market Structure of the U.S. Residential Solar PV Installation

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    Solar PV Installation Industry, 2000-2016 The Evolving Market Structure of the U.S. Residential Solar PV residential solar photovoltaic (PV) system and that the residential PV installation industry has become more concentrated over time. From 2000 to 2016, the U.S. residential solar photovoltaic (PV) installation industry

  9. DefenseLink.mil - Pentagon Memorial Dedication

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    Dept. photo by Army Staff Sgt. Michael J. Carden An entry stone at the Pentagon Memorial lists the their lives during the Sept. 11 terrorist attack on the Pentagon. Photo by Staff Sgt. Michael J. Carden Staff Sgt. Michael J. Carden A member of The United States Air Force Band practices before the start of

  10. Publications - PIR 2015-5-9 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

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    content DGGS PIR 2015-5-9 Publication Details Title: Evidence of a submarine canyon in the Snug Harbor ., Decker, P.L., and Wartes, M.A., 2015, Evidence of a submarine canyon in the Snug Harbor Siltstone and Pomeroy Arkose Members, Naknek Formation, south-central Alaska: Implications for the distribution of

  11. Visualization and Analytics Software Tools for Peregrine System |

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    R is a language and environment for statistical computing and graphics. Go to the R web site for System Visualization and Analytics Software Tools for Peregrine System Learn about the available visualization for OpenGL-based applications. For more information, please go to the FastX page. ParaView An open

  12. Inventory of File gfs.t06z.smartguam00.tm00.grib2

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    boundary layer WDIR analysis Wind Direction (from which blowing) [degtrue] 013 planetary boundary layer WIND analysis Wind Speed [m/s] 014 planetary boundary layer RH analysis Relative Humidity [%] 015 planetary boundary layer DIST analysis Geometric Height [m] 016 surface 4LFTX analysis Best (4 layer) Lifted

  13. Colorado Upper-Division Electrostatics Diagnostic: A Conceptual Assessment for the Junior Level

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Chasteen, Stephanie V.; Pepper, Rachel E.; Caballero, Marcos D.; Pollock, Steven J.; Perkins, Katherine K.

    2012-01-01

    As part of an effort to systematically improve our junior-level E&M I course, we have developed a tool to assess student conceptual learning of electrostatics at the upper division. Together with a group of physics faculty, we established a list of learning goals for the course that, with results from student observations and interviews,…

  14. What Colleges Can Do about Student Gambling

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    McClellan, George S.

    2008-01-01

    Several years ago, the author relates how he discovered that one of the undergraduates in his university has asked in an online bulletin board information on where one could find $25 or $50 Texas hold 'em games. It was then that he realized the subsequent growth of gambling among students and the seeming ambivalence to it on the part of many in…

  15. John Lewis | NREL

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    Lewis John Lewis John Lewis Researcher IV-Chemical Engineering John.Lewis@nrel.gov | 303-275-3021 Education Ph.D. Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1996 M.S. Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1993 B.S. Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M

  16. Buy or sell used musical instruments | News

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    Financial Officer Finance Section Office of the Chief Operating Officer Facilities Engineering Services Accelerator Division Accelerator Physics Center Office of the Chief Safety Officer Environment, Safety, Health and Quality Section Office of the Chief Project Officer Office of Project Support Services Office of

  17. David Toback re-elected CDF co-spokesperson | News

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    Financial Officer Finance Section Office of the Chief Operating Officer Facilities Engineering Services Accelerator Division Accelerator Physics Center Office of the Chief Safety Officer Environment, Safety, Health and Quality Section Office of the Chief Project Officer Office of Project Support Services Office of

  18. Materials and Devices | Photovoltaic Research | NREL

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    Polycrystalline Thin-Film PV Cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar cells Copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) solar cells Perovskite and Organic PV Perovskite solar cells Perovskite Patent Portfolio Organic PV (OPV ) solar cells Advanced Materials, Devices, and Concepts We explore new PV materials using high-throughput

  19. Silicon Materials and Devices R&D | Photovoltaic Research | NREL

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    " and "Si-based Tandem Solar Cells"), Next Generation Photovoltaics (NextGen PV III), and devices, especially for photovoltaic (PV) cell applications. PV Research Other Materials & Devices pages: High-Efficiency Crystalline PV Polycrystalline Thin-Film PV Perovskite and Organic PV Advanced PV

  20. Water Resource Sustainability Conference 2015

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    | Honolulu, Hawaii Presented By Water Resources Research Center (WRRC), Hawaii and American Samoa Water and Environmental Research Institute (WERI), Guam Puerto Rico Water Resources and Environmental Research Institute (PRWRERI), Puerto Rico The Virgin Islands Water Resources Research Institute (VI-WRRI), U. S. Virgin

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