14 CFR 183.23 - Pilot examiners.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Pilot examiners. 183.23 Section 183.23... REGULATIONS REPRESENTATIVES OF THE ADMINISTRATOR Kinds of Designations: Privileges § 183.23 Pilot examiners. Any pilot examiner, instrument rating examiner, or airline transport pilot examiner may— (a) As...

Ethics in the laboratory examination of patients

PubMed Central

Nyrhinen, T.; Leino-Kilpi, H.

2000-01-01

Various value problems are connected with the clinical examination of patients. The purpose of this literature review is to clarify: 1) in which patient examinations ethical problems are generally found; 2) what kind of ethical problems are found in the different phases of the examination process, and 3) what kind of ethical problems are found in connection with the use of examination results. Genetic testing, autopsy, prenatal and HIV examinations were ethically the most problematic laboratory examinations. The most problematic phase in the laboratory examination process proved to be the pre-analytic phase. At present the results of laboratory examination are used more and more often for the prediction of diseases. The problems appear when the examination results are used for discrimination and stigmatisation. Because of the lack of empirical ethical research, it is important to chart empirical knowledge about present value conflict situations involved in the laboratory examination process. Key Words: Ethic • laboratory • test • examination • diagnosis • patient PMID:10701173

FACTORS DETERMINING THE RESULTS OF THE EXAMINATION OF THE WEST AFRICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS IN GENERAL SURGERY.

PubMed

Ajao, O G; Ajao, O O; Ugwu, B T; Yawe, Kdt; Ezeome, E R

2014-01-01

The general surgery results of the West African College of Surgeons (WACS) post-graduate fellowship examination could not be regarded as satisfactory when compared with the results of similar post-graduate examinations in some developed countries. For example the pass rate of the West African College of Surgeons examination was usually under 40% whereas the pass rate in oral examination in a similar post-graduate examination, the American Board of Surgery was 84% in 2006, 73% in 2012. The first time pass rate in general surgery of final year general surgery residents at the American Board of Surgery qualifying and certifying examinations were 74% - 78% between 2000 and 2007. To identify the factors responsible for the high failure rate at the general surgery fellowship examinations of the West African College of Surgeons. Descriptive study .We studied and analyzed the West African College of Surgeons examination results for April 2012, October 2012, April 2013 and October 2013 with emphasis on the results, the conduct of the examination and the opinion from fellows about the examiners. Well structured questionnaires were sent to fellows who had passed all the various fellowship examinations of the West African College of Surgeons in general surgery to indicate their opinion about the examination, and the examiners. University College Hospital, Ibadan, and Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria. The first part of the study dealt with an analysis of each section of the examination prospectively studied over a 2-year period. This consisted of four sets of examination results. The second part was a questionnaire-based study administered to Fellows who had passed the WACS final fellowship examination in general surgery. The questionnaire had three sections: primary, part 1 and part 2 and included basic demographics, date at attempts in each grade of the examinations and the outcome. It also included the views of the respondents on the conduct of the examination and outcome. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. A total of 720 candidates with age range of 28 - 39 years and a mean of 33.2 years sat for the Part 1 Fellowship examinations in 2012 and 2013 with an average of 180 candidate per examination. At the Part 2 fellowship examination, 84 candidates with the age range of 31 - 42 year and a mean of 36.5 years sat the Part 2 Fellowship examination with an average of 21 candidates for each Part 2 examination in general surgery during the same period. The examinations held in April and October of each year. While an average of 28.8% of the candidates passed, an average of 71.2% of the candidates failed the Part 1 Fellowship examinations in 2012 and 2013. The aggregate clinical score was responsible for failure in 59.5% of the candidates. In the Part 2 Fellowship examination in general surgery during the same period, 31.5% of the candidates passed while an average of 68.5% of the candidates failed per examination. The aggregate clinical score was responsible for 53.3% of the candidates who failed the Part 2 examination. Furthermore, 60 - 69.7% of the candidates had a favourable opinion about the conduct of the examination, 54.5 - 63.6% rated the professionalism of the examiners high, even though the pass rate at the first attempts of the various grades of the examination by the respondents was about 50 percent. The clinical part of the examination is a major factor responsible for the high failure rate in the general surgery fellowship examinations of the West African College of Surgeons. In order to mitigate this, residents in training should be exposed to the clinical management of a wide range of cases in the discipline with majority of the operations performed by them under the direct supervision of their consultants.

50 CFR 228.18 - Cross-examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cross-examination. 228.18 Section 228.18...-examination. (a) The presiding officer may: (1) Require the cross-examiner to outline the intended scope of the cross-examination; (2) Prohibit parties from cross-examining witnesses unless the presiding...

Effect of Examiner Experience and Technique on the Alternate Cover Test

PubMed Central

Anderson, Heather A.; Manny, Ruth E.; Cotter, Susan A.; Mitchell, G. Lynn; Irani, Jasmine A.

2013-01-01

Purpose To compare the repeatability of the alternate cover test between experienced and inexperienced examiners and the effects of dissociation time and examiner bias. Methods Two sites each had an experienced examiner train 10 subjects (inexperienced examiners) to perform short and long dissociation time alternate cover test protocols at near. Each site conducted testing sessions with an examiner triad (experienced examiner and two inexperienced examiners) who were masked to each other’s results. Each triad performed the alternate cover test on 24 patients using both dissociation protocols. In an attempt to introduce bias, each of the paired inexperienced examiners was given a different graph of phoria distribution for the general population. Analysis techniques that adjust for correlations introduced when multiple measurements are obtained on the same patient were used to investigate the effect of examiner and dissociation time on each outcome. Results The range of measured deviations spanned 27.5 prism diopters (Δ) base-in to 17.5Δ base-out. The absolute mean difference between experienced and inexperienced examiners was 2.28 ± 2.4Δ and at least 60% of differences were ≤2Δ. Larger deviations were measured with the long dissociation protocol for both experienced and inexperienced examiners (mean difference range = 1.17 to 2.14Δ, p < 0.0001). The percentage of measured small deviations (2Δ base-out to 2Δ base-in) did not differ between inexperienced examiners biased with the narrow vs. wide theoretical distributions (p = 0.41). The magnitude and direction of the deviation had no effect on the size of the differences obtained with different examiners or dissociation times. Conclusions Although inexperienced examiners differed significantly from experienced examiners, most differences were <2Δ suggesting good reliability of inexperienced examiners’ measurements. Examiner bias did not have a substantial effect on inexperienced examiner measurements; however, increased dissociation resulted in larger measured deviations for all examiners. PMID:20125058

46 CFR 176.610 - Scope of drydock and internal structural examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Scope of drydock and internal structural examinations....610 Scope of drydock and internal structural examinations. (a) A drydock examination conducted in... required to be pulled for examination. (b) An internal structural examination conducted in compliance with...

Secure E-Examination Systems Compared: Case Studies from Two Countries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fluck, Andrew; Adebayo, Olawale S.; Abdulhamid, Shafi'i M.

2017-01-01

Aim/Purpose: Electronic examinations have some inherent problems. Students have expressed negative opinions about electronic examinations (e-examinations) due to a fear of, or unfamiliarity with, the technology of assessment, and a lack of knowledge about the methods of e-examinations. Background: Electronic examinations are now a viable…

20 CFR 404.1519 - The consultative examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... pediatrician when appropriate. The decision to purchase a consultative examination will be made on an... consultative examination. A consultative examination is a physical or mental examination or test purchased for...

20 CFR 416.919 - The consultative examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... pediatrician when appropriate. The decision to purchase a consultative examination will be made on an... consultative examination. A consultative examination is a physical or mental examination or test purchased for...

Effects of Guilt and Approachability of Examiner upon Associative Sexual Responses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Janda, Louis H.; And Others

1976-01-01

The effects of guilt and approachability of a female examiner upon the associative sexual responses of 48 men and 48 women were examined. It was found that low-guilt males made more sexual responses when tested by an approachable examiner than unapproachable examiner. Subjects' perceptions of the experimenters were also examined. (Author)

Assessment of examiner leniency and stringency ('hawk-dove effect') in the MRCP(UK) clinical examination (PACES) using multi-facet Rasch modelling

PubMed Central

McManus, IC; Thompson, M; Mollon, J

2006-01-01

Background A potential problem of clinical examinations is known as the hawk-dove problem, some examiners being more stringent and requiring a higher performance than other examiners who are more lenient. Although the problem has been known qualitatively for at least a century, we know of no previous statistical estimation of the size of the effect in a large-scale, high-stakes examination. Here we use FACETS to carry out a multi-facet Rasch modelling of the paired judgements made by examiners in the clinical examination (PACES) of MRCP(UK), where identical candidates were assessed in identical situations, allowing calculation of examiner stringency. Methods Data were analysed from the first nine diets of PACES, which were taken between June 2001 and March 2004 by 10,145 candidates. Each candidate was assessed by two examiners on each of seven separate tasks. with the candidates assessed by a total of 1,259 examiners, resulting in a total of 142,030 marks. Examiner demographics were described in terms of age, sex, ethnicity, and total number of candidates examined. Results FACETS suggested that about 87% of main effect variance was due to candidate differences, 1% due to station differences, and 12% due to differences between examiners in leniency-stringency. Multiple regression suggested that greater examiner stringency was associated with greater examiner experience and being from an ethnic minority. Male and female examiners showed no overall difference in stringency. Examination scores were adjusted for examiner stringency and it was shown that for the present pass mark, the outcome for 95.9% of candidates would be unchanged using adjusted marks, whereas 2.6% of candidates would have passed, even though they had failed on the basis of raw marks, and 1.5% of candidates would have failed, despite passing on the basis of raw marks. Conclusion Examiners do differ in their leniency or stringency, and the effect can be estimated using Rasch modelling. The reasons for differences are not clear, but there are some demographic correlates, and the effects appear to be reliable across time. Account can be taken of differences, either by adjusting marks or, perhaps more effectively and more justifiably, by pairing high and low stringency examiners, so that raw marks can be used in the determination of pass and fail. PMID:16919156

46 CFR 167.15-40 - Integral fuel oil tank examinations-T/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... vessel shall have the tanks cleaned out and gas freed as necessary to permit internal examination of the... examination of the fuel tanks of each vessel during an internal structural examination at intervals not to... examined if the marine inspector is able to determine by external examination that the general condition of...

The Mental Status Expert (MSE): an expert system for scoring and interpreting the mental status examination.

PubMed Central

Hier, D. B.; Jao, C. S.; Brint, S. U.

1994-01-01

The mental status examination is the most difficult and time-consuming portion of the neurological examination. A complete mental status examination requires the examiner to assess alertness, memory, language, praxis, gnosis, attention, and visual-spatial functions. Findings of the mental status need to be interpreted in terms of severity of deficits, nature of the deficits, likely etiology, and likely area of corresponding brain injury. The performance of an accurate, complete, and detailed mental status examination is a daunting task for the medical student or resident in training. Traditional mental status examinations show considerable inter-examiner variability for items administered and for interpretation of abnormalities. Even in academic settings, mental status examinations have little educational content. PMID:7949891

An examination of the factors affecting people's participation in future health examinations based on community health exam interventions.

PubMed

Tu, Shih-Kai; Liao, Hung-En

2014-01-01

Community-based intervention health examinations were implemented at a health care facility to comply with the government's primary health care promotion policy. The theory of planned behavior model was applied to examine the effect that community-based health examinations had on people's health concepts regarding seeking future health examinations. The research participants were individuals who had received a health examination provided at two branches of a hospital in central Taiwan in 2012. The hospital's two branches held a total of 14 free community-based health examination sessions. The hospital provided health examination equipment and staff to perform health examinations during public holidays. We conducted an exploratory questionnaire survey to collect data and implemented cross-sectional research based on anonymous self-ratings to examine the public's intention to receive future community-based or hospital-based health examinations. Including of 807 valid questionnaires, accounting for 89.4% of the total number of questionnaires distributed. The correlation coefficients of the second-order structural model indicate that attitudes positively predict behavioral intentions (γ = .66, p < .05), and subjective norms also positively predict behavioral intentions (γ = .66, p < .01). By contrast, perceived behavioral control has no significant relationship with behavioral intentions (γ = -.71, p > .05). The results of the first-order structural model indicated that the second-order constructs had a high explanatory power for the first-order constructs. People's health concepts regarding health examinations and their desire to continue receiving health examinations must be considered when promoting health examinations in the community. Regarding hospital management and the government's implementation of primary health care, health examination services should address people's medical needs to increase coverage and participation rates and reduce the waste of medical resources.

An equity analysis of health examination service utilization by women from underdeveloped areas in western China

PubMed Central

Gao, Jianmin; Zhou, Zhongliang; Yan, Ju’e; Xu, Yongjian; Yang, Xiaowei; Li, Yanli

2017-01-01

Objective This study sought to examine the sources of inequity in health examination service utilization by women from underdeveloped areas in western China. Methods Based on data from the 5th National Health Service Survey in Shaanxi province, women’s utilization of health examination services was examined according to gynecological, cervical smear, and breast examination rates. The equity of health examination service utilization by 15- to 64-year-old women and the factors contributing to inequity were determined using the health concentration index, decomposition of the concentration index, and the horizontal inequity index. Results The examination rates for gynecological, cervical smear, and breast exams for 15- to 64-year-old women in Shaanxi province were 40.61%, 27.08%, and 24.59%, respectively. The horizontal inequity indices of gynecological, cervical smear, and breast examination rates were 0.0480, 0.0423, and 0.0764, respectively, and each examination rate was higher for wealthy individuals. The contribution rates of economic status to the inequalities in gynecological, cervical smear, and breast examination rates were 65.80%, 74.31%, and 56.49%, respectively. The contribution rates of educational status to the inequalities in gynecological, cervical smear, and breast examination rates were 21.01%, 14.83% and 30.00%, respectively. The contribution rates of age to the inequalities in gynecological, cervical smear, and breast examination rates were 25.77%, 26.55%, and 18.40%, respectively. Conclusions Women’s health examination rates differed between populations with different socio-demographic characteristics. There is pro-wealth inequality in each examination rate. This study found that financial status, age, and education level were the main reasons for the unequal utilization of health examination services. PMID:29065129

Benefits of mock oral examinations in a multi-institutional consortium for board certification in general surgery training.

PubMed

Subhas, Gokulakkrishna; Yoo, Stephen; Chang, Yeon-Jeen; Peiper, David; Frikker, Mark J; Bouwman, David L; Silbergleit, Allen; Lloyd, Larry R; Mittal, Vijay K

2009-09-01

The Southeast Michigan Center for Medical Education (SEMCME) is a consortium of teaching hospitals in the Greater Detroit metropolitan area. SEMCME pools its resources for several educational means, including mock oral board examinations. The educational and cost benefits to mock oral examinations on a multi-institutional basis in preparation for the American Board of Surgery (ABS) certifying examination were analyzed. Ten-year multi-institution data from the mock oral examinations were correlated with ABS certifying examination pass rates. Mock oral examination scores were available for 107 of 147 graduates, which included 12 candidates who failed their certifying examination on the first attempt (pass rate = 89%). Four of 31 examinees who had a low score (4.9 or less) in their mock oral exams failed their certifying examination in their first attempt. The cost of running the mock examination was low (approximately $35/resident for 50 residents). When graduates from the last 10 years were surveyed, the majority of respondents believed that the mock oral examination helped in their success and with their preparation for the certifying examination. Thus, the many benefits of administering the examination with the resources of a consortium of hospitals result in the accurate reproduction of real-life testing conditions with reasonable overall costs per resident.

The Role of Linguistic Modification in Nursing Education.

PubMed

Moore, Brenda S; Clark, Michele C

2016-06-01

English-as-a-second-language (ESL) nursing students fail to graduate from programs at alarming rates. For many of these students, academic failure results from poor performance on multiple choice examinations, which frequently contain linguistic errors. A remedy for these errors is to linguistically modify examination questions. This study assessed the effects of linguistic modification on examination scores. Scores of ESL and non-ESL nursing students were compared on an experimental multiple choice examination and a control examination. After exclusion, 67 ESL and 252 non-ESL students completed the experimental examination; 68 ESL and 257 non-ESL students completed the control examination. Both ESL and non-ESL students scored higher on the experimental examination than on the control examination. For ESL students, the increase in observed means between the experimental and control examination was 0.6%; for non-ESL students, the increase was 0.48%. [J Nurs Educ. 2016;55(6):309-315.]. Copyright 2016, SLACK Incorporated.

Relationship of candidate communication and organization skills to oral certification examination scores.

PubMed

Houston, James E; Smith, Everett V

2008-12-01

This study investigated the relationship between candidate's proficiency in communication/organization and ability measures derived from judges' oral examination ratings on a medical specialty certification examination. Judges who rated candidates on the oral examination also provided a separate rating for candidates' communication/organization skills. ANOVA was used to examine differences among levels of communication/organizational skills with respect to candidates' ability measures on the oral examination. There was a statistically significant increase in oral examination measures for candidates with higher levels of communication/organization skills. This supports the hypothesis that candidates who were more proficient in organizing and presenting their responses were more likely to have better performance on the oral examination. Given communication and oral examination ratings were provided by the same judges, future research should investigate whether these preliminary findings generalize to situations in which communication ratings are obtained from independent ratings during and outside the oral examination.

Standards of the Polish Ultrasound Society - update. Ultrasound examination of the kidneys, ureters and urinary bladder.

PubMed

Tyloch, Janusz F; Woźniak, Magdalena Maria; Wieczorek, Andrzej Paweł

2013-09-01

The paper presents the principles of performing proper ultrasound examinations of the urinary tract. The following are discussed: preparation of patients, type of optimal apparatus, technique of examination and conditions which its description should fulfill. Urinary track examination in adults and in children constitutes an integral part of each abdominal examination. Such examinations should be performed with fasting patients or several hours after the last meal, with filled urinary bladder. Ultrasound examinations in children and infants are performed using transducers with the frequency of 5.0-9.0 MHz and in adults - with the frequency of 2.0-6.0 MHz. Doppler options are desirable since they improve diagnostic capacity of sonography in terms of differentiation between renal focal lesions. Renal examinations are performed with the patients in the supine position. The right kidney is examined in the right hypochondriac region using the liver as the ultrasound "window." The left kidney is examined in the left hypochondriac region, preferably in the posterior axillary line. Ultrasound examinations of the upper segment of the ureters are performed after renal examination when the pelvicalyceal system is dilated. A condition necessary for a proper examination of the perivesical portion of the ureter is full urinary bladder. The scans of the urinary bladder are performed in transverse, longitudinal and oblique planes when the bladder is filled. The description should include patient's personal details, details of the referring unit, of the unit in which the examination is performed, examining physician's details, type of ultrasound apparatus and transducers as well as the description proper.

34 CFR 101.79 - Cross-examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Cross-examination. 101.79 Section 101.79 Education...-examination. A witness may be cross-examined on any matter material to the proceeding without regard to the scope of his direct examination. ...

Effects of outsourcing magnetic resonance examinations from a public university hospital to a private agent.

PubMed

Tavakol, Parvin; Labruto, Fausto; Bergstrand, Lott; Blomqvist, Lennart

2011-02-01

Sometimes the measures taken to make a radiology department more effective, such as prioritizing the workload and keeping equipment running for as many hours as staffing permits, are not enough. In such cases, outsourcing radiological examinations is a potential solution for reducing waiting times. To investigate differences in waiting time, quality and costs between magnetic resonance (MR) examinations performed in a university hospital and examinations outsourced to private service. We retrospectively selected a group of consecutive, outsourced MR examinations (n=97) and a control group of in-house MR examinations, matched for type of examination. In each group there were referrals that had a specified preferred timeframe for completion. We measured the percentage of cases in which this timeframe was met and if it was not met, how many days exceeded the preferred time. In referrals without a specified preferred timeframe, we also calculated the waiting time. Quality standards were measured by the percentage of examinations that had to be re-done and re-assessed. Finally, we calculated the cumulative costs, taking into account the costs for re-doing and re-assessing examinations. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups, in either the number of examinations that were not performed within the preferred time or the number of days that exceeded the preferred timeframe. For referrals without a preferred timeframe, the waiting time was shorter for outsourced examinations than those not outsourced. There were no differences in the number of examinations that had to be re-done, but more examinations needed to be re-assessed in the outsourced group than in the in-house group. The calculated costs for outsourced examinations were lower than the costs for internally performed examinations. Outsourcing magnetic resonance examinations may be an effective way of reducing a radiology department's workload. Ways in which to reduce the additional costs incurred for re-assessment of outsourced examinations must be investigated further.

Does administering a comprehensive examination affect pass rates on the Registered Health Information Administrator certification examination?

PubMed

McNeill, Marjorie H

2009-01-01

The purpose of this research study was to determine whether the administration of a comprehensive examination before graduation increases the percentage of students passing the Registered Health Information Administrator certification examination. A t-test for independent means yielded a statistically significant difference between the Registered Health Information Administrator certification examination pass rates of health information administration programs that administer a comprehensive examination and programs that do not administer a comprehensive examination. Programs with a high certification examination pass rate do not require a comprehensive examination when compared with those programs with a lower pass rate. It is concluded that health information administration faculty at the local level should perform program self-analysis to improve student progress toward achievement of learning outcomes and entry-level competencies.

Relationship between candidate communication ability and oral certification examination scores.

PubMed

Lunz, Mary E; Bashook, Philip G

2008-12-01

Structured case-based oral examinations are widely used in medical certifying examinations in the USA. These orals assess the candidate's decision-making skills using real or realistic patient cases. Frequently mentioned but not empirically evaluated is the potential bias introduced by the candidate's communication ability. This study aimed to assess the relationship between candidate communication ability and medical certification oral examination scores. Non-doctor communication observers rated a random sample of 90 candidates on communication ability during a medical oral certification examination. The multi-facet Rasch model was used to analyse the communication survey and the oral examination data. The multi-facet model accounts for observer and examiner severity bias. anova was used to measure differences in communication ability between passing and failing candidates and candidates grouped by level of communication ability. Pearson's correlations were used to compare candidate communication ability and oral certification examination performance. Candidate separation reliability values for the communication survey and the oral examination were 0.85 and 0.97, respectively, suggesting accurate candidate measurement. The correlation between communication scores and oral examination scores was 0.10. No significant difference was found between passing and failing candidates for measured communication ability. When candidates were grouped by high, moderate and low communication ability, there was no significant difference in their oral certification examination performance. Candidates' communication ability has little relationship to candidate performance on high-stakes, case-based oral examinations. Examiners for this certifying examination focused on assessing candidate decision-making ability and were not influenced by candidate communication ability.

Utilization and value of personal digital assistants on an epidemiology final examination.

PubMed

Lawler, Frank H; Cacy, Jim

2005-01-01

The utility of personal digital assistants (PDAs) in basic science medical education is uncertain. Student outcomes on an epidemiology course final examination for academic years 2003 and 2004 were examined. Students were given permission to use PDAs on the final examination, and self-selected whether these instruments were used. Performance on the examination based on use of a PDA and whether students thought it was useful for the examination was compared. A total of 389 students took the final examination, with an 88% response rate to the survey questions. No statistically significant differences were found on final examination scores. No trends toward significance were found on analyses of the total examination, specific topical domains, or on specific questions where a PDA might be expected to be especially useful. From this study, it can be concluded that use of PDAs and whether students thought they might be helpful had no measurable effect on performance on an epidemiology final examination. Further delineation of the possible use of PDAs in a basic science course and on the final examination is indicated.

The effectiveness of a nurse-delivered breast health promotion program on breast cancer screening behaviours in non-adherent Turkish women: A randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Secginli, Selda; Nahcivan, Nursen O

2011-01-01

Few studies have investigated breast health programs to promote rates of having a mammography, clinical breast examination and breast self-examination among non-adherent Turkish women. To determine the effectiveness of a breast health promotion program on mammography and clinical breast examination use, breast self-examination frequency and proficiency (breast self-examination skills and lump detection), breast health knowledge and health beliefs about breast cancer screening in a sample of Turkish women. Experimental (pretest-posttest control group). A community-based setting in Istanbul, Turkey. 190 Non-adherent women (intervention group=97, control group=93) aged 41 and older, residing in Istanbul, Turkey. The intervention group (n=97) received a 120-min breast health promotion program based on health belief model including a breast health education, film, breast self-examination instruction, and a booklet, a calendar, a card designed specifically for the study. The control group (n=93) received general information except breast health. Data were collected before the program, immediately after the program, and at 3- and 6-month post-program. The outcome measures are the mammography, clinical breast examination, and breast self-examination frequency, breast self-examination proficiency, breast health knowledge, and health beliefs (perceived susceptibility to breast cancer, benefits to mammography and breast self-examination, barriers of mammography and breast self-examination, confidence in performing breast self-examination). The breast health promotion program significantly increased breast self-examination frequency and proficiency and breast health knowledge. No significant differences existed in mammography and clinical breast examination rates between the two groups at 6 months. The program was effective in increasing perceived susceptibility to breast cancer, perceived benefits of mammography and breast self-examination, and confidence of breast self-examination. No significant difference was found between the two groups for perceived barriers to mammography. The breast health promotion program was effective in increasing breast self-examination frequency and proficiency in a sample of Turkish women. In addition, it appears to be useful in raising the knowledge of breast health, enhancing confidence in performing breast self-examination, and increasing most health belief levels. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Peer-assisted teaching student tutors as examiners in an orthopedic surgery OSCE station – pros and cons

PubMed Central

Melcher, Peter; Zajonz, Dirk; Roth, Andreas; Heyde, Christoph-E.; Ghanem, Mohamed

2016-01-01

Background: The OSCE (objective structured clinical examination) is composed of oral and practical examination in order to examine students’ abilities to imply clinical examination techniques and to interact with patients. The examiners for this procedure can be either lecturers or peers. The aim of this work is to evaluate the peer-assisted teaching student tutors as examiners in an orthopedic surgery OSCE station. Methods: We analyzed the OSCE data from 2013 to 2015. During this period over 300 medical students were examined each year. An evaluation was conducted at an orthopedic station and examined by peer students to assess the advantages and disadvantages of peer-assisted teaching student tutors as examiners. Results: We have noticed that student peers are more flexible regarding their schedule and they have been well trained for OSCE. Concerning the economic aspects, student peers are clearly of major economic advantage. Disadvantages were not reported in our study probably because peers were well trained and the checklists are monitored regularly. Conclusion: Student peers in OSCE are of major advantage due to their flexible time schedule and relatively low costs. They must be well trained and the checklists are to be monitored regularly. Our study shows that peer tutor examiners conducted the examination as competent as lecture examiners. However, legal restrictions on the employment of students should be considered. PMID:27500078

The influence of objectives, learning experiences and examination blueprint on medical students' examination preparation

PubMed Central

McLaughlin, K; Coderre, S; Woloschuk, W; Lim, T; Muruve, D; Mandin, H

2005-01-01

Background The influence of intended and informal curricula on examination preparation has not been extensively studied. This study aims to firstly describe how students utilized components of intended and informal curricula to guide examination preparation, and secondly to study the relationship between examination preparation and performance. Methods Students received a pre-examination questionnaire to identify components from the intended curriculum (objectives and examination blueprint), and informal curriculum (content emphasised during lectures and small groups), used during examination preparation. Multiple logistic regression was used to study the relationship between these variables and student performance (above versus at or below average). Results Eighty-one students participated. There was no difference in the proportions using the examination blueprint, content emphasised during lectures, and content emphasised during small groups (87 – 93%) but fewer students used objectives (35%, p < 0.001). Objectives use was associated with reduced odds of above average examination performance (adjusted odds ratio 0.27 [0.07, 0.97], p = 0.04). Conclusion When preparing for the renal course examination, students were influenced at least as much by the informal as the intended curriculum. Of the two intended curriculum components, the examination blueprint appeared to be more widely used than the course objectives. This decreased use of objectives on examination preparation did not appear to have a detrimental effect on student performance. PMID:16359554

47 CFR 13.209 - Examination procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL COMMERCIAL RADIO OPERATORS Examination System § 13.209 Examination procedures. (a) Each examination for a commercial radio operator license must be administered at a... examinee to comply with its instructions. (b) Each examinee, when taking an examination for a commercial...

47 CFR 0.484 - Amateur radio operator examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Amateur radio operator examinations. 0.484....484 Amateur radio operator examinations. Generally, examinations for amateur radio operation licenses... FCC conducts examinations for amateur radio operator licenses, they shall take place at locations and...

38 CFR 13.2 - Field examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Field examinations. 13.2... ADMINISTRATION, FIDUCIARY ACTIVITIES § 13.2 Field examinations. (a) Authority to conduct; generally. Field... facility Director are authorized, when assigned, to conduct investigations (field examinations) and examine...

5 CFR 332.311 - Quarterly examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Quarterly examinations. 332.311 Section... AND SELECTION THROUGH COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION Period of Competition and Eligibility Acceptance of Applications After Closing Date of Examinations § 332.311 Quarterly examinations. (a) A 10-point preference...

49 CFR 390.107 - Medical examiner certification testing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Medical examiner certification testing. 390.107... FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY REGULATIONS; GENERAL National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners § 390.107 Medical examiner certification testing. An applicant for medical examiner certification or...

49 CFR 390.107 - Medical examiner certification testing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Medical examiner certification testing. 390.107... FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY REGULATIONS; GENERAL National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners § 390.107 Medical examiner certification testing. An applicant for medical examiner certification or...

49 CFR 390.105 - Medical examiner training programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Medical examiner training programs. 390.105... FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY REGULATIONS; GENERAL National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners § 390.105 Medical examiner training programs. An applicant for medical examiner certification must complete...

49 CFR 390.105 - Medical examiner training programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Medical examiner training programs. 390.105... FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY REGULATIONS; GENERAL National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners § 390.105 Medical examiner training programs. An applicant for medical examiner certification must complete...

47 CFR 13.203 - Examination elements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Examination elements. (a) A written examination (written Element) must prove that the examinee possesses the... pass the examination. Each written examination must consist of questions relating to the pertinent... be able to express oneself satisfactorily both orally and in writing; knowledge of and ability to...

47 CFR 13.203 - Examination elements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Examination elements. (a) A written examination (written Element) must prove that the examinee possesses the... pass the examination. Each written examination must consist of questions relating to the pertinent... be able to express oneself satisfactorily both orally and in writing; knowledge of and ability to...

78 FR 27343 - Medical Examiner's Certification Integration

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-10

... efficiency; (2) reflect current medical terminology and examination components; and (3) be a self-contained... 391 [Docket No. FMCSA-2012-0178] RIN 2126-AB40 Medical Examiner's Certification Integration AGENCY...: FMCSA proposes to require certified medical examiners (MEs) performing physical examinations on drivers...

Relationship between Resident-In-Training Examination in psychiatry and subsequent certification examination performances.

PubMed

Juul, Dorthea; Schneidman, Barbara S; Sexson, Sandra B; Fernandez, Francisco; Beresin, Eugene V; Ebert, Michael H; Winstead, Daniel K; Faulkner, Larry R

2009-01-01

This study analyzed the relationship between performance on The American College of Psychiatrists' Psychiatry Resident-In-Training Examination (PRITE) and the ABPN Part 1 examination. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine the relationship between performance on the 2002 PRITE and the 2003 Part 1 examination for 297 examinees. The correlation between the PRITE global psychiatry and the Part 1 psychiatry scores was 0.59, and the correlation between the PRITE global neurology and the Part 1 neurology scores was 0.39. Although the PRITE and the Part 1 examination have different purposes and are developed independently, the significant correlations between scores on the two tests support the use of PRITE results to guide preparation for the Part 1 examination. Guidelines for PRITE scores associated with poor performance on the Part 1 examination are provided.

Quantifying learning in medical students during a critical care medicine elective: a comparison of three evaluation instruments.

PubMed

Rogers, P L; Jacob, H; Rashwan, A S; Pinsky, M R

2001-06-01

To compare three different evaluative instruments and determine which is able to measure different aspects of medical student learning. Student learning was evaluated by using written examinations, objective structured clinical examination, and patient simulator that used two clinical scenarios before and after a structured critical care elective, by using a crossover design. Twenty-four 4th-yr students enrolled in the critical care medicine elective. All students took a multiple-choice written examination; evaluated a live simulated critically ill patient, requested data from a nurse, and intervened as appropriate at different stations (objective structured clinical examination); and evaluated the computer-controlled patient simulator and intervened as appropriate. Students' knowledge was assessed by using a multiple-choice examination containing the same data incorporated into the other examinations. Student performance on the objective structured clinical examination was evaluated at five stations. Both objective structured clinical examination and simulator tests were videotaped for subsequent scores of responses, quality of responses, and response time. The videotapes were reviewed for specific behaviors by faculty masked to time of examination. Students were expected to perform the following: a) assess airway, breathing, and circulation; b) prepare a mannequin for intubation; c) provide appropriate ventilator settings; d) manage hypotension; and e) request, interpret, and provide appropriate intervention for pulmonary artery catheter data. Students were expected to perform identical behaviors during the simulator examination; however, the entire examination was performed on the whole-body computer-controlled mannequin. The primary outcome measure was the difference in examination scores before and after the rotation. The mean preelective scores were 77 +/- 16%, 47 +/- 15%, and 41 +/- 14% for the written examination, objective structured clinical examination, and simulator, respectively, compared with 89 +/- 11%, 76 +/- 12%, and 62 +/- 15% after the elective (p <.0001). Prerotation scores for the written examination were significantly higher than the objective structured clinical examination or the simulator; postrotation scores were highest for the written examination and lowest for the simulator. Written examinations measure acquisition of knowledge but fail to predict if students can apply knowledge to problem solving, whereas both the objective structured clinical examination and the computer-controlled patient simulator can be used as effective performance evaluation tools.

Pulmonary and Critical Care In-Service Training Examination Score as a Predictor of Board Certification Examination Performance.

PubMed

Kempainen, Robert R; Hess, Brian J; Addrizzo-Harris, Doreen J; Schaad, Douglas C; Scott, Craig S; Carlin, Brian W; Shaw, Robert C; Duhigg, Lauren; Lipner, Rebecca S

2016-04-01

Most trainees in combined pulmonary and critical care medicine fellowship programs complete in-service training examinations (ITEs) that test knowledge in both disciplines. Whether ITE scores predict performance on the American Board of Internal Medicine Pulmonary Disease Certification Examination and Critical Care Medicine Certification Examination is unknown. To determine whether pulmonary and critical care medicine ITE scores predict performance on subspecialty board certification examinations independently of trainee demographics, program director competency ratings, fellowship program characteristics, and prior medical knowledge assessments. First- and second-year fellows who were enrolled in the study between 2008 and 2012 completed a questionnaire encompassing demographics and fellowship training characteristics. These data and ITE scores were matched to fellows' subsequent scores on subspecialty certification examinations, program director ratings, and previous scores on their American Board of Internal Medicine Internal Medicine Certification Examination. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression were used to identify independent predictors of subspecialty certification examination scores and likelihood of passing the examinations, respectively. Of eligible fellows, 82.4% enrolled in the study. The ITE score for second-year fellows was matched to their certification examination scores, which yielded 1,484 physicians for pulmonary disease and 1,331 for critical care medicine. Second-year fellows' ITE scores (β = 0.24, P < 0.001) and Internal Medicine Certification Examination scores (β = 0.49, P < 0.001) were the strongest predictors of Pulmonary Disease Certification Examination scores, and were the only significant predictors of passing the examination (ITE odds ratio, 1.12 [95% confidence interval, 1.07-1.16]; Internal Medicine Certification Examination odds ratio, 1.01 [95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.02]). Similar results were obtained for predicting Critical Care Medicine Certification Examination scores and for passing the examination. The predictive value of ITE scores among first-year fellows on the subspecialty certification examinations was comparable to second-year fellows' ITE scores. The Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine ITE score is an independent, and stronger, predictor of subspecialty certification examination performance than fellow demographics, program director competency ratings, and fellowship characteristics. These findings support the use of the ITE to identify the learning needs of fellows as they work toward subspecialty board certification.

9 CFR 318.301 - Containers and closures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Section 318.301 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... examinations for rigid containers (cans)—(1) Visual examinations. A closure technician shall visually examine... container shall be examined for product leakage or obvious defects. A visual examination shall be performed...

36 CFR 21.7 - Health examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Health examinations. 21.7... SPRINGS NATIONAL PARK; BATHHOUSE REGULATIONS § 21.7 Health examinations. No employee who comes in direct... health examination, or remain in such employment without undergoing periodic health examinations, as...

36 CFR 21.7 - Health examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Health examinations. 21.7... SPRINGS NATIONAL PARK; BATHHOUSE REGULATIONS § 21.7 Health examinations. No employee who comes in direct... health examination, or remain in such employment without undergoing periodic health examinations, as...

36 CFR 21.7 - Health examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Health examinations. 21.7... SPRINGS NATIONAL PARK; BATHHOUSE REGULATIONS § 21.7 Health examinations. No employee who comes in direct... health examination, or remain in such employment without undergoing periodic health examinations, as...

36 CFR 21.7 - Health examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Health examinations. 21.7... SPRINGS NATIONAL PARK; BATHHOUSE REGULATIONS § 21.7 Health examinations. No employee who comes in direct... health examination, or remain in such employment without undergoing periodic health examinations, as...

36 CFR 21.7 - Health examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Health examinations. 21.7... SPRINGS NATIONAL PARK; BATHHOUSE REGULATIONS § 21.7 Health examinations. No employee who comes in direct... health examination, or remain in such employment without undergoing periodic health examinations, as...

38 CFR 3.326 - Examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Examinations. 3.326... Examinations. For purposes of this section, the term examination includes periods of hospital observation when... accompanying the claim is not adequate for rating purposes, a Department of Veterans Affairs examination will...

7 CFR 4290.692 - Examination fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Examination fees. 4290.692 Section 4290.692... Recordkeeping, Reporting, and Examination Requirements for RBICs Examinations of Rbics by the Secretary for Regulatory Compliance § 4290.692 Examination fees. (a) General. The Secretary will assess fees for...

46 CFR 11.709 - Annual physical examination requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Annual physical examination requirements. 11.709 Section... REQUIREMENTS FOR OFFICER ENDORSEMENTS Professional Requirements for Pilots § 11.709 Annual physical examination... physical examination each year. (c) Each annual physical examination must meet the requirements specified...

46 CFR 11.709 - Annual physical examination requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Annual physical examination requirements. 11.709 Section... REQUIREMENTS FOR OFFICER ENDORSEMENTS Professional Requirements for Pilots § 11.709 Annual physical examination... physical examination each year. (c) Each annual physical examination must meet the requirements specified...

46 CFR 11.709 - Annual physical examination requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Annual physical examination requirements. 11.709 Section... REQUIREMENTS FOR OFFICER ENDORSEMENTS Professional Requirements for Pilots § 11.709 Annual physical examination... physical examination each year. (c) Each annual physical examination must meet the requirements specified...

46 CFR 11.709 - Annual physical examination requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Annual physical examination requirements. 11.709 Section... REQUIREMENTS FOR OFFICER ENDORSEMENTS Professional Requirements for Pilots § 11.709 Annual physical examination... physical examination each year. (c) Each annual physical examination must meet the requirements specified...

47 CFR 13.203 - Examination elements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Examination elements. (a) A written examination (written Element) must prove that the examinee possesses the... pass the examination. Each written examination must consist of questions relating to the pertinent... knowledge of English to be able to express oneself satisfactorily both orally and in writing; knowledge of...

47 CFR 13.203 - Examination elements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Examination elements. (a) A written examination (written Element) must prove that the examinee possesses the... pass the examination. Each written examination must consist of questions relating to the pertinent... knowledge of English to be able to express oneself satisfactorily both orally and in writing; knowledge of...

Simple Versus Elaborate Feedback in a Nursing Science Course

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Elder, Betty L.; Brooks, David W.

2008-08-01

Feedback techniques, including computer-assisted feedback, have had mixed results in improving student learning outcomes. This project addresses the effect of type of feedback, simple or elaborate, for both short-term comprehension and long-term outcomes. A sample of 75 graduate nursing students was given a total of ten examinations. Four examinations provided tutorials in which the students received one of two types of feedback, simple or elaborate. Five examinations provided tutorials with no feedback. A comprehensive final examination compared initial content and final scores. This study found no significant differences between the types of feedback the students received. The mean scores were significantly higher on the four examinations where the students received feedback than on the five examinations with no feedback on tutorials. The comparison between the individual examinations and the similar content portion of the final examination indicated a significant drop in each of the four examinations where feedback was given and a significant improvement in four of the five examinations where no feedback was given.

Body Esteem and Self–examination in British Men and Women

PubMed Central

Brewer, Gayle; Dewhurst, Anne M.

2013-01-01

Background: Breast and testicular cancers affect a substantial and increasing proportion of the global population. Self-examination encourages early detection and treatment of these cancers, which positively impacts on patient quality of life and survival. Methods: The present study investigated the role of body esteem in breast and testicular self-examination. Men (N = 60) and women (N = 90) recruited from a British University completed the body esteem scale and either the testicular self-examination or breast self-examination questionnaire. Results: Logistic regression models revealed that body esteem predicted women's intention to engage in breast self-examination. Women with higher levels of sexual attractiveness and those with lower levels of weight concern were more likely to report that they would regularly self-examine in the future. Body esteem did not however, distinguish between those women that did or did not currently self-examine or predict men's current or intended testicular self-examination. Conclusion: The findings have implications for the promotion of self-examination and highlight an emerging area of preventive health research. PMID:23930186

First-year medical students' willingness to participate in peer physical examination.

PubMed

Reid, Katharine J; Kgakololo, Meshak; Sutherland, Ruth M; Elliott, Susan L; Dodds, Agnes E

2012-01-01

There is little research on student attitudes toward participating in peer physical examination (PPE). This study explored first-year medical students' attitudes toward PPE and their willingness to participate in PPE before they had experience with PPE as part of their course. First-year medical students (n = 119) rated their willingness to participate in PPE for 15 body regions, with male or female peers, and when examining or being examined by others. Attitudes toward participating in PPE were also assessed. Low-sensitivity examinations (e.g., hands, head) in PPE were generally accepted by male and female students. Significant variation in willingness across different body regions was, however, evident for male and female students depending on the type of examination and their examination partner's gender. Students generally held positive attitudes toward participating in PPE as part of the course. Moreover, students with more positive attitudes provided higher ratings of willingness to participate in PPE for all examination types. Findings suggest high levels of willingness to participate in PPE for low-sensitivity examinations of the kind employed in university teaching contexts. Nonetheless, gender effects appear more complex than previously described, and for some regions of the body, there are subtle preferences for particular examination types, in particular performing examinations, rather than being examined.

Application of a Musical Whistling Certificate Examination System as a Group Examination

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mori, Mikio; Ogihara, Mitsuhiro; Sugahara, Shin-Ichi; Taniguchi, Shuji; Kato, Shozo; Araki, Chikahiro

Recently, some professional whistlers have set up music schools to teach musical whistling. However, so far, there is no licensed examination for musical whistling. In this paper, we propose an examination system for evaluating musical whistling. The system conducts an examination in musical whistling on a personal computer (PC). It can be used to award four grades, from the second to the fifth. These grades are designed according to the standards adopted by the school for musical whistling established by the Japanese professional whistler Moku-San. It is expected that the group examination of this examination is held in the examination center where other general certification examinations are held. Thus, the influence of the whistle sound on the PC microphone normally used should be considered. For this purpose, we examined the feasibility of using a bone-conductive microphone for a musical whistling certificate examination system. This paper shows that the proposed system in which bone-transmitted sounds are considered gives good performance under a noisy environment, as demonstrated in a group examination of musical whistling using bone-transmitted sounds. The timing of a candidates whistling tends to not match because the applause sound output from the PC was inaudible for a person older than 60 years.

The historic predictive value of Canadian orthopedic surgery residents' orthopedic in-training examination scores on their success on the RCPSC certification examination.

PubMed

Yen, David; Athwal, George S; Cole, Gary

2014-08-01

Positive correlation between the orthopedic in-training examination (OITE) and success in the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery examination has been reported. Canadian training programs in internal medicine, anesthesiology and urology have found a positive correlation between in-training examination scores and performance on the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC) certification examination. We sought to determine the potential predictive value of the OITE scores of Canadian orthopedic surgery residents on their success on their RCPSC examinations. A total of 118 Canadian orthopedic surgery residents had their annual OITE scores during their 5 years of training matched to the RCPSC examination oral and multiple-choice questions and to overall examination pass/fail scores. We calculated Pearson correlations between the in-training examination for each postgraduate year and the certification oral and multiple-choice questions and pass/fail marks. There was a predictive association between the OITE and success on the RCPSC examination. The association was strongest between the OITE and the written multiple-choice examination and weakest between the OITE and the overall examination pass/fail marks. Overall, the OITE was able to provide useful feedback to Canadian orthopedic surgery residents and their training programs in preparing them for their RCPSC examinations. However, when these data were collected, truly normative data based on a Canadian sample were not available. Further study is warranted based on a more refined analysis of the OITE, which is now being produced and includes normative percentile data based on Canadian residents.

The sensitivity and specificity of the neurological examination in polyneuropathy patients with clinical and electrophysiological correlations.

PubMed

Abraham, Alon; Alabdali, Majed; Alsulaiman, Abdulla; Albulaihe, Hana; Breiner, Ari; Katzberg, Hans D; Aljaafari, Danah; Lovblom, Leif E; Bril, Vera

2017-01-01

Polyneuropathy is one of the most prevalent neurologic disorders. Although several studies explored the role of the neurological examination in polyneuropathy, they were mostly restricted to specific subgroups of patients and have not correlated examination findings with symptoms and electrophysiological results. To explore the sensitivity and specificity of different neurological examination components in patients with diverse etiologies for polyneuropathy, find the most sensitive combination of examination components for polyneuropathy detection, and correlate examination findings with symptoms and electrophysiological results. Patients with polyneuropathy attending the neuromuscular clinic from 01/2013 to 09/2015 were evaluated. Inclusion criteria included symptomatic polyneuropathy, which was confirmed by electrophysiological studies. 47 subjects with no symptoms or electrophysiological findings suggestive for polyneuropathy, served as controls. The total cohort included 312 polyneuropathy patients, with a mean age of 60±14 years. Abnormal examination was found in 95%, most commonly sensory findings (86%). The most common abnormal examination components were impaired ankle reflexes (74%), vibration (73%), and pinprick (72%) sensation. Combining ankle reflex examination with vibration or pinprick perception had the highest sensitivity, of 88%. The specificities of individual examination component were generally high, excluding ankle reflexes (62%), and vibration perception (77%). Abnormal examination findings were correlated with symptomatic weakness and worse electrophysiological parameters. The neurological examination is a valid, sensitive and specific tool for diagnosing polyneuropathy, and findings correlate with polyneuropathy severity. Ankle reflex examination combined with either vibration or pinprick sensory testing is the most sensitive combination for diagnosing polyneuropathy, and should be considered minimal essential components of the physical examination in patients with suspected polyneuropathy.

[Peer teaching and peer assessment are appropriate tools in medical education in otorhinolaryngology].

PubMed

Kemper, M; Linke, J; Zahnert, T; Neudert, M

2014-06-01

The use of student tutors (peers) is an accepted method in medical education. In 2011, final year students of the otorhinolaryngology (ORL) department of the University Hospital in Dresden were appointed as peers for the clinical ORL examination. They assisted in the instruction of the clinical ORL examination (peer teaching, PT) and served as examiners (peer assessment, PA) in the final objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). The effect on the quality of education and examination was examined. 248 medical students (5(th) year) were divided in 2 groups. They were trained and finally examined in the standardized clinical ORL examination by peers and/or physicians. Group I (n=118) was exclusively trained and examined by physicians and group II (n=130) by peers and physicians. The results of the OSCE were stratified for the 2 groups and in group II for the subgroups according to the instructors' and examiners' qualification (peer or physician). The students evaluated the internship and the instructors' and examiners' quality with a validated questionnaire. In the OSCE, group I scored in the mean 59.9±4.9 points (max. 65). In group II the mean score was 58.3±4.3 points examined by the peers and 59.5±4.8 points for same performance assessed by the physicians. There were no statistical significant differences in the examination results when stratified for the instructors' and examiners' qualification. The evaluation results were consistently positive and identical when compared to the previous year without use of PT and PA and between the 2 groups and subgroups. When using a standardized clinical examination routine peers can be used for PT and PA to appropriate tools in student's medical education without any decrease in the teaching and examination quality. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Student performance of the general physical examination in internal medicine: an observational study.

PubMed

Haring, Catharina M; Cools, Bernadette M; van der Meer, Jos Wm; Postma, Cornelis T

2014-04-08

Many practicing physicians lack skills in physical examination. It is not known whether physical examination skills already show deficiencies after an early phase of clinical training. At the end of the internal medicine clerkship students are expected to be able to perform a general physical examination in every new patient encounter. In a previous study, the basic physical examination items that should standardly be performed were set by consensus. The aim of the current observational study was to assess whether medical students were able to correctly perform a general physical examination regarding completeness as well as technique at the end of the clerkship internal medicine. One hundred students who had just finished their clerkship internal medicine were asked to perform a general physical examination on a standardized patient as they had learned during the clerkship. They were recorded on camera. Frequency of performance of each component of the physical examination was counted. Adequacy of performance was determined as either correct or incorrect or not assessable using a checklist of short descriptions of each physical examination component. A reliability analysis was performed by calculation of the intra class correlation coefficient for total scores of five physical examinations rated by three trained physicians and for their agreement on performance of all items. Approximately 40% of the agreed standard physical examination items were not performed by the students. Students put the most emphasis on examination of general parameters, heart, lungs and abdomen. Many components of the physical examination were not performed as was taught during precourses. Intra-class correlation was high for total scores of the physical examinations 0.91 (p <0.001) and for agreement on performance of the five physical examinations (0.79-0.92 p <0.001). In conclusion, performance of the general physical examination was already below expectation at the end of the internal medicine clerkship. Possible causes and suggestions for improvement are discussed.

Exploration of the attitudes of nursing students to peer physical examination and physical examination of patients.

PubMed

Wearn, Andy M; Bhoopatkar, Harsh; Mathew, Thomas K; Stewart, Lisa

2013-08-01

The use of peer physical examination (PPE) in early clinical skills has been studied amongst medical students. The majority of students are comfortable with using peer physical examination, when sensitive areas are excluded. Students' attitudes are related to their personal characteristics: gender, age, religious faith, and ethnicity. There is no data on nursing students' attitudes to peer physical examination. Identify and explore: Dual cohort, cross-sectional, anonymous survey. Three-year undergraduate nursing programme, skills centre and service clinical learning. All first and third year nursing students were asked to complete a modified Examining Fellow Students questionnaire at the end of 2008. The questionnaire asked students to indicate which of 12 body areas they would not be willing to examine/have examined by a peer of the same/opposite gender. This study also asked students which of the 12 body areas they felt uncomfortable examining on patients. The response rate was 76% (128/168). The students were predominantly female (93% female; 7% male). Most students were comfortable with examining non-sensitive body regions of peers (78.2%-100% willing) and patients (92.3-100% willing). Male gender was significantly associated with willingness to examine and be examined by peers (p=0.001); Asian students were significantly less willing to engage in peer physical examination with opposite gender (p<0.007). Year 3 students were significantly more comfortable than Year 1 in examining patients of either gender (p<0.001). In spite of the male gender findings, this predominantly female population expresses similar attitudes to the gender-balanced medical student studies - high acceptability for non-sensitive areas. The role of characteristics and attitudes to peer physical examination shows similarities and differences to other studies. Student characteristics were not related to patient examination attitudes. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Student performance of the general physical examination in internal medicine: an observational study

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background Many practicing physicians lack skills in physical examination. It is not known whether physical examination skills already show deficiencies after an early phase of clinical training. At the end of the internal medicine clerkship students are expected to be able to perform a general physical examination in every new patient encounter. In a previous study, the basic physical examination items that should standardly be performed were set by consensus. The aim of the current observational study was to assess whether medical students were able to correctly perform a general physical examination regarding completeness as well as technique at the end of the clerkship internal medicine. Methods One hundred students who had just finished their clerkship internal medicine were asked to perform a general physical examination on a standardized patient as they had learned during the clerkship. They were recorded on camera. Frequency of performance of each component of the physical examination was counted. Adequacy of performance was determined as either correct or incorrect or not assessable using a checklist of short descriptions of each physical examination component. A reliability analysis was performed by calculation of the intra class correlation coefficient for total scores of five physical examinations rated by three trained physicians and for their agreement on performance of all items. Results Approximately 40% of the agreed standard physical examination items were not performed by the students. Students put the most emphasis on examination of general parameters, heart, lungs and abdomen. Many components of the physical examination were not performed as was taught during precourses. Intra-class correlation was high for total scores of the physical examinations 0.91 (p <0.001) and for agreement on performance of the five physical examinations (0.79-0.92 p <0.001). Conclusions In conclusion, performance of the general physical examination was already below expectation at the end of the internal medicine clerkship. Possible causes and suggestions for improvement are discussed. PMID:24712683

20 CFR 220.61 - Informing the examining physician or psychologist of examination scheduling, report content and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... psychologist of examination scheduling, report content and signature requirements. 220.61 Section 220.61... examination scheduling, report content and signature requirements. Consulting physicians or psychologists will... needed), not every element is required. (d) Signature requirements. All consultative examination reports...

38 CFR 18b.58 - Cross-examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Cross-examination. 18b.58... Procedures § 18b.58 Cross-examination. A witness may be cross-examined on any matter material to the proceeding without regard to the scope of his direct examination. ...

46 CFR 176.635 - Preliminary examination requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Preliminary examination requirements. 176.635 Section... (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 176.635 Preliminary examination requirements. (a) If you exclusively use divers to examine the underwater hull plating, you must...

5 CFR 300.201 - Examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Examinations. 300.201 Section 300.201...) Examinations and Related Subjects § 300.201 Examinations. (a) The Office makes available information that will... examinations. This includes the types of questions and the categories of knowledge or skill pertinent to a...

5 CFR 339.303 - Examination procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Examination procedures. 339.303 Section... QUALIFICATION DETERMINATIONS Medical Examinations § 339.303 Examination procedures. (a) When an agency orders or offers a medical examination under this subpart, it must inform the applicant or employee in writing of...

46 CFR 115.645 - Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Procedure. 115.645... AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 115.645 Alternative Hull Examination (AHE... underwater hull plating and a detailed examination of all hull welds, propellers, tailshafts, rudders, and...

The Oral Speech Mechanism Screening Examination (OSMSE).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

St. Louis, Kenneth O.; Ruscello, Dennis M.

Although speech-language pathologists are expected to be able to administer and interpret oral examinations, there are currently no screening tests available that provide careful administration instructions and data for intra-examiner and inter-examiner reliability. The Oral Speech Mechanism Screening Examination (OSMSE) is designed primarily for…

10 CFR 709.12 - Defining polygraph examination questions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Protection of National Security § 709.12 Defining polygraph examination questions. The examiner determines the exact wording of the polygraph questions based on the examiner's pretest interview of the covered... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Defining polygraph examination questions. 709.12 Section...

10 CFR 709.12 - Defining polygraph examination questions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Protection of National Security § 709.12 Defining polygraph examination questions. The examiner determines the exact wording of the polygraph questions based on the examiner's pretest interview of the covered... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Defining polygraph examination questions. 709.12 Section...

An Optometric Clinical Practicum Examination Model.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eskridge, Jess B.

1979-01-01

A practical clinical examination model for use by state board examiners in optometry is described including purpose, format, examination design, procedures, evaluation examples and administration. (JMF)

46 CFR 169.234 - Integral fuel oil tank examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... operator of the vessel shall have the tanks cleaned out and gas freed as necessary to permit internal... an examination of the fuel tanks of each vessel during an internal structural examination at... and internally examined if the marine inspector is able to determine by external examination that the...

37 CFR 41.39 - Examiner's answer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 37 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Examiner's answer. 41.39... COMMERCE PRACTICE BEFORE THE BOARD OF PATENT APPEALS AND INTERFERENCES Ex Parte Appeals § 41.39 Examiner's... appealable action, the primary examiner shall make such determination of record. (2) An examiner's answer may...

Sixth Form Examining Methods.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schools Council, London (England).

The methods of examining in the sixth form of secondary education in England and Wales is the basis for discussion by subject committees of the Schools Council. Special reference is made to internal examinations, oral assessments, teacher's assessments, the relaxing of the time limits for examination, and the use of aids during examinations. The…

12 CFR 507.3 - What post-employment restrictions apply to senior examiners?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... senior examiners? 507.3 Section 507.3 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RESTRICTIONS ON POST-EMPLOYMENT ACTIVITIES OF SENIOR EXAMINERS § 507.3 What post-employment restrictions apply to senior examiners? (a) Prohibition. (1) Senior examiner of savings association. An...

7 CFR 15.118 - Cross-examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Cross-examination. 15.118 Section 15.118 Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture NONDISCRIMINATION Rules of Practice and Procedure for Hearings...-examination. Cross-examination will be limited to the scope of direct examination and matters at issue in the...

42 CFR 21.53 - Examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Examination. 21.53 Section 21.53 Public Health... Appointment § 21.53 Examination. The examination of candidates for original appointment as officers to any... education and their training and experience. In the discretion of the Surgeon General the examination of any...

21 CFR 880.6265 - Examination gown.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Examination gown. 880.6265 Section 880.6265 Food... § 880.6265 Examination gown. (a) Identification. An examination gown is a device intended for medical... covering during a medical examination. (b) Classification. Class I (general controls). The device is exempt...

46 CFR 189.35-7 - Examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Examinations. 189.35-7 Section 189.35-7 Shipping COAST... CERTIFICATION Weight Handling Gear § 189.35-7 Examinations. (a) Examination of weight handling gear will normally consist of a visual examination with access covers removed. Suitability of the equipment for the...

A Matter of Exposition: Examination and Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schröder, Sabrina; Thompson, Christiane

2015-01-01

While current literature on examination and testing mostly engages with the objectivity of exams and their procedural logic, this article is concerned with the 'ethical dimension' of examination: Examinations provoke a particular relation to oneself, possibly self-transformation. The praxis of examination entails self-confrontation in the light of…

46 CFR 91.40-1 - Definitions relating to hull examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions relating to hull examinations. 91.40-1... VESSELS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Drydocking § 91.40-1 Definitions relating to hull examinations. As...-hull fittings. (b) Internal structural examination means an examination of the vessel while afloat or...

46 CFR 176.655 - Hull examination reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull examination reports. 176.655 Section 176.655... TONS) INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 176.655 Hull examination reports. (a) If you use only divers for the underwater survey portion of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE...

46 CFR 115.655 - Hull examination reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull examination reports. 115.655 Section 115.655... CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 115.655 Hull examination reports. (a) If you use only divers for the underwater survey portion of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE), you must provide the Officer...

20 CFR 718.104 - Report of physical examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Report of physical examinations. 718.104... of physical examinations. (a) A report of any physical examination conducted in connection with a... report of physical examination may be based on any other procedures such as electrocardiogram, blood-gas...

42 CFR 34.5 - Postponement of medical examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Postponement of medical examination. 34.5 Section 34.5 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICAL CARE AND EXAMINATIONS MEDICAL EXAMINATION OF ALIENS § 34.5 Postponement of medical examination. Whenever, upon an...

49 CFR 452.1 - Periodic examination required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.1 Periodic examination required. (a) Except as provided for in § 452.7, each owner of an approved container subject to this part shall examine the container or have it examined in accordance with the procedures prescribed in § 452.3...

49 CFR 452.1 - Periodic examination required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.1 Periodic examination required. (a) Except as provided for in § 452.7, each owner of an approved container subject to this part shall examine the container or have it examined in accordance with the procedures prescribed in § 452.3...

49 CFR 452.1 - Periodic examination required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.1 Periodic examination required. (a) Except as provided for in § 452.7, each owner of an approved container subject to this part shall examine the container or have it examined in accordance with the procedures prescribed in § 452.3...

49 CFR 452.1 - Periodic examination required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.1 Periodic examination required. (a) Except as provided for in § 452.7, each owner of an approved container subject to this part shall examine the container or have it examined in accordance with the procedures prescribed in § 452.3...

49 CFR 452.1 - Periodic examination required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.1 Periodic examination required. (a) Except as provided for in § 452.7, each owner of an approved container subject to this part shall examine the container or have it examined in accordance with the procedures prescribed in § 452.3...

Reframing Doctoral Examination as Teaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kumar, Vijay; Stracke, Elke

2018-01-01

Doctoral examiners judge the quality of a thesis and give the student assessment feedback if the student fails to reach certain goals. This paper investigates if and how examiners take on the evaluator or teaching role. We analysed doctoral examination reports from three disciplines. Most examiners provided assessment and feedback, but this often…

46 CFR 162.039-6 - Examinations, tests, and inspections.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Examinations, tests, and inspections. 162.039-6 Section..., Marine Type § 162.039-6 Examinations, tests, and inspections. (a) Full examinations, tests, and... such examinations, inspections, and tests as to satisfy himself that the quality assurance program of...

Laughing through this pain: medical clowning during examination of sexually abused children: an innovative approach.

PubMed

Tener, Dafna; Lev-Wiesel, Rachel; Franco, Nessia Lang; Ofir, Shoshi

2010-03-01

This study examined the role of medical clowns during medical examinations of children who were sexually abused. Three case studies are described, illustrating diverse interactions among the victimized child, the medical clown, and the medical forensical examiner during medical forensic examinations held at the Tene Center for Sexually Abused Children, Poria-Pade Medical Center, Israel. The results indicated that medical clowns play a unique role both in lowering anxiety and fear among children before and during the unpleasant forensic examination as well as in mitigating potential retraumatization of the sexual abuse event resulting from the medical examination. The medical clown was found to assist in creating a pleasant and calm atmosphere, thus improving the child's cooperation during the examination.

[A series about the value of physical examination].

PubMed

de Jongh, T O H; Zaat, J O M

2010-01-01

This article is the introduction to a new series in the Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde about the value of physical examination. Associated with this series, on the website (www.ntvg.nl) there are chapters of the new textbook on physical examination and films about carrying out physical examinations. Although physical examination is an essential part of the diagnostic process, often little attention is paid to the correct execution of the examination and there is insufficient knowledge of the value of the findings. The diagnostic process usually involves analysing all the information from the patient's history and a physical examination. However, research has only been done on the value of specific tests and even that is very limited. The most important measure we use for the results of a physical examination is the likelihood ratio, which shows how the likelihood of presence or absence of a disease changes depending on the examination results.

Student performance on practical gross anatomy examinations is not affected by assessment modality.

PubMed

Meyer, Amanda J; Innes, Stanley I; Stomski, Norman J; Armson, Anthony J

2016-01-01

Anatomical education is becoming modernized, not only in its teaching and learning, but also in its assessment formats. Traditional "steeplechase" examinations are being replaced with online gross anatomy examinations. The aims of this study were to: (1) determine if online anatomy practical examinations are equivalent to traditional anatomy practical examinations; and (2) to examine if students' perceptions of the online or laboratory testing environments influenced their performance on the examinations. In phase one, 10 third-year students were interviewed to generate perception items to which five anatomy lecturers assigned content validity. In phase two, students' gross anatomical knowledge was assessed by examinations in two modes and their perceptions were examined using the devised survey instrument. Forty-five second-year chiropractic students voluntarily participated in Phase Two. The two randomly allocated groups completed the examinations in a sequential cross-over manner. Student performance on the gross anatomy examination was not different between traditional "steeplechase" (mean ± standard deviation (SD): 69 ± 11%) and online (68 ± 15%) modes. The majority of students (87%) agreed that they felt comfortable using computers for gross anatomy examinations. However, fewer students found it easy to orientate images of cadaver specimens online. The majority of students (85%) agreed that they felt comfortable working with cadavers but there was less agreement on the effect of moving around the laboratory during practical examinations. This data will allow anatomists to confidently implement online assessments without fear of jeopardizing academic rigor or student performance. © 2015 American Association of Anatomists.

A Practical Concussion Physical Examination Toolbox.

PubMed

Matuszak, Jason M; McVige, Jennifer; McPherson, Jacob; Willer, Barry; Leddy, John

With heightened awareness of concussion, there is a need to assess and manage the concussed patient in a consistent manner. Unfortunately, concussion physical examination has not been standardized or supported by evidence. Important questions remain about the physical examination. Review of ClinicalKey, Cochrane, MEDLINE, and PubMed prior to July 2015 was performed using search terms, including concussion, mTBI, physical examination, mental status, cranial nerves, reflexes, cervical, vestibular, and oculomotor. The references of the pertinent articles were reviewed for other relevant sources. Clinical review. Level 3. The pertinent physical examination elements for concussion include evaluation of cranial nerves, manual muscle testing, and deep tendon reflexes; inspecting the head and neck for trauma or tenderness and cervical range of motion; Spurling maneuver; a static or dynamic balance assessment; screening ocular examination; and a mental status examination that includes orientation, immediate and delayed recall, concentration, mood, affect, insight, and judgment. Other examination elements to consider, based on signs, symptoms, or clinical suspicion, include testing of upper motor neurons, cervical strength and proprioception, coordination, pupillary reactivity, and visual acuity; examination of the jaw, temporomandibular joint, and thoracic spine; fundoscopic evaluation; orthostatic vital signs; assessment of dynamic visual acuity; and screening for depression, anxiety, substance abuse disorders, and preinjury psychiatric difficulties. Various elements of the physical examination, such as screening ocular examination, cervical musculoskeletal examination, static and/or dynamic balance assessment, and mental status examination, appear to have utility for evaluating concussion; however, data on validity are lacking.

Improving the Medical Assessment of Patients Before Electroconvulsive Therapy: An Audit Across Two Sites.

PubMed

Driver, Hannah R

2016-06-01

It is essential that a medical assessment is completed before commencing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) to identify possible risk factors that may complicate anesthesia. This audit aimed to improve the physical examination and documented medical history of this assessment usually performed by referring psychiatrists. Patients from 2 sites (A and B) were retrospectively audited against standards from the Scottish ECT Accreditation Network. The timing and systems examined for the physical examination were noted. Site A used an examination sheet; at site B there was no standard way of recording examination. Documented medical histories were compared with comprehensive histories obtained using multiple sources. Discrepancies were noted. Site A was reaudited after amending the examination sheet and adding prompts to use multiple sources when gathering histories. There were repeat examinations for ECT in 30 patients (100%) at site A and 6 (23%) of 26 at site B. Physical examinations were incomplete in 47% of patients at A and 100% at B. Oral examination was frequently missed at both sites. Medical histories were accurate in 20% at A and 38% at B. In the reaudit of site A, all 12 patients had a complete repeat examination; histories were accurate in 8 (67%), with multiple sources used in 11 (92%). Incomplete or inaccurate assessments put patients at risk. Oral examinations should be part of initial medical assessments. This audit shows the benefits of using a physical examination sheet to ensure a repeat complete examination. Using multiple sources to gather medical histories is encouraged.

Patients' experience of outsourcing and care related to magnetic resonance examinations.

PubMed

Tavakol Olofsson, Parvin; Aspelin, Peter; Bergstrand, Lott; Blomqvist, Lennart

2014-11-01

Outsourcing radiological examinations from public university hospitals affects the patient, who has to attend a different clinic or hospital for the radiological examination. We currently have a limited understanding of how patients view outsourcing and their care related to MR examinations. To examine the experiences of patients who are sent to private radiology units when their referrals for MR examinations are outsourced from a university hospital, as well as to explore factors which influence patient satisfaction regarding the quality of care related to the MR examination. A group of patients (n = 160) referred for MR examinations and either examined at a university hospital or at an external private unit were interviewed. The interview was designed as a verbal questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Student's t test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson's correlation. Sixty-nine percent of the patients could neither choose nor influence the location at which they were examined. For those who could, aspects that influenced the patient's choice of radiology department were: short waiting time 79% (127/160), ease of traveling to the radiology department 68% (110/160), and short distance to their home or work 58% (93/160). For 40% (60/160) of the patients, a short time in the waiting room was related to a positive experience of the MR examination. If patients were informed about outsourcing and could also choose where to have their examination, key factors contributing to patient satisfaction could be met even when MR examinations are outsourced.

Evaluation of the relationship between urodynamic examination and urinary tract infection based on urinalysis results.

PubMed

Tsai, Shih-Wei; Kung, Fu-Tsai; Chuang, Fei-Chi; Ou, Yu-Che; Wu, Chia-Jen; Huang, Kuan-Hui

2013-12-01

To determine risk factors for urinary tract infection (UTI) after urodynamic examination by evaluating patients' clinical characteristics and urodynamic parameters. Two hundred and sixty-one female patients (mean age 58.7 ± 12.3 years) from May to December 2011 who had lower urinary tract symptoms or needed definite diagnosis before pelvic floor reconstruction or anti-incontinence surgery received urodynamic examination. All patients received urinalysis on the scheduled day of urodynamic examination and 3 days after urodynamic examination. Mid-stream urine samples were obtained for urinalysis before urodynamic examination. If patients had UTI based on our urinalysis criteria before urodynamic examination, the investigation was postponed until the patient had a 3-7-day course of antibiotic treatment and urinalysis showed no UTI. Among 261 patients, 19 and 51 patients had UTI before and after urodynamic examination, respectively. Our data suggest that urodynamic examination causes significantly increased incidence of UTI. Increased number of vaginal births, UTI before investigation, diabetes and decreased average flow rate are risk factors for UTI after urodynamic examination. When the prevalence of UTI after urodynamic examination is higher than 10%, we recommend that prophylactic antibiotics should be given for high-risk patients with parameters such as older age, diabetes and multipara (>3). Those who have UTI before urodynamic examination and who are found to have a low average flow rate of less than 7 mL/second should take prophylactic antibiotics after examination. Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier B.V.

A multicenter analysis of the ophthalmic knowledge assessment program and American Board of Ophthalmology written qualifying examination performance.

PubMed

Lee, Andrew G; Oetting, Thomas A; Blomquist, Preston H; Bradford, Geoffrey; Culican, Susan M; Kloek, Carolyn; Krishnan, Chandrasekharan; Lauer, Andreas K; Levi, Leah; Naseri, Ayman; Rubin, Steven E; Scott, Ingrid U; Tao, Jeremiah; Tuli, Sonal; Wright, Martha M; Wudunn, Darrell; Zimmerman, M Bridget

2012-10-01

To compare the performance on the American Board of Ophthalmology Written Qualifying Examination (WQE) with the performance on step 1 of the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) and the Ophthalmic Knowledge Assessment Program (OKAP) examination for residents in multiple residency programs. Comparative case series. Fifteen residency programs with 339 total residents participated in this study. The data were extracted from the 5-year American Board of Ophthalmology report to each participating program in 2009 and included residency graduating classes from 2003 through 2007. Residents were included if data were available for the USMLE, OKAP examination in ophthalmology years 1 through 3, and the WQE score. Residents were excluded if one or more of the test scores were not available. Two-sample t tests, logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to examine the association of the various tests (USMLE, OKAP examination year 1, OKAP examination year 2, OKAP examination year 3, and maximum OKAP examination score) as a predictor for a passing or failing grade on the WQE. The primary outcome measure of this study was first time pass rate for the WQE. Using ROC analysis, the OKAP examination taken at the third year of ophthalmology residency best predicted performance on the WQE. For the OKAP examination taken during the third year of residency, the probability of passing the WQE was at least 80% for a score of 35 or higher and at least 95% for a score of 72 or higher. The OKAP examination, especially in the third year of residency, can be useful to residents to predict the likelihood of success on the high-stakes WQE examination. Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The sensitivity and specificity of the neurological examination in polyneuropathy patients with clinical and electrophysiological correlations

PubMed Central

Alabdali, Majed; Alsulaiman, Abdulla; Albulaihe, Hana; Breiner, Ari; Katzberg, Hans D.; Aljaafari, Danah; Lovblom, Leif E.; Bril, Vera

2017-01-01

Introduction Polyneuropathy is one of the most prevalent neurologic disorders. Although several studies explored the role of the neurological examination in polyneuropathy, they were mostly restricted to specific subgroups of patients and have not correlated examination findings with symptoms and electrophysiological results. Objectives To explore the sensitivity and specificity of different neurological examination components in patients with diverse etiologies for polyneuropathy, find the most sensitive combination of examination components for polyneuropathy detection, and correlate examination findings with symptoms and electrophysiological results. Methods Patients with polyneuropathy attending the neuromuscular clinic from 01/2013 to 09/2015 were evaluated. Inclusion criteria included symptomatic polyneuropathy, which was confirmed by electrophysiological studies. 47 subjects with no symptoms or electrophysiological findings suggestive for polyneuropathy, served as controls. Results The total cohort included 312 polyneuropathy patients, with a mean age of 60±14 years. Abnormal examination was found in 95%, most commonly sensory findings (86%). The most common abnormal examination components were impaired ankle reflexes (74%), vibration (73%), and pinprick (72%) sensation. Combining ankle reflex examination with vibration or pinprick perception had the highest sensitivity, of 88%. The specificities of individual examination component were generally high, excluding ankle reflexes (62%), and vibration perception (77%). Abnormal examination findings were correlated with symptomatic weakness and worse electrophysiological parameters. Conclusion The neurological examination is a valid, sensitive and specific tool for diagnosing polyneuropathy, and findings correlate with polyneuropathy severity. Ankle reflex examination combined with either vibration or pinprick sensory testing is the most sensitive combination for diagnosing polyneuropathy, and should be considered minimal essential components of the physical examination in patients with suspected polyneuropathy. PMID:28249029

NBME subject examination in surgery scores correlate with surgery clerkship clinical experience.

PubMed

Myers, Jonathan A; Vigneswaran, Yalini; Gabryszak, Beth; Fogg, Louis F; Francescatti, Amanda B; Golner, Christine; Bines, Steven D

2014-01-01

Most medical schools in the United States use the National Board of Medical Examiners Subject Examinations as a method of at least partial assessment of student performance, yet there is still uncertainty of how well these examination scores correlate with clinical proficiency. Thus, we investigated which factors in a surgery clerkship curriculum have a positive effect on academic achievement on the National Board of Medical Examiners Subject Examination in Surgery. A retrospective analysis of 83 third-year medical students at our institution with 4 unique clinical experiences on the general surgery clerkship for the 2007-2008 academic year was conducted. Records of the United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 scores, National Board of Medical Examiners Subject Examination in Surgery scores, and essay examination scores for the groups were compared using 1-way analysis of variance testing. Rush University Medical Center, Chicago IL, an academic institution and tertiary care center. Our data demonstrated National Board of Medical Examiners Subject Examination in Surgery scores from the group with the heavier clinical loads and least time for self-study were statistically higher than the group with lighter clinical services and higher rated self-study time (p = 0.036). However, there was no statistical difference of National Board of Medical Examiners Subject Examination in Surgery scores between the groups with equal clinical loads (p = 0.751). Students experiencing higher clinical volumes on surgical services, but less self-study time demonstrated statistically higher academic performance on objective evaluation, suggesting clinical experience may be of higher value than self-study and reading. Copyright © 2014 Association of Program Directors in Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Examiner Training and Reliability in Two Randomized Clinical Trials of Adult Dental Caries

PubMed Central

Banting, David W.; Amaechi, Bennett T.; Bader, James D.; Blanchard, Peter; Gilbert, Gregg H.; Gullion, Christina M.; Holland, Jan Carlton; Makhija, Sonia K.; Papas, Athena; Ritter, André V.; Singh, Mabi L.; Vollmer, William M.

2013-01-01

Objectives This report describes the training of dental examiners participating in two dental caries clinical trials and reports the inter- and intra- examiner reliability scores from the initial standardization sessions. Methods Study examiners were trained to use a modified ICDAS-II system to detect the visual signs of non-cavitated and cavitated dental caries in adult subjects. Dental caries was classified as no caries (S), non-cavitated caries (D1), enamel caries (D2) and dentine caries (D3). Three standardization sessions involving 60 subjects and 3604 tooth surface calls were used to calculate several measures of examiner reliability. Results The prevalence of dental caries observed in the standardization sessions ranged from 1.4% to 13.5% of the coronal tooth surfaces examined. Overall agreement between pairs of examiners ranged from 0.88 to 0.99. An intra-class coefficient threshold of 0.60 was surpassed for all but one examiner. Inter-examiner unweighted kappa values were low (0.23– 0.35) but weighted kappas and the ratio of observed to maximum kappas were more encouraging (0.42– 0.83). The highest kappa values occurred for the S/D1 vs. D2/D3 two-level classification of dental caries, for which seven of the eight examiners achieved observed to maximum kappa values over 0.90.Intra-examiner reliability was notably higher than inter-examiner reliability for all measures and dental caries classification systems employed. Conclusion The methods and results for the initial examiner training and standardization sessions for two large clinical trials are reported. Recommendations for others planning examiner training and standardization sessions are offered. PMID:22320292

How is shoulder ultrasound done in Italy? A survey of clinical practice.

PubMed

Zappia, Marcello; Aliprandi, Alberto; Pozza, Simona; Doniselli, Fabio Martino; Gitto, Salvatore; Sconfienza, Luca Maria

2016-12-01

To define when an ultrasound examination of the shoulder can be considered complete and how many examinations currently performed in Italy are actually complete according to that definition. Reports and images of previously performed ultrasound examinations of the shoulder of patients seen in 2014 for interventional procedures were reviewed for the following items, according to guidelines published by the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology: long biceps, subscapularis, supraspinatus, external rotators, acromioclavicular joint, subacromial bursa, subacromial space, coraco-acromial ligament, and the posterior recess. The first six items were considered mandatory in a complete shoulder ultrasound examination. The specialization of the performing physician was noted. The number of complete examinations performed by different physicians was compared with the number of incomplete examinations. We analyzed 324 examinations (212 women, 112 men; mean age = 47 ± 12 years). The most frequently reported item was the supraspinatus tendon (83 %), the least frequently reported was the posterior recess (3 %). The image that was most frequently found was the long head of the biceps tendon (77 %), the least frequently found was the coraco-acromial ligament (3 %). The median number of images/examination was 6 (25th-75th percentiles, range 4-9). The mean number of unrecognizable images was 3 (2-4). A radiologist performed the examination in 269 patients (83 %). The rate of complete examinations was 47 %. The number of complete examinations performed by physicians from different specialties was not significantly different from that of incomplete examinations (P = 0.228). Complete shoulder ultrasound examinations account for less than 50 % of those performed in clinical practice in some Italian regions. Standardized scanning protocols and structured reporting may help to improve this figure and consistency among providers performing these examinations.

The value of videotape in mock oral board examinations.

PubMed

Kozol, Robert; Giles, Matthew; Voytovich, Anthony

2004-01-01

To determine the impact on self-perception, of having residents view their own performance (taped) on mock oral board examinations. Self-evaluation-intervention-self-evaluation design. Third-, fourth-, and fifth-year residents evaluated themselves after each examination(room) during mock oral examinations. Residents reviewed the examination on videotape and re-evaluated themselves. University Medical Center. Twenty surgical residents from the third, fourth, and fifth years of training. Mean scores in 6 categories based on a 5-point Likert scale. Scores by examiners plus pre- and post-video viewing self-scores were compared. We found that residents consistently underestimated their performance on the examination. Viewing their videotapes resulted in revised self-scores, which were more consistent with scores of the examiners. All scores will be presented in sequence as follows: Mean score by examiners, mean self-score pre-tape viewing and mean self-score post-tape viewing. For professionalism, scores were 4.63, 4.15, and 4.43, p = 0.047. For organization, 3.91, 3.27, and 3.63, p = 0.007. For decision making, 4.02, 3.42, and 3.72, p = 0.033. P-values reflect the comparison of resident self-scores pre- and post-tape viewing. Analysis of variance comparison of scores in various rooms (different examiners) revealed no significant difference in scores based on rooms (different examiners). Evaluations according to rooms (different examiners) were not statistically different, supporting inter-rater reliability. There was consistent improvement in knowledge and decision making with advanced years of training, supporting internal validity of the examination. Videotape viewing results in revised resident self-scores, which are more consistent with scores given by the examiners. Tape viewing significantly affected resident self-scores in professionalism, organization, and decision-making.

Examiner training and reliability in two randomized clinical trials of adult dental caries.

PubMed

Banting, David W; Amaechi, Bennett T; Bader, James D; Blanchard, Peter; Gilbert, Gregg H; Gullion, Christina M; Holland, Jan Carlton; Makhija, Sonia K; Papas, Athena; Ritter, André V; Singh, Mabi L; Vollmer, William M

2011-01-01

This report describes the training of dental examiners participating in two dental caries clinical trials and reports the inter- and intra-examiner reliability scores from the initial standardization sessions. Study examiners were trained to use a modified International Caries Detection and Assessment System II system to detect the visual signs of non-cavitated and cavitated dental caries in adult subjects. Dental caries was classified as no caries (S), non-cavitated caries (D1), enamel caries (D2), and dentine caries (D3). Three standardization sessions involving 60 subjects and 3,604 tooth surface calls were used to calculate several measures of examiner reliability. The prevalence of dental caries observed in the standardization sessions ranged from 1.4 percent to 13.5 percent of the coronal tooth surfaces examined. Overall agreement between pairs of examiners ranged from 0.88 to 0.99. An intra-class coefficient threshold of 0.60 was surpassed for all but one examiner. Inter-examiner unweighted kappa values were low (0.23-0.35), but weighted kappas and the ratio of observed to maximum kappas were more encouraging (0.42-0.83). The highest kappa values occurred for the S/D1 versus D2/D3 two-level classification of dental caries, for which seven of the eight examiners achieved observed to maximum kappa values over 0.90. Intra-examiner reliability was notably higher than inter-examiner reliability for all measures and dental caries classifications employed. The methods and results for the initial examiner training and standardization sessions for two large clinical trials are reported. Recommendations for others planning examiner training and standardization sessions are offered. © 2011 American Association of Public Health Dentistry.

42 CFR 37.100 - Coal mine operator plan for medical examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Coal mine operator plan for medical examinations... MEDICAL CARE AND EXAMINATIONS SPECIFICATIONS FOR MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS OF COAL MINERS General Requirements § 37.100 Coal mine operator plan for medical examinations. (a) Each coal mine operator must submit and...

Exit Examinations, Peer Academic Climate, and Adolescents' Developmental Outcomes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Benner, Aprile D.

2013-01-01

Implications of high school exit examination performance were examined with a sample of 672 racial/ethnic minority students. Exit examination failure in the 10th grade was negatively linked to subsequent grade point average, school engagement, and school belonging one year later, controlling for outcomes prior to taking the examination.…

12 CFR 264a.3 - What special post-employment restrictions apply to senior examiners?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... to senior examiners? 264a.3 Section 264a.3 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM POST-EMPLOYMENT RESTRICTIONS FOR SENIOR EXAMINERS § 264a.3 What special post-employment restrictions apply to senior examiners? (a) Senior Examiners of State...

12 CFR 796.3 - What special post-employment restrictions apply to senior examiners?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... to senior examiners? 796.3 Section 796.3 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION... FOR CERTAIN NCUA EXAMINERS § 796.3 What special post-employment restrictions apply to senior examiners? (a) Senior examiners of federally insured credit unions. An officer or employee of the NCUA who...

45 CFR 81.79 - Cross-examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cross-examination. 81.79 Section 81.79 Public... UNDER PART 80 OF THIS TITLE Hearing Procedures § 81.79 Cross-examination. A witness may be cross-examined on any matter material to the proceeding without regard to the scope of his direct examination. ...

17 CFR 240.15Bc7-1 - Availability of examination reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Availability of examination... Availability of examination reports. (a) Upon written request, copies of any report of an examination of a... associated person that is the subject of a non-public examination report. (b) If information to be made...

46 CFR 71.50-3 - Drydock examination, internal structural examination, underwater survey, and alternate hull exam...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., underwater survey, and alternate hull exam intervals. 71.50-3 Section 71.50-3 Shipping COAST GUARD...-3 Drydock examination, internal structural examination, underwater survey, and alternate hull exam... wooden hulls must undergo two drydock and two internal structural examinations within any five year...

46 CFR 71.50-15 - Description of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program for certain passenger vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Description of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE... Description of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program for certain passenger vessels. The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program provides you with an alternative to a drydock examination by allowing...

46 CFR 176.620 - Description of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program for certain passenger vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Description of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE... Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 176.620 Description of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program for certain passenger vessels. The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program provides you with an...

Extended Essay Marking on Screen: Is Examiner Marking Accuracy Influenced by Marking Mode?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Martin; Hopkin, Rebecca; Shiell, Hannah; Bell, John F.

2012-01-01

In the UK and elsewhere, large-scale educational assessment agencies are shifting the mode of school examination marking towards having examiners mark examination scripts on screen rather than on paper. This shift has prompted questions about whether the mode of marking might influence examiner marking accuracy, particularly in relation to…

46 CFR 189.40-3 - Drydock examination, internal structural examination, cargo tank internal examination, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., cargo tank internal examination, and underwater survey intervals. 189.40-3 Section 189.40-3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS INSPECTION AND... examination, and underwater survey intervals. (a) Except as provided for in paragraphs (b) through (g) of this...

46 CFR 189.40-3 - Drydock examination, internal structural examination, cargo tank internal examination, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., cargo tank internal examination, and underwater survey intervals. 189.40-3 Section 189.40-3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS INSPECTION AND... examination, and underwater survey intervals. (a) Except as provided for in paragraphs (b) through (g) of this...

46 CFR 189.40-3 - Drydock examination, internal structural examination, cargo tank internal examination, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., cargo tank internal examination, and underwater survey intervals. 189.40-3 Section 189.40-3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS INSPECTION AND... examination, and underwater survey intervals. (a) Except as provided for in paragraphs (b) through (g) of this...

46 CFR 189.40-3 - Drydock examination, internal structural examination, cargo tank internal examination, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., cargo tank internal examination, and underwater survey intervals. 189.40-3 Section 189.40-3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS INSPECTION AND... examination, and underwater survey intervals. (a) Except as provided for in paragraphs (b) through (g) of this...

46 CFR 189.40-3 - Drydock examination, internal structural examination, cargo tank internal examination, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., cargo tank internal examination, and underwater survey intervals. 189.40-3 Section 189.40-3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS INSPECTION AND... examination, and underwater survey intervals. (a) Except as provided for in paragraphs (b) through (g) of this...

27 CFR 70.22 - Examination of books and witnesses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Examination of books and... Discovery of Liability and Enforcement of Laws Examination and Inspection § 70.22 Examination of books and... the Bureau, any appropriate TTB officer may examine any books, papers, records or other data which may...

27 CFR 70.22 - Examination of books and witnesses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Examination of books and... Discovery of Liability and Enforcement of Laws Examination and Inspection § 70.22 Examination of books and... officer may examine any books, papers, records or other data which may be relevant or material to such...

27 CFR 70.22 - Examination of books and witnesses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Examination of books and... Discovery of Liability and Enforcement of Laws Examination and Inspection § 70.22 Examination of books and... the Bureau, any appropriate TTB officer may examine any books, papers, records or other data which may...

27 CFR 70.22 - Examination of books and witnesses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Examination of books and... Discovery of Liability and Enforcement of Laws Examination and Inspection § 70.22 Examination of books and... the Bureau, any appropriate TTB officer may examine any books, papers, records or other data which may...

27 CFR 70.22 - Examination of books and witnesses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2012-04-01 2011-04-01 true Examination of books and... Discovery of Liability and Enforcement of Laws Examination and Inspection § 70.22 Examination of books and... the Bureau, any appropriate TTB officer may examine any books, papers, records or other data which may...

The utility of mock oral examinations in preparation for the American Board of Surgery certifying examination.

PubMed

Higgins, Rana M; Deal, Rebecca A; Rinewalt, Daniel; Hollinger, Edward F; Janssen, Imke; Poirier, Jennifer; Austin, Delores; Rendina, Megan; Francescatti, Amanda; Myers, Jonathan A; Millikan, Keith W; Luu, Minh B

2016-02-01

Determine the utility of mock oral examinations in preparation for the American Board of Surgery certifying examination (ABS CE). Between 2002 and 2012, blinded data were collected on 63 general surgery residents: 4th and 5th-year mock oral examination scores, first-time pass rates on ABS CE, and an online survey. Fifty-seven residents took the 4th-year mock oral examination: 30 (52.6%) passed and 27 (47.4%) failed, with first-time ABS CE pass rates 93.3% and 81.5% (P = .238). Fifty-nine residents took the 5th-year mock oral examination: 28 (47.5%) passed and 31 (52.5%) failed, with first-time ABS CE pass rates 82.1% and 93.5% (P = .240). Thirty-eight responded to the online survey, 77.1% ranked mock oral examinations as very or extremely helpful with ABS CE preparation. Although mock oral examinations and ABS CE passing rates do not directly correlate, residents perceive the mock oral examinations to be helpful. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A systematic review comparing open-book and closed-book examinations: Evaluating effects on development of critical thinking skills.

PubMed

Johanns, Beth; Dinkens, Amber; Moore, Jill

2017-11-01

The advantages of using traditional closed-book examinations are closely compared to the advantages of using open-book examinations for the development of critical thinking skills in nursing students. The use of critical thinking skills is vital among nurses to assess patient needs and modify standard approaches to individualize care for better patient outcomes. The following areas are compared and contrasted for both closed-book and open-book examinations: examination preparation, rote memorization versus active learning, intellectual engagement, simulation of working environment, higher order thinking skills, anxiety reduction and student satisfaction. During investigation of closed-book examinations and open-book examinations, the use of collaborative testing was unveiled. Collaborative testing combines areas from both closed-book and open-book examinations. Based on the systematic review of literature, the recommendation is to use a mixed method of examination types throughout the course of the nursing program. Each type of examination helps develop different skill sets in the nursing student. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A Five-Year Evaluation of Examination Structure in a Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy Course

PubMed Central

Kolar, Claire; Janke, Kristin K.

2015-01-01

Objective. To evaluate the composition and effectiveness as an assessment tool of a criterion-referenced examination comprised of clinical cases tied to practice decisions, to examine the effect of varying audience response system (ARS) questions on student examination preparation, and to articulate guidelines for structuring examinations to maximize evaluation of student learning. Design. Multiple-choice items developed over 5 years were evaluated using Bloom’s Taxonomy classification, point biserial correlation, item difficulty, and grade distribution. In addition, examination items were classified into categories based on similarity to items used in ARS preparation. Assessment. As the number of items directly tied to clinical practice rose, Bloom’s Taxonomy level and item difficulty also rose. In examination years where Bloom’s levels were high but preparation was minimal, average grade distribution was lower compared with years in which student preparation was higher. Conclusion. Criterion-referenced examinations can benefit from systematic evaluation of their composition and effectiveness as assessment tools. Calculated design and delivery of classroom preparation is an asset in improving examination performance on rigorous, practice-relevant examinations. PMID:27168611

Physical examination of swine.

PubMed

Masters, B J; Hamilton, M; Masters, P G

1992-07-01

Swine may be examined to evaluate a disease state or a lowered economic performance or as a herd health consultation. As much of the examination as possible should be performed without handling the animal. A thorough history, evaluation of herd records, environmental examination, and herd examination should be performed prior to the evaluation of an individual animal. All necessary equipment should be available when starting the individual examination. The animals is then restrained and examined, and necessary samples are taken. Post-mortem examinations or slaughter house evaluations are a very frequent part of a health examination on swine. All samples taken should be in accordance with the standards of the laboratory that you use. You should work closely with the laboratory to obtain the best results. Physical examination of swine can be rewarding for the veterinarian as well as the producer. The most important aspect to remember is to have enough information and the proper equipment available to handle the animals for the minimal amount of time to gain the maximum benefits. Vietnamese pot-bellied pigs are similar to domestic swine in terms of their diseases and health but are dissimilar in management; pot-bellied pigs are frequently brought to the veterinarian for individual examinations. History is the most valuable part of the examination, followed by observation. Pot-bellied pigs prefer to be held securely with a hand under the chin and rump. The examination is conducted similarly to the examination of any companion animal. Chemical restraint often is necessary for sampling or minor surgical procedures. Owners should be consulted prior to the use of any restraint. This will help win their approval and confidence when working on their pets. While performing the physical examination, look at the pig's overall health as well as specific breed characteristics. Try to stay abreast of swine vaccination recommendations; you may be consulted in this regard. Most importantly, never forget even though they are pigs, pot-bellied pigs are companion animals and should be handled as such.

Order effects in high stakes undergraduate examinations: an analysis of 5 years of administrative data in one UK medical school.

PubMed

Burt, Jenni; Abel, Gary; Barclay, Matt; Evans, Robert; Benson, John; Gurnell, Mark

2016-10-11

To investigate the association between student performance in undergraduate objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) and the examination schedule to which they were assigned to undertake these examinations. Analysis of routinely collected data. One UK medical school. 2331 OSCEs of 3 different types (obstetrics OSCE, paediatrics OSCE and simulated clinical encounter examination OSCE) between 2009 and 2013. Students were not quarantined between examinations. (1) Pass rates by day examination started, (2) pass rates by day station undertaken and (3) mean scores by day examination started. We found no evidence that pass rates differed according to the day on which the examination was started by a candidate in any of the examinations considered (p>0.1 for all). There was evidence (p=0.013) that students were more likely to pass individual stations on the second day of the paediatrics OSCE (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.54). In the cases of the simulated clinical encounter examination and the obstetrics and gynaecology OSCEs, there was no (p=0.42) or very weak evidence (p=0.099), respectively, of any such variation in the probability of passing individual stations according to the day they were attempted. There was no evidence that mean scores varied by day apart from the paediatric OSCE, where slightly higher scores were achieved on the second day of the examination. There is little evidence that different examination schedules have a consistent effect on pass rates or mean scores: students starting the examinations later were not consistently more or less likely to pass or score more highly than those starting earlier. The practice of quarantining students to prevent communication with (and subsequent unfair advantage for) subsequent examination cohorts is unlikely to be required. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

Comparative Effectiveness Study to Assess Two Examination Modalities Used to Detect Dental Caries in Preschool Urban Children

PubMed Central

Billings, Ronald J.

2013-01-01

Abstract Background: Dental caries affecting the primary dentition of U.S. children continues to be the most prevalent chronic childhood disease. Preventive screening for dental caries in toddlers by dental professionals is labor-intensive and costly. Studies are warranted to examine innovative screening modalities that reduce cost, are less labor-intensive, and have the potential to identify caries in high-risk children. Subjects and Methods: Two hundred ninety-one children were randomized into two groups: Group 1 received a traditional, visual tactile examination initially and follow up-examinations at 6 and 12 months, and Group 2 received a teledentistry examination initially and follow-up examinations at 6 and 12 months. The mean primary tooth decayed and filled surfaces (dfs) scores were calculated for all children at baseline and 6 and 12 months. Results: At baseline, the mean dfs score for children examined by means of teledentistry was 2.19, and for the children examined by means of the traditional method, the mean was 1.27; the means were not significantly different. At the 12-month examination, the mean dfs score for the children examined by means of teledentistry was 3.02, and for the children examined by means of the clinical method, the mean dfs was 1.70; the means were not significantly different. At 12 months the mean fillings score for the children examined by means of teledentistry was 1.43 and for the children examined by means of the clinical method was 0.51; the means were statistically significantly different (p<0.001). Conclusions: These results suggest that the teledentistry examinations were comparable to clinical examinations when screening for early childhood caries in preschool children. The data further showed that color printouts of teeth with cavities provided to parents of children who received teledentistry screenings promoted oral healthcare utilization, as children from the teledentistry study group received more dental care than children from the clinical study group. PMID:24053114

Performance on the adult rheumatology in-training examination and relationship to outcomes on the rheumatology certification examination.

PubMed

Lohr, Kristine M; Clauser, Amanda; Hess, Brian J; Gelber, Allan C; Valeriano-Marcet, Joanne; Lipner, Rebecca S; Haist, Steven A; Hawley, Janine L; Zirkle, Sarah; Bolster, Marcy B

2015-11-01

The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Adult Rheumatology In-Training Examination (ITE) is a feedback tool designed to identify strengths and weaknesses in the content knowledge of individual fellows-in-training and the training program curricula. We determined whether scores on the ACR ITE, as well as scores on other major standardized medical examinations and competency-based ratings, could be used to predict performance on the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Rheumatology Certification Examination. Between 2008 and 2012, 629 second-year fellows took the ACR ITE. Bivariate correlation analyses of assessment scores and multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine whether ABIM Rheumatology Certification Examination scores could be predicted on the basis of ACR ITE scores, United States Medical Licensing Examination scores, ABIM Internal Medicine Certification Examination scores, fellowship directors' ratings of overall clinical competency, and demographic variables. Logistic regression was used to evaluate whether these assessments were predictive of a passing outcome on the Rheumatology Certification Examination. In the initial linear model, the strongest predictors of the Rheumatology Certification Examination score were the second-year fellows' ACR ITE scores (β = 0.438) and ABIM Internal Medicine Certification Examination scores (β = 0.273). Using a stepwise model, the strongest predictors of higher scores on the Rheumatology Certification Examination were second-year fellows' ACR ITE scores (β = 0.449) and ABIM Internal Medicine Certification Examination scores (β = 0.276). Based on the findings of logistic regression analysis, ACR ITE performance was predictive of a pass/fail outcome on the Rheumatology Certification Examination (odds ratio 1.016 [95% confidence interval 1.011-1.021]). The predictive value of the ACR ITE score with regard to predicting performance on the Rheumatology Certification Examination supports use of the Adult Rheumatology ITE as a valid feedback tool during fellowship training. © 2015, American College of Rheumatology.

Comparison of the learning curves of digital examination and transabdominal sonography for the determination of fetal head position during labor.

PubMed

Rozenberg, P; Porcher, R; Salomon, L J; Boirot, F; Morin, C; Ville, Y

2008-03-01

To evaluate the learning curve of transabdominal sonography for the determination of fetal head position in labor and to compare it with that of digital vaginal examination. A student midwife who had never performed digital vaginal examination or ultrasound examination was recruited for this study. Instructions on how to perform digital vaginal examination and ultrasound examination were given before and after completing the first vaginal and ultrasound examinations, and repeated for each subsequent examination for as long as necessary. Digital and ultrasound diagnoses of the fetal head position were always performed first by the student midwife, and repeated by an experienced midwife or physician. The learning curve for identification of the fetal head position by either one of the two methods was analyzed using the cumulative sums (CUSUM) method for measurement errors. One hundred patients underwent digital vaginal examination and 99 had transabdominal sonography for the determination of fetal head position. An error rate of around 50% for vaginal examination was nearly constant during the first 50 examinations. It decreased subsequently, to stabilize at a low level from the 82(nd) patient. Errors of +/- 180 degrees were the most frequent. The learning curve for ultrasound imaging stabilized earlier than that of vaginal examination, after the 32(nd) patient. The most frequent errors with ultrasound examination were the inability to conclude on a diagnosis, particularly at the beginning of training, followed by errors of +/- 45 degrees. Based on our findings for the student tested, learning and accuracy of the determination of fetal head position in labor were easier and higher, respectively, with transabdominal sonography than with digital examination. This should encourage physicians to introduce clinical ultrasound examination into their practice. CUSUM charts provide a reliable representation of the learning curve, by accumulating evidence of performance. Copyright (c) 2008 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Patients’ experience of outsourcing and care related to magnetic resonance examinations

PubMed Central

Aspelin, Peter; Bergstrand, Lott; Blomqvist, Lennart

2014-01-01

Background Outsourcing radiological examinations from public university hospitals affects the patient, who has to attend a different clinic or hospital for the radiological examination. We currently have a limited understanding of how patients view outsourcing and their care related to MR examinations. Aim Aim. To examine the experiences of patients who are sent to private radiology units when their referrals for MR examinations are outsourced from a university hospital, as well as to explore factors which influence patient satisfaction regarding the quality of care related to the MR examination. Methods A group of patients (n = 160) referred for MR examinations and either examined at a university hospital or at an external private unit were interviewed. The interview was designed as a verbal questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Student’s t test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson’s correlation. Results Sixty-nine percent of the patients could neither choose nor influence the location at which they were examined. For those who could, aspects that influenced the patient’s choice of radiology department were: short waiting time 79% (127/160), ease of traveling to the radiology department 68% (110/160), and short distance to their home or work 58% (93/160). For 40% (60/160) of the patients, a short time in the waiting room was related to a positive experience of the MR examination. Conclusion Conclusion. If patients were informed about outsourcing and could also choose where to have their examination, key factors contributing to patient satisfaction could be met even when MR examinations are outsourced. PMID:25142133

A Practical Concussion Physical Examination Toolbox

PubMed Central

Matuszak, Jason M.; McVige, Jennifer; McPherson, Jacob; Willer, Barry; Leddy, John

2016-01-01

Context: With heightened awareness of concussion, there is a need to assess and manage the concussed patient in a consistent manner. Unfortunately, concussion physical examination has not been standardized or supported by evidence. Important questions remain about the physical examination. Evidence Acquisition: Review of ClinicalKey, Cochrane, MEDLINE, and PubMed prior to July 2015 was performed using search terms, including concussion, mTBI, physical examination, mental status, cranial nerves, reflexes, cervical, vestibular, and oculomotor. The references of the pertinent articles were reviewed for other relevant sources. Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Results: The pertinent physical examination elements for concussion include evaluation of cranial nerves, manual muscle testing, and deep tendon reflexes; inspecting the head and neck for trauma or tenderness and cervical range of motion; Spurling maneuver; a static or dynamic balance assessment; screening ocular examination; and a mental status examination that includes orientation, immediate and delayed recall, concentration, mood, affect, insight, and judgment. Other examination elements to consider, based on signs, symptoms, or clinical suspicion, include testing of upper motor neurons, cervical strength and proprioception, coordination, pupillary reactivity, and visual acuity; examination of the jaw, temporomandibular joint, and thoracic spine; fundoscopic evaluation; orthostatic vital signs; assessment of dynamic visual acuity; and screening for depression, anxiety, substance abuse disorders, and preinjury psychiatric difficulties. Conclusion: Various elements of the physical examination, such as screening ocular examination, cervical musculoskeletal examination, static and/or dynamic balance assessment, and mental status examination, appear to have utility for evaluating concussion; however, data on validity are lacking. PMID:27022058

Physical examination during space flight

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harris, B. A. Jr; Billica, R. D.; Bishop, S. L.; Blackwell, T.; Layne, C. S.; Harm, D. L.; Sandoz, G. R.; Rosenow, E. C. 3rd

1997-01-01

OBJECTIVE: To develop techniques for conducting a physical examination in microgravity and to describe and document the physiologic changes noted with use of a modified basic physical examination. DESIGN: On the basis of data gathered from physical examinations on KC-135 flights, three physical variables were assessed serially in astronauts during two shuttle missions (of 8- and 10-day duration, respectively). Preflight, in-flight, and postflight examinations were conducted by trained physician-astronauts or flight surgeons, who used this modified examination. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five male and two female crewmembers participated in the "hands-on" physical examination of all physiologic systems except the genitourinary system. Level of edema, intensity of bowel sounds, and peripheral reflexes were assessed and graded. RESULTS: This investigation identified unique elements of a physical examination performed during space flight that will assist in the development of standard methods for conducting examinations of astronauts in weightlessness. In addition, demonstrable changes induced by microgravity were noted in most physiologic systems examined. CONCLUSION: The data support the hypothesis that the microgravity examination differs from that conducted on earth or in a 1g environment. In addition, alterations in the physiologic response can be detected with use of hands-on technique. These data are invaluable in the development of optimal medical care for humans in space.

10 CFR 709.31 - DOE standards for polygraph examiners and polygraph examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... in psychology, physiology, interviewing, and interrogation. (2) The examiner must have a favorably... examiner must receive basic Forensic Psychophysiological Detection of Deception training from the DODPI. ...

10 CFR 709.31 - DOE standards for polygraph examiners and polygraph examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... in psychology, physiology, interviewing, and interrogation. (2) The examiner must have a favorably... examiner must receive basic Forensic Psychophysiological Detection of Deception training from the DODPI. ...

10 CFR 709.31 - DOE standards for polygraph examiners and polygraph examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... in psychology, physiology, interviewing, and interrogation. (2) The examiner must have a favorably... examiner must receive basic Forensic Psychophysiological Detection of Deception training from the DODPI. ...

10 CFR 709.31 - DOE standards for polygraph examiners and polygraph examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... in psychology, physiology, interviewing, and interrogation. (2) The examiner must have a favorably... examiner must receive basic Forensic Psychophysiological Detection of Deception training from the DODPI. ...

46 CFR 71.50-21 - Preliminary examination requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... exclusively use divers to examine the underwater hull plating, you must arrange to have a preliminary... the predominant means to examine your vessel's hull plating, a preliminary examination and the...

A comparison of techniques to assess cervicovaginal irritation and evaluation of the variability between two observers.

PubMed

Ballagh, Susan A; Mauck, Christine K; Henry, Deborah; Archer, David F; Abercrombie, Theresa; Callahan, Marianne M; Gabelnick, Henry L

2004-09-01

Colposcopy is used to evaluate effects of new vaginal products on cervicovaginal epithelium as part of the US Food and Drug Administration-mandated product approval process, yet few aspects of its use have been investigated. To determine the effect of the colposcopic examination itself on the number and type of findings seen, to compare colposcopy with the AviScope hand-held device and the naked eye and to compare the findings reported by two examiners during a single visit. Fourteen healthy women volunteered for five paired examinations in random order: (1) naked eye inspection plus colposcopy done twice by a single examiner; (2) naked eye inspection plus AviScope examination, then naked eye inspection plus colposcopy by a single examiner; (3) Examination 2 repeated with the order of device reversed; (4) naked eye inspection plus colposcopy done by two examiners; (5) Examination 4 repeated with the order of examiner reversed. The colposcopic examinations were done per published standards but were limited to the areas visible without manipulation of the speculum. Length of colposcopic examination averaged 7 min. The number of colposcopic findings found when the examination was done twice by the same clinician was not statistically different (p = 0.12), suggesting that the examination itself did not induce findings. More findings were seen using magnification than naked eye. A similar number of findings were seen by AviScope compared to the colposcope (p = 0.99), but clinically significant findings were "undercalled" or "overcalled" by the AviScope. A weighted kappa score of the "worst" colposcopic finding was 0.32 (SE 0.10, p = 0.00), indicating moderate agreement between examiners. The colposcopic examination is not burdensome nor does it induce findings. If naked eye observation were used alone in practice, these data suggest that half the colposcopically detected findings would be missed. Using the naked eye observation for screening would minimally reduce the number of magnified observations carried out. For detecting epithelial changes, the colposcope seems to be the most sensitive technique, followed by the AviScope.

Open-Book, Open-Web Online Examinations: Developing Examination Practices to Support University Students' Learning and Self-Efficacy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Myyry, Liisa; Joutsenvirta, Taina

2015-01-01

The aim of this study was to investigate university students' experiences of open-book, open-web online examinations compared to traditional class examinations concerning preparing, responding, and learning. The data (N?=?110) were collected by an online survey from the university students who took an online examination. The students used…

Laughing through This Pain: Medical Clowning during Examination of Sexually Abused Children--An Innovative Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tener, Dafna; Lev-Wiesel, Rachel; Franco, Nessia Lang; Ofir, Shoshi

2010-01-01

This study examined the role of medical clowns during medical examinations of children who were sexually abused. Three case studies are described, illustrating diverse interactions among the victimized child, the medical clown, and the medical forensical examiner during medical forensic examinations held at the Tene Center for Sexually Abused…

46 CFR 272.41 - Requirements for examination and allocation of M&R expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Requirements for examination and allocation of M&R... Requirements for examination and allocation of M&R expenses. (a) Examination requirement. Pursuant to the specific limitations on M&R subsidy in section 603 of the Act, the Region Office shall examine the expenses...

Physics 30: Grade 12 Diploma Examination, June 1997.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alberta Dept. of Education, Edmonton. Student Evaluation Branch.

This document is a Physics 30 Grade 12 Diploma Examination from Alberta Education. It is a 2.5 hour closed-book examination consisting of 37 multiple-choice and 12 numerical-response questions of equal value worth 70% of the examination and two written-response questions of equal value worth 30% of the examination. The exam contains sets of…

26 CFR 301.7602-1 - Examination of books and witnesses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Examination of books and witnesses. 301.7602-1... Examination and Inspection § 301.7602-1 Examination of books and witnesses. (a) In general. For the purpose of... officer or employee of the Internal Revenue Service may examine any books, papers, records or other data...

26 CFR 301.7602-1 - Examination of books and witnesses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Examination of books and witnesses. 301.7602-1... Examination and Inspection § 301.7602-1 Examination of books and witnesses. (a) In general. For the purpose of... officer or employee of the Internal Revenue Service may examine any books, papers, records or other data...

26 CFR 301.7602-1 - Examination of books and witnesses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Examination of books and witnesses. 301.7602-1... Examination and Inspection § 301.7602-1 Examination of books and witnesses. (a) In general. For the purpose of... officer or employee of the Internal Revenue Service may examine any books, papers, records or other data...

26 CFR 301.7602-1 - Examination of books and witnesses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Examination of books and witnesses. 301.7602-1... Examination and Inspection § 301.7602-1 Examination of books and witnesses. (a) In general. For the purpose of... officer or employee of the Internal Revenue Service may examine any books, papers, records or other data...

Challenges to Academic Integrity: Identifying the Factors Associated with the Cheating Chain

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bernardi, Richard A.; Banzhoff, Caitlin A.; Martino, Abigail M.; Savasta, Katelyn J.

2012-01-01

This study examined whether seeing other students cheat in examinations and/or knowing students who routinely cheat in examinations associates with other students' cheating behaviour and on their intentions to cheat in the future. We also examined whether cheating in minor and/or major examinations associates with students' intentions to cheat in…

Obstetrician-gynecologists' beliefs on the importance of pelvic examinations in assessing hormonal contraception eligibility.

PubMed

Yu, Jean M; Henderson, Jillian T; Harper, Cynthia C; Sawaya, George F

2014-12-01

To describe obstetrician-gynecologists' beliefs regarding the importance of pelvic examination (including external genitalia inspection, speculum examination, bimanual examination) in assessing hormonal contraception eligibility. In a national probability survey, 1020 obstetrician-gynecologists drawn from the American Medical Association's Physician Masterfile rated importance of the examination in four categories: very, moderately, a little and not important. The response rate was 62% (n=521). Seventy-nine percent considered at least one exam component to be of some importance (very, moderately, or a little importance). Bimanual examination was rated more often than external examination in each level of importance (p<.001). Physicians who believed no component of the examination was important were more likely to be younger, female and in practice settings other than private practice. Despite guidelines stating that pelvic examinations are unnecessary in assessing hormonal contraception eligibility, most obstetrician-gynecologists believe that they are of some importance. These attitudes may pose a barrier to contraception provision. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

10 CFR 709.31 - DOE standards for polygraph examiners and polygraph examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... minimum qualifications: (1) The examiner must be an experienced CI or criminal investigator with extensive... in psychology, physiology, interviewing, and interrogation. (2) The examiner must have a favorably...

46 CFR 115.635 - Preliminary examination requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...) If you exclusively use divers to examine the underwater hull plating, you must arrange to have a... underwater ROV as the predominate means to examine your vessel's hull plating, a preliminary examination and...

Re-audit of physical examination on admission.

PubMed

Drury, Andrew; Eriksson, Erik; Marriott, Rebecca; Symeon, Christopher; Chan, Jeni

2011-09-01

Re-audit of the physical examination of older adults admitted to one of two inpatient Older Adult wards at the Maudsley Hospital found that on admission, only 58% of patients had a brief physical examination and 43% had a full physical examination, and after 72 hours only 65% had a full physical examination. This is a slight improvement on the previous audit but still falls short of the target of 90% of patients having a full physical examination within 72 hours of admission. Recommendations include education of junior and senior doctors of the need for physical examination via presentation of audit and distribution of results, consideration of the use of a proforma to gather information on physical examination which may have been done in an acute hospital and a further re-audit to see if outcomes have improved.

Are Scores From NBME Subject Examinations Valid Measures of Knowledge Acquired During Clinical Clerkships?

PubMed

Ryan, Michael S; Bishop, Steven; Browning, Joel; Anand, Rahul J; Waterhouse, Elizabeth; Rigby, Fidelma; Al-Mateen, Cheryl S; Lee, Clifton; Bradner, Melissa; Colbert-Getz, Jorie M

2017-06-01

The National Board of Medical Examiners' Clinical Science Subject Examinations are a component used by most U.S. medical schools to determine clerkship grades. The purpose of this study was to examine the validity of this practice. This was a retrospective cohort study of medical students at the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine who completed clerkships in 2012 through 2014. Linear regression was used to determine how well United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 scores predicted Subject Examination scores in seven clerkships. The authors then substituted each student's Subject Examination standard scores with his or her Step 1 standard score. Clerkship grades based on the Step 1 substitution were compared with actual grades with the Wilcoxon rank test. A total of 2,777 Subject Examination scores from 432 students were included in the analysis. Step 1 scores significantly predicted between 23% and 44% of the variance in Subject Examination scores, P < .001 for all clerkship regression equations. Mean differences between expected and actual Subject Examination scores were small (≤ 0.2 points). There was a match between 73% of Step 1 substituted final clerkship grades and actual final clerkship grades. The results of this study suggest that performance on Step 1 can be used to identify and counsel students at risk for poor performance on the Subject Examinations. In addition, these findings call into the question the validity of using scores from Subject Examinations as a high-stakes assessment of learning in individual clerkships.

Can paediatric medical students devise a satisfactory standard of examination for their colleagues?

PubMed

Cunningham, S

1999-06-01

To determine what standard paediatric medical students would set for examining their peers and how that would compare with the university standard. Single blinded computer marked examination with questionnaire. University medical school. Medical students during their final paediatric attachment. Medical students asked to derive 10, five branch negatively marked multiple choice questions (MCQs) to a standard that would fail those without sufficient knowledge. Each 10 were then assessed by another student as to the degree of difficulty and the relevance to paediatrics. One year later student peers sat a mock MCQ examination derived from a random 40 questions (unaware that the mock MCQs had been derived by peers). Comparison of marks obtained in mock and final MCQ examinations; student perception of the standard in the two examinations assessed by questionnaire. 44 students derived 439 questions, of which 83% were considered an appropriate standard by a classmate. One year later 62 students sat the mock examination. Distribution of marks was better in the mock MCQ examination than the final MCQ examination. Students considered the mock questions to be a more appropriate standard (72% v 31%) and the topics more relevant (88% v 64%) to paediatric medical students. Questions were of a similar clarity in both examinations (73% v 78%). Students in this study were able to derive an examination of a satisfactory standard for their peers. Involvement of students in deriving examination standards may give them a better appreciation of how standards should be set and maintained.

21 CFR 800.20 - Patient examination gloves and surgeons' gloves; sample plans and test method for leakage defects...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... examination and by a water leak test method, using 1,000 milliliters (ml) of water. (i) Units examined. Each... inches up the fill tube.) (iii) Leak test examination. Immediately after adding the water, examine the glove for water leaks. Do not squeeze the glove; use only minimum manipulation to spread the fingers to...

A Multigrade, Multiyear Statewide Examination of Reading Achievement: Examination of Reading Achievement Examining Variability between Districts, Schools, and Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adelson, Jill L.; Dickinson, Emily R.; Cunningham, Brittany C.

2016-01-01

This brief examined the patterns of reading achievement using statewide data from all students (Grades 3-10) in multiple years to examine gaps based on student, school, and district characteristics. Results indicate reading achievement varied most between students within schools and that students' prior achievement was the strongest predictor of…

A core physical examination in internal medicine: what should students do and how about their supervisors?

PubMed

Haring, Catharina M; van der Meer, Jos W M; Postma, Cornelis T

2013-09-01

Performance of a focused physical examination will induce a high cognitive load for medical students in the early phase of the clinical clerkships. To come to a workable and clinically applicable standard physical examination for medical students to be used in every new patient in the daily clinical practice of internal medicine. A questionnaire held among physicians that supervise students during the clerkship of internal medicine in one Dutch training region. Of the complete list of physical examination 55 items were considered to be an integral part of the standard general physical examination for medical students. Most emphasized were elements of the physical examination aimed at general parameters, thorax and abdomen, vascular status, lymph nodes, spinal column, skin and some parts of the neurological examination. The standard physical examinations performed by supervisors themselves contain fewer items than they expected from the students. The expectations a supervisor has towards the student correlates with the frequency with which they apply the various components in their own physical examination. This study provides us with a 'core' physical examination for medical students that can be applied in the early phase of the clinical clerkships.

Insight and other predictors of physical examination refusal in psychotic illness.

PubMed

Iwata, Kazuya; Strydom, Andre; Osborn, David

2011-08-01

Poor physical health in psychiatric patients is well recognized, yet factors contributing to physical examination noncompliance in psychotic illness have not been previously studied. To examine whether insight or any other variables were independent predictors of physical examination noncompliance. A case-note study (N = 200) of inpatient psychiatric patients in four hospitals in London, UK was conducted to examine the relationship between insight and physical examination noncompliance within 24  h of admission and over 2 weeks. Clinical variables including illness severity were also examined. Patients who were noncompliant with physical examinations offered within 24  h and over 2 weeks were associated with lack of insight, higher illness severity, female gender, longer history of illness, current compulsory admission, and previous history of detention. After adjusting for confounding factors, lack of insight, female gender, and previous history of detention were found to be independent predictors of physical examination noncompliance for 24  h and 2 weeks. Lack of insight is highly predictive of physical examination noncompliance for up to 2 weeks, indicating that mental incapacity to consenting to medical care may be common and that more proactive physical screening may be required for these patients.

Touching the private parts: how gender and sexuality norms affect medical students' first pelvic examination.

PubMed

Sörensdotter, Renita; Siwe, Karin

2016-11-01

Gynaecologists are in a position to challenge norms about gender and sexuality in relation to female genitals. Through their work they have the opportunity to educate patients, which is why teaching medical students to perform examinations in a gender sensitive way is significant. Medical students performing their first pelvic examination often experience the examination as uncomfortable because it is a body part that is connected to sex and to something private. This paper uses medical students' interpretations of performing their first pelvic examination as a means to discuss how cultural norms for gender, sexuality and female genitals affect these examinations. Issues raised include how cultural connotations of female genitals affect the pelvic examination, how female and male students relate differently to examining female genitals and the interpretations they make in relation to themselves. Findings show that the female genitals are perceived as a special body part connected to sexuality and intimacy. Students' gender also affects the interpretations they make during pelvic examinations. Norms of gender, sexuality and female genitals need to be challenged in the teaching and performance of pelvic examination in order to demystify this experience.

Predicting Scheduling and Attending for an Oral Cancer Examination

PubMed Central

Shepperd, James A.; Emanuel, Amber S.; Howell, Jennifer L.; Logan, Henrietta L.

2015-01-01

Background Oral and pharyngeal cancer is highly treatable if diagnosed early, yet late diagnosis is commonplace apparently because of delays in undergoing an oral cancer examination. Purpose We explored predictors of scheduling and attending an oral cancer examination among a sample of Black and White men who were at high risk for oral cancer because they smoked. Methods During an in-person interview, participants (N = 315) from rural Florida learned about oral and pharyngeal cancer, completed survey measures, and were offered a free examination in the next week. Later, participants received a follow-up phone call to explore why they did or did not attend their examination. Results Consistent with the notion that scheduling and attending an oral cancer exam represent distinct decisions, we found that the two outcomes had different predictors. Defensive avoidance and exam efficacy predicted scheduling an examination; exam efficacy and having coping resources, time, and transportation predicted attending the examination. Open-ended responses revealed that the dominant reasons participants offered for missing a scheduled examination was conflicting obligations, forgetting, and confusion or misunderstanding about the examination. Conclusions The results suggest interventions to increase scheduling and attending an oral cancer examination. PMID:26152644

Disorganized junior doctors fail the MRCP (UK).

PubMed

Stanley, Adrian G; Khan, Khalid M; Hussain, Walayat; Tweed, Michael

2006-02-01

Career progression during undergraduate and early postgraduate years is currently determined by successfully passing examinations. Both academic factors (secondary school examination results, learning style and training opportunities) and non-academic factors (maturity, ethnic origin, gender and motivation) have been identified as predicting examination outcome. Few studies have examined organization skills. Disorganized medical students are more likely to perform poorly in end-of-year examinations but this observation has not been examined in junior doctors. This study asked whether organization skills relate to examination outcome amongst junior doctors taking the clinical Part II examination for the Membership of the Royal College of Physicians (Practical Assessment of Clinical Examination Skills). The study was conducted prospectively at four consecutive clinical courses that provided clinical teaching and practice to prepare trainees for the examination. Arrival time at registration for the course was the chosen surrogate for organization skills. Trainees were advised that they should arrive promptly at 8.00 a.m. for registration and it was explained that the course would start at 8.30 a.m. Recorded arrival times were compared with the pass lists published by the Royal College of Physicians. The mean arrival time was 8.17 a.m. A total of 81 doctors (53.3%) passed the examination with a mean arrival time of 8.14 a.m. However, 71 doctors failed the exam and arrived, on average, six minutes later than doctors who passed (p?=?0.006). Better-prepared junior doctors were more likely to pass the final examination. Arriving on time represents a composite of several skills involved in the planning of appropriate travel arrangements and is therefore a valid marker of organization skills and preparation. This novel study has shown that good time-keeping skills are positively associated with examination outcome.

Physical Examination for Men and Women With Urologic Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: A MAPP (Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain) Network Study.

PubMed

Yang, Claire C; Miller, Jane L; Omidpanah, Adam; Krieger, John N

2018-06-01

To examine the feasibility of implementing a standardized, clinically relevant genitourinary examination for both men and women, and to identify physical examination findings characteristic of urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS). This study analyzed 2 samples: men and women with UCPPS who participated in the Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain (MAPP) Research Network Epidemiology and Phenotyping (EP) Study, and age-matched controls who were either positive for chronic fatigue syndrome or healthy (pain-free). We compared physical examination findings in both positive and healthy controls with UCPPS cases: findings from both the EP examinations and from an extended genitourinary examination. EP and extended examinations were performed on 143 participants: 62 UCPPS cases (30 women, 32 men), 42 positive controls (15 women, 27 men), and 39 healthy controls (22 women, 17 men). EP examinations showed that pelvic floor tenderness was more prevalent in cases (55.0%) than in positive (14.6%) or healthy controls (10.5%). Extended examinations revealed specific areas of tenderness in the pelvic floor musculature. Cases were also more likely than healthy controls to report tenderness in multiple areas, including suprapubic, symphysis pubis, and posterior superior iliac spine, and on bimanual examination. No comparative findings were specific to biological sex, and no evidence of pudendal neuropathy was observed on extended examination of cases or controls. The extended genitourinary examination is an easily administered addition to the assessment of men and women during evaluation for UCPPS. Physical findings may help to better categorize patients with UCPPS into clinically relevant subgroups for optimal treatment. Published by Elsevier Inc.

The physical examination in pediatric and adolescent patients.

PubMed

Lara-Torre, Eduardo

2008-06-01

The initial evaluation and examination of both the pediatric and adolescent patients provides the opportunity for the clinician to establish a relationship that will ensure the successful outcome of the visit. In the younger age group, cooperation of the child before performing an examination should be the focus at the first encounter. This cooperation will enable proper positioning and a systematic approach to examination and documentation of findings. Although the adolescent patients may be older and better able to understand the specifics of the examination, these patients present additional challenges for the examining practitioner.

Physical Examination of Knee Ligament Injuries.

PubMed

Bronstein, Robert D; Schaffer, Joseph C

2017-04-01

The knee is one of the most commonly injured joints in the body. A thorough history and physical examination of the knee facilitates accurate diagnosis of ligament injury. Several examination techniques for the knee ligaments that were developed before advanced imaging remain as accurate or more accurate than these newer imaging modalities. Proper use of these examination techniques requires an understanding of the anatomy and pathophysiology of knee ligament injuries. Advanced imaging can be used to augment a history and examination when necessary, but should not replace a thorough history and physical examination.

Virtual alternative to the oral examination for emergency medicine residents.

PubMed

McGrath, Jillian; Kman, Nicholas; Danforth, Douglas; Bahner, David P; Khandelwal, Sorabh; Martin, Daniel R; Nagel, Rollin; Verbeck, Nicole; Way, David P; Nelson, Richard

2015-03-01

The oral examination is a traditional method for assessing the developing physician's medical knowledge, clinical reasoning and interpersonal skills. The typical oral examination is a face-to-face encounter in which examiners quiz examinees on how they would confront a patient case. The advantage of the oral exam is that the examiner can adapt questions to the examinee's response. The disadvantage is the potential for examiner bias and intimidation. Computer-based virtual simulation technology has been widely used in the gaming industry. We wondered whether virtual simulation could serve as a practical format for delivery of an oral examination. For this project, we compared the attitudes and performance of emergency medicine (EM) residents who took our traditional oral exam to those who took the exam using virtual simulation. EM residents (n=35) were randomized to a traditional oral examination format (n=17) or a simulated virtual examination format (n=18) conducted within an immersive learning environment, Second Life (SL). Proctors scored residents using the American Board of Emergency Medicine oral examination assessment instruments, which included execution of critical actions and ratings on eight competency categories (1-8 scale). Study participants were also surveyed about their oral examination experience. We observed no differences between virtual and traditional groups on critical action scores or scores on eight competency categories. However, we noted moderate effect sizes favoring the Second Life group on the clinical competence score. Examinees from both groups thought that their assessment was realistic, fair, objective, and efficient. Examinees from the virtual group reported a preference for the virtual format and felt that the format was less intimidating. The virtual simulated oral examination was shown to be a feasible alternative to the traditional oral examination format for assessing EM residents. Virtual environments for oral examinations should continue to be explored, particularly since they offer an inexpensive, more comfortable, yet equally rigorous alternative.

Performance of residents using digital images versus glass slides on certification examination in anatomical pathology: a mixed methods pilot study

PubMed Central

Mirham, Lorna; Naugler, Christopher; Hayes, Malcolm; Ismiil, Nadia; Belisle, Annie; Sade, Shachar; Streutker, Catherine; MacMillan, Christina; Rasty, Golnar; Popovic, Snezana; Joseph, Mariamma; Gabril, Manal; Barnes, Penny; Hegele, Richard G.; Carter, Beverley; Yousef, George M.

2016-01-01

Background: It is anticipated that many licensing examination centres for pathology will begin fully digitizing the certification examinations. The objective of our study was to test the feasibility of a fully digital examination and to assess the needs, concerns and expectations of pathology residents in moving from a glass slide-based examination to a fully digital examination. Methods: We conducted a mixed methods study that compared, after randomization, the performance of senior residents (postgraduate years 4 and 5) in 7 accredited anatomical pathology training programs across Canada on a pathology examination using either glass slides or digital whole-slide scanned images of the slides. The pilot examination was followed by a post-test survey. In addition, pathology residents from all levels of training were invited to participate in an online survey. Results: A total of 100 residents participated in the pilot examination; 49 were given glass slides instead of digital images. We found no significant difference in examination results between the 2 groups of residents (estimated marginal mean 8.23/12, 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.72-8.87, for glass slides; 7.84/12, 95% CI 7.28-8.41, for digital slides). In the post-test survey, most of the respondents expressed concerns with the digital examination, including slowly functioning software, blurring and poor detail of images, particularly nuclear features. All of the respondents of the general survey (n = 179) agreed that additional training was required if the examination were to become fully digital. Interpretation: Although the performance of residents completing pathology examinations with glass slides was comparable to that of residents using digital images, our study showed that residents were not comfortable with the digital technology, especially given their current level of exposure to it. Additional training may be needed before implementing a fully digital examination, with consideration for a gradual transition. PMID:27280119

Virtual Alternative to the Oral Examination for Emergency Medicine Residents

PubMed Central

McGrath, Jillian; Kman, Nicholas; Danforth, Douglas; Bahner, David P.; Khandelwal, Sorabh; Martin, Daniel R.; Nagel, Rollin; Verbeck, Nicole; Way, David P.; Nelson, Richard

2015-01-01

Introduction The oral examination is a traditional method for assessing the developing physician’s medical knowledge, clinical reasoning and interpersonal skills. The typical oral examination is a face-to-face encounter in which examiners quiz examinees on how they would confront a patient case. The advantage of the oral exam is that the examiner can adapt questions to the examinee’s response. The disadvantage is the potential for examiner bias and intimidation. Computer-based virtual simulation technology has been widely used in the gaming industry. We wondered whether virtual simulation could serve as a practical format for delivery of an oral examination. For this project, we compared the attitudes and performance of emergency medicine (EM) residents who took our traditional oral exam to those who took the exam using virtual simulation. Methods EM residents (n=35) were randomized to a traditional oral examination format (n=17) or a simulated virtual examination format (n=18) conducted within an immersive learning environment, Second Life (SL). Proctors scored residents using the American Board of Emergency Medicine oral examination assessment instruments, which included execution of critical actions and ratings on eight competency categories (1–8 scale). Study participants were also surveyed about their oral examination experience. Results We observed no differences between virtual and traditional groups on critical action scores or scores on eight competency categories. However, we noted moderate effect sizes favoring the Second Life group on the clinical competence score. Examinees from both groups thought that their assessment was realistic, fair, objective, and efficient. Examinees from the virtual group reported a preference for the virtual format and felt that the format was less intimidating. Conclusion The virtual simulated oral examination was shown to be a feasible alternative to the traditional oral examination format for assessing EM residents. Virtual environments for oral examinations should continue to be explored, particularly since they offer an inexpensive, more comfortable, yet equally rigorous alternative. PMID:25834684

What Patients Want to Know about Imaging Examinations: A Multiinstitutional U.S. Survey in Adult and Pediatric Teaching Hospitals on Patient Preferences for Receiving Information before Radiologic Examinations.

PubMed

Pahade, Jay K; Trout, Andrew T; Zhang, Bin; Bhambhvani, Pradeep; Muse, Victorine V; Delaney, Lisa R; Zucker, Evan J; Pandharipande, Pari V; Brink, James A; Goske, Marilyn J

2018-05-01

Purpose To identify what information patients and parents or caregivers found useful before an imaging examination, from whom they preferred to receive information, and how those preferences related to patient-specific variables including demographics and prior radiologic examinations. Materials and Methods A 24-item survey was distributed at three pediatric and three adult hospitals between January and May 2015. The χ 2 or Fisher exact test (categorical variables) and one-way analysis of variance or two-sample t test (continuous variables) were used for comparisons. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine associations between responses and demographics. Results Of 1742 surveys, 1542 (89%) were returned (381 partial, 1161 completed). Mean respondent age was 46.2 years ± 16.8 (standard deviation), with respondents more frequently female (1025 of 1506, 68%) and Caucasian (1132 of 1504, 75%). Overall, 78% (1117 of 1438) reported receiving information about their examination most commonly from the ordering provider (824 of 1292, 64%), who was also the most preferred source (1005 of 1388, 72%). Scheduled magnetic resonance (MR) imaging or nuclear medicine examinations (P < .001 vs other examination types) and increasing education (P = .008) were associated with higher rates of receiving information. Half of respondents (757 of 1452, 52%) sought information themselves. The highest importance scores for pre-examination information (Likert scale ≥4) was most frequently assigned to information on examination preparation and least frequently assigned to whether an alternative radiation-free examination could be used (74% vs 54%; P < .001). Conclusion Delivery of pre-examination information for radiologic examinations is suboptimal, with half of all patients and caregivers seeking information on their own. Ordering providers are the predominant and preferred source of examination-related information, with respondents placing highest importance on information related to examination preparation. © RSNA, 2018 Online supplemental material is available for this article.

Physical examination performed by psychiatrists.

PubMed

Hodgson, Richard; Adeyemo, Olubukola

2004-01-01

Too little, too late? Physical examinations performed by trainee psychiatrists on newly admitted psychiatric patients. To assess the comprehensiveness of the physical examination carried out by psychiatric trainees on acute in-patient units. To quantify delays in undertaking physical examination on psychiatric inpatients. A prospective case note study of 60 consecutive admissions to acute psychiatric wards in North Staffordshire. Information regarding demography, details of physical examination and routine blood investigations was collected. The case notes of 60 inpatients were studied. Mean age was 38.7 years and the sex ratio equal. A delay in performing a physical occurred in 17 (28.8%) patients. No explanation for a delay was given in six (10.0%) cases. The mean time to physical examination from admission was 61.8 h (range 0-612 h). The standard of physical examination was variable. The central nervous system (CNS) was reported as 'grossly intact' in six (10.2%) cases with only 34 (57.6%) of patients having a comprehensive CNS examination. Psychiatric patients are not receiving a comprehensive physical examination. Whilst the patient's ability to co-operate may account for a delay in the examination, it is unlikely to be the reason for the CNS being examined in just half the patients. Opportunities to reduce the physical morbidity associated with mental illness may be being lost. (MJ Psych Clin Pract 2004; 8: 57-60).

The effect of cone beam CT (CBCT) on therapeutic decision-making in endodontics.

PubMed

Mota de Almeida, F J; Knutsson, K; Flygare, L

2014-01-01

The aim was to assess to what extent cone beam CT (CBCT) used in accordance with current European Commission guidelines in a normal clinical setting has an impact on therapeutic decisions in a population referred for endodontic problems. The study includes data of consecutively examined patients collected from October 2011 to December 2012. From 2 different endodontic specialist clinics, 57 patients were referred for a CBCT examination using criteria in accordance with current European guidelines. The CBCT examinations were performed using similar equipment and standardized among clinics. After a thorough clinical examination, but before CBCT, the examiner made a preliminary therapy plan which was recorded. After the CBCT examination, the same examiner made a new therapy plan. Therapy plans both before and after the CBCT examination were plotted for 53 patients and 81 teeth. As four patients had incomplete protocols, they were not included in the final analysis. 4% of the patients referred to endodontic clinics during the study period were examined with CBCT. The most frequent reason for referral to CBCT examination was to differentiate pathology from normal anatomy, this was the case in 24 patients (45% of the cases). The primary outcome was therapy plan changes that could be attributed to CBCT examination. There were changes in 28 patients (53%). CBCT has a significant impact on therapeutic decision efficacy in endodontics when used in concordance with the current European Commission guidelines.

Hypothesis-driven physical examination curriculum.

PubMed

Allen, Sharon; Olson, Andrew; Menk, Jeremiah; Nixon, James

2017-12-01

Medical students traditionally learn physical examination skills as a rote list of manoeuvres. Alternatives like hypothesis-driven physical examination (HDPE) may promote students' understanding of the contribution of physical examination to diagnostic reasoning. We sought to determine whether first-year medical students can effectively learn to perform a physical examination using an HDPE approach, and then tailor the examination to specific clinical scenarios. Medical students traditionally learn physical examination skills as a rote list of manoeuvres CONTEXT: First-year medical students at the University of Minnesota were taught both traditional and HDPE approaches during a required 17-week clinical skills course in their first semester. The end-of-course evaluation assessed HDPE skills: students were assigned one of two cardiopulmonary cases. Each case included two diagnostic hypotheses. During an interaction with a standardised patient, students were asked to select physical examination manoeuvres in order to make a final diagnosis. Items were weighted and selection order was recorded. First-year students with minimal pathophysiology performed well. All students selected the correct diagnosis. Importantly, students varied the order when selecting examination manoeuvres depending on the diagnoses under consideration, demonstrating early clinical decision-making skills. An early introduction to HDPE may reinforce physical examination skills for hypothesis generation and testing, and can foster early clinical decision-making skills. This has important implications for further research in physical examination instruction. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd and The Association for the Study of Medical Education.

Feasibility Study for Electronic Fitness for Duty Medical Examination Reporting and Oversight.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-11-01

This report examines the institutional and high-level technology aspects associated with potential mandated : electronic reporting of every commercial driver license (CDL) driver fitness-for-duty medical examination : performed by a medical examiner ...

Breast self-examination: do religious beliefs matter? A descriptive study.

PubMed

Montazeri, Ali; Haji-Mahmoodi, Mehregan; Jarvandi, Soghra

2003-06-01

A descriptive study was conducted in Tehran, Iran, to investigate the beliefs of Muslim women and their practices regarding screening modalities of breast cancer. A questionnaire was specially designed and validated to collect data and was completed by 410 Muslim women. A vast majority of women (90 per cent) said that breast self-examination is not against their religious beliefs. With regard to clinical breast examination, although 58 per cent preferred to be examined by a female physician, 47 per cent said that clinical breast examination by a male physician is not against their Islamic beliefs. However, only 6 per cent of respondents performed breast self-examination on a regular basis (monthly). The study findings suggest that most Muslim women do not perceive breast self-examination as being against their Islamic beliefs and that they believe clinical breast examination by a male physician does not interfere with their religious beliefs.

Experience with the United Kingdom examinations in neurosurgery.

PubMed

Pickard, J D

1997-01-01

The UK Intercollegiate Specialty Board examination in Surgical Neurology was established in 1991 based on the experience of the original Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh Assessment in Surgical Neurology, an exit examination that was originally opposed both by surgery in general and by the younger neurosurgical community. Criteria for eligibility encompass both UK, EC and non-EC overseas graduates. Candidates must have completed satisfactorily their 4th year of a 6 year training programme, have personal experience with the more straightforward benign tumours, aneurysms and posterior fossa explorations, and be able to safely manage a conventional neurosurgical practice. The examination consists of a multiple choice question paper, clinical examination and three Vivas. A curriculum is under construction. Examinations are held twice per annum, and rotate between the four colleges. There are strict guidelines for the examiners. The pass rate is about 70%. All aspects of the examination continue to evolve and are carefully audited.

A Study to Determine the Feasibility of Establishing a Wellness Center at Martin Army Community Hospital

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-11-06

problem during a visit to the wellness center would be referred to ADAPCP. Pap smears, birth control counselling, and breast self-examination classes...examinations Proctosigmoldoscope examinations Well-baby clinics Birth control counselling Immunizations Nutrition and weight counselling Stress management...Proctosigmoldoscopic examinations Physical examinations ---- Health risk appraisals Immun Izat ions Birth control counselling Nutrition and weight control

How Is Examination Stress Experienced by Secondary Students Preparing for Their General Certificate of Secondary Education Examinations and How Can It Be Explained?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Putwain, David William

2011-01-01

High stakes examinations have been identified as a significant source of stress for secondary school students; however, there is little data accounting for, and explaining, the experiences of examination stress. This study aimed to further the understanding of examination stress in secondary school students by conducting interviews with 34…

Association of vascular physical examination findings and arteriographic lesions in large vessel vasculitis.

PubMed

Grayson, Peter C; Tomasson, Gunnar; Cuthbertson, David; Carette, Simon; Hoffman, Gary S; Khalidi, Nader A; Langford, Carol A; McAlear, Carol A; Monach, Paul A; Seo, Philip; Warrington, Kenneth J; Ytterberg, Steven R; Merkel, Peter A

2012-02-01

To assess the utility of the vascular physical examination to detect arteriographic lesions in patients with established large vessel vasculitis (LVV), including Takayasu's arteritis (TAK) and giant cell arteritis (GCA). In total, 100 patients (TAK = 68, GCA = 32) underwent standardized physical examination and angiography of the carotid, subclavian, and axillary arteries. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for the association between findings on physical examination focusing on the vascular system (absent pulse, bruit, and blood pressure difference) and arteriographic lesions defined as stenosis, occlusion, or aneurysm. We found 67% of patients had at least 1 abnormality on physical examination (74% TAK, 53% GCA). Arteriographic lesions were seen in 76% of patients (82% TAK, 63% GCA). Individual physical examination findings had poor sensitivity (range 14%-50%) and good-excellent specificity (range 71%-98%) to detect arteriographic lesions. Even when considering physical examination findings in combination, at least 30% of arteriographic lesions were missed. Specificity improved (range 88%-100%) if individual physical examination findings were compared to a broader region of vessels rather than specific anatomically correlated vessels and if ≥ 1 physical examination findings were combined. In patients with established LVV, physical examination alone is worthwhile to detect arterial disease but does not always localize or reveal the full extent of arteriographic lesions. Abnormal vascular system findings on physical examination are highly associated with the presence of arterial lesions, but normal findings on physical examination do not exclude the possibility of arterial disease. Serial angiographic assessment is advisable to monitor arterial disease in patients with established LVV.

Repeatability and Reproducibility of Decisions by Latent Fingerprint Examiners

PubMed Central

Ulery, Bradford T.; Hicklin, R. Austin; Buscaglia, JoAnn; Roberts, Maria Antonia

2012-01-01

The interpretation of forensic fingerprint evidence relies on the expertise of latent print examiners. We tested latent print examiners on the extent to which they reached consistent decisions. This study assessed intra-examiner repeatability by retesting 72 examiners on comparisons of latent and exemplar fingerprints, after an interval of approximately seven months; each examiner was reassigned 25 image pairs for comparison, out of total pool of 744 image pairs. We compare these repeatability results with reproducibility (inter-examiner) results derived from our previous study. Examiners repeated 89.1% of their individualization decisions, and 90.1% of their exclusion decisions; most of the changed decisions resulted in inconclusive decisions. Repeatability of comparison decisions (individualization, exclusion, inconclusive) was 90.0% for mated pairs, and 85.9% for nonmated pairs. Repeatability and reproducibility were notably lower for comparisons assessed by the examiners as “difficult” than for “easy” or “moderate” comparisons, indicating that examiners' assessments of difficulty may be useful for quality assurance. No false positive errors were repeated (n = 4); 30% of false negative errors were repeated. One percent of latent value decisions were completely reversed (no value even for exclusion vs. of value for individualization). Most of the inter- and intra-examiner variability concerned whether the examiners considered the information available to be sufficient to reach a conclusion; this variability was concentrated on specific image pairs such that repeatability and reproducibility were very high on some comparisons and very low on others. Much of the variability appears to be due to making categorical decisions in borderline cases. PMID:22427888

Association of Vascular Physical Examination Findings and Arteriographic Lesions in Large Vessel Vasculitis

PubMed Central

GRAYSON, PETER C.; TOMASSON, GUNNAR; CUTHBERTSON, DAVID; CARETTE, SIMON; HOFFMAN, GARY S.; KHALIDI, NADER A.; LANGFORD, CAROL A.; McALEAR, CAROL A.; MONACH, PAUL A.; SEO, PHILIP; WARRINGTON, KENNETH J.; YTTERBERG, STEVEN R.; MERKEL, PETER A.

2013-01-01

Objective To assess the utility of the vascular physical examination to detect arteriographic lesions in patients with established large vessel vasculitis (LVV), including Takayasu’s arteritis (TAK) and giant cell arteritis (GCA). Methods In total, 100 patients (TAK = 68, GCA = 32) underwent standardized physical examination and angiography of the carotid, subclavian, and axillary arteries. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for the association between findings on physical examination focusing on the vascular system (absent pulse, bruit, and blood pressure difference) and arteriographic lesions defined as stenosis, occlusion, or aneurysm. Results We found 67% of patients had at least 1 abnormality on physical examination (74% TAK, 53% GCA). Arteriographic lesions were seen in 76% of patients (82% TAK, 63% GCA). Individual physical examination findings had poor sensitivity (range 14%–50%) and good-excellent specificity (range 71%–98%) to detect arteriographic lesions. Even when considering physical examination findings in combination, at least 30% of arteriographic lesions were missed. Specificity improved (range 88%–100%) if individual physical examination findings were compared to a broader region of vessels rather than specific anatomically correlated vessels and if ≥ 1 physical examination findings were combined. Conclusion In patients with established LVV, physical examination alone is worthwhile to detect arterial disease but does not always localize or reveal the full extent of arteriographic lesions. Abnormal vascular system findings on physical examination are highly associated with the presence of arterial lesions, but normal findings on physical examination do not exclude the possibility of arterial disease. Serial angiographic assessment is advisable to monitor arterial disease in patients with established LVV. PMID:22174204

Breadth versus volume: Neurology outpatient clinic cases in medical education.

PubMed

Albert, Dara V; Blood, Angela D; Park, Yoon Soo; Brorson, James R; Lukas, Rimas V

2016-06-01

This study examined how volume in certain patient case types and breadth across patient case types in the outpatient clinic setting are related to Neurology Clerkship student performance. Case logs from the outpatient clinic experience of 486 students from The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, USA, participating in the 4week Neurology Clerkship from July 2008 to June 2013 were reviewed. A total of 12,381 patient encounters were logged and then classified into 13 diagnostic categories. How volume of cases within categories and the breadth of cases across categories relate to the National Board of Medical Examiners Clinical Subject Examination for Neurology and a Neurology Clerkship Objective Structured Clinical Examination was analyzed. Volume of cases was significantly correlated with the National Board of Medical Examiners Clinical Subject Examination for Neurology (r=.290, p<.001), the Objective Structured Clinical Examination physical examination (r=.236, p=.011), and the Objective Structured Clinical Examination patient note (r=.238, p=.010). Breadth of cases was significantly correlated with the National Board of Medical Examiners Clinical Subject Examination for Neurology (r=.231, p=.017), however was not significantly correlated with any component of the Objective Structured Clinical Examination. Volume of cases correlated with higher performance on measures of specialty knowledge and clinical skill. Fewer relationships emerged correlating breadth of cases and performance on the same measures. This study provides guidance to educators who must decide how much emphasis to place on volume versus breadth of cases in outpatient clinic learning experiences. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Quality evaluation and control of end cap welds in PHWR fuel elements by ultrasonic examination

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Choi, M. S.; Yang, M. S.

1991-02-01

The current quality control procedure of nuclear fuel end cap weld is mainly dependent on the destructive metallographic examination. A nondestructive examination technique, i.e., ultrasonic examination, has been developed to identify and evaluate weld discontinuities. A few interesting results of the weld quality evaluation by applying the developed ultrasonic examination technique to PHWR fuel welds are presented. In addition, the feasibility of the weld quality control by the ultrasonic examination is discussed. This study shows that the ultrasonic examination is effective and reliable method for detecting abnormal weld contours and weld discontinuities such as micro-fissure, crack, upset split and expulsion, and can be used as a quality control tool for the end cap welding process.

EXAMINATION OF THE PATELLOFEMORAL JOINT

PubMed Central

Davies, George J.

2016-01-01

Patellofemoral pain is one of the leading causes of knee pain in athletes. The many causes of patellofemoral pain make diagnosis unpredictable and examination and treatment difficult. This clinical commentary discusses a detailed physical examination routine for the patient with patellofemoral pain. Critically listening and obtaining a detailed medical history followed by a clearly structured physical examination will allow the physical therapist to diagnose most forms of patellofemoral pain. This clinical commentary goes one step further by suggesting an examination scheme and order in which it should be performed during the examination process. This step-by-step guide will be helpful for the student or novice therapist and serve as review for those that are already well versed in patellofemoral examination. PMID:27904788

47 CFR 0.485 - Commercial radio operator examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Commercial radio operator examinations. 0.485 Section 0.485 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL COMMISSION ORGANIZATION General....485 Commercial radio operator examinations. Generally, written and telegraphy examinations for...

A qualitative study exploring junior paediatricians', midwives', GPs' and mothers' experiences and views of the examination of the newborn baby.

PubMed

Bloomfield, Linda; Townsend, Joy; Rogers, Catherine

2003-03-01

to explore the experiences and attitudes of midwives, junior paediatricians (SHOs), GPs, and mothers to the examination of the newborn baby. To provide an appreciation of their views on several issues, in particular the purpose and value of the examination, who is thought to be appropriate to carry it out and when and where it should take place. qualitative using semi-structured interviews, which were exploratory and interactive, in order to examine the range and diversity of experiences and attitudes to the neonatal examination. South-east England. four samples were purposefully selected to include ten each of midwives, SHOs, GPs and recently delivered mothers. SHOs were currently working in paediatric departments of a district general hospital or teaching hospital and their experience of conducting examinations of the newborn baby ranged from several months to several years. Midwives included both those trained in the examination and currently conducting examinations, and those not so trained and not carrying out the examination. Most of the midwives had been qualified for over ten years and had a wide range of clinical experience in hospital and community settings. The GPs were from ten practices in two Health Authorities and all had some experience of conducting neonatal examinations. Of the mothers, a few had had their babies examined at home by midwives, others in hospital by an SHO. Mothers included those with a family history of problems relevant to the examination, those with previous pregnancy complications and others with no problems or complications. Some were first-time mothers. all groups perceived the examination to be a useful screening tool providing reassurance to parents. They considered both midwives and SHOs to be appropriate professionals to carry out the examination, if adequately trained. Most thought that midwives have a better rapport with mothers, are able to provide continuity of care and more often discuss health-care issues than do SHOs. Few SHOs reported receiving any formal training in the examination of the newborn baby. the extension of the practice of midwives examining the newborn baby following relevant training would be acceptable to all stakeholders. The implications of increased demands on the midwives' workload may need to be considered.

Association between performance on Neurology In-Training and Certification Examinations

PubMed Central

Flynn, Frederick G.; Gutmann, Laurie; Pascuzzi, Robert M.; Webb, Lynn; Massey, Janice M.; DeKosky, Steven T.; Foertsch, Mary; Faulkner, Larry R.

2013-01-01

Objective: This study analyzed the relationship between performance on the American Academy of Neurology Residency In-Service Training Examination (RITE) and subsequent performance on the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN) Certification Examination. Methods: Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine the relationship between performance on the RITE and the Certification Examination for 2 cohorts of adult neurologists and 2 cohorts of child neurologists. The 2 cohorts represented test takers for 2008 and 2009. Results: For adult neurologists, the correlation between the total RITE and the Certification Examination scores was 0.77 (p < 0.01) in 2008 and 0.65 (p < 0.01) in 2009. For child neurologists, it was 0.74 (p < 0.01) in 2008 and 0.56 (p < 0.01) in 2009. Discussion: For 2 consecutive years, there was a significant correlation between performance on the RITE and performance on the ABPN Certification Examination for both adult and child neurologists. The RITE is a self-assessment examination, and performance on the test is a positive predictor of future performance on the ABPN Certification Examination. PMID:23296130

[Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children and adolescents – study design of a feasibility study concerning examination related emotions].

PubMed

Jaite, Charlotte; Bachmann, Christian; Dewey, Marc; Weschke, Bernhard; Spors, Birgit; von Moers, Arpad; Napp, Adriane; Lehmkuhl, Ulrike; Kappel, Viola

2013-11-01

Numerous research centres apply magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for research purposes in children. In view of this practical research, ethical concerns regarding the strains the study participants are exposed to during the MRI examination are discussed. The study evaluates whether an MRI examination induces negative emotions in children and adolescents which are more intense than the ones caused by electroencephalography (EEG), an examination method currently classified as causing "minimal stress." Furthermore, the emotional stress induced by the MRI examination in children and adolescents is compared with that induced in adults. The study gathers data on examination-related emotions in children (age 8-17;11, male and female) who undergo an MRI examination of the cerebrum with a medical indication. The comparison group is a sample of children and adolescents examined with EEG (age 8-17;11, male and female) as well as a sample of adults (age 18-65, male and female) examined with MRI. At present, the study is in the stage of data collection. This article presents the study design of the MRI research project.

Association between performance on Neurology In-Training and Certification Examinations.

PubMed

Juul, Dorthea; Flynn, Frederick G; Gutmann, Laurie; Pascuzzi, Robert M; Webb, Lynn; Massey, Janice M; Dekosky, Steven T; Foertsch, Mary; Faulkner, Larry R

2013-01-08

This study analyzed the relationship between performance on the American Academy of Neurology Residency In-Service Training Examination (RITE) and subsequent performance on the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN) Certification Examination. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine the relationship between performance on the RITE and the Certification Examination for 2 cohorts of adult neurologists and 2 cohorts of child neurologists. The 2 cohorts represented test takers for 2008 and 2009. For adult neurologists, the correlation between the total RITE and the Certification Examination scores was 0.77 (p < 0.01) in 2008 and 0.65 (p < 0.01) in 2009. For child neurologists, it was 0.74 (p < 0.01) in 2008 and 0.56 (p < 0.01) in 2009. For 2 consecutive years, there was a significant correlation between performance on the RITE and performance on the ABPN Certification Examination for both adult and child neurologists. The RITE is a self-assessment examination, and performance on the test is a positive predictor of future performance on the ABPN Certification Examination.

Locating, characterizing and minimizing sources of error for a paper case-based structured oral examination in a multi-campus clerkship.

PubMed

Kumar, A; Bridgham, R; Potts, M; Gushurst, C; Hamp, M; Passal, D

2001-01-01

To determine consistency of assessment in a new paper case-based structured oral examination in a multi-community pediatrics clerkship, and to identify correctable problems in the administration of examination and assessment process. Nine paper case-based oral examinations were audio-taped. From audio-tapes five community coordinators scored examiner behaviors and graded student performance. Correlations among examiner behaviors scores were examined. Graphs identified grading patterns of evaluators. The effect of exam-giving on evaluators was assessed by t-test. Reliability of grades was calculated and the effect of reducing assessment problems was modeled. Exam-givers differed most in their "teaching-guiding" behavior, and this negatively correlated with student grades. Exam reliability was lowered mainly by evaluator differences in leniency and grading pattern; less important was absence of standardization in cases. While grade reliability was low in early use of the paper case-based oral examination, modeling of plausible effects of training and monitoring for greater uniformity in administration of the examination and assigning scores suggests that more adequate reliabilities can be attained.

5 CFR 330.401 - Competitive examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Competitive examination. 330.401 Section 330.401 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS RECRUITMENT... examination. In each entrance examination for the positions of custodian, elevator operator, guard, and...

13 CFR 108.690 - Examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Examinations. 108.690 Section 108.690 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NEW MARKETS VENTURE CAPITAL (âNMVCâ) PROGRAM Recordkeeping, Reporting, and Examination Requirements for NMVC Companies Examinations of Nmvc...

20 CFR 416.919g - Who we will select to perform a consultative examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... examination. (a) We will purchase a consultative examination only from a qualified medical source. The medical... training and experience to perform the type of examination or test we will request; the medical source must...

The Feasibility of Administering a Practical Clinical Examination in Podiatry at a College of Podiatric Medicine: Results of a Field Trial Under Simulated Part III Test Conditions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

And Others; Valletta, Michael

1978-01-01

The results of a practical clinical examination in podiatric medicine administered to fourth-year students are presented. The examination could become the prototype of a Part III practical clinical examination under the auspices of the National Board of Podiatry Examiners. Its feasibility is established and problems and issues are discussed.…

The Outpatient Physical Examination.

PubMed

Artandi, Maja K; Stewart, Rosalyn W

2018-05-01

The physical examination in the outpatient setting is a valuable tool. Even in settings where there is lack of evidence, such as the annual physical examination of an asymptomatic adult, the physical examination is beneficial for the physician-patient relationship. When a patient has specific symptoms, the physical examination-in addition to a thorough history-can help narrow down, or in many cases establish, a diagnosis. In a time where imaging and laboratory tests are easily available, but are expensive and can be invasive, a skilled physical examination remains an important component of patient evaluation. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Data on the interexaminer variation of minutia markup on latent fingerprints.

PubMed

Ulery, Bradford T; Hicklin, R Austin; Roberts, Maria Antonia; Buscaglia, JoAnn

2016-09-01

The data in this article supports the research paper entitled "Interexaminer variation of minutia markup on latent fingerprints" [1]. The data in this article describes the variability in minutia markup during both analysis of the latents and comparison between latents and exemplars. The data was collected in the "White Box Latent Print Examiner Study," in which each of 170 volunteer latent print examiners provided detailed markup documenting their examinations of latent-exemplar pairs of prints randomly assigned from a pool of 320 pairs. Each examiner examined 22 latent-exemplar pairs; an average of 12 examiners marked each latent.

Failure on the American Board of Surgery Examinations of General Surgery Residency Graduates Correlates Positively with States' Malpractice Risk.

PubMed

Dent, Daniel L; Al Fayyadh, Mohammed J; Rawlings, Jeremy A; Hassan, Ramy A; Kempenich, Jason W; Willis, Ross E; Stewart, Ronald M

2018-03-01

It has been suggested that in environments where there is greater fear of litigation, resident autonomy and education is compromised. Our aim was to examine failure rates on American Board of Surgery (ABS) examinations in comparison with medical malpractice payments in 47 US states/territories that have general surgery residency programs. We hypothesized higher ABS examination failure rates for general surgery residents who graduate from residencies in states with higher malpractice risk. We conducted a retrospective review of five-year (2010-2014) pass rates of first-time examinees of the ABS examinations. States' malpractice data were adjusted based on population. ABS examinations failure rates for programs in states with above and below median malpractice payments per capita were 31 and 24 per cent (P < 0.01) respectively. This difference was seen in university and independent programs regardless of size. Pearson correlation confirmed a significant positive correlation between board failure rates and malpractice payments per capita for Qualifying Examination (P < 0.02), Certifying Examination (P < 0.02), and Qualifying and Certifying combined index (P < 0.01). Malpractice risk correlates positively with graduates' failure rates on ABS examinations regardless of program size or type. We encourage further examination of training environments and their relationship to surgical residency graduate performance.

Taking OSCE examiner training on the road: reaching the masses.

PubMed

Reid, Katharine; Smallwood, David; Collins, Margo; Sutherland, Ruth; Dodds, Agnes

To ensure the rigour of objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) in assessing medical students, medical school educators must educate examiners with a view to standardising examiner assessment behaviour. Delivering OSCE examiner training is a necessary yet challenging part of the OSCE process. A novel approach to implementing training for current and potential OSCE examiners was trialled by delivering large-group education sessions at major teaching hospitals. The 'OSCE Roadshow' comprised a short training session delivered in the context of teaching hospital 'Grand Rounds' to current and potential OSCE examiners. The training was developed to educate clinicians about OSCE processes, clarify the examiners' role and required behaviours, and to review marking guides and mark allocation in an effort to standardise OSCE processes and encourage consistency in examiner marking behaviour. A short exercise allowed participants to practise marking a mock OSCE to investigate examiner marking behaviour after the training. OSCE Roadshows at four metropolitan and one rural teaching hospital were well received and well attended by 171 clinicians across six sessions. Unexpectedly, medical students also attended in large numbers ( n= 220). After training, participants' average scores for the mock OSCE clustered closely around the ideal score of 28 (out of 40), and the average scores did not differ according to the levels of clinical experience. The OSCE Roadshow demonstrated the potential of brief familiarisation training in reaching large numbers of current and potential OSCE examiners in a time and cost-effective manner to promote standardisation of OSCE processes.

Taking OSCE examiner training on the road: reaching the masses.

PubMed

Reid, Katharine; Smallwood, David; Collins, Margo; Sutherland, Ruth; Dodds, Agnes

2016-01-01

Background To ensure the rigour of objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) in assessing medical students, medical school educators must educate examiners with a view to standardising examiner assessment behaviour. Delivering OSCE examiner training is a necessary yet challenging part of the OSCE process. A novel approach to implementing training for current and potential OSCE examiners was trialled by delivering large-group education sessions at major teaching hospitals. Methods The 'OSCE Roadshow' comprised a short training session delivered in the context of teaching hospital 'Grand Rounds' to current and potential OSCE examiners. The training was developed to educate clinicians about OSCE processes, clarify the examiners' role and required behaviours, and to review marking guides and mark allocation in an effort to standardise OSCE processes and encourage consistency in examiner marking behaviour. A short exercise allowed participants to practise marking a mock OSCE to investigate examiner marking behaviour after the training. Results OSCE Roadshows at four metropolitan and one rural teaching hospital were well received and well attended by 171 clinicians across six sessions. Unexpectedly, medical students also attended in large numbers (n=220). After training, participants' average scores for the mock OSCE clustered closely around the ideal score of 28 (out of 40), and the average scores did not differ according to the levels of clinical experience. Conclusion The OSCE Roadshow demonstrated the potential of brief familiarisation training in reaching large numbers of current and potential OSCE examiners in a time and cost-effective manner to promote standardisation of OSCE processes.

Associations between formative practice quizzes and summative examination outcomes in a medical anatomy course.

PubMed

McNulty, John A; Espiritu, Baltazar R; Hoyt, Amy E; Ensminger, David C; Chandrasekhar, Arcot J

2015-01-01

Formative practice quizzes have become common resources for self-evaluation and focused reviews of course content in the medical curriculum. We conducted two separate studies to (1) compare the effects of a single or multiple voluntary practice quizzes on subsequent summative examinations and (2) examine when students are most likely to use practice quizzes relative to the summative examinations. In the first study, providing a single on-line practice quiz followed by instructor feedback had no effect on examination average grades compared to the previous year or student performances on similar questions. However, there were significant correlations between student performance on each practice quiz and each summative examination (r = 0.42 and r = 0.24). When students were provided multiple practice quizzes with feedback (second study), there were weak correlations between the frequency of use and performance on each summative examination (r = 0.17 and r = 0.07). The frequency with which students accessed the practice quizzes was greatest the day before each examination. In both studies, there was a decline in the level of student utilization of practice quizzes over time. We conclude that practice quizzes provide some predictive value for performances on summative examinations. Second, making practice quizzes available for longer periods prior to summative examinations does not promote the use of the quizzes as a study strategy because students appear to use them mostly to assess knowledge one to two days prior to examinations. © 2014 American Association of Anatomists.

The effect of cone beam CT (CBCT) on therapeutic decision-making in endodontics

PubMed Central

Knutsson, K; Flygare, L

2014-01-01

Objectives: The aim was to assess to what extent cone beam CT (CBCT) used in accordance with current European Commission guidelines in a normal clinical setting has an impact on therapeutic decisions in a population referred for endodontic problems. Methods: The study includes data of consecutively examined patients collected from October 2011 to December 2012. From 2 different endodontic specialist clinics, 57 patients were referred for a CBCT examination using criteria in accordance with current European guidelines. The CBCT examinations were performed using similar equipment and standardized among clinics. After a thorough clinical examination, but before CBCT, the examiner made a preliminary therapy plan which was recorded. After the CBCT examination, the same examiner made a new therapy plan. Therapy plans both before and after the CBCT examination were plotted for 53 patients and 81 teeth. As four patients had incomplete protocols, they were not included in the final analysis. Results: 4% of the patients referred to endodontic clinics during the study period were examined with CBCT. The most frequent reason for referral to CBCT examination was to differentiate pathology from normal anatomy, this was the case in 24 patients (45% of the cases). The primary outcome was therapy plan changes that could be attributed to CBCT examination. There were changes in 28 patients (53%). Conclusions: CBCT has a significant impact on therapeutic decision efficacy in endodontics when used in concordance with the current European Commission guidelines. PMID:24766060

M-HELP: a miniaturized total health examination system launched on a mobile phone platform.

PubMed

Yu, Yang; Li, Jingjing; Liu, Jing

2013-11-01

A timely health examination is of great significance for incipient disease detection and prevention. However, conventional examinations generally rely heavily on bulky and expensive instrumentation, which is not easily available. To address technical barriers, an innovative, highly miniaturized, and integrated health examination system-Mobile Health Examination Launched on the Phone (M-HELP)-was developed. Based on the design of a multifunctional Android® (Google, Mountain View, CA) application and the development of different wireless biomedical sensor modules, a mobile phone was incorporated into a central terminal for personal health examination. More than 12 parameters, including electrocardiogram, heart sound, and eye test, as well as others, covered the majority of the crucial parameters in a total health examination and have been successfully established and incorporated into the system. Unlike the conventional examination, the M-HELP system could generate electronic health records and send them to physicians via e-mails or multimedia messages. This significantly simplifies the general health examination with much lower cost and fewer temporal and spatial restrictions. For proof of concept, a bench-scale test recruiting 11 volunteer subjects showed that the average time spent on a total health examination with M-HELP system was about 28 min. This article clarifies the basic concept of a total health examination on the platform of a mobile phone, demonstrates the basic features of the M-HELP system with group tests, and suggests the practical future application of the new system and the scientific issues thus raised.

Aspects of emotional and physical discomfort in gynecologic examination: a study of Turkish women.

PubMed

Tugut, Nilufer; Golbasi, Zehra

2014-06-01

This cross-sectional study was carried out to determine physical and emotional discomforts experienced before and after a gynecologic examination by women who presented to the outpatient clinic of the gynecology and obstetrics department at a university hospital. The sample of study was composed of 248 women. Data were collected with a survey form developed by researchers. T-test and variance analysis were used in statistical analysis. Emotional discomfort before the examination was felt by 80.2% of the women, while 80.6% stated they felt emotional discomfort after the examination. Physical discomfort before the examination was experienced by 67.3% of the women, while 76.6% stated that they felt physical discomfort after the examination. The emotional discomfort mean score was 5.02 ± 3.24 before examination and 4.62 ± 3.23 after examination (P > 0.05). The physical discomfort mean score was 3.38 ± 3.12 before examination and 3.94 ± 3.02 after examination and the difference between mean scores was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The women felt more physical discomfort during the examination than they anticipated beforehand. The emotional discomfort in women who preferred a female physician was significantly higher than in those who preferred a male physician or who had no preference on the sex of their physician. © 2014 The Authors. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research © 2014 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Sensitivity of physical examination versus arthroscopy in diagnosing subscapularis tendon injury.

PubMed

Faruqui, Sami; Wijdicks, Coen; Foad, Abdullah

2014-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy of physical examination in the detection of subscapularis tendon tears and compare it with the gold standard of arthroscopy to determine whether clinical examination can reliably predict the presence of subscapularis tendon tears. This was a retrospective analysis of 52 patients (52 shoulders) who underwent arthroscopic subscapularis tendon repairs between September 2008 and April 2012. Positive findings on any combination of the belly press, lift-off, and bear hug tests constituted a positive physical examination result. There was a positive finding on physical examination in 42 of 52 patients. The sensitivity of the physical examination as a whole was 81%. The literature has shown that the belly press, bear hug, and lift-off tests are specific to the subscapularis tendon. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the sensitivity of these 3 separate clinical tests as a composite. Knowledge regarding the sensitivity of the subscapularis-specific physical examination as a composite can lead practitioners to implement all 3 components, even when 1 test has a negative finding, thus promoting a more thorough physical examination. Because unrepaired subscapularis tendon tears can result in poor outcomes in the repair of other rotator cuff tendons, a complete physical examination would be beneficial to patients with shoulder pathology. The authors conclude that physical examination, when performed consistently by an experienced practitioner, can reliably predict the presence of subscapularis tendon tears.

Lack of genitourinary physical examination before urologic consultation--a quality of care issue.

PubMed

Ylitalo, Adam W; Ylitalo, Kelly R; Santucci, Richard A

2012-12-01

To quantify the frequency of genitourinary (GU) physical examinations obtained by the emergency department or primary hospital team before obtaining a urologic consultation and evaluate the role of the different demographic and clinical factors. For 6 weeks, from July to August 2010, 420 consecutive patients evaluated by the urology consultation service had their medical charts reviewed retrospectively, with the frequency of GU physical examination performed by the emergency department or primary hospital team recorded. Of 357 patients requiring a urologic consultation, 88 of 324 (27%) had a GU physical examination performed by the emergency department and 98 of 319 (31%) had a GU physical examination performed by the primary hospital team before the urologic consultation. The emergency department was 6 times more likely to perform a GU physical examination on a male patient than a female patient, and the primary team was twice as likely to perform a GU physical examination on a male patient than a female patient. The likelihood of examination by either team decreased as patients became older. Race was not significantly associated with the likelihood of examination. The results of our study indicate that examinations are performed less than one-third of the time before obtaining a urologic consultation, with the frequency related to age and sex. The low rate of preconsultation examination creates concern for quality of care, the correctness of billing, and unnecessary urologic consultations. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Evaluating the prevalence and impact of examiner errors on the Wechsler scales of intelligence: A meta-analysis.

PubMed

Styck, Kara M; Walsh, Shana M

2016-01-01

The purpose of the present investigation was to conduct a meta-analysis of the literature on examiner errors for the Wechsler scales of intelligence. Results indicate that a mean of 99.7% of protocols contained at least 1 examiner error when studies that included a failure to record examinee responses as an error were combined and a mean of 41.2% of protocols contained at least 1 examiner error when studies that ignored errors of omission were combined. Furthermore, graduate student examiners were significantly more likely to make at least 1 error on Wechsler intelligence test protocols than psychologists. However, psychologists made significantly more errors per protocol than graduate student examiners regardless of the inclusion or exclusion of failure to record examinee responses as errors. On average, 73.1% of Full-Scale IQ (FSIQ) scores changed as a result of examiner errors, whereas 15.8%-77.3% of scores on the Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI), Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI), Working Memory Index (WMI), and Processing Speed Index changed as a result of examiner errors. In addition, results suggest that examiners tend to overestimate FSIQ scores and underestimate VCI scores. However, no strong pattern emerged for the PRI and WMI. It can be concluded that examiner errors occur frequently and impact index and FSIQ scores. Consequently, current estimates for the standard error of measurement of popular IQ tests may not adequately capture the variance due to the examiner. (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

Influence of music training on academic examination-induced stress in Thai adolescents.

PubMed

Laohawattanakun, Janejira; Chearskul, Supornpim; Dumrongphol, Hattaya; Jutapakdeegul, Nuanchan; Yensukjai, Juntima; Khumphan, Nipaporn; Niltiean, Songwit; Thangnipon, Wipawan

2011-01-10

Several pieces of evidence suggest that academic examinations fulfill the classical requirement of a psychological stressor. Academic examinations represent a stressful challenge to many students, but studies on examination-dependent corticosteroid response, a sensitive physiological indicator of a stress response, are inconsistent. In addition, several studies showed that music can decrease cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels, and other studies have found that music also may enhance a variety of cognitive functions, such as attention, learning, communication and memory. The present study investigated cortisol response in saliva of Thai adolescents taking academic examinations and analyzed the differences of the stress response between musician and control subjects. Also, we observed whether the academic examination-dependent corticosteroid response affected learning and memory in the test subjects, which comprised 30 musician and 30 control students, age ranging from 15 to 17 years. Mathematical examinations were used as the stressor. Pre- and post-academic examination saliva cortisol levels were measured including self-estimated stress levels. Results showed that the pre-academic examination saliva cortisol concentrations of the musician group are significantly lower than those of the control group, whereas there is no difference in the stress inventory scores. Interestingly, among students with grade point average (GPA) of >3.50, pre-academic examination cortisol levels are significantly lower in the musician compared with control group. This study suggests that under academic examination-induced stress condition, music training can reduce saliva cortisol level in Thai adolescents. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Digital Rectal Examination Reduces Hospital Admissions, Endoscopies, and Medical Therapy in Patients with Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

PubMed

Shrestha, Manish P; Borgstrom, Mark; Trowers, Eugene

2017-07-01

Although digital rectal examination is an established part of physical examinations in patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding, clinicians are reluctant to perform a rectal examination. We intended to assess whether rectal examination affects the clinical management decision in these patients. We performed a single-center, retrospective, cross-sectional study using data from electronic health records of patients aged ≥18 years presenting to the emergency department with acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Hospital admissions, intensive care unit admissions, gastroenterology consultation, initiation of medical therapy (proton pump inhibitor or octreotide), and inpatient endoscopy (upper endoscopy or colonoscopy) were assessed as outcomes. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Of 1237 patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding, 549 (44.4%) did not have a rectal examination. Patients who had a rectal examination were less likely to be admitted than patients who did not have a rectal examination (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.30-0.79; P = .004). Patients who had a rectal examination were less likely to be started on medical therapy (AOR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.41-0.98; P = .04) and to have endoscopy (AOR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.44-0.94; P = .02) than patients who did not have a rectal examination. Rectal examination in patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding can assist clinicians with clinical management decision and reduce admissions, endoscopies, and medical therapy in these patients. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

47 CFR 13.211 - Commercial radio operator license examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Commercial radio operator license examination. 13.211 Section 13.211 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL COMMERCIAL RADIO OPERATORS Examination System § 13.211 Commercial radio operator license examination. (a) Each session where...

14 CFR 183.21 - Aviation Medical Examiners.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Aviation Medical Examiners. 183.21 Section 183.21 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED... Aviation Medical Examiners. An Aviation Medical Examiner may— (a) Accept applications for physical...

14 CFR 183.21 - Aviation Medical Examiners.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Aviation Medical Examiners. 183.21 Section 183.21 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED... Aviation Medical Examiners. An Aviation Medical Examiner may— (a) Accept applications for physical...

14 CFR 183.21 - Aviation Medical Examiners.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Aviation Medical Examiners. 183.21 Section 183.21 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED... Aviation Medical Examiners. An Aviation Medical Examiner may— (a) Accept applications for physical...

14 CFR 183.21 - Aviation Medical Examiners.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Aviation Medical Examiners. 183.21 Section 183.21 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED... Aviation Medical Examiners. An Aviation Medical Examiner may— (a) Accept applications for physical...

14 CFR 183.21 - Aviation Medical Examiners.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Aviation Medical Examiners. 183.21 Section 183.21 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED... Aviation Medical Examiners. An Aviation Medical Examiner may— (a) Accept applications for physical...

5 CFR 930.203 - Cost of competitive examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) PROGRAMS FOR SPECIFIC POSITIONS AND EXAMINATIONS (MISCELLANEOUS) Administrative Law Judge Program § 930.203 Cost of competitive examination. Each agency employing administrative law judges... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Cost of competitive examination. 930.203...

5 CFR 930.203 - Cost of competitive examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) PROGRAMS FOR SPECIFIC POSITIONS AND EXAMINATIONS (MISCELLANEOUS) Administrative Law Judge Program § 930.203 Cost of competitive examination. Each agency employing administrative law judges... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Cost of competitive examination. 930.203...

30 CFR 850.14 - Examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Examination. 850.14 Section 850.14 Mineral..., EXAMINATION, AND CERTIFICATION OF BLASTERS PERMANENT REGULATORY PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS-STANDARDS FOR CERTIFICATION OF BLASTERS § 850.14 Examination. (a) The regulatory authority shall ensure that candidates for...

13 CFR 108.692 - Examination fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Examination fees. 108.692 Section 108.692 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NEW MARKETS VENTURE CAPITAL (âNMVCâ) PROGRAM Recordkeeping, Reporting, and Examination Requirements for NMVC Companies Examinations of...

Financial Analysis of Experimental Releases Conducted at Glen Canyon Dam during Water Year 2014

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Graziano, D. J.; Poch, L. A.; Veselka, T. D.

This report examines the financial implications of experimental flows conducted at the Glen Canyon Dam (GCD) in water year (WY) 2014. It is the sixth report in a series examining the financial implications of experimental flows conducted since the Record of Decision (ROD) was adopted in February 1997 (Reclamation 1996). A report released in January 2011 examined water years 1997 to 2005 (Veselka et al. 2011), a report released in August 2011 examined water years 2006 to 2010 (Poch et al. 2011), a report released June 2012 examined water year 2011 (Poch et al. 2012), a report released April 2013more » examined water year 2012 (Poch et al. 2013), and a report released June 2014 examined water year 2013 (Graziano et al. 2014).« less

[Present situation and future prospects of the certification system for medical technologists--from the viewpoint of the Japanese Society of Clinical Cytology].

PubMed

Hatakeyama, Shigeharu; Hirooka, Yasuaki

2012-06-01

The circumstances surrounding the certification examination for cytotechnologists in Japan are closely related with the history of the Japanese Society of Clinical Cytology. The examination for cytotechnologists is open only to medical technologists. The examination has two parts: primary and secondary. Qualification for candidacy for the secondary examination requires candidates to have passed the primary examination. The rate of successful applicants in the past 10 years was approximately 25-40%. Certified cytotechnologists are required to renew their qualifications every 4 years for their study and job history. I will present the purpose of the qualification update system, future themes, the reporting system for cytodiagnosis, and the possibility that the certification examination for cytotechnologists will become a national examination.

Modeling an integrative physical examination program for the Departments of Defense and Veterans Affairs.

PubMed

Goodrich, Scott G

2006-10-01

Current policies governing the Departments of Defense and Veterans Affairs physical examination programs are out of step with current evidence-based medical practice. Replacing periodic and other routine physical examination types with annual preventive health assessments would afford our service members additional health benefit at reduced cost. Additionally, the Departments of Defense and Veterans Affairs repeat the physical examination process at separation and have been unable to reconcile their respective disability evaluation systems to reduce duplication and waste. A clear, coherent, and coordinated strategy to improve the relevance and utility of our physical examination programs is long overdue. This article discusses existing physical examination programs and proposes a model for a new integrative physical examination program based on need, science, and common sense.

Cost accounting of radiological examinations. Cost analysis of radiological examinations of intermediate referral hospitals and general practice.

PubMed

Lääperi, A L

1996-01-01

The purpose of this study was to analyse the cost structure of radiological procedures in the intermediary referral hospitals and general practice and to develop a cost accounting system for radiological examinations that takes into consideration all relevant cost factors and is suitable for management of radiology departments and regional planning of radiological resources. The material comprised 174,560 basic radiological examinations performed in 1991 at 5 intermediate referral hospitals and 13 public health centres in the Pirkanmaa Hospital District in Finland. All radiological departments in the hospitals were managed by a specialist in radiology. The radiology departments at the public health care centres operated on a self-referral basis by general practitioners. The data were extracted from examination lists, inventories and balance sheets; parts of the data were estimated or calculated. The radiological examinations were compiled according to the type of examination and equipment used: conventional, contrast medium, ultrasound, mammography and roentgen examinations with mobile equipment. The majority of the examinations (87%) comprised conventional radiography. For cost analysis the cost items were grouped into 5 cost factors: personnel, equipment, material, real estate and administration costs. The depreciation time used was 10 years for roentgen equipment, 5 years for ultrasound equipment and 5 to 10 years for other capital goods. An annual interest rate of 10% was applied. Standard average values based on a sample at 2 hospitals were used for the examination-specific radiologist time, radiographer time and material costs. Four cost accounting versions with varying allocation of the major cost items were designed. Two-way analysis of variance of the effect of different allocation methods on the costs and cost structure of the examination groups was performed. On the basis of the cost analysis a cost accounting program containing both monetary and nonmonetary variables was developed. In it the radiologist, radiographer and examination-specific equipment costs were allocated to the examinations applying estimated cost equivalents. Some minor cost items were replaced by a general cost factor (GCF). The program is suitable for internal cost accounting of radiological departments as well as regional planning. If more accurate cost information is required, cost assignment employing the actual consumption of the resources and applying the principles of activity-based cost accounting is recommended. As an application of the cost accounting formula the average costs of the radiological examinations were calculated. In conventional radiography the average proportion of the cost factors in the total material was: personnel costs 43%, equipment costs 26%, material costs 7%, real estate costs 11%, administration and overheads 14%. The average total costs including radiologist costs in the hospitals were (FIM): conventional roentgen examinations 188, contrast medium examinations 695, ultrasound 296, mammography 315, roentgen examinations with mobile equipment 1578. The average total costs without radiologist costs in the public health centres were (FIM): conventional roentgen examinations 107, contrast medium examinations 988, ultrasound 203, mammography 557. The average currency rate of exchange in 1991 was USD 1 = FIM 4.046. The following formula is proposed for calculating the cost of a radiological examination (or a group of examinations) performed with a certain piece of equipment during a period of time (e.g. 1 year): a2/ sigma ax*ax+ b2/ sigma bx*bx+ d1/d5*dx+ e1 + [(c1+ c2) + d4 + (e2 - e3) + f5 + g1+ g2+ i]/n.

A comparison of the effects of a special gynaecological garment and music in reducing the anxiety related to gynaecological examination.

PubMed

Kocabaş, Pembegül; Khorshid, Leyla

2012-03-01

To investigate the effect of a special gynaecological garment and music plus the special gynaecological garment on reducing the state anxiety related to gynaecological examination. Gynaecological examination is one of the most common anxiety-producing medical procedures and causes embarrassment and discomfort. Few studies have focused on the effect of a gynaecological garment on anxiety associated with gynaecological examinations. The patients were allocated to one of three groups, one control and two experimental. While the patients in the control group were subjected to the normal outpatient procedure, the patients in the first experimental group were dressed in a special gynaecological garment. In the control group, gynaecological examinations were performed with a traditional one-piece drape. In addition to wearing the special gynaecological garment, the women in the garment + music group listened to music during the gynaecological examination. The State Anxiety Inventory Form was applied to the patients in all three groups before and after gynaecological examination. The state anxiety level after gynaecological examination in patients in the control group was found to be higher, but it was found to be lower in patients in both the first experimental group (garment) and the second experimental group (garment + music). The state anxiety level was found to be more reduced in the experimental groups than in the control group. The state anxiety level after gynaecological examination was found to be higher in single patients in the second experimental group. The special gynaecological garments are effective in reducing the state anxiety associated with gynaecological examination. It should be taken into consideration that women perceived state anxiety during the gynaecological examinations. To allay anxiety associated with gynaecological examination in women, a special garment may be considered. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Support of evidence-based guidelines for the annual physical examination: a survey of primary care providers.

PubMed

Prochazka, Allan V; Lundahl, Kristy; Pearson, Wesley; Oboler, Sylvia K; Anderson, Robert J

2005-06-27

Current evidence does not support an annual screening physical examination for asymptomatic adults, but little is known about primary care provider (PCP) attitudes and practices regarding an annual physical examination. We conducted a postal survey (32 items) of attitudes and practices regarding the annual physical examination (in asymptomatic patients 18 years or older) of a random sample of PCPs (specializing in internal medicine, family practice, and obstetrics/gynecology) from 3 geographic areas (Boston, Mass; Denver, Colo; and San Diego, Calif). Respondents included 783 (47%) of 1679 PCPs. Overall, 430 (65%) of 664 agreed that an annual physical examination is necessary. Three hundred ninety-three (55%) of 712 disagreed with the statement that national organizations do not recommend an annual physical examination, and 641 (88%) of 726 perform such examinations. Most PCPs agreed that an annual physical examination provides time to counsel patients about preventive health services (696/739 [94%]), improves patient-physician relationships (693/737 [94%]), and is desired by most patients (572/737 [78%]). Most also believe that an annual physical examination improves detection of subclinical illness (545/738 [74%]) and is of proven value (461/736 [63%]). Many believed that tests should be part of an annual physical examination, including mammography (44%), a lipid panel (48%), urinalysis (44%), testing of blood glucose level (46%), and complete blood cell count (39%). Despite contrary evidence, most PCPs believe an annual physical examination detects subclinical illness, and many report performing unproven screening laboratory tests. Primary care providers do not appear to accept recommendations that annual physical examinations be abandoned in favor of a more selective approach to preventing health problems.

Accuracy of Medical Students in Detecting Pleural Effusion Using Lung Ultrasound as an Adjunct to the Physical Examination.

PubMed

Steinmetz, Peter; Oleskevich, Sharon; Dyachenko, Alina; McCusker, Jane; Lewis, John

2018-03-25

This study compared the accuracy of medical students in identifying pleural effusion in hospitalized patients using the physical examination versus lung ultrasound (US). Fourth-year medical students (n = 14) received 20 hours of general practical US training (including 2 hours of specialized lung US training) plus theoretical and video documentation. The students used the physical examination alone versus the physical examination plus lung US to document the presence or absence of pleural effusion in the right and left hemithoraces of hospitalized patients (n = 11 patients; 22 hemithoraces examined 544 times in total). The reference standard for identification of pleural effusion was a lung US examination by 2 expert point-of-care sonographers. The odds of correctly identifying the presence versus absence of pleural effusion was 5 times greater with lung US as an adjunct to the physical examination compared to the physical examination alone (odds ratio [OR], 5.1 from multivariate logistic regression; 95% confidence interval, 3.3-8.0). The addition of lung US to the physical examination resulted in an increase in sensitivity from 48% to 90%, in specificity from 73% to 86%, and in accuracy from 60% to 88%. The benefits of using US were greater when pleural effusion was present versus absent (OR, 10.8 versus 2.4) and when examining older versus younger patients (OR, 10.2 versus 2.8). These results demonstrate that medical students' ability to detect the presence or absence of pleural effusion is superior when using lung US as an adjunct to the physical examination than when using the physical examination alone. © 2018 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

United States Medical Licensing Examination and American Board of Pediatrics Certification Examination Results: Does the Residency Program Contribute to Trainee Achievement.

PubMed

Welch, Thomas R; Olson, Brad G; Nelsen, Elizabeth; Beck Dallaghan, Gary L; Kennedy, Gloria A; Botash, Ann

2017-09-01

To determine whether training site or prior examinee performance on the US Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) step 1 and step 2 might predict pass rates on the American Board of Pediatrics (ABP) certifying examination. Data from graduates of pediatric residency programs completing the ABP certifying examination between 2009 and 2013 were obtained. For each, results of the initial ABP certifying examination were obtained, as well as results on National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) step 1 and step 2 examinations. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to nest first-time ABP results within training programs to isolate program contribution to ABP results while controlling for USMLE step 1 and step 2 scores. Stepwise linear regression was then used to determine which of these examinations was a better predictor of ABP results. A total of 1110 graduates of 15 programs had complete testing results and were subject to analysis. Mean ABP scores for these programs ranged from 186.13 to 214.32. The hierarchical linear model suggested that the interaction of step 1 and 2 scores predicted ABP performance (F[1,1007.70] = 6.44, P = .011). By conducting a multilevel model by training program, both USMLE step examinations predicted first-time ABP results (b = .002, t = 2.54, P = .011). Linear regression analyses indicated that step 2 results were a better predictor of ABP performance than step 1 or a combination of the two USMLE scores. Performance on the USMLE examinations, especially step 2, predicts performance on the ABP certifying examination. The contribution of training site to ABP performance was statistically significant, though contributed modestly to the effect compared with prior USMLE scores. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Performance of Physical Examination Skills in Medical Students during Diagnostic Medicine Course in a University Hospital of Northwest China

PubMed Central

Li, Yan; Li, Na; Han, Qunying; He, Shuixiang; Bae, Ricard S.; Liu, Zhengwen; Lv, Yi; Shi, Bingyin

2014-01-01

This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of physical examination (PE) skills during our diagnostic medicine course and analyze the characteristics of the data collected to provide information for practical guidance to improve the quality of teaching. Seventy-two fourth-year medical students were enrolled in the study. All received an assessment of PE skills after receiving a 17-week formal training course and systematic teaching. Their performance was evaluated and recorded in detail using a checklist, which included 5 aspects of PE skills: examination techniques, communication and care skills, content items, appropriateness of examination sequence, and time taken. Error frequency and type were designated as the assessment parameters in the survey. The results showed that the distribution and the percentage in examination errors between male and female students and among the different body parts examined were significantly different (p<0.001). The average error frequency per student in females (0.875) was lower than in males (1.375) although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.167). The average error frequency per student in cardiac (1.267) and pulmonary (1.389) examinations was higher than in abdominal (0.867) and head, neck and nervous system examinations (0.917). Female students had a lower average error frequency than males in cardiac examinations (p = 0.041). Additionally, error in examination techniques was the highest type of error among the 5 aspects of PE skills irrespective of participant gender and assessment content (p<0.001). These data suggest that PE skills in cardiac and pulmonary examinations and examination techniques may be included in the main focus of improving the teaching of diagnostics in these medical students. PMID:25329685

Performance of physical examination skills in medical students during diagnostic medicine course in a University Hospital of Northwest China.

PubMed

Li, Yan; Li, Na; Han, Qunying; He, Shuixiang; Bae, Ricard S; Liu, Zhengwen; Lv, Yi; Shi, Bingyin

2014-01-01

This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of physical examination (PE) skills during our diagnostic medicine course and analyze the characteristics of the data collected to provide information for practical guidance to improve the quality of teaching. Seventy-two fourth-year medical students were enrolled in the study. All received an assessment of PE skills after receiving a 17-week formal training course and systematic teaching. Their performance was evaluated and recorded in detail using a checklist, which included 5 aspects of PE skills: examination techniques, communication and care skills, content items, appropriateness of examination sequence, and time taken. Error frequency and type were designated as the assessment parameters in the survey. The results showed that the distribution and the percentage in examination errors between male and female students and among the different body parts examined were significantly different (p<0.001). The average error frequency per student in females (0.875) was lower than in males (1.375) although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.167). The average error frequency per student in cardiac (1.267) and pulmonary (1.389) examinations was higher than in abdominal (0.867) and head, neck and nervous system examinations (0.917). Female students had a lower average error frequency than males in cardiac examinations (p = 0.041). Additionally, error in examination techniques was the highest type of error among the 5 aspects of PE skills irrespective of participant gender and assessment content (p<0.001). These data suggest that PE skills in cardiac and pulmonary examinations and examination techniques may be included in the main focus of improving the teaching of diagnostics in these medical students.

The relationship between performance on the Infectious Diseases In-Training and Certification Examinations.

PubMed

Grabovsky, Irina; Hess, Brian J; Haist, Steven A; Lipner, Rebecca S; Hawley, Janine L; Woodward, Stephanie; Engleberg, N Cary

2015-03-01

The Infectious Diseases Society of America In-Training Examination (IDSA ITE) is a feedback tool used to help fellows track their knowledge acquisition during fellowship training. We determined whether the scores on the IDSA ITE and from other major medical knowledge assessments predict performance on the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Infectious Disease Certification Examination. The sample was 1021 second-year fellows who took the IDSA ITE and ABIM Infectious Disease Certification Examination from 2008 to 2012. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine if ABIM Infectious Disease Certification Examination scores were predicted by IDSA ITE scores, prior United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) scores, ABIM Internal Medicine Certification Examination scores, fellowship director ratings of medical knowledge, and demographic variables. Logistic regression was used to evaluate if these same assessments predicted a passing outcome on the certification examination. IDSA ITE scores were the strongest predictor of ABIM Infectious Disease Certification Examination scores (β = .319), followed by prior ABIM Internal Medicine Certification Examination scores (β = .258), USMLE Step 1 scores (β = .202), USMLE Step 3 scores (β = .130), and fellowship directors' medical knowledge ratings (β = .063). IDSA ITE scores were also a significant predictor of passing the Infectious Disease Certification Examination (odds ratio, 1.017 [95% confidence interval, 1.013-1.021]). The significant relationship between the IDSA ITE score and performance on the ABIM Infectious Disease Certification Examination supports the use of the ITE as a valid feedback tool in fellowship training. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Placement into First College Mathematics Course: A Comparison of the Results of the Michigan State University Proctored Mathematics Placement Examination and the Unproctored Mathematics Placement Examination

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Drake, Samuel

2010-01-01

The primary purpose of this study was to compare the results of the Michigan State University (MSU) unproctored examination to the results of the proctored examination. Both examinations are used to determine whether first time freshmen at MSU are ready for a standard mathematics course or if a remedial course is necessary. In addition to…

The endothelial sample size analysis in corneal specular microscopy clinical examinations.

PubMed

Abib, Fernando C; Holzchuh, Ricardo; Schaefer, Artur; Schaefer, Tania; Godois, Ronialci

2012-05-01

To evaluate endothelial cell sample size and statistical error in corneal specular microscopy (CSM) examinations. One hundred twenty examinations were conducted with 4 types of corneal specular microscopes: 30 with each BioOptics, CSO, Konan, and Topcon corneal specular microscopes. All endothelial image data were analyzed by respective instrument software and also by the Cells Analyzer software with a method developed in our lab. A reliability degree (RD) of 95% and a relative error (RE) of 0.05 were used as cut-off values to analyze images of the counted endothelial cells called samples. The sample size mean was the number of cells evaluated on the images obtained with each device. Only examinations with RE < 0.05 were considered statistically correct and suitable for comparisons with future examinations. The Cells Analyzer software was used to calculate the RE and customized sample size for all examinations. Bio-Optics: sample size, 97 ± 22 cells; RE, 6.52 ± 0.86; only 10% of the examinations had sufficient endothelial cell quantity (RE < 0.05); customized sample size, 162 ± 34 cells. CSO: sample size, 110 ± 20 cells; RE, 5.98 ± 0.98; only 16.6% of the examinations had sufficient endothelial cell quantity (RE < 0.05); customized sample size, 157 ± 45 cells. Konan: sample size, 80 ± 27 cells; RE, 10.6 ± 3.67; none of the examinations had sufficient endothelial cell quantity (RE > 0.05); customized sample size, 336 ± 131 cells. Topcon: sample size, 87 ± 17 cells; RE, 10.1 ± 2.52; none of the examinations had sufficient endothelial cell quantity (RE > 0.05); customized sample size, 382 ± 159 cells. A very high number of CSM examinations had sample errors based on Cells Analyzer software. The endothelial sample size (examinations) needs to include more cells to be reliable and reproducible. The Cells Analyzer tutorial routine will be useful for CSM examination reliability and reproducibility.

Volunteer patients and small groups contribute to abdominal examination's success.

PubMed

Shields, Helen M; Fernandez-Becker, Nielsen Q; Flier, Sarah N; Vaughn, Byron P; Tukey, Melissa H; Pelletier, Stephen R; Horst, Douglas A

2017-01-01

Prior to 2007, we taught the abdominal examination in a hospital based group to 40 students, at one hospital. We used volunteer patients, small groups, repetition, and required faculty development sessions. In 2007, our medical school changed its "Introduction to Physical Examination" session so that the entire class was to be taught in a geographically central session. Our hospital was selected to lead the abdominal examination portion of the session. Our aim was to answer three questions. First, could we quadruple the recruitment of volunteer patients, and faculty? Second, was it volunteer patients, small groups, repetition, or faculty training that was most valued by the students? Third, would volunteer patients and/or faculty agree to participate a second time? A total of 43-46 patients and 43-46 faculty were recruited and 43-46 examining rooms were obtained for each of the 5 years of this study. Teachers were required to attend a 1-hour faculty development session. The class of about 170 students was divided into 43-46 groups each year. The teacher demonstrated the abdominal examination and each student practiced the examination on another student. Each student then repeated the full abdominal examination on a volunteer patient. Over the 5-year time period (2008-2012), the abdominal examination ranked first among all organ systems' "Introductory Sessions". The abdominal examination ratings had the best mean score (1.35) on a Likert scale where 1 is excellent and 5 is poor. The students gave the most positive spontaneous comments to having volunteer patients, with small groups coming in as the second most appreciated educational element. We successfully quadrupled the number of faculty, patients, and examining rooms and created a highly rated educational program as measured by anonymous student evaluations, patient and faculty participation, and the medical school's selecting the abdominal examination methods as an "Advanced Examination" for the Pathways Curriculum.

Association Between Flexible Duty Hour Policies and General Surgery Resident Examination Performance: A Flexibility in Duty Hour Requirements for Surgical Trainees (FIRST) Trial Analysis.

PubMed

Blay, Eddie; Hewitt, D Brock; Chung, Jeanette W; Biester, Thomas; Fiore, James F; Dahlke, Allison R; Quinn, Christopher M; Lewis, Frank R; Bilimoria, Karl Y

2017-02-01

Concerns persist about the effect of current duty hour reforms on resident educational outcomes. We investigated whether a flexible, less-restrictive duty hour policy (Flexible Policy) was associated with differential general surgery examination performance compared with current ACGME duty hour policy (Standard Policy). We obtained examination scores on the American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination, Qualifying Examination (written boards), and Certifying Examination (oral boards) for residents in 117 general surgery residency programs that participated in the Flexibility in Duty Hour Requirements for Surgical Trainees (FIRST) Trial. Using bivariate analyses and regression models, we compared resident examination performance across study arms (Flexible Policy vs Standard Policy) for 2015 and 2016, and 1 year of the Qualifying Examination and Certifying Examination. Adjusted analyses accounted for program-level factors, including the stratification variable for randomization. In 2016, FIRST trial participants were 4,363 general surgery residents. Mean American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination scores for residents were not significantly different between study groups (Flexible Policy vs Standard Policy) overall (Flexible Policy: mean [SD] 502.6 [100.9] vs Standard Policy: 502.7 [98.6]; p = 0.98) or for any individual postgraduate year level. There was no difference in pass rates between study arms for either the Qualifying Examination (Flexible Policy: 90.4% vs Standard Policy: 90.5%; p = 0.99) or Certifying Examination (Flexible Policy: 86.3% vs Standard Policy: 88.6%; p = 0.24). Results from adjusted analyses were consistent with these findings. Flexible, less-restrictive duty hour policies were not associated with differences in general surgery resident performance on examinations during the FIRST Trial. However, more years under flexible duty hour policies might be needed to observe an effect. Copyright © 2016 American College of Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Education Research: Bias and poor interrater reliability in evaluating the neurology clinical skills examination

PubMed Central

Schuh, L A.; London, Z; Neel, R; Brock, C; Kissela, B M.; Schultz, L; Gelb, D J.

2009-01-01

Objective: The American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN) has recently replaced the traditional, centralized oral examination with the locally administered Neurology Clinical Skills Examination (NEX). The ABPN postulated the experience with the NEX would be similar to the Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise, a reliable and valid assessment tool. The reliability and validity of the NEX has not been established. Methods: NEX encounters were videotaped at 4 neurology programs. Local faculty and ABPN examiners graded the encounters using 2 different evaluation forms: an ABPN form and one with a contracted rating scale. Some NEX encounters were purposely failed by residents. Cohen’s kappa and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated for local vs ABPN examiners. Results: Ninety-eight videotaped NEX encounters of 32 residents were evaluated by 20 local faculty evaluators and 18 ABPN examiners. The interrater reliability for a determination of pass vs fail for each encounter was poor (kappa 0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.11, 0.53). ICC between local faculty and ABPN examiners for each performance rating on the ABPN NEX form was poor to moderate (ICC range 0.14-0.44), and did not improve with the contracted rating form (ICC range 0.09-0.36). ABPN examiners were more likely than local examiners to fail residents. Conclusions: There is poor interrater reliability between local faculty and American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology examiners. A bias was detected for favorable assessment locally, which is concerning for the validity of the examination. Further study is needed to assess whether training can improve interrater reliability and offset bias. GLOSSARY ABIM = American Board of Internal Medicine; ABPN = American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology; CI = confidence interval; HFH = Henry Ford Hospital; ICC = intraclass correlation coefficients; IM = internal medicine; mini-CEX = Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise; NEX = Neurology Clinical Skills Examination; RITE = residency inservice training examination; UC = University of Cincinnati; UM = University of Michigan; USF = University of South Florida. PMID:19605769

46 CFR 167.15-50 - Tailshaft examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Tailshaft examinations. 167.15-50 Section 167.15-50 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) NAUTICAL SCHOOLS PUBLIC NAUTICAL SCHOOL SHIPS Inspections § 167.15-50 Tailshaft examinations. Tailshaft examinations on nautical school ships...

14 CFR 141.9 - Examining authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Examining authority. 141.9 Section 141.9 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) SCHOOLS AND OTHER CERTIFICATED AGENCIES PILOT SCHOOLS General § 141.9 Examining authority. The FAA issues examining...

14 CFR 141.9 - Examining authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Examining authority. 141.9 Section 141.9 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) SCHOOLS AND OTHER CERTIFICATED AGENCIES PILOT SCHOOLS General § 141.9 Examining authority. The FAA issues examining...

14 CFR 141.9 - Examining authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Examining authority. 141.9 Section 141.9 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) SCHOOLS AND OTHER CERTIFICATED AGENCIES PILOT SCHOOLS General § 141.9 Examining authority. The FAA issues examining...

14 CFR 141.9 - Examining authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Examining authority. 141.9 Section 141.9 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) SCHOOLS AND OTHER CERTIFICATED AGENCIES PILOT SCHOOLS General § 141.9 Examining authority. The FAA issues examining...

14 CFR 141.9 - Examining authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Examining authority. 141.9 Section 141.9 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) SCHOOLS AND OTHER CERTIFICATED AGENCIES PILOT SCHOOLS General § 141.9 Examining authority. The FAA issues examining...

77 FR 4061 - Submission for Review: Certificate of Medical Examination, 3206-0250.

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-26

... OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT Submission for Review: Certificate of Medical Examination, 3206..., Certificate of Medical Examination. The information collection was previously published in the Federal.... SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Optional Form (OF) 178, Certificate of Medical Examination, is used to collect...

Predicting Mathematical Aptitude for Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McDonald, Betty

2008-01-01

This present study seeks to predict mathematical aptitude for higher education by examining the relationship between mathematics results from the Caribbean Examinations Council (CXC) general proficiency examination and the results from the General Certificate of Education (GCE) advanced level examination. This present study arose from a more…

42 CFR 493.855 - Standard; Cytology: gynecologic examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Standard; Cytology: gynecologic examinations. 493... Complexity, Or Any Combination of These Tests § 493.855 Standard; Cytology: gynecologic examinations. To participate successfully in a cytology proficiency testing program for gynecologic examinations (Pap smears...

42 CFR 493.855 - Standard; Cytology: gynecologic examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Standard; Cytology: gynecologic examinations. 493... Complexity, Or Any Combination of These Tests § 493.855 Standard; Cytology: gynecologic examinations. To participate successfully in a cytology proficiency testing program for gynecologic examinations (Pap smears...

42 CFR 493.855 - Standard; Cytology: gynecologic examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Standard; Cytology: gynecologic examinations. 493... Complexity, Or Any Combination of These Tests § 493.855 Standard; Cytology: gynecologic examinations. To participate successfully in a cytology proficiency testing program for gynecologic examinations (Pap smears...

42 CFR 493.855 - Standard; Cytology: gynecologic examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Standard; Cytology: gynecologic examinations. 493... Complexity, Or Any Combination of These Tests § 493.855 Standard; Cytology: gynecologic examinations. To participate successfully in a cytology proficiency testing program for gynecologic examinations (Pap smears...

42 CFR 493.855 - Standard; Cytology: gynecologic examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Standard; Cytology: gynecologic examinations. 493... Complexity, Or Any Combination of These Tests § 493.855 Standard; Cytology: gynecologic examinations. To participate successfully in a cytology proficiency testing program for gynecologic examinations (Pap smears...

46 CFR 164.012-13 - Examinations, tests, and inspections.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Examinations, tests, and inspections. 164.012-13 Section...-13 Examinations, tests, and inspections. (a) Manufacturer's inspection and tests. Manufacturers of... upon request. (b) Laboratory inspection and tests. Such examinations, inspections and tests as are...

76 FR 28403 - National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-17

... [Docket No. FMCSA-2008-0363] RIN 2126-AA97 National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners ACTION: Notice... by training providers in implementing the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners (National... included minimum training requirements for medical examiners. The draft guidance announced by this notice...

25 CFR 11.1014 - Medical examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Medical examination. 11.1014 Section 11.1014 Indians... ORDER CODE Juvenile Offender Procedure § 11.1014 Medical examination. The children's court may order a medical examination for a minor who is alleged to be a juvenile offender. ...

41 CFR 60-741.23 - Medical examinations and inquiries.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Medical examinations and... SUBCONTRACTORS REGARDING INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES Discrimination Prohibited § 60-741.23 Medical examinations and inquiries. (a) Prohibited medical examinations or inquiries. Except as stated in paragraphs (b...

25 CFR 11.1014 - Medical examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2012-04-01 2011-04-01 true Medical examination. 11.1014 Section 11.1014 Indians... ORDER CODE Juvenile Offender Procedure § 11.1014 Medical examination. The children's court may order a medical examination for a minor who is alleged to be a juvenile offender. ...

25 CFR 11.1014 - Medical examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Medical examination. 11.1014 Section 11.1014 Indians... ORDER CODE Juvenile Offender Procedure § 11.1014 Medical examination. The children's court may order a medical examination for a minor who is alleged to be a juvenile offender. ...

25 CFR 11.1014 - Medical examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Medical examination. 11.1014 Section 11.1014 Indians... ORDER CODE Juvenile Offender Procedure § 11.1014 Medical examination. The children's court may order a medical examination for a minor who is alleged to be a juvenile offender. ...

25 CFR 11.1014 - Medical examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Medical examination. 11.1014 Section 11.1014 Indians... ORDER CODE Juvenile Offender Procedure § 11.1014 Medical examination. The children's court may order a medical examination for a minor who is alleged to be a juvenile offender. ...

42 CFR 37.95 - Specifications for performing spirometry examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... examinations must include the following: (1) Pre-test checklist. A short Spirometry Pre-Test Checklist (Form... spirometry examinations electronically with content as specified in § 37.96(b), pre-test screening checklists... spirometry examinations, pre-test checklists, and standardized respiratory assessment results in electronic...

77 FR 63337 - Renewal of Charter of Advisory Committee on Actuarial Examinations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-16

... examinations in actuarial mathematics and methodology. The Joint Board administers such examinations in... JOINT BOARD FOR THE ENROLLMENT OF ACTUARIES Renewal of Charter of Advisory Committee on Actuarial... the Advisory Committee on Actuarial Examinations. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Patrick McDonough...

40 CFR 57.808 - Opportunity for cross-examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 5 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Opportunity for cross-examination. 57.808 Section 57.808 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... Reduction Technology § 57.808 Opportunity for cross-examination. (a) Request for cross-examination. After...

37 CFR 1.484 - Conduct of international preliminary examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... be permitted a personal or telephone interview with the examiner, which may be requested after the... opinion and the establishment of the international preliminary examination report. Additional interviews may be conducted where the examiner determines that such additional interviews may be helpful to...

Twelve Tips for Organizing an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harden, R. M.

1991-01-01

Suggestions for organizing the objective structured clinical examination for medical students and physicians address selection of competencies to be evaluated, number, type, and duration of examination stations, use of examiners, clarity of instructions, test administration, resource requirements, interstation signals, and recordkeeping. (MSE)

From see one do one, to see a good one do a better one: learning physical examination skills through peer observation.

PubMed

St-Onge, Christina; Martineau, Bernard; Harvey, Anne; Bergeron, Linda; Mamede, Silvia; Rikers, Remy

2013-01-01

Learning and mastering the skills required to execute physical exams is of great importance and should be fostered early during medical training. Observing peers has been shown to positively influence the acquisition of psychomotor skills. The current study investigated the influence of peer observation on the acquisition of psychomotor skills required to execute a physical examination. Second-year medical students (N=194) learned the neurological physical examination for low back pain in groups of three. Each student learned and performed the physical examination while the other students observed. Analyses compared the impact of the quantity and the quality of observed performances on students' learning of the physical examination skills. Students benefited from observing peers while they executed their examination. Moreover, observing a high-performing peer increased the acquisition of physical examination skills. Results suggest that group learning activities that allow students to observe their peers during physical examination should be favored.

Total Body Photography as an Aid to Skin Self-examination: A Patient's Perspective.

PubMed

Secker, Lisanne J; Bergman, Wilma; Kukutsch, Nicole A

2016-02-01

Skin self-examination can help patients who are at high risk for developing melanoma to become more involved in their own surveillance and treatment. This study examined the use of total body photography as an aid to skin self-examination from the patients' perspective. A total of 179 individuals at high risk for developing melanoma who had undergone total body photography (60.5% response rate) completed a self-reported questionnaire assessing the frequency of skin self-examination, perceived usefulness of total body photography, and a variety of potential demographic, clinical and psychological factors. Only approximately half of the participants indicated skin self-examination as useful and 78.9% preferred clinical skin examination by a specialist. Finding total body photography useful was associated with having received instructions on how to perform skin self-examination, the use of a (hand)mirror, and confidence to detect changing moles. These findings allow us to develop strategies to further improve patients' self-screening behaviours.

Dynamics Of Human Motion The Case Study of an Examination Hall

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ogunjo, Samuel; Ajayi, Oluwaseyi; Fuwape, Ibiyinka; Dansu, Emmanuel

Human behaviour is difficult to characterize and generalize due to ITS complex nature. Advances in mathematical models have enabled human systems such as love interaction, alcohol abuse, admission problem to be described using models. This study investigates one of such problems, the dynamics of human motion in an examination hall with limited computer systems such that students write their examination in batches. The examination is characterized by time (t) allocated to each students and difficulty level (dl) associated with the examination. A stochastic model based on the difficulty level of the examination was developed for the prediction of student's motion around the examination hall. A good agreement was obtained between theoretical predictions and numerical simulation. The result obtained will help in better planning of examination session to maximize available resources. Furthermore, results obtained in the research can be extended to other areas such as banking hall, customer service points where available resources will be shared amongst many users.

A randomised trial of the influence of racial stereotype bias on examiners' scores, feedback and recollections in undergraduate clinical exams.

PubMed

Yeates, Peter; Woolf, Katherine; Benbow, Emyr; Davies, Ben; Boohan, Mairhead; Eva, Kevin

2017-10-25

Asian medical students and doctors receive lower scores on average than their white counterparts in examinations in the UK and internationally (a phenomenon known as "differential attainment"). This could be due to examiner bias or to social, psychological or cultural influences on learning or performance. We investigated whether students' scores or feedback show influence of ethnicity-related bias; whether examiners unconsciously bring to mind (activate) stereotypes when judging Asian students' performance; whether activation depends on the stereotypicality of students' performances; and whether stereotypes influence examiner memories of performances. This is a randomised, double-blinded, controlled, Internet-based trial. We created near-identical videos of medical student performances on a simulated Objective Structured Clinical Exam using British Asian and white British actors. Examiners were randomly assigned to watch performances from white and Asian students that were either consistent or inconsistent with a previously described stereotype of Asian students' performance. We compared the two examiner groups in terms of the following: the scores and feedback they gave white and Asian students; how much the Asian stereotype was activated in their minds (response times to Asian-stereotypical vs neutral words in a lexical decision task); and whether the stereotype influenced memories of student performances (recognition rates for real vs invented stereotype-consistent vs stereotype-inconsistent phrases from one of the videos). Examiners responded to Asian-stereotypical words (716 ms, 95% confidence interval (CI) 702-731 ms) faster than neutral words (769 ms, 95% CI 753-786 ms, p < 0.001), suggesting Asian stereotypes were activated (or at least active) in examiners' minds. This occurred regardless of whether examiners observed stereotype-consistent or stereotype-inconsistent performances. Despite this stereotype activation, student ethnicity had no influence on examiners' scores; on the feedback examiners gave; or on examiners' memories for one performance. Examiner bias does not appear to explain the differential attainment of Asian students in UK medical schools. Efforts to ensure equality should focus on social, psychological and cultural factors that may disadvantage learning or performance in Asian and other minority ethnic students.

Changing Objective Structured Clinical Examinations Stations at Lunchtime During All Day Postgraduate Surgery Examinations Improves Examiner Morale and Stress.

PubMed

Brennan, Peter A; Scrimgeour, Duncan S; Patel, Sheena; Patel, Roshnee; Griffiths, Gareth; Croke, David T; Smith, Lee; Arnett, Richard

Human factors are important causes of error, but little is known about their possible effect during objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE). We have previously identified stress and pressure in OSCE examiners in the postgraduate intercollegiate Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons (MRCS) examination. After modifying examination delivery by changing OSCE stations at lunchtime with no demonstrable effect on candidate outcome, we resurveyed examiners to ascertain whether examiner experience was improved. Examiners (n = 180) from all 4 surgical colleges in the United Kingdom and Ireland were invited to complete the previously validated human factors questionnaire used in 2014. Aggregated scores for each of 4 previously identified factors were compared with the previous data. Unit-weighted z-scores and nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis methods were used to test the hypothesis that there was no difference among the median factor z-scores for each college. Individual Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon tests (with appropriate Bonferonni corrections) were used to determine any differences between factors and the respective colleges. 141 Completed questionnaires were evaluated (78% response rate) and compared with 108 responses (90%) from the original study. Analysis was based on 26 items common to both studies. In 2014, the college with the highest candidate numbers (England) was significantly different in 1 factor (stress and pressure), compared with Edinburgh (Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon: W = 1524, p < 0.001) and Glasgow colleges (Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon: W = 104, p = 0.004). No differences were found among colleges in the same factor in 2016, Kruskall-Wallis: (χ 2 (3) = 1.73, p = 0.63). Analysis of responses found inconsistency among examiners regarding mistakes or omissions made when candidates were performing well. After making changes to OSCE delivery, factor scores relating to examiner stress and pressure are now improved and consistent across the surgical colleges. Stress and pressure can occur in OSCE examiners and examination delivery should ideally minimize these issues, thereby improving morale is also likely to benefit candidates. Copyright © 2017 Association of Program Directors in Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Prenatal examination behavior of Southeast Asian pregnant women in Taiwan: a questionnaire survey.

PubMed

Lin, Miao-Ling; Wang, Hsiu-Hung

2008-05-01

There is growing concern about the factors affecting the prenatal examinations of immigrant women. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between the knowledge of pregnancy, attitude toward pregnancy and experience of medical services, and prenatal examination behavior of pregnant Southeast Asian women in Taiwan. This was a cross-sectional study with a structured questionnaire administered to participants. Participants were recruited from the community health centers in Kaohsiung County, Taiwan. The sampling criteria were as follows: each subject was to (a) have come from a Southeast Asian country, (b) be over 28 weeks pregnant to less than one year postpartum, (c) be able to communicate either in Mandarin or Taiwanese, and (d) be willing to participate in the research after hearing an explanation of it. As a result, 140 participants were recruited. A total of 132 participants completed the questionnaire and were used for data analysis. The participants completed structured questionnaires, which included the Demographic Inventory Scale, Knowledge of Pregnancy Scale, Attitudes toward Pregnancy Scale, Experience of Medical Services Scale and the Prenatal Examination Behavior Scale. Findings show that 80.3% of the subjects attended their first-time prenatal examination during the first trimester and 59.1% of the subjects evaluated their prenatal examinations as being adequate. Their attitude toward childbearing was significantly correlated with their prenatal examination behavior, including the initial time of prenatal examination and frequencies of prenatal examinations during pregnancy. Positive attitudes toward childbearing and prenatal examination, and the number of years spent in Taiwan were all significant predictive factors of frequencies of prenatal examinations during pregnancy. The findings of this study can not only help healthcare professionals understand the prenatal examination behavior and related factors of the participants, but also provide guidance to healthcare professionals as they assist these pregnant Southeast Asian women in Taiwan in developing childbearing and family plans. The attitude toward childbearing of the participants was significantly correlated with their prenatal examination behavior. They require professional help in seeking out appropriate medical services that will improve their healthcare quality during pregnancy.

The Hypothesis-Driven Physical Examination.

PubMed

Garibaldi, Brian T; Olson, Andrew P J

2018-05-01

The physical examination remains a vital part of the clinical encounter. However, physical examination skills have declined in recent years, in part because of decreased time at the bedside. Many clinicians question the relevance of physical examinations in the age of technology. A hypothesis-driven approach to teaching and practicing the physical examination emphasizes the performance of maneuvers that can alter the likelihood of disease. Likelihood ratios are diagnostic weights that allow clinicians to estimate the post-probability of disease. This hypothesis-driven approach to the physical examination increases its value and efficiency, while preserving its cultural role in the patient-physician relationship. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[Computer optical topography: a study of the repeatability of the results of human body model examination].

PubMed

Sarnadskiĭ, V N

2007-01-01

The problem of repeatability of the results of examination of a plastic human body model is considered. The model was examined in 7 positions using an optical topograph for kyphosis diagnosis. The examination was performed under television camera monitoring. It was shown that variation of the model position in the camera view affected the repeatability of the results of topographic examination, especially if the model-to-camera distance was changed. A study of the repeatability of the results of optical topographic examination can help to increase the reliability of the topographic method, which is widely used for medical screening of children and adolescents.

The stressed student: influence of written examinations and oral presentations on salivary cortisol concentrations in university students.

PubMed

Preuss, Diana; Schoofs, Daniela; Schlotz, Wolff; Wolf, Oliver T

2010-05-01

Laboratory research has demonstrated that social-evaluative threat has an influence on the hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis (HPA). In two studies using independent samples, we evaluated the anticipatory cortisol response to a written university examination (n = 35) and to an oral presentation (n = 34). Saliva samples were collected before and after the examinations and on a control day. Additionally, saliva samples were collected on the day before the written examination and a control day. Results revealed significantly elevated cortisol concentrations on the day prior to the examination; however, this effect occurred only in those participants who had their control day after the examination. Cortisol concentrations were elevated on the examination day, with increased concentrations before but not after the examination. For the oral presentation study, the results revealed substantially elevated cortisol concentrations before and after the oral presentation. Taken together the results indicate that written examinations cause a mild anticipatory HPA response while oral presentations induce a strong HPA response. These findings appear to support the idea that social-evaluative threat is an important factor determining the size of the HPA response to laboratory stressors as well as to real-life stressors.

Inter-examiner agreement of the systematic physical examination in patients with obstructive sleep disorders.

PubMed

Sguillar, Danilo Anunciatto; de Aguiar Vidigal, Tatiana; Mangussi, João Paulo; Bittencourt, Lia; Gregório, Luiz Carlos; Tufik, Sergio; Haddad, Fernanda Louise Martinho

2016-12-01

The goal of this study was to investigate the agreement between examiners who were or were not trained in the physical examination of the upper airway (UA) and the craniofacial skeleton of individuals with obstructive sleep disorders (OSD). A systematic assessment of the UA and craniofacial skeleton was performed on 55 individuals with OSD. The participants were consecutively assessed by three otorhinolaryngologists who specialized in sleep medicine for at least 1 year (trained examiners) and two doctors who were attending a residency program in otorhinolaryngology (untrained examiners). When analyzing all of the parameters assessed, the concordance was better in the trained group (k = 0.694, which is considered "good") compared to the untrained group (k = 0.475, "fair") (p < 0.001). The inter-examiner agreement was also better in the trained compared to the untrained group, as follows: craniofacial (k = 0.643 vs. 0.349), nasal (k = 0.657 vs. 0.614), and pharyngeal (k = 0.729 vs. 0.276) abnormalities (p < 0.05). The overall concordance of the physical examination of the UA and craniofacial skeleton was "good" among the trained specialists and "fair" among examiners without appropriate training, despite its subjectivity.

FM-MAP: A Novel In-Training Examination Predicts Success on Family Medicine Certification Examination.

PubMed

Iglar, Karl; Leung, Fok-Han; Moineddin, Rahim; Herold, Jodi

2017-05-01

The objective of our study was to assess the correlation between a locally developed In-Training Examination (ITE) and the certification examination in family medicine in Canada. The ITE was taken twice yearly, which corresponded for most residents to the fifth, ninth, 17th, and 21st month of training. The results for the ITE were correlated to the CFPC certification examination taken in the 23rd month of residency. The scores on each of the four iterations of the ITE correlated moderately well with performance relating to problem solving skills and knowledge on the certification examination. The ITE showed a trend to an increased correlation with duration in the training program with a Spearman correlation coefficient increasing from 0.45 on the first test to 0.54 on the fourth test. The correlation of the ITE with performance on the component assessing the doctor- patient relationship on the certification examination was poor (r=0.26 on the last test). Our in-training examination is a useful predictor of performance in problem solving and knowledge domains of the family medicine expert role on the certification examination.

Student selection: are the school-leaving A-level grades in biology and chemistry important?

PubMed

Green, A; Peters, T J; Webster, D J

1993-01-01

This study determined the relationships of grades in A-level biology and chemistry with examination success or failure during the medical course. By inspection of medical student records, A-level grades at entry to medical school and examination performance were obtained for 128 (91%) of the students who sat their final MBBCh examination at the University of Wales College of Medicine in June 1988. The majority, 92 (72%), completed their medical school careers with no professional examination failures; 15 failed examinations just in the period up to 2nd MB; 11 failed examinations in the clinical period only and 10 failed examinations in both periods. Whereas grade achieved in A-level chemistry was not associated with undergraduate examination performance, students with a grade A or B in A-level biology were less likely to have problems than the others (21% compared with 47%; the difference of 26% has a 95% confidence interval of 7% to 44%). Specifically, there appears to be a strong relationship between a low grade in biology and difficulties in the preclinical examinations. Moreover, for those who have difficulties at this stage, this association continues later in the course.

A structured teaching curriculum for medical students improves their performance on the National Board of Medical Examiners shelf examination in surgery.

PubMed

Wirth, Keith; Malone, Bethany; Turner, Christopher; Schulze, Robert; Widmann, Warren; Sanni, Aliu

2015-04-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a resident-driven, student taught educational curriculum on the medical students' performance on the National Board of Medical Examiners surgery subject examination (NBME). On daily morning rounds, medical students or the chief resident delivered preassigned brief presentations on 1 or 2 of the 30 common surgical topics selected for the curriculum. An initial assessment of student knowledge and an end-rotation in-house examination (multiple choice question examination) were conducted. The mean scores on the NBME examination were compared between students in teams using this teaching curriculum and those without it. A total of 57 third-year medical students participated in the study. The mean score on the in-house postclerkship multiple choice question examination was increased by 23.5% (P < .05). The mean NBME scores were significantly higher in the students who underwent the teaching curriculum when compared with their peers who were not exposed to the teaching curriculum (78 vs 72, P < .05). The implementation of a resident-driven structured teaching curriculum improved performance of medical students on the NBME examination. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Use of HIV PEPSE and Hepatitis B vaccine following the introduction of a SARC.

PubMed

Bennett, Judy; Johnson, Sandie

2011-11-01

Adherence to local guidelines on the use of HIV post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and hepatitis B vaccine following sexual assault was evaluated by means of audit. Forensic Medical Examiners (FMEs) were asked to complete an audit form after conducting sexual offence examinations at Gloucester Sexual Assault Referral Centre (SARC). Only one HIV PEP pack was prescribed during the six and a half month audit period. Examination of the SARC records of the allegations made by complainants did not reveal any high-risk cases involving a failure to offer HIV post-exposure prophylaxis following sexual exposure (PEPSE). The majority of the examinations performed at the SARC were carried out by trained sexual offence examiners (SOEs). The audit indicates that these SOEs were considering the appropriate use of HIV PEPSE and hepatitis B vaccine when they performed examinations. Some examinations were performed by general forensic medical examiners who completed the audit forms infrequently. It was not possible to determine whether these examiners were considering the appropriate use of HIV PEPSE and hepatitis treatments. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved.

13 CFR 107.692 - Examination fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Addition—% of base examination fee No prior violations 15 Partnership or limited liability company 5... liability company, you will pay an additional charge equal to 5% of your base fee; (4) If you are a Licensee... COMPANIES Recordkeeping, Reporting, and Examination Requirements for Licensees Examinations of Licensees by...

9 CFR 147.10 - Laboratory procedure recommended for the bacteriological examination of egg-type breeding flocks...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... the bacteriological examination of egg-type breeding flocks with salmonella enteritidis positive... examination of egg-type breeding flocks with salmonella enteritidis positive environments. Birds selected for bacteriological examination from egg-type breeding flocks positive for Salmonella enteritidis after environmental...

16 CFR 456.2 - Separation of examination and dispensing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... patient's prescription immediately after the eye examination is completed. Provided: An ophthalmologist or... the eye examination, but only if that ophthalmologist or optometrist would have required immediate...) Condition the availability of an eye examination to any person on a requirement that the patient agree to...

16 CFR 456.2 - Separation of examination and dispensing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... patient's prescription immediately after the eye examination is completed. Provided: An ophthalmologist or... the eye examination, but only if that ophthalmologist or optometrist would have required immediate...) Condition the availability of an eye examination to any person on a requirement that the patient agree to...

38 CFR 17.160 - Authorization of dental examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Authorization of dental... MEDICAL Dental Services § 17.160 Authorization of dental examinations. When a detailed report of dental examination is essential for a determination of eligibility for benefits, dental examinations may be...

38 CFR 17.160 - Authorization of dental examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Authorization of dental... MEDICAL Dental Services § 17.160 Authorization of dental examinations. When a detailed report of dental examination is essential for a determination of eligibility for benefits, dental examinations may be...

38 CFR 17.160 - Authorization of dental examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Authorization of dental... MEDICAL Dental Services § 17.160 Authorization of dental examinations. When a detailed report of dental examination is essential for a determination of eligibility for benefits, dental examinations may be...

38 CFR 17.160 - Authorization of dental examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Authorization of dental... MEDICAL Dental Services § 17.160 Authorization of dental examinations. When a detailed report of dental examination is essential for a determination of eligibility for benefits, dental examinations may be...

38 CFR 17.160 - Authorization of dental examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Authorization of dental... MEDICAL Dental Services § 17.160 Authorization of dental examinations. When a detailed report of dental examination is essential for a determination of eligibility for benefits, dental examinations may be...

28 CFR 49.3 - Examination of the material.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Examination of the material. 49.3 Section... Examination of the material. Documentary material, answers to interrogatories, or transcripts of oral... available for examination by the person who produced such documentary material or answers to interrogatories...

33 CFR 5.33 - Training, examination, and assignment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Training, examination, and... GENERAL COAST GUARD AUXILIARY § 5.33 Training, examination, and assignment. The Commandant will prescribe the type of training, qualifications and examinations required before a member of the Auxiliary shall...

19 CFR 19.10 - Examination packages.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Examination packages. 19.10 Section 19.10 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY... Examination packages. Merchandise sent from a bonded warehouse to the appraiser's stores for examination shall...

20 CFR 410.472 - Consultative examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Consultative examinations. 410.472 Section... Consultative examinations. Upon reasonable notice of the time and place thereof, any individual filing a claim... physical examinations or tests, at the expense of the Administration, by a physician or other professional...

29 CFR 1919.78 - Nondestructive examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Nondestructive examinations. 1919.78 Section 1919.78 Labor... Nondestructive examinations. (a) Wherever it is considered necessary by the accredited person or his authorized...., examination of structure or parts by electronic, ultrasonic, or other nondestructive methods may be carried...

Physics 300 Provincial Examination.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manitoba Dept. of Education and Training, Winnipeg.

This document consists of the physics 300 provincial examination (English version), a separate "provincial summary report" on the results of giving the test, and a separate French language version of the examination. This physics examination contains a 53-item multiple choice section and an 12 item free response section. Subsections of…

21 CFR 880.6350 - Battery-powered medical examination light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Battery-powered medical examination light. 880... Personal Use Miscellaneous Devices § 880.6350 Battery-powered medical examination light. (a) Identification. A battery-powered medical examination light is a battery-powered device intended for medical...

41 CFR 60-741.23 - Medical examinations and inquiries.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 1 2012-07-01 2009-07-01 true Medical examinations and... REGARDING INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES Discrimination Prohibited § 60-741.23 Medical examinations and inquiries. (a) Prohibited medical examinations or inquiries. Except as stated in paragraphs (b) and (c) of...

41 CFR 60-300.23 - Medical examinations and inquiries.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Medical examinations and... VETERANS, AND ARMED FORCES SERVICE MEDAL VETERANS Discrimination Prohibited § 60-300.23 Medical examinations and inquiries. (a) Prohibited medical examinations or inquiries. Except as stated in paragraphs (b...

Do Clinical Evaluations in a Psychiatry Clerkship Favor Students with Positive Personality Characteristics?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chibnall, John T.; Blaskiewicz, Robert J.

2008-01-01

Objective: The authors examine associations of personality characteristics, National Board of Medical Examiners subject examination performance, and Objective Structured Clinical Examination performance with clinical evaluations of third-year medical students in a psychiatry clerkship. Methods: Students completed the Revised NEO Personality…

42 CFR 21.58 - Physical examination for reappointment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Physical examination for reappointment. 21.58... COMMISSIONED OFFICERS Appointment § 21.58 Physical examination for reappointment. Every officer of the Reserve Corps being considered for reappointment shall undergo such physical examination as the Surgeon General...

42 CFR 21.58 - Physical examination for reappointment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Physical examination for reappointment. 21.58... COMMISSIONED OFFICERS Appointment § 21.58 Physical examination for reappointment. Every officer of the Reserve Corps being considered for reappointment shall undergo such physical examination as the Surgeon General...

42 CFR 21.58 - Physical examination for reappointment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Physical examination for reappointment. 21.58... COMMISSIONED OFFICERS Appointment § 21.58 Physical examination for reappointment. Every officer of the Reserve Corps being considered for reappointment shall undergo such physical examination as the Surgeon General...

42 CFR 21.58 - Physical examination for reappointment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Physical examination for reappointment. 21.58... COMMISSIONED OFFICERS Appointment § 21.58 Physical examination for reappointment. Every officer of the Reserve Corps being considered for reappointment shall undergo such physical examination as the Surgeon General...

42 CFR 21.58 - Physical examination for reappointment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Physical examination for reappointment. 21.58... COMMISSIONED OFFICERS Appointment § 21.58 Physical examination for reappointment. Every officer of the Reserve Corps being considered for reappointment shall undergo such physical examination as the Surgeon General...

41 CFR 60-741.23 - Medical examinations and inquiries.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 1 2011-07-01 2009-07-01 true Medical examinations and... REGARDING INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES Discrimination Prohibited § 60-741.23 Medical examinations and inquiries. (a) Prohibited medical examinations or inquiries. Except as stated in paragraphs (b) and (c) of...

30 CFR 75.1433 - Examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... addition, visual examination for wear and broken wires shall be made at stress points, including the area... SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Hoisting and Mantrips Wire Ropes § 75.1433 Examinations. (a) At least once every fourteen calendar days, each wire rope in service shall be visually examined along its...

30 CFR 75.1433 - Examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... addition, visual examination for wear and broken wires shall be made at stress points, including the area... SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Hoisting and Mantrips Wire Ropes § 75.1433 Examinations. (a) At least once every fourteen calendar days, each wire rope in service shall be visually examined along its...

30 CFR 75.1433 - Examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... addition, visual examination for wear and broken wires shall be made at stress points, including the area... SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Hoisting and Mantrips Wire Ropes § 75.1433 Examinations. (a) At least once every fourteen calendar days, each wire rope in service shall be visually examined along its...

30 CFR 75.1433 - Examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... addition, visual examination for wear and broken wires shall be made at stress points, including the area... SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Hoisting and Mantrips Wire Ropes § 75.1433 Examinations. (a) At least once every fourteen calendar days, each wire rope in service shall be visually examined along its...

32 CFR 195.10 - Hearings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., before a hearing examiner designated by him. (c) Hearing examiner. The examiner shall be a field grade... open hearing at which he or his counsel may examine any witnesses present. Both the responsible... unduly repetitious evidence. All documents and other evidence offered or taken for record shall be open...

49 CFR 452.3 - Elements of periodic examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.3 Elements... minimum requirements: (1) Each examination must include a detailed visual inspection for defects such as... must be corrected by the owner before the container is continued in service. (2) Each examination must...

49 CFR 452.5 - Examinations made in conjunction with other inspections.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... inspections. 452.5 Section 452.5 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.5 Examinations made in conjunction with other inspections. (a) Periodic examinations may be made...

49 CFR 452.3 - Elements of periodic examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.3 Elements... minimum requirements: (1) Each examination must include a detailed visual inspection for defects such as... must be corrected by the owner before the container is continued in service. (2) Each examination must...

49 CFR 452.5 - Examinations made in conjunction with other inspections.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... inspections. 452.5 Section 452.5 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.5 Examinations made in conjunction with other inspections. (a) Periodic examinations may be made...

49 CFR 452.5 - Examinations made in conjunction with other inspections.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... inspections. 452.5 Section 452.5 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.5 Examinations made in conjunction with other inspections. (a) Periodic examinations may be made...

49 CFR 452.5 - Examinations made in conjunction with other inspections.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... inspections. 452.5 Section 452.5 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.5 Examinations made in conjunction with other inspections. (a) Periodic examinations may be made...

49 CFR 452.3 - Elements of periodic examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.3 Elements... minimum requirements: (1) Each examination must include a detailed visual inspection for defects such as... must be corrected by the owner before the container is continued in service. (2) Each examination must...

49 CFR 452.3 - Elements of periodic examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.3 Elements... minimum requirements: (1) Each examination must include a detailed visual inspection for defects such as... must be corrected by the owner before the container is continued in service. (2) Each examination must...

49 CFR 452.3 - Elements of periodic examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.3 Elements... minimum requirements: (1) Each examination must include a detailed visual inspection for defects such as... must be corrected by the owner before the container is continued in service. (2) Each examination must...

External Examining: Fit for Purpose?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bloxham, Sue; Price, Margaret

2015-01-01

In a context of international concern about academic standards, the practice of external examining is widely admired for its role in defending standards. Yet a contradiction exists between this faith in examining and continuing concerns about standards. This article argues that external examining rests on assumptions about standards which are…

21 CFR 880.6350 - Battery-powered medical examination light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Battery-powered medical examination light. 880... Personal Use Miscellaneous Devices § 880.6350 Battery-powered medical examination light. (a) Identification. A battery-powered medical examination light is a battery-powered device intended for medical...

21 CFR 880.6350 - Battery-powered medical examination light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Battery-powered medical examination light. 880... Personal Use Miscellaneous Devices § 880.6350 Battery-powered medical examination light. (a) Identification. A battery-powered medical examination light is a battery-powered device intended for medical...

21 CFR 880.6350 - Battery-powered medical examination light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Battery-powered medical examination light. 880... Personal Use Miscellaneous Devices § 880.6350 Battery-powered medical examination light. (a) Identification. A battery-powered medical examination light is a battery-powered device intended for medical...

21 CFR 880.6350 - Battery-powered medical examination light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Battery-powered medical examination light. 880... Personal Use Miscellaneous Devices § 880.6350 Battery-powered medical examination light. (a) Identification. A battery-powered medical examination light is a battery-powered device intended for medical...

Timing of the Medical Examination

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Christian, Cindy W.

2011-01-01

The medical examination of the sexually abused child may have evidentiary, medical, and therapeutic purposes, and the timing of the examination requires consideration of each of these objectives. In cases of acute sexual assault, emergent examinations may be needed to identify injury, collect forensic evidence, and provide infection and pregnancy…

A Comparison of Professional Examinations in Seven Fields: Implications for the Teaching Profession.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lareau, Annette

1986-01-01

Acknowledges that the content and structure of competency examinations is open to debate. Reviews professional examinations in other fields of expertise such as accounting, law, and medicine, in an effort to establish the value of such examinations in the teaching profession. (DR)

The examination assessment of technical competence in vascular surgery.

PubMed

Pandey, V A; Wolfe, J H N; Liapis, C D; Bergqvist, D

2006-09-01

The European Board of Surgery Qualification in Vascular Surgery is a pan-European examination for vascular surgeons who have attained a national certificate of completion of specialist training. A 2-year study was conducted before the introduction of a technical skills assessment in the examination. The study included 30 surgeons: 22 candidates and eight examiners. They were tested on dissection (on a synthetic saphenofemoral junction model), anastomosis (on to anterior tibial artery of a synthetic leg model) and dexterity (a knot-tying simulator with electromagnetic motion analysis). Validated rating scales were used by two independent examiners. Composite knot-tying scores were calculated for the computerized station. The stations were weighted 35, 45 and 20 percent, respectively. Examiners performed better than candidates in the dissection (P<0.001), anastomosis (P=0.002) and dexterity (P=0.005) stations. Participants performed consistently in the examination (dissection versus anastomosis: r=0.79, P<0.001; dexterity versus total operative score: r=-0.73, P<0.001). Interobserver reliability was high (alpha=0.91). No correlation was seen between a candidate's technical skill and oral examination performance or logbook-accredited scores. Current surgical examinations do not address technical competence. This model appears to be a valid assessment of technical skills in an examination setting. The standards are set at a level appropriate for a specialist vascular surgeon. Copyright (c) 2006 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd.

Inter-rater reliability of select physical examination procedures in patients with neck pain.

PubMed

Hanney, William J; George, Steven Z; Kolber, Morey J; Young, Ian; Salamh, Paul A; Cleland, Joshua A

2014-07-01

This study evaluated the inter-rater reliability of select examination procedures in patients with neck pain (NP) conducted over a 24- to 48-h period. Twenty-two patients with mechanical NP participated in a standardized examination. One examiner performed standardized examination procedures and a second blinded examiner repeated the procedures 24-48 h later with no treatment administered between examinations. Inter-rater reliability was calculated with the Cohen Kappa and weighted Kappa for ordinal data while continuous level data were calculated using an intraclass correlation coefficient model 2,1 (ICC2,1). Coefficients for categorical variables ranged from poor to moderate agreement (-0.22 to 0.70 Kappa) and coefficients for continuous data ranged from slight to moderate (ICC2,1 0.28-0.74). The standard error of measurement for cervical range of motion ranged from 5.3° to 9.9° while the minimal detectable change ranged from 12.5° to 23.1°. This study is the first to report inter-rater reliability values for select components of the cervical examination in those patients with NP performed 24-48 h after the initial examination. There was considerably less reliability when compared to previous studies, thus clinicians should consider how the passage of time may influence variability in examination findings over a 24- to 48-h period.

Gonioscopy in the dog: inter-examiner variability and the search for a grading scheme.

PubMed

Oliver, J A C; Cottrell, B C; Newton, J R; Mellersh, C S

2017-11-01

To investigate inter-examiner variability in gonioscopic evaluation of pectinate ligament abnormality in dogs and to assess level of inter-examiner agreement for four different gonioscopy grading schemes. Two examiners performed gonioscopy in 98 eyes of 49 Welsh springer spaniel dogs and estimated the percentage circumference of iridocorneal angle affected by pectinate ligament abnormality to the nearest 5%. Percentage scores assigned to each eye by the two examiners were compared. Inter-examiner agreement was assessed following assignment of the percentage scores to each of four grading schemes by Cohen's kappa statistic. There was a strong positive correlation between the results of the two examiners (R=0·91). In general, Examiner 1 scored individual eyes higher than Examiner 2, especially for eyes in which both examiners diagnosed pectinate ligament abnormality. A "good" level of agreement could only be achieved with a gonioscopy grading scheme of no more than three categories and with a relatively large intermediate bandwidth (κ=0·68). A three-tiered grading scheme might represent an improvement on hereditary eye disease schemes which simply classify dogs to be either "affected" or "unaffected" for pectinate ligament abnormality. However, the large intermediate bandwidth of this scheme would only allow for the additional detection of those dogs with marked progression of pectinate ligament abnormality which would be considered most at risk of primary closed-angle glaucoma. © 2017 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.

Interaction between examination type, anxiety state, and academic achievement in college science; an action-oriented research

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zoller, Uri; Ben-Chaim, David

The trait anxiety profile of future science teachers, as well as their preferences concerning types of examinations in science and mathematics, have been surveyed prior to the administration - within the various science courses - of several traditional and nontraditional types of examinations and the assessment of students' state anxieties as well as their respective performance, i.e., their academic achievements. Our major findings are that(a)Our students prefer by far examinations in which the emphasis is on understanding and analyzing rather than on knowing and remembering, that the use of any relevant material during the examinations be permitted, and that the time duration be practically unlimited (e.g., take-home-type examinations).(b)Students' state anxiety correlates with the type of the examination, with a tendency towards somewhat higher anxiety for females. The preferred types of examinations reduce test anxiety significantly, and result in higher grades accordingly.(c)The reduction of anxiety and the improvement in achievements as a function of the examination type are far more significant for low achievers compared with medium and high achievers.(d)Although teachers are aware of the student preferences, they persist in giving their students their own pet-type examinations.These results are discussed in terms of the implications for upgrading both science education and college student testing and assessment mechanisms.

HESI admission assessment (A(2)) examination scores, program progression, and NCLEX-RN success in baccalaureate nursing: an exploratory study of dependable academic indicators of success.

PubMed

Hinderer, Katherine A; DiBartolo, Mary C; Walsh, Catherine M

2014-01-01

In an effort to meet the demand for well-educated, high-quality nurses, schools of nursing seek to admit those candidates most likely to have both timely progression and first-time success on the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN). Finding the right combination of academic indicators, which are most predictive of success, continues to be an ongoing challenge for entry-level baccalaureate nursing programs across the United States. This pilot study explored the relationship of a standardized admission examination, the Health Education Systems, Inc. (HESI) Admission Assessment (A(2)) Examination to preadmission grade point average (GPA), science GPA, and nursing GPA using a retrospective descriptive design. In addition, the predictive ability of the A(2) Examination, preadmission GPA, and science GPA related to timely progression and NCLEX-RN success were explored. In a sample of 89 students, no relationship was found between the A(2) Examination and preadmission GPA or science GPA. The A(2) Examination was correlated with nursing GPA and NCLEX-RN success but not with timely progression. Further studies are needed to explore the utility and predictive ability of standardized examinations such as the A(2) Examination and the contribution of such examinations to evidence-based admission decision making. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Clinical anatomy of the physical examination of the abdomen: A comprehensive review.

PubMed

Bilal, Muhammad; Voin, Vlad; Topale, Nitsa; Iwanaga, Joe; Loukas, Marios; Tubbs, R Shane

2017-04-01

Physical examination of the abdomen is an essential skill. Knowledge of its clinical anatomy and application is vital for making diagnoses. Misinterpretation of anatomy during examination can have serious consequences. This review addresses understanding of the anatomy, methodology, and complications of abdominal physical examination. It includes particular reference to modern technology and investigations. Physical examination is performed for diagnostic purposes. However, the art of physical examination is declining as more and more clinicians rely on newer technology. This can have regrettable consequences: negligence, waste of time and resources, and deterioration of clinical skills. With a sound knowledge of clinical anatomy, and realization of the importance of physical examination of the abdomen, clinician, and patients alike can benefit. Clin. Anat. 30:352-356, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Comparison of Content on the American Board of Internal Medicine Maintenance of Certification Examination With Conditions Seen in Practice by General Internists.

PubMed

Gray, Bradley; Vandergrift, Jonathan; Lipner, Rebecca S; Green, Marianne M

2017-06-13

Success on the internal medicine (IM) examination is a central requirement of the American Board of Internal Medicine's (ABIM's) Maintenance of Certification program (MOC). Therefore, it is important to understand the degree to which this examination reflects conditions seen in practice, one dimension of content validity, which focuses on the match between content in the discipline and the topics on the examination questions. To assess whether the frequency of questions on IM-MOC examinations were concordant with the frequency of conditions seen in practice. The 2010-2013 IM-MOC examinations were used to calculate the percentage of questions for 186 medical condition categories from the examination blueprint, which balances examination content by considering importance and frequency of conditions seen in practice. Nationally representative estimates of conditions seen in practice by general internists were estimated from the primary diagnosis for 13 832 office visits (2010-2013 National Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys) and 108 472 hospital stays (2010 National Hospital Discharge Survey). Prevalence of conditions included on the IM-MOC examination questions. The outcome measure was the concordance between the percentages of IM-MOC examination questions and the percentages of conditions seen in practice during either office visits or hospital stays for each of 186 condition categories (eg, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, liver disease). The concordance thresholds were 0.5 SD of the weighted mean percentages of the applicable 186 conditions seen in practice (0.74% for office visits; 0.51% for hospital stays). If the absolute differences between the percentages of examination questions and the percentages of office visit conditions or hospital stay conditions seen were less than the applicable concordance threshold, then the condition category was judged to be concordant. During the 2010-2013 IM-MOC examination periods, 3600 questions (180 questions per examination form) were administered and 3461 questions (96.1%) were mapped into the 186 study conditions (mean, 18.6 questions per condition). Comparison of the percentages of 186 categories of medical conditions seen in 13 832 office visits and 108 472 hospital stays with the percentages of 3461 questions on IM-MOC examinations revealed that 2389 examination questions (69.0%; 95% CI, 67.5%-70.6% involving 158 conditions) were categorized as concordant. For concordance between questions and office visits only, 2010 questions (58.08%; 95% CI, 56.43%-59.72% of all examination questions) involving 145 conditions were categorized as concordant. For concordance between questions and hospital stays only, 1456 questions (42.07%; 95% CI, 40.42%-43.71% of all examination questions) involving 122 conditions were categorized as concordant. Among questions on IM-MOC examinations from 2010-2013, 69% were concordant with conditions seen in general internal medicine practices, although some areas of discordance were identified.

Computer-aided detection system for chest radiography: reducing report turnaround times of examinations with abnormalities.

PubMed

Kao, E-Fong; Liu, Gin-Chung; Lee, Lo-Yeh; Tsai, Huei-Yi; Jaw, Twei-Shiun

2015-06-01

The ability to give high priority to examinations with pathological findings could be very useful to radiologists with large work lists who wish to first evaluate the most critical studies. A computer-aided detection (CAD) system for identifying chest examinations with abnormalities has therefore been developed. To evaluate the effectiveness of a CAD system on report turnaround times of chest examinations with abnormalities. The CAD system was designed to automatically mark chest examinations with possible abnormalities in the work list of radiologists interpreting chest examinations. The system evaluation was performed in two phases: two radiologists interpreted the chest examinations without CAD in phase 1 and with CAD in phase 2. The time information recorded by the radiology information system was then used to calculate the turnaround times. All chest examinations were reviewed by two other radiologists and were divided into normal and abnormal groups. The turnaround times for the examinations with pathological findings with and without the CAD system assistance were compared. The sensitivity and specificity of the CAD for chest abnormalities were 0.790 and 0.697, respectively, and use of the CAD system decreased the turnaround time for chest examinations with abnormalities by 44%. The turnaround times required for radiologists to identify chest examinations with abnormalities could be reduced by using the CAD system. This system could be useful for radiologists with large work lists who wish to first evaluate the most critical studies. © The Foundation Acta Radiologica 2014 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav.

Effectiveness of repeated examination to diagnose enterobiasis in nursery school groups.

PubMed

Remm, Mare; Remm, Kalle

2009-09-01

The aim of this study was to estimate the benefit from repeated examinations in the diagnosis of enterobiasis in nursery school groups, and to test the effectiveness of individual-based risk predictions using different methods. A total of 604 children were examined using double, and 96 using triple, anal swab examinations. The questionnaires for parents, structured observations, and interviews with supervisors were used to identify factors of possible infection risk. In order to model the risk of enterobiasis at individual level, a similarity-based machine learning and prediction software Constud was compared with data mining methods in the Statistica 8 Data Miner software package. Prevalence according to a single examination was 22.5%; the increase as a result of double examinations was 8.2%. Single swabs resulted in an estimated prevalence of 20.1% among children examined 3 times; double swabs increased this by 10.1%, and triple swabs by 7.3%. Random forest classification, boosting classification trees, and Constud correctly predicted about 2/3 of the results of the second examination. Constud estimated a mean prevalence of 31.5% in groups. Constud was able to yield the highest overall fit of individual-based predictions while boosting classification tree and random forest models were more effective in recognizing Enterobius positive persons. As a rule, the actual prevalence of enterobiasis is higher than indicated by a single examination. We suggest using either the values of the mean increase in prevalence after double examinations compared to single examinations or group estimations deduced from individual-level modelled risk predictions.

Effectiveness of Repeated Examination to Diagnose Enterobiasis in Nursery School Groups

PubMed Central

Remm, Kalle

2009-01-01

The aim of this study was to estimate the benefit from repeated examinations in the diagnosis of enterobiasis in nursery school groups, and to test the effectiveness of individual-based risk predictions using different methods. A total of 604 children were examined using double, and 96 using triple, anal swab examinations. The questionnaires for parents, structured observations, and interviews with supervisors were used to identify factors of possible infection risk. In order to model the risk of enterobiasis at individual level, a similarity-based machine learning and prediction software Constud was compared with data mining methods in the Statistica 8 Data Miner software package. Prevalence according to a single examination was 22.5%; the increase as a result of double examinations was 8.2%. Single swabs resulted in an estimated prevalence of 20.1% among children examined 3 times; double swabs increased this by 10.1%, and triple swabs by 7.3%. Random forest classification, boosting classification trees, and Constud correctly predicted about 2/3 of the results of the second examination. Constud estimated a mean prevalence of 31.5% in groups. Constud was able to yield the highest overall fit of individual-based predictions while boosting classification tree and random forest models were more effective in recognizing Enterobius positive persons. As a rule, the actual prevalence of enterobiasis is higher than indicated by a single examination. We suggest using either the values of the mean increase in prevalence after double examinations compared to single examinations or group estimations deduced from individual-level modelled risk predictions. PMID:19724696

Statement on virginity testing.

PubMed

2015-07-01

Virginity testing (virginity examination) is a gynecological examination that is intended to correlate the status and appearance of the hymen with previous sexual contact to determine whether a female has had or is habituated to sexual intercourse. Virginity examinations are practiced in many countries, often forcibly, including in detention places; on women who allege rape or are accused of prostitution; and as part of public or social policies to control sexuality. The Independent Forensic Expert Group (IFEG) - thirty-five preeminent independent forensic experts from eighteen countries specialized in evaluating and documenting the physical and psychological effects of torture and ill-treatment - released a statement on the practice in December 2014. In its statement, the IFEG outlines the physical and psychological effects of forcibly conducting virginity examinations on females based on its collective experience. The Group assesses whether, based on the effects, forcibly conducted virginity examinations constitute cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or torture. Finally, the IFEG addresses the medical interpretation, relevance, and ethical implications of such examinations. The IFEG concludes that virginity examinations are medically unreliable and have no clinical or scientific value. These examinations are inherently discriminatory and, in almost all instances, when conducted forcibly, result in significant physical and mental pain and suffering, thereby constituting cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or torture. When virginity examinations are forcibly conducted and involve vaginal penetration, the examination should be considered as sexual assault and rape. Involvement of health professionals in these examinations violates the basic standards and ethics of the professions. Copyright © 2015 Torture. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Routine pelvic examinations: A descriptive cross-sectional survey of women's attitudes and beliefs after new guidelines.

PubMed

Kling, Juliana M; Vegunta, Suneela; Al-Badri, Mina; Faubion, Stephanie S; Fields, Heather E; Shah, Amit A; Wallace, Mark R; Ruddy, Barbara E; Bryan, Michael J; Temkit, M'hamed; MacLaughlin, Kathy L

2017-01-01

Routine pelvic examinations have been a fundamental part of the annual female examination. The 2014 American College of Physicians (ACP) guideline recommends against routine pelvic examinations in asymptomatic, nonpregnant, average-risk women. Our aim was to evaluate women's attitudes and beliefs about pelvic examinations and how knowledge of the new guidelines contributes to attitudes and beliefs. A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed using a self-administered written survey developed through literature review and pretested and revised on the basis of staff suggestions. Nonpregnant women age≥21years presenting to outpatient clinics at Mayo Clinic in Arizona or Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, received the survey. After being asked about pelvic examination practices and beliefs, participants were informed of the ACP guideline, to determine effect on attitudes and beliefs. Demographic characteristics and pertinent medical history questions were collected from participants. In total, 671 women who were predominantly white, married, and educated completed surveys. Participants described pelvic examinations as reassuring, and a majority believed the examinations were useful in detecting ovarian cancer (74.6%), necessary for screening for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (71.0%), or necessary before initiating contraception (67.0%). After reading the 2014 ACP guideline, significantly fewer women planned to continue yearly pelvic examinations (P<0.001). Despite evidence to the contrary, women believed pelvic examinations were necessary for STI screening, contraception initiation, and ovarian cancer detection. After education on the ACP screening guideline, fewer women planned to continue yearly pelvic examinations. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Measuring What Latent Fingerprint Examiners Consider Sufficient Information for Individualization Determinations

PubMed Central

Ulery, Bradford T.; Hicklin, R. Austin; Roberts, Maria Antonia; Buscaglia, JoAnn

2014-01-01

Latent print examiners use their expertise to determine whether the information present in a comparison of two fingerprints (or palmprints) is sufficient to conclude that the prints were from the same source (individualization). When fingerprint evidence is presented in court, it is the examiner's determination—not an objective metric—that is presented. This study was designed to ascertain the factors that explain examiners' determinations of sufficiency for individualization. Volunteer latent print examiners (n = 170) were each assigned 22 pairs of latent and exemplar prints for examination, and annotated features, correspondence of features, and clarity. The 320 image pairs were selected specifically to control clarity and quantity of features. The predominant factor differentiating annotations associated with individualization and inconclusive determinations is the count of corresponding minutiae; other factors such as clarity provided minimal additional discriminative value. Examiners' counts of corresponding minutiae were strongly associated with their own determinations; however, due to substantial variation of both annotations and determinations among examiners, one examiner's annotation and determination on a given comparison is a relatively weak predictor of whether another examiner would individualize. The extensive variability in annotations also means that we must treat any individual examiner's minutia counts as interpretations of the (unknowable) information content of the prints: saying “the prints had N corresponding minutiae marked” is not the same as “the prints had N corresponding minutiae.” More consistency in annotations, which could be achieved through standardization and training, should lead to process improvements and provide greater transparency in casework. PMID:25372036

Assessing cardiac physical examination skills using simulation technology and real patients: a comparison study.

PubMed

Hatala, Rose; Issenberg, S Barry; Kassen, Barry; Cole, Gary; Bacchus, C Maria; Scalese, Ross J

2008-06-01

High-stakes assessments of doctors' physical examination skills often employ standardised patients (SPs) who lack physical abnormalities. Simulation technology provides additional opportunities to assess these skills by mimicking physical abnormalities. The current study examined the relationship between internists' cardiac physical examination competence as assessed with simulation technology compared with that assessed with real patients (RPs). The cardiac physical examination skills and bedside diagnostic accuracy of 28 internists were assessed during an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). The OSCE included 3 modalities of cardiac patients: RPs with cardiac abnormalities; SPs combined with computer-based, audio-video simulations of auscultatory abnormalities, and a cardiac patient simulator (CPS) manikin. Four cardiac diagnoses and their associated cardiac findings were matched across modalities. At each station, 2 examiners independently rated a participant's physical examination technique and global clinical competence. Two investigators separately scored diagnostic accuracy. Inter-rater reliability between examiners for global ratings (GRs) ranged from 0.75-0.78 for the different modalities. Although there was no significant difference between participants' mean GRs for each modality, the correlations between participants' performances on each modality were low to modest: RP versus SP, r = 0.19; RP versus CPS, r = 0.22; SP versus CPS, r = 0.57 (P < 0.01). Methodological limitations included variability between modalities in the components contributing to examiners' GRs, a paucity of objective outcome measures and restricted case sampling. No modality provided a clear 'gold standard' for the assessment of cardiac physical examination competence. These limitations need to be addressed before determining the optimal patient modality for high-stakes assessment purposes.

Statistics anxiety, state anxiety during an examination, and academic achievement.

PubMed

Macher, Daniel; Paechter, Manuela; Papousek, Ilona; Ruggeri, Kai; Freudenthaler, H Harald; Arendasy, Martin

2013-12-01

A large proportion of students identify statistics courses as the most anxiety-inducing courses in their curriculum. Many students feel impaired by feelings of state anxiety in the examination and therefore probably show lower achievements. The study investigates how statistics anxiety, attitudes (e.g., interest, mathematical self-concept) and trait anxiety, as a general disposition to anxiety, influence experiences of anxiety as well as achievement in an examination. Participants were 284 undergraduate psychology students, 225 females and 59 males. Two weeks prior to the examination, participants completed a demographic questionnaire and measures of the STARS, the STAI, self-concept in mathematics, and interest in statistics. At the beginning of the statistics examination, students assessed their present state anxiety by the KUSTA scale. After 25 min, all examination participants gave another assessment of their anxiety at that moment. Students' examination scores were recorded. Structural equation modelling techniques were used to test relationships between the variables in a multivariate context. Statistics anxiety was the only variable related to state anxiety in the examination. Via state anxiety experienced before and during the examination, statistics anxiety had a negative influence on achievement. However, statistics anxiety also had a direct positive influence on achievement. This result may be explained by students' motivational goals in the specific educational setting. The results provide insight into the relationship between students' attitudes, dispositions, experiences of anxiety in the examination, and academic achievement, and give recommendations to instructors on how to support students prior to and in the examination. © 2012 The British Psychological Society.

Examinations That Support Collaborative Learning: The Students' Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rieger, Georg W.; Heiner, Cynthia E.

2014-01-01

We used surveys and classroom observations to examine student reactions to two-stage exams, where students first do the exam individually and then redo it collaboratively. Our results show why both students and instructors appreciate this examination format: Two-stage collaborative examinations are relatively easy to implement, have a high…

Doctoral Oral Examinations and Contemporary Counselor Education: Are They Compatible?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McAdams, Charles R., III.; Robertson, Derek L.; Foster, Victoria A.

2013-01-01

This descriptive study examined 160 former students' perceptions of one assessment tradition in counselor education: the doctoral oral examination. The findings suggest that oral examinations continue to have substantive value for students, but changes are needed to ensure their future objectivity, transparency, and regard for students'…

37 CFR 41.69 - Examiner's answer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 37 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Examiner's answer. 41.69... Examiner's answer. (a) The primary examiner may, within such time as directed by the Director, furnish a written answer to the owner's and/or requester's appellant brief or respondent brief including, as may be...

77 FR 24537 - Draft Standards and Best Practices for Interaction Between Medical Examiner/Coroner and Organ and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-24

... Best Practices for Interaction Between Medical Examiner/Coroner and Organ and Tissue Procurement... Committee Standards and Best Practices for Interaction Between Medical Examiner/Coroner Offices and Organ... coroner/medical examiner office representatives, law enforcement agencies, organizations, and all other...

29 CFR 1919.72 - Annual examination of cranes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Annual examination of cranes. 1919.72 Section 1919.72 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... examination of cranes. (a) In any year in which no quadrennial unit proof test is required, an examination...

46 CFR 272.41 - Requirements for examination and allocation of M&R expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Requirements for examination and allocation of M&R... AFFECTING SUBSIDIZED VESSELS AND OPERATORS REQUIREMENTS AND PROCEDURES FOR CONDUCTING CONDITION SURVEYS AND... Requirements for examination and allocation of M&R expenses. (a) Examination requirement. Pursuant to the...

Taking "O" Level GCE Examinations: The Strategies Employed by Candidates and Their Teachers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Francis, J.C.

1981-01-01

Examines the relationship of study techniques and test-taking strategies to success on the "O" level of the British General Certificate of Education (GCE) examination. Findings showed that teachers and students felt that course reviews, including study of past examinations, was the best preparation. (AM)

The Impact of Assessment Tasks on Subsequent Examination Performance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Van Gaal, Frank; De Ridder, Annemieke

2013-01-01

In this article, the impact of assessment tasks on examination result (measured by examination grades) is investigated. Although many describe the advantages of electronic assessment tasks, few studies have been undertaken which compare a traditional approach using a classical examination with a new approach using assessment tasks. The main…

29 CFR 102.30 - Examination of witnesses; deposition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Examination of witnesses; deposition. 102.30 Section 102.30..., Depositions, and Subpoenas § 102.30 Examination of witnesses; deposition. Witnesses shall be examined orally... by deposition. (a) Applications to take depositions shall be in writing setting forth the reasons why...

46 CFR 502.203 - Depositions upon oral examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Depositions upon oral examination. 502.203 Section 502... PROCEDURE Depositions, Written Interrogatories, and Discovery § 502.203 Depositions upon oral examination. (a) Notice of examination. (1) A party desiring to take the deposition of any person upon oral...

29 CFR 102.30 - Examination of witnesses; deposition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Examination of witnesses; deposition. 102.30 Section 102.30..., Depositions, and Subpoenas § 102.30 Examination of witnesses; deposition. Witnesses shall be examined orally... by deposition. (a) Applications to take depositions shall be in writing setting forth the reasons why...

46 CFR 502.203 - Depositions upon oral examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 9 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Depositions upon oral examination. 502.203 Section 502... PROCEDURE Depositions, Written Interrogatories, and Discovery § 502.203 Depositions upon oral examination. (a) Notice of examination. (1) A party desiring to take the deposition of any person upon oral...

12 CFR 1212.3 - Post-employment restriction for senior examiners.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Post-employment restriction for senior... OPERATIONS POST-EMPLOYMENT RESTRICTION FOR SENIOR EXAMINERS Post-Employment Restriction for Senior Examiners § 1212.3 Post-employment restriction for senior examiners. (a) Prohibition. An employee of FHFA who...

10 CFR 55.43 - Written examination: Senior operators.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Written examination: Senior operators. 55.43 Section 55.43... Tests § 55.43 Written examination: Senior operators. (a) Content. The written examination for a senior... needed to perform licensed senior operator duties. The knowledge, skills, and abilities will be...

37 CFR 1.104 - Nature of examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 37 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Nature of examination. 1.104 Section 1.104 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, DEPARTMENT OF... Applications § 1.104 Nature of examination. (a) Examiner's action. (1) On taking up an application for...

37 CFR 1.104 - Nature of examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 37 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Nature of examination. 1.104 Section 1.104 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, DEPARTMENT OF... Applications § 1.104 Nature of examination. (a) Examiner's action. (1) On taking up an application for...

What Examiners Do: What Thesis Students Should Know

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Golding, Clinton; Sharmini, Sharon; Lazarovitch, Ayelet

2014-01-01

Although many articles have been written about thesis assessment, none provide a comprehensive, general picture of what examiners do as they assess a thesis. To synthesise this diverse literature, we reviewed 30 articles, triangulated their conclusions and identified 11 examiner practices. Thesis examiners tend to be broadly consistent in their…

26 CFR 301.7605-1 - Time and place of examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

...) or a field examination (i.e., an examination conducted at the taxpayer's residence or place of... examination of an individual or sole proprietorship generally is based on the residence of the individual... taxpayer's residence or at the closest Service office within the district where the taxpayer entity's books...

16 CFR 1502.39 - Examination of record.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Examination of record. 1502.39 Section 1502... REGULATIONS PROCEDURES FOR FORMAL EVIDENTIARY PUBLIC HEARING Administrative Record § 1502.39 Examination of... available for examination or copying will be placed on public display in the Office of the Secretary...

16 CFR 1500.214 - Examinations and investigations; samples.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Examinations and investigations; samples... § 1500.214 Examinations and investigations; samples. When any officer or employee of the Commission...” includes examinations and tests. (b) The owner of a hazardous substance of which an official sample is...

46 CFR 163.003-27 - Production tests and examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Production tests and examination. 163.003-27 Section 163... examination. (a) General. Each ladder produced under Coast Guard approval must be tested in accordance with... for effective monitoring throughout the production schedule. (e) Visual examination. The visual...

19 CFR 134.53 - Examination packages.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Examination packages. 134.53 Section 134.53... TREASURY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN MARKING Articles Found Not Legally Marked § 134.53 Examination packages. (a) Site of marking—(1) Customs custody. Articles (or containers) in examination packages may be marked by...

40 CFR 750.40 - Cross-examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Cross-examination. 750.40 Section 750... Processing and Distribution in Commerce Exemptions § 750.40 Cross-examination. (a) After the close of the... cross-examination. The request must be received by EPA within one week after a full transcript of the...

46 CFR 11.707 - Examination requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Examination requirements. 11.707 Section 11.707 Shipping... OFFICER ENDORSEMENTS Professional Requirements for Pilots § 11.707 Examination requirements. (a) An... required to pass the examination described in subpart I of this part. (b) An applicant for an extension of...

28 CFR 12.40 - Public examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Public examination. 12.40 Section 12.40... ESPIONAGE, COUNTERESPIONAGE, OR SABOTAGE MATTERS UNDER THE ACT OF AUGUST 1, 1956 § 12.40 Public examination. Registration statements shall be available for public examination at the offices of the Registration Unit...

13 CFR 120.1055 - Review and examination results.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Review and examination results... Risk-Based Lender Oversight Supervision § 120.1055 Review and examination results. (a) Written Reports... result of the SBA Lender review or examination (“Report”). The Report may contain findings, conclusions...

13 CFR 120.1055 - Review and examination results.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Review and examination results... Risk-Based Lender Oversight Supervision § 120.1055 Review and examination results. (a) Written Reports... result of the SBA Lender review or examination (“Report”). The Report may contain findings, conclusions...

13 CFR 120.1055 - Review and examination results.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Review and examination results... Risk-Based Lender Oversight Supervision § 120.1055 Review and examination results. (a) Written Reports... result of the SBA Lender review or examination (“Report”). The Report may contain findings, conclusions...

13 CFR 120.1055 - Review and examination results.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Review and examination results... Risk-Based Lender Oversight Supervision § 120.1055 Review and examination results. (a) Written Reports... result of the SBA Lender review or examination (“Report”). The Report may contain findings, conclusions...

22 CFR 1102.10 - Examination of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Examination of records. 1102.10 Section 1102.10 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, UNITED STATES SECTION FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT § 1102.10 Examination of records. When a request to examine records is...

45 CFR 1210.3-7 - Inquiry by Hearing Examiner.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... COMMUNITY SERVICE VISTA TRAINEE DESELECTION AND VOLUNTEER EARLY TERMINATION PROCEDURES VISTA Volunteer Early... unless it is waived by the Volunteer. If the Examiner determines that the termination does not involve... the Examiner to have a direct connection with it. If requested by the Volunteer, the Examiner must...

45 CFR 1210.3-7 - Inquiry by Hearing Examiner.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... COMMUNITY SERVICE VISTA TRAINEE DESELECTION AND VOLUNTEER EARLY TERMINATION PROCEDURES VISTA Volunteer Early... unless it is waived by the Volunteer. If the Examiner determines that the termination does not involve... the Examiner to have a direct connection with it. If requested by the Volunteer, the Examiner must...

45 CFR 1210.3-7 - Inquiry by Hearing Examiner.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... COMMUNITY SERVICE VISTA TRAINEE DESELECTION AND VOLUNTEER EARLY TERMINATION PROCEDURES VISTA Volunteer Early... unless it is waived by the Volunteer. If the Examiner determines that the termination does not involve... the Examiner to have a direct connection with it. If requested by the Volunteer, the Examiner must...

45 CFR 1210.3-7 - Inquiry by Hearing Examiner.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... COMMUNITY SERVICE VISTA TRAINEE DESELECTION AND VOLUNTEER EARLY TERMINATION PROCEDURES VISTA Volunteer Early... unless it is waived by the Volunteer. If the Examiner determines that the termination does not involve... the Examiner to have a direct connection with it. If requested by the Volunteer, the Examiner must...

77 FR 64947 - Amateur Service Rules

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-24

... correspondingly; and to reduce to two the number of volunteer examiners needed to administer an amateur license... amateur license may be renewed, to reduce the number of volunteer examiners needed to administer an... rules to revise Sec. 97.505 to require that volunteer examiners (VEs) give examination credit to an...

29 CFR 1919.72 - Annual examination of cranes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Annual examination of cranes. 1919.72 Section 1919.72 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... examination of cranes. (a) In any year in which no quadrennial unit proof test is required, an examination...

Videotape Reliability: A Method of Evaluation of a Clinical Performance Examination.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

And Others; Liu, Philip

1980-01-01

A method of statistically analyzing clinical performance examinations for reliability and the application of this method in determining the reliability of two examinations of skill in administering anesthesia are described. Videotaped performances for the Spinal Anesthesia Skill Examination and the Anesthesia Setup and Machine Checkout Examination…

41 CFR 60-300.23 - Medical examinations and inquiries.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 1 2012-07-01 2009-07-01 true Medical examinations and... MEDAL VETERANS Discrimination Prohibited § 60-300.23 Medical examinations and inquiries. (a) Prohibited medical examinations or inquiries. Except as stated in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, it is...

33 CFR 20.1313 - Medical examination of respondents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Medical examination of... COAST GUARD Supplementary Evidentiary Rules for Suspension and Revocation Hearings § 20.1313 Medical... relevant, the ALJ may order him or her to undergo a medical examination. Any examination ordered by the ALJ...

10 CFR 55.21 - Medical examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Medical examination. 55.21 Section 55.21 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) OPERATORS' LICENSES Medical Requirements § 55.21 Medical examination. An applicant for a license shall have a medical examination by a physician. A licensee shall have a medical...

10 CFR 55.21 - Medical examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Medical examination. 55.21 Section 55.21 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) OPERATORS' LICENSES Medical Requirements § 55.21 Medical examination. An applicant for a license shall have a medical examination by a physician. A licensee shall have a medical...

33 CFR 20.1313 - Medical examination of respondents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Medical examination of... COAST GUARD Supplementary Evidentiary Rules for Suspension and Revocation Hearings § 20.1313 Medical... relevant, the ALJ may order him or her to undergo a medical examination. Any examination ordered by the ALJ...

46 CFR 115.650 - Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program options: Divers or underwater ROV.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program options... MORE THAN 49 PASSENGERS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 115.650 Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program options: Divers or underwater ROV. To complete your underwater...

46 CFR 176.630 - The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program... PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 176.630 The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program application. If your vessel meets the eligibility...

46 CFR 176.650 - Alternative Hull Examination Program options: Divers or underwater ROV.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Alternative Hull Examination Program options: Divers or...) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 176.650 Alternative Hull Examination Program options: Divers or underwater ROV. To complete the...

46 CFR 115.630 - The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program... PASSENGERS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 115.630 The Alternative Hull... hull examination date to the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMI) who will oversee the survey...

46 CFR 71.50-25 - Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) procedure. 71.50-25... INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Drydocking § 71.50-25 Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) procedure. (a) To complete the underwater survey you must— (1) Perform a general examination of the underwater hull plating...

19 CFR 146.10 - Authority to examine merchandise.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) FOREIGN TRADE ZONES General Provisions § 146.10 Authority to examine merchandise. The port director may cause any merchandise to be examined before or at the time of admission to a zone, or at any time thereafter, if the examination is considered necessary to facilitate the...

19 CFR 148.16 - Amendment of declaration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

.... (a) Before examination. A passenger shall be permitted to add an article to his declaration if, before examination of his baggage has begun, the fact that the article has not been declared is brought to the attention of the examining officer by the passenger. (b) After examination is begun. A...

49 CFR Appendix C to Part 180 - Eddy Current Examination With Visual Inspection for DOT 3AL Cylinders Manufactured of Aluminum...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... examinations. Visual examinations of the neck and shoulder area of the cylinder must be conducted in accordance... with visual examination reveals any crack in the neck or shoulder of 2 thread lengths or more. 6...

49 CFR Appendix C to Part 180 - Eddy Current Examination With Visual Inspection for DOT 3AL Cylinders Manufactured of Aluminum...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... examinations. Visual examinations of the neck and shoulder area of the cylinder must be conducted in accordance... with visual examination reveals any crack in the neck or shoulder of 2 thread lengths or more. 6...

49 CFR Appendix C to Part 180 - Eddy Current Examination With Visual Inspection for DOT 3AL Cylinders Manufactured of Aluminum...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... examinations. Visual examinations of the neck and shoulder area of the cylinder must be conducted in accordance... with visual examination reveals any crack in the neck or shoulder of 2 thread lengths or more. 6...

42 CFR 21.24 - Physical examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Physical examinations. 21.24 Section 21.24 Public... Appointment § 21.24 Physical examinations. Every candidate for appointment as an officer shall undergo such physical examination as the Surgeon General may direct, and no candidate who is not found to be physically...

42 CFR 21.24 - Physical examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Physical examinations. 21.24 Section 21.24 Public... Appointment § 21.24 Physical examinations. Every candidate for appointment as an officer shall undergo such physical examination as the Surgeon General may direct, and no candidate who is not found to be physically...

42 CFR 21.24 - Physical examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Physical examinations. 21.24 Section 21.24 Public... Appointment § 21.24 Physical examinations. Every candidate for appointment as an officer shall undergo such physical examination as the Surgeon General may direct, and no candidate who is not found to be physically...

42 CFR 21.24 - Physical examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Physical examinations. 21.24 Section 21.24 Public... Appointment § 21.24 Physical examinations. Every candidate for appointment as an officer shall undergo such physical examination as the Surgeon General may direct, and no candidate who is not found to be physically...

42 CFR 21.24 - Physical examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Physical examinations. 21.24 Section 21.24 Public... Appointment § 21.24 Physical examinations. Every candidate for appointment as an officer shall undergo such physical examination as the Surgeon General may direct, and no candidate who is not found to be physically...

33 CFR 154.120 - Facility examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Facility examinations. 154.120...) POLLUTION FACILITIES TRANSFERRING OIL OR HAZARDOUS MATERIAL IN BULK General § 154.120 Facility examinations. (a) The facility operator shall allow the Coast Guard, at any time, to make any examination and shall...

Undergraduate Oral Examinations in a University Organic Chemistry Curriculum

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dicks, Andrew P.; Lautens, Mark; Koroluk, Katherine J.; Skonieczny, Stanislaw

2012-01-01

This article describes the successful implementation of an oral examination format in the organic chemistry curriculum at the University of Toronto. Oral examinations are used to replace traditional written midterm examinations in several courses. In an introductory organic class, each student is allotted 15 min to individually discuss one…

41 CFR 60-300.23 - Medical examinations and inquiries.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 1 2011-07-01 2009-07-01 true Medical examinations and... MEDAL VETERANS Discrimination Prohibited § 60-300.23 Medical examinations and inquiries. (a) Prohibited medical examinations or inquiries. Except as stated in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, it is...

33 CFR 20.1313 - Medical examination of respondents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Medical examination of... COAST GUARD Supplementary Evidentiary Rules for Suspension and Revocation Hearings § 20.1313 Medical... relevant, the ALJ may order him or her to undergo a medical examination. Any examination ordered by the ALJ...

33 CFR 20.1313 - Medical examination of respondents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Medical examination of... COAST GUARD Supplementary Evidentiary Rules for Suspension and Revocation Hearings § 20.1313 Medical... relevant, the ALJ may order him or her to undergo a medical examination. Any examination ordered by the ALJ...

10 CFR 55.21 - Medical examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Medical examination. 55.21 Section 55.21 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) OPERATORS' LICENSES Medical Requirements § 55.21 Medical examination. An applicant for a license shall have a medical examination by a physician. A licensee shall have a medical...

30 CFR 77.1403 - Daily examination of hoisting equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...: (a) Elevators. (1) A visual examination of the ropes for wear, broken wires, and corrosion.... (1) An examination of the rope fastenings for defects; (2) An examination of sheaves for broken... automatic controls and brakes required under § 77.1401. (Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of...

30 CFR 77.1403 - Daily examination of hoisting equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...: (a) Elevators. (1) A visual examination of the ropes for wear, broken wires, and corrosion.... (1) An examination of the rope fastenings for defects; (2) An examination of sheaves for broken... automatic controls and brakes required under § 77.1401. (Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of...

30 CFR 77.1433 - Examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., and improper lubrication or dressing. In addition, visual examination for wear and broken wires shall... Wire Ropes § 77.1433 Examinations. (a) At least once every fourteen calendar days, each wire rope in... examined on a daily basis. (b) Before any person is hoisted with a newly installed wire rope or any wire...

30 CFR 77.1433 - Examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., and improper lubrication or dressing. In addition, visual examination for wear and broken wires shall... Wire Ropes § 77.1433 Examinations. (a) At least once every fourteen calendar days, each wire rope in... examined on a daily basis. (b) Before any person is hoisted with a newly installed wire rope or any wire...

30 CFR 77.1403 - Daily examination of hoisting equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...: (a) Elevators. (1) A visual examination of the ropes for wear, broken wires, and corrosion.... (1) An examination of the rope fastenings for defects; (2) An examination of sheaves for broken... automatic controls and brakes required under § 77.1401. (Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of...

30 CFR 77.1403 - Daily examination of hoisting equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...: (a) Elevators. (1) A visual examination of the ropes for wear, broken wires, and corrosion.... (1) An examination of the rope fastenings for defects; (2) An examination of sheaves for broken... automatic controls and brakes required under § 77.1401. (Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of...

30 CFR 77.1403 - Daily examination of hoisting equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...: (a) Elevators. (1) A visual examination of the ropes for wear, broken wires, and corrosion.... (1) An examination of the rope fastenings for defects; (2) An examination of sheaves for broken... automatic controls and brakes required under § 77.1401. (Sec. 101, Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of...

30 CFR 77.1433 - Examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., and improper lubrication or dressing. In addition, visual examination for wear and broken wires shall... Wire Ropes § 77.1433 Examinations. (a) At least once every fourteen calendar days, each wire rope in... examined on a daily basis. (b) Before any person is hoisted with a newly installed wire rope or any wire...

47 CFR 13.207 - Preparing an examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Preparing an examination. (a) Each telegraphy message and each written question set administered to an... may obtain the written question sets from a supplier or other COLEM. (c) A telegraphy examination must... examination. Each five letters of the alphabet must be counted as one word or one code group. Each numeral...

47 CFR 13.207 - Preparing an examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Preparing an examination. (a) Each telegraphy message and each written question set administered to an... may obtain the written question sets from a supplier or other COLEM. (c) A telegraphy examination must... examination. Each five letters of the alphabet must be counted as one word or one code group. Each numeral...

47 CFR 13.207 - Preparing an examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Preparing an examination. (a) Each telegraphy message and each written question set administered to an... may obtain the written question sets from a supplier or other COLEM. (c) A telegraphy examination must... examination. Each five letters of the alphabet must be counted as one word or one code group. Each numeral...

47 CFR 13.207 - Preparing an examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Preparing an examination. (a) Each telegraphy message and each written question set administered to an... may obtain the written question sets from a supplier or other COLEM. (c) A telegraphy examination must... examination. Each five letters of the alphabet must be counted as one word or one code group. Each numeral...

78 FR 42074 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Information Collection; Examination of Records by Comptroller...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-15

...; Information Collection; Examination of Records by Comptroller General and Contract Audit AGENCY: Department of... collection requirement concerning the examination of records by comptroller general and contract audit. DATES... ``Information Collection 9000-0034, Examination of Records by Comptroller General and Contract Audit'' on your...

Perceptions of Trust in Public Examinations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simpson, Lucy; Baird, Jo-Anne

2013-01-01

Over recent years, the credibility of public examinations in England has increasingly come to the fore. Government agencies have invested time and money into researching public perceptions of the reliability and validity of examinations. Whilst such research overlaps into the conceptual domain of trust, trust in examinations remains an elusive…

In the Eye of the Examinee: Likable Examiners Interfere with Performance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vormittag, Isabella; Ortner, Tuulia M.

2014-01-01

We investigated effects of examiners' ascribed likability and examiners' gender on test performance during a standardized face-to-face testing situation assessing self-estimated and de facto verbal knowledge. One hundred fourteen nonpsychology students were individually tested by one of 22 examiners. A moderated regression analysis…

10 CFR 55.21 - Medical examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Medical examination. 55.21 Section 55.21 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) OPERATORS' LICENSES Medical Requirements § 55.21 Medical examination. An applicant for a license shall have a medical examination by a physician. A licensee shall have a medical...

49 CFR 511.35 - Testimony upon oral examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...) Transcription and filing of testimony—(1) Transcription. Upon request by any party, the testimony recorded at an... party who notices the examination shall pay for the examination. The party who requests transcription of the examination shall pay for the transcription. (g) Failure to attend or to serve subpoena; expenses...

Examination Management and Examination Malpractice: The Nexus

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ogunji, James A.

2011-01-01

Examination malpractice or cheating has become a global phenomenon. In different countries of the world today, developed and developing, academic dishonesty especially cheating in examinations has heightened and taken frightening dimension. In many countries of the world this phenomenon has become a serious matter of concern that has left many…

20 CFR 404.1519s - Authorizing and monitoring the consultative examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... examination. 404.1519s Section 404.1519s Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION FEDERAL OLD-AGE... Social Security disability programs of at least $100,000; or (2) Any consultative examination provider... at a minimum will provide: (1) An ongoing active recruitment program for consultative examination...

20 CFR 702.411 - Special examinations; nature of impartiality of specialists.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Special examinations; nature of impartiality... AND PROCEDURE Medical Care and Supervision § 702.411 Special examinations; nature of impartiality of... of any prior examining physician with respect to the nature and extent of the impairment, its cause...

20 CFR 702.411 - Special examinations; nature of impartiality of specialists.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Special examinations; nature of impartiality... AND PROCEDURE Medical Care and Supervision § 702.411 Special examinations; nature of impartiality of... of any prior examining physician with respect to the nature and extent of the impairment, its cause...

20 CFR 702.411 - Special examinations; nature of impartiality of specialists.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Special examinations; nature of impartiality... AND PROCEDURE Medical Care and Supervision § 702.411 Special examinations; nature of impartiality of... of any prior examining physician with respect to the nature and extent of the impairment, its cause...

37 CFR 1.104 - Nature of examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 37 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Nature of examination. 1.104 Section 1.104 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, DEPARTMENT OF... Applications § 1.104 Nature of examination. (a) Examiner's action. (1) On taking up an application for...

37 CFR 1.104 - Nature of examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 37 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Nature of examination. 1.104 Section 1.104 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, DEPARTMENT OF... Applications § 1.104 Nature of examination. (a) Examiner's action. (1) On taking up an application for...

20 CFR 702.411 - Special examinations; nature of impartiality of specialists.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Special examinations; nature of impartiality... AND PROCEDURE Medical Care and Supervision § 702.411 Special examinations; nature of impartiality of... of any prior examining physician with respect to the nature and extent of the impairment, its cause...

20 CFR 702.411 - Special examinations; nature of impartiality of specialists.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Special examinations; nature of impartiality... AND PROCEDURE Medical Care and Supervision § 702.411 Special examinations; nature of impartiality of... of any prior examining physician with respect to the nature and extent of the impairment, its cause...

37 CFR 1.104 - Nature of examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 37 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Nature of examination. 1.104 Section 1.104 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, DEPARTMENT OF... Applications § 1.104 Nature of examination. (a) Examiner's action. (1) On taking up an application for...

49 CFR 240.127 - Criteria for examining skill performance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Criteria for examining skill performance. 240.127... Elements of the Certification Process § 240.127 Criteria for examining skill performance. (a) Each railroad... have procedures for examining the performance skills of a person being evaluated for qualification as a...

49 CFR 240.127 - Criteria for examining skill performance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Criteria for examining skill performance. 240.127... Elements of the Certification Process § 240.127 Criteria for examining skill performance. (a) Each railroad... have procedures for examining the performance skills of a person being evaluated for qualification as a...

49 CFR 452.9 - Elements of a continuous examination program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.9... following minimum requirements: (1) A thorough examination that must include a detailed visual inspection... disclosed by the examination must be corrected by the owner before the container is continued in service. A...

49 CFR 452.9 - Elements of a continuous examination program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.9... following minimum requirements: (1) A thorough examination that must include a detailed visual inspection... disclosed by the examination must be corrected by the owner before the container is continued in service. A...

49 CFR 452.9 - Elements of a continuous examination program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.9... following minimum requirements: (1) A thorough examination that must include a detailed visual inspection... disclosed by the examination must be corrected by the owner before the container is continued in service. A...

49 CFR 452.9 - Elements of a continuous examination program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.9... following minimum requirements: (1) A thorough examination that must include a detailed visual inspection... disclosed by the examination must be corrected by the owner before the container is continued in service. A...

49 CFR 452.9 - Elements of a continuous examination program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.9... following minimum requirements: (1) A thorough examination that must include a detailed visual inspection... disclosed by the examination must be corrected by the owner before the container is continued in service. A...

Nursing Distance Learning Course Comparison of Assignments and Examination Scores

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mundine, Jennifer

2016-01-01

Nursing programs have embraced distance learning in their curricula, but discussion is ongoing about course assignments and grading criteria to increase examination scores in nursing distance learning courses. Because course examinations are a predictor of success on the postgraduate licensing examination (NCLEX-RN), the purpose of this study was…

An Assessment of an Oral Examination Format for Evaluating Clinical Competence in Emergency Medicine.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Solomon, David J.; And Others

1990-01-01

In July 1989 the American Board of Emergency Medicine conducted a field test of the oral recertification examination process. Sixteen examiners and 25 examinees participated in the field test. The examination included 3 chart-stimulated recall and 3 simulated-patient encounter cases. (MLW)

30 CFR 56.3401 - Examination of ground conditions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Examination of ground conditions. 56.3401... NONMETAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS-SURFACE METAL AND NONMETAL MINES Ground Control Precautions § 56.3401 Examination of ground conditions. Persons experienced in examining and testing for loose...

30 CFR 56.3401 - Examination of ground conditions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Examination of ground conditions. 56.3401... NONMETAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS-SURFACE METAL AND NONMETAL MINES Ground Control Precautions § 56.3401 Examination of ground conditions. Persons experienced in examining and testing for loose...

49 CFR 109.9 - Transportation for examination and analysis.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Transportation for examination and analysis. 109.9... ORDERS, AND EMERGENCY RECALLS § 109.9 Transportation for examination and analysis. (a) An agent may direct a package to be transported to a facility for examination and analysis when the agent determines...

10 CFR 55.21 - Medical examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Medical examination. 55.21 Section 55.21 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) OPERATORS' LICENSES Medical Requirements § 55.21 Medical examination. An applicant for a license shall have a medical examination by a physician. A licensee shall have a medical...

20 CFR 220.57 - Types of purchased examinations and selection of sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Types of purchased examinations and selection... RAILROAD RETIREMENT ACT DETERMINING DISABILITY Consultative Examinations § 220.57 Types of purchased... of examinations and tests the Board will purchase depends upon the additional evidence needed for the...

46 CFR 162.028-6 - Examinations, tests, and inspections.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Examinations, tests, and inspections. 162.028-6 Section... Type § 162.028-6 Examinations, tests, and inspections. (a) Full examinations, tests, and inspections to..., inspections, and tests as to satisfy himself that the quality assurance program of the manufacturer is...

42 CFR 32.88 - Examinations and treatment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Examinations and treatment. 32.88 Section 32.88... Hansen's Disease § 32.88 Examinations and treatment. Patients will be provided necessary clinical examinations which may be required for the diagnosis of primary or secondary conditions, and such treatment as...

76 FR 9374 - Proposed Extension of Existing Information Collection; Examinations and Testing of Electrical...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-17

... related detached components; 75.800-4 Testing, examination and maintenance of circuit breakers; record; 75...-4 Testing, examination and maintenance of circuit breakers; record; 75.1001-1 Devices for..., testing, and maintenance; 77.800-2 Testing, examination and maintenance of circuit breakers; record; and...

Physical examination of the shoulder.

PubMed

King, Joseph J; Wright, Thomas W

2014-10-01

This article summarizes the overall assessment of the shoulder joint and seeks to help direct clinicians to diagnose shoulder pathology using standard and specific physical examinations. The history and standard examination can prompt the examiner to focus on specific tests to further evaluate the shoulder and limit the differential diagnoses. An appropriate and directed shoulder physical examination allows the clinician to focus on further diagnostic strategies and treatment options for the patient. Copyright © 2014 American Society for Surgery of the Hand. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[Problems of military medical examination of military servicemen suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

PubMed

Chapliuk, A L; Brovkin, S G; Kal'manov, A S; Bulavin, V V

2015-02-01

The authors showed that at the present time military much more servicemen, suffering from obstructive pulmonary disease, may receive medical examination in outpatient conditions. Series of researches allow us to perform a medical examination on an outpatient basis. The calculation of the cost-effectiveness of health services to such patients during a military medical examination in the hospital and clinics was made. Savings during the examination in the clinic for 1 patient was 2829 rubbles.

Age-related changes in physical examination and gait parameters in normally developing children and adolescents.

PubMed

Lee, Seung Yeol; Lee, Sang Hyeong; Chung, Chin Youb; Park, Moon Seok; Lee, Kyoung Min; Akhmedov, Bekhzad; Choi, In Ho; Cho, Tae-Joon; Yoo, Won Joon; Sung, Ki Hyuk

2013-03-01

This study aimed to examine the correlations between physical examinations and gait kinematics, and age-related changes in 47 normally developing children. Physical examinations were not found to be significantly correlated with kinematics, except for Thomas and Staheli tests. Unilateral and bilateral popliteal angles decreased significantly by 2.2 and 1.6° per annum, and ankle dorsiflexion with knee extension and 90° flexion decreased significantly by 0.7 and 0.8°. Physical examinations and gait parameters might represent different dimensions of gait, and care should be taken when assessing gait problems. Age-related changes should be considered when interpreting physical examination and gait kinematics for surgery.

Effectiveness of online education in teaching breast self- examination.

PubMed

Tuna, Arzu; Avdal, Elif Unsal; Yucel, Sebnem Cinar; Dal, Nursel Alp; Dicle, Aklime; Ozkan, Arife; Sezgin, Handan; Gumus, Aysun Babacan; Turgay, Ayse San; Degirmenci, Mustafa

2014-01-01

This research evaluated the effectiveness of an online education model in teaching breast self- examination to university staff and students. 1,679 women participated in a breast self-examination online training program. Breast self-examination knowledge evaluation forms developed by Maurer (1997) were used in the research and were evaluated on a 100 point scale. Paired t-test and McNemar's Test statistics were employed. The participants scored an average of 46.5 (14.0%) on knowledge on breast self-examination before training, but 77.4 (11.0%) one month after education and 76.7 (9.52%) after six months. There was a clear significant difference between these knowledge levels (p<0.05). Similarly, while the rate for systematic practice of breast self-examination among women was 30.8% before training it increased to 47.8% afterwards. Again the difference was significant (p<0.05). Online education is an effective method for teaching breast self-examination to women.

A sampling strategy for promoting and assessing medical student retention of physical examination skills.

PubMed

Williams, Reed G; Klamen, Debra L; Mayer, David; Valaski, Maureen; Roberts, Nicole K

2007-10-01

Skill acquisition and maintenance requires spaced deliberate practice. Assessing medical students' physical examination performance ability is resource intensive. The authors assessed the nature and size of physical examination performance samples necessary to accurately estimate total physical examination skill. Physical examination assessment data were analyzed from second year students at the University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago in 2002, 2003, and 2004 (N = 548). Scores on subgroups of physical exam maneuvers were compared with scores on the total physical exam, to identify sound predictors of total test performance. Five exam subcomponents were sufficiently correlated to overall test performance and provided adequate sensitivity and specificity to serve as a means to prompt continued student review and rehearsal of physical examination technical skills. Selection and administration of samples of the total physical exam provide a resource-saving approach for promoting and estimating overall physical examination skills retention.

Implementation of an accelerated physical examination course in a doctor of pharmacy program.

PubMed

Ho, Jackie; Bidwal, Monica K; Lopes, Ingrid C; Shah, Bijal M; Ip, Eric J

2014-12-15

To describe the implementation of a 1-day accelerated physical examination course for a doctor of pharmacy program and to evaluate pharmacy students' knowledge, attitudes, and confidence in performing physical examination. Using a flipped teaching approach, course coordinators collaborated with a physician faculty member to design and develop the objectives of the course. Knowledge, attitude, and confidence survey questions were administered before and after the practical laboratory. Following the practical laboratory, knowledge improved by 8.3% (p<0.0001). Students' perceived ability and confidence to perform a physical examination significantly improved (p<0.0001). A majority of students responded that reviewing the training video (81.3%) and reading material (67.4%) prior to the practical laboratory was helpful in learning the physical examination. An accelerated physical examination course using a flipped teaching approach was successful in improving students' knowledge of, attitudes about, and confidence in using physical examination skills in pharmacy practice.

A cloud-based electronic medical record for scheduling, tracking, and documenting examinations and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity.

PubMed

Arnold, Robert W; Jacob, Jack; Matrix, Zinnia

2012-01-01

Screening by neonatologists and staging by ophthalmologists is a cost-effective intervention, but inadvertent missed examinations create a high liability. Paper tracking, bedside schedule reminders, and a computer scheduling and reminder program were compared for speed of input and retrospective missed examination rate. A neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) process was then programmed for cloud-based distribution for inpatient and outpatient retinopathy of prematurity monitoring. Over 11 years, 367 premature infants in one NICU were prospectively monitored. The initial paper system missed 11% of potential examinations, the Windows server-based system missed 2%, and the current cloud-based system missed 0% of potential inpatient and outpatient examinations. Computer input of examinations took the same or less time than paper recording. A computer application with a deliberate NICU process improved the proportion of eligible neonates getting their scheduled eye examinations in a timely manner. Copyright 2012, SLACK Incorporated.

Use of annual physical examinations by aging Chinese Canadians.

PubMed

Lai, Daniel W L; Kalyniak, Sonya

2005-10-01

This study identified predictors of use of annual physical examination by aging Chinese Canadians. Data were collected from a random sample of 2,272 Chinese Canadians aged 55 and older. Based on the Andersen-Newman service utilization framework, hierarchical logistic regression analysis was used to examine the predictors of annual physical examination use. Predicting factors of annual physical health examination use were marital status, gender, length of residency in Canada, Chinese ethnic identity, social support, number of illnesses, dependency in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and depressive symptoms. Findings showed importance in targeting identified groups for preventive health education. Strengthened ethnic identity may serve to enhance one's social support network, which in turn facilitates the use of annual physical examinations. There may be awareness within the Chinese cultural network that builds education and attentiveness to preventive health care. The misconceptions about annual physical examinations were also discussed.

Physiological and behavioral parameters of infants' categorization: changes in heart rate and duration of examining across trials.

PubMed

Elsner, Birgit; Pauen, Sabina; Jeschonek, Susanna

2006-11-01

This report investigates the relations between duration of examining and heart rate (HR) across several trials of an object-examination task. A total of N= 20 11-month-olds were familiarized with a sequence of 10 different exemplars from the same global category (animals or furniture) before they received an exemplar from the contrasting category at test. Consistent with previous findings, HR was lower during states of focused attention (i.e. examining) than during states of casual attention (i.e. looking) or non-looking. Over the familiarization trials, examining stayed about the same, while mean HR increased. At test, examining increased and mean HR decreased, indicating that infants focused their attention on the out-of-category object. Psychophysiological and behavioral measures of attention were systematically related over trials, suggesting that heart rate provides a suitable objective measure to study infants' categorization performance in object-examination tasks.

Guidelines examination of victims of sexual assault harmonization of forensic and medico-legal examination of persons.

PubMed

Ludes, B; Geraut, A; Väli, M; Cusack, D; Ferrara, D; Keller, E; Mangin, P; Vieira, D N

2018-02-21

Sexual assault is a complex situation with medical, psychological, and legal aspects. Forensic experts play a major role in terms of forensic and gynecological medical examination and evidence collection in order to maintain the chain of custody. Victims should be examined by a specially trained medico-legal examiner in order to avoid multiple examinations in the surroundings that do not meet minimum health standards. The evolution and treatment of sexual assault victims are time-intensive and should optimally be provided by a team that includes a forensic medical doctor. These guidelines will be of interest to forensic medical doctors who will have responsibility for the examination and assessment of victims of sexual violence and can be used as a day-to-day service document and/or a guide to develop health service for victims of sexual violence.

76 FR 11187 - Examinations of Work Areas in Underground Coal Mines for Violations of Mandatory Health or Safety...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-01

... Examinations of Work Areas in Underground Coal Mines for Violations of Mandatory Health or Safety Standards... rule addressing Examinations of Work Areas in Underground Coal Mines for Violations of Mandatory Health..., and weekly examinations of underground coal mines. This extension gives commenters an additional 30...

Examinations and Grading: The System of Open-Book Examination is Excellent

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ching-yen, Chang

1973-01-01

Positive support for the system of open-book examination is presented. A case study of an open-book examination in organic chemistry is cited as a basis for theories that testing method improves capacity for analyzing and solving problems, deepens knowledge, and helps to overcome shortcomings of casual readings. (SM)

21 CFR 880.6320 - AC-powered medical examination light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false AC-powered medical examination light. 880.6320... Miscellaneous Devices § 880.6320 AC-powered medical examination light. (a) Identification. An AC-powered medical examination light is an AC-powered device intended for medical purposes that is used to illuminate body...

Student Performance on Practical Gross Anatomy Examinations Is Not Affected by Assessment Modality

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meyer, Amanda J.; Innes, Stanley I.; Stomski, Norman J.; Armson, Anthony J.

2016-01-01

Anatomical education is becoming modernized, not only in its teaching and learning, but also in its assessment formats. Traditional "steeplechase" examinations are being replaced with online gross anatomy examinations. The aims of this study were to: (1) determine if online anatomy practical examinations are equivalent to traditional…

Online or Face-to-Face? An Experimental Study of Examiner Training

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chamberlain, Suzanne; Taylor, Rachel

2011-01-01

Thousands of examiners are employed to mark candidate scripts from the suite of public examinations offered to students during the compulsory and post-compulsory schooling phases in England, Northern Ireland and Wales. All examiners undergo training to ensure that they interpret correctly, and apply consistently, the mark scheme for their…

46 CFR 31.10-24 - Integral fuel oil tank examinations-T/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... tanks cleaned out and gas freed as necessary to permit internal examination of the tank or tanks... of each vessel during an internal structural examination at intervals not to exceed five years. (b... inspector is able to determine by external examination that the general condition of the tanks is...

10 CFR 10.29 - Recommendation of the Hearing Examiner.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Recommendation of the Hearing Examiner. 10.29 Section 10... Recommendation of the Hearing Examiner. (a) The Hearing Examiner's findings and recommendation shall be based... for his or her findings, and shall make a recommendation as to the action which should be taken in the...

10 CFR 10.29 - Recommendation of the Hearing Examiner.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Recommendation of the Hearing Examiner. 10.29 Section 10... Recommendation of the Hearing Examiner. (a) The Hearing Examiner's findings and recommendation shall be based... for his or her findings, and shall make a recommendation as to the action which should be taken in the...

19 CFR 123.63 - Examination of baggage from Canada or Mexico.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Examination of baggage from Canada or Mexico. 123...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY CUSTOMS RELATIONS WITH CANADA AND MEXICO Baggage § 123.63 Examination of baggage from Canada or Mexico. (a) Opening vehicle or compartment to examine baggage. Customs officers are...

The Focus and Substance of Formative Comment Provided by PhD Examiners

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holbrook, Allyson; Bourke, Sid; Fairbairn, Hedy; Lovat, Terence

2014-01-01

In practice and process PhD examination is distinctive, reflecting the high expectations of students whose learning has been directed to their becoming researchers. This article builds on previous research on the examination of Australian theses that revealed that examiners in Science (n?=?542) and Education (n?=?241) provide a substantial…

46 CFR 71.50-25 - Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... areas of the hull for examination, except internal tanks that carry fuel, sewage, or potable water. Internal tanks that carry fuel must be examined in accordance with § 71.53-1 of this part. Internal sewage and potable water tanks may be examined visually or by non-destructive testing to the satisfaction of...

46 CFR 71.50-25 - Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... areas of the hull for examination, except internal tanks that carry fuel, sewage, or potable water. Internal tanks that carry fuel must be examined in accordance with § 71.53-1 of this part. Internal sewage and potable water tanks may be examined visually or by non-destructive testing to the satisfaction of...

46 CFR 71.50-25 - Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... areas of the hull for examination, except internal tanks that carry fuel, sewage, or potable water. Internal tanks that carry fuel must be examined in accordance with § 71.53-1 of this part. Internal sewage and potable water tanks may be examined visually or by non-destructive testing to the satisfaction of...

46 CFR 71.50-25 - Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... areas of the hull for examination, except internal tanks that carry fuel, sewage, or potable water. Internal tanks that carry fuel must be examined in accordance with § 71.53-1 of this part. Internal sewage and potable water tanks may be examined visually or by non-destructive testing to the satisfaction of...

12 CFR 507.2 - Who is a senior examiner?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Who is a senior examiner? 507.2 Section 507.2 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RESTRICTIONS ON POST-EMPLOYMENT ACTIVITIES OF SENIOR EXAMINERS § 507.2 Who is a senior examiner? An individual is a senior...

A Case Study of the High School Entrance Examination in Chiba Prefecture, Japan.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berman, David M.

1990-01-01

Examines the role of the Japanese prefecture (a regional government unit analogous to U.S. states) in school administration through a case study of the Chiba prefectural board of education's role in administering the high school entrance examination. Finds that the examination stratifies students into an educational hierarchy. (NL)

Correlation of United States Medical Licensing Examination and Internal Medicine In-Training Examination Performance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perez, Jose A., Jr.; Greer, Sharon

2009-01-01

The Internal Medicine In-Training Examination (ITE) is administered during residency training in the United States as a self-assessment and program assessment tool. Performance on this exam correlates with outcome on the American Board of Internal Medicine Certifying examination. Internal Medicine Program Directors use the United States Medical…

40 CFR 750.8 - Cross-examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Cross-examination. 750.8 Section 750.8... Section 6 of the Toxic Substances Control Act § 750.8 Cross-examination. (a) After the close of the... cross-examination. The request shall be received by EPA within one week after a full transcript of the...

46 CFR 61.20-5 - Drydock examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Drydock examination. 61.20-5 Section 61.20-5 Shipping... INSPECTIONS Periodic Tests of Machinery and Equipment § 61.20-5 Drydock examination. (a) When any vessel is drydocked, examination shall be made of the propeller, stern bushing, sea connection, and fastenings if...

Mathematics Lecturers' Views of Examinations: Tensions and Possible Resolutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Iannone, Paola; Simpson, Adrian

2015-01-01

If assessment drives learning and the closed book examination dominates the pattern of assessment for undergraduate mathematics (as it does in the UK), lecturers need to ensure that examinations reflect the learning they value. This article uses a mixed method approach to explore lecturers' views of the closed book examination in relation to other…

12 CFR 741.1 - Examination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Examination. 741.1 Section 741.1 Banks and... Unions and That Are Not Codified Elsewhere in NCUA's Regulations § 741.1 Examination. As provided in... examination may require access to all records, reports, contracts to which the credit union is a party, and...

7 CFR 61.30 - Examination of sampler.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Examination of sampler. 61.30 Section 61.30... Cottonseed Samplers § 61.30 Examination of sampler. Each applicant for a license as a sampler and each... examination or test to show his ability properly to perform the duties for which he is applying for a license...