Infectious risk for suicide bomber attack victims: management of penetrative wounds in French Army personnel.

PubMed

de l'Escalopier, Nicolas; Mathieu, Laurent; Valade, Guillaume; Ficko, Cécile; Rigal, Sylvain

2016-05-01

In suicide bomber attacks (SBAs), the explosive forces may disperse fragments from the body of the bomber to which the device is attached. This biologic material can cause physical injury to bystanders and may represent a source of severe infectious diseases. Two French soldiers, victims of an SBA in Africa, were managed in the Percy Military Teaching Hospital. They sustained multiple injuries, including some caused by bony fragments converted into projectiles by the explosion. One patient had multiple superficial wounds managed conservatively. The other was treated surgically by serial debridement with removal of a bony piece related to the suicide bomber. The decision not to prescribe antiretroviral therapy was determined after discussion with infectious disease specialists. Blood tests for HIV, HCV and HBV were taken at months zero, three and six; all were negative. In the French Military Health Service, guidelines are based on evaluation of the viral status of the bomber and on the regional HIV prevalence breakpoint. There is no indication for HCV post-exposition prophylaxis (PEP). Accessible human foreign bodies related to an SBA should be removed as soon as possible, in association with antibiotic medication and a possible HIV PEP. These infectious risks have been discussed in some military and law enforcement literature. It should be a risk-based decision supported by medical intelligence.

Makers of the United States Air Force,

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-01-01

in a larger percentage of high performance , large capacity bombers. . ... In every test or exercise we have ever had . .. this plane stands out head...believed large formations of heavily armed, high - performance B-17Es could succeed, but a serious effort should be made to develop escort fighters. No...multi-engined bombers: one with high speed , substantial firepower, and short range; the other, a long-range bomber with heavy load capacity. In the summer

Requirements for munitions lift trailers to support strategic bombers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1985-05-21

Munitions lift trailers are large support vehicles used to transport and load air launched cruise missiles and other nuclear weapons onto strategic bombers. The Air Force has identified total requirements for 245 trailers for B-52 and B-1B bombers. About one-third of these trailers have been acquired. The Air Force Aeronautical Systems Command is considering remanufacturing 80 of the lift trailers it has acquired for B-52s to incorporate recent design improvements which are expected to make these trailers easier to operate and less costly to support. GAO believes Air Force requirements for new trailers may be overstated by as many asmore » 39 trailers. This could result in the unnecessary expenditure of up to $13 million. GAO also questions the cost effectiveness of remanufacturing the 80 trailers, which would cost $20 million.« less

U.S. Air Force Bomber Sustainment and Modernization: Background and Issues for Congress

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-04-23

the B-2’ s self- defense capabilities against U.S. Air Force Bomber Sustainment and Modernization: Issues for Congress...Sustaining U.S. Global Leadership: Priorities for the 21st Century Defense ; • the effectiveness and sustainability of the Air Force’s continuous...decisions considered by Congress, could have potential consequences for future national defense strategies and on U.S. long-range strike

Picking the Bone: The B-1 Bomber as a Platform for Innovation

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

light of the U-2 shoot down and developing missile technology, the LAMPS design name indicated a shift in Air Force requirements, demanding a bomber...in light of growing concerns over the changing global situation and increasing strategic capabilities in the Soviet Union. The latest studies...the engagement and targeting enemy military forces during a regional conventional conflict.1 In light of this vision for future warfare, General

GENERAL INTERIOR VIEW AT THE WEST ANNEX LOOKING NORTH FROM ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

GENERAL INTERIOR VIEW AT THE WEST ANNEX LOOKING NORTH FROM COLUMN LINE AA-45 SHOWING SECURITY BALCONY TO THE RIGHT. - Offutt Air Force Base, Glenn L. Martin-Nebraska Bomber Plant, Building D, Peacekeeper Drive, Bellevue, Sarpy County, NE

With Courage: The U.S. Army Air Forces in World War II,

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-01-01

account of the contributions of American air power to victory in that war. A second commemoration in September 1997 marks the fiftieth birthday of the... cost at $31 million a year for the five-year plan and $26 million a year thereafter to maintain the force in a modernized and ready state. This would...American bomber of the decade, but its short range, limited useful load, and high cost made it a disappointment. The Keystone series of bombers, represented

20. Readiness Crew Building interior, upper level corridor. This corridor ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

20. Readiness Crew Building interior, upper level corridor. This corridor runs from northwest to southeast. Photograph taken at the northwest end looking southeast. Lyon - Whiteman Air Force Base, Bomber Alert Facility S-6, 1300 Alert Road, Knob Noster, Johnson County, MO

DETAIL VIEW ON THE MAIN ASSEMBLY LEVEL OF ELEVATOR SHOWING ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

DETAIL VIEW ON THE MAIN ASSEMBLY LEVEL OF ELEVATOR SHOWING THE DOUBLED COLUMN FOR THE BUILDING EXPANSION JOINT AT COLUMN LINE AA-18. - Offutt Air Force Base, Glenn L. Martin-Nebraska Bomber Plant, Building D, Peacekeeper Drive, Bellevue, Sarpy County, NE

Suicide bomber detection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alexander, Naomi; Callejero, Carlos; Fiore, Franco; Gómez, Ignacio; Gonzalo, Ramón; Enríquez de Luna, Álvaro; Ederra, Iñigo; Palacios, Inés

2009-05-01

The chance of suicide bomber attacks against troops in the Theatre of Operations is currently quite high. Most of the time checkpoints and compound gates are not equipped with the appropriate equipment to screen for potential suicide bombers. The ultimate solution would be to be able to perform stand-off screening under various weather conditions whilst avoiding contact between Force Protection personnel and potential suicide bombers. Radiation in the millimeterwave and the lower Terahertz range, having the useful property of being able to penetrate clothing in addition to fog and rain, makes it a clear candidate for imaging in this situation. A study has been made simulating real case scenarios to test practical detection performance and stand-off distances at a range of frequencies in this band, the results of which will be presented.

Defense.gov Special Report: Travels With Hagel

Science.gov Websites

institution in ways that we've never had to." Story Hagel Discusses Transitions at Marine Corps Base Base Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel opened his final domestic trip with a stop at Whiteman Air Force Base, home of the 509th Bomb Wing -- the world's only B-2 Spirit stealth bomber unit, where he told

GENERAL VIEW OF THE FINAL PRODUCTION LINE OF THE FIRST ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

GENERAL VIEW OF THE FINAL PRODUCTION LINE OF THE FIRST B-29 SHOWING THE LINK-BELT CONVEYOR SYSTEM AND WOOD BLOCK FLOORING. WHO, 1944 - Offutt Air Force Base, Glenn L. Martin-Nebraska Bomber Plant, Building D, Peacekeeper Drive, Bellevue, Sarpy County, NE

Static Longitudinal Stability of a Tandem-Coupled Bomber-Fighter Airplane Configuration Similar to One Proposed by Douglas Aircraft Company, Inc.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hewes, Donald E.

1950-01-01

At the request of the Air Materiel Command, an investigation was made in the Langley free-flight tunnel to determine the longitudinal stability and control characteristics of models coupled together in a tandem configuration for aerial refueling similar to one proposed by the Douglas Aircraft Company, Inc. Static force tests were made with 1/20-scale models of the B-29 and F-80 airplanes to determine the effects of rigidly coupling the airplanes together. The Douglas configuration differs from the rigid configuration tested in that it provides for some freedom in pitch and vertical displacement. The force tests showed that, for the bomber alone, the aerodynamic center was 0.21 mean aerodynamic chord behind the center of gravity (stable) but that for the tandem configuration with rigid coupling the aerodynamic center was 0.28 mean aerodynamic chord forward of the center of gravity of the combination (unstable). This reduction in stability was caused by the downwash of the bomber on the fighter. The pitching moment produced by elevator deflection of the bomber was reduced approximately 50 percent by addition of the fighter. Some recent flight tests made in the free-flight tunnel on models in a similar tandem configuration indicated that, with a hinged coupling permitting freedom in pitch, the stability of the combination was better than that obtained with a rigid coupling and was about the same as that for the bomber alone.

GENERAL VIEW OF THE PRODUCTION LINE BEING CONVERTED FROM B26 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

GENERAL VIEW OF THE PRODUCTION LINE BEING CONVERTED FROM B-26 TO B-29 PRODUCTION SHOWING THE LINK-BELT CONVEYOR SYSTEM AND ENGINE NACELLES READY FOR ASSEMBLY. WHO, 1944 - Offutt Air Force Base, Glenn L. Martin-Nebraska Bomber Plant, Building D, Peacekeeper Drive, Bellevue, Sarpy County, NE

DETAIL VIEW ABOVE THE MAIN ASSEMBLY LEVEL SHOWING HOIST AT ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

DETAIL VIEW ABOVE THE MAIN ASSEMBLY LEVEL SHOWING HOIST AT COLUMN LINE U-6 USED FOR LIFTING WING COMPONENTS FROM THE WING ASSEMBLY ANNEX TO THE B-29 PRODUCTION LINE. - Offutt Air Force Base, Glenn L. Martin-Nebraska Bomber Plant, Building D, Peacekeeper Drive, Bellevue, Sarpy County, NE

United States Air Force Annual Financial Statement 2011

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources , gathering and maintaining...defenses. The B-52 Stratofortress is a long-range, nuclear and conventional heavy bomber that can perform a variety of missions. The bomber can fly...of the United States Government are deposited. Exceptions include receipts from specific sources required by law to be deposited into other

The Army Air Forces in World War II. Volume 3. Europe: Argument to V-E Day, January 1944 to May 1945

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-01

ters, dispatching 3 2 8 heavy bombers and I 6 groups of fighters to drop more than 1,000 tons on the Troyes , Reims, Brussels, LiCge, Sarre...American bombers, nine of which were shot down on this occasion. On 3 0 May the Eighth attacked Troyes , Reims, and Brussels, and on 4 June it bombed...concentrated on forcing Seine crossings to the south where it passed the river barrier at Melun and Fontainebleau on the 24th an’d a t Troyes a day

Pursuit of the Torch: Influences on Acquisition of USAAF Fighter Aircraft Used in the North African Campaign

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

138- 143 . 36 advancing bomber versus pursuit technology took on greater significance. The need to establish a balanced force was just one more...54 Watson, 138- 143 . 55 AAF Statistical Digest: World War II, December 1945, Table 79. The percentage...72 William Wolf American Fighter-Bombers in World War II: USAAF Jabos in the MTO and ETO (Atglen, PA: Schiffer

Optimizing the post-START (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty) US strategic nuclear force mix. Master's thesis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Leary, D.A.

1989-06-01

This thesis examines the impact a START agreement might have on the United States and Soviet strategic nuclear forces. It then proposes an optimum post-START force mix for the United States and the Soviet Union. The current, as well as projected, post-START targeting policies are discussed. It is concluded that the impact of a START agreement on the current U.S. strategic targeting policy will be minimal. Although the target data base will not shrink as much as the forces tasked to cover it, a prioritization of targets is all that should be necessary with a post-START force. A START agreementmore » will mean major reductions in U.S. and Soviet strategic nuclear forces. As proposed in this thesis, only the ICBM leg of the Triad will require any major re-structuring. This would include the addition of mobile ICBM systems. The SLBM and bomber legs will feel minimal changes (i.e., retiring POSEIDON SSBNs and retiring or converting some older B-52s). It is recommended that the B-52 program be cancelled, and funding be re-directed into mobile ICBM systems. By doing so the United States could utilize technology available today to strengthen its forces and not gamble on the low-observable technology which a stealth bomber might have.« less

Bomber: The Formation and Early Years of Strategic Air Command

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-11-01

USSTAF US Strategic Air Forces VDT variable discharge turbine (engine) VFR visual flight rules VHB very heavy bomber VJ-Day Victory over Japan Day WSEG...projectile from high altitude, from a moving and unstable platform, in strong and unpredictable winds , against ground targets four to five miles below...aircraft that could carry the requisite bomb load over long distances and do so without incur- ring prohibitive losses to enemy defenses were not yet

Countering Putins Nuclear-Backed Aggression with a Continuous Nuclear-Capable Bomber Presence

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-05-13

backed aggression can only be answered by a visible increase in nuclear capability in Europe. A nuclear-capable bomber force that permanently rotates ...permanently rotates through the EUCOM Area of Responsibility (AOR) would provide the United States with the ability to attack Putin’s strategy in three ways...One nuclear detonation in Europe would change the world. A BMD system cannot promise countries that it will negate every Russian nuclear missile

18. Readiness Crew Building interior, lower level corridor. This corridor ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

18. Readiness Crew Building interior, lower level corridor. This corridor is located in the southwest side of the building and runs from southeast to northwest; view looking northwest from the exit door at the southeast end. Lyon - Whiteman Air Force Base, Bomber Alert Facility S-6, 1300 Alert Road, Knob Noster, Johnson County, MO

DETAIL VIEW ON THE MAIN ASSEMBLY LEVEL OF A LADDER ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

DETAIL VIEW ON THE MAIN ASSEMBLY LEVEL OF A LADDER TO THE CATWALK AT COLUMN LINE AA-28 SHOWING VERTICAL MECHANICAL DUCT, RETURN AIR FLOOR GRILLE, STEEL INDUSTRIAL SASH WINDOWS AND CROSS BRACING OF SOUTH WALL. - Offutt Air Force Base, Glenn L. Martin-Nebraska Bomber Plant, Building D, Peacekeeper Drive, Bellevue, Sarpy County, NE

CTC Sentinel. Volume 4 Number 1, January 2011

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

Muslims had been forced to wear the hijab . The ISoc also prevented Muslims from using an “interfaith prayer room,” a practice which they believed was...from terrorism in an al-Jazira broadcast in October 2004. This sense of immunity was shattered twice in December 2010. First, a suicide bomber...bomber before the attack, as he had studied and lived for a decade in the United Kingdom. At the same time, he admitted he had traveled to Iraq to

Aviators and Air Combat: A Study of the U.S. Eighth Air Force and R.A.F. Bomber Command

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-07-01

These were the human qualities, above all others, that air war seemed to demand . The reasons for this are apparent from the nature of the conflict. If we...are fundamentally similar with respect to the human dimension. Even so, the terrific demands placed on aerial combatants in a Clausewitzian sense...Bomber Offensive. Subsequent chapters of the thesis deal directly with issues arising out of the extraordinarily demanding nature of air combat

Crisis Stability and Long-Range Strike: A Comparative Analysis of Fighters, Bombers, and Missiles

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-01-01

1947–1949 Crisis pakistan: Seize Kashmir hawker tempests , but not brandished or employed no India: Deny pakistan control of Kashmir hawker... tempests , but not brandished or employed no war Berlin 1948–1949 Crisis uSSR: Force western powers out of west Berlin Bombers and strike aircraft...resolution to border dispute B-24, B-57, hF-24, tempest , Mystère IV, Ouragan aircraft, but none brandished or employed no war Table C.1

Post-Cold War East Asia: A Geopolitical Overview With Recommendations for U.S. Force Posture

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-04-01

Its transition to institutional democracy was marked by assertive rhetoric and exploratory moves toward independence.21 From President Lee Teng-hui’s...accessed 18 April 2015). 59. Warren Strobel , “U.S. B-2 bombers sent to Korea on rare mission: diplomacy not destruction,” Reuters, 30 March 2013, http...Solomon, Jonathan F. “Demystifying Conventional Deterrence.” Strategic Studies Quarterly (Winter 2013): 117-157. Strobel , Warren. “U.S. B-2 bombers

A Simulation Based Methodology to Examine the B-1B’s AN/ALQ-161 Maintenance Process

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

Paper, 2001). “The Air Force does not think of, or advertise , bombers as interchangeable. The B-1, B-2 and B-52 all have a specific mission area and...Path Modeling ( CPM ), Goal Programming, EOQ, Nonlinear Programming Predictive Models unknown, ill-defined known or under the decision-maker’s

A Simulation Based Methodology to Examine the B-1B’s AN/ALQ-161 Maintenance Process

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

2001). “The Air Force does not think of, or advertise , bombers as interchangeable. The B-1, B-2 and B-52 all have a specific mission area and 2...Modeling ( CPM ), Goal Programming, EOQ, Nonlinear Programming Predictive Models unknown, ill-defined known or under the decision-maker’s control

Encyclopedia of U.S. Air Force Aircraft and Missile Systems. Volume 2. Post-World War II Bombers, 1945-1973

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-01

36 program. Of perhaps greater import, this cooperation would blend Northrop’s engineering skill and Convair’s experience in quantity production of...projects. Small swept winglets were attached along- side the nose of the reconfigured bomber-NB-52E. A long probe extended from the nose of the modified...the aircraft’s winglets (canards), which reduced 30 percent of the vertical and 50 percent of the horizontal vibrations caused by air gusts. The NB

Capabilities and application of a dedicated conventional bomber force in 1993. Student report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Thomits, J.R.

1988-04-01

The removal of intermediate-range ballistic missiles as a result of the INF treaty presents conventional balance-of-force implications that will be difficult for NATO to redress in the short term. This study evaluates how a dedicated conventional B-52 force, updated with presently available or programmed technologies, could be applied to overcome the conventional-force imbalance.

The Conventional Bomber Force War-horses For Global Conflicts - Capabilities, Limitations, and Modernization

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-10-01

intelligence developed an authentic European conflict scenario based on WINTEX- CIMEX 󈨝, a detailed European command post exercise. One of the primary...them. The only exercises in which we effectively train from start to finish are the large CPXs like WINTEX/ CIMEX . This exercise is a procedural...general war CPX, sponsored by the Joint Chiefs of Staff. WINTEX/ CIMEX exercises. tests, and evaluates command and control procedures. planning. and

The Invincible Bomber-In Search of Loki’s Arrow

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-06-01

MAXWELL AIR FORCE BASE, ALABAMA JUNE 2015 DISTRIBUTION A. Approved for public release: distribution unlimited. APPROVAL The undersigned...69 1 Chapter 1 Introduction I think it is well also for the man in the street to realize that there is no power on earth that can...Baldr’s brother Hod to shoot at Baldr for fun . When Hod shot Baldr with the mistletoe arrow, the arrow instantly killed Baldr. Loki faded from sight

Joint Force Quarterly: The Greater Middle East. Number 24. Spring 2000.

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-01-01

plans would manifest. In November 1947 the chiefs approved war Was the bomb delivered by strategic bombers in a plan Broiler . Like its predecessor it...was to treat strategic airpower be met, Broiler reflected the reduced resources and the bomb first and foremost as a means to available in 1948...destroy the industrial base-an operational in- The Broiler target lists still emphasized in- strument of war, not a deterrent weapon of terror. dustrial

The Utility of Targeting the Petroleum-Based Sector of a Nation’s Economic Infrastructure

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-06-01

throughout most of 1940 and continued to enjoy popular support. The Future Strateg report issued by the British chiefs of staff on 4 September 1940...Casablanca during mid-January 1943. Among the key issues discussed was how best to use the rapidly growing Allied bomber force. On 21 January 1943, the CCS...example involving strategic bombing remained World War II. Planners are only now just beginning to resolve the issue of "tactical" versus "strategic

Assessing Possible Improvements in NATO’s Non-Strategic Nuclear Deterrence Forces

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-12-01

QUESTION Currently, the only U.S. nuclear weapon based in Europe is the B-61 gravity bomb . The B-61 could be delivered by U.S. and Allied fighter-bomber...currently consists of only air-delivered B-61 gravity bombs . This thesis therefore addresses a little- studied topic of growing importance. Literature on...Postgraduate School, 1989), 53–4, http://hdl.handle.net/10945/29008. 6 would not be possible when using DCA to deliver a B-61 gravity bomb

A Service in Transition: Forging an Integrated Institutional Identity for the United States Air Force

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

Jr (Bomber) o Seventh Air Force, LTG Jeffrey A. Remington (Fighter) o Eleventh Air Force, LTG Dana T. Atkins (Fighter) o Thirteenth Air Force, LTG...Acculturation.‖ In Handbook of Socialization: Theory and Research, edited by Joan E. Grusec, and Paul D. Hastings, 543-560. New York, NY: Guilford...Philip. ―Determinism and Indeterminacy in the History of Technology.‖ In Does Technology Drive History?, edited by Merritt Roe Smith, and Leo Marx

A water-cannon salute from two Air Force fire trucks heralds NASA research pilot Gordon Fullerton's final mission as his NASA F/A-18 taxis beneath the spray.

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-12-21

Long-time NASA Dryden research pilot and former astronaut C. Gordon Fullerton capped an almost 50-year flying career, including more than 38 years with NASA, with a final flight in a NASA F/A-18 on Dec. 21, 2007. Fullerton and Dryden research pilot Jim Smolka flew a 90-minute pilot proficiency formation aerobatics flight with another Dryden F/A-18 and a Dryden T-38 before concluding with two low-level formation flyovers of Dryden before landing. Fullerton was honored with a water-cannon spray arch provided by two fire trucks from the Edwards Air Force Base fire department as he taxied the F/A-18 up to the Dryden ramp, and was then greeted by his wife Marie and several hundred Dryden staff after his final flight. Fullerton began his flying career with the U.S. Air Force in 1958 after earning bachelor's and master's degrees in mechanical engineering from the California Institute of Technology. Initially trained as a fighter pilot, he later transitioned to multi-engine bombers and became a bomber operations test pilot after attending the Air Force Aerospace Research Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif. He then was assigned to the flight crew for the planned Air Force Manned Orbital Laboratory in 1966. Upon cancellation of that program, the Air Force assigned Fullerton to NASA's astronaut corps in 1969. He served on the support crews for the Apollo 14, 15, 16 and 17 lunar missions, and was later assigned to one of the two flight crews that piloted the space shuttle prototype Enterprise during the Approach and Landing Test program at Dryden. He then logged some 382 hours in space when he flew on two early space shuttle missions, STS-3 on Columbia in 1982 and STS-51F on Challenger in 1985. He joined the flight crew branch at NASA Dryden after leaving the astronaut corps in 1986. During his 21 years at Dryden, Fullerton was project pilot on a number of high-profile research efforts, including the Propulsion Controlled Aircraft, the high-speed landing tests of

The Megabyte Will Always Get Through

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-05-17

Curry , the commander of the Army Air Forces Tactical School, wanted the school at Maxwell Field to be a “clearing house where tactical ideas can flow...intelligence, spy satellites, drone aircraft, and manned bombers, could identify the target. This cyber attack once more demonstrated “the

A Bibliography of Selected Publications: Project Air Force, 5th Edition

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-05-01

Dyna - R-3028-AF. A Dynamic Retention Model for Air Force Officers: METRIC’s DL and and Pipeilne Variability. M. J. Carrillo. Theory and Estimates. G...Theorem and Dyna - and Support. METRIC’s Demand and Pipeline Variability. R-3255-AF. Aircraft Airframe Cost Estimating Relationships: N-2283/1-AF...U). 1970-1985. N-2409-AF. Tanker Splitting Across the SlOP Bomber Force R-3389-AF. Dyna -METRIC Version 4: Modeling Worldwide (U). Logistics Support of

Retired NASA research pilot and former astronaut Gordon Fullerton was greeted by scores of NASA Dryden staff who bid him farewell after his final NASA flight.

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-12-21

Long-time NASA Dryden research pilot and former astronaut C. Gordon Fullerton capped an almost 50-year flying career, including more than 38 years with NASA, with a final flight in a NASA F/A-18 on Dec. 21, 2007. Fullerton and Dryden research pilot Jim Smolka flew a 90-minute pilot proficiency formation aerobatics flight with another Dryden F/A-18 and a Dryden T-38 before concluding with two low-level formation flyovers of Dryden before landing. Fullerton was honored with a water-cannon spray arch provided by two fire trucks from the Edwards Air Force Base fire department as he taxied the F/A-18 up to the Dryden ramp, and was then greeted by his wife Marie and several hundred Dryden staff after his final flight. Fullerton began his flying career with the U.S. Air Force in 1958 after earning bachelor's and master's degrees in mechanical engineering from the California Institute of Technology. Initially trained as a fighter pilot, he later transitioned to multi-engine bombers and became a bomber operations test pilot after attending the Air Force Aerospace Research Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif. He then was assigned to the flight crew for the planned Air Force Manned Orbital Laboratory in 1966. Upon cancellation of that program, the Air Force assigned Fullerton to NASA's astronaut corps in 1969. He served on the support crews for the Apollo 14, 15, 16 and 17 lunar missions, and was later assigned to one of the two flight crews that piloted the space shuttle prototype Enterprise during the Approach and Landing Test program at Dryden. He then logged some 382 hours in space when he flew on two early space shuttle missions, STS-3 on Columbia in 1982 and STS-51F on Challenger in 1985. He joined the flight crew branch at NASA Dryden after leaving the astronaut corps in 1986. During his 21 years at Dryden, Fullerton was project pilot on a number of high-profile research efforts, including the Propulsion Controlled Aircraft, the high-speed landing tests of

Two NASA Dryden F/A-18s flown by Gordon Fullerton and Nils Larson fly in tight formation Dec. 21, 2007 during Fullerton's final flight before his retirement.

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-12-21

Long-time NASA Dryden research pilot and former astronaut C. Gordon Fullerton capped an almost 50-year flying career, including more than 38 years with NASA, with a final flight in a NASA F/A-18 on Dec. 21, 2007. Fullerton and Dryden research pilot Jim Smolka flew a 90-minute pilot proficiency formation aerobatics flight with another Dryden F/A-18 and a Dryden T-38 before concluding with two low-level formation flyovers of Dryden before landing. Fullerton was honored with a water-cannon spray arch provided by two fire trucks from the Edwards Air Force Base fire department as he taxied the F/A-18 up to the Dryden ramp, and was then greeted by his wife Marie and several hundred Dryden staff after his final flight. Fullerton began his flying career with the U.S. Air Force in 1958 after earning bachelor's and master's degrees in mechanical engineering from the California Institute of Technology. Initially trained as a fighter pilot, he later transitioned to multi-engine bombers and became a bomber operations test pilot after attending the Air Force Aerospace Research Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif. He then was assigned to the flight crew for the planned Air Force Manned Orbital Laboratory in 1966. Upon cancellation of that program, the Air Force assigned Fullerton to NASA's astronaut corps in 1969. He served on the support crews for the Apollo 14, 15, 16 and 17 lunar missions, and was later assigned to one of the two flight crews that piloted the space shuttle prototype Enterprise during the Approach and Landing Test program at Dryden. He then logged some 382 hours in space when he flew on two early space shuttle missions, STS-3 on Columbia in 1982 and STS-51F on Challenger in 1985. He joined the flight crew branch at NASA Dryden after leaving the astronaut corps in 1986. During his 21 years at Dryden, Fullerton was project pilot on a number of high-profile research efforts, including the Propulsion Controlled Aircraft, the high-speed landing tests of

Tuskegee Airman Lee Hayes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hayes, Lee

2006-08-03

Hayes, a resident of Amagansett who worked at Brookhaven Lab as a custodian from 1958 to 1966, served in an all-black bomber squadron at Tuskegee Army Air Field in Alabama. He was among 994 precedent-breaking black soldiers at Tuskegee who passed rigorous tests between 1942 and 1946 to become pilots in the then-segregated armed forces.

A Change in the Air: Strategic Innovation and the Combined Bomber Offensive

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-06-01

same lineup of enemies and allies throughout.‖7 The George W. Bush administration proclaimed in the 2006 Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR), that...the organization rather than forcing new ones. Posen argues, ―Changing enemies or allies may take less time than changing plans or procedures …[and

Tuskegee Airman Lee Hayes

ScienceCinema

Hayes, Lee

2017-12-22

Hayes, a resident of Amagansett who worked at Brookhaven Lab as a custodian from 1958 to 1966, served in an all-black bomber squadron at Tuskegee Army Air Field in Alabama. He was among 994 precedent-breaking black soldiers at Tuskegee who passed rigorous tests between 1942 and 1946 to become pilots in the then-segregated armed forces.

Air and Space Power Journal. Volume 16, Number 4, Winter 2002

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-01-01

www.wpafb.af.mil/ museum/research/bombers/ b1 -10.htm. The Oath of Office A Historical Guide to Moral Leadership LT COL KENNETH KESKEL, USAF Editorial...typical of the Royal Air Force (RAF) between the wars, excelling at rugby , boxing, and cricket (in which he was scheduled to compete for England

Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 24, Number 3, Fall 2010

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

36 F­4Es, directly to Israeli Air Force (IAF) stocks. Featuring USAF camouflage, these aircraft flew in combat with freshly painted IAF insignia ...certain death as members of Eighth Air Force’s bomber crews over Nazi -occupied Europe. One of these men, James “Jim” Davis, from Texas, recounts his

Communicating Why: Aligning the Air Force Message

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-02-17

innovation as the Air Force’s HOW, after all the service could not have demonstrated its WHY without it. For example, Lt Col Jimmy Doolittle ...the Doolittle Raid.54 Later in the war, General Doolittle’s first order as the newly appointed commander of the 8th Air Force was to free the...fighters from their strict bomber tether so they could go on the offensive against the German fighters.55 As Doolittle later noted, the German General of

A Case Study of Manned Strategic Bomber Acquisition: The B-70 Valkyrie

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-09-01

TIC Aproved for public ,, iota ,: L.c E - DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE S AIR UNIVERSITYAIR FORCE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY iTHESI W right- Patterson Air...found that covered the political history in a thorough, chronological manner. Additionally, because of security classification or other sensitivities...discussions. The first step in securing the interview was a formal, written requests from the AFIT/LS Dean, shown in Appendix A. Any further steps in the

Nuclear Weapons: The Reliable Replacement Warhead Program

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-06-23

delivery vehicles ” — bombers, missile submarines, and land-based missiles — each of which would typically carry a new-design warhead tailored to its...weight because bombers carry heavier loads than missiles. 26 Ballistic missiles carry warheads inside reentry vehicles (RVs). An RV is a streamlined...shell that protects its warhead from the intense heat and other stresses of reentering the atmosphere at high speed. RVs are designed to carry a

Realistic Bomber Training Initiative Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-03-01

mph at the surface and 27 mph at 22 feet AGL; e ) A pull-up maneuver by the B-1B, which may be executed once or twice per sortie- operation, can...avoid resources, where feasible. ( e ) Developing and implementing site-specifi.c mitigation measures, if required. (3) The Air Force will avoid or...form a complete MOA, the LancerMOA. (2) Concerns were expressed about the structw~ e of the proposed MTR, IR 178. The Air Force reduced noise

Creech Blue: Gen Bill Creech and the Reformation of the Tactical Air Forces, 1978-1984

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-10-01

formation that, in large measure, built the Air Force that has fought so brilliantly in campaigns from Operation Desert Storm to the present global war...than eight years for LeMay and more than six for Creech. In LeMay’s case , it was the Strategic Air Command (SAC) during its formative years, when...nuclear weapons, bombers, and intercontinental ballistic missiles were the order of the day. In Creech’s case , it was TAC during the post-Vietnam defense

Return of the Bomber: The Future of Long-Range Strike

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-02-01

Aircraft Co., was in training with the Royal Air Force. Eaker borrowed six A-20s and manned them with American crews. It was those aircraft, and those...Still, the long missions came about through necessity, not choice. “You’ve got to think they were jelly at the end of it,” noted Bowie.79 Other

Identification - Friend or Foe? The Strategic Uses and Future Implications of the Revolutionary New ID Technologies

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-04-26

technologies might offer us those means. The Means – Securing the Battlespace by Leveraging Information Dominance A suicide bomber intent on achieving his...be a watershed for netcentric warfare – the transition of information dominance from force multiplier to new capability. 67 It would serve as a prime

The Domestic IED Threat

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

threat that could use IEDs in the homeland is single-issue organizations. This threat includes such groups as the Okla- homa City bombers and other...threat during joint Army–Air Force exercise U .S . A ir Fo rc e (S te ph en O te ro ) ndupress .ndu.edu issue 48, 1st quarter 2008 / JFQ        69

A Bomber Fighter Duel (II)

DTIC Science & Technology

1949-07-25

RAND 1 RESEARCH MEMORANDUM c: . A BOMBER FIGHTER DUEL (II) David Blackwell and Max Shiffiaan HM-193 • 25 July 1949 Copy No./c^JZ. . Thi...II) David Blackwell and Max Shiffman 0. Summary. This memorandum completes the study’of the fighteir- bomber duel described in RM-l65i» The... duel is one in which a fighter fires a single rocket burst at a bomber, which has limited ammunition, and defends itself by intermittent firing. It

More than 200 Dryden staff formed two long lines on the Dryden ramp to greet retired research pilot Gordon Fullerton after his final flight in a NASA F/A-18.

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-12-21

Long-time NASA Dryden research pilot and former astronaut C. Gordon Fullerton capped an almost 50-year flying career, including more than 38 years with NASA, with a final flight in a NASA F/A-18 on Dec. 21, 2007. Fullerton and Dryden research pilot Jim Smolka flew a 90-minute pilot proficiency formation aerobatics flight with another Dryden F/A-18 and a Dryden T-38 before concluding with two low-level formation flyovers of Dryden before landing. Fullerton was honored with a water-cannon spray arch provided by two fire trucks from the Edwards Air Force Base fire department as he taxied the F/A-18 up to the Dryden ramp, and was then greeted by his wife Marie and several hundred Dryden staff after his final flight. Fullerton began his flying career with the U.S. Air Force in 1958 after earning bachelor's and master's degrees in mechanical engineering from the California Institute of Technology. Initially trained as a fighter pilot, he later transitioned to multi-engine bombers and became a bomber operations test pilot after attending the Air Force Aerospace Research Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif. He then was assigned to the flight crew for the planned Air Force Manned Orbital Laboratory in 1966. Upon cancellation of that program, the Air Force assigned Fullerton to NASA's astronaut corps in 1969. He served on the support crews for the Apollo 14, 15, 16 and 17 lunar missions, and was later assigned to one of the two flight crews that piloted the space shuttle prototype Enterprise during the Approach and Landing Test program at Dryden. He then logged some 382 hours in space when he flew on two early space shuttle missions, STS-3 on Columbia in 1982 and STS-51F on Challenger in 1985. He joined the flight crew branch at NASA Dryden after leaving the astronaut corps in 1986. During his 21 years at Dryden, Fullerton was project pilot on a number of high-profile research efforts, including the Propulsion Controlled Aircraft, the high-speed landing tests of

NASA Dryden research pilot Gordon Fullerton flies his final mission in NASA F/A-18B #852 in formation with NASA F/A-18A #850 on Dec. 21, 2007.

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-12-21

Long-time NASA Dryden research pilot and former astronaut C. Gordon Fullerton capped an almost 50-year flying career, including more than 38 years with NASA, with a final flight in a NASA F/A-18 on Dec. 21, 2007. Fullerton and Dryden research pilot Jim Smolka flew a 90-minute pilot proficiency formation aerobatics flight with another Dryden F/A-18 and a Dryden T-38 before concluding with two low-level formation flyovers of Dryden before landing. Fullerton was honored with a water-cannon spray arch provided by two fire trucks from the Edwards Air Force Base fire department as he taxied the F/A-18 up to the Dryden ramp, and was then greeted by his wife Marie and several hundred Dryden staff after his final flight. Fullerton began his flying career with the U.S. Air Force in 1958 after earning bachelor's and master's degrees in mechanical engineering from the California Institute of Technology. Initially trained as a fighter pilot, he later transitioned to multi-engine bombers and became a bomber operations test pilot after attending the Air Force Aerospace Research Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif. He then was assigned to the flight crew for the planned Air Force Manned Orbital Laboratory in 1966. Upon cancellation of that program, the Air Force assigned Fullerton to NASA's astronaut corps in 1969. He served on the support crews for the Apollo 14, 15, 16 and 17 lunar missions, and was later assigned to one of the two flight crews that piloted the space shuttle prototype Enterprise during the Approach and Landing Test program at Dryden. He then logged some 382 hours in space when he flew on two early space shuttle missions, STS-3 on Columbia in 1982 and STS-51F on Challenger in 1985. He joined the flight crew branch at NASA Dryden after leaving the astronaut corps in 1986. During his 21 years at Dryden, Fullerton was project pilot on a number of high-profile research efforts, including the Propulsion Controlled Aircraft, the high-speed landing tests of sp

Strategic bombers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1992-07-01

This paper reports on the questions: should Congress provide more funds for the Air Force's current plan---the CORE program---to upgrade the B-1B defense avionics system In GAO's view, more testing of the system is not necessary to determine whether to implement the CORE program. Flight testing has shown that the CORE modifications would provide similar operational capabilities to, and offer some survivability improvements over, the existing defense avionics system. The only reason for additional testing would be to prove that some problems with the maintenance diagnostic system has been resolved. Initial testing revealed that while some improvements were achieved, usermore » requirements were not met for such things as low false alarm rates and cannot duplicate rates. Even if the maintenance diagnostic capabilities were fully demonstrated, however, the CORE system should not be implemented until it is known whether the defense avionics system design can support the B-1B's new role as a conventional bomber.« less

Congress Investigates: Pearl Harbor and 9/11 Congressional Hearing Exhibits

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blackerby, Christine

2011-01-01

On the morning of December 7, 1941, Japanese bombers staged a surprise attack on U.S. military forces at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. Sixty years after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States was attacked again. On the morning of September 11, 2001, four commercial airplanes hijacked by 19 terrorists killed nearly 3,000 people when they crashed…

A Uniform Approach to National Suicide Bomber Incident Response and Recovery

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-03-01

33 D. ELEMENTS OF MOTIVATION.................................................................35 E. THE TAMIL TIGER INFLUENCE...34 Ibid., 11. 35 Ibid., 8-12. 12 support of common objectives. Use of the Incident Command System (ICS) is an important element across multi... elements : • Initial strategic focus: to drive overt and covert United States forces from Muslim lands in the Near and Middle East. Covert American

ISIS and Social Media: The Combatant Commander’s Guide to Countering ISIS’s Social Media Campaign

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-06-07

temptation to use mirror imaging, or to try to fit ISIS into a simple, pre-determined ideological box. This is especially important when trying to design...fighters play an important role as willing suicide bombers and they also portray the image that the Islamic State stands as a transnational force of

Why Not Airdrop? The Utility of Preplanned Airdrop to Resupply Land Forces in the Contemporary Operating Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-05-25

AMLOs ). ALOs and AMLOs are rated United States Air Force pilots or navigators former from the fighter and or bomber community and the latter from the...the final ground--air link in close air support. For airdrop, AMLOs have the expertise to assist Army units with planning and coordination.139 Given...the dispersed nature of the COE, however, the one or two AMLOs assigned to each rce to be tapped into is the ETACs. These Airmen not only “speak

START II Frame Work

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-04-01

Colonel Richard J. Barringer , USAF The Industrial College of the Armed Forces National Defense University Fort McNair, Washington, D.C. 20319-6000 93...Executive Research Project A94 START II Frame Work Lieutenant Colonel Donald E. Belche U.S. Air Force Faculty Research Advisor Colonel Richard J. Barringer ...1,659 - 3,456 0.48 Bombers 0.11 x 4,208 = 463 - 1,100 = 0.42 Total 9,064 2,248 - 5,956 = 0.38 charts 12 and 13 28 CHART 14 U.§ IA~aI ULA QC TU R AFTER 5

Lightning Strikes and Thunder Claps: The Strategic Bomber and Air Superiority

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-12-01

Views November–December 2012 Air & Space Power Journal | 137 Lightning Strikes and Thunder Claps The Strategic Bomber and Air Superiority Maj Wade S...2012 to 00-00-2012 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Lightning Strikes and Thunder Claps: The Strategic Bomber and Air Superiority 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b

Department of the Air Force Justification of Estimates for Fiscal Year 1986 Submitted to Congress February 1985. Aircraft Procurement, Air Force

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-02-01

air-to-grurod cruise missile planned for use c-i the bomber force. IAs one of the zany i,,eapons iu the manned tmorer’s arsenal, t.L AO’ stresses the...29.4 78.4 SPX Cuminication Replacent 8.9 - - tIL OIR PRO•XUJfIN C&X4 ES 1413.3 1877.4 2683.7 3382.3 i ," / Justification for the various line items is...COntROL SYSTEMS DJE TO THE STRESS CORROSION CRACKING TiAT DEVELOPS. THI$ MODIFICATION REPLACES ThE MAGNESIUM COMPONENTS IN THE FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM WITH

United States Air Force Agency Financial Report 2014

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-01-01

basic sciences and 45 semester hours in humanities and social sciences . This 90 semester hour total comprises 60 percent of the total academic...Test and Evaluation Support $723 F-35 $628 Defense Research Sciences $373 GPS III-Operational Control Segment $373 Long Range Strike Bomber $359...Development, Test & Evaluation Family Housing & Military Construction (Less: Earned Revenue) Net Cost before Losses/ (Gains) from Actuarial Assumption

Earth Observations taken by the Expedition 14 crew

NASA Image and Video Library

2006-11-07

ISS014-E-07480 (11 Nov. 2006) --- Dyess Air Force Base is featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 14 crewmember on the International Space Station. Dyess Air Force Base, located near the central Texas city of Abilene, is the home of the 7th Bomb Wing and 317th Airlift Groups of the United States Air Force. The Base also conducts all initial Air Force combat crew training for the B-1B Lancer aircraft. The main runway is approximately 5 kilometers in length to accommodate the large bombers and cargo aircraft at the base -- many of which are parked in parallel rows on the base tarmac. Lieutenant Colonel William E. Dyess, for whom the base is named, was a highly decorated pilot, squadron commander, and prisoner of war during World War II. The nearby town of Tye, Texas was established by the Texas and Pacific Railway in 1881, and expanded considerably following reactivation of a former air field as Dyess Air Force Base in 1956. Airfields and airports are useful sites for astronauts to hone their long camera lens photographic technique to acquire high resolution images. The sharp contrast between highly reflective linear features, such as runways, with darker agricultural fields and undisturbed land allows fine focusing of the cameras. This on-the-job training is key for obtaining high resolution imagery of Earth, as well as acquiring inspection photographs of space shuttle thermal protection tiles during continuing missions to the International Space Station.

The Illogic of the Biological Weapons Taboo

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

strategic approach to arms control is consistent with well- known theo­ ries of international relations (IR). Most prominently, many realists have long ...strike retaliatory systems, such as long -range bomber forces or nuclear-armed submarines. Schelling and Halperin also argued that arms control can...of biological pathogens—bacteria, viruses, fungi and toxins—to kill or incapacitate one’s enemies has a long pedigree that includes not only Scythian

Extended Deterrence and Allied Assurance: Key Concepts and Current Challenges for U.S. Policy

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-01

include adversary nuclear forces and stockpiles) in the pre- satellite era required a strategy using large numbers of bombers, large numbers of...radar and sensor capabilities related to TMD, activities Canberra considered important to “bolstering 59 the [U.S.-Australia] alliance.” 146 In...external attack; with potential adversaries developing anti- satellite 90 capabilities, and conducting cyber incursions and attacks against U.S. and

U.S. Strategic Nuclear Forces: Background, Developments, and Issues

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-03-10

Strategic Offensive Reduction Treaty (known as the Moscow Treaty) between the United States and Russia, this number was to decline to no more than 2,200...the 2002 Moscow Treaty. According to the Bush Administration, operationally deployed warheads were those deployed on missiles and stored near bombers...given time. The warheads that could be carried on those submarines would not count against the Moscow Treaty limits because they would not be

Ensuring Operational Readiness: Private Military Contractor Support for the United States Air Force

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-03-15

range, supersonic, low altitude terrain following bomber that could evade Soviet detection. It is now loaded with conventional bombs and flown hundreds... bombs that commercially available single engine propeller planes can employ. The Airmen who perform this endeavor are America’s finest. They...array of weapons, to include laser, electro optical, and infrared guided missiles, laser and GPS guided bombs , 2.75” rockets, and a 20mm Gatling gun

The Thule episode epidemiological follow up after the crash of a B-52 bomber in Greenland: registry linkage, mortality, hospital admissions.

PubMed Central

Juel, K

1992-01-01

STUDY OBJECTIVES--The aim was to explore the pattern of disease in staff associated with a bomber that crashed in 1968 when carrying nuclear bombs. DESIGN--The database was constructed from staff files of Danish workers employed from 1 April 1963 to 1 July 1971. Comparison was made between subsequent mortality and hospital admissions of workers employed during the clean up of the crashed bomber, and those employed outside this period. SETTING--The study involved workers employed at Thule US air base in Greenland. MAIN RESULTS--During 1963-1971, 4322 staff were employed at the air base. Of these, 4265 (98.7%) were identified in 1987, among whom 1202 workers were employed during the clean up period. No differences were found in total mortality, or mortality from cancer, heart disease, or accidents, after allowing for differences in age, marital status, or length of employment, between those employed during the clean up period and those employed at other times. Similarly, no difference in hospital admissions between the two groups was found. CONCLUSIONS--No harmful effects on health due to the crash were found, as measured by mortality and hospital admissions. PMID:1431702

The Thule episode epidemiological follow up after the crash of a B-52 bomber in Greenland: registry linkage, mortality, hospital admissions.

PubMed

Juel, K

1992-08-01

The aim was to explore the pattern of disease in staff associated with a bomber that crashed in 1968 when carrying nuclear bombs. The database was constructed from staff files of Danish workers employed from 1 April 1963 to 1 July 1971. Comparison was made between subsequent mortality and hospital admissions of workers employed during the clean up of the crashed bomber, and those employed outside this period. The study involved workers employed at Thule US air base in Greenland. During 1963-1971, 4322 staff were employed at the air base. Of these, 4265 (98.7%) were identified in 1987, among whom 1202 workers were employed during the clean up period. No differences were found in total mortality, or mortality from cancer, heart disease, or accidents, after allowing for differences in age, marital status, or length of employment, between those employed during the clean up period and those employed at other times. Similarly, no difference in hospital admissions between the two groups was found. No harmful effects on health due to the crash were found, as measured by mortality and hospital admissions.

SIOP for Perestroika. Research report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Szafranski, R.

1990-04-01

The pursuit of greater stability through arms reductions is an important component of perestroika. Assuming strategic weapons reductions, the general nuclear war plan, the Single Integrated Operational Plan (SIOP), will change to employ fewer nuclear arms. If stability and threat reduction are authentic goals, the composition of nuclear offensive forces and the SIOP alert force will evolve accordingly. Greater reliance will likely be placed on bombers. The United States and the Soviet Union can use the opportunity provided by perestroika to agree that the only legitimate role of nuclear weapons is to deter nuclear weapons by threatening nuclear reprisal ormore » punishment. Both sides can then share a strategic catechism that would allow them to move toward small reprisal forces.« less

Making the Sea Safer: A National Agenda for Maritime Security and Counterterrorism

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-02-17

small boats as weapons. On November 7, 2000, for example, a Hamas suicide bomber aboard a fishing boat tried to attack an Israeli patrol craft...could involve the use of suicide bombers, as in the case of the Cole, or vessels on autopilot or with remote triggers. It could occur while the targeted...ship or port in the waters of Western Europe, Japan , or the United States. Besides using conventional explosives, the bombers aboard a small boat could

High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 5, Number 2

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-02-01

Institute of Space Law. He also taught management theory for Cerro Coso Com- munity College and Golden Gate University. Mr. Rendleman has been awarded the...nation must not place its sovereignty at risk or forfeit its cur- rent warfighting advantages. To present an effective deterrence, the portrait of...bombers on alert, the preponderance of reliance and risk then moves to the submarine force, essentially requiring the US to rely upon a single nuclear

U.S. Air Force Bomber Sustainment and Modernization: Background and Issues for Congress

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-06-04

turbofan Thrust: Each engine up to 17,000 pounds Wingspan: 185 feet (56.4 meters) Length: 159 feet, 4 inches (48.5 meters) Height: 40 feet, 8...precision and non-precision weapons. Features The B-1B’s blended wing and body configuration, variable-geometry wings, and turbofan afterburning engines... turbofan engine with afterburner Thrust: 30,000-plus pounds with afterburner, per engine Wingspan: 137 feet (41.8 meters) extended forward, 79 feet

Solid-State High Power Radio Frequency Directed Energy Systems in Support of USMC Force Protection Operations

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-06-01

Washington Post. May 7, 2015. 6 Defense has spent upward of $75 billion on new equipment, specialized units, and infrastructure against the deadly weapon...resources, in blood and treasure, spent to combat them. Observers will argue that vehicles used in suicide attempts have been used against the United...Technology Priorities list. It states that resources should be spent to, “create a capability to detect and neutralize suicide bombers including person

U.S. Strategic Nuclear Forces: Background, Developments, and Issues

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-03-18

5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Congressional Research Service,The...extend the life of the missiles and warheads so that they and the submarines can remain in the fleet past 2020. It is designing a new submarine and...modifying and extending the life of the B61 bomb carried on B-2 bombers and fighter aircraft. The Obama Administration completed a review of the size and

Developing an Operational and Tactical Methodology for Incorporating Existing Technologies to Produce the Highest Probability of Detecting an Individual Wearing an IED

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

The public response to the tactical use of suicide bombing depends on how the tactic is used by the insurgent organizations, against whom, and...people from unnecessarily getting hurt. If the goal is to pull aside potential suspects and conduct further searches, then a less certain or...a significant question to security forces. How do you stop a suicide bomber on his way to the target? Individuals who carry improvised explosives

Sustaining the U.S. Air Force Nuclear Mission

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-01-01

B61 -7 B83 B61 -11 B-2 NC3 ITW Tornado F-16...F-15E MMIII W78 W87 Mk-12A Mk-21 B61 -3/4 Gravity bomb: Tactical delivery Long- range standoff ICBM Gravity bomb: Strategic delivery 6...1 Follow-on ALCM B61 -7 B83 B61 -11 Next generation bomber NC3 ITW F-35 New GBSD Follow-on to W87/W78 Next generation fuse B61 -3/4 Gravity

Control Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1984-01-01

Boeing Commercial Airplane Company's Flight Control Department engineers relied on Langley developed software package known as ORACLS to develop an advanced control synthesis package for both continuous and discrete control system. Package was used by Boeing for computerized analysis of new system designs. Resulting applications include a multiple input/output control system for the terrain-following navigation equipment of the Air Forces B-1 Bomber, and another for controlling in flight changes of wing camber on an experimental airplane. ORACLS is one of 1,300 computer programs available from COSMIC.

Soviet Military Thought. The Command and Staff of the Soviet Army Air Force in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945 - A Soviet View,

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-01-01

missions, the long-range bombers struck the enemy’s tanks and mechanized columns on the move at crossings over the West- ern Dvina, Neman , Berezina, Drut... Neman , Narev, and Berezina. Soviet pilots firmly maintained air supremacy, preventing enemy aviation from striking the troops and targets in-the...October 1944 the regiment received the honorary title Neman for its successful combat actions while sup- porting and covering troops crossing the

Soviet Frontal Aviation Operations: Concepts and Problems,

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-06-01

recent exercises. For example, during Operation " Neman " (23-27 July " ’ 1979 in the Baltic MD) a fighter/bomber squadron was assigned the mission of...area. For example, during Operation " Neman ", the commander of a helicopter strike force "did not succeed in imme lately orienting himself on the terrain...Kosmonavtika, #11, 1980) comparison of two different (one correct, one incorrect) techniques used in such operations during Exercise " Neman ". 2 6"Voyska PVO na

Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles and their Role in Future Nuclear Forces

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-05-01

they cannot carry nuclear weapons. The B-52 relies entirely on the ALCM, whereas the B-2 currently relies on unguided bombs . A new stealthy bomber...SLBM program within the next five to seven years to maintain SLBM availability into the 2050s and beyond. bomb . The new bomb will be used by stealthy...accuracy combination in an ICBM, an SLBM, a guided bomb , or a cruise missile. Similarly, speed of response and in-flight survivability favor ICBMs

The Debate is Over: Close Air Support in Korea and Vietnam

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-05-03

F4U Corsair became Marine aviation’s plane of choice. Early models of the Corsair were formidable fighter aircraft best suited for the air...superiority role. By 1944, the Marine Corps made a deliberate effort to transform the Corsair from a fighter to a multi-role fighter- bomber. As such, the F4U...installation of a ten-channel radio facilitated better communications with ground forces. The upgraded Corsair was such an effective ground attack platform

Blacks in the Army Air Forces during World War II: The Problem of Race Relations

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-01-06

of the Southeast - ern Air Corps Training Center at Maxwell Field, to which Tuskegee was attactied, proceeded with the AAF plan. Black pilots were to...was the most unfavorable. Only in oil capacity did it rank second.5 Daily inconveniences at God- man were that the terrain was unsuitable for night...bombers that struck such objec- Activated on 1 Jul 1947. tives as oil refineries, factories, Equipped with P-47’s. hnacti- airfields, and marshalling

Boeing B–29 Superfortress at the Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory

NASA Image and Video Library

1944-07-21

A Boeing B–29 Superfortress at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory in Cleveland, Ohio. The B–29 was the Army Air Forces’ deadliest weapon during the latter portion of World War II. The aircraft was significantly larger than previous bombers but could fly faster and higher. The B–29 was intended to soar above anti-aircraft fire and make pinpoint drops onto strategic targets. The bomber was forced to carry 20,000 pounds more armament than it was designed for. The extra weight pushed the B–29’s four powerful Wright R–3350 engines to their operating limits. The over-heating of the engines proved to be a dangerous problem. The military asked the NACA to tackle the issue. Full-scale engine tests on a R–3350 engine in the Prop House demonstrated that a NACA-designed impeller increased the flow rate of the fuel injection system. Altitude Wind Tunnel studies of the engine led to the reshaping of cowling inlet and outlet to improve airflow and reduce drag. Single-cylinder studies on valve failures were resolved by a slight extension of the cylinder head, and the Engine Research Building researchers combated uneven heating with a new fuel injection system. The modifications were then tried out on an actual B–29. The bomber arrived in Cleveland on June 22, 1944. The new injection impeller, ducted head baffles and instrumentation were installed on the bomber’s two left wing engines. Eleven test flights were flown over the next month with military pilots at the helm. Overall the flight tests corroborated the wind tunnel and test stand studies.

Suicide bombers form a new injury profile.

PubMed

Aharonson-Daniel, Limor; Klein, Yoram; Peleg, Kobi

2006-12-01

Recent explosions of suicide bombers introduced new and unique profiles of injury. Explosives frequently included small metal parts, increasing severity of injuries, challenging both physicians and healthcare systems. Timely detonation in crowded and confined spaces further increased explosion effect. Israel National Trauma Registry data on hospitalized terror casualties between October 1, 2000 and December 31, 2004 were analyzed. A total of 1155 patients injured by explosion were studied. Nearly 30% suffered severe to critical injuries (ISS > or = 16); severe injuries (AIS > or = 3) were more prevalent than in other trauma. Triage has changed as metal parts contained in bombs penetrate the human body with great force and may result in tiny entry wounds easily concealed by hair, clothes etc. A total of 36.6% had a computed tomography (CT), 26.8% had ultrasound scanning, and 53.2% had an x-ray in the emergency department. From the emergency department, 28.3% went directly to the operating room, 10.1% to the intensive care unit, and 58.4% directly to the ward. Injuries were mostly internal, open wounds, and burns, with an excess of injuries to nerves and to blood vessels compared with other trauma mechanisms. A high rate of surgical procedures was recorded, including thoracotomies, laparotomies, craniotomies, and vascular surgery. In certain cases, there were simultaneous multiple injuries that required competing forms of treatment, such as burns and blast lung. Bombs containing metal fragments detonated by suicide bombers in crowded locations change patterns and severity of injury in a civil population. Specific injuries will require tailored approaches, an open mind, and close collaboration and cooperation between trauma surgeons to share experience, opinions, and ideas. Findings presented have implications for triage, diagnosis, treatment, hospital organization, and the definition of surge capacity.

Flight Tests of Various Tail Modifications on the Brewster XSBA-1 Airplane II : Measurements of Flying Qualities with Tail Configuration Number Two

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Phillips, W.H.; Crane, H.L.

1943-01-01

Several tail modifications of the Brewster XSBA-1 scout-bomber were investigated and results compared. Modifications consisted of variation of the chord of the elevator and rudder while the total area of the surfaces is kept constant and variations of the total area of the vertical tail surface. Configuration number 2 reduced trim changes by 50 percent and reduced average elevator control force gradient from 30 to 27 pounds/g. Stick travel required to stall in maneuver was 4.6 inches.

Recent US and Chinese Antisatellite Activities

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

late 1950s, high­ lighted by the launch of a Bold Orion missile from a B-47 bomber. Pres. Gerald R . Ford’s directive of 1975 allowed explo­ ration of...story_generic.jsp?channel = awst &id=news/aw021808p2.xml&headline=U.S.%20To%20Shoot%20Down%20Satellite (accessed 30 October 2008). The Air Force launched NRO...Michael R . Mantz, The New Sword: A Theory of Space Combat Power, research report no. AU-ARI­ 94-6 (Maxwell AFB, AL: Air University Press, May 1995), 99

US defense policy, US Air Force doctrine and strategic nuclear weapon systems, 1958-1964: the case of the Minuteman ICBM

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Reed, G.A.

This study examines the efforts of the US Air Force during 1958-1964 to develop doctrine for strategic nuclear weapon systems. These years were characterized by rapid, extensive change in the technology of nuclear weapons delivery systems, centering in ICBMs replacing bombers as the chief vehicles. Simultaneously, national military strategy changed with the transfer of power from the Eisenhower to the Kennedy Administrations, shifting from reliance on overwhelming nuclear retaliation to emphasis on balanced conventional and nuclear forces. Against this background, the study poses the question: did the Air Force, when confronted with major changes in technology and national policy, developmore » doctrine for strategic nuclear weapon systems that was politically acceptable, technically feasible, and strategically sound. Using the development of the Minuteman ICBM as a case study, the study examines the evolution of Air Force doctrine and concludes that the Air Force did not, because of conceptual problems and bureaucratic exigencies, develop a doctrine adequate to the requirements of deterrence in the dawning era of solid-fuel ICBMs.« less

The Port Moresby-Solomons Operation and the Allied Reaction, 27 Apr - 11 May 1942

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

started their attack, giving most of their attention to Lexington. Yorktown received one bomb hit, but Lexington was struck by two tor- pedoes and two...bombers, and thirty tor- pedo bombers) and 1,074 men; the Allies lost sixty-six aircraft and 543 men.235 One Japanese large carrier was heavily damaged

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lewis, G.N.; Postol, T.A.

Long-range nuclear-armed cruise missiles are highly accurate and are capable of reaching most targets within the United States and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) from launch points beyond their borders. Neither the United States nor the CIS has air surveillance systems capable of providing reliable warning against cruise missiles. Thus it is possible that a small-scale cruise missile attack could go entirely undetected until the nuclear weapons arrived over their targets. Such an attack could destroy the other country's entire strategic bomber force on the ground and severely damage its strategic command and control system, perhaps to the pointmore » of endangering the ability of its ICBM force to be launched on warning. This capability makes long-range nuclear cruise missiles potentially one of the most destabilizing of all nuclear weapons.« less

Visual Simulation The Old Way

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gomes, Gary G.

1986-05-01

A cost effective and supportable color visual system has been developed to provide the necessary visual cues to United States Air Force B-52 bomber pilots training to become proficient at the task of inflight refueling. This camera model visual system approach is not suitable for all simulation applications, but provides a cost effective alternative to digital image generation systems when high fidelity of a single movable object is required. The system consists of a three axis gimballed KC-l35 tanker model, a range carriage mounted color augmented monochrome television camera, interface electronics, a color light valve projector and an infinity optics display system.

The New START Treaty: Central Limits and Key Provisions

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-18

the parties maintained during the life of the treaty. The parties...and that number can change during the life of the treaty. The parties will not, however, visit each missile to count and calculate the total number... the life of the treaty, but no more than two inspections of any one of the SSGNs. Heavy Bombers Under START, heavy bombers were eliminated

2007 National Small Business Conference: Critical Infrastructure Opportunities

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-05-18

Flooding of Subway Tunnels From IED Bomber Maximize lives saved – provide time to evacuate Recent advances in inflatable structure technology: • Stronger...Polimetry/ Signal Processing technologies (Radar & Sonar) Low Cost Advanced Composite Structures Low Cost Composite Sandwich Structures and...Ubiquitous Chem/Bio Detect 34 High Impact Technology Solutions Resilient Tunnel Prevent Flooding of Subway Tunnels From IED Bomber Maximize lives saved

Measuring the Flight Speed of Fire Bombers from Photos: An In-Class Exercise in Introductory Kinematics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lowe, Greg W.; Ayars, Eric

2010-01-01

In the western half of the United States, fire bombers are not an uncommon sight. During the "fire season," which can extend from June through November, these specially modified aircraft are used to drop fire retardant chemicals or water on wildfires. It can be an entertaining and instructive classroom exercise to use pictures of these…

Bomber Deterrence Missions: Criteria To Evaluate Mission Effectiveness

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-02-16

International Relations from Brigham Young University and a Master of Science degree in Aviation Safety Management from the University of Central...AIR WAR COLLEGE AIR UNIVERSITY BOMBER DETERRENCE MISSIONS: CRITERIA TO EVALUATE MISSION EFFECTIVENESS by Bradley L. Cochran, Col, USAF A...paper are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the US government, the Department of Defense, or Air University

Bomber Deployments: A New Power Projection Strategy

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-08-21

civilian cargo airlift. The second quantitative analysis will assess the B-52 direct aviation support UTCs containing support equipment. B-52 UTCs...troops and cargo back and forth to the theater of operations. Operation IRAQI FREEDOM tested airlift capabilities when multiple services placed their...the quantitative analysis shows, to move all of the support equipment for one bomber squadron can be expensive and tie up valuable cargo aircraft

REMEDIATION OF A MAJOR JET FUEL SPILL BY BIOSLURPER AND NATURAL BIOVENTING TECHNOLOGY ON AN ISLAND AIR BASE

EPA Science Inventory

The Indian Ocean island of Diego Garcia has served as a base for B-52 bombers. In 1991 an underground transfer pipeline fracture was discovered after a spill exceeding 200,000 gallons occurred. The hydrogeology is fresh water at less than ten feet down overlying more dense salt...

Nuclear Weapons: The Reliable Replacement Warhead Program

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-07-20

time to age. The United States introduced generation after generation of new nuclear “delivery vehicles ” — bombers, missile submarines, and land...less constrained in weight because bombers carry heavier loads than missiles. 26 Ballistic missiles carry warheads inside reentry vehicles (RVs). An...RV is a streamlined shell that protects its warhead from the intense heat and other stresses of reentering the atmosphere at high speed. RVs are

Extraction of human gait signatures: an inverse kinematic approach using Groebner basis theory applied to gait cycle analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barki, Anum; Kendricks, Kimberly; Tuttle, Ronald F.; Bunker, David J.; Borel, Christoph C.

2013-05-01

This research highlights the results obtained from applying the method of inverse kinematics, using Groebner basis theory, to the human gait cycle to extract and identify lower extremity gait signatures. The increased threat from suicide bombers and the force protection issues of today have motivated a team at Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) to research pattern recognition in the human gait cycle. The purpose of this research is to identify gait signatures of human subjects and distinguish between subjects carrying a load to those subjects without a load. These signatures were investigated via a model of the lower extremities based on motion capture observations, in particular, foot placement and the joint angles for subjects affected by carrying extra load on the body. The human gait cycle was captured and analyzed using a developed toolkit consisting of an inverse kinematic motion model of the lower extremity and a graphical user interface. Hip, knee, and ankle angles were analyzed to identify gait angle variance and range of motion. Female subjects exhibited the most knee angle variance and produced a proportional correlation between knee flexion and load carriage.

Force Tests of the Boeing XB-47 Full-Scale Empennage in the Ames 40- by 80-Foot Wind Tunnel

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hunton, Lynn W.

1947-01-01

A wind-tunnel investigation of the Boeing XB-47 full-scale empennage was conducted to provide, prior to flight tests, data required on the effectiveness of the elevator and rudder. The XB-47 airplane is a jet-propelled medium bomber having wing and tail surfaces swept back 35 degrees. The investigation included tests of the effectiveness of the elevator with normal straight sides, with a buldged trailing edge, and with a modified hinge-line gap and tests of the effectiveness of the rudder with a normal straight-sided tab and with a bulged tab.

Calculation of the Lateral Stability of a Directly Coupled Tandem-Towed Fighter Airplane and Correlation with Experimental Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shanks, Robert E.

1958-01-01

A theoretical method is presented for predicting the dynamic lateral stability characteristics of an airplane towed in tandem by a much larger airplane. Values of period and time to damp to one-half amplitude and rolling motions calculated by an analog computer have been correlated with results of two experimental investigations conducted in the Langley free-flight tunnel which were part of a U.S. Air Force program (Project FICON) to develop a satisfactory arrangement by which a bomber could tow a parasite fighter. In general, the theoretical results agree with the experimental results.

An analysis of fuel conserving operational procedures and design modifications for bomber/transport aircraft. Volume I. Executive summary. Final report, 7 June 1976-7 July 1978

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aggarwal, R.

1978-07-01

Various proposed improvements in the design and operational procedures for bomber/transport aircraft are evaluated. The evaluation is performed in terms of the estimated savings in fuel consumption and in Direct Operating Cost (DOC). As an aid in the evaluation of design modifications, graphs of fuel and DOC savings as a function of the design parameters are developed. These graphs are based on actual mission trajectory data rather than some type trajectory profile. The actual mission data is presented in terms of histograms which provide statistical information concerning altitude, air speed, take-off weight, landing weights, and mission time. Separate analyses aremore » performed on the following aircraft: the B-52G, the B-52H, the KC-135, the C-141, the C-130, and the C-5A.« less

An analysis of fuel conserving operational procedures and design modifications for bomber/transport aircraft. volume ii. Final report, 7 June 1976-7 July 1978

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aggarwal, R.K.

1978-07-01

Various proposed improvements in the design and operational procedures for bomber/transport aircraft are evaluated. The evaluation is performed in terms of the estimated savings in fuel consumption and in Direct Operating Cost (DOC). As an aid in the evaluation of design modifications, graphs of fuel and DOC savings as a function of the design parameters are developed. These graphs are based on actual mission trajectory data rather than some typical trajectory profile. The actual mission data is presented in terms of histograms which provide statistical information concerning altitude, air speed, take-off weight, landing weight, and mission time. Separate analyses aremore » performed on the following aircraft: the B-52G, the B-52H, the KC-135, the C-141, the C-130, and the C-5A. (Author)« less

Chinese-English Aviation and Space Dictionary

DTIC Science & Technology

1973-04-01

i.e., individual characters with re- duced numbers of strokes. this process is in effect eroding the traditional classification of a character by its...side rod 17 b X1&jt d aolyu- edge effect 18 birajie boundary; border; bound; 19 frontier; ,nd binJie jiaoy’,; .iý K! M narginal checking 20 bianjie...range missile; 23 very-long-range missile chaoynianchegb oghli151 .’ . long-range bomber; global 24 bomber; superbomber chaoyue h mhshu 14

Establishing Operational Access: Insights from the Past for the Future

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-06-01

Combined Bomber Offensive, the Yom Kippur War, and Operation Mole Cricket 19 identifies two tenets that must be incorporated into the next iteration of...Mole Cricket 19 identifies two tenets that must be incorporated into the next iteration of the Joint Operational Access Concept. First, the Joint...They are the Battle of Britain, the Combined Bomber Offensive, the Yom Kippur War, and Operation Mole Cricket 19. These examples were selected

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wilkening, D.A.

This paper discusses the extent to which bomber/cruise missile characteristics and activities can be monitored by national technical means (NTM). Particular attention is paid to those characteristics and activities relevant to arms control. National technical means--which refers to various technical means by which monitoring data can be gathered, usually involving satellite reconnaissance--are not the sole means for monitoring, though they may be the most dependable. This paper discusses the confidence one might have in monitoring bombers and cruise missiles.

The Bombing of Brittany: Solving the Wrong Problem

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-05-21

Record (South Yorkshire : Pen & Sword Books Ltd , 2005), 7. 30 Hastings, 126; Dudley Saward, Bomber Harris: The Story of Sir Arthur Harris, Marshal of the...Frank Cass and Co Ltd , 1995), 14-15. 76 Clout, 167. 77 Davis. Excel spreadsheets of bombing data from 1940-1945. 78 Williamson, 48. 79 Clout, 167...Ken. RAF Bomber Command 1936-1968: An Opertional and Historical Record. South Yorkshire : Pen & Sword Books Ltd , 2005. Dodd, Lindsey and Andrew

An Investigation of the Bomber and Tanker Mating Process in the Single Integrated Operations Plan.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-03-01

REFUELING C LOCATIONS ARE OPTIMIZED TO MAXIMIZE BOKSER ENTRY POINT C FUEL. BOMBER, TANKER, AND FRI DATA ARE INPUTS TO THlE C PROGRAM, AND THE INDIVIDUAL...NOTluI 50 UEAD(3.,E,1ND=I0)PRULAT(I).PRULONCI),PRICAP(I) COTOSO I$ NOPRlmI-1 TASm4 44. C C FOR EACH BOKSER TRACK, ASSIGN THE APPROPRIATE At mIN 0r C

Closing the Guantanamo Detention Center: Legal Issues

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-28

involvement in the failed Christmas Day bomb attack on an airline landing in Detroit, the United States “will not be transferring additional detainees back to...bomber Faisal Shahzad and suspected Detroit airline bomber Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab prior to the reading of their Miranda rights.175 An FBI...Article 43 provision allowing suspension of statute of limitations); United States v. Taylor, 15 C.M.R. 232 (1954) ( Korean conflict was “in time of war

Battlespace Representation for Air, Space, and Cyber

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-07-17

they were cardboard models of targets carried in the bombers to allow bombardiers to see how the target would look with current shadows. See Figure ...1 for an example. Command and control has changed as well as targeting. Figure 2 illustrates a WW II-era command center built in tunnels near...invariants that can be used to shape or guide designs. Figure 1. A cardboard model used by bombers. Command and control has changed as well as

Combat aircraft operations: Training requirements for the German Air Force tactical flying units and the noise problem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jertz, W.

1992-04-01

The deterrence potential of an Air Force, and by that the capability to fulfill their mission in times of war, relies on threat oriented training in peacetime. Low level flying is a major tactical means to help aircrews reduce the anticipated threat imposed to them by enemy air defence systems to an acceptable degree. The demand for this capability applies also to air defence tasks against attacking fighter bombers. Military low level flying requires a high degree of proficiency, which can only be reached and maintained by constant training. A high performance level is then the key to air power. The possibilities for this kind of necessary training are restricted by superior demands concerning, amongst others, flying safety and environmental reasons. Too intensive restrictions might reduce the fighting capability of the wings to such an extent, that mission fulfillment could be seriously endangered.

Air medical evacuations from a developing world conflict zone.

PubMed

Low, Adam; Vadera, Bettina

2011-01-01

Somalia has been without effective government for close to two decades, with more than 1 million people internally displaced. The political unrest persists, with United Nations-backed African Union peacekeeping forces supporting the Transitional National government of Sharif Ahmed, struggling to maintain control of central Mogadishu from Islamist extremist groups, such as the reportedly Al-Qaeda-backed Al-Shabab. The African Union force of 5,000 troops is predominantly of Ugandan and Burundian origin, making up the African Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) effort. However, its mandate is limited to operations only in Mogadishu, and it is unauthorized to actively pursue insurgents. As with other ongoing high-profile conflicts, African Union troops face an enemy that blends into the civilian populace, fighting with a lethal mixture of improvised explosive devices and suicide bombers. Copyright © 2011 Air Medical Journal Associates. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[The Thule case. Mortality and hospitalization after the crash of an American B-52 bomber in 1968].

PubMed

Juel, K

1993-07-26

In 1968, a B-52 bomber carrying nuclear bombs crashed near the Thule US Air-Base in Greenland. By 1986, many cases of disease had been reported among Danish workers employed at the base. A database has been constructed from staff files of workers employed from 1963 to 1971. Of 4,322 workers, 98.7% were identified in 1987. The study group consisted of 1,202 workers employed during the clean up period (from the time of the crash until the last of the contaminated material had been removed). The reference group consisted of 3,120 workers employed outside the clean up period. No differences were found in total mortality, or mortality from cancer, heart disease or accidents between the groups after adjusting for age, marital status and length of employment. Mortality from suicide was lower in the study group. The hospitalization rates for the period 1977-1985 also showed no differences between the two groups. The conclusion of the register surveys is that no harmful effect on health due to the crash can be established by measuring mortality or hospital admissions.

Small UGV platforms for unattended sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smuda, Bill; Gerhart, Grant

2005-10-01

The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have shown the importance of sensor and robotic technology as a force multiplier and a tool for moving soldiers out of harms way. Situations on the ground make soldiers easy targets for snipers and suicide bombers. Sensors and robotics technology reduces risk to soldiers and other personnel at checkpoints, in access areas and on convoy routes. Early user involvement in innovative and aggressive acquisition and development strategies are the key to moving sensor and robotic and associated technology into the hands of the user, the soldier on the ground. This paper discusses activity associated with rapid development of the robotics, sensors and our field experience with robotics in Iraq and Afghanistan.

The Feasibility of Converting the Tanker, Transport, and Bomber (TTB) Track of Specialized Undergraduate Navigator Training (SUNT) to an All-Simulator Course.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-04-01

or will be feasibly capable of adapting students to the physical and psychological stresses of flight, or adequately preparing them to enter combat...8217.ement . in the desion and use ot .imJ1 atar -a are m:r e 1 ikelv to depend or, de,elop- mrer and u ,_e at Leh..’,or o I. [nowl edoe h an or ad,’ar cea ir...vi, ...y -vlue is larQely ga, r ned by Sits h.rdwar e..sof tware design and the qual i tv of in truc t lon. Hence . !i r Force s. imu 1 atar polo ic

Application of advanced speech technology in manned penetration bombers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

North, R.; Lea, W.

1982-03-01

This report documents research on the potential use of speech technology in a manned penetration bomber aircraft (B-52/G and H). The objectives of the project were to analyze the pilot/copilot crewstation tasks over a three-hour-and forty-minute mission and determine the tasks that would benefit the most from conversion to speech recognition/generation, determine the technological feasibility of each of the identified tasks, and prioritize these tasks based on these criteria. Secondary objectives of the program were to enunciate research strategies in the application of speech technologies in airborne environments, and develop guidelines for briefing user commands on the potential of using speech technologies in the cockpit. The results of this study indicated that for the B-52 crewmember, speech recognition would be most beneficial for retrieving chart and procedural data that is contained in the flight manuals. Technological feasibility of these tasks indicated that the checklist and procedural retrieval tasks would be highly feasible for a speech recognition system.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Karp, A.

Belatedly, Western Nations are trying to staunch the flow of technology that has helped create a number of new ballistic missile forces in the Third World. Ballistic missiles already are being used in one Third World conflict. Since the end of February, Iran and Iraq have fired more than 100 short-range, inaccurate missiles at each other's cities, causing thousands of casualties. These events illustrate that ballistic missiles are becoming an ominous reality in the Third World. Indeed, 20 Third World countries, including Israel and Brazil, currently possess ballistic missiles or are striving to develop them. On one level, these missilesmore » - which are propelled by rockets into the upper atmosphere, travel in a ballistic trajectory, and are pulled by gravity to their targets - are for these nations a logical step in building up their military forces. While the missiles vary in range and accuracy, they can reach many targets in regional conflicts. Unlike manned aircraft, the do not require large, vulnerable bases. They are not as easily intercepted as slow bombers. And they are easier to develop because they are less sophisticated than modern cruise missiles such as the U.S. air-launched cruise missiles. In terms of global security, the most worrisome aspect of Third World ballistic missiles is their potential as nuclear weapons delivery systems.« less

Some comparisons of US and USSR aircraft design developments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Spearman, M. L.

1985-01-01

A review is given of the design and development of some US and USSR aircraft. The emphasis is on the historical development of large aircraft-civil and military transports and bombers. Design trends are somewhat similar for the two countries and indications are that some fundamental characteristics are dictated more by ideological differences rather than technological differences. A brief description is given in a more or less chronological order of the major bomber aircraft, major civil and military transport aircraft, and the development of the air transport systems.

Low Yield Nuclear Experiments: Should They Be Permitted Within a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty?

DTIC Science & Technology

1996-10-01

GRAVITY BOMB 83 AF A W87 ICBM REENTRY VEHICLE 86 AF A W88 SLBM REENTRY VEHICLE 89 NAVY C SAFETY FEATURES: A--(ENDS, IHE, FRP) B--(ENDS, IHE) C--(ENDS) o...NUCLEAR WEAPON DELIVERY PLATFORMS (NUCLEAR POSTURE REVIEW) STRATEGIC DELIVERY VEHICLES 20 B-2 BOMBERS USAF 66 B-52 BOMBERS USAF 500/450 MINUTEMAN III...ICBMs USAF 14 TRIBENT SUBMARINES USN W/ 24 D-5 MISSILES EACH TACTICAL DELIVERY VEHICLES DUAL CAPABLE AIRCRAFT USAF/USN SEA-LAUNCH CRUISE MISSILES USN

U.S. Military Deployments to Africa: Lessons from the Hunt for Joseph Kony and the Lord’s Resistance Army

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-08-01

decades has led to a thriving tourism sector. Beyond tourism , the economy is largely based on mining (copper, cobalt, gold, and limestone) and...gathered at sports bars throughout Kampala to watch the final game of the World Cup. During halftime, a suicide bomber destroyed the Ethiopia Village Club

Developing Tools to Counteract and Prevent Suicide Bomber Incidents: A Case Study in Value Sensitive Design.

PubMed

Royakkers, Lambèr; Steen, Marc

2017-08-01

Developers and designers make all sorts of moral decisions throughout an innovation project. In this article, we describe how teams of developers and designers engaged with ethics in the early phases of innovation based on case studies in the SUBCOP project (SUBCOP stands for 'SUicide Bomber COunteraction and Prevention'). For that purpose, Value Sensitive Design (VSD) will be used as a reference. Specifically, we focus on the following two research questions: How can researchers/developers learn about users' perspectives and values during the innovation process? and How can researchers/developers take into account these values, and related design criteria, in their decision-making during the innovation process? Based on a case study of several innovation processes in this project, we conclude the researchers/developers involved are able to do something similar to VSD (without them knowing about VSD or calling it 'VSD'), supported by relatively simple exercises in the project, e.g., meetings with potential end-users and discussions with members of the Ethical Advisory Board of the project. Furthermore, we also found-possibly somewhat counterintuitively-that a commercial, with its focus on understanding and satisfying customers' needs, can promote VSD.

McDonald XP-85 Airplane in 40x80 foot Wind Tunnel.

NASA Image and Video Library

1948-04-08

Front View of McDonald XP-85 Plan Model. Parasite Airplane designed to be carried in the B-36 bombay (never built) At the time it was the smallest Jet powered airplane. The McDonnell XF-85 Goblin was an American prototype fighter aircraft conceived during World War II by McDonnell Aircraft. It was intended to be deployed from the bomb bay of the giant Convair B-36 bomber as a parasite fighter. The XF-85's intended role was to defend bombers from hostile interceptor aircraft, a need demonstrated during World War II

The rationality of suicide bombers: there is a little bit of crazy in all of us.

PubMed

Hardcastle, Valerie Gray

2014-08-01

Despite Lankford's descriptions of escapist suicide victims as being unstable, they were making rational decisions, based on their current knowledge and values. Similarly, those who are allegedly indirectly suicidal are not different from other risk-takers. The psychological differences between those who engage in suicidal attacks and those who do not are less than most of us would prefer.

Range Performance of Bombers Powered by Turbine-Propeller Power Plants

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cline, Charles W.

1950-01-01

Calculations have been made to find range? attainable by bombers of gross weights from l40,000 to 300,000 pounds powered by turbine-propeller power plants. Only conventional configurations were considered and emphasis was placed upon using data for structural and aerodynamic characteristics which are typical of modern military airplanes. An effort was made to limit the various parameters invoked in the airplane configuration to practical values. Therefore, extremely high wing loadings, large amounts of sweepback, and very high aspect ratios have not been considered. Power-plant performance was based upon the performance of a typical turbine-propeller engine equipped with propellers designed to maintain high efficiencies at high-subsonic speeds. Results indicated, in general, that the greatest range, for a given gross weight, is obtained by airplanes of high wing loading, unless the higher cruising speeds associated with the high-wing-loading airplanes require-the use of thinner wing sections. Further results showed the effect of cruising at-high speeds, of operation at very high altitudes, and of carrying large bomb loads.

The Early Operations of the Eighth Air Force and the Origins of the Combined Bomber Offensive, 17 August 1942 to 10 June 1943

DTIC Science & Technology

1946-10-01

r«»lly *d«qu*t« aMl * *ad it •arletd, «• It i»er», ^ht fomal «atry of tit». &**!•&*«& W«J»*r» imto «»• Wg U*ftt* of »tr»t»gio boabardbMnt. Hum, f«r... thesi soat was the intanaity ao4 aoouracy of the flak which, unlike that previously experienced, was thro»u up in a "predicted barrage1* rather then in...49, 53, 69, 1% ?!, 78, 9^-97, 103, 109, 175-76, 182, 237, 239, 308, 316 (a 30) CO, 16, 81 Hq.,97 Till Fightwr Coad., 34, 46-47, 240, 308 Cft

Flight Measurements to Determine Effect of a Spring-Loaded Tab on Longitudinal Stability of an Airplane

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hunter, Paul A.; Reeder, John P.

1946-01-01

In conjunction with a program of research on the general problem of stability of airplanes in the climbing condition, tests have been made of a spring-loaded tb which. is referred to as a ?springy tab,? installed on the elevator of a low-wing scout bomber. The tab was arranged to deflect upward with decrease in speed which caused an increase in the pull force required to trim at low speeds and thereby increased the stick-free static longitudinal stability of the airplane. It was found that the springy tab would increase the stick-free stability in all flight conditions, would reduce the danger of inadvertent stalling because of the definite pull force required to stall the airplane with power on, would reduce the effect of center-of-gravity position on stick-free static stability, and would have little effect on the elevator stick forces in accelerated f11ght. Another advantage of the springy tab is that it might be used to provide almost any desired variation of elevator stick force with speed by adjusting the tab hinge-moment characteristics and the variation of spring moment with tab deflection. Unlike the bungee and the bobweight, the springy tab would provide stick-free static stability without requiring a pull force to hold the stick back while taxying. A device similar to the springy tab may be used on the rudder or ailerons to eliminate undesirable trim-force variations with speed.

Nuclear Weapons: The Reliable Replacement Warhead Program

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-03-09

time to age. The United States introduced generation after generation of new nuclear “delivery vehicles ” — bombers, missile submarines, and land-based...missile’s carrying capacity divided among fewer warheads, each CRS-13 29 Ballistic missiles carry warheads inside reentry vehicles (RVs). An RV is a...streamlined shell that protects its warhead from the intense heat and other stresses of reentering the atmosphere at high speed. RVs are designed to carry a

Nuclear Weapons: The Reliable Replacement Warhead Program

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-06-03

inside reentry vehicles (RVs). An RV is a streamlined shell that protects its warhead from the intense heat and other stresses of reentering the...generation after generation of new nuclear “delivery vehicles ” — bombers, missile submarines, and land-based missiles — each of which would typically...reentry vehicle and the missile’s guidance. The ability to conduct small strikes depends on command and control. There may be various ways to reduce

Time Variation of the Distance Separating Bomb and Dive Bomber Subsequent to Bomb Release

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mathews, Charles W.

1952-01-01

A study has been made of the variation of the distance separating bomb and aircraft with time after release as applied to dive-bombing operations, Separation distances determined from this study are presented in terms of two variables only, dive angle and maximum airplane accelerometer reading; the values of separation distance include the effects of delay in initiation of the pull-out and lag in attainment of the maximum normal acceleration.Contains analysis and calculations of the separation distances between bomb and dive bomber following bomb release, Separation distances as determined by the dive angle and the maximum airplane accelerometer reading are presented in a single chart.

Design project: LONGBOW supersonic interceptor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stoney, Robert; Baker, Matt; Capstaff, Joseph G.; Dishman, Robert; Fick, Gregory; Frick, Stephen N.; Kelly, Mark

1993-01-01

A recent white paper entitled 'From the Sea' has spotlighted the need for Naval Aviation to provide overland support to joint operations. The base for this support, the Aircraft Carrier (CVN), will frequently be unable to operate within close range of the battleground because of littoral land-based air and subsurface threats. A high speed, long range, carrier capable aircraft would allow the CVN to provide timely support to distant battleground operations. Such an aircraft, operating as a Deck-Launched Interceptor (DLI), would also be an excellent counter to Next Generation Russian Naval Aviation (NGRNA) threats consisting of supersonic bombers, such as the Backfire, equipped with the next generation of high-speed, long-range missiles. Additionally, it would serve as an excellent high speed Reconnaissance airplane, capable of providing Battle Force commanders with timely, accurate pre-mission targeting information and post-mission Bomb Damage Assessment (BDA). Recent advances in computational hypersonic airflow modeling has produced a method of defining aircraft shapes that fit a conical shock flow model to maximize the efficiency of the vehicle. This 'Waverider' concept provides one means of achieving long ranges at high speeds. A Request for Proposal (RFP) was issued by Professor Conrad Newberry that contained design requirements for an aircraft to accomplish the above stated missions, utilizing Waverider technology.

Military simulation - Pushing the visual technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boyle, D.

1984-02-01

A full mission flight simulator has been developed for the U.S. Air Force's B-52 bomber crews which requires more computational capacity than is used aboard the Space Shuttle, employing a total of 14 computers capable of over 5 million operations/sec. The system encompasses a flight deck, in which the pilots train, an offensive station simulator, which is operated by the navigator and weaponry officer, and a defensive station simulator, operated by the electronic warfare (EW) officer and communications officer. Instructors control the computer-generated images simulating the external environment from three consoles corresponding to the three simulator units. In each simulated mission, the crews release bombs and air-launched cruise missiles, and fire short range attack missiles and the B-52 tail guns. The threats simulated include hostile aircraft, surface-to-air missiles, and antiaircraft artillery, together with EW activity.

Program Budgeting within the Department of the Navy

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-06-01

incremental increases in bidgets . When a popular call goes out for a 600 ship navy, a strategic defense initiative, or a B-2 bomber, this is the time...Previously defense budgets had been formulated by j focusing on the existing base and adding incremental improvements to it. The whole question of how much a...the aggregate budgets appeared to change in smooth increments , they found great variations in the budgets of the agencies which make up the DOA. They

Bombing the European Axis Powers. A Historical Digest of the Combined Bomber Offensive 1939-1945

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-04-01

the new theme, 4 which he based on his experience in the Mediter- ranean. 5 He emphasized that although “ the role of protecting the bombardment... hours before the bombing would save lives . Early Monday morning, 5 June, Eisenhower, despite marginal weather conditions, made his fateful decision to...carrying over 20 percent firebombs. 595 NEW PERSPECTIVES AND ENDURING REALITIES PartVI Conclusion 5 /31/06 2:25 PM Page 595 9 .

An analysis of the effects of aeroelasticity on static longitudinal stability and control of a swept-wing airplane

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Skoog, Richard B

1957-01-01

A theoretical analysis has been made of the effects of aeroelasticity on the static longitudinal stability and elevator angle required for balance of an airplane. The analysis is based on the familiar stability equation expressing the contribution of wing and tail to longitudinal stability. Effects of wing, tail, and fuselage flexibility are considered. Calculated effects are shown for a swept-wing bomber of relatively high flexibility.

Memphis Belle and Crew Visit the Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory

NASA Image and Video Library

1943-07-21

Captain Robert Morgan and the rest of the Memphis Belle crew arrive in Cleveland on a rainy July 7, 1943, for three-day publicity visit. This B–17 Flying Fortress had recently become the first U.S. bomber to complete 25 missions over Germany and France. The lack of long distance escort fighters made the feat even more remarkable. The Memphis Belle and its crew returned to the United States in June and were immediately thrown into a three-month-long war bond tour. While in Cleveland the crew toured the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory, the Cleveland Bomber Plant, and Thompson Products. In the evenings they were feted downtown by the Chamber of Commerce at the Hotel Cleveland. A local company brought Morgan’s family and his fiancé—the Memphis Belle’s inspiration—to Cleveland to participate in the activities. The bomber was on display to the public near the airport’s fenceline and stored in the NACA’s hangar overnight. Pictured in this photograph from left to right: Robert Hanson, Vincent Evans, Charles Leighton, NACA Manager Raymond Sharp, Robert Morgan, William Holliday of the Chamber of Commerce, Army Liaison Officer Colonel Edwin Page, Airport Commissioner Jack Berry, Cecil Scott, John Quinlan and James Verinis. Kneeling are Harold Loch, Casimer Nastal and Charles Wichell.

Balik Terrorism: The Return of the Abu Sayyaf

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-09-01

Hudaibiyah," to work with the ASG. The JI operative, Rohmat (aka Zaki), had been a JI trainer at Camp Hudaibiyah in Camp Abu Bakar in 2000, and then in...brothers traveled to Camp Abu Bakar in August 1999 to meet with MILF leaders; and in December 2001, Santos underwent military and explosives training...More Davao Bombers Nabbed in Davao Norte," Sun-Star, November 19, 2004. 68. Camp Hudaibiyah was the portion of the MILF base, Camp Abu Bakar es

CTC Sentinel. Volume 3, Issue 8, August 2010. Evaluating the Al-Qaida Threat to the U.S. Homeland

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-08-01

February and March 2010 as the suspects allegedly sought to obtain quantities of chemicals suitable for making peroxide-based high explosives, also...used by the 7/7 London bombers as well as by previously intercepted terrorist cells in Denmark and Germany. The amount of chemicals was far smaller...dangerous chemicals with harmless substances.11 9 “Norge var terrormålet,” Aftenposten, July 10, 2010; ”Eksplosivene ble ikke oppbevart hos siktede

Time histories of horizontal-tail loads, elevator loads, and deformations on a jet-powered bomber airplane during abrupt pitching maneuvers at approximately 20,000 feet

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wiener, Bernard; Harris, Agnes E

1950-01-01

Time histories are presented of horizontal-tail loads, elevator loads, and deformations on a jet-powered bomber during abrupt pitching maneuvers at a pressure altitude of approximately 20,000 feet. The normal and pitching accelerations measured varied from -0.90b to 3.41g and from -0.73 to 0.80 radian per second per second (sic), respectively, with a Mach number variation of from 0.40 to o.75. The maximum horizontal-tail load measured was 17,250 pounds down. The maximum elevator load was 1900 pounds up. The stabilizer twisted a maximum of 0.76 degrees leading edge down at the tip. The greatest fuselage deflection at the tail was about 1.7 inches down.

US and USSR Military Aircraft and Missile Aerodynamics 1970-1980. A selected, annotated bibliography, volume 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tuttle, M. H.; Maddalon, D. V.

1981-01-01

The purpose of this selected bibliography (281 citations) is to list available, unclassified, unlimited publications which provide aerodynamic data on major aircraft and missiles currently used by the military forces of the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Technical disciplines surveyed include aerodynamic performance, static and dynamic stability, stall-spin, flutter, buffet, inlets nozzles, flap performance, and flying qualities. Concentration is on specific aircraft including fighters, bombers, helicopters, missiles, and some work on transports, which are or could be used for military purposes. The bibliography is limited to material published from 1970 to 1980. The publications herein illustrate many of the types of aerodynamic data obtained in the course of aircraft development programs and may therefore provide some guidance in identifying problems to be expected in the conduct of such work. As such, this information may be useful in planning future research programs.

The effects of aircraft (B-52) overflights on ancient structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Battis, J. C.

1994-03-01

To simulate combat missions for the American bomber force, the Air Combat Command conducts low altitude training flights along routes throughout the U.S.A. This paper presents the results of an effort to evaluate the effect of these overflights on the many archaeologically significant structures located beneath the training routes. This study has shown that: (1) low overflights can induce measurable vibrations in these ancient structures; (2) the overflight induced motions do not constitute an appreciable threat to the sites; and (3) the observed levels of motion are no greater than those induced by sources in the natural environment. Although these findings are specific to overflights by B-52s, comparison of the low frequency acoustic signature of the B-52 and that of the B-1B overflights should not pose a significantly greater threat to the structures than B-52 overflights.

Deploying the ODIS robot in Iraq and Afghanistan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smuda, Bill; Schoenherr, Edward; Andrusz, Henry; Gerhart, Grant

2005-05-01

The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have shown the importance of robotic technology as a force multiplier and a tool for moving soldiers out of harms way. Situations on the ground make soldiers performing checkpoint operations easy targets for snipers and suicide bombers. Robotics technology reduces risk to soldiers and other personnel at checkpoints. Early user involvement in innovative and aggressive development and acquisition strategies are the key to moving robotic and associated technology into the hands of the user. This paper updates activity associated with rapid development of the Omni-Directional Inspection System (ODIS) robot for under vehicle inspection and reports on our field experience with robotics in Iraq and Afghanistan. In February of 2004, two TARDEC Engineers departed for a mission to Iraq and Afghanistan with ten ODIS Robots. Six robots were deployed in the Green Zone in Baghdad. Two Robots were deployed at Kandahar Army Airfield and two were deployed at Bagram Army Airfield in Afghanistan. The TARDEC Engineers who performed this mission trained the soldiers and provided initial on site support. They also trained Exponent employees assigned to the Rapid Equipping Force in ODIS repair. We will discuss our initial deployment, lessons learned and future plans.

REDUCTIONS WITHOUT REGRET: DEFINING THE NEEDED CAPABILITIES

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Swegle, J.; Tincher, D.

This is the second of three papers (in addition to an introductory summary) aimed at providing a framework for evaluating future reductions or modifications of the U.S. nuclear force, first by considering previous instances in which nuclear-force capabilities were eliminated; second by looking forward into at least the foreseeable future at the features of global and regional deterrence (recognizing that new weapon systems currently projected will have expected lifetimes stretching beyond our ability to predict the future); and third by providing examples of past or possible undesirable outcomes in the shaping of the future nuclear force, as well as somemore » closing thoughts for the future. This paper begins with a discussion of the current nuclear force and the plans and procurement programs for the modernization of that force. Current weapon systems and warheads were conceived and built decades ago, and procurement programs have begun for the modernization or replacement of major elements of the nuclear force: the heavy bomber, the air-launched cruise missile, the ICBMs, and the ballistic-missile submarines. In addition, the Nuclear Weapons Council has approved a new framework for nuclear-warhead life extension not fully fleshed out yet that aims to reduce the current number of nuclear explosives from seven to five, the so-called 3+2 vision. This vision includes three interoperable warheads for both ICBMs and SLBMs (thus eliminating one backup weapon) and two warheads for aircraft delivery (one gravity bomb and one cruise-missile, eliminating a second backup gravity bomb). This paper also includes a discussion of the current and near-term nuclear-deterrence mission, both global and regional, and offers some observations on future of the strategic deterrence mission and the challenges of regional and extended nuclear deterrence.« less

Consolidated B-24M Liberator Equipped for Icing Research

NASA Image and Video Library

1946-07-21

A Consolidated B-25M Liberator modified for icing research by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory. NACA Lewis performed a limited amount of icing research during World War II, but the program expanded significantly in 1946. The accumulation of ice on aircraft was a continual problem. The ice formations could result in extra weight, aerodynamic penalties, and blockage engine inlets. Although the Lewis icing researchers utilized numerous aircraft, the program’s two workhorses were the B-24M Liberator, seen here, and a North American XB-25E Mitchell. The Consolidated Aircraft Company created the four-engine bomber in the early 1940s. During World War II the bomber was employed on long-duration bombing missions in both Europe and the Pacific. Production of the B-24M version did not begin until October 1944 with the end of the war in Europe approaching. This resulted in scores of unneeded bombers when hostilities ended. This B-24M arrived at the NACA Lewis laboratory in November 1945. At Lewis the B-24M was repeatedly modified to study ice accretion on aircraft components. Researchers analyzed different anti-icing and deicing strategies and gathered statistical ice measurement data. The B-24M was also used to study ice buildup on jet engines. A General Electric I-16 engine was installed in the aircraft’s waist compartment with an air scoop on the top of the aircraft to duct air to the engine. Water spray nozzles inside the aircraft were employed to simulate icing conditions at the turbojet’s inlet.

Very low cost stand-off suicide bomber detection system using human gait analysis to screen potential bomb carrying individuals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Greneker, Gene, III

2005-05-01

Individuals who carry bombs on their bodies and detonate those bombs in public places are a security problem. There is belief that suicide bombings currently used in the mid-east may spread to the United States if the organized terrorist groups operating in the United States are not identified and the cell members arrested. While bombs in vehicles are the primary method currently used to spread terror in Iraq, U. S. warfighters are starting to face suicide bombers. This may become more of the situation if a stand-off detection capability is developed for the vehicle bomb case. This paper presents a concept, that if developed and commercialized, could provide an inexpensive suicide bomber screening system that could be used to screen individuals approaching a checkpoint while the individual is still 500 to 1,000 feet from the checkpoint. The proposed system measures both the radar cross-section of the individual and the radar derived gait characteristics that are associated with individuals carrying a bomb on their body. GTRI researchers propose to use human gait characteristics, as detected by radar, to determine if a human subject who is carrying no visible load on the body is actually carrying a concealed load under their clothes. The use of radar gait as a metric for the detection (as opposed to a video system) of a suicide bomber is being proposed because detection of gait characteristics are thought to be less sensitive to where the bomb is located on the body, lighting conditions, and the fact that the legs may be shrouded in a robe. The detection of a bomb using radar gait analysis may also prove to be less sensitive to changing tactics regarding where the bomb is placed on the body. An inert suicide bomb vest was constructed using water pipes to simulate the explosive devices. Wiring was added to simulated detonators. The vest weighs approximately 35 pounds. Radar data was taken on the volunteer subject wearing the vest that simulated the suicide bomb. This paper discusses the findings after the data was analyzed. A Provisional Patent has been filed by Georgia Tech Research Corporation on the subject matter that is discussed in this paper.

Air Vice-Marshal Wilfrid Oulton

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Steele, Philip

1998-09-01

Air Vice-Marshal Wilfrid Oulton, who died on 31 October 1997, aged 86, was one of that select group of distinguished Royal Air Force pilots who became equally distinguished navigators. Much of his early Service experience in World War II was spent in Coastal Command, where his natural flying ability combined with his acquired navigator's knowledge and skill led to exceptional operational achievements.In 1943, German submarines were taking a devastating toll of Allied shipping in the North Atlantic and Wilf Oulton was flying long-range patrols over the Bay of Biscay. In May of that year, commanding a Halifax bomber which had been converted for maritime operations, he attacked with depth charges and sank two U-boats and shared in the destruction of a third. For these outstanding successes, which helped mark the Battle of the Atlantic turning in our favour, he was awarded the DSO.Later, and completely different, with the cessation of hostilities, Oulton was jointly responsible for the introduction of the first Air Traffic Control system at Heathrow. And, different again, his ability to inspire confidence and co-operate extremely well with others led to the most challenging peace-time appointment as Joint Task Force Commander of 'Operation Grapple', which supported the British hydrogen bomb tests at Christmas Island in the Pacific Ocean.

X-ray lasers: Strategic problems and potential as an in-orbit exoatmospheric ballistic missile defense system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Perusich, Karl Anthony

1986-12-01

The problems and potential of a single proposed ballistic missile defense system, the X-ray laser-armed satellite, are examined in this research. Specifically, the X-ray laser satellite system is examined to determine its impact on the issues of cost-effectiveness and crisis stability. To examime the cost-effectiveness and the crisis stability of the X-ray laser satellites, a simulation of a nuclear exchange was constructed. The X-ray laser satellites were assumed to be vulnerable to attack from energy satellites with limited satellite-to-satellite lethal ranges. Symmetric weapons and force postures were used. Five principal weapon classes were used in the model: ICMBs, SLBMs, X-ray laser satellites, bombers, and endo-atmospheric silo defenses. Also, the orbital dynamics of the ballistic missiles and satellites were simulated. The cost-effectiveness of the X-ray laser satellites was determined for two different operational capabilities, damage-limitation and assured destruction. The following conclusions were reached. The effects of deployment of a new weapon system on the Triad as a whole should be examined. The X-ray laser was found to have little effectiveness as a damage-limiting weapon for a defender. For an assured destruction capability, X-ray laser satellites could be part of a minimum-cost force mix with that capability.

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency: Strategic Plan

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-05-01

technologies to detect, prevent, or mitigate asymmetric attacks, including suicide bombers, improvised explosive devices, and weapons of mass destruction...the Army’s Command Post of the Future (CPOF) to amplify the capabilities of overworked combat command and control staffs. Working with CPOF, PAL

Realistic Bomber Training Initiative. Environmental Impact Statement. Volume 1

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-01-01

spreading, atmospheric absorption, and lateral attenuation. Spherical spreading is, in essence , the reduction in noise due to the spreading of sound...Sanders Jasmine 008301 626 Saunders Gordon 008205/8253 581/601 Schiller Arthur 008226 590 Schinlund Gus 008096 531 Scudday Jim 008132 549 Sforza Tony

Finding Balance for Dual-Role Bombers

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-06-01

requirements. Has the pendulum swung too far in favor of conventional operations over meeting the requirements of nuclear deterrence? The report on...responsible for certain subsets of the overall mission, while the unit as a whole is able to meet the demands of the OPLAN task. The drawback becomes

X-38 on B-52 Wing Pylon - View from Observation Window

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-11-19

A unique, close-up view of the X-38 under the wing of NASA's B-52 mothership prior to launch of the lifting-body research vehicle. The photo was taken from the observation window of the B-52 bomber as it banked in flight.

Canada in Afghanistan: 2001-2010. A Military Chronology

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-12-01

allies provided air support around Panjwai – fighters, bombers, attack helicopters, unmanned drones and even spy planes.240 • Objective Rugbythe White...accessed at http://www.nationalpost.com/news/story.html?id=1138920 on 22 February 2010; Armstrong, Jane; Bill Curry ; Graeme Smith, “Soldier’s

Stealth Aircraft Technology. (Latest Citations from the Aerospace Database)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1995-01-01

The bibliography contains citations concerning design, manufacture, and history of aircraft incorporating stealth technology. Citations focus on construction materials, testing, aircraft performance, and technology assessment. Fighter aircraft, bombers, missiles, and helicopters represent coverage. (Contains 50-250 citations and includes a subject term index and title list.)

History Microcomputer Games: Update 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sargent, James E.

1985-01-01

Provides full narrative reviews of B-1 Nuclear Bomber (Avalon, 1982); American History Adventure (Social Science Microcomputer Review Software, 1985); Government Simulations (Prentice-Hall, 1985); and The Great War, FDR and the New Deal, and Hitler's War, all from New Worlds Software, 1985. Lists additional information on five other history and…

Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization Annual Report 2010

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

Surveillance System: $119.0M -Handheld Ground Penetrating Radar (Minehound): $23.6M* - Goldie : $19.5M* - Counter Bomber: $7.2M - Beachcomber: $21.7M...ground penetrating radar enabling dismounted patrols to find IEDs with low- or no-metallic signature. Goldie . The Goldie system is a lightweight

Regional Spillover Effects of the Iraq War

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-12-01

buildings in many cases have been looted, vandalized , or rendered uninhabitable.73 AL-QAEDA AND OTHER TERRORIST ACTIVITIES INSIDE IRAQ The actual and... Teens Trained to be bombers,” Bahrain Tribune, May 27, 2008, internet. 90. Rowan Scarborough, “U.S. Military’s Restraint Not al- Qaeda’s War Code

NOVA: Spring 2003 Teacher's Guide. Battle of the X-Planes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

WGBH Educational Foundation, Boston, MA.

This teacher's guide contains supplemental activities to go along with the NOVA television program on PBS. Activities include: (1) "Last Flight of Bomber 31"; (2) "Ancient Creature of the Deep"; (3) "Battle of the X-Planes"; (4) "Mountain of Ice"; (5) "Lost Treasures of Tibet"; and (6)…

Indoctrination v. Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hocutt, Max

2005-01-01

When a multiculturalist in one of today's politicized departments imposes his relative nihilism on students--and will tolerate no questioning of that orthodoxy--he is acting on the same self-interested urge for conformity that impels your average suicide bomber. Balance does not come into play. Max Hocutt treats the impulse toward political…

Program Manager: Journal of the Defense Systems Management College. Volume 23, Number 1, January-February 1994

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-02-01

Jones, Jr. PROGRAM MANAGER Managing Editor Esther M. Farria Art Director Greg Caruth Typography and Design Paula Croisetlere Program Manager (ISSN 0199...Company bombers to implement the strategic organization - President Clayton 1. Brukner commu- bombing doctrine. This would take all brand -new cre

JPRS Report, Soviet Union, Aviation & Cosmonautics, No. 4, April 1988

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-09-30

questions in the Red Banner Guards Long-Range Bomber Air Regiment com- manded by Guards Lieutenant Colonel V. Yakunov . Seeing the Main Link During...authoritative people who know how to get things done. Included among them are officers V. Baranov, V. Yev- stigneyev, V. Sadovnikov, V. Yakunov and

Revolutions in Russian Military Thought: Implications for U.S.-Russian Defense Cooperation

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-06-18

moral parameters [objectives] and physical parameters [means) of the opposing sides. Lenin also introduced the dialectical method of analysis into...Air Command and Saqff Collge Delegatin Viits Gagasin Air principle to conduct bomber Academy (May 92) and fighter unit visits, 0 Rmantai Tne-s Fly to

CTC Sentinel. Volume 3, Issue 3, March 2010

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

of the Soul” audio lecture, for example, al-`Awlaqi discussed the period of waiting (al-Ihtidhar) between death and the afterlife . In the eight...trainees are told that a suicide bomber wins paradise for giving up his life for Allah, and enters the afterlife the moment the explosives detonate

77 FR 30238 - Living History Flight Experience (LHFE)-Exemptions for Passenger Carrying Operations Conducted...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-22

... significant, American- manufactured large, crew-served, piston-powered, multi-engine, World War II bomber... public safety (e.g., older and slower multi-engine which airplanes allow time for appropriate corrective... air show that was piloted by two highly qualified and well-trained flight crewmembers clearly...

SPF/DB titanium concepts for structural efficiency foi HC

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilson, V. E.

1982-01-01

Illustrations for a presentation on superplastic forming/diffusion bonding titanium design concepts are presented. Sandwich skin panels with hat section, semicircular corrugation, sine wave, and truss cores are shown. The fabrication of wing panels is illustrated, and applications to the design of advanced variable sweep bombers summarized.

Winds over Japan.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plumley, William J.

1994-01-01

Before World War II, weather forecasters had little knowledge of upper-air wind patterns above 20000 feet. Data were seldom avai able at these heights, and the need was not great because commercial aircraft seldom flew at these altitudes. The war in the Pacific changed all that. Wind forecasts for 30000 feet plus became urgent to support the XXI Bomber Command in its bombing mission over Japan.The U.S. Army Air Force Pacific Ocean Area (AAFPOA) placed a Weather Central in the Marianas Islands in 1944 (Saipan in 1944 and Guam in 1945) to provide forecasting support for this mission. A forecasting procedure was put into operation that combined the elements known as "single-station forecasting" and an advanced procedure that used "altirmeter corrections" to analyze upper-airdata and make prognoses. Upper-air charts were drawn for constant pressure surfaces rather than constant height surfaces. The constant pressure surfaces were tied together by means of the atmospheric temperature field represented by specific temperature anomalies between pressure surfaces. Wind forecasts over the Marianas-Japan route made use of space cross sections that provided the data to forecast winds at each 5000-ft level to 35000 ft along the mission flight path. The new procedures allowed the forecaster to construct internally consistent meteorological charts in three dimensions in regions of sparse data.Army air force pilots and their crews from the Marianas were among the first to experience the extreme wind conditions now known as the "jet stream". Air force forecasters demonstrated that, with experience, such winds could reasonably be forecast under difficult operational conditions.

Free-Spinning Tunnel Tests of a 1/24-Scale Model of the Grumman XTB3F-1 Airplane, TED No. NACA DE304

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Berman, Theodore

1947-01-01

In accordance with a request of the Bureau of Aeronautics, Navy Department, tests were performed in the Langley 20-foot free-spinning tunnel to determine the spin and recovery characteristics of a 1/24 scale model of the Grumman XTB3F-1 airplane. The airplane is a two-place, midwing torpedo bomber equipped with a tractor propeller and an auxiliary jet engine. The effect of control setting and movement on the erect and inverted spin and recovery characteristics of the model were determined for the normal loading. Brief tests with mass extended slightly along the fuselage were also made, however, in order to determine the effect of such a mass variation on elevator effectiveness. Tests were performed to determine the size of emergency spin-recovery tail and wing-tip parachutes required for satisfactory recovery by parachute action alone. The investigation also included emergency pilot-escape tests and tests to determine the rudder pedal and elevator stick forces necessary to move the rudder and elevator for recovery.

Conventional Prompt Global Strike and Long-Range Ballistic Missiles: Background and Issues

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-02-24

13 The FALCON Study...range strike capabilities. These include bombers, cruise missiles, ballistic missiles, and boost-glide technologies that would mate a rocket booster...Command, Hearing, April 4, 2005. 23 Grossman, Elaine M., “U.S. General: Precise Long-Range Missiles may Enable Big Nuclear Cuts,” Inside the Pentagon

Reflections on Jokes and Cartoons about Suicide

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lester, David

2012-01-01

This article is intended to engage others in a dialogue about the role and meaning of jokes about suicide. Types of jokes involving suicide are examined to distinguish the different types of humor involved. A sample of 118 recent political cartoons in an online website was downloaded, of which 73 concerned suicide bombers. Examples of suicide…

Killing a Peacock: A Case Study of the Targeted Killing of Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-03-24

with banana leaves.8 The whole scenario seemed surreal, however, one of the victims stood out in particular to Hamasuna. Where the searchers found...passed directly overhead the bomber. Barber recalls seeing chunks of the empennage peel off and the plane lurch downward as he passed within feet of

Précis of the myth of martyrdom: what really drives suicide bombers, rampage shooters, and other self-destructive killers.

PubMed

Lankford, Adam

2014-08-01

For years, scholars have claimed that suicide terrorists are not suicidal, but rather psychologically normal individuals inspired to sacrifice their lives for an ideological cause, due to a range of social and situational factors. I agree that suicide terrorists are shaped by their contexts, as we all are. However, I argue that these scholars went too far. In The Myth of Martyrdom: What Really Drives Suicide Bombers, Rampage Shooters, and Other Self-Destructive Killers, I take the opposing view, based on my in-depth analyses of suicide attackers from Asia, Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and North America; attackers who were male, female, young, old, Islamic, and Christian; attackers who carried out the most deadly and the least deadly strikes. I present evidence that in terms of their behavior and psychology, suicide terrorists are much like others who commit conventional suicides, murder-suicides, or unconventional suicides where mental health problems, personal crises, coercion, fear of an approaching enemy, or hidden self-destructive urges play a major role. I also identify critical differences between suicide terrorists and those who have genuinely sacrificed their lives for a greater good. By better understanding suicide terrorists, experts in the behavioral and brain sciences may be able to pioneer exciting new breakthroughs in security countermeasures and suicide prevention. And even more ambitiously, by examining these profound extremes of the human condition, perhaps we can more accurately grasp the power of the human survival instinct among those who are actually psychologically healthy.

Veiled Bombshells: Women’s Participation in Islamist Extremist Organizations

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-06-01

notion appears contradictory given the historical participation of women within liberation movements, uprisings, and terrorism . Faced with what...SUBJECT TERMS terrorism , counter- terrorism , extremism, suicide bomber, martyrdom, violent extremist organizations, VEO, Islamist, Islamist...However, this overarching notion appears contradictory given the historical participation of women within liberation movements, uprisings, and terrorism

Determining Pilot Manning for Bomber Longevity

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-01

Denny Benson for the MAJCOM analyst guidance and support which he offered and I gladly accepted. Dr. J.O. Miller – thank you sir for teaching me this...December 2002. [14] Kelton, W. David, Randall P Sadowski, and David T Surrock. Simulation with Arena, (4th edition). New York: McGraw-Hill, 2007. 64 [15

76 FR 16239 - Moratorium on New Exemptions for Passenger Carrying Operations Conducted for Compensation and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-23

... for compensation or hire on Living History Flight Experiences (LHFE). It explains the history of these... (WWII) bomber carrying passengers for the purpose of preserving U.S. military aviation history. In... certification under Sec. 21.27 makes this avenue impractical for operators providing living history flights...

The Future of Drone Strikes: A Framework for Analyzing Policy Options

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-01

Christmas Day” bomber, Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, attempted to detonate a bomb hidden in his underwear during a flight to the U.S. in 2009. The...2013/08/the-case-against-drone-strikes-on-people- who-only-act-like-terrorists/278744/. 87 [30] Jack Goldsmith, “ Fire When Ready,” Foreign Policy

Persuasion Detection in Conversation

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

From the Combating Terrorism Center at West Point, n.d...martyrdom contract provided by the Combating Terrorism Center at West Point (www.ctc.usma.edu). 13 Figure 1. Suicide Bomber Contract (From the...Combating Terrorism Center at West Point, n.d.) The translation of the document is as follows: In the Name of God the Most Compassionate and Merciful

Suicide Bombing as Strategy and Interaction: The Case of the Second Intifada

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brym, Robert J.; Araj, Bader

2006-01-01

Social scientists have explained the rise of suicide bombing since the early 1980s by focusing on the characteristics of suicide bombers, the cultural matrix in which they operate, and the strategic calculations they make to maximize their gains. The authors offer an alternative approach that emphasizes the interaction between Palestinian suicide…

Introducing Rotational Motion with EXIF Data

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson, James

2011-01-01

In their article "Measuring the Flight Speed of Fire Bombers from Photos: An In-Class Exercise in Introductory Kinematics," Greg W. Lowe and Eric Ayars remind us that photographs have always had physics hidden in them if you look hard enough. Since digital photos are embedded with EXIF data, vastly more physics can be explored with them. EXIF…

Conventional Prompt Global Strike and Long-Range Ballistic Missiles: Background and Issues

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-05-05

13 The FALCON Study...bombers, cruise missiles, ballistic missiles, and boost-glide technologies that would mate a rocket booster with a hypersonic glide vehicle. Congress has...Strategic Command, Hearing, April 4, 2005. 23 Grossman, Elaine M., “U.S. General: Precise Long-Range Missiles may Enable Big Nuclear Cuts,” Inside the

Unmanned Bomber: The Effects It Will Bring to the Nuclear Triad

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-06-01

New York, NY: Avery Trade, 2011), 41. 16 Boeing, History of B-2 Spirit , http://www.boeing.com/boeing/history/boeing/ b2 .page retrieved on January...factsheets/start1 retrieved on February 23, 2014 Boeing, History of B-2 Spirit , http://www.boeing.com/boeing/history/boeing/ b2 .page retrieved on

From Kamikaze to Jihadist: What Are Its Causes?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Msellemu, Sengulo Albert

2016-01-01

From Kamikaze to Suicide Bomber, to Islamist, to Jihadist and others all are known by deferent names but the use of suicide bombing as the prime tactical weapon in pursuing their political goals is crucial. Since 1983 when the first suicide attack took place until today the number of suicide attacks has been increasing annually. Planning is very…

Chechen Female Suicide Terrorism

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-06-01

acts perpetrated in Chechnya since 1995 consisted of hostage taking and suicide bombings carried out by the Martyrs Brigade (Riyadus Salikhin)2 while...Mia M. Bloom, “Palestinian Suicide Bombing : Public Support, Market Share, and Outbidding,” Political Science Quarterly 119, no. 1 (2004): 61. 30...38 Mohammed M. Hafez, Manufacturing Human Bombs : The Making of Palestinian Suicide Bombers (Washington, DC

Part of the British Mainstream? British Muslim Students and Islamic Student Associations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Song, Miri

2012-01-01

In recent years, fear of "the other" has focused particularly on "home grown" second-generation Muslims. In the aftermath of the 7 July 2005 bombings in London, there was particular horror and incredulity expressed about the fact that many of the bombers had been born and raised in Britain, and universities have been…

A resolution expressing the sense of the Senate that the Government of Libya should apologize for the welcome home ceremony held to celebrate the release of convicted Lockerbie bomber Abdel Baset al-Megrahi.

THOMAS, 111th Congress

Sen. Schumer, Charles E. [D-NY

2009-09-08

Senate - 09/23/2009 Resolution agreed to in Senate without amendment by Unanimous Consent. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status Agreed to in SenateHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

A NASTRAN Model of a Large Flexible Swing-Wing Bomber. Volume 1: NASTRAN Model Plane

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mock, W. D.

1982-01-01

A review was conducted of B-1 aircraft no. 2 (A/C-2) internal loads models to determine the minimum model complexity necessary to fulfill all of the airloads research study objectives. Typical model sizings were tabulated at selected vehicle locations, and scale layouts were prepared of the NASTRAN structural analysis model.

The Shaped Charge Concept. Part 3. Applications of Shaped Charges

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-10-01

discus.A in Part 2. The MISTEL ( mistletoe ) concept used a fighter aircraft mounted piggyback on the top of a large bomber aircraft The unmanned...Tech. Pub. 2158, p.12. March 1947. Coles, R., and P. L Rickson. ’ Mistletoe - The Deadly Parasite," Air Classics Ouarterly Re’ew. Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 38

The Lack of Women s Rights in Regions that Harbor Al Qaeda: How the Marginalization of Women May Impact Terrorist Production

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-12

Although women are sometimes recruited as suicide bombers, in general they seldom support terrorism. Cross-national studies show that the higher...to reduce the girl’s sexual desires, so as to reduce the temptation to seek sexual experience inappropriately prior to marriage. Some also add that...

"We Are Not Terrorists," but More Likely Transnationals: Reframing Understandings about Immigrants in Light of the Boston Marathon Bombings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kasun, G. Sue

2013-01-01

The Boston Marathon bombings in April 2013 created a new kind of discomfort in the United States about "self-radicalized" terrorists, particularly related to Muslim immigrants. The two suspected bombers, brothers with Chechen backgrounds, had attended U.S. public schools. News media portrayed the brothers as "immigrants" and…

Lockheed F-94B Starfire at the NASA Lewis Research Center

NASA Image and Video Library

1959-12-21

A Lockheed F-94B Starfire on the hangar apron at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Lewis Research Center in Cleveland, Ohio. The Air Force contracted Lockheed in November 1948 to create the new F-94s fighters. The first test flight occurred only months later in April 1949. This quick turnaround was due to the fact that the F-94 was based largely on the TF-80 fighter and constructed with parts from the P-80, including its two General Electric I-40 turbojet engines. The F-94Bs entered the Korean War in late 1951, but were initially prevented from flying over enemy territory due to fear that their fire control system would be copied by the enemy if an F-94B went down. The Starfire went on to perform scores of missions escorting B-29 and B-26 bombers deep into enemy territory and acting as interceptors against enemy fighters. In mid-1954 the F-94s were retired from active military service. Lewis acquired the F-94B Starfire in April 1956. At the time, the aircraft industry was preparing for the first use of jet engines for commercial aviation. The amount of noise generated by the engines was a major obstacle. Lewis undertook an extensive program to understand the causes of the noise and develop methods for reducing it. This program included the study of aerodynamic sound at high speed and altitude using the F-94B.

The Need for Non-Lethal Weapons in Major Combat Operations

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-04-23

and sent out a shock wave similar to a sonic boom that in theory could have downed a B-17 bomber. Its effects 4 were disabling, rather than...malodorants and toxic incapacitating agents) Mechanical technologies (including nets and barriers) Acoustic technologies (such as infra - and...oxide AUDIBLE INFRASONIC ULTRASONIC BARRIERS Caltrops Tire spikes and strips ENTANGLEMENTS Portable vehicle arresting barrier Running

Inferring cognition from action: does martyrdom imply its motive?

PubMed

Weiss, David J; Weiss, Jie

2014-08-01

Drawing inferences about the decision utilities of suicide terrorists from their final action is tempting, but hazardous. Direct elicitation of those utilities would be more informative, but is infeasible. Substituting examination of archival materials for elicitation makes the assumption that leaders and bombers have similar utilities. Insight regarding the beliefs of terrorist leaders might be available from observations of recruitment strategies.

C. Gordon Fullerton

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1989-01-01

C. Gordon Fullerton is a research pilot at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California. His assignments include a variety of flight research and support activities piloting NASA's B-52 launch aircraft, the 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft (SCA), and other multi-engine and high performance aircraft. Fullerton, who has logged 382 hours in space flight, was a NASA astronaut from September 1969 until November 1986 when he joined the Flight Crew Branch at Dryden. In July 1988, he completed a 30-year career with the U.S. Air Force and retired as a colonel. As the project pilot on the NASA B-52 launch aircraft, Fullerton flew during the first six air launches of the commercially developed Pegasus space vehicle. He was involved in a series of development air launches of the X-38 Crew Recovery Vehicle and in the Pegasus launch of the X-43A Hyper-X advanced propulsion project. Fullerton also flies Dryden's DC-8 Airborne Science aircraft, regularly deployed worldwide to support a variety of research studies, including atmospheric physics, ground mapping and meteorology. In addition to these current activities, Fullerton has been involved in numerous other research programs at Dryden. He was the project pilot on the Propulsion Controlled Aircraft program, during which he successfully landed both a modified F-15 and an MD-11 transport with all control surfaces neutralized, using only engine thrust modulation for control. Assigned to evaluate the flying qualities of the Russian Tu-144 supersonic transport during two flights in 1998, he reached a speed of Mach 2 and became one of only two non-Russian pilots to fly that aircraft. He piloted a Convair 990 modified to test space shuttle landing gear components during many very high-speed landings. Other projects for which he has flown in the past include the C-140 JetStar Laminar Flow Control; F-111 Mission Adaptive Wing; F-14 Variable Sweep Flow Transition; Space Shuttle drag chute and F-111 crew module parachute tests with the B-52; X-29 vortex flow control; and the F-18 Systems Research Aircraft. With more than15,000 hours of flying time, Fullerton has piloted 135 different types of aircraft, including full qualification in the T-33, T-34, T-37, T-38, T-39, F-86, F-101, F-104, F-106, F-111, F-14, F-15, X-29, KC-135, C-140, B-47, and he currently flies the F/A-18, B-52, DC-8, B-747, and T-34C. Born Oct. 11, 1936, in Rochester, N. Y., Fullerton graduated from U.S. Grant High School, Portland, Ore. He earned bachelor of science and master of science degrees in mechanical engineering from the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, in 1957 and l958, respectively. Fullerton entered the U. S. Air Force in July 1958 after working as a mechanical design engineer for Hughes Aircraft Co., Culver City, California. After flight school, he was trained as an F-86 interceptor pilot, and later became a B-47 bomber pilot at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, Tucson, Ariz. In 1964 he was selected to attend the Air Force Aerospace Research Pilot School (now the Air Force Test Pilot School), Edwards Air Force Base, Calif. Upon graduation he was assigned as a test pilot with the Bomber Operations Division at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio. Fullerton served as a flight crew member for the Air Force Manned Orbiting Laboratory program from 1966 through1969. After assignment to the NASA Johnson Space Center, as an astronaut Fullerton served on the support crews for the Apollo 14, 15, 16, and 17 lunar missions. In 1977, Fullerton was assigned to one of the two two-man flight crews that piloted the Space Shuttle prototype Enterprise during the Approach and Landing Test Program at Dryden. Fullerton was the pilot on the eight-day STS-3 Space Shuttle orbital flight test mission Mar. 22-30, 1982. The mission exposed the orbiter Columbia to extremes in thermal stress and tested the 50-foot Remote Manipulator System used to grapple and maneuver payloads in orbit. STS-3 landed at White Sands, N.M., because Rogers Dry Lake at Edwards was wet due to heavy seasonal rains. Fullerton was commander of the STS-51F Spacelab 2 mission, launched on July 29, 1985. This mission, with the orbiter Challenger, was the first pallet-only Spacelab mission and the first to operate the Spacelab Instrument Pointing System (IPS). It carried 13 major experiments in the fields of astronomy, solar physics, ionospheric science, life science, and materiel science (a super fluid helium experiment). The mission ended August 6, 1985, with a landing at Dryden. Among the special awards and honors Fullerton has received are the Iven C. Kincheloe Award from the Society of Experimental Test Pilots in 1978; Department of Defense Distinguished Service and Superior Service Medals; Air Force Distinguished Flying Cross; NASA Distinguished and Exceptional Service Medals; NASA Space Flight Medals in 1983 and 1985; General Thomas D. White Space Trophy; Haley Space Flight Award from the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics; American Astronautical Society Flight Achievement Awards for 1977, 1981, and 1985; the Certificate of Achievement Award from the Soaring Society of America; and the Ray E. Tenhoff Award from the Society of Experimental Test Pilots in 1992 and 1993. Fullerton was inducted into the International Space Hall of Fame in 1982. He is a Fellow of the Society of Experimental Test Pilots; member of Tau Beta Pi, an engineering honorary fraternity; honorary member of the National World War II Glider Pilot Association; and a Fellow of the American Astronautical Society.

Air concentrations of /sup 239/Pu and /sup 240/Pu and potential radiation doses to persons living near Pu-contaminated areas in Palomares, Spain

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Iranzo, E.; Salvador, S.; Iranzo, C.E.

1987-04-01

On 17 January 1966, an accident during a refueling operation resulted in the destruction of an air force KC-135 tanker and a B-52 bomber carrying four thermonuclear weapons. Two weapons, whose parachutes opened, were found intact. The others experienced non-nuclear explosion with some burning and release of the fissile fuel at impact. Joint efforts by the United States and Spain resulted in remedial action and a long-term program to monitor the effectiveness of the cleanup. Air concentrations of /sup 239/Pu and /sup 240/Pu have been continuously monitored since the accident. The average annual air concentration for each location was usedmore » to estimate committed dose equivalents for individuals living and working around the air sampling stations. The average annual /sup 239/Pu and /sup 240/Pu air concentrations during the 15-y period corresponding to 1966-1980 and the potential committed dose equivalents for various tissues due to the inhalation of the /sup 239/Pu and /sup 240/Pu average annual air concentration during this period are shown and discussed in the report.« less

Multifunctional Information Distribution System (MIDS)

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-01

Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to...Estimate DoD - Department of Defense DSN - Defense Switched Network Econ - Economic Eng - Engineering Est - Estimating FMS - Foreign Military Sales FY...fighter aircraft, bombers, helicopters, ships, and ground sites . The MIDS Program consists of the MIDS Low Volume Terminal (MIDS-LVT) and the MIDS

Using a Counterfactual Process to Identify the Applicability of Emerging Technology

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-01

conditions that must exist for the antecedent to happen.129 Crafting a 126 Michael W. Morris and...opportunities of interrupting the sequence of events. For example, if the bombers were identified on Monday then the events that unfold on Tuesday ...www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/10006491/Boston- marathon-bombings-Dzhokhar-Tsarnaev-pictured-behind-eight-year-old- victim.html Morris , Michael

Study Abroad in a Time of Terror; U.S. Student Experiences in Brussels

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gleye, Paul

2017-01-01

On the morning of March 22, 2016, two men pushed luggage trolleys containing suitcases laden with nail bombs into the departure hall of the Brussels airport and detonated them. About an hour later, a third suicide bomber detonated a nail bomb in a subway train at the Maelbeek metro station near central Brussels. These attacks claimed the lives of…

Suicide Bombers: Profiles, Methods and Techniques

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-01-01

in the makeup of suicide terrorists is “just a myth” and that religious convictions, political sentiments, and social conditions are of secondary...most terrorists are young and that their actions and psychological makeup vary according to social and cultural conditions.22 Professor Ian Ross...of the University of Baltimore provides an alternate view and believes that profiling is possible by combining social factors and psychological

A Profile of Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

virgins of paradise. Even senior Muntada al-Ansar administrators contributed eulogies in honor of Rahman, such as the notorious Saif al-Islam al...large segments of the population. Gujarat has contributed further to Muslim alienation within India.17 One of India’s premier security...commemorate a national holiday in central Baghdad were targeted by a suicide bomber, leaving nine people dead. – Reuters, January 6 January 7

Casualties in civilians and coalition soldiers from suicide bombings in Iraq, 2003-10: a descriptive study.

PubMed

Hicks, Madelyn Hsiao-Rei; Dardagan, Hamit; Bagnall, Peter M; Spagat, Michael; Sloboda, John A

2011-09-03

Suicide bombs in Iraq are a major public health problem. We aimed to describe documented casualties from suicide bombs in Iraq during 2003-10 in Iraqi civilians and coalition soldiers. In this descriptive study, we analysed and compared suicide bomb casualties in Iraq that were documented in two datasets covering March 20, 2003, to Dec 31, 2010--one reporting coalition-soldier deaths from suicide bombs, the other reporting deaths and injuries of Iraqi civilians from armed violence. We analysed deaths and injuries over time, by bomb subtype and victim demographics. In 2003-10, 1003 documented suicide bomb events caused 19% (42,928 of 225,789) of all Iraqi civilian casualties in our dataset, 26% (30,644 of 117,165) of injured civilians, and 11% (12,284 of 108,624) of civilian deaths. The injured-to-killed ratio for civilians was 2·5 people injured to one person killed from suicide bombs. Suicide bombers on foot caused 43% (5314 of 12,284) of documented suicide bomb deaths. Suicide bombers who used cars caused 40% (12,224 of 30,644) of civilian injuries. Of 3963 demographically identifiable suicide bomb fatalities, 2981 (75%) were men, 428 (11%) were women, and 554 (14%) were children. Children made up a higher proportion of demographically identifiable deaths from suicide bombings than from general armed violence (9%, 3669 of 40,276 deaths; p<0·0001). The injured-to-killed ratio for all suicide bombings was slightly higher for women than it was for men (p=0·02), but the ratio for children was lower than it was for both women (p<0·0001) and men (p=0·0002). 200 coalition soldiers were killed in 79 suicide bomb events during 2003-10. More Iraqi civilians per lethal event were killed than were coalition soldiers (12 vs 3; p=0·004). Suicide bombers in Iraq kill significantly more Iraqi civilians than coalition soldiers. Among civilians, children are more likely to die than adults when injured by suicide bombs. None. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Ground-water supplies of the Ypsilanti area, Michigan

USGS Publications Warehouse

McGuinness, Charles L.; Poindexter, O.F.; Otton, E.G.

1949-01-01

As of the date of this report (August 1945), the major water users in the Ypsilanti area are: (1) the city of Ypsilanti, (2) the Willow Run bomber plant, built by the Federal Government and operated by the Ford Motor Co., and (3) the war housing project of the Federal Public Housing Authority, designated in this report the Willow Run Townsite. The city, bomber plant, and townsite have required large quantities of water for domestic and industrial uses, and the necessary water supplies have been developed from wells. The Federal Works Agency had the responsibility of deciding whether the existing water facilities were adequate to meet the expected demands and determining the character of any additional public water-supply facilities that might be constructed with Federal assistance. In order to appraise the ground-water resources of the area the Federal Works Agency requested the Geological Survey to investigate the adequacy of the existing supplies and the availability of additional water. The present report is the result of the investigation, which was made in cooperation with the Michigan Geological Survey Division.The water supplies of the three major users are obtained from wells penetrating glacial and associated sands and gravels. Supplies for the city of Ypsilanti and the Willow Run bomber plant are obtained from wells in the valley of the Huron River; the supply for the Willow Run Townsite is obtained from wells penetrating glacial gravels underlying the upland northeast of the valley. The bedrock formations of the area either yield little water to wells or yield water that is too highly mineralized for most uses.The water supply for the bomber plant is obtained from three closely spaced, highly productive wells at the northern edge of the Huron River, a little more than 3 miles southeast of Ypsilanti. The water receives complete treatment in a modern treatment plant. River water also can be treated and has been used occasionally in the winter and spring. The average daily pumpage during periods of maximum production at the bomber plant has been 4.5 to 4.75 million gallons. On June 30, 1945, production of bombers was suspended, and the plant went on a. maintenance basis.The water supply of the bomber-plant well field is replenished by recharge from precipitation and from the Huron River. The evidence shows that recharge from the river is one of the principal sources of water and gives assurance both of the adequacy of the present supply and of the availability of additional water if needed. The safe yield of the three existing wells is estimated to be not less than 6 million gallons per day.The Ypsilanti public water supply is obtained from three tubular wells drilled in 1943, which replaced a number of suction-pumped tubular wells and one large dug well. All the wells penetrate sand and gravel in the bend of the Huron River in the southeastern part of Ypsilanti. The water is treated in a modern treatment plant completed in 1939. The average daily pumpage in million gallons was about 1.68 in 1942, 1.70 in 1943, and 1.66 in 1944. Considerable water was furnished to the Willow Run bomber plant from the Ypsilanti public-supply system during the period from August 1941 through March 1943.The available information indicates that the water pumped from the Ypsilanti well field is replenished by ground-water flow from adjacent stretches of the Huron Valley and from the upland areas outside the valley, from precipitation on the valley in the vicinity of the well field, and possibly from the Huron River. It is believed that sufficient water can be obtained from the well field to meet the expected demand for a considerable time. The safe yield of the present wells is estimated to be not less than 3 million gallons per day, and detailed pumping tests might show that still larger supplies could be safely developed.The water supply of the Willow Run Townsite is obtained from four wells in two well fields about 2 miles apart, one well in the northwest or Prospect and Geddes Road field, and three wells in the southeast or Wiard Road field. The pumpage was originally expected to be 2 to 3 million gallons per day, but it averaged only about 450,000 gallons per day from March 1943 through June 1945.The evidence afforded by logs of wells and by pumping tests indicates that the water-bearing gravels at the townsite are covered by relatively impermeable materials and thus that the rate of recharge is low. However, only relatively small declines in water level have occurred during more than 2 years' operation of the wells, indicating that recharge may occur nearby. The safe yield of the present wells is estimated to be 1.0 to 1.5 million gallons per day, and detailed pumping tests might show it to be somewhat greater. The water supply of the Willow Run Townsite has the smallest potential capacity of the three major ground-water supplies in the area; however, the demand has been relatively small, and no difficulty should arise unless this demand increases greatly. The investigation involved the drilling of 13 test wells to locate additional ground-water supplies, on the assumption that the wartime demand for water in the Ypsilanti area might increase beyond the capacity of the present sources. All 13 wells were drilled at sites selected by the Geological Survey. Two wells on the Willow Run Townsite were drilled by the Federal Public Housing Authority and 11 at other sites by the Federal Works Agency. Records of the wells are given in the report and discussed with respect to the availability of water at the different sites; similarly, the results of the controlled pumping tests made on four of the test wells drilled by the Federal Works Agency are analyzed and discussed with respect to the availability of additional water. The combined results of the test drilling and the pumping tests show that emergency supplies of several million gallons per day can be developed at the sites of the test wells. The best site shown by the test drilling is on the south bank of the Huron River opposite the bomber-plant well field, where a Well with a capacity of several thousand gallons per minute could be constructed if necessary. Three wells in the outwash-filled valley now occupied by Fleming Creek, on two of which pumping tests were made, show that emergency supplies ranging from a few hundred thousand to a million gallons per day could be developed at these test-well sites if necessary. Smaller Supplies ranging from a gallon or two per minute to perhaps 100,000 or 200,000 gallons per day could be developed at the sites of the remaining test Wells.Pumping tests made on the supply wells of the three major water users by the consulting-engineering firms who designed the systems are analyzed and discussed briefly by the authors.The report includes maps and graphs showing the surficial geology of the area, the location of wells, and fluctuations of water level in selected wells. Alsp included are tables giving data on water levels and pumpage, chemical analyses of representative ground waters, and records of wells.

Iroquois Engine for the Avro Arrow in the Propulsion Systems Laboratory

NASA Image and Video Library

1957-08-21

A researcher examines the Orenda Iroquois PS.13 turbojet in a Propulsion Systems Laboratory test chamber at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory. The Iroquois was being developed to power the CF-105 Arrow fighter designed by the Avro Canada Company. Avro began design work on the Arrow jet fighter in 1952. The company’s Orenda branch suggested building a titanium-based PS.13 Iroquois engine after development problems arose with the British engines that Avro had originally intended to use. The 10-stage, 20,000-pound-thrust Iroquois would prove to be more powerful than any contemporary US or British turbojet. It was also significantly lighter and more fuel efficient. An Iroquois was sent to Cleveland in April 1957 so that Lewis researchers could study the engine’s basic performance for the air force in the Propulsion Systems Laboratory. The tests were run over a wide range of speeds and altitudes with variations in exhaust-nozzle area. Initial studies determined the Iroquois’s windmilling and ignition characteristics at high altitude. After operating for 64 minutes, the engine was reignited at altitudes up to the 63,000-foot limit of the facility. Various modifications were attempted to reduce the occurrence of stall but did not totally eradicate the problem. The Arrow jet fighter made its initial flight in March 1958 powered by a substitute engine. In February 1959, however, both the engine and the aircraft programs were cancelled. The world’s superpowers had quickly transitioned from bombers to ballistic missiles which rendered the Avro Arrow prematurely obsolete.

Mass medical repatriation of injured civilians after terrorist attack in Mombassa, Kenya: medical needs, resources used, and lessons learned.

PubMed

Marmor, Meir; Goldstein, Liav; Levi, Yeheskel; Onn, Erez; Blumenfeld, Amir; Kosashvili, Yona; Levy, Gad; Hirschorn, Gil; Heldenberg, Eitan; Or, Jacob; Setton, Eric; Goldberg, Avishay; Bar-Dayan, Yaron

2005-01-01

On 28 November 2002, three suicide bombers crashed their car into a hotel in Mombassa, Kenya; 12 people were killed, including three Israelis, and 80 were wounded (22 of whom were Israeli). The Israeli Defense Force Airborne Medical Evacuation Flight Teams participated in a repatriation mission to bring the wounded home. The objectives of this study are to outline the distinctive aspects of this mission, as well as to share the experiences and lessons learned. Israeli Army debriefing reports were used to study the composition of the crew, medical equipment taken, injury distribution, mode of operation, and mission schedule. A total of six fixed-wing aircraft were used--two Boeing 707s and four Hercules C-130s--with a total of 54 medical team members on board. A total of 260 Israelis were repatriated, 22 of whom were wounded, and three were dead. Of the casualties, 14 were conveyed sitting, and eight supine. The time from the first landing in Kenya to the evacuation of the last supine patient was 5.5 hours. Nurses, as well as social workers, played a central role in the mission. A forward team, including five doctors, was used for the initial organization and for gathering information on the medical status of the casualties. There was redundancy in the medical crew and medical equipment sent. The need for improved infrastructure on the medical aircraft was stressed. Based on this experience, a new mode for operation for similar missions in the future was formulated.

A STUDY OF EXTRACTIVE AND REMOTE-SENSING SAMPLING AND MEASUREMENT OF EMISSIONS FROM MILITARY AIRCRAFT ENGINES

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cheng, Mengdawn; Corporan, E.

2010-01-01

Aircraft emissions contribute to the increased atmospheric burden of particulate matter (e.g., black carbon and secondary organic compounds) that plays a role in air quality, contrail formation and climate change. Sampling and measurement of modern aircraft emissions at the engine exhaust plane (EEP) for to engine and fuel certification remains a daunting task, no agency-certified method is available for the task. In this paper we summarize the results of a recent study that was devoted to investigate both extractive and optical remote-sensing (ORS) technologies in sampling and measurement of gaseous and particulate matter (PM) emitted by a number of militarymore » aircraft engines operated with JP-8 and a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) fuel at various engine conditions. These engines include cargo, bomber, and helicopter types of military aircraft that consumes 70-80% of the military aviation fuel each year. The emission indices of selected pollutants are discussed as these data may be of interest for atmospheric modeling and for design of air quality control strategies around the airports and military bases. It was found that non-volatile particles in the engine emissions were all in the ultrafine range. The mean diameter of particles increased as the engine power increased; the mode diameters were in the 20nm range for the low power condition of a new helicopter engine to 80nm for the high power condition of a newly maintained bomber engine. Elemental analysis indicated little metals were present on particles in the exhaust, while most of the materials on the exhaust particles were based on carbon and sulfate. Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, formaldehyde, ethylene, acetylene, propylene, and alkanes were detected using both technologies. The last five species (in the air toxics category) were most noticeable only under the low engine power. The emission indices calculated based on the ORS data were however observed to differ significantly (up to 90%) from (typically lower than) those based on the extractive techniques. However, the ORS techniques were useful in providing non-intrusive real-time measurements of gaseous species in the exhaust plume, which warrants further development. The results obtained in this program validate sampling methodology and measurement techniques used for non-volatile PM aircraft emissions as described in the SAE AIR-6037.« less

Technical Challenges of the U.S. Army’s Ground Combat Vehicle Program

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-11-01

for mine protection and a distinctive armored extension on the top, called the doghouse. Those features optimize it for counterinsurgency operations...vehicles. Less complex approaches have also evolved, such as mines designed to attack the weaker bottoms of vehicles or improvised explosive devices...Improvised Explosive Devices, Suicide Bombers, Unexploded Ordnance, and Mines ,” section I-G-10, “Countermeasures.” See also Clay Wilson, Improvised

Paradigm Change: Targeting Enemy Leadership in a Complex Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-06-10

hunt Pablo Escobar, Centra Spike needed patience and supporting networks to uncover the puzzle of the Medellin Cartel. Although US and British... Medellin Cartel; who calls the shots? Eventually, Escobar stood out, but he was not the first target. Jose Rodriquez Gacha’s outspoken attitude...Alzate, the hired suicide bomber, flipped the switch and 110 passengers were dead. The Medellin Cartel missed their target, but the intent was loud and

Temperature of aircraft cargo flame exposure during accidents involving fuel spills

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mansfield, J. A.

1993-01-01

This report describes an evaluation of flame exposure temperatures of weapons contained in alert (parked) bombers due to accidents that involve aircraft fuel fires. The evaluation includes two types of accident: collisions into an alert aircraft by an aircraft that is on landing or take-off; and engine start accidents. Both the B-1B and B-52 alert aircraft are included in the evaluation.

Temperature of aircraft cargo flame exposure during accidents involving fuel spills

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mansfield, J.A.

1993-01-01

This report describes an evaluation of flame exposure temperatures of weapons contained in alert (parked) bombers due to accidents that involve aircraft fuel fires. The evaluation includes two types of accident, collisions into an alert aircraft by an aircraft that is on landing or take-off, and engine start accidents. Both the B-1B and B-52 alert aircraft are included in the evaluation.

The design of a tactical situation display

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kuperman, Gilbert G.; Wilson, Denise L.

The design and demonstration of a dynamic tactical situation display applicable to an advanced conceptual bomber crew system is discussed. The display is the primary source of mission pacing and situational awareness information in the Strategic Avionics Battle-Management Evaluation and Research (SABER) simulator. Aspects of the display design are described, including primary data items, horizontal situation display, point of interest indication, terrain data, graphics overlay, text window, and presentation modes.

European Scientific Notes, Volume 38, Number 9.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-09-01

dropped automa- tically from the mailing list. RSN Invites Letters to the Editor ESN publishes selected letters related to developments and policy in... selective sunmmary can be extract- examine trait anxiety or state-trait ed from the Idzikowski-Baddeley litera- interactions. ture review; it appears in... mutism , and stupor are not seen in fliers as they are in ground soldiers. Reid 1945 WW II - Navigation Errors increased over enemy bomber errors coast

The Increasing Capabilities of the Soviet Navy

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-09-01

production -run of 72 Skorys (not including some built for export) and 28 Kotlins ) and to large numbers of smaller ships such as frigates, corvettes...bombers. Incomplete Kotlin destroyers were converted for surface-to-surface missiles, the Kildin class being the first in the world with this capability...anti-surface missiles, and a helicopter carried, and the larger Kara cruiser was heavily armed for ASW. Kanin and Kotlin rlestroyers were convected

Marine Biotoxins: Laboratory Culture and Molecular Structure

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-10-18

associated with the human fish intoxication known as ciguatera , ciguatoxin and umitotoxin. and with palytoxin. Each of the three toxins presents a different...B. Current Status 1. Ciguatoxin The PI reviewed the status of ciguatera research at the Mycotoxins and Phycotoxins Symposium "n August, 1988 in...CITED BOMBER. J.W.. RUBIO. G.G. and NORRIS. D.R. (1989) Epiphytism of dinoflagellates associated with the disease ciguatera : substrate specificity and

Assessing the Biological Threat Posed by Suicide Bombers

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-02-01

These were sterilized with a bleach solution, rinsed with distilled water, and allowed to air dry . The swabs consisted of small wipes with a calibrated...gel to shield organisms from the heat and pressure of the HE blast, our results show particles too small to see with the naked eye had placed viable...ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AIDS APS ARL-SLAD Autoimmune Deficiency Syndrome Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Army Research Laboratory-Survivability

Defending Our Satellites: The Need for Electronic Warfare Education and Training

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-01

intercept Allied bombers attacking at night.9 As a result of the electronic warfare advantage that systems like Window and Airborne Cigar be- stowed...74 | Air & Space Power Journal Defending Our Satellites The Need for Electronic Warfare Education and Training Lt Col E. Lincoln Bonner, USAF...expanding education and training in the use of electronic warfare to defend US satellites and improve their survivability. The following discussion

Defense Inventory: Further Analysis and Enhanced Metrics Could Improve Service Supply and Depot Operations

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-01

of and replace. DOD maintains weapon systems (e.g., aircraft and ships) and equipment (e.g., generators and radars) that require regular and...including helicopters, combat vehicles, air defense systems, ships, fighter and bomber aircraft , intercontinental ballistic missiles, jet aircraft ...Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics. 19In the depot maintenance context, an end item can be a weapon system, such as an aircraft , ship

A Comparison of Flight-test Results on a Scout-Bomber Airplane with 4.7 deg and with 10 deg Dihedral in the Wing Outer Panels

DTIC Science & Technology

1947-08-01

Calibrated airspeed as used herein is the remling that would.be .. given ly a standsrd Army-Navy airppeed meter ~ou”cted to,a pitot -. .4 static system...Anon.: Specification for Stabillty and Control Characteristics of Airpl=es.SR-l19A, Bur. Aero., April 7, 1$?45. _~--- 4. Pearson, Henry A., and Jones

Village Stability Operations and the Afghan Local Police

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-10-01

government increased the centralization of police recruitment and training. To eliminate the temptations to abuse power arising from deployment in...Defense Initia- tive to the ALP. In June 2010, a Taliban suicide bomber blew himself up at a wedding in Kandahar province attended by numerous...involving ground assaults and suicide bombings aimed at ALP commanders. Some of the strikes claimed the lives of their targets and other ALP

Unmanned Systems in Perspective

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-05-22

sized warhead designed for precision engagement of small targets.56 Medea Benjamin of Code Pink calls it a “robotic suicide bomber . . . an unmanned...Other writers decry a coming age of “ suicide drones,” evidently unaware of the irony of the phrase.125 Admiral Dennis Blair, former US Director of... temptation to meddle, but instant responsiveness, in most cases, is an illusion. The exception to the myth of the “instant kill” further strengthens

Securing the U.S. Transportation Command

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-03-11

sink as many of the cargo ships as possible [2]. As the battle raged in the Atlantic Ocean, Allied bombers were destroying German access to oil ...refineries and synthetic fuel factories. By 1944, the Germans did not have enough fuel for aircraft to protect the oil facilities that remained or for...electrical engineering, all from the University of Michigan. Kajal T. Claypool is currently the assistant leader for the Informatics and Decision

Community Value Above Individualism: A Common Cultural Element in Modern Suicide Bombers

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-04-01

Japanese kamikaze raids. The Japanese conducted over 3,000 aerial suicide attacks in an organized manner during World War II with varying degrees of...definition. The kamikaze missions show that suicide missions do not require justification by religious means alone. Japanese culture morally justifies suicide...when facing an impossible situation. Most Japanese are followers of the Buddhist and Shinto religions, which teach the Confucian values of dutiful

Suicide Bombers in CONUS

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-05-07

example, the 1972 attack at Tel Aviv’s Lod airport by three Japanese Red Army members (24 dead, 78 wounded) would not qualify as suicide terrorism, since...such actions as the massive Japanese kamikaze (divine wind) campaign near the end of World War II. To put the kamikaze effort in perspective, in...casualties as were suffered during the Pearl Harbor and 9/11 attacks combined. However, the Japanese tactic of using suicidal attackers was regarded

The Problem with Precision: Managing Expectations for Air Power

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-03-01

contributed to inflated expectations about discrimination in warfare. The World War II strategic bombing campaign was portrayed in film footage of...skies dotted with bombers, escorts, free-falling bombs from open bomb bay doors, and impressive explosions on the ground below; what the films did not...Committee on Public Information in order to influence America’s public opinion on the World War.88 The organization used films , newspapers, radio

B-29 Superfortress Engine in the Altitude Wind Tunnel

NASA Image and Video Library

1944-07-21

The resolution of the Boeing B-29 Superfortress’ engine cooling problems was one of the Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory’s (AERL) key contributions to the World War II effort. The B-29 leapfrogged previous bombers in size, speed, and altitude capabilities. The B–29 was intended to soar above anti-aircraft fire and make pinpoint bomb drops onto strategic targets. Four Wright Aeronautical R-3350 engines powered the massive aircraft. The engines, however, frequently strained and overheated due to payload overloading. This resulted in a growing number of engine fires that often resulted in crashes. The military asked the NACA to tackle the overheating issue. Full-scale engine tests on a R–3350 engine in the Prop House demonstrated that a NACA-designed impeller increased the fuel injection system’s flow rate. Single-cylinder studies resolved a valve failure problem by a slight extension of the cylinder head, and researchers in the Engine Research Building combated uneven heating with a new fuel injection system. Investigations during the summer of 1944 in the Altitude Wind Tunnel, which could simulate flight conditions at high altitudes, led to reduction of drag and improved air flow by reshaping the cowling inlet and outlet. The NACA modifications were then flight tested on a B-29 bomber that was brought to the AERL.

X-2 on ramp with B-50 mothership and support crew

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1956-01-01

Air Force test pilot Capt. Iven Kincheloe stands in front of the Bell X-2 (46-674) on the ramp at Edwards Air Force Base, California. Behind the X-2 are ground support personnel, the B-50 launch aircraft and crew, chase planes, and support vehicles. Kincheloe had flown nearly 100 combat missions in Korea in an F-86 and was credited with shooting down 10 enemy aircraft. He then graduated from the Empire Test Pilot's School in Great Britain in December 1954, whereupon he was assigned to Edwards Air Force Base. He made four powered flights in the X-2. On September 7, 1956, he reached an altitude of 126,200 feet. After the death of Capt. Mel Apt and the loss of the X-2 #1 on September 27, 1956, in the first Mach 3 flight, Kincheloe was assigned as the Air Force project pilot for the X-15. Before he had a chance to fly that rocket-powered aircraft, Kincheloe himself lost his life on July 26, 1958, in an F-104 accident. The X-2 was a swept-wing, rocket-powered aircraft designed to fly faster than Mach 3 (three times the speed of sound). It was built for the U.S. Air Force by the Bell Aircraft Company, Buffalo, New York. The X-2 was flown to investigate the problems of aerodynamic heating as well as stability and control effectiveness at high altitudes and high speeds (in excess of Mach 3). Bell aircraft built two X-2 aircraft. These were constructed of K-monel (a copper and nickel alloy) for the fuselage and stainless steel for the swept wings and control surfaces. The aircraft had ejectable nose capsules instead of ejection seats because the development of ejection seats had not reached maturity at the time the X-2 was conceived. The X-2 ejection canopy was successfully tested using a German V-2 rocket. The X-2 used a skid-type landing gear to make room for more fuel. The airplane was air launched from a modified Boeing B-50 Superfortress Bomber. X-2 Number 1 made its first unpowered glide flight on Aug. 5, 1954, and made a total of 17 (4 glide and 13 powered) flights before it was lost Sept. 27, 1956. The pilot on Flight 17, Capt. Milburn Apt, had flown the aircraft to a record speed of Mach 3.2 (2,094 mph), thus becoming the first person to exceed Mach 3. During that last flight, inertial coupling occurred and the pilot was killed. The aircraft suffered little damage in the crash, resulting in proposals (never implemented) from the Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory, Hampton, Virginia, to rebuild it for use in a hypersonic (Mach 5+) test program. In 1953, X-2 Number 2 was lost in an in-flight explosion while at the Bell Aircraft Company during captive flight trials and was jettisoned into Lake Ontario. The Air Force had previously flown the aircraft on three glide flights at Edwards Air Force Base, California, in 1952. Although the NACA's High-Speed Flight Station, Edwards, California, (predecessor of NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center) never actually flew the X-2 aircraft, the NACA did support the program primarily through Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory wind-tunnel tests and Wallops Island, Virginia, rocket-model tests. The NACA High-Speed Flight Station also provided stability and control recording instrumentation and simulator support for the Air Force flights. In the latter regard, the NACA worked with the Air Force in using a special computer to extrapolate and predict aircraft behavior from flight data.

The Manned Penetrating Bomber: Time to Reconsider

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-01

choice: spend billions on nuclear weapons we no longer need or fund programs that educate our children and help find cures to deadly diseases. The...security of our nation’s future will be ensured by investing in education not nuclear annihilation…We need to stop pouring billions into the nuclear...event.61 Unfortunately, the president’s reaction to the launch received negative reviews from the general public. On a comical side note, the whole

Critical Design Parameters for Pylon-Aided Gaseous Fuel Injection Upstream of a Flameholding Cavity

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-03-01

Spencer Bowen and Neil Rogers was critical to not only the successful completion of this research but my sanity as well. The care, support, and motivation...missile presents a relatively inexpensive alternative that while complex is much more feasible to achieve in the near term. The hypersonic bomber and...scramjet engine operates supersonically throughout. Though aerodynamically complex the scramjet engine is relatively simple, consisting of an inlet

Human Factors Report on Information Management Requirements for Next- Generation Manned Bombers

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-12-01

34 James , W. G. (1984). Al applications to military pilot decision aiding -- A perspective • transition. In Third Aerospace Behavioral Engineering Techno.ogy...8217- - . . . Basden , A. (1983). On the application of expert systems. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 19, 461-477. Ben-Bassat, M. and Freedy, A...augmentation system design by defining, developing, and applying appropriate design techniques for a variety of airborne platforms. James , W. G

Airpower’s Master Tenant and Anti-Access/Area Denial: Hope Is Not a Course of Action

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-02-13

elements can no longer provide direction to subordinates. Geographic Range of Effects. Some platforms, such as bombers, RPAs and tankers, and effects...reducing a system’s dependence from its underlying material requirements. 56 Foster identifies the central A2/AD challenge is “maintaining sensor...Clustering is bringing diverse, synergistic resources and talent together. 60 Fischer identified composite units and distributed intelligence as enablers

An Assessment of Media Coverage of the B-2 Stealth Bomber

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

15 Sharon M. Friedman, Carole M. Gorney, and Brenda P. Egolf, "Reporting on Radiation: A Content Analysis of Chernobyl Coverage," Journal of...Mitterrand," Political Science Quarterly, 39 (1987): 103-122. 1 29 Jane Blankenship, Serefa Mendez - Mendez , Jong Guen King and Joseph Giodan, "Initial... Carole M. Gorney and Brenda P. Egolf, "Reporting on Radiation: A Content Analysis of Chernobyl Coverage," Journal of Communication, Summer3 (1987

Pakistan: Key Current Issues and Developments

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

unites many disparate groups in heightened anti-American sentiment.47 • Also in February, three U.S. soldiers were killed when a suicide car bomber...of 2009, or an average of about one every three days. Among the most gruesome were an October 28 car bombing at a market in Peshawar that killed some...Violence Drives Business From Peshawar,” Financial Times (London), January 4, 2010. 54 In recent examples, a March suicide car bombing of the

Improving Resource Allocation Decisions to Reduce the Risk of Terrorist Attacks on Passenger Rail Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-12-01

theory, passenger rail bombing , attacker-defender methodology 15. NUMBER OF PAGES 103 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF REPORT...bombers carried out a successful coordinated attack against the London mass transit system in July 2005. Three suicide bombings occurred on trains and...iron rods to make shrapnel. The precise timing indicates the terrorists themselves detonated their own devices. In March 2016, a suicide bomb

Jihadi Discourse in the Wake of the Arab Spring

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-01

of Islam, such as daily prayer and fasting, and more generally the spiritual struggle against the temptations of worldly pleasures to improve the...rejected because the temptation to partake in the political processes of the nation-state is a recipe for abandoning jihad. They saw how Islamists were...al-qaeda-cited- killing-massoud.html?ref=ahmedshahmassoud (last accessed 13 May 2013). Paul Cruickshank, “ Suicide bomber’s widow soldiers on

Summary of Research Academic Departments 1991-1992.

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-10-01

34Development of a J- Congress of Experimental Mechanics, Las Vegas, R Curve Initialization Procedure," American Society Nevada, 8-11 June 1992. for...Pierre de la Ramie (Petrus J. ..c Humanities permitted a month of research Ramus), 1515-1572, and his attempts to counteract in the National Archives...34Bombers Influence of Napoleonic Tactics on the American from Shangri- La ," U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings, Civil War, 1861-1865," The Influence of

Claire Lee Chennault: Theorist and Campaign Planner

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-05-13

however, these were not in response to warfare’s theoretical change-,, but rather to technological minutiae from bomber and air arm development . TL...of war clarified the past and the.present; notably the Great War and airpower’s technological evolution. Second, it assisted Chennault to foresee the...The second section explores Chennault’s theory of war. This section explores how he developed his theory of war and the theory itself. The third

HISTORICAL AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD - IDAHO NATIONAL ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY, TEST AREA NORTH, HAER NO. ID-33-E

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Susan Stacy; Hollie K. Gilbert

2005-02-01

Test Area North (TAN) was a site of the Aircraft Nuclear Propulsion (ANP) Project of the U.S. Air Force and the Atomic Energy Commission. Its Cold War mission was to develop a turbojet bomber propelled by nuclear power. The project was part of an arms race. Test activities took place in five areas at TAN. The Assembly & Maintenance area was a shop and hot cell complex. Nuclear tests ran at the Initial Engine Test area. Low-power test reactors operated at a third cluster. The fourth area was for Administration. A Flight Engine Test facility (hangar) was built to housemore » the anticipated nuclear-powered aircraft. Experiments between 1955-1961 proved that a nuclear reactor could power a jet engine, but President John F. Kennedy canceled the project in March 1961. ANP facilities were adapted for new reactor projects, the most important of which were Loss of Fluid Tests (LOFT), part of an international safety program for commercial power reactors. Other projects included NASA's Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power and storage of Three Mile Island meltdown debris. National missions for TAN in reactor research and safety research have expired; demolition of historic TAN buildings is underway.« less

Flight and Wind-tunnel Tests of an XBM-1 Dive Bomber

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Donely, Philip; Pearson, Henry A

1938-01-01

Results are given of pressure-distribution measurements made in flight over the right wing cellule and the right half of the horizontal tail surfaces of a dive-bombing biplane. Simultaneous measurements were also taken of the air speed, control-surface positions, control forces, and normal accelerations during various abrupt maneuvers in vertical plane. These maneuvers consisted of push-downs and pull-ups from level flight, dives and dive pull-ups from inverted flight. Besides the pressure measurements, flight tests were made to obtain (1) wing-fabric deflections during dives and (2) variation of the minimum drag coefficient with Reynolds Number. Supplementary tests were also done in the full-scale wind tunnel to obtain the characteristics of the airplane under various propeller conditions and with various tail settings. The results indicate that: (1) by increasing the fabric deflection between pressure ribs, the span load distribution was considerably modified near the center and the wing moment relations were changed; and (2) the minimum drag was less for the idling propeller than for the propeller locked in a vertical position. The value of C(sub D sub min) was equal to K(Reynolds Number)(exp -0.03) for a range from 2,800,000 to 13,100,000.

Development of Airborne Astronavigation for UK V-bombers and the Origin of Continuum Theory (CT): Some Personal Notes and Indications for its Future

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Osmaston, Miles F.

I trace the historical and scientific origin of Continuum Theory, from its observationally enforced beginning in 1959, in never-to-be-repeated military circumstances, and follow this by a discussion of some of its more recent developments. The presence of this and of several other CT-related contributions to this symposium volume on Unified Field Mechanics can be justified by a view that CT, as currently developing, could, in a very real sense, be given an alternative name `Unified Aether Mechanics'. The substitution of `field' by `aether' reflects Newton's 1692 thesis that `fields' cannot exist per se, a view that persisted for over 200 years; they must have an agent or medium within which they exist and are communicated between objects. Hence the term `aether mechanics' would be appropriate. A principal aim in `unification', moreover, has always been the unification of gravitation into the family of forces. Einstein's response was the meanderings of space-time. CT achieves its unification into the electromagnetic family by its implementation of the Maxwell's equations aether, with insightful results, apparently regardless of scale. Particletied in nature, the existence of such an aether is was effectively demonstrated experimentally by the Michelson-Morley finding of 1887.

Proceedings of the USAF Logistics Capability Assessment Symposium LOGCAS 82 Held at USAF Academy, Colorado on 15-19 March 1982

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-05-01

Ohio. General Merkling , fZ" and graduated from Hamilton High School, Los Angeles. He has a bachelor of science degree in mechanical engineering...navigation, navigation radar and doppler radar systems on bomber, cargo , fighter, and drone aircraft. He also performed duties as maintenance debriefer...measure supply support for those items. ihe model will also project future performance and provide a cost/support relationship. 11-13

Integrating the Land and Air Components in an Anti-Access/Area Denial Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-06-01

to his pursuit and bomber squadrons being already tasked to their limits, Fredendall retorted that he had lost 300 men due to enemy actions and the...190 Murray and Scales, The Iraq War, 173. 191 Author’s personal experience as a Close Air Support planner and Strike Package ...in the future the command and control structure will need to support air strike packages transitioning from interdiction and global strike missions to

Terrorism: A Selected Bibliography

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-12-01

and the Courts. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007. 319pp. (KF5060 .P67 2007) Ramsay , Maureen. "Can the Torture of Terrorist Suspects Be...Perceptions of the United States since 9/11. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007. 187pp. (E169.1 .W31 2007) Forest, James J. F . The Making of a...Anne Marie, and Paul F . Steinberg. The Road to Martyrs’ Square: A Journey into the World of the Suicide Bomber. New York: Oxford University Press

The North Caucasus Insurgency: Dead or Alive

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-02-01

Shvedov, a liberal Rus- sian journalist and expert on the North Caucasus, stat- ed at the time that “the number of bombings , terrorist attacks and murders...crowded subway stations in Mos- cow were targeted by suicide bombers, resulting in 3 the deaths of 40 civilians. In January 2011, a bomb ex- ploded in...Moscow’s busy Domodedovo International Airport, leaving 37 dead. In 2013, three suicide bomb - ings on October 21, December 29, and December 30, shook

Great Expectations: Brigadier General Haywood S. Hansell, Jr.and the XXI Bomber Command

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-07-01

Hansell also knew the dissipation of planes would severely hamstring air power’s ability to cow Germany from the air. Once again, Hansell had...Marianas on October 12, 1944, it was the first tangible evidence the efforts of those who fought the steaming heat and tropical rains was to bear fruit...equipment, due to a failure to adequately stress discipline in training, causing unnecessary tension on the logistical chain. Could Hansell have done

Further Studies of Aerodynamic Loads at Spin Entry

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-06-30

the model and the loads on the model for a research coafiguration having certain essential features of a modern fighter-bomber aircraft, since no such...percent at the tip. The model is geometrically similar to that described in reference 3 but approximately 2.4 times larger. The NASA model is designed to...measurements turned out to be extremely time consuming. Even though the V/STOL tunnel staff granted three additional days over the 10 originally scheduled for

MMWR/FLIR/ATR sensor fusion: Proof of concept

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Woolett, Jerry F.

1988-06-01

To improve the relocatable target capabilities of strategic aircraft a sensor fusion concept using a millimeter-wave radar (MMWR) and a forward-looking infrared (FLIR) system providing inputs to an auto target recognizer (ATR) has been developed. To prove this concept, a cooperative research effort is being conducted by a group of industry leaders in bomber avionics, MMWR, and ATR technologies. The author discusses the concept and the plan developed to test, evaluate, and demonstrate the expected performance.

Installation of the Douglas XSB2D-1 in the Test Section of the 40x80 Foot Wind Tunnel at Ames.

NASA Image and Video Library

1944-06-12

Test section of the Ames 40 x 80 foot wind tunnel with the overhead doors open. XSB2D-1 airplane being lowered onto the struts by the overhead crane. Mechanics and engineers on orchard ladders aligning the model with ball sockets on the struts. The Douglas BTD Destroyer was an American dive/ torpedo bomber developed for the United States Navy during World War II.

Air and Space Power Journal. Volume 24, Number 2, Summer 2010

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

25:30 PM Departments 20 ❙ Ricochets and Replies 23 ❙ Views & Analyses Should the United States Maintain the Nuclear Triad...become especially daunting. That is the environment I address in this article by examining a case study of the B-1B bomber nuclear -certification... nuclear certification before describing the situation I faced when I ar- rived at the B-1B System Program Office (SPO) in the summer of 1982. Then, I move

Innovation in Carrier Aviation (Naval War College Newport Papers, 37)

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-08-01

USN counterparts had learned about strengthen- ing aircraft arresting-gear hooks to bear the loads imposed by increasingly heavy air- craft, and they... load bomber (XTB2F-1) that can operate from Essex-class carriers. Its loaded weight is about forty-five thousand pounds. 1942 The Joint Technical...with their time and their expertise. None bears responsibility for any errors in this study. Vice Adm. Robert Dunn, USN (Ret.), also read an early draft

STOCHASTIC DUELS OF LIMITED TIME-DURATION,

DTIC Science & Technology

This paper continues the development of the theory of stochastic duels to include the case where there is a time limitation on the duration of the... duel . An example of this situation is fighter-bomber combat in which the fighter has a very limited fuel supply. In this duel , two contestants (with...variable or (2) constant. The duel proceeds until one or both of the contestants are killed or until the time limit is exceeded. The time limit is either

CTC Sentinel. January 2008, Volume 1 Issue 2. A Profile of Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

virgins of paradise. Even senior Muntada al-Ansar administrators contributed eulogies in honor of Rahman, such as the notorious Saif al-Islam al...by large segments of the population. Gujarat has contributed further to Muslim alienation within India.17 One of India’s premier security...to commemorate a national holiday in central Baghdad were targeted by a suicide bomber, leaving nine people dead. – Reuters, January 6 January 7

Preventing a Cyber Dresden: How the Evolution of Air Power can Guide the Evolution of Cyber

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-06-01

24 Paul Cornish, On Cyber Warfare, (London: RUSI, 2010), 1. 25 CNN‟s footage of Project Aurora, the staged demonstration of SCADA vulnerabilities... Paul McHugh, “Striving for Coherence: Psychiatry‟s Efforts Over Classification”, The Journal of American Medical Association, no.293 (2005):2526-2528...Randall Wakelam, The Science of Bombing: Operational Research in RAF Bomber Command (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2009), 157-182 and Dana

Countering Putin’s Nuclear Backed Aggression with a Continuous Nuclear Capable Bomber Presence

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-05-13

Georgia and Ukraine.” The Quarterly Journal . (Spring 2015). pp. 81. 13 Middleton, Ted. “Order and Counter-Order: The European System and Russia...undermine Eastern European nations and the NATO alliance. To keep the West from interfering with his buffer zone, Putin threatens the use of his nuclear...assure the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) allies as well as European partner nations. The CNBP will also disincentivize European nations that

Establishing a Department of Defense Program Management Body of Knowledge

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-09-01

systems included, "...thousands of jet fighters, bombers and transport aircraft; one hundred new combat and support vessels; and thousands of tanks and...cannon-carrying troop transports and strategic and tactical missiles" (12:9). Such systems were designed to achieve goals and performance levels never...to L. A a 20-week Program Mnageme-.nt .ur., ’ DSMc b-,o : taking command of a mra or pLog-im. A Major De ?-n.5 Acquisition (Category I) Program in the

Assessment of Damage Tolerance Requirements and Analysis. Volume 4. Raw Test Data

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-03-31

T3XX aluminum alloy . Four (4) product forms were selected: MATERIAL PRODUCT FORM THICKNESS (IN) 2024-T3 Sheet 0.090, 0.190 2024-T351 Plate 0.250 2024...T3511 Extruded Tee 0.190 2024-T3511 Extruded Angle 0.250 The material selected to represent bomber/transport/cargo aircraft is 7075- T6XX aluminum alloy ...aluminum alloys , respectively. The raw test data were processed in accordance with ASTM Standard E-8. All the tensile properties, except those marked

Charting the Nation’s Course: Strategic Planning Processes in the 1952-53 New Look and the 1996-97 Quadrennial Defense Review

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-06-01

the Nation’s Course : Strategic Planning Processes in the 1952-53 " New Look" and the 1996-97 Quadrennial...sequences into a cohesive whole. Two examples ( the New Look of 1953 and the Quadrennial Defense Review of 1997) are selected for comparison due to the many...By 1953, atomic weapons were becoming more numerous and hydrogen weapons were about to be tested for the first time. 17 Bombers, cruise missiles,

The Evolution of Air and Nuclear Doctrine: The Theories that Shaped SIOP-62

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-01

Smoke , Deterrence in American Foreign Policy: Theory and Practice (New York: Columbia University Press, 1974), 11. 11 Posen, The Sources of Military...Air Corps, refuted this idea by stating, “the objective of war is to overcome the enemy’s will to resist , and the defeat of his army, his fleet or the...should focus on bombardment aviation as its dominant arm. He noted that although antiaircraft fire was a threat to bomber formations, it could not

The Joint Chiefs of Staff and National Policy: 1965-1968 (History of the Joint Chiefs of Staff)

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

Johnson was under fire from "doves" on the left who had turned against the Vietnam War and "hawks" on the right who claimed that stronger action... resisting a major assault in Europe. In addition, conduct specialized counterinsurgency operations or a stabilizing action, as in the Dominican...unprotected, 120-140 SLBM tubes which were mostly short-range and surface- fired , and about 200 heavy bombers.2 Secretary McNamara planned to level

An Analysis of Tank Gap in Military Balance between Republic of Korea and North Korea

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-12-01

designation *1100-3B CD850-6 CD850-6A Type hydrokinetic crossdrive No. of gears (forward/reverse) 4/2 2/2 2/1 Steering system hydrostatic crossdrive hydro...increased the number of bombers supplied to NK, and by 1956 they had introduced a new aircraft weapon system , the MIG-17 fighters. The agreement stood...U.S. inventories. Additionally, these arms were single weapons (as opposed to weapons systems ) which required only minimal mainte- nance and limited

Electromagnetic Scattering from a Structured Slab Comprised of Periodically Placed Resistive Cards

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-05-01

many different configurations of resistance may be computed at little additional cost. The three types of elements in the tridiagonal resistance...that of the B-52 bomber Reduction of the RCS is a hierarchical process in which each level of contribution must be taken care of by a different ...between the 3 currents of different unit cells; the currents on the entire structure must be treated as unknowns in a moment method solution. On the other

Future Shock: A Case for the B-2 Bomber

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-06-01

Defense Nuclear Facilities Panel of the Committee on Armed Services, 102d Cong., 2d sess., 1992, 369 3 Ibid, 64. 4 Ibid, 320. 6 Chapter 2 The...Options For The 1990s: Hearings before the Defense Policy Panel and the Department of Energy Defense Nuclear Facilities Panel of the Committee on Armed...Department of Energy Defense Nuclear Facilities Panel of the Committee on Armed Services, 102d Cong., 2d sess., 1992, p. 241. 43 Ibid. 44 Although

Armed Drones and Targeted Killing: Policy Implications for Their Use in Deterring Violent Extremism

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-04-17

launched some 200 pilotless balloons mounted with bombs against the city of Venice.”6 It was not until World War I, with the advent of radio...into World War II, weapons manufacturers began fitting them with bombs and explosives to give them a strike capability. Bombers, like the B-17...would release these “flying bombs ”, which were more akin to guided missiles, near a target area, and then a pilot would remotely guide the drone to its

Forecasting Flying Hour Costs of the B-1, B-2, and the B-52 Bomber Aircraft

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-03-01

reject the null hypothesis that the residuals are normally distributed. Likewise, in the Breusch Pagan test , a p-value greater than 0.05 means we...normality or constant variance, it will be noted in the results tables in Chapter IV. The Shapiro Wilk and Breusch Pagan tests are also very...the model; and • the results of the Shapiro Wilk, Breusch Pagan , and Durbin Watson tests . Summary This chapter outlines the methodology used in

The Coast Artillery Journal. Volume 71, Number 4, October 1929

DTIC Science & Technology

1929-10-01

34ad .. justed" in 1927 with the number" adjusted" in 1928 it was necessary to re-examine all 1927 reports and apply the same rule for determination of...should be made in TR 435-55. The rules goveming target practice for the year 1929were in the hands of the printer prior to the receipt of the...means, with the camera obscura of accurately tracking a plane through the heavens. General rules could simulate the actual flight of a bomber and provide

D.I.M.E.F.I.L.: A Wordwide Campaign for Life

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-05-01

Joint Advanced Warfighting School in partial satisfaction of the requirements of a Master of Science Degree in Joint Campaign Planning and Strategy...of them. Al-Tamini stated his job was to “get a bomber to the best spot for an attack, where he can inflict the most damage.” Sometimes he...majority of militants were unmarried males 20-29 years old from families with both parents living and 6-10 siblings, and who completed secondary

The U.S. Automobile Industry: Will It Survive Increasing International Competition

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-04-22

the best selling automobile in the country by almost a 2:1 margin was the Japanese designed Honda Accord. 1 It has been estimated that since 1980 over...the industry made to U.S. war efforts. I will compare the American automobile industry to its foreign competi- tors, take a look at the strategies used...during WW II in bomber pro- duction with excellent results. After the war, Deming’s methods were ignored by domestic automobile producers. Nissan was

The Nation That Cried Lone Wolf: A Data-Driven Analysis of Individual Terrorists in the United States Since 9/11

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-01

the “ Underwear Bomber.” He is not classified as a lone-wolf terrorist, although he did operationalize his attack as a lone individual. Abdulmutallab...commencing the attacks. 4. July 2002—Hesham Mohamed Hadayet Hesham Mohamed Hadayet opened fire in Los Angeles International Airport on July 4, 2002...killed Hadayet at the scene. 76 5. October 2002—Steve Kim Postal worker Steve Kim fired seven shots at the United Nations to physically protest

Air Weapon Systems in the Third World: A Combat Potential Assessment Technique.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-06-01

VALUE LABEL BMAT BOMBER-GROUND ATTACK FTAT FIGHTER-GROUND ATTACK FTTA FIGHTER/TRAINER-GROUND ATTACK FTIN FIGHTER-INTERCEPTOR FTTI FIGHTER/TRAINER...260 2.91 10900 5440 17720 24540 TORADV FTIN 46 400 5.20 31500 15632 41392 60000 TORIDS FTAT 46 400 5.20 31065 14000 47985 60000 TU16AG BMAT 108 1772...6.58 82000 56870 130235 158730 TU22BD BMAT 91 1451 5. 69 80400 81600 147650 185000 ACFT MAXPWR TWPWR ASPD SPECENA LSPD SPECENS CSPD SCEI ALPHAMSI 5952

X-2 on Transportation Dolly

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1952-01-01

This 1952 photograph shows the X-2 #2 aircraft mounted on a special transportation dolly at Edwards Air Force Base, California. The dolly was steerable and was used for transporting the X-2 around and for towing it off the lakebed at Edwards Air Force Base after a landing. This was the number 2 airplane (46-675), which was lost on May 12, 1953, on a captive flight over Lake Ontario when the airplane exploded during a liquid-oxygen topoff test, killing the pilot, Jean Ziegler, and EB-50A crewman Frank Wolko. Almost no debris was recovered from Lake Ontario, so no cause for the explosion could be determined. Later, however, investigations of similar explosions in the X-1 #3, X-1A, and X-1D traced the problem to Ulmer leather gaskets, which exuded tricresyl phosphate. This substance caused detonations in the supercold atmosphere of the airplanes' liquid oxygen tanks. As the X-2 #2 also had these gaskets, they were probably the cause of the explosion in that aircraft as well. The X-2 was a swept-wing, rocket-powered aircraft designed to fly faster than Mach 3 (three times the speed of sound). It was built for the U.S. Air Force by the Bell Aircraft Company, Buffalo, New York. The X-2 was flown to investigate the problems of aerodynamic heating as well as stability and control effectiveness at high altitudes and high speeds (in excess of Mach 3). Bell aircraft built two X-2 aircraft. These were constructed of K-monel (a copper and nickel alloy) for the fuselage and stainless steel for the swept wings and control surfaces. The aircraft had ejectable nose capsules instead of ejection seats because the development of ejection seats had not reached maturity at the time the X-2 was conceived. The X-2 ejection canopy was successfully tested using a German V-2 rocket. The X-2 used a skid-type landing gear to make room for more fuel. The airplane was air launched from a modified Boeing B-50 Superfortress Bomber. X-2 Number 1 made its first unpowered glide flight on Aug. 5, 1954, and made a total of 17 (4 glide and 13 powered) flights before it was lost Sept. 27, 1956. The pilot on Flight 17, Capt. Milburn Apt, had flown the aircraft to a record speed of Mach 3.2 (2,094 mph), thus becoming the first person to exceed Mach 3. During that last flight, inertial coupling occurred and the pilot was killed. The aircraft suffered little damage in the crash, resulting in proposals (never implemented) from the Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory, Hampton, Virginia, to rebuild it for use in a hypersonic (Mach 5+) test program. In 1953, X-2 Number 2 was lost in an in-flight explosion while at the Bell Aircraft Company during captive flight trials and was jettisoned into Lake Ontario. The Air Force had previously flown the aircraft on three glide flights at Edwards Air Force Base, California, in 1952. Although the NACA's High-Speed Flight Station, Edwards, California, (predecessor of NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center) never actually flew the X-2 aircraft, the NACA did support the program primarily through Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory wind-tunnel tests and Wallops Island, Virginia, rocket-model tests. The NACA High-Speed Flight Station also provided stability-and-control recording instrumentation and simulator support for the Air Force flights. In the latter regard, the NACA worked with the Air Force in using a special computer to extrapolate and predict aircraft behavior from flight data.

Test pilots 1952 - Walker, Butchart, and Jones

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1952-01-01

This photo shows test pilots, (Left-Right) Joseph A. Walker, Stanley P. Butchart and Walter P. Jones, standing in front of the Douglas D-558-II Skystreak, in 1952. These three test pilots at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics' High-Speed Flight Research Station probably were discussing their flights in the aircraft. Joe flew research flights on the D-558-I #3 (14 flights, first on June 29, 1951) investigating buffeting, tail loads, and longitudinal stability. He flew the D-558-II #2 (3 flights, first on April 29, 1955) and recorded data on lateral stability and control. He also made pilot check-out flights in the D-558-II #3 (2 flights, first on May 7, 1954). For fifteen years Walker served as a pilot at the Edwards flight research facility (today known as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Dryden Flight Research Center) on research flights as well as chase missions for other pilots on NASA and Air Force research programs. On June 8, 1966, he was flying chase in NASA's F-104N for the Air Force's experimental bomber, North American XB-70A, when he was fatally injured in a mid-air collision between the planes. Stan flew the D-558-I #3 (12 flights, first on October 19, 1951) to determine the dynamic longitudinal stability characteristics and investigations of the lateral stability and control. He made one flight in the D-558-II #3 on June 26, 1953, as a pilot check-out flight. Butchart retired from the NASA Dryden Flight Research Center at Edwards, California, on February 27, 1976, after a 25-year career in research aviation. Stan served as a research pilot, chief pilot, and director of flight operations. Walter P. Jones was a research pilot for NACA from the fall of 1950 to July 1952. He had been in the U.S. Air Force as a pilot before joining the Station. Jones flew the D-558-I #3 (5 flights, first on February 13, 1951) to study buffeting, tail loads and longitudinal stability. Jones made research flights on the D-558-II #3 ( 7 flights, first on July 20, 1951). These flights investigated pitch-up and evaluated outboard wing fences. Walt also made research flights in the Northrop X-4 (14 flights, first on March 26, 1952) and the Bell X-5 (8 flights, first on June 20, 1952). In July 1952, Walt left NACA's High-Speed Flight Research Station to join Northrop Corporation as a pilot. Returning from a test mission in a Northrop YF-89D Scorpion he was fatally injured on October 20, 1953, near Edwards Air Force Base.

Airborne lidar wind detection at 2 μm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Targ, Russell; Hawley, James G.; Steakley, Bruce C.; Ames, Lawrence L.; Robinson, Paul A.

1995-06-01

NASA and the FAA have expressed interest in laser radar's capabilities to detect wind profiles at altitude. A number of programs have been addressing the technical feasibility and utility of laser radar atmospheric backscatter data to determine wind profiles and wind hazards for aircraft guidance and navigation. In addition, the U.S. Air Force is investigating the use of airborne lidar to achieve precision air drop capability, and to increase the accuracy of the AC- 130 gunship and the B-52 bomber by measuring the wind field from the aircraft to the ground. There are emerging capabilities of airborne laser radar to measure wind velocities and detect turbulence and other atmospheric disturbances out in front of an aircraft in real time. The measurement of these parameters can significantly increase fuel efficiency, flight safety, airframe lifetime, and terminal area capacity for new and existing aircraft. This is achieved through wind velocity detection, turbulence avoidance, active control utilization to alleviate gust loading, and detection of wingtip wake vortices produced by landing aircraft. This paper presents the first flight test results of an all solid-state 2-micrometers laser radar system measuring the wind field profile 1 to 2 km in front of an aircraft in real time. We find 0.7-m/s wind measurement accuracy for the system which is configured in a rugged, light weight, high- performance ARINC package.

Two-Dimensional Simulation of the Automatic Aircraft Intercept Control System

DTIC Science & Technology

1950-01-26

G. Paine 26 January 1950 CfaSSif!,catlor Cf FI 7’-. AUTH I- By .... we, ure nd Grade Appro 4ed by: Mr. E . F. Kulikowski, Head, Systems Utilization...which are herein designated by the letter E with the proper subscripts). The observed coordinates for either bomber or fighter can be expressed by the...equations, "YV= Y + E (6) and X=X+Ex, (7) in which X and Y are the exact position coordinates and Ey, Ex the position errors. Since the’ - errors vary

Effectiveness of bomber deployed autonomous airborne vehicles in finding rail mobile SS-24s

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Abey, A.E.; Erickson, S.A.; Norquist, P.D.

1990-08-01

Computer simulation predictions of the effectiveness of autonomous airborne vehicles in finding rail mobile SS-24s are presented. Effectiveness is discussed for several autonomous airborne vehicle endurances and survivabilities for the search area southwest of Moscow. The effect of where the Soviets place the SS-24s on the rail network was also investigated. The simulation predicts significant variations in the ability of a multi-autonomous airborne vehicle system to find SS-24s with these parameters. 12 figs., 1 tab.

Strategic Offensive Airpower: The Role of the Long Range Bomber.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-04-01

Joint Flag Office-s’ Warfighting Corse. AvtiLi1ity fodes it- j Avail ana/or Dist Speial. 4,- 5 I - - - - - - -. F~’ .~ r d’-~rP .- -. % -’TABLE OF...philosophy. I . PROBLEM: The creation of a purely ccnventioral ong , which has significant combat power provide s an r .. r ........ !-T...tha. conflict places their homeland in Iimed1 tR convent_:n l danger. TI 0 u r -7N *4 LU F: . ’ dWk- r 4v A V 77No (Sedo)- I ’:00 Kastan. No d

Investigation of the Loads on a Conventional Front and Rear Sliding Canopy

DTIC Science & Technology

1947-07-09

requirements used in the design of oanopies and their oom.ponents :tll.fl1 .’ ’ ............ -...... -.. - not be adequate. As the current load...oanopy’ ’. internal r rear of the oanopy " 3 The Curtiss,S:S20-4E airplane :is a a1.ngle-engtne" "two-pl.aoe~ low-rlilg sOoUt end dive bomber for use ...range of power conditions employed in these tests. Thrust coefficients" used in the tests to Simulate constant militar,y power operation in flight for

Canopies of Blue: The American Airborne Experience in the Pacific in the Second World War as a Case Study in Operational Art and Multi-role Flexibility

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-03-25

capture of Bougainville.25 Since both ends of the island contained Japanese strongholds, the central Empress August Bay region on the western side of...tactics, I MAC withdrew the raiders at a cost of 11 dead and 14 wounded.29 The Empress Augusta Bay invasion was now in full swing and the...Japanese positions in the north that held the potential to damage efforts at Empress Augusta Bay. Japanese heavy bombers focused their efforts on

Reliability Modeling of Critical Electronic Devices.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-01

form are given below: 1) Xn = K 7E = AS + B 2) Xn = K TTE = A(S)B 3) Xn = K TE = A exp(BS) 24 A- where Xn = predicted normalized failure rate 0 0 K...naval, sheltered NS 5 7.3 a,. naval, unsheltered NU 10 16.8 naval, undersea , unsheltered NUU 14 20.6 naval, benign, submarine NSB 4 6.0 naval, hydrofoil... undersea , launch USL 18 37.1 3 S missile, free flight MFF 9 12.6 airbreathing missile, flight MFA 11 17.6 space, flight SF 2 2.1 Notes: (1) includes bomber

Standoff detection of explosives and chemical agents using broadly tuned external-cavity quantum cascade lasers (EC-QCLs)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Takeuchi, Eric B.; Rayner, Timothy; Weida, Miles; Crivello, Salvatore; Day, Timothy

2007-10-01

Civilian soft targets such as transportation systems are being targeted by terrorists using IEDs and suicide bombers. Having the capability to remotely detect explosives, precursors and other chemicals would enable these assets to be protected with minimal interruption of the flow of commerce. Mid-IR laser technology offers the potential to detect explosives and other chemicals in real-time and from a safe standoff distance. While many of these agents possess "fingerprint" signatures in the mid-IR (i.e. in the 3-20 micron regime), their effective interrogation by a practical, field-deployable system has been limited by size, complexity, reliability and cost constraints of the base laser technology. Daylight Solutions has addressed these shortcomings by developing compact, portable, broadly tunable mid-IR laser sources based upon external-cavity quantum cascade technology. This technology is now being applied by Daylight in system level architectures for standoff and remote detection of explosives, precursors and chemical agents. Several of these architectures and predicted levels of performance will be presented.

Ground Measurements of Airplane Shock-Wave Noise at Mach Numbers to 2.0 and at Altitudes to 60,000 Feet

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lina, Lindsay J.; Maglieri, Domenic J.

1960-01-01

The intensity of shock-wave noise at the ground resulting from flights at Mach numbers to 2.0 and altitudes to 60,000 feet was measured. Meagurements near the ground track for flights of a supersonic fighter and one flight of a supersonic bomber are presented. Level cruising flight at an altitude of 60,000 feet and a Mach number of 2.0 produced sonic booms which were considered to be tolerable, and it is reasonable t o expect that cruising flight at higher altitudes will produce booms of tolerable intensity for airplanes of the size and weight of the test airplanes. The measured variation of sonic-boom intensity with altitude was in good agreement with the variation calculated by an equation given in NASA Technical Note D-48. The effect of Mach number on the ground overpressure is small between Mach numbers of 1.4 and 2.0, a result in agreement with the theory. No amplification of the shock-wave overpressures due to refraction effects was apparent near the cutoff Mach number. A method for estimating the effect of fligh-path angle on cutoff Mach number is shown. Experimental results indicate agreement with the method, since a climb maneuver produced booms of a much decreased intensity as compared with the intensity of those measured in level flight at about the same altitude and Mach number. Comparison of sound pressure levels for the fighter and bomber airp lanes indicated little effect of either airplane size or weight at an altitude of 40,000 feet.

Boeing B-47 Bomber with an Ejector at the 1957 NACA Lewis Inspection

NASA Image and Video Library

1957-10-21

A Boeing B-47 Stratojet bomber with a noise-reducing ejector on its engine at the 1957 Inspection of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory. Representatives from the military, aeronautical industry, universities, and the press were invited to the laboratory to be briefed on the NACA’s latest research efforts and tour the state- of- the- art test facilities. Over 1700 people visited the NACA Lewis in Cleveland, Ohio during October 7 - 10, 1957. By the mid-1950s, the aircraft industry was close to introducing jet airliners to the nation’s airways. The noise produced by the large jet engines, however, would pose a considerable problem for communities near airports. This problem was demonstrated at the 1957 Inspection by an NACA Lewis researcher who played longplay (LP) audio records of military jet engines for an audience. Tests showed that the source of the loudest noise was not the engine itself, but the mixing of the engine’s exhaust with the surrounding air in the atmosphere. The pressures resulting from this turbulence produced sound waves. One of Lewis’ first studies sought to design an exhaust nozzle that reduced the turbulence. A Pratt and Whitney J57 was tested in the Altitude Wind Tunnel with many of these nozzle configurations from January to May 1957. Researchers found that the various nozzle types did reduce the noise levels but also reduced the aircraft’s thrust. Afterwards, they determined that the addition of an NACA-developed ejector reduced the noise levels without diminishing thrust.

Performance Evaluation Method for Dissimilar Aircraft Designs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Walker, H. J.

1979-01-01

A rationale is presented for using the square of the wingspan rather than the wing reference area as a basis for nondimensional comparisons of the aerodynamic and performance characteristics of aircraft that differ substantially in planform and loading. Working relationships are developed and illustrated through application to several categories of aircraft covering a range of Mach numbers from 0.60 to 2.00. For each application, direct comparisons of drag polars, lift-to-drag ratios, and maneuverability are shown for both nondimensional systems. The inaccuracies that may arise in the determination of aerodynamic efficiency based on reference area are noted. Span loading is introduced independently in comparing the combined effects of loading and aerodynamic efficiency on overall performance. Performance comparisons are made for the NACA research aircraft, lifting bodies, century-series fighter aircraft, F-111A aircraft with conventional and supercritical wings, and a group of supersonic aircraft including the B-58 and XB-70 bomber aircraft. An idealized configuration is included in each category to serve as a standard for comparing overall efficiency.

The Pros and Cons of National Defense: A Study of the Proponents, Opponents, Issues, and the Public Affairs and Public Relations Programs Surrounding the B-1 Strategic Bomber

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-08-01

it was noted that I the B-I would be faster, carry more payload, and have a smaller radar cross section than the B-52. Also, in comparison to the B-52...payload or have smaller cross section . (6) Compared to B-52, B-i will: (a) Have higher penetration speeds (b) Have larger payload capacity (c) Have... radar detection range, then S I descend to below radar detection altitudes (literally at treetop levels) and penetrate enemy airspace to within

Aircraft Transparency Failure and Logistical Cost Analysis. Volume I. Program Summary

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-12-01

Hours liv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS (Continued) SFMC Field Maintenance Cost FMEA Failure Modes and Effect Analysis SFMS Field Maintenance Squadron FSN...3, CH-53, AND UH -1 Figure 3. Study Aircraft 10 I. 1. WINDSHIELDS 2. CANOPIES 3. WINDOWS INTERACTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEMS 1. ANTI-ICING 2. DEFOGGING 3...52,947 13,761 UH /TH-1F, 1P 73,431 73,640 Total helicopters 339,690 113,492 2.99 Bombers B-S2G 138,348 64,431 B-S2P 93,000 36,936 B-57 34,527 19,552

The medico-legal investigation of the El Aqsah Intifada.

PubMed

Hiss, Jehuda; Freund, Maya; Motro, Uzi; Kahana, Tzipi

2002-07-01

The majority (n = 445) of the Israeli and Palestinian fatal victims of the El Aqsah Intifada was examined at the National Center of Forensic Medicine in Tel Aviv. Analysis of the trauma sustained and the anthropologic profile of both the victims and the perpetrators elucidates the trends and contrasts them with the phenomenon in the past. The purpose of the forensic investigation of mass casualty incidents is manifold: establishing the minimal number of individuals involved, identifying the victims and perpetrators, collecting material evidence, and determining the modus operandi. The postmortem examination includes external description of the bodies and their injuries, photo-documentation, and sampling of tissues. Radiography, dental examination, and a ten-print card of each cadaver are also recorded. The modus operandi of the current Intifada is somewhat different from that of the previous wave of terrorism and includes more road shootings and vehicular terrorism. In addition, three suicide bombers who detonated explosive devices within crowded areas were young women, and the age of the perpetrators has increased from up to 35 years to individuals as old as 47, thus greatly enlarging the potential number of suicide terrorists. Virologic and biologic tests have been introduced to examine the tissues of the suicide bombers since they are possible sources of contagion to the wounded victims. The results of the medico-legal investigation of victims and perpetrators of terrorism enable us to establish the modus operandi and the profile of potential perpetrators, which can help in the prevention of similar attacks. Documentation of the different types of injuries in fatal victims of explosion and shooting contributes to improving the awareness of the medical staff treating the wounded of similar attacks. Further investigation into the reliability of virologic and biologic tests conducted on postmortem tissue is recommended.

Bombers, Bank Accounts, & Bleedout. Al-Qa’ida’s Road In and Out of Iraq

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

Iraq.  Some of the analysis and  graphics in this chapter were generated using  Palantir  software.  See  www.palantirtech.com/sinjar for additional...87 This figure was determined using  Palantir  analytics, which made it possible to normalize many  of the...fighters  into  Iraq,  there are many.    90 Analysis and graphical representation made using  Palantir

Synthesis of optical polarization signatures of military aircraft

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Egan, Walter G.; Duggin, Michael J.

2002-01-01

Focal plane wide band IR imagery will be compared with visual wide band focal plane digital imagery of a camouflaged B-52 bomber. Extreme enhancement is possible using digital polarized imagery. The experimental observations will be compared to theoretical calculations and modeling result of both specular and shadowed areas to allow extrapolations to the synthesis of the optical polarization signatures of other aircraft. The relationship of both the specular and the shadowed areas to surface structure, orientation, specularlity, roughness, shadowing and the complex index of refraction will be illustrated. The imagery was obtained in two plane-polarized directions. Many aircraft locations were measured as well as sky background.

An analysis of the effects of aeroelasticity on static longitudinal stability and control of a swept-back-wing airplane

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Skoog, Richard B

1951-01-01

A theoretical analysis of the effects of aeroelasticity on the stick-fixed static longitudinal stability and elevator angle required for balance of an airplane is presented together with calculated effects for a swept-wing bomber of relatively high flexibility. Although large changes in stability due to certain parameters are indicated for the example airplane, the over-all stability change after considering all parameters was quite small, compared to the individual effects, due to the counterbalancing of wing and tail contributions. The effect of flexibility on longitudinal control for the example airplane was found to be of little real importance.

A NASTRAN model of a large flexible swing-wing bomber. Volume 5: NASTRAN model development-fairing structure

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mock, W. D.; Latham, R. A.

1982-01-01

The NASTRAN model plan for the fairing structure was expanded in detail to generate the NASTRAN model of this substructure. The grid point coordinates, element definitions, material properties, and sizing data for each element were specified. The fairing model was thoroughly checked out for continuity, connectivity, and constraints. The substructure was processed for structural influence coefficients (SIC) point loadings to determine the deflection characteristics of the fairing model. Finally, a demonstration and validation processing of this substructure was accomplished using the NASTRAN finite element program. The bulk data deck, stiffness matrices, and SIC output data were delivered.

E-960

NASA Image and Video Library

1953-04-27

In the center foreground of this 1953 hanger photo is the YF-84A (NACA 134/Air Force 45-59490) used for vortex generator research. It arrived on November 28, 1949, and departed on April 21, 1954. Beside it is the third D-558-1 aircraft (NACA 142/Navy 37972). This aircraft was used for a total of 78 transonic research flights from April 1949 to June 1954. It replaced the second D-558-1, lost in the crash which killed Howard Lilly. Just visible on the left edge is the nose of the first D-558-2 (NACA 143/Navy 37973). Douglas turned the aircraft over to NACA on August 31, 1951, after the contractor had completed its initial test flights. NACA only made a single flight with the aircraft, on September 17, 1956, before the program was cancelled. In the center of the photo is the B-47A (NACA 150/Air Force 49-1900). The B-47 jet bomber, with its thin, swept-back wings, and six podded engines, represented the state of the art in aircraft design in the early 1950s. The aircraft undertook a number of research activities between May 1953 and its 78th and final research flight on November 22, 1957. The tests showed that the aircraft had a buffeting problem at speeds above Mach 0.8. Among the pilots who flew the B-47 were later X-15 pilots Joe Walker, A. Scott Crossfield, John B. McKay, and Neil A. Armstrong. On the right side of the B-47 is NACA's X-1 (Air Force 46-063). The second XS-1 aircraft built, it was fitted with a thicker wing than that on the first aircraft, which had exceeded Mach 1 on October 14, 1947. Flight research by NACA pilots indicated that this thicker wing produced 30 percent more drag at transonic speeds compared to the thinner wing on the first X-1. After a final flight on October 23, 1951, the aircraft was grounded due to the possibility of fatigue failure of the nitrogen spheres used to pressurize the fuel tanks. At the time of this photo, in 1953, the aircraft was in storage. In 1955, the aircraft was extensively modified, becoming the X-1E. In front o

Terahertz imaging system for stand-off detection of threats

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hübers, H.-W.; Semenov, A. D.; Richter, H.; Böttger, U.

2007-04-01

Suicide bombers and hidden bombs or explosives have become serious threats especially for mass transportation. Until now there exists no established system which can be used against these threats. Therefore new technologies especially for stand-off detection of threats are required. Terahertz (THz) rays offer an alternative inspection method, which can cope with these new challenges. Major advantages of THz radiation as compared to other spectral regions are the possibility to penetrate through clothes and that THz radiation is not harmful for human health. In this report the design and results of a THz stand-off detection system will be presented. The sensor is based on active illumination of the object and sensitive heterodyne detection of reflected and backscattered radiation. The system operates at about 0.8 THz. A THz laser is used for illumination and a superconducting hot-electron bolometric mixer for detection. The local oscillator required for heterodyne detection is a multiplied microwave source. The optical system is designed to allow for stand-off detection at 20 m with a spatial resolution less than 2 cm.

A NASTRAN model of a large flexible swing-wing bomber. Volume 3: NASTRAN model development-wing structure

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mock, W. D.; Latham, R. A.

1982-01-01

The NASTRAN model plan for the wing structure was expanded in detail to generate the NASTRAN model for this substructure. The grid point coordinates were coded for each element. The material properties and sizing data for each element were specified. The wing substructure model was thoroughly checked out for continuity, connectivity, and constraints. This substructure was processed for structural influence coefficients (SIC) point loadings and the deflections were compared to those computed for the aircraft detail model. Finally, a demonstration and validation processing of this substructure was accomplished using the NASTRAN finite element program. The bulk data deck, stiffness matrices, and SIC output data were delivered.

[ROLE OF THE SYMPATHOADRENOMEDULLARY SYSTEM IN FORMATION OF PILOT'S ADAPTATION TO FLIGHT LOADS].

PubMed

Sukhoterin, A F; Pashchenko, P S; Plakhov, N N; Zhuravlev, A G

2015-01-01

Purpose of the work was to evaluate the sympathoadrenomedullary functions and associated psychophysiological reactions of pilots as a function of flight hours on highly maneuverable aircraft. Volunteers to the investigation were 78 pilots (41 pilots of maneuverable aircraft and 37 pilots of bombers and transporters). Selected methods were to enable comprehensive evaluation of the body functioning against flight loads. Our results evidence that piloting of high maneuverable aircraft but not of bombing and transporting aircrafts activates the sympathoadrenomedullary system significantly. This is particularly common to young pilots with the total flying time less than 1000 hours. Adaptive changes to flight factors were noted to develop with age and experience.

A NASTRAN model of a large flexible swing-wing bomber. Volume 2: NASTRAN model development-horizontal stabilzer, vertical stabilizer and nacelle structures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mock, W. D.; Latham, R. A.; Tisher, E. D.

1982-01-01

The NASTRAN model plans for the horizontal stabilizer, vertical stabilizer, and nacelle structure were expanded in detail to generate the NASTRAN model for each of these substructures. The grid point coordinates were coded for each element. The material properties and sizing data for each element were specified. Each substructure model was thoroughly checked out for continuity, connectivity, and constraints. These substructures were processed for structural influence coefficients (SIC) point loadings and the deflections were compared to those computed for the aircraft detail models. Finally, a demonstration and validation processing of these substructures was accomplished using the NASTRAN finite element program installed at NASA/DFRC facility.

The national aero-space plane

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mendez, Bruce

1988-01-01

The National Aerospace Plane is an extremely versatile and adaptable aircraft. It can be developed into an Orient Express that would dramatically improve trade with countries in Asia and elsewhere: a commuter transport to ferry men and materials to space, an advanced tactical fighter or bomber, and an unparalleled high altitude spy-plane to observe troubled spots all over the globe. Utilizing the technology developed by this pilot program, it will be possible to quickly and easily get to low Earth orbit, go halfway around the world in a fraction of the time it previously took, and lead the world in the development of advanced technology to improve our lives and the lives of many others.

Millimetre wave and terahertz technology for the detection of concealed threats: a review

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kemp, Michael C.

2006-09-01

There has been intense interest in the use of millimetre wave and terahertz technology for the detection of concealed weapons, explosives and other threats. Electromagnetic waves at these frequencies are safe, penetrate barriers and have short enough wavelengths to allow discrimination between objects. In addition, many solids including explosives have characteristic spectroscopic signatures at terahertz wavelengths which can be used to identify them. This paper reviews the progress which has been made in recent years and identifies the achievements, challenges and prospects for these technologies in checkpoint people screening, stand off detection of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and suicide bombers as well as more specialized screening tasks.

A NASTRAN model of a large flexible swing-wing bomber. Volume 4: NASTRAN model development-fuselage structure

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mock, W. D.; Latham, R. A.

1982-01-01

The NASTRAN model plan for the fuselage structure was expanded in detail to generate the NASTRAN model for this substructure. The grid point coordinates were coded for each element. The material properties and sizing data for each element were specified. The fuselage substructure model was thoroughly checked out for continuity, connectivity, and constraints. This substructure was processed for structural influence coefficients (SIC) point loadings and the deflections were compared to those computed for the aircraft detail model. Finally, a demonstration and validation processing of this substructure was accomplished using the NASTRAN finite element program. The bulk data deck, stiffness matrices, and SIC output data were delivered.

Remote damage control during the attacks on Paris: Lessons learned by the Paris Fire Brigade and evolutions in the rescue system.

PubMed

Lesaffre, Xavier; Tourtier, Jean-Pierre; Violin, Yann; Frattini, Benoit; Rivet, Catherine; Stibbe, Olivier; Faure, Florian; Godefroy, Anne; Gallet, Jean-Claude; Ausset, Sylvain

2017-06-01

On November 13, 2015, in 40 minutes, Paris suffered four suicide bombers attacks; shootings at three different restaurant terraces; and an attack on the Bataclan concert hall, resulting in 130 dead and 495 wounded. How did the Parisian rescue system respond and how did it evolve since?We proved we could deploy quickly wide prehospital and hospital resources and teams' equipment and preparedness is being further developed. To secure a swifter initial response, we need a better integration of the operators of the rescue chain with a simpler and more robust organization as well as improved communications channels. We must continue to anticipate and prepare for possible future attacks.

North American X-15 model tested in 300MPH Low Speed 7x10 Tunnel

NASA Image and Video Library

1958-09-07

A one-twentieth scale model of the X-15 originally suspended beneath the wing of a B-52 is observed by a scientist of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as it leaves the bomber model in tests to determine the release characteristics and drop motion of the research airplane. Caption: The aerodynamics of air launching the North American X-15 being investigated in the 300MPH Low Speed 7x10 Tunnel, about 1957. Photograph published in Engineer in Charge: A History of the Langley Aeronautical Laboratory, 1917-1958 by James R. Hansen. Page 366. Photograph also published in Sixty Years of Aeronautical Research 1917-1977 By David A. Anderton. A NASA publication. Page 49.

Extracting a representative loading spectrum from recorded flight data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Denyer, Anthony G.

1994-01-01

One of the more important ingredients when computing the life of a structure is the loading environment. This paper describes the development of an aircraft loading spectrum that closely matches the service experience, thus allowing a more accurate assessment of the structural life. The paper outlines the flight loads data collection system, the procedures developed to compile and interpret the service records and the techniques used to define a spectrum suitable for structural life analysis. The areas where the procedures were tailored to suit the special situation of the USAF B-1B bomber are also discussed. the results of the methodology verification, achieved by comparing the generated spectra with the results of strain gage monitoring during service operations, are also presented.

Application of Computational Stability and Control Techniques Including Unsteady Aerodynamics and Aeroelastic Effects

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schuster, David M.; Edwards, John W.

2004-01-01

The motivation behind the inclusion of unsteady aerodynamics and aeroelastic effects in the computation of stability and control (S&C) derivatives will be discussed as they pertain to aeroelastic and aeroservoelastic analysis. This topic will be addressed in the context of two applications, the first being the estimation of S&C derivatives for a cable-mounted aeroservoelastic wind tunnel model tested in the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) Transonic Dynamics Tunnel (TDT). The second application will be the prediction of the nonlinear aeroservoelastic phenomenon known as Residual Pitch Oscillation (RPO) on the B-2 Bomber. Techniques and strategies used in these applications to compute S&C derivatives and perform flight simulations will be reviewed, and computational results will be presented.

Modeling aerosol emissions from the combustion of composite materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Roop, J. A.; Caldwell, D. J.; Kuhlmann, K. J.

1994-01-01

The use of advanced composite materials (ACM) in the B-2 bomber, composite armored vehicle, and F-22 advanced tactical fighter has rekindled interest concerning the health risk of burned or burning ACM. The objective of this work was to determine smoke production from burning ACM and its toxicity. A commercial version of the UPITT II combustion toxicity method developed at the University of Pittsburgh, and subsequently refined through a US Army-funded basic research project, was used to established controlled combustion conditions which were selected to evaluate real-world exposure scenarios. Production and yield of toxic species varied with the combustion conditions. Previous work with this method showed that the combustion conditions directly influenced the toxicity of the decomposition products from a variety of materials.

Hydrogeology at Air Force Plant 4 and vicinity and water quality of the Paluxy Aquifer, Fort Worth, Texas

USGS Publications Warehouse

Kuniansky, Eve L.; Jones, Sonya A.; Brock, Robert D.; Williams, M.D.

1996-01-01

Ground water in the surficial terrace alluvial aquifer is contaminated at Air Force Plant 4, Fort Worth, Texas, and at the adjacent Naval Air Station. Some of the contaminated water has leaked from the terrace alluvial aquifer to an uppermost interval of the Paluxy Formation (the Paluxy "upper sand") beneath the east parking lot, east of the assembly building, and to the upper and middle zones of the Paluxy aquifer near Bomber Road, west of the assembly building. Citizens are concerned that contaminants from the plant, principally trichloroethylene and chromium might enter nearby municipal and domestic wells that pump water from the middle and lower zones of the Paluxy aquifer. Geologic formations that crop out in the study area, from oldest to youngest, are the Paluxy Formation (aquifer), Walnut Formation (confining unit), and Goodland Limestone (confining unit). Beneath the Paluxy Formation is the Glen Rose Formation (confining unit) and Twin Mountains Formation (aquifer). The terrace alluvial deposits overlie these Cretaceous rocks. The terrace alluvial aquifer, which is not used for municipal water supply, is separated from the Paluxy aquifer by the Goodland-Walnut confining unit. The confining unit restricts the flow of ground water between these aquifers in most places; however, downward leakage to the Paluxy aquifer might occur through the "window," where the confining unit is thin or absent. The Paluxy aquifer is divided into upper, middle, and lower zones. The Paluxy "upper sand" underlying the "window" is an apparently isolated, mostly unsaturated, sandy lens within the uppermost part of the upper zone. The Paluxy aquifer is recharged by leakage from Lake Worth and by precipitation on the outcrop area. Discharge from the aquifer primarily occurs as pumpage from municipal and domestic wells. The Paluxy aquifer is separated from the underlying Twin Mountains aquifer by the Glen Rose confining unit. Water-level maps indicate that (1) ground water in the terrace alluvial aquifer appears to flow outward, away from Air Force Plant 4; (2) a ground-water mound, possibly caused by downward leakage from the terrace alluvial aquifer, is present in the Paluxy "upper sand" beneath the "window;" and (3) lateral ground-water flow in regionally extensive parts of the Paluxy aquifer is from west to east-southeast. Trichloroethylene concentrations at Air Force Plant 4 have ranged from about 10,000 to about 100,000 micrograms per liter in the terrace alluvial aquifer, from 8,000 to 11,000 micrograms per liter in the Paluxy "upper sand," and from 2 to 50 micrograms per liter in the upper and middle zones of the Paluxy aquifer. Chromium concentrations at Air Force Plant 4 have ranged from 0 to 629 micrograms per liter in the terrace alluvial aquifer. The seven municipal wells mostly west and south of Air Force Plant 4 are not along a flowpath for leakage of contaminants from the plant because ground-water flow in the Paluxy aquifer is toward the east-southeast. Furthermore, trichloroethylene was not detected in any of these wells in 1993 when all were sampled for water quality. The results of water-quality sampling at 10 domestic wells northwest of the Air Force Plant 4 during April 1993 and April 1995 indicated that neither trichloroethylene nor chromium had migrated off-site to these wells.

The North Warning System: A Canadian military SATCOM success

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wawryk, Ivan J.

The strategic threat to North America presented by modern, supersonic bombers and long range cruise missiles has stimulated a modernization of atmospheric defence capability. The North Warning System (NWS), employs a chain of microwave radars across the Arctic and down the east coast of Canada to provide tactical warning and attack assessment information to NORAD and its forces. The responsibility for NWS facilities construction and communications is allocated to Canada. Earlier investigations in Canada and the U.S. had confirmed that an all satellite communications system to link the 47 Canadian NWS radars to command and control centers was more economical than any terrestrial alternative. A project was undertaken by the Canadian Department of National Defence (DND) to acquire and install an integrated, digital satellite communications system for the NWS. This paper outlines the project background and procurement process. System requirements and specifications are discussed and the communications system is described in some detail. The communications equipment will be required to function unmanned in extreme Arctic conditions for extended periods. Specifications called for a long haul communications network (LHCN), a maintenance control system to monitor and control the equipment, and a suite of on-site communications for each location. The LHCN is a fully integrated, redundant satellite system which employs a transponder on each of the Anik D satellites. Either transponder can carry the full communications load. The system is configured as a star network with the hub at North Bay. Five remote stations and the North Bay facility have been built in phase one of the project; the second phase will see the construction of 36 unattended stations across the Arctic and down the Baffin Island and Labrador coasts.

Structural response to discrete and continuous gusts of an airplane having wing bending flexibility and a correlation of calculated and flight results

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Houbolt, John C; Kordes, Eldon E

1954-01-01

An analysis is made of the structural response to gusts of an airplane having the degrees of freedom of vertical motion and wing bending flexibility and basic parameters are established. A convenient and accurate numerical solution of the response equations is developed for the case of discrete-gust encounter, an exact solution is made for the simpler case of continuous-sinusoidal-gust encounter, and the procedure is outlined for treating the more realistic condition of continuous random atmospheric turbulence, based on the methods of generalized harmonic analysis. Correlation studies between flight and calculated results are then given to evaluate the influence of wing bending flexibility on the structural response to gusts of two twin-engine transports and one four-engine bomber. It is shown that calculated results obtained by means of a discrete-gust approach reveal the general nature of the flexibility effects and lead to qualitative correlation with flight results. In contrast, calculations by means of the continuous-turbulence approach show good quantitative correlation with flight results and indicate a much greater degree of resolution of the flexibility effects.

Altruistic suicide: a few reflections.

PubMed

Leenaars, Antoon A

2004-01-01

In the last few centuries, science has become arithmetic, tabular, taxonomic, to explain living creatures, chemical elements and even diseases of the mind. Emile Durkheim attempted to do the same with his enduring volume, Suicide: A Study of Sociology, first published in 1897. Durkheim showed that suicide could be divided into an order: egoistic, altruistic, anomic and fatalistic-here, we focus on the question, who is the altruistic suicide? Durkheim's additional question is raised: When is a motive praiseworthy and when not-when to be called altruistic or heroic, and when terrorist? Further study is warranted-and thus, this opening editorial to an array of studies on the topic, from antiquity to the Christian martyrs into this century, to the act of Sati in India, to the suicide bomber in the Moslem world.

Rethinking suicide bombing.

PubMed

Aggarwal, Neil

2009-01-01

Current issues in the emerging psychiatric literature on suicide bombing tend to center around the pathologies of suicide bombers and the role of psychiatry as an adequate tool for analysis. Attention to broader social science research may allow mental health professionals to develop more accurate models of behavior to explain and possibly prevent future attacks. The psychiatric literature on suicide bombing was reviewed and compared to similar anthropological literature. A probe into the methodologies of researching suicide bombing, definitions of "war" and "terrorism", and beliefs on life, death, homicide, and suicide demonstrate that most of the psychiatric literature reflects a particular perspective which aspires towards a certain universalism. Anthropological approaches can disclose standpoints taken for granted since any interventions with respect to suicide bombing must eventually account for values which are ultimately culturally determined.

Simulation of effect of anti-radar stealth principle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Borao; Xing, Shuchen; Li, Chunyi

1988-02-01

The paper presents simulation methods and results of the anti-radar stealth principle, proving that anti-radar stealth aircraft can drastically reduce the combat efficiency of an air defense radar system. In particular, when anti-radar stealth aircraft are coordinated with jamming as a self-defense soft weapon, the discovery probability, response time and hit rate of the air defense radar system are much lower, with extensive reduction in jamming power and maximum exposure distance of self-defense and long-range support. The paper describes an assumed combat situation and construction of a calculation model for the aircraft survival rate, as well as simulation results and analysis. Four figures show an enemy bomber attacking an airfield, as well as the effects of the radar effective reflecting surface on discovery probability, guidance radius, aircraft survival and exposure distance (for long-range support and jamming).

Did the defeat of Saddam Hussein reduce suicide bombing casualties and attacks in Israel? A statistical analysis.

PubMed

Schumm, Walter R

2004-12-01

It was hypothesized that one of the reasons for the U.S. invasion of Iraq was to stop the payments being made by Saddam Hussein to the families of suicide (homicide) bombers in Israel. The consequences of suicide (homicide) bombing attacks against Israel between March 2001 and August 2004 were evaluated as related to the time of the U.S. invasion of Iraq. On average per month during this period, there were fewer overall casualties after the invasion than before it. As many as nearly 1,100 casualties may have been prevented in Israel as a consequence of the U.S. invasion of Iraq, suggesting that at least one possible goal of the U.S. invasion may have been achieved, at least as averaged over the first 17 months after the invasion.

Chinese space and aviation industries score major breakthroughs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hu, R.

1986-01-01

An overview of the current status of China's aviation and aerospace industries is presented, as well as planned future development and areas of importance for China's future space programs. The development of China's CZ-1, CZ-2 and CZ-3 rocket program is discussed, as well as China's satellite launch capabilities. China's first geostationary communications satellite STW-1 is also mentioned, and further development of the second and third communications satellites to be launched in 1987 are shown. Other developments include a seventh low Earth orbiting photographic reconnaissance satellite, plans for an image transmitting remote sensing satellite to be launched in 1988 to 1990, and other satellite developments. The Chinese-designed Y-10 transport aircraft is discussed, as well as the TU-16 bomber aircraft and the co-production agreement with McDonnell Douglas for the MD-82 passenger aircraft.

What could they have been thinking? How sociotechnical system design influences cognition: a case study of the Stockwell shooting.

PubMed

Jenkins, Daniel P; Salmon, Paul M; Stanton, Neville A; Walker, Guy H; Rafferty, Laura

2011-02-01

Understanding why an individual acted in a certain way is of fundamental importance to the human factors community, especially when the choice of action results in an undesirable outcome. This challenge is typically tackled by applying retrospective interview techniques to generate models of what happened, recording deviations from a 'correct procedure'. While such approaches may have great utility in tightly constrained procedural environments, they are less applicable in complex sociotechnical systems that require individuals to modify procedures in real time to respond to a changing environment. For complex sociotechnical systems, a formative approach is required that maps the information available to the individual and considers its impact on performance and action. A context-specific, activity-independent, constraint-based model forms the basis of this approach. To illustrate, an example of the Stockwell shooting is used, where an innocent man, mistaken for a suicide bomber, was shot dead. Transferable findings are then presented. STATEMENT OF RELEVANCE: This paper presents a new approach that can be applied proactively to consider how sociotechnical system design, and the information available to an individual, can affect their performance. The approach is proposed to be complementary to the existing tools in the mental models phase of the cognitive work analysis framework.

High-sensitivity detection of triacetone triperoxide (TATP) and its precursor acetone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dunayevskiy, Ilya; Tsekoun, Alexei; Prasanna, Manu; Go, Rowel; Patel, C. Kumar N.

2007-09-01

Triacetone triperoxide (C9H18O6, molecular mass of 222.24 g/mol) (TATP) is a powerful explosive that is easy to synthesize using commonly available household chemicals, acetone, and hydrogen peroxide 1 2. Because of the simplicity of its synthesis, TATP is often the explosive of choice for terrorists, including suicide bombers. For providing safety to the population, early detection of TATP and isolation of such individuals are essential. We report unambiguous, high-sensitivity detection of TATP and its precursor, acetone, using room-temperature quantum cascade laser photoacoustic spectroscopy (QCL-PAS). The available sensitivity is such that TATP, carried on a person (at a nominal body temperature of 37 °C), should be detectable at some distance. The combination of demonstrated detection of TATP and acetone should be ideal for screening at airports and other public places for providing increased public safety.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Geelhood, Bruce D.; Wogman, Ned A.

In view of the terrorist threats to the United States, the country needs to consider new vectors and weapons related to nuclear and radiological threats against our homeland. The traditional threat vectors, missiles and bombers, have expanded to include threats arriving through the flow of commerce. The new commerce-related vectors include: sea cargo, truck cargo, rail cargo, air cargo, and passenger transport. The types of weapons have also expanded beyond nuclear war-heads to include radiation dispersal devices (RDD) or “dirty” bombs. The consequences of these nuclear and radiological threats are considered. The defense against undesirable materials enter-ing our borders ismore » considered. The radiation and other signatures of potential nuclear and radio-logical threats are examined along with potential sensors to discover undesirable items in the flow of commerce. Techniques to improve detection are considered. A strategy of primary and secondary screening is proposed to rapidly clear most cargo and carefully examine suspect cargo.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Geelhood, Bruce D.; Wogman, Ned A.

In view of the terrorist threats to the United States, the country needs to consider new vectors and weapons related to nuclear and radiological threats against our homeland. The traditional threat vectors, missiles and bombers, have expanded to include threats arriving through the flow of commerce. The new commerce-related vectors include: sea cargo, truck cargo, rail cargo, and passenger transport. The types of weapons have also expanded beyond nuclear warheads to include radiation dispersal devices (RDD) or ''dirty'' bombs. The consequences of these nuclear and radiological threats are considered. The defense against undesirable materials entering our borders is considered. Themore » radiation and other signatures or potential nuclear and radiological threats are examined along with potential sensors to discover undesirable items in the flow of commerce. Techniques to improve detection are considered. A strategy of primary and secondary screening is proposed to rapidly clear most cargo and carefully examine suspect cargo.« less

Effects of control laws and relaxed static stability on vertical ride quality of flexible aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Roberts, P. A.; Swaim, R. L.; Schmidt, D. K.; Hinsdale, A. J.

1977-01-01

State variable techniques are utilized to generate the RMS vertical load factors for the B-52H and B-1 bombers at low level, mission critical, cruise conditions. A ride quality index is proposed to provide meaningful comparisons between different controls or conditions. Ride quality is shown to be relatively invariant under various popular control laws. Handling quality variations are shown to be major contributors to ride quality variations on both vehicles. Relaxed static stability is artificially implemented on the study vehicles to investigate its effects on ride quality. The B-52H ride quality is generally degraded when handling characteristics are automatically restored by a feedback control to the original values from relaxed stability conditions. The B-1 airplane shows little ride quality sensitivity to the same analysis due to the small rigid body contribution to load factors at the flight condition investigated.

Global Warming or Terrorism—Which One Should We Be Most Concerned About?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Waite, Michael

2007-10-01

The direct effects of terrorism on Australians have been small. We lost 88 Australians in the Bali terror bombings of 2002. However, the effect on other parts of the world have been greater, with 2973 people killed in New York after al-Qaeda bombers flew into the World Trade Centre, 198 people losing their lives (1400 injured) to terrorist bombs in Madrid and about 50 in London. In total, about 40,000 individuals worldwide were either killed or wounded by terrorist attacks in 2005. However, we should put these figures into context and perspective. In 2005, 1635 Australians were killed in road fatalities. Since record-keeping began in 1925, there have been over 169,000 road fatalities in Australia. There were 254 people murdered in Australia in 2004. More dramatically, in comparison to the 88 Australians killed, or even the 3200 killed in 911, Madrid and London combined, let us look to the potential for loss of life and other effects from Climate Change. Hurricane Katrina, which hit New Orleans in the US, killed 1300 people in January 2006 and the recent Phillipines mudslide killed about 1800. On an even greater scale, if Greenland melted, or the ice of Greenland broke up and slipped into the sea, or half of Greenland and half of Antarctica melted or broke up and slipped into the sea, sea levels worldwide would increase by 5-7 metres. In Beijing, 20 million people would have to be evacuated. In Shanghai and the surrounding area, 40 million people would be forced to move. 60 million people would be displaced in Calcutta and Bangladesh—120 million people displaced in these areas alone. The scourge of terrorism is real and important, but climate change has the potential to end life on Earth as we know it, within the lifetimes of our children. In my opinion, it is actually far more important, in that context, than terrorism.

33 CFR 334.630 - Tampa Bay south of MacDill Air Force Base, Fla.; small-arms firing range and aircraft jettison, U...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Force Base, Fla.; small-arms firing range and aircraft jettison, U.S. Air Force, MacDill Air Force Base... Force Base, Fla.; small-arms firing range and aircraft jettison, U.S. Air Force, MacDill Air Force Base...″, longitude 82°33′02.44″; and thence to a point on the shore line of MacDill Air Force Base at latitude 27°50...

Toward a defense-dominated world

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wood, L.

1993-08-01

Maintaining the large-scale peace in a defense-dominated world necessarily will require not only passive but also active defenses against large-scale aggression that are technically feasible, practical and easy to employ -- and robust against perversion into support of aggression. Such peace maintenance tool-sets will feature means for effectively rebuking aggression as well as providing timely and very widely available seaming of aggression underway anywhere. This report discusses the technology base which currently exists to provide world-wide, high-quality imagery at moderate (5--10 meter) spatial resolution or imagery of 1% of the Earth`s land surface at high ({le} 1 meter) resolution nomore » less frequently than daily, at a total cost of the order of $1 B, with operational capability in the later `90s. Such systems could provide timely warning of aggressive actions anywhere. Similarly, space-based means of defeating aggression conducted with even quite short-range ballistic missiles anywhere in the world could be brought into existence by the end of the `90s for a total cost of about $10 B, and small high-altitude, long flight-duration robotic aircraft carrying high-performance sensors and interceptor missilery could provide both seaming and active defenses against attacks conducted with very short range ballistic missiles, as well as attacks launched with air-breathing threats such as bombers and cruise missiles, for a cost per defended area of the order of $10/km{sup 2}. It appears that all of the associated sensors can find apt dual-use as high-performance systems for monitoring physical aspects of the human environment.« less

Advanced Configurations for Very Large Subsonic Transport Airplanes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

McMasters, John H.; Paisley, David J.; Hubert, Richard J.; Kroo, Ilan; Bofah, Kwasi K.; Sullivan, John P.; Drela, Mark

1996-01-01

Recent aerospace industry interest in developing a subsonic commercial transport airplane with 50 percent greater passenger capacity than the largest existing aircraft in this category (the Boeing 747-400 with approximately 400-450 seats) has generated a range of proposals based largely on the configuration paradigm established nearly 50 years ago with the Boeing B-47 bomber. While this basic configuration paradigm has come to dominate subsonic commercial airplane development since the advent of the Boeing 707/Douglas DC-8 in the mid-1950's, its extrapolation to the size required to carry more than 600-700 passengers raises several questions. To explore these and a number of related issues, a team of Boeing, university, and NASA engineers was formed under the auspices of the NASA Advanced Concepts Program. The results of a Research Analysis focused on a large, unconventional transport airplane configuration for which Boeing has applied for a patent are the subject of this report. It should be noted here that this study has been conducted independently of the Boeing New Large Airplane (NLA) program, and with the exception of some generic analysis tools which may be common to this effort and the NLA (as will be described later), no explicit Boeing NLA data other than that published in the open literature has been used in the conduct of the study reported here.

33 CFR 334.630 - Tampa Bay south of MacDill Air Force Base, Fla.; small-arms firing range and aircraft jettison, U...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Tampa Bay south of MacDill Air Force Base, Fla.; small-arms firing range and aircraft jettison, U.S. Air Force, MacDill Air Force Base... Force Base, Fla.; small-arms firing range and aircraft jettison, U.S. Air Force, MacDill Air Force Base...

33 CFR 334.630 - Tampa Bay south of MacDill Air Force Base, Fla.; small-arms firing range and aircraft jettison, U...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Tampa Bay south of MacDill Air Force Base, Fla.; small-arms firing range and aircraft jettison, U.S. Air Force, MacDill Air Force Base... Force Base, Fla.; small-arms firing range and aircraft jettison, U.S. Air Force, MacDill Air Force Base...

33 CFR 334.630 - Tampa Bay south of MacDill Air Force Base, Fla.; small-arms firing range and aircraft jettison, U...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Tampa Bay south of MacDill Air Force Base, Fla.; small-arms firing range and aircraft jettison, U.S. Air Force, MacDill Air Force Base... Force Base, Fla.; small-arms firing range and aircraft jettison, U.S. Air Force, MacDill Air Force Base...

33 CFR 334.630 - Tampa Bay south of MacDill Air Force Base, Fla.; small-arms firing range and aircraft jettison, U...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Tampa Bay south of MacDill Air Force Base, Fla.; small-arms firing range and aircraft jettison, U.S. Air Force, MacDill Air Force Base... Force Base, Fla.; small-arms firing range and aircraft jettison, U.S. Air Force, MacDill Air Force Base...

Theory of Near-Field Scanning with a Probe Array

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-01-01

AIR FORCE RESEARCH LABORATORY SENSORS DIRECTORATE WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE, OH 45433-7320 AIR FORCE MATERIEL COMMAND...AFRL/RYMH) Sensors Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433-7320 Air Force Materiel Command, United...S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY ACRONYM(S) Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors Directorate Wright-Patterson Air Force Base

B-52 Testing F-111 Parachute

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1988-01-01

The main parachute begins to deploy on the mock-up of an F-111 'Aardvark' bomber cockpit section after being dropped from NASA's B-52 mothership during 1988 flight tests on improved parachute systems for the Air Force bomber. The F-111's ejection system separated the entire cockpit from the rest of the aircraft, and a large parachute was then deployed to lower the cockpit section to the ground. NASA B-52, Tail Number 008, is an air launch carrier aircraft, 'mothership,' as well as a research aircraft platform that has been used on a variety of research projects. The aircraft, a 'B' model built in 1952 and first flown on June 11, 1955, is the oldest B-52 in flying status and has been used on some of the most significant research projects in aerospace history. Some of the significant projects supported by B-52 008 include the X-15, the lifting bodies, HiMAT (highly maneuverable aircraft technology), Pegasus, validation of parachute systems developed for the space shuttle program (solid-rocket-booster recovery system and the orbiter drag chute system), and the X-38. The B-52 served as the launch vehicle on 106 X-15 flights and flew a total of 159 captive-carry and launch missions in support of that program from June 1959 to October 1968. Information gained from the highly successful X-15 program contributed to the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo human spaceflight programs as well as space shuttle development. Between 1966 and 1975, the B-52 served as the launch aircraft for 127 of the 144 wingless lifting body flights. In the 1970s and 1980s, the B-52 was the launch aircraft for several aircraft at what is now the Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California, to study spin-stall, high-angle-of attack, and maneuvering characteristics. These included the 3/8-scale F-15/spin research vehicle (SRV), the HiMAT (Highly Maneuverable Aircraft Technology) research vehicle, and the DAST (drones for aerodynamic and structural testing). The aircraft supported the development of parachute recovery systems used to recover the space shuttle solid rocket booster casings. It also supported eight orbiter (space shuttle) drag chute tests in 1990. In addition, the B-52 served as the air launch platform for the first six Pegasus space boosters. During its many years of service, the B-52 has undergone several modifications. The first major modification was made by North American Aviation (now part of Boeing) in support of the X-15 program. This involved creating a launch-panel-operator station for monitoring the status of the test vehicle being carried, cutting a large notch in the right inboard wing flap to accommodate the vertical tail of the X-15 aircraft, and installing a wing pylon that enables the B-52 to carry research vehicles and test articles to be air-launched/dropped. Located on the right wing, between the inboard engine pylon and the fuselage, this wing pylon was subjected to extensive testing prior to its use. For each test vehicle the B-52 carried, minor changes were made to the launch-panel operator's station. Built originally by the Boeing Company, the NASA B-52 is powered by eight Pratt & Whitney J57-19 turbojet engines, each of which produce 12,000 pounds of thrust. The aircraft's normal launch speed has been Mach 0.8 (about 530 miles per hour) and its normal drop altitude has been 40,000 to 45,000 feet. It is 156 feet long and has a wing span of 185 feet. The heaviest load it has carried was the No. 2 X-15 aircraft at 53,100 pounds. Project manager for the aircraft is Roy Bryant.

Environmental Assessment: General Plan-Based Environmental Impact Analysis Process, Laughlin Air Force Base

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-05-01

BASED ENVIROMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS PROCESS LAUGHLIN AIR FORCE BASE, TEXAS AGENCY: 47th Flying Training Wing (FTW), Laughlin Air Force Base (AFB), Texas...8217\\ \\ \\ \\ \\\\ \\ ~ >(- \\ , ~ AOC01 \\ PS018 / WP002 \\ DP008 // WP006 \\ ~ ,/ ’----- -----·-------------~--/·/ LAUGHLIN AIR FORCE BASE ENVIROMENTAL RESTORATION

United States Air Force Summer Research Program -- 1993. Volume 3. Phillips Laboratory

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-12-01

PHILLIPS LABORATORY KIRTLAND AIR FORCE BASE, NEW MEXICO SPONSORED BY: AIR FORCE OFFICE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ROLLING AIR FORCE BASE, WASHINGTON ,D.C...Report for. Summer Faculty Research Program at Phillips Laboratory Kirtland Air Force Base Sponsored by: Air Force Offlce of Scientific Research ...Prcgram Phillips Laboratory Kirtland

Air Force Weapons Laboratory Computational Requirements for 1976 Through 1980

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-01-01

Air Force Weapons Laboratory , Attn: DYS, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117...final report was prepared by the Air Force Weapons Laboratory , Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico under Job Order 06CB. Dr. Clifford E. Rhoades, Jr... Force Base, New Mexico 87117 62601F, 06CB II. CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESS Ai"- Force Weapons Laboratory / Jan 1076 Kirtland Air Force Base,

Environmental Assessment, Balloon Launch and Landing Operations, Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-01

Force Research Laboratory , Space Vehicles Directorate ( AFRL /RV) located at Kirtland Air Force Base is preparing an Environmental Assessment (EA) for...United States Air Force Research Laboratory , Space Vehicles Directorate ( AFRL /RV) located at Kirtland Air Force Base is preparing an Environmental...United States Air Force Research Laboratory , Space Vehicles Directorate ( AFRL

Millimeter wave imaging for concealed weapon detection and surveillance at up to 220 GHz

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stanko, S.; Nötel, D.; Huck, J.; Wirtz, S.; Klöppel, F.; Essen, H.

2008-04-01

Sensors used for security purposes have to cover the non-invasive control of men and direct surroundings of buildings and camps to detect weapons, explosives and chemical or biological threat material. Those sensors have to cope with different environmental conditions. Ideally, the control of people has to be done at a longer distance as standoff detection. The work described in this paper concentrates on passive radiometric sensors at 0.1 and 0.2 THz which are able to detect non-metallic objects like ceramic knifes. Also the identification of objects like mobile phones or PDAs will be shown. Additionally, standoff surveillance is possible, which is of high importance with regard to suicide bombers. The presentation will include images at both mentioned frequencies comparing the efficiency in terms of range and resolution. In addition, the concept of the sensor design showing a Dicke-type 220GHz radiometer using new LNAs and the results along with image enhancement methods are shown. 2.1 Main principle

A low cost maritime control aircraft-ship-weapons system. [antiship missile defense

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fluk, H.

1981-01-01

It is pointed out that the long-range antiship standoff missile is emerging as the foremost threat on the seas. Delivered by high speed bombers, surface ships, and submarines, a missile attack can be mounted against selected targets from any point on the compass. An investigation is conducted regarding the configuration of a system which could most efficiently identify and destroy standoff threats before they launch their weapons. It is found that by using ships for carrying and launching missiles, and employing aircraft with a powerful radar only for search and missile directing operations, aircraft cost and weight can be greatly reduced. The employment of V/STOL aircraft in preference to other types of aircraft makes it possible to use ships of smaller size for carrying the aircraft. However, in order to obtain an all-weather operational capability for the system, ships are selected which are still big enough to display the required stability in heavy seas.

Determination of the 240Pu/ 239Pu atomic ratio in soils from Palomares (Spain) by low-energy accelerator mass spectrometry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chamizo, E.; García-León, M.; Synal, H.-A.; Suter, M.; Wacker, L.

2006-08-01

In 1966, the nuclear fuel of two thermonuclear bombs was released over the Spanish region of Palomares, due to a B52 bomber accident during a refuelling operation. Since then, much effort has been made to assess its impact to the different environmental compartments of this area in South-East Spain, mostly by measuring the 239+240Pu activity concentration and the 238Pu/239+240Pu activity ratio. Nevertheless, these measurements do not give enough information on the problem. In order to recognize unambiguously small traces of the weapon-grade plutonium released in the accident, the ratio of the two major isotopes of plutonium, 240Pu/239Pu, has to be determined. In this work, this ratio has been measured in low- and high-activity samples from Palomares by means of low-energy accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). That way, we will show the potential of the new generation of compact AMS facilities in terms of plutonium characterization at ultra-trace levels.

Potential benefits of magnetic suspension and balance systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lawing, Pierce L.; Dress, David A.; Kilgore, Robert A.

1987-01-01

The potential of Magnetic Suspension and Balance Systems (MSBS) to improve conventional wind tunnel testing techniques is discussed. Topics include: elimination of model geometry distortion and support interference to improve the measurement accuracy of aerodynamic coefficients; removal of testing restrictions due to supports; improved dynamic stability data; and stores separation testing. Substantial increases in wind tunnel productivity are anticipated due to the coalescence of these improvements. Specific improvements in testing methods for missiles, helicopters, fighter aircraft, twin fuselage transports and bombers, state separation, water tunnels, and automobiles are also forecast. In a more speculative vein, new wind tunnel test techniques are envisioned as a result of applying MSBS, including free-flight computer trajectories in the test section, pilot-in-the-loop and designer-in-the-loop testing, shipboard missile launch simulation, and optimization of hybrid hypersonic configurations. Also addressed are potential applications of MSBS to such diverse technologies as medical research and practice, industrial robotics, space weaponry, and ore processing in space.

X-2 in flight after drop from B-50 mothership

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1956-01-01

The Bell Aircraft Company X-2 (46-674) drops away from its Boeing B-50 mothership in this photo. Lt. Col. Frank 'Pete' Everest piloted 674 on its first unpowered flight on 5 August 1954. He made the first rocket-powered flight on 18 November 1955. Everest made the first supersonic X-2 flight in 674 on 25 April 1956, achieving a speed of Mach 1.40. In July, he reached Mach 2.87, just short of the Mach 3 goal. The other X-2, 675, was written off prior to making any powered flights. An explosion during a captive flight resulted in the death of Bell test pilot Jean 'Skip' Ziegler. The X-2 was jettisoned over Lake Ontario, and the launch aircraft was damaged beyond repair. The first X-2, 674, continued flying, making a total of 17 launches. On 7 September 1956, Capt. Iven Kincheloe became the first man to exceed 100,000 feet when he reached an altitude of 126,200 feet in 674. The X-2, initially an Air Force program, was scheduled to be transferred to the civilian National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) for scientific research. The Air Force delayed turning the aircraft over to the NACA in the hope of attaining Mach 3 in the airplane. The service requested and received a two-month extension to qualify another Air Force test pilot, Capt. Miburn 'Mel' Apt, in the X-2 and attempt to exceed Mach 3. After several ground briefings in the simulator, Apt (with no previous rocket plane experience) made his flight on 27 September 1956. Apt raced away from the B-50 under full power, quickly outdistancing the F-100 chase planes. At high altitude, he nosed over, accelerating rapidly. The X-2 reached Mach 3.2 (2,094 mph) at 65,000 feet. Apt became the first man to fly more than three times the speed of sound. Still above Mach 3, he began an abrupt turn back to Edwards. This maneuver proved fatal as the X-2 began a series of diverging rolls and tumbled out of control. Apt tried to regain control of the aircraft. Unable to do so, Apt separated the escape capsule. Too late, he attempted to bail out and was killed when the capsule impacted on the Edwards bombing range. The rest of the X-2 crashed five miles away. The X-2 was a swept-wing, rocket-powered aircraft designed to fly faster than Mach 3 (three times the speed of sound). It was built for the U.S. Air Force by the Bell Aircraft Company, Buffalo, New York. The X-2 was flown to investigate the problems of aerodynamic heating as well as stability and control effectiveness at high altitudes and high speeds (in excess of Mach 3). Bell aircraft built two X-2 aircraft. These were constructed of K-monel (a copper and nickel alloy) for the fuselage and stainless steel for the swept wings and control surfaces. The aircraft had ejectable nose capsules instead of ejection seats because the development of ejection seats had not reached maturity at the time the X-2 was conceived. The X-2 ejection canopy was successfully tested using a German V-2 rocket. The X-2 used a skid-type landing gear to make room for more fuel. The airplane was air launched from a modified Boeing B-50 Superfortress Bomber. X-2 Number 1 made its first unpowered glide flight on Aug. 5, 1954, and made a total of 17 (4 glide and 13 powered) flights before it was lost Sept. 27, 1956. The pilot on Flight 17, Capt. Milburn Apt, had flown the aircraft to a record speed of Mach 3.2 (2,094 mph), thus becoming the first person to exceed Mach 3. During that last flight, inertial coupling occurred and the pilot was killed. The aircraft suffered little damage in the crash, resulting in proposals (never implemented) from the Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory, Hampton, Virginia, to rebuild it for use in a hypersonic (Mach 5+) test program. In 1953, X-2 Number 2 was lost in an in-flight explosion while at the Bell Aircraft Company during captive flight trials and was jettisoned into Lake Ontario. The Air Force had previously flown the aircraft on three glide flights at Edwards Air Force Base, California, in 1952. Although the NACA's High-Speed Flight Station, Edwards, California, (predecessor of NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center) never actually flew the X-2 aircraft, the NACA did support the program primarily through Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory wind-tunnel tests and Wallops Island, Virginia, rocket-model tests. The NACA High-Speed Flight Station also provided stability and control recording instrumentation and simulator support for the Air Force flights. In the latter regard, the NACA worked with the Air Force in using a special computer to extrapolate and predict aircraft behavior from flight data.

Prophylaxis for blood-borne diseases during the London 7/7 mass casualty terrorist bombing: a review and the role of bioethics.

PubMed

Edwards, Dafydd S; Barnett-Vanes, A; Narayan, N; Patel, H D L

2016-10-01

The suicide bombings in London on 7 July 2005 resulted in a mass casualty situation. Over 50% of casualties were treated at the Royal London Hospital where clinicians witnessed large numbers of severely injured patients. In some casualties human biological foreign material was found embedded in the soft tissue originating from the suicide bombers or other casualties. This had the potential of placing individuals at risk of transmission of blood-borne diseases. Advances in the fields of medicine and biology have led to increased survivorship in the context of trauma and mass casualty incidents. This has resulted in the emergence of ethical scenarios surrounding patient management. A systematic review of the literature of the 7/7 bombings, and suicide bombings reported globally, where biological implantation is noted, was performed to examine the medicolegal issues arising during such attack. Twelve casualties with human tissue implanted were recorded in the 7/7 bombings. While all patients at risk were given prophylaxis based on recommendations by the Health Protection Agency, several ethical considerations surfaced as a result. In this paper, we compare the sequence of events and the management process of the victims of the 7/7 bombings and the evidence-based research regarding blood-borne infection transmission. Furthermore, it explores the ethical dilemmas, experienced by the senior author on 7/7, surrounding prophylaxis for blood-borne diseases and protocols to avoid confusion over best practice in future bombing incidents. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/

Characterization of U/Pu Particles Originating From the Nuclear Weapon Accidents at Palomares, Spain, 1966 And Thule, Greenland, 1968

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lind, O.C.; Salbu, B.; Janssens, K.

2007-07-10

Following the USAF B-52 bomber accidents at Palomares, Spain in 1966 and at Thule, Greenland in 1968, radioactive particles containing uranium (U) and plutonium (Pu) were dispersed into the environment. To improve long-term environmental impact assessments for the contaminated ecosystems, particles from the two sites have been isolated and characterized with respect to properties influencing particle weathering rates. Low [239]Pu/[235]U (0.62-0.78) and [240]Pu/[239]Pu (0.055-0.061) atom ratios in individual particles from both sites obtained by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) show that the particles contain highly enriched U and weapon-grade Pu. Furthermore, results from electron microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-raymore » analysis (EDX) and synchrotron radiation (SR) based micrometer-scale X-ray fluorescence ({micro}-XRF) 2D mapping demonstrated that U and Pu coexist throughout the 1-50 {micro}m sized particles, while surface heterogeneities were observed in EDX line scans. SR-based micrometer-scale X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure Spectroscopy ({micro}-XANES) showed that the particles consisted of an oxide mixture of U (predominately UO[2] with the presence ofU[3][8]) and Pu ((III)/(IV), (V)/(V) or (III), (IV) and (V)). Neither metallic U or Pu nor uranyl or Pu(VI) could be observed. Characteristics such as elemental distributions, morphology and oxidation states are remarkably similar for the Palomares and Thule particles, reflecting that they originate from similar source and release scenarios. Thus, these particle characteristics are more dependent on the original material from which the particles are derived (source) and the formation of particles (release scenario) than the environmental conditions to which the particles have been exposed since the late 1960s.« less

Hazardous waste: Siting of storage facility at Kelly Air Force Base, Texas

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1987-01-01

This report provides information on whether the hazardous waste storage facility at Kelly Air Force Base meets Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, state, and Air Force siting requirements; on whether the Air Force or the Defense Reutilization and Marketing Office selected the best site available to protect the public and to preserve good public relations with the community; on whether the Air Force, Kelly Air Force Base, or the Defense Logistics Agency adjusted siting standards as a result of the adverse publicity the hazardous waste facility has generated; and on whether Kelly Air Force Base is revising its hazardous wastemore » management organization so that it is similar to the organizations at Tinker and McClellan Air Force Bases.« less

Units

Science.gov Websites

Maxwell Air Force Base Maxwell Air Force Base Join the Air Force Home News AF News Commentaries Services SAPR FOIA Retiree Activities Office Centennial Search Maxwell Air Force Base: Home > Units Site

Defense.gov - Special Report - Travels With Gates

Science.gov Websites

Force Base, Ala. Story» Warfighter Care at Center of 2010 Budget Considerations MAXWELL AIR FORCE BASE , Ala., April 15, 2009 – Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates met at Maxwell Air Force Base, Ala., with the U.S. Air Force Air War College on Maxwell Air Force Base, Ala., listen to Defense Secretary Robert

AFWL Standards for Scientific and Technical Reports.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-04-01

Air Force Weapons Laboratory , Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico, under...PROGRAM ELEMEN T PROJECT TASK AREA & WORK UNIT NUMBERS Air Force Weapons Laboratory (SUR) Kirtland Air Force Base, NM 87117 62601F/99930000 I. CONTROLLING...OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESS 12 REPORT DATE Air Force Weapons Laboratory (SUR) April 1980 Kirtland Air Force Base, NM 87117 13. NUMBER OF PAGES 72

33 CFR 334.590 - Atlantic Ocean off Cape Canaveral, Fla.; Air Force missile testing area, Patrick Air Force Base...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., Fla.; Air Force missile testing area, Patrick Air Force Base, Fla. 334.590 Section 334.590 Navigation... RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.590 Atlantic Ocean off Cape Canaveral, Fla.; Air Force missile testing area, Patrick Air Force Base, Fla. (a) The danger zone. An area in the Atlantic Ocean immediately offshore from...

Suicide Bombing Attacks

PubMed Central

Almogy, Gidon; Belzberg, Howard; Mintz, Yoaz; Pikarsky, Alon K.; Zamir, Gideon; Rivkind, Avraham I.

2004-01-01

Objective: To review the experience of a large-volume trauma center in managing and treating casualties of suicide bombing attacks. Summary Background Data: The threat of suicide bombing attacks has escalated worldwide. The ability of the suicide bomber to deliver a relatively large explosive load accompanied by heavy shrapnel to the proximity of his or her victims has caused devastating effects. Methods: The authors reviewed and analyzed the experience obtained in treating victims of suicide bombings at the level I trauma center of the Hadassah University Hospital in Jerusalem, Israel from 2000 to 2003. Results: Evacuation is usually rapid due to the urban setting of these attacks. Numerous casualties are brought into the emergency department over a short period. The setting in which the device is detonated has implications on the type of injuries sustained by survivors. The injuries sustained by victims of suicide bombing attacks in semi-confined spaces are characterized by the degree and extent of widespread tissue damage and include multiple penetrating wounds of varying severity and location, blast injury, and burns. Conclusions: The approach to victims of suicide bombings is based on the guidelines for trauma management. Attention is given to the moderately injured, as these patients may harbor immediate life-threatening injuries. The concept of damage control can be modified to include rapid packing of multiple soft-tissue entry sites. Optimal utilization of manpower and resources is achieved by recruiting all available personnel, adopting a predetermined plan, and a centrally coordinated approach. Suicide bombing attacks seriously challenge the most experienced medical facilities. PMID:15075644

Suicide bombing attacks: update and modifications to the protocol.

PubMed

Almogy, Gidon; Belzberg, Howard; Mintz, Yoaz; Pikarsky, Alon K; Zamir, Gideon; Rivkind, Avraham I

2004-03-01

To review the experience of a large-volume trauma center in managing and treating casualties of suicide bombing attacks. The threat of suicide bombing attacks has escalated worldwide. The ability of the suicide bomber to deliver a relatively large explosive load accompanied by heavy shrapnel to the proximity of his or her victims has caused devastating effects. The authors reviewed and analyzed the experience obtained in treating victims of suicide bombings at the level I trauma center of the Hadassah University Hospital in Jerusalem, Israel from 2000 to 2003. Evacuation is usually rapid due to the urban setting of these attacks. Numerous casualties are brought into the emergency department over a short period. The setting in which the device is detonated has implications on the type of injuries sustained by survivors. The injuries sustained by victims of suicide bombing attacks in semi-confined spaces are characterized by the degree and extent of widespread tissue damage and include multiple penetrating wounds of varying severity and location, blast injury, and burns. The approach to victims of suicide bombings is based on the guidelines for trauma management. Attention is given to the moderately injured, as these patients may harbor immediate life-threatening injuries. The concept of damage control can be modified to include rapid packing of multiple soft-tissue entry sites. Optimal utilization of manpower and resources is achieved by recruiting all available personnel, adopting a predetermined plan, and a centrally coordinated approach. Suicide bombing attacks seriously challenge the most experienced medical facilities.

United States Air Force Summer Research Program -- 1993. Volume 13. Phillips Laboratory

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-12-01

Research Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, NM August 1993 14-1 My Summer Apprenticeship At Kirtland Air Force Base, Phillips Laboratory Andrea Garcia...AFOSR Summer Research Program Phillips Laboratory Sponsored By: Air Force Office of Scientific Research Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, NM... Phillips Laboratory Sponsored by: Air

Strategic Defense Initiative Demonstration/Validation Program: Environmental Assessments Summary

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-08-01

TECHNOLOGY TESTS BY FACILITY TECHNOLOGY FACILITY BSTS SSTS GSTS SBI ERIS BM/C 3 Alabama Advanced Research Center A,S,C * California Edwards Air Force Base...Alabama - Advanced Research Center o California - Edwards Air Force Base o Florida - Eglin Air Force Base Kennedy Space Center o Maryland - Harry Diamond...BSTS SSTS GSTS SBI ERIS BM/C 3 Alabama Advanced Research Center A,S,C * California Edwards Air Force Base C Vandenberg Air Force Base/ F (1) F (2) F( 2

USAF Summer Research Program - 1993 Summer Research Extension Program Final Reports, Volume 2, Phillips Laboratory

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-11-01

Research Extension Program Phillips Laboratory Kirtland Air Force Base Sponsored by: Air Force Office of Scientific Research Boiling Air Force Base...Program Phillips Laboratory Sponsored by: Air Force Office of Scientific Research Bolling Air Force Base, Washington, D.C. and Arkansas Tech University...Summer Research Extension Program (SREP) Phillips

Summer Research Program (1992). Summer Faculty Research Program (SFRP) Reports. Volume 3. Phillips Laboratory.

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-12-28

Phillips Laboratory Kirtland Air Force Base NM 87117-6008 Sponsored by: Air Force Office of Scientific Research Bolling Air Force Base...Zindel, D.: 1963, Z. Astrophys. 57, 82. 29-13 FINAL REPORT SUMMER FACULTY RESEARCH PROGRAM AT PHILLIPS LABORATORY KIRTLAND AIR FORCE BASE...Program Phillips Laboratory Sponsored by: Air Force Office of Scientific

Multistage Force Amplification of Piezoelectric Stacks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Xu, Tian-Bing (Inventor); Siochi, Emilie J. (Inventor); Zuo, Lei (Inventor); Jiang, Xiaoning (Inventor); Kang, Jin Ho (Inventor)

2015-01-01

Embodiments of the disclosure include an apparatus and methods for using a piezoelectric device, that includes an outer flextensional casing, a first cell and a last cell serially coupled to each other and coupled to the outer flextensional casing such that each cell having a flextensional cell structure and each cell receives an input force and provides an output force that is amplified based on the input force. The apparatus further includes a piezoelectric stack coupled to each cell such that the piezoelectric stack of each cell provides piezoelectric energy based on the output force for each cell. Further, the last cell receives an input force that is the output force from the first cell and the last cell provides an output apparatus force In addition, the piezoelectric energy harvested is based on the output apparatus force. Moreover, the apparatus provides displacement based on the output apparatus force.

PSE Aysis of Crossflow Instability on HifIre-5B Flight Test

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-06-05

AIR FORCE RESEARCH LABORATORY AEROSPACE SYSTEMS DIRECTORATE WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE, OH 45433-7542 AIR FORCE MATERIEL COMMAND UNITED...Air Force Research Laboratory, Aerospace Systems Directorate Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433-7542 Air Force Materiel Command, United...States Air Force 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING Air Force Research Laboratory Aerospace Systems

Developments in Airborne Oceanography and Air-Sea Interaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Melville, W. K.

2014-12-01

One of the earliest ocean-related flights was that of Amundsen to be first across the North Pole and Arctic from Svalbard to Alaska in the airship Norge in 1926. Twenty five years later Cox & Munk flew a B-17G "Flying Fortress" bomber over Hawaiian waters measuring sea surface slope statistics from photographs of sun glitter and wind speed from a yacht. The value of Cox & Munk's "airborne oceanography" became apparent another twenty five years later with the short-lived Seasat microwave remote-sensing mission, since interpretation of the Seasat data in geophysical variables required scattering theories that relied on their data. The universal acceptance of remote sensing in oceanography began in 1992 with the launch of, and successful analysis of sea surface height data from, the Topex/Poseidon radar altimeter. With that and the development of more realistic coupled atmosphere-ocean models it became apparent that our understanding of weather and climate variability in both the atmosphere and the ocean depends crucially on our ability to measure processes in boundary layers spanning the interface. Ten years ago UNOLS formed the Scientific Committee for Oceanographic Aircraft Research (SCOAR) "...to improve access to research aircraft facilities for ocean sciences"; an attempt to make access to aircraft as easy as access to research vessels. SCOAR emphasized then that "Aircraft are ideal for both fast-response investigations and routine, long-term measurements, and they naturally combine atmospheric measurements with oceanographic measurements on similar temporal and spatial scales." Since then developments in GPS positioning and miniaturization have made scientific measurements possible from smaller and smaller platforms, including the transition from manned to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Furthermore, ship-launched and recovered UAVs have demonstrated how they can enhance the capabilities and reach of the research vessels, "projecting" research and science, just as aircraft carriers "project force". Now we can measure winds, waves, temperatures, currents, radiative transfer, images and air-sea fluxes from aircraft over the ocean.I will review some of the history of airborne oceanography and present examples of how it can extend our knowledge and understanding of air-sea interaction.

Environmental Assessment for Air Force Research Laboratory Space Vehicles Integrated Experiments Division Office Space at Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, New Mexico

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-06-01

AIR FORCE RESEARCH LABORATORY SPACE VEHICLES INTEGRATED EXPERMENTS DIVISION OFFICE SPACE AT KIRTLAND AIR FORCE ... Kirtland Air Force Base (KAFB). The office building would house the Air Force Research Laboratory Space Vehicles Integrated Experiments Division...ADDRESS(ES) Air Force Research Laboratory ,Space Vehicles Directorate,3550 Aberdeen Ave. SE, Kirtland

Three-dimensional Crack Depth Profile Assessment using Near-Field Surface Acoustic Wave Signal Response (Postprint)

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-02-01

release; distribution unlimited. See additional restrictions described on inside pages STINFO COPY AIR FORCE RESEARCH...LABORATORY MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE, OH 45433-7750 AIR FORCE MATERIEL COMMAND UNITED STATES AIR FORCE...AFRL/RXLP) Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433-7750 Air Force

33 CFR 334.590 - Atlantic Ocean off Cape Canaveral, Fla.; Air Force missile testing area, Patrick Air Force Base...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., Fla.; Air Force missile testing area, Patrick Air Force Base, Fla. 334.590 Section 334.590 Navigation... RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.590 Atlantic Ocean off Cape Canaveral, Fla.; Air Force missile testing area... during firing periods to be specified by the Commander, Air Force Missile Test Center, Patrick Air Force...

33 CFR 334.590 - Atlantic Ocean off Cape Canaveral, Fla.; Air Force missile testing area, Patrick Air Force Base...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., Fla.; Air Force missile testing area, Patrick Air Force Base, Fla. 334.590 Section 334.590 Navigation... RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.590 Atlantic Ocean off Cape Canaveral, Fla.; Air Force missile testing area... during firing periods to be specified by the Commander, Air Force Missile Test Center, Patrick Air Force...

33 CFR 334.590 - Atlantic Ocean off Cape Canaveral, Fla.; Air Force missile testing area, Patrick Air Force Base...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., Fla.; Air Force missile testing area, Patrick Air Force Base, Fla. 334.590 Section 334.590 Navigation... RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.590 Atlantic Ocean off Cape Canaveral, Fla.; Air Force missile testing area... during firing periods to be specified by the Commander, Air Force Missile Test Center, Patrick Air Force...

33 CFR 334.590 - Atlantic Ocean off Cape Canaveral, Fla.; Air Force missile testing area, Patrick Air Force Base...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., Fla.; Air Force missile testing area, Patrick Air Force Base, Fla. 334.590 Section 334.590 Navigation... RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.590 Atlantic Ocean off Cape Canaveral, Fla.; Air Force missile testing area... during firing periods to be specified by the Commander, Air Force Missile Test Center, Patrick Air Force...

Ground-Based Midcourse Defense (GMD) Initial Defensive Operations Capability (IDOC) at Vandenberg Air Force Base Environmental Assessment

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-08-28

Zielinski , EDAW, Inc., concerning utilities supply and demand for Vandenberg Air Force Base, 1 August. Rush, P., 2002. Personal communication between...Pernell W. Rush, Technical Sergeant, Water Utilities/Water Treatment NCO, USAF 30th CES/CEOIU, Vandenberg Air Force Base, and James E. Zielinski ... Dave Savinsky, Environmental Consultant, 30 CES/CEVC, Vandenberg Air Force Base, on the Preliminary Draft Ground-Based Midcourse Defense (GMD

Control of parallel manipulators using force feedback

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nanua, Prabjot

1994-01-01

Two control schemes are compared for parallel robotic mechanisms actuated by hydraulic cylinders. One scheme, the 'rate based scheme', uses the position and rate information only for feedback. The second scheme, the 'force based scheme' feeds back the force information also. The force control scheme is shown to improve the response over the rate control one. It is a simple constant gain control scheme better suited to parallel mechanisms. The force control scheme can be easily modified for the dynamic forces on the end effector. This paper presents the results of a computer simulation of both the rate and force control schemes. The gains in the force based scheme can be individually adjusted in all three directions, whereas the adjustment in just one direction of the rate based scheme directly affects the other two directions.

The Prediction of Unsteady Aerodynamic Loading in High Aspect Ratio Wall Bounded Jets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lurie, Michael B.

Stealth aircraft are becoming more and more prevalent in the aircraft industry. One of the features of many stealth aircraft is an integrated engine that is mounted above the aircraft fuselage. The engine nozzle is often rectangular with a high aspect ratio, and exhausts onto a jet deck formed by the aircraft fuselage. This configuration allows the aircraft fuselage to shield the noise and other detectable features caused by the engine from the ground. The Northrop Grumman B2 Bomber is perhaps the most well-known example of this configuration. Additionally, stealth technology combined with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV's) has led to the Joint Unmanned Combat System project, or J-UCAS. Both of the aircraft in development in this project use a wall-bounded high aspect ratio nozzle for stealth purposes. While these engine configurations provide a low radar profile and reduce the noise levels on the ground, they do introduce additional considerations. Since the engine is mounted above the aircraft, the nozzle jet is wall bounded by the fuselage of the aircraft. This is known as the flight deck. The jet stream exiting the nozzle can travel at supersonic speeds and potentially generates shock or expansion waves that impinge on the surface of the deck. The oscillations of these shockwaves on the deck produce localized unsteady forces acting on the aircraft. In addition, the interaction between the high speed jet stream and the slower ambient air causes a shear layer to form from the trailing edge of the nozzle. Turbulent eddies form and increase in size as they move downstream. The interactions of the shear layer with the flight deck produce additional unsteady forces on the aircraft. This thesis presents a study to predict the forces on a flight deck caused by a high aspect ratio wall bounded nozzle using both experimental methods and numerical simulations. The experiments performed were conducted on two different nozzles with aspect ratios of 4-1 and 8-1. Several different run conditions, including subsonic, overexpanded, on-design, and under-expanded, are included to study the effects of Mach number on the unsteady pressure. An aluminum flat plate is used to represent the aft deck. The plate is instrumented with Endevco pressure transducers to capture the fluctuating pressure on the aft deck. A spectral analysis performed on the individual sensors shows that the primary sources of fluctuating pressure are the shear layer along with shock-boundary layer interaction. Additional scaling with the nozzle heights is also presented. The numerical simulations were performed using a fully viscous, hybrid RANS/ LES model. They matched the nozzle characteristics and run conditions performed in the experiment. A detailed comparison between the unsteady pressures predicted by the computational simulations and those measured by the experiment is presented. Several discrepancies between the experimental and numerical results are the result of numerical error caused by the time marching scheme used in the simulations. A proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method is introduced to further analyze the computational simulations and provide a filtering method to obtain more accurate results.

X-4 in flight

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1951-01-01

In the early days of transonic flight research, many aerodynamicists believed that eliminating conventional tail surfaces could reduce the problems created by shock wave interaction with the tail's lifting surfaces. To address this issue, the Army Air Forces's Air Technical Service awarded a contract to Northrop Aircraft Corporation on 5 April 1946 to build a piloted 'flying laboratory.' Northrop already had experience with tailless flying wing designs such as the N-1M, N-9M, XB-35, and YB-49. Subsequently, the manufacturer built two semi-tailless X-4 research aircraft, the first of which flew half a century ago. The X-4 was designed to investigate transonic compressibility effects at speeds near Mach 0.85 to 0.88, slightly below the speed of sound. Northrop project engineer Arthur Lusk designed the aircraft with swept wings and a conventional fuselage that housed two turbojet engines. It had a vertical stabilizer, but no horizontal tail surfaces. It was one of the smallest X-planes ever built, and every bit of internal space was used for systems and instrumentation. The first X-4 arrived at Muroc Air Force Base by truck on 15 November 1948. Over the course of several weeks, engineers conducted static tests, and Northrop test pilot Charles Tucker made initial taxi runs. Although small of stature, he barely fit into the diminutive craft. Tucker, a veteran Northrop test pilot, had previously flown the XB-35 and YB-49 flying wing bomber prototypes. Prior to flying for Northrop, he had logged 400 hours in jet airplanes as a test pilot for Lockheed and the Air Force. He would now be responsible for completing the contractor phase of the X-4 flight test program. Finally, all was ready. Tucker climbed into the cockpit, and made the first flight on 15 December 1948. It only lasted 18 minutes, allowing just enough time for the pilot to become familiar with the basic handling qualities of the craft. The X-4 handled well, but Tucker noted some longitudinal instability at all speeds. Data generated during the initial flight led to design changes that improved handling and performance. While the first aircraft underwent modifications, the second X-4 arrived at Muroc in early 1949. Heavy rains flooded the dry lakebed at Muroc, delaying further flight testing until 27 April. The first X-4 made a few more flights, but was beset by mechanical problems. Soon, the second aircraft became the workhorse of the contractor test program. Its first flight was accomplished on 7 June 1949. It was more completely instrumented than its stablemate, and didn't suffer from the same plague of malfunctions. The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) expressed interest in using the second X-4 for research, but was frustrated by the slow pace of the contractor's test phase. Both X-4 aircraft were grounded temporarily for installation of spin recovery parachutes, and improvements to the landing gear uplock system. After these tasks were completed, the first X-4 made its tenth and final flight on 26 January 1950. It was grounded, and used as a source of spare parts for the second aircraft. On 17 February, the remaining X-4 completed the contractor testing phase. The aircraft was then turned over to the NACA and the Air Force for a joint research program. NACA technicians prepared the aircraft, and made a number of design improvements. The joint NACA/USAF program consisted of 82 flights to evaluate handling qualities, stability and control, and performance at various lift-to-drag ratios. NACA pilots during the program included Stanley Butchart, George Cooper, Scott Crossfield, John Griffith, Walter Jones, John 'Jack' McKay, and Joe Walker. The Air Force pilots included B/Gen. Albert Boyd, Col. Frank 'Pete' Everest, Lt. Col. Richard Johnson, Capt. J. S. Nash, and Maj. Charles 'Chuck' Yeager. The final X-4 flight took place in September 1953. Further flights were planned, but a chronic fuel leak lead to cancellation of the program. NACA engineers had acquired a wealth of data, and the cost of repairing the leak could not be justified. Although the X-4 was never designed to fly at supersonic speeds, it gathered transonic data that proved that conventional tailless swept-wing configurations were unsuitable for supersonic performance. The design suffered from noticeable instability in all directions, increasing as it approached the speed of sound. It was, however, a valuable tool for dynamic stability research. Additionally low lift-to-drag data gathered with the X-4 was later beneficial to development of the X-15. On 10 March 1954, both X-4 aircraft were returned to the Air Force. The ejection seat from the second X-4 was retained by the NACA for use in the X-1E. The first X-4 is currently on display at the United States Air Force Academy in Colorado. The second aircraft is displayed at the USAF Museum in Ohio. This movie clip running approximately 7 seconds shows the Northrop X-4 in an air-to-air view climbing away from its chase aircraft.

Climate responses to SATIRE and SIM-based spectral solar forcing in a 3D atmosphere-ocean coupled GCM

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wen, Guoyong; Cahalan, Robert F.; Rind, David; Jonas, Jeffrey; Pilewskie, Peter; Wu, Dong L.; Krivova, Natalie A.

2017-03-01

We apply two reconstructed spectral solar forcing scenarios, one SIM (Spectral Irradiance Monitor) based, the other the SATIRE (Spectral And Total Irradiance REconstruction) modeled, as inputs to the GISS (Goddard Institute for Space Studies) GCMAM (Global Climate Middle Atmosphere Model) to examine climate responses on decadal to centennial time scales, focusing on quantifying the difference of climate response between the two solar forcing scenarios. We run the GCMAM for about 400 years with present day trace gas and aerosol for the two solar forcing inputs. We find that the SIM-based solar forcing induces much larger long-term response and 11-year variation in global averaged stratospheric temperature and column ozone. We find significant decreasing trends of planetary albedo for both forcing scenarios in the 400-year model runs. However the mechanisms for the decrease are very different. For SATIRE solar forcing, the decreasing trend of planetary albedo is associated with changes in cloud cover. For SIM-based solar forcing, without significant change in cloud cover on centennial and longer time scales, the apparent decreasing trend of planetary albedo is mainly due to out-of-phase variation in shortwave radiative forcing proxy (downwelling flux for wavelength >330 nm) and total solar irradiance (TSI). From the Maunder Minimum to present, global averaged annual mean surface air temperature has a response of 0.1 °C to SATIRE solar forcing compared to 0.04 °C to SIM-based solar forcing. For 11-year solar cycle, the global surface air temperature response has 3-year lagged response to either forcing scenario. The global surface air 11-year temperature response to SATIRE forcing is about 0.12 °C, similar to recent multi-model estimates, and comparable to the observational-based evidence. However, the global surface air temperature response to 11-year SIM-based solar forcing is insignificant and inconsistent with observation-based evidence.

Is There Space for the Objective Force?

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-04-07

force through the combination of precision weapons and knowledge-based warfare. Army forces will survive through information dominance , provided by a...Objective Forces. Space-based systems will be foundational building blocks for the Objective Force to achieve information dominance and satellite...communications required for information dominance across a distributed battlefield? Second, what exists to provide the Objective Force information

Effects of laparoscopic instrument and finger on force perception: a first step towards laparoscopic force-skills training.

PubMed

Raghu Prasad, M S; Manivannan, M; Chandramohan, S M

2015-07-01

In laparoscopic surgery, no external feedback on the magnitude of the force exerted is available. Hence, surgeons and residents tend to exert excessive force, which leads to tissue trauma. Ability of surgeons and residents to perceive their own force output without external feedback is a critical factor in laparoscopic force-skills training. Additionally, existing methods of laparoscopic training do not effectively train residents and novices on force-skills. Hence, there is growing need for the development of force-based training curriculum. As a first step towards force-based laparoscopic skills training, this study analysed force perception difference between laparoscopic instrument and finger in contralateral bimanual passive probing task. The study compared the isometric force matching performance of novices, residents and surgeons with finger and laparoscopic instrument. Contralateral force matching paradigm was employed to analyse the force perception capability in terms of relative (accuracy), and constant errors in force matching. Force perception of experts was found to be better than novices and residents. Interestingly, laparoscopic instrument was more accurate in discriminating the forces than finger. The dominant hand attempted to match the forces accurately, whereas non-dominant hand (NH) overestimated the forces. Further, the NH of experts was found to be most accurate. Furthermore, excessive forces were applied at lower force levels and at very high force levels. Due to misperception of force, novices and residents applied excessive forces. However, experts had good control over force with both dominant and NHs. These findings suggest that force-based training curricula should not only have proprioception tasks, but should also include bimanual force-skills training exercises in order to improve force perception ability and hand skills of novices and residents. The results can be used as a performance metric in both box and virtual reality based force-skills training.

Newsroom

Science.gov Websites

from Air Force Gen. Lori Robinson during a ceremony held at Peterson Air Force Base today. May 24, 2018 Gen. O'Shaughnessy assumes command of NORAD, USNORTHCOM Peterson Air Force Base, Colo. - Air Force Gen terminal Sept. 22, 2017 at Joint Base San Antonio-Kelly Field. The cargo was being staged at the Federal

Defense.gov - Dignity, Honor, Respect - For the Fallen

Science.gov Websites

combat operation passes through Dover Air Force Base, Del. The responsibility, and honor, of preparing Operations Center. Stories Dignified Transfer Pays Tribute to Fallen DOVER AIR FORCE BASE, Del., March 12 vehicle to the Air Force Mortuary Affairs Operations Center at Dover Air Force Base, Del. Story Center

Biodefense and Deterrence: A Critical Element in the New Triad

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-02-01

College, Air university Maxwell Air Force Base , Alabama 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES...Headquarters, Brussels Belgium, Headquarters Twenty-First Air Force, and 21st Expeditionary Mobility Task Force, McGuire Air Force Base , New Jersey...Colonel Owens was the Commander, 816th Global Mobility Squadron, and Commander, 821st Air Mobility Squadron, McGuire Air Force Base , New Jersey. Prior to

Research on the comparison of performance-based concept and force-based concept

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Zeyu; Wang, Dongwei

2011-03-01

There are two ideologies about structure design: force-based concept and performance-based concept. Generally, if the structure operates during elastic stage, the two philosophies usually attain the same results. But beyond that stage, the shortage of force-based method is exposed, and the merit of performance-based is displayed. Pros and cons of each strategy are listed herein, and then which structure is best suitable to each method analyzed. At last, a real structure is evaluated by adaptive pushover method to verify that performance-based method is better than force-based method.

Transforming The Munitions And Missile Maintenance Officer Career Field

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-04-01

is a United States Air Force Officer currently attending Air and Space Command College at Maxwell Air Force Base , AL. Maj Edington was previously...INTRODUCTION Since the unauthorized transportation of nuclear warheads from Minot Air Force Base (MAFB) to Barksdale Air Force Base (BAFB) and the mistaken... base .66 These factors coupled with risk-aversion for anything but perfect results during inspections (i.e. zero defects), and the well-established

Sensing mode atomic force microscope

DOEpatents

Hough, Paul V. C.; Wang, Chengpu

2006-08-22

An atomic force microscope is described having a cantilever comprising a base and a probe tip on an end opposite the base; a cantilever drive device connected to the base; a magnetic material coupled to the probe tip, such that when an incrementally increasing magnetic field is applied to the magnetic material an incrementally increasing force will be applied to the probe tip; a moveable specimen base; and a controller constructed to obtain a profile height of a specimen at a point based upon a contact between the probe tip and a specimen, and measure an adhesion force between the probe tip and the specimen by, under control of a program, incrementally increasing an amount of a magnetic field until a release force, sufficient to break the contact, is applied. An imaging method for atomic force microscopy involving measuring a specimen profile height and adhesion force at multiple points within an area and concurrently displaying the profile and adhesion force for each of the points is also described. A microscope controller is also described and is constructed to, for a group of points, calculate a specimen height at a point based upon a cantilever deflection, a cantilever base position and a specimen piezo position; calculate an adhesion force between a probe tip and a specimen at the point by causing an incrementally increasing force to be applied to the probe tip until the probe tip separates from a specimen; and move the probe tip to a new point in the group.

Sensing mode atomic force microscope

DOEpatents

Hough, Paul V.; Wang, Chengpu

2004-11-16

An atomic force microscope is described having a cantilever comprising a base and a probe tip on an end opposite the base; a cantilever drive device connected to the base; a magnetic material coupled to the probe tip, such that when an incrementally increasing magnetic field is applied to the magnetic material an incrementally increasing force will be applied to the probe tip; a moveable specimen base; and a controller constructed to obtain a profile height of a specimen at a point based upon a contact between the probe tip and a specimen, and measure an adhesion force between the probe tip and the specimen by, under control of a program, incrementally increasing an amount of a magnetic field until a release force, sufficient to break the contact, is applied. An imaging method for atomic force microscopy involving measuring a specimen profile height and adhesion force at multiple points within an area and concurrently displaying the profile and adhesion force for each of the points is also described. A microscope controller is also described and is constructed to, for a group of points, calculate a specimen height at a point based upon a cantilever deflection, a cantilever base position and a specimen piezo position; calculate an adhesion force between a probe tip and a specimen at the point by causing an incrementally increasing force to be applied to the probe tip until the probe tip separates from a specimen; and move the probe tip to a new point in the group.

33 CFR 334.710 - The Narrows and Gulf of Mexico adjacent to Santa Rosa Island, Air Force Proving Ground Command...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... adjacent to Santa Rosa Island, Air Force Proving Ground Command, Eglin Air Force Base, Fla. 334.710 Section... Santa Rosa Island, Air Force Proving Ground Command, Eglin Air Force Base, Fla. (a) The restricted area... regulations in this section shall be enforced by the Commander, Air Force Proving Ground Command, Eglin Air...

USAF/SCEEE Graduate Student Summer Research Program (1984). Program Management Report. Volume 1.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-10-01

AFRL -TN-87, Air Force . Weapons Laboratory , Kirtland Air Foce...Mexico Research Location: Air Force Weapons Laboratory , NTATT, Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, NM 87117 .. USAF Research Contact: Dr. Carl E. Baum...Albuquerque, NM 87131 ... Research Location: Air Force Weapons Laboratory Kirtland Air Force Base Albuquerque, New Mexico 87117 USAF

Measurement correction method for force sensor used in dynamic pressure calibration based on artificial neural network optimized by genetic algorithm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gu, Tingwei; Kong, Deren; Shang, Fei; Chen, Jing

2017-12-01

We present an optimization algorithm to obtain low-uncertainty dynamic pressure measurements from a force-transducer-based device. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of the methods that are commonly used to measure the propellant powder gas pressure, the applicable scope of dynamic pressure calibration devices, and the shortcomings of the traditional comparison calibration method based on the drop-weight device are firstly analysed in detail. Then, a dynamic calibration method for measuring pressure using a force sensor based on a drop-weight device is introduced. This method can effectively save time when many pressure sensors are calibrated simultaneously and extend the life of expensive reference sensors. However, the force sensor is installed between the drop-weight and the hammerhead by transition pieces through the connection mode of bolt fastening, which causes adverse effects such as additional pretightening and inertia forces. To solve these effects, the influence mechanisms of the pretightening force, the inertia force and other influence factors on the force measurement are theoretically analysed. Then a measurement correction method for the force measurement is proposed based on an artificial neural network optimized by a genetic algorithm. The training and testing data sets are obtained from calibration tests, and the selection criteria for the key parameters of the correction model is discussed. The evaluation results for the test data show that the correction model can effectively improve the force measurement accuracy of the force sensor. Compared with the traditional high-accuracy comparison calibration method, the percentage difference of the impact-force-based measurement is less than 0.6% and the relative uncertainty of the corrected force value is 1.95%, which can meet the requirements of engineering applications.

Three-Axis Ground Reaction Force Distribution during Straight Walking.

PubMed

Hori, Masataka; Nakai, Akihito; Shimoyama, Isao

2017-10-24

We measured the three-axis ground reaction force (GRF) distribution during straight walking. Small three-axis force sensors composed of rubber and sensor chips were fabricated and calibrated. After sensor calibration, 16 force sensors were attached to the left shoe. The three-axis force distribution during straight walking was measured, and the local features of the three-axis force under the sole of the shoe were analyzed. The heel area played a role in receiving the braking force, the base area of the fourth and fifth toes applied little vertical or shear force, the base area of the second and third toes generated a portion of the propulsive force and received a large vertical force, and the base area of the big toe helped move the body's center of mass to the other foot. The results demonstrate that measuring the three-axis GRF distribution is useful for a detailed analysis of bipedal locomotion.

AIRID: an application of the KAS/Prospector expert system builder to airplane identification

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aldridge, J.P.

1984-01-01

The Knowledge Acquisition System/Prospector expert system building tool developed by SRI, International, has been used to construct an expert system to identify aircraft on the basis of observables such as wing shape, engine number/location, fuselage shape, and tail assembly shape. Additional detailed features are allowed to influence the identification as other favorable features. Constraints on the observations imposed by bad weather and distant observations have been included as contexts to the models. Models for Soviet and US fighter aircraft have been included. Inclusion of other types of aircraft such as bombers, transports, and reconnaissance craft is straightforward. Two models permitmore » exploration of the interaction of semantic and taxonomic networks with the models. A full set of text data for fluid communication with the user has been included. The use of demons as triggered output responses to enhance utility to the user has been explored. This paper presents discussion of the ease of building the expert system using this powerful tool and problems encountered in the construction process.« less

Detection of concealed explosives at stand-off distances using wide band swept millimetre waves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andrews, David A.; Rezgui, Nacer D.; Smith, Sarah E.; Bowring, Nicholas; Southgate, Matthew; Baker, John G.

2008-10-01

Millimetre waves in the range 20 to 110 GHz have been used to detect the presence and thickness of dielectric materials, such as explosives, by measuring the frequency response of the return signal. Interference between the reflected signals from the front and back surfaces of the dielectric provides a characteristic frequency variation in the return signal, which may be processed to yield its optical depth [Bowring et al, Meas. Sci. Technol. 19, 024004 (2008)]. The depth resolution depends on the sweep bandwidth, which is typically 10 to 30 GHz. By using super-heterodyne detection the range of the object can also be determined, which enables a signal from a target, such as a suicide bomber to be extracted from background clutter. Using millimetre wave optics only a small area of the target is illuminated at a time, thus reducing interference from different parts of a human target. Results are presented for simulated explosive materials with water or human backing at stand-off distances. A method of data analysis that involves pattern recognition enables effective differentiation of target types.

B-70 Aircraft Study. Volume 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1972-01-01

Volume 2 of the final report on the B-70 aircraft study is presented here. The B-70 Program, at the onset, was a full weapon system capable of sustained Mach 3 flight for the major portion of its design missions. The weapon system was to enter the SAC inventory as an RS-70 with the first intercontinental resonnaissance/bomber wing scheduled to go operational in July, 1964. After several redirections, a two XB-70 air vehicle program emerged with its prime objective being to demonstrate the technical feasibility of sustained Mach 3 flight. This section describes the original Weapon System 110A concepts, the evolution of the RS-70 design, and the XB-70 air vehicles which demonstrated the design, fabrication, and technical feasibility of long range Mach 3 flights at high altitude. The data presented shows that a very large step forward in the state-of-the-art of manned aircraft design was achieved during the B-70 development program and that advances were made and incorporated in every area, including design, materials application, and manufacturing techniques.

Analysis of data on Air Force personnel collected at Lackland Air Force Base

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1969-10-01

In July, 1967, a report was published by the Personnel Research Laboratory, Lackland Air Force Base, entitled "An Attempt to Predict Automobile Accidents Among Air Force Personnnel". Approximately twelve thousand basic airmen and eleven hundred offic...

Estimation of Handgrip Force from SEMG Based on Wavelet Scale Selection.

PubMed

Wang, Kai; Zhang, Xianmin; Ota, Jun; Huang, Yanjiang

2018-02-24

This paper proposes a nonlinear correlation-based wavelet scale selection technology to select the effective wavelet scales for the estimation of handgrip force from surface electromyograms (SEMG). The SEMG signal corresponding to gripping force was collected from extensor and flexor forearm muscles during the force-varying analysis task. We performed a computational sensitivity analysis on the initial nonlinear SEMG-handgrip force model. To explore the nonlinear correlation between ten wavelet scales and handgrip force, a large-scale iteration based on the Monte Carlo simulation was conducted. To choose a suitable combination of scales, we proposed a rule to combine wavelet scales based on the sensitivity of each scale and selected the appropriate combination of wavelet scales based on sequence combination analysis (SCA). The results of SCA indicated that the scale combination VI is suitable for estimating force from the extensors and the combination V is suitable for the flexors. The proposed method was compared to two former methods through prolonged static and force-varying contraction tasks. The experiment results showed that the root mean square errors derived by the proposed method for both static and force-varying contraction tasks were less than 20%. The accuracy and robustness of the handgrip force derived by the proposed method is better than that obtained by the former methods.

North American AJ-2 Savage used for Microgravity Flights

NASA Image and Video Library

1960-09-21

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Lewis Research Center acquired two North American AJ-2 Savages in the early 1960s to fly microgravity-inducing parabola flight patterns. Lewis was in the midst of an extensive study to determine the behavior of liquid hydrogen in microgravity so that proper fuel systems could be designed. Jack Enders was the primary pilot for the program and future astronaut Fred Haise worked with the cameras and instrumentation in the rear of the aircraft. North American developed the AJ-2 for the Navy in the mid-1940s as a carrier-based bomber. By the 1960s the Savage was no longer considered a modern aircraft, but its performance capabilities made it appealing to the Lewis researchers. The AJ-2 ‘s power, speed, response time, structural robustness, and large interior space were applicable to the microgravity flights. The AJ-2 could also accommodate a pilot, flight engineer, and two observers. Lewis engineers installed a 100-litre liquid hydrogen dewar, cryogenic cooling system, and cameras in the bomb bay. The AJ-2 was flown on a level course over western Lake Erie then went into a 20-degree dip to generate 375 knot. At 13,000 feet the pilot pulled the nose up by 40 degrees. The speed decreased and both latitudinal and longitudinal accelerations were nullified. Upon reaching 17,000 feet, the pilot turned the aircraft into a 45-degree dive. As the speed reached 390 knots the pilot pulled the aircraft up again. Each maneuver produced approximately 27 seconds of microgravity.

Prediction of Spacecraft Vibration using Acceleration and Force Envelopes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gordon, Scott; Kaufman, Daniel; Kern, Dennis; Scharton, Terry

2009-01-01

The base forces in the GLAST X- and Z-axis sine vibration tests were similar to those derived using generic inputs (from users guide and handbook), but the base forces in the sine test were generally greater than the flight data. Basedrive analyses using envelopes of flight acceleration data provided more accurate predictions of the base force than generic inputs, and as expected, using envelopes of both the flight acceleration and force provided even more accurate predictions The GLAST spacecraft interface accelerations and forces measured during the MECO transient were relatively low in the 60 to 150 Hz regime. One may expect the flight forces measured at the base of various spacecraft to be more dependent on the mass, frequencies, etc. of the spacecraft than are the corresponding interface acceleration data, which may depend more on the launch vehicle configuration.

33 CFR 334.560 - Banana River at Patrick Air Force Base, Fla.; restricted area.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Commander, 45th Space Wing, Patrick Air Force Base, Florida, and such agencies as he/she may designate. [29... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Banana River at Patrick Air Force... River at Patrick Air Force Base, Fla.; restricted area. (a) The area. The waters within an area...

33 CFR 334.560 - Banana River at Patrick Air Force Base, Fla.; restricted area.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Commander, 45th Space Wing, Patrick Air Force Base, Florida, and such agencies as he/she may designate. [29... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Banana River at Patrick Air Force... River at Patrick Air Force Base, Fla.; restricted area. (a) The area. The waters within an area...

33 CFR 334.560 - Banana River at Patrick Air Force Base, Fla.; restricted area.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Commander, 45th Space Wing, Patrick Air Force Base, Florida, and such agencies as he/she may designate. [29... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Banana River at Patrick Air Force... River at Patrick Air Force Base, Fla.; restricted area. (a) The area. The waters within an area...

33 CFR 334.560 - Banana River at Patrick Air Force Base, Fla.; restricted area.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Commander, 45th Space Wing, Patrick Air Force Base, Florida, and such agencies as he/she may designate. [29... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Banana River at Patrick Air Force... River at Patrick Air Force Base, Fla.; restricted area. (a) The area. The waters within an area...

33 CFR 165.768 - Security Zone; MacDill Air Force Base, Tampa Bay, FL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Security Zone; MacDill Air Force....768 Security Zone; MacDill Air Force Base, Tampa Bay, FL. (a) Location. The following area is a... title. All waters within Tampa Bay, Florida in the vicinity of MacDill Air Force Base, including...

Face and Construct Validity of a Novel Virtual Reality-Based Bimanual Laparoscopic Force-Skills Trainer With Haptics Feedback.

PubMed

Prasad, Raghu; Muniyandi, Manivannan; Manoharan, Govindan; Chandramohan, Servarayan M

2018-05-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the face and construct validity of a custom-developed bimanual laparoscopic force-skills trainer with haptics feedback. The study also examined the effect of handedness on fundamental and complex tasks. Residents (n = 25) and surgeons (n = 25) performed virtual reality-based bimanual fundamental and complex tasks. Tool-tissue reaction forces were summed, recorded, and analysed. Seven different force-based measures and a 1-time measure were used as metrics. Subsequently, participants filled out face validity and demographic questionnaires. Residents and surgeons were positive on the design, workspace, and usefulness of the simulator. Construct validity results showed significant differences between residents and experts during the execution of fundamental and complex tasks. In both tasks, residents applied large forces with higher coefficient of variation and force jerks (P < .001). Experts, with their dominant hand, applied lower forces in complex tasks and higher forces in fundamental tasks (P < .001). The coefficients of force variation (CoV) of residents and experts were higher in complex tasks (P < .001). Strong correlations were observed between CoV and task time for fundamental (r = 0.70) and complex tasks (r = 0.85). Range of smoothness of force was higher for the non-dominant hand in both fundamental and complex tasks. The simulator was able to differentiate the force-skills of residents and surgeons, and objectively evaluate the effects of handedness on laparoscopic force-skills. Competency-based laparoscopic skills assessment curriculum should be updated to meet the requirements of bimanual force-based training.

The impact of volcanic aerosol on the Northern Hemisphere stratospheric polar vortex: mechanisms and sensitivity to forcing structure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Toohey, M.; Krüger, K.; Bittner, M.; Timmreck, C.; Schmidt, H.

2014-12-01

Observations and simple theoretical arguments suggest that the Northern Hemisphere (NH) stratospheric polar vortex is stronger in winters following major volcanic eruptions. However, recent studies show that climate models forced by prescribed volcanic aerosol fields fail to reproduce this effect. We investigate the impact of volcanic aerosol forcing on stratospheric dynamics, including the strength of the NH polar vortex, in ensemble simulations with the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model. The model is forced by four different prescribed forcing sets representing the radiative properties of stratospheric aerosol following the 1991 eruption of Mt. Pinatubo: two forcing sets are based on observations, and are commonly used in climate model simulations, and two forcing sets are constructed based on coupled aerosol-climate model simulations. For all forcings, we find that simulated temperature and zonal wind anomalies in the NH high latitudes are not directly impacted by anomalous volcanic aerosol heating. Instead, high-latitude effects result from enhancements in stratospheric residual circulation, which in turn result, at least in part, from enhanced stratospheric wave activity. High-latitude effects are therefore much less robust than would be expected if they were the direct result of aerosol heating. Both observation-based forcing sets result in insignificant changes in vortex strength. For the model-based forcing sets, the vortex response is found to be sensitive to the structure of the forcing, with one forcing set leading to significant strengthening of the polar vortex in rough agreement with observation-based expectations. Differences in the dynamical response to the forcing sets imply that reproducing the polar vortex responses to past eruptions, or predicting the response to future eruptions, depends on accurate representation of the space-time structure of the volcanic aerosol forcing.

STEM Education: Introduction of Quantitative Math and Science Content into Elementary Education, STEM Enrichment Effort in Title One Elementary and Middle Schools in Bay County, Florida

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-06-01

inside pages STINFO COPY AIR FORCE RESEARCH LABORATORY MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE WRIGHT PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE, OH 45433-7750...Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory Air Force Research Laboratory This... Research Laboratory Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433-7750 Air Force Materiel Command United States

Environmental Assessment Deicer Recovery at Grand Forks AFB, North Dakota

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-12-15

Air Force Base (AFB), North Dakota. Contacts: 319 CES/CEVA 525 Tuskegee Airmen Boulevard (Blvd) Grand Forks AFB, ND...ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND TERMS AAM Annual Arithmetic Mean ACM Asbestos Containing Material AFB Air Force Base AFI Air Force Instruction AICUZ...meter 10 GFAFB Grand Forks Air Force Base HAP Hazardous Air Pollutants hr Hour H2S Hydrogen Sulfide IRP Installation Restoration

Force reflection with compliance control

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kim, Won S. (Inventor)

1993-01-01

Two types of systems for force-reflecting control, which enables high force-reflection gain, are presented: position-error-based force reflection and low-pass-filtered force reflection. Both of the systems are combined with shared compliance control. In the position-error-based class, the position error between the commanded and the actual position of a compliantly controlled robot is used to provide force reflection. In the low-pass-filtered force reflection class, the low-pass-filtered output of the compliance control is used to provide force reflection. The increase in force reflection gain can be more than 10-fold as compared to a conventional high-bandwidth pure force reflection system, when high compliance values are used for the compliance control.

Final Environmental Assessment for the Proposed Antenna Construction at the Existing ADF Remote Terminal Facility, Buckley, Air Force Base, Colorado

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-09-01

November. Buckley Air Force Base (BAFB). 2003a. Electronic mail correspondence from Janet Wade, Base Population. July . Buckley Air Force Base...please contact Amy Pallante , our Section 106 Compliance Coordinator, at (303) 866-4678. Sincerely, ~~=i~::t State Historic Preservation Officer

A predictive bone drilling force model for haptic rendering with experimental validation using fresh cadaveric bone.

PubMed

Lin, Yanping; Chen, Huajiang; Yu, Dedong; Zhang, Ying; Yuan, Wen

2017-01-01

Bone drilling simulators with virtual and haptic feedback provide a safe, cost-effective and repeatable alternative to traditional surgical training methods. To develop such a simulator, accurate haptic rendering based on a force model is required to feedback bone drilling forces based on user input. Current predictive bone drilling force models based on bovine bones with various drilling conditions and parameters are not representative of the bone drilling process in bone surgery. The objective of this study was to provide a bone drilling force model for haptic rendering based on calibration and validation experiments in fresh cadaveric bones with different bone densities. Using a commonly used drill bit geometry (2 mm diameter), feed rates (20-60 mm/min) and spindle speeds (4000-6000 rpm) in orthognathic surgeries, the bone drilling forces of specimens from two groups were measured and the calibration coefficients of the specific normal and frictional pressures were determined. The comparison of the predicted forces and the measured forces from validation experiments with a large range of feed rates and spindle speeds demonstrates that the proposed bone drilling forces can predict the trends and average forces well. The presented bone drilling force model can be used for haptic rendering in surgical simulators.

Final Environmental Assessment Addressing 21st Explosive Ordinance Disposal Weapons of Mass Destruction Facilities Demolition and Expansion at Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-07-01

KIRTLAND AIR FORCE BASE, NEW MEXICO JULY 2011 Report Documentation Page Form ApprovedOMB No. 0704...Facilities Demolition and Expansion at Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d...EXPANSION KIRTLAND AIR FORCE BASE, NEW MEXICO Pursuant to the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) regulations for implementing procedural

Aircraft Brake Systems Testing Handbook.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-05-01

distribution is unlimited. AIR FORCE FLIGHT TEST CENTER EDWARDS AIR FORCE BASE , CALIFORNIA AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND UNITED STATES AIR FORCE A This handbook... Base , California 93523. This handbook has been reviewed and cleared for open publication and/or public release by the AFFTC Office of Public Affairs in...Force lbs Ft Engine Thrust lbs F vrt Vertical Force acting on the tire at the qround lbs 9 Acceleration due to gravity 32.17 ft/sec 2 h Distance

Grounds Management Cost Reduction Strategies

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-06-01

AIR FORCE BASE , FLORIDA 32403-5319 1 REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE OMI No. 07o o’m €0k ’oJO flm4’¢• htu mgI• t O•t•f~ • ’h )fel •0W ll:• ll... FORCE INPUTS Approximately 130 ideas were submitted by individuals at Air Force MAJCOMs and bases . These ideas were reviewed by a team of Air Force ...contractor to use base Z - $ 1,200 dumpsters for reuse collection from policing operations. A-2-5 AIR FORCE GROUNDS RITU COST RIEDCTION

Force Field for Water Based on Neural Network.

PubMed

Wang, Hao; Yang, Weitao

2018-05-18

We developed a novel neural network based force field for water based on training with high level ab initio theory. The force field was built based on electrostatically embedded many-body expansion method truncated at binary interactions. Many-body expansion method is a common strategy to partition the total Hamiltonian of large systems into a hierarchy of few-body terms. Neural networks were trained to represent electrostatically embedded one-body and two-body interactions, which require as input only one and two water molecule calculations at the level of ab initio electronic structure method CCSD/aug-cc-pVDZ embedded in the molecular mechanics water environment, making it efficient as a general force field construction approach. Structural and dynamic properties of liquid water calculated with our force field show good agreement with experimental results. We constructed two sets of neural network based force fields: non-polarizable and polarizable force fields. Simulation results show that the non-polarizable force field using fixed TIP3P charges has already behaved well, since polarization effects and many-body effects are implicitly included due to the electrostatic embedding scheme. Our results demonstrate that the electrostatically embedded many-body expansion combined with neural network provides a promising and systematic way to build the next generation force fields at high accuracy and low computational costs, especially for large systems.

Water Vulnerability Assessments

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-04-01

Air Force Base , Texas 78235-5000 B AApril 1991 MAY f2-D T Final ReportBo R ’V Approved for public release...dilstribution Is unlimited. 91-00493 91 524 020 IIlI 111III II AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND SBROOKS AIR FORCE BASE , TEXAS 78235-5000 NOTICES When Government...tornadoes. If the base is on a fault line, they should do an assessment for earthquakes. Air Force plans should include sabotage, biological,

Environmental Baseline Survey for Three Sites at TRW Capistrano Test Site, California

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-11-01

by Headquarters Space and Missile Systems Center Los Angeles Air Force Base, California Report Documentation Page Report Date 00111999 Report Type N...and Address(es) Headquarters Space and Missile Systems Center Los Angeles Air Force Base, California Performing Organization Report Number...Sponsoring/Monitoring Agency Name(s) and Address(es) Department of the Air Force Headquarters Space and Missile Systems Center, Los Angeles Air Force Base

Environmental Assessment: Military Family Housing Privatization Maxwell Air Force Base

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-06-01

Ray L. Raton Mildred J . Worthy February 9, 2005 Lt. Colonel David W. Maninez Deputy Commander, 42nd MSG 50 South LeMay Plaza (Bldg 804) Maxwell ...Environmental Assessment Military Family Housing Privatization Maxwell Air Force Base United States Air Force Air Education and Training Command... Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama June 2005 Report Documentation Page Form ApprovedOMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of

23. Photographic copy of an asconstructed site plan for North ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

23. Photographic copy of an as-constructed site plan for North Base: Air Force Flight Test Center, Edwards Air Force Base, Edwards, California: North Base Site Plan, February 1970. This drawing shows the North Base building distribution substantially as it appears in 1995. Records on file at AFFTC/CE-CECC-B (Design/Construction Flight/RPMC), Edwards AFB, California. - Edwards Air Force Base, North Base, North Base Road, Boron, Kern County, CA

33 CFR 334.730 - Waters of Santa Rosa Sound and Gulf of Mexico adjacent to Santa Rosa Island, Air Force Proving...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Gulf of Mexico adjacent to Santa Rosa Island, Air Force Proving Ground Command, Eglin Air Force Base... Sound and Gulf of Mexico adjacent to Santa Rosa Island, Air Force Proving Ground Command, Eglin Air Force Base, Fla. (a) The danger zones—(1) Prohibited area. Waters of Santa Rosa Sound and Gulf of Mexico...

33 CFR 334.730 - Waters of Santa Rosa Sound and Gulf of Mexico adjacent to Santa Rosa Island, Air Force Proving...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Gulf of Mexico adjacent to Santa Rosa Island, Air Force Proving Ground Command, Eglin Air Force Base... Sound and Gulf of Mexico adjacent to Santa Rosa Island, Air Force Proving Ground Command, Eglin Air..., Headquarters Air Proving Ground Command, Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, and such agencies as he may designate...

Very Long Wave Length IR Detectors

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-02-01

STINFO COPY AIR FORCE RESEARCH LABORATORY MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE, OH 45433-7750 AIR FORCE...to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE...NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Air Force Research Laboratory Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433-7750 Air

Development of a commercially viable piezoelectric force sensor system for static force measurement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Jun; Luo, Xinwei; Liu, Jingcheng; Li, Min; Qin, Lan

2017-09-01

A compensation method for measuring static force with a commercial piezoelectric force sensor is proposed to disprove the theory that piezoelectric sensors and generators can only operate under dynamic force. After studying the model of the piezoelectric force sensor measurement system, the principle of static force measurement using a piezoelectric material or piezoelectric force sensor is analyzed. Then, the distribution law of the decay time constant of the measurement system and the variation law of the measurement system’s output are studied, and a compensation method based on the time interval threshold Δ t and attenuation threshold Δ {{u}th} is proposed. By calibrating the system and considering the influences of the environment and the hardware, a suitable Δ {{u}th} value is determined, and the system’s output attenuation is compensated based on the Δ {{u}th} value to realize the measurement. Finally, a static force measurement system with a piezoelectric force sensor is developed based on the compensation method. The experimental results confirm the successful development of a simple compensation method for static force measurement with a commercial piezoelectric force sensor. In addition, it is established that, contrary to the current perception, a piezoelectric force sensor system can be used to measure static force through further calibration.

Newcomers

Science.gov Websites

commands are located on Peterson Air Force Base. The Base Guide describes some of the services available on our base to include information on the Joint Personal Property Shipping Office (the office in charge Base and in the local area, log into the 21st Force Support Squadron's web site. The 21st Force Support

67. COPY OF UNDATED OBLIQUE AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH SHOWING WEAPONS STORAGE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

67. COPY OF UNDATED OBLIQUE AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH SHOWING WEAPONS STORAGE AREA, FROM MASTER PLAN OF CARIBOU AFS. PHOTOGRAPH, PROBABLY TAKEN IN THE 1960'S LOCATED AT AIR FORCE BASE CONVERSION AGENCY, LORING AIR FORCE BASE, MAINE. - Loring Air Force Base, Weapons Storage Area, Northeastern corner of base at northern end of Maine Road, Limestone, Aroostook County, ME

76 FR 75453 - Restricted Areas and Danger Zones at Eglin Air Force Base, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-02

... and Danger Zones at Eglin Air Force Base, FL AGENCY: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Department of... within the Eglin Air Force Base (AFB) facilities and along the Eglin AFB facility shoreline in Florida... have the permission of the Commander, 96 Air Base Wing, Eglin AFB or his/her authorized representative...

Clamp force and alignment checking device

DOEpatents

Spicer, John Patrick; Cai, Wayne W.; Chakraborty, Debejyo; Mink, Keith

2017-04-11

A check fixture measures a total clamp force applied by a welder device. The welder device includes a welding horn having a plurality of weld pads and welding anvil having a plurality of weld pads. The check fixture includes a base member operatively supporting a plurality of force sensors. The base member and the force sensors are received between the weld pads of the welding horn and the anvil pads of the welding anvil. Each force sensor is configured to measure an individual clamp force applied thereto by corresponding weld and anvil pads when the base member is received between the welding horn and the welding anvil and the welder device is in the clamped position. The individual clamp forces are used to determine whether the weld and/or anvil pads are worn or misaligned.

A Digital Computer Approach to the Unsymmetric Rigid Body Problem.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-03-01

FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE , OHIO 45433 A 82 04 19 027 NOTICE When Government drawings, specifications, or other data are...Laboratory (AFWAL/AAA) March 1982 Air Force Wright Aeronautical Laboratories (AFSC) 13. NUMBER OF PAGES Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , Ohio 45433 67 14...reverse aide it necessary and Identify by block number ) The use of a computer approximation technique based on trial functions is investigated for the

Perceptual Performance Impact of GPU-Based WARP and Anti-Aliasing for Image Generators

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-29

with the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) and NASA AMES, constructed the Operational Based Vision Assessment (OBVA) simulator. This 15-channel, 150...ABSTRACT In 2012 the U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, in partnership with the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) and NASA AMES...with the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) and NASA AMES, constructed the Operational Based Vision Assessment (OBVA) simulator to evaluate the

United States Air Force Graduate Student Research Program. 1989 Program Management Report

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-12-01

research at Air Force laboratories /centers. Each assignment is in a subject area and at an Air Force facility mutually agreed upon by the...housing difficult to find, c) 10 weeks too short for research period. June 20, 1989 Astronautics Laboratory Edwards Air Force Base, California June 21...1989 HRL: Operations Training Division Williams Air Force Base, Arizona June 22, 1989 Weapons Laboratory Kirtland Air

75 FR 48954 - Arbitration Panel Decision Under the Randolph-Sheppard Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-12

... and its implementing regulations concerning the food services at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in... permit to operate snack and beverage vending machines throughout the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, and... income from the vending machines at the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base pursuant to the Act and...

Defense.gov Special Report: Travels With Hagel

Science.gov Websites

Force base on the Florida panhandle, talking to pilots from the 33rd Fighter Wing, meeting with and in an F-35 fighter. Troop Event At Eglin Air Force Base More Video Hagel Troop Event Kings Bay Travel Locations Map of Hagel's Trip Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay, Georgia. Eglin Air Force Base, Florida. Fort

75 FR 60740 - Record of Decision for the Base Closure and Realignment Beddown and Flight Operations of Remotely...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-01

... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Department of the Air Force Record of Decision for the Base Closure and Realignment Beddown and Flight Operations of Remotely Piloted Aircraft at Grand Forks Air Force Base (AFB), ND... United States Air Force signed the ROD for the 2005 Base Closure and Realignment (BRAC 2005) directed...

Tibiofemoral Compression Force Differences Using Laxity- and Force-Based Initial Graft Tensioning Techniques in the ACL-Reconstructed Knee

PubMed Central

Fleming, Braden C.; Brady, Mark F.; Bradley, Michael P.; Banerjee, Rahul; Hulstyn, Michael J.; Fadale, Paul D.

2008-01-01

Purpose To document the tibiofemoral (TF) compression forces produced during clinical initial graft tension protocols. Methods An image analysis system was used to track the position of the tibia relative to the femur in 11 cadaver knees. TF compression forces were quantified using thin-film pressure sensors. Prior to performing ACL reconstructions with patellar tendon grafts, measurements of TF compression force were obtained from the ACL-intact knee with knee flexion. ACL reconstructions were then performed using “force-based” and “laxity-based” graft tension approaches. Within each approach, high- and low-tension conditions were compared to the ACL-intact condition over the range of knee flexion angles. Results The TF compression forces for all initial graft tension conditions were significantly greater than that of the normal knee when the knee was in full extension (0°). The TF compression forces when using the laxity-based approach were greater than those produced with the force-based approach. However the laxity-based approach was necessary to restore normal laxity at the time of surgery. Conclusions The initial graft tension conditions produce different TF compressive force profiles at the time of surgery. A compromise must be made between restoring knee laxity or TF compressive forces when reconstructing the ACL with patellar tendon graft. Clinical Relevance The TF compression forces were greater in the ACL-reconstructed knee for all the initial graft tension conditions when compared to the ACL-intact knee, and that clinically relevant initial graft tension conditions produce different TF compressive forces. PMID:18760214

Technical Facilities and Capabilities Assessment Report

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-06-01

ARMAMENT LABORATORY Air Force Systems Command I United States Air Force I Eglin Air Force Base , Florida Best Available Copy 90 0 8 20 026 NOTICE When...The Air Force Armament Laboratory (AFATL) provides the technology base for future armament systems and supports the other elements of the deputy...color and filter digital images once an image is on the system . The IPL and the RSPL are accessible over the base Ethernet. This allows users to logon to

The Civil-Military Gap in the United States. Does It Exist, Why, and Does It Matter?

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-01-01

and/or the general public. Based on this framework, our analysis then compares the char- acteristics of military and civilian respondents using a...armed forces, three major force structure reviews (1990 Base Force, 1993 Bottom-Up Review, 1997 Quadrennial Defense Review) took place in the space...Defense Planning in a Decade of Change: Lessons from the Base Force, Bottom-Up Review, and Quadrennial Defense Review, Santa Monica, CA: RAND

Finite Element Model Optimization of the FalconSAT-5 Structural Engineering Model

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-03-01

for coupled loads analyses. To develop the FE tuning process, this research focuses on the United States Air Force Academy (USAFA) FalconSAT-5 SEM II...Kirtland Air Force Base (KAFB) were sufficient for design engineers to ensure compliance with launch loads. However, for the coupled loads analysis...OF THE AIR FORCE AIR UNIVERSITY AIR FORCE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION

Joseph (Joe) A. Walker

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1956-01-01

In March 1945 Joseph A. Walker joined the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics' Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory, Cleveland, Ohio, (later NASA's Lewis Research Center, now the Glenn Research Center) as a physicist. He transferred to the NACA High-Speed Flight Research Station, Edwards, California in 1951, as a research pilot. For the next fifteen years Walker served as a pilot at the Edwards flight research facility (today known as NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center) on such projects as the Bell X-1#2 (2 flights, first on August 27, 1951), Bell X-1A (1 flight on July 20, 1955), X-1E (21 flights, first on December 12, 1955), Douglas D-558-I #3 Skystreak (14 flights, first on June 29, 1951), Douglas D-558-II #2 Skyrocket (3 flights, first on April 29, 1955), Douglas D-558-II #3 Skyrocket (2 flights, first on May 7, 1954). On the Douglas X-3, Joe was project pilot and made all 20 flights, the first on August 1, 1954. Joe considered this aircraft the 'worst' plane he ever flew. He flew the Northrup X-4 (2 flights, first on October 18, 1951), Bell X-5 (78 flights, first on January 9, 1952). He also flew programs involving the F-100, F-101, F-102, F-104 and the B-47. Walker made the first NASA flight on the North American X-15 on March 25, 1960. His 25th and final X-15 flight on August 22, 1963, reached 354,200 feet, an unofficial record altitude of almost 67 miles. On October 30, 1964, Walker took the first Bell Lunar Landing Research Vehicle (LLRV) on its maiden flight, reaching a peak altitude of 10 feet and a free flight time of just under one minute. Two LLRV's and three Lunar Landing Training Vehicles developed from them were used to develop piloting and operational techniques for lunar landings. In November, he left the program after 35 flights on the first LLRV. Walker flew chase flights as well as research flights. On June 8, 1966 he was flying chase in NASA's F-104N for the Air Force's experimental bomber, North American XB-70A, when he was fatally injured in a mid-air collision between the planes. Joe graduated from Washington and Jefferson College in 1942, with a Bachelors degree in Physics. He enrolled in the civilian pilot training program in 1941 and, after graduation from college, entered the Army Air Forces. During World War II he flew P-38 fighters and F-5A photo reconnaissance for the Air Force, earning the Distinguished Flying Cross and the Air Medal with Seven Oak Clusters. Walker was a charter member of the Society of Experimental Test Pilots and one of the first to be designated a Fellow. He was honored with the Robert J. Collier Trophy, the Harmon International Trophy for Aviators, the Iven C. Kincheloe Award and the Octave Chanute Award, all in 1961. He received an honorary Doctor of Aeronautical Sciences degree from his alma mater in June of 1961 and was named Pilot of the Year in 1963 by the National Pilots Association. Joseph Albert Walker was born February 20, 1921, in Washington, Pennsylvania; he died on June 8, 1966 at Edwards, California.

77 FR 5781 - Record of Decision for the Air Space Training Initiative Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-06

... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Department of the Air Force Record of Decision for the Air Space Training Initiative Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina Final Environmental Impact Statement ACTION: Notice of Availability (NOA) of a Record of Decision (ROD). SUMMARY: On December 9, 2011, the United States Air Force...

USAF Summer Research Program - 1993 Graduate Student Research Program Final Reports, Volume 8, Phillips Laboratory

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-12-01

Research Program Phillips Laboratory Kirtland Air Force Base Albuquerque, New Mexico Sponsored by: Air ...Summer Research Program Phillips Laboratory Sponsored by. Air Force Office of Scientific Research Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, New Mexico...UNITED STATES AIR FORCE SUMMER RESEARCH PROGRAM -- 1993 SUMMER RESEARCH PROGRAM FINAL REPORTS VOLUME 8

75 FR 38792 - Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-06

... inquiries to the 45 Space Wing Command Post, Patrick Air Force Base, FL 32925-3002. Requests must contain... Superintendent, 30 Space Wing Command Post 867 Washington Ave, Suite 205, Vandenberg Air Force Base, CA 93437... inquiries to 45 Space Wing Command Post, Patrick Air Force Base, FL 32925-3002. Requests must contain the...

78 FR 5791 - Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-28

... of records should address written inquiries to the 45 Space Wing Command Post, Patrick Air Force Base... Superintendent, 30 Space Wing Command Post, 867 Washington Ave., Suite 205, Vandenberg Air Force Base, CA 93437... written inquiries to 45th Space Wing Command Post, Patrick Air Force Base, FL 32925-3002. Individuals with...

75 FR 17911 - Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-08

...) (June 11, 1997; 62 FR 31793). Reason: The 1550th Technical Training Squadron, Kirtland Air Force Base...: The 1550th Combat Crew Training Wing, Kirtland Air Force Base, NM, no longer exists. Training now..., Kirtland Air Force Base, NM, no longer exists. Training now falls under the Air Education Training Command...

Environmental Assessment Housing Transfer at Grand Forks AFB, North Dakota

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-01-27

AIR FORCE BASE ...Equipment…………. 28 9 ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND TERMS AAM Annual Arithmetic Mean ACM Asbestos-Containing Material AFB Air Force Base AFI Air ...of No Significant Impact ft Feet ft3/s feet cubed per meter 10 GFAFB Grand Forks Air Force Base HAP Hazardous Air Pollutants hr Hour

Defense Threat Reduction Agency > About > Locations

Science.gov Websites

Air Force Base, Ca. Mercury, Nev. Albuquerque, N.M. White Sands Missile Range, N.M. Omaha, Neb . (USSTRATCOM) Eglin Air Force Base, Fla. National Capital Region Georgia Azerbaijan Armenia Japan Republic of , Md. Eglin Air Force Base, Fla. Albuquerque, N.M. White Sands Missile Range, N.M. Mercury, Nev. Travis

77 FR 52322 - McClellan Air Force Base Superfund Site Proposed Notice of Administrative Order on Consent

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-29

... ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY [FRL-9723-5] McClellan Air Force Base Superfund Site Proposed Notice of Administrative Order on Consent AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Notice... consent concerning portions of the McClellan Air Force Base Superfund Site (``Site'') in McClellan...

Effect of genome sequence on the force-induced unzipping of a DNA molecule.

PubMed

Singh, N; Singh, Y

2006-02-01

We considered a dsDNA polymer in which distribution of bases are random at the base pair level but ordered at a length of 18 base pairs and calculated its force elongation behaviour in the constant extension ensemble. The unzipping force F(y) vs. extension y is found to have a series of maxima and minima. By changing base pairs at selected places in the molecule we calculated the change in F(y) curve and found that the change in the value of force is of the order of few pN and the range of the effect depending on the temperature, can spread over several base pairs. We have also discussed briefly how to calculate in the constant force ensemble a pause or a jump in the extension-time curve from the knowledge of F(y).

10. COPY OF OBLIQUE PHOTOGRAPH SHOWING ARCH HANGAR AT RIGHT, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

10. COPY OF OBLIQUE PHOTOGRAPH SHOWING ARCH HANGAR AT RIGHT, BUILDING 8200 (OBSERVATION TOWER) AT LEFT, AND B-52 AIRCRAFT PARKED ALONG APRON IN BACKGROUND, DATED OCTOBER 1967, PHOTOGRAPH FROM BASE MASTER PLAN LOCATED AT AIR FORCE BASE CONVERSION AGENCY, LORING AIR FORCE BASE, MAINE. - Loring Air Force Base, Arch Hangar, East of Arizona Road near southern end of runway, Limestone, Aroostook County, ME

Photocopy of drawing (original drawing of MacDill Field in possession ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photocopy of drawing (original drawing of MacDill Field in possession of MacDill Air Force Base, Civil Engineering, Tampa, Florida; 1952 architectural drawings by Strategic Air Command, MacDill Air Force Base) BASE LAYOUT, 1952 - MacDill Air Force Base, Bounded by City of Tampa North, Tampa Bay South, Old Tampa Bay West, & Hillsborough Bay East, Tampa, Hillsborough County, FL

Direct Writing of Graphene-based Nanoelectronics via Atomic Force Microscopy

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-05-07

To) 07-05-2012 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Direct Writing of Graphene -based Nanoelectronics via Atomic Force Microscopy 5b. GRANT...ABSTRACT This project employs direct writing with an atomic force microscope (AFM) to fabricate simple graphene -based electronic components like resistors...and transistors at nanometer-length scales. The goal is to explore their electrical properties for graphene -based electronics. Conducting

Environmental Assessment for Construction and Repair of Fuel Storage and Offloading Facilities at Kirtland Air Force Base

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-09-01

G Ot-T GOO) D. BRENT WILSON, P.E. Base Civil Engineer Kirtland Air Force Base Kirtland AFB Fuel Storage and Ofjloading Facilities Construction...September 2005 A-1 3 77 MSG/CEVQ DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE 3 77th Civil Engineer Division (AFMC) 2050 Wyoming Blvd SE, Suite 120 Kirtland AFB NM...FINAL FINDING OF NO SIGNIFICANT IMPACT FOR THE FOR CONSTRUCTION AND REP AIR OF FUEL STORAGE AND OFFLOADING FACILITIES AT KIRTLAND AIR FORCE

Environmental Assessment for Employment of a Mobile Laser Evaluator System (LES-M) for the 20th Fighter Wing at Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-05-01

Environmental Assessment for Employment of a Mobile Laser Evaluator System (LES-M) for the 20th Fighter Wing at Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina...Mobile Laser Evaluator System (LES-M) for the 20th Fighter Wing at Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM...a Mobile Laser Evaluator System (LES-M) for the 20’’ Fighter Wing (20 fW) at Shaw Air Force Base (AFB), South Carolir.a DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED

Minimizing pulling geometry errors in atomic force microscope single molecule force spectroscopy.

PubMed

Rivera, Monica; Lee, Whasil; Ke, Changhong; Marszalek, Piotr E; Cole, Daniel G; Clark, Robert L

2008-10-01

In atomic force microscopy-based single molecule force spectroscopy (AFM-SMFS), it is assumed that the pulling angle is negligible and that the force applied to the molecule is equivalent to the force measured by the instrument. Recent studies, however, have indicated that the pulling geometry errors can drastically alter the measured force-extension relationship of molecules. Here we describe a software-based alignment method that repositions the cantilever such that it is located directly above the molecule's substrate attachment site. By aligning the applied force with the measurement axis, the molecule is no longer undergoing combined loading, and the full force can be measured by the cantilever. Simulations and experimental results verify the ability of the alignment program to minimize pulling geometry errors in AFM-SMFS studies.

Resolution of Forces and Strain Measurements from an Acoustic Ground Test

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, Andrew M.; LaVerde, Bruce T.; Hunt, Ronald; Waldon, James M.

2013-01-01

The Conservatism in Typical Vibration Tests was Demonstrated: Vibration test at component level produced conservative force reactions by approximately a factor of 4 (approx.12 dB) as compared to the integrated acoustic test in 2 out of 3 axes. Reaction Forces Estimated at the Base of Equipment Using a Finite Element Based Method were Validated: FEM based estimate of interface forces may be adequate to guide development of vibration test criteria with less conservatism. Element Forces Estimated in Secondary Structure Struts were Validated: Finite element approach provided best estimate of axial strut forces in frequency range below 200 Hz where a rigid lumped mass assumption for the entire electronics box was valid. Models with enough fidelity to represent diminishing apparent mass of equipment are better suited for estimating force reactions across the frequency range. Forward Work: Demonstrate the reduction in conservatism provided by; Current force limited approach and an FEM guided approach. Validate proposed CMS approach to estimate coupled response from uncoupled system characteristics for vibroacoustics.

USAF Summer Research Program - 1994 Graduate Student Research Program Final Reports, Volume 8, Phillips Laboratory

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-12-01

Research Group at the Phillips Laboratory at Kirtland Air Force Base...for Summer Graduate Student Research Program Phillips Laboratory Sponsored by: Air Force Office of Scientific Research Boiling Air Force Base, DC...2390 S. York Street Denver, CO 80208-0177 Final Report for: Summer Faculty Research Program Phillips Laboratory Sponsored by: Air Force

A new scheme of force reflecting control

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kim, Won S.

1992-01-01

A new scheme of force reflecting control has been developed that incorporates position-error-based force reflection and robot compliance control. The operator is provided with a kinesthetic force feedback which is proportional to the position error between the operator-commanded and the actual position of the robot arm. Robot compliance control, which increases the effective compliance of the robot, is implemented by low pass filtering the outputs of the force/torque sensor mounted on the base of robot hand and using these signals to alter the operator's position command. This position-error-based force reflection scheme combined with shared compliance control has been implemented successfully to the Advanced Teleoperation system consisting of dissimilar master-slave arms. Stability measurements have demonstrated unprecedentedly high force reflection gains of up to 2 or 3, even though the slave arm is much stiffer than operator's hand holding the force reflecting hand controller. Peg-in-hole experiments were performed with eight different operating modes to evaluate the new force-reflecting control scheme. Best task performance resulted with this new control scheme.

Evaluation Report on the Airman Development Course.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Valverde, Horace H.

An evaluation is presented of the Reese Air Force Base, Texas, Airman Development Course which was designed to be a continuation of the airman basic military training conducted at Lackland Air Force Base, Texas. The Airman Development Course was prepared by training personnel at Reese Air Force Base. The purpose of the course was to increase the…

Force-Based Reasoning for Assembly Planning and Subassembly Stability Analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, S.; Yi, C.; Wang, F-C.

1993-01-01

In this paper, we show that force-based reasoning, for identifying a cluster of parts that can be decomposed naturally by the applied force, plays an important role in selecting feasible subassemblies and analyzing subassembly stability in assembly planning.

Optical force rectifiers based on PT-symmetric metasurfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alaee, Rasoul; Gurlek, Burak; Christensen, Johan; Kadic, Muamer

2018-05-01

We introduce here the concept of optical force rectifier based on parity-time symmetric metasurfaces. Directly linked to the properties of non-Hermitian systems engineered by balanced loss and gain constituents, we show that light can exert asymmetric pulling or pushing forces on metasurfaces depending on the direction of the impinging light. This generates a complete force rectification in the vicinity of the exceptional point. Our findings have the potential to spark the design of applications in optical manipulation where the forces, strictly speaking, act unidirectionally.

Environmental Assessment Proposed Demolition Plan Hill Air Force Base, Utah

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-04-01

1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law , no person shall be subject to a penalty...Demolition Plan Hill Air Force Base, Utah 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR( S ) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK...NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME( S ) AND ADDRESS(ES) United States Air Force - Air Force Material Command,Hill Air Force

The Chinese Communist Armed Forces.

DTIC Science & Technology

1974-01-01

tepriorcosn \\ MAR 1 3 1981 C ~) AIR UNIVERSITY -4 MAXWELL AIR FORCE BASE, ALABAMA I z AU-I I "-- ’The Chinese Communist Armed Forces. Kenneth R. Whiting...AO-A096 28𔃾 DEPARTMENT OF STATE WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF EXTERNAL--ETC F/6 S/ THE CH INESE C OMMUNIST ARMED FORCES. (U) vsif k.1974 K R WHITING FAR...1974 Directorate of Documentary Research Air University Institute for Professional Development Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama "/" I;-) K II AIR

Linear-hall sensor based force detecting unit for lower limb exoskeleton

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Hongwu; Zhu, Yanhe; Zhao, Jie; Wang, Tianshuo; Zhang, Zongwei

2018-04-01

This paper describes a knee-joint human-machine interaction force sensor for lower-limb force-assistance exoskeleton. The structure is designed based on hall sensor and series elastic actuator (SEA) structure. The work we have done includes the structure design, the parameter determination and dynamic simulation. By converting the force signal into macro displacement and output voltage, we completed the measurement of man-machine interaction force. And it is proved by experiments that the design is simple, stable and low-cost.

Grippers Based on Opposing Van Der Waals Adhesive Pads

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Parness, Aaron (Inventor); Kennedy, Brett A. (Inventor); Heverly, Matthew C (Inventor); Cutkosky, Mark R. (Inventor); Hawkes, Elliot Wright (Inventor)

2016-01-01

Novel gripping structures based on van der Waals adhesive forces are disclosed. Pads covered with fibers can be activated in pairs by opposite forces, thereby enabling control of the adhesive force in an ON or OFF state. Pads can be used in groups, each comprising a group of opposite pads. The adhesive structures enable anchoring forces that can resist adverse forces from different directions. The adhesive structures can be used to enable the operation of robots on surfaces of space vehicles.

Polarizable Force Field for DNA Based on the Classical Drude Oscillator: I. Refinement Using Quantum Mechanical Base Stacking and Conformational Energetics.

PubMed

Lemkul, Justin A; MacKerell, Alexander D

2017-05-09

Empirical force fields seek to relate the configuration of a set of atoms to its energy, thus yielding the forces governing its dynamics, using classical physics rather than more expensive quantum mechanical calculations that are computationally intractable for large systems. Most force fields used to simulate biomolecular systems use fixed atomic partial charges, neglecting the influence of electronic polarization, instead making use of a mean-field approximation that may not be transferable across environments. Recent hardware and software developments make polarizable simulations feasible, and to this end, polarizable force fields represent the next generation of molecular dynamics simulation technology. In this work, we describe the refinement of a polarizable force field for DNA based on the classical Drude oscillator model by targeting quantum mechanical interaction energies and conformational energy profiles of model compounds necessary to build a complete DNA force field. The parametrization strategy employed in the present work seeks to correct weak base stacking in A- and B-DNA and the unwinding of Z-DNA observed in the previous version of the force field, called Drude-2013. Refinement of base nonbonded terms and reparametrization of dihedral terms in the glycosidic linkage, deoxyribofuranose rings, and important backbone torsions resulted in improved agreement with quantum mechanical potential energy surfaces. Notably, we expand on previous efforts by explicitly including Z-DNA conformational energetics in the refinement.

ON ESTIMATING FORCE-FREENESS BASED ON OBSERVED MAGNETOGRAMS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhang, X. M.; Zhang, M.; Su, J. T., E-mail: xmzhang@nao.cas.cn

It is a common practice in the solar physics community to test whether or not measured photospheric or chromospheric vector magnetograms are force-free, using the Maxwell stress as a measure. Some previous studies have suggested that magnetic fields of active regions in the solar chromosphere are close to being force-free whereas there is no consistency among previous studies on whether magnetic fields of active regions in the solar photosphere are force-free or not. Here we use three kinds of representative magnetic fields (analytical force-free solutions, modeled solar-like force-free fields, and observed non-force-free fields) to discuss how measurement issues such asmore » limited field of view (FOV), instrument sensitivity, and measurement error could affect the estimation of force-freeness based on observed magnetograms. Unlike previous studies that focus on discussing the effect of limited FOV or instrument sensitivity, our calculation shows that just measurement error alone can significantly influence the results of estimates of force-freeness, due to the fact that measurement errors in horizontal magnetic fields are usually ten times larger than those in vertical fields. This property of measurement errors, interacting with the particular form of a formula for estimating force-freeness, would result in wrong judgments of the force-freeness: a truly force-free field may be mistakenly estimated as being non-force-free and a truly non-force-free field may be estimated as being force-free. Our analysis calls for caution when interpreting estimates of force-freeness based on measured magnetograms, and also suggests that the true photospheric magnetic field may be further away from being force-free than it currently appears to be.« less

78 FR 4134 - Notice of Intent To Prepare An Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) On the Proposal To Relocate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-18

... Proposal To Relocate the 18th Aggressor Squadron From Eielson Air Force Base (EAFB), Alaska to Joint Base... Eielson AFB, AK AGENCY: Pacific Air Forces, United States Air Force, DOD. ACTION: Notice of Intent... Provisions of NEPA (40 CFR parts 1500-1508), and Air Force policy and procedures (32 CFR part 989), the Air...

Objective Assessment of Laparoscopic Force and Psychomotor Skills in a Novel Virtual Reality-Based Haptic Simulator.

PubMed

Prasad, M S Raghu; Manivannan, Muniyandi; Manoharan, Govindan; Chandramohan, S M

2016-01-01

Most of the commercially available virtual reality-based laparoscopic simulators do not effectively evaluate combined psychomotor and force-based laparoscopic skills. Consequently, the lack of training on these critical skills leads to intraoperative errors. To assess the effectiveness of the novel virtual reality-based simulator, this study analyzed the combined psychomotor (i.e., motion or movement) and force skills of residents and expert surgeons. The study also examined the effectiveness of real-time visual force feedback and tool motion during training. Bimanual fundamental (i.e., probing, pulling, sweeping, grasping, and twisting) and complex tasks (i.e., tissue dissection) were evaluated. In both tasks, visual feedback on applied force and tool motion were provided. The skills of the participants while performing the early tasks were assessed with and without visual feedback. Participants performed 5 repetitions of fundamental and complex tasks. Reaction force and instrument acceleration were used as metrics. Surgical Gastroenterology, Government Stanley Medical College and Hospital; Institute of Surgical Gastroenterology, Madras Medical College and Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital. Residents (N = 25; postgraduates and surgeons with <2 years of laparoscopic surgery) and expert surgeons (N = 25; surgeons with >4 and ≤10 years of laparoscopic surgery). Residents applied large forces compared with expert surgeons and performed abrupt tool movements (p < 0.001). However, visual + haptic feedback improved the performance of residents (p < 0.001). In complex tasks, visual + haptic feedback did not influence the applied force of expert surgeons, but influenced their tool motion (p < 0.001). Furthermore, in complex tissue sweeping task, expert surgeons applied more force, but were within the tissue damage limits. In both groups, exertion of large forces and abrupt tool motion were observed during grasping, probing or pulling, and tissue sweeping maneuvers (p < 0.001). Modern day curriculum-based training should evaluate the skills of residents with robust force and psychomotor-based exercises for proficient laparoscopy. Visual feedback on force and motion during training has the potential to enhance the learning curve of residents. Copyright © 2016 Association of Program Directors in Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Status of Storm Water Pollution in the United States

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-09-01

71 Appendix C: Air Force Bases That Applied for the Group Permit ......................... 72 Appendix D: E-Mail Message...34......................................... 25 8. Pollutant Bench Mark Values ....................... 26 9. Air Force Bases Impacted by the Proposed "NPDES General Permit For Storm Water...Metals, Cyanide, Phenols .......................... 70 24. Toxic Pollutants and Hazardous Substances ......... 71 25. Air Force Bases That Applied For

Atomic-resolution single-spin magnetic resonance detection concept based on tunneling force microscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Payne, A.; Ambal, K.; Boehme, C.; Williams, C. C.

2015-05-01

A study of a force detected single-spin magnetic resonance measurement concept with atomic spatial resolution is presented. The method is based upon electrostatic force detection of spin-selection rule controlled single-electron tunneling between two electrically isolated paramagnetic states. Single-spin magnetic resonance detection is possible by measuring the force detected tunneling charge noise on and off spin resonance. Simulation results of this charge noise, based upon physical models of the tunneling and spin physics, are directly compared to measured atomic force microscopy system noise. The results show that the approach could provide single-spin measurement of electrically isolated qubit states with atomic spatial resolution at room temperature.

External Hand Forces Exerted by Long-Term Care Staff to Push Floor-Based Lifts: Effects of Flooring System and Resident Weight.

PubMed

Lachance, Chantelle C; Korall, Alexandra M B; Russell, Colin M; Feldman, Fabio; Robinovitch, Stephen N; Mackey, Dawn C

2016-09-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of flooring type and resident weight on external hand forces required to push floor-based lifts in long-term care (LTC). Novel compliant flooring is designed to reduce fall-related injuries among LTC residents but may increase forces required for staff to perform pushing tasks. A motorized lift may offset the effect of flooring on push forces. Fourteen female LTC staff performed straight-line pushes with two floor-based lifts (conventional, motor driven) loaded with passengers of average and 90th-percentile resident weights over four flooring systems (concrete+vinyl, compliant+vinyl, concrete+carpet, compliant+carpet). Initial and sustained push forces were measured by a handlebar-mounted triaxial load cell and compared to participant-specific tolerance limits. Participants rated pushing difficulty. Novel compliant flooring increased initial and sustained push forces and subjective ratings compared to concrete flooring. Compared to the conventional lift, the motor-driven lift substantially reduced initial and sustained push forces and perceived difficulty of pushing for all four floors and both resident weights. Participants exerted forces above published tolerance limits only when using the conventional lift on the carpet conditions (concrete+carpet, compliant+carpet). With the motor-driven lift only, resident weight did not affect push forces. Novel compliant flooring increased linear push forces generated by LTC staff using floor-based lifts, but forces did not exceed tolerance limits when pushing over compliant+vinyl. The motor-driven lift substantially reduced push forces compared to the conventional lift. Results may help to address risk of work-related musculoskeletal injury, especially in locations with novel compliant flooring. © 2016, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.

Cell force mapping using a double-sided micropillar array based on the moiré fringe method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, F.; Anderson, S.; Zheng, X.; Roberts, E.; Qiu, Y.; Liao, R.; Zhang, X.

2014-07-01

The mapping of traction forces is crucial to understanding the means by which cells regulate their behavior and physiological function to adapt to and communicate with their local microenvironment. To this end, polymeric micropillar arrays have been used for measuring cell traction force. However, the small scale of the micropillar deflections induced by cell traction forces results in highly inefficient force analyses using conventional optical approaches; in many cases, cell forces may be below the limits of detection achieved using conventional microscopy. To address these limitations, the moiré phenomenon has been leveraged as a visualization tool for cell force mapping due to its inherent magnification effect and capacity for whole-field force measurements. This Letter reports an optomechanical cell force sensor, namely, a double-sided micropillar array (DMPA) made of poly(dimethylsiloxane), on which one side is employed to support cultured living cells while the opposing side serves as a reference pattern for generating moiré patterns. The distance between the two sides, which is a crucial parameter influencing moiré pattern contrast, is predetermined during fabrication using theoretical calculations based on the Talbot effect that aim to optimize contrast. Herein, double-sided micropillar arrays were validated by mapping mouse embryo fibroblast contraction forces and the resulting force maps compared to conventional microscopy image analyses as the reference standard. The DMPA-based approach precludes the requirement for aligning two independent periodic substrates, improves moiré contrast, and enables efficient moiré pattern generation. Furthermore, the double-sided structure readily allows for the integration of moiré-based cell force mapping into microfabricated cell culture environments or lab-on-a-chip devices.

Convair XF-102 Model in the 8- by 6-Foot Supersonic Wind Tunnel

NASA Image and Video Library

1953-08-21

A .10-scale model of Convair’s XF-102 in the 8- by 6-Foot Supersonic Wind Tunnel at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory for jet exit studies. The XF-102 was a prototype of the F-102 Delta Dagger. The F-102 served as an interceptor against long range bombers from the Soviet Union. The aircraft was powered by a Pratt and Whitney J57 turbojet. The first prototype crashed two weeks after is first flight on October 24, 1953, just months after this photograph. Engineers then incorporated the fixed-wing design to reduce drag at supersonic speeds. The production model F-102 became the first delta-wing supersonic aircraft in operation. The 8- by 6-Foot Supersonic Wind Tunnel is used to study propulsion systems, including inlets and exit nozzles, combustion fuel injectors, flame holders, exit nozzles, and controls on ramjet and turbojet engines. Flexible sidewalls alter the tunnel’s nozzle shape to vary the Mach number during operation. A seven-stage axial compressor, driven by three electric motors that yield a total of 87,000 horsepower, generates air speeds from Mach 0.36 to 2.0.

Earth Observations

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-07-25

ISS024-E-009526 (25 July 2010) --- Dominic Point Fire in Montana is featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 24 crew member on the International Space Station. Lightning strikes in the forested mountains of the western United States, and human activities, can spark wild fires during the summer dry season. The Dominic Point Fire was first reported near 3:00 p.m. local time on July 25 2010. Approximately one hour later, the space station crew photographed the fire?s large smoke plume ? already extending at least eight kilometers to the east ? from orbit as they passed almost directly overhead. Forest Service fire crews, slurry bombers and helicopters were on the scene by that evening. The fire may have been started by a lightning strike, as there are no trails leading into the fire area located approximately 22 kilometers northeast of Hamilton, MT (according to local reports). As of July 26, 2010 the fire had burned approximately 283?405 hectares of the Bitterroot National Forest in western Montana. The fire is thought to have expanded quickly due to high temperatures, low humidity, and favorable winds with an abundance of deadfall ? dead trees and logs that provide readily combustible fuels ? in the area.

DNA analysis in perpetrator identification of terrorism-related disaster: suicide bombing of the Australian Embassy in Jakarta 2004.

PubMed

Sudoyo, Herawati; Widodo, Putut T; Suryadi, Helena; Lie, Yuliana S; Safari, Dodi; Widjajanto, Agung; Kadarmo, D Aji; Hidayat, Soegeng; Marzuki, Sangkot

2008-06-01

We report the strategy that we employed to identify the perpetrator of a suicide car bombing in front of the Australian Embassy in Jakarta, Indonesia, on 9 September 2004. The bomb was so massive that only small tissue pieces of the perpetrator could be recovered, preventing conventional approach to the identification of the bomber, necessitating the introduction of DNA analysis as the primary means for perpetrator identification. Crime scene investigation revealed the trajectory of the bomb blast, which was used to guide the collection of charred tissue fragments of the perpetrator. Mitochondrial DNA analysis was first conducted on 17 tissue fragments, recovered over large areas of the trajectory to, (a) confirm that they are of a common source, i.e. the perpetrator, and thus (b) establish the mtDNA HV1 sequence profile of the perpetrator. The mtDNA of the perpetrator matches that of a maternally related family member of one of four suspects. Standard autosomal STR analysis confirmed the identification. This case is of interest as an illustration of a successful application of DNA analysis as the primary means of disaster perpetrator identification.

The Atomic Bomb Fragment: An Experience in Explaining Nuclear Science to the Popular Media

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jokisch, Derek

2005-11-01

On March 11, 1958 a B-47 strategic bomber on a training mission accidentally dropped a Mark 6 nuclear bomb over rural South Carolina. The bomb, which did not contain the fissionable core, detonated on a lot in Mars Bluff, SC, less than a mile from the current campus of Francis Marion University (FMU). Though the accounts of this event have been written several times, the most extensive account was recently published in the May 2005 issue of Esquire magazine. The author of the Esquire article contacted health physics faculty at FMU in February of 2005 after finding a local resident that claimed to have a fragment of the bomb. In attempting to authenticate the fragment, the author was surprised to measure radioactivity with a Geiger counter. He asked if FMU had the equipment necessary to determine the source of the activity. We spent one afternoon with the author while acquiring a gamma-ray spectrum from the fragment. In addition to presenting the brief scientific analysis, this talk will describe the communication with the author of the article and the subsequent interpretation presented in the publication.

Ground-water resources of Olmsted Air Force Base, Middletown, Pennsylvania

USGS Publications Warehouse

Meisler, Harold; Longwill, Stanley Miller

1961-01-01

Olmsted Air Force Base is underlain by the Gettysburg shale of Triassic age. The Gettysburg shale at the Air Force Base consists of interbedded red sandstone, siltstone, and shale. The average strike of the strata is N. 43° E., and the strata dip to the northwest at an average angle of 26°. The transmissibility of known aquifers in the warehouse area of the Air Force Base is low. Therefore, wells in the warehouse area have low specific capacities and yield only small supplies of water. Wells on the main base, however, yield relatively large supplies of water because the transmissibilities of the aquifers are relatively high. Pumping tests in the warehouse area and the eastern area of the main base indicated the presence of impermeable boundaries in both areas. Pumping tests in the central and western parts of the main base revealed that the Susquehanna River probably is acting as a source of recharge (forms a recharge boundary) for wells in those areas. Data obtained during this investigation indicate that additional supplies of ground water for Olmsted Air Force Base could best be obtained from the western part of the main base.

A Retrospective Analysis of Initial Posterior Root Canal Therapy on United States Air Force Personnel

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-01

and John Yaccino, DDS Abstract Introduction: The Air Force Dental Service (AFDS) has established evidence-based treatment standards for endodontics...and cuspal coverage restorations (4-6). With this research, the Air Force Dental Service (AFDS) established evidence-based treatment standards for...endodontics to ensure Airmen receive high-quality, safe dental care (7). These standards are taught at the two Air Force (AF) Postgraduate Endodontic

Critical Issues for Establishment of a Permanently-Occupied Lunar Base.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-09-01

AIR FORCE ,. AIR UNIVERSITY AIR FORCE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 8 7 12 ’ -0). Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio IpDoTRiBUTON STATEMENT A Approved...the document are technically accurate, and no sensitive items, detrimental ideas, or deleterious information is contained therein. Furthermore, the...Faculty of the School of Systems and Logistics of the Air Force Institute of Technology Air University In Partial Fullfillment of the Requirements

Final Environmental Assessment for Low-Level Flight Testing, Evaluation, and Training, Edwards Air Force Base

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-05-01

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Final Environmental Assessment for Low-Level Flight Testing, Evaluation, and Training, Edwards Air Force Base 5a. CONTRACT...NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Air Force Flight Test Center,Environmental Management Directorate,Edwards AFB,CA,93524 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT...DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT The U.S. Air Force Flight Test

Advanced Fluid System Simulation

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-04-01

8217R’D’ 4 3’" Air Force Systems Command ii Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , Ohio 45433 Cw80 8 19 030 NOTICE When Government drawings, specifications, or...Force Wright Aeronautical Lab~oratories rvds Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , Ohio 45433L 769 ____ 14 M NIT R-N AG NCY A n,.IicgOffice) 15. SECURITY...Approach ....... ........... 174 (3) Port Energy Method ....... ............. ... 176 5. HYTRAN PROGRAM IMPROVEMENTS ............ ......... .. 178 a

75 FR 2117 - Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-14

... Force, 30 Space Communications Squadron, Building 12000, Room 104, 867 Washington Ave., Suite 205... Wing Space Communications Squadron, 867 Washington Avenue, Suite 200-1, Vandenberg Air Force Base... Superintendent, 30 Space Wing Command Post 867 Washington Ave, Suite 205, Vandenberg Air Force Base, California...

Athermalization in atomic force microscope based force spectroscopy using matched microstructure coupling.

PubMed

Torun, H; Finkler, O; Degertekin, F L

2009-07-01

The authors describe a method for athermalization in atomic force microscope (AFM) based force spectroscopy applications using microstructures that thermomechanically match the AFM probes. The method uses a setup where the AFM probe is coupled with the matched structure and the displacements of both structures are read out simultaneously. The matched structure displaces with the AFM probe as temperature changes, thus the force applied to the sample can be kept constant without the need for a separate feedback loop for thermal drift compensation, and the differential signal can be used to cancel the shift in zero-force level of the AFM.

Membrane-based actuation for high-speed single molecule force spectroscopy studies using AFM.

PubMed

Sarangapani, Krishna; Torun, Hamdi; Finkler, Ofer; Zhu, Cheng; Degertekin, Levent

2010-07-01

Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based dynamic force spectroscopy of single molecular interactions involves characterizing unbinding/unfolding force distributions over a range of pulling speeds. Owing to their size and stiffness, AFM cantilevers are adversely affected by hydrodynamic forces, especially at pulling speeds >10 microm/s, when the viscous drag becomes comparable to the unbinding/unfolding forces. To circumvent these adverse effects, we have fabricated polymer-based membranes capable of actuating commercial AFM cantilevers at speeds >or=100 microm/s with minimal viscous drag effects. We have used FLUENT, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, to simulate high-speed pulling and fast actuation of AFM cantilevers and membranes in different experimental configurations. The simulation results support the experimental findings on a variety of commercial AFM cantilevers and predict significant reduction in drag forces when membrane actuators are used. Unbinding force experiments involving human antibodies using these membranes demonstrate that it is possible to achieve bond loading rates >or=10(6) pN/s, an order of magnitude greater than that reported with commercial AFM cantilevers and systems.

Securing Healthcare’s Quantified-Self Data: A Comparative Analysis Versus Personal Financial Account Aggregators Based on Porter’s Five Forces Framework for Competitive Force

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-01

HEALTHCARE’S QUANTIFIED-SELF DATA: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS VERSUS PERSONAL FINANCIAL ACCOUNT AGGREGATORS BASED ON PORTER’S FIVE FORCES FRAMEWORK FOR...TITLE AND SUBTITLE SECURING HEALTHCARE’S QUANTIFIED-SELF DATA: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS VERSUS PERSONAL FINANCIAL ACCOUNT AGGREGATORS BASED ON...Distribution is unlimited. SECURING HEALTHCARE’S QUANTIFIED-SELF DATA: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS VERSUS PERSONAL FINANCIAL ACCOUNT AGGREGATORS BASED ON

Installation Restoration Program. Phase 1. Records Search Wake Island Airfield

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-09-01

serviced transient Air Force aircraft at Wake Island. Detachments of the 6486th Air Base Wing (predecessor organization *of the 15th Air Base Wing...following groups: " o Base Operations o Transportation Division o Civil Engineering Division . Air Force facilities were located east of the 1700...since these materials were shipped to the base on barges. The contrac- tors also took waste oil from the Air . Force for use in their vehicles and

KSC-2009-1450

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-01-14

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- In Bldg. 1610 at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, the covered NOAA-N Prime spacecraft is lowered onto a transporter. NOAA-N Prime is the latest polar-orbiting operational environmental weather satellite developed by NASA for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The satellite is scheduled to launch Feb. 4 aboard a Delta II rocket from Vandenberg Air Force Base. Photo credit: NASA/ Daniel Liberotti, VAFB

KSC-2009-1459

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-01-13

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. -- In Bldg. 1610 at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, the NOAA-N Prime spacecraft is encased inside a transportation canister. NOAA-N Prime is the latest polar-orbiting operational environmental weather satellite developed by NASA for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The satellite is scheduled to launch Feb. 4 aboard a Delta II rocket from Vandenberg Air Force Base. Photo credit: NASA/ Daniel Liberotti, VAFB

Preparing for the Unthinkable: DOD Support to Foreign Consequence Management

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-05-03

Nuclear Disaster ” (research paper, Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air University, 2001), 23. 17 Department of Defense Consequence Management...States Government Response to an Overseas Chemical, Biological, Radiological, or Nuclear Disaster ” (research paper, Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air...Government Response to an Overseas Chemical, Biological, Radiological, or Nuclear Disaster .” Research paper, Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air University

Final Environmental Assessment: Proposed Composite Aircraft Inspection Facilities, Hill Air Force Base, Utah

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-10-02

radiography . Two large inspection bays would each accommodate one F-22 aircraft and robotic x-ray inspection equipment. Six smaller bays would accommodate...large aircraft components (two ultrasonic inspection bays, two laser shearography inspection bays, and two digital radiography inspection bays...Hill Air Force Base, Utah Final Environmental Assessment: Proposed Composite Aircraft Inspection Facilities, Hill Air Force Base, Utah

33 CFR 334.740 - Weekley Bayou, an arm of Boggy Bayou, Fla., at Eglin Air Force Base; restricted area.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Weekley Bayou, an arm of Boggy Bayou, Fla., at Eglin Air Force Base; restricted area. 334.740 Section 334.740 Navigation and Navigable... REGULATIONS § 334.740 Weekley Bayou, an arm of Boggy Bayou, Fla., at Eglin Air Force Base; restricted area. (a...

33 CFR 334.740 - Weekley Bayou, an arm of Boggy Bayou, Fla., at Eglin Air Force Base; restricted area.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Weekley Bayou, an arm of Boggy Bayou, Fla., at Eglin Air Force Base; restricted area. 334.740 Section 334.740 Navigation and Navigable... REGULATIONS § 334.740 Weekley Bayou, an arm of Boggy Bayou, Fla., at Eglin Air Force Base; restricted area. (a...

Environmental Assessment for the Construction of a New Fire Station, Edwards Air Force Base, California

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-10-01

which are often referred to as ear tufts. It has white eyebrows, yellow eyes, and long stilt-like legs. Burrowing owls are found in open, dry...direct them to James Specht at (661) 277-1411. ROBERT M. SHIRLEY, Chief Environmental Quality Branch DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE HEADQUARTERS 95TH AIR BASE WING (AFMC) EDWARDS AIR FORCE BASE CALIFORNIA

Final Environmental Assessment for Wide Area Coverage Construct Land Mobile Network Communications Infrastructure Malmstrom Air Force Base, Montana

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-02-01

FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT February 2008 Malmstrom ® AFB WIDE AREA COVERAGE CONSTRUCT LAND MOBILE NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE...Wide Area Coverage Construct Land Mobile Network Communications Infrastructure Malmstrom Air Force Base, Montana 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT...SIGNIFICANT IMPACT WIDE AREA COVERAGE CONSTRUCT LAND MOBILE NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE MALMSTROM AIR FORCE BASE, MONTANA The

Environmental Assessment: Western Range Instrumentation Modernization Program Vandenberg Air Force Base, Santa Barbara County, and Pillar Point Air Force Station, San Mateo County California

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-03

Force Base ( AFB ), and Pillar Point Air Force Station (AFS), California. The 30th Space Wing at Vandenberg AFB operates the Western Launch and Test...Range (Western Range). The Western Range begins at the coastal boundaries of Vandenberg AFB and extends westward to the Marshall Islands, including...Vandenberg AFB . Vandenberg AFB is headquarters to the 30th Space Wing, the Air Force Space Command unit that operates Vandenberg AFB and the Western

In-Situ Load System for Calibrating and Validating Aerodynamic Properties of Scaled Aircraft in Ground-Based Aerospace Testing Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lynn, Keith C. (Inventor); Acheson, Michael J. (Inventor); Commo, Sean A. (Inventor); Landman, Drew (Inventor)

2016-01-01

An In-Situ Load System for calibrating and validating aerodynamic properties of scaled aircraft in ground-based aerospace testing applications includes an assembly having upper and lower components that are pivotably interconnected. A test weight can be connected to the lower component to apply a known force to a force balance. The orientation of the force balance can be varied, and the measured forces from the force balance can be compared to applied loads at various orientations to thereby develop calibration factors.

Force Modelling in Orthogonal Cutting Considering Flank Wear Effect

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rathod, Kanti Bhikhubhai; Lalwani, Devdas I.

2017-05-01

In the present work, an attempt has been made to provide a predictive cutting force model during orthogonal cutting by combining two different force models, that is, a force model for a perfectly sharp tool plus considering the effect of edge radius and a force model for a worn tool. The first force model is for a perfectly sharp tool that is based on Oxley's predictive machining theory for orthogonal cutting as the Oxley's model is for perfectly sharp tool, the effect of cutting edge radius (hone radius) is added and improve model is presented. The second force model is based on worn tool (flank wear) that was proposed by Waldorf. Further, the developed combined force model is also used to predict flank wear width using inverse approach. The performance of the developed combined total force model is compared with the previously published results for AISI 1045 and AISI 4142 materials and found reasonably good agreement.

Comparison between sEMG and force as control interfaces to support planar arm movements in adults with Duchenne: a feasibility study.

PubMed

Lobo-Prat, Joan; Nizamis, Kostas; Janssen, Mariska M H P; Keemink, Arvid Q L; Veltink, Peter H; Koopman, Bart F J M; Stienen, Arno H A

2017-07-12

Adults with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) can benefit from devices that actively support their arm function. A critical component of such devices is the control interface as it is responsible for the human-machine interaction. Our previous work indicated that surface electromyography (sEMG) and force-based control with active gravity and joint-stiffness compensation were feasible solutions for the support of elbow movements (one degree of freedom). In this paper, we extend the evaluation of sEMG- and force-based control interfaces to simultaneous and proportional control of planar arm movements (two degrees of freedom). Three men with DMD (18-23 years-old) with different levels of arm function (i.e. Brooke scores of 4, 5 and 6) performed a series of line-tracing tasks over a tabletop surface using an experimental active arm support. The arm movements were controlled using three control methods: sEMG-based control, force-based control with stiffness compensation (FSC), and force-based control with no compensation (FNC). The movement performance was evaluated in terms of percentage of task completion, tracing error, smoothness and speed. For subject S1 (Brooke 4) FNC was the preferred method and performed better than FSC and sEMG. FNC was not usable for subject S2 (Brooke 5) and S3 (Brooke 6). Subject S2 presented significantly lower movement speed with sEMG than with FSC, yet he preferred sEMG since FSC was perceived to be too fatiguing. Subject S3 could not successfully use neither of the two force-based control methods, while with sEMG he could reach almost his entire workspace. Movement performance and subjective preference of the three control methods differed with the level of arm function of the participants. Our results indicate that all three control methods have to be considered in real applications, as they present complementary advantages and disadvantages. The fact that the two weaker subjects (S2 and S3) experienced the force-based control interfaces as fatiguing suggests that sEMG-based control interfaces could be a better solution for adults with DMD. Yet force-based control interfaces can be a better alternative for those cases in which voluntary forces are higher than the stiffness forces of the arms.

Detecting and Reducing Science Teacher Candidate’s (STC) Misconception About Motion and Force By Using Force Concept Inventory (FCI) and problem Based Learning (PBL)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oktarisa, Y.; Utami, I. S.; Denny, Y. R.

2017-02-01

This study has been done to 34 science teacher candidates of Teachers’ Training and Education Faculty of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University at their first year of study during 2015-2016 school years. This research focused on student’s misconception about motion and force and how Problem Based Learning (PBL) reducing it. Diagnostic test of misconception about motion and force has been detected by using Force Concept Inventory (FCI). FCI had been used in pretest and posttest, and to find the reducing of students’ misconception N-Gain pretest and posttest of each student had been calculated. Quasi experiment one group pretest and posttest had been used as the research method, and Problem Based Learning (PBL) used as the treatment of manipulation. After two weeks learning motion and force with PBL approach, N-gain which obtained prove that misconception about motion and force had been reducing.

Air Force Research Laboratory Preparation for Year 2000.

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-10-05

Air Force Research Laboratory , Phillips Research Site , Kirkland Air Force Base, New...Pentagon, Washington, D.C. 20301-1900. The identity of each writer and caller is fully protected. Acronym AFRL Air Force Research Laboratory INSPECTOR...completion of the implementation phase was May 31, 1999. Air Force Research Laboratory . The Air Force Research