Improving Remote Voting Security with CodeVoting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Joaquim, Rui; Ribeiro, Carlos; Ferreira, Paulo

One of the major problems that prevents the spread of elections with the possibility of remote voting over electronic networks, also called Internet Voting, is the use of unreliable client platforms, such as the voter's computer and the Internet infrastructure connecting it to the election server. A computer connected to the Internet is exposed to viruses, worms, Trojans, spyware, malware and other threats that can compromise the election's integrity. For instance, it is possible to write a virus that changes the voter's vote to a predetermined vote on election's day. Another possible attack is the creation of a fake election web site where the voter uses a malicious vote program on the web site that manipulates the voter's vote (phishing/pharming attack). Such attacks may not disturb the election protocol, therefore can remain undetected in the eyes of the election auditors.

Vote. Speak Out. 3-6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Illinois State Board of Education, Springfield.

The purpose of this election-education program is to help develop an informed electorate and to instill in future voters an appreciation of the importance of the right to vote. It provides a framework for discussions of the electoral process and gives students in grades three through six an opportunity to face the responsibilities and challenges…

Using Elicited Choice Probabilities in Hypothetical Elections to Study Decisions to Vote

PubMed Central

Delavande, Adeline; Manski, Charles F.

2015-01-01

This paper demonstrates the feasibility and usefulness of survey research asking respondents to report voting probabilities in hypothetical election scenarios. Posing scenarios enriches the data available for studies of voting decisions, as a researcher can pose many more and varied scenarios than the elections that persons actually face. Multiple scenarios were presented to over 4,000 participants in the American Life Panel (ALP). Each described a hypothetical presidential election, giving characteristics measuring candidate preference, closeness of the election, and the time cost of voting. Persons were asked the probability that they would vote in this election and were willing and able to respond. We analyzed the data through direct study of the variation of voting probabilities with election characteristics and through estimation of a random utility model of voting. Voting time and election closeness were notable determinants of decisions to vote, but not candidate preference. Most findings were corroborated through estimation of a model fit to ALP data on respondents' actual voting behavior in the 2012 election. PMID:25705068

The impact of voting on tax payments

PubMed Central

Wahl, Ingrid; Muehlbacher, Stephan; Kirchler, Erich

2010-01-01

This study examines whether participating in governmental decisions influences taxpayers’ cooperation. The results of experiment 1 show that participants tend to contribute more when they can vote on different rules for a public good game. Experiment 2 reveals that tax payments are lowest in a tax simulation when participants benefit from tax payments and can not vote. However, when the participants did not benefit from tax payments, voting had no impact and cooperation was about the same as when participants benefited and could vote. Furthermore, voting increases procedural fairness and trust mediates the effect of procedural fairness on tax payments. PMID:21654938

Voting Systems for Environmental Decisions

PubMed Central

BURGMAN, MARK A; REGAN, HELEN M; MAGUIRE, LYNN A; COLYVAN, MARK; JUSTUS, JAMES; MARTIN, TARA G; ROTHLEY, KRIS

2014-01-01

Voting systems aggregate preferences efficiently and are often used for deciding conservation priorities. Desirable characteristics of voting systems include transitivity, completeness, and Pareto optimality, among others. Voting systems that are common and potentially useful for environmental decision making include simple majority, approval, and preferential voting. Unfortunately, no voting system can guarantee an outcome, while also satisfying a range of very reasonable performance criteria. Furthermore, voting methods may be manipulated by decision makers and strategic voters if they have knowledge of the voting patterns and alliances of others in the voting populations. The difficult properties of voting systems arise in routine decision making when there are multiple criteria and management alternatives. Because each method has flaws, we do not endorse one method. Instead, we urge organizers to be transparent about the properties of proposed voting systems and to offer participants the opportunity to approve the voting system as part of the ground rules for operation of a group. Sistemas de Votación para Decisiones Ambientales Resumen Los sistemas de votación agregan preferencias eficientemente y muy seguido se usan para decidir prioridades de conservación. Las características deseables de un sistema de votación incluyen la transitividad, lo completo que sean y la optimalidad de Pareto, entre otras. Los sistemas de votación que son comunes y potencialmente útiles para la toma de decisiones ambientales incluyen simple mayoría, aprobación y votación preferencial. Desafortunadamente, ningún sistema de votación puede garantizar un resultado y a la vez satisfacer un rango de criterios de desempeño muy razonable. Además, los métodos de votación pueden manipularse por los que toman las decisiones y votantes estratégicos si tienen el conocimiento de los patrones de votación y de las alianzas entre miembros dentro de las poblaciones votantes. Las

29 CFR 452.132 - Proxy voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... GENERAL STATEMENT CONCERNING THE ELECTION PROVISIONS OF THE LABOR-MANAGEMENT REPORTING AND DISCLOSURE ACT OF 1959 Election Procedures; Rights of Members § 452.132 Proxy voting. There is no prohibition on... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Proxy voting. 452.132 Section 452.132 Labor Regulations...

29 CFR 452.132 - Proxy voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... GENERAL STATEMENT CONCERNING THE ELECTION PROVISIONS OF THE LABOR-MANAGEMENT REPORTING AND DISCLOSURE ACT OF 1959 Election Procedures; Rights of Members § 452.132 Proxy voting. There is no prohibition on... 29 Labor 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Proxy voting. 452.132 Section 452.132 Labor Regulations...

Anonymous voting for multi-dimensional CV quantum system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rong-Hua, Shi; Yi, Xiao; Jin-Jing, Shi; Ying, Guo; Moon-Ho, Lee

2016-06-01

We investigate the design of anonymous voting protocols, CV-based binary-valued ballot and CV-based multi-valued ballot with continuous variables (CV) in a multi-dimensional quantum cryptosystem to ensure the security of voting procedure and data privacy. The quantum entangled states are employed in the continuous variable quantum system to carry the voting information and assist information transmission, which takes the advantage of the GHZ-like states in terms of improving the utilization of quantum states by decreasing the number of required quantum states. It provides a potential approach to achieve the efficient quantum anonymous voting with high transmission security, especially in large-scale votes. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61272495, 61379153, and 61401519), the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20130162110012), and the MEST-NRF of Korea (Grant No. 2012-002521).

Conjunction Faces Alter Confidence-Accuracy Relations for Old Faces

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reinitz, Mark Tippens; Loftus, Geoffrey R.

2017-01-01

The authors used a state-trace methodology to investigate the informational dimensions used to recognize old and conjunction faces (made by combining parts of separately studied faces). Participants in 3 experiments saw faces presented for 1 s each. They then received a recognition test; faces were presented for varying brief durations and…

Voting at 16: Turnout and the quality of vote choice.

PubMed

Wagner, Markus; Johann, David; Kritzinger, Sylvia

2012-06-01

Critics of giving citizens under 18 the right to vote argue that such teenagers lack the ability and motivation to participate effectively in elections. If this argument is true, lowering the voting age would have negative consequences for the quality of democracy. We test the argument using survey data from Austria, the only European country with a voting age of 16 in nation-wide elections. While the turnout levels of young people under 18 are relatively low, their failure to vote cannot be explained by a lower ability or motivation to participate. In addition, the quality of these citizens' choices is similar to that of older voters, so they do cast votes in ways that enable their interests to be represented equally well. These results are encouraging for supporters of a lower voting age.

Defense.gov - Special Report: VOTE

Science.gov Websites

Voting Action Plan (pdf) 2013 USMC Voting Action Plan (pdf) 2013 Army Voting Action Plan (pdf) Air Force Voting Plan 2012-13 (pdf) Army Voting Action Plan 2012 (pdf) Marine Corps Voting Action Plan 2012 (pdf ) Navy Voting Action Plan (pdf) Overseas Vote Foundation Project Vote Smart Preparing for the 2012

Quantitative Analysis of Strategic Voting in Anonymous Voting Systems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wang, Tiance

2016-01-01

Democratically choosing a single preference from three or more candidate options is not a straightforward matter. There are many competing ideas on how to aggregate rankings of candidates. However, the Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem implies that no fair voting system (equality among voters and equality among candidates) is immune to strategic…

Perceived health from biological motion predicts voting behaviour.

PubMed

Kramer, Robin S S; Arend, Isabel; Ward, Robert

2010-04-01

Body motion signals socially relevant traits like the sex, age, and even the genetic quality of actors and may therefore facilitate various social judgements. By examining ratings and voting decisions based solely on body motion of political candidates, we considered how the candidates' motion affected people's judgements and voting behaviour. In two experiments, participants viewed stick figure motion displays made from videos of politicians in public debate. Participants rated the motion displays for a variety of social traits and then indicated their vote preference. In both experiments, perceived physical health was the single best predictor of vote choice, and no two-factor model produced significant improvement. Notably, although attractiveness and leadership correlated with voting behaviour, neither provided additional explanatory power to a single-factor model of health alone. Our results demonstrate for the first time that motion can produce systematic vote preferences.

One Man One Vote: Trust between the Electorate, the Establishment, and Voting Technology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robertson, Laurie

2006-01-01

Historically any U.S. voting technology is burdened from its very inception with the expectation of technologically ensuring voting integrity. Voting is an officially sanctioned social activity/ritual in a technologically-focused nation, so U.S. voters arrive at the polls expecting that voting technology will ensure that their vote "counts. But no…

Basic Disaster Life Support (BDLS) Training Improves First Responder Confidence to Face Mass-Casualty Incidents in Thailand.

PubMed

Kuhls, Deborah A; Chestovich, Paul J; Coule, Phillip; Carrison, Dale M; Chua, Charleston M; Wora-Urai, Nopadol; Kanchanarin, Tavatchai

2017-10-01

Medical response to mass-casualty incidents (MCIs) requires specialized training and preparation. Basic Disaster Life Support (BDLS) is a course designed to prepare health care workers for a MCI. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the confidence of health care professionals in Thailand to face a MCI after participating in a BDLS course. Basic Disaster Life Support was taught to health care professionals in Thailand in July 2008. Demographics and medical experience were recorded, and participants rated their confidence before and after the course using a five-point Likert scale in 11 pertinent MCI categories. Survey results were compiled and compared with P<.05 statistically significant. A total of 162 health care professionals completed the BDLS course and surveys, including 78 physicians, 70 nurses, and 14 other health care professionals. Combined confidence increased among all participants (2.1 to 3.8; +1.7; P<.001). Each occupation scored confidence increases in each measured area (P<.001). Nurses had significantly lower pre-course confidence but greater confidence increase, while physicians had higher pre-course confidence but lower confidence increase. Active duty military also had lower pre-course confidence with significantly greater confidence increases, while previous disaster courses or experience increased pre-course confidence but lower increase in confidence. Age and work experience did not influence confidence. Basic Disaster Life Support significantly improves confidence to respond to MCI situations, but nurses and active duty military benefit the most from the course. Future courses should focus on these groups to prepare for MCIs. Kuhls DA , Chestovich PJ , Coule P , Carrison DM , Chua CM , Wora-Urai N , Kanchanarin T . Basic Disaster Life Support (BDLS) training improves first responder confidence to face mass-casualty incidents in Thailand. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017;32(5):492-500 .

75 FR 22577 - Proposed Rule of Agency Procedure No. 1: Procedures for Voting by Circulation Version 2.0

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-29

... deadlines, the current policy limits EAC's ability to address the rare situations that require swift action... Procedure No. 1: Procedures for Voting by Circulation Version 2.0. EAC's current Proposed Rule of Agency...

The Use of Demographic Data in Voting Rights Litigation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Hare, William

1991-01-01

Issues demographic experts face concerning voting rights litigation are considered, using examples from Garza v County of Los Angeles (California) (1990). Errors and the age of census figures when released mean that court decisions about appropriate population bases and thresholds will continue to vary from one location to another. (SLD)

2008 Post-Election Voting Survey of Department of State Voting Assistance Officers: Tabulation of Responses

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-07-01

this survey include Erin St. Pierre and Scott Wiedmann (Federal Voting Assistance Program ). Other important contributors to the survey development...20 a. Federal Voting Assistance Program (FVAP) onsite VAO training workshop...the voting program .............................37 November 2008 Post-Election Voting Survey of Department of State Voting Assistance Officers

Digital herders and phase transition in a voting model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hisakado, M.; Mori, S.

2011-07-01

In this paper, we discuss a voting model with two candidates, C1 and C2. We set two types of voters—herders and independents. The voting of independent voters is based on their fundamental values; on the other hand, the voting of herders is based on the number of votes. Herders always select the majority of the previous r votes, which are visible to them. We call them digital herders. We can accurately calculate the distribution of votes for special cases. When r >= 3, we find that a phase transition occurs at the upper limit of t, where t is the discrete time (or number of votes). As the fraction of herders increases, the model features a phase transition beyond which a state where most voters make the correct choice coexists with one where most of them are wrong. On the other hand, when r < 3, there is no phase transition. In this case, the herders' performance is the same as that of the independent voters. Finally, we recognize the behavior of human beings by conducting simple experiments.

Robust face alignment under occlusion via regional predictive power estimation.

PubMed

Heng Yang; Xuming He; Xuhui Jia; Patras, Ioannis

2015-08-01

Face alignment has been well studied in recent years, however, when a face alignment model is applied on facial images with heavy partial occlusion, the performance deteriorates significantly. In this paper, instead of training an occlusion-aware model with visibility annotation, we address this issue via a model adaptation scheme that uses the result of a local regression forest (RF) voting method. In the proposed scheme, the consistency of the votes of the local RF in each of several oversegmented regions is used to determine the reliability of predicting the location of the facial landmarks. The latter is what we call regional predictive power (RPP). Subsequently, we adapt a holistic voting method (cascaded pose regression based on random ferns) by putting weights on the votes of each fern according to the RPP of the regions used in the fern tests. The proposed method shows superior performance over existing face alignment models in the most challenging data sets (COFW and 300-W). Moreover, it can also estimate with high accuracy (72.4% overlap ratio) which image areas belong to the face or nonface objects, on the heavily occluded images of the COFW data set, without explicit occlusion modeling.

Anonymity in Voting Revisited

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jonker, Hugo; Pieters, Wolter

According to international law, anonymity of the voter is a fundamental precondition for democratic elections. In electronic voting, several aspects of voter anonymity have been identified. In this paper, we re-examine anonymity with respect to voting, and generalise existing notions of anonymity in e-voting. First, we identify and categorise the types of attack that can be a threat to anonymity of the voter, including different types of vote buying and coercion. This analysis leads to a categorisation of anonymity in voting in terms of a) the strength of the anonymity achieved and b) the extent of interaction between voter and attacker. Some of the combinations, including weak and strong receipt-freeness, are formalised in epistemic logic.

Contextual priming: Where people vote affects how they vote

PubMed Central

Berger, Jonah; Meredith, Marc; Wheeler, S. Christian

2008-01-01

American voters are assigned to vote at a particular polling location (e.g., a church, school, etc.). We show these assigned polling locations can influence how people vote. Analysis of a recent general election demonstrates that people who were assigned to vote in schools were more likely to support a school funding initiative. This effect persisted even when controlling for voters' political views, demographics, and unobservable characteristics of individuals living near schools. A follow-up experiment using random assignment suggests that priming underlies these effects, and that they can occur outside of conscious awareness. These findings underscore the subtle power of situational context to shape important real-world decisions. PMID:18574152

Preserving anonymity in e-voting system using voter non-repudiation oriented scheme

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hamid, Isredza Rahmi A.; Radzi, Siti Nafishah Md; Rahman, Nurul Hidayah Ab; Wen, Chuah Chai; Abdullah, Nurul Azma

2017-10-01

The voting system has been developed from traditional paper ballot to electronic voting (e-voting). The e-voting system has high potential to be widely used in election event. However, the e-voting system still does not meet the most important security properties which are voter's authenticity and non-repudiation. This is because voters can simply vote again by entering other people's identification number. In this project, an electronic voting using voter non-repudiation oriented scheme will be developed. This system contains ten modules which are log in, vote session, voter, candidate, open session, voting results, user account, initial score, logs and reset vote count. In order to ensure there would be no non-repudiation issue, a voter non-repudiation oriented scheme concept will be adapted and implemented in the system. This system will be built using Microsoft Visual Studio 2013 which only can be accessed using personal computers at the voting center. This project will be beneficial for future use in order to overcome non-repudiation issue.

The Witness-Voting System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gerck, Ed

We present a new, comprehensive framework to qualitatively improve election outcome trustworthiness, where voting is modeled as an information transfer process. Although voting is deterministic (all ballots are counted), information is treated stochastically using Information Theory. Error considerations, including faults, attacks, and threats by adversaries, are explicitly included. The influence of errors may be corrected to achieve an election outcome error as close to zero as desired (error-free), with a provably optimal design that is applicable to any type of voting, with or without ballots. Sixteen voting system requirements, including functional, performance, environmental and non-functional considerations, are derived and rated, meeting or exceeding current public-election requirements. The voter and the vote are unlinkable (secret ballot) although each is identifiable. The Witness-Voting System (Gerck, 2001) is extended as a conforming implementation of the provably optimal design that is error-free, transparent, simple, scalable, robust, receipt-free, universally-verifiable, 100% voter-verified, and end-to-end audited.

Secure Biometric E-Voting Scheme

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ahmed, Taha Kh.; Aborizka, Mohamed

The implementation of the e-voting becomes more substantial with the rapid increase of e-government development. The recent growth in communications and cryptographic techniques facilitate the implementation of e-voting. Many countries introduced e-voting systems; unfortunately most of these systems are not fully functional. In this paper we will present an e-voting scheme that covers most of the e-voting requirements, smart card and biometric recognition technology were implemented to guarantee voter's privacy and authentication.

Alternative majority-voting methods for real-time computing systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shin, Kang G.; Dolter, James W.

1989-01-01

Two techniques that provide a compromise between the high time overhead in maintaining synchronous voting and the difficulty of combining results in asynchronous voting are proposed. These techniques are specifically suited for real-time applications with a single-source/single-sink structure that need instantaneous error masking. They provide a compromise between a tightly synchronized system in which the synchronization overhead can be quite high, and an asynchronous system which lacks suitable algorithms for combining the output data. Both quorum-majority voting (QMV) and compare-majority voting (CMV) are most applicable to distributed real-time systems with single-source/single-sink tasks. All real-time systems eventually have to resolve their outputs into a single action at some stage. The development of the advanced information processing system (AIPS) and other similar systems serve to emphasize the importance of these techniques. Time bounds suggest that it is possible to reduce the overhead for quorum-majority voting to below that for synchronous voting. All the bounds assume that the computation phase is nonpreemptive and that there is no multitasking.

Application of majority voting and consensus voting algorithms in N-version software

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsarev, R. Yu; Durmuş, M. S.; Üstoglu, I.; Morozov, V. A.

2018-05-01

N-version programming is one of the most common techniques which is used to improve the reliability of software by building in fault tolerance, redundancy and decreasing common cause failures. N different equivalent software versions are developed by N different and isolated workgroups by considering the same software specifications. The versions solve the same task and return results that have to be compared to determine the correct result. Decisions of N different versions are evaluated by a voting algorithm or the so-called voter. In this paper, two of the most commonly used software voting algorithms such as the majority voting algorithm and the consensus voting algorithm are studied. The distinctive features of Nversion programming with majority voting and N-version programming with consensus voting are described. These two algorithms make a decision about the correct result on the base of the agreement matrix. However, if the equivalence relation on the agreement matrix is not satisfied it is impossible to make a decision. It is shown that the agreement matrix can be transformed into an appropriate form by using the Boolean compositions when the equivalence relation is satisfied.

The Voting Rights Act: Unfulfilled Goals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Commission on Civil Rights, Washington, DC.

This report examines the current status of minority voting rights covered by the special provisions of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The special provisions prescribe added protection of minority voting rights in those jurisdictions where discrimination in voting has been most pervasive. The report explains the Voting Rights Act and discusses its…

Approval Voting and Parochialism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baron, Jonathan; Altman, Nicole Y.; Kroll, Stephan

2005-01-01

In hypothetical scenarios involving two groups (nations or groups of workers), subjects voted on three proposals: one helped group A (their group), one helped B, and one helped both groups, more than the average of the first two but less than their maximum. When subjects voted for one proposal, most voted for the one that helped group A. This…

14 CFR 47.8 - Voting trusts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Voting trusts. 47.8 Section 47.8... REGISTRATION General § 47.8 Voting trusts. (a) If a voting trust is used to qualify a domestic corporation as a... the fully executed voting trust agreement, which must identify each voting interest of the applicant...

Tensor voting for image correction by global and local intensity alignment.

PubMed

Jia, Jiaya; Tang, Chi-Keung

2005-01-01

This paper presents a voting method to perform image correction by global and local intensity alignment. The key to our modeless approach is the estimation of global and local replacement functions by reducing the complex estimation problem to the robust 2D tensor voting in the corresponding voting spaces. No complicated model for replacement function (curve) is assumed. Subject to the monotonic constraint only, we vote for an optimal replacement function by propagating the curve smoothness constraint using a dense tensor field. Our method effectively infers missing curve segments and rejects image outliers. Applications using our tensor voting approach are proposed and described. The first application consists of image mosaicking of static scenes, where the voted replacement functions are used in our iterative registration algorithm for computing the best warping matrix. In the presence of occlusion, our replacement function can be employed to construct a visually acceptable mosaic by detecting occlusion which has large and piecewise constant color. Furthermore, by the simultaneous consideration of color matches and spatial constraints in the voting space, we perform image intensity compensation and high contrast image correction using our voting framework, when only two defective input images are given.

The Political Gender Gap: Gender Bias in Facial Inferences that Predict Voting Behavior

PubMed Central

Chiao, Joan Y.; Bowman, Nicholas E.; Gill, Harleen

2008-01-01

Background Throughout human history, a disproportionate degree of political power around the world has been held by men. Even in democracies where the opportunity to serve in top political positions is available to any individual elected by the majority of their constituents, most of the highest political offices are occupied by male leaders. What psychological factors underlie this political gender gap? Contrary to the notion that people use deliberate, rational strategies when deciding whom to vote for in major political elections, research indicates that people use shallow decision heuristics, such as impressions of competence solely from a candidate's facial appearance, when deciding whom to vote for. Because gender has previously been shown to affect a number of inferences made from the face, here we investigated the hypothesis that gender of both voter and candidate affects the kinds of facial impressions that predict voting behavior. Methodology/Principal Finding Male and female voters judged a series of male and female political candidates on how competent, dominant, attractive and approachable they seemed based on their facial appearance. Then they saw a series of pairs of political candidates and decided which politician they would vote for in a hypothetical election for President of the United States. Results indicate that both gender of voter and candidate affect the kinds of facial impressions that predict voting behavior. All voters are likely to vote for candidates who appear more competent. However, male candidates that appear more approachable and female candidates who appear more attractive are more likely to win votes. In particular, men are more likely to vote for attractive female candidates whereas women are more likely to vote for approachable male candidates. Conclusions/Significance Here we reveal gender biases in the intuitive heuristics that voters use when deciding whom to vote for in major political elections. Our findings underscore

The political gender gap: gender bias in facial inferences that predict voting behavior.

PubMed

Chiao, Joan Y; Bowman, Nicholas E; Gill, Harleen

2008-01-01

Throughout human history, a disproportionate degree of political power around the world has been held by men. Even in democracies where the opportunity to serve in top political positions is available to any individual elected by the majority of their constituents, most of the highest political offices are occupied by male leaders. What psychological factors underlie this political gender gap? Contrary to the notion that people use deliberate, rational strategies when deciding whom to vote for in major political elections, research indicates that people use shallow decision heuristics, such as impressions of competence solely from a candidate's facial appearance, when deciding whom to vote for. Because gender has previously been shown to affect a number of inferences made from the face, here we investigated the hypothesis that gender of both voter and candidate affects the kinds of facial impressions that predict voting behavior. Male and female voters judged a series of male and female political candidates on how competent, dominant, attractive and approachable they seemed based on their facial appearance. Then they saw a series of pairs of political candidates and decided which politician they would vote for in a hypothetical election for President of the United States. Results indicate that both gender of voter and candidate affect the kinds of facial impressions that predict voting behavior. All voters are likely to vote for candidates who appear more competent. However, male candidates that appear more approachable and female candidates who appear more attractive are more likely to win votes. In particular, men are more likely to vote for attractive female candidates whereas women are more likely to vote for approachable male candidates. Here we reveal gender biases in the intuitive heuristics that voters use when deciding whom to vote for in major political elections. Our findings underscore the impact of gender and physical appearance on shaping voter

Interpretation of Confidence Interval Facing the Conflict

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andrade, Luisa; Fernández, Felipe

2016-01-01

As literature has reported, it is usual that university students in statistics courses, and even statistics teachers, interpret the confidence level associated with a confidence interval as the probability that the parameter value will be between the lower and upper interval limits. To confront this misconception, class activities have been…

Decisions among the Undecided: Implicit Attitudes Predict Future Voting Behavior of Undecided Voters

PubMed Central

Lundberg, Kristjen B.; Payne, B. Keith

2014-01-01

Implicit attitudes have been suggested as a key to unlock the hidden preferences of undecided voters. Past research, however, offered mixed support for this hypothesis. The present research used a large nationally representative sample and a longitudinal design to examine the predictive utility of implicit and explicit attitude measures in the 2008 U.S. presidential election. In our analyses, explicit attitudes toward candidates predicted voting better for decided than undecided voters, but implicit candidate attitudes were predictive of voting for both decided and undecided voters. Extending our examination to implicit and explicit racial attitudes, we found the same pattern. Taken together, these results provide convergent evidence that implicit attitudes predict voting about as well for undecided as for decided voters. We also assessed a novel explanation for these effects by evaluating whether implicit attitudes may predict the choices of undecided voters, in part, because they are neglected when people introspect about their confidence. Consistent with this idea, we found that the extremity of explicit but not implicit attitudes was associated with greater confidence. These analyses shed new light on the utility of implicit measures in predicting future behavior among individuals who feel undecided. Considering the prior studies together with this new evidence, the data seem to be consistent that implicit attitudes may be successful in predicting the behavior of undecided voters. PMID:24489666

31 CFR 800.228 - Voting interest.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Voting interest. 800.228 Section 800... TAKEOVERS BY FOREIGN PERSONS Definitions § 800.228 Voting interest. The term voting interest means any interest in an entity that entitles the owner or holder of that interest to vote for the election of...

31 CFR 800.228 - Voting interest.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Voting interest. 800.228 Section 800... TAKEOVERS BY FOREIGN PERSONS Definitions § 800.228 Voting interest. The term voting interest means any interest in an entity that entitles the owner or holder of that interest to vote for the election of...

Government instability shifts skin tone representations of and intentions to vote for political candidates.

PubMed

Stern, Chadly; Balcetis, Emily; Cole, Shana; West, Tessa V; Caruso, Eugene M

2016-01-01

Does government stability shift the way White and Black Americans represent and make voting decisions about political candidates? Participants judged how representative lightened, darkened, and unaltered photographs were of a racially ambiguous candidate ostensibly running for political office (Studies 1-3). When the governmental system was presented as stable, White participants who shared (vs. did not share) the candidate's political beliefs rated a lightened photo as more representative of the candidate, and Black participants who shared (vs. did not share) the candidate's political beliefs rated a darkened photo as more representative (Studies 1-3). However, under conditions of instability, both Whites and Blacks who shared (vs. did not share) the candidate's political beliefs rated a lightened photo as more representative (Study 3). Representations of (Studies 2 and 3) and actual differences in (Studies 4a and 4b) skin tone predicted intentions to vote for candidates, as a function of government stability and participants' race. Further evidence suggested that system stability shifted the motivations that guided voting decisions (Study 4a and 4b). When the system was stable, the motivation to enhance one's group predicted greater intentions to vote for lighter skinned candidates among Whites, and greater intentions to vote for darker skinned candidates among Blacks. When the system was unstable, however, lacking confidence in the sociopolitical system predicted intentions to vote for lighter skinned candidates among both Whites and Blacks. Implications for political leadership and social perception are discussed. (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

On improving the efficiency of tensor voting.

PubMed

Moreno, Rodrigo; Garcia, Miguel Angel; Puig, Domenec; Pizarro, Luis; Burgeth, Bernhard; Weickert, Joachim

2011-11-01

This paper proposes two alternative formulations to reduce the high computational complexity of tensor voting, a robust perceptual grouping technique used to extract salient information from noisy data. The first scheme consists of numerical approximations of the votes, which have been derived from an in-depth analysis of the plate and ball voting processes. The second scheme simplifies the formulation while keeping the same perceptual meaning of the original tensor voting: The stick tensor voting and the stick component of the plate tensor voting must reinforce surfaceness, the plate components of both the plate and ball tensor voting must boost curveness, whereas junctionness must be strengthened by the ball component of the ball tensor voting. Two new parameters have been proposed for the second formulation in order to control the potentially conflictive influence of the stick component of the plate vote and the ball component of the ball vote. Results show that the proposed formulations can be used in applications where efficiency is an issue since they have a complexity of order O(1). Moreover, the second proposed formulation has been shown to be more appropriate than the original tensor voting for estimating saliencies by appropriately setting the two new parameters.

Quality monitored distributed voting system

DOEpatents

Skogmo, David

1997-01-01

A quality monitoring system can detect certain system faults and fraud attempts in a distributed voting system. The system uses decoy voters to cast predetermined check ballots. Absent check ballots can indicate system faults. Altered check ballots can indicate attempts at counterfeiting votes. The system can also cast check ballots at predetermined times to provide another check on the distributed voting system.

32 CFR 242b.5 - Voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... SCIENCES § 242b.5 Voting. (a) The concurrence of a majority of the Regents present at a meeting shall be... notation voting, by voting on material circulated to Regents individually or serially, or by polling of...

32 CFR 242b.5 - Voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... SCIENCES § 242b.5 Voting. (a) The concurrence of a majority of the Regents present at a meeting shall be... notation voting, by voting on material circulated to Regents individually or serially, or by polling of...

32 CFR 242b.5 - Voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... SCIENCES § 242b.5 Voting. (a) The concurrence of a majority of the Regents present at a meeting shall be... notation voting, by voting on material circulated to Regents individually or serially, or by polling of...

32 CFR 242b.5 - Voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... SCIENCES § 242b.5 Voting. (a) The concurrence of a majority of the Regents present at a meeting shall be... notation voting, by voting on material circulated to Regents individually or serially, or by polling of...

32 CFR 242b.5 - Voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... SCIENCES § 242b.5 Voting. (a) The concurrence of a majority of the Regents present at a meeting shall be... notation voting, by voting on material circulated to Regents individually or serially, or by polling of...

Quality monitored distributed voting system

DOEpatents

Skogmo, D.

1997-03-18

A quality monitoring system can detect certain system faults and fraud attempts in a distributed voting system. The system uses decoy voters to cast predetermined check ballots. Absent check ballots can indicate system faults. Altered check ballots can indicate attempts at counterfeiting votes. The system can also cast check ballots at predetermined times to provide another check on the distributed voting system. 6 figs.

Classification of voting algorithms for N-version software

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsarev, R. Yu; Durmuş, M. S.; Üstoglu, I.; Morozov, V. A.

2018-05-01

A voting algorithm in N-version software is a crucial component that evaluates the execution of each of the N versions and determines the correct result. Obviously, the result of the voting algorithm determines the outcome of the N-version software in general. Thus, the choice of the voting algorithm is a vital issue. A lot of voting algorithms were already developed and they may be selected for implementation based on the specifics of the analysis of input data. However, the voting algorithms applied in N-version software are not classified. This article presents an overview of classic and recent voting algorithms used in N-version software and the authors' classification of the voting algorithms. Moreover, the steps of the voting algorithms are presented and the distinctive features of the voting algorithms in Nversion software are defined.

11 CFR 110.18 - Voting age population.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Voting age population. 110.18 Section 110.18... PROHIBITIONS § 110.18 Voting age population. There is annually published by the Department of Commerce in the Federal Register an estimate of the voting age population based on an estimate of the voting age...

11 CFR 110.18 - Voting age population.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2013-01-01 2012-01-01 true Voting age population. 110.18 Section 110.18... PROHIBITIONS § 110.18 Voting age population. There is annually published by the Department of Commerce in the Federal Register an estimate of the voting age population based on an estimate of the voting age...

11 CFR 110.18 - Voting age population.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Voting age population. 110.18 Section 110.18... PROHIBITIONS § 110.18 Voting age population. There is annually published by the Department of Commerce in the Federal Register an estimate of the voting age population based on an estimate of the voting age...

11 CFR 110.18 - Voting age population.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Voting age population. 110.18 Section 110.18... PROHIBITIONS § 110.18 Voting age population. There is annually published by the Department of Commerce in the Federal Register an estimate of the voting age population based on an estimate of the voting age...

29 CFR 452.114 - Write-in votes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Write-in votes. 452.114 Section 452.114 Labor Regulations... OF 1959 Election Procedures; Rights of Members § 452.114 Write-in votes. Where write-in votes are... an election complaint under section 402 and then only if the arrangements for write-in votes were so...

Moral Foundations and Voting Intention in Italy

PubMed Central

Milesi, Patrizia

2017-01-01

Based on the view of morality proposed by the Moral Foundations Theory, this paper investigates whether voting intention is associated with moral foundation endorsement in not perfectly bipolar electoral contexts. Three studies carried out in Italy from 2010 to 2013, showed that controlling for ideological orientation, moral foundation endorsement is associated with voting intention. In Study 1 and 3, in fictitious and real national elections, intention to vote for right-wing political groups rather than for left-wing rivals was associated with Sanctity, confirming previous results obtained in the U.S. Furthermore, as a function of the specific competing political groups in each of the examined contexts other moral foundations predicted voting intention. In Study 1, Care and Authority predicted voting intention for the major political groups rather than for an autonomist party that aimed at decreasing central government’s fiscal power in favor of fiscal regional autonomy. In Study 3, Loyalty predicted the intention to vote for the major parliamentarian parties rather than for a movement that aimed at capturing disaffection towards traditional politics. In Study 2, at real regional elections, Loyalty predicted voting intention for the incumbent right-wing governor rather than for the challengers and Fairness predicted voting intention for left-wing extra-parliamentarian political groups rather than for the major left-wing party. Thus multiple moral concerns can be associated with voting intention. In fragmented and unstable electoral contexts, at each election the context of the competing political groups may elicit specific moral concerns that can contribute to affect voting intention beyond ideological orientation. PMID:29358981

12 CFR 7.2022 - Voting trusts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Voting trusts. 7.2022 Section 7.2022 Banks and... Practices § 7.2022 Voting trusts. The shareholders of a national bank may establish a voting trust under the applicable law of a state selected by the participants and designated in the trust agreement, provided the...

Enhancing navigation in biomedical databases by community voting and database-driven text classification

PubMed Central

Duchrow, Timo; Shtatland, Timur; Guettler, Daniel; Pivovarov, Misha; Kramer, Stefan; Weissleder, Ralph

2009-01-01

Background The breadth of biological databases and their information content continues to increase exponentially. Unfortunately, our ability to query such sources is still often suboptimal. Here, we introduce and apply community voting, database-driven text classification, and visual aids as a means to incorporate distributed expert knowledge, to automatically classify database entries and to efficiently retrieve them. Results Using a previously developed peptide database as an example, we compared several machine learning algorithms in their ability to classify abstracts of published literature results into categories relevant to peptide research, such as related or not related to cancer, angiogenesis, molecular imaging, etc. Ensembles of bagged decision trees met the requirements of our application best. No other algorithm consistently performed better in comparative testing. Moreover, we show that the algorithm produces meaningful class probability estimates, which can be used to visualize the confidence of automatic classification during the retrieval process. To allow viewing long lists of search results enriched by automatic classifications, we added a dynamic heat map to the web interface. We take advantage of community knowledge by enabling users to cast votes in Web 2.0 style in order to correct automated classification errors, which triggers reclassification of all entries. We used a novel framework in which the database "drives" the entire vote aggregation and reclassification process to increase speed while conserving computational resources and keeping the method scalable. In our experiments, we simulate community voting by adding various levels of noise to nearly perfectly labelled instances, and show that, under such conditions, classification can be improved significantly. Conclusion Using PepBank as a model database, we show how to build a classification-aided retrieval system that gathers training data from the community, is completely controlled

28 CFR 51.31 - Communications concerning voting suits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Communications concerning voting suits... Groups § 51.31 Communications concerning voting suits. Individuals and groups are urged to notify the Chief, Voting Section, Civil Rights Division, of litigation concerning voting in jurisdictions subject...

28 CFR 51.31 - Communications concerning voting suits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ADMINISTRATION OF SECTION 5 OF THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965, AS AMENDED Communications From Individuals and... Chief, Voting Section, Civil Rights Division, of litigation concerning voting in jurisdictions subject... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Communications concerning voting suits...

Voting by older adults with cognitive impairments.

PubMed

Karlawish, Jason

2008-02-01

This presidential election year reminds us of the importance of each vote and of the integrity of the electoral process. Recent elections have been decided by very narrow margins. In this context, the voting rights and capacity of persons with dementia warrant attention. About 4.5 million Americans currently live with dementia. Whether these citizens should vote raises a host of ethical, legal, and practical issues. At what point does someone lose the capacity to vote, and who decides? What kinds of assistance should these voters get, and who should provide it? And how can the voting rights of residents in long-term care facilities be protected?

VOTE: Military and Overseas Voters

Science.gov Websites

Absentee Voting Week WASHINGTON, Sept. 27, 2010 - The Department of Defense announced Absentee Voting Week Photos Week In Photos Videos DIMOC DOD/Military Seals DoD Flickr Secretary of Defense Flickr Deputy

Mental illness and the right to vote: a review of legislation across the world.

PubMed

Bhugra, Dinesh; Pathare, Soumitra; Gosavi, Chetna; Ventriglio, Antonio; Torales, Julio; Castaldelli-Maia, João; Tolentino, Edgardo Juan L; Ng, Roger

2016-08-01

The right to vote is an important right signifying freedom of thought as well as full citizenship in any setting. Right to vote is enshrined and protected by international human rights treaties. The right of 'everyone' to take part in the political process and elections is based on universal and equal suffrage. Although these International Conventions have been ratified by the large majority of United Nations Member States, their application across the globe is by no means universal. This study sets out to examine the domestic laws of UN Member States in order to explore whether individuals with mental health problems have the right to vote in actuality and, thu,s can participate in political life. Through various searches, electoral laws and Constitutions of 193 Member States of the United Nations were studied. The authors were able to find legislation and/or Constitutional provisions in 167 of the 193 Member States. Twenty-one countries (11%) only placed no restrictions on the right to vote by persons with mental health problems. Over one third of the countries (36%) deny all persons with any mental health problems a right to vote without any qualifier. Some of these discriminatory attitudes are reflected in the multiplicity of terms used to describe persons with mental health problems. Another 21 countries (11%) denied the right to vote to detained persons; of these, nine Member States specifically denied the right to vote to persons who were detained under the mental health law, while the remainder denied the right to vote to all those who were interdicted or judicially interdicted. It would appear that in many countries the denial of voting rights is attributed to a lack of ability to consent by the individuals with mental illness. Further exploration of explanation is required to understand these variations, which exist in spite of international treaties.

Defense.gov Special Report: Send Your Vote Home

Science.gov Websites

, is fast approaching. No matter where you are stationed, registering to vote and getting your absentee ballot is simple, fast and easy. State Guidelines Interactive Map Use the State Guidelines Interactive

7 CFR 1212.102 - Voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Voting. 1212.102 Section 1212.102 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Referendum Procedures § 1212.102 Voting. (a...

Achieving Learning Objectives through E-Voting Case Studies

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bishop, Matt; Frincke, Deb

2007-01-01

The recent explosion in the use of electronic voting machines provides a wonderful opportunity to teach students about computer security. Because voting is the cornerstone of any democracy or republic, the need for secure voting systems is obvious. Further, students are familiar with how to vote. But the complexity of mapping a traditional process of voting using secret ballots to an electronic environment shows the difficulties of implementing secure processes and systems. In this article, we show a high level mapping from selected security and privacy education outcomes into a target ‘case study’ of developing electronic voting machines intended formore » traditional secret ballot elections. Our intent is to motivate both a set of lessons specifically involving e-voting, as well as illustrating the usefulness of having a mapping from outcomes to simplified case studies.« less

29 CFR 452.94 - Reasonable opportunity to vote.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... DISCLOSURE ACT OF 1959 Right To Vote § 452.94 Reasonable opportunity to vote. The statutory protection of the right to vote implies that there must be a reasonable opportunity to vote. Thus, there is an obligation... ways, depending on factors such as the distance between the members' work site or homes and the polling...

7 CFR 1230.621 - Voting period.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PORK PROMOTION, RESEARCH, AND... term Voting period means the 3-consecutive business day period for in-person voting. Referendum ...

7 CFR 1206.102 - Voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Voting. 1206.102 Section 1206.102 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS... INFORMATION Referendum Procedures. § 1206.102 Voting. (a) Each eligible first handler and eligible importer of...

29 CFR 452.91 - Voting by employers, supervisors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... AND DISCLOSURE ACT OF 1959 Right To Vote § 452.91 Voting by employers, supervisors. Voting in union... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Voting by employers, supervisors. 452.91 Section 452.91... management is not precluded by title IV of the Act even if they are not required to maintain union membership...

29 CFR 452.91 - Voting by employers, supervisors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... AND DISCLOSURE ACT OF 1959 Right To Vote § 452.91 Voting by employers, supervisors. Voting in union... 29 Labor 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Voting by employers, supervisors. 452.91 Section 452.91... management is not precluded by title IV of the Act even if they are not required to maintain union membership...

7 CFR 1160.603 - Who may vote.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... person shall be refused a ballot. Any person casting more than one ballot with conflicting votes shall thereby invalidate all ballots cast by such person in such referendum. Each person voting shall have registered with the referendum agent prior to the voting period. Each ballot cast shall contain a...

Vote using the Web

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schmoltner, Anne-Marie

In an effort to increase the strength of AGU by increasing participation in voting, you will be able to cast your ballot for AGU officers on the Web this year. The Tellers Committee is working with an experienced firm, election.com, to develop procedures for conducting AGU's first electronic election in November and December 2001. You will be able to cast your votes for the officers of your choice, among the 62 candidates, by going to a secure Web site, or by requesting a paper ballot.An amendment to the District of Columbia law now permits non-profit organizations incorporated in Washington, D.C. to conduct elections using electronic voting. AGU was instrumental in getting the amendment adopted by the Council of the District of Columbia in spring 2001.

The Relationship between Voting Knowledge and Voting Attitudes of Selected Ninth and Tenth Grade Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Golden, Kathleen

1985-01-01

A study showed that the acquisition of voting knowledge in a civics class positively influenced ninth- and tenth-grade students' attitudes toward voting. Teachers should give students a solid foundation concerning the electoral process and encourage students to participate in the political process. (RM)

History of Voting in the United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yang, Elizabeth M.

1996-01-01

Explores the constitutional amendments and federal laws that extended the right to vote to most citizens. Discusses the historical circumstances and social issues that surrounded passage of the 15th Amendment (elimination of racial barriers), 19th Amendment (women's right to vote), and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. (MJP)

77 FR 57486 - Federal Voting Assistance Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-18

... covered by the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA) as modified by the Military... among the various levels of Government. List of Subjects in 32 CFR Part 233 Voting rights, civil rights... Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA), 42 U.S.C. 1973ff-1973ff-6. (b) Establishes policy and assigns...

Elections: DOD Can Strengthen Evaluation of Its Absentee Voting Assistance Program

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

Evaluation of Its Absentee Voting Assistance Program June 2010 GAO-10-476 Report Documentation Page Form ApprovedOMB No. 0704-0188 Public...4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Elections: DOD Can Strengthen Evaluation of Its Absentee Voting Assistance Program 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c...PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES

Responsibility and confidence

PubMed Central

Austin, Zubin

2013-01-01

Background: Despite the changing role of the pharmacist in patient-centred practice, pharmacists anecdotally reported little confidence in their clinical decision-making skills and do not feel responsible for their patients. Observational findings have suggested these trends within the profession, but there is a paucity of evidence to explain why. We conducted an exploratory study with an objective to identify reasons for the lack of responsibility and/or confidence in various pharmacy practice settings. Methods: Pharmacist interviews were conducted via written response, face-to-face or telephone. Seven questions were asked on the topic of responsibility and confidence as it applies to pharmacy practice and how pharmacists think these themes differ in medicine. Interview transcripts were analyzed and divided by common theme. Quotations to support these themes are presented. Results: Twenty-nine pharmacists were asked to participate, and 18 responded (62% response rate). From these interviews, 6 themes were identified as barriers to confidence and responsibility: hierarchy of the medical system, role definitions, evolution of responsibility, ownership of decisions for confidence building, quality and consequences of mentorship and personality traits upon admission. Discussion: We identified 6 potential barriers to the development of pharmacists’ self-confidence and responsibility. These findings have practical applicability for educational research, future curriculum changes, experiential learning structure and pharmacy practice. Due to bias and the limitations of this form of exploratory research and small sample size, evidence should be interpreted cautiously. Conclusion: Pharmacists feel neither responsible nor confident for their clinical decisions due to social, educational, experiential and personal reasons. Can Pharm J 2013;146:155-161. PMID:23795200

29 CFR 452.64 - Write-in votes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Write-in votes. 452.64 Section 452.64 Labor Regulations... OF 1959 Nominations for Office § 452.64 Write-in votes. The Act neither requires nor prohibits write-in candidacy or write-in votes. These matters are governed by appropriate provisions of the union's...

14 CFR 47.8 - Voting trusts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... provide for the succession of a voting trustee in the event of death, disability, resignation, termination of citizenship, or any other event leading to the replacement of any voting trustee. Upon succession...

14 CFR 47.8 - Voting trusts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...) of this section must provide for the succession of a voting trustee in the event of death, disability.... Upon succession, the replacement voting trustee shall immediately submit to the Registry the affidavit...

14 CFR 47.8 - Voting trusts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...) of this section must provide for the succession of a voting trustee in the event of death, disability.... Upon succession, the replacement voting trustee shall immediately submit to the Registry the affidavit...

14 CFR 47.8 - Voting trusts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... provide for the succession of a voting trustee in the event of death, disability, resignation, termination of citizenship, or any other event leading to the replacement of any voting trustee. Upon succession...

7 CFR 1205.204 - Voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... through the Internet during the voting period. A completed and signed CN-100 and supporting documentation.... Forms obtained via the Internet will be located at http://www.ams.usda.gov/Cotton. Upon request by....C. or through the Internet during the voting period. In addition, before the referendum, USDA shall...

12 CFR 708a.13 - Voting guidelines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Voting guidelines. 708a.13 Section 708a.13... INSURED CREDIT UNIONS TO MUTUAL SAVINGS BANKS § 708a.13 Voting guidelines. A converting credit union must conduct its member vote on conversion in a fair and legal manner. NCUA provides the following guidelines...

Architecture of COOPTO Remote Voting Solution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Silhavy, Radek; Silhavy, Petr; Prokopova, Zdenka

This contribution focuses on investigation of remote electronic voting system, named COOPTO. Researching of suitability of electronic voting solution is forced by necessity of the improvement election process. The COOPTO is based on topical investigation of voting process and their implementation of using modern information and communication technology. The COOPTO allows voters, who are not in their election district, to participate in the democracy process. The aim of this contribution is to describe results of the development of the COOPTO solutions.

Absentee Voting among Privately-Employed U.S. Citizens Living Overseas: Findings from the 1978 Post-Election Voting Survey (Form B).

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-06-01

citizens who live overseas. The questions concerned absentee voting experiences in the 1978 general election, interest in the election, sources of...cast ballots in the 1978 election. The most frequently cited reason for not voting was lack of information on absentee voting procedures. (Author)

[Voting by cognitively impaired persons: legal and ethical issues].

PubMed

Bosquet, Antoine; Medjkane, Amar; Vinceneux, Philippe; Mahé, Isabelle

2010-03-01

In democratic countries, cognitively impaired persons are a substantial and growing group of citizens. Most of them are citizens with dementia. In dementia, cognitive impairment induces a loss of some capacities, resulting in vulnerability and increased need for assistance. Voting by cognitively impaired persons raises any questions about the integrity of the electoral process, the risk of fraud and the respect of their citizenship. In France, the law is not definite about the voting of cognitively impaired persons. An objective assessment for voting capacity may be useful both for professionals in charge of voting organisation and for guardianship judge in order to help him in his decision to remove or keep the voting right of persons placed under guardianship. Assessing the reality of voting by cognitively impaired citizens is necessary to advance respect for their right to vote.

29 CFR 417.25 - Certification of results of vote.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Certification of results of vote. 417.25 Section 417.25... results of vote. Upon receipt of the report of the Assistant Secretary's Representative on the hearing and vote on removal, the Assistant Secretary shall certify the results of the vote to the court as required...

29 CFR 417.25 - Certification of results of vote.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Certification of results of vote. 417.25 Section 417.25... results of vote. Upon receipt of the report of the Assistant Secretary's Representative on the hearing and vote on removal, the Assistant Secretary shall certify the results of the vote to the court as required...

29 CFR 417.25 - Certification of results of vote.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Certification of results of vote. 417.25 Section 417.25... results of vote. Upon receipt of the report of the Assistant Secretary's Representative on the hearing and vote on removal, the Assistant Secretary shall certify the results of the vote to the court as required...

Your Voice, Your Vote: A Lesson with Website Resources

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mathys, Lori; Bennett, Linda

2006-01-01

This article describes several websites that can be used to encourage students to vote. These include "The Democracy Project: Inside the Voting Booth" sponsored by PBS. This site addresses three elementary topics: how one vote has made a difference in U.S. history, how the right to vote has gradually been expanded to include minorities (African…

29 CFR 417.25 - Certification of results of vote.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Certification of results of vote. 417.25 Section 417.25... results of vote. Upon receipt of the report of the Director's Representative on the hearing and vote on removal, the Director shall certify the results of the vote to the court as required by section 402(c) of...

29 CFR 417.25 - Certification of results of vote.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Certification of results of vote. 417.25 Section 417.25... results of vote. Upon receipt of the report of the Director's Representative on the hearing and vote on removal, the Director shall certify the results of the vote to the court as required by section 402(c) of...

Quantum anonymous voting with unweighted continuous-variable graph states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guo, Ying; Feng, Yanyan; Zeng, Guihua

2016-08-01

Motivated by the revealing topological structures of continuous-variable graph state (CVGS), we investigate the design of quantum voting scheme, which has serious advantages over the conventional ones in terms of efficiency and graphicness. Three phases are included, i.e., the preparing phase, the voting phase and the counting phase, together with three parties, i.e., the voters, the tallyman and the ballot agency. Two major voting operations are performed on the yielded CVGS in the voting process, namely the local rotation transformation and the displacement operation. The voting information is carried by the CVGS established before hand, whose persistent entanglement is deployed to keep the privacy of votes and the anonymity of legal voters. For practical applications, two CVGS-based quantum ballots, i.e., comparative ballot and anonymous survey, are specially designed, followed by the extended ballot schemes for the binary-valued and multi-valued ballots under some constraints for the voting design. Security is ensured by entanglement of the CVGS, the voting operations and the laws of quantum mechanics. The proposed schemes can be implemented using the standard off-the-shelf components when compared to discrete-variable quantum voting schemes attributing to the characteristics of the CV-based quantum cryptography.

Clinicians' perspectives of therapeutic alliance in face-to-face and telepractice speech-language pathology sessions.

PubMed

Freckmann, Anneka; Hines, Monique; Lincoln, Michelle

2017-06-01

To investigate the face validity of a measure of therapeutic alliance for paediatric speech-language pathology and to determine whether a difference exists in therapeutic alliance reported by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) conducting face-to-face sessions, compared with telepractice SLPs or in their ratings of confidence with technology. SLPs conducting telepractice (n = 14) or face-to-face therapy (n = 18) completed an online survey which included the Therapeutic Alliance Scales for Children - Revised (TASC-r) (Therapist Form) to rate clinicians' perceptions of rapport with up to three clients. Participants also reported their overall perception of rapport with each client and their comfort with technology. There was a strong correlation between TASC-r total scores and overall ratings of rapport, providing preliminary evidence of TASC-r face validity. There was no significant difference between TASC-r scores for telepractice and face-to-face therapy (p = 0.961), nor face-to-face and telepractice SLPs' confidence with familiar (p = 0.414) or unfamiliar technology (p = 0.780). The TASC-r may be a promising tool for measuring therapeutic alliance in speech-language pathology. Telepractice does not appear to have a negative effect on rapport between SLPs and paediatric clients. Future research is required to identify how SLPs develop rapport in telepractice.

28 CFR 51.29 - Communications concerning voting changes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Communications concerning voting changes... Groups § 51.29 Communications concerning voting changes. Any individual or group may send to the Attorney General information concerning a change affecting voting in a jurisdiction to which section 5 applies. (a...

28 CFR 51.29 - Communications concerning voting changes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ADMINISTRATION OF SECTION 5 OF THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965, AS AMENDED Communications From Individuals and... section 5 of the Voting Rights Act.” Comments should include, where available, the name of the... the Chief, Voting Section, Civil Rights Division, at the addresses, telefacsimile number, or email...

Stakes High for States in Fall Votes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McNeil, Michele

2006-01-01

This article reports how the stakes are getting higher for the various states as the 2006 state elections are approaching this fall. This article also discusses how the future of education policy will be heavily influenced by the votes cast in the November elections. Even with the heightened federal role under the No Child Left Behind Act, state…

Distinguishing highly confident accurate and inaccurate memory: insights about relevant and irrelevant influences on memory confidence.

PubMed

Chua, Elizabeth F; Hannula, Deborah E; Ranganath, Charan

2012-01-01

It is generally believed that accuracy and confidence in one's memory are related, but there are many instances when they diverge. Accordingly it is important to disentangle the factors that contribute to memory accuracy and confidence, especially those factors that contribute to confidence, but not accuracy. We used eye movements to separately measure fluent cue processing, the target recognition experience, and relative evidence assessment on recognition confidence and accuracy. Eye movements were monitored during a face-scene associative recognition task, in which participants first saw a scene cue, followed by a forced-choice recognition test for the associated face, with confidence ratings. Eye movement indices of the target recognition experience were largely indicative of accuracy, and showed a relationship to confidence for accurate decisions. In contrast, eye movements during the scene cue raised the possibility that more fluent cue processing was related to higher confidence for both accurate and inaccurate recognition decisions. In a second experiment we manipulated cue familiarity, and therefore cue fluency. Participants showed higher confidence for cue-target associations for when the cue was more familiar, especially for incorrect responses. These results suggest that over-reliance on cue familiarity and under-reliance on the target recognition experience may lead to erroneous confidence.

Distinguishing highly confident accurate and inaccurate memory: insights about relevant and irrelevant influences on memory confidence

PubMed Central

Chua, Elizabeth F.; Hannula, Deborah E.; Ranganath, Charan

2012-01-01

It is generally believed that accuracy and confidence in one’s memory are related, but there are many instances when they diverge. Accordingly, it is important to disentangle the factors which contribute to memory accuracy and confidence, especially those factors that contribute to confidence, but not accuracy. We used eye movements to separately measure fluent cue processing, the target recognition experience, and relative evidence assessment on recognition confidence and accuracy. Eye movements were monitored during a face-scene associative recognition task, in which participants first saw a scene cue, followed by a forced-choice recognition test for the associated face, with confidence ratings. Eye movement indices of the target recognition experience were largely indicative of accuracy, and showed a relationship to confidence for accurate decisions. In contrast, eye movements during the scene cue raised the possibility that more fluent cue processing was related to higher confidence for both accurate and inaccurate recognition decisions. In a second experiment, we manipulated cue familiarity, and therefore cue fluency. Participants showed higher confidence for cue-target associations for when the cue was more familiar, especially for incorrect responses. These results suggest that over-reliance on cue familiarity and under-reliance on the target recognition experience may lead to erroneous confidence. PMID:22171810

Anchoring bias in online voting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Zimo; Zhang, Zi-Ke; Zhou, Tao

2012-12-01

Voting online with explicit ratings could largely reflect people's preferences and objects' qualities, but ratings are always irrational, because they may be affected by many unpredictable factors like mood, weather and other people's votes. By analyzing two real systems, this paper reveals a systematic bias embedding in the individual decision-making processes, namely people tend to give a low rating after a low rating, as well as a high rating following a high rating. This so-called anchoring bias is validated via extensive comparisons with null models, and numerically speaking, the extent of bias decays with voting interval in a logarithmic form. Our findings could be applied in the design of recommender systems and considered as important complementary materials to previous knowledge about anchoring effects on financial trades, performance judgments, auctions, and so on.

Classroom Voting Questions to Stimulate Discussions in Precalculus

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cline, Kelly; Zullo, Holly; Huckaby, David A.; Storm, Christopher; Stewart, Ann

2018-01-01

Classroom voting can be an effective way to stimulate student discussions. In this pedagogy, the instructor poses a multiple-choice question to the class, and then allows a few minutes for consideration and small-group discussion before students vote, either with clickers, cell phones, or a non-electronic method. After the vote the instructor…

Ensemble of classifiers for confidence-rated classification of NDE signal

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Banerjee, Portia; Safdarnejad, Seyed; Udpa, Lalita; Udpa, Satish

2016-02-01

Ensemble of classifiers in general, aims to improve classification accuracy by combining results from multiple weak hypotheses into a single strong classifier through weighted majority voting. Improved versions of ensemble of classifiers generate self-rated confidence scores which estimate the reliability of each of its prediction and boost the classifier using these confidence-rated predictions. However, such a confidence metric is based only on the rate of correct classification. In existing works, although ensemble of classifiers has been widely used in computational intelligence, the effect of all factors of unreliability on the confidence of classification is highly overlooked. With relevance to NDE, classification results are affected by inherent ambiguity of classifica-tion, non-discriminative features, inadequate training samples and noise due to measurement. In this paper, we extend the existing ensemble classification by maximizing confidence of every classification decision in addition to minimizing the classification error. Initial results of the approach on data from eddy current inspection show improvement in classification performance of defect and non-defect indications.

Voting Intention and Choices: Are Voters Always Rational and Deliberative?

PubMed Central

Lee, I-Ching; Chen, Eva E.; Tsai, Chia-Hung; Yen, Nai-Shing; Chen, Arbee L. P.; Lin, Wei-Chieh

2016-01-01

Human rationality–the ability to behave in order to maximize the achievement of their presumed goals (i.e., their optimal choices)–is the foundation for democracy. Research evidence has suggested that voters may not make decisions after exhaustively processing relevant information; instead, our decision-making capacity may be restricted by our own biases and the environment. In this paper, we investigate the extent to which humans in a democratic society can be rational when making decisions in a serious, complex situation–voting in a local political election. We believe examining human rationality in a political election is important, because a well-functioning democracy rests largely upon the rational choices of individual voters. Previous research has shown that explicit political attitudes predict voting intention and choices (i.e., actual votes) in democratic societies, indicating that people are able to reason comprehensively when making voting decisions. Other work, though, has demonstrated that the attitudes of which we may not be aware, such as our implicit (e.g., subconscious) preferences, can predict voting choices, which may question the well-functioning democracy. In this study, we systematically examined predictors on voting intention and choices in the 2014 mayoral election in Taipei, Taiwan. Results indicate that explicit political party preferences had the largest impact on voting intention and choices. Moreover, implicit political party preferences interacted with explicit political party preferences in accounting for voting intention, and in turn predicted voting choices. Ethnic identity and perceived voting intention of significant others were found to predict voting choices, but not voting intention. In sum, to the comfort of democracy, voters appeared to engage mainly explicit, controlled processes in making their decisions; but findings on ethnic identity and perceived voting intention of significant others may suggest otherwise. PMID

Voting Intention and Choices: Are Voters Always Rational and Deliberative?

PubMed

Lee, I-Ching; Chen, Eva E; Tsai, Chia-Hung; Yen, Nai-Shing; Chen, Arbee L P; Lin, Wei-Chieh

2016-01-01

Human rationality--the ability to behave in order to maximize the achievement of their presumed goals (i.e., their optimal choices)--is the foundation for democracy. Research evidence has suggested that voters may not make decisions after exhaustively processing relevant information; instead, our decision-making capacity may be restricted by our own biases and the environment. In this paper, we investigate the extent to which humans in a democratic society can be rational when making decisions in a serious, complex situation-voting in a local political election. We believe examining human rationality in a political election is important, because a well-functioning democracy rests largely upon the rational choices of individual voters. Previous research has shown that explicit political attitudes predict voting intention and choices (i.e., actual votes) in democratic societies, indicating that people are able to reason comprehensively when making voting decisions. Other work, though, has demonstrated that the attitudes of which we may not be aware, such as our implicit (e.g., subconscious) preferences, can predict voting choices, which may question the well-functioning democracy. In this study, we systematically examined predictors on voting intention and choices in the 2014 mayoral election in Taipei, Taiwan. Results indicate that explicit political party preferences had the largest impact on voting intention and choices. Moreover, implicit political party preferences interacted with explicit political party preferences in accounting for voting intention, and in turn predicted voting choices. Ethnic identity and perceived voting intention of significant others were found to predict voting choices, but not voting intention. In sum, to the comfort of democracy, voters appeared to engage mainly explicit, controlled processes in making their decisions; but findings on ethnic identity and perceived voting intention of significant others may suggest otherwise.

17 CFR 240.16b-8 - Voting trusts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Voting trusts. 240.16b-8... Exchange Act of 1934 Exemption of Certain Transactions from Section 16(b) § 240.16b-8 Voting trusts. Any... deposit or withdrawal from a voting trust or deposit agreement shall be exempt from section 16(b) of the...

Under threat by popular vote: German-speaking immigrants' affect and cognitions following the Swiss vote against mass immigration.

PubMed

Rudert, Selma Carolin; Janke, Stefan; Greifeneder, Rainer

2017-01-01

A popular initiative in support of regulating future immigration to Switzerland was accepted by the electorate in 2014. Assuming that the initiative acted as an exclusionary threat for current immigrants of Switzerland, we conducted an online survey among a sample of highly-skilled German-speaking immigrants ("expats"). Participants reported having experienced negative affect following the vote. Moreover, having a more left-wing orientation, living in a political constituency that had voted pro-regulation and having proportionally few Swiss friends positively predicted negative affect following the vote. Negative affect was associated with a reported negative change in one's attitudes towards Switzerland, increased considerations to leave the country, and impaired satisfaction with life. In sum, the results suggest that a powerful exclusionary threat such as a national vote may be experienced as distressful by highly-skilled immigrants currently living in the country.

20 CFR 638.535 - Voting rights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Voting rights. 638.535 Section 638.535 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR JOB CORPS PROGRAM UNDER TITLE IV-B OF THE JOB TRAINING PARTNERSHIP ACT Center Operations § 638.535 Voting rights. The Job Corps...

20 CFR 638.535 - Voting rights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Voting rights. 638.535 Section 638.535 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR JOB CORPS PROGRAM UNDER TITLE IV-B OF THE JOB TRAINING PARTNERSHIP ACT Center Operations § 638.535 Voting rights. The Job Corps...

2008 Post-Election Voting Survey of Department of State Voting Assistance Officers: Statistical Methodology Report

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-08-01

Mike Wilson, Westat, Inc. developed weights for this survey. Westat performed data collection and editing. DMDC’s Survey Technology Branch, under...STATISTICAL METHODOLOGY REPORT Executive Summary The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act of 1986 (UOCAVA), 42 USC 1973ff, permits members of...citizens covered by UOCAVA, (2) to assess the impact of the FVAP’s efforts to simplify and ease the process of voting absentee , (3) to evaluate other

25 CFR 217.6 - Method of casting votes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Method of casting votes. 217.6 Section 217.6 Indians.... § 217.6 Method of casting votes. Within 30 days after an issue and any analysis provided for in §§ 217.4... superintendent in writing of the number of votes cast for and against the proposed or alternative solutions. If...

25 CFR 81.18 - Manner of voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... STATUTE § 81.18 Manner of voting. (a) Registered voters may vote by arriving at the appropriate polling... approved. (c) The election board may choose not to use polling places and provide for the issuance and...

"The Goddamndest, Toughest Voting Rights Bill": Critical Race Theory and the Voting Rights Act of 1965

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crowley, Ryan M.

2013-01-01

The author utilized Critical Race Theory (CRT) to examine the passage of the US Voting Rights Act (VRA) of 1965 in an effort to disrupt the simplistic, uncritical understandings of the US Civil Rights Movement common to school texts while also arguing for the ongoing importance of the VRA in a time when voting rights for people of color are under…

Under threat by popular vote: German-speaking immigrants’ affect and cognitions following the Swiss vote against mass immigration

PubMed Central

Janke, Stefan; Greifeneder, Rainer

2017-01-01

A popular initiative in support of regulating future immigration to Switzerland was accepted by the electorate in 2014. Assuming that the initiative acted as an exclusionary threat for current immigrants of Switzerland, we conducted an online survey among a sample of highly-skilled German-speaking immigrants (“expats”). Participants reported having experienced negative affect following the vote. Moreover, having a more left-wing orientation, living in a political constituency that had voted pro-regulation and having proportionally few Swiss friends positively predicted negative affect following the vote. Negative affect was associated with a reported negative change in one’s attitudes towards Switzerland, increased considerations to leave the country, and impaired satisfaction with life. In sum, the results suggest that a powerful exclusionary threat such as a national vote may be experienced as distressful by highly-skilled immigrants currently living in the country. PMID:28406990

Canada Votes: How We Elect Our Government. Second Revised Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Granfield, Linda

This information book provides a student text on voting procedures in Canada. The short sections provide easy reading on the federal electoral process in Canada. Students read about who can vote, how and when women and minorities won voting rights, the different parties, the voting process --both present and past, and election day happenings.…

Brainstorming: weighted voting prediction of inhibitors for protein targets.

PubMed

Plewczynski, Dariusz

2011-09-01

The "Brainstorming" approach presented in this paper is a weighted voting method that can improve the quality of predictions generated by several machine learning (ML) methods. First, an ensemble of heterogeneous ML algorithms is trained on available experimental data, then all solutions are gathered and a consensus is built between them. The final prediction is performed using a voting procedure, whereby the vote of each method is weighted according to a quality coefficient calculated using multivariable linear regression (MLR). The MLR optimization procedure is very fast, therefore no additional computational cost is introduced by using this jury approach. Here, brainstorming is applied to selecting actives from large collections of compounds relating to five diverse biological targets of medicinal interest, namely HIV-reverse transcriptase, cyclooxygenase-2, dihydrofolate reductase, estrogen receptor, and thrombin. The MDL Drug Data Report (MDDR) database was used for selecting known inhibitors for these protein targets, and experimental data was then used to train a set of machine learning methods. The benchmark dataset (available at http://bio.icm.edu.pl/∼darman/chemoinfo/benchmark.tar.gz ) can be used for further testing of various clustering and machine learning methods when predicting the biological activity of compounds. Depending on the protein target, the overall recall value is raised by at least 20% in comparison to any single machine learning method (including ensemble methods like random forest) and unweighted simple majority voting procedures.

76 FR 27016 - Evaluating Test Procedures for Voting Systems

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-10

...-02] Evaluating Test Procedures for Voting Systems AGENCY: National Institute of Standards and... Assistance Commission for use by NIST in research to develop and assess NIST's test procedures for voting... develop and assess NIST test protocols for voting equipment. NIST research is designed to: (1) Develop...

No Magic, Little Sleep, and Lots of Luck: Reflections from a Long-Serving University President

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trachtenberg, Stephen Joel

2006-01-01

Financial misdeeds, athletics scandals, and votes of "no confidence." How does a president escape all of these and hold office for the long haul? And "why" does one serve for an extensive term? In this article, the author explores these questions as he looks back on his long tenure at The George Washington University. He…

45 CFR 614.7 - Record vote.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION GOVERNMENT IN THE SUNSHINE ACT REGULATIONS OF THE NATIONAL SCIENCE BOARD § 614.7 Record vote. (a) For purposes of this part a vote of the National Science Board is a “record vote” if: (1) It carries by a majority of all those holding office as...

45 CFR 614.7 - Record vote.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION GOVERNMENT IN THE SUNSHINE ACT REGULATIONS OF THE NATIONAL SCIENCE BOARD § 614.7 Record vote. (a) For purposes of this part a vote of the National Science Board is a “record vote” if: (1) It carries by a majority of all those holding office as...

45 CFR 614.7 - Record vote.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION GOVERNMENT IN THE SUNSHINE ACT REGULATIONS OF THE NATIONAL SCIENCE BOARD § 614.7 Record vote. (a) For purposes of this part a vote of the National Science Board is a “record vote” if: (1) It carries by a majority of all those holding office as...

45 CFR 614.7 - Record vote.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION GOVERNMENT IN THE SUNSHINE ACT REGULATIONS OF THE NATIONAL SCIENCE BOARD § 614.7 Record vote. (a) For purposes of this part a vote of the National Science Board is a “record vote” if: (1) It carries by a majority of all those holding office as...

45 CFR 614.7 - Record vote.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION GOVERNMENT IN THE SUNSHINE ACT REGULATIONS OF THE NATIONAL SCIENCE BOARD § 614.7 Record vote. (a) For purposes of this part a vote of the National Science Board is a “record vote” if: (1) It carries by a majority of all those holding office as...

What Inverted U Can Do for Your Country: A Curvilinear Relationship Between Confidence in the Social System and Political Engagement.

PubMed

Cichocka, Aleksandra; Górska, Paulina; Jost, John T; Sutton, Robbie M; Bilewicz, Michał

2017-08-24

We examined the link between political engagement and the tendency to justify the sociopolitical system. On one hand, confidence in the system should be negatively related to political engagement, insofar as it entails reduced desire for social change; on the other hand, system confidence should also be positively related to political engagement to the extent that it carries an assumption that the system is responsive to citizens' political efforts. Because of the combination of these 2 opposing forces, the motivation for political engagement should be highest at intermediate levels of system confidence. Five studies revealed a negative quadratic relationship between system confidence and normative political engagement. In 2 representative surveys, Polish participants with moderate levels of system confidence were more likely to vote in political elections (Study 1) and to participate in solidarity-based collective action (Study 2). Two field studies demonstrated a negative quadratic relationship between system confidence and actual participation in political demonstrations (gender equality and teachers' protests in Poland; Studies 3 and 4). This pattern of results was further corroborated by analyses of data from 50 countries drawn from the World Value Survey: we observed negative quadratic relationships between system confidence and collective action as well as voting. These relationships were stronger in democratic (vs. nondemocratic) regimes (Study 5). Our results suggest that some degree of system confidence might be useful to stimulate political engagement within the norms of the system. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

Multiple confidence estimates as indices of eyewitness memory.

PubMed

Sauer, James D; Brewer, Neil; Weber, Nathan

2008-08-01

Eyewitness identification decisions are vulnerable to various influences on witnesses' decision criteria that contribute to false identifications of innocent suspects and failures to choose perpetrators. An alternative procedure using confidence estimates to assess the degree of match between novel and previously viewed faces was investigated. Classification algorithms were applied to participants' confidence data to determine when a confidence value or pattern of confidence values indicated a positive response. Experiment 1 compared confidence group classification accuracy with a binary decision control group's accuracy on a standard old-new face recognition task and found superior accuracy for the confidence group for target-absent trials but not for target-present trials. Experiment 2 used a face mini-lineup task and found reduced target-present accuracy offset by large gains in target-absent accuracy. Using a standard lineup paradigm, Experiments 3 and 4 also found improved classification accuracy for target-absent lineups and, with a more sophisticated algorithm, for target-present lineups. This demonstrates the accessibility of evidence for recognition memory decisions and points to a more sensitive index of memory quality than is afforded by binary decisions.

Empirical study on voting power in participatory forest planning.

PubMed

Vainikainen, N; Kangas, A; Kangas, J

2008-07-01

Multicriteria decision support systems are applied in natural resource management in order to clarify the planning process for the stakeholders, to make all available information usable and all objectives manageable. Especially when the public is involved in planning, the decision support system should be easy to comprehend, transparent and fair. Social choice theory has recently been applied to group decision-making in natural resources management to accomplish these objectives. Although voting forms the basis of democracy, and is usually taken as a fair method, the influence of voters over the outcome may vary. It is also possible to vote strategically to improve the results from each stakeholder's point of view. This study examines the use of social choice theory in revealing stakeholders' preferences in participatory forest planning, and the influence of different voters on the outcome. The positional voting rules examined were approval voting and Borda count, but both rules were slightly modified for the purposes of this study. The third rule examined, cumulative rule, resembles utilitarian voting rules. The voting rules were tested in a real participatory forest planning situation in eastern Lapland, Finland. All voting rules resulted in a different joint order of importance of the criteria. Yet, the preference orders produced had also a lot in common and the criteria could be divided into three quite distinct groups according to their importance. The influence of individual voters varied between the voting rules, and in each case different voter was the most influential.

Joining Young, Voting Young: The Effects of Youth Voluntary Associations on Early Adult Voting. CIRCLE Working Paper #73

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thomas, Reuben J.; McFarland, Daniel A.

2010-01-01

Adolescent voluntary associations are particularly well positioned in the life course to encourage voting as youth become full citizens. Extracurriculars socialize students into voting by habituating them to civic engagement and by connecting them to politically engaged cultures. We establish this argument by testing the effects of high school…

Adaptive voting computer system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Koczela, L. J.; Wilgus, D. S. (Inventor)

1974-01-01

A computer system is reported that uses adaptive voting to tolerate failures and operates in a fail-operational, fail-safe manner. Each of four computers is individually connected to one of four external input/output (I/O) busses which interface with external subsystems. Each computer is connected to receive input data and commands from the other three computers and to furnish output data commands to the other three computers. An adaptive control apparatus including a voter-comparator-switch (VCS) is provided for each computer to receive signals from each of the computers and permits adaptive voting among the computers to permit the fail-operational, fail-safe operation.

A social Bouba/Kiki effect: A bias for people whose names match their faces.

PubMed

Barton, David N; Halberstadt, Jamin

2018-06-01

The "bouba/kiki effect" is the robust tendency to associate rounded objects (vs. angular objects) with names that require rounding of the mouth to pronounce, and may reflect synesthesia-like mapping across perceptual modalities. Here we show for the first time a "social" bouba/kiki effect, such that experimental participants associate round names ("Bob," "Lou") with round-faced (vs. angular-faced) individuals. Moreover, consistent with a bias for expectancy-consistent information, we find that participants like targets with "matching" names, both when name-face fit is measured and when it is experimentally manipulated. Finally, we show that such bias could have important practical consequences: An analysis of voting data reveals that Senatorial candidates earn 10% more votes when their names fit their faces very well, versus very poorly. These and similar cross-modal congruencies suggest that social judgment involves not only amodal application of stored information (e.g., stereotypes) to new stimuli, but also integration of perceptual and bodily input.

The range of confidence scales does not affect the relationship between confidence and accuracy in recognition memory.

PubMed

Tekin, Eylul; Roediger, Henry L

2017-01-01

Researchers use a wide range of confidence scales when measuring the relationship between confidence and accuracy in reports from memory, with the highest number usually representing the greatest confidence (e.g., 4-point, 20-point, and 100-point scales). The assumption seems to be that the range of the scale has little bearing on the confidence-accuracy relationship. In two old/new recognition experiments, we directly investigated this assumption using word lists (Experiment 1) and faces (Experiment 2) by employing 4-, 5-, 20-, and 100-point scales. Using confidence-accuracy characteristic (CAC) plots, we asked whether confidence ratings would yield similar CAC plots, indicating comparability in use of the scales. For the comparisons, we divided 100-point and 20-point scales into bins of either four or five and asked, for example, whether confidence ratings of 4, 16-20, and 76-100 would yield similar values. The results show that, for both types of material, the different scales yield similar CAC plots. Notably, when subjects express high confidence, regardless of which scale they use, they are likely to be very accurate (even though they studied 100 words and 50 faces in each list in 2 experiments). The scales seem convertible from one to the other, and choice of scale range probably does not affect research into the relationship between confidence and accuracy. High confidence indicates high accuracy in recognition in the present experiments.

11 CFR 110.18 - Voting age population.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Voting age population. 110.18 Section 110.18 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL CONTRIBUTION AND EXPENDITURE LIMITATIONS AND... population of the United States, of each State, and of each Congressional district. The term voting age...

Legislator voting and behavioral science theory: a systematic review.

PubMed

Tung, Gregory J; Vernick, Jon S; Reiney, Erin V; Gielen, Andrea C

2012-11-01

To examine the application of behavioral science theories to explain the voting behavior of legislators for public health policies. We conducted a systematic review to identify studies that examined factors associated with legislator support, intention to vote, or actual votes on public health policies, emphasizing those grounded in behavior science theory. Twenty-one papers met our inclusion criteria, and 6 were explicitly grounded in a behavioral science theory. Behavioral science theories, and the theory of planned behavior in particular, provide a framework for understanding legislator voting behavior and can be used by advocates to advance pro-health policies.

32 CFR 2003.6 - Voting (Article VI).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Voting (Article VI). 2003.6 Section 2003.6 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense INFORMATION SECURITY OVERSIGHT OFFICE...) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.6 Voting (Article VI). (a) Motions. When the Panel is...

32 CFR 2003.6 - Voting (Article VI).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Voting (Article VI). 2003.6 Section 2003.6 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense INFORMATION SECURITY OVERSIGHT OFFICE...) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.6 Voting (Article VI). (a) Motions. When the Panel is...

Voting Rights Issues in the New Millennium.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ryan, John Paul, Ed.

2001-01-01

This publication examines ways to teach about law in the liberal arts. This issue focuses on future voting rights issues by exploring the 2000 presidential election. Articles included are: "Voting Rights in the New Millennium" (Jason F. Kirksey); "Legal and Political Lessons from 'Bush v. Gore'" (David Schultz); "The…

28 CFR 51.19 - Request for notification concerning voting litigation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... voting litigation. 51.19 Section 51.19 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PROCEDURES FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF SECTION 5 OF THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965, AS AMENDED General... to notify the Chief, Voting Section, Civil Rights Division, at the addresses, telefacsimile number...

12 CFR 708a.12 - Voting incentives.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Voting incentives. 708a.12 Section 708a.12 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CONVERSION OF INSURED CREDIT UNIONS TO MUTUAL SAVINGS BANKS § 708a.12 Voting incentives. If a converting credit union...

39 CFR 6.6 - Quorum and voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...)(1) requires a favorable vote of an absolute majority of the Governors in office; (b) In the... absolute majority of the Governors in office and the Postmaster General; (c) In the appointment, removal... necessary staff, a favorable vote of an absolute majority of the Governors in office is required; (d) In the...

25 CFR 81.6 - Entitlement to vote.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... member regardless of residence shall be entitled to vote on the adoption of a constitution and bylaws. (2... adoption of a constitution and bylaws by either arriving at a polling place or by requesting, properly... for the tribe before it becomes entitled to vote on the adoption of a constitution. (d) For a...

12 CFR 239.56 - Vote by members.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Vote by members. 239.56 Section 239.56 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) MUTUAL HOLDING COMPANIES (REGULATION MM) Conversions From Mutual to Stock Form § 239.56 Vote by...

12 CFR 239.56 - Vote by members.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Vote by members. 239.56 Section 239.56 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) MUTUAL HOLDING COMPANIES (REGULATION MM) Conversions from Mutual to Stock Form § 239.56 Vote by...

12 CFR 239.56 - Vote by members.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Vote by members. 239.56 Section 239.56 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) MUTUAL HOLDING COMPANIES (REGULATION MM) Conversions From Mutual to Stock Form § 239.56 Vote by...

Voting for a personality: Do first impressions and self-evaluations affect voting decisions?

PubMed

Koppensteiner, Markus; Stephan, Pia

2014-08-01

Participants were asked to assess their own personality (i.e. Big Five scales), the personality of politicians shown in brief silent video clips, and the probability that they would vote for these politicians. Response surface analyses (RSA) revealed noteworthy effects of self-ratings and observer-ratings of openness, agreeableness, and emotional stability on voting probability. Furthermore, the participants perceived themselves as being more open, more agreeable, more emotionally stable, and more extraverted than the average politician. The study supports previous findings that first impressions affect decision making on important issues. Results also indicate that when only nonverbal information is available people prefer political candidates they perceive as having personality traits they value in themselves.

Voting for a personality: Do first impressions and self-evaluations affect voting decisions?

PubMed Central

Koppensteiner, Markus; Stephan, Pia

2014-01-01

Participants were asked to assess their own personality (i.e. Big Five scales), the personality of politicians shown in brief silent video clips, and the probability that they would vote for these politicians. Response surface analyses (RSA) revealed noteworthy effects of self-ratings and observer-ratings of openness, agreeableness, and emotional stability on voting probability. Furthermore, the participants perceived themselves as being more open, more agreeable, more emotionally stable, and more extraverted than the average politician. The study supports previous findings that first impressions affect decision making on important issues. Results also indicate that when only nonverbal information is available people prefer political candidates they perceive as having personality traits they value in themselves. PMID:25089064

28 CFR 51.19 - Request for notification concerning voting litigation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... voting litigation. 51.19 Section 51.19 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PROCEDURES FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF SECTION 5 OF THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965, AS AMENDED General... promptly to notify the Chief, Voting Section, Civil Rights Division, Department of Justice, P.O. Box 66128...

Civitas: Toward a Secure Voting System

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-05-01

voting, we believe that remote vot- ing is the right problem to solve. One of our goals was therefore to strike a reasonable compromise between enabling...versions of this work. References [1] Ben Adida . Advances in Cryptographic Voting Systems. PhD thesis, MIT, Aug. 2006. [2] Roberto Araújo, Sébastien...3] Association for Computing Machinery. SIG elections. http://www.acm.org/sigs/elections, 2007. [4] Jonathan Bannet, David W. Price , Algis Rudys

Voting procedures from the perspective of theory of neural networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Suleimenov, Ibragim; Panchenko, Sergey; Gabrielyan, Oleg; Pak, Ivan

2016-11-01

It is shown that voting procedure in any authority can be treated as Hopfield neural network analogue. It was revealed that weight coefficients of neural network which has discrete outputs -1 and 1 can be replaced by coefficients of a discrete set (-1, 0, 1). This gives us the opportunity to qualitatively analyze the voting procedure on the basis of limited data about mutual influence of members. It also proves that result of voting procedure is actually taken by network formed by voting members.

Phase transition and information cascade in a voting model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hisakado, M.; Mori, S.

2010-08-01

In this paper, we introduce a voting model that is similar to a Keynesian beauty contest and analyse it from a mathematical point of view. There are two types of voters—copycat and independent—and two candidates. Our voting model is a binomial distribution (independent voters) doped in a beta binomial distribution (copycat voters). We find that the phase transition in this system is at the upper limit of t, where t is the time (or the number of the votes). Our model contains three phases. If copycats constitute a majority or even half of the total voters, the voting rate converges more slowly than it would in a binomial distribution. If independents constitute the majority of voters, the voting rate converges at the same rate as it would in a binomial distribution. We also study why it is difficult to estimate the conclusion of a Keynesian beauty contest when there is an information cascade.

Assessment of DoD Voting Assistance Programs for Calendar Year 2015

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-03-31

Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA) (Title 52, United States Code...Chapter 203) provides the legal basis for absentee voting requirements for Federal offices. It requires that each state permit absent Uniformed...Services voters and overseas voters to use absentee registration procedures to vote by absentee ballot in general, special, primary, and runoff elections

Two kinds of phase transitions in a voting model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hisakado, M.; Mori, S.

2012-08-01

In this paper, we discuss a voting model with two candidates, C0 and C1. We consider two types of voters—herders and independents. The voting of independents is based on their fundamental values, while the voting of herders is based on the number of previous votes. We can identify two kinds of phase transitions. One is an information cascade transition similar to a phase transition seen in the Ising model. The other is a transition of super and normal diffusions. These phase transitions coexist. We compared our results to the conclusions of experiments and identified the phase transitions in the upper limit of the time t by using the analysis of human behavior obtained from experiments.

Technology Confidence, Competence and Problem Solving Strategies: Differences within Online and Face-to-Face Formats

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson, Sharon L.; Palmer, Louann Bierlein

2011-01-01

This study identified the problem solving strategies used by students within a university course designed to teach pre-service teachers educational technology, and whether those strategies were influenced by the format of the course (i.e., face-to-face computer lab vs. online). It also examined to what extent the type of problem solving strategies…

Probabilistic Polling And Voting In The 2008 Presidential Election

PubMed Central

Delavande, Adeline; Manski, Charles F.

2010-01-01

This article reports new empirical evidence on probabilistic polling, which asks persons to state in percent-chance terms the likelihood that they will vote and for whom. Before the 2008 presidential election, seven waves of probabilistic questions were administered biweekly to participants in the American Life Panel (ALP). Actual voting behavior was reported after the election. We find that responses to the verbal and probabilistic questions are well-aligned ordinally. Moreover, the probabilistic responses predict voting behavior beyond what is possible using verbal responses alone. The probabilistic responses have more predictive power in early August, and the verbal responses have more power in late October. However, throughout the sample period, one can predict voting behavior better using both types of responses than either one alone. Studying the longitudinal pattern of responses, we segment respondents into those who are consistently pro-Obama, consistently anti-Obama, and undecided/vacillators. Membership in the consistently pro- or anti-Obama group is an almost perfect predictor of actual voting behavior, while the undecided/vacillators group has more nuanced voting behavior. We find that treating the ALP as a panel improves predictive power: current and previous polling responses together provide more predictive power than do current responses alone. PMID:24683275

The Legal Struggles to Gain Americans the Right To Vote.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Amamoo, Samia J.

2000-01-01

Discusses the major milestones in the battle for voting rights focusing on the 15th, 19th, 24th, and 26th Amendments and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Considers the future role of direct voting, specifically initiatives and referendums, and questions whether initiatives and referendums will encourage voter turnout. (CMK)

Conditions Influencing Faculty Voting in Collective Bargaining Elections.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bornheimer, Deane G.

1985-01-01

The factors that influenced voting behavior in two faculty union defeats at New York University are examined. The importance of the swing votes cast in a run-off election by the members of a previously defeated third party is discussed. (Author/MLW)

39 CFR 6.6 - Quorum and voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 39 Postal Service 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Quorum and voting. 6.6 Section 6.6 Postal Service UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE U.S. POSTAL SERVICE MEETINGS (ARTICLE VI) § 6.6 Quorum and voting. As provided by 39 U.S.C. 205(c), the Board acts by resolution upon a majority...

The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Background and Issues

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-03-08

Order Code RS20764 Updated March 8, 2007 The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Background and Issues Kevin J. Coleman Analyst in...register and vote absentee in federal elections under the provisions of the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA) of 1986. The law was...enacted to improve absentee registration and voting for this group of voters and to consolidate existing laws. Since 1942, several federal laws have

29 CFR 452.86 - Vote conditioned on payment of dues.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... where a member is laid off but desires to maintain his good standing and thus his membership rights by... AND DISCLOSURE ACT OF 1959 Right To Vote § 452.86 Vote conditioned on payment of dues. A labor organization may condition the exercise of the right to vote upon the payment of dues, which is a basic...

Voting based object boundary reconstruction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tian, Qi; Zhang, Like; Ma, Jingsheng

2005-07-01

A voting-based object boundary reconstruction approach is proposed in this paper. Morphological technique was adopted in many applications for video object extraction to reconstruct the missing pixels. However, when the missing areas become large, the morphological processing cannot bring us good results. Recently, Tensor voting has attracted people"s attention, and it can be used for boundary estimation on curves or irregular trajectories. However, the complexity of saliency tensor creation limits its applications in real-time systems. An alternative approach based on tensor voting is introduced in this paper. Rather than creating saliency tensors, we use a "2-pass" method for orientation estimation. For the first pass, Sobel d*etector is applied on a coarse boundary image to get the gradient map. In the second pass, each pixel puts decreasing weights based on its gradient information, and the direction with maximum weights sum is selected as the correct orientation of the pixel. After the orientation map is obtained, pixels begin linking edges or intersections along their direction. The approach is applied to various video surveillance clips under different conditions, and the experimental results demonstrate significant improvement on the final extracted objects accuracy.

The use of self checks and voting in software error detection - An empirical study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Leveson, Nancy G.; Cha, Stephen S.; Knight, John C.; Shimeall, Timothy J.

1990-01-01

The results of an empirical study of software error detection using self checks and N-version voting are presented. Working independently, each of 24 programmers first prepared a set of self checks using just the requirements specification of an aerospace application, and then each added self checks to an existing implementation of that specification. The modified programs were executed to measure the error-detection performance of the checks and to compare this with error detection using simple voting among multiple versions. The analysis of the checks revealed that there are great differences in the ability of individual programmers to design effective checks. It was found that some checks that might have been effective failed to detect an error because they were badly placed, and there were numerous instances of checks signaling nonexistent errors. In general, specification-based checks alone were not as effective as specification-based checks combined with code-based checks. Self checks made it possible to identify faults that had not been detected previously by voting 28 versions of the program over a million randomly generated inputs. This appeared to result from the fact that the self checks could examine the internal state of the executing program, whereas voting examines only final results of computations. If internal states had to be identical in N-version voting systems, then there would be no reason to write multiple versions.

Do Implicit Attitudes Predict Actual Voting Behavior Particularly for Undecided Voters?

PubMed Central

Friese, Malte; Smith, Colin Tucker; Plischke, Thomas; Bluemke, Matthias; Nosek, Brian A.

2012-01-01

The prediction of voting behavior of undecided voters poses a challenge to psychologists and pollsters. Recently, researchers argued that implicit attitudes would predict voting behavior particularly for undecided voters whereas explicit attitudes would predict voting behavior particularly for decided voters. We tested this assumption in two studies in two countries with distinct political systems in the context of real political elections. Results revealed that (a) explicit attitudes predicted voting behavior better than implicit attitudes for both decided and undecided voters, and (b) implicit attitudes predicted voting behavior better for decided than undecided voters. We propose that greater elaboration of attitudes produces stronger convergence between implicit and explicit attitudes resulting in better predictive validity of both, and less incremental validity of implicit over explicit attitudes for the prediction of voting behavior. However, greater incremental predictive validity of implicit over explicit attitudes may be associated with less elaboration. PMID:22952898

28 CFR 51.29 - Communications concerning voting changes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Groups § 51.29 Communications concerning voting changes. Any individual or group may send to the Attorney... individuals or groups concerning any change affecting voting may be sent at any time; however, individuals and... the Department of Justice the identity of any individual or entity providing information on a...

28 CFR 51.29 - Communications concerning voting changes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Groups § 51.29 Communications concerning voting changes. Any individual or group may send to the Attorney... individuals or groups concerning any change affecting voting may be sent at any time; however, individuals and... the Department of Justice the identity of any individual or entity providing information on a...

28 CFR 51.29 - Communications concerning voting changes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Groups § 51.29 Communications concerning voting changes. Any individual or group may send to the Attorney... individuals or groups concerning any change affecting voting may be sent at any time; however, individuals and... the Department of Justice the identity of any individual or entity providing information on a...

The reconstruction of revocation againts the rights to vote or to be voted in public post for those who are found guilty in corruption case in Indonesia from a progressive legal perspective

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tinambunan, HSR.; Widodo, H.; Ahmad, GA.

2018-01-01

Revocation of the right to vote and elected in public office for corruption convicted by the court is absolutely necessary, but in view of the limitations amongst them, the judge shall state how long the right is revoked, and provide a detailed reason why the relevant person shall be subject to an additional penalty of revocation, the non-regulation of the criteria of corruption convicts as to which additional crimes of impunity may be imposed and elected in public office in law. The removal of the right to vote and to be elected in public post is coherent with the progressive law conception that promotes the integration of law and the values of justice in society. The progressive step by the judge in the revocation of the right to vote and elected to the corruption convicts is absolutely necessary, with the legal pluralism approach to encourage pro justice and progressive law enforcement. Revision to the Criminal Code and Law no. 31 of 1999, especially regarding the criteria of what corruption convicts who can be sentenced to additional revocation of the right to vote and be elected is a necessity.

Game Face

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weiner, Jill

2005-01-01

In this article, the author discusses "Game Face: Life Lessons Across the Curriculum", a teaching kit that challenges assumptions and builds confidence. Game Face, which is derived from a book and art exhibition, "Game Face: What Does a Female Athlete Look Like?", uses layered and powerful images of women and girls participating in sports to teach…

Quantum voting and violation of Arrow's impossibility theorem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bao, Ning; Yunger Halpern, Nicole

2017-06-01

We propose a quantum voting system in the spirit of quantum games such as the quantum prisoner's dilemma. Our scheme enables a constitution to violate a quantum analog of Arrow's impossibility theorem. Arrow's theorem is a claim proved deductively in economics: Every (classical) constitution endowed with three innocuous-seeming properties is a dictatorship. We construct quantum analogs of constitutions, of the properties, and of Arrow's theorem. A quantum version of majority rule, we show, violates this quantum Arrow conjecture. Our voting system allows for tactical-voting strategies reliant on entanglement, interference, and superpositions. This contribution to quantum game theory helps elucidate how quantum phenomena can be harnessed for strategic advantage.

Vote Stuffing Control in IPTV-based Recommender Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bhatt, Rajen

Vote stuffing is a general problem in the functioning of the content rating-based recommender systems. Currently IPTV viewers browse various contents based on the program ratings. In this paper, we propose a fuzzy clustering-based approach to remove the effects of vote stuffing and consider only the genuine ratings for the programs over multiple genres. The approach requires only one authentic rating, which is generally available from recommendation system administrators or program broadcasters. The entire process is automated using fuzzy c-means clustering. Computational experiments performed over one real-world program rating database shows that the proposed approach is very efficient for controlling vote stuffing.

When the face fits: recognition of celebrities from matching and mismatching faces and voices.

PubMed

Stevenage, Sarah V; Neil, Greg J; Hamlin, Iain

2014-01-01

The results of two experiments are presented in which participants engaged in a face-recognition or a voice-recognition task. The stimuli were face-voice pairs in which the face and voice were co-presented and were either "matched" (same person), "related" (two highly associated people), or "mismatched" (two unrelated people). Analysis in both experiments confirmed that accuracy and confidence in face recognition was consistently high regardless of the identity of the accompanying voice. However accuracy of voice recognition was increasingly affected as the relationship between voice and accompanying face declined. Moreover, when considering self-reported confidence in voice recognition, confidence remained high for correct responses despite the proportion of these responses declining across conditions. These results converged with existing evidence indicating the vulnerability of voice recognition as a relatively weak signaller of identity, and results are discussed in the context of a person-recognition framework.

Indicators of deprivation, voting patterns, and health status at area level in the Republic of Ireland.

PubMed

Kelleher, C; Timoney, A; Friel, S; McKeown, D

2002-01-01

consumption among men (r= -595, p=0.003). Those rating their health as fair or poor were more likely to report a poor quality of life (r=0.487, p=0.022), to have none or primary school education only (r=0.428, p=0.047), or to have a means tested medical services card (r=0.428, p=0.047). There was no significant relation between SMR and voting pattern for the two main political parties (67.28% first preferences) but a significant relation with left wing voting (r=0.446, p=0.037). Fianna Fail voting pattern was inversely related to level of dissatisfaction with health (r= -0.59, p<0.05). There was a positive significant relation between left wing voting and dissatisfaction with health (r=0.51, p<0.02) and rate of smoking (r=0.47, p=0.03). Smoking pattern also related positively to rates of voter abstention (r=0.526, p=0.12). These data are consistent with those in other countries in showing a relation between deprivation indicators and lifestyle, but differ in that no relation with SMR and the votes cast for the main parties was seen in a country with a mainly centre right voting pattern. The relation between left wing voting pattern and some indicators of deprivation and lifestyle suggest that party political voting patterns and affiliations could be a useful indicator of vertical social capital. However, its variability as a measure across countries suggests that the inter-relation between sociocultural and economic factors and the consequent influence on health status is not straightforward.

Indicators of deprivation, voting patterns, and health status at area level in the Republic of Ireland

PubMed Central

Kelleher, C; Timoney, A; Friel, S; McKeown, D

2002-01-01

consumption (r=-0.672, p=0.001) and excess alcohol consumption among men (r=-595, p=0.003). Those rating their health as fair or poor were more likely to report a poor quality of life (r=0.487, p=0.022), to have none or primary school education only (r=0.428, p=0.047), or to have a means tested medical services card (r=0.428, p=0.047). There was no significant relation between SMR and voting pattern for the two main political parties (67.28% first preferences) but a significant relation with left wing voting (r=0.446, p=0.037). Fianna Fail voting pattern was inversely related to level of dissatisfaction with health (r= -0.59, p<0.05). There was a positive significant relation between left wing voting and dissatisfaction with health (r=0.51, p<0.02) and rate of smoking (r=0.47, p=0.03). Smoking pattern also related positively to rates of voter abstention (r=0.526, p=0.12). Conclusions: These data are consistent with those in other countries in showing a relation between deprivation indicators and lifestyle, but differ in that no relation with SMR and the votes cast for the main parties was seen in a country with a mainly centre right voting pattern. The relation between left wing voting pattern and some indicators of deprivation and lifestyle suggest that party political voting patterns and affiliations could be a useful indicator of vertical social capital. However, its variability as a measure across countries suggests that the inter-relation between sociocultural and economic factors and the consequent influence on health status is not straightforward. PMID:11801618

Why Voters Turn Out for Tax Limitation Votes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gramlich, Edward M.; And Others

1981-01-01

A survey following a 1978 Michigan tax-limitation election indicates that tax-limit supporters were far more likely to vote than were opponents. This supports the "alienation" hypothesis that voters who differ from the majority will be less likely to vote. Available from Executive Director, NTA-TIA, 21 East State Street, Columbus, OH…

78 FR 6289 - Estimates of the Voting Age Population for 2012

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-30

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Office of the Secretary Estimates of the Voting Age Population for 2012... estimates. SUMMARY: This notice announces the voting age population estimates as of July 1, 2012, for each... notice that the estimates of the voting age population for July 1, 2012, for each state and the District...

Inference of segmented color and texture description by tensor voting.

PubMed

Jia, Jiaya; Tang, Chi-Keung

2004-06-01

A robust synthesis method is proposed to automatically infer missing color and texture information from a damaged 2D image by (N)D tensor voting (N > 3). The same approach is generalized to range and 3D data in the presence of occlusion, missing data and noise. Our method translates texture information into an adaptive (N)D tensor, followed by a voting process that infers noniteratively the optimal color values in the (N)D texture space. A two-step method is proposed. First, we perform segmentation based on insufficient geometry, color, and texture information in the input, and extrapolate partitioning boundaries by either 2D or 3D tensor voting to generate a complete segmentation for the input. Missing colors are synthesized using (N)D tensor voting in each segment. Different feature scales in the input are automatically adapted by our tensor scale analysis. Results on a variety of difficult inputs demonstrate the effectiveness of our tensor voting approach.

22 CFR 1300.5 - Quorum and voting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Quorum and voting requirements. 1300.5 Section 1300.5 Foreign Relations MILLENNIUM CHALLENGE CORPORATION ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS OF THE MILLENNIUM CHALLENGE CORPORATION § 1300.5 Quorum and voting requirements. (a) Quorum requirements. A majority of the members of the Board shall constitute a...

Voting in Maine.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stewart, Carolyn; Cook, Mary

The first item in this packet is a pamphlet on how to vote and the election process. The pamphlet includes comprehensive information at a reading level that can be understood by many adults who have not graduated from high school. The pamphlet was designed by volunteer tutors of adult literacy students in Maine. The tutors researched information,…

Perspectives: Should Mandatory Voting Laws Be Implemented in the United States?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ornstein, Norman; Stoilov, Vassia

2011-01-01

Many countries around the world have compulsory voting laws. In the United States, where voter turnout tends to be lower than in other developed democracies, experts wonder whether voting laws would have a positive impact. In two distinct essays, voting and elections experts Norman Ornstein and Vassia Stoilov debate the implementation of…

The Voting Rights Act and Black Electoral Participation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Kenneth H.

An analysis of Census Bureau data on registration and voting by black citizens over the past two decades shows the positive influence of the 1965 Voting Rights Act on electoral participation. After the passage of the act, there was more than a 50% increase in the number of black registered voters. Of black and white citizens participating in the…

Creating Discussions with Classroom Voting in Linear Algebra

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cline, Kelly; Zullo, Holly; Duncan, Jonathan; Stewart, Ann; Snipes, Marie

2013-01-01

We present a study of classroom voting in linear algebra, in which the instructors posed multiple-choice questions to the class and then allowed a few minutes for consideration and small-group discussion. After each student in the class voted on the correct answer using a classroom response system, a set of clickers, the instructor then guided a…

The Vector-Ballot Approach for Online Voting Procedures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kiayias, Aggelos; Yung, Moti

Looking at current cryptographic-based e-voting protocols, one can distinguish three basic design paradigms (or approaches): (a) Mix-Networks based, (b) Homomorphic Encryption based, and (c) Blind Signatures based. Each of the three possesses different advantages and disadvantages w.r.t. the basic properties of (i) efficient tallying, (ii) universal verifiability, and (iii) allowing write-in ballot capability (in addition to predetermined candidates). In fact, none of the approaches results in a scheme that simultaneously achieves all three. This is unfortunate, since the three basic properties are crucial for efficiency, integrity and versatility (flexibility), respectively. Further, one can argue that a serious business offering of voting technology should offer a flexible technology that achieves various election goals with a single user interface. This motivates our goal, which is to suggest a new "vector-ballot" based approach for secret-ballot e-voting that is based on three new notions: Provably Consistent Vector Ballot Encodings, Shrink-and-Mix Networks and Punch-Hole-Vector-Ballots. At the heart of our approach is the combination of mix networks and homomorphic encryption under a single user interface; given this, it is rather surprising that it achieves much more than any of the previous approaches for e-voting achieved in terms of the basic properties. Our approach is presented in two generic designs called "homomorphic vector-ballots with write-in votes" and "multi-candidate punch-hole vector-ballots"; both of our designs can be instantiated over any homomorphic encryption function.

Remembering and Voting: Theory and Evidence from Amnesic Patients

PubMed Central

Coronel, Jason C.; Duff, Melissa C.; Warren, David E.; Federmeier, Kara D.; Gonsalves, Brian D.; Tranel, Daniel; Cohen, Neal J.

2013-01-01

One of the most prominent claims to emerge from the field of public opinion is that citizens can vote for candidates whose issue positions best reflect their own beliefs even when they cannot remember previously learned stances associated with the candidates. The current experiment provides a unique and powerful examination of this claim by determining whether individuals with profound amnesia, whose severe memory impairments prevent them from remembering specific issue information associated with any particular candidate, can vote for candidates whose issue positions come closest to their own political views. We report here that amnesic patients, despite not being able to remember any issue information, consistently voted for candidates with favored political positions. Thus, sound voting decisions do not require recall or recognition of previously learned associations between candidates and their issue positions. This result supports a multiple memory systems model of political decision making. PMID:24511170

Motion Detection in Ultrasound Image-Sequences Using Tensor Voting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Inba, Masafumi; Yanagida, Hirotaka; Tamura, Yasutaka

2008-05-01

Motion detection in ultrasound image sequences using tensor voting is described. We have been developing an ultrasound imaging system adopting a combination of coded excitation and synthetic aperture focusing techniques. In our method, frame rate of the system at distance of 150 mm reaches 5000 frame/s. Sparse array and short duration coded ultrasound signals are used for high-speed data acquisition. However, many artifacts appear in the reconstructed image sequences because of the incompleteness of the transmitted code. To reduce the artifacts, we have examined the application of tensor voting to the imaging method which adopts both coded excitation and synthetic aperture techniques. In this study, the basis of applying tensor voting and the motion detection method to ultrasound images is derived. It was confirmed that velocity detection and feature enhancement are possible using tensor voting in the time and space of simulated ultrasound three-dimensional image sequences.

Voting pattern of mental patients in a community state hospital.

PubMed

Klein, M M; Grossman, S A

1967-06-01

The voting pattern of mental patients in a community-based state hospital was studied. Patients were polled on the New York City mayoralty race. A comparison to the vote of the general population revealed that the hospital sample vote resembled most closely the election results of the hospital district. The results highlight the advantage of community-centered mental health facilities, which undertake the treatment and rehabilitation of mental patients under conditions that maintain ties with family and community.

2008 Post-Election Voting Survey of Overseas Citizens: Statistical Methodology Report

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-08-01

Gorsak. Westat performed data collection and editing. DMDC’s Survey Technology Branch, under the guidance of Frederick Licari, Branch Chief, is...POST-ELECTION VOTING SURVEY OF OVERSEAS CITIZENS: STATISTICAL METHODOLOGY REPORT Executive Summary The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee ...ease the process of voting absentee , (3) to evaluate other progress made to facilitate voting participation, and (4) to identify any remaining

Performance evaluation of no-reference image quality metrics for face biometric images

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Xinwei; Pedersen, Marius; Charrier, Christophe; Bours, Patrick

2018-03-01

The accuracy of face recognition systems is significantly affected by the quality of face sample images. The recent established standardization proposed several important aspects for the assessment of face sample quality. There are many existing no-reference image quality metrics (IQMs) that are able to assess natural image quality by taking into account similar image-based quality attributes as introduced in the standardization. However, whether such metrics can assess face sample quality is rarely considered. We evaluate the performance of 13 selected no-reference IQMs on face biometrics. The experimental results show that several of them can assess face sample quality according to the system performance. We also analyze the strengths and weaknesses of different IQMs as well as why some of them failed to assess face sample quality. Retraining an original IQM by using face database can improve the performance of such a metric. In addition, the contribution of this paper can be used for the evaluation of IQMs on other biometric modalities; furthermore, it can be used for the development of multimodality biometric IQMs.

Face-Lift Satisfaction Using the FACE-Q.

PubMed

Sinno, Sammy; Schwitzer, Jonathan; Anzai, Lavinia; Thorne, Charles H

2015-08-01

Face lifting is one of the most common operative procedures for facial aging and perhaps the procedure most synonymous with plastic surgery in the minds of the lay public, but no verifiable documentation of patient satisfaction exists in the literature. This study is the first to examine face-lift outcomes and patient satisfaction using a validated questionnaire. One hundred five patients undergoing a face lift performed by the senior author (C.H.T.) using a high, extended-superficial musculoaponeurotic system with submental platysma approximation technique were asked to complete anonymously the FACE-Q by e-mail. FACE-Q scores were assessed for each domain (range, 0 to 100), with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction with appearance or superior quality of life. Fifty-three patients completed the FACE-Q (50.5 percent response rate). Patients demonstrated high satisfaction with facial appearance (mean ± SD, 80.7 ± 22.3), and quality of life, including social confidence (90.4 ± 16.6), psychological well-being (92.8 ± 14.3), and early life impact (92.2 ± 16.4). Patients also reported extremely high satisfaction with their decision to undergo face lifting (90.5 ± 15.9). On average, patients felt they appeared 6.9 years younger than their actual age. Patients were most satisfied with the appearance of their nasolabial folds (86.2 ± 18.5), cheeks (86.1 ± 25.4), and lower face/jawline (86.0 ± 20.6), compared with their necks (78.1 ± 25.6) and area under the chin (67.9 ± 32.3). Patients who responded in this study were extremely satisfied with their decision to undergo face lifting and the outcomes and quality of life following the procedure.

78 FR 42761 - Proposed Information Collection-2014 Election Administration and Voting Survey; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-17

... Voting Survey; Comment Request AGENCY: U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC). ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY... Administration and Voting Survey) to the Director of the Office of Management and Budget for approval. The 2014 Election Administration and Voting Survey (Survey) asks election officials questions concerning voting and...

Local ICA for the Most Wanted face recognition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guan, Xin; Szu, Harold H.; Markowitz, Zvi

2000-04-01

Facial disguises of FBI Most Wanted criminals are inevitable and anticipated in our design of automatic/aided target recognition (ATR) imaging systems. For example, man's facial hairs may hide his mouth and chin but not necessarily the nose and eyes. Sunglasses will cover the eyes but not the nose, mouth, and chins. This fact motivates us to build sets of the independent component analyses bases separately for each facial region of the entire alleged criminal group. Then, given an alleged criminal face, collective votes are obtained from all facial regions in terms of 'yes, no, abstain' and are tallied for a potential alarm. Moreover, and innocent outside shall fall below the alarm threshold and is allowed to pass the checkpoint. Such a PD versus FAR called ROC curve is obtained.

Comparing Youth Opinions toward Compulsory Voting across Five Countries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pesek, Jessamay T.

2014-01-01

This study uses a comparative case study design to examine youth (ages 13-20) opinions toward compulsory voting across five democratic countries: Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and the United States. Youth responses toward compulsory voting demonstrate how youth come to learn about citizen rights and responsibilities with varied understandings…

The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Overview and Issues

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-05-29

action officers to perform voting assistance duties; establish procedures to ensure a postmark or proof of mailing date on absentee ballots; requires...CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act...TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 00-00-2009 to 00-00-2009 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Overview and

The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Background and Issues

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-01-30

action officers to perform voting assistance duties; establish procedures to ensure a postmark or proof of mailing date on absentee ballots; requires...2003 The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Background and Issues Kevin J. Coleman Analyst in American National Government...Government and Finance Division Summary Members of the military and U.S. citizens who live abroad are eligible to register and vote absentee in federal

Affinity communities in United Nations voting: Implications for democracy, cooperation, and conflict

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pauls, Scott D.; Cranmer, Skyler J.

2017-10-01

A network oriented examination of the co-voting network of the United Nations (UN) provides powerful insights into the international alignment of states, as well as normatively important processes such as democracy, defensive cooperation, and armed conflict. Here, we investigate the UN co-voting network using the tools of community detection and inductively identify "affinity communities" in which states articulate similar policy preferences through their voting patterns. Analysis of these communities reveals that there is more information contained in UN voting and co-voting patterns than has previously been thought. Affinity communities have complex relationships with some of the most normatively important international outcomes: they reflect transitions to democracy, have a feedback loop with the formation of defensive alliances, and actively help states avoid armed conflict.

Scan statistics with local vote for target detection in distributed system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Luo, Junhai; Wu, Qi

2017-12-01

Target detection has occupied a pivotal position in distributed system. Scan statistics, as one of the most efficient detection methods, has been applied to a variety of anomaly detection problems and significantly improves the probability of detection. However, scan statistics cannot achieve the expected performance when the noise intensity is strong, or the signal emitted by the target is weak. The local vote algorithm can also achieve higher target detection rate. After the local vote, the counting rule is always adopted for decision fusion. The counting rule does not use the information about the contiguity of sensors but takes all sensors' data into consideration, which makes the result undesirable. In this paper, we propose a scan statistics with local vote (SSLV) method. This method combines scan statistics with local vote decision. Before scan statistics, each sensor executes local vote decision according to the data of its neighbors and its own. By combining the advantages of both, our method can obtain higher detection rate in low signal-to-noise ratio environment than the scan statistics. After the local vote decision, the distribution of sensors which have detected the target becomes more intensive. To make full use of local vote decision, we introduce a variable-step-parameter for the SSLV. It significantly shortens the scan period especially when the target is absent. Analysis and simulations are presented to demonstrate the performance of our method.

The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Background and Issues

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-05-12

The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Background and Issues Kevin J. Coleman Analyst in American National Government Government...and Finance Division Summary Members of the military and U.S. citizens who live abroad are eligible to register and vote absentee in federal elections...under the provisions of the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA) of 1986. The law was enacted to improve absentee registration

Diverging Life Expectancies and Voting Patterns in the 2016 US Presidential Election

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

Objectives. To assess whether voting patterns in the 2016 US presidential election were correlated with long-run trends in county life expectancy. Methods. I examined county-level voting data from the 2008 and 2016 presidential elections and assessed Donald Trump’s share of the 2016 vote, change in the Republican vote share between 2008 and 2016, and changes in absolute numbers of Democratic and Republican votes. County-level estimates of life expectancy at birth were obtained for 1980 and 2014 from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Results. Changes in county life expectancy from 1980 to 2014 were strongly negatively associated with Trump’s vote share, with less support for Trump in counties experiencing greater survival gains. Counties in which life expectancy stagnated or declined saw a 10-percentage-point increase in the Republican vote share between 2008 and 2016. Conclusions. Residents of counties left out from broader life expectancy gains abandoned the Democratic Party in the 2016 presidential election. Since coming to power, the Trump administration has proposed cuts to health insurance for the poor, social programs, health research, and environmental and worker protections, which are key determinants of population health. Health gaps likely will continue to widen without significant public investment in population health. PMID:28817322

Diverging Life Expectancies and Voting Patterns in the 2016 US Presidential Election.

PubMed

Bor, Jacob

2017-10-01

To assess whether voting patterns in the 2016 US presidential election were correlated with long-run trends in county life expectancy. I examined county-level voting data from the 2008 and 2016 presidential elections and assessed Donald Trump's share of the 2016 vote, change in the Republican vote share between 2008 and 2016, and changes in absolute numbers of Democratic and Republican votes. County-level estimates of life expectancy at birth were obtained for 1980 and 2014 from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Changes in county life expectancy from 1980 to 2014 were strongly negatively associated with Trump's vote share, with less support for Trump in counties experiencing greater survival gains. Counties in which life expectancy stagnated or declined saw a 10-percentage-point increase in the Republican vote share between 2008 and 2016. Residents of counties left out from broader life expectancy gains abandoned the Democratic Party in the 2016 presidential election. Since coming to power, the Trump administration has proposed cuts to health insurance for the poor, social programs, health research, and environmental and worker protections, which are key determinants of population health. Health gaps likely will continue to widen without significant public investment in population health.

75 FR 79417 - Record of Vote of Meeting Closure

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-20

...] Record of Vote of Meeting Closure I, Isaac Fulwood, of the United States Parole Commission, was present... following Commissioners voted that the meeting be closed: Isaac Fulwood, Cranston J. Mitchell and Patricia K.... Isaac Fulwood, Chairman, U.S. Parole Commission. [FR Doc. 2010-31860 Filed 12-17-10; 8:45 am] BILLING...

Marijuana policy opinions in Washington state since legalization: Would voters vote the same way?

PubMed

Subbaraman, Meenakshi Sabina; Kerr, William C

2016-12-01

In 2012, voters in Washington state approved Initiative 502 (I-502) which legalized recreational marijuana use at the state level. This study examines the relationship between demographics, marijuana and alcohol use, and voting outcomes, as well as how these variables relate to (i) whether voters would still vote the same way (a reflection of satisfaction with the new policy) and (ii) the likelihood of using marijuana purchased from legal retail stores. The sample consists of 2,007 adult Washington state residents recruited through Random Digit Dial between January and October 2014. Bivariate tests and multivariable regressions were used for analyses. Less than five percent of those who voted for marijuana legalization would change their votes, whereas 14% of those who voted against legalization would change their votes. In multivariable models controlling for demographics, substance use, and marijuana-related opinions, those who voted for legalization had half the odds of changing their votes than those who voted against it. Among past-year non-marijuana users, almost 10% were somewhat/very likely to use marijuana if they could buy it from a legal store. Past marijuana use, the belief that adults should be allowed to grow marijuana for personal use, and the belief that marijuana is not very risky for health were all related to increased likelihood of using marijuana purchased from legal stores. Since November 2012, support for marijuana legalization in Washington state has increased; accounting for the proportion of voters who would change their votes suggests that I-502 would pass today with even more votes in favor.

Software Voting in Asynchronous NMR (N-Modular Redundancy) Computer Structures.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-06

added reliability is exchanged for increased system cost and decreased throughput. Some applications require extremely reliable systems, so the only...not the other way around. Although no systems proidc abstract voting yet. as more applications are written for NMR systems, the programmers are going...throughput goes down, the overhead goes up. Mathematically : Overhead= Non redundant Throughput- Actual Throughput (1) In this section, the actual throughput

Conditions for exercising residents' voting rights in long-term care residences: a prospective multicenter study.

PubMed

Bosquet, Antoine; El Massioui, Farid; Mahé, Isabelle

2015-01-01

To assess voting conditions in long-term care settings, we conducted a multicenter survey after the 2009 European elections in France. A questionnaire about voting procedures and European elections was proposed in 146 out of 884 randomized facilities. Sixty-four percent of facilities answered the questionnaire. Four percent of residents voted (national turnout: 40%), by proxy (58%) or at polling places (42%). Abstention related to procedural issues was reported in 32% of facilities. Sixty-seven percent of establishments had voting procedures, and 53% declared that they assessed residents' capacity to vote. Assistance was proposed to residents for voter registration, for proxy voting, and for voting at polling places, respectively, in 33%, 87%, and 80% of facilities. This survey suggests that residents may be disenfranchised and that more progress should be made to protect the voting rights of residents in long-term care facilities.

Faculty Voting Behavior in Temple University Collective Bargaining Elections.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mortimer, Kenneth P.; Ross, Naomi V.

This document reports on a survey of faculty voting behavior. The survey was months after a second election was held to determine whether or not faculty and support professionals at Temple University would be represented by a collective bargaining agent. The survey focused on the relationship between voting behavior and two potential sources of…

Voting patterns and alliance formation in the European Parliament

PubMed Central

Hix, Simon; Noury, Abdul; Roland, Gérard

2008-01-01

Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) have voluntarily formed transnational political groups and invariably follow the voting instructions of these groups. This is intriguing as there are few obvious incentives for doing so. Unlike national parties, for example, the political groups in the European Parliament are not punished by the electorate if they are divided on key issues, as citizens know very little about what goes on inside the European Parliament. This paper pieces together an explanation of why the European political groups exist and why they have become so powerful by looking at the determinants of group cohesion and by undertaking a spatial analysis of voting in the European Parliament. MEPs who share preferences on a range of issues on the European Union policy agenda have an incentive to establish a division-of-labour contract and to share the costs of collecting information. Once internal party policy specialization and agenda setting has been established, MEPs have incentives to follow the voting instructions of their group owing to the advantages of cohesion in a context of repeated voting. PMID:19073477

Variational optical flow estimation based on stick tensor voting.

PubMed

Rashwan, Hatem A; Garcia, Miguel A; Puig, Domenec

2013-07-01

Variational optical flow techniques allow the estimation of flow fields from spatio-temporal derivatives. They are based on minimizing a functional that contains a data term and a regularization term. Recently, numerous approaches have been presented for improving the accuracy of the estimated flow fields. Among them, tensor voting has been shown to be particularly effective in the preservation of flow discontinuities. This paper presents an adaptation of the data term by using anisotropic stick tensor voting in order to gain robustness against noise and outliers with significantly lower computational cost than (full) tensor voting. In addition, an anisotropic complementary smoothness term depending on directional information estimated through stick tensor voting is utilized in order to preserve discontinuity capabilities of the estimated flow fields. Finally, a weighted non-local term that depends on both the estimated directional information and the occlusion state of pixels is integrated during the optimization process in order to denoise the final flow field. The proposed approach yields state-of-the-art results on the Middlebury benchmark.

Voting patterns and alliance formation in the European Parliament.

PubMed

Hix, Simon; Noury, Abdul; Roland, Gérard

2009-03-27

Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) have voluntarily formed transnational political groups and invariably follow the voting instructions of these groups. This is intriguing as there are few obvious incentives for doing so. Unlike national parties, for example, the political groups in the European Parliament are not punished by the electorate if they are divided on key issues, as citizens know very little about what goes on inside the European Parliament. This paper pieces together an explanation of why the European political groups exist and why they have become so powerful by looking at the determinants of group cohesion and by undertaking a spatial analysis of voting in the European Parliament. MEPs who share preferences on a range of issues on the European Union policy agenda have an incentive to establish a division-of-labour contract and to share the costs of collecting information. Once internal party policy specialization and agenda setting has been established, MEPs have incentives to follow the voting instructions of their group owing to the advantages of cohesion in a context of repeated voting.

Do Online Voting Patterns Reflect Evolved Features of Human Cognition? An Exploratory Empirical Investigation.

PubMed

Priestley, Maria; Mesoudi, Alex

2015-01-01

Online votes or ratings can assist internet users in evaluating the credibility and appeal of the information which they encounter. For example, aggregator websites such as Reddit allow users to up-vote submitted content to make it more prominent, and down-vote content to make it less prominent. Here we argue that decisions over what to up- or down-vote may be guided by evolved features of human cognition. We predict that internet users should be more likely to up-vote content that others have also up-voted (social influence), content that has been submitted by particularly liked or respected users (model-based bias), content that constitutes evolutionarily salient or relevant information (content bias), and content that follows group norms and, in particular, prosocial norms. 489 respondents from the online social voting community Reddit rated the extent to which they felt different traits influenced their voting. Statistical analyses confirmed that norm-following and prosociality, as well as various content biases such as emotional content and originality, were rated as important motivators of voting. Social influence had a smaller effect than expected, while attitudes towards the submitter had little effect. This exploratory empirical investigation suggests that online voting communities can provide an important test-bed for evolutionary theories of human social information use, and that evolved features of human cognition may guide online behaviour just as it guides behaviour in the offline world.

A massive experiment on choice blindness in political decisions: Confidence, confabulation, and unconscious detection of self-deception

PubMed Central

Rieznik, Andrés; Moscovich, Lorena; Frieiro, Alan; Figini, Julieta; Catalano, Rodrigo; Garrido, Juan Manuel; Álvarez Heduan, Facundo; Sigman, Mariano; Gonzalez, Pablo A.

2017-01-01

We implemented a Choice Blindness Paradigm containing political statements in Argentina to reveal the existence of categorical ranges of introspective reports, identified by confidence and agreement levels, separating easy from very hard to manipulate decisions. CBP was implemented in both live and web-based forms. Importantly, and contrary to what was observed in Sweden, we did not observe changes in voting intentions. Also, confidence levels in the manipulated replies where significantly lower than in non-manipulated cases even in undetected manipulations. We name this phenomenon unconscious detection of self-deception. Results also show that females are more difficult to manipulate than men. PMID:28196093

The Drastic Outcomes from Voting Alliances in Three-Party Democratic Voting (1990 → 2013)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Galam, Serge

2013-04-01

The drastic effect of local alliances in three-party competition is investigated in democratic hierarchical bottom-up voting. The results are obtained analytically using a model which extends a sociophysics frame introduced in 1986 (Galam in J. Math. Phys. 30:426, 1986) and 1990 (Galam in J. Stat. Phys. 61:943, 1990) to study two-party systems and the spontaneous formation of democratic dictatorship. It is worth stressing that the 1990 paper was published in the Journal of Statistical Physics, the first paper of its kind in this journal. It was shown how a minority in power can preserve its leadership using bottom-up democratic elections. However such a bias holds only down to some critical value of minimum support. The results were used latter to explain the sudden collapse of European communist parties in the nineties. The extension to three-party competition reveals the mechanisms by which a very small minority party can get a substantial representation at higher levels of the hierarchy when the other two competing parties are big. Additional surprising results are obtained, which enlighten the complexity of three-party democratic bottom-up voting. In particular, the unexpected outcomes of local voting alliances are singled out. Unbalanced democratic situations are exhibited with strong asymmetries between the actual bottom support of a party and its associated share of power at the top leadership. Subtle strategies are identified for a party to maximize its hold on the top leadership. The results are also valid to describe opinion dynamics with three competing opinions.

Ill-placed democracy: ethics consultations and the moral status of voting.

PubMed

Fiester, Autumn M

2011-01-01

As groups around the country begin to craft standards for clinical ethics consultations, one focus of that work is the proper procedure for conducting ethics consults. From a recent empirical look into the workings of ethics consult services (ECSs), one worrisome finding is that some ECSs rely on a committee vote when making a recommendation. This article examines the practice of voting and its moral standing as a procedural strategy for arriving at a clinical ethics recommendation. I focus here on the type of clinical ethics conflicts that are most likely to lead an ECS to vote, namely, conflicts involving ethical uncertainty--or, in the Greek, aporia. I argue that in cases of aporia, voting on an ethics conflict is not a morally justifiable procedure. Then on the same grounds that I use to show that voting is ethically problematic, I raise broader concerns about the common practice of making recommendations by other procedures. In contrast to the standard approach of adjudicating between moral claims, I argue that ECSs can best resolve aporetic conflict through the process of clinical ethics mediation.

16 CFR 801.13 - Aggregation of voting securities, assets and non-corporate interests.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... COVERAGE RULES § 801.13 Aggregation of voting securities, assets and non-corporate interests. (a) Voting... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Aggregation of voting securities, assets and non-corporate interests. 801.13 Section 801.13 Commercial Practices FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION RULES...

16 CFR 801.13 - Aggregation of voting securities, assets and non-corporate interests.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... COVERAGE RULES § 801.13 Aggregation of voting securities, assets and non-corporate interests. (a) Voting... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Aggregation of voting securities, assets and non-corporate interests. 801.13 Section 801.13 Commercial Practices FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION RULES...

16 CFR 801.13 - Aggregation of voting securities, assets and non-corporate interests.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... COVERAGE RULES § 801.13 Aggregation of voting securities, assets and non-corporate interests. (a) Voting... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Aggregation of voting securities, assets and non-corporate interests. 801.13 Section 801.13 Commercial Practices FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION RULES...

16 CFR 801.13 - Aggregation of voting securities, assets and non-corporate interests.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... COVERAGE RULES § 801.13 Aggregation of voting securities, assets and non-corporate interests. (a) Voting... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Aggregation of voting securities, assets and non-corporate interests. 801.13 Section 801.13 Commercial Practices FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION RULES...

16 CFR 801.13 - Aggregation of voting securities, assets and non-corporate interests.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... COVERAGE RULES § 801.13 Aggregation of voting securities, assets and non-corporate interests. (a) Voting... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Aggregation of voting securities, assets and non-corporate interests. 801.13 Section 801.13 Commercial Practices FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION RULES...

Rebuilding self-confidence after cancer: a feasibility study of life-coaching.

PubMed

Wagland, Richard; Fenlon, Deborah; Tarrant, Ruth; Howard-Jones, Gilly; Richardson, Alison

2015-03-01

Cancer survivors often experience decreased self-confidence which impacts negatively on their ability to self-manage the practical, social and emotional problems frequently faced as they emerge from end of treatment. This was a feasibility study of a life-coaching intervention, designed to rebuild confidence of survivors and support transition to life after cancer treatment. A one group pre-test, post-test design was used, recruiting participants from community organisations. Eligibility criteria are as follows: <1 year of completion of primary cancer treatment, aged >18, no metastases, and no mental health problems. Participants received one individualised face-to-face and five telephone coaching sessions over 3 months. Outcome measures are as follows: New General Self-Efficacy Scale, Hope Scale, Personal Well-being Index, Assessment of Survivorship Concerns, Quality of Life in Adult Cancer Survivors, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Social Difficulties Index, and a goal attainment score. Interviews explored feasibility, acceptability and impact of life-coaching and research design. Nine women and two men were recruited, representing varying cancer diagnoses. All outcome measures were sensitive to change and indicated positive trends post-intervention. Participant interviews indicated the intervention was well received and had a positive impact. Lessons were learnt about study design, recruitment and intervention delivery. Life-coaching has a potential to enable cancer survivors to manage the transition to life beyond cancer and effect change on a range of outcomes. The intervention was feasible to deliver and acceptable to survivors at a time when many struggle to make sense of life. It merits further evaluation through a randomised controlled trial.

The fluctuating female vote: politics, religion, and the ovulatory cycle.

PubMed

Durante, Kristina M; Rae, Ashley; Griskevicius, Vladas

2013-06-01

Each month, many women experience an ovulatory cycle that regulates fertility. Although research has found that this cycle influences women's mating preferences, we proposed that it might also change women's political and religious views. Building on theory suggesting that political and religious orientation are linked to reproductive goals, we tested how fertility influenced women's politics, religiosity, and voting in the 2012 U.S. presidential election. In two studies with large and diverse samples, ovulation had drastically different effects on single women and women in committed relationships. Ovulation led single women to become more liberal, less religious, and more likely to vote for Barack Obama. In contrast, ovulation led women in committed relationships to become more conservative, more religious, and more likely to vote for Mitt Romney. In addition, ovulation-induced changes in political orientation mediated women's voting behavior. Overall, the ovulatory cycle not only influences women's politics but also appears to do so differently for single women than for women in relationships.

7 CFR 1219.103 - Voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Voting. 1219.103 Section 1219.103 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS... referendum. However, each producer in a landlord-tenant relationship or a divided ownership arrangement...

7 CFR 1210.602 - Voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Voting. 1210.602 Section 1210.602 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS... each producer in a landlord-tenant relationship or a divided ownership arrangement involving totally...

7 CFR 1218.102 - Voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Voting. 1218.102 Section 1218.102 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS... relationship or a divided ownership arrangement involving totally independent entities cooperating only to...

7 CFR 1209.302 - Voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Voting. 1209.302 Section 1209.302 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS... relationship or a divided ownership arrangement involving totally independent entities cooperating only to...

A triangle voting algorithm based on double feature constraints for star sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fan, Qiaoyun; Zhong, Xuyang

2018-02-01

A novel autonomous star identification algorithm is presented in this study. In the proposed algorithm, each sensor star constructs multi-triangle with its bright neighbor stars and obtains its candidates by triangle voting process, in which the triangle is considered as the basic voting element. In order to accelerate the speed of this algorithm and reduce the required memory for star database, feature extraction is carried out to reduce the dimension of triangles and each triangle is described by its base and height. During the identification period, the voting scheme based on double feature constraints is proposed to implement triangle voting. This scheme guarantees that only the catalog star satisfying two features can vote for the sensor star, which improves the robustness towards false stars. The simulation and real star image test demonstrate that compared with the other two algorithms, the proposed algorithm is more robust towards position noise, magnitude noise and false stars.

SWT voting-based color reduction for text detection in natural scene images

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ikica, Andrej; Peer, Peter

2013-12-01

In this article, we propose a novel stroke width transform (SWT) voting-based color reduction method for detecting text in natural scene images. Unlike other text detection approaches that mostly rely on either text structure or color, the proposed method combines both by supervising text-oriented color reduction process with additional SWT information. SWT pixels mapped to color space vote in favor of the color they correspond to. Colors receiving high SWT vote most likely belong to text areas and are blocked from being mean-shifted away. Literature does not explicitly address SWT search direction issue; thus, we propose an adaptive sub-block method for determining correct SWT direction. Both SWT voting-based color reduction and SWT direction determination methods are evaluated on binary (text/non-text) images obtained from a challenging Computer Vision Lab optical character recognition database. SWT voting-based color reduction method outperforms the state-of-the-art text-oriented color reduction approach.

2008 Post-Election Voting Survey of Federal Civilians Overseas: Statistical Methodology Report

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-08-01

Westat, Inc. developed weights for this survey. Westat performed data collection and editing. DMDC’s Survey Technology Branch, under the guidance...Summary The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act of 1986 (UOCAVA), 42 USC 1973ff, permits members of the Uniformed Services and...assess the impact of the FVAP’s efforts to simplify and ease the process of voting absentee , (3) to evaluate other progress made to facilitate voting

Analysis of Spatial Voting Patterns: An Approach in Political Socialization

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klimasewski, Ted

1973-01-01

Passage of the 26th Amendment gave young adults the right to vote. This study attempts to further student understanding of the electoral process by presenting a method for analyzing spatial voting patterns. The spatial emphasis adds another dimension to the temporal and behavioral-structural approaches in studying the American electoral system.…

78 FR 78345 - Proposed Information Collection-2014 Election Administration and Voting Survey; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-26

... Voting Survey; Comment Request AGENCY: U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC). ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY... Survey) to the Director of the Office of Management and Budget for approval. The 2014 Election Administration and Voting Survey (Survey) asks election officials questions concerning voting and election...

Retrospective voting and party support at elections: credit and blame for government and opposition

PubMed Central

Plescia, Carolina; Kritzinger, Sylvia

2017-01-01

ABSTRACT Retrospective voting is arguably one of the most important mechanisms of representative democracy, and whether or not the public holds the government accountable for its policy performance has been extensively studied. In this paper, we test whether retrospective voting extends to parties in the opposition, that is whether and how parties’ past performance evaluations affect their vote, regardless of whether they were in government or in opposition. Taking advantage of a rich set of questions embedded in a representative German national elections panel, we update our knowledge on the retrospective voting mechanism by modeling retrospective voting at the party level. The findings indicate that the incumbent status is not the only criterion for retrospective voting, ultimately suggesting that both government and opposition parties can expect credit and blame for their conduct and this should provide some impetus for responsive performance of all parties. PMID:28515772

Personality Antecedents of the Vote.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Campbell, Bruce A.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between psychological traits and voting behavior. Investigated is the thesis that psychological traits are useful concepts for political scientists as predictors of consistency in behavior. Contending that previous trait theory research has been generally unimpressive, the author…

7 CFR 1205.204 - Voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS... through the Internet during the voting period. A completed and signed CN-100 and supporting documentation.... Forms obtained via the Internet will be located at http://www.ams.usda.gov/Cotton. Upon request by...

7 CFR 1216.102 - Voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Voting. 1216.102 Section 1216.102 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS... cast only one ballot in the referendum. However, each producer in a landlord-tenant relationship or a...

7 CFR 900.402 - Voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... Conduct of Referenda in Connection With Marketing Orders for Fruits, Vegetables, and Nuts Pursuant to the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, as Amended § 900.402 Voting. (a) Each person who is a producer...

The 2012 Retirement Confidence Survey: job insecurity, debt weigh on retirement confidence, savings.

PubMed

Helman, Ruth; Copeland, Craig; VanDerhei, Jack

2012-03-01

Americans' confidence in their ability to retire comfortably is stagnant at historically low levels. Just 14 percent are very confident they will have enough money to live comfortably in retirement (statistically equivalent to the low of 13 percent measured in 2011 and 2009). Employment insecurity looms large: Forty-two percent identify job uncertainty as the most pressing financial issue facing most Americans today. Worker confidence about having enough money to pay for medical expenses and long-term care expenses in retirement remains well below their confidence levels for paying basic expenses. Many workers report they have virtually no savings and investments. In total, 60 percent of workers report that the total value of their household's savings and investments, excluding the value of their primary home and any defined benefit plans, is less than $25,000. Twenty-five percent of workers in the 2012 Retirement Confidence Survey say the age at which they expect to retire has changed in the past year. In 1991, 11 percent of workers said they expected to retire after age 65, and by 2012 that has grown to 37 percent. Regardless of those retirement age expectations, and consistent with prior RCS findings, half of current retirees surveyed say they left the work force unexpectedly due to health problems, disability, or changes at their employer, such as downsizing or closure. Those already in retirement tend to express higher levels of confidence than current workers about several key financial aspects of retirement. Retirees report they are significantly more reliant on Social Security as a major source of their retirement income than current workers expect to be. Although 56 percent of workers expect to receive benefits from a defined benefit plan in retirement, only 33 percent report that they and/or their spouse currently have such a benefit with a current or previous employer. More than half of workers (56 percent) report they and/or their spouse have not tried

1. EXTERIOR SOUTHWEST CORNER VIEW, FACING NORTHEAST. BUILDING NO. 42 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

1. EXTERIOR SOUTHWEST CORNER VIEW, FACING NORTHEAST. BUILDING NO. 42 GARAGE & TRANSPORTATION MAINTENANCE FACILITY - NASA Industrial Plant, Garage & Transportation Maintenance Facility, 12214 Lakewood Boulevard, Downey, Los Angeles County, CA

2. EXTERIOR SOUTHEAST CORNER VIEW, FACING NORTHWEST. BUILDING NO 42 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

2. EXTERIOR SOUTHEAST CORNER VIEW, FACING NORTHWEST. BUILDING NO 42 GARAGE & TRANSPORTATION MAINTENANCE FACILITY - NASA Industrial Plant, Garage & Transportation Maintenance Facility, 12214 Lakewood Boulevard, Downey, Los Angeles County, CA

4. EXTERIOR NORTHWEST CORNER VIEW, FACING SOUTHEAST. BUILDING NO 42 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

4. EXTERIOR NORTHWEST CORNER VIEW, FACING SOUTHEAST. BUILDING NO 42 GARAGE & TRANSPORTATION MAINTENANCE FACILITY - NASA Industrial Plant, Garage & Transportation Maintenance Facility, 12214 Lakewood Boulevard, Downey, Los Angeles County, CA

3. EXTERIOR NORTHEAST CORNER VIEW, FACING SOUTHWEST. BUILDING NO 42 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

3. EXTERIOR NORTHEAST CORNER VIEW, FACING SOUTHWEST. BUILDING NO 42 GARAGE & TRANSPORTATION MAINTENANCE FACILITY - NASA Industrial Plant, Garage & Transportation Maintenance Facility, 12214 Lakewood Boulevard, Downey, Los Angeles County, CA

Social voting advice applications-definitions, challenges, datasets and evaluation.

PubMed

Katakis, Ioannis; Tsapatsoulis, Nicolas; Mendez, Fernando; Triga, Vasiliki; Djouvas, Constantinos

2014-07-01

Voting advice applications (VAAs) are online tools that have become increasingly popular and purportedly aid users in deciding which party/candidate to vote for during an election. In this paper we present an innovation to current VAA design which is based on the introduction of a social network element. We refer to this new type of online tool as a social voting advice application (SVAA). SVAAs extend VAAs by providing (a) community-based recommendations, (b) comparison of users' political opinions, and (c) a channel of user communication. In addition, SVAAs enriched with data mining modules, can operate as citizen sensors recording the sentiment of the electorate on issues and candidates. Drawing on VAA datasets generated by the Preference Matcher research consortium, we evaluate the results of the first VAA-Choose4Greece-which incorporated social voting features and was launched during the landmark Greek national elections of 2012. We demonstrate how an SVAA can provide community based features and, at the same time, serve as a citizen sensor. Evaluation of the proposed techniques is realized on a series of datasets collected from various VAAs, including Choose4Greece. The collection is made available online in order to promote research in the field.

System-level protection and hardware Trojan detection using weighted voting.

PubMed

Amin, Hany A M; Alkabani, Yousra; Selim, Gamal M I

2014-07-01

The problem of hardware Trojans is becoming more serious especially with the widespread of fabless design houses and design reuse. Hardware Trojans can be embedded on chip during manufacturing or in third party intellectual property cores (IPs) during the design process. Recent research is performed to detect Trojans embedded at manufacturing time by comparing the suspected chip with a golden chip that is fully trusted. However, Trojan detection in third party IP cores is more challenging than other logic modules especially that there is no golden chip. This paper proposes a new methodology to detect/prevent hardware Trojans in third party IP cores. The method works by gradually building trust in suspected IP cores by comparing the outputs of different untrusted implementations of the same IP core. Simulation results show that our method achieves higher probability of Trojan detection over a naive implementation of simple voting on the output of different IP cores. In addition, experimental results show that the proposed method requires less hardware overhead when compared with a simple voting technique achieving the same degree of security.

6. INTERIOR MAIN SPACE DETAIL VIEW, FACING EAST. BUILDING NO ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

6. INTERIOR MAIN SPACE DETAIL VIEW, FACING EAST. BUILDING NO 42 GARAGE & TRANSPORTATION MAINTENANCE FACILITY - NASA Industrial Plant, Garage & Transportation Maintenance Facility, 12214 Lakewood Boulevard, Downey, Los Angeles County, CA

5. INTERIOR MAIN SPACE DETAIL VIEW, FACING WEST. BUILDING NO ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

5. INTERIOR MAIN SPACE DETAIL VIEW, FACING WEST. BUILDING NO 42 GARAGE & TRANSPORTATION MAINTENANCE FACILITY - NASA Industrial Plant, Garage & Transportation Maintenance Facility, 12214 Lakewood Boulevard, Downey, Los Angeles County, CA

Addressing Common Student Errors with Classroom Voting in Multivariable Calculus

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cline, Kelly; Parker, Mark; Zullo, Holly; Stewart, Ann

2012-01-01

One technique for identifying and addressing common student errors is the method of classroom voting, in which the instructor presents a multiple-choice question to the class, and after a few minutes for consideration and small group discussion, each student votes on the correct answer, often using a hand-held electronic clicker. If a large number…

Masked Ballot Voting for Receipt-Free Online Elections

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wen, Roland; Buckland, Richard

To prevent bribery and coercion attacks on voters, current online election schemes rely on strong physical assumptions during the election. We introduce Masked Ballot, an online voting scheme that mitigates these attacks while using a more practical assumption: untappable channels are available but only before the election. During the election voters cast ballots over completely public channels without relying on untappable channels, anonymous channels or trusted devices. Masked Ballot performs only the voting part of an election and is designed to integrate with counting schemes that compute the final election result.

A comparison of the effectiveness of a game informed online learning activity and face to face teaching in increasing knowledge about managing aggression in health settings.

PubMed

McKenzie, Karen

2013-12-01

The present study compared the impact of face to face teaching with a short online game informed learning activity on health participants' knowledge about, and confidence in, managing aggressive situations. Both forms of teaching resulted in a significant increase in participants' knowledge and confidence. Face to face training led to significantly greater increases in knowledge but was equivalent in terms of confidence. Both forms of teaching were rated positively, but face to face teaching received significantly higher ratings than the online activity. The study suggests that short online game informed learning activities may offer an effective alternative for health professional training where face to face training is not possible. Further research is needed on the longer term impact of both types of training on practice.

Eyewitness confidence in simultaneous and sequential lineups: a criterion shift account for sequential mistaken identification overconfidence.

PubMed

Dobolyi, David G; Dodson, Chad S

2013-12-01

Confidence judgments for eyewitness identifications play an integral role in determining guilt during legal proceedings. Past research has shown that confidence in positive identifications is strongly associated with accuracy. Using a standard lineup recognition paradigm, we investigated accuracy using signal detection and ROC analyses, along with the tendency to choose a face with both simultaneous and sequential lineups. We replicated past findings of reduced rates of choosing with sequential as compared to simultaneous lineups, but notably found an accuracy advantage in favor of simultaneous lineups. Moreover, our analysis of the confidence-accuracy relationship revealed two key findings. First, we observed a sequential mistaken identification overconfidence effect: despite an overall reduction in false alarms, confidence for false alarms that did occur was higher with sequential lineups than with simultaneous lineups, with no differences in confidence for correct identifications. This sequential mistaken identification overconfidence effect is an expected byproduct of the use of a more conservative identification criterion with sequential than with simultaneous lineups. Second, we found a steady drop in confidence for mistaken identifications (i.e., foil identifications and false alarms) from the first to the last face in sequential lineups, whereas confidence in and accuracy of correct identifications remained relatively stable. Overall, we observed that sequential lineups are both less accurate and produce higher confidence false identifications than do simultaneous lineups. Given the increasing prominence of sequential lineups in our legal system, our data argue for increased scrutiny and possibly a wholesale reevaluation of this lineup format. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved.

75 FR 32920 - Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-10

...)(11)(A) and 255(b) of the Help America Vote Act (HAVA), Public Law 107-252, the U.S. Election... improving the voting process in America. Dated: May 26, 2010. Thomas R. Wilkey, Executive Director, U.S... ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act...

28 CFR 16.201 - Voting by the Commissioners without joint deliberation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Voting by the Commissioners without joint deliberation. 16.201 Section 16.201 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE PRODUCTION OR DISCLOSURE OF MATERIAL OR INFORMATION Public Observation of Parole Commission Meetings § 16.201 Voting by the...

The Subread aligner: fast, accurate and scalable read mapping by seed-and-vote

PubMed Central

Liao, Yang; Smyth, Gordon K.; Shi, Wei

2013-01-01

Read alignment is an ongoing challenge for the analysis of data from sequencing technologies. This article proposes an elegantly simple multi-seed strategy, called seed-and-vote, for mapping reads to a reference genome. The new strategy chooses the mapped genomic location for the read directly from the seeds. It uses a relatively large number of short seeds (called subreads) extracted from each read and allows all the seeds to vote on the optimal location. When the read length is <160 bp, overlapping subreads are used. More conventional alignment algorithms are then used to fill in detailed mismatch and indel information between the subreads that make up the winning voting block. The strategy is fast because the overall genomic location has already been chosen before the detailed alignment is done. It is sensitive because no individual subread is required to map exactly, nor are individual subreads constrained to map close by other subreads. It is accurate because the final location must be supported by several different subreads. The strategy extends easily to find exon junctions, by locating reads that contain sets of subreads mapping to different exons of the same gene. It scales up efficiently for longer reads. PMID:23558742

Elections: DOD Needs More Comprehensive Planning to Address Military and Overseas Absentee Voting Challenges

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-04-01

Acknowledgments Contact Acknowledgments Related GAO Products Page 75 GAO-16-378 DOD Overseas Absentee Voting U.S. Postal Service: Actions... Products Page 76 GAO-16-378 DOD Overseas Absentee Voting Election Reform: Nine States’ Experiences Implementing Federal Requirements for...ELECTIONS DOD Needs More Comprehensive Planning to Address Military and Overseas Absentee Voting Challenges

A Comparison of the Effectiveness of a Game Informed Online Learning Activity and Face to Face Teaching in Increasing Knowledge about Managing Aggression in Health Settings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McKenzie, Karen

2013-01-01

The present study compared the impact of face to face teaching with a short online game informed learning activity on health participants' knowledge about, and confidence in, managing aggressive situations. Both forms of teaching resulted in a significant increase in participants' knowledge and confidence. Face to face training led to…

Explaining energy votes in the Ninety-Fourth Congress

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lopreato, S.C.; Smoller, F.

1978-06-01

Currently the United States is undergoing an energy crisis which many observers feel signals the eclispse of this nation's ability to meet its exponentially increasing demand for energy. The absence of an explicit, comprehensive plan to deal with this problem has caused many Americans concern and has stimulated the curiosity of various students of Congress. Emotions are heightened when an administration's comparatively mild energy plan is introduced in the Congress only to emergy almost a year later a skeleton of its original self, devoid of its most potential features. This study investigates why members of Congress vote the way theymore » do on energy legislation. The roll-call votes in the House of Representatives from the Ninety-fourth Congress are examined. Five factors are described namely: regionalism, state interests, the nature of individual constituencies, party, and ideology; influence voting in the House from these the variables tested in this analysis are drawn. The research design used is then detailed and, finally, results are presented and discussed.« less

Walking the walk? Experiments on the effect of pledging to vote on youth turnout

PubMed Central

Prevost, Alicia

2018-01-01

Psychological theories of political behavior suggest that commitments to perform a certain action can significantly increase the likelihood of such action, but this has rarely been tested in an experimental context. Does pledging to vote increase turnout? In cooperation with the Environmental Defense Fund during the 2016 election, we conduct the first randomized controlled trials testing whether young people who pledge to vote are more likely to turn out than those who are contacted using standard Get-Out-the-Vote materials. Overall, pledging to vote increased voter turnout by 3.7 points among all subjects and 5.6 points for people who had never voted before. These findings lend support for theories of commitment and have practical implications for mobilization efforts aimed at expanding the electorate. PMID:29813075

DETAIL VIEW OF VIDEO MONITORS, FIRING ROOM NO. 2, FACING ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

DETAIL VIEW OF VIDEO MONITORS, FIRING ROOM NO. 2, FACING SOUTHWEST - Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Launch Complex 39, Launch Control Center, LCC Road, East of Kennedy Parkway North, Cape Canaveral, Brevard County, FL

DETAIL VIEW OF VIDEO MONITORS, FIRING ROOM NO. 3, FACING ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

DETAIL VIEW OF VIDEO MONITORS, FIRING ROOM NO. 3, FACING SOUTH - Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Launch Complex 39, Launch Control Center, LCC Road, East of Kennedy Parkway North, Cape Canaveral, Brevard County, FL

The Extension of the Voting Rights Act: The Case of Arizona.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garcia, John A.

Although Arizona's Chicano population has increased since 1960, their generally lower socioeconomic status has had a direct impact on their voting participation. Such problems as language, altered polling places and precinct boundaries, absence of bilingual staff, and literacy tests have also contributed to the voting difficulties encountered by…

Attentional bias for emotional faces in paediatric anxiety disorders: an investigation using the emotional Go/No Go task.

PubMed

Waters, Allison M; Valvoi, Jaya S

2009-06-01

The present study examined contextual modulation of attentional control processes in paediatric anxiety disorders. Anxious children (N=20) and non-anxious controls (N=20) completed an emotional Go/No Go task in which they responded on some trials (i.e., Go trials) when neutral faces were presented amongst either angry or happy faces to which children avoided responding (i.e., No Go trials) or when angry and happy faces were presented as Go trials and children avoided responding to neutral faces. Anxious girls were slower responding to neutral faces with embedded angry compared with happy face No Go trials whereas non-anxious girls were slower responding to neutral faces with embedded happy versus angry face No Go trials. Anxious and non-anxious boys showed the same basic pattern as non-anxious girls. There were no significant group differences on No Go trials or when the emotional faces were presented as Go trials. Results are discussed in terms of selective interference by angry faces in the control of attention in anxious girls.

New graduate nurses' experiences about lack of professional confidence.

PubMed

Ortiz, Jennifer

2016-07-01

Professional confidence is an essential trait for new graduate nurses to possess in order to provide quality patient care in today's complex hospital setting. However, many new graduates are entering the workforce without it and this remains to be explored. This study describes how new graduate nurses accounted for their lack of professional confidence upon entry into professional practice and how it developed during their first year of practice in the hospital setting. Two face-to-face, individual interviews of 12 participants were utilized to capture the lived experiences of new graduate nurses to gain an understanding of this phenomenon. After manual content analysis seven themes emerged: communication is huge, making mistakes, disconnect between school and practice, independence, relationship building, positive feedback is important, and gaining experience. The findings indicate that the development of professional confidence is a dynamic process that occurs throughout the first year of practice. New graduate nurses must experience both positive and negative circumstances in order to move toward the attainment of professional confidence. Knowing this, nurse educators in academia as well as in the hospital setting may better support the development of professional confidence both before and during the first year of practice. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Brain indices of disagreement with one’s social values predict EU referendum voting behavior

PubMed Central

Sirota, Miroslav; Materassi, Maurizio; Zaninotto, Francesca; Terry, Philip

2017-01-01

Abstract Pre-electoral surveys typically attempt, and sometimes fail, to predict voting behavior on the basis of explicit measures of agreement or disagreement with a candidate or political position. Here, we assessed whether a specific brain signature of disagreement with one’s social values, the event-related potential component N400, could be predictive of voting behavior. We examined this possibility in the context of the EU referendum in the UK. In the 5 weeks preceding the referendum, we recorded the N400 while participants with different vote intentions expressed their agreement or disagreement with pro- and against-EU statements. We showed that the N400 responded to statements incongruent with one’s view regarding the EU. Crucially, this effect predicted actual voting behavior in decided as well as undecided voters. The N400 was a better predictor of voting choice than an explicit index of preference based on the behavioral responses. Our findings demonstrate that well-defined patterns of brain activity can forecast future voting behavior. PMID:28981799

View of Building No. 405 from Staff Circle, facing north ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

View of Building No. 405 from Staff Circle, facing north - MacDill Air Force Base, Bounded by City of Tampa North, Tampa Bay South, Old Tampa Bay West, & Hillsborough Bay East, Tampa, Hillsborough County, FL

County community health associations of net voting shift in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.

PubMed

Wasfy, Jason H; Stewart, Charles; Bhambhani, Vijeta

2017-01-01

In the U.S. presidential election of 2016, substantial shift in voting patterns occurred relative to previous elections. Although this shift has been associated with both education and race, the extent to which this shift was related to public health status is unclear. To determine the extent to which county community health was associated with changes in voting between the presidential elections of 2016 and 2012. Ecological study with principal component analysis (PCA) using principal axis method to extract the components, then generalized linear regression. General community. All counties in the United States. Physically unhealthy days, mentally unhealthy days, percent food insecure, teen birth rate, primary care physician visit rate, age-adjusted mortality rate, violent crime rate, average health care costs, percent diabetic, and percent overweight or obese. The percentage of Donald Trump votes in 2016 minus percentage of Mitt Romney votes in 2012 ("net voting shift"). Complete public health data was available for 3,009 counties which were included in the analysis. The mean net voting shift was 5.4% (+/- 5.8%). Of these 3,009 counties, 2,641 (87.8%) had positive net voting shift (shifted towards Trump) and 368 counties (12.2%) had negative net voting shift (shifted away from Trump). The first principal component ("unhealthy score") accounted for 68% of the total variance in the data. The unhealthy score included all health variables except primary care physician rate, violent crime rate, and health care costs. The mean unhealthy score for counties was 0.39 (SD 0.16). Higher normalized unhealthy score was associated with positive net voting shift (22.1% shift per unit unhealthy, p < 0.0001). This association was stronger in states that switched Electoral College votes from 2012 to 2016 than in other states (5.9% per unit unhealthy, p <0.0001). Substantial association exists between a shift toward voting for Donald Trump in 2016 relative to Mitt Romney in 2012 and

Cortisol and politics: variance in voting behavior is predicted by baseline cortisol levels.

PubMed

French, Jeffrey A; Smith, Kevin B; Alford, John R; Guck, Adam; Birnie, Andrew K; Hibbing, John R

2014-06-22

Participation in electoral politics is affected by a host of social and demographics variables, but there is growing evidence that biological predispositions may also play a role in behavior related to political involvement. We examined the role of individual variation in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) stress axis parameters in explaining differences in self-reported and actual participation in political activities. Self-reported political activity, religious participation, and verified voting activity in U.S. national elections were collected from 105 participants, who were subsequently exposed to a standardized (nonpolitical) psychosocial stressor. We demonstrated that lower baseline salivary cortisol in the late afternoon was significantly associated with increased actual voting frequency in six national elections, but not with self-reported non-voting political activity. Baseline cortisol predicted significant variation in voting behavior above and beyond variation accounted for by traditional demographic variables (particularly age of participant in our sample). Participation in religious activity was weakly (and negatively) associated with baseline cortisol. Our results suggest that HPA-mediated characteristics of social, cognitive, and emotional processes may exert an influence on a trait as complex as voting behavior, and that cortisol is a better predictor of actual voting behavior, as opposed to self-reported political activity. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Cortisol and Politics: Variance in Voting Behavior is Predicted by Baseline Cortisol Levels

PubMed Central

French, Jeffrey A.; Smith, Kevin B.; Alford, John R.; Guck, Adam; Birnie, Andrew K.; Hibbing, John R.

2014-01-01

Participation in electoral politics is affected by a host of social and demographics variables, but there is growing evidence that biological predispositions may also play a role in behavior related to political involvement. We examined the role of individual variation in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) stress axis parameters in explaining differences in self-reported and actual participation in political activities. Self-reported political activity, religious participation, and verified voting activity in U.S. national elections were collected from 105 participants, who were subsequently exposed to a standardized (nonpolitical) psychosocial stressor. We demonstrated that lower baseline salivary cortisol in the late afternoon was significantly associated with increased actual voting frequency in six national elections, but not with self-reported non-voting political activity. Baseline cortisol predicted significant variation in voting behavior above and beyond variation accounted for by traditional demographic variables (particularly age of participant in our sample). Participation in religious activity was weakly (and negatively) associated with baseline cortisol. Our results suggest that HPA-mediated characteristics of social, cognitive, and emotional processes may exert an influence on a trait as complex as voting behavior, and that cortisol is a better predictor of actual voting behavior, as opposed to self-reported political activity. PMID:24835544

Clickers and Classroom Voting in a Transition to Advanced Mathematics Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lockard, Shannon R.; Metcalf, Rebecca C.

2015-01-01

Clickers and classroom voting are used across a number of disciplines in a variety of institutions. There are several papers that describe the use of clickers in mathematics classrooms such as precalculus, calculus, statistics, and even differential equations. This paper describes a method of incorporating clickers and classroom voting in a…

12 CFR 708a.7 - Certification of vote on conversion proposal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Certification of vote on conversion proposal... CREDIT UNIONS BANK CONVERSIONS AND MERGERS Conversion of Insured Credit Unions to Mutual Savings Banks § 708a.7 Certification of vote on conversion proposal. (a) The board of directors of the converting...

When endocrinology and democracy collide: emotions, cortisol and voting at national elections.

PubMed

Waismel-Manor, Israel; Ifergane, Gal; Cohen, Hagit

2011-11-01

Faced with stressful experiences, such as uncertainty or novelty, the adrenal glands secrete glucocorticoid hormones to help us cope with stress. Since many decision-making situations are stressful, there is reason to believe that voting is a stressful event. In this study, we asked voters in Israel's national election (N=113) to report on their general affective state immediately before entering the polling place using the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and to provide us with a saliva sample through which we could evaluate their cortisol levels. Compared to a second sample of voters who reported their affective state on election night (N=70), we found that voters at the ballot box had higher positive and negative affect. Moreover, our voters at the polling place exhibited cortisol levels that were significantly higher than their own normal levels obtained on a similar day, and significantly higher than those of a second control group sampled the day after the elections (N=6). Our data demonstrate that elections are exciting, yet stressful events, and it is this stress, among other factors, that elevates the cortisol levels of voters. Since elevated cortisol has been found to affect memory consolidation, impair memory retrieval and lead to risk-seeking behavior, we discuss how these outcomes of elevated cortisol levels may affect voting in general and the field of electoral studies in particular. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP. All rights reserved.

Majority-voted logic fail-sense circuit

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mclyman, W. T.

1977-01-01

Fail-sense circuit has majority-voted logic component which receives three error voltage signals that are sensed at single point by three error amplifiers. If transistor shorts, only one signal is required to operate; if transistor opens, two signals are required.

Voting rights for psychiatric patients: compromise of the integrity of elections, or empowerment and integration into the community?

PubMed

Doron, Adiel; Kurs, Rena; Stolovy, Tali; Secker-Einbinder, Aya; Raba, Alla

2014-01-01

Participation of the mentally-ill in elections promotes integration into the community. In many countries, individuals with compromised mental incompetence who have legal guardians are denied the right to vote. In Israel, mental health consumers are eligible to vote. We evaluated the capacity of psychiatric inpatients with and without legal guardians to understand the nature and effect of voting. Fifty-six inpatients with/without legal guardians were recruited to the study. Participants completed the Competency AssessmentTool for Voting (CAT-V), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and the Mini-Mental State Exam. Cluster analysis determined voting capacity using CAT-V as a continuous variable. Subjects who scored >1.6 on the CAT-V (59%) had high capacity to vote. Subjects without guardians revealed significantly higher capacity to vote. Voting capacity positively correlated with cognitive state and negatively correlated with severity of illness. Among patients with legal guardians those who scored >1.6 on the CAT-V maintained the capacity to vote. The right to vote is an important basic right for individuals coping with mental disorders.However, it is important to evaluate the capacity to understand the voting process among individuals with mental disorders who have legal guardians. Thus, the integrity of the elections would be preserved by eliminating the risk of undue influence or manipulation of individuals who lack the capacity to understand the nature and meaning of voting, while preserving the right to vote for those with the capacity to do so, whether or not they have guardians.

12 CFR 708b.107 - Certificate of vote on merger proposal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Certificate of vote on merger proposal. 708b... CREDIT UNIONS MERGERS OF FEDERALLY-INSURED CREDIT UNIONS; VOLUNTARY TERMINATION OR CONVERSION OF INSURED STATUS Mergers § 708b.107 Certificate of vote on merger proposal. The board of directors of the merging...

12 CFR 708a.7 - Certification of vote on conversion proposal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Certification of vote on conversion proposal... CREDIT UNIONS CONVERSION OF INSURED CREDIT UNIONS TO MUTUAL SAVINGS BANKS § 708a.7 Certification of vote on conversion proposal. (a) The board of directors of the converting credit union must certify the...

76 FR 1559 - Guidelines for the Use of Electronic Voting Systems in Union Officer Elections

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-11

... voting. Id. However, there are still concerns regarding on-line computer security, viruses and attacks... casting votes at polling sites; electronic voting from remote site personal computers via the Internet..., Washington, DC 20210. Because of security precautions, the Department continues to experience delays in U.S...

Does Economic Education Make a Difference in Congress? How Economics Majors Vote on Trade

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Roark, J. Brian

2012-01-01

The author of this article expands the background theory of voting to incorporate the undergraduate majors of members of Congress. Examining nine votes on trade across the 109th and 110th Congresses reveals that economics majors are the only category of college major to vote in favor of free trade in a predictable way. Controls for a variety of…

The Association between Students' Use of an Electronic Voting System and their Learning Outcomes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kennedy, G. E.; Cutts, Q. I.

2005-01-01

This paper reports on the use of an electronic voting system (EVS) in a first-year computing science subject. Previous investigations suggest that students' use of an EVS would be positively associated with their learning outcomes. However, no research has established this relationship empirically. This study sought to establish whether there was…

7 CFR 993.33 - Voting procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Voting procedure. 993.33 Section 993.33 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DRIED PRUNES PRODUCED IN CALIFORNIA...

7 CFR 993.33 - Voting procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Voting procedure. 993.33 Section 993.33 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DRIED PRUNES PRODUCED IN CALIFORNIA...

7 CFR 993.33 - Voting procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Voting procedure. 993.33 Section 993.33 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DRIED PRUNES PRODUCED IN CALIFORNIA...

7 CFR 993.33 - Voting procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Voting procedure. 993.33 Section 993.33 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DRIED PRUNES PRODUCED IN CALIFORNIA...

7 CFR 993.33 - Voting procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Voting procedure. 993.33 Section 993.33 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DRIED PRUNES PRODUCED IN CALIFORNIA...

The Federal Voting Assistance Program: Refocusing and Reorganizing for the Road Ahead

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-16

Assistance Program (FVAP) admin-isters the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA)1 and helps uniformed-service members and other U.S...more effectively within the system. FVAP Assistance Options for Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act Voters Assistance seeker

Iterative tensor voting for perceptual grouping of ill-defined curvilinear structures.

PubMed

Loss, Leandro A; Bebis, George; Parvin, Bahram

2011-08-01

In this paper, a novel approach is proposed for perceptual grouping and localization of ill-defined curvilinear structures. Our approach builds upon the tensor voting and the iterative voting frameworks. Its efficacy lies on iterative refinements of curvilinear structures by gradually shifting from an exploratory to an exploitative mode. Such a mode shifting is achieved by reducing the aperture of the tensor voting fields, which is shown to improve curve grouping and inference by enhancing the concentration of the votes over promising, salient structures. The proposed technique is validated on delineating adherens junctions that are imaged through fluorescence microscopy. However, the method is also applicable for screening other organisms based on characteristics of their cell wall structures. Adherens junctions maintain tissue structural integrity and cell-cell interactions. Visually, they exhibit fibrous patterns that may be diffused, heterogeneous in fluorescence intensity, or punctate and frequently perceptual. Besides the application to real data, the proposed method is compared to prior methods on synthetic and annotated real data, showing high precision rates.

49 CFR 1013.1 - The independence of the trustee of a voting trust.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... corporate securities constitute the corpus of the trust. (e) The trustee should be entitled to receive cash... of voting securities is purchased. (b) In voting the trusteed stock, the trustee should maintain...

49 CFR 1013.1 - The independence of the trustee of a voting trust.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... corporate securities constitute the corpus of the trust. (e) The trustee should be entitled to receive cash... of voting securities is purchased. (b) In voting the trusteed stock, the trustee should maintain...

49 CFR 1013.1 - The independence of the trustee of a voting trust.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... corporate securities constitute the corpus of the trust. (e) The trustee should be entitled to receive cash... of voting securities is purchased. (b) In voting the trusteed stock, the trustee should maintain...

49 CFR 1013.1 - The independence of the trustee of a voting trust.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... corporate securities constitute the corpus of the trust. (e) The trustee should be entitled to receive cash... of voting securities is purchased. (b) In voting the trusteed stock, the trustee should maintain...

49 CFR 1013.1 - The independence of the trustee of a voting trust.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... corporate securities constitute the corpus of the trust. (e) The trustee should be entitled to receive cash... of voting securities is purchased. (b) In voting the trusteed stock, the trustee should maintain...

60. PANORAMIC VIEW OF DOWNSTREAM FACE. No date, but believed ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

60. PANORAMIC VIEW OF DOWNSTREAM FACE. No date, but believed to be just subsequent to construction. Photograph by C.G. Duffey, Long Beach, California. (38' x 11' framed print). - Little Rock Creek Dam, Little Rock Creek, Littlerock, Los Angeles County, CA

County community health associations of net voting shift in the 2016 U.S. presidential election

PubMed Central

Stewart, Charles; Bhambhani, Vijeta

2017-01-01

Importance In the U.S. presidential election of 2016, substantial shift in voting patterns occurred relative to previous elections. Although this shift has been associated with both education and race, the extent to which this shift was related to public health status is unclear. Objective To determine the extent to which county community health was associated with changes in voting between the presidential elections of 2016 and 2012. Design Ecological study with principal component analysis (PCA) using principal axis method to extract the components, then generalized linear regression. Setting General community. Participants All counties in the United States. Exposures Physically unhealthy days, mentally unhealthy days, percent food insecure, teen birth rate, primary care physician visit rate, age-adjusted mortality rate, violent crime rate, average health care costs, percent diabetic, and percent overweight or obese. Main outcome The percentage of Donald Trump votes in 2016 minus percentage of Mitt Romney votes in 2012 (“net voting shift”). Results Complete public health data was available for 3,009 counties which were included in the analysis. The mean net voting shift was 5.4% (+/- 5.8%). Of these 3,009 counties, 2,641 (87.8%) had positive net voting shift (shifted towards Trump) and 368 counties (12.2%) had negative net voting shift (shifted away from Trump). The first principal component (“unhealthy score”) accounted for 68% of the total variance in the data. The unhealthy score included all health variables except primary care physician rate, violent crime rate, and health care costs. The mean unhealthy score for counties was 0.39 (SD 0.16). Higher normalized unhealthy score was associated with positive net voting shift (22.1% shift per unit unhealthy, p < 0.0001). This association was stronger in states that switched Electoral College votes from 2012 to 2016 than in other states (5.9% per unit unhealthy, p <0.0001). Conclusions and relevance

31 CFR 800.228 - Voting interest.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Voting interest. 800.228 Section 800.228 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF INVESTMENT SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY REGULATIONS PERTAINING TO MERGERS, ACQUISITIONS, AND...

Why Young People Don't Vote.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gans, Curtis; And Others

1988-01-01

Discusses several reasons for decreasing voter participation in the United States, specifically focusing on lack of voter participation by youth. Highlights recommendations for increasing young voter turnout. Presents three voting activity lesson plans for middle school students and three activities entitled "Increasing Participation in…

A New Proxy Electronic Voting Scheme Achieved by Six-Particle Entangled States

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cao, Hai-Jing; Ding, Li-Yuan; Jiang, Xiu-Li; Li, Peng-Fei

2018-03-01

In this paper, we use quantum proxy signature to construct a new secret electronic voting scheme. In our scheme, six particles entangled states function as quantum channels. The voter Alice, the Vote Management Center Bob, the scrutineer Charlie only perform two particles measurements on the Bell bases to realize the electronic voting process. So the scheme reduces the technical difficulty and increases operation efficiency. We use quantum key distribution and one-time pad to guarantee its unconditional security. The significant advantage of our scheme is that transmitted information capacity is twice as much as the capacity of other schemes.

Applying voting theory in natural resource management: a case of multiple-criteria group decision support.

PubMed

Laukkanen, Sanna; Kangas, Annika; Kangas, Jyrki

2002-02-01

Voting theory has a lot in common with utility theory, and especially with group decision-making. An expected-utility-maximising strategy exists in voting situations, as well as in decision-making situations. Therefore, it is natural to utilise the achievements of voting theory also in group decision-making. Most voting systems are based on a single criterion or holistic preference information on decision alternatives. However, a voting scheme called multicriteria approval is specially developed for decision-making situations with multiple criteria. This study considers the voting theory from the group decision support point of view and compares it with some other methods applied to similar purposes in natural resource management. A case study is presented, where the approval voting approach is introduced to natural resources planning and tested in a forestry group decision-making process. Applying multicriteria approval method was found to be a potential approach for handling some challenges typical for forestry group decision support. These challenges include (i) utilising ordinal information in the evaluation of decision alternatives, (ii) being readily understandable for and treating equally all the stakeholders in possession of different levels of knowledge on the subject considered, (iii) fast and cheap acquisition of preference information from several stakeholders, and (iv) dealing with multiple criteria.

Comments on "A Closed-Form Solution to Tensor Voting: Theory and Applications".

PubMed

Maggiori, Emmanuel; Lotito, Pablo; Manterola, Hugo Luis; del Fresno, Mariana

2014-12-01

We comment on a paper that describes a closed-form formulation to Tensor Voting, a technique to perceptually group clouds of points, usually applied to infer features in images. The authors proved an analytic solution to the technique, a highly relevant contribution considering that the original formulation required numerical integration, a time-consuming task. Their work constitutes the first closed-form expression for the Tensor Voting framework. In this work we first observe that the proposed formulation leads to unexpected results which do not satisfy the constraints for a Tensor Voting output, hence they cannot be interpreted. Given that the closed-form expression is said to be an analytic equivalent solution, unexpected outputs should not be encountered unless there are flaws in the proof. We analyzed the underlying math to find which were the causes of these unexpected results. In this commentary we show that their proposal does not in fact provide a proper analytic solution to Tensor Voting and we indicate the flaws in the proof.

"Yes, we can!" review on team confidence in sports.

PubMed

Fransen, Katrien; Mertens, Niels; Feltz, Deborah; Boen, Filip

2017-08-01

During the last decade, team confidence has received more and more attention in the sport psychology literature. Research has demonstrated that athletes who are more confident in their team's abilities exert more effort, set more challenging goals, are more resilient when facing adversities, and ultimately perform better. This article reviews the existing literature in order to provide more clarity in terms of the conceptualization and the operationalization of team confidence. We thereby distinguish between collective efficacy (i.e., process-oriented team confidence) and team outcome confidence (i.e., outcome-oriented team confidence). In addition, both the sources as well as the outcomes of team confidence will be discussed. Furthermore, we will go deeper into the dispersion of team confidence and we will evaluate the current guidelines on how to measure both types of team confidence. Building upon this base, the article then highlights interesting avenues for future research in order to further improve both our theoretical knowledge on team confidence and its application to the field. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

77 FR 10755 - Request for Nominations for Voting Members on a Public Advisory Committee; Risk Communication...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-23

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2012-N-0001] Request for Nominations for Voting Members on a Public Advisory Committee; Risk Communication Advisory... Administration (FDA) is requesting nominations for members to serve on the Risk Communication Advisory Committee...

Geriatric teledermatology: store-and-forward vs. face-to-face examination.

PubMed

Rubegni, P; Nami, N; Cevenini, G; Poggiali, S; Hofmann-Wellenhof, R; Massone, C; Bilenchi, R; Bartalini, M; Cappelli, R; Fimiani, M

2011-11-01

Telemedicine could be useful in countries like Italy to meet the needs of elderly patients and in particular in those in precarious general conditions, for whom travelling even short distances can pose considerable practical and economical difficulties. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of store-and-forward teledermatology vs face-to-face consultations in elderly patients. A total of 130 geriatric patients with skin diseases requiring dermatological examination were enrolled. The patients examined, consisting of 60 men (46.15%) and 70 women (53.85%), were aged between 66 and 97 years (mean age 80.58 years). Three dermatologists of the department, with equal experience took turns in face-to-face examination and teledermatology (store-and-forward). To compare face-to-face dermatological examinations with the asynchronous store-and-forward approach of teledermatology, we considered diagnostic agreement (ICD-9 code), therapeutic agreement and concordance of diagnostic confidence. One hundred and fourteen of 130 patients were diagnosed with the same ICD-9 code, making a total observed agreement of 87.7% with a Cohen's κ estimated of 0.863. Agreement between therapies was 69.6% (Cohen's κ = 0.640). As it concerns diagnostic confidence, dermatologists appeared generally slightly less certain of their diagnosis by telemedicine. Store-and-forward teledermatology can improve diagnostic and therapeutic care for skin disease in elderly who lack easy and/or direct access to dermatologists. © 2011 The Authors. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology © 2011 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.

Electronic Voting Protocol Using Identity-Based Cryptography.

PubMed

Gallegos-Garcia, Gina; Tapia-Recillas, Horacio

2015-01-01

Electronic voting protocols proposed to date meet their properties based on Public Key Cryptography (PKC), which offers high flexibility through key agreement protocols and authentication mechanisms. However, when PKC is used, it is necessary to implement Certification Authority (CA) to provide certificates which bind public keys to entities and enable verification of such public key bindings. Consequently, the components of the protocol increase notably. An alternative is to use Identity-Based Encryption (IBE). With this kind of cryptography, it is possible to have all the benefits offered by PKC, without neither the need of certificates nor all the core components of a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). Considering the aforementioned, in this paper we propose an electronic voting protocol, which meets the privacy and robustness properties by using bilinear maps.

Electronic Voting Protocol Using Identity-Based Cryptography

PubMed Central

Gallegos-Garcia, Gina; Tapia-Recillas, Horacio

2015-01-01

Electronic voting protocols proposed to date meet their properties based on Public Key Cryptography (PKC), which offers high flexibility through key agreement protocols and authentication mechanisms. However, when PKC is used, it is necessary to implement Certification Authority (CA) to provide certificates which bind public keys to entities and enable verification of such public key bindings. Consequently, the components of the protocol increase notably. An alternative is to use Identity-Based Encryption (IBE). With this kind of cryptography, it is possible to have all the benefits offered by PKC, without neither the need of certificates nor all the core components of a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). Considering the aforementioned, in this paper we propose an electronic voting protocol, which meets the privacy and robustness properties by using bilinear maps. PMID:26090515

Joint and collaborative representation with local Volterra kernels convolution feature for face recognition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feng, Guang; Li, Hengjian; Dong, Jiwen; Chen, Xi; Yang, Huiru

2018-04-01

In this paper, we proposed a joint and collaborative representation with Volterra kernel convolution feature (JCRVK) for face recognition. Firstly, the candidate face images are divided into sub-blocks in the equal size. The blocks are extracted feature using the two-dimensional Voltera kernels discriminant analysis, which can better capture the discrimination information from the different faces. Next, the proposed joint and collaborative representation is employed to optimize and classify the local Volterra kernels features (JCR-VK) individually. JCR-VK is very efficiently for its implementation only depending on matrix multiplication. Finally, recognition is completed by using the majority voting principle. Extensive experiments on the Extended Yale B and AR face databases are conducted, and the results show that the proposed approach can outperform other recently presented similar dictionary algorithms on recognition accuracy.

On Adapting the Tensor Voting Framework to Robust Color Image Denoising

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moreno, Rodrigo; Garcia, Miguel Angel; Puig, Domenec; Julià, Carme

This paper presents an adaptation of the tensor voting framework for color image denoising, while preserving edges. Tensors are used in order to encode the CIELAB color channels, the uniformity and the edginess of image pixels. A specific voting process is proposed in order to propagate color from a pixel to its neighbors by considering the distance between pixels, the perceptual color difference (by using an optimized version of CIEDE2000), a uniformity measurement and the likelihood of the pixels being impulse noise. The original colors are corrected with those encoded by the tensors obtained after the voting process. Peak to noise ratios and visual inspection show that the proposed methodology has a better performance than state-of-the-art techniques.

Concept analysis: confidence/self-confidence.

PubMed

Perry, Patricia

2011-01-01

Confidence and self-confidence are crucial practice elements in nursing education and practice. Nurse educators should have an understanding of the concept of confidence in order to assist in the accomplishment of nursing students and their learning of technical and nontechnical skills. With the aim of facilitating trusted care of patients in the healthcare setting, nursing professionals must exhibit confidence, and, as such, clarification and analysis of its meaning is necessary. The purpose of this analysis is to provide clarity to the meaning of the concept confidence/self-confidence, while gaining a more comprehensive understanding of its attributes, antecedents, and consequences. Walker and Avant's eight-step method of concept analysis was utilized for the framework of the analysis process with model, contrary, borderline, and related cases presented along with attributes, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents identified. Understanding both the individualized development of confidence among prelicensure nursing students and the role of the nurse educator in the development of confident nursing practice, nurse educators can assist students in the development of confidence and competency. Future research surrounding the nature and development of confidence/self-confidence in the prelicensure nursing student experiencing human patient simulation sessions would assist to help educators further promote the development of confidence. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

16 CFR 802.4 - Acquisitions of voting securities of issuers or non-corporate interests in unincorporated...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... § 802.4 Acquisitions of voting securities of issuers or non-corporate interests in unincorporated... voting securities or an unincorporated entity whose non-corporate interests are being acquired pursuant... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Acquisitions of voting securities of issuers...

16 CFR 802.4 - Acquisitions of voting securities of issuers or non-corporate interests in unincorporated...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... § 802.4 Acquisitions of voting securities of issuers or non-corporate interests in unincorporated... voting securities or an unincorporated entity whose non-corporate interests are being acquired pursuant... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Acquisitions of voting securities of issuers...

16 CFR 802.4 - Acquisitions of voting securities of issuers or non-corporate interests in unincorporated...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... § 802.4 Acquisitions of voting securities of issuers or non-corporate interests in unincorporated... voting securities or an unincorporated entity whose non-corporate interests are being acquired pursuant... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Acquisitions of voting securities of issuers...

29 CFR 1209.06 - Action necessary to close meetings; record of votes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Action necessary to close meetings; record of votes. 1209.06 Section 1209.06 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) NATIONAL MEDIATION BOARD PUBLIC OBSERVATION OF NATIONAL MEDIATION BOARD MEETINGS § 1209.06 Action necessary to close meetings; record of votes...

11 CFR 100.133 - Voter registration and get-out-the-vote activities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Voter registration and get-out-the-vote activities. 100.133 Section 100.133 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS (2 U.S.C. 431) Exceptions to Expenditures § 100.133 Voter registration and get-out-the-vote...

Is fear perception special? Evidence at the level of decision-making and subjective confidence.

PubMed

Koizumi, Ai; Mobbs, Dean; Lau, Hakwan

2016-11-01

Fearful faces are believed to be prioritized in visual perception. However, it is unclear whether the processing of low-level facial features alone can facilitate such prioritization or whether higher-level mechanisms also contribute. We examined potential biases for fearful face perception at the levels of perceptual decision-making and perceptual confidence. We controlled for lower-level visual processing capacity by titrating luminance contrasts of backward masks, and the emotional intensity of fearful, angry and happy faces. Under these conditions, participants showed liberal biases in perceiving a fearful face, in both detection and discrimination tasks. This effect was stronger among individuals with reduced density in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, a region linked to perceptual decision-making. Moreover, participants reported higher confidence when they accurately perceived a fearful face, suggesting that fearful faces may have privileged access to consciousness. Together, the results suggest that mechanisms in the prefrontal cortex contribute to making fearful face perception special. © The Author (2016). Published by Oxford University Press.

Blood Versus Land: The Comparative Foundations for Citizenship and Voting Rights in Germany and Sweden

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

the political process. This thesis will examine how two major immigrant destination states within the European Union extend voting rights to...PAGES 77 14. SUBJECT TERMS Germany, Sweden, European Union , Voting rights, Franchise, Citizenship, Immigration, Immigrant, Migration, Nationalism 16...within the European Union extend voting rights to immigrants from outside the EU. These will be Germany and Sweden. The thesis concludes that the

Parental Leave Legislation in the U.S. Senate: Toward a Model of Roll-Call Voting.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monroe, Pamela A.; Garand, James C.

1991-01-01

Developed and tested a model of roll-call voting by U.S. senators on a cloture motion relating to the Parental and Medical Leave Act of 1988. Senate roll-call voting was found to be dominated by policy liberalism and party, whereas the impact of contextual demand variables was relatively minor and indirect, and votes could be accurately predicted.…

The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Overview and Issues

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-12-06

CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act...REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 00-00-2010 to 00-00-2010 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Overview and... PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Congressional Research Service,The Library of Congress,101 Independence Avenue SE,Washington,DC,20540

2008 Post-Election Voting Survey of Overseas Citizens: Tabulation of Responses

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-09-01

Mark Gorsak. Westat performed data collection and editing. DMDC’s Survey Technology Branch, under the guidance of Frederick Licari, Branch Chief...election day, definitely mail or fax a completed absentee ballot on or before November 4, 2008, definitely not vote, or are you not completely sure...Even though you did not vote, did you request an absentee ballot for the November 4, 2008 election

Face-to-Face vs. Real-Time Clinical Education: No Significant Difference

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mohammed, Y. Q.; Waddington, G.; Donnan, P.

2007-01-01

The main objective of this pilot research project was to determine whether the use of an internet broadband link to stream physiotherapy clinical education workshop proceedings in "real-time" is of equivalent educational value to the traditional face-to-face experience. This project looked at the benefits of using the above technology as…

76 FR 54110 - Attorney General's Guidelines on Implementation of the Provisions of the Voting Rights Act...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-31

... General's Guidelines on Implementation of the Provisions of the Voting Rights Act Regarding Language... the Voting Rights Act, which require certain states and political subdivisions to conduct elections in... language requirements in sections 4(f)(4) and 203 of the Voting Rights Act. The rule also amends the...

25 CFR 81.9 - Voting districts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Voting districts. 81.9 Section 81.9 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR TRIBAL GOVERNMENT TRIBAL REORGANIZATION UNDER A FEDERAL... elections in the tribal constitution or by tribal election ordinance or resolution; and (b) in the election...

Schizotypy and impaired basic face recognition? Another non-confirmatory study.

PubMed

Bell, Vaughan; Halligan, Peter

2015-12-01

Although schizotypy has been found to be reliably associated with a reduced recognition of facial affect, the few studies that have tested the association between basic face recognition abilities and schizotypy have found mixed results. This study formally tested the association in a large non-clinical sample with established neurological measures of face recognition. Two hundred and twenty-seven participants completed the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences schizotypy scale and completed the Famous Faces Test and the Cardiff Repeated Recognition Test for Faces. No association between any schizotypal dimension and performance on either of the facial recognition and learning tests was found. The null results can be accepted with a high degree of confidence. Further additional evidence is provided for a lack of association between schizotypy and basic face recognition deficits. © 2014 Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

16 CFR 801.10 - Value of voting securities, non-corporate interests and assets to be acquired.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Value of voting securities, non-corporate... ACT OF 1976 COVERAGE RULES § 801.10 Value of voting securities, non-corporate interests and assets to... value of all consideration for such voting securities, non-corporate interests or assets to be acquired...

16 CFR 801.10 - Value of voting securities, non-corporate interests and assets to be acquired.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Value of voting securities, non-corporate... ACT OF 1976 COVERAGE RULES § 801.10 Value of voting securities, non-corporate interests and assets to... value of all consideration for such voting securities, non-corporate interests or assets to be acquired...

16 CFR 801.10 - Value of voting securities, non-corporate interests and assets to be acquired.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Value of voting securities, non-corporate... ACT OF 1976 COVERAGE RULES § 801.10 Value of voting securities, non-corporate interests and assets to... value of all consideration for such voting securities, non-corporate interests or assets to be acquired...

Political Broadcast Advertising and Primary Election Voting

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wanat, John

1974-01-01

Results of a research project which hypothisized that: Other things being equal, the heavier a candidate's usage of broadcast advertising in a primary election campaign, the greater will be his share of the votes in the election. (Author/HB)

One Vote for the Electoral College

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Turner, John J., Jr.

2007-01-01

For students of history, the acrimonious and contentious 1876 presidential canvass came to mind during the 2000 election imbroglio. Democrat Samuel J. Tilden won the popular vote, but to the dismay of outraged Democrats, an electoral commission of eight Republicans and seven Democrats decided along strict party lines to give twenty disputed…

Distribution of Votes and a Model of Political Opinion Formation for Majority Elections

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Prenga, Dode; Ifti, Margarita

We study the behavior of the number of votes cast for different electoral subjects in majority elections, and in particular, the Albanian elections of the last 10 years, as well as the British, Russian, and Canadian elections. We report the frequency of obtaining a certain percentage (fraction) of votes versus this fraction for the parliamentary elections. In the distribution of votes cast in majority elections we identify two regimes. In the low percentiles we see a power law distribution, with exponent about -1.7. In the power law regime we find over 80% of the data points, while they relate to 20% of the votes cast. Votes of the small electoral subjects are found in this regime. The other regime includes percentiles above 20%, and has Gaussian distribution. It corresponds to large electoral subjects. A similar pattern is observed in other first past the post (FPP) elections, such as British and Canadian, but here the Gaussian is reduced to an exponential. Finally we show that this distribution can not be reproduced by a modified "word of mouth" model of opinion formation. This behavior can be reproduced by a model that comprises different number of zealots, as well as different campaign strengths for different electoral subjects, in presence of preferential attachment of voters to candidates.

16 CFR 801.10 - Value of voting securities, non-corporate interests and assets to be acquired.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Value of voting securities, non-corporate... ACT OF 1976 COVERAGE RULES § 801.10 Value of voting securities, non-corporate interests and assets to be acquired. Except as provided in § 801.13, the value of voting securities and assets to be acquired...

16 CFR 801.10 - Value of voting securities, non-corporate interests and assets to be acquired.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Value of voting securities, non-corporate... ACT OF 1976 COVERAGE RULES § 801.10 Value of voting securities, non-corporate interests and assets to be acquired. Except as provided in § 801.13, the value of voting securities and assets to be acquired...

An efficient voting algorithm for finding additive biclusters with random background.

PubMed

Xiao, Jing; Wang, Lusheng; Liu, Xiaowen; Jiang, Tao

2008-12-01

The biclustering problem has been extensively studied in many areas, including e-commerce, data mining, machine learning, pattern recognition, statistics, and, more recently, computational biology. Given an n x m matrix A (n >or= m), the main goal of biclustering is to identify a subset of rows (called objects) and a subset of columns (called properties) such that some objective function that specifies the quality of the found bicluster (formed by the subsets of rows and of columns of A) is optimized. The problem has been proved or conjectured to be NP-hard for various objective functions. In this article, we study a probabilistic model for the implanted additive bicluster problem, where each element in the n x m background matrix is a random integer from [0, L - 1] for some integer L, and a k x k implanted additive bicluster is obtained from an error-free additive bicluster by randomly changing each element to a number in [0, L - 1] with probability theta. We propose an O(n(2)m) time algorithm based on voting to solve the problem. We show that when k >or= Omega(square root of (n log n)), the voting algorithm can correctly find the implanted bicluster with probability at least 1 - (9/n(2)). We also implement our algorithm as a C++ program named VOTE. The implementation incorporates several ideas for estimating the size of an implanted bicluster, adjusting the threshold in voting, dealing with small biclusters, and dealing with overlapping implanted biclusters. Our experimental results on both simulated and real datasets show that VOTE can find biclusters with a high accuracy and speed.

Polling the face: prediction and consensus across cultures.

PubMed

Rule, Nicholas O; Ambady, Nalini; Adams, Reginald B; Ozono, Hiroki; Nakashima, Satoshi; Yoshikawa, Sakiko; Watabe, Motoki

2010-01-01

Previous work has shown that individuals agree across cultures on the traits that they infer from faces. Previous work has also shown that inferences from faces can be predictive of important outcomes within cultures. The current research merges these two lines of work. In a series of cross-cultural studies, the authors asked American and Japanese participants to provide naïve inferences of traits from the faces of U.S. political candidates (Studies 1 and 3) and Japanese political candidates (Studies 2 and 4). Perceivers showed high agreement in their ratings of the faces, regardless of culture, and both sets of judgments were predictive of an important ecological outcome (the percentage of votes that each candidate received in the actual election). The traits predicting electoral success differed, however, depending on the targets' culture. Thus, when American and Japanese participants were asked to provide explicit inferences of how likely each candidate would be to win an election (Studies 3-4), judgments were predictive only for same-culture candidates. Attempts to infer the electoral success for the foreign culture showed evidence of self-projection. Therefore, perceivers can reliably infer predictive information from faces but require knowledge about the target's culture to make these predictions accurately.

Multiple Confidence Estimates as Indices of Eyewitness Memory

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sauer, James D.; Brewer, Neil; Weber, Nathan

2008-01-01

Eyewitness identification decisions are vulnerable to various influences on witnesses' decision criteria that contribute to false identifications of innocent suspects and failures to choose perpetrators. An alternative procedure using confidence estimates to assess the degree of match between novel and previously viewed faces was investigated.…

Probabilistic Polling And Voting In The 2008 Presidential Election: Evidence From The American Life Panel.

PubMed

Delavande, Adeline; Manski, Charles F

2010-01-01

This article reports new empirical evidence on probabilistic polling , which asks persons to state in percent-chance terms the likelihood that they will vote and for whom. Before the 2008 presidential election, seven waves of probabilistic questions were administered biweekly to participants in the American Life Panel (ALP). Actual voting behavior was reported after the election. We find that responses to the verbal and probabilistic questions are well-aligned ordinally. Moreover, the probabilistic responses predict voting behavior beyond what is possible using verbal responses alone. The probabilistic responses have more predictive power in early August, and the verbal responses have more power in late October. However, throughout the sample period, one can predict voting behavior better using both types of responses than either one alone. Studying the longitudinal pattern of responses, we segment respondents into those who are consistently pro-Obama , consistently anti-Obama , and undecided/vacillators . Membership in the consistently pro- or anti-Obama group is an almost perfect predictor of actual voting behavior, while the undecided/vacillators group has more nuanced voting behavior. We find that treating the ALP as a panel improves predictive power: current and previous polling responses together provide more predictive power than do current responses alone.

76 FR 72954 - Request for Nominations for Voting Members on Public Advisory Committee, Science Board to the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-28

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2011-N-0002] Request for Nominations for Voting Members on Public Advisory Committee, Science Board to the Food and Drug Administration AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice. The Food and Drug...

Your Vote, Your Voice. National Campus Voter Registration Project Organizing Handbook, 2004

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities, 2004

2004-01-01

Campus voter registration and education programs are powerful and proven tools for building voter participation. Young people who go to college are far more likely to vote than their peers who do not. U.S. Census Bureau data on the 2000 general election show that those with bachelor?s degrees were twice as likely to vote (75 percent) as were those…

31 CFR 800.206 - Convertible voting instrument.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Convertible voting instrument. 800.206 Section 800.206 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF INVESTMENT SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY REGULATIONS PERTAINING TO MERGERS, ACQUISITIONS...

Personality and Attitude Determinants of Voting Behavior

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brigham, John C.; Severy, Lawrence J.

1976-01-01

Measures of racial attitude, conceptual style, commitment to candidate and electoral process, social-political evaluation, and voting intentions, were administered to white college students (N=320) before the 1972 Presidential election. Prediction of behavioral intentions becomes more powerful as attitudinal measures are made more directly…

2008 Post-Election Voting Survey of Federal Civilians Overseas: Tabulations of Responses

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-08-01

weights for this survey. Westat performed data collection and editing. DMDC’s Survey Technology Branch, under the guidance of Frederick Licari, Branch...person on election day, definitely mail or fax a completed absentee ballot on or before November 4, 2008, definitely not vote, or are you not...15 14. Even though you did not vote, did you request an absentee ballot for the November 4, 2008 election

7 CFR 900.304 - Who may vote.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Conduct of Referenda To Determine Producer Approval of Milk Marketing Orders To Be Made Effective Pursuant to Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, as Amended § 900.304 Who may vote. (a) Each producer... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements...

7 CFR 900.307 - Time for voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Conduct of Referenda To Determine Producer Approval of Milk Marketing Orders To Be Made Effective Pursuant to Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, as Amended § 900.307 Time for voting. There shall be... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements...

A networked voting rule for democratic representation

PubMed Central

Brigatti, Edgardo; Moreno, Yamir

2018-01-01

We introduce a general framework for exploring the problem of selecting a committee of representatives with the aim of studying a networked voting rule based on a decentralized large-scale platform, which can assure a strong accountability of the elected. The results of our simulations suggest that this algorithm-based approach is able to obtain a high representativeness for relatively small committees, performing even better than a classical voting rule based on a closed list of candidates. We show that a general relation between committee size and representatives exists in the form of an inverse square root law and that the normalized committee size approximately scales with the inverse of the community size, allowing the scalability to very large populations. These findings are not strongly influenced by the different networks used to describe the individuals’ interactions, except for the presence of few individuals with very high connectivity which can have a marginal negative effect in the committee selection process. PMID:29657817

Majority-Vote Model on Opinion-Dependent Network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lima, F. W. S.

2013-09-01

We study a nonequilibrium model with up-down symmetry and a noise parameter q known as majority-vote model (MVM) of Oliveira 1992 on opinion-dependent network or Stauffer-Hohnisch-Pittnauer (SHP) networks. By Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and finite-size scaling relations the critical exponents β/ν, γ/ν and 1/ν and points qc and U* are obtained. After extensive simulations, we obtain β/ν = 0.230(3), γ/ν = 0.535(2) and 1/ν = 0.475(8). The calculated values of the critical noise parameter and Binder cumulant are qc = 0.166(3) and U* = 0.288(3). Within the error bars, the exponents obey the relation 2β/ν + γ/ν = 1 and the results presented here demonstrate that the MVM belongs to a different universality class than the equilibrium Ising model on SHP networks, but to the same class as majority-vote models on some other networks.

A networked voting rule for democratic representation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hernández, Alexis R.; Gracia-Lázaro, Carlos; Brigatti, Edgardo; Moreno, Yamir

2018-03-01

We introduce a general framework for exploring the problem of selecting a committee of representatives with the aim of studying a networked voting rule based on a decentralized large-scale platform, which can assure a strong accountability of the elected. The results of our simulations suggest that this algorithm-based approach is able to obtain a high representativeness for relatively small committees, performing even better than a classical voting rule based on a closed list of candidates. We show that a general relation between committee size and representatives exists in the form of an inverse square root law and that the normalized committee size approximately scales with the inverse of the community size, allowing the scalability to very large populations. These findings are not strongly influenced by the different networks used to describe the individuals' interactions, except for the presence of few individuals with very high connectivity which can have a marginal negative effect in the committee selection process.

Addressing the ethical, legal, and social issues raised by voting by persons with dementia.

PubMed

Karlawish, Jason H; Bonnie, Richard J; Appelbaum, Paul S; Lyketsos, Constantine; James, Bryan; Knopman, David; Patusky, Christopher; Kane, Rosalie A; Karlan, Pamela S

2004-09-15

This article addresses an emerging policy problem in the United States participation in the electoral process by citizens with dementia. At present, health care professionals, family caregivers, and long-term care staff lack adequate guidance to decide whether individuals with dementia should be precluded from or assisted in casting a ballot. Voting by persons with dementia raises a series of important questions about the autonomy of individuals with dementia, the integrity of the electoral process, and the prevention of fraud. Three subsidiary issues warrant special attention: development of a method to assess capacity to vote; identification of appropriate kinds of assistance to enable persons with cognitive impairment to vote; and formulation of uniform and workable policies for voting in long-term care settings. In some instances, extrapolation from existing policies and research permits reasonable recommendations to guide policy and practice. However, in other instances, additional research is necessary.

Cohesion and Coalition Formation in the European Parliament: Roll-Call Votes and Twitter Activities

PubMed Central

Cherepnalkoski, Darko; Karpf, Andreas; Mozetič, Igor; Grčar, Miha

2016-01-01

We study the cohesion within and the coalitions between political groups in the Eighth European Parliament (2014–2019) by analyzing two entirely different aspects of the behavior of the Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) in the policy-making processes. On one hand, we analyze their co-voting patterns and, on the other, their retweeting behavior. We make use of two diverse datasets in the analysis. The first one is the roll-call vote dataset, where cohesion is regarded as the tendency to co-vote within a group, and a coalition is formed when the members of several groups exhibit a high degree of co-voting agreement on a subject. The second dataset comes from Twitter; it captures the retweeting (i.e., endorsing) behavior of the MEPs and implies cohesion (retweets within the same group) and coalitions (retweets between groups) from a completely different perspective. We employ two different methodologies to analyze the cohesion and coalitions. The first one is based on Krippendorff’s Alpha reliability, used to measure the agreement between raters in data-analysis scenarios, and the second one is based on Exponential Random Graph Models, often used in social-network analysis. We give general insights into the cohesion of political groups in the European Parliament, explore whether coalitions are formed in the same way for different policy areas, and examine to what degree the retweeting behavior of MEPs corresponds to their co-voting patterns. A novel and interesting aspect of our work is the relationship between the co-voting and retweeting patterns. PMID:27835683

Cohesion and Coalition Formation in the European Parliament: Roll-Call Votes and Twitter Activities.

PubMed

Cherepnalkoski, Darko; Karpf, Andreas; Mozetič, Igor; Grčar, Miha

2016-01-01

We study the cohesion within and the coalitions between political groups in the Eighth European Parliament (2014-2019) by analyzing two entirely different aspects of the behavior of the Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) in the policy-making processes. On one hand, we analyze their co-voting patterns and, on the other, their retweeting behavior. We make use of two diverse datasets in the analysis. The first one is the roll-call vote dataset, where cohesion is regarded as the tendency to co-vote within a group, and a coalition is formed when the members of several groups exhibit a high degree of co-voting agreement on a subject. The second dataset comes from Twitter; it captures the retweeting (i.e., endorsing) behavior of the MEPs and implies cohesion (retweets within the same group) and coalitions (retweets between groups) from a completely different perspective. We employ two different methodologies to analyze the cohesion and coalitions. The first one is based on Krippendorff's Alpha reliability, used to measure the agreement between raters in data-analysis scenarios, and the second one is based on Exponential Random Graph Models, often used in social-network analysis. We give general insights into the cohesion of political groups in the European Parliament, explore whether coalitions are formed in the same way for different policy areas, and examine to what degree the retweeting behavior of MEPs corresponds to their co-voting patterns. A novel and interesting aspect of our work is the relationship between the co-voting and retweeting patterns.

A novel N-input voting algorithm for X-by-wire fault-tolerant systems.

PubMed

Karimi, Abbas; Zarafshan, Faraneh; Al-Haddad, S A R; Ramli, Abdul Rahman

2014-01-01

Voting is an important operation in multichannel computation paradigm and realization of ultrareliable and real-time control systems that arbitrates among the results of N redundant variants. These systems include N-modular redundant (NMR) hardware systems and diversely designed software systems based on N-version programming (NVP). Depending on the characteristics of the application and the type of selected voter, the voting algorithms can be implemented for either hardware or software systems. In this paper, a novel voting algorithm is introduced for real-time fault-tolerant control systems, appropriate for applications in which N is large. Then, its behavior has been software implemented in different scenarios of error-injection on the system inputs. The results of analyzed evaluations through plots and statistical computations have demonstrated that this novel algorithm does not have the limitations of some popular voting algorithms such as median and weighted; moreover, it is able to significantly increase the reliability and availability of the system in the best case to 2489.7% and 626.74%, respectively, and in the worst case to 3.84% and 1.55%, respectively.

Analysis of timescale to consensus in voting dynamics with more than two options

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Degang; Szeto, Kwok Yip

2018-04-01

We generalize a binary majority-vote model on adaptive networks to its plurality-vote counterpart and analyze the timescale to consensus when voters are given more than two options. When opinions are uniformly distributed in the population of voters in the initial state, we find that the timescale to consensus is shorter than the binary vote model from both numerical simulations and mathematical analysis using the master equation for the three-state plurality-vote model. When intervention such as opinion conversion is allowed, as in the case of sudden change of mind of voter for any reason, the effort needed to push the fragmented three-opinion population in the thermodynamic limit to the consensus state, measured in minimal intervention cost, is less than that needed to push a polarized two-opinion population to the consensus state, when the degree (p ) of homophily is less than 0.8. For a finite system, the fragmented three-opinion population will spontaneously reach the consensus state, with faster time to consensus, compared to polarized two-opinion population, for a broad range of p .

A voting-based statistical cylinder detection framework applied to fallen tree mapping in terrestrial laser scanning point clouds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Polewski, Przemyslaw; Yao, Wei; Heurich, Marco; Krzystek, Peter; Stilla, Uwe

2017-07-01

This paper introduces a statistical framework for detecting cylindrical shapes in dense point clouds. We target the application of mapping fallen trees in datasets obtained through terrestrial laser scanning. This is a challenging task due to the presence of ground vegetation, standing trees, DTM artifacts, as well as the fragmentation of dead trees into non-collinear segments. Our method shares the concept of voting in parameter space with the generalized Hough transform, however two of its significant drawbacks are improved upon. First, the need to generate samples on the shape's surface is eliminated. Instead, pairs of nearby input points lying on the surface cast a vote for the cylinder's parameters based on the intrinsic geometric properties of cylindrical shapes. Second, no discretization of the parameter space is required: the voting is carried out in continuous space by means of constructing a kernel density estimator and obtaining its local maxima, using automatic, data-driven kernel bandwidth selection. Furthermore, we show how the detected cylindrical primitives can be efficiently merged to obtain object-level (entire tree) semantic information using graph-cut segmentation and a tailored dynamic algorithm for eliminating cylinder redundancy. Experiments were performed on 3 plots from the Bavarian Forest National Park, with ground truth obtained through visual inspection of the point clouds. It was found that relative to sample consensus (SAC) cylinder fitting, the proposed voting framework can improve the detection completeness by up to 10 percentage points while maintaining the correctness rate.

Averting the Nuclear Option

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tierney, William G.

2007-01-01

Recently, some presidents of colleges and universities have run into serious trouble because of conflicts with their faculty. When such conflicts arise, faculty senates frequently precipitate an institutional crisis by voting (or threatening to vote) no confidence in the president. But whether one agrees or disagrees that a particular president…

Opinion Dynamics and Decision of Vote in Bipolar Political Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Caruso, Filippo; Castorina, Paolo

A model of the opinion dynamics underlying the political decision is proposed. The analysis is restricted to a bipolar scheme with a possible third political area. The interaction among voters is local but the final decision strongly depends on global effects such as the rating of the governments. As in the realistic case, the individual decision making process is determined by the most relevant personal interests and problems. The phenomenological analysis of the national vote in Italy and Germany has been carried out and a prediction of the next Italian vote as a function of the government rating is presented.

2008 Post-Election Voting Survey of Uniformed Service Members: Stastical Methodology Report

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-08-01

Research Fellow assisted in formatting this report. Data Recognition Corporation (DRC) performed data collection and editing. DMDC’s Survey...METHODOLOGY REPORT Executive Summary The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act of 1986 (UOCAVA), 42 USC 1973ff, permits members of...citizens covered by UOCAVA, (2) to assess the impact of the FVAP’s efforts to simplify and ease the process of voting absentee , (3) to evaluate other

The comparison between intradermal injection of abobotulinumtoxinA and normal saline for face-lifting: a split-face randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Wanitphakdeedecha, Rungsima; Ungaksornpairote, Chanida; Kaewkes, Arisa; Rojanavanich, Viboon; Phothong, Weeranut; Manuskiatti, Woraphong

2016-12-01

Botulinum toxin type A (BTA) has been approved for the treatment of strabismus, blepharospasm, muscle spasm, cervical dystonia, pain syndrome, glabella wrinkles, and severe primary axillary hyperhidrosis. Intradermal injection of BTA has been used off-label by many clinicians for the purpose of face-lifting effect. Few studies on onabotulinumtoxinA (ONA) demonstrated no clinical efficacy on face-lifting effect when comparing to normal saline solution (NSS). So far, there is no split-face comparison study on face-lifting effect of abobotulinumtoxinA (ABO). To determine the face-lifting effect of ABO intradermal injection and NSS. Twenty-two subjects with symmetrical faces on both facial expression and expressionless were randomly injected with ABO at 1:7 cc dilution (500 unit or one vial in 7 cc of NSS) on one side and NSS on the other side using intradermal injection technique. Standardized photographic documentation was obtained at baseline, and at 2 weeks after treatment. The face-lifting effect was graded by two blinded dermatologists using photographic comparison and rated by the patients. Side effects were also recorded at the end of the study. Face-lifting effect was demonstrated in 40.9% and 4.5% of patients with ABO and NSS, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in face-lifting effect when comparing between ABO and NSS (P = 0.021). The face-lifting was reported in 50.0% of patients receiving ABO injection. The patients with oval-face shape tended to respond better with ABO (P = 0.046). The odd of face-lifting effect for patients aged younger than 32 was higher than patients aged older than 32 with the odds ratio of 7.9 and 95% confidence interval of 1.1-56.1. Facial asymmetry was found in 22.7% of subjects. This study demonstrated the face-lifting effect of ABO intradermal injection. Patients with oval-face shape and aged younger than 32 tended to respond better. Therefore, patient selection should be emphasized to improve efficacy

Justice Can Further Improve Its Monitoring of Changes in State/Local Voting Laws.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-12-19

voter quali- fications and eligibility; registration, bal- loting and vote counting procedures; and the eligibility or method of selecting candidates...voter qualifications and eligibility; registration, balloting, and vote counting procedures; and the eligibility or method of *$ selecting candidates...reapportionments, -* annexations, method -of-election, and bilingual assistance to mi- nority language groups. Forty-nine of the withdrawals occurred after the

75 FR 1525 - Walnuts Grown in California; Changes to Regulations Governing Voting Procedures

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-12

...;Prices of new books are listed in the first FEDERAL REGISTER issue of each #0;week. #0; #0; #0; #0;#0... for voting by mail or telegram to include voting by e-mail and facsimile. In addition, reference to... U.S.C. 601-612), the Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) has considered the economic impact of this...

Voting on Embryonic Stem Cell Research: Citizens More Supportive than Politicians.

PubMed

Stadelmann, David; Torgler, Benno

2017-01-01

As the public debate over stem cell research continues, the observable voting behaviour in Switzerland offers a unique opportunity to compare the voting behaviour of politicians with that of voters. By analysing the outcomes of a referendum on a liberal new bill regulating such research, we reveal an about 10 percentage point lower conditional probability of the bill being accepted by politicians than by voters. Whereas the behaviour of politicians is driven almost entirely by party affiliation, citizen votes are driven not only by party attachment but also by church attendance. Seldom or never attending church increases the probability of bill acceptance by over 15 percentage points, while supporting the Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party instead of the Christian Democratic Party makes supporting the bill more likely for voters, suggesting that religious observance is important. The observance of these tendencies in Switzerland-an environment that promotes discussion through direct democratic rights-strongly suggests that citizens see the benefits of stem cell research.

75 FR 64736 - Request for Nominations for Voting Members on a Public Advisory Committee; Science Board to the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-20

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2010-N-0001] Request for Nominations for Voting Members on a Public Advisory Committee; Science Board to the Food and Drug Administration AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Food and...

16 CFR 801.15 - Aggregation of voting securities, non-corporate interests and assets the acquisition of which was...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... of determining the aggregate total amount of voting securities, non-corporate interests and assets of...-corporate interests or voting securities the acquisition of which was exempt at the time of acquisition (or... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Aggregation of voting securities, non...

16 CFR 801.15 - Aggregation of voting securities, non-corporate interests and assets the acquisition of which was...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... of determining the aggregate total amount of voting securities, non-corporate interests and assets of...-corporate interests or voting securities the acquisition of which was exempt at the time of acquisition (or... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Aggregation of voting securities, non...

16 CFR 801.15 - Aggregation of voting securities, non-corporate interests and assets the acquisition of which was...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... of determining the aggregate total amount of voting securities, non-corporate interests and assets of...-corporate interests or voting securities the acquisition of which was exempt at the time of acquisition (or... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Aggregation of voting securities, non...

7 CFR 1280.627 - Canvassing voting ballots.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Executive Director (CED) and a county or State FSA office employee to canvass the ballots and report the... INFORMATION ORDER Procedures To Request a Referendum Definitions § 1280.627 Canvassing voting ballots. (a... impractical, and designate the CED and/or another county or State FSA office employee to canvass requests in...

7 CFR 1280.627 - Canvassing voting ballots.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Executive Director (CED) and a county or State FSA office employee to canvass the ballots and report the... INFORMATION ORDER Procedures To Request a Referendum Definitions § 1280.627 Canvassing voting ballots. (a... impractical, and designate the CED and/or another county or State FSA office employee to canvass requests in...

7 CFR 1280.627 - Canvassing voting ballots.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Executive Director (CED) and a county or State FSA office employee to canvass the ballots and report the... INFORMATION ORDER Procedures To Request a Referendum Definitions § 1280.627 Canvassing voting ballots. (a... impractical, and designate the CED and/or another county or State FSA office employee to canvass requests in...

7 CFR 1280.627 - Canvassing voting ballots.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Executive Director (CED) and a county or State FSA office employee to canvass the ballots and report the... INFORMATION ORDER Procedures To Request a Referendum Definitions § 1280.627 Canvassing voting ballots. (a... impractical, and designate the CED and/or another county or State FSA office employee to canvass requests in...

7 CFR 1280.627 - Canvassing voting ballots.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Executive Director (CED) and a county or State FSA office employee to canvass the ballots and report the... INFORMATION ORDER Procedures To Request a Referendum Definitions § 1280.627 Canvassing voting ballots. (a... impractical, and designate the CED and/or another county or State FSA office employee to canvass requests in...

The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Background and Issues for the 107th Congress

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-04-02

2002 The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Background and Issues for the 107th Congress Kevin J. Coleman Analyst in American National... absentee in federal elections under the provisions of the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA) of 1986. The law was enacted to...improve absentee registration and voting for this group of voters and to consolidate existing laws. Since 1942, several federal laws have been enacted to

'It's The Sun Wot Won It': Evidence of media influence on political attitudes and voting from a UK quasi-natural experiment.

PubMed

Reeves, Aaron; McKee, Martin; Stuckler, David

2016-03-01

Do print media significantly impact political attitudes and party identification? To examine this question, we draw on a rare quasi-natural experiment that occurred when The Sun, a right-leaning UK tabloid, shifted its support to the Labour party in 1997 and back to the Conservative party in 2010. We compared changes in party identification and political attitudes among Sun readers with non-readers and other newspaper readerships. We find that The Sun's endorsements were associated with a significant increase in readers' support for Labour in 1997, approximately 525,000 votes, and its switch back was associated with about 550,000 extra votes for the Conservatives in 2010. Although we observed changes in readers' party preference, there was no effect on underlying political preferences. The magnitude of these changes, about 2% of the popular vote, would have been unable to alter the outcome of the 1997 General Election, but may have affected the 2010 Election. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Inc.

76 FR 13377 - Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-11

... ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act AGENCY: U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC). ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: Pursuant to Sections 254(a)(11)(A) and 255(b) of the Help America Vote Act (HAVA), Public Law 107-252, the U.S. Election...

75 FR 16764 - Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-02

... ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act AGENCY: U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC). ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: Pursuant to sections 254(a)(11)(A) and 255(b) of the Help America Vote Act (HAVA), Public Law 107-252, the U.S. Election...

75 FR 6643 - Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-10

... ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act AGENCY: U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC). ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: Pursuant to sections 254(a)(11)(A) and 255(b) of the Help America Vote Act (HAVA), Public Law 107-252, the U.S. Election...

75 FR 27743 - Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-18

... ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act AGENCY: Election Assistance Commission (EAC). ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: Pursuant to sections 254(a)(11)(A) and 255(b) of the Help America Vote Act (HAVA), Public Law 107-252, the U.S. Election Assistance...

75 FR 39671 - Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-12

... ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act AGENCY: U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC). ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: Pursuant to Sections 254(a)(11)(A) and 255(b) of the Help America Vote Act (HAVA), Public Law 107-252, the U.S. Election...

75 FR 41454 - Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-16

... ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act AGENCY: U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC). ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: Pursuant to Sections 254(a)(11)(A) and 255(b) of the Help America Vote Act (HAVA), Public Law 107-252, the U.S. Election...

75 FR 75969 - Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-07

... ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act AGENCY: U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC). ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: Pursuant to Sections 254(a)(11)(A) and 255(b) of the Help America Vote Act (HAVA), Public Law 107-252, the U.S. Election...

VIEW OF REMOTE MANIPULATOR SYSTEM LAB, ROOM NO. 1N4, FACING ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

VIEW OF REMOTE MANIPULATOR SYSTEM LAB, ROOM NO. 1N4, FACING SOUTHWEST - Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Launch Complex 39, Vehicle Assembly Building, VAB Road, East of Kennedy Parkway North, Cape Canaveral, Brevard County, FL

VIEW OF REMOTE MANIPULATOR SYSTEM LAB, ROOM NO. 1N4, FACING ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

VIEW OF REMOTE MANIPULATOR SYSTEM LAB, ROOM NO. 1N4, FACING NORTH - Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Launch Complex 39, Vehicle Assembly Building, VAB Road, East of Kennedy Parkway North, Cape Canaveral, Brevard County, FL

2008 Post-Election Voting Survey of Local Election Officials: Statistical Methodology Report

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-08-01

Research Fellow. The lead statistician on this survey was Mark Gorsak, supported by Katrina Hsen, Consortium Research Fellow. Jean Fowler performed the...LOCAL ELECTION OFFICIALS Executive Summary The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act of 1986 (UOCAVA), 42 USC 1973ff, permits members of...citizens covered by UOCAVA, (2) to assess the impact of the FVAP’s efforts to simplify and ease the process of voting absentee , (3) to evaluate other

7 CFR 1280.626 - Certification and voting procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 1280.626 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LAMB... Internet during the voting period. A completed and signed form LS-86 and supporting documentation, such as...

The Odd Evolution of the Voting Rights Act.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thernstrom, Abigail M.

1979-01-01

The Voting Rights Act was a noble response to the callousness of those who permitted and perpetrated the disenfranchisement of Southern Blacks. However, the political polarization of the society along racial and ethnic lines may be its main accomplishment. (Author)

"No Significant Distance" between Face-to-Face and Online Instruction: Evidence from Principles of Economics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coates, Dennis; Humphreys, Brad, R.; Kane, John; Vachris, Michelle, A.

2004-01-01

This paper describes an experiment focused on measuring and explaining differences in students learning between online and face-to-face modes of instruction in college level principles of economics courses. Our results indicate that students in face-to-face sections scored better on the Test of Understanding College Economics (TUCE) than students…

Polling Places, Pharmacies, and Public Health: Vote & Vax 2012

PubMed Central

Moore, Ryan T.; Benson, William; Anderson, Lynda A.

2015-01-01

US national elections, which draw sizable numbers of older voters, take place during flu-shot season and represent an untapped opportunity for large-scale delivery of vaccinations. In 2012, Vote & Vax deployed a total of 1585 clinics in 48 states; Washington, DC; Guam; Puerto Rico; and the US Virgin Islands. Approximately 934 clinics were located in pharmacies, and 651 were near polling places. Polling place clinics delivered significantly more vaccines than did pharmacies (5710 vs 3669). The delivery of vaccines was estimated at 9379, and approximately 45% of the recipients identified their race/ethnicity as African American or Hispanic. More than half of the White Vote & Vax recipients and more than two thirds of the non-White recipients were not regular flu shot recipients. PMID:25879150

Polling places, pharmacies, and public health: Vote & Vax 2012.

PubMed

Shenson, Douglas; Moore, Ryan T; Benson, William; Anderson, Lynda A

2015-06-01

US national elections, which draw sizable numbers of older voters, take place during flu-shot season and represent an untapped opportunity for large-scale delivery of vaccinations. In 2012, Vote & Vax deployed a total of 1585 clinics in 48 states; Washington, DC; Guam; Puerto Rico; and the US Virgin Islands. Approximately 934 clinics were located in pharmacies, and 651 were near polling places. Polling place clinics delivered significantly more vaccines than did pharmacies (5710 vs 3669). The delivery of vaccines was estimated at 9379, and approximately 45% of the recipients identified their race/ethnicity as African American or Hispanic. More than half of the White Vote & Vax recipients and more than two thirds of the non-White recipients were not regular flu shot recipients.

7 CFR 1221.227 - Canvassing voting ballots.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Director (CED) and a county or State FSA office employee to canvass the ballots and report the results... INFORMATION ORDER Procedures for the Conduct of Referenda Procedures § 1221.227 Canvassing voting ballots. (a..., and designate the CED and/or another county or State FSA office employee to canvass requests in any...

7 CFR 1221.227 - Canvassing voting ballots.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Director (CED) and a county or State FSA office employee to canvass the ballots and report the results... INFORMATION ORDER Procedures for the Conduct of Referenda Procedures § 1221.227 Canvassing voting ballots. (a..., and designate the CED and/or another county or State FSA office employee to canvass requests in any...

7 CFR 1221.227 - Canvassing voting ballots.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Director (CED) and a county or State FSA office employee to canvass the ballots and report the results... INFORMATION ORDER Procedures for the Conduct of Referenda Procedures § 1221.227 Canvassing voting ballots. (a..., and designate the CED and/or another county or State FSA office employee to canvass requests in any...

7 CFR 1221.227 - Canvassing voting ballots.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Director (CED) and a county or State FSA office employee to canvass the ballots and report the results... INFORMATION ORDER Procedures for the Conduct of Referenda Procedures § 1221.227 Canvassing voting ballots. (a..., and designate the CED and/or another county or State FSA office employee to canvass requests in any...

Proposition 2 1/2: Explaining the Vote.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ladd, Helen F.; Wilson, Julie Boatright

Researchers examined Massachusetts voters' reactions to Proposition 2 1/2--which severely restricts local governments' ability to raise money for local public services--through a statewide telephone survey of 1,561 household heads in 58 towns. Data were gathered on each respondent's vote on the proposition, sex, age, education, occupation, income,…

77 FR 23237 - Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-18

... ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act AGENCY: U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC). ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: Pursuant to Sections 254(a)(11)(A) and 255(b) of the Help America Vote Act (HAVA), Public Law 107-252, as amended by Section 622...

75 FR 51759 - Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-23

... ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act AGENCY: U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC). ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: Pursuant to Sections 254(a)(11)(A) and 255(b) of the Help America Vote Act (HAVA), Pub. L. 107-252, the U.S. Election Assistance...

77 FR 75425 - Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-20

... ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act AGENCY: U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC). ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: Pursuant to Sections 254(a)(11)(A) and 255(b) of the Help America Vote Act (HAVA), Public Law 107-252, as amended by Section 622...

78 FR 77110 - Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-20

... ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act AGENCY: U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC). ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: Pursuant to Sections 254(a)(11)(A) and 255(b) of the Help America Vote Act (HAVA), Public Law 107-252, as amended by Section 622...

Imagining class: A study into material social class position, subjective identification, and voting behavior across Europe.

PubMed

D'Hooge, Lorenzo; Achterberg, Peter; Reeskens, Tim

2018-02-01

The traditional approach to class voting has largely ignored the question whether material class positions coincide with subjective class identification. Following Sosnaud et al. (2013), this study evaluates party preferences when Europeans' material and subjective social class do not coincide. Seminal studies on voting behavior have suggested that members of lower classes are more likely to vote for the economic left and cultural right and that higher classes demonstrate the opposite pattern. Yet, these studies have on the one hand overlooked the possibility that there is a mismatch between the material class people can be classified in and the class they think they are part of, and on the other hand the consequences of this discordant class identification on voting behavior. Analyzing the 2009 wave of the European Elections Study, we find that the majority of the Europeans discordantly identify with the middle class, whereas only a minority of the lower and higher classes concordantly identify with their material social class. Further, material class only seems to predict economic voting behavior when it coincides with subjective class; for instance, individuals who have an inflated class identification are more likely to vote for the economic left, even when they materially can be classified as middle or high class. We conclude this paper with a discussion on scholarly debates concerning class and politics. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Public Choice and Private Interest: Explaining the Vote for Property Tax Classification in Massachusetts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bloom, Howard S.

1979-01-01

Argues that citizens' perceptions of their monetary self-interest can markedly influence their votes and that such self-interested voting requires clear definition of the alternatives, widespread publicity about the issues, and a simple presentation of what each alternative implies. Available from NTA-TIA, 21 East State Street, Columbus, OH 43215.…

Security of Electronic Voting in the United States

DOE PAGES

King, Charity; Thompson, Michael

2016-10-20

In the midst of numerous high-profile cyber-attacks, the US is considering whether to categorize the US electronic voting system as “critical infrastructure”, to be protected and invested in much the same way as the US power grid or waterways.

Iterative Tensor Voting for Perceptual Grouping of Ill-Defined Curvilinear Structures: Application to Adherens Junctions

PubMed Central

Loss, Leandro A.; Bebis, George; Parvin, Bahram

2012-01-01

In this paper, a novel approach is proposed for perceptual grouping and localization of ill-defined curvilinear structures. Our approach builds upon the tensor voting and the iterative voting frameworks. Its efficacy lies on iterative refinements of curvilinear structures by gradually shifting from an exploratory to an exploitative mode. Such a mode shifting is achieved by reducing the aperture of the tensor voting fields, which is shown to improve curve grouping and inference by enhancing the concentration of the votes over promising, salient structures. The proposed technique is applied to delineation of adherens junctions imaged through fluorescence microscopy. This class of membrane-bound macromolecules maintains tissue structural integrity and cell-cell interactions. Visually, it exhibits fibrous patterns that may be diffused, punctate and frequently perceptual. Besides the application to real data, the proposed method is compared to prior methods on synthetic and annotated real data, showing high precision rates. PMID:21421432

Confidence intervals in Flow Forecasting by using artificial neural networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Panagoulia, Dionysia; Tsekouras, George

2014-05-01

variable of different ANN structures [3]. The performance of each ANN structure is evaluated by the voting analysis based on eleven criteria, which are the root mean square error (RMSE), the correlation index (R), the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), the mean percentage error (MPE), the mean percentage error (ME), the percentage volume in errors (VE), the percentage error in peak (MF), the normalized mean bias error (NMBE), the normalized root mean bias error (NRMSE), the Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (E) and the modified Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (E1). The next day flow for the test set is calculated using the best ANN structure's model. Consequently, the confidence intervals of various confidence levels for training, evaluation and test sets are compared in order to explore the generalisation dynamics of confidence intervals from training and evaluation sets. [1] H.S. Hippert, C.E. Pedreira, R.C. Souza, "Neural networks for short-term load forecasting: A review and evaluation," IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 16, no. 1, 2001, pp. 44-55. [2] G. J. Tsekouras, N.E. Mastorakis, F.D. Kanellos, V.T. Kontargyri, C.D. Tsirekis, I.S. Karanasiou, Ch.N. Elias, A.D. Salis, P.A. Kontaxis, A.A. Gialketsi: "Short term load forecasting in Greek interconnected power system using ANN: Confidence Interval using a novel re-sampling technique with corrective Factor", WSEAS International Conference on Circuits, Systems, Electronics, Control & Signal Processing, (CSECS '10), Vouliagmeni, Athens, Greece, December 29-31, 2010. [3] D. Panagoulia, I. Trichakis, G. J. Tsekouras: "Flow Forecasting via Artificial Neural Networks - A Study for Input Variables conditioned on atmospheric circulation", European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2012 (NH1.1 / AS1.16 - Extreme meteorological and hydrological events induced by severe weather and climate change), Vienna, Austria, 22-27 April 2012.

Texas Hold Him

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pohl, Robert J.

2010-01-01

On September 15, 2009, faculty members from four of the five community colleges in San Antonio delivered an overwhelming vote of no confidence in Chancellor Bruce H. Leslie to the Alamo Community College District's board of trustees. (One college, Northeast Lakeview, didn't participate in the vote because the college is not yet accredited.)…

East Europe Report, Economic and Industrial Affairs, No. 2464

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-10-24

confidence in the govern- ment’s agriculture policy is restored. II No one questions the fact that the stability of agricultural policy toward private... agricultural policy and the condition for restoring the confidence of farmers in the state authority. This is why the optimistic view that it would be...the face of universally known experience of the countryside with the instability of the agricultural policy toward individual farmers. The position

Intra-Campaign Changes in Voting Preferences: The Impact of Media and Party Communication

PubMed Central

Johann, David; Königslöw, Katharina Kleinen-von; Kritzinger, Sylvia; Thomas, Kathrin

2018-01-01

An increasing number of citizens change and adapt their party preferences during the electoral campaign. We analyze which short-term factors explain intra-campaign changes in voting preferences, focusing on the visibility and tone of news media reporting and party canvassing. Our analyses rely on an integrative data approach, linking data from media content analysis to public opinion data. This enables us to investigate the relative impact of news media reporting as well as party communication. Inherently, we overcome previously identified methodological problems in the study of communication effects on voting behavior. Our findings reveal that campaigns matter: Especially interpersonal party canvassing increases voters’ likelihood to change their voting preferences in favor of the respective party, whereas media effects are limited to quality news outlets and depend on individual voters’ party ambivalence. PMID:29695892

Intra-Campaign Changes in Voting Preferences: The Impact of Media and Party Communication.

PubMed

Johann, David; Königslöw, Katharina Kleinen-von; Kritzinger, Sylvia; Thomas, Kathrin

2018-01-01

An increasing number of citizens change and adapt their party preferences during the electoral campaign. We analyze which short-term factors explain intra-campaign changes in voting preferences, focusing on the visibility and tone of news media reporting and party canvassing. Our analyses rely on an integrative data approach, linking data from media content analysis to public opinion data. This enables us to investigate the relative impact of news media reporting as well as party communication. Inherently, we overcome previously identified methodological problems in the study of communication effects on voting behavior. Our findings reveal that campaigns matter: Especially interpersonal party canvassing increases voters' likelihood to change their voting preferences in favor of the respective party, whereas media effects are limited to quality news outlets and depend on individual voters' party ambivalence.

7 CFR 900.302 - Associations eligible to vote.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Conduct of Referenda To Determine Producer Approval of Milk Marketing Orders To Be Made Effective Pursuant to Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, as Amended § 900.302 Associations eligible to vote... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing...

Higher Ed. Gets Voting Rights on Assessments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gewertz, Catherine

2012-01-01

A group of states that is designing tests for the common academic standards has taken a key step to ensure that the assessments reflect students' readiness for college-level work: It gave top higher education officials from member states voting power on test-design questions that are closest to the heart of the college-readiness question. At its…

A Voting Rights Act Handbook for Chicanos.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc., San Francisco, CA.

In the summer of 1975, the protective provisions of the 1965 Voting Rights Act were extended to parts of the Southwest. This marks a significant point in the history to secure for Chicanos a meaningful participation in the political process. The basic purpose of the Act assures that minorities can participate in the election process without any…

The Voting Rights Act--An Historical Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rustin, Bayard; And Others

1975-01-01

This address to the morning session of the Southern Policy Conference on the Voting Rights Act of 1965 puts the Act in an historical perspective in which its importance is clearly perceived; also includes is a discussion of the address by Nicholas Katzenbach, Vernon Jordan, James P. Turner, and George H. Esser, persons who either were involved in…

Sophisticated approval voting, ignorance priors, and plurality heuristics: a behavioral social choice analysis in a Thurstonian framework.

PubMed

Regenwetter, Michel; Ho, Moon-Ho R; Tsetlin, Ilia

2007-10-01

This project reconciles historically distinct paradigms at the interface between individual and social choice theory, as well as between rational and behavioral decision theory. The authors combine a utility-maximizing prescriptive rule for sophisticated approval voting with the ignorance prior heuristic from behavioral decision research and two types of plurality heuristics to model approval voting behavior. When using a sincere plurality heuristic, voters simplify their decision process by voting for their single favorite candidate. When using a strategic plurality heuristic, voters strategically focus their attention on the 2 front-runners and vote for their preferred candidate among these 2. Using a hierarchy of Thurstonian random utility models, the authors implemented these different decision rules and tested them statistically on 7 real world approval voting elections. They cross-validated their key findings via a psychological Internet experiment. Although a substantial number of voters used the plurality heuristic in the real elections, they did so sincerely, not strategically. Moreover, even though Thurstonian models do not force such agreement, the results show, in contrast to common wisdom about social choice rules, that the sincere social orders by Condorcet, Borda, plurality, and approval voting are identical in all 7 elections and in the Internet experiment. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved.

An adaptive tensor voting algorithm combined with texture spectrum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Gang; Su, Qing-tang; Lü, Gao-huan; Zhang, Xiao-feng; Liu, Yu-huan; He, An-zhi

2015-01-01

An adaptive tensor voting algorithm combined with texture spectrum is proposed. The image texture spectrum is used to get the adaptive scale parameter of voting field. Then the texture information modifies both the attenuation coefficient and the attenuation field so that we can use this algorithm to create more significant and correct structures in the original image according to the human visual perception. At the same time, the proposed method can improve the edge extraction quality, which includes decreasing the flocculent region efficiently and making image clear. In the experiment for extracting pavement cracks, the original pavement image is processed by the proposed method which is combined with the significant curve feature threshold procedure, and the resulted image displays the faint crack signals submerged in the complicated background efficiently and clearly.

How Many Votes Are Needed to Be Elected President?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mahoney, John F.

2004-01-01

The presidential election that frequently features the results of political polling is presented. These polls attempt to estimate the popular vote that each candidate would receive as they could predict who would win the elections.

Shape-from-focus by tensor voting.

PubMed

Hariharan, R; Rajagopalan, A N

2012-07-01

In this correspondence, we address the task of recovering shape-from-focus (SFF) as a perceptual organization problem in 3-D. Using tensor voting, depth hypotheses from different focus operators are validated based on their likelihood to be part of a coherent 3-D surface, thereby exploiting scene geometry and focus information to generate reliable depth estimates. The proposed method is fast and yields significantly better results compared with existing SFF methods.

A new face of sleep: The impact of post-learning sleep on recognition memory for face-name associations

PubMed Central

Maurer, Leonie; Zitting, Kirsi-Marja; Elliott, Kieran; Czeisler, Charles A.; Ronda, Joseph M.; Duffy, Jeanne F.

2015-01-01

Sleep has been demonstrated to improve consolidation of many types of new memories. However, few prior studies have examined how sleep impacts learning of face-name associations. The recognition of a new face along with the associated name is an important human cognitive skill. Here we investigated whether post-presentation sleep impacts recognition memory of new face-name associations in healthy adults. Fourteen participants were tested twice. Each time, they were presented 20 photos of faces with a corresponding name. Twelve hours later, they were shown each face twice, once with the correct and once with an incorrect name, and asked if each face-name combination was correct and to rate their confidence. In one condition the 12-hour interval between presentation and recall included an 8-hour nighttime sleep opportunity (“Sleep”), while in the other condition they remained awake (“Wake”). There were more correct and highly confident correct responses when the interval between presentation and recall included a sleep opportunity, although improvement between the “Wake” and “Sleep” conditions was not related to duration of sleep or any sleep stage. These data suggest that a nighttime sleep opportunity improves the ability to correctly recognize face-name associations. Further studies investigating the mechanism of this improvement are important, as this finding has implications for individuals with sleep disturbances and/or memory impairments. PMID:26549626

A new face of sleep: The impact of post-learning sleep on recognition memory for face-name associations.

PubMed

Maurer, Leonie; Zitting, Kirsi-Marja; Elliott, Kieran; Czeisler, Charles A; Ronda, Joseph M; Duffy, Jeanne F

2015-12-01

Sleep has been demonstrated to improve consolidation of many types of new memories. However, few prior studies have examined how sleep impacts learning of face-name associations. The recognition of a new face along with the associated name is an important human cognitive skill. Here we investigated whether post-presentation sleep impacts recognition memory of new face-name associations in healthy adults. Fourteen participants were tested twice. Each time, they were presented 20 photos of faces with a corresponding name. Twelve hours later, they were shown each face twice, once with the correct and once with an incorrect name, and asked if each face-name combination was correct and to rate their confidence. In one condition the 12-h interval between presentation and recall included an 8-h nighttime sleep opportunity ("Sleep"), while in the other condition they remained awake ("Wake"). There were more correct and highly confident correct responses when the interval between presentation and recall included a sleep opportunity, although improvement between the "Wake" and "Sleep" conditions was not related to duration of sleep or any sleep stage. These data suggest that a nighttime sleep opportunity improves the ability to correctly recognize face-name associations. Further studies investigating the mechanism of this improvement are important, as this finding has implications for individuals with sleep disturbances and/or memory impairments. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

An Improved Evolutionary Programming with Voting and Elitist Dispersal Scheme

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maity, Sayan; Gunjan, Kumar; Das, Swagatam

Although initially conceived for evolving finite state machines, Evolutionary Programming (EP), in its present form, is largely used as a powerful real parameter optimizer. For function optimization, EP mainly relies on its mutation operators. Over past few years several mutation operators have been proposed to improve the performance of EP on a wide variety of numerical benchmarks. However, unlike real-coded GAs, there has been no fitness-induced bias in parent selection for mutation in EP. That means the i-th population member is selected deterministically for mutation and creation of the i-th offspring in each generation. In this article we present an improved EP variant called Evolutionary Programming with Voting and Elitist Dispersal (EPVE). The scheme encompasses a voting process which not only gives importance to best solutions but also consider those solutions which are converging fast. By introducing Elitist Dispersal Scheme we maintain the elitism by keeping the potential solutions intact and other solutions are perturbed accordingly, so that those come out of the local minima. By applying these two techniques we can be able to explore those regions which have not been explored so far that may contain optima. Comparison with the recent and best-known versions of EP over 25 benchmark functions from the CEC (Congress on Evolutionary Computation) 2005 test-suite for real parameter optimization reflects the superiority of the new scheme in terms of final accuracy, speed, and robustness.

28 CFR Appendix to Part 51 - Jurisdictions Covered Under Section 4(b) of the Voting Rights Act, as Amended

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) of the Voting Rights Act, as Amended Appendix to Part 51 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PROCEDURES FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF SECTION 5 OF THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965, AS AMENDED Pt. 51, App. Appendix to Part 51—Jurisdictions Covered Under Section 4(b) of the Voting Rights Act...

28 CFR Appendix to Part 51 - Jurisdictions Covered Under Section 4(b) of the Voting Rights Act, as Amended

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) of the Voting Rights Act, as Amended Appendix to Part 51 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PROCEDURES FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF SECTION 5 OF THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965, AS AMENDED Pt. 51, App. Appendix to Part 51—Jurisdictions Covered Under Section 4(b) of the Voting Rights Act...

Abstention in dynamical models of spatial voting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stadler, B. M. R.

2000-12-01

We consider a model of platform adaptation in spatial voting focussing on the effect of abstention on the stability of the mean voter equilibrium. Two distinct approaches for modeling abstention are explored: (1) voters abstain if party platforms are very much similar to each other and (2) voters abstain if both party platforms are far away from their ideal points.

75 FR 10228 - Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act; Correction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-05

... ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION Publication of State Plan Pursuant to the Help America Vote Act; Correction AGENCY: U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC). ACTION: Notice; correction. SUMMARY: The U.S... caption to read: SUMMARY: Pursuant to sections 254(a)(11)(A) and 255(b) of the Help America Vote Act (HAVA...

A Confidant Support and Problem Solving Model of Divorced Fathers’ Parenting

PubMed Central

DeGarmo, David S.; Forgatch, Marion S.

2011-01-01

This study tested a hypothesized social interaction learning (SIL) model of confidant support and paternal parenting. The latent growth curve analysis employed 230 recently divorced fathers, of which 177 enrolled support confidants, to test confidant support as a predictor of problem solving outcomes and problem solving outcomes as predictors of change in fathers’ parenting. Fathers’ parenting was hypothesized to predict growth in child behavior. Observational measures of support behaviors and problem solving outcomes were obtained from structured discussions of personal and parenting issues faced by the fathers. Findings replicated and extended prior cross-sectional studies with divorced mothers and their confidants. Confidant support predicted better problem solving outcomes, problem solving predicted more effective parenting, and parenting in turn predicted growth in children’s reduced total problem behavior T scores over 18 months. Supporting a homophily perspective, fathers’ antisociality was associated with confidant antisociality but only fathers’ antisociality influenced the support process model. Intervention implications are discussed regarding SIL parent training and social support. PMID:21541814

A confidant support and problem solving model of divorced fathers' parenting.

PubMed

Degarmo, David S; Forgatch, Marion S

2012-03-01

This study tested a hypothesized social interaction learning (SIL) model of confidant support and paternal parenting. The latent growth curve analysis employed 230 recently divorced fathers, of which 177 enrolled support confidants, to test confidant support as a predictor of problem solving outcomes and problem solving outcomes as predictors of change in fathers' parenting. Fathers' parenting was hypothesized to predict growth in child behavior. Observational measures of support behaviors and problem solving outcomes were obtained from structured discussions of personal and parenting issues faced by the fathers. Findings replicated and extended prior cross-sectional studies with divorced mothers and their confidants. Confidant support predicted better problem solving outcomes, problem solving predicted more effective parenting, and parenting in turn predicted growth in children's reduced total problem behavior T scores over 18 months. Supporting a homophily perspective, fathers' antisociality was associated with confidant antisociality but only fathers' antisociality influenced the support process model. Intervention implications are discussed regarding SIL parent training and social support.

7 CFR 989.129 - Voting at nomination meetings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Voting at nomination meetings. 989.129 Section 989.129 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing... property. In a landlord-tenant relationship, wherein each of the parties is a producer, each such producer...

The 26th Amendment and Youth Voting Rights.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schamel, Wynell

1996-01-01

Describes learning activities to be used in conjunction with a facsimile of the 92nd Congress's joint resolution passing the 26th Amendment extending the voting franchise to 18-year-olds. These activities include document analysis, time lines, class discussions, and storytelling. Briefly reviews the amendment process. (MJP)

40 CFR 1600.5 - Quorum and voting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Quorum and voting requirements. 1600.5 Section 1600.5 Protection of Environment CHEMICAL SAFETY AND HAZARD INVESTIGATION BOARD ORGANIZATION AND...) Quorum requirements. A quorum of the Board for the transaction of business shall consist of three Members...

Voting strategy for artifact reduction in digital breast tomosynthesis.

PubMed

Wu, Tao; Moore, Richard H; Kopans, Daniel B

2006-07-01

Artifacts are observed in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) reconstructions due to the small number of projections and the narrow angular range that are typically employed in tomosynthesis imaging. In this work, we investigate the reconstruction artifacts that are caused by high-attenuation features in breast and develop several artifact reduction methods based on a "voting strategy." The voting strategy identifies the projection(s) that would introduce artifacts to a voxel and rejects the projection(s) when reconstructing the voxel. Four approaches to the voting strategy were compared, including projection segmentation, maximum contribution deduction, one-step classification, and iterative classification. The projection segmentation method, based on segmentation of high-attenuation features from the projections, effectively reduces artifacts caused by metal and large calcifications that can be reliably detected and segmented from projections. The other three methods are based on the observation that contributions from artifact-inducing projections have higher value than those from normal projections. These methods attempt to identify the projection(s) that would cause artifacts by comparing contributions from different projections. Among the three methods, the iterative classification method provides the best artifact reduction; however, it can generate many false positive classifications that degrade the image quality. The maximum contribution deduction method and one-step classification method both reduce artifacts well from small calcifications, although the performance of artifact reduction is slightly better with the one-step classification. The combination of one-step classification and projection segmentation removes artifacts from both large and small calcifications.

Automatic Detection of Frontal Face Midline by Chain-coded Merlin-Farber Hough Trasform

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Okamoto, Daichi; Ohyama, Wataru; Wakabayashi, Tetsushi; Kimura, Fumitaka

We propose a novel approach for detection of the facial midline (facial symmetry axis) from a frontal face image. The facial midline has several applications, for instance reducing computational cost required for facial feature extraction (FFE) and postoperative assessment for cosmetic or dental surgery. The proposed method detects the facial midline of a frontal face from an edge image as the symmetry axis using the Merlin-Faber Hough transformation. And a new performance improvement scheme for midline detection by MFHT is present. The main concept of the proposed scheme is suppression of redundant vote on the Hough parameter space by introducing chain code representation for the binary edge image. Experimental results on the image dataset containing 2409 images from FERET database indicate that the proposed algorithm can improve the accuracy of midline detection from 89.9% to 95.1 % for face images with different scales and rotation.

7 CFR 1230.629 - Registration and voting procedures for importers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF.... Brown, P.O. Box 44366, Washington, DC 20026-4366. Importers may pick up the voting materials in-person...

7 CFR 1230.629 - Registration and voting procedures for importers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF.... Brown, P.O. Box 44366, Washington, DC 20026-4366. Importers may pick up the voting materials in-person...

An Efficient Voting Algorithm for Finding Additive Biclusters with Random Background

PubMed Central

Xiao, Jing; Wang, Lusheng; Liu, Xiaowen

2008-01-01

Abstract The biclustering problem has been extensively studied in many areas, including e-commerce, data mining, machine learning, pattern recognition, statistics, and, more recently, computational biology. Given an n × m matrix A (n ≥ m), the main goal of biclustering is to identify a subset of rows (called objects) and a subset of columns (called properties) such that some objective function that specifies the quality of the found bicluster (formed by the subsets of rows and of columns of A) is optimized. The problem has been proved or conjectured to be NP-hard for various objective functions. In this article, we study a probabilistic model for the implanted additive bicluster problem, where each element in the n × m background matrix is a random integer from [0, L − 1] for some integer L, and a k × k implanted additive bicluster is obtained from an error-free additive bicluster by randomly changing each element to a number in [0, L − 1] with probability θ. We propose an O (n2m) time algorithm based on voting to solve the problem. We show that when \\documentclass{aastex}\\usepackage{amsbsy}\\usepackage{amsfonts}\\usepackage{amssymb}\\usepackage{bm}\\usepackage{mathrsfs}\\usepackage{pifont}\\usepackage{stmaryrd}\\usepackage{textcomp}\\usepackage{portland, xspace}\\usepackage{amsmath, amsxtra}\\pagestyle{empty}\\DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6}\\begin{document}$$k \\geq \\Omega (\\sqrt{n \\log n})$$\\end{document}, the voting algorithm can correctly find the implanted bicluster with probability at least \\documentclass{aastex}\\usepackage{amsbsy}\\usepackage{amsfonts}\\usepackage{amssymb}\\usepackage{bm}\\usepackage{mathrsfs}\\usepackage{pifont}\\usepackage{stmaryrd}\\usepackage{textcomp}\\usepackage{portland, xspace}\\usepackage{amsmath, amsxtra}\\pagestyle{empty}\\DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6}\\begin{document}$$1 - {\\frac {9} {n^ {2}}}$$\\end{document}. We also implement our algorithm as a C++ program named VOTE. The implementation incorporates several

Adaptive Voting Algorithms for the Reliable Dissemination of Data in Fault-Prone Distributed Environments

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

on Op. Sys. Principles, ACM SIGOPS, Brighton , UK , October. Pollack, S. and McQuay, W.K. (2005) ‘Joint battlespace infosphere applications using...the voting protocols for good performance while meeting the reliability requirements of data delivery in a high assurance setting. Two metric quantify...the effectiveness of voting protocols: Data Transfer Efficiency (DTE) and Time-to-Complete (TTC) data delivery . DTE captures the network bandwidth

Segmentation of heterogeneous blob objects through voting and level set formulation

PubMed Central

Chang, Hang; Yang, Qing; Parvin, Bahram

2009-01-01

Blob-like structures occur often in nature, where they aid in cueing and the pre-attentive process. These structures often overlap, form perceptual boundaries, and are heterogeneous in shape, size, and intensity. In this paper, voting, Voronoi tessellation, and level set methods are combined to delineate blob-like structures. Voting and subsequent Voronoi tessellation provide the initial condition and the boundary constraints for each blob, while curve evolution through level set formulation provides refined segmentation of each blob within the Voronoi region. The paper concludes with the application of the proposed method to a dataset produced from cell based fluorescence assays and stellar data. PMID:19774202

Knowledge Surveys in General Chemistry: Confidence, Overconfidence, and Performance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bell, Priscilla; Volckmann, David

2011-01-01

Knowledge surveys have been used in a number of fields to assess changes in students' understanding of their own learning and to assist students in review. This study compares metacognitive confidence ratings of students faced with problems on the surveys with their actual knowledge as shown on the final exams in two courses of general chemistry…

Perceptual impairment in face identification with poor sleep

PubMed Central

Beattie, Louise; Walsh, Darragh; McLaren, Jessica; Biello, Stephany M.

2016-01-01

Previous studies have shown impaired memory for faces following restricted sleep. However, it is not known whether lack of sleep impairs performance on face identification tasks that do not rely on recognition memory, despite these tasks being more prevalent in security and forensic professions—for example, in photo-ID checks at national borders. Here we tested whether poor sleep affects accuracy on a standard test of face-matching ability that does not place demands on memory: the Glasgow Face-Matching Task (GFMT). In Experiment 1, participants who reported sleep disturbance consistent with insomnia disorder show impaired accuracy on the GFMT when compared with participants reporting normal sleep behaviour. In Experiment 2, we then used a sleep diary method to compare GFMT accuracy in a control group to participants reporting poor sleep on three consecutive nights—and again found lower accuracy scores in the short sleep group. In both experiments, reduced face-matching accuracy in those with poorer sleep was not associated with lower confidence in their decisions, carrying implications for occupational settings where identification errors made with high confidence can have serious outcomes. These results suggest that sleep-related impairments in face memory reflect difficulties in perceptual encoding of identity, and point towards metacognitive impairment in face matching following poor sleep. PMID:27853547

Teaching Case: Analysis of an Electronic Voting System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Nik; Toohey, Danny

2014-01-01

This teaching case discusses the analysis of an electronic voting system. The development of the case was motivated by research into information security and management, but as it includes procedural aspects, organizational structure and personnel, it is a suitable basis for all aspects of systems analysis, planning and design tasks. The material…

76 FR 21239 - Revision of Voting Rights Procedures

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-15

... both the Attorney General and the district court undertake, i.e., deciding whether the change complies..., or procedure affecting voting, not only a practice or procedure. Section 51.57(e) Relevant Factors...'' as synonyms for each other. See, e.g., Harper v. Virginia State Board of Elections, 383 U.S. 663, 667...

16 CFR 802.4 - Acquisitions of voting securities of issuers or non-corporate interests in unincorporated...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... § 802.4 Acquisitions of voting securities of issuers or non-corporate interests in unincorporated... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Acquisitions of voting securities of issuers or non-corporate interests in unincorporated entities holding certain assets the acquisition of which...

16 CFR 802.4 - Acquisitions of voting securities of issuers or non-corporate interests in unincorporated...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... § 802.4 Acquisitions of voting securities of issuers or non-corporate interests in unincorporated... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Acquisitions of voting securities of issuers or non-corporate interests in unincorporated entities holding certain assets the acquisition of which...

Human Capital: DoD Compliance With the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-03-31

UVAOs to perform their duties: “last day to mail” notifications to uniformed absentee voters; access to information regarding voter registration...the scope of our research on absentee voting issues that were brought to our attention by uniformed absentee voters. We performed this evaluation...and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (D-2003-072) Report Documentation Page Report Date 31 Mar 2003 Report Type N/A Dates Covered (from... to

Voting rights for alien residents--who wants it?

PubMed

Tung, K R

1985-01-01

Foreign nationals permanently domiciled in Sweden have been entitled since 1975 to vote and to municipal and county council elections. This article examines some of the major issues associated with international migration and disenfranchisement of migrants created by a contradiction between economic and political rationale. The alien population of Sweden remained small for a long time, but during the 1960s it rose 1st to 300,000 and later to 400,000 persons. Since 1970, aliens have constituted roughly 5% of the total national population of 8.3 million. Surveys following the 3 elections held in Sweden so far have shown immigrants to be quite well informed concerning election procedures and the parties. In contrast to single males, women with children tend to be highly stable, because of favorable social security for women, particularly for women with children. Participation elections among women (55%) is higher than among men (49%), and married women (58%) are usually the highest participants. Class-voting is still rather strong in Sweden; the percentage difference in preference for Socialist parties between working-class and middle-class was as high 55% in 1960. Long term trends in the distribution of party-preference among immigrants are determined to a large extent by the policy on immigration regulation and political asylum for refugees and exiles. Another selectivity is due to the differential remigration rate. A 1976 study showed that although local franchise of immigrants is now the law of the land, some Swedes are still against the granting of voting rights and electability to immigrants. On the whole, there is clearly a psychological environment conducive, at least in Stockholm, to the task of putting local franchise reform into real practice.

Using the Voting Rights Act. Clearinghouse Publication 53.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Commission on Civil Rights, Washington, DC.

The Voting Rights Act contains different provisions, some of which apply throughout the country and some of which apply only in those states and local jurisdictions that meet the conditions and tests spelled out in the act. This booklet explains the general provisions of the act, including the following: voter qualifications, civil suits and…

Bounded rationality and voting decisions over 160 years: voter behavior and increasing complexity in decision-making.

PubMed

Stadelmann, David; Torgler, Benno

2013-01-01

Using a quasi-natural voting experiment encompassing a 160-year period (1848-2009) in Switzerland, we investigate whether a higher level of complexity leads to increased reliance on trusted parliamentary representatives. We find that when more referenda are held on the same day, constituents are more likely to refer to parliamentary recommendations when making their decisions. This finding holds true even when we narrow our focus to referenda with a relatively lower voter turnout on days on which more than one referendum is held. We also demonstrate that when constituents face a higher level of complexity, they follow the parliamentary recommendations rather than those of interest groups. "Viewed as a geometric figure, the ant's path is irregular, complex, hard to describe. But its complexity is really a complexity in the surface of the beach, not a complexity in the ant." ( [1] p. 51).

Simultaneous two-view epipolar geometry estimation and motion segmentation by 4D tensor voting.

PubMed

Tong, Wai-Shun; Tang, Chi-Keung; Medioni, Gérard

2004-09-01

We address the problem of simultaneous two-view epipolar geometry estimation and motion segmentation from nonstatic scenes. Given a set of noisy image pairs containing matches of n objects, we propose an unconventional, efficient, and robust method, 4D tensor voting, for estimating the unknown n epipolar geometries, and segmenting the static and motion matching pairs into n independent motions. By considering the 4D isotropic and orthogonal joint image space, only two tensor voting passes are needed, and a very high noise to signal ratio (up to five) can be tolerated. Epipolar geometries corresponding to multiple, rigid motions are extracted in succession. Only two uncalibrated frames are needed, and no simplifying assumption (such as affine camera model or homographic model between images) other than the pin-hole camera model is made. Our novel approach consists of propagating a local geometric smoothness constraint in the 4D joint image space, followed by global consistency enforcement for extracting the fundamental matrices corresponding to independent motions. We have performed extensive experiments to compare our method with some representative algorithms to show that better performance on nonstatic scenes are achieved. Results on challenging data sets are presented.

Decision Analysis for Multicandidate Voting Systems. Applications of Elementary Decision Analysis to Political Science. [and] An Application of Voting Theory to Congress. Applications of Decision Theory and Game Theory to American Politics. Modules and Monographs in Undergraduate Mathematics and Its Applications Project. UMAP Units 384 and 386.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Merrill, Samuel, III; Enelow, James M.

This document consists of two modules. The first studies a variety of multicandidate voting systems, including approval, Borda, and cumulative voting, using a model which takes account of a voter's intensity of preference for candidates. The voter's optimal strategy is investigated for each voting system using decision criteria under uncertainty…

Faces are special but not too special: Spared face recognition in amnesia is based on familiarity

PubMed Central

Aly, Mariam; Knight, Robert T.; Yonelinas, Andrew P.

2014-01-01

Most current theories of human memory are material-general in the sense that they assume that the medial temporal lobe (MTL) is important for retrieving the details of prior events, regardless of the specific type of materials. Recent studies of amnesia have challenged the material-general assumption by suggesting that the MTL may be necessary for remembering words, but is not involved in remembering faces. We examined recognition memory for faces and words in a group of amnesic patients, which included hypoxic patients and patients with extensive left or right MTL lesions. Recognition confidence judgments were used to plot receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) in order to more fully quantify recognition performance and to estimate the contributions of recollection and familiarity. Consistent with the extant literature, an analysis of overall recognition accuracy showed that the patients were impaired at word memory but had spared face memory. However, the ROC analysis indicated that the patients were generally impaired at high confidence recognition responses for faces and words, and they exhibited significant recollection impairments for both types of materials. Familiarity for faces was preserved in all patients, but extensive left MTL damage impaired familiarity for words. These results suggest that face recognition may appear to be spared because performance tends to rely heavily on familiarity, a process that is relatively well preserved in amnesia. The findings challenge material-general theories of memory, and suggest that both material and process are important determinants of memory performance in amnesia, and different types of materials may depend more or less on recollection and familiarity. PMID:20833190

50 CFR 270.6 - Sector participants eligible to vote.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Sector participants eligible to vote. 270.6 Section 270.6 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE FISH AND SEAFOOD PROMOTION SPECIES-SPECIFIC SEAFOOD...

Information Theory and Voting Based Consensus Clustering for Combining Multiple Clusterings of Chemical Structures.

PubMed

Saeed, Faisal; Salim, Naomie; Abdo, Ammar

2013-07-01

Many consensus clustering methods have been applied in different areas such as pattern recognition, machine learning, information theory and bioinformatics. However, few methods have been used for chemical compounds clustering. In this paper, an information theory and voting based algorithm (Adaptive Cumulative Voting-based Aggregation Algorithm A-CVAA) was examined for combining multiple clusterings of chemical structures. The effectiveness of clusterings was evaluated based on the ability of the clustering method to separate active from inactive molecules in each cluster, and the results were compared with Ward's method. The chemical dataset MDL Drug Data Report (MDDR) and the Maximum Unbiased Validation (MUV) dataset were used. Experiments suggest that the adaptive cumulative voting-based consensus method can improve the effectiveness of combining multiple clusterings of chemical structures. Copyright © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Voicing on Virtual and Face to Face Discussion

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yamat, Hamidah

2013-01-01

This paper presents and discusses findings of a study conducted on pre-service teachers' experiences in virtual and face to face discussions. Technology has brought learning nowadays beyond the classroom context or time zone. The learning context and process no longer rely solely on face to face communications in the presence of a teacher.…

First order augmentation to tensor voting for boundary inference and multiscale analysis in 3D.

PubMed

Tong, Wai-Shun; Tang, Chi-Keung; Mordohai, Philippos; Medioni, Gérard

2004-05-01

Most computer vision applications require the reliable detection of boundaries. In the presence of outliers, missing data, orientation discontinuities, and occlusion, this problem is particularly challenging. We propose to address it by complementing the tensor voting framework, which was limited to second order properties, with first order representation and voting. First order voting fields and a mechanism to vote for 3D surface and volume boundaries and curve endpoints in 3D are defined. Boundary inference is also useful for a second difficult problem in grouping, namely, automatic scale selection. We propose an algorithm that automatically infers the smallest scale that can preserve the finest details. Our algorithm then proceeds with progressively larger scales to ensure continuity where it has not been achieved. Therefore, the proposed approach does not oversmooth features or delay the handling of boundaries and discontinuities until model misfit occurs. The interaction of smooth features, boundaries, and outliers is accommodated by the unified representation, making possible the perceptual organization of data in curves, surfaces, volumes, and their boundaries simultaneously. We present results on a variety of data sets to show the efficacy of the improved formalism.

Demographic Paradoxes in the Los Angeles Voting Rights Case.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clark, William A. V.; Morrison, Peter A.

1991-01-01

How technical demographic analysis can inform and confuse judicial considerations of voting rights principles is illustrated in a review of a 1990 case brought against Los Angeles County (California). A postscripted article considers whether the court involved should rely on after-census estimates for redistricting. (SLD)

No differences in emotion recognition strategies in children with autism spectrum disorder: evidence from hybrid faces.

PubMed

Evers, Kris; Kerkhof, Inneke; Steyaert, Jean; Noens, Ilse; Wagemans, Johan

2014-01-01

Emotion recognition problems are frequently reported in individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, this research area is characterized by inconsistent findings, with atypical emotion processing strategies possibly contributing to existing contradictions. In addition, an attenuated saliency of the eyes region is often demonstrated in ASD during face identity processing. We wanted to compare reliance on mouth versus eyes information in children with and without ASD, using hybrid facial expressions. A group of six-to-eight-year-old boys with ASD and an age- and intelligence-matched typically developing (TD) group without intellectual disability performed an emotion labelling task with hybrid facial expressions. Five static expressions were used: one neutral expression and four emotional expressions, namely, anger, fear, happiness, and sadness. Hybrid faces were created, consisting of an emotional face half (upper or lower face region) with the other face half showing a neutral expression. Results showed no emotion recognition problem in ASD. Moreover, we provided evidence for the existence of top- and bottom-emotions in children: correct identification of expressions mainly depends on information in the eyes (so-called top-emotions: happiness) or in the mouth region (so-called bottom-emotions: sadness, anger, and fear). No stronger reliance on mouth information was found in children with ASD.

An OMIC biomarker detection algorithm TriVote and its application in methylomic biomarker detection.

PubMed

Xu, Cheng; Liu, Jiamei; Yang, Weifeng; Shu, Yayun; Wei, Zhipeng; Zheng, Weiwei; Feng, Xin; Zhou, Fengfeng

2018-04-01

Transcriptomic and methylomic patterns represent two major OMIC data sources impacted by both inheritable genetic information and environmental factors, and have been widely used as disease diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers. Modern transcriptomic and methylomic profiling technologies detect the status of tens of thousands or even millions of probing residues in the human genome, and introduce a major computational challenge for the existing feature selection algorithms. This study proposes a three-step feature selection algorithm, TriVote, to detect a subset of transcriptomic or methylomic residues with highly accurate binary classification performance. TriVote outperforms both filter and wrapper feature selection algorithms with both higher classification accuracy and smaller feature number on 17 transcriptomes and two methylomes. Biological functions of the methylome biomarkers detected by TriVote were discussed for their disease associations. An easy-to-use Python package is also released to facilitate the further applications.

29 CFR 1922.4 - Responsibilities of the Board; voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... shall recommend measures which will provide the best means of preventing future injuries or conditions... Secretary. The report shall contain the determinations and recommendations required under paragraph (a) of... 29 Labor 7 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Responsibilities of the Board; voting. 1922.4 Section 1922...

29 CFR 1922.4 - Responsibilities of the Board; voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... shall recommend measures which will provide the best means of preventing future injuries or conditions... Secretary. The report shall contain the determinations and recommendations required under paragraph (a) of... 29 Labor 7 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Responsibilities of the Board; voting. 1922.4 Section 1922...

29 CFR 1922.4 - Responsibilities of the Board; voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... shall recommend measures which will provide the best means of preventing future injuries or conditions... Secretary. The report shall contain the determinations and recommendations required under paragraph (a) of... 29 Labor 7 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Responsibilities of the Board; voting. 1922.4 Section 1922...

29 CFR 1922.4 - Responsibilities of the Board; voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... shall recommend measures which will provide the best means of preventing future injuries or conditions... Secretary. The report shall contain the determinations and recommendations required under paragraph (a) of... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Responsibilities of the Board; voting. 1922.4 Section 1922...

7 CFR 1230.625 - Time and place of registration and voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... facsimile, or pick up an absentee ballot in-person. The absentee voting period shall be from August 18, 2000...

7 CFR 1230.625 - Time and place of registration and voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... facsimile, or pick up an absentee ballot in-person. The absentee voting period shall be from August 18, 2000...

Bounded Rationality and Voting Decisions over 160 Years: Voter Behavior and Increasing Complexity in Decision-Making

PubMed Central

Stadelmann, David; Torgler, Benno

2013-01-01

Using a quasi-natural voting experiment encompassing a 160-year period (1848–2009) in Switzerland, we investigate whether a higher level of complexity leads to increased reliance on trusted parliamentary representatives. We find that when more referenda are held on the same day, constituents are more likely to refer to parliamentary recommendations when making their decisions. This finding holds true even when we narrow our focus to referenda with a relatively lower voter turnout on days on which more than one referendum is held. We also demonstrate that when constituents face a higher level of complexity, they follow the parliamentary recommendations rather than those of interest groups. “Viewed as a geometric figure, the ant’s path is irregular, complex, hard to describe. But its complexity is really a complexity in the surface of the beach, not a complexity in the ant.” ( [1] p. 51) PMID:24391888

Preparation, Clinical Support, and Confidence of Speech-Language Therapists Managing Clients with a Tracheostomy in the UK

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ward, Elizabeth; Morgan, Tessa; McGowan, Sue; Spurgin, Ann-Louise; Solley, Maura

2012-01-01

Background: Literature regarding the education, training, clinical support and confidence of speech-language therapists (SLTs) working with patients with a tracheostomy is limited; however, it suggests that many clinicians have reduced clinical confidence when managing this complex population, many face role and team challenges practising in this…

Minimum Disclosure Counting for the Alternative Vote

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wen, Roland; Buckland, Richard

Although there is a substantial body of work on preventing bribery and coercion of voters in cryptographic election schemes for plurality electoral systems, there are few attempts to construct such schemes for preferential electoral systems. The problem is preferential systems are prone to bribery and coercion via subtle signature attacks during the counting. We introduce a minimum disclosure counting scheme for the alternative vote preferential system. Minimum disclosure provides protection from signature attacks by revealing only the winning candidate.

House panel votes to retain HOPWA at $171 million.

PubMed

1996-06-14

The House Appropriations Subcommittee on Veterans Affairs/Housing and Urban Development voted to approve a fiscal 1997 spending bill that allocates $171 million to the Housing Opportunities for People with AIDS (HOPWA) program. Although more cities will be eligible for assistance in 1996, the spending level remains the same as in 1995.

[Sources of leader's confidence in organizations].

PubMed

Ikeda, Hiroshi; Furukawa, Hisataka

2006-04-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the sources of confidence that organization leaders had. As potential sources of the confidence, we focused on fulfillment of expectations made by self and others, reflection on good as well as bad job experiences, and awareness of job experiences in terms of commonality, differentiation, and multiple viewpoints. A questionnaire was administered to 170 managers of Japanese companies. Results were as follows: First, confidence in leaders was more strongly related to fulfillment of expectations made by self and others than reflection on and awareness of job experiences. Second, the confidence was weakly related to internal processing of job experiences, in the form of commonality awareness and reflection on good job experiences. And finally, years of managerial experiences had almost no relation to the confidence. These findings suggested that confidence in leaders was directly acquired from fulfillment of expectations made by self and others, rather than indirectly through internal processing of job experiences. Implications of the findings for leadership training were also discussed.

Blending Face-to-Face and Distance Learning Methods in Adult and Career-Technical Education. Practice Application Brief No. 23.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wonacott, Michael E.

Both face-to-face and distance learning methods are currently being used in adult education and career and technical education. In theory, the advantages of face-to-face and distance learning methods complement each other. In practice, however, both face-to-face and information and communications technology (ICT)-based distance programs often rely…

A voting-based star identification algorithm utilizing local and global distribution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fan, Qiaoyun; Zhong, Xuyang; Sun, Junhua

2018-03-01

A novel star identification algorithm based on voting scheme is presented in this paper. In the proposed algorithm, the global distribution and local distribution of sensor stars are fully utilized, and the stratified voting scheme is adopted to obtain the candidates for sensor stars. The database optimization is employed to reduce its memory requirement and improve the robustness of the proposed algorithm. The simulation shows that the proposed algorithm exhibits 99.81% identification rate with 2-pixel standard deviations of positional noises and 0.322-Mv magnitude noises. Compared with two similar algorithms, the proposed algorithm is more robust towards noise, and the average identification time and required memory is less. Furthermore, the real sky test shows that the proposed algorithm performs well on the real star images.

Testing Differential Holistic Processing Within a Face: No Evidence of Asymmetry from the Complete Composite Task.

PubMed

Shyi, Gary C-W; Wang, Chao-Chih

2016-01-01

The composite face task is one of the most popular research paradigms for measuring holistic processing of upright faces. The exact mechanism underlying holistic processing remains elusive and controversial, and some studies have suggested that holistic processing may not be evenly distributed, in that the top-half of a face might induce stronger holistic processing than its bottom-half counterpart. In two experiments, we further examined the possibility of asymmetric holistic processing. Prior to Experiment 1, we confirmed that perceptual discriminability was equated between top and bottom face halves; we found no differences in performance between top and bottom face halves when they were presented individually. Then, in Experiment 1, using the composite face task with the complete design to reduce response bias, we failed to obtain evidence that would support the notion of asymmetric holistic processing between top and bottom face halves. To further reduce performance variability and to remove lingering holistic effects observed in the misaligned condition in Experiment 1, we doubled the number of trials and increased misalignment between top and bottom face halves to make misalignment more salient in Experiment 2. Even with these additional manipulations, we were unable to find evidence indicative of asymmetric holistic processing. Taken together, these findings suggest that holistic processing is distributed homogenously within an upright face.

A Vote for Election Science as an Academic Discipline

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Foster, Andrea L.

2006-01-01

This article presents the suggestion of Merle S. King, chairman of the department of computer science and information systems at Kennesaw State University and also a director of Kennesaw State's Center for Elections Systems, which has helped establish a uniform statewide voting system in Georgia. On the last day of the conference sponsored by the…

Applying Trustworthy Computing to End-to-End Electronic Voting

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fink, Russell A.

2010-01-01

"End-to-End (E2E)" voting systems provide cryptographic proof that the voter's intention is captured, cast, and tallied correctly. While E2E systems guarantee integrity independent of software, most E2E systems rely on software to provide confidentiality, availability, authentication, and access control; thus, end-to-end integrity is not…

Minimax confidence intervals in geomagnetism

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stark, Philip B.

1992-01-01

The present paper uses theory of Donoho (1989) to find lower bounds on the lengths of optimally short fixed-length confidence intervals (minimax confidence intervals) for Gauss coefficients of the field of degree 1-12 using the heat flow constraint. The bounds on optimal minimax intervals are about 40 percent shorter than Backus' intervals: no procedure for producing fixed-length confidence intervals, linear or nonlinear, can give intervals shorter than about 60 percent the length of Backus' in this problem. While both methods rigorously account for the fact that core field models are infinite-dimensional, the application of the techniques to the geomagnetic problem involves approximations and counterfactual assumptions about the data errors, and so these results are likely to be extremely optimistic estimates of the actual uncertainty in Gauss coefficients.

What's So Hard about Staff Development? A Study in Face-to-Face Interaction. Occasional Paper No. 14.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anang, Arlene; Florio-Ruane, Susan

Staff development carried out within a conference format is multidimensional, ambiguous, potentially face-threatening, and complex. It is dependent upon the interactional work that takes place during face-to-face negotiations. The skills and knowledge of the staff developer cannot be shared with a teacher in a vacuum, but are dependent upon the…

Comments on "Getting out the Vote with Evaluative Thinking"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henry, Gary T.

2015-01-01

In this commentary, Gary Henry explains that the Danes have got it right, again. Not only is their voter turnout high to begin with, but they are evaluating ways to increase voter turnout with "random variation" to accurately assess the effects of the innovations. In the Danish 2009 municipal elections, 65.8% turned out to vote, which…

75 FR 71147 - Record of Vote of Meeting Closure

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-22

.... 94-409) (5 U.S.C. Sec. 552b) I, Isaac Fulwood, of the United States Parole Commission, was present at... following Commissioners voted that the meeting be closed: Isaac Fulwood, Cranston J. Mitchell and Patricia K..., 2010. Isaac Fuiwood, Chairman, U.S. Parole Commission. [FR Doc. 2010-29354 Filed 11-19-10; 8:45 am...

Mississippi Blacks and the Voting Rights Act of 1965

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Joubert, Paul E.; Crouch, Ben M.

1977-01-01

Analyzes the impact of the Voting Rights Act on black voter registration in Mississippi. Concludes that the future of black politics is highly uncertain in Mississippi. If the movement on the part of whites to disenfranchise blacks succeeds, and intimidation at the polls continues, advances made in the early 1970s could be seriously undermined.…

Voting and the Disabled: A Review of Canadian Election Legislation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Curtis, Charles K.

1983-01-01

Examination of Election Acts to determine how disabled electors are accommodated during federal, provincial, and municipal elections in Canada revealed that, beyond identifying procedures for accommodating electors with certain disabilities, in more jurisdictions both severely retarded and mentally ill persons are denied the right to vote.…

Determinants of Attitude toward the Public Health Spending and Its Relationship with Voting Behavior in the 2012 South Korean Presidential Election.

PubMed

Eun, Sang Jun; Lee, Jin Yong; Jung, Hye-Min; Lee, Jin-Seok

2016-01-01

This study aimed to identify the factors influencing South Korean voters' attitudes towards increasing public expenditure on health and to identify whether the issue of healthcare expenditure influenced candidate choice in the 2012 Korean presidential election. The study used the data from a survey conducted by the Institute of Korean Politics at Seoul National University immediately following the 2012 presidential election. The survey was completed by a nationwide sample of 1,200 people aged 19 or over using a face-to-face interview method and proportional quota sampling based on sex, age, and region. About 44.3% of respondents had a positive attitude toward increasing public health expenditure. There was no significant difference by the candidate they supported (conservative Park Geun-hye or liberal Moon Jae-in). In particular, even 44.9% of conservative supporters agreed with more spending. Politically neutral respondents (OR = 1.76, 90% CI 1.22-2.54) and strong conservative party supporters (OR = 1.53, 90% CI 1.05-2.25) were more likely to support public health expenditure increase compared to strong liberal party supporters. Also, respondents who believed that the economic gap in the country was widening were 1.91 times more likely to support an increase in public health expenditures. However, the issue of health expenditure had no influence on voters' choice of presidential candidates, and in particular no negative effect of choice of the ruling (conservative) party's candidate. Our results should be interpreted with care; one possible reason for this lack of effect might be that constituents voted along partisan lines regardless of their attitude to the welfare issue; another possible explanation might be the success of the "left click strategy" of the conservative party. That is, the conservatives did not reject economic democratization or social welfare expansion. Further research should be done to explain why attitudes to health spending did not directly

Determinants of Attitude toward the Public Health Spending and Its Relationship with Voting Behavior in the 2012 South Korean Presidential Election

PubMed Central

Jung, Hye-Min; Lee, Jin-Seok

2016-01-01

This study aimed to identify the factors influencing South Korean voters’ attitudes towards increasing public expenditure on health and to identify whether the issue of healthcare expenditure influenced candidate choice in the 2012 Korean presidential election. The study used the data from a survey conducted by the Institute of Korean Politics at Seoul National University immediately following the 2012 presidential election. The survey was completed by a nationwide sample of 1,200 people aged 19 or over using a face-to-face interview method and proportional quota sampling based on sex, age, and region. About 44.3% of respondents had a positive attitude toward increasing public health expenditure. There was no significant difference by the candidate they supported (conservative Park Geun-hye or liberal Moon Jae-in). In particular, even 44.9% of conservative supporters agreed with more spending. Politically neutral respondents (OR = 1.76, 90% CI 1.22–2.54) and strong conservative party supporters (OR = 1.53, 90% CI 1.05–2.25) were more likely to support public health expenditure increase compared to strong liberal party supporters. Also, respondents who believed that the economic gap in the country was widening were 1.91 times more likely to support an increase in public health expenditures. However, the issue of health expenditure had no influence on voters’ choice of presidential candidates, and in particular no negative effect of choice of the ruling (conservative) party’s candidate. Our results should be interpreted with care; one possible reason for this lack of effect might be that constituents voted along partisan lines regardless of their attitude to the welfare issue; another possible explanation might be the success of the “left click strategy” of the conservative party. That is, the conservatives did not reject economic democratization or social welfare expansion. Further research should be done to explain why attitudes to health spending did

The Confidence-Accuracy Relationship in Eyewitness Identification: Effects of Lineup Instructions, Foil Similarity, and Target-Absent Base Rates

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brewer, Neil; Wells, Gary L.

2006-01-01

Discriminating accurate from mistaken eyewitness identifications is a major issue facing criminal justice systems. This study examined whether eyewitness confidence assists such decisions under a variety of conditions using a confidence-accuracy (CA) calibration approach. Participants (N = 1,200) viewed a simulated crime and attempted 2 separate…

Face to face versus Facebook: does exposure to social networking web sites augment or attenuate physiological arousal among the socially anxious?

PubMed

Rauch, Shannon M; Strobel, Cara; Bella, Megan; Odachowski, Zachary; Bloom, Christopher

2014-03-01

The present study tested two competing hypotheses about the effect of Facebook exposure on the physiological arousal level of participants who then encountered the stimulus person in a face-to-face situation. Facebook exposure may attenuate later arousal by providing increased comfort and confidence, but it is also possible that Facebook exposure will augment arousal, particularly among the socially anxious. Participants completed a measure of social anxiety and were exposed to a stimulus person via Facebook, face to face, or both. Galvanic skin response was recorded during the exposures to the stimulus person. Results were consistent with the augmentation hypothesis: a prior exposure on Facebook will lead to increased arousal during a face-to-face encounter, particularly for those high in social anxiety.

Family Leave Legislation in the U.S. House: Voting on the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1990.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monroe, Pamela A.; And Others

1995-01-01

A model of roll call voting by House members on the Family and Medial Leave Act (FMLA) of 1990 was tested. Found that support for the FMLA was tied to a range of dispositional and contextual demand variables: conservatism, presidential support, etc. The model accurately predicted 90% of the votes. (RJM)

Weather conditions and political party vote share in Dutch national parliament elections, 1971-2010.

PubMed

Eisinga, Rob; Te Grotenhuis, Manfred; Pelzer, Ben

2012-11-01

Inclement weather on election day is widely seen to benefit certain political parties at the expense of others. Empirical evidence for this weather-vote share hypothesis is sparse however. We examine the effects of rainfall and temperature on share of the votes of eight political parties that participated in 13 national parliament elections, held in the Netherlands from 1971 to 2010. This paper merges the election results for all Dutch municipalities with election-day weather observations drawn from all official weather stations well distributed over the country. We find that the weather parameters affect the election results in a statistically and politically significant way. Whereas the Christian Democratic party benefits from substantial rain (10 mm) on voting day by gaining one extra seat in the 150-seat Dutch national parliament, the left-wing Social Democratic (Labor) and the Socialist parties are found to suffer from cold and wet conditions. Cold (5°C) and rainy (10 mm) election day weather causes the latter parties to lose one or two parliamentary seats.

Weather conditions and political party vote share in Dutch national parliament elections, 1971-2010

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eisinga, Rob; Te Grotenhuis, Manfred; Pelzer, Ben

2012-11-01

Inclement weather on election day is widely seen to benefit certain political parties at the expense of others. Empirical evidence for this weather-vote share hypothesis is sparse however. We examine the effects of rainfall and temperature on share of the votes of eight political parties that participated in 13 national parliament elections, held in the Netherlands from 1971 to 2010. This paper merges the election results for all Dutch municipalities with election-day weather observations drawn from all official weather stations well distributed over the country. We find that the weather parameters affect the election results in a statistically and politically significant way. Whereas the Christian Democratic party benefits from substantial rain (10 mm) on voting day by gaining one extra seat in the 150-seat Dutch national parliament, the left-wing Social Democratic (Labor) and the Socialist parties are found to suffer from cold and wet conditions. Cold (5°C) and rainy (10 mm) election day weather causes the latter parties to lose one or two parliamentary seats.

Presidential Debate Watching, Issue Knowledge, Character Evaluation, and Vote Choice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Benoit, William L.; Hansen, Glenn J.

2004-01-01

This study employs NES (National Election Survey) data from several presidential elections to investigate the effects of presidential debate watching on voters' issue knowledge, character evaluation, and vote choice. Debates can instill issue knowledge; however, voters are less likely to learn about incumbent presidents seeking re-election after a…

About-face on face recognition ability and holistic processing.

PubMed

Richler, Jennifer J; Floyd, R Jackie; Gauthier, Isabel

2015-01-01

Previous work found a small but significant relationship between holistic processing measured with the composite task and face recognition ability measured by the Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT; Duchaine & Nakayama, 2006). Surprisingly, recent work using a different measure of holistic processing (Vanderbilt Holistic Face Processing Test [VHPT-F]; Richler, Floyd, & Gauthier, 2014) and a larger sample found no evidence for such a relationship. In Experiment 1 we replicate this unexpected result, finding no relationship between holistic processing (VHPT-F) and face recognition ability (CFMT). A key difference between the VHPT-F and other holistic processing measures is that unique face parts are used on each trial in the VHPT-F, unlike in other tasks where a small set of face parts repeat across the experiment. In Experiment 2, we test the hypothesis that correlations between the CFMT and holistic processing tasks are driven by stimulus repetition that allows for learning during the composite task. Consistent with our predictions, CFMT performance was correlated with holistic processing in the composite task when a small set of face parts repeated over trials, but not when face parts did not repeat. A meta-analysis confirms that relationships between the CFMT and holistic processing depend on stimulus repetition. These results raise important questions about what is being measured by the CFMT, and challenge current assumptions about why faces are processed holistically.

About-face on face recognition ability and holistic processing

PubMed Central

Richler, Jennifer J.; Floyd, R. Jackie; Gauthier, Isabel

2015-01-01

Previous work found a small but significant relationship between holistic processing measured with the composite task and face recognition ability measured by the Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT; Duchaine & Nakayama, 2006). Surprisingly, recent work using a different measure of holistic processing (Vanderbilt Holistic Face Processing Test [VHPT-F]; Richler, Floyd, & Gauthier, 2014) and a larger sample found no evidence for such a relationship. In Experiment 1 we replicate this unexpected result, finding no relationship between holistic processing (VHPT-F) and face recognition ability (CFMT). A key difference between the VHPT-F and other holistic processing measures is that unique face parts are used on each trial in the VHPT-F, unlike in other tasks where a small set of face parts repeat across the experiment. In Experiment 2, we test the hypothesis that correlations between the CFMT and holistic processing tasks are driven by stimulus repetition that allows for learning during the composite task. Consistent with our predictions, CFMT performance was correlated with holistic processing in the composite task when a small set of face parts repeated over trials, but not when face parts did not repeat. A meta-analysis confirms that relationships between the CFMT and holistic processing depend on stimulus repetition. These results raise important questions about what is being measured by the CFMT, and challenge current assumptions about why faces are processed holistically. PMID:26223027

Reduced adaptability, but no fundamental disruption, of norm-based face coding following early visual deprivation from congenital cataracts.

PubMed

Rhodes, Gillian; Nishimura, Mayu; de Heering, Adelaide; Jeffery, Linda; Maurer, Daphne

2017-05-01

Faces are adaptively coded relative to visual norms that are updated by experience, and this adaptive coding is linked to face recognition ability. Here we investigated whether adaptive coding of faces is disrupted in individuals (adolescents and adults) who experience face recognition difficulties following visual deprivation from congenital cataracts in infancy. We measured adaptive coding using face identity aftereffects, where smaller aftereffects indicate less adaptive updating of face-coding mechanisms by experience. We also examined whether the aftereffects increase with adaptor identity strength, consistent with norm-based coding of identity, as in typical populations, or whether they show a different pattern indicating some more fundamental disruption of face-coding mechanisms. Cataract-reversal patients showed significantly smaller face identity aftereffects than did controls (Experiments 1 and 2). However, their aftereffects increased significantly with adaptor strength, consistent with norm-based coding (Experiment 2). Thus we found reduced adaptability but no fundamental disruption of norm-based face-coding mechanisms in cataract-reversal patients. Our results suggest that early visual experience is important for the normal development of adaptive face-coding mechanisms. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

76 FR 65750 - Sunshine Act Meeting; Record of Vote of Meeting Closure

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-24

... Commission, which started at approximately 11 a.m., on Thursday, September 8, 2011, at the U.S. Parole... any other business. Upon motion duly made, seconded, and carried, the following Commissioners voted...

Faces with Light Makeup Are Better Recognized than Faces with Heavy Makeup

PubMed Central

Tagai, Keiko; Ohtaka, Hitomi; Nittono, Hiroshi

2016-01-01

Many women wear facial makeup to accentuate their appeal and attractiveness. Makeup may vary from natural (light) to glamorous (heavy), depending of the context of interpersonal situations, an emphasis on femininity, and current societal makeup trends. This study examined how light makeup and heavy makeup influenced attractiveness ratings and facial recognition. In a rating task, 38 Japanese women assigned attractiveness ratings to 36 Japanese female faces with no makeup, light makeup, and heavy makeup (12 each). In a subsequent recognition task, the participants were presented with 36 old and 36 new faces. Results indicated that attractiveness was rated highest for the light makeup faces and lowest for the no makeup faces. In contrast, recognition performance was higher for the no makeup and light make up faces than for the heavy makeup faces. Faces with heavy makeup produced a higher rate of false recognition than did other faces, possibly because heavy makeup creates an impression of the style of makeup itself, rather than the individual wearing the makeup. The present study suggests that light makeup is preferable to heavy makeup in that light makeup does not interfere with individual recognition and gives beholders positive impressions. PMID:26973553

Faces with Light Makeup Are Better Recognized than Faces with Heavy Makeup.

PubMed

Tagai, Keiko; Ohtaka, Hitomi; Nittono, Hiroshi

2016-01-01

Many women wear facial makeup to accentuate their appeal and attractiveness. Makeup may vary from natural (light) to glamorous (heavy), depending of the context of interpersonal situations, an emphasis on femininity, and current societal makeup trends. This study examined how light makeup and heavy makeup influenced attractiveness ratings and facial recognition. In a rating task, 38 Japanese women assigned attractiveness ratings to 36 Japanese female faces with no makeup, light makeup, and heavy makeup (12 each). In a subsequent recognition task, the participants were presented with 36 old and 36 new faces. Results indicated that attractiveness was rated highest for the light makeup faces and lowest for the no makeup faces. In contrast, recognition performance was higher for the no makeup and light make up faces than for the heavy makeup faces. Faces with heavy makeup produced a higher rate of false recognition than did other faces, possibly because heavy makeup creates an impression of the style of makeup itself, rather than the individual wearing the makeup. The present study suggests that light makeup is preferable to heavy makeup in that light makeup does not interfere with individual recognition and gives beholders positive impressions.

Memberships, Voting, Social Trust, and Online Participation in Emerging Adulthood

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Menard, Lauren Ann; Slater, Robert O.

2012-01-01

American political and civic engagement was examined by life stage and educational attainment levels in 2008 political data. Engaged proportions of older Americans were larger than young Americans for Memberships, Voting, and Social Trust. A larger proportion of Young Adults (23%) than Older Adults (19%), however, was found for Online…

The 1975 Voting Rights Act: Lessons Learned and Tomorrow's Imperatives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gutierrez, G. G.

1978-01-01

The article discusses (1) the nature of the Minority Language Provisions of the Voting Rights Act and their implications for Hispanic participation; (2) central issues critical to an effective administration of the provisions; and, (3) specific issues that must be addressed if Hispanic communities are to ensure their self-enfranchisement. (NQ)

Patients and medical statistics. Interest, confidence, and ability.

PubMed

Woloshin, Steven; Schwartz, Lisa M; Welch, H Gilbert

2005-11-01

People are increasingly presented with medical statistics. There are no existing measures to assess their level of interest or confidence in using medical statistics. To develop 2 new measures, the STAT-interest and STAT-confidence scales, and assess their reliability and validity. Survey with retest after approximately 2 weeks. Two hundred and twenty-four people were recruited from advertisements in local newspapers, an outpatient clinic waiting area, and a hospital open house. We developed and revised 5 items on interest in medical statistics and 3 on confidence understanding statistics. Study participants were mostly college graduates (52%); 25% had a high school education or less. The mean age was 53 (range 20 to 84) years. Most paid attention to medical statistics (6% paid no attention). The mean (SD) STAT-interest score was 68 (17) and ranged from 15 to 100. Confidence in using statistics was also high: the mean (SD) STAT-confidence score was 65 (19) and ranged from 11 to 100. STAT-interest and STAT-confidence scores were moderately correlated (r=.36, P<.001). Both scales demonstrated good test-retest repeatability (r=.60, .62, respectively), internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha=0.70 and 0.78), and usability (individual item nonresponse ranged from 0% to 1.3%). Scale scores correlated only weakly with scores on a medical data interpretation test (r=.15 and .26, respectively). The STAT-interest and STAT-confidence scales are usable and reliable. Interest and confidence were only weakly related to the ability to actually use data.

Assessment of the Federal Voting Assistance Program Office Implementation of the Military and Overseas Voter Empowerment Act

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-08-31

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Department of Defense Inspector General,4800 Mark Center Drive,Alexandria,VA,22350-1500 8... PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S) 11. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S...Empowerment (MOVE) Act What We Did To determine if voting assistance programs carried out under the Uniformed and Overseas Absentee Voting Act

A Logical Analysis of Quantum Voting Protocols

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rad, Soroush Rafiee; Shirinkalam, Elahe; Smets, Sonja

2017-12-01

In this paper we provide a logical analysis of the Quantum Voting Protocol for Anonymous Surveying as developed by Horoshko and Kilin in (Phys. Lett. A 375, 1172-1175 2011). In particular we make use of the probabilistic logic of quantum programs as developed in (Int. J. Theor. Phys. 53, 3628-3647 2014) to provide a formal specification of the protocol and to derive its correctness. Our analysis is part of a wider program on the application of quantum logics to the formal verification of protocols in quantum communication and quantum computation.

The effect of educational package on functional status and maternal self-confidence of primiparous women in postpartum period: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

PubMed

Bagherinia, Marzieh; Mirghafourvand, Mojgan; Shafaie, Fahimeh Sehhatie

2017-10-01

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a training package on functional status and self-confidence of primiparous women in the postpartum period. This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 136 primiparous women who were referred to health centers in Tabriz, Iran, for their second postpartum care (10-15 days after delivery). These women were randomly assigned to education (n= 68) and control (n = 68) groups. The education group was provided with a face-to-face training session, three phone sessions, and a booklet. The control group received the routine postpartum care on days 1-3, 10-15 and 42-60. Participants completed the functional status and maternal self-confidence questionnaires before the interventio n and eight weeks postpartum. Independent t, chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used for data analysis. No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, except for infant's gender (p > .05). At six weeks after the intervention and by adjusting for baseline scores and infant's sex, mean scores of functional status (adjusted mean difference: 0.9; 95% CI: 0.8-1.03, p < .001) and maternal self-confidence (adjusted mean difference: 16.6; 95% CI: 13.8-19.3, p < .001) were significantly higher in the education group than in the control group. This study showed that training women has a positive effect in increasing their self-confidence and improving their functional status.

Self-report of tobacco use status: comparison of paper-based questionnaire, online questionnaire, and direct face-to-face interview--implications for meaningful use.

PubMed

Steffen, Mark W; Murad, Mohammad Hassan; Hays, J Taylor; Newcomb, Richard D; Molella, Robin G; Cha, Stephen S; Hagen, Philip T

2014-06-01

Identifying tobacco use status is essential to address use and provide resources to help patients quit. Being able to collect this information in an electronic format will become increasingly important, as the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services has included the assessment of tobacco use as part of its Stage 1 Meaningful Use criteria. The objective was to compare the accuracy of online vs. paper assessment methods to ascertain cigarette smoking status using a face-to-face structured interview as the gold standard. This was a retrospective analysis of a stratified opportunity sample of consecutive patients, reporting in 2010 for a periodic health evaluation, who completed either a scannable paper-based form or an online questionnaire and underwent a standardized rooming interview. Compared with face-to-face structured interview, the overall observed agreement and kappa coefficient for both methods combined (paper and online) were 97.7% and 0.69 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.51-0.86) . For the online form they were 97.4% and 0.61 (95% CI 0.33-0.90), and for the paper form they were 97.9% and 0.75 (95% CI 0.54-0.96). There was no statistically significant difference in agreement between the online and paper-based methods (P=0.76) compared with a face-to-face structured interview. Online assessment of tobacco use status is as accurate as a paper questionnaire, and both methods have greater than 97% observed agreement with a face-to-face structured interview. The use of online assessment of tobacco use status has several advantages and more widespread use should be explored.

A model of political voting behaviours across different countries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rowden, Jessica; Lloyd, David J. B.; Gilbert, Nigel

2014-11-01

This paper analyses, models mathematically, and compares national voting behaviours across seven democratic countries that have a long term election history, focusing on re-election rates, leaders’ reputation with voters and the importance of friends’ and family influence. Based on the data, we build a Markov model to test and explore national voting behaviour, showing voters are only influenced by the most recent past election. The seven countries can be divided into those in which there is a high probability that leaders will be re-elected and those in which incumbents have relatively less success. A simple stochastic phenomenological dynamical model of electoral districts in which voters may be influenced by social neighbours, political parties and political leaders is then created to explore differences in voter behaviours in the countries. This model supports the thesis that an unsuccessful leader has a greater negative influence on individual voters than a successful leader, while also highlighting that increasing the influence on voters of social neighbours leads to a decrease in the average re-election rate of leaders, but raises the average amount of time the dominant party is in charge.

Early Election Returns and the Voting Behavior of Adolescent Voters

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mann, Leon; And Others

1971-01-01

High school students participated in a field experiment that tested the effects of exposure to early election returns in a nonpartisan referendum. Students in the brighter classes changed their vote less frequently, but when they changed their preferences they showed a greater bandwagon effect. Students in the classes of lower academic achievement…

"All in Favour, Say Aye!" Voting in Pupils' Collaborative Talk

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Newman, Ruth

2015-01-01

This paper draws on the findings of an Economic and Social Research Council and British Telecom-funded project which explored the teaching of collaborative talk in the secondary English classroom. During the analysis of the video data collected, voting was observed as a strategy in pupils' collaborative decision-making. Converse to its democratic…

Bribery or just desserts? Evidence on the influence of Congressional reproductive policy voting patterns on PAC contributions from exogenous variation in the sex mix of legislator offspring.

PubMed

Conley, Dalton; McCabe, Brian J

2012-01-01

Evidence on the relationship between political contributions and legislators' voting behavior is marred by concerns about endogeneity in the estimation process. Using a legislator's offspring sex mix as a truly exogenous variable, we employ an instrumental variable estimation procedure to predict the effect of voting behavior on political contributions. Following previous research, we find that a legislator's proportion daughters has a significant effect on voting behavior for women's issues, as measured by score in the "Congressional Record on Choice" issued by NARAL Pro-Choice America. In the second stage, we make a unique contribution by demonstrating a significant impact of exogenous voting behavior on PAC contributions, lending further credibility to the hypothesis that Political Action Committees respond to legislators' voting patterns by "rewarding" political candidates that vote in line with the positions of the PAC, rather than affecting those same votes - at least in this high-profile policy domain. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.