Fast and accurate face recognition based on image compression

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zheng, Yufeng; Blasch, Erik

2017-05-01

Image compression is desired for many image-related applications especially for network-based applications with bandwidth and storage constraints. The face recognition community typical reports concentrate on the maximal compression rate that would not decrease the recognition accuracy. In general, the wavelet-based face recognition methods such as EBGM (elastic bunch graph matching) and FPB (face pattern byte) are of high performance but run slowly due to their high computation demands. The PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and LDA (Linear Discriminant Analysis) algorithms run fast but perform poorly in face recognition. In this paper, we propose a novel face recognition method based on standard image compression algorithm, which is termed as compression-based (CPB) face recognition. First, all gallery images are compressed by the selected compression algorithm. Second, a mixed image is formed with the probe and gallery images and then compressed. Third, a composite compression ratio (CCR) is computed with three compression ratios calculated from: probe, gallery and mixed images. Finally, the CCR values are compared and the largest CCR corresponds to the matched face. The time cost of each face matching is about the time of compressing the mixed face image. We tested the proposed CPB method on the "ASUMSS face database" (visible and thermal images) from 105 subjects. The face recognition accuracy with visible images is 94.76% when using JPEG compression. On the same face dataset, the accuracy of FPB algorithm was reported as 91.43%. The JPEG-compressionbased (JPEG-CPB) face recognition is standard and fast, which may be integrated into a real-time imaging device.

An integrated content and metadata based retrieval system for art.

PubMed

Lewis, Paul H; Martinez, Kirk; Abas, Fazly Salleh; Fauzi, Mohammad Faizal Ahmad; Chan, Stephen C Y; Addis, Matthew J; Boniface, Mike J; Grimwood, Paul; Stevenson, Alison; Lahanier, Christian; Stevenson, James

2004-03-01

A new approach to image retrieval is presented in the domain of museum and gallery image collections. Specialist algorithms, developed to address specific retrieval tasks, are combined with more conventional content and metadata retrieval approaches, and implemented within a distributed architecture to provide cross-collection searching and navigation in a seamless way. External systems can access the different collections using interoperability protocols and open standards, which were extended to accommodate content based as well as text based retrieval paradigms. After a brief overview of the complete system, we describe the novel design and evaluation of some of the specialist image analysis algorithms including a method for image retrieval based on sub-image queries, retrievals based on very low quality images and retrieval using canvas crack patterns. We show how effective retrieval results can be achieved by real end-users consisting of major museums and galleries, accessing the distributed but integrated digital collections.

Ear recognition from one sample per person.

PubMed

Chen, Long; Mu, Zhichun; Zhang, Baoqing; Zhang, Yi

2015-01-01

Biometrics has the advantages of efficiency and convenience in identity authentication. As one of the most promising biometric-based methods, ear recognition has received broad attention and research. Previous studies have achieved remarkable performance with multiple samples per person (MSPP) in the gallery. However, most conventional methods are insufficient when there is only one sample per person (OSPP) available in the gallery. To solve the OSPP problem by maximizing the use of a single sample, this paper proposes a hybrid multi-keypoint descriptor sparse representation-based classification (MKD-SRC) ear recognition approach based on 2D and 3D information. Because most 3D sensors capture 3D data accessorizing the corresponding 2D data, it is sensible to use both types of information. First, the ear region is extracted from the profile. Second, keypoints are detected and described for both the 2D texture image and 3D range image. Then, the hybrid MKD-SRC algorithm is used to complete the recognition with only OSPP in the gallery. Experimental results on a benchmark dataset have demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method in resolving the OSPP problem. A Rank-one recognition rate of 96.4% is achieved for a gallery of 415 subjects, and the time involved in the computation is satisfactory compared to conventional methods.

Cocaine

MedlinePlus

... confidencial Press Room » Multi-Media Library » Image Gallery » Cocaine COCAINE To Save Images: First click on the thumbnail ... your Save in directory and then click Save. Cocaine Crack Cocaine RESOURCE CENTER Controlled Substances Act DEA ...

Image Use Fees | Galaxy of Images

Science.gov Websites

This site has moved! Please go to our new Image Gallery site! dot header Image Use Fees Licensing , research and study purposes only. For current pricing, please download our Image Use Fee Schedule See our Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) list for additional information. Purchase an image now Contact Information

Matching forensic sketches to mug shot photos.

PubMed

Klare, Brendan F; Li, Zhifeng; Jain, Anil K

2011-03-01

The problem of matching a forensic sketch to a gallery of mug shot images is addressed in this paper. Previous research in sketch matching only offered solutions to matching highly accurate sketches that were drawn while looking at the subject (viewed sketches). Forensic sketches differ from viewed sketches in that they are drawn by a police sketch artist using the description of the subject provided by an eyewitness. To identify forensic sketches, we present a framework called local feature-based discriminant analysis (LFDA). In LFDA, we individually represent both sketches and photos using SIFT feature descriptors and multiscale local binary patterns (MLBP). Multiple discriminant projections are then used on partitioned vectors of the feature-based representation for minimum distance matching. We apply this method to match a data set of 159 forensic sketches against a mug shot gallery containing 10,159 images. Compared to a leading commercial face recognition system, LFDA offers substantial improvements in matching forensic sketches to the corresponding face images. We were able to further improve the matching performance using race and gender information to reduce the target gallery size. Additional experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework leads to state-of-the-art accuracys when matching viewed sketches.

Contacts | Galaxy of Images

Science.gov Websites

This site has moved! Please go to our new Image Gallery site! dot header Contact Us About the Image Galaxy For licensing and other usage questions, please contact: Image use and licensing ! Enter a search term and hit the search button to quickly find an image Go The above "Quick Search

FIRE_ACE_ER2_MAS

Atmospheric Science Data Center

2017-04-26

... Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) Airborne Simulator (MAS) Data Project Title:  MAS ... IDL Code ER2 Flight Tracks Related Data:  MAS Additional Info:  ER-2 MODIS Airborne Simulator (MAS) Image Gallery:  ...

Nicaraguan Volcanoes

Atmospheric Science Data Center

2013-04-18

article title:  Nicaraguan Volcanoes     View Larger Image Nicaraguan volcanoes, February 26, 2000 . The true-color image at left is a ... February 26, 2000 - Plumes from the San Cristobal and Masaya volcanoes. project:  MISR category:  gallery ...

About Galaxy of Images

Science.gov Websites

This site has moved! Please go to our new Image Gallery site! dot header About the Image Galaxy are added regularly. Statistics about the Galaxy of Images Frequently Asked Questions Image Use Fees Quick Search! Enter a search term and hit the search button to quickly find an image Go The above "

DEA Multimedia Drug Library: Marijuana

MedlinePlus

... confidencial Press Room » Multi-Media Library » Image Gallery » Marijuana MARIJUANA To Save Images: First click on the thumbnail ... Save in directory and then click Save. Indoor Marijuana Grow Indoor Marijuana Grow Loose Marijuana Marinol 10mg ...

Chaco Chachalaca (Ortalis canicollis, Wagler, 1830) feeding ecology in a gallery forest in the South Pantanal (Brazil).

PubMed

Ragusa-Netto, J

2015-01-01

Cracids are generalist frugivores, which often exploit plant food resources such as flowers and leaves, mainly when fruit production declines. The Chaco chachalaca (Ortalis canicollis) is the most abundant cracid in the Pantanal (Brazil), and particularly common in the gallery forests. However, the factors related to their occurrence in this habitat type are unclear. In this study I describe the feeding habits and feeding niche breadth fluctuations of the Chaco chachalaca in relation to food resources abundance and diversity at the Miranda river gallery forest (Southern Pantanal). I also analyzed the relationships between Chaco chachalacas feeding activity and food resources abundance. This parameter (flowers and fruits) exhibited significant seasonal differences of abundance in which flowers were plentiful at the end of the dry, while fruits were abundant during the early wet season. However, food resources diversity to Chaco chachalacas exhibited no seasonal difference. Their feeding activity paralleled the availability of food resources, so that when some items were massively available an enhanced number of Chaco chachalacas foraged in the gallery forest, particularly during the prolonged dry season when they extensively used flowers and Genipa americana fruits. In fact, the Chaco chachalaca feeding niche breadth value presented low values in this period, while high values were common in the rest of the year. The flexible diet of this cracid, potentially favors their year round presence in the gallery forest, mainly during the prolonged dry season when the propensity for famine might be high. Since the Chaco chachalaca is among the largest and most abundant canopy frugivores in the gallery forest, it may contribute to forest regeneration, an underscored role due to the impact of annual floods and meandering dynamics on tree loss.

Web-based scoring of the dicentric assay, a collaborative biodosimetric scoring strategy for population triage in large scale radiation accidents.

PubMed

Romm, H; Ainsbury, E; Bajinskis, A; Barnard, S; Barquinero, J F; Barrios, L; Beinke, C; Puig-Casanovas, R; Deperas-Kaminska, M; Gregoire, E; Oestreicher, U; Lindholm, C; Moquet, J; Rothkamm, K; Sommer, S; Thierens, H; Vral, A; Vandersickel, V; Wojcik, A

2014-05-01

In the case of a large scale radiation accident high throughput methods of biological dosimetry for population triage are needed to identify individuals requiring clinical treatment. The dicentric assay performed in web-based scoring mode may be a very suitable technique. Within the MULTIBIODOSE EU FP7 project a network is being established of 8 laboratories with expertise in dose estimations based on the dicentric assay. Here, the manual dicentric assay was tested in a web-based scoring mode. More than 23,000 high resolution images of metaphase spreads (only first mitosis) were captured by four laboratories and established as image galleries on the internet (cloud). The galleries included images of a complete dose effect curve (0-5.0 Gy) and three types of irradiation scenarios simulating acute whole body, partial body and protracted exposure. The blood samples had been irradiated in vitro with gamma rays at the University of Ghent, Belgium. Two laboratories provided image galleries from Fluorescence plus Giemsa stained slides (3 h colcemid) and the image galleries from the other two laboratories contained images from Giemsa stained preparations (24 h colcemid). Each of the 8 participating laboratories analysed 3 dose points of the dose effect curve (scoring 100 cells for each point) and 3 unknown dose points (50 cells) for each of the 3 simulated irradiation scenarios. At first all analyses were performed in a QuickScan Mode without scoring individual chromosomes, followed by conventional scoring (only complete cells, 46 centromeres). The calibration curves obtained using these two scoring methods were very similar, with no significant difference in the linear-quadratic curve coefficients. Analysis of variance showed a significant effect of dose on the yield of dicentrics, but no significant effect of the laboratories, different methods of slide preparation or different incubation times used for colcemid. The results obtained to date within the MULTIBIODOSE project by a network of 8 collaborating laboratories throughout Europe are very promising. The dicentric assay in the web based scoring mode as a high throughput scoring strategy is a useful application for biodosimetry in the case of a large scale radiation accident.

Image Gallery

MedlinePlus

... Ultrasound Pediatric Ultrasound Point-of-Care Ultrasound Sonography Therapeutic Ultrasound Ultrasound in Global Health Ultrasound in Medical Education CME Center CME Tracker Annual Convention Journal Tests ...

Galaxy of Images

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This site has moved! Please go to our new Image Gallery site! dot header Basic Image Search Options dot header Search Tips Enter a keyword term below: Submit Use this search to find ANY words you Irish Lion Cubs Taxonomic (Scientific) Keyword Search: Submit Many of the images in the Galaxy of Images

Face Search at Scale.

PubMed

Wang, Dayong; Otto, Charles; Jain, Anil K

2017-06-01

Given the prevalence of social media websites, one challenge facing computer vision researchers is to devise methods to search for persons of interest among the billions of shared photos on these websites. Despite significant progress in face recognition, searching a large collection of unconstrained face images remains a difficult problem. To address this challenge, we propose a face search system which combines a fast search procedure, coupled with a state-of-the-art commercial off the shelf (COTS) matcher, in a cascaded framework. Given a probe face, we first filter the large gallery of photos to find the top- k most similar faces using features learned by a convolutional neural network. The k retrieved candidates are re-ranked by combining similarities based on deep features and those output by the COTS matcher. We evaluate the proposed face search system on a gallery containing 80 million web-downloaded face images. Experimental results demonstrate that while the deep features perform worse than the COTS matcher on a mugshot dataset (93.7 percent versus 98.6 percent TAR@FAR of 0.01 percent), fusing the deep features with the COTS matcher improves the overall performance ( 99.5 percent TAR@FAR of 0.01 percent). This shows that the learned deep features provide complementary information over representations used in state-of-the-art face matchers. On the unconstrained face image benchmarks, the performance of the learned deep features is competitive with reported accuracies. LFW database: 98.20 percent accuracy under the standard protocol and 88.03 percent TAR@FAR of 0.1 percent under the BLUFR protocol; IJB-A benchmark: 51.0 percent TAR@FAR of 0.1 percent (verification), rank 1 retrieval of 82.2 percent (closed-set search), 61.5 percent FNIR@FAR of 1 percent (open-set search). The proposed face search system offers an excellent trade-off between accuracy and scalability on galleries with millions of images. Additionally, in a face search experiment involving photos of the Tsarnaev brothers, convicted of the Boston Marathon bombing, the proposed cascade face search system could find the younger brother's (Dzhokhar Tsarnaev) photo at rank 1 in 1 second on a 5 M gallery and at rank 8 in 7 seconds on an 80 M gallery.

Blanco Webcams | CTIO

Science.gov Websites

the slit, then the DECam image is being occluded. The small circle is the field of view of DECam on Meetings Upcoming Colloquia Sky Conditions CTIO Site Conditions TASCA RASICAM Infrared Sky Image CTIO Guidelines Library Facilities Outreach NOAO-S EPO Program team Art of Darkness Image Gallery EPO/CADIAS

Verification and Validation of NASA-Supported Enhancements to Decision Support Tools of PECAD

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ross, Kenton W.; McKellip, Rodney; Moore, Roxzana F.; Fendley, Debbie

2005-01-01

This section of the evaluation report summarizes the verification and validation (V&V) of recently implemented, NASA-supported enhancements to the decision support tools of the Production Estimates and Crop Assessment Division (PECAD). The implemented enhancements include operationally tailored Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) products and products of the Global Reservoir and Lake Monitor (GRLM). The MODIS products are currently made available through two separate decision support tools: the MODIS Image Gallery and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Database. Both the Global Reservoir and Lake Monitor and MODIS Image Gallery provide near-real-time products through PECAD's CropExplorer. This discussion addresses two areas: 1. Assessments of the standard NASA products on which these enhancements are based. 2. Characterizations of the performance of the new operational products.

SMS Two Column Template: Smithsonian Marine Station (SMS) at Fort Pierce

Science.gov Websites

appreciation of this invaluable natural resource. My image My image My image My image My image Discover: - over difference in IRL water quality Check Out: - the IRL Photo Gallery - the IRL Species Image Collection Downloads: - Species Database - IRL Species Bibliography My image My image My image My image My image EOL

Sandia National Laboratories: National Security Missions: Global Security

Science.gov Websites

Involvement News News Releases Media Contacts & Resources Lab News Image Gallery Publications Annual Library Events Careers View All Jobs Students & Postdocs Internships & Co-ops Fellowships Security Image Cyber and Infrastructure Security Advanced analyses and technologies for securing the

Florida

Atmospheric Science Data Center

2014-05-15

... eastern (Atlantic) coast, partially obscured by clouds, are Palm Beach, Fort Lauderdale, and Miami. Further to the east, the shallow waters ... MISR category:  gallery date:  Oct 18, 2000 Images:  Florida ...

[Concordance among analysts from Latin-American laboratories for rice grain appearance determination using a gallery of digital images].

PubMed

Avila, Manuel; Graterol, Eduardo; Alezones, Jesús; Criollo, Beisy; Castillo, Dámaso; Kuri, Victoria; Oviedo, Norman; Moquete, Cesar; Romero, Marbella; Hanley, Zaida; Taylor, Margie

2012-06-01

The appearance of rice grain is a key aspect in quality determination. Mainly, this analysis is performed by expert analysts through visual observation; however, due to the subjective nature of the analysis, the results may vary among analysts. In order to evaluate the concordance between analysts from Latin-American rice quality laboratories for rice grain appearance through digital images, an inter-laboratory test was performed with ten analysts and images of 90 grains captured with a high resolution scanner. Rice grains were classified in four categories including translucent, chalky, white belly, and damaged grain. Data was categorized using statistic parameters like mode and its frequency, the relative concordance, and the reproducibility parameter kappa. Additionally, a referential image gallery of typical grain for each category was constructed based on mode frequency. Results showed a Kappa value of 0.49, corresponding to a moderate reproducibility, attributable to subjectivity in the visual analysis of grain images. These results reveal the need for standardize the evaluation criteria among analysts to improve the confidence of the determination of rice grain appearance.

Susceptibility of walnut and hickory species to Geosmithia morbida

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Thousand cankers disease (TCD) of walnut is a result of feeding by the walnut twig beetle (WTB) and subsequent canker formation caused by Geosmithia morbida around galleries. TCD has caused extensive morbidity and mortality to J. nigra in the western United States and in 2010 was discovered in the ...

Classification of antibiotics by neural network analysis of optical resonance data of whispering gallery modes in dielectric microspheres

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saetchnikov, Vladimir A.; Tcherniavskaia, Elina A.; Schweiger, Gustav; Ostendorf, Andreas

2012-04-01

A novel emerging technique for the label-free analysis of nanoparticles and biomolecules in liquid fluids using optical micro cavity resonance of whispering-gallery-type modes is being developed.A scheme based on polymer microspheres fixed by adhesive on the evanescence wave coupling element has been used. We demonstrated that the only spectral shift can't be used for identification of biological agents by developed approach. So neural network classifier for biological agents and micro/nano particles classification has been developed. The developed technique is the following. While tuning the laser wavelength images were recorded as avi-file. All sequences were broken into single frames and the location of the resonance was allocated in each frame. The image was filtered for noise reduction and integrated over two coordinates for evaluation of integrated energy of a measured signal. As input data normalized resonance shift of whispering-gallery modes and the relative efficiency of whispering-gallery modes excitation were used. Other parameters such as polarization of excited light, "center of gravity" of a resonance spectra etc. are also tested as input data for probabilistic neural network. After network designing and training we estimated the accuracy of classification. The classification of antibiotics such as penicillin and cephasolin have been performed with the accuracy of not less 97 %. Developed techniques can be used for lab-on-chip sensor based diagnostic tools as for identification of different biological molecules, e.g. proteins, oligonucleotides, oligosaccharides, lipids, small molecules, viral particles, cells and for dynamics of a delivery of medicines to bodies.

Bee Mite ID: Bee-associated mite genera of the world

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Bee Mite ID contains an interactive key, fact sheets, an image gallery, and abundant supporting information. The interactive key allows you to choose characters to obtain a list of mite genera possibly matching your specimen. Consult fact sheets to find images and information for a particular mite g...

Genetic Underpinnings of Alopecia Areata

MedlinePlus

... consortium of professional and voluntary organizations. NIH and NASA Activities NIAMS Image Gallery Removing Pure IGE Protein ... Community Outreach Bulletin Honoring Health: Resources for American Indians and Alaska Natives Last Reviewed: 09/22/2017 ...

Highly sensitive mode mapping of whispering-gallery modes by scanning thermocouple-probe microscopy.

PubMed

Klein, Angela E; Schmidt, Carsten; Liebsch, Mattes; Janunts, Norik; Dobynde, Mikhail; Tünnermann, Andreas; Pertsch, Thomas

2014-03-01

We propose a method for mapping optical near-fields with the help of a thermocouple scanning-probe microscope tip. As the tip scans the sample surface, its apex is heated by light absorption, generating a thermovoltage. The thermovoltage map represents the intensity distribution of light at the sample surface. The measurement technique has been employed to map optical whispering-gallery modes in fused silica microdisk resonators operating at near-infrared wavelengths. The method could potentially be employed for near-field imaging of a variety of systems in the near-infrared and visible spectral range.

Acquisition of multiple image stacks with a confocal laser scanning microscope

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zuschratter, Werner; Steffen, Thomas; Braun, Katharina; Herzog, Andreas; Michaelis, Bernd; Scheich, Henning

1998-06-01

Image acquisition at high magnification is inevitably correlated with a limited view over the entire tissue section. To overcome this limitation we designed software for multiple image-stack acquisition (3D-MISA) in confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The system consists of a 4 channel Leica CLSM equipped with a high resolution z- scanning stage mounted on a xy-monitorized stage. The 3D- MISA software is implemented into the microscope scanning software and uses the microscope settings for the movements of the xy-stage. It allows storage and recall of 70 xyz- positions and the automatic 3D-scanning of image arrays between selected xyz-coordinates. The number of images within one array is limited only by the amount of disk space or memory available. Although for most applications the accuracy of the xy-scanning stage is sufficient for a precise alignment of tiled views, the software provides the possibility of an adjustable overlap between two image stacks by shifting the moving steps of the xy-scanning stage. After scanning a tiled image gallery of the extended focus-images of each channel will be displayed on a graphic monitor. In addition, a tiled image gallery of individual focal planes can be created. In summary, the 3D-MISA allows 3D-image acquisition of coherent regions in combination with high resolution of single images.

Susceptibility of walnut and hickory species to Geosmithia morbida

Treesearch

Curtis Utley; Tivonne Nguyen; Tatiana Roubtsova; Mark Coggeshall; Tim M. Ford; L.J. Grauke; Andrew D. Graves; Charles A. Leslie; James McKenna; Keith Woeste; Mohammad A. Yaghmour; Steve Seybold; Richard M. Bostock; Ned Tisserat

2013-01-01

Thousand cankers disease (TCD) of walnut is a result of feeding in the phloem by the walnut twig beetle (WTB), Pityophthorus juglandis, and subsequent canker formation caused by Geosmithia morbida around galleries. TCD has caused extensive morbidity and mortality to Juglans nigra in the western United States and, in 2010, was...

Identification of burrowing shrimp food sources along an estuarine gradient using fatty acid analysis and stable isotope ratios

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Two species of burrowing shrimps occur in high densities in U.S. West Coast estuaries, the ghost shrimp (Neotrypaea californiensis) and the blue mud shrimp (Upogebia pugettensis). Both species of shrimp are considered ecosystem engineers as they bioturbate and irrigate extensive galleries in the sed...

Integration of Microsphere Resonators with Bioassay Fluidics for Whispering Gallery Mode Imaging

PubMed Central

Kim, Daniel C.; Armendariz, Kevin P.

2013-01-01

Whispering gallery mode resonators are small, radially symmetric dielectrics that trap light through continuous total internal reflection. The resonant condition at which light is efficiently confined within the structure is linked with refractive index, which has led to the development of sensitive label-free sensing schemes based on whispering gallery mode resonators. One resonator design uses inexpensive high index glass microspheres that offer intrinsically superior optical characteristics, but have proven difficult to multiplex and integrate with the fluidics for sample delivery and fluid exchange necessary for assay development. Recently, we introduced a fluorescence imaging approach that enables large scale multiplexing with microsphere resonators, thus removing one obstacle for assay development. Here we report an approach for microsphere immobilization that overcomes limitations arising from their integration with fluidic delivery. The approach is an adaptation of a calcium-assisted glass bonding method originally developed for microfluidic glass chip fabrication. Microspheres bonded to glass using this technique are shown to be stable with respect to fluid flow and show no detectable loss in optical performance. Measured Q-factors, for example, remain unchanged following sphere bonding to the substrate. The stability of the immobilized resonators is further demonstrated by transferring lipid films onto the immobilized spheres using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique. Bilayers of DOPC doped with GM1 were transferred onto immobilized resonators to detect the binding of cholera toxin to GM1. Binding curves generated from shifts in the whispering gallery mode resonance result in a measured Kd of 1.5 × 10−11 with a limit of detection of 3.3 pM. These results are discussed in terms of future assay development using microsphere resonators. PMID:23615457

Improved MPF 360-degree Color Panorama

NASA Image and Video Library

1999-03-19

This is a more recent geometrically improved, color enhanced version of the 360-degree Gallery Pan, the first contiguous, uniform panorama taken by the Imager for Mars IMP over the course of Sols 8, 9, and 10.

GaN microwires as optical microcavities: whispering gallery modes Vs Fabry-Perot modes.

PubMed

Coulon, Pierre-Marie; Hugues, Maxime; Alloing, Blandine; Beraudo, Emmanuel; Leroux, Mathieu; Zuniga-Perez, Jesus

2012-08-13

GaN microwires grown by metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy and with radii typically on the order of 1-5 micrometers exhibit a number of resonances in their photoluminescence spectra. These resonances include whispering gallery modes and transverse Fabry-Perot modes. A detailed spectroscopic study by polarization-resolved microphotoluminescence, in combination with electron microscopy images, has enabled to differentiate both kinds of modes and determined their main spectral properties. Finally, the dispersion of the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices of strain-free GaN in the visible-UV range has been obtained thanks to the numerical simulation of the observed modes.

Cassini-Huygens Outreach: It Takes a Village to Reach the World

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

McConnell, Shannon

2006-01-01

The viewgraph presentation includes a Cassini-Huygens outreach overview, including discussions of educational initiatives, the Saturn observation campaign, solar system ambassadors, products for diverse communities, Cassini's web presence, and the Cassini raw image gallery,

Neuroelectric brain imaging during a real visit of a fine arts gallery: a neuroaesthetic study of XVII century Dutch painters.

PubMed

Babiloni, F; Cherubino, P; Graziani, I; Trettel, A; Infarinato, F; Picconi, D; Borghini, G; Maglione, A G; Mattia, D; Vecchiato, G

2013-01-01

Neuroaesthetic is a scientific discipline founded more than a decade ago and it refers to the study of the neural bases of beauty perception in art. The aim of this paper is to investigate the neuroelectrical correlates of brain activity of the observation of real paintings showed in a national fine arts gallery (Scuderie del Quirinale) in Rome, Italy. In fact, the present study was designed to examine how motivational factors as indexed by EEG asymmetry over the prefrontal cortex (relative activity of the left and right hemispheres) could be related to the experience of viewing a series of figurative paintings. The fine arts gallery was visited by a group of 25 subjects during an exhibition of the XVII century Dutch painters. Results suggested a strict correlation of the estimated EEG asymmetry with the verbal pleasantness scores reported by the subjects (p<0,05) and an inverse correlation of the perceived pleasantness with the observed painting's surface dimensions (p<0,002).

Self-assembled dye-doped polymer microspheres as whispering gallery mode lasers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Xiaogang; Sun, Hongyi; Yang, Hongqin; Wu, Xiang; Xie, Shusen

2016-10-01

Microlasers based on high-Q whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) resonances are promising low-threshold laser sources for bio-sensing and imaging applications. In this talk, we demonstrate a cost effective approach to obtain size-controllable polymer microspheres, which can be served as good WGM microcavities. By injecting SU-8 solution into low-refractiveindex UV polymer, self-assembled spherical droplet with smooth surface can be created inside the elastic medium and then solidified by UV exposure. The size of the microspheres can be tuned from several to hundreds of microns. WGM Lasing has been achieved by optically pumping the dye-doped microspheres with ns lasers. Experimental results show that the microsphere lasers have high quality factors and low lasing thresholds. The self-assembled dye-doped polymer microspheres would provide an excellent platform for the micro-laser sources in on-chip biosensing and imaging systems.

Damage initiation and propagation assessed from stress-induced microseismic events during a mine-by test in the Opalinus Clay

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Le Gonidec, Y.; Sarout, J.; Wassermann, J.; Nussbaum, C.

2014-07-01

We report in this paper an original analysis of microseismic events (MSEs) induced by an excavation operation in the clay environment of the Mont Terri underground rock laboratory. In order to identify the MSEs with confidence, we develop a restrictive but efficient multistep method for filtering the recorded events. We deduce the spatial distribution and processes associated with the excavation-induced damage from the spatial location and focal mechanisms of the MSEs. We observe an asymmetric geometry of the excavation damaged zone around the excavated gallery, without notable microseismic activity in the sandy facies sidewall, in contrast with the shaly facies sidewall where a first burst of events is recorded, followed by two smaller bursts: one locates ahead of the excavation front and is associated with a dominant double-couple component, suggesting bedding plane reworking, that is, shear fracture mode, and the MSEs of the other cluster inside the shaly sidewall of the gallery, with a dominant compensated linear vector dipole component, suggesting extensive cracking. We identify and discuss four major factors that seem to control the MSEs source mechanisms: lithology, geometry of the geological features, gallery orientation and direction of the main compressive stress.

Costs of Emergency Care

MedlinePlus

... All RSS Feeds ACEP In the News Multimedia Image Gallery ACEP Video ACEP Radio ACEP Ads Resources Statistics & Reports Health Policy Campaigns Published Letters Journalism Awards Fact Sheets Social Media Contact Us Site Body Main Content Annals of Emergency Medicine | EMAF Website | ...

NRAO Image Gallery

Science.gov Websites

Go Home NRAO: National Radio Astronomy Observatory Search NRAO... Go Home About NRAO Research Facilities Contact Us Careers Director's Office Maps & Directions Learn & Explore Radio Astronomy Brochures & Posters Presentations Essential Radio Astronomy Ask an Astronomer Astronomers Home >

India

Atmospheric Science Data Center

2013-04-16

article title:  Aerosols over India     View Larger Image ... particulates, over the low-lying plains of northeastern India appear in dramatic contrast with the relatively pristine air of the ... October 15, 2001 - High concentrations of aerosols over India. project:  MISR category:  gallery ...

Sandia National Laboratories: News: Image Gallery

Science.gov Websites

Programs Nuclear Weapons About Nuclear Weapons Safety & Security Weapons Science & Technology Robotics R&D 100 Awards Laboratory Directed Research & Development Technology Deployment Centers Audit Sandia's Economic Impact Licensing & Technology Transfer Browse Technology Portfolios

Sandia National Laboratories: News: Image Gallery

Science.gov Websites

Environmental Management System Pollution Prevention History 60 impacts Diversity Locations Facts & Figures Programs Nuclear Weapons About Nuclear Weapons Safety & Security Weapons Science & Technology Robotics R&D 100 Awards Laboratory Directed Research & Development Technology Deployment Centers

76 FR 72400 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-23

... developed biometric information systems capable of collecting and storing biometric images, associated biographic and contextual information; matching biometrics against local and external biometric galleries; displaying the results of the biometric searches; and as appropriate issuing credentials that contains the...

All-polymer whispering gallery mode sensor system.

PubMed

Petermann, Ann Britt; Varkentin, Arthur; Roth, Bernhard; Morgner, Uwe; Meinhardt-Wollweber, Merve

2016-03-21

Sensors based on whispering gallery modes have been extensively investigated with respect to their possible application as physical or biological sensors. Instead of using a single resonator, we use an all polymer resonator array as sensing element. A tunable narrowband laser is coupled into a PMMA plate serving as an optical wave guide. PMMA spheres are placed in the evanescent field on the surface of the plate. Due to small size variations, some spheres are in resonance at a given wavelength while others are not. We show that this device is well suited for the determination of an unknown wavelength or for temperature measurements. Moreover, we discuss several general aspects of the sensor concept such as the number and size of sensing elements which are necessary for a correct measurement result, or the maximum acceptable linewidth of the laser.

Fires and Heavy Smoke in Alaska

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

On May 28, 2002, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) captured this image of fires that continue to burn in central Alaska. Alaska is very dry and warm for this time of year, and has experienced over 230 wildfires so far this season. Please note that the high-resolution scene provided here is 500 meters per pixel. For a copy of the scene at the sensor's fullest resolution, visit the MODIS Rapid Response Image Gallery.

Histology on the World Wide Web: A Digest of Resources for Students and Teachers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cotter, John R.

1997-01-01

Provides a list of 37 World Wide Web sites that are devoted to instruction in histology and include electronic manuals, syllabi, atlases, image galleries, and quizzes. Reviews the topics, content, and highlights of these Web sites. (DDR)

Cross-modal face recognition using multi-matcher face scores

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zheng, Yufeng; Blasch, Erik

2015-05-01

The performance of face recognition can be improved using information fusion of multimodal images and/or multiple algorithms. When multimodal face images are available, cross-modal recognition is meaningful for security and surveillance applications. For example, a probe face is a thermal image (especially at nighttime), while only visible face images are available in the gallery database. Matching a thermal probe face onto the visible gallery faces requires crossmodal matching approaches. A few such studies were implemented in facial feature space with medium recognition performance. In this paper, we propose a cross-modal recognition approach, where multimodal faces are cross-matched in feature space and the recognition performance is enhanced with stereo fusion at image, feature and/or score level. In the proposed scenario, there are two cameras for stereo imaging, two face imagers (visible and thermal images) in each camera, and three recognition algorithms (circular Gaussian filter, face pattern byte, linear discriminant analysis). A score vector is formed with three cross-matched face scores from the aforementioned three algorithms. A classifier (e.g., k-nearest neighbor, support vector machine, binomial logical regression [BLR]) is trained then tested with the score vectors by using 10-fold cross validations. The proposed approach was validated with a multispectral stereo face dataset from 105 subjects. Our experiments show very promising results: ACR (accuracy rate) = 97.84%, FAR (false accept rate) = 0.84% when cross-matching the fused thermal faces onto the fused visible faces by using three face scores and the BLR classifier.

Automated Facial Recognition of Computed Tomography-Derived Facial Images: Patient Privacy Implications.

PubMed

Parks, Connie L; Monson, Keith L

2017-04-01

The recognizability of facial images extracted from publically available medical scans raises patient privacy concerns. This study examined how accurately facial images extracted from computed tomography (CT) scans are objectively matched with corresponding photographs of the scanned individuals. The test subjects were 128 adult Americans ranging in age from 18 to 60 years, representing both sexes and three self-identified population (ancestral descent) groups (African, European, and Hispanic). Using facial recognition software, the 2D images of the extracted facial models were compared for matches against five differently sized photo galleries. Depending on the scanning protocol and gallery size, in 6-61 % of the cases, a correct life photo match for a CT-derived facial image was the top ranked image in the generated candidate lists, even when blind searching in excess of 100,000 images. In 31-91 % of the cases, a correct match was located within the top 50 images. Few significant differences (p > 0.05) in match rates were observed between the sexes or across the three age cohorts. Highly significant differences (p < 0.01) were, however, observed across the three ancestral cohorts and between the two CT scanning protocols. Results suggest that the probability of a match between a facial image extracted from a medical scan and a photograph of the individual is moderately high. The facial image data inherent in commonly employed medical imaging modalities may need to consider a potentially identifiable form of "comparable" facial imagery and protected as such under patient privacy legislation.

3-D density imaging with muon flux measurements from underground galleries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lesparre, N.; Cabrera, J.; Marteau, J.

2017-03-01

Atmospheric muon flux measurements provide information on subsurface density distribution. In this study, muon flux was measured underground, in the Tournemire experimental platform (France). The objective was to image the medium between the galleries and the surface and evaluate the feasibility to detect the presence of discontinuities, for example, produced by secondary subvertical faults or by karstic networks. Measurements were performed from three different sites with a partial overlap of muon trajectories, offering the possibility to seek density variations at different depths. The conversion of the measured muon flux to average density values showed global variations further analysed through a 3-D nonlinear inversion procedure. Main results are the presence of a very low density region at the level of the upper aquifer, compatible with the presence of a karstic network hosting local cavities, and the absence of secondary faults. We discuss the validity of the present results and propose different strategies to improve the accuracy of such measurements and analysis.

THE BOSS EMISSION-LINE LENS SURVEY. IV. SMOOTH LENS MODELS FOR THE BELLS GALLERY SAMPLE

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shu, Yiping; Bolton, Adam S.; Montero-Dorta, Antonio D.

We present Hubble Space Telescope F606W-band imaging observations of 21 galaxy-Ly α emitter lens candidates in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Emission-Line Lens Survey (BELLS) for the GALaxy-Ly α EmitteR sYstems (BELLS GALLERY) survey. Seventeen systems are confirmed to be definite lenses with unambiguous evidence of multiple imaging. The lenses are primarily massive early-type galaxies (ETGs) at redshifts of approximately 0.55, while the lensed sources are Ly α emitters (LAEs) at redshifts from two to three. Although most of the lens systems are well fit by smooth lens models consisting of singular isothermal ellipsoids in an external shear field, a thoroughmore » exploration of dark substructures in the lens galaxies is required. The Einstein radii of the BELLS GALLERY lenses are, on average, 60% larger than those of the BELLS lenses because of the much higher source redshifts. This will allow for a detailed investigation of the radius evolution of the mass profile in ETGs. With the aid of the average ∼13× lensing magnification, the LAEs are frequently resolved into individual star-forming knots with a wide range of properties. They have characteristic sizes from less than 100 pc to several kiloparsecs, rest-frame far-UV apparent AB magnitudes from 29.6 to 24.2, and typical projected separations of 500 pc to 2 kpc.« less

National Guard > Resources > Image Gallery

Science.gov Websites

ARNG Command Sergeant Major of the ARNG State Mission Sustainability Training ARNG Distributed Learning Program Training & Technology Battle Lab (T3BL) Civil Support Simulation Exercises Regional Training Site Maintenance Battle Focused Training Strategy Battle Staff Training Resources News Publications

Missouri: St. Louis

Atmospheric Science Data Center

2014-05-15

... side, are highlighted with green vegetation. Meandering rivers in the verdant Ozark Plateau appear to the south and west. This ... data were obtained from the NASA Langley Research Center Atmospheric Science Data Center in Hampton, VA. Image credit: ... October 15, 2005 - Green vegetation and meandering rivers. project:  MISR category:  gallery ...

Verification and Validation of NASA-Supported Enhancements to PECAD's Decision Support Tools

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

McKellipo, Rodney; Ross, Kenton W.

2006-01-01

The NASA Applied Sciences Directorate (ASD), part of the Earth-Sun System Division of NASA's Science Mission Directorate, has partnered with the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to enhance decision support in the area of agricultural efficiency-an application of national importance. The ASD integrated the results of NASA Earth science research into USDA decision support tools employed by the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) Production Estimates and Crop Assessment Division (PECAD), which supports national decision making by gathering, analyzing, and disseminating global crop intelligence. Verification and validation of the following enhancements are summarized: 1) Near-real-time Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) products through PECAD's MODIS Image Gallery; 2) MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) time series data through the USDA-FAS MODIS NDVI Database; and 3) Jason-1 and TOPEX/Poseidon lake level estimates through PECAD's Global Reservoir and Lake Monitor. Where possible, each enhanced product was characterized for accuracy, timeliness, and coverage, and the characterized performance was compared to PECAD operational requirements. The MODIS Image Gallery and the GRLM are more mature and have achieved a semi-operational status, whereas the USDA-FAS MODIS NDVI Database is still evolving and should be considered

ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McRae, Linda, Ed.; White, Lynda S., Ed.

Profiling the proven cataloging methods of experts from libraries, art galleries, museums, and other institutions, this sourcebook outlines cataloging techniques for a wide variety of resources from ancient artifacts to architectural drawings. A data dictionary of relevant MARC fields is also included, along with data conversion comments. A…

MoMLA: From Panel to Gallery

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vitanza, Victor, Ed.; Kuhn, Virginia, Ed.

2013-01-01

The work presented here in this "Panel to Gallery" was originally produced and assembled for the 2012 Modern Language Association Conference in Seattle, Washington. Similar to "From Gallery to Webtext", the event Victor curated for the 2006 College Composition and Communication Conference, this "Panel to Gallery" event at MLA set aside the…

Can the usage of human growth hormones affect facial appearance and the accuracy of face recognition systems?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rose, Jake; Martin, Michael; Bourlai, Thirimachos

2014-06-01

In law enforcement and security applications, the acquisition of face images is critical in producing key trace evidence for the successful identification of potential threats. The goal of the study is to demonstrate that steroid usage significantly affects human facial appearance and hence, the performance of commercial and academic face recognition (FR) algorithms. In this work, we evaluate the performance of state-of-the-art FR algorithms on two unique face image datasets of subjects before (gallery set) and after (probe set) steroid (or human growth hormone) usage. For the purpose of this study, datasets of 73 subjects were created from multiple sources found on the Internet, containing images of men and women before and after steroid usage. Next, we geometrically pre-processed all images of both face datasets. Then, we applied image restoration techniques on the same face datasets, and finally, we applied FR algorithms in order to match the pre-processed face images of our probe datasets against the face images of the gallery set. Experimental results demonstrate that only a specific set of FR algorithms obtain the most accurate results (in terms of the rank-1 identification rate). This is because there are several factors that influence the efficiency of face matchers including (i) the time lapse between the before and after image pre-processing and restoration face photos, (ii) the usage of different drugs (e.g. Dianabol, Winstrol, and Decabolan), (iii) the usage of different cameras to capture face images, and finally, (iv) the variability of standoff distance, illumination and other noise factors (e.g. motion noise). All of the previously mentioned complicated scenarios make clear that cross-scenario matching is a very challenging problem and, thus, further investigation is required.

Fungus symbionts colonizing the galleries of the ambrosia beetle Platypus quercivorus.

PubMed

Endoh, Rikiya; Suzuki, Motofumi; Okada, Gen; Takeuchi, Yuko; Futai, Kazuyoshi

2011-07-01

Isolations were made to determine the fungal symbionts colonizing Platypus quercivorus beetle galleries of dead or dying Quercus laurifolia, Castanopsis cuspidata, Quercus serrata, Quercus crispula, and Quercus robur. For these studies, logs from oak wilt-killed trees were collected from Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. Fungi were isolated from the: (1) entrances of beetle galleries, (2) vertical galleries, (3) lateral galleries, and (4) the larval cradle of P. quercivorus in each host tree. Among the fungus colonies which appeared on YM agar plates, 1,219 were isolated as the representative isolates for fungus species inhabiting in the galleries based on their cultural characteristics. The validity of the visual classification of the fungus colonies was checked and if necessary properly corrected using microsatellite-primed PCR fingerprints. The nucleotide sequence of the D1/D2 region of the large subunit nuclear rRNA gene detected 38 fungus species (104 strains) of which three species, i.e., Candida sp. 3, Candida kashinagacola (both yeasts), and the filamentous fungus Raffaelea quercivora were isolated from all the tree species. The two yeasts were most prevalent in the interior of galleries, regardless of host tree species, suggesting their close association with the beetle. A culture-independent method, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis was also used to characterize the fungus flora of beetle galleries. T-RFLP patterns showed that yeast species belonging to the genus Ambrosiozyma frequently occurred on the gallery walls along with the two Candida species. Ours is the first report showing the specific fungi inhabiting the galleries of a platypodid ambrosia beetle.

Shooting Gallery Attendance among IDUs in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico: Correlates, Prevention Opportunities, and the Role of the Environment

PubMed Central

Philbin, Morgan; Pollini, Robin A.; Ramos, Rebecca; Lozada, Remedios; Brouwer, Kimberly C.; Ramos, Maria Elena; Firestone-Cruz, Michelle; Case, Patricia; Strathdee, Steffanie A.

2009-01-01

We identified factors associated with shooting gallery attendance among injection drug users (IDUs) in two Mexico–US border cities. IDUs in Tijuana (n = 222) and Ciudad Juarez (n = 205), Mexico, who were ≥18 years and injected illicit drugs in the last month were recruited using respondent-driven sampling (RDS). An interviewer-administered survey collected sociodemographic and behavioral data. Logistic regression was used to examine correlates of shooting gallery attendance in each of the two cities. Homelessness and being arrested for syringe possession—both structural level factors—were associated with shooting gallery use in both cities. In Ciudad Juarez, younger age and having overdosed were also associated with shooting gallery use. Our study highlights the need for structural interventions that mitigate homelessness among IDUs and facilitate changes in law enforcement practices associated with shooting gallery use. Harm reduction interventions based within shooting galleries should also be considered to prevent transmission of blood-borne pathogens among IDUs. PMID:18369723

From Earth to the Universe: Image Exhibitions in the International Year of Astronomy 2009

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Watzke, M.; Arcand, K. K.; Christensen, L. L.

2008-02-01

The fantastic images of the Universe are largely responsible for the magical appeal that astronomy has for lay people. Indeed, popular images of the cosmos can engage the general public not only in the aesthetics of the visual realm, but also in the science of the knowledge and understanding behind them. The International Year of Astronomy 2009 (IYA2009) is an unprecedented opportunity to present astronomy to the global community. From Earth to the Universe (www.fromearthtotheuniverse.org) endeavours to bring these images to a wider audience in non-traditional venues, such as art museums, public galleries, shopping malls and public gardens.

Road to Silicon Microsphere Fabrication and Mode Coupling

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-07-01

from optical fiber onto a microsphere in whispering gallery mode (courtesy of B. Butkus, Biophotonics International [2...Butkus, Biophotonics International [5]). 2 BACKGROUND SILICON MICROSPHERE FABRICATION METHODS Processes for forming spherical structures exist in...Sensitive DNA Detection.” October 2003. Biophotonics International. http://www.rowland.org/rjf/vollmer/images/biophotonics.pdf [6] James E. McDonald

Observatory Sponsoring Astronomical Image Contest

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2005-05-01

Forget the headphones you saw in the Warner Brothers thriller Contact, as well as the guttural throbs emanating from loudspeakers at the Very Large Array in that 1997 movie. In real life, radio telescopes aren't used for "listening" to anything - just like visible-light telescopes, they are used primarily to make images of astronomical objects. Now, the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) wants to encourage astronomers to use radio-telescope data to make truly compelling images, and is offering cash prizes to winners of a new image contest. Radio Galaxy Fornax A Radio Galaxy Fornax A Radio-optical composite image of giant elliptical galaxy NGC 1316, showing the galaxy (center), a smaller companion galaxy being cannibalized by NGC 1316, and the resulting "lobes" (orange) of radio emission caused by jets of particles spewed from the core of the giant galaxy Click on image for more detail and images CREDIT: Fomalont et al., NRAO/AUI/NSF "Astronomy is a very visual science, and our radio telescopes are capable of producing excellent images. We're sponsoring this contest to encourage astronomers to make the extra effort to turn good images into truly spectacular ones," said NRAO Director Fred K.Y. Lo. The contest, offering a grand prize of $1,000, was announced at the American Astronomical Society's meeting in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The image contest is part of a broader NRAO effort to make radio astronomical data and images easily accessible and widely available to scientists, students, teachers, the general public, news media and science-education professionals. That effort includes an expanded image gallery on the observatory's Web site. "We're not only adding new radio-astronomy images to our online gallery, but we're also improving the organization and accessibility of the images," said Mark Adams, head of education and public outreach (EPO) at NRAO. "Our long-term goal is to make the NRAO Image Gallery an international resource for radio astronomy imagery and to provide a showcase for a broad range of astronomical research and celestial objects," Adams added. In addition, NRAO is developing enhanced data visualization techniques and data-processing recipes to assist radio astronomers in making quality images and in combining radio data with data collected at other wavelengths, such as visible-light or infrared, to make composite images. "We encourage all our telescope users to take advantage of these techniques to showcase their research," said Juan Uson, a member of the NRAO scientific staff and the observatory's EPO scientist. "All these efforts should demonstrate the vital and exciting roles that radio telescopes, radio observers, and the NRAO play in modern astronomy," Lo said. "While we want to encourage images that capture the imagination, we also want to emphasize that extra effort invested in enhanced imagery also will certainly pay off scientifically, by revealing subtleties and details that may have great significance for our understanding of astronomical objects," he added. Details of the NRAO Image Contest, which will become an annual event, are on the observatory's Web site. The observatory will announce winners on October 15. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation, operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.

Argentina

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-12-08

Acquisition Date: February 28, 1985 The Sierra de Velasco Mountains dominate this image in northern Argentina. The Catamarca province is in the northern part of the image, and the La Rioja province is to the south. The streams are fed by runoff from the snow in the Andes Mountains to the north. These intermittent streams can dry up rapidly. The larger urban area near the bottom of the image is La Rioja, the capital of the province of La Rioja. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Landsat/USGS To learn more about Landsat and to see the orginal high res file go to: landsat.usgs.gov/gallery_view.php?category=greenflag&...

Whispering-gallery-mode-based seismometer

DOEpatents

Fourguette, Dominique Claire; Otugen, M Volkan; Larocque, Liane Marie; Ritter, Greg Aan; Meeusen, Jason Jeffrey; Ioppolo, Tindaro

2014-06-03

A whispering-gallery-mode-based seismometer provides for receiving laser light into an optical fiber, operatively coupling the laser light from the optical fiber into a whispering-gallery-mode-based optical resonator, operatively coupling a spring of a spring-mass assembly to a housing structure; and locating the whispering-gallery-mode-based optical resonator between the spring-mass assembly and the housing structure so as to provide for compressing the whispering-gallery-mode-based optical resonator between the spring-mass assembly and the housing structure responsive to a dynamic compression force from the spring-mass assembly responsive to a motion of the housing structure relative to an inertial frame of reference.

Innovative uses of GigaPan Technology for Onsite and Distance Education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bentley, C.; Schott, R. C.; Piatek, J. L.; Richards, B.

2013-12-01

GigaPans are gigapixel panoramic images that can be viewed at a wide range of magnifications, allowing users to explore them in various degrees of detail from the smallest scale to the full image extent. In addition to panoramic images captured with the GigaPan camera mount ('Dry Falls' - http://www.gigapan.com/gigapans/89093), users can also upload annotated images (For example, 'Massanutten sandstone slab with trace fossils (annotated)', http://www.gigapan.com/gigapans/124295) and satellite images (For example, 'Geology vs. Topography - State of Connecticut', http://www.gigapan.com/gigapans/111265). Panoramas with similar topics have been gathered together on the site in galleries, both user-generated and site-curated (For example, http://www.gigapan.com/galleries?categories=geology&page=1). Further innovations in display technology have also led to the development of improved viewers (for example, the annotations in the image linked above can be explored via paired viewers at http://coursecontent.nic.edu/bdrichards/gigapixelimages/callanview) GigaPan panoramas can be created through use of the GigaPan robotic camera mount and a digital camera (different models of the camera mount are available and work with a wide range of cameras). The camera mount can be used to create high-resolution pans ranging in scale from hand sample to outcrop up to landscape via the stitching software included with the robotic mount. The software can also be used to generate GigaPan images from other sources, such as thin section or satellite images, so these images can also be viewed with the online viewer. GigaPan images are typically viewed via a web-based interface that allows the user to interact with the image from the limits of the image detail up to the full panorama. After uploading, information can be added to panoramas with both text captions and geo-referencing (geo-located panoramas can then be viewed in Google Earth). Users can record specific locations and zoom levels in these images via "snapshots": these snapshots can direct others to the same location in the image as well as generate conversations with attached text comments. Users can also group related GigaPans by creating "galleries" of thematically related images (similar to photo albums). Gigapixel images can also be formatted for processing and viewing in an increasing number of platforms/modes as software vendors and internet browsers begin to provide 'add-in' support. This opens up opportunities for innovative adaptations for geoscience education. (For example, http://coursecontent.nic.edu/bdrichards/gigapixelimages/dryfalls) Specific applications of these images for geoscience educations include classroom activities and independent exercises that encourage students to take an active inquiry-based approach to understanding geoscience concepts at multiple skill levels. GigaPans in field research serve as both records of field locations and additional datasets for detailed analyses, such as observing color changes or variations in grain size. Related GigaPans can be also be presented together when embedded in webpages, useful for generating exercises for education purposes or for analyses of outcrops from the macro (landscape, outcrop) down to the micro scale (hand sample, thin section).

Large-eddy simulation of a stratocumulus cloud

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Matheou, Georgios; Chung, Daniel; Teixeira, João

This paper is associated with a poster winner of a 2016 APS/DFD Gallery of Fluid Motion Award for work presented at the DFD Gallery of Fluid Motion. The original poster is available from the Gallery of Fluid Motion,

Large-eddy simulation of a stratocumulus cloud

DOE PAGES

Matheou, Georgios; Chung, Daniel; Teixeira, João

2017-09-29

This paper is associated with a poster winner of a 2016 APS/DFD Gallery of Fluid Motion Award for work presented at the DFD Gallery of Fluid Motion. The original poster is available from the Gallery of Fluid Motion,

Parallel inversion of a massive ERT data set to characterize deep vadose zone contamination beneath former nuclear waste infiltration galleries at the Hanford Site B-Complex (Invited)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Johnson, T.; Rucker, D. F.; Wellman, D.

2013-12-01

The Hanford Site, located in south-central Washington, USA, originated in the early 1940's as part of the Manhattan Project and produced plutonium used to build the United States nuclear weapons stockpile. In accordance with accepted industrial practice of that time, a substantial portion of relatively low-activity liquid radioactive waste was disposed of by direct discharge to either surface soil or into near-surface infiltration galleries such as cribs and trenches. This practice was supported by early investigations beginning in the 1940s, including studies by Geological Survey (USGS) experts, whose investigations found vadose zone soils at the site suitable for retaining radionuclides to the extent necessary to protect workers and members of the general public based on the standards of that time. That general disposal practice has long since been discontinued, and the US Department of Energy (USDOE) is now investigating residual contamination at former infiltration galleries as part of its overall environmental management and remediation program. Most of the liquid wastes released into the subsurface were highly ionic and electrically conductive, and therefore present an excellent target for imaging by Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) within the low-conductivity sands and gravels comprising Hanford's vadose zone. In 2006, USDOE commissioned a large scale surface ERT survey to characterize vadose zone contamination beneath the Hanford Site B-Complex, which contained 8 infiltration trenches, 12 cribs, and one tile field. The ERT data were collected in a pole-pole configuration with 18 north-south trending lines, and 18 east-west trending lines ranging from 417m to 816m in length. The final data set consisted of 208,411 measurements collected on 4859 electrodes, covering an area of 600m x 600m. Given the computational demands of inverting this massive data set as a whole, the data were initially inverted in parts with a shared memory inversion code, which revealed the general footprint of vadose zone contamination beneath infiltration galleries. In 2011, the USDOE commissioned an effort to re-invert the B-Complex ERT data as a whole using a recently developed massively parallel 3D ERT inversion code. The computational mesh included approximately 1.085 million elements and closely honored the 37m of topographic relief as determined by LiDAR imaging. The water table and tank boundaries were also incorporated into the mesh to facilitate regularization disconnects, enabling sharp conductivity contrasts where they occur naturally without penalty. The data were inverted using 1024 processors, requiring 910 Gb of memory and 11.5 hours of computation time. The imaging results revealed previously unrealized detail concerning the distribution and behavior of contaminants migrating through the vadose zone, and are currently being used by site cleanup operators and regulators to understand the origin of a groundwater nitrate plume emerging from one of the infiltration galleries. The results overall demonstrate the utility of high performance computing, unstructured meshing, and custom regularization constraints for optimal processing of massive ERT data sets enabled by modern ERT survey hardware.

Single virus and nanoparticle size spectrometry by whispering-gallery-mode microcavities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhu, Jiangang; Kaya Özdemir, Şahin; He, Lina; Chen, Da-Ren; Yang, Lan

2011-08-01

Detecting and characterizing single nanoparticles and airborne viruses are of paramount importance for disease control and diagnosis, for environmental monitoring, and for understanding size dependent properties of nanoparticles for developing innovative products. Although single particle and virus detection have been demonstrated in various platforms, single-shot size measurement of each detected particle has remained a significant challenge. Here, we present a nanoparticle size spectrometry scheme for label-free, real-time and continuous detection and sizing of single Influenza A virions, polystyrene and gold nanoparticles using split whispering-gallery-modes (WGMs) in an ultra-high-Q resonator. We show that the size of each particle and virion can be measured as they continuously bind to the resonator one-by-one, eliminating the need for ensemble measurements, stochastic analysis or imaging techniques employed in previous works. Moreover, we show that our scheme has the ability to identify the components of particle mixtures.

Former Administration Building

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-10-27

This archival image was released as part of a gallery comparing JPL's past and present, commemorating the 80th anniversary of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory on Oct. 31, 2016. Building 11, one of the oldest buildings on lab, was once JPL's central administration building. It is now the Space Sciences Laboratory. This picture dates back to May 1943. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA21201

High-resolution face verification using pore-scale facial features.

PubMed

Li, Dong; Zhou, Huiling; Lam, Kin-Man

2015-08-01

Face recognition methods, which usually represent face images using holistic or local facial features, rely heavily on alignment. Their performances also suffer a severe degradation under variations in expressions or poses, especially when there is one gallery per subject only. With the easy access to high-resolution (HR) face images nowadays, some HR face databases have recently been developed. However, few studies have tackled the use of HR information for face recognition or verification. In this paper, we propose a pose-invariant face-verification method, which is robust to alignment errors, using the HR information based on pore-scale facial features. A new keypoint descriptor, namely, pore-Principal Component Analysis (PCA)-Scale Invariant Feature Transform (PPCASIFT)-adapted from PCA-SIFT-is devised for the extraction of a compact set of distinctive pore-scale facial features. Having matched the pore-scale features of two-face regions, an effective robust-fitting scheme is proposed for the face-verification task. Experiments show that, with one frontal-view gallery only per subject, our proposed method outperforms a number of standard verification methods, and can achieve excellent accuracy even the faces are under large variations in expression and pose.

Landslide Caused Damages in a Gallery

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Poisel, R.; Mair am Tinkhof, K.; Preh, A.

2016-06-01

On October 5th, 2010, cracks were found in a gallery 1.8 m high and 1.4 m wide. The gallery is 100 years old, runs parallel to a valley flank and was excavated in a tectonically strongly stressed, weathered and slightly dipping sandwich of clayey shales, sandstones and marls. The cracks in the roof as well as in the invert ran parallel to the axis of the gallery. Monitoring showed that crack widths were increasing 1.5 mm per year, sidewall distances were increasing 3.5 mm per year, whereas the height of the gallery was decreasing 2.5 mm per year. After eliminating several possible causes of cracking, a landslide producing the damages had to be taken into consideration. Monitoring of the valley flank surface as well as inclinometer readings revealed that a landslide was occurring, loading the gallery lining. Most probably the landslide had been reactivated by excessive rainfall in 2009 as well as by works for the renewal of a weir in the valley bottom. As stabilization of the slope was not an option for several reasons, it was decided to replace the gallery by a new one deeper inside the slope, which will be ready for operation in 2017. Thus the old gallery has to be kept in operation till then and it was decided to reinforce the old gallery by a heavily reinforced shotcrete lining 10 cm thick. As slope displacements went on, cracks in the shotcrete lining developed with a completely different pattern: in the section where the gallery lies completely in the landslide shear zone no cracks formed until now due to heavy reinforcement, whereas in the transition sections stable ground-landslide and landslide-stable ground diagonal tension cracks in the roof due to shear by the landslide developed. Numerical models showed that cracking and spalling of the shotcrete lining would occur only after some centimetres of additional displacements of the slope, which hopefully will not occur before 2017.

Micro-CTvlab: A web based virtual gallery of biological specimens using X-ray microtomography (micro-CT)

PubMed Central

Faulwetter, Sarah; Chatzinikolaou, Eva; Michalakis, Nikitas; Filiopoulou, Irene; Minadakis, Nikos; Panteri, Emmanouela; Perantinos, George; Gougousis, Alexandros; Arvanitidis, Christos

2016-01-01

Abstract Background During recent years, X-ray microtomography (micro-CT) has seen an increasing use in biological research areas, such as functional morphology, taxonomy, evolutionary biology and developmental research. Micro-CT is a technology which uses X-rays to create sub-micron resolution images of external and internal features of specimens. These images can then be rendered in a three-dimensional space and used for qualitative and quantitative 3D analyses. However, the online exploration and dissemination of micro-CT datasets are rarely made available to the public due to their large size and a lack of dedicated online platforms for the interactive manipulation of 3D data. Here, the development of a virtual micro-CT laboratory (Micro-CTvlab) is described, which can be used by everyone who is interested in digitisation methods and biological collections and aims at making the micro-CT data exploration of natural history specimens freely available over the internet. New information The Micro-CTvlab offers to the user virtual image galleries of various taxa which can be displayed and downloaded through a web application. With a few clicks, accurate, detailed and three-dimensional models of species can be studied and virtually dissected without destroying the actual specimen. The data and functions of the Micro-CTvlab can be accessed either on a normal computer or through a dedicated version for mobile devices. PMID:27956848

Micro-CTvlab: A web based virtual gallery of biological specimens using X-ray microtomography (micro-CT).

PubMed

Keklikoglou, Kleoniki; Faulwetter, Sarah; Chatzinikolaou, Eva; Michalakis, Nikitas; Filiopoulou, Irene; Minadakis, Nikos; Panteri, Emmanouela; Perantinos, George; Gougousis, Alexandros; Arvanitidis, Christos

2016-01-01

During recent years, X-ray microtomography (micro-CT) has seen an increasing use in biological research areas, such as functional morphology, taxonomy, evolutionary biology and developmental research. Micro-CT is a technology which uses X-rays to create sub-micron resolution images of external and internal features of specimens. These images can then be rendered in a three-dimensional space and used for qualitative and quantitative 3D analyses. However, the online exploration and dissemination of micro-CT datasets are rarely made available to the public due to their large size and a lack of dedicated online platforms for the interactive manipulation of 3D data. Here, the development of a virtual micro-CT laboratory (Micro-CT vlab ) is described, which can be used by everyone who is interested in digitisation methods and biological collections and aims at making the micro-CT data exploration of natural history specimens freely available over the internet. The Micro-CT vlab offers to the user virtual image galleries of various taxa which can be displayed and downloaded through a web application. With a few clicks, accurate, detailed and three-dimensional models of species can be studied and virtually dissected without destroying the actual specimen. The data and functions of the Micro-CT vlab can be accessed either on a normal computer or through a dedicated version for mobile devices.

Demonstration of LED Retrofit Lamps at the Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, DC

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Miller, Naomi J.; Rosenfeld, Scott M.

This report documents observations and results obtained from a lighting demonstration project conducted under the U.S. Department of Energy GATEWAY Solid-State Lighting (SSL) Technology Demonstration Program at the Smithsonain American Art Museum in Washington, DC. LED Lamp samples were tested in the museum workshop, temporarily installed in a gallery for feedback, and ultimately replaced all traditional incandescent lamps in one gallery of modernist art at the American Art Museum and partially replacing lamps in two galleries at the Musesum's Renwick Gallery. This report describes the selection and testing process, technology challenges, perceptions, economics, energy use, and mixed results of usignmore » LED replacement lamps in art galleries housing national treasures.« less

View north of west gallery of inside machine shop 36; ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

View north of west gallery of inside machine shop 36; the gallery housed turret, engine and toolroom lathes, small milling machines and drill presses used for machining small parts. - Naval Base Philadelphia-Philadelphia Naval Shipyard, Structure Shop, League Island, Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, PA

19. Historic American Building Survey Crocker Art Gallery Collection Copy ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

19. Historic American Building Survey Crocker Art Gallery Collection Copy from N. P. Goodell, Architect C1879 NORTHWEST CORNER (EAST ELEVATION?) OF 3RD & P ST. (property of Mrs. E. B. Crocker) - Crocker Art Gallery, 216 O Street, Sacramento, Sacramento County, CA

Mission Control, 1964

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-10-27

This archival image was released as part of a gallery comparing JPL's past and present, commemorating the 80th anniversary of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory on Oct. 31, 2016. When spacecraft in deep space "phone home," they do it through NASA's Deep Space Network. Engineers in this room at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory -- known as Mission Control -- monitor the flow of data. This image was taken in May 1964, when the building this nerve center is in, the Space Flight Operations Facility (Building 230), was dedicated at JPL. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA21120

Space Flight Support Building

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-10-27

This archival image was released as part of a gallery comparing JPL’s past and present, commemorating the 80th anniversary of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory on Oct. 31, 2016. Building 264, also known as the Space Flight Support Building, hosts engineers supporting space missions in flight at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. It used to be just two stories, as seen in this image from January 1972, but then the Viking project to Mars needed more room. The building still serves the same function today, but now has eight floors. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA21123

JPL Administration Building

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-10-27

This archival image was released as part of a gallery comparing JPL's past and present, commemorating the 80th anniversary of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory on Oct. 31, 2016. The Administration Building of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (Building 180) is pictured in January 1965. What appears as a parking lot in this photograph later becomes "The Mall", a landscaped open-air gathering place. A small security control post can be seen at the left of the 1965 image. And Building 167, one of the lab's cafeterias, is on the right. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA21121

Detecting light in whispering-gallery-mode resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Savchenkov, Anatoliy (Inventor); Maleki, Lutfollah (Inventor); Mohageg, Makan (Inventor); Le, Thanh M. (Inventor)

2012-01-01

An optical device including a whispering gallery mode (WGM) optical resonator configured to support one or more whispering gallery modes; and a photodetector optically coupled to an exterior surface of the optical resonator to receive evanescent light from the optical resonator to detect light inside the optical resonator.

Guards, Galleries, Fortresses, and the Octoplex

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Michael, T. S.

2011-01-01

The art gallery problem asks for the maximum number of stationary guards required to protect the interior of a polygonal art gallery with "n" walls. This article explores solutions to this problem and several of its variants. In addition, some unsolved problems involving the guarding of geometric objects are presented.

The comparison of the influence of centrifugal forces and the Sagnac effect on a rotating whispering gallery modes resonators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Filatov, Yuri V.; Shalymov, Egor V.; Venediktov, Vladimir Yu.; Dmitrieva, Anna D.

2016-10-01

The parameters of whispering gallery modes resonators can be significantly modified under the action of external factors, for instance, in the case of resonator movement. The effects, which take place in the moving resonators of whispering gallery modes, can be employed for measuring of the angular velocity. In this work we was compared the influence of centrifugal forces and the Sagnac effect on the eigenfrequencies (wavelengths) of whispering gallery modes resonators. Also work is devoted mutual relationships of the effects.

Whispering-Gallery-Mode Tunable Narrow-Band-Pass Filter

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Savchenkov, Anatoliy; Iltchenko, Vladimir; Matsko, Andrey; Maleki, Lute

2004-01-01

An experimental tunable, narrow-band-pass electro-optical filter is based on a whispering-gallery resonator. This device is a prototype of tunable filters needed for the further development of reconfigurable networking wavelength-division multiplexers and communication systems that utilize radio-frequency (more specifically, microwave) subcarrier signals on optical carrier signals. The characteristics of whispering-gallery resonators that make them attractive for such applications include high tuning speed, compactness, wide tuning range, low power consumption, and compatibility with single-mode optical fibers. In addition, relative to Fabry-Perot resonators, these devices offer advantages of greater robustness and lower cost. As described in several prior NASA Tech Briefs articles, a whispering-gallery resonator is a spheroidal, disk-like, or toroidal body made of a highly transparent material. It is so named because it is designed to exploit whispering-gallery electromagnetic modes, which are waveguide modes that propagate circumferentially and are concentrated in a narrow toroidal region centered on the equatorial plane and located near the outermost edge. The experimental whispering-gallery tunable filter (see figure) is made from a disk of Z-cut LiNbO3 of 4.8-mm diameter and 0.17-mm thickness. The perimeter of the disk is rounded to a radius of curvature of 100 m. Metal coats on the flat faces of the disk serve as electrodes for exploiting the electro-optical effect in LiNbO3 for tuning. There is no metal coat on the rounded perimeter region, where the whispering-gallery modes propagate. Light is coupled from an input optical fiber into the whispering-gallery modes by means of a diamond prism. Another diamond prism is used to couple light from the whispering-gallery modes to an output optical fiber. This device is designed and operated to exploit transverse magnetic (TM) whispering- gallery modes, rather than transverse electric (TE) modes because the resonance quality factors (Q values) of the TM modes are higher. If Q values were not of major concern, it would be better to use the TE modes because the electro-optical shifts of the TE modes are 3 times those of the TM modes.

For Kids | Volcano World | Oregon State University

Science.gov Websites

Volcanic Gases Volcanic Lightning Volcanic Sounds Volcanic Hazards Kids Only! Art Gallery Volcano Games Lightning Volcanic Sounds Volcanic Hazards Kids Only! Art Gallery Volcano Games Adventures and Fun Virtual volcano? Check out our games and fun section below! Kids' Volcano Art Gallery Games & Fun Stuff

Coral Reefs: A Gallery Program, Grades 7-12.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Aquarium in Baltimore, MD. Dept. of Education.

Gallery classes at the National Aquarium in Baltimore give the opportunity to study specific aquarium exhibits which demonstrate entire natural habitats. The coral reef gallery class features the gigantic western Atlantic coral reef (325,000 gallons) with over 1,000 fish. The exhibit simulates a typical Caribbean coral reef and nearby sandy…

Science Outreach through Art: A Journal Article Cover Gallery

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCullough, Ian

2015-01-01

Research faculty journal covers were used to create a gallery in the Science & Technology branch library at the University of Akron. The selection, presentation, and promotion process is shared along with copyright considerations and a review of galleries used for library outreach. The event and display was a great success attracting faculty…

Gallery productivity, emergence, and flight activity of the redbay ambrosia beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

Treesearch

M. Lake Maner; James Hanula; S. Kristine Braman

2013-01-01

Flight and emergence of the redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff, were monitored from March 2011 through August 2012 using Lindgren funnel traps baited with manuka oil and emergence traps attached over individual beetle galleries on infested redbay (Persea borbonia (L.) Sprengel) trees. Of the 432 gallery entrances...

Connecting Universal Design for Learning with Gallery Tours in Art Museum Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Neach, Lauren

2017-01-01

My research study titled, "Connecting Universal Design for Learning with Gallery Tours in Art Museum Education," establishes a relationship between gallery tours in art museum education and the principles of UDL, (CAST, 2011). Through this study I will address contemporary theories on art museum education, volunteer guide training, and…

The Art Gallery/La Galeria de Arte: An Exhibition of Transformation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Biagi, Juliet

2001-01-01

Describes the development of an art gallery within an urban elementary school, examining its impact on diverse students and their social interactions at school and home. The gallery had a positive impact on students (improved self-esteem, motivation, and appreciation of others); the school (transformation of the physical space and appreciation of…

The Authors Gallery: A Meaningful Integration of Technology and Writing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Deb

2008-01-01

In this article, the author first explains what an authors gallery is and suggests additional uses and modifications. Next, readers are taken through a day-by-day description of creating the gallery while having the theory behind this pedagogical choice explained. The step-by-step discussion is supported with student examples and concepts drawn…

Experiences from full-scale rockfall testing of protection gallery

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Volkwein, Axel; Fergg, Daniel; Hess, Reto; Schellenberg, Kristian

2017-04-01

Vertical drop tests have been performed at the Swiss Oberalppass road. The planned deconstruction of two avalanche protection galleries enabled a precedent evaluation of one gallery (Parde 1} regarding its capacity against rockfall. The background for this evaluation was also to evaluate an existing model for predicting the protection capacity of a rockfall gallery. Based on this model existing galleries can be evaluated whether their residual capacity is sufficient or if it is necessary to strengthen the structureaccording to the current guidelines. This contribution focusses the conduction of the experiments and the experiences obtained from. The presentation gives details on experimental setup, impact characterization, gallery performance, weather implications, data retrieval and data analysis.According to the limited time span for testing and the resources available, a compact testing series has been setup. Three fields of the gallery were tested with drop weights of 800, 1600 and 3200 kg falling from up to 25 m height. The blocks were lifted by a mobil crane. The concrete roof is supported by columns on the valley side and on the mountainside simply supported on the retention wall. The roof slabspans approximately 6x5 m with a thickness of about 0.60 m and is covered by a soil cushion, which has been unified to 0.40 m thickness previous to the test. Additional wooden columns have been installed at the roof's valleyside to avoid a failure of the concrete columns and to favorize a failure of the roof itself due to bending or punching. The measurements performed consist of high speed video records, accelerations within the impactors and on the bottom surface of the gallery roof.

Nest-Gallery Development and Caste Composition of Isolated Foraging Groups of the Drywood Termite, Incisitermes minor (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae)

PubMed Central

Himmi, S. Khoirul; Yoshimura, Tsuyoshi; Yanase, Yoshiyuki; Oya, Masao; Torigoe, Toshiyuki; Akada, Masanori; Imadzu, Setsuo

2016-01-01

An X-ray computed-tomographic examination of nest-gallery development from timbers naturally infested by foraging groups of Incisitermes minor colonies was conducted. This study documents the colonization process of I. minor to new timbers and how the isolated groups maintain their nest-gallery system. The results suggested that development of a nest-gallery within a suitable wood item is not random, but shows selection for softer substrate and other adaptations to the different timber environments. Stigmergic coordinations were expressed in dynamic changes of the nest-gallery system; indicated by fortification behavior in sealing and re-opening a tunnel approaching the outer edge of the timber, and accumulating fecal pellets in particular chambers located beneath the timber surface. The study also examines the caste composition of isolated groups to discover how I. minor sustains colonies with and without primary reproductives. PMID:27455332

Mars PathFinder Rover Traverse Image

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1998-01-01

This figure contains an azimuth-elevation projection of the 'Gallery Panorama.' The original Simple Cylindrical mosaic has been reprojected to the inside of a sphere so that lines of constant azimuth radiate from the center and lines of constant elevation are concentric circles. This projection preserves the resolution of the original panorama. Overlaid onto the projected Martian surface is a delineation of the Sojourner rover traverse path during the 83 Sols (Martian days) of Pathfinder surface operations. The rover path was reproduced using IMP camera 'end of day' and 'Rover movie' image sequences and rover vehicle telemetry data as references.

Graded-index whispering gallery mode resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Savchenkov, Anatoliy (Inventor); Maleki, Lutfollah (Inventor); Ilchenko, Vladimir (Inventor); Matsko, Andrey B. (Inventor)

2005-01-01

Whispering gallery mode optical resonators which have spatially-graded refractive indices. In one implementation, the refractive index spatially increases with a distance from an exterior surface of such a resonator towards an interior of the resonator to produce substantially equal spectral separations for different whispering gallery modes. An optical coupler may be used with such a resonator to provide proper optical coupling.

Traveling in the Snite Museum: A Gallery Game for Families and Young Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Matthias, Diana C. J.; Grey, Richard

This game, designed for use in the Snite Museum of Art, Knott Beckman Gallery, Indiana, focuses on some of the different types of travel depicted in gallery paintings from 16th and 17th century Europe. The questions, with multiple choice answers, encourage viewers to find details of every day life, and to consider whether their meaning is…

78 FR 21931 - Arlington Storage Company, LLC; Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental Assessment for the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-12

... ``Gallery 2''), previously used for liquid propane gas (LPG) storage, to natural gas storage. The Project is... an area used for salt mining and/or natural gas activities. Project work areas have been previously... ``Gallery 2'') to natural gas storage. The addition of Gallery 2 would add an incremental 0.55 billion cubic...

76 FR 68101 - Safety Zone; Art Gallery Party St. Pete 2011 Fireworks Display, Tampa Bay, St. Petersburg, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-03

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Art Gallery Party St. Pete 2011 Fireworks Display, Tampa Bay, St. Petersburg, FL... temporary safety zone on the waters of Tampa Bay in the vicinity of Spa Beach in St. Petersburg, Florida during the Art Gallery Party St. Pete 2011 Fireworks Display on Friday, November 11, 2011. The safety...

Whispering gallery modes in a spherical microcavity with a photoluminescent shell

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Grudinkin, S. A., E-mail: grudink@gvg.ioffe.ru; Dontsov, A. A.; Feoktistov, N. A.

2015-10-15

Whispering-gallery mode spectra in optical microcavities based on spherical silica particles coated with a thin photoluminescent shell of hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide are studied. The spectral positions of the whispering-gallery modes for spherical microcavities with a shell are calculated. The dependence of the spectral distance between the TE and TM modes on the shell thickness is examined.

Teaching Students to Teach: A Case Study from the Yale University Art Gallery

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manekin, Elizabeth; Williams, Elizabeth

2015-01-01

The way the Yale University Art Gallery engages students and the adult public has shifted profoundly over time, a change reflected in the evolution of the museum's signature Gallery Guide program. Founded in 1998 as an organic, experimental way to better engage Yale students to give lecture-based tours, it is now a structured, well-articulated…

Species composition, community and population dynamics of two gallery forests from the Brazilian Cerrado domain

PubMed Central

Almado, Roosevelt P; Miazaki, Angela S; Diniz, Écio S; Moreira, Luis C B; Meira-Neto, João A.A.

2016-01-01

Abstract Background To understand the impacts of global changes on future community compositions, knowledge of community dynamics is of crucial importance. To improve our knowledge of community composition, biomass stock and maintenance of gallery forests in the Brazilian Cerrado, we provide two datasets from the 0.5 ha Corrego Fazendinha Gallery Forest Dynamics Plot and the Corrego Fundo Gallery Forest Dynamics Plot situated in the Bom Despacho region, Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil. New information We report diameter at breast height, basal area and height measurements of 3417 trees and treelets identified during three censuses in both areas. PMID:27660529

The effects of agriculture on the volcanic aquifers of the canary islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Custodio, E.; Guerra, J. A.; Jiménez, J.; Medina, J. A.; Soler, C.

1983-12-01

Agriculture is a basic economic activity in the Canary Islands, a Spanish region in the Atlantic Ocean, facing the Sahara. The main crops are bananas, tomatoes, and other special ones suitable for exportation. Fertilizers are applied in high quantities on the scarce land available. The relatively good vertical permeability of the soils favors the deep infiltration of irrigation return flows. Water is obtained by an extraordinary net of shaft wells and water galleries, supplemented when possible by surface reservoirs in the deep gullies. Water is distributed by an extensive network of pipes and canals, allowing the transportation of water to virtually any point from any water source. Water quality is widely variable, from almost rain water to brackish, with a high frequency of sodium bicarbonate types. Return flows, especially when water is applied with good irrigation techniques and the original quality is poor, are saline and contain chemicals leached from the fertilizers. On Tenerife Island, most of the return flows go to coastal aquifers, while most of the water comes from high-altitude water galleries. Agricultural pollution is not generally appraised, but it exists. It can be masked by the frequent, high natural nitrate content in groundwater. On Gran Canaria Island, since water comes mainly from deep shaft wells near the irrigated areas, the nitrate pollution is much more clear. On La Palma Island, besides the nitrate pollution, a potassium pollution of agricultural origin has been mentioned. Other situations on the remaining islands are also discussed. It can be concluded that agriculture is a big concern for the water quality in many areas and impairs its suitability for other uses. Because of the great depth of the water table, the nitrate pollution may not become obvious for many years, especially for the deep-water galleries.

The Portable Art Gallery: Fostering Student Ownership and Meaningful Artmaking through Exhibiting Student Artwork

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gillespie, Jethro

2014-01-01

This article describes how High School Visual Arts Teacher Jethro Gillespie built a portable art gallery for his students--essentially an 8-foot cube made from plywood and lightweight boards that can be assembled with bolts and taken apart in sections. The ceiling pieces of the gallery have track lights, the interior walls have been painted gray,…

Phytoplankton bloom off western Iceland

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-12-08

NASA image captured 06/24/2010 at 14 :30 UTC Phytoplankton bloom off western Iceland Satellite: Aqua NASA/GSFC/Jeff Schmaltz/MODIS Land Rapid Response Team To learn more about MODIS go to: rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/?latest NASA Goddard Space Flight Center is home to the nation's largest organization of combined scientists, engineers and technologists that build spacecraft, instruments and new technology to study the Earth, the sun, our solar system, and the universe.

The Cosmology Gallery: Unity through diversity in a vast and awe-inspiring universe.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goldsmith, John

2011-06-01

Scientists, artists, religious and cultural leaders have come together to create the Cosmology Gallery at the Gravity Discovery Centre (GDC) located 70 km north of Perth, Western Australia. The Cosmology Gallery exhibitions include the multicultural cosmology artworks, Celestial Visions astronomical photography exhibition and the Timeline of the Universe. The multicultural cosmology artworks are new artworks inspired by Australian Indigenous, Christian, Buddhist, Islamic, Hindu, scientific and technological perspectives of the universe. The Celestial Visions exhibition features astronomical events above famous landmarks, including Stonehenge and the Pyramids. The AUD 400,000+ project was funded by Lotterywest, Western Australia and the Cosmology Gallery was officially opened in July 2008 by the Premier of Western Australia.

Durability of visitable concrete sewer gallery under the effect of domestic wastewater

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Salhi, Aimed; Kriker, Abdelouahed; Tioua, Tahar; Abimiloud, Youcef; Barluenga, Gonzalo

2016-07-01

The durability of concrete structures for the disposal of wastewater depends on their behavior when faced to different aggressions such as mechanics, chemical and biological, causing a deterioration often cementing matrix. The deterioration of recent evacuations wastewater infrastructure, made of reinforced concrete less than 15 years ago, has become an important concern. The aim of this study was to investigate the degradation and the factors responsible for the deterioration of the concrete visitable gallery of sewage from the town of Touggourt (south-east of Algeria). Thus, samples from different parts of the gallery were extracted and unaltered samples were selected as a reference. A degraded sample exposed to H2S gas and another sample of the gallery submerged into wastewater were analyzed to characterize the internal and external damage to the gallery as well as the chemical and mineralogical changes. These tests were complemented by a physical and mechanical characterization of the samples. The experimental results showed the strong anisotropy of both internal and external damage.

Pesticides

MedlinePlus

... Gallery Calendar of Events Champions of Environmental Health Research Committee Members History and Milestones NIEHS Reflections NIEHS 50th Anniversary – Time Capsule Project Photo Gallery About NIEHS The National ...

Whispering Gallery Optical Resonator Spectroscopic Probe and Method

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Anderson, Mark S. (Inventor)

2014-01-01

Disclosed herein is a spectroscopic probe comprising at least one whispering gallery mode optical resonator disposed on a support, the whispering gallery mode optical resonator comprising a continuous outer surface having a cross section comprising a first diameter and a second diameter, wherein the first diameter is greater than the second diameter. A method of measuring a Raman spectrum and an Infra-red spectrum of an analyte using the spectroscopic probe is also disclosed.

Remote artificial eyes using micro-optical circuit for long-distance 3D imaging perception.

PubMed

Thammawongsa, Nopparat; Yupapin, Preecha P

2016-01-01

A small-scale optical device incorporated with an optical nano-antenna is designed to operate as the remote artificial eye using a tiny conjugate mirror. A basic device known as a conjugate mirror can be formed using the artificial eye device, the partially reflected light intensities from input source are interfered and the 3D whispering gallery modes formed within the ring centers, which can be modulated and propagated to the object. The image pixel is obtained at the center ring and linked with the optic nerve in the remote area via the nano-antenna, which is useful for blind people.

Soil Flushing Through a Thick Vadose Zone: Perchlorate Removal Documented at Edwards AFB, California

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Battey, T. F.; Shepard, A. J.; Tait, R. J.

2007-12-01

There are currently few viable alternatives for perchlorate remediation in the vadose zone, particularly for the relatively thick vadose zones that are typical in the arid southwest where many perchlorate sites occur. Perchlorate in the vadose zone occurs in the form of highly soluble salts that may represent a risk to human or ecological receptors, and may also represent a threat to the underlying groundwater. A soil flushing treatability study was conducted at Edwards Air Force Base in the Mojave Desert of southern California at a site with a 129-foot thick vadose zone consisting primarily of clayey sand. This study utilized an infiltration gallery in conjunction with extraction, treatment, and re-injection of groundwater at the site, which contained perchlorate-contaminated soil and groundwater. The study objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of the infiltration gallery to 1) introduce treated groundwater back into the aquifer and 2) wash the perchlorate from the vadose zone soils to the aquifer. The infiltration gallery consisted of slotted PVC pipes within a highly permeable engineered bed of washed gravel. The initial water introduced into the gallery was amended with potassium bromide tracer. A downhole neutron probe was used to track the movement of the wetting front downward and outward from the gallery. Successive neutron measurements in vertical access tubes revealed that the introduced water reached the 125-foot bottom of the access tubes 14 weeks after the water was introduced into the gallery. The bromide tracer was detected in groundwater immediately below the gallery approximately 1 week later. The infiltration gallery was able to sustain an average flow rate of 2.3 gallons per minute. Prior to infiltration, the perchlorate concentration in groundwater below the gallery was 4,500 µg/L. Approximately 18 weeks after the start of infiltration, a perchlorate spike of 72,400 µg/L was detected below the gallery. The increase in perchlorate groundwater concentrations indicates the transfer of perchlorate from the vadose zone to the saturated zone, where it was readily captured by an adjacent groundwater extraction well. Continued flushing of treated water through the vadose and saturated zones resulted in a rapid decline in perchlorate groundwater concentrations. Confirmation soil boreholes documented the effectiveness of the soil treatment after perchlorate groundwater concentrations returned to their pre-soil flushing levels. This treatability study demonstrates that perchlorate can be removed from a thick sandy vadose zone by controlled infiltration with associated hydraulic control of groundwater to capture the leached perchlorate. The treatability study results also indicates that an infiltration gallery may provide 1) a cost-effective alternative to injection wells for reintroducing treated groundwater to the aquifer and 2) an effective mechanism for the delivery of amendments to the vadose zone and aquifer for promoting enhanced biodegradation of perchlorate in soil and groundwater.

Fast Open-World Person Re-Identification.

PubMed

Zhu, Xiatian; Wu, Botong; Huang, Dongcheng; Zheng, Wei-Shi

2018-05-01

Existing person re-identification (re-id) methods typically assume that: 1) any probe person is guaranteed to appear in the gallery target population during deployment (i.e., closed-world) and 2) the probe set contains only a limited number of people (i.e., small search scale). Both assumptions are artificial and breached in real-world applications, since the probe population in target people search can be extremely vast in practice due to the ambiguity of probe search space boundary. Therefore, it is unrealistic that any probe person is assumed as one target people, and a large-scale search in person images is inherently demanded. In this paper, we introduce a new person re-id search setting, called large scale open-world (LSOW) re-id, characterized by huge size probe images and open person population in search thus more close to practical deployments. Under LSOW, the under-studied problem of person re-id efficiency is essential in addition to that of commonly studied re-id accuracy. We, therefore, develop a novel fast person re-id method, called Cross-view Identity Correlation and vErification (X-ICE) hashing, for joint learning of cross-view identity representation binarisation and discrimination in a unified manner. Extensive comparative experiments on three large-scale benchmarks have been conducted to validate the superiority and advantages of the proposed X-ICE method over a wide range of the state-of-the-art hashing models, person re-id methods, and their combinations.

The Phosphates of Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments of the Eastern Gallery of Denisova Cave

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shunkov, M. V.; Kulik, N. A.; Kozlikin, M. B.; Sokol, E. V.; Miroshnichenko, L. V.; Ulianov, V. A.

2018-01-01

Authigenic phosphate mineralization was first studied on the territory of Russia on the basis of the Holocene and Pleistocene deposits of Denisova Cave. The formation of phosphates in the eastern gallery is related to biodegradation of the horizons of guano of insectivorous bats, which inhabited the cave in the absence man. The results confirmed the archaeological record of the Holocene and the upper part of Pleistocene sequences of the eastern gallery.

Three-dimensional whispering gallery modes in InGaAs nanoneedle lasers on silicon

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tran, T.-T. D.; Chen, R.; Ng, K. W.

2014-09-15

As-grown InGaAs nanoneedle lasers, synthesized at complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor compatible temperatures on polycrystalline and crystalline silicon substrates, were studied in photoluminescence experiments. Radiation patterns of three-dimensional whispering gallery modes were observed upon optically pumping the needles above the lasing threshold. Using the radiation patterns as well as finite-difference-time-domain simulations and polarization measurements, all modal numbers of the three-dimensional whispering gallery modes could be identified.

A mathematical model of neuro-fuzzy approximation in image classification

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gopalan, Sasi; Pinto, Linu; Sheela, C.; Arun Kumar M., N.

2016-06-01

Image digitization and explosion of World Wide Web has made traditional search for image, an inefficient method for retrieval of required grassland image data from large database. For a given input query image Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) system retrieves the similar images from a large database. Advances in technology has increased the use of grassland image data in diverse areas such has agriculture, art galleries, education, industry etc. In all the above mentioned diverse areas it is necessary to retrieve grassland image data efficiently from a large database to perform an assigned task and to make a suitable decision. A CBIR system based on grassland image properties and it uses the aid of a feed-forward back propagation neural network for an effective image retrieval is proposed in this paper. Fuzzy Memberships plays an important role in the input space of the proposed system which leads to a combined neural fuzzy approximation in image classification. The CBIR system with mathematical model in the proposed work gives more clarity about fuzzy-neuro approximation and the convergence of the image features in a grassland image.

Using visual thinking strategies with nursing students to enhance nursing assessment skills: A qualitative design.

PubMed

Nanavaty, Joanne

2018-03-01

This qualitative design study addressed the enhancement of nursing assessment skills through the use of Visual Thinking Strategies and reflection. This study advances understanding of the use of Visual Thinking Strategies and reflection as ways to explore new methods of thinking and observing patient situations relating to health care. Sixty nursing students in a licensed practical nursing program made up the sample of participants who attended an art gallery as part of a class assignment. Participants replied to a survey of interest for participation at the art gallery. Participants reviewed artwork at the gallery and shared observations with the larger group during a post-conference session in a gathering area of the museum at the end of the visit. A reflective exercise on the art gallery experience exhibited further thoughts about the art gallery experience and demonstrated the connections made to clinical practice by the student. The findings of this study support the use of Visual Thinking Strategies and reflection as effective teaching and learning tools for enhancing nursing skills. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Ocean Sand, Bahamas

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-04-20

NASA image acquired January 17, 2001 Though the above image may resemble a new age painting straight out of an art gallery in Venice Beach, California, it is in fact a satellite image of the sands and seaweed in the Bahamas. The image was taken by the Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus (ETM+) instrument aboard the Landsat 7 satellite. Tides and ocean currents in the Bahamas sculpted the sand and seaweed beds into these multicolored, fluted patterns in much the same way that winds sculpted the vast sand dunes in the Sahara Desert. Image courtesy Serge Andrefouet, University of South Florida Instrument: Landsat 7 - ETM+ Credit: NASA/GSFC/Landsat NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission. Follow us on Twitter Join us on Facebook

Dust over Japan

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-12-08

March 24, 2010 - Dust over Japan This image of gray/brown dust being blown over Japan was captured on March 21, 2010 by the MODIS on the Terra satellite. On the left is the Korean peninsula. Japan stretches diagonally across the image, up to the top right corner. The dust is likely from the sandstorm that swept across the China the previous day. The sand and dust originated from the south and east of Inner Mongolia. In this image from March 20, the dust is nearly obscuring the Bohai Sea, which is just west of the Korean peninsula. Here is a handy map. For more information related to this image go to: modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/individual.php?db_date=2010-0... For more information about Goddard Space Flight Center go here: www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/home/index.html

Ringing phenomenon based whispering-gallery-mode sensing

PubMed Central

Ye, Ming-Yong; Shen, Mei-Xia; Lin, Xiu-Min

2016-01-01

Highly sensitive sensing is one of the most important applications of whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microresonators, which is usually accomplished through a tunable continuous-wave laser sweeping over a whispering-gallery mode with the help of a fiber taper in a relative slow speed. It is known that if a tunable continuous-wave laser sweeps over a high quality whispering-gallery mode in a fast speed, a ringing phenomenon will be observed. The ringing phenomenon in WGM microresonators is mainly used to measure the Q factors and mode-coupling strengths. Here we experimentally demonstrate that the WGM sensing can be achieved based on the ringing phenomenon. This kind of sensing is accomplished in a much shorter time and is immune to the noise caused by the laser wavelength drift. PMID:26796871

Interrelation of the effects caused by the rotation of the whispering gallery modes resonator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dmitriyeva, Anna D.; Filatov, Yuri V.; Shalymov, Egor V.; Venediktov, Vladimir Yu.

2016-11-01

Optical whispering gallery modes resonators are characterized by unique properties: ultrahigh quality factor, small amount of the modes and small size. It allows to use them in compact high-precision measuring devices. In particular these resonators can be used in the composition of gyros. For today all researches, devoted to the application of the whispering gallery modes resonators in gyros, deals only with one of induced by the rotation effects (Sagnac effect or the influence of centrifugal forces on the resonator size). In this work we study the interrelation of the effects caused by the rotation of the whispering gallery modes resonator. Also in work we consider the possibility of joint application of both effects (the influence of centrifugal forces and Sagnac effect) for measuring angular velocity.

Adults Experiencing Homelessness in the US–Mexico Border Region: A Photovoice Project

PubMed Central

Moya, Eva Margarita; Chavez-Baray, Silvia M.; Loweree, Jacqueline; Mattera, Brian; Martinez, Nahomi

2017-01-01

Homelessness is a social, economic, and political crisis in the United States. In particular, the US–Mexico Border region has seen a surge of homelessness, specifically among veterans, women victims of intimate partner violence, and immigrants. In 2014, 12 persons in El Paso, TX, with experience of being homeless used the photovoice methodology to participate in a project titled, “The Voices and Images of the Residents of the Opportunity Center for the Homeless: A Visual Project on the Identity and Challenges Homeless Adults Face on the Border Region.” The project was led by faculty from the Department of Social Work and facilitated by graduate students from the Departments of Social Work, Sociology, and Anthropology at the University of Texas at El Paso. In partnership with the Opportunity Center for the Homeless, a community-based organization, a gallery of photographs with respective narratives was produced along with a video documentary. The participants identified four themes: broken systems, invisibility, opportunities and what works, and growth and determination. These themes represent participants’ life experiences with homelessness and their aspirations. In addition to the photo gallery, participants supported the development of a Call to Action asking the community, policy, and decision makers to commit to changing the current social, economic, and political conditions affecting individuals experiencing homelessness. The gallery, Call to Action, and overall participant experiences with photovoice were shared during local, regional, and national conferences and events, including three State of the Homeless Conferences led by the Opportunity Center for the Homeless in partnership with the university. PMID:28580355

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Harmon, K.M.; Lakey, L.T.; Leigh, I.W.

Worldwide activities related to nuclear fuel cycle and radioactive waste management programs are summarized. Several trends have developed in waste management strategy: All countries having to dispose of reprocessing wastes plan on conversion of the high-level waste (HLW) stream to a borosilicate glass and eventual emplacement of the glass logs, suitably packaged, in a deep geologic repository. Countries that must deal with plutonium-contaminated waste emphasize pluonium recovery, volume reduction and fixation in cement or bitumen in their treatment plans and expect to use deep geologic repositories for final disposal. Commercially available, classical engineering processing are being used worldwide to treatmore » and immobilize low- and intermediate-level wastes (LLW, ILW); disposal to surface structures, shallow-land burial and deep-underground repositories, such as played-out mines, is being done widely with no obvious technical problems. Many countries have established extensive programs to prepare for construction and operation of geologic repositories. Geologic media being studied fall into three main classes: argillites (clay or shale); crystalline rock (granite, basalt, gneiss or gabbro); and evaporates (salt formations). Most nations plan to allow 30 years or longer between discharge of fuel from the reactor and emplacement of HLW or spent fuel is a repository to permit thermal and radioactive decay. Most repository designs are based on the mined-gallery concept, placing waste or spent fuel packages into shallow holes in the floor of the gallery. Many countries have established extensive and costly programs of site evaluation, repository development and safety assessment. Two other waste management problems are the subject of major R and D programs in several countries: stabilization of uranium mill tailing piles; and immobilization or disposal of contaminated nuclear facilities, namely reactors, fuel cycle plants and R and D laboratories.« less

Face recognition from unconstrained three-dimensional face images using multitask sparse representation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bentaieb, Samia; Ouamri, Abdelaziz; Nait-Ali, Amine; Keche, Mokhtar

2018-01-01

We propose and evaluate a three-dimensional (3D) face recognition approach that applies the speeded up robust feature (SURF) algorithm to the depth representation of shape index map, under real-world conditions, using only a single gallery sample for each subject. First, the 3D scans are preprocessed, then SURF is applied on the shape index map to find interest points and their descriptors. Each 3D face scan is represented by keypoints descriptors, and a large dictionary is built from all the gallery descriptors. At the recognition step, descriptors of a probe face scan are sparsely represented by the dictionary. A multitask sparse representation classification is used to determine the identity of each probe face. The feasibility of the approach that uses the SURF algorithm on the shape index map for face identification/authentication is checked through an experimental investigation conducted on Bosphorus, University of Milano Bicocca, and CASIA 3D datasets. It achieves an overall rank one recognition rate of 97.75%, 80.85%, and 95.12%, respectively, on these datasets.

10. VIEW WITHIN THE EAST OPERATING GALLERY OF WORK STATION ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

10. VIEW WITHIN THE EAST OPERATING GALLERY OF WORK STATION WITH MANIPULATOR ARMS. - Nevada Test Site, Engine Maintenance Assembly & Disassembly Facility, Area 25, Jackass Flats, Mercury, Nye County, NV

Patient Eye Examinations - Adults

MedlinePlus

Explore Recent Photos Trending Flickr VR The Commons Galleries World Map Camera Finder The Weekly Flickr Flickr Blog Create Upload Log In Sign Up Explore Recent Photos Trending The Commons Galleries The Weekly Flickr Flickr ...

Anatomy of the Eye

MedlinePlus

Explore Recent Photos Trending Flickr VR The Commons Galleries World Map Camera Finder The Weekly Flickr Flickr Blog Create Upload Log In Sign Up Explore Recent Photos Trending The Commons Galleries The Weekly Flickr Flickr ...

GLCF: Gallery

Science.gov Websites

UMD Land Cover Classification Product External Galleries * ASTER at JPL * AVHRR at JHU * Earth Observatory at NASA * Landsat 7 at USGS * MODIS at NASA * Visible Earth at NASA e-link 4321 Hartwick Building

Nonlinear optics and crystalline whispering gallery mode resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Matsko, Andrey; Savchenkov, Anatoliy; Ilchenko, Vladimir S.; Maleki, Lute

2004-01-01

We report on our recent results concerning fabrication of high-Q whispering gallery mode crystalline resonaors, and discuss some possible applications of lithium niobate WGM resonators in nonlinear optics and photonics.

Pose-Invariant Face Recognition via RGB-D Images.

PubMed

Sang, Gaoli; Li, Jing; Zhao, Qijun

2016-01-01

Three-dimensional (3D) face models can intrinsically handle large pose face recognition problem. In this paper, we propose a novel pose-invariant face recognition method via RGB-D images. By employing depth, our method is able to handle self-occlusion and deformation, both of which are challenging problems in two-dimensional (2D) face recognition. Texture images in the gallery can be rendered to the same view as the probe via depth. Meanwhile, depth is also used for similarity measure via frontalization and symmetric filling. Finally, both texture and depth contribute to the final identity estimation. Experiments on Bosphorus, CurtinFaces, Eurecom, and Kiwi databases demonstrate that the additional depth information has improved the performance of face recognition with large pose variations and under even more challenging conditions.

5. JL photographer, summer 1978. View in filteration gallery looking ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

5. JL photographer, summer 1978. View in filteration gallery looking to filter pits. - Division Avenue Pumping Station & Filtration Plant, West 45th Street and Division Avenue, Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, OH

Portraits In Courage Main

Science.gov Websites

Portraits In Courage Vol. 7 Portraits In Courage Home About The Airmen Gallery Video Archive Links ... facebook slogan flickr slogan Home About The Airmen Gallery Video Archive Links Portraits In Courage Volume

Topological Galleries: A High Level User Interface for Topology Controlled Volume Rendering

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

MacCarthy, Brian; Carr, Hamish; Weber, Gunther H.

2011-06-30

Existing topological interfaces to volume rendering are limited by their reliance on sophisticated knowledge of topology by the user. We extend previous work by describing topological galleries, an interface for novice users that is based on the design galleries approach. We report three contributions: an interface based on hierarchical thumbnail galleries to display the containment relationships between topologically identifiable features, the use of the pruning hierarchy instead of branch decomposition for contour tree simplification, and drag-and-drop transfer function assignment for individual components. Initial results suggest that this approach suffers from limitations due to rapid drop-off of feature size in themore » pruning hierarchy. We explore these limitations by providing statistics of feature size as function of depth in the pruning hierarchy of the contour tree.« less

An optical luminescence chronology for late Pleistocene aeolian activity in the Colombian and Venezuelan Llanos

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carr, Andrew S.; Armitage, Simon J.; Berrío, Juan-Carlos; Bilbao, Bibiana A.; Boom, Arnoud

2016-03-01

The lowland savannas (Llanos) of Colombia and Venezuela are covered by extensive aeolian landforms for which little chronological information exists. We present the first optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) age constraints for dunes in the Llanos Orientales of lowland Colombia and new ages for dunes in the Venezuelan Llanos. The sampled dunes are fully vegetated and show evidence of post-depositional erosion. Ages range from 4.5 ± 0.4 to 66 ± 4 ka, with the majority dating to 27-10 ka (Marine Isotope Stage 2). Some dunes accumulated quickly during the last glacial maximum, although most were active 16-10 ka. Accretion largely ceased after 10 ka. All dunes are elongated downwind from rivers, parallel with dry season winds, and are interpreted as source-bordering features. As they are presently isolated from fluvial sediments by gallery forest it is proposed that activity was associated with a more prolonged dry season, which restricted gallery forest, leading to greater sediment availability on river shorelines. Such variability in dry season duration was potentially mediated by the mean latitude of the ITCZ. The cessation of most dune accretion after ca. 10 ka suggests reduced seasonality and a more northerly ITCZ position, consistent with evidence from the Cariaco Basin.

Badgastein spa—Austrian central Alps

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zötl, J. G.

1995-12-01

The Badgastein spa shows almost all the special geological and hydrological features existing in the northeastern central Alps. Situated within the Tauern window, the open joint system enables the infiltration of surface water to great depths. There it becomes heated and loaded with radon and trace elements such as fluor. The water discharges as thermal water springs at the steep right flank of the cascade of the Gastein-Ache. This hydraulic process occurs during a span of 3600 3800 years. The springs are captured in galleries, and the largest discharge is in gallery IX (2518 m3/d-1). The spa became known worldwide in the 19th century by visiting aristocrats from Central and Eastern Europe. The most important event in the 20th century was the discovery of the heat joint in the Böckstein gallery. In 1940 an effort to reactivate gold mining in the Radhausberg near Böckstein south of Badgastein failed. However, the miners had the unexpected experience of being cured of rheumatism. A connection between the great depth and high temperature in the gallery was made by the discovery of the joint set with heat and radon emanation. In the medical stations of the Böckstein gallery treatment of polyarthritis has become especially successful.

Leonardo da Vinci's Geology: The Authenticity of The Virgin of the Rocks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pizzorusso, Ann

2017-04-01

Viewed from a geological perspective, all of Leonardo's paintings and drawings reveal a remarkable fidelity to nature. The Virgin of the Rocks in the National Gallery in London (1495-1508), attributed to him, displays no such fidelity. If we compare it to the Virgin of the Rocks in the Louvre in Paris (1483-86) whose geological accuracy is astounding, we cannot help questioning whether Leonardo painted the background in the National Gallery work. Over the centuries, various arguments have called into question the attribution of the National Gallery painting to Leonardo. Scholars have analyzed the brush strokes, undertaken document searches and tried to prove definitively that Leonardo produced the National Gallery version. However, there have always been doubts, naysayers and many unanswered questions concerning its authenticity. The fact that attribution of the work has been the subject of such controversy throughout history suggests that new diagnostic means of determining authenticity is in order. A comparison of the representations of geological formations in the two paintings offers such means. It seems unlikely that the same person could have portrayed rock formations so accurately in the Louvre work and so incongruously in the National Gallery painting.

14. VIEW IN THE WEST OPERATING GALLERY OF POSTMORTEM CELL ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

14. VIEW IN THE WEST OPERATING GALLERY OF POST-MORTEM CELL WORK STATION AND MANIPULATOR ARMS. - Nevada Test Site, Engine Maintenance Assembly & Disassembly Facility, Area 25, Jackass Flats, Mercury, Nye County, NV

Photo Gallery from the Los Angeles River Watershed (California)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Photo gallery of the Los Angeles River Watershed area of the Urban Waters Federal Partnership (UWFP) reconnects urban communities with their waterways by improving coordination among federal agencies and collaborating with community-led efforts.

Pompton Lakes Photo Gallery

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This gallery provides representative photographs of the soil removal and dredging operations within the Pompton Lake Study Area (PLSA) performed starting in 2016 through the present. It will be periodically updated in conjunction with the progress of the

16. VIEW OF FIRST FLOOR EAST OPERATING GALLERY. NOTE THE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

16. VIEW OF FIRST FLOOR EAST OPERATING GALLERY. NOTE THE SERIES OF MANIPULATOR ARMS ALONG THE LEFT WALL. - Nevada Test Site, Engine Maintenance Assembly & Disassembly Facility, Area 25, Jackass Flats, Mercury, Nye County, NV

Tunable Optical Filters Having Electro-optic Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Savchenkov, Anatoliy (Inventor); Ilchenko, Vladimir (Inventor); Matsko, Andrey B. (Inventor); Maleki, Lutfollah (Inventor)

2006-01-01

Tunable optical filters using whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) optical resonators are described. The WGM optical resonator in a filter exhibits an electro-optical effect and hence is tunable by applying a control electrical signal.

The Habitable Zone Gallery 2.0: The Online Exoplanet System Visualization Suite

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chandler, C. O.; Kane, S. R.; Gelino, D. M.

2017-11-01

The Habitable Zone Gallery 2.0 provides new and improved visualization and data analysis tools to the exoplanet habitability community and beyond. Modules include interactive habitable zone plotting and downloadable 3D animations.

Nonlinear optical whispering gallery mode resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ilchenko, Vladimir (Inventor); Matsko, Andrey B. (Inventor); Savchenkov, Anatoliy (Inventor); Maleki, Lutfollah (Inventor)

2005-01-01

Whispering gallery mode (WGM) optical resonators comprising nonlinear optical materials, where the nonlinear optical material of a WGM resonator includes a plurality of sectors within the optical resonator and nonlinear coefficients of two adjacent sectors are oppositely poled.

Intuitive Exploration of Volumetric Data Using Dynamic Galleries.

PubMed

Jönsson, Daniel; Falk, Martin; Ynnerman, Anders

2016-01-01

In this work we present a volume exploration method designed to be used by novice users and visitors to science centers and museums. The volumetric digitalization of artifacts in museums is of rapidly increasing interest as enhanced user experience through interactive data visualization can be achieved. This is, however, a challenging task since the vast majority of visitors are not familiar with the concepts commonly used in data exploration, such as mapping of visual properties from values in the data domain using transfer functions. Interacting in the data domain is an effective way to filter away undesired information but it is difficult to predict where the values lie in the spatial domain. In this work we make extensive use of dynamic previews instantly generated as the user explores the data domain. The previews allow the user to predict what effect changes in the data domain will have on the rendered image without being aware that visual parameters are set in the data domain. Each preview represents a subrange of the data domain where overview and details are given on demand through zooming and panning. The method has been designed with touch interfaces as the target platform for interaction. We provide a qualitative evaluation performed with visitors to a science center to show the utility of the approach.

Flight of a falling maple seed

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Injae; Choi, Haecheon

2017-09-01

This paper is associated with a video winner of a 2016 APS/DFD Gallery of Fluid Motion Award. The original video is available from the Gallery of Fluid Motion, https://doi.org/10.1103/APS.DFD.2016.GFM.V0046

15. GENERAL INTERIOR VIEW LOOKING EAST TOWARDS GALLERY AND FRONT ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

15. GENERAL INTERIOR VIEW LOOKING EAST TOWARDS GALLERY AND FRONT ENTRY (NOTE DOORWAY TO BELL TOWER AT TOP AND CONFESSIONAL BOOTHS TO LEFT REAR) - Sacred Heart Church at Whitemarsh, 16101 Annapolis Road, Bowie, Prince George's County, MD

Fabrication et caracterisation de cavites organiques a modes de galerie

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Amrane, Tassadit

The aim of this master project is to combine the high quality factor of whispering gallery optical microcavities with the high photoluminescence efficiency of conjugated polymers. These polymer-cavity composite systems have a great potential for studying the interaction of light and matter in the strong coupling regime. In particular, this system would offer a great opportunity to create a Bose-Einstein condensate of polaritons, the quasi-particles made from a strong interaction between excitons and photons. Organic semiconductors, with their large delocalized excitons, coupled to good whispering gallery cavities with high quality factors and small volumes are an ideal system for this purpose. Two approaches toward this end were explored: in the first approach a pre-existing dielectric whispering gallery cavity was coated with a thin film of conjugated polymer, while in the second one the whispering gallery cavity was fabricated directly with the organic semi-conductor. For testing the first approach, a silica microsphere was dip-coated with copolymer, and the interaction between the whispering gallery modes in the microcavity and the copolymer was studied using photoluminescence spectroscopy. The well-defined resonances obtained at the emission wavelength of the organic material confirm the effective coupling between the photoluminescence and the modes of the cavity. In the second approach, we developed a process to fabricate microdisk cavities with the copolymer. The difficulty in this approach lies in the sensitivity of the organic semiconductor to the microfabrication process. It is critical to avoid dissolving or otherwise altering it during the photolithographic steps. For this purpose a protective polymer, parylene-C, is deposited on the top of the copolymer. This protective polymer was chosen to be transparent at the absorption and emission wavelengths of the copolymer and inert in the solvents used during the different steps of microfabrication. The development of this fabrication process allowed us to obtain a whispering gallery cavity with a quality factor of 5x104. These promising results suggest future uses of this cavity to explore the interactions between the polymer and the cavity modes. The adequate setup for the detection of edge-emitted photoluminescence in copolymer microdisks is in progress and will be available for the future characterisation of organic whispering gallery cavities. The development of this polymer-based whispering gallery cavities is the first step along the way toward demonstrating a polariton Bose-Einstein condensate.

Intercalation of p-methycinnamic acid anion into Zn-Al layered double hydroxide to improve UV aging resistance of asphalt

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Peng, Chao; State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070; Dai, Jing

2015-02-15

A UV absorber, p-methycinnamic acid (PMCA), was intercalated into Zn-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) by calcination recovery. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the PMCA anions completely replaced the CO{sub 3}{sup 2−} anions in the interlayer galleries of Zn-Al-LDH containing PMCA anions (Zn-Al-PMCA-LDH). X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy showed that the interlayer distance increased from 0.78 nm to 1.82 nm after the substitution of PMCA anions for CO{sub 3}{sup 2−} anions. The similar diffraction angles of the CO{sub 3}{sup 2−} anion-containing Zn-Al-LDH (Zn-Al-CO{sub 3}{sup 2−}-LDH) and the Zn-Al-CO{sub 3}{sup 2−}-LDH/styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) modified asphalt implied that the asphalt molecules domore » not enter into the LDH interlayer galleries to form separated-phase structures. The different diffraction angles of Zn-Al-PMCA-LDH and Zn-Al-PMCA-LDH/SBS modified asphalt indicated that the asphalt molecules penetrated into the LDH interlayer galleries to form an expanded-phase structure. UV-Vis absorbance analyses showed that Zn-Al-PMCA-LDH was better able to block UV light due to the synergistic effects of PMCA and Zn-Al-LDH. Conventional physical tests and atomic force microscopy images of the SBS modified asphalt, Zn-Al-CO{sub 3}{sup 2−}-LDH/SBS modified asphalt and Zn-Al-PMCA-LDH/SBS modified asphalt before and after UV aging indicated that Zn-Al-PMCA-LDH improved the UV aging resistance of SBS modified asphalts.« less

Exhibition Spaces/Galleries.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American School & University, 2003

2003-01-01

Presents educational exhibition space/galleries considered outstanding in a competition, which judged the most outstanding learning environments at educational institutions nationwide. Jurors spent two days reviewing projects, highlighting concepts and ideas that made them exceptional. For each citation, the article offers information on the firm,…

The Habitable Zone Gallery and its Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gelino, Dawn M.; Kane, S. R.

2012-05-01

The Habitable Zone Gallery (www.hzgallery.org) is a service to the exoplanet community which provides Habitable Zone (HZ) information for each of the exoplanetary systems with known planetary orbital parameters. The service includes a sortable table, a plot with the period and eccentricity of each of the planets with respect to their time spent in the HZ, a gallery of known systems which plot the orbits and the location of the HZ with respect to those orbits, and orbital movies. Here we discuss various educational and scientific applications of the site such as target selection, exploring planets with eccentric orbits, and investigating habitability.

Subfossil markers of climate change during the Roman Warm Period of the late Holocene

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jach, Renata; Knutelski, Stanisław; Uchman, Alfred; Hercman, Helena; Dohnalik, Marek

2018-02-01

Abundant bog oak trunks occur in alluvial deposits of the Raba River in the village of Targowisko (southern Poland). Several of them contain galleries of the great capricorn beetle ( Cerambyx cerdo L.). A well-preserved subfossil larva and pupa, as well as adults of this species, are concealed in some of the galleries. These galleries co-occur with boring galleries of other insects such as ship-timber beetles (Lymexylidae) and metallic wood borers (Buprestidae). A dry larva of a stag beetle (Lucanidae) and a mite (Acari) have been found in the C. cerdo galleries. Selected samples of the trunks and a sample of the C. cerdo larva were dated, using radiocarbon and dendrochronological methods, to the period from 45 bc to ad 554; one sample was dated to the period from 799 to 700 bc. Accumulation of the channel alluvia containing the bog oak trunks is synchronous with the Roman Warm Period (late antiquity/Early Mediaeval times). The most recent part of this period correlates with massive accumulations of fallen oak trunks noted from various river valleys in the Carpathian region and dated to ad 450-570. The results indicate that C. cerdo was more abundant within the study area during the Roman Warm Period than it is today.

Subfossil markers of climate change during the Roman Warm Period of the late Holocene.

PubMed

Jach, Renata; Knutelski, Stanisław; Uchman, Alfred; Hercman, Helena; Dohnalik, Marek

2017-12-27

Abundant bog oak trunks occur in alluvial deposits of the Raba River in the village of Targowisko (southern Poland). Several of them contain galleries of the great capricorn beetle (Cerambyx cerdo L.). A well-preserved subfossil larva and pupa, as well as adults of this species, are concealed in some of the galleries. These galleries co-occur with boring galleries of other insects such as ship-timber beetles (Lymexylidae) and metallic wood borers (Buprestidae). A dry larva of a stag beetle (Lucanidae) and a mite (Acari) have been found in the C. cerdo galleries. Selected samples of the trunks and a sample of the C. cerdo larva were dated, using radiocarbon and dendrochronological methods, to the period from 45 BC to AD 554; one sample was dated to the period from 799 to 700 BC. Accumulation of the channel alluvia containing the bog oak trunks is synchronous with the Roman Warm Period (late antiquity/Early Mediaeval times). The most recent part of this period correlates with massive accumulations of fallen oak trunks noted from various river valleys in the Carpathian region and dated to AD 450-570. The results indicate that C. cerdo was more abundant within the study area during the Roman Warm Period than it is today.

Use of hydrologic budgets and hydrochemistry to determine ground-water and surface-water interactions for Rapid Creek, Western South Dakota

USGS Publications Warehouse

Anderson, Mark T.

1995-01-01

The study of ground-water and surface-water interactions often employs streamflow-gaging records and hydrologic budgets to determine ground-water seepage. Because ground-water seepage usually is computed as a residual in the hydrologic budget approach, all uncertainty of measurement and estimation of budget components is associated with the ground-water seepage. This uncertainty can exceed the estimate, especially when streamflow and its associated error of measurement, is large relative to other budget components. In a study of Rapid Creek in western South Dakota, the hydrologic budget approach with hydrochemistry was combined to determine ground-water seepage. The City of Rapid City obtains most of its municipal water from three infiltration galleries (Jackson Springs, Meadowbrook, and Girl Scout) constructed in the near-stream alluvium along Rapid Creek. The reach of Rapid Creek between Pactola Reservoir and Rapid City and, in particular the two subreaches containing the galleries, were studied intensively to identify the sources of water to each gallery. Jackson Springs Gallery was found to pump predominantly ground water with a minor component of surface water. Meadowbrook and Girl Scout Galleries induce infiltration of surface water from Rapid Creek but also have a significant component of ground water.

NASA Tech Briefs, October 2008

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2008-01-01

Topics covered include: Control Architecture for Robotic Agent Command and Sensing; Algorithm for Wavefront Sensing Using an Extended Scene; CO2 Sensors Based on Nanocrystalline SnO2 Doped with CuO; Improved Airborne System for Sensing Wildfires; VHF Wide-Band, Dual-Polarization Microstrip-Patch Antenna; Onboard Data Processor for Change-Detection Radar Imaging; Using LDPC Code Constraints to Aid Recovery of Symbol Timing; System for Measuring Flexing of a Large Spaceborne Structure; Integrated Formation Optical Communication and Estimation System; Making Superconducting Welds between Superconducting Wires; Method for Thermal Spraying of Coatings Using Resonant-Pulsed Combustion; Coating Reduces Ice Adhesion; Hybrid Multifoil Aerogel Thermal Insulation; SHINE Virtual Machine Model for In-flight Updates of Critical Mission Software; Mars Image Collection Mosaic Builder; Providing Internet Access to High-Resolution Mars Images; Providing Internet Access to High-Resolution Lunar Images; Expressions Module for the Satellite Orbit Analysis Program Virtual Satellite; Small-Body Extensions for the Satellite Orbit Analysis Program (SOAP); Scripting Module for the Satellite Orbit Analysis Program (SOAP); XML-Based SHINE Knowledge Base Interchange Language; Core Technical Capability Laboratory Management System; MRO SOW Daily Script; Tool for Inspecting Alignment of Twinaxial Connectors; An ATP System for Deep-Space Optical Communication; Polar Traverse Rover Instrument; Expert System Control of Plant Growth in an Enclosed Space; Detecting Phycocyanin-Pigmented Microbes in Reflected Light; DMAC and NMP as Electrolyte Additives for Li-Ion Cells; Mass Spectrometer Containing Multiple Fixed Collectors; Waveguide Harmonic Generator for the SIM; Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator with Orthogonally Reconfigurable Filter Function; Stable Calibration of Raman Lidar Water-Vapor Measurements; Bimaterial Thermal Compensators for WGM Resonators; Root Source Analysis/ValuStream[Trade Mark] - A Methodology for Identifying and Managing Risks; Ensemble: an Architecture for Mission-Operations Software; Object Recognition Using Feature-and Color-Based Methods; On-Orbit Multi-Field Wavefront Control with a Kalman Filter; and The Interplanetary Overlay Networking Protocol Accelerator.

Super Typhoon Halong off Taiwan

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

On July 14, 2002, Super Typhoon Halong was east of Taiwan (left edge) in the western Pacific Ocean. At the time this image was taken the storm was a Category 4 hurricane, with maximum sustained winds of 115 knots (132 miles per hour), but as recently as July 12, winds were at 135 knots (155 miles per hour). Halong has moved northwards and pounded Okinawa, Japan, with heavy rain and high winds, just days after tropical Storm Chataan hit the country, creating flooding and killing several people. The storm is expected to be a continuing threat on Monday and Tuesday. This image was acquired by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the Terra satellite on July 14, 2002. Please note that the high-resolution scene provided here is 500 meters per pixel. For a copy of the scene at the sensor's fullest resolution, visit the MODIS Rapid Response Image Gallery. Image courtesy Jacques Descloitres, MODIS Land Rapid Response Team at NASA GSFC

13. VIEW OF EAST OPERATING GALLERY ALONG THE POSTMORTEM CELLS. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

13. VIEW OF EAST OPERATING GALLERY ALONG THE POST-MORTEM CELLS. A NUMBER OF MANIPULATOR ARMS COVERED WITH PLASTIC ARE ON THE LEFT WALL. - Nevada Test Site, Engine Maintenance Assembly & Disassembly Facility, Area 25, Jackass Flats, Mercury, Nye County, NV

Direct electrical-to-optical conversion and light modulation in micro whispering-gallery-mode resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Maleki, Lute (Inventor); Levi, Anthony F. J. (Inventor)

2005-01-01

Techniques for directly converting an electrical signal into an optical signal by using a whispering gallery mode optical resonator formed of a dielectric material that allows for direct modulation of optical absorption by the electrical signal.

The role of gallery forests in maintaining Phlebotominae populations: potential Leishmania spp. vectors in the Brazilian savanna.

PubMed

Machado, Tâmara Dias Oliveira; Minuzzi-Souza, Thaís Tâmara Castro; Ferreira, Tauana de Sousa; Freire, Luciana Pereira; Timbó, Renata Velôzo; Vital, Tamires Emanuele; Nitz, Nadjar; Silva, Mariana Neiva; Santos, Alcinei de Souza; Sales, Nathyla Morgana Cunha; Obara, Marcos Takashi; Andrade, Andrey José de; Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo

2017-10-01

Knowledge on synanthropic phlebotomines and their natural infection by Leishmania is necessary for the identification of potential areas for leishmaniasis occurrence. To analyse the occurrence of Phlebotominae in gallery forests and household units (HUs) in the city of Palmas and to determine the rate of natural infection by trypanosomatids. Gallery forests and adjacent household areas were sampled on July (dry season) and November (rainy season) in 2014. The total sampling effort was 960 HP light traps and eight Shannon traps. Trypanosomatids were detected in Phlebotominae females through the amplification of the SSU rDNA region, and the positive samples were used in ITS1-PCR. Trypanosomatid species were identified using sequencing. A total of 1,527 sand flies representing 30 species were captured in which 949 (28 spp.) and 578 (22 spp.) were registered in July and November, respectively. In July, more specimens were captured in the gallery forests than in the HUs, and Nyssomyia whitmani was particularly frequent. In November, most of the specimens were found in the HUs, and again, Ny. whitmani was the predominant species. Lutzomyia longipalpis was commonly found in domestic areas, while Bichromomyia flaviscutellata was most frequent in gallery forests. Molecular analysis of 154 pools of females (752 specimens) identified Leishmania amazonensis, L. infantum, and Crithidia fasciculata in Ny. whitmani, as well as L. amazonensis in Lu. longipalpis, Trypanosoma sp. and L. amazonensis in Pintomyia christenseni, and L. amazonensis in both Psathyromyia hermanlenti and Evandromyia walkeri. These results show the importance of gallery forests in maintaining Phlebotominae populations in the dry month, as well as their frequent occurrence in household units in the rainy month. This is the first study to identify Leishmania, Trypanosoma, and Crithidia species in Phlebotominae collected in Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil.

The potential of Lemna gibba L. and Lemna minor L. to remove Cu, Pb, Zn, and As in gallery water in a mining area in Keban, Turkey.

PubMed

Sasmaz, Merve; Arslan Topal, Emine Işıl; Obek, Erdal; Sasmaz, Ahmet

2015-11-01

This study was designed to investigate removal efficiencies of Cu, Pb, Zn, and As in gallery water in a mining area in Keban, Turkey by Lemna gibba L. and Lemna minor L. These plants were placed in the gallery water of Keban Pb-Zn ore deposits and adapted individually fed to the reactors. During the study period (8 days), the plant and water samples were collected daily and the temperature, pH, and electric conductivity of the gallery water were measured daily. The plants were washed, dried, and burned at 300 °C for 24 h in a drying oven. These ash and water samples were analyzed by ICP-MS to determine the amounts of Cu, Pb, Zn, and As. The Cu, Pb, Zn and As concentrations in the gallery water of the study area detected 67, 7.5, 7230, and 96 μg L(-1), respectively. According to the results, the obtained efficiencies in L. minor L. and L. gibba L. are: 87% at day 2 and 36% at day 3 for Cu; 1259% at day 2 and 1015% at day 2 for Pb; 628% at day 3 and 382% at day 3 for Zn; and 7070% at day 3 and 19,709% at day 2 for As, respectively. The present study revealed that both L. minor L. and L. gibba L. had very high potential to remove Cu, Pb, Zn, and As in gallery water contaminated by different ores. Crown Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Gulch

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-10-27

This archival image was released as part of a gallery comparing JPL's past and present, commemorating the 80th anniversary of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory on Oct. 31, 2016. At the northeast end of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, there was a row of rocket test pits and storage buildings that housed explosives. This was near the Arroyo Seco, a dry canyon wash at the base of the San Gabriel Mountains. The picture was taken in August 1944. Today, this area is a small parking lot behind the Fabrication Shop (Building 103). http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA21119

Biometric templates selection and update using quality measures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abboud, Ali J.; Jassim, Sabah A.

2012-06-01

To deal with severe variation in recording conditions, most biometric systems acquire multiple biometric samples, at the enrolment stage, for the same person and then extract their individual biometric feature vectors and store them in the gallery in the form of biometric template(s), labelled with the person's identity. The number of samples/templates and the choice of the most appropriate templates influence the performance of the system. The desired biometric template(s) selection technique must aim to control the run time and storage requirements while improving the recognition accuracy of the biometric system. This paper is devoted to elaborating on and discussing a new two stages approach for biometric templates selection and update. This approach uses a quality-based clustering, followed by a special criterion for the selection of an ultimate set of biometric templates from the various clusters. This approach is developed to select adaptively a specific number of templates for each individual. The number of biometric templates depends mainly on the performance of each individual (i.e. gallery size should be optimised to meet the needs of each target individual). These experiments have been conducted on two face image databases and their results will demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed quality-guided approach.

Turning on a dime: Asymmetric vortex formation in hummingbird maneuvering flight

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ren, Yan; Dong, Haibo; Deng, Xinyan; Tobalske, Bret

2016-09-01

This paper is associated with a video winner of a 2015 APS/DFD Gallery of Fluid Motion Award. The original video is available from the Gallery of Fluid Motion, http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/APS.DFD.2015.GFM.V0088

8. MAIN INLET FROM FILTER GALLERY AND CANAL INTO HINDS ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

8. MAIN INLET FROM FILTER GALLERY AND CANAL INTO HINDS PLANT. VIEW LOOKING DUE WEST OF HINDS COMPLEX IN BACKGROUND OF SAND FILTERS. - Hinds Pump Plant, East of Joshua Tree National Monument, 5 miles north of Route 10, Hayfield, Riverside County, CA

Earth Day at Union Station

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-04-22

A participant at NASA's Earth Day Science Gallery Exhibit calculates his carbon footprint at the Carbon Footprint Estimator, Monday, April 22, 2013 at Union Station in Washington. The NASA Science Gallery exhibits are being sponsored by NASA in honor of Earth Day. (Photo Credit: NASA/Carla Cioffi)

Active mode-locked lasers and other photonic devices using electro-optic whispering gallery mode resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Matsko, Andrey B. (Inventor); Ilchenko, Vladimir (Inventor); Savchenkov, Anatoliy (Inventor); Maleki, Lutfollah (Inventor)

2006-01-01

Techniques and devices using whispering gallery mode (WGM) optical resonators, where the optical materials of the WGM resonators exhibit an electro-optical effect to perform optical modulation. Examples of actively mode-locked lasers and other devices are described.

On the Problem of Filtration to an Imperfect Gallery in a Pressureless Bed

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bereslavskii, É. N.; Dudina, L. M.

2018-01-01

The problem of plane steady-state filtration in a pressureless bed to an imperfect gallery in the presence of evaporation from the flow free surface is considered. To study such type of flow, a mixed boundary-value problem of the theory of analytical functions is formulated and solved with application of the Polubarinova-Kochina method. Based on the model suggested, an algorithm for computing the discharge of the gallery and the ordinate of free surface emergence to the impermeable screen is developed. A detailed hydrodynamic analysis of the influence of all physical parameters of the model on the desired filtration characteristics is given.

Electro-pumped whispering gallery mode ZnO microlaser array

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhu, G. Y.; State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096; Li, J. T.

2015-01-12

By employing vapor-phase transport method, ZnO microrods are fabricated and directly assembled on p-GaN substrate to form a heterostructural microlaser array, which avoids of the relatively complicated etching process comparing previous work. Under applied forward bias, whispering gallery mode ZnO ultraviolet lasing is obtained from the as-fabricated heterostructural microlaser array. The device's electroluminescence originates from three distinct electron-hole recombination processes in the heterojunction interface, and whispering gallery mode ultraviolet lasing is obtained when the applied voltage is beyond the lasing threshold. This work may present a significant step towards future fabrication of a facile technique for micro/nanolasers.

Mode-splitting for refractive index sensing in fluorescent whispering gallery mode resonators with broken symmetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kang, Yvonne Q.; François, Alexandre; Riesen, Nicolas; Monro, Tanya M.

2018-02-01

Whispering Gallery Mode (WGM) biosensors have been widely exploited over the past decade, owing to their unprecedented detection limits and label free capability. WGM based sensing mechanisms, such as resonance frequency shift, linewidth broadening, and splitting of the two counter-propagating WGMs, have been extensively researched and applied for bio-chemical sensing. However, the mode-splitting of the originally degenerate WGMs from different equatorial planes on a fluorescent microsphere has not been fully investigated. In this work, we break the symmetry of the surrounding environment outside the microsphere by partially embedding the sphere into a high-refractive-index medium (i.e. glue), to lift the degeneracy of the modes from different WGM planes. The split-modes from multiple planes of the fluorescent microsphere are indiscriminately collected. It is found that the effective quality factor Q of the WGMs increases non-conventionally as the Refractive Index (RI) of the probing liquid increases up to the point where it is equal to that of the glue. This presents a new methodology for quantifying changes in the probing environment based on the Q spoiling of the resonances as determined by the RI difference between the environment and that of the reference glue. Furthermore, we find that this sensing platform opens the door to simple self-referenced sensing techniques based on the analysis of the spectral positions of subsets of the split modes.

Hollow Cylinder Tests on Boom Clay: Modelling of Strain Localization in the Anisotropic Excavation Damaged Zone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

François, Bertrand; Labiouse, Vincent; Dizier, Arnaud; Marinelli, Ferdinando; Charlier, Robert; Collin, Frédéric

2014-01-01

Boom Clay is extensively studied as a potential candidate to host underground nuclear waste disposal in Belgium. To guarantee the safety of such a disposal, the mechanical behaviour of the clay during gallery excavation must be properly predicted. In that purpose, a hollow cylinder experiment on Boom Clay has been designed to reproduce, in a small-scale test, the Excavation Damaged Zone (EDZ) as experienced during the excavation of a disposal gallery in the underground. In this article, the focus is made on the hydro-mechanical constitutive interpretation of the displacement (experimentally obtained by medium resolution X-ray tomography scanning). The coupled hydro-mechanical response of Boom Clay in this experiment is addressed through finite element computations with a constitutive model including strain hardening/softening, elastic and plastic cross-anisotropy and a regularization method for the modelling of strain localization processes. The obtained results evidence the directional dependency of the mechanical response of the clay. The softening behaviour induces transient strain localization processes, addressed through a hydro-mechanical second grade model. The shape of the obtained damaged zone is clearly affected by the anisotropy of the materials, evidencing an eye-shaped EDZ. The modelling results agree with experiments not only qualitatively (in terms of the shape of the induced damaged zone), but also quantitatively (for the obtained displacement in three particular radial directions).

3D face recognition based on multiple keypoint descriptors and sparse representation.

PubMed

Zhang, Lin; Ding, Zhixuan; Li, Hongyu; Shen, Ying; Lu, Jianwei

2014-01-01

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in developing methods for 3D face recognition. However, 3D scans often suffer from the problems of missing parts, large facial expressions, and occlusions. To be useful in real-world applications, a 3D face recognition approach should be able to handle these challenges. In this paper, we propose a novel general approach to deal with the 3D face recognition problem by making use of multiple keypoint descriptors (MKD) and the sparse representation-based classification (SRC). We call the proposed method 3DMKDSRC for short. Specifically, with 3DMKDSRC, each 3D face scan is represented as a set of descriptor vectors extracted from keypoints by meshSIFT. Descriptor vectors of gallery samples form the gallery dictionary. Given a probe 3D face scan, its descriptors are extracted at first and then its identity can be determined by using a multitask SRC. The proposed 3DMKDSRC approach does not require the pre-alignment between two face scans and is quite robust to the problems of missing data, occlusions and expressions. Its superiority over the other leading 3D face recognition schemes has been corroborated by extensive experiments conducted on three benchmark databases, Bosphorus, GavabDB, and FRGC2.0. The Matlab source code for 3DMKDSRC and the related evaluation results are publicly available at http://sse.tongji.edu.cn/linzhang/3dmkdsrcface/3dmkdsrc.htm.

Biodegradable toughened nanohybrid shape memory polymer for smart biomedical applications.

PubMed

Biswas, Arpan; Singh, Akhand Pratap; Rana, Dipak; Aswal, Vinod K; Maiti, Pralay

2018-05-31

A polyurethane nanohybrid has been prepared through the in situ polymerization of an aliphatic diisocyanate, ester polyol and a chain extender in the presence of two-dimensional platelets. Polymerization within the platelet galleries helps to intercalate, generate diverse nanostructure and improve the nano to macro scale self-assembly, which leads to a significant enhancement in the toughness and thermal stability of the nanohybrid in comparison to pure polyurethane. The extensive interactions, the reason for property enhancement, between nanoplatelets and polymer chains are revealed through spectroscopic measurements and thermal studies. The nanohybrid exhibits significant improvement in the shape memory phenomena (91% recovery) at the physiological temperature, which makes it suitable for many biomedical applications. The structural alteration, studied through temperature dependent small angle neutron scattering and X-ray diffraction, along with unique crystallization behavior have extensively revealed the special shape memory behavior of this nanohybrid and facilitated the understanding of the molecular flipping in the presence of nanoplatelets. Cell line studies and subsequent imaging testify that this nanohybrid is a superior biomaterial that is suitable for use in the biomedical arena. In vivo studies on albino rats exhibit the potential of the shape memory effect of the nanohybrid as a self-tightening suture in keyhole surgery by appropriately closing the lips of the wound through the recovery of the programmed shape at physiological temperature with faster healing of the wound and without the formation of any scar. Further, the improved biodegradable nature along with the rapid self-expanding ability of the nanohybrid at 37 °C make it appropriate for many biomedical applications including a self-expanding stent for occlusion recovery due to its tough and flexible nature.

Collaboration Is the Key: Artists, Museums, and Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mallos, Melina

2012-01-01

Often considered places of solemn contemplation, quiet inspiration and personal reflection, art museums seem among the most reluctant to embrace early childhood audiences. Melina Mallos discusses action research at the Queensland Art Gallery [vertical bar] Gallery of Modern Art, Australia, as a means of gaining new insight into children's learning…

All-optical Photonic Oscillator with High-Q Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Savchenkov, Anatoliy A.; Matsko, Andrey B.; Strekalov, Dmitry; Mohageg, Makan; Iltchenko, Vladimir S.; Maleki, Lute

2004-01-01

We demonstrated low threshold optical photonic hyper-parametric oscillator in a high-Q 10(exp 10) CaF2 whispering gallery mode resonator which generates stable 8.5 GHz signal. The oscillations result from the resonantly enhanced four wave mixing occurring due to Kerr nonlinearity of the material.

Optical filter having coupled whispering-gallery-mode resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Savchenkov, Anatoliy (Inventor); Ilchenko, Vladimir (Inventor); Maleki, Lutfollah (Inventor); Handley, Timothy A. (Inventor)

2006-01-01

Optical filters having at least two coupled whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) optical resonators to produce a second order or higher order filter function with a desired spectral profile. At least one of the coupled WGM optical resonators may be tunable by a control signal to adjust the filtering function.

75 FR 57102 - Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: “Titian and the Golden Age...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-17

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice 7174] Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: ``Titian and the Golden Age of Venetian Painting: Masterpieces from the National Galleries of... ``Titian and the Golden Age of Venetian Painting: Masterpieces from the National Galleries of Scotland...

Portrait Gallery Illuminates--Grant's Triumphs, Failures.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lambert, Robert G., Jr.

The 100th anniversary of Ulysses S. Grant's death was observed on July 23, 1985. The Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery featured an exhibit of Grant portraiture, which covered his life, from its humble beginnings to military and political triumphs and to failures and disappointment. The exhibit included pictures, artifacts, and momentos from…

45. MAIN MEETING ROOM COLUMNS. Ends of gallery columns identified ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

45. MAIN MEETING ROOM COLUMNS. Ends of gallery columns identified at the time of removal for transfer to the George School for re-erection. The stamp reads, 'REMOVED FROM 12th ST. MTG HSE PHILA 1972'. - Twelfth Street Meeting House, 20 South Twelfth Street, Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, PA

77 FR 43644 - Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: “Byzantine Art in the Mary...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-25

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice 7963] Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: ``Byzantine Art in the Mary and Michael Jaharis Galleries of Greek, Roman and Byzantine Art... Galleries of Greek, Roman and Byzantine Art'' imported from abroad for temporary exhibition within the...

40. CONSTRUCTION OF GALLERY NO. 3, SHOWING INCLINED PLANE USED ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

40. CONSTRUCTION OF GALLERY NO. 3, SHOWING INCLINED PLANE USED TO TRANSPORT MATERIALS, ALSO SPOIL FROM TUNNEL INTERIOR. POWDER HOUSE AND TOOL SHED VISIBLE TO RIGHT OF BASE INCLINE - Zion-Mount Carmel Highway, Tunnel, Two miles east of Zion Canyon Scenic Drive, Springdale, Washington County, UT

Earth Day at Union Station

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-04-22

Students assemble balloon race cars and Alka-Seltzer film canister rockets to demonstrate Newton's third Law of motion at the NASA Science Gallery at Union Station, Monday, April 22, 2013 in Washington. The NASA Science Gallery exhibits are being sponsored by NASA in honor of Earth Day. (Photo Credit: NASA/Carla Cioffi)

Practice First: Flipped Training for Gallery Educators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palamara, Andrew

2017-01-01

In recent years, museum educators have urgently explored more dynamic ways to train gallery educators, paid or volunteer, that account for different types of learning styles and teaching practices. This article demonstrates how utilizing a flipped learning model, with online webinars as the basic instructional content, can foster individual and…

Airmail to Airlines. A Teacher's Guide. Grades 3-5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Engelke, Lynn-Steven

This guide helps teachers and students gain knowledge about the "Air Transportation" gallery at the National Air and Space Museum (Washington, DC). The guide is divided into six sections: (1) "The 'Air Transportation' Gallery"; (2) "How to Use This Guide"; (3) "Activity 1: Take Off: An Air Travel Matching…

Adding Insult to Imagery? Art Education and Censorship

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sweeny, Robert W.

2007-01-01

The "Adding Insult to Imagery? Artistic Responses to Censorship and Mass-Media" exhibition opened in January 16, 2006, Kipp Gallery on the Indiana University of Pennsylvania campus. Eleven gallery-based works, 9 videos, and 10 web-based artworks comprised the show; each dealt with the relationship between censorship and mass mediated…

Designing Art Exhibitions in an Educational Virtual World

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Julian, June; Crooks, Julian

2011-01-01

Demonstrating the multiple features of the Cerulean Gallery in Second Life, this research report showcases several exemplar exhibits created by students, artists, and museums. Located in The Educational Media Center, a Second Life teaching and social space, the Cerulean Gallery exhibits functioned as case studies that tested its effectiveness as…

Ring Image Analyzer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Strekalov, Dmitry V.

2012-01-01

Ring Image Analyzer software analyzes images to recognize elliptical patterns. It determines the ellipse parameters (axes ratio, centroid coordinate, tilt angle). The program attempts to recognize elliptical fringes (e.g., Newton Rings) on a photograph and determine their centroid position, the short-to-long-axis ratio, and the angle of rotation of the long axis relative to the horizontal direction on the photograph. These capabilities are important in interferometric imaging and control of surfaces. In particular, this program has been developed and applied for determining the rim shape of precision-machined optical whispering gallery mode resonators. The program relies on a unique image recognition algorithm aimed at recognizing elliptical shapes, but can be easily adapted to other geometric shapes. It is robust against non-elliptical details of the image and against noise. Interferometric analysis of precision-machined surfaces remains an important technological instrument in hardware development and quality analysis. This software automates and increases the accuracy of this technique. The software has been developed for the needs of an R&TD-funded project and has become an important asset for the future research proposal to NASA as well as other agencies.

Whispering gallery resonators for optical sensing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Madugani, Ramgopal; Kasumie, Sho; Yang, Yong; Ward, Jonathan; Lei, Fuchuan; Nic Chormaic, Síle

2017-04-01

In recent years, whispering gallery mode devices have extended their functionality across a number of research fields from photonics to sensing applications. Here, we will discuss environmental sensing applications, such as pressure, flow, and temperature using ultrahigh Q-factor microspheres fabricated from ultrathin optical fiber and microbubbles fabricated from pretapered glass capillary. We will discuss device fabrication and the different types of sensing that can be pursued using such systems. Finally, we will introduce the concept of using cavity ring-up spectroscopy to perform dispersive transient sensing, whereby a perturbation to the environment leads to a frequency mode shift, and dissipative transient sensing, which can lead to broadening of the mode, in a whispering gallery mode resonator.

3D imaging of geological structures by R-VSP utilizing vibrations caused by shaft excavations at the Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory in Japan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Matsuoka, T.; Hodotsuka, Y.; Ishigaki, K.; Lee, C.

2009-12-01

Japan Atomic Energy Agency is now conducting the Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory (MIU) project. The MIU consists of two shafts (main shaft: 6.5m, ventilation shaft: 4.5m diameter) and horizontal research galleries, in sedimentary and granitic rocks at Mizunami City, Central Japan. The MIU project is a broad scientific study of the deep geological environment providing the basis for research and development for geological disposal of high level radioactive waste. One of the main goals is to establish techniques for investigation, analysis and assessment of the deep geological environment in fractured crystalline rock. As a part of the MIU project, we carried out the Reverse-Vertical Seismic Profile (R-VSP) using vibrations from the blasting for the shaft excavations and drilling of boreholes in the horizontal research galleries and examined the applicability of this method to imaging of geological structures around underground facilities, such as the unconformity between the sedimentary rocks and the basal granite, and faults and fracture zones in the granite. R-VSP method is a seismic method utilizing the receiver arrays on surface and seismic sources underground (e.g. in boreholes). This method is advantageous in that planning of 3-dimensional surveys is easy compared with reflection seismic surveying and conventional VSP because seismic source arrays that are major constraint for conducting surveys on surface are unnecessary. The receiver arrays consist of six radial lines on surface with a central focus on the main shaft. Seven blast rounds for the main shaft excavation from GL-52.8m to GL-250m and the borehole drilling in the GL-200m horizontal research gallery were observed. Three types of data processing, conventional VSP data processing (VSP-CDP transform and VSP migration), Reflection data processing utilizing Seismic interferometry method (“Seismic interferometry”) and Reflection mapping utilizing Image Point transform method (“IP transform”), were performed to obtain reflection images from heterogeneous geological structure. As the results, the reflective events that seemed to correspond with sedimentary layers, the unconformity between sedimentary rocks and granite, and fracture zones in granite could be detected by reflection profiles using “conventional VSP data processing” and “Seismic interferometry”. However, it is difficult to identify the faults around the MIU because they are generally at a high-angle. “IP transform” is one type of Radon transform which change common shot gather to IP domain. Image Points are defined through geometries of sources and reflectors. Reflection signals in time domain can be accumulated and enhanced in IP domain by “IP transform” on the condition of the right angle to a fault. So, by a search of the direction that reflection signals are enhanced using “IP transform”, the locations of faults can be inferred. By this method, the distribution of faults that correspond with faults in the current geological model constructed from investigation data in the MIU project could be detected.

Dying Star Shrouded by a Blanket of Hailstones Forms the Bug Nebula

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-12-08

Release Date: May 3, 2004 A Dying Star Shrouded by a Blanket of Hailstones Forms the Bug Nebula (NGC 6302) The Bug Nebula, NGC 6302, is one of the brightest and most extreme planetary nebulae known. The fiery, dying star at its center is shrouded by a blanket of icy hailstones. This NASA Hubble Wide Field Plantery Camera 2 image shows impressive walls of compressed gas, laced with trailing strands and bubbling outflows. Object Names: NGC 6302, Bug Nebula Image Type: Astronomical Credit: NASA, ESA and A.Zijlstra (UMIST, Manchester, UK) To learn more about this image go to: hubblesite.org/gallery/album/nebula/pr2004046a/ NASA image use policy. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission. Follow us on Twitter Like us on Facebook Find us on Instagram

NASA Tech Briefs, April 2004

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2004-01-01

Topics covered include: Analysis of SSEM Sensor Data Using BEAM; Hairlike Percutaneous Photochemical Sensors; Video Guidance Sensors Using Remotely Activated Targets; Simulating Remote Sensing Systems; EHW Approach to Temperature Compensation of Electronics; Polymorphic Electronic Circuits; Micro-Tubular Fuel Cells; Whispering-Gallery-Mode Tunable Narrow-Band-Pass Filter; PVM Wrapper; Simulation of Hyperspectral Images; Algorithm for Controlling a Centrifugal Compressor; Hybrid Inflatable Pressure Vessel; Double-Acting, Locking Carabiners; Position Sensor Integral with a Linear Actuator; Improved Electromagnetic Brake; Flow Straightener for a Rotating-Drum Liquid Separator; Sensory-Feedback Exoskeletal Arm Controller; Active Suppression of Instabilities in Engine Combustors; Fabrication of Robust, Flat, Thinned, UV-Imaging CCDs; Chemical Thinning Process for Fabricating UV-Imaging CCDs; Pseudoslit Spectrometer; Waste-Heat-Driven Cooling Using Complex Compound Sorbents; Improved Refractometer for Measuring Temperatures of Drops; Semiconductor Lasers Containing Quantum Wells in Junctions; Phytoplankton-Fluorescence-Lifetime Vertical Profiler; Hexagonal Pixels and Indexing Scheme for Binary Images; Finding Minimum-Power Broadcast Trees for Wireless Networks; and Automation of Design Engineering Processes.

Morphology and ecology of Schizosthetus simulatrix (Acari, Mesotigmata) associated with galleries of bark beetles (Scolytidae)

Treesearch

Stanislav Klauz; Peter Masan; John C. Moser

2003-01-01

The deutonymphal stage and adults of Schizosthetus simulatrix Athias- Henriot, 1982 (Acari, Mesostigmata, Parasitidae), originally known from Canary Islands and Portugal, has been illustrated and described or redescribed, respectively. The subadults of S. simulatk have not previously been described. This very specialised subcorticolous species lives in galleries of...

75 FR 15740 - Gallery Leather Company, Inc., Trenton, ME; Notice of Termination of Investigation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-30

... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Employment and Training Administration [TA-W-72,907] Gallery Leather Company, Inc., Trenton, ME; Notice of Termination of Investigation Pursuant to Section 221 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended, an investigation was initiated in response to a petition filed on November 20, 2009...

A&M. TAN607. Detail of control gallery for special services cubicle ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

A&M. TAN-607. Detail of control gallery for special services cubicle (hot cell) at "100 percent complete." Cover has been removed from cable channel at middle window. Date: January 24, 1995. INEEL negative No. 55-0140 - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Test Area North, Scoville, Butte County, ID

78 FR 57625 - Arlington Storage Company, LLC; Notice of Availability of the Environmental Assessment for the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-19

... environmental effects of the construction and operation of the Gallery 2 Expansion Project in accordance with... Storage Company, LLC; Notice of Availability of the Environmental Assessment for the Proposed Gallery 2 Expansion Project The staff of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC or Commission) has prepared an...

25. At 1050 Gallery, Block 55, view of gate control ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

25. At 1050 Gallery, Block 55, view of gate control and motor, looking west, (Westinghouse Gearmotor, ca. 1939, type CS induction motor, 440 volts, 43 rpm, 60 cycle). - Columbia Basin Project, Grand Coulee Dam & Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake, Across Columbia River, Southeast of Town of Grand Coulee, Grand Coulee, Grant County, WA

Engaging Families in the Galleries Using Design Thinking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Larson, Lucy

2017-01-01

The Palo Alto Art Center sought a solution to the challenge that loyal family audiences, visiting weekly for art studio classes, rarely visit the contemporary art exhibition galleries. This article relates the experience of using the human-centered design process, often called Design Thinking, as the methodology to create a solution for family…

Optical apparatus for conversion of whispering-gallery modes into a free space gaussian like beam

DOEpatents

Stallard, B.W.; Makowski, M.A.; Byers, J.A.

1992-05-19

An optical converter for efficient conversion of millimeter wavelength whispering-gallery gyrotron output into a linearly polarized, free-space Gaussian-like beam is described. The converter uses a mode-converting taper and three mirror optics. The first mirror has an azimuthal tilt to eliminate the k[sub [phi

Earth Day at Union Station

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-04-22

Holli Riebeek, Education and Public Outreach Lead for NASA/Landsat Mission at NASA's Goddard Spaceflight Center, is seen speaking to students at NASA's Earth Day Science Gallery Exhibit, Monday, April 22, 2013 at Union Station in Washington. The NASA Science Gallery exhibits are being sponsored by NASA in honor of Earth Day. (Photo Credit: NASA/Carla Cioffi)

Earth Day at Union Station

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-04-22

Holli Riebeek, Education and Public Outreach Lead for NASA/Landsat Mission at NASA's Goddard Spaceflight Center, holds up Landsat maps NASA's Earth Day Science Gallery Exhibit, Monday, April 22, 2013 at Union Station in Washington. The NASA Science Gallery exhibits are being sponsored by NASA in honor of Earth Day. (Photo Credit: NASA/Carla Cioffi)

Neutron whispering gallery

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nesvizhevsky, Valery V.; Voronin, Alexei Yu.; Cubitt, Robert; Protasov, Konstantin V.

2010-02-01

The `whispering gallery' effect has been known since ancient times for sound waves in air, later in water and more recently for a broad range of electromagnetic waves: radio, optics, Roentgen and so on. It consists of wave localization near a curved reflecting surface and is expected for waves of various natures, for instance, for atoms and neutrons. For matter waves, it would include a new feature: a massive particle would be settled in quantum states, with parameters depending on its mass. Here, we present for the first time the quantum whispering-gallery effect for cold neutrons. This phenomenon provides an example of an exactly solvable problem analogous to the `quantum bouncer'; it is complementary to the recently discovered gravitationally bound quantum states of neutrons . These two phenomena provide a direct demonstration of the weak equivalence principle for a massive particle in a pure quantum state. Deeply bound whispering-gallery states are long-living and weakly sensitive to surface potential; highly excited states are short-living and very sensitive to the wall potential shape. Therefore, they are a promising tool for studying fundamental neutron-matter interactions, quantum neutron optics and surface physics effects.

Visual information mining in remote sensing image archives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pelizzari, Andrea; Descargues, Vincent; Datcu, Mihai P.

2002-01-01

The present article focuses on the development of interactive exploratory tools for visually mining the image content in large remote sensing archives. Two aspects are treated: the iconic visualization of the global information in the archive and the progressive visualization of the image details. The proposed methods are integrated in the Image Information Mining (I2M) system. The images and image structure in the I2M system are indexed based on a probabilistic approach. The resulting links are managed by a relational data base. Both the intrinsic complexity of the observed images and the diversity of user requests result in a great number of associations in the data base. Thus new tools have been designed to visualize, in iconic representation the relationships created during a query or information mining operation: the visualization of the query results positioned on the geographical map, quick-looks gallery, visualization of the measure of goodness of the query, visualization of the image space for statistical evaluation purposes. Additionally the I2M system is enhanced with progressive detail visualization in order to allow better access for operator inspection. I2M is a three-tier Java architecture and is optimized for the Internet.

Accessing eSDO Solar Image Processing and Visualization through AstroGrid

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Auden, E.; Dalla, S.

2008-08-01

The eSDO project is funded by the UK's Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) to integrate Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) data, algorithms, and visualization tools with the UK's Virtual Observatory project, AstroGrid. In preparation for the SDO launch in January 2009, the eSDO team has developed nine algorithms covering coronal behaviour, feature recognition, and global / local helioseismology. Each of these algorithms has been deployed as an AstroGrid Common Execution Architecture (CEA) application so that they can be included in complex VO workflows. In addition, the PLASTIC-enabled eSDO "Streaming Tool" online movie application allows users to search multi-instrument solar archives through AstroGrid web services and visualise the image data through galleries, an interactive movie viewing applet, and QuickTime movies generated on-the-fly.

Microscale Laminar Vortices for High-Purity Extraction and Release of Circulating Tumor Cells.

PubMed

Hur, Soojung Claire; Che, James; Di Carlo, Dino

2017-01-01

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are disseminated tumor cells that reflect the tumors of origin and can provide a liquid biopsy that would potentially enable noninvasive tumor profiling, treatment monitoring, and identification of targeted treatments. Accurate and rapid purification of CTCs holds great potential to improve cancer care but the task remains technically challenging. Microfluidic isolation of CTCs within microscale vortices enables high-throughput and size-based purification of rare CTCs from bodily fluids. Collected cells are highly pure, viable, and easily accessible, allowing seamless integration with various downstream applications. Here, we describe how to fabricate the High-Throughput Vortex Chip (Vortex-HT) and to process diluted whole blood for CTC collection. Lastly, immunostaining and imaging protocols for CTC classification and corresponding CTC image galleries are reported.

Leveraging Metadata to Create Interactive Images... Today!

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hurt, Robert L.; Squires, G. K.; Llamas, J.; Rosenthal, C.; Brinkworth, C.; Fay, J.

2011-01-01

The image gallery for NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope has been newly rebuilt to fully support the Astronomy Visualization Metadata (AVM) standard to create a new user experience both on the website and in other applications. We encapsulate all the key descriptive information for a public image, including color representations and astronomical and sky coordinates and make it accessible in a user-friendly form on the website, but also embed the same metadata within the image files themselves. Thus, images downloaded from the site will carry with them all their descriptive information. Real-world benefits include display of general metadata when such images are imported into image editing software (e.g. Photoshop) or image catalog software (e.g. iPhoto). More advanced support in Microsoft's WorldWide Telescope can open a tagged image after it has been downloaded and display it in its correct sky position, allowing comparison with observations from other observatories. An increasing number of software developers are implementing AVM support in applications and an online image archive for tagged images is under development at the Spitzer Science Center. Tagging images following the AVM offers ever-increasing benefits to public-friendly imagery in all its standard forms (JPEG, TIFF, PNG). The AVM standard is one part of the Virtual Astronomy Multimedia Project (VAMP); http://www.communicatingastronomy.org

Abundance and frugivory of the Toco toucan (Ramphastos toco) in a gallery forest in Brazil's southern Pantanal.

PubMed

Ragusa-Netto, J

2006-02-01

Unlike other toucan species, the Toco toucan (Ramphastos toco)--the largest Ramphastidae--usually inhabits dry semi-open areas. This conspicuous canopy frugivore uses a large home range that includes a variety of vegetation types, among which gallery forests are widely cited as important to this species. However, the factors relating to the occurrence of Toco toucans in such habitats are unclear. I studied the abundance of Toco toucans as well as the availability of fleshy fruit in a gallery forest in the southern Pantanal (sub-region of Miranda, Brazil), in order to assess the relationship between these parameters. Also, I examined toucan foraging activity to analyze its relationship with both toucan abundance and fruit availability. The presence of the Toco toucan was more common in the gallery forest from the middle to the end of the dry season and during the middle of the wet season. Toucans foraged for fleshy fruits, mainly Genipa americana, Ficus luschnatiana, and Cecropia pachystachya fruits, feeding mostly on G. americana (by far the favorite food resource) and F. luschnatiana fruits during the dry season, while C. pachystachya fruits were important in the wet season. Toco toucans foraged particularly heavily (> 80% of foraging activity) on G. americana fruits during the latter part of the dry season, when fleshy fruit availability declined sharply. Toco toucan abundance in the gallery forest was associated with the availability of the most commonly consumed fleshy fruits, and also with its foraging activity. This finding suggests that the Toco toucan moved to the gallery forest periodically in response to the availability of abundant food resources, especially the G. americana fruits widely available and exploited during the severely dry season. Therefore, these fruits potentially contribute to Toco toucan persistence in the South Pantanal during the harshest period of the year.

The role of gallery forests in maintaining Phlebotominae populations: potential Leishmania spp. vectors in the Brazilian savanna

PubMed Central

Machado, Tâmara Dias Oliveira; Minuzzi-Souza, Thaís Tâmara Castro; Ferreira, Tauana de Sousa; Freire, Luciana Pereira; Timbó, Renata Velôzo; Vital, Tamires Emanuele; Nitz, Nadjar; Silva, Mariana Neiva; Santos, Alcinei de Souza; Sales, Nathyla Morgana Cunha; Obara, Marcos Takashi; de Andrade, Andrey José; Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo

2017-01-01

BACKGROUND Knowledge on synanthropic phlebotomines and their natural infection by Leishmania is necessary for the identification of potential areas for leishmaniasis occurrence. OBJECTIVE To analyse the occurrence of Phlebotominae in gallery forests and household units (HUs) in the city of Palmas and to determine the rate of natural infection by trypanosomatids. METHODS Gallery forests and adjacent household areas were sampled on July (dry season) and November (rainy season) in 2014. The total sampling effort was 960 HP light traps and eight Shannon traps. Trypanosomatids were detected in Phlebotominae females through the amplification of the SSU rDNA region, and the positive samples were used in ITS1-PCR. Trypanosomatid species were identified using sequencing. FINDINGS A total of 1,527 sand flies representing 30 species were captured in which 949 (28 spp.) and 578 (22 spp.) were registered in July and November, respectively. In July, more specimens were captured in the gallery forests than in the HUs, and Nyssomyia whitmani was particularly frequent. In November, most of the specimens were found in the HUs, and again, Ny. whitmani was the predominant species. Lutzomyia longipalpis was commonly found in domestic areas, while Bichromomyia flaviscutellata was most frequent in gallery forests. Molecular analysis of 154 pools of females (752 specimens) identified Leishmania amazonensis, L. infantum, and Crithidia fasciculata in Ny. whitmani, as well as L. amazonensis in Lu. longipalpis, Trypanosoma sp. and L. amazonensis in Pintomyia christenseni, and L. amazonensis in both Psathyromyia hermanlenti and Evandromyia walkeri. MAIN CONCLUSIONS These results show the importance of gallery forests in maintaining Phlebotominae populations in the dry month, as well as their frequent occurrence in household units in the rainy month. This is the first study to identify Leishmania, Trypanosoma, and Crithidia species in Phlebotominae collected in Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil. PMID:28953996

A “clearcut” case? Brown bear selection of coarse woody debris and carpenter ants on clearcuts

PubMed Central

Frank, Shane C.; Steyaert, Sam M.J.G.; Swenson, Jon E.; Storch, Ilse; Kindberg, Jonas; Barck, Hanna; Zedrosser, Andreas

2015-01-01

Forest management alters habitat characteristics, resulting in various effects among and within species. It is crucial to understand how habitat alteration through forest management (e.g. clearcutting) affects animal populations, particularly with unknown future conditions (e.g. climate change). In Sweden, brown bears (Ursus arctos) forage on carpenter ants (Camponotus herculeanus) during summer, and may select for this food source within clearcuts. To assess carpenter ant occurrence and brown bear selection of carpenter ants, we sampled 6999 coarse woody debris (CWD) items within 1019 plots, of which 902 were within clearcuts (forests ⩽30 years of age) and 117 plots outside clearcuts (forests >30 years of age). We related various CWD and site characteristics to the presence or absence of carpenter ant galleries (nests) and bear foraging sign at three spatial scales: the CWD, plot, and clearcut scale. We tested whether both absolute and relative counts (the latter controlling for the number of CWD items) of galleries and bear sign in plots were higher inside or outside clearcuts. Absolute counts were higher inside than outside clearcuts for galleries (mean counts; inside: 1.8, outside: 0.8). CWD was also higher inside (mean: 6.8) than outside clearcuts (mean: 4.0). However, even after controlling for more CWD inside clearcuts, relative counts were higher inside than outside clearcuts for both galleries (mean counts; inside: 0.3, outside: 0.2) and bear sign (mean counts; inside: 0.03, outside: 0.01). Variables at the CWD scale best explained gallery and bear sign presence than variables at the plot or clearcut level, but bear selection was influenced by clearcut age. CWD circumference was important for both carpenter ant and bear sign presence. CWD hardness was most important for carpenter ant selection. However, the most important predictor for bear sign was the presence or absence of carpenter ant galleries. Bears had a high foraging “success” rate (⩾88%) in foraging CWD where galleries also occurred, which was assessed by summing CWD items with the concurrence of bear sign and galleries, divided by the sum of all CWD with bear sign. Clearcuts appeared to increase the occurrence of a relatively important summer food item, the carpenter ant, on Swedish managed forests for the brown bear. However, the potential benefit of this increase can only be determined from a better understanding of the seasonal and interannual variation of the availability and use of other important brown bear food items, berries (e.g. Vaccinium myrtillus and Empetrum spp.), as well as other primary needs for bears (e.g. secure habitat and denning habitat), within the landscape mosaic of managed forests. PMID:26190890

Spectrum Analyzers Incorporating Tunable WGM Resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Savchenkov, Anatoliy; Matsko, Andrey; Strekalov, Dmitry; Maleki, Lute

2009-01-01

A photonic instrument is proposed to boost the resolution for ultraviolet/ optical/infrared spectral analysis and spectral imaging allowing the detection of narrow (0.00007-to-0.07-picometer wavelength resolution range) optical spectral signatures of chemical elements in space and planetary atmospheres. The idea underlying the proposal is to exploit the advantageous spectral characteristics of whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) resonators to obtain spectral resolutions at least three orders of magnitude greater than those of optical spectrum analyzers now in use. Such high resolutions would enable measurement of spectral features that could not be resolved by prior instruments.

D Reconstruction and Modeling of Subterranean Landscapes in Collaborative Mining Archeology Projects: Techniques, Applications and Experiences

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arles, A.; Clerc, P.; Sarah, G.; Téreygeol, F.; Bonnamour, G.; Heckes, J.; Klein, A.

2013-07-01

Mining and underground archaeology are two domains of expertise where three-dimensional data take an important part in the associated researches. Up to now, archaeologists study mines and underground networks from line-plot surveys, cross-section of galleries, and from tool marks surveys. All this kind of information can be clearly recorded back from the field from threedimensional models with a more cautious and extensive approach. Besides, the volumes of the underground structures that are very important data to explain the mining activities are difficult to evaluate from "traditional" hand-made recordings. They can now be calculated more accurately from a 3D model. Finally, reconstructed scenes are a powerful tool as thinking aid to look back again to a structure in the office or in future times. And the recorded models, rendered photo-realistically, can also be used for cultural heritage documentation presenting inaccessible and sometimes dangerous places to the public. Nowadays, thanks to modern computer technologies and highly developed software tools paired with sophisticated digital camera equipment, complex photogrammetric processes are available for moderate costs for research teams. Recognizing these advantages the authors develop and utilize image-based workflows in order to document ancient mining monuments and underground sites as a basis for further historical and archaeological researches, performed in collaborative partnership during recent projects on medieval silver mines and preventive excavations of undergrounds in France.

Whispering gallery mode lithium niobate microresonators for photonics applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maleki, Lute; Savchenkov, Anatoliy A.; Ilchenko, Vladimir S.; Matsko, Andrey B.

2003-07-01

We review various photonics applications of whispering gallery mode (WGM) dielectric resonators and focus on the capability of generating trains of short optical pulses using WGM lithium niobate cavities. We introduce schemes of optical frequency comb generators, actively mode-locked lasers, and coupled opto-electronic oscillators where WGM cavities are utilized for the light amplification and modulation.

Beyond Art Waitressing: Meaningful Engagement in Interactive Art Galleries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kothe, Elsa Lenz

2012-01-01

The metaphor of "art waitressing" is a valuable tool for educators who seek guidance in enacting many of the new roles in museums, particularly the role of facilitator in an open-ended interactive gallery. Though this metaphor provides a valuable model for engaging visitors, the question quickly arises of how educators can go beyond "serving" an…

From GUI to Gallery: A Study of Online Virtual Environments.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guynup, Stephen Lawrence

This paper began as an attempt to clarify and classify the development of Web3D environments from 1995 to the present. In that process, important facts came to light. A large proportion of these sites were virtual galleries and museums. Second, these same environments covered a wide array of architectural interpretations and represented some of…

An Insurgent Curatorial Strategy: Using Dialogue and Collaboration to Create Meaning in Public Art Galleries and Museums

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marsden, Scott

2018-01-01

My insurgent curatorial strategy incorporates theory around dialogue and is used to develop a participatory and collaborative process that gives voice to those who are marginalised and/or disfranchised and are suppressed by dominant social narratives. My strategy demonstrates how art galleries and museums can function as sites for community…

The Empirical Spectator and Gallery Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fulkova, Marie; Straker, Alison; Jaros, Milan

2004-01-01

This paper examines the onto-epistemic status and understanding of contemporary material culture and of visual art, particularly in the context of gallery education. It does so through a case study of the response of 15 year-old school students in the Czech Republic and in England to a recent photographic exhibition, I.N.R.I., created by artists…

The Artist-Led Pedagogic Process in the Contemporary Art Gallery: Developing a Meaning Making Framework

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pringle, Emily

2009-01-01

Drawing on recent research which examined how selected artist educators perceive themselves as arts practitioners and analysed how these constructions inform their pedagogy, this article proposes a framework of meaning making in the art gallery. Art practice is defined as a process of conceptual and experiential enquiry which embraces inspiration,…

Life History and Biology of Ips latidens (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)\\t

Treesearch

D.R. Miller; J.H. Borden

1985-01-01

The life history and biology of Ips latidens (LeConte) were investigated using bark-sandwich and whole-log rearing methods. In contrast with other Ips spp., some females initiated galleries under conditions of female-biased sex ratios, and sometimes 2 or more males were present in a gallery. In general, however, I....

An Old-Growth Definition for Western Hardwood Gallery Forests

Treesearch

Kelly Kindscher; Jenny Holah

1998-01-01

Western hardwood gallery forests are found across an extremely large, diverse geographical area that encompasses the Great Plains in the United States and Canada. Remnant forests of this type still exist in the "Prairie Peninsula," which historically projected an eastern finger into Ohio. The forests are restricted to floodplains of major rivers and are in...

DNA as a Work of Art: Processes of Semiosis between Contemporary Art and Biology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fulkova, Marie; Tipton, Teresa M.

2013-01-01

When "A Genomic Portrait--Sir John Sulston" by Mark Quinn appeared in the London National Portrait Gallery's exhibition in 2001/2, the ensuing public controversy over its portrayal raised a number of questions about the representation of a publicly known figure. Because the portrait was the Gallery's first contemporary commission using…

"In and against the Museum": The Contested Spaces of Museum Education for Adults

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grek, Sotiria

2009-01-01

This paper focuses on museum and gallery education for adults in Dundee, Scotland. Dundee has recently experienced a shift from being mainly working class to an educational, cultural and tourist centre. Hence, an interesting field for the examination of the educational policies and practices of the city museums/galleries and the different fashions…

Changing the Rules: Making Space for Interactive Learning in the Galleries of the Detroit Institute of Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Czajkowski, Jennifer Wild

2011-01-01

Three years after the Detroit Institute of Arts opened with all new, "visitor-centered" galleries, the museum's executive director of learning and interpretation shares the processes, successes, and lessons learned at an institution that embraced an array of hands-on learning models. The models are discussed as components of a…

White-Light Whispering Gallery Mode Optical Resonator System and Method

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Matsko, Andrey B. (Inventor); Savchenkov, Anatoliy A. (Inventor); Maleki, Lute (Inventor)

2009-01-01

An optical resonator system and method that includes a whispering-gallery mode (WGM) optical resonator that is capable of resonating across a broad, continuous swath of frequencies is provided. The optical resonator of the system is shaped to support at least one whispering gallery mode and includes a top surface, a bottom surface, a side wall, and a first curved transition region extending between the side wall and the top surface. The system further includes a coupler having a coupling surface which is arranged to face the transition region of the optical resonator and in the vicinity thereof such that an evanescent field emitted from the coupler is capable of being coupled into the optical resonator through the first curved transition region

Protein-based flexible whispering gallery mode resonators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yilmaz, Huzeyfe; Pena-Francesch, Abdon; Xu, Linhua; Shreiner, Robert; Jung, Huihun; Huang, Steven H.; Özdemir, Sahin K.; Demirel, Melik C.; Yang, Lan

2016-02-01

The idea of creating photonics tools for sensing, imaging and material characterization has long been pursued and many achievements have been made. Approaching the level of solutions provided by nature however is hindered by routine choice of materials. To this end recent years have witnessed a great effort to engineer mechanically flexible photonic devices using polymer substrates. On the other hand, biodegradability and biocompatibility still remains to be incorporated. Hence biomimetics holds the key to overcome the limitations of traditional materials in photonics design. Natural proteins such as sucker ring teeth (SRT) and silk for instance have remarkable mechanical and optical properties that exceed the endeavors of most synthetic and natural polymers. Here we demonstrate for the first time, toroidal whispering gallery mode resonators (WGMR) fabricated entirely from protein structures such as SRT of Loligo vulgaris (European squid) and silk from Bombyx mori. We provide here complete optical and material characterization of proteinaceous WGMRs, revealing high quality factors in microscale and enhancement of Raman signatures by a microcavity. We also present a most simple application of a WGMR as a natural protein add-drop filter, made of SRT protein. Our work shows that with protein-based materials, optical, mechanical and thermal properties can be devised at the molecular level and it lays the groundwork for future eco-friendly, flexible photonics device design.

Ultrasonic survey and monitoring of the excavation damaged zone in callovo-oxfordian argillaceous rock

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Balland, C.; Morel, J.

2010-12-01

The mining of galleries in geological claystones formation induces a stress redistribution that can cause a microfissuration of the rock around the works which, by coalescence, may generate macro field fractures. In this area called EDZ (Excavation Damaged Zone), permeability is expected to increase drastically. Those induced cracking along with increased permeability, shall be taken into account in safety assessment of deep geological disposal. Ultrasonic survey and monitoring experiments have been performed in the Underground Research Laboratory of Meuse/Haute-Marne to contribute to the understanding of the extension and evolution of this damage. Ultrasonic devices have been deployed around shaft, gallery, slot and borehole to characterize the initiation, the extension and the level of the EDZ, P-wave velocity being very sensitive to the mechanical rock perturbations. The analysis of spatial and temporal velocity field changes gave reliable information on the cracks characteristics of the especially about their opening or their preferential orientation. The results provided by an ultrasonic device around shaft mine by test highlighted the initialization and extension of the damage as the shaft front proceeded. They also showed a polarisation of the velocity field and an oscillation of the transversal isotropy with a preferential orientation of the stress release and the microcracking. Otherwise, with a new automatic and ultrasonic probe, we have found around a borehole that the damage zone extends up to 0.175 diameter of depth with an anisotropic damage pattern oriented according to the regional stress field (Figure 1). Nevertheless, the evolution of this damaged zone is still not well known at longer term, particularly under the influence of parameters such as the reconfining rock in contact with a rigid concrete surface. Is it possible that cracks close up significantly toward their seal? Induced mechanical perturbations are in this case much weaker than those generated by the excavation itself. A new ultrasonic experiment has been designed to be more sensitive to the frequency modulation of the P and S-wave sources. The purpose is to determine on site the dynamic elastic stiffness and the corresponding crack density tensors change before and during the resaturation and reconfining of the damaged and undamaged excavation vicinity. P-wave velocity field around a vertical borehole

3D Face Recognition Based on Multiple Keypoint Descriptors and Sparse Representation

PubMed Central

Zhang, Lin; Ding, Zhixuan; Li, Hongyu; Shen, Ying; Lu, Jianwei

2014-01-01

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in developing methods for 3D face recognition. However, 3D scans often suffer from the problems of missing parts, large facial expressions, and occlusions. To be useful in real-world applications, a 3D face recognition approach should be able to handle these challenges. In this paper, we propose a novel general approach to deal with the 3D face recognition problem by making use of multiple keypoint descriptors (MKD) and the sparse representation-based classification (SRC). We call the proposed method 3DMKDSRC for short. Specifically, with 3DMKDSRC, each 3D face scan is represented as a set of descriptor vectors extracted from keypoints by meshSIFT. Descriptor vectors of gallery samples form the gallery dictionary. Given a probe 3D face scan, its descriptors are extracted at first and then its identity can be determined by using a multitask SRC. The proposed 3DMKDSRC approach does not require the pre-alignment between two face scans and is quite robust to the problems of missing data, occlusions and expressions. Its superiority over the other leading 3D face recognition schemes has been corroborated by extensive experiments conducted on three benchmark databases, Bosphorus, GavabDB, and FRGC2.0. The Matlab source code for 3DMKDSRC and the related evaluation results are publicly available at http://sse.tongji.edu.cn/linzhang/3dmkdsrcface/3dmkdsrc.htm. PMID:24940876

I Hear America Writing: NCTE's National Day on Writing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hayes, Sandy, Ed.

2009-01-01

When the National Gallery of Writing opens to the public on October 20, Hayes is hoping to hear from every profession, every socioeconomic group, every race, and ... your students. Hayes offers ideas for the many forms that writing might take, as well as a list of resources to help make writing for the gallery a unique experience for each writer.

Social Phenomenological Analysis as a Research Method in Art Education: Developing an Empirical Model for Understanding Gallery Talks

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hofmann, Fabian

2016-01-01

Social phenomenological analysis is presented as a research method to study gallery talks or guided tours in art museums. The research method is based on the philosophical considerations of Edmund Husserl and sociological/social science concepts put forward by Max Weber and Alfred Schuetz. Its starting point is the everyday lifeworld; the…

Retention of external and internal markers by southern pine beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) during gallery

Treesearch

Douglas J. Rhodes; Jane Leslie Hayes; Chris Steiner

1998-01-01

If retained, markers used in mark-release-recapture studies of bark beetle dispersal could provide valuable tools in the determination of post-dispersal fate. Retention of the internal marker rubidium (Rb) and of the external marker fluorescent powder during egg gallery construction, oviposition, and feeding were quantified at intervals from 0 to 96 hours by allowing...

Adult Education for Social and Environmental Change in Contemporary Public Art Galleries and Museums in Canada, Scotland and England

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clover, Darlene E.

2015-01-01

Historically, pubic art galleries and museums have a well-deserved reputation for elitism, colonialism and exclusion and they are, therefore, frequently omitted from the discourse of adult education. However, the escalating social, cultural and ecological problems of this new century have placed pressure on these public institutions to change and…

Passion Trumps Pay: A Study of the Future Skills Requirements of Information Professionals in Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums in Australia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howard, Katherine; Partridge, Helen; Hughes, Hilary; Oliver, Gillian

2016-01-01

Introduction: This paper explores the current and future skills and knowledge requirements of contemporary information professionals in a converged gallery, library, archive and museum sector (also referred to as the GLAM sector) in Australia. This research forms part of a larger study that investigated the education needs of information…

Lifelong Learning for People Aged 64+ within the Contemporary Art Gallery Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goulding, Anna

2012-01-01

This paper reports the initial findings from Contemporary Visual Art and Identity Construction--Wellbeing Amongst Older People: a two-year research project that aims to understand how the lives of older people can be improved by examining their use of contemporary visual art in the art gallery and museum. It will focus on data relating to lifelong…

Artistic Sensibility in the Studio and Gallery Model: Revisiting Process and Product

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Geoffrey

2009-01-01

This paper examines the cultivation of artistic sensibility and its impact on the art therapy process and product in a community mental health center. Artistic sensibility embodies the sense of self as an artist through the integration of artistic and aesthetic attributes of self and other. The formation of a gallery to exhibit patient art was…

17. Interior of upper level (Turf Club level) of south ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

17. Interior of upper level (Turf Club level) of south and west additions to the Clubhouse. Camera pointed W. Stairs in foreground lead to the 'Gallery' room. Stairs in background lead to the 'Callahan' room. 'Broderick' room (not shown) is entered from south side of 'Gallery' room. (July 1993) - Longacres, Clubhouse & Additions, 1621 Southwest Sixteenth Street, Renton, King County, WA

The Spiral Gallery: Non-Market Creativity and Belonging in an Australian Country Town

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waitt, Gordon; Gibson, Chris

2013-01-01

This paper seeks to explore creative practice in an Australian country town, and in so doing, to unsettle market-orientated interpretations of creativity that privilege the urban. Instead of focusing on creative practice as a means to develop industries, we focus on how creativity is a means to establish a cooperative gallery space that helps to…

'Where Are We When We Think?' Space, Time and Emancipatory Education in Galleries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Graham, Janna

2018-01-01

Adult education in art galleries sits on a fault line, at once an apparatus upholding the affirmative aspects of museum culture cultivated by global elites, a propellant in the whirring of an increasingly dislocated set of events on trendy and consumable political themes, and a site for 'allyship' and other kinds of radical and socially…

5. INTERIOR VIEW OF LAUNDRY ROOM ON GALLERY LEVEL, NEAR ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

5. INTERIOR VIEW OF LAUNDRY ROOM ON GALLERY LEVEL, NEAR SOUTHWEST CORNER OF BUILDING 149; WORKERS' UNIFORMS AND BEEF SHROUDS WERE LAUNDERED HERE; CLEAN BEEF SHROUDS WERE RETURNED TO DISASSEMBLY LINE ON LEVEL 4 THROUGH FUNNEL-SHAPED CHUTE AT LOWER LEFT - Rath Packing Company, Beef Killing Building, Sycamore Street between Elm & Eighteenth Streets, Waterloo, Black Hawk County, IA

Costless Platform for High Resolution Stereoscopic Images of a High Gothic Facade

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Héno, R.; Chandelier, L.; Schelstraete, D.

2012-07-01

In October 2011, the PPMD specialized master's degree students (Photogrammetry, Positionning and Deformation Measurement) of the French ENSG (IGN's School of Geomatics, the Ecole Nationale des Sciences Géographiques) were asked to come and survey the main facade of the cathedral of Amiens, which is very complex as far as size and decoration are concerned. Although it was first planned to use a lift truck for the image survey, budget considerations and taste for experimentation led the project to other perspectives: images shot from the ground level with a long focal camera will be combined to complementary images shot from what higher galleries are available on the main facade with a wide angle camera fixed on a horizontal 2.5 meter long pole. This heteroclite image survey is being processed by the PPMD master's degree students during this academic year. Among other type of products, 3D point clouds will be calculated on specific parts of the facade with both sources of images. If the proposed device and methodology to get full image coverage of the main facade happen to be fruitful, the image acquisition phase will be completed later by another team. This article focuses on the production of 3D point clouds with wide angle images on the rose of the main facade.

Museums and art galleries as partners for public health interventions.

PubMed

Camic, Paul M; Chatterjee, Helen J

2013-01-01

The majority of public health programmes are based in schools, places of employment and in community settings. Likewise, nearly all health-care interventions occur in clinics and hospitals. An underdeveloped area for public health-related planning that carries international implications is the cultural heritage sector, and specifically museums and art galleries. This paper presents a rationale for the use of museums and art galleries as sites for public health interventions and health promotion programmes through discussing the social role of these organisations in the health and well-being of the communities they serve. Recent research from several countries is reviewed and integrated into a proposed framework for future collaboration between cultural heritage, health-care and university sectors to further advance research, policy development and evidence-based practice.

Design and Development of Nanostructured Surfaces for Enhanced Optical Sensing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Santiago Cordoba, Miguel A.

At smaller size regimes, materials' physicochemical properties change with respect to bulk analogs. In the case of metal nanoparticles like gold or silver, specific wavelengths of light can induce a coherent oscillation of their conduction electrons, generating an optical field confined to the nanoparticle surface. This phenomenon is termed surface plasmon, and has been used as an enhancing mechanism in optical sensing, allowing the detection of foreign materials at small concentrations. The goal of this dissertation is to develop nanostructured materials relying on surface plasmons that can be combined with different optical sensing platforms in order to enhance current detection limits. Initially, we focus on the development of surfactant free, stimuli responsive nanoparticle thin films, which undergo an active release when exposed to a stimulus such as a change in pH. These nanoparticle thin films provide faster analyte particle transport and direct electronic coupling with the analyte molecule, all without attenuating the evanescent wave from the optical transducer to the particle. These stimuli responsive nanostructured substrates are tested within a surface enhanced Raman platform for the detection of biomolecular probes at sub-nanomolar concentrations and microL sample sizes. Furthermore, the developed nanosubstrates can be patterned, providing a versatile nanoparticle thin film for multiplexing analysis, offering a substantial advantage over conventional surface based nanoparticle detection methods. Our results encouraged further optimization of light-matter interactions in optical detection platforms. It is for that reason that this dissertation evolves towards confined optical systems. Particularly, whispering gallery microcavities confine electromagnetic waves - at high volumes - at the boundary of a dielectric resonator. In this dissertation, we examined the sensitivity of whispering gallery modes combining optical microcavities with plasmonic nanoparticles in analogy to a "nanoantenna". First, our hybrid methodology is tested by analyzing the resonant wavelength displacement of a whispering gallery mode cavity upon perturbation with a gold nanoparticle layer containing a model protein. Next, we developed a real-time optical sensing platform relying on whispering gallery microcavities and surface plasmons, and then tested it for the detection of a model protein at fM concentration (less than 1000 protein molecules). Finally, this plasmonic-photonic coupling process involving whispering gallery modes is studied via a self-referenced methodology relying on the mode splitting of a whispering gallery resonance. Specifically, we studied the mode splitting evolution of a resonant whispering gallery microcavity as a function of gold nanoparticle adherence with varying diameters. Mode splitting increases as the localized surface plasmon wavelength of the nanoparticle approaches the spectral line of the whispering gallery mode. Plasmonic-photonic coupling observed in this study provides a novel alternative to achieve single particle detection using mode splitting, as well as understanding optimization of particle size for plasmonic-photonic coupling. The study described herein opens a new way to optimize current optical sensing technology, enabling not only the detection of an analyte, but also the execution of fundamental studies of analyte interactions at ultralow concentrations.

Stories from History, Myth, and the Bible. Snite Museum of Art Gallery Guide. Parts 1-3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Matthias, Diana C. J.; Barrett, Jesse

This art education resource, designed for use in the Snite Museum of Art, may also be used with slides or reproductions. Black and white reproductions are included for each of the art works represented, along with title, artist, date, and media information. This three part gallery guide presents a brief synopsis of the stories narrated in the…

A Survey on the Influence of Titles on the Visitor's Interpretation and Learning in Art Galleries: An Iranian Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Samanian, Kouros; Nedaeifar, Hoda; Karimi, Ma'soumeh

2016-01-01

As previous studies suggest, titles of works of art have generally proven to be influential elements in reading and interpretation of the artworks. In the exhibition context, titles can be considered as a physical component of the museum or art gallery's space. According to the relatively new approaches, learning, being a subcategory of…

Nonlinear optics and crystalline whispering gallery mode resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Matsko, Andrey B.; Savchenkov, Anatoliy A.; Ilchenko, Vladimir S.; Maleki, Lute

2004-01-01

We report on our recent results concerning fabrication of high-Q whispering gallery mode (WGM) crystalline resonators, and discuss some possible applications of lithium niobate WGM resonators in nonlinear optics and photonics. In particular, we demonstrate experimentally a tunable third-order optical filter fabricated from the three metalized resonators; and report observation of parametric frequency dobuling in a WGM resonator made of periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN).

Robust Point Set Matching for Partial Face Recognition.

PubMed

Weng, Renliang; Lu, Jiwen; Tan, Yap-Peng

2016-03-01

Over the past three decades, a number of face recognition methods have been proposed in computer vision, and most of them use holistic face images for person identification. In many real-world scenarios especially some unconstrained environments, human faces might be occluded by other objects, and it is difficult to obtain fully holistic face images for recognition. To address this, we propose a new partial face recognition approach to recognize persons of interest from their partial faces. Given a pair of gallery image and probe face patch, we first detect keypoints and extract their local textural features. Then, we propose a robust point set matching method to discriminatively match these two extracted local feature sets, where both the textural information and geometrical information of local features are explicitly used for matching simultaneously. Finally, the similarity of two faces is converted as the distance between these two aligned feature sets. Experimental results on four public face data sets show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Ash plume from Eyjafjallajokull Volcano, Iceland May 6th View [Detail

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-12-08

NASA satellite image acquired May 6, 2010 at 11 :55 UTC To view the full view go to: www.nasa.gov/topics/earth/features/iceland-volcano-plume.... NASA Satellite Sees a Darker Ash Plume From Iceland Volcano NASA's Terra satellite flew over the Eyjafjallajokull Volcano, Iceland, on May 6 at 11:55 UTC (7:55 a.m. EDT). The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer instrument known as MODIS that flies onboard Terra, captured a visible image of the ash plume. The plume was blowing east then southeast over the Northern Atlantic. The satellite image shows that the plume is at a lower level in the atmosphere than the clouds that lie to its east, as the brown plume appears to slide underneath the white clouds. Satellite: Terra NASA/GSFC/Jeff Schmaltz/MODIS Land Rapid Response Team To learn more about MODIS go to: rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/?latest NASA Goddard Space Flight Center is home to the nation's largest organization of combined scientists, engineers and technologists that build spacecraft, instruments and new technology to study the Earth, the sun, our solar system, and the universe.

Application of an imaging system to a museum exhibition for developing interactive exhibitions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miyata, Kimiyoshi; Inoue, Yuka; Takiguchi, Takahiro; Tsumura, Norimichi; Nakaguchi, Toshiya; Miyake, Yoichi

2009-10-01

In the National Museum of Japanese History, 215,759 artifacts are stored and used for research and exhibitions. In museums, due to the limitation of space in the galleries, a guidance system is required to satisfy visitors' needs and to enhance their understanding of the artifacts. We introduce one exhibition using imaging technology to improve visitors' understanding of a kimono (traditional Japanese clothing) exhibition. In the imaging technology introduced, one data projector, one display with touch panel interface, and magnifiers were used as exhibition tools together with a real kimono. The validity of this exhibition method was confirmed by results from a visitors' interview survey. Second, to further develop the interactive guidance system, an augmented reality system that consisted of cooperation between the projector and a digital video camera was also examined. A white paper board in the observer's hand was used as a projection screen and also as an interface to control the images projected on the board. The basic performance of the proposed system was confirmed; however continuous development was necessary for applying the system to actual exhibitions.

A Snowy Entrance

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-10-27

This archival image was released as part of a gallery comparing JPL's past and present, commemorating the 80th anniversary of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory on Oct. 31, 2016. This photograph from 1949 shows the main entrance gate to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, after a snowstorm. To the left is JPL's administration building at the time (Building 67). Building 67 is the Materials Research Building today. The Space Flight Operations Facility (Building 230), which houses JPL's Mission Control, now stands over the parking area on the right. As the lab expanded, the main entrance gate moved farther south. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA21118

Welcome to JPL, 1957

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-10-27

This archival image was released as part of a gallery comparing JPL’s past and present, commemorating the 80th anniversary of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory on Oct. 31, 2016. This is what greeted visitors to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in December 1957, before NASA was created and the lab became one of its centers. There is no sign at this location today -- there is just a stairway that runs up the side of the main Administration Building (Building 180). The official lab sign has moved farther south, just as the lab itself has expanded farther south out from the base of the San Gabriel Mountains. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA21115

Oil Spill in Gulf of Mexico April 29th View [detail

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-12-08

2010/119 - 04/29 at 16 :48 UTC Oil slick in the Gulf of Mexico To see a full view of this image go to: www.flickr.com/photos/gsfc/4563296541/ (Input Direct Broadcast data courtesy Direct Readout Lab, NASA/GSFC) Satellite: Terra NASA/GSFC/Jeff Schmaltz/MODIS Land Rapid Response Team To learn more about MODIS go to: rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/?latest NASA Goddard Space Flight Center is home to the nation's largest organization of combined scientists, engineers and technologists that build spacecraft, instruments and new technology to study the Earth, the sun, our solar system, and the universe.

Ship Tracks

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-12-08

Ship tracks above the northern Pacific Ocean. NASA image captured July 3, 2010. Satellite: Aqua NASA/GSFC/Jeff Schmaltz/MODIS Land Rapid Response Team To learn more about MODIS go to: rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/?latest To learn more about ship tracks go to: visibleearth.nasa.gov/view_rec.php?id=2370 To watch a video on ship tracks go to: www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vsri2sOAjWo&feature=player_em...! NASA Goddard Space Flight Center is home to the nation's largest organization of combined scientists, engineers and technologists that build spacecraft, instruments and new technology to study the Earth, the sun, our solar system, and the universe.

Heritage Gallery

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

Marshall Space Flight Center's (MSFC's) building 4200 hosts a new spaceflight history museum referred to as the Heritage Gallery, allowing employees and visitors alike to have the opportunity to experience history first hand. On display are many models of launch vehicles and spacecraft that have made the center famous. It features a full-scale mockup of the lunar roving vehicle, three built-in multimedia displays, a large theater screen, and two glass cases that house memorabilia such as personal items belonging to Wernher von Braun, MSFC's first Center Director. The new Heritage Gallery features the accomplishments of several past and present members of the Marshall team. Attending the ribbon cutting ceremony are: (left to right) Gerhard Reisig; Cort Durocher, executive director of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Ernst Stuhlinger; Konrad Darnenburg; Werner Dahm; Walter Jacobi; and host of event, Center Director Art Stephenson.

Physics. Creating and probing electron whispering-gallery modes in graphene.

PubMed

Zhao, Yue; Wyrick, Jonathan; Natterer, Fabian D; Rodriguez-Nieva, Joaquin F; Lewandowski, Cyprian; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Levitov, Leonid S; Zhitenev, Nikolai B; Stroscio, Joseph A

2015-05-08

The design of high-finesse resonant cavities for electronic waves faces challenges due to short electron coherence lengths in solids. Complementing previous approaches to confine electronic waves by carefully positioned adatoms at clean metallic surfaces, we demonstrate an approach inspired by the peculiar acoustic phenomena in whispering galleries. Taking advantage of graphene's gate-tunable light-like carriers, we create whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonators defined by circular pn junctions, induced by a scanning tunneling probe. We can tune the resonator size and the carrier concentration under the probe in a back-gated graphene device over a wide range. The WGM-type confinement and associated resonances are a new addition to the quantum electron-optics toolbox, paving the way to develop electronic lenses and resonators. Copyright © 2015, American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Developing the Model of "Pedagogical Art Communication" Using Social Phenomenological Analysis: An Introduction to a Research Method and an Example for Its Outcome

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hofmann, Fabian

2016-01-01

Social phenomenological analysis is presented as a research method for museum and art education. After explaining its methodological background, it is shown how this method has been applied in a study of gallery talks or guided tours in art museums: Analyzing the situation by description and interpretation, a model for understanding gallery talks…

Graded-Index "Whispering-Gallery" Optical Microresonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Savchenkov, Anatoliy; Maleki, Lute; Iltchenko, Vladimir; Matsko, Andrey

2006-01-01

Graded-index-of-refraction dielectric optical microresonators have been proposed as a superior alternative to prior dielectric optical microresonators, which include microspheres and microtori wherein electromagnetic waves propagate along circumferential paths in "whispering-gallery" modes. The design and method of fabrication of the proposed microresonators would afford improved performance by exploiting a combination of the propagation characteristics of the whisperinggallery modes and the effect of a graded index of refraction on the modes.

Whispering gallery mode resonators based on radiation-sensitive materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Savchenkov, Anatoliy (Inventor); Maleki, Lutfollah (Inventor); Ilchenko, Vladimir (Inventor); Handley, Timothy A. (Inventor)

2005-01-01

Whispering gallery mode (WGM) optical resonators formed of radiation-sensitive materials to allow for permanent tuning of their resonance frequencies in a controlled manner. Two WGM resonators may be cascaded to form a composite filter to produce a second order filter function where at least one WGM resonator is formed a radiation-sensitive material to allow for proper control in the overlap of the two filter functions.

Art engagement and mental health: experiences of service users of a community-based arts programme at Tate Modern, London.

PubMed

McKeown, Eamonn; Weir, Hannele; Berridge, Emma-Jane; Ellis, Liz; Kyratsis, Yiannis

2016-01-01

To examine the experiences of mental health service users who took part in an arts-based programme at Tate Modern, a major London art gallery. Exploratory qualitative design. Data were collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews with 10 mental health service users who had taken part in a community-based programme at Tate Modern. Additionally, six art educators from Tate Modern were interviewed. Concepts that emerged from the text were identified using thematic analysis. All participants valued the gallery-based programme. The three overarching thematic areas were: the symbolic and physical context in which the programme workshops were located; the relational and social context of the programme workshops; and reflections on the relationship between the arts-based programme and subsequent mental health. Art galleries are increasingly seen to function as vehicles for popular education with mental health service users. This study adds to the growing body of evidence related to how mental health service users experience and reflect on arts-related programmes targeted at them. This study indicates that emphasis on how users experience gallery-based programmes may contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between art and mental health. Copyright © 2015 The Royal Society for Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Video-based face recognition via convolutional neural networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bao, Tianlong; Ding, Chunhui; Karmoshi, Saleem; Zhu, Ming

2017-06-01

Face recognition has been widely studied recently while video-based face recognition still remains a challenging task because of the low quality and large intra-class variation of video captured face images. In this paper, we focus on two scenarios of video-based face recognition: 1)Still-to-Video(S2V) face recognition, i.e., querying a still face image against a gallery of video sequences; 2)Video-to-Still(V2S) face recognition, in contrast to S2V scenario. A novel method was proposed in this paper to transfer still and video face images to an Euclidean space by a carefully designed convolutional neural network, then Euclidean metrics are used to measure the distance between still and video images. Identities of still and video images that group as pairs are used as supervision. In the training stage, a joint loss function that measures the Euclidean distance between the predicted features of training pairs and expanding vectors of still images is optimized to minimize the intra-class variation while the inter-class variation is guaranteed due to the large margin of still images. Transferred features are finally learned via the designed convolutional neural network. Experiments are performed on COX face dataset. Experimental results show that our method achieves reliable performance compared with other state-of-the-art methods.

An Artistic Exploration of Inattention Blindness†

PubMed Central

Levy, Ellen K.

2012-01-01

An experiment about inattention blindness was conducted within the context of an art exhibition as opposed to a laboratory context in order to investigate the potential of art as a vehicle to study attention and its disorders. The project utilized a flash animation, Stealing Attention, that was modeled after the movie by Simons and Chabris (1999) but with significant experimental differences, involving context and staging, the emotional salience of the objects depicted, and the prior art viewing experience of participants. The study involved two components: observing if viewers watching an animation in a gallery could be distracted from noticing the disappearance of stolen museum antiquities (the targets) by the overlaid flashing images of a card game (the distractors) and then observing whether repetition of the depicted targets throughout the gallery installation could facilitate a re-direction of attention that allowed viewers to perceive the targets not initially noted in the animation. My findings were that, after viewing the entire installation and then re-viewing the animation, 64% of the viewers who did not initially remark on the targets in the animation were then able to see them. The discussion elaborates on these findings and then considers ways in which the implications of inattention blindness paradigms might be more fully rendered by uniting insights from the two disciplines of art and neuroscience than by either alone. PMID:22232588

The utilization of orbital images as an adequate form of control of preserved areas. [Araguaia National Park, Brazil

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dejesusparada, N. (Principal Investigator); Dossantos, J. R.

1981-01-01

The synoptic view and the repetitive acquisition of LANDSAT imagery provide precise information, in real-time, for monitoring preserved areas based on spectral, temporal and spatial properties. The purpose of this study was to monitor, with the use of multispectral imagery, the systematic annual burning, which causes the degradation of ecosystems in the National Park of Araguaia. LANDSAT imagery of channel 5 (0.6 a 0.7 microns) and 7 (0.8 a 1.1 microns), at the scale of 1:250.000, were used to identify and delimit vegetation units and burned area, based on photointerpretation parameter of tonality. The results show that the gallery forest can be discriminated from the seasonally flooded 'campo cerrado', and that 4,14% of the study area was burned. Conclusions point out that the LANDSAT images can be used for the implementation of environmental protection in national parks.

The Effect of Active Learning Techniques on Class Teacher Candidates' Success Rates and Attitudes toward Their Museum Theory and Application Unit in Their Visual Arts Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dilmac, Oguz

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect that using active learning techniques during museum and gallery visits has on teacher candidates' academic success rates in and attitudes toward their Visual Arts Course. In this study, the importance and requirement of education to take place in museums and art galleries is emphasized. The…

Label-Free Biological and Chemical Sensing Using Whispering Gallery Mode Optical Resonators: Past, Present, and Future

PubMed Central

Su, Judith

2017-01-01

Sensitive and rapid label-free biological and chemical sensors are needed for a wide variety of applications including early disease diagnosis and prognosis, the monitoring of food and water quality, as well as the detection of bacteria and viruses for public health concerns and chemical threat sensing. Whispering gallery mode optical resonator based sensing is a rapidly developing field due to the high sensitivity and speed of these devices as well as their label-free nature. Here, we describe the history of whispering gallery mode optical resonator sensors, the principles behind detection, the latest developments in the fields of biological and chemical sensing, current challenges toward widespread adoption of these devices, and an outlook for the future. In addition, we evaluate the performance capabilities of these sensors across three key parameters: sensitivity, selectivity, and speed. PMID:28282881

From the galleries to the clinic: applying art museum lessons to patient care.

PubMed

Miller, Alexa; Grohe, Michelle; Khoshbin, Shahram; Katz, Joel T

2013-12-01

Increasingly, medical educators integrate art-viewing into curricular interventions that teach clinical observation-often with local art museum educators. How can cross-disciplinary collaborators explicitly connect the skills learned in the art museum with those used at the bedside? One approach is for educators to align their pedagogical approach using similar teaching methods in the separate contexts of the galleries and the clinic. We describe two linked pedagogical exercises--Visual Thinking Strategies (VTS) in the museum galleries and observation at the bedside--from "Training the Eye: Improving the Art of Physical Diagnosis," an elective museum-based course at Harvard Medical School. It is our opinion that while strategic interactions with the visual arts can improve skills, it is essential for students to apply them in a clinical context with faculty support-requiring educators across disciplines to learn from one another.

What Can The Habitable Zone Gallery Do for You?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gelino, Dawn M.; Kane, Stephen R.

2014-06-01

The Habitable Zone Gallery (www.hzgallery.org) has been online since August 2011 as a service to the exoplanet community to provide Habitable Zone (HZ) information for each of the exoplanetary systems with known planetary orbital parameters. The service includes a sortable table, a plot with the period and eccentricity of each of the planets with respect to their time spent in the HZ, a gallery of known systems which plots the orbits and the location of the HZ with respect to those orbits, and orbital movies. Recently, we have added new features including: implementation of both conservative and optimistic HZs, more user-friendly table and movies, movies for circumbinary planets, and a count of planets whose orbits lie entirely within the system’s HZ. Here we discuss various educational and scientific applications of the site such as target selection, exploring planets with eccentric or circumbinary orbits, and investigating habitability.

What Can the Habitable Zone Gallery Do For You?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gelino, Dawn M.; Kane, Stephen

2015-12-01

The Habitable Zone Gallery (www.hzgallery.org) came online in August 2011 as a service to the exoplanet community that provides Habitable Zone (HZ) information for each of the exoplanetary systems with known planetary orbital parameters. The service includes a sortable table, a plot with the period and eccentricity of each of the planets with respect to their time spent in the HZ, a gallery of known systems which plot the orbits and the location of the HZ with respect to those orbits, and orbital movies. Recently, we have added new features including: implementation of both conservative and optimistic HZs, more user-friendly table and movies, movies for circumbinary planets, and a count of planets whose orbits lie entirely within the system's HZ. Here we discuss various educational and scientific applications of the site such as target selection, exploring planets with eccentric or circumbinary orbits, and investigating habitability.

What Can The Habitable Zone Gallery Do For You?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gelino, D.

2014-04-01

The Habitable Zone Gallery (www.hzgallery.org) came online in August 2011 as a service to the exoplanet community that provides Habitable Zone (HZ) information for each of the exoplanetary systems with known planetary orbital parameters. The service includes a sortable table, a plot with the period and eccentricity of each of the planets with respect to their time spent in the HZ, a gallery of known systems which plot the orbits and the location of the HZ with respect to those orbits, and orbital movies. Recently, we have added new features including: implementation of both conservative and optimistic HZs, more user-friendly table and movies, movies for circumbinary planets, and a count of planets whose orbits lie entirely within the system's HZ. Here we discuss various educational and scientific applications of the site such as target selection, exploring planets with eccentric or circumbinary orbits, and investigating habitability.

Nesting habits of Centris (Hemisiella) dichrootricha (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in the Northern Cerrado of Brazil.

PubMed

Carvalho, Gracy C A; Carreira, Léa M M; Rêgo, Márcia M C; Albuquerque, Patricia M C

2016-09-01

The Neotropical bee Centris (Hemisiella) dichrootricha is a solitary bee that nests in pre-existing cavities that occur in the rain forest. This study describes the nesting biology of C. dichrootricha and its preference for nesting in Cerrado and gallery forest habitats. The study was conducted from January 2012 and December 2013, in Mirador State Park in the municipality of Formosa da Serra Negra, Maranhão State, Brazil. For this, wooden trap-nests of 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 mm in diameter were used; a total of 300 trap-nests were placed in the gallery forest and Cerrado areas, respectively. Traps were monitored monthly and all completed nests were collected and replaced with empty ones. The nests were then taken to the laboratory to analyze bee development and emergence, nests characteristics and parasites presence. The species used 29 of the trap-nests, which had diameters of 8, 10, 12 and 14 mm. A total of 87 C. dichrootricha specimens emerged. The nests were parasitized by two bee species, Mesocheira bicolor (Apinae) and Coelioxys sp. (Megachilinae), and one fly species, Antrax sp. (Diptera). The highest nesting incidence of 72.4 % was observed in the gallery forest, whereas only 27.6 % in the Cerrado; this difference in habitat use was significant (χ² = 5.56; p < 0.05; DF = 1). For the nests that were built in the gallery forest, 80.9% of the soil originated from the Cerrado. The females were significantly larger than the males (F1, 76 = 595.19; p < 0.001). There were 11 pollen types that belonged to six families. Pollen of the family Malpighiaceae was most frequently used, with four species represented (Byrsonima crassifolia, B. rotunda, B. spicata and Heteropterys sp.). C. dichrootricha showed a preference for nesting in cavities of various diameters in gallery forest sites. The present study provides a novel description of the nesting habits and biology of C. dichrootricha in habitats of Central/Southern Maranhão. C. dichrootricha primarily used resources from the Cerrado, including soil to build their nests, pollen and floral oils; we concluded that gallery forest and Cerrado areas are intrinsically related to the maintenance of local populations of this species.

Gallery of melt textures developed in Westerly Granite during high-pressure triaxial friction experiments

USGS Publications Warehouse

Moore, Diane E.; Lockner, David A.; Kilgore, Brian D.; Beeler, Nicholas M.

2016-09-23

IntroductionMelting occurred during stick-slip faulting of granite blocks sheared at room-dry, room-temperature conditions in a triaxial apparatus at 200–400 megapascals (MPa) confining pressure. Petrographic examinations of melt textures focused largely on the 400-MPa run products. This report presents an overview of the petrographic data collected on those samples, followed by brief descriptions of annotated versions of all the images.Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the starting materials and the three examined 400-MPa samples are presented in this report. Secondary-electron (SE) and backscattered-electron (BSE) imaging techniques were used on different samples. The SE images look down on the sawcut surfaces, yielding topographic and three-dimensional textural information. The BSE imaging was done on samples cut to provide cross-sectional views of the glass-filled shear band (or zone) that developed along the sawcut. Brightness in the BSE images increases with increasing mean atomic number of the material. Additional chemical information about the quenched melt and adjoining minerals was obtained using the energy dispersive system of the SEM during BSE examinations. However, the very narrow shear-band thicknesses and common occurrence of very fine lamellar compositional layering limited the usefulness of this technique for estimating melt chemistry.

Rapid-Chill Cryogenic Coaxial Direct-Acting Solenoid Valve

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Richard, James; Castor, Jim; Sheller, Richard

2006-01-01

A commercially available cryogenic direct- acting solenoid valve has been modified to incorporate a rapid-chill feature. The net effect of the modifications is to divert some of the cryogenic liquid to the task of cooling the remainder of the cryogenic liquid that flows to the outlet. Among the modifications are the addition of several holes and a gallery into a valve-seat retainer and the addition of a narrow vent passage from the gallery to the atmosphere.

Dynamic Fano-like resonances in erbium-doped whispering-gallery-mode microresonators

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lei, Fuchuan; Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130; Peng, Bo

2014-09-08

We report Fano-like asymmetric resonances modulated by optical gain in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator fabricated from erbium-doped silica. A time-dependent gain profile leads to dynamically varying sharp asymmetric resonances with features similar to Fano resonances. Depending on the scan speed of the frequency of the probe laser and the pump-probe power ratio, transmission spectra of the active microcavity exhibit a resonance dip, a resonance peak, or a Fano-like resonance.

Highly efficient optical power transfer to whispering-gallery modes by use of a symmetrical dual-coupling configuration.

PubMed

Cai, M; Vahala, K

2000-02-15

We report that greater than 99.8% optical power transfer to whispering-gallery modes was achieved in fused-silica microspheres by use of a dual-tapered-fiber coupling method. The intrinsic cavity loss and the taper-to-sphere coupling coefficient are inferred from the experimental data. It is shown that the low intrinsic cavity loss and the symmetrical dual-coupling structure are crucial for obtaining the high coupling efficiency.

Do isolated gallery-forest trees facilitate recruitment of forest seedlings and saplings in savannna?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Azihou, Akomian Fortuné; Glèlè Kakaï, Romain; Sinsin, Brice

2013-11-01

Facilitation is an ecological process that allows some species to establish in environments they can hardly afford in the absence of the process. This study investigated if the subcanopy of gallery-forest trees isolated in savanna is suitable for the early recruitment of forest woody species. We measured tree crown area as well as the density of seedlings and saplings of gallery-forest tree species beneath isolated trees and in the savanna matrix along 50 transects of 5-km long and 600 m wide located along four gallery forests. We then tested the nurse-plant effect and Janzen-Connell hypothesis beneath isolated trees. We also examined the relationships between the crown area and the density of seedlings and saplings. Among the eight identified tree species isolated in savanna, only Daniellia oliveri and Khaya senegalensis showed nurse-plant effect and promoted a significant, yet low early recruitment with a seedling-to-sapling survival of 0.044 and 0.578, respectively. The suitability of the subcanopy of isolated trees decreased with the recruitment progression and Janzen-Connell effects were absent. Seedlings had neutral association with the crown area of isolated trees which shifted to positive at the sapling stage. The species of the isolated tree and the crown area explained less than 20% of total variance, indicating that other predictive factors are important in explaining the nurse-plant effect observed in this study.

Assessing Land Management Changes and Population Dynamics in Central Burkina Faso in Response to Climate Change.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kabore Bontogho, P. E.; Boubacar, I.; Afouda, A.; Joerg, H.

2015-12-01

Assessing landscape and population's dynamics at watershed level contribute to address anthropogenic aspect of climate change issue owing to the close link between LULC and climate changes. The objective of this study is to explore the dependencies of population to land management changes in Massili basin (2612 km²) located in central Burkina Faso. A set of three satellite scenes was acquired for the years 1990 (Landsat 7 ETM), 2002 (Landsat 7 ETM+) and 2013 (Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS) from the Global Land Cover Facility's (GLCF) website. Census data were provided by the National institute of statistics and demographic (INSD). The satellites images were classified using object-oriented classification method which was supported by historic maps and field data. Those were collected in order to allow for class definition, verification and accuracy assessments. Based on the developed land use maps, change analysis was carried out using post classification comparison in GIS. Finally, derived land use changes were compared with census data in order to explore links between population dynamics and the land use changes. It was found in 1990 that Massili watershed LULC was dominated by Tree/shrub savannah (69%, 1802.28 km2 ), Farm/Fallow was representing 22%, Gallery forest (4%), Settlement (3%), Barre soil (1%), Water bodies (1%). In 2002, the major landscape was Farm (54%). Tree/Shrub savannas were reduced to 36% while the Gallery Forest was decreased to1% of the basin area. The situation has also slightly changed in 2013 with an increase of the area devoted to farm/fallow and settlement at a rate of 3% and Gallery forest has increased to 4%. The changes in land use are in agreement with a notable increase in population. The analysis of census data showed that the number of inhabitants increased from 338 inhabitants per km2 in 1990 to 1150 inhabitants per km2 in 2013. As shown by statistical analysis (Kendall correlation tau=0.9), there is a close relation between both dynamics.

Conveying Environmental Issues with and through Art

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abeles, K. V.

2016-12-01

Art has the ability to convey serious environmental issues, inspiring people to respond personally Kim Abeles is an artist who crosses disciplines and media to explore and map urban and global environments. She has exhibited with a unique range of collaborators including smog control agencies, science and natural history museums, and educational and healthcare professionals. Her work has been exhibited across the world. Since 1985, her art projects have explored topics including air and water pollution, refuse and recycling, and consumption. This presentation will discuss three unconventional art projects from inspiration to impact including results. Most can be replicated in any educational or community setting to increase understanding of environmental issues. Abeles's Smog Collector series makes images from polluted air, helping viewers to see the air they breathe in an accessible, engaging, and visceral way. In addition to exhibitions of this work in art museums and galleries, it has been displayed in vehicle emissions testing booths to increase awareness and behavior change, and the process has been taught as curriculum in schools. Abeles sees consumption as a primary problem that leads to environmental decay. Her Paper Person was made from the California Science Center's paper trash that was generated on a single day by their visitors (Earth Day 2009). The 40' x 48' sculpture is in the permanent collection of the CSC, and the text accompanying the artwork prompts visitors to consider bringing their lunches next time instead of buying fast food. Similarly, Paper Person (Harvard Westlake School) is a figurative sculpture made of one week of students' paper trash. Exhibited in the school's gallery, students were able to identify their own scraps, and to see how their consumption and trash adds up. When the artwork was exhibited, the school decided to change the way they handled their lunch preparation, bottled water, and trash. gallery-of-solutions was a recent Luckman Program project with students at California State University Los Angeles. It gave students the opportunity to create solutions in the form of visual art. By involving them in a physical, creative experience, several of them changed their own behaviors, responding to what they had learned.

"small problems, Big Trouble": An Art and Science Collaborative Exhibition Reflecting Seemingly small problems Leading to Big Threats

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Waller, J. L.; Brey, J. A.

2014-12-01

"small problems, Big Trouble" (spBT) is an exhibition of artist Judith Waller's paintings accompanied by text panels written by Earth scientist Dr. James A. Brey and several science researchers and educators. The text panels' message is as much the focus of the show as the art--true interdisciplinarity! Waller and Brey's history of art and earth science collaborations include the successful exhibition "Layers: Places in Peril". New in spBT is extended collaboration with other scientists in order to create awareness of geoscience and other subjects (i.e. soil, parasites, dust, pollutants, invasive species, carbon, ground water contaminants, solar wind) small in scale which pose significant threats. The paintings are the size of a mirror, a symbol suggesting the problems depicted are those we increasingly need to face, noting our collective reflections of shared current and future reality. Naturalistic rendering and abstract form in the art helps reach a broad audience including those familiar with art and those familiar with science. The goal is that gallery visitors gain greater appreciation and understanding of both—and of the sober content of the show as a whole. "small problems, Big Trouble" premiers in Wisconsin April, 2015. As in previous collaborations, Waller and Brey actively utilize art and science (specifically geoscience) as an educational vehicle for active student learning. Planned are interdisciplinary university and area high school activities linked through spBT. The exhibition in a public gallery offers a means to enhance community awareness of and action on scientific issues through art's power to engage people on an emotional level. This AGU presentation includes a description of past Waller and Brey activities: incorporating art and earth science in lab and studio classrooms, producing gallery and museum exhibitions and delivering workshops and other presentations. They also describe how walking the paths of several past earth science disasters continues to inspire new chapters in their "Layers: Places in Peril" exhibit! A slide show includes images of paintings for "small problems, Big Trouble". Brey and Waller will lead a discussion on their process of incorporating broader collaboration with geoscientists and others in an educational art exhibition.

Perspective of an Artist Inspired by Physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sanborn, Jim

2010-02-01

Using digital images and video I will be presenting thirty years of my science based artwork. Beginning in the late 1970's my gallery and museum installations used lodestones and suspended compasses to reveal the earths' magnetic field. Through the 1980's my work included these compass installations and geologically inspired tableaux that had one thing in common, they were designed to expose the invisible forces of nature. Tectonics, the Coriolis force, and magnetism were among the subjects of study. In 1988, on the basis of my work with invisible forces, I was selected for a commission from the General Services Administration for the new Central Intelligence Agency headquarters in Langley Virginia. This work titled Kryptos included a large cryptographic component that remains undeciphered twenty years after its installation. In the 1990's Kryptos inspired several of my museum and gallery installations using cryptography and secrecy as their main themes. From 1995-1998 I completed a series of large format projections on the landscape in the western US and Ireland. These projections and the resulting series of photographs emulated the 19th century cartographers hired by the United States Government to map the western landscape. In 1998 I began my project titled Atomic Time. This installation shown for the first time in 2004 at the Corcoran Gallery in Washington DC, then again in the Gwangju Biennale in South Korea was a recreation of the 1944 Manhattan Project laboratory that built the first Atomic Bomb. This installation used original equipment and prototypes from the Los Alamos Lab and was an extremely accurate representation of the laboratory and the first nuclear bomb called the ``Trinity Device.'' I began my current project Terrestrial Physics in 2005. This installation to be shown in June 2010 at the Museum of Contemporary Art in Denver is a recreation of the large particle accelerator and the experiment that fissioned Uranium in 1939 at the Carnegie Institution in Washington DC. This was the first time uranium had been fissioned using a particle accelerator and it was demonstrated for an audience including, Enrico Fermi, Niels Bohr and Merle Tuve. )

Voices and Images of Migrant Women who are Survivors of Domestic Violence

PubMed Central

MOYA, EVA M.; BARAY, SILVIA MARÍA CHÁVEZ; MARTÍNEZ, OMAR

2014-01-01

Twenty-two Mexican immigrant women, using the Photovoice method, discuss their experiences and the challenges they have faced as domestic violence survivors in El Paso, Texas, usa. These include limited access to health services, their status as immigrants, and the lack of education on sexual and reproductive health, in conjunction with their deteriorating physical and mental health as well as that of their children. The final outcome of the project includes a bilingual Photovoice gallery of 28 photographs and stories as well as a “Call-to-action” addressed to policy and decision makers insisting on visibility, gender equality, legal support, education, as well as sexual and reproductive health education. PMID:25328561

Preparation and regulating cell adhesion of anion-exchangeable layered double hydroxide micropatterned arrays.

PubMed

Yao, Feng; Hu, Hao; Xu, Sailong; Huo, Ruijie; Zhao, Zhiping; Zhang, Fazhi; Xu, Fujian

2015-02-25

We describe a reliable preparation of MgAl-layered double hydroxide (MgAl-LDH) micropatterned arrays on gold substrate by combining SO3(-)-terminated self-assembly monolayer and photolithography. The synthesis route is readily extended to prepare LDH arrays on the SO3(-)-terminated polymer-bonded glass substrate amenable for cell imaging. The anion-exchangeable MgAl-LDH micropattern can act both as bioadhesive region for selective cell adhesion and as nanocarrier for drug molecules to regulate cell behaviors. Quantitative analysis of cell adhesion shows that selective HepG2 cell adhesion and spreading are promoted by the micropatterned MgAl-LDH, and also suppressed by methotrexate drug released from the LDH interlayer galleries.

The Mall

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-10-27

This archival image was released as part of a gallery comparing JPL's past and present, commemorating the 80th anniversary of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory on Oct. 31, 2016. This photograph from 1971 shows the open-air gathering area at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory known as "The Mall." It looks east towards the Applied Mechanics building (the blocky white building now numbered 157). The person in the foreground is Robert Steinbacher, the project scientist for the Mariner 9 mission to Mars. The concrete bridge crossing the ponds remains, even though the ponds have been removed. Many trees and another building, the Central Engineering Building (301), block the view to Building 157 now. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA21125

Ophiostomatoid fungi associated with conifer-infesting beetles and their phoretic mites in Yunnan, China

PubMed Central

Chang, Runlei; Duong, Tuan A.; Taerum, Stephen J.; Wingfield, Michael J.; Zhou, Xudong; de Beer, Z. Wilhelm

2017-01-01

Abstract The Ophiostomatales is an Ascomycete order of fungi that accommodates several tree pathogens and many species that degrade wood. These fungi are commonly vectored by Scolytine bark and ambrosia beetles. In recent years it has also been shown that hyperphoretic mites on these beetles can vector some Ophiostomatales. Little is known regarding the Ophiostomatales in China and we have consequently explored the diversity of these fungi associated with conifer-infesting beetles and mites in Yunnan province. Galleries and beetles were collected for 17 beetle species, while 13 mite species were obtained from six of these beetle species. Collectively, 340 fungal isolates were obtained, 45 from beetles, 184 from mites, 56 from galleries and 55 isolates where the specific niche was not clear. DNA sequences for five gene regions (ITS, LSU, BT, EF, and CAL) were determined for fungal isolates representing different morphological groups. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the presence of 19 fungal taxa, including five novel species described here as Ophiostoma acarorum sp. nov., Ophiostoma brevipilosi sp. nov., Graphilbum kesiyae sp. nov., Graphilbum puerense sp. nov., and Leptographium ningerense sp. nov. Ophiostoma ips was the most frequently isolated species, representing approximately 31% of all isolates. Six of 19 taxa were present on mites, beetles and in the galleries of the beetles, while three species were found on mites and galleries. Two species were found only on mites and one species only on a beetle. Although the numbers of beetles and mites were insufficient to provide statistical inferences, this study confirmed that mites are important vectors of the Ophiostomatales in China. We hypothesize that these mites are most likely responsible for horizontal transfer of fungal species between galleries of different beetle species. The fact that half of the fungal species found were new to science, suggests that the forests of east Asia include many undescribed Ophiostomatales yet to be discovered. PMID:29559821

Ultra-high Q terahertz whispering-gallery modes in a silicon resonator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vogt, Dominik Walter; Leonhardt, Rainer

2018-05-01

We report on the first experimental demonstration of terahertz (THz) whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) with an ultra-high quality factor of 1.5 × 104 at 0.62 THz. The WGMs are observed in a high resistivity float zone silicon spherical resonator coupled to a sub-wavelength silica waveguide. A detailed analysis of the coherent continuous wave THz spectroscopy measurements combined with a numerical model based on Mie-Debye-Aden-Kerker theory allows us to unambiguously identify the observed higher order radial THz WGMs.

Resonant Optical Circuits Based on Coupling Between Whispering Gallery Modes in Dielectric Microresonators

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-12-30

111111 (2006). 2. S.P. Ashili , V.N. Astratov, and E.C.H. Sykes, “The effects of inter-cavity separation on optical coupling in dielectric bispheres...chains of coupled spherical cavities,” Opt. Lett. 32, 409-411 (2007). 4. V.N. Astratov, and S.P. Ashili , “Percolation of light through whispering...Propagation via Whispering Gallery Modes in 3-D Networks of Coupled Spherical Cavities (Talk), V.N. Astratov, S.P. Ashili , and A.M. Kapitonov, in Frontiers in

Real-time detection and analysis of Whispering gallery mode resonance in high-throughput flowing monodisperse microdroplets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

El Abed, Abdel I.; Taly, Valérie

2013-11-01

We investigate light coupling into highly monodisperse liquid microdroplets, which are produced and manipulated at kHz rates in a microfluidic device. We show that such coupling leads to Whispering gallery mode resonances (WGMs) which are detected and analyzed versus time during the fast displacement of microdroplets into the microfluidic channel. Our results show that droplet-based microfluidics may be applied advantageously in the promising field of high-throughput label-free biosensing.

A&M. TAN607. Interior view of operating gallery in hot shop. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

A&M. TAN-607. Interior view of operating gallery in hot shop. Shielded viewing windows are along right side of corridor. Cabinet on wheels at left of corridor is operating console for hot shop manipulators. When in use, it is stationed at window station and connected to appropriate control cables. note reserve bottles of zinc bromide above each station. Date: January 3, 1955. INEEL negative no. 55-0072 - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Test Area North, Scoville, Butte County, ID

Whispering gallery mode photoemission from self-assembled poly-para-phenylenevinylene microspheres

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kushida, Soh; Yamamoto, Yohei; Braam, Daniel

2015-12-31

Poly[2-methoxy-5-(3,7-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MDMOPPV) self-assembles to form well-defined spheres with several micrometers in diameter upon addition of a methanol vapor into a chloroform solution of MDMOPPV. The single sphere of MDMOPPV with 5.7 µm diameter exhibits whispering gallery mode (WGM) photoemission upon excitation with focused laser beam. The periodic emission lines are characterized by transverse electric and magnetic WGMs, and Q-factor reaches ∼345 at the highest.

29. At 1050 Gallery, Block 12, two centrifugal pumps, Buffalo ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

29. At 1050 Gallery, Block 12, two centrifugal pumps, Buffalo Pumps, Buffalo, NY, driven by Allis Chalmers motors (size 3 HSO, head 230, 120 cpm, 1750, rpm, Impulse dia. 15) installed in the 1960s and used for water-cooling system for 230-kv cable; the cables have been removed and the pumps are not currently used. - Columbia Basin Project, Grand Coulee Dam & Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake, Across Columbia River, Southeast of Town of Grand Coulee, Grand Coulee, Grant County, WA

Comparison of raised-microdisk whispering-gallery-mode characterization techniques.

PubMed

Redding, Brandon; Marchena, Elton; Creazzo, Tim; Shi, Shouyuan; Prather, Dennis W

2010-04-01

We compare the two prevailing raised-microdisk whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) characterization techniques, one based on coupling emission to a tapered fiber and the other based on collecting emission in the far field. We applied both techniques to study WGMs in Si nanocrystal raised microdisks and observed dramatically different behavior. We explain this difference in terms of the radiative bending loss on which the far-field collection technique relies and discuss the regimes of operation in which each technique is appropriate.

Victorian era esthetic and restorative dentistry: an advertising trade card gallery.

PubMed

Croll, Theodore P; Swanson, Ben Z

2006-01-01

A chief means of print advertising in the Victorian era was the "trade card." Innumerable products, companies, and services were highlighted on colorful chromolithographic trade cards, and these became desirable collectible objects which were pasted into scrapbooks and enjoyed by many families. Dentistry- and oral health-related subjects were often depicted on Victorian trade cards, and esthetic and restorative dentistry themes were featured. This review describes the history of advertising trade cards and offers a photographic gallery of dentistry-related cards of the era.

Tunable Filter Made From Three Coupled WGM Resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Savchenkov, Anatoliy; Iltchenko, Vladimir; Maleki, Lute; Matsko, Andrey

2006-01-01

A tunable third-order band-pass optical filter has been constructed as an assembly of three coupled, tunable, whispering-gallery-mode resonators similar to the one described in Whispering-Gallery-Mode Tunable Narrow-Band-Pass Filter (NPO-30896), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 28, No. 4 (April 2004), page 5a. This filter offers a combination of four characteristics that are desirable for potential applications in photonics: (1) wide real-time tunability accompanied by a high-order filter function, (2) narrowness of the passband, (3) relatively low loss between input and output coupling optical fibers, and (4) a sparse spectrum. In contrast, prior tunable band-pass optical filters have exhibited, at most, two of these four characteristics. As described in several prior NASA Tech Briefs articles, a whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) resonator is a spheroidal, disklike, or toroidal body made of a highly transparent material. It is so named because it is designed to exploit whispering-gallery electromagnetic modes, which are waveguide modes that propagate circumferentially and are concentrated in a narrow toroidal region centered on the equatorial plane and located near the outermost edge. Figure 1 depicts the optical layout of the present filter comprising an assembly of three coupled, tunable WGM resonators. Each WGM resonator is made from a disk of Z-cut LiNbO3 of 3.3-mm diameter and 50-m thickness. The perimeter of the disk is polished and rounded to a radius of curvature of 40 microns. The free spectral range of each WGM resonator is about 13.3 GHz. Gold coats on the flat faces of the disk serve as electrodes for exploiting the electro-optical effect in LiNbO3 for tuning. There is no metal coat on the rounded perimeter region, where the whispering-gallery modes propagate. Light is coupled from an input optical fiber into the whispering-gallery-modes of the first WGM resonator by means of a diamond prism. Another diamond prism is used to couple light from the whispering-gallery-modes of the third WGM resonator to an output optical fiber. The filter operates at a nominal wavelength of 1,550 nm and can be tuned over a frequency range of plus or minus 12 GHz by applying a potential in the range of plus or minus 150 V to the electrodes. The insertion loss (the loss between the input and output coupling optical fibers) was found to be repeatable at 6 dB. The resonance quality factor (Q) of the main sequence of resonator modes was found to be 5 x 10(exp 6), which corresponds to a bandwidth of 30 MHz. The filter can be shifted from one operating frequency to another within a tuning time less than or equal to 30 micro seconds. The transmission curve of the filter at frequencies near the middle of the passband closely approximates a theoretical third-order Butterworth filter profile, as shown in Figure 2.

Contact microspherical nanoscopy: from fundamentals to biomedical applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Astratov, V. N.; Maslov, A. V.; Brettin, A.; Blanchette, K. F.; Nesmelov, Y. E.; Limberopoulos, N. I.; Walker, D. E.; Urbas, A. M.

2017-02-01

The mechanisms of super-resolution imaging by contact microspherical or microcylindrical nanoscopy remain an enigmatic question since these lenses neither have an ability to amplify the near-fields like in the case of far-field superlens, nor they have a hyperbolic dispersion similar to hyperlenses. In this work, we present results along two lines. First, we performed numerical modeling of super-resolution properties of two-dimensional (2-D) circular lens in the limit of wavelength-scale diameters, λ <= D <= 2λ, and relatively high indices of refraction, n=2. Our preliminary results on imaging point dipoles indicate that the resolution is generally close to λ/4 however on resonance with whispering gallery modes it may be slightly higher. Second, experimentally, we used actin protein filaments for the resolution quantification in microspherical nanoscopy. The critical feature of our approach is based on using arrayed cladding layer with strong localized surface plasmon resonances. This layer is used for enhancing plasmonic near-field illumination of our objects. In combination with the magnification of virtual image, this technique resulted in the lateral resolution of actin protein filaments on the order of λ/7.

Evaluation of a Localized Treatment Technique Using Three Ready-to-Use Products Against the Drywood Termite Incisitermes snyderi (Kalotermitidae) in Naturally Infested Lumber

PubMed Central

Hickman, Robert; Forschler, Brian T.

2012-01-01

Twenty-one boards infested with drywood termites were examined for activity using a Termatrac® motion detector. Termite galleries were identified using a Resistograph drill and treated with one of three ready-to-use (RTU) products. Results indicated that the Termatrac was excellent at locating termite activity but provided 9.5% false negatives. The Resistograph located termite galleries with an average of 4.6 ± 2.7 holes drilled to find at least one gallery in a board. Treatments included three formulations and two active ingredients; a foam (imidacloprid), a dry (fipronil) and an experimental formulation in a pressurized can (fipronil). All treatments provided evidence for a reduction in mean termite populations per board compared to the control. Two treatments provided evidence of elimination of infestation but no formulation eliminated infestations in every board that was treated. The concept of local treatment for drywood termite control is discussed relative to our results. PMID:26467947

The Art Gallery Test: A Preliminary Comparison between Traditional Neuropsychological and Ecological VR-Based Tests.

PubMed

Gamito, Pedro; Oliveira, Jorge; Alghazzawi, Daniyal; Fardoun, Habib; Rosa, Pedro; Sousa, Tatiana; Maia, Ines; Morais, Diogo; Lopes, Paulo; Brito, Rodrigo

2017-01-01

Ecological validity should be the cornerstone of any assessment of cognitive functioning. For this purpose, we have developed a preliminary study to test the Art Gallery Test (AGT) as an alternative to traditional neuropsychological testing. The AGT involves three visual search subtests displayed in a virtual reality (VR) art gallery, designed to assess visual attention within an ecologically valid setting. To evaluate the relation between AGT and standard neuropsychological assessment scales, data were collected on a normative sample of healthy adults ( n = 30). The measures consisted of concurrent paper-and-pencil neuropsychological measures [Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), and Color Trails Test (CTT)] along with the outcomes from the three subtests of the AGT. The results showed significant correlations between the AGT subtests describing different visual search exercises strategies with global and specific cognitive measures. Comparative visual search was associated with attention and cognitive flexibility (CTT); whereas visual searches involving pictograms correlated with global cognitive function (MoCA).

Interfacing whispering-gallery microresonators and free space light with cavity enhanced Rayleigh scattering

PubMed Central

Zhu, Jiangang; Özdemir, Şahin K.; Yilmaz, Huzeyfe; Peng, Bo; Dong, Mark; Tomes, Matthew; Carmon, Tal; Yang, Lan

2014-01-01

Whispering gallery mode resonators (WGMRs) take advantage of strong light confinement and long photon lifetime for applications in sensing, optomechanics, microlasers and quantum optics. However, their rotational symmetry and low radiation loss impede energy exchange between WGMs and the surrounding. As a result, free-space coupling of light into and from WGMRs is very challenging. In previous schemes, resonators are intentionally deformed to break circular symmetry to enable free-space coupling of carefully aligned focused light, which comes with bulky size and alignment issues that hinder the realization of compact WGMR applications. Here, we report a new class of nanocouplers based on cavity enhanced Rayleigh scattering from nano-scatterer(s) on resonator surface, and demonstrate whispering gallery microlaser by free-space optical pumping of an Ytterbium doped silica microtoroid via the scatterers. This new scheme will not only expand the range of applications enabled by WGMRs, but also provide a possible route to integrate them into solar powered green photonics. PMID:25227918

Interfacing whispering-gallery microresonators and free space light with cavity enhanced Rayleigh scattering.

PubMed

Zhu, Jiangang; Özdemir, Sahin K; Yilmaz, Huzeyfe; Peng, Bo; Dong, Mark; Tomes, Matthew; Carmon, Tal; Yang, Lan

2014-09-17

Whispering gallery mode resonators (WGMRs) take advantage of strong light confinement and long photon lifetime for applications in sensing, optomechanics, microlasers and quantum optics. However, their rotational symmetry and low radiation loss impede energy exchange between WGMs and the surrounding. As a result, free-space coupling of light into and from WGMRs is very challenging. In previous schemes, resonators are intentionally deformed to break circular symmetry to enable free-space coupling of carefully aligned focused light, which comes with bulky size and alignment issues that hinder the realization of compact WGMR applications. Here, we report a new class of nanocouplers based on cavity enhanced Rayleigh scattering from nano-scatterer(s) on resonator surface, and demonstrate whispering gallery microlaser by free-space optical pumping of an Ytterbium doped silica microtoroid via the scatterers. This new scheme will not only expand the range of applications enabled by WGMRs, but also provide a possible route to integrate them into solar powered green photonics.

Castiglione (Oletta, Corsica): relationships between phenomena of calcification and tectonic fossiliferous fracture dating

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pereira, Elisabeth; Rouzaud, François; Salotti, Michelle; Dubois, Jean-Noël; Ferrandini, Jean; Ottaviani-Spella, Marie-Madeleine; Quinif, Yves

Six cavities have been discovered in the Oletta massif. The massif, today constitued of Schistes lustrés with several metres of calcareous layers above them, has undergone intense fracturing. The networks of cavities are organised along north-south and subequatorial directions, and form a narrow bayonnet-network. All the elements in the galleries appear to be karstic: stalagmites, stalactites and calcitic deposits along the walls; but no trace of dissolution or excavation was found. Thus, the origin of the galleries is only tectonic, while the calcitic deposits result from the dissolution of the old, thick calcareous layers above, which are no longer present. The thickness and the volume of the calcitic deposits, which is variable depending on the galleries, indicates the chronology of the different tectonic periods which have fractured the massif. Five tectonic and successsive events have been detected. Calcitic datings confirm the timing of successional fracturing, indicating also the variable age of the fossiliferous Middle Pleistocene deposits found in these cavities.

Interglacial Extension of the Boreal Forest Limit in the Noatak Valley, Northwest Alaska: Evidence from an Exhumed River-Cut Bluff and Debris Apron

USGS Publications Warehouse

Edwards, M.E.; Hamilton, T.D.; Elias, S.A.; Bigelow, N.H.; Krumhardt, A.P.

2003-01-01

Numerous exposures of Pleistocene sediments occur in the Noatak basin, which extends for 130 km along the Noatak River in northwestern Alaska. Nk-37, an extensive bluff exposure near the west end of the basin, contains a record of at least three glacial advances separated by interglacial and interstadial deposits. An ancient river-cut bluff and associated debris apron is exposed in profile through the central part of Nk-37. The debris apron contains a rich biotic record and represents part of an interglaciation that is probably assignable to marine-isotope stage 5. Pollen spectra from the lower part of the debris apron closely resemble modern samples taken from the Noatak floodplain in spruce gallery forest, and macrofossils of spruce are also present at this level. Fossil bark beetles and carpenter ants occur higher in the debris apron. Mutual Climatic Range (MCR) estimates from the fossil beetles suggest temperatures similar to or warmer than today. Together, these fossils indicate the presence of an interglacial spruce forest in the western part of the Noatak Basin, which lies about 80 km upstream of the modern limit of spruce forest.

Sapphire Whispering Gallery Thermometer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Strouse, G. F.

2007-12-01

An innovative sapphire whispering gallery thermometer (SWGT) is being explored at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as a potential replacement for a standard platinum resistance thermometer (SPRT) for industrial applications that require measurement uncertainties of ≤ 10 mK. The NIST SWGT uses a synthetic sapphire monocrystalline disk configured as a uniaxial, dielectric resonator with whispering gallery modes between 14 GHz and 20 GHz and with Q-factors as large as 90,000. The prototype SWGT stability at the ice melting point (0°C) is ≤ 1 mK with a frequency resolution equivalent to 0.05 mK. The prototype SWGT measurement uncertainty ( k= 1) is 10 mK from 0°C to 100°C for all five resonance modes studied. These results for the SWGT approach the capabilities of industrial resistance thermometers. The SWGT promises greatly increased resistance to mechanical shock relative to SPRTs, over the range from -196°C to 500°C while retaining the low uncertainties needed by secondary calibration laboratories. The temperature sensitivity of the SWGT depends upon a well-defined property (the refractive index at microwave frequencies) and the thermal expansion of a pure material. Therefore, it is expected that SWGTs can be calibrated over a wide temperature range using a reference function, along with deviations measured at a few fixed points. This article reports the prototype SWGT stability, resolution, repeatability, and the temperature dependence of five whispering gallery resonance frequencies in the range from 0°C to 100°C.

Molecular dynamics simulation of thermomechanical properties of montmorillonite crystal. 3. montmorillonite crystals with PEO oligomer intercalates.

PubMed

Mazo, Mikhail A; Manevitch, Leonid I; Gusarova, Elena B; Shamaev, Mikhail Yu; Berlin, Alexander A; Balabaev, Nikolay K; Rutledge, Gregory C

2008-03-27

We present the results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of the structure and thermomechanical behavior of Wyoming-type Na+-montmorillonite (MMT) with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) oligomer intercalates. Periodic boundary conditions in all three directions and simulation cells containing two MMT lamellae [Si248Al8][Al112Mg16]O640[OH]128 oriented parallel to the XY-plane were used. The interlamellar space, or gallery, between neighboring MMT lamellae was populated by 24 Na+ counterions and PEO macromolecules of different lengths, ranging from 2 up to 240 repeat units. We considered three different loadings of PEO within the gallery: 80, 160, and 240 repeat units, corresponding to 13, 23, and 31 wt % PEO based on total mass of the nanocomposite, respectively. In the cases of 13 and 23 wt %, the polymer chains formed one or two well-defined amorphous layers with interlayer distances of 1.35 and 1.8 nm, respectively. We have observed also formation of a wider monolayer gallery with interlayer distances of 1.6 nm. Three-layer PEO films formed in the case of 31 wt % loading. The thermal properties were analyzed over the range 300-400 K, and the isothermal linear compressibility, transversal moduli, and shear moduli were calculated at 300 K. These properties are compared with the results of our simulation of thermal and mechanical properties of MMT crystal with galleries filled by one or two water layers as well as with those of an isolated clay nanoplate.

Statistical Image Properties in Large Subsets of Traditional Art, Bad Art, and Abstract Art

PubMed Central

Redies, Christoph; Brachmann, Anselm

2017-01-01

Several statistical image properties have been associated with large subsets of traditional visual artworks. Here, we investigate some of these properties in three categories of art that differ in artistic claim and prestige: (1) Traditional art of different cultural origin from established museums and art collections (oil paintings and graphic art of Western provenance, Islamic book illustration and Chinese paintings), (2) Bad Art from two museums that collect contemporary artworks of lesser importance (© Museum Of Bad Art [MOBA], Somerville, and Official Bad Art Museum of Art [OBAMA], Seattle), and (3) twentieth century abstract art of Western provenance from two prestigious museums (Tate Gallery and Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen). We measured the following four statistical image properties: the fractal dimension (a measure relating to subjective complexity); self-similarity (a measure of how much the sections of an image resemble the image as a whole), 1st-order entropy of edge orientations (a measure of how uniformly different orientations are represented in an image); and 2nd-order entropy of edge orientations (a measure of how independent edge orientations are across an image). As shown previously, traditional artworks of different styles share similar values for these measures. The values for Bad Art and twentieth century abstract art show a considerable overlap with those of traditional art, but we also identified numerous examples of Bad Art and abstract art that deviate from traditional art. By measuring statistical image properties, we quantify such differences in image composition for the first time. PMID:29118692

Statistical Image Properties in Large Subsets of Traditional Art, Bad Art, and Abstract Art.

PubMed

Redies, Christoph; Brachmann, Anselm

2017-01-01

Several statistical image properties have been associated with large subsets of traditional visual artworks. Here, we investigate some of these properties in three categories of art that differ in artistic claim and prestige: (1) Traditional art of different cultural origin from established museums and art collections (oil paintings and graphic art of Western provenance, Islamic book illustration and Chinese paintings), (2) Bad Art from two museums that collect contemporary artworks of lesser importance (© Museum Of Bad Art [MOBA], Somerville, and Official Bad Art Museum of Art [OBAMA], Seattle), and (3) twentieth century abstract art of Western provenance from two prestigious museums (Tate Gallery and Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen). We measured the following four statistical image properties: the fractal dimension (a measure relating to subjective complexity); self-similarity (a measure of how much the sections of an image resemble the image as a whole), 1st-order entropy of edge orientations (a measure of how uniformly different orientations are represented in an image); and 2nd-order entropy of edge orientations (a measure of how independent edge orientations are across an image). As shown previously, traditional artworks of different styles share similar values for these measures. The values for Bad Art and twentieth century abstract art show a considerable overlap with those of traditional art, but we also identified numerous examples of Bad Art and abstract art that deviate from traditional art. By measuring statistical image properties, we quantify such differences in image composition for the first time.

Surface Degassing Rates of Carbon Dioxide, Helium and Hydrogen at Tenerife, Canary Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Salazar, P.; Morales, A.; Lima, R.; Castro, L.; Galindo, I.; Salazar, J.; Hernandez, P.; Perez, N.

2001-12-01

Tenerife is the largest island of the Canarian archipelago (2,034 Km2), and its most recent eruption took place along the NW rift-zone in 1909, Chinyero volcano. Water supply is mainly obtained from its ground water reservoir which is reached by thousands of well and galleries. Some galleries showed an enriched-CO2 inner atmosphere because of a continuous magmatic degassing process, which is also affecting the ground water chemistry. Gas emission studies through galleries could provide a 3-D picture of the degassing model for Tenerife. An in situ method was applied for measuring CO2, He and H2 fluxes from a horizontal drilling "gallery" by means of a tracer gas method. Methane (99.995%) was applied as a tracer and injected into the gallery "Fuente del Valle" at known flow, 38 mL/min. Well mixed gas and tracer were regularly analyzed, every 5 minutes, by means of a VARIAN 2002P microGC from April 27 to May 2, 2000. CO2 and CH4 measurements were performed by means of a 10 m Poraplot Q column at 40° C, a TCD, and He as gas carrier. He, Ne and H2 measurements were analyzed by means of a 20 m high resolution Molecular Sieve 5Å column at 60° C, a TCD, and Ar as gas carrier. (CH4)gas/(CH4)air ratio was >1000 during this experiment. CO2 concentrations seem to be affected by short-term meteorological fluctuations and showed a range from 23 to 30%. An strong correlation is observed between CO2 content and He/Ne ratios, which ranged from 0.320 to 0.390. CO2 flux ranged from 1.5 to 5.5 Kg/d showing an average of 2.9 +/- 0.7 Kg/d. Secular variations of CO2 flux showed regularly peak levels almost every 12 hours. Assuming that a number of 100 galleries at Tenerife might release this level of CO2, the island subsurface degassing rate of CO2 could account for 300 Kg/d. Observed He flux ranged 2.8 to 9.0 mg/d showing an average of 5.0 +/- 1.2 mg/d. In the case of H2, flux levels ranged from 2.5 to 7.0 mg/d showing an average of 4.5 +/- 0.9 mg/d. Subsurface degassing rate monitoring could be a potential geochemical tool for seismic-volcanic surveillance at Tenerife.

Building a SuAVE browse interface to R2R's Linked Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Clark, D.; Stocks, K. I.; Arko, R. A.; Zaslavsky, I.; Whitenack, T.

2017-12-01

The Rolling Deck to Repository program (R2R) is creating and evaluating a new browse portal based on the SuAVE platform and the R2R linked data graph. R2R manages the underway sensor data collected by the fleet of US academic research vessels, and provides a discovery and access point to those data at its website, www.rvdata.us. R2R has a database-driven search interface, but seeks a more capable and extensible browse interface that could be built off of the substantial R2R linked data resources. R2R's Linked Data graph organizes its data holdings around key concepts (e.g. cruise, vessel, device type, operator, award, organization, publication), anchored by persistent identifiers where feasible. The "Survey Analysis via Visual Exploration" or SuAVE platform (suave.sdsc.edu) is a system for online publication, sharing, and analysis of images and metadata. It has been implemented as an interface to diverse data collections, but has not been driven off of linked data in the past. SuAVE supports several features of interest to R2R, including faceted searching, collaborative annotations, efficient subsetting, Google maps-like navigation over an image gallery, and several types of data analysis. Our initial SuAVE-based implementation was through a CSV export from the R2R PostGIS-enabled PostgreSQL database. This served to demonstrate the utility of SuAVE but was static and required reloading as R2R data holdings grew. We are now working to implement a SPARQL-based ("RDF Query Language") service that directly leverages the R2R Linked Data graph and offers the ability to subset and/or customize output.We will show examples of SuAVE faceted searches on R2R linked data concepts, and discuss our experience to date with this work in progress.

Whispering gallery modes in two-photon fluorescence from spherical DCM dye microresonators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mamonov, Evgeniy A.; Maydykovskiy, Anton I.; Mitetelo, Nikolai V.; Venkatakrishnarao, Dasari; Chandrasekar, Rajadurai; Murzina, Tatyana V.

2018-03-01

Organic microstructures are well known for their resonator properties, which bring about whispering gallery mode (WGM) excitation. Here we report on experimental evidence of the WGM in the two-photon fluorescence (TPF) of DCM dye microspheres made using the self-assembly method. The WGM excitation accompanying the overall TPF in the spectral range from 530\\div640 nm demonstrated a quality factor of approximately 102 for spheres that were several microns in diameter. The power dependence of the TPF intensity proved the second order nature of the interaction process involved.

Lamping process and application of ultra small U-shaped, whispery gallery mode (WGM) based optic fiber sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chang, Yuan Cheng; Chiang, Chia Chin

2015-07-01

This study success to smaller and control the diameter of single mode optical fiber whispery gallery mode (WGM) to diameter 0.8 mm nonetching and nontaping treated. The sensitivity of this type ultra-small U-shape WGM strengthens neither etching nor taping fibre. The sensitivity we apply to thermo test depends on wavelength shift from 40 ~ 96°C (R2 = 0.99 ). The specially characteristics of the optical fiber could be tested for temperature, refraction, vibration, concussion, and CO2 detection.

Second-harmonic generation using tailored whispering gallery modes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dumeige, Yannick; Feron, Patrice

It has been shown that whispering gallery modes can be used to obtain a combination of modal and geometrical quasi-phase-matching in second-harmonic generation. This could be achieved in isotropic, nonferroelectric, strongly dispersive and highly nonlinear materials such as III-V semiconductors. Unfortunately the poor overlap between the second-harmonic field and second order nonlinear polarization limits the conversion efficiency. In this paper we show that by engineering the refractive index it is possible to increase field overlap and to enhance effective second order nonlinear polarization of semiconductor microdisks.

Optical apparatus for conversion of whispering-gallery modes into a free space gaussian like beam

DOEpatents

Stallard, Barry W.; Makowski, Michael A.; Byers, Jack A.

1992-01-01

An optical converter for efficient conversion of millimeter wavelength whispering-gallery gyrotron output into a linearly polarized, free-space Gaussian-like beam. The converter uses a mode-converting taper and three mirror optics. The first mirror has an azimuthal tilt to eliminate the k.sub..phi. component of the propagation vector of the gyrotron output beam. The second mirror has a twist reflector to linearly polarize the beam. The third mirror has a constant phase surface so the converter output is in phase.

Method of fabricating a whispering gallery mode resonator

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Savchenkov, Anatoliy A. (Inventor); Matkso, Andrey B. (Inventor); Iltchenko, Vladimir S. (Inventor); Maleki, Lute (Inventor)

2011-01-01

A method of fabricating a whispering gallery mode resonator (WGMR) is provided. The WGMR can be fabricated from a particular material, annealed, and then polished. The WGMR can be repeatedly annealed and then polished. The repeated polishing of the WGMR can be carried out using an abrasive slurry. The abrasive slurry can have a predetermined, constant grain size. Each subsequent polishing of the WGMR can use an abrasive slurry having a grain size that is smaller than the grain size of the abrasive slurry of the previous polishing iteration.

Mode conversion in a tapered fiber via a whispering gallery mode resonator and its application as add/drop filter.

PubMed

Huang, Ligang; Wang, Jie; Peng, Weihua; Zhang, Wending; Bo, Fang; Yu, Xuanyi; Gao, Feng; Chang, Pengfa; Song, Xiaobo; Zhang, Guoquan; Xu, Jingjun

2016-02-01

Based on the conversion between the fundamental mode (LP01) and the higher-order mode (LP11) in a tapered fiber via a whispering gallery mode resonator, an add/drop filter was proposed and demonstrated experimentally, in which the resonator only interacted with one tapered fiber, rather than two tapered fibers as in conventional configurations. The filter gains advantages of easy alignment and low scattering loss over the other filters based on tapered fiber and resonator, and will be useful in application.

Controlled assembly of organic whispering-gallery-mode microlasers as highly sensitive chemical vapor sensors.

PubMed

Gao, Miaomiao; Wei, Cong; Lin, Xianqing; Liu, Yuan; Hu, Fengqin; Zhao, Yong Sheng

2017-03-09

We demonstrate the fabrication of organic high Q active whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) resonators from π-conjugated polymer by a controlled emulsion-solvent-evaporation method, which can simultaneously provide optical gain and act as an effective resonant cavity. By measuring the shift of their lasing modes on exposure to organic vapor, we successfully monitored the slight concentration variation in the chemical gas. These microlaser sensors demonstrated high detection sensitivity and good signal repeatability under continuous chemical gas treatments. The results offer an effective strategy to design miniaturized optical sensors.

Testing Lorentz and C P T invariance with ultracold neutrons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martín-Ruiz, A.; Escobar, C. A.

2018-05-01

In this paper we investigate, within the standard model extension framework, the influence of Lorentz- and C P T -violating terms on gravitational quantum states of ultracold neutrons. Using a semiclassical wave packet, we derive the effective nonrelativistic Hamiltonian which describes the neutrons vertical motion by averaging the contributions from the perpendicular coordinates to the free falling axis. We compute the physical implications of the Lorentz- and C P T -violating terms on the spectra. The comparison of our results with those obtained in the GRANIT experiment leads to an upper bound for the symmetries-violation cμν n coefficients. We find that ultracold neutrons are sensitive to the ain and ein coefficients, which thus far are unbounded by experiments in the neutron sector. We propose two additional problems involving ultracold neutrons which could be relevant for improving our current bounds; namely, gravity-resonance spectroscopy and neutron whispering gallery wave.

Virtual MR arthroscopy of the shoulder: image gallery with arthroscopic correlation of major pathologies in shoulder instability.

PubMed

Stecco, A; Volpe, D; Volpe, N; Fornara, P; Castagna, A; Carriero, A

2008-12-01

The purpose of this study was to compare virtual MR arthroscopic reconstructions with arthroscopic images in patients affected by shoulder joint instability. MR arthrography (MR-AR) of the shoulder is now a well-assessed technique, based on the injection of a contrast medium solution, which fills the articular space and finds its way between the rotator cuff (RC) and the glenohumeral ligaments. In patients with glenolabral pathology, we used an additional sequence that provided virtual arthroscopy (VA) post-processed views, which completed the MR evaluation of shoulder pathology. We enrolled 36 patients, from whom MR arthrographic sequence data (SE T1w and GRE T1 FAT SAT) were obtained using a GE 0.5 T Signa--before any surgical or arthroscopic planned treatment; the protocol included a supplemental 3D, spoiled GE T1w positioned in the coronal plane. Dedicated software loaded on a work-station was used to elaborate VAs. Two radiologists evaluated, on a semiquantitative scale, the visibility of the principal anatomic structures, and then, in consensus, the pathology emerging from the VA images. These images were reconstructed in all patients, except one. The visualization of all anatomical structures was acceptable. VA and MR arthrographic images were fairly concordant with intraoperative findings. Although in our pilot study the VA findings did not change the surgical planning, the results showed concordance with the surgical or arthroscopic images.

Principal components technique analysis for vegetation and land use discrimination. [Brazilian cerrados

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Parada, N. D. J. (Principal Investigator); Formaggio, A. R.; Dossantos, J. R.; Dias, L. A. V.

1984-01-01

Automatic pre-processing technique called Principal Components (PRINCO) in analyzing LANDSAT digitized data, for land use and vegetation cover, on the Brazilian cerrados was evaluated. The chosen pilot area, 223/67 of MSS/LANDSAT 3, was classified on a GE Image-100 System, through a maximum-likehood algorithm (MAXVER). The same procedure was applied to the PRINCO treated image. PRINCO consists of a linear transformation performed on the original bands, in order to eliminate the information redundancy of the LANDSAT channels. After PRINCO only two channels were used thus reducing computer effort. The original channels and the PRINCO channels grey levels for the five identified classes (grassland, "cerrado", burned areas, anthropic areas, and gallery forest) were obtained through the MAXVER algorithm. This algorithm also presented the average performance for both cases. In order to evaluate the results, the Jeffreys-Matusita distance (JM-distance) between classes was computed. The classification matrix, obtained through MAXVER, after a PRINCO pre-processing, showed approximately the same average performance in the classes separability.

Advanced imaging systems for diagnostic investigations applied to Cultural Heritage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peccenini, E.; Albertin, F.; Bettuzzi, M.; Brancaccio, R.; Casali, F.; Morigi, M. P.; Petrucci, F.

2014-12-01

The diagnostic investigations are an important resource in the studies on Cultural Heritage to enhance the knowledge on execution techniques, materials and conservation status of a work of art. In this field, due to the great historical and artistic value of the objects, preservation is the main concern; for this reason, new technological equipment has been designed and developed in the Physics Departments of the Universities of Ferrara and Bologna to enhance the non-invasive approach to the study of pictorial artworks and other objects of cultural interest. Infrared (IR) reflectography, X-ray radiography and computed tomography (CT), applied to works of art, are joined by the same goal: to get hidden information on execution techniques and inner structure pursuing the non-invasiveness of the methods, although using different setup and physical principles. In this work transportable imaging systems to investigate large objects in museums and galleries are presented. In particular, 2D scanning devices for IR reflectography and X-ray radiography, CT systems and some applications to the Cultural Heritage are described.

Imaging oxygen distribution in marine sediments. The importance of bioturbation and sediment heterogeneity.

PubMed

Pischedda, L; Poggiale, J C; Cuny, P; Gilbert, F

2008-06-01

The influence of sediment oxygen heterogeneity, due to bioturbation, on diffusive oxygen flux was investigated. Laboratory experiments were carried out with 3 macrobenthic species presenting different bioturbation behaviour patterns: the polychaetes Nereis diversicolor and Nereis virens, both constructing ventilated galleries in the sediment column, and the gastropod Cyclope neritea, a burrowing species which does not build any structure. Oxygen two-dimensional distribution in sediments was quantified by means of the optical planar optode technique. Diffusive oxygen fluxes (mean and integrated) and a variability index were calculated on the captured oxygen images. All species increased sediment oxygen heterogeneity compared to the controls without animals. This was particularly noticeable with the polychaetes because of the construction of more or less complex burrows. Integrated diffusive oxygen flux increased with oxygen heterogeneity due to the production of interface available for solute exchanges between overlying water and sediments. This work shows that sediment heterogeneity is an important feature of the control of oxygen exchanges at the sediment-water interface.

Spirituality as a universal concept: student experience of learning about spirituality through the medium of art.

PubMed

Mooney, Bróna; Timmins, Fiona

2007-09-01

Precise definitions of spirituality can be elusive (McSherry, 2000). This factor together with the increasing class sizes for undergraduate nursing students render the teaching and learning of spirituality in nursing a challenge for both lecturers and students alike (McSherry, 2000). This paper reports on the design, delivery and evaluation of an innovative spirituality program for second year nursing students attending a Bachelor of Science degree at a university in the Republic of Ireland. This teaching program was introduced in 2005 to enhance nursing students' engagement with the concept of spirituality. The program consisted of a series of lectures on the topic, followed by a visit to the National Gallery of Ireland. The latter involved a structured visit, whereby the students (n=100) were divided into ten small groups and asked to wander through a section of the gallery and choose a piece of art work that they perceived to be spiritual in nature. Students were then asked to write their subjective impressions and reasons for their choice of painting. A list of themes related to spirituality was provided to the students as a prompt. Students later visited the paintings with both a lecturer and an art gallery guide and their chosen paintings were discussed within the group. Later that day, purposive sampling was used, whereby a selection of nursing students participating in the Gallery visit (n=21) partook in four recorded focus group interviews following the Gallery visit. Themes emerging from the interviews pertained to the universal and individual nature of spirituality. In keeping with Mc Sherry's (2000:27) definition of spirituality as a "universal concept relevant to all individuals", students in the study revealed their surprise at the uniqueness of their colleague's interpretations. The teaching methodology offered them an opportunity to reflect upon their own understandings and develop a deeper awareness of the meaning of spirituality. It also allowed many of them to understand how spirituality transcends traditional religions and permitted many of them to verbalize their feelings on spirituality for the first time.

Anisotropy of electrical conductivity of the excavation damaged zone in the Mont Terri Underground Rock Laboratory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nicollin, Florence; Gibert, Dominique; Lesparre, Nolwenn; Nussbaum, Christophe

2010-04-01

Electrical resistivity measurements were performed to characterize the anisotropy of electrical resistivity of the excavation damaged zone (EDZ) at the end-face of a gallery in the Opalinus clay of the Mont Terri Underground Rock Laboratory (URL). The data were acquired with a combination of square arrays in 18 zones on the gallery's face and in two series of four boreholes perpendicular to the face. Each data set is independently inverted using simulated annealing to recover the resistivity tensor. Both the stability and the non-uniqueness of the inverse problem are discussed with synthetic examples. The inversion of the data shows that the face is split in two domains separated by a tectonic fracture, with different resistivity values but with a common orientation. The direction of the maximum resistivity is found perpendicular to the bedding plane, and the direction of minimum resistivity is contained in the face's plane. These results show that the geo-electrical structure of the EDZ is controlled by a combination of effects due to tectonics, stratigraphy, and recent fracturing produced by the excavation of the gallery.

Visitor circulation and nonhuman animal welfare: an overlooked variable?

PubMed

Davey, Gareth; Henzi, Peter

2004-01-01

This article investigates visitor circulation and behaviors within a gallery of primate exhibits in relation to their possible implications for nonhuman animal welfare. When entering a primate house, the majority of visitors (84%) turned right, a pattern upheld throughout all times of the day. These findings demonstrate the existence of the "right-turn" principle, a concept previously identified and investigated in the museum setting. The existence of this circulation pattern in zoos has important implications for the practical management of animal welfare issues because unbalanced or large numbers of visitors at specific enclosures could present a stressful influence. The "direction bias" could not be attributed to demographic or behavioral traits, therefore suggesting that the principle, like similar findings from museum research, generalizes across visitor populations and, therefore, zoos. A visitor sample at another exhibit (located outside the exhibit gallery) did not display a direction bias, suggesting that the marked circulation pattern may be specific to exhibit galleries. The article discusses the significance and consequences of visitor circulation with respect to visitor management and animal welfare.

Observation of defect-assisted enhanced visible whispering gallery modes in ytterbium-doped ZnO microsphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khanum, Rizwana; Moirangthem, Rakesh S.; Das, Nayan Mani

2017-06-01

Smooth surfaced and crystalline undoped and ytterbium doped zinc oxide (ZnO) microspheres having an approximate size of 3-5 μm were synthesized by hydrothermal process. Out of these microspheres, a single microparticle was chosen and engaged as a whispering gallery wave microresonator. The defect induced luminescence from an individual ZnO microsphere was investigated with micro-photoluminescence measurement in the spectral range of 565 to 740 nm under the excitation of a green laser having a centered wavelength at 532 nm. The defects-related emissions from a single ZnO microsphere show optical resonance peaks so-called "whispering gallery modes" (WGMs) which are confirmed with the theoretical calculation. Further, ZnO microspheres were chemically doped with the different molar percentages of Ytterbium (Yb), and enhancement in their emission properties was investigated. Our experimental results show that ZnO microspheres with 0.5 mol. % doping of Yb gives the strongest optical emission and has highest Q-factor which can be employed in the development of WGM based optical biosensor or laser.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Han, Yong; Lii-Rosales, A.; Zhou, Y.

Theory and stochastic lattice-gas modeling is developed for the formation of intercalated metal islands in the gallery between the top layer and the underlying layer at the surface of layered materials. Our model for this process involves deposition of atoms, some fraction of which then enter the gallery through well-separated pointlike defects in the top layer. Subsequently, these atoms diffuse within the subsurface gallery leading to nucleation and growth of intercalated islands nearby the defect point source. For the case of a single point defect, continuum diffusion equation analysis provides insight into the nucleation kinetics. However, complementary tailored lattice-gas modelingmore » produces a more comprehensive and quantitative characterization. We analyze the large spread in nucleation times and positions relative to the defect for the first nucleated island. We also consider the formation of subsequent islands and the evolution of island growth shapes. The shapes reflect in part our natural adoption of a hexagonal close-packed island structure. As a result, motivation and support for the model is provided by scanning tunneling microscopy observations of the formation of intercalated metal islands in highly-ordered pyrolytic graphite at higher temperatures.« less

Estimation of m.w.e (meter water equivalent) depth of the salt mine of Slanic Prahova, Romania

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mitrica, B.; Margineanu, R.; Stoica, S.

2010-11-24

A new mobile detector was developed in IFIN-HH, Romania, for measuring muon flux at surface and in underground. The measurements have been performed in the salt mines of Slanic Prahova, Romania. The muon flux was determined for 2 different galleries of the Slanic mine at different depths. In order to test the stability of the method, also measurements of the muon flux at surface at different altitudes were performed. Based on the results, the depth of the 2 galleries was established at 610 and 790 m.w.e. respectively.

Distribution, diversity, mesonotal morphology, gallery architecture, and queen physogastry of the termite genus Calcaritermes (Isoptera, Kalotermitidae)

PubMed Central

Scheffrahn, Rudolf H.

2011-01-01

Abstract An updated New World distribution of the genus Calcaritermes is given along with photographs and a key to the New World species outside Mexico. Calcaritermes recessifrons is found to be a junior synonym of Calcaritermes nigriceps. Except for Calcaritermes temnocephalus, pseudergates of the other seven studied Calcaritermes species possess a mesonotal rasp. The rasps suggest a role in propagation of microbes on gallery surfaces and microbial infusion below the wood surface. Calcaritermes temoncephalus is shown to have an unusually large physogastric queens for a kalotermitid and several species produce large eggs. PMID:22287890

High-Q enhancement of attractive and repulsive optical forces between coupled whispering-gallery- mode resonators.

PubMed

Povinelli, Michelle; Johnson, Steven; Lonèar, Marko; Ibanescu, Mihai; Smythe, Elizabeth; Capasso, Federico; Joannopoulos, J

2005-10-03

We have calculated the optically-induced force between coupled high-Q whispering gallery modes of microsphere resonators. Attractive and repulsive forces are found, depending whether the bi-sphere mode is symmetric or antisymmetric. The magnitude of the force is linearly proportional to the total power in the spheres and consequently linearly enhanced by Q. Forces on the order of 100 nN are found for Q=108, large enough to cause displacements in the range of 1mum when the sphere is attached to a fiber stem with spring constant 0.004 N/m.

Whispering gallery effect in relativistic optics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abe, Y.; Law, K. F. F.; Korneev, Ph.; Fujioka, S.; Kojima, S.; Lee, S.-H.; Sakata, S.; Matsuo, K.; Oshima, A.; Morace, A.; Arikawa, Y.; Yogo, A.; Nakai, M.; Norimatsu, T.; d'Humières, E.; Santos, J. J.; Kondo, K.; Sunahara, A.; Gus'kov, S.; Tikhonchuk, V.

2018-03-01

relativistic laser pulse, confined in a cylindrical-like target, under specific conditions may perform multiple scattering along the internal target surface. This results in the confinement of the laser light, leading to a very efficient interaction. The demonstrated propagation of the laser pulse along the curved surface is just yet another example of the "whispering gallery" effect, although nonideal due to laser-plasma coupling. In the relativistic domain its important feature is a gradual intensity decrease, leading to changes in the interaction conditions. The proccess may pronounce itself in plenty of physical phenomena, including very efficient electron acceleration and generation of relativistic magnetized plasma structures.

Whispering-Gallery-Mode Resonances: A New Way to Accelerate Charged Particles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Żakowicz, Władysław

2005-09-01

Looking for future high energy accelerators we point at a very strong interaction between relativistic electrons and powerful electromagnetic fields existing in the vicinity of a dielectric cylinder in conditions of resonantly excited whispering gallery modes (WGM). A particular example of the WGM resonance, corresponding to angular index n=22, shows that the accelerating fields are almost 100 times stronger than these in the incident wave. That yields an acceleration rate of about 5GeV/m with the incident microwave radiation beam of the wavelength λ=1cm and a moderately high intensity of P=1MW/cm2.

THz Pyro-Optical Detector Based on LiNbO3 Whispering Gallery Mode Microdisc Resonator

PubMed Central

Cosci, Alessandro; Cerminara, Matteo; Nunzi Conti, Gualtiero; Soria, Silvia; Righini, Giancarlo C.; Pelli, Stefano

2017-01-01

This study analyzes the capabilities of a LiNbO3 whispering gallery mode microdisc resonator as a potential bolometer detector in the THz range. The resonator is theoretically characterized in the stationary regime by its thermo-optic and thermal coefficients. Considering a Q-factor of 107, a minimum detectable power of 20 μW was evaluated, three orders of magnitude above its noise equivalent power. This value opens up the feasibility of exploiting LiNbO3 disc resonators as sensitive room-temperature detectors in the THz range. PMID:28134857

Hybrid systems of AlInP microdisks and colloidal CdSe nanocrystals showing whispering-gallery modes at room temperature

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Strelow, Christian; Weising, Simon; Bonatz, Dennis

2014-09-01

We report on the realization of hybrid systems composed of passive optical microdisk resonators prepared from epitaxial layer systems and nanocrystal quantum emitters synthesized by colloidal chemistry. The AlInP disk material allows for the operation in the visible range, as probed by CdSe-based nanocrystals. Photoluminescence spectra at room temperature reveal sets of whispering-gallery modes consistent with finite-difference time-domain simulations. In the experiments, a special sample geometry renders it possible to detect resonant optical modes perpendicular to the disk plane.

Infrared light detection using a whispering-gallery-mode optical microcavity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhu, Jiangang, E-mail: jzhu@seas.wustl.edu, E-mail: ozdemir@seas.wustl.edu, E-mail: yang@seas.wustl.edu; Ozdemir, Sahin Kaya, E-mail: jzhu@seas.wustl.edu, E-mail: ozdemir@seas.wustl.edu, E-mail: yang@seas.wustl.edu; Yang, Lan, E-mail: jzhu@seas.wustl.edu, E-mail: ozdemir@seas.wustl.edu, E-mail: yang@seas.wustl.edu

2014-04-28

We demonstrate a thermal infrared (IR) detector based on an ultra-high-quality-factor (Q) whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microtoroidal silica resonator and investigate its performance to detect IR radiation at 10 μm wavelength. The bandwidth and the sensitivity of the detector are dependent on the power of a probe laser and the detuning between the probe laser and the resonance frequency of the resonator. The microtoroid IR sensor achieved a noise-equivalent-power (NEP) of 7.46 nW, corresponding to an IR intensity of 0.095 mW/cm{sup 2}.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zubov, F. I.; Kryzhanovskaya, N. V.; Moiseev, E. I.

The spectral, threshold, and power characteristics of a microdisk laser 31 μm in diameter with an active region based on InAs/InGaAs quantum dots, operating in the continuous-wave (cw) mode at room temperature are studied. The minimum threshold current density is 0.58 kA/cm{sup 2}, the subthreshold linewidth of the whispering-gallery mode is 50 pm at a wavelength lying in the range of 1.26–1.27 μm. The total power emitted into free space reaches ~0.1 mW in the cw mode, whereas the radiation power of the whispering-gallery modes is ~2.8%.

Sparse Feature Extraction for Pose-Tolerant Face Recognition.

PubMed

Abiantun, Ramzi; Prabhu, Utsav; Savvides, Marios

2014-10-01

Automatic face recognition performance has been steadily improving over years of research, however it remains significantly affected by a number of factors such as illumination, pose, expression, resolution and other factors that can impact matching scores. The focus of this paper is the pose problem which remains largely overlooked in most real-world applications. Specifically, we focus on one-to-one matching scenarios where a query face image of a random pose is matched against a set of gallery images. We propose a method that relies on two fundamental components: (a) A 3D modeling step to geometrically correct the viewpoint of the face. For this purpose, we extend a recent technique for efficient synthesis of 3D face models called 3D Generic Elastic Model. (b) A sparse feature extraction step using subspace modeling and ℓ1-minimization to induce pose-tolerance in coefficient space. This in return enables the synthesis of an equivalent frontal-looking face, which can be used towards recognition. We show significant performance improvements in verification rates compared to commercial matchers, and also demonstrate the resilience of the proposed method with respect to degrading input quality. We find that the proposed technique is able to match non-frontal images to other non-frontal images of varying angles.

Automated Recognition of Geologically Significant Shapes in MER PANCAM and MI Images

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morris, Robert; Shipman, Mark; Roush, Ted L.

2004-01-01

Autonomous recognition of scientifically important information provides the capability of: 1) Prioritizing data return; 2) Intelligent data compression; 3) Reactive behavior onboard robotic vehicles. Such capabilities are desirable as mission scenarios include longer durations with decreasing interaction from mission control. To address such issues, we have implemented several computer algorithms, intended to autonomously recognize morphological shapes of scientific interest within a software architecture envisioned for future rover missions. Mars Exploration Rovers (MER) instrument payloads include a Panoramic Camera (PANCAM) and Microscopic Imager (MI). These provide a unique opportunity to evaluate our algorithms when applied to data obtained from the surface of Mars. Early in the mission we applied our algorithms to images available at the mission web site (http://marsrovers.jpl.nasa.gov/gallery/images.html), even though these are not at full resolution. Some algorithms would normally use ancillary information, e.g. camera pointing and position of the sun, but these data were not readily available. The initial results of applying our algorithms to the PANCAM and MI images are encouraging. The horizon is recognized in all images containing it; such information could be used to eliminate unwanted areas from the image prior to data transmission to Earth. Additionally, several rocks were identified that represent targets for the mini-thermal emission spectrometer. Our algorithms also recognize the layers, identified by mission scientists. Such information could be used to prioritize data return or in a decision-making process regarding future rover activities. The spherules seen in MI images were also autonomously recognized. Our results indicate that reliable recognition of scientifically relevant morphologies in images is feasible.

Super-Resolution Person Re-Identification With Semi-Coupled Low-Rank Discriminant Dictionary Learning.

PubMed

Jing, Xiao-Yuan; Zhu, Xiaoke; Wu, Fei; Hu, Ruimin; You, Xinge; Wang, Yunhong; Feng, Hui; Yang, Jing-Yu

2017-03-01

Person re-identification has been widely studied due to its importance in surveillance and forensics applications. In practice, gallery images are high resolution (HR), while probe images are usually low resolution (LR) in the identification scenarios with large variation of illumination, weather, or quality of cameras. Person re-identification in this kind of scenarios, which we call super-resolution (SR) person re-identification, has not been well studied. In this paper, we propose a semi-coupled low-rank discriminant dictionary learning (SLD 2 L) approach for SR person re-identification task. With the HR and LR dictionary pair and mapping matrices learned from the features of HR and LR training images, SLD 2 L can convert the features of the LR probe images into HR features. To ensure that the converted features have favorable discriminative capability and the learned dictionaries can well characterize intrinsic feature spaces of the HR and LR images, we design a discriminant term and a low-rank regularization term for SLD 2 L. Moreover, considering that low resolution results in different degrees of loss for different types of visual appearance features, we propose a multi-view SLD 2 L (MVSLD 2 L) approach, which can learn the type-specific dictionary pair and mappings for each type of feature. Experimental results on multiple publicly available data sets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approaches for the SR person re-identification task.

[A sarcophagus with a surprise: computed tomography of a mummy from the Late Period of ancient Egypt].

PubMed

Isidro, Albert; Díez-Santacoloma, Iván; Bagot, Jaume; Milla, Lidón; Gallart, Anna

2016-01-01

Diagnostic imaging techniques, at present especially computed tomography (CT), have become the most important noninvasive method for the study of mummies because they enable high resolution images and three-dimensional reconstructions without damaging the mummified subject. We present a sarcophagus with a mummy hidden inside that was acquired by a gallery in Barcelona. The sarcophagus and mummy were examined by CT at the Hospital Universitari Sagrat Cor in Barcelona. A flexible clamp was used to obtain tissue samples for further study. The results showed the presence of an anatomically intact female human subject albeit with a destructured thorax and upper abdomen. Various metal objects were detected, corresponding to amulets, artificial eyes, and an external wooden brace. CT is an excellent noninvasive imaging technique for the detailed study of mummies, as it enables not only the anatomic identification of the mummified subject but also the obtainment of tissue samples for complementary analyses. The description of these findings enables us to know the major radiologic landmarks for the paleopathologic study of mummies. Copyright © 2015 SERAM. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Clouds off the Aleutian Islands

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-12-08

March 23, 2010 - Clouds off the Aleutian Islands Interesting cloud patterns were visible over the Aleutian Islands in this image, captured by the MODIS on the Aqua satellite on March 14, 2010. Turbulence, caused by the wind passing over the highest points of the islands, is producing the pronounced eddies that swirl the clouds into a pattern called a vortex "street". In this image, the clouds have also aligned in parallel rows or streets. Cloud streets form when low-level winds move between and over obstacles causing the clouds to line up into rows (much like streets) that match the direction of the winds. At the point where the clouds first form streets, they're very narrow and well-defined. But as they age, they lose their definition, and begin to spread out and rejoin each other into a larger cloud mass. The Aleutians are a chain of islands that extend from Alaska toward the Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia. For more information related to this image go to: modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/individual.php?db_date=2010-0... For more information about Goddard Space Flight Center go here: www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/home/index.html

Earth Observations taken by the Expedition 10 crew

NASA Image and Video Library

2005-04-01

ISS010-E-22273 (1 April 2005) --- Palm Island Resort, Dubai, United Arab Emirates is featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 10 crewmember on the International Space Station. Palm Island is a resort under construction on reclaimed land silhouetted against the dark waters of Dubai’s Persian Gulf coast. Advertised as "being visible from the Moon," this man-made palm-shaped structure displays 17 huge fronds framed by a 12-kilometer protective barrier. When completed, the resort will sport 2000 villas, 40 luxury hotels, shopping centers, cinemas, and other facilities. An earlier handheld image from 2003 shows the outline of the palm nearing completion (link to http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/images/station/crew-6/html/iss006e35516.html). Two years later, the palm appears in all its glory to passing space travelers. It has so far required over 50 million cubic meters of sand to raise it above the sea surface. Palm Island is the last of three major developments designed to transform the Dubai coastline into a major coastal metropolitan area and destination. When completed, the resort is expected to support a population of approximately 500,000 people.

Semi-Supervised Sparse Representation Based Classification for Face Recognition With Insufficient Labeled Samples

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gao, Yuan; Ma, Jiayi; Yuille, Alan L.

2017-05-01

This paper addresses the problem of face recognition when there is only few, or even only a single, labeled examples of the face that we wish to recognize. Moreover, these examples are typically corrupted by nuisance variables, both linear (i.e., additive nuisance variables such as bad lighting, wearing of glasses) and non-linear (i.e., non-additive pixel-wise nuisance variables such as expression changes). The small number of labeled examples means that it is hard to remove these nuisance variables between the training and testing faces to obtain good recognition performance. To address the problem we propose a method called Semi-Supervised Sparse Representation based Classification (S$^3$RC). This is based on recent work on sparsity where faces are represented in terms of two dictionaries: a gallery dictionary consisting of one or more examples of each person, and a variation dictionary representing linear nuisance variables (e.g., different lighting conditions, different glasses). The main idea is that (i) we use the variation dictionary to characterize the linear nuisance variables via the sparsity framework, then (ii) prototype face images are estimated as a gallery dictionary via a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), with mixed labeled and unlabeled samples in a semi-supervised manner, to deal with the non-linear nuisance variations between labeled and unlabeled samples. We have done experiments with insufficient labeled samples, even when there is only a single labeled sample per person. Our results on the AR, Multi-PIE, CAS-PEAL, and LFW databases demonstrate that the proposed method is able to deliver significantly improved performance over existing methods.

Continuous-Wave Operation of a Frequency-Tunable 460-GHz Second-Harmonic Gyrotron for Enhanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

PubMed Central

Torrezan, Antonio C.; Han, Seong-Tae; Mastovsky, Ivan; Shapiro, Michael A.; Sirigiri, Jagadishwar R.; Temkin, Richard J.; Griffin, Robert G.; Barnes, Alexander B.

2012-01-01

The design, operation, and characterization of a continuous-wave (CW) tunable second-harmonic 460-GHz gyrotron are reported. The gyrotron is intended to be used as a submillimeter-wave source for 700-MHz nuclear magnetic resonance experiments with sensitivity enhanced by dynamic nuclear polarization. The gyrotron operates in the whispering-gallery mode TE11,2 and has generated 16 W of output power with a 13-kV 100-mA electron beam. The start oscillation current measured over a range of magnetic field values is in good agreement with theoretical start currents obtained from linear theory for successive high-order axial modes TE11,2,q. The minimum start current is 27 mA. Power and frequency tuning measurements as a function of the electron cyclotron frequency have also been carried out. A smooth frequency tuning range of 1 GHz was obtained for the operating second-harmonic mode either by magnetic field tuning or beam voltage tuning. Long-term CW operation was evaluated during an uninterrupted period of 48 h, where the gyrotron output power and frequency were kept stable to within ±0.7% and ±6 ppm, respectively, by a computerized control system. Proper operation of an internal quasi-optical mode converter implemented to transform the operating whispering-gallery mode to a Gaussian-like beam was also verified. Based on the images of the gyrotron output beam taken with a pyroelectric camera, the Gaussian-like mode content of the output beam was computed to be 92% with an ellipticity of 12%. PMID:23761938

Continuous-Wave Operation of a Frequency-Tunable 460-GHz Second-Harmonic Gyrotron for Enhanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

PubMed Central

Torrezan, Antonio C.; Han, Seong-Tae; Mastovsky, Ivan; Shapiro, Michael A.; Sirigiri, Jagadishwar R.; Temkin, Richard J.; Barnes, Alexander B.; Griffin, Robert G.

2011-01-01

The design, operation, and characterization of a continuous-wave (CW) tunable second-harmonic 460-GHz gyrotron are reported. The gyrotron is intended to be used as a submillimeter-wave source for 700-MHz nuclear magnetic resonance experiments with sensitivity enhanced by dynamic nuclear polarization. The gyrotron operates in the whispering-gallery mode TE11,2 and has generated 16 W of output power with a 13-kV 100-mA electron beam. The start oscillation current measured over a range of magnetic field values is in good agreement with theoretical start currents obtained from linear theory for successive high-order axial modes TE11,2,q. The minimum start current is 27 mA. Power and frequency tuning measurements as a function of the electron cyclotron frequency have also been carried out. A smooth frequency tuning range of 1 GHz was obtained for the operating second-harmonic mode either by magnetic field tuning or beam voltage tuning. Long-term CW operation was evaluated during an uninterrupted period of 48 h, where the gyrotron output power and frequency were kept stable to within ±0.7% and ±6 ppm, respectively, by a computerized control system. Proper operation of an internal quasi-optical mode converter implemented to transform the operating whispering-gallery mode to a Gaussian-like beam was also verified. Based on the images of the gyrotron output beam taken with a pyroelectric camera, the Gaussian-like mode content of the output beam was computed to be 92% with an ellipticity of 12%. PMID:21243088

Discovery of a big void in Khufu's Pyramid by observation of cosmic-ray muons.

PubMed

Morishima, Kunihiro; Kuno, Mitsuaki; Nishio, Akira; Kitagawa, Nobuko; Manabe, Yuta; Moto, Masaki; Takasaki, Fumihiko; Fujii, Hirofumi; Satoh, Kotaro; Kodama, Hideyo; Hayashi, Kohei; Odaka, Shigeru; Procureur, Sébastien; Attié, David; Bouteille, Simon; Calvet, Denis; Filosa, Christopher; Magnier, Patrick; Mandjavidze, Irakli; Riallot, Marc; Marini, Benoit; Gable, Pierre; Date, Yoshikatsu; Sugiura, Makiko; Elshayeb, Yasser; Elnady, Tamer; Ezzy, Mustapha; Guerriero, Emmanuel; Steiger, Vincent; Serikoff, Nicolas; Mouret, Jean-Baptiste; Charlès, Bernard; Helal, Hany; Tayoubi, Mehdi

2017-12-21

The Great Pyramid, or Khufu's Pyramid, was built on the Giza plateau in Egypt during the fourth dynasty by the pharaoh Khufu (Cheops), who reigned from 2509 bc to 2483 bc. Despite being one of the oldest and largest monuments on Earth, there is no consensus about how it was built. To understand its internal structure better, we imaged the pyramid using muons, which are by-products of cosmic rays that are only partially absorbed by stone. The resulting cosmic-ray muon radiography allows us to visualize the known and any unknown voids in the pyramid in a non-invasive way. Here we report the discovery of a large void (with a cross-section similar to that of the Grand Gallery and a minimum length of 30 metres) situated above the Grand Gallery. This constitutes the first major inner structure found in the Great Pyramid since the nineteenth century. The void, named ScanPyramids' Big Void, was first observed with nuclear emulsion films installed in the Queen's chamber, then confirmed with scintillator hodoscopes set up in the same chamber and finally re-confirmed with gas detectors outside the pyramid. This large void has therefore been detected with high confidence by three different muon detection technologies and three independent analyses. These results constitute a breakthrough for the understanding of the internal structure of Khufu's Pyramid. Although there is currently no information about the intended purpose of this void, these findings show how modern particle physics can shed new light on the world's archaeological heritage.

Black Holes Traveling Exhibition: This Time, It's Personal.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dussault, Mary E.; Braswell, E. L.; Sunbury, S.; Wasser, M.; Gould, R. R.

2012-01-01

How can you make a topic as abstract as black holes seem relevant to the life of the average museum visitor? In 2009, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics developed a 2500 square foot interactive museum exhibition, "Black Holes: Space Warps & Time Twists,” with funding from the National Science Foundation and NASA. The exhibition has been visited by more than a quarter million museum-goers, and is about to open in its sixth venue at the Reuben H. Fleet Science Center in San Diego, California. We have found that encouraging visitors to adopt a custom black hole explorer's identity can help to make the science of black holes more accessible and meaningful. The Black Holes exhibition uses networked exhibit technology that serves to personalize the visitor experience, to support learning over time including beyond the gallery, and to provide a rich quantitative source of embedded evaluation data. Visitors entering the exhibition create their own bar-coded "Black Holes Explorer's Card” which they use throughout the exhibition to collect and record images, movies, their own predictions and conclusions, and other black hole artifacts. This digital database of personal discoveries grows as visitors navigate through the gallery, and an automated web-content authoring system creates a personalized online journal of their experience that they can access once they get home. We report here on new intriguing results gathered from data generated by 112,000 visitors across five different venues. For example, an initial review of the data reveals correlations between visitors’ black hole explorer identity choices and their engagement with the exhibition. We will also discuss correlations between learning gains and personalization.

Discovery of a big void in Khufu’s Pyramid by observation of cosmic-ray muons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Morishima, Kunihiro; Kuno, Mitsuaki; Nishio, Akira; Kitagawa, Nobuko; Manabe, Yuta; Moto, Masaki; Takasaki, Fumihiko; Fujii, Hirofumi; Satoh, Kotaro; Kodama, Hideyo; Hayashi, Kohei; Odaka, Shigeru; Procureur, Sébastien; Attié, David; Bouteille, Simon; Calvet, Denis; Filosa, Christopher; Magnier, Patrick; Mandjavidze, Irakli; Riallot, Marc; Marini, Benoit; Gable, Pierre; Date, Yoshikatsu; Sugiura, Makiko; Elshayeb, Yasser; Elnady, Tamer; Ezzy, Mustapha; Guerriero, Emmanuel; Steiger, Vincent; Serikoff, Nicolas; Mouret, Jean-Baptiste; Charlès, Bernard; Helal, Hany; Tayoubi, Mehdi

2017-12-01

The Great Pyramid, or Khufu’s Pyramid, was built on the Giza plateau in Egypt during the fourth dynasty by the pharaoh Khufu (Cheops), who reigned from 2509 BC to 2483 BC. Despite being one of the oldest and largest monuments on Earth, there is no consensus about how it was built. To understand its internal structure better, we imaged the pyramid using muons, which are by-products of cosmic rays that are only partially absorbed by stone. The resulting cosmic-ray muon radiography allows us to visualize the known and any unknown voids in the pyramid in a non-invasive way. Here we report the discovery of a large void (with a cross-section similar to that of the Grand Gallery and a minimum length of 30 metres) situated above the Grand Gallery. This constitutes the first major inner structure found in the Great Pyramid since the nineteenth century. The void, named ScanPyramids’ Big Void, was first observed with nuclear emulsion films installed in the Queen’s chamber, then confirmed with scintillator hodoscopes set up in the same chamber and finally re-confirmed with gas detectors outside the pyramid. This large void has therefore been detected with high confidence by three different muon detection technologies and three independent analyses. These results constitute a breakthrough for the understanding of the internal structure of Khufu’s Pyramid. Although there is currently no information about the intended purpose of this void, these findings show how modern particle physics can shed new light on the world’s archaeological heritage.

Improving Novice Radiology Trainees' Perception Using Fine Art.

PubMed

Goodman, Thomas Rob; Kelleher, Michael

2017-10-01

To determine if fine art perception training improved performance in novice radiology trainees. On the first day of their residency, 15 radiology residents underwent a basic radiology perception test in which they were shown 15 different radiographs that each had a significant abnormality. This was followed by a focused session of interpretation training at a local art gallery where art experts taught the trainees how to thoroughly analyze a painting. After this fine art session, the residents were once again shown 15 different radiographs and asked, in the same manner as before, to identify the location of the abnormality. The results of both radiograph assessments were then compared. The 15 residents correctly identified the areas of abnormality on 35 of 225 cases pre-art training with a mean score of 2.33 and a SD of 1.4. After art training, the figure for correctly identifying the area of abnormality rose to 94 of 225 cases with a mean score of 6.27 and a SD of 1.79 (P < .0001). The implementation of a focused teaching session on perception improved first-year residents' ability to localize imaging abnormalities. This improvement was significant (P < .0001). Most errors in radiology occur due to failures of perception rather than failures to correctly interpret a finding and, as such, it behooves the profession to ensure that perception training is adequately addressed as part of a radiology training curriculum. Using an art gallery may be a novel, effective transitional starting point for novice radiology trainees. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Crafting glass vessels: current research on the ancient glass collections in the Freer Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nagel, Alexander; McCarthy, Blythe; Bowe, Stacy

Our knowledge of glass production in ancient Egypt has been well augmented by the publication of recently excavated materials and glass workshops, but also by more recent materials analysis, and experiments of modern glass-makers attempting to reconstruct the production process of thin-walled coreformed glass vessels. From the mounting of a prefabricated core to the final glass product our understanding of this profession has much improved. The small but well preserved glass collection of the Freer Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. is a valid tool for examining and studying the technology and production of ancient Egyptian core formed glass vessels. Charles Lang Freer (1854-1919) acquired most of the material from Giovanni Dattari in Cairo in 1909. Previously the glass had received only limited discussion, suggesting that most of these vessels were produced in the 18th Dynasty in the 15th and 14th centuries BCE, while others date from the Hellenistic period and later. In an ongoing project we conducted computed radiography in conjunction with qualitative x-ray fluorescence analysis on a selected group of vessels to understand further aspects of the ancient production process. This paper will provide an overview of our recent research and present our data-gathering process and preliminary results. How can the examinations of core formed glass vessels in the Freer Gallery contribute to our understanding of ancient glass production and technology? By focusing on new ways of looking at old assumptions using the Freer Gallery glass collections, we hope to increase understanding of the challenges of the production process of core-vessel technology as represented by these vessels.

Can we match ultraviolet face images against their visible counterparts?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Narang, Neeru; Bourlai, Thirimachos; Hornak, Lawrence A.

2015-05-01

In law enforcement and security applications, the acquisition of face images is critical in producing key trace evidence for the successful identification of potential threats. However, face recognition (FR) for face images captured using different camera sensors, and under variable illumination conditions, and expressions is very challenging. In this paper, we investigate the advantages and limitations of the heterogeneous problem of matching ultra violet (from 100 nm to 400 nm in wavelength) or UV, face images against their visible (VIS) counterparts, when all face images are captured under controlled conditions. The contributions of our work are three-fold; (i) We used a camera sensor designed with the capability to acquire UV images at short-ranges, and generated a dual-band (VIS and UV) database that is composed of multiple, full frontal, face images of 50 subjects. Two sessions were collected that span over the period of 2 months. (ii) For each dataset, we determined which set of face image pre-processing algorithms are more suitable for face matching, and, finally, (iii) we determined which FR algorithm better matches cross-band face images, resulting in high rank-1 identification rates. Experimental results show that our cross spectral matching (the heterogeneous problem, where gallery and probe sets consist of face images acquired in different spectral bands) algorithms achieve sufficient identification performance. However, we also conclude that the problem under study, is very challenging, and it requires further investigation to address real-world law enforcement or military applications. To the best of our knowledge, this is first time in the open literature the problem of cross-spectral matching of UV against VIS band face images is being investigated.

Predictive value of magnetic resonance imaging determined tumor contact length for extracapsular extension of prostate cancer.

PubMed

Baco, Eduard; Rud, Erik; Vlatkovic, Ljiljana; Svindland, Aud; Eggesbø, Heidi B; Hung, Andrew J; Matsugasumi, Toru; Bernhard, Jean-Christophe; Gill, Inderbir S; Ukimura, Osamu

2015-02-01

Tumor contact length is defined as the amount of prostate cancer in contact with the prostatic capsule. We evaluated the ability of magnetic resonance imaging determined tumor contact length to predict microscopic extracapsular extension compared to existing predictors of extracapsular extension. We retrospectively analyzed the records of 111 consecutive patients with magnetic resonance imaging/ultrasound fusion targeted, biopsy proven prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy from January 2010 to July 2013. Median patient age was 64 years and median prostate specific antigen was 8.9 ng/ml. Clinical stage was cT1 in 93 cases (84%) and cT2 in 18 (16%). Postoperative pathological analysis confirmed pT2 in 71 patients (64%) and pT3 in 40 (36%). We evaluated 1) in the radical prostatectomy specimen the correlation of microscopic extracapsular extension with pathological cancer volume, pathological tumor contact length and Gleason score, 2) the correlation between microscopic extracapsular extension and magnetic resonance imaging tumor contact length, and 3) the ability of preoperative variables to predict microscopic extracapsular extension. Logistic regression analysis revealed that pathological tumor contact length correlated better with microscopic extracapsular extension than the predictive power of pathological cancer volume (0.821 vs 0.685). The Spearman correlation between pathological and magnetic resonance imaging tumor contact length was r = 0.839 (p <0.0001). ROC AUC analysis revealed that magnetic resonance imaging tumor contact length outperformed cancer core involvement on targeted biopsy and the Partin tables to predict microscopic extracapsular extension (0.88 vs 0.70 and 0.63, respectively). At a magnetic resonance imaging tumor contact length threshold of 20 mm the accuracy for diagnosing microscopic extracapsular extension was superior to that of conventional magnetic resonance imaging criteria (82% vs 67%, p = 0.015). We developed a predicted probability plot curve of extracapsular extension according to magnetic resonance imaging tumor contact length. Magnetic resonance imaging determined tumor contact length could be a promising quantitative predictor of microscopic extracapsular extension. Copyright © 2015 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

2.5D multi-view gait recognition based on point cloud registration.

PubMed

Tang, Jin; Luo, Jian; Tjahjadi, Tardi; Gao, Yan

2014-03-28

This paper presents a method for modeling a 2.5-dimensional (2.5D) human body and extracting the gait features for identifying the human subject. To achieve view-invariant gait recognition, a multi-view synthesizing method based on point cloud registration (MVSM) to generate multi-view training galleries is proposed. The concept of a density and curvature-based Color Gait Curvature Image is introduced to map 2.5D data onto a 2D space to enable data dimension reduction by discrete cosine transform and 2D principle component analysis. Gait recognition is achieved via a 2.5D view-invariant gait recognition method based on point cloud registration. Experimental results on the in-house database captured by a Microsoft Kinect camera show a significant performance gain when using MVSM.

Astronomers without borders

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Simmons, Mike

2011-06-01

``Astronomers Without Borders'' is a new global organisational dedicated to furthering understanding and goodwill across national and cultural boundaries using the universal appeal of astronomy and space science. A growing network of affiliate organisations brings together clubs, magazines and other organizations involved in astronomy and space science. Forums, galleries, video conferences and other interactive technologies are used to connect participants around the world. Sharing of resources and direct connections through travel programs are also planned. One project, ``The World at Night'' (TWAN), has become an Special Project of IYA2009. TWAN creates wide-angle images of the night sky in important natural and historic settings around the world, dramatically demonstrating the universal nature and appeal of the night sky. ``Astronomers Without Borders'' is also a leader of the 100 Hours of Astronomy IYA2009 Global Cornerstone Project.

Heterogeneous sharpness for cross-spectral face recognition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cao, Zhicheng; Schmid, Natalia A.

2017-05-01

Matching images acquired in different electromagnetic bands remains a challenging problem. An example of this type of comparison is matching active or passive infrared (IR) against a gallery of visible face images, known as cross-spectral face recognition. Among many unsolved issues is the one of quality disparity of the heterogeneous images. Images acquired in different spectral bands are of unequal image quality due to distinct imaging mechanism, standoff distances, or imaging environment, etc. To reduce the effect of quality disparity on the recognition performance, one can manipulate images to either improve the quality of poor-quality images or to degrade the high-quality images to the level of the quality of their heterogeneous counterparts. To estimate the level of discrepancy in quality of two heterogeneous images a quality metric such as image sharpness is needed. It provides a guidance in how much quality improvement or degradation is appropriate. In this work we consider sharpness as a relative measure of heterogeneous image quality. We propose a generalized definition of sharpness by first achieving image quality parity and then finding and building a relationship between the image quality of two heterogeneous images. Therefore, the new sharpness metric is named heterogeneous sharpness. Image quality parity is achieved by experimentally finding the optimal cross-spectral face recognition performance where quality of the heterogeneous images is varied using a Gaussian smoothing function with different standard deviation. This relationship is established using two models; one of them involves a regression model and the other involves a neural network. To train, test and validate the model, we use composite operators developed in our lab to extract features from heterogeneous face images and use the sharpness metric to evaluate the face image quality within each band. Images from three different spectral bands visible light, near infrared, and short-wave infrared are considered in this work. Both error of a regression model and validation error of a neural network are analyzed.

Terahertz imaging systems: a non-invasive technique for the analysis of paintings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fukunaga, K.; Hosako, I.; Duling, I. N., III; Picollo, M.

2009-07-01

Terahertz (THz) imaging is an emerging technique for non-invasive analysis. Since THz waves can penetrate opaque materials, various imaging systems that use THz waves have been developed to detect, for instance, concealed weapons, illegal drugs, and defects in polymer products. The absorption of THz waves by water is extremely strong, and hence, THz waves can be used to monitor the water content in various objects. THz imaging can be performed either by transmission or by reflection of THz waves. In particular, time domain reflection imaging uses THz pulses that propagate in specimens, and in this technique, pulses reflected from the surface and from the internal boundaries of the specimen are detected. In general, the internal structure is observed in crosssectional images obtained using micro-specimens taken from the work that is being analysed. On the other hand, in THz time-domain imaging, a map of the layer of interest can be easily obtained without collecting any samples. When realtime imaging is required, for example, in the investigation of the effect of a solvent or during the monitoring of water content, a THz camera can be used. The first application of THz time-domain imaging in the analysis of a historical tempera masterpiece was performed on the panel painting Polittico di Badia by Giotto, of the permanent collection of the Uffizi Gallery. The results of that analysis revealed that the work is composed of two layers of gypsum, with a canvas between these layers. In the paint layer, gold foils covered by paint were clearly observed, and the consumption or ageing of gold could be estimated by noting the amount of reflection. These results prove that THz imaging can yield useful information for conservation and restoration purposes.

Biosensing operations based on whispering-gallery-mode optical cavities in single 1.0-µm diameter hexagonal GaN microdisks grown by radio-frequency plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kouno, Tetsuya; Sakai, Masaru; Kishino, Katsumi; Hara, Kazuhiko

2016-05-01

Biosensing operations based on a whispering-gallery-mode optical cavity in a single hexagonal GaN microdisk of approximately 1.0 µm diameter were demonstrated here. The sharp resonant peak in the photoluminescence spectrum obtained from the microdisk in aqueous sucrose solution redshifts with a change in sucrose concentration. The results indicate that an extremely small microdisk could be used as an optical transducer for sensing sugar, namely, as a biosensor. Furthermore, we investigate the relationship between the diameter of the microdisk and the sensitivity of the biosensor.

Nanoscale welding aerosol sensing based on whispering gallery modes in a cylindrical silica resonator.

PubMed

Lee, Aram; Mills, Thomas; Xu, Yong

2015-03-23

We report an experimental technique where one uses a standard silica fiber as a cylindrical whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonator to sense airborne nanoscale aerosols produced by electric arc welding. We find that the accumulation of aerosols on the resonator surface induces a measurable red-shift in resonance frequency, and establish an empirical relation that links the magnitude of resonance shift with the amount of aerosol deposition. The WGM quality factors, by contrast, do not decrease significantly, even for samples with a large percentage of surface area covered by aerosols. Our experimental results are discussed and compared with existing literature on WGM-based nanoparticle sensing.

Cascaded Brillouin lasing in monolithic barium fluoride whispering gallery mode resonators

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lin, Guoping, E-mail: guoping.lin@femto-st.fr; Diallo, Souleymane; Saleh, Khaldoun

2014-12-08

We report the observation of stimulated Brillouin scattering and lasing at 1550 nm in barium fluoride (BaF{sub 2}) crystal. Brillouin lasing was achieved with ultra-high quality (Q) factor monolithic whispering gallery mode mm-size disk resonators. Overmoded resonators were specifically used to provide cavity resonances for both the pump and all Brillouin Stokes waves. Single and multiple Brillouin Stokes radiations with frequency shift ranging from 8.2 GHz up to 49 GHz have been generated through cascaded Brillouin lasing. BaF{sub 2} resonator-based Brillouin lasing can find potential applications for high-coherence lasers and microwave photonics.

High quality factor whispering gallery modes from self-assembled hexagonal GaN rods grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy.

PubMed

Tessarek, C; Sarau, G; Kiometzis, M; Christiansen, S

2013-02-11

Self-assembled GaN rods were grown on sapphire by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy using a simple two-step method that relies first on a nitridation step followed by GaN epitaxy. The mask-free rods formed without any additional catalyst. Most of the vertically aligned rods exhibit a regular hexagonal shape with sharp edges and smooth sidewall facets. Cathodo- and microphotoluminescence investigations were carried out on single GaN rods. Whispering gallery modes with quality factors greater than 4000 were measured demonstrating the high morphological and optical quality of the self-assembled GaN rods.

Optimal coupling to high-Q whispering gallery modes with a sub-wavelength metallic grating coupler

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Y.; Gu, B.; Yu, X.; Luan, F.

2015-03-01

Gold grating patterned on the end facet of an optical fiber is able to excite whispering gallery mode (WGM) in a silica microsphere. With a direct pathway of the metal reflection, the coupled WGM is able to superimpose and create an asymmetric Fano resonance. Since multiple resonances are present - the WGM, grating reflection, and a weak Fabry-Perot resonance along the diameter of the sphere - it is difficult to evaluate the power efficiency directly from the measured spectrum. Using temporal coupled-mode theory, a general model is constructed for the end-fire coupling from a grating to a WGM resonator.

Vertically-coupled Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator Optical Waveguide, and Methods

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Matsko, Andrey B. (Inventor); Savchenkov, Anatolly A. (Inventor); Matleki, Lute (Inventor)

2007-01-01

A vertically-coupled whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonator optical waveguide, a method of reducing a group velocity of light, and a method of making a waveguide are provided. The vertically-coupled WGM waveguide comprises a cylindrical rod portion having a round cross-section and an outer surface. First and second ring-shaped resonators are formed on the outer surface of the cylindrical rod portion and are spaced from each other along a longitudinal direction of the cylindrical rod. The first and second ringshaped resonators are capable of being coupled to each other by way an evanescent field formed in an interior of the cylindrical rod portion.

Studies of geometrical profiling in fabricated tapered optical fibers using whispering gallery modes spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kavungal, Vishnu; Farrell, Gerald; Wu, Qiang; Kumar Mallik, Arun; Semenova, Yuliya

2018-03-01

This paper experimentally demonstrates a method for geometrical profiling of asymmetries in fabricated thin microfiber tapers with waist diameters ranging from ∼10 to ∼50 μm with submicron accuracy. The method is based on the analysis of whispering gallery mode resonances excited in cylindrical fiber resonators as a result of evanescent coupling of light propagating through the fiber taper. The submicron accuracy of the proposed method has been verified by SEM studies. The method can be applied as a quality control tool in fabrication of microfiber based devices and sensors or for fine-tuning of microfiber fabrication set-ups.

miRToolsGallery: a tag-based and rankable microRNA bioinformatics resources database portal

PubMed Central

Chen, Liang; Heikkinen, Liisa; Wang, ChangLiang; Yang, Yang; Knott, K Emily

2018-01-01

Abstract Hundreds of bioinformatics tools have been developed for MicroRNA (miRNA) investigations including those used for identification, target prediction, structure and expression profile analysis. However, finding the correct tool for a specific application requires the tedious and laborious process of locating, downloading, testing and validating the appropriate tool from a group of nearly a thousand. In order to facilitate this process, we developed a novel database portal named miRToolsGallery. We constructed the portal by manually curating > 950 miRNA analysis tools and resources. In the portal, a query to locate the appropriate tool is expedited by being searchable, filterable and rankable. The ranking feature is vital to quickly identify and prioritize the more useful from the obscure tools. Tools are ranked via different criteria including the PageRank algorithm, date of publication, number of citations, average of votes and number of publications. miRToolsGallery provides links and data for the comprehensive collection of currently available miRNA tools with a ranking function which can be adjusted using different criteria according to specific requirements. Database URL: http://www.mirtoolsgallery.org PMID:29688355

Sensitivity optimization in whispering gallery mode optical cylindrical biosensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khozeymeh, F.; Razaghi, M.

2018-01-01

Whispering-gallery-mode resonances propagated in cylindrical resonators have two angular and radial orders of l and i. In this work, the higher radial order whispering-gallery-mode resonances, (i = 1 - 4), at a fixed l are examined. The sensitivity of theses resonances is analysed as a function of the structural parameters of the cylindrical resonator like different radii and refractive index of composed material of the resonator. A practical application where cylindrical resonators are used for the measurement of glucose concentration in water is presented as a biosensor demonstrator. We calculate the wavelength shifts of the WG1-4, in several glucose/water solutions, with concentrations spanning from 0.0% to 9.0.% (weight/weight). Improved sensitivity can be achieved using multi-WGM cylindrical resonators with radius of R = 100 μm and resonator composed material of MgF 2 with refractive index of nc = 1.38. Also the effect of polarization on sensitivity is considered for all four WGMs. The best sensitivity of 83.07 nm/RIU for the fourth WGM with transverse magnetic polarization, is reported. These results propose optimized parameters aimed to fast designing of cylindrical resonators as optical biosensors, where both the sensitivity and the geometries can be optimized.

Integrated fountain effect pump device for fluid management at low gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yuan, S. W. K.; Frank, D. J.

1988-02-01

To transfer He II in space, the supply tank must be drained at low gravity. Conventional capillary devices such as the gallery system make use of the capillary retention capability of the screens for fluid management. Liquid helium is collected into gallery channels and then conveyed to the downstream fountain effect pump (FEP) or mechanical pump. In this Paper, a new fluid management device is proposed. The screens along the gallery channels are replaced by porous plugs which are responsible for both the fluid retention and pumping (by mechanical effect) of He II. No downstream pump is needed. The plugs in contact with liquid helium on both sides act as FEPs, and plugs exposed to vapour on one side behave as vapour-liquid phase separators (VLPSs). The total net transfer rate of He II into the receiving tank is the mass flow rate through the FEP minus the liquid loss from the VLPS plugs. The performance of the integrated FEP device (IFD) was analysed. The possibility of liquid breakthrough in the IFD was studied. The IFD is a very promising system for the fluid management of He II at low gravity.

Lost in Fathoms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tondeur, Anaïs; Chomaz, Jean-Marc

2014-11-01

In 2012, at the very point where two continents collided, the island of Nuuk disappeared without trace. At the same time, in Brisbane, the 34th International Geological Congress advanced a new era-the Anthropocene: an age where mankind has become a global telluric force. Was the disappearance of Nuuk island a one-off or a direct consequence of the emergence of the Anthropocene? This project was developed during a year of research as an artist-in-residence at LadHyX and has evolved from an expedition of the emergent part of the Mid-Atlantic ridge and the region of deep oceanic water dive. This talk will present Lost In fathoms a narratives composed of installations, drawings and photographs by the means of which we investigate the causes involved in the disappearance of Nuuk island. It challenges the perception of oceanic and geologic time scales and human's impact on the environment. This project is exhibited from October 16th to November 29th 2014, at GV Art Gallery in London, a contemporary art gallery devoted to art and science shows. Acknowledgment: GV Art Gallery London, Chaire DDX École Polytechnique, LaSIPS Université Paris-Saclay.

Nucleation and growth kinetics for intercalated islands during deposition on layered materials with isolated pointlike surface defects

DOE PAGES

Han, Yong; Lii-Rosales, A.; Zhou, Y.; ...

2017-10-13

Theory and stochastic lattice-gas modeling is developed for the formation of intercalated metal islands in the gallery between the top layer and the underlying layer at the surface of layered materials. Our model for this process involves deposition of atoms, some fraction of which then enter the gallery through well-separated pointlike defects in the top layer. Subsequently, these atoms diffuse within the subsurface gallery leading to nucleation and growth of intercalated islands nearby the defect point source. For the case of a single point defect, continuum diffusion equation analysis provides insight into the nucleation kinetics. However, complementary tailored lattice-gas modelingmore » produces a more comprehensive and quantitative characterization. We analyze the large spread in nucleation times and positions relative to the defect for the first nucleated island. We also consider the formation of subsequent islands and the evolution of island growth shapes. The shapes reflect in part our natural adoption of a hexagonal close-packed island structure. As a result, motivation and support for the model is provided by scanning tunneling microscopy observations of the formation of intercalated metal islands in highly-ordered pyrolytic graphite at higher temperatures.« less

Earth's Climate: Informing and Invoking Change Through Three Streams of Art and Science

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brey, J. A.; Waller, J. L.; DeMuynck, E.; Weglarz, T. C.

2017-12-01

When art and science exhibitions "Layers: Places in Peril" and `small problems, BIG TROUBLE" premiered, gallery visitors were drawn into the show through a series of features including the size, color and dramatic narrative of the paintings and by their own sentiments for the depicted cities, places and topics of each show. Inside the gallery, people read accompanying essays based on the geoscience, physics, biology and chemistry related to each of the depicted subjects. The result: hearts and minds engaged. Since the art and text dialogues were consciously and carefully crafted to have broad appeal to those without formal backgrounds in art and science, and to people of a range of ages, visitors did not feel they were preached to but rather, that they were a part of a conversation. This approach of producing art and science exhibitions for a wide diversity of gallery visitors and students, reaches a different audience than in discipline-specific classrooms or professional conferences and can inspire people to know and take action on a number of issues, including those related to climate change. As long-time educators of Art and Science, we are fully aware of the importance of those emotional connections in learning and we embraced that approach in our first two shows. Working on a third exhibition, we wish to expand on those deep connections for long-reaching reactions from gallery visitors. Entitled "River Bookends: Headwaters, Delta and the Volume of Stories In Between", our focus is on the multi-disciplinary stories of selected world rivers of the past, present and future. Presented concurrently in a gallery and a planetarium and weaving elements of art, science, music, dance, poetry, technology and interactive opportunities that engage memory and initiate problem solving through the exhibition experience, we stress both the art and science of rivers, their complexity, power and vulnerability to factors including climate change. Through these multisensory experiences of "River Bookends", we remind people that a river changes character depending on where one stands on the banks and that rivers can also change our character as a people. Our aim is to engage the viewer-participants into active authorship of their own new story, one of hope, resilience, endurance and health through personal stewardship of our natural world.

Reconstruction based finger-knuckle-print verification with score level adaptive binary fusion.

PubMed

Gao, Guangwei; Zhang, Lei; Yang, Jian; Zhang, Lin; Zhang, David

2013-12-01

Recently, a new biometrics identifier, namely finger knuckle print (FKP), has been proposed for personal authentication with very interesting results. One of the advantages of FKP verification lies in its user friendliness in data collection. However, the user flexibility in positioning fingers also leads to a certain degree of pose variations in the collected query FKP images. The widely used Gabor filtering based competitive coding scheme is sensitive to such variations, resulting in many false rejections. We propose to alleviate this problem by reconstructing the query sample with a dictionary learned from the template samples in the gallery set. The reconstructed FKP image can reduce much the enlarged matching distance caused by finger pose variations; however, both the intra-class and inter-class distances will be reduced. We then propose a score level adaptive binary fusion rule to adaptively fuse the matching distances before and after reconstruction, aiming to reduce the false rejections without increasing much the false acceptances. Experimental results on the benchmark PolyU FKP database show that the proposed method significantly improves the FKP verification accuracy.

Eruption of Eyjafjallajökull Volcano, Iceland

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-12-08

March 31, 2010..The volcanic eruption near Eyjafjallajökull persists into its second week, with continued lava fountaining and lava flows spilling into nearby canyons. The eruption is located at the Fimmvörduháls Pass between the Eyjafjallajökull ice field to the west (left) and the Mýrdalsjökull ice field to the east (right). This natural-color satellite image was acquired on March 26, 2010, by the MODIS aboard NASA’s Terra satellite. Dark ash and scoria cover the northern half of the Fimmvörduháls Pass. White snow covers the rest of the pass, sandwiched between white glaciers. Snow-free land is tan, brown, or dark gray, devoid of vegetation in early spring. To download a high res version of this image go to: modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/individual.php?db_date=2010-0... NASA Goddard Space Flight Center is home to the nation's largest organization of combined scientists, engineers and technologists that build spacecraft, instruments and new technology to study the Earth, the sun, our solar system, and the universe.

Detailed Studies on the Structure and Dynamics of Reacting Dusty Flows at Normal and Microgravity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Egolfopoulos, Fokion N.; Campbell, Charles S.

1997-01-01

Two-phase reacting flows are substantially less understood compared to gas phase flows. While extensive work has been done on sprays, less attention has been given to the details of dusty reacting flows. Dusty flows are of particular interest for a wide range of applications. Particles can be present in a gas intentionally or unintentionally, and they can be inert or reacting. Inert particles can be also present in an otherwise reacting gas flow, and that can lead to flame cooling and modification of the extinction limits of a combustible mixture. Reacting solid particles can release substantial amounts of heat upon oxidation, and can be used either for propulsion (e.g. Al, B, Mg) or power generation (coal). Furthermore, accidents can occur when a reacting dust accumulates in air and which, in the presence of an ignition source, can cause explosion. Such explosions can occur during lumber milling, in grain elevators, and in mine galleries.

Characterization of Microbial Community in Lascaux Cave by High Throughput Sequencing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alonso, Lise; Dubost, Audrey; Luis, Patricia; Pommier, Thomas; Moënne-Loccoz, Yvan

2017-04-01

The Lascaux Cave in South-Est France is an archeological landmark renowned for its Paleolithic paintings dating back c.18.000 years. Extensive touristic frequenting and repeated chemical treatments have resulted in the development of microbial stains on cave walls, which is a major issue in terms of art conservation. Therefore, it is of prime importance to better understand the microbial ecology of Lascaux Cave. Like many other caves, Lascaux is quite heterogeneous in terms of the nature and surface properties of rock walls within cave rooms, as well as the succession of rooms/galleries from the entrance to deeper areas of the cave. Lascaux Cave displays an additional levels of heterogeneity related to the presence of discontinuous stains on certain types of cave walls. We compared the microbial community (i.e. both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial populations) colonizing cave walls of different rooms/galleries, in and outside stains and in different cave layers, in successive years. Quantitative PCR analysis of cave wall samples gave in the order of 102 copies of 18S rRNA genes and 105 copies of 16S rRNA genes per ng of DNA, indicating significant colonization of all cave walls by micro-eukaryotes and especially bacteria. Illumina metagenomic analyses of cave wall samples was carried out based on four ribosomal DNA markers targeting bacteria, archaea, fungi, and other micro-eukaryotes. The results showed that the four microbial communities were highly diverse in and outside stains, as several hundred genera of microorganisms were identified in each. Proteobacteria were more prominent within stains whereas Bacteroidetes and Sordariomycetes were more prominent outside stains. High-throughput sequencing also showed that the nature/surface properties of cave walls were the main factor determining the structure and composition of microbial communities, ahead of the other heterogeneity factors studied i.e. location within the cave, presence of stain and sampling season. This work provides a global view of the microbial community of Lascaux Cave, which could be useful to guide conservation efforts.

The FP7 ULTimateCO2 project: a study of the long term fate of CO2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Audigane, Pascal; Waldmann, Svenja; Pearce, Jonathan; Dimier, Alain; Le Gallo, Yann; Frykman, Peter; Maurand, Nicolas; Gherardi, Fabrizio; Yalamas, Thierry; Cremer, Holger; Spiers, Chris; Nussbaum, Christophe

2014-05-01

The objectives of the European FP7 ULTimateCO2 project are to study specific processes that could influence the long-term fate of geologically stored CO2, mainly: the trapping mechanisms occurring in the storage reservoir, the influence of fluid-rock interactions on mechanical integrity of caprock and well vicinity, and also the modifications induced at the regional scale (brine displacement, fault reactivation, hydrogeology changes...). A comprehensive approach combining laboratory experiments, numerical modeling and natural analogue studies is developed to assess all the processes mentioned above. A collection of data has been generated from natural and industrial (oil industry) analogues on the fluid flow and mechanical properties, structure, and mineralogy of faults and fractures that could affect the long-term storage capacity of underground CO2 storage sites. To address geochemical trapping at reservoir scale, an experimental approach is developed using sandstone core materials in batch reactive mode with CO2 and impurities at reservoir pressure and temperature conditions. Three inter-related lines of laboratory experiments investigate the long-term evolution of the mechanical properties and sealing integrity of fractured and faulted caprocks using Opalinus clay of Mont Terri Gallery (Switzerland), an analogue for caprock well investigated in the past for nuclear waste disposal purpose. To evaluate the interactions between CO2 (and formation fluid) and the well environment (formation, cement, casing) and to assess the consequences of these interactions on the transport properties of well materials, a 1 to 1 scale experiment has been set in the Mont Terri Gallery Opalinus clay to reproduce classical well objects (cemented annulus, casing and cement plug) perforating caprock formations. An extensive program of numerical modeling is also developed to calibrate, to reproduce and to extrapolate the experimental results at longer time scales including uncertainty assessment methods. www.ultimateco2.eu

Brillouin Light Scattering by Magnetic Quasivortices in Cavity Optomagnonics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Osada, A.; Gloppe, A.; Hisatomi, R.; Noguchi, A.; Yamazaki, R.; Nomura, M.; Nakamura, Y.; Usami, K.

2018-03-01

A ferromagnetic sphere can support optical vortices in the form of whispering gallery modes and magnetic quasivortices in the form of magnetostatic modes with nontrivial spin textures. These vortices can be characterized by their orbital angular momenta. We experimentally investigate Brillouin scattering of photons in the whispering gallery modes by magnons in the magnetostatic modes, zeroing in on the exchange of the orbital angular momenta between the optical vortices and magnetic quasivortices. We find that the conservation of the orbital angular momentum results in different nonreciprocal behavior in the Brillouin light scattering. New avenues for chiral optics and optospintronics can be opened up by taking the orbital angular momenta as a new degree of freedom for cavity optomagnonics.

The structure of gallery networks in the nests of termite Cubitermes spp. revealed by X-ray tomography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Perna, Andrea; Jost, Christian; Couturier, Etienne; Valverde, Sergi; Douady, Stéphane; Theraulaz, Guy

2008-09-01

Recent studies have introduced computer tomography (CT) as a tool for the visualisation and characterisation of insect architectures. Here, we use CT to map the three-dimensional networks of galleries inside Cubitermes nests in order to analyse them with tools from graph theory. The structure of these networks indicates that connections inside the nest are rearranged during the whole nest life. The functional analysis reveals that the final network topology represents an excellent compromise between efficient connectivity inside the nest and defence against attacking predators. We further discuss and illustrate the usefulness of CT to disentangle environmental and specific influences on nest architecture.

Analysis of borehole expansion and gallery tests in anisotropic rock masses

USGS Publications Warehouse

Amadei, B.; Savage, W.Z.

1991-01-01

Closed-form solutions are used to show how rock anisotropy affects the variation of the modulus of deformation around the walls of a hole in which expansion tests are conducted. These tests include dilatometer and NX-jack tests in boreholes and gallery tests in tunnels. The effects of rock anisotropy on the modulus of deformation are shown for transversely isotropic and regularly jointed rock masses with planes of transverse isotropy or joint planes parallel or normal to the hole longitudinal axis for plane strain or plane stress condition. The closed-form solutions can also be used when determining the elastic properties of anisotropic rock masses (intact or regularly jointed) in situ. ?? 1991.

Exploring the Frequency Stability Limits of Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators for Metrological Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chembo, Yanne K.; Baumgartel, Lukas; Grudinin, Ivan; Strekalov, Dmitry; Thompson, Robert; Yu, Nan

2012-01-01

Whispering gallery mode resonators are attracting increasing interest as promising frequency reference cavities. Unlike commonly used Fabry-Perot cavities, however, they are filled with a bulk medium whose properties have a significant impact on the stability of its resonance frequencies. In this context that has to be reduced to a minimum. On the other hand, a small monolithic resonator provides opportunity for better stability against vibration and acceleration. this feature is essential when the cavity operates in a non-laboratory environment. In this paper, we report a case study for a crystalline resonator, and discuss the a pathway towards the inhibition of vibration-and acceleration-induced frequency fluctuations.

Coal planer. [13 claims

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bahre, K.; Nowak, H.D.

1977-05-24

A coal planer for use in an underground mine gallery comprises a central unit, a pair of loading heads arranged spaced from and to opposite sides of the central unit and a pair of intermediate units, respectively, located between the central unit and the loading heads and linked to the latter and the central unit. Each of the intermediate units is provided with a plurality of planning knives arranged vertically spaced from each other for cutting coal from the mine face during reciprocation of the coal planer in a direction parallel to the mine face, and with a bottom knifemore » adapted to cut into the sole of the mine gallery. 13 claims, 5 figures.« less

Tunable liquid-crystal microshell-laser based on whispering-gallery modes and photonic band-gap mode lasing.

PubMed

Lu, Yuelan; Yang, Yue; Wang, Yan; Wang, Lei; Ma, Ji; Zhang, Lingli; Sun, Weimin; Liu, Yongjun

2018-02-05

The lasing behaviors of dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal (DDCLC) microshells fabricated with silica-glass-microsphere coated DDCLCs were examined. Lasing characteristics were studied in a carrier medium with different refractive indices. The lasing in spherical cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) was attributed to two mechanisms, photonic band-gap (PBG) lasing and whispering-gallery modes (WGMs), which can independently exist by varying the chiral agent concentration and pumping energy. It was also found that DDCLC microshells can function as highly sensitive thermal sensors, with a temperature sensitivity of 0.982 nm °C -1 in PBG modes and 0.156 nm °C -1 in WGMs.

Chaos-assisted broadband momentum transformation in optical microresonators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jiang, Xuefeng; Shao, Linbo; Zhang, Shu-Xin; Yi, Xu; Wiersig, Jan; Wang, Li; Gong, Qihuang; Lončar, Marko; Yang, Lan; Xiao, Yun-Feng

2017-10-01

The law of momentum conservation rules out many desired processes in optical microresonators. We report broadband momentum transformations of light in asymmetric whispering gallery microresonators. Assisted by chaotic motions, broadband light can travel between optical modes with different angular momenta within a few picoseconds. Efficient coupling from visible to near-infrared bands is demonstrated between a nanowaveguide and whispering gallery modes with quality factors exceeding 10 million. The broadband momentum transformation enhances the device conversion efficiency of the third-harmonic generation by greater than three orders of magnitude over the conventional evanescent-wave coupling. The observed broadband and fast momentum transformation could promote applications such as multicolor lasers, broadband memories, and multiwavelength optical networks.

A comparative study of graphite electrodes using the co-intercalation phenomenon for rechargeable Li, Na and K batteries.

PubMed

Kim, Haegyeom; Yoon, Gabin; Lim, Kyungmi; Kang, Kisuk

2016-10-18

Here, we demonstrate that graphite can serve as a versatile electrode for various rechargeable battery types by reversibly accommodating solvated alkali ions (such as K, Na, and Li) through co-intercalation in its galleries. The co-intercalation of alkali ions is observed to occur via staging reactions. Notably, their insertion behaviors, including their specific capacity, are remarkably similar regardless of the alkali ion species despite the different solubility limits of K, Na, and Li ions in graphite. Nevertheless, the insertion potentials of the solvated alkali ions differ from each other and are observed to be correlated with the interlayer distance in the intercalated graphite gallery.

INFINITY Science Center taking shape

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-09-06

Construction of the new INFINITY Science Center is proceeding just west of the Mississippi Welcome Center at exit 2 on Interstate 10. Roy Anderson Corp. of Gulfport is building the 72,000-squarefoot, $43 million science and education center, which will feature a space gallery and an Earth gallery to showcase the science underpinning missions of the agencies at Stennis Space Center. The project is being spearheaded by INFINITY Science Center, Inc., a non-profit corporation led by Gulfport Mayor George Schloegel and Apollo 13 astronaut Fred Haise, in partnership with NASA, the state of Mississippi and private donors. When completed, it will serve as the official Stennis visitors center and will be home to the NASA Educator Resource Center.

Whispering gallery mode laser based on cholesteric liquid crystal microdroplets as temperature sensor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Liyuan; Wang, Yan; Yuan, Yonggui; Liu, Yongjun; Liu, Shuangqiang; Sun, Weimin; Yang, Jun; Li, Hanyang

2017-11-01

We developed a tunable whispering gallery mode (WGM) microlaser based on dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) microdroplets with controllable size in an aqueous environment. An individual dye-doped CLC microdroplet confined at the tip of a microcapillary was optically pumped via a tapered optical fiber tip positioned within its vicinity. Numerical simulations and various spectral characteristics verify the WGM resonance of the lasing in microdroplets. Thermal tuning of the lasing modes is realized due to the thermo-optic effect of CLC. The proposed CLC microdroplet-based WGM resonator was applied as a temperature sensor and exhibited maximum temperature sensitivity up to 0.96 nm/°C.

Modelling of rotation-induced frequency shifts in whispering gallery modes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Venediktov, V. Yu; Kukaev, A. S.; Filatov, Yu V.; Shalymov, E. V.

2018-02-01

We study the angular velocity sensors based on whispering gallery mode resonators. Rotation of such resonators gives rise to various effects that can cause a spectral shift of their modes. Optical methods allow this shift to be determined with high precision, which can be used practically to measure the angular velocity in inertial orientation and navigation systems. The basic principles of constructing the angular velocity sensors utilising these effects are considered, their advantages and drawbacks are indicated. We also study the interrelation between the effects and the possibility of their mutual influence on each other. Based on the analytical studies of the effects, we consider the possibility of their combined application for angular velocity measurements.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Heredia-Langner, Alejandro; Amidan, Brett G.; Matzner, Shari

We present results from the optimization of a re-identification process using two sets of biometric data obtained from the Civilian American and European Surface Anthropometry Resource Project (CAESAR) database. The datasets contain real measurements of features for 2378 individuals in a standing (43 features) and seated (16 features) position. A genetic algorithm (GA) was used to search a large combinatorial space where different features are available between the probe (seated) and gallery (standing) datasets. Results show that optimized model predictions obtained using less than half of the 43 gallery features and data from roughly 16% of the individuals available producemore » better re-identification rates than two other approaches that use all the information available.« less

Coupler for coupling gyrotron whispering gallery mode RF into HE11 waveguide

DOEpatents

Neilson, Jeffrey M

2015-02-24

A cylindrical waveguide with a mode converter transforms a whispering gallery mode from a gyrotron cylindrical waveguide with a helical cut launch edge to a quasi-Gaussian beam suitable for conveyance through a corrugated waveguide. This quasi-Gaussian beam is radiated away from the waveguide using a spiral cut launch edge, which is in close proximity to a first mode converting reflector. The first mode converting reflector is coupled to a second mode converting reflector which provides an output free-space HE11 mode wave suitable for direct coupling into a corrugated waveguide. The radiated beam produced at the output of the second mode converting reflector is substantially circular.

Art, outreach and geopattern formation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Morris, S. W.; Chen, A. S. H.; Rogers, M. C.; Goehring, L.

2014-12-01

For the past several years, I have been exhibiting images and videos of natural and laboratory geopatterns in art galleries and outdoor shows. I have also brought artists into my research lab for hands-on workshops. My experience shows that scientific images can be well received as art and generate wide-ranging discussions across traditionally separate disciplines. The art world offers an interesting new venue for outreach activities, as well as being a lot of fun to explore. Artists Statement:I am interested in self-organized, emergent patterns and textures. I take photos of patterns both from the natural world and of experiments in my laboratory in the department of Physics at the University of Toronto. Patterns naturally attract casual attention but are also the subject of serious scientific research. Some things just evolve all by themselves into strikingly regular shapes and textures. Why? These shapes emerge spontaneously from a dynamic process of growing, folding, cracking, wrinkling, branching, flowing and other kinds of morphological development. My photos are informed by the scientific aesthetic of nonlinear physics, and mathematics lurks behind every image for those who know where to look for it. But no special knowledge is required to appreciate the results. Each image shows an object, sometimes quite small and often familiar, with a self-composed regular structure. Some images are from laboratory physics experiments and some are from Nature, and all celebrate the subtle interplay of order and complexity in emergent patterns.

2.5D Multi-View Gait Recognition Based on Point Cloud Registration

PubMed Central

Tang, Jin; Luo, Jian; Tjahjadi, Tardi; Gao, Yan

2014-01-01

This paper presents a method for modeling a 2.5-dimensional (2.5D) human body and extracting the gait features for identifying the human subject. To achieve view-invariant gait recognition, a multi-view synthesizing method based on point cloud registration (MVSM) to generate multi-view training galleries is proposed. The concept of a density and curvature-based Color Gait Curvature Image is introduced to map 2.5D data onto a 2D space to enable data dimension reduction by discrete cosine transform and 2D principle component analysis. Gait recognition is achieved via a 2.5D view-invariant gait recognition method based on point cloud registration. Experimental results on the in-house database captured by a Microsoft Kinect camera show a significant performance gain when using MVSM. PMID:24686727

Guerilla Science: Mixing Science with Art, Music and Play

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rosin, Mark; Koski, Olivia; Science, Guerilla

2013-01-01

Guerilla Science is an international organization at the boundaries of adult/teen science education and live entertainment. Dedicated to science by stealth we mix science with art, music and play in unconventional environments like music festivals, art galleries, banquets, department stores and theaters. Over the last five years, Guerilla Science has impacted over 11 thousand members of the public and worked with more than one hundred science-partners. Findings from three external evaluations confirm that these events have been successful, and Guerilla Science has been featured in international media including Wired, Scientific American, Getty Images, and the BBC. In this presentation, the US director, Mark Rosin, will discuss Guerilla Science's astronomical outreach efforts, including events like the Intergalactic Travel Bureau, Extra-Terrestrial Broadcasting, and Sex on other Planets. He will also discuss how to get involved with the project.

Innate defensive behaviour and panic-like reactions evoked by rodents during aggressive encounters with Brazilian constrictor snakes in a complex labyrinth: behavioural validation of a new model to study affective and agonistic reactions in a prey versus predator paradigm.

PubMed

Guimarães-Costa, Raquel; Guimarães-Costa, Maria Beatriz; Pippa-Gadioli, Leonardo; Weltson, Alfredo; Ubiali, Walter Adriano; Paschoalin-Maurin, Tatiana; Felippotti, Tatiana Tocchini; Elias-Filho, Daoud Hibrahim; Laure, Carlos Júlio; Coimbra, Norberto Cysne

2007-09-15

Defensive behaviour has been extensively studied, and non-invasive methodologies may be interesting approaches to analyzing the limbic system function as a whole. Using experimental models of animals in the state of anxiety has been fundamental in the search for new anxiolytic and antipanic compounds. The aim of this present work is to examine a new model for the study of affective behaviour, using a complex labyrinth consisting of an arena and galleries forming a maze. Furthermore, it aims to compare the defensive behaviour of Wistar rats, Mongolian gerbils and golden hamsters in a complex labyrinth, as well as the defensive behaviour of Meriones unguiculatus in aggressive encounters with either Epicrates cenchria assisi or Boa constrictor amarali in this same model. Among species presently studied, the Mongolian gerbils showed better performance in the exploration of both arena and galleries of the labyrinth, also demonstrating less latency in finding exits of the galleries. This increases the possibility of survival, as well as optimizes the events of encounter with the predator. The duration of alertness and freezing increased during confrontation with living Epicrates, as well as the duration of exploratory behaviour in the labyrinth. There was an increase in the number of freezing and alertness behaviours, as well as in duration of alertness during confrontations involving E.c. assisi, compared with behavioural reactions elicited by jirds in presence of B.c. amarali. Interestingly, the aggressive behaviour of Mongolian gerbils was more prominent against B.c. amarali compared with the other Boidae snake. E.c. assisi elicited more offensive attacks and exhibited a greater time period of body movement than B.c. amarali, which spent more time in the arena and in defensive immobility than the E.c. assisi. Considering that jirds evoked more fear-like reaction in contact with E.c. assisi, a fixed E.c. assisi kept in a hermetically closed acrylic box was used as control. In these prey/predator encounter-based experiments, there was an increase in the number of alertness and freezing behaviours exhibited by gerbils, and a decrease in the number of crossing elicited by them, when comparing confrontations between the living E.c. assisi and the control. The experiments were performed at 7.0 p.m. In the labyrinth, the snakes showed in confrontation similar performance to that observed in nature (organizing hunting behaviour, offensive/defensive attack, constriction, prey inspection and feeding behaviour), which were essential to the validity of the experiments and gave behavioural validation within the complex labyrinth.

Specific, non-nutritional association between an ascomycete fungus and Allomerus plant-ants.

PubMed

Ruiz-González, Mario X; Malé, Pierre-Jean G; Leroy, Céline; Dejean, Alain; Gryta, Hervé; Jargeat, Patricia; Quilichini, Angélique; Orivel, Jérôme

2011-06-23

Ant-fungus associations are well known from attine ants, whose nutrition is based on a symbiosis with basidiomycete fungi. Otherwise, only a few non-nutritional ant-fungus associations have been recorded to date. Here we focus on one of these associations involving Allomerus plant-ants that build galleried structures on their myrmecophytic hosts in order to ambush prey. We show that this association is not opportunistic because the ants select from a monophyletic group of closely related fungal haplotypes of an ascomycete species from the order Chaetothyriales that consistently grows on and has been isolated from the galleries. Both the ants' behaviour and an analysis of the genetic population structure of the ants and the fungus argue for host specificity in this interaction. The ants' behaviour reveals a major investment in manipulating, growing and cleaning the fungus. A molecular analysis of the fungus demonstrates the widespread occurrence of one haplotype and many other haplotypes with a lower occurrence, as well as significant variation in the presence of these fungal haplotypes between areas and ant species. Altogether, these results suggest that such an interaction might represent an as-yet undescribed type of specific association between ants and fungus in which the ants cultivate fungal mycelia to strengthen their hunting galleries.

Whispering Gallery Mode Thermometry

PubMed Central

Corbellini, Simone; Ramella, Chiara; Yu, Lili; Pirola, Marco; Fernicola, Vito

2016-01-01

This paper presents a state-of-the-art whispering gallery mode (WGM) thermometer system, which could replace platinum resistance thermometers currently used in many industrial applications, thus overcoming some of their well-known limitations and their potential for providing lower measurement uncertainty. The temperature-sensing element is a sapphire-crystal-based whispering gallery mode resonator with the main resonant modes between 10 GHz and 20 GHz. In particular, it was found that the WGM around 13.6 GHz maximizes measurement performance, affording sub-millikelvin resolution and temperature stability of better than 1 mK at 0 °C. The thermometer system was made portable and low-cost by developing an ad hoc interrogation system (hardware and software) able to achieve an accuracy in the order of a few parts in 109 in the determination of resonance frequencies. Herein we report the experimental assessment of the measurement stability, repeatability and resolution, and the calibration of the thermometer in the temperature range from −74 °C to 85 °C. The combined standard uncertainty for a single temperature calibration point is found to be within 5 mK (i.e., comparable with state-of-the-art for industrial thermometry), and is mainly due to the employed calibration setup. The uncertainty contribution of the WGM thermometer alone is within a millikelvin. PMID:27801868

Telerobotic Haptic Exploration in Art Galleries and Museums for Individuals with Visual Impairments.

PubMed

Park, Chung Hyuk; Ryu, Eun-Seok; Howard, Ayanna M

2015-01-01

This paper presents a haptic telepresence system that enables visually impaired users to explore locations with rich visual observation such as art galleries and museums by using a telepresence robot, a RGB-D sensor (color and depth camera), and a haptic interface. The recent improvement on RGB-D sensors has enabled real-time access to 3D spatial information in the form of point clouds. However, the real-time representation of this data in the form of tangible haptic experience has not been challenged enough, especially in the case of telepresence for individuals with visual impairments. Thus, the proposed system addresses the real-time haptic exploration of remote 3D information through video encoding and real-time 3D haptic rendering of the remote real-world environment. This paper investigates two scenarios in haptic telepresence, i.e., mobile navigation and object exploration in a remote environment. Participants with and without visual impairments participated in our experiments based on the two scenarios, and the system performance was validated. In conclusion, the proposed framework provides a new methodology of haptic telepresence for individuals with visual impairments by providing an enhanced interactive experience where they can remotely access public places (art galleries and museums) with the aid of haptic modality and robotic telepresence.

Tropical Cyclone Paul

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-03-30

NASA image March 29, 2010 Tropical Cyclone Paul spanned the ocean waters between Australia and New Guinea on March 29, 2010. The MODIS on NASA’s Terra satellite captured this natural-color image the same day. The center of the cyclone is along the coast of Northern Territory’s Arnhem Land. Clouds run counter-clockwise across the Gulf of Carpentaria and Cape York Peninsula, over New Guinea’s Pulau Dolok, and over the Arafura Sea. On March 29, 2010, the U.S. Navy’s Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) reported that Tropical Cyclone Paul storm had maximum sustained winds of 60 knots (110 kilometers per hour) and gusts up to 75 knots (140 kilometers per hour). The storm was located roughly 315 nautical miles (585 kilometers) east of Darwin. The storm had moved slowly toward the southwest over the previous several hours. The JTWC forecast that the storm would likely maintain its current intensity for several more hours before slowly dissipating over land. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Jeff Schmaltz/MODIS To learn more about this image go to: modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/individual.php?db_date=2010-0... NASA Goddard Space Flight Center is home to the nation's largest organization of combined scientists, engineers and technologists that build spacecraft, instruments and new technology to study the Earth, the sun, our solar system, and the universe.

Biomineralized hydroxyapatite nanoclay composite scaffolds with polycaprolactone for stem cell-based bone tissue engineering.

PubMed

Ambre, Avinash H; Katti, Dinesh R; Katti, Kalpana S

2015-06-01

Nanoclay modified with unnatural amino acid was used to design a nanoclay-hydroxyapatite (HAP) hybrid by mineralizing HAP in the nanoclay galleries mimicking biomineralization. This hybrid (in situ HAPclay) was used to fabricate polycaprolactone (PCL)/in situ HAPclay films and scaffolds for bone regeneration. Cell culture assays and imaging were used to study interactions between human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and PCL/in situ HAPclay composites (films and scaffolds). SEM imaging indicated MSC attachment, formation of mineralized extracellular (ECM) on PCL/in situ HAPclay films, and infiltration of MSCs to the interior of PCL/in situ HAPclay scaffolds. Mineralized ECM was formed by MSCs without use of osteogenic supplements. AFM imaging performed on this in vitro generated mineralized ECM on PCL/in situ HAPclay films revealed presence of components (collagen and mineral) of hierarchical organization reminiscent of natural bone. Cellular events observed during two-stage seeding experiments on PCL/in situ HAPclay films indicated similarities with events occurring during in vivo bone formation. PCL/in situ HAPclay films showed significantly increased (100-595% increase in elastic moduli) nanomechanical properties and PCL/in situ HAPclay scaffolds showed increased degradation. This work puts forth PCL/in situ HAPclay composites as viable biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Distant failure prediction for early stage NSCLC by analyzing PET with sparse representation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hao, Hongxia; Zhou, Zhiguo; Wang, Jing

2017-03-01

Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has been widely explored for treatment outcome prediction. Radiomicsdriven methods provide a new insight to quantitatively explore underlying information from PET images. However, it is still a challenging problem to automatically extract clinically meaningful features for prognosis. In this work, we develop a PET-guided distant failure predictive model for early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) by using sparse representation. The proposed method does not need precalculated features and can learn intrinsically distinctive features contributing to classification of patients with distant failure. The proposed framework includes two main parts: 1) intra-tumor heterogeneity description; and 2) dictionary pair learning based sparse representation. Tumor heterogeneity is initially captured through anisotropic kernel and represented as a set of concatenated vectors, which forms the sample gallery. Then, given a test tumor image, its identity (i.e., distant failure or not) is classified by applying the dictionary pair learning based sparse representation. We evaluate the proposed approach on 48 NSCLC patients treated by SABR at our institute. Experimental results show that the proposed approach can achieve an area under the characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.70 with a sensitivity of 69.87% and a specificity of 69.51% using a five-fold cross validation.

Locally linear regression for pose-invariant face recognition.

PubMed

Chai, Xiujuan; Shan, Shiguang; Chen, Xilin; Gao, Wen

2007-07-01

The variation of facial appearance due to the viewpoint (/pose) degrades face recognition systems considerably, which is one of the bottlenecks in face recognition. One of the possible solutions is generating virtual frontal view from any given nonfrontal view to obtain a virtual gallery/probe face. Following this idea, this paper proposes a simple, but efficient, novel locally linear regression (LLR) method, which generates the virtual frontal view from a given nonfrontal face image. We first justify the basic assumption of the paper that there exists an approximate linear mapping between a nonfrontal face image and its frontal counterpart. Then, by formulating the estimation of the linear mapping as a prediction problem, we present the regression-based solution, i.e., globally linear regression. To improve the prediction accuracy in the case of coarse alignment, LLR is further proposed. In LLR, we first perform dense sampling in the nonfrontal face image to obtain many overlapped local patches. Then, the linear regression technique is applied to each small patch for the prediction of its virtual frontal patch. Through the combination of all these patches, the virtual frontal view is generated. The experimental results on the CMU PIE database show distinct advantage of the proposed method over Eigen light-field method.

Long-period tilt-induced accelerations associated with hydraulic fracturing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Milkereit, Claus; Dahm, Torsten; Cesca, Simone; Lopez, Jose; Nooshiri, Nima; Zang, Arno

2017-04-01

In 2015, several small scale hydrofracture experiments have been performed in situ from a horizontal borehole in a mine gallery in granitic rock. The hydrofracture experiments were monitored by a bundle of different near field sensors covering a broad range of frequencies (see Zang et al., Geophys. J. Int. (2017) 208, 790-813, doi: 10.1093/gji/ggw430). We installed broad band sensors in the gallery close to the fracture experiments, and observed clear long period transients on the horizontal components, with timing and polarity correlated with the opening and closing of the fractures. We interpret the broadband signals as tilt-induced excursions. The broadband signals have been measured independent whether high frequency acoustic emission have been observed or not during the individual fracture experiments. They are thus an independent measure of the success of a hydrofracture experiment and the parameter of the newly formed cracks. In this study we show that most tilt-induced long-period signals can be modeled by a rectangular crack with constant opening in an elastic full space, as first order approximation. From theoretical forward modeling, we proof that the tilt has a higher sensitivity to resolve the strike of the fracture than the displacement field. With this model, we retrieve the strike of the fractures from the tilt observed at a single sensor. The results indicate that the strike angles of the hydrofractures change systematically with the distance to the gallery wall, indicating a rotation of the principal stresses close to the free surface of the gallery. The rotation trend is similar to the one observed in previous hydrofracture experiments in mines. We compare the strength of the modeled tensile cracks, i.e. opening times crack area, with the volume of the injected fluid, and discuss the general resolving power of tilt signals for source parameter fractures. The temporal evolution of the opening and closure of the fractures is discussed.

Detecting single viruses and nanoparticles using whispering gallery microlasers.

PubMed

He, Lina; Ozdemir, Sahin Kaya; Zhu, Jiangang; Kim, Woosung; Yang, Lan

2011-06-26

There is a strong demand for portable systems that can detect and characterize individual pathogens and other nanoscale objects without the use of labels, for applications in human health, homeland security, environmental monitoring and diagnostics. However, most nanoscale objects of interest have low polarizabilities due to their small size and low refractive index contrast with the surrounding medium. This leads to weak light-matter interactions, and thus makes the label-free detection of single nanoparticles very difficult. Micro- and nano-photonic devices have emerged as highly sensitive platforms for such applications, because the combination of high quality factor Q and small mode volume V leads to significantly enhanced light-matter interactions. For example, whispering gallery mode microresonators have been used to detect and characterize single influenza virions and polystyrene nanoparticles with a radius of 30 nm (ref. 12) by measuring in the transmission spectrum either the resonance shift or mode splitting induced by the nanoscale objects. Increasing Q leads to a narrower resonance linewidth, which makes it possible to resolve smaller changes in the transmission spectrum, and thus leads to improved performance. Here, we report a whispering gallery mode microlaser-based real-time and label-free detection method that can detect individual 15-nm-radius polystyrene nanoparticles, 10-nm gold nanoparticles and influenza A virions in air, and 30 nm polystyrene nanoparticles in water. Our approach relies on measuring changes in the beat note that is produced when an ultra-narrow emission line from a whispering gallery mode microlaser is split into two modes by a nanoscale object, and these two modes then interfere. The ultimate detection limit is set by the laser linewidth, which can be made much narrower than the resonance linewidth of any passive resonator. This means that microlaser sensors have the potential to detect objects that are too small to be detected by passive resonator sensors.

Evaluation of Criteria for the Detection of Fires in Underground Conveyor Belt Haulageways.

PubMed

Litton, Charles D; Perera, Inoka Eranda

2012-07-01

Large-scale experiments were conducted in an above-ground gallery to simulate typical fires that develop along conveyor belt transport systems within underground coal mines. In the experiments, electrical strip heaters, imbedded ~5 cm below the top surface of a large mass of coal rubble, were used to ignite the coal, producing an open flame. The flaming coal mass subsequently ignited 1.83-meter-wide conveyor belts located approximately 0.30 m above the coal surface. Gas samples were drawn through an averaging probe located approximately 20 m downstream of the coal for continuous measurement of CO, CO 2 , and O 2 as the fire progressed through the stages of smoldering coal, flaming coal, and flaming conveyor belt. Also located approximately 20 m from the fire origin and approximately 0.5 m below the roof of the gallery were two commercially available smoke detectors, a light obscuration meter, and a sampling probe for measurement of total mass concentration of smoke particles. Located upstream of the fire origin and also along the wall of the gallery at approximately 14 m and 5 m upstream were two video cameras capable of both smoke and flame detection. During the experiments, alarm times of the smoke detectors and video cameras were measured while the smoke obscuration and total smoke mass were continually measured. Twelve large-scale experiments were conducted using three different types of fire-resistant conveyor belts and four air velocities for each belt. The air velocities spanned the range from 1.0 m/s to 6.9 m/s. The results of these experiments are compared to previous large-scale results obtained using a smaller fire gallery and much narrower (1.07-m) conveyor belts to determine if the fire detection criteria previously developed (1) remained valid for the wider conveyor belts. Although some differences between these and the previous experiments did occur, the results, in general, compare very favorably. Differences are duly noted and their impact on fire detection discussed.

Effect of temperature and tree species on damage progression caused by whitespotted sawyer (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) larvae in recently burned logs.

PubMed

Bélanger, Sébastien; Bauce, Eric; Berthiaume, Richard; Long, Bernard; Labrie, Jacques; Daigle, Louis-Frédéric; Hébert, Christian

2013-06-01

The whitespotted sawyer, Monochamus scutellatus scutellatus (Say) (Coleoptera: Ce-rambycidae), is one of the most damaging wood-boring insects in recently burned boreal forests of North America. In Canada, salvage logging after wildfire contributes to maintaining the timber volume required by the forest industry, but larvae of this insect cause significant damage that reduces the economic value of lumber products. This study aimed to estimate damage progression as a function of temperature in recently burned black spruce (Picea mariana (Miller) Britton, Sterns, and Poggenburg) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lambert) trees. Using axial tomographic technology, we modeled subcortical development and gallery depth progression rates as functions of temperature for both tree species. Generally, these rates were slightly faster in black spruce than in jack pine logs. Eggs laid on logs kept at 12 degrees C did not hatch or larvae were unable to establish themselves under the bark because no larval development was observed. At 16 degrees C, larvae stayed under the bark for > 200 d before penetrating into the sapwood. At 20 degrees C, half of the larvae entered the sapwood after 30-50 d, but gallery depth progression stopped for approximately 70 d, suggesting that larvae went into diapause. The other half of the larvae entered the sapwood only after 100-200 d. At 24 and 28 degrees C, larvae entered the sapwood after 26-27 and 21 d, respectively. At 28 degrees C, gallery depth progressed at a rate of 1.44 mm/d. Temperature threshold for subcortical development was slightly lower in black spruce (12.9 degrees C) than in jack pine (14.6 degrees C) and it was 1 degrees C warmer for gallery depth progression for both tree species. These results indicate that significant damage may occur within a few months after fire during warm summers, particularly in black spruce, which highlights the importance of beginning postfire salvage logging as soon as possible to reduce economic losses.

Smoke over the Bering Sea

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-12-08

Smoke from Far Eastern Russia’s spring wildfires reached the Bering Sea by May 11, 2012. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer aboard NASA’s Terra satellite passed over the region at 23:30 UTC on that same day and acquired this true-color image of a broad band of smoke stretching across the blue waters. In this image, the plume of smoke appears light gray while banks of cloud are bright white. Snow covers much of Kamchatka the land mass in the west. Karaginsky Island, just off Kamchatka’s eastern shore, is surrounded by sea ice. Clouds stream off the southwest shores of Beringa and Medny Islands. To the east, Attu Station, Alaska, is surrounded by cloud. In early May, numerous wildfires burned near Lake Baikal, in Siberia. These fires billowed heavy smoke across eastern Mongolia, China and Russia’s Far East. An image of the smoke and fires was captured on May 8 and appeared as the MODIS image of the day on May 11. That image can be viewed here: modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/individual.php?db_date=2012-0.... According to a model by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), it is possible that smoke from the Lake Baikal region could take just a few days to reach the Bering Sea. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Jeff Schmaltz/MODIS Land Rapid Response Team NASA image use policy. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission. Follow us on Twitter Like us on Facebook Find us on Instagram

Development of estimation system of knee extension strength using image features in ultrasound images of rectus femoris

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Murakami, Hiroki; Watanabe, Tsuneo; Fukuoka, Daisuke; Terabayashi, Nobuo; Hara, Takeshi; Muramatsu, Chisako; Fujita, Hiroshi

2016-04-01

The word "Locomotive syndrome" has been proposed to describe the state of requiring care by musculoskeletal disorders and its high-risk condition. Reduction of the knee extension strength is cited as one of the risk factors, and the accurate measurement of the strength is needed for the evaluation. The measurement of knee extension strength using a dynamometer is one of the most direct and quantitative methods. This study aims to develop a system for measuring the knee extension strength using the ultrasound images of the rectus femoris muscles obtained with non-invasive ultrasonic diagnostic equipment. First, we extract the muscle area from the ultrasound images and determine the image features, such as the thickness of the muscle. We combine these features and physical features, such as the patient's height, and build a regression model of the knee extension strength from training data. We have developed a system for estimating the knee extension strength by applying the regression model to the features obtained from test data. Using the test data of 168 cases, correlation coefficient value between the measured values and estimated values was 0.82. This result suggests that this system can estimate knee extension strength with high accuracy.

Adsorption detection for polylysine biomolecules based on high-Q silica capillary whispering gallery mode microresonator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Jixuan; Liu, Bo; Zhang, Hao; Song, Binbin

2017-11-01

A silica-capillary-based whispering gallery mode (WGM) microresonator has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated for the real-time monitoring of the polylysine adsorption process. The spectral characteristics of the WGM resonance dips with high quality factor and good wavelength selectivity have been investigated to evaluate the dynamic process for the binding of polylysine with a capillary surface. The WGM transmission spectrum shows a regular shift with increments of observation time, which could be exploited for the analysis of the polylysine adsorption process. The proposed WGM microresonator system possesses desirable qualities such as high sensitivity, fast response, label-free method, high detection resolution and compactness, which could find promising applications in histology and related bioengineering areas.

Ringing phenomenon in coupled cavities: Application to modal coupling in whispering-gallery-mode resonators

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Trebaol, Stephane; Dumeige, Yannick; Feron, Patrice

We present a simple model to describe the transient response of two coupled resonators probed by a monochromatic wave whose frequency is rapidly swept across the resonances with respect to their characteristic photon lifetimes. The model is applied to analyze the dynamic behavior of the modal coupling between two degenerate resonances of the same cavity. In particular, this can be used to describe the coupling of counterpropagating whispering gallery modes (WGMs) by Rayleigh scattering. The theory is successfully compared to experiments carried out in silica microspheres. These results show that this ringdown technique can be extended to accurately measure linearmore » properties and frequency splittings of high-quality factor WGM microresonators.« less

Optically pumped whispering-gallery mode lasing from 2-μm GaN micro-disks pivoted on Si

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhang, Yiyun; Ma, Zetao; Zhang, Xuhui

2014-06-02

2-μm micro-disks containing InGaN/GaN quantum wells supported on a tiny Si nanotip are fabricated via microsphere lithography followed by dry and wet etch processes. The micro-disks are studied by photoluminescence at both room-temperature and 10 K. Optically pumped blue lasing at room-temperature is observed via whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) with a lasing threshold as low as 8.43 mJ/cm{sup 2}. Optical resonances in the micro-disks are studied through numerical computations and finite-difference time-domain simulations. The WGMs are further confirmed through the measured broadband transmission spectrum, whose transmission minima coincide well with predicted WGM frequencies.

Enhanced Raman scattering of single nanoparticles in a high-Q whispering-gallery microresonator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Rui-Shan; Jin, Wei-Liang; Yu, Xiao-Chong; Liu, Yong-Chun; Xiao, Yun-Feng

2015-04-01

We study Raman scattering of single nanoparticles coupled to a high-Q whispering-gallery microresonator. It is found that cavity resonances greatly enhance the Raman signal, and the enhancement factor is as high as 108. Unlike the noncavity case, the signal power exhibits a nonmonotonic dependence on particle size, and it reaches the maximum when the Rayleigh scattering loss and the cavity intrinsic loss are comparable. We further analyze how the Raman signal intensity is influenced by different parameters including cavity quality factors and taper-cavity coupling strength. The detection limit of observing single-nanoparticle Raman signal is discussed finally. As a potential application, this mechanism may provide an alternative way to detect specific biological targets without the need of precovered biorecognitions.

Selective Coupling Enhances Harmonic Generation of Whispering-Gallery Modes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Trainor, Luke S.; Sedlmeir, Florian; Peuntinger, Christian; Schwefel, Harald G. L.

2018-02-01

We demonstrate second-harmonic generation (SHG) in an x -cut congruent lithium niobate (LN) whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonator. First, we show theoretically that independent control of the coupling of the pump and signal modes is optimal for high conversion rates. A coupling scheme based on our earlier work [F. Sedlmeir et al., Phys. Rev. Applied 7, 024029 (2017), 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.7.024029] is then implemented experimentally to verify this improvement. Thereby, we are able to improve on the efficiency of SHG by more than an order of magnitude by selectively outcoupling using a LN prism, utilizing the birefringence of it and the resonator in kind. This method is also applicable to other nonlinear processes in WGM resonators.

Bi-material crystalline whispering gallery mode microcavity structure for thermo-opto-mechanical stabilization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Itobe, Hiroki; Nakagawa, Yosuke; Mizumoto, Yuta; Kangawa, Hiroi; Kakinuma, Yasuhiro; Tanabe, Takasumi

2016-05-01

We fabricated a calcium fluoride (CaF2) whispering gallery mode (WGM) microcavity with a computer controlled ultra-precision cutting process. We observed a thermo-opto-mechanical (TOM) oscillation in the CaF2 WGM microcavity, which may influence the stability of the optical output when the cavity is employed for Kerr comb generation. We studied experimentally and numerically the mechanism of the TOM oscillation and showed that it is strongly dependent on cavity diameter. In addition, our numerical study suggests that a microcavity structure fabricated with a hybrid material (i.e. CaF2 and silicon), which is compatible with an ultra-high Q and high thermal conductivity, will allow us to reduce the TOM oscillation and stabilize the optical output.

Test of the FDTD accuracy in the analysis of the scattering resonances associated with high-Q whispering-gallery modes of a circular cylinder.

PubMed

Boriskin, Artem V; Boriskina, Svetlana V; Rolland, Anthony; Sauleau, Ronan; Nosich, Alexander I

2008-05-01

Our objective is the assessment of the accuracy of a conventional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) code in the computation of the near- and far-field scattering characteristics of a circular dielectric cylinder. We excite the cylinder with an electric or magnetic line current and demonstrate the failure of the two-dimensional FDTD algorithm to accurately characterize the emission rate and the field patterns near high-Q whispering-gallery-mode resonances. This is proven by comparison with the exact series solutions. The computational errors in the emission rate are then studied at the resonances still detectable with FDTD, i.e., having Q-factors up to 10(3).

Advanced Forensic Format: an Open Extensible Format for Disk Imaging

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Garfinkel, Simson; Malan, David; Dubec, Karl-Alexander; Stevens, Christopher; Pham, Cecile

This paper describes the Advanced Forensic Format (AFF), which is designed as an alternative to current proprietary disk image formats. AFF offers two significant benefits. First, it is more flexible because it allows extensive metadata to be stored with images. Second, AFF images consume less disk space than images in other formats (e.g., EnCase images). This paper also describes the Advanced Disk Imager, a new program for acquiring disk images that compares favorably with existing alternatives.

Panoramic Views of the Landing site from Sagan Memorial Station

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1997-01-01

Each of these panoramic views is a controlled mosaic of approximately 300 IMP images covering 360 degrees of azimuth and elevations from approximately 4 degrees above the horizon to 45 degrees below it. Simultaneous adjustment of orientations of all images has been performed to minimize discontinuities between images. Mosaics have been highpass-filtered and contrast-enhanced to improve discrimination of details without distorting relative colors overall.

TOP IMAGE: Enhanced true-color image created from the 'Gallery Pan' sequence, acquired on sols 8-10 so that local solar time increases nearly continuously from about 10:00 at the right edge to about 12:00 at the left. Mosaics of images obtained by the right camera through 670 nm, 530 nm, and 440 nm filters were used as red, green and blue channels. Grid ticks indicate azimuth clockwise from north in 30 degree increments and elevation in 15 degree increments.

BOTTOM IMAGE: Anaglyphic stereoimage created from the 'monster pan' sequence, acquired in four sections between about 8:30 and 15:00 local solar time on sol 3. Mosaics of images obtained through the 670 nm filter (left camera) and 530 and 440 nm filters (right camera) were used where available. At the top and bottom, left- and right-camera 670 nm images were used. Part of the northern horizon was not imaged because of the tilt of the lander. This image may be viewed stereoscopically through glasses with a red filter for the left eye and a cyan filter for the right eye.

NOTE: original caption as published in Science Magazine

Mars Pathfinder is the second in NASA's Discovery program of low-cost spacecraft with highly focused science goals. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, developed and manages the Mars Pathfinder mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. JPL is a division of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech).

Photo Gallery for Anacostia Watershed (Washington, DC/Maryland)

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Nanoscale imaging of photocurrent enhancement by resonator array photovoltaic coatings.

PubMed

Ha, Dongheon; Yoon, Yohan; Zhitenev, Nikolai B

2018-04-06

Nanoscale surface patterning commonly used to increase absorption of solar cells can adversely impact the open-circuit voltage due to increased surface area and recombination. Here, we demonstrate absorptivity and photocurrent enhancement using silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) nanosphere arrays on a gallium arsenide (GaAs) solar cell that do not require direct surface patterning. Due to the combined effects of thin-film interference and whispering gallery-like resonances within nanosphere arrays, there is more than 20% enhancement in both absorptivity and photocurrent. To determine the effect of the resonance coupling between nanospheres, we perform a scanning photocurrent microscopy based on a near-field scanning optical microscopy measurement and find a substantial local photocurrent enhancement. The nanosphere-based antireflection coating (ARC), made by the Meyer rod rolling technique, is a scalable and a room-temperature process; and, can replace the conventional thin-film-based ARCs requiring expensive high-temperature vacuum deposition.

Nanoscale imaging of photocurrent enhancement by resonator array photovoltaic coatings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ha, Dongheon; Yoon, Yohan; Zhitenev, Nikolai B.

2018-04-01

Nanoscale surface patterning commonly used to increase absorption of solar cells can adversely impact the open-circuit voltage due to increased surface area and recombination. Here, we demonstrate absorptivity and photocurrent enhancement using silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanosphere arrays on a gallium arsenide (GaAs) solar cell that do not require direct surface patterning. Due to the combined effects of thin-film interference and whispering gallery-like resonances within nanosphere arrays, there is more than 20% enhancement in both absorptivity and photocurrent. To determine the effect of the resonance coupling between nanospheres, we perform a scanning photocurrent microscopy based on a near-field scanning optical microscopy measurement and find a substantial local photocurrent enhancement. The nanosphere-based antireflection coating (ARC), made by the Meyer rod rolling technique, is a scalable and a room-temperature process; and, can replace the conventional thin-film-based ARCs requiring expensive high-temperature vacuum deposition.

Outburst on the Sun

NASA Image and Video Library

2015-03-11

The Sun blew out a coronal mass ejection along with part of a solar filament over a three-hour period (Feb. 24, 2015). While some of the strands fell back into the Sun, a substantial part raced into space in a bright cloud of particles (as observed by the SOHO spacecraft). The activity was captured in a wavelength of extreme ultraviolet light. Because this occurred way over near the edge of the Sun, it was unlikely to have any effect on Earth. Download high res/video file: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/potw/item/603 Credit: NASA/Solar Dynamics Observatory NASA image use policy. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission. Follow us on Twitter Like us on Facebook Find us on Instagram

Education at the Dittrick Museum of Medical History, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

PubMed

Edmonson, James M

2009-01-01

The Dittrick Museum of Medical History pursues an educational mission as being part of a major research university. While the Dittrick dates to 1899 as a historical committee of the Cleveland Medical Library Association, it first affiliated with Case Western Reserve University in 1966, and became a department of the College of Arts and Sciences of CWRU in 1998. The Dittrick maintains a museum exhibition gallery that is open to the public free of charge, and museum staff provide guided tours on appointment. Much of the teaching and instruction at the Dittrick is conducted by university professors; their classes meet in the museum and use museum resources in the form of artifacts, images, archives, and rare books. Class projects using Dittrick collections may take the form of research papers, exhibitions, and online presentations. Dittrick staff assist in these classes and are available to help researchers use museum resources.

Signatures of single-photon interaction between two quantum dots located in different cavities of a weakly coupled double microdisk structure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Seyfferle, S.; Hargart, F.; Jetter, M.; Hu, E.; Michler, P.

2018-01-01

We report on the radiative interaction of two single quantum dots (QDs) each in a separate InP/GaInP-based microdisk cavity via resonant whispering gallery modes. The investigations are based on as-fabricated coupled disk modes. We apply optical spectroscopy involving a 4 f setup, as well as mode-selective real-space imaging and photoluminescence mapping to discern single QDs coupled to a resonant microdisk mode. Excitation of one disk of the double cavity structure and detecting photoluminescence from the other yields proof of single-photon emission of a QD excited by incoherent energy transfer from one disk to the other via a mode in the weak-coupling regime. Finally, we present evidence of photons emitted by a QD in one disk that are transferred to the other disk by a resonant mode and are subsequently resonantly scattered by another QD.

High frequency of trypanosomatids in gallery forest bats of a Neotropical savanna.

PubMed

Lourenço, João Lucas M; Minuzzi-Souza, Thaís T C; Silva, Larissa R; Oliveira, Amanda C; Mendonça, Vagner J; Nitz, Nadjar; Aguiar, Ludmilla M S; Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo

2018-01-01

Bats are well-known hosts of trypanosomatids, though information about their role as reservoirs of these protozoans in the Brazilian savanna is poorly known. We aimed to analyze the occurrence of trypanosomatid species in bats occurring in remnants of gallery forests of Brasília, Federal District of Brazil. We sampled bats using mist nets in six sites, and we collected blood, wing fragments and oral swab samples from all captured individuals. Trypanosomatids were identified in the captured bats through sequencing of the SSUrRNA region and kDNA qPCR. We found no parasite in blood smears of 146 individuals of 14 species captured, but blood cultures were positive for nine bats. We detected trypanosomatids molecularly in 111 (76%) specimens of all bat species in the studied areas. Most of the infected bats had Leishmania-like DNA detected in blood and swab samples of the oral mucosa. We distinguished three species of Trypanosoma (Trypanosoma dionisii, T. rangeli and T. cruzi) in Carollia perspicillata. SSUrRNA PCR of oral samples is a non-invasive and practical method for identification of trypanosomatid species in bats. Our results support our belief that bats could be potential reservoirs for Trypanosoma and Leishmania-like species in the enzootic cycle of these parasites in gallery forests of the Brazilian Cerrado biome. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A mutualism without honeydew: what benefits for Melissotarsus emeryi ants and armored scale insects (Diaspididae)?

PubMed

Peeters, Christian; Foldi, Imre; Matile-Ferrero, Danièle; Fisher, Brian L

2017-01-01

Mutualisms between ants and sap-sucking insects generally involve clear benefits for both partners: the ants provide protection in exchange for honeydew. However, a single ant genus associates with armoured scale insects (Diaspididae) that do not excrete honeydew. We studied three colonies of Melissotarsus emeryi ants from two localities in Mozambique. Vast numbers of the diaspidid Morganella conspicua occupied galleries dug by the ants under the bark of living trees. Unlike free-living M. conspicua and other diaspidids, M. conspicua living with ants are known to lack shields, likely because they gain protection against enemies and desiccation. Nevertheless, we documented the occurrence of rare individuals with shields inside ant galleries, indicating that their glands continue to secrete wax and proteins as building material. This is likely to constitute a significant portion of the ants' diet, in addition to diaspidid exuviae and excretions from the Malpighian tubules. Indeed, Melissotarsus workers cannot walk outside the galleries due to modified middle legs, forcing them to obtain all nourishment within the tree. Melissotarsus founding queens, however, must locate a suitable host tree while flying, and acquire diaspidid crawlers. This mutualism involves ants that are highly specialised to chew through living wood, and diaspidids that can also live freely outside the bark. It is extremely widespread in Africa and Madagascar, recorded from 20 tree families, and harmful effects on plant hosts require rapid study.

A mutualism without honeydew: what benefits for Melissotarsus emeryi ants and armored scale insects (Diaspididae)?

PubMed Central

Foldi, Imre; Matile-Ferrero, Danièle; Fisher, Brian L.

2017-01-01

Mutualisms between ants and sap-sucking insects generally involve clear benefits for both partners: the ants provide protection in exchange for honeydew. However, a single ant genus associates with armoured scale insects (Diaspididae) that do not excrete honeydew. We studied three colonies of Melissotarsus emeryi ants from two localities in Mozambique. Vast numbers of the diaspidid Morganella conspicua occupied galleries dug by the ants under the bark of living trees. Unlike free-living M. conspicua and other diaspidids, M. conspicua living with ants are known to lack shields, likely because they gain protection against enemies and desiccation. Nevertheless, we documented the occurrence of rare individuals with shields inside ant galleries, indicating that their glands continue to secrete wax and proteins as building material. This is likely to constitute a significant portion of the ants’ diet, in addition to diaspidid exuviae and excretions from the Malpighian tubules. Indeed, Melissotarsus workers cannot walk outside the galleries due to modified middle legs, forcing them to obtain all nourishment within the tree. Melissotarsus founding queens, however, must locate a suitable host tree while flying, and acquire diaspidid crawlers. This mutualism involves ants that are highly specialised to chew through living wood, and diaspidids that can also live freely outside the bark. It is extremely widespread in Africa and Madagascar, recorded from 20 tree families, and harmful effects on plant hosts require rapid study. PMID:28761787

Whispering gallery states of neutrons and anti-hydrogen atoms and their applications to fundamental and surface physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nesvizhevsky, Valery

2013-03-01

The `whispering gallery' effect has been known since ancient times for sound waves in air, later in water and more recently for a broad range of electromagnetic waves: radio, optics, Roentgen and so on. It is intensively used and explored due to its numerous crucial applications. It consists of wave localization near a curved reflecting surface and is expected for waves of various natures, for instance, for neutrons and (anti)atoms. For (anti)matter waves, it includes a new feature: a massive particle is settled in quantum states, with parameters depending on its mass. In this talk, we present the first observation of the quantum whispering-gallery effect for matter particles (cold neutrons) 1-2. This phenomenon provides an example of an exactly solvable problem analogous to the `quantum bouncer'; it is complementary to recently discovered gravitational quantum states of neutrons3. These two phenomena provide a direct demonstration of the weak equivalence principle for a massive particle in a quantum state. Deeply bound long-living states are weakly sensitive to surface potential; highly excited short-living states are very sensitive to the wall nuclear potential shape. Therefore, they are a promising tool for studying fundamental neutron-matter interactions, quantum neutron optics and surface physics effects. Analogous phenomena could be measured with atoms and anti-atoms 4-5.

GLCF: Site Map

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Global Land Cover Facility About GLCF Research Publications Data & Products Gallery Library Research Collaborations Land Cover Indicators DISCO ACCESS GFCC Services Contact Us Data Ordering Land

Automated facial recognition of manually generated clay facial approximations: Potential application in unidentified persons data repositories.

PubMed

Parks, Connie L; Monson, Keith L

2018-01-01

This research examined how accurately 2D images (i.e., photographs) of 3D clay facial approximations were matched to corresponding photographs of the approximated individuals using an objective automated facial recognition system. Irrespective of search filter (i.e., blind, sex, or ancestry) or rank class (R 1 , R 10 , R 25 , and R 50 ) employed, few operationally informative results were observed. In only a single instance of 48 potential match opportunities was a clay approximation matched to a corresponding life photograph within the top 50 images (R 50 ) of a candidate list, even with relatively small gallery sizes created from the application of search filters (e.g., sex or ancestry search restrictions). Increasing the candidate lists to include the top 100 images (R 100 ) resulted in only two additional instances of correct match. Although other untested variables (e.g., approximation method, 2D photographic process, and practitioner skill level) may have impacted the observed results, this study suggests that 2D images of manually generated clay approximations are not readily matched to life photos by automated facial recognition systems. Further investigation is necessary in order to identify the underlying cause(s), if any, of the poor recognition results observed in this study (e.g., potential inferior facial feature detection and extraction). Additional inquiry exploring prospective remedial measures (e.g., stronger feature differentiation) is also warranted, particularly given the prominent use of clay approximations in unidentified persons casework. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Composite multilobe descriptors for cross-spectral recognition of full and partial face

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cao, Zhicheng; Schmid, Natalia A.; Bourlai, Thirimachos

2016-08-01

Cross-spectral image matching is a challenging research problem motivated by various applications, including surveillance, security, and identity management in general. An example of this problem includes cross-spectral matching of active infrared (IR) or thermal IR face images against a dataset of visible light images. A summary of recent developments in the field of cross-spectral face recognition by the authors is presented. In particular, it describes the original form and two variants of a local operator named composite multilobe descriptor (CMLD) for facial feature extraction with the purpose of cross-spectral matching of near-IR, short-wave IR, mid-wave IR, and long-wave IR to a gallery of visible light images. The experiments demonstrate that the variants of CMLD outperform the original CMLD and other recently developed composite operators used for comparison. In addition to different IR spectra, various standoff distances from close-up (1.5 m) to intermediate (50 m) and long (106 m) are also investigated. Performance of CMLD I to III is evaluated for each of the three cases of distances. The newly developed operators, CMLD I to III, are further utilized to conduct a study on cross-spectral partial face recognition where different facial regions are compared in terms of the amount of useful information they contain for the purpose of conducting cross-spectral face recognition. The experimental results show that among three facial regions considered in the experiments the eye region is the most informative for all IR spectra at all standoff distances.

Measurement of segmental lumbar spine flexion and extension using ultrasound imaging.

PubMed

Chleboun, Gary S; Amway, Matthew J; Hill, Jesse G; Root, Kara J; Murray, Hugh C; Sergeev, Alexander V

2012-10-01

Clinical measurement, technical note. To describe a technique to measure interspinous process distance using ultrasound (US) imaging, to assess the reliability of the technique, and to compare the US imaging measurements to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements in 3 different positions of the lumbar spine. Segmental spinal motion has been assessed using various imaging techniques, as well as surgically inserted pins. However, some imaging techniques are costly (MRI) and some require ionizing radiation (radiographs and fluoroscopy), and surgical procedures have limited use because of the invasive nature of the technique. Therefore, it is important to have an easily accessible and inexpensive technique for measuring lumbar segmental motion to more fully understand spine motion in vivo, to evaluate the changes that occur with various interventions, and to be able to accurately relate the changes in symptoms to changes in motion of individual vertebral segments. Six asymptomatic subjects participated. The distance between spinous processes at each lumbar segment (L1-2, L2-3, L3-4, L4-5) was measured digitally using MRI and US imaging. The interspinous distance was measured with subjects supine and the lumbar spine in 3 different positions (resting, lumbar flexion, and lumbar extension) for both MRI and US imaging. The differences in distance from neutral to extension, neutral to flexion, and extension to flexion were calculated. The measurement methods had excellent reliability for US imaging (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC3,3] = 0.94; 95% confidence interval: 0.85, 0.97) and MRI (ICC3,3 = 0.98; 95% confidence interval: 0.95, 0.99). The distance measured was similar between US imaging and MRI (P>.05), except at L3-4 flexion-extension (P = .003). On average, the MRI measurements were 1.3 mm greater than the US imaging measurements. This study describes a new method for the measurement of lumbar spine segmental flexion and extension motion using US imaging. The US method may offer an alternative to other imaging techniques to monitor clinical outcomes because of its ease of use and the consistency of measurements compared to MRI.

Photo Gallery for Northwest Indiana Area (Indiana)

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Northwest Indiana Area (Indiana) of the Urban Waters Federal Partnership (UWFP) reconnects urban communities with their waterways by improving coordination among federal agencies and collaborating with community-led efforts.

Soilcrust References

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77 FR 75199 - Notice of Sunshine Act Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-19

... museum and the establishment of the William H. Gross Stamp Gallery. Chairman's Public Comment Period... pending litigation. CONTACT PERSON FOR MORE INFORMATION: Stephen L. Sharfman, General Counsel, Postal...

Gyrotron whispering gallery mode coupler with a mode conversion reflector for exciting a circular symmetric uniform phase RF beam in a corrugated waveguide

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Neilson, Jeffrey M.

A cylindrical waveguide with a mode converter transforms a whispering gallery mode from a gyrotron cylindrical waveguide with a helical cut launch edge to a quasi-Gaussian beam suitable for conveyance through a corrugated waveguide. This quasi-Gaussian beam is radiated away from the waveguide using a spiral cut launch edge, which is in close proximity to a first mode converting reflector. The first mode converting reflector is coupled to a second mode converting reflector which provides an output free-space HE11 mode wave suitable for direct coupling into a corrugated waveguide. The radiated beam produced at the output of the second modemore » converting reflector is substantially circular.« less

Whispering-Gallery Mode Resonators for Detecting Cancer

PubMed Central

Pongruengkiat, Weeratouch; Pechprasarn, Suejit

2017-01-01

Optical resonators are sensors well known for their high sensitivity and fast response time. These sensors have a wide range of applications, including in the biomedical fields, and cancer detection is one such promising application. Sensor diagnosis currently has many limitations, such as being expensive, highly invasive, and time-consuming. New developments are welcomed to overcome these limitations. Optical resonators have high sensitivity, which enable medical testing to detect disease in the early stage. Herein, we describe the principle of whispering-gallery mode and ring optical resonators. We also add to the knowledge of cancer biomarker diagnosis, where we discuss the application of optical resonators for specific biomarkers. Lastly, we discuss advancements in optical resonators for detecting cancer in terms of their ability to detect small amounts of cancer biomarkers. PMID:28902169

Wireless Sensor Platform for Cultural Heritage Monitoring and Modeling System

PubMed Central

Bermudez, Sergio A.; Schrott, Alejandro G.; Tsukada, Masahiko; Kargere, Lucretia; Marianno, Fernando; Hamann, Hendrik F.; López, Vanessa; Leona, Marco

2017-01-01

Results from three years of continuous monitoring of environmental conditions using a wireless sensor platform installed at The Cloisters, the medieval branch of the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art, are presented. The platform comprises more than 200 sensors that were distributed in five galleries to assess temperature and air flow and to quantify microclimate changes using physics-based and statistical models. The wireless sensor network data shows a very stable environment within the galleries, while the dense monitoring enables localized monitoring of subtle changes in air quality trends and impact of visitors on the microclimate conditions. The high spatial and temporal resolution data serves as a baseline study to understand the impact of visitors and building operations on the long-term preservation of art objects. PMID:28858223

Wireless Sensor Platform for Cultural Heritage Monitoring and Modeling System.

PubMed

Klein, Levente J; Bermudez, Sergio A; Schrott, Alejandro G; Tsukada, Masahiko; Dionisi-Vici, Paolo; Kargere, Lucretia; Marianno, Fernando; Hamann, Hendrik F; López, Vanessa; Leona, Marco

2017-08-31

Results from three years of continuous monitoring of environmental conditions using a wireless sensor platform installed at The Cloisters, the medieval branch of the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art, are presented. The platform comprises more than 200 sensors that were distributed in five galleries to assess temperature and air flow and to quantify microclimate changes using physics-based and statistical models. The wireless sensor network data shows a very stable environment within the galleries, while the dense monitoring enables localized monitoring of subtle changes in air quality trends and impact of visitors on the microclimate conditions. The high spatial and temporal resolution data serves as a baseline study to understand the impact of visitors and building operations on the long-term preservation of art objects.

Lesbian identity and the politics of representation in Betty Parsons's gallery.

PubMed

Gibson, A

1994-01-01

Although Betty Parsons had been unusually open about her love relationships with women in the twenties and thirties, she later became reticent, retiring to the closet. Her increased discretion after World War II, during the Cold War, coincided with her rise as the art dealer most prominently associated with the international emergence of Abstract Expressionism. Parsons incurred the objections of her Abstract Expressionists, however, by showing artists who included both abstraction and naturalism in their work, such as Sonia Sekula, Forrest Bess, and Hedda Sterne. This article examines her definition of abstraction as difference through her friend Theodoros Stamos's notion of camp and helps to explain her admiration of Barnett Newman despite her refusal to devote her gallery exclusively to his narrower version of significant abstraction.

Active chiral control of GHz acoustic whispering-gallery modes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mezil, Sylvain; Fujita, Kentaro; Otsuka, Paul H.; Tomoda, Motonobu; Clark, Matt; Wright, Oliver B.; Matsuda, Osamu

2017-10-01

We selectively generate chiral surface-acoustic whispering-gallery modes in the gigahertz range on a microscopic disk by means of an ultrafast time-domain technique incorporating a spatial light modulator. Active chiral control is achieved by making use of an optical pump spatial profile in the form of a semicircular arc, positioned on the sample to break the symmetry of clockwise- and counterclockwise-propagating modes. Spatiotemporal Fourier transforms of the interferometrically monitored two-dimensional acoustic fields measured to micron resolution allow individual chiral modes and their azimuthal mode order, both positive and negative, to be distinguished. In particular, for modes with 15-fold rotational symmetry, we demonstrate ultrafast chiral control of surface acoustic waves in a micro-acoustic system with picosecond temporal resolution. Applications include nondestructive testing and surface acoustic wave devices.

Whispering-gallery nanocavity plasmon-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

PubMed Central

Zhang, Jing; Li, Jinxing; Tang, Shiwei; Fang, Yangfu; Wang, Jiao; Huang, Gaoshan; Liu, Ran; Zheng, Lirong; Cui, Xugao; Mei, Yongfeng

2015-01-01

The synergy effect in nature could enable fantastic improvement of functional properties and associated effects. The detection performance of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) can be highly strengthened under the cooperation with other factors. Here, greatly-enhanced SERS detection is realized based on rolled-up tubular nano-resonators decorated with silver nanoparticles. The synergy effect between whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) and surface plasmon leads to an extra enhancement at the order of 105 compared to non-resonant flat SERS substrates, which can be well tuned by altering the diameter of micron- and nanotubes and the excitation laser wavelengths. Such synchronous and coherent coupling between plasmonics and photonics could lead to new principle and design for various sub-wavelength optical devices, e.g. plasmonic waveguides and hyperbolic metamaterials. PMID:26443526

Eastern Hudson Bay, Canada

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-12-08

Each winter sea ice forms over the salty waters of frigid northeastern Canada's Hudson Bay. As sunlight lengthens and weather warms, ice begins to break up and melt, with retreat typically starting in May and melt-out completed sometime in July. Since the 1970s, the timing of sea ice breakup in Hudson Bay has changed, with melting beginning earlier in the spring. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard NASA’s Aqua satellite captured this a true-color image of Hudson Bay on March 26, 2013. Although snow still covers the surrounding land, ice has already begun to retreat from much of the eastern shore of the Bay visible in the image. A ring of bright white ice remains solidly frozen around the Belcher Islands in the southeast section of the Bay, but this ring is surrounded by blue waters and large chunks of ice. In the southwest, a similar situation is seen at Akimiski Island. The shelf of bright white ice gives way to open water in the south, as well as fractured, blue-tinted ice. The blue tint generally indicates water logging as ice begins to soften. The Aqua satellite captured a similar image of early ice melt on Hudson Bay on April 6, 2012. That image can be viewed at: modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/individual.php?db_date=2012-0... NASA image use policy. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission. Follow us on Twitter Like us on Facebook Find us on Instagram

Perfect in Every Sense. Scientific Iconography on an Equation Clock by Jost Bürgi and the Self-Understanding of the Astronomers at the Kassel Court in the Late 1580s.

PubMed

Gaulke, Karsten

2015-01-01

At the center of this article is an iconographic analysis of the eight silver reliefs on the sides of a table clock made in 1591 by Jost Burgi, the court clockmaker of Landgrave Wilhelm iv of Hessen-Kassel. The reliefs present an astronomical ancestral picture gallery, running from the Patriarchs of the Old Testament to Copernicus. The author argues that the "storyboard" for this sequence of images must have been conceived down to its smallest details by the Kassel court astronomer Christoph Rothmann; indeed, many of the scenes shown, along with many particular details depicted within them, are literally described in Rothmann's never-published manuscript Observationes stellarum fixarum of 1589. The final section of the essay compares these reliefs to the images created for Tycho Brahe at his Uraniborg and Stjerneborg observatories. The author concludes that the sequence of the reliefs in Kassel, culminating in the representation of Copernicus and his world view, is a reflection of the acrimonious debate extending over many years between the heliocentrist Rothmann and the geo-heliocentrist Brahe regarding the veracity of the heliocentric world view.

Goldstone Tracking the Echo Satelloon.

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-10-27

This archival image was released as part of a gallery comparing JPL’s past and present, commemorating the 80th anniversary of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory on Oct. 31, 2016. This photograph shows the first pass of Echo 1, NASA's first communications satellite, over the Goldstone Tracking Station managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, in Pasadena, California, in the early morning of Aug. 12, 1960. The movement of the antenna, star trails (shorter streaks), and Echo 1 (the long streak in the middle) are visible in this image. Project Echo bounced radio signals off a 10-story-high, aluminum-coated balloon orbiting the Earth. This form of "passive" satellite communication -- which mission managers dubbed a "satelloon" -- was an idea conceived by an engineer from NASA's Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, and was a project managed by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. JPL's role involved sending and receiving signals through two of its 85-foot-diameter (26-meter-diameter) antennas at the Goldstone Tracking Station in California's Mojave Desert. The Goldstone station later became part of NASA's Deep Space Network. JPL, a division of Caltech in Pasadena, California, manages the Deep Space Network for NASA. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA21114

Web based scoring is useful for validation and harmonisation of scoring criteria within RENEB.

PubMed

Romm, Horst; Ainsbury, Elizabeth A; Barquinero, Joan Francesc; Barrios, Leonardo; Beinke, Christina; Cucu, Alexandra; Domene, Mercedes Moreno; Filippi, Silvia; Monteiro Gil, Octávia; Gregoire, Eric; Hadjidekova, Valeria; Hatzi, Vasia; Lindholm, Carita; M Kacher, Radhia; Montoro, Alegria; Moquet, Jayne; Noditi, Mihaela; Oestreicher, Ursula; Palitti, Fabrizio; Pantelias, Gabriel; Prieto, María Jesús; Popescu, Irina; Rothkamm, Kai; Sebastià, Natividad; Sommer, Sylwester; Terzoudi, Georgia; Testa, Antonella; Wojcik, Andrzej

2017-01-01

To establish a training data set of digital images and to investigate the scoring criteria and dose assessment of the dicentric assay within the European network of biodosimetry (RENEB), a web based scoring inter-comparison was undertaken by 17 RENEB partners. Two sets of 50 high resolution images were uploaded onto the RENEB website. One set included metaphases after a moderate exposure (1.3 Gy) and the other set consisted of metaphases after a high dose exposure (3.5 Gy). The laboratories used their own calibration curves for estimating doses based on observed aberration frequencies. The dose estimations and 95% confidence limits were compared to the actual doses and the corresponding z-values were satisfactory for the majority; only the dose estimations from two laboratories were too low or too high. The coefficients of variation were 17.6% for the moderate and 11.2% for the high dose. Metaphases with controversial results could be identified for training purposes. Overall, the web based scoring of the two galleries by the 17 laboratories produced very good results. Application of web based scoring for the dicentric assay may therefore be a relevant strategy for an operational biodosimetry assistance network.

Mars Pathfinder Landing Site and Surroundings

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2007-01-01

NASA's Mars Pathfinder landed on Mars on July 4, 1997, and continued operating until Sept. 27 of that year. The landing site is on an ancient flood plain of the Ares and Tiu outflow channels. The High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter took an image on Dec. 21, 2006, that provides unprecedented detail of the geology of the region and hardware on the surface.

[figure removed for brevity, see original site] HiRISE Image This is the entire image. The crater at center bottom was unofficially named 'Big Crater' by the Pathfinder team. Its wall was visible from Pathfinder, located 3 kilometers (2 miles) to the north. The two bright features to the upper left of Big Crater are the 'Twin Peaks,' also observed by Pathfinder. The bright mound to the upper right of the Twin Peaks is 'North Knob,' seen in Pathfinder images as peaking over the horizon.

At this scale there is no obvious geologic evidence of an ancient flood. Rather, impact craters dominate the scene, attesting to an old surface. The age is probably on the order of 1.8 billion to 3.5 billion years, when the Ares and Tiu floods are estimated to have occurred. Wind-formed linear ripples and dunes are seen throughout and are concentrated within craters. Sets of polygonal ridges of enigmatic origin are seen east of the Pathfinder lander. Rocks are visible over the entire image, with heavy concentrations near fresh-looking craters. Most of them are probably blocks tossed outward by crater-forming impacts.

The complete image is centered at 19.1 degrees north latitude, 326.8 degrees east longitude. The range to the target site was 284.7 kilometers (177.9 miles). At this distance the image scale is 28.5 centimeters (11 inches) per pixel, so objects about 85 centimeters (33 inches) across are resolved. The image shown here has been map-projected to 25 centimeters (10 inches) per pixel. North is up. The image was taken at a local Mars time of 3:35 p.m., and the scene is illuminated from the west with a solar incidence angle of 52 degrees, thus the sun was about 38 degrees above the horizon. At a solar longitude of 154.0 degrees, the season on Mars is northern summer.

[figure removed for brevity, see original site] Landing Site Region This is a close-up of the area in the vicinity of the Pathfinder landing site. Major features are named. The white box outlines the area of the image, discussed next, where hardware is seen.

[figure removed for brevity, see original site] Hardware on the Surface This image shows the Pathfinder lander on the surface. Zooming in, one can discern the ramps, science deck, and portions of the airbags on the Pathfinder lander. (See next image for closer view.) The back shell and parachute are to the south, and four features that may be portions of the heat shield are identified. Two of these were visible from Pathfinder. At the time of that mission, the nearest object was provisionally identified as the back shell. However, analysis of the HiRISE image and reinterpretation of Pathfinder images, plus an improved understanding of how hardware looks on the Martian surface based on ground-level and orbital images of the Mars Exploration Rover landing sites, indicate that the glint is bright enough that it may be insulating material from inside the heat shield. The back shell and parachute were out of sight behind a ridge from Pathfinder's ground view. One of the three bright features, identified as heat shield debris, was also identified during the Pathfinder mission.

[figure removed for brevity, see original site] [figure removed for brevity, see original site] Annotated Version Unannotated Version Topographic Map of Landing Site Region Portions of the HiRISE image are overlaid onto color-coded topographic maps constructed by the U.S. Geological Survey from stereo images acquired by the Imager for Mars Pathfinder on the lander. The white feature at the center is Pathfinder lander. The scales on the x and y axes are in meters, with the lander as the zero point. The color code for elevation relative to the lander is different in the left and right images, and shown in meters underneath each image. The correspondence between the overhead view revealed by HiRISE and the positions of topographic features inferred almost a decade ago from Pathfinder's horizontal view of the landscape is striking. The close-up on the right complements panoramas taken by the lander's camera, including the accompanying composite version showing the Sojourner rover at various locations it reached during the mission.

[figure removed for brevity, see original site] Mars Pathfinder Gallery Panorama This version of the Gallery Panorama taken with the lander's Imager for Mars Pathfinder camera shows many of the locations where the mission's Sojourner rover ended a Martian day during the 12-week mission. (There was only one Sojourner. The image is a composite.) One annotation indicates the last known position of Sojourner, near the rock 'Chimp,' at the time of the final data transmission from the lander. The location labeled 'Sojourner?' has been tentatively identified as the current position of the rover based on comparison of the ground-level view with the Dec. 21, 2006, image from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. At the proposed current location of the rover, a feature can be discerned in the 2006 orbital image that is about the right size for Sojourner and wasn't present when the Gallery Panorama was taken. Some rocks and other features that can be identified in the orbiter's high-resolution view are labeled in this ground-level view.

[figure removed for brevity, see original site] Topographic Perspective of Landing Site Region) This is a perspective view based on the topographic map and artificial color derived from Pathfinder and other data. The vertical scale is exaggerated by a factor of three, compared with horizontal dimensions. The white feature at center is the Pathfinder lander. It appears flat because the topographic map derived from the Imager for Mars Pathfinder data did not include the spacecraft itself.

Automatic labeling of MR brain images through extensible learning and atlas forests.

PubMed

Xu, Lijun; Liu, Hong; Song, Enmin; Yan, Meng; Jin, Renchao; Hung, Chih-Cheng

2017-12-01

Multiatlas-based method is extensively used in MR brain images segmentation because of its simplicity and robustness. This method provides excellent accuracy although it is time consuming and limited in terms of obtaining information about new atlases. In this study, an automatic labeling of MR brain images through extensible learning and atlas forest is presented to address these limitations. We propose an extensible learning model which allows the multiatlas-based framework capable of managing the datasets with numerous atlases or dynamic atlas datasets and simultaneously ensure the accuracy of automatic labeling. Two new strategies are used to reduce the time and space complexity and improve the efficiency of the automatic labeling of brain MR images. First, atlases are encoded to atlas forests through random forest technology to reduce the time consumed for cross-registration between atlases and target image, and a scatter spatial vector is designed to eliminate errors caused by inaccurate registration. Second, an atlas selection method based on the extensible learning model is used to select atlases for target image without traversing the entire dataset and then obtain the accurate labeling. The labeling results of the proposed method were evaluated in three public datasets, namely, IBSR, LONI LPBA40, and ADNI. With the proposed method, the dice coefficient metric values on the three datasets were 84.17 ± 4.61%, 83.25 ± 4.29%, and 81.88 ± 4.53% which were 5% higher than those of the conventional method, respectively. The efficiency of the extensible learning model was evaluated by state-of-the-art methods for labeling of MR brain images. Experimental results showed that the proposed method could achieve accurate labeling for MR brain images without traversing the entire datasets. In the proposed multiatlas-based method, extensible learning and atlas forests were applied to control the automatic labeling of brain anatomies on large atlas datasets or dynamic atlas datasets and obtain accurate results. © 2017 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

Temporal behavior of a ventilated claystone at the Tournemire URL: Cross-spectral analyses focused on daily harmonics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bailly, David; Matray, Jean-Michel; Ababou, Rachid

2014-12-01

The main topic of this communication is the presentation of study, auscultation and supervision procedures of deep geological radioactive waste storage repositories using natural harmonic forcings. In this paper, the effects of natural ventilation on the macroscopic behavior of a clayrock are investigated by means of time series recorded underground over a period of two years in the eastern part of Gallery 1996 at the Tournemire Underground Research Laboratory (URL). This study is based on time series acquired in theatmosphere, at the gallery wall surface, and inside the rock mass. It includes measured signals from 6 thermo-hygrometers, 5 crack-meters (measuring the displacement of 2 shrinkage cracks and 3 tectonic fractures), and a 1 meter-FDR (Frequency Domain Reflectometry) profile probe equipped with 6 sensors for measuring the volumetric pore-water content into the rock mass. Auto-spectral and cross-spectral analyses using the concept of Singular Spectrum Harmonics (SSHs and cross-SSHs) are developed. Our analyses and interpretations focus here mainly on the solar diurnal atmospheric tide (denoted S1 ). This tide corresponds to the insolation cycle of the Earth atmosphere during a mean Solar Day (24 h 00 min). This component is tracked throughout the various measured signals ("Spectral Tracking" of tide fluctuations across signals). This is equivalent, in a way, to analyzing the temporal behavior of the URL during a "Mean Solar Day on Earth". Results indicate that the daily natural forcing caused mainly by a combination of barometric and temperature related fluctuations, is the most important effect overall on our various signals. The daily harmonic induces the fluctuations of gallery air temperature, relative and absolute air humidity and it leads to desaturation of the claystone, which in turn leads to the claystone deformation and damage. The effects of the annual harmonic SA may also be significant (it was fully analyzed in the more complete version of this work); however the SA results are not presented here because the spectral resolution on the annual harmonic is insufficient at this stage with only 2 years and 2 months of clean recorded data. Focusing the present study on daily fluctuations, the cross-spectral time shifts were obtained from the phase spectrum, for the daily component S1, for various pairs of pore-water content sensors located at different distances from the gallery wall. These time shifts were then used to quantify a "spectral velocity" which is found to be on the same order than the hydraulic conductivities deduced previously from pneumatic tests performed in the Excavation Damaged Zone of Gallery 1996.

Sustainability

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JunoCam Images of Jupiter: A Juno Citizen Science Experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hansen, Candice; Ravine, Michael; Bolton, Scott; Caplinger, Mike; Eichstadt, Gerald; Jensen, Elsa; Momary, Thomas W.; Orton, Glenn S.; Rogers, John

2017-10-01

The Juno mission to Jupiter carries a visible imager on its payload primarily for outreach. The vision of JunoCam’s outreach plan was for the public to participate in, not just observe, a science investigation. Four webpage components were developed for uploading and downloading comments and images, following the steps a traditional imaging team would do: Planning, Discussion, Voting, and Processing, hosted at https://missionjuno.swri.edu/junocam. Lightly processed and raw JunoCam data are posted. JunoCam images through broadband red, green and blue filters and a narrowband methane filter centered at 889 nm mounted directly on the detector. JunoCam is a push-frame imager with a 58 deg wide field of view covering a 1600 pixel width, and builds the second dimension of the image as the spacecraft rotates. This design enables capture of the entire pole of Jupiter in a single image at low emission angle when Juno is ~1 hour from perijove (closest approach). At perijove the wide field of view images are high-resolution while still capturing entire storms, e.g. the Great Red Spot. The public is invited to download JunoCam images, process them, and then upload their products. Over 2000 images have been uploaded to the JunoCam public image gallery. Contributions range from scientific quality to artful whimsy. Artistic works are inspired by Van Gogh and Monet. Works of whimsy include how Jupiter might look through the viewport of the Millennium Falcon, or to an angel perched on a lookout, or through a kaleidoscope. Citizen scientists have also engaged in serious quantitative analysis of the images, mapping images to storms and disruptions of the belts and zones that have been tracked from the earth. They are developing a phase function for Jupiter that allows the images to be flattened from the subsolar point to the terminator, and studying high hazes. Citizen scientists are also developing time-lapse movies, measuring wind flow, tracking circulation patterns in the circumpolar cyclones, and looking for lightning flashes. This effort has engaged the public, with a range of personal interests and considerable artistic and analytic talents. In return, we count our diverse public as partners in this endeavor.

Discrimination and Biophysical Characterization of Land Cover Types and Land Conversions in the Brazilian Cerrado Using EO-1 Hyperion Hyperspectral Imagery

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miura, T.; Huete, A. R.; Ferreira, L.

2002-12-01

The savanna, typically found in the sub-tropics and seasonal tropics, are the dominant vegetation biome type in the southern hemisphere, covering approximately 45 % of the South America. In Brazil, the savanna, locally known as "cerrado", is the most intensely stressed biome with rapid and aggressive land use conversions. Better characterization and discrimination of cerrado land cover types are needed in order to improve assessments of the impact of these land cover conversions on carbon storage, nutrient dynamics, and the prospect for sustainable land use in the Amazon region. In this study, we explored the utility of hyperspectral remote sensing in improving discrimination and biophysical/biochemical characterization of the cerrado land cover types by taking advantage of a newly available satellite-based, hyperspectral imaging sensor, "EO-1 Hyperion". A Hyperion image was acquired over the Brasilia National Park (BNP) and surrounding areas in Brasilia on July 20, 2001. Two commonly-used techniques, spectral derivatives and spectral mixture modeling, were applied to the atmospherically-corrected Hyperion scene. Derivative spectroscopy was useful in analyzing variations in spectral signatures and absorption depths, while spectral mixture modeling provided a means to simultaneously analyze variations in component fractions of photosynthetic vegetation (PV), non-photosynthetic vegetation (NPV), and soil brightness. Data sets were extracted over a range of land cover types typically found in the Brazilian Cerrado. These included cerrado grassland, shrub cerrado, wooded cerrado, and cerrado woodland as undisturbed cerrado land cover types, and gallery forest as an undisturbed forest cover type in the Cerrado domain, and cultivated pasture as a converted land cover. In the derivative spectra analysis, both the position and magnitude of the red edge peak, and the ligno-cellulose absorptions at 2090nm and around 2300nm wavelengths showed large differences among the land cover types with the absorption depth of the latter correlating well with ground-measured % NPV cover. The multi-component fractional estimates successfully discriminated pasture and gallery forest from other cerrado land cover types. Likewise, PV and NPV fractional estimates for cerrado land cover types correlated well with ground-measured % green and NPV covers, respectively. These preliminary analyses showed a great potential of hyperspectral data in biophysical/biochemical characterization as well as discrimination of the land cover types in the Brazilian cerrado.

The Dust Cycle Observed by Pathfinder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smith, P. H.; Lemmon, M. T.; Tomasko, M. G.

1998-09-01

The Imager for Mars Pathfinder observed the Sun through special filters nearly every sol throughout the 83 sol mission; a total of 1733 images of the Sun have been obtained. Optical depths at four wavelengths (450, 670, 883, and 989 nm) steadily increased from 0.4 to 0.6 during the mission (Ls 145-185). Comparing observations taken in the morning to those from the afternoon shows a general variability with the morning haze being somewhat thicker by 0.1 optical depths. Typically, the trend is more pronounced in the blue wavelength band; we interpret this to be the influence of a high level haze of water ice crystals that forms in the early morning and evaporates during the day. Small, Rayleigh scattering crystals explains the spectral signature that we measure. It may be that this upper haze layer is associated with the small, ice crystals seen by Mariner 9, the Viking orbiters, and the Phobos orbiter. UV images taken by HST show strong limb brightening that can be explained by this high level ice. Calculations of the haze lifetimes given the sedimentation rates measured from the Rover's solar panels and the magnetic targets, suggest that the haze should completely deposit onto the surface within 120 days. A primary mechanism for replenishing the haze may be the dust devils that were observed during the sol 11 gallery pan.

Art within the Healing Process.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wasserman, Burton

1982-01-01

Describes the impact of introducing an art gallery into a New Jersey hospital. Adding art to the hospital environment improved patient morale, reduced stress, and supported the work of psychiatric art therapists. (AM)

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Evaluation of Criteria for the Detection of Fires in Underground Conveyor Belt Haulageways

PubMed Central

Litton, Charles D.; Perera, Inoka Eranda

2015-01-01

Large-scale experiments were conducted in an above-ground gallery to simulate typical fires that develop along conveyor belt transport systems within underground coal mines. In the experiments, electrical strip heaters, imbedded ~5 cm below the top surface of a large mass of coal rubble, were used to ignite the coal, producing an open flame. The flaming coal mass subsequently ignited 1.83-meter-wide conveyor belts located approximately 0.30 m above the coal surface. Gas samples were drawn through an averaging probe located approximately 20 m downstream of the coal for continuous measurement of CO, CO2, and O2 as the fire progressed through the stages of smoldering coal, flaming coal, and flaming conveyor belt. Also located approximately 20 m from the fire origin and approximately 0.5 m below the roof of the gallery were two commercially available smoke detectors, a light obscuration meter, and a sampling probe for measurement of total mass concentration of smoke particles. Located upstream of the fire origin and also along the wall of the gallery at approximately 14 m and 5 m upstream were two video cameras capable of both smoke and flame detection. During the experiments, alarm times of the smoke detectors and video cameras were measured while the smoke obscuration and total smoke mass were continually measured. Twelve large-scale experiments were conducted using three different types of fire-resistant conveyor belts and four air velocities for each belt. The air velocities spanned the range from 1.0 m/s to 6.9 m/s. The results of these experiments are compared to previous large-scale results obtained using a smaller fire gallery and much narrower (1.07-m) conveyor belts to determine if the fire detection criteria previously developed (1) remained valid for the wider conveyor belts. Although some differences between these and the previous experiments did occur, the results, in general, compare very favorably. Differences are duly noted and their impact on fire detection discussed. PMID:26566298

Biscrolling nanotube sheets and functional guests into yarns

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baughman, Ray

2011-03-01

Multifunctional applications of textiles have been limited by the inability to spin important materials into yarns. Generically applicable methods are demonstrated for producing weavable yarns comprising up to 95 wt % of otherwise unspinnable particulate or nanofiber powders that remain highly functional. Scrolled 50 nm thick carbon nanotube sheets confine these powders in the galleries of irregular scroll sacks, whose observed complex structures are related to twist-dependent extension of Archimedean spirals, Fermat spirals, or spiral pairs into scrolls. The strength and electronic connectivity of a small weight fraction of scrolled carbon nanotube sheet enables yarn weaving, sewing, knotting, braiding, and charge collection. This technology is used to make yarns of superconductors, Li-ion battery materials, graphene ribbons, catalytic nanofibers for fuel cells, and Ti O2 for photocatalysis. Work done in collaboration with Shaoli Fang, Xavier Lepro-Chavez, Chihye Lewis, Raquel Ovalle-Robles, Javier Carratero-Gonzalez, Elisabet Castillo-Martinez, Mikhail Kozlov, Jiyoung Oh, Neema Rawat, Carter Haines, Mohammed Haque, Vaishnavi Aare, Stephanie Stoughton, Anvar Zakhidov, and Ray Baughman, The University of Texas at Dallas / Alan G. MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute.

Single-mode tunable laser emission in the single-exciton regime from colloidal nanocrystals

PubMed Central

Grivas, Christos; Li, Chunyong; Andreakou, Peristera; Wang, Pengfei; Ding, Ming; Brambilla, Gilberto; Manna, Liberato; Lagoudakis, Pavlos

2013-01-01

Whispering-gallery-mode resonators have been extensively used in conjunction with different materials for the development of a variety of photonic devices. Among the latter, hybrid structures, consisting of dielectric microspheres and colloidal core/shell semiconductor nanocrystals as gain media, have attracted interest for the development of microlasers and studies of cavity quantum electrodynamic effects. Here we demonstrate single-exciton, single-mode, spectrally tuned lasing from ensembles of optical antenna-designed, colloidal core/shell CdSe/CdS quantum rods deposited on silica microspheres. We obtain single-exciton emission by capitalizing on the band structure of the specific core/shell architecture that strongly localizes holes in the core, and the two-dimensional quantum confinement of electrons across the elongated shell. This creates a type-II conduction band alignment driven by coulombic repulsion that eliminates non-radiative multi-exciton Auger recombination processes, thereby inducing a large exciton–bi-exciton energy shift. Their ultra-low thresholds and single-mode, single-exciton emission make these hybrid lasers appealing for various applications, including quantum information processing. PMID:23974520

Magnetochronology and stratigraphy at Gran Dolina section, Atapuerca (Burgos, Spain).

PubMed

Parés, J M; Pérez-González, A

1999-01-01

The Atapuerca Site (Burgos, N. Spain) is an extensive archaeological site which has yielded numerous human fossil remains. The Gran Dolina section, one of the open-air excavations and subject of this study, consists of a sedimentary infilling of 18 m thickness in a gallery originated by karstification of the host Cretaceous limestones. In this paper we present new stratigraphic and paleomagnetic evidence for the age and the sedimentary environment of the karst infilling where the archaeological site is located. Paleomagnetic dating places the hominids (Aurora stratum) in the Matuyama reversed Chron, hence before 780 ka. We also report evidence for a short normal polarity event at the bottom of the section that we speculate as being Jaramillo or Kamikatsura. The early and well-constrained date of the Atapuerca archaeological site, its location in the cul-de-sac we know as Europe, its stratigraphic context, the abundant fossil remains and the stone tool industry make it one of the most important localities for the question of the earliest human occupation in Europe. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.

R3D Align web server for global nucleotide to nucleotide alignments of RNA 3D structures.

PubMed

Rahrig, Ryan R; Petrov, Anton I; Leontis, Neocles B; Zirbel, Craig L

2013-07-01

The R3D Align web server provides online access to 'RNA 3D Align' (R3D Align), a method for producing accurate nucleotide-level structural alignments of RNA 3D structures. The web server provides a streamlined and intuitive interface, input data validation and output that is more extensive and easier to read and interpret than related servers. The R3D Align web server offers a unique Gallery of Featured Alignments, providing immediate access to pre-computed alignments of large RNA 3D structures, including all ribosomal RNAs, as well as guidance on effective use of the server and interpretation of the output. By accessing the non-redundant lists of RNA 3D structures provided by the Bowling Green State University RNA group, R3D Align connects users to structure files in the same equivalence class and the best-modeled representative structure from each group. The R3D Align web server is freely accessible at http://rna.bgsu.edu/r3dalign/.

Preliminary results on variations of radon concentration associated with rock deformation in a uranium mine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Verdoya, Massimo; Bochiolo, Massimo; Chiozzi, Paolo; Pasquale, Vincenzo; Armadillo, Egidio; Rizzello, Daniele; Chiaberto, Enrico

2013-04-01

Time-series of radon concentration and environmental parameters were recently recorded in a uranium mine gallery, located in the Maritime Alps (NW Italy). The mine was bored in metarhyolites and porphyric schists mainly composed by quartz, feldspar, sericite and fluorite. U-bearing minerals are generally concentrated in veins heterogeneously spaced and made of crystals of metaautunite and metatorbernite. Radon air concentration monitoring was performed with an ionization chamber which was placed at the bottom of the gallery. Hourly mean values of temperature, pressure, and relative humidity were also measured. External data of atmospheric temperature, pressure and rainfall were also available from a meteorological station located nearby, at a similar altitude of the mine. The analysis of the time series recorded showed variation of radon concentration, of large amplitude, exhibiting daily and half-daily periods, which do not seem correlated with meteorological records. Searching for the origin of radon concentration changes and monitoring their amplitude as a function of time can provide important clues on the complex emanation process. During this process, radon reaches the air- and water-filled interstices by recoil and diffusion, where its migration is directed towards lower concentration regions, following the local gradient. The radon emanation from the rock matrix could also be controlled by stress changes acting on the rate of migration of radon into fissures, and fractures. This may yield emanation boosts due to rock extension and the consequent crack broadening, and emanation decrease when joints between cracks close. Thus, besides interaction and mass transfer with the external atmospheric environment, one possible explanation for the periodic changes in radon concentrations in the investigated mine, could be the variation of rock deformation related to lunar-solar tides. The large variation of concentration could be also due to the fact that the mine is located next to the Ligurian Sea coast. When the sea tides change the water level at the shore, this might produce additional pressure which increases the deformations (sea loading). This paper presents the preliminary results of an experiment, which is in progress in the uranium mine. During the experiment, several geophysical parameters are monitored together with radon concentration. After appropriate insulation in order to prevent radon escape through normal atmospheric circulation, the gallery was equipped with three radon detectors, four passive dosimeters, an array of unpolarisable electrodes for measurements of self-potential variations and a microgravimeter for monitoring of the tidal effect. We expect that changes in the mechanical state can be accompanied by changes in the electric potential. Since the latter variation can be related also to changes in the natural magnetic field, measurements with a three components fluxgate magnetometer are also being carried out. The recorded signals will be analysed according to standard procedures, such as spectral analysis and cross-correlation, aimed at discriminating the periodic components and the governing physical processes.

Influence of stratigraphic factors on the failure mechanisms of sinkholes related to man-made underground caves at Cutrofiano (South-Eastern Italy)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lollino, Piernicola; Margiotta, Stefano; Parise, Mario

2013-04-01

An increasing number of areas in southern Italy are being interested by sinkholes related to the presence of man-made cavities, with underground quarries representing the more problematic typology of anthropogenic caves in terms of instability. The case of Cutrofiano (Apulia, SE Italy) is here presented as a representative case study. This territory is well known for the underground quarrying activity of soft calcarenitic rocks that caused in the last decades widespread phenomena of subsidence at the surface, with extensive damage and problems to the main communication routes in the area. A very complex and intricate network of subterranean galleries is present underground, for a total development on the order of several tens of kilometres. The Gravina Calcarenite Formation, that is the object of the underground quarries, consists of whitish calcarenite with an upper greenish clayey-sandy interval rich in fossils. This formation is overlain by grey sandy clays (Subapennine Clays) grading upward to fossil-rich sands (Brindisi Sands). In recent years, clay mining has been resumed at the ground surface, following the opening of a cement factory, and resulting in the realization of wide open-pit quarries. The local sedimentary sequence is closed by terraced calcarenite deposits, that holds a phreatic groundwater body. The results of detailed geological, geomorphological and geomechanical surveys, supported by laboratory tests, show that in the Cutrofiano area the thickness of the stratigraphical succession, the depth of the underground galleries, the structural conditions of the rock mass, and the failure mechanisms observed within the quarries are variable. The geological model reconstructed represents the base for the implementation of numerical simulations, which are aimed at defining the eventual mechanisms of rock failure, up to the formation of the sinkhole. Local changes in the stratigraphy are very common in the area, due to the overall slight attitude of the strata, dipping toward the SW, and to lateral variations in the geological succession. Thus, at least two different geological settings may be recognized: the first is typical of those areas closest to the town, where the calcarenite rock mass is at low depth, and appears to be covered by very thin deposits; in such a situation, the underground quarries develop at depths ranging from 7 to 10 meters below the ground surface. The second setting, which typically characterizes the sectors a few kilometres farther south, shows, on the other hand, the presence of thick cover of the clay-sandy intervals, and has the galleries of underground quarries located at depth variable from 15 to 45 m. Starting from these different situations, two-dimensional numerical analyses have been developed by using the finite element method to investigate the stress-strain evolution of the rock mass surrounding the galleries due to long-term degradation of the rock properties induced by weathering and water infiltration. The results obtained from the numerical simulations point out a quite different behaviour between the two geological settings, since the presence of the significant clay layer overlying the calcarenite substratum affects the geometry of the subsidence cone, and, consequently, the real extent of the likely sinkholes at the surface. These outcomes are of great importance to highlight the need to use detailed, site-specific, data in order to perform numerical modelling, and warn about the common habit of extending a small number of borehole data, tens of hundreds of meters apart, over large areas. Especially when carried out to define vulnerability and/or risk of specific elements at risk, the researches should be performed having available on-site data, or, alternatively, the end users should be properly warned in the use of the outcomes from the study.

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South Platte Watershed from the Headwaters to the Denver Metropolitan Area (Colorado) of the Urban Waters Federal Partnership (UWFP) reconnects urban communities with their waterways by improving coordination among federal agencies and collaborating

Patient's Guide to Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy

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Lutzow-Holm Bay

Atmospheric Science Data Center

2013-04-16

... of the region and can be used to understand the geophysical environment. The top panel shows the region from MISR's downward-looking ... angular reflectance properties help explain the geophysical environment. project:  MISR category:  gallery ...

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Novel Raman Techniques for Imaging and Sensing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Edwards, Perry S.

Raman scattering spectroscopy is extensively demonstrated as a label-free, chemically selective sensing and imaging technique for a multitude of chemical and biological applications. The ability to detect "fingerprint" spectral signatures of individual molecules, without the need to introduce chemical labelers, makes Raman scattering a powerful sensing technique. However, spectroscopy based on spontaneous Raman scattering traditionally suffers from inherently weak signals due to small Raman scattering cross-sections. Thus, considerable efforts have been put forth to find pathways towards enhancing Raman signals to bolster sensitivity for detecting small concentrations of molecules or particles. The development of coherent Raman techniques that can offer orders of magnitude increase in signal have garnered significant interest in recent years for their application in imaging; such techniques include coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering and stimulated Raman scattering. Additionally, methods to enhance the local field of either the pump or generated Raman signal, such as through surface enhanced Raman scattering, have been investigated for their orders of magnitude improvement in sensitivity and single molecule sensing capability. The work presented in this dissertation describes novel techniques for performing high speed and highly sensitive Raman imaging as well as sensing applications towards bioimaging and biosensing. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) is combined with holography to enable recording of high-speed (single laser shot), wide field CARS holograms which can be used to reconstruct the both the amplitude and the phase of the anti-Stokes field therefore allowing 3D imaging. This dissertation explores CARS holography as a viable label-free bio-imaging technique. A Raman scattering particle sensing system is also developed that utilizes wave guide properties of optical fibers and ring-resonators to perform enhanced particle sensing. Resonator-enhanced particle sensing is experimentally examined as a new method for enhancing Raman scattering from particles interacting with circulating optical fields within both a fiber ring-cavity and whispering gallery mode microtoroid microresonators. The achievements described in this dissertation include: (1) Demonstration of the bio-imaging capability of CARS holography by recording of CARS holograms of subcellular components in live cancer (HeLa) cells. (2) Label-free Raman microparticle sensing using a tapered optical fibers. A tapered fiber can guide light to particles adsorbed on the surface of the taper to generate scattered Raman signal which can be collected by a microRaman detection system. (3) Demonstration of the proof of concept of resonator-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in a fiber ring resonator consisting of a section of fiber taper. (4) A method for locking the pump laser to the resonate frequencies of a resonator. This is demonstrated using a fiber ring resonator and microtoroid microresonators. (5) Raman scattered signal from particles adhered to microtoroid microresonators is acquired using 5 seconds of signal integration time and with the pump laser locked to a cavity resonance. (6) Theoretical analysis is performed that indicates resonator-enhanced Raman scattering from microparticles adhered to microresonators can be achieved with the pump laser locked to the frequency of a high-Q cavity resonant mode.

The role of technetium-99m stannous pyrophosphate in myocardial imaging to recognize, localize and identify extension of acute myocardial infarction in patients

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Willerson, J. T.; Parkey, R. W.; Bonte, F. J.; Stokely, E. M.; Buja, E. M.

1975-01-01

The ability of technetium-99m stannous pyrophosphate myocardial scintigrams to aid diagnostically in recognizing, localizing, and identifying extension of acute myocardial infarction in patients was evaluated. The present study is an extension of previous animal and patient evaluations that were recently performed utilizing this myocardial imaging agent.

Neutron imaging data processing using the Mantid framework

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pouzols, Federico M.; Draper, Nicholas; Nagella, Sri; Yang, Erica; Sajid, Ahmed; Ross, Derek; Ritchie, Brian; Hill, John; Burca, Genoveva; Minniti, Triestino; Moreton-Smith, Christopher; Kockelmann, Winfried

2016-09-01

Several imaging instruments are currently being constructed at neutron sources around the world. The Mantid software project provides an extensible framework that supports high-performance computing for data manipulation, analysis and visualisation of scientific data. At ISIS, IMAT (Imaging and Materials Science & Engineering) will offer unique time-of-flight neutron imaging techniques which impose several software requirements to control the data reduction and analysis. Here we outline the extensions currently being added to Mantid to provide specific support for neutron imaging requirements.

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Lake Pontchartrain Area/New Orleans (Louisiana) of the Urban Waters Federal Partnership (UWFP) reconnects urban communities with their waterways by improving coordination among federal agencies and collaborating with community-led efforts.

30 CFR 7.26 - Flame test apparatus.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... MINING PRODUCTS TESTING BY APPLICANT OR THIRD PARTY Brattice Cloth and Ventilation Tubing § 7.26 Flame... cloth and ventilation tubing shall be constructed as follows: (a) A 16-gauge stainless steel gallery...

30 CFR 7.26 - Flame test apparatus.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... MINING PRODUCTS TESTING BY APPLICANT OR THIRD PARTY Brattice Cloth and Ventilation Tubing § 7.26 Flame... cloth and ventilation tubing shall be constructed as follows: (a) A 16-gauge stainless steel gallery...

30 CFR 7.26 - Flame test apparatus.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... MINING PRODUCTS TESTING BY APPLICANT OR THIRD PARTY Brattice Cloth and Ventilation Tubing § 7.26 Flame... cloth and ventilation tubing shall be constructed as follows: (a) A 16-gauge stainless steel gallery...

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All About the Protein Foods Group

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... Nutrients and Health Benefits TIPS: Vary Your Veggies Beans and Peas Are Unique Foods Food Gallery Take ... Group? All foods made from meat, poultry, seafood, beans and peas, eggs, processed soy products, nuts, and ...

Wyoming: Jackson Hole

Atmospheric Science Data Center

2014-05-15

... Park and Bridger-Teton National Forest Interagency Fire Management Office announced a high risk for the area. The Green Knoll blaze is ... July 27, 2001 - Green Knoll forest fire. project:  MISR category:  gallery Fires date:  ...

Chaos-assisted broadband momentum transformation in optical microresonators.

PubMed

Jiang, Xuefeng; Shao, Linbo; Zhang, Shu-Xin; Yi, Xu; Wiersig, Jan; Wang, Li; Gong, Qihuang; Lončar, Marko; Yang, Lan; Xiao, Yun-Feng

2017-10-20

The law of momentum conservation rules out many desired processes in optical microresonators. We report broadband momentum transformations of light in asymmetric whispering gallery microresonators. Assisted by chaotic motions, broadband light can travel between optical modes with different angular momenta within a few picoseconds. Efficient coupling from visible to near-infrared bands is demonstrated between a nanowaveguide and whispering gallery modes with quality factors exceeding 10 million. The broadband momentum transformation enhances the device conversion efficiency of the third-harmonic generation by greater than three orders of magnitude over the conventional evanescent-wave coupling. The observed broadband and fast momentum transformation could promote applications such as multicolor lasers, broadband memories, and multiwavelength optical networks. Copyright © 2017 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.

Controlling slow and fast light and dynamic pulse-splitting with tunable optical gain in a whispering-gallery-mode microcavity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Asano, M.; Ikuta, R.; Imoto, N.

We report controllable manipulation of slow and fast light in a whispering-gallery-mode microtoroid resonator fabricated from Erbium (Er{sup 3+}) doped silica. We observe continuous transition of the coupling between the fiber-taper waveguide and the microresonator from undercoupling to critical coupling and then to overcoupling regimes by increasing the pump power even though the spatial distance between the resonator and the waveguide was kept fixed. This, in turn, enables switching from fast to slow light and vice versa just by increasing the optical gain. An enhancement of delay of two-fold over the passive silica resonator (no optical gain) was observed inmore » the slow light regime. Moreover, we show dynamic pulse splitting and its control in slow/fast light systems using optical gain.« less

Lexington Children`s Museum final report on EnergyQuest

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

EnergyQuest is a museum-wide exhibit that familiarizes children and their families with energy sources, uses, and issues and with the impact of those issues on their lives. It was developed and built by Lexington Children`s Museum with support from the US Department of Energy, Kentucky Utilities, and the Kentucky Coal Marketing and Export Council. EnergyQuest featured six hands-on exhibit stations in each of six museum galleries. Collectively, the exhibits examine the sources, uses and conservation of energy. Each EnergyQuest exhibit reflects the content of its gallery setting. During the first year after opening EnergyQuest, a series of 48 public educationalmore » programs on energy were conducted at the Museum as part of the Museum`s ongoing schedule of demonstrations, performances, workshops and classes. In addition, teacher training was conducted.« less

Walk, Look, Remember: The Influence of the Gallery's Spatial Layout on Human Memory for an Art Exhibition.

PubMed

Krukar, Jakub

2014-09-01

The spatial organisation of museums and its influence on the visitor experience has been the subject of numerous studies. Previous research, despite reporting some actual behavioural correlates, rarely had the possibility to investigate the cognitive processes of the art viewers. In the museum context, where spatial layout is one of the most powerful curatorial tools available, attention and memory can be measured as a means of establishing whether or not the gallery fulfils its function as a space for contemplating art. In this exploratory experiment, 32 participants split into two groups explored an experimental, non-public exhibition and completed two unanticipated memory tests afterwards. The results show that some spatial characteristics of an exhibition can inhibit the recall of pictures and shift the focus to perceptual salience of the artworks.

An FMM-FFT Accelerated SIE Simulator for Analyzing EM Wave Propagation in Mine Environments Loaded With Conductors

PubMed Central

Sheng, Weitian; Zhou, Chenming; Liu, Yang; Bagci, Hakan; Michielssen, Eric

2018-01-01

A fast and memory efficient three-dimensional full-wave simulator for analyzing electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation in electrically large and realistic mine tunnels/galleries loaded with conductors is proposed. The simulator relies on Muller and combined field surface integral equations (SIEs) to account for scattering from mine walls and conductors, respectively. During the iterative solution of the system of SIEs, the simulator uses a fast multipole method-fast Fourier transform (FMM-FFT) scheme to reduce CPU and memory requirements. The memory requirement is further reduced by compressing large data structures via singular value and Tucker decompositions. The efficiency, accuracy, and real-world applicability of the simulator are demonstrated through characterization of EM wave propagation in electrically large mine tunnels/galleries loaded with conducting cables and mine carts. PMID:29726545

Quantification of whispering gallery mode spectrum variability in application to sensing nanobiophotonics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saetchnikov, Anton; Skakun, Victor; Saetchnikov, Vladimir; Tcherniavskaia, Elina; Ostendorf, Andreas

2017-10-01

An approach for the automated whispering gallery mode (WGM) signal decomposition and its parameter estimation is discussed. The algorithm is based on the peak picking and can be applied for the preprocessing of the raw signal acquired from the multiplied WGM-based biosensing chips. Quantitative estimations representing physically meaningful parameters of the external disturbing factors on the WGM spectral shape are the output values. Derived parameters can be directly applied to the further deep qualitative and quantitative interpretations of the sensed disturbing factors. The algorithm is tested on both simulated and experimental data taken from the bovine serum albumin biosensing task. The proposed solution is expected to be a useful contribution to the preprocessing phase of the complete data analysis engine and is expected to push the WGM technology toward the real-live sensing nanobiophotonics.

The whispering gallery mode biosensor: label-free detection from virus to single protein

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Holler, S.; Dantham, V. R.; Keng, D.; Kolchenko, V.; Arnold, S.; Mulroe, Brigid; Paspaley-Grbavac, M.

2014-08-01

The whispering gallery mode (WGM) biosensor is a micro-optical platform capable of sensitive label-free detection of biological particles. Described by the reactive sensing principle (RSP), this analytic formulation quantifies the response of the system to the adsorption of bioparticles. Guided by the RSP, the WGM biosensor enabling from detection of virus (e.g., Human Papillomavirus, HPV) to the ultimate goal of single protein detection. The latter was derived from insights into the RSP, which resulted in the development of a hybrid plasmonic WGM biosensor, which has recently demonstrated detection of individual protein cancer markers. Enhancements from bound gold nanoparticles provide the sensitivity to detect single protein molecules (66 kDa) with good signal-to-noise (S/N > 10), and project that detection of proteins as small as 5 kDa.

Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Using Silica Whispering-Gallery Mode Resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Anderson, Mark S.

2013-01-01

The motivation of this work was to have robust spectroscopic sensors for sensitive detection and chemical analysis of organic and molecular compounds. The solution is to use silica sphere optical resonators to provide surface-enhanced spectroscopic signal. Whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonators made from silica microspheres were used for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) without coupling to a plasmonic mechanism. Large Raman signal enhancement is observed by exclusively using 5.08-micron silica spheres with 785-nm laser excitation. The advantage of this non-plasmonic approach is that the active substrate is chemically inert silica, thermally stable, and relatively simple to fabricate. The Raman signal enhancement is broadly applicable to a wide range of molecular functional groups including aliphatic hydrocarbons, siloxanes, and esters. Applications include trace organic analysis, particularly for in situ planetary instruments that require robust sensors with consistent response.

Around Marshall

NASA Image and Video Library

2002-10-30

Marshall Space Flight Center's (MSFC's) building 4200 hosts a new spaceflight history museum referred to as the Heritage Gallery, allowing employees and visitors alike to have the opportunity to experience history first hand. On display are many models of launch vehicles and spacecraft that have made the center famous. It features a full-scale mockup of the lunar roving vehicle, three built-in multimedia displays, a large theater screen, and two glass cases that house memorabilia such as personal items belonging to Wernher von Braun, MSFC's first Center Director. The new Heritage Gallery features the accomplishments of several past and present members of the Marshall team. Attending the ribbon cutting ceremony are: (left to right) Gerhard Reisig; Cort Durocher, executive director of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Ernst Stuhlinger; Konrad Darnenburg; Werner Dahm; Walter Jacobi; and host of event, Center Director Art Stephenson.

The History of Attack and Success of Emerald Ash Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) on White Fringetree in Southwestern Ohio.

PubMed

Thiemann, Danielle; Lopez, Vanessa; Ray, Ann M; Cipollini, Don

2016-08-01

Emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, is an invasive insect that has caused widespread mortality of ash species in North America. The ability of emerald ash borer to utilize white fringetree as an alternate host was reported recently. We aimed to determine how long white fringetree has been under attack from emerald ash borer, the degree of attack, and the overall success of this beetle on this novel host. Stems from three of nine infested white fringetrees collected from the Dayton and Cincinnati, OH, areas in the winter of 2015 yielded four live adult emerald ash borers after being held in rearing containers, and numerous older exit holes were observed. Measurement and aging of feeding galleries on these stems indicated that emerald ash borer has been using this species since 2011, at least, with peak gallery densities reached in 2012 and 2013 on most of the harvested trees. On average, 32 galleries per square meter were found in these stems with about one-third of them being indicative of fourth-instar larvae. This supports the assertion that emerald ash borer has been using white fringetree as a host plant with moderate to good success for as long as ash species in these particular areas have been utilized. © The Authors 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Reproductive success of Macrotermes bellicosus (Isoptera, Macrotermitinae) in two neighbouring habitats.

PubMed

Korb, Judith; Linsenmair, Karl Eduard

1999-02-01

The fungus-cultivating, mound-building termite Macrotermes bellicosus can reach high densities in African savannah habitats, whereas in forests it is comparatively rare and is only found in relatively open areas. Earlier studies in the Comoé National Park (Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa) suggested that this might be because ambient temperatures are lower in the forest than the savannah. Therefore, forests seem to be suboptimal habitats. During 3 consecutive years we measured relevant fitness parameters in both habitats to test this hypothesis. Colonies in the savannah had higher reproductive outputs. They reproduced annually, producing high numbers of offspring (alates), whereas forest colonies reproduced on average only once every 3 years and even then only low numbers of alates were produced. Annual growth of mound height, which can be regarded as an indicator of colony growth, varied considerably between individual colonies and years. Nevertheless, in two years the growth rate of mounds in the shrub savannah was higher than that of mounds in the gallery forest. Unexpectedly, survival probability as calculated by Kaplan Meier analysis was much lower for colonies in the shrub savannah than for colonies in the gallery forest. Using these data in a computer simulation we calculated lifetime reproductive success (LRS) for an average colony in both habitats. As LRS was much higher for colonies in the shrub savannah than in the gallery forest, these results confirmed our suggestion that the forest is a suboptimal habitat for M. bellicosus.

Origin and dynamics of the northern South American coastal savanna belt during the Holocene - the role of climate, sea-level, fire and humans

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alizadeh, Kamaleddin; Cohen, Marcelo; Behling, Hermann

2015-08-01

Presence of a coastal savanna belt expanding from British Guiana to northeastern Brazil cannot be explained by present-day climate. Using pollen and charcoal analyses on an 11.6 k old sediment core from a coastal depression in the savanna belt near the mouth of the Amazon River we investigated the paleoenvironmental history to shed light on this question. Results indicate that small areas of savanna accompanied by a forest type composed primarily by the genus Micropholis (Sapotaceae) that has no modern analog existed at the beginning of the Holocene. After 11,200 cal yr BP, savanna accompanied by few trees replaced the forest. In depressions swamp forest developed and by ca 10,000 cal yr BP replaced by Mauritia swamps. Between 8500 and 5600 cal yr BP gallery forest (composed mainly of Euphorbiaceae) and swamp forest succeeded the treeless savanna. The modern vegetation with alternating gallery forest and savanna developed after 5600 cal yr BP. We suggest that the early Holocene no-analog forest is a relict of previously more extensive forest under cooler and moister Lateglacial conditions. The early Holocene savanna expansion indicates a drier phase probably related to the shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) towards its northernmost position. The mid-Holocene forest expansion is probably a result of the combined influence of equatorwards shift of ITCZ joining the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ). The ecosystem variability during the last 5600 cal yr BP, formed perhaps under influence of intensified ENSO condition. High charcoal concentrations, especially during the early Holocene, indicate that natural and/or anthropogenic fires may have maintained the savanna. However, our results propose that climate change is the main driving factor for the formation of the coastal savanna in this region. Our results also show that the early Holocene sea level rise established mangroves near the study site until 7500 cal yr BP and promoted swamp formation in depressions, but did not influence the savanna vegetation.

Macro-scale deformation behavior and characterization of deformation mechanisms below µm-scale in experimentally deformed Boom Clay by using the combination of triaxial compression, X-ray µ-CT imaging, DIC, BIB cross sectioning, and SEM

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oelker, Anne; Desbois, Guillaume; Urai, Janos L.; Bésuelle, Pierre; Viggiani, Gioacchino; Levasseur, Séverine

2017-04-01

Boom Clay is one formation being studied in Belgium as a potential host rock for deep geological disposal of radioactive waste. This poorly indurated clay presents in its natural state favorable properties against the migration of radionuclides: low permeability, low solute diffusion rates, good retention and sorption capacity for many radionuclides and good self-sealing capacity. During construction of disposal galleries, stress redistribution will lead to perturbation of the clay and the formation around galleries of the so-called "Excavation disturbed Zone" (EdZ). The study of deformation mechanisms and evolution of Boom Clay properties at macro but also micro scale allows to assess in a more mechanistic way the evolution of Boom Clay properties in this EdZ. In this work, we show microstructural investigations of Boom Clay deformed in undrained triaxial compression by linking conventional stress/strain curves with Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging of broad-ion-beam (BIB) milled cross-sections to deduce deformation mechanisms based on microstructures at sub-micron resolution. Two specimens, collected in Mol (Belgium) at the European Underground Laboratories (URL) on HADES level, were analyzed: The major principal stress σ1 was applied parallel as well as perpendicular to the bedding direction with an initial mean normal effective stress of 4.5 MPa and an initial pore water pressure of 2.3 MPa, which are equal to the in-situ values. Linking the resulting DIC-derived maps of incremental strains with the corresponding stress/strain curve give not only information about the moment of the shear band development, but also on the way strain evolves within the specimen throughout the rest. Incremental DIC analysis of X-ray tomographic scans performed during loading tests give a time evolution of the strain field, and subsequently allow to detect strain localization which appears close to the stress peak. Regions with a comparable high and low shear strain were chosen and prepared for BIB-SEM investigations. In this case, shear bands show typical characteristics of uncemented small-grained clay-rich materials deformed at high shear strains including anastomosing shears. At nano-scale, the preferential orientation of clay particles in the anastomosing shears are construed to be responsible for the shear weakness. In addition, the reorientation of clay particles during the deformation leads to the strong reduction of porosity in the shear band. Ductile deformation mechanisms represented by grain-rotation, grain-sliding, bending, and granular flow are strongly involved for the development of the shear band.

Contextual Student Learning through Authentic Asteroid Research Projects using a Robotic Telescope Network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoette, Vivian L.; Puckett, Andrew W.; Linder, Tyler R.; Heatherly, Sue Ann; Rector, Travis A.; Haislip, Joshua B.; Meredith, Kate; Caughey, Austin L.; Brown, Johnny E.; McCarty, Cameron B.; Whitmore, Kevin T.

2015-11-01

Skynet is a worldwide robotic telescope network operated by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill with active observing sites on 3 continents. The queue-based observation request system is simple enough to be used by middle school students, but powerful enough to supply data for research scientists. The Skynet Junior Scholars program, funded by the NSF, has teamed up with professional astronomers to engage students from middle school to undergraduates in authentic research projects, from target selection through image analysis and publication of results. Asteroid research is a particularly fruitful area for youth collaboration that reinforces STEM education standards and can allow students to make real contributions to scientific knowledge, e.g., orbit refinement through astrometric submissions to the Minor Planet Center. We have created a set of projects for youth to: 1. Image an asteroid, make a movie, and post it to a gallery; 2. Measure the asteroid’s apparent motion using the Afterglow online image processor; and 3. Image asteroids from two or more telescopes simultaneously to demonstrate parallax. The apparent motion and parallax projects allow students to estimate the distance to their asteroid, as if they were the discoverer of a brand new object in the solar system. Older students may take on advanced projects, such as analyzing uncertainties in asteroid orbital parameters; studying impact probabilities of known objects; observing time-sensitive targets such as Near Earth Asteroids; and even discovering brand new objects in the solar system.Images are acquired from among seven Skynet telescopes in North Carolina, California, Wisconsin, Canada, Australia, and Chile, as well as collaborating observatories such as WestRock in Columbus, Georgia; Stone Edge in El Verano, California; and Astronomical Research Institute in Westfield, Illinois.

76 FR 20376 - Advisory Committee for Education and Human Resources; Notice of Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-12

... Arlington Hilton, 950 North Stafford Street, Gallery II, Mezzanine Level, Arlington, VA 22203. Type of... of Visitor Reports for: Math and Science Partnership program. Federal Cyber Service: Scholarship for...

Homeplace: Experiencing a National Historic Landmark.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sensat, Lloyd L., Jr.; Cizek, Eugene D.

1978-01-01

Undergraduates and gifted elementary students collaborated on a study of the architecture and lifestyle associated with Homeplace, an 18th century French Colonial home. The activities culminated in a multimedia exhibit at a local art gallery. (SJL)