46 CFR 129.560 - Engine-order telegraphs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Engine-order telegraphs. 129.560 Section 129.560 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELS ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS Miscellaneous Electrical Systems § 129.560 Engine-order telegraphs. No OSV need carry an engine...

46 CFR 129.560 - Engine-order telegraphs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Engine-order telegraphs. 129.560 Section 129.560 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELS ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS Miscellaneous Electrical Systems § 129.560 Engine-order telegraphs. No OSV need carry an engine...

46 CFR 129.560 - Engine-order telegraphs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Engine-order telegraphs. 129.560 Section 129.560 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELS ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS Miscellaneous Electrical Systems § 129.560 Engine-order telegraphs. No OSV need carry an engine...

46 CFR 113.35-13 - Mechanical engine order telegraph systems; operation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Mechanical engine order telegraph systems; operation. 113.35-13 Section 113.35-13 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED...-13 Mechanical engine order telegraph systems; operation. If more than one transmitter operates a...

46 CFR 113.35-1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions. 113.35-1 Section 113.35-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING COMMUNICATION AND ALARM SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT Engine Order Telegraph Systems § 113.35-1 Definitions. As used in this subpart: (a...

46 CFR 402.220 - Registration of pilots.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... in search and rescue and civil defense procedures as issued by the U.S. Coast Guard, Federal, State, and local port authorities. (5) Instruction in basic helm and engine telegraph orders in the Greek...

46 CFR 402.220 - Registration of pilots.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... in search and rescue and civil defense procedures as issued by the U.S. Coast Guard, Federal, State, and local port authorities. (5) Instruction in basic helm and engine telegraph orders in the Greek...

46 CFR 402.220 - Registration of pilots.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... in search and rescue and civil defense procedures as issued by the U.S. Coast Guard, Federal, State, and local port authorities. (5) Instruction in basic helm and engine telegraph orders in the Greek...

46 CFR 402.220 - Registration of pilots.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... in search and rescue and civil defense procedures as issued by the U.S. Coast Guard, Federal, State, and local port authorities. (5) Instruction in basic helm and engine telegraph orders in the Greek...

46 CFR 402.220 - Registration of pilots.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... in search and rescue and civil defense procedures as issued by the U.S. Coast Guard, Federal, State, and local port authorities. (5) Instruction in basic helm and engine telegraph orders in the Greek...

Signals in Communication Engineering History

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Consonni, Denise; Silva, Magno T. M.

2010-01-01

This paper is a study of various electric signals, which have been employed throughout the history of communication engineering in its two main landmarks: the telegraph and the telephone. The signals are presented in their time and frequency domain representations. The historical order has been followed in the presentation: wired systems, spark…

46 CFR 113.35-7 - Electric engine order telegraph systems; operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... transmitter handle automatically connects that transmitter electrically to the engineroom indicator and simultaneously disconnects electrically all other transmitters. The reply pointers of all transmitters must... manually operated transfer switch which will disconnect the system in the unattended navigating bridge must...

Quality Assessment and Accessibility Applications of Crowdsourced Geospatial Data: A Report on the Development and Extension of the George Mason University Geocrowdsourcing Testbed

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-01

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Prepared for Geospatial Research Laboratory U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development...Center U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Under Data Level Enterprise Tools Monitored by Geospatial Research Laboratory 7701 Telegraph Road...Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) ERDC Geospatial Research Laboratory 7701 Telegraph Road 11. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S REPORT Alexandria, VA 22135

Archaeological Test and Data Recovery Program at Telegraph Canyon, Chula Vista, California,

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-09-01

Several areas in the immediate vicinity were known to contain subsurface cables used to control SDG &E’s power network, and required avoidance. Addi...3 oEST FACE A TRENCH 4 Corps of Engineers Telegraph Canyon Creek WESTEC Servjces. Inr . compass bearing 20 7 ;7777,77 .77 7 1 METERS 170 c{ METERS...666 1.00 ~ 0 1.33 E -2.*00 -2.33 2.66 3.00 FUREf TRENCH 4 Corps of EngineersgTelegraph Canyon Creek; compass bearing 20 28 ’Lb..--._ .. *.* o •- -. o

46 CFR 31.35-5 - Communications; alarm systems, telephone and voice tube systems, engine telegraph systems, etc...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... OF HOMELAND SECURITY TANK VESSELS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Electrical Engineering § 31.35-5... vessels are subject to the regulations contained in subchapter J (Electrical Engineering) of this chapter...

46 CFR 31.35-5 - Communications; alarm systems, telephone and voice tube systems, engine telegraph systems, etc...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... OF HOMELAND SECURITY TANK VESSELS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Electrical Engineering § 31.35-5... vessels are subject to the regulations contained in subchapter J (Electrical Engineering) of this chapter...

46 CFR 31.35-5 - Communications; alarm systems, telephone and voice tube systems, engine telegraph systems, etc...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... OF HOMELAND SECURITY TANK VESSELS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Electrical Engineering § 31.35-5... vessels are subject to the regulations contained in subchapter J (Electrical Engineering) of this chapter...

Engine room, showing engine generator foundation and inlet louvers, looking ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Engine room, showing engine generator foundation and inlet louvers, looking southwest. Note fuel gauge on west wall, left of fuse box, and exhaust pipe through south wall. - Western Union Telegraph Company, Jennerstown Relay, Laurel Summit Road off U.S. 30, Laughlintown, Westmoreland County, PA

Using the Guide of History

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lanzerotti, Louis J.

2010-03-01

Earth's space environment often offers surprises upon the introduction of new technologies. The history of some space weather impacts on communications demonstrates this vividly. Such history was on my mind during a recent trip to Newfoundland, Canada. Nestled in an eastern inlet, the small fishing village of Heart's Content marks the landing site of the first transatlantic telegraph cable, in 1866, laid by the famous ship Great Eastern with the financial backing of Cyrus Field. The building and laying of this cable is an engineering saga in its own right; subsequent Europe-to-North America telegraph cables in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries also had Newfoundland coastal ports as their termini. Geomagnetic storm-produced ground currents that flowed through this and other telegraph cables seriously affected transmission and reception of signals.

Making sense of absolute measurement: James Clerk Maxwell, William Thomson, Fleeming Jenkin, and the invention of the dimensional formula

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mitchell, Daniel Jon

2017-05-01

During the 1860s, the Committee on Electrical Standards convened by the British Association for the Advancement of Science (BAAS) attempted to articulate, refine, and realize a system of absolute electrical measurement. I describe how this context led to the invention of the dimensional formula by James Clerk Maxwell and subsequently shaped its interpretation, in particular through the attempts of William Thomson and Fleeming Jenkin to make absolute electrical measurement intelligible to telegraph engineers. I identify unit conversion as the canonical purpose for dimensional formulae during the remainder of the nineteenth century and go on to explain how an operational interpretation was developed by the French physicist Gabriel Lippmann. The focus on the dimensional formula reveals how various conceptual, theoretical, and material aspects of absolute electrical measurement were taken up or resisted in experimental physics, telegraphic engineering, and electrical practice more broadly, which leads to the conclusion that the integration of electrical theory and telegraphic practice was far harder to achieve and maintain than historians have previously thought. This ultimately left a confusing legacy of dimensional concepts and practices in physics.

The Telephone Company Agrees

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stokes, Rembert R.

1975-01-01

A representative of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company responds to a statement by the director of the National Institute for Rehabilitation Engineering on telephone communication systems for the hearing impaired. (GW)

32 CFR 644.329 - Army civil works real property.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... civil works real property. (a) Fee-owned land and easements. (1) Action by Division/District Engineer..., such as telephone, telegraph, electric transmission, oil, gas, and water lines. (vi) Purchase price of... the Office of the Chief of Engineers. When the value of an easement interest reported pursuant to (a...

32 CFR 644.329 - Army civil works real property.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... civil works real property. (a) Fee-owned land and easements. (1) Action by Division/District Engineer..., such as telephone, telegraph, electric transmission, oil, gas, and water lines. (vi) Purchase price of... the Office of the Chief of Engineers. When the value of an easement interest reported pursuant to (a...

32 CFR 644.437 - Disposal plan for fee-owned land.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... the District Engineer's recommendation of the method or methods of disposal and the reasons therefor... plat will delineate any grant, exception, or reservation, such as telephone and telegraph, electric...

Too Much Ado About Telephones

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Selwyn, Donald

1975-01-01

The director of the National Institute for Rehabilitation Engineering provides a favorable opinion of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company's plan to replace magnetic output receivers in telephones with an acoustic coupling device. (GW)

78 FR 44934 - Inland Waterways Users Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-25

... for Fiscal Year (FY) 2013 and 2014, update of proposed water resources-related authorization bills.... Pointon, Institute for Water Resources, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, CEIWR-GM, 7701 Telegraph Road, Casey...

78 FR 72070 - Inland Waterways Users Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-02

... Waterways Trust Fund, funding for Fiscal Year (FY) 2014, update of proposed water resources-related.... Mark R. Pointon, Institute for Water Resources, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, CEIWR-GM, 7701 Telegraph...

Numerical simulation for solution of space-time fractional telegraphs equations with local fractional derivatives via HAFSTM

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pandey, Rishi Kumar; Mishra, Hradyesh Kumar

2017-11-01

In this paper, the semi-analytic numerical technique for the solution of time-space fractional telegraph equation is applied. This numerical technique is based on coupling of the homotopy analysis method and sumudu transform. It shows the clear advantage with mess methods like finite difference method and also with polynomial methods similar to perturbation and Adomian decomposition methods. It is easily transform the complex fractional order derivatives in simple time domain and interpret the results in same meaning.

Curiosity Drill After Drilling at Telegraph Peak

NASA Image and Video Library

2015-03-06

This view from the Mast Camera (Mastcam) on NASA's Curiosity Mars rover shows the rover's drill just after finishing a drilling operation at a target rock called "Telegraph Peak" on Feb. 24, 2015, the 908th Martian day, or sol, of the rover's work on Mars. Three sols later, a fault-protection action by the rover halted a process of transferring sample powder that was collected during this drilling. The image is in raw color, as recorded directly by the camera, and has not been white-balanced. The fault-protection event, triggered by an irregularity in electrical current, led to engineering tests in subsequent days to diagnose the underlying cause. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA19145

View of equipment building and tower base, looking southeast. Door ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

View of equipment building and tower base, looking southeast. Door opens to radio room, and hood covers the engine room outlet. Vertical pipe with cap above roof is fuel tank vent. - Western Union Telegraph Company, Jennerstown Relay, Laurel Summit Road off U.S. 30, Laughlintown, Westmoreland County, PA

The Bottom Line: Cable Telegraphy and the Rise of Field Theory in the Victorian British Empire

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hunt, Bruce

The networks of telegraph wires and undersea cables that began to spread across the world in the 1840s and 1850s had far-reaching effects on commerce and the dissemination of news. They also had deep effects on electrical science. In this paper, I will argue that what might at first appear to be a prime example of pure science--the development of electromagnetic field theory in Britain in the middle decades of the 19th century--was in fact driven in important ways by developments in the telegraph industry, particularly British scientists' and engineers' encounters with puzzling new phenomenon of the `retardation' of signals that turned up on underground wires and undersea cables in the early 1850s.

Analytical study of fractional equations describing anomalous diffusion of energetic particles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tawfik, A. M.; Fichtner, H.; Schlickeiser, R.; Elhanbaly, A.

2017-06-01

To present the main influence of anomalous diffusion on the energetic particle propagation, the fractional derivative model of transport is developed by deriving the fractional modified Telegraph and Rayleigh equations. Analytical solutions of the fractional modified Telegraph and the fractional Rayleigh equations, which are defined in terms of Caputo fractional derivatives, are obtained by using the Laplace transform and the Mittag-Leffler function method. The solutions of these fractional equations are given in terms of special functions like Fox’s H, Mittag-Leffler, Hermite and Hyper-geometric functions. The predicted travelling pulse solutions are discussed in each case for different values of fractional order.

Baron Kelvin of Largs: an economical engineer.

PubMed

Fara, Patricia

2007-12-01

William Thomson--honoured as Baron Kelvin of Largs--was Victorian Britain's most famous physicist, especially celebrated for laying the trans-Atlantic telegraph cable. As well as profiting financially from his many engineering projects, Kelvin introduced influential theories about energy and electromagnetism, all strongly coloured by his industrial experiences and the thrifty attitudes of Scottish Christians. Never accepting radioactivity as an additional energy source to the sun, he insisted that the Earth's life span was far too short for evolution to have taken place.

26 CFR 49.4252-3 - Telegraph service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... of the telegraph message for the purpose of determining the amount subject to tax. In such case, the.... A charge made for a telephone call which is used to reach a telegraph office for the purpose of...

26 CFR 49.4252-3 - Telegraph service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... of the telegraph message for the purpose of determining the amount subject to tax. In such case, the.... A charge made for a telephone call which is used to reach a telegraph office for the purpose of...

"A New Business in the World": The Telegraph, Privacy, and the U.S. Constitution in the Nineteenth Century.

PubMed

Jepsen, Thomas

2018-01-01

Disclosures about electronic surveillance by the U.S. National Security Agency have revived interest in issues of communications privacy and Fourth Amendment rights. In the early days of the telegraph, there was no legal protection afforded to the privacy of telegraphic communication, and seizures of telegraphic dispatches figured in major events of the nineteenth century in the United States. Attempts to protect the content of telegrams by defining a customer/operator "privilege" under common law were rejected by the courts, as were attempts to protect the confidentiality of telegraphic communications through an analogy with the postal service. Each attempt by the government and the courts to obtain access to private telegraphic communication revived a debate about the constitutionality of such actions, which ultimately led to a new interpretation of constitutional law, including a legal right to privacy.

Dots and dashes: art, virtual reality, and the telegraph

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ruzanka, Silvia; Chang, Ben

2009-02-01

Dots and Dashes is a virtual reality artwork that explores online romance over the telegraph, based on Ella Cheever Thayer's novel Wired Love - a Romance in Dots and Dashes (an Old Story Told in a New Way)1. The uncanny similarities between this story and the world of today's virtual environments provides the springboard for an exploration of a wealth of anxieties and dreams, including the construction of identities in an electronically mediated environment, the shifting boundaries between the natural and machine worlds, and the spiritual dimensions of science and technology. In this paper we examine the parallels between the telegraph networks and our current conceptions of cyberspace, as well as unique social and cultural impacts specific to the telegraph. These include the new opportunities and roles available to women in the telegraph industry and the connection between the telegraph and the Spiritualist movement. We discuss the development of the artwork, its structure and aesthetics, and the technical development of the work.

47 CFR 63.62 - Type of discontinuance, reduction, or impairment of telephone or telegraph service requiring...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... impairment of telephone or telegraph service requiring formal application. 63.62 Section 63.62... LINES, NEW LINES, AND DISCONTINUANCE, REDUCTION, OUTAGE AND IMPAIRMENT OF SERVICE BY COMMON CARRIERS... Impairment § 63.62 Type of discontinuance, reduction, or impairment of telephone or telegraph service...

Parent Telegraphic Speech Use and Spoken Language in Preschoolers with ASD

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Venker, Courtney E.; Bolt, Daniel M.; Meyer, Allison; Sindberg, Heidi; Weismer, Susan Ellis; Tager-Flusberg, Helen

2015-01-01

Purpose: There is considerable controversy regarding whether to use telegraphic or grammatical input when speaking to young children with language delays, including children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study examined telegraphic speech use in parents of preschoolers with ASD and associations with children's spoken language 1 year…

48 CFR 14.302 - Bid submission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... paragraphs (b) and (c) below as the designated office) not later than the exact time set for opening of bids... later than the time set for the bid opening; (4) The telegraph office that received the telegraphic bid... indicates on its face that it was received in the telegraph office before the telephone call was received by...

Numerical Analysis of an H 1-Galerkin Mixed Finite Element Method for Time Fractional Telegraph Equation

PubMed Central

Wang, Jinfeng; Zhao, Meng; Zhang, Min; Liu, Yang; Li, Hong

2014-01-01

We discuss and analyze an H 1-Galerkin mixed finite element (H 1-GMFE) method to look for the numerical solution of time fractional telegraph equation. We introduce an auxiliary variable to reduce the original equation into lower-order coupled equations and then formulate an H 1-GMFE scheme with two important variables. We discretize the Caputo time fractional derivatives using the finite difference methods and approximate the spatial direction by applying the H 1-GMFE method. Based on the discussion on the theoretical error analysis in L 2-norm for the scalar unknown and its gradient in one dimensional case, we obtain the optimal order of convergence in space-time direction. Further, we also derive the optimal error results for the scalar unknown in H 1-norm. Moreover, we derive and analyze the stability of H 1-GMFE scheme and give the results of a priori error estimates in two- or three-dimensional cases. In order to verify our theoretical analysis, we give some results of numerical calculation by using the Matlab procedure. PMID:25184148

Keeping Our Eyes Open: Conducting Aerial Reconnaissance Without Space

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-05-01

worldwide went haywire. Spark discharges shocked telegraph operators and set the telegraph paper on fire. Even when telegraphers disconnected the... CORONA , and satellite reconnaissance was born.156 (See Figure X) Lessons From The Eisenhower Years This era of bi-polar tension, ostensibly...satellite reconnaissance capability started with CORONA appeared to offer a way to achieve overhead reconnaissance without attribution or risk. For

Heat currents in electronic junctions driven by telegraph noise

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Entin-Wohlman, O.; Chowdhury, D.; Aharony, A.; Dattagupta, S.

2017-11-01

The energy and charge fluxes carried by electrons in a two-terminal junction subjected to a random telegraph noise, produced by a single electronic defect, are analyzed. The telegraph processes are imitated by the action of a stochastic electric field that acts on the electrons in the junction. Upon averaging over all random events of the telegraph process, it is found that this electric field supplies, on the average, energy to the electronic reservoirs, which is distributed unequally between them: the stronger is the coupling of the reservoir with the junction, the more energy it gains. Thus the noisy environment can lead to a temperature gradient across an unbiased junction.

Telegraph noise in Markovian master equation for electron transport through molecular junctions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kosov, Daniel S.

2018-05-01

We present a theoretical approach to solve the Markovian master equation for quantum transport with stochastic telegraph noise. Considering probabilities as functionals of a random telegraph process, we use Novikov's functional method to convert the stochastic master equation to a set of deterministic differential equations. The equations are then solved in the Laplace space, and the expression for the probability vector averaged over the ensemble of realisations of the stochastic process is obtained. We apply the theory to study the manifestations of telegraph noise in the transport properties of molecular junctions. We consider the quantum electron transport in a resonant-level molecule as well as polaronic regime transport in a molecular junction with electron-vibration interaction.

Series expansion solutions for the multi-term time and space fractional partial differential equations in two- and three-dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ye, H.; Liu, F.; Turner, I.; Anh, V.; Burrage, K.

2013-09-01

Fractional partial differential equations with more than one fractional derivative in time describe some important physical phenomena, such as the telegraph equation, the power law wave equation, or the Szabo wave equation. In this paper, we consider two- and three-dimensional multi-term time and space fractional partial differential equations. The multi-term time-fractional derivative is defined in the Caputo sense, whose order belongs to the interval (1,2],(2,3],(3,4] or (0, m], and the space-fractional derivative is referred to as the fractional Laplacian form. We derive series expansion solutions based on a spectral representation of the Laplacian operator on a bounded region. Some applications are given for the two- and three-dimensional telegraph equation, power law wave equation and Szabo wave equation.

Blue Marsh Lake, Bernville Protective Works. Design Memorandum Number 13 Schuylkill River basin. Tulpehocken Creek, Pennsylvania

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-03-01

Aetna Telephone and Telegraph Company Z60 E. Washington Avenue Meyerstown, PA 19602 Mr. James Vallosio, Supervisor Engineering Department Heidelberg...line: (1) Miscellaneous Book Volume 311, page 456, Berks County Records - Clarence W. Mengel and Lillian W. Mengel, his wife and Henry L. Kalbach and...Marion B. Kalbach , his wife - agreement ) and right of way to Bernville Borough Authority. (2) Mi ’ ellaneous Book Volume 311, Page 509, Berks County

Robust random telegraph conductivity noise in single crystals of the ferromagnetic insulating manganite La0.86Ca0.14MnO3

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Przybytek, J.; Fink-Finowicki, J.; Puźniak, R.; Shames, A.; Markovich, V.; Mogilyansky, D.; Jung, G.

2017-03-01

Robust random telegraph conductivity fluctuations have been observed in La0.86Ca0.14MnO3 manganite single crystals. At room temperatures, the spectra of conductivity fluctuations are featureless and follow a 1 /f shape in the entire experimental frequency and bias range. Upon lowering the temperature, clear Lorentzian bias-dependent excess noise appears on the 1 /f background and eventually dominates the spectral behavior. In the time domain, fully developed Lorentzian noise appears as pronounced two-level random telegraph noise with a thermally activated switching rate, which does not depend on bias current and applied magnetic field. The telegraph noise is very robust and persists in the exceptionally wide temperature range of more than 50 K. The amplitude of the telegraph noise decreases exponentially with increasing bias current in exactly the same manner as the sample resistance increases with the current, pointing out the dynamic current redistribution between percolation paths dominated by phase-separated clusters with different conductivity as a possible origin of two-level conductivity fluctuations.

27 CFR 70.281 - Form of bond and security required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

..., express or telegraph money order; (v) Secured by corporate bonds or stocks, or by bonds issued by a State... of business or legal residence of the primary obligor is located; (ii) The surety must have property... which the principal place of business or legal residence of the primary obligor is located; (iv) The...

Telecommunications Policy Research Conference. Impacts of Telephone Deregulation Section. Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Telecommunications Policy Research Conference, Inc., Washington, DC.

Three papers consider various aspects of the AT&T (American Telephone and Telegraph Company) court-ordered divestiture. The first paper, "InterLATA Toll Alternatives for the Bell Regional Holding Companies" (Elizabeth A. La Blanc, Ann M. Wolf, and Richard M. Wolf), examines six options available to the RHCs (regional holding…

28 CFR 549.80 - Authority to conduct autopsies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... this section, the Warden may order an autopsy or post-mortem operation, including removal of tissue for... person (e.g., coroner, or next-of-kin, or the decedent's consent in the case of tissue removed for...-of-kin that they may telegraph the institution collect with their response. Where permission is not...

28 CFR 549.80 - Authority to conduct autopsies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... this section, the Warden may order an autopsy or post-mortem operation, including removal of tissue for... person (e.g., coroner, or next-of-kin, or the decedent's consent in the case of tissue removed for...-of-kin that they may telegraph the institution collect with their response. Where permission is not...

Telegraph Canyon Creek, City of Chula Vista, San Diego County, California. Detailed Report for Flood Control. Volume 1. Main Report.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-07-01

SECURITY CLASS. (of chi* report) Los Angeles District, Corps of Engineers Ucasfe P.O. Box 2711, Los Angeles, CA 90053 15&. DEL SI F1CATION/OWNGRAOI...greater potential for the possible occurrence of a large earthquake include the Whittier-Elsinore, Agua Caliente, San Jacinto, and the San Andreas...about 900,000 motor vehicles used within the county. 2.20 Air contaminants monitored within the San Diego Bay air basin include carbon monoxide (CO

26 CFR 301.7101-1 - Form of bond and security required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

..., bank, express or telegraph money order; (v) Secured by corporate bonds or stocks, or by bonds issued by... legal residence of the primary obligor is located; (ii) He must have property subject to execution of a... or legal residence of the primary obligor is located; (iv) He must agree not to mortgage, or...

Analytical solutions of the space-time fractional Telegraph and advection-diffusion equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tawfik, Ashraf M.; Fichtner, Horst; Schlickeiser, Reinhard; Elhanbaly, A.

2018-02-01

The aim of this paper is to develop a fractional derivative model of energetic particle transport for both uniform and non-uniform large-scale magnetic field by studying the fractional Telegraph equation and the fractional advection-diffusion equation. Analytical solutions of the space-time fractional Telegraph equation and space-time fractional advection-diffusion equation are obtained by use of the Caputo fractional derivative and the Laplace-Fourier technique. The solutions are given in terms of Fox's H function. As an illustration they are applied to the case of solar energetic particles.

Morse's Miracle Revisited.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bruce, Guy V.

1985-01-01

Mechanically-minded middle school students who have been studying electromagnetism can construct inexpensive telegraphs resembling Samuel Morse's 1844 invention. Instructions (with diagrams), list of materials needed, and suggestions are given for a simple telegraph and for a two-way system. (DH)

Joseph Henry and the Telegraph

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hochfelder, David

1997-04-01

Morse's telegraph rested upon three scientific advances which occured between 1800 and 1830: the development of battery technology, the formulation of laws governing the behavior of electrical components in circuits, and the discovery of electromagnetic phenomena. Joseph Henry was crucial to the development of the early telegraph. His work on electromagnetism made it possible for the electric current to manifest itself as useful mechanical work. Henry developed electromagnets of sufficient lifting power, but which drew relatively small currents; these magnets were the heart of Morse's telegraph receiver. Morse also used electromagnets as relays, which allowed him to transmit signals over great distances. Morse often acknowledged his debt to Henry, and the two enjoyed a cordial working relationship until the mid-1840s. But during the bitter and protracted litigation over Morse's patent, Henry testified (unwillingly, he claimed) against the inventor. This began a lifelong quarrel between the two men, the specifics of which were tedious and petty. In general terms, however, their conflict arose over different notions regarding scientific discovery and technological innovation.

Hole at Telegraph Peak Drilled by Mars Rover Curiosity

NASA Image and Video Library

2015-02-25

This hole, with a diameter slightly smaller than a U.S. dime, was drilled by NASA Curiosity Mars rover into a rock target called Telegraph Peak. The rock is located within the basal layer of Mount Sharp. The hole was drilled on Feb. 24, 2015.

Experimental detection of active defects in few layers MoS2 through random telegraphic signals analysis observed in its FET characteristics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fang, Nan; Nagashio, Kosuke; Toriumi, Akira

2017-03-01

Transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), are expected to be promising for next generation device applications. The existence of sulfur vacancies formed in MoS2, however, will potentially make devices unstable and problematic. Random telegraphic signals (RTSs) have often been studied in small area Si metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) to identify the carrier capture and emission processes at defects. In this paper, we have systemically analyzed RTSs observed in atomically thin layer MoS2 FETs. Several types of RTSs have been analyzed. One is the simple on/off type of telegraphic signals, the second is multilevel telegraphic signals with a superposition of the simple signals, and the third is multilevel telegraphic signals that are correlated with each other. The last one is discussed from the viewpoint of the defect-defect interaction in MoS2 FETs with a weak screening in atomically confined two-dimensional electron-gas systems. Furthermore, the position of defects causing RTSs has also been investigated by preparing MoS2 FETs with multi-probes. The electron beam was locally irradiated to intentionally generate defects in the MoS2 channel. It is clearly demonstrated that the MoS2 channel is one of the RTS origins. RTS analysis enables us to analyze the defect dynamics of TMD devices.

Story Problem Formats: Verbal Versus Telegraphic.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moyer, John C.; And Others

1984-01-01

Students in grades three to seven were given tests on which problems were presented in either verbal or telegraphic format. Only in grade six was a significant difference found, favoring the verbal format. Problems with conventional syntax appeared to be easier to interpret than those with bare bones syntax. (MNS)

47 CFR 1.789 - Reports regarding division of international telegraph communication charges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Reports regarding division of international telegraph communication charges. 1.789 Section 1.789 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE Complaints, Applications, Tariffs, and Reports Involving Common Carriers Financial and Accounting Reports and...

Periodic Solution and Stationary Distribution of Stochastic Predator-Prey Models with Higher-Order Perturbation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Qun; Jiang, Daqing

2018-04-01

In this paper, two stochastic predator-prey models with general functional response and higher-order perturbation are proposed and investigated. For the nonautonomous periodic case of the system, by using Khasminskii's theory of periodic solution, we show that the system admits a nontrivial positive T-periodic solution. For the system disturbed by both white and telegraph noises, sufficient conditions for positive recurrence and the existence of an ergodic stationary distribution to the solutions are established. The existence of stationary distribution implies stochastic weak stability to some extent.

Current control of time-averaged magnetization in superparamagnetic tunnel junctions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bapna, Mukund; Majetich, Sara A.

2017-12-01

This work investigates spin transfer torque control of time-averaged magnetization in a small 20 nm × 60 nm nanomagnet with a low thermal stability factor, Δ ˜ 11. Here, the nanomagnet is a part of a magnetic tunnel junction and fluctuates between parallel and anti-parallel magnetization states with respect to the magnetization of the reference layer generating a telegraph signal in the current versus time measurements. The response of the nanomagnet to an external field is first analyzed to characterize the magnetic properties. We then show that the time-averaged magnetization in the telegraph signal can be fully controlled between +1 and -1 by voltage over a small range of 0.25 V. NIST Statistical Test Suite analysis is performed for testing true randomness of the telegraph signal that the device generates when operated at near critical current values for spin transfer torque. Utilizing the probabilistic nature of the telegraph signal generated at two different voltages, a prototype demonstration is shown for multiplication of two numbers using an artificial AND logic gate.

Evaluation of the telegrapher's equation and multiple-flux theories for calculating the transmittance and reflectance of a diffuse absorbing slab.

PubMed

Kong, Steven H; Shore, Joel D

2007-03-01

We study the propagation of light through a medium containing isotropic scattering and absorption centers. With a Monte Carlo simulation serving as the benchmark solution to the radiative transfer problem of light propagating through a turbid slab, we compare the transmission and reflection density computed from the telegrapher's equation, the diffusion equation, and multiple-flux theories such as the Kubelka-Munk and four-flux theories. Results are presented for both normally incident light and diffusely incident light. We find that we can always obtain very good results from the telegrapher's equation provided that two parameters that appear in the solution are set appropriately. We also find an interesting connection between certain solutions of the telegrapher's equation and solutions of the Kubelka-Munk and four-flux theories with a small modification to how the phenomenological parameters in those theories are traditionally related to the optical scattering and absorption coefficients of the slab. Finally, we briefly explore how well the theories can be extended to the case of anisotropic scattering by multiplying the scattering coefficient by a simple correction factor.

7 CFR 301.74-3 - Quarantined areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...; then west on West County House Road to Maple Ridge Road; then west on Maple Ridge Road to Culvert Road; then north on Culvert Road to Telegraph Road; then west on Telegraph Road to Beales Road; then north on Beales Road to Portage Road; then east on Portage Road to Culvert Rd; then north on Culvert Road to Route...

7 CFR 301.74-3 - Quarantined areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...; then west on West County House Road to Maple Ridge Road; then west on Maple Ridge Road to Culvert Road; then north on Culvert Road to Telegraph Road; then west on Telegraph Road to Beales Road; then north on Beales Road to Portage Road; then east on Portage Road to Culvert Rd; then north on Culvert Road to Route...

7 CFR 301.74-3 - Quarantined areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...; then west on West County House Road to Maple Ridge Road; then west on Maple Ridge Road to Culvert Road; then north on Culvert Road to Telegraph Road; then west on Telegraph Road to Beales Road; then north on Beales Road to Portage Road; then east on Portage Road to Culvert Rd; then north on Culvert Road to Route...

7 CFR 301.74-3 - Quarantined areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...; then west on West County House Road to Maple Ridge Road; then west on Maple Ridge Road to Culvert Road; then north on Culvert Road to Telegraph Road; then west on Telegraph Road to Beales Road; then north on Beales Road to Portage Road; then east on Portage Road to Culvert Rd; then north on Culvert Road to Route...

Lightning Strikes the Press: The Impact of the Telegraph on Wisconsin Newspapers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scharlott, Bradford W.

The increase in the number of newspapers in Wisconsin's largest cities from 1840 to 1860 was analyzed to determine whether the coming of the telegraph (1848-1850) spurred newspaper growth significantly. Multiple regression analysis was used to control for the effects of population growth and price-level fluctuations. Even after accounting for the…

BEMRP: Beyond the bitterroot

Treesearch

Greg Jones

2008-01-01

Sometimes a name says it all, and sometimes a name is just a name. Joe's Income Tax and Bookkeeping Service probably does just what it says. On the other hand, there's AT&T. Until 2005, the initials stood for American Telephone & Telegraph, but in the last couple of decades when you saw "AT&T," you didn't think of the telegraph. You...

New trends in Taylor series based applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kocina, Filip; Šátek, Václav; Veigend, Petr; Nečasová, Gabriela; Valenta, Václav; Kunovský, Jiří

2016-06-01

The paper deals with the solution of large system of linear ODEs when minimal comunication among parallel processors is required. The Modern Taylor Series Method (MTSM) is used. The MTSM allows using a higher order during the computation that means a larger integration step size while keeping desired accuracy. As an example of complex systems we can take the Telegraph Equation Model. Symbolic and numeric solutions are compared when harmonic input signal is used.

The Telegraph and the Control of Material Movements: A Micro-Study about the Detachment of Communication from Transport.

PubMed

Wenzlhuemer, Roland

Relatively recent historiographical approaches such as global or transnational history have attracted new attention to telegraphy and its role in processes of globalization. This renewed interest in submarine cables and overland wires has recently provided us with a reasonably good idea of how the global telegraph network developed in the nineteenth century, who its principal designers were, and where it was more and where it was less tight. Little, however, has been said so far about the actual matters communicated telegraphically, certainly not in any systematic fashion. Apart from individual telegraphic messages that gained prominence in political or military history, the contents of telegrams have attracted little historiographical attention. What was conveyed in telegrams has not been interrogated as to its significance in globalization processes. This article seeks to make a first step in this direction and suggests that only in a content analysis of everyday telegrams do the most important qualities of telegraphy become apparent. It introduces a small but coherent corpus of telegrams-the Bala railway telegrams-that provides us with a rare opportunity to study the contents of telegraphic messages in a systematic form. In the course of the analysis of the Bala railway telegrams the importance of this device's power to coordinate and control movement begins to show. By relating evidence from this micro-level study to the contexts in which telegraphy was employed on a larger scale, the article suggests that this capacity for coordination and control was the principal new quality introduced by the technology.

Telegraph Canyon Creek, City of Chula Vista, San Diego County, California. Detailed Report for Flood Control. Volume 2. Technical Appendixes.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-07-01

occurred within 40 miles of’ the site. Most of these earthquakes appear to be related to activity on the Elsinore, Agua Caliente, and offshore faults. The...device would be required by the Sweetwater Authority to prevent contamination of potable water lines. TELEGRAPH CANYON CREEK - - Recommended Plant List A

INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH AT THE EASTERN TELEGRAPH COMPANY, 1872-1929

PubMed Central

2015-01-01

By the late nineteenth century the submarine telegraph cable industry, which had blossomed in the 1850s, had reached what historians regard as technological maturity. For a host of commercial, cultural and technical reasons, the industry seems to have become conservative in its attitude towards technological development, which is reflected in the small scale of its staff and facilities for research and development. This paper argues that the attitude of the cable industry towards research and development was less conservative and altogether more complex than historians have suggested. Focusing on the crucial case of the Eastern Telegraph Company, the largest single operator of submarine cables, it shows how the company encouraged inventive activity among outside and in-house electricians and, in 1903, established a small research laboratory where staff and outside scientific advisors pursued new methods of cable signalling and cable designs. The scale of research and development at the Eastern Telegraph Company, however, was small by comparison to that of its nearest competitor, Western Union, and dwarfed by that of large electrical manufacturers. This paper explores the reasons for this comparatively weak provision but also suggests that this was not inappropriate for a service-sector firm. PMID:25977587

Environmental Assessment: 13th Street Bridge Emergency Repair and Retrofit Vandenberg Air Force Base California

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-06-23

white sweet clover (Melilotus alba), telegraph weed (Heterotheca grand{flora), horseweed (Conyza spp.), cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium ), and western...Urtica dioica Xanthium strumarium 1 Wetland Indicator Status (WIS)- PLANT SPECIES COMMON NAME WIS1 Box elder FACW Western ragweed FAC...Melilotus alba). telegraph weed (Heterotheca grandUlora). horseweed (C’onyza spp.). cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium ). and western ragweed (Ambrosia

Making Strategic Sense of Cyber Power: Why the Sky is Not Falling

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-04-01

identified very plausibly in the early- 19th century . In that regard, it is probably no exaggeration to argue that the elec- tric telegraph in the 1840s...including: The Sheriff: America’s Defense of the New World Order (University Press of Kentucky, 2004); Another Bloody Century : Fu- ture Warfare (Weidenfeld...provenance of the better part of a century prior to 1945, that of our contemporary IT revolution centered around the computer and its exploitation

Application of the θ-method to a telegraphic model of fluid flow in a dual-porosity medium

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

González-Calderón, Alfredo; Vivas-Cruz, Luis X.; Herrera-Hernández, Erik César

2018-01-01

This work focuses mainly on the study of numerical solutions, which are obtained using the θ-method, of a generalized Warren and Root model that includes a second-order wave-like equation in its formulation. The solutions approximately describe the single-phase hydraulic head in fractures by considering the finite velocity of propagation by means of a Cattaneo-like equation. The corresponding discretized model is obtained by utilizing a non-uniform grid and a non-uniform time step. A simple relationship is proposed to give the time-step distribution. Convergence is analyzed by comparing results from explicit, fully implicit, and Crank-Nicolson schemes with exact solutions: a telegraphic model of fluid flow in a single-porosity reservoir with relaxation dynamics, the Warren and Root model, and our studied model, which is solved with the inverse Laplace transform. We find that the flux and the hydraulic head have spurious oscillations that most often appear in small-time solutions but are attenuated as the solution time progresses. Furthermore, we show that the finite difference method is unable to reproduce the exact flux at time zero. Obtaining results for oilfield production times, which are in the order of months in real units, is only feasible using parallel implicit schemes. In addition, we propose simple parallel algorithms for the memory flux and for the explicit scheme.

JPRS Report, Arms Control

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-10-04

General Trading , Sharjah, which, in turn, apparently sold the chemical to M/s Rhcinscn chemical products GnbH, Düsseldorf, West Germany. He said Transpek...Situation 30 Sep-2 Oct [Prague Radio 29 Sep] 2 Tank Dismantling Begins in North Moravia [CTK 28 Sep] 2 Jackson Hole Meetings ’Very Productive ’ [J...13 Missile Project Consortium [THE TELEGRAPH 10 Jim] 14 Production of Missile Devices [S. Srinivasan; THE TELEGRAPH 14 Jim] 15

Temperature dependent characteristics of the random telegraph noise on contact resistive random access memory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chang, Liang-Shun; Lin, Chrong Jung; King, Ya-Chin

2014-01-01

The temperature dependent characteristics of the random telegraphic noise (RTN) on contact resistive random access memory (CRRAM) are studied in this work. In addition to the bi-level switching, the occurrences of the middle states in the RTN signal are investigated. Based on the unique its temperature dependent characteristics, a new temperature sensing scheme is proposed for applications in ultra-low power sensor modules.

System Design Plan for a DCS (Defense Communications System) Data Transmission Network.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-07-01

modems , FDO group modems , and Voice Frequency Carrier Telegraph (VFCT) networks. The DTN will be a synchronous network and its implementation must coincide...Frequency (VF) modems and Voice Frequency Carrier Telegraph (VFCT) networks. Further, data circuits can be extended over present analog FDM facilities using...VF or group data modems . In addition to the availability of terrestrial and satellite digital transmission facilities, the implementation of the DTN

JPRS Report, Epidemiology

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-02-21

type 4 since the poisoning scare. "Figures since Dec 9, when egg consumption fell by half, show that cases of salmonella enteritidis type 4 fell from...Epidemics Reported in Wales [Michael Fleet; THE DAILY TELEGRAPH, 10 Dec 88] • ••••• - 23 Government Gives Statistics on Salmonella Deaths [David...difficult to estimate the size of an outbreak. Government Gives Statistics on Salmonella Deaths 54500048 London THE DAILY TELEGRAPH in English 20 Dec

'A thorn in the side of European geodesy': measuring Paris-Greenwich longitude by electric telegraph.

PubMed

Kershaw, Michael

2014-12-01

The difference in longitude between the observatories of Paris and Greenwich was long of fundamental importance to geodesy, navigation and timekeeping. Measured many times and by many different means since the seventeenth century, the preferred method of the later nineteenth and early twentieth centuries made use of the electric telegraph. I describe here for the first time the four Paris-Greenwich telegraphic longitude determinations made between 1854 and 1902. Despite contemporary faith in the new technique, the first was soon found to be inaccurate; the second was a failure, ending in Anglo-French dispute over whose result was to be trusted; the third failed in exactly the same way; and when eventually the fourth was presented as a success, the evidence for that success was far from clear-cut. I use this as a case study in precision measurement, showing how mutual grounding between different measurement techniques, in the search for agreement between them, was an important force for change and improvement. I also show that better precision had more to do with the gradually improving methods of astronomical, time determination than with the singular innovation of the telegraph, thus emphasizing the importance of what have been described as 'observatory techniques' to nineteenth-century practices of precision measurement.

Are you British or Muslim; Can You be Both?

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-05-21

maintain a traditional British identity has reduced the aspiration of immigrants to assimilate into the broader culture and society of their “ new ...maintain a traditional British identity has reduced the aspiration of immigrants to assimilate into the broader culture and society of their ― new ...1 Anthony King, ―What does it mean to be British?‖ Daily Telegraph, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/ news /uknews/4196988/What-does-it

Origin of multi-level switching and telegraphic noise in organic nanocomposite memory devices

PubMed Central

Song, Younggul; Jeong, Hyunhak; Chung, Seungjun; Ahn, Geun Ho; Kim, Tae-Young; Jang, Jingon; Yoo, Daekyoung; Jeong, Heejun; Javey, Ali; Lee, Takhee

2016-01-01

The origin of negative differential resistance (NDR) and its derivative intermediate resistive states (IRSs) of nanocomposite memory systems have not been clearly analyzed for the past decade. To address this issue, we investigate the current fluctuations of organic nanocomposite memory devices with NDR and the IRSs under various temperature conditions. The 1/f noise scaling behaviors at various temperature conditions in the IRSs and telegraphic noise in NDR indicate the localized current pathways in the organic nanocomposite layers for each IRS. The clearly observed telegraphic noise with a long characteristic time in NDR at low temperature indicates that the localized current pathways for the IRSs are attributed to trapping/de-trapping at the deep trap levels in NDR. This study will be useful for the development and tuning of multi-bit storable organic nanocomposite memory device systems. PMID:27659298

Characterization of nitride hole lateral transport in a charge trap flash memory by using a random telegraph signal method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Yu-Heng; Jiang, Cheng-Min; Lin, Hsiao-Yi; Wang, Tahui; Tsai, Wen-Jer; Lu, Tao-Cheng; Chen, Kuang-Chao; Lu, Chih-Yuan

2017-07-01

We use a random telegraph signal method to investigate nitride trapped hole lateral transport in a charge trap flash memory. The concept of this method is to utilize an interface oxide trap and its associated random telegraph signal as an internal probe to detect a local channel potential change resulting from nitride charge lateral movement. We apply different voltages to the drain of a memory cell and vary a bake temperature in retention to study the electric field and temperature dependence of hole lateral movement in a nitride. Thermal energy absorption by trapped holes in lateral transport is characterized. Mechanisms of hole lateral transport in retention are investigated. From the measured and modeled results, we find that thermally assisted trap-to-band tunneling is a major trapped hole emission mechanism in nitride hole lateral transport.

Theory of diffusion of active particles that move at constant speed in two dimensions.

PubMed

Sevilla, Francisco J; Gómez Nava, Luis A

2014-08-01

Starting from a Langevin description of active particles that move with constant speed in infinite two-dimensional space and its corresponding Fokker-Planck equation, we develop a systematic method that allows us to obtain the coarse-grained probability density of finding a particle at a given location and at a given time in arbitrary short-time regimes. By going beyond the diffusive limit, we derive a generalization of the telegrapher equation. Such generalization preserves the hyperbolic structure of the equation and incorporates memory effects in the diffusive term. While no difference is observed for the mean-square displacement computed from the two-dimensional telegrapher equation and from our generalization, the kurtosis results in a sensible parameter that discriminates between both approximations. We carry out a comparative analysis in Fourier space that sheds light on why the standard telegrapher equation is not an appropriate model to describe the propagation of particles with constant speed in dispersive media.

USGS Telecommunications Responding to Change

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hott, James L.

1985-01-01

The telecommunications industry is undergoing tremendous change due to the court ordered breakup of the monopoly once enjoyed by American Telephone & Telegraph (AT&T). This action has resulted in a plethora of new services and products in all of the communications fields, including traditional voice and data. The new products are making extensive use of computer technology. At the same time, costs of telecommunications services have risen dramatically over the past three years. This article reviews some of the major actions that the Geological Survey has taken in response to these changes.

Demand for satellite-provided domestic communications services up to the year 2000

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stevenson, S.; Poley, W.; Lekan, J.; Salzman, J. A.

1984-01-01

Three fixed service telecommunications demand assessment studies were completed for NASA by The Western Union Telegraph Company and the U.S. Telephone and Telegraph Corporation. They provided forecasts of the total U.S. domestic demand, from 1980 to the year 2000, for voice, data, and video services. That portion that is technically and economically suitable for transmission by satellite systems, both large trunking systems and customer premises services (CPS) systems was also estimated. In order to provide a single set of forecasts a NASA synthesis of the above studies was conducted. The services, associated forecast techniques, and data bases employed by both contractors were examined, those elements of each judged to be the most appropriate were selected, and new forecasts were made. The demand for voice, data, and video services was first forecast in fundamental units of call-seconds, bits/year, and channels, respectively. Transmission technology characteristics and capabilities were then forecast, and the fundamental demand converted to an equivalent transmission capacity. The potential demand for satellite-provided services was found to grow by a factor of 6, from 400 to 2400 equivalent 36 MHz satellite transponders over the 20-year period. About 80 percent of this was found to be more appropriate for trunking systems and 20 percent CPS.

Demand for satellite-provided domestic communications services up to the year 2000

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stevenson, S.; Poley, W.; Lekan, J.; Salzman, J. A.

1984-11-01

Three fixed service telecommunications demand assessment studies were completed for NASA by The Western Union Telegraph Company and the U.S. Telephone and Telegraph Corporation. They provided forecasts of the total U.S. domestic demand, from 1980 to the year 2000, for voice, data, and video services. That portion that is technically and economically suitable for transmission by satellite systems, both large trunking systems and customer premises services (CPS) systems was also estimated. In order to provide a single set of forecasts a NASA synthesis of the above studies was conducted. The services, associated forecast techniques, and data bases employed by both contractors were examined, those elements of each judged to be the most appropriate were selected, and new forecasts were made. The demand for voice, data, and video services was first forecast in fundamental units of call-seconds, bits/year, and channels, respectively. Transmission technology characteristics and capabilities were then forecast, and the fundamental demand converted to an equivalent transmission capacity. The potential demand for satellite-provided services was found to grow by a factor of 6, from 400 to 2400 equivalent 36 MHz satellite transponders over the 20-year period. About 80 percent of this was found to be more appropriate for trunking systems and 20 percent CPS.

The quickening of science communication.

PubMed

Lucky, R

2000-07-14

In this month's essay, Robert Lucky examines the central sociological impacts that communications technologies have had on the way science is done as well as the critical influences science has had in the evolution of communications technology. He traces the evolution of today's infrastructure for research and collaboration in science via the Internet and the World Wide Web back to the invention of the telegraph, which first freed the flow of information from its reliance on the physical means of transportation and allowed communication to occur in real time. According to Lucky, the remaining technical hurdles in providing unlimited bandwidth are relatively simple to overcome compared with the sociotechnical engineering required to improve the three dimensions of communications--human to information, human to human, and human to computer.

Low-frequency random telegraphic noise and 1/f noise in the rare-earth manganite Pr0.63Ca0.37MnO3 near the charge-ordering transition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bid, Aveek; Guha, Ayan; Raychaudhuri, A. K.

2003-05-01

We have studied low-frequency resistance fluctuations (noise) in a single crystal of the rare-earth perovskite manganite Pr0.63Ca0.37MnO3, which shows a charge-ordering transition at a temperature TCO≈245 K. The measurements were made across the charge-ordering transition covering the temperature range 200 K

No actual measurement … was required: Maxwell and Cavendish's null method for the inverse square law of electrostatics.

PubMed

Falconer, Isobel

In 1877 James Clerk Maxwell and his student Donald MacAlister refined Henry Cavendish's 1773 null experiment demonstrating the absence of electricity inside a charged conductor. This null result was a mathematical prediction of the inverse square law of electrostatics, and both Cavendish and Maxwell took the experiment as verifying the law. However, Maxwell had already expressed absolute conviction in the law, based on results of Michael Faraday's. So, what was the value to him of repeating Cavendish's experiment? After assessing whether the law was as secure as he claimed, this paper explores its central importance to the electrical programme that Maxwell was pursuing. It traces the historical and conceptual re-orderings through which Maxwell established the law by constructing a tradition of null tests and asserting the superior accuracy of the method. Maxwell drew on his developing 'doctrine of method' to identify Cavendish's experiment as a member of a wider class of null methods. By doing so, he appealed to the null practices of telegraph engineers, diverted attention from the flawed logic of the method, and sought to localise issues around the mapping of numbers onto instrumental indications, on the grounds that 'no actual measurement … was required'. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Random Telegraph Signal Amplitudes in Sub 100 nm (Decanano) MOSFETs: A 3D 'Atomistic' Simulation Study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Asenov, Asen; Balasubramaniam, R.; Brown, A. R.; Davies, J. H.; Saini, Subhash

2000-01-01

In this paper we use 3D simulations to study the amplitudes of random telegraph signals (RTS) associated with the trapping of a single carrier in interface states in the channel of sub 100 nm (decanano) MOSFETs. Both simulations using continuous doping charge and random discrete dopants in the active region of the MOSFETs are presented. We have studied the dependence of the RTS amplitudes on the position of the trapped charge in the channel and on the device design parameters. We have observed a significant increase in the maximum RTS amplitude when discrete random dopants are employed in the simulations.

New high resolution Random Telegraph Noise (RTN) characterization method for resistive RAM

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maestro, M.; Diaz, J.; Crespo-Yepes, A.; Gonzalez, M. B.; Martin-Martinez, J.; Rodriguez, R.; Nafria, M.; Campabadal, F.; Aymerich, X.

2016-01-01

Random Telegraph Noise (RTN) is one of the main reliability problems of resistive switching-based memories. To understand the physics behind RTN, a complete and accurate RTN characterization is required. The standard equipment used to analyse RTN has a typical time resolution of ∼2 ms which prevents evaluating fast phenomena. In this work, a new RTN measurement procedure, which increases the measurement time resolution to 2 μs, is proposed. The experimental set-up, together with the recently proposed Weighted Time Lag (W-LT) method for the analysis of RTN signals, allows obtaining a more detailed and precise information about the RTN phenomenon.

Neural coding using telegraphic switching of magnetic tunnel junction

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Suh, Dong Ik; Bae, Gi Yoon; Oh, Heong Sik

2015-05-07

In this work, we present a synaptic transmission representing neural coding with spike trains by using a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ). Telegraphic switching generates an artificial neural signal with both the applied magnetic field and the spin-transfer torque that act as conflicting inputs for modulating the number of spikes in spike trains. The spiking probability is observed to be weighted with modulation between 27.6% and 99.8% by varying the amplitude of the voltage input or the external magnetic field. With a combination of the reverse coding scheme and the synaptic characteristic of MTJ, an artificial function for the synaptic transmissionmore » is achieved.« less

Ir A.H. de Voogt: life and career of a radio pioneer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Strom, R. G.

2007-06-01

There are probably few radio astronomers who would be able to recall A.H. de Voogt, which is unfortunate, but at the same time unsurprising: for he published no original astronomical research, never carried out pioneering observations, nor is his name linked to either theoretical or instrumental breakthroughs. Yet he was described by the man who first observed the 21 cm hydrogen line from the Netherlands as a radio astronomy pioneer, at the very birth of the Dutch effort. He was, moreover, a trail blazer at the cutting edge of radio, not once but twice in his career. Without him it is unlikely that the 21 cm line would have been observed in the Netherlands in 1951, and arguably the H I mapping of the Milky Way under Jan Oort's leadership would have taken place much later, if at all. Radio astronomy observing itself might well have been compromised by interference had it not been for De Voogt's foresight. \\ Anthonet Hugo de Voogt (1892-1969) built, while still a teenager, one of the very first amateur radio stations (call letters VO: *** -/- - -) in Holland, earned the radio-telegrapher's diploma during his student days, and was intimately involved in the foundation of the Dutch Society for Radio-Telegraphy in 1916. Until the 1920s, he was very active in amateur radio and astronomy circles. Trained in electrical engineering at Delft, he joined the PTT (Post Office) as a telegraph engineer in 1919, worked his way through the ranks to become head of the telephone district of Breda in 1939, and was promoted to head the PTT Radio Service just days after the end of the war. As his department was responsible for overseas radio communication, he initiated a research effort to study radio propagation in the ionosphere and the effects of solar activity. To this end, he rescued a number of Würzburg-Riese 7.5-m radar antennas abandoned at the end of the war, made one available for Jan Oort's H I work, and launched a series of radio astronomical initiatives. His group also built a number of antennas, monitored solar emission, and participated in the International Geophysical Year (1957-1958).

Teaching ethics in engineering education through historical analysis.

PubMed

Billington, David P

2006-04-01

The goal of this paper is to stress the significance of ethics for engineering education and to illustrate how it can be brought into the mainstream of higher education in a natural way that is integrated with the teaching objectives of enriching the core meaning of engineering. Everyone will agree that the practicing engineer should be virtuous, should be a good colleague, and should use professional understanding for the common good. But these injunctions to virtue do not reach closely enough the ethic of the engineer as engineer, as someone acting in a uniquely engineering situation, and it is to such conditions that I wish to speak through a set of specific examples from recent history. I shall briefly refer to four controversies between engineers. Then, in some detail I shall narrate three historical cases that directly involve the actions of one engineer, and finally I would like to address some common contemporary issues. The first section, Engineering Ethics and the History of Innovation, includes four cases involving professional controversy. Each controversy sets two people against each other in disputes over who invented the telegraph, the radio, the automobile, and the airplane. In each dispute, it is possible to identify ethical and unethical behavior or ambiguous ethical behavior that serves as a basis for educational discussion. The first two historical cases described in "Crises and the Engineer" involve the primary closure dam systems in The Netherlands, each one the result of the actions of one engineer. The third tells of an American engineer who took his political boss, a big city mayor, to court over the illegal use of a watershed. The challenges these engineers faced required, in the deepest sense, a commitment to ethical behavior that is unique to engineering and instructive to our students. Finally, the cases in "Professors and Comparative Critical Analysis" illuminate the behavior of engineers in the design of structures and also how professors can make public criticisms of designs that seem wasteful.

Active motion on curved surfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castro-Villarreal, Pavel; Sevilla, Francisco J.

2018-05-01

A theoretical analysis of active motion on curved surfaces is presented in terms of a generalization of the telegrapher equation. Such a generalized equation is explicitly derived as the polar approximation of the hierarchy of equations obtained from the corresponding Fokker-Planck equation of active particles diffusing on curved surfaces. The general solution to the generalized telegrapher equation is given for a pulse with vanishing current as initial data. Expressions for the probability density and the mean squared geodesic displacement are given in the limit of weak curvature. As an explicit example of the formulated theory, the case of active motion on the sphere is presented, where oscillations observed in the mean squared geodesic displacement are explained.

Analysis of photogenerated random telegraph signal in single electron detector (photo-SET).

PubMed

Troudi, M; Sghaier, Na; Kalboussi, A; Souifi, A

2010-01-04

In this paper, we analyzed slow single traps, situated inside the tunnel oxide of small area single electron photo-detector (photo-SET or nanopixel). The relationship between excitation signal (photons) and random-telegraph-signal (RTS) was evidenced. We demonstrated that photoinduced RTS observed on a photo-detector is due to the interaction between single photogenerated charges that tunnel from dot to dot and current path. Based on RTS analysis for various temperatures, gate bias and optical power we determined the characteristics of these single photogenerated traps: the energy position within the silicon bandgap, capture cross section and the position within the Si/SiO(x = 1.5) interfaces.

The information systems heritage. [overview of technology developments over past five decades

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kurzhals, P. R.; Bricker, R. W.; Jensen, A. S.; Smith, A. T.

1981-01-01

This paper addresses key developments in the evolution of information systems over the past five decades. Major areas covered include the growth of imaging sensors from such pioneering devices as the iconoscope and orthicon which ushered in television, through a wide range of vidicon tubes, to the solid-state arrays which characterize current systems; the phenomenal expansion of electronic communications from telegraph and telephone wires, through the introduction of broadcast and microwave relay services, to the present era of worldwide satellite communications and data networks; and the key role of digital computers from their ancient precursors like the abacus and the mechanical calculating engines, through the appearance of the first large-scale electronic computers and their transistorized successors, to the rapid proliferation of miniaturized processors which impact every aspect of aerospace systems today.

Survey of timing/synchronization of operating wideband digital communications networks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mitchell, R. L.

1978-01-01

In order to benefit from experience gained from the synchronization of operational wideband digital networks, a survey was made of three such systems: Data Transmission Company, Western Union Telegraph Company, and the Computer Communications Group of the Trans-Canada Telephone System. The focus of the survey was on deployment and operational experience from a practical (as opposed to theoretical) viewpoint. The objective was to provide a report on the results of deployment how the systems performed, and wherein the performance differed from that predicted or intended in the design. It also attempted to determine how the various system designers would use the benefit of hindsight if they could design those same systems today.

Galaxy destruction in the violent universe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Purcell, Christopher Wayne

My dissertation takes a novel interdisciplinary approach to Atlantic slavery in the nineteenth century. Unlike previous work on slave economies, it draws upon transnational studies and, especially, the history of science and technology. My research examines transnational networks of "industrial experts" such as chemists and machinists, paying particular attention to the new forms of knowledge they articulated while working in slave societies. While mostly ignored by scholars of both slavery and industrialization, chemists, engineers, statisticians, and machinists worked extensively in sugar refineries, railroad/telegraph systems, machine shops, automated flour-mills and other nodes of commodity production in slave societies of the Americas. Including these important new players in the sociology of the plantation both enriches our understanding of slave societies, and challenges scholars of the Industrial Revolution in the northern United States and Western Europe to revise some of their longest-held notions about the place of slavery in the development of modern capitalism.

Static and low frequency noise characterization of ultra-thin body InAs MOSFETs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karatsori, T. A.; Pastorek, M.; Theodorou, C. G.; Fadjie, A.; Wichmann, N.; Desplanque, L.; Wallart, X.; Bollaert, S.; Dimitriadis, C. A.; Ghibaudo, G.

2018-05-01

A complete static and low frequency noise characterization of ultra-thin body InAs MOSFETs is presented. Characterization techniques, such as the well-known Y-function method established for Si MOSFETs, are applied in order to extract the electrical parameters and study the behavior of these research grade devices. Additionally, the Lambert-W function parameter extraction methodology valid from weak to strong inversion is also used in order to verify its applicability in these experimental level devices. Moreover, a low-frequency noise characterization of the UTB InAs MOSFETs is presented, revealing carrier trapping/detrapping in slow oxide traps and remote Coulomb scattering as origin of 1/f noise, which allowed for the extraction of the oxide trap areal density. Finally, Lorentzian-like noise is also observed in the sub-micron area devices and attributed to both Random Telegraph Noise from oxide individual traps and g-r noise from the semiconductor interface.

Random telegraph noise in 2D hexagonal boron nitride dielectric films

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ranjan, A.; Puglisi, F. M.; Raghavan, N.; O'Shea, S. J.; Shubhakar, K.; Pavan, P.; Padovani, A.; Larcher, L.; Pey, K. L.

2018-03-01

This study reports the observation of low frequency random telegraph noise (RTN) in a 2D layered hexagonal boron nitride dielectric film in the pre- and post-soft breakdown phases using conductive atomic force microscopy as a nanoscale spectroscopy tool. The RTN traces of the virgin and electrically stressed dielectric (after percolation breakdown) were compared, and the signal features were statistically analyzed using the Factorial Hidden Markov Model technique. We observe a combination of both two-level and multi-level RTN signals in h-BN, akin to the trends commonly observed for bulk oxides such as SiO2 and HfO2. Experimental evidence suggests frequent occurrence of unstable and anomalous RTN traces in 2D dielectrics which makes extraction of defect energetics challenging.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

When the last really big solar storm hit in 1921, Earth’s magnetic field funneled a wave of electrically charged particles toward the ground, where they induced a current along telegraph lines and railroad tracks, setting to telegraph offices and train stations—and the fledgling electric grid went dark. Almost a century later, today’s grid is bigger, more interconnected, and even more susceptible to a solar storm disaster. Los Alamos National Laboratory is developing a scientific analysis about how frequently a major geomagnetic storm might strike, which regions of the country are most vulnerable, and how bad it might be. This analysismore » is part of a plan to support electric utility companies and government regulators in taking the necessary steps to spare us all from the nightmare of days, weeks, or even months without power.« less

9 CFR 354.144 - Advance information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... any inspection certificate issued to such applicant may be telephoned or telegraphed to him, or to any person designated by him, at his expense. Basis of Acceptability of Other Official Inspection Systems ...

Equipment boxes (later addition) one level down from antenna cab, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Equipment boxes (later addition) one level down from antenna cab, looking southwest. - Western Union Telegraph Company, Jennerstown Relay, Laurel Summit Road off U.S. 30, Laughlintown, Westmoreland County, PA

Antenna cab interior showing equipment rack and fiberglass antenna panels, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Antenna cab interior showing equipment rack and fiberglass antenna panels, looking west. - Western Union Telegraph Company, Jennerstown Relay, Laurel Summit Road off U.S. 30, Laughlintown, Westmoreland County, PA

Antenna cab interior showing equipment rack and fiberglass antenna panels, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Antenna cab interior showing equipment rack and fiberglass antenna panels, looking southeast. - Western Union Telegraph Company, Jennerstown Relay, Laurel Summit Road off U.S. 30, Laughlintown, Westmoreland County, PA

Japan nurtures telecommunications on classic formula

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davis, Neil

1987-03-01

As in other industrial sectors, Japanese telecommunications organizations export significantly more products than they import, even when substantial cost-savings can be realized. One example is optical fibers, which some Japanese service companies do not buy from outside suppliers who have taken advantage of economies of scale. Nippon Telephone and Telegraph, until recently a common carrier, is meeting increasing competition from newly-formed indigenous telecommunications subsidiaries who are taking advantage of fiber optics and microwave communications capabilities. Various cooperative projects with U.S. companies are described, noting the tendency of Japanese manufacturers to cease relationships with U.S. companies when Japanese products become competitive and also the necessity of U.S. firms to gain political cooperation from the Japanese government in order to make sales in Japan.

32 CFR 553.12 - Encroachments and revocable licenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) Encroachments. No railroads will be permitted upon the right-of-way acquired by the United States leading to... (including underground lines) for transmitting and distributing electric power or for telephone and telegraph...

Hallway, bunkhouse, second floor interior. Looking east showing the stair ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Hallway, bunkhouse, second floor interior. Looking east showing the stair railing, light from skylight above, and original 5 panel wood doors. - Sespe Ranch, Bunkhouse, 2896 Telegraph Road, Fillmore, Ventura County, CA

Antenna cab interior showing waveguide from external parabolic antenna (later ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Antenna cab interior showing waveguide from external parabolic antenna (later addition), looking north. - Western Union Telegraph Company, Jennerstown Relay, Laurel Summit Road off U.S. 30, Laughlintown, Westmoreland County, PA

26 CFR 49.4253-5 - Exemption for items otherwise taxed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... otherwise taxed. A dispatch, message, or conversation transmitted by toll telephone, telegraph, or... considered to be one dispatch, message, or conversation, and is subject to only one payment of tax under...

26 CFR 49.4253-5 - Exemption for items otherwise taxed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... otherwise taxed. A dispatch, message, or conversation transmitted by toll telephone, telegraph, or... considered to be one dispatch, message, or conversation, and is subject to only one payment of tax under...

47 CFR 63.09 - Definitions applicable to international Section 214 authorizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... interest in bare capacity in the U.S. end of an international facility, regardless of whether the... Telecommunication Regulations, see Final Acts of the World Administrative Telegraph and Telephone Conference...

47 CFR 63.09 - Definitions applicable to international Section 214 authorizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... interest in bare capacity in the U.S. end of an international facility, regardless of whether the... Telecommunication Regulations, see Final Acts of the World Administrative Telegraph and Telephone Conference...

47 CFR 63.09 - Definitions applicable to international Section 214 authorizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... interest in bare capacity in the U.S. end of an international facility, regardless of whether the... Telecommunication Regulations, see Final Acts of the World Administrative Telegraph and Telephone Conference...

Deregulation and Competition in European Telecommunications.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palmer, Michael; Tunstall, Jeremy

1988-01-01

Contrasts the telecommunications policies of Britain, which privatized the industry, and France, which chose governmental monopoly and state enterprise, in the context of the U. S. divestiture of American Telephone and Telegraph (A.T. & T.).

Random telegraph signals by alkanethiol-protected Au nanoparticles in chemically assembled single-electron transistors

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kano, Shinya; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Yokohama 226-8503; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE

2013-12-14

We have studied random telegraph signals (RTSs) in a chemically assembled single-electron transistor (SET) at temperatures as low as 300 mK. The RTSs in the chemically assembled SET were investigated by measuring the source–drain current, using a histogram of the RTS dwell time, and calculating the power spectrum density of the drain current–time characteristics. It was found that the dwell time of the RTS was dependent on the drain voltage of the SET, but was independent of the gate voltage. Considering the spatial structure of the chemically assembled SET, the origin of the RTS is attributed to the trapped chargesmore » on an alkanethiol-protected Au nanoparticle positioned near the SET. These results are important as they will help to realize stable chemically assembled SETs in practical applications.« less

A Harmonic Solution for the Hyperbolic Heat Conduction Equation and Its Relationship to the Guyer-Krumhansl Equation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhukovsky, K. V.

2018-01-01

A particular solution of the hyperbolic heat-conduction equation was constructed using the method of operators. The evolution of a harmonic solution is studied, which simulates the propagation of electric signals in long wire transmission lines. The structures of the solutions of the telegraph equation and of the Guyer-Krumhansl equation are compared. The influence of the phonon heat-transfer mechanism in the environment is considered from the point of view of heat conductivity. The fulfillment of the maximum principle for the obtained solutions is considered. The frequency dependences of heat conductivity in the telegraph equation and in an equation of the Guyer-Krumhansl type are studied and compared with each other. The influence of the Knudsen number on heat conductivity in the model of thin films is studied.

Random Telegraph Signal-Like Fluctuation Created by Fowler-Nordheim Stress in Gate Induced Drain Leakage Current of the Saddle Type Dynamic Random Access Memory Cell Transistor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Heesang; Oh, Byoungchan; Kim, Kyungdo; Cha, Seon-Yong; Jeong, Jae-Goan; Hong, Sung-Joo; Lee, Jong-Ho; Park, Byung-Gook; Shin, Hyungcheol

2010-09-01

We generated traps inside gate oxide in gate-drain overlap region of recess channel type dynamic random access memory (DRAM) cell transistor through Fowler-Nordheim (FN) stress, and observed gate induced drain leakage (GIDL) current both in time domain and in frequency domain. It was found that the trap inside gate oxide could generate random telegraph signal (RTS)-like fluctuation in GIDL current. The characteristics of that fluctuation were similar to those of RTS-like fluctuation in GIDL current observed in the non-stressed device. This result shows the possibility that the trap causing variable retention time (VRT) in DRAM data retention time can be located inside gate oxide like channel RTS of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs).

22. TYPICAL FOR THE FIRST FLOOR INTERIORS, ARE PAIRED COLUMN ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

22. TYPICAL FOR THE FIRST FLOOR INTERIORS, ARE PAIRED COLUMN PILASTERS IN KEENE CEMENT PLASTER. BASE OF PILASTER IS SHOWN. - Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Company Building, 1519 Franklin Street, Oakland, Alameda County, CA

29. VIEW OF 4TH FLOOR'S TELEPHONE RACKS WITH CABLE TRAYS ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

29. VIEW OF 4TH FLOOR'S TELEPHONE RACKS WITH CABLE TRAYS ABOVE. THESE ARE NEWER APPARATUS AND NOT ORIGINAL. - Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Company Building, 1519 Franklin Street, Oakland, Alameda County, CA

1. Historic American Buildings Survey San Francisco Chronicle Photo Undated ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

1. Historic American Buildings Survey San Francisco Chronicle Photo Undated (by Taber) ca. 1885 GREENWICH STREET HOUSES (From Powell to Kearny) - Telegraph Hill, Historic View, Greenwich Street, San Francisco, San Francisco County, CA

East elevation of bunkhouse and agriculture storage sheds, looking west. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

East elevation of bunkhouse and agriculture storage sheds, looking west. The shower house is adjacent to the storage sheds and just south of the bunkhouse. - Sespe Ranch, Bunkhouse, 2896 Telegraph Road, Fillmore, Ventura County, CA

31 CFR 560.547 - Entries in certain accounts for normal service charges authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., telegraph, Internet, or telephone charges; postage costs; custody fees; small adjustment charges to correct... authorizes U.S. depository institutions and U.S. registered brokers or dealers in securities to provide and...

31 CFR 560.547 - Entries in certain accounts for normal service charges authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., telegraph, Internet, or telephone charges; postage costs; custody fees; small adjustment charges to correct... authorizes U.S. depository institutions and U.S. registered brokers or dealers in securities to provide and...

Detail, external parabolic antenna (later addition). Note how waveguide was ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Detail, external parabolic antenna (later addition). Note how waveguide was cut to remove active portion of antenna. - Western Union Telegraph Company, Jennerstown Relay, Laurel Summit Road off U.S. 30, Laughlintown, Westmoreland County, PA

Effect of drain current on appearance probability and amplitude of random telegraph noise in low-noise CMOS image sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ichino, Shinya; Mawaki, Takezo; Teramoto, Akinobu; Kuroda, Rihito; Park, Hyeonwoo; Wakashima, Shunichi; Goto, Tetsuya; Suwa, Tomoyuki; Sugawa, Shigetoshi

2018-04-01

Random telegraph noise (RTN), which occurs in in-pixel source follower (SF) transistors, has become one of the most critical problems in high-sensitivity CMOS image sensors (CIS) because it is a limiting factor of dark random noise. In this paper, the behaviors of RTN toward changes in SF drain current conditions were analyzed using a low-noise array test circuit measurement system with a floor noise of 35 µV rms. In addition to statistical analysis by measuring a large number of transistors (18048 transistors), we also analyzed the behaviors of RTN parameters such as amplitude and time constants in the individual transistors. It is demonstrated that the appearance probability of RTN becomes small under a small drain current condition, although large-amplitude RTN tends to appear in a very small number of cells.

Cardiovascular risk factors in American and Japanese executives. Telecom Health Research Group.

PubMed

Comstock, G W; Suzuki, T; Stone, R W; Crumrine, J L; Johnson, D H; Sakai, Y; Matsuya, T; Sasaki, S

1985-07-01

A standardized cardiovascular risk factor examination was given to executives in the headquarters of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company and the Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation. As expected from the national mortality data, evidence of ischaemic heart disease was more common among American than Japanese executives. The frequency of some but not all risk factors was consistent with the observed differences in ischaemic heart disease. Americans were fatter than their Japanese counterparts, obtained a higher proportion of their caloric intake from animal fats, had higher serum cholesterol levels, and more of them felt that their lives were highly stressful. On the other hand, Japanese executives were much more likely to be cigarette smokers and showed a greater increase in blood pressure with age. Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids in the serum were similar in the two groups.

Effect of Single-Electron Interface Trapping in Decanano MOSFETs: A 3D Atomistic Simulation Study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Asenov, Asen; Balasubramaniam, R.; Brown, A. R.; Davies, J. H.

2000-01-01

We study the effect of trapping/detrapping of a single-electron in interface states in the channel of n-type MOSFETs with decanano dimensions using 3D atomistic simulation techniques. In order to highlight the basic dependencies, the simulations are carried out initially assuming continuous doping charge, and discrete localized charge only for the trapped electron. The dependence of the random telegraph signal (RTS) amplitudes on the device dimensions and on the position of the trapped charge in the channel are studied in detail. Later, in full-scale, atomistic simulations assuming discrete charge for both randomly placed dopants and the trapped electron, we highlight the importance of current percolation and of traps with strategic position where the trapped electron blocks a dominant current path.

Closet in room #17, bunkhouse, second floor interior. Originally a ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Closet in room #17, bunkhouse, second floor interior. Originally a shelf and coat hooks, this was modified with a drawer and door, enclosing the open closet. - Sespe Ranch, Bunkhouse, 2896 Telegraph Road, Fillmore, Ventura County, CA

47 CFR 54.706 - Contributions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...; (12) Telex; (13) Telegraph; (14) Video services; (15) Satellite service; (16) Resale of interstate services; (17) Payphone services; and (18) Interconnected VoIP services. (19) Prepaid calling card... telecommunications services. (d) Entities providing open video systems (OVS), cable leased access, or direct...

47 CFR 54.706 - Contributions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...; (12) Telex; (13) Telegraph; (14) Video services; (15) Satellite service; (16) Resale of interstate services; (17) Payphone services; and (18) Interconnected VoIP services. (19) Prepaid calling card... telecommunications services. (d) Entities providing open video systems (OVS), cable leased access, or direct...

47 CFR 54.706 - Contributions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...; (12) Telex; (13) Telegraph; (14) Video services; (15) Satellite service; (16) Resale of interstate services; (17) Payphone services; and (18) Interconnected VoIP services. (19) Prepaid calling card... telecommunications services. (d) Entities providing open video systems (OVS), cable leased access, or direct...

47 CFR 54.706 - Contributions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...; (12) Telex; (13) Telegraph; (14) Video services; (15) Satellite service; (16) Resale of interstate services; (17) Payphone services; and (18) Interconnected VoIP services. (19) Prepaid calling card... telecommunications services. (d) Entities providing open video systems (OVS), cable leased access, or direct...

47 CFR 54.706 - Contributions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...; (12) Telex; (13) Telegraph; (14) Video services; (15) Satellite service; (16) Resale of interstate services; (17) Payphone services; and (18) Interconnected VoIP services. (19) Prepaid calling card... telecommunications services. (d) Entities providing open video systems (OVS), cable leased access, or direct...

Space weather effects on communications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lanzerotti, Louis J.

In the 150 years since the advent of the first electrical communication system - the electrical telegraph - the diversity of communications technologies that are embedded within space-affected environments have vastly increased. The increasing sophistication of these communications technologies, and how their installation and operations may relate to the environments in which they are embedded, requires ever more sophisticated understanding of natural physical phenomena. At the same time, the business environment for most present-day communications technologies that are affected by space phenomena is very dynamic. The commercial and national security deployment and use of these technologies do not wait for optimum knowledge of possible environmental effects to be acquired before new technological embodiments are created, implemented, and marketed. Indeed, those companies that might foolishly seek perfectionist understanding of natural effects can be left behind by the marketplace. A well-considered balance is needed between seeking ever deeper understanding of physical phenomena and implementing `engineering' solutions to current crises. The research community must try to understand, and operate in, this dynamic environment.

31 CFR 539.204 - Exempt transactions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION TRADE CONTROL REGULATIONS Prohibitions § 539.204 Exempt transactions. (a) Personal communications. The prohibitions contained in this part do not apply to any postal, telegraphic, telephonic, or other personal communication, which does...

Instructional Television In Industry (ITVI): A Survey.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stasheff, Edward; Lavi, Aryeh

Fifteen industrial organizations were surveyed for their use of instructional television (ITV) in their educational programs for employees. The firms surveys included Xerox Corporation, RCA Corporation, General Electric Company, International Telephone and Telegraph, Lockheed Aircraft Corporation, International Business Machines Corporation, etc.…

7 CFR 1210.325 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Procedure. 1210.325 Section 1210.325 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS... mail, telegraph, telephone, or by other means of communication; Provided, That each member receives an...

7 CFR 1210.325 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Procedure. 1210.325 Section 1210.325 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS... mail, telegraph, telephone, or by other means of communication; Provided, That each member receives an...

7 CFR 1160.206 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 9 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Procedure. 1160.206 Section 1160.206 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... of members by mail, telephone, telegraph, or other means of electronic communication when, in the...

7 CFR 1160.206 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 9 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true Procedure. 1160.206 Section 1160.206 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... of members by mail, telephone, telegraph, or other means of electronic communication when, in the...

76 FR 50721 - Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-16

... . Follow the instructions for submitting comments. Mail: Federal Docket Management System Office, 1160... of the Army, Privacy Office, U.S. Army Records Management and Declassification Agency, 7701 Telegraph...; laboratory reports, polygraph reports, documentary evidence, physical evidence, summary and administrative...

9 CFR 95.25 - Transportation of restricted import products; placarding cars and marking billing; unloading...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... black ink and in boldface letters not less than 11/2 inches in height the words “Restricted import... § 95.26, and the said carrier shall immediately report the matter, by telegraph, to the Deputy...

9 CFR 95.25 - Transportation of restricted import products; placarding cars and marking billing; unloading...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... black ink and in boldface letters not less than 11/2 inches in height the words “Restricted import... § 95.26, and the said carrier shall immediately report the matter, by telegraph, to the Deputy...

9 CFR 95.25 - Transportation of restricted import products; placarding cars and marking billing; unloading...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... black ink and in boldface letters not less than 11/2 inches in height the words “Restricted import... § 95.26, and the said carrier shall immediately report the matter, by telegraph, to the Deputy...

9 CFR 95.25 - Transportation of restricted import products; placarding cars and marking billing; unloading...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... black ink and in boldface letters not less than 11/2 inches in height the words “Restricted import... § 95.26, and the said carrier shall immediately report the matter, by telegraph, to the Deputy...

9 CFR 95.25 - Transportation of restricted import products; placarding cars and marking billing; unloading...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... black ink and in boldface letters not less than 11/2 inches in height the words “Restricted import... § 95.26, and the said carrier shall immediately report the matter, by telegraph, to the Deputy...

10 CFR 209.34 - Maintenance of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., telegraphic, telecopied, microfilmed and computer printout material), and where such communication... communication (other than in a meeting held pursuant to this subpart) between or among themselves or with any... action under this subpart, except that where there are several communications within the same day...

10 CFR 209.34 - Maintenance of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., telegraphic, telecopied, microfilmed and computer printout material), and where such communication... communication (other than in a meeting held pursuant to this subpart) between or among themselves or with any... action under this subpart, except that where there are several communications within the same day...

10 CFR 209.34 - Maintenance of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

..., telegraphic, telecopied, microfilmed and computer printout material), and where such communication... communication (other than in a meeting held pursuant to this subpart) between or among themselves or with any... action under this subpart, except that where there are several communications within the same day...

10 CFR 209.34 - Maintenance of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

..., telegraphic, telecopied, microfilmed and computer printout material), and where such communication... communication (other than in a meeting held pursuant to this subpart) between or among themselves or with any... action under this subpart, except that where there are several communications within the same day...

10 CFR 209.34 - Maintenance of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

..., telegraphic, telecopied, microfilmed and computer printout material), and where such communication... communication (other than in a meeting held pursuant to this subpart) between or among themselves or with any... action under this subpart, except that where there are several communications within the same day...

14 CFR 1274.931 - Electronic funds transfer payment methods.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... institution or to provide appropriate payee bank account information may delay payments of amounts otherwise..., the Recipient shall provide the following information: (1) Name, address, and telegraphic abbreviation... access to the Federal Reserve Communication System. (3) Payee's account number at the financial...

Stair and entry room, bunkhouse, first floor interior. Door from ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Stair and entry room, bunkhouse, first floor interior. Door from entry hall leads to toilets and bathing rooms. A coat and hat rack is on each side of the door. - Sespe Ranch, Bunkhouse, 2896 Telegraph Road, Fillmore, Ventura County, CA

Telecommunications and Data Communication in Korea.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ahn, Moon-Suk

All facilities of the Ministry of Communications of Korea, which monopolizes telecommunications services in the country, are listed and described. Both domestic facilities, including long-distance telephone and telegraph circuits, and international connections are included. Computer facilities are also listed. The nation's regulatory policies are…

Bunkhouse basement interior showing storage area and a conveyor belt ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Bunkhouse basement interior showing storage area and a conveyor belt (circa 1936) used to unload dry goods into the basement through an opening on the east side of the bunkhouse. - Sespe Ranch, Bunkhouse, 2896 Telegraph Road, Fillmore, Ventura County, CA

29 CFR 102.6 - Administrative law judge; hearing officer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... as used herein shall mean the agent of the Board conducting the hearing in an unfair labor practice or Telegraph Merger Act proceeding. The term hearing officer as used herein shall mean the agent of... section 10(k) of the Act. ...

26 CFR 49.4253-1 - Exemption for certain coin-operated service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... telephone conversation paid for by inserting coins in a public coin-operated telephone. The tax imposed on... conversation for which a tool charge is made (see paragraph (a) of § 49.4252-2), or to a telegraph message, if...

26 CFR 49.4253-1 - Exemption for certain coin-operated service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... telephone conversation paid for by inserting coins in a public coin-operated telephone. The tax imposed on... conversation for which a tool charge is made (see paragraph (a) of § 49.4252-2), or to a telegraph message, if...

Oblique view of radio room from outside door, looking southeast. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Oblique view of radio room from outside door, looking southeast. Note main electronics rack (left), battery room (through door), and overhead cable ducts. - Western Union Telegraph Company, Jennerstown Relay, Laurel Summit Road off U.S. 30, Laughlintown, Westmoreland County, PA

Detail, lower half of electronics rack in radio room. Westtoeast ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Detail, lower half of electronics rack in radio room. West-to-east circuit is on left, east-to-west circuit is on right. - Western Union Telegraph Company, Jennerstown Relay, Laurel Summit Road off U.S. 30, Laughlintown, Westmoreland County, PA

Detail, top half of electronics rack in radio room. Westtoeast ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Detail, top half of electronics rack in radio room. West-to-east circuit is on left, east-to-west circuit is on right. - Western Union Telegraph Company, Jennerstown Relay, Laurel Summit Road off U.S. 30, Laughlintown, Westmoreland County, PA

7 CFR 982.37 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Procedure. 982.37 Section 982.37 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... person. (b) The Board may vote by mail, telephone, telegraph, or other means of communication: Provided...

7 CFR 959.32 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Procedure. 959.32 Section 959.32 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... in person. (b) The committee may meet by telephone, telegraph, or other means of communication and...

7 CFR 947.26 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Procedure. 947.26 Section 947.26 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements...) The committee may provide for meeting by telephone, telegraph, or other means of communication and any...

7 CFR 948.61 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Procedure. 948.61 Section 948.61 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... members, to vote by mail, telegraph, telephone, or other means of communication, provided that any such...

7 CFR 959.32 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Procedure. 959.32 Section 959.32 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... in person. (b) The committee may meet by telephone, telegraph, or other means of communication and...

7 CFR 948.61 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Procedure. 948.61 Section 948.61 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... members, to vote by mail, telegraph, telephone, or other means of communication, provided that any such...

7 CFR 945.30 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Procedure. 945.30 Section 945.30 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... telephone, telegraph or other means of communication and any vote cast at such meeting shall be confirmed...

7 CFR 982.37 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Procedure. 982.37 Section 982.37 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... person. (b) The Board may vote by mail, telephone, telegraph, or other means of communication: Provided...

7 CFR 947.26 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Procedure. 947.26 Section 947.26 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements...) The committee may provide for meeting by telephone, telegraph, or other means of communication and any...

7 CFR 945.30 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Procedure. 945.30 Section 945.30 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... telephone, telegraph or other means of communication and any vote cast at such meeting shall be confirmed...

7 CFR 958.21 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Procedure. 958.21 Section 958.21 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... provide for voting by telephone, telegraph, or other means of communication and any such vote shall be...

7 CFR 958.21 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Procedure. 958.21 Section 958.21 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... provide for voting by telephone, telegraph, or other means of communication and any such vote shall be...

10 CFR 209.24 - Maintenance of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

..., telegraphic, telecopied, microfilmed and computer printout material), and where such communication... participants shall keep a full and complete record of any communications (other than in a meeting held pursuant... under this part. When two or more potential participants are involved in such a communication, they may...

10 CFR 209.24 - Maintenance of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

..., telegraphic, telecopied, microfilmed and computer printout material), and where such communication... participants shall keep a full and complete record of any communications (other than in a meeting held pursuant... under this part. When two or more potential participants are involved in such a communication, they may...

10 CFR 209.24 - Maintenance of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

..., telegraphic, telecopied, microfilmed and computer printout material), and where such communication... participants shall keep a full and complete record of any communications (other than in a meeting held pursuant... under this part. When two or more potential participants are involved in such a communication, they may...

10 CFR 209.24 - Maintenance of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., telegraphic, telecopied, microfilmed and computer printout material), and where such communication... participants shall keep a full and complete record of any communications (other than in a meeting held pursuant... under this part. When two or more potential participants are involved in such a communication, they may...

10 CFR 209.24 - Maintenance of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., telegraphic, telecopied, microfilmed and computer printout material), and where such communication... participants shall keep a full and complete record of any communications (other than in a meeting held pursuant... under this part. When two or more potential participants are involved in such a communication, they may...

36 CFR 14.95 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... rights-of-way through public lands and certain reservations of the United States, for electrical plants, poles, and lines for the generation and distribution of electrical power, and for telephone and telegraph purposes, and for pipelines, canals, ditches, water plants, and other purposes to the extent of...

36 CFR 14.70 - Statutory authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... electrical plants, poles, and lines for the generation and distribution of electrical power, and for telephone and telegraph purposes, and for pipe lines, canals, ditches, water plants, and other purposes to the extent of the ground occupied by such canals, ditches, water plants, or other works permitted...

Wash room, bunkhouse, first floor interior. This room is a ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Wash room, bunkhouse, first floor interior. This room is a screened porch with the original sinks extant. Light and ventilation was borrowed from the wash room into the toilets and bathing rooms. - Sespe Ranch, Bunkhouse, 2896 Telegraph Road, Fillmore, Ventura County, CA

14 CFR 1260.69 - Electronic funds transfer payment methods.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... designate a financial institution or to provide appropriate payee bank account information may delay... information: (1) Name, address, and telegraphic abbreviation of the financial institution receiving payment...) Payee's account number at the financial institution where funds are to be transferred. (4) If the...

36 CFR 14.95 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... rights-of-way through public lands and certain reservations of the United States, for electrical plants... telegraph purposes, and for pipelines, canals, ditches, water plants, and other purposes to the extent of the ground occupied by such canals, ditches, water plants, or other works permitted thereunder and not...

36 CFR 14.70 - Statutory authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... electrical plants, poles, and lines for the generation and distribution of electrical power, and for telephone and telegraph purposes, and for pipe lines, canals, ditches, water plants, and other purposes to the extent of the ground occupied by such canals, ditches, water plants, or other works permitted...

Miscellaneous artifacts stored on the third floor; from left, center ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Miscellaneous artifacts stored on the third floor; from left, center is 'personal equation machine' which measures and records the reflex-response time of individuals using telegraph equipment. - Thomas A. Edison Laboratories, Building No. 5, Main Street & Lakeside Avenue, West Orange, Essex County, NJ

7 CFR 1230.56 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Procedure. 1230.56 Section 1230.56 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., telegraph or by other means of communication when, in the opinion of the President of the Board, such action...

7 CFR 922.32 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... communication between all such groups and the availability of loud speaker receivers for each group so that each... vote by telegraph, telephone, or other means of communication, and any votes so cast shall be confirmed...

7 CFR 925.30 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Procedure. 925.30 Section 925.30 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... committee may vote by telephone, telegraph, or other means of communications; and any votes so cast shall be...

7 CFR 925.30 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Procedure. 925.30 Section 925.30 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... committee may vote by telephone, telegraph, or other means of communications; and any votes so cast shall be...

7 CFR 1230.56 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Procedure. 1230.56 Section 1230.56 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., telegraph or by other means of communication when, in the opinion of the President of the Board, such action...

7 CFR 922.32 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... communication between all such groups and the availability of loud speaker receivers for each group so that each... vote by telegraph, telephone, or other means of communication, and any votes so cast shall be confirmed...

Falkland’s War: Strategic, Intelligence and Diplomatic Failures

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-05-01

Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Background Brief: Argentina Misinformation, July 1982. El Diario de Caracas. Special Edition: Las Malvinas. Mayo 1982...Daily Telegraph, 27 April 1982. • Aldo Ferrer. " Economia Argentina y estrategia preindustrial" in Alain Ronquie, ed.. Argentina hoy. Buenos Aires

Dynamical decoupling of local transverse random telegraph noise in a two-qubit gate

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

D'Arrigo, A.; Falci, G.; Paladino, E.

2015-10-01

Achieving high-fidelity universal two-qubit gates is a central requisite of any implementation of quantum information processing. The presence of spurious fluctuators of various physical origin represents a limiting factor for superconducting nanodevices. Operating qubits at optimal points, where the qubit-fluctuator interaction is transverse with respect to the single qubit Hamiltonian, considerably improved single qubit gates. Further enhancement has been achieved by dynamical decoupling (DD). In this article we investigate DD of transverse random telegraph noise acting locally on each of the qubits forming an entangling gate. Our analysis is based on the exact numerical solution of the stochastic Schrödinger equation. We evaluate the gate error under local periodic, Carr-Purcell and Uhrig DD sequences. We find that a threshold value of the number, n, of pulses exists above which the gate error decreases with a sequence-specific power-law dependence on n. Below threshold, DD may even increase the error with respect to the unconditioned evolution, a behaviour reminiscent of the anti-Zeno effect.

Channel doping concentration and cell program state dependence on random telegraph noise spatial and statistical distribution in 30 nm NAND flash memory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tomita, Toshihiro; Miyaji, Kousuke

2015-04-01

The dependence of spatial and statistical distribution of random telegraph noise (RTN) in a 30 nm NAND flash memory on channel doping concentration NA and cell program state Vth is comprehensively investigated using three-dimensional Monte Carlo device simulation considering random dopant fluctuation (RDF). It is found that single trap RTN amplitude ΔVth is larger at the center of the channel region in the NAND flash memory, which is closer to the jellium (uniform) doping results since NA is relatively low to suppress junction leakage current. In addition, ΔVth peak at the center of the channel decreases in the higher Vth state due to the current concentration at the shallow trench isolation (STI) edges induced by the high vertical electrical field through the fringing capacitance between the channel and control gate. In such cases, ΔVth distribution slope λ cannot be determined by only considering RDF and single trap.

Statistical analysis of relationship between negative-bias temperature instability and random telegraph noise in small p-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tega, Naoki; Miki, Hiroshi; Mine, Toshiyuki; Ohmori, Kenji; Yamada, Keisaku

2014-03-01

It is demonstrated from a statistical perspective that the generation of random telegraph noise (RTN) changes before and after the application of negative-bias temperature instability (NBTI) stress. The NBTI stress generates a large number of permanent interface traps and, at the same time, a large number of RTN traps causing temporary RTN and one-time RTN. The interface trap and the RTN trap show different features in the recovery process. That is, a re-passivation of interface states is the minor cause of the recovery after the NBTI stress, and in contrast, rapid disappearance of the temporary RTN and the one-time RTN is the main cause of the recovery. The RTN traps are less likely to become permanent. This two-type trap, namely, the interface trap and RTN trap, model simply explains NBTI degradation and recovery in scaled p-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors.

Stochastic Spiking Neural Networks Enabled by Magnetic Tunnel Junctions: From Nontelegraphic to Telegraphic Switching Regimes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liyanagedera, Chamika M.; Sengupta, Abhronil; Jaiswal, Akhilesh; Roy, Kaushik

2017-12-01

Stochastic spiking neural networks based on nanoelectronic spin devices can be a possible pathway to achieving "brainlike" compact and energy-efficient cognitive intelligence. The computational model attempt to exploit the intrinsic device stochasticity of nanoelectronic synaptic or neural components to perform learning or inference. However, there has been limited analysis on the scaling effect of stochastic spin devices and its impact on the operation of such stochastic networks at the system level. This work attempts to explore the design space and analyze the performance of nanomagnet-based stochastic neuromorphic computing architectures for magnets with different barrier heights. We illustrate how the underlying network architecture must be modified to account for the random telegraphic switching behavior displayed by magnets with low barrier heights as they are scaled into the superparamagnetic regime. We perform a device-to-system-level analysis on a deep neural-network architecture for a digit-recognition problem on the MNIST data set.

77 FR 42694 - Helena National Forest, Montana, Telegraph Vegetation Project

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-20

... slashing generally small diameter trees followed by prescribed burning within the Jericho Mountain... dead and dying trees, promoting desirable regeneration, reducing fuels and the risk of wildfire, and... for Action Wide-scale tree mortality has occurred throughout the project area due to the mountain pine...

50 CFR 260.19 - When application may be withdrawn.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Fishery Products for Human Consumption Inspection Service § 260.19 When application may be withdrawn. An... incurred by the inspector in connection with such application, any travel expenses, telephone, telegraph or other expenses which have been incurred by the inspection service in connection with such application...

50 CFR 260.19 - When application may be withdrawn.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Fishery Products for Human Consumption Inspection Service § 260.19 When application may be withdrawn. An... incurred by the inspector in connection with such application, any travel expenses, telephone, telegraph or other expenses which have been incurred by the inspection service in connection with such application...

Information Transfer in 1990.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hough, Roger W.

Results of a recent study of potential demand for electronic information transfer services in 1970-1990 are presented. Projections are made for new services such as electronic mail, remote library browsing, checkless society transactions, video telephone and others, as well as conventional services such as telephone, telegraph and network program…

36 CFR 14.95 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... telegraph purposes, and for pipelines, canals, ditches, water plants, and other purposes to the extent of the ground occupied by such canals, ditches, water plants, or other works permitted thereunder and not... citizen, association, or corporation of the United States, where it is intended by such to exercise the...

36 CFR 14.95 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... telegraph purposes, and for pipelines, canals, ditches, water plants, and other purposes to the extent of the ground occupied by such canals, ditches, water plants, or other works permitted thereunder and not... citizen, association, or corporation of the United States, where it is intended by such to exercise the...

36 CFR 14.95 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... telegraph purposes, and for pipelines, canals, ditches, water plants, and other purposes to the extent of the ground occupied by such canals, ditches, water plants, or other works permitted thereunder and not... citizen, association, or corporation of the United States, where it is intended by such to exercise the...

30 CFR 57.12048 - Communication conductors on power poles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Communication conductors on power poles. 57... MINES Electricity Surface and Underground § 57.12048 Communication conductors on power poles. Telegraph, telephone, or signal wires shall not be installed on the same crossarm with power conductors. When carried...

30 CFR 57.12048 - Communication conductors on power poles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Communication conductors on power poles. 57... MINES Electricity Surface and Underground § 57.12048 Communication conductors on power poles. Telegraph, telephone, or signal wires shall not be installed on the same crossarm with power conductors. When carried...

30 CFR 56.12048 - Communication conductors on power poles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Communication conductors on power poles. 56... Electricity § 56.12048 Communication conductors on power poles. Telegraph, telephone, or signal wires shall not be installed on the same crossarm with power conductors. When carried on poles supporting...

30 CFR 56.12048 - Communication conductors on power poles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Communication conductors on power poles. 56... Electricity § 56.12048 Communication conductors on power poles. Telegraph, telephone, or signal wires shall not be installed on the same crossarm with power conductors. When carried on poles supporting...

46 CFR 113.35-17 - Vessels with navigating bridge control.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Vessels with navigating bridge control. 113.35-17... bridge control. Each vessel with navigating bridge throttle control must have a positive mechanical stop on each telegraph transmitter that prevents movement to the “Navigating Bridge Control” position...

50 CFR 260.38 - When an application for an appeal inspection may be withdrawn.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Inspection and Certification of Establishments and Fishery Products for Human Consumption Appeal Inspection... inspector in connection with such application, any travel expenses, telephone, telegraph, or other expenses which have been incurred by the inspection service in connection with such application. [31 FR 16052...

50 CFR 260.38 - When an application for an appeal inspection may be withdrawn.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Inspection and Certification of Establishments and Fishery Products for Human Consumption Appeal Inspection... inspector in connection with such application, any travel expenses, telephone, telegraph, or other expenses which have been incurred by the inspection service in connection with such application. [31 FR 16052...

29 CFR 101.7 - Settlements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Settlements. 101.7 Section 101.7 Labor Regulations Relating... Section 10 (a) to (i) of the Act and Telegraph Merger Act Cases § 101.7 Settlements. Before any complaint... for the submission and consideration of facts, argument, offers of settlement, or proposals of...

National Intelligence Survey. Spain. Section 23. Weather and Climate

DTIC Science & Technology

1963-07-01

on to successor organiza- tions. In 1934 the meteorological services were organized as the Servicio Meteorolögico Nacional (S.M.N.). Spain became a...service’s communications system for collecting data relies heavily on tele- phone, telegraph, and CW-radio broadcasts. A micro -wave radio teletype

The Foundations of Telegraphy and Telephony in Latin America.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baur, Cynthia

1994-01-01

Synthesizes empirical evidence on the participation of state and capital in the establishment of domestic telegraphic and telephonic communication in Latin America. Suggests that, in many ways, the contemporary period of telecommunication system organization in the region parallels the early years of telegraphy and telephony. Discusses these…

28. VIEW OF THE SOLDERING NICHE FORMED WITH BRICKS. THE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

28. VIEW OF THE SOLDERING NICHE FORMED WITH BRICKS. THE BACK OF THE NICHE IS CEMENT FINISHED. THE BOTTOM HAS A 1 INCH THICK ASBESTOS SHELF. THIS PHOTO WAS TAKEN AT THE 3RD FLOOR. - Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Company Building, 1519 Franklin Street, Oakland, Alameda County, CA

The Plight of Public Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huber, Mary Taylor

2017-01-01

What happens to public colleges and universities when confidence in the value of public institutions wanes? Nothing good, to judge from two new books whose titles telegraph the tale: "The Great Mistake," by Christopher Newfield and "Austerity Blues," by Michael Fabricant and Stephen Brier. This article discusses how the authors…

Customer Service Programming

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Use of computer program STRCMACS has enabled Illinois Bell Telephone, a subsidiary of American Telephone and Telegraph to cut software development costs about 10 percent by reducing program maintenance and by allowing the department to bring other software into operation more quickly. It has also been useful in company training of programming staff.

The Global Maritime Partnership: Networking Challenges and Opportunities

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

The Victorians eagerly embraced the telegraph as something that was “faster and better” than waiting for newspapers to arrive via ship and... fashion . ３１ While little quantitative work on network-centric operations has been done based on from-the-ground-up modeling and simulation, the United

South west corner of Bunkhouse showing the door to the ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

South west corner of Bunkhouse showing the door to the basement, electric panels and the hinged door to the basement used for unloading items into the basement. A small ranch hand's house sits adjacent to the west. - Sespe Ranch, Bunkhouse, 2896 Telegraph Road, Fillmore, Ventura County, CA

Addressing Unintended Instructional Messages about Repeated Reading

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Frey, Nancy; Fisher, Douglas

2018-01-01

The authors analyzed 88 classroom observations to determine whether there were actions that teachers were taking to send a message to students that rereading was not valuable. They identified three practices during shared reading, guided reading, and independent reading that telegraphed messages to students against rereading. The authors also…

Assembly room, bunkhouse first floor interior. Vent pipe for missing ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Assembly room, bunkhouse first floor interior. Vent pipe for missing heating stove exited through opening into chimney, seen on the far wall. Walls are exposed studs and bracing with board and battan on the exterior and interior sides. - Sespe Ranch, Bunkhouse, 2896 Telegraph Road, Fillmore, Ventura County, CA

18 CFR 367.9210 - Account 921, Office supplies and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... supplies and expenses. 367.9210 Section 367.9210 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY REGULATIONS UNDER THE PUBLIC UTILITY HOLDING COMPANY ACT OF 2005... service expenses to include telephone, telegraph, wire transfer, micro-wave, and other similar items. (6...

UNIX Systems in Higher Education: A Paradoxical Success.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCredie, John W.

1983-01-01

Bell Laboratories' much acclaimed UNIX operating system is widely used in educational computing environments. Discusses history of the system, system features and weaknesses, and policy issues. Also discusses some ways UNIX systems are used and recent developments at American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T) impacting UNIX systems. (JN)

An Overview of Research and Development Projects at the AT&T National Teletraining Center.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chute, Alan G.; Balthazar, Lee B.

Research and development projects at the AT&T (American Telephone and Telegraph Company) National Teletraining Center (NTC) are geared toward increasing understanding of the various psychological, sociological, ergonomic, and environmental factors involved in teletraining, and toward improving the ability to manage the distance learning…

Worldwide Marine Weather Broadcasts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Department of the Navy, Washington, DC.

This publication is a source of marine weather broadcast information in all areas of the world where such service is provided. This publication was designed for the use of U.S. naval and merchant ships. Sections 1 through 4 contain details of radio telegraph, radio telephone, radio facsimile, and radio teleprinter transmissions, respectively. The…

Toward a Quantification of the Information/Communication Industries. Publication No. 74-2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lavey, Warren G.

A national survey was made to collect data about the information/communication industries in the United States today. Eleven industries were studied: television, radio, telephone, telegraph, postal service, newspaper, periodical, book publishing and printing, motion pictures, computer software, and cable television. The data collection scheme used…

20. TYPICAL VIEW OF FRONT WINDOWS FROM 4TH TO 9TH ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

20. TYPICAL VIEW OF FRONT WINDOWS FROM 4TH TO 9TH FLOOR WITH WHITE GLAZED TERRA COTTA SILL AND HEADERS. MULLIONS ARE ORANGE BROWN BRICKS LIKE THE WALLS. BRICKS ARE IN FLEMISH BOND PATTERN. - Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Company Building, 1519 Franklin Street, Oakland, Alameda County, CA

Data Communications in Business. An Introduction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gentle, Edgar C., Jr., Ed.

This basic text for students in business administration and business education was prepared for personnel of The American Telephone and Telegraph Company with the help of an educational advisory panel. Fundamental concepts of data communications are presented as a means of keeping abreast of the information explosion and as a basis for making…

46 CFR 113.35-17 - Vessels with navigating bridge control.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Vessels with navigating bridge control. 113.35-17... bridge control. Each vessel with navigating bridge throttle control must have a positive mechanical stop on each telegraph transmitter that prevents movement to the “Navigating Bridge Control” position...

The 2006 Hezbollah-Israeli War: Israel’s Grenada

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-05-01

William M. Arkin, Divining Victory: Airpower in the 2006 Israel-Hezbollah War, (Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama: Air...Bibliography Arkin, William M. Divining Victory: Airpower in...Operations.” Air and Space Power Journal, (September-October 2012): 118-131. Keegan, John. London Daily Telegraph, 6 June 1999. Kelly , John and David

The Federal Public Works Infrastructure Strategy Program - Federal Works Infrastructure R&D: A New Perspective

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-07-01

Strategy, please contact Robert A. Pietrowsky , Program Manager at: Institute for Water Resources Casey Building 7701 Telegraph Road Fort Belvoir, VA 22060...management responsibility under the direction of Dr. Eugene Z. Stakhiv, Chief, Policy and Special Studies Division and Mr. Robert A. Pietrowsky , Program

Role of protein fluctuation correlations in electron transfer in photosynthetic complexes.

PubMed

Nesterov, Alexander I; Berman, Gennady P

2015-04-01

We consider the dependence of the electron transfer in photosynthetic complexes on correlation properties of random fluctuations of the protein environment. The electron subsystem is modeled by a finite network of connected electron (exciton) sites. The fluctuations of the protein environment are modeled by random telegraph processes, which act either collectively (correlated) or independently (uncorrelated) on the electron sites. We derived an exact closed system of first-order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, for the average density matrix elements and for their first moments. Under some conditions, we obtained analytic expressions for the electron transfer rates and found the range of parameters for their applicability by comparing with the exact numerical simulations. We also compared the correlated and uncorrelated regimes and demonstrated numerically that the uncorrelated fluctuations of the protein environment can, under some conditions, either increase or decrease the electron transfer rates.

Raw materials and technology fuel U.S. economic growth

USGS Publications Warehouse

Kelly, T.D.

2002-01-01

In 1900, the average U.S. citizen's average life span was 47 years. He traveled about 1,900 km (1,200 miles) in a lifetime and resided in a home with an icebox for food storage and oil or gas for lighting. He communicated by mail, telegraph and crude telephones with limited availability and range. By 2000, the average citizen's life span was 77 years. He traveled an average of 19,000 km/a (12,000 miles/ year) by automobile alone. He resided in a home with many electrical appliances, including refrigerators and electric lights. And the communicated almost instantaneously with any other part of the globe by several widely available means, including portable phones and e-mail. Technology, the application of knowledge about the Earth's materials, their extraction and fabrication into products, helped create this change. Throughout the 20th century, the United States was a leader in technology. Automobiles, refrigerators, electric lighting, telephones and personal computers are only a few examples of the products invented and improved or further developed by American technology (National Academy of Engineering, 2000).

Light-dependent changes in the leaflet movement rhythm of the plant Desmodium gyrans.

PubMed

Sharma, Vijay Kumar; Bardal, Tom Kristian; Johnsson, Anders

2003-01-01

The movements of the lateral leaflets of the Indian telegraph plant Desmodium gyrans (L. F.) DC, have earlier been studied in detail with regards to the effects of chemicals, DC currents, and static magnetic fields. In the present paper we have discussed the oscillation of the lateral leaflets under the influence of white light of various light levels (0-75 micromol x m(-2) x s(-1)), produced by an array of LEDs (light emitting diodes). LEDs were used in contrast to fluorescense tubes as in earlier studies in order to minimize changes of wavelength when light intensity was decreased or increased. Furthermore, care was taken to ensure that the temperature in the experimental chamber was constant. When the oscillations were first monitored in bright light, the oscillations were found to be very rapid and with decreasing light intensity the oscillations slowed down. For light levels lower than about 20 micromol x m(-2) x s(-1) the period of the oscillation of the lateral leaflets was almost constant (or even decreased slightly towards complete darkness). We also show that the oscillations could completely stop under prolonged darkness (for longer than about 6 h) and that such halted oscillations could be restarted in most of the leaflets when he light was turned back on. Such stopping of the oscillation of the lateral leaflets in prolonged darkness suggests that these short period oscillations of the lateral leaflets could have a daily component and in natural environment these oscillations could serve the purpose of optimising the amount of light falling on the leaflets or/and facilitating transpiration of water through stomata. Such a finding could have an implication for the answer to the long standing question of adaptive significance of short period oscillation of the Indian telegraph plant Desmodium gyrans (L. F.) DC.

47 CFR 97.309 - RTTY and data emission codes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false RTTY and data emission codes. 97.309 Section 97... AMATEUR RADIO SERVICE Technical Standards § 97.309 RTTY and data emission codes. (a) Where authorized by... the following specified digital codes: (1) The 5-unit, start-stop, International Telegraph Alphabet No...

Tenth Report By the International Telecommunication Union on Telecommunication and the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Telecommunication Union, Geneva (Switzerland).

Reports are presented on the 1970-71 activities of the General Secretariat of the International Telecommunication Union, the International Frequency Registration Board, the International Radio Consultative Committee, and the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee. In addition progress in the field of space communications made…

View of the south elevation of the bunkhouse and neighboring ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

View of the south elevation of the bunkhouse and neighboring buildings, looking to the east, In the background, from left to right in the photo, are the office, an agricultural shed, a small ranch hand's house (under the tree), and additional agricultural sheds. - Sespe Ranch, Bunkhouse, 2896 Telegraph Road, Fillmore, Ventura County, CA

Preparation of Ferroelectric Samples for Electrical and Radiation Characterization Studies

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-12-01

Nuclear Agency Attn Technology Dir Attn RAEE , LTC A. Constantine 5001 Eisenhower Ave Attn RAEE , MAJ G. Kweder Alexandria, VA 22333-0001 Attn RAEE , L...Palkuti Attn RAEE , LCDR L. Cohn Director Attn TITL, Technical Library Div Night Vision & Electro-Optics Lab.. LABCOM 680’ Telegraph RD Attn AMSEL-TMS

JPRS Report, Soviet Union., Aviation & Cosmonautics, No. 10, October 1987.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-04-29

Ya. Bereznyak and A. M. Isayev in V. F. Bolkho- V. P. Barmin, V. I. Kuznetsov , M. S. Ryazanskiy, G. N. vitinov’s KB [design bureau]. Babakin and A. M...Solovyev and Oleg Atkov, and from the casting, television, telephone and telegraph traffic and Vostok spacecraft-satellite to the Mir multipurpose

Nondiscrimination in Employment, 1973-1975. A Broadening and Deepening National Effort.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaeffer, Ruth G.

This supplement to ED 086 806 discusses developments in the field of equal employment opportunity (EEO). A section on recent developments under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, covers the American Telephone and Telegraph Consent Decree, other conciliation and consent agreements, labor relations aspects, individual suits,…

29 CFR 101.10 - Hearings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Hearings. 101.10 Section 101.10 Labor Regulations Relating... Section 10 (a) to (i) of the Act and Telegraph Merger Act Cases § 101.10 Hearings. (a) Except in extraordinary situations the hearing is open to the public and usually conducted in the Region where the charge...

75 FR 9459 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.; Notice of Filing of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-02

... transfer such committees' responsibilities for NAC industry appointments to the FINRA Nominating Committee... entities by telegraph, telefax, cable, radio, wireless or other device or method. FINRA intends ``other... members. In addition, any committee of the board that is delegated any power and authority of the board...

75 FR 67657 - Prohibition of Market Manipulation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-03

...-manipulation authority'' as part of its expanded enforcement powers. It does so by amending section 6(c) of the... commerce by telegraph, telephone, wireless, or other means of communication false or misleading or... 315 and 1283 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005, amending the Natural Gas Act and the Federal Power Act...

47 CFR 2.302 - Call signs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... location when required) KAA200 through KZZ999.WAA200 through WZZ999. Ship telegraph 4 letters 1 KAAA through KZZZ.WAAA through WZZZ. Ship telephone 2 letters, 4 digits, or 3 letters, 4 digits 1 WA2000... stations operating in two or more classes are authorized to the same licensee for the same location, the...

47 CFR 2.302 - Call signs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... location when required) KAA200 through KZZ999.WAA200 through WZZ999. Ship telegraph 4 letters 1 KAAA through KZZZ.WAAA through WZZZ. Ship telephone 2 letters, 4 digits, or 3 letters, 4 digits 1 WA2000... stations operating in two or more classes are authorized to the same licensee for the same location, the...

47 CFR 2.302 - Call signs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... location when required) KAA200 through KZZ999.WAA200 through WZZ999. Ship telegraph 4 letters 1 KAAA through KZZZ.WAAA through WZZZ. Ship telephone 2 letters, 4 digits, or 3 letters, 4 digits 1 WA2000... stations operating in two or more classes are authorized to the same licensee for the same location, the...

47 CFR 2.302 - Call signs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... location when required) KAA200 through KZZ999. WAA200 through WZZ999. Ship telegraph 4 letters 1 KAAA through KZZZ. WAAA through WZZZ. Ship telephone 2 letters, 4 digits, or 3 letters, 4 digits 1 WA2000... stations operating in two or more classes are authorized to the same licensee for the same location, the...

TRAINING TYPIST IN THE INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENT, AN EVALUATIONAL REPORT.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

BALL, SAMUEL

THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MANUFACTURERS (NAM) HELD FOUR TYPING LABORATORIES IN 1965 AND 1966 AT NAM HEADQUARTERS (NEW YORK CITY), COLLEGE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY (INDIANAPOLIS), CHEMICAL BANK NEW YORK TRUST COMPANY (NEW YORK CITY), AND PACIFIC TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY (SAN FRANCISCO) TO DEVELOP A SYSTEM OF TRAINING TYPISTS WITHIN THE…

36 CFR 14.70 - Statutory authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... telephone and telegraph purposes, and for pipe lines, canals, ditches, water plants, and other purposes to the extent of the ground occupied by such canals, ditches, water plants, or other works permitted... exercise the use permitted under the Act. (b) The Act of March 4, 1911 (36 Stat. 1253; 43 U.S.C. 961), as...

36 CFR 14.70 - Statutory authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... telephone and telegraph purposes, and for pipe lines, canals, ditches, water plants, and other purposes to the extent of the ground occupied by such canals, ditches, water plants, or other works permitted... exercise the use permitted under the Act. (b) The Act of March 4, 1911 (36 Stat. 1253; 43 U.S.C. 961), as...

36 CFR 14.70 - Statutory authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... telephone and telegraph purposes, and for pipe lines, canals, ditches, water plants, and other purposes to the extent of the ground occupied by such canals, ditches, water plants, or other works permitted... exercise the use permitted under the Act. (b) The Act of March 4, 1911 (36 Stat. 1253; 43 U.S.C. 961), as...

The Union Learning Fund: A Genuine Success Story

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, Tom

2010-01-01

The "Daily Telegraph" recently carried an attack on the Union Learning Fund (ULF) as part of its ongoing criticism of unions following the industrial action by cabin crew at British Airways. This included a quote from Conservative MP Francis Maude suggesting that the fund was a form of "money laundering." The article, which was…

Statistical Analysis of the Random Telegraph Noise in a 1.1 μm Pixel, 8.3 MP CMOS Image Sensor Using On-Chip Time Constant Extraction Method.

PubMed

Chao, Calvin Yi-Ping; Tu, Honyih; Wu, Thomas Meng-Hsiu; Chou, Kuo-Yu; Yeh, Shang-Fu; Yin, Chin; Lee, Chih-Lin

2017-11-23

A study of the random telegraph noise (RTN) of a 1.1 μm pitch, 8.3 Mpixel CMOS image sensor (CIS) fabricated in a 45 nm backside-illumination (BSI) technology is presented in this paper. A noise decomposition scheme is used to pinpoint the noise source. The long tail of the random noise (RN) distribution is directly linked to the RTN from the pixel source follower (SF). The full 8.3 Mpixels are classified into four categories according to the observed RTN histogram peaks. A theoretical formula describing the RTN as a function of the time difference between the two phases of the correlated double sampling (CDS) is derived and validated by measured data. An on-chip time constant extraction method is developed and applied to the RTN analysis. The effects of readout circuit bandwidth on the settling ratios of the RTN histograms are investigated and successfully accounted for in a simulation using a RTN behavior model.

Origins of Highly Stable Al-evaporated Solution-processed ZnO Thin Film Transistors: Insights from Low Frequency and Random Telegraph Signal Noise

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Joo Hyung; Kang, Tae Sung; Yang, Jung Yup; Hong, Jin Pyo

2015-11-01

One long-standing goal in the emerging field of flexible and transparent electronic devices is to meet the demand of key markets, such as enhanced output performance for metal oxide semiconductor thin film transistors (TFTs) prepared by a solution process. While solution-based fabrication techniques are cost-effective and ensure large-area coverage at low temperature, their utilization has the disadvantage of introducing large trap states into TFTs. Such states, the formation of which is induced by intrinsic defects initially produced during preparation, have a significant impact on electrical performance. Therefore, the ability to enhance the electrical characteristics of solution-processed TFTs, along with attaining a firm understanding of their physical nature, remains a key step towards extending their use. In this study, measurements of low-frequency noise and random telegraph signal noise are employed as generic alternative tools to examine the origins of enhanced output performance for solution-processed ZnO TFTs through the control of defect sites by Al evaporation.

Geologic map of the Telegraph Peak 7.5' quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Morton, D.M.; Woodburne, M.O.; Foster, J.H.; Morton, Gregory; Cossette, P.M.

2001-01-01

a. This Readme; includes in Appendix I, data contained in fif_met.txt b. The same graphic as plotted in 2 above. Test plots have not produced 1:24,000-scale map sheets. Adobe Acrobat pagesize setting influences map scale. The Correlation of Map Units and Description of Map Units is in the editorial format of USGS Miscellaneous Investigations Series (I-series) maps but has not been edited to comply with I-map standards. Within the geologic map data package, map units are identified by standard geologic map criteria such as formation-name, age, and lithology. Even though this is an author-prepared report, every attempt has been made to closely adhere to the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U. S. Geological Survey. Descriptions of units can be obtained by viewing or plotting the .pdf file (3b above) or plotting the postscript file (2 above). If roads in some areas, especially forest roads that parallel topographic contours, do not show well on plots of the geologic map, we recommend use of the USGS Telegraph Peak 7.5’ topographic quadrangle in conjunction with the geologic map.

28 CFR 56.2 - Maintenance of records with respect to meetings held to develop voluntary agreements or plans of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., telegraphic, telecopied, microfilmed and computer printout material), and where such communication... participants shall keep a full and complete record of any communications (other than in a meeting held pursuant... under this part. When two or more potential participants are involved in such a communication, they may...

28 CFR 56.2 - Maintenance of records with respect to meetings held to develop voluntary agreements or plans of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., telegraphic, telecopied, microfilmed and computer printout material), and where such communication... participants shall keep a full and complete record of any communications (other than in a meeting held pursuant... under this part. When two or more potential participants are involved in such a communication, they may...

28 CFR 56.2 - Maintenance of records with respect to meetings held to develop voluntary agreements or plans of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., telegraphic, telecopied, microfilmed and computer printout material), and where such communication... participants shall keep a full and complete record of any communications (other than in a meeting held pursuant... under this part. When two or more potential participants are involved in such a communication, they may...

28 CFR 56.2 - Maintenance of records with respect to meetings held to develop voluntary agreements or plans of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., telegraphic, telecopied, microfilmed and computer printout material), and where such communication... participants shall keep a full and complete record of any communications (other than in a meeting held pursuant... under this part. When two or more potential participants are involved in such a communication, they may...

28 CFR 56.2 - Maintenance of records with respect to meetings held to develop voluntary agreements or plans of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., telegraphic, telecopied, microfilmed and computer printout material), and where such communication... participants shall keep a full and complete record of any communications (other than in a meeting held pursuant... under this part. When two or more potential participants are involved in such a communication, they may...

Portable apparatus for surface evaluation of furniture panels

Treesearch

B. G. Heebink

1963-01-01

In 1959, a new technique was devised at the Forest Products Laboratory that provided a means of examining, evaluating, and recording the show- through pattern (often called telegraphing) of panels made with particle board cores. Although the technique was devised as a working tool to evaluate show-through characteristics of particle board cores, it can be used equally...

Nothin' Says Lovin' Like Something from a Commercial: A Critical Look at Interpersonal Communication in Commercials.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kidd, Virginia V.

Television commercials that deal with interpersonal communication fall into two types--those whose interpersonal dynamics convey the message and those in which the interaction expressed is part of the background setting. Among the former are scenarios by American Telephone and Telegraph whose emphasis is on building and maintaining relationships,…

26 CFR 49.4252-4 - Provisions common to telephone and telegraph services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... radio free of any charge whatsoever, no tax attaches, but where the carrier in fact makes some charge for the transmission, either in money, service, or other valuable consideration, such charge is subject to the tax upon the basis of the amount of the charge computed in money or money's worth. The tax...

26 CFR 49.4252-4 - Provisions common to telephone and telegraph services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... radio free of any charge whatsoever, no tax attaches, but where the carrier in fact makes some charge for the transmission, either in money, service, or other valuable consideration, such charge is subject to the tax upon the basis of the amount of the charge computed in money or money's worth. The tax...

26 CFR 49.4252-4 - Provisions common to telephone and telegraph services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... radio free of any charge whatsoever, no tax attaches, but where the carrier in fact makes some charge for the transmission, either in money, service, or other valuable consideration, such charge is subject to the tax upon the basis of the amount of the charge computed in money or money's worth. The tax...

26 CFR 49.4252-4 - Provisions common to telephone and telegraph services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... radio free of any charge whatsoever, no tax attaches, but where the carrier in fact makes some charge for the transmission, either in money, service, or other valuable consideration, such charge is subject to the tax upon the basis of the amount of the charge computed in money or money's worth. The tax...

Marconi to McLuhan: A Select Biliography of N. Y. Times Sunday Magazine Articles on Communication, 1900-1980.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flannery, Gerald V., Comp.

Containing over 1,800 entries, this index to articles appearing in the "New York Times Sunday Magazine," is arranged by year (1900-1980), by author, decades, and general topic (radio, rhetoric, film). Among the topics covered are newspapers, music, theatre, telegraph, wireless, telephone, photography, public relations, advertising,…

Implications of China’s Growing Demand for Oil: A Case Study in Venezuela

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-12-01

Mearsheimer is a leading exponent of the perspective that a rising China poses a danger. He contends that a rising power is always interested in...Soft power. 57 Mike Hurst , “A Giant Awakens - $48 bn to kick-start a new era --- Beijing 2008,” The Daily Telegraph (Australia), Extended Metro

47 CFR 80.1127 - On-scene communications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... ITU-R Recommendation M.625-3, with Annex, as specified in § 80.1101. (c) The preferred frequencies in radiotelephony for on-scene communications are 156.8 MHz and 2182 kHz. The frequency 2174.5 kHz may also be used... error correcting mode in accordance with ITU-R Recommendation M.625-3, “Direct-printing Telegraph...

47 CFR 80.1127 - On-scene communications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... ITU-R Recommendation M.625-3, with Annex, as specified in § 80.1101. (c) The preferred frequencies in radiotelephony for on-scene communications are 156.8 MHz and 2182 kHz. The frequency 2174.5 kHz may also be used... error correcting mode in accordance with ITU-R Recommendation M.625-3, “Direct-printing Telegraph...

President's Task Force on Communications Policy. Staff Paper Five. Part II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

President's Task Force on Communications Policy, Washington, DC.

The second part of a staff paper to the President's Task Force on Communications Policy dealing with the domestic telecommunications carrier industry consists of the final two appendices. In the first, the history, structure, present services, and future plans of the Western Union Telegraph Company are discussed. Evidence is given that by allowing…

Invisible Bridges: Wireless Technology Links Minds over Space and Time

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lambert, Lori

2004-01-01

Eight years after Chief Sitting Bull, prophetic chief of the Great Sioux Nation, was assassinated in 1890, Guglielmo Marconi transmitted the first wireless telegraph signals across the Atlantic to England. Although these two events seem unrelated, the names of these two men of vision are linked together today by Marconi's wireless invention. Data,…

Motor Behavior: From Telegraph Keys and Twins to Linear Slides and Stepping

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thomas, Jerry R.

2006-01-01

Motor behavior is a significant area of scholarship with 64 Fellows from the American Academy of Kinesiology and Physical Education engaged in that work since 1930. This paper provides a brief overview of the history of research in motor development and motor control/learning, particularly noting the contributions to scholarship of Academy…

Influence of Syntactical Complexity on Comprehension in Conceptually Delayed Children at Linguistic State I.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Page, Judith L.; Horn, Donna

1985-01-01

Twelve preschoolers who had Down's Syndrome, hydrocephalus, or brain damage of unknown etiology and who functioned at early and late linguistic Stage I were asked to respond to commands in simple, complete adult forms and in incomplete, telegraphic child forms. Late Stage I Ss were superior in comprehension of all forms. (CL)

Of Rails and Red Stockings: A Vignette on the Extension of Baseball to the American West.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barney, Robert Knight

During its century and a half history, baseball has been given continued impetus by the development of new technologies in communication--the telegraph, the sports page, the radio and television. Perhaps the most important in the initial spread of baseball throughout America was the railroad. The completion of the Union Pacific Railroad in 1869…

29 CFR 570.106 - “Ship or deliver for shipment in commerce”.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... or foreign commerce or by causing them to so move, as by delivery to a carrier. 7 Thus, a baker... Telegraph Co. v. Lenroot, 323 U.S. 490. (b) To “deliver for shipment in commerce” means to surrender the... ship the goods into another State. A delivery for shipment in commerce may also be made where raw...

29 CFR 570.106 - “Ship or deliver for shipment in commerce”.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... or foreign commerce or by causing them to so move, as by delivery to a carrier. 7 Thus, a baker... Telegraph Co. v. Lenroot, 323 U.S. 490. (b) To “deliver for shipment in commerce” means to surrender the... ship the goods into another State. A delivery for shipment in commerce may also be made where raw...

Building Telegraphs, Telephones, and Radios for Middle School Children and Their Parents. A Course for Parents and Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heller, Patricia

Designed to supplement a short course for middle school children and their parents, this manual provides sets of learning experiences about electronic communication devices. The program is intended to develop positive attitudes toward science and technology in both parents and their children and to take the mystery out of some of the electronic…

Two Studies of the Syntactic Knowledge of Young Children. A Preliminary Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Carlota S.

This paper deals with two experiments whose purposes are to investigate the linguistic competence of young children and their receptivity to adult speech. In the free response experiment, imperative sentences were presented to 1 1/2- to 2 1/2-year-olds. The sentences were minimal (a single noun), telegraphic, or full adult sentences. The youngest…

18. VIEW OF PARAPET AT NORTHEAST CORNER. PARAPET IS TREATED ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

18. VIEW OF PARAPET AT NORTHEAST CORNER. PARAPET IS TREATED LIKE A CLASSICAL ENTABLATURE WITH DENTILS AND REPETITIVE EGG AND DART ORNAMENTATION BELOW IT. FACE BRICK BELOW SEPARATES THE ARCHED WINDOWS OF THE 11TH FLOOR, PARAPET CORNICE IS ORIGINALLY MADE OF COPPER. PRESENT FINISH LOOKS LIKE STUCCO. - Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Company Building, 1519 Franklin Street, Oakland, Alameda County, CA

American Foreign Policy for the '80s: A Voter's Guide to the Facts and Issues.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Irwin, Wallace, Jr., Ed.; And Others

The purpose of this guide is to provide voters, officeholders, and candidates with background information on major foreign policy issues so that they can follow the 1980 presidential debates and reach their own informed conclusions. Thirteen major foreign policy topics are covered. The material is written in telegraphic style to get the essential…

It Is Incorrect To Say "The Test Is Reliable": Bad Language Habits Can Contribute to Incorrect or Meaningless Research Conclusions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Bruce

Researchers too frequently consider the reliability of the scores they analyze, and this may lead to incorrect conclusions. Practice in this regard may be negatively influenced by telegraphic habits of speech implying that tests possess reliability and other measurement characteristics. Styles of speaking in journal articles, in textbooks, and in…

Relativistic diffusion processes and random walk models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dunkel, Jörn; Talkner, Peter; Hänggi, Peter

2007-02-01

The nonrelativistic standard model for a continuous, one-parameter diffusion process in position space is the Wiener process. As is well known, the Gaussian transition probability density function (PDF) of this process is in conflict with special relativity, as it permits particles to propagate faster than the speed of light. A frequently considered alternative is provided by the telegraph equation, whose solutions avoid superluminal propagation speeds but suffer from singular (noncontinuous) diffusion fronts on the light cone, which are unlikely to exist for massive particles. It is therefore advisable to explore other alternatives as well. In this paper, a generalized Wiener process is proposed that is continuous, avoids superluminal propagation, and reduces to the standard Wiener process in the nonrelativistic limit. The corresponding relativistic diffusion propagator is obtained directly from the nonrelativistic Wiener propagator, by rewriting the latter in terms of an integral over actions. The resulting relativistic process is non-Markovian, in accordance with the known fact that nontrivial continuous, relativistic Markov processes in position space cannot exist. Hence, the proposed process defines a consistent relativistic diffusion model for massive particles and provides a viable alternative to the solutions of the telegraph equation.

Some new insights into the history of the Glasgow time ball and time guns

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Clarke, David; Kinns, Roger

2012-03-01

The 1857 time ball machinery at the Glasgow Sailors' Home was supplied by Alexander McKenzie, mechanist, using a design that had much in common with the 1853 Edinburgh apparatus. It was operated using electrical connections to a mean time clock in the Home. This clock required adjustment by hand each day to compensate for its losing rate. Such manual intervention and lack of independent verification of accuracy under-mined the authority of the signal. The relative prestige of the Glasgow and Edinburgh Observatories was an important issue. There was no telegraphic link between Glasgow Observatory and the City until the end of 1863, but it had been demonstrated as early as October 1855 that a time ball could be dropped by telegraph from Edinburgh. Another Edinburgh initiative in September 1863 using time guns fired from Edinburgh caused offence in Glasgow and the trials were terminated in February 1864. Professor Grant, Director of Glasgow Observatory, argued successfully that a system of slave clocks controlled from Glasgow Observatory would be far superior to either a time ball or time guns which only provided a signal once per day. He won the debate in March 1864.

GPU accelerated Monte Carlo simulation of Brownian motors dynamics with CUDA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Spiechowicz, J.; Kostur, M.; Machura, L.

2015-06-01

This work presents an updated and extended guide on methods of a proper acceleration of the Monte Carlo integration of stochastic differential equations with the commonly available NVIDIA Graphics Processing Units using the CUDA programming environment. We outline the general aspects of the scientific computing on graphics cards and demonstrate them with two models of a well known phenomenon of the noise induced transport of Brownian motors in periodic structures. As a source of fluctuations in the considered systems we selected the three most commonly occurring noises: the Gaussian white noise, the white Poissonian noise and the dichotomous process also known as a random telegraph signal. The detailed discussion on various aspects of the applied numerical schemes is also presented. The measured speedup can be of the astonishing order of about 3000 when compared to a typical CPU. This number significantly expands the range of problems solvable by use of stochastic simulations, allowing even an interactive research in some cases.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhang Yu; Liu Jinliang; Fan Xuliang

In this paper, the electromagnetic dispersion theory and the classic telegraph equations were combined to calculate the important parameters of the helical Blumlein pulse forming line (BPFL) of accelerator based on tape helix. In the work band of the BPFL at several hundred ns range, electromagnetic dispersion characteristics were almost determined by the zeroth harmonic. In order to testify the dispersion theory of BPFL in this paper, filling dielectrics, such as de-ionized water, transformer oil, and air were employed in the helical BPFL, respectively. Parameters such as capacitance, inductance, characteristic impedance, and pulse duration of the BPFL were calculated. Effectsmore » of dispersion on these parameters were analyzed. Circuit simulation and electromagnetic simulation were carried out to prove these parameters of BPFL filled with these three kinds of dielectrics, respectively. The accelerator system was set up, and experimental results also corresponded to the theoretical calculations. The average theoretical errors of impedances and pulse durations were 3.5% and 3.4%, respectively, which proved the electromagnetic dispersion analyses in this paper.« less

Tiger Team assessment of the Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1991-05-01

This report documents the Tiger Team Assessment of Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Albuquerque, located in Albuquerque, New Mexico. SNL, Albuquerque, is operated by the Sandia Corporation (a wholly owned subsidiary of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company) for the US Department of Energy (DOE). The environmental assessment also included DOE tenant facilities at Ross Aviation, Albuquerque Microelectronics Operation, and the Central Training Academy. The assessment was conducted from April 15 to May 24, 1991, under the auspices of DOE's Office of Special Projects under the Assistant Secretary for Environment, Safety and Health (ES H). The assessment was comprehensive, encompassing ESmore » H disciplines, management, self-assessments, and quality assurance; transportation; and waste management operations. Compliance with applicable federal, state, and local regulations; applicable DOE Orders; best management practices; and internal SNL, Albuquerque, requirements were assessed. In addition, an evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of DOE and SNL, Albuquerque management of ES H programs was conducted.« less

Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (80th, Chicago, Illinois, July 30-August 2, 1997): History.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication.

The History section of the Proceedings contains the following 12 papers: "Change on Tap for Nashville: The Telegraph and News Content, 1860" (Frank E. Fee, Jr.); "Rod Sterling's 'Hegemony Zone'" (Bob Pondillo); "The Publications of the Carlisle Indian School: Cultural Voices or Pure Propaganda?" (Beth A. Haller);…

25 CFR 169.26 - Telephone and telegraph lines; radio, television, and other communications facilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... width in excess of 50 feet on each side of the centerline, unless special requirements are clearly set forth in the application which fully justify a width in excess of 50 feet on each side of the centerline... from those showing the line of route, and shall be drawn to a scale of 50 feet to an inch. Such maps...

25 CFR 169.26 - Telephone and telegraph lines; radio, television, and other communications facilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... width in excess of 50 feet on each side of the centerline, unless special requirements are clearly set forth in the application which fully justify a width in excess of 50 feet on each side of the centerline... from those showing the line of route, and shall be drawn to a scale of 50 feet to an inch. Such maps...

Using a Counterfactual Process to Identify the Applicability of Emerging Technology

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-01

conditions that must exist for the antecedent to happen.129 Crafting a 126 Michael W. Morris and...opportunities of interrupting the sequence of events. For example, if the bombers were identified on Monday then the events that unfold on Tuesday ...www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/10006491/Boston- marathon-bombings-Dzhokhar-Tsarnaev-pictured-behind-eight-year-old- victim.html Morris , Michael

JPRS Report Telecommunications

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-02-18

Service, 2000 GMT 15 Jan 88] 1 GUINEA Telegraph, Telex To Link Conakry, Freetown [Conakry Domestic Service, 14 Dec 87] 1 NIGERIA NITEL Digital ...Radio-Monitoring Capability Turns Up Illegal Band Use [St Johns THE WORKERS VOICE, 5 Dec 87] 12 BAHAMAS Telephone Digital , Fibre Optic Projects Under...87] 15 PERU 5 Radio Stations Closed in Tarapoto, Moyobamba [Lima EL COMERCIO , 4 Dec 87] 16 TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO Government Studies, Weighs

Implementing Advanced Technologies in the Republic of China Air Force Officer Training System

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-03-01

Strategy Political Radar Systems Emergency Education Medicine Maneuvers Entertainment & Systems Design Primary Care Welfare Telegraph Systems I1 The...Planning area includes the career fields of Organization, Aircraft, Weapons, Air Strategy , and Maneuvers. In the Political area of occupational...materials to be considered. The current strategy is to maintain massive inventories of written testing materials for use in officer evaluations

The Alliance for Employee Growth and Development: A Joint Venture that Works. Labor-Management Cooperation Brief No. 17. Reports on Significant Literature and Events.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alexander, Constance

This document reports on the Alliance for Employee Growth and Development, which is a partnership among the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T), the Communications Workers of America, and the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers. After an introduction, the first section of the report describes how the alliance originated…

The Impact of the AT&T-EEO Consent Decree. Labor Relations and Public Rolicy Series No. 20.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Northrup, Herbert R.; Larson, John A.

The consent decree agreed to in January 1973 by the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T), the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), the Department of Justice, and the Department of Labor was a milestone of EEOC enforcement. Large amounts of back pay were paid to women and minorities, and goals were set which,…

JPRS Report, Epidemiology.

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-09-28

Market Bans Export of UK Cows To Combat Disease [Godfrey Brown; London THE DAILY TELEGRAPH, 27 Jul 89] 28 JPRS-TEP-89-016 28 SEPTEMBER 1989 SUB...educational, legal, ethical and media reporting aspects. More than 80 delegates from Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia , Singapore, Japan, Australia, Canada...gathered that ’Stebatin’ injection used to cure kalaazar has been scanty in the market . Taking advan- tage of this situation some dishonest druggists

A U.S. Base at Cam Ranh Bay, Vietnam: Will it Strengthen PACOM’s Efforts to Contain PRC Expansion in Southeast Asia?

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-05-04

1967), 25-27. 10 Ibid. 11 Malcolm Moore, and Praveen Swami, “Vietnam Offers Navy Base to Foil China. Daily Telegraph (London), 8 November 2010...for U.S. Policy.” Congressional Research Service (Aug 6, 2010). Moore, Malcolm, and Praveen Swami. “Vietnam Offers Navy Base to Foil China

Effects of plasma-induced charging damage on random telegraph noise in metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors with SiO2 and high-k gate dielectrics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kamei, Masayuki; Takao, Yoshinori; Eriguchi, Koji; Ono, Kouichi

2014-01-01

We clarified in this study how plasma-induced charging damage (PCD) affects the so-called “random telegraph noise (RTN)” — a principal concern in designing ultimately scaled large-scale integrated circuits (LSIs). Metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) with SiO2 and high-k gate dielectric were exposed to an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) with Ar gas. Drain current vs gate voltage (Ids-Vg) characteristics were obtained before and after the ICP plasma exposure for the same device. Then, the time evolution of Ids fluctuation defined as Ids/μIds was measured, where μIds is the mean Ids. This value corresponds to an RTN feature, and RTN was obtained under various gate voltages (Vg) by a customized measurement technique. We focused on the statistical distribution width of (Ids/μIds), δ(Ids/μIds), in order to clarify the effects of PCD on RTN. δ(Ids/μIds) was increased by PCD for both MOSFETs with the SiO2 and high-k gate dielectrics, suggesting that RTN can be used as a measure of PCD, i.e., a distribution width increase directly indicates the presence of PCD. The dependence of δ(Ids/μIds) on the overdrive voltage Vg-Vth, where Vth is the threshold voltage, was investigated by the present technique. It was confirmed that δ(Ids/μIds) increased with a decrease in the overdrive voltage for MOSFETs with the SiO2 and high-k gate dielectrics. The presence of created carrier trap sites with PCD was characterized by the time constants for carrier capture and emission. The threshold voltage shift (ΔVth) induced by PCD was also evaluated and compared with the RTN change, to correlate the RTN increase with ΔVth induced by PCD. Although the estimated time constants exhibited complex behaviors due to the nature of trap sites created by PCD, δ(Ids/μIds) showed a straightforward tendency in accordance with the amount of PCD. These findings provide an in-depth understanding of plasma-induced RTN characteristic changes in future MOSFETs.

Space Shuttle Projects

NASA Image and Video Library

1984-11-08

Astronauts are clowning around in space in this STS-51A onboard photo. Astronaut Gardner, holds a “For Sale” sign after the retrieval of two malfunctioning satellites; the Western Union Telegraph Communication Satellite (WESTAR VI); and the PALAPA-B2 Satellite. Astronaut Allen, who is standing on the RMS (Remote Manipulator System) is reflected in Gardner’s helmet visor. The 51A mission launched aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery on November 8, 1984.

Space Shuttle Projects

NASA Image and Video Library

1984-11-08

Astronauts are clowning around in space in this STS-51A onboard photo. Astronaut Gardner, holds a “For Sale” sign after the retrieval of two malfunctioning satellites; the Western Union Telegraph Communication Satellite (WESTAR VI); and the PALAPA-B2 Satellite. Astronaut Allen, who is standing on the Remote Manipulator System (RMS) is reflected in Gardner’s helmet visor. The 51A mission launched aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery on November 8, 1984.

Telecommunications Systems Career Ladder, AFSC 307XO.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-01-01

standard test tone levels perform impulse noise tests make in-service or out-of- service quality check.s on composite signal transmission levels Even...service or out-of- service quality control (QC) reports maintain trouble and restoration record forms (DD Form 1443) direct circuit or system checks...include: perform fault isolation on analog circuits make in-service or out-of- service quality checks on voice frequency carrier telegraph (VFCT) terminals

Electric Utility Industry Experience with Geomagnetic Disturbances

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-09-01

the auroral electrojets or currents that result from solar-emitted particles during geomagnetic storms is provided by the aurora borealis , often called...on wire-based communication systems. As early as 1860 it was noted that during intense periods of the aurora borealis , telegraphic systems were... San Diego , CA 92186-5154. 221. Jaycor, M. Schultz, Jr., 1608 Spring Hill Road, Vienna, VA 22182-2270. 222. Joint Strategic Target Planning Staff, The

Overview of the CCITT Recommendations for Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-10-01

Recommendations for8 Synchronous Digital Hierarchy DCK RAPPORTENCEN’TRiLEAD-A245 680 Frederikkazerne, Geb. 140EN 1111 iNTelefcron: 070-3166394/6395... Synchronous Digital Hierarchy author(s) P.P. Copeland institute TNO Physics and Electronics Laboratory date October 1991 NDRO no A90KLu635 no in pow...recent International Consultative Committee for Telephone and Telegraph (CCITT) Recommendations for the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH). The

AFTOMS Technology Issues and Alternatives Report

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-12-01

color , resolu- power requirements, physi- tion; memory , processor speed; cal and weather rugged- IAN interfaces, etc,) f,: these ness. display...Telephone and Telegraph 3 CD-I Compact Disk - Interactive CD-ROM Compact Disk-Read Only Memory CGM Computer Graphics Metafile CNWDI Critical Nuclear...Database Management System RFP Request For Proposal 3 RFS Remote File System ROM Read Only Memory 3 S SA-ALC San Antonio Air Logistics Center 3 SAC

Translations on Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs No. 294

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-04-13

Plan To Legalize Cannabis (THE GLOBE AND MAIL, 29 Mar 77) 26 Editorial Suggests UK Heroin Plan Has Merit (Editorial, Richard Chamberlain; THE...various dates)..... 72 Numerous Arrests Court Appearances 19 Remanded in Custody ’No Jail’ Plea for Cannabis Smokers (THE DAILY TELEGRAPH...25 Mar 77) 75 Briefs Cannabis Seized 76 Marihuana in Plane Hold 76 - e - AUSTRALIA DRUG ADDICTS RAID CHEMIST SHOPS Canberra THE AUSTRALIAN in

Analysis of Commercial Contract Training for the Marine Corps (Phase 2)

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-06-01

Machines American Telephone & Telegraph Eastman Kodak Company Boeing Company McDonnell Douglas Corporation Coca Cola Company, USA Martin-Marietta...labor market , economic environment, job trends, social programs, and technology trends were included in task study procedures to give a complete picture...costs presents no particular difficulty for those resources to be acquired. In a market economy, the resource prices are usually a reflection of their

Near East/South Asia Report.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-09-20

Health Staff (Bouzakaria Fodil; EL DJEICH, Jun 85) Assembly Member Discusses USSR Visit ( *Abd al-Fattah al-Dib; AKHBAR AL-YAWM, 10 Aug 85...of human lives. 12230 CSO: 4519/161 JPRS-NEA-85-121 20 September 1985 EGYPT ASSEMBLY MEMBER DISCUSSES USSR VISIT PM161147 Cairo AKHBAR AL-YAWM...to smuggle in volunteer fighters from abroad through Pakistan xnto Afghanistan. The TELEGRAPH reported that Akhbar Shah, a 34-year-old American Muslim

Dynamics of tripartite quantum entanglement and discord under a classical dephasing random telegraph noise

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kenfack, Lionel Tenemeza; Tchoffo, Martin; Fai, Lukong Cornelius

2017-02-01

We address the dynamics of quantum correlations, including entanglement and quantum discord of a three-qubit system interacting with a classical pure dephasing random telegraph noise (RTN) in three different physical environmental situations (independent, mixed and common environments). Two initial entangled states of the system are examined, namely the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ)- and Werner (W)-type states. The classical noise is introduced as a stochastic process affecting the energy splitting of the qubits. With the help of suitable measures of tripartite entanglement (entanglement witnesses and lower bound of concurrence) and quantum discord (global quantum discord and quantum dissension), we show that the evolution of quantum correlations is not only affected by the type of the system-environment interaction but also by the input configuration of the qubits and the memory properties of the environmental noise. Indeed, depending on the memory properties of the environmental noise and the initial state considered, we find that independent, common and mixed environments can play opposite roles in preserving quantum correlations, and that the sudden death and revival phenomena or the survival of quantum correlations may occur. On the other hand, we also show that the W-type state has strong dynamics under this noise than the GHZ-type ones.

Random telegraph signal (RTS) noise and other anomalies in the near-infrared detector systems for the Euclid mission

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kohley, Ralf; Barbier, Rémi; Kubik, Bogna; Ferriol, Sylvain; Clemens, Jean-Claude; Ealet, Anne; Secroun, Aurélia; Conversi, Luca; Strada, Paolo

2016-08-01

Euclid is an ESA mission to map the geometry of the dark Universe with a planned launch date in 2020. Euclid is optimised for two primary cosmological probes, weak gravitational lensing and galaxy clustering. They are implemented through two science instruments on-board Euclid, a visible imager (VIS) and a near-infrared spectro-photometer (NISP), which are being developed and built by the Euclid Consortium instrument development teams. The NISP instrument contains a large focal plane assembly of 16 Teledyne HgCdTe H2RG detectors with 2.3μm cut-off wavelength and SIDECAR readout electronics. The performance of the detector systems is critical to the science return of the mission and extended on-ground tests are being performed for characterisation and calibration purposes. Special attention is given also to effects even on the scale of individual pixels, which are difficult to model and calibrate, and to identify any possible impact on science performance. This paper discusses a variety of undesired pixel behaviour including the known effect of random telegraph signal (RTS) noise based on initial on-ground test results from demonstrator model detector systems. Some stability aspects of the RTS pixel populations are addressed as well.

Electronic polarization effect on low-frequency infrared and Raman spectra of aprotic solvent: Molecular dynamics simulation study with charge response kernel by second order Møller-Plesset perturbation method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Isegawa, Miho; Kato, Shigeki

2007-12-01

Low-frequency infrared (IR) and depolarized Raman scattering (DRS) spectra of acetonitrile, methylene chloride, and acetone liquids are simulated via molecular dynamics calculations with the charge response kernel (CRK) model obtained at the second order Møller-Plesset perturbation (MP2) level. For this purpose, the analytical second derivative technique for the MP2 energy is employed to evaluate the CRK matrices. The calculated IR spectra reasonably agree with the experiments. In particular, the agreement is excellent for acetone because the present CRK model well reproduces the experimental polarizability in the gas phase. The importance of interaction induced dipole moments in characterizing the spectral shapes is stressed. The DRS spectrum of acetone is mainly discussed because the experimental spectrum is available only for this molecule. The calculated spectrum is close to the experiment. The comparison of the present results with those by the multiple random telegraph model is also made. By decomposing the polarizability anisotropy time correlation function to the contributions from the permanent, induced polarizability and their cross term, a discrepancy from the previous calculations is observed in the sign of permanent-induce cross term contribution. The origin of this discrepancy is discussed by analyzing the correlation functions for acetonitrile.

Designed to Win: An Agile Approach to Air Force Command and Control of Cyberspace

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

capabilities and limitations of technology with a level of control that synchronizes operations, yet allows independent action to take advantage of...was during the Roman Empire. With the exception of the semaphore telegraph and an improved road network, the same methods of communication used by...48 To provide information quickly to the ground commanders, the Aviation Section of the US Signal Corps installed primitive wireless radio sets in

Alexander Graham Bell's Patent for the Telephone and Thomas Edison's Patent for the Electric Lamp. The Constitution Community: The Development of the Industrial United States (1870-1900).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schur, Joan Brodsky

In 1876 Americans held a Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) to celebrate the nation's birth 100 years earlier. Machinery Hall drew the most admiration and wonder. Alexander Graham Bell exhibited the first telephone, and Thomas Alva Edison presented the automatic telegraph, one of more than 1,000 inventions he would patent in his…

Castine Report S-15 Project: Shipbuilding Standards

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-01-01

Fixed Square Windows Ships” Extruded Aluminium Alloy Square Windows “ Ships” Foot Steps Ships* Wooden Hand Rail . Pilot Ladders Panama Canal Pilot...Platforms Aluminium Alloy Accommodation Ladders Mouth Pieces for Voice Tube Chain Drwe Type Telegraphs Fittings for Steam Whistle Llfeboats Radial Type...Cast Steel Angle Valves for Compressed Air F 8001-1957 F 8002-1967 F 8003.1975 F 8004.1975 F 8011 1966 F 8013.1969 F 8101.1969 F 8401.1970 F

Covert Coercion: A Formal Analysis of Unconventional Warfare as an Interstate Coercive Policy Option

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-06-01

as the most notable of the founding game theorist patriarchs .121 Game theory’s evolution and development exploded during World War II and the...Kennan’s “containment” telegraph. Containment sought to prevent the further expansion of communism by developing a sphere of democratic influence in...the subjective cardinal value interval scaling used to model the decision behavior of the principal actors, which is resultant from the author’s

Raiders of the Lost Art -- Recovering and Implementing the Intellectual Lineage of Campaign Planning for 21st Century Joint Planning

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-10-30

American billionaire and financier Warren Buffett , “is the enemy of good thinking.”42 And there is “bad terminology” spilling from the pages of JP...be productive and become a meaningless catch-all word? 42 Warren Buffett , Berkshire Hathaway, 2001...Harrisburg, PA: The Telegraph Press (1940). Buffett , Warren . Berkshire Hathaway, 2001 Annual Report. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Joint

The Impact of the AT&T (American Telephone and Telegraph) Divestiture on the Strategic Air Command.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-01-01

the corporate tel- ecommunications manager, think of the impact on the military communicator. For a corporation, poorly planned, installed, and main...tained telecommunications equipment and services may mean increased cost or lost profits. For the military communicator, the same prob- lems can mean ...effective telecommunications systems available, even if it means turning our backs on past methods and relationships with vendors. I 4 NOTES -CHAPTER

Army Communicator. Volume 35, Number 2

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

official U.S. Army position and does not change or supersede any information in other official U.S. Army publications. Use of news items constitutes...familiar with the Bain electrochemical telegraph system. Myer used this experience to devise A New Sign Language for Deaf Mutes, the subject of his...Signal officer on 27 June thus becoming the first Signal officer in the U.S. Army. Myer tested his wigwag system during operations in New

97. View of International Business Machine (IBM) digital computer model ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

97. View of International Business Machine (IBM) digital computer model 7090 magnetic core installation, international telephone and telegraph (ITT) Artic Services Inc., Official photograph BMEWS site II, Clear, AK, by unknown photographer, 17 September 1965, BMEWS, clear as negative no. A-6604. - Clear Air Force Station, Ballistic Missile Early Warning System Site II, One mile west of mile marker 293.5 on Parks Highway, 5 miles southwest of Anderson, Anderson, Denali Borough, AK

Translations on Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs, Number 288

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-03-10

benefits, U.S. medical researchers have found, and can be used to relieve the symptoms of glaucoma and asthma and as a tonic for terminal cancer ...DAILY TELEGRAPH, 11 Feb 77) 157 h - CONTENTS (Continued) Page Court Rules Possession of Cannabis Seed Not Illegal (Terence Shaw; THE DAILY...raw opium, or 200 grams of cannabis or cannabis resin or more, otherwise than in accordance with the authority of the ordinance or any other

Data Triage

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-06-01

particle accelerators cannot run unless enough network band- width is available to absorb their data streams. DOE scientists running simulations routinely...send tuples to TelegraphCQ. To simulate a less-powerful machine, I increased the playback rate of the trace by a factor of 10 and reduced the query...III CPUs and 1.5 GB of main memory. To simulate using a less powerful embedded CPU, I wrote a program that would “play back” the trace at a multiple

In pursuit of accurate timekeeping: Liverpool and Victorian electrical horology.

PubMed

Ishibashi, Yuto

2014-10-01

This paper explores how nineteenth-century Liverpool became such an advanced city with regard to public timekeeping, and the wider impact of this on the standardisation of time. From the mid-1840s, local scientists and municipal bodies in the port city were engaged in improving the ways in which accurate time was communicated to ships and the general public. As a result, Liverpool was the first British city to witness the formation of a synchronised clock system, based on an invention by Robert Jones. His method gained a considerable reputation in the scientific and engineering communities, which led to its subsequent replication at a number of astronomical observatories such as Greenwich and Edinburgh. As a further key example of developments in time-signalling techniques, this paper also focuses on the time ball established in Liverpool by the Electric Telegraph Company in collaboration with George Biddell Airy, the Astronomer Royal. This is a particularly significant development because, as the present paper illustrates, one of the most important technologies in measuring the accuracy of the Greenwich time signal took shape in the experimental operation of the time ball. The inventions and knowledge which emerged from the context of Liverpool were vital to the transformation of public timekeeping in Victorian Britain.

Time concurrency/phase-time synchronization in digital communications networks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kihara, Masami; Imaoka, Atsushi

1990-01-01

Digital communications networks have the intrinsic capability of time synchronization which makes it possible for networks to supply time signals to some applications and services. A practical estimation method for the time concurrency on terrestrial networks is presented. By using this method, time concurrency capability of the Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (NTT) digital communications network is estimated to be better than 300 ns rms at an advanced level, and 20 ns rms at final level.

Materials for High-Density Electronic Packaging and Interconnection

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-04-10

play a prominent role in the future. Glass and Porcelain The earliest use of electronic ceramics was as insulators for carrying telegraph lines...Administration 61L & CORES , (Ot. stem. SAI WCJm 76. LOISS (C". SUMt *oW WVCf B’%2101 Constitution Avenue. N W Washington, D.C. 20418 Washington. D.C. 20301 G...Density Packaging 84 Tape Automated Bonding 87 Diamond 88 Superconductors 88 Composites 89 Materials for Very-High-Frequency Digital Systems 91

Samuel Thomas Soemmerring (1755-1830): The Naming of Cranial Nerves.

PubMed

Pearce, John M S

2017-01-01

Samuel Thomas Soemmerring was a Prussian polymathic doctor with remarkable achievements in anatomy, draftsmanship and inventions. His naming of 12 pairs of cranial nerves in his graduation thesis is of particular importance. He also gave original descriptions of the macula, sensory pathways and of the substantia nigra. His non-medical contributions were diverse and included criticism of the guillotine, invention of a telegraphic system, and discoveries in palaeontology. © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.

The Infernal Machine: The Use of Improvised Explosive Devices (IED) against U.S. Forces

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-22

abandoned works near wells and springs; near flagstaffs, magazines, telegraph offices, in carpet bags, baiTels of flour , etc .... ".""vii Accurate...REPORT DOCUMENTATION ·PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information Is estimated 10 average 1 hour...reviewing !he collec!ion of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of lnformetlon, including

The Random Telegraph Signal Behavior of Intermittently Stuck Bits in SDRAMs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chugg, Andrew Michael; Burnell, Andrew J.; Duncan, Peter H.; Parker, Sarah; Ward, Jonathan J.

2009-12-01

This paper reports behavior analogous to the Random Telegraph Signal (RTS) seen in the leakage currents from radiation induced hot pixels in Charge Coupled Devices (CCDs), but in the context of stuck bits in Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memories (SDRAMs). Our analysis suggests that pseudo-random sticking and unsticking of the SDRAM bits is due to thermally induced fluctuations in leakage current through displacement damage complexes in depletion regions that were created by high-energy neutron and proton interactions. It is shown that the number of observed stuck bits increases exponentially with temperature, due to the general increase in the leakage currents through the damage centers with temperature. Nevertheless, some stuck bits are seen to pseudo-randomly stick and unstick in the context of a continuously rising trend of temperature, thus demonstrating that their damage centers can exist in multiple widely spaced, discrete levels of leakage current, which is highly consistent with RTS. This implies that these intermittently stuck bits (ISBs) are a displacement damage phenomenon and are unrelated to microdose issues, which is confirmed by the observation that they also occur in unbiased irradiation. Finally, we note that observed variations in the periodicity of the sticking and unsticking behavior on several timescales is most readily explained by multiple leakage current pathways through displacement damage complexes spontaneously and independently opening and closing under the influence of thermal vibrations.

Stirling engine design manual, 2nd edition

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Martini, W. R.

1983-01-01

This manual is intended to serve as an introduction to Stirling cycle heat engines, as a key to the available literature on Stirling engines and to identify nonproprietary Stirling engine design methodologies. Two different fully described Stirling engines are discussed. Engine design methods are categorized as first order, second order, and third order with increased order number indicating increased complexity. FORTRAN programs are listed for both an isothermal second order design program and an adiabatic second order design program. Third order methods are explained and enumerated. In this second edition of the manual the references are updated. A revised personal and corporate author index is given and an expanded directory lists over 80 individuals and companies active in Stirling engines.

Protecting the Homeland Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Defensive Information Operations. 2000 Summer Study. Volume II

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-03-01

between attacks and other events such as accidents, system failures, or hacking by thrill-seekers. This challenge is exacerbated by the speed of events in...International Telegraph and Telephone (CCITT) international standards body and is referred to as Signaling System # 7 ( SS7 ). Commerc" I Intelligent...point to fixed infrastructure "" Signaling Transfer Point (STP) - Packet switch in CCITT#7 Network STP ... SS7 * System Data Bases i Network

Syria and the Rise of Radical Islamist Groups

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-03-01

Revolution.” 397 David Blair and Richard Spencer , “How Qatar Is Funding the Rise of Islamist Extremists,” The Telegraph, September 20, 2014, http...Islamists in Syria, Officials Say;” Spencer , “How Qatar Is Funding the Rise of Islamist Extremists.” 411 Amena Bakr, “Defying Allies, Qatar Unlikely...Ibid. 416 Spencer , “How Qatar Is Funding the Rise of Islamist Extremists.” 417 Thomas Hegghammer and Aaron Y. Zelin, “How Syria’s Civil War Became a

To Be or Not to Be: The Roles of the Unilateral and Embedded Reporter during Wartime

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-12-11

the military disseminate information, employ the use of modern communication means, and engage the public and the media. The Pattern of Censorship A...correspondent attached to the 21st Lancers, evaded censorship by sending his stories as letters instead of using the telegraph. When the Boer War...advances and societal changes, censorship in today‟s world is not as easy as it used to be which has created a more open environment that will probably

Astronomical fire: Richard Carrington and the solar flare of 1859.

PubMed

Clark, Stuart

2007-09-01

An explosion on the Sun in 1859, serendipitously witnessed by amateur astronomer Richard Carrington, plunged telegraphic communications into chaos and bathed two thirds of the Earth's skies in aurorae. Explaining what happened to the Sun and how it could affect Earth, 93 million miles away, helped change the direction of astronomy. From being concerned principally with charting the stars to aid navigation, astronomers became increasingly concerned with what the celestial objects were, how they behaved and how they might affect life on Earth.

Leadership Case Studies from Women Serving During World War I

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-06-09

American Society . It was a dominant factor influencing the society of the early part of the 1900s. It brought new stressors on societal norms...and American Society (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004), 23. 4 organizations such as the Women’s Peace Union and the Women’s International...YROqwfCPSIKPtSMAzpWIoK/story.html. 21 Smith, “New Paths to Power ,” 371. 22 Ibid., 385. 10 to the American Telephone and Telegraph Company to see if they

CD-ROM-aided Databases

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miyazaki, Kazuhide; Nishimura, Masayoshi

Nippon Telegraph & Telephone Corporation (NTT) was the first company in the world to record the entire business classified Tokyo telephone directory containing more than 1,100,000 entries on CD-ROM. NTT's telephone directory on CD-ROM contains the business classification, the names, addresses and telephon numbers of more than 1,100,000 companies located in Tokyo’s 23 wards and surrounding towns. This report about NTT’s telephone directory on CD-ROM was written about the reason of development, outline, and the point at issue.

Space Weather: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lanzerotti, Louis J.

2017-11-01

A somewhat personalized overview is presented of the effects of solar-terrestrial processes on electrical technologies, beginning with the electrical telegraphs in the mid-eighteenth century to the current era of extensive ground- and space-based commercial and governmental technical systems (including national security) upon which modern society depends. As human technologies increased in diversity over the last century and a half, space weather effects have continued to be of significant importance in the successful design and operations of many of these technologies.

New Yumurtalik to Kirikkale crude-oil pipeline would boost Turkish industrial area

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Simonnet, G.

1982-12-13

Plans for a crude oil pipeline linking the 101 cm (40 in.) Iraq to Turkey pipeline terminal located in Yumurtalik to the site of a future refinery to be situated near Ankara are described. Designed for fully unattended operation, the ''brain'' of the system will be a telecom/telecontrol telemetry system. Support for data information exchanged between the master and local outstations will be a microwave radio carrier system, also permitting the transfer of telephone and telegraph traffic as well as facsimiles.

Quantum walks of two interacting particles on percolation graphs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Siloi, Ilaria; Benedetti, Claudia; Piccinini, Enrico; Paris, Matteo G. A.; Bordone, Paolo

2017-10-01

We address the dynamics of two indistinguishable interacting particles moving on a dynamical percolation graph, i.e., a graph where the edges are independent random telegraph processes whose values jump between 0 and 1, thus mimicking percolation. The interplay between the particle interaction strength, initial state and the percolation rate determine different dynamical regimes for the walkers. We show that, whenever the walkers are initially localised within the interaction range, fast noise enhances the particle spread compared to the noiseless case.

10. Historic view of the building: 'Warren Street from State ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

10. Historic view of the building: 'Warren Street from State Street' ca. 1893. Courtesy of Trenton Free Public Library. 2-6 East State Street is to the right of the image, with the sign for a dentist prominent on the corner. The mass of wires entering the fourth floor window suggests the location of the Western Union Telegraph Office in the building. - 2-6 East State Street (Commercial Building), 2-6 East State Street, Trenton, Mercer County, NJ

Practical recipes for the model order reduction, dynamical simulation and compressive sampling of large-scale open quantum systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sidles, John A.; Garbini, Joseph L.; Harrell, Lee E.; Hero, Alfred O.; Jacky, Jonathan P.; Malcomb, Joseph R.; Norman, Anthony G.; Williamson, Austin M.

2009-06-01

Practical recipes are presented for simulating high-temperature and nonequilibrium quantum spin systems that are continuously measured and controlled. The notion of a spin system is broadly conceived, in order to encompass macroscopic test masses as the limiting case of large-j spins. The simulation technique has three stages: first the deliberate introduction of noise into the simulation, then the conversion of that noise into an equivalent continuous measurement and control process, and finally, projection of the trajectory onto state-space manifolds having reduced dimensionality and possessing a Kähler potential of multilinear algebraic form. These state-spaces can be regarded as ruled algebraic varieties upon which a projective quantum model order reduction (MOR) is performed. The Riemannian sectional curvature of ruled Kählerian varieties is analyzed, and proved to be non-positive upon all sections that contain a rule. These manifolds are shown to contain Slater determinants as a special case and their identity with Grassmannian varieties is demonstrated. The resulting simulation formalism is used to construct a positive P-representation for the thermal density matrix. Single-spin detection by magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) is simulated, and the data statistics are shown to be those of a random telegraph signal with additive white noise. Larger-scale spin-dust models are simulated, having no spatial symmetry and no spatial ordering; the high-fidelity projection of numerically computed quantum trajectories onto low dimensionality Kähler state-space manifolds is demonstrated. The reconstruction of quantum trajectories from sparse random projections is demonstrated, the onset of Donoho-Stodden breakdown at the Candès-Tao sparsity limit is observed, a deterministic construction for sampling matrices is given and methods for quantum state optimization by Dantzig selection are given.

Electronic Noise and Fluctuations in Solids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kogan, Sh.

2008-07-01

Preface; Part I. Introduction. Some Basic Concepts of the Theory of Random Processes: 1. Probability density functions. Moments. Stationary processes; 2. Correlation function; 3. Spectral density of noise; 4. Ergodicity and nonergodicity of random processes; 5. Random pulses and shot noise; 6. Markov processes. General theory; 7. Discrete Markov processes. Random telegraph noise; 8. Quasicontinuous (Diffusion-like) Markov processes; 9. Brownian motion; 10. Langevin approach to the kinetics of fluctuations; Part II. Fluctuation-Dissipation Relations in Equilibrium Systems: 11. Derivation of fluctuation-dissipation relations; 12. Equilibrium noise in quasistationary circuits. Nyquist theorem; 13. Fluctuations of electromagnetic fields in continuous media; Part III. Fluctuations in Nonequilibrium Gases: 14. Some basic concepts of hot-electrons' physics; 15. Simple model of current fluctuations in a semiconductor with hot electrons; 16. General kinetic theory of quasiclassical fluctuations in a gas of particles. The Boltzmann-Langevin equation; 17. Current fluctuations and noise temperature; 18. Current fluctuations and diffusion in a gas of hot electrons; 19. One-time correlation in nonequilibrium gases; 20. Intervalley noise in multivalley semiconductors; 21. Noise of hot electrons emitting optical phonons in the streaming regime; 22. Noise in a semiconductor with a postbreakdown stable current filament; Part IV. Generation-recombination noise: 23. G-R noise in uniform unipolar semiconductors; 24. Noise produced by recombination and diffusion; Part V. Noise in quantum ballistic systems: 25. Introduction; 26. Equilibrium noise and shot noise in quantum conductors; 27. Modulation noise in quantum point contacts; 28. Transition from a ballistic conductor to a macroscopic one; 29. Noise in tunnel junctions; Part VI. Resistance noise in metals: 30. Incoherent scattering of electrons by mobile defects; 31. Effect of mobile scattering centers on the electron interference pattern; 32. Fluctuations of the number of diffusing scattering centers; 33. Temperature fluctuations and the corresponding noise; Part VII. Noise in strongly disordered conductors: 34. Basic ideas of the percolation theory; 35. Resistance fluctuations in percolation systems. 36. Experiments; Part VIII. Low-frequency noise with an 1/f-type spectrum and random telegraph noise: 37. Introduction; 38. Some general properties of 1/f noise; 39. Basic models of 1/f noise; 40./f noise in metals; 41. Low-frequency noise in semiconductors; 42. Magnetic noise in spin glasses and some other magnetic systems; 43. Temperature fluctuations as a possible source of 1/f noise; 44. Random telegraph noise; 45. Fluctuations with 1/f spectrum in other systems; 46. General conclusions on 1/f noise; Part IX. Noise in Superconductors and Superconducting Structures: 47. Noise in Josephson junctions; 48. Noise in type II superconductors; References; Subject index.

Active processes in one dimension

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Demaerel, Thibaut; Maes, Christian

2018-03-01

We consider the thermal and athermal overdamped motion of particles in one-dimensional geometries where discrete internal degrees of freedom (spin) are coupled with the translational motion. Adding a driving velocity that depends on the time-dependent spin constitutes the simplest model of active particles (run-and-tumble processes) where the violation of the equipartition principle and of the Sutherland-Einstein relation can be studied in detail even when there is generalized reversibility. We give an example (with four spin values) where the irreversibility of the translational motion manifests itself only in higher-order (than two) time correlations. We derive a generalized telegraph equation as the Smoluchowski equation for the spatial density for an arbitrary number of spin values. We also investigate the Arrhenius exponential law for run-and-tumble particles; due to their activity the slope of the potential becomes important in contrast to the passive diffusion case and activity enhances the escape from a potential well (if that slope is high enough). Finally, in the absence of a driving velocity, the presence of internal currents such as in the chemistry of molecular motors may be transmitted to the translational motion and the internal activity is crucial for the direction of the emerging spatial current.

Hierarchical extraction of urban objects from mobile laser scanning data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Bisheng; Dong, Zhen; Zhao, Gang; Dai, Wenxia

2015-01-01

Point clouds collected in urban scenes contain a huge number of points (e.g., billions), numerous objects with significant size variability, complex and incomplete structures, and variable point densities, raising great challenges for the automated extraction of urban objects in the field of photogrammetry, computer vision, and robotics. This paper addresses these challenges by proposing an automated method to extract urban objects robustly and efficiently. The proposed method generates multi-scale supervoxels from 3D point clouds using the point attributes (e.g., colors, intensities) and spatial distances between points, and then segments the supervoxels rather than individual points by combining graph based segmentation with multiple cues (e.g., principal direction, colors) of the supervoxels. The proposed method defines a set of rules for merging segments into meaningful units according to types of urban objects and forms the semantic knowledge of urban objects for the classification of objects. Finally, the proposed method extracts and classifies urban objects in a hierarchical order ranked by the saliency of the segments. Experiments show that the proposed method is efficient and robust for extracting buildings, streetlamps, trees, telegraph poles, traffic signs, cars, and enclosures from mobile laser scanning (MLS) point clouds, with an overall accuracy of 92.3%.

Final Evaluation Report American Telephone and Telegraph Company, System V/MLS Release 1.2.0 Running on UNIX System V, Release 3.1.1 Rating Maintenance Plan

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-09-28

message queues semaphores processes This report also discusses 630 MTG buffers which are system objects (as are the process table, u- area, etc ). 630...mechanism is associated with a corresponding set of " operation " system calls: mqgend, rmgrcv for messages, semop for semaphores , shmat, shmdt for... Semaphores Semaphores are objects that are used to implement a process synchronisation mechanism. System V semaphores are a generalization of the P and V

AT&T (American Telephone and Telegraph Company) Aftermath of Antitrust. Preserving Positive Command and Control,

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-01

First printing, December, 1983. Accesslon Fot D’ý:1C TAB u.7. DXl ml,’i butl ou Av•Llab11¶ •t C., P5 Avv ,! il d.o0 Dist IV - To my mother, my wife, and my...Reaction to Reform .......................... 35 Difficulties for Defense........................ 42 V1i viii Contents V. The Antlitrust Suit: A Clinic ...repre- sented the views traditionally held by Defense regarding AT&T and per- mitted its introduction.27 The trial continued with occasional recesses

Evidence for Acid-Sulfate Alteration in the Pahrump Hills Region, Gale Crater, Mars

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rampe, E. B.; Ming, D. W.; Blake, D. F.; Morris, R. V.; Bish, D. L.; Bristow, T. F.; Crisp, J. A.; Morookian, J. M.; Vaniman. D. T.; Chipera, S. J.;

American Telephone and Telegraph System V/MLS Release 1.1.2 Running on Unix System V Release 3.1.1

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-10-18

Evaluation Report AT&T System V/MLS SYSTEM OVERVIEW what is specified in the /mls/ passwd file. For a complete description of how this works, see page 62...from the publicly readable files /etc/ passwd and /etclgroup, to the protected files /mlslpasswd and /mls/group. These protected files are ASCII...files which are referred to as "shadow files". October 18, 1989 62 Final Evaluation Report AT&T System V/MLS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Imls/ passwd contains the

The theory of the anti-maser: coherent perfect absorption of RF

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aviles, Michael; Mazzocco, Anthony; Andrews, Jim; Dawson, Nathan; Crescimanno, Michael

2012-10-01

The radio frequency (RF)-analogue of the anti-laser is developed using four terminal network theory combined with the telegrapher's equation. We describe solutions of the Coherent Perfect Absorption (CPA) condition that are interpretable as the slab dielectric anti-laser. We find a host of other solutions, some of which have no simple optical analogue. Broadband solutions are found which hint at the possibility of a new type of asymmetric transient CPA phenomenon, and point out that this study suggests a potentially new low loss, reversible RF devices.

The relativistic Black-Scholes model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Trzetrzelewski, Maciej

2017-02-01

The Black-Scholes equation, after a certain coordinate transformation, is equivalent to the heat equation. On the other hand the relativistic extension of the latter, the telegraphers equation, can be derived from the Euclidean version of the Dirac equation. Therefore, the relativistic extension of the Black-Scholes model follows from relativistic quantum mechanics quite naturally. We investigate this particular model for the case of European vanilla options. Due to the notion of locality incorporated in this way, one finds that the volatility frown-like effect appears when comparing to the original Black-Scholes model.

CCITT (International Telegraph Consultative Committee) Study Groups XI and XVIII Draft Recommendations for ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Networks), November 8-December 2, 1983.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-12-01

national gateway closest to an MCI interconnection point would be chosen.) Another significant principle is that mobile users area to be addresses the...duplication with E.16n. It was agreed that, from an addressing viewpoint, mobile subscribers are .. like fixed subscribers; i.e., mobile subscribers have TEs...reference points S and T, NTl, and may have NT2. Therefore, an ISDN number has the same ability to unambiguously identify points in mobile subscriber

Report of the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee Study Group. XVIII. Group of Experts on ISDN Matters Meeting in Kyoto, Japan.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-02-01

other through an ISDN and to other subscribers on the ISDN and because certain numbering plans may be better adapted to restoral plans and mobile ...useful in Government and other private networks. One is that the "ISDN nup -- stall be capable of unambiguously identifying a particular mobile ...interface (paragraph 5.8 on page A.140). Paragraph 4.6 on page A.138 also mentions mobile terminal (TE, for terminal equipment). The other useful requirement

Multi-Aperture-Based Probabilistic Noise Reduction of Random Telegraph Signal Noise and Photon Shot Noise in Semi-Photon-Counting Complementary-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Image Sensor

PubMed Central

Ishida, Haruki; Kagawa, Keiichiro; Komuro, Takashi; Zhang, Bo; Seo, Min-Woong; Takasawa, Taishi; Yasutomi, Keita; Kawahito, Shoji

2018-01-01

A probabilistic method to remove the random telegraph signal (RTS) noise and to increase the signal level is proposed, and was verified by simulation based on measured real sensor noise. Although semi-photon-counting-level (SPCL) ultra-low noise complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors (CISs) with high conversion gain pixels have emerged, they still suffer from huge RTS noise, which is inherent to the CISs. The proposed method utilizes a multi-aperture (MA) camera that is composed of multiple sets of an SPCL CIS and a moderately fast and compact imaging lens to emulate a very fast single lens. Due to the redundancy of the MA camera, the RTS noise is removed by the maximum likelihood estimation where noise characteristics are modeled by the probability density distribution. In the proposed method, the photon shot noise is also relatively reduced because of the averaging effect, where the pixel values of all the multiple apertures are considered. An extremely low-light condition that the maximum number of electrons per aperture was the only 2e− was simulated. PSNRs of a test image for simple averaging, selective averaging (our previous method), and the proposed method were 11.92 dB, 11.61 dB, and 13.14 dB, respectively. The selective averaging, which can remove RTS noise, was worse than the simple averaging because it ignores the pixels with RTS noise and photon shot noise was less improved. The simulation results showed that the proposed method provided the best noise reduction performance. PMID:29587424

A statistical evaluation of effective time constants of random telegraph noise with various operation timings of in-pixel source follower transistors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yonezawa, A.; Kuroda, R.; Teramoto, A.; Obara, T.; Sugawa, S.

2014-03-01

We evaluated effective time constants of random telegraph noise (RTN) with various operation timings of in-pixel source follower transistors statistically, and discuss the dependency of RTN time constants on the duty ratio (on/off ratio) of MOSFET which is controlled by the gate to source voltage (VGS). Under a general readout operation of CMOS image sensor (CIS), the row selected pixel-source followers (SFs) turn on and not selected pixel-SFs operate at different bias conditions depending on the select switch position; when select switch locate in between the SF driver and column output line, SF drivers nearly turn off. The duty ratio and cyclic period of selected time of SF driver depends on the operation timing determined by the column read out sequence. By changing the duty ratio from 1 to 7.6 x 10-3, time constant ratio of RTN (time to capture <τc<)/(time to emission <τe<) of a part of MOSFETs increased while RTN amplitudes were almost the same regardless of the duty ratio. In these MOSFETs, <τc< increased and the majority of <τe< decreased and the minority of <τe< increased by decreasing the duty ratio. The same tendencies of behaviors of <τc< and <τe< were obtained when VGS was decreased. This indicates that the effective <τc< and <τe< converge to those under off state as duty ratio decreases. These results are important for the noise reduction, detection and analysis of in pixel-SF with RTN.

Stirling engine design manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Martini, W. R.

1978-01-01

This manual is intended to serve both as an introduction to Stirling engine analysis methods and as a key to the open literature on Stirling engines. Over 800 references are listed and these are cross referenced by date of publication, author and subject. Engine analysis is treated starting from elementary principles and working through cycles analysis. Analysis methodologies are classified as first, second or third order depending upon degree of complexity and probable application; first order for preliminary engine studies, second order for performance prediction and engine optimization, and third order for detailed hardware evaluation and engine research. A few comparisons between theory and experiment are made. A second order design procedure is documented step by step with calculation sheets and a worked out example to follow. Current high power engines are briefly described and a directory of companies and individuals who are active in Stirling engine development is included. Much remains to be done. Some of the more complicated and potentially very useful design procedures are now only referred to. Future support will enable a more thorough job of comparing all available design procedures against experimental data which should soon be available.

Worldwide Emerging Environmental Issues Affecting the U.S. Military. June 2010 Report

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

Increasing Advocacy for BPA Restrictions…………………………….……………8 6.9 Toxic Substances Control Act Up for Revision…………………………..………….8 6.10 Climate Change ...arrangements against EMPs in the light of this forecast. Source: NASA warns solar flares from ’huge space storm’ will cause devastation http...www.telegraph.co.uk/science/space/7819201/Nasa-warns-solar-flares-from-huge-space-sto rm-will- cause -devastation.html Item 2. OSCE is Enhancing Environmental

Global science: the eruption of Krakatau.

PubMed

Dörries, Matthias

2003-01-01

The eruption of the volcano Krakatau in the Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia) in 1883 had worldwide impact. This was perceived in the three quite different types of global propagation that occurred after the eruption: a rapid pressure wave, noticeable only to measuring instruments, followed a few hours later by the spread of the news of the event, succeeded by a slowly expanding optical phenomenon that lasted for a couple of years. Krakatau was the first natural catastrophe of global magnitude that was almost immediately recognized as such throughout the world, largely thanks to the recently installed worldwide telegraphic network.

Role of oxygen vacancies in HfO2-based gate stack breakdown

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, X.; Migas, D. B.; Li, X.; Bosman, M.; Raghavan, N.; Borisenko, V. E.; Pey, K. L.

2010-04-01

We study the influence of multiple oxygen vacancy traps in the percolated dielectric on the postbreakdown random telegraph noise (RTN) digital fluctuations in HfO2-based metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors. Our electrical characterization results indicate that these digital fluctuations are triggered only beyond a certain gate stress voltage. First-principles calculations suggest the oxygen vacancies to be responsible for the formation of a subband in the forbidden band gap region, which affects the triggering voltage (VTRIG) for the RTN fluctuations and leads to a shrinkage of the HfO2 band gap.

1. Historic American Buildings Survey E.H. Pickering, Photographer August 1936 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

1. Historic American Buildings Survey E.H. Pickering, Photographer August 1936 THIS BUILDING ERECTED 1830 IS THE FIRST PASSENGER AND FREIGHT STATION IN AMERICA AND THE OLDEST IN THE WORLD AT THE TIME OF ITS USE. TRAINS WERE HAULED BY HORSES BETWEEN BALTIMORE AND ELLICOTT MILLS, BALTIMORE & OHIO THE PIONEER RAILROAD OF AMERICA. THE CORNER STONE OF WHICH WAS LAID BY CHARLES CARROLL OF CARROLLTON JULY 4, 1828. THE FIRST TELEGRAPH MESSAGE SENT FROM THIS BUILDING TO WASHINGTON. MAY 24, 1844. 'WHAT HATH GOD WROUGHT:' - Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, Mount Clare Station, 500 block West Pratt Street, Baltimore, Independent City, MD

On a new functional form for the dispersive flux in porous media

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tompson, A.F.B.

A recently developed second-order model for local dispersive transport in porous media has been simplified to yield a new, closed-form relationship for the dispersive flux. In situations characterized by negligible velocity gradients, the flux can generally be represented as a convolution or memory integral over time of previous concentration gradients. The strength of this memory is controlled by an exponential weighting factor related to the magnitudes of the velocity and local molecular diffusive flux. The form of this result is consistent with other models of diffusive and dispersive transport phenomena over various spatial scales. In circumstances where the memory strengthmore » is small, the integral can be simplified and cast in the form of a standard Fickian relationship with apparent time-dependent dispersivity functions that grow to finite, asymptotic values. This specific formulation can be manipulated to yield a one-equation transport balance law in the form of a telegraph equation. Nonphysical effects, such as spurious upstream dispersion and instantaneous propagation of mass to extremely distant points predicted with a Fickian law, are reduced or eliminated. Although the importance of the new result in transport simulations will depend on the spatial and temporal scales of interest, it should provide some insight in the interpretation and design of new experiments.« less

[Historical and social perspective from the 64-65 Mexican medical movement].

PubMed

Cabello-López, Alejandro; Gopar-Nieto, Rodrigo; Aguilar-Madrid, Guadalupe; Juárez-Pérez, Cuauhtémoc Arturo; Haro-García, Luis Cuauhtémoc

2015-01-01

The Mexican Medical Movement from 1964-1965 constitutes an important event from the rising urban middle-class, besides it was the first time medical doctors claimed for fair working conditions. The background of this movement is the so-called Crisis of 1958, which included the Movements from the educators union, oil workers union, telegraph workers union and the railroad workers union. The conflict began because interns and residents from the "Hospital 20 de Noviembre" would not get a payment at the end of the year, so on November 26th, 1964, the movement started. The Asociación Mexicana de Médicos Residentes e Internos (AMMRI) was created and their demands were the following: 1) Full working site restitution without retaliations, 2) Legal examination of the scholarship-contract terms, in order to get annual, renewable and progressive contracts, and a fixed salary with the usual working-hours and characteristics of each institution, 3) To have preference to get an adscription at the hospital where the resident studied, 4) Active participation from the resident in the elaboration of the academic plans, and 5) Resolution of each hospital's problems. This movement had social impact for Mexico's contemporary life, nevertheless some of the demands are still unchanged among medical residents.

Climate change, wellbeing and resilience in the Weenusk First Nation at Peawanuck: the Moccasin Telegraph goes global.

PubMed

Lemelin, Harvey; Matthews, Drew; Mattina, Charlie; McIntyre, Norman; Johnston, Margaret; Koster, Rhonda; Weenusk First Nation At Peawanuck

2010-01-01

The Cree of Northern Ontario, Canada, have proved resilient and adaptable to social and environmental changes. However, the rapidity of climate change impacts in the Hudson Bay Lowlands of the Canadian sub-Arctic is challenging this resiliency. A collaborative project conducted with the Weenusk First Nation at Peawanuck and researchers at Lakehead University used the concept of wellbeing to explore the impact of climate change on current subsistence activities, resource management, and conservation strategies, while considering the implications of globalization on climate change awareness. This article describes the analysis of 22 interviews conducted with members of the Weenusk First Nation at Peawanuck. Findings indicate that residents are concerned with a variety of changes in the environment and their ability to use the land. For example, they noted changes in travel routes on water and land, often attributing these to geomorphic changes in the coastal landscapes along Hudson Bay. They also noted the disappearance of particular insects and bird species, and variations in the distribution of particular fauna and flora. Possible impacts of these changes on the community's wellbeing and resiliency are examined. Another major theme that arose from the analysis was the impact of traditional modes of communication (eg traditional knowledge, radio, newspaper) and newer forms (eg satellite television and the internet) on Indigenous people's understanding of climate change. Given that few researchers have acknowledged or recognized the globalization of the moccasin telegraph (ie the traditional mode of communication between First Nations), a discussion of this phenomenon and its significance for understanding emerging knowledge systems in small, remote First Nation communities is central to this article.

U.S. Army Engineering and Support Center, Huntsville, Price Reasonableness Determinations for Federal Supply Schedule Orders for Supplies Need Improvement

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-03-29

Army Engineering and Support Center, Huntsville, Price Reasonableness Determinations for Federal Supply Schedule Orders for Supplies Need...0207.000) │ i Results in Brief U.S. Army Engineering and Support Center, Huntsville, Price Reasonableness Determinations for Federal Supply Schedule...Orders for Supplies Need Improvement Visit us at www.dodig.mil March 29, 2016 Objective We determined whether U.S. Army Corps of Engineers contracting

How Has Saddam Hussein Survived? Economic Sanctions, 1990-1993

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-08-01

Christy Campbell and Adrian Porter of the Lonmon Sunday Telegraph, Washington Times, 16 March 1992. The issue of who is counterfeiting Iraqi money ...ItkdIi k ( i . I ! T i ’it I ’’ I t\\IIIý, I ), I 11 1 11 r 11 111 i 1 111 1 11 t h~lVHA l uv im lt N \\ iA r~ wA W~lild lt l ’ III\\ ’ I lit’ IN l not...8217 charging high prices at the same time the government increases wages (especially to the military) which it can pay for only by printing money . 30. 1999

7 CFR 1724.32 - Inspection and certification of work order construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...) RURAL UTILITIES SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ELECTRIC ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURAL SERVICES AND DESIGN POLICIES AND PROCEDURES Engineering Services § 1724.32 Inspection and certification of work order... accordance with acceptable engineering practice. (2) A certification must also include the name of the...

7 CFR 1724.32 - Inspection and certification of work order construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...) RURAL UTILITIES SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ELECTRIC ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURAL SERVICES AND DESIGN POLICIES AND PROCEDURES Engineering Services § 1724.32 Inspection and certification of work order... accordance with acceptable engineering practice. (2) A certification must also include the name of the...

7 CFR 1724.32 - Inspection and certification of work order construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...) RURAL UTILITIES SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ELECTRIC ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURAL SERVICES AND DESIGN POLICIES AND PROCEDURES Engineering Services § 1724.32 Inspection and certification of work order... accordance with acceptable engineering practice. (2) A certification must also include the name of the...

CIM's bridge from CADD to CAM: Data management requirements for manufacturing engineering

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ford, S. J.

1984-01-01

Manufacturing engineering represents the crossroads of technical data management in a Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) environment. Process planning, numerical control programming and tool design are the key functions which translate information from as engineered to as assembled. In order to transition data from engineering to manufacturing, it is necessary to introduce a series of product interpretations which contain an interim introduction of technical parameters. The current automation of the product definition and the production process places manufacturing engineering in the center of CAD/CAM with the responsibility of communicating design data to the factory floor via a manufacturing model of the data. A close look at data management requirements for manufacturing engineering is necessary in order to establish the overall specifications for CADD output, CAM input, and CIM integration. The functions and issues associated with the orderly evolution of computer aided engineering and manufacturing are examined.

Impact of Silicon Doping on Low-Frequency Charge Noise and Conductance Drift in GaAs/AlxGa1 -xAs Nanostructures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fallahi, S.; Nakamura, J. R.; Gardner, G. C.; Yannell, M. M.; Manfra, M. J.

2018-03-01

We present measurements of low-frequency charge noise and conductance drift in modulation-doped GaAs /AlxGa1 -xAs heterostructures grown by molecular beam epitaxy in which the silicon doping density is varied from 2.4 ×1018 (critically doped) to 6.0 ×1018 cm-3 (overdoped). Quantum point contacts are used to detect charge fluctuations. A clear reduction of both short-time-scale telegraphic noise and long-time-scale conductance drift with decreased doping density is observed. These measurements indicate that the neutral doping region plays a significant role in charge noise and conductance drift.

Current-limiting and ultrafast system for the characterization of resistive random access memories.

PubMed

Diaz-Fortuny, J; Maestro, M; Martin-Martinez, J; Crespo-Yepes, A; Rodriguez, R; Nafria, M; Aymerich, X

2016-06-01

A new system for the ultrafast characterization of resistive switching phenomenon is developed to acquire the current during the Set and Reset process in a microsecond time scale. A new electronic circuit has been developed as a part of the main setup system, which is capable of (i) applying a hardware current limit ranging from nanoampers up to miliampers and (ii) converting the Set and Reset exponential gate current range into an equivalent linear voltage. The complete system setup allows measuring with a microsecond resolution. Some examples demonstrate that, with the developed setup, an in-depth analysis of resistive switching phenomenon and random telegraph noise can be made.

Electric-field-driven phase transition in vanadium dioxide

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, B.; Zimmers, A.; Aubin, H.; Ghosh, R.; Liu, Y.; Lopez, R.

2011-12-01

We report on local probe measurements of current-voltage and electrostatic force-voltage characteristics of electric-field-induced insulator to metal transition in VO2 thin film. In conducting AFM mode, switching from the insulating to metallic state occurs for electric-field threshold E˜6.5×107Vm-1 at 300K. Upon lifting the tip above the sample surface, we find that the transition can also be observed through a change in electrostatic force and in tunneling current. In this noncontact regime, the transition is characterized by random telegraphic noise. These results show that electric field alone is sufficient to induce the transition; however, the electronic current provides a positive feedback effect that amplifies the phenomena.

Particle and Photon Detection: Counting and Energy Measurement

PubMed Central

Janesick, James; Tower, John

2016-01-01

Fundamental limits for photon counting and photon energy measurement are reviewed for CCD and CMOS imagers. The challenges to extend photon counting into the visible/nIR wavelengths and achieve energy measurement in the UV with specific read noise requirements are discussed. Pixel flicker and random telegraph noise sources are highlighted along with various methods used in reducing their contribution on the sensor’s read noise floor. Practical requirements for quantum efficiency, charge collection efficiency, and charge transfer efficiency that interfere with photon counting performance are discussed. Lastly we will review current efforts in reducing flicker noise head-on, in hopes to drive read noise substantially below 1 carrier rms. PMID:27187398

Pervasive randomness in physics: an introduction to its modelling and spectral characterisation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Howard, Roy

2017-10-01

An introduction to the modelling and spectral characterisation of random phenomena is detailed at a level consistent with a first exposure to the subject at an undergraduate level. A signal framework for defining a random process is provided and this underpins an introduction to common random processes including the Poisson point process, the random walk, the random telegraph signal, shot noise, information signalling random processes, jittered pulse trains, birth-death random processes and Markov chains. An introduction to the spectral characterisation of signals and random processes, via either an energy spectral density or a power spectral density, is detailed. The important case of defining a white noise random process concludes the paper.

Quantum Corrections to the 'Atomistic' MOSFET Simulations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Asenov, Asen; Slavcheva, G.; Kaya, S.; Balasubramaniam, R.

2000-01-01

We have introduced in a simple and efficient manner quantum mechanical corrections in our 3D 'atomistic' MOSFET simulator using the density gradient formalism. We have studied in comparison with classical simulations the effect of the quantum mechanical corrections on the simulation of random dopant induced threshold voltage fluctuations, the effect of the single charge trapping on interface states and the effect of the oxide thickness fluctuations in decanano MOSFETs with ultrathin gate oxides. The introduction of quantum corrections enhances the threshold voltage fluctuations but does not affect significantly the amplitude of the random telegraph noise associated with single carrier trapping. The importance of the quantum corrections for proper simulation of oxide thickness fluctuation effects has also been demonstrated.

Al Gore did Not Invent the Internet, Hans Christian Oersted did in 1820

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roberts, James; Anand, Aman; Dahiya, Jai

2009-04-01

In this talk it will be shown how the simple process of a current in a wire producing ``action at a distance'' in a compass can lead to development of the telegraph, telephone, wireless communication and finally to the internet. This discovery led to the invention of a motor and an electric generator. Such simple discoveries often have profound effects on what we are able to do. A discussion of how activities based on this discovery are being used in the Regional Collaborative for Excellence in Science Teaching UNT to engage students and teachers in science activities. Hand out materials will be provided to the audience on these activities.

Heat engine and electric motor torque distribution strategy for a hybrid electric vehicle

DOEpatents

Boberg, Evan S.; Gebby, Brian P.

1999-09-28

A method is provided for controlling a power train system for a hybrid electric vehicle. The method includes a torque distribution strategy for controlling the engine and the electric motor. The engine and motor commands are determined based upon the accelerator position, the battery state of charge and the amount of engine and motor torque available. The amount of torque requested for the engine is restricted by a limited rate of rise in order to reduce the emissions from the engine. The limited engine torque is supplemented by motor torque in order to meet a torque request determined based upon the accelerator position.

Performance Parameters Analysis of an XD3P Peugeot Engine Using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) Concept in MATLAB

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rangaswamy, T.; Vidhyashankar, S.; Madhusudan, M.; Bharath Shekar, H. R.

2015-04-01

The current trends of engineering follow the basic rule of innovation in mechanical engineering aspects. For the engineers to be efficient, problem solving aspects need to be viewed in a multidimensional perspective. One such methodology implemented is the fusion of technologies from other disciplines in order to solve the problems. This paper mainly deals with the application of Neural Networks in order to analyze the performance parameters of an XD3P Peugeot engine (used in Ministry of Defence). The basic propaganda of the work is divided into two main working stages. In the former stage, experimentation of an IC engine is carried out in order to obtain the primary data. In the latter stage the primary database formed is used to design and implement a predictive neural network in order to analyze the output parameters variation with respect to each other. A mathematical governing equation for the neural network is obtained. The obtained polynomial equation describes the characteristic behavior of the built neural network system. Finally, a comparative study of the results is carried out.

Stimulation of a turbofan engine for evaluation of multivariable optimal control concepts. [(computerized simulation)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Seldner, K.

1976-01-01

The development of control systems for jet engines requires a real-time computer simulation. The simulation provides an effective tool for evaluating control concepts and problem areas prior to actual engine testing. The development and use of a real-time simulation of the Pratt and Whitney F100-PW100 turbofan engine is described. The simulation was used in a multi-variable optimal controls research program using linear quadratic regulator theory. The simulation is used to generate linear engine models at selected operating points and evaluate the control algorithm. To reduce the complexity of the design, it is desirable to reduce the order of the linear model. A technique to reduce the order of the model; is discussed. Selected results between high and low order models are compared. The LQR control algorithms can be programmed on digital computer. This computer will control the engine simulation over the desired flight envelope.

DEAN: A program for dynamic engine analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sadler, G. G.; Melcher, K. J.

1985-01-01

The Dynamic Engine Analysis program, DEAN, is a FORTRAN code implemented on the IBM/370 mainframe at NASA Lewis Research Center for digital simulation of turbofan engine dynamics. DEAN is an interactive program which allows the user to simulate engine subsystems as well as a full engine systems with relative ease. The nonlinear first order ordinary differential equations which define the engine model may be solved by one of four integration schemes, a second order Runge-Kutta, a fourth order Runge-Kutta, an Adams Predictor-Corrector, or Gear's method for still systems. The numerical data generated by the model equations are displayed at specified intervals between which the user may choose to modify various parameters affecting the model equations and transient execution. Following the transient run, versatile graphics capabilities allow close examination of the data. DEAN's modeling procedure and capabilities are demonstrated by generating a model of simple compressor rig.

Revision of middle Proterozoic Yellowjacket Formation, central Idaho, and revision of Cretaceous Slim Sam Formation, Elkhorn mountains area, Montana

USGS Publications Warehouse

Tysdal, Russell G.

2000-01-01

The Yellowjacket Formation is restricted to the strata originally assigned to it by Ross (1934). The Yellowjacket, the conformably overlying Hoodoo Quartzite, and succeeding unnamed argillaceous quartzite unit form a genetically related sequence that lies in a structural block delimited on the northeast by the Iron Lake fault. Directly northeast of the fault, strata currently assigned by others to the lower subunit of the Yellowjacket are correlated with the Apple Creek Formation in the Lemhi Range. Mapping in the western part of the Lemhi Range shows that the Apple Creek Formation lies depositionally above the Big Creek Formation and that no rocks of the Yellowjacket-Hoodoo unnamed unit stratigraphic sequence are present. In contrast, in the area of the Yellowjacket mapped by Ross (1934) and the area directly northeast of the Iron Lake Fault, the Big Creek Formation is absent, even though it is 2,700 m thick in the Lemhi Range. These data indicate that the Iron Lake Fault juxtaposed the Yellowjacket-Hoodoo-unnamed unit sequence against non-Yellowjacket strata to the northeast. The Upper Cretaceous Slim Sam Formation of the Elkhorn Mountains area is revised. Strata of the lower part are correlated with the regionally recognized marine Telegraph Creek Formation and the overlying marine to marginal marine Eagle Sandstone. Only lower strata of the Eagle are present in the study area and they are preserved discontinously. The nonmarine volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks of the upper part of the Slim Sam as originally defined retain the name Slim Sam Formation. These rocks, mainly of sedimentary origin, are genetically related to the Elkhorn Mountains Volcanics. The lower contact of the Slim Sam (restricted) is unconformable above the Eagle Sandstone or more commonly above the Telegraph Creek Formation. The upper contact is conformable with the Elkhorn Mountains Volcanics.

76 FR 44648 - Notice of Availability of a Record of Decision (ROD) and Order for a Written Reevaluation of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-26

... and other associated airport projects are currently undergoing final engineering and design...) has submitted a request to the FAA for approval of the engineering and design refinements that are minor changes to the previously approved project. The ROD and Order approves the engineering and design...

Low-order nonlinear dynamic model of IC engine-variable pitch propeller system for general aviation aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Richard, Jacques C.

1995-01-01

This paper presents a dynamic model of an internal combustion engine coupled to a variable pitch propeller. The low-order, nonlinear time-dependent model is useful for simulating the propulsion system of general aviation single-engine light aircraft. This model is suitable for investigating engine diagnostics and monitoring and for control design and development. Furthermore, the model may be extended to provide a tool for the study of engine emissions, fuel economy, component effects, alternative fuels, alternative engine cycles, flight simulators, sensors, and actuators. Results show that the model provides a reasonable representation of the propulsion system dynamics from zero to 10 Hertz.

Measurements, modeling, and simulation of semiconductor/gate dielectric defects using random telegraph signals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nour, Mohamed

Constructing an effective statistical model and a simulation tool that can predict the phenomenon of random telegraph signals (RTS) is the objective of this work. The continuous scaling down of metal oxide -- semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) makes charging/discharging traps(s) located at the silicon/silicon dioxide interface or deep in the oxide bulk by mobile charge(s) a more pronounced problem for both analog and digital applications. The intent of this work is to develop an RTS statistical model and a simulation tool based on first principles and supported by extensive experimental data. The newly developed RTS statistical model and its simulation tool should be able to replicate and predict the RTS in time and frequency domains. First, room temperature RTS measurements are performed which provide limited information about the trap. They yield the extraction of some trap and RTS characteristics such as average capture and emission times associated with RTS traces, trap position in the oxide with respect to the Si/SiO 2 interface and along the channel with respect to the source, capture cross section, and trap energies in the Si and SiO2 band -- gaps. Variable temperature measurements, on the other hand, yield much more valuable information. Variable temperature RTS measurements from room temperature down to 80 K were performed, with the MOSFET biased from threshold voltage to strong inversion, in the linear and saturation regions. Variable temperature RTS measurements yield the extraction of trap characteristics such as capture cross -- section prefactor, capture and emission activation energies, change in entropy and enthalpy, and relaxation energy associated with a trap from which the nature and origin of a defect center can be identified. The newly developed Random Telegraph Signals Simulation (RTSSIM) is based on several physical principles and mechanisms e.g. (1) capturing and emitting a mobile charge from and to the channel is governed by phonon- assisted- tunneling, (2) traps only within a few kBT of the Fermi energy level are considered electrically active, (3) trap density is taken as U -- shaped in energy in the silicon band-gap, (4) device scalability is accounted for, (5) and temperature dependence of all parameters is considered. RTSSIM reconstructs the RTS traces in time domain from which the power spectral density (PSD) is evaluated. If there is 20 or more active traps, RTSSIM evaluates the PSD from the superposition of the RTS spectra. RTSSIM extracts RTS and trap characteristics from the simulated RTS data and outputs them to MS Excel files for further analyses and study. The novelty of this work is: (1) it is the first time quantum trap states have been accurately assigned to each switching level in a complex RTS corresponding to dependently and independently interacting traps, (2) new physics-based measurement-driven model and simulation tool has been developed for RTS phenomenon in a MOSFET, (3) and it is the first time a species in SiO2 responsible for RTS has been identified through time-domain measurements and extensive analysis using four trap characteristics at the same time.

Analysis of Performance of Jet Engine from Characteristics of Components II : Interaction of Components as Determined from Engine Operation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Goldstein, Arthur W; Alpert, Sumner; Beede, William; Kovach, Karl

1949-01-01

In order to understand the operation and the interaction of jet-engine components during engine operation and to determine how component characteristics may be used to compute engine performance, a method to analyze and to estimate performance of such engines was devised and applied to the study of the characteristics of a research turbojet engine built for this investigation. An attempt was made to correlate turbine performance obtained from engine experiments with that obtained by the simpler procedure of separately calibrating the turbine with cold air as a driving fluid in order to investigate the applicability of component calibration. The system of analysis was also applied to prediction of the engine and component performance with assumed modifications of the burner and bearing characteristics, to prediction of component and engine operation during engine acceleration, and to estimates of the performance of the engine and the components when the exhaust gas was used to drive a power turbine.

Critical Thinking Disposition: The Effects of Infusion Approach in Engineering Drawing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Darby, Norazlinda Mohd; Rashid, Abdullah Mat

2017-01-01

Critical Thinking Disposition is known as an important factor that drives a student to use Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in order to solve engineering drawing problems. Infusing them while teaching the subject may enhance students' disposition and higher order thinking skills. However, no research has been done in critical thinking…

78 FR 3928 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Order Disapproving Proposed Rule...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-17

... system protocol, to the NASDAQ matching engine or to the NASDAQ router as needed to complete the... Order application to the order entry gateway of NASDAQ's matching engine, but the amount of time gained... proposal represents another example of the blurring borders between exchanges and broker-dealers, and...

Coping with Radio Frequency Interference

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lewis, B. M.

2009-01-01

The radio spectrum is a finite resource, on which humanity makes many demands. And pressure on it is ever increasing with the development of new technology and ideas for radio services. After all, we all benefit from wifi and cell phones. Radio astronomers have a small percentage of the spectrum allocated to them at octave intervals in the metre-centimetre bands, and at important frequencies, such as that of the 21cm line of HI. Signals from other services, as well as from our own poorly-engineered equipment, sometimes contaminate our bands: these signals constitute RFI. These may totally obliterate the astronomical signal, or, in the case of CLOUDSAT, may be capable of completely destroying a receiver, which introduces us to the new possibility of 'destructive interference'. A geo-stationary satellite can block access to a piece of sky from one site. Good equipment design eliminates self-inflicted interference, while physical separation often provides adequate practical mitigation at many frequencies. However, new observatories end up being located in the West Australian desert or Antarctica. In future they may be on the back side of the Moon. But there is no Earth-bound protection via physical separation against satellite signals. Some mitigation can be achieved by frequent data dumps and the excision of RFI, or by real-time detection and blanking of the receiver, or by more sophisticated algoriths. Astronomers of necessity aim to achieve mitigation via coordination, at the local level, and by participating in spectrum management at the national and international levels. This involves them spending a lot of time in Geneva at the International Telegraphic Union protecting their access to spectrum, and access to clean spectrum from the L3 point and the far side of the Moon.

Addiction and technology: Plus ça change plus c'est la même (The more things change, the more they remain the same).

PubMed

Sarin, Alok; Murthy, Pratima; Jain, Sanjeev

2017-01-01

Excessive use of the internet for gambling, gaming and behavioural addiction, are a focus of contemporary interest. The authors delve into the archives to explore the connections between the growth of various forms of technology, commerce, addictive behaviours and responses of the State, in colonial India. The interplay between the growth of the telegraph network in 19th century India, and its influence on various forms of gambling, including speculation on opium prices, and the rain, as a theme of wager make interesting stories, as do the governmental responses to these. Clinical and social responses to information technology raised much the same concerns as they do now.

Skylab short-lived event alert program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Citron, R. A.

1974-01-01

During the three manned Skylab missions, the Center for Short-Lived Phenomena (CSLP) reported a total of 39 significant events to the Johnson Space Center (JSC) as part of the Skylab Short-Lived Event Alert Program. The telegraphed daily status reports included the names and locations of the events, the track number and revolution number during which the event could be observed, the time (GMT) to within plus or minus 2 sec when Skylab was closest to the event area, and the light condition (daylight or darkness) at that time and place. The messages sent to JSC during the Skylab 4 mission also included information pertaining to ground-truth studies and observations being conducted on the events. Photographic priorities were assigned for each event.

Controlling the sign problem in finite-density quantum field theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Garron, Nicolas; Langfeld, Kurt

2017-07-01

Quantum field theories at finite matter densities generically possess a partition function that is exponentially suppressed with the volume compared to that of the phase quenched analog. The smallness arises from an almost uniform distribution for the phase of the fermion determinant. Large cancellations upon integration is the origin of a poor signal to noise ratio. We study three alternatives for this integration: the Gaussian approximation, the "telegraphic" approximation, and a novel expansion in terms of theory-dependent moments and universal coefficients. We have tested the methods for QCD at finite densities of heavy quarks. We find that for two of the approximations the results are extremely close—if not identical—to the full answer in the strong sign-problem regime.

Environmental Engineering in the Slovak Republic

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stevulova, N.; Balintova, M.; Zelenakova, M.; Estokova, A.; Vilcekova, S.

2017-10-01

The fundamental role of environmental engineering is to protect human population and environment from impacts of human activities and to ensure environmental quality. It relates to achieving the environmental sustainability goals through advanced technologies for pollutants removing from air, water and soil in order to minimize risk in ecosystem and ensuring favourable conditions for life of humans and organisms. Nowadays, a critical analysis of the environment quality and innovative approaches to problem solving in order to achieve sustainability in environmental engineering, are necessary. This article presents an overview of the quality of the environment and progress in environmental engineering in Slovakia and gives information regarding the environmental engineering education at Faculty of Civil Engineering at Technical University in Kosice.

Combining engineered cell-sensors with multi-agent systems to realize smart environment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Mei

2013-03-01

The connection of everything in a sensory and an intelligent way is a pursuit in smart environment. This paper introduces the engineered cell-sensors into the multi-agent systems to realize the smart environment. The seamless interface with the natural environment and strong information-processing ability of cell with the achievements of synthetic biology make the construction of engineered cell-sensors possible. However, the engineered cell-sensors are only simple-functional and unreliable computational entities. Therefore how to combine engineered cell-sensors with digital device is a key problem in order to realize the smart environment. We give the abstract structure and interaction modes of the engineered cell-sensors in order to introduce engineered cell-sensors into multi-agent systems. We believe that the introduction of engineered cell-sensors will push forward the development of the smart environment.

EmptyHeaded: A Relational Engine for Graph Processing

PubMed Central

Aberger, Christopher R.; Tu, Susan; Olukotun, Kunle; Ré, Christopher

2016-01-01

There are two types of high-performance graph processing engines: low- and high-level engines. Low-level engines (Galois, PowerGraph, Snap) provide optimized data structures and computation models but require users to write low-level imperative code, hence ensuring that efficiency is the burden of the user. In high-level engines, users write in query languages like datalog (SociaLite) or SQL (Grail). High-level engines are easier to use but are orders of magnitude slower than the low-level graph engines. We present EmptyHeaded, a high-level engine that supports a rich datalog-like query language and achieves performance comparable to that of low-level engines. At the core of EmptyHeaded’s design is a new class of join algorithms that satisfy strong theoretical guarantees but have thus far not achieved performance comparable to that of specialized graph processing engines. To achieve high performance, EmptyHeaded introduces a new join engine architecture, including a novel query optimizer and data layouts that leverage single-instruction multiple data (SIMD) parallelism. With this architecture, EmptyHeaded outperforms high-level approaches by up to three orders of magnitude on graph pattern queries, PageRank, and Single-Source Shortest Paths (SSSP) and is an order of magnitude faster than many low-level baselines. We validate that EmptyHeaded competes with the best-of-breed low-level engine (Galois), achieving comparable performance on PageRank and at most 3× worse performance on SSSP. PMID:28077912

Best Manufacturing Practices Survey Conducted at Litton Data Systems Division, Van Nuys, California

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-10-01

Hardware and Software ................................ 10 DESIGN RELEASE Engineering Change Order Processing and Analysis...structured using bridges to isolate local traffic. Long term plans call for a wide-band network. ENGINEERING CHANGE ORDER PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS

75 FR 5925 - Proposed Flood Elevation Determinations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-05

... comments, identified by Docket No. FEMA-B-1091, to Kevin C. Long, Acting Chief, Engineering Management..., Acting Chief, Engineering Management Branch, Mitigation Directorate, Federal Emergency Management Agency... federalism implications under Executive Order 13132. Executive Order 12988, Civil Justice Reform. This...

A top-down approach in control engineering third-level teaching: The case of hydrogen-generation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Setiawan, Eko; Habibi, M. Afnan; Fall, Cheikh; Hodaka, Ichijo

2017-09-01

This paper presents a top-down approach in control engineering third-level teaching. The paper shows the control engineering solution for the issue of practical implementation in order to motivate students. The proposed strategy only focuses on one technique of control engineering to lead student correctly. The proposed teaching steps are 1) defining the problem, 2) listing of acquired knowledge or required skill, 3) selecting of one control engineering technique, 4) arrangement the order of teaching: problem introduction, implementation of control engineering technique, explanation of system block diagram, model derivation, controller design, and 5) enrichment knowledge by the other control techniques. The approach presented highlights hardware implementation and the use of software simulation as a self-learning tool for students.

76 FR 26976 - Proposed Flood Elevation Determinations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-10

..., identified by Docket No. FEMA-B-1193, to Luis Rodriguez, Chief, Engineering Management Branch, Federal... Rodriguez, Chief, Engineering Management Branch, Federal Insurance and Mitigation Administration, Federal... Order 12988, Civil Justice Reform. This proposed rule meets the applicable standards of Executive Order...

75 FR 5909 - Proposed Flood Elevation Determinations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-05

..., identified by Docket No. FEMA-B-1085, to Kevin C. Long, Acting Chief, Engineering Management Branch... Chief, Engineering Management Branch, Mitigation Directorate, Federal Emergency Management Agency, 500 C... federalism implications under Executive Order 13132. Executive Order 12988, Civil Justice Reform. This...

75 FR 31373 - Proposed Flood Elevation Determinations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-03

..., identified by Docket No. FEMA-B-1105, to Kevin C. Long, Acting Chief, Engineering Management Branch... Chief, Engineering Management Branch, Mitigation Directorate, Federal Emergency Management Agency, 500 C... federalism implications under Executive Order 13132. Executive Order 12988, Civil Justice Reform. This...

75 FR 34415 - Proposed Flood Elevation Determinations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-17

..., identified by Docket No. FEMA-B-1114, to Kevin C. Long, Acting Chief, Engineering Management Branch... Chief, Engineering Management Branch, Mitigation Directorate, Federal Emergency Management Agency, 500 C... federalism implications under Executive Order 13132. Executive Order 12988, Civil Justice Reform. This...

Engineering Change Orders and their Impact on DoD Acquisition Contracts

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-03-23

Air Force Institute of Technology AFIT Scholar Theses and Dissertations 3-23-2017 Engineering Change Orders and their Impact on DoD Acquisition...MS-17-M-180 DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE AIR UNIVERSITY AIR FORCE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio DISTRIBUTION...School of Engineering and Management Air Force Institute of Technology Air University Air Education and Training Command In Partial Fulfillment of

Evaluation of creative problem-solving abilities in undergraduate structural engineers through interdisciplinary problem-based learning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McCrum, Daniel Patrick

2017-11-01

For a structural engineer, effective communication and interaction with architects cannot be underestimated as a key skill to success throughout their professional career. Structural engineers and architects have to share a common language and understanding of each other in order to achieve the most desirable architectural and structural designs. This interaction and engagement develops during their professional career but needs to be nurtured during their undergraduate studies. The objective of this paper is to present the strategies employed to engage higher order thinking in structural engineering students in order to help them solve complex problem-based learning (PBL) design scenarios presented by architecture students. The strategies employed were applied in the experimental setting of an undergraduate module in structural engineering at Queen's University Belfast in the UK. The strategies employed were active learning to engage with content knowledge, the use of physical conceptual structural models to reinforce key concepts and finally, reinforcing the need for hand sketching of ideas to promote higher order problem-solving. The strategies employed were evaluated through student survey, student feedback and module facilitator (this author) reflection. The strategies were qualitatively perceived by the tutor and quantitatively evaluated by students in a cross-sectional study to help interaction with the architecture students, aid interdisciplinary learning and help students creatively solve problems (through higher order thinking). The students clearly enjoyed this module and in particular interacting with structural engineering tutors and students from another discipline.

Radiation Tests of Single Photon Avalanche Diode for Space Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Moscatelli, Francesco; Marisaldi, Martino; MacCagnani, Piera; Labanti, Claudio; Fuschino, Fabio; Prest, Michela; Berra, Alessandro; Bolognini, Davide; Ghioni, Massimo; Rech, Ivan;

Hydrodynamic dispersion within porous biofilms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davit, Y.; Byrne, H.; Osborne, J.; Pitt-Francis, J.; Gavaghan, D.; Quintard, M.

2013-01-01

Many microorganisms live within surface-associated consortia, termed biofilms, that can form intricate porous structures interspersed with a network of fluid channels. In such systems, transport phenomena, including flow and advection, regulate various aspects of cell behavior by controlling nutrient supply, evacuation of waste products, and permeation of antimicrobial agents. This study presents multiscale analysis of solute transport in these porous biofilms. We start our analysis with a channel-scale description of mass transport and use the method of volume averaging to derive a set of homogenized equations at the biofilm-scale in the case where the width of the channels is significantly smaller than the thickness of the biofilm. We show that solute transport may be described via two coupled partial differential equations or telegrapher's equations for the averaged concentrations. These models are particularly relevant for chemicals, such as some antimicrobial agents, that penetrate cell clusters very slowly. In most cases, especially for nutrients, solute penetration is faster, and transport can be described via an advection-dispersion equation. In this simpler case, the effective diffusion is characterized by a second-order tensor whose components depend on (1) the topology of the channels' network; (2) the solute's diffusion coefficients in the fluid and the cell clusters; (3) hydrodynamic dispersion effects; and (4) an additional dispersion term intrinsic to the two-phase configuration. Although solute transport in biofilms is commonly thought to be diffusion dominated, this analysis shows that hydrodynamic dispersion effects may significantly contribute to transport.

The multi-queue model applied to random access protocol

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fan, Xinlong

2013-03-01

The connection of everything in a sensory and an intelligent way is a pursuit in smart environment. This paper introduces the engineered cell-sensors into the multi-agent systems to realize the smart environment. The seamless interface with the natural environment and strong information-processing ability of cell with the achievements of synthetic biology make the construction of engineered cell-sensors possible. However, the engineered cell-sensors are only simple-functional and unreliable computational entities. Therefore how to combine engineered cell-sensors with digital device is a key problem in order to realize the smart environment. We give the abstract structure and interaction modes of the engineered cell-sensors in order to introduce engineered cell-sensors into multi-agent systems. We believe that the introduction of engineered cell-sensors will push forward the development of the smart environment.

Pathway-engineering for highly-aligned block copolymer arrays

DOE PAGES

Choo, Youngwoo; Majewski, Paweł W.; Fukuto, Masafumi; ...

2017-12-06

While kinetic aspects of self-assembly can hinder ordering, non-equilibirum effects can also be exploited to enforce a particular kind of order. We develop a pathway-engineering approach, using it to select a particular arrangement of a block copolymer cylinder phase.

Pathway-engineering for highly-aligned block copolymer arrays

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Choo, Youngwoo; Majewski, Paweł W.; Fukuto, Masafumi

While kinetic aspects of self-assembly can hinder ordering, non-equilibirum effects can also be exploited to enforce a particular kind of order. We develop a pathway-engineering approach, using it to select a particular arrangement of a block copolymer cylinder phase.

Global tissue engineering trends. A scientometric and evolutive study.

PubMed

Santisteban-Espejo, Antonio; Campos, Fernando; Martin-Piedra, Laura; Durand-Herrera, Daniel; Moral-Munoz, Jose A; Campos, Antonio; Martin-Piedra, Miguel Angel

2018-04-24

Tissue engineering is defined as a multidisciplinary scientific discipline with the main objective to develop artificial bioengineered living tissues in order to regenerate damaged or lost tissues. Since its appearance in 1988, tissue engineering has globally spreaded in order to improve current therapeutical approaches, entailing a revolution in clinical practice. The aim of this study is to analyze global research trends on tissue engineering publications in order to realize the scenario of tissue engineering research from 1991 to 2016 by using document retrieval from Web of Science database and bibliometric analysis. Document type, language, source title, authorship, countries and filiation centers and citation count were evaluated in 31,859 documents. Obtained results suggest a great multidisciplinary role of tissue engineering due to a wide spectrum -up to 51- of scientific research areas identified in the corpus of literature, being predominant technological disciplines as Material Sciences or Engineering, followed by biological and biomedical areas, as Cell Biology, Biotechnology or Biochemistry. Distribution of authorship, journals and countries revealed a clear imbalance in which a minority is responsible of a majority of documents. Such imbalance is notorious in authorship, where a 0.3% of authors are involved in the half of the whole production.

A Framework for Performing V&V within Reuse-Based Software Engineering

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Addy, Edward A.

1996-01-01

Verification and validation (V&V) is performed during application development for many systems, especially safety-critical and mission-critical systems. The V&V process is intended to discover errors, especially errors related to critical processing, as early as possible during the development process. Early discovery is important in order to minimize the cost and other impacts of correcting these errors. In order to provide early detection of errors, V&V is conducted in parallel with system development, often beginning with the concept phase. In reuse-based software engineering, however, decisions on the requirements, design and even implementation of domain assets can be made prior to beginning development of a specific system. In this case, V&V must be performed during domain engineering in order to have an impact on system development. This paper describes a framework for performing V&V within architecture-centric, reuse-based software engineering. This framework includes the activities of traditional application-level V&V, and extends these activities into domain engineering and into the transition between domain engineering and application engineering. The framework includes descriptions of the types of activities to be performed during each of the life-cycle phases, and provides motivation for the activities.

What Do Engineers Want? Examining Engineering Education through Bloom's Taxonomy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goel, Sanjay; Sharda, Nalin

2004-01-01

Using Bloom's taxonomy as the basis for an empirical investigation, this paper examines what engineering students and professionals want from engineering education. Fifty engineering students, from Computer Science and Information Technology courses, were asked to rank activity verbs in order of their impression about frequency of their occurrence…

Interdisciplinary Research Topics in Urban Engineering. (A Summary of the Report by the Urban Engineering Study Committee)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eng Educ, 1969

1969-01-01

Proposes preparation of urban engineers through interdisciplinary systems engineering research in order that technology may be applied to urban problems such as transportation, environment, and housing. Summary of report by the Urban Engineering Study Committee. Complete report available at

Systems Engineering Processes at NASA/SR-71 Pratt and Whitney J58 Engine

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Donastorg, Cristina

2010-01-01

This summer I was given several opportunities at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center (DFRC). The first opportunity was given to me by a Senior Propulsion Engineer, Kurtt Kloesel, to work in a specialized engineering discipline. My task was to research the Pratt & Whitney J58 engine that was used on the SR-71 Blackbird. I entered the data I collected into engine modeling software programs in order to receive certain outputs, such as net thrust. I also had to take a "crash course" in propulsion in order to better understand the research I was performing. To facilitate my understanding of propulsion principals and formulas, I worked many problems out of thermodynamics and propulsion textbooks and entered the given values of various situations into the modeling software.

Recovery Characteristics of Anomalous Stress-Induced Leakage Current of 5.6 nm Oxide Films

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Inatsuka, Takuya; Kumagai, Yuki; Kuroda, Rihito; Teramoto, Akinobu; Sugawa, Shigetoshi; Ohmi, Tadahiro

2012-04-01

Anomalous stress-induced leakage current (SILC), which has a much larger current density than average SILC, causes severe bit error in flash memories. To suppress anomalous SILC, detailed evaluations are strongly required. We evaluate the characteristics of anomalous SILC of 5.6 nm oxide films using a fabricated array test pattern, and recovery characteristics are observed. Some characteristics of typical anomalous cells in the time domain are measured, and the recovery characteristics of average and anomalous SILCs are examined. Some of the anomalous cells have random telegraph signals (RTSs) of gate leakage current, which are characterized as discrete and random switching phenomena. The dependence of RTSs on the applied electric field is investigated, and the recovery tendency of anomalous SILC with and without RTSs are also discussed.

The enigmatic fast leaflet rotation in Desmodium motorium

PubMed Central

Lev-Yadun, Simcha

2013-01-01

I propose that the enigmatic leaflet movements in elliptical circles every few minutes of the Indian telegraph (semaphore) plant Desmodium motorium ( = D. gyrans = Hedysarum gyrans = Codariocalyx motorius), which has intrigued scientists for centuries, is a new type of butterfly or general winged arthropod mimicry by this plant. Such leaflet movement may deceive a passing butterfly searching for an un-occupied site suitable to deposit its eggs, that the plant is already occupied. It may also attract insectivorous birds, reptiles or arthropods to the plant because it looks as if it is harboring a potential prey and while they patrol there, they can find insects or other invertebrates that indeed attack the plant. The possibility that diurnal mammalian herbivores may also be deterred by these movements should not be dismissed. PMID:23603964

Open System Interconnection - NASA program communications of the future. [developed by International aorganization for Standardization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brady, Charles D.

1987-01-01

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) standards are being developed by the ISO and the Consultative Committee on International Telephone and Telegraph with the support of industry. These standards are being developed to allow the interconnecting of computer systems and the interworking of applications such that the applications can be independent of any equipment manufacturer. Significant progress has been made, and the establishment of government OSI standards is being considered. There is considerable interest within NASA in the potential benefits of OSI and in communications standards in general. The OSI standards are being considered for possible application in the Space Station onboard data management system. The OSI standards have reached a high level of maturity, and it is now imperative that NASA plan for future migration to OSI where appropriate.

A modified error correction protocol for CCITT signalling system no. 7 on satellite links

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kreuer, Dieter; Quernheim, Ulrich

1991-10-01

Comite Consultatif International des Telegraphe et Telephone (CCITT) Signalling System No. 7 (SS7) provides a level 2 error correction protocol particularly suited for links with propagation delays higher than 15 ms. Not being originally designed for satellite links, however, the so called Preventive Cyclic Retransmission (PCR) Method only performs well on satellite channels when traffic is low. A modified level 2 error control protocol, termed Fix Delay Retransmission (FDR) method is suggested which performs better at high loads, thus providing a more efficient use of the limited carrier capacity. Both the PCR and the FDR methods are investigated by means of simulation and results concerning throughput, queueing delay, and system delay, respectively. The FDR method exhibits higher capacity and shorter delay than the PCR method.

The enigmatic fast leaflet rotation in Desmodium motorium: butterfly mimicry for defense?

PubMed

Lev-Yadun, Simcha

2013-06-01

I propose that the enigmatic leaflet movements in elliptical circles every few minutes of the Indian telegraph (semaphore) plant Desmodium motorium ( = D. gyrans = Hedysarum gyrans = Codariocalyx motorius), which has intrigued scientists for centuries, is a new type of butterfly or general winged arthropod mimicry by this plant. Such leaflet movement may deceive a passing butterfly searching for an un-occupied site suitable to deposit its eggs, that the plant is already occupied. It may also attract insectivorous birds, reptiles or arthropods to the plant because it looks as if it is harboring a potential prey and while they patrol there, they can find insects or other invertebrates that indeed attack the plant. The possibility that diurnal mammalian herbivores may also be deterred by these movements should not be dismissed.

The Electric Storm of November 1882

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Love, Jeffrey J.

2018-01-01

In November 1882, an intense magnetic storm related to a large sunspot group caused widespread interference to telegraph and telephone systems and provided spectacular and unusual auroral displays. The (ring current) storm time disturbance index for this storm reached maximum -Dst ≈ 386 nT, comparable to Halloween storm of 29-31 October 2003, but from 17 to 20 November the aa midlatitude geomagnetic disturbance index averaged 214.25 nT, the highest 4 day level of disturbance since the beginning of aa index in 1868. This storm contributed to scientists' understanding of the reality of solar-terrestrial interaction. Past occurrences of magnetic storms, like that of November 1882, can inform modern evaluations of the deleterious effects that a magnetic superstorm might have on technological systems of importance to society.

Design and Assessment of an "Engineering" Course for Non-Majors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sorby, Sheryl A.; Oppliger, Douglas E.; Boersma, Norma

2006-01-01

As a profession, engineering is not well understood by the general public. Engineers are perceived as "geeks" who love math and who have few interests outside of technical work. In short, the engineering profession has an image problem. In order to counteract this negative stereotyping, an engineering course for non-majors was developed…

77 FR 4678 - Nonconformance Penalties for On-Highway Heavy Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-31

.... Executive Order 13211 (Energy Effects) I. National Technology Transfer Advancement Act J. Executive Order... Amendments of 1977 as a response to a concern with requiring technology-forcing emissions standards for heavy-duty engines. The concern was if strict technology-forcing standards were promulgated, then some...

An Educational Program of Mechatronics for Multidisciplinary Knowledge Acquisition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Watanuki, Keiichi; Kojima, Kazuyuki

Recently, as the technologies surrounding mechanical engineering have improved remarkably, the expectations for students who graduate from departments of mechanical engineering have increased. For example, in order to develop a mechatronics system, a student needs to integrate a wide variety of technologies, such as mechanical engineering, electrical and electronics engineering, and information technology. Therefore, from the perspective of educators, the current education system, which stresses expertizing each technology, should be replaced by an education system that stresses integrating multidisciplinary knowledge. In this paper, a trial education program for students of the department of mechanical engineering in our university, in which students are required to integrate multidisciplinary knowledge in order to develop a biologically-based robot, is described. Finally, the efficacy of the program is analyzed.

Curriculum Assessment as a Direct Tool in ABET Outcomes Assessment in a Chemical Engineering Programme

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abu-Jdayil, Basim; Al-Attar, Hazim

2010-01-01

The chemical engineering programme at the United Arab Emirates University is designed to fulfil the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) (A-K) EC2000 criteria. The Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering has established a well-defined process for outcomes assessment for the chemical engineering programme in order to…

Analysis of Engineering Content within Technology Education Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fantz, Todd D.; Katsioloudis, Petros J.

2011-01-01

In order to effectively teach engineering, technology teachers need to be taught engineering content, concepts, and related pedagogy. Some researchers posit that technology education programs may not have enough content to prepare technology teachers to teach engineering design. Certain technology teacher education programs have responded by…

The Application of V&V within Reuse-Based Software Engineering

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Addy, Edward

1996-01-01

Verification and Validation (V&V) is performed during application development for many systems, especially safety-critical and mission-critical systems. The V&V process is intended to discover errors as early as possible during the development process. Early discovery is important in order to minimize the cost and other impacts of correcting these errors. In reuse-based software engineering, decisions on the requirements, design and even implementation of domain assets can can be made prior to beginning development of a specific system. in order to bring the effectiveness of V&V to bear within reuse-based software engineering. V&V must be incorporated within the domain engineering process.

Analysis of axial-induction-based wind plant control using an engineering and a high-order wind plant model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Annoni, Jennifer; Gebraad, Pieter M. O.; Scholbrock, Andrew K.

2015-08-14

Wind turbines are typically operated to maximize their performance without considering the impact of wake effects on nearby turbines. Wind plant control concepts aim to increase overall wind plant performance by coordinating the operation of the turbines. This paper focuses on axial-induction-based wind plant control techniques, in which the generator torque or blade pitch degrees of freedom of the wind turbines are adjusted. The paper addresses discrepancies between a high-order wind plant model and an engineering wind plant model. Changes in the engineering model are proposed to better capture the effects of axial-induction-based control shown in the high-order model.

Automated analysis of long-term bridge behavior and health using a cyber-enabled wireless monitoring system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

O'Connor, Sean M.; Zhang, Yilan; Lynch, Jerome; Ettouney, Mohammed; van der Linden, Gwen

2014-04-01

A worthy goal for the structural health monitoring field is the creation of a scalable monitoring system architecture that abstracts many of the system details (e.g., sensors, data) from the structure owner with the aim of providing "actionable" information that aids in their decision making process. While a broad array of sensor technologies have emerged, the ability for sensing systems to generate large amounts of data have far outpaced advances in data management and processing. To reverse this trend, this study explores the creation of a cyber-enabled wireless SHM system for highway bridges. The system is designed from the top down by considering the damage mechanisms of concern to bridge owners and then tailoring the sensing and decision support system around those concerns. The enabling element of the proposed system is a powerful data repository system termed SenStore. SenStore is designed to combine sensor data with bridge meta-data (e.g., geometric configuration, material properties, maintenance history, sensor locations, sensor types, inspection history). A wireless sensor network deployed to a bridge autonomously streams its measurement data to SenStore via a 3G cellular connection for storage. SenStore securely exposes the bridge meta- and sensor data to software clients that can process the data to extract information relevant to the decision making process of the bridge owner. To validate the proposed cyber-enable SHM system, the system is implemented on the Telegraph Road Bridge (Monroe, MI). The Telegraph Road Bridge is a traditional steel girder-concrete deck composite bridge located along a heavily travelled corridor in the Detroit metropolitan area. A permanent wireless sensor network has been installed to measure bridge accelerations, strains and temperatures. System identification and damage detection algorithms are created to automatically mine bridge response data stored in SenStore over an 18-month period. Tools like Gaussian Process (GP) regression are used to predict changes in the bridge behavior as a function of environmental parameters. Based on these analyses, pertinent behavioral information relevant to bridge management is autonomously extracted.

Humanitarian engineering in the engineering curriculum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vandersteen, Jonathan Daniel James

There are many opportunities to use engineering skills to improve the conditions for marginalized communities, but our current engineering education praxis does not instruct on how engineering can be a force for human development. In a time of great inequality and exploitation, the desire to work with the impoverished is prevalent, and it has been proposed to adjust the engineering curriculum to include a larger focus on human needs. This proposed curriculum philosophy is called humanitarian engineering. Professional engineers have played an important role in the modern history of power, wealth, economic development, war, and industrialization; they have also contributed to infrastructure, sanitation, and energy sources necessary to meet human need. Engineers are currently at an important point in time when they must look back on their history in order to be more clear about how to move forward. The changing role of the engineer in history puts into context the call for a more balanced, community-centred engineering curriculum. Qualitative, phenomenographic research was conducted in order to understand the need, opportunity, benefits, and limitations of a proposed humanitarian engineering curriculum. The potential role of the engineer in marginalized communities and details regarding what a humanitarian engineering program could look like were also investigated. Thirty-two semi-structured research interviews were conducted in Canada and Ghana in order to collect a pool of understanding before a phenomenographic analysis resulted in five distinct outcome spaces. The data suggests that an effective curriculum design will include teaching technical skills in conjunction with instructing about issues of social justice, social location, cultural awareness, root causes of marginalization, a broader understanding of technology, and unlearning many elements about the role of the engineer and the dominant economic/political ideology. Cross-cultural engineering development placements are a valuable pedagogical experience but risk benefiting the student disproportionately more than the receiving community. Local development placements offer different rewards and liabilities. To conclude, a major adjustment in engineering curriculum to address human development is appropriate and this new curriculum should include both local and international placements. However, the great force of altruism must be directed towards creating meaningful and lasting change.

Fostering Passion among First Year Engineering Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mazumder, Quamrul H.

2010-01-01

Engineering is a complex field of study. Declining enrollment in engineering programs in the United States is of concern and understanding the various factors that contribute to this decline is in order. Fostering a higher level of student engagement with the content may foster passion towards engineering which could increase academic competency…

A Contemporary Preservice Technology Education Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flanigan, Rod; Becker, Kurt; Stewardson, Gary

2012-01-01

In order to teach engineering education, today's engineering and technology education teachers must be equipped with lesson plans to teach engineering design, among other principles, to the 6th-12th grade levels. At Utah State University (USU), curriculum has been developed for preservice engineering and technology education teachers that…

Prediction of the Thrust Performance and the Flowfield of Liquid Rocket Engines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wang, T.-S.

1990-01-01

In an effort to improve the current solutions in the design and analysis of liquid propulsive engines, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model capable of calculating the reacting flows from the combustion chamber, through the nozzle to the external plume, was developed. The Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) fired at sea level, was investigated as a sample case. The CFD model, FDNS, is a pressure based, non-staggered grid, viscous/inviscid, ideal gas/real gas, reactive code. An adaptive upwinding differencing scheme is employed for the spatial discretization. The upwind scheme is based on fourth order central differencing with fourth order damping for smooth regions, and second order central differencing with second order damping for shock capturing. It is equipped with a CHMQGM equilibrium chemistry algorithm and a PARASOL finite rate chemistry algorithm using the point implicit method. The computed flow results and performance compared well with those of other standard codes and engine hot fire test data. In addition, the transient nozzle flowfield calculation was also performed to demonstrate the ability of FDNS in capturing the flow separation during the startup process.

A stirling engine computer model for performance calculations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tew, R.; Jefferies, K.; Miao, D.

1978-01-01

To support the development of the Stirling engine as a possible alternative to the automobile spark-ignition engine, the thermodynamic characteristics of the Stirling engine were analyzed and modeled on a computer. The modeling techniques used are presented. The performance of an existing rhombic-drive Stirling engine was simulated by use of this computer program, and some typical results are presented. Engine tests are planned in order to evaluate this model.

Tracing And Control Of Engineering Requirements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Turner, Philip R.; Stoller, Richard L.; Neville, Ted; Boyle, Karen A.

1991-01-01

TRACER (Tracing and Control of Engineering Requirements) is data-base/word-processing software system created to document and maintain order of both requirements and descriptions associated with engineering project. Implemented on IBM PC under PC-DOS. Written with CLIPPER.

Fluid dynamic modeling of junctions in internal combustion engine inlet and exhaust systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chalet, David; Chesse, Pascal

2010-10-01

The modeling of inlet and exhaust systems of internal combustion engine is very important in order to evaluate the engine performance. This paper presents new pressure losses models which can be included in a one dimensional engine simulation code. In a first part, a CFD analysis is made in order to show the importance of the density in the modeling approach. Then, the CFD code is used, as a numerical test bench, for the pressure losses models development. These coefficients depend on the geometrical characteristics of the junction and an experimental validation is made with the use of a shock tube test bench. All the models are then included in the engine simulation code of the laboratory. The numerical calculation of unsteady compressible flow, in each pipe of the inlet and exhaust systems, is made and the calculated engine torque is compared with experimental measurements.

Engineering Philosophy: Theories of Technology, German Idealism, and Social Order in High-Industrial Germany.

PubMed

Voskuhl, Adelheid

During the so-called "Second Industrial Revolution," engineers were constituting themselves as a new social and professional group, and found themselves in often fierce competition with existing elites-the military, the nobility, and educated bourgeois mandarins-whose roots went back to medieval and early modern pre-industrial social orders. During that same time, engineers also discovered the discipline of philosophy: as a means to express their intellectual and social agendas, and to theorize technology and its relationship to art, history, culture, philosophy, and the state. This article analyzes engineers' own philosophical writings about technology as well as the institutions in which they composed them in 1910s and 1920s Germany. It emphasizes engineers' contributions to well-known discourses founded by canonical philosophers, the role of preindustrial economies and their imagination in such philosophies, and the role of both the history and the philosophy of technology in engineers' desire for upward social mobility.

Enabling Engineering Student Success: The Final Report for the Center for the Advancement of Engineering Education. CAEE-TR-10-02

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Atman, Cynthia J.; Sheppard, Sheri D.; Turns, Jennifer; Adams, Robin S.; Fleming, Lorraine N.; Stevens, Reed; Streveler, Ruth A.; Smith, Karl A.; Miller, Ronald L.; Leifer, Larry J.; Yasuhara, Ken; Lund, Dennis

2010-01-01

Today's engineering graduates will solve tomorrow's problems in a world that is advancing faster and facing more critical challenges than ever before. This situation creates significant demand for engineering education to evolve in order to effectively prepare a diverse community of engineers for these challenges. Such concerns have led to the…

Diesel Engine With Air Boosted Turbocharger

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-05-26

of the exhaust turbocharger over the entire RPM range of the internal combustion engine . To this end, the...Kriegler, discloses that in order to utilize recycling of exhaust gases at high engine loads in an internal- combustion engine with an exhaust gas...October 29, 2002) to Cook, discloses an apparatus for and method of exhaust gas recirculation in an internal combustion engine that operates

Method for reduction of the NOX emissions in marine auxiliary diesel engine using the fuel mixtures containing biodiesel using HCCI combustion.

PubMed

Puškár, Michal; Kopas, Melichar; Puškár, Dušan; Lumnitzer, Ján; Faltinová, Eva

2018-02-01

The marine auxiliary diesel engines installed in the large transoceanic ships are used in order to generate the electricity but at the same time these engines are able to produce a significant amount of the harmful exhaust gas emissions. Therefore the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) concluded an agreement, which has to control generating of gaseous emissions in maritime transport. From this reason started to be used some of the alternative fuels in this branch. There was performed a study, which investigated emissions of the auxiliary marine diesel engine during application of the experimental fuels. The different testing fuels were created using the ratios 0%, 50%, 80% and 100% between the biodiesel and the ULSDF (Ultra Low Sulphur Diesel Fuel). The experimental measurements were performed at the different engine loading levels and various engine speeds in order to investigate an influence of the mixed fuels on the engine operational characteristics. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

40 CFR 89.606 - Inspection and testing of imported nonroad engines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... engines. (a) In order to allow the Administrator to determine whether an ICI's production nonroad engines... imported by the ICI. The ICI must admit an EPA enforcement officer or authorized representative during... facility where any nonroad engine imported by the ICI under this subpart was or is being modified, tested...

40 CFR 89.606 - Inspection and testing of imported nonroad engines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... engines. (a) In order to allow the Administrator to determine whether an ICI's production nonroad engines... imported by the ICI. The ICI must admit an EPA enforcement officer or authorized representative during... facility where any nonroad engine imported by the ICI under this subpart was or is being modified, tested...

40 CFR 89.606 - Inspection and testing of imported nonroad engines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... engines. (a) In order to allow the Administrator to determine whether an ICI's production nonroad engines... imported by the ICI. The ICI must admit an EPA enforcement officer or authorized representative during... facility where any nonroad engine imported by the ICI under this subpart was or is being modified, tested...

40 CFR 89.606 - Inspection and testing of imported nonroad engines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... engines. (a) In order to allow the Administrator to determine whether an ICI's production nonroad engines... imported by the ICI. The ICI must admit an EPA enforcement officer or authorized representative during... facility where any nonroad engine imported by the ICI under this subpart was or is being modified, tested...

40 CFR 89.606 - Inspection and testing of imported nonroad engines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... engines. (a) In order to allow the Administrator to determine whether an ICI's production nonroad engines... imported by the ICI. The ICI must admit an EPA enforcement officer or authorized representative during... facility where any nonroad engine imported by the ICI under this subpart was or is being modified, tested...

Engineering Education for Leadership in the 21st Century.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wirasinghe, Chan

The engineering profession and, consequently, the education process for engineers must respond to several new realities in order to be successful in the 21st century. Some aspects of the new reality that are relevant to engineering education are as follows: the globalization of commerce; the information revolution; innovations in technology; the…

40 CFR 60.4230 - Am I subject to this subpart?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... spark ignition (SI) internal combustion engines (ICE) as specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of... engine is ordered by the owner or operator. (1) Manufacturers of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine... 1, 2008. (2) Manufacturers of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25...

40 CFR 60.4230 - Am I subject to this subpart?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... spark ignition (SI) internal combustion engines (ICE) as specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (6) of... engine is ordered by the owner or operator. (1) Manufacturers of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine... 1, 2008. (2) Manufacturers of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25...

40 CFR 60.4230 - Am I subject to this subpart?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... spark ignition (SI) internal combustion engines (ICE) as specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (6) of... engine is ordered by the owner or operator. (1) Manufacturers of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine... 1, 2008. (2) Manufacturers of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25...

40 CFR 60.4230 - Am I subject to this subpart?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... spark ignition (SI) internal combustion engines (ICE) as specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of... engine is ordered by the owner or operator. (1) Manufacturers of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine... 1, 2008. (2) Manufacturers of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25...

40 CFR 60.4230 - Am I subject to this subpart?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... spark ignition (SI) internal combustion engines (ICE) as specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (6) of... engine is ordered by the owner or operator. (1) Manufacturers of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine... 1, 2008. (2) Manufacturers of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25...

Mixed Phase Modeling in GlennICE with Application to Engine Icing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wright, William B.; Jorgenson, Philip C. E.; Veres, Joseph P.

2011-01-01

A capability for modeling ice crystals and mixed phase icing has been added to GlennICE. Modifications have been made to the particle trajectory algorithm and energy balance to model this behavior. This capability has been added as part of a larger effort to model ice crystal ingestion in aircraft engines. Comparisons have been made to four mixed phase ice accretions performed in the Cox icing tunnel in order to calibrate an ice erosion model. A sample ice ingestion case was performed using the Energy Efficient Engine (E3) model in order to illustrate current capabilities. Engine performance characteristics were supplied using the Numerical Propulsion System Simulation (NPSS) model for this test case.

Ethical Risk Management Education in Engineering: A Systematic Review.

PubMed

Guntzburger, Yoann; Pauchant, Thierry C; Tanguy, Philippe A

2017-04-01

Risk management is certainly one of the most important professional responsibilities of an engineer. As such, this activity needs to be combined with complex ethical reflections, and this requirement should therefore be explicitly integrated in engineering education. In this article, we analyse how this nexus between ethics and risk management is expressed in the engineering education research literature. It was done by reviewing 135 articles published between 1980 and March 1, 2016. These articles have been selected from 21 major journals that specialize in engineering education, engineering ethics and ethics education. Our review suggests that risk management is mostly used as an anecdote or an example when addressing ethics issues in engineering education. Further, it is perceived as an ethical duty or requirement, achieved through rational and technical methods. However, a small number of publications do offer some critical analyses of ethics education in engineering and their implications for ethical risk and safety management. Therefore, we argue in this article that the link between risk management and ethics should be further developed in engineering education in order to promote the progressive change toward more socially and environmentally responsible engineering practices. Several research trends and issues are also identified and discussed in order to support the engineering education community in this project.

Software Development for EECU Platform of Turbofan Engine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Bo Gyoung; Kwak, Dohyup; Kim, Byunghyun; Choi, Hee ju; Kong, Changduk

2017-04-01

The turbofan engine operation consists of a number of hardware and software. The engine is controlled by Electronic Engine Control Unit (EECU). In order to control the engine, EECU communicates with an aircraft system, Actuator Drive Unit (ADU), Engine Power Unit (EPU) and sensors on the engine. This paper tried to investigate the process form starting to taking-off and aims to design the EECU software mode and defined communication data format. The software is implemented according to the designed software mode.

78 FR 33866 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE MKT LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-05

... Amending NYSE MKT Rule 980NY, To Remove Provisions Governing How the Complex Matching Engine Handles Electronic Complex Orders That Contain a Stock Leg May 30, 2013. Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1)\\1\\ of the... governing how the Complex Matching Engine (``CME'') handles Electronic Complex Orders that contain a stock...

Analysis of the cable equation with non-local and non-singular kernel fractional derivative

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karaagac, Berat

2018-02-01

Recently a new concept of differentiation was introduced in the literature where the kernel was converted from non-local singular to non-local and non-singular. One of the great advantages of this new kernel is its ability to portray fading memory and also well defined memory of the system under investigation. In this paper the cable equation which is used to develop mathematical models of signal decay in submarine or underwater telegraphic cables will be analysed using the Atangana-Baleanu fractional derivative due to the ability of the new fractional derivative to describe non-local fading memory. The existence and uniqueness of the more generalized model is presented in detail via the fixed point theorem. A new numerical scheme is used to solve the new equation. In addition, stability, convergence and numerical simulations are presented.

Burst noise in the HAWAII-1RG multiplexer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bacon, Candice M.; McMurtry, Craig W.; Pipher, Judith L.; Forrest, William J.; Garnett, James D.

2005-08-01

Burst noise (also known as popcorn noise and random telegraph signal/noise) is a phenomenon that is understood to be a result of defects in the vicinity of a p-n junction. It is characterized by rapid level shifts in both positive and negative directions and can have varying magnitudes. This noise has been seen in both HAWAII-1RG and HAWAII-2RG multiplexers and is under investigation. We have done extensive burst noise testing on a HAWAII-1RG multiplexer, where we have determined a significant percentage of pixels exhibit the phenomenon. In addition, the prevalence of small magnitude transitions make sensitivity of detection the main limiting factor. Since this is a noise source for the HAWAII-1RG multiplexer, its elimination would make the HAWAII-1RG and the HAWAII-2RG even lower noise multiplexers.

Composite quantum collision models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lorenzo, Salvatore; Ciccarello, Francesco; Palma, G. Massimo

2017-09-01

A collision model (CM) is a framework to describe open quantum dynamics. In its memoryless version, it models the reservoir R as consisting of a large collection of elementary ancillas: the dynamics of the open system S results from successive collisions of S with the ancillas of R . Here, we present a general formulation of memoryless composite CMs, where S is partitioned into the very open system under study S coupled to one or more auxiliary systems {Si} . Their composite dynamics occurs through internal S -{Si} collisions interspersed with external ones involving {Si} and the reservoir R . We show that important known instances of quantum non-Markovian dynamics of S —such as the emission of an atom into a reservoir featuring a Lorentzian, or multi-Lorentzian, spectral density or a qubit subject to random telegraph noise—can be mapped on to such memoryless composite CMs.

The electric storm of November 1882

USGS Publications Warehouse

Love, Jeffrey J.

2018-01-01

In November 1882, an intense magnetic storm related to a large sunspot group caused widespread interference to telegraph and telephone systems and provided spectacular and unusual auroral displays. The (ring current) storm time disturbance index for this storm reached maximum −Dst ≈ 386 nT, comparable to Halloween storm of 29–31 October 2003, but from 17 to 20 November the aa midlatitude geomagnetic disturbance index averaged 214.25 nT, the highest 4 day level of disturbance since the beginning of aa index in 1868. This storm contributed to scientists' understanding of the reality of solar‐terrestrial interaction. Past occurrences of magnetic storms, like that of November 1882, can inform modern evaluations of the deleterious effects that a magnetic superstorm might have on technological systems of importance to society.

Probing individual tunneling fluctuators with coherently controlled tunneling systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meißner, Saskia M.; Seiler, Arnold; Lisenfeld, Jürgen; Ustinov, Alexey V.; Weiss, Georg

2018-05-01

Josephson junctions made from aluminum and its oxide are the most commonly used functional elements for superconducting circuits and qubits. It is generally known that the disordered thin film AlOx contains atomic tunneling systems. Coherent tunneling systems may couple strongly to a qubit via their electric dipole moment, giving rise to spectral level repulsion. In addition, slowly fluctuating tunneling systems are observable when they are located close to coherent ones and distort their potentials. This interaction causes telegraphic switching of the coherent tunneling systems' energy splitting. Here, we measure such switching induced by individual fluctuators on timescales from hours to minutes using a superconducting qubit as a detector. Moreover, we extend the range of measurable switching times to millisecond scales by employing a highly sensitive single-photon qubit swap spectroscopy and statistical analysis of the measured qubit states.

Analysis of high load dampers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bhat, S. T.; Buono, D. F.; Hibner, D. H.

1981-01-01

High load damping requirements for modern jet engines are discussed. The design of damping systems which could satisfy these requirements is also discusseed. In order to evaluate high load damping requirements, engines in three major classes were studied; large transport engines, small general aviation engines, and military engines. Four damper concepts applicable to these engines were evaluated; multi-ring, cartridge, curved beam, and viscous/friction. The most promising damper concept was selected for each engine and performance was assessed relative to conventional dampers and in light of projected damping requirements for advanced jet engines.

Development of Engineering Design Education in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Kanazawa Technical College

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yamada, Hirofumi; Ten-Nichi, Michio; Mathui, Hirosi; Nakamura, Akizi

This paper introduces a method of the engineering design education for college of technology mechanical engineering students. In order to teach the practical engineering design, the MIL-STD-499A process is adapted and improved upon for a Mechatronics hands-on lesson used as the MOT method. The educational results in five years indicate that knowledge of the engineering management is useful for college students in learning engineering design. Portfolio for lessons and the hypothesis method also have better effects on the understanding of the engineering specialty.

Use Of Value Engineering For Engineering And Design Of Airport Grant Projects

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1993-09-09

This advisory circular (AC) provides guidance for the use of value engineering : (VE) in airport projects funded under the Federal Aviation Administration's : (FAA) Airport Grant Program. Department of Transportation (DOT) Order 1395.1, : Use of Valu...

Design and vibration control of vehicle engine mount activated by MR fluid and piezoelectric actuator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, D. Y.; Park, Y. K.; Choi, S. B.; Lee, H. G.

2009-07-01

An engine is one of the most dominant noise and vibration sources in vehicle systems. Therefore, in order to resolve noise and vibration problems due to engine, various types of engine mounts have been proposed. This work presents a new type of active engine mount system featuring a magneto-rheological (MR) fluid and a piezostack actuator. As a first step, six degrees-of freedom dynamic model of an in-line four-cylinder engine which has three points mounting system is derived by considering the dynamic behaviors of MR mount and piezostack mount. In the configuration of engine mount system, two MR mounts are installed for vibration control of roll mode motion whose energy is very high in low frequency range, while one piezostack mount is installed for vibration control of bounce and pitch mode motion whose energy is relatively high in high frequency range. As a second step, linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controller is synthesized to actively control the imposed vibration. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed active engine mount, vibration control performances are evaluated under various engine operating speeds (wide frequency range).

Nonlinear dynamic simulation of single- and multi-spool core engines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schobeiri, T.; Lippke, C.; Abouelkheir, M.

1993-01-01

In this paper a new computational method for accurate simulation of the nonlinear dynamic behavior of single- and multi-spool core engines, turbofan engines, and power generation gas turbine engines is presented. In order to perform the simulation, a modularly structured computer code has been developed which includes individual mathematical modules representing various engine components. The generic structure of the code enables the dynamic simulation of arbitrary engine configurations ranging from single-spool thrust generation to multi-spool thrust/power generation engines under adverse dynamic operating conditions. For precise simulation of turbine and compressor components, row-by-row calculation procedures were implemented that account for the specific turbine and compressor cascade and blade geometry and characteristics. The dynamic behavior of the subject engine is calculated by solving a number of systems of partial differential equations, which describe the unsteady behavior of the individual components. In order to ensure the capability, accuracy, robustness, and reliability of the code, comprehensive critical performance assessment and validation tests were performed. As representatives, three different transient cases with single- and multi-spool thrust and power generation engines were simulated. The transient cases range from operating with a prescribed fuel schedule, to extreme load changes, to generator and turbine shut down.

Modeling persistence of motion in a crowded environment: The diffusive limit of excluding velocity-jump processes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gavagnin, Enrico; Yates, Christian A.

2018-03-01

Persistence of motion is the tendency of an object to maintain motion in a direction for short time scales without necessarily being biased in any direction in the long term. One of the most appropriate mathematical tools to study this behavior is an agent-based velocity-jump process. In the absence of agent-agent interaction, the mean-field continuum limit of the agent-based model (ABM) gives rise to the well known hyperbolic telegraph equation. When agent-agent interaction is included in the ABM, a strictly advective system of partial differential equations (PDEs) can be derived at the population level. However, no diffusive limit of the ABM has been obtained from such a model. Connecting the microscopic behavior of the ABM to a diffusive macroscopic description is desirable, since it allows the exploration of a wider range of scenarios and establishes a direct connection with commonly used statistical tools of movement analysis. In order to connect the ABM at the population level to a diffusive PDE at the population level, we consider a generalization of the agent-based velocity-jump process on a two-dimensional lattice with three forms of agent interaction. This generalization allows us to take a diffusive limit and obtain a faithful population-level description. We investigate the properties of the model at both the individual and population levels and we elucidate some of the models' key characteristic features. In particular, we show an intrinsic anisotropy inherent to the models and we find evidence of a spontaneous form of aggregation at both the micro- and macroscales.

RTS effect detection in Sentinel-4 data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Candeias, Henrique; Gnata, Xavier; Harlander, Maximilian; Hermsen, Markus; Hohn, Rüdiger; Riedl, Stefan; Skegg, Michael; Williges, Christian; Reulke, Ralf

2017-09-01

The future ESA Earth Observation Sentinel-4/UVN is a high resolution spectrometer intended to fly on board a Meteosat Third Generation Sounder (MTG-S) platform, placed in a geostationary orbit. The main objective of this optical mission is to continuously monitor the air quality over Europe in near-real time. The Sentinel-4/UVN instrument operates in three wavelength bands: Ultraviolet (UV: 305-400 nm), Visible (VIS: 400- 500 nm) and Near-infrared (NIR: 750-775 nm). Two dedicated CCD detector have been developed to be used in the Focal Plane Subsystems (FPS), one for the combined UV and VIS band, the other covering the NIR band. Being a high resolution spectrometer with challenging radiometric accuracy requirements, both on spectral and spatial dimensions, an effect such the Random Telegraph Signal (RTS) can represent a relevant contribution for the complete system accuracy. In this work we analyze the RTS effect on data acquired during the FPS testing campaign with qualification models for the Sentinel-4/UVN detectors. This test campaign has been performed in late 2016. The strategy for the impact assessment of RTS is to measure the effect at room temperature and then to extrapolate the results to the at instrument operational temperature. This way, very-long lasting data acquisitions could be avoided since the RTS frequency is much lower at cryogenic temperatures. A reliable technique for RTS effect detection has been developed in order to characterize the signal levels amplitude and occurrence frequencies (flipping rate). We demonstrate the residual impact of the RTS on the global In-Orbit Sentinel-4/UVN instrument performance and products accuracy.

Calculations of economy of 18-cylinder radial aircraft engine with exhaust-gas turbine geared to the crankshaft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hannum, Richard W; Zimmerman, Richard H

1945-01-01

Calculations based on dynamometer test-stand data obtained on an 18-cylinder radial engine were made to determine the improvement in fuel consumption that can be obtained at various altitudes by gearing an exhaust-gas turbine to the engine crankshaft in order to increase the engine-shaft work.

77 FR 52682 - Tapered Roller Bearings and Parts Thereof, Finished and Unfinished, From the People's Republic of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-30

... OTR Wheel Engineering, Inc.'s Wheel Hub Assemblies and TRBs,'' dated February 7, 2011 (finding Blackstone OTR LLC and OTR Wheel Engineering, Inc.'s wheel hub assemblies are within the scope of the order... Trend Engineering Ltd.'s Wheel Hub Assemblies,'' dated April 18, 2011 (finding New Trend Engineering...

The determination of third order linear models from a seventh order nonlinear jet engine model

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lalonde, Rick J.; Hartley, Tom T.; De Abreu-Garcia, J. Alex

1989-01-01

Results are presented that demonstrate how good reduced-order models can be obtained directly by recursive parameter identification using input/output (I/O) data of high-order nonlinear systems. Three different methods of obtaining a third-order linear model from a seventh-order nonlinear turbojet engine model are compared. The first method is to obtain a linear model from the original model and then reduce the linear model by standard reduction techniques such as residualization and balancing. The second method is to identify directly a third-order linear model by recursive least-squares parameter estimation using I/O data of the original model. The third method is to obtain a reduced-order model from the original model and then linearize the reduced model. Frequency responses are used as the performance measure to evaluate the reduced models. The reduced-order models along with their Bode plots are presented for comparison purposes.

The Scaling of Performance and Losses in Miniature Internal Combustion Engines

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

reliable measurements of engine performance and losses in these small engines. Methodologies are also developed for measuring volumetric, heat transfer...making reliable measurements of engine performance and losses in these small engines. Methodologies are also developed for measuring volumetric, heat ...the most important challenge as it accounts for 60-70% of total energy losses. Combustion losses are followed in order of importance by heat transfer

A real time microcomputer implementation of sensor failure detection for turbofan engines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Delaat, John C.; Merrill, Walter C.

1989-01-01

An algorithm was developed which detects, isolates, and accommodates sensor failures using analytical redundancy. The performance of this algorithm was demonstrated on a full-scale F100 turbofan engine. The algorithm was implemented in real-time on a microprocessor-based controls computer which includes parallel processing and high order language programming. Parallel processing was used to achieve the required computational power for the real-time implementation. High order language programming was used in order to reduce the programming and maintenance costs of the algorithm implementation software. The sensor failure algorithm was combined with an existing multivariable control algorithm to give a complete control implementation with sensor analytical redundancy. The real-time microprocessor implementation of the algorithm which resulted in the successful completion of the algorithm engine demonstration, is described.

40 CFR 86.603-88 - Test orders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE HIGHWAY VEHICLES AND ENGINES (CONTINUED) Selective Enforcement..., adjustments, or repairs. (d) A manufacturer may indicate preferred assembly plants for the various engine... accomplished by submitting a list of engine families and the corresponding assembly plants from which the...

40 CFR 86.603-88 - Test orders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...) CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE HIGHWAY VEHICLES AND ENGINES (CONTINUED) Selective Enforcement..., adjustments, or repairs. (d) A manufacturer may indicate preferred assembly plants for the various engine... accomplished by submitting a list of engine families and the corresponding assembly plants from which the...

40 CFR 86.603-88 - Test orders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE HIGHWAY VEHICLES AND ENGINES (CONTINUED) Selective Enforcement..., adjustments, or repairs. (d) A manufacturer may indicate preferred assembly plants for the various engine... accomplished by submitting a list of engine families and the corresponding assembly plants from which the...

Particle trajectory computation on a 3-dimensional engine inlet. Final Report Ph.D. Thesis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kim, J. J.

1986-01-01

A 3-dimensional particle trajectory computer code was developed to compute the distribution of water droplet impingement efficiency on a 3-dimensional engine inlet. The computed results provide the essential droplet impingement data required for the engine inlet anti-icing system design and analysis. The droplet trajectories are obtained by solving the trajectory equation using the fourth order Runge-Kutta and Adams predictor-corrector schemes. A compressible 3-D full potential flow code is employed to obtain a cylindrical grid definition of the flowfield on and about the engine inlet. The inlet surface is defined mathematically through a system of bi-cubic parametric patches in order to compute the droplet impingement points accurately. Analysis results of the 3-D trajectory code obtained for an axisymmetric droplet impingement problem are in good agreement with NACA experimental data. Experimental data are not yet available for the engine inlet impingement problem analyzed. Applicability of the method to solid particle impingement problems, such as engine sand ingestion, is also demonstrated.

A portable hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) device for automotive diagnostic control systems.

PubMed

Palladino, A; Fiengo, G; Lanzo, D

2012-01-01

In-vehicle driving tests for evaluating the performance and diagnostic functionalities of engine control systems are often time consuming, expensive, and not reproducible. Using a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation approach, new control strategies and diagnostic functions on a controller area network (CAN) line can be easily tested in real time, in order to reduce the effort and the cost of the testing phase. Nowadays, spark ignition engines are controlled by an electronic control unit (ECU) with a large number of embedded sensors and actuators. In order to meet the rising demand of lower emissions and fuel consumption, an increasing number of control functions are added into such a unit. This work aims at presenting a portable electronic environment system, suited for HIL simulations, in order to test the engine control software and the diagnostic functionality on a CAN line, respectively, through non-regression and diagnostic tests. The performances of the proposed electronic device, called a micro hardware-in-the-loop system, are presented through the testing of the engine management system software of a 1.6 l Fiat gasoline engine with variable valve actuation for the ECU development version. Copyright © 2011 ISA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Teaching Sustainable Energy and Power Electronics to Engineering Students in a Laboratory Environment Using Industry-Standard Tools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ochs, David S.; Miller, Ruth Douglas

2015-01-01

Power electronics and renewable energy are two important topics for today's power engineering students. In many cases, the two topics are inextricably intertwined. As the renewable energy sector grows, the need for engineers qualified to design such systems grows as well. In order to train such engineers, new courses are needed that highlight the…

Offshore Outsourcing and the Dawn of the Post-Colonial Era of Western Engineering Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oberst, Bethany S.; Jones, Russel C.

2006-01-01

This paper summarizes the phenomenon of offshore outsourcing and relates it to the history and current state of engineering education and the engineering profession in Europe and the USA. In order to assess the climate affecting employment decisions by and about engineers we have used as sources mostly the serious press, with an emphasis on…

Renovation of a Mechanical Engineering Senior Design Class to an Industry-Tied and Team-Oriented Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liu, Yucheng

2017-01-01

In this work, an industry-based and team-oriented education model was established based on a traditional mechanical engineering (ME) senior design class in order to better prepare future engineers and leaders so as to meet the increasing demand for high-quality engineering graduates. In the renovated curriculum, industry-sponsored projects became…

Nanotechnology in the Regeneration of Complex Tissues

PubMed Central

Cassidy, John W.

2015-01-01

Modern medicine faces a growing crisis as demand for organ transplantations continues to far outstrip supply. By stimulating the body’s own repair mechanisms, regenerative medicine aims to reduce demand for organs, while the closely related field of tissue engineering promises to deliver “off-the-self” organs grown from patients’ own stem cells to improve supply. To deliver on these promises, we must have reliable means of generating complex tissues. Thus far, the majority of successful tissue engineering approaches have relied on macroporous scaffolds to provide cells with both mechanical support and differentiative cues. In order to engineer complex tissues, greater attention must be paid to nanoscale cues present in a cell’s microenvironment. As the extracellular matrix is capable of driving complexity during development, it must be understood and reproduced in order to recapitulate complexity in engineered tissues. This review will summarize current progress in engineering complex tissue through the integration of nanocomposites and biomimetic scaffolds. PMID:26097381

The Emergence of a Community of Practice in Engineering Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kolikant, Yifat Ben-David; McKenna, Ann; Yalvac, Bugrahan

2006-01-01

This chapter describes how engineering faculty and learning scientists developed a collective wisdom--shared language, capabilities, and world view--in order to work together to achieve a common goal of developing course materials in the domain of biomedical engineering. (Contains 1 table and 1 figure.)

International Dimension in Engineering Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Borri, C.; Guberti, E.; Melsa, J.

2007-01-01

Engineers of the 21st century will spend appreciable portions of their careers in environments rich with global connections. Therefore, engineering colleges and universities must develop strategies that provide the global perspectives and international experiences that will help their graduates excel in this new world order. The current paper…