15 CFR Appendix F to Subpart M of... - Davidson Seamount Management Zone

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Davidson Seamount Management Zone F Appendix F to Subpart M of Part 922 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign... Sanctuary Pt. 922, Subpt. M, App. F Appendix F to Subpart M of Part 922—Davidson Seamount Management Zone...

A finite difference Davidson procedure to sidestep full ab initio hessian calculation: Application to characterization of stationary points and transition state searches

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sharada, Shaama Mallikarjun; Bell, Alexis T., E-mail: mhg@bastille.cchem.berkeley.edu, E-mail: bell@cchem.berkeley.edu; Head-Gordon, Martin, E-mail: mhg@bastille.cchem.berkeley.edu, E-mail: bell@cchem.berkeley.edu

2014-04-28

The cost of calculating nuclear hessians, either analytically or by finite difference methods, during the course of quantum chemical analyses can be prohibitive for systems containing hundreds of atoms. In many applications, though, only a few eigenvalues and eigenvectors, and not the full hessian, are required. For instance, the lowest one or two eigenvalues of the full hessian are sufficient to characterize a stationary point as a minimum or a transition state (TS), respectively. We describe here a method that can eliminate the need for hessian calculations for both the characterization of stationary points as well as searches for saddlemore » points. A finite differences implementation of the Davidson method that uses only first derivatives of the energy to calculate the lowest eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the hessian is discussed. This method can be implemented in conjunction with geometry optimization methods such as partitioned-rational function optimization (P-RFO) to characterize stationary points on the potential energy surface. With equal ease, it can be combined with interpolation methods that determine TS guess structures, such as the freezing string method, to generate approximate hessian matrices in lieu of full hessians as input to P-RFO for TS optimization. This approach is shown to achieve significant cost savings relative to exact hessian calculation when applied to both stationary point characterization as well as TS optimization. The basic reason is that the present approach scales one power of system size lower since the rate of convergence is approximately independent of the size of the system. Therefore, the finite-difference Davidson method is a viable alternative to full hessian calculation for stationary point characterization and TS search particularly when analytical hessians are not available or require substantial computational effort.« less

Cole-Davidson dynamics of simple chain models.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dotson, Taylor C.; McCoy, John Dwane; Adolf, Douglas Brian

2008-10-01

Rotational relaxation functions of the end-to-end vector of short, freely jointed and freely rotating chains were determined from molecular dynamics simulations. The associated response functions were obtained from the one-sided Fourier transform of the relaxation functions. The Cole-Davidson function was used to fit the response functions with extensive use being made of Cole-Cole plots in the fitting procedure. For the systems studied, the Cole-Davidson function provided remarkably accurate fits [as compared to the transform of the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) function]. The only appreciable deviations from the simulation results were in the high frequency limit and were due to ballistic or freemore » rotation effects. The accuracy of the Cole-Davidson function appears to be the result of the transition in the time domain from stretched exponential behavior at intermediate time to single exponential behavior at long time. Such a transition can be explained in terms of a distribution of relaxation times with a well-defined longest relaxation time. Since the Cole-Davidson distribution has a sharp cutoff in relaxation time (while the KWW function does not), it makes sense that the Cole-Davidson would provide a better frequency-domain description of the associated response function than the KWW function does.« less

Examining the Relationship between Worry and Trait Anxiety

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kelly, William E.

2004-01-01

It is commonly assumed that worry and anxiety are synonymous. However, there is growing evidence that anxiety and worry are separate, yet related, constructs (i.e., Davey, Hampton, Farrell, & Davidson, 1992; Davey, 1993; Gana, Martin, & Canouet, 2001 ). Worry, is generally defined as a stream of negative thoughts (Kelly & Miller,…

Strategies for College and University Instructional Physical Activity Program (IPAP) Directors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Melton, Bridget F.; Moore, Carrie Sampson; Hoffman, Brandi

2016-01-01

There is a growing trend to rely on part-time instructors including both adjunct faculty and graduate teaching assistants (GTAs) in higher education (Eney & Davidson, 2012). Most kinesiology departments depend on part-time instructors to teach instructional physical activity programs (IPAPs) to the general student population; this is…

An approach to the interpretation of Cole-Davidson and Cole-Cole dielectric functions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Iglesias, T. P.; Vilão, G.; Reis, João Carlos R.

2017-08-01

Assuming that a dielectric sample can be described by Debye's model at each frequency, a method based on Cole's treatment is proposed for the direct estimation at experimental frequencies of relaxation times and the corresponding static and infinite-frequency permittivities. These quantities and the link between dielectric strength and mean molecular dipole moment at each frequency could be useful to analyze dielectric relaxation processes. The method is applied to samples that follow a Cole-Cole or a Cole-Davidson dielectric function. A physical interpretation of these dielectric functions is proposed. The behavior of relaxation time with frequency can be distinguished between the two dielectric functions. The proposed method can also be applied to samples following a Navriliak-Negami or any other dielectric function. The dielectric relaxation of a nanofluid consisting of graphene nanoparticles dispersed in the oil squalane is reported and discussed within the novel framework.

Surgical management of gynecomastia: experience of a general surgery center.

PubMed

Longheu, A; Medas, F; Corrias, F; Farris, S; Tatti, A; Pisano, G; Erdas, E; Calò, P G

2016-01-01

Gynecomastia is a common finding in male population of all ages. The aim of our study was to present our experience and goals in surgical treatment of gynecomastia. Clinical records of patients affected by gynecomastia referred to our Department of Surgery between September 2008 and January 2015 were analyzed. 50 patients were included in this study. Gynecomastia was monolateral in 12 patients (24%) and bilateral in 38 (76%); idiopathic in 41 patients (82%) and secondary in 9 (18%). 39 patients (78%) underwent surgical operation under general anaesthesia, 11 (22%) under local anaesthesia. 3 patients (6%) presented recurrent disease. Webster technique was performed in 28 patients (56%), Davidson technique in 16 patients (32%); in 2 patients (4%) Pitanguy technique was performed and in 4 patients (8%) a mixed surgical technique was performed. Mean surgical time was 80.72±35.14 minutes, median postoperative stay was 1.46±0.88 days. 2 patients (4%) operated using Davidson technique developed a hematoma, 1 patient (2%) operated with the same technique developed hypertrophic scar. Several surgical techniques are described for surgical correction of gynecomastia. If performed by skilled general surgeons surgical treatment of gynecomastia is safe and permits to reach satisfactory aesthetic results.

Eric Davidson and deep time.

PubMed

Erwin, Douglas H

2017-10-13

Eric Davidson had a deep and abiding interest in the role developmental mechanisms played in generating evolutionary patterns documented in deep time, from the origin of the euechinoids to the processes responsible for the morphological architectures of major animal clades. Although not an evolutionary biologist, Davidson's interests long preceded the current excitement over comparative evolutionary developmental biology. Here I discuss three aspects at the intersection between his research and evolutionary patterns in deep time: First, understanding the mechanisms of body plan formation, particularly those associated with the early diversification of major metazoan clades. Second, a critique of early claims about ancestral metazoans based on the discoveries of highly conserved genes across bilaterian animals. Third, Davidson's own involvement in paleontology through a collaborative study of the fossil embryos from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in south China.

Diagnostic accuracy of three scoring methods for the Davidson Trauma Scale among U.S. military veterans.

PubMed

McDonald, Scott D; Thompson, NiVonne L; Stratton, Kelcey J; Calhoun, Patrick S

2014-03-01

Self-report questionnaires are frequently used to identify PTSD among U.S. military personnel and Veterans. Two common scoring methods used to classify PTSD include: (1) a cut score threshold and (2) endorsement of PTSD symptoms meeting DSM-IV-TR symptom cluster criteria (SCM). A third method requiring a cut score in addition to SCM has been proposed, but has received little study. The current study examined the diagnostic accuracy of three scoring methods for the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) among 804 Afghanistan and Iraq war-era military Service Members and Veterans. Data were weighted to approximate the prevalence of PTSD and other Axis I disorders in VA primary care. As expected, adding a cut score criterion to SCM improved specificity and positive predictive power. However, a cut score of 68-72 provided optimal diagnostic accuracy. The utility of the DTS, the role of baseline prevalence, and recommendations for future research are discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Bohr Hamiltonian for γ = 30° with Davidson potential

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yigitoglu, Ibrahim; Gokbulut, Melek

2018-03-01

A γ-rigid solution of the Bohr Hamiltonian for γ = 30° is constructed with the Davidson potential in the β part. This solution is going to be called Z(4)-D. The energy eigenvalues and wave functions are obtained by using the analytic method developed by Nikiforov and Uvarov. The calculated intraband and interband B(E2) transitions rates are presented and compared with the Z(4) model predictions. The staggering behavior in γ-bands is considered to search Z(4) -D candidate nuclei. A variational procedure is applied to demonstrate that the Z(4) model is a solution of the critical point at the shape phase transition from spherical to rigid triaxial rotor.

Consent Decree for Harley-Davidson

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Harley-Davidson will also pay a $12 million civil penalty and spend $3 million on a project to mitigate air pollution through a project to replace conventional woodstoves with cleaner-burning stoves in local communities.

Bending space-time: a commentary on Dyson, Eddington and Davidson (1920) 'A determination of the deflection of light by the Sun's gravitational field'.

PubMed

Longair, Malcolm

2015-04-13

The famous eclipse expedition of 1919 to Sobral, Brazil, and the island of Principe, in the Gulf of Guinea, led by Dyson, Eddington and Davidson was a turning point in the history of relativity, not only because of its importance as a test of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, but also because of the intense public interest which was aroused by the success of the expedition. The dramatic sequence of events which occurred is reviewed, as well as the long-term impact of its success. The gravitational bending of electromagnetic waves by massive bodies is a subject of the greatest importance for contemporary and future astronomy, astrophysics and cosmology. Examples of the potential impact of this key tool of modern observational astronomy are presented. This commentary was written to celebrate the 350th anniversary of the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society.

A Well-Tempered Hybrid Method for Solving Challenging Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT) Systems.

PubMed

Kasper, Joseph M; Williams-Young, David B; Vecharynski, Eugene; Yang, Chao; Li, Xiaosong

2018-04-10

The time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) equations allow one to probe electronic resonances of a system quickly and inexpensively. However, the iterative solution of the eigenvalue problem can be challenging or impossible to converge, using standard methods such as the Davidson algorithm for spectrally dense regions in the interior of the spectrum, as are common in X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). More robust solvers, such as the generalized preconditioned locally harmonic residual (GPLHR) method, can alleviate this problem, but at the expense of higher average computational cost. A hybrid method is proposed which adapts to the problem in order to maximize computational performance while providing the superior convergence of GPLHR. In addition, a modification to the GPLHR algorithm is proposed to adaptively choose the shift parameter to enforce a convergence of states above a predefined energy threshold.

From Lyme Disease to Art and Advocacy | NIH MedlinePlus the Magazine

MedlinePlus

... Tick Bites Follow us From Lyme Disease to Art and Advocacy Bruce Davidson always enjoyed the outdoors. ... his recovery, Davidson has become "hyper-focused" on art and uses these talents to help others. "I ...

John A. Davidson: Coccidologist, artist, teacher and naturalist

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Dr. John Davidson was honored at the XIV International Symposium on Scale Insect Studies with the Career Achievement award for his outstanding research on scale insects, particularly armored scales. His contributions with colleagues and students include a comprehensive treatise on the economic armo...

Weak turbulence theory for beam-plasma interaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yoon, Peter H.

2018-01-01

The kinetic theory of weak plasma turbulence, of which Ronald C. Davidson was an important early pioneer [R. C. Davidson, Methods in Nonlinear Plasma Theory, (Academic Press, New York, 1972)], is a venerable and valid theory that may be applicable to a large number of problems in both laboratory and space plasmas. This paper applies the weak turbulence theory to the problem of gentle beam-plasma interaction and Langmuir turbulence. It is shown that the beam-plasma interaction undergoes various stages of physical processes starting from linear instability, to quasilinear saturation, to mode coupling that takes place after the quasilinear stage, followed by a state of quasi-static "turbulent equilibrium." The long term quasi-equilibrium stage is eventually perturbed by binary collisional effects in order to bring the plasma to a thermodynamic equilibrium with increased entropy.

Bending space–time: a commentary on Dyson, Eddington and Davidson (1920) ‘A determination of the deflection of light by the Sun's gravitational field’

PubMed Central

Longair, Malcolm

2015-01-01

The famous eclipse expedition of 1919 to Sobral, Brazil, and the island of Principe, in the Gulf of Guinea, led by Dyson, Eddington and Davidson was a turning point in the history of relativity, not only because of its importance as a test of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, but also because of the intense public interest which was aroused by the success of the expedition. The dramatic sequence of events which occurred is reviewed, as well as the long-term impact of its success. The gravitational bending of electromagnetic waves by massive bodies is a subject of the greatest importance for contemporary and future astronomy, astrophysics and cosmology. Examples of the potential impact of this key tool of modern observational astronomy are presented. This commentary was written to celebrate the 350th anniversary of the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. PMID:25750149

Collective motion in prolate γ-rigid nuclei within minimal length concept via a quantum perturbation method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chabab, M.; El Batoul, A.; Lahbas, A.; Oulne, M.

2018-05-01

Based on the minimal length concept, inspired by Heisenberg algebra, a closed analytical formula is derived for the energy spectrum of the prolate γ-rigid Bohr-Mottelson Hamiltonian of nuclei, within a quantum perturbation method (QPM), by considering a scaled Davidson potential in β shape variable. In the resulting solution, called X(3)-D-ML, the ground state and the first β-band are all studied as a function of the free parameters. The fact of introducing the minimal length concept with a QPM makes the model very flexible and a powerful approach to describe nuclear collective excitations of a variety of vibrational-like nuclei. The introduction of scaling parameters in the Davidson potential enables us to get a physical minimum of this latter in comparison with previous works. The analysis of the corrected wave function, as well as the probability density distribution, shows that the minimal length parameter has a physical upper bound limit.

77 FR 59829 - List of Nonconforming Vehicles Decided To Be Eligible for Importation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-01

..., the environment, public health or safety, or State, local, or Tribal governments or communities; (2... concern an environmental, health, or safety risk that NHTSA has reason to believe may have a... ..... ..... Harley Davidson (MC)......... FX, FL, XL & VR 2004 422 ..... ..... Series. Harley Davidson (MC...

Parentification and Resilience among Students with Clinical and Nonclinical Aspirations: A Cross-Sectional Quantitative Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yew, Wan Ping; Siau, Ching Sin; Kwong, Su Fong

2017-01-01

This study examined the relationship between level of parentification and resilience among students with clinical and nonclinical aspirations in Malaysia. A total of 419 college students were surveyed using the Parentification Questionnaire (Jurkovic & Thirkield, 1998) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (Connor & Davidson, 2003). Results…

Advanced Diagnostics for Reacting Flows

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-11-20

Ingeniera Mecanica , 17-19 Dec. 1990, Zaragosa, Spain; published in Congress Proceedings. 19. D. F. Davidson, A. Y. Chang, M. D. DiRosa and R. K. Hanson... Mecanica , 17-19 Dec. 1990, Zaragosa, Spain; published in Congress Proceedings. 14. D. F. Davidson, A. Y. Chang, M. D. DiRosa and R. K. Hanson

77 FR 24382 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; North Carolina; Annual Emissions...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-24

..., Lincoln, Rowan, and Union Counties in their entireties and Davidson Township and Coddle Creek Township in..., Durham, Forsyth, Gaston, Guilford, Mecklenburg, and Wake County, the Dutchville Township in Granville... entireties and Davidson Township and Coddle Creek Township in Iredell County to the annual emissions...

Enhancing Thinking through Cooperative Learning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davidson, Neil, Ed.; Worsham, Toni, Ed.

This collection of papers provides a theoretical foundation on current practice in cooperative thinking. The papers offer many practical methods that can be applied to a full range of classroom settings. After an introduction, "HOTSICLE: Higher Order Thinking Skills in Cooperative Learning Environments" (Neil Davidson and Toni Worsham),…

78 FR 54182 - List of Nonconforming Vehicles Decided To Be Eligible for Importation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-03

... health or safety, or State, local, or Tribal governments or communities; (2) Create a serious... concern an environmental, health, or safety risk that NHTSA has reason to believe may have a...) FL Series 2010 528 Harley Davidson (MC) FX, FL, XL & VR Series......... 2004 422 Harley Davidson (MC...

The Secret Life of Slurs from the Perspective of Reported Speech

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Salmani Nodoushan, Mohammad Ali

2015-01-01

Research on reported speech is old, but scholars working in this field are inclined to see its roots in Davidson's (1968) paratactic account of indirect reports. Although Davidson aimed at a "truth-conditional" theory of indirect reports which could challenge ideational, use, and psychological theories, his paratactic view--of which the…

15 CFR Appendix F to Subpart M of... - Davidson Seamount Management Zone

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Davidson Seamount Management Zone F Appendix F to Subpart M of Part 922 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE OCEAN AND...

76 FR 59578 - List of Nonconforming Vehicles Decided To Be Eligible for Importation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-27

... health or safety, or State, local, or Tribal governments or communities; (2) Create a serious... does not concern an environmental, health, or safety risk that NHTSA has reason to believe may have a.......... 1987-1997 202 Harley Davidson (MC) FL Series 2010 528 Harley Davidson (MC) FX, FL, XL & VR Series...

Selected List of Materials. Sarah K. Davidson Family-Patient Library.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sanders, Susan, Comp.; Satterwhite, Betty, Comp.

Designed as an aid for those wishing to establish pediatric health education resource centers for use by patients and their families, this bibliography lists selected holdings of the Sarah K. Davidson Family-Patient Library, which is located in the Strong Memorial Hospital of the University of Rochester, New York. It is noted that all…

Wiki Use That Increases Communication and Collaboration Motivation: A Reflection Several Semesters Later

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davidson, Robyn

2015-01-01

The article "Wiki use that increases communication and collaboration motivation" (Davidson, 2012) appeared in the "Journal of Learning Design," Volume 5, Issue 2 in 2012. Three years on, Robyn Davidson reflects upon her original article. This article gave an account of how wikis were used as a platform to provide an opportunity…

An Approximate Model for the Performance and Acoustic Predictions of Counterrotating Propeller Configurations. M.S. Thesis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Denner, Brett William

1989-01-01

An approximate method was developed to analyze and predict the acoustics of a counterrotating propeller configuration. The method employs the analytical techniques of Lock and Theodorsen as described by Davidson to predict the steady performance of a counterrotating configuration. Then, a modification of the method of Lesieutre is used to predict the unsteady forces on the blades. Finally, the steady and unsteady loads are used in the numerical method of Succi to predict the unsteady acoustics of the propeller. The numerical results are compared with experimental acoustic measurements of a counterrotating propeller configuration by Gazzaniga operating under several combinations of advance ratio, blade pitch, and number of blades. In addition, a constant-speed commuter-class propeller configuration was designed with the Davidson method and the acoustics analyzed at three advance ratios. Noise levels and frequency spectra were calculated at a number of locations around the configuration. The directivity patterns of the harmonics in both the horizontal and vertical planes were examined, with the conclusion that the noise levels of the even harmonics are relatively independent of direction whereas the noise levels of the odd harmonics are extremely dependent on azimuthal direction in the horizontal plane. The equations of Succi are examined to explain this behavior.

Dynamic Restarting Schemes for Eigenvalue Problems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wu, Kesheng; Simon, Horst D.

1999-03-10

In studies of restarted Davidson method, a dynamic thick-restart scheme was found to be excellent in improving the overall effectiveness of the eigen value method. This paper extends the study of the dynamic thick-restart scheme to the Lanczos method for symmetric eigen value problems and systematically explore a range of heuristics and strategies. We conduct a series of numerical tests to determine their relative strength and weakness on a class of electronic structure calculation problems.

Targeting Histone Abnormality in Triple Negative Breast Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-08-01

Davidson NE. The Health Consequences of Smoking—50 Years of Progress. A Report of the Surgeon General. US Department of Health and Human Service...LSD1 proteins in human primary breast tumor specimens. By using in vitro and in vivo models, we identified that sulforaphane (SFN), a natural bioactive...characterized genes in the human genome. Raw intensity data were normalized by the Robust Multi-array Average (RMA). Student’s t- tests were

Joyce McLaren | NREL

Science.gov Websites

. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NREL/TP-6A20-64852. McLaren, J. 2015. Reaching 100 Laboratory. NREL/BR-6A20-62490. McLaren J., C. Davidson, J. Miller, and L. Bird. "Impact of Rate Design . Davidson, J. McLaren, and J. Miller. 2015. Impact of Rate Design Alternatives on Residential Solar Customer

The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale as a Positive Psychology Measure for People with Spinal Cord Injuries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fujikawa, Mayu; Lee, Eun-Jeong; Chan, Fong; Catalano, Denise; Hunter, Celeste; Bengtson, Kevin; Rahimi, Maryam

2013-01-01

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the measurement structure of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) as a positive psychology measure for people with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) using confirmatory factor analysis. The participants consisted of 274 Canadians with SCI living in the community. The result indicated that the…

Reliability and validity of the Khmer version of the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (Kh-CD-RISC10) in Cambodian adolescents.

PubMed

Duong, Chanmettachampavieng; Hurst, Cameron P

2016-06-08

Resilience has been characterized as a defensive factor against the refinement of mental health problems. This study adapted the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (Kh-CD-RISC10) for use in Khmer adolescents and subsequently investigates its psychometric properties. Using stratified random sampling, this cross-sectional study sampled Cambodian adolescents from high schools selected randomly within three provinces (Phnom Penh, Battambang and Mondulkiri)-location (rural, urban) combinations. Parallel analysis was used to identify the number of component(s), and the structure of the single factor was subsequently explored using principal axis factoring. A confirmatory factor analysis was then performed to establish the fit of the Kh-CD-RISC10 to another sample. To assess convergent validity, the factor scores of the Khmer version of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale were categorized into three levels, and then the general negative affectivity (GNA) and physiological hyperarousal (PH) scales (derived from the DASS 21) were compared among the three resilience groups. Of the 798 participants who responded (responded rate = 82.26 %), 440 (41.23 %) were female and the age ranged from 14 to 24 years old (mean = 17.36, SD = 1.325). The internal consistency of the Khmer 10-item CD-RISC was also shown to be high in Cambodian adolescents (Cronbach's alpha = 0. 82). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed the single factor model fit data adequately (χ(2) = 100.103, df = 35, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.9484, RMSEA = 0.0384). We found that there were significant differences in both General Negative affectivity and Physiological Hyperarousal among the three resilience groups (FGNA = 12. 84, df = 2, p < 0.001; FPH = 13. 01, df = 2, p < 0.001). The results from the present study indicate that the Khmer version of CD-RISC shows good psychometric properties in Cambodian adolescents. Our result confirms that a single dimension underlay the 10 items on the CD-RISC scale of this population, and can be used to assess the resilience comparing to the level of PTSD symptoms in general Khmer adolescent.

State of Utopia v. Jamie Davidson. 2002-2003 Oklahoma High School Mock Trial Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Benischek, Sandra; Davis, Courtney; Horton, Johnathan; Longwell, Nicole; Williams, Keri

In the spring of 2001, illegal drug use had risen by 40% among teens in the town of Springdale, Utopia. School administrators and the Springdale Police Department decided to implement a crackdown on teen drug use in all high schools in Springdale. A high school principal received a tip on a hotline that Jamie Davidson, a senior, had been seen…

Normative data and psychometric properties of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the abbreviated version (CD-RISC2) among the general population in Hong Kong.

PubMed

Ni, Michael Y; Li, Tom K; Yu, Nancy X; Pang, Herbert; Chan, Brandford H Y; Leung, Gabriel M; Stewart, Sunita M

2016-01-01

To examine whether the two-item version (CD-RISC2) of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) has adequate internal consistency and construct validity, as well as significant correlation with the full scale, and to provide normative data for the CD-RISC and the CD-RISC2 in a Chinese general population in Hong Kong. In total, 10,997 randomly selected participants aged ≥20 years completed the Chinese version of the CD-RISC (including the 2 items of the CD-RISC2), the Patient Health Questionnaire, Family Harmony Scale, Family APGAR, and CAGE Questionnaire. Internal consistency and convergent and discriminant validity of the CD-RISC and CD-RISC2 were assessed. Cronbach's α for CD-RISC and CD-RISC2 was 0.97 and 0.79, respectively. CD-RISC2 was associated with the 25-item version of the CD-RISC (r = 0.88), depressive symptoms (r s = -0.18), family harmony (r = 0.20), family functioning (r = 0.27) and was not associated with alcohol consumption (r = 0.05). The mean score for the CD-RISC and CD-RISC2 was 59.99 (SD = 13.92) and 5.03 (SD = 1.37), respectively. Men, younger individuals, and those with higher education or higher household income reported higher resilience levels. The Chinese version of the CD-RISC2 was demonstrated to be a reliable and valid measure in assessing resilience among the general population in Hong Kong.

Algorithm-Eigenvalue Estimation of Hyperspectral Wishart Covariance Matrices from a Limited Number of Samples

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-03-01

ALGORITHM—EIGENVALUE ESTIMATION OF HYPERSPECTRAL WISHART COVARIANCE MATRICES FROM A LIMITED NUMBER OF SAMPLES ECBC-TN-067 Avishai Ben- David ...NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) Ben- David , Avishai (ECBC) and Davidson, Charles E. (STC) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7...and published by Avishai Ben- David and Charles E. Davidson (Eigenvalue Estimation of Hyperspectral WishartCovariance Matrices from Limited Number of

An Analysis of the Metrics Used in the United States Navy’s Enlisted Supply Chain As They Apply to the Royal Australian Navy

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-12-01

and Hill, 1988; Williamson, 1981), enhances socialization (Edwards, 1979), and lowers transaction costs ( Mahoney , 1992; Williamson, 1975). It does...much information as possible about its workforce to ensure it is managed effectively and efficiently (Davidson & Newman , 2006). Data measurement of...112 Cappelli, P. (2009b). A Supply Chain Approach to Workforce Planning. Organizational Dynamics, 38(1), 8–15. Davidson, G., & Newman , E

Towards an accurate representation of electrostatics in classical force fields: Efficient implementation of multipolar interactions in biomolecular simulations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sagui, Celeste; Pedersen, Lee G.; Darden, Thomas A.

2004-01-01

The accurate simulation of biologically active macromolecules faces serious limitations that originate in the treatment of electrostatics in the empirical force fields. The current use of "partial charges" is a significant source of errors, since these vary widely with different conformations. By contrast, the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) obtained through the use of a distributed multipole moment description, has been shown to converge to the quantum MEP outside the van der Waals surface, when higher order multipoles are used. However, in spite of the considerable improvement to the representation of the electronic cloud, higher order multipoles are not part of current classical biomolecular force fields due to the excessive computational cost. In this paper we present an efficient formalism for the treatment of higher order multipoles in Cartesian tensor formalism. The Ewald "direct sum" is evaluated through a McMurchie-Davidson formalism [L. McMurchie and E. Davidson, J. Comput. Phys. 26, 218 (1978)]. The "reciprocal sum" has been implemented in three different ways: using an Ewald scheme, a particle mesh Ewald (PME) method, and a multigrid-based approach. We find that even though the use of the McMurchie-Davidson formalism considerably reduces the cost of the calculation with respect to the standard matrix implementation of multipole interactions, the calculation in direct space remains expensive. When most of the calculation is moved to reciprocal space via the PME method, the cost of a calculation where all multipolar interactions (up to hexadecapole-hexadecapole) are included is only about 8.5 times more expensive than a regular AMBER 7 [D. A. Pearlman et al., Comput. Phys. Commun. 91, 1 (1995)] implementation with only charge-charge interactions. The multigrid implementation is slower but shows very promising results for parallelization. It provides a natural way to interface with continuous, Gaussian-based electrostatics in the future. It is hoped that this new formalism will facilitate the systematic implementation of higher order multipoles in classical biomolecular force fields.

1985 Update of Materials in the Sarah K. Davidson Family-Patient Health Education Library with Addresses of Publishers of All Listings, and Addresses of Resources from Which Pamphlets and Fact Sheets Are Available.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stevenson, Betty Satterwhite, Ed.

This update of a bibliography published in 1981 lists selected holdings of the Sarah K. Davidson Family-Patient Library, which is located in the Strong Memorial Hospital of the University of Rochester (New York); it is intended for use with the original bibliography. To aid in ordering books and seeking further information on various topics, this…

Targeting histone abnormality in triple negative breast cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-08-01

ELEMENT NUMBER N/A 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER N/A Yi Huang, M.D., Ph.D. 5e. TASK NUMBER N/A E -Mail:huangy2@upmc.edu 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER...prevention. This funded Breast Cancer Breakthrough Award is initially a partnership between Dr. Yi Huang (initiating PI) and Dr. Nancy E . Davidson...partner PI). During the current funding period, Dr. Nancy E . Davidson moved to University of Washington at Seattle and transferred the Partnering PI to

Spectral ’Fingerprinting’ of Phytoplankton Populations by Two-Dimensional Fluorescence and Fourier-Transform-Based Pattern Recognition.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-07-08

comparison to a library of known spectra. A preliminary study (Warner et al., 1984) of the application of this method to the pattern recognition of...case, the spectra from two blue-green algae are shown. Figure 3A indicates phycocyanin as the major fluorophore and 3B indicates phycoerythrin. Except...445. Ho, C.H., G.D. Christian, and E.R. Davidson, 1978. Application of the method of rank annihilation to quantitative analyses of multicomponent

Assessment of Oil Pretreatment Technologies to Improve Performance of Reverse Osmosis Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-06-19

CVHIZ H H 14 1C H2 NH 1 cnxz I I C, C-C - C-H H H 1 H-C-H N NAPHTHENES Cyclhe zaoa. C Hsa CH, CHa CnHZn CH2 C > CH, CH, CH2 AROMATICS (no general...aromatics, and naphthenes , plus related hydrocarbon derivatives of sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen that were not removed by refining. Olefins are absent...magnesium (Davidson, 1978). Lime, caustic soda or magnesium in the oxide or carbonate form are usually used. Figure 3.14. presents a typical flow diagram

Koopmans' theorem in the Hartree-Fock method. General formulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plakhutin, Boris N.

2018-03-01

This work presents a general formulation of Koopmans' theorem (KT) in the Hartree-Fock (HF) method which is applicable to molecular and atomic systems with arbitrary orbital occupancies and total electronic spin including orbitally degenerate (OD) systems. The new formulation is based on the full set of variational conditions imposed upon the HF orbitals by the variational principle for the total energy and the conditions imposed by KT on the orbitals of an ionized electronic shell [B. N. Plakhutin and E. R. Davidson, J. Chem. Phys. 140, 014102 (2014)]. Based on these conditions, a general form of the restricted open-shell HF method is developed, whose eigenvalues (orbital energies) obey KT for the whole energy spectrum. Particular attention is paid to the treatment of OD systems, for which the new method gives a number of unexpected results. For example, the present method gives four different orbital energies for the triply degenerate atomic level 2p in the second row atoms B to F. Based on both KT conditions and a parallel treatment of atoms B to F within a limited configuration interaction approach, we prove that these four orbital energies, each of which is triply degenerate, are related via KT to the energies of different spin-dependent ionization and electron attachment processes (2p)N → (2p ) N ±1. A discussion is also presented of specific limitations of the validity of KT in the HF method which arise in OD systems. The practical applicability of the theory is verified by comparing KT estimates of the ionization potentials I2s and I2p for the second row open-shell atoms Li to F with the relevant experimental data.

Psychometric properties of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale in a Spanish sample of entrepreneurs.

PubMed

Manzano-García, Guadalupe; Ayala Calvo, Juan Carlos

2013-01-01

The literature regarding entrepreneurship suggests that the resilience of entrepreneurs may help to explain entrepreneurial success, but there is no resilience measure widely accepted by researchers. This study analyzes the psychometric properties of the Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) in a sample of Spanish entrepreneurs. A telephone survey research method was used. The participants were entrepreneurs operating in the business services sector. Interviewers telephoned a total of 900 entrepreneurs of whom 783 produced usable questionnaires. The CD-RISC was used as data collection instrument. We used principal component analysis factor and confirmatory factor analysis to determine the factor structure of the CD-RISC. Confirmatory factor analysis failed to verify the original five-factor structure of the CD-RISC, whereas principal component analysis factor yielded a 3-factor structure of resilience (hardiness, resourcefulness and optimism). In this research, 47.48% of the total variance was accounted for by three factors, and the obtained factor structure was verified through confirmatory factor analysis. The CD-RISC has been shown to be a reliable and valid tool for measuring entrepreneurs' resilience.

A program for the fitting of Debye, Cole-Cole, Cole-Davidson, and Havriliak-Negami dispersions to dielectric data.

PubMed

Grosse, Constantino

2014-04-01

The description and interpretation of dielectric spectroscopy data usually require the use of analytical functions, which include unknown parameters that must be determined iteratively by means of a fitting procedure. This is not a trivial task and much effort has been spent to find the best way to accomplish it. While the theoretical approach based on the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is well known, no freely available program specifically adapted to the dielectric spectroscopy problem exists to the best of our knowledge. Moreover, even the more general commercial packages usually fail on the following aspects: (1) allow to keep temporarily fixed some of the parameters, (2) allow to freely specify the uncertainty values for each data point, (3) check that parameter values fall within prescribed bounds during the fitting process, and (4) allow to fit either the real, or the imaginary, or simultaneously both parts of the complex permittivity. A program that satisfies all these requirements and allows fitting any superposition of the Debye, Cole-Cole, Cole-Davidson, and Havriliak-Negami dispersions plus a conductivity term to measured dielectric spectroscopy data is presented. It is available on request from the author. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Boveri's research at the Zoological Station Naples: Rediscovery of his original microscope slides at the University of Würzburg.

PubMed

Scheer, Ulrich

2018-02-14

Eric Davidson once wrote about Theodor Boveri: "From his own researches, and perhaps most important, his generalized interpretations, derive the paradigms that underlie modern inquiries into the genomic basis of embryogenesis" (Davidson, 1985). As luck would have it, the "primary data" of Boveri's experimental work, namely the microscope slides prepared by him and his wife Marcella during several stays at the Zoological Station in Naples (1901/02, 1911/12 and 1914), have survived at the University of Würzburg. More than 600 slides exist and despite their age they are in a surprisingly good condition. The slides are labelled and dated in Boveri's handwriting and thus can be assigned to his published experimental work on sea urchin development. The results allowed Boveri to unravel the role of the cell nucleus and its chromosomes in development and inheritance. Here, I present an overview of the slides in the context of Boveri's work along with photographic images of selected specimens taken from the original slides. It is planned to examine the slides in more detail, take high-resolution focal image series of significant specimens and make them online available. Copyright © 2018 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A Ratio Method for Fluorescence Spectral Deconvolution.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-11-20

Christian, Gary , Abstr. 178th Meeting, ACS 1979, Vol. 1, Anal. 59. 10. Shelly, D. C.; Ilger, W. A.; Fogarty, M. P.; Warner, I. M.; Altex Chromatogram 1979, 3...Warner, Isiah M., Appl. Spec. 1980 34, 438-445. 13. Warner, Isiah, M.; Callis, James B.; Davidson, Ernest R.; Christian, Gary D., Clin. Chem. (Winston...R. A. Osteryoung Dr. G. M. Hieftje Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry State University of New York Indiana University at Buffalo

Query Optimization by Semantic Reasoning.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-05-01

condition holds, then formulas X and Y are said to be ,nerge-compatible. Let xi be the variable in X that corresponds to variable yj in Y (x is not...Davidson, Ramez EI-Masri, Sheldon Finkelstein, Hector Garcia, Mohammed Olumi, Tom Rogers, Neil Rowe, David Shaw, and Kyu-Young Whang . Special credit...for the simple queries, along with cost formulas and applicability conditions for the methods. Most recently has come the development of optimizers for

Proceedings of Biological Actions of Extracellular ATP Conference Held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on 27-19 November 1990. (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. Volume 603)

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-12-16

Uncomplexed with Divalent Cations Activate a Receptor Coupled to Phosphoinositidase C in iitar Cells. By J. S. DAVIDsoN, 1. WAKEFIEL, P. A. VAN DER ...selective antagonist, at least over a limited concentration range)." ’ Studies of the pharma - cological actions of isopolar phosphonate analogues of...139 VAN DER MERWE, F A, 1. K WAKEFIELD, I FINE, R, P. MILLAR & 3. S. DAVIDSON, 1989 FEltS Lell 243: 333-336. 140 HARDEN, T K, J L BOYER, It A BROWN

Physlets and Web-based Physics Curricular Material

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cain, L. S.; Boye, D. M.; Christian, W.

1998-11-01

The WWW provides the most uniformly standardized and stable mode of networked information sharing available to date. Physlets, scriptable Java applets specific to physics pedagogy, provide the source around which interactive exercises can be created across the physics curriculum. We have developed WWW-based curricular materials appropriate for courses at the introductory and intermediate level. These include interactive demonstrations, homework assignments, pre-lab and post-lab exercises. A variety of examples, which have been used in courses in musical technology, general physics, physics for non-science majors, and modern physics, will be discussed.

Five million years of compositionally diverse, episodic volcanism: Construction of Davidson Seamount atop an abandoned spreading center

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Clague, D. A.; Paduan, J. B.; Duncan, R. A.; Huard, J. J.; Davis, A. S.; Castillo, P. R.; Lonsdale, P.; Devogelaere, A.

2009-12-01

Davidson Seamount, a volcano located about 80 km off the central California coast, has a volume of ˜320 km3 and consists of a series of parallel ridges serrated with steep cones. Davidson was sampled and its morphology observed during 27 ROV Tiburon dives. During those dives, 286 samples of lava, volcaniclastite, and erratics from the continental margin were collected, with additional samples from one ROV-collected push core and four gravity cores. We report glass compositions for 99 samples and 40Ar-39Ar incremental heating age data for 20 of the samples. The glass analyses are of hawaiite (62%), mugearite (13%), alkalic basalt (9%), and tephrite (8%), with minor transitional basalt (2%), benmoreite (2%), and trachyandesite (2%). The lithologies are irregularly distributed in space and time. The volcano erupted onto crust inferred to be 20 Ma from seafloor magnetic anomalies. Ages of the lavas range from 9.8 to 14.8 Ma. The oldest rocks are from the central ridge, and the youngest are from the flanks and southern end of the edifice. The compositions of the 18 reliably dated volcanic cones vary with age such that the oldest lavas are the most fractionated. The melts lost 65% to nearly 95% of their initial S because of bubble loss during vesiculation, and the shallowest samples have S contents similar to lava erupted subaerially in Hawaii. Despite this similarity in S contents, there is scant other evidence to suggest that Davidson was ever an island. The numerous small cones of disparate chemistry and the long eruptive period suggest episodic growth of the volcano over at least 5 Myr and perhaps as long as 10 Myr if it began to grow when the spreading ridge was abandoned.

The role of N2O derived from crop-based biofuels, and from agriculture in general, in Earth's climate

PubMed Central

Smith, Keith A.; Mosier, Arvin R.; Crutzen, Paul J.; Winiwarter, Wilfried

2012-01-01

In earlier work, we compared the amount of newly fixed nitrogen (N, as synthetic fertilizer and biologically fixed N) entering agricultural systems globally to the total emission of nitrous oxide (N2O). We obtained an N2O emission factor (EF) of 3–5%, and applied it to biofuel production. For ‘first-generation’ biofuels, e.g. biodiesel from rapeseed and bioethanol from corn (maize), that require N fertilizer, N2O from biofuel production could cause (depending on N uptake efficiency) as much or more global warming as that avoided by replacement of fossil fuel by the biofuel. Our subsequent calculations in a follow-up paper, using published life cycle analysis (LCA) models, led to broadly similar conclusions. The N2O EF applies to agricultural crops in general, not just to biofuel crops, and has made possible a top-down estimate of global emissions from agriculture. Independent modelling by another group using bottom-up IPCC inventory methodology has shown good agreement at the global scale with our top-down estimate. Work by Davidson showed that the rate of accumulation of N2O in the atmosphere in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries was greater than that predicted from agricultural inputs limited to fertilizer N and biologically fixed N (Davidson, E. A. 2009 Nat. Geosci. 2, 659–662.). However, by also including soil organic N mineralized following land-use change and NOx deposited from the atmosphere in our estimates of the reactive N entering the agricultural cycle, we have now obtained a good fit between the observed atmospheric N2O concentrations from 1860 to 2000 and those calculated on the basis of a 4 per cent EF for the reactive N. PMID:22451102

Larval development of Brachiopod Coptothyris grayi (Davidson, 1852) (Brachiopoda, Rhynchonelliformea).

PubMed

Kuzmina, T V; Temereva, E N; Malakhov, V V

2016-11-01

The larval development of the Brachiopod Coptothyris grayi (Davidson, 1852) from the Sea of Japan is described for the first time. Ciliated blastula proved to represent the first free-swimming stage. The blastopore is initially formed as a rounded hole stretching later along the anteroposterior axis. The larva is first divided into two lobes (the apical lobe and the trunk); the mantle lobe is formed later as two lateral folds. Two pairs of seta bundles appear in the late stage larvae. The apical larval lobe in brachiopods is supposed to match the pre-oral lobe and anterior part of the trunk with tentacles in phoronids.

Dow and Mary Davidson residence - A residence in a hot humid climate with major living spaces in rooms without walls

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Holder, L.M. III; Holder, L.M. IV

Dow Davidson works out of his home while his wife, Mary, home schools their three children. The entire family uses the house full time throughout the year. Dow and Mary Davidson stressed the importance of a home with minimal site disruption while providing for as many human needs as practical. Specific requirements were for harmony with the natural climate and adjacent bird sanctuary. The clients had a strong preference for a pole structural system reflecting buildings they were familiar with in Hawaii. The house was designed as a pole structure utilizing passive solar heating, natural ventilation, night flushing, daylighting, rainwatermore » harvesting, and an outdoor and indoor living area without walled separation from the climate. This type of open indoor/outdoor living is an extension of the Hawaiian experience. Use of the pole structure system provided compatibility between the residence and the neighboring bird habitat. The completed house easily blended with the surrounding vegetation due to the extensive use of natural materials. Exterior walks and drives, made from caliche and mulch (harvested from cedar cut on-site), helped further balance the structure with the terrain and vegetation.« less

Effects of septic-tank effluent on ground-water quality in northern Williamson County and southern Davidson County, Tennessee

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hanchar, D.W.

1991-01-01

An investigation of the potential contamination of ground water from septic tank systems blasted in bedrock in Williamson and Davidson Counties, Tennessee, was conducted during 1988-89. Water samples were collected from domestic and observation wells, springs, and surface-water sites in a residential subdivision in the northern part of Williamson County near Nashville. The subdivision has a high density of septic-tank field lines installed into blasted bedrock Water samples also were collected from a well located in an area of Davidson County where field lines were installed in 5 feet of soil. Samples were analyzed for major inorganic constituents, nutrients, total organic carbon, optical brighteners, and bacteria. Although results of analyses of water samples from wells indicate no effect of septic-tank effluent on ground-water quality at these sites, water from two springs located downgradient from the subdivision had slightly larger concentrations of nitrite plus nitrate (2.2 and 2.7 milligrams per liter N), and much larger concentrations of fecal coliform and fecal streptococci bacteria (2,000 to 3,200 and 700 to 900 colonies per 100 milliliters of sample, respectively), than other wells and springs sampled during 1988. Water from one of these springs contained optical brighteners, which indicates that septic-tank effluent is affecting ground-water quality.

Efficient block preconditioned eigensolvers for linear response time-dependent density functional theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vecharynski, Eugene; Brabec, Jiri; Shao, Meiyue; Govind, Niranjan; Yang, Chao

2017-12-01

We present two efficient iterative algorithms for solving the linear response eigenvalue problem arising from the time dependent density functional theory. Although the matrix to be diagonalized is nonsymmetric, it has a special structure that can be exploited to save both memory and floating point operations. In particular, the nonsymmetric eigenvalue problem can be transformed into an eigenvalue problem that involves the product of two matrices M and K. We show that, because MK is self-adjoint with respect to the inner product induced by the matrix K, this product eigenvalue problem can be solved efficiently by a modified Davidson algorithm and a modified locally optimal block preconditioned conjugate gradient (LOBPCG) algorithm that make use of the K-inner product. The solution of the product eigenvalue problem yields one component of the eigenvector associated with the original eigenvalue problem. We show that the other component of the eigenvector can be easily recovered in an inexpensive postprocessing procedure. As a result, the algorithms we present here become more efficient than existing methods that try to approximate both components of the eigenvectors simultaneously. In particular, our numerical experiments demonstrate that the new algorithms presented here consistently outperform the existing state-of-the-art Davidson type solvers by a factor of two in both solution time and storage.

Solving large sparse eigenvalue problems on supercomputers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Philippe, Bernard; Saad, Youcef

1988-01-01

An important problem in scientific computing consists in finding a few eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors of a very large and sparse matrix. The most popular methods to solve these problems are based on projection techniques on appropriate subspaces. The main attraction of these methods is that they only require the use of the matrix in the form of matrix by vector multiplications. The implementations on supercomputers of two such methods for symmetric matrices, namely Lanczos' method and Davidson's method are compared. Since one of the most important operations in these two methods is the multiplication of vectors by the sparse matrix, methods of performing this operation efficiently are discussed. The advantages and the disadvantages of each method are compared and implementation aspects are discussed. Numerical experiments on a one processor CRAY 2 and CRAY X-MP are reported. Possible parallel implementations are also discussed.

Performance and acoustic prediction of counterrotating propeller configurations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Denner, B. W.; Korkan, K. D.

1989-01-01

The Davidson (1981) numerical method is used to predict the performance of a counterrotating propeller configuration over a range of different front and back disk rotation speeds with constant-speed propellers; this has yielded such overall performance parameters as integrated thrust, torque, and power, as well as the radial variation of blade torque and thrust. Since the unsteady component of the noise from a counterrotating propeller configuration is minimal in the plane of the propeller disk, this approach is restricted to noise-level predictions for observer locations in this region.

Second-Order Moller-Plesset Perturbation Theory for Molecular Dirac-Hartree-Fock Wave Functions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dyall, Kenneth G.; Arnold, James O. (Technical Monitor)

1994-01-01

Moller-Plesset perturbation theory is developed to second order for a selection of Kramers restricted Dirac-Hartree-Fock closed and open-shell reference wave functions. The open-shell wave functions considered are limited to those with no more than two electrons in open shells, but include the case of a two-configuration SCF reference. Denominator shifts are included in the style of Davidson's OPT2 method. An implementation which uses unordered integrals with labels is presented, and results are given for a few test cases.

Dielectric Properties of Binary Solvent Mixtures of Dimethyl Sulfoxide with Water

PubMed Central

Yang, Li-Jun; Yang, Xiao-Qing; Huang, Ka-Ma; Jia, Guo-Zhu; Shang, Hui

2009-01-01

In this paper, the dielectric properties of water-dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) mixtures with different mole ratios have been investigated in the range of 1 GHz to 40 GHz at 298 K by using a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Only one dielectric loss peak was observed in the frequency range and the relaxation in these mixtures can be described by a single relaxation time of the Davidson-Cole. It was observed that within experimental error the dielectric relaxation can be described by the Debye-like model (β ≈ 1, S.M. Puranik, et al. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1992, 88, 433 – 435). In general, the results are very consistent with the experimental measurements. PMID:19399247

Aspiration

MedlinePlus

Davidson NE. Breast cancer and benign breast disorders. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine . 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 198. Martin P. Approach to the patient ...

Reliability and validity of the korean version of the connor-davidson resilience scale.

PubMed

Baek, Hyun-Sook; Lee, Kyoung-Uk; Joo, Eun-Jeong; Lee, Mi-Young; Choi, Kyeong-Sook

2010-06-01

The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) measures various aspects of psychological resilience in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other psychiatric ailments. This study sought to assess the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (K-CD-RISC). In total, 576 participants were enrolled (497 females and 79 males), including hospital nurses, university students, and firefighters. Subjects were evaluated using the K-CD-RISC, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Test-retest reliability and internal consistency were examined as a measure of reliability, and convergent validity and factor analysis were also performed to evaluate validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and test-retest reliability were 0.93 and 0.93, respectively. The total score on the K-CD-RISC was positively correlated with the RSES (r=0.56, p<0.01). Conversely, BDI (r=-0.46, p<0.01), PSS (r=-0.32, p<0.01), and IES-R scores (r=-0.26, p<0.01) were negatively correlated with the K-CD-RISC. The K-CD-RISC showed a five-factor structure that explained 57.2% of the variance. The K-CD-RISC showed good reliability and validity for measurement of resilience among Korean subjects.

Anthony Lopez | NREL

Science.gov Websites

. Carolyn Davidson, Easan Drury, Anthony Lopez, Ryan Elmore, and Robert Margolis. 2014. Modeling . Department of Energy, Office of Indian Energy. Trieu Mai, Easan Drury, Kelly Eurek, Natalie Bodington

Accurate and efficient calculation of excitation energies with the active-space particle-particle random phase approximation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhang, Du; Yang, Weitao

An efficient method for calculating excitation energies based on the particle-particle random phase approximation (ppRPA) is presented. Neglecting the contributions from the high-lying virtual states and the low-lying core states leads to the significantly smaller active-space ppRPA matrix while keeping the error to within 0.05 eV from the corresponding full ppRPA excitation energies. The resulting computational cost is significantly reduced and becomes less than the construction of the non-local Fock exchange potential matrix in the self-consistent-field (SCF) procedure. With only a modest number of active orbitals, the original ppRPA singlet-triplet (ST) gaps as well as the low-lying single and doublemore » excitation energies can be accurately reproduced at much reduced computational costs, up to 100 times faster than the iterative Davidson diagonalization of the original full ppRPA matrix. For high-lying Rydberg excitations where the Davidson algorithm fails, the computational savings of active-space ppRPA with respect to the direct diagonalization is even more dramatic. The virtues of the underlying full ppRPA combined with the significantly lower computational cost of the active-space approach will significantly expand the applicability of the ppRPA method to calculate excitation energies at a cost of O(K^{4}), with a prefactor much smaller than a single SCF Hartree-Fock (HF)/hybrid functional calculation, thus opening up new possibilities for the quantum mechanical study of excited state electronic structure of large systems.« less

Accurate and efficient calculation of excitation energies with the active-space particle-particle random phase approximation

DOE PAGES

Zhang, Du; Yang, Weitao

2016-10-13

An efficient method for calculating excitation energies based on the particle-particle random phase approximation (ppRPA) is presented. Neglecting the contributions from the high-lying virtual states and the low-lying core states leads to the significantly smaller active-space ppRPA matrix while keeping the error to within 0.05 eV from the corresponding full ppRPA excitation energies. The resulting computational cost is significantly reduced and becomes less than the construction of the non-local Fock exchange potential matrix in the self-consistent-field (SCF) procedure. With only a modest number of active orbitals, the original ppRPA singlet-triplet (ST) gaps as well as the low-lying single and doublemore » excitation energies can be accurately reproduced at much reduced computational costs, up to 100 times faster than the iterative Davidson diagonalization of the original full ppRPA matrix. For high-lying Rydberg excitations where the Davidson algorithm fails, the computational savings of active-space ppRPA with respect to the direct diagonalization is even more dramatic. The virtues of the underlying full ppRPA combined with the significantly lower computational cost of the active-space approach will significantly expand the applicability of the ppRPA method to calculate excitation energies at a cost of O(K^{4}), with a prefactor much smaller than a single SCF Hartree-Fock (HF)/hybrid functional calculation, thus opening up new possibilities for the quantum mechanical study of excited state electronic structure of large systems.« less

ROBOTS TO ROCKET CITY

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-03-06

HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS FROM NORTH ALABAMA GATHER AT THE U.S. SPACE AND ROCKET CENTER'S DAVIDSON CENTER FOR THE "ROBOTS TO ROCKET CITY" EVENT SHOWCASING THEIR INDIVIDUAL ROBOTS PRIOR TO LATER COMPETITIONS.

Ordering Unstructured Meshes for Sparse Matrix Computations on Leading Parallel Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Oliker, Leonid; Li, Xiaoye; Heber, Gerd; Biswas, Rupak

2000-01-01

The ability of computers to solve hitherto intractable problems and simulate complex processes using mathematical models makes them an indispensable part of modern science and engineering. Computer simulations of large-scale realistic applications usually require solving a set of non-linear partial differential equations (PDES) over a finite region. For example, one thrust area in the DOE Grand Challenge projects is to design future accelerators such as the SpaHation Neutron Source (SNS). Our colleagues at SLAC need to model complex RFQ cavities with large aspect ratios. Unstructured grids are currently used to resolve the small features in a large computational domain; dynamic mesh adaptation will be added in the future for additional efficiency. The PDEs for electromagnetics are discretized by the FEM method, which leads to a generalized eigenvalue problem Kx = AMx, where K and M are the stiffness and mass matrices, and are very sparse. In a typical cavity model, the number of degrees of freedom is about one million. For such large eigenproblems, direct solution techniques quickly reach the memory limits. Instead, the most widely-used methods are Krylov subspace methods, such as Lanczos or Jacobi-Davidson. In all the Krylov-based algorithms, sparse matrix-vector multiplication (SPMV) must be performed repeatedly. Therefore, the efficiency of SPMV usually determines the eigensolver speed. SPMV is also one of the most heavily used kernels in large-scale numerical simulations.

Efficient block preconditioned eigensolvers for linear response time-dependent density functional theory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vecharynski, Eugene; Brabec, Jiri; Shao, Meiyue

Within this paper, we present two efficient iterative algorithms for solving the linear response eigenvalue problem arising from the time dependent density functional theory. Although the matrix to be diagonalized is nonsymmetric, it has a special structure that can be exploited to save both memory and floating point operations. In particular, the nonsymmetric eigenvalue problem can be transformed into an eigenvalue problem that involves the product of two matrices M and K. We show that, because MK is self-adjoint with respect to the inner product induced by the matrix K, this product eigenvalue problem can be solved efficiently by amore » modified Davidson algorithm and a modified locally optimal block preconditioned conjugate gradient (LOBPCG) algorithm that make use of the K-inner product. Additionally, the solution of the product eigenvalue problem yields one component of the eigenvector associated with the original eigenvalue problem. We show that the other component of the eigenvector can be easily recovered in an inexpensive postprocessing procedure. As a result, the algorithms we present here become more efficient than existing methods that try to approximate both components of the eigenvectors simultaneously. In particular, our numerical experiments demonstrate that the new algorithms presented here consistently outperform the existing state-of-the-art Davidson type solvers by a factor of two in both solution time and storage.« less

Efficient block preconditioned eigensolvers for linear response time-dependent density functional theory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vecharynski, Eugene; Brabec, Jiri; Shao, Meiyue

In this article, we present two efficient iterative algorithms for solving the linear response eigenvalue problem arising from the time dependent density functional theory. Although the matrix to be diagonalized is nonsymmetric, it has a special structure that can be exploited to save both memory and floating point operations. In particular, the nonsymmetric eigenvalue problem can be transformed into an eigenvalue problem that involves the product of two matrices M and K. We show that, because MK is self-adjoint with respect to the inner product induced by the matrix K, this product eigenvalue problem can be solved efficiently by amore » modified Davidson algorithm and a modified locally optimal block preconditioned conjugate gradient (LOBPCG) algorithm that make use of the K-inner product. The solution of the product eigenvalue problem yields one component of the eigenvector associated with the original eigenvalue problem. We show that the other component of the eigenvector can be easily recovered in an inexpensive postprocessing procedure. As a result, the algorithms we present here become more efficient than existing methods that try to approximate both components of the eigenvectors simultaneously. In particular, our numerical experiments demonstrate that the new algorithms presented here consistently outperform the existing state-of-the-art Davidson type solvers by a factor of two in both solution time and storage.« less

Efficient block preconditioned eigensolvers for linear response time-dependent density functional theory

DOE PAGES

Vecharynski, Eugene; Brabec, Jiri; Shao, Meiyue; ...

2017-12-01

In this article, we present two efficient iterative algorithms for solving the linear response eigenvalue problem arising from the time dependent density functional theory. Although the matrix to be diagonalized is nonsymmetric, it has a special structure that can be exploited to save both memory and floating point operations. In particular, the nonsymmetric eigenvalue problem can be transformed into an eigenvalue problem that involves the product of two matrices M and K. We show that, because MK is self-adjoint with respect to the inner product induced by the matrix K, this product eigenvalue problem can be solved efficiently by amore » modified Davidson algorithm and a modified locally optimal block preconditioned conjugate gradient (LOBPCG) algorithm that make use of the K-inner product. The solution of the product eigenvalue problem yields one component of the eigenvector associated with the original eigenvalue problem. We show that the other component of the eigenvector can be easily recovered in an inexpensive postprocessing procedure. As a result, the algorithms we present here become more efficient than existing methods that try to approximate both components of the eigenvectors simultaneously. In particular, our numerical experiments demonstrate that the new algorithms presented here consistently outperform the existing state-of-the-art Davidson type solvers by a factor of two in both solution time and storage.« less

Efficient block preconditioned eigensolvers for linear response time-dependent density functional theory

DOE PAGES

Vecharynski, Eugene; Brabec, Jiri; Shao, Meiyue; ...

2017-08-24

Within this paper, we present two efficient iterative algorithms for solving the linear response eigenvalue problem arising from the time dependent density functional theory. Although the matrix to be diagonalized is nonsymmetric, it has a special structure that can be exploited to save both memory and floating point operations. In particular, the nonsymmetric eigenvalue problem can be transformed into an eigenvalue problem that involves the product of two matrices M and K. We show that, because MK is self-adjoint with respect to the inner product induced by the matrix K, this product eigenvalue problem can be solved efficiently by amore » modified Davidson algorithm and a modified locally optimal block preconditioned conjugate gradient (LOBPCG) algorithm that make use of the K-inner product. Additionally, the solution of the product eigenvalue problem yields one component of the eigenvector associated with the original eigenvalue problem. We show that the other component of the eigenvector can be easily recovered in an inexpensive postprocessing procedure. As a result, the algorithms we present here become more efficient than existing methods that try to approximate both components of the eigenvectors simultaneously. In particular, our numerical experiments demonstrate that the new algorithms presented here consistently outperform the existing state-of-the-art Davidson type solvers by a factor of two in both solution time and storage.« less

The End of Monterey Submarine Canyon Incision and Potential River Source Areas-Os, Nd, and Pb Isotope Constraints from Hydrogenetic Fe-Mn Crusts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Conrad, T. A.; Nielsen, S.; Ehrenbrink, B. P. E.; Blusztajn, J.; Hein, J. R.; Paytan, A.

2015-12-01

The Monterey Canyon off central California is the largest submarine canyon off North America and is comparable in scale to the Grand Canyon. The age and history of the Monterey Canyon are poorly constrained due to thick sediment cover and sediment disruption from turbidity currents. To address this deficit we analyzed isotopic proxies (Os, Pb, Nd) from hydrogenetic ferromanganese (Fe-Mn) crusts, which grow over millions of years on elevated rock surfaces by precipitation of metals from seawater. Fe-Mn crusts were studied from Davidson Seamount near the base of the Monterey submarine fan, the Taney Seamount Chain, and from Hoss Seamount, which serves as a regional control (Fig.). Fe-Mn crusts were dated using Os isotope ratios compared to those that define the Cenozoic Os isotope seawater curve. Four Fe-Mn crust samples from Davidson and Taney Seamounts deviate from the Os isotopic seawater curve towards radiogenic values after 4.5±1 Ma. Osmium is well mixed in the global ocean and is not subject to significant diffusive reequilibration in Fe-Mn crusts. We therefore attribute deviations from the Os isotope seawater curve to large-scale terrestrial input that ended about 4.5±1 Ma. The two Davidson samples also show more radiogenic Nd isotope values from about 4.5±1 Ma. Lead isotopes in one Davidson Seamount crust, measured by LA-ICPMS, deviate from regional values after 4.5±1 Ma for about 500 ka towards terrestrial sources. The Taney Seamount Fe-Mn crust does not deviate from regional Nd nor Pb isotope values due to its greater distance from Monterey Canyon and the shorter marine residence times of Nd and Pb. Isotope plots of our crust data and compiled data for potential source rocks indicate that the river that carved Monterey Canyon carried sediment with values closer to the Sierra Nevada than to a Colorado Plateau source, with cessation of major riverine input occurring approximately 4.5±1 Ma, an age that we interpret as the end of the Monterey Canyon incision.

An open-label pilot study of aripiprazole for male and female veterans with chronic post-traumatic stress disorder who respond suboptimally to antidepressants.

PubMed

Youssef, Nagy A; Marx, Christine E; Bradford, Daniel W; Zinn, Sandra; Hertzberg, Michael A; Kilts, Jason D; Naylor, Jennifer C; Butterfield, Marian I; Strauss, Jennifer L

2012-07-01

Emerging data suggest that second-generation antipsychotics such as aripiprazole may be effective in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, few clinical trials have used aripiprazole in PTSD, and data are limited on its use in Veterans with PTSD. The objective of this pilot trial was to investigate the safety and efficacy of aripiprazole in Veterans with PTSD. Ten individuals (five men and five women) meeting the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th ed., PTSD criteria participated in this 12-week, open-label, flexibly dosed monotherapy trial. The dose range of aripiprazole was 5-30 mg/day, titrated to tolerability and clinical response. The primary outcome measure was the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale. Additional outcomes included the Short PTSD Rating Interview, the Treatment Outcome PTSD Scale (Top-8), the Davidson Trauma Scale, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen, and Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement. Eight participants completed the study, and aripiprazole was generally well tolerated and associated with a significant improvement in PTSD symptoms, as measured by the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (primary outcome measure) and by the Short PTSD Rating Interview, the Treatment Outcome PTSD Scale, and the Davidson Trauma Scale. An improvement was also observed on all three Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale subscales and the Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen, and the average Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement ratings indicated that patients were 'much improved'. These promising initial results merit further investigation in a larger, randomized-controlled trial.

Summary of the physical oceanography of the Pacific Northwest Coast

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Purdy, D.F.

The technical report summarizes current information on the physical oceanography of the Pacific Coast of Washington and Oregon, including information on currents, water mass characteristics, vertical stratification and mixing, upwelling, and waves. A general outline of the California current system is given, including the California and Davidson surface currents, the California and Washington undercurrents, and shelf currents. Conditions affecting local and nearshore currents, considered important in the event of an oil spill, are discussed. A summary of wave data is included from several sources including the Corps of Engineers WIS (Wave Information Study), based on meteorological information, and the Mineralsmore » Management Service's Coastal Wave Statistical Data Base (CWSDB), based on high quality data from a system of buoys.« less

Dr. Wernher Von Braun Memorial Dinner

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-10-26

The annual Dr. Wernher Von Braun Memorial Dinner was held at the U.S. Space and Rocket Center's Davidson Center on October 26, 2017 with Keynote speaker General John Hyten, Commander of U.S. Strategic Command. Emcee was Mark Larson of Mark Larson Media Services, Inc. Dr. Wernher Von Braun Memorial Scholarships were presented to 8 college students by the National Space Club. Educator of the Year was awarded to Tammy Thorpe; Community Service award was presented to Huntsville, Al. Mayor Tommy Battle. The Communications Award was presented to retired astronaut Dr. Mike Massimino. The Distinguished Science Award was presented to Dr. Martin Weisskopf. The Astronautics Engineer Award was presented to Douglas R. Cooke. The Dr. Wernher Von Braun Space Flight Trophy was presented to Robert Lightfoot.

Can't sleep? Try these tips

MedlinePlus

... 23320870 . Berry RB, Wagner MH. Behavioral treatment of insomnia. In: Berry RB, Wagner MH, eds. Sleep Medicine ... Davidson JR, Beaulieu-Bonneau S. Cognitive behavior therapies for insomnia. In: Kryger M, Roth T, Dement WC, eds. ...

Genetics Home Reference: autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy

MedlinePlus

... RE, Davidson AE, Urquhart JE, Holder GE, Robson AG, Moore AT, Keefe RO, Black GC, Manson FD. ... qualified healthcare professional . About Selection Criteria for Links Data Files & API Site Map Subscribe Customer Support USA. ...

Inflationary dynamics for matrix eigenvalue problems

PubMed Central

Heller, Eric J.; Kaplan, Lev; Pollmann, Frank

2008-01-01

Many fields of science and engineering require finding eigenvalues and eigenvectors of large matrices. The solutions can represent oscillatory modes of a bridge, a violin, the disposition of electrons around an atom or molecule, the acoustic modes of a concert hall, or hundreds of other physical quantities. Often only the few eigenpairs with the lowest or highest frequency (extremal solutions) are needed. Methods that have been developed over the past 60 years to solve such problems include the Lanczos algorithm, Jacobi–Davidson techniques, and the conjugate gradient method. Here, we present a way to solve the extremal eigenvalue/eigenvector problem, turning it into a nonlinear classical mechanical system with a modified Lagrangian constraint. The constraint induces exponential inflationary growth of the desired extremal solutions. PMID:18511564

Select-divide-and-conquer method for large-scale configuration interaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bunge, Carlos F.; Carbó-Dorca, Ramon

2006-07-01

A select-divide-and-conquer variational method to approximate configuration interaction (CI) is presented. Given an orthonormal set made up of occupied orbitals (Hartree-Fock or similar) and suitable correlation orbitals (natural or localized orbitals), a large N-electron target space S is split into subspaces S0,S1,S2,…,SR. S0, of dimension d0, contains all configurations K with attributes (energy contributions, etc.) above thresholds T0≡{T0egy,T0etc.}; the CI coefficients in S0 remain always free to vary. S1 accommodates Ks with attributes above T1⩽T0. An eigenproblem of dimension d0+d1 for S0+S1 is solved first, after which the last d1 rows and columns are contracted into a single row and column, thus freezing the last d1 CI coefficients hereinafter. The process is repeated with successive Sj(j ⩾2) chosen so that corresponding CI matrices fit random access memory (RAM). Davidson's eigensolver is used R times. The final energy eigenvalue (lowest or excited one) is always above the corresponding exact eigenvalue in S. Threshold values {Tj;j=0,1,2,…,R} regulate accuracy; for large-dimensional S, high accuracy requires S0+S1 to be solved outside RAM. From there on, however, usually a few Davidson iterations in RAM are needed for each step, so that Hamiltonian matrix-element evaluation becomes rate determining. One μhartree accuracy is achieved for an eigenproblem of order 24×106, involving 1.2×1012 nonzero matrix elements, and 8.4×109 Slater determinants.

21. Historic American Buildings Survey, W. Jeter Eason Deputy District ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

21. Historic American Buildings Survey, W. Jeter Eason- Deputy District Officer, Photographer November 21, 1936 DETAIL OF DECORATIVE STAIR RISERS. - The Hermitage, U.S. Highway 70 North (4580 Rachel's Lane), Nashville, Davidson County, TN

Patient's Guide to Living Confidently with Chronic Heart Failure

MedlinePlus

... GG , Adams KF Jr . , Dupree CS , Bensimhon DR , Johnson KS , Trivedi R , Bowers M , Christenson RH , O’ ... Boineau R , Domanski M , Troutman C , Anderson J , Johnson G , McNulty SE , Clapp-Channing N , Davidson-Ray ...

Pharmacotherapy of post-traumatic stress disorder: going beyond the guidelines.

PubMed

Davidson, Jonathan

2016-11-01

This article discusses the study of Harpaz-Rotem and associates, who examined patterns of medication use in first-diagnosed veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It considers the difference between practice guidelines and actual prescribing; selectively identifies issues with antidepressants, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines and prazosin; and reviews the possible impact of new medications in the pipeline. In the past 36 months, J.D. has received compensation for consulting with Edgemont, Turing and Tonix Pharmaceuticals; royalties in connection with publications by Springer, Guilford and McFarland Publishers and use of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Davidson Trauma Scale, Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) and Mini-SPIN; service on the INTRuST Data Safety and Monitoring Board, University of California, San Diego. © The Royal College of Psychiatrists 2016. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) license.

The Psychometric Evaluation of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale Using a Chinese Military Sample

PubMed Central

Xie, Yuanjun; Peng, Li; Zuo, Xin; Li, Min

2016-01-01

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) with a Chinese military population with the aim of finding a suitable instrument to quantify resilience in Chinese military service members. The confirmatory factor analysis results did not support the factorial structure of the original or the Chinese community version of the CD-RISC, but the exploratory factor analysis results revealed a three-factor model (composed of Competency, Toughness, and Adaptability) that seemed to fit. Moreover, the repeat confirmatory factory analysis replicated the three-factor model. Additionally, the CD-RISC with a Chinese military sample exhibited appropriate psychometric properties, including internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and structural and concurrent validity. The revised CD-RISC with a Chinese military sample provides insight into the resilience measurement framework and could be a reliable and valid measurement for evaluating resilience in a Chinese military population. PMID:26859484

Engaging the Public Through an Interactive Astronomy Outreach Program

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Thompson, Kristen

2018-01-01

The growing technology sector of the U.S. economy in an increasingly complex world has made it more important than ever for students to gather information, think critically, and solve problems. These skills are often acquired through the study of STEM disciplines. In an effort to inspire students and the public in the Charlotte, NC area to take an interest in STEM related fields, the Physics Department at Davidson College has recently developed an interactive astronomy community engagement program. This program is comprised of off-campus events that bring STEM programming to K-12 children, on-campus public star parties, and a day-long astronomy fair called Davidson Space Day. This presentation will illustrate the implementation of each of these components of our outreach program, present an evaluation of their success, and describe future goals and lessons learned thus far. This outreach program was made possible through funding from the NC Space Grant Consortium.

Dielectric relaxation and hydrogen bonding interaction in xylitol-water mixtures using time domain reflectometry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rander, D. N.; Joshi, Y. S.; Kanse, K. S.; Kumbharkhane, A. C.

2016-01-01

The measurements of complex dielectric permittivity of xylitol-water mixtures have been carried out in the frequency range of 10 MHz-30 GHz using a time domain reflectometry technique. Measurements have been done at six temperatures from 0 to 25 °C and at different weight fractions of xylitol (0 < W X ≤ 0.7) in water. There are different models to explain the dielectric relaxation behaviour of binary mixtures, such as Debye, Cole-Cole or Cole-Davidson model. We have observed that the dielectric relaxation behaviour of binary mixtures of xylitol-water can be well described by Cole-Davidson model having an asymmetric distribution of relaxation times. The dielectric parameters such as static dielectric constant and relaxation time for the mixtures have been evaluated. The molecular interaction between xylitol and water molecules is discussed using the Kirkwood correlation factor ( g eff ) and thermodynamic parameter.

The validity and diagnostic efficiency of the Davidson Trauma Scale in military veterans who have served since September 11th, 2001.

PubMed

McDonald, Scott D; Beckham, Jean C; Morey, Rajendra A; Calhoun, Patrick S

2009-03-01

The present study examined the psychometric properties and diagnostic efficiency of the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS), a self-report measure of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Participants included 158 U.S. military veterans who have served since September 11, 2001 (post-9/11). Results support the DTS as a valid self-report measure of PTSD symptoms. The DTS demonstrated good internal consistency, concurrent validity, and convergent and divergent validity. Diagnostic efficiency was excellent when discriminating between veterans with PTSD and veterans with no Axis I diagnosis. However, although satisfactory by conventional standards, efficiency was substantially attenuated when discriminating between PTSD and other Axis I diagnoses. Thus, results illustrate that potency of the DTS as a diagnostic aid was highly dependent on the comparison group used for analyses. Results are discussed in terms of applications to clinical practice and research.

The 10-Item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale: Factorial Structure, Reliability, Validity, and Correlates Among Student Nurses in Southwestern Nigeria.

PubMed

Aloba, Olutayo; Olabisi, Oluseyi; Aloba, Tolulope

2016-01-01

The 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) has demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties as a measure of resilience in all the previous studies conducted in developed countries. The objective of this study was to explore the psychometric characteristics of the 10-item CD-RISC among students nurses in southwestern Nigeria. This descriptive cross-sectional study involved a total of 449 student nurses who completed the 10-item CD-RISC in addition to measures of self-esteem, depression, religiosity, and psychological distress. The scale demonstrated adequate reliability (Cronbach's α = .81) and satisfactory validity with significant correlations with the measures of self-esteem, depression, religiosity, and psychological distress. Factor analyses revealed that resilience was best explained by a two-factor construct. The scale is a valid measure of resilience among Nigerian student nurses. © The Author(s) 2016.

The two-phase method for finding a great number of eigenpairs of the symmetric or weakly non-symmetric large eigenvalue problems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dul, F.A.; Arczewski, K.

1994-03-01

Although it has been stated that [open quotes]an attempt to solve (very large problems) by subspace iterations seems futile[close quotes], we will show that the statement is not true, especially for extremely large eigenproblems. In this paper a new two-phase subspace iteration/Rayleigh quotient/conjugate gradient method for generalized, large, symmetric eigenproblems Ax = [lambda]Bx is presented. It has the ability of solving extremely large eigenproblems, N = 216,000, for example, and finding a large number of leftmost or rightmost eigenpairs, up to 1000 or more. Multiple eigenpairs, even those with multiplicity 100, can be easily found. The use of the proposedmore » method for solving the big full eigenproblems (N [approximately] 10[sup 3]), as well as for large weakly non-symmetric eigenproblems, have been considered also. The proposed method is fully iterative; thus the factorization of matrices ins avoided. The key idea consists in joining two methods: subspace and Rayleigh quotient iterations. The systems of indefinite and almost singular linear equations (a - [sigma]B)x = By are solved by various iterative conjugate gradient method can be used without danger of breaking down due to its property that may be called [open quotes]self-correction towards the eigenvector,[close quotes] discovered recently by us. The use of various preconditioners (SSOR and IC) has also been considered. The main features of the proposed method have been analyzed in detail. Comparisons with other methods, such as, accelerated subspace iteration, Lanczos, Davidson, TLIME, TRACMN, and SRQMCG, are presented. The results of numerical tests for various physical problems (acoustic, vibrations of structures, quantum chemistry) are presented as well. 40 refs., 12 figs., 2 tabs.« less

Beyond Depression: Towards a Process-Based Approach to Research, Diagnosis, and Treatment.

PubMed

Forgeard, Marie J C; Haigh, Emily A P; Beck, Aaron T; Davidson, Richard J; Henn, Fritz A; Maier, Steven F; Mayberg, Helen S; Seligman, Martin E P

2011-12-01

Despite decades of research on the etiology and treatment of depression, a significant proportion of the population is affected by the disorder, fails to respond to treatment and is plagued by relapse. Six prominent scientists, Aaron Beck, Richard Davidson, Fritz Henn, Steven Maier, Helen Mayberg, and Martin Seligman, gathered to discuss the current state of scientific knowledge on depression, and in particular on the basic neurobiological and psychopathological processes at play in the disorder. These general themes were addressed: 1) the relevance of learned helplessness as a basic process involved in the development of depression; 2) the limitations of our current taxonomy of psychological disorders; 3) the need to work towards a psychobiological process-based taxonomy; and 4) the clinical implications of implementing such a process-based taxonomy.

Beyond Depression: Towards a Process-Based Approach to Research, Diagnosis, and Treatment

PubMed Central

Forgeard, Marie J. C.; Haigh, Emily A. P.; Beck, Aaron T.; Davidson, Richard J.; Henn, Fritz A.; Maier, Steven F.; Mayberg, Helen S.; Seligman, Martin E. P.

2012-01-01

Despite decades of research on the etiology and treatment of depression, a significant proportion of the population is affected by the disorder, fails to respond to treatment and is plagued by relapse. Six prominent scientists, Aaron Beck, Richard Davidson, Fritz Henn, Steven Maier, Helen Mayberg, and Martin Seligman, gathered to discuss the current state of scientific knowledge on depression, and in particular on the basic neurobiological and psychopathological processes at play in the disorder. These general themes were addressed: 1) the relevance of learned helplessness as a basic process involved in the development of depression; 2) the limitations of our current taxonomy of psychological disorders; 3) the need to work towards a psychobiological process-based taxonomy; and 4) the clinical implications of implementing such a process-based taxonomy. PMID:22509072

76 FR 71455 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-18

...EPA is taking final action to approve a request submitted on December 18, 2009, and supplemented on December 22, 2010, from the State of North Carolina, through the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NC DENR), Division of Air Quality (DAQ), to redesignate the Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point fine particulate matter (PM2.5) nonattainment area (hereafter the ``Greensboro Area'' or ``Area'') to attainment for the 1997 Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The Greensboro Area is comprised of Davidson and Guilford Counties in their entireties. EPA's approval of the redesignation request is based on the determination that the State of North Carolina has met the criteria for redesignation to attainment set forth in the Clean Air Act (CAA or Act), including the determination that the Greensboro Area has attained the 1997 Annual PM2.5 NAAQS by its applicable attainment date of April 5, 2010. Additionally, EPA is approving a revision to the North Carolina State Implementation Plan (SIP) to include the 1997 Annual PM2.5 maintenance plan for the Greensboro Area that contains the new 2011 and 2021 motor vehicle emission budgets (MVEBs) for nitrogen oxides (NOX) and PM2.5 for both Davidson and Guilford Counties. This action also approves the emissions inventory submitted with the maintenance plan. Further, EPA is correcting a typographical error for the citation associated with a previous adequacy finding the Agency made for the NOX and PM2.5 MVEBs for both Davidson and Guilford Counties.

The luminosities of cool supergiants in the Magellanic Clouds, and the Humphreys-Davidson limit revisited

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davies, Ben; Crowther, Paul A.; Beasor, Emma R.

2018-05-01

The empirical upper luminosity boundary Lmax of cool supergiants, often referred to as the Humphreys-Davidson limit, is thought to encode information on the general mass-loss behaviour of massive stars. Further, it delineates the boundary at which single stars will end their lives stripped of their hydrogen-rich envelope, which in turn is a key factor in the relative rates of Type-II to Type-Ibc supernovae from single star channels. In this paper we have revisited the issue of Lmax by studying the luminosity distributions of cool supergiants (SGs) in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC/SMC). We assemble samples of cool SGs in each galaxy which are highly-complete above log L/L⊙=5.0, and determine their spectral energy distributions from the optical to the mid-infrared using modern multi-wavelength survey data. We show that in both cases Lmax appears to be lower than previously quoted, and is in the region of log L/L⊙=5.5. There is no evidence for Lmax being higher in the SMC than in the LMC, as would be expected if metallicity-dependent winds were the dominant factor in the stripping of stellar envelopes. We also show that Lmax aligns with the lowest luminosity of single nitrogen-rich Wolf-Rayet stars, indicating of a change in evolutionary sequence for stars above a critical mass. From population synthesis analysis we show that the Geneva evolutionary models greatly over-predict the numbers of cool SGs in the SMC. We also argue that the trend of earlier average spectral types of cool SGs in lower metallicity environments represents a genuine shift to hotter temperatures. Finally, we use our new bolometric luminosity measurements to provide updated bolometric corrections for cool supergiants.

1. PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN FROM THE SOUTH LOOKING NORTH ACROSS AN ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

1. PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN FROM THE SOUTH LOOKING NORTH ACROSS AN ERODED AREA. THE SOUTH END OF THE FLUME HAS COLLAPSED. - Davidson Ditch Waste Water Weir, Mile 63 of Alaska's Steese Highway, Chatanika, Fairbanks North Star Borough, AK

78 FR 42148 - North Carolina Disaster #NC-00052

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-15

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Disaster Declaration 13651 and 13652] North Carolina Disaster NC... Administrative declaration of a disaster for the State of North Carolina dated 07/09/2013. Incident: Severe... the disaster: Primary Counties: Stanly. Contiguous Counties: North Carolina: Anson, Cabarrus, Davidson...

Education Matters, December 2008

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beckner, Gary, Ed.; Prause, Kelley, Ed.

2008-01-01

"Education Matters" is the monthly newsletter of the Association of American Educators (AAE), an organization dedicated to advancing the American teaching profession through personal growth, professional development, teacher advocacy and protection. This issue of the newsletter includes: (1) Historical Change (Barbara R. Davidson); (2)…

4. Close view of the logs joining of the north ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

4. Close view of the logs joining of the north and south rooms, with scale (Note: hole with remains of peg SITU as seen in the east cabin) - The Hermitage, Alfred's Cabin, 4580 Rachel's Lane, Hermitage, Davidson County, TN

24. Historic American Buildings Survey, W. Jeter Eason Deputy District ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

24. Historic American Buildings Survey, W. Jeter Eason- Deputy District Officer, Photographer November 21, 1936 PLASTER ORNAMENT ON CEILING AND PLASTER CORNICE BACK PARLOR (FRONT PARLOR SIMLAR). - The Hermitage, U.S. Highway 70 North (4580 Rachel's Lane), Nashville, Davidson County, TN

77 FR 67324 - Proposed Flood Elevation Determinations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-09

...). Specifically, it addresses the flooding sources Big Run, Little Loyalsock Creek, Loyalsock Creek, and Muncy..., Pennsylvania (All Jurisdictions)'' addressed the flooding sources Big Run, Little Loyalsock Creek, Loyalsock... Sullivan County, Pennsylvania (All Jurisdictions) Big Run At the Muncy Creek +968 +965 Township of Davidson...

27 CFR 9.174 - Yadkin Valley.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

...”. (b) Approved maps. The appropriate maps for determining the boundaries of the Yadkin Valley...-Salem, N.C.; VA; Tenn. (1953, Limited Revision 1962), and, (2) Charlotte, North Carolina; South Carolina... North Carolina within Wilkes, Surry, Yadkin and portions of Stokes, Forsyth, Davidson, and Davie...

Document Design: Part 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andrews, Deborah C., Ed.; Dyrud, Marilyn, Ed.

1996-01-01

Presents four articles that provide suggestions for teaching document design: (1) "Teaching the Rhetoric of Document Design" (Michael J. Hassett); (2) "Teaching by Example: Suggestions for Assignment Design" (Marilyn A. Dyrud); (3) "Teaching the Page as a Visual Unit" (Bill Hart-Davidson); and (4) "Designing a…

Motorcycles on the Move

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McIntosh, Phyllis

2013-01-01

Motorcycles are the subject of this feature article, which explores such topics as the history of motorcycles, types of motorcycles, special interest motorcycle clubs, motorcycle rallies, the Harley-Davidson company, and Rolling Thunder. A list of websites of interest and a glossary of "motorcycle jargon" are included.

15 CFR Appendix F to Subpart M of... - Davidson Seamount Management Zone

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Trade (Continued) NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY PROGRAM REGULATIONS Monterey Bay National Marine... [Coordinates in this appendix are unprojected (Geographic Coordinate System) and are calculated using the North...

15 CFR Appendix F to Subpart M of... - Davidson Seamount Management Zone

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Trade (Continued) NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY PROGRAM REGULATIONS Monterey Bay National Marine... [Coordinates in this appendix are unprojected (Geographic Coordinate System) and are calculated using the North...

15 CFR Appendix F to Subpart M of... - Davidson Seamount Management Zone

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Trade (Continued) NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY PROGRAM REGULATIONS Monterey Bay National Marine... [Coordinates in this appendix are unprojected (Geographic Coordinate System) and are calculated using the North...

A descriptive title

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martin, John C.; Williams, Steven C.; Darnley, Matt; Humphreys, Roberta M.

2017-06-01

In ATEL 10383 we reported the classical Luminous Blue Variable (Humphreys & Davidson, 1994) AF And = J004333.08+411210.3 = Var 19 in M31 (Hubble & Sandage, 1953) has brightened and grown redder over the last 800 days, indicating the start of a possible S Dor outburst.

Characterization of Water and CO2 Adsorption by Stores 3A Desiccant Samples Using Thermal Gravimetric Analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

RIVERA, DION A.; ALAM, M. KATHLEEN; MARTIN, LAURA

2003-02-01

Two lots of manufactured Type 3a zeolite samples were compared by TGA/IR analysis. The first lot, obtained from Davidson Chemical, a commercial vendor, was characterized during the previous study cycle for its water and water-plus-CO{sub 2} uptake in order to determine whether CO{sub 2} uptake prevented water adsorption by the zeolite. It was determined that CO{sub 2} did not hamper water adsorption using the Davidson zeolite. CO{sub 2} was found on the zeolite surface at dewpoints below -40 C, however it was found to be reversibly adsorbed. During the course of the previous studies, chemical analyses revealed that the Davidsonmore » 3a zeolite contained calcium in significant quantities, along with the traditional counterions potassium and sodium. Chemical analysis of a Type 3a zeolite sample retrieved from Kansas City (heretofore referred to as the ''Stores 3a'' sample) indicated that the Stores sample was a more traditional Type 3a zeolite, containing no calcium. TGA/IR studies this year focused on obtaining CO{sub 2} and water absorbance data from the Stores 3a zeolite. Within the Stores 3a sample, CO{sub 2} was found to be reversibly absorbed within the sample, but only at and below -60 C with 5% CO{sub 2} loading. The amount of CO{sub 2} observed eluting from the Stores zeolite at this condition was similar to what was observed from the Davidson zeolite sample but with a greater uncertainty in the measured value. The results of the Stores 3a studies are summarized within this report.« less

[Resilience and the burnout-engagement model in formal caregivers of the elderly].

PubMed

Menezes de Lucena Carvalho, Virginia A; Fernández Calvo, Bernardino; Hernández Martín, Lorenzo; Ramos Campos, Francisco; Contador Castillo, Israel

2006-11-01

This paper investigates the relationship between resilience and positive/negative mental aspects of psychological well-being in formal caregivers for the elderly. The sample consisted of 265 caregivers who work in different residential homes in Extremadura and Castilla y León (Spain). The instruments used included the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale , the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. The most significant findings show that caregivers with higher levels of resilience also have higher levels of professional efficacy and job engagement (vigor, dedication and absorption) and appear to be less emotionally exhausted or cynical than caregivers with lower levels of resilience. It cannot be concluded that more resilient caregivers will not get burned out, but they develop better engagement skills. As they strengthen these personal attributes, they become less vulnerable to burnout.

78 FR 8089 - Proposed Flood Elevation Determinations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-05

... flooding sources Big Run, Little Loyalsock Creek, Loyalsock Creek, and Muncy Creek. DATES: Comments are to..., Pennsylvania (All Jurisdictions)'' addressed the flooding sources Big Run, Little Loyalsock Creek, Loyalsock... Sullivan County, Pennsylvania (All Jurisdictions) Big Run At the Muncy Creek +968 +965 Township of Davidson...

Directions in Rehabilitation Counseling, 2001.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flach, Frederic, Ed.

2001-01-01

This volume of 12 lessons provides expert information on a variety of medical and psychological issues in rehabilitative counseling. The lessons, which may be applied toward continuing education credits, are: (1) "Integration of Psychiatric Treatment and Rehabilitation" (Jeanne Steiner, Larry Davidson, Michael A. Hoge, and Selby Jacobs);…

40 CFR 62.10630 - Identification of sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Emissions from Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration (ciswi) Units-Section 111(d)/129 Plan § 62.10630 Identification of sources. The Plan applies to existing Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units that Commenced Construction On or Before November 30, 1999, in Nashville/Davidson County...

40 CFR 62.10630 - Identification of sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Emissions from Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration (ciswi) Units-Section 111(d)/129 Plan § 62.10630 Identification of sources. The Plan applies to existing Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units that Commenced Construction On or Before November 30, 1999, in Nashville/Davidson County...

A tale of two telescopes: North Queensland and the 1882 transit of Venus

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Orchiston, Wayne; Darlington, Vicki

2017-08-01

The 1882 transit of Venus offered the final opportunity for astronomers to use these rare events to pin down the distance from the Earth to the Sun. A British party based itself in southern Queensland, but total cloud cover prevented any observations being made on the critical day. In this paper we trace the preparations of the British party, and then show how they laid the foundations for the development of astronomy in Queensland by selling their two 6-in Cooke refractors before returning to Britain. Both instruments were purchased by a Townsville amateur astronomer, Edwin Norris, and although he installed one in an observatory, he made little use of it. However, he subsequently sold the other telescope to J. Ewen Davidson of Mackay, who also erected an obser-vatory for it. Davidson then used his instrument for cometary astronomy, in the process discovering two new comets, one of which now bears his name. Unfortunately, recent attempts to track down the present whereabouts of the two telescopes have failed.

Pharmacotherapy of post-traumatic stress disorder: going beyond the guidelines

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

Summary This article discusses the study of Harpaz-Rotem and associates, who examined patterns of medication use in first-diagnosed veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It considers the difference between practice guidelines and actual prescribing; selectively identifies issues with antidepressants, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines and prazosin; and reviews the possible impact of new medications in the pipeline. Declaration of interests In the past 36 months, J.D. has received compensation for consulting with Edgemont, Turing and Tonix Pharmaceuticals; royalties in connection with publications by Springer, Guilford and McFarland Publishers and use of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Davidson Trauma Scale, Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) and Mini-SPIN; service on the INTRuST Data Safety and Monitoring Board, University of California, San Diego. Copyright and usage © The Royal College of Psychiatrists 2016. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) license. PMID:29018563

An in-depth psychometric analysis of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale: calibration with Rasch-Andrich model.

PubMed

Arias González, Víctor B; Crespo Sierra, María Teresa; Arias Martínez, Benito; Martínez-Molina, Agustín; Ponce, Fernando P

2015-09-23

The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) is inarguably one of the best-known instruments in the field of resilience assessment. However, the criteria for the psychometric quality of the instrument were based only on classical test theory. The aim of this paper has focused on the calibration of the CD-RISC with a nonclinical sample of 444 adults using the Rasch-Andrich Rating Scale Model, in order to clarify its structure and analyze its psychometric properties at the level of item. Two items showed misfit to the model and were eliminated. The remaining 22 items form basically a unidimensional scale. The CD-RISC has good psychometric properties. The fit of both the items and the persons to the Rasch model was good, and the response categories were functioning properly. Two of the items showed differential item functioning. The CD-RISC has an obvious ceiling effect, which suggests to include more difficult items in future versions of the scale.

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and Acute Gastroenteritis in Children in Davidson County, Tennessee, United States: A Case-control Study.

PubMed

Imdad, Aamer; Foster, Monique A; Iqbal, Junaid; Fonnesbeck, Christopher; Payne, Daniel C; Zhang, Chengxian; Chappell, James D; Halasa, Natasha; Gómez-Duarte, Oscar G

2018-06-01

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is an important cause of acute gastroenteritis in children; however, there is limited information available on the epidemiology, phylogenetics, serotyping and antibiotic susceptibility of DEC in children in the United States. The aim of this study was to determine the molecular epidemiology of DEC among children with and without acute gastroenteritis in Davidson County, Tennessee. This prospective, frequency matched, case-control study recruited subjects 15 days to 17 years of age and detected DEC with polymerase chain reaction from stool samples. Additional testing was done to define phylogenetics and antibiotics resistance. Among 1267 participants, 857 cases and 410 controls, 5.5% were positive for at least one subtype of DEC. Enteroaggregative E. coli [n = 32 (45%)] was the most common subtype followed by enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) [n = 30 (43%)], Shiga toxin-producing E. coli [n = 4 (6%)] and diffusely adherent E. coli [n = 4 (6%)]. No significant difference in prevalence of DEC was found between cases (5%) and controls (7%) [odds ratio: 0.66 (95% confidence interval: 0.4-1.07)], and results were similar when data were stratified by subtypes and adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity. Substantial diversity was found among DEC isolates in terms of phylotypes and serotypes, and a large proportion was resistant to, at least, one antibiotic. Enteroaggregative E. coli and enteropathogenic E. coli were frequently found in both cases and controls in this study population. DNA-based methods for detection of these subtypes need further investigation to help differentiate between pathogenic and colonizing strains.

Theoretical investigation of rotationally inelastic collisions of CH(X2Π) with hydrogen atoms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dagdigian, Paul J.

2017-06-01

We report calculations of state-to-state cross sections for collision-induced rotational transitions of CH(X2Π) with atomic hydrogen. These calculations employed the four adiabatic potential energy surfaces correlating CH(X2Π) + H(2S), computed in this work through the multi-reference configuration interaction method [MRCISD + Q(Davidson)]. Because of the presence of deep wells on three of the potential energy surfaces, the scattering calculations were carried out using the quantum statistical method of Manolopoulos and co-workers [Chem. Phys. Lett. 343, 356 (2001)]. The computed cross sections included contributions from only direct scattering since the CH2 collision complex is expected to decay predominantly to C + H2. Rotationally energy transfer rate constants were computed for this system since these are required for astrophysical modeling.

36. Close view of the east elevation looking north to ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

36. Close view of the east elevation looking north to south beginning at the northeast corner to show square corner notches and protruding ceiling joists (duplicate of HABS no. TN-52-B-17) - The Hermitage, East Cabin, 4580 Rachel's Lane, Hermitage, Davidson County, TN

EEG Biofeedback: A Critical Evaluation of the Results and Underlying Rationale.

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-01-31

workers (Nowlia & Kamiya, 1970), improved delayed recall have published a series of studies evaluating the (Cannon 6 Sternbach , 1971), extrasensory ... perception role of the visuomotor system in the control of (Ifonorton , Davidson, 6 Bindier, 1971) , and decreased alpha activity (Mulholland 6 Runnals, 1962

Using Infographics in the Science Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davidson, Rosemary

2014-01-01

As a chemistry teacher, Rosemary Davidson has found "infographics" (information graphics) successfully engage her students in science--not only in carrying out the research for classroom projects but also in presenting the results of their research to their peers. This article will help teachers integrate student-created infographics…

Novel Hamiltonian method for collective dynamics analysis of an intense charged particle beam propagating through a periodic focusing quadrupole lattice a)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Startsev, Edward A.; Davidson, Ronald C.

2011-05-01

Identifying regimes for quiescent propagation of intense beams over long distances has been a major challenge in accelerator research. In particular, the development of systematic theoretical approaches that are able to treat self-consistently the applied oscillating force and the nonlinear self-field force of the beam particles simultaneously has been a major challenge of modern beam physics. In this paper, the recently developed Hamiltonian averaging technique [E. A. Startsev, R. C. Davidson, and M. Dorf, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 13, 064402 (2010)] which incorporates both the applied periodic focusing force and the self-field force of the beam particles, is generalized to the case of time-dependent beam distributions. The new formulation allows not only a determination of quasi-equilibrium solutions of the non-linear Vlasov-Poison system of equations but also a detailed study of their stability properties. The corrections to the well-known "smooth-focusing" approximation are derived, and the results are applied to a matched beam with thermal equilibrium distribution function. It is shown that the corrections remain small even for moderate values of the vacuum phase advance συ. Nonetheless, because the corrections to the average self-field potential are non-axisymmetric, the stability properties of the different beam quasi-equilibria can change significantly.

Comparison of different eigensolvers for calculating vibrational spectra using low-rank, sum-of-product basis functions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leclerc, Arnaud; Thomas, Phillip S.; Carrington, Tucker

2017-08-01

Vibrational spectra and wavefunctions of polyatomic molecules can be calculated at low memory cost using low-rank sum-of-product (SOP) decompositions to represent basis functions generated using an iterative eigensolver. Using a SOP tensor format does not determine the iterative eigensolver. The choice of the interative eigensolver is limited by the need to restrict the rank of the SOP basis functions at every stage of the calculation. We have adapted, implemented and compared different reduced-rank algorithms based on standard iterative methods (block-Davidson algorithm, Chebyshev iteration) to calculate vibrational energy levels and wavefunctions of the 12-dimensional acetonitrile molecule. The effect of using low-rank SOP basis functions on the different methods is analysed and the numerical results are compared with those obtained with the reduced rank block power method. Relative merits of the different algorithms are presented, showing that the advantage of using a more sophisticated method, although mitigated by the use of reduced-rank SOP functions, is noticeable in terms of CPU time.

A robust variant of block Jacobi-Davidson for extracting a large number of eigenpairs: Application to grid-based real-space density functional theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, M.; Leiter, K.; Eisner, C.; Breuer, A.; Wang, X.

2017-09-01

In this work, we investigate a block Jacobi-Davidson (J-D) variant suitable for sparse symmetric eigenproblems where a substantial number of extremal eigenvalues are desired (e.g., ground-state real-space quantum chemistry). Most J-D algorithm variations tend to slow down as the number of desired eigenpairs increases due to frequent orthogonalization against a growing list of solved eigenvectors. In our specification of block J-D, all of the steps of the algorithm are performed in clusters, including the linear solves, which allows us to greatly reduce computational effort with blocked matrix-vector multiplies. In addition, we move orthogonalization against locked eigenvectors and working eigenvectors outside of the inner loop but retain the single Ritz vector projection corresponding to the index of the correction vector. Furthermore, we minimize the computational effort by constraining the working subspace to the current vectors being updated and the latest set of corresponding correction vectors. Finally, we incorporate accuracy thresholds based on the precision required by the Fermi-Dirac distribution. The net result is a significant reduction in the computational effort against most previous block J-D implementations, especially as the number of wanted eigenpairs grows. We compare our approach with another robust implementation of block J-D (JDQMR) and the state-of-the-art Chebyshev filter subspace (CheFSI) method for various real-space density functional theory systems. Versus CheFSI, for first-row elements, our method yields competitive timings for valence-only systems and 4-6× speedups for all-electron systems with up to 10× reduced matrix-vector multiplies. For all-electron calculations on larger elements (e.g., gold) where the wanted spectrum is quite narrow compared to the full spectrum, we observe 60× speedup with 200× fewer matrix-vector multiples vs. CheFSI.

A robust variant of block Jacobi-Davidson for extracting a large number of eigenpairs: Application to grid-based real-space density functional theory.

PubMed

Lee, M; Leiter, K; Eisner, C; Breuer, A; Wang, X

2017-09-21

In this work, we investigate a block Jacobi-Davidson (J-D) variant suitable for sparse symmetric eigenproblems where a substantial number of extremal eigenvalues are desired (e.g., ground-state real-space quantum chemistry). Most J-D algorithm variations tend to slow down as the number of desired eigenpairs increases due to frequent orthogonalization against a growing list of solved eigenvectors. In our specification of block J-D, all of the steps of the algorithm are performed in clusters, including the linear solves, which allows us to greatly reduce computational effort with blocked matrix-vector multiplies. In addition, we move orthogonalization against locked eigenvectors and working eigenvectors outside of the inner loop but retain the single Ritz vector projection corresponding to the index of the correction vector. Furthermore, we minimize the computational effort by constraining the working subspace to the current vectors being updated and the latest set of corresponding correction vectors. Finally, we incorporate accuracy thresholds based on the precision required by the Fermi-Dirac distribution. The net result is a significant reduction in the computational effort against most previous block J-D implementations, especially as the number of wanted eigenpairs grows. We compare our approach with another robust implementation of block J-D (JDQMR) and the state-of-the-art Chebyshev filter subspace (CheFSI) method for various real-space density functional theory systems. Versus CheFSI, for first-row elements, our method yields competitive timings for valence-only systems and 4-6× speedups for all-electron systems with up to 10× reduced matrix-vector multiplies. For all-electron calculations on larger elements (e.g., gold) where the wanted spectrum is quite narrow compared to the full spectrum, we observe 60× speedup with 200× fewer matrix-vector multiples vs. CheFSI.

Second Language Acquisition in a Study Abroad Context. Studies in Bilingualism 9.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Freed, Barbara F., Ed.

The collection of essays on second language learning during study abroad includes: "Language Learning and Study Abroad" (Barbara F. Freed); "Predictors of Foreign Language Gain During Study Abroad" (Richard D. Brecht, Dan E. Davidson, Ralph B. Ginsberg); "A Canadian Interprovincial Exchange: Evaluating the Linguistic…

The Structure and Correlates of Perfectionism in African American Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCreary, Beth T.; Joiner, Thomas E.; Schmidt, Norman B.; Ialongo, Nicholas S.

2004-01-01

This study examined the structure and symptom correlates of perfectionism in a sample of 6th-grade, urban, African American children using the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (CAPS; Flett, Hewitt, Boucher, Davidson, & Munro, 2000). Confirmatory factor analysis showed inadequate fit of the original subscales. Exploratory factor analysis…

Interpreting Students' and Teachers' Discourse in Science Classes: An Underestimated Problem?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klaassen, C. W. J. M.; Lijnse, P. L.

1996-01-01

Deals with the problem of the proper interpretation of discourse between students and teachers in classrooms. Presents several interpretations of a concrete classroom protocol in terms of misconceptions. Draws on Davidson's principle of charity and distinguishes between belief and meaning to present an analysis that interprets the discourse…

Attitudes about Addiction: A National Study of Addiction Educators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Broadus, Angela D.; Hartje, Joyce A.; Roget, Nancy A.; Cahoon, Kristy L.; Clinkinbeard, Samantha S.

2010-01-01

The following study, funded by the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA), utilized the "Addiction Belief Inventory" (ABI; Luke, Ribisl, Walton, & Davidson, 2002) to examine addiction attitudes in a national sample of U.S. college/university faculty teaching addiction-specific courses (n = 215). Results suggest that addiction educators view…

NASA Pathways: Intern Employment Program Work Report Summer 2014

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Davidson, Kyle B.

2014-01-01

This report documents the work experience and project involvement of Kyle Davidson during his tenure at Kennedy Space Center for the summer of 2014. Projects include the Nitrogen Oxygen Recharge System (NORS), Restore satellite servicing program, and mechanical handling operations for the SAGE III and Rapidscat payloads.

Using Multidimensional Scaling To Assess the Dimensionality of Dichotomous Item Data.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meara, Kevin; Robin, Frederic; Sireci, Stephen G.

2000-01-01

Investigated the usefulness of multidimensional scaling (MDS) for assessing the dimensionality of dichotomous test data. Focused on two MDS proximity measures, one based on the PC statistic (T. Chen and M. Davidson, 1996) and other, on interitem Euclidean distances. Simulation results show that both MDS procedures correctly identify…

78 FR 63253 - Davidson Kempner Capital Management LLC; Notice of Application

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-23

... employees of the Adviser other than the Contributor have any knowledge of the Contribution prior to its discovery by the Adviser on November 2, 2011. The Contribution was discovered by the Adviser's compliance... names of employees. After discovery of the Contribution, the Adviser and Contributor obtained the...

Speed Reader. MicroSIFT Courseware Evaluation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Northwest Regional Educational Lab., Portland, OR.

THE FOLLOWING IS THE FULL TEXT OF THIS DOCUMENT (Except for the Evaluation Summary Table): VERSION: Copyright 1981. PRODUCER: Davidson and Associates, 6069 Groveoak Place #12, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA 90274. EVALUATION COMPLETED: January, 1983 by the Oakland ISD of Pontiac, Michigan. COST: $70.00. ABILITY LEVEL: Secondary. SUBJECT: Reading. MEDIUM…

Inequity of Human Services: The Rural Tennessee Dilemma.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tennessee State Univ., Nashville.

Davidson, Williamson, Rutherford, and Cheatham counties of Tennessee were the setting for a study that sought to determine the types of health and social services provided to residents of rural areas and to assess the present status of the service delivery system. Interviews with both agency representatives and randomly selected household…

CAPSAS: Computer Assisted Program for the Selection of Appropriate Statistics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shermis, Mark D.; Albert, Susan L.

A computer-assisted program has been developed for the selection of statistics or statistical techniques by both students and researchers. Based on Andrews, Klem, Davidson, O'Malley and Rodgers "A Guide for Selecting Statistical Techniques for Analyzing Social Science Data," this FORTRAN-compiled interactive computer program was…

Factorial invariance of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms across three veteran samples.

PubMed

McDonald, Scott D; Beckham, Jean C; Morey, Rajendra; Marx, Christine; Tupler, Larry A; Calhoun, Patrick S

2008-06-01

Research generally supports a 4-factor structure of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. However, few studies have established factor invariance by comparing multiple groups. This study examined PTSD symptom structure using the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) across three veteran samples: treatment-seeking Vietnam-era veterans, treatment-seeking post-Vietnam-era veterans, and Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) veteran research participants. Confirmatory factor analyses of DTS items demonstrated that a 4-factor structural model of the DTS (reexperiencing, avoidance, numbing, and hyperarousal) was superior to five alternate models, including the conventional 3-factor model proposed by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994). Results supported factor invariance across the three veteran cohorts, suggesting that cross-group comparisons are interpretable. Implications and applications for DSM-IV nosology and the validity of symptom measures are discussed.

Efficacy of abreactive ego state therapy for PTSD: trauma resolution, depression, and anxiety.

PubMed

Christensen, Ciara; Barabasz, Arreed; Barabasz, Marianne

2013-01-01

Using manualized abreactive Ego State Therapy (EST), 30 subjects meeting DSM-IV-TR and Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) criteria were exposed to either 5-6 hours of treatment or the Ochberg Counting Method (placebo) in a single session. EST emphasized repeated hypnotically activated abreactive "reliving" of the trauma and ego strengthening by the cotherapists. Posttreatment 1-month and 3-month follow-ups showed EST to be an effective treatment for PTSD. Using the Davidson Trauma Scale, Beck Depression II, and Beck Anxiety Scales, EST subjects showed significant positive effects from pretreatment levels at all posttreatment measurement periods in contrast to the placebo treatment. Most of the EST subjects responded and showed further improvement over time.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fertig, Herbert A.

The Gordon Research Conference on GRAPHITIC CARBON MATERIALS, CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS OF was held at the Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina, June 17 – 22, 2012. The Conference was well-attended with 95 participants (attendees list attached). The attendees represented the spectrum of endeavor in this field coming from academia, industry, and government laboratories, both U.S. and foreign scientists, senior researchers, young investigators, and students. Of the 95 attendees, 41 voluntarily responded to a general inquiry regarding ethnicity which appears on our registration forms. Of the 41 respondents, 49% were Minorities – 5% Hispanic, 44% Asian and 0% African American. Approximatelymore » 2% of the participants at the 2012 meeting were women. In designing the formal speakers program, emphasis was placed on current unpublished research and discussion of the future target areas in this field. There was a conscious effort to stimulate lively discussion about the key issues in the field today. Time for formal presentations was limited in the interest of group discussions. In order that more scientists could communicate their most recent results, poster presentation time was scheduled. Attached is a copy of the formal schedule and speaker program and the poster program. In addition to these formal interactions, "free time" was scheduled to allow informal discussions. Such discussions are fostering new collaborations and joint efforts in the field. Carbon materials play an extremely important role in our society. They not only constitute the largest supply of energy we use today (i.e., coal) but also are the bases of many important technologies ranging from pencils, adsorbents, and metal strengtheners, to batteries and many others. Recent studies on graphitic carbon, including fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, have further revealed novel optical and electrical properties, making it possible to use them for new applications in renewable energy as well as microelectronics. Moreover, there are many novel and exciting phenomena in these materials such as molecular magnetism, catalysis, many-body and relativistic quantum mechanics, etc.« less

Workshop Report: Early-Career Anthropologists: Vocation and Occupation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Follis, Karolina S.; Rogler, Christian R.

2015-01-01

Casualisation takes different forms in different academic contexts, from the "adjunctification" of teaching in the U.S.A. to precarious grant-funded postdoc positions common in Europe and the U.K. and the efforts to introduce other forms of temporary academic employment in New Zealand (Shore and Davidson 2014) and Australia (Barcan…

75 FR 57396 - List of Nonconforming Vehicles Decided To Be Eligible for Importation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-21

... environment, public health or safety, or State, local, or Tribal governments or communities; (2) Create a..., health, or safety risk that NHTSA has reason to believe may have a disproportionate effect on children. L... (MC) FX, FL, XL Series..... 1986-1997 202 ...... ...... Harley Davidson (MC) FX, FL, XL & VR Series...

Undergraduate Quality Management Project: Motorcycle Manufacturer Vendor Rating System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baker, James; McHaney, Roger

2009-01-01

A major motorcycle vendor, based in the U.S. Midwest, is the world's largest custom V-Twin motorcycle manufacturer and domestically the second largest motorcycle manufacturer behind Harley-Davidson. This project describes the process used used by a K-State undergraduate distance learning student to design and develop the initial version of a…

NASHVILLE, EXPERIMENT IN URBAN SCHOOL CONSOLIDATION.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

EGERTON, JOHN; LEESON, JIM

THE BIGGEST CHANGE WHICH RESULTED FROM THE CONSOLIDATION OF NASHVILLE AND DAVIDSON COUNTY, TENNESSEE, INTO ONE GOVERNMENTAL UNIT WAS THE CREATION OF A UNIFIED SCHOOL SYSTEM. NOW, ALL BUT ONE MEMBER OF THE NEW METRO BOARD OF EDUCATION ARE NEW APPOINTEES, AS IS THE DIRECTOR OF THE SCHOOL SYSTEM. UNDER THIS NEW LEADERSHIP BROAD CHANGES IN THE…

76 FR 10926 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board; Notice of Filing of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-28

..., Chief Financial Officer dated September 8, 2010 (``Georgetown, Texas Letter''); and Portland Letter... the financial advisor are separate, adversarial roles and cannot be provided by the same party.'' One..., President and Chief Executive Officer dated September 29, 2010 (``D.A. Davidson Letter''); and J.J.B...

76 FR 23854 - Reclassification of Motorcycles (Two and Three Wheeled Vehicles) in the Guide to Reporting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-28

... and the unintended consequences of misclassification. Harley Davidson Motor Company (HDMC) stated that... concerns about the administrative, logistical and financial burdens of providing information based on the... estimated that the cost of updating their computers to process the information included in the new guidance...

Track 1.5/2 Security Dialogues with China: Nuclear Lessons Learned

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-01

Montville, “Foreign Policy According to Freud ,” Foreign Policy 45 (Winter, 1981-1982): 153. 10 Montville and Davidson took this as their starting...D., and Joseph V. Montville. “Foreign Policy According to Freud .” Foreign Policy 45 (Winter, 1981−1982):145−157. English-Chinese Chinese-English

A Theory of Direct Discourse: Its Semantics and Pragmatics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Matsusaka, Youichi

2013-01-01

The dissertation presents a new account of how direct discourse works in natural language. After presenting preliminary discussions of the views of quotation given by Tarski, Quine, and Davidson in Chapter 1, Chapter 2 is devoted to historical investigations into Frege's theory of quotation and direct discourse. Although Frege's theory is often…

Sustainability and Higher Education: From Arborescent to Rhizomatic Thinking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Le Grange, Lesley Lionel Leonard

2011-01-01

Currently, global society is delicately poised on a civilisational threshold similar to that of the feudal era. This is a time when outmoded institutions, values, and systems of thought and their associated dogmas are ripe for transcendence by more relevant systems of organization and knowledge (Davidson, 2000). The foundations of the modern era…

FORUM: Instructional Communication and Millennial Students: Teaching Communication to Emerging Adults

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tompkins, Paula S.

2016-01-01

The new developmental stage of emerging adulthood (age 18-25) offers a framework for thinking about younger millennials in our classrooms. Smith, Christoffersen, Davidson, and Herzog's (2011) profile of emerging adults, based on longitudinal study of over 3200 emerging adults and culminating in 230 in-depth interviews, parallels research of the…

Academic Orientation, Academic Achievement, and Noctcaelador: Does Interest in Night-Sky Watching Correlate with Students' Approach to the Academic Environment?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kelly, William E.; Daughtry, Don

2007-01-01

This study explored the relationship between academic orientation, academic achievement, and interest in night-sky watching (noctcaelador). Participants included 117 students enrolled in undergraduate psychology classes who completed the Survey of Academic Orientations (SAO; Davidson, Beck, & Silver, 1999), Noctcaelador Inventory (NI; Kelly,…

Digital Portfolios and Learning: The Students' Voices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Donnelly, Brian Francis

2010-01-01

The convergence of innovations in digital technologies and expanding global internet connectivity has given rise to an emerging field of study identified as Digital Media and Learning (DML). (Davidson and Goldberg, 2009; Gee, 2009; Ito, Horst and Bittanti, 2008; Jenkins and Purushotma, 2008). In describing his work for the MacArthur Foundation's…

Mood as Embodied Action: A Phenomenological Study of Interaction between Self and the Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manley, Dolores R.

2009-01-01

This phenomenological study explored the interaction between the affective phenomenon of mood (Davidson, et al., 2003) and embodied action (Varela, et al., 1993) experienced during interaction between self and the environment. Exploring the complementarity of mood and embodied action for organizations, teams, or individuals provided insightful…

76 FR 5078 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans: Tennessee; Approval of Section 110...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-28

...) Maintenance Plan for the 1997 8-Hour Ozone Standards for the Nashville, TN, Area AGENCY: Environmental... Tennessee State Implementation Plan (SIP) concerning the maintenance plan addressing the 1997 8-hour ozone standards for the Nashville, Tennessee 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance area, which is comprised of Davidson...

Self-Nurturing of Precocious Youth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Feldhusen, John F.

2005-01-01

In their new book, "Genius Denied" (2004), Jan and Bob Davidson paint a bleak picture of the educational scene for gifted and talented children in the United States. They also do a thorough job of presenting and describing the many school programs and services available and the good research bases for those programs and services. What…

Hardy: A Collection of Critical Essays. Twentieth Century Views Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guerard, Albert J., Ed.

One of a series of works aimed at presenting contemporary critical opinion on major authors, this collection includes essays by Albert Guerard, Donald Davidson, Morton Dauwen Zabel, D. H. Lawrence, John Hollowan, Dorothy Van Ghent, John Paterson, A. Alvarez, Delmore Schwartz, W. H. Auden, David Perkins, and Samuel Hynes--all dealing with the…

Hospitalization Cost Offset of a Hostility Intervention for Coronary Heart Disease Patients

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davidson, Karina W.; Gidron, Yori; Mostofsky, Elizabeth; Trudeau, Kimberlee J.

2007-01-01

The authors evaluated hospitalization cost offset of hostility management group therapy for patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) from a previously published randomized controlled trial (Y. Gidron, K. Davidson, & I. Bata, 1999). Twenty-six male patients with myocardial infarction or unstable angina were randomized to either 2 months of…

North Carolina's Higher Education System: Success or Failure?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gillen, Andrew; Vedder, Richard

2008-01-01

North Carolina has long prided itself on what many perceive to be one of the finest systems of higher education in the country. Aside from having a number of nationally recognized private schools of distinction (e.g., Duke, Wake Forest, Davidson), the state has invested aggressively with public funds. State government appropriations for higher…

The Effects of Railroads on the Emergence of Operational Art During the American Civil War, 1861-1865

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-05-23

L&N Railroad in the Civil War: A Vital North–South Link and the Struggle to Control It. Jefferson: McFarland & Company, 2011. Lord, Francis A...Battlefield 1861-1863. Amherst: Prometheus Books, 2008. Reynolds, Paul Davidson. A Primer in Theory Construction. Boston: Allyn and Bacon Classics

Merger in Higher Education: Learning from Experiences

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Drowley, Melinda J.; Lewis, Duncan; Brooks, Simon

2013-01-01

Political pressure to reduce the number of higher education institutions in Wales has been sustained for over a decade by three successive ministers for education, two of whom, Jane Davidson and the current incumbent, Leighton Andrews, have left the Welsh sector in no doubt about the strength of their personal commitment to the policy of…

Paired Comparisons.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-05-01

including multidimensional scaling. Applications have arisen in many areas, but most notably in food technolog, marketing research, and sports ... competition .- An extensive bibliography on paired comparisons by Davidson and Farquhar (1976) contains some 400 references. - Paired comparisons have been...consideration of chess competition . Ford (1957) pro- posed the model independently. Both Zermelo and Ford concentrated on solution of normal equations for

Contemporary Reflections on Speech-Based Language Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gustafson, Marianne

2009-01-01

In "The Relation of Language to Mental Development and of Speech to Language Teaching," S.G. Davidson displayed several timeless insights into the role of speech in developing language and reasons for using speech as the basis for instruction for children who are deaf and hard of hearing. His understanding that speech includes more than merely…

Resiliency and the Ability to Detect Cartoon Humor

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Killlon, Jessica B.; Torres, Aurora

2017-01-01

The Connor Davidson Resilience Scale was developed to measure resiliency, an individual's ability to positively adapt to stressful or adverse situations. Resilient individuals have close and secure relationships, have a strong sense of purpose, know when to turn to others for help, and find humor in situations. The focus of this study was on the…

Using the Kannada version of the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale to assess resilience and its relationship with psychological distress among adolescent girls in Bangalore, India.

PubMed

Sidheek, K P Fasli; Satyanarayana, Veena A; Sowmya, H R; Chandra, Prabha S

2017-12-01

A widely used and accepted scale for assessing resilience is the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). The aim of the present study was to establish the psychometric properties of the Kannada version of the scale and assess the relationship between resilience and psychological distress in a sample of adolescent girls living in low-income settings. Data was obtained from a sample of 606 adolescent girls studying in a college meant for women from a socio-economically disadvantaged setting. The CD- RISC (25 item) was used to assess resilience and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) was used to assess psychological distress. Exploratory factor analysis yielded four stable factors instead of the original five factors. Similar results have been obtained in other factor-analytic studies. A significant negative correlation was found between psychological distress and resilience. Our study shows that the CD-RISC is a valuable measure to assess resilience among adolescents in low-income settings. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

More Vision than Renaissance: Arabic as a Language of Science in the UAE

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cook, William Robert Amilan

2017-01-01

Since its unification in 1971, the United Arab Emirates has experienced tremendous growth. Wealth generated by the oil industry has helped the country rapidly develop all levels of the educational system along with the economy (Davidson in "After the Sheikhs: the coming collapse of the Gulf monarchies," Hurst, London, 2013). English has…

Truth and the Capability of Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hinchliffe, Geoffrey

2007-01-01

This paper examines learning as a capability, taking as its starting point the work of Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum. The paper is concerned to highlight the relation between learning and truth, and it does so by examining the idea of a genealogy of truth and also Donald Davidson's coherence theory. Thus the notion of truth is understood to be…

Developmentally Regulated Ribosomal rDNA Genes in Plasmodium vivax: Biological Implications and Practical Applications

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-08-10

R. A" Moore, P. B. , Schlessinger, D., Warner, J. R., eds. American Society for Microbiology , Washington, D. C. pp. 73-92. Nomura, M., Morgan, E...HEIFFER, M. H. , DAVIDSON, D. E., JR" AND KORTE, D. W., JR. 1984. Preclinical TeSiing . In " Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology" (W. Peters and

Demystifying a Q-Matrix for Making Diagnostic Inferences about L2 Reading Skills: The Author Responds

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jang, Eunice Eunhee

2010-01-01

This article presents the author's response to the commentary essays by Charles Alderson and Fred Davidson on "Demystifying a Q-matrix for making diagnostic inferences about L2 reading skills" (Jang, 2009). The author stresses that their commentaries provides vital perspectives on the challenges to pushing the boundaries of current testing…

Integrated Bow Waterjet for Amphibious Vehicles.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-01

8217 Davidson Laboratory Report 2276, October 1982. 3. J. D. van Manen , "Open-Water Test Series with Propellers in Nozzles," International Shipbuilding Progress...Volume 1, No. 2, 1954, pg. 99. 4. W.P.A. van Lammeren, J. D. van Manen and M.W.C. Oosterveld, "The Wageningen B-Screw Series," Trans. SNAME 1969, pg

75 FR 74145 - Receipt of Petition for Decision That Nonconforming 2010 Harley Davidson FL Series Motorcycles...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-30

... reflex reflector; (d) rear turn signal lamps; (e) stoplamp; (f) taillamp; and (g) license plate lamp.... Privacy Act: Anyone is able to search the electronic form of all comments received into any of our dockets... submit late comments. Accordingly, we recommend that you periodically search the Docket for new material...

Relationships of Stress Exposures to Health in Gulf War Veterans

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-10-01

traumatic events and post - traumatic stress disorder . In: Nutt D, Zohar J, Davidson J (eds). Post ...if such subgroups could be distinguished with respect to Gulf War exposures and probable posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ). Additionally, we... stress disorder ( PTSD ). Additionally, we sought to examine the functional consequences of specific patterns of ill-health and probable PTSD ten

Uwharrie national forest case study

Treesearch

S.G McNulty

2008-01-01

The Uwharrie National Forest (originally called the Uwharrie Reservation) was first purchased by the federal government in 1931 during the Great Depression. In 1961, President John F. Kennedy proclaimed the federal lands in Montgomery, Randolph, and Davidson Counties (Fig. A1.6). The UNF is within a two-hour drive of North Carolina’s largest population centers,...

The Relationship between Student Voice and Perceptions of Motivation, Attachment, Achievement and School Climate in Davidson and Rutherford Counties

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Matthews, Sharon Elizabeth

2010-01-01

This study investigated the extent to which there were statistically significant relationships between school administrators' systemic implementation of student voice work and student perceptions (i.e. achievement, motivation, attachment and school climate) and PLAN performance. Student voice was defined as students being equal partners in school…

Role of ets Oncogenes in the Progression of Breast Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-10-01

8217 References 167 Arias J, Alberts AS, Brindle P, Claret FX, Smeal T, Karin M, May WA, Lessnick SL, Braun BS, Klemsz M, Lewis BC, Feramisco J and Montminy M...0 and Shaw PE. (1994). Mol. Cell. Oncogene, 8, 3459-3464. Biol., 14, 4815-4824. Bories J, Willerford DM, Grevin D, Davidson L, Camus A, Lopez M

Cosmopolitanism as Communication? On Conditions for Educational Conversations in a Globalized Society

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wahlström, Ninni

2016-01-01

In this article, I explore the question of how a cosmopolitan perspective on education could be understood from curriculum-based activities in classrooms. Assuming that there is a cosmopolitan potential in curriculum content as such, I draw on David Hansen, Anthony Kwame Appiah and Donald Davidson to argue that cosmopolitanism at the classroom…

75 FR 51153 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-18

... clearance by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in compliance with Public Law 104-13, the Paperwork... MCS Screens Form SSA-1: MCS 172,200 1 11 31,570 MCS/Signature Proxy 1,250,800 1 10 208,467 Paper 20... 13, 2010. Liz Davidson, Center Director, Center for Reports Clearance, Social Security Administration...

Adaptation of Individual and Team Character in Sport Questionnaire to Turkish

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Görgüt, Ilyas; Tutkun, Erkut

2017-01-01

The aim of this study was to make validity and reliability of Turkish form of the individual and team character in sport questionnaire (ITCSQ) which was developed by Davidson et al., (2000). Scale was designed to measure outcomes related with character in the sport environment. 438 participants were voluntarily included into the study in two…

Protection for the U.S. Automobile Industry: A Joint Class Simulation in Trade Policy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hess, Peter N.; Ortmayer, Louis M.

A description of a joint class simulation in trade policy undertaken by an international economics class and a political science class at Davidson College (Pennsylvania) is presented in three sections. Section I describes the structure of the simulation. Students were divided into groups of United States auto manufacturers, the United Auto…

1401486

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-10-27

DURING THE MARSHALL TECHNOLOGY EXPO, HELD AT THE DAVIDSON CENTER FOR SPACE EXPLORATION, HUNDREDS OF PARTICIPANTS -- INCLUDING AREA HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS –VISITED DOZENS OF BOOTHS AND EXHIBITS SHOWCASING EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND IN-HOUSE CAPABILITIES OF THE MARSHALL CENTER. EXPO PARTICIPANTS INCLUDED NASA TEAM MEMBERS, ALONG WITH AEROSPACE PROFESSIONALS FROM GOVERNMENT, INDUSTRY AND ACADEMIA, ALL INTERESTED IN ADVANCEMENTS WITH PROPULSION, AVIONICS, ADVANCED MANUFACTURING AND MORE.

Hydration, erosion, and release behavior of guar-based hydrophilic matrix tablets containing total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides.

PubMed

Zhao, Wenchang; Song, Lijun; Deng, Hongzhu; Yao, Hui

2009-05-01

It is a challenge to deliver water-soluble drug based on hydrophilic matrix to colon because of swelling and erosion of polysaccharides in contact with media. In our study, guar-based hydrophilic matrix tablets containing water-soluble total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides prepared by wet granulation technique were evaluated. A novel method was established to investigate the changes of swelling and volume for guar-based tablets in undynamic state, which generally showed a rapid swelling and volume change in the first 9 h, then the hydrated speed slowed down. On the other hand, the influence of different pH of the media on water uptake and erosion of various guar-based formulations in dynamic state indicated that the hydrated constants in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) was higher than that in SIF, which followed varied mechanism of water penetration by fitting Davidson and Peppas model. The extent of erosion was between 22.4 and 32.6% in SIF within 360 min. In vitro sophoridine release studies in successive different mimicking media showed that the guar matrix tablets released 13.5-25.6% of sophoridine in the first 6 h; therefore it was necessary to develop the bilayer matrix tablet by direct-compressing coating 100 mg guar granula on core tablet. The initial release of coated tablet was retarded and the bilayer matrix tablet was suitable for colon target.

Lessons from China and Japan for Preschool Practice in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Che, Yi; Hayashi, Akiko; Tobin, Joseph

2007-01-01

For the past six years the authors have been working together on a major study of early childhood education in China, Japan, and the United States. This study, "Continuity and Change in Preschools in Three Cultures," is a sequel to "Preschools in Three Cultures," a book by Joseph Tobin, David Wu, and Dana Davidson that was…

Solvent Effects on Emission Yield and Lifetime for Coumarin Laser Dyes. Requirements for a Rotatory Decay Mechanism.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-10-31

spectral shifts and sizeable solvent iso- tope effects have been frequently observed for solvent exciplexes , e in contrast to our findings. The results also...49. Chandross, E. A.; "The Exciplex " Gordon, M.; Ware, W. R. (ed.) 4 Academic Press, Inc.: New York; 1975; p 187. SO. a. Beecroft, R. A.; Davidson, R

Jeffrey Logan | NREL

Science.gov Websites

: Number 2. NREL/TP-6A50-64654. Logan, J., G. Heath, J. Macknick, E. Paranhos, W. Boyd, and K. Carlson . Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NREL/BR-6A50-57702. Mai, T., J. Logan, N. Blair, P , J., A. Lopez, T. Mai, C. Davidson, M. Bazilian, and D. Arent. "Natural Gas Scenarios in the U.S

How Busing Burdened Blacks: Critical Race Theory and Busing for Desegregation in Nashville-Davidson County

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woodward, Jennifer R.

2011-01-01

This article uses critical race theory, court opinions, newspapers, and interviews to explain how the burden of busing for desegregation was placed upon Blacks in Nashville, Tennessee and why the agenda of the litigants in the Kelley v. Metropolitan Board of Education cases shifted over time. The deliberate pace of the initial desegregation…

The Structure and Temporal Stability of the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Connor, Rory C.; Dixon, Diane; Rasmussen, Susan

2009-01-01

In this study, the authors examined the factor structure and temporal stability of the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (CAPS; G. L. Flett, P. L. Hewitt, D. J. Boucher, L. A. Davidson, & Y. Munro, 1997) in 2 samples of adolescents (15-16 years old). In Sample 1 (n = 624), confirmatory factor analysis did not support a 2-factor structure…

IMPACT of City-County Consolidation of the Rural-Urban Fringe: Nashville-Davidson County, Tennessee.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Economic Research Service (USDA), Washington, DC.

This report analyzed the effect of consolidation of city and county governments in Nashville, Tenn., on local public finance and the availability of public services in the rural areas of the county. Comparisons were made between governmental costs and functions before and 3 years after the metropolitan district was formed. Some 299 voters in the…

A School for Unsqueaky Wheels

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Van der Werf, Martin

2008-01-01

The Davidson Academy of Nevada may have one of the most-intelligent student bodies in America, with each student required to be in the 99th percentile on IQ or achievement tests. But these kids need room to run and jump and have someone to talk to as much as any middle schooler. The 44 students now at the academy are at the precarious stage of…

International Workshop on Gravel-Bed Rivers. Dynamics of Gravel-Bed Rivers (3rd), held in Firenze - Poggio a Caiano Italy on September 24-28, 1990

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-07-31

Geol., 22, 97-120. Wymer, J.J. (1968). Lower Palaeolithic Archaeology in Britain, John Baker, London. Wymer, J.J. (1976), The interpretation of... Palaeolithic cultural and faunal material found in Pleistocene sediments, in, Geo-archaeology, Davidson, D.A. and Shackley, M.L. (eds.), Duckworth, London, pp

Valence Specific Laterality Effects in Prosody: Expectancy Account and the Effects of Morphed Prosody and Stimulus Lead

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rodway, Paul; Schepman, Astrid

2007-01-01

The majority of studies have demonstrated a right hemisphere (RH) advantage for the perception of emotions. Other studies have found that the involvement of each hemisphere is valence specific, with the RH better at perceiving negative emotions and the LH better at perceiving positive emotions [Reuter-Lorenz, P., & Davidson, R.J. (1981)…

Recovery of Phytophthora species from drainage points and tributaries within two forest stream networks: a preliminary report

Treesearch

J. Hwang; S.W. Oak; S.N. Jeffers

2011-01-01

To evaluate the number of stream sample sites needed to effectively survey a given stream network for species of Phytophthora, two stream networks, Davidson River and Cathey's Creek, in western North Carolina (USA) were studied. One-litre water samples were collected from the terminal drainage points and most of the tributaries in each stream...

Area Handbook Series: Ethiopia. A Country Study

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-07-01

as fertilizers, improved seeds, and pesticides ; innovative extension services: the establishment of cooperatives: and the provision of infrastructure...system that favored big landowners) and tenant eviction. Imperial government policy permitting investors to import fer- tilizers, pesticides , tractors and...garrison town of Afabet. According to British historian and Africa specialist Basil Davidson, the Afabet victory was one of the biggest ever scored by any

VERIFICATION OF SURFACE LAYER OZONE FORECASTS IN THE NOAA/EPA AIR QUALITY FORECAST SYSTEM IN DIFFERENT REGIONS UNDER DIFFERENT SYNOPTIC SCENARIOS

EPA Science Inventory

An air quality forecast (AQF) system has been established at NOAA/NCEP since 2003 as a collaborative effort of NOAA and EPA. The system is based on NCEP's Eta mesoscale meteorological model and EPA's CMAQ air quality model (Davidson et al, 2004). The vision behind this system is ...

Isothermal enthalpy relaxation of glassy 1,2,6-hexanetriol

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fransson, Å.; Bäckström, G.

The isothermal enthalpy relaxation of glassy 1,2,6-hexanetriol has been measured at six temperatures. The relaxation time and the distribution parameters extracted from fits of the Williams-Watts relaxation function are compared with parameters obtained by other techniques and on other substances. A detailed comparison of the Williams-Watts and the Davidson-Cole relaxation functions is presented.

Drawing with Light and Clay: Teaching and Learning in the Art Studio as Pathways to Engagement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Albertson, Constant; Davidson, Miriam

2007-01-01

In this essay, Albertson and Davidson explore the attributes of photography and ceramic arts education to identify eight key elements integral to engagement in these art studios for under-served and disenchanted learners. They suggest that these key elements can provide numerous clues as to how teachers and school communities might reimagine both…

Ethnographic Research and Globalization: A Discussion of Joseph Tobin's Model of Video-Cued Multivocal Ethnography

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Watras, Joseph

2014-01-01

Joseph Tobin made an impact on the field of comparative education in 2009 when he used a unique form of ethnography to illuminate the effects of world-wide forces, such as modernization, on schools in specific countries. Earlier, in 1989, he published "Preschool in Three Cultures" with co-authors David Wu and Dana Davidson. The…

Teachers' Interpretations of the Internet. An Applied Case Study for the Evaluation of Technological Frames of Reference

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Camilleri, Patrick

2012-01-01

In 1994 Orlikowski and Gash articulated Technological Frames of Reference as a systematic theoretical lens to examine technological developments in organisations. A decade later, in 2004, Davidson and Pai expressed concern that while the lens was widely cited in academic discourse, the incidence and adoption of the model as an analytical framework…

A New Decade of Language Testing Research: Selected Papers from the Annual Language Testing Research Colloquium (12th, San Francisco, California, March 1990).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Douglas, Dan, Ed.; Chapelle, Carol, Ed.

Papers from the conference on language testing include: "Foundations and Directions for a New Decade of Language Testing" (Carol Chapelle, Dan Douglas); "A Comparison of the Abilities Measured by the Cambridge and Educational Testing Service EFL Test Batteries" (Lyle F. Bachman, Fred Davidson, John Foulkes); "Judgments in…

The Animated Classroom: Using Japanese Anime to Engage and Motivate Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ruble, Julie; Lysne, Kim

2010-01-01

Each year, seventh graders at Woodlawn School in Davidson, North Carolina, learn about Japan through a compilation of literature, history, and art. They are introduced to a wide range of ideas and materials: they study the Heian and Tokugawa Periods as well as modern Japan, the code of the samurai warriors, haiku and its components, and Japanese…

Fluorescence-based Sensing of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) Using a Multi-channeled Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) Microimmunosensor

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-22

Davidson, Y.Y.; McWhorter, C.S.; Soper , S.A.; McCarley, R.L. Surface modification of poly(methyl methacrylate) used in the fabrication of microanalytical...J.; Hupert, M.L.; Patterson, D.; Gottert, J.; McCarley, R.L.; Nikitopoulos, D.; Murphy, M.C.; Soper , S.A. Highly efficient circulating tumor cell

Ac-conductivity and dielectric response of new zinc-phosphate glass/metal composites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maaroufi, A.; Oabi, O.; Lucas, B.

2016-07-01

The ac-conductivity and dielectric response of new composites based on zinc-phosphate glass with composition 45 mol%ZnO-55 mol%P2O5, filled with metallic powder of nickel (ZP/Ni) were investigated by impedance spectroscopy in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 1 MHz at room temperature. A high percolating jump of seven times has been observed in the conductivity behavior from low volume fraction of filler to the higher fractions, indicating an insulator - semiconductor phase transition. The measured conductivity at higher filler volume fraction is about 10-1 S/cm and is frequency independent, while, the obtained conductivity for low filler volume fraction is around 10-8 S/cm and is frequency dependent. Moreover, the elaborated composites are characterized by high dielectric constants in the range of 105 for conductive composites at low frequencies (100 Hz). In addition, the distribution of the relaxation processes was also evaluated. The Debye, Cole-Cole, Davidson-Cole and Havriliak-Negami models in electric modulus formalism were used to model the observed relaxation phenomena in ZP/Ni composites. The observed relaxation phenomena are fairly simulated by Davidson-Cole model, and an account of the interpretation of results is given.

Validation of the Davidson Trauma Scale in its original and a new shorter version in people exposed to the F-27 earthquake in Chile

PubMed Central

Leiva-Bianchi, Marcelo C.; Araneda, Andrea C.

2013-01-01

Background On February 27, 2010 (F-27), an earthquake and tsunami occurred having a significant impact on the mental health of the Chilean population, leading to an increase in cases of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Objectives Within this context, validated for the first time in Chile was the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) using three samples (each one consisting of 200 participants), two of them random from the Chilean population. Results Reliability analyses (i.e., α=0.933), concurrent validity (63% of the items are significantly correlated with the criteria variable “degree of damage to home”) and construct validity (i.e., CMIN = 3.754, RMSEA = 0.118, NFI = 0.808, CFI = 0.850 and PNFI = 0.689) indicate validity between regular and good for DTS. However, a new short version of the scale (DTS-SF) created using the items with heavier factor weights, presented better fits (CMIN = 2.170, RMSEA = 0.077, NFI = 0.935, CFI = 0.963, PNFI = 0.697). Discussion Finally, the usefulness of DTS and DTS-SF is discussed, the latter being briefer, valid and having better psychometric characteristics. PMID:23983920

A novel application of RNase H2-dependent quantitative PCR for detection and quantification of Grosmannia clavigera, a mountain pine beetle fungal symbiont, in environmental samples

PubMed Central

McAllister, Chandra H; Fortier, Colleen E; St Onge, Kate R; Sacchi, Bianca M; Nawrot, Meaghan J; Locke, Troy

2018-01-01

Abstract Mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins; MPB) is an economically and ecologically important pest of pine species in western North America. Mountain pine beetles form complex multipartite relationships with microbial partners, including the ophiostomoid fungi Grosmannia clavigera (Robinson-Jeffrey and Davidson) Zipfel, de Beer and Wingfield, Ophiostoma montium (Rumbold) von Arx, Grosmannia aurea (Robinson-Jeffrey and Davidson) Zipfel, de Beer and Wingfield, Leptographium longiclavatum (Lee, Kim, and Breuil) and Leptographium terebrantis (Barras and Perry). These fungi are vectored by MPB to new pine hosts, where the fungi overcome host defenses to grow into the sapwood. A tree’s relative susceptibility to these fungi is conventionally assessed by measuring lesions that develop in response to fungal inoculation. However, these lesions represent a symptom of infection, representing both fungal growth and tree defense capacity. In order to more objectively assess fungal virulence and host tree susceptibility in studies of host–pathogen interactions, a reliable, consistent, sensitive method is required to accurately identify and quantify MPB-associated fungal symbionts in planta. We have adapted RNase H2-dependent PCR, a technique originally designed for rare allele discrimination, to develop a novel RNase H2-dependent quantitative PCR (rh-qPCR) assay that shows greater specificity and sensitivity than previously published PCR-based methods to quantify MPB fungal symbionts in pine xylem and MPB whole beetles. Two sets of assay probes were designed: one that amplifies a broad range of ophiostomoid species, and a second that amplifies G. clavigera but not other MPB-associated ophiostomoid species. Using these primers to quantify G. clavigera in pine stems, we provide evidence that lesion length does not accurately reflect the extent of fungal colonization along the stem nor the quantity of fungal growth within this colonized portion of stem. The sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, cost effectiveness and high-throughput potential of the rh-qPCR assay makes the technology suitable for identification and quantification of a wide array of pathogenic and beneficial microbes that form associations with plants and other organisms, even when the microbial partner is present in low abundance. PMID:29329457

Resilience in Patients With Recent Diagnosis of a Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder.

PubMed

Bozikas, Vasilis P; Parlapani, Eleni; Holeva, Vasiliki; Skemperi, Eleni; Bargiota, Stavroula I; Kirla, Danai; Rera, Eirini; Garyfallos, Georgios

2016-08-01

This study focused on resilience in patients who recently received a diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). Psychopathological symptoms, depressive symptoms, and hopelessness were considered as sources of stress in the context of psychosis. Forty-eight SSD patients (mean period between diagnosis and recruitment, 20.79 months) were enrolled. Psychopathological symptoms were assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, depression by the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia, hopelessness by the Beck Hopelessness Scale, and functioning by the Social and Occupational Functioning Scale. Resilience was evaluated by the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, which was additionally completed by 81 healthy controls. Patients demonstrated less resilience than did healthy participants. Female patients showed higher resilience levels and functioning than did males. High resilience levels were associated with less severe positive symptoms, general psychopathological symptoms, depression, and hopelessness. Apart from negative symptoms, results indicated that resilience may be a potential moderator of functioning. Thus, resilience-oriented interventions might constitute an additional therapeutic approach for SSD patients.

(In)visible threats? The third-person effect in perceptions of the influence of Facebook.

PubMed

Paradise, Angela; Sullivan, Meghan

2012-01-01

The popularity of Facebook has generated numerous discussions on the individual-level effects of social networking. However, we know very little about people's perceptions of the effects of the most popular social networking site, Facebook. The current investigation reports the findings from a survey designed to help us better understand young people's estimates of the perceived negative effects of Facebook use on themselves and others in regard to three outcome categories: (1) personal relationships, (2) future employment opportunities, and (3) privacy. Congruent with Davidson's third-person effect theory, respondents, when asked about the three outcome categories, believed that the use of Facebook had a larger negative impact on others (e.g., "your closest friends," "younger people," "people in your Facebook network of friends," and "Facebook users in general") than on themselves. Overall, results were inconclusive when it came to the link between the third-person perceptual gap and support for enhanced regulation of Facebook. Implications and limitations of this research are discussed.

On the non-exponentiality of the dielectric Debye-like relaxation of monoalcohols

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arrese-Igor, S.; Alegría, A.; Colmenero, J.

2017-03-01

We have investigated the Debye-like relaxation in a series of monoalcohols (MAs) by broadband dielectric spectroscopy and thermally stimulated depolarization current techniques in order to get further insight on the time dispersion of this intriguing relaxation. Results indicate that the Debye-like relaxation of MAs is not always of exponential type and conforms well to a dispersion of Cole-Davidson type. Apart from the already reported non-exponentiality of the Debye-like relaxation in 2-hexyl-1-decanol and 2-butyl-1-octanol, a detailed analysis of the dielectric permittivity of 5-methyl-3-heptanol shows that this MA also presents some extent of dispersion on its Debye-like relaxation which strongly depends on the temperature. Results suggest that the non-exponential character of the Debye-like relaxation might be a general characteristic in the case of not so intense Debye-like relaxations relative to the α relaxation. Finally, we briefly discuss on the T-dependence and possible origin for the observed dispersion.

Density dependence and climate effects in Rocky Mountain elk: an application of regression with instrumental variables for population time series with sampling error.

PubMed

Creel, Scott; Creel, Michael

2009-11-01

1. Sampling error in annual estimates of population size creates two widely recognized problems for the analysis of population growth. First, if sampling error is mistakenly treated as process error, one obtains inflated estimates of the variation in true population trajectories (Staples, Taper & Dennis 2004). Second, treating sampling error as process error is thought to overestimate the importance of density dependence in population growth (Viljugrein et al. 2005; Dennis et al. 2006). 2. In ecology, state-space models are used to account for sampling error when estimating the effects of density and other variables on population growth (Staples et al. 2004; Dennis et al. 2006). In econometrics, regression with instrumental variables is a well-established method that addresses the problem of correlation between regressors and the error term, but requires fewer assumptions than state-space models (Davidson & MacKinnon 1993; Cameron & Trivedi 2005). 3. We used instrumental variables to account for sampling error and fit a generalized linear model to 472 annual observations of population size for 35 Elk Management Units in Montana, from 1928 to 2004. We compared this model with state-space models fit with the likelihood function of Dennis et al. (2006). We discuss the general advantages and disadvantages of each method. Briefly, regression with instrumental variables is valid with fewer distributional assumptions, but state-space models are more efficient when their distributional assumptions are met. 4. Both methods found that population growth was negatively related to population density and winter snow accumulation. Summer rainfall and wolf (Canis lupus) presence had much weaker effects on elk (Cervus elaphus) dynamics [though limitation by wolves is strong in some elk populations with well-established wolf populations (Creel et al. 2007; Creel & Christianson 2008)]. 5. Coupled with predictions for Montana from global and regional climate models, our results predict a substantial reduction in the limiting effect of snow accumulation on Montana elk populations in the coming decades. If other limiting factors do not operate with greater force, population growth rates would increase substantially.

Equation-of-motion coupled cluster method for the description of the high spin excited states

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Musiał, Monika, E-mail: musial@ich.us.edu.pl; Lupa, Łukasz; Kucharski, Stanisław A.

2016-04-21

The equation-of-motion (EOM) coupled cluster (CC) approach in the version applicable for the excitation energy (EE) calculations has been formulated for high spin components. The EE-EOM-CC scheme based on the restricted Hartree-Fock reference and standard amplitude equations as used in the Davidson diagonalization procedure yields the singlet states. The triplet and higher spin components require separate amplitude equations. In the case of quintets, the relevant equations are much simpler and easier to solve. Out of 26 diagrammatic terms contributing to the R{sub 1} and R{sub 2} singlet equations in the case of quintets, only R{sub 2} operator survives with 5more » diagrammatic terms present. In addition all terms engaging three body elements of the similarity transformed Hamiltonian disappear. This indicates a substantial simplification of the theory. The implemented method has been applied to the pilot study of the excited states of the C{sub 2} molecule and quintet states of C and Si atoms.« less

Calculations of the excitation energies of all-trans and 11,12s-dicis retinals using localized molecular orbitals obtained by the elongation method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kurihara, Youji; Aoki, Yuriko; Imamura, Akira

1997-09-01

In the present article, the excitation energies of the all-trans and the 11,12s-dicis retinals were calculated by using the elongation method. The geometries of these molecules were optimized with the 4-31G basis set by using the GAUSSIAN 92 program. The wave functions for the calculation of the excitation energies were obtained with CNDO/S approximation by the elongation method, which enables us to analyze electronic structures of aperiodic polymers in terms of the exciton-type local excitation and the charge transfer-type excitation. The excitation energies were calculated by using the single excitation configuration interaction (SECI) on the basis of localized molecular orbitals (LMOs). The LMOs were obtained in the process of the elongation method. The configuration interaction (CI) matrices were diagonalized by Davidson's method. The calculated results were in good agreement with the experimental data for absorption spectra. In order to consider the isomerization path from 11,12s-dicis to all-trans retinals, the barriers to the rotations about C11-C12 double and C12-C13 single bonds were evaluated.

Gender, British Administration and Mission Management of Education in Zambia 1900-1939

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allen, Julia

2010-01-01

This article discusses the impact of including gender in the analytical framework in a study of the management and provision of education in Zambia from 1900 to 1939. It shows that a focus on gender allows females to enter the historical narrative and the leadership of women such as Mabel Shaw, Hannah Frances Davidson and Julia Smith can be given…

Riding in silence: a little snowboarding, a lot of small RNAs

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

The recent symposium, RNA silencing: Mechanism, Biology and Applications, organized by Phillip D. Zamore (University of Massachusetts Medical School) and Beverly Davidson (University of Iowa), and held in Keystone, Colorado, brought together scientists working on diverse aspects of RNA silencing, a field that comprises a multitude of gene regulatory pathways guided by microRNAs, small interfering RNAs and PIWI-interacting RNAs. PMID:20230614

Conveying the Complex: Updating U.S. Joint Systems Analysis Doctrine with Complexity Theory

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-10

screech during a public address, or sustain and amplify it during a guitar solo. Since the systems are nonlinear, understanding cause and effect... Classics , 2007), 12. 34 those frames.58 A technique to cope with the potentially confusing...Reynolds, Paul Davidson. A Primer in Theory Construction. Boston: Allyn and Bacon Classics , 2007. Riolo, Rick L. “The Effects and Evolution of Tag

Large-Scale Physical Separation of Depleted Uranium from Soil

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-09-01

Earth and Environment 285 Davidson Avenue, Suite 100 Somerset, NJ 08873 Catherine Nestler Applied Research Associates, Inc. 119 Monument Place...square meters square miles 2.589998 E+06 square meters square yards 0.8361274 square meters yards 0.9144 meters ERDC/EL TR-12-25 viii...depleted uranium EL Environmental Laboratory ERDC Engineer Research and Development Center ICP-MS Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectroscopy

An ab initio benchmark study of the H + CO --> HCO reaction

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Woon, D. E.

1996-01-01

The H + CO --> HCO reaction has been characterized with correlation consistent basis sets at five levels of theory in order to benchmark the sensitivities of the barrier height and reaction ergicity to the one-electron and n-electron expansions of the electronic wave function. Single and multireference methods are compared and contrasted. The coupled cluster method RCCSD(T) was found to be in very good agreement with Davidson-corrected internally-contracted multireference configuration interaction (MRCI+Q). Second-order Moller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) was also employed. The estimated complete basis set (CBS) limits for the barrier height (in kcal/mol) for the five methods, including harmonic zero-point energy corrections, are MP2, 4.66; RCCSD, 4.78; RCCSD(T), 4.15; MRCI, 5.10; and MRCI+Q, 4.07. Similarly, the estimated CBS limits for the ergicity of the reaction are: MP2, -17.99; RCCSD, -13.34; RCCSD(T), -13.79; MRCI, -11.46; and MRCI+Q, -13.70. Additional basis set explorations for the RCCSD(T) method demonstrate that aug-cc-pVTZ sets, even with some functions removed, are sufficient to reproduce the CBS limits to within 0.1-0.3 kcal/mol.

Reassessment of the Psychometric Characteristics and Factor Structure of the ‘Perceived Stress Questionnaire’ (PSQ): Analysis in a Sample of Dental Students

PubMed Central

Montero-Marin, Jesús; Piva Demarzo, Marcelo Marcos; Pereira, Joao Paulo; Olea, Marina; García-Campayo, Javier

2014-01-01

Background The training to become a dentist can create psychological distress. The present study evaluates the structure of the ‘Perceived Stress Questionnaire’ (PSQ), its internal consistency model and interrelatedness with burnout, anxiety, depression and resilience among dental students. Methods The study employed a cross-sectional design. A sample of Spanish dental students (n = 314) completed the PSQ, the ‘Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale’ (GADS), ‘Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale’ (10-item CD-RISC) and ‘Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey’ (MBI-SS). The structure was estimated using Parallel Analysis from polychoric correlations. Unweighted Least Squares was the method for factor extraction, using the Item Response Theory to evaluate the discriminative power of items. Internal consistency was assessed by squaring the correlation between the latent true variable and the observed variable. The relationships between the PSQ and the other constructs were analysed using Spearman’s coefficient. Results The results showed a PSQ structure through two sub-factors (‘frustration’ and ‘tenseness’) with regard to one general factor (‘perceived stress’). Items that did not satisfy discriminative capacity were rejected. The model fit were acceptable (GFI = 0.98; RSMR = 0.06; AGFI = 0.98; NFI = 0.98; RFI = 0.98). All the factors showed adequate internal consistency as measured by the congeneric model (≥0.91). High and significant associations were observed between perceived stress and burnout, anxiety, depression and resilience. Conclusions The PSQ showed a hierarchical bi-factor structure among Spanish dental students. Using the questionnaire as a uni-dimensional scale may be useful in perceived stress level discrimination, while the sub-factors could help us to refine perceived stress analysis and improve therapeutic processes. PMID:24466330

The Effect of Gas Density on Gas Transport during High Frequency Oscillation

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-04-04

found that as alveolar ventilation increased the rate of uptake of halothane increased. Papper and Kitz (1963) used conventiot~al positive pressure...coefficient (halothane) = 2.3 ( Papper and Kitz, 1963; Wylie and Churchill-Davidson, 1972; Eger, 1976) [ 11] v2 =Volume (L), (310)(22.4)/ 273...there is an increase in alveolar concentration of halothane with conventional ventilation (Kety, 1951; Papper and Kitz, 1963). Our halothane uptake

A Spoken English Recognition Expert System.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-09-01

Davidson. "Representation of Knowledge," Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, edited by Avron Barr and Edward A. Felgenbaum. DTIC document number AD...Regents of the University of CalTorni, 1981. 9. Gardner, Anne. "Search," Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, edited by Avron Barr and Edward A...Felgenbaum, DTIC document number AD A074078, 1979. 10. Gardner, Anne,et al. "Natural Language Understanding," Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, edited

1401318

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-09-18

KIM WHITSON, DIRECTOR OF PROCUREMENT AT THE MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER IN HUNTSVILLE ALABAMA, SPEAKS TO THE NASA / MARSHALL SMALL BUSINESS ALLIANCE MEETING ON SEPT. 18 AT THE DAVIDSON CENTER FOR SPACE EXPLORATION AT THE U.S. SPACE & ROCKET CENTER. MORE THAN 450 REPRESENTATIVES FROM SMALL BUSINESSES DISCUSSED POTENTIAL SUB-CONTRACTING OPPORTUNITIES WITH REPRESENTATIVES FROM MARSHALL CENTER, JOHNSON SPACE CENTER, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER, KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, STENNIS SPACE CENTER AND THE NASA SHARED SERVICES.

Sublethal Growth Effects and Mortality to Marine Bivalves and Fish from Long-Term Exposure to Tributyltin.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-07-01

sublethal toxicity of tributyltin oxide (TBTO) and its putative environmental product, tribu- tyltin sulfide ( TBTS ) to zoeal mud crabs, RIthropanopeus...EXPOSURE TO TRIBUTYLTIN A. Valkirs . B. Davidson Computer Sciences Corporation P. Seligman Naval Ocean Systems Center -5 . - - Naval Ocean Systems...Organotin .,’vwfuf coatingsu~~ study better defines the longterm toxicity and bloaccumnulation potential of tributyltin released from antifouting

HUNCH Student Culinary Competition at USSRC's Davidson Center

NASA Image and Video Library

2018-02-08

High Schools United with NASA to Create Hardware (HUNCH) students from 6 schools meet at the U.S. Space and Rocket center in order to participate in the annual culinary challenge where students create meals suitable for astronaut use in space. Students in 2018 created different dishes for breakfast dining. Other NASA centers also participate in this program with the top 10 voted recipes being judged at Johnson Space Center.

Comparative analysis of local spin definitions.

PubMed

Herrmann, Carmen; Reiher, Markus; Hess, Bernd A

2005-01-15

This work provides a survey of the definition of electron spin as a local property and its dependence on several parameters in actual calculations. We analyze one-determinant wave functions constructed from Hartree-Fock and, in particular, from Kohn-Sham orbitals within the collinear approach to electron spin. The scalar total spin operators S2 and Sz are partitioned by projection operators, as introduced by Clark and Davidson, in order to obtain local spin operators SASB and SzA, respectively. To complement the work of Davidson and co-workers, we analyze some features of local spins which have not yet been discussed in sufficient depth. The dependence of local spin on the choice of basis set, density functional, and projector is studied. We also discuss the results of Sz partitioning and show that SzA values depend less on these parameters than SASB values. Furthermore, we demonstrate that for small organic test molecules, a partitioning of Sz with preorthogonalized Lowdin projectors yields nearly the same results as one obtains using atoms-in-molecules projectors. In addition, the physical significance of nonzero SASB values for closed-shell molecules is investigated. It is shown that due to this problem, SASB values are useful for calculations of relative spin values, but not for absolute local spins, where SzA values appear to be better suited.

Spanish validation of the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC 10) with non-professional caregivers.

PubMed

Blanco, Vanessa; Guisande, María Adelina; Sánchez, María Teresa; Otero, Patricia; Vázquez, Fernando L

2017-11-08

Despite the importance of resilience in populations under stress, and the fact that the 10-item version Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC 10) is the shortest instrument for reliable and valid evaluation of resilience, there are no data on their psychometric properties in non-professional caregivers. The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties and factorial structure of the spanish version of the CD-RISC 10 in non-professional caregivers. Independently trained assessors evaluated resilience, self-esteem, social support, emotional distress and depression in a sample of 294 caregivers (89.8% women, mean age 55.3 years). The internal consistency of CD-RISC 10 was α = .86. A single factor was found that accounted for 44.7% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis corroborated this unifactorial model. The CD-RISC 10 was significantly correlated with the self-esteem (r = .416, p < .001) and social support (r = .228, p < .001) scales, and the emotional distress scale (r = -.311, p < .001), though this was an inverse relationship. A score ≤ 23 was a suitable cut-off point for discriminating caregivers with depression (sensitivity = 70.0%, specificity = 68.2%). The CD-RISC 10 is a reliable and valid instrument to evaluate resilience in the caregiver population.

Low-lying excited states of model proteins: Performances of the CC2 method versus multireference methods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ben Amor, Nadia; Hoyau, Sophie; Maynau, Daniel; Brenner, Valérie

2018-05-01

A benchmark set of relevant geometries of a model protein, the N-acetylphenylalanylamide, is presented to assess the validity of the approximate second-order coupled cluster (CC2) method in studying low-lying excited states of such bio-relevant systems. The studies comprise investigations of basis-set dependence as well as comparison with two multireference methods, the multistate complete active space 2nd order perturbation theory (MS-CASPT2) and the multireference difference dedicated configuration interaction (DDCI) methods. First of all, the applicability and the accuracy of the quasi-linear multireference difference dedicated configuration interaction method have been demonstrated on bio-relevant systems by comparison with the results obtained by the standard MS-CASPT2. Second, both the nature and excitation energy of the first low-lying excited state obtained at the CC2 level are very close to the Davidson corrected CAS+DDCI ones, the mean absolute deviation on the excitation energy being equal to 0.1 eV with a maximum of less than 0.2 eV. Finally, for the following low-lying excited states, if the nature is always well reproduced at the CC2 level, the differences on excitation energies become more important and can depend on the geometry.

Low-lying excited states of model proteins: Performances of the CC2 method versus multireference methods.

PubMed

Ben Amor, Nadia; Hoyau, Sophie; Maynau, Daniel; Brenner, Valérie

2018-05-14

A benchmark set of relevant geometries of a model protein, the N-acetylphenylalanylamide, is presented to assess the validity of the approximate second-order coupled cluster (CC2) method in studying low-lying excited states of such bio-relevant systems. The studies comprise investigations of basis-set dependence as well as comparison with two multireference methods, the multistate complete active space 2nd order perturbation theory (MS-CASPT2) and the multireference difference dedicated configuration interaction (DDCI) methods. First of all, the applicability and the accuracy of the quasi-linear multireference difference dedicated configuration interaction method have been demonstrated on bio-relevant systems by comparison with the results obtained by the standard MS-CASPT2. Second, both the nature and excitation energy of the first low-lying excited state obtained at the CC2 level are very close to the Davidson corrected CAS+DDCI ones, the mean absolute deviation on the excitation energy being equal to 0.1 eV with a maximum of less than 0.2 eV. Finally, for the following low-lying excited states, if the nature is always well reproduced at the CC2 level, the differences on excitation energies become more important and can depend on the geometry.

Molecular dynamics of solid cortisol studied by NMR

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andrew, E. R.

Polycrystalline cortisol (hydrocortisone; 11β,17α,21-trihydroxy-4-preg- nene-3,20-dione; C21H30O5) has been investigated by continuous and pulse proton NMR methods between 78 and 400 K at Larmor frequencies of 7, 25 and 60 MHz. A reduced value of second moment was found above 90 K and is ascribed to reorientation of two methyl groups. A single asymmetric minimum was found in the temperature dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation times and this also is attributed to reorientation of two methyl groups. The asymmetry suggests an asymmetric distribution of correlation times of the motion. Using the Cole-Davidson distribution, the best computer fit yields the following parameters characterizing the motion: Ea = 11ṡ8 ± 0ṡ1 kJ mol-1, τ0 = 4ṡ6 ± 0ṡ4) x 10-13s, distribution parameter δ = 0ṡ62.

Towards a converged barrier height for the entrance channel transition state of the N( 2D) + CH 4 reaction and its implication for the chemistry in Titan's atmosphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ouk, Chanda-Malis; Zvereva-Loëte, Natalia; Bussery-Honvault, Béatrice

2011-10-01

The N( 2D) + CH 4 reaction appears to be a key reaction for the chemistry of Titan's atmosphere, opening the door to nitrile formation as recently observed by the Cassini-Huygens mission. Faced to the controversy concerning the existence or not of a potential barrier for this reaction, we have carried out accurate ab initio calculations by means of multi-state multi-reference configuration interaction (MS-MR-SDCI) method. These calculations have been partially corrected for the size-consistency errors (SCE) by Davidson, Pople or AQCC corrections. We suggest a barrier height of 3.86 ± 0.84 kJ/mol, including ZPE, for the entrance transition state, in good agreement with the experimental value. Its implication in Titan's atmopsheric chemistry is discussed.

Sociodemographic factors and health conditions associated with the resilience of people with chronic diseases: a cross sectional study 1

PubMed Central

Böell, Julia Estela Willrich; da Silva, Denise Maria Guerreiro Vieira; Hegadoren, Kathleen Mary

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate the association between resilience and sociodemographic variables and the health of people with chronic kidney disease and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method: a cross-sectional observational study performed with 603 people with chronic kidney disease and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus. A tool to collect socio-demographic and health data and the Resilience Scale developed by Connor and Davidson were applied. A descriptive and multivariate analysis was performed. Results: the study participants had on average 61 years old (SD= 13.2), with a stable union (52.24%), religion (96.7%), retired (49.09%), with primary education (65%) and income up to three minimum wages. Participants with kidney disease showed less resilience than people with diabetes. Conclusion: the type of chronic illness, disease duration, body mass index and religious beliefs influenced the resilience of the study participants. PMID:27598377

Polyamine Analogues as Novel Anti-HER Family Agents in Human Breast Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-09-01

Davidson NE, & Casero RA Jr. Spermine oxidase SMO(PAOh1), not N1-acetylpolyamine oxidase PAO, is the primary source of cytotoxic H2O2 in polyamine...Distribution Unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT Elevated levels of all three naturally occurring polyamines, spermine , spermidine and...protein in multiple human breast cancer cell lines. This suppression is both time and dose dependent. A relationship between oligoamine structure , growth

Targeting Histone Abnormality in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-08-01

Oncology Pediatric Hematology/Oncology BMT & CT Conference, Childrens Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA University of Pittsburgh, Winter...Release; Distribution Unlimited The views, opinions and/or findings contained in this report are those of the author( s ) and should not be construed as...ELEMENT NUMBER N/A 6. AUTHOR( S ) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER N/A Nancy E. Davidson, M.D. 5e. TASK NUMBER N/A E-Mail:davidsonne@upmc.edu 5f. WORK

Interactions between IGFBP-3 and Nuclear Receptors in Prostate Cancer Apoptosis

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

manner. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- treatment also inhibited glucose transport to the same degree as IGFBP-3 and, in addition, increased IGFBP-3...mechanisms involved in its actions. In addition, we show here that the insulin-antagonistic effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- are mediated in...adipocytes. J Biol Chem 265:12434–12443 14. Ranganathan S, Davidson MB 1996 Effect of tumor necrosis factor-a on basal and insulin-stimulated glucose

Military Suicide Research Consortium

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-10-01

support face-to- face therapy away from the clinic, the CT or DBT clinician often will implement a physical “hope kit” or “hope box” with the patient (Berk...Assessments within Suicide-Specific Group Therapy Treatment for Veterans: A Pilot Study, Drs. Lori Johnson and David Jobes, Robley Rex VAMC, $429,801...40,160 o Longitudinal Assessment of Physical Activity and Suicide Risk, Dr. Collin Davidson, Denver VAMC, $46,665  The MSRC offers annual Dissertation

Targeting Histone Abnormality in Triple Negative Breast Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-08-01

mechanisms of polyamine analogues in cancer cells. Anti - Cancer Drugs, 16(3): 229-241, 2005. PMID: 15711175 3. Huang Y, Nayak S, Jankowitz R, Davidson NE...immunoprecipitated with anti -LSD1 antibody followed by IB with anti -HDAC5 and LSD1 antibodies in indicated breast cancer cell lines. IgG was used as...AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-14-1-0237 TITLE: Targeting Histone Abnormality in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Yi Huang

Targeting Histone Abnormality in Triple Negative Breast Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-08-01

Casero RA, Davidson NE. Molecular mechanisms of polyamine analogues in cancer cells. Anti - Cancer Drugs, 16(3): 229-241, 2005. PMID: 15711175 18 3...1 AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-14-1-0237 TITLE: Targeting Histone Abnormality in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Yi...TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Targeting Histone Abnormality in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-14-1-0237 5c

Is a Sense of Community Vital to Interagency Coordination? (Interagency Paper, Number 3, January 2011)

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

as clothes , signs, art, architecture, logos , landmarks, and flags that people can recognize. Somewhat Mostly Completely I put a lot of time and...Davidson, 2009). During recent years, the SOC has received significant attention from scholars as a viable psychological and sociological concept...and community. It appeared that O-3s (the youngest of the ranks surveyed) exhibited statistically significant less psychological SOC in total and in

Seismic risk assessment for road in Indonesia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Toyfur, Mona Foralisa; Pribadi, Krishna S.

2016-05-01

Road networks in Indonesia consist of 446,000 km of national, provincial and local roads as well as toll highways. Indonesia is one of countries that exposed to various natural hazards, such as earthquakes, floods, landslides, etc. Within the Indonesian archipelago, several global tectonic plates interact, such as the Indo-Australian, Pacific, Eurasian, resulting in a complex geological setting, characterized by the existence of seismically active faults and subduction zones and a chain of more than one hundred active volcanoes. Roads in Indonesia are vital infrastructure needed for people and goods movement, thus supporting community life and economic activities, including promoting regional economic development. Road damages and losses due to earthquakes have not been studied widely, whereas road disruption caused enormous economic damage. The aim of this research is to develop a method to analyse risk caused by seismic hazard to roads. The seismic risk level of road segment is defined using an earthquake risk index, adopting the method of Earthquake Disaster Risk Index model developed by Davidson (1997). Using this method, road segments' risk level can be defined and compared, and road risk map can be developed as a tool for prioritizing risk mitigation programs for road networks in Indonesia.

Influence of a non-uniform free stream velocity distribution on performance/acoustics of counterrotating propeller configurations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Allen, C. S.; Korkan, K. D.

1991-01-01

A methodology for predicting the performance and acoustics of counterrotating propeller configurations was modified to take into account the effects of a non-uniform free stream velocity distribution entering the disk plane. The method utilizes the analytical techniques of Lock and Theodorson as described by Davidson to determine the influence of the non-uniform free stream velocity distribution in the prediction of the steady aerodynamic loads. The unsteady load contribution is determined according to the procedure of Leseture with rigid helical tip vortices simulating the previous rotations of each propeller. The steady and unsteady loads are combined to obtain the total blade loading required for acoustic prediction employing the Ffowcs Williams-Hawking equation as simplified by Succi with the assumption of compact sources. The numerical method is used to redesign the previous commuter class counterrotating propeller configuration of Denner. The specifications, performance, and acoustics of the new design are compared with the results of Denner thereby determining the influence of the non-uniform free stream velocity distribution on these metrics.

Characterization of the Suspended-Sediment Regime and Bed-Material Gradation of the Mississippi River Basin. Potamology Program (P-I). Report 1, Volume II.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-08-01

assembling stores at Presque Isle (present site of Erie , Pa.) and building fortifications along the Allegheny. The French also formu- lated plans to...Steubenville-Weirton North Carolina Asheville Pennsylvania Erie Johnstown Pittsburgh D36 State(s) SMSA Tennessee Knoxville Nashville-Davidson...result of lumbering, farming, and mining activi- ties. The Beaver River drainage, situated in northeastern Ohio and northwestern Pennsylvania , covers 3130

1H and 13C NMR studies of molecular dynamics in the biocopolymer of glycolide and epsilon-caprolactone.

PubMed

Nozirov, Farhod; Szczesniak, Eugeniusz; Fojud, Zbigniew; Dobrzynski, Piotr; Klinowski, Jacek; Jurga, Stefan

2002-08-01

Copolymers of glycolide and epsilon-caprolactone were studied using differential scanning calorimetry and solid-state NMR. The variation of the T1 relaxation time with temperature reflects local disorder and can be quantified in terms of the distribution of correlation times predicted by the Davidson-Cole model. T, relaxation is dominated by trans-gauche isomerisation, with an activation energy of 34-35 kJ mol(-1).

Liquid Chromatography Applications to Determination of Sorption on Aquifer Materials

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-11-01

and D. R. Nielsen. Modeling tritium and chloride 36 transport through an aggregated oxisol . Water Resources Res. 19 691-700 (1983). P. Nkedi-Kizza, J. W...describing ion exchange during transport through an aggregated oxisol . Water Resources Res. 20 1123-1130 (1984). P. Nkedi-Kizza, P. S. C. Rao, R. E. Jessup...and J. M. Davidson. Ion exchange and diffusive mass transfer during miscible displacement through an aggregated oxisol . Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 46 471

A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of Citalopram for Anxiety Disorders Following Traumatic Brain Injury

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-04-01

WRAMC and all other sites in the multi-center study have been trained to use our electronic data capture system. Recent literature on Escitalopram , the...Disorder (GAD). Based on the merits of three placebo- controlled studies, Forest Laboratories announced the FDA approval of Escitalopram for the treatment...therefore there are no conclusions that can be made at this time. References: Davidson JR, Bose A, Korotzer A, Hongije Z. Escitalopram in the

A Study of Vegetation on Revetments Sacramento River Bank Protection Project. Phase 1. Literature Review and Pilot Study

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-11-01

California, Sacramento, CA. 106 Fletcher, William B., and Davidson, Russell L. 1988. "South Santiam River Bank Protection Study, A Pilot Study for the... Poundstone , President Reclamation District 108 P. 0. Box 887 Colusa, CA 95932 Mr. Glenn Hiatt, President Reclamation District 1500 Star Route Knights Landing...R. Farnsworth. Also present were Engineer Kenneth Larch, Attorney George Besyo. Secretary-Manager David P. Grenicher, Emery Poundstone , Jack Wallace

1100361

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-03-24

TODD MAY, SPECIAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANT TO THE MARSHALL CENTER DIRECTOR, AND NASA ADMINISTRATOR CHARLES BOLDEN TALK WITH HUNTSVILLE CITY MAYOR TOMMY BATTLE, CENTER, DURING THE MARSHALL SMALL BUSINESS ALLIANCE MEETING MARCH 24 AT THE DAVIDSON CENTER FOR SPACE EXPLORATION IN HUNTSVILLE. BATTLE PROVIDED OPENING REMARKS AT THE EVENT, AND BOLDEN WELCOMED GUESTS AND PRESENTED THE MARSHALL CENTER WITH THE NASA SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATOR'S CUP AWARD FOR FISCAL YEAR 2010 -- THE SECOND TIME IN THREE YEARS MARSHALL HAS BROUGHT HOME THIS PARTICULAR AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE.

Big Data Meets Physics Education Research: From MOOCs to University-Led High School Programs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Seaton, Daniel

2017-01-01

The Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) movement has catalyzed discussions of digital learning on campuses around the world and highlighted the increasingly large, complex datasets related to learning. Physics Education Research can and should play a key role in measuring outcomes of this most recent wave of digital education. In this talk, I will discuss big data and learning analytics through multiple modes of teaching and learning enabled by the open-source edX platform: open-online, flipped, and blended. Open-Online learning will be described through analysis of MOOC offerings from Harvard and MIT, where 2.5 million unique users have led to 9 million enrollments across nearly 300 courses. Flipped instruction will be discussed through an Advanced Placement program at Davidson College that empowers high school teachers to use AP aligned, MOOC content directly in their classrooms with only their students. Analysis of this program will be highlighted, including results from a pilot study showing a positive correlation between content usage and externally validated AP exam scores. Lastly, blended learning will be discussed through specific residential use cases at Davidson College and MIT, highlighting unique course models that blend open-online and residential experiences. My hope for this talk is that listeners will better understand the current wave of digital education and the opportunities it provides for data-driven teaching and learning.

The Role of Magma Mixing in Creating Magmatic Diversity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davidson, J. P.; Collins, S.; Morgan, D. J.

2012-12-01

Most magmas derived from the mantle are fundamentally basaltic. An assessment of actual magmatic rock compositions erupted at the earth's surface, however, shows greater diversity. While still strongly dominated by basalts, magmatic rock compositions extend to far more differentiated (higher SiO2, LREE enriched) compositions. Magmatic diversity is generated by differentiation processes, including crystal fractionation/ accumulation, crustal contamination and magma mixing. Among these, magma mixing is arguably inevitable in magma systems that deliver magmas from source-to-surface, since magmas will tend to multiply re-occupy plumbing systems. A given mantle-derived magma type will mix with any residual magmas (and crystals) in the system, and with any partial melts of the wallrock which are generated as it is repeatedly flushed through the system. Evidence for magma mixing can be read from the petrography (identification of crystals derived from different magmas), a technique which is now well-developed and supplemented by isotopic fingerprinting (1,2) As a means of creating diversity, mixing is inevitably not efficient as its tendency is to blend towards a common composition (i.e. converging on homogeneity rather than diversity). It may be surprising then that many systems do not tend to homogenise with time, meaning that the timescales of mixing episodes and eruption must be similar to external magma contributions of distinct composition (recharge?). Indeed recharge and mixing/ contamination may well be related. As a result, the consequences of magma mixing may well bear on eruption triggering. When two magmas mix, volatile exsolution may be triggered by retrograde boiling, with crystallisation of anhydrous phase(s) in either of the magmas (3) or volatiles may be generated by thermal breakdown of a hydrous phase in one of the magmas (4). The generation of gas pressures in this way probably leads to geophysical signals too (small earthquakes). Recent work pulling these ideas together has suggested that mixing generates volatile release accompanied by geophysical signals, and the petrographic fingerprints of crystal exchange. Crystal overgowths then reflect the composition of the hybrid magma. The compositional profile (overgrowth) can then be inverted provided T and diffusivity are known. This gives a potential characteristic timescales between mixing and eruption (calculated for instance as ~17 years at Vesuvius around the time of Pompeii (5) and 7 weeks at Nea Kameni, Santorini (6)(, These characteristic timescales may represent the time between mixing and eruption and may therefore be useful in prediction, especially so if there is a geophysical signal (earthquakes) associated with it. (1) Davidson, J.P., Morgan, D.J., Charlier, B.L.A., Harlou, R. and Hora, J.M., 2007. Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 35, 273-311, (2) Davidson, J.P., Tepley, FJ III, Palacz, Z., and Main, S., 2001, Earth and Planetary Science Lett., 182, 427-44 (3) Pallister, J.S., Hoblitt, R.P, Reyes, A.G., 1992. Nature 356, 426 - 428 (4) Feeley, T.C. and Sharp, Z.D., 1998. Geology, v. 24 no. 11 p. 1021-1024 (5) Morgan, D.J., Blake, S., Rogers, N.W., De Vivo, B., Rolandi, G. and Davidson, J.P., 2006. Geology 34, 845-848 (6) Martin, V.M., Morgan, D.J., Jerram, D.A., Caddick, M.J., Prior, D and Davidson, J.P., 2008. Science, 321, 1178.

Driven similarity renormalization group for excited states: A state-averaged perturbation theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Chenyang; Evangelista, Francesco A.

2018-03-01

The multireference driven similarity renormalization group (MRDSRG) approach [C. Li and F. A. Evangelista, J. Chem. Theory Comput. 11, 2097 (2015)] is generalized to treat quasi-degenerate electronic excited states. The new scheme, termed state-averaged (SA) MRDSRG, is a state-universal approach that considers an ensemble of quasi-degenerate states on an equal footing. Using the SA-MRDSRG framework, we implement second- (SA-DSRG-PT2) and third-order (SA-DSRG-PT3) perturbation theories. These perturbation theories can treat a manifold of near-degenerate states at the cost of a single state-specific computation. At the same time, they have several desirable properties: (1) they are intruder-free and size-extensive, (2) their energy expressions can be evaluated non-iteratively and require at most the three-body density cumulant of the reference states, and (3) the reference states are allowed to relax in the presence of dynamical correlation effects. Numerical benchmarks on the potential energy surfaces of lithium fluoride, ammonia, and the penta-2,4-dieniminium cation reveal that the SA-DSRG-PT2 method yields results with accuracy similar to that of other second-order quasi-degenerate perturbation theories. The SA-DSRG-PT3 results are instead consistent with those from multireference configuration interaction with singles and doubles (MRCISD). Finally, we compute the vertical excitation energies of (E,E)-1,3,5,7-octatetraene. The ordering of the lowest three states is predicted to be 2 1Ag-<1 1Bu+<1 1Bu- by both SA-DSRG-PT2 and SA-DSRG-PT3, in accordance with MRCISD plus Davidson correction.

Antineoplastic Efficacy of Novel Polyamine Analogues in Human Breast Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-06-01

Davidson, N.E., and Casero, R.A.. Spermine oxidase SMO(PAOh1), not N1-acetylpolyamine oxidase (PAO) is the primary source of cytotoxic H2O2 in polyamine... spermine oxidase (PAOh1/SMO) mRNA and activity by a polyamine analogue in human breast cancer cell lines. The fourth Era of Hope meeting for the...SMO/PAOh1 Spermine Oxidase DFMO α-difluoromethylornithine BENSpm N1, N11-bis(ethyl)norspermine CHEMSpm N1-(cycloheptylmethyl)-N11-ethyl- 4,8

Antineoplastic Efficacy of Novel Polyamine Analogues in Human Breast Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-06-01

Davidson, N.E., and Casero, R.A.. Spermine oxidase SMO(PAOh1), not N1-acetylpolyamine oxidase (PAO) is the primary source of cytotoxic H2O2 in...human spermine oxidase SMO(PAOh1). SMO(PAOh1) uses unacetylated spermine as substrate and is inducible by specific polyamine analogs [15,16]. These...technique to find the identical clone termed spermine oxidase (SMO) [16]. The function of SMO(PAOh1) as a spermine oxidase has been confirmed [15,67,68

Upon Their Shoulders: A History of the Mississippi River Commission from Its Inception through the Advent of the Modern Mississippi River and Tributaries Project

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-01-01

up the mantle in the Senate the following year . Overton, of Louisiana, was a relative newcomer...Davidson in Harper ’s Weekly, March 5, 1884. In the years following the War of 1812, high cotton prices and a gen- eral return to prosperity provided...Harrison resigned from the MRC less than a year later, ostensibly to make a run for the U.S . Senate. Following his resignation,

Titanium Matrix/Continuous Fiber Composite Interface Interactions and their Influence on Mechanical Properties.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-02-25

Southwest Research Institute, Gerry Leverand, David Davidson and John Hack . 3. Discussions with Howard Katzman, Gary Steckle and George Kendall...C 10- 4 Ti-6A1-4V (4 K/ETi) -3 b.. ~. 010 10-5i I L ai f /Ec=20 x 10 6 psi w E~i=68 x 106 ps4 !i:’ )i"N2 Ti Ŕ-4 - 1x i - 3 1 0’- 3 10 - 1&~0 10ps

Determination for Davidson Exterior Trim/Textron

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This document may be of assistance in applying the New Source Review (NSR) air permitting regulations including the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) requirements. This document is part of the NSR Policy and Guidance Database. Some documents in the database are a scanned or retyped version of a paper photocopy of the original. Although we have taken considerable effort to quality assure the documents, some may contain typographical errors. Contact the office that issued the document if you need a copy of the original.

Molecular dynamics in stiff ionene below glass transition.

PubMed

Makrocka-Rydzyk, M; Glowinkowski, S; Jurga, S; Meyer, W H

1995-08-01

Temperature dependences of proton and fluorine second moments and spin-lattice relaxation time T1 below glass transition were measured in glassy "I-Do,Pip-Me-BF4" ionene. The existence of motions of methyl groups and segments linking the cationic centers, namely piperidinium rings and trimethylene groups, for the polymeric part of ionene were established. Isotropic rotation of the counter-ion was evidenced and its limited diffusion suggested. To interpret the proton and fluorine relaxation data, a Davidson-Cole distribution of correlation times was assumed.

Terrorist and Organized Crime Groups in the Tri-Border Area (TBA) of South America

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-07-01

in Paraguay, Uruguay, and Ecuador .”41 Mark Davidson, spokesman for the U.S. Embassy in Asunción, affirmed on May 22, 2002, that the TBA is... Ecuador , in April 2001.66 On October 10, 2001, a group of ten terrorists identified as belonging to a Lebanese Hizballah cell was reportedly caught in...with established Arab or Muslim communities, such as Iquique, Chile; Guayaquil, Ecuador ; and Maracaibo, Venezuela. There are also indications that

Development of a Free-Electron Laser Center and Research in Medicine, Biology and Materials Science,

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-05-14

Elastin Production in Tissue Culture", Debra A.Gonzalez MD, David L. Zealear, PhD., J.M. Davidson, PhD., Robert H. Ossoff, MD, DMD , August 1990...Otolaryngoloty-Head and Neck Surgery. K. "CO2 Laser Micromanipulator Parallax Error Resolved, Jay Werkhaven,MD, Jerri Tribble, and Robert H. Ossoff, MD, DMD ...of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract, Robert H. Ossoff, MD, DMD , Al Aly, MD, Nick Houchin, AAS, and Debra Gonzalez, MD, Vanderbilt University, Nashville

Health and Economic Outcomes in the Alumni of the Wounded Warrior Project: 2010-2012

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-01-01

design a web-based survey that would help the organization evaluate how well it is meeting its three primary strategic goals: • Ensure that wounded...the Primary Care PTSD Screen (PC-PTSD). When responses to all three surveys were pooled into one analysis, they show that the percentage of...relied on a metric in the data, the two-item Connor- Davidson Resilience Scale (CD- RISC  2), a measure specifically designed to quantify an indi

Adult Diabetic Patients’ Self-Care Levels, Attitudes, and Perceptions Following an Education Program.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-01

hospital. Diabetes care, 1981, 4,. 487-489. Graber, A. L., Christman, B. G., Alogna, M, T., & Davidson, J. K. Evaluation of diabetes patient - education programs...L. Why patient education ? An elookate thow doatientwt diabeter elts c:j~inlHat Nurs ngOulo, 1979, 27, 71-75 7-11. Leie .(E..Idviulzn.hea.• atrt-ne...Salzer, J. E. Classes to improve diabetic self-care. American Journal of Nursing, 1975, 75, 1324-1326. Svtall, D. A patient education program. American

Multidimensional Luminescence Measurements

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-04-30

Alfano , A.J.; Fong, E.K.; Lytle, F.E., Rev. S-.. Instrum. 1983, 54, 967-972. 7. HieftJe, G.M., Clin. Chem. 1983, 29, 1659-1664. 8. Berndt, K.; Durr...Miller, J.N., Trends Anal. Chem. 1981, 1, 31-34. ൗ. Warner, I.M.; Callis, J.B.; Christian , G.D.; Davidson, E.R., Anal. I TChem. 1977, 49, 564-573. 16...M.; Christian , G.D., Anal. Lett. 1975, 8, 665-681. 24. Johnson, D.W.; Gladden, J.A.; Callis, J.B.; Christian , G.D., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1979, 50, 118

Empirical Assessment of Lanius et al.s’ ’Functional MRI of EMDR in Peacekeepers’, a Review of the EMDR Literature and an annotated bibliography

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-07-01

placebo control conditions. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 68, 947-956. Herbert, J.D., Lilienfeld , S.O., Lorh, J.M., Montgomery, R.W...or to justify the time and psychological commitment of CF personnel suffering from PTSD. The major objective of the proposed study, then, is to assess...Carrigan, & Freuh, 1999; Davidson & Parker, 2001; Herbert, Lilienfeld , Lorh, Montgomery, O’Donohue, Rosen, & Tolin, 2000; Hudson, Chase, & Pope, 1998

Catalytic Degradation of Methylphosphonic Acid Using Iron Powder/Iron Oxides

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-11-01

Dissertation 7) Davidson, R.G. Mikrochimica Acta 1988, 1, 301 8) Guo, X.; Yoshinobu, J.; Yates Jr., J.T. Journal of Physical Chemisrty 1990, 94...6839 9) Hegde, R.I.; Greenlief, C.M.; White, J.M. Journal of Physical Chemisrty 1985, 59, 2886 10) Smentkowski, V.S.; Hagans, P.; Yates Jr., J.T...Journal of Physical Chemisrty 1998, 92, 6351 11) Tzou, T.Z.; Weller, S.W. Journal of Catalysis 1993, 146, 370 12) Leslie, D. R. and Ward, J. R

Density-matrix-based algorithm for solving eigenvalue problems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Polizzi, Eric

2009-03-01

A fast and stable numerical algorithm for solving the symmetric eigenvalue problem is presented. The technique deviates fundamentally from the traditional Krylov subspace iteration based techniques (Arnoldi and Lanczos algorithms) or other Davidson-Jacobi techniques and takes its inspiration from the contour integration and density-matrix representation in quantum mechanics. It will be shown that this algorithm—named FEAST—exhibits high efficiency, robustness, accuracy, and scalability on parallel architectures. Examples from electronic structure calculations of carbon nanotubes are presented, and numerical performances and capabilities are discussed.

International Interdisciplinary Conference (1st) on the Influence of Culture (Japanese/American) on Technological Innovation

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-11-01

associated with compact discs. He had to negotiate with Philips about technical issues for standardization and also with Japanese companies. The laser...competition (c. Davidson 1984; Kotler et a. 1985; Ozawa 1974). For example, such a firm can easily parcel out production among its foreign subsidiaries and...of indawial po4 1925-1975. Stanford University Press, Stanford, Caldoria Jer, Philip , Lrn Fahb", and Sonshid Jaetnaiak 1M6 77e New conendou Prentie

Development of an Aerosol Loading Technique for Ignition Time Measurements in Shock Tubes

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-08-01

authors do not follow the 200 word limit 14. SUBJECT TERMS Aerosol Shock Tube, Ignition Delay Time, n -Dodecane, Aerosol 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION...time measurements of n -dodecane/O2/argon mixtures. These measurements are found to be consistent with those made in our heated shock tube facility. (a...Papers published in peer-reviewed journals ( N /A for none) S. S. Vasu, D. F. Davidson, R. K. Hanson, “Shock Tube Measurements of Jet Fuel Ignition

Acute and Chronic Effects of Tributyltin on the Mysid Acanthomysis sculpta (Crustacea, Mysidacea).

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-05-01

performed using a flowthrough tributyltin ( TBT ) dosing system ranging in concentrations from 0.03- to 0.52-pg/L TBT . The acute test was performed within a...juveniles . . . 19 12. Summary of chronic values in pg/L TBT . . . 26 viii INTRODUCTION Tributyltin ( TBT ) is commonly used as an antifouling toxicant in...AD-AI75 294 ACUTE AND CHRONIC EFFECTS OF TRIBUTYLTIN ON THE NYSID 1/1 ACRNTHOMYSIS SCULPT..(U) NAVAL OCEAN SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA B N DAVIDSON

Resilience Among Naval Recruits: A Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Interventions at Recruit Training Command and Implications on Fleet Readiness

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-03-01

associated with higher levels of resilience (Connor & Davidson, 2003). The CD-RISC offers a validated quantitative scale to researchers , allowing for the...a total of 35 recruits and 12 RDCs were interviewed. Four focus groups and 30 personal interviews were conducted. The interviews included recruits...two to four individuals. The interviews and focus groups were semi-structured. A set of questions were identified prior to the interviews as a

Combat Readiness Check (CRC): Development of a Dual Task Assessment Protocol to Assist with Return-to-Duty Decision-Making After Traumatic Brain Injury

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-10-01

injury CO-PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS: Mary Vining Radomski, PhD, OTR/L and Maggie Weightman, PT, PhD (Sister Kenny Research Center [SKRC]) CO...INVESTIGATORS: Leslie Davidson PhD (Cand), MS, OTR/L (Riverbend); MAJ Sarah Goldman PhD, OTR/L, CHT (United States Army Research Institute of Environmental...of Minnesota) ASSISTED BY: Dr. Kristin Heaton and Amanda Antczak (USARIEM) and Marsha Finkelstein (health services researcher ), Michelle Pose, and

Utilizing Near-IR Tunable Laser Absorption Spectroscopy to Study Detonation and Combustion Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-27

debris, such as soot . Velocity curves for the other equivalence ratios studied in this experiment are shown in Appendix A. Some of these curves show a...James R. Gord. “Measurements of OH mole fraction and temperature up to 20 kHz by using a diode-laser based UV absorption sensor ”. Applied Optics, 44...Davidson, and R.K. Hanson. “CO concentration and temperature sensor for combustion gases using quantum-cascade laser absorption near 4.7µm”. Applied

The study of dielectric relaxation in aqueous carbohydrates solutions using time domain reflectometry technique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hudge, Pravin G.; Lokhande, Milind P.; Kumbharkhane, Ashok C.

2012-09-01

Complex permittivity spectra of aqueous solutions of monosaccharide ( d-glucose) and disaccharides ( d-sucrose) in the frequency range from 10 MHz to 30 GHz at various concentrations and temperatures have been determined using time domain reflectometry technique. The complex dielectric permittivity spectrum of d-glucose and d-sucrose in water shows Cole-Davidson type behaviour. Dielectric constant (ɛ0) and relaxation time (τ), Kirkwood correlation factor, activation enthalpy and entropy parameters have been determined.

Performance Evaluation of Parallel Algorithms and Architectures in Concurrent Multiprocessor Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-09-01

HEP and Other Parallel processors, Report no. ANL-83-97, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Ill. 1983. [19] Davidson, G . S. A Practical Paradigm for...IEEE Comp. Soc., 1986. [241 Peir, Jih-kwon, and D. Gajski , "CAMP: A Programming Aide For Multiprocessors," Proc. 1986 ICPP, IEEE Comp. Soc., pp475...482. [251 Pfister, G . F., and V. A. Norton, "Hot Spot Contention and Combining in Multistage Interconnection Networks,"IEEE Trans. Comp., C-34, Oct

Collective Temperature Anisotropy Instabilities in Intense Charged Particle Beams

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Startsev, Edward

2006-10-01

Periodic focusing accelerators, transport systems and storage rings have a wide range of applications ranging from basic scientific research in high energy and nuclear physics, to applications such as ion-beam-driven high energy density physics and fusion, and spallation neutron sources. Of particular importance at the high beam currents and charge densities of practical interest, are the effects of the intense self fields produced by the beam space charge and current on determining the detailed equilibrium, stability and transport properties. Charged particle beams confined by external focusing fields represent an example of nonneutral plasma. A characteristic feature of such plasmas is the non-uniformity of the equilibrium density profiles and the nonlinearity of the self fields, which makes detailed analytical investigation very difficult. The development and application of advanced numerical tools such as eigenmode codes [1] and Monte-Carlo particle simulation methods [2] are often the only tractable approach to understand the underlying physics of different instabilities familiar in electrically neutral plasmas which may cause a degradation in beam quality. Two such instabilities are the electrostatic Harris instability [2] and the electromagnetic Weibel instability [1], both driven by a large temperature anisotropy which develops naturally in accelerators. The beam acceleration causes a large reduction in the longitudinal temperature and provides the free energy to drive collective temperature anisotropy instabilities. Such instabilities may lead to an increase in the longitudinal velocity spread, which will make focusing the beam difficult, and may impose a limit on the beam luminosity and the minimum spot size achievable in focusing experiments. This paper reviews recent advances in the theory and simulation of collective instabilities in intense charged particle beams caused by temperature anisotropy. We also describe new simulation tools that have been developed to study these instabilities. The results of the investigations that identify the instability growth rates, levels of saturations, and conditions for quiescent beam propagation will also be discussed. [1] E.A. Startsev and R.C. Davidson, Phys.Plasmas 10, 4829 (2003). [2] E.A. Startsev, R.C. Davidson and H. Qin, Phys.Rev. ST Accel. Beams 8,124201 (2005).

RMG An Open Source Electronic Structure Code for Multi-Petaflops Calculations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Briggs, Emil; Lu, Wenchang; Hodak, Miroslav; Bernholc, Jerzy

RMG (Real-space Multigrid) is an open source, density functional theory code for quantum simulations of materials. It solves the Kohn-Sham equations on real-space grids, which allows for natural parallelization via domain decomposition. Either subspace or Davidson diagonalization, coupled with multigrid methods, are used to accelerate convergence. RMG is a cross platform open source package which has been used in the study of a wide range of systems, including semiconductors, biomolecules, and nanoscale electronic devices. It can optionally use GPU accelerators to improve performance on systems where they are available. The recently released versions (>2.0) support multiple GPU's per compute node, have improved performance and scalability, enhanced accuracy and support for additional hardware platforms. New versions of the code are regularly released at http://www.rmgdft.org. The releases include binaries for Linux, Windows and MacIntosh systems, automated builds for clusters using cmake, as well as versions adapted to the major supercomputing installations and platforms. Several recent, large-scale applications of RMG will be discussed.

Temperature Dependences of Dielectric, Elastic and Piezoelectric Properties of KIO 3 Single Crystals Associated with the Successive Phase Transitions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maeda, Masaki; Takagi, Masayoshi; Suzuki, Ikuo

2000-01-01

Pottasium iodate, KIO3, belongs to the perovskite structure and undergoes successive phase transitions at T1= 212°C, T2= 72.5°C, T3=-15°C, T4=-160°C and T5=-240°C, respectively. The temperature dependences of the dielectric, elastic and piezoelectic properties have been measured in the temperature range from -263°C to 330°C.The superionic conductivity was found in the temperature range above T2. Pronounced dielectric dispersions in the frequency range below 10 kHz were observed around -160°C and -240°C and the data were analyzed by fitting to the Davidson-Cole and Havriliak-Negami dispersion formulas, respectively. Both dielectric anomalies are ascribed to the orientaional glass-transitions. The piezoelectric and elastic properties have been investigsated by the resonance-antiresonance method. The piezoelectric and elastic anomalies were observed at T2 and T3.

Psychometric validation of the French version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale.

PubMed

Guihard, G; Deumier, L; Alliot-Licht, B; Bouton-Kelly, L; Michaut, C; Quilliot, F

2018-02-01

Resilience defines the ability to face adversity with positive outcomes. Different scales, including the 25-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CDRISC), have been elaborated in order to evaluate resilience among various populations. The evaluation of resilience in French populations was impossible until CDRISC was translated into French. In the present work, we aim to validate a French version of CDRISC (f-CDRISC). The survey was conducted at Nantes University. Both dental and medical students were eligible. The factor structure of f-CDRISC was determined and its replicability was tested on two sub-samples by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and parallel analysis (PA). A third student sample was used for confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA). We collected 1210 responses. Four items did not reach acceptance thresholds for reliability and were discarded from the f-CDRISC. EFA and PA of the remaining 21 items highlighted a replicable 3-factor structure that was further confirmed by CFA. Resilience factors included "tolerance to negative affects", "tenacity" and "self-confidence". All factors displayed acceptable to good internal consistency. They were characterized by positive medium to strong correlations with the overall f-CDRISC Scale. Significant positive correlations were also observed between the resilience factors. The present work constitutes the first study devoted to a French adaptation of the CDRISC questionnaire. We present evidence showing that the f-CDRISC is a reliable tool for resilience evaluation in French speaking populations. Copyright © 2017 L'Encéphale, Paris. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Dissociative disorders and dissociative symptoms among veterans of the Iraq-Iran war suffering from chronic post-traumatic disorder.

PubMed

Nejad, Alireza G; Farahati, Hamid

2007-10-01

To evaluate any dissociative disorders in patients with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and find any relationship between dissociation and related variables in these patients. A case controlled study carried out among 130 male patients with PTSD, and 130 matched individuals from the normal population. The study was carried out between January and September 2005, at Beheshti Psychiatric Hospital, Kerman, Iran, Demographic data and history of childhood physical abuse and self-harm in both groups were recorded. The severity of PTSD was measured by Davidson PTSD scale in the study group. Dissociative symptoms were evaluated with the dissociative experience scale (DES). For evaluating dissociative disorders, the dissociative disorder interview schedule (DDIS) was used. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. The mean age (+/- SD) of veterans was 41.46 (+/-5.09) years, and the mean age of going to the combat area was 29.4 (+/-5.015). The mean duration of involvement in combat was 27.8 (+/-23.44) months. The mean DES score in the study group was 26.01 (+/-12.31) and was 9.58 (+/-7.23) in the control group (F=1.171, p<0.0001). The mean score (+/-SD) of Davidson PTSD scale was 54+/-96 in the study group. The most prevalent dissociative disorder in the study group was psychogenic amnesia. Many veterans with the impression of chronic PTSD may have an additional diagnosis of dissociative disorders.

Obituary: John P. Davidson (1924-2010)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Twarog, Bruce; Anthony-Twarog, Barbara

2011-12-01

Nuclear physicist and astrophysicist John P. Davidson died at his home on January 10, 2010. He was born on July 22, 1924 in Los Angeles, California. Jack followed his high school interests in rocketry and physical science to the University of California, Berkeley, where he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in physics in June 1948 after serving a stint from 1943 to 1946 in the Army Signal Corps in the European Theater of Operations. Following the war and graduation, Jack embarked on a graduate career in nuclear physics at Washington University, St. Louis. While there, he also initiated what became a life-long partnership with Mary Reiser dedicated to issues of social justice by co-founding an organization to lobby for university admission of African-American students, a policy change opposed by physicist and Chancellor, Arthur Holly Compton. Mary and Jack married in 1949. Jack Davidson's academic career began shortly after completion of his PhD in 1952 under Eugene Feenberg. He taught in Brazil and in Norway before becoming an assistant professor at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1957. He stayed at RPI until 1966, at which time he joined the faculty of the University of Kansas where he served faculty and students until his retirement in 1996. His teaching, research and administrative career at KU was distinguished by a growing commitment to the astronomy and astrophysics program. Not only did he foster its growth during his tenure as department chair (1977-1989), he directed a residential summer science program in astronomy for high school students at KU for nearly 10 years in the 1970's. He combined his background in nuclear physics and his fascination with astrophysics into a research program to study elemental abundance anomalies in stellar spectra, authoring with Don Bord several pioneering applications of wavelength coincidence statistics to the ultraviolet spectra of peculiar A stars. At KU, Jack assumed leadership roles in the local chapter of Phi Beta Kappa and served as director of a DOE sponsored research competition for high school students: the Junior Science and Humanities Symposium. His commitment to public education issues and science literacy led him to seek election to the Kansas Board of Education and then gain election as a member of the Lawrence, Kansas school board from 1999 to 2003, a turbulent period for science education within the state of Kansas. He will be fondly remembered and missed by the numerous students he advised and taught, as well as the several astronomers whose careers he fostered at the University of Kansas.

Relationship Between Resilience, Adjustment, and Psychological Functioning After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Preliminary Report.

PubMed

Lukow, Herman R; Godwin, Emilie E; Marwitz, Jennifer H; Mills, Ana; Hsu, Nancy H; Kreutzer, Jeffrey S

2015-01-01

To examine the relationship between resilience, psychological distress, adjustment, and community participation after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Large university health system. Adult survivors of mild to severe TBI (N = 96). Descriptive, preliminary. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (10-item version) was used to assess resilience, the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18) was used to characterize psychological distress, and the Mayo-Portland Adaptability Index (MPAI-4) was used to measure ability, adjustment, and participation. Resilience scores were substantially lower than those of the general population. Significant relationships were found between resilience, psychological distress, and adjustment. Partial correlations (adjusting for the other MPAI-4 indices) showed significant correlation (P < .05) between MPAI-4 Adjustment and resilience. Partial correlations (adjusting for the other BSI-18 scales) also showed significance for Depression (P < .01) and resilience. Resilience scores differed significantly (P < .001) between individuals meeting BSI-18 caseness criteria for psychological distress (n = 55) and those not meeting criteria (n = 41). Individuals with TBI are at risk for low resilience, which was found to correlate with psychological distress and psychosocial maladjustment. Developing interventions to strengthen resilience skills has the potential to improve postinjury psychosocial adjustment, an important area for future research.

Parasites of the mangrove mussel Mytella guyanensis (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) in Camamu Bay, Bahia, Brazil.

PubMed

Ceuta, L O; Boehs, G

2012-08-01

This contribution reports the parasites found in the mangrove mussel Mytella guyanensis in Camamu Bay, Bahia, Brazil. Samples were collected monthly from September 2006 through October 2007. A total of 460 individuals were collected, fixed in Davidson's solution, and processed by standard histological techniques, and the sections were stained with Harris hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). The water temperature ranged from 23.5 to 31.6 ºC, and the salinity from 25 to 37‰. Microscopic analysis showed Rickettsia-like organisms (RLOs), Nematopsis sp. (Apicomplexa), and Platyhelminthes, including a turbellarian, sporocysts of Bucephalus sp., metacercariae, and metacestodes of Tylocephalum sp. Parasites were observed mainly in the gills, mantle, and digestive gland. The prevalence of Nematopsis sp. was 100%, and in heavily infected mussels the tissues of the labial palps were damaged. RLOs occurred in high prevalence and intensity of infection in some periods. The digenean sporocysts showed moderate prevalence but high intensity of infection, and caused parasitic castration. In general, there was no significant spatial or temporal variation (p > 0.05) of the parasites, which is probably attributable to the small variations of temperature and salinity in the region.

AmeriFlux US-Ho1 Howland Forest (main tower)

DOE Data Explorer

Hollinger, David [USDA Forest Service; Hollinger, David [USDA Forest Service

2016-01-01

This is the AmeriFlux version of the carbon flux data for the site US-Ho1 Howland Forest (main tower). Site Description - Closed conifer forest, minimal disturbance. References: Fernandez et al. (1993), Canadian Journal of Soil Science 73 317-328. Hollinger et al. (1999), Global Change Biology 5: 891-902. Savage KE, Davidson EA (2001), Global Biogeochemical Cycles 15 337-350. Scott et al. (2004), Environmental Management, Vol. 33, Supplement 1, pp. S9-S22. Hollinger et al. (2004), Global Change Biology 10: 1689-1706.

AmeriFlux US-Ho2 Howland Forest (west tower)

DOE Data Explorer

Hollinger, David [USDA Forest Service; Hollinger, David [USDA Forest Service

2016-01-01

This is the AmeriFlux version of the carbon flux data for the site US-Ho2 Howland Forest (west tower). Site Description - Closed conifer forest, minimal disturbance. References: Fernandez et al. (1993), Canadian Journal of Soil Science 73 317-328. Hollinger et al. (1999), Global Change Biology 5: 891-902. Savage KE, Davidson EA (2001), Global Biogeochemical Cycles 15 337-350. Scott et al. (2004), Environmental Management, Vol. 33, Supplement 1, pp. S9-S22. Hollinger et al. (2004), Global Change Biology 10: 1689-1706.

AmeriFlux US-Ho3 Howland Forest (harvest site)

DOE Data Explorer

Hollinger, David [USDA Forest Service; Hollinger, David [USDA Forest Service

2016-01-01

This is the AmeriFlux version of the carbon flux data for the site US-Ho3 Howland Forest (harvest site). Site Description - Closed conifer forest, minimal disturbance. References: Fernandez et al. (1993), Canadian Journal of Soil Science 73 317-328. Hollinger et al. (1999), Global Change Biology 5: 891-902. Savage KE, Davidson EA (2001), Global Biogeochemical Cycles 15 337-350. Scott et al. (2004), Environmental Management, Vol. 33, Supplement 1, pp. S9-S22. Hollinger et al. (2004), Global Change Biology 10: 1689-1706.

Checklist of recent brachiopod species collected during the Terrasses and Exbodi cruises in the New Caledonian region, SW Pacific

PubMed Central

Bitner, Maria Aleksandra

2015-01-01

Abstract Twenty species belonging to 16 genera, i.e. Neoancistrocrania, Novocrania, Basiliola, Basiliolella, Ebiscothyris, Stenosarina, Kanakythyris, Xenobrochus, Terebratulina, Eucalathis, Fallax, Frenulina, Septicollarina, Campages, Annuloplatidia, and Thecidellina have been identified in the material collected during the Terrasses and Exbodi cruises in the New Caledonian region, SW Pacific. The species Basiliolella grayi (Woodward, 1855) and Fallax neocaledonensis Laurin, 1997 are the most common in the studied collection, while Eucalathis murrayi (Davidson, 1878) is reported for the first time from the New Caledonian region. PMID:26798235

Lithium AA-Size Cells for Navy Mine Applications: 2. Evaluation of Commercial Cells

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-02-24

45433-6563 CENTER4301 SUITLAND ROAD A’TTN CODE N7B3 (H HOLTER) 1WASI3NGTON DC 20390 CODE N7B3 (P WRIGIIT) INAVAL ORI)NANCE CENTER ATrN DGUERRINO I...77058 HORSHAM PA 19044 ATTN MS 433 (J GOWDEY) 1 ATTN DR ROBERT B DAVIDSON NASA LANGLEY SCIENCE APPLICATIONS HAMPTON VA 23665 INTERNATIONAL CORP 1710... SCIENCES P 0 BOX 1508 BATTERY TECHNOLOGY CENTER MASON CITY IA 50401 1601 RESEARCH BLVD ROCKVILLE MD 20850 ATTN S ARGADE TECtINOCHEM CO ATTN GARCHDALE 203A

Demonstration of a Low Cost, High-Speed Fiber Optic Transceiver

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-09-01

200 610 (2) 800 600 (3) Diameter of cable(s) (mm) 0.125 3 7 (4) 100×10 (5) Weight (5 m cable, kg) (6) 0.008 0.1 0.51 0.5 Reliability ( MTTF hrs...Based on 1E7 hour MTTF number from Honeywell preliminary data sheet (8) Based on 12 VCSELs, log-normal distribution, σ = 0.225 Technical...A009 on Form DD 1423-1 Optical Link for Radar Digital Processor Andrew Davidson, Terri L. Dooley, Grant R. Emmel, Robert A. Marsland, and

National Program of Inspection of Non-Federal Dams, Tennessee. 8th Avenue Reservoir (Inventory Number TN 03719), Cumberland River Basin, Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee. Phase I Investigation Report,

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-09-01

the rock, the other end attached to a linear potentiometer sensor . All sensors would be connected by underground cable to a central control terminal...soil and rock mass comprising the subfoundation. We have also placed four tiltmeters on the top of the reservoir wall at Its Intersection with the axes...quarter points. These, too, must nut be disturbed. The holes prepared for instrumentation are being regularly "read" with a Digitilt Sensor blaxial

Control of Hydrogen Environment Embrittlement of Ultra-High Strength Steel for Naval Application

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-07-01

load cracking behavior of maraging steels in hydrogen. Corrosion , 29, 1973, 299-304. D.A. Jones, A.F. Jankowski and G.A. Davidson, "Diffusion of...short crack case. This behavior is relevant to small surface cracks in coated UHSS components such as a landing gear. IV.B. Effect of Steel Composition ...PRESSURE (k N /m 2) Figure 26. The effect of H2 pressure on the HEAC growth rate for a ultra-high strength 18Ni Maraging steel stressed in a highly

Dimensions of religious involvement and leukocyte telomere length.

PubMed

Hill, Terrence D; Ellison, Christopher G; Burdette, Amy M; Taylor, John; Friedman, Katherine L

2016-08-01

Although numerous studies suggest that religious involvement is associated with a wide range of favorable health outcomes, it is unclear whether this general pattern extends to cellular aging. In this paper, we tested whether leukocyte telomere length varies according to several dimensions of religious involvement. We used cross-sectional data from the Nashville Stress and Health Study (2011-2014), a large probability sample of 1252 black and white adults aged 22 to 69 living in Davidson County, TN, USA. Leukocyte telomere length was measured using the monochrome multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction method with albumin as the single-copy reference sequence. Dimensions of religious involvement included religiosity, religious support, and religious coping. Our multivariate analyses showed that religiosity (an index of religious attendance, prayer frequency, and religious identity) was positively associated with leukocyte telomere length, even with adjustments for religious support, religious coping, age, gender, race, education, employment status, income, financial strain, stressful life events, marital status, family support, friend support, depressive symptoms, smoking, heavy drinking, and allostatic load. Unlike religiosity, religious support and religious coping were unrelated to leukocyte telomere length across models. Depressive symptoms, smoking, heavy drinking, and allostatic load failed to explain any of the association between religiosity and telomere length. To our knowledge, this is the first population-based study to link religious involvement and cellular aging. Although our data suggest that adults who frequently attend religious services, pray with regularity, and consider themselves to be religious tend to exhibit longer telomeres than those who attend and pray less frequently and do not consider themselves to be religious, additional research is needed to establish the mechanisms underlying this association. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Reassessment of the psychometric characteristics and factor structure of the 'Perceived Stress Questionnaire' (PSQ): analysis in a sample of dental students.

PubMed

Montero-Marin, Jesús; Piva Demarzo, Marcelo Marcos; Pereira, Joao Paulo; Olea, Marina; García-Campayo, Javier

2014-01-01

The training to become a dentist can create psychological distress. The present study evaluates the structure of the 'Perceived Stress Questionnaire' (PSQ), its internal consistency model and interrelatedness with burnout, anxiety, depression and resilience among dental students. The study employed a cross-sectional design. A sample of Spanish dental students (n = 314) completed the PSQ, the 'Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale' (GADS), 'Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale' (10-item CD-RISC) and 'Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey' (MBI-SS). The structure was estimated using Parallel Analysis from polychoric correlations. Unweighted Least Squares was the method for factor extraction, using the Item Response Theory to evaluate the discriminative power of items. Internal consistency was assessed by squaring the correlation between the latent true variable and the observed variable. The relationships between the PSQ and the other constructs were analysed using Spearman's coefficient. The results showed a PSQ structure through two sub-factors ('frustration' and 'tenseness') with regard to one general factor ('perceived stress'). Items that did not satisfy discriminative capacity were rejected. The model fit were acceptable (GFI = 0.98; RSMR = 0.06; AGFI = 0.98; NFI = 0.98; RFI = 0.98). All the factors showed adequate internal consistency as measured by the congeneric model (≥0.91). High and significant associations were observed between perceived stress and burnout, anxiety, depression and resilience. The PSQ showed a hierarchical bi-factor structure among Spanish dental students. Using the questionnaire as a uni-dimensional scale may be useful in perceived stress level discrimination, while the sub-factors could help us to refine perceived stress analysis and improve therapeutic processes.

Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies and their place in the Universe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Foschini, L.; Colpi, M.; Gallo, L.; Grupe, D.; Komossa, S.; Leighly, K.; Mathur, S.

In 1978, Davidson and Kinman wrote about Markarian 359: "This unusual object merits further observations...". In 1985, Osterbrock and Pogge defined a new class of active galactic nuclei (AGN), named Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 (NLS1). Twenty-five years later, NLS1s still continue to intrigue and bewilder. NLS1s manifest extreme behaviour at all wavelengths. They exhibit the most extreme X-ray variability seen in radio-quiet AGN, the most intense optical FeII emission, and high rates of star formation. In general, their characteristics are consistent of AGNs with relatively low mass black holes accreting close to the Eddington rate. The 2009 Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope discovery of high-energy (E>100 MeV) gamma rays in a handful of NLS1s has established the existence of relativistic jets in these systems -- a fact previously hinted at by the flat radio spectrum and high brightness temperature seen in some objects. Since NLS1 are generally hosted by spirals, this poses some intriguing questions on the galaxy evolution and on how relativistic jets are generated. It is therefore time for the broad community to come together and discuss what we have discovered in the last quarter century and lay the foundation for future work. Workshop Topics: * Central engine: BH mass, accretion disk, BLR/NLR, jet * Host galaxy: morphology, star formation, merging history * NLS1 in the Universe: comparison with other types of AGN, surveys/statistics, formation/merging, cosmological evolution

Ego-resiliency reloaded: a three-component model of general resiliency.

PubMed

Farkas, Dávid; Orosz, Gábor

2015-01-01

Ego-resiliency (ER) is a capacity that enables individuals to adapt to constantly changing environmental demands. The goal of our research was to identify components of Ego-resiliency, and to test the reliability and the structural and convergent validity of the refined version of the ER11 Ego-resiliency scale. In Study 1 we used a factor analytical approach to assess structural validity and to identify factors of Ego-resiliency. Comparing alternative factor-structures, a hierarchical model was chosen including three factors: Active Engagement with the World (AEW), Repertoire of Problem Solving Strategies (RPSS), and Integrated Performance under Stress (IPS). In Study 2, the convergent and divergent validity of the ER11 scale and its factors and their relationship with resilience were tested. The results suggested that resiliency is a double-faced construct, with one function to keep the personality system stable and intact, and the other function to adjust the personality system in an adaptive way to the dynamically changing environment. The stability function is represented by the RPSS and IPS components of ER. Their relationship pattern is similar to other constructs of resilience, e.g. the Revised Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (R-CD-RISC). The flexibility function is represented by the unit of RPSS and AEW components. In Study 3 we tested ER11 on a Hungarian online representative sample and integrated the results in a model of general resiliency. This framework allows us to grasp both the stability-focused and the plasticity-focused nature of resiliency.

Ego-Resiliency Reloaded: A Three-Component Model of General Resiliency

PubMed Central

Farkas, Dávid; Orosz, Gábor

2015-01-01

Ego-resiliency (ER) is a capacity that enables individuals to adapt to constantly changing environmental demands. The goal of our research was to identify components of Ego-resiliency, and to test the reliability and the structural and convergent validity of the refined version of the ER11 Ego-resiliency scale. In Study 1 we used a factor analytical approach to assess structural validity and to identify factors of Ego-resiliency. Comparing alternative factor-structures, a hierarchical model was chosen including three factors: Active Engagement with the World (AEW), Repertoire of Problem Solving Strategies (RPSS), and Integrated Performance under Stress (IPS). In Study 2, the convergent and divergent validity of the ER11 scale and its factors and their relationship with resilience were tested. The results suggested that resiliency is a double-faced construct, with one function to keep the personality system stable and intact, and the other function to adjust the personality system in an adaptive way to the dynamically changing environment. The stability function is represented by the RPSS and IPS components of ER. Their relationship pattern is similar to other constructs of resilience, e.g. the Revised Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (R-CD-RISC). The flexibility function is represented by the unit of RPSS and AEW components. In Study 3 we tested ER11 on a Hungarian online representative sample and integrated the results in a model of general resiliency. This framework allows us to grasp both the stability-focused and the plasticity-focused nature of resiliency. PMID:25815881

Self-resilience as a protective factor against development of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in police officers.

PubMed

Lee, Jong-Ku; Choi, Hyeon-Gyeong; Kim, Jae-Yeop; Nam, Juhyun; Kang, Hee-Tae; Koh, Sang-Baek; Oh, Sung-Soo

2016-01-01

This study was conducted to check whether self-resilience, one of the characteristics known to affect the occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms after experiencing traumatic events, could serve as a protective factor for police officers whose occupational factors are corrected. We conducted a cross-sectional study in which 112 male police officers in Gangwon Province participated. They visited the Wonju Severance Christian Hospital Occupational Environment Center for medical check-ups from June to December 2015. Their general characteristics were identified using structured questionnaires, and they were asked to fill in the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF). Further, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-Korean (CD-RI-K), and Impact of Event Scale-Revised-Korean version (IES-R-K) were used to evaluate their job stress, depression, self-resilience, and PTSD symptoms. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to correct their personal, occupational, and psychological factors to analyze the relationship between self-resilience and PTSD symptoms. Among 112 respondents who experienced a traumatic event, those with low self-resilience had significantly higher rate of PTSD symptoms than those with high self-resilience even after correcting for the covariate of general, occupational, and psychological characteristics (odds ratio [OR] 3.51; 95 % CI: 1.06-19.23). Despite several limitations, these results suggest that a high degree of self-resilience may protect police officers from critical incident-related PTSD symptoms.

Current and potential ant impacts in the Pacific region

USGS Publications Warehouse

Loope, Lloyd L.; Krushelnycky, Paul D.

2007-01-01

Worldwide, ants are a powerful ecological force, and they appear to be dominant components of animal communities of many tropical and temperate ecosystems in terms of biomass and numbers of individuals (Bluthgen et al. 2000). For example, ants comprise up to 94% of arthropod individuals in fogging samples taken from diverse lowland tropical rainforest canopies, and 86% of the biomass (Davidson et al. 2003). The majority of these ant species and individuals obtain carbohydrates either from extrafloral nectaries or from sap-feeding Hemiptera that pass carbohydrate-rich “honeydew” to attending ants while concentrating nitrogen (N) from N-poor plant sap (Davidson et al. 2003). Honeydew and nectar represent key resources for arboreal ant species, although most ant species are at least partly carnivorous or scavengers (Bluthgen et al. 2004). In contrast to most of the terrestrial world, the biotas of many Pacific islands evolved without ants. Whereas endemic ant species are found in New Zealand (ca. 10 spp.), Tonga (ca. 10 spp.), and Samoa (ca. 12 spp.), other islands of Polynesia and parts of Micronesia likely lack native ants (Wilson and Taylor 1967, Wetterer 2002, Wetterer and Vargo 2003). About 20 Indo-Australian and western Pacific ant species range to the east and north of Samoa, but it is unclear how many of these were transported there by humans at some time (Wilson and Taylor 1967). Most of the remainder of the ant species currently found on Pacific islands are widespread species that fall in the category of “tramp species,” dispersed by recent human commerce and generally closely tied to human activity and urban areas (Wilson and Taylor 1967, McGlynn 1999). In Pacific island situations, some of these tramp ant species are able to thrive beyond areas of human activity. Relatively few ant species have been successful invaders of native communities on continents, and these include most of the species that pose the greatest problems for Pacific islands. They generally have multiple queens per colony, are unicolonial (lacking internest aggression), quickly recruit to food items, thrive in a variety of habitats including disturbed areas, and can be highly aggressive to other ant species (McGlynn 1999). Hawaii’s arthropod fauna evolved in the absence of ants and has been observed by many biologists to be highly vulnerable to displacement by non-native ants. Pacific island biotas have also very likely suffered greatly from displacement by ants. However, in contrast to Hawaii, virtually nothing has been published on effects of non-native ants on native arthropod fauna elsewhere on Pacific islands, with the exception of the Galapagos archipelago, which may have at least four species of endemic ants (Lubin 1984, Nishida and Evenhuis 2000) and New Caledonia (Jourdan et al. 2001, Le Breton et al. 2005). In addition, many ant species in the Pacific have long been a nuisance for humans, and significant agricultural impacts have occurred from ants tending hemipteran insects of crop plants.

Summary of Airfoil Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stivers, Louis S.; Abbott, Ira H.; von Doenhoff, Albert E.

1945-01-01

Recent airfoil data for both flight and wind-tunnel tests have been collected and correlated insofar as possible. The flight data consist largely of drag measurements made by the wake-survey method. Most of the data on airfoil section characteristics were obtained in the Langley two-dimensional low-turbulence pressure tunnel. Detail data necessary for the application of NACA 6-serles airfoils to wing design are presented in supplementary figures, together with recent data for the NACA 24-, 44-, and 230-series airfoils. The general methods used to derive the basic thickness forms for NACA 6- and 7-series airfoils and their corresponding pressure distributions are presented. Data and methods are given for rapidly obtaining the approximate pressure distributions for NACA four-digit, five-digit, 6-, and 7-series airfoils. The report includes an analysis of the lift, drag, pitching-moment, and critical-speed characteristics of the airfoils, together with a discussion of the effects of surface conditions. Available data on high-lift devices are presented. Problems associated with lateral-control devices, leading-edge air intakes, and interference are briefly discussed. The data indicate that the effects of surface condition on the lift and drag characteristics are at least as large as the effects of the airfoil shape and must be considered in airfoil selection and the prediction of wing characteristics. Airfoils permitting extensive laminar flow, such as the NACA 6-series airfoils, have much lower drag coefficients at high speed and cruising lift coefficients than earlier types-of airfoils if, and only if, the wing surfaces are sufficiently smooth and fair. The NACA 6-series airfoils also have favorable critical-speed characteristics and do not appear to present unusual problems associated with the application of high-lift and lateral-control devices. Much of the data given in the NACA Advance Confidential Report entitled "Preliminary Low-Drag-Airfoil and Flap Data from Tests at Large Reynolds Number and Low Turbulence," by Eastman N. Jacobs, Ira R. Abbott, and Milton Davidson, March 1942 has been corrected and included in the present paper, which supersedes the previously published paper.

Dynamics of glass-forming di-n-butyl phthalate as studied by NMR.

PubMed

Szcześniak, E; Głowinkowski, S; Suchański, W; Jurga, S

1997-04-01

Spin-lattice relaxation times T1 and nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) enhancement factors for the individual ring carbons in di-n-butyl phthalate (DBF) show that the reorientational correlation function corresponding to the global dynamics in supercooled liquid can be described by a Davidson-Cole distribution. Measurements of proton spin-lattice relaxation times T1 and T1p, as well as 1H NMR spectra at temperatures below the glass transition temperature, Tg, reveal that the same distribution holds also for description of local dynamics in glassy DBF. The activation parameters of the motions detected are derived.

Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield (IPB): One Size Fits All

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-12-10

higher levels because it was too detailed for that lev- el commander. 1 27 Battalion S2s must understand the level of derail needed for their product...82174-;-U- el . Te A10034iniiatvcoffesa excellent opprtnrity to involve commanders in the IPB process and clarify the inputs alnd outputs of the system...1.8. 57. Glass and Davidson, 62. 58. US Army, FE 34-1_30, 4-66. 59. US Army, FM 34, 2-3. 60. US Army, F11 34-8_0 El . 61. US Army, FM 71-2, 2--23. 62. US

Women's experiences of participation in a feminist group for women with complex mental health issues.

PubMed

Clements Eaton, Emma Catherine; Cox, Rachel

2015-01-01

A sample of women (n = 5) participated in a qualitative service evaluation concerning an open-ended, therapeutic group for women only. Data analysis followed suggestions by Halcomb and Davidson (2006). Main themes derived from the evaluation included: 'Groups are different from individual work', 'Belonging/ not being alone', 'Performance in the group', 'The group as a safety net', 'Life improvements and hope for the future' and 'The extent of emotional despair felt'. In this paper, several sub-themes within the main themes and relevant theories and implications for theory and service provision are discussed.

Burkholderia mallei Cluster 1 Type VI Secretion Mutants Exhibit Growth and Actin Polymerization Defects in RAW 264.7 Murine Macrophages

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

mallei virAG; Kmr 45 pBHR4-GFP Broad-host-range vector containing gfp from pQBI T7 GFP (Quantum Biotech); Gmr 45 pBHR1-TG pBHR1 containing gfp...Bonanno, J. M. Sauder, S. Pukatzki, S. K. Burley, S. C. Almo, and J. J. Mekalanos. 2009. Type VI secretion apparatus and phage tail-associated protein...14251. 37. Pell, L. G., V. Kanelis, L. W. Donaldson, P. L. Howell, and A. R. Davidson. 2009. The phage lambda major tail protein structure reveals a

Field studies in architectural acoustics using Tablet PCs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boye, Daniel

2005-04-01

Core requirements for the sciences within the liberal arts curriculum challenge students to become directly involved in scientific study. These requirements seek to develop scientifically literate leaders and members of society. Formal laboratory periods are not usually associated with these courses. Thus, conceptual discovery and quantitative experimentation must take place outside of the classroom. Physics 115: Musical Technology at Davidson College is such a course and contains a section dealing with architectural acoustics. Field studies in the past have been an awkward and cumbersome activity, especially for non-science majors. The emerging technology of Tablet PCs overcomes many of the problems of mobile data acquisition and analysis, and allows the students to determine the locations of the rooms to be studied. The impulse method for determining reverberation time is used and compared with calculations based on room size and absorption media. The use of Tablet PCs and the publicly available freeware Audacity in field studies investigating architectural acoustics will be discussed. [Work supported in part by the Associated Colleges of the South through their Technology Fellowship program.

Factors Associated with Resilience of Adult Survivors Five Years after the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake in China

PubMed Central

Ni, Cuiping; Chow, Meyrick Chum Ming; Jiang, Xiaolian; Li, Sijian; Pang, Samantha Mei Che

2015-01-01

Given the paucity of quantitative empirical research on survivors’ resilience and its predictors in the context of long-term recovery after disasters, we examined how resilience predictors differed by gender among adult survivors five years after the Sichuan earthquake. This was a cross-sectional survey study of adult survivors (N = 495; aged 18–60) living in reconstructed communities five years into the recovery process after the Wenchuan earthquake. The instruments we used included assessments of sociodemographic characteristics and earthquake exposure level, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Social Support Rating Scale. Support-seeking behaviors emerged as a significant predictor of male survivors’ resilience, while subjective support and marital status were found to be predictors of female survivors’ resilience. Annual household income and chronic disease were predictors for both male and female groups. The findings of this study can be used in devising methods to boost survivors’ resilience by promoting their satisfaction with social support and their ability to obtain effective support. Additionally, the results suggest how to assist survivors who may have relatively poor resilience. PMID:25811775

A method for modeling bias in a person's estimates of likelihoods of events

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nygren, Thomas E.; Morera, Osvaldo

1988-01-01

It is of practical importance in decision situations involving risk to train individuals to transform uncertainties into subjective probability estimates that are both accurate and unbiased. We have found that in decision situations involving risk, people often introduce subjective bias in their estimation of the likelihoods of events depending on whether the possible outcomes are perceived as being good or bad. Until now, however, the successful measurement of individual differences in the magnitude of such biases has not been attempted. In this paper we illustrate a modification of a procedure originally outlined by Davidson, Suppes, and Siegel (3) to allow for a quantitatively-based methodology for simultaneously estimating an individual's subjective utility and subjective probability functions. The procedure is now an interactive computer-based algorithm, DSS, that allows for the measurement of biases in probability estimation by obtaining independent measures of two subjective probability functions (S+ and S-) for winning (i.e., good outcomes) and for losing (i.e., bad outcomes) respectively for each individual, and for different experimental conditions within individuals. The algorithm and some recent empirical data are described.

Quadratic canonical transformation theory and higher order density matrices.

PubMed

Neuscamman, Eric; Yanai, Takeshi; Chan, Garnet Kin-Lic

2009-03-28

Canonical transformation (CT) theory provides a rigorously size-extensive description of dynamic correlation in multireference systems, with an accuracy superior to and cost scaling lower than complete active space second order perturbation theory. Here we expand our previous theory by investigating (i) a commutator approximation that is applied at quadratic, as opposed to linear, order in the effective Hamiltonian, and (ii) incorporation of the three-body reduced density matrix in the operator and density matrix decompositions. The quadratic commutator approximation improves CT's accuracy when used with a single-determinant reference, repairing the previous formal disadvantage of the single-reference linear CT theory relative to singles and doubles coupled cluster theory. Calculations on the BH and HF binding curves confirm this improvement. In multireference systems, the three-body reduced density matrix increases the overall accuracy of the CT theory. Tests on the H(2)O and N(2) binding curves yield results highly competitive with expensive state-of-the-art multireference methods, such as the multireference Davidson-corrected configuration interaction (MRCI+Q), averaged coupled pair functional, and averaged quadratic coupled cluster theories.

Combining the Complete Active Space Self-Consistent Field Method and the Full Configuration Interaction Quantum Monte Carlo within a Super-CI Framework, with Application to Challenging Metal-Porphyrins.

PubMed

Li Manni, Giovanni; Smart, Simon D; Alavi, Ali

2016-03-08

A novel stochastic Complete Active Space Self-Consistent Field (CASSCF) method has been developed and implemented in the Molcas software package. A two-step procedure is used, in which the CAS configuration interaction secular equations are solved stochastically with the Full Configuration Interaction Quantum Monte Carlo (FCIQMC) approach, while orbital rotations are performed using an approximated form of the Super-CI method. This new method does not suffer from the strong combinatorial limitations of standard MCSCF implementations using direct schemes and can handle active spaces well in excess of those accessible to traditional CASSCF approaches. The density matrix formulation of the Super-CI method makes this step independent of the size of the CI expansion, depending exclusively on one- and two-body density matrices with indices restricted to the relatively small number of active orbitals. No sigma vectors need to be stored in memory for the FCIQMC eigensolver--a substantial gain in comparison to implementations using the Davidson method, which require three or more vectors of the size of the CI expansion. Further, no orbital Hessian is computed, circumventing limitations on basis set expansions. Like the parent FCIQMC method, the present technique is scalable on massively parallel architectures. We present in this report the method and its application to the free-base porphyrin, Mg(II) porphyrin, and Fe(II) porphyrin. In the present study, active spaces up to 32 electrons and 29 orbitals in orbital expansions containing up to 916 contracted functions are treated with modest computational resources. Results are quite promising even without accounting for the correlation outside the active space. The systems here presented clearly demonstrate that large CASSCF calculations are possible via FCIQMC-CASSCF without limitations on basis set size.

Reconstructing the evolution of the submarine Monterey Canyon System from Os, Nd, and Pb isotopes in hydrogenetic Fe-Mn crusts

USGS Publications Warehouse

Conrad, T.A.; Nielsen, S.G.; Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard; Blusztajn, J.; Winslow, D.; Hein, James; Paytan, A.

2017-01-01

The sources of terrestrial material delivered to the California margin over the past 7 Myr were assessed using 187Os/188Os, Nd, and Pb isotopes in hydrogenetic ferromanganese crusts from three seamounts along the central and southern California margin. From 6.8 to 4.5 (± 0.5) Ma, all three isotope systems show more radiogenic values at Davidson Seamount, located near the base of the Monterey Canyon System, than in Fe-Mn crusts from the more remote Taney and Hoss seamounts. At the Taney seamounts, approximately 225 km farther offshore from Davidson Seamount, 187Os/188Os values, but not Pb and Nd isotope ratios, also deviate from the Cenozoic seawater curve towards more radiogenic values from 6.8 to 4.5 (± 0.5) Ma. However, none of the isotope systems in Fe-Mn crusts deviate from seawater at Hoss Seamount located approximately 450 km to the south. The regional gradients in isotope ratios indicate that substantial input of dissolved and particulate terrestrial material into the Monterey Canyon System is responsible for the local deviations in the seawater Nd, Pb, and Os isotope compositions from 6.8 to 4.5 (± 0.5) Ma. The isotope ratios recorded in Fe-Mn crusts are consistent with a southern Sierra Nevada or western Basin and Range provenance of the terrestrial material which was delivered by rivers to the canyon. The exhumation of the modern Monterey Canyon must have begun between 10 and 6.8 ± 0.5 Ma, as indicated by our data, the age of incised strata, and paleo-location of the Monterey Canyon relative to the paleo-coastline.

2011 Photosynthesis Gordon Research Conference & Seminar (June 11-17, 2011, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Prof. Krishna Niyogi

2011-06-17

Photosynthesis is the biological process that converts solar energy into chemical energy. Elucidation of the mechanisms of photosynthetic energy conversion at a molecular level is fundamentally important for understanding the biology of photosynthetic organisms, for optimizing biological solar fuels production, and for developing biologically inspired approaches to solar energy conversion. The 2011 Gordon Conference on Photosynthesis will present cutting-edge research focusing on the biochemical aspects of photosynthesis, including: (1) structure, assembly, and function of photosynthetic complexes; (2) the mechanism of water splitting by PSII; (3) light harvesting and quenching; (4) alternative electron transport pathways; (5) biosynthesis of pigments and cofactors;more » and (6) improvement of photosynthesis for bioenergy and food production. Reflecting the interdisciplinary nature of photosynthesis research, a diverse group of invited speakers will represent a variety of scientific approaches to investigate photosynthesis, such as biochemistry, molecular genetics, structural biology, systems biology, and spectroscopy. Highly interactive poster sessions provide opportunities for graduate students and postdocs to present their work and exchange ideas with leaders in the field. One of the highlights of the Conference is a session featuring short talks by junior investigators selected from the poster presentations. The collegial atmosphere of the Photosynthesis GRC, with programmed discussion sessions as well as informal gatherings in the afternoons and evenings, enables participants to brainstorm, exchange ideas, and forge new collaborations. For the second time, this Conference will be immediately preceded by a Gordon Research Seminar on Photosynthesis (June 11-12, 2011, at the same location), with a focus on 'Photosynthesis, Bioenergy, and the Environment.' The GRS provides an additional opportunity for graduate students and postdocs to present their research, and it provides a mechanism to encourage active participation by junior scientists interested in photosynthesis and its applications.« less

Reconstructing the Evolution of the Submarine Monterey Canyon System From Os, Nd, and Pb Isotopes in Hydrogenetic Fe-Mn Crusts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Conrad, T. A.; Nielsen, S. G.; Peucker-Ehrenbrink, B.; Blusztajn, J.; Winslow, D.; Hein, J. R.; Paytan, A.

2017-11-01

The sources of terrestrial material delivered to the California margin over the past 7 Myr were assessed using 187Os/188Os, Nd, and Pb isotopes in hydrogenetic ferromanganese crusts from three seamounts along the central and southern California margin. From 6.8 to 4.5 (±0.5) Ma, all three isotope systems show more radiogenic values at Davidson Seamount, located near the base of the Monterey Canyon System, than in Fe-Mn crusts from the more remote Taney and Hoss Seamounts. At the Taney Seamounts, approximately 225 km farther offshore from Davidson Seamount, 187Os/188Os values, but not Pb and Nd isotope ratios, also deviate from the Cenozoic seawater curve toward more radiogenic values from 6.8 to 4.5 (±0.5) Ma. However, none of the isotope systems in Fe-Mn crusts deviate from seawater at Hoss Seamount located approximately 450 km to the south. The regional gradients in isotope ratios indicate that substantial input of dissolved and particulate terrestrial material into the Monterey Canyon System is responsible for the local deviations in the seawater Nd, Pb, and Os isotope compositions from 6.8 to 4.5 (±0.5) Ma. The isotope ratios recorded in Fe-Mn crusts are consistent with a southern Sierra Nevada or western Basin and Range provenance of the terrestrial material which was delivered by rivers to the canyon. The exhumation of the modern Monterey Canyon must have begun between 10 and 6.8 ± 0.5 Ma, as indicated by our data, the age of incised strata, and paleo-location of the Monterey Canyon relative to the paleo-coastline.

Measuring emotion in advertising research: prefrontal brain activity.

PubMed

Silberstein, Richard B; Nield, Geoffrey E

2012-01-01

With the current interest in the role of emotion in advertising and advertising research, there has been an increasing interest in the use of various brain activity measures to access nonverbal emotional responses. One such approach relies on measuring the difference between left and right hemisphere prefrontal cortical activity to assess like and dislike. This approach is based on electroencephalography (EEG) and neuroimaging work, suggesting that the approach/withdrawal (frequently but not always associated with like/dislike) dimension of emotion is indicated by the balance of activity between the left and right prefrontal cortex. Much of this work was initiated by Richard Davidson in the early 1990s. An early study by Davidson et al. measured brain electrical activity to assess patterns of activation during the experience of happiness and disgust. The authors reported that disgust was found to be associated with increased right-sided activation in the frontal and anterior temporal regions compared with happiness. In contrast, happiness was found to be accompanied by left-sided activation in the anterior temporal region compared with disgust. Early reports suggested that frontal laterality indexes motivational valence with positive emotions (happy, like) associated with left greater than the right frontal activity and vice versa. Although these findings appear to be consistent with personality traits (e.g., optimism pessimism), state changes in frontal laterality appears to index approach withdraw rather than emotional valence. Interestingly, the behavioral and motivational correlates of prefrontal asymmetric activity are not restricted to humans or even primates but have been observed in numerous species such as birds and fish (see [4]). Henceforth, we use the term motivational valence (MV) rather than the more cumbersome term approach withdraw.

Workshop report on large-scale matrix diagonalization methods in chemistry theory institute

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bischof, C.H.; Shepard, R.L.; Huss-Lederman, S.

The Large-Scale Matrix Diagonalization Methods in Chemistry theory institute brought together 41 computational chemists and numerical analysts. The goal was to understand the needs of the computational chemistry community in problems that utilize matrix diagonalization techniques. This was accomplished by reviewing the current state of the art and looking toward future directions in matrix diagonalization techniques. This institute occurred about 20 years after a related meeting of similar size. During those 20 years the Davidson method continued to dominate the problem of finding a few extremal eigenvalues for many computational chemistry problems. Work on non-diagonally dominant and non-Hermitian problems asmore » well as parallel computing has also brought new methods to bear. The changes and similarities in problems and methods over the past two decades offered an interesting viewpoint for the success in this area. One important area covered by the talks was overviews of the source and nature of the chemistry problems. The numerical analysts were uniformly grateful for the efforts to convey a better understanding of the problems and issues faced in computational chemistry. An important outcome was an understanding of the wide range of eigenproblems encountered in computational chemistry. The workshop covered problems involving self- consistent-field (SCF), configuration interaction (CI), intramolecular vibrational relaxation (IVR), and scattering problems. In atomic structure calculations using the Hartree-Fock method (SCF), the symmetric matrices can range from order hundreds to thousands. These matrices often include large clusters of eigenvalues which can be as much as 25% of the spectrum. However, if Cl methods are also used, the matrix size can be between 10{sup 4} and 10{sup 9} where only one or a few extremal eigenvalues and eigenvectors are needed. Working with very large matrices has lead to the development of« less

A MedlinePlus® Kiosk Promoting Health Literacy

PubMed Central

TEOLIS, MARILYN G.

2010-01-01

As an ongoing community outreach project, a pictorial touch-screen kiosk and Web site was developed for 48 MedlinePlus® tutorials. This learning experience serves Davidson County, Tennessee’s uninsured patients at the University of Tennessee/Baptist Hospital’s Internal Medicine Clinic. The availability of a health information kiosk at the University of Tennessee/Baptist Hospital primary care clinic significantly increases health literacy for patients by providing reliable, physician-recommended information in an appropriate format—information these patients did not previously find readily available. Participants report they have a greater understanding of their health issues, and the project is introducing hundreds of patients to MedlinePlus. PMID:20808715

The World Report on Disability as a blueprint for international, national, and local aphasia services.

PubMed

Worrall, Linda E; Howe, Tami; O'Callaghan, Anna; Hill, Anne J; Rose, Miranda; Wallace, Sarah J; Rose, Tanya; Brown, Kyla; Power, Emma; O'Halloran, Robyn; Rohde, Alexia

2013-02-01

This commentary aims to extend the debate of the lead article authors (Wylie, McAllister, Davidson, and Marshall, 2013) by translating the nine recommendations of the World Report on Disability into a plan of action for the aphasia community. Solutions for the advancement of aphasia science and services are presented at international (macro), national (meso), and local (micro) levels. Implications for speech-language pathologists and aphasia service delivery are discussed. An overarching call to action is the need for speech-language pathologists to support a strong and vibrant aphasia community at all levels, so that the voices of people with aphasia can be heard.

Structural and Mechanistic Analyses of TSC1/2 and Rheb 1/2-Mediated Regulation of the mTORC Pathway

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-07-31

are 81% homologous, and they differ at their N- and C-termini. The Rag proteins were shown to interact with each other in mammalian cells and in yeast ...et al., Genes Dev. 14, 152 (2000). 10. R. Sriburi, S. Jackowski, K. Mori, J. W. Brewer , J. Cell Biol. 167, 35 (2004). 11. N. O. Davidson, G. S...mals (RagA, RagB, RagC, and RagD). RagA and RagB are very similar to each other and are orthologs of budding yeast Gtr1p, whereas RagC and RagD are

The relativistic invariance of 4D-shapes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Calosi, Claudio

2015-05-01

A recent debate in the metaphysics of physics focuses on the invariance and intrinsicality of four-dimensional shapes in the Special Theory of Relativity. Davidson (2014) argues that four-dimensional shapes cannot be intrinsic properties of persisting objects because they have to be relativized to reference frames. Balashov (2014a) criticizes such an argument in that it mistakes four-dimensional shapes with their three-dimensional projections on the axes of those frames. This paper adds to that debate. Rather than criticizing an argument against the relativistic invariance of four-dimensional shapes, as Balashov did, it offers a direct argument in favor of such an invariance.

Resilience, age, and perceived symptoms in persons with long-term physical disabilities.

PubMed

Terrill, Alexandra L; Molton, Ivan R; Ehde, Dawn M; Amtmann, Dagmar; Bombardier, Charles H; Smith, Amanda E; Jensen, Mark P

2016-05-01

Resilience may mitigate impact of secondary symptoms such as pain and fatigue on quality of life in persons aging with disability. This study examined resilience in a large sample of individuals with disabling medical conditions by validating the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, obtaining descriptive information about resilience and evaluating resilience as a mediator among key secondary symptoms and quality of life using structural equation modeling. Results indicated that the measure's psychometric properties were adequate in this sample. Resilience was lowest among participants who were middle-aged or younger, and participants with depression. Resilience mediated associations between secondary symptoms and quality of life. © The Author(s) 2014.

Mediating Effect of Resilience on the Association between Emotional Neglect and Depressive Symptoms

PubMed Central

Lee, Sang Won; Bae, Geum Ye; Rim, Hyo-Deog; Lee, Seung Jae; Chang, Sung Man; Kim, Byung-Soo

2018-01-01

Objective Previous studies have reported that childhood maltreatment experiences could induce biological and psychological vulnerability in depressive disorders. However, it is still unclear that type-specific effects of childhood maltreatment on psychological resilience, depressive symptoms and interactions among childhood maltreatment experiences, resilience, and depressive symptoms. Methods A total of 438 medical students were included in the study. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, the Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory were used for measuring childhood maltreatment experiences, psychological resilience, and depressive symptoms, respectively. We investigated the effects of childhood maltreatment experiences on resilience and depressive symptoms using correlation analysis. In addition, we analyzed the mediating effect of resilience on the association between childhood maltreatment and symptoms of depression. Results Among childhood maltreatment, emotional neglect was a significant predictor of the scores of low resilience and high depressive symptoms in both gender groups (all ps<0.05). Furthermore, resilience was found to be a mediator connecting emotional neglect experiences with depressive symptoms. Conclusion Our results suggest that emotional neglect has detrimental effects on mood and resilience, and clinicians need to focus on the recovery of resilience when they deal with depressive symptoms in victims of childhood maltreatment. PMID:29422927

Laser cooling of MgCl and MgBr in theoretical approach

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wan, Mingjie; Shao, Juxiang; Huang, Duohui

Ab initio calculations for three low-lying electronic states (X{sup 2}Σ{sup +}, A{sup 2}Π, and 2{sup 2}Π) of MgCl and MgBr molecules, including spin-orbit coupling, are performed using multi-reference configuration interaction plus Davidson correction method. The calculations involve all-electronic basis sets and Douglas–Kroll scalar relativistic correction. Spectroscopic parameters well agree with available theoretical and experimental data. Highly diagonally distributed Franck-Condon factors f{sub 00} for A{sup 2}Π{sub 3/2,1/2} (υ′ = 0) → X{sup 2}Σ{sup +}{sub 1/2} (υ″ = 0) are determined for both MgCl and MgBr molecules. Suitable radiative lifetimes τ of A{sup 2}Π{sub 3/2,1/2} (υ′ = 0) states for rapid lasermore » cooling are also obtained. The proposed laser drives A{sup 2}Π{sub 3/2} (υ′ = 0) → X{sup 2}Σ{sup +}{sub 1/2} (υ″ = 0) transition by using three wavelengths (main pump laser λ{sub 00}; two repumping lasers λ{sub 10} and λ{sub 21}). These results indicate the probability of laser cooling MgCl and MgBr molecules.« less

MRCI study on transition dipole moments and transition probabilities of 18 low-lying states of CP+ cation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Dan; Wang, Kedong; Li, Xue

2018-07-01

This study calculates the potential energy curves of 18 Λ-S and 50 Ω states, which arise from the C(3Pg) + P+(3Pg) dissociation channel of the CP+ cation. The calculations are made using the CASSCF method, followed by the icMRCI approach with the Davidson correction. Core-valence correlation and scalar relativistic corrections, as well as extrapolation to the complete basis set limit are included. The transition dipole moments are computed for 25 pairs of Λ-S states. The spin-orbit coupling effect on the spectroscopic and vibrational properties is evaluated. The Franck-Condon factors and Einstein coefficients of emissions are calculated. Radiative lifetimes are obtained for several vibrational levels of some states. The transitions are evaluated and spectroscopic measurement schemes for observing these Λ-S states are proposed. The potential energy curves, spectroscopic constants, vibrational levels, transition dipole moments, and transition probabilities reported in this paper can be considered to be very accurate and reliable. Because no experimental observations are currently available, the results obtained here can be used as guidelines for the detection of these states in appropriate spectroscopy experiments, in particular for observations in stellar atmospheres and in interstellar space.

A new time dependent density functional algorithm for large systems and plasmons in metal clusters

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Baseggio, Oscar; Fronzoni, Giovanna; Stener, Mauro, E-mail: stener@univ.trieste.it

2015-07-14

A new algorithm to solve the Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT) equations in the space of the density fitting auxiliary basis set has been developed and implemented. The method extracts the spectrum from the imaginary part of the polarizability at any given photon energy, avoiding the bottleneck of Davidson diagonalization. The original idea which made the present scheme very efficient consists in the simplification of the double sum over occupied-virtual pairs in the definition of the dielectric susceptibility, allowing an easy calculation of such matrix as a linear combination of constant matrices with photon energy dependent coefficients. The methodmore » has been applied to very different systems in nature and size (from H{sub 2} to [Au{sub 147}]{sup −}). In all cases, the maximum deviations found for the excitation energies with respect to the Amsterdam density functional code are below 0.2 eV. The new algorithm has the merit not only to calculate the spectrum at whichever photon energy but also to allow a deep analysis of the results, in terms of transition contribution maps, Jacob plasmon scaling factor, and induced density analysis, which have been all implemented.« less

Medical student resilience and stressful clinical events during clinical training.

PubMed

Houpy, Jennifer C; Lee, Wei Wei; Woodruff, James N; Pincavage, Amber T

2017-01-01

Medical students face numerous stressors during their clinical years, including difficult clinical events. Fostering resilience is a promising way to mitigate negative effects of stressors, prevent burnout, and help students thrive after difficult experiences. However, little is known about medical student resilience. To characterize medical student resilience and responses to difficult clinical events during clinical training. Sixty-two third-year (MS3) and 55 fourth-year (MS4) University of Chicago medical students completed surveys in 2016 assessing resilience (Connor Davidson Resilience Scale, CD-RISC 10), symptoms of burnout, need for resilience training, and responses to difficult clinical events. Medical student mean resilience was lower than in a general population sample. Resilience was higher in males, MS4s, those without burnout symptoms, and students who felt able to cope with difficult clinical events. When students experienced difficult events in the clinical setting, the majority identified poor team dynamics among the most stressful, and agreed their wellbeing was affected by difficult clinical events. A majority also would prefer to discuss these events with their team later that day. Students discussed events with peers more than with attendings or residents. Students comfortable discussing stress and burnout with peers had higher resilience. Most students believed resilience training would be helpful and most beneficial during MS3 year. Clinical medical student resilience was lower than in the general population but higher in MS4s and students reporting no burnout. Students had some insight into their resilience and most thought resilience training would be helpful. Students discussed difficult clinical events most often with peers. More curricula promoting medical student resilience are needed.

Trauma, depression, and resilience of earthquake/tsunami/nuclear disaster survivors of Hirono, Fukushima, Japan.

PubMed

Kukihara, Hiroko; Yamawaki, Niwako; Uchiyama, Kumi; Arai, Shoichi; Horikawa, Etsuo

2014-07-01

A mega-earthquake and tsunami struck the northeastern coast of Japan, and many survivors were forced to evacuate to temporary housing due to rising radiation levels. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and poor general health among survivors, to test the predictive roles of resilience on mental and physical health, and to examine the predictive sociodemographic factors on resilience. Two hundred and forty-one evacuees (men/women: 116/125) from Hirono, Fukushima participated in the study. They were asked to complete the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, the Impact of Events Scale-Revised, and a demographic questionnaire. Among all participants, 53.5% exhibited the clinically concerning symptoms of PTSD, and among them 33.2% indicated clinical PTSD symptoms. Additionally, 66.8% reported symptoms of depression, and among them 33.2% showed mildly depressive symptoms, while 19.1% and 14.5% demonstrated moderate and severe depressive symptoms, respectively. Resilience was a significant buffer for depression, PTSD, and general health. Additionally, employment status, eating/exercise habits, and drinking habits predicted resilience. The results indicated that depression and PTSD are prevalent among the survivors of massive earthquakes, tsunamis, and accidents from nuclear power plants. However, the results also showed that some survivors managed to endure the traumatic events relatively well, and resilience was a significant protective factor in dealing with such events. Therefore, it is crucial to assist survivors in improving their resilience by providing job opportunities and encouraging a healthy lifestyle. © 2014 The Authors. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences © 2014 Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology.

Sound Propagation in Gas-Vapor-Droplet Suspensions with Evaporation and Nonlinear Particle Relaxation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kandula, Max

2012-01-01

The Sound attenuation and dispersion in saturated gas-vapor-droplet mixture in the presence of evaporation has been investigated theoretically. The theory is based on an extension of the work of Davidson to accommodate the effects of nonlinear particle relaxation processes of mass, momentum and energy transfer on sound attenuation and dispersion. The results indicate the existence of a spectral broadening effect in the attenuation coefficient (scaled with respect to the peak value) with a decrease in droplet mass concentration. It is further shown that for large values of the droplet concentration the scaled attenuation coefficient is characterized by a universal spectrum independent of droplet mass concentration.

[Factors that influence comorbidity from panic disorder and PTSD after earthquakes].

PubMed

Leiva-Bianchi, Marcelo; Candia, Claudia; Montecino, Karla

2014-01-01

After the earthquake and tsunami in Chile (F-27), we studied the effect of socio-demographic factors, exposure to the event, and state aid received on comorbidity from panic disorder (PD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Surveys that include the administration of the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) to 246 inhabitants. 19.1 % comorbidity was found (r=.583, R(2)=.340, p<.01). Females homeowners have a higher risk of PD and PTSD. State aid is associated with more cases of PD. We designed risk/resistance profiles against earthquakes/tsunamis and an instrument to detect cases at risk of PTSD. We suggest guidelines so that the government can improve its role after disasters.

[Factors that influence comorbidity from panic disorder and PTSD after earthquakes].

PubMed

Leiva-Bianchi, Marcelo; Candia, Claudia; Montecino, Karla

2014-01-01

After the earthquake and tsunami in Chile (F-27), we studied the effect of socio-demographic factors, exposure to the event, and state aid received on comorbidity from panic disorder (PD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Surveys that include the administration of the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) to 246 inhabitants. 19.1 % comorbidity was found (r=.583, R2=.340, p<.01). Females homeowners have a higher risk of PD and PTSD. State aid is associated with more cases of PD. We designed risk/resistance profilesagainst earthquakes/tsunamis and an instrument to detect cases at risk of PTSD. We suggest guidelines so that the government can improve its role after disasters.

Prequantum classical statistical field theory: background field as a source of everything?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khrennikov, Andrei

2011-07-01

Prequantum classical statistical field theory (PCSFT) is a new attempt to consider quantum mechanics (QM) as an emergent phenomenon, cf. with De Broglie's "double solution" approach, Bohmian mechanics, stochastic electrodynamics (SED), Nelson's stochastic QM and its generalization by Davidson, 't Hooft's models and their development by Elze. PCSFT is a comeback to a purely wave viewpoint on QM, cf. with early Schrodinger. There is no quantum particles at all, only waves. In particular, photons are simply wave-pulses of the classical electromagnetic field, cf. SED. Moreover, even massive particles are special "prequantum fields": the electron field, the neutron field, and so on. PCSFT claims that (sooner or later) people will be able to measure components of these fields: components of the "photonic field" (the classical electromagnetic field of low intensity), electronic field, neutronic field, and so on. At the moment we are able to produce quantum correlations as correlations of classical Gaussian random fields. In this paper we are interested in mathematical and physical reasons of usage of Gaussian fields. We consider prequantum signals (corresponding to quantum systems) as composed of a huge number of wave-pulses (on very fine prequantum time scale). We speculate that the prequantum background field (the field of "vacuum fluctuations") might play the role of a source of such pulses, i.e., the source of everything.

JADAMILU: a software code for computing selected eigenvalues of large sparse symmetric matrices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bollhöfer, Matthias; Notay, Yvan

2007-12-01

A new software code for computing selected eigenvalues and associated eigenvectors of a real symmetric matrix is described. The eigenvalues are either the smallest or those closest to some specified target, which may be in the interior of the spectrum. The underlying algorithm combines the Jacobi-Davidson method with efficient multilevel incomplete LU (ILU) preconditioning. Key features are modest memory requirements and robust convergence to accurate solutions. Parameters needed for incomplete LU preconditioning are automatically computed and may be updated at run time depending on the convergence pattern. The software is easy to use by non-experts and its top level routines are written in FORTRAN 77. Its potentialities are demonstrated on a few applications taken from computational physics. Program summaryProgram title: JADAMILU Catalogue identifier: ADZT_v1_0 Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADZT_v1_0.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: Standard CPC licence, http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/licence/licence.html No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 101 359 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 7 493 144 Distribution format: tar.gz Programming language: Fortran 77 Computer: Intel or AMD with g77 and pgf; Intel EM64T or Itanium with ifort; AMD Opteron with g77, pgf and ifort; Power (IBM) with xlf90. Operating system: Linux, AIX RAM: problem dependent Word size: real:8; integer: 4 or 8, according to user's choice Classification: 4.8 Nature of problem: Any physical problem requiring the computation of a few eigenvalues of a symmetric matrix. Solution method: Jacobi-Davidson combined with multilevel ILU preconditioning. Additional comments: We supply binaries rather than source code because JADAMILU uses the following external packages: MC64. This software is copyrighted software and not freely available. COPYRIGHT (c) 1999 Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils. AMD. Copyright (c) 2004-2006 by Timothy A. Davis, Patrick R. Amestoy, and Iain S. Duff. Source code is distributed by the authors under the GNU LGPL licence. BLAS. The reference BLAS is a freely-available software package. It is available from netlib via anonymous ftp and the World Wide Web. LAPACK. The complete LAPACK package or individual routines from LAPACK are freely available on netlib and can be obtained via the World Wide Web or anonymous ftp. For maximal benefit to the community, we added the sources we are proprietary of to the tar.gz file submitted for inclusion in the CPC library. However, as explained in the README file, users willing to compile the code instead of using binaries should first obtain the sources for the external packages mentioned above (email and/or web addresses are provided). Running time: Problem dependent; the test examples provided with the code only take a few seconds to run; timing results for large scale problems are given in Section 5.

Resilience and Function in Adults With Physical Disabilities: An Observational Study.

PubMed

Battalio, Samuel L; Silverman, Arielle M; Ehde, Dawn M; Amtmann, Dagmar; Edwards, Karlyn A; Jensen, Mark P

2017-06-01

To determine if resilience is uniquely associated with functional outcomes (satisfaction with social roles, physical functioning, and quality of life) in individuals with physical disabilities, after controlling for measures of psychological health (depression and anxiety) and symptom severity (pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance); and to examine the potential moderating effect of sex, age, and diagnosis on the hypothesized associations between resilience and function. Cross-sectional survey study. Surveys were mailed (81% response rate) to a community sample of 1949 individuals with multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, postpoliomyelitis syndrome, or spinal cord injury. Participants were recruited through the Internet or print advertisement (28%), a registry of previous research participants who indicated interest in future studies (21%), a departmental registry of individuals interested in research (19%), disability-specific registries (18%), word of mouth (10%), or other sources (3%). Convenience sample of community-dwelling adults aging with physical disabilities (N=1574), with a mean Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (10 items) score of 29. Not applicable. Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System measures of Satisfaction with Social Roles and Activities and Physical Functioning, the World Health Organization's brief Older People's Quality of Life Questionnaire, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (10 items). After controlling for age, age squared, sex, diagnosis, psychological health, and symptom severity, resilience was significantly and positively associated with satisfaction with social roles (β=.17, P<.001) and quality of life (β=.39, P<.001), but not physical function (β=.04, P>.05). For every 1-point increase in scores of resilience, there was an increase of .50 in the quality of life score and .20 in the satisfaction with social roles score. Sex also moderated the association between resilience and satisfaction with social roles (F 1,1453 =4.09, P=.043). The findings extend past research, providing further evidence indicating that resilience plays a unique role in nonphysical functional outcomes among individuals with physical disabilities. Copyright © 2016 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. All rights reserved.

Robust and Efficient Spin Purification for Determinantal Configuration Interaction.

PubMed

Fales, B Scott; Hohenstein, Edward G; Levine, Benjamin G

2017-09-12

The limited precision of floating point arithmetic can lead to the qualitative and even catastrophic failure of quantum chemical algorithms, especially when high accuracy solutions are sought. For example, numerical errors accumulated while solving for determinantal configuration interaction wave functions via Davidson diagonalization may lead to spin contamination in the trial subspace. This spin contamination may cause the procedure to converge to roots with undesired ⟨Ŝ 2 ⟩, wasting computer time in the best case and leading to incorrect conclusions in the worst. In hopes of finding a suitable remedy, we investigate five purification schemes for ensuring that the eigenvectors have the desired ⟨Ŝ 2 ⟩. These schemes are based on projection, penalty, and iterative approaches. All of these schemes rely on a direct, graphics processing unit-accelerated algorithm for calculating the S 2 c matrix-vector product. We assess the computational cost and convergence behavior of these methods by application to several benchmark systems and find that the first-order spin penalty method is the optimal choice, though first-order and Löwdin projection approaches also provide fast convergence to the desired spin state. Finally, to demonstrate the utility of these approaches, we computed the lowest several excited states of an open-shell silver cluster (Ag 19 ) using the state-averaged complete active space self-consistent field method, where spin purification was required to ensure spin stability of the CI vector coefficients. Several low-lying states with significant multiply excited character are predicted, suggesting the value of a multireference approach for modeling plasmonic nanomaterials.

Sound Propagation in Saturated Gas-Vapor-Droplet Suspensions Considering the Effect of Transpiration on Droplet Evaporation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kandula, Max

2012-01-01

The Sound attenuation and dispersion in saturated gas-vapor-droplet mixtures with evaporation has been investigated theoretically. The theory is based on an extension of the work of Davidson (1975) to accommodate the effects of transpiration on the linear particle relaxation processes of mass, momentum and energy transfer. It is shown that the inclusion of transpiration in the presence of mass transfer improves the agreement between the theory and the experimental data of Cole and Dobbins (1971) for sound attenuation in air-water fogs at low droplet mass concentrations. The results suggest that transpiration has an appreciable effect on both sound absorption and dispersion for both low and high droplet mass concentrations.

Bufo canorus Camp 1916, Yosemite Toad.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Davidson, Carlos; Fellers, Gary M.; Lannoo, Michael

2005-01-01

Yosemite toads (Bufo canorus) are endemic to the Sierra Nevada, California, from Ebbetts Pass, Alpine County to the Spanish Mountain area, Fresno County (Karlstrom 1962, 1973; Stebbins 1966; unpublished Sierra National Forest survey data, 1995, 2002). Sites occur from 1,950–3,444 m elevation, with the majority of sites between 2,590–3,048 m (Karlstrom, 1962). Jennings and Hayes (1994a) estimate that populations have disappeared from 50% of historically reported sites, although the overall range of the species may have only contracted in the far north and in western Fresno County. Disappearances have been concentrated at lower elevation sites on the western edge of the range, with greater persistence at higher elevation sites (Davidson et al., 2002).

Three skills every 21st-century manager needs.

PubMed

2012-01-01

Over the past decade companies have become more global and employee groups more diverse than ever before. Organizations are less hierarchical and more collaborative. And today's offices are full of once unimaginable technological distractions. We asked experts in cross-cultural communication, information networks, and the science of attention what skills executives should cultivate to tackle these new challenges. Molinsky thinks that managers must overcome psychological barriers in order to act in ways that other cultures find appropriate. Davenport and Iyer explain why the devolution of hierarchy has increased the value of building and wielding influence through digital networks and offer tips for how to do it. And Davidson tells managers to get over their fears about distraction and embrace the brain's natural tendency to divide attention.

A Prekindergarten Curriculum Supplement for Enhancing Mainstream American English Knowledge in Nonmainstream American English Speakers

PubMed Central

Rosin, Peggy

2016-01-01

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a curriculum supplement designed to enhance awareness of Mainstream American English (MAE) in African American English- (AAE-) speaking prekindergarten children. Method Children in 2 Head Start classrooms participated in the study. The experimental classroom received the Talking and Learning for Kindergarten program (Edwards, Rosin, Gross, & Chen, 2013), which used contrastive analysis to highlight morphological, phonological, and pragmatic differences between MAE and AAE. The control classroom received the Kindness Curriculum (Flook, Goldberg, Pinger, & Davidson, 2014), which was designed to promote mindfulness and emotional self-regulation. The amount of instruction was the same across the 2 programs. Both classrooms participated in pre- and posttest assessments. Results Children in the experimental classroom, but not the control classroom, showed significant improvement in 3 norm-referenced measures of phonological awareness and in an experimental measure that evaluated comprehension of words that are ambiguous in AAE, but unambiguous in MAE, because of morphological and phonological differences between the 2 dialects. Conclusion Although more research needs to be done on the efficacy of the Talking and Learning for Kindergarten program, these results suggest that it is possible to enhance AAE-speaking children's awareness of MAE prior to kindergarten entry. PMID:27096218

Electronic structure of the BaO molecule with dipole moments and ro-vibrational calculations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khatib, Mohamed; Korek, Mahmoud

2018-03-01

The twenty-three low-lying electronic states (singlet and triplet) of the BaO molecule have been studied by using an ab initio method. These electronic states have been investigated by using the Complete Active Apace Self-Consistent Field (CASSCF) followed by multi-reference configuration interaction (MRCI + Q) with Davidson correction. The potential energy curves, the internuclear distance Re, the harmonic frequency ωe, the rotational constant Be, the electronic energy with respect to the ground state Te and the static and transition dipole moment have been investigated. The Einstein spontaneous and induced emission coefficients A21 and B21ω as well as the spontaneous radiative lifetime τspon, emission wavelength λ21 and oscillator strength f21 have been calculated by using the transition dipole moment between some doublet electronic states. The calculation of the eigenvalues Ev, the rotational constant Bv, the centrifugal distortion constant Dv, and the abscissas of the turning points Rmin and Rmax have been done by using the canonical functions approach. A very good agreement is shown by comparing the values of our work to those found in the literature for many electronic states. Eighteen new electronic states have been studied here for the first time.

Comparison of risk and protective factors associated with smartphone addiction and Internet addiction

PubMed Central

Choi, Sam-Wook; Kim, Dai-Jin; Choi, Jung-Seok; Ahn, Heejune; Choi, Eun-Jeung; Song, Won-Young; Kim, Seohee; Youn, Hyunchul

2015-01-01

Background and Aims Smartphone addiction is a recent concern that has resulted from the dramatic increase in worldwide smartphone use. This study assessed the risk and protective factors associated with smartphone addiction in college students and compared these factors to those linked to Internet addiction. Methods College students (N = 448) in South Korea completed the Smartphone Addiction Scale, the Young’s Internet Addiction Test, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, the Beck Depression Inventory I, the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (Trait Version), the Character Strengths Test, and the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analyses. Results The risk factors for smartphone addiction were female gender, Internet use, alcohol use, and anxiety, while the protective factors were depression and temperance. In contrast, the risk factors for Internet addiction were male gender, smartphone use, anxiety, and wisdom/knowledge, while the protective factor was courage. Discussion These differences may result from unique features of smartphones, such as high availability and primary use as a tool for interpersonal relationships. Conclusions Our findings will aid clinicians in distinguishing between predictive factors for smartphone and Internet addiction and can consequently be utilized in the prevention and treatment of smartphone addiction. PMID:26690626

The Benefits of Indirect Exposure to Trauma: The Relationships among Vicarious Posttraumatic Growth, Social Support, and Resilience in Ambulance Personnel in China

PubMed Central

Kang, Xiaofei; Fang, Yueyan; Li, Sihan; Liu, Yadong; Zhao, Di; Feng, Xiujuan; Wang, Yaqi; Li, Ping

2018-01-01

Objective Ambulance personnel who witness trauma experienced by patients have been reported to experience positive changes, known as vicarious posttraumatic growth (VPTG). We examined VPTG and its relationship with social support and resilience among ambulance personnel. Methods The sample (n=227) was recruited from six emergency centers in China. The measures included the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10). Structure Equation Modeling (SEM) and the bootstrapping procedure were used to examine indirect effects. Results The participants’ mean score for VPTG was 68.96 (SD=15.51). Social support had significant direct effects on resilience (β=0.51, p<0.001) and VPTG (β=0.25, p=0.001), and resilience (β=0.58, p<0.001) had a significant direct effect on VPTG. Furthermore, social support had a significant indirect effect (0.51×0.58=0.30, p<0.001) on VPTG through resilience. Conclusion Although the nature of the work of ambulance personnel is not expected to change, the negative effects of the trauma they encounter can be reduced by providing them with more support resources and interventions to foster their resilience, which in turn, promote VPTG. PMID:29695152

Retracing the footsteps of Wilhelm Wundt: explorations in the disciplinary frontiers of psychology and in Völkerpsychologie.

PubMed

Wong, Wan-chi

2009-11-01

In 1927, Wilhelm Wundt's daughter, Eleonore Wundt, compiled and published a comprehensive catalogue of her father's works and works in translation. We use this catalogue as a starting point for an examination of the breadth of Wundt's contributions, the reaction to his works from the international psychological community, and the overall trajectory of his academic career. Two areas of particular interest are Wundt's view on the nature of psychology and its relationship to other disciplines, and his discussion of the nature of Völkerpsychologie and its role in psychology. A close examination of original sources reveals that Wundt anchored psychology in the realm of mental sciences. He regarded "psychology [to be] in relation to natural sciences the supplementary, in relation to the mental sciences the fundamental, and in relation to philosophy the propaedeutic empirical science." The accomplishments and limitations of Wundtian Völkerpsychologie are viewed stereoscopically through the lenses of its explicated conceptions, goals, and methods, on one hand, and of the contemporary advancements in psychology, on the other. Current implications of Wundt's works and further developments of his ideas are related to Davidson's theory of epistemology and to present-day deliberations on the biocultural coconstruction of human development. We conclude by considering the continuing relevance of Wundt's intellectual legacy.

Association between demographics and resilience - a cross-sectional study among nurses in Singapore.

PubMed

Ang, S Y; Uthaman, T; Ayre, T C; Mordiffi, S Z; Ang, E; Lopez, V

2018-03-08

To give an overview of the level of resilience among nurses in Singapore and to examine associations between various demographics variables and resilience level. The World Health Organization reported a global needs-based shortage of over 9 million nurses and midwives in 2013. Building resilience among nurses has been postulated as one of the ways to support and retain nurses in the profession. A self-reported questionnaire consisting of questions on demographics and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale CD-RISC 10 was used. Univariate analysis identified marital status, age group, years of experience in nursing, highest education qualification and job grade to have significant associations with resilience. During multivariate analysis, only marital status, age group, highest educational qualification and job grade remained significant. A strong association was found between highest educational qualification and resilience level; nurses with bachelor's or postgraduate degree were about three times more likely than nurses with only a general nursing certificate to be of moderate/high resilience. The experience of life events (as exemplified by marital status, age and working experience) was associated with higher resilience levels. There is a need for healthcare organizations and nurse leaders to develop programmes focusing on building resilience among younger and less experienced nurses. Nurses should also be supported in their pursuits for higher education, which will in turn lead to higher resilience, and consequently, retention of nurses within the profession and institution. © 2018 International Council of Nurses.

Psychopathological consequences after a terrorist attack: an epidemiological study among victims, the general population, and police officers.

PubMed

Gabriel, Rafael; Ferrando, Laura; Cortón, Enrique Sainz; Mingote, Carlos; García-Camba, Eduardo; Liria, Alberto Fernández; Galea, Sandro

2007-09-01

To assess the prevalence and correlates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depression and anxiety disorders other than PTSD, among three samples with different level of exposure to the March 11, 2004 terrorist attacks in Madrid. We sampled three groups of persons-those injured in the attacks, the residents of Alcala de Henares, and police officers involved with the rescue effort-with different exposure to the March 11, 2004 terrorist attacks, using random sampling from comprehensive censuses of all three groups. In person interviews were conducted with all three groups between 5 and 12 weeks after March 11, 2004. Questionnaire included assessment of socio-demographic characteristics, of PTSD using the Davidson trauma scale, and of a range of psychiatric illnesses using the mini international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI). The overall sample included 127 persons injured in the attack, 485 residents of Alcalá de Henares, and 153 policemen involved in rescue. Of all three groups 57.5%, 25.9% and 3.9% of persons, respectively, reported symptoms consistent with any assessed psychiatric disorder. The use of psychoactive medication before March 11, 2004 was consistently the main predictor of PTSD and major depression among those injured and of major depression and anxiety disorders others than PTSD among residents of Alcala. There was a substantial burden of psychological consequences of the March 11, 2004 terrorist attacks two months after the event. Persons with prior mental illness are at higher risk of post-event psychopathology, across groups of exposure.

Generalization of the Gaussian electrostatic model: Extension to arbitrary angular momentum, distributed multipoles, and speedup with reciprocal space methods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cisneros, G. Andrés; Piquemal, Jean-Philip; Darden, Thomas A.

2006-11-01

The simulation of biological systems by means of current empirical force fields presents shortcomings due to their lack of accuracy, especially in the description of the nonbonded terms. We have previously introduced a force field based on density fitting termed the Gaussian electrostatic model-0 (GEM-0) J.-P. Piquemal et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 124, 104101 (2006)] that improves the description of the nonbonded interactions. GEM-0 relies on density fitting methodology to reproduce each contribution of the constrained space orbital variation (CSOV) energy decomposition scheme, by expanding the electronic density of the molecule in s-type Gaussian functions centered at specific sites. In the present contribution we extend the Coulomb and exchange components of the force field to auxiliary basis sets of arbitrary angular momentum. Since the basis functions with higher angular momentum have directionality, a reference molecular frame (local frame) formalism is employed for the rotation of the fitted expansion coefficients. In all cases the intermolecular interaction energies are calculated by means of Hermite Gaussian functions using the McMurchie-Davidson [J. Comput. Phys. 26, 218 (1978)] recursion to calculate all the required integrals. Furthermore, the use of Hermite Gaussian functions allows a point multipole decomposition determination at each expansion site. Additionally, the issue of computational speed is investigated by reciprocal space based formalisms which include the particle mesh Ewald (PME) and fast Fourier-Poisson (FFP) methods. Frozen-core (Coulomb and exchange-repulsion) intermolecular interaction results for ten stationary points on the water dimer potential-energy surface, as well as a one-dimensional surface scan for the canonical water dimer, formamide, stacked benzene, and benzene water dimers, are presented. All results show reasonable agreement with the corresponding CSOV calculated reference contributions, around 0.1 and 0.15kcal/mol error for Coulomb and exchange, respectively. Timing results for single Coulomb energy-force calculations for (H2O)n, n =64, 128, 256, 512, and 1024, in periodic boundary conditions with PME and FFP at two different rms force tolerances are also presented. For the small and intermediate auxiliaries, PME shows faster times than FFP at both accuracies and the advantage of PME widens at higher accuracy, while for the largest auxiliary, the opposite occurs.

Generalization of the Gaussian electrostatic model: Extension to arbitrary angular momentum, distributed multipoles, and speedup with reciprocal space methods

PubMed Central

Cisneros, G. Andrés; Piquemal, Jean-Philip; Darden, Thomas A.

2007-01-01

The simulation of biological systems by means of current empirical force fields presents shortcomings due to their lack of accuracy, especially in the description of the nonbonded terms. We have previously introduced a force field based on density fitting termed the Gaussian electrostatic model-0 (GEM-0) J.-P. Piquemal et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 124, 104101 (2006)] that improves the description of the nonbonded interactions. GEM-0 relies on density fitting methodology to reproduce each contribution of the constrained space orbital variation (CSOV) energy decomposition scheme, by expanding the electronic density of the molecule in s-type Gaussian functions centered at specific sites. In the present contribution we extend the Coulomb and exchange components of the force field to auxiliary basis sets of arbitrary angular momentum. Since the basis functions with higher angular momentum have directionality, a reference molecular frame (local frame) formalism is employed for the rotation of the fitted expansion coefficients. In all cases the intermolecular interaction energies are calculated by means of Hermite Gaussian functions using the McMurchie-Davidson [J. Comput. Phys. 26, 218 (1978)] recursion to calculate all the required integrals. Furthermore, the use of Hermite Gaussian functions allows a point multipole decomposition determination at each expansion site. Additionally, the issue of computational speed is investigated by reciprocal space based formalisms which include the particle mesh Ewald (PME) and fast Fourier-Poisson (FFP) methods. Frozen-core (Coulomb and exchange-repulsion) intermolecular interaction results for ten stationary points on the water dimer potential-energy surface, as well as a one-dimensional surface scan for the canonical water dimer, formamide, stacked benzene, and benzene water dimers, are presented. All results show reasonable agreement with the corresponding CSOV calculated reference contributions, around 0.1 and 0.15 kcal/mol error for Coulomb and exchange, respectively. Timing results for single Coulomb energy-force calculations for (H2O)n, n=64, 128, 256, 512, and 1024, in periodic boundary conditions with PME and FFP at two different rms force tolerances are also presented. For the small and intermediate auxiliaries, PME shows faster times than FFP at both accuracies and the advantage of PME widens at higher accuracy, while for the largest auxiliary, the opposite occurs. PMID:17115732

An ab initio global potential-energy surface for NH2(A(2)A') and vibrational spectrum of the Renner-Teller A(2)A'-X(2)A" system.

PubMed

Zhou, Shulan; Li, Zheng; Xie, Daiqian; Lin, Shi Ying; Guo, Hua

2009-05-14

A global potential-energy surface for the first excited electronic state of NH(2)(A(2)A(')) has been constructed by three-dimensional cubic spline interpolation of more than 20,000 ab initio points, which were calculated at the multireference configuration-interaction level with the Davidson correction using the augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple-zeta basis set. The (J=0) vibrational energy levels for the ground (X(2)A(")) and excited (A(2)A(')) electronic states of NH(2) were calculated on our potential-energy surfaces with the diagonal Renner-Teller terms. The results show a good agreement with the experimental vibrational frequencies of NH(2) and its isotopomers.

Smart Packaging Technologies and Their Application in Conventional Meat Packaging Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

O'Grady, Michael N.; Kerry, Joseph P.

Preservative packaging of meat and meat products should maintain acceptable appearance, odour and flavour and should delay the onset of microbial spoilage. Typically fresh red meats are placed on trays and over-wrapped with an oxygen permeable film or alternatively, meats are stored in modified atmosphere packages (MAP) containing high levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide (80% O2:20% CO2) (Georgala & Davidson, 1970). Cooked meats are usually stored in 70% N2:30% CO2 (Smiddy, Papkovsky, & Kerry, 2002). The function of oxygen in MAP is to maintain acceptable fresh meat colour and carbon dioxide inhibits the growth of spoilage bacteria (Seideman & Durland, 1984). Nitrogen is used as an inert filler gas either to reduce the proportions of the other gases or to maintain the pack shape (Bell & Bourke, 1996).

Affective imposition influences risky choice: handedness points to the hemispheres.

PubMed

McElroy, Todd; Corbin, Jonathan

2010-07-01

The study of risk preference has become a widely investigated area of research. The current study is designed to investigate the relationship between handedness, hemispheric predominance and valence imposition in a risky-choice decision task. Research into the valence hypothesis (e.g., Ahern & Schwartz, 1985; Davidson, 1984) has shown that the left hemisphere is more active in processing positively valenced stimuli, whereas the right hemisphere is more active in processing negatively valenced stimuli. A total of 520 individuals (343 female, 117 male) participated in a self-imposed framing task and took a degree of handedness questionnaire. The results of the framing task and handedness questionnaire showed that participants' degree of handedness significantly influenced the positive/negative valence they imposed onto the framing task as well as their level of risk preference.

A physicochemical mechanism of chemical gas sensors using an AC analysis.

PubMed

Moon, Jaehyun; Park, Jin-Ah; Lee, Su-Jae; Lee, Jeong-Ik; Zyung, Taehyong; Shin, Eui-Chol; Lee, Jong-Sook

2013-06-21

Electrical modeling of the chemical gas sensors was successfully applied to TiO2 nanofiber gas sensors by developing an equivalent circuit model where the junction capacitance as well as the resistance can be separated from the comparable stray capacitance. The Schottky junction impedance exhibited a characteristic skewed arc described by a Cole-Davidson function, and the variation of the fit and derived parameters with temperature, bias, and NO2 gas concentration indicated definitely a physicochemical sensing mechanism based on the Pt|TiO2 Schottky junctions against the conventional supposition of the enhanced sensitivity in nanostructured gas sensors with high grain boundary/surface area. Analysis on a model Pt|TiO2|Pt structure also confirmed the characteristic impedance response of TiO2 nanofiber sensors.

Sociodemographic factors and health conditions associated with the resilience of people with chronic diseases: a cross sectional study.

PubMed

Böell, Julia Estela Willrich; Silva, Denise Maria Guerreiro Vieira da; Hegadoren, Kathleen Mary

2016-09-01

to investigate the association between resilience and sociodemographic variables and the health of people with chronic kidney disease and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus. a cross-sectional observational study performed with 603 people with chronic kidney disease and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus. A tool to collect socio-demographic and health data and the Resilience Scale developed by Connor and Davidson were applied. A descriptive and multivariate analysis was performed. the study participants had on average 61 years old (SD= 13.2), with a stable union (52.24%), religion (96.7%), retired (49.09%), with primary education (65%) and income up to three minimum wages. Participants with kidney disease showed less resilience than people with diabetes. the type of chronic illness, disease duration, body mass index and religious beliefs influenced the resilience of the study participants. verificar a associação entre resiliência e variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde de pessoas com diagnóstico de doença renal crônica e/ou diabetes mellitus tipo 2. estudo observacional transversal realizado com 603 pessoas com diagnóstico de doença renal crônica e/ou diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Aplicação de instrumento para coletar dados sociodemográficos e de saúde e Escala de Resiliência desenvolvida por Connor e Davidson. Foi realizada análise descritiva e multivariada dos dados. os participantes do estudo possuíam, em média, 61 anos de idade (DP=13,2), com união estável (52,24%), crença religiosa (96,7%), aposentados (49,09%), com ensino fundamental (65%) e renda de até três salários mínimos. Os participantes com doença renal apresentaram menor resiliência do que pessoas com diabetes. o tipo de doença crônica, o tempo de doença, o índice de massa corporal e a crença religiosa influenciaram a resiliência dos participantes do estudo. verificar la asociación entre resiliencia y variables sociodemográficas y de salud de personas con diagnóstico de enfermedad renal crónica y/o diabetes mellitus tipo 2. estudio observacional transversal, realizado con 603 personas con diagnóstico de enfermedad renal crónica y/o diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Aplicación de instrumento para recolectar datos sociodemográficos y de salud y Escala de Resiliencia desarrollada por Connor y Davidson. Fue realizado análisis descriptivo y multivariado de los datos. los participantes del estudio poseían, en promedio, 61 años de edad (DE=13,2), con unión estable (52,24%), creencia religiosa (96,7%), jubilados (49,09%), con enseñanza fundamental (65%) y renta de hasta tres salarios mínimos. Los participantes con enfermedad renal presentaron menor resiliencia que personas con diabetes. el tipo de enfermedad crónica, el tiempo de enfermedad, el índice de masa corporal y la creencia religiosa influenciaron la resiliencia de los participantes del estudio.

Family ties of WR to LBV nebulae yielding clues for stellar evolution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Weis, K.

Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs) are stars is a transitional phase massive stars may enter while evolving from main-sequence to Wolf-Rayet stars. The to LBVs intrinsic photometric variability is based on the modulation of the stellar spectrum. Within a few years the spectrum shifts from OB to AF type and back. During their cool phase LBVs are close to the Humphreys-Davidson (equivalent to Eddington/Omega-Gamma) limit. LBVs have a rather high mass loss rate, with stellar winds that are fast in the hot and slower in the cool phase of an LBV. These alternating wind velocities lead to the formation of LBV nebulae by wind-wind interactions. A nebula can also be formed in a spontaneous giant eruption in which larger amounts of mass are ejected. LBV nebulae are generally small (< 5 pc) mainly gaseous circumstellar nebulae, with a rather large fraction of LBV nebulae being bipolar. After the LBV phase the star will turn into a Wolf-Rayet star, but note that not all WR stars need to have passed the LBV phase. Some follow from the RSG and the most massive directly from the MS phase. In general WRs have a large mass loss and really fast stellar winds. The WR wind may interact with winds of earlier phases (MS, RSG) to form WR nebulae. As for WR with LBV progenitors the scenario might be different, here no older wind is present but an LBV nebula! The nature of WR nebulae are therefore manifold and in particular the connection (or family ties) of WR to LBV nebulae is important to understand the transition between these two phases, the evolution of massive stars, their winds, wind-wind and wind-nebula interactions. Looking at the similarities and differences of LBV and WR nebula, figuring what is a genuine LBV and WR nebula are the basic question addressed in the analysis presented here.

Adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans Is Associated with Psychological Resilience in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

PubMed

Lutz, Laura J; Gaffney-Stomberg, Erin; Williams, Kelly W; McGraw, Susan M; Niro, Philip J; Karl, J Philip; Cable, Sonya J; Cropper, Thomas L; McClung, James P

2017-03-01

The 2010 Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010), a measure of diet quality, is used to quantify adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Better HEI scores have been associated with positive health outcomes; however, the relationship between diet quality and psychological resilience, a mental health attribute for coping with adversity, has not been assessed. The objective of the present study was to assess the relationship between diet quality and psychological resilience, and the relationship between resilience and demographics, anthropometrics, socioeconomic status, and health behavior. In this cross-sectional study, HEI-2010 scores and resilience were assessed using the Block food frequency questionnaire and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Other factors that can affect the relationship between HEI-2010 scores and resilience were assessed using surveys, and height and weight were measured to calculate body mass index. Male and female Army and Air Force recruits (n=834) enrolled in a randomized controlled trial and 656 (mean±standard deviation [SD] age=21±3.3 years) were included in this analysis. Data were collected before the initiation of military training at Fort Sill, OK (2012-2013) and Lackland Air Force Base, TX (2013-2014). Participants were split into low- and high-resilience groups based on Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale scores. Student's t test and χ 2 tests were used to determine differences between groups for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Logistic regression was utilized to identify predictors of resilience. Better diet quality was associated with resilience; higher HEI predicted an increased likelihood (odds ratio=1.02; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.04) of a participant being in the high-resilience group after including race, ethnicity, education, smoking, age, body mass index, sex, and military branch in the full model. The data indicate that with every 10-point increase in HEI score, there was a 22% increased likelihood of being in the high-resilience group. Registered dietitian nutritionists should continue to encourage attainable changes to improve diet; study data suggest that small improvements in diet quality can be associated with better psychological resilience. Published by Elsevier Inc.

A Comparison of Sleep Difficulties among Iraq/Afghanistan Theater Veterans with and without Mental Health Diagnoses

PubMed Central

Ulmer, Christi S.; Van Voorhees, Elizabeth; Germain, Anne E.; Voils, Corrine I.; Beckham, Jean C.

2015-01-01

Study Objectives: Sleep disturbance is among the most common complaints of veterans and military personnel who deployed to the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. A growing body of research has examined cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between sleep disturbance and mental health symptoms and specific diagnoses in this population. However, prior research has not examined these relationships in terms of the presence or absence of any mental health diagnosis. The objective of the current study is to characterize the sleep complaints (sleep characteristics, sleep quality, insomnia symptoms, and distressing dreams and nightmares) of previously deployed military personnel in terms of the presence or absence of a mental health disorder, diagnosed using structured clinical diagnostic interviews. Methods: Participants (n = 1,238) were veterans and active duty military personnel serving in the military since September 11, 2001, and deployed at least once. Scale scores and item-level data from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the PSQI-Addendum, the Davidson Trauma Scale, and the Symptom Checklist-90 were used to compare sleep across mental health status (with/without mental health disorder). Results: As expected, self-reported sleep impairments were worse among those meeting criteria for a mental health disorder. However, findings also revealed very poor sleep among those without a mental health diagnosis as well. Mean values for both groups were suggestive of short sleep duration, low sleep efficiency, long sleep onset latencies, poor sleep quality, frequent insomnia symptoms, and nightmare frequencies that are well above norms for the general population. Conclusions: Given the evidence for adverse mental and physical health sequelae of untreated sleep disturbance, increased attention to sleep in this population may serve as a primary prevention strategy. Citation: Ulmer CS, Van Voorhees E, Germain AE, Voils CI, Beckham JC; VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center Registry Workgroup. A comparison of sleep difficulties among Iraq/Afghanistan theater veterans with and without mental health diagnoses. J Clin Sleep Med 2015;11(9):995–1005. PMID:26094928

ep→epπ0 reaction studied in the Δ(1232) mass region using polarization asymmetries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Biselli, A.; Adams, G. S.; Amaryan, M. J.; Anciant, E.; Anghinolfi, M.; Asavapibhop, B.; Asryan, G.; Audit, G.; Auger, T.; Avakian, H.; Barrow, S.; Battaglieri, M.; Beard, K.; Bektasoglu, M.; Bertozzi, W.; Bianchi, N.; Boiarinov, S.; Bonner, B. E.; Bosted, P.; Bouchigny, S.; Bradford, R.; Branford, D.; Brooks, W. K.; Bueltmann, S.; Burkert, V. D.; Calarco, J. R.; Carman, D. S.; Carnahan, B.; Cetina, C.; Ciciani, L.; Cole, P. L.; Coleman, A.; Connelly, J.; Cords, D.; Corvisiero, P.; Crabb, D.; Crannell, H.; Cummings, J.; de Sanctis, E.; de Vita, R.; Degtyarenko, P. V.; Demirchyan, R. A.; Denizli, H.; Dennis, L. C.; Dharmawardane, K. V.; Dhuga, K. S.; Djalali, C.; Dodge, G. E.; Domingo, J.; Doughty, D.; Dragovitsch, P.; Dugger, M.; Dytman, S.; Eckhause, M.; Efremenko, Y. V.; Egiyan, H.; Egiyan, K. S.; Elouadrhiri, L.; Empl, A.; Eugenio, P.; Farhi, L.; Fatemi, R.; Feuerbach, R. J.; Ficenec, J.; Fissum, K.; Forest, T. A.; Freyberger, A.; Frolov, V.; Funsten, H.; Gaff, S. J.; Gai, M.; Gavalian, G.; Gavrilov, V. B.; Gilad, S.; Gilfoyle, G. P.; Giovanetti, K. L.; Girard, P.; Golovatch, E.; Griffioen, K. A.; Guidal, M.; Guillo, M.; Guo, L.; Gyurjyan, V.; Hanock, D.; Hardie, J.; Heddle, D.; Hersman, F. W.; Hicks, K.; Hicks, R. S.; Holtrop, M.; Hu, J.; Hyde-Wright, C. E.; Ito, M. M.; Jenkins, D.; Joo, K.; Kelley, J. H.; Khandaker, M.; Kim, K. Y.; Kim, K.; Kim, W.; Klein, A.; Klein, F. J.; Klimenko, A. V.; Klusman, M.; Kossov, M.; Kramer, L. H.; Kuang, Y.; Kuhn, J.; Kuhn, S. E.; Lachniet, J.; Laget, J. M.; Lawrence, D.; Leksin, G. A.; Longhi, A.; Loukachine, K.; Major, R. W.; Manak, J. J.; Marchand, C.; Matthews, S. K.; McAleer, S.; McNabb, J. W.; McCarthy, J.; Mecking, B. A.; Mestayer, M. D.; Meyer, C. A.; Minehart, R.; Mirazita, M.; Miskimen, R.; Mokeev, V.; Muccifora, V.; Mueller, J.; Murphy, L. Y.; Mutchler, G. S.; Napolitano, J.; Nelson, S. O.; Niculescu, G.; Niczyporuk, B.; Niyazov, R. A.; Nozar, M.; O'Brien, J. T.; O'Rielly, G. V.; Ohandjanyan, M. S.; Osipenko, M.; Park, K.; Patois, Y.; Peterson, G. A.; Philips, S.; Pivnyuk, N.; Pocanic, D.; Pogorelko, O.; Polli, E.; Preedom, B. M.; Price, J. W.; Qin, L. M.; Raue, B. A.; Riccardi, G.; Ricco, G.; Ripani, M.; Ritchie, B. G.; Rock, S.; Ronchetti, F.; Rossi, P.; Rowntree, D.; Rubin, P. D.; Sabourov, K.; Salgado, C. W.; Sapunenko, V.; Sargsyan, M.; Schumacher, R. A.; Serov, V. S.; Sharabian, Y. G.; Shaw, J.; Shuvalov, S. M.; Simionatto, S.; Skabelin, A.; Smith, E. S.; Smith, L. C.; Smith, T.; Sober, D. I.; Sorrell, L.; Spraker, M.; Stepanyan, S.; Stoler, P.; Strakovsky, I. I.; Taiuti, M.; Taylor, S.; Tedeschi, D.; Thoma, U.; Thompson, R.; Todor, L.; Tung, T. Y.; Tur, C.; Ungaro, M.; Vineyard, M. F.; Vlassov, A.; Wang, K.; Weinstein, L. B.; Weller, H.; Welsh, R.; Weygand, D. P.; Whisnant, S.; Witkowski, M.; Wolin, E.; Yegneswaran, A.; Yun, J.; Zhang, B.; Zhao, J.; Zhou, Z.

2003-09-01

Measurements of the angular distributions of target and double-spin asymmetries for the Δ+(1232) in the exclusive channel p→(e→,e'p)π0 obtained at the Jefferson Lab in the Q2 range from 0.5 to 1.5 GeV2/c2 are presented. Results of the asymmetries are compared with the unitary isobar model [D. Drechsel et al., Nucl. Phys. A645, 145 (1999)], dynamical models [T. Sato and T. S. Lee, Phys. Rev. C 54, 2660 (1996); S. S. Kamalov et al., Phys. Lett. B 27, 522 (2001)], and the effective Lagrangian theory [R. M. Davidson et al., Phys. Rev. D 43, 71 (1991)]. Sensitivity to the different models was observed, particularly in relation to the description of background terms on which the target asymmetry depends significantly.

Luchando y logrando/struggling and achieving: Resilience of Latina/o math and science teacher candidates at California Hispanic-Serving Institutions: A critical race perspective

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gonzalez, Laura

Latin math and science students represent a resilient, determined, and encouraging group of high achievers. This qualitative study presents the narratives of 10 Latin science and math teacher candidates currently attending Hispanic-Serving Institutions in California. Semi structured, in-depth interviews were conducted, where participants shared the challenges they experienced and the factors that contributed to their resilience. The Connor Davidson Resilience Scale CD-RISC was used to present resilience measures for each participant. This score is compared to a group of college students throughout the nation. The findings provide insight into the critical need for universities to examine institutional practices and efforts to support these high achievers who have already beaten tremendous odds by entering the halls of higher education.

Army 2020: Generating Health & Discipline in the Force Ahead of the Strategic Reset

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

to jog, walk, lift weights and ride her Harley‐Davidson  Fat  Boy, the motorcycle she  bought after serving in Iraq.  Today, she suffers from...is the long‐standing stigma associated with seeking and receiving treatment.  Stigma is  defined by American‐Heritage dictionary as “a mark of  shame  or...serious  felony investigations because of the  shame  associated with this crime; the likely adverse impact on  family relationships and career / retirement

Recent Observations and Structural Analysis of Surge-Type Glaciers in the Glacier Bay Area

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mayer, H.; Herzfeld, U. C.

2003-12-01

The Chugach-St.-Elias Mountains in North America hold the largest non-polar connected glaciated area of the world. Most of its larger glaciers are surge-type glaciers. In the summer of 2003, we collected aerial photographic and GPS data over numerous glaciers in the eastern St. Elias Mountains, including the Glacier Bay area. Observed glaciers include Davidson, Casement, McBride, Riggs, Cushing, Carroll, Rendu, Tsirku, Grand Pacific, Melbern, Ferris, Margerie, Johns Hopkins, Lamplugh, Reid, Burroughs, Morse, Muir and Willard Glaciers, of which Carroll, Rendu, Ferris, Grand Pacific, Johns Hopkins and Margerie Glaciers are surge-type glaciers. Our approach utilizes a quantitative analysis of surface patterns, following the principles of structural geology for the analysis of brittle-deformation patterns (manifested in crevasses) and ductile deformation patterns (visible in folded moraines). First results will be presented.

Mindfulness goes to work: impact of an online workplace intervention.

PubMed

Aikens, Kimberly A; Astin, John; Pelletier, Kenneth R; Levanovich, Kristin; Baase, Catherine M; Park, Yeo Yung; Bodnar, Catherine M

2014-07-01

The objective of this study was to determine whether a mindfulness program, created for the workplace, was both practical and efficacious in decreasing employee stress while enhancing resiliency and well-being. Participants (89) recruited from The Dow Chemical Company were selected and randomly assigned to an online mindfulness intervention (n = 44) or wait-list control (n = 45). Participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale, the Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire, the Connor-Davidson Resiliency Scale, and the Shirom Vigor Scale at pre- and postintervention and 6-month follow-up. The results indicated that the mindfulness intervention group had significant decreases in perceived stress as well as increased mindfulness, resiliency, and vigor. This online mindfulness intervention seems to be both practical and effective in decreasing employee stress, while improving resiliency, vigor, and work engagement, thereby enhancing overall employee well-being.

[The impact of stress and personality on resilience of patients with ulcerative colitis].

PubMed

Liu, W; Wang, J; Wang, H; Chen, X Y; Li, J S

2018-02-01

Objective: To study relevant factors that influence psychological resilience in patients with ulcerative colitis(UC), especially the role of perceived stress and personality. Methods: Patients with UC were recruited from January 2015 to December 2016 in the First Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Education levels, income, duration of disease, Mayo score and disease phenotype according to Montreal classification were collected. Resilience was measured using Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). Perceived stress was measured by perceived stress scale (PSS). Personality was evaluated using Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ). Univariate analyses were conducted to determine the correlation of variables with resilience and thereafter those statistically significant were reanalyzed via a multivariate regression model. Results: A total of 188 patients with UC were finally recruited. Univariate analyses demonstrated resilience was inversely associated with perceived stress, Mayo score and neuroticism. Extraversion, income, college education were positively related to resilience. However, multivariate analyses revealed that perceived stress( OR= 0.901, 95% CI 0.833-0.975), extraversion ( OR= 1.257, 95% CI 1.087-1.454), neuroticism ( OR= 0.818, 95% CI 0.679-0.985), Mayo score ( OR= 0.856, 95% CI 0.742-0.988) and income ( OR= 6.411, 95% CI 2.136-9.244) were significantly related to resilience. Conclusions: Resilience of UC patients is not only associated with disease activity, but also with personality, perceived stress and income.

Mechanics of neurulation: From classical to current perspectives on the physical mechanics that shape, fold, and form the neural tube.

PubMed

Vijayraghavan, Deepthi S; Davidson, Lance A

2017-01-30

Neural tube defects arise from mechanical failures in the process of neurulation. At the most fundamental level, formation of the neural tube relies on coordinated, complex tissue movements that mechanically transform the flat neural epithelium into a lumenized epithelial tube (Davidson, 2012). The nature of this mechanical transformation has mystified embryologists, geneticists, and clinicians for more than 100 years. Early embryologists pondered the physical mechanisms that guide this transformation. Detailed observations of cell and tissue movements as well as experimental embryological manipulations allowed researchers to generate and test elementary hypotheses of the intrinsic and extrinsic forces acting on the neural tissue. Current research has turned toward understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying neurulation. Genetic and molecular perturbation have identified a multitude of subcellular components that correlate with cell behaviors and tissue movements during neural tube formation. In this review, we focus on methods and conceptual frameworks that have been applied to the study of amphibian neurulation that can be used to determine how molecular and physical mechanisms are integrated and responsible for neurulation. We will describe how qualitative descriptions and quantitative measurements of strain, force generation, and tissue material properties as well as simulations can be used to understand how embryos use morphogenetic programs to drive neurulation. Birth Defects Research 109:153-168, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Accurate potential energy curves, spectroscopic parameters, transition dipole moments, and transition probabilities of 21 low-lying states of the CO+ cation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xing, Wei; Shi, Deheng; Zhang, Jicai; Sun, Jinfeng; Zhu, Zunlue

2018-05-01

This paper calculates the potential energy curves of 21 Λ-S and 42 Ω states, which arise from the first two dissociation asymptotes of the CO+ cation. The calculations are conducted using the complete active space self-consistent field method, which is followed by the valence internally contracted multireference configuration interaction approach with the Davidson correction. To improve the reliability and accuracy of the potential energy curves, core-valence correlation and scalar relativistic corrections, as well as the extrapolation of potential energies to the complete basis set limit are taken into account. The spectroscopic parameters and vibrational levels are determined. The spin-orbit coupling effect on the spectroscopic parameters and vibrational levels is evaluated. To better study the transition probabilities, the transition dipole moments are computed. The Franck-Condon factors and Einstein coefficients of some emissions are calculated. The radiative lifetimes are determined for a number of vibrational levels of several states. The transitions between different Λ-S states are evaluated. Spectroscopic routines for observing these states are proposed. The spectroscopic parameters, vibrational levels, transition dipole moments, and transition probabilities reported in this paper can be considered to be very reliable and can be used as guidelines for detecting these states in an appropriate spectroscopy experiment, especially for the states that were very difficult to observe or were not detected in previous experiments.

The role of trauma-related distractors on neural systems for working memory and emotion processing in posttraumatic stress disorder

PubMed Central

Morey, Rajendra A.; Dolcos, Florin; Petty, Christopher M.; Cooper, Debra A.; Hayes, Jasmeet Pannu; LaBar, Kevin S.; McCarthy, Gregory

2009-01-01

The relevance of emotional stimuli to threat and survival confers a privileged role in their processing. In PTSD, the ability of trauma-related information to divert attention is especially pronounced. Information unrelated to the trauma may also be highly distracting when it shares perceptual features with trauma material. Our goal was to study how trauma-related environmental cues modulate working memory networks in PTSD. We examined neural activity in participants performing a visual working memory task while distracted by task-irrelevant trauma and non-trauma material. Recent post-9/11 veterans were divided into a PTSD group (n = 22) and a trauma-exposed control group (n = 20) based on the Davidson trauma scale. Using fMRI, we measured hemodynamic change in response to emotional (trauma-related) and neutral distraction presented during the active maintenance period of a delayed-response working memory task. The goal was to examine differences in functional networks associated with working memory (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and lateral parietal cortex) and emotion processing (amygdala, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, and fusiform gyrus). The PTSD group showed markedly different neural activity compared to the trauma-exposed control group in response to task-irrelevant visual distractors. Enhanced activity in ventral emotion processing regions was associated with trauma distractors in the PTSD group, whereas activity in brain regions associated with working memory and attention regions was disrupted by distractor stimuli independent of trauma content. Neural evidence for the impact of distraction on working memory is consistent with PTSD symptoms of hypervigilance and general distractibility during goal-directed cognitive processing. PMID:19091328

Resilience and unmet supportive care needs in patients with cancer during early treatment: A descriptive study.

PubMed

Dubey, C; De Maria, J; Hoeppli, C; Betticher, D C; Eicher, M

2015-10-01

The concept of resilience is gaining increasing importance as a key component of supportive care but to date has rarely been addressed in studies with adult cancer patients. The purpose of our study was to describe resilience and its potential predictors and supportive care needs in cancer patients during early treatment and to explore associations between both concepts. This descriptive study included adult cancer patients under treatment in ambulatory cancer services of a Swiss hospital. Subjects completed the 25-item Connor-Davidson-Resilience Scale and the 34-item Supportive Care Needs Survey. Descriptive, correlational and regression analysis were performed. 68 patients with cancer were included in the study. Compared to general population, resilience scores were significantly lower (74.4 ± 12.6 vs. 80.4 ± 12.8, p = .0002). Multiple regression analysis showed predictors ("age", "metastasis", "recurrence" and "living alone") of resilience (adjusted R2 = .19, p < .001). Highest unmet needs were observed in the domain of psychological needs. Lower resilience scores were significantly and strongly associated with higher levels of unmet psychological needs (Rho = -.68, p < .001), supportive care needs (Rho = -.49, p < .001) and information needs (Rho = -.42, p = .001). Ambulatory patients with higher levels of resilience express fewer unmet needs. Further work is needed to elucidate the mechanism of the observed relationships and if interventions facilitating resilience have a positive effect on unmet needs. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Clinical correlates of resilience factors in geriatric depression.

PubMed

Laird, Kelsey T; Lavretsky, Helen; Paholpak, Pattharee; Vlasova, Roza M; Roman, Michael; St Cyr, Natalie; Siddarth, Prabha

2018-01-16

Traditional perspectives conceptualize resilience as a trait and depression as resulting from resilience deficiency. However, research indicates that resilience varies substantially even among adults who are clinically depressed, as well as across the lifespan of an individual. Few studies have investigated resilience in depression, and even fewer have examined resilience in depressed older adults. Three hundred thirty-seven adults ≥60 years with major depressive disorder completed the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and measures of mental health, quality of life (QOL), and medical comorbidity. Exploratory factor analysis was used to explore the factor structure of the CD-RISC. Correlations and general linear models were used to examine associations between resilience and other variables. The rotated component matrix indicated a four-factor model. Sorting of items by highest factor loading revealed constructs associated with (1) grit, (2) active coping self-efficacy, (3) accommodative coping self-efficacy, and (4) spirituality. Resilience was significantly correlated with increased age, lower cognitive functioning, greater cerebrovascular risk, and greater medical comorbidity. Resilience was negatively associated with mental health symptoms (depression, apathy, and anxiety) and positively associated with QOL. The final optimal model identified less depression, less apathy, greater medical comorbidity, higher QOL, and minority (non-White) race as factors that significantly explained variability in resilience. Resilience was significantly associated with a range of mental health constructs in a sample of older adults with depression. Future clinical trials and dismantling studies may help determine whether interventions targeting grit, active coping, accommodative coping, and spirituality can increase resilience and help prevent and treat depression in older adults.

Solute-Solvent Charge-Transfer Excitations and Optical Absorption of Hydrated Hydroxide from Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory.

PubMed

Opalka, Daniel; Sprik, Michiel

2014-06-10

The electronic structure of simple hydrated ions represents one of the most challenging problems in electronic-structure theory. Spectroscopic experiments identified the lowest excited state of the solvated hydroxide as a charge-transfer-to-solvent (CTTS) state. In the present work we report computations of the absorption spectrum of the solvated hydroxide ion, treating both solvent and solute strictly at the same level of theory. The average absorption spectrum up to 25 eV has been computed for samples taken from periodic ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The experimentally observed CTTS state near the onset of the absorption threshold has been analyzed at the generalized-gradient approximation (GGA) and with a hybrid density-functional. Based on results for the lowest excitation energies computed with the HSE hybrid functional and a Davidson diagonalization scheme, the CTTS transition has been found 0.6 eV below the first absorption band of liquid water. The transfer of an electron to the solvent can be assigned to an excitation from the solute 2pπ orbitals, which are subject to a small energetic splitting due to the asymmetric solvent environment, to the significantly delocalized lowest unoccupied orbital of the solvent. The distribution of the centers of the excited state shows that CTTS along the OH(-) axis of the hydroxide ion is avoided. Furthermore, our simulations indicate that the systematic error arising in the calculated spectrum at the GGA originates from a poor description of the valence band energies in the solution.

The impact of witnessing other people's trauma: The resilience and coping strategies of members of the Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine.

PubMed

Horvath, Miranda A H; Massey, Kristina

2018-04-01

The coping strategies, resilience and psychological distress of members of the Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine (FFLM) were measured in an attempt to establish how they are affected by, and accommodate potentially traumatic encounters with patients. Belief in a just world was also measured as it was deemed to be a mediating factor in the psychological distress exhibited in the medical practitioners who participated in this study. 120 members of the FFLM (65 females, 54 males and 1 undisclosed) volunteered to complete an online survey. Data was collected using Survey Monkey. Participants filled out the Personal Belief in a Just World Scale and General Belief in a Just World Scale, as well as the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 25, the COPE and the Brief Symptom Inventory. A multiple regression with stepwise entry was carried out. Personal belief in a just world, coping strategies and resilience were all identified as having a significant relationship with psychological distress. Although this is only a preliminary study into this phenomenon, findings suggest the personal belief in a just world, coping strategies and resilience are useful predictors of psychological distress amongst forensic medical practitioners. However they did not predict the majority of the variance and as such, more detailed investigations are needed to identify which other factors are important in order to design interventions and support for members of the Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine and other forensic medical practitioners. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved.

A pair natural orbital implementation of the coupled cluster model CC2 for excitation energies.

PubMed

Helmich, Benjamin; Hättig, Christof

2013-08-28

We demonstrate how to extend the pair natural orbital (PNO) methodology for excited states, presented in a previous work for the perturbative doubles correction to configuration interaction singles (CIS(D)), to iterative coupled cluster methods such as the approximate singles and doubles model CC2. The original O(N(5)) scaling of the PNO construction is reduced by using orbital-specific virtuals (OSVs) as an intermediate step without spoiling the initial accuracy of the PNO method. Furthermore, a slower error convergence for charge-transfer states is analyzed and resolved by a numerical Laplace transformation during the PNO construction, so that an equally accurate treatment of local and charge-transfer excitations is achieved. With state-specific truncated PNO expansions, the eigenvalue problem is solved by combining the Davidson algorithm with deflation to project out roots that have already been determined and an automated refresh with a generation of new PNOs to achieve self-consistency of the PNO space. For a large test set, we found that truncation errors for PNO-CC2 excitation energies are only slightly larger than for PNO-CIS(D). The computational efficiency of PNO-CC2 is demonstrated for a large organic dye, where a reduction of the doubles space by a factor of more than 1000 is obtained compared to the canonical calculation. A compression of the doubles space by a factor 30 is achieved by a unified OSV space only. Moreover, calculations with the still preliminary PNO-CC2 implementation on a series of glycine oligomers revealed an early break even point with a canonical RI-CC2 implementation between 100 and 300 basis functions.

The Effect of Methadone-Maintenance Therapy With and Without Interactive Treatment on Improving Emotion-Regulation Strategies and Resilience Among Opiate-Dependent Clients

PubMed Central

Hoseiny, Hadis; Jadidi, Mohsen; Habiballah Nataj, Leila; Saberi- Zafarghandi, Mohammad Bagher

2015-01-01

Background: Due to the chronic and recurrent nature of addiction, many people who quit drug addiction may slip back into the pattern of using drugs shortly after the detoxification period. Emotion-regulation strategies and resilience play an important role in preventing the recurrences of substance abuse. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effects of methadone-maintenance therapy (MMT) and interactive therapy (a combination of MMT and cognitive-behavioral therapy) on improving emotion-regulation strategies and resilience among opiate-dependent clients. Patients and Methods: This pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study was performed on 60 patients with substance abuse admitted to Methadone Addiction Treatment Centers and Detox Centers in Sari within three months of therapy for their addiction (from October to December 2013). Then, the participants were randomly assigned to two different groups (n = 30) were examined in two groups of 30 people targeted to be available in the selected population. Participants in all three groups, before and after the intervention, filled out the questionnaires of Schutte emotional intelligence scale and Connor-Davidson resiliency questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance method. Results: The results showed that an interactive therapy would be significantly more effective than the MMT on improving emotion-regulation strategies and promoting the resilience level among opiate-dependent clients. Moreover, the results showed that cognitive- behavior therapy combined with MMT may improve emotion-regulation strategies, and promote the amount of resiliency and recovery. Conclusions: The cognitive-behavior therapy combined with MMT can improve emotion-regulation strategies and resiliency and thus prevent the substance-abuse relapse. PMID:25821751

Working memory capacity and mind-wandering during low-demand cognitive tasks.

PubMed

Robison, Matthew K; Unsworth, Nash

2017-07-01

Individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) typically predict reduced rates of mind-wandering during laboratory tasks (Randall, Oswald, & Beier, 2014). However, some studies have shown a positive relationship between WMC and mind-wandering during particularly low-demand tasks (Levinson, Smallwood, & Davidson, 2012; Rummel & Boywitt, 2014; Zavagnin, Borella, & De Beni, 2014). More specifically, Baird, Smallwood, and Schooler (2011) found that when individuals with greater WMC do mind-wander, they tend entertain more future-oriented thoughts. This piece of evidence is frequently used to support the context-regulation hypothesis, which states that using spare capacity to think productively (e.g. plan) during relatively simple tasks is indicative of a cognitive system that is functioning in an adaptive manner (Smallwood & Andrews-Hanna, 2013). The present investigation failed to replicate the finding that WMC is positively related to future-oriented off-task thought, which has implications for several theoretical viewpoints. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Inner Space Perturbation Theory in Matrix Product States: Replacing Expensive Iterative Diagonalization.

PubMed

Ren, Jiajun; Yi, Yuanping; Shuai, Zhigang

2016-10-11

We propose an inner space perturbation theory (isPT) to replace the expensive iterative diagonalization in the standard density matrix renormalization group theory (DMRG). The retained reduced density matrix eigenstates are partitioned into the active and secondary space. The first-order wave function and the second- and third-order energies are easily computed by using one step Davidson iteration. Our formulation has several advantages including (i) keeping a balance between the efficiency and accuracy, (ii) capturing more entanglement with the same amount of computational time, (iii) recovery of the standard DMRG when all the basis states belong to the active space. Numerical examples for the polyacenes and periacene show that the efficiency gain is considerable and the accuracy loss due to the perturbation treatment is very small, when half of the total basis states belong to the active space. Moreover, the perturbation calculations converge in all our numerical examples.

"It's like you are just a spectator in this thing": Experiencing social life the 'aspie' way.

PubMed

Ryan, Sara; Räisänen, Ulla

2008-12-01

This study explores the experiences of people with Asperger syndrome (AS) from a sociological perspective using the theoretical approaches of ethnomethodology and symbolic interactionism. In-depth interviews were conducted with 16 people with AS and three key themes of feeling different, trying to fit in and safe spaces are considered here. We suggest that people with AS develop a different symbolic capacity to most people and have difficulties in making sense of social encounters. While these difficulties can be overcome, to some degree, by developing strategies to try to fit in, this learning remains at a superficial level and is not internalised through the process of socialisation. Without being able to derive a firm sense of reality from spontaneous involvement in social encounters, participants feel "unruled, unreal and anomic" (Goffman, 1967: 135) and experience intense autistic emotion (Davidson, 2007a,b).

Psychometric properties of seven self-report measures of posttraumatic stress disorder in college students with mixed civilian trauma exposure.

PubMed

Adkins, Jennifer W; Weathers, Frank W; McDevitt-Murphy, Meghan; Daniels, Jennifer B

2008-12-01

In this study psychometric properties of seven self-report measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were compared. The seven scales evaluated were the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS), the PTSD Checklist (PCL), the Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale (PDS), the Civilian Mississippi Scale (CMS), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), the Penn Inventory for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (Penn), and the PK scale of the MMPI-2 (PK). Participants were 239 (79 male and 160 female) trauma-exposed undergraduates. All seven measures exhibited good test-retest reliability and internal consistency. The PDS, PCL and DTS demonstrated the best convergent validity; the IES-R, PDS, and PCL demonstrated the best discriminant validity; and the PDS, PCL, and IES-R demonstrated the best diagnostic utility. Overall, results most strongly support the use of the PDS and the PCL for the assessment of PTSD in this population.

“It's like you are just a spectator in this thing”: Experiencing social life the ‘aspie’ way

PubMed Central

Ryan, Sara; Räisänen, Ulla

2008-01-01

This study explores the experiences of people with Asperger syndrome (AS) from a sociological perspective using the theoretical approaches of ethnomethodology and symbolic interactionism. In-depth interviews were conducted with 16 people with AS and three key themes of feeling different, trying to fit in and safe spaces are considered here. We suggest that people with AS develop a different symbolic capacity to most people and have difficulties in making sense of social encounters. While these difficulties can be overcome, to some degree, by developing strategies to try to fit in, this learning remains at a superficial level and is not internalised through the process of socialisation. Without being able to derive a firm sense of reality from spontaneous involvement in social encounters, participants feel “unruled, unreal and anomic” (Goffman, 1967: 135) and experience intense autistic emotion (Davidson, 2007a,b). PMID:24683419

Polymer lipids stabilize the ripple phase in lipid bilayers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cunningham, Beth; Likar, Justin; Wolfe, David; Williams, W. Patrick

2001-03-01

We have recently discovered using X-ray diffraction that incorporating membrane lipids with covalently attached polymer headgroups leads to a marked stabilization of the ripple phase of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC). The ripple phase of DPPC is an undulated gel phase normally restricted to a temperature range 36 to 41^oC. In the presence of small amounts of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE) derivatives with polyethylene glycol (PEG) headgroups, the ripple phase is stable over a temperature range of a least 20 to 65^oC. We attribute this ability of the polymer lipid to stabilize the ripple phase to its tendency to accumulate in, and then stabilize, regions of high membrane curvature^1. 1. H.E. Warriner, P. Davidson, N.L. Slack, M. Schellhorn, P. Eiselt, S. H. J. Idziak, H.-W. Schmidt, and C.R. Safinya, J. Chem. Phys. (1997) 107, 3707-3722.

HUBBLE SHOWS EXPANSION OF ETA CARINAE DEBRIS

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

The furious expansion of a huge, billowing pair of gas and dust clouds are captured in this NASA Hubble Space Telescope comparison image of the supermassive star Eta Carinae. To create the picture, astronomers aligned and subtracted two images of Eta Carinae taken 17 months apart (April 1994, September 1995). Black represents where the material was located in the older image, and white represents the more recent location. (The light and dark streaks that make an 'X' pattern are instrumental artifacts caused by the extreme brightness of the central star. The bright white region at the center of the image results from the star and its immediate surroundings being 'saturated' in one of the images.)Photo Credit: Jon Morse (University of Colorado), Kris Davidson (University of Minnesota), and NASA Image files in GIF and JPEG format and captions may be accessed on Internet via anonymous ftp from oposite.stsci.edu in /pubinfo.

Strongly contracted canonical transformation theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Neuscamman, Eric; Yanai, Takeshi; Chan, Garnet Kin-Lic

2010-01-01

Canonical transformation (CT) theory describes dynamic correlation in multireference systems with large active spaces. Here we discuss CT theory's intruder state problem and why our previous approach of overlap matrix truncation becomes infeasible for sufficiently large active spaces. We propose the use of strongly and weakly contracted excitation operators as alternatives for dealing with intruder states in CT theory. The performance of these operators is evaluated for the H2O, N2, and NiO molecules, with comparisons made to complete active space second order perturbation theory and Davidson-corrected multireference configuration interaction theory. Finally, using a combination of strongly contracted CT theory and orbital-optimized density matrix renormalization group theory, we evaluate the singlet-triplet gap of free base porphin using an active space containing all 24 out-of-plane 2p orbitals. Modeling dynamic correlation with an active space of this size is currently only possible using CT theory.

When the brain does not adequately feel the body: Links between low resilience and interoception.

PubMed

Haase, Lori; Stewart, Jennifer L; Youssef, Brittany; May, April C; Isakovic, Sara; Simmons, Alan N; Johnson, Douglas C; Potterat, Eric G; Paulus, Martin P

2016-01-01

This study examined neural processes of resilience during aversive interoceptive processing. Forty-six individuals were divided into three groups of resilience Low (LowRes), high (HighRes), and normal (NormRes), based on the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003). Participants then completed a task involving anticipation and experience of loaded breathing during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) recording. Compared to HighRes and NormRes groups, LowRes self-reported lower levels of interoceptive awareness and demonstrated higher insular and thalamic activation across anticipation and breathing load conditions. Thus, individuals with lower resilience show reduced attention to bodily signals but greater neural processing to aversive bodily perturbations. In low resilient individuals, this mismatch between attention to and processing of interoceptive afferents may result in poor adaptation in stressful situations. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Psychosocial Factors Associated with Resilience in a National Community-Based Cohort of Australian Gay Men Living with HIV.

PubMed

Lyons, Anthony; Heywood, Wendy; Rozbroj, Tomas

2016-08-01

HIV-positive gay men may experience multiple sources of adversity and stress, related both to their HIV diagnosis and sexual identity. Most of these men, however, do not experience mental health problems. Little is known about factors that help them achieve resilience in the face of life challenges. This study examined psychosocial factors associated with resilience in a national community-based sample of 357 Australian HIV-positive gay men. Resilience was measured using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Higher levels of resilience were linked with experiencing low or no internalized HIV-related stigma, having no previous history of mental health problems, and a number of socioeconomic indicators. In addition to providing a more complete picture of the mental health of HIV-positive gay men, findings from this study can be used to inform strength-based approaches to mental health prevention and support.

On the ordinary mode instability for low beta plasmas

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hadi, F.; Qamar, A.; Bashir, M. F.

2014-05-15

The purely growing ordinary (O) mode instability, first discussed by Davidson and Wu [Phys. Fluids 13, 1407 (1970)], has recently received renewed attention owing to its potential applicability to the solar wind plasma. In a series of papers, Ibscher, Schlickeiser, and their colleagues [Phys. Plasmas 19, 072116 (2012); ibid. 20, 012103 (2013); ibid. 20, 042121 (2013); ibid. 21, 022110 (2014)] revisited the O mode instability and extended it to the low-beta plasma regime by considering a counter-streaming bi-Maxwellian model. However, the O-mode instability is, thus, far discussed only on the basis of the marginal stability condition rather than actual numericalmore » solutions of the dispersion relation. The present paper revisits the O-mode instability by considering the actual complex roots. The marginal stability condition as a function of the (electron) temperature anisotropy and beta naturally emerges in such a scheme.« less

A cubic scaling algorithm for excited states calculations in particle-particle random phase approximation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lu, Jianfeng; Yang, Haizhao

2017-07-01

The particle-particle random phase approximation (pp-RPA) has been shown to be capable of describing double, Rydberg, and charge transfer excitations, for which the conventional time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) might not be suitable. It is thus desirable to reduce the computational cost of pp-RPA so that it can be efficiently applied to larger molecules and even solids. This paper introduces an O (N3) algorithm, where N is the number of orbitals, based on an interpolative separable density fitting technique and the Jacobi-Davidson eigensolver to calculate a few low-lying excitations in the pp-RPA framework. The size of the pp-RPA matrix can also be reduced by keeping only a small portion of orbitals with orbital energy close to the Fermi energy. This reduced system leads to a smaller prefactor of the cubic scaling algorithm, while keeping the accuracy for the low-lying excitation energies.

Emerging Interventions for PTSD: Future Directions for Clinical Care and Research

PubMed Central

Bomyea, Jessica; Lang, Ariel J.

2013-01-01

Efficacious therapeutic approaches for treating Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) are needed given the significant psychosocial and physical impairment associated with the disorder (e.g., Hidalgo & Davidson, 2000; Jaycox & Foa, 1999; Stein, McQuaid, Pedrelli, Lenox & McCahill, 2000). Although variations of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) effectively treat PTSD, non-response rates and dropout rates remain relatively high (Bradley, Greene, Russ, Dutra, & Westen, 2005; Schottenbauer, Glass, Arnkoff, Tendick & Gray, 2008). Thus, treatment outcome research is needed to improve the effectiveness of existing protocols, particularly within specific populations, develop new approaches for treating individuals who cannot access or do not benefit from traditional treatments, and evaluate the types of treatment that may be effective for particular individuals. The present review provides an overview of emerging treatment approaches for PTSD that attempt to address these remaining issues in the treatment outcome literature. PMID:21664365

Burnout and its association with resilience in nurses: A cross-sectional study.

PubMed

Guo, Yu-Fang; Luo, Yuan-Hui; Lam, Louisa; Cross, Wendy; Plummer, Virginia; Zhang, Jing-Ping

2018-01-01

To investigate the prevalence and extent of burnout on nurses and its association with personal resilience. With the worldwide shortage of nurses, nurse burnout is considered one of the main contributing factors and has been the focus of studies in recent years. Given the well-documented high level of burnout among nurses, resilience is expected to be a significant predictor of nurse burnout. The association between burnout and resilience has not previously been investigated extensively. A cross-sectional survey design was selected. A total of 1,061 nurses from six separate three-level hospitals in Hunan Province, China, returned self-reported questionnaires from March-June 2015. Data were collected using a socio-demographic sheet, Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Nurses experienced severe burnout symptoms and showed a moderate level of resilience. Three metrics of burnout had significantly negative correlations with the total score and following variables of resilience. Linear regression analysis showed resilience, especially strength, demographic characteristics (exercise, alcohol use and marital status) and job characteristics (income per month, ratio of patients to nurses, shift work and professional rank) were the main predictors of the three metrics of burnout. The findings of this study may help nurse managers and hospital administrators to have a better understanding of nurse burnout and resilience. The significantly negative relationship between burnout symptoms and resilience has been demonstrated, and this informs the role of resilience in influencing burnout. Adaptable and effective interventions for improving resilience are needed to relieve nurses' burnout and reduce workplace stress. Moreover, nurse managers and hospital administrators should establish an effective management system to cultivate a healthy workplace and adopt positive attitudes and harmonious relationships. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Resilience Mediates the Longitudinal Relationships Between Social Support and Mental Health Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis.

PubMed

Koelmel, Emily; Hughes, Abbey J; Alschuler, Kevin N; Ehde, Dawn M

2017-06-01

To investigate the longitudinal relationships between social support and subsequent mental health outcomes in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), and to examine resilience as a mediator between social support and subsequent mental health outcomes in this population. Observational, longitudinal cohort study. Participants were assessed at 4 time points over 12 months in the context of a previously reported randomized controlled trial. Telephone-based measures administered to community-based participants. Individuals (N=163) with MS and 1 or more of the following symptoms: depression, fatigue, and pain. Not applicable. Mental health outcomes included (1) depressive symptomatology, assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9; (2) anxious symptomatology, assessed using the short form of the Emotional Distress-Anxiety Scale from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System; and (3) general mental health status, assessed using the Mental Component Summary score from the Short Form-8 Health Survey. Resilience was assessed using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. At any given time, social support from significant others, family members, and friends was significantly associated with subsequent mental health outcomes for all 3 measures assessed (all P values <.05). Resilience measured concomitantly with social support significantly mediated the relationships between social support and subsequent mental health outcomes. After controlling for resilience, most of the direct relationships between social support and mental health outcomes were no longer significant. There are significant longitudinal relationships between social support, resilience, and mental health outcomes for people with MS. Given the mediating role of resilience in supporting better mental health outcomes, future clinical research and practice may benefit from an emphasis on resilience-focused psychological interventions. Copyright © 2016 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. All rights reserved.

Obesity, eating behaviour and mental health among university students in Mexico City.

PubMed

Lazarevich, Irina; Irigoyen-Camacho, María Esther; Velázquez-Alva, María del Consuelo

2013-11-01

Psychological factors are important in the development of obesity; however these are frequently underestimated in intervention programs. To examine the association of mental health with altered eating behavior related to weigh gain, and with abdominal obesity among college students in order to provide more comprehensive guidelines for intervention programs. A cross-sectional study was performed with 1,122 university students (from a total population of 1,820 freshmen students) at the Metropolitan Autonomous University, Mexico City. Body mass index and waist circumference (WC) were recorded. A six items questionnaire was applied to assess altered eating behavior. Self-reported questionnaires for depression (Beck Depression Inventory), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder Scale of Carrol and Davidson), and impulsiveness symptoms (Plutchik Impulsivity Scale) were used. Multiple logistic regression models were performed. An increased WC was associated with depression symptoms (OR=1.4), female sex (OR=1.5), and age (OR=1.1). Students with altered eating behaviors showed elevated levels of impulsivity (e.g. have difficulties to stop eating, OR=4.2) and depression (e.g. have problem to eat at regular times, OR=6.98). In addition, higher WC was associated with female sex, parents' obesity, and unhealthy eating behaviors (e.g. have difficulties to stop eating, OR=1.42; and constantly feel hungry, and eat too much, OR=2.25). Although preventive programs directed at development of adequate eating habits and physical activity are considered a key component of intervention programs, strategies for the management of emotions, the promotion of positive mood and impulsivity-reduction techniques are a necessary complement for a comprehensive approach to overweight and obesity. Copyright AULA MEDICA EDICIONES 2013. Published by AULA MEDICA. All rights reserved.

Development of a screening measure of stress for parents of children hospitalised in a Paediatric Intensive Care Unit.

PubMed

Rodríguez-Rey, Rocío; Alonso-Tapia, Jesús

2016-08-01

Having a child admitted to intensive care is a highly stressful experience for parents; however there is a lack of screening instruments of parental stress in that context, which would be useful for both, research and clinical purposes. (1) To validate a brief measure of parental stress based on the Parental Stressor Scale: Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PSS:PICU), (2) to study which environmental factors of the PICU are more stressful in a sample of Spanish parents, and (3) to study which variables are related to higher levels of stress among this group. 196 Spanish parents completed the Abbreviated PSS: PICU (A-PSS:PICU) and a general stress scale (the Perceived Stress Scale) upon their child's discharge to test the convergent validity of the tool. Three months later, they were assessed anxiety and depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and posttraumatic stress with the Davidson Trauma Scale in order to test the predictive validity of the A-PSS:PICU. Two factors emerged from Confirmatory Factor Analyses, (1) stress due to child's condition and (2) stress related to PICU's staff. The A-PSS:PICU showed adequate reliability and convergent and predictive validity. The most stressful aspects were the behaviours and emotional responses of their child and the loss of their parental role. Age, gender, child's condition, length of admission, spiritual beliefs, and mechanical ventilation were associated to parental stress scores. The A-PSS:PICU is a reliable and valid measure. Parental stress should be screened during a child's PICU admission to identify parents at risk of post-discharge distress. Copyright © 2016 Australian College of Critical Care Nurses Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Electronic structures and spectroscopic properties of CdI: MRCI+Q study including spin-orbit coupling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Rui; Zhang, Hua; Liu, Xiaohua; Zhao, Shutao; Liu, Yadong; Yan, Bing

2018-01-01

Cadmium iodide (CdI), which is a candidate for laser material in chemical lasing, has attracted considerable scientific interest. While the complete picture for electronic structure of CdI is still unclear, particularly for the interactions of excited states. In this paper, high-level configuration interaction method is applied to compute the low-lying electronic states of the lowest two dissociation limits (Cd(1S) + I(2P) and Cd(3P) + I(2P)). To ensure the accuracy, the Davidson correction, core-valence electronic correlations and spin-orbit coupling effects are also taken into account. The potential energy curves of the 14 Λ-S states and 30 Ω states obtained from those Λ-S states are calculated. On the basis of the computed potential energy curves, the spectroscopic constants of bound and quasibound states are determined, most of which have not been reported in existing studies. The calculated values of spin-orbit coupling matrix elements demonstrate that the B2Σ+1/2 state imposes a strong perturbation on ν‧> 0 vibrational level of C2Π1/2, which can explain the weak spectral intensity of C2Π1/2-X2Σ+1/2 observed in previous experiment. The transition dipole moments as well as the lifetimes are evaluated to predict the transition properties of B2Σ+1/2, C2Π1/2 and 22Π3/2 states.

Resident and Proprietor Perspectives of a Recovery Orientation in Community-Based Housing

PubMed Central

Piat, Myra; Boyer, Richard; Fleury, Marie-Josée; Lesage, Alain; O’Connell, Maria; Sabetti, Judith

2016-01-01

Objective Stable housing is a fundamental human right, and an important element for both mental health recovery and social inclusion among people with serious mental illness. This article reports findings from a study on the recovery orientation of structured congregate community housing services using the Recovery Self-Assessment Questionnaire (RSA) adapted for housing (O’Connell, Tondora, Croog, Evans, & Davidson, 2005). Methods The RSA questionnaires were administered to 118 residents and housing providers from 112 congregate housing units located in Montreal, Canada. Results Residents rated their homes as significantly less recovery-oriented than did proprietors, which is contrary to previous studies of clinical services or Assertive Community Treatment where RSA scores for service users were significantly higher than service provider scores. Findings for both groups suggest the need for improvement on 5 of 6 RSA factors. While proprietors favored recovery training and education, and valued resident opinion and experience, vestiges of a traditional medical model governing this housing emerged in other findings, as in agreement between the 2 groups that residents have little choice in case management, or in the belief among proprietors that residents are unable to manage their symptoms. Conclusions and Implications for Practice This study demonstrates that the RSA adapted for housing is a useful tool for creating recovery profiles of housing services. The findings provide practical guidance on how to promote a recovery orientation in structured community housing, as well as a novel approach for reaching a common understanding of what this entails among stakeholders. PMID:25559078

Local Breast Cancer Spatial Patterning: A Tool for Community Health Resource Allocation to Address Local Disparities in Breast Cancer Mortality

PubMed Central

Brantley-Sieders, Dana M.; Fan, Kang-Hsien; Deming-Halverson, Sandra L.; Shyr, Yu; Cook, Rebecca S.

2012-01-01

Despite available demographic data on the factors that contribute to breast cancer mortality in large population datasets, local patterns are often overlooked. Such local information could provide a valuable metric by which regional community health resources can be allocated to reduce breast cancer mortality. We used national and statewide datasets to assess geographical distribution of breast cancer mortality rates and known risk factors influencing breast cancer mortality in middle Tennessee. Each county in middle Tennessee, and each ZIP code within metropolitan Davidson County, was scored for risk factor prevalence and assigned quartile scores that were used as a metric to identify geographic areas of need. While breast cancer mortality often correlated with age and incidence, geographic areas were identified in which breast cancer mortality rates did not correlate with age and incidence, but correlated with additional risk factors, such as mammography screening and socioeconomic status. Geographical variability in specific risk factors was evident, demonstrating the utility of this approach to identify local areas of risk. This method revealed local patterns in breast cancer mortality that might otherwise be overlooked in a more broadly based analysis. Our data suggest that understanding the geographic distribution of breast cancer mortality, and the distribution of risk factors that contribute to breast cancer mortality, will not only identify communities with the greatest need of support, but will identify the types of resources that would provide the most benefit to reduce breast cancer mortality in the community. PMID:23028869

Efficacy of the resilience and adjustment intervention after traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Kreutzer, Jeffrey S; Marwitz, Jennifer H; Sima, Adam P; Mills, Ana; Hsu, Nancy H; Lukow, Herman R

2018-05-24

Examine a psychoeducational and skill-building intervention's effectiveness for individuals after traumatic brain injury (TBI), using a two-arm, parallel, randomized, controlled trial with wait-listed control. The Resilience and Adjustment Intervention (RAI) targets adjustment challenges and emphasizes education, skill-building and psychological support. Overall, 160 outpatients were randomly assigned to a treatment or wait-list control (WLC) group. The manualized treatment was delivered in seven 1-h sessions. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) was the primary outcome measure. Secondary measures included the Mayo Portland Adaptability Inventory-4 (MPAI-4), Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18) and 13-Item Stress Test. After adjusting for injury severity, education and time postinjury, the RAI group (N = 75) demonstrated a significantly greater increase in resilience (effect size = 1.03) compared to the WLC group (N = 73). Participants in the RAI group demonstrated more favourable scores on the MPAI-4 Adjustment and Ability Indices, BSI-18 and the 13-item Stress Test. However, only the CD-RISC and BSI-18 demonstrated a clinically significant difference. In addition, RAI participants demonstrated maintenance of gains from pre-treatment to 3-month follow-up; however, only the BSI-18 maintained a clinically significant difference. Investigation provided evidence that a resilience-focused intervention can improve psychological health and adjustment after TBI. Additional research is needed to ascertain the longer term benefits of intervention and the efficacy of alternative delivery methods (e.g., via telephone, Internet).

The Price-Concentration Relationship in Early Residential Solar Third-Party Markets

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pless, Jacquelyn; Langheim, Ria; Machak, Christina

The market for residential solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in the United States has experienced tremendous growth over the past decade, with installed capacity more than doubling between 2014 and 2016 alone (SEIA, 2016). As the residential market continues to grow, it prompts new questions about the nature of competition between solar installers and how this competition, or lack thereof, affects the prices consumers are paying. It is often assumed that more competition leads to lower prices, but this is not universally true. For example, some studies have shown that factors such as brand loyalty could lead to a negative relationshipmore » between concentration and price in imperfectly competitive markets (Borenstein, 1985; Holmes, 1989). As such, the relationship between prices and market concentration is an open empirical question since theory could predict either a positive or negative relationship. Determining a relationship between prices and market concentration is challenging for several reasons. Most significantly, prices and market structure are simultaneously determined by each other -- the amount of competition a seller faces influences the price they can command, and prices determine a seller's market share. Previous studies have examined recent PV pricing trends over time and between markets (Davidson et al., 2015a; Davidson and Margolis 2015b; Nemet et al., 2016; Gillingham et al., 2014; Barbose and Darghouth 2015). While these studies of solar PV pricing are able to determine correlations between prices and market factors, they have not satisfactorily proven causation. Thus, to the best of our knowledge, there is little work to date that focuses on identifying the causal relationship between market structure and the prices paid by consumers. We use a unique dataset on third-party owned contract terms for the residential solar PV market in the San Diego Gas and Electricity service territory to better understand this relationship. Surprisingly, we find that firms charged higher prices in more competitive markets in our sample. The finding is robust across multiple definitions of firm concentration. There are at least two potential explanations for our findings. First, firms could be conducting entry deterrence strategies. It is possible that firms are acting in a non-competitive way and setting prices lower than they would be otherwise. Setting low prices that are below potential competitors' marginal costs could deter entrants and ensure a larger market share. Second, there could be a group of dominant firms (with a competitive fringe), and the dominant firms may occasionally engage in price wars. If this is true, prices should be lower in more concentrated markets during the price wars (Salinger, 1990). As the rooftop PV market continues to grow, market structure will remain a relevant policy issue in consideration of the potential for rooftop solar to contribute to de-carbonization efforts or other policy objectives. This paper adds to a growing emphasis on understanding supply-side factors in scaling up solar markets in the residential sector. Generally, solar markets have become more competitive over the same time period that solar technology costs decreased. While solar system hard costs have come down, our research suggests that total costs are more nuanced in early solar system TPO markets. Policymakers should consider these findings when designing markets, and have the data needed to make informed decisions.« less

Sex differences in traumatic events and psychiatric morbidity associated to probable posttraumatic stress disorder among Latino prisoners.

PubMed

Pérez-Pedrogo, Coralee; Martínez-Taboas, Alfonso; González, Rafael A; Caraballo, José N; Albizu-García, Carmen E

2018-04-14

Latinos comprised 17.1% of the U.S. population and 33.1% of US prisoners, yet they are underrepresented in the psychopathology literature. Despite higher rates of trauma among incarcerated individuals than in the general population, most of the previous research in this area focused primarily on women samples, and very few studies examined sex differences in PTSD and traumatic experiences. In addition, there is a need for research assessing traumatic experiences and probable PTSD in men and women Latino inmates to inform culturally competent care and sex sensitive care for this vulnerable and underserved population. Our study examined whether men and women Latino inmates with probable Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), based on the cut off 40 or more symptoms on the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS), differed significantly by the number of event types experienced, the type of potentially traumatizing event, and in co-occurring psychiatric conditions. A multi-stage sample design was used to select a probabilistic sample of 1,331 inmates from 26 penal institutions in PR of which 1179 participated in the study. Bivariate associations were calculated for each type of traumatic event and probable PTSD. Mean number of types of potentially traumatizing event experienced was comparable for both sexes (F = 3.83, M = 3.74) yet sex differences were found in the nature of the event. Women with probable PTSD had higher rates of experiencing rape and sexual abuse. Men had higher rates of experiencing combat in war, a life-threatening accident, of witnessing violence, and being threatened with a weapon. Men with significant ADHD symptoms in childhood and with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) during adulthood were almost 5 and 7 times as likely to score above threshold on the DTS whereas women were >3 times as likely in the presence of ADHD symptoms in childhood or depression during adulthood. This study underscores the need to improve understanding of the clinical manifestations of trauma and co-occurring psychiatric conditions for appropriate sex sensitive interventions targeting Latinos living in prisons. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Photodissociation of CS from Excited Rovibrational Levels

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pattillo, R. J.; Cieszewski, R.; Stancil, P. C.; Forrey, R. C.; Babb, J. F.; McCann, J. F.; McLaughlin, B. M.

2018-05-01

Accurate photodissociation cross sections have been computed for transitions from the X 1Σ+ ground electronic state of CS to six low-lying excited electronic states. New ab initio potential curves and transition dipole moment functions have been obtained for these computations using the multi-reference configuration interaction approach with the Davidson correction (MRCI+Q) and aug-cc-pV6Z basis sets. State-resolved cross sections have been computed for transitions from nearly the full range of rovibrational levels of the X 1Σ+ state and for photon wavelengths ranging from 500 Å to threshold. Destruction of CS via predissociation in highly excited electronic states originating from the rovibrational ground state is found to be unimportant. Photodissociation cross sections are presented for temperatures in the range between 1000 and 10,000 K, where a Boltzmann distribution of initial rovibrational levels is assumed. Applications of the current computations to various astrophysical environments are briefly discussed focusing on photodissociation rates due to the standard interstellar and blackbody radiation fields.

Normativity, interpretation, and Bayesian models.

PubMed

Oaksford, Mike

2014-01-01

It has been suggested that evaluative normativity should be expunged from the psychology of reasoning. A broadly Davidsonian response to these arguments is presented. It is suggested that two distinctions, between different types of rationality, are more permeable than this argument requires and that the fundamental objection is to selecting theories that make the most rational sense of the data. It is argued that this is inevitable consequence of radical interpretation where understanding others requires assuming they share our own norms of reasoning. This requires evaluative normativity and it is shown that when asked to evaluate others' arguments participants conform to rational Bayesian norms. It is suggested that logic and probability are not in competition and that the variety of norms is more limited than the arguments against evaluative normativity suppose. Moreover, the universality of belief ascription suggests that many of our norms are universal and hence evaluative. It is concluded that the union of evaluative normativity and descriptive psychology implicit in Davidson and apparent in the psychology of reasoning is a good thing.

Relative motions of fragments of the split comets. III - A test of splitting and comets with suspected multiple nuclei

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sekanina, Z.

1979-01-01

A quantitative test of splitting for comets with suspected multiple nuclei has been formulated using a model which assumes the motions of cometary fragments to be due primarily to outgassing. The model expresses the relative motion of the cometary fragments in terms of the time of splitting and the differential force, which are determined by measurements of the position angle and the separation distance between fragments. The test is applied to 18 comets suspected of having multiple nuclei, of which the comets Sawerthal 1888 I, Campbell 1914 IV, Whipple-Fedtke-Tevzadze 1943 I, Honda 1955 V, Wild 1968 III and Tago-Sato-Kosaka 1969 IX were found to be clear cases of split comets and Davidson 1889 IV and Periodic Giacobini 1896 V were judged to be likely candidates. At least three of the secondary nuclei confirmed can be classified as short-lived companions, while only two appear to be persistent.

Spectroscopic Analysis and Thomson Scattering Diagnostics of Wire Produced Plasma

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plechaty, Christopher; Sotnikov, Vladimir; Main, Daniel; Caplinger, James; Wallerstein, Austin; Kim, Tony

2014-10-01

The Lower Hybrid Drift Instability (LHDI) in plasma is driven by the presence of inhomogeneities in density, temperature, or magnetic field (Krall 1971, Davidson 1977), and occurs in systems where the electrons are magnetized and the ions are effectively unmagnetized. The LHDI is thought to occur in magnetic reconnection (Huba 1977), and has also been investigated as a mitigation technique which can allow for communications to take place through the plasma formed around hypersonic aircraft (Sotnikov 2010). To further understand the phenomenology of the LHDI, we plan to carry out experiments at the Air Force Research Laboratory, in the newly formed Plasma Physics Sensors Laboratory. In experiment, a pulsed power generator is employed to produce plasma by passing current through single, or dual-wire configurations. To characterize the plasma, a Thomson scattering diagnostic is employed, along with a visible spectroscopy diagnostic. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Defense by Riverside Research under Contract BAA-FA8650-13-C-1539.

Three-dimensional oxygen isotope imaging of convective fluid flow around the Big Bonanza, Comstock lode mining district, Nevada

USGS Publications Warehouse

Criss, R.E.; Singleton, M.J.; Champion, D.E.

2000-01-01

Oxygen isotope analyses of propylitized andesites from the Con Virginia and California mines allow construction of a detailed, three-dimensional image of the isotopic surfaces produced by the convective fluid flows that deposited the famous Big Bonanza orebody. On a set of intersecting maps and sections, the δ18O isopleths clearly show the intricate and conformable relationship of the orebody to a deep, ~500 m gyre of meteoric-hydrothermal fluid that circulated along and above the Comstock fault, near the contact of the Davidson Granodiorite. The core of this gyre (δ18O = 0 to 3.8‰) encompasses the bonanza and is almost totally surrounded by rocks having much lower δ18O values (–1.0 to –4.4‰). This deep gyre may represent a convective longitudinal roll superimposed on a large unicellular meteoric-hydrothermal system, producing a complex flow field with both radial and longitudinal components that is consistent with experimentally observed patterns of fluid convection in permeable media.

Healthy Cities: facilitating the active participation and empowerment of local people.

PubMed

Dooris, Mark; Heritage, Zoe

2013-10-01

Community participation and empowerment are key values underpinning the European WHO Healthy Cities initiative, now in its fifth phase. This paper provides a brief overview of the history, policy context, and theory relating to community participation and empowerment. Drawing on Phase IV evaluation data, it presents the findings in relation to the four quadrants of Davidson's Wheel of Participation--information, consultation, participation in decision making, and empowerment. The large majority of European Healthy Cities have mechanisms in place to provide information for and to consult with local people. Most also demonstrate a commitment to enabling community participation in decision-making and to empowering citizens. Within this context, the evaluation highlighted a diversity of approaches and revealed varied perspectives on how participation and empowerment can be integrated within city leadership and governance processes. The paper concludes by suggesting that there is a need to strengthen future evaluative research to better understand how and why the Healthy Cities approach makes a difference.

Comparative behavioral toxicity of four sulfhydryl radioprotective compounds in mice: Wr2721, cysteamine, diethyldithiocarbamate, and n-acetylcysteine

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Landauer, M.R.; Davis, H.D.; Dominitz, J.A.

1988-01-01

A number of sulfhydryl compounds have been shown to protect against ionizing radiation. One of the most effective radioprotectors is S-2(3-aminopropylamino)ethylphosphorothioic acid, also known aas ethiofos, gammaphos, or WR-2721 (Davidson, 1980; Giambarresi and Jacobs, 1987). This drug is currently under clinical investigation for its potential in protecting normal tissue during radiation treatment and chemotherapy (Blumberg et al., 1982; Glover et al., 1988; Yuhas et al., 1980). B-Mercaptoethylamine (MEA, cysteamine) was for years the standard against which the effectiveness of other radioprotectors was judged, but is more toxic than WR-2721 (Giambarresi and Jacobs, 1987). Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) are othermore » compounds shown to have radioprotective properties (Milas et al., 1988; Weiss et al., 1984). Studies in a variety of animal species have shown significant behavioral toxicity after administration of WR-2721 (Bogo et al., 1985; Bogo, 1988; Landauer et al., 1987b, 1988).« less

Self-Rated Mental Health: Screening for Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Women Exposed to Perinatal Intimate Partner Violence.

PubMed

Kastello, Jennifer C; Jacobsen, Kathryn H; Gaffney, Kathleen F; Kodadek, Marie P; Bullock, Linda C; Sharps, Phyllis W

2015-11-01

The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the validity of a single-item, self-rated mental health (SRMH) measure in the identification of women at risk for depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Baseline data of 239 low-income women participating in an intimate partner violence (IPV) intervention study were analyzed. PTSD was measured with the Davidson Trauma Scale. Risk for depression was determined using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. SRMH was assessed with a single item asking participants to rate their mental health at the time of the baseline interview. Single-item measures can be an efficient way to increase the proportion of patients screened for mental health disorders. Although SRMH is not a strong indicator of PTSD, it may be useful in identifying pregnant women who are at increased risk for depression and need further comprehensive assessment in the clinical setting. Future research examining the use of SRMH among high-risk populations is needed. Copyright 2015, SLACK Incorporated.

The role of defense mechanisms in borderline and antisocial personalities.

PubMed

Presniak, Michelle D; Olson, Trevor R; Macgregor, Michael Wm

2010-03-01

We examined whether borderline personality disorder (BPD) and antisocial personality disorder (APD) could be differentiated based on defense mechanisms as measured by observer (Defense-Q; MacGregor, Olson, Presniak, & Davidson, 2008) and self-report (Defense Style Questionnaire; Andrews, Singh, & Bond, 1993) measures. We conducted 2 studies whereby nonclinical participants were divided into borderline and antisocial groups based on scores from the Personality Assessment Inventory (Morey, 1991). Multivariate analysis of variance results revealed significant overall group differences in defense use. Univariate analyses further showed group differences on several individual defenses (e.g., acting out, denial, and turning against self). Together, the findings suggest that in BPD, the defenses may emphasize interpersonal dependency and a tendency to direct aggression toward the self; whereas in APD, the defenses may emphasize egocentricity, interpersonal exploitation, and a tendency to direct aggression toward others. Overall, this study demonstrates important differences in defense use between borderline and antisocial personality groups across both observer and self-report measures.

Dielectric relaxation of 1,2,6-hexanetriol at frequencies from 1 mHz to 10 MHz and at pressures to 1 GPa

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Forsman, Hans

The complex permittivity of supercooled 1,2,6-hexanetriol has been studied at frequencies from 1 mHz to 10 MHz at pressures up to 1 GPa and at the temperatures 238 K, 248 K and 258 K. The dielectric loss peak is significantly broadened with increasing pressure. A numerical fitting routine has been developed to analyse the results in terms of the Dissado and Hill (DH) cooperative cluster model for relaxation. The peak broadening is explicitly expressed by the shape parameters of the DH theory which are associated with a change in correlation between neighbouring molecules. The relaxation results are also analysed using the Davidson and Cole function. The results of 1,2,6-hexanetriol at high pressure are compared with corresponding data for glycerol. It is found that 1,2,6-hexanetriol exhibits a higher degree of cooperative relaxation according to the DH theory, has a lower static dielectric susceptibility and has a longer characteristic relaxation time than glycerol.

Lesions of the amygdala central nucleus abolish lipoprivic-enhanced responding during oil-predicting conditioned stimuli.

PubMed

Benoit, S C; Morell, J R; Davidson, T L

1999-12-01

T. L. Davidson, A. M. Altizer, S. C. Benoit, E. K. Walls, and T. L. Powley (1997) reported that rats show facilitated responding to conditioned stimuli (CSs) that predict oil, after administration of the lipoprivic agent, Na-2-mercaptoacetate (MA). This facilitation was blocked by vagal deafferentation. The present article extends that investigation to another structure, the amygdala central nucleus (CN). The CN receives inputs from dorsal vagal nuclei, and neurotoxic lesions of this nucleus are reported to abolish feeding in response to lipoprivic challenges. In Experiment 1, rats with ibotenic acid (IBO) lesions of the CN failed to show enhanced appetitive responding during oil-predicting CSs after administration of MA. Experiment 2 used a conditioned taste-aversion procedure to establish that rats with IBO lesions of the CN were able to discriminate the tastes of sucrose and peanut oil and had intact CS-US representations. It is concluded that the amygdala CN is a necessary structure for the detection of lipoprivic challenges.

The World Report on Disability in relation to the development of speech-language pathology in Viet Nam.

PubMed

Atherton, Marie; Dung, Nguyễn Thị Ngọc; Nhân, Võ Hoàng

2013-02-01

Wylie, McAllister, Davidson, and Marshall (2013) argue that recommendations made within the World Report on Disability provide an opportunity for speech-language pathologists to consider new ways of developing services for people with communication and swallowing disorders. They propose that current approaches to the delivery of speech-language pathology services are largely embedded within the medical model of impairment, thereby limiting the ability of services to meet the needs of people in a holistic manner. In this paper, the criticality of selecting an appropriate service delivery model is discussed within the context of a recently established post-graduate speech therapy education programme in Viet Nam. Driving forces for the implementation of the program will be explored, as will the factors that determined the choice of service delivery. Opportunities and challenges to the long-term viability of the program and the program's potential to meet the needs of persons with communication and swallowing disorders in Viet Nam will be considered.

Assessment of time-dependent density functional theory with the restricted excitation space approximation for excited state calculations of large systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hanson-Heine, Magnus W. D.; George, Michael W.; Besley, Nicholas A.

2018-06-01

The restricted excitation subspace approximation is explored as a basis to reduce the memory storage required in linear response time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations within the Tamm-Dancoff approximation. It is shown that excluding the core orbitals and up to 70% of the virtual orbitals in the construction of the excitation subspace does not result in significant changes in computed UV/vis spectra for large molecules. The reduced size of the excitation subspace greatly reduces the size of the subspace vectors that need to be stored when using the Davidson procedure to determine the eigenvalues of the TDDFT equations. Furthermore, additional screening of the two-electron integrals in combination with a reduction in the size of the numerical integration grid used in the TDDFT calculation leads to significant computational savings. The use of these approximations represents a simple approach to extend TDDFT to the study of large systems and make the calculations increasingly tractable using modest computing resources.

Spectroscopic parameters, vibrational levels, transition dipole moments and transition probabilities of the 9 low-lying states of the NCl+ cation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yin, Yuan; Shi, Deheng; Sun, Jinfeng; Zhu, Zunlue

2018-03-01

This work calculates the potential energy curves of 9 Λ-S and 28 Ω states of the NCl+ cation. The technique employed is the complete active space self-consistent field method, which is followed by the internally contracted multireference configuration interaction approach with the Davidson correction. The Λ-S states are X2Π, 12Σ+, 14Π, 14Σ+, 14Σ-, 24Π, 14Δ, 16Σ+, and 16Π, which are yielded from the first two dissociation channels of NCl+ cation. The Ω states are generated from these Λ-S states. The 14Π, 14Δ, 16Σ+, and 16Π states are inverted with the spin-orbit coupling effect included. The 14Σ+, 16Σ+, and 16Π states are very weakly bound, whose well depths are only several-hundred cm- 1. One avoided crossing of PECs occurs between the 12Σ+ and 22Σ+ states. To improve the quality of potential energy curves, core-valence correlation and scalar relativistic corrections are included. The potential energies are extrapolated to the complete basis set limit. The spectroscopic parameters and vibrational levels are calculated. The transition dipole moments are computed. The Franck-Condon factors, Einstein coefficients, and radiative lifetimes of many transitions are determined. The spectroscopic approaches are proposed for observing these states according to the transition probabilities. The spin-orbit coupling effect on the spectroscopic and vibrational properties is evaluated. The spectroscopic parameters, vibrational levels, transition dipole moments, as well as transition probabilities reported in this paper could be considered to be very reliable.

Perturbative Particle Simulation for an Intense Ion Beam in a Periodic Quadrupole Focusing Field

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, W. W.

1996-11-01

footnotetext[1]This work is supported the DOE contract DE-AC02-76-CHO-3073. footnotetext[2]In collaboration with Q. Qian and R. C. Davidson, PPPL. Stability and transport properties of an intense ion beam propagating through an alternating-gradient quadrupole focusing field with initial Kapchinskij-Vladimirskij (KV) distribution(I. M. Kapchinksij and V. V. Vladimirskj, Proceedings of the International Conference on High Energy Accelerators and Instrumentation (CERN Geneva, 1959), p. 274.) are studied using newly-developed perturbative particle simulation techniques. Specifically, two different schemes have been investigated: the first is based on the δ f scheme originally developed for tokamak plasmas,(A. Dimits and W. W. Lee, J. Comput. Phys. 107), 309 (1993); S. Parker and W. W. Lee, Phys. Fluids B 5, 77 (1993). and the other is related to the linearized trajectory scheme.(J. Byers, Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Numerical Simulation of Plasmas, (NRL, Washington D.C., 1970),p.496.) While the former is useful for both linear and nonlinear simulations, the latter can be used for benchmark purpose. Stability properties and associated mode structures are investigated over a wide range of beam current and focusing field strength. The new schemes are found to be highly effective in describing detailed properties of beam stability and propagation over long distances. For example, a stable KV beam can indeed propagate over hundreds of lattice period in the simulation with negligible growth. On the other hand, in the unstable region when the beam current is sufficiently high,(I. Hoffman, L. Laslett, L. Smith, and I. Haber, Particle Accelerators 13), 145 (1983). large-amplitude density perturbations with (δ n)_max/hatn0 ~ 1 with low azimuthal harmonic numbers, concentrated near the beam surface, are observed. The corresponding mode structures are of Gaussian shape in the radial direction. The physics of nonlinear saturation and emittance growth will be discussed. The schemes can also be applied to other choices of injected distribution function. It is also intended to use them to study issues such as halo formation, stochasticity, charge homogenization, entropy production and collisionless dissipation. These are critical physics problems in heavy ion fusion and other related fields, that rely on high-brightness and high-current ion beams to deliver high power to the target.(E. P. Lee and J. Hovingh, Fusion Technology 15), 369 (1989). Some of these issues were the focus of a recent investigation.(Q. Qian, R. C. Davidson, and C. Chen, Phys. Plasmas 1), 2674 (1995).

The role of personal resilience and personality traits of healthcare students on their attitudes towards interprofessional collaboration.

PubMed

Avrech Bar, Michal; Katz Leurer, Michal; Warshawski, Sigalit; Itzhaki, Michal

2018-02-01

Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) improves communication between healthcare workers and healthcare delivery. Interprofessional education (IPE) is essential in preparing healthcare students for cooperating with other healthcare disciplines in a real work setting. Although higher education settings have a responsibility to provide collaborative healthcare practice to students, IPE has not yet been prompted worldwide as a formal division in health professional education and in Israel IPE among health professions students is scarce. To examine the attitudes of health professions students towards IPC in correlation with their personal resilience and personality traits. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Participants were fourth year nursing, occupational therapy (OT), and physical therapy students studying in an academic undergraduate program at a School of Health Professions in a central university in Israel. Attitudes were assessed with a questionnaire consisting of the Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the Big Five Inventory of personality dimensions, and a question evaluating students' experience with the PBL (Problem-Based Learning) method. Questionnaires were completed by 184 health professions students. Nursing students' perception of actual cooperation with other professions and their perceived competency and autonomy in their profession were slightly lower than those of other students. Among nursing students, positive correlations were found between competency & autonomy and resilience (p<0.01) and between competency & autonomy and agreeableness (p<0.05). Positive correlations were also found between their perception of actual cooperation with other professions and: resilience (p<0.01), agreeableness (p<0.05), conscientiousness (p<0.05), and openness (p<0.05). Only OT students were familiar with and experienced in the PBL method. This experience with PBL was found correlated with more positive attitudes towards competency and autonomy in the profession and higher positive perception of actual cooperation with other professions. IPE, including PBL, should be integrated in health professions students' training. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Ab initio coupled-cluster and multi-reference configuration interaction studies of the low-lying electronic states of 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetraone

DOE PAGES

Hansen, Jared A.; Bauman, Nicholas P.; Shen, Jun; ...

2015-12-09

In this paper, the four, closely spaced, lowest energy electronic states of the challenging, D 4h-symmetric, 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetraone (C 4O 4) molecule have been investigated using high-level ab initio methods. The calculated states include the closed-shell singlet 8π( 1A 1g) state, the singlet 10π( 1A 1g) state, in which the π-type lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the 8π( 1A 1g) reference is doubly occupied and the σ-type highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) is empty, and the open-shell singlet and triplet states, designated as 9π( 1B 2u) and 9π( 3B 2u), respectively, originating from single occupancy of the HOMO and LUMO.more » Our focus is on single-reference coupled-cluster (CC) approaches capable of handling electronic near-degeneracies in diradicals, especially the completely renormalised CR-CC(2,3) and active-space CCSDt methods, along with their CCSD and EOMCCSD counterparts. The internally contracted multi-reference configuration interaction calculations with a quasi-degenerate Davidson correction are performed as well. Our computations demonstrate that the state ordering is 9π( 3B 2u) < 8π( 1A 1g) < 9π( 1B 2u) < 10π( 1A 1g) and that the 8π( 1A 1g) - 9π( 3B 2u) gap is in the 7–11 kJ/mol range, in reasonable agreement with the negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, which give 6.27 ± 0.5 kJ/mol. Finally, in addition to the theory level used, geometry relaxation and basis set play a significant role in determining the state ordering and energy spacings. In particular, it is unsafe to use lower level, non-CC geometries and smaller basis sets.« less

Relationships between Motor and Executive Functions and the Effect of an Acute Coordinative Intervention on Executive Functions in Kindergartners

PubMed Central

Stein, Marion; Auerswald, Max; Ebersbach, Mirjam

2017-01-01

There is growing evidence indicating positive, causal effects of acute physical activity on cognitive performance of school children, adolescents, and adults. However, only a few studies examined these effects in kindergartners, even though correlational studies suggest moderate relationships between motor and cognitive functions in this age group. One aim of the present study was to examine the correlational relationships between motor and executive functions among 5- to 6-year-olds. Another aim was to test whether an acute coordinative intervention, which was adapted to the individual motor functions of the children, causally affected different executive functions (i.e., motor inhibition, cognitive inhibition, and shifting). Kindergartners (N = 102) were randomly assigned either to a coordinative intervention (20 min) or to a control condition (20 min). The coordination group performed five bimanual exercises (e.g., throwing/kicking balls onto targets with the right and left hand/foot), whereas the control group took part in five simple activities that hardly involved coordination skills (e.g., stamping). Children’s motor functions were assessed with the Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2 (Petermann, 2009) in a pre-test (T1), 1 week before the intervention took place. Motor inhibition was assessed with the Simon says task (Carlson and Wang, 2007), inhibition and shifting were assessed with the Hearts and Flowers task (Davidson et al., 2006) in the pre-test and again in a post-test (T2) immediately after the interventions. Results revealed significant correlations between motor functions and executive functions (especially shifting) at T1. There was no overall effect of the intervention. However, explorative analyses indicated a three-way interaction, with the intervention leading to accuracy gains only in the motor inhibition task and only if it was tested directly after the intervention. As an unexpected effect, this result needs to be treated with caution but may indicate that the effect of acute coordinative exercise is temporally limited and emerges only for motor inhibition, but not for cognitive inhibition or shifting. More generally, in contrast to other studies including older participants and endurance exercises, no general effect of an acute coordinative intervention on executive functions was revealed for kindergartners. PMID:28611709

Tracing crustal contamination along the Java segment of the Sunda Arc, Indonesia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jolis, E. M.; Troll, V.; Deegan, F.; Blythe, L.; Harris, C.; Freda, C.; Hilton, D.; Chadwick, J.; Van Helden, M.

2012-04-01

Arc magmas typically display chemical and petrographic characteristics indicative of crustal input. Crustal contamination can take place either in the mantle source region or as magma traverses the upper crust (e.g. [1]). While source contamination is generally considered the dominant process (e.g. [2]), late-stage crustal contamination has been recognised at volcanic arcs too (e.g. [3]). In light of this, we aim to test the extent of upper crustal versus source contamination along the Java segment of the Sunda arc, which, due its variable upper crustal structure, is an exemplary natural laboratory. We present a detailed geochemical study of 7 volcanoes along a traverse from Anak-Krakatau in the Sunda strait through Java and Bali, to characterise the impact of the overlying crust on arc magma composition. Using rock and mineral elemental geochemistry, radiogenic (Sr, Nd and Pb) and, stable (O) isotopes, we show a correlation between upper crustal composition and the degree of upper crustal contamination. We find an increase in 87Sr/86Sr and δ18O values, and a decrease in 143Nd/144Nd values from Krakatau towards Merapi, indicating substantial crustal input from the thick continental basement present. Volcanoes to the east of Merapi and the Progo-Muria fault transition zone, where the upper crust is thinner, in turn, show considerably less crustal input in their isotopic signatures, indicating a stronger influence of the mantle source. Our new data represent a systematic and high-resolution arc-wide sampling effort that allows us to distinguish the effects of the upper crust on the compositional spectrum of individual volcanic systems along the Sunda arc. [1] Davidson, J.P, Hora, J.M, Garrison, J.M & Dungan, M.A 2005. Crustal Forensics in Arc Magmas. J. Geotherm. Res. 140, 157-170; [2] Debaille, V., Doucelance, R., Weis, D., & Schiano, P. 2005. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 70,723-741; [3] Gasparon, M., Hilton, D.R., & Varne, R. 1994. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 126, 15-22.

Validation of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale among Korean Adolescents.

PubMed

Heo, Eun-Hye; Choi, Kyeong-Sook; Yu, Je-Chun; Nam, Ji-Ae

2018-02-01

The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is designed to measure the current level of depressive symptomatology in the general population. However, no review has examined whether the scale is reliable and valid among children and adolescents in Korea. The purpose of this study was to test whether the Korean form of the CES-D is valid in adolescents. Data were obtained from 1,884 adolescents attending grades 1-3 in Korean middle schools. Reliability was evaluated by internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha). Concurrent validity was evaluated by a correlation analysis between the CES-D and other scales. Construct validity was evaluated by exploratory factor and confirmatory factor analyses. The internal consistency coefficient for the entire group was 0.88. The CES-D was positively correlated with scales that measure negative psychological constructs, such as the State Anxiety Inventory for Children, the Korean Social Anxiety Scale for Children and Adolescents, and the Reynold Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire, but it was negatively correlated with scales that measure positive psychological constructs, such as the Korean version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-2. The CES-D was examined by three-dimensional exploratory factor analysis, and the three-factor structure of the scale explained 53.165% of the total variance. The variance explained by factor I was 24.836%, that explained by factor II was 15.988%, and that explained by factor III was 12.341%. The construct validity of the CES-D was tested by confirmatory factor analysis, and we applied the entire group's data using a three-factor hierarchical model. The fit index showed a level similar to those of other countries' adolescent samples. The CES-D has high internal consistency and addresses psychological constructs similar to those addressed by other scales. The CES-D showed a three-factor structure in an exploratory factor analysis. The present findings suggest that the CES-D is a useful and reliable tool for measuring depression in Korean adolescents.

Assessing stress, protective factors and psychological well-being among undergraduate nursing students.

PubMed

He, Flora Xuhua; Turnbull, Bev; Kirshbaum, Marilynne N; Phillips, Brian; Klainin-Yobas, Piyanee

2018-05-25

This study sought to examine predictors of psychological well-being (PWB) among nursing students at an Australian regional university. The study postulated that: stress would have a negative effect on PWB; internal factors such as self-efficacy, resilience and mindfulness would have a positive effect on PWB and, external factors like social support would have a positive effect on PWB. A cross sectional descriptive predictive model was used to test the study hypotheses. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants at an Australian regional university with non-traditional nursing cohorts and where the curriculum is predominantly taught on-line. Six validated scales (The Perceived Stress Scale; General Self-Efficacy Scale; Connor Davidson Resilience Scale; Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support; Psychological Wellbeing Scale, Mindfulness Awareness Scale) and a demographic inventory were administered as an online survey. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the internal and external factors to predict the participants' PWB. Of the 1760 invitations distributed, 657 responses were returned; however, because some were found to be significantly incomplete, 538 responses only were used for the data analysis. Demographics illustrated the characteristics of a non-traditional cohort that was female dominated. All three hypotheses were supported. An unexpected finding was that while it might be anticipated that non-traditional cohorts will have stronger coping skills due to life experiences, this should not be assumed. We found that our participants had higher stress scores and lower psychological wellbeing, compared to the younger groups (nursing or health allied) reported in previous studies. It was perhaps due to their difficulties in juggling responsibilities between study, work and family and the nature of studying externally online. This study represents only a snapshot in time but emphasises the need for specific curriculum preparation to promote positive coping strategies. In this way, new graduates may be better prepared to engage with complex, demanding and ever-changing work environments across the globe. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

A novel conceptual framework for understanding the mechanism of adherence to long term therapies

PubMed Central

Reach, Gérard

2008-01-01

The World Health Organization claimed recently that improving patient adherence to long term therapies would be more beneficial than any biomedical progress. First, however, we must understand its mechanisms. In this paper I propose a novel approach using concepts elaborated in a field rarely explored in medicine, the philosophy of mind. While conventional psychological models (eg, the Health Belief Model) provide explanations and predictions which have only a statistical value, the philosophical assumption that mental states (eg, beliefs) are causally efficient (mental causation) can provide the basis for a causal theory of health behaviors. This paper shows that nonadherence to long term therapies can be described as the medical expression of a philosophical concept, that is, weakness of will. I use philosophical explanations of this concept to suggest a mechanistic explanation of nonadherence. I propose that it results from the failure of two principles of rationality. First, a principle of continence, described by the philosopher Donald Davidson in his explanation of weakness of will. This principle exhorts us to act after having considered all available arguments and according to which option we consider best. However, patients conforming to this principle of continence should rationally be nonadherent. Indeed, when patients face a choice between adherence and nonadherence, they must decide, in general, between a large, but delayed reward (eg, health) and a small, but immediate reward (eg, smoking a cigarette). According to concepts elaborated by George Ainslie and Jon Elster, the force of our desires is strongly influenced by the proximity of reward. This inter-temporal choice theory on one hand, and the mere principle of continence on the other, should therefore lead to nonadherence. Nevertheless, adherence to long term therapies is possible, as a result of the intervention of an additional principle, the principle of foresight, which tells us to give priority to mental states oriented towards the future. PMID:19920939

Mutuality and the social regulation of neural threat responding

PubMed Central

Coan, James A.; Kasle, Shelley; Jackson, Alice; Schaefer, Hillary S.; Davidson, Richard J.

2014-01-01

Recent studies have shown that the presence of a caring relational partner can attenuate neural responses to threat. Here we report reanalyzed data from Coan, Schaefer, and Davidson (2006), investigating the role of relational mutuality in the neural response to threat. Mutuality reflects the degree to which couple members show mutual interest in the sharing of internal feelings, thoughts, aspirations, and joys – a vital form of responsiveness in attachment relationships. We predicted that wives who were high (versus low) in perceived mutuality, and who attended the study session with their husbands, would show reduced neural threat reactivity in response to mild electric shocks. We also explored whether this effect would depend on physical contact (handholding). As predicted, we observed that higher mutuality scores corresponded with decreased neural threat responding in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and supplementary motor cortex. These effects were independent of hand-holding condition. These findings suggest that higher perceived mutuality corresponds with decreased self-regulatory effort and attenuated preparatory motor activity in response to threat cues, even in the absence of direct physical contact with social resources. PMID:23547803

Efficient block preconditioned eigensolvers for linear response time-dependent density functional theory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vecharynski, Eugene; Brabec, Jiri; Shao, Meiyue

We present two efficient iterative algorithms for solving the linear response eigen- value problem arising from the time dependent density functional theory. Although the matrix to be diagonalized is nonsymmetric, it has a special structure that can be exploited to save both memory and floating point operations. In particular, the nonsymmetric eigenvalue problem can be transformed into a product eigenvalue problem that is self-adjoint with respect to a K-inner product. This product eigenvalue problem can be solved efficiently by a modified Davidson algorithm and a modified locally optimal block preconditioned conjugate gradient (LOBPCG) algorithm that make use of the K-innermore » product. The solution of the product eigenvalue problem yields one component of the eigenvector associated with the original eigenvalue problem. However, the other component of the eigenvector can be easily recovered in a postprocessing procedure. Therefore, the algorithms we present here are more efficient than existing algorithms that try to approximate both components of the eigenvectors simultaneously. The efficiency of the new algorithms is demonstrated by numerical examples.« less

Developing air quality forecasts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Pius; Saylor, Rick; Meagher, James

2012-05-01

Third International Workshop on Air Quality Forecasting Research; Potomac, Maryland, 29 November to 1 December 2011 Elevated concentrations of both near-surface ozone (O3) and fine particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers in diameter have been implicated in increased mortality and other human health impacts. In light of these known influences on human health, many governments around the world have instituted air quality forecasting systems to provide their citizens with advance warning of impending poor air quality so that they can take actions to limit exposure. In an effort to improve the performance of air quality forecasting systems and provide a forum for the exchange of the latest research in air quality modeling, the International Workshop on Air Quality Forecasting Research (IWAQFR) was established in 2009 and is cosponsored by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Environment Canada (EC), and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The steering committee for IWAQFR's establishment was composed of Véronique Bouchet, Mike Howe, and Craig Stoud (EC); Greg Carmichael (University of Iowa); Paula Davidson and Jim Meagher (NOAA); and Liisa Jalkanen (WMO). The most recent workshop took place in Maryland.

How do classical particle-field systems become unstable? - The last physics problem that Ronald Davidson studied

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qin, Hong

2016-10-01

Many of the classical particle-field systems in (neutral and nonneutral) plasma physics and accelerator physics become unstable when the system parameters vary. How do these instabilities happen? It turns out, very interestingly, that all conservative systems become unstable by the same mechanism, i.e, the resonance between a positive- and a negative-action modes. And this is the only route that a stable system can become unstable. In this talk, I will use several examples in plasma physics and accelerator physics with finite and infinite degrees of freedom to illustrate the basic physical picture and the rigorous theoretical structure of the process. The features at the transition between stable and unstable regions in the parameter space are the fundamental characteristics of the underlying real Hamiltonian system and complex G-Hamiltonian system. The resonance between a positive- and a negative-action modes at the transition is the Krein collision well-known to mathematicians. Research supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-09CH11466).

A Pilot Study of Neurofeedback for Chronic PTSD.

PubMed

Gapen, Mark; van der Kolk, Bessel A; Hamlin, Ed; Hirshberg, Laurence; Suvak, Michael; Spinazzola, Joseph

2016-09-01

EEG Biofeedback (also known as neurofeedback) has been in use as a clinical intervention for well over 30 years; however, it has made very little impact on clinical care. One reason for this has been the difficulty in designing research to measure clinical change in the real world. While substantial evidence exists for its efficacy in treating attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, relatively little evidence exists for its utility in other disorders including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The current study represents a "proof-of-concept" pilot for the use of neurofeedback with multiply-traumatized individuals with treatment-resistant PTSD. Participants completed 40 sessions of neurofeedback training two times per week with sensors randomly assigned (by the study coordinator, who was not blind to condition) to sensor placements of either T4-P4 or T3-T4. We found that neurofeedback significantly reduced PTSD symptoms (Davidson Trauma Scale scores averaged 69.14 at baseline to 49.26 at termination), and preceded gains in affect regulation (Inventory of Altered Self-Capacities-Affect Dysregulation scores averaged 23.63 at baseline to 17.20 at termination). We discuss a roadmap for future research.

Ab initio investigation of sulfur monofluoride and its singly charged cation and anion in their ground electronic state

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Song, Li; Shan-Jun, Chen; Yan, Chen; Peng, Chen

2016-03-01

The SF radical and its singly charged cation and anion, SF+ and SF-, have been investigated on the MRCI/aug-cc-pVXZ (X = Q, 5, 6) levels of theory with Davidson correction. Both the core-valence correlation and the relativistic effect are considered. The extrapolating to the complete basis set (CBS) limit is adopted to remove the basis set truncation error. Geometrical parameters, potential energy curves (PECs), vibrational energy levels, spectroscopic constants, ionization potentials, and electron affinities of the ground electronic state for all these species are obtained. The information with respect to molecular characteristics of the SFn (n = -1, 0, +1) systems derived in this work will help to extend our knowledge and to guide further experimental or theoretical researches. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11304023 and 11447172), the Young and Middle-Aged Talent of Education Burea of Hubei Province, China (Grant No. Q20151307), and the Yangtze Youth Talents Fund of Yangtze University, China (Grant No. 2015cqr21).

Longitudinal Examination of Resilience After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study.

PubMed

Marwitz, Jennifer H; Sima, Adam P; Kreutzer, Jeffrey S; Dreer, Laura E; Bergquist, Thomas F; Zafonte, Ross; Johnson-Greene, Douglas; Felix, Elizabeth R

2018-02-01

To evaluate (1) the trajectory of resilience during the first year after a moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI); (2) factors associated with resilience at 3, 6, and 12 months postinjury; and (3) changing relationships over time between resilience and other factors. Longitudinal analysis of an observational cohort. Five inpatient rehabilitation centers. Patients with TBI (N=195) enrolled in the resilience module of the TBI Model Systems study with data collected at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. Not applicable. Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Initially, resilience levels appeared to be stable during the first year postinjury. Individual growth curve models were used to examine resilience over time in relation to demographic, psychosocial, and injury characteristics. After adjusting for these characteristics, resilience actually declined over time. Higher levels of resilience were related to nonminority status, absence of preinjury substance abuse, lower anxiety and disability level, and greater life satisfaction. Resilience is a construct that is relevant to understanding brain injury outcomes and has potential value in planning clinical interventions. Copyright © 2017 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Principal sources and dispersal patterns of suspended particulate matter in nearshore surface waters of the northeast Pacific Ocean and the Hawaiian Islands

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carlson, P. R. (Principal Investigator); Conomos, T. J.; Janda, R. J.; Peterson, D. H.

1973-01-01

The author has identified the following significant results. ERTS-1 multispectral scanner imagery of the nearshore surface waters of the Northeast Pacific Ocean is proving to be a useful tool for determining source and dispersal of suspended particulate matter. The principal sources of the turbid water, seen best on the green and red bands, are river and stream effluents and actively eroding coastlines; secondary sources are waste effluents and production of planktonic organisms, but these may sometimes be masked by the very turbid plumes of suspended sediment being discharged into the nearshore zone during times of high river discharge. The configuration and distribution of the plumes of turbid water also can be used to infer near-surface current directions. Comparison of imagery of the nearshore water off the northern California coast from October 1972 and January 1973 shows a reversal of the near-surface currents, from predominantly south-setting in the fall (California Current) to north-setting in the winter (Davidson Current).

Themes from a NASA workshop on gene regulatory processes in development and evolution

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Davidson, E. H.; Ruvkun, G.; Davidowicz, L. (Principal Investigator)

1999-01-01

A memorable workshop, focused on causal mechanisms in metazoan evolution and sponsored by NASA, was held in early June 1998, at MBL. The workshop was organized by Mike Levine and Eric H. Davidson, and it included the PI and associates from 12 different laboratories, a total of about 30 people. Each laboratory had about two and one half hours in which to represent its recent research and cast up its current ideas for an often intense discussion. In the following we have tried to enunciate some of the major themes that emerged, and to reflect on their implications. The opinions voiced are our own. We would like to tender apologies over those contributions we have not been able to include, but this is not, strictly speaking, a meeting review. Rather we have focused on those topics that bear more directly on evolutionary mechanisms, and have therefore slighted some presentations (including some of our own), that were oriented mainly toward developmental processes. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol. ) 285:104-115, 1999. Copyright 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

A projected preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm for computing many extreme eigenpairs of a Hermitian matrix [A projected preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm for computing a large eigenspace of a Hermitian matrix

DOE PAGES

Vecharynski, Eugene; Yang, Chao; Pask, John E.

2015-02-25

Here, we present an iterative algorithm for computing an invariant subspace associated with the algebraically smallest eigenvalues of a large sparse or structured Hermitian matrix A. We are interested in the case in which the dimension of the invariant subspace is large (e.g., over several hundreds or thousands) even though it may still be small relative to the dimension of A. These problems arise from, for example, density functional theory (DFT) based electronic structure calculations for complex materials. The key feature of our algorithm is that it performs fewer Rayleigh–Ritz calculations compared to existing algorithms such as the locally optimalmore » block preconditioned conjugate gradient or the Davidson algorithm. It is a block algorithm, and hence can take advantage of efficient BLAS3 operations and be implemented with multiple levels of concurrency. We discuss a number of practical issues that must be addressed in order to implement the algorithm efficiently on a high performance computer.« less

Spin-Orbit Effect on the Molecular Properties of TeXn (X = F, Cl, Br, and I; n = 1, 2, and 4): A Density Functional Theory and Ab Initio Study.

PubMed

Moon, Jiwon; Kim, Joonghan

2016-09-29

Density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio calculations, including spin-orbit coupling (SOC), were performed to investigate the spin-orbit (SO) effect on the molecular properties of tellurium halides, TeXn (X = F, Cl, Br, and I; n = 1, 2, and 4). SOC elongates the Te-X bond and slightly reduces the vibrational frequencies. Consideration of SOC leads to better agreement with experimental values. Møller-Plesset second-order perturbation theory (MP2) seriously underestimates the Te-X bond lengths. In contrast, B3LYP significantly overestimates them. SO-PBE0 and multireference configuration interactions with the Davidson correction (MRCI+Q), which include SOC via a state-interaction approach, give the Te-I bond length of TeI2 that matches the experimental value. On the basis of the calculated thermochemical energy and optimized molecular structure, TeI4 is unlikely to be stable. The use of PBE0 including SOC is strongly recommended for predicting the molecular properties of Te-containing compounds.

The effect of relationship status on communicating emotions through touch.

PubMed

Thompson, Erin H; Hampton, James A

2011-02-01

Research into emotional communication to date has largely focused on facial and vocal expressions. In contrast, recent studies by Hertenstein, Keltner, App, Bulleit, and Jaskolka (2006) and Hertenstein, Holmes, McCullough, and Keltner (2009) exploring nonverbal communication of emotion discovered that people could identify anger, disgust, fear, gratitude, happiness, love, sadness and sympathy from the experience of being touched on either the arm or body by a stranger, without seeing the touch. The study showed that strangers were unable to communicate the self-focused emotions embarrassment, envy and pride, or the universal emotion surprise. Literature relating to touch indicates that the interpretation of a tactile experience is significantly influenced by the relationship between the touchers (Coan, Schaefer, & Davidson, 2006). The present study compared the ability of romantic couples and strangers to communicate emotions solely via touch. Results showed that both strangers and romantic couples were able to communicate universal and prosocial emotions, whereas only romantic couples were able to communicate the self-focused emotions envy and pride. © 2010 Psychology Press, an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business

FIRST LEGO League Kickoff

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2007-01-01

Randall Hicks (right), Jacobs Technology's Education Services manager at NASA John C. Stennis Space Center, answers questions about the playing field for FIRST (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology) LEGO League's 2007 Challenge, `Power Puzzle.' More than 140 teachers, mentors, parents and students from 15 schools attended the Sept. 15 FLL season kickoff at StenniSphere, the visitor center at SSC. The teams from southern and central Mississippi and Mobile, Ala., who came to SSC heard rules for and asked questions about `Power Puzzle,' and saw robot demonstrations by Gulfport and Picayune high schools' past FIRST Robotics competitions. Using LEGO Mindstorms NXT kits, FLL teams of children ages 9-14 will spend the next three months building and programming robots to perform 'Power Puzzle's' challenge tasks, then pit them in competitions. They also will submit a research project about how energy choices impact the environment and the economy. The season will culminate at the Mississippi Championship Tournament on Dec. 8 at the Mississippi Gulf Coast Community College. FLL, considered the `little league' of the FIRST Robotics Competition, partners FIRST and the LEGO Group. Competitions aim to inspire and celebrate science and technology using real-world context and hands-on experimentation. NASA recognizes FIRST activities as an excellent hands-on method to increase student knowledge of science, engineering, technology and mathematics. Schools represented in this year's kickoff were: Madison Avenue Upper Elementary, the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians' Conehatta Elementary, Hattiesburg's Lillie Burney Elementary, Pearl Upper Elementary, Long Beach Middle, Oktibehha Elementary, d'Iberville Middle, Saucier's West Wortham Middle, Picayune's Nicholson Elementary and Roseland Park Baptist Church Academy, Bay St. Louis' St. Stanislaus College and Mobile's Davidson High, as well as two home-school groups from the Jackson area.

Effect of an Intervention Program Based on Active Video Games and Motor Games on Health Indicators in University Students: A Pilot Study.

PubMed

Zurita-Ortega, Félix; Chacón-Cuberos, Ramón; Castro-Sánchez, Manuel; Gutiérrez-Vela, Francisco Luis; González-Valero, Gabriel

2018-06-25

(1) Background: High levels of physical inactivity caused by sedentary digital screen leisure constitute one of the main causes of the high levels of obesity observed in today’s society; (2) Methods: The present study aims to analyse the effect of a 12-week intervention program based on the application of active video games and motor games on health status indicators, problematic use of video games, and resilience capacity in university students. Besides, the content blocks of the Physical Education (PE) field are worked on through these devices, revealing their potential as an Information and Communications Technology (ICT) resource. A longitudinal study with a pre-experimental design with pretest⁻posttest measurements in a single group ( n = 47) was performed, using as main instruments a Tanita TBF300® bioimpedance scale, the 20mSRT test for maximum oxygen consumption ( V O² max ), the Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet Test (KIDMED), the Questionnaire for Experiences Related to Video games (QERV) and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC); (3) Results: The main results were a discrete improvement in the percentage of fat mass and V O² max , representing a small effect size in both cases. The quality of the diet followed and the confidence and tolerance for adversity as a resilience factor were also improved, representing a medium size effect for this last variable; (4) Conclusions: Despite the limitations of this study as it does not have a control group, the main conclusions are that active video games and motor games can be a motivational resource to follow an active lifestyle, helping to improve health status indicators in young adults.

Entanglement and co-tunneling of two equivalent protons in hydrogen bond pairs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smedarchina, Zorka; Siebrand, Willem; Fernández-Ramos, Antonio

2018-03-01

A theoretical study is reported of a system of two identical symmetric hydrogen bonds, weakly coupled such that the two mobile protons can move either separately (stepwise) or together (concerted). It is modeled by two equivalent quartic potentials interacting through dipolar and quadrupolar coupling terms. The tunneling Hamiltonian has two imaginary modes (reaction coordinates) and a potential with a single maximum that may turn into a saddle-point of second order and two sets of (inequivalent) minima. Diagonalization is achieved via a modified Jacobi-Davidson algorithm. From this Hamiltonian the mechanism of proton transfer is derived. To find out whether the two protons move stepwise or concerted, a new tool is introduced, based on the distribution of the probability flux in the dividing plane of the transfer mode. While stepwise transfer dominates for very weak coupling, it is found that concerted transfer (co-tunneling) always occurs, even when the coupling vanishes since the symmetry of the Hamiltonian imposes permanent entanglement on the motions of the two protons. We quantify this entanglement and show that, for a wide range of parameters of interest, the lowest pair of states of the Hamiltonian represents a perfect example of highly entangled quantum states in continuous variables. The method is applied to the molecule porphycene for which the observed tunneling splitting is calculated in satisfactory agreement with experiment, and the mechanism of double-proton tunneling is found to be predominantly concerted. We show that, under normal conditions, when they are in the ground state, the two porphycene protons are highly entangled, which may have interesting applications. The treatment also identifies the conditions under which such a system can be handled by conventional one-instanton techniques.

Transition Dipole Moments and Transition Probabilities of the CN Radical

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yin, Yuan; Shi, Deheng; Sun, Jinfeng; Zhu, Zunlue

2018-04-01

This paper studies the transition probabilities of electric dipole transitions between 10 low-lying states of the CN radical. These states are X2Σ+, A2Π, B2Σ+, a4Σ+, b4Π, 14Σ‑, 24Π, 14Δ, 16Σ+, and 16Π. The potential energy curves are calculated using the CASSCF method, which is followed by the icMRCI approach with the Davidson correction. The transition dipole moments between different states are calculated. To improve the accuracy of potential energy curves, core–valence correlation and scalar relativistic corrections, as well as the extrapolation of potential energies to the complete basis set limit are included. The Franck–Condon factors and Einstein coefficients of emissions are calculated. The radiative lifetimes are determined for the vibrational levels of the A2Π, B2Σ+, b4Π, 14Σ‑, 24Π, 14Δ, and 16Π states. According to the transition probabilities and radiative lifetimes, some guidelines for detecting these states spectroscopically are proposed. The spin–orbit coupling effect on the spectroscopic and vibrational properties is evaluated. The splitting energy in the A2Π state is determined to be 50.99 cm‑1, which compares well with the experimental ones. The potential energy curves, transition dipole moments, spectroscopic parameters, and transition probabilities reported in this paper can be considered to be very reliable. The results obtained here can be used as guidelines for detecting these transitions, in particular those that have not been measured in previous experiments or have not been observed in the Sun, comets, stellar atmospheres, dark interstellar clouds, and diffuse interstellar clouds.

FIRST LEGO League Kickoff

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-09-15

Randall Hicks (right), Jacobs Technology's Education Services manager at NASA John C. Stennis Space Center, answers questions about the playing field for FIRST (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology) LEGO League's 2007 Challenge, `Power Puzzle.' More than 140 teachers, mentors, parents and students from 15 schools attended the Sept. 15 FLL season kickoff at StenniSphere, the visitor center at SSC. The teams from southern and central Mississippi and Mobile, Ala., who came to SSC heard rules for and asked questions about `Power Puzzle,' and saw robot demonstrations by Gulfport and Picayune high schools' past FIRST Robotics competitions. Using LEGO Mindstorms NXT kits, FLL teams of children ages 9-14 will spend the next three months building and programming robots to perform 'Power Puzzle's' challenge tasks, then pit them in competitions. They also will submit a research project about how energy choices impact the environment and the economy. The season will culminate at the Mississippi Championship Tournament on Dec. 8 at the Mississippi Gulf Coast Community College. FLL, considered the `little league' of the FIRST Robotics Competition, partners FIRST and the LEGO Group. Competitions aim to inspire and celebrate science and technology using real-world context and hands-on experimentation. NASA recognizes FIRST activities as an excellent hands-on method to increase student knowledge of science, engineering, technology and mathematics. Schools represented in this year's kickoff were: Madison Avenue Upper Elementary, the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians' Conehatta Elementary, Hattiesburg's Lillie Burney Elementary, Pearl Upper Elementary, Long Beach Middle, Oktibehha Elementary, d'Iberville Middle, Saucier's West Wortham Middle, Picayune's Nicholson Elementary and Roseland Park Baptist Church Academy, Bay St. Louis' St. Stanislaus College and Mobile's Davidson High, as well as two home-school groups from the Jackson area.

The Roles of Resilience and Childhood Trauma History: Main and Moderating Effects on Postpartum Maternal Mental Health and Functioning

PubMed Central

Sexton, Minden B.; Hamilton, Lindsay; McGinnis, Ellen W.; Rosenblum, Katherine L.; Muzik, Maria

2015-01-01

Objective Recently postpartum women participated to investigate main and moderating influences of resilience and childhood history of maltreatment on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), parental sense of mastery, and family functioning. Method At 4-months postpartum, 214 mothers (145 with a history of childhood abuse or neglect) completed interviews assessing mental health symptoms, positive functioning, resilience and trauma history. Multiple and moderated linear regression with the Connor- Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and Childhood Trauma Questionnaires (CTQ) were conducted to assess for main and moderating effects. Results Resilience, childhood trauma severity, and their interaction predicted postpartum PTSD and MDD. In mothers without childhood maltreatment, PTSD was absent irrespective of CD-RISC scores. However, for those with the highest quartile of CTQ severity, 8% of those with highest resilience in contrast with 58% of those with lowest CD-RISC scores met PTSD diagnostic criteria. Similar, in those with highest resilience, no mothers met criteria for postpartum MDD, irrespective of childhood trauma, while for those with lowest quartile of resilience, 25% with lowest CTQ severity and 68% of those with highest CTQ severity were depressed. The CD-RISC, but not the CTQ, was predictive of postpartum sense of competence. The CD-RISC and the CTQ were predictive of postpartum family functioning, though no moderating influence of resilience on childhood trauma was found. Conclusions Resilience is associated with reduced psychopathology and improved wellbeing in all mothers. It further serves as a buffer against psychiatric symptoms following childhood trauma. Such findings may assist in identification of those at greatest risk of adverse functioning postpartum, utilization of resilience-enhancing intervention may benefit perinatal wellness, and reduce intergenerational transmission of risk. PMID:25560192

A study of the turn-up effect in the electron momentum spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dal Cappello, C.; Menas, F.; Houamer, S.; Popov, Yu V.; Roy, A. C.

2015-10-01

Recently, a number of electron momentum spectroscopy measurements for the ionization of atoms and molecules have shown that the triple differential cross section (TDCS) has an unexpected higher intensity in a low momentum regime (Brunger M J, Braidwood S W, Mc Carthy I E and Weigold E 1994 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 27 L597, Hollebone B P, Neville J J, Zheng Y, Brion C E, Wang Y and Davidson E R 1995 Chem. Phys. 196 13, Brion C E, Zheng Y, Rolke J, Neville J J, McCarthy I E and Wang J 1998 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 31 L223, Ren X G, Ning C G, Deng J K, Zhang S F, Su G L, Huang F and Li G Q 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 163201, Deng J K, et al 2001 J. Chem. Phys. 114 882, Ning C G, Ren X G, Deng J K, Su G L, Zhang S F and Li G Q 2006 Phys. Rev. A 73 022704). This surprising result is now called the turn-up effect. Our aim is to investigate such an effect by studying the case of the ionization of atomic hydrogen in an excited state using the 3C model (Brauner M, Briggs J S and Klar H 1989 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 22 2265) which is able to describe all the measured results of the single ionization of atomic hydrogen in its ground state for an incident energy beyond 200 eV. A comparison is also made of the findings of the present method with those of the plane wave impulse approximation and distorted wave models.

Validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the 10-item CD-RISC in patients with fibromyalgia

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background No resilience scale has been validated in Spanish patients with fibromyalgia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the 10-item CD-RISC in a sample of Spanish patients with fibromyalgia. Methods Design: Observational prospective multicenter study. Sample: Patients with diagnoses of fibromyalgia recruited from primary care settings (N = 208). Instruments: In addition to sociodemographic data, the following questionnaires were administered: Pain Visual Analogue Scale (PVAS), the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience scale (10-item CD-RISC), the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ), and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Results Regarding construct validity, the factor solution in the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was considered adequate, so the KMO test had a value of 0.91, and the Barlett’s test of sphericity was significant (χ2 = 852.8; gl = 45; p < 0.001). Only one factor showed an eigenvalue greater than 1, and it explained 50.4% of the variance. PCA and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results did not show significant differences between groups. The 10-item CD-RISC scale demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.88) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.89 for a six-week interval). The 10-item CD-RISC score was significantly correlated with all of the other psychometric instruments in the expected direction, except for the PVAS (−0.115; p = 0.113). Conclusions Our study confirms that the Spanish version of the 10-item CD-RISC shows, in patients with fibromyalgia, acceptable psychometric properties, with a high level of reliability and validity. PMID:24484847

Transgene manipulation in zebrafish by using recombinases.

PubMed

Dong, Jie; Stuart, Gary W

2004-01-01

Although much remains to be done, our results to date suggest that efficient and precise genome engineering in zebrafish will be possible in the future by using Cre recombinase and SB transposase in combination with their respective target sites. In this study, we provide the first evidence that Cre recombinase can mediate effective site-specific deletion of transgenes in zebrafish. We found that the efficiency of target site utilization could approach 100%, independent of whether the target site was provided transiently by injection or stably within an integrated transgene. Microinjection of Cre mRNA appeared to be slightly more effective for this purpose than microinjection of Cre-expressing plasmid DNA. Our work has not yet progressed to the point where SB-mediated mobilization of our transgene constructs would be observed. However, a recent report has demonstrated that SB can enhance transgenesis rates sixfold over conventional methods by efficiently mediating multiple single-copy insertion of transgenes into the zebrafish genome (Davidson et al., 2003). Therefore, it seems likely that a combined system should eventually allow both SB-mediated transgene mobilization and Cre-mediated transgene modification. Our goal is to validate methods for the precise reengineering of the zebrafish genome by using a combination of Cre-loxP and SB transposon systems. These methods can be used to delete, replace, or mobilize large pieces of DNA or to modify the genome only when and where required by the investigator. For example, it should be possible to deliver particular RNAi genes to well-expressed chromosomal loci and then exchange them easily with alternative RNAi genes for the specific suppression of alternative targets. As a nonviral vector for gene therapy, the transposon component allows for the possibility of highly efficient integration, whereas the Cre-loxP component can target the integration and/or exchange of foreign DNA into specific sites within the genome. The specificity and efficiency of this system also make it ideal for applications in which precise genome modifications are required (e.g., stock improvement). Future work should establish whether alternative recombination systems (e.g., phiC31 integrase) can improve the utility of this system. After the fish system is fully established, it would be interesting to explore its application to genome engineering in other organisms.

Cross-cultural validation of the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) in Iran.

PubMed

Jowkar, Bahram; Friborg, Oddgeir; Hjemdal, Odin

2010-10-01

Resilience, as an ability to withstand and rebound from crisis and adversity, is becoming an increasingly popular concept in research on intervention and prevention of mental health. The present study examined psychometric properties of a Persian version of the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA), a scale intended to measure protective factors presumed to enhance resilience. The participants were 373 university undergraduate students, as well as 30 pairs of run-away girls and a matched control group. A confirmatory factor analysis verified the Norwegian five-factor structure. All subscale scores, personal competence, social competence, family cohesion, social resources and structured style, had good reliability. The convergent validity of the RSA was supported by showing positive associations with another resilience scale, i.e., a Persian version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Predictive validity of the RSA was supported, as well, by significantly differentiating between girls who had run away from home and a matched control group. The results indicate that the RSA may be a valid and reliable scale for the assessment of resilience protective resources in an Iranian population. © 2010 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology © 2010 The Scandinavian Psychological Associations.

Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among low-income, African American women with a history of intimate partner violence and suicidal behaviors: self-esteem, social support, and religious coping.

PubMed

Bradley, Rebekah; Schwartz, Ann C; Kaslow, Nadine J

2005-12-01

There is a dearth of research on risk/protective factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among low-income African American women with a history of intimate partner violence (IPV), presenting for suicidal behavior or routine medical care in a large, urban hospital. We examined self-esteem, social support, and religious coping as mediators between experiences of child maltreatment (CM) and IPV and symptoms of PTSD in a sample (N = 134) of low-income African American women. Instruments used included the Index of Spouse Abuse, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Taylor Self-Esteem Inventory, the Multidimensional Profile of Social Support, the Brief Religious Coping Activities Scale, and the Davidson Trauma Scale. Both CM and IPV related positively to PTSD symptoms. Risk and resilience individual difference factors accounted for 18% of the variance in PTSD symptoms over and above IPV and CM, with self-esteem and negative religious coping making unique contributions. Both variables mediated the abuse-PTSD symptom link. In addition, we tested an alternate model in which PTSD symptoms mediated the relationship between abuse and both self-esteem and negative religious coping.

Explanatory Model of Resilience in Pediatric Burn Survivors.

PubMed

Quezada, Lucía; González, Mónica T; Mecott, Gabriel A

2016-01-01

Identifying factors of adjustment in pediatric burn patients may facilitate appropriate mental health interventions postinjury. The aim of this is study was to explore the roles of both the patient's and caregivers' resilience and posttraumatic stress in pediatric burn survivor adjustment. For the purposes of the study, "51 patient-parent/guardian" dyads participated. Patients answered the Resilience Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents, and caregivers answered the Mexican Resilience Scale and the Davidson Trauma Scale. The roles of patient age, time since the burn, and size of burn injury were also considered. Statistical analyses included Spearman's ρ for correlations and structural equation modeling. P less than .05 was considered significant. Patients and caregivers reported high levels of resilience, and the majority of caregivers reported low severity of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Pediatric burn survivors' resilience was associated with being younger at the time of the burn and less severity of intrusive and avoidance symptoms in caregivers; it was also associated with a higher resilience in caregivers. It can be concluded that psychological responses of caregivers of pediatric burn survivors affect the well being and positive adjustment of patients; thus psychological services for caregivers would likely have a double benefit for both caregivers and patients.

Burnout and health among critical care professionals: The mediational role of resilience.

PubMed

Arrogante, Oscar; Aparicio-Zaldivar, Eva

2017-10-01

To analyse the mediational role of resilience in relationships between burnout and health in critical care professionals; to determine relationships among resilience level, three burnout dimensions, and physical/mental health; and to establish demographic differences in psychological variables evaluated. Cross-sectional study. A total of 52 critical care professionals, mainly nurses, were recruited from an intensive care unit of Madrid (Spain). All participants were assessed with the questionnaires 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey, and Short Form-12 Health Survey. No demographic differences were found. Three burnout dimensions were negatively associated with mental health and resilience. Mediational analyses revealed resilience mediated 1) the relationships between emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation with mental health (partial mediations) and 2) the relationship between personal accomplishment and mental health (total mediation). Resilience minimises and buffers the impact of negative outcomes of workplace stress on mental health of critical care professionals. As a result, resilience prevents the occurrence of burnout syndrome. Resilience improves not only their mental health, but also their ability to practice effectively. It is therefore imperative to develop resilience programs for critical care nurses in nursing schools, universities and health centres. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

SEM Imaging for Observation of Morphological Changes in Anaemic Human Blood Cell

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Datta, Triparna; Roychoudhury, Uttam

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is utilized to elucidate the morphological changes in anaemic human red blood cells. Haemoglobin concentration in human blood is in the range of 11.5-13.5 g/dl in healthy adults. Haemoglobin concentration in anaemic red blood is below the lower limit of normal range. Sometimes, the nature of the abnormal shape of the blood cell determines the cause of anaemia. Normally, there occurs a variation in the diameter of the red blood cell (RBC) for different types of anaemia. Increased variation of size in blood cell is termed anisocytosis (a type of anaemia) (Mohan H, Text book of pathology, New Delhi). In case of anisocytosis, diameter of cells larger than normal cell is observed. The classification of anaemia by the size of blood cell is logical, i.e. common morphological abnormality of human blood cell (Davidson's principle and practice of medicine, Publisher Churchill Livingstone, London). Cells are studied under ZEISS SEM with different magnification and applied potential of kV range. Thus the diameters of RBCs in SEM have been compared with RBCs photographed with light microscope. Anaemic cells are observed overlapped with each other with increasing diameter.

Is John Henryism a resilience factor in women experiencing intimate partner violence?

PubMed

Kramer, Nicole M; Johnson, Nicole L; Johnson, Dawn M

2015-01-01

Research suggests that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are two common mental health problems in intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors. Research has found that while Black women consistently report higher rates of victimization than White women, they also report less severe PTSD and depressive symptoms, suggesting that Black IPV survivors might be more resilient to PTSD and depression than are White survivors. We implemented a correlational study with 81 Black and 100 White female survivors of IPV to determine if John Henryism (JH; i.e., a predisposed active coping mechanism) contributes to the resilience observed in Black IPV survivors. Participants completed the John Henryism Active Coping Scale, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, Davidson Trauma Scale, and the Abusive Behavior Inventory. Results demonstrated that White woman endorsed more severe depressive symptoms as compared to Black women. Severity of PTSD symptoms and JH was not significantly different between races. JH did not moderate the relationship between race and depression; however, for PTSD, JH was found to be protective of PTSD in White women, while demonstrating little impact on Black women. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of the minority stress model.

Childhood trauma and resilience in psoriatic patients: A preliminary report.

PubMed

Crosta, Maria Luigia; De Simone, Clara; Di Pietro, Salvatore; Acanfora, Mariateresa; Caldarola, Giacomo; Moccia, Lorenzo; Callea, Antonino; Panaccione, Isabella; Peris, Ketty; Rinaldi, Lucio; Janiri, Luigi; Di Nicola, Marco

2018-03-01

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex etiology, involving the immune system, genetic factors, and external/internal triggers, with psychosomatic aspects. The aim of the study was to investigate childhood trauma and resilience in a psoriatic sample compared with healthy controls. Correlations between childhood trauma, resilience, quality of life, clinical data and psoriatic features were also evaluated. Seventy-seven psoriatic patients and seventy-six homogeneous healthy controls were enrolled. We used the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) to assess the severity of psoriasis and the Skindex-29 to measure health-related quality of life. The psychometric battery included the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-Risc) to assess trauma exposure and resilience, respectively. Psoriatic patients showed a significant prevalence of childhood trauma and a lower resilience level compared to healthy controls. Associations between traumatic experiences, low resilience and reduced quality of life in psoriatic subjects were also observed. A multidisciplinary approach is helpful to investigate clinical aspects, trigger factors and psychophysiological stress response in psoriatic subjects. Improving resilience with an early psychological intervention focused on self-motivation and strengthening of self-efficacy could facilitate the management of psoriasis. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Mediating Effect of Resilience on the Association between Emotional Neglect and Depressive Symptoms.

PubMed

Lee, Sang Won; Bae, Geum Ye; Rim, Hyo-Deog; Lee, Seung Jae; Chang, Sung Man; Kim, Byung-Soo; Won, Seunghee

2018-01-01

Previous studies have reported that childhood maltreatment experiences could induce biological and psychological vulnerability in depressive disorders. However, it is still unclear that type-specific effects of childhood maltreatment on psychological resilience, depressive symptoms and interactions among childhood maltreatment experiences, resilience, and depressive symptoms. A total of 438 medical students were included in the study. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, the Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory were used for measuring childhood maltreatment experiences, psychological resilience, and depressive symptoms, respectively. We investigated the effects of childhood maltreatment experiences on resilience and depressive symptoms using correlation analysis. In addition, we analyzed the mediating effect of resilience on the association between childhood maltreatment and symptoms of depression. Among childhood maltreatment, emotional neglect was a significant predictor of the scores of low resilience and high depressive symptoms in both gender groups (all ps<0.05). Furthermore, resilience was found to be a mediator connecting emotional neglect experiences with depressive symptoms. Our results suggest that emotional neglect has detrimental effects on mood and resilience, and clinicians need to focus on the recovery of resilience when they deal with depressive symptoms in victims of childhood maltreatment.

Dissatisfaction with the dental services and associated factors among adults.

PubMed

Roberto, Luana Leal; Martins, Andréa Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima; Paula, Alfredo Maurício Batista de; Ferreira, Efigênia Ferreira E; Haikal, Desirée Sant' Ana

2017-05-01

This study aimed to identify factors associated with dissatisfaction with dental services among adults. It analyzed 830 adult participants of an epidemiological survey of oral health. The dependent variable was dissatisfaction with the dental service, and the independent ones were selected according to the theoretical model set forth by Andersen and Davidson (1997). Estimates were corrected by the sample design effect, and Binary Logistic Regression was carried out. It was found that about 11% of adults were dissatisfied with the dental service. In the final model, dissatisfaction with dental services was lower among older adults (OR = 0.559) and among smokers (OR = 0.332). On the other hand, it was higher among adults who self-perceived their chewing as negative (OR = 2,804), who self-perceived some discomfort in the mouth and head and neck region (OR = 2.065), and among those who did not have access to information on how to avoid oral problems (OR = 3.020). Therefore, the services need to access the perceptions and expectations expressed by users, and provide information in appropriate quantity and quality, in the context of "health literacy" in order to achieve greater satisfaction among its users.

Can the subaltern speak? Visibility of international migrants with communication and swallowing disabilities in the World Report on Disability.

PubMed

Pillay, Mershen

2013-02-01

Wylie, McAllister, Davidson, and Marshal (2013) argued that the speech-language pathology profession must be encouraged to consider novel ways to deliver equitable services to people with communication disorders. People with communication disorders include the world's 215 million international migrants who deserve unique commentary when considering disability in the world. Hence, this paper focuses on invisibility of international migrants with communication or swallowing disorders in the World Report on Disability. The analysis of people with disabilities is biased towards citizenship. What of those who are non-citizens? Three issues are highlighted: (a) the demographic construction of migrants; (b) management of communication disability within the migrant patient-speech language pathologist dyad; and (c) strategic re-prioritization of dysphagia as a disability. While relevant to all people, re-prioritization of dysphagia as an impairment (of eating or drinking) resulting in restricted mealtime participation is especially relevant to the healthcare of international migrants. This issue is discussed in terms of how safe or adequate eating and drinking ought to constitute essential discharge criteria in medical settings where discharge (often resulting in deportation) may be decided on one's ability to walk or talk.

Comparison of risk and protective factors associated with smartphone addiction and Internet addiction.

PubMed

Choi, Sam-Wook; Kim, Dai-Jin; Choi, Jung-Seok; Ahn, Heejune; Choi, Eun-Jeung; Song, Won-Young; Kim, Seohee; Youn, Hyunchul

2015-12-01

Smartphone addiction is a recent concern that has resulted from the dramatic increase in worldwide smartphone use. This study assessed the risk and protective factors associated with smartphone addiction in college students and compared these factors to those linked to Internet addiction. College students (N = 448) in South Korea completed the Smartphone Addiction Scale, the Young's Internet Addiction Test, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, the Beck Depression Inventory I, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Trait Version), the Character Strengths Test, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analyses. The risk factors for smartphone addiction were female gender, Internet use, alcohol use, and anxiety, while the protective factors were depression and temperance. In contrast, the risk factors for Internet addiction were male gender, smartphone use, anxiety, and wisdom/knowledge, while the protective factor was courage. Discussion These differences may result from unique features of smartphones, such as high availability and primary use as a tool for interpersonal relationships. Our findings will aid clinicians in distinguishing between predictive factors for smartphone and Internet addiction and can consequently be utilized in the prevention and treatment of smartphone addiction.

Resilience moderates the relationship between emotional intelligence and clinical communication ability among Chinese practice nursing students: A structural equation model analysis.

PubMed

Kong, Linghua; Liu, Yun; Li, Guopeng; Fang, Yueyan; Kang, Xiaofei; Li, Ping

2016-11-01

To examine the positive association between emotional intelligence and clinical communication ability among practice nursing students, and to determine whether resilience plays a moderating role in the relationship between emotional intelligence and clinical communication ability among Chinese practice nursing students. Three hundred and seventy-seven practice nursing students from three hospitals participated in this study. They completed questionnaires including the Emotional Intelligence Inventory (EII), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), and Clinical Communication Ability Scale (CCAS). Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationships among emotional intelligence, resilience, and clinical communication ability. Emotional intelligence was positively associated with clinical communication ability (P<0.01). Resilience significantly affected clinical communication ability (P<0.01) and moderated the relationship between emotional intelligence and clinical communication ability (P<0.01). Emotional intelligence is positively related to clinical communication ability among Chinese practice nursing students, and resilience moderates the relationship between emotional intelligence and clinical communication ability, which may provide scientific evidence to aid in developing intervention strategies to improve clinical communication ability. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Coexistence and different determinants of posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic growth among Chinese survivors after earthquake: role of resilience and rumination.

PubMed

Wu, Kaijun; Zhang, Yuqing; Liu, Zhengkui; Zhou, Peiling; Wei, Chuguang

2015-01-01

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and posttraumatic growth (PTG) are two different outcomes that may occur after experiencing traumatic events. Resilience and rumination are two important factors that determine the development of these outcomes after trauma. We investigated the association between these two factors, PTSD and PTG, among Chinese survivors in an earthquake. With a convenience sample of 318 survivors from earthquake, we measured trauma exposure, PTSD, PTG, resilience, and rumination (Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, 10 item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Ruminative Response Scale). Then we used bivariate correlation and structural equation modeling to examine the structure of relations among these factors. Results showed that resilience and reflective rumination have a positive effect on PTG (β = 0.32, p < 0.001; β = 0.17, p = 0.049). Earthquake exposure, brooding rumination and depressed-related rumination are related with higher level of PTSD (β = 0.10, p = 0.021; β = 0.33, p < 0.001; β = 0.36, p < 0.001). The findings suggest distinct determinants of the negative and positive outcomes, and this may provide better understanding about the risk and protective factors for traumatic reactions.

Alterations in the neural circuitry for emotion and attention associated with posttraumatic stress symptomatology

PubMed Central

Hayes, Jasmeet Pannu; LaBar, Kevin S.; Petty, Christopher M.; McCarthy, Gregory; Morey, Rajendra A.

2009-01-01

Information processing models of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suggest that PTSD is characterized by preferential allocation of attentional resources to potentially threatening stimuli. However, few studies have examined the neural pattern underlying attention and emotion in association with PTSD symptomatology. In the present study, combat veterans with PTSD symptomatology engaged in an emotional oddball task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Veterans were classified into a high or low symptomatology group based on their scores on the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS). Participants discriminated infrequent target stimuli (circles) from frequent standards (squares) while emotional and neutral distractors were presented infrequently and irregularly. Results revealed that participants with greater PTSD symptomatology showed enhanced neural activity in ventral-limbic and dorsal regions for emotional stimuli and attenuated activity in dorsolateral prefrontal and parietal regions for attention targets. In the anterior cingulate gyrus, participants with fewer PTSD symptoms showed equivalent responses to attentional and emotional stimuli while the high symptom group showed greater activation for negative emotional stimuli. Taken together, the results suggest that hyperresponsive ventral-limbic activity coupled with altered dorsal-attention and anterior cingulate function may be a neural marker of attention bias in PTSD. PMID:19237269

Correlates and Predictors of Resilience among Baccalaureate Nursing Students.

PubMed

Mathad, Monali Devaraj; Pradhan, Balaram; Rajesh, Sasidharan K

2017-02-01

A growing body of literature recognizes the importance of resilience in the nursing profession. Both mindfulness and resilience aid in handling stress, stress increases the risk of rumination and/or worry especially in females and they are more empathetic than other healthcare students. To identify correlates and predictors of the resilience among nursing students. This is a descriptive correlation study and we have recruited 194 participants (1-4 th year B.Sc Nursing) from Government College of Nursing and NIMHANS College of Nursing in Bangalore, India. The following instruments were used to collect the data, Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI), Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ), Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Data was analysed using Pearson's correlation test and multiple regression analysis. Resilience is significantly correlated with mindfulness, perseverative thinking and empathy in nursing students. Based on regression analysis this model accounted for almost 33% of variance in resilience. This result is of interest as mindfulness alone explained 23% of the variance and unproductive Repeated Negative Thinking (RNT) and RNT consuming mental capacity predicted 8% and 2% respectively. These results support the importance of resilience and mindfulness in nursing students. Hence, resilience and/or mindfulness enhancing interventions should be inculcated in nursing education.

Factors affecting the psychological functioning of Australian adults with chronic pain.

PubMed

Viggers, Lorna C; Caltabiano, Marie L

2012-12-01

The role of resilience, for adults facing ongoing adversity in the form of chronic medical conditions, has received little attention in the past. This research investigated the impact of resilience and coping strategies on the psychological functioning of 87 Australian adults with chronic pain, using a self-report questionnaire. It included the McGill Pain Questionnaire, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the Coping Strategies Questionnaire, the 36-item Short Form Health Survey, and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. Using hierarchical regression, after the effects of pain severity, catastrophizing, and ignoring the pain were controlled for, resilience was significantly associated with mental health-related quality of life (β = 0.18, P < 0.05), depression (β = -0.31, P < 0.01), and anxiety (β = -0.20, P < 0.05). In the final model for depression, resilience had a stronger association than pain severity. Resilience did not, however, influence individual's perceptions of their physical health-related quality of life. The link between resilience and mental health-related quality of life outcomes provides initial evidence for the potential application of resilience related interventions to pain management programs. © 2012 Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

Addressing education of speech-language pathologists in the World Report on Disability: development of a speech-language pathology program in Malaysia.

PubMed

Ahmad, Kartini; Ibrahim, Hasherah; Othman, Basyariatul Fathi; Vong, Etain

2013-02-01

The current paper is a response to the Wiley, McAllister, Davidson, and Marshall lead article regarding the application of the World Report on Disability (WRD) to people with communication disorders. The current paper directly addresses recommendation 5 (improvement of human resource capacity) and indirectly addresses recommendations 7, 8, and 9 (related to improving local knowledge and data on communicative disabilities) indirectly. The paper describes Malaysia's initiatives in the early 1990s, in developing its local professional capacity to provide services for people with communication disorders (PWCD). It charts the history of development of a local undergraduate entry-level degree program for speech-language pathology (SLP) from the point of conceptualization to full execution. The article provides glimpses to the processes and challenges faced by Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia as the pioneer university in the South East Asia region to undertake the training and education of the SLP profession and highlights relevant issues faced by newly introduced professions in a country where resources and practice traditions were previously unavailable. It underscores the important role played by government institutions and an international professional network in driving forward-looking policies to implement and sustain the program.

Relations Between Resilience, Positive and Negative Emotionality, and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression.

PubMed

Robinson, Jordan S; Larson, Christine L; Cahill, Shawn P

2014-01-01

Although research concerning the effects of traumatic and stressful life events on an individual's mental health has been plentiful in the past several decades, research aimed at understanding the nature of resilience and its role in this process has been less plentiful. The present study examined the relationship between a commonly used measure of resilience, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), facets of personality, and symptoms of psychopathology-specifically, posttraumatic symptomatology-in a sample of college students. We found that the CD-RISC was most strongly linked with the personality facet of positive emotionality rather than the expected facet of negative emotionality. With regard to psychopathology, the CD-RISC displayed the largest relationship to a measure of anhedonic depression rather than a measure of posttraumatic stress. Lastly, the CD-RISC added little in predicting symptoms of posttraumatic stress above and beyond negative emotionality, a personality facet that has previously shown robust relationships with posttraumatic stress. These results suggest that the CD-RISC is most strongly predictive of positive emotionality and thus may be most useful in predicting resilience for disorders characterized by disruptions in positive affect.

Holocene Planktonic Foraminiferal Assemblage Shifts on the California Margin; Environmental Forcing of Medieval Chumash Society?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fisler, J. A.; Hendy, I.

2005-12-01

The contribution of D. Kennett and J.P. Kennett to recent literature on native Chumash cultural evolution has linked societal changes between 500 and 1300 A.D. with a rapidly-changing environment. As large-amplitude fluctuations in surface water and climate conditions at the California Margin would have had severe implications for local flora and fauna, high resolution paleooceanographic records from ODP Site 893 should record these environmental changes. The planktonic foraminifera of Santa Barbara Basin are known to be sensitive to climate change over glacial/interglacial and stadial/interstadial time scales. Here we present a Holocene record of planktonic foraminiferal assemblage change that demonstrates this sensitivity continued through what is generally considered to be a warm stable climatic interval. Absolute numbers of planktonic foraminifera specimens decreased through the Holocene, from a peak of over 30,000 specimens/cm3 at 9 kyr BP to several thousand in the last millennia. Eurythermal, high nutrient species G. bulloides and G. quinqueloba show opposite abundance trends throughout deglaciation, with significant decreases in G. bulloides abundance during the Late Holocene while G. quinqueloba increases in abundance. Significant assemblage shifts occurring at 2 kyr BP are particularly pronounced in N. pachyderma dextral/sinistral ratios. Large fluctuations in the dextral/sinistral ratio occur during this interval, varying between 50 and 95%. The most recent decrease in the ratio occurs 800 yrs BP before returning to modern values at 500 yr BP. Assemblage data suggest more dramatic environmental change than indicated by planktonic oxygen isotope records. While N. pachyderma dextral/sinistral ratios generally follow oxygen isotopes throughout the Holocene, the records decouple at 2 kyr BP when the first substantial decrease in the ratio occurs. Salinity may, in part, explain this observation. ODP Site 893 is located at the confluence of the cool, relatively fresh California Current and the warm, saline Davidson Current. As sinistral N. pachyderma are not found in the modern Santa Barbara Basin assemblage, dextral/sinistral ratio decreases of up to 50% suggests that sea surface temperatures were much cooler during the intervals 1800 to 1300 and 800 to 200 years ago. We suggest during these intervals the California Current dominated surface water masses in the basin. These results are consistent with work of Kennett and colleagues, who proposed that rapid cultural evolution of the native Chumash during the medieval period (500-1300 A.D.) was a response to an anomalously cool, dry, and variable climate.

Intercomparison of Operational Ocean Forecasting Systems in the framework of GODAE

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hernandez, F.

2009-04-01

One of the main benefits of the GODAE 10-year activity is the implementation of ocean forecasting systems in several countries. In 2008, several systems are operated routinely, at global or basin scale. Among them, the BLUElink (Australia), HYCOM (USA), MOVE/MRI.COM (Japan), Mercator (France), FOAM (United Kingdom), TOPAZ (Norway) and C-NOOFS (Canada) systems offered to demonstrate their operational feasibility by performing an intercomparison exercise during a three months period (February to April 2008). The objectives were: a) to show that operational ocean forecasting systems are operated routinely in different countries, and that they can interact; b) to perform in a similar way a scientific validation aimed to assess the quality of the ocean estimates, the performance, and forecasting capabilities of each system; and c) to learn from this intercomparison exercise to increase inter-operability and collaboration in real time. The intercomparison relies on the assessment strategy developed for the EU MERSEA project, where diagnostics over the global ocean have been revisited by the GODAE contributors. This approach, based on metrics, allow for each system: a) to verify if ocean estimates are consistent with the current general knowledge of the dynamics; and b) to evaluate the accuracy of delivered products, compared to space and in-situ observations. Using the same diagnostics also allows one to intercompare the results from each system consistently. Water masses and general circulation description by the different systems are consistent with WOA05 Levitus climatology. The large scale dynamics (tropical, subtropical and subpolar gyres ) are also correctly reproduced. At short scales, benefit of high resolution systems can be evidenced on the turbulent eddy field, in particular when compared to eddy kinetic energy deduced from satellite altimetry of drifter observations. Comparisons to high resolution SST products show some discrepancies on ocean surface representation, either due to model and forcing fields errors, or assimilation scheme efficiency. Comparisons to sea-ice satellite products also evidence discrepancies linked to model, forcing and assimilation strategies of each forecasting system. Key words: Intercomparison, ocean analysis, operational oceanography, system assessment, metrics, validation GODAE Intercomparison Team: L. Bertino (NERSC/Norway), G. Brassington (BMRC/Australia), E. Chassignet (FSU/USA), J. Cummings (NRL/USA), F. Davidson (DFO/Canda), M. Drévillon (CERFACS/France), P. Hacker (IPRC/USA), M. Kamachi (MRI/Japan), J.-M. Lellouche (CERFACS/France), K. A. Lisæter (NERSC/Norway), R. Mahdon (UKMO/UK), M. Martin (UKMO/UK), A. Ratsimandresy (DFO/Canada), and C. Regnier (Mercator Ocean/France)

Is HO3 minimum cis or trans? An analytic full-dimensional ab initio isomerization path.

PubMed

Varandas, A J C

2011-05-28

The minimum energy path for isomerization of HO(3) has been explored in detail using accurate high-level ab initio methods and techniques for extrapolation to the complete basis set limit. In agreement with other reports, the best estimates from both valence-only and all-electron single-reference methods here utilized predict the minimum of the cis-HO(3) isomer to be deeper than the trans-HO(3) one. They also show that the energy varies by less than 1 kcal mol(-1) or so over the full isomerization path. A similar result is found from valence-only multireference configuration interaction calculations with the size-extensive Davidson correction and a correlation consistent triple-zeta basis, which predict the energy difference between the two isomers to be of only Δ = -0.1 kcal mol(-1). However, single-point multireference calculations carried out at the optimum triple-zeta geometry with basis sets of the correlation consistent family but cardinal numbers up to X = 6 lead upon a dual-level extrapolation to the complete basis set limit of Δ = (0.12 ± 0.05) kcal mol(-1). In turn, extrapolations with the all-electron single-reference coupled-cluster method including the perturbative triples correction yield values of Δ = -0.19 and -0.03 kcal mol(-1) when done from triple-quadruple and quadruple-quintuple zeta pairs with two basis sets of increasing quality, namely cc-cpVXZ and aug-cc-pVXZ. Yet, if added a value of 0.25 kcal mol(-1) that accounts for the effect of triple and perturbative quadruple excitations with the VTZ basis set, one obtains a coupled cluster estimate of Δ = (0.14 ± 0.08) kcal mol(-1). It is then shown for the first time from systematic ab initio calculations that the trans-HO(3) isomer is more stable than the cis one, in agreement with the available experimental evidence. Inclusion of the best reported zero-point energy difference (0.382 kcal mol(-1)) from multireference configuration interaction calculations enhances further the relative stability to ΔE(ZPE) = (0.51 ± 0.08) kcal mol(-1). A scheme is also suggested to model the full-dimensional isomerization potential-energy surface using a quadratic expansion that is parametrically represented by a Fourier analysis in the torsion angle. The method illustrated at the raw and complete basis-set limit coupled-cluster levels can provide a valuable tool for a future analysis of the available (incomplete thus far) experimental rovibrational data. This journal is © the Owner Societies 2011

High-Resolution AUV Mapping Reveals Structural Details of Submarine Inflated Lava Flows

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paduan, J.; Clague, D. A.; Caress, D. W.; Thomas, H.; Thompson, D.; Conlin, D.

2009-12-01

The MBARI mapping AUV D. Allan B. has now been used to map volcanic terrain at mid-ocean ridges, back-arc spreading centers, and seamounts. These include the summit caldera and upper south rift zone at Axial Volcano, the summit of Davidson Seamount, the Endeavour hydrothermal fields, the Northeast Lau Spreading Center and West Mata Volcano, and, most recently, the CoAxial, North Cleft and North Gorda historic eruption sites on the Juan de Fuca and Gorda Ridges. ROV and submersible dives at most of these sites have provided groundtruth for the textures and features revealed in the roughly 1-m resolution maps. A prominent feature in the maps from four of the sites are inflated flows that did not deflate or drain. These resemble subaerial tumuli but differ in being located on level terrain, apparently atop or very near eruptive vents instead of being in the distal portions of flows. The largest inflated flow at Axial Volcano is on the caldera floor. The main part is 500 by 300 m, and up to 30 m high, with a lobe that extends another 750 m in a sinuous path. It and two nearby, medium-sized inflated flows were first described from sidescan imagery and a submersible dive by Appelgate and Embley (Bull. Volcanol., 54, 447-458, 1992). The AUV maps show clearly the smooth, gently domed relief of the large inflated flow and its sinuous shape on the seafloor, the medium-sized nearby inflated flows, and several additional smaller ones. Particularly striking is a network of 4 to 10 m deep cracks along the crest of each inflation. The cracks occur 30 to 50 m from the margins on all sides of the wider parts of the inflated flows, and become medial cracks along the entire length of the narrow parts, which are nearly triangular in cross-section. An inflation pit 35 m in diameter has a depth equal to the surrounding lava fields. ROV Doc Ricketts dove on these flows in August 2009 and photographed the deeply cracked, uplifted, once flat-lying lineated and ropy sheet flows that form the inflated flows. An even larger, 2.3 km long, up to 550 m wide, and up to 25 m high, inflated flow lies in the axial valley at North Cleft. Its cross-section is similar to the large one at Axial, but has been subsequently rifted by long tectonic fractures parallel to the axis of spreading. Five small inflated flows also occur within two large sheet flows at CoAxial. An inflated flow at Davidson Seamount off California is 690 by 180 m, and stands 18m above the floor of a steep valley 430 m below the summit. It differs from all the others mapped in that downslope is a part of the same flow that has complex collapse features within pillowed margins. The lava composition here is viscous mugearite rather than MORB.

Origin of Volcanic Seamounts Offshore California Related to Interaction of Abandoned Spreading Centers with the Continental Margin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davis, A. S.; Clague, D. A.; Paduan, J. B.; Cousens, B. L.; Huard, J.

2007-12-01

The numerous NE-SW trending volcanic seamounts at the continental margin offshore central to Southern California owe their existence to the complex tectonics that resulted when small spreading ridge segments intersected and partly subducted beneath the continental margin during the Miocene plate reorganization. A limited number of dredged samples had indicated multiple episodes of coeval, alkalic volcanism at geographically widely separated sites (Davis et al., 2002, GSA Bull. 114, 316-333). 450 new samples were collected from 8 seamounts from 37. 5°N to 32.3°N with MBARI's ROV Tiburon. Ar-Ar ages for 50 of these samples extend the ages of volcanism from 18 Ma to 2.8 Ma. The dominant whole rock compositions are differentiated alkalic basalt, hawaiite, and mugearite, but include minor benmoreite, trachyte, and rare tholeiitic basalt. This entire range of compositions is also present in glassy margins or in volcaniclastic breccias, except for the trachyte, which had no glassy margins. Trace element abundances and ratios (e.g. REE, Zr, Nb, Ta, Th, Ba, etc.) are typical for ocean island basalt, whether the seamount is located on the Pacific plate (e.g. Pioneer, Gumdrop, Guide, Davidson, San Juan, San Marcos) or on the continental slope (Rodriguez) or within the Southern Continental Borderland (Northeast Bank). Nine samples, predominantly from Rodriguez Seamount, show a calc-alkaline trend with lower Nb, Ta, and higher Th. These samples may be erratics (Paduan et al., 2007, Marine Geology, in press). Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic compositions plot within the Pacific N-MORB field for the northern seamounts (Pioneer, Gumdrop, Guide) but suggest progressively more radiogenic sources southward. There is considerable scatter at each site, especially with regard to 87Sr/86Sr, despite severe acid-leaching of the samples. Isotopic and trace element compositions indicate sources that are heterogeneous at a small scale. Chondrite-normalized Ce/Yb suggest smaller degree of melting and more alkalic compositions with decreasing age, although there is again considerable scatter. Chondrite-normalized La/Sm versus Zr/Nb form a continuum from the seamount lavas to depleted N-MORB and E-MORB suggesting a common origin by decompression melting of a mantle source with randomly distributed enriched heterogeneities, which are incorporated to a greater degree with decreasing degree of melting. Based on symmetric magnetic anomalies, only Davidson Seamount has been identified as straddling a fossil spreading center (Lonsdale, 1991, AAPG Mem. 47, 87-125). However, the other seamounts along the continental margin with the same NE-SW orientation and similar geochemical characteristics probably originated in a similar setting, erupting lavas along zones of weakness in the ocean floor fabric related to past seafloor spreading. Small volumes of magma can apparently rise long after spreading ceases if there is enough enriched source component to facilitate melting combined with zones of weakness in the underlying ocean crust fabric and/or extensional tectonics.

Electronic Transitions of Tungsten Monosulfide

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsang, L. F.; Chan, Man-Chor; Zou, Wenli; Cheung, Allan S. C.

2017-06-01

Electronic transition spectrum of the tungsten monosulfide (WS) molecule in the near infrared region between 725 nm and 885 nm has been recorded using laser ablation/reaction free-jet expansion and laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy. The WS molecule was produced by reacting laser - ablated tungsten atoms with 1% CS_{2} seeded in argon. Fifteen vibrational bands with resolved rotational structure have been recorded and analyzed, which were organized into seven electronic transition systems. The ground state has been identified to be the X^{3}Σ^{-}(0^{+}) state, and the determined vibrational frequency, ΔG_{1/2} and bond length, r_{0}, are respectively 556.7 cm^{-1} and 2.0676 Å. In addition, vibrational bands belong to another transition system involving lower state with Ω = 1 component have also been analyzed. Least-squares fit of the measured line positions yielded molecular constants for the electronic states involved. The low-lying Λ-S states and Ω sub-states of WS have been calculated using state-averaged complete active space self-consistent field (SA-CASSCF) and followed by MRCISD+Q (internally contracted multi-reference configuration interaction with singles and doubles plus Davidson's cluster correction). The active space consists of 10 electrons in 9 orbitals corresponding to the W 5d6s and S 3p shells. The lower molecular orbitals from W 5s5p and S 3s are inactive but are also correlated, and relativistic effective core potential (RECPs) are adopted to replace the core orbitals with 60 (W) and 10 (S) core electrons, respectively. Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is calculated via the state-interaction (SI) approach with RECP spin-orbit operators using SA-CASSCF wavefunctions, where the diagonal elements in the SOC matrix are replaced by the corresponding MRCISD+Q energies calculated above. Spectroscopic constants and potential energy curves of the ground and many low-lying Λ-S states and Ω sub-states of the WS molecule are obtained. The calculated spectroscopic constants of the ground and low-lying states are generally in good agreement with our experimental determination. This work represents the first experimental investigation of the electronic and molecular structure of the WS molecule.

Investigating the Capacity of Hydrological Models to Project Impacts of Climate Change in the Context of Water Allocation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Velez, Carlos; Maroy, Edith; Rocabado, Ivan; Pereira, Fernando

2017-04-01

To analyse the impacts of climate changes, hydrological models are used to project the hydrology responds under future conditions that normally differ from those for which they were calibrated. The challenge is to assess the validity of the projected effects when there is not data to validate it. A framework for testing the ability of models to project climate change was proposed by Refsgaard et al., (2014). The authors recommend the use of the differential-split sample test (DSST) in order to build confidence in the model projections. The method follow three steps: 1. A small number of sub-periods are selected according to one climate characteristics, 2. The calibration - validation test is applied on these periods, 3. The validation performances are compered to evaluate whether they vary significantly when climatic characteristics differ between calibration and validation. DSST rely on the existing records of climate and hydrological variables; and performances are estimated based on indicators of error between observed and simulated variables. Other authors suggest that, since climate models are not able to reproduce single events but rather statistical properties describing the climate, this should be reflected when testing hydrological models. Thus, performance criteria such as RMSE should be replaced by for instance flow duration curves or other distribution functions. Using this type of performance criteria, Van Steenbergen and Willems, (2012) proposed a method to test the validity of hydrological models in a climate changing context. The method is based on the evaluation of peak flow increases due to different levels of rainfall increases. In contrast to DSST, this method use the projected climate variability and it is especially useful to compare different modelling tools. In the framework of a water allocation project for the region of Flanders (Belgium) we calibrated three hydrological models: NAM, PDM and VHM; for 67 gauged sub-catchments with approx. 40 years of records. This paper investigates the capacity of the three hydrological models to project the impacts of climate change scenarios. It is proposed a general testing framework which combine the use of the existing information through an adapted form of DSST with the approach proposed by Van Steenbergen and Willems, (2012) adapted to assess statistical properties of flows useful in the context of water allocation. To assess the model we use robustness criteria based on a Log Nash-Sutcliffe, BIAS on cummulative volumes and relative changes based on Q50/Q90 estimated from the duration curve. The three conceptual rainfall-runoff models yielded different results per sub-catchments. A relation was found between robustness criteria and changes in mean rainfall and changes in mean potential evapotranspiration. Biases are greatly affected by changes in precipitation, especially when the climate scenarios involve changes in precipitation volume beyond the range used for calibration. Using the combine approach we were able to classify the modelling tools per sub-catchments and create an ensemble of best models to project the impacts of climate variability for the catchments of 10 main rivers in Flanders. Thus, managers could understand better the usability of the modelling tools and the credibility of its outputs for water allocation applications. References Refsgaard, J.C., Madsen, H., Andréassian, V., Arnbjerg-Nielsen, K., Davidson, T.A., Drews, M., Hamilton, D.P., Jeppesen, E., Kjellström, E., Olesen, J.E., Sonnenborg, T.O., Trolle, D., Willems, P., Christensen, J.H., 2014. A framework for testing the ability of models to project climate change and its impacts. Clim. Change. Van Steenbergen, N., Willems, P., 2012. Method for testing the accuracy of rainfall - runoff models in predicting peak flow changes due to rainfall changes , in a climate changing context. J. Hydrol. 415, 425-434.

Hydrogeologic Setting, Ground-Water Flow, and Ground-Water Quality at the Langtree Peninsula Research Station, Iredell County, North Carolina, 2000-2005

USGS Publications Warehouse

Pippin, Charles G.; Chapman, Melinda J.; Huffman, Brad A.; Heller, Matthew J.; Schelgel, Melissa E.

2008-01-01

A 6-year intensive field study (2000-2005) of a complex, regolith-fractured bedrock ground-water system was conducted at the Langtree Peninsula research station on the Davidson College Lake Campus in Iredell County, North Carolina. This research station was constructed as part of the Piedmont and Mountains Resource Evaluation Program, a cooperative study being conducted by the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey. Results of the study characterize the distinction and interaction of a two-component ground-water system in a quartz diorite rock type. The Langtree Peninsula research station includes 17 monitoring wells and 12 piezometers, including 2 well transects along high to low topographic settings, drilled into separate parts of the ground-water-flow system. The location of the research station is representative of a metaigneous intermediate (composition) regional hydrogeologic unit. The primary rock type is mafic quartz diorite that has steeply dipping foliation. Primary and secondary foliations are present in the quartz diorite at the site, and both have an average strike of about N. 12 degree E. and dip about 60 degree in opposite directions to the southeast (primary) and the northwest (secondary). This rock is cut by granitic dikes (intrusions) ranging in thickness from 2 to 50 feet and having an average strike of N. 20 degree W. and an average dip of 66 degree to the southwest. Depth to consolidated bedrock is considered moderate to deep, ranging from about 24 to 76 feet below land surface. The transition zone was delineated and described in each corehole near the well clusters but had a highly variable thickness ranging from about 1 to 20 feet. Thickness of the regolith (23 to 68 feet) and the transition zone do not appear to be related to topographic setting. Delineated bedrock fractures are dominantly low angle (possibly stress relief), which were observed to be open to partially open at depths of as much as 479 feet below land surface. Well yields ranged from about 3 to 50 gallons per minute. The connection of fracture zones at depth was demonstrated in three bedrock wells during a 48-hour aquifer test, and drawdown curves were similar for all three wells. General findings of this study help characterize ground-water flow in the Piedmont and Mountains ground-water systems. Ground-water flow generally is from high to low topographic settings. Ground-water flow discharges toward a surface-water boundary (Lake Norman), and vertical hydraulic gradients generally are downward in recharge areas and upward in discharge areas. Dominant water types are calcium-bicarbonate and are similar in all three zones (regolith, transition zone, and bedrock) of the ground-water system. Results of continuous ground-water-quality monitoring indicate that ground-water recharge may occur seasonally over a period of several months or after heavy rainfall periods over a shorter period of a few to several weeks.

Understanding relationships between morphology and ecosystem structure in a shallow tidal basins of Venice lagoon

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Giuseppina Persichillo, Maria; Taramelli, Andrea; Valentini, Emiliana; Filipponi, Federico; Meisina, Claudia; Zucca, Francesco

2014-05-01

Coastal wetlands represent complex ecosystems prone to continue fluctuation of their internal equilibrium. They are valuable natural resources characterized by the continue interactions between geomorphological and biological components. Their adaptation to changing conditions is highly dependent on the rate and extent of spatial and temporal processes and their responses are still poorly understood. According to this, the vulnerability assessment to natural and human made hazard have became fundamental to analyse the resilience of these areas, their ability to cope with the impacts from externally driven forces or the efforts needed to minimize the impacts (Gitay et al., 2011). The objective of this research is to develop a comprehensive and replicable method through the application of Multi-Source data analysis, based on the integration of Earth Observation data and field survey, to analyse a shallow tidal basin of salt marshes, located in the northern part of the Venice lagoon. The study site is characterised by relatively elevated areas colonized by halophytic vegetation, and tidal flats, with not vegetated areas, characterized by lower elevations. Sub-pixel processing techniques (Spectral Mixing Analysis - SMA) were used to analyse the spatial distribution of both vegetation and sediments typology. Furthermore the classifications were assayed in terms of spatial (Power law) and temporal (Empirical Orthogonal Functions) patterns, in order to find the main characteristics of the aforementioned spatial trends and their variation over time. The principal aim is to study the spatio-temporal evolution of this coastal wetland area, in order to indentify tipping points, namely thresholds, beyond which the system reaches critical state and the main climatic, hydrodynamic and morphological variables that may influence and increase this behaviour. This research represents a new approach to study the geomorphological processes and to improve the management and conservation planning for coastal areas. Reference: Gitay H., Finlayson C.M. and Davidson N.(2011) - A Framework for assessing the vulnerability of wetlands to climate change, Ramsar Technical Report No. 5, 1-18.

Study on the spectroscopic parameters and transition probabilities of 25 low-lying states of the AlC+ cation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Jicai; Shi, Deheng; Xing, Wei; Sun, Jinfeng; Zhu, Zunlue

2017-11-01

This paper investigates the spectroscopic parameters and transition probabilities of 25 low-lying states, which come from the first five dissociation channels of AlC+ cation. The potential energy curves are calculated with the complete active space self-consistent field method, which is followed by the valence internally contracted multireference configuration interaction approach with Davidson correction. Of these 25 states, only the 35Σ-state is repulsive; the c1Σ+, f1Π, and 15Π states have the double well; the first well of c1Σ+ state and the second well of 15Π state are very weakly bound; the first well of c1Σ+ state has no vibrational levels; the 25Π state and the double well of f1Π state have only several vibrational states; the B3Σ-, E3Σ+, D3Π, 15Σ+, 25Σ-, and 15Π states are inverted when the spin-orbit coupling effect is included. The avoided crossings exist between the B3Σ- and 33Σ- states, the c1Σ+ and d1Σ+ states, the f1Π and 31Π states, the 15Π and 25Π states, as well as the 25Π and 35Π states. Core-valence correlation and scalar relativistic corrections are considered. The extrapolation of potential energies to the complete basis set limit is done. The spectroscopic parameters and vibrational levels are determined for all the Λ-S and Ω bound states. The transition dipole moments are calculated. Franck-Condon factors of a great number of electronic transitions are evaluated. On the whole, the spin-orbit coupling effect on the spectroscopic parameters and vibrational levels is small except for very few states. The results determined in this paper could provide some powerful guidelines to observe these states in a spectroscopy experiment.

Combining 7Li NMR field-cycling relaxometry and stimulated-echo experiments: a powerful approach to lithium ion dynamics in solid-state electrolytes.

PubMed

Graf, Magnus; Kresse, Benjamin; Privalov, Alexei F; Vogel, Michael

2013-01-01

We use (7)Li NMR to study lithium ion dynamics in a (Li2S)-(P2S5) glass. In particular, it is shown that a combination of (7)Li field-cycling relaxometry and (7)Li stimulated-echo experiments allows us to cover a time window extending over 10 orders of magnitude without any gaps. While the (7)Li stimulated-echo method proved suitable to measure correlation functions F2(t) of lithium ion dynamics in solids in recent years, we establish the (7)Li field-cycling technique as a versatile tool to ascertain the spectral density J2(ω) of the lithium ionic motion in this contribution. It is found that the dynamic range of (7)Li field-cycling relaxometry is 10(-9)-10(-5)s and, hence, it complements in an ideal way that of (7)Li stimulated-echo experiments, which amounts to 10(-5)-10(1)s. Transformations between time and frequency domains reveal that the field-cycling and stimulated-echo approaches yield results for the translational motion of the lithium ions that are consistent both with each other and with findings for the motional narrowing of (7)Li NMR spectra of the studied (Li2S)-(P2S5) glass. In the (7)Li field-cycling studies of the (Li2S)-(P2S5) glass, we observe the translational ionic motion at higher temperatures and the nearly constant loss at lower temperatures. For the former motion, the frequency dependence of the measured spectral density is well described by a Cole-Davidson function. For the latter phenomenon, which was considered as an universal phenomenon of disordered solids in the literature, we find an exponential temperature dependence. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Influenza-Related Hospitalization and ED Visits in Children Less Than 5 Years: 2000–2011

PubMed Central

Jules, Astride; Grijalva, Carlos G.; Zhu, Yuwei; Talbot, H. Keipp; Williams, John V.; Poehling, Katherine A.; Chaves, Sandra S.; Edwards, Kathryn M.; Schaffner, William; Shay, David K.

2015-01-01

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In the United States, recommendations for annual influenza vaccination gradually expanded from 2004 to 2008, to include all children aged ≥6 months. The effects of these policies on vaccine uptake and influenza-associated health care encounters are unclear. The objectives of the study were to examine the annual incidence of influenza-related health care encounters and vaccine uptake among children age 6 to 59 months from 2000–2001 through 2010–2011 in Davidson County, TN. METHODS: We estimated the proportion of laboratory-confirmed influenza-related hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits by enrolling and testing children with acute respiratory illness or fever. We estimated influenza-related health care encounters by multiplying these proportions by the number of acute respiratory illness/fever hospitalizations and ED visits for county residents. We assessed temporal trends in vaccination coverage, and influenza-associated hospitalizations and ED visit rates. RESULTS: The proportion of fully vaccinated children increased from 6% in 2000–2001 to 38% in 2010–2011 (P < .05). Influenza-related hospitalizations ranged from 1.9 to 16.0 per 10 000 children (median 4.5) per year. Influenza-related ED visits ranged from 89 to 620 per 10 000 children (median 143) per year. Significant decreases in hospitalizations (P < .05) and increases in ED visits (P < .05) over time were not clearly related to vaccination trends. Influenza-related encounters were greater when influenza A(H3N2) circulated than during other years with median rates of 8.2 vs 3.2 hospitalizations and 307 vs 143 ED visits per 10 000 children, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza vaccination increased over time; however, the proportion of fully vaccinated children remained <50%. Influenza was associated with a substantial illness burden particularly when influenza A(H3N2) predominated. PMID:25489015

An Examination of Differences in Psychological Resilience between Social Anxiety Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the Context of Early Childhood Trauma

PubMed Central

Marx, Melanie; Young, Susanne Y.; Harvey, Justin; Rosenstein, David; Seedat, Soraya

2017-01-01

Background: Much of the research on anxiety disorders has focused on associated risk factors with less attention paid to factors such as resilience that may mitigate risk or offer protection in the face of psychopathology. Objective: This study sought to compare resilience in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) relative to age-, gender- and education- matched individuals with no psychiatric disorder. We further assessed the correlation of resilience scores with childhood trauma severity and type. Method: The sample comprised of 93 participants, 40 with SAD with childhood trauma), 22 with PTSD with childhood trauma, and 31 with no psychiatric disorder (i.e., healthy matched controls). Participants were administered the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire—Short Form (CTQ-SF), and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). The mean age of participants was 34 years (SD = 11). 52 Participants were female (55.9%) and 54 Caucasian (58.1%). Analysis of variance was used to assess for significant group differences in resilience scores. Non-parametric correlation analyses were conducted for resilience and different types of childhood trauma. Results: There were significant differences in resilience between the SAD and PTSD groups with childhood trauma, and controls. Both disorder groups had significantly lower levels of resilience than healthy controls. No significant correlation was found between total resilience scores and childhood trauma scores in the childhood trauma (SAD and PTSD) groups. However, in the combined dataset (SAD, PTSD, healthy controls), significant negative correlations were found between resilience scores and emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and total childhood trauma scores. Conclusions: Patients who have PTSD and SAD with childhood trauma appear to be significantly less resilient than those with no disorder. Assessing and addressing resilience in these disorders, particularly when childhood trauma is present, may facilitate long-term recovery and warrants further investigation. PMID:29312023

Screening results correlating to personality disorder traits in a new employee population of People’s Republic of China

PubMed Central

Tan, Yan; Liu, Yan; Wu, Lei

2016-01-01

Background Adaptation to a new environment may have an uncertain influence on young employees, whose values are still being formed during early adulthood. To understand the current mental status and further improve the mental health level of the new employee population of People’s Republic of China, we conducted a cross-sectional study to screen the prevalence and correlates of personality disorder (PD) traits in this population. Methods This study included all male participants who were new employees (those who had started working in approximately the last three months) from 12 machinery factories in People’s Republic of China. The Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ was used to evaluate the mental status of all participants. The Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale was used to assess the resilience of the study participants. Results A total of 3,960 male participants were included in the analysis. The mean age of the study participants was 18.7±1.5 years. The mean values of all PD subtypes were scored from 0.74 to 2.90, with a total of 16.85. Of all 10 PD traits, obsessive–compulsive, histrionic, and narcissistic scored the highest. PD traits scored significantly higher among participants who had higher education levels, came from a single-parent (divorced or separated) family, were raised in a neglectful parental rearing pattern, were the only child of the family, were living in city areas, or had a lower family income. All subtype PD traits were significantly and negatively correlated with resilience. Conclusion Education level, single-parent family, parental rearing pattern, only-child status, living place, and family income may influence the development of PD traits. Additional high-quality studies are needed to learn more about the mental health status of new employees. Optimal interventions are warranted to avoid potential adverse events in this population. PMID:27785032

An Examination of Differences in Psychological Resilience between Social Anxiety Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the Context of Early Childhood Trauma.

PubMed

Marx, Melanie; Young, Susanne Y; Harvey, Justin; Rosenstein, David; Seedat, Soraya

2017-01-01

Background: Much of the research on anxiety disorders has focused on associated risk factors with less attention paid to factors such as resilience that may mitigate risk or offer protection in the face of psychopathology. Objective: This study sought to compare resilience in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) relative to age-, gender- and education- matched individuals with no psychiatric disorder. We further assessed the correlation of resilience scores with childhood trauma severity and type. Method: The sample comprised of 93 participants, 40 with SAD with childhood trauma), 22 with PTSD with childhood trauma, and 31 with no psychiatric disorder (i.e., healthy matched controls). Participants were administered the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). The mean age of participants was 34 years ( SD = 11). 52 Participants were female (55.9%) and 54 Caucasian (58.1%). Analysis of variance was used to assess for significant group differences in resilience scores. Non-parametric correlation analyses were conducted for resilience and different types of childhood trauma. Results: There were significant differences in resilience between the SAD and PTSD groups with childhood trauma, and controls. Both disorder groups had significantly lower levels of resilience than healthy controls. No significant correlation was found between total resilience scores and childhood trauma scores in the childhood trauma (SAD and PTSD) groups. However, in the combined dataset (SAD, PTSD, healthy controls), significant negative correlations were found between resilience scores and emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and total childhood trauma scores. Conclusions: Patients who have PTSD and SAD with childhood trauma appear to be significantly less resilient than those with no disorder. Assessing and addressing resilience in these disorders, particularly when childhood trauma is present, may facilitate long-term recovery and warrants further investigation.

Mindfulness, Resilience, and Burnout Subtypes in Primary Care Physicians: The Possible Mediating Role of Positive and Negative Affect.

PubMed

Montero-Marin, Jesús; Tops, Mattie; Manzanera, Rick; Piva Demarzo, Marcelo M; Álvarez de Mon, Melchor; García-Campayo, Javier

2015-01-01

Primary care health professionals suffer from high levels of burnout. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the associations of mindfulness and resilience with the features of the burnout types (overload, lack of development, neglect) in primary care physicians, taking into account the potential mediating role of negative and positive affect. A cross-sectional design was used. Six hundred and twenty-two Spanish primary care physicians were recruited from an online survey. The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and Burnout Clinical Subtype Questionnaire (BCSQ-12) questionnaires were administered. Polychoric correlation matrices were calculated. The unweighted least squares (ULS) method was used for developing structural equation modeling. Mindfulness and resilience presented moderately high associations (φ = 0.46). Links were found between mindfulness and overload (γ = -0.25); resilience and neglect (γ = -0.44); mindfulness and resilience, and negative affect (γ = -0.30 and γ = -0.35, respectively); resilience and positive affect (γ = 0.70); negative affect and overload (β = 0.36); positive affect and lack of development (β = -0.16). The links between the burnout types reached high and positive values between overload and lack of development (β = 0.64), and lack of development and neglect (β = 0.52). The model was a very good fit to the data (GFI = 0.96; AGFI = 0.96; RMSR = 0.06; NFI = 0.95; RFI = 0.95; PRATIO = 0.96). Interventions addressing both mindfulness and resilience can influence burnout subtypes, but their impact may occur in different ways, potentially mediated by positive and negative affect. Both sorts of trainings could constitute possible tools against burnout; however, while mindfulness seems a suitable intervention for preventing its initial stages, resilience may be more effective for treating its advanced stages.

Configuration interaction studies on the spectroscopic properties of PbO including spin-orbit coupling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Luo; Rui, Li; Zhiqiang, Gai; RuiBo, Ai; Hongmin, Zhang; Xiaomei, Zhang; Bing, Yan

2016-07-01

Lead oxide (PbO), which plays the key roles in a range of research fields, has received a great deal of attention. Owing to the large density of electronic states and heavy atom Pb including in PbO, the excited states of the molecule have not been well studied. In this work, high level multireference configuration interaction calculations on the low-lying states of PbO have been carried out by utilizing the relativistic effective core potential. The effects of the core-valence correlation correction, the Davidson modification, and the spin-orbital coupling on the electronic structure of the PbO molecule are estimated. The potential energy curves of 18 Λ-S states correlated to the lowest dissociation limit (Pb (3Pg) + O(3Pg)) are reported. The calculated spectroscopic parameters of the electronic states below 30000 cm-1, for instance, X1Σ+, 13Σ+, and 13Σ-, and their spin-orbit coupling interaction, are compared with the experimental results, and good agreements are derived. The dipole moments of the 18 Λ-S states are computed with the configuration interaction method, and the calculated dipole moments of X1Σ+ and 13Σ+ are consistent with the previous experimental results. The transition dipole moments from 11Π, 21Π, and 21Σ+ to X1Σ+ and other singlet excited states are estimated. The radiative lifetime of several low-lying vibrational levels of 11Π, 21Π, and 21Σ+ states are evaluated. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11404180 and 11574114), the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province, China (Grant No. A2015010), the University Nursing Program for Young Scholars with Creative Talents in Heilongjiang Province, China (Grant No. UNPYSCT-2015095), and the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province, China (Grant No. 20150101003JC).

Positive psychological factors are associated with lower PTSD symptoms among police officers: post Hurricane Katrina.

PubMed

McCanlies, Erin C; Mnatsakanova, Anna; Andrew, Michael E; Burchfiel, Cecil M; Violanti, John M

2014-12-01

Following Hurricane Katrina, police officers in the New Orleans geographic area faced a number of challenges. This cross-sectional study examined the association between resilience, satisfaction with life, gratitude, posttraumatic growth, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in 84 male and 30 female police officers from Louisiana. Protective factors were measured using the Connor-Davidson Resilience scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Gratitude Questionnaire, and the Posttraumatic Growth inventory. Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder were measured using the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist--Civilian (PCL-C). Potential associations were measured using linear regression and analysis of variance. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race, education, and alcohol. Mean PCL-C symptoms were 29.5 ± 14.5 for females and 27.8 ± 12.1 for males. Adjusted mean levels of PCL-C symptoms significantly decreased as quartiles of resilience (p < .001), satisfaction with life (p < .001), and gratitude (p < .001) increased. In contrast, PCL-C symptoms were not associated with posttraumatic growth in this sample. These results indicate that positive factors such as resilience, satisfaction with life, and gratitude may help mitigate symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. To further explore these relationships, longitudinal follow-up in a larger population would be of interest. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Positive Psychological Factors are Associated with Lower PTSD Symptoms among Police Officers: Post Hurricane Katrina

PubMed Central

McCanlies, Erin C.; Mnatsakanova, Anna; Andrew, Michael E.; Burchfiel, Cecil M.; Violanti, John M.

2015-01-01

Following Hurricane Katrina, police officers in the New Orleans geographic area faced a number of challenges. This cross-sectional study examined the association between resilience, satisfaction with life, gratitude, posttraumatic growth, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in 84 male and 30 female police officers from Louisiana. Protective factors were measured using the Connor–Davidson Resilience scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Gratitude Questionnaire, and the Posttraumatic Growth inventory. Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder were measured using the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist—Civilian (PCL-C). Potential associations were measured using linear regression and analysis of variance. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race, education, and alcohol. Mean PCL-C symptoms were 29.5 ± 14.5 for females and 27.8 ± 12.1 for males. Adjusted mean levels of PCL-C symptoms significantly decreased as quartiles of resilience (p <.001), satisfaction with life (p <.001), and gratitude (p <.001) increased. In contrast, PCL-C symptoms were not associated with posttraumatic growth in this sample. These results indicate that positive factors such as resilience, satisfaction with life, and gratitude may help mitigate symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. To further explore these relationships, longitudinal follow-up in a larger population would be of interest. PMID:25476965

Implementing the World Report on Disability in Malaysia: a student-led service to promote knowledge and innovation.

PubMed

Van Dort, Sandra; Coyle, Julia; Wilson, Linda; Ibrahim, Hasherah Mohd

2013-02-01

The lead article by Wylie, McAllister, Davidson, and Marshall (2013) puts forward pertinent issues facing the speech-language pathology profession raised by the World Report on Disability. This paper continues the discussion by reporting on a capacity building action research study on the development, implementation, and evaluation of a new approach to early intervention speech-language pathology through clinical education in Malaysia. This research evaluated a student-led service in community-based rehabilitation that supplemented existing and more typical institution-based services. A Malaysian community-based rehabilitation project was chosen due to its emphasis on increasing the equitability and accessibility of services for people with disabilities which was a catalyst for this research. Also, expanding awareness-building, education, and training activities about communication disability was important. The intention was to provide students with experience of working in such settings, and facilitate their development as advocates for broadening the scope of practice of speech-language pathology services in Malaysia. This article focuses on the findings pertaining to the collaborative process and the learning experiences of the adult participants. Through reflection on the positive achievements, as well as some failures, it aims to provide deeper understanding of the use of such a model.

Adults' Daily Walking for Travel and Leisure: Interaction Between Attitude Toward Walking and the Neighborhood Environment.

PubMed

Yang, Yong; Diez-Roux, Ana V

2017-09-01

Studies on how the interaction of psychological and environmental characteristics influences walking are limited, and the results are inconsistent. Our aim is to examine how the attitude toward walking and neighborhood environments interacts to influence walking. Cross-sectional phone and mail survey. Participants randomly sampled from 6 study sites including Los Angeles, Chicago, Baltimore, Minneapolis, Manhattan, and Bronx Counties in New York City, and Forsyth and Davidson Counties in North Carolina. The final sample consisted of 2621 persons from 2011 to 2012. Total minutes of walking for travel or leisure, attitude toward walking, and perceptions of the neighborhood environments were self-reported. Street Smart (SS) Walk Score (a measure of walkability derived from a variety of geographic data) was obtained for each residential location. Linear regression models adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, and income. Attitude toward walking was positively associated with walking for both purposes. Walking for travel was significantly associated with SS Walk Score, whereas walking for leisure was not. The SS Walk Score and selected perceived environment characteristics were associated with walking in people with a very positive attitude toward walking but were not associated with walking in people with a less positive attitude. Attitudes toward walking and neighborhood environments interact to affect walking behavior.

"From your own thinking you can't help us": intercultural collaboration to address inequities in services for Indigenous Australians in response to the World Report on Disability.

PubMed

Lowell, Anne

2013-02-01

Inequity in service provision for Indigenous Australians with communication disability is an issue requiring urgent attention. In the lead article, Wylie, McAllister, Davidson, and Marshall (2013) note that, even in the relatively affluent Minority World, including Australia, equity in service provision for people with communication disability has not been achieved. In remote communities in the Northern Territory (NT) almost all residents speak a language other than English as their primary language. However, there are no speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in the NT who speak an Indigenous language or who share their cultural background. Specific data on the prevalence of communication disability in this population are unavailable due to a range of factors. The disability data that are available, for example, demonstrating the high level of conductive hearing loss, indicates that the risk of communication disability in this population is particularly high. Change is urgently needed to address current inequities in both availability of, and access to, culturally responsive services for Indigenous people with communication disability. Such change must engage Indigenous people in a collaborative process that recognizes their expertise in identifying both their needs and the most effective form of response to these needs.

Psychological resilience is associated with more intact social functioning in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder and depression.

PubMed

Wingo, Aliza P; Briscione, Maria; Norrholm, Seth D; Jovanovic, Tanja; McCullough, S Ashley; Skelton, Kelly; Bradley, Bekh

2017-03-01

Patients with depression or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), common sequelae among individuals exposed to stressful or traumatic events, often report impairment in social functioning. Resilience is a multidimensional construct that enables adaptive coping with life adversity. Relationship between resilience and social functioning among veterans with depression and PTSD is not entirely clear and is the focus of this report. Resilience was assessed in 264 veterans using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, PTSD with the PTSD Symptom Scale, depression with the Beck Depression Inventory, and social functioning with the Short Form Health Survey. Higher resilience was associated with more intact social functioning after PTSD and depression severity, childhood maltreatment, physical health, gender, education, marital status, and employment were simultaneously adjusted for. Childhood maltreatment, gender, marital status, education, and employment did not predict social functioning; however, greater severity of PTSD, depression, or physical health problems was each significantly associated with more impaired social functioning. Our findings suggest that higher resilience was associated with more intact social functioning regardless of the severity of PTSD and depression. Given the importance of social functioning in depression and/or PTSD recovery, studies are needed to examine if enhancing resilience presents a complementary approach to alleviating impaired social functioning. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Conservation of North Pacific shorebirds

USGS Publications Warehouse

Gill, Robert E.; Butler, Robert W.; Tomkovich, Pavel S.; Mundkur, Taej; Handel, Colleen M.

1994-01-01

In his introduction to the 1979 Symposium proceedings entitled “Shorebirds in Marine Environments," Frank Pitelka stressed the need for studies and conservation programs that spanned the western hemisphere (Pitelka 1979). In the 15 years since Pitelka's call to arms, the locations of many important migratory and wintering sites for shorebirds have been identified in the Americas (Senner and Howe 1984, Morrison and Ross 1989, Morrison and Butler 1994) and in the East Asian-Australasian flyway (Lane and Parish 1991, Mundkur 1993, Watkins 1993). However, assessments for Central America, the Russian Far East and most of Oceania remain incomplete or lacking.The recognition that shorebird conservation required the protection of habitats throughout the birds' range (e.g., Morrison 1984, Davidson and Evans 1989 in Ens et al. 1990) prompted the establishment of the Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network (WHSRN) in the Americas in 1985 (Joyce 1986). This program complemented the 1971 Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially for Waterbirds (Ramsar Convention, Smart 1987), recognized by more that 50 countries world-wide.Our purpose for writing this paper is to: (1) describe the distribution of North Pacific shorebirds throughout their annual cycle; (2) review the locations of and threats to important sites used by North Pacific shorebirds during the breeding, migration, and wintering periods, and (3) outline a program for international conservation of Pacific shorebirds.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Moore, Keith; McLaughlin, Brendan M.; Lane, Ian C., E-mail: i.lane@qub.ac.uk

BaH (and its isotopomers) is an attractive molecular candidate for laser cooling to ultracold temperatures and a potential precursor for the production of ultracold gases of hydrogen and deuterium. The theoretical challenge is to simulate the laser cooling cycle as reliably as possible and this paper addresses the generation of a highly accurate ab initio {sup 2}Σ{sup +} potential for such studies. The performance of various basis sets within the multi-reference configuration-interaction (MRCI) approximation with the Davidson correction is tested and taken to the Complete Basis Set (CBS) limit. It is shown that the calculated molecular constants using a 46more » electron effective core-potential and even-tempered augmented polarized core-valence basis sets (aug-pCVnZ-PP, n = 4 and 5) but only including three active electrons in the MRCI calculation are in excellent agreement with the available experimental values. The predicted dissociation energy D{sub e} for the X{sup 2}Σ{sup +} state (extrapolated to the CBS limit) is 16 895.12 cm{sup −1} (2.094 eV), which agrees within 0.1% of a revised experimental value of <16 910.6 cm{sup −1}, while the calculated r{sub e} is within 0.03 pm of the experimental result.« less

Community Resilience, Psychological Resilience, and Depressive Symptoms: An Examination of the Mississippi Gulf Coast 10 Years After Hurricane Katrina and 5 Years After the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill.

PubMed

Lee, Joohee; Blackmon, Bret J; Cochran, David M; Kar, Bandana; Rehner, Timothy A; Gunnell, Mauri Stubbs

2018-04-01

This study examined the role of community resilience and psychological resilience on depressive symptoms in areas on the Mississippi Gulf Coast that have experienced multiple disasters. Survey administration took place in the spring of 2015 to a spatially stratified, random sample of households. This analysis included a total of 294 subjects who lived in 1 of the 3 counties of the Mississippi Gulf Coast at the time of both Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in 2010. The survey included the Communities Advancing Resilience Toolkit (CART) scale, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC 10), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). There was a significant inverse relationship between psychological resilience and depressive symptoms and a significant positive relationship between community resilience and psychological resilience. The results also revealed that community resilience was indirectly related to depressive symptoms through the mediating variable of psychological resilience. These findings highlight the importance of psychological resilience in long-term disaster recovery and imply that long-term recovery efforts should address factors associated with both psychological and community resilience to improve mental health outcomes. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:241-248).

Relationship between prenatal maternal stress and sleep quality in Chinese pregnant women: the mediation effect of resilience.

PubMed

Li, Guopeng; Kong, Linghua; Zhou, Haiyan; Kang, Xiaofei; Fang, Yueyan; Li, Ping

2016-09-01

To examine the relationship between prenatal maternal stress, resilience, and sleep quality, and to determine whether resilience plays a mediating role in the relationship between prenatal maternal stress and sleep quality among pregnant women. Two hundred and thirty-one pregnant women in their second trimester participated in the study. They completed questionnaires, including: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale (PSRS), and the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10). A structural equation model was used to analyze the relationships among prenatal maternal stress, resilience, and sleep quality, with resilience as a mediator. Prenatal maternal stress was negatively associated with sleep quality in pregnant women (p < 0.01), whereas resilience was positively associated with sleep quality (p < 0.01). Furthermore, resilience mediated the relationship between prenatal maternal stress and sleep quality, and the mediation effect ratio was 22.0% (p < 0.01). The risk factor for disturbed sleep was pregnancy-specific stress; however, the protective factor for sleep quality was resilience. This finding could provide scientific evidence for the development of intervention strategies with which to improve sleep quality in pregnant women. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The Benefits of Indirect Exposure to Trauma: The Relationships among Vicarious Posttraumatic Growth, Social Support, and Resilience in Ambulance Personnel in China.

PubMed

Kang, Xiaofei; Fang, Yueyan; Li, Sihan; Liu, Yadong; Zhao, Di; Feng, Xiujuan; Wang, Yaqi; Li, Ping

2018-04-27

Ambulance personnel who witness trauma experienced by patients have been reported to experience positive changes, known as vicarious posttraumatic growth (VPTG). We examined VPTG and its relationship with social support and resilience among ambulance personnel. The sample (n=227) was recruited from six emergency centers in China. The measures included the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10). Structure Equation Modeling (SEM) and the bootstrapping procedure were used to examine indirect effects. The participants' mean score for VPTG was 68.96 (SD=15.51). Social support had significant direct effects on resilience (β=0.51, p<0.001) and VPTG (β=0.25, p=0.001), and resilience (β=0.58, p<0.001) had a significant direct effect on VPTG. Furthermore, social support had a significant indirect effect (0.51×0.58=0.30, p<0.001) on VPTG through resilience. Although the nature of the work of ambulance personnel is not expected to change, the negative effects of the trauma they encounter can be reduced by providing them with more support resources and interventions to foster their resilience, which in turn, promote VPTG.

Moderating effects of a postdisaster intervention on risk and resilience factors associated with posttraumatic stress disorder in Chinese children.

PubMed

Fu, Christine; Leoutsakos, Jeannie-Marie; Underwood, Carol

2013-12-01

This study is an evaluation of a psychosocial intervention involving child and adolescent survivors of the 2008 Sichuan China earthquake. Sociodemographics, earthquake-related risk exposure, resilience using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using the UCLA-PTSD Index were collected from 1,988 intervention participants and 2,132 controls. Mean resilience scores and the odds of PTSD did not vary between groups. The independent factors for risk and resilience and the dependent variable, PTSD, in the measurement models between control and intervention groups were equivalent. The structural model of risk and 2 resilience factors on PTSD was examined and found to be unequivalent between groups. In contrast to controls, risk exposure (B = −0.32, p <.001) in the intervention group was negatively associated with PTSD. Rational thinking (B = −0.48, p < .001), a resilience factor, was more negatively associated with PTSD in the intervention group. The second resilience factor explored, self-awareness, was positively associated with PTSD in both groups (B = 0.46 for controls, p < .001, and B = 0.69 for intervention, p < .001). Results highlight the need for more cross-cultural research in resilience theory to develop culturally appropriate interventions and evaluation measures.

Internally driven inertial waves in geodynamo simulations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ranjan, A.; Davidson, P. A.; Christensen, U. R.; Wicht, J.

2018-05-01

Inertial waves are oscillations in a rotating fluid, such as the Earth's outer core, which result from the restoring action of the Coriolis force. In an earlier work, it was argued by Davidson that inertial waves launched near the equatorial regions could be important for the α2 dynamo mechanism, as they can maintain a helicity distribution which is negative (positive) in the north (south). Here, we identify such internally driven inertial waves, triggered by buoyant anomalies in the equatorial regions in a strongly forced geodynamo simulation. Using the time derivative of vertical velocity, ∂uz/∂t, as a diagnostic for traveling wave fronts, we find that the horizontal movement in the buoyancy field near the equator is well correlated with a corresponding movement of the fluid far from the equator. Moreover, the azimuthally averaged spectrum of ∂uz/∂t lies in the inertial wave frequency range. We also test the dispersion properties of the waves by computing the spectral energy as a function of frequency, ϖ, and the dispersion angle, θ. Our results suggest that the columnar flow in the rotation-dominated core, which is an important ingredient for the maintenance of a dipolar magnetic field, is maintained despite the chaotic evolution of the buoyancy field on a fast timescale by internally driven inertial waves.

Is trait resilience characterized by specific patterns of attentional bias to emotional stimuli and attentional control?

PubMed

Schäfer, Judith; Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich; Höfler, Michael; Heinrich, Anke; Zimmermann, Peter; Siegel, Stefan; Schönfeld, Sabine

2015-09-01

Attentional processes have been suggested to play a crucial role in resilience defined as positive adaptation facing adversity. However, research is lacking on associations between attentional biases to positive and threat-related stimuli, attentional control and trait resilience. Data stem from the follow-up assessment of a longitudinal study investigating mental health and related factors among German soldiers. Trait resilience was assessed with the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and attentional control with the Attentional Control Scale. A subset of n = 198 soldiers also completed a dot probe task with happy, neutral and threatening faces. Attentional control was positively related to trait resilience. Results revealed no associations between both attentional biases and trait resilience. However, there was a negative association between attentional bias to threat and trait resilience when attentional control was low and a positive association between attentional bias to threat and trait resilience when attentional control was high. No such associations were found for attentional bias to positive stimuli. Generalizability to other populations may be limited since we exclusively focused on male soldiers. Also, the cross-sectional design does not allow for causal conclusions. Findings suggest that attentional processing may promote trait resilience. Future research on preventive interventions should consider these findings. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The role of impulsivity in self-mutilators, suicide ideators and suicide attempters - a study of 1265 male incarcerated individuals.

PubMed

Carli, Vladimir; Jovanović, Nikolina; Podlesek, Anja; Roy, Alec; Rihmer, Zoltan; Maggi, Stefania; Marusic, Dragan; Cesaro, Caterina; Marusic, Andrej; Sarchiapone, Marco

2010-06-01

We explored differences between high and low-impulsive incarcerated individuals in the context of lifetime self-mutilation, suicide ideation and suicide attempt. A total of 1265 males detained in Italian penitentiary institutions were studied between January 2006 and December 2008. The study raters were specifically trained to discriminate between suicide attempters, ideators and self-mutilators. Participants completed the Barratt Impulsivity Scale, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Brown-Goodwin Assessment for Lifetime History of Aggression (BGLHA) and Buss and Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI). Based on BIS 7 total score distribution, two extreme quarters - high-impulsive group (n=306) and low-impulsive group (n=285) - were compared. Over 42% of participants had lifetime suicide ideation, 13% attempted suicide and 17% were self-mutilators. High-impulsive subjects were younger, more often single and with more prominent psychoticism, extraversion, aggression, hostility and resilience capacity. They were more frequently diagnosed with substance use disorders and engaged in self-mutilating behaviour. There was no difference in the rate of suicide attempts between the two groups. Although high-impulsive subjects were more prone to suicidal behaviour, it was not predicted by higher impulsivity when other psychological variables were accounted for. Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A perspective from Bolivia on the implications of the World Report on Disability for people with communication disabilities.

PubMed

Buell, Susan

2013-02-01

Implications of the World Report on Disability for people with communication disabilities (PWCD), as described by Wylie, McAllister, Davidson, and Marshall (2013), include a drive for better demographic information, increased campaigning, and organizational change to improve speech-language pathology services. Qualitative data collected from PWCD and their families in Bolivia provide the baseline for this response. The benefits of collecting population survey information are recognized, but data reinforce the continued need to ensure a positive impact at caseload level. In a country where rhetoric is far removed from lived experience, the starting points for change are very different from those in Minority world countries. A supply and demand model is suggested as an equitable way of balancing efforts to overcome barriers to a better service. Knowledge and information are shown to be key in catalyzing the demand side for the service, while the importance of a solid evidence base for practice would help to improve supply. Although a warning against importing dominant Minority world models of service delivery is outlined by Wylie et al., findings from Bolivia support a more hybrid and nuanced approach that takes into account complex global influences of information flows, past and present.

Specific pain complaints in Iraq and Afghanistan veterans screening positive for post-traumatic stress disorder.

PubMed

Moeller-Bertram, Tobias; Afari, Niloofar; Mostoufi, Sheeva; Fink, David S; Johnson Wright, Lisa; Baker, Dewleen G

2014-01-01

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and pain are highly comorbid. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of PTSD with specific pain complaints in veterans of Operations Enduring and Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF). A total of 381 primarily male (88.5%) veterans with a mean age of 30 years completed a battery of self-report questionnaires. A positive PTSD screen was defined as a score of ≥40 on the Davidson Trauma Scale. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of positive PTSD screen with specific pain complaints. There were no significant demographic or physical and mental health differences between veterans who screened positive for PTSD only and those with PTSD and at least one pain complaint, although differences on rates of combat injury and depression approached significance. Veterans who screened positive for PTSD were 2 to 3 times more likely to report abdominal pain, muscle aches or cramps, and joint aches, even after controlling for age, gender, combat injury, and depression. Similar to findings in other populations, there is a relationship between PTSD and pain complaints in OEF/OIF veterans. Future research should examine the mechanisms that link PTSD with specific pain complaints, especially abdominal pain. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Inertia and Double Bending of Light from Equivalence

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shuler, Robert L., Jr.

2010-01-01

Careful examination of light paths in an accelerated reference frame, with use of Special Relativity, can account fully for the observed bending of light in a gravitational field, not just half of it as reported in 1911. This analysis also leads to a Machian formulation of inertia similar to the one proposed by Einstein in 1912 and later derived from gravitational field equations in Minkowsky Space by Sciama in 1953. There is a clear inference from equivalence that there is some type of inertial mass increase in a gravitational field. It is the purpose of the current paper to suggest that equivalence provides a more complete picture of gravitational effects than previously thought, correctly predicting full light bending, and that since the theory of inertia is derivable from equivalence, any theory based on equivalence must take account of it. Einstein himself clearly was not satisfied with the status of inertia in GRT, as our quotes have shown. Many have tried to account for inertia and met with less than success, for example Davidson s integration of Sciama s inertia into GRT but only for a steady state cosmology [10], and the Machian gravity theory of Brans and Dicke [11]. Yet Mach s idea hasn t gone away, and now it seems that it cannot go away without also disposing of equivalence.

Relationship between Resilience and Self-regulation: A Study of Spanish Youth at Risk of Social Exclusion

PubMed Central

Artuch-Garde, Raquel; González-Torres, Maria del Carmen; de la Fuente, Jesús; Vera, M. Mariano; Fernández-Cabezas, María; López-García, Mireia

2017-01-01

The ability to self-regulate behavior is one of the most important protective factors in relation with resilience and should be fostered especially in at-risk youth. Previous research has characterized these students as having behaviors indicating lack of foresight. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothetical relationship between these personal variables. It was hypothesized that self-regulation would be associated with and would be a good predictor of resilience, and that low-medium-high levels of self-regulation would lead to similar levels of resilience. The participants were 365 students -aged 15 and 21- from Navarre (Spain) who were enrolled in Initial Vocational Qualification Programs (IVQP). For the assessment, the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the Short Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SSRQ) were applied. We carried out linear association analyses (correlational and structural) and non-linear interdependence analyses (MANOVA) between the two constructs. Relationships between them were significant and positive. Learning from mistakes (self-regulation) was a significant predictor of coping and confidence, tenacity and adaptation, and tolerance to negative situations (resilience). Likewise, low-medium-high levels of self-regulation correlated with scores on resilience factors. Implications of these results for educational practice and for future research are discussed. PMID:28473792

Parenting style, resilience, and mental health of community-dwelling elderly adults in China.

PubMed

Zhong, Xue; Wu, Daxing; Nie, Xueqing; Xia, Jie; Li, Mulei; Lei, Feng; Lim, Haikel A; Kua, Ee-Heok; Mahendran, Rathi

2016-07-08

Given the increasing elderly population worldwide, the identification of potential determinants of successful ageing is important. Many studies have shown that parenting style and mental resilience may influence mental health; however, little is known about the psychological mechanisms that underpin this relationship. The current study sought to explore the relationships among mental resilience, perceptions of parents' parenting style, and depression and anxiety among community-dwelling elderly adults in China. In total, 439 community-dwelling elderly Chinese adults aged 60-91 years completed the Personal and Parents' Parenting Style Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, and Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. Elderly adults whose parents preferred positive and authoritative parenting styles had higher levels of mental resilience and lower levels of depression and anxiety. Elderly adults parented in the authoritarian style were found to have higher levels of depression and anxiety, with lower mental resilience. The findings of this study provide evidence related to successful ageing and coping with life pressures, and highlight the important effects of parenting on mental health. The results suggest that examination of the proximal determinants of successful ageing is not sufficient-distal factors may also contribute to the 'success' of ageing by modifying key psychological dispositions that promote adaptation to adversity.

Pettiness: Conceptualization, measurement and cross-cultural differences.

PubMed

Ng, Reuben; Levy, Becca

2018-01-01

Although pettiness, defined as the tendency to get agitated over trivial matters, is a facet of neuroticism which has negative health implications, no measure exists. The goal of the current study was to develop, and validate a short pettiness scale. In Study 1 (N = 2136), Exploratory Factor Analysis distilled a one-factor model with five items. Convergent validity was established using the Big Five Inventory, DASS, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale. As predicted, pettiness was positively associated with neuroticism, depression, anxiety and stress but negatively related to extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, life satisfaction and resilience. Also, as predicted, pettiness was not significantly related to physical functioning, or blind and constructive patriotism, indicating discriminant validity. Confirmatory Factor Analysis in Study 2 (N = 734) revealed a stable one-factor model of pettiness. In Study 3 (N = 532), the scale, which showed a similar factor structure in the USA and Singapore, also reflected predicted cross-cultural patterns: Pettiness was found to be significantly lower in the United States, a culture categorized as "looser" than in Singapore, a culture classified as "tighter" in terms of Gelfand and colleagues' framework of national tendencies to oppose social deviance. Results suggest that this brief 5-item tool is a reliable and valid measure of pettiness, and its use in health research is encouraged.

Identification of post traumatic stress disorder and risk factors in military first responders 6 months after Wen Chuan earthquake in China.

PubMed

Wang, Huanlin; Jin, Hua; Nunnink, Sarah E; Guo, Wei; Sun, Jian; Shi, Jianan; Zhao, Bin; Bi, Yinhau; Yan, Tongjun; Yu, Haiying; Wang, Guangjian; Gao, Zhiqing; Zhao, Hanqing; Ou, Yanghui; Song, Zixiagn; Chen, Fangbin; Lohr, James B; Baker, Dewleen G

2011-04-01

Military personnel commonly serve as first responders to natural disasters. Our aim is to identify Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and determine risk in military responders to the Wen Chuan earthquake. Analyses were carried out on 1056 of the 1125 soldiers enrolled. In addition to social demographic characteristics, the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) and an Earthquake exposure screening scale were administered. PTSD prevalence was 6.53% (69 cases). Logistic regression indicated that intensity of traumatic exposure (odds ratio 6.46, 95% CI 4.47-9.32, p<0.001), not having received psychological counseling (odds ratio 3.28, 95% CI 1.31-8.20, p<0.02) and regular drinking (odds ratio 2.42, 95% CI 1.04-5.62, p<0.05) were significant predictors of PTSD. Being a single-child, not being raised by both parents and regular smoking also independently predicted PTSD if intensity of earthquake traumatic exposure was not included in the model. The self-rated DTS was used to classify PTSD in this study and psychiatric co-morbidity outside of PTSD was not assessed in this sample. PTSD is a concern for Military disaster responders; to identify those with high risk of developing PTSD would be important and beneficial. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Dielectric relaxation studies of binary mixture of β-picoline and methanol using time domain reflectometry at different temperatures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Trivedi, C. M.; Rana, V. A.; Hudge, P. G.; Kumbharkhane, A. C.

2016-08-01

Complex permittivity spectra of binary mixtures of varying concentrations of β-picoline and Methanol (MeOH) have been obtained using time domain reflectometry (TDR) technique over frequency range 10 MHz to 25 GHz at 283.15, 288.15, 293.15 and 298.15 K temperatures. The dielectric relaxation parameters namely static permittivity (ɛ0), high frequency limit permittivity (ɛ∞1) and the relaxation time (τ) were determined by fitting complex permittivity data to the single Debye/Cole-Davidson model. Complex nonlinear least square (CNLS) fitting procedure was carried out using LEVMW software. The excess permittivity (ɛ0E) and the excess inverse relaxation time (1/τ)E which contain information regarding molecular structure and interaction between polar-polar liquids were also determined. From the experimental data, parameters such as effective Kirkwood correlation factor (geff), Bruggeman factor (fB) and some thermo dynamical parameters have been calculated. Excess parameters were fitted to the Redlich-Kister polynomial equation. The values of static permittivity and relaxation time increase nonlinearly with increase in the mol-fraction of MeOH at all temperatures. The values of excess static permittivity (ɛ0E) and the excess inverse relaxation time (1/τ)E are negative for the studied β-picoline — MeOH system at all temperatures.

A 67-Item Stress Resilience item bank showing high content validity was developed in a psychosomatic sample.

PubMed

Obbarius, Nina; Fischer, Felix; Obbarius, Alexander; Nolte, Sandra; Liegl, Gregor; Rose, Matthias

2018-04-10

To develop the first item bank to measure Stress Resilience (SR) in clinical populations. Qualitative item development resulted in an initial pool of 131 items covering a broad theoretical SR concept. These items were tested in n=521 patients at a psychosomatic outpatient clinic. Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), as well as other state-of-the-art item analyses and IRT were used for item evaluation and calibration of the final item bank. Out of the initial item pool of 131 items, we excluded 64 items (54 factor loading <.5, 4 residual correlations >.3, 2 non-discriminative Item Response Curves, 4 Differential Item Functioning). The final set of 67 items indicated sufficient model fit in CFA and IRT analyses. Additionally, a 10-item short form with high measurement precision (SE≤.32 in a theta range between -1.8 and +1.5) was derived. Both the SR item bank and the SR short form were highly correlated with an existing static legacy tool (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale). The final SR item bank and 10-item short form showed good psychometric properties. When further validated, they will be ready to be used within a framework of Computer-Adaptive Tests for a comprehensive assessment of the Stress-Construct. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.