Sample records for flight rules ifr

  1. Single-Pilot Workload Management in Entry-Level Jets

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-09-01

    under Instrument Flight Rules ( IFR ) in a Cessna Citation Mustang ELJ level 5 flight training device at CAMI. Eight of the pilots were Mustang owner...Instrument Landing System IFR ............Instrument Flight Rules IMC ...........Instrument Meteorological Conditions ISA...pilots flew an experimental flight with two legs involving high workload management under Instrument Flight Rules ( IFR ) in a Cessna Citation Mustang

  2. Environmental Assessment for QSEU116038 - Lower Pattern Altitude at Moody Air Force Base, Georgia

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-04-01

    flight rules ( IFR ) overhead flight patterns. The 2,000-foot AGL VFR overhead flight pattern is associated with the previous Moody AFB training mission...EA Environmental Assessment EIS environmental impact statement IFR instrument flight rules Lmax maximum sound level NEPA National Environmental...airspace only (airspace immediately surrounding the Moody AFB airfield) and would not affect instrument flight rules ( IFR ) overhead flight patterns

  3. 14 CFR 91.185 - IFR operations: Two-way radio communications failure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false IFR operations: Two-way radio... RULES Flight Rules Instrument Flight Rules § 91.185 IFR operations: Two-way radio communications failure. (a) General. Unless otherwise authorized by ATC, each pilot who has two-way radio communications...

  4. Enhancing Public Helicopter Safety as a Component of Homeland Security

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-12-01

    Risk Assessment Tool GPS Global Positioning System IFR instrument flight rules ILS instrument landing system IMC instrument meteorological...flight rules ( IFR ) flying and the lack of a pre-flight risk assessment. Pilot fatigue is a factor that appeared in two of the accident reports (New...three common factors that emerged from the qualitative analysis of coding: inadequate proficiency of IFR flying, lack of a pre- flight risk assessment

  5. Development and evaluation of a prototype in-flight instrument flight rules (IFR) procedures trainer

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Aaron, J. B., Jr.; Morris, G. G.

    1981-01-01

    An in-flight instrument flight rules (IFR) procedures trainer capable of providing simulated indications of instrument flight in a typical general aviation aircraft independent of ground based navigation aids was developed. The IFR navaid related instruments and circuits from an ATC 610J table top simulator were installed in a Cessna 172 aircraft and connected to its electrical power and pitot static systems. The benefits expected from this hybridization concept include increased safety by reducing the number of general aviation aircraft conducting IFR training flights in congested terminal areas, and reduced fuel use and instruction costs by lessening the need to fly to and from navaid equipped airports and by increased efficiency of the required in-flight training. Technical feasibility was demonstrated and the operational feasibility of the concept was evaluated. Results indicated that the in-flight simulator is an effective training device for teaching IFR procedural skills.

  6. Analysis of general aviation accidents during operations under instrument flight rules

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bennett, C. T.; Schwirzke, Martin; Harm, C.

    1990-01-01

    A report is presented to describe some of the errors that pilots make during flight under IFR. The data indicate that there is less risk during the approach and landing phase of IFR flights, as compared to VFR operations. Single-pilot IFR accident rates continue to be higher than two-pilot IFR incident rates, reflecting the high work load of IFR operations.

  7. 14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL...

  8. 14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL...

  9. 14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL...

  10. 14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL...

  11. 14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL...

  12. Study of the Light Utility Helicopter (LUH) Acquisition Program as a Model for Defense Acquisition of Nondevelopmental Items

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-12-01

    Local Economic Impact of UH-72A Manufacture ................42  viii e.  EADS’ (Now Airbus Group’s) Suppliers and Subcontractors...Headquarters, Department of the Army IFR instrument flight rules IOTE initial operational test and evaluation IR infrared KO contracting officer kt...instrument flight rules ( IFR ) and visual flight rules (VFR) capabilities, thereby allowing flight at night and under low visibility weather

  13. Assessing Prior Experience in the Selection of Air Traffic Control Specialists

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-04-01

    Crosstabulation --------------------------B1 APPENDIX C: IFR Operations Experience • Academy Training Performance Crosstabulation ---------C1 APPENDIX...Control Specialist (ATCS) rating? (n=9,333) BQ35 – Do you have prior Instrument Flight Rules ( IFR ) operations experience? (n = 9,349) 2. Hold or...not have a prior ATCS rating. Do you have prior IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) Operations experience? Of the 9,349 respondents to this question

  14. Commercial Training Device Requirement (CTDR) for Initial Entry Rotary Wing (IERW) Aviation Training Helicopter

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-12-24

    training; 16 . PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT OF REPORT OF...to be leased is 205. One hundred aircraft will be VFR aircraft only. One hundred and five aircraft will be instrument flight rules ( IFR ) certified, 55...of which will be IFR equipped. The other IFR -certified aircraft will be visual flight rules equipped. c. The total lease cost is based on an assumed

  15. SABER: Airland Combat Training Model Credibility Assessment and Methodology

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1992-03-01

    The three types of weather are good, VFR conditions (visual flight rules); fair , MVFR (marginal VFR), and; poor, IFR conditions (instrument flight rules...categories good, fair and poor represent VFR, MVFR and IFR flight conditions respectively. Darkness can be thought of as an attribute of weather, that... fair , poor, or very poor (VP). The meaning of these values were explained in section 4.3.5. Another value , called impassible (IMP), should be added to

  16. 14 CFR 125.367 - Alternate airport for destination: IFR or over-the-top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Alternate airport for destination: IFR or... Flight Release Rules § 125.367 Alternate airport for destination: IFR or over-the-top. (a) Except as... over-the-top shall list at least one alternate airport for each destination airport in the flight...

  17. 14 CFR 125.367 - Alternate airport for destination: IFR or over-the-top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Alternate airport for destination: IFR or... Flight Release Rules § 125.367 Alternate airport for destination: IFR or over-the-top. (a) Except as... over-the-top shall list at least one alternate airport for each destination airport in the flight...

  18. 14 CFR 125.367 - Alternate airport for destination: IFR or over-the-top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Alternate airport for destination: IFR or... Flight Release Rules § 125.367 Alternate airport for destination: IFR or over-the-top. (a) Except as... over-the-top shall list at least one alternate airport for each destination airport in the flight...

  19. 14 CFR 125.367 - Alternate airport for destination: IFR or over-the-top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Alternate airport for destination: IFR or... Flight Release Rules § 125.367 Alternate airport for destination: IFR or over-the-top. (a) Except as... over-the-top shall list at least one alternate airport for each destination airport in the flight...

  20. 14 CFR 125.367 - Alternate airport for destination: IFR or over-the-top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Alternate airport for destination: IFR or... Flight Release Rules § 125.367 Alternate airport for destination: IFR or over-the-top. (a) Except as... over-the-top shall list at least one alternate airport for each destination airport in the flight...

  1. Secure ADS-B: Towards Airborne Communications Security in the Federal Aviation Administration’s Next Generation Air Transportation System

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-03-01

    76 5.2 Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 5.3 Recommendations for Future Work...Global Positioning System ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization IFF Identification Friend or Foe IFR Instrument Flight Rules IMO...Instrument Flight Rules ( IFR ). Under VFR, typically used by General Aviation (GA) aircraft operating under 18,000 feet, the pilot is primarily responsible

  2. In-Flight Simulator for IFR Training

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Parker, L. C.

    1986-01-01

    Computer-controlled unit feeds navigation signals to airplane instruments. Electronic training system allows students to learn to fly according to instrument flight rules (IFR) in uncrowded airspace. New system self-contained IFR simulator carried aboard training plane. Generates signals and commands for standard instruments on airplane, including navigational receiver, distance-measuring equipment, automatic direction finder, a marker-beacon receiver, altimeter, airspeed indicator, and heading indicator.

  3. User Guide for Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) Operations on the National Ranges

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-11-01

    WARFARE CENTER WEAPONS DIVISION, PT. MUGU NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER WEAPONS DIVISION, CHINA LAKE NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER AIRCRAFT DIVISION, PATUXENT...with IFR Instrument Flight Rules MRTFB Major Range and Test Facility Base NAS National Airspace System NM nautical mile NTIA National...sectional charts, Instrument Flight Rules ( IFR ) enroute charts, and terminal area charts. The floor and ceiling, operating hours, and controlling

  4. 14 CFR 121.651 - Takeoff and landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Takeoff and landing weather minimums: IFR... Flight Release Rules § 121.651 Takeoff and landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders. (a) Notwithstanding any clearance from ATC, no pilot may begin a takeoff in an airplane under IFR when the weather...

  5. 14 CFR 121.651 - Takeoff and landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Takeoff and landing weather minimums: IFR... Flight Release Rules § 121.651 Takeoff and landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders. (a) Notwithstanding any clearance from ATC, no pilot may begin a takeoff in an airplane under IFR when the weather...

  6. 14 CFR 121.651 - Takeoff and landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Takeoff and landing weather minimums: IFR... Flight Release Rules § 121.651 Takeoff and landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders. (a) Notwithstanding any clearance from ATC, no pilot may begin a takeoff in an airplane under IFR when the weather...

  7. 14 CFR 121.651 - Takeoff and landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Takeoff and landing weather minimums: IFR... Flight Release Rules § 121.651 Takeoff and landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders. (a) Notwithstanding any clearance from ATC, no pilot may begin a takeoff in an airplane under IFR when the weather...

  8. 14 CFR 121.651 - Takeoff and landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Takeoff and landing weather minimums: IFR... Flight Release Rules § 121.651 Takeoff and landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders. (a) Notwithstanding any clearance from ATC, no pilot may begin a takeoff in an airplane under IFR when the weather...

  9. Aircraft Route Optimization using the A-Star Algorithm

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-03-27

    Map Cost array allows a search for a route that not only seeks to minimize the distance travelled, but also considers other factors that may impact ...Rules (VFR) flight profile requires aviators to plan a 20-minute fuel reserve into the flight while an Instrument Flight Rules ( IFR ) flight profile

  10. 14 CFR 91.1039 - IFR takeoff, approach and landing minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ...) For flight planning purposes, if the destination airport does not have a weather reporting facility... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional... on a program aircraft operating a program flight may begin an instrument approach procedure to an...

  11. 14 CFR 91.1039 - IFR takeoff, approach and landing minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ...) For flight planning purposes, if the destination airport does not have a weather reporting facility... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional... on a program aircraft operating a program flight may begin an instrument approach procedure to an...

  12. 14 CFR 91.1039 - IFR takeoff, approach and landing minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ...) For flight planning purposes, if the destination airport does not have a weather reporting facility... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional... on a program aircraft operating a program flight may begin an instrument approach procedure to an...

  13. 14 CFR 91.1039 - IFR takeoff, approach and landing minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ...) For flight planning purposes, if the destination airport does not have a weather reporting facility... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional... on a program aircraft operating a program flight may begin an instrument approach procedure to an...

  14. 14 CFR 91.1039 - IFR takeoff, approach and landing minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ...) For flight planning purposes, if the destination airport does not have a weather reporting facility... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional... on a program aircraft operating a program flight may begin an instrument approach procedure to an...

  15. 14 CFR 91.177 - Minimum altitudes for IFR operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... mountainous area in part 95 of this chapter, an altitude of 2,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Minimum altitudes for IFR operations. 91... Instrument Flight Rules § 91.177 Minimum altitudes for IFR operations. (a) Operation of aircraft at minimum...

  16. Design and Characterization of a Secure Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast Prototype

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-03-26

    during the thesis process. Thank you to Mr. Dave Prentice of AFRL for providing the Aeroflex IFR 6000 baseband signals, upon which many design decisions...35 25 Example Aeroflex IFR 6000 signal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 26...Global Positioning System HDL hardware description language I in-phase IFR Instrument Flight Rules IP Internet Protocol IP intellectual property IPSec

  17. The Effects of Limited Intent Information Availability on Self-Separation in Mixed Operations

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lewis, Timothy A.; Phojanamongkolkij, Nipa; Wing, David J.

    2012-01-01

    This paper presents the results of a computer simulation of the NASA Autonomous Flight Rules (AFR) concept for airborne self-separation in airspace shared with conventional Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) traffic. This study was designed to determine the impact of varying levels of intent information from IFR aircraft on the performance of AFR conflict detection and resolution. The study used Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) to supply IFR intent, but other methods such as an uplink from a ground-based System Wide Information Management (SWIM) network could alternatively supply this information. The independent variables of the study consist of the number of ADS-B trajectory change reports broadcast by IFR aircraft and the time interval between those reports. The conflict detection and resolution metrics include: the number of conflicts and losses of separation, the average conflict warning time, and the amount of time spent in strategic vs. tactical flight modes (i.e., whether the autoflight system was decoupled from the planned route in the Flight Management System in order to respond to a short-notice traffic conflict). The results show a measurable benefit of broadcasting IFR intent vs. relying on state-only broadcasts. The results of this study will inform ongoing separation assurance research and FAA NextGen design decisions for the sharing of trajectory intent information in the National Airspace System.

  18. IFR approval of differential global positioning system (DGPS) special category I instrument approaches using private ground facilities

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1994-08-14

    This order identifies specific criteria, not presently found in existing standards, which shall be satisfied before Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations can be authorized using differential global positioning systems (DGPS) Special Instrument App...

  19. 78 FR 34558 - Modification of Class E Airspace; Clifton/Morenci, AZ

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-06-10

    ... (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Greenlee County Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the... accommodate IFR aircraft executing RNAV (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at the airport. This...

  20. Documentation of Sensory Information in the Operation of Unmanned Aircraft Systems

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2008-10-01

    spercepton.s.a. msmatch.between.vsual.and.vestbular.or.proproceptve. stmul.(Reed,.1977) . Advantages and disadvantages of sensory Modes G...and that are approved for IFR operations, a third attitude instrument must be provided that: (i) Is powered from a source independent of the...indicator, if the aircraft has a retractable landing gear. … B-17 (d) Instrument flight rules. For IFR flight, the following instruments and equipment

  1. UAS Cross Platform JTA

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-07-18

    1.16 Verify system align and degradations to determine impact to mission. 17 1.17 Ensure clearance of line personnel, ground equipment, and other...as needed during phases of flight. 99 7.12 Manage data security and data links during communications. 100 7.13 Obtain IFR clearance over radio...example, heading or airspeed) to return aircraft to intended course. 116 8.10 Perform navigation under instrument flight rules ( IFR ). 117 8.11

  2. 77 FR 38477 - IFR Altitudes; Miscellaneous Amendments

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-06-28

    ... CONSEQUENCES, NM VORTAC. Sec. 95.4000 High Altitude RNAV Routes Sec. 95.4130 RNAV Route Q130 is Amended to Read.... No. 501] IFR Altitudes; Miscellaneous Amendments AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT... (instrument flight rules) altitudes and changeover points for certain Federal airways, jet routes, or direct...

  3. 78 FR 25384 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Immokalee, FL

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-01

    ... management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations within the National Airspace System. DATES: Effective... at Immokalee, FL, to accommodate the Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) Standard... Procedures developed for Big Cypress Airfield. This action is necessary for the safety and management of IFR...

  4. 75 FR 57383 - Modification of Class E Airspace; Willcox, AZ

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-09-21

    ... System (GPS) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs) at Cochise County Airport. This will improve the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective... action is necessary for the safety and management of IFR operations. The FAA has determined this...

  5. 75 FR 57375 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Toledo, WA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-09-21

    ... System (GPS) Standard Instrument Approach Procedure (SIAP) at Ed Carlson Memorial Field-South Lewis County Airport. This will improve the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations... is necessary for the safety and management of IFR operations. The FAA has determined this regulation...

  6. 76 FR 14799 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Newport, VT

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-18

    ... cancellation of the NDB approach. Controlled airspace is necessary for the safety and management of IFR... Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs) have been developed for Newport State Airport. This action enhances the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES...

  7. Eye Tracking in the Cockpit: a Review of the Relationships between Eye Movements and the Aviators Cognitive State

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-12-01

    proportional dwell time OTW in order to assess the impact of novel cockpit instruments on situational awareness in nearby airspace (Cote, Krueger, & Simmons...frequency. In particular, Spady (1978) examined eye movements during simulated landing approach under instrument flight rules ( IFR ). Simulated turbulence...al. (2007) found that NNI varied across phases of simulated IFR flight, showing the least random (most clustered) distribution of fixations during

  8. 78 FR 41290 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Elbow Lake, MN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-10

    ...) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Elbow Lake Municipal--Pride of the Prairie Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the... instrument approach procedures at the airport. This action enhances the safety and management of IFR...

  9. 78 FR 31430 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Wagner, SD

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-24

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Wagner Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs... approach procedures at the airport. Controlled airspace is needed for the safety and management of IFR...

  10. 78 FR 52716 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Del Rio, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-26

    ..., Del Rio, TX. An additional segment to the north is needed to contain approach category E military aircraft conducting circling approaches to the airport, to retain the safety and management of IFR aircraft... to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for instrument...

  11. 78 FR 33019 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Commerce, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-06-03

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs) at Commerce Municipal Airport (AAF). The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR... airport to provide adequate controlled airspace for the safety and management of IFR operations at the...

  12. 78 FR 67297 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Curtis, NE

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-12

    ... approach procedures. Controlled airspace is needed for the safety and management of IFR operations at the... Instrument Approach Procedures at Curtis Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date...

  13. 76 FR 59013 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Burlington, VT

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-23

    ... airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations within the National Airspace System. This action also makes a minor adjustment to the geographic coordinates of the airport and recognizes the name... modified for the safety and management of IFR operations at the airport. The geographic coordinates for...

  14. Autonomous Flight Rules - A Concept for Self-Separation in U.S. Domestic Airspace

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wing, David J.; Cotton, William B.

    2011-01-01

    Autonomous Flight Rules (AFR) are proposed as a new set of operating regulations in which aircraft navigate on tracks of their choice while self-separating from traffic and weather. AFR would exist alongside Instrument and Visual Flight Rules (IFR and VFR) as one of three available flight options for any appropriately trained and qualified operator with the necessary certified equipment. Historically, ground-based separation services evolved by necessity as aircraft began operating in the clouds and were unable to see each other. Today, technologies for global navigation, airborne surveillance, and onboard computing enable the functions of traffic conflict management to be fully integrated with navigation procedures onboard the aircraft. By self-separating, aircraft can operate with more flexibility and fewer restrictions than are required when using ground-based separation. The AFR concept is described in detail and provides practical means by which self-separating aircraft could share the same airspace as IFR and VFR aircraft without disrupting the ongoing processes of Air Traffic Control.

  15. 78 FR 48839 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Carlsbad, NM

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-12

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Cavern City Air Terminal. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs... the airport, to retain the safety and management of IFR aircraft in Class E airspace to/from the en...

  16. 78 FR 31429 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Mason, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-24

    ... new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Mason County Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs at the... safety and management of IFR aircraft in Class E airspace to/from the en route environment. Class E...

  17. 76 FR 77386 - Amendment to and Establishment of Restricted Areas; Warren Grove, NJ

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-13

    ... Traffic Control Center (ARTCC) and Washington ARTCC. To minimize potential impact to Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) traffic flows, the FAA will only authorize activation of these areas when New York and Washington ARTCCs determine there would be minimal to no impact on IFR traffic operating in the affected area...

  18. Helicopter Visual Segment Approach Lighting System (HALS) Test Report

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1988-08-01

    this Pegl 23. Ne. a# Palo$ 22. Ptuco Unclassified Unclassified 316 Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-721 Reproduction of e9Isted Ppe authorized TABLE OF CONTENTS...Subject Pilot Range Rate/Vertical Position Plots lii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Page I Basic Heliport IFR Lighting System 4 2 Heliport Approach...Instrument Flight Rules ( IFR ) Heliport Lighting System and a centerline HALS. The Basic IFR Approach Light System is presented in figure 1. It consists of

  19. USAF Airborne Sense and Avoid (ABSAA) Airworthiness and Operational Approval Approach. Version 1.0

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-01-31

    in, Class A or Special Use Airspace. The scope is also limited to larger UAS flying Instrument Flight Rules ( IFR ).16 If the civil standards do not...91.119 ( IFR operations along all-weather low-altitude routes).21 The history of the exemption from 14 CFR 91.209 related to NVG operations without... impact and schedule of a possible Part 91 rule change. The ABSAA PM should work to ensure appropriate FAA participation in RTCA activities to enable

  20. 76 FR 1999 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Panguitch, UT

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-01-12

    ... Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action will establish Class E... the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective... found merit in this comment, and will incorporate this change in the final rule. With the exception of...

  1. 78 FR 34554 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Blue Mesa, CO

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-06-10

    ...This action establishes Class E airspace at Blue Mesa VHF Omni-Directional Radio Range/Distance Measuring Equipment (VOR/DME), Blue Mesa, CO, to facilitate vectoring of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Denver and Albuquerque Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCCs). This improves the safety and management of IFR operations within the National Airspace System.

  2. 76 FR 20279 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Madison, SD

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-12

    ... this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs... contains notices to the public of #0;the proposed issuance of rules and regulations. The purpose of these #0;notices is to give interested persons an opportunity to participate in #0;the rule making prior to...

  3. 78 FR 41335 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Battle Mountain, NV

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-10

    ... vectoring of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Salt Lake City, Oakland, and Los... for comments will be considered before taking action on the proposed rule. The proposal contained in... Executive Order 12866; (2) is not a ``significant rule'' under DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures (44 FR...

  4. Final Environmental Assessment (EA) for Modification of Airspace Units R-3008A/B/C from Visual Flight Rules (VFR) to VFR-Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) at Moody Air Force Base, Georgia

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-09-30

    winds. In addition, overcast conditions typically reduce or eliminate the presence of thermals that are used by soaring raptors such as hawks...Title 40, 1508.27. Protection of Environment Council on Environmental Quality. January 1979 . Code of Federal Regulations (C.F.R.), Title 40, Part 50

  5. A Simulation Tool for the Duties of Computer Specialist Non-Commissioned Officers on a Turkish Air Force Base

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-09-01

    Interface IFR Instrument Flight Rules LANTIRN Low-Altitude Navigation and Targeting Infrared for Night MANTIRN Medium Altitude Navigation and...MANTIRN categories, and IFR weather categories. Aside from the category of personnel (computer specialist NCOs rather than pilots), the main...of the node, (2) Adding a description, (3) Implementing event arguments , local variables, and state transitions, (4) Implementing a code that is

  6. For Spacious Skies: Self-Separation with "Autonomous Flight Rules" in US Domestic Airspace

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wing, David J.; Cotton, William B.

    2011-01-01

    Autonomous Flight Rules (AFR) are proposed as a new set of operating regulations in which aircraft navigate on tracks of their choice while self-separating from traffic and weather. AFR would exist alongside Instrument and Visual Flight Rules (IFR and VFR) as one of three available flight options for any appropriately trained and qualified operator with the necessary certified equipment. Historically, ground-based separation services evolved by necessity as aircraft began operating in the clouds and were unable to see each other. Today, technologies for global precision navigation, emerging airborne surveillance, and onboard computing enable traffic conflict management to be fully integrated with navigation procedures onboard the aircraft. By self-separating, aircraft can operate with more flexibility and fewer flight restrictions than are required when using ground-based separation. The AFR concept proposes a practical means in which self-separating aircraft could share the same airspace as IFR and VFR aircraft without disrupting the ongoing processes of Air Traffic Control. The paper discusses the context and motivation for implementing self-separation in US domestic airspace. It presents a historical perspective on separation, the proposed way forward in AFR, the rationale behind mixed operations, and the expected benefits of AFR for the airspace user community.

  7. 14 CFR 171.301 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ...-Federal Microwave Landing System (MLS) facilities that provide the basis for instrument flight rules (IFR) and air traffic control procedures. ... FACILITIES NON-FEDERAL NAVIGATION FACILITIES Microwave Landing System (MLS) § 171.301 Scope. This subpart...

  8. 78 FR 48300 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Mahnomen, MN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-08

    ... E5 Mahnomen, MN [New] Mahnomen County Airport, MN (Lat. 47[deg]15'38'' N., long. 95[deg]55'41'' W... Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action establishes Class E airspace... safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date...

  9. 78 FR 58489 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; McMinnville, TN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-24

    ... County Memorial Airport, TN (Lat. 35[deg]41'55'' N., long. 85[deg]50'38'' W.) Columbia River Park... Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Comments must be received on or before November 8, 2013. ADDRESSES: Send comments on this rule to: U. S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations...

  10. 76 FR 26658 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Ranger, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-09

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Cook Canyon Ranch Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs...

  11. 78 FR 34556 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Tobe, CO

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-06-10

    ... facilitate vectoring of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Denver and Albuquerque Air... Albuquerque ARTCC by vectoring aircraft from en route airspace to terminal areas. This action is necessary for...

  12. Investigating Traffic Avoidance Maneuver Preferences of Unmanned Aircraft Operators

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-06-13

    aircraft in the NAS under instrument flight rules ( IFR ), in radio communications with ATC, and with a traffic display highlighting traffic within 80...Lincoln Laboratory developed uncorrelated encounter model [13] for evaluation of a preliminary pilot model. The UAS was assumed to be on an IFR ...Vol. 59, No. 1, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Santa Monica, CA, 2015, pp. 45-49. [10] Rorie, R. C., Fern, L., and Shively R. J., “The impact

  13. Predicting near-ground vortex lifetimes using Weibull density functions

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2007-01-08

    To mitigate safety hazards posed by near-ground vortex lateral transport, under : instrument flight rules (IFR), parallel runway operations must adopt aircraft spacing : standards that often reduce capacity. Once the phenomenon of lateral transport i...

  14. Fighter pilots' heart rate, heart rate variation and performance during an instrument flight rules proficiency test.

    PubMed

    Mansikka, Heikki; Virtanen, Kai; Harris, Don; Simola, Petteri

    2016-09-01

    Increased task demand will increase the pilot mental workload (PMWL). When PMWL is increased, mental overload may occur resulting in degraded performance. During pilots' instrument flight rules (IFR) proficiency test, PMWL is typically not measured. Therefore, little is known about workload during the proficiency test and pilots' potential to cope with higher task demands than those experienced during the test. In this study, fighter pilots' performance and PMWL was measured during a real IFR proficiency test in an F/A-18 simulator. PMWL was measured using heart rate (HR) and heart rate variation (HRV). Performance was rated using Finnish Air Force's official rating scales. Results indicated that HR and HRV differentiate varying task demands in situations where variations in performance are insignificant. It was concluded that during a proficiency test, PMWL should be measured together with the task performance measurement. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  15. Preparing Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training Graduates for F-35A Training

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-06-11

    the two sides of this argument and analyze the new data acquired from an F-22A lead-in program and the fact that the F-35A has started flying with...flight operations under Instrument or Visual Flight Rules to include day / night IFR operations in the terminal and enroute environment. Have limited

  16. Cockpit Accommodation Assessment of the Bell 412CF Helicopter (Evaluation du Poste de Pilotage de l’Hellcoptere Bell 412CF)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-12-01

    Research, Ottawa , 1998 as issued jointly by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada...Flight Rules ) skills. Nine Bell 412CF helicopters were produced from existing CH-146 Griffons, which posed technical challenges. One such compromise was...IFR (Instrument Flight Rules ) skills. Nine Bell 412CF helicopters were produced from existing CH-146 Griffons, which posed technical challenges. One

  17. 78 FR 58158 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Wasatch, UT

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-23

    ...., long. 111[deg]07'28'' W.; to Lat. 39[deg]03'55'' N., long. 110[deg]37'49'' W.; to Lat. 38[deg]28'51'' N... Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action establishes Class E airspace..., Wasatch, UT, to facilitate vectoring of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Salt Lake...

  18. 75 FR 4268 - Establishment of Class D and E Airspace and Modification of Class E Airspace; State College, PA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-01-27

    ... E Airspace; State College, PA AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule... College, PA, to accommodate a new air traffic control tower at University Park Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations. DATES...

  19. 78 FR 41336 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Wasatch, UT

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-10

    ... lat. 39[deg]03'55'' N., long. 110[deg]37'49'' W.; to lat. 38[deg]28'51'' N., long. 110[deg]38'05'' W... Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Salt Lake City Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC). The... considered before taking action on the proposed rule. The proposal contained in this action may be changed in...

  20. Consolidation and What it Could Mean to Military Helicopter Flight Training

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-05-22

    met? 3. What is the impact or deficiencies in a consolidated syllabus? 4. If unable to productively create a Joint syllabus, can the possibility of...instrument flight rules ( IFR ) flight plan 2. Perform instrument takeoff (ITO) 26U.S, Army. Initial Entry Rotary Wing (IERW) Aviator Course Common...Recommendations will be made by the author and covered later in this chapter. 65 What is the impact or deficiencies in a consolidated syllabus

  1. GPS aviation outage prediction and reporting systems

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1997-11-01

    Use of GPS for instrument flight rule (IFR) air navigation requires that the system have integrity. Integrity is the ability to detect when a satellite is out of tolerance and should not be used in the navigation solution and then warns the pilot in ...

  2. 78 FR 76052 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Gainesville, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-16

    ... Airport has made reconfiguration necessary for standard instrument approach procedures and for the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date: 0901... for standard instrument approach procedures at Gainesville Municipal Airport, Gainesville, TX...

  3. 77 FR 52219 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Lewistown, MT

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-29

    ... Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Lewistown Municipal Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR...) standard instrument approach procedures at the airport. This action is necessary for the safety and...

  4. 76 FR 55232 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Copperhill, TN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-07

    ...) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures serving Martin Campbell Field Airport. This action enhances the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations within the National Airspace... Positioning System (GPS) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures developed for Martin Campbell Field Airport...

  5. 78 FR 67295 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Washington, KS

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-12

    ... Airport has made reconfiguration necessary for standard instrument approach procedures and for the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. Geographic coordinates are... approach procedures at Washington County Memorial Airport, Washington, KS. Airspace configuration is...

  6. 78 FR 38197 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Port Townsend, WA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-06-26

    ... Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Jefferson County International Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules... airport, to accommodate IFR aircraft executing new RNAV (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures...

  7. Study to determine the IFR operational profile and problems of the general aviation single pilot

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Weislogel, G. S.

    1983-01-01

    General aviation single pilot operating under instrument flight rules (GA SPIFR) was studied. The objectives of the study were to (1) develop a GA SPIFR operational profile, (2) identify problems experienced by the GA SPIFR pilot, and (3) identify research tasks which have the potential for eliminating or reducing the severity of the problems. To obtain the information necessary to accomplish these objectives, a mail questionnaire survey of instrument rated pilots was conducted. The general aviation IFR single pilot operational profile and selected data analysis examples are presented.

  8. Targeted NextGen Capabilities for 2025

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-11-01

    increased arrival capacity to single runways by reducing longitudinal wake separation standards for Instrument Flight Rules ( IFR ) operations under certain...b. ABSTRACT unclassified c. THIS PAGE unclassified Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18 Targeted NextGen Capabilities...The examples cited are not intended to cover every aircraft and every flight. In some instances, the available capabilities for 2025 will not be

  9. 78 FR 52115 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Olean, NY

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-22

    ... Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM). SUMMARY: This action... decommissioned, requiring airspace redesign at Cattaraugus County-Olean Airport. This action would enhance the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. This action...

  10. 78 FR 67324 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Lapeer, MI

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-12

    ... Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM). SUMMARY: This action... taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for... and suggestions presented are particularly helpful in developing reasoned regulatory decisions on the...

  11. 78 FR 47238 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Wadena, MN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-05

    ... Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM). SUMMARY: This action... this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs... and suggestions presented are particularly helpful in developing reasoned regulatory decisions on the...

  12. 78 FR 48079 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Danville, VA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-07

    ... Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM). SUMMARY: This action...). This action would enhance the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. This action also would update the airport's geographic coordinates. DATES...

  13. Vortex Advisory System Safety Analysis : Volume 1. Analytical Model

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1978-09-01

    The Vortex Advisory System (VAS) is based on wind criterion--when the wind near the runway end is outside of the criterion, all interarrival Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft separations can be set at 3 nautical miles. Five years of wind data ha...

  14. Vortex Advisory System : Volume 1. Effectiveness for Selected Airports.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1980-05-01

    The Vortex Advisory System (VAS) is based on wind criterion--when the wind near the runway end is outside of the criterion, all interarrival Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft separations can be set at 3 nautical miles. Five years of wind data ha...

  15. 75 FR 81437 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Farmington, MO

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-28

    ... Farmington, MO, to accommodate new Area Navigation (RNAV) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Farmington Regional Airport, Farmington, MO. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. [[Page 81438

  16. 78 FR 72008 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Aliceville, AL

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-02

    ...) Standard Instrument Approach Procedure (SIAP) serving George Downer Airport. This action enhances the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective 0901..., providing the controlled airspace required to accommodate the new RNAV (GPS) Standard Instrument Approach...

  17. 76 FR 59503 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Lebanon, PA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-27

    ... at Lebanon, PA, to accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures that have been developed... of the airport. This action enhances the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR... support new standard instrument approach procedures developed at Keller Brothers Airport, Lebanon, PA. The...

  18. 76 FR 41397 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Florence, OR

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-14

    ... (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Florence Municipal Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date, 0901...) standard instrument approach procedures at the airport. This action is necessary for the safety and...

  19. 76 FR 82113 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Show Low, AZ

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-30

    ... Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Show Low Regional Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR... executing RNAV (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at the airport. This action is necessary for...

  20. 76 FR 43615 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Evansville, IN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-21

    ... to accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Evansville Regional Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for... new standard instrument approach procedures at Evansville Regional Airport, Evansville, IN. Controlled...

  1. 78 FR 16400 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Morrisville, VT

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-15

    ... Standard Instrument Approach Procedures have been developed at Morrisville-Stowe State Airport. This action enhances the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES... Approach Procedures developed for Morrisville-Stowe State Airport . The Morrisville-Stowe NDB has been...

  2. 76 FR 14802 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Lancaster, NH

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-18

    ... Standard Instrument Approach Procedure (SIAP) serving the Weeks Medical Center Heliport. This action enhances the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations within the National... required to support the special standard instrument approach procedures developed for Weeks Medical Center...

  3. 78 FR 67294 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Wadena, MN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-12

    ... Approach Procedures at Wadena Municipal Airport. The airport's geographic coordinates are also adjusted. This action enhances the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the... extending upward from 700 feet above the surface to accommodate new standard instrument approach procedures...

  4. 76 FR 14801 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Colebrook, NH

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-18

    ... Standard Instrument Approach Procedure (SIAP) serving the Upper Connecticut Valley Hospital Heliport. This action enhances the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations within the... approach procedures developed for Upper Connecticut Valley Hospital Heliport. This action is necessary for...

  5. 75 FR 62457 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Port Clarence, AK

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-12

    ... airstrip and has developed a military-use instrument approach procedure. This instrument approach procedure... Class E airspace for air traffic management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations. DATES... published in the notice of proposed rulemaking. The establishment of an instrument approach procedure...

  6. 78 FR 67293 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Kankakee, IL

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-12

    ... Instrument Approach Procedures at Greater Kankakee Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. Geographic coordinates... new standard instrument approach procedures at Greater Kankakee Airport, Kankakee, IL. Accordingly...

  7. 76 FR 57634 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Chinle, AZ

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-16

    ...) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Chinle Municipal Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES... RNAV (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at the airport. This action is necessary for the...

  8. 76 FR 52230 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Forest, VA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-22

    ... Instrument Approach Procedures serving New London Airport. This action enhances the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations within the National Airspace System. DATES: Effective... to support the new RNAV GPS standard instrument approach procedures developed for New London Airport...

  9. 77 FR 67782 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Casper, WY

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-11-14

    ..., Natrona County International Airport, Casper, WY, to facilitate vectoring of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR... Range Tactical Air Navigation (VORTAC) has made reconfiguration necessary for the safety and management of aircraft operations at Casper, Natrona County International Airport, Casper, WY. DATES: Comments...

  10. 78 FR 57789 - Establishment and Modification of Class E Airspace; Oakland, CA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-20

    ... Class E airspace at Metropolitan Oakland International Airport, Oakland, CA, to accommodate aircraft... at Metropolitan Oakland International Airport. This action also modifies Class E surface airspace.... This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport...

  11. 77 FR 45240 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Quakertown, PA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-31

    ... at Quakertown, PA, to accommodate the new Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Quakertown Airport. This action enhances the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations within the National Airspace System. [[Page 45241...

  12. 78 FR 67024 - Modification of Class E Airspace; Prineville, OR

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-08

    ... Prineville, OR, to accommodate Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Prineville Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. This action also adjusts the geographic coordinates of the...

  13. 76 FR 45180 - Modification of Class E Airspace; Alturas, CA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-28

    ... Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Alturas Municipal Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date, 0901 UTC, October 20, 2011. The Director of the Federal...

  14. 77 FR 45241 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Apopka, FL

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-31

    ... at Apopka, FL, to accommodate the new Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Orlando Apopka Airport. This action enhances the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations within the National Airspace System. DATES: Effective...

  15. 77 FR 45240 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Arcadia, FL

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-31

    ... at Arcadia, FL, to accommodate the new Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Arcadia Municipal Airport. This action enhances the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations within the National Airspace System. DATES...

  16. 77 FR 44120 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Roundup, MT

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-27

    ... at Roundup Airport, Roundup, MT, to accommodate aircraft using new Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Roundup Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date, 0901...

  17. 76 FR 45177 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Kayenta, AZ

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-28

    ... Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Kayenta Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date, 0901 UTC, October 20, 2011. The Director of the Federal Register...

  18. Regionalization of the C-17A Home Station Check to Minimize Costs

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-06-13

    flexibility, and impact to combat operations. The goal of this research is to provide an analysis to determine if there are benefits to C-17 HSC...of the flight and 310 knots or 0.74 Mach for the cruise portion, and used standard Instrument Flight Rules ( IFR ) routes of flight to each base...maintenance flexibility, and possible impact to combat operations. Thus, despite the savings potential, there are a few limitations worth mentioning in

  19. 77 FR 49400 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Marysville, OH

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-16

    ...: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM). SUMMARY: This action proposes to amend Class E airspace at Marysville, OH. Additional controlled airspace is necessary... taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for...

  20. 78 FR 41837 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Parkston, SD

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-12

    ... Instrument Approach Procedures at Parkston Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date... airspace exists to contain new standard instrument approach procedures at the airport. Controlled airspace...

  1. 78 FR 41838 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Colt, AR

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-12

    ... Instrument Approach Procedures at Delta Regional Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date: 0901... exists to contain new standard instrument approach procedures at the airport. Controlled airspace...

  2. 75 FR 81438 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Columbus, OH

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-28

    ... the Columbus, OH, area, to accommodate Area Navigation (RNAV) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Port Columbus International Airport, Columbus, OH. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective...

  3. 78 FR 14478 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Linton, ND

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-06

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Linton Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs... accommodate new standard instrument approach procedures at Linton Municipal Airport, Linton, ND. Controlled...

  4. 76 FR 34196 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Forest, VA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-06-13

    ...) Global Positioning System (GPS) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures serving New London Airport. This action would enhance the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations...; Airspace Docket No. 11-AEA-11) and be submitted in triplicate to the Docket Management System (see...

  5. 78 FR 76053 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Loup City, NE

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-16

    ... (RNAV) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Loup City Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport... contain aircraft executing new standard instrument approach procedures at the airport. Controlled airspace...

  6. 77 FR 29871 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Branson West, MO

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-05-21

    ... airspace at Branson West, MO, to accommodate new Area Navigation (RNAV) Standard Instrument Approach... safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date... accommodate new standard instrument approach procedures at Branson West Municipal- Emerson Field Airport, and...

  7. 78 FR 67292 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Carlsbad, NM

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-12

    ...) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Cavern City Air Terminal. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES... feet above the surface to contain aircraft executing new standard instrument approach procedures at...

  8. 77 FR 29865 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Leesville, LA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-05-21

    ... (RNAV) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Leesville Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES... accommodate new standard instrument approach procedures at Leesville Airport, Leesville, LA. This action is...

  9. 76 FR 54155 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Danville, PA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-31

    ...) Global Positioning System (GPS) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Danville Airport. This action would enhance the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the... submitted in triplicate to the Docket Management System (see ADDRESSES section for address and phone number...

  10. 76 FR 30821 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Duluth, MN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-27

    ... accommodate new Area Navigation (RNAV) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Duluth International Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR... 700 feet above the surface, for new standard instrument approach procedures at Duluth International...

  11. 77 FR 29875 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Houston, MO

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-05-21

    ... Instrument Approach Procedures at Houston Memorial Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date... accommodate new standard instrument approach procedures at Houston Memorial Airport, Houston, MO. This action...

  12. 77 FR 65462 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; La Belle, FL

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-29

    ...) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at La Belle Municipal Airport. This action enhances the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations within the National Airspace System. DATES... accommodate the new RNAV GPS Standard Instrument Approach Procedures developed for La Belle Municipal Airport...

  13. 78 FR 14475 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Cleveland, TN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-06

    ...) Global Positioning System (GPS) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Cleveland Regional Jetport. This action would enhance the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR...; Airspace Docket No. 12-ASO-47) and be submitted in triplicate to the Docket Management System (see...

  14. 77 FR 17327 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Hastings, NE

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-03-26

    ...) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Hastings Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES... accommodate new RNAV standard instrument approach procedures at Hastings Municipal Airport, Hastings, NE. This...

  15. 76 FR 35370 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Copperhill, TN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-06-17

    ...) Global Positioning System (GPS) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Martin Campbell Field Airport. This action would enhance the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR... submitted in triplicate to the Docket Management System (see ADDRESSES section for address and phone number...

  16. 78 FR 52083 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Fort Polk, LA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-22

    ...) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Polk Army Airfield (AAF). The airport's geographic coordinates are also adjusted. This action enhances the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR... extending upward from 700 feet above the surface to accommodate new standard instrument approach procedures...

  17. 78 FR 1750 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Princeton, KY

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-01-09

    ... the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations within the National Airspace System. This action also makes a minor adjustment to the geographic coordinates of the airport... action qualifies for categorical exclusion under the National Environmental Policy Act in accordance with...

  18. 78 FR 72010 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Magee, MS

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-02

    ... safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations within the National Airspace System. This action also updates the geographic coordinates of the airport. DATES: Effective 0901 UTC.... Subsequent to publication, the FAA found an error in the geographic coordinates of Magee Municipal Airport...

  19. 77 FR 16669 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Bellefonte, PA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-03-22

    ... at Bellefonte, PA, to accommodate new Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Bellefonte Airport. This action enhances the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective 0901 UTC, May 31, 2012. The...

  20. 76 FR 45177 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Nephi, UT

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-28

    ... at Nephi UT, to accommodate aircraft using new Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Nephi Municipal Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date, 0901 UTC, October...

  1. 75 FR 12974 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Hailey, ID

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-18

    ... airspace at Hailey, ID, to accommodate aircraft using the Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) Standard Instrument Approach Procedure (SIAP) at Friedman Memorial Airport. This will improve the safety of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective Date: 0901 UTC, June...

  2. 76 FR 69608 - Modification of Class E Airspace; Blythe, CA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-09

    ... Blythe, CA, to accommodate aircraft using Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Blythe Airport. This action also corrects geographic coordinates in the regulatory text. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the...

  3. 78 FR 22415 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Astoria, OR

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-16

    ... Astoria Regional Airport, Astoria, OR, to accommodate aircraft using Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at the airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date, 0901 UTC, June...

  4. 77 FR 55691 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Circle Town, MT

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-11

    ... (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Circle Town County Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date, 0901 UTC, November 15, 2012. The Director of the Federal Register approves...

  5. 78 FR 22417 - Modification of Class E Airspace; Lakeview, OR

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-16

    ... Lakeview, OR, to accommodate aircraft using Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Lakeview County Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. This action also corrects the airport name. DATES...

  6. 77 FR 55692 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Fort Garland, CO

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-11

    ... accommodate aircraft using new Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Trinchera Ranch Airstrip Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date, 0901 UTC, November 15, 2012...

  7. 78 FR 48841 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Kankakee, IL

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-12

    ...: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM). SUMMARY: This action proposes to amend Class E airspace at Kankakee, IL. Additional controlled airspace is necessary to... taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for...

  8. 77 FR 56796 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Sault Ste Marie, ON

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-14

    ...: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM). SUMMARY: This action proposes to amend Class E airspace at Sault Ste Marie, ON. Changes to controlled airspace are... action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport...

  9. 77 FR 39651 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Circle Town, MT

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-05

    ... origin. Issued in Seattle, Washington, on June 25, 2012. John Warner, Manager, Operations Support Group... action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at Circle Town County Airport. DATES: Comments must be received on or before August 20, 2012. ADDRESSES: Send comments...

  10. 76 FR 61258 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Allakaket, AK

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-04

    ... Allakaket, AK, to accommodate the amendment of one Standard Instrument Approach Procedure at the Allakaket Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR... Regulations, part 51, subject to the annual revision of FAA Order 7400.9 and publication of conforming...

  11. 75 FR 65254 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Benton, IL

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-22

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Benton Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs... comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey...

  12. 78 FR 25234 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Walker, MN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-30

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Walker Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs... on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey Avenue...

  13. 77 FR 71365 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Beeville, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-11-30

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs) at Chase Field Industrial Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for.... ADDRESSES: Send comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of [[Page 71366

  14. 78 FR 48838 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Curtis, NE

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-12

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Curtis Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs... comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey...

  15. 77 FR 4713 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Red Cloud, NE

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-01-31

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Red Cloud Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for...: Send comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of [[Page 4714

  16. 75 FR 64965 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Mansfield, OH

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-21

    ... to accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs) at Mansfield Lahm Regional Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR... comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey...

  17. 75 FR 66301 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Corpus Christi, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-28

    ... the Corpus Christi, TX, area. Additional controlled airspace is necessary to accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Corpus Christi International Airport, Corpus Christi, TX. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the...

  18. 76 FR 77449 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Omaha, NE

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-13

    ... new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Eppley Airfield. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs at the... comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey...

  19. 76 FR 1380 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Creighton, NE

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-01-10

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Creighton Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for.... ADDRESSES: Send comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200...

  20. 78 FR 49985 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Sisseton, SD

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-16

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Sisseton Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for... comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey...

  1. 76 FR 16348 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Duluth, MN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-23

    ... proposes to amend Class E airspace at Duluth, MN, to accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Duluth International Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: 0901 UTC. Comments must be...

  2. 75 FR 81440 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Central City, NE

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-28

    ... this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the... airspace at Central City, NE, to accommodate new Area Navigation (RNAV) Standard Instrument Approach... this incorporation by reference action under 1 CFR part 51, subject to the annual revision of FAA Order...

  3. 77 FR 71367 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Round Mountain, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-11-30

    ... necessary to accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs) at West Ranch Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR.... ADDRESSES: Send comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200...

  4. 75 FR 78645 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Kenton, OH

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-16

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Hardin County Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs...: Send comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New...

  5. 76 FR 66854 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Nuiqsut, AK

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-28

    ... Nuiqsut, AK, to accommodate the amendment of two standard instrument approach procedures at the Nuiqsut Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR..., Nuiqsut, AK, to accommodate the amendment of a two standard instrument approach procedures. The Class E...

  6. 76 FR 60714 - Revision of Class E Airspace; Northway, AK

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-30

    ... Northway, AK, to accommodate the amendment of one Standard Instrument Approach Procedure at the Northway Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR... incorporation by reference action under title 1, Code of Federal Regulations, part 51, subject to the annual...

  7. 78 FR 49986 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Loup City, NE

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-16

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Loup City Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for... comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 [[Page 49987...

  8. 78 FR 25233 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Mahnomen, MN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-30

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Mahnomen County Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs... on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey Avenue...

  9. 76 FR 72867 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Hastings, NE

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-28

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Hastings Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for... comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey...

  10. 75 FR 81436 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Mansfield, OH

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-28

    ... Mansfield, OH, to accommodate new Area Navigation (RNAV) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Mansfield Lahm Regional Airport, Mansfield, OH. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date: 0901 UTC, March...

  11. 75 FR 81441 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Benton, IL

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-28

    ... at Benton, IL, to accommodate new Area Navigation (RNAV) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Benton Municipal Airport, Benton, IL. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date: 0901 UTC, March...

  12. 78 FR 25232 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Parkston, SD

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-30

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Parkston Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for... comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey...

  13. 78 FR 25231 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Colt, AR

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-30

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Delta Regional Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs... on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey Avenue...

  14. 76 FR 21826 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Drummond Island, MI

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-19

    ... necessary to accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Drummond Island Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at... standard instrument approach procedures at Drummond Island Airport, Drummond Island, MI. Adjustments to the...

  15. 75 FR 66302 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Kaiser/Lake Ozark, MO

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-28

    ... Class E airspace for the Kaiser/Lake Ozark, MO, area to accommodate Area Navigation (RNAV) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Camdenton Memorial Airport, Camdenton, MO. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport...

  16. 75 FR 64969 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Farmington, MO

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-21

    ... to accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs) at Farmington Regional Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR.... ADDRESSES: Send comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200...

  17. 75 FR 27495 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Litchfield, MN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-05-17

    ... to accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs) at Litchfield Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR... comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey...

  18. 77 FR 4711 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Houston, MO

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-01-31

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Houston Memorial Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs...: Send comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New...

  19. 75 FR 34393 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Port Clarence, AK

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-06-17

    ...: This action proposes to establish Class E airspace at Port Clarence Coast Guard Station (CGS), AK. The... approach procedure. This instrument approach development at the Port Clarence CGS Airport has made this action necessary to enhance safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations. DATES...

  20. 76 FR 77448 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Omaha, NE

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-13

    ... new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Eppley Airfield. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs at the... comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey...

  1. 76 FR 5301 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Bedford, IN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-01-31

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Bedford Medical Center Heliport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at... comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey...

  2. 78 FR 41839 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Presidio, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-12

    ... Instrument Approach Procedures at Presidio Lely International Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES... by reference action under 1 CFR Part 51, subject to the annual revision of FAA Order 7400.9 and...

  3. 76 FR 28684 - Proposed Amendment of Class D Airspace; Denton, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-18

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Denton Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport... from the surface up to but not including 2,500 feet for standard instrument approach procedures at...

  4. 77 FR 71368 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Tecumseh, NE

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-11-30

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs) at Tecumseh Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for.... ADDRESSES: Send comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200...

  5. 76 FR 53359 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Nashville, AR

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-26

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Howard County Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs...: Send comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New...

  6. 76 FR 21831 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Hearne, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-19

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Hearne Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs... comments on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey...

  7. 78 FR 18262 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Ogallala, NE

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-26

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Searle Field Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs at the... standard instrument approach procedures at Searle Field Airport, Ogallala, NE. A small segment would extend...

  8. 78 FR 18261 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Gruver, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-26

    ... Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Gruver Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs at the... the airport is available to contain aircraft executing new standard instrument approach procedures at...

  9. 77 FR 39652 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; La Belle, FL

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-05

    ...) Global Positioning System (GPS) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at La Belle Municipal Airport. This action would enhance the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR...; Airspace Docket No. 12-ASO-29) and be submitted in triplicate to the Docket Management System (see...

  10. 77 FR 29874 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Freer, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-05-21

    ... Instrument Approach Procedures at Seven C's Ranch Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date... accommodate new standard instrument approach procedures at Seven C's Ranch Airport, Freer, TX. This action is...

  11. 76 FR 14820 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Waynesboro, VA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-18

    ... Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs) developed for Eagle's Nest Airport. This action would enhance the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: 0901... submitted in triplicate to the Docket Management System (see ADDRESSES section for address and phone number...

  12. 76 FR 54151 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Kwigillingok, AK

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-31

    ... approach procedures at the Kwigillingok Airport has made this action necessary to enhance safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations. DATES: Comments must be received on or before October 17, 2011. ADDRESSES: Send comments on the proposal to the Docket Management Facility, U.S. Department...

  13. 78 FR 52085 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Stockton, KS

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-22

    ... Instrument Approach Procedures at Rooks County Regional Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective Date... radius to 10.1 miles south of the airport to contain aircraft executing new standard instrument approach...

  14. 77 FR 29872 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Pender, NE

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-05-21

    ... Instrument Approach Procedures at Pender Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date... extending upward from 700 feet above the surface to accommodate new standard instrument approach procedures...

  15. 76 FR 49390 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Palmyra, PA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-10

    ...) Global Positioning System (GPS) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Reigle Field. This action would enhance the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the...; Airspace Docket No. 11-ASO-17) and be submitted in triplicate to the Docket Management System (see...

  16. 77 FR 29871 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Red Cloud, NE

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-05-21

    ... Instrument Approach Procedures at Red Cloud Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date... to accommodate new standard instrument approach procedures at Red Cloud Municipal Airport, Red Cloud...

  17. 76 FR 53636 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Gary, IN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-29

    ... accommodate new Area Navigation (RNAV) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Gary/Chicago International Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR... controlled airspace at Gary/Chicago International Airport (76 FR 28686) Docket No. FAA-2011-0427. Interested...

  18. 78 FR 52084 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Harlingen, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-22

    .../nondirectional radio beacon (LOM/NDB) at Valley International Airport. The airport's name and geographic coordinates are also updated. This action enhances the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR... airspace at Valley International Airport (77 FR 25226) Docket No. FAA-2012-1140. Interested parties were...

  19. 77 FR 42430 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; West Memphis, AR

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-19

    ... Airport from the Class E airspace of Memphis International Airport, Memphis, TN, has made this action necessary to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport... airspace surrounding West Memphis Municipal Airport from the Class E airspace area of Memphis International...

  20. 75 FR 11476 - Proposed Amendment of Class D and E Airspace; Victorville, CA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-11

    ... needed for Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at Southern California Logistics Airport that would... Southern California Logistics Airport, Victorville, CA excluding that airspace within a 1.5-mile radius of... International Airport to Southern California Logistics Airport, in both Class D and E airspace descriptions...

  1. 76 FR 72838 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Luray, VA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-28

    ... Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations within the National Airspace System. This action also makes a minor adjustment to the geographic coordinates of the airport. DATES: Effective 0901 UTC, February 9, 2012. The... geographic coordinates of the airport needed to be adjusted. This action makes that adjustment. Class E...

  2. 76 FR 67056 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Jacksonville, NC

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-31

    ... management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations within the National Airspace System. This action also makes a minor adjustment to the geographic coordinates of the airport. DATES: Effective 0901 UTC..., the FAA found that the geographic coordinates for Albert J. Ellis Airport needed to be adjusted. This...

  3. 77 FR 1012 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Inverness, FL

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-01-09

    ... airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations within the National Airspace System. This action also makes a minor adjustment to the geographic coordinates of the airport. DATES: Effective 0901.... Subsequent to publication, the FAA found that the geographic coordinates for Inverness Airport needed to be...

  4. 76 FR 21827 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; El Dorado, KS

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-19

    ...-directional beacon (NDB) at Captain Jack Thomas/El Dorado Airport, El Dorado, KS, has made this action necessary for the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at Captain Jack Thomas... instrument approach procedures at Captain Jack Thomas/El Dorado Airport, El Dorado, KS. Airspace...

  5. 75 FR 39147 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Bryce Canyon, UT

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-07-08

    ... E airspace at Bryce Canyon, UT, to accommodate aircraft using a new Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs) at Bryce Canyon Airport. This will improve the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES...

  6. 76 FR 75448 - Establishment of Class D and E Airspace; Frederick, MD

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-02

    ... and E airspace at Frederick, MD, to accommodate new Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System... enhances the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs at the airport. DATES: Effective 0901 UTC, February 9, 2012. The Director of the Federal Register approves this...

  7. 77 FR 49720 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Chenega Bay, AK

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-17

    ... at Chenega Bay, AK, to accommodate aircraft using a new Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Chenega Bay Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date, 0901 UTC...

  8. 75 FR 37294 - Modification of Class E Airspace; Kelso, WA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-06-29

    ... airspace at Kelso, WA, to accommodate aircraft using a new Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System... improve the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date, 0901 UTC, September 23, 2010. The Director of the Federal Register approves this...

  9. 78 FR 65556 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Cut Bank, MT

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-01

    ...-0532; Airspace Docket No. 13-ANM-21] Establishment of Class E Airspace; Cut Bank, MT AGENCY: Federal... at the Cut Bank VHF Omni-Directional Radio Range Tactical Air Navigational Aid (VORTAC) navigation aid, Cut Bank, MT, to facilitate vectoring of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of...

  10. 78 FR 78300 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Albuquerque, NM

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-26

    ... Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Albuquerque Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC... be changed in light of comments received. All comments submitted will be available for examination in... http://www.faa.gov/airports_airtraffic/air_traffic/publications/airspace_amendments/ . You may review...

  11. 78 FR 78296 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Needles, CA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-26

    ... Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Los Angeles Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC... be changed in light of comments received. All comments submitted will be available for examination in... http://www.faa.gov/airports_airtraffic/air_traffic/publications/airspace_amendments/ . You may review...

  12. 78 FR 77023 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Tucumcari, NM

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-20

    ... Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Albuquerque Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC... be changed in light of comments received. All comments submitted will be available for examination in... http://www.faa.gov/airports_airtraffic/air_traffic/publications/airspace_amendments/ . You may review...

  13. 78 FR 78299 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Truth or Consequences, NM

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-26

    ...-0995; Airspace Docket No. 13-ASW-30] Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Truth or Consequences... Truth or Consequences VHF Omni-Directional Radio Range Tactical Air Navigation Aid (VORTAC), Truth or Consequences, NM, to facilitate vectoring of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of...

  14. 78 FR 18801 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Beeville, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-28

    ... Instrument Approach Procedures at Chase Field Industrial Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective... Federal Register a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to establish Class E airspace at Chase Industrial...

  15. 76 FR 5306 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Indianapolis Executive Airport, IN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-01-31

    ... Airport, IN AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM). SUMMARY: This action proposes to amend Class E airspace for the Indianapolis Executive Airport... management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: 0901 UTC. Comments must be...

  16. 77 FR 41259 - Modification of Class E Airspace; Plentywood, MT

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-13

    ... Plentywood Sher-Wood Airport, Plentywood, MT. Controlled airspace is necessary to accommodate aircraft using... Plentywood Sher-Wood Airport. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR... modifying Class E airspace extending upward from 700 feet above the surface at Plentywood Sher-Wood Airport...

  17. 76 FR 24409 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Ava, MO

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-02

    ...) at Bill Martin Memorial Airport, Ava, MO, has made this action necessary for the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at Bill Martin Memorial Airport. DATES: Comments must... from 700 feet above the surface for standard instrument approach procedures at Bill Martin Memorial...

  18. 78 FR 65555 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Salmon, ID

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-01

    ...-0531; Airspace Docket No. 13-ANM-20] Establishment of Class E Airspace; Salmon, ID AGENCY: Federal... at the Salmon VHF Omni-Directional Radio Range/Distance Measuring Equipment (VOR/DME) navigation aid, Salmon, ID, to facilitate vectoring of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Salt Lake...

  19. Human factors in aviation: Terminal control area boundary conflicts

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Monan, William P.

    1989-01-01

    Air-to-air conflicts in the vicinity of Terminal Control Area (TCA) boundaries were studied to obtain a better understanding of the causal dynamics of these events with particular focus on human factor issues. The study dataset consisted of 381 Instrument Flight Rules/Visual Flight Rules (IFR/VFR) traffic conflicts in airspace layers above TCA ceiling and below TCA floors; 213 reports of incursions in TCA terminal airspace by VFR aircraft, of which 123 resulted in conflicts; and an additional set of reports describing problems with Air Traffic Control (ATC) services in and around TCAs. Results and conclusions are detailed.

  20. Age and expertise effects in aviation decision making and flight control in a flight simulator.

    PubMed

    Kennedy, Quinn; Taylor, Joy L; Reade, Gordon; Yesavage, Jerome A

    2010-05-01

    Age (due to declines in cognitive abilities necessary for navigation) and level of aviation expertise are two factors that may affect aviation performance and decision making under adverse weather conditions. We examined the roles of age, expertise, and their relationship on aviation decision making and flight control performance during a flight simulator task. Seventy-two IFR-rated general aviators, aged 19-79 yr, made multiple approach, holding pattern entry, and landing decisions while navigating under Instrument Flight Rules weather conditions. Over three trials in which the fog level varied, subjects decided whether or not to land the aircraft. They also completed two holding pattern entries. Subjects' flight control during approaches and holding patterns was measured. Older pilots (41+ yr) were more likely than younger pilots to land when visibility was inadequate (older pilots' mean false alarm rate: 0.44 vs 0.25). They also showed less precise flight control for components of the approach, performing 0.16 SD below mean approach scores. Expertise attenuated an age-related decline in flight control during holding patterns: older IFR/CFI performed 0.73 SD below mean score; younger IFR/CFI, younger CFII/ATP, older CFII/ATP: 0.32, 0.26, 0.03 SD above mean score. Additionally, pilots with faster processing speed (by median split) had a higher mean landing decision false alarm rate (0.42 vs 0.28), yet performed 0.14 SD above the mean approach control score. Results have implications regarding specialized training for older pilots and for understanding processes involved in older adults' real world decision making and performance.

  1. Single pilot IFR accident data analysis

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Harris, D. F.

    1983-01-01

    The aircraft accident data recorded by the National Transportation and Safety Board (NTSR) for 1964-1979 were analyzed to determine what problems exist in the general aviation (GA) single pilot instrument flight rule (SPIFR) environment. A previous study conducted in 1978 for the years 1964-1975 provided a basis for comparison. This effort was generally limited to SPIFR pilot error landing phase accidents but includes some SPIFR takeoff and enroute accident analysis as well as some dual pilot IFR accident analysis for comparison. Analysis was performed for 554 accidents of which 39% (216) occurred during the years 1976-1979.

  2. 78 FR 18268 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Blue Mesa, CO

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-26

    ...-0193; Airspace Docket No. 13-ANM-9] Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Blue Mesa, CO AGENCY... action proposes to establish Class E airspace at the Blue Mesa VHF Omni-Directional Radio Range/Distance Measuring Equipment (VOR/DME), Blue Mesa, CO to facilitate vectoring of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR...

  3. 77 FR 19931 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Boyne City, MI

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-03

    ...) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at Boyne City Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES... reference action under 1 CFR part 51, subject to the annual revision of FAA Order 7400.9 and publication of...

  4. 78 FR 19097 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Round Mountain, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-29

    ...) Standard Instrument Approach Procedures at West Ranch Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date... action under 1 CFR part 51, subject to the annual revision of FAA Order 7400.9 and publication of...

  5. 78 FR 77351 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Sisseton, SD

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-23

    ... Instrument Approach Procedures at Sisseton Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date... action under 1 CFR part 51, subject to the annual revision of FAA Order 7400.9 and publication of...

  6. 76 FR 20280 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Campbellton, TX

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-12

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at 74 Ranch Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs at the... this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE...

  7. 75 FR 14381 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Mount Airy, NC

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-25

    ... triplicate to the Docket Management System (see ADDRESSES section for address and phone number). You may also... proposes to amend Class E Airspace at Mount Airy, NC, to accommodate the additional airspace needed for the... enhances the safety and airspace management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport...

  8. 77 FR 4710 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Eldon, MO

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-01-31

    ... accommodate new Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAP) at Eldon Model Airpark. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs at the... on this proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, 1200 New Jersey Avenue...

  9. 78 FR 33965 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Linton, ND

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-06-06

    ... Instrument Approach Procedures at Linton Municipal Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Effective date... reference action under 1 CFR part 51, subject to the annual revision of FAA Order 7400.9 and publication of...

  10. 76 FR 56354 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Anaktuvuk Pass, AK

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-13

    ... approach procedures at the Anaktuvuk Pass Airport has made this action necessary to enhance safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations. DATES: Comments must be received on or before October 28, 2011. ADDRESSES: Send comments on the proposal to the Docket Management Facility, U.S. Department...

  11. 76 FR 52291 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Jacksonville, NC

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-22

    ... action proposes to amend Class E Airspace at Jacksonville, NC, as new Standard Instrument Approach... management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport. DATES: Comments must be received on or... triplicate to the Docket Management System (see ADDRESSES section for address and phone number). You may also...

  12. 75 FR 33556 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Port Angeles, WA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-06-14

    ... action proposes to amend Class E airspace at William R. Fairchild International Airport, Port Angeles, WA... proposing this action for the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the... triplicate to the Docket Management System (see ``ADDRESSES'' section for address and phone number). You may...

  13. 78 FR 7993 - Amendment of Class D and E Airspace; Tri-Cities, TN; Revocation of Class E Airspace; Tri-City, TN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-02-05

    ... of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations within the National Airspace System. This action also updates the geographic coordinates, airport name, and airspace designation. Also, this action corrects... controlled airspace within the National Airspace System. The FAA has determined that this regulation only...

  14. 78 FR 25227 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Live Oak, FL

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-30

    ... action proposes to amend Class E Airspace in the Live Oak, FL area, as new Standard Instrument Approach...-0001; Airspace Docket No. 12-ASO-45] Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Live Oak, FL AGENCY... continued safety and management of instrument flight rules (IFR) operations for SIAPs within the Live Oak...

  15. 14 CFR 135.209 - VFR: Fuel supply.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false VFR: Fuel supply. 135.209 Section 135.209... AND ON DEMAND OPERATIONS AND RULES GOVERNING PERSONS ON BOARD SUCH AIRCRAFT VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.209 VFR: Fuel supply. (a) No person may begin a flight operation in...

  16. 78 FR 45475 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Rome, OR

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-29

    ... Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Salt Lake City, Oakland and Seattle Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCCs). The FAA is proposing this action to enhance the safety and management of... proposal contained in this action may be changed in light of comments received. All comments submitted will...

  17. 78 FR 13843 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Bend, OR

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-01

    ...-0026; Airspace Docket No. 13-ANM-3] Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Bend, OR AGENCY: Federal... proposes to modify Class E airspace at Bend, OR to accommodate aircraft departing and arriving under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) at Bend Municipal Airport. This action would enhance the safety and management...

  18. Age and Expertise Effects in Aviation Decision Making and Flight Control in a Flight Simulator

    PubMed Central

    Kennedy, Quinn; Taylor, Joy L.; Reade, Gordon; Yesavage, Jerome A.

    2010-01-01

    Introduction Age (due to declines in cognitive abilities necessary for navigation) and level of aviation expertise are two factors that may affect aviation performance and decision making under adverse weather conditions. We examined the roles of age, expertise, and their relationship on aviation decision making and flight control performance during a flight simulator task. Methods Seventy-two IFR-rated general aviators, aged 19–79 yr, made multiple approach, holding pattern entry, and landing decisions while navigating under Instrument Flight Rules weather conditions. Over three trials in which the fog level varied, subjects decided whether or not to land the aircraft. They also completed two holding pattern entries. Subjects’ flight control during approaches and holding patterns was measured. Results Older pilots (41+ yr) were more likely than younger pilots to land when visibility was inadequate (older pilots’ mean false alarm rate: 0.44 vs 0.25). They also showed less precise flight control for components of the approach, performing 0.16 SD below mean approach scores. Expertise attenuated an age-related decline in flight control during holding patterns: older IFR/CFI performed 0.73 SD below mean score; younger IFR/CFI, younger CFII/ATP, older CFII/ATP: 0.32, 0.26, 0.03 SD above mean score. Additionally, pilots with faster processing speed (by median split) had a higher mean landing decision false alarm rate (0.42 vs 0.28), yet performed 0.14 SD above the mean approach control score. Conclusions Results have implications regarding specialized training for older pilots and for understanding processes involved in older adults’ real world decision making and performance. PMID:20464816

  19. Development of a computer program data base of a navigation aid environment for simulated IFR flight and landing studies

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bergeron, H. P.; Haynie, A. T.; Mcdede, J. B.

    1980-01-01

    A general aviation single pilot instrument flight rule simulation capability was developed. Problems experienced by single pilots flying in IFR conditions were investigated. The simulation required a three dimensional spatial navaid environment of a flight navigational area. A computer simulation of all the navigational aids plus 12 selected airports located in the Washington/Norfolk area was developed. All programmed locations in the list were referenced to a Cartesian coordinate system with the origin located at a specified airport's reference point. All navigational aids with their associated frequencies, call letters, locations, and orientations plus runways and true headings are included in the data base. The simulation included a TV displayed out-the-window visual scene of country and suburban terrain and a scaled model runway complex. Any of the programmed runways, with all its associated navaids, can be referenced to a runway on the airport in this visual scene. This allows a simulation of a full mission scenario including breakout and landing.

  20. 78 FR 21044 - Amendment of Class D and Class E Airspace; Reading, PA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-09

    ...This action amends Class D and Class E Airspace at Reading, PA, as the SHAPP OM navigation aid has been decommissioned, requiring the modification of Standard Instrument Approach Procedures (SIAPs) at Reading Regional/Carl A. Spaatz Field. This action enhances the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations at the airport.

  1. 76 FR 34627 - Proposed Modification of Offshore Airspace Areas: Norton Sound Low, Control 1234L and Control...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-06-14

    ...: Norton Sound Low, Control 1234L and Control 1487L; Alaska AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA... Low, Control 1234L, and Control 1487L Offshore Airspace Areas in Alaska. The airspace floors would be... there is a requirement to provide Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) en route Air Traffic Control (ATC...

  2. 77 FR 45237 - Amendment of Class D and E Airspace; Fort Rucker, AL

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-31

    ...; Airspace Docket No. 12-ASO-30] Amendment of Class D and E Airspace; Fort Rucker, AL AGENCY: Federal... Class D and E Airspace at Fort Rucker, AL, by updating the geographic coordinates of Cairns Army Air... continued safety and management of instrument flight rules (IFR) operations within the Fort Rucker, AL...

  3. Study to determine the IFR operational profile and problems to the general aviation pilot

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Weislogel, S.

    1983-01-01

    A study of the general aviation single pilot operating under instrument flight rules (GA SPIFR) has been conducted for NASA Langley Research Center. The objectives of the study were to (1) develop a GA SPIFR operational profile, (2) identify problems experienced by the GA SPIFR pilot, and (3) identify research tasks which have the potential for eliminating or reducing the severity of the problems. To obtain the information necessary to accomplish these objectives, a mail questionnaire survey of instrument rated pilots was conducted. Complete questionnaire data is reported in NASA CR-165805, "Statistical Summary: Study to Determine the IFR Operational Profile and Problems of the General Aviation Single Pilot'-Based upon the results of the GA SPIFR survey, this final report presents the general aviation IFR single pilot operational profile, illustrates selected data analysis, examples, identifies the problems which he is experiencing, and recommends further research.

  4. 76 FR 40797 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Lincoln City, OR

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-12

    ...This action establishes Class E airspace at Lincoln City, OR, to accommodate aircraft using a new Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures at Samaritan North Lincoln Hospital Heliport. This action also corrects the name of the city were the Heliport is located. This improves the safety and management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations.

  5. Value of Forecaster in the Loop

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-09-01

    forecast system IFR instrument flight rules IMC instrument meteorological conditions LAMP Localized Aviation Model Output Statistics Program METOC...obtaining valuable experience. Additional factors have impacted the Navy weather forecast process. There has been a the realignment of the meteorology...forecasts that are assessed, it may be a relatively small number that have direct impact on the decision-making process. Whether the value is minimal or

  6. Analysis of general aviation single-pilot IFR incident data obtained from the NASA Aviation Safety Reporting System

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bergeron, H. P.

    1983-01-01

    An analysis of incident data obtained from the NASA Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) has been made to determine the problem areas in general aviation single-pilot IFR (SPIFR) operations. The Aviation Safety Reporting System data base is a compilation of voluntary reports of incidents from any person who has observed or been involved in an occurrence which was believed to have posed a threat to flight safety. This paper examines only those reported incidents specifically related to general aviation single-pilot IFR operations. The frequency of occurrence of factors related to the incidents was the criterion used to define significant problem areas and, hence, to suggest where research is needed. The data was cataloged into one of five major problem areas: (1) controller judgment and response problems, (2) pilot judgment and response problems, (3) air traffic control (ATC) intrafacility and interfacility conflicts, (4) ATC and pilot communication problems, and (5) IFR-VFR conflicts. In addition, several points common to all or most of the problems were observed and reported. These included human error, communications, procedures and rules, and work load.

  7. Conflict Resolution Performance in an Experimental Study of En Route Free Maneuvering Operations

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Doble, Nathan A.; Barhydt, Richard; Hitt, James M., II

    2005-01-01

    NASA has developed a far-term air traffic management concept, termed Distributed Air/Ground Traffic Management (DAG-TM). One component of DAG-TM, En Route Free Maneuvering, allows properly trained flight crews of equipped autonomous aircraft to assume responsibility for separation from other autonomous aircraft and from Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft. Ground-based air traffic controllers continue to separate IFR traffic and issue flow management constraints to all aircraft. To examine En Route Free Maneuvering operations, a joint human-in-the-loop experiment was conducted in summer 2004 at the NASA Ames and Langley Research Centers. Test subject pilots used desktop flight simulators to resolve traffic conflicts and adhere to air traffic flow constraints issued by subject controllers. The experimental airspace integrated both autonomous and IFR aircraft at varying traffic densities. This paper presents a subset of the En Route Free Maneuvering experimental results, focusing on airborne and ground-based conflict resolution, and the effects of increased traffic levels on the ability of pilots and air traffic controllers to perform this task. The results show that, in general, increases in autonomous traffic do not significantly impact conflict resolution performance. In addition, pilot acceptability of autonomous operations remains high throughout the range of traffic densities studied. Together with previously reported findings, these results continue to support the feasibility of the En Route Free Maneuvering component of DAG-TM.

  8. Current good manufacturing practices, quality control procedures, quality factors, notification requirements, and records and reports, for infant formula. Final rule.

    PubMed

    2014-06-10

    The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or we) is issuing a final rule that adopts, with some modifications, the interim final rule (IFR) entitled "Current Good Manufacturing Practices, Quality Control Procedures, Quality Factors, Notification Requirements, and Records and Reports, for Infant Formula'' (February 10, 2014). This final rule affirms the IFR's changes to FDA's regulations and provides additional modifications and clarifications. The final rule also responds to certain comments submitted in response to the request for comments in the IFR.

  9. 14 CFR 91.167 - Fuel requirements for flight in IFR conditions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Fuel requirements for flight in IFR conditions. 91.167 Section 91.167 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... operate a civil aircraft in IFR conditions unless it carries enough fuel (considering weather reports and...

  10. 14 CFR 91.167 - Fuel requirements for flight in IFR conditions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fuel requirements for flight in IFR conditions. 91.167 Section 91.167 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... operate a civil aircraft in IFR conditions unless it carries enough fuel (considering weather reports and...

  11. 14 CFR 91.167 - Fuel requirements for flight in IFR conditions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Fuel requirements for flight in IFR conditions. 91.167 Section 91.167 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... operate a civil aircraft in IFR conditions unless it carries enough fuel (considering weather reports and...

  12. 14 CFR 91.167 - Fuel requirements for flight in IFR conditions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Fuel requirements for flight in IFR conditions. 91.167 Section 91.167 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... operate a civil aircraft in IFR conditions unless it carries enough fuel (considering weather reports and...

  13. 14 CFR 91.167 - Fuel requirements for flight in IFR conditions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Fuel requirements for flight in IFR conditions. 91.167 Section 91.167 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... operate a civil aircraft in IFR conditions unless it carries enough fuel (considering weather reports and...

  14. 14 CFR 125.361 - Flight release under IFR or over-the-top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Flight release under IFR or over-the-top. 125.361 Section 125.361 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... release an airplane for operations under IFR or over-the-top unless appropriate weather reports or...

  15. 14 CFR 125.361 - Flight release under IFR or over-the-top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Flight release under IFR or over-the-top. 125.361 Section 125.361 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... release an airplane for operations under IFR or over-the-top unless appropriate weather reports or...

  16. 14 CFR 125.361 - Flight release under IFR or over-the-top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Flight release under IFR or over-the-top. 125.361 Section 125.361 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... release an airplane for operations under IFR or over-the-top unless appropriate weather reports or...

  17. 14 CFR 125.361 - Flight release under IFR or over-the-top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Flight release under IFR or over-the-top. 125.361 Section 125.361 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... release an airplane for operations under IFR or over-the-top unless appropriate weather reports or...

  18. 14 CFR 125.361 - Flight release under IFR or over-the-top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Flight release under IFR or over-the-top. 125.361 Section 125.361 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... release an airplane for operations under IFR or over-the-top unless appropriate weather reports or...

  19. Understanding Optimal Decision-Making in Wargaming

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-09-01

    of which is a better understanding of the impact of decisions as a part of combat processes. However, using wargaming to understand decision-making...Raymond, 1989). In the aviation domain, pilots exhibit different visual scanning patterns during various phases of flying under instrument flight rules ( IFR ...human neuro- science, 7, 2013. Anna Skinner, Chris Berka, Lindsay Ohara-Long, and Marc Sebrechts. Impact of virtual en- vironment fidelity on behavioral

  20. Understanding Optimal Decision-Making in Wargaming

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-10-01

    beneficial outcomes from wargaming, one of which is a better understanding of the impact of decisions as a part of combat processes. However, using...under instrument flight rules ( IFR ) (Bellenkes et al., 1997; Katoh, 1997). Of note, eye-tracking technology also has been applied to investigate...Neuroscience, 7 . Skinner, A., Berka, C., Ohara-Long, L., & Sebrechts, M. (2010). Impact of Virtual En- vironment Fidelity on Behavioral and

  1. 78 FR 78794 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Flagstaff, AZ

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-27

    ...This action proposes to establish Class E airspace at the Flagstaff VHF Omni-Directional Radio Range/Distance Measuring Equipment (VOR/DME) navigation aid, Flagstaff, AZ, to facilitate vectoring of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Albuquerque Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC). The FAA is proposing this action to enhance the safety and management of aircraft operations within the National Airspace System.

  2. Standards to prevent, detect, and respond to sexual abuse and sexual harassment involving unaccompanied children. Interim final rule (IFR).

    PubMed

    2014-12-24

    This IFR proposes standards and procedures to prevent, detect, and respond to sexual abuse and sexual harassment involving unaccompanied children (UCs) in ORR's care provider facilities. DATES: This IFR is effective on December 24, 2014. ORR care provider facilities must be in compliance with this IFR by June 24, 2015 but encourages care provider facilities to be in compliance sooner, if possible. HHS will work with facilities to implement and enforce the standards contained in this rule. Comments on this IFR must be received on or before February 23, 2015.

  3. U.S. Army Aviator Job Analysis

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-08-01

    Differences by Airframe AH-64D CH-47 OH-58 UH-60 Task M SD M SD M SD M SD Plan IFR flight 3.56 1.25 3.41 1.15 2.00 1.43 4.07 .84 Perform aircraft...1.64 3.13 1.36 night systems Perform flight navigation by dead 3.91 .98 3.86 1.03 3.29 1.07 4.06 .87 reckoning Perform appropriate IFR approach 3.67...2. Check status of aircraft @ (D () T 3. Plan VFR flight T (Z 3 e 4. Plan IFR flight @ T 0 3 e 5. Perform tactical flight mission planning using the

  4. 78 FR 16823 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Tuba City, AZ

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-19

    ...., long. 109[deg]35'55'' W.; to lat. 37[deg]04'41'' N., long. 109[deg]38'16'' W.; to lat. 36[deg]57'10'' N...., long. 110[deg]38'05'' W.; to lat. 39[deg]03'55'' N., long. 110[deg]37'49'' W.; thence to the point of... Air Navigational Aid (VORTAC), Tuba City, AZ to facilitate vectoring of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR...

  5. Incorporating Data Link Messaging into a Multi-function Display for General Aviation Aircraft

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Adams, Catherine A.; Murdoch, Jennifer L.

    2006-01-01

    One objective of the Small Aircraft Transportation System (SATS) Project is to increase the capacity and utilization of small non-towered, non-radar equipped airports by transferring traffic management activities to an automated system and separation responsibilities to general aviation (GA) pilots. This paper describes the development of a research multi-function display (MFD) to support the interaction between pilots and an automated Airport Management Module (AMM). Preliminary results of simulation and flight tests indicate that adding the responsibility of monitoring other traffic for self-separation does not increase pilots subjective workload levels. Pilots preferred using the enhanced MFD to execute flight procedures, reporting improved situation awareness over conventional instrument flight rules (IFR) procedures.

  6. Flight tests of IFR landing approach systems for helicopters

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bull, J. S.; Hegarty, D. M.; Peach, L. L.; Phillips, J. D.; Anderson, D. J.; Dugan, D. C.; Ross, V. L.

    1981-01-01

    Joint NASA/FAA helicopter flight tests were conducted to investigate airborne radar approaches (ARA) and microwave landing system (MLS) approaches. Flight-test results were utilized to prove NASA with a data base to be used as a performance measure for advanced guidance and navigation concepts, and to provide FAA with data for establishment of TERPS criteria. The first flight-test investigation consisted of helicopter IFR approaches to offshore oil rigs in the Gulf of Mexico, using weather/mapping radar, operational pilots, and a Bell 212 helicopter. The second flight-test investigation consisted of IFR MLS approaches at Crows Landing (near Ames Research Center), with a Bell UH-1H helicopter, using NASA, FAA, and operational industry pilots. Tests are described and results discussed.

  7. 14 CFR 135.101 - Second in command required under IFR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Second in command required under IFR. 135... Flight Operations § 135.101 Second in command required under IFR. Except as provided in § 135.105, no person may operate an aircraft carrying passengers under IFR unless there is a second in command in the...

  8. 14 CFR 135.101 - Second in command required under IFR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Second in command required under IFR. 135... Flight Operations § 135.101 Second in command required under IFR. Except as provided in § 135.105, no person may operate an aircraft carrying passengers under IFR unless there is a second in command in the...

  9. 14 CFR 135.101 - Second in command required under IFR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Second in command required under IFR. 135... Flight Operations § 135.101 Second in command required under IFR. Except as provided in § 135.105, no person may operate an aircraft carrying passengers under IFR unless there is a second in command in the...

  10. 14 CFR 135.101 - Second in command required under IFR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Second in command required under IFR. 135... Flight Operations § 135.101 Second in command required under IFR. Except as provided in § 135.105, no person may operate an aircraft carrying passengers under IFR unless there is a second in command in the...

  11. 14 CFR 135.101 - Second in command required under IFR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Second in command required under IFR. 135... Flight Operations § 135.101 Second in command required under IFR. Except as provided in § 135.105, no person may operate an aircraft carrying passengers under IFR unless there is a second in command in the...

  12. Simulation studies of STOL airplane operations in metropolitan downtown and airport air traffic control environments

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Sawyer, R. H.; Mclaughlin, M. D.

    1974-01-01

    The operating problems and equipment requirements for STOL airplanes in terminal area operations in simulated air traffic control (ATC) environments were studied. These studies consisted of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) arrivals and departures in the New York area to and from a downtown STOL port, STOL runways at John F. Kennedy International Airport, or STOL runways at a hypothetical international airport. The studies were accomplished in real time by using a STOL airplane flight simulator. An experimental powered lift STOL airplane and two in-service airplanes having high aerodynamic lift (i.e., STOL) capability were used in the simulations.

  13. Advanced Weather Awareness and Reporting Enhancements

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Busquets, Anthony M. (Technical Monitor); Ruokangas, Corinne Clinton; Kelly, Wallace E., III

    2005-01-01

    AWARE (Aviation Weather Awareness and Reporting Enhancements) was a NASA Cooperative Research and Development program conducted jointly by Rockwell Scientific, Rockwell Collins, and NASA. The effort culminated in an enhanced weather briefing and reporting tool prototype designed to integrate graphical and text-based aviation weather data to provide clear situational awareness in the context of a specific pilot, flight and equipment profile. The initial implementation of AWARE was as a web-based preflight planning tool, specifically for general aviation pilots, who do not have access to support such as the dispatchers available for commercial airlines. Initial usability tests showed that for VFR (Visual Flight Rules) pilots, AWARE provided faster and more effective weather evaluation. In a subsequent formal usability test for IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) pilots, all users finished the AWARE tests faster than the parallel DUAT tests, and all subjects graded AWARE higher for effectiveness, efficiency, and usability. The decision analysis basis of AWARE differentiates it from other aviation safety programs, providing analysis of context-sensitive data in a personalized graphical format to aid pilots/dispatchers in their complex flight requirements.

  14. Assessment of pilot workload - Converging measures from performance based, subjective and psychophysiological techniques

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kramer, Arthur F.; Sirevaag, Erik J.; Braune, Rolf

    1986-01-01

    This study explores the relationship between the P300 component of the event-related brain potential (ERP) and the processing demands of a complex real-world task. Seven male volunteers enrolled in an Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) aviation course flew a series of missions in a single engine fixed-based simulator. In dual task conditions subjects were also required to discriminate between two tones differing in frequency. ERPs time-locked to the tones, subjective effort ratings and overt performance measures were collected during two 45 min flights differing in difficulty (manipulated by varying both atmospheric conditions and instrument reliability). The more difficult flight was associated with poorer performance, increased subjective effort ratings, and smaller secondary task P300s. Within each flight, P300 amplitude was negatively correlated with deviations from command headings indicating that P300 amplitude was a sensitive workload metric both between and within the flight missions.

  15. 14 CFR 121.613 - Dispatch or flight release under IFR or over the top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Dispatch or flight release under IFR or over the top. 121.613 Section 121.613 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT... appropriate weather reports or forecasts, or any combination thereof, indicate that the weather conditions...

  16. 14 CFR 121.613 - Dispatch or flight release under IFR or over the top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Dispatch or flight release under IFR or over the top. 121.613 Section 121.613 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT... appropriate weather reports or forecasts, or any combination thereof, indicate that the weather conditions...

  17. 14 CFR 121.613 - Dispatch or flight release under IFR or over the top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Dispatch or flight release under IFR or over the top. 121.613 Section 121.613 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT... appropriate weather reports or forecasts, or any combination thereof, indicate that the weather conditions...

  18. 14 CFR 121.613 - Dispatch or flight release under IFR or over the top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Dispatch or flight release under IFR or over the top. 121.613 Section 121.613 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT... appropriate weather reports or forecasts, or any combination thereof, indicate that the weather conditions...

  19. 14 CFR 121.613 - Dispatch or flight release under IFR or over the top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Dispatch or flight release under IFR or over the top. 121.613 Section 121.613 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT... appropriate weather reports or forecasts, or any combination thereof, indicate that the weather conditions...

  20. Incorporating data link messaging into a multi-function display to support the Small Aircraft Transportation System (SATS) and the self-separation of general aviation aircraft.

    PubMed

    Adams, Catherine A; Murdoch, Jennifer L; Consiglio, Maria C; Williams, Daniel M

    2007-07-01

    One objective of the Small Aircraft Transportation System (SATS) Project is to increase the capacity and utilization of small non-towered, non-radar equipped airports by transferring traffic management activities to an automated system and separation responsibilities to general aviation (GA) pilots. This paper describes the development of a research multi-function display (MFD) to support the interaction between pilots and an automated Airport Management Module (AMM). Preliminary results of simulation and flight tests indicate that adding the responsibility of monitoring other traffic for self-separation does not increase pilots' subjective workload levels. Pilots preferred using the enhanced MFD to execute flight procedures, reporting improved situation awareness (SA) over conventional instrument flight rules (IFR) procedures.

  1. Logistics and Maintenance Options to Support the P-8A Poseidon’s Expeditionary Mission

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-06-01

    Equipment HOA Horn Of Africa ICD Initial Capabilities Document IFR In Flight Refueling ISR Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance JOA...will transition to the new MPRF platform 18 one base and one squadron at a time beginning with the Fleet Readiness Squadron ( FRS ) and VP squadrons...and is equipped with in a universal aerial refueling receptacle that will provide In-Flight Refueling ( IFR ) capability. This new in-flight

  2. 76 FR 78141 - Pilot, Flight Instructor, and Pilot School Certification; Technical Amendment

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-16

    ... command under IFR or in weather conditions less than the minimums prescribed for VFR. Finally, this... pilot in command under IFR or in weather conditions less than the minimums prescribed for VFR. Under... command under IFR or in weather conditions less than the minimums prescribed for VFR. In the 2009 final...

  3. 14 CFR 121.652 - Landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders. 121.652 Section 121.652 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT... Rules § 121.652 Landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders. (a) If the pilot in command of...

  4. 14 CFR 121.652 - Landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders. 121.652 Section 121.652 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT... Rules § 121.652 Landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders. (a) If the pilot in command of...

  5. 14 CFR 121.652 - Landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders. 121.652 Section 121.652 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT... Rules § 121.652 Landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders. (a) If the pilot in command of...

  6. 14 CFR 121.652 - Landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders. 121.652 Section 121.652 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT... Rules § 121.652 Landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders. (a) If the pilot in command of...

  7. 14 CFR 121.652 - Landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders. 121.652 Section 121.652 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT... Rules § 121.652 Landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders. (a) If the pilot in command of...

  8. 76 FR 51847 - Air Cargo Screening

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-18

    ...This rule amends two provisions of the Air Cargo Screening Interim Final Rule (IFR) issued on September 16, 2009, and responds to public comments on the IFR. The IFR codified a statutory requirement of the Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007 that the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) establish a system to screen 100 percent of cargo transported on passenger aircraft not later than August 3, 2010. It established the Certified Cargo Screening Program, in which TSA certifies shippers, indirect air carriers, and other entities as Certified Cargo Screening Facilities (CCSFs) to screen cargo prior to transport on passenger aircraft. Under the IFR, each CCSF applicant had to successfully undergo an assessment of their facility by a TSA-approved validation firm or by TSA. In response to public comment, this Final Rule removes all validation firm and validator provisions, so that TSA will continue to conduct assessments of the applicant's facility to determine if certification is appropriate. The IFR also required that if an aircraft operator or foreign air carrier screens cargo off an airport, it must do so as a CCSF. The Final Rule deletes this requirement, as aircraft operators are already screening cargo on airport under a TSA-approved security program, and do not need a separate certification to screen cargo off airport. This rule also proposes a fee range for the processing of Security Threat Assessments, and seeks comment on the proposed fee range and the methodology used to develop the fee. TSA will announce the final fee in a future Federal Register notice.

  9. What's the Rush? IFRS, the SEC, and the Pressure on Accounting Instructors to Teach Still More Financial Reporting Rules

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cherry, Alan A.; Schwartz, Bill N.

    2013-01-01

    This paper addresses the problems facing accounting instructors in the U.S. as they struggle with pressure to incorporate IFRS into an already crowded financial accounting curriculum. To help instructors better understand the advantages and disadvantages of financial reporting under IFRS, we provide a critical analysis of arguments that have been…

  10. A Method of Separation Assurance for Instrument Flight Procedures at Non-Radar Airports

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Conway, Sheila R.; Consiglio, Maria

    2002-01-01

    A method to provide automated air traffic separation assurance services during approach to or departure from a non-radar, non-towered airport environment is described. The method is constrained by provision of these services without radical changes or ambitious investments in current ground-based technologies. The proposed procedures are designed to grant access to a large number of airfields that currently have no or very limited access under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR), thus increasing mobility with minimal infrastructure investment. This paper primarily addresses a low-cost option for airport and instrument approach infrastructure, but is designed to be an architecture from which a more efficient, albeit more complex, system may be developed. A functional description of the capabilities in the current NAS infrastructure is provided. Automated terminal operations and procedures are introduced. Rules of engagement and the operations are defined. Results of preliminary simulation testing are presented. Finally, application of the method to more terminal-like operations, and major research areas, including necessary piloted studies, are discussed.

  11. JPL's Real-Time Weather Processor project (RWP) metrics and observations at system completion

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Loesh, Robert E.; Conover, Robert A.; Malhotra, Shan

    1990-01-01

    As an integral part of the overall upgraded National Airspace System (NAS), the objective of the Real-Time Weather Processor (RWP) project is to improve the quality of weather information and the timeliness of its dissemination to system users. To accomplish this, an RWP will be installed in each of the Center Weather Service Units (CWSUs), located in 21 of the 23 Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCCs). The RWP System is a prototype system. It is planned that the software will be GFE and that production hardware will be acquired via industry competitive procurement. The ARTCC is a facility established to provide air traffic control service to aircraft operating on Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) flight plans within controlled airspace, principally during the en route phase of the flight. Covered here are requirement metrics, Software Problem Failure Reports (SPFRs), and Ada portability metrics and observations.

  12. 77 FR 44121 - Procedures for the Handling of Retaliation Complaints Under the Employee Protection Provision of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-27

    ...This document provides the final text of regulations governing employee protection (or ``whistleblower'') claims under the Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1982 (STAA), as amended, implementing statutory changes to STAA enacted into law on August 3, 2007, as part of the Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007. On August 31, 2010, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) published an interim final rule (IFR) for STAA whistleblower complaints in the Federal Register and requested public comment on the IFR. This final rule implements changes to the IFR in response to comments received, where appropriate. This final rule also finalizes changes to the procedures for handling whistleblower complaints under STAA that were designed to make them more consistent with OSHA's procedures for handling retaliation complaints under Section 211 of the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974, and other whistleblower provisions. It also sets forth interpretations of STAA.

  13. Irresistable: Service Masks, Goldwater-Nichols, and Overcoming Service Barriers to JFACC

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-06-10

    Air Forces IFR In Flight Refueling JCS Joint Chiefs of Staff JFACC Joint Force Air Component Commander JFC Joint Force Commander LOC Lines of...culture, diplomacy, and beyond.7 The focus is on the personalities that build and develop the technology and thus their impact on history. This broad...embarked Air Group 5 contained propeller and first-generation jets. In the days before in- flight-refueling ( IFR ), these aircraft could only manage a

  14. Single pilot IFR operating problems determined from accidental data analysis

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Forsyth, D. L.; Shaughnessy, J. D.

    1978-01-01

    The accident reports examined were restricted to instrument rated pilots flying in IFR weather. A brief examination was made of accidents which occurred during all phases of flight and which were due to all causes. A detailed examination was made of those accidents which involved a single pilot which occurred during the landing phases of flight, and were due to pilot error. Problem areas found include: (1) landing phase operations especially final approach, (2) pilot weather briefings, (3) night approaches in low IFR weather, (4) below minimum approaches, (5) aircraft icing, (6) imprecise navigation, (7) descending below minimum IFR altitudes, (8) fuel mismanagement, (9) pilot overconfidence, and (10) high pilot workload especially in twins. Some suggested areas of research included: (1) low cost deicing systems, (2) standardized navigation displays, (3) low cost low-altitude warning systems, (4) improved fuel management systems, (5) improved ATC communications, (6) more effective pilot training and experience acquisition methods, and (7) better weather data dissemination techniques.

  15. Application of speech recognition and synthesis in the general aviation cockpit

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    North, R. A.; Mountford, S. J.; Bergeron, H.

    1984-01-01

    Interactive speech recognition/synthesis technology is assessed as a method for the aleviation of single-pilot IFR flight workloads. Attention was given during this series of evaluations to the conditions typical of general aviation twin-engine aircrft cockpits, covering several commonly encountered IFR flight condition scenarios. The most beneficial speech command tasks are noted to be in the data retrieval domain, which would allow the pilot access to uplinked data, checklists, and performance charts. Data entry tasks also appear to benefit from this technology.

  16. Causes of fatal accidents for instrument-certified and non-certified private pilots.

    PubMed

    Shao, Bob Siyuan; Guindani, Michele; Boyd, Douglas D

    2014-11-01

    Instrument certification (IFR) enhances a pilot's skills in precisely controlling the aircraft and requires a higher level of standards in maintaining heading and altitude compared with the less stringent private pilot certificate. However, there have been no prior studies to compare fatal accident causes for airmen with, and without, this rating, The NTSB accident database was queried for general aviation fatal accidents for private pilots with, and without IFR certification. Exact Poisson tests were used to calculate whether two rate parameters were equal (ratio of 1), normalized to the number of IFR-rated pilots and flight hours in the given time period. Proportion tests were used to determine whether there were significant differences in fatal accident causes between IFR-certified and non-certified pilots. A logistic regression for log-odds success was used in determining the trend and effect of age on fatal accident rates. IFR certification was associated with a reduced risk of accidents due to failure to maintain obstacle/terrain clearance and spatial disorientation for day and night operations respectively. In contrast, the likelihood of fatal accident due to equipment malfunction during day operations was higher for IFR-certified pilots. The fatal accident rate decreased over the last decade for IFR-certified but not for non-IFR-certified private pilots. However, the overall accident rate for IFR-certified private pilots was more than double that of the cohort lacking this certification. Finally, we found a trend for an increased fatality rate with advancing age for both group of pilots. Our findings informs on where training and/or technology should be focused. Both training for aerodynamic stalls, which causes over a quarter of all fatal accidents, should be intensified for both IFR-certified and non-certified private pilots. Similarly, adherence to minimum safe altitudes for both groups of pilots should be encouraged toward reducing the fatal accidents rate due to failure to maintain obstacle/terrain clearance. For night operations, the high percentage of accidents due to spatial disorientation for non-IFR certified airmen suggests that additional training be required for such operations or such flights carry restrictions for this subset of pilots. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  17. XV-15 Tiltrotor Aircraft: 1997 Acoustic Testing

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Edwards, Bryan D.; Conner, David A.

    2003-01-01

    XV-15 acoustic test is discussed, and measured results are presented. The test was conducted by NASA Langley and Bell Helicopter Textron, Inc., during June - July 1997, at the BHTI test site near Waxahachie, Texas. This was the second in a series of three XV-15 tests to document the acoustic signature of the XV-15 tiltrotor aircraft for a variety of flight conditions and minimize the noise signature during approach. Tradeoffs between flight procedures and the measured noise are presented to illustrate the noise abatement flight procedures. The test objectives were to: (1) support operation of future tiltrotors by further developing and demonstrating low-noise flight profiles, while maintaining acceptable handling and ride qualities, and (2) refine approach profiles, selected from previous (1995) tiltrotor testing, to incorporate Instrument Flight Rules (IFR), handling qualities constraints, operations and tradeoffs with sound. Primary emphasis was given to the approach flight conditions where blade-vortex interaction (BVI) noise dominates, because this condition influences community noise impact more than any other. An understanding of this part of the noise generating process could guide the development of low noise flight operations and increase the tiltrotor's acceptance in the community.

  18. Procedures for Handling Retaliation Complaints Under Section 31307 of the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21). Final rule.

    PubMed

    2016-12-14

    On March 16, 2016, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) of the U.S. Department of Labor (Department) issued an interim final rule (IFR) that provided procedures for the Department's processing of complaints under the employee protection (retaliation or whistleblower) provisions of Section 31307 of the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21). The IFR established procedures and time frames for the handling of retaliation complaints under MAP-21, including procedures and time frames for employee complaints to OSHA, investigations by OSHA, appeals of OSHA determinations to an administrative law judge (ALJ) for a hearing de novo, hearings by ALJs, review of ALJ decisions by the Administrative Review Board (ARB) (acting on behalf of the Secretary of Labor) and judicial review of the Secretary's final decision. It also set forth the Department's interpretations of the MAP-21 whistleblower provisions on certain matters. This final rule adopts, without change, the IFR.

  19. 14 CFR 91.1069 - Flight crew: Instrument proficiency check requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... aircraft under IFR unless, since the beginning of the 6th month before that service, that pilot has passed... command pilot of an aircraft under IFR unless, since the beginning of the 12th month before that service... engine-out speed, propeller and supercharger operations, and hydraulic, mechanical, and electrical...

  20. 14 CFR 91.1069 - Flight crew: Instrument proficiency check requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... aircraft under IFR unless, since the beginning of the 6th month before that service, that pilot has passed... command pilot of an aircraft under IFR unless, since the beginning of the 12th month before that service... engine-out speed, propeller and supercharger operations, and hydraulic, mechanical, and electrical...

  1. 14 CFR 91.1069 - Flight crew: Instrument proficiency check requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... aircraft under IFR unless, since the beginning of the 6th month before that service, that pilot has passed... command pilot of an aircraft under IFR unless, since the beginning of the 12th month before that service... engine-out speed, propeller and supercharger operations, and hydraulic, mechanical, and electrical...

  2. Single Pilot Workload Management During Cruise in Entry Level Jets

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Burian, Barbara K.; Pruchnicki, Shawn; Christopher, Bonny; Silverman, Evan; Hackworth, Carla; Rogers, Jason; Williams, Kevin; Drechsler, Gena; Runnels, Barry; Mead, Andy

    2013-01-01

    Advanced technologies and automation are important facilitators of single pilot operations, but they also contribute to the workload management challenges faced by the pilot. We examined task completion, workload management, and automation use in an entry level jet (ELJ) flown by single pilots. Thirteen certificated Cessna Citation Mustang (C510-S) pilots flew an instrument flight rules (IFR) experimental flight in a Cessna Citation Mustang simulator. At one point participants had to descend to meet a crossing restriction prior to a waypoint and prepare for an instrument approach into an un-towered field while facilitating communication from a lost pilot who was flying too low for ATC to hear. Four participants experienced some sort of difficulty with regard to meeting the crossing restriction and almost half (n=6) had problems associated with the instrument approach. Additional errors were also observed including eight participants landing at the airport with an incorrect altimeter setting.

  3. LED instrument approach instruction display

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Meredith, B. D.; Kelly, W. L., IV; Crouch, R. K.

    1979-01-01

    A display employing light emitting diodes (LED's) was developed to demonstrate the feasibility of such displays for presenting landing and navigation information to reduce the workload of general aviation pilots during IFR flight. The display consists of a paper tape reader, digital memory, control electronics, digital latches, and LED alphanumeric displays. A presentable digital countdown clock-timer is included as part of the system to provide a convenient means of monitoring time intervals for precise flight navigation. The system is a limited capability prototype assembled to test pilot reaction to such a device under simulated IFR operation. Pilot opinion indicates that the display is helpful in reducing the IFR pilots workload when used with a runway approach plate. However, the development of a compact, low power second generation display was recommended which could present several instructions simultaneously and provide information update capability. A microprocessor-based display could fulfill these requirements.

  4. In-flight response to a new non-gyroscopic blind flight instrument.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1966-09-01

    A new device which is small, completely self-contained, and which is not susceptible to tumbling, is evaluated. The results indicate that it will enable controlled flight under complete loss of outside visual reference (IFR) conditions. Since no elec...

  5. XV-15 Tiltrotor Aircraft: 1999 Acoustic Testing - Test Report

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Edwards, Bryan D.; Conner, David A.

    2003-01-01

    An XV-15 acoustic test is discussed, and measured results are presented. The test was conducted by NASA Langley and Bell Helicopter Textron, Inc., during October 1999, at the BHTI test site near Waxahachie, Texas. As part of the NASA-sponsored Short Haul Civil Tiltrotor noise reduction initiative, this was the third in a series of three major XV-15 acoustic tests. Their purpose was to document the acoustic signature of the XV-15 tiltrotor aircraft for a variety of flight conditions and to minimize the noise signature during approach. Tradeoffs between flight procedures and the measured noise are presented to illustrate the noise abatement flight procedures. The test objectives were to support operation of future tiltrotors by further developing and demonstrating low-noise flight profiles, while maintaining acceptable handling and ride qualities, and refine approach profiles, selected from previous (1995 & 1997) tiltrotor testing, to incorporate Instrument Flight Rules (IFR), handling qualities constraints, operations and tradeoffs with sound. Primary emphasis was given to the approach flight conditions where blade-vortex interaction (BVI) noise dominates, because this condition influences community noise impact more than any other. An understanding of this part of the noise generating process could guide the development of low noise flight operations and increase the tiltrotor's acceptance in the community.

  6. Joint NASA Ames/Langley Experimental Evaluation of Integrated Air/Ground Operations for En Route Free Maneuvering

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Barhydt, Richard; Kopardekar, Parimal; Battiste, Vernol; Doble, Nathan; Johnson, Walter; Lee, Paul; Prevot, Thomas; Smith, Nancy

    2005-01-01

    In order to meet the anticipated future demand for air travel, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is investigating a new concept of operations known as Distributed Air-Ground Traffic Management (DAG-TM). Under the En Route Free Maneuvering component of DAG-TM, appropriately equipped autonomous aircraft self separate from other autonomous aircraft and from managed aircraft that continue to fly under today s Instrument Flight Rules (IFR). Controllers provide separation services between IFR aircraft and assign traffic flow management constraints to all aircraft. To address concept feasibility issues pertaining to integrated air/ground operations at various traffic levels, NASA Ames and Langley Research Centers conducted a joint human-in-the-loop experiment. Professional airline pilots and air traffic controllers flew a total of 16 scenarios under four conditions: mixed autonomous/managed operations at three traffic levels and a baseline all-managed condition at the lowest traffic level. These scenarios included en route flights and descents to a terminal area meter fix in airspace modeled after the Dallas Ft. Worth area. Pilots of autonomous aircraft met controller assigned meter fix constraints with high success. Separation violations by subject pilots did not appear to vary with traffic level and were mainly attributable to software errors and procedural lapses. Controller workload was lower for mixed flight conditions, even at higher traffic levels. Pilot workload was deemed acceptable under all conditions. Controllers raised several safety concerns, most of which pertained to the occurrence of near-term conflicts between autonomous and managed aircraft. These issues are being addressed through better compatibility between air and ground systems and refinements to air and ground procedures.

  7. 77 FR 4654 - Senior Community Service Employment Program; Final Rule, Additional Indicator on Volunteer Work

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-01-31

    ... rule amends our regulations regarding Performance Accountability for title V of the Older Americans Act... on September 1, 2010. 75 FR 53786. Previously, an interim final rule (IFR) on performance measures... performance through regulation. OAA Sec. 513(b)(3). As established in the SCSEP Final Rule published September...

  8. Analysis of general aviation single-pilot IFR incident data obtained from the NASA aviation safety reporting system

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bergeron, H. P.

    1980-01-01

    Data obtained from the NASA Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) data base were used to determine problems in general aviation single pilot IFR operations. The data examined consisted of incident reports involving flight safety in the National Aviation System. Only those incidents involving general aviation fixed wing aircraft flying under IFR in instrument meteorological conditions were analyzed. The data were cataloged into one of five major problem areas: (1) controller judgement and response problems; (2) pilot judgement and response problems; (3) air traffic control intrafacility and interfacility conflicts; (4) ATC and pilot communications problems; and (5) IFR-VFR conflicts. The significance of the related problems, and the various underlying elements associated with each are discussed. Previous ASRS reports covering several areas of analysis are reviewed.

  9. Making Aircraft Vortices Visible to Radar by Spraying Water into the Wake.

    PubMed

    Shariff, Karim

    2016-12-01

    Aircraft trailing vortices pose a danger to following aircraft during take-off and landing. This necessitates spacing rules, based on aircraft type, to be enforced during approach in IFR (Instrument Flight Regulations) conditions; this can limit airport capacity. To help choose aircraft spacing based on the actual location and strength of the wake, it is proposed that wake vortices can be detected using conventional precipitation and cloud radars. This is enabled by spraying a small quantity water into the wake from near the wing. The vortex strength is revealed by the doppler velocity of the droplets. In the present work, droplet size distributions produced by nozzles used for aerial spraying are considered. Droplet trajectory and evaporation in the flow-field is numerically calculated for a heavy aircraft, followed by an evaluation of radar reflectivity at 6 nautical miles behind the aircraft. Small droplets evaporate away while larger droplets fall out of the wake. In the humid conditions that typically prevail during IFR, a sufficient number of droplets remain in the wake and give good signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). For conditions of average humidity, higher frequency radars combined with spectral processing gives good SNR.

  10. Making Aircraft Vortices Visible to Radar by Spraying Water into the Wake

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shariff, Karim

    2016-01-01

    Aircraft trailing vortices pose a danger to following aircraft during take-off and landing. This necessitates spacing rules, based on aircraft type, to be enforced during approach in IFR (Instrument Flight Regulations) conditions; this can limit airport capacity. To help choose aircraft spacing based on the actual location and strength of the wake, it is proposed that wake vortices can be detected using conventional precipitation and cloud radars. This is enabled by spraying a small quantity water into the wake from near the wing. The vortex strength is revealed by the doppler velocity of the droplets. In the present work, droplet size distributions produced by nozzles used for aerial spraying are considered. Droplet trajectory and evaporation in the flow-field is numerically calculated for a heavy aircraft, followed by an evaluation of radar reflectivity at 6 nautical miles behind the aircraft. Small droplets evaporate away while larger droplets fall out of the wake. In the humid conditions that typically prevail during IFR, a sufficient number of droplets remain in the wake and give good signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). For conditions of average humidity, higher frequency radars combined with spectral processing gives good SNR.

  11. Making Aircraft Vortices Visible to Radar by Spraying Water into the Wake

    PubMed Central

    Shariff, Karim

    2017-01-01

    Aircraft trailing vortices pose a danger to following aircraft during take-off and landing. This necessitates spacing rules, based on aircraft type, to be enforced during approach in IFR (Instrument Flight Regulations) conditions; this can limit airport capacity. To help choose aircraft spacing based on the actual location and strength of the wake, it is proposed that wake vortices can be detected using conventional precipitation and cloud radars. This is enabled by spraying a small quantity water into the wake from near the wing. The vortex strength is revealed by the doppler velocity of the droplets. In the present work, droplet size distributions produced by nozzles used for aerial spraying are considered. Droplet trajectory and evaporation in the flow-field is numerically calculated for a heavy aircraft, followed by an evaluation of radar reflectivity at 6 nautical miles behind the aircraft. Small droplets evaporate away while larger droplets fall out of the wake. In the humid conditions that typically prevail during IFR, a sufficient number of droplets remain in the wake and give good signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). For conditions of average humidity, higher frequency radars combined with spectral processing gives good SNR. PMID:28804200

  12. Flight Test Guide (Part 61 Revised): Instrument Pilot: Helicopter.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Federal Aviation Administration (DOT), Washington, DC. Flight Standards Service.

    The guide provides an outline of the skills required to pass the flight test for an Instrument Pilot Helicopter Rating under Part 61 (revised) of Federal Aviation Regulations. General procedures for flight tests are described and the following pilot operations outlined: maneuvering by reference to instruments, IFR navigation, instrument…

  13. 14 CFR 135.227 - Icing conditions: Operating limitations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... flight attitude instrument system, except under the following conditions: (1) Takeoffs may be made with... flight attitude instrument system. (d) No pilot may fly a helicopter under IFR into known or forecast..., flight attitude instrument system, or wing, except that takeoffs may be made with frost under the wing in...

  14. Incorporating Data Link Features into a Multi-Function Display to Support Self-Separation and Spacing Tasks for General Aviation Pilots

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Adams, Catherine A.; Murdoch, Jennifer L.; Consiglio, Maria C.; WIlliams, Daniel M.

    2005-01-01

    One objective of the Small Aircraft Transportation System (SATS) Higher Volume Operations (HVO) project is to increase the capacity and utilization of small non-towered, non-radar equipped airports by transferring traffic management activities to an automated Airport Management Module (AMM) and separation responsibilities to general aviation (GA) pilots. Implementation of this concept required the development of a research Multi-Function Display (MFD) to support the interactive communications between pilots and the AMM. The interface also had to accommodate traffic awareness, self-separation, and spacing tasks through dynamic messaging and symbology for flight path conformance and conflict detection and alerting (CDA). The display served as the mechanism to support the examination of the viability of executing instrument operations designed for SATS designated airports. Results of simulation and flight experiments conducted at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Langley Research Center indicate that the concept, as facilitated by the research MFD, did not increase pilots subjective workload levels or reduce their situation awareness (SA). Post-test usability assessments revealed that pilots preferred using the enhanced MFD to execute flight procedures, reporting improved SA over conventional instrument flight rules (IFR) procedures.

  15. 32 CFR 245.27 - Data entry.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Data entry. 245.27 Section 245.27 National... Under ESCAT § 245.27 Data entry. Aircraft will file IFR or VFR flight plans, assigned a discrete... entered in the remarks section of the flight plan. The EATPL number will be passed with flight plan data...

  16. 32 CFR 245.27 - Data entry.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Data entry. 245.27 Section 245.27 National... Under ESCAT § 245.27 Data entry. Aircraft will file IFR or VFR flight plans, assigned a discrete... entered in the remarks section of the flight plan. The EATPL number will be passed with flight plan data...

  17. 32 CFR 245.27 - Data entry.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Data entry. 245.27 Section 245.27 National... Under ESCAT § 245.27 Data entry. Aircraft will file IFR or VFR flight plans, assigned a discrete... entered in the remarks section of the flight plan. The EATPL number will be passed with flight plan data...

  18. 32 CFR 245.27 - Data entry.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Data entry. 245.27 Section 245.27 National... Under ESCAT § 245.27 Data entry. Aircraft will file IFR or VFR flight plans, assigned a discrete... entered in the remarks section of the flight plan. The EATPL number will be passed with flight plan data...

  19. 32 CFR 245.27 - Data entry.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Data entry. 245.27 Section 245.27 National... Under ESCAT § 245.27 Data entry. Aircraft will file IFR or VFR flight plans, assigned a discrete... entered in the remarks section of the flight plan. The EATPL number will be passed with flight plan data...

  20. FAIL-SAFE: Fault Aware IntelLigent Software for Exascale

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-06-13

    and that these programs can continue to correct solutions. To broaden the impact of this research, we also needed to be able to ameliorate errors...designing an interface between the application and an introspection framework for resilience ( IFR ) based on the inference engine SHINE; (4) using...the ROSE compiler to translate annotations into reasoning rules for the IFR ; and (5) designing a Knowledge/Experience Database, which will store

  1. Navigation errors encountered using weather-mapping radar for helicopter IFR guidance to oil rigs

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Phillips, J. D.; Bull, J. S.; Hegarty, D. M.; Dugan, D. C.

    1980-01-01

    In 1978 a joint NASA-FAA helicopter flight test was conducted to examine the use of weather-mapping radar for IFR guidance during landing approaches to oil rig helipads. The following navigation errors were measured: total system error, radar-range error, radar-bearing error, and flight technical error. Three problem areas were identified: (1) operational problems leading to pilot blunders, (2) poor navigation to the downwind final approach point, and (3) pure homing on final approach. Analysis of these problem areas suggests improvement in the radar equipment, approach procedure, and pilot training, and gives valuable insight into the development of future navigation aids to serve the off-shore oil industry.

  2. Interplanetary Magnetic Flux Ropes as Agents Connecting Solar Eruptions and Geomagnetic Activities

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Marubashi, K.; Cho, K.-S.; Ishibashi, H.

    2017-12-01

    We investigate the solar wind structure for 11 cases that were selected for the campaign study promoted by the International Study of Earth-affecting Solar Transients (ISEST) MiniMax24 Working Group 4. We can identify clear flux rope signatures in nine cases. The geometries of the nine interplanetary magnetic flux ropes (IFRs) are examined with a model-fitting analysis with cylindrical and toroidal force-free flux rope models. For seven cases in which magnetic fields in the solar source regions were observed, we compare the IFR geometries with magnetic structures in their solar source regions. As a result, we can confirm the coincidence between the IFR orientation and the orientation of the magnetic polarity inversion line (PIL) for six cases, as well as the so-called helicity rule as regards the handedness of the magnetic chirality of the IFR, depending on which hemisphere of the Sun the IFR originated from, the northern or southern hemisphere; namely, the IFR has right-handed (left-handed) magnetic chirality when it is formed in the southern (northern) hemisphere of the Sun. The relationship between the orientation of IFRs and PILs can be taken as evidence that the flux rope structure created in the corona is in most cases carried through interplanetary space with its orientation maintained. In order to predict magnetic field variations on Earth from observations of solar eruptions, further studies are needed about the propagation of IFRs because magnetic fields observed at Earth significantly change depending on which part of the IFR hits the Earth.

  3. Petition to request an exemption from 100 percent identity testing of dietary ingredients: Current Good Manufacturing Practice in Manufacturing, Packaging, Labeling, or Holding Operations for Dietary Supplements. Interim final rule.

    PubMed

    2007-06-25

    The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is issuing an interim final rule (IFR) that sets forth a procedure for requesting an exemption from the requirement in the final rule "Current Good Manufacturing Practice in Manufacturing, Packaging, Labeling, or Holding Operations for Dietary Supplements," published elsewhere in this issue of the Federal Register, that the manufacturer conduct at least one appropriate test or examination to verify the identity of any component that is a dietary ingredient. This IFR allows for submission to, and review by, FDA of an alternative to the required 100 percent identity testing of components that are dietary ingredients, provided certain conditions are met and establishes a requirement for retention of records relating to the FDA's response to an exemption request.

  4. 14 CFR 93.71 - General operating procedures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... of Niagara Falls, New York § 93.71 General operating procedures. (a) Flight restrictions are in effect below 3,500 feet MSL in the airspace above Niagara Falls, New York, west of a line from latitude..., aircraft operating on an ATC-approved IFR flight plan, aircraft operating the Scenic Falls Route pursuant...

  5. 14 CFR 93.71 - General operating procedures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... of Niagara Falls, New York § 93.71 General operating procedures. (a) Flight restrictions are in effect below 3,500 feet MSL in the airspace above Niagara Falls, New York, west of a line from latitude..., aircraft operating on an ATC-approved IFR flight plan, aircraft operating the Scenic Falls Route pursuant...

  6. 14 CFR 93.71 - General operating procedures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... of Niagara Falls, New York § 93.71 General operating procedures. (a) Flight restrictions are in effect below 3,500 feet MSL in the airspace above Niagara Falls, New York, west of a line from latitude..., aircraft operating on an ATC-approved IFR flight plan, aircraft operating the Scenic Falls Route pursuant...

  7. 14 CFR 93.129 - Additional operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES High Density Traffic Airports § 93... under IFR at a designated high density traffic airport without regard to the maximum number of operations allocated for that airport if the operation is not a scheduled operation to or from a high density...

  8. 14 CFR 93.129 - Additional operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES High Density Traffic Airports § 93... under IFR at a designated high density traffic airport without regard to the maximum number of operations allocated for that airport if the operation is not a scheduled operation to or from a high density...

  9. 14 CFR 93.129 - Additional operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES High Density Traffic Airports § 93... under IFR at a designated high density traffic airport without regard to the maximum number of operations allocated for that airport if the operation is not a scheduled operation to or from a high density...

  10. 14 CFR 93.129 - Additional operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES High Density Traffic Airports § 93... under IFR at a designated high density traffic airport without regard to the maximum number of operations allocated for that airport if the operation is not a scheduled operation to or from a high density...

  11. 14 CFR 93.129 - Additional operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES High Density Traffic Airports § 93... under IFR at a designated high density traffic airport without regard to the maximum number of operations allocated for that airport if the operation is not a scheduled operation to or from a high density...

  12. General Aviation Flight Test of Advanced Operations Enabled by Synthetic Vision

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Glaab, Louis J.; Hughhes, Monica F.; Parrish, Russell V.; Takallu, Mohammad A.

    2014-01-01

    A flight test was performed to compare the use of three advanced primary flight and navigation display concepts to a baseline, round-dial concept to assess the potential for advanced operations. The displays were evaluated during visual and instrument approach procedures including an advanced instrument approach resembling a visual airport traffic pattern. Nineteen pilots from three pilot groups, reflecting the diverse piloting skills of the General Aviation pilot population, served as evaluation subjects. The experiment had two thrusts: 1) an examination of the capabilities of low-time (i.e., <400 hours), non-instrument-rated pilots to perform nominal instrument approaches, and 2) an exploration of potential advanced Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC)-like approaches in Instrument Meteorological Conditions (IMC). Within this context, advanced display concepts are considered to include integrated navigation and primary flight displays with either aircraft attitude flight directors or Highway In The Sky (HITS) guidance with and without a synthetic depiction of the external visuals (i.e., synthetic vision). Relative to the first thrust, the results indicate that using an advanced display concept, as tested herein, low-time, non-instrument-rated pilots can exhibit flight-technical performance, subjective workload and situation awareness ratings as good as or better than high-time Instrument Flight Rules (IFR)-rated pilots using Baseline Round Dials for a nominal IMC approach. For the second thrust, the results indicate advanced VMC-like approaches are feasible in IMC, for all pilot groups tested for only the Synthetic Vision System (SVS) advanced display concept.

  13. A flight investigation of simulated data-link communications during single-pilot IFR flight. Volume 1: Experimental design and initial test

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Parker, J. F., Jr.; Duffy, J. W.; Christensen, D. G.

    1981-01-01

    A Flight Data Console simulation of a digital communication link to replace the current voice communication system used in air traffic control (ATC) was developed. The study determined how a digital communications system reduces cockpit workload, improve, flight proficiency, and is acceptable to general aviation pilots. It is shown that instrument flight, including approach and landing, can be accomplished by using a digital data link system for ATC communication.

  14. NASA/ARMY/BELL XV-15 Tiltrotor Low-Noise Terminal Area Operations Flight Research Program

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Edwards, Bryan D.; Conner, David A.; Decker, William A.; Marcolini, Michael A.; Klein, Peter D.

    2001-01-01

    To evaluate the noise reduction potential for tiltrotor aircraft, a series of three XV- 15 acoustic flight tests were conducted over a five-year period by a NASA/Army/Bell Helicopter team. Lower hemispherical noise characteristics for a wide range of steady-state terminal area type operating conditions were measured during the Phase I test and indicated that the takeoff and level flight conditions were not significant contributors to the total noise of tiltrotor operations. Phase I results were also used to design low-noise approach profiles that were tested later during the Phase 2 and Phase 3 tests. These latter phases used large area microphone arrays to directly measure ground noise footprints. Approach profiles emphasized noise reduction while maintaining handling qualities sufficient for tiltrotor commercial passenger ride comfort and flight safety under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) conditions. This paper will discuss the weather, aircraft, tracking, guidance, and acoustic instrumentation systems, as well as the approach profile design philosophy, and the overall test program philosophy. Acoustic results are presented to document the variation in tiltrotor noise due to changes in operating condition, indicating the potential for significant noise reduction using the unique tiltrotor capability of nacelle tilt. Recommendations are made for a final XV-15 test to define the acoustic benefits of the automated approach capability which has recently been added to this testbed aircraft.

  15. Rates and causes of accidents for general aviation aircraft operating in a mountainous and high elevation terrain environment.

    PubMed

    Aguiar, Marisa; Stolzer, Alan; Boyd, Douglas D

    2017-10-01

    Flying over mountainous and/or high elevation terrain is challenging due to rapidly changeable visibility, gusty/rotor winds and downdrafts and the necessity of terrain avoidance. Herein, general aviation accident rates and mishap cause/factors were determined (2001-2014) for a geographical region characterized by such terrain. Accidents in single piston engine-powered aircraft for states west of the US continental divide characterized by mountainous terrain and/or high elevation (MEHET) were identified from the NTSB database. MEHET-related-mishaps were defined as satisfying any one, or more, criteria (controlled flight into terrain/obstacles (CFIT), downdrafts, mountain obscuration, wind-shear, gusting winds, whiteout, instrument meteorological conditions; density altitude, dust-devil) cited as factors/causal in the NTSB report. Statistics employed Poisson distribution and contingency tables. Although the MEHET-related accident rate declined (p<0.001) 57% across the study period, the high proportion of fatal accidents showed little (40-43%) diminution (χ 2 =0.935). CFIT and wind gusts/shear were the most frequent accident cause/factor categories. For CFIT accidents, half occurred in degraded visibility with only 9% operating under instrument flight rules (IFR) and the majority (85%) involving non-turbo-charged engine-powered aircraft. For wind-gust/shear-related accidents, 44% occurred with a cross-wind exceeding the maximum demonstrated aircraft component. Accidents which should have been survivable but which nevertheless resulted in a fatal outcome were characterized by poor accessibility (60%) and shoulder harness under-utilization (41%). Despite a declining MEHET-related accident rate, these mishaps still carry an elevated risk of a fatal outcome. Airmen should be encouraged to operate in this environment utilizing turbo-charged-powered airplanes and flying under IFR to assure terrain clearance. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  16. Flight management research utilizing an oculometer. [pilot scanning behavior during simulated approach and landing

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Spady, A. A., Jr.; Kurbjun, M. C.

    1978-01-01

    This paper presents an overview of the flight management work being conducted using NASA Langley's oculometer system. Tests have been conducted in a Boeing 737 simulator to investigate pilot scan behavior during approach and landing for simulated IFR, VFR, motion versus no motion, standard versus advanced displays, and as a function of various runway patterns and symbology. Results of each of these studies are discussed. For example, results indicate that for the IFR approaches a difference in pilot scan strategy was noted for the manual versus coupled (autopilot) conditions. Also, during the final part of the approach when the pilot looks out-of-the-window he fixates on his aim or impact point on the runway and holds this point until flare initiation.

  17. Flying qualities criteria for GA single pilot IFR operations

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bar-Gill, A.

    1982-01-01

    The flying qualities criteria in general aviation (GA) to decrease accidents are discussed. The following in-flight research is discussed: (1) identification of key aerodynamic configurations; (2) implementation of an in-flight simulator; (3) mission matrix design; (4) experimental systems; (5) data reduction; (6) optimal flight path reconstruction. Some of the accomplished work is reported: an integrated flight testing and flight path reconstruction methodology was developd, high accuracy in trajectory estimation was achieved with an experimental setup, and a part of the flight test series was flown.

  18. Infrared-faint radio sources remain undetected at far-infrared wavelengths. Deep photometric observations using the Herschel Space Observatory

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Herzog, A.; Norris, R. P.; Middelberg, E.; Spitler, L. R.; Leipski, C.; Parker, Q. A.

    2015-08-01

    Context. Showing 1.4 GHz flux densities in the range of a few to a few tens of mJy, infrared-faint radio sources (IFRS) are a type of galaxy characterised by faint or absent near-infrared counterparts and consequently extreme radio-to-infrared flux density ratios up to several thousand. Recent studies showed that IFRS are radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at redshifts ≳2, potentially linked to high-redshift radio galaxies (HzRGs). Aims: This work explores the far-infrared emission of IFRS, providing crucial information on the star forming and AGN activity of IFRS. Furthermore, the data enable examining the putative relationship between IFRS and HzRGs and testing whether IFRS are more distant or fainter siblings of these massive galaxies. Methods: A sample of six IFRS was observed with the Herschel Space Observatory between 100 μm and 500 μm. Using these results, we constrained the nature of IFRS by modelling their broad-band spectral energy distribution (SED). Furthermore, we set an upper limit on their infrared SED and decomposed their emission into contributions from an AGN and from star forming activity. Results: All six observed IFRS were undetected in all five Herschel far-infrared channels (stacking limits: σ = 0.74 mJy at 100 μm, σ = 3.45 mJy at 500 μm). Based on our SED modelling, we ruled out the following objects to explain the photometric characteristics of IFRS: (a) known radio-loud quasars and compact steep-spectrum sources at any redshift; (b) starburst galaxies with and without an AGN and Seyfert galaxies at any redshift, even if the templates were modified; and (c) known HzRGs at z ≲ 10.5. We find that the IFRS analysed in this work can only be explained by objects that fulfil the selection criteria of HzRGs. More precisely, IFRS could be (a) known HzRGs at very high redshifts (z ≳ 10.5); (b) low-luminosity siblings of HzRGs with additional dust obscuration at lower redshifts; (c) scaled or unscaled versions of Cygnus A at any redshift; and (d) scaled and dust-obscured radio-loud quasars or compact steep spectrum sources. We estimated upper limits on the infrared luminosity, the black hole accretion rate, and the star formation rate of IFRS, which all agreed with corresponding numbers of HzRGs. Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA.

  19. 14 CFR 135.173 - Airborne thunderstorm detection equipment requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... weather radar equipment. (b) No person may operate a helicopter that has a passenger seating configuration... approved airborne weather radar equipment. (c) No person may begin a flight under IFR or night VFR...

  20. 14 CFR 91.179 - IFR cruising altitude or flight level.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ...: (1) When operating below 18,000 feet MSL and— (i) On a magnetic course of zero degrees through 179 degrees, any odd thousand foot MSL altitude (such as 3,000, 5,000, or 7,000); or (ii) On a magnetic course... magnetic course of zero degrees through 179 degrees, any odd flight level (such as 190, 210, or 230); or...

  1. 14 CFR 91.179 - IFR cruising altitude or flight level.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ...: (1) When operating below 18,000 feet MSL and— (i) On a magnetic course of zero degrees through 179 degrees, any odd thousand foot MSL altitude (such as 3,000, 5,000, or 7,000); or (ii) On a magnetic course... magnetic course of zero degrees through 179 degrees, any odd flight level (such as 190, 210, or 230); or...

  2. Development and validation of the crew-station system-integration research facility

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Nedell, B.; Hardy, G.; Lichtenstein, T.; Leong, G.; Thompson, D.

    1986-01-01

    The various issues associated with the use of integrated flight management systems in aircraft were discussed. To address these issues a fixed base integrated flight research (IFR) simulation of a helicopter was developed to support experiments that contribute to the understanding of design criteria for rotorcraft cockpits incorporating advanced integrated flight management systems. A validation experiment was conducted that demonstrates the main features of the facility and the capability to conduct crew/system integration research.

  3. 14 CFR 91.175 - Takeoff and landing under IFR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... to a landing. (j) Limitation on procedure turns. In the case of a radar vector to a final approach... image intensifying; (2) The EFVS sensor imagery and aircraft flight symbology (i.e., at least airspeed...

  4. 14 CFR 91.175 - Takeoff and landing under IFR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... to a landing. (j) Limitation on procedure turns. In the case of a radar vector to a final approach... image intensifying; (2) The EFVS sensor imagery and aircraft flight symbology (i.e., at least airspeed...

  5. 14 CFR 91.175 - Takeoff and landing under IFR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... to a landing. (j) Limitation on procedure turns. In the case of a radar vector to a final approach... image intensifying; (2) The EFVS sensor imagery and aircraft flight symbology (i.e., at least airspeed...

  6. 14 CFR 91.175 - Takeoff and landing under IFR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... to a landing. (j) Limitation on procedure turns. In the case of a radar vector to a final approach... image intensifying; (2) The EFVS sensor imagery and aircraft flight symbology (i.e., at least airspeed...

  7. 14 CFR 91.175 - Takeoff and landing under IFR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... to a landing. (j) Limitation on procedure turns. In the case of a radar vector to a final approach... image intensifying; (2) The EFVS sensor imagery and aircraft flight symbology (i.e., at least airspeed...

  8. Aircraft Wake Vortex Spacing System (AVOSS) Performance Update and Validation Study

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Rutishauser, David K.; OConnor, Cornelius J.

    2001-01-01

    An analysis has been performed on data generated from the two most recent field deployments of the Aircraft Wake VOrtex Spacing System (AVOSS). The AVOSS provides reduced aircraft spacing criteria for wake vortex avoidance as compared to the FAA spacing applied under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR). Several field deployments culminating in a system demonstration at Dallas Fort Worth (DFW) International Airport in the summer of 2000 were successful in showing a sound operational concept and the system's potential to provide a significant benefit to airport operations. For DFW, a predicted average throughput increase of 6% was observed. This increase implies 6 or 7 more aircraft on the ground in a one-hour period for DFW operations. Several studies of performance correlations to system configuration options, design options, and system inputs are also reported. The studies focus on the validation performance of the system.

  9. 14 CFR 93.219 - Allocation of slots for essential air service operations and applicable limitations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic... or from a High Density Traffic Airport under the Department of Transportation's Essential Air Service...

  10. 14 CFR 93.217 - Allocation of slots for international operations and applicable limitations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic Airports § 93... available, additional slots during the high density hours shall be allocated at Kennedy Airport for new...

  11. 14 CFR 93.217 - Allocation of slots for international operations and applicable limitations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic Airports § 93... available, additional slots during the high density hours shall be allocated at Kennedy Airport for new...

  12. 14 CFR 93.217 - Allocation of slots for international operations and applicable limitations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic Airports § 93... available, additional slots during the high density hours shall be allocated at Kennedy Airport for new...

  13. 14 CFR 93.217 - Allocation of slots for international operations and applicable limitations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic Airports § 93... available, additional slots during the high density hours shall be allocated at Kennedy Airport for new...

  14. 14 CFR 93.219 - Allocation of slots for essential air service operations and applicable limitations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic... or from a High Density Traffic Airport under the Department of Transportation's Essential Air Service...

  15. 14 CFR 93.217 - Allocation of slots for international operations and applicable limitations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic Airports § 93... available, additional slots during the high density hours shall be allocated at Kennedy Airport for new...

  16. 14 CFR 93.219 - Allocation of slots for essential air service operations and applicable limitations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic... or from a High Density Traffic Airport under the Department of Transportation's Essential Air Service...

  17. 14 CFR 93.219 - Allocation of slots for essential air service operations and applicable limitations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic... or from a High Density Traffic Airport under the Department of Transportation's Essential Air Service...

  18. 14 CFR 93.219 - Allocation of slots for essential air service operations and applicable limitations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic... or from a High Density Traffic Airport under the Department of Transportation's Essential Air Service...

  19. XV-15 Tiltrotor Low Noise Approach Operations

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Conner, David A.; Marcolini, Michael A.; Decker, William A.; Cline, John H.; Edwards, Bryan D.; Nicks, Colby O.; Klein, Peter D.

    1999-01-01

    Acoustic data have been acquired for the XV-15 tiltrotor aircraft performing approach operations for a variety of different approach profile configurations. This flight test program was conducted jointly by NASA, the U.S. Army, and Bell Helicopter Textron, Inc. (BHTI) in June 1997. The XV-15 was flown over a large area microphone array, which was deployed to directly measure the noise footprint produced during actual approach operations. The XV-15 flew realistic approach profiles that culminated in IGE hover over a landing pad. Aircraft tracking and pilot guidance was provided by a Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) and a flight director system developed at BHTI. Approach profile designs emphasized noise reduction while maintaining handling qualities sufficient for tiltrotor commercial passenger ride comfort and flight safety under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) conditions. A discussion of the approach profile design philosophy is provided. Five different approach profiles are discussed in detail -- 3 deg., 6 deg., and 9 deg. approaches, and two very different 3 deg. to 9 deg. segmented approaches. The approach profile characteristics are discussed in detail, followed by the noise footprints and handling qualities. Sound exposure levels are also presented on an averaged basis and as a function of the sideline distance for a number of up-range distances from the landing point. A comparison of the noise contour areas is also provided. The results document the variation in tiltrotor noise due to changes in operating condition, and indicate the potential for significant noise reduction using the unique tiltrotor capability of nacelle tilt.

  20. [New possibilities in emergency medical transportation and emergency services of Polish Medical Air Rescue].

    PubMed

    Gałazkowski, Robert

    2010-01-01

    In Poland, two types of medical services are accomplished by the Medical Air Rescue (MAR) operating all over the country: emergency transport from the incident scene to hospital and inter-hospital transport. Helicopters or planes are used for this purpose. In 2009, helicopters performed 4359 flights to incidents and 1537 inter-hospital transports whereas planes performed 589 inter-hospital ambulance and 196 rescue flights. MAR operates from 17 bases of the Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) and one airbase. Helicopters are mainly used when medical transport is emergent, within the operational region of a given base whereas planes when the distance between the present and target airports exceeds 250 km. In 2008, new modern aircraft were introduced to HEMS-helicopters EC 135. They fulfil all requirements of air transport regulations and are adjusted to visual (VFR) and instrumental (IFR) flights rules, at day and night. The medical cabin of EC 135 is ergonomic and functional considering the majority of rescue activities under life-saving circumstances. It is equipped with ventilator, defibrillator, infusion pumps etc. Defibrillators have 12-lead ECG, E(T)CO2, SpO2, NIBP, and IBP modules. Transport ventilators can work in a variety of ventilation modes including CMV, SIMV, SVV, BILEVEL, PCV, ASB, PPV and CPAP. The purchase of helicopters with modern avionic and medical configuration ensures high quality services of MAR for many years to come.

  1. Bypass Ratio: The US Air Force and Light-Attack Aviation

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-06-01

    for making recommendations which optimize base activity and its impact on the environment. Local and state politics can keep a base open even if it is...for the region, and this conduct can affect global commerce. Such disruption and destabilization in turn can have large impacts on the US diplomatic... IFR ) operations, emergency procedures, low-level flight and two-ship formation flight by this stage. Once track selection occurs, the light-attack

  2. 14 CFR Appendix - Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97 Editorial Note...

  3. 14 CFR 23.1303 - Flight and navigation instruments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... must be set to minimize nuisance warning; (f) When an attitude display is installed, the instrument... the attitude reference symbol and the horizon line beyond that necessary for parallax correction. (g... more, excluding the pilot's seats and that are approved for IFR operations, a third attitude instrument...

  4. 14 CFR Appendix - Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES Pt. 95, SFAR No. 97, Note Special Federal Aviation...

  5. 14 CFR 95.21 - Puerto Rico Mountainous Area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Puerto Rico Mountainous Area. 95.21 Section 95.21 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES Designated Mountainous Areas § 95.21 Puerto Rico...

  6. 14 CFR 95.21 - Puerto Rico Mountainous Area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Puerto Rico Mountainous Area. 95.21 Section 95.21 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES Designated Mountainous Areas § 95.21 Puerto Rico...

  7. 14 CFR 95.21 - Puerto Rico Mountainous Area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Puerto Rico Mountainous Area. 95.21 Section 95.21 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES Designated Mountainous Areas § 95.21 Puerto Rico...

  8. 14 CFR 95.21 - Puerto Rico Mountainous Area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Puerto Rico Mountainous Area. 95.21 Section 95.21 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES Designated Mountainous Areas § 95.21 Puerto Rico...

  9. 14 CFR 95.21 - Puerto Rico Mountainous Area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Puerto Rico Mountainous Area. 95.21 Section 95.21 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES Designated Mountainous Areas § 95.21 Puerto Rico...

  10. 14 CFR 95.3 - Symbols.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Symbols. 95.3 Section 95.3 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES General § 95.3 Symbols. For the purposes of this part— (a) COP means...

  11. 14 CFR 95.3 - Symbols.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Symbols. 95.3 Section 95.3 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES General § 95.3 Symbols. For the purposes of this part— (a) COP means...

  12. 14 CFR 95.3 - Symbols.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Symbols. 95.3 Section 95.3 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES General § 95.3 Symbols. For the purposes of this part— (a) COP means...

  13. 14 CFR 95.3 - Symbols.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Symbols. 95.3 Section 95.3 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES General § 95.3 Symbols. For the purposes of this part— (a) COP means...

  14. 14 CFR 95.3 - Symbols.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Symbols. 95.3 Section 95.3 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES General § 95.3 Symbols. For the purposes of this part— (a) COP means...

  15. Development of an integrated configuration management/flight director system for piloted STOL approaches

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Hoh, R. H.; Klein, R. H.; Johnson, W. A.

    1977-01-01

    A system analysis method for the development of an integrated configuration management/flight director system for IFR STOL approaches is presented. Curved descending decelerating approach trajectories are considered. Considerable emphasis is placed on satisfying the pilot centered requirements (acceptable workload) as well as the usual guidance and control requirements (acceptable performance). The Augmentor Wing Jet STOL Research Aircraft was utilized to allow illustration by example, and to validate the analysis procedure via manned simulation.

  16. 76 FR 11675 - IFR Altitudes; Miscellaneous Amendments

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-03

    ... action is needed because of changes occurring in the National Airspace System. These changes are designed... matters of flight safety and operational efficiency in the National Airspace System, are related to... RIVER, AK NDB BARTER ISLAND, AK NDB... 2000 From To MEA MAA Sec. 95.3000 Low Altitude RNAV Routes Sec...

  17. 14 CFR 135.173 - Airborne thunderstorm detection equipment requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... more in passenger-carrying operations, except a helicopter operating under day VFR conditions, unless..., excluding any pilot seat, of 10 seats or more in passenger-carrying operations, under night VFR when current... approved airborne weather radar equipment. (c) No person may begin a flight under IFR or night VFR...

  18. 14 CFR 121.325 - Instruments and equipment for operations under IFR or over-the-top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... preventing malfunctioning due to icing. (b) A sensitive altimeter. (c) Instrument lights providing enough light to make each required instrument, switch, or similar instrument, easily readable and so installed that the direct rays are shielded from the flight crewmembers' eyes and that no objectionable...

  19. 14 CFR 121.325 - Instruments and equipment for operations under IFR or over-the-top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... preventing malfunctioning due to icing. (b) A sensitive altimeter. (c) Instrument lights providing enough light to make each required instrument, switch, or similar instrument, easily readable and so installed that the direct rays are shielded from the flight crewmembers' eyes and that no objectionable...

  20. 14 CFR 121.325 - Instruments and equipment for operations under IFR or over-the-top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... preventing malfunctioning due to icing. (b) A sensitive altimeter. (c) Instrument lights providing enough light to make each required instrument, switch, or similar instrument, easily readable and so installed that the direct rays are shielded from the flight crewmembers' eyes and that no objectionable...

  1. 14 CFR 121.325 - Instruments and equipment for operations under IFR or over-the-top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... preventing malfunctioning due to icing. (b) A sensitive altimeter. (c) Instrument lights providing enough light to make each required instrument, switch, or similar instrument, easily readable and so installed that the direct rays are shielded from the flight crewmembers' eyes and that no objectionable...

  2. 14 CFR 121.325 - Instruments and equipment for operations under IFR or over-the-top.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... preventing malfunctioning due to icing. (b) A sensitive altimeter. (c) Instrument lights providing enough light to make each required instrument, switch, or similar instrument, easily readable and so installed that the direct rays are shielded from the flight crewmembers' eyes and that no objectionable...

  3. Single pilot IFR accident data analysis

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Harris, D. F.; Morrisete, J. A.

    1982-01-01

    The aircraft accident data recorded and maintained by the National Transportation Safety Board for 1964 to 1979 were analyzed to determine what problems exist in the general aviation single pilot instrument flight rules environment. A previous study conducted in 1978 for the years 1964 to 1975 provided a basis for comparison. The purpose was to determine what changes, if any, have occurred in trends and cause-effect relationships reported in the earlier study. The increasing numbers have been tied to measures of activity to produce accident rates which in turn were analyzed in terms of change. Where anomalies or unusually high accident rates were encountered, further analysis was conducted to isolate pertinent patterns of cause factors and/or experience levels of involved pilots. The bulk of the effort addresses accidents in the landing phase of operations. A detailed analysis was performed on controlled/uncontrolled collisions and their unique attributes delineated. Estimates of day vs. night general aviation activity and accident rates were obtained.

  4. 76 FR 35445 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-06-17

    ... Information Collection: Medical Loss Ratio Quarterly Reporting; Use: Under Section 2718 of the Affordable Care... ratio, referred to as the medical loss ratio (MLR). An interim final rule (IFR) implementing the MLR was... information collections, please reference the document identifier or OMB control number. To be assured...

  5. 78 FR 14032 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Cherokee, WY

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-04

    ... Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Denver and Salt Lake City Air Route Traffic Control Centers... be changed in light of comments received. All comments submitted will be available for examination in... http://www.faa.gov/airports_airtraffic/air_traffic/publications/airspace_amendments/ . You may review...

  6. 14 CFR 95.19 - Hawaii Mountainous Area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Hawaii Mountainous Area. 95.19 Section 95...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES Designated Mountainous Areas § 95.19 Hawaii Mountainous Area. The following islands of the State of Hawaii: Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Kehoolawe, Maui...

  7. Analysis of UAS DAA Surveillance in Fast-Time Simulations without DAA Mitigation

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Thipphavong, David P.; Santiago, Confesor; Isaacson, David R.; Lee, Seung Man; Refai, Mohamad Said; Snow, James William

    2015-01-01

    Realization of the expected proliferation of Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) operations in the National Airspace System (NAS) depends on the development and validation of performance standards for UAS Detect and Avoid (DAA) Systems. The RTCA Special Committee 228 is charged with leading the development of draft Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) for UAS DAA Systems. NASA, as a participating member of RTCA SC-228 is committed to supporting the development and validation of draft requirements for DAA surveillance system performance. A recent study conducted using NASA's ACES (Airspace Concept Evaluation System) simulation capability begins to address questions surrounding the development of draft MOPS for DAA surveillance systems. ACES simulations were conducted to study the performance of sensor systems proposed by the SC-228 DAA Surveillance sub-group. Analysis included but was not limited to: 1) number of intruders (both IFR and VFR) detected by all sensors as a function of UAS flight time, 2) number of intruders (both IFR and VFR) detected by radar alone as a function of UAS flight time, and 3) number of VFR intruders detected by all sensors as a function of UAS flight time. The results will be used by SC-228 to inform decisions about the surveillance standards of UAS DAA systems and future requirements development and validation efforts.

  8. Systems concept for speech technology application in general aviation

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    North, R. A.; Bergeron, H.

    1984-01-01

    The application potential of voice recognition and synthesis circuits for general aviation, single-pilot IFR (SPIFR) situations is examined. The viewpoint of the pilot was central to workload analyses and assessment of the effectiveness of the voice systems. A twin-engine, high performance general aviation aircraft on a cross-country fixed route was employed as the study model. No actual control movements were considered and other possible functions were scored by three IFR-rated instructors. The SPIFR was concluded helpful in alleviating visual and manual workloads during take-off, approach and landing, particularly for data retrieval and entry tasks. Voice synthesis was an aid in alerting a pilot to in-flight problems. It is expected that usable systems will be available within 5 yr.

  9. 14 CFR Appendix - Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97 Editorial Note: For the text of SFAR No. 97, see part 91...

  10. 14 CFR Appendix - Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES Pt. 95, SFAR No. 97, Note Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97 Editorial Note: For the text o...

  11. 14 CFR Appendix - Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97 Editorial Note: For the text of SFAR No. 97, see part 91...

  12. 78 FR 41337 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Glasgow, MT

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-10

    ... Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Salt Lake City and Minneapolis Air Route Traffic Control Centers... contained in this action may be changed in light of comments received. All comments submitted will be... through the FAA's Web page at http://www.faa.gov/airports_airtraffic/air_traffic/publications/airspace...

  13. 14 CFR 135.203 - VFR: Minimum altitudes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... REQUIREMENTS: COMMUTER AND ON DEMAND OPERATIONS AND RULES GOVERNING PERSONS ON BOARD SUCH AIRCRAFT VFR/IFR... above the surface or less than 500 feet horizontally from any obstacle; or (2) At night, at an altitude less than 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a horizontal distance of 5 miles from the course...

  14. 14 CFR 135.205 - VFR: Visibility requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... REQUIREMENTS: COMMUTER AND ON DEMAND OPERATIONS AND RULES GOVERNING PERSONS ON BOARD SUCH AIRCRAFT VFR/IFR... operate an airplane under VFR in uncontrolled airspace when the ceiling is less than 1,000 feet unless... airspace at an altitude of 1,200 feet or less above the surface or within the lateral boundaries of the...

  15. 14 CFR 135.205 - VFR: Visibility requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... REQUIREMENTS: COMMUTER AND ON DEMAND OPERATIONS AND RULES GOVERNING PERSONS ON BOARD SUCH AIRCRAFT VFR/IFR... operate an airplane under VFR in uncontrolled airspace when the ceiling is less than 1,000 feet unless... airspace at an altitude of 1,200 feet or less above the surface or within the lateral boundaries of the...

  16. Conceptual Design of a Tiltrotor Transport Flight Deck

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Decker, William A.; Dugan, Daniel C.; Simmons, Rickey C.; Tucker, George E.; Aiken, Edwin W. (Technical Monitor)

    1995-01-01

    A tiltrotor transport has considerable potential as a regional transport, increasing the air transportation system capacity by off-loading conventional runways. Such an aircraft will have a flight deck suited to its air transportation task and adapted to unique urban vertiport operating requirements. Such operations are likely to involve steep, slow instrument approaches for vertical and extremely short rolling take-offs and landings. While much of a tiltrotor transport's operations will be in common with commercial fixed-wing operations, terminal area operations will impose alternative flight deck design solutions. Control systems, displays and guidance, and control inceptors must be tailored to both routine and emergency vertical flight operations. This paper will survey recent experience with flight deck design elements suitable to a tiltrotor transport and will propose a conceptual cockpit design for such an aircraft. A series of piloted simulations using the NASA Ames Vertical Motion Simulator have investigated cockpit design elements and operating requirements for tiltrotor transports operating into urban vertiports. These experiments have identified the need for a flight director or equivalent display guidance for steep final approaches. A flight path vector display format has proven successful for guiding tiltrotor transport terminal area operations. Experience with a Head-Up Display points to the need for a bottom-mounted display device to maximize its utility on steep final approach paths. Configuration control (flap setting and nacelle angle) requires appropriate augmentation and tailoring for civil transport operations, flown to an airline transport pilot instrument flight rules (ATP-IFR) standard. The simulation experiments also identified one thrust control lever geometry as inappropriate to the task and found at least acceptable results with the vertical thrust control lever of the XV-15. In addition to the thrust controller, the attitude control of a tiltrotor transport may be effected through an inceptor other than the current center sticks in the XV-15 and V-22. Simulation and flight investigations of side-stick control inceptors for rotorcraft, augmented by a 1985 flight test of a side-stick controller in the XV-15 suggest the potential of such a device in a transport cockpit.

  17. 14 CFR 91.169 - IFR flight plan: Information required.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... following: (i) For aircraft other than helicopters. For at least 1 hour before and for 1 hour after the... visibility will be at least 3 statute miles. (ii) For helicopters. At the estimated time of arrival and for 1... to the operator, for that airport, the following minima: (i) For aircraft other than helicopters: The...

  18. 14 CFR 91.169 - IFR flight plan: Information required.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... following: (i) For aircraft other than helicopters. For at least 1 hour before and for 1 hour after the... visibility will be at least 3 statute miles. (ii) For helicopters. At the estimated time of arrival and for 1... to the operator, for that airport, the following minima: (i) For aircraft other than helicopters: The...

  19. 14 CFR 91.169 - IFR flight plan: Information required.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... following: (i) For aircraft other than helicopters. For at least 1 hour before and for 1 hour after the... visibility will be at least 3 statute miles. (ii) For helicopters. At the estimated time of arrival and for 1... to the operator, for that airport, the following minima: (i) For aircraft other than helicopters: The...

  20. 14 CFR 91.169 - IFR flight plan: Information required.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... following: (i) For aircraft other than helicopters. For at least 1 hour before and for 1 hour after the... visibility will be at least 3 statute miles. (ii) For helicopters. At the estimated time of arrival and for 1... to the operator, for that airport, the following minima: (i) For aircraft other than helicopters: The...

  1. 14 CFR 93.341 - Aircraft operations in the DC FRZ.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ...-assigned discrete transponder code. The pilot must monitor VHF frequency 121.5 or UHF frequency 243.0. (d... authorization must file and activate an IFR or a DC FRZ or a DC SFRA flight plan and transmit a discrete transponder code assigned by an Air Traffic Control facility. Aircraft must transmit the discrete transponder...

  2. 75 FR 17034 - Irish Potatoes Grown in Colorado; Relaxation of the Handling Regulation for Area No. 3

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-04-05

    ...; FV09-948-2 IFR] Irish Potatoes Grown in Colorado; Relaxation of the Handling Regulation for Area No. 3...: This rule relaxes the size requirement prescribed under the Colorado potato marketing order. The marketing order regulates the handling of Irish potatoes grown in Colorado, and is administered locally by...

  3. 75 FR 8526 - Procedures for Transportation Workplace Drug and Alcohol Testing Programs

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-02-25

    ... regarding the interim final rule (IFR) procedures for the use of a new alcohol screening device (ASD) which... for an employer to utilize a specific ASD to conduct required DOT alcohol tests, the device must (a... model specifications, (b) be published by NHTSA in the Federal Register on their most current ASD CPL...

  4. 76 FR 59574 - Procedures for Transportation Workplace Drug and Alcohol Testing Programs: Federal Drug Testing...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-27

    ... 2105-AE13 Procedures for Transportation Workplace Drug and Alcohol Testing Programs: Federal Drug...) published an interim final rule (IFR) authorizing the use of a new Federal Drug Testing Custody and Control Form (CCF) in its drug testing program. Use of the form is authorized beginning October 1, 2010. This...

  5. Procedures for the Handling of Retaliation Complaints Under Section 1558 of the Affordable Care Act. Final rule.

    PubMed

    2016-10-13

    This document provides the final text of regulations governing employee protection (retaliation or whistleblower) claims under section 1558 of the Affordable Care Act, which added section 18C to the Fair Labor Standards Act to provide protections to employees who may have been subject to retaliation for seeking assistance under certain affordability assistance provisions (for example, health insurance premium tax credits) or for reporting potential violations of the Affordable Care Act's consumer protections (for example, the prohibition on rescissions). An interim final rule (IFR) governing these provisions and request for comments was published in the Federal Register on February 27, 2013. Thirteen comments were received; eleven were responsive to the IFR. This rule responds to those comments and establishes the final procedures and time frames for the handling of retaliation complaints under section 18C, including procedures and time frames for employee complaints to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), investigations by OSHA, appeals of OSHA determinations to an administrative law judge (ALJ) for a hearing de novo, hearings by ALJs, review of ALJ decisions by the Administrative Review Board (ARB) (acting on behalf of the Secretary of Labor), and judicial review of the Secretary of Labor's (Secretary's) final decision. It also sets forth the Secretary's interpretations of the Affordable Care Act whistleblower provision on certain matters.

  6. A flight investigation of simulated data link communications during single-pilot IFR flight

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Parker, J. F.; Duffy, J. W.; Christensen, D. G.

    1983-01-01

    A Flight Data Console (FDC) was developed to allow simulation of a digital communications link to replace the current voice communication system used in air traffic control (ATC). The voice system requires manipulation of radio equipment, read-back of clearances, and mental storage of critical information items, all contributing to high workload, particularly during single-pilot operations. This was an inflight study to determine how a digital communications system might reduce cockpit workload, improve flight proficiency, and be accepted by general aviation pilots. Results show that instrument flight, including approach and landing, can be accomplished quite effectively using a digital data link system for ATC communications. All pilots expressed a need for a back-up voice channel. When included, this channel was used sparingly and principally to confirm any item of information about which there might be uncertainty.

  7. Relationship between Weather, Traffic and Delay Based on Empirical Methods

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Sridhar, Banavar; Swei, Sean S. M.

    2006-01-01

    The steady rise in demand for air transportation over the years has put much emphasis on the need for sophisticated air traffic flow management (TFM) within the National Airspace System (NAS). The NAS refers to hardware, software and people, including runways, radars, networks, FAA, airlines, etc., involved in air traffic management (ATM) in the US. One of the metrics that has been used to assess the performance of NAS is the actual delays provided through FAA's Air Traffic Operations Network (OPSNET). The OPSNET delay data includes those reportable delays, i.e. delays of 15 minutes or more experienced by Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) flights, submitted by the FAA facilities. These OPSNET delays are caused by the application of TFM initiatives in response to, for instance, weather conditions, increased traffic volume, equipment outages, airline operations, and runway conditions. TFM initiatives such as, ground stops, ground delay programs, rerouting, airborne holding, and miles-in-trail restrictions, are actions which are needed to control the air traffic demand to mitigate the demand-capacity imbalance due to the reduction in capacity. Consequently, TFM initiatives result in NAS delays. Of all the causes, weather has been identified as the most important causal factor for NAS delays. Therefore, in order to accurately assess the NAS performance, it has become necessary to create a baseline for NAS performance and establish a model which characterizes the relation between weather and NAS delays.

  8. 77 FR 1629 - Authorization To Use Lower Than Standard Takeoff, Approach and Landing Minimums at Military and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-01-11

    ... is not prepared. Such a determination has been made for this direct final rule. The reasoning for... guidance to pilots making an IFR takeoff or approach and landing at a military or foreign airport. Under... determination, and the reasoning should be clear. As noted above, the proposed changes to Sec. 135.225(f) are...

  9. Basic avionics module design for general aviation aircraft

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Smyth, R. K.; Smyth, D. E.

    1978-01-01

    The design of an advanced digital avionics system (basic avionics module) for general aviation aircraft operated with a single pilot under IFR conditions is described. The microprocessor based system provided all avionic functions, including flight management, navigation, and lateral flight control. The mode selection was interactive with the pilot. The system used a navigation map data base to provide operation in the current and planned air traffic control environment. The system design included software design listings for some of the required modules. The distributed microcomputer uses the IEEE 488 bus for interconnecting the microcomputer and sensors.

  10. Study of the application of an implicit model-following flight controller to lift-fan VTOL aircraft

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Merrick, V. K.

    1977-01-01

    An implicit model-following flight controller is proposed. This controller is relatively simple in concept: it provides an input/output relationship that is approximately that of any selected second order system; it provides good gust alleviation; and it is self-trimming. The flight controller was applied to all axes of a comprehensive mathematical model of a lift-fan V/STOL transport. Power management controls and displays were designed to match the various modes of control provided by the flight controller. A piloted simulation was performed using a six degree of freedom simulator. The fixed-operating-point handling qualities throughout the powered lift flight envelope received pilot ratings of 3-1/2 or better. Approaches and vertical landings in IFR zero-zero conditions received pilot ratings varying from 2-1/2 to 4 depending on the type of approach and weather conditions.

  11. Uncorrelated Encounter Model of the National Airspace System, Version 2.0

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-08-19

    can exist to certify avoidance systems for operational use. Evaluations typically include flight tests, operational impact studies, and simulation of...appropriate for large-scale air traffic impact studies— for example, examination of sector loading or conflict rates. The focus here includes two types of...between two IFR aircraft in oceanic airspace. The reason for this is that one cannot observe encounters of sufficient fidelity in the available data

  12. 14 CFR 91.189 - Category II and III operations: General operating rules.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... pilot who is controlling the aircraft has appropriate instrumentation for the type of flight control... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules Instrument Flight Rules § 91.189 Category II and III operations: General operating rules. (a) No...

  13. 14 CFR 91.189 - Category II and III operations: General operating rules.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... pilot who is controlling the aircraft has appropriate instrumentation for the type of flight control... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules Instrument Flight Rules § 91.189 Category II and III operations: General operating rules. (a) No...

  14. 14 CFR 91.189 - Category II and III operations: General operating rules.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... pilot who is controlling the aircraft has appropriate instrumentation for the type of flight control... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules Instrument Flight Rules § 91.189 Category II and III operations: General operating rules. (a) No...

  15. 14 CFR 95.17 - Alaska Mountainous Area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES Designated Mountainous Areas § 95.17 Alaska...°05′ N, longitude 162°38′ W; thence to latitude 61°51′ N, longitude 160°43′ W; thence to latitude 62°55′ N, longitude 160°30′ W; thence to latitude 63°00′ N, longitude 158°00′ W; thence to latitude 61...

  16. 14 CFR 95.17 - Alaska Mountainous Area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES Designated Mountainous Areas § 95.17 Alaska...°05′ N, longitude 162°38′ W; thence to latitude 61°51′ N, longitude 160°43′ W; thence to latitude 62°55′ N, longitude 160°30′ W; thence to latitude 63°00′ N, longitude 158°00′ W; thence to latitude 61...

  17. A flight investigation of simulated data-link communications during single-pilot IFR flight. Volume 2: Flight evaluations

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Parker, J. F., Jr.; Duffy, J. W.

    1982-01-01

    Key problems in single pilot instrument flight operations are in the management of flight data and the processing of cockpit information during conditions of heavy workload. A flight data console was developed to allow simulation of a digital data link to replace the current voice communications stem used in air traffic control. This is a human factors evaluation of a data link communications system to determine how such a system might reduce cockpit workload, improve flight proficiency, and be accepted by general aviation pilots. The need for a voice channel as backup to a digital link is examined. The evaluations cover both airport terminal area operations and full mission instrument flight. Results show that general aviation pilots operate well with a digital data link communications system. The findings indicate that a data link system for pilot/ATC communications, with a backup voice channel, is well accepted by general aviation pilots and is considered to be safer, more efficient, and result in less workload than the current voice system.

  18. 14 CFR 91.515 - Flight altitude rules.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Flight altitude rules. 91.515 Section 91...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Large and Turbine-Powered Multiengine Airplanes and Fractional Ownership Program Aircraft § 91.515 Flight altitude rules. (a...

  19. Control of Entry to a Queueing System

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1979-11-01

    being devoted to the use of queueing theory to control ard optimize the o~peration i f a system. Here, queueing analyses are used to design a system...operpting costs below somae upper bound while maximizing throughput of the queue. This more recent approach of designing or controlling a queueing system...ports designated as high density traffic airports, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) limits the number of instrument flight r’ule (IFR

  20. Simplifying the assessment of coronary artery stenosis by enhancing instantaneous wave free ratio.

    PubMed

    Spagnoli, Vincent; Picard, Fabien; Tadros, Victor-Xavier; Cournoyer, Daniel; Doucet, Serge; Tanguay, Jean François; Gosselin, Gilbert; de Guise, Pierre; Gallo, Richard

    2018-04-01

    Instantaneous wave free ratio (iFR) does not require adenosine, but has a relatively wide intermediate range where functional assessment remains inconclusive. In this pilot study, we sought to enhance iFR through with the use of intracoronary (IC) saline (iFRs) and contrast media (iFRc) and determine whether these techniques correlated well with fractional flow reserve (FFR). Patients with coronary artery stenosis (CAS) associated with an iFR in the intermediate zone (≥0.86 and ≤0.93) were prospectively assessed with resting distal coronary pressure/aorta pressure (Pd/Pa), iFR, iFRs, iFRc and FFR. A total of 40 coronary lesions were studied (40 patients). Pearson correlation coefficients for FFR and iFR, FFR and iFRs, FFR and iFRc were respectively: 0.57 (P=0.0002), 0.80 (P<0.0001) and 0.77 (P<0.0001). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed similar area under the curve (AUC) of iFRs and iFR [0.90 (95% CI: 0.76-1) vs. 0.89 (95% CI: 0.79-0.99), P=0.89]. Youden's index established cut-off values of ≤0.90 for iFR (sensitivity =91%, specificity =74%) and ≤0.78 for iFRs (sensitivity =73%, specificity =100%). In contrast, the AUC of iFRc was superior to the AUC of iFR [0.99 (95% CI: 0.98-1), P=0.049]. iFRc showed excellent accuracy and established cut-off values of ≤0.81 in predicting an FFR value of ≤0.80 (sensitivity =100%, specificity =93%). When iFR is in the intermediate zone, functional assessment of CAS by iFR is enhanced with the use of contrast media but not saline. This pilot study could be hypothesis generating for further study to enhance iFR specificity and sensibility.

  1. Simplifying the assessment of coronary artery stenosis by enhancing instantaneous wave free ratio

    PubMed Central

    Spagnoli, Vincent; Picard, Fabien; Tadros, Victor-Xavier; Cournoyer, Daniel; Doucet, Serge; Tanguay, Jean François; Gosselin, Gilbert; de Guise, Pierre

    2018-01-01

    Background Instantaneous wave free ratio (iFR) does not require adenosine, but has a relatively wide intermediate range where functional assessment remains inconclusive. In this pilot study, we sought to enhance iFR through with the use of intracoronary (IC) saline (iFRs) and contrast media (iFRc) and determine whether these techniques correlated well with fractional flow reserve (FFR). Methods Patients with coronary artery stenosis (CAS) associated with an iFR in the intermediate zone (≥0.86 and ≤0.93) were prospectively assessed with resting distal coronary pressure/aorta pressure (Pd/Pa), iFR, iFRs, iFRc and FFR. Results A total of 40 coronary lesions were studied (40 patients). Pearson correlation coefficients for FFR and iFR, FFR and iFRs, FFR and iFRc were respectively: 0.57 (P=0.0002), 0.80 (P<0.0001) and 0.77 (P<0.0001). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed similar area under the curve (AUC) of iFRs and iFR [0.90 (95% CI: 0.76–1) vs. 0.89 (95% CI: 0.79–0.99), P=0.89]. Youden’s index established cut-off values of ≤0.90 for iFR (sensitivity =91%, specificity =74%) and ≤0.78 for iFRs (sensitivity =73%, specificity =100%). In contrast, the AUC of iFRc was superior to the AUC of iFR [0.99 (95% CI: 0.98–1), P=0.049]. iFRc showed excellent accuracy and established cut-off values of ≤0.81 in predicting an FFR value of ≤0.80 (sensitivity =100%, specificity =93%). Conclusions When iFR is in the intermediate zone, functional assessment of CAS by iFR is enhanced with the use of contrast media but not saline. This pilot study could be hypothesis generating for further study to enhance iFR specificity and sensibility. PMID:29850406

  2. The Rigour of IFRS Education in the USA: Analysis, Reflection and Innovativeness

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Tan, Aldys; Chatterjee, Bikram; Bolt, Susan

    2014-01-01

    International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are accepted throughout the world, particularly in the European Union, Australia, New Zealand and Canada. Emerging economies are also are aligning their practices with IFRS. Historically, the USA has been cautious about accepting IFRS. However, following acceptance of IFRS worldwide, the US…

  3. 14 CFR 437.39 - Flight rules.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Flight rules. 437.39 Section 437.39 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... Documentation § 437.39 Flight rules. An applicant must provide flight rules as required by § 437.71. ...

  4. 14 CFR 437.39 - Flight rules.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Flight rules. 437.39 Section 437.39 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... Documentation § 437.39 Flight rules. An applicant must provide flight rules as required by § 437.71. ...

  5. 14 CFR 437.39 - Flight rules.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Flight rules. 437.39 Section 437.39 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... Documentation § 437.39 Flight rules. An applicant must provide flight rules as required by § 437.71. ...

  6. 14 CFR 437.39 - Flight rules.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Flight rules. 437.39 Section 437.39 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... Documentation § 437.39 Flight rules. An applicant must provide flight rules as required by § 437.71. ...

  7. 14 CFR 437.39 - Flight rules.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Flight rules. 437.39 Section 437.39 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... Documentation § 437.39 Flight rules. An applicant must provide flight rules as required by § 437.71. ...

  8. 14 CFR 91.161 - Special awareness training required for pilots flying under visual flight rules within a 60...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... pilots flying under visual flight rules within a 60-nautical mile radius of the Washington, DC VOR/DME... Rules Visual Flight Rules § 91.161 Special awareness training required for pilots flying under visual...-nautical mile radius of the Washington, DC VOR/DME under visual flight rules (VFR). Except as provided...

  9. Analytical methodology for determination of helicopter IFR precision approach requirements. [pilot workload and acceptance level

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Phatak, A. V.

    1980-01-01

    A systematic analytical approach to the determination of helicopter IFR precision approach requirements is formulated. The approach is based upon the hypothesis that pilot acceptance level or opinion rating of a given system is inversely related to the degree of pilot involvement in the control task. A nonlinear simulation of the helicopter approach to landing task incorporating appropriate models for UH-1H aircraft, the environmental disturbances and the human pilot was developed as a tool for evaluating the pilot acceptance hypothesis. The simulated pilot model is generic in nature and includes analytical representation of the human information acquisition, processing, and control strategies. Simulation analyses in the flight director mode indicate that the pilot model used is reasonable. Results of the simulation are used to identify candidate pilot workload metrics and to test the well known performance-work-load relationship. A pilot acceptance analytical methodology is formulated as a basis for further investigation, development and validation.

  10. 14 CFR 93.335 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Washington, DC Metropolitan Area Special Flight Rules Area § 93.335 Definitions. For purposes of this subpart— DC FRZ flight plan is a flight plan filed... the DC FRZ. This flight plan is separate and distinct from a standard VFR flight plan, and does not...

  11. 14 CFR 91.105 - Flight crewmembers at stations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Flight crewmembers at stations. 91.105... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules General § 91.105 Flight crewmembers at stations. (a) During takeoff and landing, and while en route, each...

  12. 14 CFR 121.657 - Flight altitude rules.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Flight altitude rules. 121.657 Section 121... REQUIREMENTS: DOMESTIC, FLAG, AND SUPPLEMENTAL OPERATIONS Dispatching and Flight Release Rules § 121.657 Flight... other flight conditions, the Administrator prescribes other minimums for any route or part of a route...

  13. 14 CFR 91.105 - Flight crewmembers at stations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Flight crewmembers at stations. 91.105... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules General § 91.105 Flight crewmembers at stations. (a) During takeoff and landing, and while en route, each...

  14. 14 CFR 121.657 - Flight altitude rules.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Flight altitude rules. 121.657 Section 121... REQUIREMENTS: DOMESTIC, FLAG, AND SUPPLEMENTAL OPERATIONS Dispatching and Flight Release Rules § 121.657 Flight... other flight conditions, the Administrator prescribes other minimums for any route or part of a route...

  15. 14 CFR 121.657 - Flight altitude rules.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Flight altitude rules. 121.657 Section 121... REQUIREMENTS: DOMESTIC, FLAG, AND SUPPLEMENTAL OPERATIONS Dispatching and Flight Release Rules § 121.657 Flight... other flight conditions, the Administrator prescribes other minimums for any route or part of a route...

  16. 14 CFR 91.105 - Flight crewmembers at stations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Flight crewmembers at stations. 91.105... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules General § 91.105 Flight crewmembers at stations. (a) During takeoff and landing, and while en route, each...

  17. 14 CFR 121.657 - Flight altitude rules.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Flight altitude rules. 121.657 Section 121... REQUIREMENTS: DOMESTIC, FLAG, AND SUPPLEMENTAL OPERATIONS Dispatching and Flight Release Rules § 121.657 Flight... other flight conditions, the Administrator prescribes other minimums for any route or part of a route...

  18. 76 FR 34576 - Washington, DC Metropolitan Area Special Flight Rules Area; OMB Approval of Information Collection

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-06-14

    ...-2004-17005; Amdt. No. 1-63 and 93-90] RIN 2120-AI17 Washington, DC Metropolitan Area Special Flight... collection. The rule titled ``Washington, DC Metropolitan Area Special Flight Rules Area'' was published on... document for the flight plans and other information collected under that rule. That information collection...

  19. 14 CFR 135.223 - IFR: Alternate airport requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false IFR: Alternate airport requirements. 135.223 Section 135.223 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.223 IFR: Alternate airport requirements...

  20. 14 CFR 135.223 - IFR: Alternate airport requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false IFR: Alternate airport requirements. 135.223 Section 135.223 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.223 IFR: Alternate airport requirements...

  1. 14 CFR 135.223 - IFR: Alternate airport requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false IFR: Alternate airport requirements. 135.223 Section 135.223 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.223 IFR: Alternate airport requirements...

  2. 14 CFR 135.223 - IFR: Alternate airport requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false IFR: Alternate airport requirements. 135.223 Section 135.223 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.223 IFR: Alternate airport requirements...

  3. 14 CFR 135.223 - IFR: Alternate airport requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false IFR: Alternate airport requirements. 135.223 Section 135.223 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.223 IFR: Alternate airport requirements...

  4. FAA Long-Range Aviation Forecasts Fiscal Years 2005-2020

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1993-09-01

    assumptions translate into somewhat slower growth of aviation activity and FAA workload measures during the extended 16 -year period (2004 to 2020) than was...OPERATIONS 1.8 1.2 INSTRUMENT OPERATIONS 2.0 1.3 IFR AIRCRAFT HANDLED 2.0 1.3 FLIGHT SERVICE STTIONS (0.2) 0.1 2 II. LONG-RANGE FORECAST ASSUMPTIONS The...product (GDP), adjusted for price changes and expressed in 1987 dollars, will average 1.9 percent annually over the extended 16 -year fore- cast period

  5. Effects of helicopter noise and vibration on pilot performance (as measured in a fixed-base flight simulator)

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Stave, A. M.

    1973-01-01

    The effects of noise and vibration on pilot performance are described. Pilot subjects were required to fly VTOL commercial IFR schedules using the computer simulation facilities. The routes flown simulated closely metropolitan routes flown currently by a helicopter airline. The duration of simulator flights ranged from 3 to 8 hours. Subjects were exposed to noise sound pressure levels ranging from 74dB (ambient) to 100dB and 17 Hz vibration stimuli ranging from .1 g to .3 g measured at the floor directly beneath the pilot's seat. Despite subject reports of extreme fatigue in these long flights, performance did not degrade. A curve of performance shows a slow improvement for the first three hours of exposure and a slight loss in performance during the remainder of the flight. As environmental stress conditions (noise, vibration, and time in the simulator) increased, subject performance improved. Within the limits of this study, the higher the stress the better the performance.

  6. Remotely Operated Aircraft (ROA) Impact on the National Airspace System (NAS) Work Package: Automation Impacts of ROA's in the NAS

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    2005-01-01

    The purpose of this document is to analyze the impact of Remotely Operated Aircraft (ROA) operations on current and planned Air Traffic Control (ATC) automation systems in the En Route, Terminal, and Traffic Flow Management domains. The operational aspects of ROA flight, while similar, are not entirely identical to their manned counterparts and may not have been considered within the time-horizons of the automation tools. This analysis was performed to determine if flight characteristics of ROAs would be compatible with current and future NAS automation tools. Improvements to existing systems / processes are recommended that would give Air Traffic Controllers an indication that a particular aircraft is an ROA and modifications to IFR flight plan processing algorithms and / or designation of airspace where an ROA will be operating for long periods of time.

  7. Design project: Viper

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Haithcock, Stephen; Koncak, Kyle; Neufang, Rich; Paufler, David; Snow, Russ; Wlad, Frank

    1992-01-01

    The design specification of the primary flight trainer are: must conform to F.A.R. 23, including the crashworthiness standards; is limited to two to four occupants; engine must be FAA certified; must comply with FAA standards for VFR and allow for upgrade to IFR flights; must be at least utility category with good spin recovery characteristics; must have a structural lifetime of at least 10,000 flight hours; capable of either of two training missions: climb to 5,000 ft., cruise 500 Nm. plus reserve, land, or climb to 1,000 ft. and descend ten cycles for landing practice, climb to 3,000 ft., maneuver at two g's for 15 minutes, cruise 100 Nm. and land; must have a cruise speed of at least 120 knots; must take-off or land on a runway no longer than 3,000 ft; and has a cost goal of $50,000, not including avionics, for production of 1,000 airplanes over a five year period.

  8. Relationship between instantaneous wave-free ratio and fractional flow reserve in patients receiving hemodialysis.

    PubMed

    Morioka, Yuta; Arashi, Hiroyuki; Otsuki, Hisao; Yamaguchi, Junichi; Hagiwara, Nobuhisa

    2017-06-22

    Instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) is a vasodilator-free index and is reported to have a good correlation with fractional flow reserve (FFR). Hemodialysis patients exhibit left ventricular hypertrophy, reduced arterial compliance, and impaired microcirculation. Such a coronary flow condition in these patients may influence the relationship between iFR and FFR. This study assessed the impact of hemodialysis on the relationship between iFR and FFR. The study enrolled 196 patients with 265 stenoses who underwent assessment via iFR, FFR assessment, and right heart catheterization. A good correlation between iFR and FFR was observed in hemodialysis patients. iFR in the hemodialysis group was significantly lower than in the non-hemodialysis group (0.81 ± 0.13 vs. 0.86 ± 0.13, p = 0.005), although no significant difference was found in FFR and percentage diameter stenosis. An iFR value of 0.84 was found to be equivalent to an FFR value of 0.8 in hemodialysis patients, which was lower than the standard predictive iFR range for ischemia. Vasodilator-free assessment by iFR could be beneficial in evaluating intermediate coronary stenosis in patients receiving hemodialysis. However, the threshold for iFR abnormality needs adjustment in hemodialysis patients, and larger clinical trials are required to confirm the results in this specific subset.

  9. 14 CFR 91.161 - Special awareness training required for pilots flying under visual flight rules within a 60...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... pilots flying under visual flight rules within a 60-nautical mile radius of the Washington, DC VOR/DME... flight rules within a 60-nautical mile radius of the Washington, DC VOR/DME. (a) Operations within a 60-nautical mile radius of the Washington, DC VOR/DME under visual flight rules (VFR). Except as provided...

  10. 14 CFR 91.161 - Special awareness training required for pilots flying under visual flight rules within a 60...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... pilots flying under visual flight rules within a 60-nautical mile radius of the Washington, DC VOR/DME... flight rules within a 60-nautical mile radius of the Washington, DC VOR/DME. (a) Operations within a 60-nautical mile radius of the Washington, DC VOR/DME under visual flight rules (VFR). Except as provided...

  11. 14 CFR 91.161 - Special awareness training required for pilots flying under visual flight rules within a 60...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... pilots flying under visual flight rules within a 60-nautical mile radius of the Washington, DC VOR/DME... flight rules within a 60-nautical mile radius of the Washington, DC VOR/DME. (a) Operations within a 60-nautical mile radius of the Washington, DC VOR/DME under visual flight rules (VFR). Except as provided...

  12. 14 CFR 91.161 - Special awareness training required for pilots flying under visual flight rules within a 60...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... pilots flying under visual flight rules within a 60-nautical mile radius of the Washington, DC VOR/DME... flight rules within a 60-nautical mile radius of the Washington, DC VOR/DME. (a) Operations within a 60-nautical mile radius of the Washington, DC VOR/DME under visual flight rules (VFR). Except as provided...

  13. A prospective epidemiological study of injuries in four English professional football clubs.

    PubMed

    Hawkins, R D; Fuller, C W

    1999-06-01

    To define the causes of injuries to players in English professional football during competition and training. Lost time injuries to professional and youth players were prospectively recorded by physiotherapists at four English League clubs over the period 1994 to 1997. Data recorded included information related to the injury, date and place of occurrence, type of activity, and extrinsic Playing factors. In all, 67% of all injuries occurred during competition. The overall injury frequency rate (IFR) was 8.5 injuries/1000 hours, with the IFR during competitions (27.7) being significantly (p < 0.01) higher than that during training (3.5). The IFRs for youth players were found to increase over the second half of the season, whereas they decreased for professional players. There were no significant differences in IFRs for professional and youth players during training. There were significantly (p < 0.01) injuries in competition in the 15 minute periods at the end of each half. Strains (41%), sprains (20%), and contusions (20%) represented the major types of injury. The thigh (23%), the ankle (17%), knee (14%), and lower leg (13%) represented the major locations of injury, with significantly (p < 0.01) more injuries to the dominant body side. Reinjury counted for 22% of all injuries. Only 12% of all injuries were caused by a breach of the rules of football, although player to player contact was involved in 41% of all injuries. The overall level of injury to professional footballers has been showed to be around 1000 times higher times higher than for industrial occupations generally regarded as high risk. The high level of muscle strains, in particular, indicates possible weakness in fitness training programmes and use of warming up and cooling down procedures by clubs and the need for benchmarking players' levels of fitness and performance. Increasing levels of injury to youth players as a season progresses emphasizes the importance of controlling the exposure of young players to high levels of competition.

  14. Checking Flight Rules with TraceContract: Application of a Scala DSL for Trace Analysis

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Barringer, Howard; Havelund, Klaus; Morris, Robert A.

    2011-01-01

    Typically during the design and development of a NASA space mission, rules and constraints are identified to help reduce reasons for failure during operations. These flight rules are usually captured in a set of indexed tables, containing rule descriptions, rationales for the rules, and other information. Flight rules can be part of manual operations procedures carried out by humans. However, they can also be automated, and either implemented as on-board monitors, or as ground based monitors that are part of a ground data system. In the case of automated flight rules, one considerable expense to be addressed for any mission is the extensive process by which system engineers express flight rules in prose, software developers translate these requirements into code, and then both experts verify that the resulting application is correct. This paper explores the potential benefits of using an internal Scala DSL for general trace analysis, named TRACECONTRACT, to write executable specifications of flight rules. TRACECONTRACT can generally be applied to analysis of for example log files or for monitoring executing systems online.

  15. 14 CFR 135.221 - IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.221 IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums. No person may designate an alternate airport unless the weather reports or forecasts, or any...

  16. 14 CFR 135.219 - IFR: Destination airport weather minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false IFR: Destination airport weather minimums... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.219 IFR: Destination airport weather... latest weather reports or forecasts, or any combination of them, indicate that weather conditions at the...

  17. 14 CFR 135.221 - IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.221 IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums. No person may designate an alternate airport unless the weather reports or forecasts, or any...

  18. 14 CFR 135.219 - IFR: Destination airport weather minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false IFR: Destination airport weather minimums... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.219 IFR: Destination airport weather... latest weather reports or forecasts, or any combination of them, indicate that weather conditions at the...

  19. 14 CFR 135.219 - IFR: Destination airport weather minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false IFR: Destination airport weather minimums... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.219 IFR: Destination airport weather... latest weather reports or forecasts, or any combination of them, indicate that weather conditions at the...

  20. 14 CFR 135.219 - IFR: Destination airport weather minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false IFR: Destination airport weather minimums... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.219 IFR: Destination airport weather... latest weather reports or forecasts, or any combination of them, indicate that weather conditions at the...

  1. 14 CFR 135.219 - IFR: Destination airport weather minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false IFR: Destination airport weather minimums... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.219 IFR: Destination airport weather... latest weather reports or forecasts, or any combination of them, indicate that weather conditions at the...

  2. 14 CFR 135.221 - IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.221 IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums. No person may designate an alternate airport unless the weather reports or forecasts, or any...

  3. 14 CFR 135.221 - IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.221 IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums. No person may designate an alternate airport unless the weather reports or forecasts, or any...

  4. 14 CFR 135.221 - IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.221 IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums. No person may designate an alternate airport unless the weather reports or forecasts, or any...

  5. 14 CFR 135.225 - IFR: Takeoff, approach and landing minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false IFR: Takeoff, approach and landing minimums. 135.225 Section 135.225 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.225 IFR: Takeoff, approach and landing...

  6. 14 CFR 135.225 - IFR: Takeoff, approach and landing minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false IFR: Takeoff, approach and landing minimums. 135.225 Section 135.225 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.225 IFR: Takeoff, approach and landing...

  7. 14 CFR 135.225 - IFR: Takeoff, approach and landing minimums.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false IFR: Takeoff, approach and landing minimums. 135.225 Section 135.225 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements § 135.225 IFR: Takeoff, approach and landing...

  8. 14 CFR 91.109 - Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and certain flight tests.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and certain flight tests. 91.109 Section 91.109 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules General § 91.109 Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and...

  9. 14 CFR 91.109 - Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and certain flight tests.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and certain flight tests. 91.109 Section 91.109 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules General § 91.109 Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and...

  10. 14 CFR 91.109 - Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and certain flight tests.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and certain flight tests. 91.109 Section 91.109 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules General § 91.109 Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and...

  11. 14 CFR 91.109 - Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and certain flight tests.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and certain flight tests. 91.109 Section 91.109 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules General § 91.109 Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and...

  12. 14 CFR 91.109 - Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and certain flight tests.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and certain flight tests. 91.109 Section 91.109 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules General § 91.109 Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and...

  13. 14 CFR 93.323 - Flight plans.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Flight plans. 93.323 Section 93.323... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.323 Flight plans. Each certificate holder conducting a commercial SFRA...

  14. 14 CFR 93.323 - Flight plans.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Flight plans. 93.323 Section 93.323... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.323 Flight plans. Each certificate holder conducting a commercial SFRA...

  15. 14 CFR 93.323 - Flight plans.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Flight plans. 93.323 Section 93.323... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.323 Flight plans. Each certificate holder conducting a commercial SFRA...

  16. 14 CFR 93.323 - Flight plans.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Flight plans. 93.323 Section 93.323... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.323 Flight plans. Each certificate holder conducting a commercial SFRA...

  17. 14 CFR 93.323 - Flight plans.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Flight plans. 93.323 Section 93.323... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.323 Flight plans. Each certificate holder conducting a commercial SFRA...

  18. 14 CFR 91.711 - Special rules for foreign civil aircraft.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... aircraft of U.S. manufacture for the purpose of— (i) Flight testing the aircraft; (ii) Training foreign... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Foreign... States shall give flight notification or file a flight plan in accordance with the Supplementary...

  19. 14 CFR 91.711 - Special rules for foreign civil aircraft.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... aircraft of U.S. manufacture for the purpose of— (i) Flight testing the aircraft; (ii) Training foreign... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Foreign... States shall give flight notification or file a flight plan in accordance with the Supplementary...

  20. 14 CFR 91.711 - Special rules for foreign civil aircraft.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... aircraft of U.S. manufacture for the purpose of— (i) Flight testing the aircraft; (ii) Training foreign... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Foreign... States shall give flight notification or file a flight plan in accordance with the Supplementary...

  1. 14 CFR 91.711 - Special rules for foreign civil aircraft.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... aircraft of U.S. manufacture for the purpose of— (i) Flight testing the aircraft; (ii) Training foreign... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Foreign... States shall give flight notification or file a flight plan in accordance with the Supplementary...

  2. Active galactic nuclei cores in infrared-faint radio sources. Very long baseline interferometry observations using the Very Long Baseline Array

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Herzog, A.; Middelberg, E.; Norris, R. P.; Spitler, L. R.; Deller, A. T.; Collier, J. D.; Parker, Q. A.

    2015-06-01

    Context. Infrared-faint radio sources (IFRS) form a new class of galaxies characterised by radio flux densities between tenths and tens of mJy and faint or absent infrared counterparts. It has been suggested that these objects are radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at significant redshifts (z ≳ 2). Aims: Whereas the high redshifts of IFRS have been recently confirmed based on spectroscopic data, the evidence for the presence of AGNs in IFRS is mainly indirect. So far, only two AGNs have been unquestionably confirmed in IFRS based on very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations. In this work, we test the hypothesis that IFRS contain AGNs in a large sample of sources using VLBI. Methods: We observed 57 IFRS with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) down to a detection sensitivity in the sub-mJy regime and detected compact cores in 35 sources. Results: Our VLBA detections increase the number of VLBI-detected IFRS from 2 to 37 and provide strong evidence that most - if not all - IFRS contain AGNs. We find that IFRS have a marginally higher VLBI detection fraction than randomly selected sources with mJy flux densities at arcsec-scales. Moreover, our data provide a positive correlation between compactness - defined as the ratio of milliarcsec- to arcsec-scale flux density - and redshift for IFRS, but suggest a decreasing mean compactness with increasing arcsec-scale radio flux density. Based on these findings, we suggest that IFRS tend to contain young AGNs whose jets have not formed yet or have not expanded, equivalent to very compact objects. We found two IFRS that are resolved into two components. The two components are spatially separated by a few hundred milliarcseconds in both cases. They might be components of one AGN, a binary black hole, or the result of gravitational lensing.

  3. Infrared-faint radio sources are at high redshifts. Spectroscopic redshift determination of infrared-faint radio sources using the Very Large Telescope

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Herzog, A.; Middelberg, E.; Norris, R. P.; Sharp, R.; Spitler, L. R.; Parker, Q. A.

    2014-07-01

    Context. Infrared-faint radio sources (IFRS) are characterised by relatively high radio flux densities and associated faint or even absent infrared and optical counterparts. The resulting extremely high radio-to-infrared flux density ratios up to several thousands were previously known only for high-redshift radio galaxies (HzRGs), suggesting a link between the two classes of object. However, the optical and infrared faintness of IFRS makes their study difficult. Prior to this work, no redshift was known for any IFRS in the Australia Telescope Large Area Survey (ATLAS) fields which would help to put IFRS in the context of other classes of object, especially of HzRGs. Aims: This work aims at measuring the first redshifts of IFRS in the ATLAS fields. Furthermore, we test the hypothesis that IFRS are similar to HzRGs, that they are higher-redshift or dust-obscured versions of these massive galaxies. Methods: A sample of IFRS was spectroscopically observed using the Focal Reducer and Low Dispersion Spectrograph 2 (FORS2) at the Very Large Telescope (VLT). The data were calibrated based on the Image Reduction and Analysis Facility (IRAF) and redshifts extracted from the final spectra, where possible. This information was then used to calculate rest-frame luminosities, and to perform the first spectral energy distribution modelling of IFRS based on redshifts. Results: We found redshifts of 1.84, 2.13, and 2.76, for three IFRS, confirming the suggested high-redshift character of this class of object. These redshifts and the resulting luminosities show IFRS to be similar to HzRGs, supporting our hypothesis. We found further evidence that fainter IFRS are at even higher redshifts. Conclusions: Considering the similarities between IFRS and HzRGs substantiated in this work, the detection of IFRS, which have a significantly higher sky density than HzRGs, increases the number of active galactic nuclei in the early universe and adds to the problems of explaining the formation of supermassive black holes shortly after the Big Bang.

  4. 14 CFR 93.307 - Minimum flight altitudes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Minimum flight altitudes. 93.307 Section 93...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.307 Minimum flight altitudes. Except in an emergency, or if...

  5. 14 CFR 93.307 - Minimum flight altitudes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Minimum flight altitudes. 93.307 Section 93...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.307 Minimum flight altitudes. Except in an emergency, or if...

  6. 76 FR 22833 - Swap Data Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements: Pre-Enactment and Transition Swaps

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-25

    ... the IFRs. Comments generally fell into one or more of several broad categories and in a number of instances were common to both IFRs. Some commenters observed that issuance of IFRs in advance of regulations... required to keep records as provided in the Commission's IFRs concerning pre-enactment and transition swaps...

  7. Higher landing accuracy in expert pilots is associated with lower activity in the caudate nucleus.

    PubMed

    Adamson, Maheen M; Taylor, Joy L; Heraldez, Daniel; Khorasani, Allen; Noda, Art; Hernandez, Beatriz; Yesavage, Jerome A

    2014-01-01

    The most common lethal accidents in General Aviation are caused by improperly executed landing approaches in which a pilot descends below the minimum safe altitude without proper visual references. To understand how expertise might reduce such erroneous decision-making, we examined relevant neural processes in pilots performing a simulated landing approach inside a functional MRI scanner. Pilots (aged 20-66) were asked to "fly" a series of simulated "cockpit view" instrument landing scenarios in an MRI scanner. The scenarios were either high risk (heavy fog-legally unsafe to land) or low risk (medium fog-legally safe to land). Pilots with one of two levels of expertise participated: Moderate Expertise (Instrument Flight Rules pilots, n = 8) or High Expertise (Certified Instrument Flight Instructors or Air-Transport Pilots, n = 12). High Expertise pilots were more accurate than Moderate Expertise pilots in making a "land" versus "do not land" decision (CFII: d' = 3.62 ± 2.52; IFR: d' = 0.98 ± 1.04; p<.01). Brain activity in bilateral caudate nucleus was examined for main effects of expertise during a "land" versus "do not land" decision with the no-decision control condition modeled as baseline. In making landing decisions, High Expertise pilots showed lower activation in the bilateral caudate nucleus (0.97 ± 0.80) compared to Moderate Expertise pilots (1.91 ± 1.16) (p<.05). These findings provide evidence for increased "neural efficiency" in High Expertise pilots relative to Moderate Expertise pilots. During an instrument approach the pilot is engaged in detailed examination of flight instruments while monitoring certain visual references for making landing decisions. The caudate nucleus regulates saccade eye control of gaze, the brain area where the "expertise" effect was observed. These data provide evidence that performing "real world" aviation tasks in an fMRI provide objective data regarding the relative expertise of pilots and brain regions involved in it.

  8. 14 CFR Appendix A to Part 136 - Special Operating Rules for Air Tour Operators in the State of Hawaii

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    .... Applicability. This appendix prescribes operating rules for airplane and helicopter visual flight rules air tour... any sightseeing flight conducted under visual flight rules in an airplane or helicopter for compensation or hire. “Air tour operator” means any person who conducts an air tour. Section 3. Helicopter...

  9. 14 CFR Appendix A to Part 136 - Special Operating Rules for Air Tour Operators in the State of Hawaii

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    .... Applicability. This appendix prescribes operating rules for airplane and helicopter visual flight rules air tour... any sightseeing flight conducted under visual flight rules in an airplane or helicopter for compensation or hire. “Air tour operator” means any person who conducts an air tour. Section 3. Helicopter...

  10. 14 CFR Appendix A to Part 136 - Special Operating Rules for Air Tour Operators in the State of Hawaii

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    .... Applicability. This appendix prescribes operating rules for airplane and helicopter visual flight rules air tour... any sightseeing flight conducted under visual flight rules in an airplane or helicopter for compensation or hire. “Air tour operator” means any person who conducts an air tour. Section 3. Helicopter...

  11. 14 CFR Appendix A to Part 136 - Special Operating Rules for Air Tour Operators in the State of Hawaii

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    .... Applicability. This appendix prescribes operating rules for airplane and helicopter visual flight rules air tour... any sightseeing flight conducted under visual flight rules in an airplane or helicopter for compensation or hire. “Air tour operator” means any person who conducts an air tour. Section 3. Helicopter...

  12. [Clinical analyses of the diagnosis and treatment of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis: report of 14 cases].

    PubMed

    Shi, G G; Shi, L; Zhang, Z Y; Wan, Y Z; Li, B; Yu, L; Zhang, E P; Ju, H S; He, M Q; Ji, H Z

    2016-08-07

    Through the retrospective analysis of the clinical data in 14 cases of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (IFRS), the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of this disease were evaluated. Fourteen clinically confirmed cases of IFRS since January 2008 to October 2015 were evaluated.collected, the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis were analyzed to obtain a more comprehensive understanding for clinical reference. Fourteen patients were confirmed by pathological examination as IFRS, including 9 cases of aspergillus, 4 cases of mucor, and 1 case of rhinocerebral zygomycosis; including 5 cases of acute IFRS, 9 cases of chronic IFRS. All patients were treated with endoscopic surgery and intravenous antifungal therapy. Nine cases of chronic IFRS (including 1 case of mucor, 7 cases of aspergillus and 1 case of rhinocerebral zygomycosis) were cured, but the vision loss, diplopia or blindness, hard palate perforation remained. Five cases of acute IFRS included 3 cases of mucor and 2 cases of aspergillus. Among the 3 cases of mucor, 2 cases were died and 1 case was cured. Among the 2 cases of aspergillus, 1 patient was cured and the other patient died of electrolyte disorder after discharge from hospital. Patients with IFRS usually have diabetes. After the active surgical cleaning of lesion tissue and the systematic antifungal treatment with adequate dosage, these patients would have a better result. IFRS caused by mucor is ofen dangerous.

  13. Apollo experience report: The role of flight mission rules in mission preparation and conduct

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Keyser, L. W.

    1974-01-01

    The development of flight mission rules from the mission development phase through the detailed mission-planning phase and through the testing and training phase is analyzed. The procedure for review of the rules and the coordination requirements for mission-rule development are presented. The application of the rules to real-time decision making is outlined, and consideration is given to the benefit of training ground controllers and flightcrews in the methods of determining the best response to a nonnominal in-flight situation for which no action has been preplanned. The Flight Mission Rules document is discussed in terms of the purpose and objective thereof and in terms of the definition, the development, and the use of mission rules.

  14. 75 FR 51148 - Notice of Solicitation of Public Comment on Consideration of Incorporating IFRS Into the...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-18

    ... plan on consideration of the incorporation of IFRS, involve the impact of such incorporation on: U.S... in that company? To what extent are investors aware of the potential impact of incorporation of IFRS... impact of accounting standards, whether IFRS or U.S. GAAP, on the companies that they currently, or may...

  15. Overexpression of Soybean Isoflavone Reductase (GmIFR) Enhances Resistance to Phytophthora sojae in Soybean

    PubMed Central

    Cheng, Qun; Li, Ninghui; Dong, Lidong; Zhang, Dayong; Fan, Sujie; Jiang, Liangyu; Wang, Xin; Xu, Pengfei; Zhang, Shuzhen

    2015-01-01

    Isoflavone reductase (IFR) is an enzyme involved in the biosynthetic pathway of isoflavonoid phytoalexin in plants. IFRs are unique to the plant kingdom and are considered to have crucial roles in plant response to various biotic and abiotic environmental stresses. Here, we report the characterization of a novel member of the soybean isoflavone reductase gene family GmIFR. Overexpression of GmIFR transgenic soybean exhibited enhanced resistance to Phytophthora sojae. Following stress treatments, GmIFR was significantly induced by P. sojae, ethephon (ET), abscisic acid (placeCityABA), salicylic acid (SA). It is located in the cytoplasm when transiently expressed in soybean protoplasts. The daidzein levels reduced greatly for the seeds of transgenic plants, while the relative content of glyceollins in transgenic plants was significantly higher than that of non-transgenic plants. Furthermore, we found that the relative expression levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) of transgenic soybean plants were significantly lower than those of non-transgenic plants after incubation with P. sojae, suggesting an important role of GmIFR might function as an antioxidant to reduce ROS in soybean. The enzyme activity assay suggested that GmIFR has isoflavone reductase activity. PMID:26635848

  16. Overexpression of Soybean Isoflavone Reductase (GmIFR) Enhances Resistance to Phytophthora sojae in Soybean.

    PubMed

    Cheng, Qun; Li, Ninghui; Dong, Lidong; Zhang, Dayong; Fan, Sujie; Jiang, Liangyu; Wang, Xin; Xu, Pengfei; Zhang, Shuzhen

    2015-01-01

    Isoflavone reductase (IFR) is an enzyme involved in the biosynthetic pathway of isoflavonoid phytoalexin in plants. IFRs are unique to the plant kingdom and are considered to have crucial roles in plant response to various biotic and abiotic environmental stresses. Here, we report the characterization of a novel member of the soybean isoflavone reductase gene family GmIFR. Overexpression of GmIFR transgenic soybean exhibited enhanced resistance to Phytophthora sojae. Following stress treatments, GmIFR was significantly induced by P. sojae, ethephon (ET), abscisic acid (placeCityABA), salicylic acid (SA). It is located in the cytoplasm when transiently expressed in soybean protoplasts. The daidzein levels reduced greatly for the seeds of transgenic plants, while the relative content of glyceollins in transgenic plants was significantly higher than that of non-transgenic plants. Furthermore, we found that the relative expression levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) of transgenic soybean plants were significantly lower than those of non-transgenic plants after incubation with P. sojae, suggesting an important role of GmIFR might function as an antioxidant to reduce ROS in soybean. The enzyme activity assay suggested that GmIFR has isoflavone reductase activity.

  17. X-ray Counterparts of Infrared Faint Radio Sources

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Schartel, Norbert

    2011-10-01

    Infrared Faint Radio Sources (IFRS) are radio sources with extremely faint or even absent infrared emission in deep Spitzer Surveys. Models of their spectral energy distributions, the ratios of radio to infrared flux densities and their steep radio spectra strongly suggest that IFRS are AGN at high redshifts (2

  18. Cassini Attitude Control Operations Flight Rules and How They are Enforced

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Burk, Thomas; Bates, David

    2008-01-01

    The Cassini spacecraft was launched on October 15, 1997 and arrived at Saturn on June 30, 2004. It has performed detailed observations and remote sensing of Saturn, its rings, and its satellites since that time. Cassini deployed the European-built Huygens probe which descended through the Titan atmosphere and landed on its surface on January 14, 2005. Operating the Cassini spacecraft is a complex scientific, engineering, and management job. In order to safely operate the spacecraft, a large number of flight rules were developed. These flight rules must be enforced throughout the lifetime of the Cassini spacecraft. Flight rules are defined as any operational limitation imposed by the spacecraft system design, hardware, and software, violation of which would result in spacecraft damage, loss of consumables, loss of mission objectives, loss and/or degradation of science, and less than optimal performance. Flight rules require clear description and rationale. Detailed automated methods have been developed to insure the spacecraft is continuously operated within these flight rules. An overview of all the flight rules allocated to the Cassini Attitude Control and Articulation Subsystem and how they are enforced is presented in this paper.

  19. 76 FR 30421 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Requests for Comments; Clearance of Renewed Approval of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-25

    ... and Flight Rules AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice and request for...: 2120-0005. Title: General Operating and Flight Rules. Form Numbers: There are no FAA forms associated... Flight Rules, are [[Page 30422

  20. 14 CFR 91.305 - Flight test areas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Flight test areas. 91.305 Section 91.305... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Special Flight Operations § 91.305 Flight test areas. No person may flight test an aircraft except over open water, or sparsely populated...

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