HFE gene mutations and Wilson's disease in Sardinia.

PubMed

Sorbello, Orazio; Sini, Margherita; Civolani, Alberto; Demelia, Luigi

2010-03-01

Hypocaeruloplasminaemia can lead to tissue iron storage in Wilson's disease and the possibility of iron overload in long-term overtreated patients should be considered. The HFE gene encodes a protein that is intimately involved in intestinal iron absorption. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the HFE gene mutation, its role in iron metabolism of Wilson's disease patients and the interplay of therapy in copper and iron homeostasis. The records of 32 patients with Wilson's disease were reviewed for iron and copper indices, HFE gene mutations and liver biopsy. Twenty-six patients were negative for HFE gene mutations and did not present significant alterations of iron metabolism. The HFE mutation was significantly associated with increased hepatic iron content (P<0.02) and transferrin saturation index (P<0.03). After treatment period, iron indices were significantly decreased only in HFE gene wild-type. The HFE gene mutations may be an addictional factor in iron overload in Wilson's disease. Our results showed that an adjustment of dosage of drugs could prevent further iron overload induced by overtreatment only in patients HFE wild-type. 2009. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Diet and Nutrition

MedlinePlus

... need to know about Wilson Disease Diet and Nutrition Food . . . . Adherence to a low copper diet is ... Symptoms Diagnosis Treatments Generic Zinc Options Inheritence Diet & Nutrition Kayser-Fleischer Rings Wilson Disease FAQs Definitions Transplantation ...

Wilson's Disease Association International

MedlinePlus

... of Colorado and graduated with a B.S. in finance. Latest News & Announcements Search Our Site About WDA ... Help Donate Volunteer Shop Online Search the Internet Corporate Sponsorship Marketplace Copyright © 1978 - 2017 The Wilson Disease ...

Wilson's Disease

MedlinePlus

... Kidney problems. Wilson's disease can damage the kidneys, leading to problems such as kidney stones and an abnormal number of amino acids excreted in the urine. Psychological problems. These might include personality changes, depression, irritability, bipolar disorder or psychosis. Blood problems. ...

The level of serum lipids, vitamin E and low density lipoprotein oxidation in Wilson's disease patients.

PubMed

Rodo, M; Czonkowska, A; Pulawska, M; Swiderska, M; Tarnacka, B; Wehr, H

2000-09-01

The aim of this study was to estimate the level of lipids and of the main serum antioxidant, alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E), and to evaluate the susceptibility of low density lipoprotein (LDL) to oxidation in Wilson's disease patients. It was assumed that enhanced LDL peroxidation caused by high copper levels could contribute to the injury of liver and other tissues. The group investigated comprised 45 individuals with Wilson's disease treated with penicillamine or zinc salts and a control group of 36 healthy individuals. Lipids were determined by enzymatic methods, alpha-tocopherol by high performance liquid chromatography, the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation in vitro by absorption changes at 234 nm during 5 h and end-products of LDL lipid oxidation as thiobarbituric acid reacting substances. In Wilson's disease patients total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and alpha-tocopherol levels were significantly lower compared with the control group. No difference in LDL oxidation in vitro between the patients and the controls was stated. enhanced susceptibility of isolated LDL for lipid peroxidation in vitro was not observed in Wilson's disease patients. One cannot exclude, however, that because of low alpha-tocopherol level lipid peroxidation in the tissues can play a role in the pathogenesis of tissue injury in this disease.

Wilson's disease: the 60th anniversary of Walshe's article on treatment with penicillamine.

PubMed

Teive, Hélio A G; Barbosa, Egberto Reis; Lees, Andrew J

2017-01-01

This historical review describes Professor Walshe's seminal contribution to the treatment of Wilson's disease on the 60th anniversary of his pioneering article on penicillamine, the first effective treatment for the condition.

Genetics Home Reference: Wilson disease

MedlinePlus

... individuals diagnosed in adulthood and commonly occur in young adults with Wilson disease . Signs and symptoms of these problems can include clumsiness, tremors, difficulty walking, speech problems, impaired thinking ability, depression, anxiety, and mood swings. In many individuals with ...

Atypical presentation of Wilson disease.

PubMed

Wadera, Sheetal; Magid, Margret S; McOmber, Mark; Carpentieri, David; Miloh, Tamir

2011-08-01

A 15-year-old Caucasian female on human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) diet presented with fever, cholestasis, coagulopathy, hemolytic anemia, and acute renal dysfunction. Imaging of the biliary system and liver were normal. She responded to intravenous antibiotics, vitamin K and blood transfusions but experienced relapse upon discontinuation of antibiotics. She had remission with reinstitution of antibiotics. Liver biopsy revealed pronounced bile ductular reaction, bridging fibrosis, and hepatocytic anisocytosis and anisonucleosis with degenerative enlarged eosinophilic hepatocytes, suggestive of Wilson disease. Diagnosis of Wilson disease was further established based on the low serum ceruloplasmin, increased urinary and hepatic copper and presence of Kayser-Fleischer rings. The multisystem involvement of the liver, kidney, blood, and brain are consistent with Wilson disease; however, the clinical presentation of cholangitis and reversible coagulopathy is uncommon, and may result from concurrent acute cholangitis and/or the HCG diet regimen the patient was on. © Thieme Medical Publishers.

[Wilson disease. A case report and review of the literature].

PubMed

Alva-Moncayo, Edith; Castro-Tarín, María; González-Serrano, Adolfo

2011-01-01

Wilson disease is a problem of cuprum metabolism, with recesive autosomic hereditary transmission and a prevalence of one in 30,000 habitants. The cuprum is deposit in a progressive and irreversible way in the liver and encephalus and it is not liberated with quelant treatment. Neurological manifestations are tremor, disartria, extrapiramidal manifestations or distonia. Ophthalmic exploration shows corneal limb with sign of Kayser-Fleischer. a 15-year-old masculine patient with previous hepatitis outbreak in two times. During the last year he presented distonia, bradicinecious, stiffness and indifference with ictericia. Ophthalmological examination reported Kayser-Fleisher rings. Magnetic resonance of brain showed high dense images in lenticular, pallidus globe and caudate nucleus suggestive of Wilson disease. Ceruloplasmin concentration, cuprum in the liver biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. the importance of the case was the hepatic initial manifestations and two years after presented with inexpressive face, and it was considered a psychiatric disease, but the neurological evaluation and the liver biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Wilson disease.

Copper induces hepatocyte injury due to the endoplasmic reticulum stress in cultured cells and patients with Wilson disease

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Oe, Shinji, E-mail: ooes@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp; Miyagawa, Koichiro, E-mail: koichiro@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp; Honma, Yuichi, E-mail: y-homma@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp

Copper is an essential trace element, however, excess copper is harmful to human health. Excess copper-derived oxidants contribute to the progression of Wilson disease, and oxidative stress induces accumulation of abnormal proteins. It is known that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays an important role in proper protein folding, and that accumulation of misfolded proteins disturbs ER homeostasis resulting in ER stress. However, copper-induced ER homeostasis disturbance has not been fully clarified. We treated human hepatoma cell line (Huh7) and immortalized-human hepatocyte cell line (OUMS29) with copper and chemical chaperones, including 4-phenylbutyrate and ursodeoxycholic acid. We examined copper-induced oxidative stress, ERmore » stress and apoptosis by immunofluorescence microscopy and immunoblot analyses. Furthermore, we examined the effects of copper on carcinogenesis. Excess copper induced not only oxidative stress but also ER stress. Furthermore, excess copper induced DNA damage and reduced cell proliferation. Chemical chaperones reduced this copper-induced hepatotoxicity. Excess copper induced hepatotoxicity via ER stress. We also confirmed the abnormality of ultra-structure of the ER of hepatocytes in patients with Wilson disease. These findings show that ER stress plays a pivotal role in Wilson disease, and suggests that chemical chaperones may have beneficial effects in the treatment of Wilson disease.« less

Elevated copper impairs hepatic nuclear receptor function in Wilson's disease

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Wilson's disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder that results in accumulation of copper in the liver as a consequence of mutations in the gene encoding the copper-transporting P-type ATPase (ATP7B). WD is a chronic liver disorder, and individuals with the disease present with a variety of co...

Presence of the p.L456V polymorphism in Cuban patients clinically diagnosed with Wilson's disease.

PubMed

Clark-Feoktistova, Y; Ruenes-Domech, C; García-Bacallao, E F; Roblejo-Balbuena, H; Feoktistova, L; Clark-Feoktistova, I; Jay-Herrera, O; Collazo-Mesa, T

2018-06-10

Wilson's disease is characterized by the accumulation of copper in different organs, mainly affecting the liver, brain, and cornea, and is caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene. More than 120 polymorphisms in the ATP7B gene have been reported in the medical literature. The aim of the present study was to identify the conformational changes in the exon 3 region of the ATP7B gene and detect the p.L456V polymorphism in Cuban patients clinically diagnosed with Wilson's disease. A descriptive study was conducted at the Centro Nacional de Genética Médica and the Instituto Nacional de Gastroenterología within the time frame of 2007-2012 and included 105 patients with a clinical diagnosis of Wilson's disease. DNA extraction was performed through the salting-out method and the fragment of interest was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction technique. The conformational shift changes in the exon 3 region and the presence of the p.L456V polymorphism were identified through the Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism analysis. The so-called b and c conformational shift changes, corresponding to the p.L456V polymorphism in the heterozygous and homozygous states, respectively, were identified. The allelic frequency of the p.L456V polymorphism in the 105 Cuban patients that had a clinical diagnosis of Wilson's disease was 41% and liver-related symptoms were the most frequent in the patients with that polymorphism. The p.L456V polymorphism was identified in 64 Cuban patients clinically diagnosed with Wilson's disease, making future molecular study through indirect methods possible. Copyright © 2018 Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología. Publicado por Masson Doyma México S.A. All rights reserved.

Diverse Functional Properties of Wilson Disease ATP7B Variants

PubMed Central

Huster, Dominik; Kühne, Angelika; Bhattacharjee, Ashima; Raines, Lily; Jantsch, Vanessa; Noe, Johannes; Schirrmeister, Wiebke; Sommerer, Ines; Sabri, Osama; Berr, Frieder; Mössner, Joachim; Stieger, Bruno; Caca, Karel; Lutsenko, Svetlana

2012-01-01

BACKGROUND & AIMS Wilson disease is a severe disorder of copper metabolism caused by mutations in ATP7B, which encodes a copper-transporting adenosine triphosphatase. The disease presents with a variable phenotype that complicates the diagnostic process and treatment. Little is known about the mechanisms that contribute to the different phenotypes of the disease. METHODS We analyzed 28 variants of ATP7B from patients with Wilson disease that affected different functional domains; the gene products were expressed using the baculovirus expression system in Sf9 cells. Protein function was analyzed by measuring catalytic activity and copper (64Cu) transport into vesicles. We studied intracellular localization of variants of ATP7B that had measurable transport activities and were tagged with green fluorescent protein in mammalian cells using confocal laser scanning microscopy. RESULTS Properties of ATP7B variants with pathogenic amino-acid substitution varied greatly even if substitutions were in the same functional domain. Some variants had complete loss of catalytic and transport activity, whereas others lost transport activity but retained phosphor-intermediate formation or had partial losses of activity. In mammalian cells, transport-competent variants differed in stability and subcellular localization. CONCLUSIONS Variants in ATP7B associated with Wilson disease disrupt the protein’s transport activity, result in its mislocalization, and reduce its stability. Single assays are insufficient to accurately predict the effects of ATP7B variants the function of its product and development of Wilson disease. These findings will contribute to our understanding of genotype–phenotype correlation and mechanisms of disease pathogenesis. PMID:22240481

Epidemiology and introduction to the clinical presentation of Wilson disease.

PubMed

Lo, Christine; Bandmann, Oliver

2017-01-01

Our understanding of the epidemiology of Wilson disease has steadily grown since Sternlieb and Scheinberg's first prevalence estimate of 5 per million individuals in 1968. Increasingly sophisticated genetic techniques have led to revised genetic prevalence estimates of 142 per million. Various population isolates exist where the prevalence of Wilson disease is higher still, the highest being 885 per million from within the mountainous region of Rucar in Romania. In Sardinia, where the prevalence of Wilson disease has been calculated at 370 per million births, six mutations account for around 85% of Wilson disease chromosomes identified. Significant variation in the patterns of presentation may however exist, even between individuals carrying the same mutations. At either extremes of presentation are an 8-month-old infant with abnormal liver function tests and individuals diagnosed in their eighth decade of life. Three main patterns of presentation have been recognized - hepatic, neurologic, and psychiatric - prompting their presentation to a diverse range of specialists. Deviations in the family history from the anticipated autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance, with apparent "pseudodominance" and mechanisms of inheritance that include uniparental isodisomy (the inheritance of both chromosomal copies from a single parent), may all further cloud the diagnosis. It can therefore take the efforts of an astute clinician with a high clinical index of suspicion to clinch the diagnosis of this eminently treatable condition. © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The overuse of serum ceruloplasmin measurement.

PubMed

Tapper, Elliot B; Rahni, David O; Arnaout, Ramy; Lai, Michelle

2013-10-01

Wilson disease is rare, found in 3 of 100,000 people (0.03%). Ceruloplasmin is often ordered to evaluate liver enzyme elevations. Because Wilson disease often presents before middle-age, the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease recommends screening patients between the ages of 3 and 55 years with liver abnormalities of uncertain cause. We evaluate guideline adherence and the clinical and economic impact of current clinical use of ceruloplasmin. We reviewed all ceruloplasmin measurements at a clinical laboratory that serves a large primary care network, specialty clinics, and a 600-bed tertiary referral center between January 1, 2003, and December 12, 2011. Ceruloplasmin was measured 5325 times in 5023 unique patients, resulting in 8 (0.16%) new Wilson disease diagnoses. Ceruloplasmin's positive predictive value was 8.4% (95% confidence interval, 7.7-9.3) and false-positive rate was 98.1% (95% confidence interval, 96.2-99.1). A total of 1109 ceruloplasmin levels (20.8%) were ordered in the 1066 patients aged more than 55 years (none with Wilson disease). A "shotgun" approach to liver disease diagnosis was found: Ceruloplasmin was ordered on the same day as hepatitis B (81.0%), hepatitis C (76.0%), autoimmune hepatitis (75.1%), and hemochromatosis (73.1%). Of 424 positive ceruloplasmin results, 91% were not pursued further. Guideline adherence restricts ceruloplasmin use to a population with a higher pre-test probability of Wilson disease: patients with chronic liver disease aged 3 to 55 years who have been tested for common causes of liver disease. The majority of the serum ceruloplasmin was measured in patients not indicated by the guidelines, resulting in poor test performance and wasted healthcare resources. Our data on ceruloplasmin use could serve as a touchstone for broader discussions on rational clinical decision making. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Liver transplantation for Wilson's disease in pediatric patients: decision making and timing.

PubMed

Narumi, S; Umehara, M; Toyoki, Y; Ishido, K; Kudo, D; Kimura, N; Kobayashi, T; Sugai, M; Hakamada, K

2012-03-01

Transplantation for Wilson's disease occupies 1/3 of the cases for metabolic diseases in Japan. At the end of 2009, 109 transplantations had been performed including three deceased donor cases in the Japanese registry. We herein discuss problems of transplantation for Wilson's disease as well as its indication, timing, and social care. We retrospectively reviewed four fulminant cases and two chronic cases who underwent living donor liver transplantation. There were two boys and two girls. Four adolescents of average age 11.3 years underwent living donor liver transplantation. Duration from onset to transplantation ranged from 10 to 23 days. Average Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score was 27.8 (range=24-31). All patients were administrated chelates prior to transplantation. MELD, New Wilson's index, Japanese scoring for liver transplantation, and liver atrophy were useful tools for transplantation decision making; however, none of them was an independent decisive tool. Clinical courses after transplantation were almost uneventful. One girl, however, developed an acute rejection episode due to noncompliance at 3 years after transplantation. All patients currently survive without a graft loss. No disease recurrence had been noted even using living related donors. Two adults evaluated for liver transplantation were listed for deceased donor liver transplantation. Both candidates developed cirrhosis despite long-term medical treatment. There were no appropriate living donors for them. There are many problems in transplantation for Wilson's disease. The indications for liver transplantation should be considered individually using some decision-making tools. The safety of the living donor should be paid the most attention. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Rescue of ATP7B function in hepatocyte-like cells from Wilson's disease induced pluripotent stem cells using gene therapy or the chaperone drug curcumin.

PubMed

Zhang, Shiqiang; Chen, Shen; Li, Wen; Guo, Xiangpeng; Zhao, Ping; Xu, Jianyong; Chen, Yan; Pan, Qiong; Liu, Xiaorong; Zychlinski, Daniela; Lu, Hai; Tortorella, Micky D; Schambach, Axel; Wang, Yan; Pei, Duanqing; Esteban, Miguel A

2011-08-15

Directed hepatocyte differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) potentially provides a unique platform for modeling liver genetic diseases and performing drug-toxicity screening in vitro. Wilson's disease is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene, whose product is a liver transporter protein responsible for coordinated copper export into bile and blood. Interestingly, the spectrum of ATP7B mutations is vast and can influence clinical presentation (a variable spectrum of hepatic and neural manifestations), though the reason is not well understood. We describe the generation of iPSCs from a Chinese patient with Wilson's disease that bears the R778L Chinese hotspot mutation in the ATP7B gene. These iPSCs were pluripotent and could be readily differentiated into hepatocyte-like cells that displayed abnormal cytoplasmic localization of mutated ATP7B and defective copper transport. Moreover, gene correction using a self-inactivating lentiviral vector that expresses codon optimized-ATP7B or treatment with the chaperone drug curcumin could reverse the functional defect in vitro. Hence, our work describes an attractive model for studying the pathogenesis of Wilson's disease that is valuable for screening compounds or gene therapy approaches aimed to correct the abnormality. In the future, once relevant safety concerns (including the stability of the mature liver-like phenotype) and technical issues for the transplantation procedure are solved, hepatocyte-like cells from similarly genetically corrected iPSCs could be an option for autologous transplantation in Wilson's disease.

[Wilsons disease].

PubMed

Mareček, Z; Brůha, R

2013-07-01

Wilsons disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder in which copper accumulates in tissues, especially in the liver and the brain. The genetic defect affects the P type ATPase gene (ATP7B). More than 500 mutations causing Wilsons disease have been described. The most common mutation in Central Europe concerns H1069Q. The symptoms of Wilsons disease include hepatic or neurological conditions. The hepatic condition is manifested as steatosis, acute or chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis. The neurological conditions are most often manifested after the age of 20 as motor disorders (tremor, speech and writing disorders), which may result in severe extrapyramidal syndrome with rigidity, dysarthria and muscle contractions. The dia-gnosis is based on clinical and laboratory assessments (neurological signs, liver lesions, low ceruloplasmin, increased free serum copper, high Cu volumes in urine, KayserFleischer ring). The dia-gnosis is confirmed by a high Cu level in liver tissue or genetic proof. Untreated Wilsons disease causes death of the patient. If treated properly the survival rate approximates to the survival rate of the common population. The treatment concerns either removal of copper from the body using chelating agents excreted into the urine (Penicillamine, Trientine) or limitation of copper absorption from the intestine and reducing the toxicity of copper (zinc, ammonium tetrathiomolybdate). In the Czech Republic, Penicillamine or zinc is used. A liver transplant is indicated in patients with fulminant hepatic failure or decompensated liver cirrhosis. In the family all siblings of the affected individual need to be screened in order to treat any asymptomatic subjects.

Hypersialorrhea in Wilson's Disease.

PubMed

Trocello, Jean-Marc; Osmani, Karima; Pernon, Michaela; Chevaillier, Gérard; de Brugière, Claire; Remy, Pascal; Wenisch, Emilie; Cousin, Catherine; Girardot-Tinant, Nadège; Woimant, France

2015-10-01

Hypersialorrhea, corresponding to excessive salivation is a symptom frequently reported in Wilson's disease, especially in its neurological form. The prevalence of this frequent complaint has not been often evaluated. During a 7-month period, 87 consecutive Wilson's disease patients answered to the simple question "do you have the sensation of excess saliva in your mouth?" to evaluate the frequency of this symptom. A sub-sample of 10 consecutive Wilson's disease patients with drooling was recruited to undergo quantitative and qualitative measures to evaluate the mechanism of hypersialorrhea. Excessive drooling or excess saliva was found in 46 % of patients followed at the French Reference Centre. Ninety-eight percent of them presented neurological symptoms and drooling was found in only one patient without neurological symptoms. Our study showed that patients with a complaint of excessive saliva produced significantly higher quantities of saliva at rest than controls. Endoscopic examination was abnormal in six patients. A significant decrease of swallowing frequency, longer swallow latencies, and poor swallowing capacities may partly explain the salivary stasis. Oropharyngeal sensitivity disorders were present in 50 % of our patients. The decrease of the swallowing frequency observed in all patients could be related to cognitive and behavioral abnormalities with initiation difficulties objectified by longer latencies triggered by all the ingested volumes. This study confirmed the hypothesis of a multifactorial origin of hypersialorrhea in patients who have been diagnosed in Wilson's disease. It was essential to evaluate drooling with a multidisciplinary consultation to better identify the underlying mechanisms and to implement strategies for speech therapy and therapeutic adaptation.

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry imaging of metals in experimental and clinical Wilson's disease

PubMed Central

Boaru, Sorina Georgiana; Merle, Uta; Uerlings, Ricarda; Zimmermann, Astrid; Flechtenmacher, Christa; Willheim, Claudia; Eder, Elisabeth; Ferenci, Peter; Stremmel, Wolfgang; Weiskirchen, Ralf

2015-01-01

Wilson's disease is an autosomal recessive disorder in which the liver does not properly release copper into bile, resulting in prominent copper accumulation in various tissues. Affected patients suffer from hepatic disorders and severe neurological defects. Experimental studies in mutant mice in which the copper-transporting ATPase gene (Atp7b) is disrupted revealed a drastic, time-dependent accumulation of hepatic copper that is accompanied by formation of regenerative nodes resembling cirrhosis. Therefore, these mice represent an excellent exploratory model for Wilson's disease. However, the precise time course in hepatic copper accumulation and its impact on other trace metals within the liver is yet poorly understood. We have recently established novel laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry protocols allowing quantitative metal imaging in human and murine liver tissue with high sensitivity, spatial resolution, specificity and quantification ability. By use of these techniques, we here aimed to comparatively analyse hepatic metal content in wild-type and Atp7b deficient mice during ageing. We demonstrate that the age-dependent accumulation of hepatic copper is strictly associated with a simultaneous increase in iron and zinc, while the intrahepatic concentration and distribution of other metals or metalloids is not affected. The same findings were obtained in well-defined human liver samples that were obtained from patients suffering from Wilson's disease. We conclude that in Wilson's disease the imbalances of hepatic copper during ageing are closely correlated with alterations in intrahepatic iron and zinc content. PMID:25704483

Further evidence for a sub-year magnetic chromospheric activity cycle and activity phase jumps in the planet host τ Boötis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schmitt, J. H. M. M.; Mittag, M.

2017-04-01

We examine the S-index data, obtained in the context of the Mount Wilson H&K project for the nearby F-type star τ Boo, for the presence of possible cyclic variations on timescales below one year and "phase jump" episodes in the observed S-index activity levels, to determine whether such features are persistent properties of the chromospheric activity of τ Boo and possibly other late-type stars. Within the Mount Wilson H&K project τ Boo was observed during 1278 individual nights, albeit with a very inhomogeneous coverage ranging from 2 to 137 observations per year. Our analysis shows that periodical variations with timescales on the order of 110-120 days are a persistent feature of the Mount Wilson data set. Furthermore we provide further examples of "phase jump" episodes, when the observed S-index activity drops from maximum to minimum levels on timescales of one to two weeks, hence such features also appear to occur on a more or less regular basis in τ Boo.

Increased sensitivity of apolipoprotein E knockout mice to copper-induced oxidative injury to the liver.

PubMed

Chen, Yuan; Li, Bin; Zhao, Ran-ran; Zhang, Hui-feng; Zhen, Chao; Guo, Li

2015-04-10

Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotypes are related to clinical presentations in patients with Wilson's disease, indicating that ApoE may play an important role in the disease. However, our understanding of the role of ApoE in Wilson's disease is limited. High copper concentration in Wilson's disease induces excessive generation of free oxygen radicals. Meanwhile, ApoE proteins possess antioxidant effects. We therefore determined whether copper-induced oxidative damage differ in the liver of wild-type and ApoE knockout (ApoE(-/-)) mice. Both wild-type and ApoE(-/-) mice were intragastrically administered with 0.2 mL of copper sulfate pentahydrate (200 mg/kg; a total dose of 4 mg/d) or the same volume of saline daily for 12 weeks, respectively. Copper and oxidative stress markers in the liver tissue and in the serum were assessed. Our results showed that, compared with the wild-type mice administered with copper, TBARS as a marker of lipid peroxidation, the expression of oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, and quinone 1 (NQO1) significantly increased in the ApoE(-/-) mice administered with copper, meanwhile superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity significantly decreased. Thus, it is concluded that ApoE may protect the liver from copper-induced oxidative damage in Wilson's disease. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Discontinuation of penicillamine in the absence of alternative orphan drugs (trientine-zinc): a case of decompensated liver cirrhosis in Wilson's disease.

PubMed

Ping, C C; Hassan, Y; Aziz, N A; Ghazali, R; Awaisu, A

2007-02-01

To report a case of early-decompensated liver cirrhosis secondary to discontinuation of penicillamine therapy in a patient with Wilson's disease. A 33-year-old Chinese female patient was diagnosed with Wilson's disease, for which penicillamine 250 mg p.o. once daily was prescribed. However, the patient developed intolerance and penicillamine was discontinued without alternative treatment. Five months later, she developed decompensated liver cirrhosis with hepatic encephalopathy. Eventually, the patient died because of the complications of sepsis and decompensated liver failure. Chelating agent is the mainstay of treatment in Wilson's disease, which is an inherited disorder of hepatic copper metabolism. Therapy must be instituted and continued for life once diagnosis is confirmed. Interruption of therapy can be fatal or cause irreversible relapse. Penicillamine given orally is the chelating agent of first choice. However, its unfavourable side-effects profile leads to discontinuation of therapy in 20-30% of patients. In most case reports, cessation of penicillamine without replacement treatment causes rapid progression to fulminant hepatitis, which is fatal unless liver transplantation is performed. In this, we highlight a case of discontinuation of penicillamine in a patient with Wilson's disease without substitution with alternative regimen. This was caused by unavailability of the alternative agents such as trientine in our country. Consequently, the patient progressed to decompensated liver cirrhosis with encephalopathy and eventually passed-away within 5 months. One recent study supports a combination of trientine and zinc in treating patient with decompensated liver cirrhosis. This combination is capable of reversing liver failure and prevents the need of liver transplantation. Both trientine and zinc are not registered in Malaysia. Therefore, liver transplantation was probably the only treatment option for this patient. Hence, non-availability of orphan drugs in clinical practice is certainly a subject of serious concern. Systems for better management of patients with rare diseases need to be instituted by all the institutions concerned.

[Fulminant Wilson's disease in Costa Rica. Clinico-pathological study of 7 cases].

PubMed

Herra, S A; Hevia, F J; Vargas, M; Schosinsky, K

1990-01-01

In the last eighteen years, from 1972 to 1989, around 150 cases of Wilson's disease have been diagnosed in Costa Rica (6/100.000 inhabitants). In the San Juan de Dios Hospital, 120 cases have been studied during this period, seven of whom died with a picture of acute hepatic insufficiency, hemolytic anemia, encephalopathy, intestinal bleeding and renal insufficiency. In four of the cases, postmortem histopathologic studies were done with high resolution microscopy, which revealed extensive submassive necrosis of the liver, with severe cholestatic, lytic and acidophilic necrosis with nodular, irregular regeneration and specially microvacuolar steatosis, different from that observed in other forms of fulminant hepatitis. With the clinical, laboratory and histopathologic findings, we concluded that fulminant Wilson's disease is a well-defined pathological clinical entity of fatal evolution with no response to therapy, including early treatment with penicillamine and steroids.

Hereditary whispering dysphonia.

PubMed Central

Parker, N

1985-01-01

An Australian family group is described where at least twenty members have inherited torsion dystonia and two siblings with an affected mother have similar clinical manifestations, but have also the biochemical and pathological changes found in Wilson's disease. Whispering dysphonia was the commonest presenting symptom, and a diagnosis of hysteria was invariably made if the family history was not known. This group emphasises the enormously varied ways in which torsion dystonia may be manifested in one family, and raises the possibility of a disturbance in copper transport in diseases of the basal ganglia other than Wilson's disease. Images PMID:3156966

Inhibitory rTMS applied on somatosensory cortex in Wilson's disease patients with hand dystonia.

PubMed

Lozeron, Pierre; Poujois, Aurélia; Meppiel, Elodie; Masmoudi, Sana; Magnan, Thierry Peron; Vicaut, Eric; Houdart, Emmanuel; Guichard, Jean-Pierre; Trocello, Jean-Marc; Woimant, France; Kubis, Nathalie

2017-10-01

Hand dystonia is a common complication of Wilson's disease (WD), responsible for handwriting difficulties and disability. Alteration of sensorimotor integration and overactivity of the somatosensory cortex have been demonstrated in dystonia. This study investigated the immediate after effect of an inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied over the somatosensory cortex on the writing function in WD patients with hand dystonia. We performed a pilot prospective randomized double-blind sham-controlled crossover rTMS study. A 20-min 1-Hz rTMS session, stereotaxically guided, was applied over the left somatosensory cortex in 13 WD patients with right dystonic writer's cramp. After 3 days, each patient was crossed-over to the alternative treatment. Patients were clinically evaluated before and immediately after each rTMS session with the Unified Wilson's Disease rating scale (UWDRS), the Writers' Cramp Rating Scale (WCRS), a specifically designed scale for handwriting difficulties in Wilson's disease patients (FAR, flow, accuracy, and rhythmicity evaluation), and a visual analog scale (VAS) for handwriting discomfort. No significant change in UWDRS, WCRS, VAS, or FAR scores was observed in patients treated with somatosensory inhibitory rTMS compared to the sham protocol. The FAR negatively correlated with UWDRS (r = -0.6; P = 0.02), but not with the WCRS score, disease duration, MRI diffusion lesions, or with atrophy scores. In our experimental conditions, a single inhibitory rTMS session applied over somatosensory cortex did not improve dystonic writer cramp in WD patients.

Ophthalmologic abnormalities in Mowat-Wilson syndrome and a mutation in ZEB2.

PubMed

Ariss, Michelle; Natan, Kristina; Friedman, Neil; Traboulsi, Elias I

2012-09-01

Mowat-Wilson syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by a distinct facial appearance, moderate-to-severe mental retardation, microcephaly, agenesis of the corpus callosum, Hirschsprung disease, congenital heart disease, and genital anomalies. Ophthalmological abnormalities have been rarely described in patients with this condition which is caused by mutations in the ZEB2 gene. We report a 9-year-old female with this syndrome who has severe ocular abnormalities including bilateral microphthalmia, cataract, and retinal aplasia.

Evaluation of Kayser-Fleischer ring in Wilson disease by anterior segment optical coherence tomography.

PubMed

Sridhar, Mittanamalli S; Rangaraju, Advithi; Anbarasu, Kavitha; Reddy, Sharat Putta; Daga, Sachin; Jayalakshmi, Sita; Shaik, Bajibhi

2017-05-01

The purpose of the study is to present anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) as an alternative method of evaluating Kayser-Fleischer (KF) ring in Wilson disease (WD) not only by ophthalmologists but also by other clinicians dealing with WD. This was a retrospective case series of six WD patients with KF ring. Evaluation of KF ring was done by naked eye examination using torch light, slit lamp biomicroscopy (SL), and AS-OCT. SL examination was done using a narrow slit of the superior cornea. AS-OCT was done using the Optovue RTvue PremierTM device (Fremont, CA, USA). AS-OCT revealed KF ring as an intense hyperreflective band at the level of Descemet membrane (DM). Color scale of AS-OCT showed KF ring as greenish/greenish yellow/orange yellow/yellowish/red band. Validation of AS-OCT findings was done by second ophthalmologist, medical gastroenterologist, surgical gastroenterologist, and neurophysician. After seeing the first observation, they could identify the AS-OCT features in all pictures with ease. This is the first observation of KF ring in WD on AS-OCT. On AS-OCT, KF ring is visualized as intense hyperreflectivity at the level of DM in the peripheral cornea. Further, studies are needed to evaluate the usefulness of AS-OCT in WD management.

Canine Models for Copper Homeostasis Disorders.

PubMed

Wu, Xiaoyan; Leegwater, Peter A J; Fieten, Hille

2016-02-04

Copper is an essential trace nutrient metal involved in a multitude of cellular processes. Hereditary defects in copper metabolism result in disorders with a severe clinical course such as Wilson disease and Menkes disease. In Wilson disease, copper accumulation leads to liver cirrhosis and neurological impairments. A lack in genotype-phenotype correlation in Wilson disease points toward the influence of environmental factors or modifying genes. In a number of Non-Wilsonian forms of copper metabolism, the underlying genetic defects remain elusive. Several pure bred dog populations are affected with copper-associated hepatitis showing similarities to human copper metabolism disorders. Gene-mapping studies in these populations offer the opportunity to discover new genes involved in copper metabolism. Furthermore, due to the relatively large body size and long life-span of dogs they are excellent models for development of new treatment strategies. One example is the recent use of canine organoids for disease modeling and gene therapy of copper storage disease. This review addresses the opportunities offered by canine genetics for discovery of genes involved in copper metabolism disorders. Further, possibilities for the use of dogs in development of new treatment modalities for copper storage disorders, including gene repair in patient-derived hepatic organoids, are highlighted.

Canine Models for Copper Homeostasis Disorders

PubMed Central

Wu, Xiaoyan; Leegwater, Peter A. J.; Fieten, Hille

2016-01-01

Copper is an essential trace nutrient metal involved in a multitude of cellular processes. Hereditary defects in copper metabolism result in disorders with a severe clinical course such as Wilson disease and Menkes disease. In Wilson disease, copper accumulation leads to liver cirrhosis and neurological impairments. A lack in genotype-phenotype correlation in Wilson disease points toward the influence of environmental factors or modifying genes. In a number of Non-Wilsonian forms of copper metabolism, the underlying genetic defects remain elusive. Several pure bred dog populations are affected with copper-associated hepatitis showing similarities to human copper metabolism disorders. Gene-mapping studies in these populations offer the opportunity to discover new genes involved in copper metabolism. Furthermore, due to the relatively large body size and long life-span of dogs they are excellent models for development of new treatment strategies. One example is the recent use of canine organoids for disease modeling and gene therapy of copper storage disease. This review addresses the opportunities offered by canine genetics for discovery of genes involved in copper metabolism disorders. Further, possibilities for the use of dogs in development of new treatment modalities for copper storage disorders, including gene repair in patient-derived hepatic organoids, are highlighted. PMID:26861285

Late onset Wilson's disease: therapeutic implications.

PubMed

Członkowska, Anna; Rodo, Maria; Gromadzka, Grazyna

2008-04-30

The clinical symptoms of Wilson's disease (WD) usually develop between 3 and 40 years of age and include signs of liver and/or neurologic and psychiatric disease. We report on an 84-year-old woman with WD. Despite the absence of treatment, the only symptom she presented with, until the age of 74 years, was Kayser-Fleisher rings. At the age of 74, she developed slightly abnormal liver function. This case raises the following issues: (a) Should WD be considered in all patients of all ages who manifest signs related to the disease? (b) Are ATP7B mutations fully penetrant? (c) Should all patients diagnosed presymptomatically receive anticopper therapy? (c) 2008 Movement Disorder Society.

Infectious Disease Specialist: What Is an Infectious Disease Specialist?

MedlinePlus

... More: Facts about ID Infectious Diseases Society of America 1300 Wilson Boulevard Suite 300 Arlington, VA 22209 | ... Us © Copyright IDSA 2018 Infectious Diseases Society of America Full Site Mobile Site

Facts about Infectious Diseases (ID)

MedlinePlus

... of microorganisms will emerge. Infectious Diseases Society of America 1300 Wilson Boulevard Suite 300 Arlington, VA 22209 | ... Us © Copyright IDSA 2018 Infectious Diseases Society of America Full Site Mobile Site

Liver disease

MedlinePlus

... Coccidioidomycosis Delta agent (hepatitis D) Drug-induced cholestasis Fatty liver disease Hemochromatosis Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C ... abscess Reye syndrome Sclerosing cholangitis Wilson disease Images Fatty liver, CT scan Liver with disproportional fattening, CT scan ...

Four-year follow-up of a Wilson disease pedigree complicated with epilepsy and hypopituitarism: Case report with a literature review.

PubMed

Zhang, Qi-Jie; Xu, Liu-Qing; Wang, Chong; Hu, Wei; Wang, Ning; Chen, Wan-Jin

2016-12-01

Wilson's disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder of copper metabolism with excellent prognosis if treated timely. However, WD is usually prone to neglect and misdiagnosis at an early stage. We reported a rare WD pedigree, and the clinical features, laboratory tests, and gene mutations were analyzed in detail. The patient was a 17-year-old and 136-cm-tall girl who presented with limb weakness, combined with multi-organ disorders including blind eye, epilepsy, and hypopituitarism. Clinical tests showed a low serum ceruloplasmin level, high urinary copper excretion and Kayser-Fleischer (K-F) rings. She carried a compound heterozygous mutations in ATP7B gene (c.2828G>A and c.3884C>T). Her younger brother, as an asymptomatic patient, manifested with elevation of transaminases but without neurological and hepatic symptoms. They were diagnosed as WD finally. They were treated with sodium dimercaptosulphonate, supplemented with zinc gluconate, vitamin B6, vitamin C, as well as restriction of dietary copper. The urinary copper excretion and serum transaminase level decreased gradually. The abnormal signals in brainstem and basal ganglia were also remarkably decreased after 4-year of de-copper treatment. As to the patients with complicated clinical manifestations, the extrapyramidal symptom and basal ganglia signals should be concerned. The serum ceruloplasmin detection and ATP7B gene mutation screening are necessary.

The "double panda" sign in Leigh disease.

PubMed

Sonam, Kothari; Bindu, P S; Gayathri, Narayanappa; Khan, Nahid Akhtar; Govindaraju, C; Arvinda, Hanumanthapura R; Nagappa, Madhu; Sinha, Sanjib; Thangaraj, K; Taly, Arun B

2014-07-01

Although the "face of the giant panda" sign on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is traditionally considered to be characteristic of Wilson disease, it has also been reported in other metabolic disorders. This study describes the characteristic "giant panda" sign on MRI in a child with Leigh disease. The diagnosis was based on the history of neurological regression; examination findings of oculomotor abnormalities, hypotonia, and dystonia; raised serum lactate levels; and characteristic brain stem and basal ganglia signal changes on MRI. The midbrain and pontine tegmental signal changes were consistent with the "face of the giant panda and her cub" sign. In addition to Wilson disease, metabolic disorders such as Leigh disease should also be considered in the differential diagnosis of this rare imaging finding. © The Author(s) 2013.

Basal ganglia dysfunction

MedlinePlus

... disease Metabolic problems Multiple sclerosis (MS) Poisoning with copper, manganese, or other heavy metals Stroke Tumors A ... the brain) Wilson disease (disorder causing too much copper in the body's tissues)

In the arc of history: AIHA and the movement to reform the Toxic Substances Control Act.

PubMed

Wilson, Michael P

2012-01-01

Dr. Michael P. Wilson of UC Berkeley delivered his keynote address before the general assembly of the American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Exhibition (AIHce) in Portland, Oregon, in May 2011. Here, Dr. Wilson again discusses the political and economic drivers of occupational disease in the United States and proposes a role for AIHA in helping to highlight and resolve them. He proposes that until these underlying drivers are acknowledged and ameliorated, the toll of occupational disease will persist, despite the hard work of industrial hygienists in the workplace. Among these drivers, Dr. Wilson points to the decline of labor rights and unionization; economic inequality; economic insecurity; political resistance to public health protections for workers, notably the OSHA and NIOSH programs; and weaknesses in the Federal Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 (TSCA). Of these, Dr. Wilson calls on the AIHA to participate in the historic effort to rewrite TSCA. He points to weaknesses in TSCA that have produced a chemicals market dominated by the function, price, and performance of chemicals, with little attention given to their health and environmental effects. Under these conditions, he argues, hazardous chemicals have remained economically competitive, and innovation in inherently safer chemicals-in green chemistry-has been held back by a lack of market transparency and public accountability in the industry. TSCA reform has the potential to shift the market toward green chemistry, with long-term implications for occupational disease prevention, industrial investment, and renewed energy in the industrial hygiene profession. Dr. Wilson proposes that, like previous legislative changes in the United States, TSCA reform is likely to occur in response to myriad social pressures, which include the emergence of the European Union's REACH regulation; recent chemicals policy actions in 18 U.S. states; growing support from downstream businesses; increasing public awareness; and a social movement that reaches across traditional boundaries. Dr. Wilson urges the AIHA to involve itself in this effort by building alliances with professional associations and other groups that share similar goals.

Cognitive profile in Wilson's disease: a case series of 31 patients.

PubMed

Wenisch, E; De Tassigny, A; Trocello, J-M; Beretti, J; Girardot-Tinant, N; Woimant, F

2013-12-01

Wilson's disease (WD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism. If untreated, WD, which is initially a liver disease, can turn into a multi-systemic disease with neurological involvement. Very few studies have described cognitive impairment in WD. The aim of this study is to report the cognitive profile of 31 treated WD patients. Patients were classed into two groups using the Unified Wilson Disease Rating Scale (UWDRS): WD patients without neurological signs (WD-N(-)) (n=13), and WD patients with neurological signs (WD-N(+)) (n=18). The patients participated in a neuropsychological assessment evaluating memory, executive function and visuo-spatial abilities. Both groups performed well for verbal intelligence and episodic memory skills. However, the majority of these patients exhibited altered performance for at least one cognitive test, particularly in the executive domain. The WD-N(+) group performed less well than the WD-N(-) group on cognitive tests involving rapid motor function, abstract thinking, working memory and top-down inhibitory control. Cognitive impairment in treated WD patients essentially affects executive function involving fronto-striatal circuits. Verbal intelligence and episodic memory abilities seem to be remarkably preserved. Neuropsychological assessment is a valuable tool to evaluate the presence and the consequences of these cognitive impairments in WD patients with or without neurological signs in the course of this chronic disease. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Wilson's disease-cause of mortality in 164 patients during 1992-2003 observation period.

PubMed

Członkowska, A; Tarnacka, B; Litwin, T; Gajda, J; Rodo, M

2005-06-01

We studied the cause of death in a consecutive series of 164 patients with Wilson's disease (WD) diagnosed over an 11 year period. A total of 20 [12% (95% CI 10.3-16.0)] died during the observation period. The relative survival rate of all patients in our group was statistically smaller than in Polish population. The main cause of death was the diagnosis in advanced stage of disease, but in six patients presenting with mild signs, we observed the progression of the disease despite treatment. There was no difference in mortality rate in patients treated with d-penicillamine or zinc sulphate as initial therapy. The prognosis for survival in the majority of WD patients is favourable, provided that therapy is introduced early.

Mismanagement of Wilson's disease as psychotic disorder.

PubMed

Bidaki, Reza; Zarei, Mina; Mirhosseini, S M Mahdy; Moghadami, Samar; Hejrati, Maral; Kohnavard, Marjan; Shariati, Behnam

2012-01-01

Wilson's disease (WD) or hepatolenticular degeneration is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder of copper metabolism (autosomal recessive, chromosome13). Psychiatric disorders in WD include dementia, characterized by mental slowness, poor concentration, and memory impairment. Symptoms may progress rapidly, especially in younger patients, but are more often gradual in development with periods of remission and exacerbation. Delusional disorder and schizophrenia-like psychosis are rare forms of psychiatric presentation. In this report, the patient with WD presented by psychosis symptoms and treated mistaken as schizophrenia for almost ten years. Although he has treated with antipsychotics, he had periods of remissions and relapses and never was symptoms free. Since psychosis can be the manifestation of medical diseases such as WD, overall view of these patients is necessary and medical diseases should be considered as a differential diagnosis.

Therapeutic Approach of a High Functioning Individual With Traumatic Brain Injury and Subsequent Emotional Volatility With Features of Pathological Laughter and Crying With Dextromethorphan/Quinidine.

PubMed

Garcia-Baran, Dynela; Johnson, Thomas M; Wagner, Joyce; Shen, Joann; Geers, Michelle

2016-03-01

Pathological laughing and crying, or pseudobulbar affect (PBA), has been described in patients with neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and traumatic brain injury (TBI) since the 19th century (Schiffer 2005). The syndrome is characterized by inappropriate episodes of laughing or crying after minor stimuli. It was first coined a disinhibition of cortical control by Kinnier Wilson in 1924. It was observed in brain disease and seen with mild TBI. It can impair social and occupational function and is largely underrecognized in clinical settings. PBA is usually treated with antidepressants and dopaminergic agents. In this case we treated a military recruit with TBI with Nuedexta-a dextromethorphan/Quinidine derivative with a subsequent decrease in his episodes.

Therapeutic Approach of a High Functioning Individual With Traumatic Brain Injury and Subsequent Emotional Volatility With Features of Pathological Laughter and Crying With Dextromethorphan/Quinidine

PubMed Central

Garcia-Baran, Dynela; Johnson, Thomas M.; Wagner, Joyce; Shen, Joann; Geers, Michelle

2016-01-01

Abstract Pathological laughing and crying, or pseudobulbar affect (PBA), has been described in patients with neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and traumatic brain injury (TBI) since the 19th century (Schiffer 2005). The syndrome is characterized by inappropriate episodes of laughing or crying after minor stimuli. It was first coined a disinhibition of cortical control by Kinnier Wilson in 1924. It was observed in brain disease and seen with mild TBI. It can impair social and occupational function and is largely underrecognized in clinical settings. PBA is usually treated with antidepressants and dopaminergic agents. In this case we treated a military recruit with TBI with Nuedexta—a dextromethorphan/Quinidine derivative with a subsequent decrease in his episodes. PMID:27015166

Phenotypic convergence of Menkes and Wilson disease.

PubMed

Bansagi, Boglarka; Lewis-Smith, David; Pal, Endre; Duff, Jennifer; Griffin, Helen; Pyle, Angela; Müller, Juliane S; Rudas, Gabor; Aranyi, Zsuzsanna; Lochmüller, Hanns; Chinnery, Patrick F; Horvath, Rita

2016-12-01

Menkes disease is an X-linked multisystem disorder with epilepsy, kinky hair, and neurodegeneration caused by mutations in the copper transporter ATP7A . Other ATP7A mutations have been linked to juvenile occipital horn syndrome and adult-onset hereditary motor neuropathy. 1,2 About 5%-10% of the patients present with "atypical Menkes disease" characterized by longer survival, cerebellar ataxia, and developmental delay. 2 The intracellular copper transport is regulated by 2 P type ATPase copper transporters ATP7A and ATP7B. These proteins are expressed in the trans-Golgi network that guides copper to intracellular compartments, and in copper excess, it relocates copper to the plasma membrane to pump it out from the cells. 3 ATP7B mutations cause Wilson disease with dystonia, ataxia, tremor, and abnormal copper accumulation in the brain, liver, and other organs. 4 .

Wilson Disease

MedlinePlus

... Process Research Training & Career Development Funded Grants & Grant History Research Resources Research at NIDDK Technology Advancement & Transfer Meetings & Workshops Health Information Diabetes Digestive ...

Wilson's Disease: a challenge of diagnosis. The 5-year experience of a tertiary centre.

PubMed

Gheorghe, Liana; Popescu, Irinel; Iacob, Speranta; Gheorghe, Cristian; Vaidan, Roxana; Constantinescu, Alexandra; Iacob, Razvan; Becheanu, Gabriel; Angelescu, Corina; Diculescu, Mircea

2004-09-01

Because molecular diagnosis is considered impractical and no patognomonic features have been described, diagnosis of Wilson's disease (WD) using clinical and biochemical findings is still challenging. We analysed predictive factors for the diagnosis in 55 patients with WD diagnosed in our centre between 1st January 1999 and 1st April 2004. All patients presented predominant liver disease classified as: 1) asymptomatic, found incidentally, 2) chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis, or 3) fulminant hepatic failure. Diagnosis was considered as classic (two out of the three following criteria: 1) serum ceruloplasmin < 20 mg/dl, 2) the presence of Kayser-Fleischer rings and/or 3) hepatic copper > 250 mg/g dry weight liver tissue), and non-classic (clinical manifestations plus laboratory parameters suggesting impaired copper metabolism). The association between the predictive factors and non-classic diagnosis was assessed based on the level of statistical significance (p value<0.05) associated with the chi-squared test in contingency tables. Multivariate analysis was performed by logistic regression using SPSS 10. There were 31 males (56.3%) and 24 females (43.7%) with the mean age at diagnosis of 20.92 +/- 9.97 years (4-52 years); 51 patients (92.7%) were younger than 40 years. Asymptomatic WD was diagnosed in 14 patients (25.4%), chronic liver disease due to WD in 29 patients (52.8%) and fulminant hepatic failure in 12 patients (21.8%). The classic diagnosis was made in 32 patients (58.18%). In the univariate analysis the non-classic diagnosis was associated with: age>18 years (p=0.03), increased copper excretion (p<0.0001), Coombs-negative hemolysis (p=0.03), absence of neurological manifestations (p<0.0001). Multivariate analysis identified age over 18 years, increased urinary copper, and isolated hepatic involvement as independent predictors. In clinical practice, WD should be considered also in patients who do not fulfil classic criteria. Independent factors associated with non-classic diagnosis were age over 18 years, increased cupruresis and isolated liver disease.

Reversible lesions in the brain parenchyma in Wilson's disease confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging: earlier administration of chelating therapy can reduce the damage to the brain.

PubMed

Kozić, Duško B; Petrović, Igor; Svetel, Marina; Pekmezović, Tatjana; Ragaji, Aleksandar; Kostić, Vladimir S

2014-11-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the resolution of brain lesions in patients with Wilson's disease during the long-term chelating therapy using magnetic resonance imaging and a possible significance of the time latency between the initial symptoms of the disease and the introduction of this therapy. Initial magnetic resonance examination was performed in 37 patients with proven neurological form of Wilson's disease with cerebellar, parkinsonian and dystonic presentation. Magnetic resonance reexamination was done 5.7 ± 1.3 years later in 14 patients. Patients were divided into: group A, where chelating therapy was initiated < 24 months from the first symptoms and group B, where the therapy started ≥ 24 months after the initial symptoms. Symmetry of the lesions was seen in 100% of patients. There was a significant difference between groups A and B regarding complete resolution of brain stem and putaminal lesions (P = 0.005 and P = 0.024, respectively). If the correct diagnosis and adequate treatment are not established less than 24 months after onset of the symptoms, irreversible lesions in the brain parenchyma could be expected. Signal abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging might therefore, at least in the early stages, represent reversible myelinolisis or cytotoxic edema associated with copper toxicity.

The pre- and post-accretion irradiation history of cometary ices

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chyba, Christopher; Sagan, Carl

1989-01-01

Comets Halley and Wilson exhibited similar 3.4 micron emission features at approx. 1 AU from the Sun. A simple model of thermal emission from organic grains fits the feature, provides optical depths in good agreement with spacecraft measurements, and explains the absence of longer-wavelength organic features as due to spectral heliocentric evolution (Chyba and Sagan, 1987). The model utilizes transmission spectra of organics synthesized in the laboratory by irradiation of candidate cometary ices; the authors have long noted that related gas-phase syntheses yield polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, among other organic residues (Sagan et al., 1967). The authors previously concluded (Chyba and Sagan, 1987) that Halley's loss of several meters' depth with each perihelion passage, combined with the good fit of the Halley 3.4 micron feature to that of comet Wilson (Allen and Wickramasinghe, 1987), argues for the primordial - but not necessarily interstellar - origin of cometary organics. The authors examine the relative importance to the formation of organics of the variety of radiation environments experienced by comets. They conclude that there is at present no compelling reason to choose any of three contributing mechanisms (pre-accretion UV, pre-accretion cosmic ray, and post-accretion radionuclide processing) as the most important.

Liver biopsy

MedlinePlus

... Primary biliary cirrhosis Primary biliary cholangitis Pyogenic liver abscess Reye syndrome Sclerosing cholangitis Wilson disease Risks Risks may include: Collapsed lung Complications from the sedation Injury to the gallbladder ...

College-age twins: university admission policies / twin research: birth weight and neuromotor performance; transfusion syndrome markers; vanishing twins and fetal sex determination; mz twin discordance for wilson's disease / media: big at birth; planned separation of conjoined twins; x factor twins; Cinema: the identical.

PubMed

Segal, Nancy L

2014-12-01

There is a lack of research findings addressing the unique college admissions issues faced by twins and other multiples. The advantages and disadvantage twins face, as reported by college administrators, twins and families are reviewed. Next, recent research addressing twins' birth weight and neuromotor performance, transfusion syndrome markers, the vanishing twin syndrome and monozygotic (MZ) twin discordance for Wilson's disease is described. News items concerning the birth of unusually large twins, the planned separation of conjoined twins, twin participants in the X Factor games and a film, The Identical, are also summarized.

Rapid and reliable diagnosis of Wilson disease using X-ray fluorescence.

PubMed

Kaščáková, Slávka; Kewish, Cameron M; Rouzière, Stéphan; Schmitt, Françoise; Sobesky, Rodolphe; Poupon, Joël; Sandt, Christophe; Francou, Bruno; Somogyi, Andrea; Samuel, Didier; Jacquemin, Emmanuel; Dubart-Kupperschmitt, Anne; Nguyen, Tuan Huy; Bazin, Dominique; Duclos-Vallée, Jean-Charles; Guettier, Catherine; Le Naour, François

2016-07-01

Wilson's disease (WD) is a rare autosomal recessive disease due to mutations of the gene encoding the copper-transporter ATP7B. The diagnosis is hampered by the variability of symptoms induced by copper accumulation, the inconstancy of the pathognomonic signs and the absence of a reliable diagnostic test. We investigated the diagnostic potential of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) that allows quantitative analysis of multiple elements. Studies were performed on animal models using Wistar rats (n = 10) and Long Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats (n = 11), and on human samples including normal livers (n = 10), alcohol cirrhosis (n = 8), haemochromatosis (n = 10), cholestasis (n = 6) and WD (n = 22). XRF experiments were first performed using synchrotron radiation to address the elemental composition at the cellular level. High-resolution mapping of tissue sections allowed measurement of the intensity and the distribution of copper, iron and zinc while preserving the morphology. Investigations were further conducted using a laboratory X-ray source for irradiating whole pieces of tissue. The sensitivity of XRF was highlighted by the discrimination of LEC rats from wild type even under a regimen using copper deficient food. XRF on whole formalin-fixed paraffin embedded needle biopsies allowed profiling of the elements in a few minutes. The intensity of copper related to iron and zinc significantly discriminated WD from other genetic or chronic liver diseases with 97.6% specificity and 100% sensitivity. This study established a definite diagnosis of Wilson's disease based on XRF. This rapid and versatile method can be easily implemented in a clinical setting.

Hepatitis A through E (Viral Hepatitis)

MedlinePlus

... Treatment Eating, Diet, & Nutrition Clinical Trials Wilson Disease Hepatitis (Viral) View or Print All Sections What is Viral Hepatitis? Viral hepatitis is an infection that causes liver inflammation ...

Wilson Disease

MedlinePlus

... mutated form causes WD, should lead to the design of better therapies for this disorder. Information from ... Outcomes Data Training & Career Development High School, Undergraduate, & Post-Baccalaureate Predoctoral Fellows Postdoctoral Fellows Clinician-Scientists Faculty ...

[A primer on Wilson disease for the general practitioner].

PubMed

Hiroz, Philippe; Antonino, Anca; Doerig, Christopher; Pache, Isabelle; Moradpour, Darius

2011-09-07

Wilson disease (WD) is an inherited disorder of hepatic copper excretion leading to toxic accumulation of copper in the liver as well as the brain, cornea, and other organs. The defect is due to mutations of the copper-transporting ATPase ATP7B. Clinical manifestations are highly variable and comprise acute liver failure, chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis as well as neurological or psychiatric symptoms. The Kayser-Fleischer corneal ring is pathognomonic but absent in about 50% of patients with hepatic manifestations alone. A high index of suspicion in clinically compatible situations is key, with a combination of laboratory tests allowing the diagnosis of WD. Treatment is based on the use of chelating agents, D-penicillamine or trientine. Liver transplantation should be considered for patients with acute liver failure or advanced cirrhosis.

Symptomatic treatment of neurologic symptoms in Wilson disease.

PubMed

Litwin, Tomasz; Dušek, Petr; Członkowska, Anna

2017-01-01

Wilson disease (WD) is a potentially treatable neurodegenerative disorder. In the majority of cases, treatment with drugs that induce a negative copper balance (usually chelators or zinc salts) leads to improvements in liver function and neurologic signs. However, some patients show severe neurologic symptoms at diagnosis, such as tremor, dystonia, parkinsonism, and chorea. In this patient group, some neurologic deficits may persist despite adequate treatment, and further neurologic deterioration may be observed after treatment initiation. Such patients may require additional treatment to alleviate neurologic symptoms. Apart from general recommendations for WD anticopper treatment, there are currently no guidelines for managing neurologic symptoms in WD. The aim of this chapter is to summarize possible treatments of neurologic symptoms in WD based on the presently available medical literature. © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The Wilson films--Huntington's chorea.

PubMed

Klein, Christine

2011-12-01

Wilson's Queen Square Case 9 with Huntington's chorea shows a 68-year-old man with mild to moderate generalized chorea, impaired fixation, and probable cognitive decline in keeping with a diagnosis of Huntington's disease (HD). An age of onset in the late sixties and a negative family history suggest a relatively small expanded trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene in the patient and reduced penetrance of an even shorter repeat allele in one of his parents. A highly sensitive and specific gene test has been offered worldwide for diagnostic testing of HD for almost two decades. This test, obviously unavailable at Wilson's times, became the historic frontrunner for guidelines of symptomatic, presymptomatic, and prenatal testing for an adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder. Regarding treatment of HD, however, we are still awaiting the successful translation of research results into the development of effective cause-directed, neuropreventive and neurorestaurative therapies. Copyright © 2011 Movement Disorder Society.

Wilson disease

MedlinePlus

... for themselves may need special protective measures. A liver transplant may be considered in cases where the liver ... anemia is rare) Central nervous system complications Cirrhosis Death of liver tissues Fatty liver Hepatitis Increased number ...

[Treatable diseases of the nervous system with cataract formation].

PubMed

Baumgartner, R W; Waespe, W

1993-02-01

The detection of a cataract in combination with a neurological deficit may provide the physician with important diagnostic help. But a minority of underlying diseases (angiokeratoma corporis diffusum, cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, diabetes mellitus, galactosemia, hypocalcemia, Refsum's disease, Wilson's disease; Charles Bonnet syndrome; relapsing Perichondritis; adverse effects of medication and intoxications) can be treated causally. Therefore they are summed up and discussed in this paper.

Clusterin (Apolipoprotein J), a Molecular Chaperone That Facilitates Degradation of the Copper-ATPases ATP7A and ATP7B*

PubMed Central

Materia, Stephanie; Cater, Michael A.; Klomp, Leo W. J.; Mercer, Julian F. B.; La Fontaine, Sharon

2011-01-01

The copper-transporting P1B-type ATPases (Cu-ATPases) ATP7A and ATP7B are key regulators of physiological copper levels. They function to maintain intracellular copper homeostasis by delivering copper to secretory compartments and by trafficking toward the cell periphery to export excess copper. Mutations in the genes encoding ATP7A and ATP7B lead to copper deficiency and toxicity disorders, Menkes and Wilson diseases, respectively. This report describes the interaction between the Cu-ATPases and clusterin and demonstrates a chaperone-like role for clusterin in facilitating their degradation. Clusterin interacted with both ATP7A and ATP7B in mammalian cells. This interaction increased under conditions of oxidative stress and with mutations in ATP7B that led to its misfolding and mislocalization. A Wilson disease patient mutation (G85V) led to enhanced ATP7B turnover, which was further exacerbated when cells overexpressed clusterin. We demonstrated that clusterin-facilitated degradation of mutant ATP7B is likely to involve the lysosomal pathway. The knockdown and overexpression of clusterin increased and decreased, respectively, the Cu-ATPase-mediated copper export capacity of cells. These results highlight a new role for intracellular clusterin in mediating Cu-ATPase quality control and hence in the normal maintenance of copper homeostasis, and in promoting cell survival in the context of disease. Based on our findings, it is possible that variations in clusterin expression and function could contribute to the variable clinical expression of Menkes and Wilson diseases. PMID:21242307

Dynamics and the Wilson Cycle: An EarthScope vision

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ebinger, Cynthia; Humphreys, Eugene; Williams, Michael; van der Lee, Suzan; Levin, Vadim; Webb, Laura; Becker, Thorsten

2017-04-01

Wilson's model has two major components, each with distinctive observables. Initial subduction of ocean lithosphere collides continents across a closing ocean basin, creating a mountain range; rifting then initiates within the collisional orogeny and progresses to create oceanic spreading and creation of a new ocean basin. Subduction eventually initiates near the old, cold, and heavily sedimented continental margin, leading to subduction, and repeating the cycle. This model is largely kinematic in nature, and predictive in application. We re-evaluate the Wilson Cycle in light of process-oriented perspectives afforded by the surface to mantle Earthscope results. Repeating episodes of mountain building by means of continental collisions remains clear, but new observations augment or diverge from Wilson's concepts. A 'new' component stems from observations from both the East and West coasts: translational fault systems played critical roles in continental accretion, collision, and rifting. Earthscope data sets also have enabled imaging of the structure of western U.S. lithosphere with unprecedented detail. From new and existing data sets, we conclude that collision occurs in 'ribbons' in large part linked to the shapes of the landmasses colliding landmasses, and deformation includes a major component of transform tectonics. Post-orogenic gravitational collapse may occur far inboard of the site of collision. A third 'new' feature is that plate coupling with the mantle leads to deformation outside the classic Wilson Cycle. For example, the passive margin of eastern N. America shows tectonic activity, uplift, and magmatism long after the onset of seafloor spreading, demonstrating the dynamic nature of lithosphere-asthenosphere coupling. A 'fourth' observation is that lateral density contrasts and volatile migration during subduction and collision effectively refertilize mantle lithosphere, and pre-condition later tectonic cycles.

Accuracy of the radioactive copper incorporation test in the diagnosis of Wilson disease.

PubMed

Członkowska, Anna; Rodo, Maria; Wierzchowska-Ciok, Agata; Smolinski, Lukasz; Litwin, Tomasz

2018-02-08

In Wilson disease (WD), copper accumulates in the liver and other tissues because of mutations in the ATP7B copper transporter gene. Early and effective anticopper treatment is crucial. However, routine diagnostic methods based on clinical findings, copper metabolism tests, liver biopsies and DNA analyses do not always provide a conclusive diagnosis. The aim was to evaluate radioactive copper incorporation as a diagnostic test. We included cases with a diagnosis of WD supported by radiocopper testing and later, when available, confirmed by DNA analysis. Incorporation of 64 Cu was measured at 2, 24 and 48 hours following intravenous injection. Diagnostic accuracy (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]), sensitivity, specificity and predictive value were assessed for 24 hours/2 hours and 48 hours/2 hours 64 Cu ratios and compared with serum measurements of ceruloplasmin, copper, non-ceruloplasmin-bound copper and urinary 24-hours copper excretion. Patients having two pathogenic ATP7B mutations (homozygotes/compound heterozygotes) (n = 74) had significantly lower 24 hours/2 hours and 48 hours/2 hours 64 Cu ratios than heterozygote controls (n = 21) (mean 0.14 and 0.12 vs 0.49 and 0.63, respectively; both P < .001). Of note, 24 hours/2 hours and 48 hours/2 hours 64 Cu ratios had excellent diagnostic accuracy, with AUCs approaching 1, and only 24-hours urinary copper excretion displayed similar positive features. Other copper metabolism tests studied had lower accuracy, specificity and sensitivity. The radioactive copper test had excellent diagnostic accuracy and may be useful in the evaluation of new therapies aimed at restoring ATP7B function. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Neurological features and management of Wilson disease in children: an evaluation of 12 cases

PubMed Central

Bayram, Ayşe Kaçar; Gümüş, Hakan; Arslan, Duran; Özçora, Güldemet Kaya; Kumandaş, Sefer; Karacabey, Neslihan; Canpolat, Mehmet; Per, Hüseyin

2016-01-01

Aim: Wilson’s disease is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism which leads to copper overload in different tissues of the body. The aim of this study was to present the neurologic features of Wilson’s disease and to assess the clinical course of neurological findings in children receiving anti-copper treatment. Material and Methods: Twelve children with a diagnosis of Wilson’s disease and findings of central nervous system involvement who were followed up in the Department of Pediatric Neurology and Pediatric Gastroenterology of the School of Medicine at Erciyes University were enrolled in the study. Results: The study cases consisted of five boys (42%) and seven girls (58%). The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 9.9±3.4 years (5–15 years). The mean duration of follow-up was 49.0±36.4 months (15–128 months). Neurological findings at presentation included headache in seven cases (58%), tremor in seven cases (58%), dystonia in three cases (25%), ataxia in two cases (17%), dizziness in two cases (17%), numbness in the hands and acute weakness in one case (8%) and syncope in one case (8%). Headache, dizziness, syncope, numbness in hands and acute weakness symptoms resolved completely within six months after receiving treatment. Movement disorders either decreased or remained stable in seven of the eight cases. However, one patient developed progressively worsening dystonia despite to all treatments. Conclusions: Wilson’s disease can be manifested with signs and symptoms of central nervous system in the childhood. Wilson’s disease should be considered in all children presenting with movement disorders. A complete neurological assessment should be carried out in all cases with Wilson’s disease. PMID:27103860

Fungal Diseases: Ringworm Risk & Prevention

MedlinePlus

... H, Parish LC. Manual of Medical Mycology, Blackwell Science, Cambridge 1995. p.36. Wilson EK, Deweber K, Berry JW, Wilckens JH. Cutaneous infections in wrestlers. Sports health 2013;5:423-37. Pecci M, Comeau ...

Wilson and the United States Entry into the Great War.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stark, Matthew J.

2002-01-01

Presents a lesson plan that enables students to learn how to analyze primary sources, while they also learn why the United States entered into World War I. States that this lesson can be used as an introduction to World War I. Includes handouts that feature primary materials. (CMK)

Urinary Copper Elevation in a Mouse Model of Wilson's Disease Is a Regulated Process to Specifically Decrease the Hepatic Copper Load

PubMed Central

Gray, Lawrence W.; Peng, Fangyu; Molloy, Shannon A.; Pendyala, Venkata S.; Muchenditsi, Abigael; Muzik, Otto; Lee, Jaekwon; Kaplan, Jack H.; Lutsenko, Svetlana

2012-01-01

Body copper homeostasis is regulated by the liver, which removes excess copper via bile. In Wilson's disease (WD), this function is disrupted due to inactivation of the copper transporter ATP7B resulting in hepatic copper overload. High urinary copper is a diagnostic feature of WD linked to liver malfunction; the mechanism behind urinary copper elevation is not fully understood. Using Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) imaging of live Atp7b−/− mice at different stages of disease, a longitudinal metal analysis, and characterization of copper-binding molecules, we show that urinary copper elevation is a specific regulatory process mediated by distinct molecules. PET-CT and atomic absorption spectroscopy directly demonstrate an age-dependent decrease in the capacity of Atp7b−/− livers to accumulate copper, concomitant with an increase in urinary copper. This reciprocal relationship is specific for copper, indicating that cell necrosis is not the primary cause for the initial phase of metal elevation in the urine. Instead, the urinary copper increase is associated with the down-regulation of the copper-transporter Ctr1 in the liver and appearance of a 2 kDa Small Copper Carrier, SCC, in the urine. SCC is also elevated in the urine of the liver-specific Ctr1 −/− knockouts, which have normal ATP7B function, suggesting that SCC is a normal metabolite carrying copper in the serum. In agreement with this hypothesis, partially purified SCC-Cu competes with free copper for uptake by Ctr1. Thus, hepatic down-regulation of Ctr1 allows switching to an SCC-mediated removal of copper via kidney when liver function is impaired. These results demonstrate that the body regulates copper export through more than one mechanism; better understanding of urinary copper excretion may contribute to an improved diagnosis and monitoring of WD. PMID:22802922

How Is Wilson Disease Inherited?

MedlinePlus

... ATP7B gene have been identified thus far. Testing Methods Available Linkage analysis (Haplotype analysis) Molecular genetic testing ... genetic counselor who can carefully discuss the best method of testing to perform and the benefits, limitations, ...

Lab Tracker and Copper Calculator

MedlinePlus

... Wilson's disease patients? If the water is over 0.1 ppm (parts per million) (which is 0.1 mg/L), I recommend an alternative source. While 0.1 ppm isn't particularly hazardous, it indicates that ...

American Kidney Fund

MedlinePlus

... Carolyn Wilson Scholarship Program Grants Managements System (GMS) Login Education & Research Patient webinars Become a kidney health ... Blog Newsroom Contact Us HelpLine En Español GMS Login Give Monthly Give In Honor Donate Kidney Disease ...

Tests for Kidney Health

MedlinePlus

... Carolyn Wilson Scholarship Program Grants Managements System (GMS) Login Education & Research Webinars Become a Kidney Health Coach ... Blog Newsroom Contact Us HelpLine En Español GMS Login Give Monthly Give In Honor Donate Kidney Disease ...

Selective ion exchange governed by the Irving-Williams series in K2Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2 nanoparticles: toward a designer prodrug for Wilson's disease.

PubMed

Kandanapitiye, Murthi S; Wang, Fan Jennifer; Valley, Benjamin; Gunathilake, Chamila; Jaroniec, Mietek; Huang, Songping D

2015-02-16

The principle of the Irving-Williams series is applied to the design of a novel prodrug based on K2Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2 nanoparticles (ZnPB NPs) for Wilson's disease (WD), a rare but fatal genetic disorder characterized by the accumulation of excess copper in the liver and other vital organs. The predetermined ion-exchange reaction rather than chelation between ZnPB NPs and copper ions leads to high selectivity of such NPs for copper in the presence of the other endogenous metal ions. Furthermore, ZnPB NPs are highly water-dispersible and noncytotoxic and can be readily internalized by cells to target intracellular copper ions for selective copper detoxification, suggesting their potential application as a new-generation treatment for WD.

Is blinking of the eyes affected in extrapyramidal disorders? An interesting observation in a patient with Wilson disease.

PubMed

Verma, Rajesh; Lalla, Rakesh; Patil, Tushar B

2012-11-27

Blinking of eye is a routine human activity which seldom attracts any attention of clinicians in health and disease. There is experimental evidence that blink rate is affected in extrapyramidal disorders affecting the balance of these neurotransmitters. However, no observations regarding blink rate in Wilson disease (WD) have been reported previously. We report a patient of WD with an increased spontaneous blink rate. A 24-year-old lady presented complaining of tremulousness of both upper limbs and head for 2 years, dysphagia and difficulty in speaking for 1.5 years and abnormal behaviour for last 1 year. We observed that her blink rate at rest was 32/min. Serum ceruloplasmin level was low (0.08 g/l). The patient was started on therapy with D-penicillamine, zinc sulphate, levodopa-carbidopa and trihexiphenidyl. At 1-month follow-up, patient's tremors were markedly decreased and blink rate at rest was decreased to 12/min.

"What do these women want?": Feminist responses to Feminine Forever, 1963-1980.

PubMed

Houck, Judith A

2003-01-01

In 1963, Brooklyn gynecologist Robert A. Wilson and his wife, Thelma, published a paper in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society arguing that untreated menopause robbed women of their femininity and ruined the quality of their lives. In 1966 Robert Wilson published a best-selling book, Feminine Forever, in which he maintained that menopause was an estrogen-deficiency disease that should be treated with estrogen replacement therapy to prevent the otherwise inevitable "living decay." This paper explores the issues raised by the convergence of Wilson's campaign and the emergence of the women's movement. Between 1963 and 1980, feminists did not respond with one voice to Wilson's ideas: at first, some embraced them as a boon for aging women, while others resisted regarding female aging as pathological. In 1975, studies linking ERT and endometrial cancer challenged the wisdom of routine hormone therapy; this shifted the tenor of the feminist discussion, but it did not create a consensus about the meaning of menopause or its treatment. Nevertheless, the feminist discussion of menopause revealed a larger women's health agenda-namely, the unyielding belief that women should retain control of their bodies and participate fully in the decision-making efforts regarding their health. By controlling their bodies, all women, whether feminist or not, could ultimately control their lives.

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Support for the American Expeditionary Forces by the US Army Medical Corps During World War I.

PubMed

Wright, James R; Baskin, Leland B

2015-09-01

Historical research on pathology and laboratory medicine services in World War I has been limited. In the Spanish American War, these efforts were primarily focused on tropical diseases. World War I problems that could be addressed by pathology and laboratory medicine were strikingly different because of the new field of clinical pathology. Geographic differences, changing war tactics, and trench warfare created new issues. To describe the scope of pathology and laboratory medicine services in World War I and the value these services brought to the war effort. Available primary and secondary sources related to American Expeditionary Forces' laboratory services were analyzed and contrasted with the British and German approaches. The United States entered the war in April 1917. Colonel Joseph Siler, MD, a career medical officer, was the director, and Colonel Louis B. Wilson, MD, head of pathology at the Mayo Clinic, was appointed assistant director of the US Army Medical Corps Division of Laboratories and Infectious Disease, based in Dijon, France. During the next year, they organized 300 efficient laboratories to support the American Expeditionary Forces. Autopsies were performed to better understand treatment of battlefield injuries, effects of chemical warfare agents, and the influenza pandemic; autopsies also generated teaching specimens for the US Army Medical Museum. Bacteriology services focused on communicable diseases. Laboratory testing for social diseases was very aggressive. Significant advances in blood transfusion techniques, which allowed brief blood storage, occurred during the war but were not primarily overseen by laboratory services. Both Siler and Wilson received Distinguished Service Medals. Wilson's vision for military pathology services helped transform American civilian laboratory services in the 1920s.

DefenseLink Feature: Travels with Mullen

Science.gov Websites

Publications Websites Employees 28th National Veterans Wheelchair Games Games Provide Therapy, Fun for Disabled pool at the 28th National Veterans Wheelchair Games in Omaha, Neb. Department of Veterans Affairs photo Wheelchair Games. Story Tyler Wilson, a disabled veteran from Thornton, Colo., takes aim during the archery

Road Maps for Learning: A Bird's Eye View

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dunne, Timothy T.

2011-01-01

The notion of the road map, advocated by Black, Wilson, and Yao (2011), and the associated minutiae of the construct map have several powerful features. At one level these notions assist the teacher to select and embody a suitable sequence of constructs within a specified curriculum. Whatever disparate sequenced pathways individual learners may…

Acute focal dystonia induced by a tricyclic antidepressant in a patient with Wilson disease: a case report.

PubMed

Litwin, T; Chabik, G; Członkowska, A

2013-01-01

The authors present the case of a 19-year-old patient with Wilson disease (WD) who developed symptoms of acute focal dystonia of the left hand (a 'starfish' hand presentation) shortly after treatment with the tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine. The diagnosis of WD was made 8 months earlier based on abnormal copper metabolism parameters and was confirmed by genetic testing. Initially, the patient presented with akathisia, sialorrhea, oromandibular dystonia (occasionally grimacing) and slight dysarthria. The patient's symptoms diminished after treatment with d-penicillamine was initiated. No further deterioration was observed after copper-chelating therapy was started. The authors diagnosed acute focal dystonia induced by clomipramine. Botulinum toxin and intensive rehabilitation was initiated; complete regression of hand dystonia was observed. Based on the case, the authors suggest that care should be exercised with regard to starting medications that could potentially impact the extrapyramidal system in WD patients.

Spectrum of the Wilson Dirac operator at finite lattice spacings

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Akemann, G.; Damgaard, P. H.; Splittorff, K.

2011-04-15

We consider the effect of discretization errors on the microscopic spectrum of the Wilson Dirac operator using both chiral perturbation theory and chiral random matrix theory. A graded chiral Lagrangian is used to evaluate the microscopic spectral density of the Hermitian Wilson Dirac operator as well as the distribution of the chirality over the real eigenvalues of the Wilson Dirac operator. It is shown that a chiral random matrix theory for the Wilson Dirac operator reproduces the leading zero-momentum terms of Wilson chiral perturbation theory. All results are obtained for a fixed index of the Wilson Dirac operator. The low-energymore » constants of Wilson chiral perturbation theory are shown to be constrained by the Hermiticity properties of the Wilson Dirac operator.« less

Daily survival rate and habitat characteristics of nests of Wilson's Plover

USGS Publications Warehouse

Zinsser, Elizabeth; Sanders, Felicia J.; Gerard, Patrick D.; Jodice, Patrick G.R.

2017-01-01

We assessed habitat characteristics and measured daily survival rate of 72 nests of Charadrius wilsonia (Wilson's Plover) during 2012 and 2013 on South Island and Sand Island on the central coast of South Carolina. At both study areas, nest sites were located at slightly higher elevations (i.e., small platforms of sand) relative to randomly selected nearby unused sites, and nests at each study area also appeared to be situated to enhance crypsis and/or vigilance. Daily survival rate (DSR) of nests ranged from 0.969 to 0.988 among study sites and years, and the probability of nest survival ranged from 0.405 to 0.764. Flooding and predation were the most common causes of nest failure at both sites. At South Island, DSR was most strongly related to maximum tide height, which suggests that flooding and overwash may be common causes of nest loss for Wilson's Plovers at these study sites. The difference in model results between the 2 nearby study sites may be partially due to more-frequent flooding at Sand Island because of some underlying yet unmeasured physiographic feature. Remaining data gaps for the species include regional assessments of nest and chick survival and habitat requirements during chick rearing.

The Virtues in John Wilson's Approach to Moral Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tobin, Bernadette

2000-01-01

Explores John Wilson's ideas on moral education, arguing against Wilson's criticism of virtue theory. Evaluates Wilson's account of moral education from the perspective of a neo-Aristotelian sense of morality and moral development. Focuses on a part of Wilson's work, "A New Introduction to Moral Education." (CMK)

De novo autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation.

PubMed

Lohse, Ansgar W; Weiler-Norman, Christina; Burdelski, Martin

2007-10-01

The Kings College group was the first to describe a clinical syndrome similar to autoimmune hepatitis in children and young adults transplanted for non-immune mediated liver diseases. They coined the term "de novo autoimmune hepatitis". Several other liver transplant centres confirmed this observation. Even though the condition is uncommon, patients with de novo AIH are now seen in most of the major transplant centres. The disease is usually characterized by features of acute hepatitis in otherwise stable transplant recipients. The most characteristic laboratory hallmark is a marked hypergammaglobulinaemia. Autoantibodies are common, mostly ANA. We described also a case of LKM1-positivity in a patients transplanted for Wilson's disease, however this patients did not develop clinical or histological features of AIH. Development of SLA/LP-autoantibodies is also not described. Therefore, serologically de novo AIH appears to correspond to type 1 AIH. Like classical AIH patients respond promptly to treatment with increased doses of prednisolone and azathioprine, while the calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine or tacrolimus areof very limited value - which is not surprising, as almost all patients develop de novo AIH while receiving these drugs. Despite the good response to treatment, most patients remain a clinical challenge as complete stable remissions are uncommon and flares, relapses and chronic disease activity can often occur. Pathogenetically this syndrome is intriguing. It is not clear, if the immune response is directed against allo-antigens, neo-antigens in the liver, or self-antigens, possibly shared by donor and host cells. It is very likely that the inflammatory milieu due to alloreactive cells in the transplanted organ contribute to the disease process. Either leading to aberrant antigen presentation, or providing co-stimulatory signals leading to the breaking of self-tolerance. The development of this disease in the presence of treatment with calcineurin inhibitors supports the view held by most specialists in autoimmune hepatitis that these drugs, even though effective in acute disease, are not helpful in the long-term management of autoimmune liver diseases.

The 3.4 micron emission in comets

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brooke, Tim Y.; Knacke, Roger F.; Owen, T. C.; Tokunaga, Alan T.

1989-01-01

Emission features near 3.4 microns were detected in comet Bradfield (1987s) on 17 Nov. 1987 UT, and, marginally, on two earlier dates, with the Cooled Grating Array Spectrometer at the NASA Infrared Radio Telescope Facility (IRTF) (Brooke et al., 1988b). The central wavelength (3.36 microns) and width (approx. 0.15 microns) of the strongest feature coincide with those observed in comet Halley. A weaker emission feature at 3.52 microns and a strong feature extending shortward of 2.9 microns were also detected. This brings the number of comets in which these three features have been seen to three, two new (Bradfield, Wilson) and one old (Halley). It seems almost certain that the 3.4 micron features are emissions by C-H groups in complex molecules. Based on the similarity of the 3.4 micron features in comets Halley and Wilson, the authors suggest that a particular set of organic compounds may be common to all comets (Brooke et al. 1988a). The absence of the feature in some comets could then be due to photodestruction or evaporation of the organics when the comet approaches the sun, in combination with a predominance of thermal emission from non C-H emitting grains. Detection of the 3.4 micron emission feature in comet Bradfield at 4 = 0.9 AU provides support for this argument. Complex organics in comets could have been formed by particle irradiation of parent ices in the nucleus or been incorporated as grains at the time the comets formed. Since the most heavily irradiated layers of Halley would have been lost in its hundreds of perihelion passages, the authors believe the more likely explanation is that the 3.4 micron emitting material was incorporated in comet nuclei at the time of formation. The 3.4 micron comet feature resembles, but is not identical to, the interstellar 3.29 micron (and longer wavelength) emission features and the broad 3.4 micron feature seen in absorption toward the Galactic center. Detailed comparisons of cometary and interstellar organics will require comet spectra with signal-to-noise and spectral resolution comparable to that available in spectra of the interstellar medium. Such observations are currently being planned.

Using XAS and SXRF to Study Copper in Wilson Disease at the Molecular and Tissue Level

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ralle, Martina; Blackburn, Ninian J.; Lutsenko, Svetlana

2007-02-01

Wilson disease (WD) is a genetic disorder of copper metabolism associated with severe hepatic, neurological, and psychiatric abnormalities. In WD, the billiary copper excretion is impaired and copper accumulates in tissues, particularly in the liver and the brain. The affected gene, ATP7B, encodes the copper transporting ATPase, Wilson disease protein (WNDP). WNDP has six copper binding sites in the N-terminal portion of the molecule. Each site includes the conserved amino acid sequence MXCXXC, and binds 1 Cu(I) through its 2 cysteine residues. We performed X-ray absorption studies at the Cu Kα-edge on the recombinant N-terminal domain of WNDP (N-WNDP). Copper was bound to N-WNDP either in vivo or in vitro in the presence of different reducing agents. We found that in N-WNDP copper is predominantly coordinated in a linear fashion by two cysteines, with the appearance of a Cu-Cu interaction when all metal binding sites are filled. Increasing amounts of reducing agents containing sulfide or phosphine groups led to binding of the exogenous ligands to copper thereby increasing the coordination number of copper from two to three. To better understand the role of copper in WD, we utilized livers of the 6-weeks-old Atp7b-/- mice (an animal model for WD) in which the copper concentration was 10-20-fold higher compared to that of the control mice. The distribution of copper in hepatocytes was evaluated by synchrotron based X-ray fluorescence microprobe (SXRF). We demonstrate that we can prepare liver slices that retain copper and can detect copper with subcellular resolution. On the same sections μ-XANES (spot size: 5 micron) was used to determine the oxidation state of copper.

[Development, problems and results of specialty-specific genetic counseling at the Neurology Clinic of the Karl Marx University].

PubMed

Bachmann, H

1987-11-01

Genetic counselling for inherited neurological diseases has been established at the Clinic for Neurology of Karl Marx University. Comprehensive experiences have been got with the specific and sometimes markedly different problems and aims of counselling in Wilsons disease, X-linked recessive muscular dystrophies, myotonic dystrophy and other neuromuscular disorders, Huntingtons chorea and hereditary ataxias.

Copper and Zinc Homeostasis: Lessons from Drosophila melanogaster

PubMed Central

Navarro, Juan A.; Schneuwly, Stephan

2017-01-01

Maintenance of metal homeostasis is crucial for many different enzymatic activities and in turn for cell function and survival. In addition, cells display detoxification and protective mechanisms against toxic accumulation of metals. Perturbation of any of these processes normally leads to cellular dysfunction and finally to cell death. In the last years, loss of metal regulation has been described as a common pathological feature in many human neurodegenerative diseases. However, in most cases, it is still a matter of debate whether such dyshomeostasis is a primary or a secondary downstream defect. In this review, we will summarize and critically evaluate the contribution of Drosophila to model human diseases that involve altered metabolism of metals or in which metal dyshomeostasis influence their pathobiology. As a prerequisite to use Drosophila as a model, we will recapitulate and describe the main features of core genes involved in copper and zinc metabolism that are conserved between mammals and flies. Drosophila presents some unique strengths to be at the forefront of neurobiological studies. The number of genetic tools, the possibility to easily test genetic interactions in vivo and the feasibility to perform unbiased genetic and pharmacological screens are some of the most prominent advantages of the fruitfly. In this work, we will pay special attention to the most important results reported in fly models to unveil the role of copper and zinc in cellular degeneration and their influence in the development and progression of human neurodegenerative pathologies such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Friedreich's Ataxia or Menkes, and Wilson's diseases. Finally, we show how these studies performed in the fly have allowed to give further insight into the influence of copper and zinc in the molecular and cellular causes and consequences underlying these diseases as well as the discovery of new therapeutic strategies, which had not yet been described in other model systems. PMID:29312444

Interview: Investigating immunomodulators among the Actinomycetales. Interview by Hannah Wilson.

PubMed

Stanford, John L

2013-05-01

John L Stanford speaks to Hannah Wilson, Assistant Commissioning Editor John L Stanford is Chief Scientific Officer at BioEos Ltd (Kent, UK). Dr Stanford began his career as a senior lecturer and then reader in microbiology at Middlesex Hospital Medical School (London, UK), then University College London Medical School, where he became Professor in Medical Microbiology and Head of Department in 1997. He retired and became Professor Emeritus in 2004. Dr Stanford's career has been devoted to research into mycobacteria, the diseases that they cause and the practical uses of this research. His special interest in recent years has been the development of bacterial immunotherapeutics for a range of diseases including tuberculosis and cancer. Dr Stanford was one of the founding directors of Stanford Rook Ltd (London) and of BioEos Ltd, where he remains a director. He also played a part in the founding of Immodulon Therapeutics Ltd (London) and of a new company, ActinoPharma Ltd (London), and has published more than 200 peer-reviewed scientific papers.

Dressed Wilson loops as dual condensates in response to magnetic and electric fields

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bruckmann, Falk; Endroedi, Gergely

2011-10-01

We introduce dressed Wilson loops as a novel confinement observable. It consists of closed planar loops of arbitrary geometry but fixed area, and its expectation values decay with the latter. The construction of dressed Wilson loops is based on chiral condensates in response to magnetic and electric fields, thus linking different physical concepts. We present results for generalized condensates and dressed Wilson loops on dynamical lattice configurations and confirm the agreement with conventional Wilson loops in the limit of large probe mass. We comment on the renormalization of dressed Wilson loops.

Subleading Regge limit from a soft anomalous dimension

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brüser, Robin; Caron-Huot, Simon; Henn, Johannes M.

2018-04-01

Wilson lines capture important features of scattering amplitudes, for example soft effects relevant for infrared divergences, and the Regge limit. Beyond the leading power approximation, corrections to the eikonal picture have to be taken into account. In this paper, we study such corrections in a model of massive scattering amplitudes in N=4 super Yang-Mills, in the planar limit, where the mass is generated through a Higgs mechanism. Using known three-loop analytic expressions for the scattering amplitude, we find that the first power suppressed term has a very simple form, equal to a single power law. We propose that its exponent is governed by the anomalous dimension of a Wilson loop with a scalar inserted at the cusp, and we provide perturbative evidence for this proposal. We also analyze other limits of the amplitude and conjecture an exact formula for a total cross-section at high energies.

Description of four new species and a revision of the genus Tripaphylus Richiardi in Anonymous, 1878 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida: Sphyriidae).

PubMed

Dippenaar, Susan M

2018-03-01

Tripaphylus Richiardi in Anonymous, 1878 is one of the genera of the Sphyriidae Wilson, 1919 and it currently accommodates ten species. Only scanty descriptions are available for the females and some males of the species. Tripaphylus specimens, described and illustrated in this paper, were collected from elasmobranch hosts off the South African coast or came from the private collection of the late Dr G. Benz. Collected specimens were fixed and preserved in 70% ethanol, examined by light - and scanning electron microscopy, and compared with the known species. Descriptions and illustrations are provided for the transformed adult females and males of T. elongatus (Wilson, 1932) and T. versicolor (Wilson, 1919) while illustrated descriptions of the transformed adult females are also provided for T. ferox (Wilson, 1919) and T. vaissierei (Delamare Deboutteville & Nuñes-Ruivo, 1954). Additionally, the material previously reported as T. ferox is considered to represent T. elongatus and that reported as T. lobatus (Kirtisinghe, 1964) is considered a junior synonym of T. vaissierei. Based on the collected material the transformed adult female and male of T. lewisi n. sp. are described as well as the adult transformed females of T. benzi n. sp., T. hoi n. sp., and T. beatricae n. sp. A summarised review of the main features is provided for each of the previously described T. musteli (van Beneden, 1851), T. hemigalei Kirtisinghe, 1964, T. australis (Kabata, 1993), T. triakis (Castro Romero, 2001) and T. asymboli (Turner, Kyne & Bennett, 2003). Furthermore, reasons are provided for the recommendation that T. hemigalei be considered a species inquirenda. An identification key to the transformed adult females of all species of Tripaphylus is provided and the host records are also updated.

A conceptual disease model for adult Pompe disease.

PubMed

Kanters, Tim A; Redekop, W Ken; Rutten-Van Mölken, Maureen P M H; Kruijshaar, Michelle E; Güngör, Deniz; van der Ploeg, Ans T; Hakkaart, Leona

2015-09-15

Studies in orphan diseases are, by nature, confronted with small patient populations, meaning that randomized controlled trials will have limited statistical power. In order to estimate the effectiveness of treatments in orphan diseases and extrapolate effects into the future, alternative models might be needed. The purpose of this study is to develop a conceptual disease model for Pompe disease in adults (an orphan disease). This conceptual model describes the associations between the most important levels of health concepts for Pompe disease in adults, from biological parameters via physiological parameters, symptoms and functional indicators to health perceptions and final health outcomes as measured in terms of health-related quality of life. The structure of the Wilson-Cleary health outcomes model was used as a blueprint, and filled with clinically relevant aspects for Pompe disease based on literature and expert opinion. Multiple observations per patient from a Dutch cohort study in untreated patients were used to quantify the relationships between the different levels of health concepts in the model by means of regression analyses. Enzyme activity, muscle strength, respiratory function, fatigue, level of handicap, general health perceptions, mental and physical component scales and utility described the different levels of health concepts in the Wilson-Cleary model for Pompe disease. Regression analyses showed that functional status was affected by fatigue, muscle strength and respiratory function. Health perceptions were affected by handicap. In turn, self-reported quality of life was affected by health perceptions. We conceptualized a disease model that incorporated the mechanisms believed to be responsible for impaired quality of life in Pompe disease. The model provides a comprehensive overview of various aspects of Pompe disease in adults, which can be useful for both clinicians and policymakers to support their multi-faceted decision making.

Rapidity evolution of Wilson lines at the next-to-leading order

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Balitsky, Ian; Chirilli, Giovanni

2013-12-01

At high energies particles move very fast so the proper degrees of freedom for the fast gluons moving along the straight lines are Wilson-line operators - infinite gauge factors ordered along the line. In the framework of operator expansion in Wilson lines the energy dependence of the amplitudes is determined by the rapidity evolution of Wilson lines. We present the next-to-leading order hierarchy of the evolution equations for Wilson-line operators.

Nolan Wilson | NREL

Science.gov Websites

Nolan Wilson Nolan Wilson Postdoctoral Researcher-Chemical Engineering Nolan.Wilson@nrel.gov | 303 Ph.D., Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, 2014 M.S., Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, 2012 B.S., Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 2007 Professional

Liver transplantation for Wilson disease.

PubMed

Catana, Andreea M; Medici, Valentina

2012-01-27

The aim of this paper is to review the current status of liver transplantation (LT) for Wilson disease (WD), focusing on indications and controversies, especially in patients with neuropsychiatric disease, and on identification of acute liver failure (ALF) cases related to WD. LT remains the treatment of choice for patients with ALF, as initial presentation of WD or when anti-copper agents are stopped, and for patients with chronic liver disease progressed to cirrhosis, unresponsive to chelating medications or not timely treated with copper chelating agents. The indication for LT in WD remains highly debated in patients with progressive neurological deterioration and failure to improve with appropriate medical treatment. In case of Wilsonian ALF, early identification is key as mortality is 100% without emergency LT. As many of the copper metabolism parameters are believed to be less reliable in ALF, simple biochemical tests have been proposed for diagnosis of acute WD with good sensitivity and specificity. LT corrects copper metabolism and complications resulting from WD with excellent 1 and 5 year survival. Living related liver transplantation represents an alternative to deceased donor LT with excellent long-term survival, without disease recurrence. Future options may include hepatocyte transplantation and gene therapy. Although both of these have shown promising results in animal models of WD, prospective human studies are much needed to demonstrate their long-term beneficial effects and their potential to replace the need for medical therapy and LT in patients with WD.

Early efforts of blacks in the fight against heart disease and stroke.

PubMed Central

Haywood, L. J.

1999-01-01

This article highlighted the early efforts of some individuals whose vision and dedication helped to set the stage for later progress in the fight against heart disease, who forged links to those who eagerly took up the cause of creating an appropriate place for minority participation in the specialty of cardiovascular diseases, and to contribute to efforts to establish programs for the reduction of morbidity and mortality and for prevention in African Americans. This is only one view of what was an exciting period of fitful progress and controversy. Dr Wilson reviewed the still deplorable state of affairs in regard to minorities and the medical profession in 1986, stating: A meaningful role for minorities will not exist until there is access to academic postgraduate training programs that will lead to faculty positions and research opportunities for minorities to serve as role models for future students. The Association of Academic Minority Physicians was established to foster greater progress in this regard across disciplines. Again, while much has been accomplished, including Donald Wilson's becoming the first African-American dean of a nonminority medical school, much remains to be done as we approach the end of the 20th century. PMID:10628126

Transient elastography compared to liver biopsy and morphometry for predicting fibrosis in pediatric chronic liver disease: Does etiology matter?

PubMed Central

Behairy, Behairy El-Sayed; Sira, Mostafa Mohamed; Zalata, Khaled Refat; Salama, El-Sayed Ebrahem; Abd-Allah, Mohamed Ahmed

2016-01-01

AIM: To evaluate transient elastography (TE) as a noninvasive tool in staging liver fibrosis compared with liver biopsy and morphometry in children with different chronic liver diseases. METHODS: A total of 90 children [50 with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV), 20 with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and 20 with Wilson disease] were included in the study and underwent liver stiffness measurement (LSM) using TE. Liver biopsies were evaluated for fibrosis, qualitatively, by Ishak score and quantitatively by fibrosis area fraction (FAF) using digital image analysis (morphometry). LSM was correlated with fibrosis and other studied variables using spearman correlation. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was also performed to examine independent factors associated with LSM. Different cut-off values of LSM were calculated for predicting individual fibrosis stages using receiver-operating characteristic curve. Cut-off values with optimal clinical performance (optimal sensitivity and specificity simultaneously) were selected. RESULTS: The majority of HCV group had minimal activity (80%) and no/mild fibrosis (72%). On the other hand, the majority of AIH group had mild to moderate activity (70%) and moderate to severe fibrosis (95%) and all Wilson disease group had mild to moderate activity (100%) and moderate to severe fibrosis (100%). LSM correlated significantly with both FAF and Ishak scores and the correlation appeared better with the latter (r = 0.839 vs 0.879, P < 0.0001 for both). LSM discriminated individual stages of fibrosis with high performance. Sensitivity ranged from 81.4% to 100% and specificity ranged from 75.0% to 97.2%. When we compared LSM values for the same stage of fibrosis, they varied according to the different etiologies. Higher values were in AIH (16.15 ± 7.23 kPa) compared to Wilson disease (8.30 ± 0.84 kPa) and HCV groups (7.43 ± 1.73 kPa). Multiple regression analysis revealed that Ishak fibrosis stage was the only independent variable associated with higher LSM (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: TE appears reliable in distinguishing different stages of liver fibrosis in children. However, its values vary according to the disease type. For that, a disease-specific estimation of cut-off values for fibrosis staging is worthy. PMID:27122674

Feeding a hungry world: the challenge of developing safe and effective methods of food preservation

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Preventing the loss of harvested commodities due to either postharvest diseases or physiological breakdown (uncontrolled ripening) offers a significant approach to providing the increased yields of food that will be needed to feed the world population in the 21st century (Wilson 2013). Activities ...

A Ramanujan-type measure for the Askey-Wilson polynomials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Atakishiyev, Natig M.

1995-01-01

A Ramanujan-type representation for the Askey-Wilson q-beta integral, admitting the transformation q to q(exp -1), is obtained. Orthogonality of the Askey-Wilson polynomials with respect to a measure, entering into this representation, is proved. A simple way of evaluating the Askey-Wilson q-beta integral is also given.

75 FR 8749 - Dwayne LaFrantz Wilson, M.D.; Revocation of Registration

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-25

... DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Drug Enforcement Administration Dwayne LaFrantz Wilson, M.D.; Revocation of... Enforcement Administration, issued an Order to Show Cause to Dwayne LaFrantz Wilson, M.D. (Respondent), of... Registration, BW6030857, issued to Dwayne LaFrantz Wilson, M.D., be, and it hereby is, revoked. I further order...

Acute hepatic failure in children.

PubMed Central

Riely, C. A.

1984-01-01

Many diseases may present as acute hepatic failure in the pediatric age group, including viral hepatitis A and B, adverse drug reactions, both toxic and "hepatitic," and inherited metabolic disorders such as tyrosinemia, alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency, and Wilson's disease. Management is primarily supportive, with care taken to anticipate the known complications of hepatic failure. Few "curative" therapies are known, although attempts at stimulating hepatic regeneration may be helpful. Images FIG. 1 FIG. 3 FIG. 4 PMID:6433587

August Wilson's Presentation of Interracial Movements in 1960s

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Li, Yanghua

2018-01-01

August Wilson's "Two Trains Running" tells the life predicaments of the patrons at Memphis' restaurant in the 1960s. Though Wilson avoids addressing the interracial conflicts and movements on stage to eschew protesting and propaganda, they as social background could not be totally ignored in the play. The paper analyses Wilson's use of…

Technical Challenges of the U.S. Army’s Ground Combat Vehicle Program

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-11-01

for mine protection and a distinctive armored extension on the top, called the doghouse. Those features optimize it for counterinsurgency operations...vehicles. Less complex approaches have also evolved, such as mines designed to attack the weaker bottoms of vehicles or improvised explosive devices...Improvised Explosive Devices, Suicide Bombers, Unexploded Ordnance, and Mines ,” section I-G-10, “Countermeasures.” See also Clay Wilson, Improvised

Better than $l/Mflops sustained: a scalable PC-based parallel computer for lattice QCD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fodor, Zoltán; Katz, Sándor D.; Papp, Gábor

2003-05-01

We study the feasibility of a PC-based parallel computer for medium to large scale lattice QCD simulations. The Eötvös Univ., Inst. Theor. Phys. cluster consists of 137 Intel P4-1.7GHz nodes with 512 MB RDRAM. The 32-bit, single precision sustained performance for dynamical QCD without communication is 1510 Mflops/node with Wilson and 970 Mflops/node with staggered fermions. This gives a total performance of 208 Gflops for Wilson and 133 Gflops for staggered QCD, respectively (for 64-bit applications the performance is approximately halved). The novel feature of our system is its communication architecture. In order to have a scalable, cost-effective machine we use Gigabit Ethernet cards for nearest-neighbor communications in a two-dimensional mesh. This type of communication is cost effective (only 30% of the hardware costs is spent on the communication). According to our benchmark measurements this type of communication results in around 40% communication time fraction for lattices upto 48 3·96 in full QCD simulations. The price/sustained-performance ratio for full QCD is better than l/Mflops for Wilson (and around 1.5/Mflops for staggered) quarks for practically any lattice size, which can fit in our parallel computer. The communication software is freely available upon request for non-profit organizations.

The copper rush of the nineties.

PubMed

Solioz, Marc

2016-09-01

The nineties witnessed the discovery of the copper ATPases, enzymes which transport copper across the cytoplasmic membranes of bacteria and eukaryotes. In the same decade, several other key components of copper homeostasis have also been discovered, like copper chaperones and plasma membrane copper transporters. This has finally led to a molecular understanding of two inherited human diseases related to copper: Menkes disease, manifested by systemic copper deficiency, and Wilson disease, caused by defective secretion of excess copper. A historic perspective and untold stories of the events leading up to these discoveries are presented here.

Effects of climate change on forest insect and disease outbreaks

Treesearch

David W. Williams; Robert P. Long; Philip M. Wargo; Andrew M. Liebhold

2000-01-01

General circulation models (GCMs) predict dramatic future changes in climate for the northeastern and north central United States under doubled carbon dioxide (CO2) levels (Hansen et al., 1984; Manabe and Wetherald, 1987; Wilson and Mitchell, 1987; Cubasch and Cess, 1990; Mitchell et al., 1990). January temperatures are projected to rise as much...

Large-scale solar magnetic fields and H-alpha patterns

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcintosh, P. S.

1972-01-01

Coronal and interplanetary magnetic fields computed from measurements of large-scale photospheric magnetic fields suffer from interruptions in day-to-day observations and the limitation of using only measurements made near the solar central meridian. Procedures were devised for inferring the lines of polarity reversal from H-alpha solar patrol photographs that map the same large-scale features found on Mt. Wilson magnetograms. These features may be monitored without interruption by combining observations from the global network of observatories associated with NOAA's Space Environment Services Center. The patterns of inferred magnetic fields may be followed accurately as far as 60 deg from central meridian. Such patterns will be used to improve predictions of coronal features during the next solar eclipse.

The heliocentric evolution of cometary infrared spectra - Results from an organic grain model

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chyba, Christopher F.; Sagan, Carl; Mumma, Michael J.

1989-01-01

An emission feature peaking near 3.4 microns that is typical of C-H stretching in hydrocarbons and which fits a simple, two-component thermal emission model for dust in the cometary coma, has been noted in observations of Comets Halley and Wilson. A noteworthy consequence of this modeling is that, at about 1 AU, emission features at wavelengths longer than 3.4 microns come to be 'diluted' by continuum emission. A quantitative development of the model shows it to agree with observational data for Comet Halley for certain, plausible values of the optical constants; the observed heliocentric evolution of the 3.4-micron feature thereby furnishes information on the composition of the comet's organic grains.

A biopsychosocial approach to liver transplant evaluation in two patients with Wilson's disease.

PubMed

Boeka, Abbe G; Solomon, Andrea C; Lokken, Kristine; McGuire, Brendan M; Bynon, J Steve

2011-05-01

Wilson's disease (WD) is characterized by hepatic, neurological, and/or psychiatric disturbances. In some cases, liver transplantation is indicated. Because psychologists and other health care workers play an increasing role in the evaluation of individuals presenting for transplant, an understanding of the heterogeneous phenotype of WD is important for mental health professionals working in medical settings. This article reviews two cases of patients with WD (one probable, one confirmed) presenting for liver transplantation and a biopsychosocial assessment approach is demonstrated. Patients are presented in terms of medical, psychiatric, and psychosocial history, neuropsychological examination results, and the subsequent indications for liver transplantation. Both patients exhibited neurocognitive and psychiatric symptoms. One patient was determined to be a marginally suitable candidate for transplantation, whereas the other was considered at high risk for negative outcome post-transplant. This article demonstrates the importance of considering phenotypic presentation, neurocognitive function, psychiatric status, and psychosocial circumstances in assessing transplant readiness in patients with WD. A comprehensive and integrative biopsychosocial assessment approach is appropriate for evaluating patients with WD presenting for liver transplantation. © 2011 Taylor & Francis

Automation of o-dianisidine assay for ceruloplasmin activity analyses: usefulness of investigation in Wilson's disease and in hepatic encephalopathy.

PubMed

Siotto, Mariacristina; Pasqualetti, Patrizio; Marano, Massimo; Squitti, Rosanna

2014-10-01

Ceruloplasmin (Cp) is a serum ferroxidase that plays an essential role in iron metabolism. It is routinely tested by immunoturbidimetric assays that quantify the concentration of the protein both in its active and inactive forms. Cp activity is generally analyzed manually; the process is time-consuming, has a limited repeatability, and is not suitable for a clinical setting. To overcome these inconveniences, we have set the automation of the o-dianisidine Cp activity assay on a Cobas Mira Plus apparatus. The automation was rapid and repeatable, and the data were provided in terms of IU/L. The assay was adapted for human sera and showed a good precision [coefficient of variation (CV) 3.7 %] and low limit of detection (LoD 11.58 IU/L). The simultaneous analysis of Cp concentration and activity in the same run allowed us to calculate the Cp-specific activity that provides a better index of the overall Cp status. To test the usefulness of this automation, we tested this assay on 104 healthy volunteers and 36 patients with Wilson's disease, hepatic encephalopathy, and chronic liver disease. Cp activity and specific activity distinguished better patients between groups with respect to Cp concentration alone, and providing support for the clinical investigation of neurological diseases in which liver failure is one of the clinical hallmarks.

Liver transplantation for Wilson disease

PubMed Central

Catana, Andreea M; Medici, Valentina

2012-01-01

The aim of this paper is to review the current status of liver transplantation (LT) for Wilson disease (WD), focusing on indications and controversies, especially in patients with neuropsychiatric disease, and on identification of acute liver failure (ALF) cases related to WD. LT remains the treatment of choice for patients with ALF, as initial presentation of WD or when anti-copper agents are stopped, and for patients with chronic liver disease progressed to cirrhosis, unresponsive to chelating medications or not timely treated with copper chelating agents. The indication for LT in WD remains highly debated in patients with progressive neurological deterioration and failure to improve with appropriate medical treatment. In case of Wilsonian ALF, early identification is key as mortality is 100% without emergency LT. As many of the copper metabolism parameters are believed to be less reliable in ALF, simple biochemical tests have been proposed for diagnosis of acute WD with good sensitivity and specificity. LT corrects copper metabolism and complications resulting from WD with excellent 1 and 5 year survival. Living related liver transplantation represents an alternative to deceased donor LT with excellent long-term survival, without disease recurrence. Future options may include hepatocyte transplantation and gene therapy. Although both of these have shown promising results in animal models of WD, prospective human studies are much needed to demonstrate their long-term beneficial effects and their potential to replace the need for medical therapy and LT in patients with WD. PMID:22312450

NLO Hierarchy of Wilson Lines Evolution

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Balitsky, Ian

2015-03-01

The high-energy behavior of QCD amplitudes can be described in terms of the rapidity evolution of Wilson lines. I present the hierarchy of evolution equations for Wilson lines in the next-to-leading order.

1. VIEW EAST, LOOKING TOWARDS BRIDGE FROM WILSON SHUTE ROAD ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

1. VIEW EAST, LOOKING TOWARDS BRIDGE FROM WILSON SHUTE ROAD (STATE ROAD 2008) - Wilson Shute Bridge, Spanning French Creek at State Road 2008 (formerly Legislative Route 20027), Meadville, Crawford County, PA

War, Medicine, and Cultural Diplomacy in the Americas: Frank Wilson and Brazilian cardiology.

PubMed

Kropf, Simone P; Howell, Joel D

2017-10-01

American cultural diplomacy played a key role in the institutionalization of Brazilian cardiology. In 1942, Frank Wilson, an internationally recognized pioneer in electrocardiography, made an extended wartime visit to Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. The visit was sponsored by the United States Department of State as part of Roosevelt's Good Neighbor Policy and brought Wilson together with a group of physicians who would establish the specialty of cardiology in Brazil. This US cultural and diplomatic initiative strengthened an academic network that was already evolving and would eventually prove to be of benefit to both sides. Latin American physicians began in the 1920s to visit Wilson's laboratory at the University of Michigan, where they established the relationships on which Wilson would build. While affiliation with the "Wilson school" advanced the cause of Brazilian cardiologists who sought to establish themselves as specialists, cooperation with Latin American physicians benefitted Wilson in his pursuit of wider recognition for his innovations in the use of electrocardiography (ECG). Wilson's identity as a scientific ambassador to Latin America helped in legitimating his approach to the clinical application of the ECG. A close examination of Wilson's relationship to Brazilian cardiology demonstrates the role played by science and medicine as a part of wartime cultural diplomacy, as well as the dynamics of the transnational circulation of scientific knowledge and practices. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

The plant decapeptide OSIP108 prevents copper-induced toxicity in various models for Wilson disease

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Spincemaille, Pieter; Pham, Duc-Hung; Chandhok, Gursimran

2014-10-15

Background: Wilson disease (WD) is caused by accumulation of excess copper (Cu) due to a mutation in the gene encoding the liver Cu transporter ATP7B, and is characterized by acute liver failure or cirrhosis and neuronal cell death. We investigated the effect of OSIP108, a plant derived decapeptide that prevents Cu-induced apoptosis in yeast and human cells, on Cu-induced toxicity in various mammalian in vitro models relevant for WD and in a Cu-toxicity zebrafish larvae model applicable to WD. Methods: The effect of OSIP108 was evaluated on viability of various cell lines in the presence of excess Cu, on livermore » morphology of a Cu-treated zebrafish larvae strain that expresses a fluorescent reporter in hepatocytes, and on oxidative stress levels in wild type AB zebrafish larvae. Results: OSIP108 increased not only viability of Cu-treated CHO cells transgenically expressing ATP7B and the common WD-causing mutant ATP7B{sup H1069Q}, but also viability of Cu-treated human glioblastoma U87 cells. Aberrancies in liver morphology of Cu-treated zebrafish larvae were observed, which were further confirmed as Cu-induced hepatotoxicity by liver histology. Injections of OSIP108 into Cu-treated zebrafish larvae significantly increased the amount of larvae with normal liver morphology and decreased Cu-induced production of reactive oxygen species. Conclusions: OSIP108 prevents Cu-induced toxicity in in vitro models and in a Cu-toxicity zebrafish larvae model applicable to WD. General significance: All the above data indicate the potential of OSIP108 as a drug lead for further development as a novel WD treatment. - Highlights: • Wilson disease (WD) is characterized by accumulation of toxic copper (Cu). • OSIP108 increases viability of Cu-treated cellular models applicable to WD. • OSIP108 injections preserve liver morphology of Cu-treated zebrafish larvae. • OSIP108 injections into zebrafish larvae abrogates Cu-induced oxidative stress.« less

The Variability of Transverse Aeolian Ripples in Troughs on Mars

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bourke, M. C.; Wilson, S.A.; Zimbelman, J. R.

2003-01-01

A precursory glance at MGS images of the surface of Mars show an abundance of aeolian transverse ridges. These ridges are located in a variety of geological terrains. Zimbelman and Wilson have separated the small-scale aeolian features of Syrtis Major into six categories: ripples associated with obstacles, ripple bands, ripple fields, ripple patches, isolated ripple patches and ripples associated with dunes. This paper focuses on one of these categories, that of ripple bands which tend to accumulate within linear troughs. As the origin of these features is still being studied (i.e. ripples versus dunes), we refer to them simply as transverse aeolian ridges.

Synchronization and desynchronization in a network of locally coupled Wilson-Cowan oscillators.

PubMed

Campbell, S; Wang, D

1996-01-01

A network of Wilson-Cowan (WC) oscillators is constructed, and its emergent properties of synchronization and desynchronization are investigated by both computer simulation and formal analysis. The network is a 2D matrix, where each oscillator is coupled only to its neighbors. We show analytically that a chain of locally coupled oscillators (the piecewise linear approximation to the WC oscillator) synchronizes, and we present a technique to rapidly entrain finite numbers of oscillators. The coupling strengths change on a fast time scale based on a Hebbian rule. A global separator is introduced which receives input from and sends feedback to each oscillator in the matrix. The global separator is used to desynchronize different oscillator groups. Unlike many other models, the properties of this network emerge from local connections that preserve spatial relationships among components and are critical for encoding Gestalt principles of feature grouping. The ability to synchronize and desynchronize oscillator groups within this network offers a promising approach for pattern segmentation and figure/ground segregation based on oscillatory correlation.

Copper-2 Ingestion, Plus Increased Meat Eating Leading to Increased Copper Absorption, Are Major Factors Behind the Current Epidemic of Alzheimer's Disease.

PubMed

Brewer, George J

2015-12-02

It has become clear that copper toxicity is playing a major role in Alzheimer's disease; but why is the brain copper toxicity with cognition loss in Alzheimer's disease so much different clinically than brain copper toxicity in Wilson's disease, which results in a movement disorder? Furthermore, why is the inorganic copper of supplement pills and in drinking water so much more damaging to cognition than the organic copper in food? A recent paper, which shows that almost all food copper is copper-1, that is the copper-2 of foods reverts to the reduced copper-1 form at death or harvest, gives new insight into these questions. The body has an intestinal transport system for copper-1, Ctr1, which channels copper-1 through the liver and into safe channels. Ctr1 cannot absorb copper-2, and some copper-2 bypasses the liver, ends up in the blood quickly, and is toxic to cognition. Humans evolved to handle copper-1 safely, but not copper-2. Alzheimer's is at least in part, a copper-2 toxicity disease, while Wilson's is a general copper overload disease. In this review, we will show that the epidemiology of the Alzheimer's epidemic occurring in developed, but not undeveloped countries, fits with the epidemiology of exposure to copper-2 ingestion leached from copper plumbing and from copper supplement pill ingestion. Increased meat eating in developed countries is also a factor, because it increases copper absorption, and thus over all copper exposure.

NLO evolution of 3-quark Wilson loop operator

DOE PAGES

Balitsky, I.; Grabovsky, A. V.

2015-01-07

It is well known that high-energy scattering of a meson from some hadronic target can be described by the interaction of that target with a color dipole formed by two Wilson lines corresponding to fast quark-antiquark pair. Moreover, the energy dependence of the scattering amplitude is governed by the evolution equation of this color dipole with respect to rapidity. Similarly, the energy dependence of scattering of a baryon can be described in terms of evolution of a three-Wilson-lines operator with respect to the rapidity of the Wilson lines. We calculate the evolution of the 3-quark Wilson loop operator in themore » next-to-leading order (NLO) and present a quasi-conformal evolution equation for a composite 3-Wilson-lines operator. Thus we also obtain the linearized version of that evolution equation describing the amplitude of the odderon exchange at high energies.« less

Wilson loop from a Dyson equation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pak, M.; Reinhardt, H.

2009-12-15

The Dyson equation proposed for planar temporal Wilson loops in the context of supersymmetric gauge theories is critically analyzed thereby exhibiting its ingredients and approximations involved. We reveal its limitations and identify its range of applicability in nonsupersymmetric gauge theories. In particular, we show that this equation is applicable only to strongly asymmetric planar Wilson loops (consisting of a long and a short pair of loop segments) and as a consequence the Wilsonian potential can be extracted only up to intermediate distances. By this equation the Wilson loop is exclusively determined by the gluon propagator. We solve the Dyson equationmore » in Coulomb gauge for the temporal Wilson loop with the instantaneous part of the gluon propagator and for the spatial Wilson loop with the static gluon propagator obtained in the Hamiltonian approach to continuum Yang-Mills theory and on the lattice. In both cases we find a linearly rising color potential.« less

Wilsonian methods of concept analysis: a critique.

PubMed

Hupcey, J E; Morse, J M; Lenz, E R; Tasón, M C

1996-01-01

Wilsonian methods of concept analysis--that is, the method proposed by Wilson and Wilson-derived methods in nursing (as described by Walker and Avant; Chinn and Kramer [Jacobs]; Schwartz-Barcott and Kim; and Rodgers)--are discussed and compared in this article. The evolution and modifications of Wilson's method in nursing are described and research that has used these methods, assessed. The transformation of Wilson's method is traced as each author has adopted his techniques and attempted to modify the method to correct for limitations. We suggest that these adaptations and modifications ultimately erode Wilson's method. Further, the Wilson-derived methods have been overly simplified and used by nurse researchers in a prescriptive manner, and the results often do not serve the purpose of expanding nursing knowledge. We conclude that, considering the significance of concept development for the nursing profession, the development of new methods and a means for evaluating conceptual inquiry must be given priority.

Integrating Fat Embolism Syndrome Scoring Indices in Sickle Cell Disease: A Practice Management Review.

PubMed

Bailey, Keneisha; Wesley, Jagila; Adeyinka, Adebayo; Pierre, Louisdon

2017-01-01

Fat embolism syndrome (FES) has been described in the literature as a rare complication of sickle cell disease (SCD). A review article published in 2005 reported 24 cases of FES associated with SCD. In many cases, a definitive diagnosis of FES in SCD is made on autopsy because of the lack of early recognition and the paucity of sensitive and specific testing for this syndrome. Patients with FES usually have a fulminant, rapidly deteriorating clinical course with mortality occurring within the first 24 hours. We postulate that FES is not well recognized in SCD and that FES scores are useful diagnostic tools in patients with SCD. We queried the electronic medical records with the diagnostic codes for SCD with acute chest syndrome (ACS), pulmonary embolism, or acute respiratory distress syndrome admitted to our hospital from 2008 to 2016 to identify patients suspected of having FES. In addition, we performed an extensive literature review to evaluate the management practice of pediatric patients with FES and SCD from 1966 to 2016. Six patients met our selection criteria from the hospital records, and 4 case reports from the literature search were also included. We applied the Gurd and Wilson criteria and the Schonfeld Fat Embolism Index to identify patients who met the criteria for FES. Nine patients fulfilled Gurd and Wilson criteria, and 9 patients who were evaluable met the Schonfeld criteria for FES. A rapidly deteriorating clinical course in a patient with SCD presenting with ACS or severe vaso-occlusive crisis should trigger a high index of suspicion for FES. Gurd and Wilson criteria or the Schonfeld Fat Embolism Index are useful diagnostic tools for FES in SCD.

FACILITY 859, DETAIL OF SOUTHWEST SIDE (WILSON STREET SIDE), SHOWING ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

FACILITY 859, DETAIL OF SOUTHWEST SIDE (WILSON STREET SIDE), SHOWING CHEVRON DESIGN OVER FORMER PASSAGEWAY, VIEW FACING NORTHEAST. - Schofield Barracks Military Reservation, Quadrangle K Barracks Type, Between Wilson Street & Capron Avenue near Williston Avenue, Wahiawa, Honolulu County, HI

On the ground state of Yang-Mills theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bakry, Ahmed S.; Leinweber, Derek B.; Williams, Anthony G.

2011-08-01

We investigate the overlap of the ground state meson potential with sets of mesonic-trial wave functions corresponding to different gluonic distributions. We probe the transverse structure of the flux tube through the creation of non-uniform smearing profiles for the string of glue connecting two color sources in Wilson loop operator. The non-uniformly UV-regulated flux-tube operators are found to optimize the overlap with the ground state and display interesting features in the ground state overlap.

Scale-freeness or partial synchronization in neural mass phase oscillator networks: Pick one of two?

PubMed

Daffertshofer, Andreas; Ton, Robert; Pietras, Bastian; Kringelbach, Morten L; Deco, Gustavo

2018-04-04

Modeling and interpreting (partial) synchronous neural activity can be a challenge. We illustrate this by deriving the phase dynamics of two seminal neural mass models: the Wilson-Cowan firing rate model and the voltage-based Freeman model. We established that the phase dynamics of these models differed qualitatively due to an attractive coupling in the first and a repulsive coupling in the latter. Using empirical structural connectivity matrices, we determined that the two dynamics cover the functional connectivity observed in resting state activity. We further searched for two pivotal dynamical features that have been reported in many experimental studies: (1) a partial phase synchrony with a possibility of a transition towards either a desynchronized or a (fully) synchronized state; (2) long-term autocorrelations indicative of a scale-free temporal dynamics of phase synchronization. Only the Freeman phase model exhibited scale-free behavior. Its repulsive coupling, however, let the individual phases disperse and did not allow for a transition into a synchronized state. The Wilson-Cowan phase model, by contrast, could switch into a (partially) synchronized state, but it did not generate long-term correlations although being located close to the onset of synchronization, i.e. in its critical regime. That is, the phase-reduced models can display one of the two dynamical features, but not both. Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Seventh annual National Conference of Black Physics students. Summary report, February 12--13, 1993

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The 1993 conference hosted a wide variety of presentations and activities. Continuing the NCBPS tradition, we offered technical physics presentations, tours of physics research facilities, a career and educational fair, technical presentations by students, dinner speakers and a dance. New this, year were the interactive workshops (described in the section entitled ``New Features``). We included a ``celebrity`` speaker -- Col. Fred Gregory, an African-American NASA astronaut This presentation was featured on the local TV news. There were two last minute changes to the program They included: the replacement of Howard Adams and Tim Childs with Sylvia Wilson and Warren Buck,more » respectively. Howard Adams was ill and canceled a couple of days in advance. He recommended Sylvia Wilson, also of the GEM Program, as a replacement speaker. The substitution worked quite well, especially since our program was lacking in female speakers. Tim Childs missed his flight so Warren Buck, who attended the conference as an observer, generously filled in at the last minute. We ran a brief survey of the corporate, governmental and educational recruiters who were part of our Career/Educational Fair. Of 15 recruiters, 9 responded to the survey. All who responded said they were pleased with the conference arrangements. See Appendix C for the complete results of the Survey for Recruiters.« less

ECG-Based Detection of Early Myocardial Ischemia in a Computational Model: Impact of Additional Electrodes, Optimal Placement, and a New Feature for ST Deviation

PubMed Central

Schulze, Walther H. W.; Jiang, Yuan; Wilhelms, Mathias; Luik, Armin; Dössel, Olaf; Seemann, Gunnar

2015-01-01

In case of chest pain, immediate diagnosis of myocardial ischemia is required to respond with an appropriate treatment. The diagnostic capability of the electrocardiogram (ECG), however, is strongly limited for ischemic events that do not lead to ST elevation. This computational study investigates the potential of different electrode setups in detecting early ischemia at 10 minutes after onset: standard 3-channel and 12-lead ECG as well as body surface potential maps (BSPMs). Further, it was assessed if an additional ECG electrode with optimized position or the right-sided Wilson leads can improve sensitivity of the standard 12-lead ECG. To this end, a simulation study was performed for 765 different locations and sizes of ischemia in the left ventricle. Improvements by adding a single, subject specifically optimized electrode were similar to those of the BSPM: 2–11% increased detection rate depending on the desired specificity. Adding right-sided Wilson leads had negligible effect. Absence of ST deviation could not be related to specific locations of the ischemic region or its transmurality. As alternative to the ST time integral as a feature of ST deviation, the K point deviation was introduced: the baseline deviation at the minimum of the ST-segment envelope signal, which increased 12-lead detection rate by 7% for a reasonable threshold. PMID:26587538

ECG-Based Detection of Early Myocardial Ischemia in a Computational Model: Impact of Additional Electrodes, Optimal Placement, and a New Feature for ST Deviation.

PubMed

Loewe, Axel; Schulze, Walther H W; Jiang, Yuan; Wilhelms, Mathias; Luik, Armin; Dössel, Olaf; Seemann, Gunnar

2015-01-01

In case of chest pain, immediate diagnosis of myocardial ischemia is required to respond with an appropriate treatment. The diagnostic capability of the electrocardiogram (ECG), however, is strongly limited for ischemic events that do not lead to ST elevation. This computational study investigates the potential of different electrode setups in detecting early ischemia at 10 minutes after onset: standard 3-channel and 12-lead ECG as well as body surface potential maps (BSPMs). Further, it was assessed if an additional ECG electrode with optimized position or the right-sided Wilson leads can improve sensitivity of the standard 12-lead ECG. To this end, a simulation study was performed for 765 different locations and sizes of ischemia in the left ventricle. Improvements by adding a single, subject specifically optimized electrode were similar to those of the BSPM: 2-11% increased detection rate depending on the desired specificity. Adding right-sided Wilson leads had negligible effect. Absence of ST deviation could not be related to specific locations of the ischemic region or its transmurality. As alternative to the ST time integral as a feature of ST deviation, the K point deviation was introduced: the baseline deviation at the minimum of the ST-segment envelope signal, which increased 12-lead detection rate by 7% for a reasonable threshold.

Taking Charge: Walter Sydney Adams and the Mount Wilson Observatory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brashear, R.

2004-12-01

The growing preeminence of American observational astronomy in the first half of the 20th century is a well-known story and much credit is given to George Ellery Hale and his skill as an observatory-building entrepreneur. But a key figure who has yet to be discussed in great detail is Walter Sydney Adams (1876-1956), Hale's Assistant Director at Mount Wilson Observatory. Due to Hale's illnesses, Adams was Acting Director for much of Hale's tenure, and he became the second Director of Mount Wilson from 1923 to 1946. Behind his New England reserve Adams was instrumental in the growth of Mount Wilson and thus American astronomy in general. Adams was hand-picked by Hale to take charge of stellar spectroscopy work at Yerkes and Mount Wilson and the younger astronomer showed tremendous loyalty to Hale and Hale's vision throughout his career. As Adams assumed the leadership role at Mount Wilson he concentrated on making the observatory a place where researchers worked with great freedom but maintain a high level of cooperation. This paper will concentrate on Adams's early years and look at his growing relationship with Hale and how he came to be the central figure in the early history of Mount Wilson as both a solar and stellar observatory. His education, his years at Dartmouth and Yerkes (including his unfortunate encounter with epsilon Leonis), and his formative years on Mount Wilson are all important in learning how he shaped the direction of Mount Wilson and the development of American astronomy in the first half of the 20th century. This latter history cannot be complete until we bring Adams into better focus.

Wilson loops and QCD/string scattering amplitudes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Makeenko, Yuri; Olesen, Poul; Niels Bohr International Academy, Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen O

2009-07-15

We generalize modern ideas about the duality between Wilson loops and scattering amplitudes in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory to large N QCD by deriving a general relation between QCD meson scattering amplitudes and Wilson loops. We then investigate properties of the open-string disk amplitude integrated over reparametrizations. When the Wilson-loop is approximated by the area behavior, we find that the QCD scattering amplitude is a convolution of the standard Koba-Nielsen integrand and a kernel. As usual poles originate from the first factor, whereas no (momentum-dependent) poles can arise from the kernel. We show that the kernel becomes a constant whenmore » the number of external particles becomes large. The usual Veneziano amplitude then emerges in the kinematical regime, where the Wilson loop can be reliably approximated by the area behavior. In this case, we obtain a direct duality between Wilson loops and scattering amplitudes when spatial variables and momenta are interchanged, in analogy with the N=4 super Yang-Mills theory case.« less

Wilson loops in supersymmetric gauge theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pestun, Vasily

This thesis is devoted to several exact computations in four-dimensional supersymmetric gauge field theories. In the first part of the thesis we prove conjecture due to Erickson-Semenoff-Zarembo and Drukker-Gross which relates supersymmetric circular Wilson loop operators in the N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with a Gaussian matrix model. We also compute the partition function and give a new matrix model formula for the expectation value of a supersymmetric circular Wilson loop operator for the pure N = 2 and the N* = 2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on a four-sphere. Circular supersymmetric Wilson loops in four-dimensional N = 2 superconformal gauge theory are treated similarly. In the second part we consider supersymmetric Wilson loops of arbitrary shape restricted to a two-dimensional sphere in the four-dimensional N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. We show that expectation value for these Wilson loops can be exactly computed using a two-dimensional theory closely related to the topological two-dimensional Higgs-Yang-Mills theory, or two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory for the complexified gauge group.

Non-supersymmetric Wilson loop in N = 4 SYM and defect 1d CFT

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beccaria, Matteo; Giombi, Simone; Tseytlin, Arkady A.

2018-03-01

Following Polchinski and Sully (arXiv:1104.5077), we consider a generalized Wilson loop operator containing a constant parameter ζ in front of the scalar coupling term, so that ζ = 0 corresponds to the standard Wilson loop, while ζ = 1 to the locally supersymmetric one. We compute the expectation value of this operator for circular loop as a function of ζ to second order in the planar weak coupling expansion in N = 4 SYM theory. We then explain the relation of the expansion near the two conformal points ζ = 0 and ζ = 1 to the correlators of scalar operators inserted on the loop. We also discuss the AdS5 × S 5 string 1-loop correction to the strong-coupling expansion of the standard circular Wilson loop, as well as its generalization to the case of mixed boundary conditions on the five-sphere coordinates, corresponding to general ζ. From the point of view of the defect CFT1 defined on the Wilson line, the ζ-dependent term can be seen as a perturbation driving a RG flow from the standard Wilson loop in the UV to the supersymmetric Wilson loop in the IR. Both at weak and strong coupling we find that the logarithm of the expectation value of the standard Wilson loop for the circular contour is larger than that of the supersymmetric one, which appears to be in agreement with the 1d analog of the F-theorem.

Lingual dyskinesia and tics: a novel presentation of copper-metabolism disorder.

PubMed

Goez, Helly R; Jacob, Francois D; Yager, Jerome Y

2011-02-01

Copper is a trace element that is required for cellular respiration, neurotransmitter biosynthesis, pigment formation, antioxidant defense, peptide amidation, and formation of connective tissue. Abnormalities of copper metabolism have been linked with neurologic disorders that affect movement, such as Wilson disease and Menkes disease; however, the diagnosis of non-Wilson, non-Menkes-type copper-metabolism disorders has been more elusive, especially in cases with atypical characteristics. We present here the case of an adolescent with a novel presentation of copper-metabolism disorder who exhibited acute severe hemilingual dyskinesia and prominent tics, with ballismus of the upper limbs, but had normal brain and spinal MRI results and did not show any signs of dysarthria or dysphagia. His serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels were low, but his urinary copper level was elevated after penicillamine challenge. We conclude that copper-metabolism disorders should be included in the differential diagnosis for movement disorders, even in cases with highly unusual presentations, because many of them are treatable. Moreover, a connection between copper-metabolism disorders and tics is presented, to our knowledge, for the first time in humans; further investigation is needed to better establish this connection and understand its underlying pathophysiology.

Density-dependent mass gain by Wilson's Warblers during stopover

Treesearch

Jeffrey F. Kelly; Linda S. DeLay; Deborah M. Finch

2002-01-01

The need restore energetic reserves at stopover sites constrains avian migration ecology. To describe that constraint, we examined relationships among mass gained by Wilson's Warblers (Wilsonia pusilla) during stopover, abundance of Wilson's Warblers (i.e. capture rate), and arthropod abundance during autumn migration. We found that amount...

Drama Queen

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carpenter, Angelica Shirley

2006-01-01

This article presents an interview with Jacqueline Wilson, a popular British author of children's books. Wilson has published 86 books for children and young adults with more than 20 million copies sold in the U.K. alone. Wilson's fans--mostly seven- to 14-year-old girls--love her gripping plots about dysfunctional families, homelessness, and…

Beyond the scope of Free-Wilson analysis: building interpretable QSAR models with machine learning algorithms.

PubMed

Chen, Hongming; Carlsson, Lars; Eriksson, Mats; Varkonyi, Peter; Norinder, Ulf; Nilsson, Ingemar

2013-06-24

A novel methodology was developed to build Free-Wilson like local QSAR models by combining R-group signatures and the SVM algorithm. Unlike Free-Wilson analysis this method is able to make predictions for compounds with R-groups not present in a training set. Eleven public data sets were chosen as test cases for comparing the performance of our new method with several other traditional modeling strategies, including Free-Wilson analysis. Our results show that the R-group signature SVM models achieve better prediction accuracy compared with Free-Wilson analysis in general. Moreover, the predictions of R-group signature models are also comparable to the models using ECFP6 fingerprints and signatures for the whole compound. Most importantly, R-group contributions to the SVM model can be obtained by calculating the gradient for R-group signatures. For most of the studied data sets, a significant correlation with that of a corresponding Free-Wilson analysis is shown. These results suggest that the R-group contribution can be used to interpret bioactivity data and highlight that the R-group signature based SVM modeling method is as interpretable as Free-Wilson analysis. Hence the signature SVM model can be a useful modeling tool for any drug discovery project.

Do cytokines have any role in Wilson's disease?

PubMed Central

Goyal, M K; Sinha, S; Patil, S A; Jayalekshmy, V; Taly, A B

2008-01-01

The aim of this study was to determine the serum cytokine levels in patients with Wilson's disease (WD) and correlate with phenotype, therapeutic status and laboratory data. In this cross-sectional study, the serum levels of cytokines were estimated in 34 patients (M : F, 23 : 11; drug-naive, 11) with WD (mean age: 13·8 ± 8·6 and 19·6 ± 9·03 years) and compared with 30 controls. The following serum cytokines were analysed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: (i) tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, (ii) interferon (IFN)-γ, (iii) interleukin (IL)-2, (iv) IL-6 and (v) IL-4. Serum TNF-α (P < 0·001), IFN-γ (P = 0·005) and IL-6 (P < 0·001) were detectable in WD compared with controls. However, serum level elevation of IL-4 (P = 0·49) and IL-2 (P = 0·11), although detectable compared with controls, was statistically insignificant. The disease severity and therapeutic status did not affect the cytokines. Presence of anaemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia and hepatic dysfunction did not influence cytokine levels. There was a significant negative correlation between IL-6 and ceruloplasmin (P = 0·04) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4) and copper level (P = 0·01). Serum cytokines, both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory subtypes, were elevated significantly in patients with WD. Further studies would establish their role in its pathogenesis. PMID:18821941

PRI and the Beyond Merida Initiative

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-10-28

candidate, Andres Manuel Lopez , called for the de- militarization of our bilateral agenda while speaking to a U.S. think tank.9 Santiago Creel Miranda, a... manuel -l%C3%B3pez- obrador (accessed October 16, 2011) 10 Elimparcial. “Anti-narco fight will change if president: Creel,” http...Wilson Institute for Scholars: Mexico Institute. http://www.wilsoncenter.org/event/dialogues-mexicodi%C3%A1logos-con-m%C3%A9xico- featuring- andr %C3%A9s

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Volume 96, No. 4.

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-10-01

Test D. R. Palmer, T . M. Georges, J.J. 2432 transmissions Wilson, L. D. Weiner, J . A. Paisley, R. Mathiesen, R. R. Pleshek, R. R. Mabe Features of the...The first very long range phase-coded trans- missions were achieved by Spiesberger 8 in 1987. Still, there HI 12: D. R. Palmer, T . M. Georges, J . J ... T . G. Birdsall, K. Metzger, M. A. Dzieciuch and J . mammals exposed to transmissions from the Heard Island Spiesberger, "Integrated autocorrelation

Traveltime, reaeration, and water-quality characteristics during low-flow conditions in Wilsons Creek and the James River near Springfield, Missouri

USGS Publications Warehouse

Berkas, W.R.

1987-01-01

Before upgrading the Southwest Wastewater-Treatment Plant near Springfield, Missouri, to tertiary treatment, adverse water quality conditions resulting from discharge of wastewater effluent to Wilson Creek were documented in the creek and in the James River. About 7 years after the upgrading of the treatment plant, traveltime, reaeration, and water quality characteristics were determined in Wilsons Creek and the James River. Traveltime was measured once in Wilsons Creek and twice in the James River during low-flow conditions. Traveltimes in the James River were estimated for discharge between 55 and 200 cu ft/sec at a site near Boaz. Reaeration coefficients were calculated for five reaches in Wilsons Creek and the James River using the modified-tracer technique. Calculated reaeration coefficients were compared with coefficients predicted by twelve empirical equations and one equation was chosen that best fit the data. Water quality data were collected during two 44-hr periods, August 14 to 16, 1984, and July 23 to 25, 1985. Samples were collected at the outflow of the Southwest Wastewater Treatment Plant at seven sites along Wilsons Creek and the James River. Dissolved-oxygen concentrations in Wilsons Creek and the James River were all larger than Missouri 's water quality standard of 5.0 mg/l. Ammonia concentrations and 5-day carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demands were small, which indicated that the oxygen consumption by oxidizing ammonia and carbonaceous organic materials would be insignificant. Measured streambed oxygen demand in the James River was largest directly downstream from Wilsons Creek. (USGS)

Human Sociobiology: Wilson's Fallacy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lehrman, Nathaniel S.

1981-01-01

Presents an introduction to and a critique of E.O. Wilson's new science of sociobiology, which focuses on explaining the social behavior of species as diverse as ants, apes, and humans. Suggests that Wilson has gone beyond his data in claiming that complex human behaviors such as altruism are caused to any extent by genetic, as opposed to…

The Modern First Lady and Public Policy: From Edith Wilson through Hillary Rodham Clinton.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Black, Allida M.

2001-01-01

Discusses the role in and influence on public policy of twentieth century First Ladies including Edith Roosevelt, Helen Taft, Ellen Wilson, Edith Wilson, Florence Harding, Lou Henry Hoover, Eleanor Roosevelt, Jacqueline Kennedy, Lady Bird Johnson, Rosalynn Carter, Nancy Reagan, Barbara Bush, and Hillary Rodham Clinton. (CMK)

Effects of urban runoff and wastewater effluent on Wilsons Creek and James River near Springfield, Missouri

USGS Publications Warehouse

Berkas, Wayne R.

1980-01-01

Statistical analysis on water-quality parameters from James River upstream and downstream from the confluence of Wilsons Creek shows a significant difference for all parameters except temperature and dissolved silica at the 0.05 probability level. Regression analysis shows correlation for discharge with dissolved sodium, dissolved chloride, and dissolved potassium, and for specific conductance with dissolved chloride and dissolved sulfate at the station downstream from Wilsons Creek. This is due to the consistent quality of the effluent from the Southwest Wastewater Plant on Wilsons Creek. Water-quality monitor stations upstream and downstream from the wastewater plant indicate that the plant has a degrading effect on dissolved oxygen in Wilsons Creek and James River. The monitors also indicate that rainfall flushes momentarily poor quality water into Wilsons Creek from the urbanized Springfield area. Overall, the runoff is diluting the effluent from the wastewater plant. Rainfall and runoff stations indicate a rapid response of runoff to rainfall due to the high percentage of imperviousness and the filling or paving of sinkholes. (USGS)

Systematic review of health-related quality of life models

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background A systematic literature review was conducted to (a) identify the most frequently used health-related quality of life (HRQOL) models and (b) critique those models. Methods Online search engines were queried using pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. We reviewed titles, abstracts, and then full-text articles for their relevance to this review. Then the most commonly used models were identified, reviewed in tables, and critiqued using published criteria. Results Of 1,602 titles identified, 100 articles from 21 countries met the inclusion criteria. The most frequently used HRQOL models were: Wilson and Cleary (16%), Ferrans and colleagues (4%), or World Health Organization (WHO) (5%). Ferrans and colleagues’ model was a revision of Wilson and Cleary’s model and appeared to have the greatest potential to guide future HRQOL research and practice. Conclusions Recommendations are for researchers to use one of the three common HRQOL models unless there are compelling and clearly delineated reasons for creating new models. Disease-specific models can be derived from one of the three commonly used HRQOL models. We recommend Ferrans and colleagues’ model because they added individual and environmental characteristics to the popular Wilson and Cleary model to better explain HRQOL. Using a common HRQOL model across studies will promote a coherent body of evidence that will more quickly advance the science in the area of HRQOL. PMID:23158687

Inherited crustal features and tectonic blocks of the Transantarctic Mountains: An aeromagnetic perspective (Victoria Land, Antarctica)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ferraccioli, F.; Bozzo, E.

1999-11-01

Aeromagnetic images covering a sector of the Transantarctic Mountains in Victoria Land as well as the adjacent Ross Sea are used to study possible relationships between tectonic blocks along the Cenozoic and Mesozoic West Antarctic rift shoulder and prerift features inherited mainly from the Paleozoic terranes involved in the Ross Orogen. The segmentation between the Prince Albert Mountains block and the Deep Freeze Range-Terra Nova Bay region is related to an inherited NW to NNW ice-covered boundary, which we name the "central Victoria Land boundary." It is interpreted to be the unexposed, southern continuation of the Ross age back arc Exiles thrust system recognized at the Pacific coast. The regional magnetic high to the west of the central Victoria Land boundary is attributed to Ross age calc-alkaline back arc intrusives forming the in-board Wilson "Terrane," thus shifting the previously interpreted Precambrian "shield" at least 100 km farther to the west. The high-frequency anomalies of the Prince Albert Mountains and beneath the Polar Plateau show that this region was extensively effected by Jurassic tholeiitic magmatism; NE to NNE trending magnetic lineations within this pattern could reflect Cretaceous and/or Cenozoic faulting. The western and eastern edges of the Deep Freeze Range block, which flanks the Mesozoic Rennick Graben, are marked by two NW magnetic lineaments following the Priestley and Campbell Faults. The Campbell Fault is interpreted to be the reactivated Wilson thrust fault zone and is the site of a major isotopic discontinuity in the basement. To the east of the Campbell Fault, much higher amplitude magnetic anomalies reveal mafic-ultramafic intrusives associated with the alkaline Meander Intrusive Group (Eocene-Miocene). These intrusives are likely genetically linked to the highly uplifted Southern Cross Mountains block. The NW-SE trends crossing the previously recognized ENE trending Polar 3 Anomaly offshore of the Southern Cross Mountains are probably linked to Cenozoic reactivation of the Paleozoic Wilson-Bowers suture zone as proposed from recent seismic interpretations. The ENE trend of the anomaly may also be structural, and if so, it could reflect an inherited fault zone of the cratonal margin.

Dystonic storm: a practical clinical and video review.

PubMed

Termsarasab, Pichet; Frucht, Steven J

2017-01-01

Dystonic storm is a frightening hyperkinetic movement disorder emergency. Marked, rapid exacerbation of dystonia requires prompt intervention and admission to the intensive care unit. Clinical features of dystonic storm include fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, hypertension, sweating and autonomic instability, often progressing to bulbar dysfunction with dysarthria, dysphagia and respiratory failure. It is critical to recognize early and differentiate dystonic storm from other hyperkinetic movement disorder emergencies. Dystonic storm usually occurs in patients with known dystonia, such as DYT1 dystonia, Wilson's disease and dystonic cerebral palsy. Triggers such as infection or medication adjustment are present in about one-third of all events. Due to the significant morbidity and mortality of this disorder, we propose a management algorithm that divides decision making into two periods: the first 24 h, and the next 2-4 weeks. During the first 24 h, supportive therapy should be initiated, and appropriate patients should be identified early as candidates for pallidal deep brain stimulation or intrathecal baclofen. Management in the next 2-4 weeks aims at symptomatic dystonia control and supportive therapies.

Veterinary Research Manpower Development for Defense

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-01

Geographic Risk Factors for Disease Transmission between Livestock and Elephants in Chitwan, Nepal Philip Gerwin V’11 Dr. Mann The Role of...loss for the farmer, but also has negative impact on livelihoods. Using the Rose Bengal Agglutination Test, this study tested 163 goats to determine...and Mycobacterium avium in captive elephants in Nepal Trainee: Tierra Wilson Mentors: Dr. Gretchen Kaufman, Dr. Jean Mukherjee and Dr. Donna

Gordon Wilson Lecture: Infectious Disease Causes of Cancer: Opportunities for Prevention and Treatment.

PubMed

Howley, Peter M

2015-01-01

The role of infectious agents in cancer is generally underappreciated. However, approximately 20% of human cancers are caused by infectious agents and as such they rank second only to tobacco as a potentially preventable cause in humans. Specific viruses, parasites, and bacteria have been linked to specific human cancers. The infectious etiology for these specific cancers provides opportunities for prevention and treatment.

The Ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Argasidae, Ixodidae) of Taiwan: A Synonymic Checklist

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-01-01

Lyme disease in Taiwan" Primary isolation of Borrelia burgdor- idae). Acarina 10:95-136. Wilson...the recent emergence of Lyme borreliosis and human babesiosis in Taiwan (Shih and Chao 1998, 1999; Shih et al. 1997, 1998), it is imperative that these...the Ixodes kuntzi Hoogstraal & Kohls, principal vector of Lyme borreliosis in 1965.35 Taiwan collections in USNTC. northeastern Asia and is

The determination of copper in biological materials by flame spectrophotometry

PubMed Central

Newman, G. E.; Ryan, M.

1962-01-01

A method for the determination of the copper content of biological materials by flame spectrophotometry is described. The effects of interference by ions such as sodium and phosphate were eliminated by isolating copper as the dithizonate in CCl4. Results obtained for the urinary excretion of copper by a patient with Wilson's disease before and after treatment with penicillamine are reported. PMID:14479334

Equilibrium Bird Species Diversity in Atlantic Islands.

PubMed

Valente, Luis; Illera, Juan Carlos; Havenstein, Katja; Pallien, Tamara; Etienne, Rampal S; Tiedemann, Ralph

2017-06-05

Half a century ago, MacArthur and Wilson proposed that the number of species on islands tends toward a dynamic equilibrium diversity around which species richness fluctuates [1]. The current prevailing view in island biogeography accepts the fundamentals of MacArthur and Wilson's theory [2] but questions whether their prediction of equilibrium can be fulfilled over evolutionary timescales, given the unpredictable and ever-changing nature of island geological and biotic features [3-7]. Here we conduct a complete molecular phylogenetic survey of the terrestrial bird species from four oceanic archipelagos that make up the diverse Macaronesian bioregion-the Azores, the Canary Islands, Cape Verde, and Madeira [8, 9]. We estimate the times at which birds colonized and speciated in the four archipelagos, including many previously unsampled endemic and non-endemic taxa and their closest continental relatives. We develop and fit a new multi-archipelago dynamic stochastic model to these data, explicitly incorporating information from 91 taxa, both extant and extinct. Remarkably, we find that all four archipelagos have independently achieved and maintained a dynamic equilibrium over millions of years. Biogeographical rates are homogeneous across archipelagos, except for the Canary Islands, which exhibit higher speciation and colonization. Our finding that the avian communities of the four Macaronesian archipelagos display an equilibrium diversity pattern indicates that a diversity plateau may be rapidly achieved on islands where rates of in situ radiation are low and extinction is high. This study reveals that equilibrium processes may be more prevalent than recently proposed, supporting MacArthur and Wilson's 50-year-old theory. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

78 FR 51735 - Notice of FY 2013 Refugee Social Services Formula Awards to States and Wilson/Fish Alternative...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-21

... Refugee Social Services formula awards to States and Wilson/Fish Alternative Project grantees. The FY 2013 formula allocations for Social Services are available on ORR's Web site at: http://www.acf.hhs.gov...] Notice of FY 2013 Refugee Social Services Formula Awards to States and Wilson/Fish Alternative Project...

What to Teach about Asia: Howard Wilson and the Committee on Asiatic Studies in the 1940s

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaffer, Robert

2001-01-01

In 1942, Howard Wilson, a professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education and the editor of the Harvard Educational Review, called for the "easternization of America," in reaction to what he called the "glib" talk for years about the "westernization of Asia." Funded by the Rockefeller Foundation, Wilson's…

Wilson-Racah quantum system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alhaidari, A. D.; Taiwo, T. J.

2017-02-01

Using a recent formulation of quantum mechanics without a potential function, we present a four-parameter system associated with the Wilson and Racah polynomials. The continuum scattering states are written in terms of the Wilson polynomials whose asymptotics give the scattering amplitude and phase shift. On the other hand, the finite number of discrete bound states are associated with the Racah polynomials.

33 CFR 110.218 - Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. 110.218 Section 110.218 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST... Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. (a) The anchorage grounds...

33 CFR 110.218 - Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. 110.218 Section 110.218 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST... Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. (a) The anchorage grounds...

33 CFR 110.218 - Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. 110.218 Section 110.218 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST... Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. (a) The anchorage grounds...

33 CFR 110.218 - Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. 110.218 Section 110.218 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST... Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. (a) The anchorage grounds...

Unfair Treatment vs. Confirmation Bias? Comments on Santelices and Wilson. Research Report. ETS RR-10-20

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dorans, Neil J.

2010-01-01

Santelices and Wilson (2010) claimed to have addressed technical criticisms of Freedle (2003) presented in Dorans (2004a) and elsewhere. Santelices and Wilson's abstract claimed that their study confirmed that SAT[R] verbal items do function differently for African American and White subgroups. In this commentary, I demonstrate that the…

Woodrow Wilson: Prophet of Peace. Teaching with Historic Places.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goehner, Thomas B.

This lesson describes President Woodrow Wilson's struggle with and his ultimate failure at achieving lasting world peace through the League of Nations. The lesson focuses on November 23, 1923, the eve of the fifth anniversary of the Armistice that concluded World War I, when a frail and ill Wilson was ready to deliver a commemorative address by…

33 CFR 110.218 - Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. 110.218 Section 110.218 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST... Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. (a) The anchorage grounds...

How Hugh Hampton Young's treatment of President Woodrow Wilson's urinary retention and urosepsis affected the resolution of World War I.

PubMed

Fogg, Ryan; Kutikov, Alexander; Uzzo, Robert G; Canter, Daniel

2011-09-01

President Woodrow Wilson was never able to gain ratification of the Treaty of Versailles, the peace accord to end World War I. Before he could convince the American people of the importance of ratification, Wilson suffered a stroke followed by life threatening urinary sepsis due to urinary retention, and was treated by the father of modern urology, Hugh Hampton Young. The effects of these health problems are examined in the context of their implications on international affairs. Biographical sources and primary documentation of Wilson's physicians were reviewed to determine the effect of Wilson's stroke on his voiding habits. Hugh Hampton Young's evaluation and decision making is examined in depth. In the fall of 1919 President Wilson was recovering from a stroke. Shortly after the stroke his preexisting voiding dysfunction progressed to urinary retention from which urinary sepsis developed. Hugh Hampton Young advised on Wilson's case and counseled patience over surgery. The President began voiding spontaneously and recovered from sepsis. The illness left him severely weakened and unable to mount an aggressive campaign to persuade the U.S. Senate of the importance of ratifying the Treaty of Versailles. His personal physician, Admiral Cary T. Grayson, stated that the President was mentally never the same after the sepsis. Wilson's voiding dysfunction contributed to his inability to win approval for the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations. As a result, the United States returned to a policy of isolationism and Europe plunged into 2 decades of upheaval, leading to World War II. Copyright © 2011 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Woodrow Wilson's hidden stroke of 1919: the impact of patient-physician confidentiality on United States foreign policy.

PubMed

Menger, Richard P; Storey, Christopher M; Guthikonda, Bharat; Missios, Symeon; Nanda, Anil; Cooper, John M

2015-07-01

World War I catapulted the United States from traditional isolationism to international involvement in a major European conflict. Woodrow Wilson envisaged a permanent American imprint on democracy in world affairs through participation in the League of Nations. Amid these defining events, Wilson suffered a major ischemic stroke on October 2, 1919, which left him incapacitated. What was probably his fourth and most devastating stroke was diagnosed and treated by his friend and personal physician, Admiral Cary Grayson. Grayson, who had tremendous personal and professional loyalty to Wilson, kept the severity of the stroke hidden from Congress, the American people, and even the president himself. During a cabinet briefing, Grayson formally refused to sign a document of disability and was reluctant to address the subject of presidential succession. Wilson was essentially incapacitated and hemiplegic, yet he remained an active president and all messages were relayed directly through his wife, Edith. Patient-physician confidentiality superseded national security amid the backdrop of friendship and political power on the eve of a pivotal juncture in the history of American foreign policy. It was in part because of the absence of Woodrow Wilson's vocal and unwavering support that the United States did not join the League of Nations and distanced itself from the international stage. The League of Nations would later prove powerless without American support and was unable to thwart the rise and advance of Adolf Hitler. Only after World War II did the United States assume its global leadership role and realize Wilson's visionary, yet contentious, groundwork for a Pax Americana. The authors describe Woodrow Wilson's stroke, the historical implications of his health decline, and its impact on United States foreign policy.

Breeding habitat use by sympatric and allopatric populations of Wilson's Warblers and Yellow Warblers

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ruth, J.M.; Stanley, T.R.

2002-01-01

We studied Wilson's Warbler (Wilsonia pusilla) and Yellow Warbler (Dendroica petechia) habitat use in allopatric and sympatric populations in the Rocky Mountains of northern Colorado and southeastern Wyoming in order to better understand the different habitat needs and interactions of these two species. Foraging Wilson's Warblers and Yellow Warblers used very similar habitat, both selecting larger, more open shrubs. In spite of similar foraging habitat, comparisons of habitat use by the two species at the sympatric sites yielded no evidence of foraging habitat partitioning or exclusion. There was evidence of nesting habitat partitioning. Wilson's Warblers nested on the ground, with some evidence that they used smaller, more densely stemmed shrubs under which to nest. Yellow Warblers are shrub nesters and selected larger, more open shrubs in which to nest. Results provide no evidence that Yellow Warblers can be blamed for population declines in Wilson's Warblers.

Wilson Disease: Epigenetic effects of choline supplementation on phenotype and clinical course in a mouse model.

PubMed

Medici, Valentina; Kieffer, Dorothy A; Shibata, Noreene M; Chima, Harpreet; Kim, Kyoungmi; Canovas, Angela; Medrano, Juan F; Islas-Trejo, Alma D; Kharbanda, Kusum K; Olson, Kristin; Su, Ruijun J; Islam, Mohammad S; Syed, Raisa; Keen, Carl L; Miller, Amy Y; Rutledge, John C; Halsted, Charles H; LaSalle, Janine M

2016-11-01

Wilson disease (WD), a genetic disorder affecting copper transport, is characterized by hepatic and neurological manifestations with variable and often unpredictable presentation. Global DNA methylation in liver was previously modified by dietary choline in tx-j mice, a spontaneous mutant model of WD. We therefore hypothesized that the WD phenotype and hepatic gene expression of tx-j offspring could be modified by maternal methyl supplementation during pregnancy. In an initial experiment, female tx-j mice or wild type mice were fed control or choline-supplemented diets 2 weeks prior to mating through embryonic day 17. Transcriptomic analysis (RNA-seq) on embryonic livers revealed tx-j-specific differences in genes related to oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the neurological disorders Huntington's disease and Alzheimer disease. Maternal choline supplementation restored the transcript levels of a subset of genes to wild type levels. In a separate experiment, a group of tx-j offspring continued to receive choline-supplemented or control diets, with or without the copper chelator penicillamine (PCA) for 12 weeks until 24 weeks of age. Combined choline supplementation and PCA treatment of 24-week-old tx-j mice was associated with increased liver transcript levels of methionine metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation-related genes. Sex differences in gene expression within each treatment group were also observed. These results demonstrate that the transcriptional changes in oxidative phosphorylation and methionine metabolism genes in WD that originate during fetal life are, in part, prevented by prenatal maternal choline supplementation, a finding with potential relevance to preventive treatments of WD.

Wilson Disease: Epigenetic effects of choline supplementation on phenotype and clinical course in a mouse model

PubMed Central

Medici, Valentina; Kieffer, Dorothy A.; Shibata, Noreene M.; Chima, Harpreet; Kim, Kyoungmi; Canovas, Angela; Medrano, Juan F.; Islas-Trejo, Alma D.; Kharbanda, Kusum K.; Olson, Kristin; Su, Ruijun J.; Islam, Mohammad S.; Syed, Raisa; Keen, Carl L.; Miller, Amy Y.; Rutledge, John C.; Halsted, Charles H.; LaSalle, Janine M.

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT Wilson disease (WD), a genetic disorder affecting copper transport, is characterized by hepatic and neurological manifestations with variable and often unpredictable presentation. Global DNA methylation in liver was previously modified by dietary choline in tx-j mice, a spontaneous mutant model of WD. We therefore hypothesized that the WD phenotype and hepatic gene expression of tx-j offspring could be modified by maternal methyl supplementation during pregnancy. In an initial experiment, female tx-j mice or wild type mice were fed control or choline-supplemented diets 2 weeks prior to mating through embryonic day 17. Transcriptomic analysis (RNA-seq) on embryonic livers revealed tx-j-specific differences in genes related to oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the neurological disorders Huntington's disease and Alzheimer disease. Maternal choline supplementation restored the transcript levels of a subset of genes to wild type levels. In a separate experiment, a group of tx-j offspring continued to receive choline-supplemented or control diets, with or without the copper chelator penicillamine (PCA) for 12 weeks until 24 weeks of age. Combined choline supplementation and PCA treatment of 24-week-old tx-j mice was associated with increased liver transcript levels of methionine metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation-related genes. Sex differences in gene expression within each treatment group were also observed. These results demonstrate that the transcriptional changes in oxidative phosphorylation and methionine metabolism genes in WD that originate during fetal life are, in part, prevented by prenatal maternal choline supplementation, a finding with potential relevance to preventive treatments of WD. PMID:27611852

77 FR 52752 - Notice of FY 2012 Refugee Social Services Formula Awards to States and Wilson/Fish Alternative...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-30

... allocations for Social Services are available on ORR's Web site at: http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/orr/policy...] Notice of FY 2012 Refugee Social Services Formula Awards to States and Wilson/Fish Alternative Project... allocation of Refugee Social Services formula awards to States and Wilson/Fish Alternative Project grantees...

Precision in the Teaching, Learning, and Communication of Elementary School Mathematics: A Reply to Wilson's "Elementary School Mathematics Priorities"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maher, Carolyn; Weber, Keith

2009-01-01

In "Elementary School Mathematics Priorities," Wilson (2009 [this issue]) presents a list of five core concepts that students should master in elementary school so that they can succeed in algebra. As researchers in mathematics education, the authors enthusiastically endorse Wilson's recommendations. Learning algebra is key to further study of…

Fermilab Tours

Science.gov Websites

is limited. Check the calendar for dates and registration. Visitors meet in the Wilson Hall atrium and making your way to the 1st floor of Wilson Hall in time for the tour. Fermilab is a busy lab so Fermilab's exhibit and viewing areas on the 15th floor of Wilson Hall are open Monday-Friday from 8 a.m. to 4

Polynitrogen Chemistry, Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structure of Surprisingly Stable Fluoroantimonate Salts of N5(+)

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-03-01

Ber. 1966, 99, 1589. (6) Pankratov , V. A.; Savenkova, N. I. Zhur. Neorg. Khim. 1968, 13, 2610. (7) Christe, K. 0.; Wilson, R. D.; Sawodny, W, J. Mol...Structure 1971, 8, 245. Christe, K. 0.; Wilson, R. D.; Wilson, W. W.; Bau, R.; Sukumar, S.; Dixon, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991 , 113, 1991 . (8

Weak hamiltonian Wilson Coefficients from Lattice QCD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bruno, Mattia

2018-03-01

n this work we present a calculation of the Wilson Coefficients C1 and C2 of the Effective Weak Hamiltonian to all-orders in αs, using lattice simulations. Given the current availability of lattice spacings we restrict our calculation to unphysically light W bosons around 2 GeV and we study the systematic uncertainties of the two Wilson Coefficients.

78 FR 68073 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-13

... member of a family control group consisting of James T. Wilson, Jr., Sarah Wilson, James Terill Wilson... FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company The notificants listed below have applied under the Change in Bank Control Act (12 U.S.C...

The Impact of Literacy Intervention on Academic Performance of Third Grade At-Risk Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williams, Vernita

2015-01-01

Third grade at-risk students in Wilson County Schools, Wilson, NC continuously perform below the state average on the North Carolina Third Grade Reading End-of-Grade test. Leaders in the Wilson County Schools school district implemented a literacy pull-out intervention program for third grade at-risk students as a strategy to improve reading…

Sunspots: Wilson Effect

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maltby, P.; Murdin, P.

2000-11-01

The Wilson effect refers to the depressed appearance of SUNSPOTS when positioned close to the solar limb. The impression is that sunspots are cavities in the SOLAR PHOTOSPHERE. The reason is that the radiation we observe is coming from deeper layers in the sunspot than in the surrounding photosphere. The detection of this depression by Alexander Wilson dates back to 1769. The phenomenon is exp...

"Mens Sana in Corpore Sano": Human Values in Thomas Wilson's "The Arte of Rhetorique."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Luehring, Janet

In 1553 the work that is touted as the first complete book written in English on rhetoric was published, Thomas Wilson's "Arte of Rhetorique." It became so popular it enjoyed eight printings within its century. Wilson was not a person to translate and read just for knowledge; he believed that knowledge should be imparted to the general…

The Cultural Origins and Play Philosophy of Playworkers: An Interview with Penny Wilson

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Journal of Play, 2009

2009-01-01

Penny Wilson is a playworker--one of a group of professionals who facilitate children's play in adventure playgrounds, parks, and other settings, principally in the United Kingdom. Wilson grew up in the Southeast of England and spent much of her childhood playing on the coast near her family home. She studied illustration in art school, settled in…

The principles of teratology: are they still true?

PubMed

Friedman, Jan M

2010-10-01

James Wilson originally proposed a set of "Principles of Teratology" in 1959, the year before he helped to found the Teratology Society. By 1977, when these Principles were presented in a more definitive form in Wilson and Fraser's Handbook of Teratology, they had become a standard formulation of the basic tenets of the field. Wilson's Principles have continued to guide scientific research in teratology, and they are widely used in teaching. Recent advances in our knowledge of the molecular and cellular bases of embryogenesis serve only to provide a deeper understanding of the fundamental developmental mechanisms that underlie Wilson's Principles of Teratology. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Nuclear force from lattice QCD.

PubMed

Ishii, N; Aoki, S; Hatsuda, T

2007-07-13

The nucleon-nucleon (NN) potential is studied by lattice QCD simulations in the quenched approximation, using the plaquette gauge action and the Wilson quark action on a 32(4) [approximately (4.4 fm)(4)] lattice. A NN potential V(NN)(r) is defined from the equal-time Bethe-Salpeter amplitude with a local interpolating operator for the nucleon. By studying the NN interaction in the (1)S(0) and (3)S(1) channels, we show that the central part of V(NN)(r) has a strong repulsive core of a few hundred MeV at short distances (r approximately < 0.5 fm) surrounded by an attractive well at medium and long distances. These features are consistent with the known phenomenological features of the nuclear force.

Consolidated principles for screening based on a systematic review and consensus process.

PubMed

Dobrow, Mark J; Hagens, Victoria; Chafe, Roger; Sullivan, Terrence; Rabeneck, Linda

2018-04-09

In 1968, Wilson and Jungner published 10 principles of screening that often represent the de facto starting point for screening decisions today; 50 years on, are these principles still the right ones? Our objectives were to review published work that presents principles for population-based screening decisions since Wilson and Jungner's seminal publication, and to conduct a Delphi consensus process to assess the review results. We conducted a systematic review and modified Delphi consensus process. We searched multiple databases for articles published in English in 1968 or later that were intended to guide population-based screening decisions, described development and modification of principles, and presented principles as a set or list. Identified sets were compared for basic characteristics (e.g., number, categorization), a citation analysis was conducted, and principles were iteratively synthesized and consolidated into categories to assess evolution. Participants in the consensus process assessed the level of agreement with the importance and interpretability of the consolidated screening principles. We identified 41 sets and 367 unique principles. Each unique principle was coded to 12 consolidated decision principles that were further categorized as disease/condition, test/intervention or program/system principles. Program or system issues were the focus of 3 of Wilson and Jungner's 10 principles, but comprised almost half of all unique principles identified in the review. The 12 consolidated principles were assessed through 2 rounds of the consensus process, leading to specific refinements to improve their relevance and interpretability. No gaps or missing principles were identified. Wilson and Jungner's principles are remarkably enduring, but increasingly reflect a truncated version of contemporary thinking on screening that does not fully capture subsequent focus on program or system principles. Ultimately, this review and consensus process provides a comprehensive and iterative modernization of guidance to inform population-based screening decisions. © 2018 Joule Inc. or its licensors.

Consolidated principles for screening based on a systematic review and consensus process

PubMed Central

Hagens, Victoria; Chafe, Roger; Sullivan, Terrence; Rabeneck, Linda

2018-01-01

BACKGROUND: In 1968, Wilson and Jungner published 10 principles of screening that often represent the de facto starting point for screening decisions today; 50 years on, are these principles still the right ones? Our objectives were to review published work that presents principles for population-based screening decisions since Wilson and Jungner’s seminal publication, and to conduct a Delphi consensus process to assess the review results. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and modified Delphi consensus process. We searched multiple databases for articles published in English in 1968 or later that were intended to guide population-based screening decisions, described development and modification of principles, and presented principles as a set or list. Identified sets were compared for basic characteristics (e.g., number, categorization), a citation analysis was conducted, and principles were iteratively synthesized and consolidated into categories to assess evolution. Participants in the consensus process assessed the level of agreement with the importance and interpretability of the consolidated screening principles. RESULTS: We identified 41 sets and 367 unique principles. Each unique principle was coded to 12 consolidated decision principles that were further categorized as disease/condition, test/intervention or program/system principles. Program or system issues were the focus of 3 of Wilson and Jungner’s 10 principles, but comprised almost half of all unique principles identified in the review. The 12 consolidated principles were assessed through 2 rounds of the consensus process, leading to specific refinements to improve their relevance and interpretability. No gaps or missing principles were identified. INTERPRETATION: Wilson and Jungner’s principles are remarkably enduring, but increasingly reflect a truncated version of contemporary thinking on screening that does not fully capture subsequent focus on program or system principles. Ultimately, this review and consensus process provides a comprehensive and iterative modernization of guidance to inform population-based screening decisions. PMID:29632037

Dollar Summary of Prime Contract Awards by Contractor, State or Country, and Place, FY83, Part 3 (Planning Design & Research Engr-Zytron Corp.)

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-01

MACNEIL CONSTR CO INC AIR FORCE ACADEMY COLORADO 77 77SCHEUNER MACNEIL CONSTR CO INC FORT CARSON COLORADO 51 51SCHEUNER MACNEIL CONSTR CO INC ALPENA ...69 69 WILSON DORIITORY MANAGEMENT CO ALPENA MICHIGAN 41 41 41 41 WILSON EXCAVATING & BLDG CONTR LEXINGTON KENTUCKY 86 86 86 86 WILSON F 5 0

Dream Recall Frequencies and Dream Content in Wilson's Disease with and without REM Sleep Behaviour Disorder: A Neurooneirologic Study.

PubMed

Tribl, Gotthard G; Trindade, Mateus C; Schredl, Michael; Pires, Joana; Reinhard, Iris; Bittencourt, Thais; Lorenzi-Filho, Geraldo; Alves, Rosana Cardoso; de Andrade, Daniel Ciampi; Fonoff, Erich T; Bor-Seng-Shu, Edson; Machado, Alexandre A; Teixeira, Manoel J; Barbosa, Egberto R

2016-01-01

Objective. Violent dream content and its acting out during rapid eye movement sleep are considered distinctive for rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (RBD). This study reports first quantitative data on dreaming in a cohort of patients with treated Wilson's disease (WD) and in patients with WD with RBD. Methods. Retrospective questionnaires on different dimensions of dreaming and a prospective two-week home dream diary with self-rating of emotions and blinded, categorical rating of content by an external judge. Results. WD patients showed a significantly lower dream word count and very few other differences in dream characteristics compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Compared to WD patients without RBD, patients with WD and RBD reported significantly higher nightmare frequencies and more dreams with violent or aggressive content retrospectively; their prospectively collected dream reports contained significantly more negative emotions and aggression. Conclusions. The reduction in dream length might reflect specific cognitive deficits in WD. The lack of differences regarding dream content might be explained by the established successful WD treatment. RBD in WD had a strong impact on dreaming. In accordance with the current definition of RBD, violent, aggressive dream content seems to be a characteristic of RBD also in WD.

Dream Recall Frequencies and Dream Content in Wilson's Disease with and without REM Sleep Behaviour Disorder: A Neurooneirologic Study

PubMed Central

Trindade, Mateus C.; Schredl, Michael; Pires, Joana; Reinhard, Iris; Bittencourt, Thais; Lorenzi-Filho, Geraldo; Alves, Rosana Cardoso; de Andrade, Daniel Ciampi; Fonoff, Erich T.; Bor-Seng-Shu, Edson; Machado, Alexandre A.; Teixeira, Manoel J.; Barbosa, Egberto R.

2016-01-01

Objective. Violent dream content and its acting out during rapid eye movement sleep are considered distinctive for rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (RBD). This study reports first quantitative data on dreaming in a cohort of patients with treated Wilson's disease (WD) and in patients with WD with RBD. Methods. Retrospective questionnaires on different dimensions of dreaming and a prospective two-week home dream diary with self-rating of emotions and blinded, categorical rating of content by an external judge. Results. WD patients showed a significantly lower dream word count and very few other differences in dream characteristics compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Compared to WD patients without RBD, patients with WD and RBD reported significantly higher nightmare frequencies and more dreams with violent or aggressive content retrospectively; their prospectively collected dream reports contained significantly more negative emotions and aggression. Conclusions. The reduction in dream length might reflect specific cognitive deficits in WD. The lack of differences regarding dream content might be explained by the established successful WD treatment. RBD in WD had a strong impact on dreaming. In accordance with the current definition of RBD, violent, aggressive dream content seems to be a characteristic of RBD also in WD. PMID:27051076

Wilson disease - currently used anticopper therapy.

PubMed

Członkowska, Anna; Litwin, Tomasz

2017-01-01

Wilson disease (WD) is a genetic disorder of copper metabolism that can be treated successfully with pharmacologic treatment. Two groups of drugs are currently used: chelators (e.g., d-penicillamine and trientine), which increase urinary copper excretion, and zinc salts, which inhibit copper absorption in the digestive tract. The mechanisms of action lead to a negative copper balance, stopping pathologic accumulation of copper in the tissues and clearing affected organs of copper overload. Due to a lack of prospective clinical trials, the use of drugs depends mainly on center experience and the accessibility in different countries or regions. This chapter presents the different reports and recommendations regarding WD treatment. In addition to the different expert opinions on pharmacologic agents, there are a few axioms regarding WD treatment: treatment should start immediately after diagnosis, even in clinically presymptomatic cases; the patient should be treated for life, making compliance a key factor in treatment success; and the treatment should be monitored regularly via liver and hematologic tests, neurologic examination, and copper metabolism, modifying the treatment accordingly. Other drugs proposed for WD treatment (e.g., tetrathiomolybdate) are in clinical trials and lack current recommendations. Thus, only the currently available options for WD pharmacologic treatment are discussed. © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Critical involvement of ZEB2 in collagen fibrillogenesis: the molecular similarity between Mowat-Wilson syndrome and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

PubMed

Teraishi, Mika; Takaishi, Mikiro; Nakajima, Kimiko; Ikeda, Mitsunori; Higashi, Yujiro; Shimoda, Shinji; Asada, Yoshinobu; Hijikata, Atsushi; Ohara, Osamu; Hiraki, Yoko; Mizuno, Seiji; Fukada, Toshiyuki; Furukawa, Takahisa; Wakamatsu, Nobuaki; Sano, Shigetoshi

2017-04-19

Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MOWS) is a congenital disease caused by de novo heterozygous loss of function mutations or deletions of the ZEB2 gene. MOWS patients show multiple anomalies including intellectual disability, a distinctive facial appearance, microcephaly, congenital heart defects and Hirschsprung disease. However, the skin manifestation(s) of patients with MOWS has not been documented in detail. Here, we recognized that MOWS patients exhibit many Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS)-like symptoms, such as skin hyperextensibility, atrophic scars and joint hypermobility. MOWS patients showed a thinner dermal thickness and electron microscopy revealed miniaturized collagen fibrils. Notably, mice with a mesoderm-specific deletion of the Zeb2 gene (Zeb2-cKO) demonstrated redundant skin, dermal hypoplasia and miniaturized collagen fibrils similar to those of MOWS patients. Dermal fibroblasts derived from Zeb2-cKO mice showed a decreased expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, such as collagens, whereas molecules involved in degradation of the ECM, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), were up-regulated. Furthermore, bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis was attenuated in Zeb2-cKO mice. We conclude that MOWS patients exhibit an EDS-like skin phenotype through alterations of collagen fibrillogenesis due to ZEB2 mutations or deletions.

Wilson loop's phase transition probed by non-local observable

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Hui-Ling; Feng, Zhong-Wen; Yang, Shu-Zheng; Zu, Xiao-Tao

2018-04-01

In order to give further insights into the holographic Van der Waals phase transition, it would be of great interest to investigate the behavior of Wilson loop across the holographic phase transition for a higher dimensional hairy black hole. We offer a possibility to proceed with a numerical calculation in order to discussion on the hairy black hole's phase transition, and show that Wilson loop can serve as a probe to detect a phase structure of the black hole. Furthermore, for a first order phase transition, we calculate numerically the Maxwell's equal area construction; and for a second order phase transition, we also study the critical exponent in order to characterize the Wilson loop's phase transition.

Conformal blocks from Wilson lines with loop corrections

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hikida, Yasuaki; Uetoko, Takahiro

2018-04-01

We compute the conformal blocks of the Virasoro minimal model or its WN extension with large central charge from Wilson line networks in a Chern-Simons theory including loop corrections. In our previous work, we offered a prescription to regularize divergences from loops attached to Wilson lines. In this paper, we generalize our method with the prescription by dealing with more general operators for N =3 and apply it to the identity W3 block. We further compute general light-light blocks and heavy-light correlators for N =2 with the Wilson line method and compare the results with known ones obtained using a different prescription. We briefly discuss general W3 blocks.

Non-Abelian Stokes theorem for the Wilson loop operator in an arbitrary representation and its implication to quark confinement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Matsudo, Ryutaro; Kondo, Kei-Ichi

2015-12-01

We give a gauge-independent definition of magnetic monopoles in the S U (N ) Yang-Mills theory through the Wilson loop operator. For this purpose, we give an explicit proof of the Diakonov-Petrov version of the non-Abelian Stokes theorem for the Wilson loop operator in an arbitrary representation of the S U (N ) gauge group to derive a new form for the non-Abelian Stokes theorem. The new form is used to extract the magnetic-monopole contribution to the Wilson loop operator in a gauge-invariant way, which enables us to discuss confinement of quarks in any representation from the viewpoint of the dual superconductor vacuum.

Wilson Lines and Webs in Higher-Order QCD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

White, Chris D.

2018-03-01

Wilson lines have a number of uses in non-abelian gauge theories. A topical example in QCD is the description of radiation in the soft or collinear limit, which must often be resummed to all orders in perturbation theory. Correlators involving a pair of Wilson lines are known to exponentiate in terms of special Feynman diagrams called "webs". I will show how this language can be extended to an arbitrary number of Wilson lines, which introduces novel new combinatoric structures (web mixing matrices) of interest in their own right. I will also summarise recent results obtained from applying this formalism at three-loop order, before concluding with a list of open problems.

Wilson loops and its correlators with chiral operators in N = 2, 4 SCFT at large N

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sysoeva, E.

2018-03-01

In this paper we compute the vacuum expectation value of the Wilson loop and its correlators with chiral primary operators in N = 2, 4 superconformal U( N ) gauge theories at large N . After localization these quantities can be computed in terms of a deformed U( N ) matrix model. The Wilson loops we deal with are in the fundamental and symmetric representations.

The value-adding CFO: an interview with Disney's Gary Wilson. Interview by Geraldine E. Willigan.

PubMed

Wilson, G

1990-01-01

Financing a company is more complex than ever-and more important to its economic success. The demands on a CFO are tremendous. Optimizing capital costs requires an unprecedented level of technical sophistication. Yet the best CFOs today are not mere technicians. They are also strategists and innovators. Gary Wilson exemplifies the new CFO. In his 5 years as executive vice president and CFO of the Walt Disney Company and his 12 years at Marriott Corporation, he has shown how the finance function can add value-not just account for it. How does a CFO create value for shareholders? "Just like all the great marketing and operating executives," Wilson says, "by being creative." To Wilson, being creative means rethinking assumptions and finding clever ways to achieve financial and strategic goals. Some of Wilson's innovative deal making-like the off-balance-sheet financing he used at Marriott-is well known. At Marriott, he discovered the power of separating the ownership of an asset from its control. Marriott's strength was in operations, yet the company had a great deal of money tied up in real estate. Growth would require even more investment in real estate. Wilson's solution was to sell the hotels-in effect, removing them and the debt used to finance them from the balance sheet-and contract to operate them. In this interview, Wilson gives his view of the role of finance in today's corporation and explains the thinking behind some of the successful deals he has engineered-including Disney's Silver Screen movie-making partnerships and Euro Disneyland.

Renormalization Group Theory, the Epsilon Expansion and Ken Wilson as I knew Him

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fisher, Michael E.

The tasks posed for renormalization group theory (RGT) within statistical physics by critical phenomena theory in the 1960's are set out briefly in contradistinction to quantum field theory (QFT), which was the origin for Ken Wilson's concerns. Kadanoff's 1966 block spin scaling picture and its difficulties are presented;Wilson's early vision of flows is described from the author's perspective. How Wilson's subsequent breakthrough ideas, published in 1971, led to the epsilon expansion and the resulting clarity is related. Concluding sections complete the general picture of flows in a space of Hamiltonians, universality and scaling. The article represents a 40% condensation (but with added items) of an earlier account: Rev. Mod. Phys. 70, 653-681 (1998).

An Interactive Microcomputer Wargame for an Air Battle.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-10-01

Monterey, California THESIS An Interactive Microcomputer Wargame for an Air Battle by James Owen Wilson October 1982 Thesis Advisor: A. F. Andrus...CONTIRCT 00 GRAN0T 186degg(.J James Owen Wilson 11101FRINA 111ANZATGN 0009 O GO498 1. PROGRAM 9L9060" . PRJr.AS S. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ f9 PR@UN...Wargame for an Air Battle by James Owen Wilson Lieutenant, United States Navy oo B.A., University of Texas, 1974 Accession ForSubmitted in partial

Towards a nonperturbative calculation of weak Hamiltonian Wilson coefficients

DOE PAGES

Bruno, Mattia; Lehner, Christoph; Soni, Amarjit

2018-04-20

Here, we propose a method to compute the Wilson coefficients of the weak effective Hamiltonian to all orders in the strong coupling constant using Lattice QCD simulations. We perform our calculations adopting an unphysically light weak boson mass of around 2 GeV. We demonstrate that systematic errors for the Wilson coefficients C 1 and C 2, related to the current-current four-quark operators, can be controlled and present a path towards precise determinations in subsequent works.

Towards a nonperturbative calculation of weak Hamiltonian Wilson coefficients

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bruno, Mattia; Lehner, Christoph; Soni, Amarjit; Rbc; Ukqcd Collaborations

2018-04-01

We propose a method to compute the Wilson coefficients of the weak effective Hamiltonian to all orders in the strong coupling constant using Lattice QCD simulations. We perform our calculations adopting an unphysically light weak boson mass of around 2 GeV. We demonstrate that systematic errors for the Wilson coefficients C1 and C2 , related to the current-current four-quark operators, can be controlled and present a path towards precise determinations in subsequent works.

Towards a nonperturbative calculation of weak Hamiltonian Wilson coefficients

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bruno, Mattia; Lehner, Christoph; Soni, Amarjit

Here, we propose a method to compute the Wilson coefficients of the weak effective Hamiltonian to all orders in the strong coupling constant using Lattice QCD simulations. We perform our calculations adopting an unphysically light weak boson mass of around 2 GeV. We demonstrate that systematic errors for the Wilson coefficients C 1 and C 2, related to the current-current four-quark operators, can be controlled and present a path towards precise determinations in subsequent works.

Neuropareidolia: diagnostic clues apropos of visual illusions.

PubMed

Maranhão-Filho, Péricles; Vincent, Maurice B

2009-12-01

Diagnosis in neuroimaging involves the recognition of specific patterns indicative of particular diseases. Pareidolia, the misperception of vague or obscure stimuli being perceived as something clear and distinct, is somewhat beneficial for the physician in the pursuit of diagnostic strategies. Animals may be pareidolically recognized in neuroimages according to the presence of specific diseases. By associating a given radiological aspect with an animal, doctors improve their diagnostic skills and reinforce mnemonic strategies in radiology practice. The most important pareidolical perceptions of animals in neuroimaging are the hummingbird sign in progressive supranuclear palsy, the panda sign in Wilson's disease, the panda sign in sarcoidosis, the butterfly sign in glioblastomas, the butterfly sign in progressive scoliosis and horizontal gaze palsy, the elephant sign in Alzheimer's disease and the eye-of-the-tiger sign in pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegenerative disease.

77 FR 49439 - National Security Education Board Members Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-16

.... ADDRESSES: Defense Language and National Security Education Office, 1101 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 1210... National Security Education Office (DLNSEO), 1101 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 1210, Rosslyn, Virginia 22209...

Diet of Wilson's warblers and distribution of arthropod prey in the understory of Douglas-fir forests

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hagar, Joan C.; Dugger, Kate; Starkey, Edward E.

2007-01-01

Availability of food resources is an important factor in avian habitat selection. Food resources for terrestrial birds often are closely related to vegetation structure and composition. Identification of plant species important in supporting food resources may facilitate vegetation management to achieve objectives for providing bird habitat. We used fecal analysis to describe the diet of adult Wilson's Warblers (Wilsonia pusilla) that foraged in the understory of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) forests in western Oregon during the breeding season. We sampled arthropods at the same sites where diet data were collected, and compared abundance and biomass of prey among seven common shrub species. Wilson's Warblers ate more caterpillars (Lepidoptera larvae), flies (Diptera), beetles (Coleoptera), and Homoptera than expected based on availability. Deciduous shrubs supported higher abundances of arthropod taxa and size classes used as prey by Wilson's Warblers than did evergreen shrubs. The development and maintenance of deciduous understory vegetation in conifer forests of the Pacific Northwest may be fundamental for conservation of food webs that support breeding Wilson's Warblers and other shrub-associated, insectivorous songbirds.

Arthropod prey of Wilson's Warblers in the understory of Douglas-fir forests

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hagar, J.C.; Dugger, K.M.; Starkey, E.E.

2007-01-01

Availability of food resources is an important factor in avian habitat selection. Food resources for terrestrial birds often are closely related to vegetation structure and composition. Identification of plant species important in supporting food resources may facilitate vegetation management to achieve objectives for providing bird habitat. We used fecal analysis to describe the diet of adult Wilson's Warblers (Wilsonia pusilla) that foraged in the understory of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) forests in western Oregon during the breeding season. We sampled arthropods at the same sites where diet data were collected, and compared abundance and biomass of prey among seven common shrub species. Wilson's Warblers ate more caterpillars (Lepidoptera larvae), flies (Diptera), beetles (Coleoptera), and Homoptera than expected based on availability. Deciduous shrubs supported higher abundances of arthropod taxa and size classes used as prey by Wilson's Warblers than did evergreen shrubs. The development and maintenance of deciduous understory vegetation in conifer forests of the Pacific Northwest may be fundamental for conservation of food webs that support breeding Wilson's Warblers and other shrub-associated, insectivorous songbirds.

[Influenza virus].

PubMed

Juozapaitis, Mindaugas; Antoniukas, Linas

2007-01-01

Every year, especially during the cold season, many people catch an acute respiratory disease, namely flu. It is easy to catch this disease; therefore, it spreads very rapidly and often becomes an epidemic or a global pandemic. Airway inflammation and other body ailments, which form in a very short period, torment the patient several weeks. After that, the symptoms of the disease usually disappear as quickly as they emerged. The great epidemics of flu have rather unique characteristics; therefore, it is possible to identify descriptions of such epidemics in historic sources. Already in the 4th century bc, Hippocrates himself wrote about one of them. It is known now that flu epidemics emerge rather frequently, but there are no regular intervals between those events. The epidemics can differ in their consequences, but usually they cause an increased mortality of elderly people. The great flu epidemics of the last century took millions of human lives. In 1918-19, during "The Spanish" pandemic of flu, there were around 40-50 millions of deaths all over the world; "Pandemic of Asia" in 1957 took up to one million lives, etc. Influenza virus can cause various disorders of the respiratory system: from mild inflammations of upper airways to acute pneumonia that finally results in the patient's death. Scientist Richard E. Shope, who investigated swine flu in 1920, had a suspicion that the cause of this disease might be a virus. Already in 1933, scientists from the National Institute for Medical Research in London - Wilson Smith, Sir Christopher Andrewes, and Sir Patrick Laidlaw - for the first time isolated the virus, which caused human flu. Then scientific community started the exhaustive research of influenza virus, and the great interest in this virus and its unique features is still active even today.

Torus Knot Polynomials and Susy Wilson Loops

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Giasemidis, Georgios; Tierz, Miguel

2014-12-01

We give, using an explicit expression obtained in (Jones V, Ann Math 126:335, 1987), a basic hypergeometric representation of the HOMFLY polynomial of ( n, m) torus knots, and present a number of equivalent expressions, all related by Heine's transformations. Using this result, the symmetry and the leading polynomial at large N are explicit. We show the latter to be the Wilson loop of 2d Yang-Mills theory on the plane. In addition, after taking one winding to infinity, it becomes the Wilson loop in the zero instanton sector of the 2d Yang-Mills theory, which is known to give averages of Wilson loops in = 4 SYM theory. We also give, using matrix models, an interpretation of the HOMFLY polynomial and the corresponding Jones-Rosso representation in terms of q-harmonic oscillators.

Comparison of ultrafiltration and solid phase extraction for the separation of free and protein-bound serum copper for the Wilson's disease diagnosis.

PubMed

Bohrer, Denise; Do Nascimento, Paulo Cícero; Ramirez, Adrian G; Mendonça, Jean Karlo A; De Carvalho, Leandro M; Pomblum, Solange Cristina G

2004-07-01

The determination of the ratio free/protein-bound serum copper along with urinary copper can be used as a preliminary test for the Wilson's Disease diagnosis. In this work, the determination of these copper fractions in serum samples was carried out in two different ways; after separation of the copper bound to proteins from the free fraction by a column for protein adsorption and by ultrafiltration. As proteins can be adsorbed onto plastic polymeric surfaces, polyethylene (PE) with different molecular weights in powder form was investigated for protein adsorption. A small column was adapted in a flow system to carry out a solid-phase extraction (SPE) on-line. Preliminary experiments defined conditions for protein retention and elution and column saturation. Good performance was achieved using Mg(NO3)2 solution as carrier and methanol as eluent. The presence of proteins in both fraction (column effluent and eluate) was checked by the Coomassie Brilliant Blue test. Copper was measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The measurement in the column effluent furnished the free-fraction of copper while the copper measured in the eluate the bound-fraction. The method was compared with ultrafiltration (20 kDa), measuring the free-copper in the ultrafiltrate. For the determination of protein-bound copper, the copper found in the ultrafitrate was discounted from the total copper measured in the sample. Serum samples of 10 individuals were analyzed by both methods with good agreement of the results. The regression plots, obtained by analysing the samples by both methods, presented r2 and slope of 0.97 and 0.96 for free copper and 1.00 and 1.00 for bound copper, respectively. Protein-bound copper (PB) concentrations ranged from 74 to 2074 microg/l and free-copper (F) from 22 to 54 microg/l. The ratio F/PB, calculated from SPE data, was 29.7% for one individual, with Wilson Disease well-characterized, and ranged from 1.2% to 5.2% for the others. The SPE method performed well in terms of accuracy and precision, and showed good agreement with the UF. Advantages of SPE are small sample volume (50 microl), separation carried out in 10 min, and the use of the same column for several analyses. Copyright 2004 Elsevier B.V.

Localization of Gauge Theory on a Four-Sphere and Supersymmetric Wilson Loops

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pestun, Vasily

2012-07-01

We prove conjecture due to Erickson-Semenoff-Zarembo and Drukker-Gross which relates supersymmetric circular Wilson loop operators in the {N=4} supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with a Gaussian matrix model. We also compute the partition function and give a new matrix model formula for the expectation value of a supersymmetric circular Wilson loop operator for the pure {N=2} and the {N=2^*} supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on a four-sphere. A four-dimensional {N=2} superconformal gauge theory is treated similarly.

Officer Career Development: Measures and Samples in the 1981-1989 Research Program

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-03-01

and Samples in the 1981-1989 Research Program Gerry L. Wilcove William C . Wilson DTIC S ELECTE APR25 19911 EU Approved for public release: distibution...Wilcove William C . Wilson A oosst~on For NIS GRA&I ’ -DTIC TAB Unannounced Q Just if I cation-,--, Reviewed by Distribution/ Robert F. Morrison...1989 Program Element 0602233N, Research Program Work Unit RM33M20.06 6. AUTHOR(S) Gerry L. Wilcove, William C . Wilson 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME

Maternal choline modifies fetal liver copper, gene expression, DNA methylation, and neonatal growth in the tx-j mouse model of Wilson disease.

PubMed

Medici, Valentina; Shibata, Noreene M; Kharbanda, Kusum K; Islam, Mohammad S; Keen, Carl L; Kim, Kyoungmi; Tillman, Brittany; French, Samuel W; Halsted, Charles H; LaSalle, Janine M

2014-02-01

Maternal diet can affect fetal gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms. Wilson disease (WD), which is caused by autosomal recessive mutations in ATP7B encoding a biliary copper transporter, is characterized by excessive hepatic copper accumulation, but variability in disease severity. We tested the hypothesis that gestational supply of dietary methyl groups modifies fetal DNA methylation and expression of genes involved in methionine and lipid metabolism that are impaired prior to hepatic steatosis in the toxic milk (tx-j) mouse model of WD. Female C3H control and tx-j mice were fed control (choline 8 mmol/Kg of diet) or choline-supplemented (choline 36 mmol/Kg of diet) diets for 2 weeks throughout mating and pregnancy to gestation day 17. A second group of C3H females, half of which were used to cross foster tx-j pups, received the same diet treatments that extended during lactation to 21 d postpartum. Compared with C3H, fetal tx-j livers had significantly lower copper concentrations and significantly lower transcript levels of Cyclin D1 and genes related to methionine and lipid metabolism. Maternal choline supplementation prevented the transcriptional deficits in fetal tx-j liver for multiple genes related to cell growth and metabolism. Global DNA methylation was increased by 17% in tx-j fetal livers after maternal choline treatment (P<0.05). Maternal dietary choline rescued the lower body weight of 21 d tx-j mice. Our results suggest that WD pathogenesis is modified by maternal in utero factors, including dietary choline.

Screening for Wilson disease in acute liver failure: a comparison of currently available diagnostic tests.

PubMed

Korman, Jessica D; Volenberg, Irene; Balko, Jody; Webster, Joe; Schiodt, Frank V; Squires, Robert H; Fontana, Robert J; Lee, William M; Schilsky, Michael L

2008-10-01

Acute liver failure (ALF) due to Wilson disease (WD) is invariably fatal without emergency liver transplantation. Therefore, rapid diagnosis of WD should aid prompt transplant listing. To identify the best method for diagnosis of ALF due to WD (ALF-WD), data and serum were collected from 140 ALF patients (16 with WD), 29 with other chronic liver diseases and 17 with treated chronic WD. Ceruloplasmin (Cp) was measured by both oxidase activity and nephelometry and serum copper levels by atomic absorption spectroscopy. In patients with ALF, a serum Cp <20 mg/dL by the oxidase method provided a diagnostic sensitivity of 21% and specificity of 84% while, by nephelometry, a sensitivity of 56% and specificity of 63%. Serum copper levels exceeded 200 microg/dL in all ALF-WD patients measured (13/16), but were also elevated in non-WD ALF. An alkaline phosphatase (AP) to total bilirubin (TB) ratio <4 yielded a sensitivity of 94%, specificity of 96%, and a likelihood ratio of 23 for diagnosing fulminant WD. In addition, an AST:ALT ratio >2.2 yielded a sensitivity of 94%, a specificity of 86%, and a likelihood ratio of 7 for diagnosing fulminant WD. Combining the tests provided a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 100%. Conventional WD testing utilizing serum ceruloplasmin and/or serum copper levels are less sensitive and specific in identifying patients with ALF-WD than other available tests. More readily available laboratory tests including alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin and serum aminotransferases by contrast provides the most rapid and accurate method for diagnosis of ALF due to WD.

Maternal choline modifies fetal liver copper, gene expression, DNA methylation, and neonatal growth in the tx-j mouse model of Wilson disease

PubMed Central

Medici, Valentina; Shibata, Noreene M; Kharbanda, Kusum K; Islam, Mohammad S; Keen, Carl L; Kim, Kyoungmi; Tillman, Brittany; French, Samuel W; Halsted, Charles H; LaSalle, Janine M

2014-01-01

Maternal diet can affect fetal gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms. Wilson disease (WD), which is caused by autosomal recessive mutations in ATP7B encoding a biliary copper transporter, is characterized by excessive hepatic copper accumulation, but variability in disease severity. We tested the hypothesis that gestational supply of dietary methyl groups modifies fetal DNA methylation and expression of genes involved in methionine and lipid metabolism that are impaired prior to hepatic steatosis in the toxic milk (tx-j) mouse model of WD. Female C3H control and tx-j mice were fed control (choline 8 mmol/Kg of diet) or choline-supplemented (choline 36 mmol/Kg of diet) diets for 2 weeks throughout mating and pregnancy to gestation day 17. A second group of C3H females, half of which were used to cross foster tx-j pups, received the same diet treatments that extended during lactation to 21 d postpartum. Compared with C3H, fetal tx-j livers had significantly lower copper concentrations and significantly lower transcript levels of Cyclin D1 and genes related to methionine and lipid metabolism. Maternal choline supplementation prevented the transcriptional deficits in fetal tx-j liver for multiple genes related to cell growth and metabolism. Global DNA methylation was increased by 17% in tx-j fetal livers after maternal choline treatment (P < 0.05). Maternal dietary choline rescued the lower body weight of 21 d tx-j mice. Our results suggest that WD pathogenesis is modified by maternal in utero factors, including dietary choline. PMID:24220304

Copper excess in liver HepG2 cells interferes with apoptosis and lipid metabolic signaling at the protein level.

PubMed

Liu, Yu; Yang, Huarong; Song, Zhi; Gu, Shaojuan

2014-12-01

Copper is an essential trace element that serves as an important catalytic cofactor for cuproenzymes, carrying out major biological functions in growth and development. Although Wilson's disease (WD) is unquestionably caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene and subsequent copper overload, the precise role of copper in inducing pathological changes remains poorly understood. Our study aimed to explore, in HepG2 cells exposed to copper, the cell viability and apoptotic cells was tested by MTT and Hoechst 33342 stainning respectively, and the signaling pathways involved in oxidative stress response, apoptosis and lipid metabolism were determined by real time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. The results demonstrate dose- and time-dependent cell viability and apoptosis in HepG2 cells following treatment with 10 μM, 200 μM and 500 μM of copper sulfate for 8 and 24 h. Copper overload significantly induced the expression of HSPA1A (heat shock 70 kDa protein 1A), an oxidative stress-responsive signal gene, and BAG3 (BCL2 associated athanogene3), an anti-apoptotic gene, while expression of HMGCR (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase), a lipid biosynthesis and lipid metabolism gene, was inhibited. These findings provide new insights into possible mechanisms accounting for the development of liver apoptosis and steatosis in the early stages of Wilson's disease.

[A young boy with elevated aminotransferases in physical examination--Two novel missense mutations associated with Wilson's disease were found].

PubMed

Zhu, Yu; Deng, Si-Yan; Wan, Chao-Min

2015-07-01

A 3-year-old boy had abnormal liver function, which was found in physical examination, for 5 months before admission. He had no symptoms such as anorexia, poor appetite, and jaundice, had normal growth and development, and showed no hepatosplenomegaly. Laboratory examination revealed significantly reduced ceruloplasmin (35 mg/L), as well as negative hepatotropic virus, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus. There were normal muscle enzymes, blood glucose, and blood ammonia and negative liver-specific autoantibodies. The boy had negative K-F ring and normal 24-hour urine copper (0.56 μmol/L). The ATP7B gene testing for the boy, his sister, and their parents detected two novel missense mutations in the boy and his sister, i.e., compound heterozygous mutations in exon 7 (c.2075T>C, p.L692P) and exon 13 (c.3044T>C, p.L1015P), which were inherited from their father and mother, respectively. Wilson's disease was confirmed by genetic diagnosis in the boy and his sister. The boy and his sister were given a low-copper diet. The boy was administered with penicillamine for decoppering and zinc supplement against copper uptake. His sister received zinc supplement alone because no clinical symptoms were observed. The boy showed normal liver function in the reexamination after 3 months of treatment.

Which factors are associated with global cognitive impairment in Wilson's disease?

PubMed Central

Frota, Norberto Anízio Ferreira; Barbosa, Egberto Reis; Porto, Claudia Sellitto; Lucato, Leandro Tavares; Ono, Carla Rachel; Buchpiguel, Carlos Alberto; Machado, Alexandre Aluizio Costa; Caramelli, Paulo

2016-01-01

Background Patients with Wilson's disease (WD) present cognitive impairment, especially in executive functions. Which other factors might be associated with global cognitive decline in these patients remains unclear. Objective To assess which factors are associated with worse performance on a global cognitive test in patients with WD. Methods Twenty patients with WD underwent cognitive assessment with the following tests: the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Dementia Rating Scale (DRS), verbal fluency test, brief cognitive battery, clock drawing test, Frontal Assessment Battery, Stroop test, Wisconsin card sorting test, Hopper test, cubes (WAIS) and the Pfeffer questionnaire. MRI changes were quantified. Patients with poor performance on the DRS were compared to patients with normal performance. Results Nine patients had a poor performance on the DRS. This group had lower educational level (9.11±3.58× 12.82±3.06) and a greater number of changes on MRI (9.44±2.74× 6.27±2.45). The presence of hyperintensity in the globus pallidus on MRI was more frequent in this group (66.6% vs 9.0%), with OR=5.38 (95% CI 0.85-33.86). Conclusion Global cognitive impairment was prevalent in this sample of patients with WD and was associated with low educational level, number of changes on MRI and MRI hyperintensity in the globus pallidus. PMID:29213476

Molecular pathology and haplotype analysis of Wilson disease in Mediterranean populations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Figus, A.; Farcia, A.M.G.; Nurchi, A.

1995-12-01

We analyzed mutations and defined the chromosomal haplotype in 127 patients of Mediterranean descent who were affected in Wilson disease (WD): 39 Sardinians, 49 Italians, 33 Turks, and 6 Albanians. Haplotypes were derived by use of the microsatellite markers D13S301, D13S296, D13S297, and D13S298, which are linked to the WD locus. There were five common haplotypes in Sardinians, three in Italians, and two in Turks, which accounted for 85%, 32%, and 30% of the WD chromosomes, respectively. We identified 16 novel mutations: 8 frameshifts, 7 missense mutations, and 1 splicing defect. In addition, we detected the previously described mutations: 2302insC,more » 3404delC, Arg1320ter, Gly944Ser, and His1070Gin. Of the new mutations detected, two, the 1515insT on haplotype I and 2464delC on haplotype XVI, accounted for 6% and 13%, respectively, of the mutations in WD chromsomes in the Sardinian populations. Mutations H1070Q, 2302insC, and 2533delA represented 13%, 8%, and 8%, respectively, of the mutations in WD chromsomes in other Mediterranean populations. The remaining mutations were rare and limited to one or two patients from different populations. Thus, WD results from some frequent mutations and many rare defects. 28 refs., 1 fig., 3 tabs.« less

Space Colonization-Benefits for the World

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Siegfried, W. H.

2003-01-01

We have begun to colonize space, even to the extent of early space tourism. Our early Vostok, Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, Skylab, Spacehab, Mir and now ISS are humankind's first ventures toward colonization. Efforts are underway to provide short space tours, and endeavors such as the X-Prize are encouraging entrepreneurs to provide new systems. Many believe that extended space travel (colonization) will do for the 21st century what aviation did for the 20th. Our current concerns including terrorism, hunger, disease, and problems of air quality, safe abundant water, poverty, and weather vagaries tend to overshadow long-term activities such as Space Colonization in the minds of many. Our leading ``think tanks'' such as the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars and the Brookings Institute do not rate space travel high on lists of future beneficial undertakings even though many of the concerns listed above are prominently featured. It is the contention of this paper that Space Colonization will lead toward solutions to many of the emerging problems of our Earth, both technological and sociological. The breadth of the enterprise far exceeds the scope of our normal single-purpose missions and, therefore, its benefits will be greater.

32. GENERAL VIEW LOOKING NORTHEAST, SHOWING DRAFT CONES AND INTAKE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

32. GENERAL VIEW LOOKING NORTHEAST, SHOWING DRAFT CONES AND INTAKE TUBES. - Wilson Dam & Hydroelectric Plant, Spanning Tennessee River at Wilson Dam Road (Route 133), Muscle Shoals, Colbert County, AL

The Hospital for Special Surgery 1972–1989; Philip D. Wilson, Jr., Eighth Surgeon-in-Chief

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

After nearly a decade as the seventh Surgeon-in-Chief (1963–1972) of The Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS), Robert Lee Patterson, Jr., MD (1907–1994) retired, having repaired adverse relations between HSS and the New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center. Patterson, who had first joined the staff of The Hospital for the Ruptured and Crippled in 1936 as a Visiting Surgeon, was able to accomplish this very challenging task mainly through his close relationship with Preston Wade, MD (1901–1982), a general surgeon who had served with Patterson as Co-Chief of the combined New York Hospital-HSS Fracture service. The Board of Trustees of the New York Society for the Relief of the Ruptured and Crippled appointed Philip D. Wilson, Jr. MD, as the eighth Surgeon-in-Chief of The Hospital for Special Surgery. He assumed that office on July 1, 1972. Wilson, who had joined the staff as an Orthopaedic Surgeon to the Out-Patient Department in 1951, had trained as an orthopaedic resident at HSS from 1948 to 1950 and in 1951, finished his residency at the University of California Hospital Medical Center, San Francisco. During his 17 years as Surgeon-in-Chief, he led the hospital into the advanced field of implant research and development and building a world-class center for patient care. Additionally, many other orthopaedic services such as Sports Medicine, Scoliosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases became the leaders in their fields. Supporting Departments of Rheumatology, Anesthesia and others were likewise recognized foremost in the country. PMID:21886524

Semiannual Technical Summary, 1 October 1989 - 31 Mar 1990 (Royal Norwegian Council for Scientific and Industrial Research)

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-06-01

I TASK WORK UNIT 1400 Wilson Blvd. ELEMENT NO. NO NOA INO SOW TAS rc ° Arlington, VA 22209-2308 R&D | PHASE 3 5.0 |No.OO3A2 11. TITLE (Include...not only has considerable benefits for the recognition of seismic phases , but also provides a domain in which the relative proportions of P, SV and S11...sensitive to source location and phase velocity. The study suggests that the Moho saddle, a feature which appears to be well defined and documented in a

75 FR 25844 - Federal Advisory Committee; National Security Education Board Members Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-10

... Education Program; 1101 Wilson Blvd., Suite 1210; Rosslyn, VA 22219. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dr. Kevin Gormley, Program Officer, National Security Education Program, 1101 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 1210...

77 FR 34029 - National Security Education Board Members Meeting; Cancellation of Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-08

.... to 2 p.m. at Defense Language and National Security Education Office, 1101 Wilson Boulevard, Suite..., Defense Language and National Security Education Office (DLNSEO), 1101 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 1210...

INTERIOR VIEW LOOKING AT THE OILOSTATIC RESERVOIR AND PRESSURIZING TANKS. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

INTERIOR VIEW LOOKING AT THE OILOSTATIC RESERVOIR AND PRESSURIZING TANKS. - Wilson Dam & Hydroelectric Plant, Oilostatic Transmission System, Spanning Tennessee River at Wilson Dam Road (Route 133), Muscle Shoals, Colbert County, AL

1. Historic American Buildings Survey Samuel Wilson, Jr., Photographer, November ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

1. Historic American Buildings Survey Samuel Wilson, Jr., Photographer, November 30, 1934 VIEW OF TOWER ACROSS BLIND BAY MARSH - Frank's Island Lighthouse, North East Pass, Mississippi River, Boothville, Plaquemines Parish, LA

4. Historic American Buildings Survey, Glenn C. Wilson, Photographer March ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

4. Historic American Buildings Survey, Glenn C. Wilson, Photographer March 1, 1934 VIEW OF SOUTHWEST CORNER, SHOWING RECENT ADDITION. - Friederich Homann Saddlery & Residence, 136 Seguin Street, New Braunfels, Comal County, TX

Strings in bubbling geometries and dual Wilson loop correlators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aguilera-Damia, Jeremías; Correa, Diego H.; Fucito, Francesco; Giraldo-Rivera, Victor I.; Morales, Jose F.; Pando Zayas, Leopoldo A.

2017-12-01

We consider a fundamental string in a bubbling geometry of arbitrary genus dual to a half-supersymmetric Wilson loop in a general large representation R of the SU( N) gauge group in N=4 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills. We demonstrate, under some mild conditions, that the minimum value of the string classical action for a bubbling geometry of arbitrary genus precisely matches the correlator of a Wilson loop in the fundamental representation and one in a general large representation. We work out the case in which the large representation is given by a rectangular Young tableau, corresponding to a genus one bubbling geometry, explicitly. We also present explicit results in the field theory for a correlator of two Wilson loops: a large one in an arbitrary representation and a "small" one in the fundamental, totally symmetric or totally antisymmetric representation.

General results for higher spin Wilson lines and entanglement in Vasiliev theory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hegde, Ashwin; Kraus, Per; Perlmutter, Eric

Here, we develop tools for the efficient evaluation of Wilson lines in 3D higher spin gravity, and use these to compute entanglement entropy in the hs[λ ] Vasiliev theory that governs the bulk side of the duality proposal of Gaberdiel and Gopakumar. Our main technical advance is the determination of SL(N) Wilson lines for arbitrary N, which, in suitable cases, enables us to analytically continue to hs[λ ] via N→ -λ. We then apply this result to compute various quantities of interest, including entanglement entropy expanded perturbatively in the background higher spin charge, chemical potential, and interval size. This includesmore » a computation of entanglement entropy in the higher spin black hole of the Vasiliev theory. Our results are consistent with conformal field theory calculations. We also provide an alternative derivation of the Wilson line, by showing how it arises naturally from earlier work on scalar correlators in higher spin theory. The general picture that emerges is consistent with the statement that the SL(N) Wilson line computes the semiclassical W N vacuum block, and our results provide an explicit result for this object.« less

General results for higher spin Wilson lines and entanglement in Vasiliev theory

DOE PAGES

Hegde, Ashwin; Kraus, Per; Perlmutter, Eric

2016-01-28

Here, we develop tools for the efficient evaluation of Wilson lines in 3D higher spin gravity, and use these to compute entanglement entropy in the hs[λ ] Vasiliev theory that governs the bulk side of the duality proposal of Gaberdiel and Gopakumar. Our main technical advance is the determination of SL(N) Wilson lines for arbitrary N, which, in suitable cases, enables us to analytically continue to hs[λ ] via N→ -λ. We then apply this result to compute various quantities of interest, including entanglement entropy expanded perturbatively in the background higher spin charge, chemical potential, and interval size. This includesmore » a computation of entanglement entropy in the higher spin black hole of the Vasiliev theory. Our results are consistent with conformal field theory calculations. We also provide an alternative derivation of the Wilson line, by showing how it arises naturally from earlier work on scalar correlators in higher spin theory. The general picture that emerges is consistent with the statement that the SL(N) Wilson line computes the semiclassical W N vacuum block, and our results provide an explicit result for this object.« less

Supercycles, Wilson cycles and the future of Earth's oceans

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Duarte, Joao; Schellart, Wouter; Rosas, Filipe

2014-05-01

At the dawn of the 20th Century Alfred Wegener proposed the existence of a supercontinent - Pangaea - gathering all the continental masses on Earth. Five decades later, while seeding the theory of plate tectonics, Tuzo Wilson introduced a new concept that would become known as Wilson cycles, which describes the evolution of oceans: 1) opening and spreading, 2) foundering of the passive margins and development of new subduction zones and 3) consumption and closure. Later on, in the 70's evidences for the existence of a number of other supercontinents and ancient oceans on Earth's history started to emerge. Today, concepts like supercycles, supercontinents, superoceans and Wilson cycles are loosely used. However, several important questions remain. How do subduction zones initiate in pristine oceans? Which major ocean on Earth will close to form the next supercontinent? The Atlantic (introversion), the Pacific (extroversion), or both? Are Wilson cycles of lower order than Supercycles? Are we in an abnormally long supercycle? Is there any cyclicity at all? These are some of the questions that we will tentatively address together with the proposal of several future scenarios for the evolution of Earth's oceans and continents.

EXTERIOR VIEW SHOWING THE OILOSTATIC TERMINALS IN THE GENERATING PLANT ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

EXTERIOR VIEW SHOWING THE OILOSTATIC TERMINALS IN THE GENERATING PLANT SWITCH YARD. - Wilson Dam & Hydroelectric Plant, Oilostatic Transmission System, Spanning Tennessee River at Wilson Dam Road (Route 133), Muscle Shoals, Colbert County, AL

29. VIEW LOOKING DOWN AT A DRAFT CONE AND FORMWORK ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

29. VIEW LOOKING DOWN AT A DRAFT CONE AND FORMWORK FOR A SPIRAL DISTRIBUTOR. - Wilson Dam & Hydroelectric Plant, Spanning Tennessee River at Wilson Dam Road (Route 133), Muscle Shoals, Colbert County, AL

26. GENERAL VIEW LOOKING NORTH SHOWING THE STRUCTURAL PIERS AND ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

26. GENERAL VIEW LOOKING NORTH SHOWING THE STRUCTURAL PIERS AND DRAFT CONE UNDER CONSTRUCTION. - Wilson Dam & Hydroelectric Plant, Spanning Tennessee River at Wilson Dam Road (Route 133), Muscle Shoals, Colbert County, AL

Did Winston Churchill suffer a myocardial infarction in the White House at Christmas 1941?

PubMed

Vale, J Allister; Scadding, John W

2017-12-01

While staying in the White House over Christmas 1941, Churchill developed chest pain on trying to open a window in his bedroom. Sir Charles Wilson, his personal physician, diagnosed a 'heart attack' (myocardial infarction). Wilson, for political and personal reasons, decided not to inform his patient of the diagnosis or obtain assistance from US medical colleagues. On Churchill's return to London, Wilson sought a second opinion from Dr John Parkinson who did not support the diagnosis of coronary thrombosis (myocardial infarction) and reassured Churchill accordingly.

Wilson-loop instantons

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, Kimyeong; Holman, Richard; Kolb, Edward W.

1987-01-01

Wilson-loop symmetry breaking is considered on a space-time of the form M4 x K, where M4 is a four-dimensional space-time and K is an internal space with nontrivial and finite fundamental group. It is shown in a simple model that the different vacua obtained by breaking a non-Abelian gauge group by Wilson loops are separated in the space of gauge potentials by a finite energy barrier. An interpolating gauge configuration is then constructed between these vacua and shown to have minimum energy. Finally some implications of this construction are discussed.

The Status of Business Communication Technology: A Bibliography.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williams, Al; Ross, Dianne

1992-01-01

Provides a bibliography of 79 articles on technology and communication from the following sources: "ABI/Inform,""Academic Abstracts,""ERIC,""UMI's Dissertation Abstracts,""Wilson's Applied Science and Technology Index" and "Wilson's Education Index" (1986 through 1991); the "Journal…

VIEW FROM THE GENERATOR FLOOR LOOKING DOWN AT THE SPIRAL ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

VIEW FROM THE GENERATOR FLOOR LOOKING DOWN AT THE SPIRAL DISTRIBUTOR AND DRAFT CONE. - Wilson Dam & Hydroelectric Plant, Turbine & Generator Unit, Spanning Tennessee River at Wilson Dam Road (Route 133), Muscle Shoals, Colbert County, AL

VIEW FROM DRAFT TUBE LOOKING UP TOWARDS THE GENERATOR FLOOR, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

VIEW FROM DRAFT TUBE LOOKING UP TOWARDS THE GENERATOR FLOOR, DRAFT CONE IN FOREGROUND. - Wilson Dam & Hydroelectric Plant, Turbine & Generator Unit, Spanning Tennessee River at Wilson Dam Road (Route 133), Muscle Shoals, Colbert County, AL

20. GENERAL VIEW OF CONSTRUCTION LOOKING NORTHEAST SHOWING THE CONSTRUCTION ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

20. GENERAL VIEW OF CONSTRUCTION LOOKING NORTHEAST SHOWING THE CONSTRUCTION BRIDGE, GANTRY CRANE AND STRUCTURAL PIERS. - Wilson Dam & Hydroelectric Plant, Spanning Tennessee River at Wilson Dam Road (Route 133), Muscle Shoals, Colbert County, AL

CLOSEUP VIEW OF A GENERATOR UNIT WITH ITS ASSOCIATED INSTRUMENTATION ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

CLOSE-UP VIEW OF A GENERATOR UNIT WITH ITS ASSOCIATED INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL PANEL. - Wilson Dam & Hydroelectric Plant, Turbine & Generator Unit, Spanning Tennessee River at Wilson Dam Road (Route 133), Muscle Shoals, Colbert County, AL

Wilson in Node 1 Unity

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-04-10

S131-E-008502 (10 April 2010) --- NASA astronaut Stephanie Wilson, STS-131 mission specialist, retrieves a tool from a drawer in the Unity node of the International Space Station while space shuttle Discovery remains docked with the station.

Strings in bubbling geometries and dual Wilson loop correlators

DOE PAGES

Aguilera-Damia, Jeremias; Correa, Diego H.; Fucito, Francesco; ...

2017-12-20

We consider a fundamental string in a bubbling geometry of arbitrary genus dual to a half-supersymmetric Wilson loop in a general large representation R of the SU(N) gauge group in N = 4 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills. We demonstrate, under some mild conditions, that the minimum value of the string classical action for a bubbling geometry of arbitrary genus precisely matches the correlator of a Wilson loop in the fundamental representation and one in a general large representation. We work out the case in which the large representation is given by a rectangular Young tableau, corresponding to a genus one bubbling geometry,more » explicitly. Lastly, we also present explicit results in the field theory for a correlator of two Wilson loops: a large one in an arbitrary representation and a “small” one in the fundamental, totally symmetric or totally antisymmetric representation.« less

Lifting q-difference operators for Askey-Wilson polynomials and their weight function

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Atakishiyeva, M. K.; Atakishiyev, N. M., E-mail: natig_atakishiyev@hotmail.com

2011-06-15

We determine an explicit form of a q-difference operator that transforms the continuous q-Hermite polynomials H{sub n}(x | q) of Rogers into the Askey-Wilson polynomials p{sub n}(x; a, b, c, d | q) on the top level in the Askey q-scheme. This operator represents a special convolution-type product of four one-parameter q-difference operators of the form {epsilon}{sub q}(c{sub q}D{sub q}) (where c{sub q} are some constants), defined as Exton's q-exponential function {epsilon}{sub q}(z) in terms of the Askey-Wilson divided q-difference operator D{sub q}. We also determine another q-difference operator that lifts the orthogonality weight function for the continuous q-Hermite polynomialsH{submore » n}(x | q) up to the weight function, associated with the Askey-Wilson polynomials p{sub n}(x; a, b, c, d | q).« less

Chern-Simons theory with Wilson lines and boundary in the BV-BFV formalism

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alekseev, Anton; Barmaz, Yves; Mnev, Pavel

2013-05-01

We consider the Chern-Simons theory with Wilson lines in 3D and in 1D in the BV-BFV formalism of Cattaneo-Mnev-Reshetikhin. In particular, we allow for Wilson lines to end on the boundary of the space-time manifold. In the toy model of 1D Chern-Simons theory, the quantized BFV boundary action coincides with the Kostant cubic Dirac operator which plays an important role in representation theory. In the case of 3D Chern-Simons theory, the boundary action turns out to be the odd (degree 1) version of the BF model with source terms for the B field at the points where the Wilson lines meet the boundary. The boundary space of states arising as the cohomology of the quantized BFV action coincides with the space of conformal blocks of the corresponding WZW model.

Strings in bubbling geometries and dual Wilson loop correlators

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aguilera-Damia, Jeremias; Correa, Diego H.; Fucito, Francesco

We consider a fundamental string in a bubbling geometry of arbitrary genus dual to a half-supersymmetric Wilson loop in a general large representation R of the SU(N) gauge group in N = 4 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills. We demonstrate, under some mild conditions, that the minimum value of the string classical action for a bubbling geometry of arbitrary genus precisely matches the correlator of a Wilson loop in the fundamental representation and one in a general large representation. We work out the case in which the large representation is given by a rectangular Young tableau, corresponding to a genus one bubbling geometry,more » explicitly. Lastly, we also present explicit results in the field theory for a correlator of two Wilson loops: a large one in an arbitrary representation and a “small” one in the fundamental, totally symmetric or totally antisymmetric representation.« less

Re-evaluation of temperature of replacement dolomitization in the Triassic Latemar platform with clumped isotope thermometry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Müller, Inigo Andreas; Rodriguez-Blanco, Juan D.; Storck, Julian-Christopher; Benning, Liane G.; Wilson, Edith N.; Brack, Peter; Bernasconi, Stefano M.

2017-04-01

The Triassic Latemar platform shows different types of dolomitization styles including features such as dolomitized zones around basaltic dykes and patchy reddish or greyish dolomitization features in the central part of the platform. The processes leading to this partial dolomitization are still debated. Different geochemical tools were applied to determine the formation temperature of the patchy dolomite phases, thereby microthermometry on fluid inclusions and clumped isotope thermometry revealed significantly different temperature ranges (100 to 200 °C vs. 40 to 80 °C, from Wilson et al., 1990 and Ferry et al., 2011, respectively). We re-evaluated the origin of these patchy dolomites at Latemar using a new dolomite-specific clumped isotope temperature calibration based on dolomites synthetized in the laboratory at different temperatures. We directly compare the clumped isotope temperatures of patchy dolomites from Latemar with those obtained on the same samples by fluid inclusion microthermometry. With the new dolomite specific clumped isotope temperature calibration it is possible to determine more precisely the dolomite formation temperature and the oxygen isotope composition of the fluid source. Both are critical parameters for better constraining the origin of different dolomite fabrics on the Earth's surface and in ancient sediments. E.N. Wilson, L.A. Hardie and O.M. Phillips, 1990. Dolomitization front geometry, fluid flow patterns, and the origin of massive dolomite: the Triassic Latemar buildup, northern Italy. American Journal of Science 290, 741-796. J.M. Ferry, B.H. Passey, C. Vasconcelos and J.M. Eiler, 2011. Formation of dolomite at 40-80 °C in the Latemar carbonate buildup, Dolomites, Italy, from clumped isotope thermometry. Geology 39, 571-574.

Greg Wilson, D.Sc. | NREL

Science.gov Websites

Chemical Engineering from Washington University in St. Louis and a B.S. in Chemical Engineering from the Number 6,284,384. Gregory M. Wilson, et al., "Pressure Equalization System for Chemical Vapor

76 FR 17862 - Ocean Transportation Intermediary License; Applicants

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-31

..., President/Secretary, (Qualifying Individual), Application Type: New OFF License. Wilson Transportation, Inc. (OFF), 16226 Foster Street, Overland Park, KS 66085, Officers: Jerry G. Owen, Vice President International, (Qualifying Individual), Mark A. Wilson, President/Treasurer/Secretary, Application Type: New OFF...

Fermilab Today

Science.gov Websites

Wilson Cluster; First Light in T-1007 Prototype Optical Cavity for Holometer/Axions Tuesday, May 3 3:30 Mieland, Fermilab ES&H, and will take place from noon to 12:45 p.m. on Tuesday, May 3, in Wilson Hall

View in the Woodrow Wilson Plaza (along the building's 13th ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

View in the Woodrow Wilson Plaza (along the building's 13th Street side) looking to Martin Puryear's "Bearing Witness" sculpture - Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center, 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, District of Columbia, DC

VIEW LOOKING SOUTHEAST AT ROUTE 133, SHOWING A CORNER DETAIL ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

VIEW LOOKING SOUTHEAST AT ROUTE 133, SHOWING A CORNER DETAIL OF THE POWERHOUSE AND A SECTION OF THE SWITCHYARD. - Wilson Dam & Hydroelectric Plant, Spanning Tennessee River at Wilson Dam Road (Route 133), Muscle Shoals, Colbert County, AL

78 FR 51736 - Notice of FY 2013 Refugee Targeted Assistance Formula Awards to States and Wilson/Fish...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-21

...The Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR), Administration for Children and Families (ACF), announces the allocation of Refugee Targeted Assistance formula awards to States and Wilson/Fish Alternative Project grantees.

What can flies tell us about copper homeostasis?

PubMed

Southon, Adam; Burke, Richard; Camakaris, James

2013-10-01

Copper (Cu) is an essential redox active metal that is potentially toxic in excess. Multicellular organisms acquire Cu from the diet and must regulate uptake, storage, distribution and export of Cu at both the cellular and organismal levels. Systemic Cu deficiency can be fatal, as seen in Menkes disease patients. Conversely Cu toxicity occurs in patients with Wilson disease. Cu dyshomeostasis has also been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Over the last decade, the fly Drosophila melanogaster has become an important model organism for the elucidation of eukaryotic Cu regulatory mechanisms. Gene discovery approaches with Drosophila have identified novel genes with conserved protein functions relevant to Cu homeostasis in humans. This review focuses on our current understanding of Cu uptake, distribution and export in Drosophila and the implications for mammals.

Wilson at RWS for STS-131 EVA 3 SSRMS Support

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-04-13

View of Stephanie Wilson as she works at the Robotics Workstation (RWS) in US Laboratory Destiny as she conducts a Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS) Ammonia Tank Assembly (ATA) retrieval in support of STS-131 EVA 3.

Wilson on the AFD during STS-121

NASA Image and Video Library

2006-07-05

S121-E-05438 (5 July 2006) --- Astronaut Stephanie D. Wilson, STS-121 mission specialist, on Discovery's flight deck during flight day two activities, on the eve of one of the mission's busiest days -- docking day with the International Space Station.

Truck shipments across the Woodrow Wilson Bridge : value and tonnage in 1993

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1998-04-01

The Woodrow Wilson Bridge, where Interstate 95 crosses the Potomac River just south of Washington, DC, carries significant amounts of freight to support economic activities well beyond the nation's capitol. The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BT...

Heterogeneous Multi-Robot Cooperation

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-02-01

1992a) Maja Mataric. Designing emergent behaviors: From local interac- tions to collective intelligence. In J. Meyer, H. Roitblat , and S. Wilson, editors...1992] Lynne E. Parker. Adaptive action selection for cooperative agent teams. In Jean-Arcady Meyer, Herbert Roitblat . and Stewart Wilson. editors

Test and Evaluation for Chemical Resistance of Gloves Worn for Protection against Exposure to H-70 Hydrazine.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-07-01

Edmont-Wilson 37-165 NBR .056 (22) 10 J Edmont-Wilson 26-665 Rubber .046 (18) 10 K Edmont-Wilson 36-755 Rubber .102 (40) 10 L Surety 10-112L Nitrile...4367 Dickenson & Company Charleston SC 29405 Coshocton OH 43812 International Playtex Company Surety Rubber Company Industrial Gloves Division P.O. Box...B Pioneer A-10 Nitrile .025 (10) 9 C Pioneer A-15 Nitrile .038 (15) 9 D Norton NSN 8415-00-753-6551 Butyl rubber .076 (30) M E Norton NSN 8415-01-025

Hepatic steatosis in Wilson disease--Role of copper and PNPLA3 mutations.

PubMed

Stättermayer, Albert Friedrich; Traussnigg, Stefan; Dienes, Hans-Peter; Aigner, Elmar; Stauber, Rudolf; Lackner, Karoline; Hofer, Harald; Stift, Judith; Wrba, Friedrich; Stadlmayr, Andreas; Datz, Christian; Strasser, Michael; Maieron, Andreas; Trauner, Michael; Ferenci, Peter

2015-07-01

The earliest characteristic alterations of the liver pathology in Wilson disease (WD) include steatosis, which is sometimes indistinguishable from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Steatosis in WD may reflect copper-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. A genetic polymorphism in rs738409, in the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 gene (PNPLA3), is strongly associated with appearance of in NAFLD. This study evaluated the role of PNPLA3 and hepatic copper content for development of steatosis in patients with WD. Liver biopsies obtained at diagnosis and the PNPLA3 genotype were analyzed in 98 Caucasian patients with WD (male: 52 [53.1%]; mean age: 27.6 years [CI 95%: 24.8-30.4, range: 5.8-61.5]). Steatosis was graded as percentage of lipid containing hepatocytes by an expert hepatopathologist unaware of the results of genetic testing. Moderate/severe steatosis (>33% of hepatocytes) was observed in 28 patients (pediatric: n=13/26 [50.0%], adult: n=15/72 [20.8%]; p=0.01). Forty-six patients (46.9%; pediatric: n=7, adult: n=39; p=0.022) had cirrhosis. Multivariate logistic regression identified PNPLA3 G allele (OR: 2.469, CI 95%: 1.203-5.068; p=0.014) and pediatric age (OR: 4.348; 1.577-11.905; p=0.004) as independent variables associated with moderate/severe steatosis. In contrast, hepatic copper content did not impact on moderate/severe steatosis (OR: 1.000, CI 95%: 1.000-1.001; p=0.297). Steatosis is common in WD and the PNPLA3 G allele contributes to its pathogenesis. The role of hepatic copper concentration and ATP7B mutations in steatosis development deserve further investigations. Copyright © 2015 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

p.H1069Q mutation in ATP7B and biochemical parameters of copper metabolism and clinical manifestation of Wilson's disease.

PubMed

Gromadzka, Graznya; Schmidt, Harmut H J; Genschel, Janine; Bochow, Bettina; Rodo, M; Tarnacka, Beatek; Litwin, Thomas; Chabik, Grzegorz; Członkowska, Anna

2006-02-01

We compared the effect of the p.H1069Q mutation and other non-p.H1069Q mutations in ATP7B on the phenotypic expression of Wilson's disease (WD), and assessed whether the clinical phenotype of WD in compound heterozygotes depends on the type of mutation coexisting with the p.H1069Q. One hundred forty-two patients with clinically, biochemically, and genetically diagnosed WD were studied. The mutational analysis of ATP7B was performed by direct sequencing. A total number of 26 mutations in ATP7B were identified. The p.His1069Gln was the most common mutation (allelic frequency: 72%). Seventy-three patients were homozygous for this mutation. Of compound heterozygotes, 37 had frameshift/nonsense mutation, and 20 had other missense mutation on one of their ATP7B alleles. Twelve patients had two non-p.H1069Q mutations. Patients homozygous for the p.H1069Q mutation had the less severe disturbances of copper metabolism and the latest presentation of first WD symptoms. The most severely disturbed copper metabolism and the earliest age at initial disease manifestation was noticed in non-p.H1069Q patients. In compound heterozygotes, the type of mutation coexisting with the p.H1069Q to a small extent influenced WD phenotype. The phenotype of WD varied considerably among patients with the same genotype. The p.H1069Q mutation is associated with late WD manifestation and with a mild disruption of copper metabolism. In compound heterozygotes, the phenotype of WD to a small extent depends on the type of mutation coexisting with the p.H1069Q. Besides genotype, additional modifying factors seem to determine WD manifestations. Copyright (c) 2005 Movement Disorder Society.

Noninvasive prenatal testing for Wilson disease by use of circulating single-molecule amplification and resequencing technology (cSMART).

PubMed

Lv, Weigang; Wei, Xianda; Guo, Ruolan; Liu, Qin; Zheng, Yu; Chang, Jiazhen; Bai, Ting; Li, Haoxian; Zhang, Jianguang; Song, Zhuo; Cram, David S; Liang, Desheng; Wu, Lingqian

2015-01-01

Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for monogenic diseases by use of PCR-based strategies requires precise quantification of mutant fetal alleles circulating in the maternal plasma. The study describes the development and validation of a novel assay termed circulating single-molecule amplification and resequencing technology (cSMART) for counting single allelic molecules in plasma. Here we demonstrate the suitability of cSMART for NIPT, with Wilson Disease (WD) as proof of concept. We used Sanger and whole-exome sequencing to identify familial ATP7B (ATPase, Cu(++) transporting, β polypeptide) gene mutations. For cSMART, single molecules were tagged with unique barcodes and circularized, and alleles were targeted and replicated by inverse PCR. The unique single allelic molecules were identified by sequencing and counted, and the percentage of mutant alleles in the original maternal plasma sample was used to determine fetal genotypes. Four families with WD pedigrees consented to the study. Using Sanger and whole-exome sequencing, we mapped the pathogenic ATP7B mutations in each pedigree and confirmed the proband's original diagnosis of WD. After validation of cSMART with defined plasma models mimicking fetal inheritance of paternal, maternal, or both parental mutant alleles, we retrospectively showed in second pregnancies that the fetal genotypes assigned by invasive testing and NIPT were concordant. We developed a reliable and accurate NIPT assay that correctly diagnosed the fetal genotypes in 4 pregnancies at risk for WD. This novel technology has potential as a universal strategy for NIPT of other monogenic disorders, since it requires only knowledge of the parental pathogenic mutations. © 2014 American Association for Clinical Chemistry.

Liver Disease in Sri Lanka.

PubMed

Wijewantha, Hasitha S

2017-01-01

Liver disease in Sri Lanka is mainly due to alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In contrast to other South Asian countries, the prevalence of hepatitis B and C is low in Sri Lanka and prevalence of hepatitis A is intermediate. The few reported cases of hepatitis E in Sri Lanka are mainly in people who have traveled to neighboring South Asian countries. Wilson's disease, autoimmune hepatitis, hemochromatosis, drug-induced liver disease, and primary biliary cirrhosis are recognized causes of liver disease in Sri Lanka. Pyogenic and amebic liver abscesses and dengue infection are the other causes of liver disease. Some of the commonly used plants as traditional herbal medicine in Sri Lanka have been shown to have deleterious effects on the liver in animal studies. Considering the high popularity of traditional herbal medicine in the country, it is likely that herbal medicine is an etiological factor for liver disease in Sri Lanka, but no published data are available. Address reprint requests to: Wijewantha HS. Liver Disease in Sri Lanka. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):78-81.

Wilson Campus School, 1968-77.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Long, Kathleen M.

1994-01-01

Describes an open-format laboratory school housed on the campus of Manakato University in Minnesota that was the antithesis of dominant schooling patterns in 1968. Wilson Campus School practiced early forms of authentic assessment, participative decision making, cooperative learning, nongraded student grouping, multicultural education, and…

Wilsonline.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nitecki, Danuta A.

1985-01-01

Observations on impact of WILSONLINE (online access to H. W. Wilson's indexes) on the industry, library services, and end users are drawn from interviews with reference librarians, H. W. Wilson administrative staff, and monitors of database industry. Issues addressed include quality, thoroughness, ease of use, and marketing (demand, pricing,…

Calculation of K →π π decay amplitudes with improved Wilson fermion action in lattice QCD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ishizuka, N.; Ishikawa, K.-I.; Ukawa, A.; Yoshié, T.

2015-10-01

We present our result for the K →π π decay amplitudes for both the Δ I =1 /2 and 3 /2 processes with the improved Wilson fermion action. Expanding on the earlier works by Bernard et al. and by Donini et al., we show that mixings with four-fermion operators with wrong chirality are absent even for the Wilson fermion action for the parity odd process in both channels due to CPS symmetry. Therefore, after subtraction of an effect from the lower dimensional operator, a calculation of the decay amplitudes is possible without complications from operators with wrong chirality, as for the case with chirally symmetric lattice actions. As a first step to verify the possibility of calculations with the Wilson fermion action, we consider the decay amplitudes at an unphysical quark mass mK˜2 mπ . Our calculations are carried out with Nf=2 +1 gauge configurations generated with the Iwasaki gauge action and nonperturbatively O (a )-improved Wilson fermion action at a =0.091 fm , mπ=280 MeV , and mK=580 MeV on a 323×64 (L a =2.9 fm ) lattice. For the quark loops in the penguin and disconnected contributions in the I =0 channel, the combined hopping parameter expansion and truncated solver method work very well for variance reduction. We obtain, for the first time with a Wilson-type fermion action, that Re A0=60 (36 )×1 0-8 GeV and Im A0=-67 (56 )×1 0-12 GeV for a matching scale q*=1 /a . The dependence on the matching scale q* for these values is weak.

The Mount Wilson-University of California Connection from Hussey and Seares to Mayall and Olin Wilson

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Osterbrock, D. E.

2004-12-01

George Ellery Hale, who founded Mount Wilson Solar Observatory, first visited Lick Observatory in 1890, soon after his graduation from MIT. After his parents' deaths, when he began openly planning a Yerkes Observatory ``expedition" to California, Hale's friend James E. Keeler, then Lick Observatory Director, invited him (in 1899) to locate it on Mt.Hamilton. Hale thanked him, but replied that sites further south would have more clear weather. He had probably already decided on Mount Wilson. There were many close connections between the University of California and Mount Wilson Observatory from that time right up to the present. W.J. Hussey was the Lick astronomer who carried out the official site survey that confirmed Mount Wilson as the best site. Harold Palmer (UC Astronomy PhD 1903) was the first new staff member Hale hired, but he only lasted a few months. The two main reasons for the continuing connection were the geographical proximity of Pasadena and the Bay Area, and the fact that for many years UC was the outstanding graduate astronomy department in the country, producing numerous well trained observational research astronomers. However in the early years the reasons were more complicated. After Palmer, the next three hired at MWO were Arthur King, the first UC Physics PhD (1903); Harold Babcock, (UC Engineering BS 1907); and F.H. Seares (UC Astronomy BS 1895). Harold Babcock trained his son in astronomy almost from birth, and Horace (UC Astronomy PhD 1938) joined the MWO staff after World War II and became its Director in 1964. Palmer and Edward Fath (UC PhD 1909) were less successful at MWO and soon departed. These and numerous other MWO astronomers with UC backgrounds will be mentioned, and their careers discussed.

Analysis of the curve of Spee and the curve of Wilson in adult Indian population: A three-dimensional measurement study.

PubMed

Surendran, Sowmya Velekkatt; Hussain, Sharmila; Bhoominthan, S; Nayar, Sanjna; Jayesh, Ragavendra

2016-01-01

When reconstructing the occlusal curvatures dentists often use a 4-inch radii arc as a rough standard based on Monson spherical theory. The use of an identical radius for the curve of Spee for all patients may not be appropriate because each patient is individually different. The validity of application of this theory in the Indian population and the present study has been undertaken. This study is an attempt to evaluate the curve of Spee and curve of Wilson in young Indian population using three dimensional analysis. This study compared the radius and the depth of right and left, maxillary and mandibular curves of Spee and the radius of maxillary and mandibular curves of Wilson in males and females. The cusp tips of canines, buccal cusp tips of premolars and molars and palatal/lingual cusp tips of second molars of 60 maxillary and 60 mandibular casts were obtained. Three-dimensional (x, y, z) coordinates of the cusp tips of the molars, premolars, and canines of the right and left sides of the maxilla and mandible were obtained with three dimensional coordinate measuring machine. The radius and the depth of right and left, maxillary and mandibular curves of Spee and the radius of maxillary and mandibular curves of Wilson were measured by means of computer software Metrologic-XG. Pearson's correlation test and Independent t-test were used to test the statistical significance (α=.05). The values of curve of Spee and curve of Wilson in Indian population obtained from this study were higher than the 4 inch (100 mm) radius proposed by Monson. These findings suggest ethnic differences in the radius of curve of Spee and curve of Wilson.

Exact renormalization group equations: an introductory review

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bagnuls, C.; Bervillier, C.

2001-07-01

We critically review the use of the exact renormalization group equations (ERGE) in the framework of the scalar theory. We lay emphasis on the existence of different versions of the ERGE and on an approximation method to solve it: the derivative expansion. The leading order of this expansion appears as an excellent textbook example to underline the nonperturbative features of the Wilson renormalization group theory. We limit ourselves to the consideration of the scalar field (this is why it is an introductory review) but the reader will find (at the end of the review) a set of references to existing studies on more complex systems.

78 FR 73559 - Moose-Wilson Corridor Comprehensive Management Plan, Environmental Impact Statement, Grand Teton...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-06

...-Wilson Corridor Comprehensive Management Plan, Environmental Impact Statement, Grand Teton National Park... is preparing a Comprehensive Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for the Moose...; (2) distinguish the corridor's fundamental and other important resources and values; (3) clearly...

Decision for the Draft.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chambers, John Whiteclay, II

2002-01-01

Discusses why U.S. President Woodrow Wilson decided to institute the military draft. Provides background information on when Wilson changed from insisting on using volunteers in the military to his resolve for instituting the draft, due to a challenge of power by former U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt. (CMK)

Perturbative expansions from Monte Carlo simulations at weak coupling: Wilson loops and the static-quark self-energy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Trottier, H. D.; Shakespeare, N. H.; Lepage, G. P.; MacKenzie, P. B.

2002-05-01

Perturbative coefficients for Wilson loops and the static-quark self-energy are extracted from Monte Carlo simulations at weak coupling. The lattice volumes and couplings are chosen to ensure that the lattice momenta are all perturbative. Twisted boundary conditions are used to eliminate the effects of lattice zero modes and to suppress nonperturbative finite-volume effects due to Z(3) phases. Simulations of the Wilson gluon action are done with both periodic and twisted boundary conditions, and over a wide range of lattice volumes (from 34 to 164) and couplings (from β~9 to β~60). A high precision comparison is made between the simulation data and results from finite-volume lattice perturbation theory. The Monte Carlo results are shown to be in excellent agreement with perturbation theory through second order. New results for third-order coefficients for a number of Wilson loops and the static-quark self-energy are reported.

The Observatory as Laboratory: Spectral Analysis at Mount Wilson Observatory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brashear, Ronald

2018-01-01

This paper will discuss the seminal changes in astronomical research practices made at the Mount Wilson Observatory in the early twentieth century by George Ellery Hale and his staff. Hale’s desire to set the agenda for solar and stellar astronomical research is often described in terms of his new telescopes, primarily the solar tower observatories and the 60- and 100-inch telescopes on Mount Wilson. This paper will focus more on the ancillary but no less critical parts of Hale’s research mission: the establishment of associated “physical” laboratories as part of the observatory complex where observational spectral data could be quickly compared with spectra obtained using specialized laboratory equipment. Hale built a spectroscopic laboratory on the mountain and a more elaborate physical laboratory in Pasadena and staffed it with highly trained physicists, not classically trained astronomers. The success of Hale’s vision for an astronomical observatory quickly made the Carnegie Institution’s Mount Wilson Observatory one of the most important astrophysical research centers in the world.

An unconventional route to becoming a cell biologist

PubMed Central

Fuchs, Elaine

2015-01-01

I am honored to be the E. B. Wilson Award recipient for 2015. As we know, it was E. B. Wilson who popularized the concept of a “stem cell” in his book The Cell in Development and Inheritance (1896, London: Macmillan & Co.). Given that stem cell research is my field and that E. B. Wilson is so revered within the cell biology community, I am a bit humbled by how long it took me to truly grasp his vision and imaginative thinking. I appreciate it deeply now, and on this meaningful occasion, I will sketch my rather circuitous road to cell biology. PMID:26515974

Notes on winter feeding behavior and molt in Wilson's phalaropes

USGS Publications Warehouse

Burger, J.; Howe, M.

1975-01-01

Wilson's Phalaropes, Steganopus tricolor, migrate in late summer from the prairie regions of North America to their wintering grounds in the highlands of Peru and the inland and coastal waters of Chile, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Argentina (Holmes 1939, Meyer de Schauensee 1970). Reports on these birds from their wintering habitat are few. This paper describes numbers, feeding behavior, and molt of Wilson's Phalaropes wintering in a freshwater marsh in central Argentina. Fieldwork in Argentina was conducted by the senior author. The junior author analyzed molt patterns of birds collected there and added data he collected in North Dakota in 1968 and 1969.

A history of altruism focusing on Darwin, Allee and E.O. Wilson.

PubMed

Domondon, Andrew T

2013-06-01

The problem of altruism refers to the apparent difficulty in reconciling the existence of altruists, individuals who reduce their own fitness to increase the fitness of others, with natural selection. A historical and philosophical overview of solutions to this apparent contradiction is presented through a close reading of the key texts of Charles Darwin, Warder C. Allee and Edward O. Wilson. Following an analysis of Darwin's explanation for altruism, I examine the ideas of group selection and kin selection advanced by Allee and Wilson, respectively, Attention is also given to the philosophical implications each associated with their respective solutions. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

William E. Wilson and his contemporaries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Elliott, I.

Although he never attended school or university, William E. Wilson FRS, of Daramona, County Westmeath, made pioneering contributions to solar physics, celestial photography and stellar photometry. His well-equipped observatory attracted collaborators who included George Francis FitzGerald of Trinity College Dublin and Arthur Rambaut of Dunsink Observatory.

76 FR 13992 - Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-15

... result in a contrary determination. ADDRESSES: You may submit comments, identified by docket number and... ``Deputy Director, Defense Manpower Data Center, 1600 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 400, Arlington, VA 22209... Deputy Director, Defense Manpower Data Center, 1600 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 400, Arlington, VA 22209-2593...

Material investigation of the full-depth, precast concrete deck panels of the old Woodrow Wilson Bridge.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-01-01

The Woodrow Wilson Memorial Bridge crossing the Potomac River near Washington, D.C., was replaced after more than 45 years of service. Researchers examined the full-depth, precast lightweight concrete deck panels that were installed on this structure...

Robert Wilson's Invitation to Insanity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stephens, Judith L.

The plays of stage director Robert Wilson are devices presenting alternative modes of perception to theatre audiences accustomed to verbal/aural structures of experience. Uniting his interests in the arts and therapy, his plays create a theatrical event promoting empathy with the perceptions of the mentally or physically handicapped and…

College Board Response to "Harvard Educational Review" Article by Santelices and Wilson

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

College Board, 2010

2010-01-01

This is the College Board's response to a research article by Drs. Maria Veronica Santelices and Mark Wilson in the Harvard Educational Review, entitled "Unfair Treatment? The Case of Freedle, the SAT, and the Standardization Approach to Differential Item Functioning" (see EJ930622).

Minimal area surfaces dual to Wilson loops and the Mathieu equation

DOE PAGES

Huang, Changyu; He, Yifei; Kruczenski, Martin

2016-08-11

The AdS/CFT correspondence relates Wilson loops in N=4 SYM to minimal area surfaces in AdS 5 × S 5 space. Recently, a new approach to study minimal area surfaces in AdS 3 c AdS 5 was discussed based on a Schroedinger equation with a periodic potential determined by the Schwarzian derivative of the shape of the Wilson loop. Here we use the Mathieu equation, a standard example of a periodic potential, to obtain a class of Wilson loops such that the area of the dual minimal area surface can be computed analytically in terms of eigenvalues of such equation. Asmore » opposed to previous examples, these minimal surfaces have an umbilical point (where the principal curvatures are equal) and are invariant under λ-deformations. In various limits they reduce to the single and multiple wound circular Wilson loop and to the regular light-like polygons studied by Alday and Maldacena. In this last limit, the periodic potential becomes a series of deep wells each related to a light-like segment. Small corrections are described by a tight-binding approximation. In the circular limit they are well approximated by an expansion developed by A. Dekel. In the particular case of no umbilical points they reduce to a previous solution proposed by J. Toledo. The construction works both in Euclidean and Minkowski signature of AdS 3.« less

Search for Activity in Comet-Asteroid Transition Object 107P/Wilson-Harrington

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khayat, Alain; Meech, K.; Pittichova, J.; Schorghofer, N.; Yang, B.; Sonnett, S.; Riesen, T.; Kleyna, J.; Kaluna, H.; Keane, J.

2010-10-01

Comet-asteroid transition object 107P/Wilson-Harrington was observed near its October 22, 2009 perihelion passage to search for activity. No activity was detected. Consequently, we place limits on possible dust production of 0.013 kg/s at 1.23 AU. Furthermore, the data was not sufficient to constrain a rotation period; however, it is clear that the rotation period is > 4hr. Our data is consistent with the observations of others (6.1 hr). Phase function fitting yielded a value of the phase coefficient beta= 0.0406 ± .0001 mag/deg, similar to C-type asteroids that have a linear phase curve at large phase angles. Thermal models for 107P/Wilson-Harrington show that the average loss rate of exposed crystalline ice at zero latitude is in the order of 0.3 meters/year. The derived high loss rate suggests that 107P/Wilson-Harrington is deprived of surface ice. Our observations and analysis confirm earlier findings that 107P/Wilson-Harrington is an example of the very few such objects discovered so far. Such study we made is a critical next step in understanding the life of dormant comets, and a window into the evolutionary end states of the lives of comets that become extinct. This work has been supported in part by AST-0807521 from the National Science Foundation.

Sociobiology for Social Scientists: A Critical Introduction to E.O. Wilson's Evolutionary Paradigm.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dugger, William M.

1981-01-01

Reviews recent works of E.O. Wilson on sociobiology (the evolutionary and comparative study of social animals, including humans). Topics discussed include the nature of sociobiology, explanatory hypotheses in sociobiology, subdisciplines, biological individualism and altruism, costs of social engineering, and evolutionary perspectives. (DB)

Trends in Education Philanthropy: A Roundtable with Foundation Leaders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Connection: The Journal of the New England Board of Higher Education, 2006

2006-01-01

In February 2006, Nellie Mae Education Foundation President and Chief Executive Officer Blenda J. Wilson convened a roundtable discussion on trends in education philanthropy. Wilson's guests were Ron Ancrum, president of Associated Grant Makers, which serves grantmaking members in Massachusetts and New Hampshire; Nancy P. Roberts, president of the…

Inspection Time: A Biomarker for Cognitive Decline

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gregory, Tess; Nettelbeck, Ted; Howard, Sara; Wilson, Carlene

2008-01-01

Inspection Time (IT) is a psychophysical speed measure that has been linked to a range of cognitive abilities with results finding that shorter IT is associated with superior performance in cognitive abilities. Following a recent suggestion by Nettelbeck and Wilson [Nettelbeck, T., & Wilson, C. (2004). The Flynn effect: Smarter not faster.…

Stopover ecology and habitat use of migratory Wilson's Warblers

Treesearch

Wang Yong; Deborah M. Finch; Frank R. Moore; Jeffrey F. Kelly

1998-01-01

The conservation of long-distance migratory songbirds is complicated by their life-history characteristics and the spatial scales that they traverse. Events during migratory stopovers may have significant consequences in determining the population status of migratory songbirds. Using Wilson's Warbler (Wilsonia pusilla) as a focal species, we investigated effects...

Wilson Reading System[R]. What Works Clearinghouse Intervention Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

What Works Clearinghouse, 2007

2007-01-01

Wilson Reading System[R] is a supplemental reading and writing curriculum designed to promote reading accuracy (decoding) and spelling (encoding) skills for students with word-level deficits. The program is designed to teach phonemic awareness, alphabetic principles (sound-symbol relationship), word study, spelling, sight word instruction,…

76 FR 3176 - Proposed Extension of Existing Information Collection; Records of Tests and of Examinations of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-19

..., Regulations, and Variances, 1100 Wilson Boulevard, Room 2350, Arlington, VA 22209-3939. (4) Hand Delivery or Courier: MSHA, Office of Standards, Regulations, and Variances, 1100 Wilson Boulevard, Room 2350... CONTACT: Mario Distasio, Chief of the Economic Analysis Division, Office of Standards, Regulations, and...

Converting the H. W. Wilson Company Indexes to an Automated System: A Functional Analysis.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Regazzi, John J.

1984-01-01

Description of the computerized information system that supports the editorial and manufacturing processes involved in creation of Wilson's subject indexes and catalogs includes the major subsystems--online data entry, batch input processing, validation and release, file generation and database management, online and offline retrieval, publication…

The Development of Field Guides for Birding: Gwillim, Wilson, Audubon and Peterson.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cameron, Teddy

2000-01-01

Discusses the increasing interest of the public in nature and art of the 18th and 19th centuries, and making watercolor painting a part of the curriculum. Focuses on the works and publishing of Gwillim, Wilson, Audubon, and Peterson. (Contains 12 references.) (YDS)

Municipal Broadband in Wilson, North Carolina: A Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Boyle, Timothy

2012-01-01

Relatively little empirical attention has been paid to the political economy of publicly-retailed fiber-optic broadband internet service. To address this gap in the literature, this dissertation examines the history, dynamics and trends in the municipal broadband movement. In specific, Wilson, North Carolina's Greenlight service is examined in…

Big Brains, Small Impact

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jacoby, Russell

2008-01-01

Earlier 20th-century thinkers like Lewis Mumford and Edmund Wilson kept the university and its apparatus at arm's length. Indeed, they often disdained it. They oriented themselves toward an educated public, and, as a result, they developed a straightforward prose and gained a nonprofessional audience. As his reputation grew, Wilson printed up a…

Discovery Learning in Autonomous Agents Using Genetic Algorithms

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-12-01

Meyer and Wilson (47). 65. Roitblat , H. L., et al. "Biomimetic Sonar Processing: Prom Dolphin Echoloc-Ation to Artificial Neural Networks." In Meyer and...34 In Meyer and Wilson (47). 65. Roitblat , H. L., et al. "Biomimetic Sonar Processing: From Dolphin Echolocation to Artificial Neural Networks." In

Wilson Reading System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Education Commission of the States, Denver, CO.

This paper provides an overview of the Wilson Reading System, which teaches students word structure and language through a carefully sequenced, 12-step system that helps them master decoding and spelling. The program targets the needs of students at all levels (K-12), specifically students with language learning disabilities such as dyslexia;…

Rodin, Patton, Edison, Wilson, Einstein: Were They Really Learning Disabled?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adelman, Kimberly A.; Adelman, Howard S.

1987-01-01

The practice of posthumously diagnosing historical figures is discussed. Emphasis is on the unsatisfactory nature of evidence found for those diagnosed as learning-disabled or dyslexic and the possibility of other explanations for identified problems. Posthumous diagnoses of Auguste Rodin, George Patton, Thomas Edison, Woodrow Wilson, and Albert…

Why Can’t We Be Friends: Peace Corps and Military Cooperation in Africa

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-05-02

disease and controlling ethnic warfare. 18 Convincing Africans and their leaders that the US wants them to succeed and not just help capture terrorists...tln·ough aids to Kennedy and momentum for the Peace Corps gt’ew.26 . It was . not long after this that JFK gave his famous Cow Palace speech and made his...C~rpsStrength," The Peace Corps, ed.Pauline Mad ow (New York: H.W. Wilson Company, l964), 159. 45 Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, Assessing

Bibliography of Ticks and Tickborne Diseases from Homer (About 800 B.C.) to 31 December 1979. Volume 6.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-07-01

Nutritive medium for culturing LAVERGNE, V. de; HELLUY, J. R.;t B. tularensis on the basis of Soviet fer- BEUREY, J. ; SOMMELET & PIERSON, mentative...Moskva. U(9)tS*-36. AJAYI, B. A.;g WILSON, A, J7. & CAMPBELL. R. S. R. (1976A) Experimental bovine anaplasinoss Clinico-pathological and nutritional ...parasites of livestock. J. October 19771, pp. 42-46. Med. Ent. , 13(6):629-658. (1978A) Copulation, nutrition et GRAHAM. 0. H.; GONZALEZ, J. C.t BRAM, ponte

Recirculating Industrial Air: The Impact on Air Compliance and Workers; Safety Case Study: Hill Air Force Base C-130 Painting Operations.

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-06-29

chromium are Cr° (metal), Cr3+ and Cr6+. The trivalent chromium (Cr3+) and hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) are the most biologically significant. Cr + is...REFERENCES Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). "Case Studies in Environmental Medicine: Chromium Toxicity," U.S. Department...Wilson B. M. ’The Fate of Hexavalent Chromium in the Atmosphere," Research Triangle Institute RTI/3 798/00- 01F (October 1988). Hughes, S., Ayer, J

The Split Nucleus of Comet Wilson (C/1986 P1 = 1987 VII).

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meech, Karen J.; Knopp, Graham P.; Farnham, Tony L.; Green, Daniel

1995-07-01

We present CCD observations of Comet Wilson (C/1986 P1 = 1987 VII) from 26 nights during the time period 1986 October to 1991 February, which brackets perihelion, During the observing run of 1988 February, the comet was observed to have split into two fragments. Our broadband CCD photometry, along with photometry from the International Cometary Quarterly, shows a steady decline in brightness of Comet Wilson post-perihelion, with an outburst between heliocentric distances r = 2.8 and 3.3 AU during 1987 October and November. By r ≈ 7 AU, the fragment had faded with respect to the parent and was no longer centrally condensed. A brightness limit of mR ≈ 25, when the comet was at r = 12.65 AU, constrains the primary nucleus to have a maximum radius between 5 and 7 km, assuming an albedo of 0.04. The accuracy of direct orbital solutions for the parent body and fragment to determine the time of splitting was limited by the presence of significant nongravitational forces and the limited fragment orbital coverage. We used the relative position of the fragment with respect to the parent to calculate a time of splitting which was consistent with the time of the observed outburst. We discuss the possible causes of the splitting. The coma of Comet Wilson was observed to have a surface-brightness profile which fell off as p-1 (characteristic of a canonical steady-state coma under the influence of radiation pressure) for all of the data with the exception of the data taken during 1987 November when the gradient was p-1.3 . This steeper slope was probably caused by the injection of new material into the coma during the outburst. During 1986 October, there was a break in the surface-brightness profile slope which may be interpreted as the distance at which grains are swept into the tail. The profiles suggested grain velocities of a few x 10 2 to 10 m sec -1 for grains between 1 and a few hundred micrometers. Finson-Probstein dust modeling showed that ejection of grains began preperihelion at r gt; 6 AU, peaking near perihelion with a very rapid decline thereafter, with an outburst occurring roughly 170 days post-perihelion. We found no evidence for the existence of discrete features in the coma. Both the primary and fragment nuclei grew redder with time, with the fragment being redder than the parent, consistent with the picture of smaller grains leaving the field of view of the aperture more quickly than larger grains.

High resolution spectroscopy of the disk chromosphere. II - Time sequence observations of Ca II H and K emissions.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilson, P. R.; Rees, D. E.; Beckers, J. M.; Brown, D. R.

1972-01-01

Two independent sets of high resolution time series spectra of the Ca II H and K emission obtained at the Solar Tower and at the Big Dome of the Sacramento Peak Observatory on September 11th, 1971 are reported. The evolutionary behavior of the emission first reported by Wilson and Evans is confirmed, but the detail of the evolution is found to be more complex. In one case, a doubly peaked feature showing some K3 emission evolves into a single K2 (red) peak with no K3 emission. Coincidentally, a neighboring doubly peaked feature evolves to a very strong blue peak. In an entirely independent sequence a doubly peaked feature evolves into a single red peak. The K2 emission then fades completely although the continuum threads are still strong. Finally a strong K2 blue peak appears. It is concluded that the observed evolution of the K2 emission is due to temporal variations in the physical conditions which give rise to them.

Therapeutic potential of copper chelation with triethylenetetramine in managing diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease.

PubMed

Cooper, Garth J S

2011-07-09

This article reviews recent evidence, much of which has been generated by my group's research programme, which has identified for the first time a previously unknown copper-overload state that is central to the pathogenesis of diabetic organ damage. This state causes tissue damage in the blood vessels, heart, kidneys, retina and nerves through copper-mediated oxidative stress. This author now considers this copper-overload state to provide an important new target for therapeutic intervention, the objective of which is to prevent or reverse the diabetic complications. Triethylenetetramine (TETA) has recently been identified as the first in a new class of anti-diabetic molecules through the original work reviewed here, thus providing a new use for this molecule, which was previously approved by the US FDA in 1985 as a second-line treatment for Wilson's disease. TETA acts as a highly selective divalent copper (Cu(II)) chelator that prevents or reverses diabetic copper overload, thereby suppressing oxidative stress. TETA treatment of diabetic animals and patients has identified and quantified the interlinked defects in copper metabolism that characterize this systemic copper overload state. Copper overload in diabetes mellitus differs from that in Wilson's disease through differences in their respective causative molecular mechanisms, and resulting differences in tissue localization and behaviour of the excess copper. Elevated pathogenetic tissue binding of copper occurs in diabetes. It may well be mediated by advanced-glycation endproduct (AGE) modification of susceptible amino-acid residues in long-lived fibrous proteins, for example, connective tissue collagens in locations such as blood vessel walls. These AGE modifications can act as localized, fixed endogenous chelators that increase the chelatable-copper content of organs such as the heart and kidneys by binding excessive amounts of catalytically active Cu(II) in specific vascular beds, thereby focusing the related copper-mediated oxidative stress in susceptible tissues. In this review, summarized evidence from our clinical studies in healthy volunteers and diabetic patients with left-ventricular hypertrophy, and from nonclinical models of diabetic cardiac, arterial, renal and neural disease is used to construct descriptions of the mechanisms by which TETA treatment prevents injury and regenerates damaged organs. Our recent phase II proof-of-principle studies in patients with type 2 diabetes and in nonclinical models of diabetes have helped to define the pathogenetic defects in copper regulation, and have shown that they are reversible by TETA. The drug tightly binds and extracts excess systemic Cu(II) into the urine whilst neutralizing its catalytic activity, but does not cause systemic copper deficiency, even after prolonged use. Its physicochemical properties, which are pivotal for its safety and efficacy, clearly differentiate it from all other clinically available transition metal chelators, including D-penicillamine, ammonium tetrathiomolybdate and clioquinol. The studies reviewed here show that TETA treatment is generally effective in preventing or reversing diabetic organ damage, and support its ongoing development as a new medicine for diabetes. Trientine (TETA dihydrochloride) has been used since the mid-1980s as a second-line treatment for Wilson's disease, and our recent clinical studies have reinforced the impression that it is likely to be safe for long-term use in patients with diabetes and related metabolic disorders. There is substantive evidence to support the view that diabetes shares many pathogenetic mechanisms with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Indeed, the close epidemiological and molecular linkages between them point to Alzheimer's disease/vascular dementia as a further therapeutic target where experimental pharmacotherapy with TETA could well find further clinical application.

The Menkes and Wilson disease genes counteract in copper toxicosis in Labrador retrievers: a new canine model for copper-metabolism disorders

PubMed Central

Fieten, Hille; Gill, Yadvinder; Martin, Alan J.; Concilli, Mafalda; Dirksen, Karen; van Steenbeek, Frank G.; Spee, Bart; van den Ingh, Ted S. G. A. M.; Martens, Ellen C. C. P.; Festa, Paola; Chesi, Giancarlo; van de Sluis, Bart; Houwen, Roderick H. J. H.; Watson, Adrian L.; Aulchenko, Yurii S.; Hodgkinson, Victoria L.; Zhu, Sha; Petris, Michael J.; Polishchuk, Roman S.; Leegwater, Peter A. J.; Rothuizen, Jan

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT The deleterious effects of a disrupted copper metabolism are illustrated by hereditary diseases caused by mutations in the genes coding for the copper transporters ATP7A and ATP7B. Menkes disease, involving ATP7A, is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder of copper deficiency. Mutations in ATP7B lead to Wilson disease, which is characterized by a predominantly hepatic copper accumulation. The low incidence and the phenotypic variability of human copper toxicosis hamper identification of causal genes or modifier genes involved in the disease pathogenesis. The Labrador retriever was recently characterized as a new canine model for copper toxicosis. Purebred dogs have reduced genetic variability, which facilitates identification of genes involved in complex heritable traits that might influence phenotype in both humans and dogs. We performed a genome-wide association study in 235 Labrador retrievers and identified two chromosome regions containing ATP7A and ATP7B that were associated with variation in hepatic copper levels. DNA sequence analysis identified missense mutations in each gene. The amino acid substitution ATP7B:p.Arg1453Gln was associated with copper accumulation, whereas the amino acid substitution ATP7A:p.Thr327Ile partly protected against copper accumulation. Confocal microscopy indicated that aberrant copper metabolism upon expression of the ATP7B variant occurred because of mis-localization of the protein in the endoplasmic reticulum. Dermal fibroblasts derived from ATP7A:p.Thr327Ile dogs showed copper accumulation and delayed excretion. We identified the Labrador retriever as the first natural, non-rodent model for ATP7B-associated copper toxicosis. Attenuation of copper accumulation by the ATP7A mutation sheds an interesting light on the interplay of copper transporters in body copper homeostasis and warrants a thorough investigation of ATP7A as a modifier gene in copper-metabolism disorders. The identification of two new functional variants in ATP7A and ATP7B contributes to the biological understanding of protein function, with relevance for future development of therapy. PMID:26747866

19. VIEW OF EAST ELEVATION. THOMAS G. WILSON ADDED THE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

19. VIEW OF EAST ELEVATION. THOMAS G. WILSON ADDED THE ONE-STORY RETAIL STORE IN 1958. IT REPLACED A SMALLER ONE-STORY OFFICE IN THE SAME LOCATION. Photographer: Louise Taft Cawood, July 1986 - Alexander's Grist Mill, Lock 37 on Ohio & Erie Canal, South of Cleveland, Valley View, Cuyahoga County, OH

A Stability Police Force for the United States: Justification and Options for Creating U.S. Capabilities

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

Investigative Analysis, Ottawa: Royal Canadian Mounted Police, 2007; John E. Eck , Spencer Chainey, James G. Cameron , Michael Leitner, and Ronald E. Wilson...Kuwait,” Parameters, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1991–1992. Eck , John E., Spencer Chainey, James G. Cameron , Michael Leitner, and Ronald E. Wilson

Gluon and Wilson loop TMDs for hadrons of spin ≤ 1

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boer, Daniël; Cotogno, Sabrina; van Daal, Tom; Mulders, Piet J.; Signori, Andrea; Zhou, Ya-Jin

2016-10-01

In this paper we consider the parametrizations of gluon transverse momentum dependent (TMD) correlators in terms of TMD parton distribution functions (PDFs). These functions, referred to as TMDs, are defined as the Fourier transforms of hadronic matrix elements of nonlocal combinations of gluon fields. The nonlocality is bridged by gauge links, which have characteristic paths (future or past pointing), giving rise to a process dependence that breaks universality. For gluons, the specific correlator with one future and one past pointing gauge link is, in the limit of small x, related to a correlator of a single Wilson loop. We present the parametrization of Wilson loop correlators in terms of Wilson loop TMDs and discuss the relation between these functions and the small- x `dipole' gluon TMDs. This analysis shows which gluon TMDs are leading or suppressed in the small- x limit. We discuss hadronic targets that are unpolarized, vector polarized (relevant for spin-1 /2 and spin-1 hadrons), and tensor polarized (relevant for spin-1 hadrons). The latter are of interest for studies with a future Electron-Ion Collider with polarized deuterons.

High-resolution tephrochronology of the Wilson Creek Formation (Mono Lake, California) and Laschamp event using 238U-230Th SIMS dating of accessory mineral rims

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vazquez, Jorge A.; Lidzbarski, Marsha I.

2012-12-01

Sediments of the Wilson Creek Formation surrounding Mono Lake preserve a high-resolution archive of glacial and pluvial responses along the eastern Sierra Nevada due to late Pleistocene climate change. An absolute chronology for the Wilson Creek stratigraphy is critical for correlating the paleoclimate record to other archives in the western U.S. and the North Atlantic region. However, multiple attempts to date the Wilson Creek stratigraphy using carbonates and tephras yield discordant results due to open-system effects and radiocarbon reservoir uncertainties as well as abundant xenocrysts. New ion microprobe 238U-230Th dating of the final increments of crystallization recorded by allanite and zircon autocrysts from juvenile pyroclasts yield ages that effectively date eruption of key tephra beds and delimit the timing of basal Wilson Creek sedimentation to the interval between 26.8±2.1 and 61.7±1.9 ka. Tephra (Ash 15) erupted during the geomagnetic excursion originally designated the Mono Lake excursion yields an age of 40.8±1.9 ka, indicating that the event is instead the Laschamp excursion. The new ages support a depositional chronology from magnetostratigraphy that indicates quasi-synchronous glacial and hydrologic responses in the Sierra Nevada and Mono Basin to regional climate change, with intervals of lake filling and glacial-snowpack melting that are in phase with peaks in spring insolation.

The mantle lithosphere and the Wilson Cycle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heron, Philip; Pysklywec, Russell; Stephenson, Randell

2017-04-01

In the view of the conventional theory of plate tectonics (e.g., the Wilson Cycle), crustal inheritance is often considered important in tectonic evolution. However, the role of the mantle lithosphere is usually overlooked due to its difficulty to image and uncertainty in rheological makeup. Deep seismic imaging has shown potential scarring in continental mantle lithosphere to be ubiquitous. Recent studies have interpreted mantle lithosphere heterogeneities to be pre-existing structures, and as such linked to the Wilson Cycle and inheritance. In our study, we analyze intraplate deformation driven by mantle lithosphere heterogeneities from ancient Wilson Cycle processes and compare this to crustal inheritance deformation. We present 2-D numerical experiments of continental convergence to generate intraplate deformation, exploring the limits of continental rheology to understand the dominant lithosphere layer across a broad range of geological settings. By implementing a "jelly sandwich" rheology, characteristic of stable continental lithosphere, we find that during compression the strength of the mantle lithosphere is integral in controlling deformation from a structural anomaly. We posit that if the continental mantle is the strongest layer within the lithosphere, then such inheritance may have important implications for the Wilson Cycle. Furthermore, our models show that deformation driven by mantle lithosphere scarring can produce tectonic patterns related to intraplate orogenesis originating from crustal sources, highlighting the need for a more formal discussion of the role of the mantle lithosphere in plate tectonics. We outline the difficulty in unravelling the causes of tectonic deformation, alongside discussing the role of deep lithosphere processes in plate tectonics.

High-resolution tephrochronology of the Wilson Creek Formation (Mono Lake, California) and Laschamp event using 238U-230Th SIMS dating of accessory mineral rims

USGS Publications Warehouse

Vazquez, Jorge A.; Lidzbarski, Marsha I.

2012-01-01

Sediments of the Wilson Creek Formation surrounding Mono Lake preserve a high-resolution archive of glacial and pluvial responses along the eastern Sierra Nevada due to late Pleistocene climate change. An absolute chronology for the Wilson Creek stratigraphy is critical for correlating the paleoclimate record to other archives in the western U.S. and the North Atlantic region. However, multiple attempts to date the Wilson Creek stratigraphy using carbonates and tephras yield discordant results due to open-system effects and radiocarbon reservoir uncertainties as well as abundant xenocrysts. New ion microprobe 238U-230Th dating of the final increments of crystallization recorded by allanite and zircon autocrysts from juvenile pyroclasts yield ages that effectively date eruption of key tephra beds and delimit the timing of basal Wilson Creek sedimentation to the interval between 26.8±2.1 and 61.7±1.9 ka. Tephra (Ash 15) erupted during the geomagnetic excursion originally designated the Mono Lake excursion yields an age of 40.8±1.9 ka, indicating that the event is instead the Laschamp excursion. The new ages support a depositional chronology from magnetostratigraphy that indicates quasi-synchronous glacial and hydrologic responses in the Sierra Nevada and Mono Basin to regional climate change, with intervals of lake filling and glacial-snowpack melting that are in phase with peaks in spring insolation.

Evaluating the Correlation between Anteroposterior and Mediolateral Compensatory Curves and their Influence on Dentoskeletal Morphology-An In vitro CBCT Study.

PubMed

Babu, K Suresh; Kumar, A Nanda; Kommi, Pradeep Babu; Krishnan, P Hari; Kumar, M Senthil; Sabapathy, R Senkutvan; Kumar, V Vijay

2017-08-01

To date, many orthodontist corrects malocclusion based on patients aesthetic concern and fails to correct the compensatory curves. This scenario is due to less insight on understanding relationship of compensatory curves and its correlation in treatment prognosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the curve of Spee, curve of Monson and curve of Wilson, their influence on dentoskeletal morphology and their contribution to occlusal stability. This study included 104 non-orthodontic models. The study casts were subdivided into two groups, Group-I consist 52 non- orthodontic models with Class-I molar relationship and Group-II consist of 52 non- orthodontic models with Class-II molar relationship. Curve of Spee was measured with digital vernier caliper, curve of Monson estimated using specially made sphere (7″inch, 8″ inch and 9″inch) and curve of Wilson was evaluated using Cone Beam Computed Technology (CBCT). Mean value for curve of Spee obtained for Group I and Group II is 1.844 mm and 3.188 mm. For curve of Monson, the mean value obtained for Group I and Group-II is 7.65 inches and 7.40 inches. The mean degree obtained for the curve of Wilson for Group I and Group-II is 12.05 and 16.49. The result showed positive correlation between curve of Spee and curve of Wilson and no correlation between curve of Monson and curve of Wilson and no correlation between curve of Spee and curve of Monson. The Pearson correlation coefficient analysis from the study confirmed these results. The results showed positive correlation between curve of spee and curve of Wilson. The data found in this study can be applied clinically for Class I and Class II malocclusion patients on diagnosis and treatment planning.

Geodynamic models of the Wilson Cycle: From rifts to mountains to rifts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buiter, Susanne; Tetreault, Joya; Torsvik, Trond

2015-04-01

The Wilson Cycle theory that oceans close and reopen along the former suture is a fundamental concept in plate tectonics. The theory suggests that subduction initiates at a passive margin, closing the ocean, and that future continental extension localises at the ensuing collision zone. Each stage of the Wilson Cycle will therefore be characterised by inherited structural and thermal heterogeneities. Here we investigate the role of Wilson Cycle inheritance by considering the influence of (1) passive margin structure on continental collision and (2) collision zones on passive margin formation. Passive margins may be preferred locations for subduction initiation because inherited faults and areas of exhumed serpentinized mantle may weaken a margin enough to localise shortening. If subduction initiates at a passive margin, the shape and structure of the passive margins will affect future continental collision. Our review of present-day passive margins along the Atlantic and Indian Oceans reveals that most passive margins are located on former collision zones. Continental break-up occurs on relatively young sutures, such as Morocco-Nova Scotia, and on very old sutures, such as the Greenland-Labrador and East Antarctica-Australia systems. This implies that it is not always post-collisional collapse that initiates the extensional phase of a Wilson Cycle. We highlight the impact of collision zone inheritance on continental extension and rifted margin architecture. We show numerical experiments of one Wilson Cycle of subduction, collision, and extension. Subduction initiates at a tapered passive margin. Closure of a 60 Ma ocean leads to continental collision and slab break-off, followed by some tens of kilometres of slab eduction. Mantle flow above the sinking detached slab enhances deformation in the rift area. The resulting rift exposes not only continental crust, but also subduction-related sediments and oceanic crust remnants. Renewed subduction in the post-collision phase is enabled by lithosphere delamination and slab rollback, leading to back-arc extension in a style similar to the Tyrrhenian Sea.

Lattice corrections to the quark quasidistribution at one loop

DOE PAGES

Carlson, Carl E.; Freid, Michael

2017-05-12

Here, we calculate radiative corrections to the quark quasidistribution in lattice perturbation theory at one loop to leading orders in the lattice spacing. We also consider one-loop corrections in continuum Euclidean space. We find that the infrared behavior of the corrections in Euclidean and Minkowski space are different. Furthermore, we explore features of momentum loop integrals and demonstrate why loop corrections from the lattice perturbation theory and Euclidean continuum do not correspond with their Minkowski brethren, and comment on a recent suggestion for transcending the differences in the results. Finally, we examine the role of the lattice spacing a andmore » of the r parameter in the Wilson action in these radiative corrections.« less

Lattice corrections to the quark quasidistribution at one loop

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carlson, Carl E.; Freid, Michael

Here, we calculate radiative corrections to the quark quasidistribution in lattice perturbation theory at one loop to leading orders in the lattice spacing. We also consider one-loop corrections in continuum Euclidean space. We find that the infrared behavior of the corrections in Euclidean and Minkowski space are different. Furthermore, we explore features of momentum loop integrals and demonstrate why loop corrections from the lattice perturbation theory and Euclidean continuum do not correspond with their Minkowski brethren, and comment on a recent suggestion for transcending the differences in the results. Finally, we examine the role of the lattice spacing a andmore » of the r parameter in the Wilson action in these radiative corrections.« less

Functional analysis of mutations in the ATP loop of the Wilson disease copper transporter, ATP7B.

PubMed

Luoma, Leiah M; Deeb, Taha M M; Macintyre, Georgina; Cox, Diane W

2010-05-01

Wilson disease (WND) is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting from mutation of ATP7B. Transport of copper by ATP7B from the trans-Golgi of hepatocytes into apical membrane-trafficked vesicles for excretion in the bile is the major means of copper elimination from the body. Although copper is an essential nutrient, homeostasis must be carefully maintained. If homeostasis is disrupted, copper can accumulate within the liver, kidney, cornea, and/or brain. The range of organs affected leads to clinical heterogeneity and difficulty in WND diagnosis. Sequencing of ATP7B is an important adjunct for diagnosis but has led to the discovery of many novel missense variants. Although prediction programs are available, functional characterization is essential for determining the consequence of novel variants. We have tested 12 missense variants localized to the ATP loop of ATP7B and compared three predictive programs (SIFT, PolyPhen, and Align-GVGD). We found p.L1043P, p.G1000R, p.G1101R, p.I1102T, p.V1239G, and p.D1267V deleterious; p.G1176E and p.G1287S intermediate; p.E1173G temperature sensitive; p.T991M and p.I1148T mild; and p.R1228T functioning as wild type. We found that SIFT most often agreed with functional data (92%), compared with PolyPhen (83%) and Align-GVGD (67%). We conclude that variants found to negatively affect function likely contribute to the WND phenotype in patients. (c) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Clusterin and COMMD1 Independently Regulate Degradation of the Mammalian Copper ATPases ATP7A and ATP7B*

PubMed Central

Materia, Stephanie; Cater, Michael A.; Klomp, Leo W. J.; Mercer, Julian F. B.; La Fontaine, Sharon

2012-01-01

ATP7A and ATP7B are copper-transporting P1B-type ATPases (Cu-ATPases) that are critical for regulating intracellular copper homeostasis. Mutations in the genes encoding ATP7A and ATP7B lead to copper deficiency and copper toxicity disorders, Menkes and Wilson diseases, respectively. Clusterin and COMMD1 were previously identified as interacting partners of these Cu-ATPases. In this study, we confirmed that clusterin and COMMD1 interact to down-regulate both ATP7A and ATP7B. Overexpression and knockdown of clusterin/COMMD1 decreased and increased, respectively, endogenous levels of ATP7A and ATP7B, consistent with a role in facilitating Cu-ATPase degradation. We demonstrate that whereas the clusterin/ATP7B interaction was enhanced by oxidative stress or mutation of ATP7B, the COMMD1/ATP7B interaction did not change under oxidative stress conditions, and only increased with ATP7B mutations that led to its misfolding. Clusterin and COMMD1 facilitated the degradation of ATP7B containing the same Wilson disease-causing C-terminal mutations via different degradation pathways, clusterin via the lysosomal pathway and COMMD1 via the proteasomal pathway. Furthermore, endogenous ATP7B existed in a complex with clusterin and COMMD1, but these interactions were neither competitive nor cooperative and occurred independently of each other. Together these data indicate that clusterin and COMMD1 represent alternative and independent systems regulating Cu-ATPase quality control, and consequently contributing to the maintenance of copper homeostasis. PMID:22130675

Clinical efficacy and safety of chelation treatment with typical penicillamine in cross combination with DMPS repeatedly for Wilson's disease.

PubMed

Xu, San-Qing; Li, Xu-Fang; Zhu, Hui-Yun; Liu, Yan; Fang, Feng; Chen, Ling

2013-10-01

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of chelation treatment with penicillamine (PCA) in cross combination with sodium 2, 3-dimercapto-1-propane sulfonate (DMPS) repeatedly in patients with Wilson's disease (WD). Thirty-five patients with WD were enrolled. They were administrated intravenous DMPS in cross combination with oral PCA alternately which was practiced repeatedly, all with Zinc in the meantime. During the treatment, clinical observations and 24-h urine copper excretion as well as adverse effects of medicines were recorded and analyzed. Although the incidence of adverse effects was not significantly different after either intravenous DMPS or oral PCA treatment, levels of 24-h urine copper tended to be higher after short-term intravenous DMPS than that of oral PCA. Adverse effects in the course of intravenous DMPS were mainly neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, allergic reaction and bleeding tendency. As compared with oral PCA alone or intravenous DMPS alone, such repeated cross combination treatment could as much as possible avoid continued drug adverse effects or poor curative effect and had less chance to stop treatment in WD patients. Improved or recovered liver function in 71% of the patients, alleviated neurologic symptoms in 50% of the patients, and disappeared hematuria in 70% of the patients could be observed during the follow-up period of 6 months to 5 years after such combined chelation regimen. Chelation treatment repeatedly with oral penicillamine in cross combination with intravenous DMPS alternately could be more beneficial for WD patients to relieve symptoms, avoid continued drug adverse effects and maintain lifelong therapy.

Improving Michigan STEM Teachers and Teaching: The W.K. Kellogg Foundation's Woodrow Wilson Teaching Fellowship

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation, 2016

2016-01-01

The W. K. Kellogg Foundation's Woodrow Wilson Michigan Teaching Fellowship successfully addressed the challenge of preparing and supporting effective teachers for Michigan's high-need classrooms, while helping transform teacher education across the state for the long term. This report analyzes the efforts of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation's Woodrow…

Voice: Reflections on an Artist-Led Program at the Met

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Valladares, Maya

2017-01-01

This article explores an education project in which artist Fred Wilson, poets from Lincoln Center's Poet-Linc program, and the Met Museum Education Department collaborated to produce a teen-led spoken-word poetry performance in the Met's galleries. Wilson drew from his own knowledge of the collection to facilitate a group dialogue about objects…

Byron: A Collection of Critical Essays. Twentieth Century Views Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

West, Paul, Ed.

One of a series of works aimed at presenting contemporary critical opinion on major authors, this collection includes essays by G. Wilson Knight, Bernard Blackstone, Mario Praz, Paul West, Guy Steffan, F. R. Leavis, W. W. Robson, Helen Gardner, George M. Ridenour, Edmund Wilson, Gilbert Highet, Bertrand Russell, and John Wain--all dealing with the…

Monitoring the Effectiveness of the Wilson Reading System for Students with Disabilities: One District's Example

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stebbins, Molly S.; Stormont, Melissa; Lembke, Erica S.; Wilson, David J.; Clippard, Dana

2012-01-01

The current study detailed the manner in which one school district monitored the effectiveness of the Wilson Reading System for students with disabilities who were experiencing difficulty with reading. Effectiveness was measured by growth in the reading skills that have been documented to be critical for successful readers. Twenty fourth- and…

Insights into Wilson's Warbler migration from analyses of hydrogen stable-isotope ratios

Treesearch

Jeffrey F. Kelly; Viorel Atudorei; Zachary D. Sharp; Deborah M. Finch

2002-01-01

Our ability to link the breeding locations of individual passerines to migration stopover sites and wintering locations is limited. Stable isotopes of hydrogen contained in bird feathers have recently shown potential in this regard. We measured hydrogen stable-isotope ratios (deltaD) of feathers from breeding, migrating, and wintering Wilson's Warblers. Analyses...

Infrared Observations of Comets Halley and Wilson and Properties of the Grains

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hanner, Martha S. (Editor)

1988-01-01

The presented papers and discussions at a workshop held at Cornell Univ. are summarized. The infrared observations of Comet Halley and Comet Wilson are reviewed and they are related to optical properties and composition of cometary grains. Relevant laboratory studies are also discussed. Recommendations are made for future infrared comet observations and supporting laboratory investigations.

The Forest, Not the Tree(s): The Plight of the Generalist

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reinsmith, William A.

2006-01-01

The great naturalist Edward O. Wilson's (1998) recent plea for the "consilience" of knowledge should strike a chord in the heart of every generalist. Invoking the unfinished agenda of the Enlightenment, Wilson has called for a rapprochement among the several branches of learning so that they can be viewed as interrelated and constituting a whole.…

STS-131 crew during SSMTF Ingress/Egress Timeline training

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-02-10

JSC2010-E-024620 (10 Feb. 2010) --- NASA astronaut Stephanie Wilson, STS-131 mission specialist, participates in an ingress/egress timeline training session in a shuttle mock-up in the Space Vehicle Mock-up Facility at NASA's Johnson Space Center. United Space Alliance (USA) instructors David L. Williams (left) and Gary W. Kilgo assisted Wilson.

A Combined MG II/CA II Survey of Stellar Magnetic Activity in the Solar Neighborhood

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wicklund, B. M.; Donahue, R. A.; Dobson, A. K.; Baliunas, Sallie L.

1997-01-01

We use nearly contemporaneus low-resolution IUE observations of Mg II h + k emission and Mount Wilson Observatory Ca II H + K S indices for 33 pairs of observations of lower main sequence stars to formulate a relationship that will permit accurate predictions of S values as a function of (B - V) color and Mg II h + k flux. The resulting relationship is useful because it will extend the set of solar neighborhood stars for which a uniform estimate of chromospheric activity is available to include stars that are not observable from Mount Wilson as well as providing additional estimates of activity levels for stars that are on the Mount Wilson HK Project observing list.

Don Hendrix, master Mount Wilson and Palomar Observatories optician

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Osterbrock, Donald E.

2003-06-01

Don O. Hendrix, with at most a high-school education and no previous experience in optics, because an outstanding astronomical optician at Mount Wilson Observatory. He started making Schmidt-camera optics for spectrographs there in 1932, and ultimately made them for all the stellar and nebular spectrographs used at the prime, Newtonian, Cassegrain, and coudé foci of the 60-inch, 100-inch, and Palomar Hale 200-inch telescopes. He completed figuring and polishing the primary 200-inch mirror, and also the Lick Observatory 120-inch primary mirror. Mount Wilson and Palomar Observatory designers Theodore Dunham Jr., Rudolph Minkowski, and Ira S. Bowen led the way for many years in developing fast, effective astronomical spectrographs, based on Hendrix's skills.

The contribution of scalars to N = 4 SYM amplitudes II: Young tableaux, asymptotic factorisation and strong coupling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bonini, Alfredo; Fioravanti, Davide; Piscaglia, Simone; Rossi, Marco

2018-06-01

We disentangle the contribution of scalars to the OPE series of null hexagonal Wilson loops/MHV gluon scattering amplitudes in multicolour N = 4 SYM. In specific, we develop a systematic computation of the SU (4) matrix part of the Wilson loop by means of Young tableaux (with several examples). Then, we use a peculiar factorisation property (when a group of rapidities becomes large) to deduce an explicit polar form. Furthermore, we emphasise the advantages of expanding the logarithm of the Wilson loop in terms of 'connected functions' as we apply this procedure to find an explicit strong coupling expansion (definitively proving that the leading order can prevail on the classical AdS5 string contribution).

An embedding of the universal Askey-Wilson algebra into Uq (sl2) ⊗Uq (sl2) ⊗Uq (sl2)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huang, Hau-Wen

2017-09-01

The Askey-Wilson algebras were used to interpret the algebraic structure hidden in the Racah-Wigner coefficients of the quantum algebra Uq (sl2). In this paper, we display an injection of a universal analog △q of Askey-Wilson algebras into Uq (sl2) ⊗Uq (sl2) ⊗Uq (sl2) behind the application. Moreover we establish the decomposition rules for 3-fold tensor products of irreducible Verma Uq (sl2)-modules and of finite-dimensional irreducible Uq (sl2)-modules into the direct sums of finite-dimensional irreducible △q-modules. As an application, we derive a formula for the Racah-Wigner coefficients of Uq (sl2).

Wilson lines in the MHV action

DOE PAGES

Kotko, P.; Stasto, A. M.

2017-09-12

The MHV action is the Yang-Mills action quantized on the light-front, where the two explicit physical gluonic degrees of freedom have been canonically transformed to a new set of fields. This transformation leads to the action with vertices being off-shell continuations of the MHV amplitudes. We show that the solution to the field transformation expressing one of the new fields in terms of the Yang-Mills field is a certain type of the Wilson line. More precisely, it is a straight infinite gauge link with a slope extending to the light-cone minus and the transverse direction. One of the consequences ofmore » that fact is that certain MHV vertices reduced partially on-shell are gauge invariant — a fact discovered before using conventional light-front perturbation theory. We also analyze the diagrammatic content of the field transformations leading to the MHV action. We found that the diagrams for the solution to the transformation (given by the Wilson line) and its inverse differ only by light-front energy denominators. Further, we investigate the coordinate space version of the inverse solution to the one given by the Wilson line. We find an explicit expression given by a power series in fields. We also give a geometric interpretation to it by means of a specially defined vector field. Finally, we discuss the fact that the Wilson line solution to the transformation is directly related to the all-like helicity gluon wave function, while the inverse functional is a generating functional for solutions of self-dual Yang-Mills equations.« less

Wilson lines in the MHV action

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kotko, P.; Stasto, A. M.

The MHV action is the Yang-Mills action quantized on the light-front, where the two explicit physical gluonic degrees of freedom have been canonically transformed to a new set of fields. This transformation leads to the action with vertices being off-shell continuations of the MHV amplitudes. We show that the solution to the field transformation expressing one of the new fields in terms of the Yang-Mills field is a certain type of the Wilson line. More precisely, it is a straight infinite gauge link with a slope extending to the light-cone minus and the transverse direction. One of the consequences ofmore » that fact is that certain MHV vertices reduced partially on-shell are gauge invariant — a fact discovered before using conventional light-front perturbation theory. We also analyze the diagrammatic content of the field transformations leading to the MHV action. We found that the diagrams for the solution to the transformation (given by the Wilson line) and its inverse differ only by light-front energy denominators. Further, we investigate the coordinate space version of the inverse solution to the one given by the Wilson line. We find an explicit expression given by a power series in fields. We also give a geometric interpretation to it by means of a specially defined vector field. Finally, we discuss the fact that the Wilson line solution to the transformation is directly related to the all-like helicity gluon wave function, while the inverse functional is a generating functional for solutions of self-dual Yang-Mills equations.« less

Comparison of a modified mid-coronal sectioning technique and Wilson's technique when conducting eye and brain examinations in rabbit teratology studies.

PubMed

Ziejewski, Mary K; Solomon, Howard M; Rendemonti, Joyce; Stanislaus, Dinesh

2015-02-01

There are two methods used when examining fetal rabbit eyes and brain in teratology studies. One method employs prior fixation before serial sectioning (Wilson's technique) and the other uses fresh tissue (mid-coronal sectioning). We modified the mid-coronal sectioning technique to include removal of eyes and brain for closer examination and to increase the number of structures that can be evaluated and compared it to the Wilson's technique. We found that external examination of the head, in conjunction with either sectioning method, is equally sensitive in identifying developmental defects. We evaluated 40,401 New Zealand White (NZW) and Dutch-Belted (DB) rabbit fetuses for external head alterations, of which 28,538 fetuses were further examined for eye and brain alterations using the modified mid-coronal sectioning method (16,675 fetuses) or Wilson's technique (11,863 fetuses). The fetuses were from vehicle control or drug-treated pregnant rabbits in embryo-fetal development studies conducted to meet international regulatory requirements for the development of new drugs. Both methods detected the more common alterations (microphthalmia and dilated lateral cerebral ventricles) and other less common findings (changes in size and/or shape of eye and brain structures). While both methods are equally sensitive at detecting common and rare developmental defects, the modified mid-coronal sectioning technique eliminates the use of chemicals and concomitant fixation artifacts that occur with the Wilson's technique and allows for examination of 100% intact fetuses thereby increasing potential for detecting eye and brain alterations as these findings occur infrequently in rabbits. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Inflammation and Fibrosis in Polycystic Kidney Disease.

PubMed

Song, Cheng Jack; Zimmerman, Kurt A; Henke, Scott J; Yoder, Bradley K

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a commonly inherited disorder characterized by cyst formation and fibrosis (Wilson, N Engl J Med 350:151-164, 2004) and is caused by mutations in cilia or cilia-related proteins, such as polycystin 1 or 2 (Oh and Katsanis, Development 139:443-448, 2012; Kotsis et al., Nephrol Dial Transplant 28:518-526, 2013). A major pathological feature of PKD is the development of interstitial inflammation and fibrosis with an associated accumulation of inflammatory cells (Grantham, N Engl J Med 359:1477-1485, 2008; Zeier et al., Kidney Int 42:1259-1265, 1992; Ibrahim, Sci World J 7:1757-1767, 2007). It is unclear whether inflammation is a driving force for cyst formation or a consequence of the pathology (Ta et al., Nephrology 18:317-330, 2013) as in some murine models cysts are present prior to the increase in inflammatory cells (Phillips et al., Kidney Blood Press Res 30:129-144, 2007; Takahashi et al., J Am Soc Nephrol JASN 1:980-989, 1991), while in other models the increase in inflammatory cells is present prior to or coincident with cyst initiation (Cowley et al., Kidney Int 43:522-534, 1993, Kidney Int 60:2087-2096, 2001). Additional support for inflammation as an important contributor to cystic kidney disease is the increased expression of many pro-inflammatory cytokines in murine models and human patients with cystic kidney disease (Karihaloo et al., J Am Soc Nephrol JASN 22:1809-1814, 2011; Swenson-Fields et al., Kidney Int, 2013; Li et al., Nat Med 14:863-868, 2008a). Based on these data, an emerging model in the field is that disruption of primary cilia on tubule epithelial cells leads to abnormal cytokine cross talk between the epithelium and the inflammatory cells contributing to cyst growth and fibrosis (Ta et al., Nephrology 18:317-330, 2013). These cytokines are produced by interstitial fibroblasts, inflammatory cells, and tubule epithelial cells and activate multiple pathways including the JAK-STAT and NF-κB signaling (Qin et al., J Am Soc Nephrol JASN 23:1309-1318, 2012; Park et al., Am J Nephrol 32:169-178, 2010; Bhunia et al., Cell 109:157-168, 2002). Indeed, inflammatory cells are responsible for producing several of the pro-fibrotic growth factors observed in PKD patients with fibrosis (Nakamura et al., Am J Nephrol 20:32-36, 2000; Wilson et al., J Cell Physiol 150:360-369, 1992; Song et al., Hum Mol Genet 18:2328-2343, 2009; Schieren et al., Nephrol Dial Transplant 21:1816-1824, 2006). These growth factors trigger epithelial cell proliferation and myofibroblast activation that stimulate the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) genes including collagen types 1 and 3 and fibronectin, leading to reduced glomerular function with approximately 50% of ADPKD patients progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Therefore, treatments designed to reduce inflammation and slow the rate of fibrosis are becoming important targets that hold promise to improve patient life span and quality of life. In fact, recent studies in several PKD mouse models indicate that depletion of macrophages reduces cyst severity. In this chapter, we review the potential mechanisms of interstitial inflammation in PKD with a focus on ADPKD and discuss the role of interstitial inflammation in progression to fibrosis and ESRD.

Microbial Forensics for Natural and Intentional Incidents of Infectious Disease Involving Animals

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-01-01

Microbiologie medico-legale. ~ Microbiologia foren~e para ca£J~s de erderm®rdJ©lrdJ®$ DlTil~®©©D@$©l$ d® origen natural o intenciorm~d(il qa.u~ tEl~~ct...ll1 iBl ©lll1Dm©l~®$ S.A. McEwen, T.M Wilson, D.A. Ashford, E. D. Heegaard, T. Kuiken & B. Kournikakis Resumen La microbiologia forense es una... microbiologia y epidemiologia tradicionales, pero opera dentro de un marco juridico especifico. Entre las importantes razones que motivan una

Seven years of radionuclide laboratory at IMC - important achievements.

PubMed

Hrubý, M; Kučka, J; Pánek, J; Štěpánek, P

2016-10-20

For many important research topics in polymer science the use of radionuclides brings significant benefits concerning nanotechnology, polymer drug delivery systems, tissue engineering etc. This contribution describes important achievements of the radionuclide laboratory at Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (IMC) in the area of polymers for biomedical applications. Particular emphasis will be given to water-soluble polymer carriers of radionuclides, thermoresponsive polymer radionuclide carriers, thermoresponsive polymers for local brachytherapy, polymer scaffolds modified with (radiolabeled) peptides and polymer copper chelators for the therapy of Wilson´s disease.

The Market Place: An Internal View of the Future of CD-ROM--The Perspective of the H. W. Wilson Company.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Frank W.; Loeding, Deborah Voigt

1989-01-01

Discussion of technological developments in library reference services focuses on contributions of the H. W. Wilson Company and highlights CD-ROM technology. Topics discussed include online access; menu-driven systems; CD-ROM hardware and software concerns; user response to CD-ROM; quality control of databases; pricing considerations; and future…

Diagrammatic exponentiation for products of Wilson lines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mitov, Alexander; Sterman, George; Sung, Ilmo

2010-11-01

We provide a recursive diagrammatic prescription for the exponentiation of gauge theory amplitudes involving products of Wilson lines and loops. This construction generalizes the concept of webs, originally developed for eikonal form factors and cross sections with two eikonal lines, to general soft functions in QCD and related gauge theories. Our coordinate space arguments apply to arbitrary paths for the lines.

Arthropods of native and exotic vegetation and their association with willow flycatchers and Wilson's warblers

Treesearch

Linda S. DeLay; Deborah M. Finch; Sandra Brantley; Richard Fagerlund; Michael D. Means; Jeffrey F. Kelly

1999-01-01

We compared abundance of migrating Willow Flycatchers and Wilson's Warblers to the abundance of arthropods in exotic and native vegetation at Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge. We trapped arthropods using glue-boards in 1996 and 1997 in the same cottonwood, saltcedar, and willow habitats where we mist-netted birds during spring and fall migration. There...

A College that Reinvented Itself: The Wilson College Story

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Armacost, Mary-Linda Merriam

2011-01-01

This article presents the story of Wilson College, the only college in the United States where a group of alumnae took the trustees to court over the issue of the announced closing and won the case. The court reversed the trustees' decision on the grounds that the college had failed to seek approval from the court before announcing the change in…

The Nation's Memory: The United States National Archives and Records Administration. An Interview with Don W. Wilson, Archivist of the United States, National Archives and Records Administration.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brodhead, Michael J.; Zink, Steven D.

1993-01-01

Discusses the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) through an interview with the Archivist of the United States, Don Wilson. Topics addressed include archival independence and congressional relations; national information policy; expansion plans; machine-readable archival records; preservation activities; and relations with other…

Why Clinical Experience and Mentoring Are Replacing Student Teaching on the Best Campuses. A White Paper

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fraser, James W.; Watson, Audra M.

2014-01-01

Woodrow Wilson Senior Fellow James W. Fraser and Audra Watson, the Foundation's Director of Mentoring and Induction Strategy, take a look at emerging trends in clinical preparation for new teachers. This new white paper is based on experience with the Woodrow Wilson Teaching Fellowships, and includes observations from some of the colleges and…

Values in Higher Education. The Wilson Lecture Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, O. Meredith

The text of a lecture in the University of Arizona Wilson Lecture Series on values in higher education is presented, with responses by Richard H. Gallagher, Jeanne McRae McCarthy, and Raymond H. Thompson. The theme of the talk is that man is by evolution and by necessity a thinking animal, who now finds himself in a technologically dependent…

Biodiversity, functional processes, and the ecological consequences of fragmentation in Southwestern grasslands

Treesearch

Michele Merola-Zwartjes

2004-01-01

Concern over accelerating extinction rates and loss of species diversity on a global scale was the subject of E.O. Wilson's seminal volume Biodiversity (Wilson 1988). This work essentially transformed the term "biodiversity" into a household word as a short-hand for species diversity--or more simply, the full array and variety of living organisms on...

Art as Social Response and Responsibility: Reframing Critical Thinking in Art Education as a Basis for Altruistic Intent

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rolling, James Haywood, Jr.

2013-01-01

Altruism is recognized as "a cultural behavior, well beyond instinctive behavior, and even beyond adaptive social behaviors with respect to evolutionary processes" (Wilson, 1998, p. 29) Yet, if artmaking is a cultural behavior it is one that does not appear at first "to contribute to the survival of the species" (Wilson, 1998,…

The Mount Wilson optical interferometer: The first automated instrument and the prospects for lunar interferometry

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Johnston, Ken J.; Mozurkewich, D.; Simon, R. S.; Shao, Michael; Colavita, M.

1992-01-01

Before contemplating an optical interferometer on the Moon one must first review the accomplishments achieved by this technology in scientific applications for astronomy. This will be done by presenting the technical status of optical interferometry as achieved by the Mount Wilson Optical Interferometer. The further developments needed for a future lunar-based interferometer are discussed.

Half-BPS Wilson loop and AdS 2/CFT 1

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Giombi, Simone; Roiban, Radu; Tseytlin, Arkady A.

Here, we study correlation functions of local operator insertions on the 1/2-BPS Wilson line in N=4 super Yang–Mills theory. These correlation functions are constrained by the 1d superconformal symmetry pre-served by the 1/2-BPS Wilson line and define a defect CFT 1 living on the line. At strong coupling, a set of elementary operator insertions with protected scaling dimensions correspond to fluctuations of the dual fundamental string in AdS 5×S 5 ending on the line at the boundary and can be thought of as light fields propagating on the AdS 2 worldsheet. We use AdS/CFT techniques to compute the tree-level AdSmore » 2 Witten diagrams describing the strong coupling limit of the four-point functions of the dual operator insertions. Using the OPE, we also extract the leading strong coupling corrections to the anomalous dimensions of the “two-particle” operators built out of elementary excitations. In the case of the circular Wilson loop, we match our results for the 4-point functions of a special type of scalar insertions to the prediction of localization to 2d Yang–Mills theory.« less

VLA observations of the OH emission from Comet Wilson (1986) - The value of high resolution in both spatial and velocity coordinates

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Palmer, Patrick; De Pater, Imke; Snyder, Lewis E.

1989-01-01

In comparison with Comet Halley, the radio OH emission from Comet Wilson behaved very erratically, changing rapidly in position as well as in velocity, while the emission and brightness distribution from Comet Halley displayed apparent stability. A few months later, nearer perihelion, just the opposite behavior was observed at UV wavelengths. Another difference between the two comets is that the OH emission from Comet Halley seemed confined to a region a few times 100.000 km in size, while the emission from Comet Wilson showed up in sporadic blobs, with variable intensities and velocities, at distances as far as 10 to the 6th km from the nucleus. This behavior in Comet Wilson may be associated with the disintegration of the outer frosting associated with new comets and possibly with the fragmentation and ejection of cometesimals from the nucleus. As part of the data analysis, it is demonstrated that lengthening the integration time and lowering the velocity resolution affects the symmetry of the OH images and spectral-line profiles. As a consequence, asymmetric cometary OH line profiles may be more common than previously thought.

Streamflow and water-quality conditions, Wilsons Creek and James River, Springfield area, Missouri

USGS Publications Warehouse

Berkas, Wayne R.

1982-01-01

A network of water-quality-monitoring stations was established upstream and downstream from the Southwest Wastewater-Treatment Plant on Wilsons Creek to monitor the effects of sewage effluent on water quality. Data indicate that 82 percent of the time the flow in Wilsons Creek upstream from the wastewater-treatment plant is less than the effluent discharged from the plant. On October 15, 1977, an advanced wastewater-treatment facility was put into operation. Of the four water-quality indicators measured at the monitoring stations (specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, pH, and water temperature), only dissolved oxygen showed improvement downstream from the plant. During urban runoff, the specific conductance momentarily increased and dissolved-oxygen concentration momentarily decreased in Wilsons Creek upstream from the plant. Urban runoff was found to have no long-term effects on specific conductance and dissolved oxygen downstream from the plant before or after the addition of the advanced wastewater-treatment facility. Data collected monthly from the James River showed that the dissolved-oxygen concentrations and the total nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen concentrations increased, whereas the dissolved-manganese concentrations decreased after the advanced wastewater-treatment facility became operational.

Half-BPS Wilson loop and AdS 2/CFT 1

DOE PAGES

Giombi, Simone; Roiban, Radu; Tseytlin, Arkady A.

2017-09-01

Here, we study correlation functions of local operator insertions on the 1/2-BPS Wilson line in N=4 super Yang–Mills theory. These correlation functions are constrained by the 1d superconformal symmetry pre-served by the 1/2-BPS Wilson line and define a defect CFT 1 living on the line. At strong coupling, a set of elementary operator insertions with protected scaling dimensions correspond to fluctuations of the dual fundamental string in AdS 5×S 5 ending on the line at the boundary and can be thought of as light fields propagating on the AdS 2 worldsheet. We use AdS/CFT techniques to compute the tree-level AdSmore » 2 Witten diagrams describing the strong coupling limit of the four-point functions of the dual operator insertions. Using the OPE, we also extract the leading strong coupling corrections to the anomalous dimensions of the “two-particle” operators built out of elementary excitations. In the case of the circular Wilson loop, we match our results for the 4-point functions of a special type of scalar insertions to the prediction of localization to 2d Yang–Mills theory.« less

The Hospital for the Ruptured and Crippled Eugene H. Pool, fourth Surgeon-in-Chief 1933-1935 followed by Philip D. Wilson, fifth Surgeon-in-Chief 1935.

PubMed

Levine, David B

2008-09-01

In 1933, for the second time in the history of the Hospital for the Ruptured and Crippled (R & C), a general surgeon, Eugene Hillhouse Pool, MD, was appointed Surgeon-in-Chief by the Board of Managers of the New York Society for the Relief of the Ruptured and Crippled. R & C (whose name was changed to the Hospital for Special Surgery in 1940), then the oldest orthopaedic hospital in the country, was losing ground as the leading orthopaedic center in the nation. The R & C Board charged Dr. Pool with the task of recruiting the nation's best orthopaedic surgeon to become the next Surgeon-in-Chief. Phillip D. Wilson, MD, from the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston and the Harvard Medical School was selected and agreed to accept this challenge. He joined the staff of the Hospital for the Ruptured and Crippled in the spring of 1934 as Director of Surgery and replaced Dr. Pool as Surgeon-in-Chief the next year. It was the time of the Great Depression, which added a heavy financial toll to the daily operations of the hospital. With a clear and courageous vision, Dr. Wilson reorganized the hospital, its staff responsibilities, professional education and care of patients. He established orthopaedic fellowships to support young orthopaedic surgeons interested in conducting research and assisted them with the initiation of their new practices. Recognizing that the treatment of crippling conditions and hernia were becoming separate specialties, one of his first decisions was to restructure the Hernia Department to become the General Surgery Department. His World War I experiences in Europe helped develop his expertise in the fields of fractures, war trauma and amputations, providing a broad foundation in musculoskeletal diseases that was to be beneficial to him in his future role as the leader of R & C.

The Hospital for the Ruptured and Crippled Eugene H. Pool, Fourth Surgeon-in-Chief 1933–1935 Followed by Philip D. Wilson, Fifth Surgeon-in-Chief 1935

PubMed Central

2008-01-01

In 1933, for the second time in the history of the Hospital for the Ruptured and Crippled (R & C), a general surgeon, Eugene Hillhouse Pool, MD, was appointed Surgeon-in-Chief by the Board of Managers of the New York Society for the Relief of the Ruptured and Crippled. R & C (whose name was changed to the Hospital for Special Surgery in 1940), then the oldest orthopaedic hospital in the country, was losing ground as the leading orthopaedic center in the nation. The R & C Board charged Dr. Pool with the task of recruiting the nation’s best orthopaedic surgeon to become the next Surgeon-in-Chief. Phillip D. Wilson, MD, from the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston and the Harvard Medical School was selected and agreed to accept this challenge. He joined the staff of the Hospital for the Ruptured and Crippled in the spring of 1934 as Director of Surgery and replaced Dr. Pool as Surgeon-in-Chief the next year. It was the time of the Great Depression, which added a heavy financial toll to the daily operations of the hospital. With a clear and courageous vision, Dr. Wilson reorganized the hospital, its staff responsibilities, professional education and care of patients. He established orthopaedic fellowships to support young orthopaedic surgeons interested in conducting research and assisted them with the initiation of their new practices. Recognizing that the treatment of crippling conditions and hernia were becoming separate specialties, one of his first decisions was to restructure the Hernia Department to become the General Surgery Department. His World War I experiences in Europe helped develop his expertise in the fields of fractures, war trauma and amputations, providing a broad foundation in musculoskeletal diseases that was to be beneficial to him in his future role as the leader of R & C. PMID:18815851

Technical report series: North Alabama water quality assessment: Volume 4, Bacteriological quality

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Meinert, D.L.

1986-07-01

This report evaluates bacteriological water quality in the Shoals area of North Alabama by collection of samples at water contact recreation areas on Pickwick and Wilson Reservoirs. Samples collected in the summer of 1985 in the Muscle Shoals region at 15 public use and public access areas on Pickwick and Wilson Reservoirs indicate good quality. All 15 of the recreation areas sampled had geometric mean concentrations well below the criterion for water contact recreation (200 fecal coliform bacteria per 100 m1 of sample). Further, FC/FS were quite low and did not indicate any sources of human waste to these areas.more » The fecal streptococcus data were the first to be collected are recreation areas on Pickwick and Wilson Reservoirs.« less

New records of sea lice (Copepoda: Caligidae) from marine fishes in Jaramijó, an area with potential for sea-cage aquaculture in Ecuador.

PubMed

Morales-Serna, Francisco Neptali; Caña-Bozada, Víctor; Mera-Loor, Geormery; Loor-Andrade, Peggy; Fajer-Ávila, Emma J; Ho, Ju-Shey

2015-02-20

Farming of finfish in sea cages is gaining popularity worldwide. These systems are a suitable environment for the emergence, establishment and transmission of parasites or pathogens, such as sea lice (Copepoda: Caligidae), known to cause serious diseases and economic losses in finfish aquaculture worldwide. In coastal waters of Jaramijó, Ecuador, there are plans to culture spotted rose snapper (Lutjanus guttatus) and longfin yellowtail (Seriola rivoliana); however, the information about the occurrence of sea lice on fish from this country is scarce. To address this problem, a parasitological survey of economically important fish caught by artisanal fishermen was conducted between June 2013 and May 2014. A total of 608 fish belonging to 66 species were examined. Sea lice were found on 23 fish species. The diversity of these parasites consisted of 22 species of Caligus and 5 species of Lepeophtheirus. Most sea lice species (66%) occurred in a single fish species only, with low infection levels. The most frequently encountered species were Caligus asperimanus Pearse, 1951, Caligus mutabilis Wilson, 1905 and Caligus rufimaculatus Wilson, 1905. Taxonomic remarks are presented for some of the species recorded during this survey. All but two sea lice records are new to Ecuador, considerably expanding the geographical range of some species.

Wilson disease: changes in methionine metabolism and inflammation affect global DNA methylation in early liver disease

PubMed Central

Medici, Valentina; Shibata, Noreene M.; Kharbanda, Kusum K.; LaSalle, Janine M.; Woods, Rima; Liu, Sarah; Engelberg, Jesse A.; Devaraj, Sridevi; Török, Natalie J.; Jiang, Joy X.; Havel, Peter J.; Lönnerdal, Bo; Kim, Kyoungmi; Halsted, Charles H.

2012-01-01

Hepatic methionine metabolism may play an essential role in regulating methylation status and liver injury in Wilson disease (WD) through the inhibition of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) by copper (Cu) and the consequent accumulation of S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). We studied the transcript levels of selected genes related to liver injury, levels of SAHH, SAH, DNA methyltransferases genes (Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b) and global DNA methylation in the tx-j mouse (tx-j), an animal model of WD. Findings were compared to those in control C3H mice, and in response to Cu chelation by penicillamine (PCA) and dietary supplementation of the methyl donor betaine to modulate inflammatory and methylation status. Transcript levels of selected genes related to endoplasmic reticulum stress, lipid synthesis, and fatty acid oxidation were down-regulated at baseline in tx-j mice, further down-regulated in response to PCA, and showed little to no response to betaine. Hepatic Sahh transcript and protein levels were reduced in tx-j mice with consequent increase of SAH levels. Hepatic Cu accumulation was associated with inflammation, as indicated by histopathology and elevated serum ALT and liver tumor necrosis factor alpha (Tnf-α) levels. Dnmt3b was down-regulated in tx-j mice together with global DNA hypomethylation. PCA treatment of tx-j mice reduced Tnf-α and ALT levels, betaine treatment increased S-adenosylmethionine and up-regulated Dnmt3b levels, and both treatments restored global DNA methylation levels. Conclusion: reduced hepatic Sahh expression was associated with increased liver SAH levels in the tx-j model of WD, with consequent global DNA hypomethylation. Increased global DNA methylation was achieved by reducing inflammation by Cu chelation or by providing methyl groups. We propose that increased SAH levels and inflammation affect widespread epigenetic regulation of gene expression in WD. PMID:22945834

Health-Related Quality of Life Among Chinese Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Predictive Roles of Fatigue, Functional Disability, Self-Efficacy, and Social Support.

PubMed

Gong, Guilan; Mao, Jing

2016-01-01

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important outcome measure in chronic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, there is a paucity of literature from mainland China on HRQoL and factors that influence it in people with RA. The aim of this study was to assess HRQoL and to determine which factors, based on the Wilson and Cleary model, contribute to the prediction of HRQoL among persons with RA in mainland China. A cross-sectional design was used. Persons with RA (N = 207) were recruited from the outpatient clinics of a university-affiliated hospital in central China. Participants responded to a demographic data questionnaire, the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index, the eight-item Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the effects of factors from the Wilson and Cleary model on HRQoL. Scores on all SF-36 subscales were significantly lower in patients with RA compared with a general Chinese sample. Lower self-efficacy, greater fatigue, greater functional disability, lower social support, being unemployed, higher disease activity, more comorbidities, lower income level, being female, living in rural settings, and being older were directly or indirectly significantly and negatively associated with HRQoL; 67% of the total variance of HRQoL scores was explained. Patients with RA in mainland China experience impaired physical and mental health. Targeted and culturally sensitive interventions should be strengthened to improve the HRQoL of this population. Essentials in improving the HRQoL are enhancing self-efficacy, relieving fatigue, delaying the onset of disabilities, increasing social support, and controlling disease activity.

MAX-DOAS measurements of aerosol, HCHO, and NO2 over Los Angeles from an elevated mountaintop site

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cheung, Ross

MAX-DOAS measurements of aerosol, HCHO, and NO2 over Los Angeles from an elevated mountaintop site. By. Ross Cheung. Doctor of Philosophy in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences. University of California, Los Angeles, 2016. Professor Jochen Stutz, Chair. Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) has become a popular technique for measuring atmospheric trace gases using UV/Vis narrow-band absorption features along a light path through the atmosphere. The UCLA Multi-Axis DOAS instrument (MAX-DOAS) is a ground-based spectrometer currently located at Mt. Wilson, California (1700 meters above sea level) that measures solar scattered light at various viewing elevation angles. Since May of 2010, it has been taking regular measurements of atmospheric pollutants in the boundary layer of the atmosphere in and above the Los Angeles Basin. This thesis presents the experimental setup and spectral retrievals, as well as results of our observations of measurements of NO2 and HCHO from Mt. Wilson. Radiative transfer modeling efforts of the deployment at Mt. Wilson will be presented, as well as our efforts to model and account for the effects of clouds and aerosols on MAX-DOAS measurements. Because of the unique challenges presented by aerosols in the ultraviolet and visible light region in a polluted urban boundary layer, new techniques were developed to account for and quantify these effects. Observations of path-integrated NO2 and HCHO, some of the primary precursors to ozone formation in the lower troposphere, as well as aerosol extinctions using the UCLA MAX-DOAS will be presented, and the advantages of a mountaintop measurement strategy will be discussed in light of the amount of vertical information that can be retrieved from this approach. The techniques developed to improve the optimal estimation of vertical aerosol extinction profiles and trace gas concentration profiles will be discussed. Finally, an application of these observations uses the ratio of HCHO/NO2 to study the dependency of ozone formation on nitrogen oxides and VOCs will be presented.

Comparison of Geochemical, Grain-Size, and Magnetic Proxies for Rock Flour and Ice- Rafted Debris in the Late Pleistocene Mono Basin, CA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zimmerman, S. H.; Hemming, S. R.; Kent, D. V.

2008-12-01

Advance and retreat of mountain glaciers are important indicators of climate variability, but the most direct proxy record, mapping and dating of moraines, is by nature discontinous. The Sierra Nevada form the western boundary of the Mono Lake basin, and the proximity of the large Pleistocene lake to the glacial canyons of the Sierra presents a rare opportunity to examine glacial variability in a continuous, well-dated lacustrine sequence. We have applied a geochemical proxy for rock flour to the glacial silts of the late Pleistocene Wilson Creek Formation, but because it is time- and sample-intensive, another method is required for a high-resolution record. Previous microscopic examination, thermomagnetic measurements, XRD analysis, and new isothermal remnant magnetization (IRM) acquisition curves show that the magnetic mineralogy is dominated by fine-grained, unaltered magnetite. Bulk measurements show strong susceptibility (mean ~ 16 x 10- 6 m3/kg) and remanent magnetization (mean IRM ~ 10-2 Am2/kg) compared to diluting components (carbonate, smectite, rhyolitic ash). The Wilson Creek type section sediments also contain a coarse lithic fraction, quantified by counting the >2cm clasts in outcrop and the >425 μm fraction in the bulk sediment. Susceptibility, IRM, and ARM (anhysteretic remnant magnetization) are quite similar throughout the type section, with the abundance of coarse lithic fraction correlative to the ratio k/IRM. Because the magnetic fraction of the rock flour is fine-grained magnetite, IRM should capture the changes in concentration of flour through time, and the major features of the (low-resolution) geochemical flour proxy record are identifiable in the IRM record. Flux-correction of the IRM results in a rock flour proxy record with major peaks between 36 and 48 ka, similar to a rock flour record from neighboring Owens Lake. This regional glacial signal contrasts with peaks in coarse lithics between 58 and 68 ka in the Wilson Creek record; coupled with coeval high lake levels and a lack of geomorphic evidence of glacier-lake interaction, this is taken to indicate that the rafting was due to shore ice, rather than glacial icebergs.

Ohio Army National Guard Mental Health Initiative: Risk and Resilience Factors for Combat-Related Posttraumatic Psychopathology and Post Combat Adjustment

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-10-01

Goldmann, M.P.H., Edwin Shirley, Ph.D., Thomas Fine, M.A., Toyomi Goto, M.A., Kimberly Wilson, MSW, Stephen Ganocy, Ph.D., Philip Chan, M.S., Alphonse ...Kimberly Wilson, MSW, Stephen Ganocy, Ph.D., Philip Chan, M.S., Alphonse Derus, B.S., Mary Beth Serrano, M.A., Sandro Galea, M.D. Literature

Changes in the Quality of Paper in French Books, 1860-1914: A Study of Selected Holdings of the Wilson Library, University of North Carolina.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rutledge, John; Owen, Willy

1983-01-01

This survey of paper quality of French-language holdings in history and literature (1860-1914) at Wilson Library reveals that a serious decline in paper quality in French books began around 1885 and continued through the rest of the period. Data on specific publishers and 14 references are included. (EJS)

PEOPLE IN PHYSICS: Interview with Catherine Wilson

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Membrey, Conducted by Jill

1996-09-01

The work of the Institute of Physics in the field of education is divided between two departments - Higher Education and Education (Schools and Colleges). Catherine Wilson is the manager of the latter. The department aims to support the teaching of physics in schools and colleges through a range of events, activities, publications and other assorted services. It is also involved in policy and curriculum development.

Perturbative matching of continuum and lattice quasi-distributions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ishikawa, Tomomi

2018-03-01

Matching of the quasi parton distribution functions between continuum and lattice is addressed using lattice perturbation theory specifically withWilson-type fermions. The matching is done for nonlocal quark bilinear operators with a straightWilson line in a spatial direction. We also investigate operator mixing in the renormalization and possible O(a) operators for the nonlocal operators based on a symmetry argument on lattice.

76 FR 30963 - Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Wilson Creek Wind...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-27

... consist of 336 to 373 wind turbines to be located along the ridgeline of the Wilson Creek Range approximately 20 miles northeast of the town of Pioche, Nevada. In addition to the wind turbines, other project... Table Mountain sites composing Phase I. Phase I would consist of up to 195 wind turbines, producing 500...

Archetypal Dreams: the Quantum Theater of Robert Wilson

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dietrich, Dawn Yvette

1992-01-01

My topic is situated within the larger framework of interdisciplinary study currently exploring the impact of new physics on various "soft" disciplines and sciences. Aligning myself with thinkers like Fritjof Capra and N. Katherine Hayles, who argue that quantum mechanics has brought about a new paradigm for the conceptualization of the physical world and our relation to it, I demonstrate that there is a connection, a kind of cultural translation, which relates contemporary physics to some avant-garde theater. Specifically, I center my research on American theater designer, Robert Wilson, who, recognized for his manipulation of the formal elements of stagecraft, owes much to the reconstruction of principles governing space and time. Taken further, I maintain that it is through the paradigm established from relativity theory and quantum mechanics that Wilson experiments with the elementary "forces" of the theater itself. This "restructuring" occurs through the dramatist's conceptions of space and time and the relation of those properties to both performers and spectators. Unlike most conventional theater, but as in many contemporary visual arts, time is manipulated through spatial metaphors and events take place in an amplified space--effecting a kind of dramatic space/time. Through manipulation of scale, the exploration of discontinuous time, and segregated stage zones, Wilson demonstrates that theater time is fluid and that it is not necessary for dramatic action to take place within the unified stage space delineated by the proscenium itself. Unlike conventional theater, where the stage is constructed with one perspective in mind, Wilson's theatrical mise-en-scene--a kind of new "perceptual field"--requires "imaginative watching"; that is, more perceptual discrimination from the audience who must sort and organize the visual material, highlighting the essential while reconfiguring the incidental. And this is where the myth is born, where archetypal dreams stir the psyche through the symbolic forms of the stage. Robert Wilson confronts audiences with moonlit forests, rising pyramids, angels, monsters and shooting stars--mythic apparitions which connect to our deepest sense of time, while lodging this "quantum" theater within the postmodernist paradigm which has transformed the way in which we perceive ourselves in relation to the world.

High-resolution mid-infrared observations of NGC 7469

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Miles, J. W.; Houck, J. R.; Hayward, T. L.

1994-01-01

We present a high-resolution 11.7 micrometer image of the starburst/Seyfert hybrid galaxy NGC 7469 using the Hale 5 m telescope at Palomar Observatory. Our map, with diffraction limited spatial resolution of 0.6 sec, shows a 3 sec diameter ring of emission around an unresolved nucleus. The map is similar to the Very Large Array (VLA) 6 cm map of this galaxy made with 0.4 sec resolution by Wilson et al. (1991). About half of the mid-infrared flux in our map emerges from the unresolved nucleus. We also present spatially resolved low resolution spectra that show that the 11.3 micrometer polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) feature comes from the circumnuclear ring but not from the nucleus of the galaxy.

Cleanup/stimulation of a horizontal wellbore using propellants

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rougeot, J.E.; Lauterbach, K.A.

1993-01-01

This report documents the stimulation/cleanup of a horizontal well bore (Wilson 25) using propellants. The Wilson 25 is a Bartlesville Sand well located in the Flatrock Field, Osage County, Oklahoma. The Wilson 25 was drilled to determine if horizontal drilling could be used as a means to economically recover primary oil that had been left in place in a mostly abandoned oil field because of the adverse effects of water coning. Pump testing of the Wilson 25 horizontal well bore before cleanup or stimulation produced 6 barrels of oil and .84 barrels of water per day. The high percentage ofmore » daily oil production to total daily fluid production indicated that the horizontal well bore had accessed potentially economical oil reserves if the fluid production rate could be increased by performing a cleanup/stimulation treatment. Propellants were selected as an inexpensive means to stimulate and cleanup the near well bore area in a uniform manner. The ignition of a propellant creates a large volume of gas which penetrates the formation, creating numerous short cracks through which hydrocarbons can travel into the well bore. More conventional stimulation/cleanup techniques were either significantly more expensive, less likely to treat uniformly, or could not be confined to the near well bore area. Three different propellant torpedo designs were tested with a total of 304' of horizontal well bore being shot and producible. The initial test shot caused 400' of the horizontal well bore to become plugged off, and subsequently it could not be production tested. The second and third test shots were production tested, with the oil production being increased 458% and 349%, respectively, on a per foot basis. The Wilson 25 results indicate that a propellant shot treatment is an economically viable means to cleanup/stimulate a horizontal well bore.« less

The role of mathematical models in understanding pattern formation in developmental biology.

PubMed

Umulis, David M; Othmer, Hans G

2015-05-01

In a Wall Street Journal article published on April 5, 2013, E. O. Wilson attempted to make the case that biologists do not really need to learn any mathematics-whenever they run into difficulty with numerical issues, they can find a technician (aka mathematician) to help them out of their difficulty. He formalizes this in Wilsons Principle No. 1: "It is far easier for scientists to acquire needed collaboration from mathematicians and statisticians than it is for mathematicians and statisticians to find scientists able to make use of their equations." This reflects a complete misunderstanding of the role of mathematics in all sciences throughout history. To Wilson, mathematics is mere number crunching, but as Galileo said long ago, "The laws of Nature are written in the language of mathematics[Formula: see text] the symbols are triangles, circles and other geometrical figures, without whose help it is impossible to comprehend a single word." Mathematics has moved beyond the geometry-based model of Galileo's time, and in a rebuttal to Wilson, E. Frenkel has pointed out the role of mathematics in synthesizing the general principles in science (Both point and counter-point are available in Wilson and Frenkel in Notices Am Math Soc 60(7):837-838, 2013). We will take this a step further and show how mathematics has been used to make new and experimentally verified discoveries in developmental biology and how mathematics is essential for understanding a problem that has puzzled experimentalists for decades-that of how organisms can scale in size. Mathematical analysis alone cannot "solve" these problems since the validation lies at the molecular level, but conversely, a growing number of questions in biology cannot be solved without mathematical analysis and modeling. Herein, we discuss a few examples of the productive intercourse between mathematics and biology.

Wilson polynomials/functions and intertwining operators for the generic quantum superintegrable system on the 2-sphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miller, W., Jr.; Li, Q.

2015-04-01

The Wilson and Racah polynomials can be characterized as basis functions for irreducible representations of the quadratic symmetry algebra of the quantum superintegrable system on the 2-sphere, HΨ = EΨ, with generic 3-parameter potential. Clearly, the polynomials are expansion coefficients for one eigenbasis of a symmetry operator L2 of H in terms of an eigenbasis of another symmetry operator L1, but the exact relationship appears not to have been made explicit. We work out the details of the expansion to show, explicitly, how the polynomials arise and how the principal properties of these functions: the measure, 3-term recurrence relation, 2nd order difference equation, duality of these relations, permutation symmetry, intertwining operators and an alternate derivation of Wilson functions - follow from the symmetry of this quantum system. This paper is an exercise to show that quantum mechancal concepts and recurrence relations for Gausian hypergeometrc functions alone suffice to explain these properties; we make no assumptions about the structure of Wilson polynomial/functions, but derive them from quantum principles. There is active interest in the relation between multivariable Wilson polynomials and the quantum superintegrable system on the n-sphere with generic potential, and these results should aid in the generalization. Contracting function space realizations of irreducible representations of this quadratic algebra to the other superintegrable systems one can obtain the full Askey scheme of orthogonal hypergeometric polynomials. All of these contractions of superintegrable systems with potential are uniquely induced by Wigner Lie algebra contractions of so(3, C) and e(2,C). All of the polynomials produced are interpretable as quantum expansion coefficients. It is important to extend this process to higher dimensions.

Magnetic Susceptibility Changes in the Basal Ganglia and Brain Stem of Patients with Wilson's Disease: Evaluation with Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping.

PubMed

Doganay, Selim; Gumus, Kazim; Koc, Gonca; Bayram, Ayse Kacar; Dogan, Mehmet Sait; Arslan, Duran; Gumus, Hakan; Gorkem, Sureyya Burcu; Ciraci, Saliha; Serin, Halil Ibrahim; Coskun, Abdulhakim

2018-01-10

Wilson's disease (WD) is characterized with the accumulation of copper in the liver and brain. The objective of this study is to quantitatively measure the susceptibility changes of basal ganglia and brain stem of pediatric patients with neurological WD using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) in comparison to healthy controls. Eleven patients with neurological WD (mean age 15 ± 3.3 years, range 10-22 years) and 14 agematched controls were prospectively recruited. Both groups were scanned on a 1.5 Tesla clinical scanner. In addition to T 1 - and T 2 -weighted MR images, a 3D multi-echo spoiled gradient echo (GRE) sequence was acquired and QSM images were derived offline. The quantitative measurement of susceptibility of corpus striatum, thalamus of each hemisphere, midbrain, and pons were assessed with the region of interest analysis on the QSM images. The susceptibility values for the patient and control groups were compared using twosample t-test. One patient with WD had T 1 shortening in the bilateral globus pallidus. Another one had hyperintensity in the bilateral putamen, caudate nuclei, and substantia nigra on T 2 -weighted images. The rest of the patients with WD and all subjects of the control group had no signal abnormalities on conventional MR images. The susceptibility measures of right side of globus pallidus, putamen, thalamus, midbrain, and entire pons were significantly different in patients compared to controls (P < 0.05). QSM method exhibits increased susceptibility differences of basal ganglia and brain stem in patients with WD that have neurologic impairment even if no signal alteration is detected on T 1 - and T 2 -weighted MR images.

Development of cytochrome P450 2D6-specific LKM-autoantibodies following liver transplantation for Wilson's disease -- possible association with a steroid-resistant transplant rejection episode.

PubMed

Lohse, A W; Obermayer-Straub, P; Gerken, G; Brunner, S; Altes, U; Dienes, H P; Manns, M P; Meyer zum Büschenfelde, K H

1999-07-01

Antibodies to cytochrome P450 2D6, also known as LKM1-autoantibodies, are characteristic for a subgroup of patients with autoimmune hepatitis, but can also occasionally be found in hepatitis C. We observed the occurrence of LKM1-autoantibodies 4 months after liver transplantation for Wilson's disease, in close association with a steroid-resistant rejection episode, in the absence of evidence for autoimmune hepatitis or hepatitis C. Sera from several time points prior to and following transplantation were tested for LKM-reactivity by immunofluorescence, ELISA and Western blotting. Antigen specificity was confirmed by Western blotting analysis on different cytochrome P450 isoenzymes. The absence of viral hepatitis C and hepatitis G virus infection was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. The serum of the organ donor was also tested. All the sera prior to transplantation and up to 4 months after transplantation were LKM-negative by all assay systems used. In the course of a steroid-resistant rejection episode at this time, the patient developed LKM antibodies at high titre (70% in inhibition ELISA) and has remained positive since (now more than 4 years). Reactivity was exclusively to the cytochrome isoenzyme 2D6. Hepatitis C infection never occurred, but hepatitis G was transiently present many years prior to transplantation. The donor serum was negative for all autoantibodies and for hepatitis C and G virus infection. We here describe a patient developing LKM1-autoantibodies without evidence of autoimmune or viral hepatitis. The close temporal association with a transplant rejection episode suggests immunological mechanisms of rejection together with hepatocellular injury as a pathogenetic mechanism.

Diagnosis of Wilson disease in young children: molecular genetic testing and a paradigm shift from the laboratory diagnosis.

PubMed

Seo, Jeong Kee

2012-12-01

Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism that results in accumulation of copper primarily in the liver, brain and cornea. Mutations in the WD gene, ATP7B, cause failure of copper excretion from hepatocyte into bile and a defective synthesis of ceruloplasmin. More than 500 mutations are now recognized, scattered throughout the ATP7B gene. Since WD has protean clinical presentations, awareness of WD in clinical practice is important for the early diagnosis and prevention of accumulated copper toxicity. Molecular genetic testing is playing an increasingly important role in the diagnosis of WD in uncertain cases and family screening. Siblings should be screened for WD once an index case has been diagnosed. Discrimination of heterozygotes from asymptomatic patients is essential to avoid inappropriate lifelong therapy for heterozygotes. Genetic testing, either by haplotype analysis or by mutation analysis, is the only definite solution for differentiating heterozygote carriers from affected asymptomatic patients. Routine genetic testing, because of the multitude of documented mutations, has been thought to be impractical until recently. However, genetic testing is now being more actively applied to the diagnosis of WD, particularly in young children in whom conventional biochemical diagnosis has much limitation and only genetic testing is able to confirm WD. Because advancement of modern biochemical technology now allows more rapid, easier, and less expensive mutation detection, direct DNA sequencing could be actively considered as the primary mode of diagnostic investigation rather than a supplementary test to the conventional biochemical tests. This review will focus on the recent advancement of molecular genetics and genetic diagnosis of WD in very young children on the basis of research data of the Seoul National University Children's Hospital and recent literature.

[Clinical and genetic study of Wilson's disease in affected twins and siblings].

PubMed

Cheng, Nan; Wang, Xun; Yu, Xuen; Zhou, Zhihua; Gao, Mingwei; Rao, Rao; Hu, Jiyuan; Yang, Renmin; Han, Yongzhu

2013-06-01

To study the clinical and genetic characteristics of twins and siblings affected with Wilson's disease (WD). Clinical data and blood samples were collected from the subjects after informed consent was obtained. Genomic DNA was extracted and potential mutations in the exons in ATP7B gene were detected with PCR-DNA sequencing. Short tandem repeat (STR) genotyping was performed to determine the zygosity of the twins. The 5 pairs of twins have all met the diagnostic criteria for WD. STR genotyping has confirmed that 4 pairs were monozygotic twins. 3 pairs of twins had an onset with liver symptoms, the other 2 had an onset with brain symptoms. ATP7B gene mutations were detected in 4 pairs of twins, which have all located in exons 8 and 13. A heterozygous p.R778W mutation in exon 8 and homozygous p.P992L mutation in exon 13 were detected in all patients from one family, whose parents have carried a heterozygous p.R778W mutation and p.P992L heterozygous mutation, respectively, which suggested loss of heterozygosity (LOH). In one family, no mutation was detected in all exons of the ATP7B gene in the patients and their parents. For a triplet, one female was with definite WD and brain symptoms at the onset, one male had subclinical type with WD, whilst another female was completely normal. The triplets and their mother have all carried a p.P992L heterozygous mutation . Above results have confirmed an important role for genetic factors in the pathogenesis of WD. In addition to point mutations, LOH is also involved in the pathogenesis for WD.

Lenticular nucleus hyperechogenicity in Wilson's disease reflects local copper, but not iron accumulation.

PubMed

Walter, Uwe; Skowrońska, Marta; Litwin, Tomasz; Szpak, Grażyna Maria; Jabłonka-Salach, Katarzyna; Skoloudík, David; Bulska, Ewa; Członkowska, Anna

2014-10-01

In patients with Wilson's disease (WD) transcranial brain sonography typically reveals areas of increased echogenicity (hyperechogenicity) of the lenticular nucleus (LN). Correlation with T2-hypointensity on magnetic resonance images suggested that LN hyperechogenicity in WD is caused by trace metal accumulation. Accumulation of both, copper and iron, in the brain of WD patients has been reported. The present study was designed to elucidate whether LN hyperechogenicity in WD reflects accumulation of copper or iron. Post-mortem brains of 15 WD patients and one non-WD subject were studied with ultrasonography in an investigator-blinded fashion. LN hyperechogenicity was measured planimetrically by manual tracing as well as using digitized image analysis. The putaminal copper content was determined in samples of 11 WD brains and the non-WD brains using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and iron content was assessed using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. LN was normal on ultrasonography only in the non-WD brain, but abnormal (hyperechogenic) in all WD brains. Digitized image analysis measures of LN hyperechogenicity and, by trend, manual measures correlated with putaminal copper content (Pearson test; digitized: r = 0.77, p = 0.04; manual: r = 0.57, p = 0.051) but not with iron content (each, p > 0.18). LN hyperechogenicity measures were unrelated to age at death of patients, age at onset of WD, WD duration, age of brain specimen, serum copper or serum ceruloplasmin (each, p > 0.1). We conclude that LN hyperechogenicity in WD reflects copper, but not iron accumulation. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the use of transcranial brain sonography for monitoring therapeutic effects of chelating agents in WD patients.

Spatial investigation of the elemental distribution in Wilson's disease liver after d-penicillamine treatment by LA-ICP-MS.

PubMed

Hachmöller, Oliver; Zibert, Andree; Zischka, Hans; Sperling, Michael; Groba, Sara Reinartz; Grünewald, Inga; Wardelmann, Eva; Schmidt, Hartmut H-J; Karst, Uwe

2017-12-01

At present, the copper chelator d-penicillamine (DPA) is the first-line therapy of Wilson's disease (WD), which is characterized by an excessive copper overload. Lifelong DPA treatments aim to reduce the amount of detrimental excess copper retention in the liver and other organs. Although DPA shows beneficial effect in many patients, it may cause severe adverse effects. Despite several years of copper chelation therapy, discontinuation of DPA therapy can be linked to a rapidly progressing liver failure, indicating a high residual liver copper load. In order to investigate the spatial distribution of remaining copper and additional elements, such as zinc and iron, in rat and human liver samples after DPA treatment, a high resolution (spotsize of 10μm) laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) imaging method was applied. Untreated LPP -/- rats, an established animal model for WD, appeared with a high overall copper concentration and a copper distribution of hotspots distributed over the liver tissue. In contrast, a low (>2-fold decreased) overall copper concentration was detected in liver of DPA treated animals. Importantly, however, copper distribution was highly inhomogeneous with lowest concentrations in direct proximity to blood vessels, as observed using novel zonal analysis. A human liver needle biopsy of a DPA treated WD patient substantiated the finding of an inhomogeneous copper deposition upon chelation therapy. In contrast, comparatively homogenous distributions of zinc and iron were observed. Our study indicates that a high resolution LA-ICP-MS analysis of liver samples is excellently suited to follow efficacy of chelator therapy in WD patients. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Liver failure with coagulopathy, hyperammonemia and cyclic vomiting in a toddler revealed to have combined heterozygosity for genes involved with ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency and Wilson disease.

PubMed

Mira, Valerie; Boles, Richard G

2012-01-01

A girl with a 2 month history of cyclic episodes of vomiting, diarrhea, and lethargy lasting 2-3 days each presented with acute hepatopathy (ALT 3,500 IU/L) with coagulopathy (PT 55 s) and hyperammonemia (207 μmol/L) at age 1½ years. Biochemical and molecular analyzes revealed ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency. While laboratory signs of mild hepatocellular dysfunction are common in OTC deficiency, substantial liver failure with coagulopathy is generally not seen, although four others cases have been reported, three of which presented with cyclic vomiting. Further evaluation in our case revealed elevated urine (198.8 μg/g creatinine) and liver (103 μg/g dry weight) copper content, and a heterozygous mutation in the Wilson disease gene, ATP7B. Our patient, now aged 5 years, has remained in excellent health with normal growth and development on fasting avoidance, a modified vegan diet, and sodium phenylbutyrate.These five cases demonstrate that generalized liver dysfunction/failure is a potential serious complication of OTC deficiency, although not a common one, and suggests that an ALT and PT should be obtained in OTC patients during episodes of hyperammonemia. Cyclic vomiting is a known presentation of OTC deficiency; it is not known if comorbid liver failure predisposes toward this phenotype. We propose that the heterozygote state in ATP7B increases the liver copper content, thus predisposing our patient with OTC deficiency to develop liver failure during a hyperammonemic episode. Our present case is an example of the opportunity of molecular diagnostics to identify putative modifier genes in patients with atypical presentations of genetic disorders.

Warrior Queens, Regal Trade Unionists and Warring Nurses: How My Interest in What I Don't Teach Has Informed My Teaching and Enriched My Students' Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, Flora

2012-01-01

Flora Wilson argues here for the importance of maintaining a fascination with history as an academic subject for experienced, practising history teachers. Just as medical professionals keep their knowledge up to date by reading the latest research, so too, Wilson argues, should history teachers remain engaged with current historical scholarship,…

Normative Data for the Words-in-Noise Test for 6- to 12-Year-Old Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, Richard H.; Farmer, Nicole M.; Gandhi, Avni; Shelburne, Emily; Weaver, Jamie

2010-01-01

Purpose: To establish normative data for children on the Words-in-Noise Test (WIN; R. H. Wilson, 2003; R. H. Wilson & R. McArdle, 2007). Method: Forty-two children in each of 7 age groups, ranging in age from 6 to 12 years (n = 294), and 24 young adults (age range: 18-27 years) with normal hearing for pure tones participated. All listeners…

Fermilab | Visit Fermilab | Hours, Maps and Directions

Science.gov Websites

, which also includes days that our main building and exhibits are closed. Hours Fermilab's site is open Education Center. The ground and first floor of Wilson Hall are open to the public every day from 8 a.m.-5 , are on Wilson Hall's 15th floor. It is open to the public Monday to Friday, 8 a.m.-4:30 p.m., and on

Biostratigraphic and lithologic correlations of two Sonoma County Water Agency pilot wells with the type Wilson Grove Formation, Sonoma County, central California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Powell, Charles L.; McLaughlin, Robert J.; Wan, Elmira

2006-01-01

Small mollusk faunas characteristic of the uppermost part of the Wilson Grove Formation at Wilson Grove and along River Road at Trenton (Pliocene) were encountered in Sonoma County Water Agency pilot wells at Occidental Road well field between 320-500 ft (98-152 m), depth, and in the Sebastopol Road pilot well field between 560-570 ft (171-174 m), depth. These mollusks support correlations between the two wells made on lithologic grounds. A benthic foraminifer was recovered from between 380-390 ft (116-119 m), depth, in the Sonoma County Water Agency Occidental Road pilot well. Though an isolated specimen, the presence of this well-preserved foraminifer supports the environmental interpretation of less than 100 m on the continental shelf indicated by the molluscan assemblages at this site. For this marine stratigraphic interval of the Wilson Grove Formation, we suggest a relatively narrow age range of 5.3 (Miocene-Pliocene boundary) to ~ 4.5 Ma based on the stratigraphic relations of correlative marine strata around the upland margin of Santa Rosa plain and correlative strata in the Santa Cruz area, although an age between 5.3 and ~ 2.8 Ma cannot be discounted.

Leaf Litter Decomposition as a Functional Assessment of a Natural Stream Channel Design Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gentry, A.; Word, D.; Carreiro, M.; Jack, J.

2005-05-01

In October 2003, a 965m reach of Wilson Creek (Bernheim Research Forest, Kentucky, USA) was relocated, and meanders and riffle-pool sequences were restored, providing a unique opportunity to measure the re-establishment of post-restoration stream functions. Leaf litter bags were placed across riffles in the restored reach, in an upstream reference site and in two reference streams. Bags were collected for nine months, and mass loss, N dynamics and fungal ergosterol were measured. Daily mass loss rates in the restored and reference riffles in Wilson Creek were faster (k= -0.00759 and k= -0.00855, respectively) than those of the two reference streams (k= -0.00511 and k= -0.00308). This is equivalent to litter mean residence times of 132 days for the restored reach in Wilson, 117 days in the upstream reference site, and 196 and 325 days for the reference streams. It appears that the decay rate in the restored reach is similar to the upstream portion of Wilson Creek, indicating rapid mass loss recovery in the restored reach. We also determined that same-stream reference sites are important for evaluating the restoration of stream functions, because of high decay rate variation among nearby streams within the same watershed.

[A functional explanation of normative prescriptive-evaluative judgments and the concept of "evolutionary ethics"].

PubMed

Dorschel, A

1992-01-01

Neodarwinian ethology, today above all represented by sociobiology, is conceived of by responsible exponents as a descriptive and explanatory theory that cannot include any normative declarations. Still other, indeed notable, authors belonging to the discipline in question, either underhand or frankly employ prescriptive or evaluative judgments, or they claim (what is not an insight of natural science) that it is impossible to provide a rational foundation for prescriptive or evaluative judgments. (Michael Ruse and Edward O. Wilson even assert the latter without relinquishing the former.) Several functional explanations of normative validity claims advanced by Michael Ruse, Edward O. Wilson, Donald T. Campbell, Florian von Schilcher and Neil Tennant are designed to show that prescriptive or evaluative judgments cannot be justified. The reasonableness of this move is, however, dubious, because it implies strategies of raising oneself into a privileged status or of rendering the position of oneself immune from criticism by shifting it among the objects of the theory. Then Wilson's concept of 'evolutionary ethics' is thoroughly--and critically--analyzed. The suspicion that Wilson's fallacies in the transition from biological facts to moral norms are of exemplary nature is finally examined on the basis of tenets advanced by Herbert Spencer, Wolfgang Wickler, and Hans Mohr.

Role of the P-Type ATPases, ATP7A and ATP7B in brain copper homeostasis.

PubMed

Telianidis, Jonathon; Hung, Ya Hui; Materia, Stephanie; Fontaine, Sharon La

2013-01-01

Over the past two decades there have been significant advances in our understanding of copper homeostasis and the pathological consequences of copper dysregulation. Cumulative evidence is revealing a complex regulatory network of proteins and pathways that maintain copper homeostasis. The recognition of copper dysregulation as a key pathological feature in prominent neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and prion diseases has led to increased research focus on the mechanisms controlling copper homeostasis in the brain. The copper-transporting P-type ATPases (copper-ATPases), ATP7A and ATP7B, are critical components of the copper regulatory network. Our understanding of the biochemistry and cell biology of these complex proteins has grown significantly since their discovery in 1993. They are large polytopic transmembrane proteins with six copper-binding motifs within the cytoplasmic N-terminal domain, eight transmembrane domains, and highly conserved catalytic domains. These proteins catalyze ATP-dependent copper transport across cell membranes for the metallation of many essential cuproenzymes, as well as for the removal of excess cellular copper to prevent copper toxicity. A key functional aspect of these copper transporters is their copper-responsive trafficking between the trans-Golgi network and the cell periphery. ATP7A- and ATP7B-deficiency, due to genetic mutation, underlie the inherited copper transport disorders, Menkes and Wilson diseases, respectively. Their importance in maintaining brain copper homeostasis is underscored by the severe neuropathological deficits in these disorders. Herein we will review and update our current knowledge of these copper transporters in the brain and the central nervous system, their distribution and regulation, their role in normal brain copper homeostasis, and how their absence or dysfunction contributes to disturbances in copper homeostasis and neurodegeneration.

Role of the P-Type ATPases, ATP7A and ATP7B in brain copper homeostasis

PubMed Central

Telianidis, Jonathon; Hung, Ya Hui; Materia, Stephanie; Fontaine, Sharon La

2013-01-01

Over the past two decades there have been significant advances in our understanding of copper homeostasis and the pathological consequences of copper dysregulation. Cumulative evidence is revealing a complex regulatory network of proteins and pathways that maintain copper homeostasis. The recognition of copper dysregulation as a key pathological feature in prominent neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and prion diseases has led to increased research focus on the mechanisms controlling copper homeostasis in the brain. The copper-transporting P-type ATPases (copper-ATPases), ATP7A and ATP7B, are critical components of the copper regulatory network. Our understanding of the biochemistry and cell biology of these complex proteins has grown significantly since their discovery in 1993. They are large polytopic transmembrane proteins with six copper-binding motifs within the cytoplasmic N-terminal domain, eight transmembrane domains, and highly conserved catalytic domains. These proteins catalyze ATP-dependent copper transport across cell membranes for the metallation of many essential cuproenzymes, as well as for the removal of excess cellular copper to prevent copper toxicity. A key functional aspect of these copper transporters is their copper-responsive trafficking between the trans-Golgi network and the cell periphery. ATP7A- and ATP7B-deficiency, due to genetic mutation, underlie the inherited copper transport disorders, Menkes and Wilson diseases, respectively. Their importance in maintaining brain copper homeostasis is underscored by the severe neuropathological deficits in these disorders. Herein we will review and update our current knowledge of these copper transporters in the brain and the central nervous system, their distribution and regulation, their role in normal brain copper homeostasis, and how their absence or dysfunction contributes to disturbances in copper homeostasis and neurodegeneration. PMID:23986700

The neuropsychiatry of hyperkinetic movement disorders: insights from neuroimaging into the neural circuit bases of dysfunction.

PubMed

Hayhow, Bradleigh D; Hassan, Islam; Looi, Jeffrey C L; Gaillard, Francesco; Velakoulis, Dennis; Walterfang, Mark

2013-01-01

Movement disorders, particularly those associated with basal ganglia disease, have a high rate of comorbid neuropsychiatric illness. We consider the pathophysiological basis of the comorbidity between movement disorders and neuropsychiatric illness by 1) reviewing the epidemiology of neuropsychiatric illness in a range of hyperkinetic movement disorders, and 2) correlating findings to evidence from studies that have utilized modern neuroimaging techniques to investigate these disorders. In addition to diseases classically associated with basal ganglia pathology, such as Huntington disease, Wilson disease, the neuroacanthocytoses, and diseases of brain iron accumulation, we include diseases associated with pathology of subcortical white matter tracts, brain stem nuclei, and the cerebellum, such as metachromatic leukodystrophy, dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy, and the spinocerebellar ataxias. Neuropsychiatric symptoms are integral to a thorough phenomenological account of hyperkinetic movement disorders. Drawing on modern theories of cortico-subcortical circuits, we argue that these disorders can be conceptualized as disorders of complex subcortical networks with distinct functional architectures. Damage to any component of these complex information-processing networks can have variable and often profound consequences for the function of more remote neural structures, creating a diverse but nonetheless rational pattern of clinical symptomatology.

Lead toxicity in battery workers.

PubMed

Qasim, Saeeda Fouzia; Baloch, Malka

2014-11-01

Lead poisoning is a medical condition caused by increased levels of lead in the body. Routes of exposure include contaminated air, water, soil, food and consumer products. Occupational exposure is the main cause of lead poisoning in the adults. Two cases of occupational lead poisoning in adult battery workers are hereby presented. Both male patients had initial non-specific symptoms of intermittent abdominal pain, fatigue and headache for 6 - 8 years. Later on, they developed psychosis, slurred speech, tremors of hands and initially underwent treatment for Parkinsonism and Wilson's disease because of clinical misdiagnosis. They were diagnosed with lead poisoning later and were treated successfully with lead chelator (CaNa2 EDTA).

Blinatumomab and Pembrolizumab

PubMed Central

Tabor, Emily E.; Waddell, J. Aubrey; Solimando, Dominic A.

2015-01-01

The complexity of cancer chemotherapy requires pharmacists be familiar with the complicated regimens and highly toxic agents used. This column reviews various issues related to preparation, dispensing, and administration of antineoplastic therapy, and the agents, both commercially available and investigational, used to treat malignant diseases. Questions or suggestions for topics should be addressed to Dominic A. Solimando, Jr, President, Oncology Pharmacy Services, Inc., 4201 Wilson Blvd #110-545, Arlington, VA 22203, e-mail: OncRxSvc@comcast.net; or J. Aubrey Waddell, Professor, University of Tennessee College of Pharmacy; Oncology Pharmacist, Pharmacy Department, Blount Memorial Hospital, 907 E. Lamar Alexander Parkway, Maryville, TN 37804, e-mail: waddfour@charter.net. PMID:26448656

Drug Monographs: Avelumab and Ribociclib.

PubMed

Waddell, J Aubrey; Solimando, Dominic A

2017-07-01

The complexity of cancer chemotherapy requires pharmacists be familiar with the complicated regimens and highly toxic agents used. This column reviews various issues related to preparation, dispensing, and administration of antineoplastic therapy, and the agents, both commercially available and investigational, used to treat malignant diseases. Questions or suggestions for topics should be addressed to Dominic A. Solimando, Jr, President, Oncology Pharmacy Services, Inc, 4201 Wilson Blvd #110-545, Arlington, VA 22203, email: OncRxSvc@comcast.net; or J. Aubrey Waddell, Professor, University of Tennessee College of Pharmacy; Oncology Pharmacist, Pharmacy Department, Blount Memorial Hospital, 907 E. Lamar Alexander Parkway, Maryville, TN 37804, e-mail: waddfour@charter.net.

Drug Monographs: Ixazomib and Necitumumab.

PubMed

Lawson, Fern E; Waddell, J Aubrey; Solimando, Dominic A

2016-05-01

The complexity of cancer chemotherapy requires pharmacists be familiar with the complicated regimens and highly toxic agents used. This column reviews various issues related to preparation, dispensing, and administration of antineoplastic therapy, and the agents, both commercially available and investigational, used to treat malignant diseases. Questions or suggestions for topics should be addressed to Dominic A. Solimando, Jr, President, Oncology Pharmacy Services, Inc., 4201 Wilson Blvd #110-545, Arlington, VA 22203, e-mail: OncRxSvc@comcast.net; or J. Aubrey Waddell, Professor, University of Tennessee College of Pharmacy; Oncology Pharmacist, Pharmacy Department, Blount Memorial Hospital, 907 E. Lamar Alexander Parkway, Maryville, TN 37804, e-mail: waddfour@charter.net.

An Integrated Architecture for Grounded Intelligence in Its Development, Experimental, Environmental, and Social Context

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-05-01

supervisory system lie core drives, such as hunger , boredom, attention-seeking, and other domain-specific drives (such as task success), modeled as scalar...the control of routing activities. Cognitive Neuropsychology , 17:297-338. [Davies and Stone, 1995] Davies, M. and Stone, T. (1995). Introduction. In...Thornton, I., J., P., and Shiffrar, M. (1998). The visual perception of human locomotion. Cognitive Neuropsychology , 15:535-552. [Wilson, 2001] Wilson

An Implantable Neuroprosthetic Device to Normalize Bladder Function after SCI

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-10-01

Billington, K.S. Tweden, R.R. Wilson, F.G. Moody, “Selection of electrical algorithms to treat obesity with intermittent vagal block using an...C.J., Tweden, K.S., Wilson, R.R., Moody, F.G. (2009). Selection of electrical algorithms to treat obesity with intermittent vagal block using an...only one cuff electrode was implanted on the left pudendal nerve. Therefore, voiding induced by intermittent stimulation was tested but pudendal

Normalizing the Future Years Defense Program for Funding Policy Changes.

DTIC Science & Technology

1997-01-01

IDA INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES - Normalizing the Future Years Defense Program for Funding Policy Changes f James L. Wilson, Project... Policy Changes James L.Wilson, Project Leader Timothy J. Graves John A. Lobi Ronald E. Porten PREFACE This paper was prepared by the Institute for...to match the funding policies now in effect for the current and future years. This work was reviewed within IDA by Waynard C. Devers and Stanley A

Endogenous 6-Hydroxymelatonin Excretion and Subsequent Risk of Breast Cancer: A Prospective Study

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-03-01

4 INTRODUCTION Melatonin (N-acetyl-5methoxtryptamine) is synthesized and released by the pineal gland ...Cohen M. Lippman M. Chabner B. Role of pineal gland in aetiology and treatment of breast cancer. Lancet. 2(8094):814-6, 1978. Coogan PF. Clapp...49, 1986. Blask DE. Pelletier DB. Hill SM. Lemus-Wilson A. Grosso DS. Wilson ST. Wise ME. Pineal melatonin inhibition of tumor promotion in the N

Laboratory and Field Studies of the Acoustics of Multiphase Ocean Bottom Materials

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-09-30

diurnal and seasonal dependencies. During winter months, seagrass goes dormant, photosynthesis diminishes, and acoustic attenuation is also at a...pp. EL101–107 (2011). [14] C.J. Wilson, P.S. Wilson, and K.H. Dunton, “An acoustic investigation of seagrass photosynthesis ,” Marine Biology 159...An acoustic investigation of seagrass photosynthesis ,” Marine Biology 159, pp. 2311–2322 (2012). Conference Papers and Proceedings [1] T.F. Argo

Wilson and Domainwall Kernels on Oakforest-PACS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kanamori, Issaku; Matsufuru, Hideo

2018-03-01

We report the performance of Wilson and Domainwall Kernels on a new Intel Xeon Phi Knights Landing based machine named Oakforest-PACS, which is co-hosted by University of Tokyo and Tsukuba University and is currently fastest in Japan. This machine uses Intel Omni-Path for the internode network. We compare performance with several types of implementation including that makes use of the Grid library. The code is incorporated with the code set Bridge++.

U.S. Strategy for Iran Following its Achievement of Nuclear Weapon Capability

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-04-01

Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2007), 155. 2 Isaiah Wilson III, “Rediscovering Containment: The Sources of American-Iranian...72 Pollack, “The Threat from Iran,” 3. 73 Thomas Donnelly, “Strategy for a Nuclear Iran,” In Getting Ready for a Nuclear-Ready Iran, (Carlisle, PA...Strategic Studies Institute, Oct 2005), 167. 74 Jane’s Sentinel Country Risk Assessments, 111. 75 Stanley, 24. 76 Isaiah Wilson III

Water-quality conditions and suspended-sediment transport in the Wilson and Trask Rivers, northwestern Oregon, water years 2012–14

USGS Publications Warehouse

Sobieszczyk, Steven; Bragg, Heather M.; Uhrich, Mark A.

2015-07-28

Results from this study will provide resource managers insight into the seasonality of water-quality conditions and the extent of suspended-sediment transport in the Wilson and Trask Rivers. The data are useful for establishing a baseline and for maintaining best-use land management practices and possibly for aiding in prioritization of restoration actions for both rivers and their respective watersheds. 

Improved quasi parton distribution through Wilson line renormalization

DOE PAGES

Chen, Jiunn-Wei; Ji, Xiangdong; Zhang, Jian-Hui

2016-12-09

Some recent developments showed that hadron light-cone parton distributions could be directly extracted from spacelike correlators, known as quasi parton distributions, in the large hadron momentum limit. Unlike the normal light-cone parton distribution, a quasi parton distribution contains ultraviolet (UV) power divergence associated with the Wilson line self energy. Here, we show that to all orders in the coupling expansion, the power divergence can be removed by a “mass” counterterm in the auxiliary z-field formalism, in the same way as the renormalization of power divergence for an open Wilson line. After adding this counterterm, the quasi quark distribution is improvedmore » such that it contains at most logarithmic divergences. Based on a simple version of discretized gauge action, we also present the one-loop matching kernel between the improved non-singlet quasi quark distribution with a lattice regulator and the corresponding quark distribution in dimensional regularization.« less

Improved quasi parton distribution through Wilson line renormalization

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chen, Jiunn-Wei; Ji, Xiangdong; Zhang, Jian-Hui

Some recent developments showed that hadron light-cone parton distributions could be directly extracted from spacelike correlators, known as quasi parton distributions, in the large hadron momentum limit. Unlike the normal light-cone parton distribution, a quasi parton distribution contains ultraviolet (UV) power divergence associated with the Wilson line self energy. Here, we show that to all orders in the coupling expansion, the power divergence can be removed by a “mass” counterterm in the auxiliary z-field formalism, in the same way as the renormalization of power divergence for an open Wilson line. After adding this counterterm, the quasi quark distribution is improvedmore » such that it contains at most logarithmic divergences. Based on a simple version of discretized gauge action, we also present the one-loop matching kernel between the improved non-singlet quasi quark distribution with a lattice regulator and the corresponding quark distribution in dimensional regularization.« less

A search for the millimetre lines of HCN in Comets Wilson 1987 VII and Machholz 1988 XV

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Crouvisier, J.; Despois, D.; Bockelee-Morvan, D.; Gerard, E.; Paubert, G.; Johansson, L. E. B.; Ekelund, L.; Winnberg, A.; Ge, W.; Irvine, W. M.; Kinzel, W. M.; Schloerb, F. P.

1990-08-01

The J(1-0) lines of HCN at 89 GHz were searched for in Comet Wilson 1987 VII, with the FCRAO, the SEST and the IRAM radio telescopes between February and June 1987. There was no firm detection, but significant upper limits were obtained, which put severe constraints on the HCN production rate in that comet. A direct comparison with the observations of P/Halley suggests that the HCN abundance relative to water might be smaller in Comet Wilson by at least a factor of two. The J(1-0) and J(3-2) lines of HCN at 89 and 266 GHz were searched for in Comet Machholz 1988 XV when it was close to perihelion at 0.17 AU from the sun. There was no detection. At that moment, the comet was probably no longer active.

Ludwik Antoni Birkenmajer and Curtis Wilson on the Origin of Nicholas Copernicus's Heliocentrism.

PubMed

Goddu, André

2016-06-01

What moved Copernicus to switch from the time-honored geocentric to a heliocentric setup for the planetary system? He himself did not explain this momentous move in any detail--his only comments about it suggest that Ptolemy's complete solution to the problem of nonuniform motion, the equant model, led him to propose. Earth's annual motion around the Sun. The most widely accepted accounts of the origin of Copernicus's theory dismiss or dispute any direct relation between the principle of uniform motion and the heliocentric theory. Two scholars, the Polish expert on Copernicus Ludwik Antoni Birkenmajer (1855-1929) and the American historian of astronomy Curtis Wilson (1921-2012), constructed detailed arguments about how Copernicus's rejection of Ptolemy's solution led him to his theory. The principal aim of this essay is to reintroduce Birkenmajer's and Wilson's voices to the discussion of the origin of Copernicus's heliocentrism.

Magnetic monopole versus vortex as gauge-invariant topological objects for quark confinement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kondo, Kei-Ichi; Sasago, Takaaki; Shinohara, Toru; Shibata, Akihiro; Kato, Seikou

2017-12-01

First, we give a gauge-independent definition of chromomagnetic monopoles in SU(N) Yang-Mills theory which is derived through a non-Abelian Stokes theorem for the Wilson loop operator. Then we discuss how such magnetic monopoles can give a nontrivial contribution to the Wilson loop operator for understanding the area law of the Wilson loop average. Next, we discuss how the magnetic monopole condensation picture are compatible with the vortex condensation picture as another promising scenario for quark confinement. We analyze the profile function of the magnetic flux tube as the non-Abelian vortex solution of U(N) gauge-Higgs model, which is to be compared with numerical simulations of the SU(N) Yang-Mills theory on a lattice. This analysis gives an estimate of the string tension based on the vortex condensation picture, and possible interactions between two non-Abelian vortices.

On the energy-momentum tensor in Moyal space

DOE PAGES

Balasin, Herbert; Blaschke, Daniel N.; Gieres, François; ...

2015-06-26

We study the properties of the energy-momentum tensor of gauge fields coupled to matter in non-commutative (Moyal) space. In general, the non-commutativity affects the usual conservation law of the tensor as well as its transformation properties (gauge covariance instead of gauge invariance). It is known that the conservation of the energy-momentum tensor can be achieved by a redefinition involving another starproduct. Furthermore, for a pure gauge theory it is always possible to define a gauge invariant energy-momentum tensor by means of a Wilson line. We show that the latter two procedures are incompatible with each other if couplings of gaugemore » fields to matter fields (scalars or fermions) are considered: The gauge invariant tensor (constructed via Wilson line) does not allow for a redefinition assuring its conservation, and vice-versa the introduction of another star-product does not allow for gauge invariance by means of a Wilson line.« less

Sivers and Boer-Mulders observables from lattice QCD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Musch, B. U.; Hägler, Ph.; Engelhardt, M.; Negele, J. W.; Schäfer, A.

2012-05-01

We present a first calculation of transverse momentum-dependent nucleon observables in dynamical lattice QCD employing nonlocal operators with staple-shaped, “process-dependent” Wilson lines. The use of staple-shaped Wilson lines allows us to link lattice simulations to TMD effects determined from experiment, and, in particular, to access nonuniversal, naively time-reversal odd TMD observables. We present and discuss results for the generalized Sivers and Boer-Mulders transverse momentum shifts for the SIDIS and DY cases. The effect of staple-shaped Wilson lines on T-even observables is studied for the generalized tensor charge and a generalized transverse shift related to the worm-gear function g1T. We emphasize the dependence of these observables on the staple extent and the Collins-Soper evolution parameter. Our numerical calculations use an nf=2+1 mixed action scheme with domain wall valence fermions on an Asqtad sea and pion masses 369 MeV as well as 518 MeV.

Wilson's warbler in Maryland in late December

USGS Publications Warehouse

Robbins, C.S.

1949-01-01

On December 22, 1947, while participating in a Christmas Bird Count on the eastern shore of Maryland, I observed a Wilson's warbler (Wilsonia pusilla) feeding along a sunny margin of a woods near the Pocomoke River, three miles north of Snow Hill. It was with a flock of myrtle warblers (Dendroica coronata), white-throated sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis), Carolina chickadees (Parus carolinensis), and several other species. My attention was first attracted to the Wilson's warbler by the distinctive call note which it repeated about once a minute. The bird was actively feeding among the dead leaves on a group of young oak trees. The bird was collected and proved to be a female. The skin was preserved for the collection of the Fish and Wildlife Service. The stomach was full, and the contents were identified by Robert T. Mitchell as: fragments of Araneida, 80 per cent; Coleoptera, 10 per cent; Hymenoptera, 10 per cent.

Recognition of abstract objects via neural oscillators: interaction among topological organization, associative memory and gamma band synchronization.

PubMed

Ursino, Mauro; Magosso, Elisa; Cuppini, Cristiano

2009-02-01

Synchronization of neural activity in the gamma band is assumed to play a significant role not only in perceptual processing, but also in higher cognitive functions. Here, we propose a neural network of Wilson-Cowan oscillators to simulate recognition of abstract objects, each represented as a collection of four features. Features are ordered in topological maps of oscillators connected via excitatory lateral synapses, to implement a similarity principle. Experience on previous objects is stored in long-range synapses connecting the different topological maps, and trained via timing dependent Hebbian learning (previous knowledge principle). Finally, a downstream decision network detects the presence of a reliable object representation, when all features are oscillating in synchrony. Simulations performed giving various simultaneous objects to the network (from 1 to 4), with some missing and/or modified properties suggest that the network can reconstruct objects, and segment them from the other simultaneously present objects, even in case of deteriorated information, noise, and moderate correlation among the inputs (one common feature). The balance between sensitivity and specificity depends on the strength of the Hebbian learning. Achieving a correct reconstruction in all cases, however, requires ad hoc selection of the oscillation frequency. The model represents an attempt to investigate the interactions among topological maps, autoassociative memory, and gamma-band synchronization, for recognition of abstract objects.

Introduction of the gross motor function classification system in Venezuela--a model for knowledge dissemination.

PubMed

Löwing, Kristina; Arredondo, Ynes C; Tedroff, Marika; Tedroff, Kristina

2015-09-04

A current worldwide common goal is to optimize the health and well-being of children with cerebral palsy (CP). In order to reach that goal, for this heterogeneous group, a common language and classification systems are required to predict development and offer evidence based interventions. In most countries in Africa, South America, Asia and Eastern Europe the classification systems for CP are unfamiliar and rarely used. Education and implementation are required. The specific aims of this study were to examine a model in order to introduce the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS-E&R) in Venezuela, and to examine the validity and the reliability. Children with CP, registered at a National child rehabilitation centre in Venezuela, were invited to participate. The Spanish version of GMFCS-E&R was used. The Wilson mobility scale was translated and used to examine the concurrent validity. A structured questionnaire, comprising aspects of mobility and gross motor function, was constructed. In addition, each child was filmed. A paediatrician in Venezuela received supervised self-education in GMFCS-E&R and the Wilson mobility scale. A Swedish student was educated in GMFCS-E&R and the Wilson mobility scale prior to visiting Venezuela. In Venezuela, all children were classified and scored by the paediatrician and student independently. An experienced paediatric physiotherapist (PT) in Sweden made independent GMFCS-E&R classifications and Wilson mobility scale scorings, accomplished through merging data from the structured questionnaire with observations of the films. Descriptive statistics were used and reliability was presented with weighted Kappa (Kw). Spearman's correlation coefficient was calculated to explore the concurrent validity between GMFCS-E&R and Wilson mobility scale. Eighty-eight children (56 boys), mean age 10 years (3-18), with CP participated. The inter-rater reliability of GMFCS-E&R between; the paediatrician and the PT was Kw = 0.85 (95% CI: 0.75-0.88), the PT and student was Kw = 0.91 (95% CI: 0.86-0.95) and the paediatrician and student was Kw = 0.85 (95 % CI: 0.79-0.90). The correlations between GMFCS-E&R and Wilson mobility scale were high rs =0.94-0.95 (p < 0.001). In a setting with no previous knowledge of GMFCS-E&R, the model with education, supervised self-education and practice was efficient and resulted in very good reliability and validity.

Late Pleistocene eruptive history of the Mono Craters rhyolites, eastern California, from U-Th dating of explosive and effusive products

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marcaida, M.; Vazquez, J. A.; Calvert, A. T.; Miller, J. S.

2016-12-01

During late Pleistocene-Holocene time, repeated explosive and effusive eruptions of high-silica rhyolite magma south of Mono Lake, California, have produced a chain of massive domes known as the Mono Craters and a time-series of tephra deposits preserved in sediments of the Wilson Creek formation of ancestral Mono Lake. The record of late Holocene volcanism at Mono Craters is relatively well constrained by tephrostratigraphy and 14C dating, and the timing of late Pleistocene eruptions is similarly well constrained by tephrochronology and magnetostratigraphy of the Wilson Creek formation. However, the chronology of eruptions for the Mono Craters chain, comprising at least 28 individual domes, has thus far been based on age estimates from hydration rind dating of obsidian that is highly dependent on local calibration. We constrain the timing of late Pleistocene dome emplacement by linking independently dated Wilson Creek tephras to their dome equivalents in the Mono Craters using combined titanomagnetite geochemistry and U-Th geochronology. Ion microprobe 238U-230Th dating of unpolished allanite and zircon rims gives isochron dates of ca. 42 ka, ca. 38 ka, ca. 26 ka, and ca. 20 ka for domes 19, 24, 31 (newly recognized), and 11 of the Mono Craters, respectively. These domes are biotite-bearing rhyolites with titanomagnetites that are compositionally identical to those from several Wilson Creek tephras. Specifically, we correlate Ash 15, Ash 7, and Ash 3 of the Wilson Creek formation to domes 19, 31, and 11 of the Mono Craters, respectively, based on matching titanomagnetite compositions and indistinguishable U-Th ages. 40Ar/39Ar dating of single sanidines from domes 19 and 31 yield mean dates that are 10 k.y. older than their corresponding U-Th dates, likely due to excess argon from melt inclusions and/or incompletely re-equilibrated antecrysts. Based on our new U-Th isochron date of ca. 34 ka for allanite-zircon from Ash 8 pumice and the ca. 26-27 ka age of Ash 7 and its extrusive equivalent dome 31, we infer that the stratigraphic position of the ca. 32 ka Auckland/Mono Lake geomagnetic excursion, if recorded in beds of the Wilson Creek formation, is between Ashes 7 and 8. Accordingly, the prominent geomagnetic excursion bisected by Ash 15 lower in the section is the ca. 41 ka global Laschamp event.

A bibliography of references to avian cholera

USGS Publications Warehouse

Wilson, Sonoma S.

1979-01-01

Mrs. Wilson has made a genuine effort to include in this bibliography every significant reference to avian cholera since Louis Pasteur's articles appeared in 1880, although she recognizes the likelihood that a few have been overlooked. New listings have been added throughout 1978, but comprehensive coverage of the literature cannot be claimed beyond June of that year.Textbook accounts, because they are generally summaries of work published elsewhere, are excluded. Papers dealing primarily with the biology of Pasteurella multocida, as opposed to the disease it induces in birds, are also excluded, unless they report information of diagnostic usefulness. Short abstracts are not included unless the journals in which they are published are more widely available than those in which the complete articles appear or they are English summaries of foreign language articles.In compiling this bibliography, Mrs. Wilson has made extensive use of Biological Abstracts, the Pesticide Documentation Bulletin, and printouts generated by Bibliographic Retrieval Services, Inc. The "Literature Cited" sections of textbooks and journal articles pertinent to the subject were sources of many additional references. Regardless of the origin of the citation, its accuracy was confirmed by comparison with the original publication, except in those few instances (marked with an asterisk) when the journal was not on the shelves of the libraries accessible to us.The author will be grateful to users of the bibliography who point out errors or omissions.Wayne I. JensenMicrobiologist In Charge

[Differential gene expression in incompatible interaction between Lilium regale Wilson and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lilii revealed by combined SSH and microarray analysis].

PubMed

Rao, J; Liu, D; Zhang, N; He, H; Ge, F; Chen, C

2014-01-01

Fusarium wilt, caused by a soilborne pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lilii, is the major disease of lily (Lilium L.). In order to isolate the genes differentially expressed in a resistant reaction to F. oxysporum in L. regale Wilson, a cDNA library was constructed with L. regale root during F. oxysporum infection using the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH), and a total of 585 unique expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were obtained. Furthermore, the gene expression profiles in the incompatible interaction between L. regale and F. oxysporum were revealed by oligonucleotide microarray analysis of 585 unique ESTs comparison to the compatible interaction between a susceptible Lilium Oriental Hybrid 'Siberia' and F. oxysporum. The result of expression profile analysis indicated that the genes encoding pathogenesis-related proteins (PRs), antioxidative stress enzymes, secondary metabolism enzymes, transcription factors, signal transduction proteins as well as a large number of unknown genes were involved in early defense response of L. regale to F. oxysporum infection. Moreover, the following quantitative reverse transcription PCR (QRT-PCR) analysis confirmed reliability of the oligonucleotide microarray data. In the present study, isolation of differentially expressed genes in L. regale during response to F. oxysporum helped to uncover the molecular mechanism associated with the resistance of L. regale against F. oxysporum.

Chemiluminescence of Organic Compounds.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-04-07

of organic reaction chemiluminescence (Rauiht, 197) ; Hastings and Wilson, 1976 ; Gundermann, 1974 ; White et al., 1974 ; McCapra, 1973 ; .oto, 1979...1977; Wilson, T., 1976; Turro et al., JI U4a; Mumtord, 1915), the chemiluminescence -4- of hydrazides (Roswell and White , 1978 ; White and Roswell...mechanical Iv exc, it cd . iii; q ie ed in a react inn, meaning energv is released in period ot t ime noi the *r?-!tcr of Ol I ess than thle t ime of a

Assessing the Impact of Strategic Culture on Chinese Regional Security Policies in South Asia

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-05-19

36John Milton Cooper, Breaking the Heart of the World: Woodrow Wilson and the Fight for the League of Nations (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press...investment vehicles. 44Thomas L. Friedman , The Lexus and the Olive Tree (New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 1999), 155. 16 regarding the control...Washington Post, June 13, 1999, A27. Cooper, John Milton . Breaking the Heart of the World: Woodrow Wilson and the Fight for the League of Nations

Plastic Deformation and Fracture of Steel under Dynamic Loading.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-05-01

distribution unlimited. 17. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of thme abstract antered ins Black 20, it dii ioreui how. Reprt) r NA I *. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The view...under the previous ARO grant has been completed and accepted for publication. I References [1] Wilson, M. L., Hawley, R . H. and Duffy, J., "Strain...of Fracture in a Mild, Rate-Sensitive Steel," Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, July, 1979 , pp. 258-264. [4] Wilson, M. L., Hawley, R

Decision-Making Guide for the Proposed Coast Guard Differential Global Positioning System

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-06-01

DIFFERENTIAL GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM by Robert J. Wilson June, 1991 Thesis Co-Advisors: Dan C. Boger Kurt Schnebele Approved for public release; distribution...Wilson Approved by: -Dan C. Boger, Thesis Co dvisor Kurt Scnebele, CaIn, NOAA, Thesis Co-Advisor -4v David R. Whipple, Chairman Department of...Group, 9 April 1990, Coast Guard Research and Development Center, Groton, CT. 20. Kremer , G.T., and others, ’The Effect of Selective Availability on

Three’s Company: The Efficacy of Third-Party Intervention in Support of Counterinsurgency

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-10-26

counterinsurgency is an appreciation for the unique role of the third-party intervener. Because these studies primarily examine conflicts 2 Thomas X...insurgency as a novel “technology of military conflict.”5 In a related study, Jason Lyall and Isaiah Wilson study conflict outcome and insurgencies...D. Fearon and David D. Laitin, "Ethnicity, Insurgency, and Civil War," 75 6 Jason Lyall and Isaiah Wilson, "Rage Against the Machines: Explaining

Beyond Hate: Countering Violent Extremism from the White Power Movement

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-01

Wilson, J. C. Lester, and Walter Lynwood Fleming, Ku Klux Klan Its Origin, Growth and Disbandment, n.d., Kindle edition, loc 109 of 2871. 40...Chalmers, Hooded Americanism, 16–17. 41 Wilson, Lester, and Fleming, Ku Klux Klan Its Origin, Growth and Disbandment, Kindle edition, loc 153 of 2871...Lester, and Fleming, Ku Klux Klan Its Origin, Growth and Disbandment, loc 152 of 2871; Annie Cooper Burton, The Ku Klux Klan (Los Angeles, California

Off-shell amplitudes as boundary integrals of analytically continued Wilson line slope

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kotko, P.; Serino, M.; Stasto, A. M.

2016-08-01

One of the methods to calculate tree-level multi-gluon scattering amplitudes is to use the Berends-Giele recursion relation involving off-shell currents or off-shell amplitudes, if working in the light cone gauge. As shown in recent works using the light-front perturbation theory, solutions to these recursions naturally collapse into gauge invariant and gauge-dependent components, at least for some helicity configurations. In this work, we show that such structure is helicity independent and emerges from analytic properties of matrix elements of Wilson line operators, where the slope of the straight gauge path is shifted in a certain complex direction. This is similar to the procedure leading to the Britto-Cachazo-Feng-Witten (BCFW) recursion, however we apply a complex shift to the Wilson line slope instead of the external momenta. While in the original BCFW procedure the boundary integrals over the complex shift vanish for certain deformations, here they are non-zero and are equal to the off-shell amplitudes. The main result can thus be summarized as follows: we derive a decomposition of a helicity-fixed off-shell current into gauge invariant component given by a matrix element of a straight Wilson line plus a reminder given by a sum of products of gauge invariant and gauge dependent quantities. We give several examples realizing this relation, including the five-point next-to-MHV helicity configuration.

Staircase tableaux, the asymmetric exclusion process, and Askey-Wilson polynomials

PubMed Central

Corteel, Sylvie; Williams, Lauren K.

2010-01-01

We introduce some combinatorial objects called staircase tableaux, which have cardinality 4nn !, and connect them to both the asymmetric exclusion process (ASEP) and Askey-Wilson polynomials. The ASEP is a model from statistical mechanics introduced in the late 1960s, which describes a system of interacting particles hopping left and right on a one-dimensional lattice of n sites with open boundaries. It has been cited as a model for traffic flow and translation in protein synthesis. In its most general form, particles may enter and exit at the left with probabilities α and γ, and they may exit and enter at the right with probabilities β and δ. In the bulk, the probability of hopping left is q times the probability of hopping right. Our first result is a formula for the stationary distribution of the ASEP with all parameters general, in terms of staircase tableaux. Our second result is a formula for the moments of (the weight function of) Askey-Wilson polynomials, also in terms of staircase tableaux. Since the 1980s there has been a great deal of work giving combinatorial formulas for moments of classical orthogonal polynomials (e.g. Hermite, Charlier, Laguerre); among these polynomials, the Askey-Wilson polynomials are the most important, because they are at the top of the hierarchy of classical orthogonal polynomials. PMID:20348417

Staircase tableaux, the asymmetric exclusion process, and Askey-Wilson polynomials.

PubMed

Corteel, Sylvie; Williams, Lauren K

2010-04-13

We introduce some combinatorial objects called staircase tableaux, which have cardinality 4(n)n!, and connect them to both the asymmetric exclusion process (ASEP) and Askey-Wilson polynomials. The ASEP is a model from statistical mechanics introduced in the late 1960s, which describes a system of interacting particles hopping left and right on a one-dimensional lattice of n sites with open boundaries. It has been cited as a model for traffic flow and translation in protein synthesis. In its most general form, particles may enter and exit at the left with probabilities alpha and gamma, and they may exit and enter at the right with probabilities beta and delta. In the bulk, the probability of hopping left is q times the probability of hopping right. Our first result is a formula for the stationary distribution of the ASEP with all parameters general, in terms of staircase tableaux. Our second result is a formula for the moments of (the weight function of) Askey-Wilson polynomials, also in terms of staircase tableaux. Since the 1980s there has been a great deal of work giving combinatorial formulas for moments of classical orthogonal polynomials (e.g. Hermite, Charlier, Laguerre); among these polynomials, the Askey-Wilson polynomials are the most important, because they are at the top of the hierarchy of classical orthogonal polynomials.

On the zero-crossing of the three-gluon Green's function from lattice simulations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Athenodorou, Andreas; Boucaud, Philippe; de Soto, Feliciano; Rodríguez-Quintero, José; Zafeiropoulos, Savvas

2018-03-01

We report on some efforts recently made in order to gain a better understanding of some IR properties of the 3-point gluon Green's function by exploiting results from large-volume quenched lattice simulations. These lattice results have been obtained by using both tree-level Symanzik and the standard Wilson action, in the aim of assessing the possible impact of effects presumably resulting from a particular choice for the discretization of the action. The main resulting feature is the existence of a negative log-aritmic divergence at zero-momentum, which pulls the 3-gluon form factors down at low momenta and, consequently, yields a zero-crossing at a given deep IR momentum. The results can be correctly explained by analyzing the relevant Dyson-Schwinger equations and appropriate truncation schemes.

Cruise ships as a source of avian mortality during fall migration

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bocetti, Carol I.

2011-01-01

Avian mortality during fall migration has been studied at many anthropogenic structures, most of which share the common feature of bright lighting. An additional, unstudied source of avian mortality during fall migration is recreational cruise ships that are brightly lit throughout the night. I documented a single mortality event of eight Common Yellowthroats (Geothlypis trichas) on one ship during part of one night in fall 2003, but suggest this is a more wide-spread phenomenon. The advertised number of ship-nights for 50 cruise ships in the Caribbean Sea during fall migration in 2003 was 2,981. This may pose a significant, additional, anthropogenic source of mortality that warrants further investigation, particularly because impacts could be minimized if this source of avian mortality is recognized. ?? 2011 by the Wilson Ornithological Society.

QSAR and 3D QSAR of inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pinto-Bazurco, Mariano; Tsakovska, Ivanka; Pajeva, Ilza

This article reports quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) and 3D QSAR models of 134 structurally diverse inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase. Free-Wilson analysis was used to derive the QSAR model. It identified the substituents in aniline, the polycyclic system, and the substituents at the 6- and 7-positions of the polycyclic system as the most important structural features. Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) were used in the 3D QSAR modeling. The steric and electrostatic interactions proved the most important for the inhibitory effect. Both QSAR and 3D QSAR models led to consistent results. On the basis of the statistically significant models, new structures were proposed and their inhibitory activities were predicted.

Dirac and Pauli form factors from lattice QCD

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Collins, S.; Goeckeler, M.; Nobile, A.

2011-10-01

We present a comprehensive analysis of the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon from a lattice simulation with two flavors of dynamical O(a)-improved Wilson fermions. A key feature of our calculation is that we make use of an extensive ensemble of lattice gauge field configurations with four different lattice spacings, multiple volumes, and pion masses down to m{sub {pi}{approx}1}80 MeV. We find that by employing Kelly-inspired parametrizations for the Q{sup 2} dependence of the form factors, we are able to obtain stable fits over our complete ensemble. Dirac and Pauli radii and the anomalous magnetic moments of the nucleon aremore » extracted and results at light quark masses provide evidence for chiral nonanalytic behavior in these fundamental observables.« less

Clinical mitochondrial genetics

PubMed Central

Chinnery, P.; Howell, N.; Andrews, R.; Turnbull, D.

1999-01-01

The last decade has been an age of enlightenment as far as mitochondrial pathology is concerned. Well established nuclear genetic diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia,12 Wilson disease,3 and autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia,4 have been shown to have a mitochondrial basis, and we are just starting to unravel the complex nuclear genetic disorders which directly cause mitochondrial dysfunction (table 1). However, in addition to the 3 billion base pair nuclear genome, each human cell typically contains thousands of copies of a small, 16.5 kb circular molecule of double stranded DNA (fig 1). Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) accounts for only 1% of the total cellular nucleic acid content. It encodes for 13 polypeptides which are essential for aerobic metabolism and defects of the mitochondrial genome are an important cause of human disease.9293 Since the characterisation of the first pathogenic mtDNA defects in 1988,513 over 50 point mutations and well over 100 rearrangements of the mitochondrial genome have been associated with human disease9495 (http://www.gen.emory.edu/mitomap.html). These disorders form the focus of this article.


Keywords: mitochondrial DNA; mitochondrial disease; heteroplasmy; genetic counselling PMID:10874629

The copper metallome in eukaryotic cells.

PubMed

Vest, Katherine E; Hashemi, Hayaa F; Cobine, Paul A

2013-01-01

Copper is an element that is both essential and toxic. It is a required micronutrient for energy production in aerobic eukaryotes, from unicellular yeast to plants and mammals. Copper is also required for the acquisition and systemic distribution of the essential metal iron, and so copper deficiency results in iron deficiency. Copper enzymes have been identified that explain the wide variety of symptoms suffered by copper deficient subjects. The cloning of the genes encoding transport proteins responsible for copper-related Menkes and Wilson diseases inspired and coincided with the discovery of copper chaperones that stimulated the copper homeostasis field. Copper continues to be implicated in new array of proteins, notably those involved in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. Here we will describe the cadre of important historical copper proteins and survey the major metallochaperones and transporters responsible for mobilization and sequestration of copper in yeast, mammals and plants.

From rifting to subduction: the role of inheritance in the Wilson Cycle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beaussier, Stéphane; Gerya, Taras; Burg, Jean-Pierre

2017-04-01

The Wilson Cycle entails that oceans close and reopen. This cycle is a fundamental principle in plate tectonics, inferring continuity from divergence to convergence and that continental rifting takes place along former suture zones. This view questions the role of inherited structures at each stage of the Wilson Cycle. Using the 3D thermo-mechanical code, I3ELVIS (Gerya and Yuen 2007) we present a high-resolution continuous model of the Wilson cycle from continental rifting, breakup and oceanic spreading to convergence and spontaneous subduction initiation. Therefore, all lateral and longitudinal structures of the lithospheres are generated self-consistently and are consequences of the initial continental structure, tectono-magmatic inheritance and material rheology. In the models, subduction systematically initiates off-ridge and is controlled by the convergence-induced swelling of the ridge. Geometry and dynamics of the developing off-ridge subduction is controlled by four main factors: (1) the obliquity of the ridge with respect to the convergence direction; (2) fluid-induced weakening of the oceanic crust; (3) irregularity of ridge and margins inherited from rifting and spreading; (4) strain localization at transform faults formed during ocean floor spreading. Further convergence can lead to obduction of the oceanic crust and segments of ridge after the oceanic lithosphere is entrained into subduction. We show that the main parameters controlling the occurrence and geometry of obducted ophiolite are the convergence rate and the inherited structure of the passive margins and ridge. Our numerical experiments results show the essential role played by inheritance during the Wilson Cycle and are consistent with nature observations such as the tectonic history of the Oman subduction-obduction system. REFERENCES Gerya, T. V., and D. A. Yuen. 2007: "Robust Characteristics Method for Modelling Multiphase Visco-Elasto-Plastic Thermo-Mechanical Problems, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 163 (1-4), 83-105.

Cleanup/stimulation of a horizontal wellbore using propellants. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rougeot, J.E.; Lauterbach, K.A.

1993-01-01

This report documents the stimulation/cleanup of a horizontal well bore (Wilson 25) using propellants. The Wilson 25 is a Bartlesville Sand well located in the Flatrock Field, Osage County, Oklahoma. The Wilson 25 was drilled to determine if horizontal drilling could be used as a means to economically recover primary oil that had been left in place in a mostly abandoned oil field because of the adverse effects of water coning. Pump testing of the Wilson 25 horizontal well bore before cleanup or stimulation produced 6 barrels of oil and .84 barrels of water per day. The high percentage ofmore » daily oil production to total daily fluid production indicated that the horizontal well bore had accessed potentially economical oil reserves if the fluid production rate could be increased by performing a cleanup/stimulation treatment. Propellants were selected as an inexpensive means to stimulate and cleanup the near well bore area in a uniform manner. The ignition of a propellant creates a large volume of gas which penetrates the formation, creating numerous short cracks through which hydrocarbons can travel into the well bore. More conventional stimulation/cleanup techniques were either significantly more expensive, less likely to treat uniformly, or could not be confined to the near well bore area. Three different propellant torpedo designs were tested with a total of 304` of horizontal well bore being shot and producible. The initial test shot caused 400` of the horizontal well bore to become plugged off, and subsequently it could not be production tested. The second and third test shots were production tested, with the oil production being increased 458% and 349%, respectively, on a per foot basis. The Wilson 25 results indicate that a propellant shot treatment is an economically viable means to cleanup/stimulate a horizontal well bore.« less

Comparative Transcriptomics to Identify Novel Genes and Pathways in Dinoflagellates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ryan, D.

2016-02-01

The unarmored dinoflagellate Karenia brevis is among the most prominent harmful, bloom-forming phytoplankton species in the Gulf of Mexico. During blooms, the polyketides PbTx-1 and PbTx-2 (brevetoxins) are produced by K. brevis. Brevetoxins negatively impact human health and the Gulf shellfish harvest. However, the genes underlying brevetoxin synthesis are currently unknown. Because the K. brevis genome is extremely large ( 1 × 1011 base pairs long), and with a high proportion of repetitive, non-coding DNA, it has not been sequenced. In fact, large, repetitive genomes are common among the dinoflagellate group. High-throughput RNA sequencing technology enabled us to assemble Karenia transcriptomes de novo and investigate potential genes in the brevetoxin pathway through comparative transcriptomics. The brevetoxin profile varies among K. brevis clonal cultures. For example, well-documented Wilson-CCFWC268 typically produces 8-10 pg PbTx per cell, whereas SP1 produces < 2 pg PbTx/cell, and the mutant low-toxin Wilson clone produces undetectable to low (<0.05 pg/cell) amounts. Further, PbTx-2 has been measured in Karenia papilionacea but not Karenia mikimotoi. We compared the transcriptomes of four K. brevis clones (Wilson-CCFWC268, SP3, SP1, and mutant low-toxin Wilson) with K. papilionacea and K. mikimotoi to investigate nucleotide-level genetic variations and differences in gene expression. Of the 85,000 transcripts in the K. brevis transcriptome, 4,600 transcripts, including novel unannotated orthologs and putative polyketide synthases (PKSs), were only expressed by brevetoxin-producing K. brevis and K. papilionacea, not K. mikimotoi. Examination of gene expression between the typical- and low-toxin Wilson clones identified about 3,500 genes with significantly different expression levels, including 2 putative PKSs. One of the 2 PKSs was only found in the brevetoxin-producing Karenia species. These transcriptomes could not have been characterized without high-throughput RNA sequencing.

The Role of Mathematical Models in Understanding Pattern Formation in Developmental Biology

PubMed Central

Umulis, David M.

2016-01-01

In a Wall Street Journal article published on April 5, 2013, E. O. Wilson attempted to make the case that biologists do not really need to learn any mathematics—whenever they run into difficulty with numerical issues, they can find a technician (aka mathematician) to help them out of their difficulty. He formalizes this in Wilsons Principle No. 1: “It is far easier for scientists to acquire needed collaboration from mathematicians and statisticians than it is for mathematicians and statisticians to find scientists able to make use of their equations.” This reflects a complete misunderstanding of the role of mathematics in all sciences throughout history. To Wilson, mathematics is mere number crunching, but as Galileo said long ago, “The laws of Nature are written in the language of mathematics…the symbols are triangles, circles and other geometrical figures, without whose help it is impossible to comprehend a single word.” Mathematics has moved beyond the geometry-based model of Galileo’s time, and in a rebuttal to Wilson, E. Frenkel has pointed out the role of mathematics in synthesizing the general principles in science (Both point and counter-point are available in Wilson and Frenkel in Notices Am Math Soc 60(7):837–838, 2013). We will take this a step further and show how mathematics has been used to make new and experimentally verified discoveries in developmental biology and how mathematics is essential for understanding a problem that has puzzled experimentalists for decades—that of how organisms can scale in size. Mathematical analysis alone cannot “solve” these problems since the validation lies at the molecular level, but conversely, a growing number of questions in biology cannot be solved without mathematical analysis and modeling. Herein, we discuss a few examples of the productive intercourse between mathematics and biology. PMID:25280665

Urania in the Marketplace: Observatories as Holiday Destinations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rumstay, Kenneth S.

2015-01-01

During the twentieth century astronomical imagery was frequently incorporated, by manufacturers of industrial and consumer goods, into advertisements which appeared in popular magazines in America. The domes and telescopes of major observatories were often featured. In some cases, particularly within the Golden State of California, major astronomical facilities (notably the Lick and Mt. Wilson Observatories) were touted as tourist attractions and were publicized as such by tourist bureaus, railroads, and hotels.A particularly interesting example is provided by the Hotel Vendome in San Jose. With completion of the Lick Observatory (and the 36-inch Great Refractor) in 1887, the local business community felt that the city needed a first-class resort hotel. The architectural firm of Jacob Lenzen & Son was hired to design a grand hotel, comparable to those found in locales such as Monterey and Pasadena. The resulting four-story, 150-room structure cost 250,000, a phenomenal sum in those days. Yet, within just fourteen years, tourist demand led to the construction of a 36-room annex. Of course, a great resort hotel would not be complete without the opportunity for excursion, and the Mt. Hamilton Stage Company offered daily trips to the famous Lick Observatory.Farther south, the Mt. Wilson Observatory began construction of its own hotel in 1905.The original structure was destroyed by fire in 1913, and replaced by a second which was used by visitors until 1966.Early examples of advertisements for these observatories, recalling the heyday of astronomical tourism, are presented. A few more recent ones for Arecibo and Palomar are included for comparison.

THE RETICULATING PHYLOGENY OF ISLAND BIOGEOGRAPHY THEORY

PubMed Central

Lomolino, Mark V.; Brown, James H.

2010-01-01

Biogeographers study all patterns in the geographic variation of life, from the spatial variation in genetic and physiological characteristics of cells and individuals, to the diversity and dynamics of biological communities among continental biotas or across oceanic archipelagoes. The field of island biogeography, in particular, has provided some genuinely transformative insights for the biological sciences, especially ecology and evolutionary biology. Our purpose here is to review the historical development of island biogeography theory during the 20th century by identifying the common threads that run through four sets of contributions made during this period, including those by Eugene Gordon Munroe (1948, 1953), Edward O. Wilson (1959, 1961), Frank W. Preston (1962a,b), and the seminal collaborations between Wilson and Robert H. MacArthur (1963, 1967), which revolutionized the field and served as its paradigm for nearly four decades. This epistemological account not only reviews the intriguing history of island theory, but it also includes fundamental lessons for advancing science through transformative integrations. Indeed, as is likely the case with many disciplines, island theory advanced not as a simple accumulation of facts and an orderly succession of theories and paradigms, but rather in fits and starts through a reticulating phylogeny of ideas and alternating periods of specialization and reintegration. We conclude this review with a summary of the salient features of this scientific revolution in the context of Kuhn’s structure, which strongly influenced theoretical advances during this period, and we then describe some of the fundamental assumptions and tenets of an emerging reintegration of island biogeography theory. PMID:20039528

The Detection of Negative Ions by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-07-11

INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY by George H. Vickers, Daniel A. Wilson, and Gary M. Hieftje Aooesston For Accepted for Publication Dao s...PERSONAL AUTHOR(S) 7’ George H. Vickers, Daniel A. Wilson, and GayYM. Hieftje 13a TYPE OF REPORT 13b. TIME COVERED./ 14. DATE OF REPORT (Year, Month...UNLIMITED 0] AME AS RP’r [] DTC USERS Distribution Unlimited - 22a NAME OF RESPONSIBLE INOIVIDUAL 22b TELEPHONE (Include Area Code) 22c OFFICE SYMBOL Gary M

STS-121 crew visits SSC

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2006-01-01

Astronauts Steve Lindsey (left), Stephanie Wilson, Lisa Nowak and Piers Sellers meet with employees at NASA Stennis Space Center. The crewmembers on NASA's space shuttle mission STS-121, which launched July 4, 2006, thanked SSC's workers for their dedication and safe work history. `We feel blessed that you are a part of the NASA family,' Wilson said. All four expressed gratitude for the reliability of the space shuttle's main engines, which helped propel the STS-121 crew into orbit on their 13-day mission.

High Energy Density Materials

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-03-23

Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 187. [11] G. Schatte, H. Willner, Z. Naturforsch. 1991 , 46b, 483. [12] G. Rasul, G. K. S. Prakash, G. A. Olah, J. Am. Chem. Soc...170. [18] T. Curtius, Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges. 1890, 23, 3023. [19] A. V. Pankratov , N. I. Savenkova, Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. 1968, 13, 1345. [20] K. O...Christe, R. D. Wilson, W. W. Wilson, R. Bau, S. Sukumar, D. A. Dixon, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991 , 113, 3795. [21] K. O. Christe, D. A. Dixon, D. McLemore, W

History of the AFRL/USC DARPA Program on Polynitrogen Chemistry. Volume 2

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-10-01

published by Pyykkoe and Runeberg in 1991 as part of a systematic study of the isoelectronic dicyanamide series, but little emphasis was given to N5+ as...2003, 244, 93. [3] K. O. Christe, R. D. Wilson, W. W. Wilson, R. Bau, S. Sukumar, D. A. Dixon, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991 , 113, 1991 . [4] P...Pyykkoe, N. Runeberg, J. Mol. Struct. (Theochem.) 1991 , 234, 279. [5] R. Rawls, Chem. & Eng. News, Jan. 25 issue, 1999, pg. 7. [6] P. Zurer, Chem

Springback Foam

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1979-01-01

A decade ago, NASA's Ames Research Center developed a new foam material for protective padding of airplane seats. Now known as Temper Foam, the material has become one of the most widely-used spinoffs. Latest application is a line of Temper Foam cushioning produced by Edmont-Wilson, Coshocton, Ohio for office and medical furniture. The example pictured is the Classic Dental Stool, manufactured by Dentsply International, Inc., York, Pennsylvania, one of four models which use Edmont-Wilson Temper Foam. Temper Foam is an open-cell, flameresistant foam with unique qualities.

The Wilson’s Creek Staff Ride and Battlefield Tour

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-03-01

Stands and grid numbers for the staff ride or battlefield tour . . .,........................*...r....l.* 30 vii _I___-.-.--. - BLES rtillery...rn t lving fle. B h eld i lery ively Wilson’s , the armies ielding tal irty- cannons of o calibers (6- g n 12-pound witzers, e st these guns...Visitor’s Center [inside], grid 627076) SE&&ion: The Wilson’s Creek Visit&s Center is a logical place to begin a staff ride or battlefield tour because a

Operation STRANGLE (Italy, Spring 1944): A Case Study of Tactical Air Interdiction

DTIC Science & Technology

1972-02-01

units. General Eaker reported to the new theater coi11Tlander, General Sir Henry Maitland ("Jumbo") Wilson, who had replaced General Eisenhower as...in Italy. The idea of using airpower on a massive scale to smash the German resistance on the I tal ian front was not new. It had been urged by...Brigadier W.G.F. Jackson, then on General Alexander’s staff, re- counts: "Moreover, he [General Alexander] was just as keen as Maitland Wilson [SACMED] to

STS-121 crew visits SSC

NASA Image and Video Library

2006-09-25

Astronauts Steve Lindsey (left), Stephanie Wilson, Lisa Nowak and Piers Sellers meet with employees at NASA Stennis Space Center. The crewmembers on NASA's space shuttle mission STS-121, which launched July 4, 2006, thanked SSC's workers for their dedication and safe work history. `We feel blessed that you are a part of the NASA family,' Wilson said. All four expressed gratitude for the reliability of the space shuttle's main engines, which helped propel the STS-121 crew into orbit on their 13-day mission.

Precipitation Estimation for Military Hydrology.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-04-01

Gage and Radar Methods of Convective Rain Measurement," J Appl Meteorol, 14:909-928 8J. W. Wilson, 1970, "Integration of Radar and Rain Gage Data for...Improved Rainfall Measurement," J Appl Meteorol, 9:489-497 9E. Jatila and T. Puhakka, 1973, "On the Accuracy of Radar Rainfall Measurements...34 J Appl Meteorol, 14:909-928. 8. Wilson, J. W., 1970, "Integration of Radar and Rain Gage Data for Improved Rainfall Measurement," J Appl Meteorol, 9

Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Activity in the Host-Tumor Microenvironment of Ovarian Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-10-01

CONTRACT NUMBER Cancer 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-11-1-0509 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) Dr. Andrew Wilson 5d. PROJECT NUMBER...NGL syngeneic model. OCRP Pilot Project Award 2014. [no appendix entry] - pending 13 CONCLUSIONS The hypothesis to be tested is...Biographical Sketches, each item identified as a ‘reportable outcome’ for this project is included in appendices. 1. AJ Wilson, H-J Lee, WJ Barham, L Chen

Higher rank ABJM Wilson loops from matrix models

DOE PAGES

Cookmeyer, Jonathan; Liu, James T.; Pando Zayas, Leopoldo A.

2016-11-21

We compute the vacuum expectation values of 1/6 supersymmetric Wilson loops in higher dimensional representations of the gauge group in ABJM theory. We then present results for the m-symmetric and m-antisymmetric representations by exploiting standard matrix model techniques. At leading order, in the saddle point approximation, our expressions reproduce holographic results from both D6 and D2 branes corresponding to the antisymmetric and symmetric representations, respectively. We also compute 1/N corrections to the leading saddle point results.

A high-resolution aeromagnetic survey over the Lanterman Range, northern Victoria Land, Antarctica

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ruppel, Antonia; Läufer, Andreas; Crispini, Laura; Capponi, Giovanni; Lisker, Frank

2017-04-01

During the GANOVEX XI (German North Victoria Land Expedition) in 2015-16, a high-resolution aeromagnetic survey was carried out over the Lanterman Range in northern Victoria Land (NVL). The helicopter-based survey aimed to resolve the fine structure over the so-called Lanterman Suture Zone, which represents one of the main key areas regarding geodynamic evolution of NVL during the Early Palaeozoic Ross Orogeny. This was achieved by reducing the flight line spacing to 1-2 km with 10 km tie lines and flying in a terrain-following mode. The survey was completed by ground truth magnetic susceptibility readings by using a Kappameter KM-7. The Ross-aged basement of NVL is subdivided into three tectonometamorphic so-called "terranes", comprising from W to E the Wilson-, the Bowers- and the Robertson Bay Terrane. They are generally interpreted to have formed by accretion processes at the Palaeo-Pacific active continental margin of East Gondwana in the Cambrian and Ordovician. The survey over the Lanterman Range covered parts of the two western terranes, namely the Wilson and Bowers terranes, which are separated by the Lanterman Fault Zone. This polyphase tectonic discontinuity is characterized by a belt of mafic and ultramafic rocks comprising metabasites with eclogite-facies relicts. Preliminary results show two distinct and nearly parallel magnetic lineaments in the survey area that will be further interpreted by combined magnetic susceptibility measurements and geological field data. One magnetic lineament correlates well with the known boundary between the Wilson and Bowers terranes, which comprises also a metaconglomerate belt with mafic to ultramafic clasts. The second, further easterly magnetic lineament is so far not supported by outcrops of associated highly magnetic rocks in the field. Similar parallel structures have been observed further to the southeast and seem to be offset by a major sinistral strike-slip fault zone of possibly post-Jurassic age. One tentative interpretation of this extensive, strongly linear, and about 50-60 km long magnetic feature could be that it represents remnants of the subducted Palaeo-Pacific slab underlying the Bowers/Robertson Bay terrane boundary. Future modeling of the data set will help to identify the specific nature and origin of the observed anomalies and their geodynamic significance with regard to Ross-orogenic geodynamics.

Elemental analysis of sunflower cataract in Wilson's disease: a study using scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy.

PubMed

Jang, Hyo Ju; Kim, Joon Mo; Choi, Chul Young

2014-04-01

Signature ophthalmic characteristics of Wilson's disease (WD) are regarded as diagnostically important manifestations of the disease. Previous studies have proved the common occurrence of copper accumulation in the liver of patients with WD. However, in the case of sunflower cataracts, one of the rare diagnostic signs of WD, no study has demonstrated copper accumulation in the lens capsules of sunflower cataracts in WD patients. To investigate the nanostructure and elemental composition of sunflower cataracts in WD, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was done on the capsulorhexised anterior lens capsule of sunflower cataracts in WD in order to evaluate anatomical variation and elemental changes. We utilized energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to investigate the elemental composition of the lens capsule using both point and mapping spectroscopy. Quantitative analysis was performed for relative comparison of the elements. TEM showed the presence of granular deposits of varying size (20-350 nm), appearing mainly in the posterior one third of the anterior capsule. The deposits appeared in linear patterns with scattered dots. There were no electron-dense particles in the epithelial cell layer of the lens. Copper and sulfur peaks were consistently revealed in electron-dense granular deposits. In contrast, copper and sulfur peaks were absent in other tissues, including granule-free lens capsules and epithelial tissue. Most copper was exclusively located in clusters of electron-dense particles, and the copper distribution overlapped with sulfur on mapping spectroscopy. Quantitative analysis presented inconsistent ratios of copper to sulfur in each electron-dense granule. The mean ratio of copper to sulfur was about 3.25 (with a range of 2.39-3.78). This is the first elemental analysis of single electron particles in sunflower cataracts using EDS in the ophthalmic area. Sunflower cataracts with WD are assumed to be the result of accumulation of heterogeneous compounds composed of several materials, including copper, sulfur, and/or copper-binding proteins. Linear patterns of copper and sulfur deposition were detected in various sizes and composition ratios with these elements in cases of WD. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A study of oxidative stress, cytokines and glutamate in Wilson disease and their asymptomatic siblings.

PubMed

Kalita, Jayantee; Kumar, Vijay; Misra, Usha K; Ranjan, Abhay; Khan, Hamidullah; Konwar, Rituraj

2014-09-15

Free copper in Wilson disease (WD) is toxic and may reduce antioxidant, increase oxidative stress marker and thereby cytokine release and excitotoxic injury, but there is paucity of studies in humans. We report oxidative stress markers, cytokines and glutamate in neurologic WD and correlate these with their clinical severity, laboratory findings and extent of Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes. 29 patients with neurologic WD and 9 asymptomatic WD siblings were included and their clinical, treatment history, disease severity, biochemical findings and MRI changes were noted. Glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malonodialdehyde (MDA) were measured by spectrophotometer, cytokines by cytokine bead array and glutamate by the fluorometer. In WD patients, the glutathione (mean±SEM, 2.20±0.06 vs. 2.73±0.04mg/dl, P<0.001) and TAC (1.70±0.03 vs. 2.29±0.02 Trolox_Eq_mmol/l, P<0.001) were reduced, and MDA and glutamate (23.93±0.54 vs. 19.96±0.27μmol/l; P<0.001) were increased (4.7±0.11 vs. 3.03±0.52nmol/ml, P<0.001) compared to controls. The serum IL6 {median (IQRs), 9.42(10.92) vs. 5.2(5.34) pg/ml; P=0.001}, IL8 {12.37(10.92) vs. 5.63(5.52) pg/ml; P<0.001}, IL10 {8.33(8.3) vs. 2.05(1.37) pg/ml; P=0.001} and TNFα {6.14(8.95) vs. 3.61(3.58) pg/ml; P<0.001} were also increased in WD patients compared to controls. These changes were more marked in the neurologic WD compared to asymptomatic WD and in the untreated compared to treated patients. TAC correlated with duration of illness, serum free copper, 24hour urinary copper and serum ceruloplasmin, and glutamate with MDA, TNFα, ceruloplasmin and 24-hour urinary copper. In WD patients, antioxidants are reduced and MDA, cytokines and glutamate are increased which are more marked in symptomatic neurologic WD than asymptomatic patients. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Schwarzschild radius from Monte Carlo calculation of the Wilson loop in supersymmetric matrix quantum mechanics.

PubMed

Hanada, Masanori; Miwa, Akitsugu; Nishimura, Jun; Takeuchi, Shingo

2009-05-08

In the string-gauge duality it is important to understand how the space-time geometry is encoded in gauge theory observables. We address this issue in the case of the D0-brane system at finite temperature T. Based on the duality, the temporal Wilson loop W in gauge theory is expected to contain the information of the Schwarzschild radius RSch of the dual black hole geometry as log(W)=RSch/(2pialpha'T). This translates to the power-law behavior log(W)=1.89(T/lambda 1/3)-3/5, where lambda is the 't Hooft coupling constant. We calculate the Wilson loop on the gauge theory side in the strongly coupled regime by performing Monte Carlo simulations of supersymmetric matrix quantum mechanics with 16 supercharges. The results reproduce the expected power-law behavior up to a constant shift, which is explainable as alpha' corrections on the gravity side. Our conclusion also demonstrates manifestly the fuzzball picture of black holes.

Subtracting infrared renormalons from Wilson coefficients: Uniqueness and power dependences on ΛQCD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mishima, Go; Sumino, Yukinari; Takaura, Hiromasa

2017-06-01

In the context of operator product expansion (OPE) and using the large-β0 approximation, we propose a method to define Wilson coefficients free from uncertainties due to IR renormalons. We first introduce a general observable X (Q2) with an explicit IR cutoff, and then we extract a genuine UV contribution XUV as a cutoff-independent part. XUV includes power corrections ˜(ΛQCD2/Q2)n which are independent of renormalons. Using the integration-by-regions method, we observe that XUV coincides with the leading Wilson coefficient in OPE and also clarify that the power corrections originate from UV region. We examine scheme dependence of XUV and single out a specific scheme favorable in terms of analytical properties. Our method would be optimal with respect to systematicity, analyticity and stability. We test our formulation with the examples of the Adler function, QCD force between Q Q ¯, and R -ratio in e+e- collision.

Sivers and Boer-Mulders observables from lattice QCD.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

B.U. Musch, Ph. Hagler, M. Engelhardt, J.W. Negele, A. Schafer

We present a first calculation of transverse momentum dependent nucleon observables in dynamical lattice QCD employing non-local operators with staple-shaped, 'process-dependent' Wilson lines. The use of staple-shaped Wilson lines allows us to link lattice simulations to TMD effects determined from experiment, and in particular to access non-universal, naively time-reversal odd TMD observables. We present and discuss results for the generalized Sivers and Boer-Mulders transverse momentum shifts for the SIDIS and DY cases. The effect of staple-shaped Wilson lines on T-even observables is studied for the generalized tensor charge and a generalized transverse shift related to the worm gear function g{submore » 1}T. We emphasize the dependence of these observables on the staple extent and the Collins-Soper evolution parameter. Our numerical calculations use an n{sub f} = 2+1 mixed action scheme with domain wall valence fermions on an Asqtad sea and pion masses 369 MeV as well as 518 MeV.« less

The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD): A Resource for Comparative Toxicological Studies

PubMed Central

CJ, Mattingly; MC, Rosenstein; GT, Colby; JN, Forrest; JL, Boyer

2006-01-01

The etiology of most chronic diseases involves interactions between environmental factors and genes that modulate important biological processes (Olden and Wilson, 2000). We are developing the publicly available Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) to promote understanding about the effects of environmental chemicals on human health. CTD identifies interactions between chemicals and genes and facilitates cross-species comparative studies of these genes. The use of diverse animal models and cross-species comparative sequence studies has been critical for understanding basic physiological mechanisms and gene and protein functions. Similarly, these approaches will be valuable for exploring the molecular mechanisms of action of environmental chemicals and the genetic basis of differential susceptibility. PMID:16902965

Parallel gene analysis with allele-specific padlock probes and tag microarrays

PubMed Central

Banér, Johan; Isaksson, Anders; Waldenström, Erik; Jarvius, Jonas; Landegren, Ulf; Nilsson, Mats

2003-01-01

Parallel, highly specific analysis methods are required to take advantage of the extensive information about DNA sequence variation and of expressed sequences. We present a scalable laboratory technique suitable to analyze numerous target sequences in multiplexed assays. Sets of padlock probes were applied to analyze single nucleotide variation directly in total genomic DNA or cDNA for parallel genotyping or gene expression analysis. All reacted probes were then co-amplified and identified by hybridization to a standard tag oligonucleotide array. The technique was illustrated by analyzing normal and pathogenic variation within the Wilson disease-related ATP7B gene, both at the level of DNA and RNA, using allele-specific padlock probes. PMID:12930977

Comparison of Atmospheric Deposition Among Three Sites In and Near the Flat Tops Wilderness Area, Colorado, 2003-2005

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ingersoll, George P.; Campbell, Donald H.; Mast, M. Alisa

2008-01-01

Atmospheric deposition was monitored for ammonium, nitrate, and sulfate concentrations and precipitation amounts in the Flat Tops Wilderness Area of northwestern Colorado at Ned Wilson Lake beginning in 1984 to detect changes that might result from future emissions associated with development of oil-shale resources in northwestern Colorado. Renewed monitoring, by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Rio Blanco County, to determine the current status of atmospheric deposition has been ongoing since 2003 at Ned Wilson Lake. Two new monitoring sites were located near Ripple Creek Pass near the Flat Tops Wilderness area and about 12 kilometers north of Ned Wilson Lake because access to the area near Ripple Creek Pass is less difficult and less expensive, particularly in winter and spring. The intent of this study was to establish whether the new deposition data being collected near Ripple Creek Pass, near the northern boundary of the Flat Tops Wilderness Area, would be representative of deposition at sensitive sites within the wilderness such as Ned Wilson Lake and to compare more current (2003 through 2005) deposition data with earlier data (1984 through 1991). At Ned Wilson Lake, bulk ammonium and nitrate concentrations collected from 1984 through 1991 were similar to those from 2003 through 2005. However, in the same comparison significant differences in sulfate concentrations were observed, indicating a decrease consistent with other regional findings for similar periods. Comparison of concentrations of constituents at two bulk-deposition sites located at Ned Wilson Lake (NWLB) and near Ripple Creek Pass (RCPB) showed only one significant difference (p = 0.05) with the winter bulk nitrate concentrations for NWLB significantly lower than winter concentrations from RCPB. Another comparison of concentrations of constituents between the bulk deposition site RCPB and a wet deposition site 100 meters away (RCPW) showed no significant differences for concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, and sulfate for both the winter and summer comparisons. While results indicate many similarities in concentrations of constituents and in seasonal variability in those concentrations, they are based on a short period of study. Precipitation amounts from RCPB were less than the amounts collected at NWLB, and precipitation amounts from RCPW were less than the amounts collected at RCPB. Although RCPB may not be a perfect replacement site for NWLB, it may be similar enough to represent atmospheric deposition in areas of the Flat Tops Wilderness of northwestern Colorado.

Flynn Creek Impact Structure: New Insights from Breccias, Melt Features, Shatter Cones, and Remote Sensing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Evenick, J. C.; Lee, P.; Deane, B.

2004-01-01

The Flynn Creek impact structure is located in Tennessee, USA (36 deg.17 min.N, 85 deg.40 min.W). The structure was first mapped as a crypto-volcanic by Wilson and Born in 1936 [1]. Although they did not properly identify the stratigraphy within the crater or the causal mechanism, they did correctly define the horizontal extent of the crater. More detailed surface and subsurface research by Roddy (1979) accurately described the crater as being an impact structure with a diameter of 3.8 km. It formed around 360 Ma, which corresponds to the interval between the deposition of the Nashville Group and the Chattanooga Shale. Although there is limited rock outcrop in the area, there are exposed surface faults, folds, and large outcrops of impact breccia within the crater.

On the zero-crossing of the three-gluon Green's function from lattice simulations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Athenodorou, Andreas; Boucaud, Philippe; de Soto, Feliciano

We report on some efforts recently made in order to gain a better understanding of some IR properties of the 3-point gluon Green’s function by exploiting results from large-volume quenched lattice simulations. These lattice results have been obtained by using both tree-level Symanzik and the standard Wilson action, in the aim of assessing the possible impact of effects presumably resulting from a particular choice for the discretization of the action. The main resulting feature is the existence of a negative log-aritmic divergence at zero-momentum, which pulls the 3-gluon form factors down at low momenta and, consequently, yields a zero-crossing atmore » a given deep IR momentum. The results can be correctly explained by analyzing the relevant Dyson-Schwinger equations and appropriate truncation schemes.« less

Phase of the Wilson line at high temperature in the standard model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Korthals Altes, C.P.; Lee, K.; Pisarski, R.D.

1994-09-26

We compute the effective potential for the phase of the Wilson line at high temperature in the standard model to one-loop order. Besides the trivial vacua, there are metastable states in the direction of U(1) hypercharge. Assuming that the Universe starts out in such a metastable state at the Planck scale, it easily persists to the time of the electroweak phase transition, which then proceeds by an unusual mechanism. All remnants of the metastable state evaporate about the time of the QCD phase transition.

Golf Aerodynamics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1995-01-01

A former Martin Marietta Manned Space Systems engineer, Robert T. Thurman went from analyzing airloads on the Space Shuttle External Tank to analyzing airloads on golf balls for Wilson Sporting Goods Company. Using his NASA know-how, Thurman designed the Ultra 500 golf ball, which has three different-sized dimples in 60 triangular faces (instead of the usual 20) formed by a series of intersecting "parting" lines. This balances the asymmetry caused by the molding line in all golf balls. According to Wilson, the ball sustains initial velocity longer and produces the most stable ball flight for "unmatched" accuracy and distance.

Neutron Diffraction Studies of the Atomic Vibrations of Bulk and Surface Atoms of Nanocrystalline SiC

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stelmakh, S.; Grzanka, E.; Zhao, Y.; Palosz, W.; Palosz, B.

2004-01-01

Thermal atomic motions of nanocrystalline Sic were characterized by two temperature atomic factors B(sub core), and B(sub shell). With the use of wide angle neutron diffraction data it was shown that at the diffraction vector above 15A(exp -1) the Wilson plots gives directly the temperature factor of the grain interior (B(sub core)). At lower Q values the slope of the Wilson plot provides information on the relative amplitudes of vibrations of the core and shell atoms.

Antisymmetric Wilson loops in N = 4 SYM beyond the planar limit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gordon, James

2018-01-01

We study the 1/2 -BPS circular Wilson loop in the totally antisymmetric representation of the gauge group in N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills. This observable is captured by a Gaussian matrix model with appropriate insertion. We compute the first 1 /N correction at leading order in 't Hooft coupling by means of the matrix model loop equations. Disagreement with the 1-loop effective action of the holographically dual D5-brane suggests the need to account for gravitational backreaction on the string theory side.

Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Excimer Laser Keratorefractive Surgery in U.S. Army Soldiers using the latest Battlefield Technologies

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-04-01

effect prevailed for low contrast VA. The results are consistent with a greater impact of higher order aberrations in LASIK vs . PRK , the impact of which...Mar;28(3):462-76 Surface ablation protocol: Ambrosio R Jr, Wilson S. LASIK vs . LASEK vs . PRK : advantages and indications. Semin Ophthalmol...RB. Follow-up study on vision health readiness in the military. Mil Med 2003;168:789–91. 4. Ambrosio R Jr, Wilson S. LASIK vs . LASEK vs . PRK

Olin C. Wilson (1909-1994)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Preston, George W.

1995-02-01

Congenial, fiercely independent, and firmly grounded in the virtues of experimental science, Olin Wilson was a canny practitioner of the art of the possible in observational astrophysics as it flourished in the middle of the 20th century. He enjoyed a long association with the Astronomical Society of the Pacific as a contributor to its Publications, as President of the Society, and as recipient of its Catherine Wolfe Bruce Medal. By the time he departed, stellar astrophysics had matured and had acquired new dimensions due to Olin's diligence and curiosity. (SECTION: Obituary)

Geodetic Survey Coordinates to Support Global Positioning System Tests at Yuma Proving Grounds Arizona

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-10-01

17’ 34V51 DISTANCE 11590.013 m SITE 9 DISC SITE 7 DISC SITE 9 DISC «; TTE 12 DISC 14937.421 m PAD ^,DOME ^ _"_’ - --^CONCRET t...air from either San Diego or Long Beach. To reach the station from the Operations Building at the Naval Undersea Center in Wilson Cove, drive...Operations Building at the Naval Undersea Center In Wilson Cove, drive southeast along the road for about one block. Cross the main road ,jnd proceed south

[Wilson's principles--a base of modern teratology].

PubMed

Burdan, Franciszek; Bełzek, Artur; Szumiło, Justyna; Dudka, Jarosław; Korobowicz, Agnieszka; Tokarska, Edyta; Klepacz, Lidia; Bełzek, Marta; Klepacz, Robert

2006-03-01

Wilson's principles were formulated after thalidomide tragedy. They become a fundamental for teratological studies with drugs and other factors that may disturb fetal development. It is postulated that susceptibility to teratogen depends on the genotype and developmental stage of the conceptus. Teratogenic agents act in specific manner on developing cells and tissues. The exposition depends on the agent's nature and availability. Manifestations of deviant development depends on the dosage and exposure frequency. In case of abnormal development the final manifestations include death of embryo or fetus, malformation, growth retardation and functional disorder.

HgCdTe Surface and Defect Study Program.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-03-01

different potential for Hg and Cd and hence be reflected in the electronic structure. The techniques of PES and ARPES available to our research group ...D-A166 795 HOME SURFCE ND DEFECT STUDY PROQRN(U) SATA / BARBRA RESEARCH CENTER GOLETA CALXF J A WILSON ET AL. USI FE MAR 86 SBRC-60411 ND93-63-C...0168 FO2/2 N L6 ILO 1.5 1. 11111 .6 .ICnrnp CHR HgCdTo SURFACE AND DEFECT STUDY PROGRAM J. A. Wilson and V. A. Cotton Santa Barbara Research Center

Symmetric Anderson impurity model: Magnetic susceptibility, specific heat and Wilson ratio

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zalom, Peter; Pokorný, Vladislav; Janiš, Václav

2018-05-01

We extend the spin-polarized effective-interaction approximation of the parquet renormalization scheme from Refs. [1,2] applied on the symmetric Anderson model by adding the low-temperature asymptotics of the total energy and the specific heat. We calculate numerically the Wilson ratio and determine analytically its asymptotic value in the strong-coupling limit. We demonstrate in this way that the exponentially small Kondo scale from the strong-coupling regime emerges in qualitatively the same way in the spectral function, magnetic susceptibility and the specific heat.

Hepatic Sarcodosis presenting as portal hypertension in a young boy.

PubMed

Achakzai, Inamullah Khan; Majid, Zain; Khalid, Muhammad Ali; Khan, Shoaib Ahmed; Laeeq, Syed Mudassir; Luck, Nasir Hassan

2018-01-01

A 13-year-old boy, known case renal stone disease came with the complaints of abdominal pain along with low grade fever. On examination, hepatosplenomegaly was noted while his lab reports showed a low hemoglobulin with a raised ESR. His blood and urine cultures showed no growth. Viral markers, autoimmune profile, C and p ANCA were all negative apart from a raised serum IgG level. Ultrasound abdomen showed a hyperechoic liver with an enlarged spleen along with splenic varices and minimum ascites. Ultrasound hepatic doppler was normal. Serum AFP levels were normal while workup for Wilson's disease was negative. Fibroscan showed F4 fibosis. CT scan abdomen showed an enlarged left lobe of the liver along with an enlarged spleen. His EGD revealed varices. So liver biopsy was done that was suggestive of chronic granulomatous disease with ZN stain testing negative for TB.PPD, urine for AFB were both negative. Serum ACE levels were raised. He started ATT therapy but his condition did not improve. So, on the suspicion of hepatic sarcoidosis, he started on steroids and had a drastic improvement in his condition.

Investigating the influence of standard staining procedures on the copper distribution and concentration in Wilson's disease liver samples by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.

PubMed

Hachmöller, Oliver; Aichler, Michaela; Schwamborn, Kristina; Lutz, Lisa; Werner, Martin; Sperling, Michael; Walch, Axel; Karst, Uwe

2017-12-01

The influence of rhodanine and haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining on the copper distribution and concentration in liver needle biopsy samples originating from patients with Wilson's disease (WD), a rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder of the copper metabolism, is investigated. In contemporary diagnostic of WD, rhodanine staining is used for histopathology, since rhodanine and copper are forming a red to orange-red complex, which can be recognized in the liver tissue using a microscope. In this paper, a laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) method is applied for the analysis of eight different WD liver samples. Apart from a spatially resolved elemental detection as qualitative information, this LA-ICP-MS method offers also quantitative information by external calibration with matrix-matched gelatine standards. The sample set of this work included an unstained and a rhodanine stained section of each WD liver sample. While unstained sections of WD liver samples showed very distinct structures of the copper distribution with high copper concentrations, rhodanine stained sections revealed a blurred copper distribution with significant decreased concentrations in a range from 20 to more than 90%. This implies a copper removal from the liver tissue by complexation during the rhodanine staining. In contrast to this, a further HE stained sample of one WD liver sample did not show a significant decrease in the copper concentration and influence on the copper distribution in comparison to the unstained section. Therefore, HE staining can be combined with the analysis by means of LA-ICP-MS in two successive steps from one thin section of a biopsy specimen. This allows further information to be gained on the elemental distribution by LA-ICP-MS additional to results obtained by histological staining. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Age-dependent changes of cerebral copper metabolism in Atp7b -/- knockout mouse model of Wilson's disease by [64Cu]CuCl2-PET/CT.

PubMed

Xie, Fang; Xi, Yin; Pascual, Juan M; Muzik, Otto; Peng, Fangyu

2017-06-01

Copper is a nutritional metal required for brain development and function. Wilson's disease (WD), or hepatolenticular degeneration, is an inherited human copper metabolism disorder caused by a mutation of the ATP7B gene. Many WD patients present with variable neurological and psychiatric symptoms, which may be related to neurodegeneration secondary to copper metabolism imbalance. The objective of this study was to explore the feasibility and use of copper-64 chloride ([ 64 C]CuCl 2 ) as a tracer for noninvasive assessment of age-dependent changes of cerebral copper metabolism in WD using an Atp7b -/- knockout mouse model of WD and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging. Continuing from our recent study of biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of [ 64 C]CuCl 2 in Atp7b -/- knockout mice, PET quantitative analysis revealed low 64 Cu radioactivity in the brains of Atp7b -/- knockout mice at 7th weeks of age, compared with 64 Cu radioactivity in the brains of age- and gender-matched wild type C57BL/6 mice, at 24 h (h) post intravenous injection of [ 64 C]CuCl 2 as a tracer. Furthermore, age-dependent increase of 64 Cu radioactivity was detected in the brains of Atp7b -/- knockout mice from the 13th to 21th weeks of age, based on the data derived from a longitudinal [ 64 C]CuCl 2 -PET/CT study of Atp7b -/- knockout mice with orally administered [ 64 Cu]CuCl 2 as a tracer. The findings of this study support clinical use of [ 64 Cu]CuCl 2 -PET/CT imaging as a tool for noninvasive assessment of age-dependent changes of cerebral copper metabolism in WD patients presenting with variable neurological and psychiatric symptoms.

Evolution of Exchangeable Copper and Relative Exchangeable Copper through the Course of Wilson's Disease in the Long Evans Cinnamon Rat

PubMed Central

Schmitt, Françoise; Podevin, Guillaume; Poupon, Joël; Roux, Jérôme; Legras, Pierre; Trocello, Jean-Marc; Woimant, France; Laprévote, Olivier; NGuyen, Tuan Huy; Balkhi, Souleiman El

2013-01-01

Background Wilson's disease (WD) is an inherited disorder of copper metabolism leading to liver failure and/or neurological impairment. Its diagnosis often remains difficult even with genetic testing. Relative exchangeable copper (REC) has recently been described as a reliable serum diagnostic marker for WD. Methodology/Principal Findings The aim of this study was to validate the use of REC in the Long Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rat, an animal model for WD, and to study its relevance under different conditions in comparison with conventional markers. Two groups of LEC rats and one group of Long-Evans (LE) rats were clinically and biologically monitored from 6 to 28 weeks of age. One group of LEC rats was given copper-free food. The other groups had normal food. Blood samples were collected each month and different serum markers for WD (namely ceruloplasmin oxidase activity, exchangeable copper (CuEXC), total serum copper and REC) and acute liver failure (serum transaminases and bilirubinemia) were tested. Every LEC rat under normal food developed acute liver failure (ALF), with 40% global mortality. Serum transaminases and bilirubinemia along with total serum copper and exchangeable copper levels increased with the onset of acute liver failure. A correlation was observed between CuEXC values and the severity of ALF. Cut-off values were different between young and adult rats and evolved because of age and/or liver failure. Only REC, with values >19%, was able to discriminate LEC groups from the LE control group at every time point in the study. REC sensitivity and specificity reached 100% in adults rats. Conclusions/Significance REC appears to be independent of demographic or clinical data in LEC rats. It is a very simple and reliable blood test for the diagnosis of copper toxicosis owing to a lack of ATP7B function. CuEXC can be used as an accurate biomarker of copper overload. PMID:24358170

A Review of Quality of Life after Predictive Testing for and Earlier Identification of Neurodegenerative Diseases

PubMed Central

Paulsen, Jane S.; Nance, Martha; Kim, Ji-In; Carlozzi, Noelle E.; Panegyres, Peter K.; Erwin, Cheryl; Goh, Anita; McCusker, Elizabeth; Williams, Janet K.

2013-01-01

The past decade has witnessed an explosion of evidence suggesting that many neurodegenerative diseases can be detected years, if not decades, earlier than previously thought. To date, these scientific advances have not provoked any parallel translational or clinical improvements. There is an urgency to capitalize on this momentum so earlier detection of disease can be more readily translated into improved health-related quality of life for families at risk for, or suffering with, neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measurement in neurodegenerative diseases and the importance of these “patient reported outcomes” for all clinical research. Next, we address HRQOL following early identification or predictive genetic testing in some neurodegenerative diseases: Huntington disease, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Dementia with Lewy bodies, frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, prion diseases, hereditary ataxias, Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy and Wilson's disease. After a brief report of available direct-to-consumer genetic tests, we address the juxtaposition of earlier disease identification with assumed reluctance towards predictive genetic testing. Forty-one studies examining health related outcomes following predictive genetic testing for neurodegenerative disease suggested that (a) extreme or catastrophic outcomes are rare; (b) consequences commonly include transiently increased anxiety and/or depression; (c) most participants report no regret; (d) many persons report extensive benefits to receiving genetic information; and (e) stigmatization and discrimination for genetic diseases are poorly understood and policy and laws are needed. Caution is appropriate for earlier identification of neurodegenerative diseases but findings suggest further progress is safe, feasible and likely to advance clinical care. PMID:24036231

Finite-Difference Time-Domain Modeling of Infrasonic Waves Generated by Supersonic Auroral Arcs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pasko, V. P.

2010-12-01

Atmospheric infrasonic waves are acoustic waves with frequencies ranging from ˜0.02 to ˜10 Hz [e.g., Blanc, Ann. Geophys., 3, 673, 1985]. The importance of infrasound studies has been emphasized in the past ten years from the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty verification perspective [e.g., Le Pichon et al., JGR, 114, D08112, 2009]. A proper understanding of infrasound propagation in the atmosphere is required for identification and classification of different infrasonic waves and their sources [Drob et al., JGR, 108, D21, 4680, 2003]. In the present work we employ a FDTD model of infrasound propagation in a realistic atmosphere to provide quantitative interpretation of infrasonic waves produced by auroral arcs moving with supersonic speed. We have recently applied similar modeling approaches for studies of infrasonic waves generated from thunderstorms [e.g., Few, Handbook of Atmospheric Electrodynamics, H. Volland (ed.), Vol. 2, pp.1-31, CRC Press, 1995], quantitative interpretation of infrasonic signatures from pulsating auroras [Wilson et al., GRL, 32, L14810, 2005], and studies of infrasonic waves generated by transient luminous events in the middle atmosphere termed sprites [e.g., Farges, Lightning: Principles, Instruments and Applications, H.D. Betz et al. (eds.), Ch.18, Springer, 2009]. The related results have been reported in [Pasko, JGR, 114, D08205, 2009], [de Larquier et al., GRL, 37, L06804, 2010], and [de Larquier, MS Thesis, Penn State, Aug. 2010], respectively. In the FDTD model, the altitude and frequency dependent attenuation coefficients provided by Sutherland and Bass [J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 115, 1012, 2004] are included in classical equations of acoustics in a gravitationally stratified atmosphere using a decomposition technique recently proposed by de Groot-Hedlin [J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 124, 1430, 2008]. The auroral infrasonic waves (AIW) in the frequency range 0.1-0.01 Hz associated with the supersonic motion of auroral arcs have been extensively studied for over four decades [e.g., Wilson and Nichparenko, Nature, 214, 1299, 1967; Wilson, JGR, 74, 1813,1969; JGR, 77, 1820, 1972; JATP, 37, 973, 1975; Inframatics, (10), 1, 2005]. The Lorentz force and Joule heating are discussed in the existing literature as primary sources producing infrasound waves associated with auroral electrojet [Chimonas and Hines, Planet. Space Sci., 18, 565, 1970; Chimonas and Peltier, Planet. Space Sci., 18, 599, 1970; Wilson, 1972; Swift, JGR, 78, 8305, 1973; Wilson et al., Planet. Space Sci., 24, 1155, 1976; Chimonas, JATP, 39, 799, 1977; Brekke, JATP, 41, 475, 1979]. We emphasize that up to now no quantitative multi-dimensional modeling of infrasound generation and propagation in a realistic atmosphere in association with supersonic auroras has been conducted. Results indicate, in particular, that a body force ˜10-8 N/m3 acting in the electrojet volume with cross-sectional area 10 km by 10 km is fully sufficient to produce the observed pressure perturbations on the ground ˜0.2 Pa (2 dynes/cm2) [Wilson, 1969]. We will report quantitative modeling of complex infrasonic waveforms including direct shock and reflected shockwaves, which are refracted back to the earth by the thermosphere [Wilson, 1969].

Common founder effects of hereditary hemochromatosis, Wilson´s disease, the long QT syndrome and autosomal recessive deafness caused by two novel mutations in the WHRN and TMC1 genes.

PubMed

Olsson, K Sigvard; Wålinder, Olof; Jansson, Ulf; Wilbe, Maria; Bondeson, Marie-Louise; Stattin, Eva-Lena; Raha-Chowdhury, Ruma; Williams, Roger

2017-01-01

Genealogy and molecular genetic studies of a Swedish river valley population resulted in a large pedigree, showing that the hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) HFE/p. C282Y mutation is inherited with other recessive disorders such as Wilson´s disease (WND), a rare recessive disorder of copper overload. The population also contain individuals with the Swedish long QT syndrome (LQTS1) founder mutation ( KCNQ1 /p.Y111C) which in homozygotes causes the Jervell & Lange Nielsen syndrome (JLNS) and hearing loss (HL).Aims of the study were to test whether the Swedish long QT founder mutation originated in an ancestral HFE family and if carriers had an increased risk for hemochromatosis (HH), a treatable disorder. We also aimed to identify the pathogenic mutation causing the hearing loss disorder segregating in the pedigree. LQTS patients were asked about their ancestry and possible origin in a HH family. They were also offered a predictive testing for the HFE genotype. Church books were screened for families with hearing loss. One HH family had two members with hearing loss, who underwent molecular genetic analysis of the LQTS founder mutation, connexin 26 and thereafter exome sequencing. Another family with hearing loss in repeat generations was also analyzed for connexin 26 and underwent exome sequencing. Of nine LQTS patients studied, four carried a HFE mutation (two p.C282Y, two p.H63D), none was homozygous. Three LQTS patients confirmed origin in a female founder ( b 1694, identical to AJ b 1694, a HFE pedigree member from the Fax river. Her descent of 44 HH families, included also 29 families with hearing loss (HL) suggesting JLNS. Eleven LQTS probands confirmed origin in a second founder couple (b 1614/1605) in which the woman b 1605 was identical to a HFE pedigree member from the Fjällsjö river. In her descent there were not only 64 HH, six WND families, one JLNS, but also 48 hearing loss families. Most hearing loss was non syndromic and caused by founder effects of the late 16 th century. One was of Swedish origin carrying the WHRN, c.1977delC, (p.S660Afs*30) mutation, the other was a TMC1 (NM_138691),c.1814T>C,(p.L605P) mutation, possibly of Finnish origin. Deep human HFE genealogies show HFE to be associated with other genetic disorders like Wilson´s disease, LQTS, JLNS, and autosomal recessive hearing loss. Two new homozygous HL mutations in WHRN /p.S660Afs*30 and TMC1/ p.L605P were identified,none of them previously reported from Scandinavia. The rarity of JLNS was possibly caused by miscarriage or intrauterine death. Most hearing loss (81.7%) was seen after 1844 when first cousin marriages were permitted. However, only 10 (10.3%) came from 1 st cousin unions and only 2 (2.0 %) was born out of wedlock.

Genetic variation and seasonal migratory connectivity in Wilson's warblers (Wilsonia pusilla): species-level differences in nuclear DNA between western and eastern populations.

PubMed

Irwin, Darren E; Irwin, Jessica H; Smith, Thomas B

2011-08-01

There is growing interest in understanding patterns of seasonal migratory connectivity between breeding and wintering sites, both because differences in migratory behaviour can be associated with population differentiation and because knowledge of migratory connectivity is essential for understanding the ecology, evolution and conservation of migratory species. We present the first broad survey of geographic variation in the nuclear genome of breeding and wintering Wilson's warblers (Wilsonia pusilla), which have previously served as a research system for the study of whether genetic markers and isotopes can reveal patterns of migratory connectivity. Using 153 samples surveyed at up to 257 variable amplified fragment length polymorphism markers, we show that Wilson's warblers consist of highly distinct western and eastern breeding groups, with all winter samples grouping with the western breeding group. Within the west, there is weak geographic differentiation, at a level insufficient for use in the assignment of wintering samples to specific areas. The distinctiveness of western and eastern genetic groups, with no known intermediates, strongly suggests that these two groups are cryptic species. Analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence variation shows that the estimated coalescence time between western and eastern clades is approximately 2.3 Ma, a surprisingly old time of divergence that is more typical of distinct species than of subspecies. Given their morphological similarity but strong genetic differences, western and eastern Wilson's warblers present a likely case of association between divergence in migratory behaviour and the process of speciation. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Comments on higher rank Wilson loops in N = 2∗

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, James T.; Zayas, Leopoldo A. Pando; Zhou, Shan

2018-01-01

For N = 2∗ theory with U( N ) gauge group we evaluate expectation values of Wilson loops in representations described by a rectangular Young tableau with n rows and k columns. The evaluation reduces to a two-matrix model and we explain, using a combination of numerical and analytical techniques, the general properties of the eigen-value distributions in various regimes of parameters ( N, λ , n, k) where λ is the 't Hooft coupling. In the large N limit we present analytic results for the leading and sub-leading contributions. In the particular cases of only one row or one column we reproduce previously known results for the totally symmetry and totally antisymmetric representations. We also extensively discusss the N = 4 limit of the N = 2∗ theory. While establishing these connections we clarify aspects of various orders of limits and how to relax them; we also find it useful to explicitly address details of the genus expansion. As a result, for the totally symmetric Wilson loop we find new contributions that improve the comparison with the dual holographic computation at one loop order in the appropriate regime.

Natural variance in pH as a complication in detecting acidification of lakes

USGS Publications Warehouse

Turk, J.T.

1988-01-01

Natural variance in the pH of three dilute lakes in the Flat Tops Wilderness Area, Colorado, complicates the detection of acidification. Variations in pH during July-September of 1983 were: 0.95 (Ned Wilson Lake), 1.36 (Upper Island Lake), and 1.53 (Oyster Lake). Mean diurnal variations in pH during 1983 were: 0.37 (Ned Wilson Lake), 0.54 (Upper Island Lake), and 0.39 (Oyster Lake). Replicate pH measurements indicate that pH can be measured with a mean variance due to measurement error of ?? 0.005. Regression analysis indicates that samples collected on the same day of different years may differ because of time of day and percentage of cloud cover. Differences in wind duration and intensity and primary productivity also may cause the pH to differ between years. Such differences can be either random or systematic. Comparisons of pH among 3 yr of data from Ned Wilson Lake indicate that natural variations in pH are much larger than variations in Colorado Lakes previously attributed to acidification by precipitation.

Assessment of the Wilson Sex Fantasy Questionnaire among child molesters and nonsexual forensic offenders.

PubMed

Baumgartner, Jerome V; Scalora, Mario J; Huss, Matthew T

2002-01-01

The Wilson Sex Fantasy Questionnaire (WSFQ; Wilson, 1978) is a 40-item self-report questionnaire that assesses 4 types of sexual fantasies: Exploratory, Intimate, Impersonal, and Sadomasochistic. The goal of the present study was to examine the differences between child molesters (n = 64) and nonsexual offenders (n = 41) on the WSFQ. Comparisons included the four underlying factors, 2 factors associated with the fantasizer's role in the fantasy (active vs. passive), and 2 items most closely related to sexual molestation behavior. Results found that molesters reported higher scores on the Exploratory and Intimate subscales, as well as overall fantasy. Scores on the Impersonal and Sadomasochistic subscales were not significantly different. Molesters also reported higher scores on fantasies where they were the actor, and higher scores on fantasies most closely related to sexual molestation behavior. Subsequent analyses found that both offender groups reported significantly lower levels of fantasies than college comparison subjects and noncriminal sexual deviants. Differences among the 2 study groups are discussed in terms of social and cognitive characteristics of molesters.

Teaching concept analysis to graduate nursing students.

PubMed

Schiller, Catharine J

2018-04-01

To provide guidance to educators who use the Wilson (1963) concept analysis method, as modified by Walker and Avant (2011), in their graduate nursing curriculum BACKGROUND: While graduate nursing curricula often include a concept analysis assignment, there is a paucity of literature to assist educators in guiding students through this challenging process. This article details one way for educators to assist graduate nursing students in learning how to undertake each step of the Wilson (1963) concept analysis method, as modified by Walker and Avant (2011). Wilson (1963) concept analysis method, as modified by Walker and Avant (2011). Using examples, this article walks the reader through the Walker and Avant (2011) concept analysis process and addresses those issues commonly encountered by educators during this process. This article presented one way of walking students through a Walker and Avant (2011) concept analysis. Having clear information about the steps involved in developing a concept analysis will make it easier for educators to incorporate it into their graduate nursing curriculum and to effectively guide students on their journey through this process. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Report of a workshop on nuclear forces and nonproliferation Woodrow Wilson international center for scholars, Washington, DC October 28, 2010

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pilat, Joseph F

2010-12-08

A workshop sponsored by the Los Alamos National Laboratory in cooperation with the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars was held at the Wilson Center in Washington, DC, on October 28, 2010. The workshop addressed evolving nuclear forces and their impacts on nonproliferation in the context of the new strategic environment, the Obama Administration's Nuclear Posture Review and the 2010 NPT Review Conference. The discussions reflected the importance of the NPR for defining the role of US nuclear forces in dealing with 21st century threats and providing guidance for National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) and Department of Defense (DoD) programsmore » and, for many but not all participants, highlighted its role in the successful outcome of the NPT RevCon. There was widespread support for the NPR and its role in developing the foundations for a sustainable nuclear-weapon program that addresses nuclear weapons, infrastructure and expertise in the broader nonproliferation, disarmament and international security contexts. However, some participants raised concerns about its implementation and its long-term effectiveness and sustainability.« less

Passive margin evolution, initiation of subduction and the Wilson cycle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cloetingh, S. A. P. L.; Wortel, M. J. R.; Vlaar, N. J.

1984-10-01

We have constructed finite element models at various stages of passive margin evolution, in which we have incorporated the system of forces acting on the margin, depth-dependent rheological properties and lateral variations across the margin. We have studied the interrelations between age-dependent forces, geometry and rheology, to decipher their net effect on the state of stress at passive margins. Lithospheric flexure induced by sediment loading dominates the state of stress at passive margins. This study has shown that if after a short evolution of the margin (time span a few tens of million years) subduction has not yet started, continued aging of the passive margin alone does not result in conditions more favourable for transformation into an active margin. Although much geological evidence is available in support of the key role small ocean basins play in orogeny and ophiolite emplacement, evolutionary frameworks of the Wilson cycle usually are cast in terms of opening and closing of wide ocean basins. We propose a more limited role for large oceans in the Wilson cycle concept.

Helioseismic Holography of Simulated Sunspots: dependence of the travel time on magnetic field strength and Wilson depression

PubMed Central

Felipe, T.; Braun, D. C.; Birch, A. C.

2018-01-01

Improving methods for determining the subsurface structure of sunspots from their seismic signature requires a better understanding of the interaction of waves with magnetic field concentrations. We aim to quantify the impact of changes in the internal structure of sunspots on local helioseismic signals. We have numerically simulated the propagation of a stochastic wave field through sunspot models with different properties, accounting for changes in the Wilson depression between 250 and 550 km and in the photospheric umbral magnetic field between 1500 and 3500 G. The results show that travel-time shifts at frequencies above approximately 3.50 mHz (depending on the phase-speed filter) are insensitive to the magnetic field strength. The travel time of these waves is determined exclusively by the Wilson depression and sound-speed perturbation. The travel time of waves with lower frequencies is affected by the direct effect of the magnetic field, although photospheric field strengths below 1500 G do not leave a significant trace on the travel-time measurements. These results could potentially be used to develop simplified travel-time inversion methods. PMID:29670298

Helioseismic Holography of Simulated Sunspots: dependence of the travel time on magnetic field strength and Wilson depression.

PubMed

Felipe, T; Braun, D C; Birch, A C

2017-01-01

Improving methods for determining the subsurface structure of sunspots from their seismic signature requires a better understanding of the interaction of waves with magnetic field concentrations. We aim to quantify the impact of changes in the internal structure of sunspots on local helioseismic signals. We have numerically simulated the propagation of a stochastic wave field through sunspot models with different properties, accounting for changes in the Wilson depression between 250 and 550 km and in the photospheric umbral magnetic field between 1500 and 3500 G. The results show that travel-time shifts at frequencies above approximately 3.50 mHz (depending on the phase-speed filter) are insensitive to the magnetic field strength. The travel time of these waves is determined exclusively by the Wilson depression and sound-speed perturbation. The travel time of waves with lower frequencies is affected by the direct effect of the magnetic field, although photospheric field strengths below 1500 G do not leave a significant trace on the travel-time measurements. These results could potentially be used to develop simplified travel-time inversion methods.

Many Masses on One Stroke:. Economic Computation of Quark Propagators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frommer, Andreas; Nöckel, Bertold; Güsken, Stephan; Lippert, Thomas; Schilling, Klaus

The computational effort in the calculation of Wilson fermion quark propagators in Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics can be considerably reduced by exploiting the Wilson fermion matrix structure in inversion algorithms based on the non-symmetric Lanczos process. We consider two such methods: QMR (quasi minimal residual) and BCG (biconjugate gradients). Based on the decomposition M/κ = 1/κ-D of the Wilson mass matrix, using QMR, one can carry out inversions on a whole trajectory of masses simultaneously, merely at the computational expense of a single propagator computation. In other words, one has to compute the propagator corresponding to the lightest mass only, while all the heavier masses are given for free, at the price of extra storage. Moreover, the symmetry γ5M = M†γ5 can be used to cut the computational effort in QMR and BCG by a factor of two. We show that both methods then become — in the critical regime of small quark masses — competitive to BiCGStab and significantly better than the standard MR method, with optimal relaxation factor, and CG as applied to the normal equations.

Phonological Concept Learning.

PubMed

Moreton, Elliott; Pater, Joe; Pertsova, Katya

2017-01-01

Linguistic and non-linguistic pattern learning have been studied separately, but we argue for a comparative approach. Analogous inductive problems arise in phonological and visual pattern learning. Evidence from three experiments shows that human learners can solve them in analogous ways, and that human performance in both cases can be captured by the same models. We test GMECCS (Gradual Maximum Entropy with a Conjunctive Constraint Schema), an implementation of the Configural Cue Model (Gluck & Bower, ) in a Maximum Entropy phonotactic-learning framework (Goldwater & Johnson, ; Hayes & Wilson, ) with a single free parameter, against the alternative hypothesis that learners seek featurally simple algebraic rules ("rule-seeking"). We study the full typology of patterns introduced by Shepard, Hovland, and Jenkins () ("SHJ"), instantiated as both phonotactic patterns and visual analogs, using unsupervised training. Unlike SHJ, Experiments 1 and 2 found that both phonotactic and visual patterns that depended on fewer features could be more difficult than those that depended on more features, as predicted by GMECCS but not by rule-seeking. GMECCS also correctly predicted performance differences between stimulus subclasses within each pattern. A third experiment tried supervised training (which can facilitate rule-seeking in visual learning) to elicit simple rule-seeking phonotactic learning, but cue-based behavior persisted. We conclude that similar cue-based cognitive processes are available for phonological and visual concept learning, and hence that studying either kind of learning can lead to significant insights about the other. Copyright © 2015 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

Current and Future Constraints on Higgs Couplings in the Nonlinear Effective Theory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

de Blas, Jorge; Eberhardt, Otto; Krause, Claudius

We perform a Bayesian statistical analysis of the constraints on the nonlinear Effective Theory given by the Higgs electroweak chiral Lagrangian. We obtain bounds on the effective coefficients entering in Higgs observables at the leading order, using all available Higgs-boson signal strengths from the LHC runs 1 and 2. Using a prior dependence study of the solutions, we discuss the results within the context of natural-sized Wilson coefficients. We further study the expected sensitivities to the different Wilson coefficients at various possible future colliders. Finally, we interpret our results in terms of some minimal composite Higgs models.

Meson and baryon dispersion relations with Brillouin fermions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dürr, Stephan; Koutsou, Giannis; Lippert, Thomas

2012-12-01

We study the dispersion relations of mesons and baryons built from Brillouin quarks on one Nf=2 gauge ensemble provided by QCDSF. For quark masses up to the physical strange quark mass, there is hardly any improvement over the Wilson discretization, if either action is link-smeared and tree-level clover improved. For quark masses in the range of the physical charm quark mass, the Brillouin action still shows a perfect relativistic behavior, while the Wilson action induces severe cutoff effects. As an application we determine the masses of the Ωc0, Ωcc+ and Ωccc++ baryons on that ensemble.

Equivalences of the multi-indexed orthogonal polynomials

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Odake, Satoru

2014-01-15

Multi-indexed orthogonal polynomials describe eigenfunctions of exactly solvable shape-invariant quantum mechanical systems in one dimension obtained by the method of virtual states deletion. Multi-indexed orthogonal polynomials are labeled by a set of degrees of polynomial parts of virtual state wavefunctions. For multi-indexed orthogonal polynomials of Laguerre, Jacobi, Wilson, and Askey-Wilson types, two different index sets may give equivalent multi-indexed orthogonal polynomials. We clarify these equivalences. Multi-indexed orthogonal polynomials with both type I and II indices are proportional to those of type I indices only (or type II indices only) with shifted parameters.

Speckle Interferometry at Mount Wilson Observatory: Observations Obtained in 2006-2007 and 35 New Orbits

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hartkopf, William I.; Mason, Brian D.

2009-01-01

Results are presented for 607 speckle interferometric observations of double stars, as well as 222 measures of single stars or unresolved pairs. All data were obtained in 2006 and 2007 at the Mount Wilson Observatory, using the 2.5 m Hooker telescope. Separations range from 0.06 to 6.31, with a median of 0.34. These three observing runs concentrated on binaries in need of confirmation (mainly Hipparcos and Tycho pairs), as well as systems in need of improved orbital elements. New orbital solutions have been determined for 35 systems as a result.

Effect of the quartic gradient terms on the critical exponents of the Wilson-Fisher fixed point in O(N) models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Péli, Zoltán; Nagy, Sándor; Sailer, Kornel

2018-02-01

The effect of the O(partial4) terms of the gradient expansion on the anomalous dimension η and the correlation length's critical exponent ν of the Wilson-Fisher fixed point has been determined for the Euclidean 3-dimensional O( N) models with N≥ 2 . Wetterich's effective average action renormalization group method is used with field-independent derivative couplings and Litim's optimized regulator. It is shown that the critical theory is well approximated by the effective average action preserving O( N) symmetry with an accuracy of O(η).

Quark-antiquark potential in defect conformal field theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Preti, Michelangelo; Trancanelli, Diego; Vescovi, Edoardo

2017-10-01

We consider antiparallel Wilson lines in N = 4 super Yang-Mills in the presence of a codimension-1 defect. We compute the Wilson lines' expectation value both at weak coupling, in the gauge theory, and at strong coupling, by finding the string configurations which are dual to this operator. These configurations display a Gross-Ooguri transition between a connected, U-shaped string phase and a phase in which the string breaks into two disconnected surfaces. We analyze in detail the critical configurations separating the two phases and compare the string result with the gauge theory one in a certain double scaling limit.

Tertiary volcanic and hypabyssal rocks in the Ugashik quadrangle: A section in Geological Survey research 1981

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1982-01-01

Potassium-argon dating of volcanic and hypabyssal rocks from the Ugashik quadrangle by F. H. Wilson and Nora Shew indicates that these rocks fall into the same two age groupings as those of the Chignik and Sutwik Island quadrangles to the south. Rocks of late Eocene to earliest Miocene and latest Miocene to Holocene age are found in both areas. Preliminary mapping by R. L. Detterman, J. E. Case, and F. H. Wilson indicates a major break in the trend to the west. This offset occurs in the vicinity of Wide and Puale Bays.

Cusp anomalous dimension and rotating open strings in AdS/CFT

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Espíndola, R.; García, J. Antonio

2018-03-01

In the context of AdS/CFT we provide analytical support for the proposed duality between a Wilson loop with a cusp, the cusp anomalous dimension, and the meson model constructed from a rotating open string with high angular momentum. This duality was previously studied using numerical tools in [1]. Our result implies that the minimum of the profile function of the minimal area surface dual to the Wilson loop, is related to the inverse of the bulk penetration of the dual string that hangs from the quark-anti-quark pair (meson) in the gauge theory.

Influence of probe geometry on pitot-probe displacement in supersonic turbulent flow

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Allen, J. M.

1975-01-01

An experiment was conducted to determine the varying effects of six different probe-tip and support-shaft configurations on pitot tube displacement. The study was stimulated by discrepancies between supersonic wind-tunnel tests conducted by Wilson and Young (1949) and Allen (1972). Wilson (1973) had concluded that these discrepancies were caused by differences in probe geometry. It is shown that in fact, no major differences in profiles of streamwise velocity over streamwise velocity at boundary-layer edge vs normal coordinate over boundary-layer total thickness result from geometry. The true cause of the discrepancies, however, remains to be discovered.

Resolving the age of Wilson Creek Formation tephras and the Mono Lake excursion using high-resolution SIMS dating of allanite and zircon rims

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vazquez, J. A.; Lidzbarski, M. I.

2012-12-01

Sediments of the Wilson Creek Formation surrounding Mono Lake preserve a high-resolution archive of glacial and pluvial responses along the eastern Sierra Nevada due to late Pleistocene climate change. An absolute chronology for the Wilson Creek stratigraphy is critical for correlating the paleoclimate record to other archives in the western U.S. and the North Atlantic region. However, multiple attempts to date the Wilson Creek stratigraphy using carbonates and interbedded rhyolitic tephras yield discordant 14C and 40Ar/39Ar results due to open-system effects, carbon reservoir uncertainties, as well as abundant xenocrysts entrained during eruption. Ion microprobe (SIMS) 238U-230Th dating of the final increments of crystallization recorded by allanite and zircon autocrysts from juvenile pyroclasts yields ages that effectively date eruption of key tephra beds and resolve age uncertainties about the Wilson Creek stratigraphy. To date the final several micrometers of crystal growth, individual allanite and zircon crystals were embedded in soft indium to allow sampling of unpolished rims. Isochron ages derived from rims on coexisting allanite and zircon (± glass) from hand-selected pumiceous pyroclasts delimit the timing of Wilson Creek sedimentation between Ashes 7 and 19 (numbering of Lajoie, 1968) to the interval between ca. 27 to ca. 62 ka. The interiors of individual allanite and zircon crystals sectioned in standard SIMS mounts yield model 238U-230Th ages that are mostly <10 k.y. older than their corresponding rim age, suggesting a relatively brief interval of allanite + zircon crystallization before eruption. A minority of allanite and zircon crystals yield rim and interior model ages of ca. 90-100 ka, and are likely to be antecrysts recycled from relatively early Mono Craters volcanism and/or intrusions. Tephra (Ash 15) erupted during the geomagnetic excursion originally designated the Mono Lake excursion yields a rim isochron age of ca. 41 ka indicating that the recorded event is instead the Laschamp excursion. The results are consistent with a depositional chronology from correlation of relative paleointensity (Zimmerman et al., 2006) that indicates quasi-synchronous glacial and hydrologic responses in the Sierra Nevada and Mono Basin to climate change, with intervals of lake filling and glacial-snowpack melting that are in phase with peaks in spring insolation. Moreover, the results demonstrate that high-spatial resolution SIMS dating of accessory mineral rims is an alternative and promising approach for resolving the depositional ages of silicic tephras containing minerals that crystallized over protracted intervals or that are plagued by incorporation of xenocrysts and/or antecrysts. References: Lajoie, K., 1968, PhD Dissertation, UC Berkeley; Zimmerman et al., 2006, EPSL 252: 94-106.

ASGPR-Mediated Uptake of Multivalent Glycoconjugates for Drug Delivery in Hepatocytes.

PubMed

Monestier, Marie; Charbonnier, Peggy; Gateau, Christelle; Cuillel, Martine; Robert, Faustine; Lebrun, Colette; Mintz, Elisabeth; Renaudet, Olivier; Delangle, Pascale

2016-04-01

Liver cells are an essential target for drug delivery in many diseases. The hepatocytes express the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR), which promotes specific uptake by means of N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) recognition. In this work, we designed two different chemical architectures to treat Wilson's disease by intracellular copper chelation. Two glycoconjugates functionalized with three or four GalNAc units each were shown to enter hepatic cells and chelate copper. Here, we studied two series of compounds derived from these glycoconjugates to find key parameters for the targeting of human hepatocytes. Efficient cellular uptake was demonstrated by flow cytometry using HepG2 human heptic cells that express the human oligomeric ASGPR. Dissociation constants in the nanomolar range showed efficient multivalent interactions with the receptor. Both architectures were therefore concluded to be able to compete with endogeneous asialoglycoproteins and serve as good vehicles for drug delivery in hepatocytes. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.