Space-time domain solutions of the wave equation by a non-singular boundary integral method and Fourier transform.

PubMed

Klaseboer, Evert; Sepehrirahnama, Shahrokh; Chan, Derek Y C

2017-08-01

The general space-time evolution of the scattering of an incident acoustic plane wave pulse by an arbitrary configuration of targets is treated by employing a recently developed non-singular boundary integral method to solve the Helmholtz equation in the frequency domain from which the space-time solution of the wave equation is obtained using the fast Fourier transform. The non-singular boundary integral solution can enforce the radiation boundary condition at infinity exactly and can account for multiple scattering effects at all spacings between scatterers without adverse effects on the numerical precision. More generally, the absence of singular kernels in the non-singular integral equation confers high numerical stability and precision for smaller numbers of degrees of freedom. The use of fast Fourier transform to obtain the time dependence is not constrained to discrete time steps and is particularly efficient for studying the response to different incident pulses by the same configuration of scatterers. The precision that can be attained using a smaller number of Fourier components is also quantified.

Darboux theorems and Wronskian formulas for integrable systems I. Constrained KP flows

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oevel, W.

1993-05-01

Generalizations of the classical Darboux theorem are established for pseudo-differential scattering operators of the form L = limit∑i=0N u i∂ i + limitΣi=1m Φ i∂ -1limitΨi†i. Iteration of the Darboux transformations leads to a gauge transformed operator with coefficients given by Wronskian formulas involving a set of eigenfunctions of L. Nonlinear integrable partial differential equations are associated with the scattering operator L which arise as a symmetry reduction of the multicomponent KP hierarchy. With a suitable linear time evolution for the eigenfunctions the Darboux transformation is used to obtain solutions of the integrable equations in terms of Wronskian determinants.

Non-Abelian integrable hierarchies: matrix biorthogonal polynomials and perturbations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ariznabarreta, Gerardo; García-Ardila, Juan C.; Mañas, Manuel; Marcellán, Francisco

2018-05-01

In this paper, Geronimus–Uvarov perturbations for matrix orthogonal polynomials on the real line are studied and then applied to the analysis of non-Abelian integrable hierarchies. The orthogonality is understood in full generality, i.e. in terms of a nondegenerate continuous sesquilinear form, determined by a quasidefinite matrix of bivariate generalized functions with a well-defined support. We derive Christoffel-type formulas that give the perturbed matrix biorthogonal polynomials and their norms in terms of the original ones. The keystone for this finding is the Gauss–Borel factorization of the Gram matrix. Geronimus–Uvarov transformations are considered in the context of the 2D non-Abelian Toda lattice and noncommutative KP hierarchies. The interplay between transformations and integrable flows is discussed. Miwa shifts, τ-ratio matrix functions and Sato formulas are given. Bilinear identities, involving Geronimus–Uvarov transformations, first for the Baker functions, then secondly for the biorthogonal polynomials and its second kind functions, and finally for the τ-ratio matrix functions, are found.

Some inversion formulas for the cone transform

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Terzioglu, Fatma

2015-11-01

Several novel imaging applications have lead recently to a variety of Radon type transforms, where integration is made over a family of conical surfaces. We call them cone transforms (in 2D they are also called V-line or broken ray transforms). Most prominently, they are present in the so called Compton camera imaging that arises in medical diagnostics, astronomy, and lately in homeland security applications. Several specific incarnations of the cone transform have been considered separately. In this paper, we address the most general (and overdetermined) cone transform, obtain integral relations between cone and Radon transforms in {{{R}}}n, and a variety of inversion formulas. In many applications (e.g., in homeland security), the signal to noise ratio is very low. So, if overdetermined data is collected (as in the case of Compton imaging), attempts to reduce the dimensionality might lead to essential elimination of the signal. Thus, our main concentration is on obtaining formulas involving overdetermined data.

Integrability and Linearizability of the Lotka-Volterra System with a Saddle Point with Rational Hyperbolicity Ratio

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gravel, Simon; Thibault, Pierre

In this paper, we consider normalizability, integrability and linearizability properties of the Lotka-Volterra system in the neighborhood of a singular point with eigenvalues 1 and - λ. The results are obtained by generalizing and expanding two methods already known: the power expansion of the first integral or of the linearizing transformation and the transformation of the saddle into a node. With these methods we find conditions that are valid for λ∈ R+ or λ∈ Q. These conditions will allow us to find all the integrable and linearizable systems for λ= {p}/{2} and {2}/{p} with p∈ N+.

Equation for the Nakanishi Weight Function Using the Inverse Stieltjes Transform

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karmanov, V. A.; Carbonell, J.; Frederico, T.

2018-05-01

The bound state Bethe-Salpeter amplitude was expressed by Nakanishi in terms of a smooth weight function g. By using the generalized Stieltjes transform, we derive an integral equation for the Nakanishi function g for a bound state case. It has the standard form g= \\hat{V} g, where \\hat{V} is a two-dimensional integral operator. The prescription for obtaining the kernel V starting with the kernel K of the Bethe-Salpeter equation is given.

Terahertz bandwidth all-optical Hilbert transformers based on long-period gratings.

PubMed

Ashrafi, Reza; Azaña, José

2012-07-01

A novel, all-optical design for implementing terahertz (THz) bandwidth real-time Hilbert transformers is proposed and numerically demonstrated. An all-optical Hilbert transformer can be implemented using a uniform-period long-period grating (LPG) with a properly designed amplitude-only grating apodization profile, incorporating a single π-phase shift in the middle of the grating length. The designed LPG-based Hilbert transformers can be practically implemented using either fiber-optic or integrated-waveguide technologies. As a generalization, photonic fractional Hilbert transformers are also designed based on the same optical platform. In this general case, the resulting LPGs have multiple π-phase shifts along the grating length. Our numerical simulations confirm that all-optical Hilbert transformers capable of processing arbitrary optical signals with bandwidths well in the THz range can be implemented using feasible fiber/waveguide LPG designs.

Ectopic Integration of Transforming DNA Is Rare among Neurospora Transformants Selected for Gene Replacement

PubMed Central

Miao, VPW.; Rountree, M. R.; Selker, E. U.

1995-01-01

In a variety of organisms, DNA-mediated transformation experiments commonly produce transformants with multiple copies of the transforming DNA, including both selected and unselected molecules. Such ``cotransformants'' are much more common than expected from the individual transformation frequencies, suggesting that subpopulations of cells, or nuclei, are particularly competent for transformation. We found that Neurospora crassa transformants selected for gene replacement at the am gene had not efficiently incorporated additional DNA, suggesting that nuclei that undergo transformation by homologous recombination are not highly competent at integration of DNA by illegitimate recombination. Spheroplasts were treated with DNA fragments homologous to am and with an Escherichia coli hph plasmid. Transformants were initially selected for hph (hygromycin(R)), allowed to conidiate to generate homokaryons and then selected for either Am(-) (gene replacements) or hph. Surprisingly, most am replacement strains were hygromycin(S) (124/140) and carried no extraneous DNA (116/140). Most transformants selected for hph also had ectopic copies of am DNA and/or multiple copies of hph sequences (32/35), generally at multiple sites, confirming that efficient cotransformation could occur. To test the implication that cotransformation involving gene replacement and ectopic integration is rare, we compared the yields of am replacement strains with or without prior selection for hph. The initial selection did not appreciably help (or hinder) recovery of strains with replacements. PMID:7789758

On generalized Lipschitz-type formulae and applications II

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Katsurada, Masanori; Noda, Takumi

2011-09-01

The purpose of this paper is to present a certain Lipschitz-type formula and its generalization via Mellin-Barnes type integrals. We introduce a double Eisenstein series defined on the pair of the upper and lower half planes, and show their transformation properties by using the generalized Lipschitz-type formulae.

Some Families of the Incomplete H-Functions and the Incomplete \\overline H -Functions and Associated Integral Transforms and Operators of Fractional Calculus with Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Srivastava, H. M.; Saxena, R. K.; Parmar, R. K.

2018-01-01

Our present investigation is inspired by the recent interesting extensions (by Srivastava et al. [35]) of a pair of the Mellin-Barnes type contour integral representations of their incomplete generalized hypergeometric functions p γ q and p Γ q by means of the incomplete gamma functions γ( s, x) and Γ( s, x). Here, in this sequel, we introduce a family of the relatively more general incomplete H-functions γ p,q m,n ( z) and Γ p,q m,n ( z) as well as their such special cases as the incomplete Fox-Wright generalized hypergeometric functions p Ψ q (γ) [ z] and p Ψ q (Γ) [ z]. The main object of this paper is to study and investigate several interesting properties of these incomplete H-functions, including (for example) decomposition and reduction formulas, derivative formulas, various integral transforms, computational representations, and so on. We apply some substantially general Riemann-Liouville and Weyl type fractional integral operators to each of these incomplete H-functions. We indicate the easilyderivable extensions of the results presented here that hold for the corresponding incomplete \\overline H -functions as well. Potential applications of many of these incomplete special functions involving (for example) probability theory are also indicated.

Finite BRST-BFV transformations for dynamical systems with second-class constraints

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Batalin, Igor A.; Lavrov, Peter M.; Tyutin, Igor V.

2015-06-01

We study finite field-dependent BRST-BFV transformations for dynamical systems with first- and second-class constraints within the generalized Hamiltonian formalism. We find explicitly their Jacobians and the form of a solution to the compensation equation necessary for generating an arbitrary finite change of gauge-fixing functionals in the path integral.

Generating a New Higher-Dimensional Coupled Integrable Dispersionless System: Algebraic Structures, Bäcklund Transformation and Hidden Structural Symmetries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Souleymanou, Abbagari; Thomas, B. Bouetou; Timoleon, C. Kofane

2013-08-01

The prolongation structure methodologies of Wahlquist—Estabrook [H.D. Wahlquist and F.B. Estabrook, J. Math. Phys. 16 (1975) 1] for nonlinear differential equations are applied to a more general set of coupled integrable dispersionless system. Based on the obtained prolongation structure, a Lie-Algebra valued connection of a closed ideal of exterior differential forms related to the above system is constructed. A Lie-Algebra representation of some hidden structural symmetries of the previous system, its Bäcklund transformation using the Riccati form of the linear eigenvalue problem and their general corresponding Lax-representation are derived. In the wake of the previous results, we extend the above prolongation scheme to higher-dimensional systems from which a new (2 + 1)-dimensional coupled integrable dispersionless system is unveiled along with its inverse scattering formulation, which applications are straightforward in nonlinear optics where additional propagating dimension deserves some attention.

Evaluation of radiation loading on finite cylindrical shells using the fast Fourier transform: A comparison with direct numerical integration.

PubMed

Liu, S X; Zou, M S

2018-03-01

The radiation loading on a vibratory finite cylindrical shell is conventionally evaluated through the direct numerical integration (DNI) method. An alternative strategy via the fast Fourier transform algorithm is put forward in this work based on the general expression of radiation impedance. To check the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed method, a comparison with DNI is presented through numerical cases. The results obtained using the present method agree well with those calculated by DNI. More importantly, the proposed calculating strategy can significantly save the time cost compared with the conventional approach of straightforward numerical integration.

The Improvement of Efficiency in the Numerical Computation of Orbit Trajectories

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dyer, J.; Danchick, R.; Pierce, S.; Haney, R.

1972-01-01

An analysis, system design, programming, and evaluation of results are described for numerical computation of orbit trajectories. Evaluation of generalized methods, interaction of different formulations for satellite motion, transformation of equations of motion and integrator loads, and development of efficient integrators are also considered.

Immittance Data Validation by Kramers‐Kronig Relations – Derivation and Implications

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

Abstract Explicitly based on causality, linearity (superposition) and stability (time invariance) and implicit on continuity (consistency), finiteness (convergence) and uniqueness (single valuedness) in the time domain, Kramers‐Kronig (KK) integral transform (KKT) relations for immittances are derived as pure mathematical constructs in the complex frequency domain using the two‐sided (bilateral) Laplace integral transform (LT) reduced to the Fourier domain for sufficiently rapid exponential decaying, bounded immittances. Novel anti KK relations are also derived to distinguish LTI (linear, time invariant) systems from non‐linear, unstable and acausal systems. All relations can be used to test KK transformability on the LTI principles of linearity, stability and causality of measured and model data by Fourier transform (FT) in immittance spectroscopy (IS). Also, integral transform relations are provided to estimate (conjugate) immittances at zero and infinite frequency particularly useful to normalise data and compare data. Also, important implications for IS are presented and suggestions for consistent data analysis are made which generally apply likewise to complex valued quantities in many fields of engineering and natural sciences. PMID:29577007

Modulational instability and higher-order rogue waves with parameters modulation in a coupled integrable AB system via the generalized Darboux transformation.

PubMed

Wen, Xiao-Yong; Yan, Zhenya

2015-12-01

We study higher-order rogue wave (RW) solutions of the coupled integrable dispersive AB system (also called Pedlosky system), which describes the evolution of wave-packets in a marginally stable or unstable baroclinic shear flow in geophysical fluids. We propose its continuous-wave (CW) solutions and existent conditions for their modulation instability to form the rogue waves. A new generalized N-fold Darboux transformation (DT) is proposed in terms of the Taylor series expansion for the spectral parameter in the Darboux matrix and its limit procedure and applied to the CW solutions to generate multi-rogue wave solutions of the coupled AB system, which satisfy the general compatibility condition. The dynamical behaviors of these higher-order rogue wave solutions demonstrate both strong and weak interactions by modulating parameters, in which some weak interactions can generate the abundant triangle, pentagon structures, etc. Particularly, the trajectories of motion of peaks and depressions of profiles of the first-order RWs are explicitly analyzed. The generalized DT method used in this paper can be extended to other nonlinear integrable systems. These results may be useful for understanding the corresponding rogue-wave phenomena in fluid mechanics and related fields.

On the Generalized Heisenberg Supermagnetic Model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yan, Zhao-Wen; Zhang, Xiao-Jing; Han, Rong; Li, Chuan-Zhong

2018-05-01

In this paper, we construct the generalized Heisenberg supermagnetic models with two different constraints and investigate the integrability of the super integrable systems. By virtue of the gauge transformation, their corresponding gauge equivalent counterparts are derived, i.e., the super and fermionic mixed derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equations, respectively. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 11605096, 11571192, and 11601247 and innovation Foundation of Inner Mongolia University for the College Students (201711208)

Some boundary-value problems for anisotropic quarter plane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arkhypenko, K. M.; Kryvyi, O. F.

2018-04-01

To solve the mixed boundary-value problems of the anisotropic elasticity for the anisotropic quarter plane, a method based on the use of the space of generalized functions {\\Im }{\\prime }({\\text{R}}+2) with slow growth properties was developed. The two-dimensional integral Fourier transform was used to construct the system of fundamental solutions for the anisotropic quarter plane in this space and a system of eight boundary integral relations was obtained, which allows one to reduce the mixed boundary-value problems for the anisotropic quarter plane directly to systems of singular integral equations with fixed singularities. The exact solutions of these systems were found by using the integral Mellin transform. The asymptotic behavior of solutions was investigated at the vertex of the quarter plane.

General technique for the integration of MIC/MMIC'S with waveguides

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Geller, Bernard D. (Inventor); Zaghloul, Amir I. (Inventor)

1987-01-01

A technique for packaging and integrating of a microwave integrated circuit (MIC) or monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) with a waveguide uses a printed conductive circuit pattern on a dielectric substrate to transform impedance and mode of propagation between the MIC/MMIC and the waveguide. The virtually coplanar circuit pattern lies on an equipotential surface within the waveguide and therefore makes possible single or dual polarized mode structures.

Integrable nonlinear Schrödinger system on a lattice with three structural elements in the unit cell

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vakhnenko, Oleksiy O.

2018-05-01

Developing the idea of increasing the number of structural elements in the unit cell of a quasi-one-dimensional lattice as applied to the semi-discrete integrable systems of nonlinear Schrödinger type, we construct the zero-curvature representation for the general integrable nonlinear system on a lattice with three structural elements in the unit cell. The integrability of the obtained general system permits to find explicitly a number of local conservation laws responsible for the main features of system dynamics and in particular for the so-called natural constraints separating the field variables into the basic and the concomitant ones. Thus, considering the reduction to the semi-discrete integrable system of nonlinear Schrödinger type, we revealed the essentially nontrivial impact of concomitant fields on the Poisson structure and on the whole Hamiltonian formulation of system dynamics caused by the nonzero background values of these fields. On the other hand, the zero-curvature representation of a general nonlinear system serves as an indispensable key to the dressing procedure of system integration based upon the Darboux transformation of the auxiliary linear problem and the implicit Bäcklund transformation of field variables. Due to the symmetries inherent to the six-component semi-discrete integrable nonlinear Schrödinger system with attractive-type nonlinearities, the Darboux-Bäcklund dressing scheme is shown to be simplified considerably, giving rise to the appropriately parameterized multi-component soliton solution consisting of six basic and four concomitant components.

On Generalized Lipschitz-type Formulae and Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Katsurada, Masanori; Noda, Takumi

2010-07-01

The purpose of this paper is to present a certain Lipschitz-type formula and its generalization via Mellin-Barnes type integrals. We further introduce a class of double Eisenstein series for SL(2,Z) defined on the pair of the upper (or lower) half planes, and show their transformation properties by using the generalized Lipschitz-type formulae.

Applications of Generalized Derivatives to Viscoelasticity.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-11-01

Integration Used to Evaluate the Inverse Transform 78 B-i Schematic of the Half-Space of Newtonian Fluid Bounded by a "Wetted" Surface 96 C-I The...of the response at discrete frequencies. The inverse transform of the response is evaluated numerically to produce the time history. The major drawback...of this method is the arduous task of calculating the inverse transform for every point in time at which the value of the response is required. The

Natural Genetic Transformation Generates a Population of Merodiploids in Streptococcus pneumoniae

PubMed Central

Zomer, Aldert; Bootsma, Hester J.; Prudhomme, Marc; Granadel, Chantal; Hermans, Peter W. M.; Polard, Patrice; Martin, Bernard; Claverys, Jean-Pierre

2013-01-01

Partial duplication of genetic material is prevalent in eukaryotes and provides potential for evolution of new traits. Prokaryotes, which are generally haploid in nature, can evolve new genes by partial chromosome duplication, known as merodiploidy. Little is known about merodiploid formation during genetic exchange processes, although merodiploids have been serendipitously observed in early studies of bacterial transformation. Natural bacterial transformation involves internalization of exogenous donor DNA and its subsequent integration into the recipient genome by homology. It contributes to the remarkable plasticity of the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae through intra and interspecies genetic exchange. We report that lethal cassette transformation produced merodiploids possessing both intact and cassette-inactivated copies of the essential target gene, bordered by repeats (R) corresponding to incomplete copies of IS861. We show that merodiploidy is transiently stimulated by transformation, and only requires uptake of a ∼3-kb DNA fragment partly repeated in the chromosome. We propose and validate a model for merodiploid formation, providing evidence that tandem-duplication (TD) formation involves unequal crossing-over resulting from alternative pairing and interchromatid integration of R. This unequal crossing-over produces a chromosome dimer, resolution of which generates a chromosome with the TD and an abortive chromosome lacking the duplicated region. We document occurrence of TDs ranging from ∼100 to ∼900 kb in size at various chromosomal locations, including by self-transformation (transformation with recipient chromosomal DNA). We show that self-transformation produces a population containing many different merodiploid cells. Merodiploidy provides opportunities for evolution of new genetic traits via alteration of duplicated genes, unrestricted by functional selective pressure. Transient stimulation of a varied population of merodiploids by transformation, which can be triggered by stresses such as antibiotic treatment in S. pneumoniae, reinforces the plasticity potential of this bacterium and transformable species generally. PMID:24086154

Natural genetic transformation generates a population of merodiploids in Streptococcus pneumoniae.

PubMed

Johnston, Calum; Caymaris, Stéphanie; Zomer, Aldert; Bootsma, Hester J; Prudhomme, Marc; Granadel, Chantal; Hermans, Peter W M; Polard, Patrice; Martin, Bernard; Claverys, Jean-Pierre

2013-01-01

Partial duplication of genetic material is prevalent in eukaryotes and provides potential for evolution of new traits. Prokaryotes, which are generally haploid in nature, can evolve new genes by partial chromosome duplication, known as merodiploidy. Little is known about merodiploid formation during genetic exchange processes, although merodiploids have been serendipitously observed in early studies of bacterial transformation. Natural bacterial transformation involves internalization of exogenous donor DNA and its subsequent integration into the recipient genome by homology. It contributes to the remarkable plasticity of the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae through intra and interspecies genetic exchange. We report that lethal cassette transformation produced merodiploids possessing both intact and cassette-inactivated copies of the essential target gene, bordered by repeats (R) corresponding to incomplete copies of IS861. We show that merodiploidy is transiently stimulated by transformation, and only requires uptake of a ~3-kb DNA fragment partly repeated in the chromosome. We propose and validate a model for merodiploid formation, providing evidence that tandem-duplication (TD) formation involves unequal crossing-over resulting from alternative pairing and interchromatid integration of R. This unequal crossing-over produces a chromosome dimer, resolution of which generates a chromosome with the TD and an abortive chromosome lacking the duplicated region. We document occurrence of TDs ranging from ~100 to ~900 kb in size at various chromosomal locations, including by self-transformation (transformation with recipient chromosomal DNA). We show that self-transformation produces a population containing many different merodiploid cells. Merodiploidy provides opportunities for evolution of new genetic traits via alteration of duplicated genes, unrestricted by functional selective pressure. Transient stimulation of a varied population of merodiploids by transformation, which can be triggered by stresses such as antibiotic treatment in S. pneumoniae, reinforces the plasticity potential of this bacterium and transformable species generally.

ACCURATE ORBITAL INTEGRATION OF THE GENERAL THREE-BODY PROBLEM BASED ON THE D'ALEMBERT-TYPE SCHEME

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Minesaki, Yukitaka

2013-03-15

We propose an accurate orbital integration scheme for the general three-body problem that retains all conserved quantities except angular momentum. The scheme is provided by an extension of the d'Alembert-type scheme for constrained autonomous Hamiltonian systems. Although the proposed scheme is merely second-order accurate, it can precisely reproduce some periodic, quasiperiodic, and escape orbits. The Levi-Civita transformation plays a role in designing the scheme.

Electrotransformation of highly DNA-restrictive corynebacteria with synthetic DNA.

PubMed

Ankri, S; Reyes, O; Leblon, G

1996-01-01

Highly DNA-restrictive Corynebacteria can be transformed with DNA made in vitro by PCR amplification of a sequence that contains the replication origin of pBL1, a plasmid common to many Corynebacteria. In all strains examined, the transformation efficiencies of PCR-synthetized DNA equal or improve the performances of heterologous DNA extracted from wild-type and dam(-)-dcm-strains of Escherichia coli. The transformation efficiencies obtained with PCR-made DNA may be high enough to permit its general application to experiments of gene integration.

N-fold Darboux Transformation for Integrable Couplings of AKNS Equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, Jing; Chen, Shou-Ting; Han, Jing-Wei; Ma, Wen-Xiu

2018-04-01

For the integrable couplings of Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur (ICAKNS) equations, N-fold Darboux transformation (DT) TN, which is a 4 × 4 matrix, is constructed in this paper. Each element of this matrix is expressed by a ratio of the (4N + 1)-order determinant and 4N-order determinant of eigenfunctions. By making use of these formulae, the determinant expressions of N-transformed new solutions p [N], q [N], r [N] and s [N] are generated by this N-fold DT. Furthermore, when the reduced conditions q = ‑p* and s = ‑r* are chosen, we obtain determinant representations of N-fold DT and N-transformed solutions for the integrable couplings of nonlinear Schrödinger (ICNLS) equations. Starting from the zero seed solutions, one-soliton solutions are explicitly given as an example. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 61771174, 11371326, 11371361, 11301454, and 11271168, Natural Science Fund for Colleges and Universities of Jiangsu Province of China under Grant No. 17KJB110020, and General Research Project of Department of Education of Zhejiang Province (Y201636538)

Numerical calculation of the Fresnel transform.

PubMed

Kelly, Damien P

2014-04-01

In this paper, we address the problem of calculating Fresnel diffraction integrals using a finite number of uniformly spaced samples. General and simple sampling rules of thumb are derived that allow the user to calculate the distribution for any propagation distance. It is shown how these rules can be extended to fast-Fourier-transform-based algorithms to increase calculation efficiency. A comparison with other theoretical approaches is made.

Effect of Plasmid Design and Type of Integration Event on Recombinant Protein Expression in Pichia pastoris.

PubMed

Vogl, Thomas; Gebbie, Leigh; Palfreyman, Robin W; Speight, Robert

2018-03-15

Pichia pastoris (syn. Komagataella phaffii ) is one of the most common eukaryotic expression systems for heterologous protein production. Expression cassettes are typically integrated in the genome to obtain stable expression strains. In contrast to Saccharomyces cerevisiae , where short overhangs are sufficient to target highly specific integration, long overhangs are more efficient in P. pastoris and ectopic integration of foreign DNA can occur. Here, we aimed to elucidate the influence of ectopic integration by high-throughput screening of >700 transformants and whole-genome sequencing of 27 transformants. Different vector designs and linearization approaches were used to mimic the most common integration events targeted in P. pastoris Fluorescence of an enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) reporter protein was highly uniform among transformants when the expression cassettes were correctly integrated in the targeted locus. Surprisingly, most nonspecifically integrated transformants showed highly uniform expression that was comparable to specific integration, suggesting that nonspecific integration does not necessarily influence expression. However, a few clones (<10%) harboring ectopically integrated cassettes showed a greater variation spanning a 25-fold range, surpassing specifically integrated reference strains up to 6-fold. High-expression strains showed a correlation between increased gene copy numbers and high reporter protein fluorescence levels. Our results suggest that for comparing expression levels between strains, the integration locus can be neglected as long as a sufficient numbers of transformed strains are compared. For expression optimization of highly expressible proteins, increasing copy number appears to be the dominant positive influence rather than the integration locus, genomic rearrangements, deletions, or single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). IMPORTANCE Yeasts are commonly used as biotechnological production hosts for proteins and metabolites. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , expression cassettes carrying foreign genes integrate highly specifically at the targeted sites in the genome. In contrast, cassettes often integrate at random genomic positions in nonconventional yeasts, such as Pichia pastoris (syn. Komagataella phaffii ). Hence, cells from the same transformation event often behave differently, with significant clonal variation necessitating the screening of large numbers of strains. The importance of this study is that we systematically investigated the influence of integration events in more than 700 strains. Our findings provide novel insight into clonal variation in P. pastoris and, thus, how to avoid pitfalls and obtain reliable results. The underlying mechanisms may also play a role in other yeasts and hence could be generally relevant for recombinant yeast protein production strains. Copyright © 2018 American Society for Microbiology.

Design and Evaluation of a One-Semester General Chemistry Course for Undergraduate Life Science Majors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schnoebelen, Carly; Towns, Marcy H.; Chmielewski, Jean; Hrycyna, Christine A.

2018-01-01

The chemistry curriculum for undergraduate life science majors at Purdue University has been transformed to better meet the needs of this student population and prepare them for future success. The curriculum, called the 1-2-1 curriculum, includes four consecutive and integrated semesters of instruction in general chemistry, organic chemistry, and…

Integrability: mathematical methods for studying solitary waves theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wazwaz, Abdul-Majid

2014-03-01

In recent decades, substantial experimental research efforts have been devoted to linear and nonlinear physical phenomena. In particular, studies of integrable nonlinear equations in solitary waves theory have attracted intensive interest from mathematicians, with the principal goal of fostering the development of new methods, and physicists, who are seeking solutions that represent physical phenomena and to form a bridge between mathematical results and scientific structures. The aim for both groups is to build up our current understanding and facilitate future developments, develop more creative results and create new trends in the rapidly developing field of solitary waves. The notion of the integrability of certain partial differential equations occupies an important role in current and future trends, but a unified rigorous definition of the integrability of differential equations still does not exist. For example, an integrable model in the Painlevé sense may not be integrable in the Lax sense. The Painlevé sense indicates that the solution can be represented as a Laurent series in powers of some function that vanishes on an arbitrary surface with the possibility of truncating the Laurent series at finite powers of this function. The concept of Lax pairs introduces another meaning of the notion of integrability. The Lax pair formulates the integrability of nonlinear equation as the compatibility condition of two linear equations. However, it was shown by many researchers that the necessary integrability conditions are the existence of an infinite series of generalized symmetries or conservation laws for the given equation. The existence of multiple soliton solutions often indicates the integrability of the equation but other tests, such as the Painlevé test or the Lax pair, are necessary to confirm the integrability for any equation. In the context of completely integrable equations, studies are flourishing because these equations are able to describe the real features in a variety of vital areas in science, technology and engineering. In recognition of the importance of solitary waves theory and the underlying concept of integrable equations, a variety of powerful methods have been developed to carry out the required analysis. Examples of such methods which have been advanced are the inverse scattering method, the Hirota bilinear method, the simplified Hirota method, the Bäcklund transformation method, the Darboux transformation, the Pfaffian technique, the Painlevé analysis, the generalized symmetry method, the subsidiary ordinary differential equation method, the coupled amplitude-phase formulation, the sine-cosine method, the sech-tanh method, the mapping and deformation approach and many new other methods. The inverse scattering method, viewed as a nonlinear analogue of the Fourier transform method, is a powerful approach that demonstrates the existence of soliton solutions through intensive computations. At the center of the theory of integrable equations lies the bilinear forms and Hirota's direct method, which can be used to obtain soliton solutions by using exponentials. The Bäcklund transformation method is a useful invariant transformation that transforms one solution into another of a differential equation. The Darboux transformation method is a well known tool in the theory of integrable systems. It is believed that there is a connection between the Bäcklund transformation and the Darboux transformation, but it is as yet not known. Archetypes of integrable equations are the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation, the modified KdV equation, the sine-Gordon equation, the Schrödinger equation, the Vakhnenko equation, the KdV6 equation, the Burgers equation, the fifth-order Lax equation and many others. These equations yield soliton solutions, multiple soliton solutions, breather solutions, quasi-periodic solutions, kink solutions, homo-clinic solutions and other solutions as well. The couplings of linear and nonlinear equations were recently discovered and subsequently received considerable attention. The concept of couplings forms a new direction for developing innovative construction methods. The recently obtained results in solitary waves theory highlight new approaches for additional creative ideas, promising further achievements and increased progress in this field. We are grateful to all of the authors who accepted our invitation to contribute to this comment section.

Simultaneous intrinsic and extrinsic calibration of a laser deflecting tilting mirror in the projective voltage space.

PubMed

Schneider, Adrian; Pezold, Simon; Baek, Kyung-Won; Marinov, Dilyan; Cattin, Philippe C

2016-09-01

PURPOSE  : During the past five decades, laser technology emerged and is nowadays part of a great number of scientific and industrial applications. In the medical field, the integration of laser technology is on the rise and has already been widely adopted in contemporary medical applications. However, it is new to use a laser to cut bone and perform general osteotomy surgical tasks with it. In this paper, we describe a method to calibrate a laser deflecting tilting mirror and integrate it into a sophisticated laser osteotome, involving next generation robots and optical tracking. METHODS  : A mathematical model was derived, which describes a controllable deflection mirror by the general projective transformation. This makes the application of well-known camera calibration methods possible. In particular, the direct linear transformation algorithm is applied to calibrate and integrate a laser deflecting tilting mirror into the affine transformation chain of a surgical system. RESULTS  : Experiments were performed on synthetic generated calibration input, and the calibration was tested with real data. The determined target registration errors in a working distance of 150 mm for both simulated input and real data agree at the declared noise level of the applied optical 3D tracking system: The evaluation of the synthetic input showed an error of 0.4 mm, and the error with the real data was 0.3 mm.

Biased Metropolis Sampling for Rugged Free Energy Landscapes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Berg, Bernd A.

2003-11-01

Metropolis simulations of all-atom models of peptides (i.e. small proteins) are considered. Inspired by the funnel picture of Bryngelson and Wolyness, a transformation of the updating probabilities of the dihedral angles is defined, which uses probability densities from a higher temperature to improve the algorithmic performance at a lower temperature. The method is suitable for canonical as well as for generalized ensemble simulations. A simple approximation to the full transformation is tested at room temperature for Met-Enkephalin in vacuum. Integrated autocorrelation times are found to be reduced by factors close to two and a similar improvement due to generalized ensemble methods enters multiplicatively.

Some composition formulae for the M-S-M fractional integral operator with the multi-index Mittag-Leffler functions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jain, Shilpi; Agarwal, Praveen; Kıymaz, I. Onur; ćetinkaya, Ayá¹£egül

2018-01-01

Authors presented some composition formulae for the Marichev-Saigo-Maeda (M-S-M) fractional integral operator with the multi-index Mittag-Leffler functions. Our results are generalizes the results obtained by Choi and Agarwal [3]. Here, we record some particular cases of our main result. Finally, we obtain Laplace transforms of the composition formulae.

Classroom Capsules.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Page, Warren, Ed.

1988-01-01

Presents ideas that are intended to convey new insights on familiar topics and to enhance pedagogy. The mathematical topics addressed are applications of transformations to numerical integration, the golden ratio, Cramer's rule, a counting problem, and the general form of the arithmetic-geometric mean inequality. (PK)

Recent advances in computational-analytical integral transforms for convection-diffusion problems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cotta, R. M.; Naveira-Cotta, C. P.; Knupp, D. C.; Zotin, J. L. Z.; Pontes, P. C.; Almeida, A. P.

2017-10-01

An unifying overview of the Generalized Integral Transform Technique (GITT) as a computational-analytical approach for solving convection-diffusion problems is presented. This work is aimed at bringing together some of the most recent developments on both accuracy and convergence improvements on this well-established hybrid numerical-analytical methodology for partial differential equations. Special emphasis is given to novel algorithm implementations, all directly connected to enhancing the eigenfunction expansion basis, such as a single domain reformulation strategy for handling complex geometries, an integral balance scheme in dealing with multiscale problems, the adoption of convective eigenvalue problems in formulations with significant convection effects, and the direct integral transformation of nonlinear convection-diffusion problems based on nonlinear eigenvalue problems. Then, selected examples are presented that illustrate the improvement achieved in each class of extension, in terms of convergence acceleration and accuracy gain, which are related to conjugated heat transfer in complex or multiscale microchannel-substrate geometries, multidimensional Burgers equation model, and diffusive metal extraction through polymeric hollow fiber membranes. Numerical results are reported for each application and, where appropriate, critically compared against the traditional GITT scheme without convergence enhancement schemes and commercial or dedicated purely numerical approaches.

Hidden symmetries for ellipsoid-solitonic deformations of Kerr-Sen black holes and quantum anomalies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vacaru, Sergiu I.

2013-02-01

We prove the existence of hidden symmetries in the general relativity theory defined by exact solutions with generic off-diagonal metrics, nonholonomic (non-integrable) constraints, and deformations of the frame and linear connection structure. A special role in characterization of such spacetimes is played by the corresponding nonholonomic generalizations of Stackel-Killing and Killing-Yano tensors. There are constructed new classes of black hole solutions and we study hidden symmetries for ellipsoidal and/or solitonic deformations of "prime" Kerr-Sen black holes into "target" off-diagonal metrics. In general, the classical conserved quantities (integrable and not-integrable) do not transfer to the quantized systems and produce quantum gravitational anomalies. We prove that such anomalies can be eliminated via corresponding nonholonomic deformations of fundamental geometric objects (connections and corresponding Riemannian and Ricci tensors) and by frame transforms.

Nonlocal integrable PDEs from hierarchies of symmetry laws: The example of Pohlmeyer-Lund-Regge equation and its reflectionless potential solutions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Demontis, F.; Ortenzi, G.; van der Mee, C.

2018-04-01

By following the ideas presented by Fukumoto and Miyajima in Fukumoto and Miyajima (1996) we derive a generalized method for constructing integrable nonlocal equations starting from any bi-Hamiltonian hierarchy supplied with a recursion operator. This construction provides the right framework for the application of the full machinery of the inverse scattering transform. We pay attention to the Pohlmeyer-Lund-Regge equation coming from the nonlinear Schrödinger hierarchy and construct the formula for the reflectionless potential solutions which are generalizations of multi-solitons. Some explicit examples are discussed.

Transformational Leadership Plans

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aguas, Pedro P.; Zapata, Liliana Valle; Arellano, Danilsa Lorduy

2017-01-01

Higher education institutions are aware of the need to incorporate learning-driven assessment artifacts into their doctoral programs to ensure successful leadership development. However, in attempting to integrate learning into students' future performance, it appears that there is no general agreement upon the most effective assignments. The…

Comparison Of Planar And Wound Transformers For Flyback Forward And Half-Bridge Space Power Converters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bjorklund, Thomas; Andreasen, John; Brosen, Finn; Matthiesen, Erik; Poulsen, Ole

2011-10-01

Planar technology has now entered the space domain. The big advantages of planar technology are; - Low profile - Excellent repeatability - Economical assembly - Mechanical integrity - Superior thermal characteristics This is why the general power industries increasingly are using planar magnetics in more and more applications, and therefore also why we see a rising demand for the usability of the planar technology among space application developers. The differences between wound and planar transformers have been mapped with a detailed look on the various parasitic component values, such as DC- and AC- resistance, Leakage Inductance and stray capacitance, and revealed the magnitude of the advantages of planar technology. This technical solution is proven in prototypes that have been built in different combination of PCB's and copper foil, with more or less interleaving of windings. Furthermore the transformers have been designed with several outputs stacked together with a fairly high number of primary turns, in order to have planar transformers similar to the wound types that are generally used for space applications.

Exact periodic solutions of the sixth-order generalized Boussinesq equation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kamenov, O. Y.

2009-09-01

This paper examines a class of nonlinear sixth-order generalized Boussinesq-like equations (SGBE): utt = uxx + 3(u2)xx + uxxxx + αuxxxxxx, α in R, depending on the positive parameter α. Hirota's bilinear transformation method is applied to the above class of non-integrable equations and exact periodic solutions have been obtained. The results confirmed the well-known nonlinear superposition principle.

Symmetry Analysis of Gauge-Invariant Field Equations via a Generalized Harrison-Estabrook Formalism.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Papachristou, Costas J.

The Harrison-Estabrook formalism for the study of invariance groups of partial differential equations is generalized and extended to equations that define, through their solutions, sections on vector bundles of various kinds. Applications include the Dirac, Yang-Mills, and self-dual Yang-Mills (SDYM) equations. The latter case exhibits interesting connections between the internal symmetries of SDYM and the existence of integrability characteristics such as a linear ("inverse scattering") system and Backlund transformations (BT's). By "verticalizing" the generators of coordinate point transformations of SDYM, nine nonlocal, generalized (as opposed to local, point) symmetries are constructed. The observation is made that the prolongations of these symmetries are parametric BT's for SDYM. It is thus concluded that the entire point group of SDYM contributes, upon verticalization, BT's to the system.

Generalized Legendre transformations and symmetries of the WDVV equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Strachan, Ian A. B.; Stedman, Richard

2017-03-01

The Witten-Dijkgraaf-Verlinde-Verlinde (or WDVV) equations, as one would expect from an integrable system, has many symmetries, both continuous and discrete. One class—the so-called Legendre transformations—were introduced by Dubrovin. They are a discrete set of symmetries between the stronger concept of a Frobenius manifold, and are generated by certain flat vector fields. In this paper this construction is generalized to the case where the vector field (called here the Legendre field) is non-flat but satisfies a certain set of defining equations. One application of this more general theory is to generate the induced symmetry between almost-dual Frobenius manifolds whose underlying Frobenius manifolds are related by a Legendre transformation. This also provides a map between rational and trigonometric solutions of the WDVV equations.

Integrability from point symmetries in a family of cosmological Horndeski Lagrangians

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dimakis, N.; Giacomini, Alex; Paliathanasis, Andronikos

2017-07-01

For a family of Horndeski theories, formulated in terms of a generalized Galileon model, we study the integrability of the field equations in a Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker space-time. We are interested in point transformations which leave invariant the field equations. Noether's theorem is applied to determine the conservation laws for a family of models that belong to the same general class. The cosmological scenarios with or without an extra perfect fluid with constant equation of state parameter are the two important cases of our study. The de Sitter universe and ideal gas solutions are derived by using the invariant functions of the symmetry generators as a demonstration of our result. Furthermore, we discuss the connection of the different models under conformal transformations while we show that when the Horndeski theory reduces to a canonical field the same holds for the conformal equivalent theory. Finally, we discuss how singular solutions provides nonsingular universes in a different frame and vice versa.

Metriplectic integrators for the Landau collision operator

DOE PAGES

Kraus, Michael; Hirvijoki, Eero

2017-10-02

Here, we present a novel framework for addressing the nonlinear Landau collision integral in terms of finite element and other subspace projection methods. We employ the underlying metriplectic structure of the Landau collision integral and, using a Galerkin discretization for the velocity space, we transform the infinite-dimensional system into a finite-dimensional, time-continuous metriplectic system. Temporal discretization is accomplished using the concept of discrete gradients. The conservation of energy, momentum, and particle densities, as well as the production of entropy is demonstrated algebraically for the fully discrete system. Due to the generality of our approach, the conservation properties and the monotonicmore » behavior of entropy are guaranteed for finite element discretizations, in general, independently of the mesh configuration.« less

Generalized thermalization for integrable system under quantum quench.

PubMed

Muralidharan, Sushruth; Lochan, Kinjalk; Shankaranarayanan, S

2018-01-01

We investigate equilibration and generalized thermalization of the quantum Harmonic chain under local quantum quench. The quench action we consider is connecting two disjoint harmonic chains of different sizes and the system jumps between two integrable settings. We verify the validity of the generalized Gibbs ensemble description for this infinite-dimensional Hilbert space system and also identify equilibration between the subsystems as in classical systems. Using Bogoliubov transformations, we show that the eigenstates of the system prior to the quench evolve toward the Gibbs Generalized Ensemble description. Eigenstates that are more delocalized (in the sense of inverse participation ratio) prior to the quench, tend to equilibrate more rapidly. Further, through the phase space properties of a generalized Gibbs ensemble and the strength of stimulated emission, we identify the necessary criterion on the initial states for such relaxation at late times and also find out the states that would potentially not be described by the generalized Gibbs ensemble description.

A Nambu-Jona-Lasinio like model from QCD at low energies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cortés, José Luis; Gamboa, Jorge; Velázquez, Luis

1998-07-01

A generalization to any dimension of the fermion field transformation which allows to derive the solution of the massless Schwinger model in the path integral framework is identified. New arguments based on this transformation for a Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) like model as the low energy limit of a gauge theory in dimension greater than two are presented. Our result supports the spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking picture conjectured by Nambu many years ago and the link between QCD, NJL and chiral models.

Knot invariants from Virasoro related representation and pretzel knots

DOE PAGES

Galakhov, D.; Melnikov, D.; Mironov, A.; ...

2015-08-06

In this study, we remind the method to calculate colored Jones polynomials for the plat representations of knot diagrams from the knowledge of modular transformation (monodromies) of Virasoro conformal blocks with insertions of degenerate fields. As an illustration we use a rich family of pretzel knots, lying on a surface of arbitrary genus g, which was recently analyzed by the evolution method. Further generalizations can be to generic Virasoro modular transformations, provided by integral kernels, which can lead to the Hikami invariants.

Integrability of the coupled cubic-quintic complex Ginzburg-Landau equations and multiple-soliton solutions via mathematical methods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Selima, Ehab S.; Seadawy, Aly R.; Yao, Xiaohua; Essa, F. A.

2018-02-01

This paper is devoted to study the (1+1)-dimensional coupled cubic-quintic complex Ginzburg-Landau equations (cc-qcGLEs) with complex coefficients. This equation can be used to describe the nonlinear evolution of slowly varying envelopes of periodic spatial-temporal patterns in a convective binary fluid. Dispersion relation and properties of cc-qcGLEs are constructed. Painlevé analysis is used to check the integrability of cc-qcGLEs and to establish the Bäcklund transformation form. New traveling wave solutions and a general form of multiple-soliton solutions of cc-qcGLEs are obtained via the Bäcklund transformation and simplest equation method with Bernoulli, Riccati and Burgers’ equations as simplest equations.

Informing mental health policies and services in the EMR: cost-effective deployment of human resources to deliver integrated community-based care.

PubMed

Ivbijaro, G; Patel, V; Chisholm, D; Goldberg, D; Khoja, T A M; Edwards, T M; Enum, Y; Kolkiewic, L A

2015-09-28

For EMR countries to deliver the expectations of the Global Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2020 & the ongoing move towards universal health coverage, all health & social care providers need to innovate and transform their services to provide evidence-based health care that is accessible, cost-effective & with the best patient outcomes. For the primary and community workforce, this includes general medical practitioners, practice & community nurses, community social workers, housing officers, lay health workers, nongovernmental organizations & civil society, including community spiritual leaders/healers. This paper brings together the current best evidence to support transformation & discusses key approaches to achieve this, including skill mix and/or task shifting and integrated care. The important factors that need to be in place to support skill mix/task shifting and good integrated care are outlined with reference to EMR countries.

Rational integrability of trigonometric polynomial potentials on the flat torus

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Combot, Thierry

2017-07-01

We consider a lattice ℒ ⊂ ℝ n and a trigonometric potential V with frequencies k ∈ ℒ. We then prove a strong rational integrability condition on V, using the support of its Fourier transform. We then use this condition to prove that a real trigonometric polynomial potential is rationally integrable if and only if it separates up to rotation of the coordinates. Removing the real condition, we also make a classification of rationally integrable potentials in dimensions 2 and 3 and recover several integrable cases. After a complex change of variables, these potentials become real and correspond to generalized Toda integrable potentials. Moreover, along the proof, some of them with high-degree first integrals are explicitly integrated.

Numerical evaluation of electromagnetic fields due to dipole antennas in the presence of stratified media

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tsang, L.; Brown, R.; Kong, J. A.; Simmons, G.

1974-01-01

Two numerical methods are used to evaluate the integrals that express the em fields due to dipole antennas radiating in the presence of a stratified medium. The first method is a direct integration by means of Simpson's rule. The second method is indirect and approximates the kernel of the integral by means of the fast Fourier transform. In contrast to previous analytical methods that applied only to two-layer cases the numerical methods can be used for any arbitrary number of layers with general properties.

The construction of recombinant industrial yeasts free of bacterial sequences by directed gene replacement into a nonessential region of the genome.

PubMed

Xiao, W; Rank, G H

1989-03-15

The yeast SMR1 gene was used as a dominant resistance-selectable marker for industrial yeast transformation and for targeting integration of an economically important gene at the homologous ILV2 locus. A MEL1 gene, which codes for alpha-galactosidase, was inserted into a dispensable upstream region of SMR1 in vitro; different treatments of the plasmid (pWX813) prior to transformation resulted in 3' end, 5' end and replacement integrations that exhibited distinct integrant structures. One-step replacement within a nonessential region of the host genome generated a stable integration of MEL1 devoid of bacterial plasmid DNA. Using this method, we have constructed several alpha-galactosidase positive industrial Saccharomyces strains. Our study provides a general method for stable gene transfer in most industrial Saccharomyces yeasts, including those used in the baking, brewing (ale and lager), distilling, wine and sake industries, with solely nucleotide sequences of interest. The absence of bacterial DNA in the integrant structure facilitates the commercial application of recombinant DNA technology in the food and beverage industry.

Transforming the University Campus into a Sustainable Community

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Norton, Richard K.; Brix, Andrew; Brydon, Trevor; Davidian, Elijah; Dinse, Keely; Vidyarthi, Sanjeev

2007-01-01

This study addresses several common shortcomings of current university campus sustainability initiatives, including a lack of attention to integrative issues such as land use, housing, and transportation, and a generally reactive rather than proactive approach to sustainability. To engage these concerns, we develop a model for assessing the…

Reducing the two-loop large-scale structure power spectrum to low-dimensional, radial integrals

DOE PAGES

Schmittfull, Marcel; Vlah, Zvonimir

2016-11-28

Modeling the large-scale structure of the universe on nonlinear scales has the potential to substantially increase the science return of upcoming surveys by increasing the number of modes available for model comparisons. One way to achieve this is to model nonlinear scales perturbatively. Unfortunately, this involves high-dimensional loop integrals that are cumbersome to evaluate. Here, trying to simplify this, we show how two-loop (next-to-next-to-leading order) corrections to the density power spectrum can be reduced to low-dimensional, radial integrals. Many of those can be evaluated with a one-dimensional fast Fourier transform, which is significantly faster than the five-dimensional Monte-Carlo integrals thatmore » are needed otherwise. The general idea of this fast fourier transform perturbation theory method is to switch between Fourier and position space to avoid convolutions and integrate over orientations, leaving only radial integrals. This reformulation is independent of the underlying shape of the initial linear density power spectrum and should easily accommodate features such as those from baryonic acoustic oscillations. We also discuss how to account for halo bias and redshift space distortions.« less

Developing semi-analytical solution for multiple-zone transient storage model with spatially non-uniform storage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deng, Baoqing; Si, Yinbing; Wang, Jia

2017-12-01

Transient storages may vary along the stream due to stream hydraulic conditions and the characteristics of storage. Analytical solutions of transient storage models in literature didn't cover the spatially non-uniform storage. A novel integral transform strategy is presented that simultaneously performs integral transforms to the concentrations in the stream and in storage zones by using the single set of eigenfunctions derived from the advection-diffusion equation of the stream. The semi-analytical solution of the multiple-zone transient storage model with the spatially non-uniform storage is obtained by applying the generalized integral transform technique to all partial differential equations in the multiple-zone transient storage model. The derived semi-analytical solution is validated against the field data in literature. Good agreement between the computed data and the field data is obtained. Some illustrative examples are formulated to demonstrate the applications of the present solution. It is shown that solute transport can be greatly affected by the variation of mass exchange coefficient and the ratio of cross-sectional areas. When the ratio of cross-sectional areas is big or the mass exchange coefficient is small, more reaches are recommended to calibrate the parameter.

Steady at the wheel: conservative sex and the benefits of bacterial transformation

PubMed Central

Ambur, Ole Herman; Engelstädter, Jan; Johnsen, Pål J.

2016-01-01

Many bacteria are highly sexual, but the reasons for their promiscuity remain obscure. Did bacterial sex evolve to maximize diversity and facilitate adaptation in a changing world, or does it instead help to retain the bacterial functions that work right now? In other words, is bacterial sex innovative or conservative? Our aim in this review is to integrate experimental, bioinformatic and theoretical studies to critically evaluate these alternatives, with a main focus on natural genetic transformation, the bacterial equivalent of eukaryotic sexual reproduction. First, we provide a general overview of several hypotheses that have been put forward to explain the evolution of transformation. Next, we synthesize a large body of evidence highlighting the numerous passive and active barriers to transformation that have evolved to protect bacteria from foreign DNA, thereby increasing the likelihood that transformation takes place among clonemates. Our critical review of the existing literature provides support for the view that bacterial transformation is maintained as a means of genomic conservation that provides direct benefits to both individual bacterial cells and to transformable bacterial populations. We examine the generality of this view across bacteria and contrast this explanation with the different evolutionary roles proposed to maintain sex in eukaryotes.  This article is part of the themed issue ‘Weird sex: the underappreciated diversity of sexual reproduction’. PMID:27619692

Steady at the wheel: conservative sex and the benefits of bacterial transformation.

PubMed

Ambur, Ole Herman; Engelstädter, Jan; Johnsen, Pål J; Miller, Eric L; Rozen, Daniel E

2016-10-19

Many bacteria are highly sexual, but the reasons for their promiscuity remain obscure. Did bacterial sex evolve to maximize diversity and facilitate adaptation in a changing world, or does it instead help to retain the bacterial functions that work right now? In other words, is bacterial sex innovative or conservative? Our aim in this review is to integrate experimental, bioinformatic and theoretical studies to critically evaluate these alternatives, with a main focus on natural genetic transformation, the bacterial equivalent of eukaryotic sexual reproduction. First, we provide a general overview of several hypotheses that have been put forward to explain the evolution of transformation. Next, we synthesize a large body of evidence highlighting the numerous passive and active barriers to transformation that have evolved to protect bacteria from foreign DNA, thereby increasing the likelihood that transformation takes place among clonemates. Our critical review of the existing literature provides support for the view that bacterial transformation is maintained as a means of genomic conservation that provides direct benefits to both individual bacterial cells and to transformable bacterial populations. We examine the generality of this view across bacteria and contrast this explanation with the different evolutionary roles proposed to maintain sex in eukaryotes. This article is part of the themed issue 'Weird sex: the underappreciated diversity of sexual reproduction'. © 2016 The Author(s).

LETTER TO THE EDITOR: Two-centre exchange integrals for complex exponent Slater orbitals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kuang, Jiyun; Lin, C. D.

1996-12-01

The one-dimensional integral representation for the Fourier transform of a two-centre product of B functions (finite linear combinations of Slater orbitals) with real parameters is generalized to include B functions with complex parameters. This one-dimensional integral representation allows for an efficient method of calculating two-centre exchange integrals with plane-wave electronic translational factors (ETF) over Slater orbitals of real/complex exponents. This method is a significant improvement on the previous two-dimensional quadrature method of the integrals. A new basis set of the form 0953-4075/29/24/005/img1 is proposed to improve the description of pseudo-continuum states in the close-coupling treatment of ion - atom collisions.

T-DNA transfer and T-DNA integration efficiencies upon Arabidopsis thaliana root explant cocultivation and floral dip transformation.

PubMed

Ghedira, Rim; De Buck, Sylvie; Van Ex, Frédéric; Angenon, Geert; Depicker, Ann

2013-12-01

T-DNA transfer and integration frequencies during Agrobacterium-mediated root explant cocultivation and floral dip transformations of Arabidopsis thaliana were analyzed with and without selection for transformation-competent cells. Based on the presence or absence of CRE recombinase activity without or with the CRE T-DNA being integrated, transient expression versus stable transformation was differentiated. During root explant cocultivation, continuous light enhanced the number of plant cells competent for interaction with Agrobacterium and thus the number of transient gene expression events. However, in transformation competent plant cells, continuous light did not further enhance cotransfer or cointegration frequencies. Upon selection for root transformants expressing a first T-DNA, 43-69 % of these transformants showed cotransfer of another non-selected T-DNA in two different light regimes. However, integration of the non-selected cotransferred T-DNA occurred only in 19-46 % of these transformants, indicating that T-DNA integration in regenerating root cells limits the transformation frequencies. After floral dip transformation, transient T-DNA expression without integration could not be detected, while stable T-DNA transformation occurred in 0.5-1.3 % of the T1 seedlings. Upon selection for floral dip transformants with a first T-DNA, 8-34 % of the transformants showed cotransfer of the other non-selected T-DNA and in 93-100 % of them, the T-DNA was also integrated. Therefore, a productive interaction between the agrobacteria and the female gametophyte, rather than the T-DNA integration process, restricts the floral dip transformation frequencies.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ji, Yanzhou; Heo, Tae Wook; Zhang, Fan

Here we present our theoretical assessment of the kinetic pathways during phase transformations of multi-component Ti alloys. Employing the graphical thermodynamic approach and an integrated free energy function based on the realistic thermodynamic database and assuming that a displacive structural transformation occurs much faster than long-range diffusional processes, we analyze the phase stabilities of Ti-6Al -4V (Ti-6wt.%Al -4wt.%V). Our systematic analyses predict a variety of possible kinetic pathways for β to (α + β) transformations leading to different types of microstructures under various heat treatment conditions. In addition, the possibility of unconventional kinetic pathways is discussed. Lastly, we also brieflymore » discuss the application of our approach to general multicomponent/multiphase alloy systems.« less

Integration of classroom science performance assessment tasks by participants of the Wisconsin Performance Assessment Development Project (WPADP)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tonnis, Dorothy Ann

The goals of this interpretive study were to examine selected Wisconsin science teachers' perceptions of teaching and learning science, to describe the scope of classroom performance assessment practices, and to gain an understanding of teachers' personal and professional experiences that influenced their belief systems of teaching, learning and assessment. The study was designed to answer the research questions: (1) How does the integration of performance assessment relate to the teachers' views of teaching and learning? (2) How are the selected teachers integrating performance assessment in their teaching? (3) What past personal and professional experiences have influenced teachers' attitudes and beliefs related to their classroom performance assessment practices? Purposeful sampling was used to select seven Wisconsin elementary, middle and high school science teachers who participated in the WPADP initiative from 1993-1995. Data collection methods included a Teaching Practices Inventory (TPI), semi-structured interviews, teacher developed portfolios, portfolio conferences, and classroom observations. Four themes and multiple categories emerged through data analysis to answer the research questions and to describe the results. Several conclusions were drawn from this research. First, science teachers who appeared to effectively integrate performance assessment, demonstrated transformational thinking in their attitudes and beliefs about teaching and learning science. In addition, these teachers viewed assessment and instructional practices as interdependent. Third, transformational teachers generally used well defined criteria to judge student work and made it public to the students. Transformational teachers provided students with real-world performance assessment tasks that were also learning events. Furthermore, student task responses informed the transformational teachers about effectiveness of instruction, students' complex thinking skills, quality of assessment instruments, students' creativity, and students' self-assessment skills. Finally, transformational teachers maintained integration of performance assessment practices through sustaining teacher support networks, engaging in professional development programs, and reflecting upon past personal and professional experiences related to teaching, learning and assessment. Salient conflicts overcome or minimized by transformational teachers include the conflict between assessment scoring and grading issues, validity and reliability concerns about the performance assessment tasks used, and the difficulty for teachers to consistently provide public criteria to students before task administration.

Breather management in the derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation with variable coefficients

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhong, Wei-Ping, E-mail: zhongwp6@126.com; Texas A&M University at Qatar, P.O. Box 23874 Doha; Belić, Milivoj

2015-04-15

We investigate breather solutions of the generalized derivative nonlinear Schrödinger (DNLS) equation with variable coefficients, which is used in the description of femtosecond optical pulses in inhomogeneous media. The solutions are constructed by means of the similarity transformation, which reduces a particular form of the generalized DNLS equation into the standard one, with constant coefficients. Examples of bright and dark breathers of different orders, that ride on finite backgrounds and may be related to rogue waves, are presented. - Highlights: • Exact solutions of a generalized derivative NLS equation are obtained. • The solutions are produced by means of amore » transformation to the usual integrable equation. • The validity of the solutions is verified by comparing them to numerical counterparts. • Stability of the solutions is checked by means of direct simulations. • The model applies to the propagation of ultrashort pulses in optical media.« less

A Unified Mathematical Framework for Coding Time, Space, and Sequences in the Hippocampal Region

PubMed Central

MacDonald, Christopher J.; Tiganj, Zoran; Shankar, Karthik H.; Du, Qian; Hasselmo, Michael E.; Eichenbaum, Howard

2014-01-01

The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is believed to support episodic memory, vivid recollection of a specific event situated in a particular place at a particular time. There is ample neurophysiological evidence that the MTL computes location in allocentric space and more recent evidence that the MTL also codes for time. Space and time represent a similar computational challenge; both are variables that cannot be simply calculated from the immediately available sensory information. We introduce a simple mathematical framework that computes functions of both spatial location and time as special cases of a more general computation. In this framework, experience unfolding in time is encoded via a set of leaky integrators. These leaky integrators encode the Laplace transform of their input. The information contained in the transform can be recovered using an approximation to the inverse Laplace transform. In the temporal domain, the resulting representation reconstructs the temporal history. By integrating movements, the equations give rise to a representation of the path taken to arrive at the present location. By modulating the transform with information about allocentric velocity, the equations code for position of a landmark. Simulated cells show a close correspondence to neurons observed in various regions for all three cases. In the temporal domain, novel secondary analyses of hippocampal time cells verified several qualitative predictions of the model. An integrated representation of spatiotemporal context can be computed by taking conjunctions of these elemental inputs, leading to a correspondence with conjunctive neural representations observed in dorsal CA1. PMID:24672015

A Never Ending Journey: Inclusive Education Is a Principle of Practice, Not an End Game

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kozleski, Elizabeth B.; Yu, Ting; Satter, Allyson L.; Francis, Grace L.; Haines, Shana J.

2015-01-01

A team from Schoolwide Integrated Framework for Transformation (SWIFT), a federally funded technical assistance project focused on creating cascading, aligned systems for inclusive education, conducted a series of focus groups and interviews with school administrators, general and special educators, and related service providers in six schools…

ASIC For Complex Fixed-Point Arithmetic

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Petilli, Stephen G.; Grimm, Michael J.; Olson, Erlend M.

1995-01-01

Application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) performs 24-bit, fixed-point arithmetic operations on arrays of complex-valued input data. High-performance, wide-band arithmetic logic unit (ALU) designed for use in computing fast Fourier transforms (FFTs) and for performing ditigal filtering functions. Other applications include general computations involved in analysis of spectra and digital signal processing.

Development of DKB ETL module in case of data conversion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kaida, A. Y.; Golosova, M. V.; Grigorieva, M. A.; Gubin, M. Y.

2018-05-01

Modern scientific experiments involve the producing of huge volumes of data that requires new approaches in data processing and storage. These data themselves, as well as their processing and storage, are accompanied by a valuable amount of additional information, called metadata, distributed over multiple informational systems and repositories, and having a complicated, heterogeneous structure. Gathering these metadata for experiments in the field of high energy nuclear physics (HENP) is a complex issue, requiring the quest for solutions outside the box. One of the tasks is to integrate metadata from different repositories into some kind of a central storage. During the integration process, metadata taken from original source repositories go through several processing steps: metadata aggregation, transformation according to the current data model and loading it to the general storage in a standardized form. The R&D project of ATLAS experiment on LHC, Data Knowledge Base, is aimed to provide fast and easy access to significant information about LHC experiments for the scientific community. The data integration subsystem, being developed for the DKB project, can be represented as a number of particular pipelines, arranging data flow from data sources to the main DKB storage. The data transformation process, represented by a single pipeline, can be considered as a number of successive data transformation steps, where each step is implemented as an individual program module. This article outlines the specifics of program modules, used in the dataflow, and describes one of the modules developed and integrated into the data integration subsystem of DKB.

Care Model Design for E-Health: Integration of Point-of-Care Testing at Dutch General Practices.

PubMed

Verhees, Bart; van Kuijk, Kees; Simonse, Lianne

2017-12-21

Point-of-care testing (POCT)-laboratory tests performed with new mobile devices and online technologies outside of the central laboratory-is rapidly outpacing the traditional laboratory test market, growing at a rate of 12 to 15% each year. POCT impacts the diagnostic process of care providers by yielding high efficiency benefits in terms of turnaround time and related quality improvements in the reduction of errors. However, the implementation of this disruptive eHealth technology requires the integration and transformation of diagnostic services across the boundaries of healthcare organizations. Research has revealed both advantages and barriers of POCT implementations, yet to date, there is no business model for the integration of POCT within general practice. The aim of this article is to contribute with a design for a care model that enables the integration of POCT in primary healthcare. In this research, we used a design modelling toolkit for data collection at five general practices. Through an iterative design process, we modelled the actors and value transactions, and designed an optimized care model for the dynamic integration of POCTs into the GP's network of care delivery. The care model design will have a direct bearing on improving the integration of POCT through the connectivity and norm guidelines between the general practice, the POC technology, and the diagnostic centre.

Care Model Design for E-Health: Integration of Point-of-Care Testing at Dutch General Practices

PubMed Central

Verhees, Bart; van Kuijk, Kees

2017-01-01

Point-of-care testing (POCT)—laboratory tests performed with new mobile devices and online technologies outside of the central laboratory—is rapidly outpacing the traditional laboratory test market, growing at a rate of 12 to 15% each year. POCT impacts the diagnostic process of care providers by yielding high efficiency benefits in terms of turnaround time and related quality improvements in the reduction of errors. However, the implementation of this disruptive eHealth technology requires the integration and transformation of diagnostic services across the boundaries of healthcare organizations. Research has revealed both advantages and barriers of POCT implementations, yet to date, there is no business model for the integration of POCT within general practice. The aim of this article is to contribute with a design for a care model that enables the integration of POCT in primary healthcare. In this research, we used a design modelling toolkit for data collection at five general practices. Through an iterative design process, we modelled the actors and value transactions, and designed an optimized care model for the dynamic integration of POCTs into the GP’s network of care delivery. The care model design will have a direct bearing on improving the integration of POCT through the connectivity and norm guidelines between the general practice, the POC technology, and the diagnostic centre. PMID:29267224

Cercosporin-deficient mutants by plasmid tagging in the asexual fungus Cercospora nicotianae.

PubMed

Chung, K-R; Ehrenshaft, M; Wetzel, D K; Daub, M E

2003-11-01

We have successfully adapted plasmid insertion and restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI) to produce cercosporin toxin-deficient mutants in the asexual phytopathogenic fungus Cercospora nicotianae. The use of pre-linearized plasmid or restriction enzymes in the transformation procedure significantly decreased the transformation frequency, but promoted a complicated and undefined mode of plasmid integration that leads to mutations in the C. nicotianae genome. Vector DNA generally integrated in multiple copies, and no increase in single-copy insertion was observed when enzymes were added to the transformation mixture. Out of 1873 transformants tested, 39 putative cercosporin toxin biosynthesis ( ctb) mutants were recovered that showed altered levels of cercosporin production. Seven ctb mutants were recovered using pre-linearized plasmids without the addition of enzymes, and these were considered to be non-REMI mutants. The correlation between a specific insertion and a mutant phenotype was confirmed using rescued plasmids as gene disruption vectors in the wild-type strain. Six out of fifteen rescued plasmids tested yielded cercosporin-deficient transformants when re-introduced into the wild-type strain, suggesting a link between the insertion site and the cercosporin-deficient phenotype. Sequence analysis of a fragment flanking the insert site recovered from one insertion mutant showed it to be disrupted in sequences with high homology to the acyl transferase domain of polyketide synthases from other fungi. Disruption of this polyketide synthase gene ( CTB1) using a rescued plasmid resulted in mutants that were defective in cercosporin production. Thus, we provide the first molecular evidence that cercosporin is synthesized via a polyketide pathway as previously hypothesized.

Programmed Protection of Foreign DNA from Restriction Allows Pathogenicity Island Exchange during Pneumococcal Transformation

PubMed Central

Johnston, Calum; Martin, Bernard; Granadel, Chantal; Polard, Patrice; Claverys, Jean-Pierre

2013-01-01

In bacteria, transformation and restriction-modification (R-M) systems play potentially antagonistic roles. While the former, proposed as a form of sexuality, relies on internalized foreign DNA to create genetic diversity, the latter degrade foreign DNA to protect from bacteriophage attack. The human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae is transformable and possesses either of two R-M systems, DpnI and DpnII, which respectively restrict methylated or unmethylated double-stranded (ds) DNA. S. pneumoniae DpnII strains possess DpnM, which methylates dsDNA to protect it from DpnII restriction, and a second methylase, DpnA, which is induced during competence for genetic transformation and is unusual in that it methylates single-stranded (ss) DNA. DpnA was tentatively ascribed the role of protecting internalized plasmids from DpnII restriction, but this seems unlikely in light of recent results establishing that pneumococcal transformation was not evolved to favor plasmid exchange. Here we validate an alternative hypothesis, showing that DpnA plays a crucial role in the protection of internalized foreign DNA, enabling exchange of pathogenicity islands and more generally of variable regions between pneumococcal isolates. We show that transformation of a 21.7 kb heterologous region is reduced by more than 4 logs in dpnA mutant cells and provide evidence that the specific induction of dpnA during competence is critical for full protection. We suggest that the integration of a restrictase/ssDNA-methylase couplet into the competence regulon maintains protection from bacteriophage attack whilst simultaneously enabling exchange of pathogenicicy islands. This protective role of DpnA is likely to be of particular importance for pneumococcal virulence by allowing free variation of capsule serotype in DpnII strains via integration of DpnI capsule loci, contributing to the documented escape of pneumococci from capsule-based vaccines. Generally, this finding is the first evidence for a mechanism that actively promotes genetic diversity of S. pneumoniae through programmed protection and incorporation of foreign DNA. PMID:23459610

Canonical fluid thermodynamics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schmid, L. A.

1972-01-01

The space-time integral of the thermodynamic pressure plays the role of the thermodynamic potential for compressible, adiabatic flow in the sense that the pressure integral for stable flow is less than for all slightly different flows. This stability criterion can be converted into a variational minimum principle by requiring the molar free-enthalpy and the temperature, which are the arguments of the pressure function, to be generalized velocities, that is, the proper-time derivatives of scalar spare-time functions which are generalized coordinates in the canonical formalism. In a fluid context, proper-time differentiation must be expressed in terms of three independent quantities that specify the fluid velocity. This can be done in several ways, all of which lead to different variants (canonical transformations) of the same constraint-free action integral whose Euler-Lagrange equations are just the well-known equations of motion for adiabatic compressible flow.

Theoretical Assessment on the Phase Transformation Kinetic Pathways of Multi-component Ti Alloys: Application to Ti-6Al- 4V

DOE PAGES

Ji, Yanzhou; Heo, Tae Wook; Zhang, Fan; ...

2015-12-21

Here we present our theoretical assessment of the kinetic pathways during phase transformations of multi-component Ti alloys. Employing the graphical thermodynamic approach and an integrated free energy function based on the realistic thermodynamic database and assuming that a displacive structural transformation occurs much faster than long-range diffusional processes, we analyze the phase stabilities of Ti-6Al -4V (Ti-6wt.%Al -4wt.%V). Our systematic analyses predict a variety of possible kinetic pathways for β to (α + β) transformations leading to different types of microstructures under various heat treatment conditions. In addition, the possibility of unconventional kinetic pathways is discussed. Lastly, we also brieflymore » discuss the application of our approach to general multicomponent/multiphase alloy systems.« less

76 FR 17145 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Business Transformation-Automated Integrated Operating...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-28

... Collection Activities: Business Transformation--Automated Integrated Operating Environment (IOE), New... Transformation--Integrated Operating Environment (IOE); OMB Control No. 1615-NEW. SUMMARY: USCIS is developing an automated Integrated Operating Environment (IOE) to process benefit applications. The IOE will collect...

Symmetries and exact solutions of a class of nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equations with self-induced parity-time-symmetric potential.

PubMed

Sinha, Debdeep; Ghosh, Pijush K

2015-04-01

A class of nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equations (NLSEs) is considered in an external potential with a space-time modulated coefficient of the nonlinear interaction term as well as confining and/or loss-gain terms. This is a generalization of a recently introduced integrable nonlocal NLSE with self-induced potential that is parity-time-symmetric in the corresponding stationary problem. Exact soliton solutions are obtained for the inhomogeneous and/or nonautonomous nonlocal NLSE by using similarity transformation, and the method is illustrated with a few examples. It is found that only those transformations are allowed for which the transformed spatial coordinate is odd under the parity transformation of the original one. It is shown that the nonlocal NLSE without the external potential and a (d+1)-dimensional generalization of it admits all the symmetries of the (d+1)-dimensional Schrödinger group. The conserved Noether charges associated with the time translation, dilatation, and special conformal transformation are shown to be real-valued in spite of being non-Hermitian. Finally, the dynamics of different moments are studied with an exact description of the time evolution of the "pseudowidth" of the wave packet for the special case in which the system admits a O(2,1) conformal symmetry.

Environmental analysis using integrated GIS and remotely sensed data - Some research needs and priorities

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Davis, Frank W.; Quattrochi, Dale A.; Ridd, Merrill K.; Lam, Nina S.-N.; Walsh, Stephen J.

1991-01-01

This paper discusses some basic scientific issues and research needs in the joint processing of remotely sensed and GIS data for environmental analysis. Two general topics are treated in detail: (1) scale dependence of geographic data and the analysis of multiscale remotely sensed and GIS data, and (2) data transformations and information flow during data processing. The discussion of scale dependence focuses on the theory and applications of spatial autocorrelation, geostatistics, and fractals for characterizing and modeling spatial variation. Data transformations during processing are described within the larger framework of geographical analysis, encompassing sampling, cartography, remote sensing, and GIS. Development of better user interfaces between image processing, GIS, database management, and statistical software is needed to expedite research on these and other impediments to integrated analysis of remotely sensed and GIS data.

[Management, quality of health and occupational safety and hospital organization: is integration possible?].

PubMed

Corrao, Carmela Romana Natalina

2011-01-01

The evolution of the national and European legislation has progressively transformed the working environments into organized environments. Specific models for its management are being proposed, which should be integrated into general management strategies. In the case of hospitals this integration should consider the peculiar organizational complexity, where the management of the occupational risk needs to be integrated with clinical risk management and economic risk management. Resources management should also consider that Occupational Medicine has not a direct monetary benefit for the organisation, but only indirect health consequences in terms of reduction of accidents and occupational diseases. The deep and simultaneous analysis of the current general management systems and the current management methods of occupational safety and health protection allows one to hyphotesise a possible integration between them. For both of them the Top Management is the main responsible of the quality management strategies and the use of specific documents in the managerial process, such as the document of risks evaluation in the occupational management and the quality manual in the general management, is of paramount importance. An integrated management has also the scope to pursue a particular kind of quality management, where ethics and job satisfaction are innovative, as established by recent European guidelines, management systems and national legislations.

Nilpotent symmetries in supergroup field cosmology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Upadhyay, Sudhaker

2015-06-01

In this paper, we study the gauge invariance of the third quantized supergroup field cosmology which is a model for multiverse. Further, we propose both the infinitesimal (usual) as well as the finite superfield-dependent BRST symmetry transformations which leave the effective theory invariant. The effects of finite superfield-dependent BRST transformations on the path integral (so-called void functional in the case of third quantization) are implemented. Within the finite superfield-dependent BRST formulation, the finite superfield-dependent BRST transformations with specific parameter switch the void functional from one gauge to another. We establish this result for the most general gauge with the help of explicit calculations which holds for all possible sets of gauge choices at both the classical and the quantum levels.

Efficient matrix approach to optical wave propagation and Linear Canonical Transforms.

PubMed

Shakir, Sami A; Fried, David L; Pease, Edwin A; Brennan, Terry J; Dolash, Thomas M

2015-10-05

The Fresnel diffraction integral form of optical wave propagation and the more general Linear Canonical Transforms (LCT) are cast into a matrix transformation form. Taking advantage of recent efficient matrix multiply algorithms, this approach promises an efficient computational and analytical tool that is competitive with FFT based methods but offers better behavior in terms of aliasing, transparent boundary condition, and flexibility in number of sampling points and computational window sizes of the input and output planes being independent. This flexibility makes the method significantly faster than FFT based propagators when only a single point, as in Strehl metrics, or a limited number of points, as in power-in-the-bucket metrics, are needed in the output observation plane.

Laplace Transforms without Integration

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robertson, Robert L.

2017-01-01

Calculating Laplace transforms from the definition often requires tedious integrations. This paper provides an integration-free technique for calculating Laplace transforms of many familiar functions. It also shows how the technique can be applied to probability theory.

Open Group Transformations Within the Sp(2)-Formalism

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Batalin, Igor; Marnelius, Robert

Previously we have shown that open groups whose generators are in arbitrary involutions may be quantized within a ghost extended framework in terms of the nilpotent BFV-BRST charge operator. Here we show that they may also be quantized within an Sp(2)-frame in which there are two odd anticommuting operators called Sp(2)-charges. Previous results for finite open group transformations are generalized to the Sp(2)-formalism. We show that in order to define open group transformations on the whole ghost extended space we need Sp(2)-charges in the nonminimal sector which contains dynamical Lagrange multipliers. We give an Sp(2)-version of the quantum master equation with extended Sp(2)-charges and a master charge of a more involved form, which is proposed to represent the integrability conditions of defining operators of connection operators and which therefore should encode the generalized quantum Maurer-Cartan equations for arbitrary open groups. General solutions of this master equation are given in explicit form. A further extended Sp(2)-formalism is proposed in which the group parameters are quadrupled to a supersymmetric set and from which all results may be derived.

Non-stationary signal analysis based on general parameterized time-frequency transform and its application in the feature extraction of a rotary machine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Peng; Peng, Zhike; Chen, Shiqian; Yang, Yang; Zhang, Wenming

2018-06-01

With the development of large rotary machines for faster and more integrated performance, the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis for them are becoming more challenging. Since the time-frequency (TF) pattern of the vibration signal from the rotary machine often contains condition information and fault feature, the methods based on TF analysis have been widely-used to solve these two problems in the industrial community. This article introduces an effective non-stationary signal analysis method based on the general parameterized time-frequency transform (GPTFT). The GPTFT is achieved by inserting a rotation operator and a shift operator in the short-time Fourier transform. This method can produce a high-concentrated TF pattern with a general kernel. A multi-component instantaneous frequency (IF) extraction method is proposed based on it. The estimation for the IF of every component is accomplished by defining a spectrum concentration index (SCI). Moreover, such an IF estimation process is iteratively operated until all the components are extracted. The tests on three simulation examples and a real vibration signal demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our method.

Development and Preliminary Technical Adequacy of the Schoolwide Integrated Framework for Transformation Fidelity of Implementation Tool

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Algozzine, Bob; Morsbach Sweeney, Holly; Choi, Jeong Hoon; Horner, Rob; Sailor, Wayne; McCart, Amy B.; Satter, Allyson; Lane, Kathleen Lynne

2017-01-01

U.S. public education systems are required to provide free appropriate public education to students with disabilities in least restrictive environments that are appropriate to meet their individual needs. The practice of educating students with disabilities in neighborhood schools in age-appropriate general education classrooms and other school…

A Comparison of Alternative Approaches to the Analysis of Interrupted Time-Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harrop, John W.; Velicer, Wayne F.

1985-01-01

Computer generated data representative of 16 Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Averages (ARIMA) models were used to compare the results of interrupted time-series analysis using: (1) the known model identification, (2) an assumed (l,0,0) model, and (3) an assumed (3,0,0) model as an approximation to the General Transformation approach. (Author/BW)

Shifting from Fear to Self-Confidence: Body Mapping as a Transformative Tool in Music Teacher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Griffin, Shelley M.

2015-01-01

Fear and lack of self-confidence toward music teaching are frequently experienced by many Bachelor of Education teacher candidates when they imagine themselves as future elementary general music teachers. Integrating visual art body mapping in elementary music methods fosters a unique opportunity to identify and interrogate musical experience.…

Regularization of the Perturbed Spatial Restricted Three-Body Problem by L-Transformations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Poleshchikov, S. M.

2018-03-01

Equations of motion for the perturbed circular restricted three-body problem have been regularized in canonical variables in a moving coordinate system. Two different L-matrices of the fourth order are used in the regularization. Conditions for generalized symplecticity of the constructed transform have been checked. In the unperturbed case, the regular equations have a polynomial structure. The regular equations have been numerically integrated using the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method. The results of numerical experiments are given for the Earth-Moon system parameters taking into account the perturbation of the Sun for different L-matrices.

A Constant Percentage Bandwidth Transform for Acoustic Signal Processing

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-01-01

t)eJwt d . 27Th (0) Equation 2.9 is not, however, the most general form for short-time Fourier synthesis, but is in fact a particular case of the...form of the analysis integral. F(Wk? t)eJwkt = f(t) * h( t)’ukt (3.4) Fourier transforming both sides of this equation (and invoking the convolution...properties. In what follows, define 38 f(t) - F(w,t) (3.24) to be an equivalent statement to equation 3.1. 3.6.1 Linearity Property If F1 w,t) and F2 (w

Solution of multi-center molecular integrals of Slater-type orbitals

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tai, H.

1989-01-01

The troublesome multi-center molecular integrals of Slater-type orbitals (STO) in molecular physics calculations can be evaluated by using the Fourier transform and proper coupling of the two center exchange integrals. A numerical integration procedure is then readily rendered to the final expression in which the integrand consists of well known special functions of arguments containing the geometrical arrangement of the nuclear centers and the exponents of the atomic orbitals. A practical procedure was devised for the calculation of a general multi-center molecular integrals coupling arbitrary Slater-type orbitals. Symmetry relations and asymptotic conditions are discussed. Explicit expressions of three-center one-electron nuclear-attraction integrals and four-center two-electron repulsion integrals for STO of principal quantum number n=2 are listed. A few numerical results are given for the purpose of comparison.

Premethylation of Foreign DNA Improves Integrative Transformation Efficiency in Synechocystis sp. Strain PCC 6803

PubMed Central

Wang, Bo; Yu, Jianping

2015-01-01

Restriction digestion of foreign DNA is one of the key biological barriers against genetic transformation in microorganisms. To establish a high-efficiency transformation protocol in the model cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 (Synechocystis 6803), we investigated the effects of premethylation of foreign DNA on the integrative transformation of this strain. In this study, two type II methyltransferase-encoding genes, i.e., sll0729 (gene M) and slr0214 (gene C), were cloned from the chromosome of Synechocystis 6803 and expressed in Escherichia coli harboring an integration plasmid. After premethylation treatment in E. coli, the integration plasmid was extracted and used for transformation of Synechocystis 6803. The results showed that although expression of methyltransferase M had little impact on the transformation of Synechocystis 6803, expression of methyltransferase C resulted in 11- to 161-fold-higher efficiency in the subsequent integrative transformation of Synechocystis 6803. Effective expression of methyltransferase C, which could be achieved by optimizing the 5′ untranslated region, was critical to efficient premethylation of the donor DNA and thus high transformation efficiency in Synechocystis 6803. Since premethylating foreign DNA prior to transforming Synechocystis avoids changing the host genetic background, the study thus provides an improved method for high-efficiency integrative transformation of Synechocystis 6803. PMID:26452551

Integrating non-colocated well and geophysical data to capture subsurface heterogeneity at an aquifer recharge and recovery site

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gottschalk, Ian P.; Hermans, Thomas; Knight, Rosemary; Caers, Jef; Cameron, David A.; Regnery, Julia; McCray, John E.

2017-12-01

Geophysical data have proven to be very useful for lithological characterization. However, quantitatively integrating the information gained from acquiring geophysical data generally requires colocated lithological and geophysical data for constructing a rock-physics relationship. In this contribution, the issue of integrating noncolocated geophysical and lithological data is addressed, and the results are applied to simulate groundwater flow in a heterogeneous aquifer in the Prairie Waters Project North Campus aquifer recharge site, Colorado. Two methods of constructing a rock-physics transform between electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data and lithology measurements are assessed. In the first approach, a maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is used to fit a bimodal lognormal distribution to horizontal crosssections of the ERT resistivity histogram. In the second approach, a spatial bootstrap is applied to approximate the rock-physics relationship. The rock-physics transforms provide soft data for multiple point statistics (MPS) simulations. Subsurface models are used to run groundwater flow and tracer test simulations. Each model's uncalibrated, predicted breakthrough time is evaluated based on its agreement with measured subsurface travel time values from infiltration basins to selected groundwater recovery wells. We find that incorporating geophysical information into uncalibrated flow models reduces the difference with observed values, as compared to flow models without geophysical information incorporated. The integration of geophysical data also narrows the variance of predicted tracer breakthrough times substantially. Accuracy is highest and variance is lowest in breakthrough predictions generated by the MLE-based rock-physics transform. Calibrating the ensemble of geophysically constrained models would help produce a suite of realistic flow models for predictive purposes at the site. We find that the success of breakthrough predictions is highly sensitive to the definition of the rock-physics transform; it is therefore important to model this transfer function accurately.

Relation between the chord length distribution of an infinitely long cylinder and that of its base

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sukiasian, H. S.; Gille, Wilfried

2007-05-01

Chord length distributions are defined for planar and spatial geometric figures. There exist connections between the planar and the spatial cases: The chord length distribution densities (CLDs) of a cylinder B and its base S (the cylinder's orthogonal cross section) are interrelated by a simple, surveyable integral transformation. From this transformation, it was concluded that the odd moments of the CLD f(x ) of S define the leading asymptotic terms of the CLD Aμ(r) of B. The power series of Aμ(r) at r =0 can be traced back to the derivatives of f(x ) in the origin. As a general conclusion, there exist different geometric bodies B in R3 with the same CLD Aμ(r). An exact recognition of B via its CLD is not possible. CLDs do not characterize spatial sets. This result is of importance in materials science in order to avoid wrong interpretations in structure research. The new CLD integral transformation has been illustrated in connection with the transitions triangle→triangular rod and rectangle→rectangular rod.

Model-based reconfiguration: Diagnosis and recovery

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Crow, Judy; Rushby, John

1994-01-01

We extend Reiter's general theory of model-based diagnosis to a theory of fault detection, identification, and reconfiguration (FDIR). The generality of Reiter's theory readily supports an extension in which the problem of reconfiguration is viewed as a close analog of the problem of diagnosis. Using a reconfiguration predicate 'rcfg' analogous to the abnormality predicate 'ab,' we derive a strategy for reconfiguration by transforming the corresponding strategy for diagnosis. There are two obvious benefits of this approach: algorithms for diagnosis can be exploited as algorithms for reconfiguration and we have a theoretical framework for an integrated approach to FDIR. As a first step toward realizing these benefits we show that a class of diagnosis engines can be used for reconfiguration and we discuss algorithms for integrated FDIR. We argue that integrating recovery and diagnosis is an essential next step if this technology is to be useful for practical applications.

New integrable model of propagation of the few-cycle pulses in an anisotropic microdispersed medium

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sazonov, S. V.; Ustinov, N. V.

2018-03-01

We investigate the propagation of the few-cycle electromagnetic pulses in the anisotropic microdispersed medium. The effects of the anisotropy and spatial dispersion of the medium are created by the two sorts of the two-level atoms. The system of the material equations describing an evolution of the states of the atoms and the wave equations for the ordinary and extraordinary components of the pulses is derived. By applying the approximation of the sudden excitation to exclude the material variables, we reduce this system to the single nonlinear wave equation that generalizes the modified sine-Gordon equation and the Rabelo-Fokas equation. It is shown that this equation is integrable by means of the inverse scattering transformation method if an additional restriction on the parameters is imposed. The multisoliton solutions of this integrable generalization are constructed and investigated.

Quadrature rules with multiple nodes for evaluating integrals with strong singularities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Milovanovic, Gradimir V.; Spalevic, Miodrag M.

2006-05-01

We present a method based on the Chakalov-Popoviciu quadrature formula of Lobatto type, a rather general case of quadrature with multiple nodes, for approximating integrals defined by Cauchy principal values or by Hadamard finite parts. As a starting point we use the results obtained by L. Gori and E. Santi (cf. On the evaluation of Hilbert transforms by means of a particular class of Turan quadrature rules, Numer. Algorithms 10 (1995), 27-39; Quadrature rules based on s-orthogonal polynomials for evaluating integrals with strong singularities, Oberwolfach Proceedings: Applications and Computation of Orthogonal Polynomials, ISNM 131, Birkhauser, Basel, 1999, pp. 109-119). We generalize their results by using some of our numerical procedures for stable calculation of the quadrature formula with multiple nodes of Gaussian type and proposed methods for estimating the remainder term in such type of quadrature formulae. Numerical examples, illustrations and comparisons are also shown.

Mining and Integration of Environmental Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tran, V.; Hluchy, L.; Habala, O.; Ciglan, M.

2009-04-01

The project ADMIRE (Advanced Data Mining and Integration Research for Europe) is a 7th FP EU ICT project aims to deliver a consistent and easy-to-use technology for extracting information and knowledge. The project is motivated by the difficulty of extracting meaningful information by data mining combinations of data from multiple heterogeneous and distributed resources. It will also provide an abstract view of data mining and integration, which will give users and developers the power to cope with complexity and heterogeneity of services, data and processes. The data sets describing phenomena from domains like business, society, and environment often contain spatial and temporal dimensions. Integration of spatio-temporal data from different sources is a challenging task due to those dimensions. Different spatio-temporal data sets contain data at different resolutions (e.g. size of the spatial grid) and frequencies. This heterogeneity is the principal challenge of geo-spatial and temporal data sets integration - the integrated data set should hold homogeneous data of the same resolution and frequency. Thus, to integrate heterogeneous spatio-temporal data from distinct source, transformation of one or more data sets is necessary. Following transformation operation are required: • transformation to common spatial and temporal representation - (e.g. transformation to common coordinate system), • spatial and/or temporal aggregation - data from detailed data source are aggregated to match the resolution of other resources involved in the integration process, • spatial and/or temporal record decomposition - records from source with lower resolution data are decomposed to match the granularity of the other data source. This operation decreases data quality (e.g. transformation of data from 50km grid to 10 km grid) - data from lower resolution data set in the integrated schema are imprecise, but it allows us to preserve higher resolution data. We can decompose the spatio-temporal data integration to following phases: • pre-integration data processing - different data set can be physically stored in different formats (e.g. relational databases, text files); it might be necessary to pre-process the data sets to be integrated, • identification of transformation operations necessary to integrate data in spatio-temporal dimensions, • identification of transformation operations to be performed on non-spatio-temporal attributes and • output data schema and set generation - given prepared data and the set of transformation, operations, the final integrated schema is produces. Spatio-temporal dimension brings its specifics also to the problem of mining spatio-temporal data sets. Spatio-temporal relationships exist among records in (s-t) data sets and those relationships should be considered in mining operation. This means that when analyzing a record in spatio-temporal data set, the records in its spatial and/or temporal proximity should be taken into account. In addition, the relationships discovered in spatio-temporal data can be different when mining the same data on different scales (e.g. mining the same data sets on 50 km grid with daily data vs. 10 km grid with hourly data). To be able to do effective data mining, we first needed to gather a sufficient amount of environmental data covering similar area and time span. For this purpose we have engaged in cooperation with several organizations working in the environmental domain in Slovakia, some of which are also our partners from previous research efforts. The organizations which volunteered some of their data are the Slovak Hydro-meteorological Institute (SHMU), the Slovak Water Enterprise (SVP), the Soil Science and Conservation Institute (VUPOP), and the Institute of Hydrology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (UHSAV). We have prepared scenarios from general meteorology, as well as specialized in hydrology and soil protection.

MatchingTools: A Python library for symbolic effective field theory calculations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Criado, Juan C.

2018-06-01

MatchingTools is a Python library for doing symbolic calculations in effective field theory. It provides the tools to construct general models by defining their field content and their interaction Lagrangian. Once a model is given, the heavy particles can be integrated out at the tree level to obtain an effective Lagrangian in which only the light particles appear. After integration, some of the terms of the resulting Lagrangian might not be independent. MatchingTools contains functions for transforming these terms to rewrite them in terms of any chosen set of operators.

Subwavelength hybrid terahertz waveguides.

PubMed

Nam, Sung Hyun; Taylor, Antoinette J; Efimov, Anatoly

2009-12-07

We introduce and present general properties of hybrid terahertz waveguides. Weakly confined Zenneck waves on a metal-dielectric interface at terahertz frequencies can be transformed to a strongly confined yet low-loss subwavelength mode through coupling with a photonic mode of a nearby high-index dielectric strip. We analyze confinement, attenuation, and dispersion properties of this mode. The proposed design is suitable for planar integration and allows easy fabrication on chip scale. The superior waveguiding properties at terahertz frequencies could enable the hybrid terahertz waveguides as building blocks for terahertz integrated circuits.

Relativistic elliptic matrix tops and finite Fourier transformations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zotov, A.

2017-10-01

We consider a family of classical elliptic integrable systems including (relativistic) tops and their matrix extensions of different types. These models can be obtained from the “off-shell” Lax pairs, which do not satisfy the Lax equations in general case but become true Lax pairs under various conditions (reductions). At the level of the off-shell Lax matrix, there is a natural symmetry between the spectral parameter z and relativistic parameter η. It is generated by the finite Fourier transformation, which we describe in detail. The symmetry allows one to consider z and η on an equal footing. Depending on the type of integrable reduction, any of the parameters can be chosen to be the spectral one. Then another one is the relativistic deformation parameter. As a by-product, we describe the model of N2 interacting GL(M) matrix tops and/or M2 interacting GL(N) matrix tops depending on a choice of the spectral parameter.

Mathematical Methods for Physics and Engineering Third Edition Paperback Set

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Riley, Ken F.; Hobson, Mike P.; Bence, Stephen J.

2006-06-01

Prefaces; 1. Preliminary algebra; 2. Preliminary calculus; 3. Complex numbers and hyperbolic functions; 4. Series and limits; 5. Partial differentiation; 6. Multiple integrals; 7. Vector algebra; 8. Matrices and vector spaces; 9. Normal modes; 10. Vector calculus; 11. Line, surface and volume integrals; 12. Fourier series; 13. Integral transforms; 14. First-order ordinary differential equations; 15. Higher-order ordinary differential equations; 16. Series solutions of ordinary differential equations; 17. Eigenfunction methods for differential equations; 18. Special functions; 19. Quantum operators; 20. Partial differential equations: general and particular; 21. Partial differential equations: separation of variables; 22. Calculus of variations; 23. Integral equations; 24. Complex variables; 25. Application of complex variables; 26. Tensors; 27. Numerical methods; 28. Group theory; 29. Representation theory; 30. Probability; 31. Statistics; Index.

A fully reconfigurable photonic integrated signal processor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Weilin; Li, Ming; Guzzon, Robert S.; Norberg, Erik J.; Parker, John S.; Lu, Mingzhi; Coldren, Larry A.; Yao, Jianping

2016-03-01

Photonic signal processing has been considered a solution to overcome the inherent electronic speed limitations. Over the past few years, an impressive range of photonic integrated signal processors have been proposed, but they usually offer limited reconfigurability, a feature highly needed for the implementation of large-scale general-purpose photonic signal processors. Here, we report and experimentally demonstrate a fully reconfigurable photonic integrated signal processor based on an InP-InGaAsP material system. The proposed photonic signal processor is capable of performing reconfigurable signal processing functions including temporal integration, temporal differentiation and Hilbert transformation. The reconfigurability is achieved by controlling the injection currents to the active components of the signal processor. Our demonstration suggests great potential for chip-scale fully programmable all-optical signal processing.

An optical system with aberrations on diffraction integrals written in terms of a generalized ABCD matrix

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Chaoying; Tan, Weihan

2008-12-01

: In this paper, we consider the transformation of a ray beam as it passes through an optical system containing a glass plate with parallel surfaces inclined to the optical axis at the Brewster’s angle, by investigating the effects of the optical system on amplitude and phase distributions. By applying generalized matrix optics and diffraction integrals and considering the influence of a quarter of a wavelength of aberration on the transmitted amplitude and phase distributions at the focus of a de-collimating lens, we find that the central peak amplitude descends from 1.0 to 0.8 and the phase distortion is less than π/2. The general feature of the amplitude distribution shows an elongation along the y-axis perpendicular to the optical axis in the direction of tilt of the inclined plate, and conforms to the inclination direction of the glass plate.

The dynamic generalization of the Eshelby inclusion problem and its static limit

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

The dynamic generalization of the celebrated Eshelby inclusion with transformation strain is the (subsonically) self-similarly expanding ellipsoidal inclusion starting from the zero dimension. The solution of the governing system of partial differential equations was obtained recently by Ni & Markenscoff (In press. J. Mech. Phys. Solids (doi:10.1016/j.jmps.2016.02.025)) on the basis of the Radon transformation, while here an alternative method is presented. In the self-similarly expanding motion, the Eshelby property of constant constrained strain is valid in the interior domain of the expanding ellipsoid where the particle velocity vanishes (lacuna). The dynamic Eshelby tensor is obtained in integral form. From it, the static Eshelby tensor is obtained by a limiting procedure, as the axes' expansion velocities tend to zero and time to infinity, while their product is equal to the length of the static axis. This makes the Eshelby problem the limit of its dynamic generalization. PMID:27493574

SIGAR: Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-10-30

effectively . SIGAR has recommended that U.S. civilian agencies and military commands work together to develop an integrated management information sys- tem...amnesties and developing a reintegration program. The 11 Transformative Effects • Population Security • Elections and Continuity of Governance...national economies, to assisting in the develop - ment of effective , accessible, independent legal systems for a more transparent and accountable

Integral transforms of the quantum mechanical path integral: Hit function and path-averaged potential.

PubMed

Edwards, James P; Gerber, Urs; Schubert, Christian; Trejo, Maria Anabel; Weber, Axel

2018-04-01

We introduce two integral transforms of the quantum mechanical transition kernel that represent physical information about the path integral. These transforms can be interpreted as probability distributions on particle trajectories measuring respectively the relative contribution to the path integral from paths crossing a given spatial point (the hit function) and the likelihood of values of the line integral of the potential along a path in the ensemble (the path-averaged potential).

Integral transforms of the quantum mechanical path integral: Hit function and path-averaged potential

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Edwards, James P.; Gerber, Urs; Schubert, Christian; Trejo, Maria Anabel; Weber, Axel

2018-04-01

We introduce two integral transforms of the quantum mechanical transition kernel that represent physical information about the path integral. These transforms can be interpreted as probability distributions on particle trajectories measuring respectively the relative contribution to the path integral from paths crossing a given spatial point (the hit function) and the likelihood of values of the line integral of the potential along a path in the ensemble (the path-averaged potential).

Learning from graphically integrated 2D and 3D representations improves retention of neuroanatomy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Naaz, Farah

Visualizations in the form of computer-based learning environments are highly encouraged in science education, especially for teaching spatial material. Some spatial material, such as sectional neuroanatomy, is very challenging to learn. It involves learning the two dimensional (2D) representations that are sampled from the three dimensional (3D) object. In this study, a computer-based learning environment was used to explore the hypothesis that learning sectional neuroanatomy from a graphically integrated 2D and 3D representation will lead to better learning outcomes than learning from a sequential presentation. The integrated representation explicitly demonstrates the 2D-3D transformation and should lead to effective learning. This study was conducted using a computer graphical model of the human brain. There were two learning groups: Whole then Sections, and Integrated 2D3D. Both groups learned whole anatomy (3D neuroanatomy) before learning sectional anatomy (2D neuroanatomy). The Whole then Sections group then learned sectional anatomy using 2D representations only. The Integrated 2D3D group learned sectional anatomy from a graphically integrated 3D and 2D model. A set of tests for generalization of knowledge to interpreting biomedical images was conducted immediately after learning was completed. The order of presentation of the tests of generalization of knowledge was counterbalanced across participants to explore a secondary hypothesis of the study: preparation for future learning. If the computer-based instruction programs used in this study are effective tools for teaching anatomy, the participants should continue learning neuroanatomy with exposure to new representations. A test of long-term retention of sectional anatomy was conducted 4-8 weeks after learning was completed. The Integrated 2D3D group was better than the Whole then Sections group in retaining knowledge of difficult instances of sectional anatomy after the retention interval. The benefit of learning from an integrated 2D3D representation suggests that there are some spatial transformations which are better retained if they are learned through an explicit demonstration. Participants also showed evidence of continued learning on the tests of generalization with the help of cues and practice, even without feedback. This finding suggests that the computer-based learning programs used in this study were good tools for instruction of neuroanatomy.

Equivalence of linear canonical transform domains to fractional Fourier domains and the bicanonical width product: a generalization of the space-bandwidth product.

PubMed

Oktem, Figen S; Ozaktas, Haldun M

2010-08-01

Linear canonical transforms (LCTs) form a three-parameter family of integral transforms with wide application in optics. We show that LCT domains correspond to scaled fractional Fourier domains and thus to scaled oblique axes in the space-frequency plane. This allows LCT domains to be labeled and ordered by the corresponding fractional order parameter and provides insight into the evolution of light through an optical system modeled by LCTs. If a set of signals is highly confined to finite intervals in two arbitrary LCT domains, the space-frequency (phase space) support is a parallelogram. The number of degrees of freedom of this set of signals is given by the area of this parallelogram, which is equal to the bicanonical width product but usually smaller than the conventional space-bandwidth product. The bicanonical width product, which is a generalization of the space-bandwidth product, can provide a tighter measure of the actual number of degrees of freedom, and allows us to represent and process signals with fewer samples.

On generalized Volterra systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Charalambides, S. A.; Damianou, P. A.; Evripidou, C. A.

2015-01-01

We construct a large family of evidently integrable Hamiltonian systems which are generalizations of the KM system. The algorithm uses the root system of a complex simple Lie algebra. The Hamiltonian vector field is homogeneous cubic but in a number of cases a simple change of variables transforms such a system to a quadratic Lotka-Volterra system. We present in detail all such systems in the cases of A3, A4 and we also give some examples from higher dimensions. We classify all possible Lotka-Volterra systems that arise via this algorithm in the An case.

Operational method of solution of linear non-integer ordinary and partial differential equations.

PubMed

Zhukovsky, K V

2016-01-01

We propose operational method with recourse to generalized forms of orthogonal polynomials for solution of a variety of differential equations of mathematical physics. Operational definitions of generalized families of orthogonal polynomials are used in this context. Integral transforms and the operational exponent together with some special functions are also employed in the solutions. The examples of solution of physical problems, related to such problems as the heat propagation in various models, evolutional processes, Black-Scholes-like equations etc. are demonstrated by the operational technique.

The looming expansion and transformation of public substance abuse treatment under the Affordable Care Act.

PubMed

Buck, Jeffrey A

2011-08-01

Public substance abuse treatment services have largely operated as an independent part of the overall health care system, with unique methods of administration, funding, and service delivery. The Affordable Care Act of 2010 and other recent health care reforms, coupled with declines in state general revenue spending, will change this. Overall funding for these substance abuse services should increase, and they should be better integrated into the mainstream of general health care. Reform provisions are also likely to expand the variety of substance abuse treatment providers and shift services away from residential and stand-alone programs toward outpatient programs and more integrated programs or care systems. As a result, patients should have better access to care that is more medically based and person-centered.

Ultraviolet-Induced Decrease in Integration of Haemophilus influenzae Transforming Deoxyribonucleic Acid in Sensitive and Resistant Cells

PubMed Central

Muhammed, Amir; Setlow, Jane K.

1970-01-01

The decrease in integration of transforming deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) caused by ultraviolet irradiation of the DNA was found to be independent of the presence or absence of excision repair in the recipient cell. Much of the ultraviolet-induced inhibition of integration resulted from the presence in the transforming DNA of pyrimidine dimers, as judged by the photoreactivability of the inhibition with yeast photoreactivating enzyme. The inhibition of integration made only a small contribution to the inactivation of transforming ability of the DNA by ultraviolet radiation. PMID:5308769

Performance comparison of the Prophecy (forecasting) Algorithm in FFT form for unseen feature and time-series prediction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jaenisch, Holger; Handley, James

2013-06-01

We introduce a generalized numerical prediction and forecasting algorithm. We have previously published it for malware byte sequence feature prediction and generalized distribution modeling for disparate test article analysis. We show how non-trivial non-periodic extrapolation of a numerical sequence (forecast and backcast) from the starting data is possible. Our ancestor-progeny prediction can yield new options for evolutionary programming. Our equations enable analytical integrals and derivatives to any order. Interpolation is controllable from smooth continuous to fractal structure estimation. We show how our generalized trigonometric polynomial can be derived using a Fourier transform.

The rotational motion of an earth orbiting gyroscope according to the Einstein theory of general relativity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hoots, F. R.; Fitzpatrick, P. M.

1979-01-01

The classical Poisson equations of rotational motion are used to study the attitude motions of an earth orbiting, rapidly spinning gyroscope perturbed by the effects of general relativity (Einstein theory). The center of mass of the gyroscope is assumed to move about a rotating oblate earth in an evolving elliptic orbit which includes all first-order oblateness effects produced by the earth. A method of averaging is used to obtain a transformation of variables, for the nonresonance case, which significantly simplifies the Poisson differential equations of motion of the gyroscope. Long-term solutions are obtained by an exact analytical integration of the simplified transformed equations. These solutions may be used to predict both the orientation of the gyroscope and the motion of its rotational angular momentum vector as viewed from its center of mass. The results are valid for all eccentricities and all inclinations not near the critical inclination.

Axi-symmetric generalized thermoelastic diffusion problem with two-temperature and initial stress under fractional order heat conduction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deswal, Sunita; Kalkal, Kapil Kumar; Sheoran, Sandeep Singh

2016-09-01

A mathematical model of fractional order two-temperature generalized thermoelasticity with diffusion and initial stress is proposed to analyze the transient wave phenomenon in an infinite thermoelastic half-space. The governing equations are derived in cylindrical coordinates for a two dimensional axi-symmetric problem. The analytical solution is procured by employing the Laplace and Hankel transforms for time and space variables respectively. The solutions are investigated in detail for a time dependent heat source. By using numerical inversion method of integral transforms, we obtain the solutions for displacement, stress, temperature and diffusion fields in physical domain. Computations are carried out for copper material and displayed graphically. The effect of fractional order parameter, two-temperature parameter, diffusion, initial stress and time on the different thermoelastic and diffusion fields is analyzed on the basis of analytical and numerical results. Some special cases have also been deduced from the present investigation.

Application of the Sumudu Transform to Discrete Dynamic Systems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Asiru, Muniru Aderemi

2003-01-01

The Sumudu transform is an integral transform introduced to solve differential equations and control engineering problems. The transform possesses many interesting properties that make visualization easier and application has been demonstrated in the solution of partial differential equations, integral equations, integro-differential equations and…

Quantile regression via vector generalized additive models.

PubMed

Yee, Thomas W

2004-07-30

One of the most popular methods for quantile regression is the LMS method of Cole and Green. The method naturally falls within a penalized likelihood framework, and consequently allows for considerable flexible because all three parameters may be modelled by cubic smoothing splines. The model is also very understandable: for a given value of the covariate, the LMS method applies a Box-Cox transformation to the response in order to transform it to standard normality; to obtain the quantiles, an inverse Box-Cox transformation is applied to the quantiles of the standard normal distribution. The purposes of this article are three-fold. Firstly, LMS quantile regression is presented within the framework of the class of vector generalized additive models. This confers a number of advantages such as a unifying theory and estimation process. Secondly, a new LMS method based on the Yeo-Johnson transformation is proposed, which has the advantage that the response is not restricted to be positive. Lastly, this paper describes a software implementation of three LMS quantile regression methods in the S language. This includes the LMS-Yeo-Johnson method, which is estimated efficiently by a new numerical integration scheme. The LMS-Yeo-Johnson method is illustrated by way of a large cross-sectional data set from a New Zealand working population. Copyright 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Random variable transformation for generalized stochastic radiative transfer in finite participating slab media

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

El-Wakil, S. A.; Sallah, M.; El-Hanbaly, A. M.

2015-10-01

The stochastic radiative transfer problem is studied in a participating planar finite continuously fluctuating medium. The problem is considered for specular- and diffusly-reflecting boundaries with linear anisotropic scattering. Random variable transformation (RVT) technique is used to get the complete average for the solution functions, that are represented by the probability-density function (PDF) of the solution process. In the RVT algorithm, a simple integral transformation to the input stochastic process (the extinction function of the medium) is applied. This linear transformation enables us to rewrite the stochastic transport equations in terms of the optical random variable (x) and the optical random thickness (L). Then the transport equation is solved deterministically to get a closed form for the solution as a function of x and L. So, the solution is used to obtain the PDF of the solution functions applying the RVT technique among the input random variable (L) and the output process (the solution functions). The obtained averages of the solution functions are used to get the complete analytical averages for some interesting physical quantities, namely, reflectivity and transmissivity at the medium boundaries. In terms of the average reflectivity and transmissivity, the average of the partial heat fluxes for the generalized problem with internal source of radiation are obtained and represented graphically.

Non-autonomous Hénon--Heiles systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hone, Andrew N. W.

1998-07-01

Scaling similarity solutions of three integrable PDEs, namely the Sawada-Kotera, fifth order KdV and Kaup-Kupershmidt equations, are considered. It is shown that the resulting ODEs may be written as non-autonomous Hamiltonian equations, which are time-dependent generalizations of the well-known integrable Hénon-Heiles systems. The (time-dependent) Hamiltonians are given by logarithmic derivatives of the tau-functions (inherited from the original PDEs). The ODEs for the similarity solutions also have inherited Bäcklund transformations, which may be used to generate sequences of rational solutions as well as other special solutions related to the first Painlevé transcendent.

A complete and partial integrability technique of the Lorenz system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bougoffa, Lazhar; Al-Awfi, Saud; Bougouffa, Smail

2018-06-01

In this paper we deal with the well-known nonlinear Lorenz system that describes the deterministic chaos phenomenon. We consider an interesting problem with time-varying phenomena in quantum optics. Then we establish from the motion equations the passage to the Lorenz system. Furthermore, we show that the reduction to the third order non linear equation can be performed. Therefore, the obtained differential equation can be analytically solved in some special cases and transformed to Abel, Dufing, Painlevé and generalized Emden-Fowler equations. So, a motivating technique that permitted a complete and partial integrability of the Lorenz system is presented.

Improved digital filters for evaluating Fourier and Hankel transform integrals

USGS Publications Warehouse

Anderson, Walter L.

1975-01-01

New algorithms are described for evaluating Fourier (cosine, sine) and Hankel (J0,J1) transform integrals by means of digital filters. The filters have been designed with extended lengths so that a variable convolution operation can be applied to a large class of integral transforms having the same system transfer function. A f' lagged-convolution method is also presented to significantly decrease the computation time when computing a series of like-transforms over a parameter set spaced the same as the filters. Accuracy of the new filters is comparable to Gaussian integration, provided moderate parameter ranges and well-behaved kernel functions are used. A collection of Fortran IV subprograms is included for both real and complex functions for each filter type. The algorithms have been successfully used in geophysical applications containing a wide variety of integral transforms

Student Solution Manual for Mathematical Methods for Physics and Engineering Third Edition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Riley, K. F.; Hobson, M. P.

2006-03-01

Preface; 1. Preliminary algebra; 2. Preliminary calculus; 3. Complex numbers and hyperbolic functions; 4. Series and limits; 5. Partial differentiation; 6. Multiple integrals; 7. Vector algebra; 8. Matrices and vector spaces; 9. Normal modes; 10. Vector calculus; 11. Line, surface and volume integrals; 12. Fourier series; 13. Integral transforms; 14. First-order ordinary differential equations; 15. Higher-order ordinary differential equations; 16. Series solutions of ordinary differential equations; 17. Eigenfunction methods for differential equations; 18. Special functions; 19. Quantum operators; 20. Partial differential equations: general and particular; 21. Partial differential equations: separation of variables; 22. Calculus of variations; 23. Integral equations; 24. Complex variables; 25. Application of complex variables; 26. Tensors; 27. Numerical methods; 28. Group theory; 29. Representation theory; 30. Probability; 31. Statistics.

Theoretical Investigation of Thermo-Mechanical Behavior of Carbon Nanotube-Based Composites Using the Integral Transform Method

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pawloski, Janice S.

2001-01-01

This project uses the integral transform technique to model the problem of nanotube behavior as an axially symmetric system of shells. Assuming that the nanotube behavior can be described by the equations of elasticity, we seek a stress function x which satisfies the biharmonic equation: del(exp 4) chi = [partial deriv(r(exp 2)) + partial deriv(r) + partial deriv(z(exp 2))] chi = 0. The method of integral transformations is used to transform the differential equation. The symmetry with respect to the z-axis indicates that we only need to consider the sine transform of the stress function: X(bar)(r,zeta) = integral(from 0 to infinity) chi(r,z)sin(zeta,z) dz.

A Unified Method of Finding Laplace Transforms, Fourier Transforms, and Fourier Series. [and] An Inversion Method for Laplace Transforms, Fourier Transforms, and Fourier Series. Integral Transforms and Series Expansions. Modules and Monographs in Undergraduate Mathematics and Its Applications Project. UMAP Units 324 and 325.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grimm, C. A.

This document contains two units that examine integral transforms and series expansions. In the first module, the user is expected to learn how to use the unified method presented to obtain Laplace transforms, Fourier transforms, complex Fourier series, real Fourier series, and half-range sine series for given piecewise continuous functions. In…

Tomography and the Herglotz-Wiechert inverse formulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nowack, Robert L.

1990-04-01

In this paper, linearized tomography and the Herglotz-Wiechert inverse formulation are compared. Tomographic inversions for 2-D or 3-D velocity structure use line integrals along rays and can be written in terms of Radon transforms. For radially concentric structures, Radon transforms are shown to reduce to Abel transforms. Therefore, for straight ray paths, the Abel transform of travel-time is a tomographic algorithm specialized to a one-dimensional radially concentric medium. The Herglotz-Wiechert formulation uses seismic travel-time data to invert for one-dimensional earth structure and is derived using exact ray trajectories by applying an Abel transform. This is of historical interest since it would imply that a specialized tomographic-like algorithm has been used in seismology since the early part of the century (see Herglotz, 1907; Wiechert, 1910). Numerical examples are performed comparing the Herglotz-Wiechert algorithm and linearized tomography along straight rays. Since the Herglotz-Wiechert algorithm is applicable under specific conditions, (the absence of low velocity zones) to non-straight ray paths, the association with tomography may prove to be useful in assessing the uniqueness of tomographic results generalized to curved ray geometries.

Duplications created by transformation in Sordaria macrospora are not inactivated during meiosis.

PubMed

Le Chevanton, L; Leblon, G; Lebilcot, S

1989-09-01

We present here the first report of a transformation system developed for the filamentous fungus Sordaria macrospora. Protoplasts from a ura-5 strain were transformed using the cloned Sordaria gene at a frequency of 2 x 10(-5) transformants per viable protoplast (10 per microgram of DNA). Transformation occurred by integration of the donor sequences in the chromosomes of the recipient strain. In 71 cases out of 74, integration occurred outside the ura5 locus; frequently several (two to four) copies were found at a unique integration site. Using the advantage of the spore colour phenotype of the ura5-1 marker, we have shown that the transformed phenotype is stable through mitosis and meiosis in all transformants analysed. No methylation of the duplicated sequences could be observed during meiotic divisions in the transformants.

Neutrino conversion in a neutrino flux: towards an effective theory of collective oscillations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hansen, Rasmus S. L.; Smirnov, Alexei Yu.

2018-04-01

Collective oscillations of supernova neutrinos above the neutrino sphere can be completely described by the propagation of individual neutrinos in external potentials and are in this sense a linear phenomenon. An effective theory of collective oscillations can be developed based on certain assumptions about time dependence of these potentials. General conditions for strong flavor transformations are formulated and these transformations can be interpreted as parametric resonance effects induced by periodic modulations of the potentials. We study a simplified and solvable example, where a probe neutrino is propagating in a flux of collinear neutrinos, such that ν ν‑ interactions in the flux are absent. Still, this example retains the main feature—the coherent flavor exchange. Properties of the parametric resonance are studied, and it is shown that integrations over energies and emission points of the flux neutrinos suppress modulations of the potentials and therefore strong transformations. The transformations are also suppressed by changes in densities of background neutrinos and electrons.

Evaluation of a transfinite element numerical solution method for nonlinear heat transfer problems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cerro, J. A.; Scotti, S. J.

1991-01-01

Laplace transform techniques have been widely used to solve linear, transient field problems. A transform-based algorithm enables calculation of the response at selected times of interest without the need for stepping in time as required by conventional time integration schemes. The elimination of time stepping can substantially reduce computer time when transform techniques are implemented in a numerical finite element program. The coupling of transform techniques with spatial discretization techniques such as the finite element method has resulted in what are known as transfinite element methods. Recently attempts have been made to extend the transfinite element method to solve nonlinear, transient field problems. This paper examines the theoretical basis and numerical implementation of one such algorithm, applied to nonlinear heat transfer problems. The problem is linearized and solved by requiring a numerical iteration at selected times of interest. While shown to be acceptable for weakly nonlinear problems, this algorithm is ineffective as a general nonlinear solution method.

Batalin-Vilkovisky quantization and generalizations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bering, Klaus

Gauge theories play an important role in modern physics. Whenever a gauge symmetry is present, one should provide for a manifestly gauge independent formalism. It turns out that the BRST symmetry plays a prominent part in providing the gauge independence. The importance of gauge independence in the Hamiltonian Batalin-Fradkin-Fradkina- Vilkovisky formalism and in the Lagrangian Batalin- Vilkovisky formalism is stressed. Parallels are drawn between the various theories. A Hamiltonian path integral that takes into account quantum ordering effects arising in the operator formalism, should be written with the help of the star- multiplication or the Moyal bracket. It is generally believed, that this leads to higher order quantum corrections in the corresponding Lagrangian path integral. A higher order Lagrangian path integral based on a nilpotent higher order odd Laplacian is proposed. A new gauge independence mechanism that adapts to the higher order formalism, and that by-passes the problem of constructing a BRST transformation of the path integral in the higher order case, is developed. The new gauge mechanism is closely related to the cohomology of the odd Laplacian operator. Various cohomology aspects of the odd Laplacian are investigated. Whereas for instance the role of the ghost-cohomology properties of the BFV-BRST charge has been emphasized by several authors, the cohomology of the odd Laplacian are in general not well known.

Academic general internal medicine: a mission for the future.

PubMed

Armstrong, Katrina; Keating, Nancy L; Landry, Michael; Crotty, Bradley H; Phillips, Russell S; Selker, Harry P

2013-06-01

After five decades of growth that has included advances in medical education and health care delivery, value cohesion, and integration of diversity, we propose an overarching mission for academic general internal medicine to lead excellence, change, and innovation in clinical care, education, and research. General internal medicine aims to achieve health care delivery that is comprehensive, technologically advanced and individualized; instills trust within a culture of respect; is efficient in the use of time, people, and resources; is organized and financed to achieve optimal health outcomes; maximizes equity; and continually learns and adapts. This mission of health care transformation has implications for the clinical, educational, and research activities of divisions of general internal medicine over the next several decades.

Clinical data integration model. Core interoperability ontology for research using primary care data.

PubMed

Ethier, J-F; Curcin, V; Barton, A; McGilchrist, M M; Bastiaens, H; Andreasson, A; Rossiter, J; Zhao, L; Arvanitis, T N; Taweel, A; Delaney, B C; Burgun, A

2015-01-01

This article is part of the Focus Theme of METHODS of Information in Medicine on "Managing Interoperability and Complexity in Health Systems". Primary care data is the single richest source of routine health care data. However its use, both in research and clinical work, often requires data from multiple clinical sites, clinical trials databases and registries. Data integration and interoperability are therefore of utmost importance. TRANSFoRm's general approach relies on a unified interoperability framework, described in a previous paper. We developed a core ontology for an interoperability framework based on data mediation. This article presents how such an ontology, the Clinical Data Integration Model (CDIM), can be designed to support, in conjunction with appropriate terminologies, biomedical data federation within TRANSFoRm, an EU FP7 project that aims to develop the digital infrastructure for a learning healthcare system in European Primary Care. TRANSFoRm utilizes a unified structural / terminological interoperability framework, based on the local-as-view mediation paradigm. Such an approach mandates the global information model to describe the domain of interest independently of the data sources to be explored. Following a requirement analysis process, no ontology focusing on primary care research was identified and, thus we designed a realist ontology based on Basic Formal Ontology to support our framework in collaboration with various terminologies used in primary care. The resulting ontology has 549 classes and 82 object properties and is used to support data integration for TRANSFoRm's use cases. Concepts identified by researchers were successfully expressed in queries using CDIM and pertinent terminologies. As an example, we illustrate how, in TRANSFoRm, the Query Formulation Workbench can capture eligibility criteria in a computable representation, which is based on CDIM. A unified mediation approach to semantic interoperability provides a flexible and extensible framework for all types of interaction between health record systems and research systems. CDIM, as core ontology of such an approach, enables simplicity and consistency of design across the heterogeneous software landscape and can support the specific needs of EHR-driven phenotyping research using primary care data.

Efficient and genotype-independent Agrobacterium--mediated tomato transformation.

PubMed

Park, Sung Hun; Morris, Jay L; Park, Jung Eun; Hirschi, Kendal D; Smith, Roberta H

2003-10-01

An efficient method to transform five cultivars of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), Micro-Tom, Red Cherry, Rubion, Piedmont, and E6203 is reported. A comparison was made of leaf, cotyledon, and hypocotyl explants on 7 different regeneration media without Agrobacterium tumefaciens cocultivation and on 11 different media with cocultivation. Although all cultivars and explants formed callus and regenerated on the initial 7 media, cocultivation with A. tumefaciens significantly reduced the callus induction and regeneration. From these experiments, a transformation methodology using either hypocotyls or cotyledons cultured for one day on BA 1 mgL-1, NAA 0.1 mgL-1 and 3 days cocultivation with the Agrobacterium on this same medium followed by a transfer to a medium with zeatin 2 mgL-1 and IAA 0.1 mgL-1 for 4-6 weeks resulted in a greater than 20% transformation frequency for all five cultivars tested. In this transformation method, no feeder layers of tobacco, petunia or tomato suspension cultures were used, and the subculture media was minimal. Stable integration and transmission of the transgene in T1 generation plants were confirmed by Southern blot analysis. This procedure represents a simple, efficient and general means of transforming tomato.

The emergence and policy implications of converging new technologies integrated from the nanoscale

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roco, M. C.

2005-06-01

Science based on the unified concepts on matter at the nanoscale provides a new foundation for knowledge creation, innovation, and technology integration. Convergent new technologies refers to the synergistic combination of nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology and cognitive sciences (NBIC), each of which is currently progressing at a rapid rate, experiencing qualitative advancements, and interacting with the more established fields such as mathematics and environmental technologies (Roco & Bainbridge, 2002). It is expected that converging technologies will bring about tremendous improvements in transforming tools, new products and services, enable human personal abilities and social achievements, and reshape societal relationships. After a brief overview of the general implications of converging new technologies, this paper focuses on its effects on R&D policies and business models as part of changing societal relationships. These R&D policies will have implications on investments in research and industry, with the main goal of taking advantage of the transformative development of NBIC. Introduction of converging technologies must be done with respect of immediate concerns (privacy, toxicity of new materials, etc.) and longer-term concerns including human integrity, dignity and welfare. The efficient introduction and development of converging new technologies will require new organizations and business models, as well as solutions for preparing the economy, such as multifunctional research facilities, integrative technology platforms, and global risk governance.

a Highly-Integrated Supersonic-Jet Fourier Transform Microwave Spectrometer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gou, Qian; Feng, Gang; Grabow, Jens-Uwe

2017-06-01

A highly integrated supersonic-jet Fourier-transform microwave spectrometer of coaxially oriented beam-resonator arrangement (COBRA) type, covering 2-20GHz, has been recently built at Chongqing University, China. Built up almost entirely in an NI PXIe chassis, we take the advantage of the NI PXIe-5451 Dual-channel arbitrary waveform generator and the PXIe-5654 RF signal generator to create a spectrometer with wobbling capacity for fast resonator tuning. Based on the I/Q modulation, associate with PXI control and sequence boards built at the Leibniz Universitat Hannover, the design of the spectrometer is much simpler and very compact. The Fabry-Pérot resonator is semi-confocal with a spherical reflector of 630 mm diameter and a radius of 900 mm curvature and one circulator plate reflector of 630 mm diameter. The vacuum is effectuated by a three-stage mechanical (two-stage rotary vane and roots booster) pump at the fore line of a DN630 ISO-F 20000 L/s oil-diffusion pump. The supersonic-jet expansion is pulsed by a general valve Series 9 solenoid valve which is controlled by a general valve IOTA one driver governed by the experiment-sequence generation. First molecular examples to illustrate the performance of the new setup will include OCS and CF_3CHFCl.

[Advance in interferogram data processing technique].

PubMed

Jing, Juan-Juan; Xiangli, Bin; Lü, Qun-Bo; Huang, Min; Zhou, Jin-Song

2011-04-01

Fourier transform spectrometry is a type of novel information obtaining technology, which integrated the functions of imaging and spectra, but the data that the instrument acquired is the interference data of the target, which is an intermediate data and couldn't be used directly, so data processing must be adopted for the successful application of the interferometric data In the present paper, data processing techniques are divided into two classes: general-purpose and special-type. First, the advance in universal interferometric data processing technique is introduced, then the special-type interferometric data extracting method and data processing technique is illustrated according to the classification of Fourier transform spectroscopy. Finally, the trends of interferogram data processing technique are discussed.

A Solution of the System of Partial Differential Equations Which Describe the Propagation of Acoustic Pulses in Layered Fluid Media,

DTIC Science & Technology

transformed problem. Then using several changes of integration variables, the inverse transform is obtained by direct identification without recourse to the complex Laplace transform inversion integral. (Author)

Generalized perturbation (n, M)-fold Darboux transformations and multi-rogue-wave structures for the modified self-steepening nonlinear Schrödinger equation.

PubMed

Wen, Xiao-Yong; Yang, Yunqing; Yan, Zhenya

2015-07-01

In this paper, a simple and constructive method is presented to find the generalized perturbation (n,M)-fold Darboux transformations (DTs) of the modified nonlinear Schrödinger (MNLS) equation in terms of fractional forms of determinants. In particular, we apply the generalized perturbation (1,N-1)-fold DTs to find its explicit multi-rogue-wave solutions. The wave structures of these rogue-wave solutions of the MNLS equation are discussed in detail for different parameters, which display abundant interesting wave structures, including the triangle and pentagon, etc., and may be useful to study the physical mechanism of multirogue waves in optics. The dynamical behaviors of these multi-rogue-wave solutions are illustrated using numerical simulations. The same Darboux matrix can also be used to investigate the Gerjikov-Ivanov equation such that its multi-rogue-wave solutions and their wave structures are also found. The method can also be extended to find multi-rogue-wave solutions of other nonlinear integrable equations.

A General Small-Scale Reactor To Enable Standardization and Acceleration of Photocatalytic Reactions.

PubMed

Le, Chi Chip; Wismer, Michael K; Shi, Zhi-Cai; Zhang, Rui; Conway, Donald V; Li, Guoqing; Vachal, Petr; Davies, Ian W; MacMillan, David W C

2017-06-28

Photocatalysis for organic synthesis has experienced an exponential growth in the past 10 years. However, the variety of experimental procedures that have been reported to perform photon-based catalyst excitation has hampered the establishment of general protocols to convert visible light into chemical energy. To address this issue, we have designed an integrated photoreactor for enhanced photon capture and catalyst excitation. Moreover, the evaluation of this new reactor in eight photocatalytic transformations that are widely employed in medicinal chemistry settings has confirmed significant performance advantages of this optimized design while enabling a standardized protocol.

The Geometric Nature of the Flaschka Transformation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bloch, Anthony M.; Gay-Balmaz, François; Ratiu, Tudor S.

2017-06-01

We show that the Flaschka map, originally introduced to analyze the dynamics of the integrable Toda lattice system, is the inverse of a momentum map. We discuss the geometrical setting of the map and apply it to the generalized Toda lattice systems on semisimple Lie algebras, the rigid body system on Toda orbits, and to coadjoint orbits of semidirect products groups. In addition, we develop an infinite-dimensional generalization for the group of area preserving diffeomorphisms of the annulus and apply it to the analysis of the dispersionless Toda lattice PDE and the solvable rigid body PDE.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chen, Junchao; Xin, Xiangpeng; Chen, Yong, E-mail: ychen@sei.ecnu.edu.cn

The nonlocal symmetry is derived from the known Darboux transformation (DT) of the Hirota-Satsuma coupled Korteweg-de Vries (HS-cKdV) system, and infinitely many nonlocal symmetries are given by introducing the internal parameters. By extending the HS-cKdV system to an auxiliary system with five dependent variables, the prolongation is found to localize the so-called seed nonlocal symmetry related to the DT. By applying the general Lie point symmetry method to this enlarged system, we obtain two main results: a new type of finite symmetry transformation is derived, which is different from the initial DT and can generate new solutions from old ones;more » some novel exact interaction solutions among solitons and other complicated waves including periodic cnoidal waves and Painlevé waves are computed through similarity reductions. In addition, two kinds of new integrable models are proposed from the obtained nonlocal symmetry: the negative HS-cKdV hierarchy by introducing the internal parameters; the integrable models both in lower and higher dimensions by restricting the symmetry constraints.« less

Langevin dynamics for vector variables driven by multiplicative white noise: A functional formalism

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moreno, Miguel Vera; Arenas, Zochil González; Barci, Daniel G.

2015-04-01

We discuss general multidimensional stochastic processes driven by a system of Langevin equations with multiplicative white noise. In particular, we address the problem of how time reversal diffusion processes are affected by the variety of conventions available to deal with stochastic integrals. We present a functional formalism to build up the generating functional of correlation functions without any type of discretization of the Langevin equations at any intermediate step. The generating functional is characterized by a functional integration over two sets of commuting variables, as well as Grassmann variables. In this representation, time reversal transformation became a linear transformation in the extended variables, simplifying in this way the complexity introduced by the mixture of prescriptions and the associated calculus rules. The stochastic calculus is codified in our formalism in the structure of the Grassmann algebra. We study some examples such as higher order derivative Langevin equations and the functional representation of the micromagnetic stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation.

Generalized Functions for the Fractional Calculus

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lorenzo, Carl F.; Hartley, Tom T.

1999-01-01

Previous papers have used two important functions for the solution of fractional order differential equations, the Mittag-Leffler functionE(sub q)[at(exp q)](1903a, 1903b, 1905), and the F-function F(sub q)[a,t] of Hartley & Lorenzo (1998). These functions provided direct solution and important understanding for the fundamental linear fractional order differential equation and for the related initial value problem (Hartley and Lorenzo, 1999). This paper examines related functions and their Laplace transforms. Presented for consideration are two generalized functions, the R-function and the G-function, useful in analysis and as a basis for computation in the fractional calculus. The R-function is unique in that it contains all of the derivatives and integrals of the F-function. The R-function also returns itself on qth order differ-integration. An example application of the R-function is provided. A further generalization of the R-function, called the G-function brings in the effects of repeated and partially repeated fractional poles.

A computational method for solving stochastic Itô–Volterra integral equations based on stochastic operational matrix for generalized hat basis functions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Heydari, M.H., E-mail: heydari@stu.yazd.ac.ir; The Laboratory of Quantum Information Processing, Yazd University, Yazd; Hooshmandasl, M.R., E-mail: hooshmandasl@yazd.ac.ir

2014-08-01

In this paper, a new computational method based on the generalized hat basis functions is proposed for solving stochastic Itô–Volterra integral equations. In this way, a new stochastic operational matrix for generalized hat functions on the finite interval [0,T] is obtained. By using these basis functions and their stochastic operational matrix, such problems can be transformed into linear lower triangular systems of algebraic equations which can be directly solved by forward substitution. Also, the rate of convergence of the proposed method is considered and it has been shown that it is O(1/(n{sup 2}) ). Further, in order to show themore » accuracy and reliability of the proposed method, the new approach is compared with the block pulse functions method by some examples. The obtained results reveal that the proposed method is more accurate and efficient in comparison with the block pule functions method.« less

Improved FFT-based numerical inversion of Laplace transforms via fast Hartley transform algorithm

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hwang, Chyi; Lu, Ming-Jeng; Shieh, Leang S.

1991-01-01

The disadvantages of numerical inversion of the Laplace transform via the conventional fast Fourier transform (FFT) are identified and an improved method is presented to remedy them. The improved method is based on introducing a new integration step length Delta(omega) = pi/mT for trapezoidal-rule approximation of the Bromwich integral, in which a new parameter, m, is introduced for controlling the accuracy of the numerical integration. Naturally, this method leads to multiple sets of complex FFT computations. A new inversion formula is derived such that N equally spaced samples of the inverse Laplace transform function can be obtained by (m/2) + 1 sets of N-point complex FFT computations or by m sets of real fast Hartley transform (FHT) computations.

Volume integral equation for electromagnetic scattering: Rigorous derivation and analysis for a set of multilayered particles with piecewise-smooth boundaries in a passive host medium

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yurkin, Maxim A.; Mishchenko, Michael I.

2018-04-01

We present a general derivation of the frequency-domain volume integral equation (VIE) for the electric field inside a nonmagnetic scattering object from the differential Maxwell equations, transmission boundary conditions, radiation condition at infinity, and locally-finite-energy condition. The derivation applies to an arbitrary spatially finite group of particles made of isotropic materials and embedded in a passive host medium, including those with edges, corners, and intersecting internal interfaces. This is a substantially more general type of scatterer than in all previous derivations. We explicitly treat the strong singularity of the integral kernel, but keep the entire discussion accessible to the applied scattering community. We also consider the known results on the existence and uniqueness of VIE solution and conjecture a general sufficient condition for that. Finally, we discuss an alternative way of deriving the VIE for an arbitrary object by means of a continuous transformation of the everywhere smooth refractive-index function into a discontinuous one. Overall, the paper examines and pushes forward the state-of-the-art understanding of various analytical aspects of the VIE.

Transformations based on continuous piecewise-affine velocity fields

DOE PAGES

Freifeld, Oren; Hauberg, Soren; Batmanghelich, Kayhan; ...

2017-01-11

Here, we propose novel finite-dimensional spaces of well-behaved Rn → Rn transformations. The latter are obtained by (fast and highly-accurate) integration of continuous piecewise-affine velocity fields. The proposed method is simple yet highly expressive, effortlessly handles optional constraints (e.g., volume preservation and/or boundary conditions), and supports convenient modeling choices such as smoothing priors and coarse-to-fine analysis. Importantly, the proposed approach, partly due to its rapid likelihood evaluations and partly due to its other properties, facilitates tractable inference over rich transformation spaces, including using Markov-Chain Monte-Carlo methods. Its applications include, but are not limited to: monotonic regression (more generally, optimization overmore » monotonic functions); modeling cumulative distribution functions or histograms; time-warping; image warping; image registration; real-time diffeomorphic image editing; data augmentation for image classifiers. Our GPU-based code is publicly available.« less

Transformations Based on Continuous Piecewise-Affine Velocity Fields

PubMed Central

Freifeld, Oren; Hauberg, Søren; Batmanghelich, Kayhan; Fisher, Jonn W.

2018-01-01

We propose novel finite-dimensional spaces of well-behaved ℝn → ℝn transformations. The latter are obtained by (fast and highly-accurate) integration of continuous piecewise-affine velocity fields. The proposed method is simple yet highly expressive, effortlessly handles optional constraints (e.g., volume preservation and/or boundary conditions), and supports convenient modeling choices such as smoothing priors and coarse-to-fine analysis. Importantly, the proposed approach, partly due to its rapid likelihood evaluations and partly due to its other properties, facilitates tractable inference over rich transformation spaces, including using Markov-Chain Monte-Carlo methods. Its applications include, but are not limited to: monotonic regression (more generally, optimization over monotonic functions); modeling cumulative distribution functions or histograms; time-warping; image warping; image registration; real-time diffeomorphic image editing; data augmentation for image classifiers. Our GPU-based code is publicly available. PMID:28092517

Factors affecting the efficient transformation of Colletotrichum species

USGS Publications Warehouse

Redman, Regina S.; Rodriguez, Rusty J.

1994-01-01

Factors affecting the efficient transformation of Colletotrichum species. Experimental Mycology, 18, 230-246. Twelve isolates representing four species of Colletotrichum were transformed either by enhanced protoplast, restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI), or electroporation-mediated protocols. The enhanced protoplast transformation protocol resulted in 100- and 50-fold increases in the transformation efficiencies of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum and C. magna , respectively. REMI transformation involved the use of Hin dIII and vector DNA linearized with HindIII to increase the number of integration events and potential gene disruptions in the fungal genome. Combining the enhanced protoplast and the REMI protocols resulted in a 22-fold increase in the number of hygromycin/nystatin-resistant mutants in C. lindemuthianum . Electroporation-mediated transformation was performed on mycelial fragments and spores of four Colletotrichum species, resulting in efficiencies of up to 1000 transformants/μg DNA. The pHA1.3 vector which confers hygromycin resistance contains telomeric sequences from Fusarium oxysporum , transforms by autonomous replication and genomic integration, and was essential for elevated transformation efficiencies of 100 to 10,000 transformants/μg DNA. Modifications of pHA1.3 occurred during bacterial amplification and post fungal transformation resulting in plasmids capable of significantly elevated transformation efficiencies in C. lindemuthianum.

Inverse scattering transform analysis of rogue waves using local periodization procedure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Randoux, Stéphane; Suret, Pierre; El, Gennady

2016-07-01

The nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) stands out as the dispersive nonlinear partial differential equation that plays a prominent role in the modeling and understanding of the wave phenomena relevant to many fields of nonlinear physics. The question of random input problems in the one-dimensional and integrable NLSE enters within the framework of integrable turbulence, and the specific question of the formation of rogue waves (RWs) has been recently extensively studied in this context. The determination of exact analytic solutions of the focusing 1D-NLSE prototyping RW events of statistical relevance is now considered as the problem of central importance. Here we address this question from the perspective of the inverse scattering transform (IST) method that relies on the integrable nature of the wave equation. We develop a conceptually new approach to the RW classification in which appropriate, locally coherent structures are specifically isolated from a globally incoherent wave train to be subsequently analyzed by implementing a numerical IST procedure relying on a spatial periodization of the object under consideration. Using this approach we extend the existing classifications of the prototypes of RWs from standard breathers and their collisions to more general nonlinear modes characterized by their nonlinear spectra.

Inverse scattering transform analysis of rogue waves using local periodization procedure

PubMed Central

Randoux, Stéphane; Suret, Pierre; El, Gennady

2016-01-01

The nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) stands out as the dispersive nonlinear partial differential equation that plays a prominent role in the modeling and understanding of the wave phenomena relevant to many fields of nonlinear physics. The question of random input problems in the one-dimensional and integrable NLSE enters within the framework of integrable turbulence, and the specific question of the formation of rogue waves (RWs) has been recently extensively studied in this context. The determination of exact analytic solutions of the focusing 1D-NLSE prototyping RW events of statistical relevance is now considered as the problem of central importance. Here we address this question from the perspective of the inverse scattering transform (IST) method that relies on the integrable nature of the wave equation. We develop a conceptually new approach to the RW classification in which appropriate, locally coherent structures are specifically isolated from a globally incoherent wave train to be subsequently analyzed by implementing a numerical IST procedure relying on a spatial periodization of the object under consideration. Using this approach we extend the existing classifications of the prototypes of RWs from standard breathers and their collisions to more general nonlinear modes characterized by their nonlinear spectra. PMID:27385164

PREFACE: Nonlinearity and Geometry: connections with integrability Nonlinearity and Geometry: connections with integrability

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cieslinski, Jan L.; Ferapontov, Eugene V.; Kitaev, Alexander V.; Nimmo, Jonathan J. C.

2009-10-01

Geometric ideas are present in many areas of modern theoretical physics and they are usually associated with the presence of nonlinear phenomena. Integrable nonlinear systems play a prime role both in geometry itself and in nonlinear physics. One can mention general relativity, exact solutions of the Einstein equations, string theory, Yang-Mills theory, instantons, solitons in nonlinear optics and hydrodynamics, vortex dynamics, solvable models of statistical physics, deformation quantization, and many others. Soliton theory now forms a beautiful part of mathematics with very strong physical motivations and numerous applications. Interactions between mathematics and physics associated with integrability issues are very fruitful and stimulating. For instance, spectral theories of linear quantum mechanics turned out to be crucial for studying nonlinear integrable systems. The modern theory of integrable nonlinear partial differential and difference equations, or the `theory of solitons', is deeply rooted in the achievements of outstanding geometers of the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, such as Luigi Bianchi (1856-1928) and Jean Gaston Darboux (1842-1917). Transformations of surfaces and explicit constructions developed by `old' geometers were often rediscovered or reinterpreted in a modern framework. The great progress of recent years in so-called discrete geometry is certainly due to strong integrable motivations. A very remarkable feature of the results of the classical integrable geometry is the quite natural (although nontrivial) possibility of their discretization. This special issue is dedicated to Jean Gaston Darboux and his pioneering role in the development of the geometric ideas of modern soliton theory. The most famous aspects of his work are probably Darboux transformations and triply orthogonal systems of surfaces, whose role in modern mathematical physics cannot be overestimated. Indeed, Darboux transformations play a central role in soliton theory unifying continuous, discrete and quantum integrable systems. Triply orthogonal coordinates proved to be of prime importance for the modern theory of Hamiltonian systems of hydrodynamic type and differential-geometric Poisson brackets, culminating in the construction of the rich and beautiful theory of Frobenius manifolds. The idea for this special issue developed out of the Second Workshop on Nonlinearity and Geometry, a successful conference held in the Mathematical Research and Conference Center at Będlewo, Poland, 13-19 April 2008 (http://wmii.uwm.edu.pl/˜doliwa/WNG-DD.html). However, there was an open call for papers for this issue and all contributions were peer reviewed according to the standards of the journal and taking into account their relevance to the subject of the planned issue. Among the 30 listed authors, 16 attended the conference and the remaining 14 submitted their papers in answer to this open call. The First School on Nolinearity and Geometry (`Bianchi Days') was organized by Antoni Sym and his students in 1995 at the Physics Faculty of Warsaw University, Poland. The proceedings of the workshop, edited by Daniel Wójcik and Jan Cieśliński, were published by Polish Scientific Publishers PWN (Warsaw, 1998). The Second Workshop (`Darboux Days') was organized in 2008 by Adam Doliwa and his coworkers, under the Honorary Chair of Antoni Sym, as a Banach Center Conference. Both workshops gathered around 50 participants. The purpose of these meetings was to bring together researchers with diverse backgrounds (e.g., mathematical physics and differential geometry), and to review the state of the art at the border between the two subjects: geometric inspirations in soliton theory and applications of soliton techniques in geometry. The format was designed to allow substantial time for interaction and research. The invited lectures were longer, intended to present the current trends and open problems in the fields, and to be accessible to younger researchers. It is not out of place to recall that earlier the Institute of Theoretical of Physics of Warsaw University organized two, now legendary, Jadwisin Soliton Workshops (1977 and 1979); see the short note in Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena (1980 vol. 1, issue 1, pp 159-163) written by Antoni Sym who was deeply engaged in the organization of these conferences. In scale and scope both Jadwisin workshops preceded a series of very successful NEEDS conferences. Among the celebrated participants of the Jadwisin meeetings one can find names of great importance for the history of soliton theory: Martin Kruskal, Norman Zabuski, Mark Ablowitz, David Kaup, Allan Newell, Vladimir Zakharov, Sergei Manakov, Francesco Calogero, Antonio Degasperis and Ryogo Hirota. This special issue begins with an introductory historical article in which Antoni Sym presents the most important ideas in the scientific biography of Gaston Darboux. We encourage the readers discover the greatest (scientific!) love of Darboux. This is followed by five review papers. M Błaszak and B M Szablikowski discuss the general R-matrix formalism for the construction of integrable systems with infinitely many degrees of freedom. The general theory is applied to several infinite-dimensional Lie algebras leading to new examples of dispersionless and dispersive (soliton) integrable field systems in 1+1 and 2+1 dimensions. J L Cieśliński presents the Darboux-Bäcklund transformation for 1+1-dimensional integrable systems of PDEs. He compares existing approaches to the construction of multisoliton Darboux matrices, discusses the nonisospectral case and presents some new results on the linear and bilinear invariants of the Darboux-Bäcklund transformation. M Dunajski presents twistor theory as a geometric tool for solving nonlinear differential equations. Many soliton equations admit twistor interpretation in terms of holomophic vector bundles. A different approach is provided for dispersionless equations. Some integrable systems still await successful application of the twistor approach. This review, although concerned with advanced differential geometry, is quite elementary and self-contained. F Nijhoff, J Atkinson and J Hietarinta review the construction of soliton solutions for the KdV type lattice equations and derive N-soliton solutions for all lattice equations in the Adler-Bobenko-Suris list except for the generic elliptic case. The same problem is addressed in the contribution by J Hietarinta and D J Zhang based on the more traditional direct Hirota method. This leads to Casoratians and bilinear difference equations. Regular contributions include the following. H Baran and M Marvan launch a project to classify integrable classes of surfaces based on a novel deformation procedure of the equations of the embedding. This leads to a remarkable new integrable equation describing a class of Weingarten surfaces which seems to be overlooked in the literature. A Doliwa shows that the τ-function of the quadrilateral lattice can be identified with the Fredholm determinant of the integral equation inverting the nonlocal problem. This result is expected because its continuous counterpart (the case of conjugate nets, Darboux equations and the multicomponent KP hierarchy) is already known. Here one can find an explicit proof. P Gaillard and V B Matveev consider special reductions of the generic Darboux-Crum dressing procedure, leading to new formulas for Darboux-Pöschl-Teller potentials, their difference deformations and the related eigenfunctions. A Gouberman and K Leschke develop the theory of (generalized) Darboux transformations for conformal immersions of a Riemann surface into the 4-sphere. Applying this construction to the Clifford torus, they obtain a family of Willmore tori parametrized by Pythagorean triples. V Kiselev and J W van de Leur construct compatible nontrivial finite deformations of the Lie algebra structure in the symmetry algebra of the 3-component dispersionless Boussinesq-type system. T E Kouloukas and V G Papageorgiou introduce a family of nonparametric Yang-Baxter maps obtained by re-factorization of matrix polynomials of first degree. These maps are Poisson with respect to the Sklyanin bracket, and their degenerations are connected to known integrable systems on quad-graphs. S V Manakov and P M Santini apply a novel version of the inverse scattering transform based on Lax pairs in multidimensional commuting vector fields to the heavenly and Pavlov equations, establishing that their localized solutions evolve without breaking, and constructing the long-time behaviour of the corresponding Cauchy problems. Discretizations of integrable geometric models depend heavily on the coordinates used. M Nieszporski and A Sym show how to discretize Bianchi surfaces (associated with an elliptic version of the Ernst equation) in arbitrary parametrization. C Rogers and A Szereszewski study the Bäcklund transformation for L-isothermic surfaces in the original Bianchi formulation. They establish a connection between this transformation and a nonhomogeneous linear Schrödinger equation and construct a class of generalized Dupin cyclides. W K Schief, A Szereszewski and C Rogers study a classical system of equilibrium equations for shell membranes. Various examples of viable membrane geometries lead to remarkable geometric configurations such as generalized Dupin cyclides and L-minimal surfaces. A Sergyeyev constructs infinite hierarchies of nonlocal higher symmetries for the oriented associativity equations using the spectral problem. The hierarchies in question generalize those constructed by Chen, Kontsevich and Schwarz for the WDVV equations. J Shiraishi and Y Tutiya study an integro-differential equation which generalizes the periodic intermediate long wave equation. The kernel of the singular integral involved is a second order difference of the Weierstrass ζ-function. Using Sato's formulation, the authors demonstrate the integrability of the equation in question, and construct some special solutions. P H van der Kamp discusses general aspects of the Cauchy and Goursat problems for lattice equations focusing on their well-posedness, as well as on periodic and travelling wave reductions. We would like to express sincere thanks to all contributors, editorial staff and all involved in compiling this special issue. Jan L Cieśliński, Eugene V Ferapontov, Alexander V Kitaev and Jonathan J C Nimmo Guest Editors

The Cagniard Method in Complex Time Revisited

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-04-04

make the p-integral take the form of a forward Laplace transform, so that the cascade of the two integrals can be identified as a forward and inverse ... transform , thereby making the actual integration unnecessary. Typically, the method is applied to an integral that represents one body wave plus other

Expressions for tidal conversion at seafloor topography using physical space integrals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schorghofer, Norbert

2010-12-01

The barotropic tide interacts with seafloor topography to generate internal gravity waves. Equations for streamfunction and power conversion are derived in terms of integrals over the topography in spatial coordinates. The slope of the topography does not need to be small. Explicit equations are derived up to second order in slope for general topography, and conversion by a bell-shaped topography is calculated analytically to this order. A concise formalism using Hilbert transforms is developed, the minimally converting topographic shape is discussed, and a numerical scheme for the evaluation of power conversion is designed that robustly deals with the singular integrand.

Solution of some types of differential equations: operational calculus and inverse differential operators.

PubMed

Zhukovsky, K

2014-01-01

We present a general method of operational nature to analyze and obtain solutions for a variety of equations of mathematical physics and related mathematical problems. We construct inverse differential operators and produce operational identities, involving inverse derivatives and families of generalised orthogonal polynomials, such as Hermite and Laguerre polynomial families. We develop the methodology of inverse and exponential operators, employing them for the study of partial differential equations. Advantages of the operational technique, combined with the use of integral transforms, generating functions with exponentials and their integrals, for solving a wide class of partial derivative equations, related to heat, wave, and transport problems, are demonstrated.

Transforming the Master's Degree in Human Development and Family Science

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Benson, Mark J.; Allen, Katherine R.; Few, April L.; Roberto, Karen A.; Blieszner, Rosemary; Meszaros, Peggy S.; Henderson, Tammy L.

2006-01-01

This study chronicles the transformation of a master's program from a traditional degree format to a more integrated, flexible, efficient, and relevant approach. The transformative strategies involve cohort learning, creative concentrations, portfolio documentation, and outreach presentation. Through integrating resources and goals, the new…

A unified structural/terminological interoperability framework based on LexEVS: application to TRANSFoRm.

PubMed

Ethier, Jean-François; Dameron, Olivier; Curcin, Vasa; McGilchrist, Mark M; Verheij, Robert A; Arvanitis, Theodoros N; Taweel, Adel; Delaney, Brendan C; Burgun, Anita

2013-01-01

Biomedical research increasingly relies on the integration of information from multiple heterogeneous data sources. Despite the fact that structural and terminological aspects of interoperability are interdependent and rely on a common set of requirements, current efforts typically address them in isolation. We propose a unified ontology-based knowledge framework to facilitate interoperability between heterogeneous sources, and investigate if using the LexEVS terminology server is a viable implementation method. We developed a framework based on an ontology, the general information model (GIM), to unify structural models and terminologies, together with relevant mapping sets. This allowed a uniform access to these resources within LexEVS to facilitate interoperability by various components and data sources from implementing architectures. Our unified framework has been tested in the context of the EU Framework Program 7 TRANSFoRm project, where it was used to achieve data integration in a retrospective diabetes cohort study. The GIM was successfully instantiated in TRANSFoRm as the clinical data integration model, and necessary mappings were created to support effective information retrieval for software tools in the project. We present a novel, unifying approach to address interoperability challenges in heterogeneous data sources, by representing structural and semantic models in one framework. Systems using this architecture can rely solely on the GIM that abstracts over both the structure and coding. Information models, terminologies and mappings are all stored in LexEVS and can be accessed in a uniform manner (implementing the HL7 CTS2 service functional model). The system is flexible and should reduce the effort needed from data sources personnel for implementing and managing the integration.

A unified structural/terminological interoperability framework based on LexEVS: application to TRANSFoRm

PubMed Central

Ethier, Jean-François; Dameron, Olivier; Curcin, Vasa; McGilchrist, Mark M; Verheij, Robert A; Arvanitis, Theodoros N; Taweel, Adel; Delaney, Brendan C; Burgun, Anita

2013-01-01

Objective Biomedical research increasingly relies on the integration of information from multiple heterogeneous data sources. Despite the fact that structural and terminological aspects of interoperability are interdependent and rely on a common set of requirements, current efforts typically address them in isolation. We propose a unified ontology-based knowledge framework to facilitate interoperability between heterogeneous sources, and investigate if using the LexEVS terminology server is a viable implementation method. Materials and methods We developed a framework based on an ontology, the general information model (GIM), to unify structural models and terminologies, together with relevant mapping sets. This allowed a uniform access to these resources within LexEVS to facilitate interoperability by various components and data sources from implementing architectures. Results Our unified framework has been tested in the context of the EU Framework Program 7 TRANSFoRm project, where it was used to achieve data integration in a retrospective diabetes cohort study. The GIM was successfully instantiated in TRANSFoRm as the clinical data integration model, and necessary mappings were created to support effective information retrieval for software tools in the project. Conclusions We present a novel, unifying approach to address interoperability challenges in heterogeneous data sources, by representing structural and semantic models in one framework. Systems using this architecture can rely solely on the GIM that abstracts over both the structure and coding. Information models, terminologies and mappings are all stored in LexEVS and can be accessed in a uniform manner (implementing the HL7 CTS2 service functional model). The system is flexible and should reduce the effort needed from data sources personnel for implementing and managing the integration. PMID:23571850

Complete factorisation and analytic solutions of generalized Lotka-Volterra equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brenig, L.

1988-11-01

It is shown that many systems of nonlinear differential equations of interest in various fields are naturally imbedded in a new family of differential equations. This family is invariant under nonlinear transformations based on the concept of matrix power of a vector. Each equation belonging to that family can be brought into a factorized canonical form for which integrable cases can be easily identified and solutions can be found by quadratures.

Nonequilibrium dynamics of one-dimensional hard-core anyons following a quench: complete relaxation of one-body observables.

PubMed

Wright, Tod M; Rigol, Marcos; Davis, Matthew J; Kheruntsyan, Karén V

2014-08-01

We demonstrate the role of interactions in driving the relaxation of an isolated integrable quantum system following a sudden quench. We consider a family of integrable hard-core lattice anyon models that continuously interpolates between noninteracting spinless fermions and strongly interacting hard-core bosons. A generalized Jordan-Wigner transformation maps the entire family to noninteracting fermions. We find that, aside from the singular free-fermion limit, the entire single-particle density matrix and, therefore, all one-body observables relax to the predictions of the generalized Gibbs ensemble (GGE). This demonstrates that, in the presence of interactions, correlations between particles in the many-body wave function provide the effective dissipation required to drive the relaxation of all one-body observables to the GGE. This relaxation does not depend on translational invariance or the tracing out of any spatial domain of the system.

Integrals for IBS and beam cooling

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Burov, A.; /Fermilab

Simulation of beam cooling usually requires performing certain integral transformations every time step or so, which is a significant burden on the CPU. Examples are the dispersion integrals (Hilbert transforms) in the stochastic cooling, wake fields and IBS integrals. An original method is suggested for fast and sufficiently accurate computation of the integrals. This method is applied for the dispersion integral. Some methodical aspects of the IBS analysis are discussed.

Integrals for IBS and Beam Cooling

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Burov, A.

Simulation of beam cooling usually requires performing certain integral transformations every time step or so, which is a significant burden on the CPU. Examples are the dispersion integrals (Hilbert transforms) in the stochastic cooling, wake fields and IBS integrals. An original method is suggested for fast and sufficiently accurate computation of the integrals. This method is applied for the dispersion integral. Some methodical aspects of the IBS analysis are discussed.

Microwave processed NiMg ferrite: Studies on structural and magnetic properties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chandra Babu Naidu, K.; Madhuri, W.

2016-12-01

Ferrites are magnetic semiconductors realizing an important role in electrical and electronic circuits where electrical and magnetic property coupling is required. Though ferrite materials are known for a long time, there is a large scope in the improvement of their properties (vice sintering and frequency dependence of electrical and magnetic properties) with the current technological trends. Forth coming technology is aimed at miniaturization and smart gadgets, electrical components like inductors and transformers cannot be included in integrated circuits. These components are incorporated into the circuit as surface mount devices whose fabrication involves low temperature co-firing of ceramics and microwave monolithic integrated circuits technologies. These technologies demand low temperature sinter-ability of ferrites. This article presents low temperature microwave sintered Ni-Mg ferrites of general chemical formula Ni1-xMgxFe2O4 (x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1) for potential applications as transformer core materials. The series of ferrites are characterized using X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and vibrating sample magnetometer for investigating structural, morphological and magnetic properties respectively. The initial permeability is studied with magnesium content, temperature and frequency in the temperature range of 308 K-873 K and 42 Hz-5 MHz.

Thermodynamic Modelling of Phase Transformation in a Multi-Component System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vala, J.

2007-09-01

Diffusion in multi-component alloys can be characterized by the vacancy mechanism for substitutional components, by the existence of sources and sinks for vacancies and by the motion of atoms of interstitial components. The description of diffusive and massive phase transformation of a multi-component system is based on the thermodynamic extremal principle by Onsager; the finite thickness of the interface between both phases is respected. The resulting system of partial differential equations of evolution with integral terms for unknown mole fractions (and additional variables in case of non-ideal sources and sinks for vacancies), can be analyzed using the method of lines and the finite difference technique (or, alternatively, the finite element one) together with the semi-analytic and numerical integration formulae and with certain iteration procedure, making use of the spectral properties of linear operators. The original software code for the numerical evaluation of solutions of such systems, written in MATLAB, offers a chance to simulate various real processes of diffusional phase transformation. Some results for the (nearly) steady-state real processes in substitutional alloys have been published yet. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the same approach can handle both substitutional and interstitial components even in case of a general system of evolution.

A Transforming Marker That Produces Merodiploids with High Efficiency and Stable Transformants with Low Efficiency in Streptococcus

PubMed Central

Ravin, Arnold W.; Ma, Michael

1975-01-01

A mutation (ery-r8) conferring a high level of resistance to erythromycin in the Challis strain of Streptoccus sanguis can be transferred to wild-type erythromycin-sensitive recipients via single molecules of donor DNA. The transformants thus produced are of two types: (1) cells slightly more resistant to erythromycin than wild-type and capable of segregating (at a frequency of 2 x 10-4/bacterium/generation) either wild-type or highly-resistant cells like the original donor type; (2) cells phenotypically and genotypically identical to the original donor type. The unstable diploids (ery-r8/+) occur with a frequency equivalent to that obtained with high-efficiency (HE) markers, whereas the stable donor-type (ery-r8) transformants occur with about five hundred times lower frequency. Penetration of the wild-type recipient by more than one molecule of DNA bearing the ery-r8 marker increases by as much as seven times the incidence of stable transformants. UV-irradiation of molecules bearing the ery-r8 marker diminishes their ability to cooperate in producing a stable transformant, although the UV sensitivity of stable transformant production by a single DNA molecule is not different from that of diploid production. Hence, stable transformants do not appear to be produced by a process typical of low efficiency (LE) markers, which are generally highly sensitive to ultraviolet irradiation. Moreover, stable ery-r8 transformants are produced with equally low frequencies in strains of S. pneumoniae that discriminate (hex+) and fail to discriminate (hex -) between HE and LE markers. We postulate that all transformations by the ery-r8 marker result in ery-r8/+ diploids, and that segregation results in the infrequent stable transformants of the original donor type. This hypothesis is supported by the observations that rifampin treatment of ery-r8/+ populations increases the frequency of segregation and similar treatment of wild-type recipients undergoing transformation by the ery-r8 marker increases the frequency of stable transformants.—In producing the ery-r8/+ transformant the r8 allele is integrated close to the site of its wild-type homolog, since single molecules of DNA from this transformant can be shown to carry both alleles. Segregation of either the ery-r8 or + allele is not detectably enhanced by acridine orange or thymidine deprivation.—The ery-r8 marker occurs close to a site of mutation (ery-r2) which confers erythromycin resistance upon ribosomes. When the r2 and r8 markers are jointly transferred, ery-r2-r8/+ genomes are produced in which the r2 marker is stably integrated but the r8 marker is unstably adjoined to its wild-type homolog. Thus, the duplicated region can be quite short. When the ery-r8 marker is stably integrated, the region of the marker is refractory to subsequent transformation. Markers with properties like ery-r8 are not particularly rare, being found with a frequency of about 4% among spontaneous mutations to erythromycin resistance. PMID:1232022

Transforming Epidemiology for 21st Century Medicine and Public Health

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Khoury, Muin J; Lam, Tram Kim; Ioannidis, John

2013-01-01

n 2012, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) engaged the scientific community to provide a vision for cancer epidemiology in the 21st century. Eight overarching thematic recommendations, with proposed corresponding actions for consideration by funding agencies, professional societies, and the research community emerged from the collective intellectual discourse. The themes are (i) extending the reach of epidemiology beyond discovery and etiologic research to include multilevel analysis, intervention evaluation, implementation, and outcomes research; (ii) transforming the practice of epidemiology by moving toward more access and sharing of protocols, data, metadata, and specimens to foster collaboration, to ensure reproducibility and replication, and acceleratemore » translation; (iii) expanding cohort studies to collect exposure, clinical, and other information across the life course and examining multiple health-related endpoints; (iv) developing and validating reliable methods and technologies to quantify exposures and outcomes on a massive scale, and to assess concomitantly the role of multiple factors in complex diseases; (v) integrating big data science into the practice of epidemiology; (vi) expanding knowledge integration to drive research, policy, and practice; (vii) transforming training of 21st century epidemiologists to address interdisciplinary and translational research; and (viii) optimizing the use of resources and infrastructure for epidemiologic studies. These recommendations can transform cancer epidemiology and the field of epidemiology, in general, by enhancing transparency, interdisciplinary collaboration, and strategic applications of new technologies. They should lay a strong scientific foundation for accelerated translation of scientific discoveries into individual and population health benefits.« less

Transforming Epidemiology for 21st Century Medicine and Public Health

PubMed Central

Khoury, Muin J.; Lam, Tram Kim; Ioannidis, John P.A.; Hartge, Patricia; Spitz, Margaret R.; Buring, Julie E.; Chanock, Stephen J.; Croyle, Robert T.; Goddard, Katrina A.; Ginsburg, Geoffrey S.; Herceg, Zdenko; Hiatt, Robert A.; Hoover, Robert N.; Hunter, David J.; Kramer, Barnet S.; Lauer, Michael S.; Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A.; Olopade, Olufunmilayo I.; Palmer, Julie R.; Sellers, Thomas A.; Seminara, Daniela; Ransohoff, David F.; Rebbeck, Timothy R.; Tourassi, Georgia; Winn, Deborah M.; Zauber, Ann; Schully, Sheri D.

2013-01-01

In 2012, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) engaged the scientific community to provide a vision for cancer epidemiology in the 21st century. Eight overarching thematic recommendations, with proposed corresponding actions for consideration by funding agencies, professional societies, and the research community emerged from the collective intellectual discourse. The themes are (i) extending the reach of epidemiology beyond discovery and etiologic research to include multilevel analysis, intervention evaluation, implementation, and outcomes research; (ii) transforming the practice of epidemiology by moving towards more access and sharing of protocols, data, metadata, and specimens to foster collaboration, to ensure reproducibility and replication, and accelerate translation; (iii) expanding cohort studies to collect exposure, clinical and other information across the life course and examining multiple health-related endpoints; (iv) developing and validating reliable methods and technologies to quantify exposures and outcomes on a massive scale, and to assess concomitantly the role of multiple factors in complex diseases; (v) integrating “big data” science into the practice of epidemiology; (vi) expanding knowledge integration to drive research, policy and practice; (vii) transforming training of 21st century epidemiologists to address interdisciplinary and translational research; and (viii) optimizing the use of resources and infrastructure for epidemiologic studies. These recommendations can transform cancer epidemiology and the field of epidemiology in general, by enhancing transparency, interdisciplinary collaboration, and strategic applications of new technologies. They should lay a strong scientific foundation for accelerated translation of scientific discoveries into individual and population health benefits. PMID:23462917

A new generation of alloyed/multimetal chalcogenide nanowires by chemical transformation

PubMed Central

Yang, Yuan; Wang, Kai; Liang, Hai-Wei; Liu, Guo-Qiang; Feng, Mei; Xu, Liang; Liu, Jian-Wei; Wang, Jin-Long; Yu, Shu-Hong

2015-01-01

One-dimensional metal chalcogenide nanostructures are important candidates for many technological applications such as photovoltaic and thermoelectric devices. However, the design and synthesis of one-dimensional metal chalcogenide nanostructured materials with controllable components and properties remain a challenge. We report a general chemical transformation process for the synthesis of more than 45 kinds of one-dimensional alloyed/hybrid metal chalcogenide nanostructures inherited from mother template TexSey@Se core-shell nanowires with tunable compositions. As many as nine types of monometal chalcogenide alloy nanowires (including AgSeTe, HgSeTe, CuSeTe, BiSeTe, PbSeTe, CdSeTe, SbSeTe, NiSeTe, and CoSeTe) can be synthesized. Alloyed and hybrid nanowires integrated with two or more alloyed metal chalcogenide phases can also be prepared. The compositions of all of these metal chalcogenide nanowires are tunable within a wide range. This protocol provides a new general route for the controllable synthesis of a new generation of one-dimensional metal chalcogenide nanostructures. PMID:26601137

A new generation of alloyed/multimetal chalcogenide nanowires by chemical transformation.

PubMed

Yang, Yuan; Wang, Kai; Liang, Hai-Wei; Liu, Guo-Qiang; Feng, Mei; Xu, Liang; Liu, Jian-Wei; Wang, Jin-Long; Yu, Shu-Hong

2015-11-01

One-dimensional metal chalcogenide nanostructures are important candidates for many technological applications such as photovoltaic and thermoelectric devices. However, the design and synthesis of one-dimensional metal chalcogenide nanostructured materials with controllable components and properties remain a challenge. We report a general chemical transformation process for the synthesis of more than 45 kinds of one-dimensional alloyed/hybrid metal chalcogenide nanostructures inherited from mother template Te x Se y @Se core-shell nanowires with tunable compositions. As many as nine types of monometal chalcogenide alloy nanowires (including AgSeTe, HgSeTe, CuSeTe, BiSeTe, PbSeTe, CdSeTe, SbSeTe, NiSeTe, and CoSeTe) can be synthesized. Alloyed and hybrid nanowires integrated with two or more alloyed metal chalcogenide phases can also be prepared. The compositions of all of these metal chalcogenide nanowires are tunable within a wide range. This protocol provides a new general route for the controllable synthesis of a new generation of one-dimensional metal chalcogenide nanostructures.

"The Great Transformation" and suicide: local and long-lasting effects of 1930 bank suspensions.

PubMed

Baller, Robert D; Levchak, Phil; Schultz, Mark

2010-12-01

Depression-era bank suspensions and failures are conceptualized as products of the first part of what Polanyi (1994) called "The Great Transformation," which involved an imbalanced institutional arrangement in which the economy dominated other institutions. Relying on Durkheim (1897/1951) and Merton (1938, 1968), it is argued that these banking problems accentuated the type of chronic anomie that Durkheim theorized would create normative deregulation and elevated suicide rates over the long-term. Results from county-level analyses are supportive as the 1930 bank suspension rate is positively related to the 2000 suicide rate, controlling for contemporary and historical factors. The mediating roles of integration and chronic anomie are considered, with the latter measured using data from the geocoded General Social Survey.

On the dielectric conductivity of molecular ionic liquids.

PubMed

Schröder, Christian; Steinhauser, Othmar

2009-09-21

The contribution of the conductivity to the spectrum of the generalized dielectric constant or susceptibility of molecular ionic liquids is analyzed, both in theoretical terms and computationally by means of molecular dynamics simulation of the concrete system 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanoamide at 300 K. As a central quantity the simulated current autocorrelation function is modeled by a carefully designed fit function. This not only gives a satisfactory numerical representation but yields the correct conductivity upon integration. In addition the fit function can be Fourier-Laplace transformed analytically. Both, the real and imaginary parts of the transform show expected behavior, in particular, the right limits for zero frequency. This altogether demonstrates that the components of the fit function are of physical relevance.

The Tribolium homeotic gene Abdominal is homologous to abdominal-A of the Drosophila bithorax complex

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stuart, J. J.; Brown, S. J.; Beeman, R. W.; Denell, R. E.; Spooner, B. S. (Principal Investigator)

1993-01-01

The Abdominal gene is a member of the single homeotic complex of the beetle, Tribolium castaneum. An integrated developmental genetic and molecular analysis shows that Abdominal is homologous to the abdominal-A gene of the bithorax complex of Drosophila. abdominal-A mutant embryos display strong homeotic transformations of the anterior abdomen (parasegments 7-9) to PS6, whereas developmental commitments in the posterior abdomen depend primarily on Abdominal-B. In beetle embryos lacking Abdominal function, parasegments throughout the abdomen are transformed to PS6. This observation demonstrates the general functional significance of parasegmental expression among insects and shows that the control of determinative decisions in the posterior abdomen by homeotic selector genes has undergone considerable evolutionary modification.

Fresh look at the Abelian and non-Abelian Landau-Khalatnikov-Fradkin transformations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

De Meerleer, T.; Dudal, D.; Sorella, S. P.; Dall'Olio, P.; Bashir, A.

2018-04-01

The Landau-Khalatnikov-Fradkin transformations (LKFTs) allow one to interpolate n -point functions between different gauges. We first offer an alternative derivation of these LKFTs for the gauge and fermions field in the Abelian (QED) case when working in the class of linear covariant gauges. Our derivation is based on the introduction of a gauge invariant transversal gauge field, which allows a natural generalization to the non-Abelian (QCD) case of the LKFTs. To our knowledge, within this rigorous formalism, this is the first construction of the LKFTs beyond QED. The renormalizability of our setup is guaranteed to all orders. We also offer a direct path integral derivation in the non-Abelian case, finding full consistency.

The Tribolium homeotic gene Abdominal is homologous to abdominal-A of the Drosophila bithorax complex.

PubMed

Stuart, J J; Brown, S J; Beeman, R W; Denell, R E

1993-01-01

The Abdominal gene is a member of the single homeotic complex of the beetle, Tribolium castaneum. An integrated developmental genetic and molecular analysis shows that Abdominal is homologous to the abdominal-A gene of the bithorax complex of Drosophila. abdominal-A mutant embryos display strong homeotic transformations of the anterior abdomen (parasegments 7-9) to PS6, whereas developmental commitments in the posterior abdomen depend primarily on Abdominal-B. In beetle embryos lacking Abdominal function, parasegments throughout the abdomen are transformed to PS6. This observation demonstrates the general functional significance of parasegmental expression among insects and shows that the control of determinative decisions in the posterior abdomen by homeotic selector genes has undergone considerable evolutionary modification.

Implementation of an Integrated, Portable Transformer Condition Monitoring Instrument in the Classroom and On-Site

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chatterjee, B.; Dey, D.; Chakravorti, S.

2010-01-01

The development of integrated, portable, transformer condition monitoring (TCM) equipment for classroom demonstrations as well as for student exercises conducted in the field is discussed. Demonstrations include experimentation with real-world transformers to illustrate concepts such as polarization and depolarization current through oil-paper…

Generalization of Boundary-Layer Momentum-Integral Equations to Three-Dimensional Flows Including Those of Rotating System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mager, Arthur

1952-01-01

The Navier-Stokes equations of motion and the equation of continuity are transformed so as to apply to an orthogonal curvilinear coordinate system rotating with a uniform angular velocity about an arbitrary axis in space. A usual simplification of these equations as consistent with the accepted boundary-layer theory and an integration of these equations through the boundary layer result in boundary-layer momentum-integral equations for three-dimensional flows that are applicable to either rotating or nonrotating fluid boundaries. These equations are simplified and an approximate solution in closed integral form is obtained for a generalized boundary-layer momentum-loss thickness and flow deflection at the wall in the turbulent case. A numerical evaluation of this solution carried out for data obtained in a curving nonrotating duct shows a fair quantitative agreement with the measures values. The form in which the equations are presented is readily adaptable to cases of steady, three-dimensional, incompressible boundary-layer flow like that over curved ducts or yawed wings; and it also may be used to describe the boundary-layer flow over various rotating surfaces, thus applying to turbomachinery, propellers, and helicopter blades.

Accomplishing Transformative Research in a Challenging Fiscal Environment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mitchell, E. J.; Paxton, L. J.; Bust, G.

2014-12-01

The shift in funding is forcing scientists to promise transformative research for a pittance. To accomplish this, researchers need to transform their methodology to include societal buy-in, use of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technology, and cross-discipline platform usage. As the cutting edge of research expands to view the system on the global scale with extremely fine resolution, fiscally reasonable budgets present a challenge to be met. Consider how do we measure a specific variable over 45-degrees of latitude in an isolated and hostile region of Earth - the total electron count over the South Pole? This work examines this transformative research using hosted payloads on buoys, balloons, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). We will show cutting edge research occurring simultaneous with education and public outreach, offering societal buy-in through interactive websites and student-built hosted payloads. These interactions provide a vision to the public and a new database to the scientists. The use of COTS technology and cross-discipline (oceanography and space) platforms keep the cost low. We will discuss a general methodology for accomplishing transformative research in a challenging fiscal environment through integration of COTS technology, assimilative and first principle models, and observing systems simulation experiments (OSSEs).

On exact solutions for some oscillating motions of a generalized Oldroyd-B fluid

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khan, M.; Anjum, Asia; Qi, Haitao; Fetecau, C.

2010-02-01

This paper deals with exact solutions for some oscillating motions of a generalized Oldroyd-B fluid. The fractional calculus approach is used in the constitutive relationship of fluid model. Analytical expressions for the velocity field and the corresponding shear stress for flows due to oscillations of an infinite flat plate as well as those induced by an oscillating pressure gradient are determined using Fourier sine and Laplace transforms. The obtained solutions are presented under integral and series forms in terms of the Mittag-Leffler functions. For α = β = 1, our solutions tend to the similar solutions for ordinary Oldroyd-B fluid. A comparison between generalized and ordinary Oldroyd-B fluids is shown by means of graphical illustrations.

From PCK to TPACK: Developing a Transformative Model for Pre-Service Science Teachers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jang, Syh-Jong; Chen, Kuan-Chung

2010-12-01

New science teachers should be equipped with the ability to integrate and design the curriculum and technology for innovative teaching. How to integrate technology into pre-service science teachers' pedagogical content knowledge is the important issue. This study examined the impact on a transformative model of integrating technology and peer coaching for developing technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) of pre-service science teachers. A transformative model and an online system were designed to restructure science teacher education courses. Participants of this study included an instructor and 12 pre-service teachers. The main sources of data included written assignments, online data, reflective journals, videotapes and interviews. This study expanded four views, namely, the comprehensive, imitative, transformative and integrative views to explore the impact of TPACK. The model could help pre-service teachers develop technological pedagogical methods and strategies of integrating subject-matter knowledge into science lessons, and further enhanced their TPACK.

The quantum Ising chain with a generalized defect

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grimm, Uwe

1990-08-01

The finite-size scaling properties of the quantum Ising chain with different types of generalized defects are studied. This not only means an alteration of the coupling constant as previously examined, but also an additional arbitrary transformation in the algebra of observables at one site of the chain. One can distinguish between two classes of generalized defects: on the one hand those which do not affect the finite-size integrability of the Ising chain, and on the other hand those that destroy this property. In this context, finite-size integrability is always understood as a synonym for the possibility to write the hamiltonian of the finite chain as a bilinear expression in fermionic operators by means of a Jordan-Wigner transformation. Concerning the first type of defect, an exact solution for the scaling spectrum is obtained for the most universal defect that preserves the global Z2 symmetry of the chain. It is shown that in the continuum limit this yields the same result as for one properly chosen ordinary defect, that is changing the coupling constant only, and thus the finite-size scaling spectra can be described by irreps of a shifted u(1) Kac-Moody algebra. The other type of defect is examined by means of numerical finite-size calculations. In contrast to the first case, these calculations suggest a non-continuous dependence of the scaling dimensions on the defect parameters. A conjecture for the operator content involving only one primary field of a Virasoro algebra with central charge c= {1}/{2} is given.

Quality, value, accountability and information as transforming strategies for patient-centred care: a commentary from an international perspective.

PubMed

Ramirez, Bernardo; Nazaretian, Mihran

2005-01-01

The reviewed paper describes how one of the largest integrated healthcare systems in the US has successfully transformed itself to provide 21st-century healthcare. Even though there are other examples of successful transformation of public health services, it is difficult for large, bureaucratic systems to change, and a substantial number of ministries of health or social security health systems in the developing world are run under the assumption that change is very difficult if not impossible to achieve. The VA has significant differences and more financial resources compared to most of the developing world public health institutions; but still, change is often not only about money, but also about strategic direction, commitment and leadership. On the basis of the main strategies used by the VA in its transformation process, the author makes some comments and suggestions for improving developing world healthcare organizations through lessons learned from the VA management strategies. Demand-driven or patient-centred systems are key for success and for the buy-in and involvement of the population and users of healthcare services, but this is easier said than done, especially in developing healthcare systems with immature information systems, access mechanisms and knowledge management. There is a belief in general that large bureaucratic organizations have a hard time adapting and transforming in response to the rapid change of society, technology and most importantly the needs and expectations of their users. The article describes how the largest integrated healthcare organization in the United States, the Veterans Health Administration, has undertaken changes that have turned it into a modern, well-managed organization that outperforms its competitors and has significantly increased its efficiency and users' satisfaction.

Consistent Discretization and Canonical, Classical and Quantum Regge Calculus

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gambini, Rodolfo; Pullin, Jorge

We apply the "consistent discretization" technique to the Regge action for (Euclidean and Lorentzian) general relativity in arbitrary number of dimensions. The result is a well-defined canonical theory that is free of constraints and where the dynamics is implemented as a canonical transformation. In the Lorentzian case, the framework appears to be naturally free of the "spikes" that plague traditional formulations. It also provides a well-defined recipe for determining the integration measure for quantum Regge calculus.

Determination of the transforming activities of adenovirus oncogenes.

PubMed

Nevels, Michael; Dobner, Thomas

2007-01-01

The last 50 yr of molecular biological investigations into human adenoviruses (Ads) have contributed enormously to our understanding of the basic principles of normal and malignant cell growth. Much of this knowledge stems from analyses of the Ad productive infection cycle in permissive host cells. Also, initial observations concerning the transforming potential of human Ads subsequently revealed decisive insights into the molecular mechanisms of the origins of cancer and established Ads as a model system for explaining virus-mediated transformation processes. Today it is well established that cell transformation by human Ads is a multistep process involving several gene products encoded in early transcription units 1A (E1A) and 1B (E1B). Moreover, a large body of evidence now indicates that alternative or additional mechanisms are engaged in Ad-mediated oncogenic transformation involving gene products encoded in early region 4 (E4) as well as epigenetic changes resulting from viral DNA integration. In particular, studies on the transforming potential of several E4 gene products have now revealed new pathways that point to novel general mechanisms of virus-mediated oncogenesis. In this chapter we describe in vitro and in vivo assays to determine the transforming and oncogenic activities of the E1A, E1B, and E4 oncoproteins in primary baby rat kidney cells and athymic nude mice.

Determination of the transforming activities of adenovirus oncogenes.

PubMed

Speiseder, Thomas; Nevels, Michael; Dobner, Thomas

2014-01-01

The last 50 years of molecular biological investigations into human adenoviruses (Ads) have contributed enormously to our understanding of the basic principles of normal and malignant cell growth. Much of this knowledge stems from analyses of the Ad productive infection cycle in permissive host cells. Also, initial observations concerning the transforming potential of human Ads subsequently revealed decisive insights into the molecular mechanisms of the origins of cancer and established Ads as a model system for explaining virus-mediated transformation processes. Today it is well established that cell transformation by human Ads is a multistep process involving several gene products encoded in early transcription units 1A (E1A) and 1B (E1B). Moreover, a large body of evidence now indicates that alternative or additional mechanisms are engaged in Ad-mediated oncogenic transformation involving gene products encoded in early region 4 (E4) as well as epigenetic changes resulting from viral DNA integration. In particular, studies on the transforming potential of several E4 gene products have now revealed new pathways that point to novel general mechanisms of virus-mediated oncogenesis. In this chapter we describe in vitro and in vivo assays to determine the transforming and oncogenic activities of the E1A, E1B, and E4 oncoproteins in primary baby rat kidney cells, human amniotic fluid cells and athymic nude mice.

An Improved Transformation and Optimized Sampling Scheme for the Numerical Evaluation of Singular and Near-Singular Potentials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Khayat, Michael A.; Wilton, Donald R.; Fink, Patrick W.

2007-01-01

Simple and efficient numerical procedures using singularity cancellation methods are presented for evaluating singular and near-singular potential integrals. Four different transformations are compared and the advantages of the Radial-angular transform are demonstrated. A method is then described for optimizing this integration scheme.

A New Approach to the Numerical Evaluation of the Inverse Radon Transform with Discrete, Noisy Data.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-07-01

spline form. The resulting analytic expression for the inner integral in the inverse transform is then readily evaluated, and the outer (periodic...integral is replaced by a sum. The work involved to obtain the inverse transform appears to be within the capability of existing computing equipment for

Lessons from the Desert: Integrating Managerial Expertise and Learning for Organizational Transformation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roth, George

2004-01-01

Reflection upon a field study of a corporate transformation provides insights into the application and integration of organizational learning theory and frameworks with local, corporate knowledge. In the corporate transformation studied this local knowledge came from consumer psychology, marketing campaigns and the use of media. When these ideas…

Cell transformation mediated by chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid of polyoma virus-transformed cells.

PubMed Central

Della Valle, G; Fenton, R G; Basilico, C

1981-01-01

To study the mechanism of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-mediated gene transfer, normal rat cells were transfected with total cellular DNA extracted from polyoma virus-transformed cells. This resulted in the appearance of the transformed phenotype in 1 X 10(-6) to 3 X 10(-6) of the transfected cells. Transformation was invariably associated with the acquisition of integrated viral DNA sequences characteristic of the donor DNA. This was caused not by the integration of free DNA molecules, but by the transfer of large DNA fragments (10 to 20 kilobases) containing linked cellular and viral sequences. Although Southern blot analysis showed that integration did not appear to occur in a homologous region of the recipient chromosome, the frequency of transformation was rather high when compared with that of purified polyoma DNA, perhaps due to "position" effects or to the high efficiency of recombination of large DNA fragments. Images PMID:6100965

Frictionless Contact of Multilayered Composite Half Planes Containing Layers With Complex Eigenvalues

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zhang, Wang; Binienda, Wieslaw K.; Pindera, Marek-Jerzy

1997-01-01

A previously developed local-global stiffness matrix methodology for the response of a composite half plane, arbitrarily layered with isotropic, orthotropic or monoclinic plies, to indentation by a rigid parabolic punch is further extended to accommodate the presence of layers with complex eigenvalues (e.g., honeycomb or piezoelectric layers). First, a generalized plane deformation solution for the displacement field in an orthotropic layer or half plane characterized by complex eigenvalues is obtained using Fourier transforms. A local stiffness matrix in the transform domain is subsequently constructed for this class of layers and half planes, which is then assembled into a global stiffness matrix for the entire multilayered half plane by enforcing continuity conditions along the interfaces. Application of the mixed boundary condition on the top surface of the half plane indented by a rigid punch results in an integral equation for the unknown pressure in the contact region. The integral possesses a divergent kernel which is decomposed into Cauchy-type and regular parts using the asymptotic properties of the local stiffness matrix and a relationship between Fourier and finite Hilbert transform of the contact pressure. The solution of the resulting singular integral equation is obtained using a collocation technique based on the properties of orthogonal polynomials developed by Erdogan and Gupta. Examples are presented that illustrate the important influence of low transverse properties of layers with complex eigenvalues, such as those exhibited by honeycomb, on the load versus contact length response and contact pressure distributions for half planes containing typical composite materials.

On the Empirical Importance of the Conditional Skewness Assumption in Modelling the Relationship between Risk and Return

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pipień, M.

2008-09-01

We present the results of an application of Bayesian inference in testing the relation between risk and return on the financial instruments. On the basis of the Intertemporal Capital Asset Pricing Model, proposed by Merton we built a general sampling distribution suitable in analysing this relationship. The most important feature of our assumptions is that the skewness of the conditional distribution of returns is used as an alternative source of relation between risk and return. This general specification relates to Skewed Generalized Autoregressive Conditionally Heteroscedastic-in-Mean model. In order to make conditional distribution of financial returns skewed we considered the unified approach based on the inverse probability integral transformation. In particular, we applied hidden truncation mechanism, inverse scale factors, order statistics concept, Beta and Bernstein distribution transformations and also a constructive method. Based on the daily excess returns on the Warsaw Stock Exchange Index we checked the empirical importance of the conditional skewness assumption on the relation between risk and return on the Warsaw Stock Market. We present posterior probabilities of all competing specifications as well as the posterior analysis of the positive sign of the tested relationship.

Path Integral Computation of Quantum Free Energy Differences Due to Alchemical Transformations Involving Mass and Potential.

PubMed

Pérez, Alejandro; von Lilienfeld, O Anatole

2011-08-09

Thermodynamic integration, perturbation theory, and λ-dynamics methods were applied to path integral molecular dynamics calculations to investigate free energy differences due to "alchemical" transformations. Several estimators were formulated to compute free energy differences in solvable model systems undergoing changes in mass and/or potential. Linear and nonlinear alchemical interpolations were used for the thermodynamic integration. We find improved convergence for the virial estimators, as well as for the thermodynamic integration over nonlinear interpolation paths. Numerical results for the perturbative treatment of changes in mass and electric field strength in model systems are presented. We used thermodynamic integration in ab initio path integral molecular dynamics to compute the quantum free energy difference of the isotope transformation in the Zundel cation. The performance of different free energy methods is discussed.

Intitialization, Conceptualization, and Application in the Generalized Fractional Calculus

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lorenzo, Carl F.; Hartley, Tom T.

1998-01-01

This paper provides a formalized basis for initialization in the fractional calculus. The intent is to make the fractional calculus readily accessible to engineering and the sciences. A modified set of definitions for the fractional calculus is provided which formally include the effects of initialization. Conceptualizations of fractional derivatives and integrals are shown. Physical examples of the basic elements from electronics are presented along with examples from dynamics, material science, viscoelasticity, filtering, instrumentation, and electrochemistry to indicate the broad application of the theory and to demonstrate the use of the mathematics. The fundamental criteria for a generalized calculus established by Ross (1974) are shown to hold for the generalized fractional calculus under appropriate conditions. A new generalized form for the Laplace transform of the generalized differintegral is derived. The concept of a variable structure (order) differintegral is presented along with initial efforts toward meaningful definitions.

Initialization, conceptualization, and application in the generalized (fractional) calculus.

PubMed

Lorenzo, Carl F; Hartley, Tom T

2007-01-01

This paper provides a formalized basis for initialization in the fractional calculus. The intent is to make the fractional calculus readily accessible to engineering and the sciences. A modified set of definitions for the fractional calculus is provided which formally include the effects of initialization. Conceptualizations of fractional derivatives and integrals are shown. Physical examples of the basic elements from electronics are presented along with examples from dynamics, material science, viscoelasticity, filtering, instrumentation, and electrochemistry to indicate the broad application of the theory and to demonstrate the use of the mathematics. The fundamental criteria for a generalized calculus established by Ross (1974) are shown to hold for the generalized fractional calculus under appropriate conditions. A new generalized form for the Laplace transform of the generalized differintegral is derived. The concept of a variable structure (order) differintegral is presented along with initial efforts toward meaningful definitions.

Stable transformation of Pleurotus ostreatus to hygromycin B resistance using Lentinus edodes GPD expression signals.

PubMed

Irie, T; Honda, Y; Hirano, T; Sato, T; Enei, H; Watanabe, T; Kuwahara, M

2001-09-01

It was reported that Pleurotus ostreatus was transformed unstably using recombinant plasmids containing a hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene (hph) under the control of Aspergillus nidulans expression signals, and that the plasmids were maintained extrachromosomally in the transformants. Here we report a stable and integrative transformation of the fungus to hygromycin B resistance, using a recombinant hph fused with Lentinus edodes glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase expression signals. Restriction-enzyme-mediated integration (REMI) was also tried and increased the transformation efficiency about ten-fold.

DNA transformations of Candida tropicalis with replicating and integrative vectors.

PubMed

Sanglard, D; Fiechter, A

1992-12-01

The alkane-assimilating yeast Candida tropicalis was used as a host for DNA transformations. A stable ade2 mutant (Ha900) obtained by UV-mutagenesis was used as a recipient for different vectors carrying selectable markers. A first vector, pMK16, that was developed for the transformation of C. albicans and carries an ADE2 gene marker and a Candida autonomously replicating sequence (CARS) element promoting autonomous replication, was compatible for transforming Ha900. Two transformant types were observed: (i) pink transformants which easily lose pMK16 under non-selective growth conditions; (ii) white transformants, in which the same plasmid exhibited a higher mitotic stability. In both cases pMK16 could be rescued from these cells in Escherichia coli. A second vector, pADE2, containing the isolated C. tropicalis ADE2, gene, was used to transform Ha900. This vector integrated in the yeast genome at homologous sites of the ade2 locus. Different integration types were observed at one or both ade2 alleles in single or in tandem repeats.

Data layer integration for the national map of the united states

USGS Publications Warehouse

Usery, E.L.; Finn, M.P.; Starbuck, M.

2009-01-01

The integration of geographic data layers in multiple raster and vector formats, from many different organizations and at a variety of resolutions and scales, is a significant problem for The National Map of the United States being developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. Our research has examined data integration from a layer-based approach for five of The National Map data layers: digital orthoimages, elevation, land cover, hydrography, and transportation. An empirical approach has included visual assessment by a set of respondents with statistical analysis to establish the meaning of various types of integration. A separate theoretical approach with established hypotheses tested against actual data sets has resulted in an automated procedure for integration of specific layers and is being tested. The empirical analysis has established resolution bounds on meanings of integration with raster datasets and distance bounds for vector data. The theoretical approach has used a combination of theories on cartographic transformation and generalization, such as T??pfer's radical law, and additional research concerning optimum viewing scales for digital images to establish a set of guiding principles for integrating data of different resolutions.

Gauge and integrable theories in loop spaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ferreira, L. A.; Luchini, G.

2012-05-01

We propose an integral formulation of the equations of motion of a large class of field theories which leads in a quite natural and direct way to the construction of conservation laws. The approach is based on generalized non-abelian Stokes theorems for p-form connections, and its appropriate mathematical language is that of loop spaces. The equations of motion are written as the equality of a hyper-volume ordered integral to a hyper-surface ordered integral on the border of that hyper-volume. The approach applies to integrable field theories in (1+1) dimensions, Chern-Simons theories in (2+1) dimensions, and non-abelian gauge theories in (2+1) and (3+1) dimensions. The results presented in this paper are relevant for the understanding of global properties of those theories. As a special byproduct we solve a long standing problem in (3+1)-dimensional Yang-Mills theory, namely the construction of conserved charges, valid for any solution, which are invariant under arbitrary gauge transformations.

A spectral boundary integral equation method for the 2-D Helmholtz equation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hu, Fang Q.

1994-01-01

In this paper, we present a new numerical formulation of solving the boundary integral equations reformulated from the Helmholtz equation. The boundaries of the problems are assumed to be smooth closed contours. The solution on the boundary is treated as a periodic function, which is in turn approximated by a truncated Fourier series. A Fourier collocation method is followed in which the boundary integral equation is transformed into a system of algebraic equations. It is shown that in order to achieve spectral accuracy for the numerical formulation, the nonsmoothness of the integral kernels, associated with the Helmholtz equation, must be carefully removed. The emphasis of the paper is on investigating the essential elements of removing the nonsmoothness of the integral kernels in the spectral implementation. The present method is robust for a general boundary contour. Aspects of efficient implementation of the method using FFT are also discussed. A numerical example of wave scattering is given in which the exponential accuracy of the present numerical method is demonstrated.

On the symmetries of integrability

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bellon, M.; Maillard, J.M.; Viallet, C.

1992-06-01

In this paper the authors show that the Yang-Baxter equations for two-dimensional models admit as a group of symmetry the infinite discrete group A{sub 2}{sup (1)}. The existence of this symmetry explains the presence of a spectral parameter in the solutions of the equations. The authors show that similarly, for three-dimensional vertex models and the associated tetrahedron equations, there also exists an infinite discrete group of symmetry. Although generalizing naturally the previous one, it is a much bigger hyperbolic Coxeter group. The authors indicate how this symmetry can help to resolve the Yang-Baxter equations and their higher-dimensional generalizations and initiatemore » the study of three-dimensional vertex models. These symmetries are naturally represented as birational projective transformations. They may preserve non-trivial algebraic varieties, and lead to proper parametrizations of the models, be they integrable or not. The authors mention the relation existing between spin models and the Bose-Messner algebras of algebraic combinatorics. The authors' results also yield the generalization of the condition q{sup n} = 1 so often mentioned in the theory of quantum groups, when no q parameter is available.« less

A Transformative Approach to Work Integrated Learning in Legal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Babacan, Alperhan; Babacan, Hurriyet

2015-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to discuss the current context, scope and problems in the provision of work-integrated learning (WIL) in legal education and how the adoption transformative pedagogies in WIL which is offered in legal education can foster personal and social transformation in addition to enhancing lawyering skills. The paper…

Integration of planar transformer and/or planar inductor with power switches in power converter

DOEpatents

Chen, Kanghua; Ahmed, Sayeed; Zhu, Lizhi

2007-10-30

A power converter integrates at least one planar transformer comprising a multi-layer transformer substrate and/or at least one planar inductor comprising a multi-layer inductor substrate with a number of power semiconductor switches physically and thermally coupled to a heat sink via one or more multi-layer switch substrates.

Linear units improve articulation between social and physical constructs: An example from caregiver parameterization for children supported by complex medical technologies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bezruczko, N.; Stanley, T.; Battle, M.; Latty, C.

2016-11-01

Despite broad sweeping pronouncements by international research organizations that social sciences are being integrated into global research programs, little attention has been directed toward obstacles blocking productive collaborations. In particular, social sciences routinely implement nonlinear, ordinal measures, which fundamentally inhibit integration with overarching scientific paradigms. The widely promoted general linear model in contemporary social science methods is largely based on untransformed scores and ratings, which are neither objective nor linear. This issue has historically separated physical and social sciences, which this report now asserts is unnecessary. In this research, nonlinear, subjective caregiver ratings of confidence to care for children supported by complex, medical technologies were transformed to an objective scale defined by logits (N=70). Transparent linear units from this transformation provided foundational insights into measurement properties of a social- humanistic caregiving construct, which clarified physical and social caregiver implications. Parameterized items and ratings were also subjected to multivariate hierarchical analysis, then decomposed to demonstrate theoretical coherence (R2 >.50), which provided further support for convergence of mathematical parameterization, physical expectations, and a social-humanistic construct. These results present substantial support for improving integration of social sciences with contemporary scientific research programs by emphasizing construction of common variables with objective, linear units.

A rapid method for detection of fumonisins B1 and B2 in corn meal using Fourier transform near infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy implemented with integrating sphere.

PubMed

Gaspardo, B; Del Zotto, S; Torelli, E; Cividino, S R; Firrao, G; Della Riccia, G; Stefanon, B

2012-12-01

Fourier transform near infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy is an analytical procedure generally used to detect organic compounds in food. In this work the ability to predict fumonisin B(1)+B(2) contents in corn meal using an FT-NIR spectrophotometer, equipped with an integration sphere, was assessed. A total of 143 corn meal samples were collected in Friuli Venezia Giulia Region (Italy) and used to define a 15 principal components regression model, applying partial least square regression algorithm with full cross validation as internal validation. External validation was performed to 25 unknown samples. Coefficients of correlation, root mean square error and standard error of calibration were 0.964, 0.630 and 0.632, respectively and the external validation confirmed a fair potential of the model in predicting FB(1)+FB(2) concentration. Results suggest that FT-NIR analysis is a suitable method to detect FB(1)+FB(2) in corn meal and to discriminate safe meals from those contaminated. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A general spectral transformation simultaneously including a Fourier transformation and a Laplace transformation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Marko, H.

1978-01-01

A general spectral transformation is proposed and described. Its spectrum can be interpreted as a Fourier spectrum or a Laplace spectrum. The laws and functions of the method are discussed in comparison with the known transformations, and a sample application is shown.

Fourier transform of the multicenter product of 1s hydrogenic orbitals and Coulomb or Yukawa potentials and the analytically reduced form for subsequent integrals that include plane waves

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Straton, Jack C.

1989-01-01

The Fourier transform of the multicenter product of N 1s hydrogenic orbitals and M Coulomb or Yukawa potentials is given as an (M+N-1)-dimensional Feynman integral with external momenta and shifted coordinates. This is accomplished through the introduction of an integral transformation, in addition to the standard Feynman transformation for the denominators of the momentum representation of the terms in the product, which moves the resulting denominator into an exponential. This allows the angular dependence of the denominator to be combined with the angular dependence in the plane waves.

Angle-domain inverse scattering migration/inversion in isotropic media

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Wuqun; Mao, Weijian; Li, Xuelei; Ouyang, Wei; Liang, Quan

2018-07-01

The classical seismic asymptotic inversion can be transformed into a problem of inversion of generalized Radon transform (GRT). In such methods, the combined parameters are linearly attached to the scattered wave-field by Born approximation and recovered by applying an inverse GRT operator to the scattered wave-field data. Typical GRT-style true-amplitude inversion procedure contains an amplitude compensation process after the weighted migration via dividing an illumination associated matrix whose elements are integrals of scattering angles. It is intuitional to some extent that performs the generalized linear inversion and the inversion of GRT together by this process for direct inversion. However, it is imprecise to carry out such operation when the illumination at the image point is limited, which easily leads to the inaccuracy and instability of the matrix. This paper formulates the GRT true-amplitude inversion framework in an angle-domain version, which naturally degrades the external integral term related to the illumination in the conventional case. We solve the linearized integral equation for combined parameters of different fixed scattering angle values. With this step, we obtain high-quality angle-domain common-image gathers (CIGs) in the migration loop which provide correct amplitude-versus-angle (AVA) behavior and reasonable illumination range for subsurface image points. Then we deal with the over-determined problem to solve each parameter in the combination by a standard optimization operation. The angle-domain GRT inversion method keeps away from calculating the inaccurate and unstable illumination matrix. Compared with the conventional method, the angle-domain method can obtain more accurate amplitude information and wider amplitude-preserved range. Several model tests demonstrate the effectiveness and practicability.

Design of time-pulse coded optoelectronic neuronal elements for nonlinear transformation and integration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Krasilenko, Vladimir G.; Nikolsky, Alexander I.; Lazarev, Alexander A.; Lazareva, Maria V.

2008-03-01

In the paper the actuality of neurophysiologically motivated neuron arrays with flexibly programmable functions and operations with possibility to select required accuracy and type of nonlinear transformation and learning are shown. We consider neurons design and simulation results of multichannel spatio-time algebraic accumulation - integration of optical signals. Advantages for nonlinear transformation and summation - integration are shown. The offered circuits are simple and can have intellectual properties such as learning and adaptation. The integrator-neuron is based on CMOS current mirrors and comparators. The performance: consumable power - 100...500 μW, signal period- 0.1...1ms, input optical signals power - 0.2...20 μW time delays - less 1μs, the number of optical signals - 2...10, integration time - 10...100 of signal periods, accuracy or integration error - about 1%. Various modifications of the neuron-integrators with improved performance and for different applications are considered in the paper.

Requirements to Design to Code: Towards a Fully Formal Approach to Automatic Code Generation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hinchey, Michael G.; Rash, James L.; Rouff, Christopher A.

2005-01-01

A general-purpose method to mechanically transform system requirements into a provably equivalent model has yet to appear. Such a method represents a necessary step toward high-dependability system engineering for numerous possible application domains, including distributed software systems, sensor networks, robot operation, complex scripts for spacecraft integration and testing, and autonomous systems. Currently available tools and methods that start with a formal model of a system and mechanically produce a provably equivalent implementation are valuable but not sufficient. The gap that current tools and methods leave unfilled is that their formal models cannot be proven to be equivalent to the system requirements as originated by the customer. For the classes of systems whose behavior can be described as a finite (but significant) set of scenarios, we offer a method for mechanically transforming requirements (expressed in restricted natural language, or in other appropriate graphical notations) into a provably equivalent formal model that can be used as the basis for code generation and other transformations.

Requirements to Design to Code: Towards a Fully Formal Approach to Automatic Code Generation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hinchey, Michael G.; Rash, James L.; Rouff, Christopher A.

2005-01-01

A general-purpose method to mechanically transform system requirements into a provably equivalent model has yet to appear. Such a method represents a necessary step toward high-dependability system engineering for numerous possible application domains, including distributed software systems, sensor networks, robot operation, complex scripts for spacecraft integration and testing, and autonomous systems. Currently available tools and methods that start with a formal model of a: system and mechanically produce a provably equivalent implementation are valuable but not sufficient. The "gap" that current tools and methods leave unfilled is that their formal models cannot be proven to be equivalent to the system requirements as originated by the customer. For the ciasses of systems whose behavior can be described as a finite (but significant) set of scenarios, we offer a method for mechanically transforming requirements (expressed in restricted natural language, or in other appropriate graphical notations) into a provably equivalent formal model that can be used as the basis for code generation and other transformations.

Multispectral Image Compression for Improvement of Colorimetric and Spectral Reproducibility by Nonlinear Spectral Transform

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, Shanshan; Murakami, Yuri; Obi, Takashi; Yamaguchi, Masahiro; Ohyama, Nagaaki

2006-09-01

The article proposes a multispectral image compression scheme using nonlinear spectral transform for better colorimetric and spectral reproducibility. In the method, we show the reduction of colorimetric error under a defined viewing illuminant and also that spectral accuracy can be improved simultaneously using a nonlinear spectral transform called Labplus, which takes into account the nonlinearity of human color vision. Moreover, we show that the addition of diagonal matrices to Labplus can further preserve the spectral accuracy and has a generalized effect of improving the colorimetric accuracy under other viewing illuminants than the defined one. Finally, we discuss the usage of the first-order Markov model to form the analysis vectors for the higher order channels in Labplus to reduce the computational complexity. We implement a multispectral image compression system that integrates Labplus with JPEG2000 for high colorimetric and spectral reproducibility. Experimental results for a 16-band multispectral image show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

Libpsht - algorithms for efficient spherical harmonic transforms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reinecke, M.

2011-02-01

Libpsht (or "library for performant spherical harmonic transforms") is a collection of algorithms for efficient conversion between spatial-domain and spectral-domain representations of data defined on the sphere. The package supports both transforms of scalars and spin-1 and spin-2 quantities, and can be used for a wide range of pixelisations (including HEALPix, GLESP, and ECP). It will take advantage of hardware features such as multiple processor cores and floating-point vector operations, if available. Even without this additional acceleration, the employed algorithms are among the most efficient (in terms of CPU time, as well as memory consumption) currently being used in the astronomical community. The library is written in strictly standard-conforming C90, ensuring portability to many different hard- and software platforms, and allowing straightforward integration with codes written in various programming languages like C, C++, Fortran, Python etc. Libpsht is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2 and can be downloaded from .

Libpsht: Algorithms for Efficient Spherical Harmonic Transforms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reinecke, Martin

2010-10-01

Libpsht (or "library for Performing Spherical Harmonic Transforms") is a collection of algorithms for efficient conversion between spatial-domain and spectral-domain representations of data defined on the sphere. The package supports transforms of scalars as well as spin-1 and spin-2 quantities, and can be used for a wide range of pixelisations (including HEALPix, GLESP and ECP). It will take advantage of hardware features like multiple processor cores and floating-point vector operations, if available. Even without this additional acceleration, the employed algorithms are among the most efficient (in terms of CPU time as well as memory consumption) currently being used in the astronomical community. The library is written in strictly standard-conforming C90, ensuring portability to many different hard- and software platforms, and allowing straightforward integration with codes written in various programming languages like C, C++, Fortran, Python etc. Libpsht is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2. Development on this project has ended; its successor is libsharp (ascl:1402.033).

Suppression law of quantum states in a 3D photonic fast Fourier transform chip

PubMed Central

Crespi, Andrea; Osellame, Roberto; Ramponi, Roberta; Bentivegna, Marco; Flamini, Fulvio; Spagnolo, Nicolò; Viggianiello, Niko; Innocenti, Luca; Mataloni, Paolo; Sciarrino, Fabio

2016-01-01

The identification of phenomena able to pinpoint quantum interference is attracting large interest. Indeed, a generalization of the Hong–Ou–Mandel effect valid for any number of photons and optical modes would represent an important leap ahead both from a fundamental perspective and for practical applications, such as certification of photonic quantum devices, whose computational speedup is expected to depend critically on multi-particle interference. Quantum distinctive features have been predicted for many particles injected into multimode interferometers implementing the Fourier transform over the optical modes. Here we develop a scalable approach for the implementation of the fast Fourier transform algorithm using three-dimensional photonic integrated interferometers, fabricated via femtosecond laser writing technique. We observe the suppression law for a large number of output states with four- and eight-mode optical circuits: the experimental results demonstrate genuine quantum interference between the injected photons, thus offering a powerful tool for diagnostic of photonic platforms. PMID:26843135

Sensitivity of rough differential equations: An approach through the Omega lemma

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Coutin, Laure; Lejay, Antoine

2018-03-01

The Itô map gives the solution of a Rough Differential Equation, a generalization of an Ordinary Differential Equation driven by an irregular path, when existence and uniqueness hold. By studying how a path is transformed through the vector field which is integrated, we prove that the Itô map is Hölder or Lipschitz continuous with respect to all its parameters. This result unifies and weakens the hypotheses of the regularity results already established in the literature.

A generic multibody simulation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hopping, K. A.; Kohn, W.

1986-01-01

Described is a dynamic simulation package which can be configured for orbital test scenarios involving multiple bodies. The rotational and translational state integration methods are selectable for each individual body and may be changed during a run if necessary. Characteristics of the bodies are determined by assigning components consisting of mass properties, forces, and moments, which are the outputs of user-defined environmental models. Generic model implementation is facilitated by a transformation processor which performs coordinate frame inversions. Transformations are defined in the initialization file as part of the simulation configuration. The simulation package includes an initialization processor, which consists of a command line preprocessor, a general purpose grammar, and a syntax scanner. These permit specifications of the bodies, their interrelationships, and their initial states in a format that is not dependent on a particular test scenario.

Dynamics analysis of microsphere in a dual-beam fiber-optic trap with transverse offset.

PubMed

Chen, Xinlin; Xiao, Guangzong; Luo, Hui; Xiong, Wei; Yang, Kaiyong

2016-04-04

A comprehensive dynamics analysis of microsphere has been presented in a dual-beam fiber-optic trap with transverse offset. As the offset distance between two counterpropagating beams increases, the motion type of the microsphere starts with capture, then spiral motion, then orbital rotation, and ends with escape. We analyze the transformation process and mechanism of the four motion types based on ray optics approximation. Dynamic simulations show that the existence of critical offset distances at which different motion types transform. The result is an important step toward explaining physical phenomena in a dual-beam fiber-optic trap with transverse offset, and is generally applicable to achieving controllable motions of microspheres in integrated systems, such as microfluidic systems and lab-on-a-chip systems.

PERMANENT MIGRANTS TO CITIES IN CHINA: HUKOU ORIGIN AND EARNINGS AMONG MEN IN AN ERA OF ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION*

PubMed Central

Wang, Xiaozhou; Oropesa, R.S.; Firebaugh, Glenn

2014-01-01

The massive volume of internal migration in China since the late 1970s has attracted considerable research attention. However, the integration of permanent migrants in cities during a time of economic transformation is understudied. Using information on earnings from the 2003 General Social Survey of China, this research examines whether permanent migrants are economically advantaged or disadvantaged in comparison to non-migrants in cities. We find that permanent migrants in cities tend to be economically advantaged and that their advantage depends more on human capital than on political capital. Nevertheless, this does not mean that political capital can be ignored. A nuanced view requires attention to how political and human capital jointly affect earnings in specific economic sectors. PMID:25133084

From PCK to TPACK: Developing a Transformative Model for Pre-Service Science Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jang, Syh-Jong; Chen, Kuan-Chung

2010-01-01

New science teachers should be equipped with the ability to integrate and design the curriculum and technology for innovative teaching. How to integrate technology into pre-service science teachers' pedagogical content knowledge is the important issue. This study examined the impact on a transformative model of integrating technology and peer…

Transformation by complementation of an adenine auxotroph of the lignin-degrading basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Alic, M.; Kornegay, J.R.; Pribnow, D.

1989-02-01

Swollen basiodiospores of an adenine auxotroph of Phanerochaete chrysosporium were protoplasted with Novozyme 234 and transformed to prototrophy by using a plasmid containing the gene for an adenine biosynthetic enzyme from Schizophyllum commune. Transformation frequencies of 100 transformants per {mu}g of DNA were obtained. Southern blot analysis of DNA extracted from transformants demonstrated that plasmid DNA was integrated into the chromosomal DNA in multiple tandem copies. Analysis of conidia and basiodiospores from transformants demonstrated that the transforming character was mitotically and meiotically stable on both selective and nonselective media. Genetic crosses between double mutants transformed for adenine prototrophy and othermore » auxotrophic strains yielded Ade{sup {minus}} progeny, which indicated that integration occurred at a site(s) other than the resident adenine biosynthetic gene.« less

Transformation by Complementation of an Adenine Auxotroph of the Lignin-Degrading Basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium

PubMed Central

Alic, Margaret; Kornegay, Janet R.; Pribnow, David; Gold, Michael H.

1989-01-01

Swollen basidiospores of an adenine auxotroph of Phanerochaete chrysosporium were protoplasted with Novozyme 234 and transformed to prototrophy by using a plasmid containing the gene for an adenine biosynthetic enzyme from Schizophyllum commune. Transformation frequencies of 100 transformants per μg of DNA were obtained. Southern blot analysis of DNA extracted from transformants demonstrated that plasmid DNA was integrated into the chromosomal DNA in multiple tandem copies. Analysis of conidia and basidiospores from transformants demonstrated that the transforming character was mitotically and meiotically stable on both selective and nonselective media. Genetic crosses between double mutants transformed for adenine prototrophy and other auxotrophic strains yielded Ade− progeny, which indicated that integration occurred at a site(s) other than the resident adenine biosynthetic gene. Images PMID:16347848

The Requirements and Design of the Rapid Prototyping Capabilities System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haupt, T. A.; Moorhead, R.; O'Hara, C.; Anantharaj, V.

2006-12-01

The Rapid Prototyping Capabilities (RPC) system will provide the capability to rapidly evaluate innovative methods of linking science observations. To this end, the RPC will provide the capability to integrate the software components and tools needed to evaluate the use of a wide variety of current and future NASA sensors, numerical models, and research results, model outputs, and knowledge, collectively referred to as "resources". It is assumed that the resources are geographically distributed, and thus RPC will provide the support for the location transparency of the resources. The RPC system requires providing support for: (1) discovery, semantic understanding, secure access and transport mechanisms for data products available from the known data provides; (2) data assimilation and geo- processing tools for all data transformations needed to match given data products to the model input requirements; (3) model management including catalogs of models and model metadata, and mechanisms for creation environments for model execution; and (4) tools for model output analysis and model benchmarking. The challenge involves developing a cyberinfrastructure for a coordinated aggregate of software, hardware and other technologies, necessary to facilitate RPC experiments, as well as human expertise to provide an integrated, "end-to-end" platform to support the RPC objectives. Such aggregation is to be achieved through a horizontal integration of loosely coupled services. The cyberinfrastructure comprises several software layers. At the bottom, the Grid fabric encompasses network protocols, optical networks, computational resources, storage devices, and sensors. At the top, applications use workload managers to coordinate their access to physical resources. Applications are not tightly bounded to a single physical resource. Instead, they bind dynamically to resources (i.e., they are provisioned) via a common grid infrastructure layer. For the RPC system, the cyberinfrastructure must support organizing computations (or "data transformations" in general) into complex workflows with resource discovery, automatic resource allocation, monitoring, preserving provenance as well as to aggregate heterogeneous, distributed data into knowledge databases. Such service orchestration is the responsibility of the "collective services" layer. For RPC, this layer will be based on Java Business Integration (JBI, [JSR-208]) specification which is a standards-based integration platform that combines messaging, web services, data transformation, and intelligent routing to reliably connect and coordinate the interaction of significant numbers of diverse applications (plug-in components) across organizational boundaries. JBI concept is a new approach to integration that can provide the underpinnings for loosely coupled, highly distributed integration network that can scale beyond the limits of currently used hub-and-spoke brokers. This presentation discusses the requirements, design and early prototype of the NASA-sponsored RPC system under development at Mississippi State University, demonstrating the integration of data provisioning mechanisms, data transformation tools and computational models into a single interoperable system enabling rapid execution of RPC experiments.

[Development method of healthcare information system integration based on business collaboration model].

PubMed

Li, Shasha; Nie, Hongchao; Lu, Xudong; Duan, Huilong

2015-02-01

Integration of heterogeneous systems is the key to hospital information construction due to complexity of the healthcare environment. Currently, during the process of healthcare information system integration, people participating in integration project usually communicate by free-format document, which impairs the efficiency and adaptability of integration. A method utilizing business process model and notation (BPMN) to model integration requirement and automatically transforming it to executable integration configuration was proposed in this paper. Based on the method, a tool was developed to model integration requirement and transform it to integration configuration. In addition, an integration case in radiology scenario was used to verify the method.

Dimensional reduction in sensorimotor systems: A framework for understanding muscle coordination of posture

PubMed Central

Ting, Lena H.

2014-01-01

The simple act of standing up is an important and essential motor behavior that most humans and animals achieve with ease. Yet, maintaining standing balance involves complex sensorimotor transformations that must continually integrate a large array of sensory inputs and coordinate multiple motor outputs to muscles throughout the body. Multiple, redundant local sensory signals are integrated to form an estimate of a few global, task-level variables important to postural control, such as body center of mass position and body orientation with respect to Earth-vertical. Evidence suggests that a limited set of muscle synergies, reflecting preferential sets of muscle activation patterns, are used to move task variables such as center of mass position in a predictable direction following a postural perturbations. We propose a hierarchal feedback control system that allows the nervous system the simplicity of performing goal-directed computations in task-variable space, while maintaining the robustness afforded by redundant sensory and motor systems. We predict that modulation of postural actions occurs in task-variable space, and in the associated transformations between the low-dimensional task-space and high-dimensional sensor and muscle spaces. Development of neuromechanical models that reflect these neural transformations between low and high-dimensional representations will reveal the organizational principles and constraints underlying sensorimotor transformations for balance control, and perhaps motor tasks in general. This framework and accompanying computational models could be used to formulate specific hypotheses about how specific sensory inputs and motor outputs are generated and altered following neural injury, sensory loss, or rehabilitation. PMID:17925254

Generalized Fractional Derivative Anisotropic Viscoelastic Characterization.

PubMed

Hilton, Harry H

2012-01-18

Isotropic linear and nonlinear fractional derivative constitutive relations are formulated and examined in terms of many parameter generalized Kelvin models and are analytically extended to cover general anisotropic homogeneous or non-homogeneous as well as functionally graded viscoelastic material behavior. Equivalent integral constitutive relations, which are computationally more powerful, are derived from fractional differential ones and the associated anisotropic temperature-moisture-degree-of-cure shift functions and reduced times are established. Approximate Fourier transform inversions for fractional derivative relations are formulated and their accuracy is evaluated. The efficacy of integer and fractional derivative constitutive relations is compared and the preferential use of either characterization in analyzing isotropic and anisotropic real materials must be examined on a case-by-case basis. Approximate protocols for curve fitting analytical fractional derivative results to experimental data are formulated and evaluated.

Solving the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for general relativity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parry, J.; Salopek, D. S.; Stewart, J. M.

1994-03-01

We demonstrate a systematic method for solving the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for general relativity with the inclusion of matter fields. The generating functional is expanded in a series of spatial gradients. Each term is manifestly invariant under reparametrizations of the spatial coordinates (``gauge invariant''). At each order we solve the Hamiltonian constraint using a conformal transformation of the three-metric as well as a line integral in superspace. This gives a recursion relation for the generating functional which then may be solved to arbitrary order simply by functionally differentiating previous orders. At fourth order in spatial gradients we demonstrate solutions for irrotational dust as well as for a scalar field. We explicitly evolve the three-metric to the same order. This method can be used to derive the Zel'dovich approximation for general relativity.

The Generalized Sundman Transformation for Propagation of High-Eccentricity Elliptical Orbits

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-01-01

or the Kustaanheimo - Stiefel transformation (Ref. 8). • n = 3/2 or dt = cr3/2ds. We shall focus on this transformation . • n = 2 or dt = cr2ds. The...Paper AAS 02-109 The generalized Sundman transformation for propagation of high-eccentricity elliptical orbits Matthew Berry and...generalized Sundman transformation for propagation of high-eccentricity elliptical orbits 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6

Simulating first order optical systems—algorithms for and composition of discrete linear canonical transforms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Healy, John J.

2018-01-01

The linear canonical transforms (LCTs) are a parameterised group of linear integral transforms. The LCTs encompass a number of well-known transformations as special cases, including the Fourier transform, fractional Fourier transform, and the Fresnel integral. They relate the scalar wave fields at the input and output of systems composed of thin lenses and free space, along with other quadratic phase systems. In this paper, we perform a systematic search of all algorithms based on up to five stages of magnification, chirp multiplication and Fourier transforms. Based on that search, we propose a novel algorithm, for which we present numerical results. We compare the sampling requirements of three algorithms. Finally, we discuss some issues surrounding the composition of discrete LCTs.

Algorithmic transformation of multi-loop master integrals to a canonical basis with CANONICA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meyer, Christoph

2018-01-01

The integration of differential equations of Feynman integrals can be greatly facilitated by using a canonical basis. This paper presents the Mathematica package CANONICA, which implements a recently developed algorithm to automatize the transformation to a canonical basis. This represents the first publicly available implementation suitable for differential equations depending on multiple scales. In addition to the presentation of the package, this paper extends the description of some aspects of the algorithm, including a proof of the uniqueness of canonical forms up to constant transformations.

Electrotransformation of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis with Various Plasmids

PubMed Central

Serror, Pascale; Sasaki, Takashi; Ehrlich, S. Dusko; Maguin, Emmanuelle

2002-01-01

We describe, for the first time, a detailed electroporation procedure for Lactobacillus delbrueckii. Three L. delbrueckii strains were successfully transformed. Under optimal conditions, the transformation efficiency was 104 transformants per μg of DNA. Using this procedure, we identified several plasmids able to replicate in L. delbrueckii and integrated an integrative vector based on phage integrative elements into the L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus chromosome. These vectors provide a good basis for developing molecular tools for L. delbrueckii and open the field of genetic studies in L. delbrueckii. PMID:11772607

Three New (2+1)-dimensional Integrable Systems and Some Related Darboux Transformations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guo, Xiu-Rong

2016-06-01

We introduce two operator commutators by using different-degree loop algebras of the Lie algebra A1, then under the framework of zero curvature equations we generate two (2+1)-dimensional integrable hierarchies, including the (2+1)-dimensional shallow water wave (SWW) hierarchy and the (2+1)-dimensional Kaup-Newell (KN) hierarchy. Through reduction of the (2+1)-dimensional hierarchies, we get a (2+1)-dimensional SWW equation and a (2+1)-dimensional KN equation. Furthermore, we obtain two Darboux transformations of the (2+1)-dimensional SWW equation. Similarly, the Darboux transformations of the (2+1)-dimensional KN equation could be deduced. Finally, with the help of the spatial spectral matrix of SWW hierarchy, we generate a (2+1) heat equation and a (2+1) nonlinear generalized SWW system containing inverse operators with respect to the variables x and y by using a reduction spectral problem from the self-dual Yang-Mills equations. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 11371361, the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. ZR2012AQ011, ZR2013AL016, ZR2015EM042, National Social Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 13BJY026, the Development of Science and Technology Project under Grant No. 2015NS1048 and A Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program under Grant No. J14LI58

Brain Network Analysis: Separating Cost from Topology Using Cost-Integration

PubMed Central

Ginestet, Cedric E.; Nichols, Thomas E.; Bullmore, Ed T.; Simmons, Andrew

2011-01-01

A statistically principled way of conducting brain network analysis is still lacking. Comparison of different populations of brain networks is hard because topology is inherently dependent on wiring cost, where cost is defined as the number of edges in an unweighted graph. In this paper, we evaluate the benefits and limitations associated with using cost-integrated topological metrics. Our focus is on comparing populations of weighted undirected graphs that differ in mean association weight, using global efficiency. Our key result shows that integrating over cost is equivalent to controlling for any monotonic transformation of the weight set of a weighted graph. That is, when integrating over cost, we eliminate the differences in topology that may be due to a monotonic transformation of the weight set. Our result holds for any unweighted topological measure, and for any choice of distribution over cost levels. Cost-integration is therefore helpful in disentangling differences in cost from differences in topology. By contrast, we show that the use of the weighted version of a topological metric is generally not a valid approach to this problem. Indeed, we prove that, under weak conditions, the use of the weighted version of global efficiency is equivalent to simply comparing weighted costs. Thus, we recommend the reporting of (i) differences in weighted costs and (ii) differences in cost-integrated topological measures with respect to different distributions over the cost domain. We demonstrate the application of these techniques in a re-analysis of an fMRI working memory task. We also provide a Monte Carlo method for approximating cost-integrated topological measures. Finally, we discuss the limitations of integrating topology over cost, which may pose problems when some weights are zero, when multiplicities exist in the ranks of the weights, and when one expects subtle cost-dependent topological differences, which could be masked by cost-integration. PMID:21829437

Applications of Laplace transform methods to airfoil motion and stability calculations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Edwards, J. W.

1979-01-01

This paper reviews the development of generalized unsteady aerodynamic theory and presents a derivation of the generalized Possio integral equation. Numerical calculations resolve questions concerning subsonic indicial lift functions and demonstrate the generation of Kutta waves at high values of reduced frequency, subsonic Mach number, or both. The use of rational function approximations of unsteady aerodynamic loads in aeroelastic stability calculations is reviewed, and a reformulation of the matrix Pade approximation technique is given. Numerical examples of flutter boundary calculations for a wing which is to be flight tested are given. Finally, a simplified aerodynamic model of transonic flow is used to study the stability of an airfoil exposed to supersonic and subsonic flow regions.

Determination of levels of polychlorinated biphenyl in transformers oil from some selected transformers in parts of the Greater Accra Region of Ghana.

PubMed

Buah-Kwofie, Archibold; Yeboah, Philip O; Pwamang, John

2011-01-01

Although polychlorinated biphenyls have never been manufactured in Ghana, it has been used extensively as dielectric fluid in electric transformers and capacitors. However, very little is known of its health and environmental impacts by both managers of these transformers and capacitors and also the general public. This work therefore seeks to explore INAA as a possible alternative to screening transformer oils for PCBs by determining the total chlorine content. The total chlorine content of transformer oil samples from Ghana that tested positive and some randomly selected samples that tested negative from screening using CLOR-N-OIL test kits, have had their total chlorine estimated. INAA using the Research Reactor located at the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission was used to estimate the total chlorine content of the oil samples. Neutron Activation and gamma ray spectroscopy using HPGe detector coupled to MAESTRO 32 software was used to determine the total chlorine content by integrating the peak area of the spectrum into a simplified program that was developed from the activation equation. Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis was able to validate the result obtained from the test kits screening with accuracy 7.5%. The minimum total chlorine content of the positive samples determined by NAA was 71.34 μg g⁻¹. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A Note on ;New Hierarchies of Integrable Lattice Equations and Associated Properties: Darboux Transformation Conservation Laws and Integrable Coupling; [Rep. Math. Phys. 67 (2011), 259

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Xi-Xiang

2016-12-01

We prove that two new hierarchies of integrable lattice equations in [Rep. Math. Phys.67 (2011), 259] can be respectively changed into the famous relativistic Toda lattice hierarchies in the polynomial and the rational forms by means of a simple transformation.

Recombinational inactivation of the gene encoding nitrate reductase in Aspergillus parasiticus.

PubMed Central

Wu, T S; Linz, J E

1993-01-01

Functional disruption of the gene encoding nitrate reductase (niaD) in Aspergillus parasiticus was conducted by two strategies, one-step gene replacement and the integrative disruption. Plasmid pPN-1, in which an internal DNA fragment of the niaD gene was replaced by a functional gene encoding orotidine monophosphate decarboxylase (pyrG), was constructed. Plasmid pPN-1 was introduced in linear form into A. parasiticus CS10 (ver-1 wh-1 pyrG) by transformation. Approximately 25% of the uridine prototrophic transformants (pyrG+) were chlorate resistant (Chlr), demonstrating their inability to utilize nitrate as a sole nitrogen source. The genetic block in nitrate utilization was confirmed to occur in the niaD gene by the absence of growth of the A. parasiticus CS10 transformants on medium containing nitrate as the sole nitrogen source and the ability to grow on several alternative nitrogen sources. Southern hybridization analysis of Chlr transformants demonstrated that the resident niaD locus was replaced by the nonfunctional allele in pPN-1. To generate an integrative disruption vector (pSKPYRG), an internal fragment of the niaD gene was subcloned into a plasmid containing the pyrG gene as a selectable marker. Circular pSKPYRG was transformed into A. parasiticus CS10. Chlr pyrG+ transformants were screened for nitrate utilization and by Southern hybridization analysis. Integrative disruption of the genomic niaD gene occurred in less than 2% of the transformants. Three gene replacement disruption transformants and two integrative disruption transformants were tested for mitotic stability after growth under nonselective conditions. All five transformants were found to stably retain the Chlr phenotype after growth on nonselective medium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Images PMID:8215371

Random integration of SV40 in SV40-transformed, immortalized human fibroblasts.

PubMed

Hara, H; Kaji, H

1987-02-01

We have studied the relationship between immortalization of SV40-transformed human embryonic fibroblasts and their SV40 integration sites. From several independently transformed cell pools, we have isolated clones which do not harbor unintegrated SV40 DNA. We have analysed whole-cell DNA from these clones, using the Southern blot method. Our results suggest that no specific integration sites in the cellular genome exist which are a prerequisite for the immortalization process. Although some integration sites were found to be predominant in pre-crisis clones, they could not be detected in the post-crisis clones. This suggests that none of these predominating sites is selected for during the crisis period.

Streamlining recombination-mediated genetic engineering by validating three neutral integration sites in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002.

PubMed

Vogel, Anne Ilse Maria; Lale, Rahmi; Hohmann-Marriott, Martin Frank

2017-01-01

Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 (henceforth Synechococcus ) is developing into a powerful synthetic biology chassis. In order to streamline the integration of genes into the Synechococcus chromosome, validation of neutral integration sites with optimization of the DNA transformation protocol parameters is necessary. Availability of BioBrick-compatible integration modules is desirable to further simplifying chromosomal integrations. We designed three BioBrick-compatible genetic modules, each targeting a separate neutral integration site, A2842, A0935, and A0159, with varying length of homologous region, spanning from 100 to 800 nt. The performance of the different modules for achieving DNA integration were tested. Our results demonstrate that 100 nt homologous regions are sufficient for inserting a 1 kb DNA fragment into the Synechococcus chromosome. By adapting a transformation protocol from a related cyanobacterium, we shortened the transformation procedure for Synechococcus significantly. The optimized transformation protocol reported in this study provides an efficient way to perform genetic engineering in Synechococcus . We demonstrated that homologous regions of 100 nt are sufficient for inserting a 1 kb DNA fragment into the three tested neutral integration sites. Integration at A2842, A0935 and A0159 results in only a minimal fitness cost for the chassis. This study contributes to developing Synechococcus as the prominent chassis for future synthetic biology applications.

Fourier Transforms of Pulses Containing Exponential Leading and Trailing Profiles

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Warshaw, S I

2001-07-15

In this monograph we discuss a class of pulse shapes that have exponential rise and fall profiles, and evaluate their Fourier transforms. Such pulses can be used as models for time-varying processes that produce an initial exponential rise and end with the exponential decay of a specified physical quantity. Unipolar examples of such processes include the voltage record of an increasingly rapid charge followed by a damped discharge of a capacitor bank, and the amplitude of an electromagnetic pulse produced by a nuclear explosion. Bipolar examples include acoustic N waves propagating for long distances in the atmosphere that have resultedmore » from explosions in the air, and sonic booms generated by supersonic aircraft. These bipolar pulses have leading and trailing edges that appear to be exponential in character. To the author's knowledge the Fourier transforms of such pulses are not generally well-known or tabulated in Fourier transform compendia, and it is the purpose of this monograph to derive and present these transforms. These Fourier transforms are related to a definite integral of a ratio of exponential functions, whose evaluation we carry out in considerable detail. From this result we derive the Fourier transforms of other related functions. In all Figures showing plots of calculated curves, the actual numbers used for the function parameter values and dependent variables are arbitrary and non-dimensional, and are not identified with any particular physical phenomenon or model.« less

Transformation in fungi.

PubMed Central

Fincham, J R

1989-01-01

Transformation with exogenous deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) now appears to be possible with all fungal species, or at least all that can be grown in culture. This field of research is at present dominated by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and two filamentous members of the class Ascomycetes, Aspergillus nidulans and Neurospora crassa, with substantial contributions also from fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) and another filamentous member of the class Ascomycetes, Podospora anserina. However, transformation has been demonstrated, and will no doubt be extensively used, in representatives of most of the main fungal classes, including Phycomycetes, Basidiomycetes (the order Agaricales and Ustilago species), and a number of the Fungi Imperfecti. The list includes a number of plant pathogens, and transformation is likely to become important in the analysis of the molecular basis of pathogenicity. Transformation may be maintained either by using an autonomously replicating plasmid as a vehicle for the transforming DNA or through integration of the DNA into the chromosomes. In S. cerevisiae and other yeasts, a variety of autonomously replicating plasmids have been used successfully, some of them designed for use as shuttle vectors for Escherichia coli as well as for yeast transformation. Suitable plasmids are not yet available for use in filamentous fungi, in which stable transformation is dependent on chromosomal integration. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, integration of transforming DNA is virtually always by homology; in filamentous fungi, in contrast, it occurs just as frequently at nonhomologous (ectopic) chromosomal sites. The main importance of transformation in fungi at present is in connection with gene cloning and the analysis of gene function. The most advanced work is being done with S. cerevisiae, in which the virtual restriction of stable DNA integration to homologous chromosome loci enables gene disruption and gene replacement to be carried out with greater precision and efficiency than is possible in other species that show a high proportion of DNA integration events at nonhomologous (ectopic) sites. With a little more trouble, however, the methodology pioneered for S. cerevisiae can be applied to other fungi too. Transformation of fungi with DNA constructs designed for high gene expression and efficient secretion of gene products appears to have great commercial potential. PMID:2651864

Patterns of Viral DNA Integration in Cells Transformed by Wild Type or DNA-Binding Protein Mutants of Adenovirus Type 5 and Effect of Chemical Carcinogens on Integration

PubMed Central

Dorsch-Häsler, Karoline; Fisher, Paul B.; Weinstein, I. Bernard; Ginsberg, Harold S.

1980-01-01

The integration pattern of viral DNA was studied in a number of cell lines transformed by wild-type adenovirus type 5 (Ad5 WT) and two mutants of the DNA-binding protein gene, H5ts125 and H5ts107. The effect of chemical carcinogens on the integration of viral DNA was also investigated. Liquid hybridization (C0t) analyses showed that rat embryo cells transformed by Ad5 WT usually contained only the left-hand end of the viral genome, whereas cell lines transformed by H5ts125 or H5ts107 at either the semipermissive (36°C) or nonpermissive (39.5°C) temperature often contained one to five copies of all or most of the entire adenovirus genome. The arrangement of the integrated adenovirus DNA sequences was determined by cleavage of transformed cell DNA with restriction endonucleases XbaI, EcoRI, or HindIII followed by transfer of separated fragments to nitrocellulose paper and hybridization according to the technique of E. M. Southern (J. Mol. Biol. 98: 503-517, 1975). It was found that the adenovirus genome is integrated as a linear sequence covalently linked to host cell DNA; that the viral DNA is integrated into different host DNA sequences in each cell line studied; that in cell lines that contain multiple copies of the Ad5 genome the viral DNA sequences can be integrated in a single set of host cell DNA sequences and not as concatemers; and that chemical carcinogens do not alter the extent or pattern of viral DNA integration. Images PMID:6246266

Cadastral Map Assembling Using Generalized Hough Transformation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Fei; Ohyama, Wataru; Wakabayashi, Tetsushi; Kimura, Fumitaka

There are numerous cadastral maps generated by the past land surveying. The raster digitization of these paper maps is in progress. For effective and efficient use of these maps, we have to assemble the set of maps to make them superimposable on other geographic information in a GIS. The problem can be seen as a complex jigsaw puzzle where the pieces are the cadastral sections extracted from the map. We present an automatic solution to this geographic jigsaw puzzle, based on the generalized Hough transformation that detects the longest common boundary between every piece and its neighbors. The experiments have been conducted using the map of Mie Prefecture, Japan and the French cadastral map. The results of the experiments with the French cadastral maps showed that the proposed method, which consists of a flood filling procedure of internal area and detection and normalization of the north arrow direction, is suitable for assembling the cadastral map. The final goal of the process is to integrate every piece of the puzzle into a national geographic reference frame and database.

New Approaches to Coding Information using Inverse Scattering Transform

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frumin, L. L.; Gelash, A. A.; Turitsyn, S. K.

2017-06-01

Remarkable mathematical properties of the integrable nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) can offer advanced solutions for the mitigation of nonlinear signal distortions in optical fiber links. Fundamental optical soliton, continuous, and discrete eigenvalues of the nonlinear spectrum have already been considered for the transmission of information in fiber-optic channels. Here, we propose to apply signal modulation to the kernel of the Gelfand-Levitan-Marchenko equations that offers the advantage of a relatively simple decoder design. First, we describe an approach based on exploiting the general N -soliton solution of the NLSE for simultaneous coding of N symbols involving 4 ×N coding parameters. As a specific elegant subclass of the general schemes, we introduce a soliton orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (SOFDM) method. This method is based on the choice of identical imaginary parts of the N -soliton solution eigenvalues, corresponding to equidistant soliton frequencies, making it similar to the conventional OFDM scheme, thus, allowing for the use of the efficient fast Fourier transform algorithm to recover the data. Then, we demonstrate how to use this new approach to control signal parameters in the case of the continuous spectrum.

A proposed approach to the application of nonlinear irreversible thermodynamics to fracture in composite materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lindenmeyer, P. H.

1983-01-01

The fracture criteria upon which most fracture mechanics is based involves an energy balance that is not appropriate for the fracture mechanics of viscoelastic materials such as polymer matrix composites. A more appropriate criterion based upon nonequilibrium thermodynamics and involving a power balance rather than an energy balance is proposed. This crierion is based upon a reformulation of the second law of thermodynamics which focuses attention on the total Legendre transform of energy expressed as a functional over time and space. This excess energy functional can be shown to be equivalent to the Rice J integral if the only irreversible process is the propogation of a single crack completely through the thickness of the specimen and if the crack propogation is assured to be independent of time. For the more general case of more than one crack in a viscoelastic medium integration over both time and space is required. Two experimentally measurable parameters are proposed which should permit the evaluation of this more general fracture criterion.

Lie symmetry analysis, conservation laws, solitary and periodic waves for a coupled Burger equation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Mei-Juan; Tian, Shou-Fu; Tu, Jian-Min; Zhang, Tian-Tian

2017-01-01

Under investigation in this paper is a generalized (2 + 1)-dimensional coupled Burger equation with variable coefficients, which describes lots of nonlinear physical phenomena in geophysical fluid dynamics, condense matter physics and lattice dynamics. By employing the Lie group method, the symmetry reductions and exact explicit solutions are obtained, respectively. Based on a direct method, the conservations laws of the equation are also derived. Furthermore, by virtue of the Painlevé analysis, we successfully obtain the integrable condition on the variable coefficients, which plays an important role in further studying the integrability of the equation. Finally, its auto-Bäcklund transformation as well as some new analytic solutions including solitary and periodic waves are also presented via algebraic and differential manipulation.

Learning Visualization Strategies: A qualitative investigation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Halpern, Daniel; Oh, Kyong Eun; Tremaine, Marilyn; Chiang, James; Bemis, Karen; Silver, Deborah

2015-12-01

The following study investigates the range of strategies individuals develop to infer and interpret cross-sections of three-dimensional objects. We focus on the identification of mental representations and problem-solving processes made by 11 individuals with the goal of building training applications that integrate the strategies developed by the participants in our study. Our results suggest that although spatial transformation and perspective-taking techniques are useful for visualizing cross-section problems, these visual processes are augmented by analytical thinking. Further, our study shows that participants employ general analytic strategies for extended periods which evolve through practice into a set of progressively more expert strategies. Theoretical implications are discussed and five main findings are recommended for integration into the design of education software that facilitates visual learning and comprehension.

Undergraduate research as curriculum.

PubMed

Dolan, Erin L

2017-07-08

To date, national interests, policies, and calls for transformation of undergraduate education have been the main drivers of research integration into the undergraduate curriculum, briefly described here. The New Horizons in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education conference at the Weizmann Institute of Science (Israel) this fall presents an exciting opportunity to discuss integration of undergraduate research into the curriculum and other cutting-edge topics in biochemistry and molecular biology education from a cross-national perspective. I look forward to exploring prospects for international collaboration on research and development of course-based undergraduate research experiences and on STEM education in general. © 2017 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 45(4):293-298, 2017. © 2017 The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.

Numerical computation of gravitational field of general extended body and its application to rotation curve study of galaxies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fukushima, Toshio

2017-06-01

Reviewed are recently developed methods of the numerical integration of the gravitational field of general two- or three-dimensional bodies with arbitrary shape and mass density distribution: (i) an axisymmetric infinitely-thin disc (Fukushima 2016a, MNRAS, 456, 3702), (ii) a general infinitely-thin plate (Fukushima 2016b, MNRAS, 459, 3825), (iii) a plane-symmetric and axisymmetric ring-like object (Fukushima 2016c, AJ, 152, 35), (iv) an axisymmetric thick disc (Fukushima 2016d, MNRAS, 462, 2138), and (v) a general three-dimensional body (Fukushima 2016e, MNRAS, 463, 1500). The key techniques employed are (a) the split quadrature method using the double exponential rule (Takahashi and Mori, 1973, Numer. Math., 21, 206), (b) the precise and fast computation of complete elliptic integrals (Fukushima 2015, J. Comp. Appl. Math., 282, 71), (c) Ridder's algorithm of numerical differentiaion (Ridder 1982, Adv. Eng. Softw., 4, 75), (d) the recursive computation of the zonal toroidal harmonics, and (e) the integration variable transformation to the local spherical polar coordinates. These devices succesfully regularize the Newton kernel in the integrands so as to provide accurate integral values. For example, the general 3D potential is regularly integrated as Φ (\\vec{x}) = - G \\int_0^∞ ( \\int_{-1}^1 ( \\int_0^{2π} ρ (\\vec{x}+\\vec{q}) dψ ) dγ ) q dq, where \\vec{q} = q (√{1-γ^2} cos ψ, √{1-γ^2} sin ψ, γ), is the relative position vector referred to \\vec{x}, the position vector at which the potential is evaluated. As a result, the new methods can compute the potential and acceleration vector very accurately. In fact, the axisymmetric integration reproduces the Miyamoto-Nagai potential with 14 correct digits. The developed methods are applied to the gravitational field study of galaxies and protoplanetary discs. Among them, the investigation on the rotation curve of M33 supports a disc-like structure of the dark matter with a double-power-law surface mass density distribution. Fortran 90 subroutines to execute these methods and their test programs and sample outputs are available from the author's WEB site: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Toshio_Fukushima/

A novel method for calculating relative free energy of similar molecules in two environments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Farhi, Asaf; Singh, Bipin

2017-03-01

Calculating relative free energies is a topic of substantial interest and has many applications including solvation and binding free energies, which are used in computational drug discovery. However, there remain the challenges of accuracy, simple implementation, robustness and efficiency, which prevent the calculations from being automated and limit their use. Here we present an exact and complete decoupling analysis in which the partition functions of the compared systems decompose into the partition functions of the common and different subsystems. This decoupling analysis is applicable to submolecules with coupled degrees of freedom such as the methyl group and to any potential function (including the typical dihedral potentials), enabling to remove less terms in the transformation which results in a more efficient calculation. Then we show mathematically, in the context of partition function decoupling, that the two compared systems can be simulated separately, eliminating the need to design a composite system. We demonstrate the decoupling analysis and the separate transformations in a relative free energy calculation using MD simulations for a general force field and compare to another calculation and to experimental results. We present a unified soft-core technique that ensures the monotonicity of the numerically integrated function (analytical proof) which is important for the selection of intermediates. We show mathematically that in this soft-core technique the numerically integrated function can be non-steep only when we transform the systems separately, which can simplify the numerical integration. Finally, we show that when the systems have rugged energy landscape they can be equilibrated without introducing another sampling dimension which can also enable to use the simulation results for other free energy calculations.

An efficient and numerically stable procedure for generating sextic force fields in normal mode coordinates

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sibaev, M.; Crittenden, D. L., E-mail: deborah.crittenden@canterbury.ac.nz

In this paper, we outline a general, scalable, and black-box approach for calculating high-order strongly coupled force fields in rectilinear normal mode coordinates, based upon constructing low order expansions in curvilinear coordinates with naturally limited mode-mode coupling, and then transforming between coordinate sets analytically. The optimal balance between accuracy and efficiency is achieved by transforming from 3 mode representation quartic force fields in curvilinear normal mode coordinates to 4 mode representation sextic force fields in rectilinear normal modes. Using this reduced mode-representation strategy introduces an error of only 1 cm{sup −1} in fundamental frequencies, on average, across a sizable testmore » set of molecules. We demonstrate that if it is feasible to generate an initial semi-quartic force field in curvilinear normal mode coordinates from ab initio data, then the subsequent coordinate transformation procedure will be relatively fast with modest memory demands. This procedure facilitates solving the nuclear vibrational problem, as all required integrals can be evaluated analytically. Our coordinate transformation code is implemented within the extensible PyPES library program package, at http://sourceforge.net/projects/pypes-lib-ext/.« less

Localizing sources of acoustic emission during the martensitic transformation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Niemann, R.; Kopeček, J.; Heczko, O.; Romberg, J.; Schultz, L.; Fähler, S.; Vives, E.; Mañosa, L.; Planes, A.

2014-06-01

Acoustic avalanches are a general feature of solids under stress, e.g., evoked by external compression or arising from internal processes like martensitic phase transformations. From integral measurements, it is usually concluded that nucleation, phase boundary pinning, or interface incompatibilities during this first-order phase transition all may generate acoustic emission. This paper studies the local sources of acoustic emission to enlight the microscopic mechanisms. From two-dimensional spatially resolved acoustic emission measurement and simultaneous optical observation of the surface, we can identify microstructural events at the phase boundary that lead to acoustic emission. A resolution in the 100-μm range was reached for the location of acoustic emission sources on a coarse-grained Ni-Mn-Ga polycrystal. Both, the acoustic activity and the size distribution of the microstructural transformation events, exhibit power-law behavior. The origin of the acoustic emission are elastically incompatible areas, such as differently oriented martensitic plates that meet each other, lamellae growing up to grain boundaries, and grain boundaries in proximity to transforming grains. Using this result, we propose a model to explain the decrease of the critical exponent under a mechanical stress or magnetic field.

Navigating transformations in governance of Chilean marine coastal resources

PubMed Central

Gelcich, Stefan; Hughes, Terry P.; Olsson, Per; Folke, Carl; Defeo, Omar; Fernández, Miriam; Foale, Simon; Gunderson, Lance H.; Rodríguez-Sickert, Carlos; Scheffer, Marten; Steneck, Robert S.; Castilla, Juan C.

2010-01-01

Marine ecosystems are in decline. New transformational changes in governance are urgently required to cope with overfishing, pollution, global changes, and other drivers of degradation. Here we explore social, political, and ecological aspects of a transformation in governance of Chile's coastal marine resources, from 1980 to today. Critical elements in the initial preparatory phase of the transformation were (i) recognition of the depletion of resource stocks, (ii) scientific knowledge on the ecology and resilience of targeted species and their role in ecosystem dynamics, and (iii) demonstration-scale experimental trials, building on smaller-scale scientific experiments, which identified new management pathways. The trials improved cooperation among scientists and fishers, integrating knowledge and establishing trust. Political turbulence and resource stock collapse provided a window of opportunity that triggered the transformation, supported by new enabling legislation. Essential elements to navigate this transformation were the ability to network knowledge from the local level to influence the decision-making processes at the national level, and a preexisting social network of fishers that provided political leverage through a national confederation of artisanal fishing collectives. The resultant governance scheme includes a revolutionary national system of marine tenure that allocates user rights and responsibilities to fisher collectives. Although fine tuning is necessary to build resilience of this new regime, this transformation has improved the sustainability of the interconnected social–ecological system. Our analysis of how this transformation unfolded provides insights into how the Chilean system could be further developed and identifies generalized pathways for improved governance of marine resources around the world. PMID:20837530

Women with HIV are more commonly infected with non-16 and -18 high-risk HPV types.

PubMed

McKenzie, Nathalie Dauphin; Kobetz, Erin N; Hnatyszyn, James; Twiggs, Leo B; Lucci, Joseph A

2010-03-01

To review and summarize evidence from clinical, translational and epidemiologic studies which have examined the clinically relevant aspects of HPV type prevalence and cervical dysplasia in HIV-infected women. Relevant studies were identified through a MEDLINE search. References of identified reports were also used to identify additional published articles for review. HIV-infected women in different geographic regions (such as Zambia, Brazil, Rochester NY) appear to be infected with less prevalent types of HR-HPV as compared to the general population who, across all continents, are more commonly infected with types 16 and 18. Secondly, integration of HPV DNA into the host genome is no longer thought to be a necessary cause of malignant transformation of cervical cells. However, rate of integration appears to differ by the type of HPV. In fact, the types of HPV which appear to be more common in cervical dysplasia of HIV-infected women are the same types which are more likely to require integration for malignant transformation. Finally, HPV types found in HIV-infected women are relatively common and likely to persist. The most common among these types belong to the alpha-9 and -7 species which are the most carcinogenic species. Given that current vaccines target HR-HPV-16/18, the findings from the above mentioned studies may have important implications for the design of HPV vaccines that target the types of HPV associated with disease risk in HIV-infected women. HPV typing and assessment of the physical state (whether it is integrated or episomal) appear to be two valuable parameters for the prognostic evaluation of dysplastic lesions of the uterine cervix. This, however, has not yet been assessed in HIV-infected women. Recent data about the immune response in HPV/HIV co-infection may lead to understanding potential mechanisms for less virulent HPV causing malignant transformation in HIV-infected women.

Spiraling into Transformative Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cranton, Patricia

2010-01-01

This article explores how technical and vocational learning may spiral into transformative learning. Transformative learning theory is reviewed and the learning tasks of critical theory are used to integrate various approaches to transformative learning. With this as a foundation, the article explores how transformative learning can be fostered in…

Recurrence approach and higher order polynomial algebras for superintegrable monopole systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoque, Md Fazlul; Marquette, Ian; Zhang, Yao-Zhong

2018-05-01

We revisit the MIC-harmonic oscillator in flat space with monopole interaction and derive the polynomial algebra satisfied by the integrals of motion and its energy spectrum using the ad hoc recurrence approach. We introduce a superintegrable monopole system in a generalized Taub-Newman-Unti-Tamburino (NUT) space. The Schrödinger equation of this model is solved in spherical coordinates in the framework of Stäckel transformation. It is shown that wave functions of the quantum system can be expressed in terms of the product of Laguerre and Jacobi polynomials. We construct ladder and shift operators based on the corresponding wave functions and obtain the recurrence formulas. By applying these recurrence relations, we construct higher order algebraically independent integrals of motion. We show that the integrals form a polynomial algebra. We construct the structure functions of the polynomial algebra and obtain the degenerate energy spectra of the model.

A finite element-boundary integral method for scattering and radiation by two- and three-dimensional structures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jin, Jian-Ming; Volakis, John L.; Collins, Jeffery D.

1991-01-01

A review of a hybrid finite element-boundary integral formulation for scattering and radiation by two- and three-dimensional composite structures is presented. In contrast to other hybrid techniques involving the finite element method, the proposed one is in principle exact and can be implemented using a low O(N) storage. This is of particular importance for large scale applications and is a characteristic of the boundary chosen to terminate the finite element mesh, usually as close to the structure as possible. A certain class of these boundaries lead to convolutional boundary integrals which can be evaluated via the fast Fourier transform (FFT) without a need to generate a matrix; thus, retaining the O(N) storage requirement. The paper begins with a general description of the method. A number of two- and three-dimensional applications are then given, including numerical computations which demonstrate the method's accuracy, efficiency, and capability.

Formal Integrals and Noether Operators of Nonlinear Hyperbolic Partial Differential Systems Admitting a Rich Set of Symmetries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Startsev, Sergey Ya.

2017-05-01

The paper is devoted to hyperbolic (generally speaking, non-Lagrangian and nonlinear) partial differential systems possessing a full set of differential operators that map any function of one independent variable into a symmetry of the corresponding system. We demonstrate that a system has the above property if and only if this system admits a full set of formal integrals (i.e., differential operators which map symmetries into integrals of the system). As a consequence, such systems possess both direct and inverse Noether operators (in the terminology of a work by B. Fuchssteiner and A.S. Fokas who have used these terms for operators that map cosymmetries into symmetries and perform transformations in the opposite direction). Systems admitting Noether operators are not exhausted by Euler-Lagrange systems and the systems with formal integrals. In particular, a hyperbolic system admits an inverse Noether operator if a differential substitution maps this system into a system possessing an inverse Noether operator.

On some problems in a theory of thermally and mechanically interacting continuous media. Ph.D. Thesis; [linearized theory of interacting mixture of elastic solid and viscous fluid

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, Y. M.

1971-01-01

Using a linearized theory of thermally and mechanically interacting mixture of linear elastic solid and viscous fluid, we derive a fundamental relation in an integral form called a reciprocity relation. This reciprocity relation relates the solution of one initial-boundary value problem with a given set of initial and boundary data to the solution of a second initial-boundary value problem corresponding to a different initial and boundary data for a given interacting mixture. From this general integral relation, reciprocity relations are derived for a heat-conducting linear elastic solid, and for a heat-conducting viscous fluid. An initial-boundary value problem is posed and solved for the mixture of linear elastic solid and viscous fluid. With the aid of the Laplace transform and the contour integration, a real integral representation for the displacement of the solid constituent is obtained as one of the principal results of the analysis.

Generalized prolate spheroidal wave functions for optical finite fractional Fourier and linear canonical transforms.

PubMed

Pei, Soo-Chang; Ding, Jian-Jiun

2005-03-01

Prolate spheroidal wave functions (PSWFs) are known to be useful for analyzing the properties of the finite-extension Fourier transform (fi-FT). We extend the theory of PSWFs for the finite-extension fractional Fourier transform, the finite-extension linear canonical transform, and the finite-extension offset linear canonical transform. These finite transforms are more flexible than the fi-FT and can model much more generalized optical systems. We also illustrate how to use the generalized prolate spheroidal functions we derive to analyze the energy-preservation ratio, the self-imaging phenomenon, and the resonance phenomenon of the finite-sized one-stage or multiple-stage optical systems.

Canthaxanthin production with modified Mucor circinelloides strains.

PubMed

Papp, Tamás; Csernetics, Arpád; Nagy, Gábor; Bencsik, Ottó; Iturriaga, Enrique A; Eslava, Arturo P; Vágvölgyi, Csaba

2013-06-01

Canthaxanthin is a natural diketo derivative of β-carotene primarily used by the food and feed industries. Mucor circinelloides is a β-carotene-accumulating zygomycete fungus and one of the model organisms to study the carotenoid biosynthesis in fungi. In this study, the β-carotene ketolase gene (crtW) of the marine bacterium Paracoccus sp. N81106 fused with fungal promoter and terminator regions was integrated into the M. circinelloides genome to construct stable canthaxanthin-producing strains. Different transformation methods including polyethylene glycol-mediated transformation with linear DNA fragments, restriction enzyme-mediated integration and Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation were tested to integrate the crtW gene into the Mucor genome. Mitotic stability, site of integration and copy number of the transferred genes were analysed in the transformants, and several stable strains containing the crtW gene in high copy number were isolated. Carotenoid composition of selected transformants and effect of culturing conditions, such as temperature, carbon sources and application of certain additives in the culturing media, on their carotenoid content were analysed. Canthaxanthin-producing transformants were able to survive at higher growth temperature than the untransformed strain, maybe due to the effect of canthaxanthin on the membrane fluidity and integrity. With the application of glucose, trehalose, dihydroxyacetone and L-aspartic acid as sole carbon sources in minimal medium, the crtW-expressing M. circinelloides strain, MS12+pCA8lf/1, produced more than 200 μg/g (dry mass) of canthaxanthin.

Enhanced interfaces for web-based enterprise-wide image distribution.

PubMed

Jost, R Gilbert; Blaine, G James; Fritz, Kevin; Blume, Hartwig; Sadhra, Sarbjit

2002-01-01

Modern Web browsers support image distribution with two shortcomings: (1) image grayscale presentation at client workstations is often sub-optimal and generally inconsistent with the presentation state on diagnostic workstations and (2) an Electronic Patient Record (EPR) application usually cannot directly access images with an integrated viewer. We have modified our EPR and our Web-based image-distribution system to allow access to images from within the EPR. In addition, at the client workstation, a grayscale transformation is performed that consists of two components: a client-display-specific component based on the characteristic display function of the class of display system, and a modality-specific transformation that is downloaded with every image. The described techniques have been implemented in our institution and currently support enterprise-wide clinical image distribution. The effectiveness of the techniques is reviewed.

Gaussianization for fast and accurate inference from cosmological data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schuhmann, Robert L.; Joachimi, Benjamin; Peiris, Hiranya V.

2016-06-01

We present a method to transform multivariate unimodal non-Gaussian posterior probability densities into approximately Gaussian ones via non-linear mappings, such as Box-Cox transformations and generalizations thereof. This permits an analytical reconstruction of the posterior from a point sample, like a Markov chain, and simplifies the subsequent joint analysis with other experiments. This way, a multivariate posterior density can be reported efficiently, by compressing the information contained in Markov Chain Monte Carlo samples. Further, the model evidence integral (I.e. the marginal likelihood) can be computed analytically. This method is analogous to the search for normal parameters in the cosmic microwave background, but is more general. The search for the optimally Gaussianizing transformation is performed computationally through a maximum-likelihood formalism; its quality can be judged by how well the credible regions of the posterior are reproduced. We demonstrate that our method outperforms kernel density estimates in this objective. Further, we select marginal posterior samples from Planck data with several distinct strongly non-Gaussian features, and verify the reproduction of the marginal contours. To demonstrate evidence computation, we Gaussianize the joint distribution of data from weak lensing and baryon acoustic oscillations, for different cosmological models, and find a preference for flat Λcold dark matter. Comparing to values computed with the Savage-Dickey density ratio, and Population Monte Carlo, we find good agreement of our method within the spread of the other two.

High-efficiency transformation of Pichia stipitis based on its URA3 gene and a homologous autonomous replication sequence, ARS2.

PubMed Central

Yang, V W; Marks, J A; Davis, B P; Jeffries, T W

1994-01-01

This paper describes the first high-efficiency transformation system for the xylose-fermenting yeast Pichia stipitis. The system includes integrating and autonomously replicating plasmids based on the gene for orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase (URA3) and an autonomous replicating sequence (ARS) element (ARS2) isolated from P. stipitis CBS 6054. Ura- auxotrophs were obtained by selecting for resistance to 5-fluoroorotic acid and were identified as ura3 mutants by transformation with P. stipitis URA3. P. stipitis URA3 was cloned by its homology to Saccharomyces cerevisiae URA3, with which it is 69% identical in the coding region. P. stipitis ARS elements were cloned functionally through plasmid rescue. These sequences confer autonomous replication when cloned into vectors bearing the P. stipitis URA3 gene. P. stipitis ARS2 has features similar to those of the consensus ARS of S. cerevisiae and other ARS elements. Circular plasmids bearing the P. stipitis URA3 gene with various amounts of flanking sequences produced 600 to 8,600 Ura+ transformants per micrograms of DNA by electroporation. Most transformants obtained with circular vectors arose without integration of vector sequences. One vector yielded 5,200 to 12,500 Ura+ transformants per micrograms of DNA after it was linearized at various restriction enzyme sites within the P. stipitis URA3 insert. Transformants arising from linearized vectors produced stable integrants, and integration events were site specific for the genomic ura3 in 20% of the transformants examined. Plasmids bearing the P. stipitis URA3 gene and ARS2 element produced more than 30,000 transformants per micrograms of plasmid DNA. Autonomously replicating plasmids were stable for at least 50 generations in selection medium and were present at an average of 10 copies per nucleus. Images PMID:7811063

IACP (INTEGRATED AIR CANCER PROJECT) EMISSIONS: TRANSFORMATIONS AND FATE

EPA Science Inventory

As part of the Integrated Air Cancer Project (IACP), diluted emissions from wood stoves and automobiles were injected into a Teflon smog chamber and irradiated to simulate their photochemical transformation in the atmosphere. Changes in the chemical composition and physical prope...

76 FR 63941 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Business Transformation-Automated Integrated Operating...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-14

... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Citizenship and Immigration Services Agency Information Collection Activities: Business Transformation--Automated Integrated Operating Environment (IOE), New Information... Environment (IOE). The comment period expired May 27, 2011. USCIS is reviewing all comments received and will...

Reactive silica transport in fractured porous media: Analytical solutions for a system of parallel fractures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Jianwen

2012-04-01

A general analytical solution is derived by using the Laplace transformation to describe transient reactive silica transport in a conceptualized 2-D system involving a set of parallel fractures embedded in an impermeable host rock matrix, taking into account of hydrodynamic dispersion and advection of silica transport along the fractures, molecular diffusion from each fracture to the intervening rock matrix, and dissolution of quartz. A special analytical solution is also developed by ignoring the longitudinal hydrodynamic dispersion term but remaining other conditions the same. The general and special solutions are in the form of a double infinite integral and a single infinite integral, respectively, and can be evaluated using Gauss-Legendre quadrature technique. A simple criterion is developed to determine under what conditions the general analytical solution can be approximated by the special analytical solution. It is proved analytically that the general solution always lags behind the special solution, unless a dimensionless parameter is less than a critical value. Several illustrative calculations are undertaken to demonstrate the effect of fracture spacing, fracture aperture and fluid flow rate on silica transport. The analytical solutions developed here can serve as a benchmark to validate numerical models that simulate reactive mass transport in fractured porous media.

Transformation of Sordaria macrospora to hygromycin B resistance: characterization of transformants by electrophoretic karyotyping and tetrad analysis.

PubMed

Walz, M; Kück, U

1995-12-01

The ascomycete Sordaria macrospora was transformed using different plasmid molecules containing the bacterial hygromycin B resistance gene (hph) under the control of different expression signals. The highest transformation frequency was obtained with vector pMW1. On this plasmid molecule, expression of the hph gene is directed by the upstream region of the isopenicillin N synthetase gene (pcbC) from the deuteromycete Acremonium chrysogenum. Southern analysis suggests that the vector copies are integrated as tandem repeats into the S. macrospora chromosomes and that duplicated sequences are most probably not inactivated by methylation during meiosis. Furthermore, the hygromycin B resistance (hygR) is not correlated with the number of integrated vector molecules. Electrophoretic karyotyping was used to further characterize S. macrospora transformants. Five chromosomal bands were separated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) representing seven chromosomes with a total genome size of 39.5Mb. Hybridization analysis revealed ectopic integration of vector DNA into different chromosomes. In a few transformants, major rearrangements were detected. Transformants were sexually propagated to analyze the fate of the heterologous vector DNA. Although the hygR phenotype is stably maintained during mitosis, about a third of all lines tested showed loss of the resistance marker gene after meiosis. However, as was concluded from electrophoretic karyotyping, the resistant spores showed a Mendelian segregation of the integrated vector molecules in at least three consecutive generations. Our data indicate that heterologous marker genes can be used for transformation tagging, or the molecular mapping of chromosomal loci in S. macrospora.

Generation of open biomedical datasets through ontology-driven transformation and integration processes.

PubMed

Carmen Legaz-García, María Del; Miñarro-Giménez, José Antonio; Menárguez-Tortosa, Marcos; Fernández-Breis, Jesualdo Tomás

2016-06-03

Biomedical research usually requires combining large volumes of data from multiple heterogeneous sources, which makes difficult the integrated exploitation of such data. The Semantic Web paradigm offers a natural technological space for data integration and exploitation by generating content readable by machines. Linked Open Data is a Semantic Web initiative that promotes the publication and sharing of data in machine readable semantic formats. We present an approach for the transformation and integration of heterogeneous biomedical data with the objective of generating open biomedical datasets in Semantic Web formats. The transformation of the data is based on the mappings between the entities of the data schema and the ontological infrastructure that provides the meaning to the content. Our approach permits different types of mappings and includes the possibility of defining complex transformation patterns. Once the mappings are defined, they can be automatically applied to datasets to generate logically consistent content and the mappings can be reused in further transformation processes. The results of our research are (1) a common transformation and integration process for heterogeneous biomedical data; (2) the application of Linked Open Data principles to generate interoperable, open, biomedical datasets; (3) a software tool, called SWIT, that implements the approach. In this paper we also describe how we have applied SWIT in different biomedical scenarios and some lessons learned. We have presented an approach that is able to generate open biomedical repositories in Semantic Web formats. SWIT is able to apply the Linked Open Data principles in the generation of the datasets, so allowing for linking their content to external repositories and creating linked open datasets. SWIT datasets may contain data from multiple sources and schemas, thus becoming integrated datasets.

Scale relativity theory and integrative systems biology: 2. Macroscopic quantum-type mechanics.

PubMed

Nottale, Laurent; Auffray, Charles

2008-05-01

In these two companion papers, we provide an overview and a brief history of the multiple roots, current developments and recent advances of integrative systems biology and identify multiscale integration as its grand challenge. Then we introduce the fundamental principles and the successive steps that have been followed in the construction of the scale relativity theory, which aims at describing the effects of a non-differentiable and fractal (i.e., explicitly scale dependent) geometry of space-time. The first paper of this series was devoted, in this new framework, to the construction from first principles of scale laws of increasing complexity, and to the discussion of some tentative applications of these laws to biological systems. In this second review and perspective paper, we describe the effects induced by the internal fractal structures of trajectories on motion in standard space. Their main consequence is the transformation of classical dynamics into a generalized, quantum-like self-organized dynamics. A Schrödinger-type equation is derived as an integral of the geodesic equation in a fractal space. We then indicate how gauge fields can be constructed from a geometric re-interpretation of gauge transformations as scale transformations in fractal space-time. Finally, we introduce a new tentative development of the theory, in which quantum laws would hold also in scale space, introducing complexergy as a measure of organizational complexity. Initial possible applications of this extended framework to the processes of morphogenesis and the emergence of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cellular structures are discussed. Having founded elements of the evolutionary, developmental, biochemical and cellular theories on the first principles of scale relativity theory, we introduce proposals for the construction of an integrative theory of life and for the design and implementation of novel macroscopic quantum-type experiments and devices, and discuss their potential applications for the analysis, engineering and management of physical and biological systems and properties, and the consequences for the organization of transdisciplinary research and the scientific curriculum in the context of the SYSTEMOSCOPE Consortium research and development agenda.

Shared action spaces: a basis function framework for social re-calibration of sensorimotor representations supporting joint action

PubMed Central

Pezzulo, Giovanni; Iodice, Pierpaolo; Ferraina, Stefano; Kessler, Klaus

2013-01-01

The article explores the possibilities of formalizing and explaining the mechanisms that support spatial and social perspective alignment sustained over the duration of a social interaction. The basic proposed principle is that in social contexts the mechanisms for sensorimotor transformations and multisensory integration (learn to) incorporate information relative to the other actor(s), similar to the “re-calibration” of visual receptive fields in response to repeated tool use. This process aligns or merges the co-actors’ spatial representations and creates a “Shared Action Space” (SAS) supporting key computations of social interactions and joint actions; for example, the remapping between the coordinate systems and frames of reference of the co-actors, including perspective taking, the sensorimotor transformations required for lifting jointly an object, and the predictions of the sensory effects of such joint action. The social re-calibration is proposed to be based on common basis function maps (BFMs) and could constitute an optimal solution to sensorimotor transformation and multisensory integration in joint action or more in general social interaction contexts. However, certain situations such as discrepant postural and viewpoint alignment and associated differences in perspectives between the co-actors could constrain the process quite differently. We discuss how alignment is achieved in the first place, and how it is maintained over time, providing a taxonomy of various forms and mechanisms of space alignment and overlap based, for instance, on automaticity vs. control of the transformations between the two agents. Finally, we discuss the link between low-level mechanisms for the sharing of space and high-level mechanisms for the sharing of cognitive representations. PMID:24324425

Chemical Transformation System: Cloud Based Cheminformatic Services to Support Integrated Environmental Modeling

EPA Science Inventory

Integrated Environmental Modeling (IEM) systems that account for the fate/transport of organics frequently require physicochemical properties as well as transformation products. A myriad of chemical property databases exist but these can be difficult to access and often do not co...

General entanglement-assisted transformation for bipartite pure quantum states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Song, Wei; Huang, Yan; Nai-LeLiu; Chen, Zeng-Bing

2007-01-01

We introduce the general catalysts for pure entanglement transformations under local operations and classical communications in such a way that we disregard the profit and loss of entanglement of the catalysts per se. As such, the possibilities of pure entanglement transformations are greatly expanded. We also design an efficient algorithm to detect whether a k × k general catalyst exists for a given entanglement transformation. This algorithm can also be exploited to witness the existence of standard catalysts.

Improving brain computer interface research through user involvement - The transformative potential of integrating civil society organisations in research projects

PubMed Central

Wakunuma, Kutoma; Rainey, Stephen; Hansen, Christian

2017-01-01

Research on Brain Computer Interfaces (BCI) often aims to provide solutions for vulnerable populations, such as individuals with diseases, conditions or disabilities that keep them from using traditional interfaces. Such research thereby contributes to the public good. This contribution to the public good corresponds to a broader drive of research and funding policy that focuses on promoting beneficial societal impact. One way of achieving this is to engage with the public. In practical terms this can be done by integrating civil society organisations (CSOs) in research. The open question at the heart of this paper is whether and how such CSO integration can transform the research and contribute to the public good. To answer this question the paper describes five detailed qualitative case studies of research projects including CSOs. The paper finds that transformative impact of CSO integration is possible but by no means assured. It provides recommendations on how transformative impact can be promoted. PMID:28207882

Further distinctive investigations of the Sumudu transform

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Belgacem, Fethi Bin Muhammad; Silambarasan, Rathinavel

2017-01-01

The Sumudu transform of time function f (t) is computed by making the transform variable u of Sumudu as factor of function f (t) and then integrated against exp(-t). Being a factor in the original function f (t), becomes f (ut) preserves units and dimension. This preservation property distinguishes Sumudu from other integral transforms. With obtained definition, the related complete set of properties were derived for the Sumudu transform. Framgment of Symbolic C++ program was given for Sumudu computation as series. Also procedure in Maple was given for Sumudu computation in closed form. The Method proposed herein not depends neither on any of homotopy methods such as HPM, HAM nor any of decomposition methods such as ADM.

Generalized Kustaanheimo-Stiefel transformations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Komarov, L.I.; Van Hoang, L.

1994-10-01

A theory is given for the construction of generalized Kustaanheimo-Stiefel (KS) transformations for dimensions q+1 (q=2{sup h}, h=0, 1, 2,...) of the Kepler problem, and the following proposition is proved: A connection between the Kepler problem in a real space of dimension q+1 and the problem of an isotropic harmonic oscillator in a real space dimension N exists and can be established by means of generalized KS transformations in the cases in which N=2q and q=2{sup h} (h=0, 1, 2,...). A simple graphical prescription for constructing generalized KS transformations that realize this connection is proposed.

When stereotypes become 'scientific' statements: dealing with gender issues.

PubMed

Madureira, Ana Flávia do Amaral

2009-06-01

The theoretical analysis by Watzlawik (Integrative Psychological & Behavioral Science 2009) demonstrates the scientific fragility of the constructs of masculinity and femininity based on the oversimplification and overlapping between three levels of analysis: group differences, inter-individual differences and intra-individual differences. Watzlawik presents fresh and relevant contributions in terms of methodological issues, especially about the construction of scientific generalizations. Here I focus on issues related to the transformation of stereotypes in statements about gender differences that claim to be 'scientific'--outlining the socio-political agendas of such statements.

Drag Minimization for Wings and Bodies in Supersonic Flow

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Heaslet, Max A; Fuller, Franklyn B

1958-01-01

The minimization of inviscid fluid drag is studied for aerodynamic shapes satisfying the conditions of linearized theory, and subject to imposed constraints on lift, pitching moment, base area, or volume. The problem is transformed to one of determining two-dimensional potential flows satisfying either Laplace's or Poisson's equations with boundary values fixed by the imposed conditions. A general method for determining integral relations between perturbation velocity components is developed. This analysis is not restricted in application to optimum cases; it may be used for any supersonic wing problem.

Multiclass Bayes error estimation by a feature space sampling technique

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mobasseri, B. G.; Mcgillem, C. D.

1979-01-01

A general Gaussian M-class N-feature classification problem is defined. An algorithm is developed that requires the class statistics as its only input and computes the minimum probability of error through use of a combined analytical and numerical integration over a sequence simplifying transformations of the feature space. The results are compared with those obtained by conventional techniques applied to a 2-class 4-feature discrimination problem with results previously reported and 4-class 4-feature multispectral scanner Landsat data classified by training and testing of the available data.

Beam Dynamics a Integrated Plane Wave Transformer Photoinjector at S- and X- band

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rosenzweig, J. B.; Ding, X.; Pellegrini, X.; Serafini, L.; Yu, D.

1997-05-01

The beam dynamics of an integrated S-band rf photoinjector based on the plane wave transformer concept, proposed as part of an SBIR collaboration between UCLA and DULY Research, are studied. The intial design, which calls for an 11.5 cell structure run at a peak on-axis accelerating field of 60 MV/m, and has a compact solenoid around the intial 2.5 cells, is based on the recently developed theory of emittance compensation(L.Serafini, and J.B. Rosenzweig, submitted to Physical Review E.). It calls for matching the beam onto an envelope which is a generalized Brillouin flow, producing a beam which diminishes in transverse size as the square root of the accelerating beam energy. This condition produces a minimized emittance, which for the S-band case is 1 mm-rad at at charge of 1 nC. This design is also scaled to produce nearly identical performance at X-band, giving an injector appropriate to running an FEL at the SLAC NLCTA. It is noted that these designs are insensitive to rf emittance increase, allowign a choice of injection phase, and the option to compress the emitted pulse.

Cas9 Nickase-Assisted RNA Repression Enables Stable and Efficient Manipulation of Essential Metabolic Genes in Clostridium cellulolyticum.

PubMed

Xu, Tao; Li, Yongchao; He, Zhili; Van Nostrand, Joy D; Zhou, Jizhong

2017-01-01

Essential gene functions remain largely underexplored in bacteria. Clostridium cellulolyticum is a promising candidate for consolidated bioprocessing; however, its genetic manipulation to reduce the formation of less-valuable acetate is technically challenging due to the essentiality of acetate-producing genes. Here we developed a Cas9 nickase-assisted chromosome-based RNA repression to stably manipulate essential genes in C. cellulolyticum . Our plasmid-based expression of antisense RNA (asRNA) molecules targeting the phosphotransacetylase ( pta ) gene successfully reduced the enzymatic activity by 35% in cellobiose-grown cells, metabolically decreased the acetate titer by 15 and 52% in wildtype transformants on cellulose and xylan, respectively. To control both acetate and lactate simultaneously, we transformed the repression plasmid into lactate production-deficient mutant and found the plasmid delivery reduced acetate titer by more than 33%, concomitant with negligible lactate formation. The strains with pta gene repression generally diverted more carbon into ethanol. However, further testing on chromosomal integrants that were created by double-crossover recombination exhibited only very weak repression because DNA integration dramatically lessened gene dosage. With the design of a tandem repetitive promoter-driven asRNA module and the use of a new Cas9 nickase genome editing tool, a chromosomal integrant (LM3P) was generated in a single step and successfully enhanced RNA repression, with a 27% decrease in acetate titer on cellulose in antibiotic-free medium. These results indicate the effectiveness of tandem promoter-driven RNA repression modules in promoting gene repression in chromosomal integrants. Our combinatorial method using a Cas9 nickase genome editing tool to integrate the gene repression module demonstrates easy-to-use and high-efficiency advantages, paving the way for stably manipulating genes, even essential ones, for functional characterization and microbial engineering.

Cas9 Nickase-Assisted RNA Repression Enables Stable and Efficient Manipulation of Essential Metabolic Genes in Clostridium cellulolyticum

PubMed Central

Xu, Tao; Li, Yongchao; He, Zhili; Van Nostrand, Joy D.; Zhou, Jizhong

2017-01-01

Essential gene functions remain largely underexplored in bacteria. Clostridium cellulolyticum is a promising candidate for consolidated bioprocessing; however, its genetic manipulation to reduce the formation of less-valuable acetate is technically challenging due to the essentiality of acetate-producing genes. Here we developed a Cas9 nickase-assisted chromosome-based RNA repression to stably manipulate essential genes in C. cellulolyticum. Our plasmid-based expression of antisense RNA (asRNA) molecules targeting the phosphotransacetylase (pta) gene successfully reduced the enzymatic activity by 35% in cellobiose-grown cells, metabolically decreased the acetate titer by 15 and 52% in wildtype transformants on cellulose and xylan, respectively. To control both acetate and lactate simultaneously, we transformed the repression plasmid into lactate production-deficient mutant and found the plasmid delivery reduced acetate titer by more than 33%, concomitant with negligible lactate formation. The strains with pta gene repression generally diverted more carbon into ethanol. However, further testing on chromosomal integrants that were created by double-crossover recombination exhibited only very weak repression because DNA integration dramatically lessened gene dosage. With the design of a tandem repetitive promoter-driven asRNA module and the use of a new Cas9 nickase genome editing tool, a chromosomal integrant (LM3P) was generated in a single step and successfully enhanced RNA repression, with a 27% decrease in acetate titer on cellulose in antibiotic-free medium. These results indicate the effectiveness of tandem promoter-driven RNA repression modules in promoting gene repression in chromosomal integrants. Our combinatorial method using a Cas9 nickase genome editing tool to integrate the gene repression module demonstrates easy-to-use and high-efficiency advantages, paving the way for stably manipulating genes, even essential ones, for functional characterization and microbial engineering. PMID:28936208

Digital disruption ?syndromes.

PubMed

Sullivan, Clair; Staib, Andrew

2017-05-18

The digital transformation of hospitals in Australia is occurring rapidly in order to facilitate innovation and improve efficiency. Rapid transformation can cause temporary disruption of hospital workflows and staff as processes are adapted to the new digital workflows. The aim of this paper is to outline various types of digital disruption and some strategies for effective management. A large tertiary university hospital recently underwent a rapid, successful roll-out of an integrated electronic medical record (EMR). We observed this transformation and propose several digital disruption "syndromes" to assist with understanding and management during digital transformation: digital deceleration, digital transparency, digital hypervigilance, data discordance, digital churn and post-digital 'depression'. These 'syndromes' are defined and discussed in detail. Successful management of this temporary digital disruption is important to ensure a successful transition to a digital platform. What is known about this topic? Digital disruption is defined as the changes facilitated by digital technologies that occur at a pace and magnitude that disrupt established ways of value creation, social interactions, doing business and more generally our thinking. Increasing numbers of Australian hospitals are implementing digital solutions to replace traditional paper-based systems for patient care in order to create opportunities for improved care and efficiencies. Such large scale change has the potential to create transient disruption to workflows and staff. Managing this temporary disruption effectively is an important factor in the successful implementation of an EMR. What does this paper add? A large tertiary university hospital recently underwent a successful rapid roll-out of an integrated electronic medical record (EMR) to become Australia's largest digital hospital over a 3-week period. We observed and assisted with the management of several cultural, behavioural and operational forms of digital disruption which lead us to propose some digital disruption 'syndromes'. The definition and management of these 'syndromes' are discussed in detail. What are the implications for practitioners? Minimising the temporary effects of digital disruption in hospitals requires an understanding that these digital 'syndromes' are to be expected and actively managed during large-scale transformation.

Integrable discretisations for a class of nonlinear Schrödinger equations on Grassmann algebras

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grahovski, Georgi G.; Mikhailov, Alexander V.

2013-12-01

Integrable discretisations for a class of coupled (super) nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) type of equations are presented. The class corresponds to a Lax operator with entries in a Grassmann algebra. Elementary Darboux transformations are constructed. As a result, Grassmann generalisations of the Toda lattice and the NLS dressing chain are obtained. The compatibility (Bianchi commutativity) of these Darboux transformations leads to integrable Grassmann generalisations of the difference Toda and NLS equations. The resulting systems will have discrete Lax representations provided by the set of two consistent elementary Darboux transformations. For the two discrete systems obtained, initial value and initial-boundary problems are formulated.

Classical integrable defects as quasi Bäcklund transformations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Doikou, Anastasia

2016-10-01

We consider the algebraic setting of classical defects in discrete and continuous integrable theories. We derive the ;equations of motion; on the defect point via the space-like and time-like description. We then exploit the structural similarity of these equations with the discrete and continuous Bäcklund transformations. And although these equations are similar they are not exactly the same to the Bäcklund transformations. We also consider specific examples of integrable models to demonstrate our construction, i.e. the Toda chain and the sine-Gordon model. The equations of the time (space) evolution of the defect (discontinuity) degrees of freedom for these models are explicitly derived.

Analytical expressions for the correlation function of a hard sphere dimer fluid

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Soonho; Chang, Jaeeon; Kim, Hwayong

A closed form expression is given for the correlation function of a hard sphere dimer fluid. A set of integral equations is obtained from Wertheim's multidensity Ornstein-Zernike integral equation theory with Percus-Yevick approximation. Applying the Laplace transformation method to the integral equations and then solving the resulting equations algebraically, the Laplace transforms of the individual correlation functions are obtained. By the inverse Laplace transformation, the radial distribution function (RDF) is obtained in closed form out to 3D (D is the segment diameter). The analytical expression for the RDF of the hard dimer should be useful in developing the perturbation theory of dimer fluids.

Analytical expression for the correlation function of a hard sphere chain fluid

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chang, Jaeeon; Kim, Hwayong

A closed form expression is given for the correlation function of flexible hard sphere chain fluid. A set of integral equations obtained from Wertheim's multidensity Ornstein-Zernike integral equation theory with the polymer Percus-Yevick ideal chain approximation is considered. Applying the Laplace transformation method to the integral equations and then solving the resulting equations algebraically, the Laplace transforms of individual correlation functions are obtained. By inverse Laplace transformation the inter- and intramolecular radial distribution functions (RDFs) are obtained in closed forms up to 3D(D is segment diameter). These analytical expressions for the RDFs would be useful in developing the perturbation theory of chain fluids.

Image processing via VLSI: A concept paper

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nathan, R.

1982-01-01

Implementing specific image processing algorithms via very large scale integrated systems offers a potent solution to the problem of handling high data rates. Two algorithms stand out as being particularly critical -- geometric map transformation and filtering or correlation. These two functions form the basis for data calibration, registration and mosaicking. VLSI presents itself as an inexpensive ancillary function to be added to almost any general purpose computer and if the geometry and filter algorithms are implemented in VLSI, the processing rate bottleneck would be significantly relieved. A set of image processing functions that limit present systems to deal with future throughput needs, translates these functions to algorithms, implements via VLSI technology and interfaces the hardware to a general purpose digital computer is developed.

A dynamic integrated fault diagnosis method for power transformers.

PubMed

Gao, Wensheng; Bai, Cuifen; Liu, Tong

2015-01-01

In order to diagnose transformer fault efficiently and accurately, a dynamic integrated fault diagnosis method based on Bayesian network is proposed in this paper. First, an integrated fault diagnosis model is established based on the causal relationship among abnormal working conditions, failure modes, and failure symptoms of transformers, aimed at obtaining the most possible failure mode. And then considering the evidence input into the diagnosis model is gradually acquired and the fault diagnosis process in reality is multistep, a dynamic fault diagnosis mechanism is proposed based on the integrated fault diagnosis model. Different from the existing one-step diagnosis mechanism, it includes a multistep evidence-selection process, which gives the most effective diagnostic test to be performed in next step. Therefore, it can reduce unnecessary diagnostic tests and improve the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosis. Finally, the dynamic integrated fault diagnosis method is applied to actual cases, and the validity of this method is verified.

A Dynamic Integrated Fault Diagnosis Method for Power Transformers

PubMed Central

Gao, Wensheng; Liu, Tong

2015-01-01

In order to diagnose transformer fault efficiently and accurately, a dynamic integrated fault diagnosis method based on Bayesian network is proposed in this paper. First, an integrated fault diagnosis model is established based on the causal relationship among abnormal working conditions, failure modes, and failure symptoms of transformers, aimed at obtaining the most possible failure mode. And then considering the evidence input into the diagnosis model is gradually acquired and the fault diagnosis process in reality is multistep, a dynamic fault diagnosis mechanism is proposed based on the integrated fault diagnosis model. Different from the existing one-step diagnosis mechanism, it includes a multistep evidence-selection process, which gives the most effective diagnostic test to be performed in next step. Therefore, it can reduce unnecessary diagnostic tests and improve the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosis. Finally, the dynamic integrated fault diagnosis method is applied to actual cases, and the validity of this method is verified. PMID:25685841

Chemical Transformation System: Cloud Based Cheminformatic Services to Support Integrated Environmental Modeling (proceedings)

EPA Science Inventory

Integrated Environmental Modeling (IEM) systems that account for the fate/transport of organics frequently require physicochemical properties as well as transformation products. A myriad of chemical property databases exist but these can be difficult to access and often do not co...

The integrated contaminant elution and tracer test toolkit, ICET3, for improved characterization of mass transfer, attenuation, and mass removal

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brusseau, Mark L.; Guo, Zhilin

2018-01-01

It is evident based on historical data that groundwater contaminant plumes persist at many sites, requiring costly long-term management. High-resolution site-characterization methods are needed to support accurate risk assessments and to select, design, and operate effective remediation operations. Most subsurface characterization methods are generally limited in their ability to provide unambiguous, real-time delineation of specific processes affecting mass-transfer, transformation, and mass removal, and accurate estimation of associated rates. An integrated contaminant elution and tracer test toolkit, comprising a set of local-scale groundwater extraction-and injection tests, was developed to ameliorate the primary limitations associated with standard characterization methods. The test employs extended groundwater extraction to stress the system and induce hydraulic and concentration gradients. Clean water can be injected, which removes the resident aqueous contaminant mass present in the higher-permeability zones and isolates the test zone from the surrounding plume. This ensures that the concentrations and fluxes measured within the isolated area are directly and predominantly influenced by the local mass-transfer and transformation processes controlling mass removal. A suite of standard and novel tracers can be used to delineate specific mass-transfer and attenuation processes that are active at a given site, and to quantify the associated mass-transfer and transformation rates. The conceptual basis for the test is first presented, followed by an illustrative application based on simulations produced with a 3-D mathematical model and a brief case study application.

Time and space integrating acousto-optic folded spectrum processing for SETI

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wagner, K.; Psaltis, D.

1986-01-01

Time and space integrating folded spectrum techniques utilizing acousto-optic devices (AOD) as 1-D input transducers are investigated for a potential application as wideband, high resolution, large processing gain spectrum analyzers in the search for extra-terrestrial intelligence (SETI) program. The space integrating Fourier transform performed by a lens channels the coarse spectral components diffracted from an AOD onto an array of time integrating narrowband fine resolution spectrum analyzers. The pulsing action of a laser diode samples the interferometrically detected output, aliasing the fine resolution components to baseband, as required for the subsequent charge coupled devices (CCD) processing. The raster scan mechanism incorporated into the readout of the CCD detector array is used to unfold the 2-D transform, reproducing the desired high resolution Fourier transform of the input signal.

Theoretical investigation of gas-surface interactions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dyall, Kenneth G.

1992-01-01

The investigation into the appearance of intruder states from the negative continuum when some of the two-electron integrals were omitted was completed. The work shows that, provided all integrals involving core contracted functions in an atomic general contraction are included, or that the core functions are radially localized, meaningful results are obtained and intruder states do not appear. In the area of program development, the Dirac-Hartree-Fock (DHF) program for closed-shell polyatomic molecules was extended to permit Kramers-restricted open-shell DHF calculations with one electron in an open shell or one hole in a closed shell, or state-averaged DHF calculations over several particle or hole doublet states. One application of the open-shell code was to the KO molecule. Another major area of program development is the transformation of integrals from the scalar basis in which they are generated to the 2-spinor basis employed in parts of the DHF program, and hence to supermatrix form. Particularly concerning the omission of small component integrals, and with increase in availability of disk space, it is now possible to consider transforming the integrals. The use of ordered integrals, either in the scalar basis or in the 2-spinor basis, would considerably speed up the construction of the Fock matrix, and even more so if supermatrices were constructed. A considerable amount of effort was spent on analyzing the integral ordering and tranformation for the DHF program. The work of assessing the reliability of the relativistic effective core potentials (RECPs) was continued with calculation of the group IV monoxides. The perturbation of the metal atom provided by oxygen is expected to be larger than that provided by hydrogen and thus provide a better test of the qualification of the RECPs. Calculations on some platinum hydrides were carried out at nonrelativistic (NR), perturbation theory (PT) and DHF levels. Reprints of four papers describing this work are included.

Transforming Aggregate Object-Oriented Formal Specifications to Code

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-03-01

integration issues associated with a formal-based software transformation system, such as the source specification, the problem space architecture , design architecture ... design transforms, and target software transforms. Software is critical in today’s Air Force, yet its specification, design, and development

The Analysis of Eigenstates of a Few Generalized Quantum Baker’s Maps Using Hadamard and Related Transforms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meenakshisundaram, N.

Application of the Hadamard and related transforms on a few generalized quantum baker’s maps have been studied. Effectiveness of the Hadamard transform and a new transform which combines the Fourier and the Hadamard transforms, for simplifying the eigenstates or resonances of the quantization of a few generalized baker’s map namely tetradic baker and lazy baker’s map when the Hilbert space dimension is power of 2 has been done by comparing the participation ratios in the transformed basis with respect to the position basis. Several special family of states based on their maximal compression in either Hadamard transform or the new transform are identified and they are related to the ubiquitous Thue-Morse and allied sequences. Evidence is provided that these special family of states as well as average over all eigenstates exhibits multifractal nature.

Foundations for Streaming Model Transformations by Complex Event Processing.

PubMed

Dávid, István; Ráth, István; Varró, Dániel

2018-01-01

Streaming model transformations represent a novel class of transformations to manipulate models whose elements are continuously produced or modified in high volume and with rapid rate of change. Executing streaming transformations requires efficient techniques to recognize activated transformation rules over a live model and a potentially infinite stream of events. In this paper, we propose foundations of streaming model transformations by innovatively integrating incremental model query, complex event processing (CEP) and reactive (event-driven) transformation techniques. Complex event processing allows to identify relevant patterns and sequences of events over an event stream. Our approach enables event streams to include model change events which are automatically and continuously populated by incremental model queries. Furthermore, a reactive rule engine carries out transformations on identified complex event patterns. We provide an integrated domain-specific language with precise semantics for capturing complex event patterns and streaming transformations together with an execution engine, all of which is now part of the Viatra reactive transformation framework. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach with two case studies: one in an advanced model engineering workflow; and one in the context of on-the-fly gesture recognition.

Connecting the dots and merging meaning: using mixed methods to study primary care delivery transformation.

PubMed

Scammon, Debra L; Tomoaia-Cotisel, Andrada; Day, Rachel L; Day, Julie; Kim, Jaewhan; Waitzman, Norman J; Farrell, Timothy W; Magill, Michael K

2013-12-01

To demonstrate the value of mixed methods in the study of practice transformation and illustrate procedures for connecting methods and for merging findings to enhance the meaning derived. An integrated network of university-owned, primary care practices at the University of Utah (Community Clinics or CCs). CC has adopted Care by Design, its version of the Patient Centered Medical Home. Convergent case study mixed methods design. Analysis of archival documents, internal operational reports, in-clinic observations, chart audits, surveys, semistructured interviews, focus groups, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services database, and the Utah All Payer Claims Database. Each data source enriched our understanding of the change process and understanding of reasons that certain changes were more difficult than others both in general and for particular clinics. Mixed methods enabled generation and testing of hypotheses about change and led to a comprehensive understanding of practice change. Mixed methods are useful in studying practice transformation. Challenges exist but can be overcome with careful planning and persistence. © Health Research and Educational Trust.

A New Scheme for the Design of Hilbert Transform Pairs of Biorthogonal Wavelet Bases

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shi, Hongli; Luo, Shuqian

2010-12-01

In designing the Hilbert transform pairs of biorthogonal wavelet bases, it has been shown that the requirements of the equal-magnitude responses and the half-sample phase offset on the lowpass filters are the necessary and sufficient condition. In this paper, the relationship between the phase offset and the vanishing moment difference of biorthogonal scaling filters is derived, which implies a simple way to choose the vanishing moments so that the phase response requirement can be satisfied structurally. The magnitude response requirement is approximately achieved by a constrained optimization procedure, where the objective function and constraints are all expressed in terms of the auxiliary filters of scaling filters rather than the scaling filters directly. Generally, the calculation burden in the design implementation will be less than that of the current schemes. The integral of magnitude response difference between the primal and dual scaling filters has been chosen as the objective function, which expresses the magnitude response requirements in the whole frequency range. Two design examples illustrate that the biorthogonal wavelet bases designed by the proposed scheme are very close to Hilbert transform pairs.

Connecting the Dots and Merging Meaning: Using Mixed Methods to Study Primary Care Delivery Transformation

PubMed Central

Scammon, Debra L; Tomoaia-Cotisel, Andrada; Day, Rachel L; Day, Julie; Kim, Jaewhan; Waitzman, Norman J; Farrell, Timothy W; Magill, Michael K

2013-01-01

Objective. To demonstrate the value of mixed methods in the study of practice transformation and illustrate procedures for connecting methods and for merging findings to enhance the meaning derived. Data Source/Study Setting. An integrated network of university-owned, primary care practices at the University of Utah (Community Clinics or CCs). CC has adopted Care by Design, its version of the Patient Centered Medical Home. Study Design. Convergent case study mixed methods design. Data Collection/Extraction Methods. Analysis of archival documents, internal operational reports, in-clinic observations, chart audits, surveys, semistructured interviews, focus groups, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services database, and the Utah All Payer Claims Database. Principal Findings. Each data source enriched our understanding of the change process and understanding of reasons that certain changes were more difficult than others both in general and for particular clinics. Mixed methods enabled generation and testing of hypotheses about change and led to a comprehensive understanding of practice change. Conclusions. Mixed methods are useful in studying practice transformation. Challenges exist but can be overcome with careful planning and persistence. PMID:24279836

Neo-Industrial and Sustainable Development of Russia as Mineral Resources Exploiting Country

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Prokudina, Marina; Zhironkina, Olga; Kalinina, Oksana; Gasanov, Magerram; Agafonov, Felix

2017-11-01

In the Russian economy, the world leadership in the extraction of different mineral resources is combined with the potential for their processing and a significant scientific sector. Innovative development of raw materials extraction is impossible without the parallel technological modernization of the high-tech sector. In general, the complex of these processes is a neo-industrialization of the economy. Neo-industrially oriented transformation of the economy reflects complex changes in its structure, the transformation of established stable relationships between various elements of the system of social production that determine macroeconomic proportions. Neo-industrial transformations come along with the modification of economic relations associated with investments, innovations, labor and income distribution, with the process of locating productive forces and regulating the economy by the government. Neo-industrialization of economy is not only significant changes in its technological and reproductive structure (the development of high-tech industries, the integration of science and industry), but, above all, the implementation of a system structural policy of innovative development of raw material industry and the recovery of manufacturing industries on a new technological basis.

[Politics as a tool in National Health System transformation].

PubMed

Dávila Torres, Javier

2012-01-01

The politics as an activity oriented to the decision making process, seeks to achieve specific objectives, and it is a fundamental tool for the transformation of the National Health System (NHS). It is important to point out that there are different elements, interest and participants that take part in the design and implementation of these policies. Therefore, it should be considered the presence of the health care institutions in the development of the health policies, as well as the participation of the Congress where each political party presents and defends their proposals, negotiate the approval and assignation of the financial budget, among others. Nowadays, there are elements with a relevant presence on these policies and in the transformation process of the NHS such as the media and laboral force represented by the unions. Finally, some general statements are expressed to contribute with the advances in the integration process for a stronger NHS. This should consider the economic, demographic and social changes in the country; furthermore it should focus on universal coverage and provision of a better health care for the Mexican population.

Cell transformation by human adenoviruses.

PubMed

Endter, C; Dobner, T

2004-01-01

The last 40 years of molecular biological investigations into human adenoviruses have contributed enormously to our understanding of the basic principles of normal and malignant cell growth. Much of this knowledge stems from analyses of their productive infection cycle in permissive host cells. Also, initial observations concerning the carcinogenic potential of human adenoviruses subsequently revealed decisive insights into the molecular mechanisms of the origins of cancer, and established adenoviruses as a model system for explaining virus-mediated transformation processes. Today it is well established that cell transformation by human adenoviruses is a multistep process involving several gene products encoded in early transcription units 1A (E1A) and 1B (E1B). Moreover, a large body of evidence now indicates that alternative or additional mechanisms are engaged in adenovirus-mediated oncogenic transformation involving gene products encoded in early region 4 (E4) as well as epigenetic changes resulting from viral DNA integration. In particular, detailed studies on the tumorigenic potential of subgroup D adenovirus type 9 (Ad9) E4 have now revealed a new pathway that points to a novel, general mechanism of virus-mediated oncogenesis. In this chapter, we summarize the current state of knowledge about the oncogenes and oncogene products of human adenoviruses, focusing particularly on recent findings concerning the transforming and oncogenic properties of viral proteins encoded in the E1B and E4 transcription units.

Identification, display, and use of symmetry elements in atomic and electronic structure models.

PubMed

Khosrovani, N; Kung, P W; Freeman, C M; Gorman, A M; Kölmel, C M; Levine, S M; Newsam, J M

1999-01-01

Crystallographic symmetry plays an important role in structure determination from diffraction or scattering data, in spectroscopy and in simulations. It is convenient and insightful to integrate the display and use of such symmetry data with data analysis and modeling methods. We outline the integration of a suite of crystallographic algorithms, closely coupled with interactive graphical displays. These include techniques for identifying the unit cell of a solid, for automatically determining space and point group symmetries, for generalized displays of symmetry elements overlaid on structural models, and for construction, editing, and transformation of models subject to symmetry constraints. In addition, electron densities derived from periodic density functional calculations can be symmetrized and displayed with the corresponding symmetry elements. Applications of these various capabilities in crystallographic research are illustrated by topical examples.

The boundary element method applied to 3D magneto-electro-elastic dynamic problems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Igumnov, L. A.; Markov, I. P.; Kuznetsov, Iu A.

2017-11-01

Due to the coupling properties, the magneto-electro-elastic materials possess a wide number of applications. They exhibit general anisotropic behaviour. Three-dimensional transient analyses of magneto-electro-elastic solids can hardly be found in the literature. 3D direct boundary element formulation based on the weakly-singular boundary integral equations in Laplace domain is presented in this work for solving dynamic linear magneto-electro-elastic problems. Integral expressions of the three-dimensional fundamental solutions are employed. Spatial discretization is based on a collocation method with mixed boundary elements. Convolution quadrature method is used as a numerical inverse Laplace transform scheme to obtain time domain solutions. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the capability of the proposed approach to treat highly dynamic problems.

The Integral University: Holistic Development of Individuals, Communities, Organisations and Societies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schieffer, Alexander; Lessem, Ronnie

2014-01-01

The article describes an approach towards a fully transformed university, coined Integral University. Linking Education (E), Research (R), Activation (A) and Catalysation (C), it can "CARE" for individual, organisation, communal and societal development. Within it, theory and practice, knowledge creation and transformative action go hand…

Transformative? Integrative? Troublesome? Undergraduate Honors Student Reflections on Information Literacy Threshold Concepts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scott, Rachel E.

2017-01-01

In this exploratory study the authors ask students enrolled in a credit-bearing undergraduate research methods course to rank and evaluate the troublesome, transformative, and integrative nature of the six frames currently comprising the "Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education." The results indicate that students have…

The Effects of Integrated Transformational Leadership on Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boberg, John Eric; Bourgeois, Steven J.

2016-01-01

Purpose: Greater understanding about how variables mediate the relationship between leadership and achievement is essential to the success of reform efforts that hold leaders accountable for student learning. The purpose of this paper is to test a model of integrated transformational leadership including three important school mediators.…

Enhanced Sensitivity to Rapid Input Fluctuations by Nonlinear Threshold Dynamics in Neocortical Pyramidal Neurons.

PubMed

Mensi, Skander; Hagens, Olivier; Gerstner, Wulfram; Pozzorini, Christian

2016-02-01

The way in which single neurons transform input into output spike trains has fundamental consequences for network coding. Theories and modeling studies based on standard Integrate-and-Fire models implicitly assume that, in response to increasingly strong inputs, neurons modify their coding strategy by progressively reducing their selective sensitivity to rapid input fluctuations. Combining mathematical modeling with in vitro experiments, we demonstrate that, in L5 pyramidal neurons, the firing threshold dynamics adaptively adjust the effective timescale of somatic integration in order to preserve sensitivity to rapid signals over a broad range of input statistics. For that, a new Generalized Integrate-and-Fire model featuring nonlinear firing threshold dynamics and conductance-based adaptation is introduced that outperforms state-of-the-art neuron models in predicting the spiking activity of neurons responding to a variety of in vivo-like fluctuating currents. Our model allows for efficient parameter extraction and can be analytically mapped to a Generalized Linear Model in which both the input filter--describing somatic integration--and the spike-history filter--accounting for spike-frequency adaptation--dynamically adapt to the input statistics, as experimentally observed. Overall, our results provide new insights on the computational role of different biophysical processes known to underlie adaptive coding in single neurons and support previous theoretical findings indicating that the nonlinear dynamics of the firing threshold due to Na+-channel inactivation regulate the sensitivity to rapid input fluctuations.

General optical discrete z transform: design and application.

PubMed

Ngo, Nam Quoc

2016-12-20

This paper presents a generalization of the discrete z transform algorithm. It is shown that the GOD-ZT algorithm is a generalization of several important conventional discrete transforms. Based on the GOD-ZT algorithm, a tunable general optical discrete z transform (GOD-ZT) processor is synthesized using the silica-based finite impulse response transversal filter. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, the design and simulation of a tunable optical discrete Fourier transform (ODFT) processor as a special case of the synthesized GOD-ZT processor is presented. It is also shown that the ODFT processor can function as a real-time optical spectrum analyzer. The tunable ODFT has an important potential application as a tunable optical demultiplexer at the receiver end of an optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing transmission system.

Transformational leadership and team innovation: integrating team climate principles.

PubMed

Eisenbeiss, Silke A; van Knippenberg, Daan; Boerner, Sabine

2008-11-01

Fostering team innovation is increasingly an important leadership function. However, the empirical evidence for the role of transformational leadership in engendering team innovation is scarce and mixed. To address this issue, the authors link transformational leadership theory to principles of M. A. West's (1990) team climate theory and propose an integrated model for the relationship between transformational leadership and team innovation. This model involves support for innovation as a mediating process and climate for excellence as a moderator. Results from a study of 33 research and development teams confirmed that transformational leadership works through support for innovation, which in turn interacts with climate for excellence such that support for innovation enhances team innovation only when climate for excellence is high.

Parseval-Type Relations for Laplace Transform and their Applications

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herman, S.; Maceli, J.; Rogala, M.; Yurekli, O.

2008-01-01

In the present note, two Parseval-type relations involving the Laplace transform are given. The application of the relations is demonstrated in evaluating improper integrals and Laplace transforms of trigonometric functions.

Helicity is the only integral invariant of volume-preserving transformations

PubMed Central

Enciso, Alberto; Peralta-Salas, Daniel; de Lizaur, Francisco Torres

2016-01-01

We prove that any regular integral invariant of volume-preserving transformations is equivalent to the helicity. Specifically, given a functional ℐ defined on exact divergence-free vector fields of class C1 on a compact 3-manifold that is associated with a well-behaved integral kernel, we prove that ℐ is invariant under arbitrary volume-preserving diffeomorphisms if and only if it is a function of the helicity. PMID:26864201

Rarefied gas flow through two-dimensional nozzles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

De Witt, Kenneth J.; Jeng, Duen-Ren; Keith, Theo G., Jr.; Chung, Chan-Hong

1989-01-01

A kinetic theory analysis is made of the flow of a rarefied gas from one reservoir to another through two-dimensional nozzles with arbitrary curvature. The Boltzmann equation simplified by a model collision integral is solved by means of finite-difference approximations with the discrete ordinate method. The physical space is transformed by a general grid generation technique and the velocity space is transformed to a polar coordinate system. A numerical code is developed which can be applied to any two-dimensional passage of complicated geometry for the flow regimes from free-molecular to slip. Numerical values of flow quantities can be calculated for the entire physical space including both inside the nozzle and in the outside plume. Predictions are made for the case of parallel slots and compared with existing literature data. Also, results for the cases of convergent or divergent slots and two-dimensional nozzles with arbitrary curvature at arbitrary knudsen number are presented.

Extraordinary-mode refractive-index change produced by the linear electro-optic effect in LiNbO3 and reverse-poled LiNbO3

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boyd, Joseph T.; Servizzi, Anthony J.; Sriram, S.; Kingsley, Stuart A.

1995-07-01

To examine aspects of an integrated photonic electric-field sensor, we calculate electro-optically induced refractive-index change in regular and reverse-poled LiNbO3. Specifically, for y-propagating extraordinary modes, we determine how index change depends on electric-field magnitude and direction. To accomplish this, changes in index-ellipsoid shape and orientation are found by the use of a numerical eigenvalue procedure to diagonalize the impermeability tensor; then, refractive index is calculated by the use of a vector reference-frame transformation and a small perturbation approximation. A general formula is inferred from calculations for specific field directions. Electro-optic coefficients for reverse-poled LiNbO3 are obtained by application of a tensor reference-frame transformation to those of LiNbO3. The index-calculation procedure has utility beyond the problem that is considered.

Four-dimensional singular oscillator and generalized MIC-Kepler system

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mardoyan, L. G., E-mail: mardoyan@ysu.am; Petrosyan, M. G.

2007-03-15

It is shown that the generalized MIC-Kepler system and four-dimensional singular oscillator are dual to each other and the duality transformation is the generalized version of the Kustaanheimo-Stiefel transformation.

Modeling of nitrogen transformation in an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Silfiana; Widowati; Putro, S. P.; Udjiani, T.

2018-03-01

The dynamic model of nitrogen transformation in IMTA (Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture) is purposed. IMTA is a polyculture with several biotas maintained in it to optimize waste recycling as a food source. The purpose of this paper is to predict nitrogen decrease and nitrogen transformation in IMTA consisting of ammonia (NH3), Nitrite (NO2) and Nitrate (NO3). Nitrogen transformation of several processes, nitrification, assimilation, and volatilization. Numerical simulations are performed by providing initial parameters and values based on a review of previous research. The numerical results show that the rate of change in nitrogen concentration in IMTA decrease and reaches stable at different times.

Symmetric weak ternary quantum homomorphic encryption schemes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Yuqi; She, Kun; Luo, Qingbin; Yang, Fan; Zhao, Chao

2016-03-01

Based on a ternary quantum logic circuit, four symmetric weak ternary quantum homomorphic encryption (QHE) schemes were proposed. First, for a one-qutrit rotation gate, a QHE scheme was constructed. Second, in view of the synthesis of a general 3 × 3 unitary transformation, another one-qutrit QHE scheme was proposed. Third, according to the one-qutrit scheme, the two-qutrit QHE scheme about generalized controlled X (GCX(m,n)) gate was constructed and further generalized to the n-qutrit unitary matrix case. Finally, the security of these schemes was analyzed in two respects. It can be concluded that the attacker can correctly guess the encryption key with a maximum probability pk = 1/33n, thus it can better protect the privacy of users’ data. Moreover, these schemes can be well integrated into the future quantum remote server architecture, and thus the computational security of the users’ private quantum information can be well protected in a distributed computing environment.

Genetic transformation of the fungal pathogen responsible for rice blast disease

PubMed Central

Parsons, Kenneth A.; Chumley, Forrest G.; Valent, Barbara

1987-01-01

The analysis of complex genetic determinants that control the ability of a fungus to colonize its host has been impaired by the lack of sophisticated genetic tools for characterizing important pathogens. We have developed a system for the genetic transformation of Magnaporthe grisea, the causal agent of rice blast disease, to overcome this limitation. A M. grisea arginine auxotroph was shown to contain a mutation (arg3-12) that abolishes ornithine carbamoyltransferase activity. M. grisea strains that contain arg3-12 were used as recipients in transformation experiments with plasmid pMA2, which carries the ArgB+ gene from Aspergillus nidulans. Stable prototrophic transformants arose at a frequency of about 35 per microgram of plasmid DNA. Integration of single or multiple plasmid copies occurred at a single site in the genome of each transformant; rearrangements were often created during integration. When M. grisea genomic segments were incorporated into pMA2, the presence of any one of five different M. grisea segments did not greatly affect the efficiency of transformation. Integration via homologous recombination occurred when the donor plasmid was linearized by cleaving at a unique restriction site within the M. grisea segment. Images PMID:16593854

What Does Leaders' Character Add to Transformational Leadership?

PubMed

Liborius, Patrick

2017-04-03

The influence of leaders' character (e.g., integrity, humility/forgiveness) has rarely been examined in leadership research. The current investigation focused on the impact of integrity and humility/forgiveness on both followers' perceptions of leaders' worthiness of being followed (WBF) and stress. Results from a scenario experiment (n = 347) and a field study (n = 110) indicated that these aspects incrementally predict WBF above and beyond the impact of transformational leadership. Similar results were found concerning followers' stress with the exception of leader integrity in the field study. According to relative importance analyses, integrity and transformational leadership predict WBF equally well. The results have conceivable implications for human resources (personnel selection and development). Future research should examine additional outcome variables that are affected by certain leader characteristics as well as potential negative effects of the examined character aspects.

B1 field-insensitive transformers for RF-safe transmission lines.

PubMed

Krafft, Axel; Müller, Sven; Umathum, Reiner; Semmler, Wolfhard; Bock, Michael

2006-11-01

Integration of transformers into transmission lines suppresses radiofrequency (RF)-induced heating. New figure-of-eight-shaped transformer coils are compared to conventional loop transformer coils to assess their signal transmission properties and safety profile. The transmission properties of figure-of-eight-shaped transformers were measured and compared to transformers with loop coils. Experiments to quantify the effect of decoupling from the B1 field of the MR system were conducted. Temperature measurements were performed to demonstrate the effective reduction of RF-induced heating. The transformers were investigated during active tracking experiments. Coupling to the B1 field was reduced by 18 dB over conventional loop-shaped transformer coils. MR images showed a significantly reduced artifact for the figure-of-eight- shaped coils generated by local flip-angle amplification. Comparable transmission properties were seen for both transformer types. Temperature measurements showed a maximal temperature increase of 30 K/3.5 K for an unsegmented/segmented cable. With a segmented transmission line a robotic assistance system could be successfully localized using active tracking. The figure-of-eight-shaped transformer design reduces both RF field coupling with the MR system and artifact sizes. Anatomical structure close to the figure-of-eight-shaped transformer may be less obscured as with loop-shaped transformers if these transformers are integrated into e.g. intravascular catheters.

Cross-Sectional Time Series Designs: A General Transformation Approach.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Velicer, Wayne F.; McDonald, Roderick P.

1991-01-01

The general transformation approach to time series analysis is extended to the analysis of multiple unit data by the development of a patterned transformation matrix. The procedure includes alternatives for special cases and requires only minor revisions in existing computer software. (SLD)

Transforming the Economics Curriculum by Integrating Threshold Concepts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Karunaratne, Prashan Shayanka Mendis; Breyer, Yvonne A.; Wood, Leigh N.

2016-01-01

Purpose: Economics is catering to a diverse student cohort. This cohort needs to be equipped with transformative concepts that students can integrate beyond university. When a curriculum is content-driven, threshold concepts are a useful tool in guiding curriculum re-design. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/Methodology/Approach: The…

Transforming Power Systems Through Global Collaboration

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

2017-06-01

Ambitious and integrated policy and regulatory frameworks are crucial to achieve power system transformation. The 21st Century Power Partnership -- a multilateral initiative of the Clean Energy Ministerial -- serves as a platform for public-private collaboration to advance integrated solutions for the large-scale deployment of renewable energy in combination with energy efficiency and grid modernization.

PLANE-INTEGRATED OPEN-PATH FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROMETRY METHODOLOGY FOR ANAEROBIC SWINE LAGOON EMISSION MEASUREMENTS

EPA Science Inventory

Emissions of ammonia and methane from an anaerobic lagoon at a swine animal feeding operation were evaluated five times over a period of two years. The plane-integrated (PI) open-path Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (OP-FTIR) methodology was used to transect the plume at ...

Exploring Conditions for Transformative Learning in Work-Integrated Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McRae, Norah

2015-01-01

A qualitative study was undertaken that explored the conditions for transformative learning in cooperative education as a form of work-integrated learning (WIL), towards the development of a theoretical model. Four case studies were analyzed based on interviews with WIL students, supervisors and their co-op coordinator. The findings revealed that…

Quasi-classical approaches to vibronic spectra revisited

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karsten, Sven; Ivanov, Sergei D.; Bokarev, Sergey I.; Kühn, Oliver

2018-03-01

The framework to approach quasi-classical dynamics in the electronic ground state is well established and is based on the Kubo-transformed time correlation function (TCF), being the most classical-like quantum TCF. Here we discuss whether the choice of the Kubo-transformed TCF as a starting point for simulating vibronic spectra is as unambiguous as it is for vibrational ones. Employing imaginary-time path integral techniques in combination with the interaction representation allowed us to formulate a method for simulating vibronic spectra in the adiabatic regime that takes nuclear quantum effects and dynamics on multiple potential energy surfaces into account. Further, a generalized quantum TCF is proposed that contains many well-established TCFs, including the Kubo one, as particular cases. Importantly, it also provides a framework to construct new quantum TCFs. Applying the developed methodology to the generalized TCF leads to a plethora of simulation protocols, which are based on the well-known TCFs as well as on new ones. Their performance is investigated on 1D anharmonic model systems at finite temperatures. It is shown that the protocols based on the new TCFs may lead to superior results with respect to those based on the common ones. The strategies to find the optimal approach are discussed.

Transformation of apple (Malus × domestica) using mutants of apple acetolactate synthase as a selectable marker and analysis of the T-DNA integration sites.

PubMed

Yao, Jia-Long; Tomes, Sumathi; Gleave, Andrew P

2013-05-01

Apple acetolactate synthase mutants were generated by site-specific mutagenesis and successfully used as selection marker in tobacco and apple transformation. T-DNA/Apple genome junctions were analysed using genome-walking PCR and sequencing. An Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation system was developed for apple (Malus × domestica), using mutants of apple acetolactate synthase (ALS) as a selectable marker. Four apple ALS mutants were generated by site-specific mutagenesis and subsequently cloned under the transcriptional control of the CaMV 35S promoter and ocs 3' terminator, in a pART27-derived plant transformation vector. Three of the four mutations were found to confer resistance to the herbicide Glean(®), containing the active agent chlorsulfuron, in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) transformation. In apple transformation, leaf explants infected with Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 containing one of the three ALS mutants resulted in the production of shoots on medium containing 2-8 μg L(-1) Glean(®), whilst uninfected wild-type explants failed to regenerate shoots or survive on medium containing 1 and 3 μg L(-1) Glean(®), respectively. Glean(®)-resistant, regenerated shoots were further multiplied and rooted on medium containing 10 μg L(-1) Glean(®). The T-DNA and apple genome-DNA junctions from eight rooted transgenic apple plants were analysed using genome-walking PCR amplification and sequencing. This analysis confirmed T-DNA integration into the apple genome, identified the genome integration sites and revealed the extent of any vector backbone integration, T-DNA rearrangements and deletions of apple genome DNA at the sites of integration.

Regularized Transformation-Optics Cloaking for the Helmholtz Equation: From Partial Cloak to Full Cloak

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Jingzhi; Liu, Hongyu; Rondi, Luca; Uhlmann, Gunther

2015-04-01

We develop a very general theory on the regularized approximate invisibility cloaking for the wave scattering governed by the Helmholtz equation in any space dimensions via the approach of transformation optics. There are four major ingredients in our proposed theory: (1) The non-singular cloaking medium is obtained by the push-forwarding construction through a transformation that blows up a subset in the virtual space, where is an asymptotic regularization parameter. will degenerate to K 0 as , and in our theory K 0 could be any convex compact set in , or any set whose boundary consists of Lipschitz hypersurfaces, or a finite combination of those sets. (2) A general lossy layer with the material parameters satisfying certain compatibility integral conditions is employed right between the cloaked and cloaking regions. (3) The contents being cloaked could also be extremely general, possibly including, at the same time, generic mediums and, sound-soft, sound-hard and impedance-type obstacles, as well as some sources or sinks. (4) In order to achieve a cloaking device of compact size, particularly for the case when is not "uniformly small", an assembly-by-components, the (ABC) geometry is developed for both the virtual and physical spaces and the blow-up construction is based on concatenating different components. Within the proposed framework, we show that the scattered wave field corresponding to a cloaking problem will converge to u 0 as , with u 0 being the scattered wave field corresponding to a sound-hard K 0. The convergence result is used to theoretically justify the approximate full and partial invisibility cloaks, depending on the geometry of K 0. On the other hand, the convergence results are conducted in a much more general setting than what is needed for the invisibility cloaking, so they are of significant mathematical interest for their own sake. As for applications, we construct three types of full and partial cloaks. Some numerical experiments are also conducted to illustrate our theoretical results.

Topological charge quantization via path integration: An application of the Kustaanheimo-Stiefel transformation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Inomata, A.; Junker, G.; Wilson, R.

1993-08-01

The unified treatment of the Dirac monopole, the Schwinger monopole, and the Aharonov-Bahn problem by Barut and Wilson is revisited via a path integral approach. The Kustaanheimo-Stiefel transformation of space and time is utilized to calculate the path integral for a charged particle in the singular vector potential. In the process of dimensional reduction, a topological charge quantization rule is derived, which contains Dirac's quantization condition as a special case. 32 refs.

Redefining neuromarketing as an integrated science of influence

PubMed Central

Breiter, Hans C.; Block, Martin; Blood, Anne J.; Calder, Bobby; Chamberlain, Laura; Lee, Nick; Livengood, Sherri; Mulhern, Frank J.; Raman, Kalyan; Schultz, Don; Stern, Daniel B.; Viswanathan, Vijay; Zhang, Fengqing (Zoe)

2015-01-01

Multiple transformative forces target marketing, many of which derive from new technologies that allow us to sample thinking in real time (i.e., brain imaging), or to look at large aggregations of decisions (i.e., big data). There has been an inclination to refer to the intersection of these technologies with the general topic of marketing as “neuromarketing”. There has not been a serious effort to frame neuromarketing, which is the goal of this paper. Neuromarketing can be compared to neuroeconomics, wherein neuroeconomics is generally focused on how individuals make “choices”, and represent distributions of choices. Neuromarketing, in contrast, focuses on how a distribution of choices can be shifted or “influenced”, which can occur at multiple “scales” of behavior (e.g., individual, group, or market/society). Given influence can affect choice through many cognitive modalities, and not just that of valuation of choice options, a science of influence also implies a need to develop a model of cognitive function integrating attention, memory, and reward/aversion function. The paper concludes with a brief description of three domains of neuromarketing application for studying influence, and their caveats. PMID:25709573

Redefining neuromarketing as an integrated science of influence.

PubMed

Breiter, Hans C; Block, Martin; Blood, Anne J; Calder, Bobby; Chamberlain, Laura; Lee, Nick; Livengood, Sherri; Mulhern, Frank J; Raman, Kalyan; Schultz, Don; Stern, Daniel B; Viswanathan, Vijay; Zhang, Fengqing Zoe

2014-01-01

Multiple transformative forces target marketing, many of which derive from new technologies that allow us to sample thinking in real time (i.e., brain imaging), or to look at large aggregations of decisions (i.e., big data). There has been an inclination to refer to the intersection of these technologies with the general topic of marketing as "neuromarketing". There has not been a serious effort to frame neuromarketing, which is the goal of this paper. Neuromarketing can be compared to neuroeconomics, wherein neuroeconomics is generally focused on how individuals make "choices", and represent distributions of choices. Neuromarketing, in contrast, focuses on how a distribution of choices can be shifted or "influenced", which can occur at multiple "scales" of behavior (e.g., individual, group, or market/society). Given influence can affect choice through many cognitive modalities, and not just that of valuation of choice options, a science of influence also implies a need to develop a model of cognitive function integrating attention, memory, and reward/aversion function. The paper concludes with a brief description of three domains of neuromarketing application for studying influence, and their caveats.

Integrated care reform in urban China: a qualitative study on design, supporting environment and implementation.

PubMed

Qian, Yi; Hou, Zhiyuan; Wang, Wei; Zhang, Donglan; Yan, Fei

2017-10-25

Initiatives on integrated care between hospitals and community health centers (CHCs) have been introduced to transform the current fragmented health care delivery system into an integrated system in China. Up to date no research has analyzed in-depth the experiences of these initiatives based on perspectives from various stakeholders. This study analyzed the integrated care pilot in Hangzhou City by investigating stakeholders' perspectives on its design features and supporting environment, their acceptability of this pilot, and further identifying the enabling and constraining factors that may influence the implementation of the integrated care reform. The qualitative study was carried out based on in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with 50 key informants who were involved in the policy-making process and implementation. Relevant policy documents were also collected for analysis. The pilot in Hangzhou was established as a CHC-led delivery system based on cooperation agreement between CHCs and hospitals to deliver primary and specialty care together for patients with chronic diseases. An innovative learning-from-practice mentorship system between specialists and general practitioners was also introduced to solve the poor capacity of general practitioners. The design of the pilot, its governance and organizational structure and human resources were enabling factors, which facilitated the integrated care reform. However, the main constraining factors were a lack of an integrated payment mechanism from health insurance and a lack of tailored information system to ensure its sustainability. The integrated care pilot in Hangzhou enabled CHCs to play as gate-keeper and care coordinator for the full continuum of services across the health care providers. The government put integrated care a priority, and constructed an efficient design, governance and organizational structure to enable its implementation. Health insurance should play a proactive role, and adopt a shared financial incentive system to support integrated care across providers in the future.

Transformational Leadership, Integrity, and Power

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harrison, Laura M.

2011-01-01

Transformational leadership enjoys widespread appeal among student affairs professionals. National Association of Student Personnel Administrators (NASPA) and American College Personnel Association (ACPA) conferences frequently feature speakers who promote transformational leadership's two primary tenets: (1) change is the central purpose of…

Functional Generalized Additive Models.

PubMed

McLean, Mathew W; Hooker, Giles; Staicu, Ana-Maria; Scheipl, Fabian; Ruppert, David

2014-01-01

We introduce the functional generalized additive model (FGAM), a novel regression model for association studies between a scalar response and a functional predictor. We model the link-transformed mean response as the integral with respect to t of F { X ( t ), t } where F (·,·) is an unknown regression function and X ( t ) is a functional covariate. Rather than having an additive model in a finite number of principal components as in Müller and Yao (2008), our model incorporates the functional predictor directly and thus our model can be viewed as the natural functional extension of generalized additive models. We estimate F (·,·) using tensor-product B-splines with roughness penalties. A pointwise quantile transformation of the functional predictor is also considered to ensure each tensor-product B-spline has observed data on its support. The methods are evaluated using simulated data and their predictive performance is compared with other competing scalar-on-function regression alternatives. We illustrate the usefulness of our approach through an application to brain tractography, where X ( t ) is a signal from diffusion tensor imaging at position, t , along a tract in the brain. In one example, the response is disease-status (case or control) and in a second example, it is the score on a cognitive test. R code for performing the simulations and fitting the FGAM can be found in supplemental materials available online.

Earth physics and phase transformations program: A concept and proposal

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bonavito, N. L.; Tanaka, T.

1971-01-01

A program to study the geophysical characteristics of the earth is presented as an integration of the different disciplines that constitute the earth sciences, through the foundation of a generalized geodynamic theory of earth physics. A program is considered for defining the physical constants of the earth's material which parametrize the hydrodynamic equation in the microscopic solid state behavior of the crystals of the lithosphere. In addition, in order to lay the foundation for a generalized theory in earth physics, specific research areas are considered, such as the nature of the kinetics of the phase transitions in mineral assemblages, the equilibrium thermodynamic properties of crystals which are major constituents of mineral assemblages, and the transport properties of pure crystals which are major constituents of mineral assemblages.

Biomolecular surface construction by PDE transform

PubMed Central

Zheng, Qiong; Yang, Siyang; Wei, Guo-Wei

2011-01-01

This work proposes a new framework for the surface generation based on the partial differential equation (PDE) transform. The PDE transform has recently been introduced as a general approach for the mode decomposition of images, signals, and data. It relies on the use of arbitrarily high order PDEs to achieve the time-frequency localization, control the spectral distribution, and regulate the spatial resolution. The present work provides a new variational derivation of high order PDE transforms. The fast Fourier transform is utilized to accomplish the PDE transform so as to avoid stringent stability constraints in solving high order PDEs. As a consequence, the time integration of high order PDEs can be done efficiently with the fast Fourier transform. The present approach is validated with a variety of test examples in two and three-dimensional settings. We explore the impact of the PDE transform parameters, such as the PDE order and propagation time, on the quality of resulting surfaces. Additionally, we utilize a set of 10 proteins to compare the computational efficiency of the present surface generation method and the MSMS approach in Cartesian meshes. Moreover, we analyze the present method by examining some benchmark indicators of biomolecular surface, i.e., surface area, surface enclosed volume, solvation free energy and surface electrostatic potential. A test set of 13 protein molecules is used in the present investigation. The electrostatic analysis is carried out via the Poisson-Boltzmann equation model. To further demonstrate the utility of the present PDE transform based surface method, we solve the Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations with a PDE transform surface of a protein. Second order convergence is observed for the electrostatic potential and concentrations. Finally, to test the capability and efficiency of the present PDE transform based surface generation method, we apply it to the construction of an excessively large biomolecule, a virus surface capsid. Virus surface morphologies of different resolutions are attained by adjusting the propagation time. Therefore, the present PDE transform provides a multiresolution analysis in the surface visualization. Extensive numerical experiment and comparison with an established surface model indicate that the present PDE transform is a robust, stable and efficient approach for biomolecular surface generation in Cartesian meshes. PMID:22582140

Monotonic non-linear transformations as a tool to investigate age-related effects on brain white matter integrity: A Box-Cox investigation.

PubMed

Morozova, Maria; Koschutnig, Karl; Klein, Elise; Wood, Guilherme

2016-01-15

Non-linear effects of age on white matter integrity are ubiquitous in the brain and indicate that these effects are more pronounced in certain brain regions at specific ages. Box-Cox analysis is a technique to increase the log-likelihood of linear relationships between variables by means of monotonic non-linear transformations. Here we employ Box-Cox transformations to flexibly and parsimoniously determine the degree of non-linearity of age-related effects on white matter integrity by means of model comparisons using a voxel-wise approach. Analysis of white matter integrity in a sample of adults between 20 and 89years of age (n=88) revealed that considerable portions of the white matter in the corpus callosum, cerebellum, pallidum, brainstem, superior occipito-frontal fascicle and optic radiation show non-linear effects of age. Global analyses revealed an increase in the average non-linearity from fractional anisotropy to radial diffusivity, axial diffusivity, and mean diffusivity. These results suggest that Box-Cox transformations are a useful and flexible tool to investigate more complex non-linear effects of age on white matter integrity and extend the functionality of the Box-Cox analysis in neuroimaging. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Fellowship Program in Health System Improvement: A novel approach integrating leadership development and patient-centred health system transformation.

PubMed

Philippon, Donald J; Montesanti, Stephanie; Stafinski, Tania

2018-03-01

This article highlights a novel approach to professional development, integrating leadership, development and patient-centred health system transformation in the new Fellowship Program in Health System Improvement offered by the School of Public Health at the University of Alberta. Early assessment of the program is also provided.

Tilling the Soil while Sowing the Seeds: Combining Resident Education with Medical Home Transformation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Muench, John; Jarvis, Kelly; Boverman, Josh; Hardman, Joseph; Hayes, Meg; Winkle, Jim

2012-01-01

In order to successfully integrate screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) into primary care, education of clinicians must be paired with sustainable transformation of the clinical settings in which they practice. The SBIRT Oregon project adopted this strategy in an effort to fully integrate SBIRT into 7 primary care…

Site-specific recombination for precise and clean transgene integration in plant genome. In: Touraev, A., Citovsky, V., Tzfira, T., Editors of book. Plant Transformation Technologies.

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Plant Transformation Technologies is a comprehensive, authoritative book focusing on cutting-edge plant biotechnologies, offering in-depth, forward-looking information on methods for controlled and accurate genetic engineering. In response to ever-increasing pressure for precise and efficient integr...

Professional Development for Transformational Technology Integration: An Experimental Study of In-Service Teachers' Self-Perceptions of Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tachau, Elena M.

2017-01-01

Professional Development for Transformational Technology Integration: An Experimental Study of In-Service Teachers' Self-Perceptions of Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge Elena M. Tachau Drexel University Chairperson: Brian K. Smith, Ph.D. The rapid advancement of technology tasks K-12 schools with providing professional development…

Defense Business Transformation: A Comprehensive Plan, Integrated Efforts, and Sustained Leadership are Needed to Assure Success

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-11-16

most of DOD’s major business operations. DOD’s failure to effectively resolve these high-risk areas has resulted in billions of dollars of waste each...integrated, enterprise-wide business transformation plan and its related leadership approach, and (2) comply with legislation that addresses business systems

Tilling the soil while sowing the seeds: combining resident education with medical home transformation.

PubMed

Muench, John; Jarvis, Kelly; Boverman, Josh; Hardman, Joseph; Hayes, Meg; Winkle, Jim

2012-01-01

In order to successfully integrate screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) into primary care, education of clinicians must be paired with sustainable transformation of the clinical settings in which they practice. The SBIRT Oregon project adopted this strategy in an effort to fully integrate SBIRT into 7 primary care residency clinics. Residents were trained to assess and intervene in their patients' unhealthy substance use, whereas clinic staff personnel were trained to carry out a multistep screening process. Electronic medical record tools were created to further integrate and track SBIRT processes. This article describes how a resident training curriculum complemented and was informed by the transformation of workflow processes within the residents' home clinics.

Overproduction of v-Myc in the nucleus and its excess over Max are not required for avian fibroblast transformation.

PubMed Central

Tikhonenko, A T; Hartman, A R; Linial, M L

1993-01-01

The cellular proto-oncogene c-myc can acquire transforming potential by a number of different means, including retroviral transduction. The transduced allele generally contains point mutations relative to c-myc and is overexpressed in infected cells, usually as a v-Gag-Myc fusion protein. Upon synthesis, v-Gag-Myc enters the nucleus, forms complexes with its heterodimeric partner Max, and in this complex binds to DNA in a sequence-specific manner. To delineate the role for each of these events in fibroblast transformation, we introduced several mutations into the myc gene of the avian retrovirus MC29. We observed that Gag-Myc with a mutated nuclear localization signal is confined predominantly in the cytoplasm and only about 5% of the protein could be detected in the nucleus (less than the amount of endogenous c-Myc). Consequently, only a small fraction of Max is associated with Myc. However, cells infected with this mutant exhibit a completely transformed phenotype in vitro, suggesting that production of enough v-Gag-Myc to tie up all cellular Max is not needed for transformation. While the nuclear localization signal is dispensable for transformation, minimal changes in the v-Gag-Myc DNA-binding domain completely abolish its transforming potential, consistent with a role of Myc as a transcriptional regulator. One of its potential targets might be the endogenous c-myc, which is repressed in wild-type MC29-infected cells. Our experiments with MC29 mutants demonstrate that c-myc down-regulation depends on the integrity of the v-Myc DNA-binding domain and occurs at the RNA level. Hence, it is conceivable that v-Gag-Myc, either directly or circuitously, regulates c-myc transcription. Images PMID:8497274

TRANSVERSE MERCATOR MAP PROJECTION OF THE SPHEROID USING TRANSFORMATION OF THE ELLIPTIC INTEGRAL

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wallis, D. E.

1994-01-01

This program produces the Gauss-Kruger (constant meridional scale) Transverse Mercator Projection which is used to construct the U.S. Army's Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Grid System. The method is capable of mapping the entire northern hemisphere of the earth (and, by symmetry of the projection, the entire earth) accurately with respect to a single principal meridian, and is therefore mathematically insensitive to proximity either to the pole or the equator, or to the departure of the meridian from the central meridian. This program could be useful to any map-making agency. The program overcomes the limitations of the "series" method (Thomas, 1952) presently used to compute the UTM Grid, specifically its complicated derivation, non-convergence near the pole, lack of rigorous error analysis, and difficulty of obtaining increased accuracy. The method is based on the principle that the parametric colatitude of a point is the amplitude of the Elliptic Integral of the 2nd Kind, and this (irreducible) integral is the desired projection. Thus, a specification of the colatitude leads, most directly (and with strongest motivation) to a formulation in terms of amplitude. The most difficult problem to be solved was setting up the method so that the Elliptic Integral of the 2nd Kind could be used elsewhere than on the principal meridian. The point to be mapped is specified in conventional geographic coordinates (geodetic latitude and longitudinal departure from the principal meridian). Using the colatitude (complement of latitude) and the longitude (departure), the initial step is to map the point to the North Polar Stereographic Projection. The closed-form, analytic function that coincides with the North Polar Stereographic Projection of the spheroid along the principal meridian is put into a Newton-Raphson iteration that solves for the tangent of one half the parametric colatitude, generalized to the complex plane. Because the parametric colatitude is the amplitude of the (irreducible) Incomplete Elliptic Integral of the 2nd Kind, the value for the tangent of one half the amplitude of the Elliptic Integral of the 2nd Kind is now known. The elliptic integral may now be computed by any desired method, and the result will be the Gauss-Kruger Transverse Mercator Projection. This result is a consequence of the fact that these steps produce a computation of real distance along the image (in the plane) of the principal meridian, and an analytic continuation of the distance at points that don't lie on the principal meridian. The elliptic-integral method used by this program is one of the "transformations of the elliptic integral" (similar to Landen's Transformation), appearing in standard handbooks of mathematical functions. Only elementary transcendental functions are utilized. The program output is the conventional (as used by the mapping agencies) cartesian coordinates, in meters, of the Transverse Mercator projection. The origin is at the intersection of the principal meridian and the equator. This FORTRAN77 program was developed on an IBM PC series computer equipped with an Intel Math Coprocessor. Double precision complex arithmetic and transcendental functions are needed to support a projection accuracy of 1 mm. Because such functions are not usually part of the FORTRAN library, the needed functions have been explicitly programmed and included in the source code. The program was developed in 1989. TRANSVERSE MERCATOR MAP PROJECTION OF THE SPHEROID USING TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE ELLIPTIC INTEGRAL is a copyrighted work with all copyright vested in NASA.

Transformation between surface spherical harmonic expansion of arbitrary high degree and order and double Fourier series on sphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fukushima, Toshio

2018-02-01

In order to accelerate the spherical harmonic synthesis and/or analysis of arbitrary function on the unit sphere, we developed a pair of procedures to transform between a truncated spherical harmonic expansion and the corresponding two-dimensional Fourier series. First, we obtained an analytic expression of the sine/cosine series coefficient of the 4 π fully normalized associated Legendre function in terms of the rectangle values of the Wigner d function. Then, we elaborated the existing method to transform the coefficients of the surface spherical harmonic expansion to those of the double Fourier series so as to be capable with arbitrary high degree and order. Next, we created a new method to transform inversely a given double Fourier series to the corresponding surface spherical harmonic expansion. The key of the new method is a couple of new recurrence formulas to compute the inverse transformation coefficients: a decreasing-order, fixed-degree, and fixed-wavenumber three-term formula for general terms, and an increasing-degree-and-order and fixed-wavenumber two-term formula for diagonal terms. Meanwhile, the two seed values are analytically prepared. Both of the forward and inverse transformation procedures are confirmed to be sufficiently accurate and applicable to an extremely high degree/order/wavenumber as 2^{30} {≈ } 10^9. The developed procedures will be useful not only in the synthesis and analysis of the spherical harmonic expansion of arbitrary high degree and order, but also in the evaluation of the derivatives and integrals of the spherical harmonic expansion.

An efficient computational method for solving nonlinear stochastic Itô integral equations: Application for stochastic problems in physics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Heydari, M.H., E-mail: heydari@stu.yazd.ac.ir; The Laboratory of Quantum Information Processing, Yazd University, Yazd; Hooshmandasl, M.R., E-mail: hooshmandasl@yazd.ac.ir

Because of the nonlinearity, closed-form solutions of many important stochastic functional equations are virtually impossible to obtain. Thus, numerical solutions are a viable alternative. In this paper, a new computational method based on the generalized hat basis functions together with their stochastic operational matrix of Itô-integration is proposed for solving nonlinear stochastic Itô integral equations in large intervals. In the proposed method, a new technique for computing nonlinear terms in such problems is presented. The main advantage of the proposed method is that it transforms problems under consideration into nonlinear systems of algebraic equations which can be simply solved. Errormore » analysis of the proposed method is investigated and also the efficiency of this method is shown on some concrete examples. The obtained results reveal that the proposed method is very accurate and efficient. As two useful applications, the proposed method is applied to obtain approximate solutions of the stochastic population growth models and stochastic pendulum problem.« less

Spacetime encodings. II. Pictures of integrability

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Brink, Jeandrew

I visually explore the features of geodesic orbits in arbitrary stationary axisymmetric vacuum (SAV) spacetimes that are constructed from a complex Ernst potential. Some of the geometric features of integrable and chaotic orbits are highlighted. The geodesic problem for these SAV spacetimes is rewritten as a 2 degree of freedom problem and the connection between current ideas in dynamical systems and the study of two manifolds sought. The relationship between the Hamilton-Jacobi equations, canonical transformations, constants of motion, and Killing tensors are commented on. Wherever possible I illustrate the concepts by means of examples from general relativity. This investigation ismore » designed to build the readers' intuition about how integrability arises, and to summarize some of the known facts about 2 degree of freedom systems. Evidence is given, in the form of an orbit-crossing structure, that geodesics in SAV spacetimes might admit a fourth constant of motion that is quartic in momentum (by contrast with Kerr spacetime, where Carter's fourth constant is quadratic)« less

19 CFR 10.303 - Originating goods.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... in General Note 3(c), HTSUS; (2) Transformed with a change in classification. The goods have been transformed by a processing which results in a change in classification and, if required, a sufficient value-content, as set forth in General Note 3(c), HTSUS; or (3) Transformed without a change in classification...

19 CFR 10.303 - Originating goods.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... in General Note 3(c), HTSUS; (2) Transformed with a change in classification. The goods have been transformed by a processing which results in a change in classification and, if required, a sufficient value-content, as set forth in General Note 3(c), HTSUS; or (3) Transformed without a change in classification...

Numerical Algorithms for Precise and Efficient Orbit Propagation and Positioning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bradley, Ben K.

Motivated by the growing space catalog and the demands for precise orbit determination with shorter latency for science and reconnaissance missions, this research improves the computational performance of orbit propagation through more efficient and precise numerical integration and frame transformation implementations. Propagation of satellite orbits is required for astrodynamics applications including mission design, orbit determination in support of operations and payload data analysis, and conjunction assessment. Each of these applications has somewhat different requirements in terms of accuracy, precision, latency, and computational load. This dissertation develops procedures to achieve various levels of accuracy while minimizing computational cost for diverse orbit determination applications. This is done by addressing two aspects of orbit determination: (1) numerical integration used for orbit propagation and (2) precise frame transformations necessary for force model evaluation and station coordinate rotations. This dissertation describes a recently developed method for numerical integration, dubbed Bandlimited Collocation Implicit Runge-Kutta (BLC-IRK), and compare its efficiency in propagating orbits to existing techniques commonly used in astrodynamics. The BLC-IRK scheme uses generalized Gaussian quadratures for bandlimited functions. It requires significantly fewer force function evaluations than explicit Runge-Kutta schemes and approaches the efficiency of the 8th-order Gauss-Jackson multistep method. Converting between the Geocentric Celestial Reference System (GCRS) and International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS) is necessary for many applications in astrodynamics, such as orbit propagation, orbit determination, and analyzing geoscience data from satellite missions. This dissertation provides simplifications to the Celestial Intermediate Origin (CIO) transformation scheme and Earth orientation parameter (EOP) storage for use in positioning and orbit propagation, yielding savings in computation time and memory. Orbit propagation and position transformation simulations are analyzed to generate a complete set of recommendations for performing the ITRS/GCRS transformation for a wide range of needs, encompassing real-time on-board satellite operations and precise post-processing applications. In addition, a complete derivation of the ITRS/GCRS frame transformation time-derivative is detailed for use in velocity transformations between the GCRS and ITRS and is applied to orbit propagation in the rotating ITRS. EOP interpolation methods and ocean tide corrections are shown to impact the ITRS/GCRS transformation accuracy at the level of 5 cm and 20 cm on the surface of the Earth and at the Global Positioning System (GPS) altitude, respectively. The precession-nutation and EOP simplifications yield maximum propagation errors of approximately 2 cm and 1 m after 15 minutes and 6 hours in low-Earth orbit (LEO), respectively, while reducing computation time and memory usage. Finally, for orbit propagation in the ITRS, a simplified scheme is demonstrated that yields propagation errors under 5 cm after 15 minutes in LEO. This approach is beneficial for orbit determination based on GPS measurements. We conclude with a summary of recommendations on EOP usage and bias-precession-nutation implementations for achieving a wide range of transformation and propagation accuracies at several altitudes. This comprehensive set of recommendations allows satellite operators, astrodynamicists, and scientists to make informed decisions when choosing the best implementation for their application, balancing accuracy and computational complexity.

Particle paths and phase plane for time-dependent similarity solutions of the one-dimensional Vlasov-Maxwell equations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Roberts, Dana Aaron; Abraham-Shrauner, Barbara

1987-01-01

The phase trajectories of particles in a plasma described by the one-dimensional Vlasov-Maxwell equations are determined qualitatively, analyzing exact general similarity solutions for the cases of temporally damped and growing (sinusoidal or localized) electric fields. The results of numerical integration in both untransformed and Lie-group point-transformed coordinates are presented in extensive graphs and characterized in detail. The implications of the present analysis for the stability of BGK equilibria are explored, and the existence of nonlinear solutions arbitrarily close to and significantly different from the BGK solutions is demonstrated.

Higher-order vector discrete rogue-wave states in the coupled Ablowitz-Ladik equations: Exact solutions and stability.

PubMed

Wen, Xiao-Yong; Yan, Zhenya; Malomed, Boris A

2016-12-01

An integrable system of two-component nonlinear Ablowitz-Ladik equations is used to construct complex rogue-wave (RW) solutions in an explicit form. First, the modulational instability of continuous waves is studied in the system. Then, new higher-order discrete two-component RW solutions of the system are found by means of a newly derived discrete version of a generalized Darboux transformation. Finally, the perturbed evolution of these RW states is explored in terms of systematic simulations, which demonstrates that tightly and loosely bound RWs are, respectively, nearly stable and strongly unstable solutions.

A Physicist's Anschauungen Concerning Mental Imagery

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Miller, Arthur I.; Kaiser, Mary K.

1987-01-01

This book is an integration of historical and psychological analyses, with the goal of understanding the role of mental imagery in three seminal developments of early 20th-century physics: special relativity (1905), general relativity (1915), and quantum mechanics (1925). The book focuses on the insights that can be gleaned from Gesalt psychology, genetic epistemology, and recent theories of imagery in cognitive science. The book is divided into three sections. The first presents the comparative epistemologies of the scientists whose developments provide the data base for analyses. The second section considers the role of aesthetics and "visuability" in the transformation (and evaluation) of scientific concepts.

Generalized Lotka—Volterra systems connected with simple Lie algebras

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Charalambides, Stelios A.; Damianou, Pantelis A.; Evripidou, Charalambos A.

2015-06-01

We devise a new method for producing Hamiltonian systems by constructing the corresponding Lax pairs. This is achieved by considering a larger subset of the positive roots than the simple roots of the root system of a simple Lie algebra. We classify all subsets of the positive roots of the root system of type An for which the corresponding Hamiltonian systems are transformed, via a simple change of variables, to Lotka-Volterra systems. For some special cases of subsets of the positive roots of the root system of type An, we produce new integrable Hamiltonian systems.

The Translated Dowling Polynomials and Numbers.

PubMed

Mangontarum, Mahid M; Macodi-Ringia, Amila P; Abdulcarim, Normalah S

2014-01-01

More properties for the translated Whitney numbers of the second kind such as horizontal generating function, explicit formula, and exponential generating function are proposed. Using the translated Whitney numbers of the second kind, we will define the translated Dowling polynomials and numbers. Basic properties such as exponential generating functions and explicit formula for the translated Dowling polynomials and numbers are obtained. Convexity, integral representation, and other interesting identities are also investigated and presented. We show that the properties obtained are generalizations of some of the known results involving the classical Bell polynomials and numbers. Lastly, we established the Hankel transform of the translated Dowling numbers.

Ontology for Transforming Geo-Spatial Data for Discovery and Integration of Scientific Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nguyen, L.; Chee, T.; Minnis, P.

2013-12-01

Discovery and access to geo-spatial scientific data across heterogeneous repositories and multi-discipline datasets can present challenges for scientist. We propose to build a workflow for transforming geo-spatial datasets into semantic environment by using relationships to describe the resource using OWL Web Ontology, RDF, and a proposed geo-spatial vocabulary. We will present methods for transforming traditional scientific dataset, use of a semantic repository, and querying using SPARQL to integrate and access datasets. This unique repository will enable discovery of scientific data by geospatial bound or other criteria.

Fractional Fourier transform of truncated elliptical Gaussian beams.

PubMed

Du, Xinyue; Zhao, Daomu

2006-12-20

Based on the fact that a hard-edged elliptical aperture can be expanded approximately as a finite sum of complex Gaussian functions in tensor form, an analytical expression for an elliptical Gaussian beam (EGB) truncated by an elliptical aperture and passing through a fractional Fourier transform system is derived by use of vector integration. The approximate analytical results provide more convenience for studying the propagation and transformation of truncated EGBs than the usual way by using the integral formula directly, and the efficiency of numerical calculation is significantly improved.

Combining the bi-Yang-Baxter deformation, the Wess-Zumino term and TsT transformations in one integrable σ-model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Delduc, F.; Hoare, B.; Kameyama, T.; Magro, M.

2017-10-01

A multi-parameter integrable deformation of the principal chiral model is presented. The Yang-Baxter and bi-Yang-Baxter σ-models, the principal chiral model plus a Wess-Zumino term and the TsT transformation of the principal chiral model are all recovered when the appropriate deformation parameters vanish. When the Lie group is SU(2), we show that this four-parameter integrable deformation of the SU(2) principal chiral model corresponds to the Lukyanov model.

Propagation of waves from an arbitrary shaped surface-A generalization of the Fresnel diffraction integral

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feshchenko, R. M.; Vinogradov, A. V.; Artyukov, I. A.

2018-04-01

Using the method of Laplace transform the field amplitude in the paraxial approximation is found in the two-dimensional free space using initial values of the amplitude specified on an arbitrary shaped monotonic curve. The obtained amplitude depends on one a priori unknown function, which can be found from a Volterra first kind integral equation. In a special case of field amplitude specified on a concave parabolic curve the exact solution is derived. Both solutions can be used to study the light propagation from arbitrary surfaces including grazing incidence X-ray mirrors. They can find applications in the analysis of coherent imaging problems of X-ray optics, in phase retrieval algorithms as well as in inverse problems in the cases when the initial field amplitude is sought on a curved surface.

Inverse Scattering and Local Observable Algebras in Integrable Quantum Field Theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alazzawi, Sabina; Lechner, Gandalf

2017-09-01

We present a solution method for the inverse scattering problem for integrable two-dimensional relativistic quantum field theories, specified in terms of a given massive single particle spectrum and a factorizing S-matrix. An arbitrary number of massive particles transforming under an arbitrary compact global gauge group is allowed, thereby generalizing previous constructions of scalar theories. The two-particle S-matrix S is assumed to be an analytic solution of the Yang-Baxter equation with standard properties, including unitarity, TCP invariance, and crossing symmetry. Using methods from operator algebras and complex analysis, we identify sufficient criteria on S that imply the solution of the inverse scattering problem. These conditions are shown to be satisfied in particular by so-called diagonal S-matrices, but presumably also in other cases such as the O( N)-invariant nonlinear {σ}-models.

Symbolic programming language in molecular multicenter integral problem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Safouhi, Hassan; Bouferguene, Ahmed

It is well known that in any ab initio molecular orbital (MO) calculation, the major task involves the computation of molecular integrals, among which the computation of three-center nuclear attraction and Coulomb integrals is the most frequently encountered. As the molecular system becomes larger, computation of these integrals becomes one of the most laborious and time-consuming steps in molecular systems calculation. Improvement of the computational methods of molecular integrals would be indispensable to further development in computational studies of large molecular systems. To develop fast and accurate algorithms for the numerical evaluation of these integrals over B functions, we used nonlinear transformations for improving convergence of highly oscillatory integrals. These methods form the basis of new methods for solving various problems that were unsolvable otherwise and have many applications as well. To apply these nonlinear transformations, the integrands should satisfy linear differential equations with coefficients having asymptotic power series in the sense of Poincaré, which in their turn should satisfy some limit conditions. These differential equations are very difficult to obtain explicitly. In the case of molecular integrals, we used a symbolic programming language (MAPLE) to demonstrate that all the conditions required to apply these nonlinear transformation methods are satisfied. Differential equations are obtained explicitly, allowing us to demonstrate that the limit conditions are also satisfied.

The Cognitive Spectrum of Transformative Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dix, Michael

2016-01-01

Although different transformative learning theories have been described in the literature, a detailed integrative theory is yet to emerge. I argue that unduly intellectualist assumptions regarding cognition have hampered current understandings and have obscured transformative learning's cognitive and metacognitive essence. Firstly, Mezirow's…

Expression of hygromycin B resistance in oyster culinary-medicinal mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.:Fr.)P. Kumm. (higher Basidiomycetes) using three gene expression systems.

PubMed

Dong, Xiaoya; Zhang, Ke; Gao, Yuqian; Qi, Yuancheng; Shen, Jinwen; Qiu, Liyou

2012-01-01

Three hygromycin B phosphotransferase (hph) gene expression systems for culinary-medicinal Oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, plasmid pSHC, pAN7-1, and pBHt1 were evaluated through PEG/CaCl(2)-mediated protoplast transformation. Plasmid pSHC is a newly constructed hph gene expression system, composed of Escherichia coli hph gene, the P. ostreatus sdi promoter, and the CaMV35S terminator. The vector pAN7-1 was commonly used for integrative transformation in filamentous fungi. Plasmid pBHtl is a T-DNA binary vector, usually introduced into fungi by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The results showed that plasmids pSHC, pAN7-1, and pBHt1 were all integrated into the host chromosomes and expressed hygromycin B resistance in P. ostreatus. pAN7-1 had the highest transformation efficiency and hph gene expression level, pSHC the second, and pBHt1 the lowest. Growth rates of the transformants on plates containing hygromycin B were in correspondence with their hph gene expression levels. To our knowledge, this is the first report on integrated transformation of plasmid pAN7-1 and pBHt1 in P. ostreatus.

Research of generalized wavelet transformations of Haar correctness in remote sensing of the Earth

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kazaryan, Maretta; Shakhramanyan, Mihail; Nedkov, Roumen; Richter, Andrey; Borisova, Denitsa; Stankova, Nataliya; Ivanova, Iva; Zaharinova, Mariana

2017-10-01

In this paper, Haar's generalized wavelet functions are applied to the problem of ecological monitoring by the method of remote sensing of the Earth. We study generalized Haar wavelet series and suggest the use of Tikhonov's regularization method for investigating them for correctness. In the solution of this problem, an important role is played by classes of functions that were introduced and described in detail by I.M. Sobol for studying multidimensional quadrature formulas and it contains functions with rapidly convergent series of wavelet Haar. A theorem on the stability and uniform convergence of the regularized summation function of the generalized wavelet-Haar series of a function from this class with approximate coefficients is proved. The article also examines the problem of using orthogonal transformations in Earth remote sensing technologies for environmental monitoring. Remote sensing of the Earth allows to receive from spacecrafts information of medium, high spatial resolution and to conduct hyperspectral measurements. Spacecrafts have tens or hundreds of spectral channels. To process the images, the device of discrete orthogonal transforms, and namely, wavelet transforms, was used. The aim of the work is to apply the regularization method in one of the problems associated with remote sensing of the Earth and subsequently to process the satellite images through discrete orthogonal transformations, in particular, generalized Haar wavelet transforms. General methods of research. In this paper, Tikhonov's regularization method, the elements of mathematical analysis, the theory of discrete orthogonal transformations, and methods for decoding of satellite images are used. Scientific novelty. The task of processing of archival satellite snapshots (images), in particular, signal filtering, was investigated from the point of view of an incorrectly posed problem. The regularization parameters for discrete orthogonal transformations were determined.

"The Electric City": Sherbrooke et son paysage hydroelectrique (1880--1930)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guillemette, Remi

Ce memoire presente l'imbrication des elements hydroelectrique au sein du paysage de la ville de Sherbrooke entre 1880 et 1930. Nous cherchons a comprendre comment les nouveaux elements energetiques s'integrent a celui-ci et comment la population sherbrookoise se represente ces espaces transformes. Comment le paysage hydroelectrique, en tant qu'espace vu et vecu, interagit-il avec la societe sherbrookoise ? A l'interieur de cette problematique generale, nous chercherons a repondre a trois sous-questions. Quelles sont les transformations physiques et materielles engendrees par l'implantation de cette nouvelle technologie hydroelectrique sur le paysage urbain sherbrookois ? Qu'est-ce que les differents groupes valorisent au sein du paysage ? Quel sens prennent ces nouveaux paysages pour les Sherbrookois ? En effet, l'etude du developpement rapide du potentiel hydroelectrique de la riviere Magog nous amene a demontrer que l'exploitation des ressources energetiques a profondement transforme le paysage de Sherbrooke : vastes modifications du trace des cours d'eau, apparition de batiments specifiques a la production energetique, structures de distributions et infrastructures permettant l'illumination de la ville. Nous avancons aussi que differents groupes d'individus ne valorisent pas les memes elements paysagers. Finalement, nous proposons que le regard porte par les citoyens sur le paysage energetique est tributaire de l'usage qu'ils en font. Comme la fonction des elements energetiques paysagers evolue, le regard qu' ils portent vers ces structures se transforme lui aussi. Mots cles: histoire de Sherbrooke, paysage, hydroelectricite, electricite, transformation de l'espace, histoire environnementale

Transforming growth factor-β1 receptor inhibition preserves glomerulotubular integrity during ureteral obstruction in adults but worsens injury in neonatal mice

PubMed Central

Galarreta, Carolina I.; Thornhill, Barbara A.; Forbes, Michael S.; Simpkins, Lauren N.; Kim, Dae-Kee

2013-01-01

Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), a widely used model of chronic kidney disease and congenital obstructive uropathy, causes proximal tubular injury and formation of atubular glomeruli. Because transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a central regulator of renal injury, neonatal and adult mice were subjected to complete UUO while under general anesthesia and treated with vehicle or ALK5 TGF-β1 receptor inhibitor (IN-1130, 30 mg·kg−1·day−1). After 14 days, glomerulotubular integrity and proximal tubular mass were determined by morphometry of Lotus tetragonolobus lectin distribution, and the fraction of atubular glomeruli was determined by serial section analysis of randomly selected individual glomeruli. Glomerular area, macrophage infiltration, fibronectin distribution, and interstitial collagen were measured by morphometry. Compared with placebo, inhibition of TGF-β1 by IN-1130 decreased apoptosis and formation of atubular glomeruli, prevented parenchymal loss, increased glomerular area and glomerulotubular integrity, and increased proximal tubule fraction of the adult obstructed kidney parenchyma from 17 to 30% (P < 0.05, respectively). IN-1130 decreased macrophage infiltration and fibronectin and collagen deposition in the adult obstructed kidney by ∼50% (P < 0.05, respectively). In contrast to these salutary effects in the adult, IN-1130 caused widespread necrosis in obstructed neonatal kidneys. We conclude that whereas IN-1130 reduces obstructive injury in adult kidneys through preservation of glomerulotubular integrity and proximal tubular mass, TGF-β1 inhibition aggravates obstructive injury in neonates. These results indicate that while caution is necessary in treating congenital uropathies, ALK5 inhibitors may prevent nephron loss due to adult kidney disease. PMID:23303407

An improved exact inversion formula for solenoidal fields in cone beam vector tomography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Katsevich, Alexander; Rothermel, Dimitri; Schuster, Thomas

2017-06-01

In this paper we present an improved inversion formula for the 3D cone beam transform of vector fields supported in the unit ball which is exact for solenoidal fields. It is well known that only the solenoidal part of a vector field can be determined from the longitudinal ray transform of a vector field in cone beam geometry. The inversion formula, as it was developed in Katsevich and Schuster (2013 An exact inversion formula for cone beam vector tomography Inverse Problems 29 065013), consists of two parts. The first part is of the filtered backprojection type, whereas the second part is a costly 4D integration and very inefficient. In this article we tackle this second term and obtain an improved formula, which is easy to implement and saves one order of integration. We also show that the first part contains all information about the curl of the field, whereas the second part has information about the boundary values. More precisely, the second part vanishes if the solenoidal part of the original field is tangential at the boundary. A number of numerical tests presented in the paper confirm the theoretical results and the exactness of the formula. Also, we obtain an inversion algorithm that works for general convex domains.

Delusional development in child autism at the onset of puberty: vicissitudes of psychic dimensionality between disintegration and development.

PubMed

Bisagni, Francesco

2012-06-01

Although the psychogenetic hypotheses on child autism have been superseded, psychoanalysis can still reflect on the relational exchange and its sensory aspects in concomitance with the mental development of these patients. Without making generalizations as regards the pathogenesis, but considering the specific features of each autistic child, it may be possible to achieve an integration of those islands of competence that make up these patients' limited personal heritage. Such integration may be reached through the analysis of representational, emotional and relational transformations. The first part of this article describes the case of an autistic child in treatment from the age of four on a four-times-weekly basis who, during puberty, developed severe formal thought disorders together with delusional and hallucinatory formations. The second part develops some post-Jungian theoretical contributions, such as the concept of self as nothingness and the idea of the unsaturated archetype, so as to evaluate the function of some a-priori concepts in support of the analyst's position. These concepts are considered in relation to Bion's model of transformation, and to the formulations on dimensional awareness, especially on the shift from a two-dimensionality to three-dimensionality view, as well as to the rhythm of the object's presence and absence. Copyright © 2012 Institute of Psychoanalysis.

Innovative use of the integrative review to evaluate evidence of technology transformation in healthcare.

PubMed

Phillips, Andrew B; Merrill, Jacqueline A

2015-12-01

Healthcare is in a period significant transformational activity through the accelerated adoption of healthcare technologies, new reimbursement systems that emphasize shared savings and care coordination, and the common place use of mobile technologies by patients, providers, and others. The complexity of healthcare creates barriers to transformational activity and has the potential to inhibit the desired paths toward change envisioned by policymakers. Methods for understanding how change is occurring within this complex environment are important to the evaluation of delivery system reform and the role of technology in healthcare transformation. This study examines the use on an integrative review methodology to evaluate the healthcare literature for evidence of technology transformation in healthcare. The methodology integrates the evaluation of a broad set of literature with an established evaluative framework to develop a more complete understanding of a particular topic. We applied this methodology and the framework of punctuated equilibrium (PEq) to the analysis of the healthcare literature from 2004 to 2012 for evidence of technology transformation, a time during which technology was at the forefront of healthcare policy. The analysis demonstrated that the established PEq framework applied to the literature showed considerable potential for evaluating the progress of policies that encourage healthcare transformation. Significant inhibitors to change were identified through the integrative review and categorized into ten themes that describe the resistant structure of healthcare delivery: variations in the environment; market complexity; regulations; flawed risks and rewards; change theories; barriers; ethical considerations; competition and sustainability; environmental elements, and internal elements. We hypothesize that the resistant nature of the healthcare system described by this study creates barriers to the direct consumer involvement and engagement necessary for transformational change. Future policies should be directed at removing these barriers by demanding and emphasizing open technologies and unrestricted access to data versus as currently prescribed by technology vendors, practitioners, and policies that perpetuate market equilibrium. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Efficient and stable transformation of hop (Humulus lupulus L.) var. Eroica by particle bombardment.

PubMed

Batista, Dora; Fonseca, Sandra; Serrazina, Susana; Figueiredo, Andreia; Pais, Maria Salomé

2008-07-01

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first accurate and reliable protocol for hop (Humulus lupulus L.) genetic transformation using particle bombardment. Based on the highly productive regeneration system previously developed by us for hop var. Eroica, two efficient transformation protocols were established using petioles and green organogenic nodular clusters (GONCs) bombarded with gusA reporter and hpt selectable genes. A total of 36 hygromycin B-resistant (hyg(r)) plants obtained upon continuous selection were successfully transferred to the greenhouse, and a first generation group of transplanted plants was followed after spending a complete vegetative cycle. PCR analysis showed the presence of one of both transgenes in 25 plants, corresponding to an integration frequency of 69.4% and an overall transformation efficiency of 7.5%. Although all final transformants were GUS negative, the integration frequency of gusA gene was higher than that of hpt gene. Petiole-derived transgenic plants showed a higher co-integration rate of 76.9%. Real-time PCR analysis confirmed co-integration in 86% of the plants tested and its stability until the first generation, and identified positive plants amongst those previously assessed as hpt (+) only by conventional PCR. Our results suggest that the integration frequencies presented here, as well as those of others, may have been underestimated, and that PCR results should be taken with precaution not only for false positives, but also for false negatives. The protocols here described could be very useful for future introduction of metabolic or resistance traits in hop cultivars even if slight modifications for other genotypes are needed.

A new method of converter transformer protection without commutation failure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Jiayu; Kong, Bo; Liu, Mingchang; Zhang, Jun; Guo, Jianhong; Jing, Xu

2018-01-01

With the development of AC / DC hybrid transmission technology, converter transformer as nodes of AC and DC conversion of HVDC transmission technology, its reliable safe and stable operation plays an important role in the DC transmission. As a common problem of DC transmission, commutation failure poses a serious threat to the safe and stable operation of power grid. According to the commutation relation between the AC bus voltage of converter station and the output DC voltage of converter, the generalized transformation ratio is defined, and a new method of converter transformer protection based on generalized transformation ratio is put forward. The method uses generalized ratio to realize the on-line monitoring of the fault or abnormal commutation components, and the use of valve side of converter transformer bushing CT current characteristics of converter transformer fault accurately, and is not influenced by the presence of commutation failure. Through the fault analysis and EMTDC/PSCAD simulation, the protection can be operated correctly under the condition of various faults of the converter.

Polarization transformation as an algorithm for automatic generalization and quality assessment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qian, Haizhong; Meng, Liqiu

2007-06-01

Since decades it has been a dream of cartographers to computationally mimic the generalization processes in human brains for the derivation of various small-scale target maps or databases from a large-scale source map or database. This paper addresses in a systematic way the polarization transformation (PT) - a new algorithm that serves both the purpose of automatic generalization of discrete features and the quality assurance. By means of PT, two dimensional point clusters or line networks in the Cartesian system can be transformed into a polar coordinate system, which then can be unfolded as a single spectrum line r = f(α), where r and a stand for the polar radius and the polar angle respectively. After the transformation, the original features will correspond to nodes on the spectrum line delimited between 0° and 360° along the horizontal axis, and between the minimum and maximum polar radius along the vertical axis. Since PT is a lossless transformation, it allows a straighforward analysis and comparison of the original and generalized distributions, thus automatic generalization and quality assurance can be down in this way. Examples illustrate that PT algorithm meets with the requirement of generalization of discrete spatial features and is more scientific.

Leading Education Reform Initiatives: How SWIFT (Schoolwide Integrated Framework for Transformation) Coordinates and Enhances Impact. Issue Brief #2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kingston, Mary; Richards, Curtis; Blank, Rolf; Stonemeier, Jennifer; Trader, Barbara; East, Bill

2014-01-01

In this Issue Brief we discuss the impact that the Schoolwide Integrated Framework for Transformation (SWIFT) has on improving the outcomes of several current federal, state, district, and school education reform initiatives. Federal initiatives include Race to the Top, School Improvement Grants, and Campaign for Grade-Level Reading; Common Core…

Transforming Service Employees and Climate: A Multilevel, Multisource Examination of Transformational Leadership in Building Long-Term Service Relationships

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liao, Hui; Chuang, Aichia

2007-01-01

This longitudinal field study integrates the theories of transformational leadership (TFL) and relationship marketing to examine how TFL influences employee service performance and customer relationship outcomes by transforming both (at the micro level) the service employees' attitudes and (at the macro level) the work unit's service climate.…

46 CFR 111.20-1 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... REQUIREMENTS Transformer Construction, Installation, and Protection § 111.20-1 General requirements. Each transformer winding must be resistant to moisture, sea atmosphere, and oil vapor, unless special precautions...

46 CFR 111.20-1 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... REQUIREMENTS Transformer Construction, Installation, and Protection § 111.20-1 General requirements. Each transformer winding must be resistant to moisture, sea atmosphere, and oil vapor, unless special precautions...

46 CFR 111.20-1 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... REQUIREMENTS Transformer Construction, Installation, and Protection § 111.20-1 General requirements. Each transformer winding must be resistant to moisture, sea atmosphere, and oil vapor, unless special precautions...

46 CFR 111.20-1 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... REQUIREMENTS Transformer Construction, Installation, and Protection § 111.20-1 General requirements. Each transformer winding must be resistant to moisture, sea atmosphere, and oil vapor, unless special precautions...

46 CFR 111.20-1 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... REQUIREMENTS Transformer Construction, Installation, and Protection § 111.20-1 General requirements. Each transformer winding must be resistant to moisture, sea atmosphere, and oil vapor, unless special precautions...

Genetic transformation of the yeast Dekkera/Brettanomyces bruxellensis with non-homologous DNA.

PubMed

Miklenić, Marina; Štafa, Anamarija; Bajić, Ana; Žunar, Bojan; Lisnić, Berislav; Svetec, Ivan-Krešimir

2013-05-01

Yeast Dekkera/Brettanomyces bruxellensis is probably the most common contaminant in wineries and ethanol production processes. The considerable economic losses caused by this yeast, but also its ability to produce and tolerate high ethanol concentrations, make it an attractive subject for research with potential for industrial applications. Unfortunately, efforts to understand the biology of D. bruxellensis and facilitate its broader use in industry are hampered by the lack of adequate procedures for delivery of exogenous DNA into this organism. Here we describe the development of transformation protocols (spheroplast transformation, LiAc/PEG method, and electroporation) and report the first genetic transformation of yeast D. bruxellensis. A linear heterologous DNA fragment carrying the kanMX4 sequence was used for transformation, which allowed transformants to be selected on plates containing geneticin. We found the spheroplast transformation method using 1M sorbitol as osmotic stabilizer to be inappropriate because sorbitol strikingly decreases the plating efficiency of both D. bruxellensis spheroplast and intact cells. However, we managed to modify the LiAc/ PEG transformation method and electroporation to accommodate D. bruxellensis transformation, achieving efficiencies of 0.6-16 and 10-20 transformants/microg DNA, respectively. The stability of the transformants ranged from 93.6% to 100%. All putative transformants were analyzed by Southern blot using the kanMX4 sequence as a hybridization probe, which confirmed that the transforming DNA fragment had integrated into the genome. The results of the molecular analysis were consistent with the expected illegitimate integration of a heterologous transforming fragment.

Polar Wavelet Transform and the Associated Uncertainty Principles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shah, Firdous A.; Tantary, Azhar Y.

2018-06-01

The polar wavelet transform- a generalized form of the classical wavelet transform has been extensively used in science and engineering for finding directional representations of signals in higher dimensions. The aim of this paper is to establish new uncertainty principles associated with the polar wavelet transforms in L2(R2). Firstly, we study some basic properties of the polar wavelet transform and then derive the associated generalized version of Heisenberg-Pauli-Weyl inequality. Finally, following the idea of Beckner (Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 123, 1897-1905 1995), we drive the logarithmic version of uncertainty principle for the polar wavelet transforms in L2(R2).

On gauge independence for gauge models with soft breaking of BRST symmetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reshetnyak, Alexander

2014-12-01

A consistent quantum treatment of general gauge theories with an arbitrary gauge-fixing in the presence of soft breaking of the BRST symmetry in the field-antifield formalism is developed. It is based on a gauged (involving a field-dependent parameter) version of finite BRST transformations. The prescription allows one to restore the gauge-independence of the effective action at its extremals and therefore also that of the conventional S-matrix for a theory with BRST-breaking terms being additively introduced into a BRST-invariant action in order to achieve a consistency of the functional integral. We demonstrate the applicability of this prescription within the approach of functional renormalization group to the Yang-Mills and gravity theories. The Gribov-Zwanziger action and the refined Gribov-Zwanziger action for a many-parameter family of gauges, including the Coulomb, axial and covariant gauges, are derived perturbatively on the basis of finite gauged BRST transformations starting from Landau gauge. It is proved that gauge theories with soft breaking of BRST symmetry can be made consistent if the transformed BRST-breaking terms satisfy the same soft BRST symmetry breaking condition in the resulting gauge as the untransformed ones in the initial gauge, and also without this requirement.

Solution of Radiative Transfer Equation with a Continuous and Stochastic Varying Refractive Index by Legendre Transform Method

PubMed Central

Gantri, M.

2014-01-01

The present paper gives a new computational framework within which radiative transfer in a varying refractive index biological tissue can be studied. In our previous works, Legendre transform was used as an innovative view to handle the angular derivative terms in the case of uniform refractive index spherical medium. In biomedical optics, our analysis can be considered as a forward problem solution in a diffuse optical tomography imaging scheme. We consider a rectangular biological tissue-like domain with spatially varying refractive index submitted to a near infrared continuous light source. Interaction of radiation with the biological material into the medium is handled by a radiative transfer model. In the studied situation, the model displays two angular redistribution terms that are treated with Legendre integral transform. The model is used to study a possible detection of abnormalities in a general biological tissue. The effect of the embedded nonhomogeneous objects on the transmitted signal is studied. Particularly, detection of targets of localized heterogeneous inclusions within the tissue is discussed. Results show that models accounting for variation of refractive index can yield useful predictions about the target and the location of abnormal inclusions within the tissue. PMID:25013454

Transformative Learning Experiences of International Graduate Students from Africa

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kumi-Yeboah, Alex

2014-01-01

This article examines factors that influence transformative learning experiences of international graduate students from Africa. In general, 84.8% of the participants experienced transformative learning while 15.2% reported no transformative experiences. For those who experienced transformative learning, 26.1% of the transformative experiences…

Integrated Personal Health Records: Transformative Tools for Consumer-Centric Care

PubMed Central

Detmer, Don; Bloomrosen, Meryl; Raymond, Brian; Tang, Paul

2008-01-01

Background Integrated personal health records (PHRs) offer significant potential to stimulate transformational changes in health care delivery and self-care by patients. In 2006, an invitational roundtable sponsored by Kaiser Permanente Institute, the American Medical Informatics Association, and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality was held to identify the transformative potential of PHRs, as well as barriers to realizing this potential and a framework for action to move them closer to the health care mainstream. This paper highlights and builds on the insights shared during the roundtable. Discussion While there is a spectrum of dominant PHR models, (standalone, tethered, integrated), the authors state that only the integrated model has true transformative potential to strengthen consumers' ability to manage their own health care. Integrated PHRs improve the quality, completeness, depth, and accessibility of health information provided by patients; enable facile communication between patients and providers; provide access to health knowledge for patients; ensure portability of medical records and other personal health information; and incorporate auto-population of content. Numerous factors impede widespread adoption of integrated PHRs: obstacles in the health care system/culture; issues of consumer confidence and trust; lack of technical standards for interoperability; lack of HIT infrastructure; the digital divide; uncertain value realization/ROI; and uncertain market demand. Recent efforts have led to progress on standards for integrated PHRs, and government agencies and private companies are offering different models to consumers, but substantial obstacles remain to be addressed. Immediate steps to advance integrated PHRs should include sharing existing knowledge and expanding knowledge about them, building on existing efforts, and continuing dialogue among public and private sector stakeholders. Summary Integrated PHRs promote active, ongoing patient collaboration in care delivery and decision making. With some exceptions, however, the integrated PHR model is still a theoretical framework for consumer-centric health care. The authors pose questions that need to be answered so that the field can move forward to realize the potential of integrated PHRs. How can integrated PHRs be moved from concept to practical application? Would a coordinating body expedite this progress? How can existing initiatives and policy levers serve as catalysts to advance integrated PHRs? PMID:18837999

Site-specific integration of Streptomyces PhiC31 integrase-based vectors in the chromosome of Rhodococcus equi.

PubMed

Hong, Yang; Hondalus, Mary K

2008-10-01

Streptomyces PhiC31-based site-specific integration was used to transform the facultative intracellular pathogen Rhodococcus equi. The transformation efficiency of vectors incorporating the PhiC31 integrase and attP sites was comparable to that of replication plasmids using the same electroporation procedure. A single attB integration site was identified within an ORF encoding a pirin-like protein, which deviates slightly from the consensus sequence of Streptomyces attB sites. Vector integration was stably maintained in the R. equi chromosome for as many as 100 generations during unselected passage in vitro. In addition, integration does not appear to affect the replication of bacteria inside macrophages. Finally, this integration system was also used to successfully complement an R. equi mutant.

82. PHOTOCOPY OF DRAWING, SURFACE BUILDINGS, GENERAL, TRANSFORMER HOUSE, LOWER ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

82. PHOTOCOPY OF DRAWING, SURFACE BUILDINGS, GENERAL, TRANSFORMER HOUSE, LOWER CAMP, NORTH END - Kennecott Copper Corporation, On Copper River & Northwestern Railroad, Kennicott, Valdez-Cordova Census Area, AK

81. PHOTOCOPY OF DRAWING, SURFACE BUILDINGS, GENERAL, TRANSFORMER HOUSE, LOWER ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

81. PHOTOCOPY OF DRAWING, SURFACE BUILDINGS, GENERAL, TRANSFORMER HOUSE, LOWER CAMP, NORTH END - Kennecott Copper Corporation, On Copper River & Northwestern Railroad, Kennicott, Valdez-Cordova Census Area, AK

Invariant object recognition based on the generalized discrete radon transform

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Easley, Glenn R.; Colonna, Flavia

2004-04-01

We introduce a method for classifying objects based on special cases of the generalized discrete Radon transform. We adjust the transform and the corresponding ridgelet transform by means of circular shifting and a singular value decomposition (SVD) to obtain a translation, rotation and scaling invariant set of feature vectors. We then use a back-propagation neural network to classify the input feature vectors. We conclude with experimental results and compare these with other invariant recognition methods.

Nonlocal symmetries and Bäcklund transformations for the self-dual Yang-Mills system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Papachristou, C. J.; Harrison, B. Kent

1988-01-01

The observation is made that generalized evolutionary isovectors of the self-dual Yang-Mills equation, obtained by ``verticalization'' of the geometrical isovectors derived in a previous paper [J. Math. Phys. 28, 1261 (1987)], generate Bäcklund transformations for the self-dual system. In particular, new Bäcklund transformations are obtained by ``verticalizing'' the generators of point transformations on the solution manifold. A geometric ansatz for the derivation of such (generally nonlocal) symmetries is proposed.

Optimizing the Four-Index Integral Transform Using Data Movement Lower Bounds Analysis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rajbhandari, Samyam; Rastello, Fabrice; Kowalski, Karol

The four-index integral transform is a fundamental and computationally demanding calculation used in many computational chemistry suites such as NWChem. It transforms a four-dimensional tensor from an atomic basis to a molecular basis. This transformation is most efficiently implemented as a sequence of four tensor contractions that each contract a four-dimensional tensor with a two-dimensional transformation matrix. Differing degrees of permutation symmetry in the intermediate and final tensors in the sequence of contractions cause intermediate tensors to be much larger than the final tensor and limit the number of electronic states in the modeled systems. Loop fusion, in conjunction withmore » tiling, can be very effective in reducing the total space requirement, as well as data movement. However, the large number of possible choices for loop fusion and tiling, and data/computation distribution across a parallel system, make it challenging to develop an optimized parallel implementation for the four-index integral transform. We develop a novel approach to address this problem, using lower bounds modeling of data movement complexity. We establish relationships between available aggregate physical memory in a parallel computer system and ineffective fusion configurations, enabling their pruning and consequent identification of effective choices and a characterization of optimality criteria. This work has resulted in the development of a significantly improved implementation of the four-index transform that enables higher performance and the ability to model larger electronic systems than the current implementation in the NWChem quantum chemistry software suite.« less

An auto-Bäcklund transformation and exact solutions for Wick-type stochastic generalized KdV equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xie, Yingchao

2004-05-01

Wick-type stochastic generalized KdV equations are researched. By using the homogeneous balance, an auto-Bäcklund transformation to the Wick-type stochastic generalized KdV equations is derived. And stochastic single soliton and stochastic multi-soliton solutions are shown by using the Hermite transform. Research supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (19971072) and the Natural Science Foundation of Education Committee of Jiangsu Province of China (03KJB110135).

Development of efficient plant regeneration and transformation system for impatiens using Agrobacterium tumefaciens and multiple bud cultures as explants.

PubMed

Dan, Yinghui; Baxter, Aaron; Zhang, Song; Pantazis, Christopher J; Veilleux, Richard E

2010-08-09

Impatiens (Impatiens walleriana) is a top selling floriculture crop. The potential for genetic transformation of Impatiens to introduce novel flower colors or virus resistance has been limited by its general recalcitrance to tissue culture and transformation manipulations. We have established a regeneration and transformation system for Impatiens that provides new alternatives to genetic improvement of this crop. In a first step towards the development of transgenic INSV-resistant Impatiens, we developed an efficient plant regeneration system using hypocotyl segments containing cotyledonary nodes as explants. With this regeneration system, 80% of explants produced an average of 32.3 elongated shoots per initial explant plated, with up to 167 elongated shoots produced per explant. Rooting efficiency was high, and 100% of shoots produced roots within 12 days under optimal conditions, allowing plant regeneration within approximately 8 weeks. Using this regeneration system, we developed an efficient Agrobacterium-mediated Impatiens transformation method using in vitro multiple bud cultures as explants and a binary plasmid (pHB2892) bearing gfp and nptII genes. Transgenic Impatiens plants, with a frequency up to 58.9%, were obtained within 12 to 16 weeks from inoculation to transfer of transgenic plants to soil. Transgenic plants were confirmed by Southern blot, phenotypic assays and T1 segregation analysis. Transgene expression was observed in leaves, stems, roots, flowers, and fruit. The transgenic plants were fertile and phenotypically normal. We report the development of a simple and efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system for Impatiens. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Impatiens with experimental evidence of stable integration of T-DNA and of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method for plants using in vitro maintained multiple bud cultures as explants. This transformation system has the advantages of 1) efficient, simple and rapid regeneration and transformation (with no need for sterilization or a greenhouse to grow stock plants), 2) flexibility (available all the time) for in vitro manipulation, 3) uniform and desirable green tissue explants for both nuclear and plastid transformation using Agrobacterium-mediated and biolistics methods, 4) no somaclonal variation and 5) resolution of necrosis of Agrobacterium-inoculated tissues.

A Review of Transformer Aging and Control Strategies

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gourisetti, Sri Nikhil Gup; Kirkham, Harold; Sivaraman, Deepak

Transformer aging is an important challenge in power system. Distribution transformers themselves are minimally controllable, but smart meters provide excellent, new insights into electrical loads, which insights can be used to understand and mitigate transformer aging. The nature of transformer loads is changing with the integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) and electric vehicles (EVs). This paper first reviews factors that influence the aging of distribution transformers, including root causes of transformer failure. Existing and proposed load control methods are then discussed. A distribution model is introduced to help evaluate potential control methods.

Comparative assessment of computational methods for the determination of solvation free energies in alcohol-based molecules.

PubMed

Martins, Silvia A; Sousa, Sergio F

2013-06-05

The determination of differences in solvation free energies between related drug molecules remains an important challenge in computational drug optimization, when fast and accurate calculation of differences in binding free energy are required. In this study, we have evaluated the performance of five commonly used polarized continuum model (PCM) methodologies in the determination of solvation free energies for 53 typical alcohol and alkane small molecules. In addition, the performance of these PCM methods, of a thermodynamic integration (TI) protocol and of the Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) and generalized Born (GB) methods, were tested in the determination of solvation free energies changes for 28 common alkane-alcohol transformations, by the substitution of an hydrogen atom for a hydroxyl substituent. The results show that the solvation model D (SMD) performs better among the PCM-based approaches in estimating solvation free energies for alcohol molecules, and solvation free energy changes for alkane-alcohol transformations, with an average error below 1 kcal/mol for both quantities. However, for the determination of solvation free energy changes on alkane-alcohol transformation, PB and TI yielded better results. TI was particularly accurate in the treatment of hydroxyl groups additions to aromatic rings (0.53 kcal/mol), a common transformation when optimizing drug-binding in computer-aided drug design. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

How Change Occurred at the Stoughton Area School District: Lessons from a SWIFT (Schoolwide Integrated Framework for Transformation) Knowledge Development Site. Issue Brief #3

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stonemeier, Jennifer; Trader, Barbara; Kingston, Mary; Richards, Curtis; Blank, Rolf; East, Bill

2014-01-01

The SWIFT Center (Schoolwide Integrated Framework for Transformation) is an initiative to bring about educational equity district by district until all students excel, including students with the most profound needs. As the national technical assistance center to build schoolwide inclusive practices to improve academic and behavioral outcomes for…

A DNase encoded by integrated element CJIE1 inhibits natural transformation of Campylobacter jejuni.

PubMed

Gaasbeek, Esther J; Wagenaar, Jaap A; Guilhabert, Magalie R; Wösten, Marc M S M; van Putten, Jos P M; van der Graaf-van Bloois, Linda; Parker, Craig T; van der Wal, Fimme J

2009-04-01

The species Campylobacter jejuni is considered naturally competent for DNA uptake and displays strong genetic diversity. Nevertheless, nonnaturally transformable strains and several relatively stable clonal lineages exist. In the present study, the molecular mechanism responsible for the nonnatural transformability of a subset of C. jejuni strains was investigated. Comparative genome hybridization indicated that C. jejuni Mu-like prophage integrated element 1 (CJIE1) was more abundant in nonnaturally transformable C. jejuni strains than in naturally transformable strains. Analysis of CJIE1 indicated the presence of dns (CJE0256), which is annotated as a gene encoding an extracellular DNase. DNase assays using a defined dns mutant and a dns-negative strain expressing Dns from a plasmid indicated that Dns is an endogenous DNase. The DNA-hydrolyzing activity directly correlated with the natural transformability of the knockout mutant and the dns-negative strain expressing Dns from a plasmid. Analysis of a broader set of strains indicated that the majority of nonnaturally transformable strains expressed DNase activity, while all naturally competent strains lacked this activity. The inhibition of natural transformation in C. jejuni via endogenous DNase activity may contribute to the formation of stable lineages in the C. jejuni population.

Inference of relativistic electron spectra from measurements of inverse Compton radiation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Craig, I. J. D.; Brown, J. C.

1980-07-01

The inference of relativistic electron spectra from spectral measurement of inverse Compton radiation is discussed for the case where the background photon spectrum is a Planck function. The problem is formulated in terms of an integral transform that relates the measured spectrum to the unknown electron distribution. A general inversion formula is used to provide a quantitative assessment of the information content of the spectral data. It is shown that the observations must generally be augmented by additional information if anything other than a rudimentary two or three parameter model of the source function is to be derived. It is also pointed out that since a similar equation governs the continuum spectra emitted by a distribution of black-body radiators, the analysis is relevant to the problem of stellar population synthesis from galactic spectra.

Strategy, leadership and change: the North York General Hospital transformation journey.

PubMed

Adamson, Bonnie; Kwolek, Susan

2008-01-01

Improvements in the emergency department and general internal medicine will serve as a case study to examine how North York General Hospital cultural transformation efforts led to improvements in these departments, and why we believe this approach will enable the organization to sustain these improvements over time.

Transforming guided waves with metamaterial waveguide cores

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Viaene, S.; Ginis, V.; Danckaert, J.; Tassin, P.

2016-04-01

Metamaterials make use of subwavelength building blocks to enhance our control on the propagation of light. To determine the required material properties for a given functionality, i.e., a set of desired light flows inside a metamaterial device, metamaterial designs often rely on a geometrical design tool known as transformation optics. In recent years, applications in integrated photonics motivated several research groups to develop two-dimensional versions of transformation optics capable of routing surface waves along graphene-dielectric and metal-dielectric interfaces. Although guided electromagnetic waves are highly relevant to applications in integrated optics, no consistent transformation-optical framework has so far been developed for slab waveguides. Indeed, the conventional application of transformation optics to dielectric slab waveguides leads to bulky three-dimensional devices with metamaterial implementations both inside and outside of the waveguide's core. In this contribution, we develop a transformationoptical framework that still results in thin metamaterial waveguide devices consisting of a nonmagnetic metamaterial core of varying thickness [Phys. Rev. B 93.8, 085429 (2016)]. We numerically demonstrate the effectiveness and versatility of our equivalence relations with three crucial functionalities: a beam bender, a beam splitter and a conformal lens. Our devices perform well on a qualitative (comparison of fields) and quantitative (comparison of transmitted power) level compared to their bulky counterparts. As a result, the geometrical toolbox of transformation optics may lead to a plethora of integrated metamaterial devices to route guided waves along optical chips.

Analytical Solution of a Generalized Hirota-Satsuma Equation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kassem, M.; Mabrouk, S.; Abd-el-Malek, M.

A modified version of generalized Hirota-Satsuma is here solved using a two parameter group transformation method. This problem in three dimensions was reduced by Estevez [1] to a two dimensional one through a Lie transformation method and left unsolved. In the present paper, through application of symmetry transformation the Lax pair has been reduced to a system of ordinary equations. Three transformations cases are investigated. The obtained analytical solutions are plotted and show a profile proper to deflagration processes, well described by Degasperis-Procesi equation.

Hierarchical Co-Assembly Enhanced Direct Ink Writing.

PubMed

Li, Longyu; Zhang, Pengfei; Zhang, Zhiyun; Lin, Qianming; Wu, Yuyang; Cheng, Alexander; Lin, Yunxiao; Thompson, Christina M; Smaldone, Ronald A; Ke, Chenfeng

2018-04-23

Integrating intelligent molecular systems into 3D printing materials and transforming their molecular functions to the macroscale with controlled superstructures will unleash great potential for the development of smart materials. Compared to macromolecular 3D printing materials, self-assembled small-molecule-based 3D printing materials are very rare owing to the difficulties of facilitating 3D printability as well as preserving their molecular functions macroscopically. Herein, we report a general approach for the integration of functional small molecules into 3D printing materials for direct ink writing through the introduction of a supramolecular template. A variety of inorganic and organic small-molecule-based inks were 3D-printed, and their superstructures were refined by post-printing hierarchical co-assembly. Through spatial and temporal control of individual molecular events from the nano- to the macroscale, fine-tuned macroscale features were successfully installed in the monoliths. © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Assembly of photo-bioelectrochemical cells using photosystem I-functionalized electrodes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Efrati, Ariel; Lu, Chun-Hua; Michaeli, Dorit; Nechushtai, Rachel; Alsaoub, Sabine; Schuhmann, Wolfgang; Willner, Itamar

2016-02-01

The design of photo-bioelectrochemical cells based on native photosynthetic reaction centres is attracting substantial recent interest as a means for the conversion of solar light energy into electrical power. In the natural photosynthetic apparatus, the photosynthetic reaction centres are coupled to biocatalytic transformations leading to CO2 fixation and O2 evolution. Although significant progress in the integration of native photosystems with electrodes for light-to-electrical energy conversion has been achieved, the conjugation of the photosystems to enzymes to yield photo-bioelectrocatalytic solar cells remains a challenge. Here we demonstrate the assembly of integrated photosystem I/glucose oxidase or glucose dehydrogenase photo-bioelectrochemical electrodes. We highlight the photonic wiring of the biocatalysts by means of photosystem I using glucose as fuel. Our results provide a general approach to assemble photo-bioelectrochemical solar cells with wide implications for solar energy conversion, bioelectrocatalysis and sensing.

Multiscale solvers and systematic upscaling in computational physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brandt, A.

2005-07-01

Multiscale algorithms can overcome the scale-born bottlenecks that plague most computations in physics. These algorithms employ separate processing at each scale of the physical space, combined with interscale iterative interactions, in ways which use finer scales very sparingly. Having been developed first and well known as multigrid solvers for partial differential equations, highly efficient multiscale techniques have more recently been developed for many other types of computational tasks, including: inverse PDE problems; highly indefinite (e.g., standing wave) equations; Dirac equations in disordered gauge fields; fast computation and updating of large determinants (as needed in QCD); fast integral transforms; integral equations; astrophysics; molecular dynamics of macromolecules and fluids; many-atom electronic structures; global and discrete-state optimization; practical graph problems; image segmentation and recognition; tomography (medical imaging); fast Monte-Carlo sampling in statistical physics; and general, systematic methods of upscaling (accurate numerical derivation of large-scale equations from microscopic laws).

Nonholonomic relativistic diffusion and exact solutions for stochastic Einstein spaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vacaru, S. I.

2012-03-01

We develop an approach to the theory of nonholonomic relativistic stochastic processes in curved spaces. The Itô and Stratonovich calculus are formulated for spaces with conventional horizontal (holonomic) and vertical (nonholonomic) splitting defined by nonlinear connection structures. Geometric models of the relativistic diffusion theory are elaborated for nonholonomic (pseudo) Riemannian manifolds and phase velocity spaces. Applying the anholonomic deformation method, the field equations in Einstein's gravity and various modifications are formally integrated in general forms, with generic off-diagonal metrics depending on some classes of generating and integration functions. Choosing random generating functions we can construct various classes of stochastic Einstein manifolds. We show how stochastic gravitational interactions with mixed holonomic/nonholonomic and random variables can be modelled in explicit form and study their main geometric and stochastic properties. Finally, the conditions when non-random classical gravitational processes transform into stochastic ones and inversely are analyzed.

Standardization of Schwarz-Christoffel transformation for engineering design of semiconductor and hybrid integrated-circuit elements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yashin, A. A.

1985-04-01

A semiconductor or hybrid structure into a calculable two-dimensional region mapped by the Schwarz-Christoffel transformation and a universal algorithm can be constructed on the basis of Maxwell's electro-magnetic-thermal similarity principle for engineering design of integrated-circuit elements. The design procedure involves conformal mapping of the original region into a polygon and then the latter into a rectangle with uniform field distribution, where conductances and capacitances are calculated, using tabulated standard mapping functions. Subsequent synthesis of a device requires inverse conformal mapping. Devices adaptable as integrated-circuit elements are high-resistance film resistors with periodic serration, distributed-resistance film attenuators with high transformation ratio, coplanar microstrip lines, bipolar transistors, directional couplers with distributed coupling to microstrip lines for microwave bulk devices, and quasirregular smooth matching transitions from asymmetric to coplanar microstrip lines.

Nucleases Encoded by Integrated Elements CJIE2 and CJIE4 Inhibit Natural Transformation of Campylobacter jejuni

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The species Campylobacter jejuni displays huge genetic diversity, and is naturally competent for DNA uptake. Nevertheless, not every strain is able to acquire foreign DNA since nonnaturally transformable strains do exist. Previously we showed that many nonnaturally transformable C. jejuni strains ex...

Social Transformation, Lifelong Learning, and the Fourth Force--Transpersonal Psychology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boucouvalas, Marcie

1983-01-01

Discusses social transformation--restructuring the social order from an industrial to an information society--and the role of lifelong learning in that transformation. Relates transpersonal psychology, the development of a unified, integrated self capable of transcending the narrow confines of culture and perceiving the unity and interrelatedness…

Evolutionary development of the neurocranium in Dissorophoidea (Tetrapoda: Temnospondyli), an integrative approach.

PubMed

Maddin, Hillary C; Reisz, Robert R; Anderson, Jason S

2010-01-01

Ontogenetic data can play a prominent role in addressing questions in tetrapod evolution, but such evidence from the fossil record is often incompletely considered because it is limited to initiation of ossification, or allometric changes with increasing size. In the present study, specimens of a new species of an archaic amphibian (280 Myr old), Acheloma n. sp., a member of the temnospondyl superfamily Dissorophoidea and the sister group to Amphibamidae, which is thought to include at least two of our modern amphibian clades, anurans and caudatans (Batrachia), provides us with new developmental data. We identify five ontogenetic events, enabling us to construct a partial ontogenetic trajectory (integration of developmental and transformation sequence data) related to the relative timing of completion of neurocranial structures. Comparison of the adult amphibamid morphology with this partial ontogeny identifies a heterochronic event that occurred within the neurocranium at some point in time between the two taxa, which is consistent with the predictions of miniaturization in amphibamids, providing the first insights into the influence of miniaturization on the neurocranium in a fossil tetrapod group. This study refines hypotheses of large-scale evolutionary trends within Dissorophoidea that may have facilitated the radiation of amphibamids and, projected forward, the origin of the generalized batrachian skull. Most importantly, this study highlights the importance of integrating developmental and transformation sequence data, instead of onset of ossification alone, into investigations of major events in tetrapod evolution using evidence provided by the fossil record, and highlights the value of even highly incomplete growth series comprised of relatively late-stage individuals.

T-DNA transfer and integration in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Suillus bovinus using hygromycin B as a selectable marker.

PubMed

Hanif, Mubashir; Pardo, Alejandro Guillermo; Gorfer, Markus; Raudaskoski, Marjatta

2002-06-01

The T-DNA of Agrobacterium tumefaciens can be transferred to plants, yeasts, fungi and human cells. Using this system, dikaryotic mycelium of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Suillus bovinus was transformed with recombinant hygromycin B phosphotransferase (hph)and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) genes fused with a heterologous fungal promoter and CaMV35S terminator. Transformation resulted in hygromycin B-resistant clones, which were mitotically stable. Putative transformants were analysed for the presence of hph and EGFP genes by PCR and Southern analysis. The latter analysis proved both multiple- and single-copy integrations of the genes in the S. bovinus genome. A. tumeficiens transformation should make possible the development of tagged mutagenesis and targeted gene disruption technology for S. bovinus.

Transformational and transactional leadership: a meta-analytic test of their relative validity.

PubMed

Judge, Timothy A; Piccolo, Ronald F

2004-10-01

This study provided a comprehensive examination of the full range of transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership. Results (based on 626 correlations from 87 sources) revealed an overall validity of .44 for transformational leadership, and this validity generalized over longitudinal and multisource designs. Contingent reward (.39) and laissez-faire (-.37) leadership had the next highest overall relations; management by exception (active and passive) was inconsistently related to the criteria. Surprisingly, there were several criteria for which contingent reward leadership had stronger relations than did transformational leadership. Furthermore, transformational leadership was strongly correlated with contingent reward (.80) and laissez-faire (-.65) leadership. Transformational and contingent reward leadership generally predicted criteria controlling for the other leadership dimensions, although transformational leadership failed to predict leader job performance. (c) 2004 APA, all rights reserved

Discrete cosine and sine transforms generalized to honeycomb lattice

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hrivnák, Jiří; Motlochová, Lenka

2018-06-01

The discrete cosine and sine transforms are generalized to a triangular fragment of the honeycomb lattice. The honeycomb point sets are constructed by subtracting the root lattice from the weight lattice points of the crystallographic root system A2. The two-variable orbit functions of the Weyl group of A2, discretized simultaneously on the weight and root lattices, induce a novel parametric family of extended Weyl orbit functions. The periodicity and von Neumann and Dirichlet boundary properties of the extended Weyl orbit functions are detailed. Three types of discrete complex Fourier-Weyl transforms and real-valued Hartley-Weyl transforms are described. Unitary transform matrices and interpolating behavior of the discrete transforms are exemplified. Consequences of the developed discrete transforms for transversal eigenvibrations of the mechanical graphene model are discussed.

The Karhunen-Loeve, discrete cosine, and related transforms obtained via the Hadamard transform. [for data compression

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jones, H. W.; Hein, D. N.; Knauer, S. C.

1978-01-01

A general class of even/odd transforms is presented that includes the Karhunen-Loeve transform, the discrete cosine transform, the Walsh-Hadamard transform, and other familiar transforms. The more complex even/odd transforms can be computed by combining a simpler even/odd transform with a sparse matrix multiplication. A theoretical performance measure is computed for some even/odd transforms, and two image compression experiments are reported.

How has Radical Right Support Transformed Established Political Conflicts? The Case of Austria

PubMed Central

Aichholzer, Julian; Kritzinger, Sylvia; Wagner, Markus; Zeglovits, Eva

2014-01-01

In many European party systems, the radical right has challenged established patterns of political competition. This article studies the consequences of this by using the case of the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) and data from Austria’s first national election study (AUTNES). It is found that the FPÖ has weakened Austria’s previously highly stable system of socio-structural and ideological divisions as expressed by the two mainstream parties, the People’s Party and the Social Democrats. In socio-structural terms, the FPÖ has undermined the Social Democrats’ support base. In ideological terms, FPÖ voters have distinct views on newer issues such as immigration, European integration and dissatisfaction with the political system, but its supporters’ views on Austria’s traditional conflicts surrounding the economy and social and religious values cannot explain the party’s success. These findings further our understanding of the transformation of political conflicts not just in Austria, but in Western Europe in general. PMID:26770003

Dependability modeling and assessment in UML-based software development.

PubMed

Bernardi, Simona; Merseguer, José; Petriu, Dorina C

2012-01-01

Assessment of software nonfunctional properties (NFP) is an important problem in software development. In the context of model-driven development, an emerging approach for the analysis of different NFPs consists of the following steps: (a) to extend the software models with annotations describing the NFP of interest; (b) to transform automatically the annotated software model to the formalism chosen for NFP analysis; (c) to analyze the formal model using existing solvers; (d) to assess the software based on the results and give feedback to designers. Such a modeling→analysis→assessment approach can be applied to any software modeling language, be it general purpose or domain specific. In this paper, we focus on UML-based development and on the dependability NFP, which encompasses reliability, availability, safety, integrity, and maintainability. The paper presents the profile used to extend UML with dependability information, the model transformation to generate a DSPN formal model, and the assessment of the system properties based on the DSPN results.

Optimal reorientation of asymmetric underactuated spacecraft using differential flatness and receding horizon control

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cai, Wei-wei; Yang, Le-ping; Zhu, Yan-wei

2015-01-01

This paper presents a novel method integrating nominal trajectory optimization and tracking for the reorientation control of an underactuated spacecraft with only two available control torque inputs. By employing a pseudo input along the uncontrolled axis, the flatness property of a general underactuated spacecraft is extended explicitly, by which the reorientation trajectory optimization problem is formulated into the flat output space with all the differential constraints eliminated. Ultimately, the flat output optimization problem is transformed into a nonlinear programming problem via the Chebyshev pseudospectral method, which is improved by the conformal map and barycentric rational interpolation techniques to overcome the side effects of the differential matrix's ill-conditions on numerical accuracy. Treating the trajectory tracking control as a state regulation problem, we develop a robust closed-loop tracking control law using the receding-horizon control method, and compute the feedback control at each control cycle rapidly via the differential transformation method. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed control scheme is feasible and effective for the reorientation maneuver.

Supersymmetric Casimir energy and SL(3,Z) transformations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brünner, Frederic; Regalado, Diego; Spiridonov, Vyacheslav P.

2017-07-01

We provide a recipe to extract the supersymmetric Casimir energy of theories defined on primary Hopf surfaces directly from the superconformal index. It involves an SL(3,Z) transformation acting on the complex structure moduli of the background geometry. In particular, the known relation between Casimir energy, index and partition function emerges naturally from this framework, allowing rewriting of the latter as a modified elliptic hypergeometric integral. We show this explicitly for N=1 SQCD and N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory for all classical gauge groups, and conjecture that it holds more generally. We also use our method to derive an expression for the Casimir energy of the nonlagrangian N=2 SCFT with E6 flavour symmetry. Furthermore, we predict an expression for Casimir energy of the N=1 SP(2N) theory with SU(8) × U(1) flavour symmetry that is part of a multiple duality network, and for the doubled N=1 theory with enhanced E7 flavour symmetry.

Integration of sexual trauma in a religious narrative: Transformation, resolution and growth among contemplative nuns

PubMed Central

Littlewood, Roland; Leavey, Gerard

2013-01-01

The psychological consequences of sexual abuse are generally serious and enduring, particularly when the perpetrator is known and trusted by the survivor. This paper explores the experiences of five contemplative nuns who were sexually abused by priests and the spiritual journeys that followed. In the context of an ethnographic study of contemplative practice, participant observation and in-depth interviews were used to examine the ways that the nuns sought to make sense of their experiences through a long process of solitary introspection. The pursuit of meaning was shaped by religious beliefs relating to forgiveness, sacrifice, and salvation. Thus, trauma was transformed into a symbolic religious narrative that shaped their sense of identity. They were able to restructure core beliefs and to manage their current relationships with priests more securely. They described regaining their spiritual well-being in ways that suggest a form of posttraumatic spiritual growth. We conclude by discussing the findings in the light of the existing literature on the interaction of trauma and spirituality. PMID:23296289

Dependability Modeling and Assessment in UML-Based Software Development

PubMed Central

Bernardi, Simona; Merseguer, José; Petriu, Dorina C.

2012-01-01

Assessment of software nonfunctional properties (NFP) is an important problem in software development. In the context of model-driven development, an emerging approach for the analysis of different NFPs consists of the following steps: (a) to extend the software models with annotations describing the NFP of interest; (b) to transform automatically the annotated software model to the formalism chosen for NFP analysis; (c) to analyze the formal model using existing solvers; (d) to assess the software based on the results and give feedback to designers. Such a modeling→analysis→assessment approach can be applied to any software modeling language, be it general purpose or domain specific. In this paper, we focus on UML-based development and on the dependability NFP, which encompasses reliability, availability, safety, integrity, and maintainability. The paper presents the profile used to extend UML with dependability information, the model transformation to generate a DSPN formal model, and the assessment of the system properties based on the DSPN results. PMID:22988428

Reduction by symmetries in singular quantum-mechanical problems: General scheme and application to Aharonov-Bohm model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Smirnov, A. G., E-mail: smirnov@lpi.ru

2015-12-15

We develop a general technique for finding self-adjoint extensions of a symmetric operator that respects a given set of its symmetries. Problems of this type naturally arise when considering two- and three-dimensional Schrödinger operators with singular potentials. The approach is based on constructing a unitary transformation diagonalizing the symmetries and reducing the initial operator to the direct integral of a suitable family of partial operators. We prove that symmetry preserving self-adjoint extensions of the initial operator are in a one-to-one correspondence with measurable families of self-adjoint extensions of partial operators obtained by reduction. The general scheme is applied to themore » three-dimensional Aharonov-Bohm Hamiltonian describing the electron in the magnetic field of an infinitely thin solenoid. We construct all self-adjoint extensions of this Hamiltonian, invariant under translations along the solenoid and rotations around it, and explicitly find their eigenfunction expansions.« less

A transformed path integral approach for solution of the Fokker-Planck equation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Subramaniam, Gnana M.; Vedula, Prakash

2017-10-01

A novel path integral (PI) based method for solution of the Fokker-Planck equation is presented. The proposed method, termed the transformed path integral (TPI) method, utilizes a new formulation for the underlying short-time propagator to perform the evolution of the probability density function (PDF) in a transformed computational domain where a more accurate representation of the PDF can be ensured. The new formulation, based on a dynamic transformation of the original state space with the statistics of the PDF as parameters, preserves the non-negativity of the PDF and incorporates short-time properties of the underlying stochastic process. New update equations for the state PDF in a transformed space and the parameters of the transformation (including mean and covariance) that better accommodate nonlinearities in drift and non-Gaussian behavior in distributions are proposed (based on properties of the SDE). Owing to the choice of transformation considered, the proposed method maps a fixed grid in transformed space to a dynamically adaptive grid in the original state space. The TPI method, in contrast to conventional methods such as Monte Carlo simulations and fixed grid approaches, is able to better represent the distributions (especially the tail information) and better address challenges in processes with large diffusion, large drift and large concentration of PDF. Additionally, in the proposed TPI method, error bounds on the probability in the computational domain can be obtained using the Chebyshev's inequality. The benefits of the TPI method over conventional methods are illustrated through simulations of linear and nonlinear drift processes in one-dimensional and multidimensional state spaces. The effects of spatial and temporal grid resolutions as well as that of the diffusion coefficient on the error in the PDF are also characterized.

An improved ternary vector system for Agrobacterium-mediated rapid maize transformation.

PubMed

Anand, Ajith; Bass, Steven H; Wu, Emily; Wang, Ning; McBride, Kevin E; Annaluru, Narayana; Miller, Michael; Hua, Mo; Jones, Todd J

2018-05-01

A simple and versatile ternary vector system that utilizes improved accessory plasmids for rapid maize transformation is described. This system facilitates high-throughput vector construction and plant transformation. The super binary plasmid pSB1 is a mainstay of maize transformation. However, the large size of the base vector makes it challenging to clone, the process of co-integration is cumbersome and inefficient, and some Agrobacterium strains are known to give rise to spontaneous mutants resistant to tetracycline. These limitations present substantial barriers to high throughput vector construction. Here we describe a smaller, simpler and versatile ternary vector system for maize transformation that utilizes improved accessory plasmids requiring no co-integration step. In addition, the newly described accessory plasmids have restored virulence genes found to be defective in pSB1, as well as added virulence genes. Testing of different configurations of the accessory plasmids in combination with T-DNA binary vector as ternary vectors nearly doubles both the raw transformation frequency and the number of transformation events of usable quality in difficult-to-transform maize inbreds. The newly described ternary vectors enabled the development of a rapid maize transformation method for elite inbreds. This vector system facilitated screening different origins of replication on the accessory plasmid and T-DNA vector, and four combinations were identified that have high (86-103%) raw transformation frequency in an elite maize inbred.

46 CFR 111.20-15 - Protection of transformers against overcurrent.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Protection of transformers against overcurrent. 111.20... ENGINEERING ELECTRIC SYSTEMS-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Transformer Construction, Installation, and Protection § 111.20-15 Protection of transformers against overcurrent. Each transformer must have protection against...

46 CFR 111.20-15 - Protection of transformers against overcurrent.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Protection of transformers against overcurrent. 111.20... ENGINEERING ELECTRIC SYSTEMS-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Transformer Construction, Installation, and Protection § 111.20-15 Protection of transformers against overcurrent. Each transformer must have protection against...

46 CFR 111.20-15 - Protection of transformers against overcurrent.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Protection of transformers against overcurrent. 111.20... ENGINEERING ELECTRIC SYSTEMS-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Transformer Construction, Installation, and Protection § 111.20-15 Protection of transformers against overcurrent. Each transformer must have protection against...

46 CFR 111.20-15 - Protection of transformers against overcurrent.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Protection of transformers against overcurrent. 111.20... ENGINEERING ELECTRIC SYSTEMS-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Transformer Construction, Installation, and Protection § 111.20-15 Protection of transformers against overcurrent. Each transformer must have protection against...

46 CFR 111.20-15 - Protection of transformers against overcurrent.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Protection of transformers against overcurrent. 111.20... ENGINEERING ELECTRIC SYSTEMS-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Transformer Construction, Installation, and Protection § 111.20-15 Protection of transformers against overcurrent. Each transformer must have protection against...

The Norrtaelje model: a unique model for integrated health and social care in Sweden.

PubMed

Bäck, Monica Andersson; Calltorp, Johan

2015-01-01

Many countries organise and fund health and social care separately. The Norrtaelje model is a Swedish initiative that transformed the funding and organisation of health and social care in order to better integrate care for older people with complex needs. In Norrtaelje model, this transformation made it possible to bringing the team together, to transfer responsibility to different providers, to use care coordinators, and to develop integrated pathways and plans around transitions in and out of hospital and from nursing homes to hospital. The Norrtaelje model operates in the context of the Swedish commitment to universal coverage and public programmes based on tax-funded resources that are pooled and redistributed to citizens on the basis of need. The experience of Norrtaelje model suggests that one way to promote integration of health and social care is to start with a transformation that aligns these two sectors in terms of high level organisation and funding. This transformation then enables the changes in operations and management that can be translated into changes in care delivery. This "top-down" approach must be in-line with national priorities and policies but ultimately is successful only if the culture, resource allocation and management are changed throughout the local system.

FIBER AND INTEGRATED OPTICS: Optical anisotropy induced in a round trip through single-mode optical waveguides and methods for suppression of this anisotropy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gelikonov, V. M.; Leonov, V. I.; Novikov, M. A.

1989-09-01

An analysis is made of the characteristics of the transformation of the polarization of light in the course of a round trip in a single-mode fiber waveguide. The Poincaré equivalence theorems are generalized for a round trip through such fibers. An investigation is reported of round-trip anisotropic properties which can be used to compensate for a regular and an irregular anisotropy of a fiber waveguide. A description is given of a compensation system containing a Faraday cell and an experimental check of the theoretical conclusions is reported.

Shape invariant potentials in higher dimensions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sandhya, R., E-mail: saudhamini@yahoo.com; Sree Ranjani, S., E-mail: s.sreeranjani@gmail.com; Faculty of Science and Technology, ICFAI foundation for Higher Education,

2015-08-15

In this paper we investigate the shape invariance property of a potential in one dimension. We show that a simple ansatz allows us to reconstruct all the known shape invariant potentials in one dimension. This ansatz can be easily extended to arrive at a large class of new shape invariant potentials in arbitrary dimensions. A reformulation of the shape invariance property and possible generalizations are proposed. These may lead to an important extension of the shape invariance property to Hamiltonians that are related to standard potential problems via space time transformations, which are found useful in path integral formulation ofmore » quantum mechanics.« less

One- and two-center ETF-integrals of first order in relativistic calculation of NMR parameters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Slevinsky, R. M.; Temga, T.; Mouattamid, M.; Safouhi, H.

2010-06-01

The present work focuses on the analytical and numerical developments of first-order integrals involved in the relativistic calculation of the shielding tensor using exponential-type functions as a basis set of atomic orbitals. For the analytical development, we use the Fourier integral transformation and practical properties of spherical harmonics and the Rayleigh expansion of the plane wavefunctions. The Fourier transforms of the operators were derived in previous work and they are used for analytical development. In both the one- and two-center integrals, Cauchy's residue theorem is used in the final developments of the analytical expressions, which are shown to be accurate to machine precision.

Biomolecular surface construction by PDE transform.

PubMed

Zheng, Qiong; Yang, Siyang; Wei, Guo-Wei

2012-03-01

This work proposes a new framework for the surface generation based on the partial differential equation (PDE) transform. The PDE transform has recently been introduced as a general approach for the mode decomposition of images, signals, and data. It relies on the use of arbitrarily high-order PDEs to achieve the time-frequency localization, control the spectral distribution, and regulate the spatial resolution. The present work provides a new variational derivation of high-order PDE transforms. The fast Fourier transform is utilized to accomplish the PDE transform so as to avoid stringent stability constraints in solving high-order PDEs. As a consequence, the time integration of high-order PDEs can be done efficiently with the fast Fourier transform. The present approach is validated with a variety of test examples in two-dimensional and three-dimensional settings. We explore the impact of the PDE transform parameters, such as the PDE order and propagation time, on the quality of resulting surfaces. Additionally, we utilize a set of 10 proteins to compare the computational efficiency of the present surface generation method and a standard approach in Cartesian meshes. Moreover, we analyze the present method by examining some benchmark indicators of biomolecular surface, that is, surface area, surface-enclosed volume, solvation free energy, and surface electrostatic potential. A test set of 13 protein molecules is used in the present investigation. The electrostatic analysis is carried out via the Poisson-Boltzmann equation model. To further demonstrate the utility of the present PDE transform-based surface method, we solve the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations with a PDE transform surface of a protein. Second-order convergence is observed for the electrostatic potential and concentrations. Finally, to test the capability and efficiency of the present PDE transform-based surface generation method, we apply it to the construction of an excessively large biomolecule, a virus surface capsid. Virus surface morphologies of different resolutions are attained by adjusting the propagation time. Therefore, the present PDE transform provides a multiresolution analysis in the surface visualization. Extensive numerical experiment and comparison with an established surface model indicate that the present PDE transform is a robust, stable, and efficient approach for biomolecular surface generation in Cartesian meshes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Solitons, τ-functions and hamiltonian reduction for non-Abelian conformal affine Toda theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ferreira, L. A.; Miramontes, J. Luis; Guillén, Joaquín Sánchez

1995-02-01

We consider the Hamiltonian reduction of the "two-loop" Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model (WZNW) based on an untwisted affine Kac-Moody algebra G. The resulting reduced models, called Generalized Non-Abelian Conformal Affine Toda (G-CAT), are conformally invariant and a wide class of them possesses soliton solutions; these models constitute non-Abelian generalizations of the conformal affine Toda models. Their general solution is constructed by the Leznov-Saveliev method. Moreover, the dressing transformations leading to the solutions in the orbit of the vacuum are considered in detail, as well as the τ-functions, which are defined for any integrable highest weight representation of G, irrespectively of its particular realization. When the conformal symmetry is spontaneously broken, the G-CAT model becomes a generalized affine Toda model, whose soliton solutions are constructed. Their masses are obtained exploring the spontaneous breakdown of the conformal symmetry, and their relation to the fundamental particle masses is discussed. We also introduce what we call the two-loop Virasoro algebra, describing extended symmetries of the two-loop WZNW models.

The Green's functions for peridynamic non-local diffusion.

PubMed

Wang, L J; Xu, J F; Wang, J X

2016-09-01

In this work, we develop the Green's function method for the solution of the peridynamic non-local diffusion model in which the spatial gradient of the generalized potential in the classical theory is replaced by an integral of a generalized response function in a horizon. We first show that the general solutions of the peridynamic non-local diffusion model can be expressed as functionals of the corresponding Green's functions for point sources, along with volume constraints for non-local diffusion. Then, we obtain the Green's functions by the Fourier transform method for unsteady and steady diffusions in infinite domains. We also demonstrate that the peridynamic non-local solutions converge to the classical differential solutions when the non-local length approaches zero. Finally, the peridynamic analytical solutions are applied to an infinite plate heated by a Gauss source, and the predicted variations of temperature are compared with the classical local solutions. The peridynamic non-local diffusion model predicts a lower rate of variation of the field quantities than that of the classical theory, which is consistent with experimental observations. The developed method is applicable to general diffusion-type problems.

PREFACE Integrability and nonlinear phenomena Integrability and nonlinear phenomena

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gómez-Ullate, David; Lombardo, Sara; Mañas, Manuel; Mazzocco, Marta; Nijhoff, Frank; Sommacal, Matteo

2010-10-01

Back in 1967, Clifford Gardner, John Greene, Martin Kruskal and Robert Miura published a seminal paper in Physical Review Letters which was to become a cornerstone in the theory of integrable systems. In 2006, the authors of this paper received the AMS Steele Prize. In this award the AMS pointed out that `In applications of mathematics, solitons and their descendants (kinks, anti-kinks, instantons, and breathers) have entered and changed such diverse fields as nonlinear optics, plasma physics, and ocean, atmospheric, and planetary sciences. Nonlinearity has undergone a revolution: from a nuisance to be eliminated, to a new tool to be exploited.' From this discovery the modern theory of integrability bloomed, leading scientists to a deep understanding of many nonlinear phenomena which is by no means reachable by perturbation methods or other previous tools from linear theories. Nonlinear phenomena appear everywhere in nature, their description and understanding is therefore of great interest both from the theoretical and applicative point of view. If a nonlinear phenomenon can be represented by an integrable system then we have at our disposal a variety of tools to achieve a better mathematical description of the phenomenon. This special issue is largely dedicated to investigations of nonlinear phenomena which are related to the concept of integrability, either involving integrable systems themselves or because they use techniques from the theory of integrability. The idea of this special issue originated during the 18th edition of the Nonlinear Evolution Equations and Dynamical Systems (NEEDS) workshop, held at Isola Rossa, Sardinia, Italy, 16-23 May 2009 (http://needs-conferences.net/2009/). The issue benefits from the occasion offered by the meeting, in particular by its mini-workshops programme, and contains invited review papers and contributed papers. It is worth pointing out that there was an open call for papers and all contributions were peer reviewed according to the standards of the journal. The selection of papers in this issue aims to bring together recent developments and findings, even though it consists of only a fraction of the impressive developments in recent years which have affected a broad range of fields, including the theory of special functions, quantum integrable systems, numerical analysis, cellular automata, representations of quantum groups, symmetries of difference equations, discrete geometry, among others. The special issue begins with four review papers: Integrable models in nonlinear optics and soliton solutions Degasperis [1] reviews integrable models in nonlinear optics. He presents a number of approximate models which are integrable and illustrates the links between the mathematical and applicative aspects of the theory of integrable dynamical systems. In particular he discusses the recent impact of boomeronic-type wave equations on applications arising in the context of the resonant interaction of three waves. Hamiltonian PDEs: deformations, integrability, solutions Dubrovin [2] presents classification results for systems of nonlinear Hamiltonian partial differential equations (PDEs) in one spatial dimension. In particular he uses a perturbative approach to the theory of integrability of these systems and discusses their solutions. He conjectures universality of the critical behaviour for the solutions, where the notion of universality refers to asymptotic independence of the structure of solutions (at the point of gradient catastrophe) from the choice of generic initial data as well as from the choice of a generic PDE. KP solitons in shallow water Kodama [3] presents a survey of recent studies on soliton solutions of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation. A large variety of exact soliton solutions of the KP equation are presented and classified. The study includes numerical analysis of the stability of the found solution as well as numerical simulations of the initial value problems which indicate that a certain class of initial waves approach asymptotically these exact solutions of the KP equation. The author discusses an application of the theory to the problem of the resonant interaction of solitary waves appearing in the reflection of an obliquely incident wave onto a vertical wall, known as the Mach reflection problem in shallow water. A beautiful explanation of the problem was presented in a swimming pool experiment during NEEDS 2009. Smooth and peaked solitons of the CH equation Holm and Ivanov [4] discuss the relations between smooth and peaked soliton solutions for the Camassa-Holm (CH) shallow water wave equation in one spatial dimension. They first present the derivation of the soliton solution for the CH equation by means of inverse scattering transform (IST); the solution is obtained in a form that admits the peakon limit. The canonical Hamiltonian formulation of the CH equation in action-angle variables is recovered using the scattering data. The authors review some of the geometric properties of the CH equation and conclude their review with the higher dimensional generalization of the dispersionless CH equation, known as EPDiff. They also consider the possible extensions of their approach in three open problems. Regular contributions to this issue cover a wide range of topics related to integrable systems. Let us briefly illustrate some of the topics covered by this issue. One of the main topics is the study of hierarchies of integrable equations. The multifaceted idea of integrability of a particular PDE includes an approach whose aim is to find an infinite set of independent conserved quantities, much in the spirit of Liouville integrability in classical mechanics. The existence of these conserved quantities in involution, or of the corresponding infinite set of commuting symmetries, leads to an infinite set of commuting flows; i.e., to the construction of a hierarchy of compatible PDEs with respect to an infinite set of times. Obviously one can generalize or adapt this construction to different settings like the integro-differential, discrete or super-symmetric ones. The emphasis is usually to find auxiliary linear systems defining an infinite set of linear commuting flows whose solutions, if some asymptotic conditions are imposed, are named wave or Baker-Akhiezer functions. These linear flows determine the so called Lax equations, another infinite set of commuting equations whose compatibility leads to the so called Zakharov-Shabat system. An alternative description of the hierarchies is achieved with the use of the bilinear equations directly linked with the tau-function description of the hierarchy. There are two paradigmatic integrable hierarchies, namely the KP and 2-dimensional Toda lattice (2DTL). These hierarchies are treated within this volume in three contributions. In particular, Takasaki [5] reconsiders the extended Toda hierarchy of Carlet, Dubrovin and Zhang in the light of Ogawa's 2 + 1D extension of the 1D Toda hierarchy. It turns out that the former may be thought of as some sort of dimensional reduction of the latter. This explains the structure of the bilinear formalism proposed by Milanov. Carlet and Manas [6] study the 2-component KP and 2D Toda hierarchies and solve explicitly several implicit constraints present in the usual Lax formulation of the hierarchy, thus identifying a set of free dependent variables for such hierarchies. Finally, the KP hierarchy is considered in the paper by Lin et al [7], which explores the extended flows of a q-deformed modified KP hierarchy leading to the introduction of self-consistent sources. By a combination of the dressing method and the method of variation of constants, the authors are able through a dressing approach to find a scheme for the construction of solutions of the corresponding integrable equations with self-consistent sources. The study of dispersionless integrable hierarchies is an active field of research, and this special issue includes two papers devoted to the subject. Konopelchenko et al [8] describe critical and degenerate critical points of a scalar function which obeys the Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation in terms of the hodograph solutions of the dispersionless coupled Korteweg-de Vries hierarchies. Finally, Bogdanov [9] considers 2-component integrable generalizations of the dispersionless 2D Toda lattice hierarchy connected with non-Hamiltonian vector fields, similar to the Manakov-Santini hierarchy generalizing the dKP hierarchy. He presents the simplest 2-component generalization of the dispersionless 2DTL equation, being its differential reduction analogous to the Dunajski interpolating system. Some papers in the issue are concerned with methods to construct solutions of integrable systems, while others place more emphasis on studying properties of specific solutions of applicative interest. Among the first approach, the paper by Kaup and van Gorder [10] describes perturbation theory applied to the Inverse Scattering Transform in 3x eigenvalue problems of Zakharov-Shabat's type. Schiebold [11] studies a projection method to construct solutions of the Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur (AKNS) system, which enables her to write explicit N-soliton solutions in closed form. An example of the second kind is the paper by Biondini and Wang [12], who study in detail the behaviour of line soliton solutions of the 2DTL, describing their directions and amplitudes and also the richness of their interactions, which include resonant soliton interactions and web structure. An important field of study in integrable systems relates to the singularity structure of the solutions to nonlinear equations. When all movable singularities are poles, the system is said to have the Painleve property. The solutions may be multivalued but they can be analytically continued to meromorphic functions on the universal cover of the punctured Riemann sphere (the punctures being the fixed singularities) and the spectral curve is an affine algebraic curve. Benes and Previato [13] study the connection between the Painleve property and algebras of differential operators, extending an approach initiated by Flaschka. Solutions to some integrable systems can be constructed in terms of analytic objects associated to a spectral algebraic curve. It is therefore of interest to study the Riemann surfaces of algebraic functions, a program illustrated in the paper by Braden and Northover [14], who have implemented some algorithms for this purpose in a popular symbolic computation software. In the paper by Zhilinski [15], the critical points of the energy momentum map in classical Hamiltonian problems with nontrivial monodromy are shown to form regular lattices. The quantum mechanical counterpart has similar lattices for the joint spectrum of the commuting observables. Some examples are given in which these points form special geometric patterns. Claeys [16] uses analytic techniques and Riemann-Hilbert problems to study the asymptotic behaviour when x and t tend to infinity of a solution to the second member of the Painleve I hierarchy, which arises in multicritical string model theory and random matrix theory. This solution is conjectured to describe the universal asymptotics for Hamiltonian perturbations of hyperbolic equations near the point of gradient catastrophe for the unperturbed equation. Darboux and Backlund transformations were born more than a century ago in the context of the geometric theory of surfaces. In the past few decades they have become a useful element in the theory of integrability, with applications in different guises. Typically, they appear in dressing methods that show how to construct new interesting solutions from known simple ones. A few of the contributed papers to the issue make use of these transformations as one of their fundamental objects. Liu et al [17] use iterated Darboux transformations to construct compact representations of the multi-soliton solutions to the derivative nonlinear Schroedinger (DNLS) equation. Ragnisco and Zullo [18] construct Backlund transformations for the trigonometric classical Gaudin magnet in the partially anisotropic (xxz) case, identifying the subcase of transformations that preserve the real character of the variables. The recently discovered exceptional polynomials are complete polynomial systems that satisfy Sturm-Liouville problems but differ from the classical families of Hermite, Laguerre and Jacobi. Gomez-Ullate et al [19] prove that the families of exceptional orthogonal polynomials known to date can be obtained from the classical ones via a Darboux transformation, which becomes a useful tool to derive some of their properties. Integrability in the context of classical mechanics is associated to the existence of a sufficient number of conserved quantities, which allows sometimes an explicit integration of the equations of motion. This is the case for the motion of the Chaplygin sleigh, a rigid body motion on a fluid with nonholonomic constraints studied in the paper by Fedorov and Garcia-Naranjo [20], who derive explicit solutions and study their asymptotic behaviour. In connection with classical mechanics, some techniques of KAM theory have been used by Procesi [21] to derive normal forms for the NLS equation in its Hamiltonian formulation and prove existence and stability of quasi-periodic solutions in the case of periodic boundary conditions. Algebraic and group theoretic aspects of integrability are covered in a number of papers in the issue. The quest for symmetries of a system of differential equations usually allows us to reduce the order or the number of equations or to find special solutions possesing that symmetry, but algebraic aspects of integrable systems encompass a wide and rich spectrum of techniques, as evidenced by the following contributions. Muriel and Romero [22] perform a systematic study of all second order nonlinear ODEs that are linearizable by generalized Sundman and point transformations, showing that the two classes are inequivalent and providing an explicit characterization thereof. Lie algebras are also prominent in the work of Gerdjikov et al [23], where a class of integrable PDEs associated to symmetric spaces is studied in detail. In their approach, systems of nonlinear integrable PDEs are obtained as reductions of generic integrable systems corresponding to Lax operators with matrix coefficients. The reduction here is carried out using a reduction group which reflects symmetries of the Lax operator. These symmetries allow also a characterization of the corresponding Riemann-Hilbert data. Habibullin [24] employs algebraic techniques to study discrete chains of differential-difference equations that are Darboux integrable, i.e. that admit a certain number of nontrivial first integrals. Musso [25] provides a unified algebraic framework for the rational, trigonometric and elliptic Gaudin models. The results are achieved using a generalization of the Gaudin algebras and of the so-called coproduct method. Odesskii and Sokolov [26] present a classification of all infinite (1+1)-dimensional hydrodynamic-type chains of shift one. They establish a one-to-one correspondence between integrable chains and infinite triangular Gibbons-Tsarev (GT) systems and thus reduce the classification problem to a description of all GT-systems. In Korff's paper [27] we find a study of various algebraic and combinatorial structures that emerge in the statistical vertex model with infinite spin, an integrable model associated to a certain quantum affine algebra. In the crystal limit, this model is connected with the WZNW model in conformal field theory. The motivation for some of the submitted contributions arises also from field theories in theoretical physics. Ferreira et al [28] construct soliton solutions with non-zero topological charges to the Skyrme-Faddeev model in Yang-Mills theory. Using techniques of differential geometry and complex analysis, Manton and Rink [29] explore vortex solutions on hyperbolic surfaces extending an approach by Witten. These solutions can be interpreted as self-dual SU(2) Yang-Mills fields on R4. Shah and Woodhouse [30] use the Penrose-Ward correspondence from twistor theory to relate generalized anti self-duality equations to certain isomonodromic problems whose solutions are expressed in terms of generalized hypergeometric functions. Applications of integrable systems and nonlinear phenomena in other fields are also present in some of the papers. Kanna et al [31] study the collision of soliton solutions to coherently coupled NLS equations using a variant of the Hirota bilinearization method. Their results have applications in pulse shaping in nonlinear optics. Calogero et al [32] present examples of systems of ODEs with quadratic nonlinearities that could describe rate equations in chemical dynamics. They derive explicit conditions on the parameters of the problem for which the solutions are periodic and isochronous. Ablowitz and Haut [33] study the motion of large amplitude water waves with surface tension using asymptotic expansions and providing a comparison with experimental results. This issue is the result of the collaboration of many individuals. We would like to thank the editors and staff of the Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical for their enthusiastic support and efficient help during the preparation of this issue. A key factor has been the work of many anonymous referees who performed careful analysis and scrutiny of the research papers submitted to this issue, often making remarks which helped to improve their quality and readability. They carried out dedicated, altruistic work with a very high standard and this issue would not exist without their contribution. Finally, we would like to thank the authors who responded to our open call, sending us their most recent results and sharing with us the enthusiasm and interest for this fascinating field of research. We hope that this collection of papers will provide a good overview for anyone interested in recent developments in the field of integrability and nonlinear phenomena. [1] Integrable models in nonlinear optics and soliton solutions Degasperis A [2] Hamiltonian PDEs: deformations, integrability, solutions Dubrovin B [3] Smooth and peaked solitons of the CH equation Holm D D and Ivanov R I [4] KP solitons in shallow water Kodama Y [5] Two extensions of 1D Toda hierarchy Takasaki K [6] On the Lax representation of the 2-component KP and 2D Toda hierarchies Guido Carlet and Manuel Manas [7] The q-deformed mKP hierarchy with self-consistent sources, Wronskian solutions and solitons Lin R L, Peng H and Manas M [8] Hodograph solutions of the dispersionless coupled KdV hierarchies, critical points and the Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation Konopelchenko B, Martinez Alonso L and E Medina [9] Non-Hamiltonian generalizations of the dispersionless 2DTL hierarchy Bogdanov L V [10] Squared eigenfunctions and the perturbation theory for the nondegenerate N x N operator: a general outline Kaup D J and Van Gorder R A [11] The noncommutative AKNS system: projection to matrix systems, countable superposition and soliton-like solutions Schiebold C [12] On the soliton solutions of the two-dimensional Toda lattice Biondini G and Wang D [13] Differential algebra of the Painleve property Benes G N and Previato E [14] Klein's curve Braden H W and Northover T P [15] Quantum monodromy and pattern formation Zhilinskii B [16] A symptotics for a special solution to the second member of the Painleve I hierarchy Claeys T [17] Darboux transformation for a two-component derivative nonlinear Schroedinger equation Ling L and Liu Q P [18] Backlund transformations as exact integrable time discretizations for the trigonometric Gaudin model Ragnisco O and Zullo F [19] Exceptional orthogonal polynomials and the Darboux transformation Gomez-Ullate D, Kamran N and Milson R [20] The hydrodynamic Chaplygin sleigh Fedorov Y N and Garcia-Naranjo L C [21] A normal form for beam and non-local nonlinear Schroedinger equations Procesi M [22] Nonlocal transformations and linearization of second-order ordinary differential equations Muriel and Romero J L [23] Reductions of integrable equations on A.III-type symmetric spaces Gerdjikov V S, Mikhailov A V and Valchev T I [24] On Darboux-integrable semi-discrete chains Habibullin I, Zheltukhina N and Sakieva A [25] Loop coproducts, Gaudin models and Poisson coalgebras Musso F [26] Classification of integrable hydrodynamic chains Odesskii A V and Sokolov V V [27] Noncommutative Schur polynomials and the crystal limit of the Uq sl(2)-vertex model Korff C [28] Axially symmetric soliton solutions in a Skyrme-Faddeev-type model with Gies's extension Ferreira L A, Sawado N and Toda K [29] Vortices on hyperbolic surfaces Manton N S and Rink N A [30] Multivariate hypergeometric cascades, isomonodromy problems and Ward ansatze Shah M R and Woodhouse N J M [31] Coherently coupled bright optical solitons and their collisions Kanna T, Vijayajayanthi M and Lakshmanan M [32] Isochronous rate equations describing chemical reactions Calogero F, Leyvraz F and Sommacal M [33] Asymptotic expansions for solitary gravity-capillary waves in two and three dimensions Ablowitz M J and Haut T S

Element Library for Three-Dimensional Stress Analysis by the Integrated Force Method

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kaljevic, Igor; Patnaik, Surya N.; Hopkins, Dale A.

1996-01-01

The Integrated Force Method, a recently developed method for analyzing structures, is extended in this paper to three-dimensional structural analysis. First, a general formulation is developed to generate the stress interpolation matrix in terms of complete polynomials of the required order. The formulation is based on definitions of the stress tensor components in term of stress functions. The stress functions are written as complete polynomials and substituted into expressions for stress components. Then elimination of the dependent coefficients leaves the stress components expressed as complete polynomials whose coefficients are defined as generalized independent forces. Such derived components of the stress tensor identically satisfy homogenous Navier equations of equilibrium. The resulting element matrices are invariant with respect to coordinate transformation and are free of spurious zero-energy modes. The formulation provides a rational way to calculate the exact number of independent forces necessary to arrive at an approximation of the required order for complete polynomials. The influence of reducing the number of independent forces on the accuracy of the response is also analyzed. The stress fields derived are used to develop a comprehensive finite element library for three-dimensional structural analysis by the Integrated Force Method. Both tetrahedral- and hexahedral-shaped elements capable of modeling arbitrary geometric configurations are developed. A number of examples with known analytical solutions are solved by using the developments presented herein. The results are in good agreement with the analytical solutions. The responses obtained with the Integrated Force Method are also compared with those generated by the standard displacement method. In most cases, the performance of the Integrated Force Method is better overall.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Mucor circinelloides.

PubMed

Nyilasi, I; Acs, K; Papp, T; Nagy, E; Vágvölgyi, C

2005-01-01

The Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of the zygomycetous fungus Mucor circinelloides is described. A method was also developed for the hygromycin B-based selection of Mucor transformants. Transformation with the hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene of Escherichia coli controlled by the heterologous Aspergillus nidulans trpC promoter resulted in hygromycin B-resistant clones. The presence of the hygromycin resistance gene in the genome of the transformants was verified by polymerase chain reaction and Southern hybridization: the latter analyses revealed integrations in the host genome at different sites in different transformants. The stability of transformants remained questionable during the latter analyses.

ComM is a hexameric helicase that promotes branch migration during natural transformation in diverse Gram-negative species.

PubMed

Nero, Thomas M; Dalia, Triana N; Wang, Joseph Che-Yen; Kysela, David T; Bochman, Matthew L; Dalia, Ankur B

2018-05-02

Acquisition of foreign DNA by natural transformation is an important mechanism of adaptation and evolution in diverse microbial species. Here, we characterize the mechanism of ComM, a broadly conserved AAA+ protein previously implicated in homologous recombination of transforming DNA (tDNA) in naturally competent Gram-negative bacterial species. In vivo, we found that ComM was required for efficient comigration of linked genetic markers in Vibrio cholerae and Acinetobacter baylyi, which is consistent with a role in branch migration. Also, ComM was particularly important for integration of tDNA with increased sequence heterology, suggesting that its activity promotes the acquisition of novel DNA sequences. In vitro, we showed that purified ComM binds ssDNA, oligomerizes into a hexameric ring, and has bidirectional helicase and branch migration activity. Based on these data, we propose a model for tDNA integration during natural transformation. This study provides mechanistic insight into the enigmatic steps involved in tDNA integration and uncovers the function of a protein required for this conserved mechanism of horizontal gene transfer.

Series: Utilization of Differential Equations and Methods for Solving Them in Medical Physics (4).

PubMed

Murase, Kenya

2016-01-01

Partial differential equations are often used in the field of medical physics. In this (final) issue, the methods for solving the partial differential equations were introduced, which include separation of variables, integral transform (Fourier and Fourier-sine transforms), Green's function, and series expansion methods. Some examples were also introduced, in which the integral transform and Green's function methods were applied to solving Pennes' bioheat transfer equation and the Fourier series expansion method was applied to Navier-Stokes equation for analyzing the wall shear stress in blood vessels.Finally, the author hopes that this series will be helpful for people who engage in medical physics.

Non-invertible transformations of differential-difference equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Garifullin, R. N.; Yamilov, R. I.; Levi, D.

2016-09-01

We discuss aspects of the theory of non-invertible transformations of differential-difference equations and, in particular, the notion of Miura type transformation. We introduce the concept of non-Miura type linearizable transformation and we present techniques that allow one to construct simple linearizable transformations and might help one to solve classification problems. This theory is illustrated by the example of a new integrable differential-difference equation depending on five lattice points, interesting from the viewpoint of the non-invertible transformation, which relate it to an Itoh-Narita-Bogoyavlensky equation.

3D printed magnetic polymer composite transformers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bollig, Lindsey M.; Hilpisch, Peter J.; Mowry, Greg S.; Nelson-Cheeseman, Brittany B.

2017-11-01

The possibility of 3D printing a transformer core using fused deposition modeling methods is explored. With the use of additive manufacturing, ideal transformer core geometries can be achieved in order to produce a more efficient transformer. In this work, different 3D printed settings and toroidal geometries are tested using a custom integrated magnetic circuit capable of measuring the hysteresis loop of a transformer. These different properties are then characterized, and it was determined the most effective 3D printed transformer core requires a high fill factor along with a high concentration of magnetic particulate.

5. GENERAL VIEW OF HEADWORKS AND TRANSFORMER HOUSE; THE STRUCTURE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

5. GENERAL VIEW OF HEADWORKS AND TRANSFORMER HOUSE; THE STRUCTURE IN THE FOREGROUND IS THE HEADWORKS FOR THE SNOQUALMIE POWERHOUSE NO. 2 - Snoqualmie Falls Hydroelectric Project, .5 mile north of Snoqualmie, Snoqualmie, King County, WA

Integrating Magnetics for On-Chip Power: A Perspective

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sullivan, CR; Harburg, DV; Qiu, JZ

Integration of efficient power converters requires technology for efficient, high-power on-chip inductors and transformers. Increases in switching frequency, facilitated by advances in circuit designs and silicon or wide-bandgap semiconductors, can enable miniaturization, but only if the magnetics technology works well at the higher frequencies. Technologies, geometries, and scaling of air-core and magnetic-core inductors and transformers are examined, and their potential for integration is discussed. Air-core inductors can use simpler fabrication, and increasing frequency can always be used to decrease their size, but magnetic cores can decrease the required thickness without requiring as high a frequency.

Spherical integral transforms of second-order gravitational tensor components onto third-order gravitational tensor components

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Šprlák, Michal; Novák, Pavel

2017-02-01

New spherical integral formulas between components of the second- and third-order gravitational tensors are formulated in this article. First, we review the nomenclature and basic properties of the second- and third-order gravitational tensors. Initial points of mathematical derivations, i.e., the second- and third-order differential operators defined in the spherical local North-oriented reference frame and the analytical solutions of the gradiometric boundary-value problem, are also summarized. Secondly, we apply the third-order differential operators to the analytical solutions of the gradiometric boundary-value problem which gives 30 new integral formulas transforming (1) vertical-vertical, (2) vertical-horizontal and (3) horizontal-horizontal second-order gravitational tensor components onto their third-order counterparts. Using spherical polar coordinates related sub-integral kernels can efficiently be decomposed into azimuthal and isotropic parts. Both spectral and closed forms of the isotropic kernels are provided and their limits are investigated. Thirdly, numerical experiments are performed to test the consistency of the new integral transforms and to investigate properties of the sub-integral kernels. The new mathematical apparatus is valid for any harmonic potential field and may be exploited, e.g., when gravitational/magnetic second- and third-order tensor components become available in the future. The new integral formulas also extend the well-known Meissl diagram and enrich the theoretical apparatus of geodesy.

Innovation in transformative nursing leadership: nursing informatics competencies and roles.

PubMed

Remus, Sally; Kennedy, Margaret Ann

2012-12-01

In a recent brief to the Canadian Nurses Association's National Expert Commission on the Health of Our Nation, the Academy of Canadian Executive Nurses (ACEN) discussed leadership needs in the Canadian healthcare system, and promoted the pivotal role of nursing executives in transforming Canada's healthcare system into an integrated patient-centric system. Included among several recommendations was the need to develop innovative leadership competencies that enable nurse leaders to lead and advance transformative health system change. This paper focuses on an emerging "avant-garde executive leadership competency" recommended for today's health leaders to guide health system transformation. Specifically, this competency is articulated as "state of the art communication and technology savvy," and it implies linkages between nursing informatics competencies and transformational leadership roles for nurse executive. The authors of this paper propose that distinct nursing informatics competencies are required to augment traditional executive skills to support transformational outcomes of safe, integrated, high-quality care delivery through knowledge-driven care. International trends involving nursing informatics competencies and the evolution of new corporate informatics roles, such as chief nursing informatics officers (CNIOs), are demonstrating value and advanced transformational leadership as nursing executive roles that are informed by clinical data. Copyright © 2013 Longwoods Publishing.

Transformation as a Design Process and Runtime Architecture for High Integrity Software

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bespalko, S.J.; Winter, V.L.

1999-04-05

We have discussed two aspects of creating high integrity software that greatly benefit from the availability of transformation technology, which in this case is manifest by the requirement for a sophisticated backtracking parser. First, because of the potential for correctly manipulating programs via small changes, an automated non-procedural transformation system can be a valuable tool for constructing high assurance software. Second, modeling the processing of translating data into information as a, perhaps, context-dependent grammar leads to an efficient, compact implementation. From a practical perspective, the transformation process should begin in the domain language in which a problem is initially expressed.more » Thus in order for a transformation system to be practical it must be flexible with respect to domain-specific languages. We have argued that transformation applied to specification results in a highly reliable system. We also attempted to briefly demonstrate that transformation technology applied to the runtime environment will result in a safe and secure system. We thus believe that the sophisticated multi-lookahead backtracking parsing technology is central to the task of being in a position to demonstrate the existence of HIS.« less

Transformation of the cucurbit powdery mildew pathogen Podosphaera xanthii by Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

PubMed

Martínez-Cruz, Jesús; Romero, Diego; de Vicente, Antonio; Pérez-García, Alejandro

2017-03-01

The obligate biotrophic fungal pathogen Podosphaera xanthii is the main causal agent of powdery mildew in cucurbit crops all over the world. A major limitation of molecular studies of powdery mildew fungi (Erysiphales) is their genetic intractability. In this work, we describe a robust method based on the promiscuous transformation ability of Agrobacterium tumefaciens for reliable transformation of P. xanthii. The A. tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) system yielded transformants of P. xanthii with diverse transferred DNA (T-DNA) constructs. Analysis of the resultant transformants showed the random integration of T-DNA into the P. xanthii genome. The integrations were maintained in successive generations in the presence of selection pressure. Transformation was found to be transient, because in the absence of selection agent, the introduced genetic markers were lost due to excision of T-DNA from the genome. The ATMT system represents a potent tool for genetic manipulation of P. xanthii and will likely be useful for studying other biotrophic fungi. We hope that this method will contribute to the development of detailed molecular studies of the intimate interaction established between powdery mildew fungi and their host plants. © 2016 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2016 New Phytologist Trust.

19 CFR 10.14 - Fabricated components subject to the exemption.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... assembled, such as transistors, diodes, integrated circuits, machinery parts, or precut parts of wearing..., or integrated circuit wafers containing individual integrated circuit dice which have been scribed or... resulted in a substantial transformation of the foreign copper ingots. Example 2. An integrated circuit...

General method for designing wave shape transformers.

PubMed

Ma, Hua; Qu, Shaobo; Xu, Zhuo; Wang, Jiafu

2008-12-22

An effective method for designing wave shape transformers (WSTs) is investigated by adopting the coordinate transformation theory. Following this method, the devices employed to transform electromagnetic (EM) wave fronts from one style with arbitrary shape and size to another style, can be designed. To verify this method, three examples in 2D spaces are also presented. Compared with the methods proposed in other literatures, this method offers the general procedure in designing WSTs, and thus is of great importance for the potential and practical applications possessed by such kinds of devices.

Transformation of the Turkish Vocational Training System: Capitalization, Modularization and Learning unto Death

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bulut, Ergin

2010-01-01

This article scrutinizes the transformation of vocational training in Turkey. Entertaining the question, "Why did the vocational high schools become an issue in the country all of a sudden?", it aims to cover the social and economic dynamics behind this transformation. Establishing the link between Turkey's integration with the global…

Closing the Student Achievement Gap in California's Elementary Schools: A Lead Teachers' Perspective on Transformational Instructional Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hays, Kelli

2010-01-01

This study has tackled the thorny problem of closing the Student Achievement Gap (SAG) in California's elementary schools. To address that problem, an "Integrated" form of educational leadership called Transformational Instructional Leadership (TIL), a form grounded in "best practices" of Transformational and Instructional…

An integral formulation for wave propagation on weakly non-uniform potential flows

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mancini, Simone; Astley, R. Jeremy; Sinayoko, Samuel; Gabard, Gwénaël; Tournour, Michel

2016-12-01

An integral formulation for acoustic radiation in moving flows is presented. It is based on a potential formulation for acoustic radiation on weakly non-uniform subsonic mean flows. This work is motivated by the absence of suitable kernels for wave propagation on non-uniform flow. The integral solution is formulated using a Green's function obtained by combining the Taylor and Lorentz transformations. Although most conventional approaches based on either transform solve the Helmholtz problem in a transformed domain, the current Green's function and associated integral equation are derived in the physical space. A dimensional error analysis is developed to identify the limitations of the current formulation. Numerical applications are performed to assess the accuracy of the integral solution. It is tested as a means of extrapolating a numerical solution available on the outer boundary of a domain to the far field, and as a means of solving scattering problems by rigid surfaces in non-uniform flows. The results show that the error associated with the physical model deteriorates with increasing frequency and mean flow Mach number. However, the error is generated only in the domain where mean flow non-uniformities are significant and is constant in regions where the flow is uniform.

On an Integral with Two Branch Points

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Oliveira, E. Capelas; Chiacchio, Ary O.

2006-01-01

The paper considers a class of real integrals performed by using a convenient integral in the complex plane. A complex integral containing a multi-valued function with two branch points is transformed into another integral containing a pole and a unique branch point. As a by-product we obtain a new class of integrals which can be calculated in a…

Stabilizing Conditional Standard Errors of Measurement in Scale Score Transformations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moses, Tim; Kim, YoungKoung

2017-01-01

The focus of this article is on scale score transformations that can be used to stabilize conditional standard errors of measurement (CSEMs). Three transformations for stabilizing the estimated CSEMs are reviewed, including the traditional arcsine transformation, a recently developed general variance stabilization transformation, and a new method…

Two frameworks for integrating knowledge in induction

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rosenbloom, Paul S.; Hirsh, Haym; Cohen, William W.; Smith, Benjamin D.

1994-01-01

The use of knowledge in inductive learning is critical for improving the quality of the concept definitions generated, reducing the number of examples required in order to learn effective concept definitions, and reducing the computation needed to find good concept definitions. Relevant knowledge may come in many forms (such as examples, descriptions, advice, and constraints) and from many sources (such as books, teachers, databases, and scientific instruments). How to extract the relevant knowledge from this plethora of possibilities, and then to integrate it together so as to appropriately affect the induction process is perhaps the key issue at this point in inductive learning. Here the focus is on the integration part of this problem; that is, how induction algorithms can, and do, utilize a range of extracted knowledge. Preliminary work on a transformational framework for defining knowledge-intensive inductive algorithms out of relatively knowledge-free algorithms is described, as is a more tentative problems-space framework that attempts to cover all induction algorithms within a single general approach. These frameworks help to organize what is known about current knowledge-intensive induction algorithms, and to point towards new algorithms.

Adhesive contact between a rigid spherical indenter and an elastic multi-layer coated substrate

PubMed Central

Stan, Gheorghe; Adams, George G.

2016-01-01

In this work the frictionless, adhesive contact between a rigid spherical indenter and an elastic multi-layer coated half-space was investigated by means of an integral transform formulation. The indented multi-layer coats were considered as made of isotropic layers that are perfectly bonded to each other and to an isotropic substrate. The adhesive interaction between indenter and contacting surface was treated as Maugis-type adhesion to provide general applicability within the entire range of adhesive interactions. By using a transfer matrix method, the stress-strain equations of the system were reduced to two coupled integral equations for the stress distribution under the indenter and the ratio between the adhesion radius and the contact radius, respectively. These resulting integral equations were solved through a numerical collocation technique, with solutions for the load dependencies of the contact radius and indentation depth for various values of the adhesion parameter and layer composition. The method developed here can be used to calculate the force-distance response of adhesive contacts on various inhomogeneous half-spaces that can be modeled as multi-layer coated half-spaces. PMID:27574338

The Integrated Airport Competition Model, 1998

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Veldhuis, J.; Essers, I.; Bakker, D.; Cohn, N.; Kroes, E.

1999-01-01

This paper addresses recent model development by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) and Hague Consulting Group (HCG) concerning long-distance travel, Long-distance travel demand is growing very quickly and raising a great deal of economic and policy issues. There is increasing competition among the main Western European airports, and smaller, regional airports are fighting for market share. New modes of transport, such as high speed rail, arc also coming into the picture and affect the mode split for medium distance transport within Europe. Developments such as these are demanding the attention of policy makers and a tool is required for their analysis. For DGCA, Hague Consulting Group has developed a model system to provide answers to the policy questions posed by these expected trends, and to identify areas where policy makers can influence the traveller choices. The development of this model system, the Integrated Airport Competition Model/Integral Luchthaven Competitive Model (ILCM), began in 1992. Since that time the sub-models, input data and user interface have been expanded, updated and improved. HCG and DGCA have transformed the ILCM from a prototype into an operational forecasting tool.

Lie symmetry analysis, Bäcklund transformations, and exact solutions of a (2 + 1)-dimensional Boiti-Leon-Pempinelli system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Zhonglong; Han, Bo

2017-10-01

In this paper, the Lie symmetry analysis method is employed to investigate the Lie point symmetries and the one-parameter transformation groups of a (2 + 1)-dimensional Boiti-Leon-Pempinelli system. By using Ibragimov's method, the optimal system of one-dimensional subalgebras of this system is constructed. Truncated Painlevé analysis is used for deriving the Bäcklund transformation. The method of constructing lump-type solutions of integrable equations by means of Bäcklund transformation is first presented. Meanwhile, the lump-type solutions of the (2 + 1)-dimensional Boiti-Leon-Pempinelli system are obtained. The lump-type wave is one kind of rogue wave. The fusion-type N-solitary wave solutions are also constructed. In addition, this system is integrable in terms of the consistent Riccati expansion method.

Flow to a well in a water-table aquifer: An improved laplace transform solution

USGS Publications Warehouse

Moench, A.F.

1996-01-01

An alternative Laplace transform solution for the problem, originally solved by Neuman, of constant discharge from a partially penetrating well in a water-table aquifer was obtained. The solution differs from existing solutions in that it is simpler in form and can be numerically inverted without the need for time-consuming numerical integration. The derivation invloves the use of the Laplace transform and a finite Fourier cosine series and avoids the Hankel transform used in prior derivations. The solution allows for water in the overlying unsaturated zone to be released either instantaneously in response to a declining water table as assumed by Neuman, or gradually as approximated by Boulton's convolution integral. Numerical evaluation yields results identical with results obtained by previously published methods with the advantage, under most well-aquifer configurations, of much reduced computation time.

Chrestenson transform FPGA embedded factorizations.

PubMed

Corinthios, Michael J

2016-01-01

Chrestenson generalized Walsh transform factorizations for parallel processing imbedded implementations on field programmable gate arrays are presented. This general base transform, sometimes referred to as the Discrete Chrestenson transform, has received special attention in recent years. In fact, the Discrete Fourier transform and Walsh-Hadamard transform are but special cases of the Chrestenson generalized Walsh transform. Rotations of a base-p hypercube, where p is an arbitrary integer, are shown to produce dynamic contention-free memory allocation, in processor architecture. The approach is illustrated by factorizations involving the processing of matrices of the transform which are function of four variables. Parallel operations are implemented matrix multiplications. Each matrix, of dimension N × N, where N = p (n) , n integer, has a structure that depends on a variable parameter k that denotes the iteration number in the factorization process. The level of parallelism, in the form of M = p (m) processors can be chosen arbitrarily by varying m between zero to its maximum value of n - 1. The result is an equation describing the generalised parallelism factorization as a function of the four variables n, p, k and m. Applications of the approach are shown in relation to configuring field programmable gate arrays for digital signal processing applications.

A new method of Quickbird own image fusion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Han, Ying; Jiang, Hong; Zhang, Xiuying

2009-10-01

With the rapid development of remote sensing technology, the means of accessing to remote sensing data become increasingly abundant, thus the same area can form a large number of multi-temporal, different resolution image sequence. At present, the fusion methods are mainly: HPF, IHS transform method, PCA method, Brovey, Mallat algorithm and wavelet transform and so on. There exists a serious distortion of the spectrums in the IHS transform, Mallat algorithm omits low-frequency information of the high spatial resolution images, the integration results of which has obvious blocking effects. Wavelet multi-scale decomposition for different sizes, the directions, details and the edges can have achieved very good results, but different fusion rules and algorithms can achieve different effects. This article takes the Quickbird own image fusion as an example, basing on wavelet transform and HVS, wavelet transform and IHS integration. The result shows that the former better. This paper introduces the correlation coefficient, the relative average spectral error index and usual index to evaluate the quality of image.

Dark soliton pair of ultracold Fermi gases for a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation model.

PubMed

Wang, Ying; Zhou, Yu; Zhou, Shuyu; Zhang, Yongsheng

2016-07-01

We present the theoretical investigation of dark soliton pair solutions for one-dimensional as well as three-dimensional generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GGPE) which models the ultracold Fermi gas during Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer-Bose-Einstein condensates crossover. Without introducing any integrability constraint and via the self-similar approach, the three-dimensional solution of GGPE is derived based on the one-dimensional dark soliton pair solution, which is obtained through a modified F-expansion method combined with a coupled modulus-phase transformation technique. We discovered the oscillatory behavior of the dark soliton pair from the theoretical results obtained for the three-dimensional case. The calculated period agrees very well with the corresponding reported experimental result [Weller et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 130401 (2008)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.101.130401], demonstrating the applicability of the theoretical treatment presented in this work.

A Shifted Block Lanczos Algorithm 1: The Block Recurrence

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Grimes, Roger G.; Lewis, John G.; Simon, Horst D.

1990-01-01

In this paper we describe a block Lanczos algorithm that is used as the key building block of a software package for the extraction of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of large sparse symmetric generalized eigenproblems. The software package comprises: a version of the block Lanczos algorithm specialized for spectrally transformed eigenproblems; an adaptive strategy for choosing shifts, and efficient codes for factoring large sparse symmetric indefinite matrices. This paper describes the algorithmic details of our block Lanczos recurrence. This uses a novel combination of block generalizations of several features that have only been investigated independently in the past. In particular new forms of partial reorthogonalization, selective reorthogonalization and local reorthogonalization are used, as is a new algorithm for obtaining the M-orthogonal factorization of a matrix. The heuristic shifting strategy, the integration with sparse linear equation solvers and numerical experience with the code are described in a companion paper.

Weierstrass traveling wave solutions for dissipative Benjamin, Bona, and Mahony (BBM) equation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mancas, Stefan C.; Spradlin, Greg; Khanal, Harihar

2013-08-01

In this paper the effect of a small dissipation on waves is included to find exact solutions to the modified Benjamin, Bona, and Mahony (BBM) equation by viscosity. Using Lyapunov functions and dynamical systems theory, we prove that when viscosity is added to the BBM equation, in certain regions there still exist bounded traveling wave solutions in the form of solitary waves, periodic, and elliptic functions. By using the canonical form of Abel equation, the polynomial Appell invariant makes the equation integrable in terms of Weierstrass ℘ functions. We will use a general formalism based on Ince's transformation to write the general solution of dissipative BBM in terms of ℘ functions, from which all the other known solutions can be obtained via simplifying assumptions. Using ODE (ordinary differential equations) analysis we show that the traveling wave speed is a bifurcation parameter that makes transition between different classes of waves.

Novel word learning in older adults: A role for sleep?

PubMed Central

Kurdziel, Laura B. F.; Mantua, Janna; Spencer, Rebecca M. C.

2016-01-01

Sleep is an offline period during which newly acquired semantic information is transformed into longer-lasting memories. Language acquisition, which requires new word learning and semantic integration, is preferentially benefitted by a period of sleep in children and young adults. Specific features of sleep (e.g., sleep stage characteristics) have been associated with enhanced language acquisition and generalization. However, with increasing age, even in healthy individuals, sleep quality and quantity decrease. Simultaneously, deficits in word retrieval and new word learning emerge. It is unknown whether age-related alterations in language ability are linked with alterations in sleep. The goal of this review is to examine changes in language learning and sleep across the lifespan. We consider how sleep detriments that occur with aging could affect abilities to learn novel words and semantic generalization and propose hypotheses to motivate future research in this area. PMID:27291336

Double metric, generalized metric, and α' -deformed double field theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hohm, Olaf; Zwiebach, Barton

2016-03-01

We relate the unconstrained "double metric" of the "α' -geometry" formulation of double field theory to the constrained generalized metric encoding the spacetime metric and b -field. This is achieved by integrating out auxiliary field components of the double metric in an iterative procedure that induces an infinite number of higher-derivative corrections. As an application, we prove that, to first order in α' and to all orders in fields, the deformed gauge transformations are Green-Schwarz-deformed diffeomorphisms. We also prove that to first order in α' the spacetime action encodes precisely the Green-Schwarz deformation with Chern-Simons forms based on the torsionless gravitational connection. This seems to be in tension with suggestions in the literature that T-duality requires a torsionful connection, but we explain that these assertions are ambiguous since actions that use different connections are related by field redefinitions.

Fully unsteady subsonic and supersonic potential aerodynamics for complex aircraft configurations with applications to flutter

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tseng, K.; Morino, L.

1975-01-01

A general formulation is presented for the analysis of steady and unsteady, subsonic and supersonic aerodynamics for complex aircraft configurations. The theoretical formulation, the numerical procedure, the description of the program SOUSSA (steady, oscillatory and unsteady, subsonic and supersonic aerodynamics) and numerical results are included. In particular, generalized forces for fully unsteady (complex frequency) aerodynamics for a wing-body configuration, AGARD wing-tail interference in both subsonic and supersonic flows as well as flutter analysis results are included. The theoretical formulation is based upon an integral equation, which includes completely arbitrary motion. Steady and oscillatory aerodynamic flows are considered. Here small-amplitude, fully transient response in the time domain is considered. This yields the aerodynamic transfer function (Laplace transform of the fully unsteady operator) for frequency domain analysis. This is particularly convenient for the linear systems analysis of the whole aircraft.

Environmental management on the basis of Complex Regional Indicators Concept: case of the Murmansk region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kozlov, A.; Gutman, S.; Zaychenko, I.; Rytova, E.; Nijinskaya, P.

2015-09-01

The article presents an approach to sustainable environmental development of the Murmansk region of the Russian Federation based on the complex regional indicators as a transformation of a balance scorecard method. The peculiarities of Murmansk region connected with sustainable environmental development are described. The complex regional indicators approach allows to elaborate the general concept of complex regional development taking into consideration economic and non-economic factors with the focus on environmental aspects, accumulated environmental damage in particular. General strategic chart of sustainable environmental development of the Murmansk region worked out on the basis of complex regional indicators concept is composed. The key target indicators of sustainable ecological development of the Murmansk region are presented for the following strategic chart components: regional finance; society and market; industry and entrepreneurship; training, development and innovations. These charts are to be integrated with international environmental monitoring systems.

Davidenko’s Method for the Solution of Nonlinear Operator Equations.

DTIC Science & Technology

NONLINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS, NUMERICAL INTEGRATION), OPERATORS(MATHEMATICS), BANACH SPACE , MAPPING (TRANSFORMATIONS), NUMERICAL METHODS AND PROCEDURES, INTEGRALS, SET THEORY, CONVERGENCE, MATRICES(MATHEMATICS)

A symmetric integral identity for Bessel functions with applications to integral geometry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Salman, Yehonatan

2017-12-01

In the article of Kunyansky (Inverse Probl 23(1):373-383, 2007) a symmetric integral identity for Bessel functions of the first and second kind was proved in order to obtain an explicit inversion formula for the spherical mean transform where our data is given on the unit sphere in Rn . The aim of this paper is to prove an analogous symmetric integral identity in case where our data for the spherical mean transform is given on an ellipse E in R2 . For this, we will use the recent results obtained by Cohl and Volkmer (J Phys A Math Theor 45:355204, 2012) for the expansions into eigenfunctions of Bessel functions of the first and second kind in elliptical coordinates.

Optimizing transformations for automated, high throughput analysis of flow cytometry data

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

Background In a high throughput setting, effective flow cytometry data analysis depends heavily on proper data preprocessing. While usual preprocessing steps of quality assessment, outlier removal, normalization, and gating have received considerable scrutiny from the community, the influence of data transformation on the output of high throughput analysis has been largely overlooked. Flow cytometry measurements can vary over several orders of magnitude, cell populations can have variances that depend on their mean fluorescence intensities, and may exhibit heavily-skewed distributions. Consequently, the choice of data transformation can influence the output of automated gating. An appropriate data transformation aids in data visualization and gating of cell populations across the range of data. Experience shows that the choice of transformation is data specific. Our goal here is to compare the performance of different transformations applied to flow cytometry data in the context of automated gating in a high throughput, fully automated setting. We examine the most common transformations used in flow cytometry, including the generalized hyperbolic arcsine, biexponential, linlog, and generalized Box-Cox, all within the BioConductor flowCore framework that is widely used in high throughput, automated flow cytometry data analysis. All of these transformations have adjustable parameters whose effects upon the data are non-intuitive for most users. By making some modelling assumptions about the transformed data, we develop maximum likelihood criteria to optimize parameter choice for these different transformations. Results We compare the performance of parameter-optimized and default-parameter (in flowCore) data transformations on real and simulated data by measuring the variation in the locations of cell populations across samples, discovered via automated gating in both the scatter and fluorescence channels. We find that parameter-optimized transformations improve visualization, reduce variability in the location of discovered cell populations across samples, and decrease the misclassification (mis-gating) of individual events when compared to default-parameter counterparts. Conclusions Our results indicate that the preferred transformation for fluorescence channels is a parameter- optimized biexponential or generalized Box-Cox, in accordance with current best practices. Interestingly, for populations in the scatter channels, we find that the optimized hyperbolic arcsine may be a better choice in a high-throughput setting than current standard practice of no transformation. However, generally speaking, the choice of transformation remains data-dependent. We have implemented our algorithm in the BioConductor package, flowTrans, which is publicly available. PMID:21050468

Optimizing transformations for automated, high throughput analysis of flow cytometry data.

PubMed

Finak, Greg; Perez, Juan-Manuel; Weng, Andrew; Gottardo, Raphael

2010-11-04

In a high throughput setting, effective flow cytometry data analysis depends heavily on proper data preprocessing. While usual preprocessing steps of quality assessment, outlier removal, normalization, and gating have received considerable scrutiny from the community, the influence of data transformation on the output of high throughput analysis has been largely overlooked. Flow cytometry measurements can vary over several orders of magnitude, cell populations can have variances that depend on their mean fluorescence intensities, and may exhibit heavily-skewed distributions. Consequently, the choice of data transformation can influence the output of automated gating. An appropriate data transformation aids in data visualization and gating of cell populations across the range of data. Experience shows that the choice of transformation is data specific. Our goal here is to compare the performance of different transformations applied to flow cytometry data in the context of automated gating in a high throughput, fully automated setting. We examine the most common transformations used in flow cytometry, including the generalized hyperbolic arcsine, biexponential, linlog, and generalized Box-Cox, all within the BioConductor flowCore framework that is widely used in high throughput, automated flow cytometry data analysis. All of these transformations have adjustable parameters whose effects upon the data are non-intuitive for most users. By making some modelling assumptions about the transformed data, we develop maximum likelihood criteria to optimize parameter choice for these different transformations. We compare the performance of parameter-optimized and default-parameter (in flowCore) data transformations on real and simulated data by measuring the variation in the locations of cell populations across samples, discovered via automated gating in both the scatter and fluorescence channels. We find that parameter-optimized transformations improve visualization, reduce variability in the location of discovered cell populations across samples, and decrease the misclassification (mis-gating) of individual events when compared to default-parameter counterparts. Our results indicate that the preferred transformation for fluorescence channels is a parameter- optimized biexponential or generalized Box-Cox, in accordance with current best practices. Interestingly, for populations in the scatter channels, we find that the optimized hyperbolic arcsine may be a better choice in a high-throughput setting than current standard practice of no transformation. However, generally speaking, the choice of transformation remains data-dependent. We have implemented our algorithm in the BioConductor package, flowTrans, which is publicly available.

Optimality of general lattice transformations with applications to the Bain strain in steel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koumatos, K.; Muehlemann, A.

2016-04-01

This article provides a rigorous proof of a conjecture by E. C. Bain in 1924 on the optimality of the so-called Bain strain based on a criterion of least atomic movement. A general framework that explores several such optimality criteria is introduced and employed to show the existence of optimal transformations between any two Bravais lattices. A precise algorithm and a graphical user interface to determine this optimal transformation is provided. Apart from the Bain conjecture concerning the transformation from face-centred cubic to body-centred cubic, applications include the face-centred cubic to body-centred tetragonal transition as well as the transformation between two triclinic phases of terephthalic acid.

Optimality of general lattice transformations with applications to the Bain strain in steel

PubMed Central

Koumatos, K.

2016-01-01

This article provides a rigorous proof of a conjecture by E. C. Bain in 1924 on the optimality of the so-called Bain strain based on a criterion of least atomic movement. A general framework that explores several such optimality criteria is introduced and employed to show the existence of optimal transformations between any two Bravais lattices. A precise algorithm and a graphical user interface to determine this optimal transformation is provided. Apart from the Bain conjecture concerning the transformation from face-centred cubic to body-centred cubic, applications include the face-centred cubic to body-centred tetragonal transition as well as the transformation between two triclinic phases of terephthalic acid. PMID:27274692

Transforming care: medical practice design and information technology.

PubMed

Kilo, Charles M

2005-01-01

The transformation of the medical practice is possible today because of the advancement of system design knowledge coupled with innovations in information technology (IT). Examples of such transformed care are present today, and they are creating a roadmap for others. Those efforts are also elucidating critical issues in the use of IT to advance health care quality. Connectivity, electronic integration, and knowledge management are the key functionalities emerging as levers to promote this transformation.

Select Learning Organizations?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ellington, Linda

2012-01-01

Transformation is how adults make meaning from and interpret experiences. Transformation know-how is an important attribute to demonstrate while leading. This paper examines the transformational ability of leaders. It is generally perceived that since leaders have similar leadership skills, the perception of how they transform their organizations…

Transformational Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Arab Educational System in Israel: The Impact of Trust and Job Satisfaction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nasra, Muhammed Abu; Heilbrunn, Sibylle

2016-01-01

The present study aims to extend and integrate previous research on the mediating effects of trust in supervisor and job satisfaction on the relationship between transformational leadership style and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Drawing on previous research, we argue that transformational leadership impacts OCB directly and…

Duality, marginal perturbations, and gauging

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Henningson, M.; Nappi, C.R.

1993-07-15

We study duality transformations for two-dimensional [sigma] models with Abelian chiral isometries and prove that generic such transformations are equivalent to integrated marginal perturbations by bilinears in the chiral currents, thus confirming a recent conjecture by Hassan and Sen formulated in the context of Wess-Zumino-Witten models. Specific duality transformations instead give rise to coset models plus free bosons.

In Search of a Teacher Education Curriculum: Appropriating a Design Lens to Solve Problems of Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Norton, Priscilla; Hathaway, Dawn

2015-01-01

Despite the rhetoric around technology as a transformative force in education, transformation is in the hands of teachers not technology. Yet, teachers cannot capitalize on technology's transformative potentials when teacher education is focused on the technology itself or even on the goal of technology integration. Teachers today are challenged…

PREFACE: Symmetries and integrability of difference equations Symmetries and integrability of difference equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Levi, Decio; Olver, Peter; Thomova, Zora; Winternitz, Pavel

2009-11-01

The concept of integrability was introduced in classical mechanics in the 19th century for finite dimensional continuous Hamiltonian systems. It was extended to certain classes of nonlinear differential equations in the second half of the 20th century with the discovery of the inverse scattering transform and the birth of soliton theory. Also at the end of the 19th century Lie group theory was invented as a powerful tool for obtaining exact analytical solutions of large classes of differential equations. Together, Lie group theory and integrability theory in its most general sense provide the main tools for solving nonlinear differential equations. Like differential equations, difference equations play an important role in physics and other sciences. They occur very naturally in the description of phenomena that are genuinely discrete. Indeed, they may actually be more fundamental than differential equations if space-time is actually discrete at very short distances. On the other hand, even when treating continuous phenomena described by differential equations it is very often necessary to resort to numerical methods. This involves a discretization of the differential equation, i.e. a replacement of the differential equation by a difference one. Given the well developed and understood techniques of symmetry and integrability for differential equations a natural question to ask is whether it is possible to develop similar techniques for difference equations. The aim is, on one hand, to obtain powerful methods for solving `integrable' difference equations and to establish practical integrability criteria, telling us when the methods are applicable. On the other hand, Lie group methods can be adapted to solve difference equations analytically. Finally, integrability and symmetry methods can be combined with numerical methods to obtain improved numerical solutions of differential equations. The origin of the SIDE meetings goes back to the early 1990s and the first meeting with the name `Symmetries and Integrability of Discrete Equations (SIDE)' was held in Estérel, Québec, Canada. This was organized by D Levi, P Winternitz and L Vinet. After the success of the first meeting the scientific community decided to hold bi-annual SIDE meetings. They were held in 1996 at the University of Kent (UK), 1998 in Sabaudia (Italy), 2000 at the University of Tokyo (Japan), 2002 in Giens (France), 2004 in Helsinki (Finland) and in 2006 at the University of Melbourne (Australia). In 2008 the SIDE 8 meeting was again organized near Montreal, in Ste-Adèle, Québec, Canada. The SIDE 8 International Advisory Committee (also the SIDE steering committee) consisted of Frank Nijhoff, Alexander Bobenko, Basil Grammaticos, Jarmo Hietarinta, Nalini Joshi, Decio Levi, Vassilis Papageorgiou, Junkichi Satsuma, Yuri Suris, Claude Vialet and Pavel Winternitz. The local organizing committee consisted of Pavel Winternitz, John Harnad, Véronique Hussin, Decio Levi, Peter Olver and Luc Vinet. Financial support came from the Centre de Recherches Mathématiques in Montreal and the National Science Foundation (through the University of Minnesota). Proceedings of the first three SIDE meetings were published in the LMS Lecture Note series. Since 2000 the emphasis has been on publishing selected refereed articles in response to a general call for papers issued after the conference. This allows for a wider author base, since the call for papers is not restricted to conference participants. The SIDE topics thus are represented in special issues of Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 34 (48) and Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, 40 (42) (SIDE 4 and SIDE 7, respectively), Journal of Nonlinear Mathematical Physics 10 (Suppl. 2) and 12 (Suppl. 2) (SIDE 5 and SIDE 6 respectively). The SIDE 8 meeting was organized around several topics and the contributions to this special issue reflect the diversity presented during the meeting. The papers presented at the SIDE 8 meeting were organized into the following special sessions: geometry of discrete and continuous Painlevé equations; continuous symmetries of discrete equations—theory and computational applications; algebraic aspects of discrete equations; singularity confinement, algebraic entropy and Nevanlinna theory; discrete differential geometry; discrete integrable systems and isomonodromy transformations; special functions as solutions of difference and q-difference equations. This special issue of the journal is organized along similar lines. The first three articles are topical review articles appearing in alphabetical order (by first author). The article by Doliwa and Nieszporski describes the Darboux transformations in a discrete setting, namely for the discrete second order linear problem. The article by Grammaticos, Halburd, Ramani and Viallet concentrates on the integrability of the discrete systems, in particular they describe integrability tests for difference equations such as singularity confinement, algebraic entropy (growth and complexity), and analytic and arithmetic approaches. The topical review by Konopelchenko explores the relationship between the discrete integrable systems and deformations of associative algebras. All other articles are presented in alphabetical order (by first author). The contributions were solicited from all participants as well as from the general scientific community. The contributions published in this special issue can be loosely grouped into several overlapping topics, namely: •Geometry of discrete and continuous Painlevé equations (articles by Spicer and Nijhoff and by Lobb and Nijhoff). •Continuous symmetries of discrete equations—theory and applications (articles by Dorodnitsyn and Kozlov; Levi, Petrera and Scimiterna; Scimiterna; Ste-Marie and Tremblay; Levi and Yamilov; Rebelo and Winternitz). •Yang--Baxter maps (article by Xenitidis and Papageorgiou). •Algebraic aspects of discrete equations (articles by Doliwa and Nieszporski; Konopelchenko; Tsarev and Wolf). •Singularity confinement, algebraic entropy and Nevanlinna theory (articles by Grammaticos, Halburd, Ramani and Viallet; Grammaticos, Ramani and Tamizhmani). •Discrete integrable systems and isomonodromy transformations (article by Dzhamay). •Special functions as solutions of difference and q-difference equations (articles by Atakishiyeva, Atakishiyev and Koornwinder; Bertola, Gekhtman and Szmigielski; Vinet and Zhedanov). •Other topics (articles by Atkinson; Grünbaum Nagai, Kametaka and Watanabe; Nagiyev, Guliyeva and Jafarov; Sahadevan and Uma Maheswari; Svinin; Tian and Hu; Yao, Liu and Zeng). This issue is the result of the collaboration of many individuals. We would like to thank the authors who contributed and everyone else involved in the preparation of this special issue.

Health Care System Transformation and Integration: A Call to Action for Public Health.

PubMed

Wiley, Lindsay F; Matthews, Gene W

2017-03-01

Restructured health care reimbursement systems and new requirements for nonprofit hospitals are transforming the U.S. health system, creating opportunities for enhanced integration of public health and health care goals. This article explores the role of public health practitioners and lawyers in this moment of transformation. We argue that the population perspective and structural strategies that characterize public health can add value to the health care system but could get lost in translation as changes to tax requirements and payment systems are rapidly implemented. We urge public health leaders to take a more active role in hospital assessments of community health needs and evaluation of the patient outcomes for which providers are accountable.

The Impact of Technology Integration through a Transformative Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cubillos, Jo Ann

2013-01-01

The integration of technology into classroom instruction in K-12 schools remains problematic. The problems associated with this integration are troubling, as technology integration may change a teacher's pedagogy toward more innovative approaches that increase student achievement. The purpose of this study was to document teachers' experiences as…